,i  #aad? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #aide  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,april #bb1 #bjae ,mr4
 ,de,fazio introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 
0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,natural    
,res\rces1 & 9 addition to ! ,committee 
on ,ways & ,means1 = a p]iod to be      
subsequ5tly det]m9$ by ! ,speak]1 9 ea* 
case = consid]ation ( su* provisions z  
fall )9 ! jurisdiction ( ! committee    
conc]n$  ,a ,,bill  ,to am5d ! ,african 
,elephant ,cons]vation ,act & !         
,rh9oc]os & ,tig] ,cons]vation ,act to  
provide = trade sanctions aga9/ c\ntries
 involv$ 9 illegal trade ( elephant     
ivory & rh9oc]os horn1 & = o!r purposes4
  #a4 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ 
z ! ,t>get$ ,use ( ,sanctions = ,kill+  
,elephants & ,rh9oc]os ,act ( #bjae4    
#b4 ,f9d+s & purpose  7a7 ,f9d+s ,!     
,congress f9ds t--  7#a7 poa*+ (        
,african elephants & rh9oc]os has       
increas$ dramatically s9ce #bjjf1 & has 
rea*$ levels t ?reat5 ! cont9u$ exi/5ce 
( _m elephant & rh9oc]os populations2   

7#b7 poa*+ ( ,african elephants &       
rh9oc]os is be+ driv5 by increas$ dem& =
 ivory & rh9oc]os horn 9 ,asia1 :i* has 
caus$ ivory & rh9oc]os horn prices to   
rise expon5tially 9 rec5t ye>s2  7#c7   
high prices h drawn organiz$ crim9al    
elem5ts into ! illegal trade ( ivory &  
rh9oc]os horn1 & x is widely recogniz$ t
 transnational crime r+s involv$ 9      
traffick+ 9 drugs1 guns1 & humans are   
also responsible = traffick+ 9 l>ge     
quantities ( poa*$ ivory & rh9oc]os horn
 f ,africa to ,asia2  7#d7 !re is       
significant evid5ce t t]rori/ & insurg5t
 gr\ps 9 ,africa1 includ+ gr\ps ) ties  
to ,al ,qa$a1 are f9anc+ _! op]ations   
?r\gh ! sale ( illegal ivory & rh9oc]os 
horn2  7#e7 ! elephant & rh9oc]os poa*+ 
crisis has become s sev]e1 & ! tactics (
 poa*]s s sophi/icat$1 t traditional    
approa*es to cons]vation law en=cem5t   
int5d$ to protect elephants & rh9oc]os 9
 _! habitat 9 ,africa are fail+2  7#f7 a
 numb] ( c\ntries t s]ve z major s\rce1 
transit1 or de/9ation po9ts = illegal   

ivory & rh9oc]os horn h prov5 unable or 
unwill+ to /op ! product f com+ across  
_! bord]s2 &  7#g7 /rategies to r$uce   
dem& = ivory & rh9oc]os horn ?r\gh      
education & o!r nonb9d+ means are       
necess>y1 b n suffici5t1 to cons]ve     
,african elephant & rh9oc]os            
populations4  7b7 ,purpose ,! purpose ( 
?is ,act is to provide a means by :i* ! 
,unit$ ,/ates c affect dem& = & illegal 
traffick+ ( ,african elephant ivory &   
rh9oc]os horn 9 o!r c\ntries by requir+ 
^? c\ntries to ent] into consultations )
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to end ! illegal ivory 
& rh9oc]os horn trade1 z a condition (  
cont9u$ access to ,unit$ ,/ates m>kets =
 o!r natural res\rce products4  ,i      
,am5dm5ts to ! ,african ,elephant       
,cons]vation ,act  #aja4 ,illegal trade 
def9$ ,section #bcje ( ! ,african       
,elephant ,cons]vation ,act 7#af        
,u4,s4,c4 #dbdd7 is am5d$ by r$esignat+ 
p>agraphs 7#e7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 z p>agraphs  
7#f7 ?r\gh 7#ad71 respectively1 & by    
ins]t+ aft] p>agraph 7#d7 ! foll[+3     

7#e7 ,illegal trade ,! t]m illegal trade
 means any sale1 pur*ase1 b>t]1 transit1
 or ex*ange ( raw ivory or work$ ivory t
 0 tak51 trad$1 import$1 or export$ 9   
violation ( ! laws ( an ivory-produc+   
c\ntry1 or ( int]national wildlife trade
 agreem5ts1 includ+ ,,cites4  4  #ajb4  
,am5dm5t to f9d+s 9 ,african ,elephant  
,cons]vation ,act ,section #bjjc ( !    
,african ,elephant ,cons]vation ,act    
7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dbjb7 is am5d$ by add+  
at ! end ! foll[+3  7#aj7 ,poa*+ &      
traffick+ ( wildlife has become a global
 crisis1 fund+ organiz$ crim9al         
syndicates & t]rori/ organizations &    
h>m+ elephant populations & local       
communities4 ,african elephant ivory is 
at ! c5t] ( ?is crisis1 & imm$iate      
action is necess>y to elim9ate ! dem& = 
ivory & ! pr(it inc5tive = poa*]s &     
traffick]s4  4  #ajc4 ,/atem5t ( policy 
,section #bjjd ( ! ,african ,elephant   
,cons]vation ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dbjc7 
is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ & aft] !       
semicolon at ! end ( p>agraph 7#a72     

7#b7 by /rik+ ! p]iod at ! end (        
p>agraph 7#b7 & by ins]t+ 2 &2 &  7#c7  
by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  7#c7 to     
prev5t additional ,african elephant     
ivory f ent]+ global comm]ce1 & to r$uce
 dem& = ivory t is driv+ elephant poa*+ 
by limit+ natural res\rces-relat$ trade 
) c\ntries ^: nationals are engag$ 9    
illegal ivory trade4  4  #ajd4          
,c]tification "u ,fi%]m5's ,protective  
,act ( #aifg ,section #bbjb ( ! ,african
 ,elephant ,cons]vation ,act 7#af       
,u4,s4,c4 #dbbb7 is am5d$ by add+ at !  
end ! foll[+3  7g7 ,c]tification ,if !  
,,cites ,/&+ ,committee id5tifies any   
c\ntry z a c\ntry ( prim>y conc]n       
because x is a significant s\rce or     
transit or de/9ation po9t = illegal     
trade ( ivory1 ! ,secret>y %all issue a 
c]tification ) respect to t c\ntry "u   
section #h7;a7 ( ! ,fi%]m5's ,protective
 ,act ( #aifg 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #aigh7;a774
  4  #aje4 ,consultation & sanction  7a7
 ,9 g5]al ,"p ,,ii ( ! ,african         
,elephant ,cons]vation ,act 7#af        

,u4,s4,c4 #dbba et seq47 is am5d$ by    
add+ at ! end ! foll[+3  #bbjf4         
,consultation & sanction  7a7           
,consultation ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft] 
a c]tification ) respect to a c\ntry "u 
section #bbjb7;g71 ! ,presid5t1 act+    
?r\gh ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 %all    
seek to ent] into consultations ) !     
gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry = ! purpose ( obta9+
 an agreem5t "u :i* ! c\ntry w          
imm$iately & significantly r$uce1 & w   
commit to t]m9at+1 all illegal trade (  
ivory into1 out (1 or )9 t c\ntry4  7b7 
,prohibition on trade 9 relat$ natural  
res\rces  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,if             
consultations ) a gov]nm5t "u subsection
 7a7 are n satisfactorily conclud$ )9   
#ij days or if a gov]nm5t refuses to    
ent] into consultations1 ! ,presid5t    
%all direct ! ,secret>y to prohibit !   
importation into ! ,unit$ ,/ates (      
products ( wildlife1 fi%1 & plants f t  
c\ntry until ! e>li] (--  7,a7 ! date an
 agreem5t ) ! c\ntry "u subsection 7a7  
is f9aliz$2 or  7,b7 ! date ! ,secret>y 

f9ds t ! c\ntry is no long] a           
significant s\rce or transit or         
de/9ation po9t = illegal ivory trade4   
7#b7 ,public notice ,! ,secret>y %all   
publi% public notice ( any prohibition  
"u ?is subsection n lat] ?an #cj days   
be=e ! effective date ( ! prohibition4  
7c7 ,det]m9ation ( effectiv5ess (       
sanctions ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] !  
effective date ( a prohibition "u       
subsection 7b71 ! ,secret>y %all det]m9e
 & report to ,congress :e!r--  7#a7 !   
prohibition is suffici5t to cause !     
c\ntry to imm$iately & significantly    
r$uce1 & commit to t]m9at+1 illegal     
trade ( ivory into1 out (1 or )9 t      
c\ntry2 &  7#b7 t c\ntry has retaliat$  
aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a result ( t    
prohibition4  4  7b7 ,c\ntries id5tifi$ 
be=e enactm5t  7#a7 ,application (      
prohibition ,section #bbjf7;b7 ( !      
,african ,elephant ,cons]vation ,act1 z 
am5d$ by ?is section1 %all apply to a   
c\ntry t be=e ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is 
,act 0 id5tifi$ by ! ,,cites ,/&+       

,committee z a c\ntry ( prim>y conc]n   
because x is a significant s\rce or     
transit or de/9ation po9t = illegal     
trade ( ivory1 if ! ,,cites ,/&+        
,committee has n resc9d$ su*            
id5tification by t date ( enactm5t4     
7#b7 ,consultation ,! ,presid5t1 act+   
?r\gh ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 %all    
seek to ent] into consultations "u      
section #bbjf7;a7 ( ! ,african ,elephant
 ,cons]vation ,act1 z am5d$ by ?is      
section1 ) a c\ntry describ$ 9 p>agraph 
7#a7 ( ?is subsection by n lat] ?an #cj 
days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is     
,act4  ,,ii ,am5dm5ts to ! ,rh9oc]os &  
,tig] ,cons]vation ,act  #bja4 ,am5dm5t 
to f9d+s ,section #b ( ! ,rh9oc]os &    
,tig] ,cons]vation ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4  
#ecja7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end !      
foll[+3  7#aa7 ,poa*+ & traffick+ (     
wildlife has become a global crisis1    
fund+ organiz$ crim9al syndicates &     
t]rori/ organizations & h>m+ rh9oc]os   
populations & local communities4        
,rh9oc]os horn is at ! c5t] ( ?is       

crisis1 & imm$iate action is necess>y to
 elim9ate ! dem& = rh9oc]os horn & !    
pr(it inc5tive = poa*]s & traffick]s4  4
  #bjb4 ,am5dm5t to purposes ,section #c
 ( ! ,rh9oc]os & ,tig] ,cons]vation ,act
 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #ecjb7 is am5d$ by add+ 
at ! end ! foll[+3  7#d7 ,to provide a  
means by :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates c affect   
dem& = & illegal traffick+ ( rh9oc]os   
horn 9 o!r c\ntries by requir+ ^?       
c\ntries to ent] into consultations ) ! 
,unit$ ,/ates to end ! illegal trade 9  
rh9oc]os horn1 z a condition ( cont9u$  
access to ,unit$ ,/ates m>kets = o!r    
natural res\rce products4  4  #bjc4     
,illegal trade def9$ ,section #d ( !    
,rh9oc]os & ,tig] ,cons]vation ,act 7#af
 ,u4,s4,c4 #ecjc7 is am5d$ by add+ at ! 
end ! foll[+3  7#g7 ,illegal trade ,!   
t]m illegal trade means any sale1       
pur*ase1 b>t]1 transit1 or ex*ange ( raw
 rh9oc]os horn or work$ rh9oc]os horn t 
0 tak5 9 violation ( ! laws ( a c\ntry  
)9 ! range ( ! black rh9oc]os or :ite   
rh9oc]os1 or ( int]national wildlife    

trade agreem5ts1 includ+ ,,cites4  4    
#bjd4 ,c]tification "u ,fi%]m5's        
,protective ,act ( #aifg  7a7 ,9 g5]al  
,! ,rh9oc]os & ,tig] ,cons]vation ,act  
is am5d$ by r$esignat+ sections #h1 #i1 
& #aj 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #ecje;b1 #ecje;c1 &
 #ecjf7 z sections #i1 #aj1 & #aa1      
respectively1 & ins]t+ aft] section #g  
7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #ecje;a7 ! foll[+3  #h4  
,c]tification1 consultation1 & sanction 
7a7 ,c]tification ,if ! ,,cites ,/&+    
,committee id5tifies any c\ntry z a     
c\ntry ( prim>y conc]n because x is a   
significant s\rce or transit or         
de/9ation po9t = illegal trade (        
rh9oc]os horn1 ! ,secret>y %all issue a 
c]tification ) respect to t c\ntry "u   
section #h7;a7 ( ! ,fi%]m5's ,protective
 ,act ( #aifg 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #aigh7;a774
  7b7 ,consultation ,n lat] ?an #cj days
 aft] issuance ( a c]tification )       
respect to ! c\ntry "u subsection 7a71 !
 ,presid5t1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,secret>y ( !  
,int]ior1 %all seek to ent] into        
consultations ) ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry = 

! purpose ( obta9+ an agreem5t "u :i* ! 
c\ntry w imm$iately & significantly     
r$uce1 & w commit to t]m9at+1 all       
illegal trade ( rh9oc]os horn into1 out 
(1 or )9 t c\ntry4  7c7 ,prohibition on 
trade 9 relat$ natural res\rces  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,if consultations ) a gov]nm5t "u
 subsection 7b7 are n satisfactorily    
conclud$ )9 #ij days or if a gov]nm5t   
refuses to ent] into su* consultations1 
! ,presid5t %all direct ! ,secret>y to  
prohibit ! importation into ! ,unit$    
,/ates ( products ( wildlife1 fi%1 &    
plants f t c\ntry until ! e>li] (--     
7,a7 ! date an agreem5t ) ! c\ntry "u   
subsection 7b7 is f9aliz$2 or  7,b7 !   
date ! ,secret>y f9ds t ! c\ntry is no  
long] a significant s\rce or transit or 
de/9ation po9t = illegal trade (        
rh9oc]os horn4  7#b7 ,public notice ,!  
,secret>y %all publi% public notice (   
any prohibition "u ?is subsection n lat]
 ?an #cj days be=e ! effective date ( ! 
prohibition4  7d7 ,det]m9ation (        
effectiv5ess ( sanctions ,n lat] ?an    

#ahj days aft] ! effective date ( a     
prohibition "u subsection 7c71 !        
,secret>y %all det]m9e & report to      
,congress :e!r--  7#a7 ! prohibition is 
suffici5t to cause ! c\ntry to          
imm$iately & significantly r$uce1 &     
commit to t]m9at+1 illegal trade (      
rh9oc]os horn into1 out (1 or )9 t      
c\ntry2 &  7#b7 t c\ntry has retaliat$  
aga9/ ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a result ( t    
prohibition4  4  7b7 ,c\ntries id5tifi$ 
be=e enactm5t  7#a7 ,application (      
prohibition ,section #h7;c7 ( !         
,rh9oc]os & ,tig] ,cons]vation ,act1 z  
am5d$ by ?is section1 %all apply to a   
c\ntry t be=e ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is 
,act 0 id5tifi$ by ! ,,cites ,/&+       
,committee z a c\ntry ( prim>y conc]n   
because x is a significant s\rce or     
transit or de/9ation po9t = illegal     
trade ( rh9oc]os horn1 if ! ,,cites ,/&+
 ,committee has n resc9d$ su*           
id5tification by t date ( enactm5t4     
7#b7 ,consultation ,! ,presid5t1 act+   
?r\gh ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 %all    

seek to ent] into consultations "u      
#h7;c7 ( ! ,rh9oc]os & ,tig]            
,cons]vation ,act1 z am5d$ by ?is       
section1 ) a c\ntry describ$ 9 p>agraph 
7#a7 ( ?is subsection by n lat] ?an #cj 
days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is     
,act4