,,iii ,cal5d> ,no4 #cfc #aac? ,,congress
  #b;d ,session  ,s4 ,,res4 #dac  ,,9   
,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates     
,april #g1 #bjad,mr4 ,coons 7= himself1 
,mr4 ,m55dez1 & ,mr4 ,flake7 submitt$ ! 
foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to !    
,committee on ,=eign ,relations  ,april 
#aa1 #bjad,report$ by ,mr4 ,m55dez1 )\t 
am5dm5t  ,,resolution  ,recogniz+ #bj   
ye>s s9ce ! g5ocide 9 ,rw&a1 & affirm+ x
 is 9 ! national int]e/ ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates to "w 9 close coord9ation )      
int]national p>tn]s to help prev5t &    
mitigate acts ( g5ocide & mass          
atrocities4  ,:]eas1 9 ! aft]ma? ( !    
,holocau/1 ! ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al     
,assembly adopt$ ! ,conv5tion on !      
,prev5tion & ,puni%m5t ( ! ,crime (     
,g5ocide decl>+ t g5ocide1 :e!r committ$
 9 a "t ( peace or w>1 is a crime "u    
int]national law2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates
 0 ! fir/ c\ntry to sign ! ,conv5tion on
 ! ,prev5tion & ,puni%m5t ( ! ,crime (  
,g5ocide1 & ! ,s5ate vot$ to ratify !   
,conv5tion on ! ,prev5tion & ,puni%m5t (

 ! ,crime ( ,g5ocide on ,febru>y #aa1   
#aihf2 ,:]eas1 = approximately #ajj days
 betwe5 ,april #g1 #aiid1 & ,july #aiid1
 m ?an #hjj1jjj civilians 7 kill$ 9 a   
g5ocide 9 ,rw&a t t>get$ memb]s ( !     
,tutsi1 mod]ate ,hutu1 & ,twa           
populations1 result+ 9 ! horrific dea?s 
( ne>ly #gj p]c5t ( ! ,tutsi population 
liv+ 9 ,rw&a2 ,:]eas ! massacres (      
innoc5t ,rw&an civilians 7 prem$itat$ & 
sy/ematic attempts to elim9ate ! ,tutsi 
population by ,hutu extremi/s1 fuel$ by 
hatr$ & incitem5t propagat$ by newspap]s
 & radio2 ,:]eas1 9 addition to         
sy/ematic t>get+ ( an e?nic m9ority 9   
,rw&a result+ 9 ! mass slaught] (       
innoc5t civilians1 rape 0 also us$ z a  
weapon ( w>2 ,:]eas1 despite ! deploym5t
 ( ! ,unit$ ,nations ,assi/ance ,mission
 = ,rw&a 7,,unamir7 9 ,octob] #aiic     
foll[+ ! end ( ! ,rw&an ,civil ,w>1 its 
m&ate 0 insuffici5t to ensure !         
protection ( l>ge swa!s ( ! population1 
demon/rat+ ! inability ( ! ,unit$       
,nations to effectively respond to !    

unfold+ g5ocide & /op or mitigate its   
impact2 ,:]eas1 on ,july #d1 #aiid1 !   
,rw&an ,patriotic ,front1 a tra9$       
milit>y gr\p consi/+ ( =m]ly exil$      
,tutsis1 began its takeov] ( ! c\ntry1  
:i* result$ 9 an end+ ( ! g5ocide1 ?\gh 
n a complete end to ! viol5ce1 includ+  
retribution2 ,:]eas1 9 ,octob] #aiid1 ! 
,int]national ,crim9al ,tribunal = ,rw&a
 7,,ictr7 0 e/abli%$ z ! fir/           
int]national tribunal ) ! m&ate to      
prosecute ! crime ( g5ocide & ultimately
 prosecut$ #fc individuals = w> crimes1 
includ+ g5ocide & crimes aga9/ humanity 
z well z ! fir/ convictions = rape z a  
weapon ( w>2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,gov]nm5t supports initiatives to ensure
 t victims ( g5ocide & mass atrocities  
are n =gott51 & has committ$ to "w )    
int]national p>tn]s to help prev5t      
g5ocide & mass atrocities & id5tify &   
support a range ( actions to protect    
civilian populations at risk2 ,:]eas1 9 
,july #bjjd1 ! ,s5ate adopt$ ,s5ate     
,concurr5t ,resolution #acc & ! ,h\se ( 

,repres5tatives adopt$ ,h\se ,concurr5t 
,resolution #dfg1 decl>+ t 8! atrocities
 unfold+ 9 ,d>fur1 ,sudan1 are g5ocide01
 & call+ on ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t & 
! int]national community to take        
measures to address ! situation         
imm$iately2 ,:]eas1 9 ,septemb] #bjjd1 !
 ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t1 9 te/imony by 
,secret>y ( ,/ate ,col9 ,p[ell be=e !   
,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( !     
,s5ate1 decl>$ ! ongo+ conflict 9       
,d>fur1 ,sudan1 a 8g5ocide0 p]petrat$ by
 ! gov]nm5t bas$ 9 ,kh>t\m aga9/ its own
 p & affect+ ov] #b1djj1jjj p 9 ,sudan1 
includ+ an e/imat$ #bjj1jjj fatalities2 
,:]eas1 9 ,septemb] #bjje1 ! ,unit$     
,/ates jo9$ o!r memb]s ( ! ,unit$       
,nations 9 adopt+ ,unit$ ,nations ,g5]al
 ,assembly ,resolution #fj_/a1 :i*      
affirm$ t ! int]national community has a
 responsibility to use appropriate      
diplomatic1 humanit>ian & o!r peaceful  
means1 9 accordance ) ,*apt] ,,vi       
7,milit>y en=cem5t7 & ,,viii 7,regional 
,arrangem5ts7 ( ! ,unit$ ,nations ,*>t]1

 to help protect populations f g5ocide1 
w> crimes1 e?nic cleans+1 & crimes aga9/
 humanity2 ,:]eas1 9 ,decemb] #bjaa1 !  
,s5ate unanim\sly pass$ ,s5ate          
,concurr5t ,resolution #ga1 recogniz+ ! 
,unit$ ,/ates national int]e/ 9 help+ to
 prev5t & mitigate acts ( g5ocide & o!r 
mass atrocities aga9/ civilians1 & urg+ 
! developm5t ( a :ole ( gov]nm5t approa*
 to prev5t & mitigate su* acts2 ,:]eas1 
9 ,april #bjab1 ,presid5t ,b>ack ,obama 
e/abli%$ ! ,atrocities ,prev5tion ,bo>d 
)9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates int]-ag5cy /ructure1 
*air$ by ,national ,security /aff1 to   
help id5tify & m effectively address    
atrocity ?reats1 includ+ g5ocide1 z a   
core national security int]e/ & core    
moral responsibility2 ,:]eas1 9 ,july   
#bjac1 ! ,national ,intellig5ce ,c\ncil 
complet$ ! fir/ ev] ,national           
,intellig5ce ,e/imate on ! global risk =
 mass atrocities & g5ocide2 ,:]eas1 9   
,janu>y #bjad1 ! ,national ,director (  
,intellig5ce te/ifi$ be=e ! ,select     
,committee on ,intellig5ce ( ! ,s5ate1  

/at+ t 8! ov]all risk ( mass atrocities 
worldwide w probably increase 9 #bjad & 
beyond4 ''' ,mu* ( ! _w w almo/ c]ta9ly 
turn to ! ,unit$ ,/ates = lead]%ip to   
prev5t & respond to mass atrocities402  
,:]eas1 despite measures tak5 by !      
,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t & o!r gov]nm5ts 
s9ce #aiid1 ! int]national community    
/ill faces ! *all5ges ( respond+ to     
escalation ( viol5ce1 atrocities1 &     
religi\s-bas$ conflict 9 _m corn]s ( !  
globe1 includ+ ,syria & ! ,c5tral       
,african ,republic1 & a failure ( !     
int]national community to appropriately 
respond to & address ! rapidly          
det]iorat+ situation c\ld result 9 fur!r
 atrocities2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,nations   
,security ,c\ncil 0 unable to pass a    
resolution condemn+ ! ,gov]nm5t ( ,ba%> 
al ,assad ( ,syria = ! use ( *emical    
weapons aga9/ civilians1 kill+ m ?an    
#a1djj ( 8 own p 9 ,augu/ #bjac2 &      
,:]eas ,unit$ ,nations ,secret>y-,g5]al 
,ban ,ki-moon recomm5d$ to ! ,unit$     
,nations ,security ,c\ncil ! e/abli%m5t 

( a ,unit$ ,nations peacekeep+ mission 9
 ! ,c5tral ,african ,republic ) ! prim>y
 m&ate to protect civilians3 ,n[1 !re=e1
 be x ,t ! ,s5ate-- 7#a7 recognizes !   
,unit$ ,nations designation ( ,april #g?
 z ! ,int]national ,day ( ,reflection on
 ! ,g5ocide 9 ,rw&a2  7#b7 honors !     
memory ( ! m ?an #hjj1jjj victims ( !   
,rw&an g5ocide & expresses sympa?y = ^? 
^: lives 7 =ev] *ang$ by ?is horrific   
ev5t2  7#c7 expresses support = ! p (   
,rw&a z !y rememb] ! victims ( g5ocide2 
7#d7 affirms x is 9 ! national int]e/ ( 
! ,unit$ ,/ates to "w 9 close           
coord9ation ) int]national p>tn]s to    
prev5t & mitigate acts ( g5ocide & mass 
atrocities2  7#e7 condemns ongo+ acts ( 
viol5ce & mass atrocities p]petrat$     
aga9/ innoc5t civilians 9 ,syria1 !     
,c5tral ,african ,republic1 ,s\? ,sudan1
 ,sudan & else:]e2  7#f7 urges !        
,presid5t to conf] ) ,congress on an    
ongo+ basis reg>d+ ! priorities &       
objectives ( ! ,atrocities ,prev5tion   
,bo>d2  7#g7 urges ! ,presid5t to "w )  

,congress to /r5g!n ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,gov]nm5t's ability to id5tify & m      
rapidly respond to g5ocide & mass       
atrocities 9 ord] to prev5t :]e possible
 & mitigate ! impact ( su* ev5ts2 &     
7#h7 supports ongo+ ,unit$ ,/ates &     
int]national ef=ts to-- 7,a7 /r5g!n     
multilat]al peacekeep+ capacities2  7,b7
 build capacity = democratic rule ( law1
 security sector re=m1 & o!r measures to
 improve civilian protection 9 areas (  
conflict2  7,c7 ensure measures (       
acc\ntability = p]petrators ( mass      
atrocities & crimes aga9/ humanity2 &   
7,d7 /r5g!n ! "w ( ,unit$ ,/ates &      
int]national in/itutions1 su* z !       
,holocau/ ,memorial ,museum1 :i* are    
work+ to docum5t1 id5tify1 & prev5t mass
 atrocities & inspire citiz5s & lead]s  
worldwide to confront hatr$ & prev5t    
g5ocide4  ,april #aa1 #bjad,report$ )\t 
am5dm5t