,,ii #aac? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,s4 #hci ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,april #be1 #bjac ,mr4 ,nelson 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,rockefell]1 ,mr4 ,s*atz1 & ,ms4 ,hirono7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation ,a ,,bill ,to reau?orize ! ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,act ( #bjjj1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts 7a7 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,am5dm5ts ,act ( #bjac4 7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts4 ,sec4 #b4 ,am5dm5t ( ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,act ( #bjjj4 ,sec4 #c4 ,purposes4 ,sec4 #d4 ,national coral reef action /rategy4 ,sec4 #e4 ,coral reef cons]vation program4 ,sec4 #f4 ,coral reef cons]vation fund4 ,sec4 #g4 ,agreem5ts2 r$esignations4 ,sec4 #h4 ,em]g5cy assi/ance4 ,sec4 #i4 ,national program4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,/udy ( trade 9 corals4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,int]national coral reef cons]vation activities4 ,sec4 #ab4 ,community-bas$ plann+ grants4 ,sec4 #ac4 ,vessel gr\nd+ inv5tory4 ,sec4 #ad4 ,prohibit$ activities4 ,sec4 #ae4 ,de/ruction ( coral reefs4 ,sec4 #af4 ,en=cem5t4 ,sec4 #ag4 ,p]mits4 ,sec4 #ah4 ,regional1 ,/ate1 & t]ritorial coord9ation4 ,sec4 #ai4 ,regulations4 ,sec4 #bj4 ,effectiv5ess & assessm5t report4 ,sec4 #ba4 ,au?orization ( appropriations4 ,sec4 #bb4 ,judicial review4 ,sec4 #bc4 ,def9itions4 #b4 ,am5dm5t ( ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,act ( #bjjj ,except z o!rwise expressly provid$1 :5ev] 9 ?is ,act an am5dm5t or repeal is express$ 9 t]ms ( an am5dm5t to or repeal ( a section or o!r provision1 ! ref]5ce %all be consid]$ to be made to a section or o!r provision ( ! ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,act ( #bjjj 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq474 #c4 ,purposes ,section #bjb 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja7 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #bjb4 ,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is title are-- 7#a7 to pres]ve1 su/a91 & re/ore ! condition ( coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#b7 to promote ! wise managem5t & su/a9able use ( coral reef ecosy/ems to b5efit local communities1 ! ,nation1 & ! _w2 7#c7 to develop s\nd sci5tific in=mation on ! condition ( coral reef ecosy/ems & ! ?reats to su* ecosy/ems2 7#d7 to assi/ 9 ! pres]vation ( coral reef ecosy/ems by support+ cons]vation programs1 includ+ projects t involve affect$ local communities & nongov]nm5tal organizations2 7#e7 to provide f9ancial res\rces = ^? programs & projects2 7#f7 to e/abli% a =mal me*anism = collect+ & allocat+ monet>y donations f ! private sector to be us$ = coral reef cons]vation projects2 & 7#g7 to provide me*anisms to prev5t & m9imize damage to coral reefs4 4 #d4 ,national coral reef action /rategy ,section #bjc 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjb7 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #bjc4 ,national coral reef ecosy/em action /rategy 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ! ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,am5dm5ts ,act ( #bjac1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! ,s5ate ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation & to ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces & publi% 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] a national coral reef ecosy/em action /rategy1 consi/5t ) ! purposes ( ?is title4 ,! ,secret>y %all p]iodically review & revise ! /rategy z necess>y4 ,9 develop+ ?is /rategy1 ! ,secret>y may consult ! ,coral ,reef ,task ,=ce e/abli%$ "u ,executive ,ord] #acjhi 7,june #aa1 #aiih74 7b7 ,goals & objectives ,! action /rategy %all include a /atem5t ( goals & objectives z well z an implem5tation plan1 includ+ a description ( ! funds obligat$ ea* fiscal ye> to advance coral reef cons]vation4 ,! action /rategy & implem5tation plan %all include discussion (-- 7#a7 coa/al uses & managem5t1 includ+ l&-bas$ s\rces ( pollution2 7#b7 climate *ange2 7#c7 wat] & air quality2 7#d7 mapp+ & in=mation managem5t2 7#e7 rese>*1 monitor+1 & assessm5t2 7#f7 int]national & regional issues2 7#g7 outrea* & education2 7#h7 local /rategies develop$ by ! ,/ates or ,f$]al ag5cies1 includ+ regional fi%]y managem5t c\ncils2 & 7#i7 cons]vation4 4 #e4 ,coral reef cons]vation program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,section #bjd 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjc7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ ,secret>y1 ?r\gh ! ,adm9i/rator & 9 subsection 7a7 & ins]t+ ,secret>y12 7#b7 by /rik+ subsection 7c7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7c7 ,eligibility ,any natural res\rce managem5t au?ority ( a ,/ate or o!r gov]nm5t au?ority ) jurisdiction ov] coral reef ecosy/ems1 or ^: activities directly or indirectly affect coral reef ecosy/ems1 or educational or nongov]nm5tal in/itutions ) demon/rat$ exp]tise 9 ! cons]vation ( coral reef ecosy/ems1 may submit a coral cons]vation project proposal to ! ,secret>y "u subsection 7e74 2 7#c7 by /rik+ ,geographic & ,biological 9 ! head+ = subsection 7d7 & ins]t+ ,project2 7#d7 by /rik+ p>agraph 7#c7 ( subsection 7d7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7#c7 ,rema9+ funds %all be aw>d$ =-- 7,a7 projects 7) priority giv5 to community-bas$ local action /rategies7 t address em]g+ priorities or ?reats1 includ+ int]national & t]ritorial priorities1 or ?reats id5tifi$ by ! ,secret>y2 & 7,b7 o!r appropriate projects1 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y1 includ+ monitor+ & assessm5t1 rese>*1 pollution r$uction1 education1 & te*nical support4 2 7#e7 by /rik+ subsection 7g7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7g7 ,crit]ia = approval ,! ,secret>y may n approve a project proposal "u ?is section unless ! project is consi/5t ) ! coral reef ecosy/em action /rategy "u section #bjc & w enhance ! cons]vation ( coral reef ecosy/ems nationally or int]nationally by-- 7#a7 implem5t+ coral cons]vation programs :i* promote su/a9able developm5t & ensure effective1 long-t]m cons]vation ( coral reef ecosy/ems & biodiv]sity2 7#b7 address+ ! conflicts aris+ f ! use ( environm5ts ne> coral reef ecosy/ems or f ! use ( corals1 species associat$ ) coral reef ecosy/ems1 & coral products2 7#c7 enhanc+ compliance ) laws t prohibit or regulate ! tak+ ( coral products or species associat$ ) coral reef ecosy/ems or regulate ! use & managem5t ( coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#d7 develop+ s\nd sci5tific in=mation on ! condition ( coral reef ecosy/ems or ! ?reats to su* ecosy/ems & _! biodiv]sity1 includ+ factors t cause coral disease1 ocean acidification1 & blea*+2 7#e7 promot+ & assi/+ ! implem5tation ( coop]ative coral reef ecosy/em cons]vation projects t involve affect$ local communities1 nongov]nm5tal organizations1 or o!rs 9 ! private sector2 7#f7 increas+ public k & aw>5ess ( coral reef ecosy/ems & issues reg>d+ _! long-t]m cons]vation1 includ+ h[ !y function to protect coa/al communities2 7#g7 mapp+ ! location1 di/ribution1 & biodiv]sity ( coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#h7 develop+ & implem5t+ te*niques to monitor & assess ! /atus & condition ( coral reef ecosy/ems & biodiv]sity2 7#i7 develop+ & implem5t+ co/-effective me?ods to re/ore degrad$ coral reef ecosy/ems & biodiv]sity2 7#aj7 respond+ to1 or tak+ action to help mitigate ! effects (1 coral disease1 ocean acidification1 & blea*+ ev5ts2 7#aa7 promot+ activities design$ to prev5t or m9imize damage to coral reef ecosy/ems1 includ+ ! promotion ( ecologically s\nd navigation & an*orages2 or 7#ab7 promot+ & assi/+ entities to "w ) local communities1 & all appropriate gov]nm5tal & nongov]nm5tal organizations1 to support community-bas$ plann+ & managem5t initiatives = ! protection ( coral reef ecosy/ems4 2 & 7#f7 by /rik+ coral reefs 9 subsection 7j7 & ins]t+ coral reef ecosy/ems4 7b7 ,con=m+ am5dm5ts ,subsections 7a71 7b71 7d71 7e71 7f71 7h71 7i71 & 7j7 ( section #bjd 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjc7 are ea* am5d$ by /rik+ ,adm9i/rator ea* place x appe>s & ins]t+ ,secret>y4 #f4 ,coral reef cons]vation fund ,section #bje 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjd7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ subsection 7a7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7a7 ,fund ,! ,secret>y may ent] into agreem5ts ) nonpr(it organizations promot+ coral reef ecosy/em cons]vation by au?oriz+ su* organizations to receive1 hold1 & adm9i/] funds receiv$ pursuant to ?is section4 ,su* organizations %all inve/1 re9ve/1 & o!rwise adm9i/] ! funds & ma9ta9 su* funds & any int]e/ or rev5ues e>n$ 9 a sep>ate int]e/-be>+ acc\nt 7ref]r$ to 9 section #bai7;a7 z ! ,fund7 e/abli%$ by su* organizations solely to support p>tn]%ips betwe5 ! public & private sectors t fur!r ! purposes ( ?is title & are consi/5t ) ! national coral reef ecosy/em action /rategy "u section #bjc4 2 7#b7 by /rik+ ! grant program 9 subsection 7c7 & ins]t+ any grant program2 & 7#c7 by /rik+ ,adm9i/rator 9 subsections 7c7 & 7d7 & ins]t+ ,secret>y4 #g4 ,agreem5ts2 r$esignations ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by r$esignat+ section #bjf 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdje7 z section #bjg2 7#b7 by r$esignat+ section #bjg 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjf7 z section #bjh2 7#c7 by r$esignat+ section #bjh 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjg7 z section #bah2 7#d7 by r$esignat+ section #bji 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjh7 z section #bai2 7#e7 by r$esignat+ section #baj 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdji7 z section #bba2 & 7#f7 by ins]t+ aft] section #bje 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjd7 ! foll[+3 #bjf4 ,agreem5ts 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y may execute & p]=m su* contracts1 leases1 grants1 coop]ative agreem5ts1 or o!r transactions z may be necess>y to c>ry out ! purposes ( ?is title4 7b7 ,coop]ative agreem5ts ,9 addition to ! g5]al au?ority provid$ by subsection 7a71 ! ,secret>y may ent] into1 ext5d1 or r5egotiate agreem5ts ) univ]sities & rese>* c5t]s ) national or regional coral reef rese>* in/itutes to conduct ecological rese>* & monitor+ explicitly aim$ at build+ capacity = m effective res\rce managem5t4 ,pursuant to any su* agreem5ts ^! in/itutes %all-- 7#a7 collaborate directly ) gov]nm5tal res\rce managem5t ag5cies1 non-pr(it organizations1 & o!r rese>* organizations2 7#b7 build capacity )9 res\rce managem5t ag5cies to e/abli% rese>* priorities1 plan int]discipl9>y rese>* projects1 & make effective use ( rese>* results2 & 7#c7 conduct public education & aw>5ess programs = policy mak]s1 res\rce manag]s1 & ! g5]al public on coral reef ecosy/ems1 be/ practices = coral reef & ecosy/em managem5t & cons]vation1 _! value1 & ?reats to _! su/a9ability4 7c7 ,use ( o!r ag5cies' res\rces ,= purposes relat$ to ! cons]vation1 pres]vation1 protection1 re/oration1 or replacem5t ( coral reefs or coral reef ecosy/ems & ! en=cem5t ( ?is title1 ! ,secret>y is au?oriz$ to use1 ) _! cons5t & ) or )\t reimbursem5t1 ! l&1 s]vices1 equipm5t1 p]sonnel1 & facilities ( any ,dep>tm5t1 ag5cy1 or in/rum5tality ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or ( any ,/ate1 local gov]nm5t1 tribal gov]nm5t1 ,t]ritory or possession1 or ( any political subdivision !re(1 or ( any =eign gov]nm5t or int]national organization4 7d7 ,au?ority ,to utilize grant funds 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,secret>y may apply =1 accept1 & obligate rese>* grant fund+ f any ,f$]al s\rce op]at+ competitive grant programs :]e su* fund+ fur!rs ! purpose ( ?is title4 7#b7 ,exception ,! ,secret>y may n apply =1 accept1 or obligate any grant fund+ "u p>agraph 7#a7 = :i* ! grant+ ag5cy lacks au?ority to grant funds to ,f$]al ag5cies1 or = any purpose or subject to conditions t are prohibit$ by law or regulation4 7#c7 ,grant funds ,appropriat$ funds may be us$ to satisfy a requirem5t to mat* grant funds ) recipi5t ag5cy funds1 except t no grant may be accept$ t requires a commitm5t 9 advance ( appropriations4 7#d7 ,,noaa acc\nt ,funds receiv$ f grants %all be deposit$ 9 ! ,national ,oceanic & ,atmosph]ic ,adm9i/ration acc\nt = ! purpose = :i* ! grant 0 aw>d$4 7e7 ,transf] ( funds ,"u an agreem5t ent]$ into pursuant to subsection 7a71 & subject to ! availability ( funds1 ! ,secret>y may transf] funds to1 & may accept transf]s ( funds f1 ,f$]al ag5cies1 in/rum5talities & laboratories1 ,/ate & local gov]nm5ts1 ,indian tribes 7z def9$ 9 section #d ( ! ,indian ,self-,det]m9ation & ,education ,assi/ance ,act 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #dej;b771 organizations & associations repres5t+ ,native ,am]icans1 native ,hawaiians1 & ,native ,pacific ,isl&]s1 educational in/itutions1 nonpr(it organizations1 comm]cial organizations1 & o!r public & private p]sons or entities1 except t no m ?an #e p]c5t ( funds appropriat$ to c>ry out ?is section may be transf]r$4 ,! #e p]c5t limitation %all n apply to section #bjd or section #baj4 4 #h4 ,em]g5cy assi/ance ,section #bjg 7=m]ly #af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdje71 z r$esignat$ by section #g ( ?is ,act1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #bjg4 ,em]g5cy assi/ance ,! ,secret>y1 9 coop]ation ) ! ,f$]al ,em]g5cy ,managem5t ,ag5cy1 z appropriate1 may provide assi/ance to any ,/ate1 local1 or t]ritorial gov]nm5t ag5cy ) jurisdiction ov] coral reef ecosy/ems to address any un=ese5 or disa/]-relat$ circum/ance p]ta9+ to coral reef ecosy/ems4 4 #i4 ,national program ,section #bjh 7=m]ly #af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjf71 z r$esignat$ by section #g ( ?is ,act1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #bjh4 ,national program 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to ! availability ( appropriations1 ! ,secret>y may conduct activities1 includ+ ) local1 ,/ate1 regional1 or int]national programs & p>tn]s1 z appropriate1 to cons]ve coral reef ecosy/ems1 t are consi/5t ) ?is title1 ! ,national ,m>9e ,sanctu>ies ,act1 ! ,coa/al ,zone ,managem5t ,act ( #aigb1 ! ,magnuson-,/ev5s ,fi%]y ,cons]vation & ,managem5t ,act1 ! ,endang]$ ,species ,act ( #aigc1 & ! ,m>9e ,mammal ,protection ,act ( #aigb4 7b7 ,au?oriz$ activities ,activities au?oriz$ "u subsection 7a7 include-- 7#a7 mapp+1 monitor+1 assessm5t1 re/oration1 socioeconomic & sci5tific rese>* t b5efit ! und]/&+1 su/a9able use1 biodiv]sity1 & long-t]m cons]vation ( coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#b7 enhanc+ public aw>5ess1 education1 und]/&+1 & appreciation ( coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#c7 remov+1 & provid+ assi/ance to ,/ates 9 remov+1 ab&on$ fi%+ ge>1 m>9e debris1 & ab&on$ vessels f coral reef ecosy/ems to cons]ve liv+ m>9e res\rces2 7#d7 respond+ to incid5ts & ev5ts t ?reat5 & damage coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#e7 cons]vation & managem5t ( coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#f7 c5trally ar*iv+1 manag+1 & di/ribut+ data sets & provid+ coral reef ecosy/em assessm5ts & s]vices to ! g5]al public ) local1 regional1 or int]national programs & p>tn]s2 & 7#g7 activities design$ to prev5t or m9imize damage to coral reef ecosy/ems1 includ+ ^? activities describ$ 9 section #bab7;b77#b7 ( ?is title4 7c7 ,data ar*ive1 access1 & availability ,! ,secret>y1 9 coord9ation ) simil> ef=ts at o!r ,dep>tm5ts & ag5cies %all provide = ! long-t]m /ew>d%ip ( environm5tal data1 products1 & in=mation via data process+1 /orage1 & ar*ive facilities pursuant to ?is title4 ,! ,secret>y may-- 7#a7 ar*ive environm5tal data collect$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 local ag5cies1 & tribal organizations & f$]ally fund$ rese>*2 7#b7 promote widespread availability & dissem9ation ( environm5tal data & in=mation ?r\gh full & op5 access & ex*ange to ! greate/ ext5t possible1 includ+ 9 electronic =mat on ! ,int]net2 7#c7 develop /&>ds1 protocols1 & proc$ures = %>+ ,f$]al data ) ,/ate & local gov]nm5t programs & ! private sector or academia2 & 7#d7 develop metadata /&>ds = coral reef ecosy/ems 9 accordance ) ,f$]al ,geographic ,data ,committee guidel9es4 7d7 ,em]g5cy response1 /abilization1 & re/oration 7#a7 ,e/abli%m5t ( acc\nt ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% an acc\nt 7to be call$ ! ,em]g5cy ,response1 ,/abilization1 & ,re/oration ,acc\nt7 9 ! ,damage ,assessm5t ,re/oration ,revolv+ ,fund e/abli%$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce ,appropriations ,act1 #aiia 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #bgjf note71 = implem5tation ( ?is subsection = em]g5cy actions4 ,am\nts appropriat$ = ! ,acc\nt "u section #bai1 & funds au?oriz$ by sections #bac7;d77#a77;,c77ii7 & #bad7;f77#c77;,b71 %all be deposit$ into ! ,acc\nt & made available = use by ! ,secret>y z specifi$ 9 sections #bac & #bad4 7#b7 ,deposit & inve/m5t ( c]ta9 funds ,any am\nts receiv$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates pursuant to sections #bac7;d77#a77;,c77ii7 & #bad7;f77#c77;,b7 %all be deposit$ into ! ,em]g5cy ,response1 ,/abilization1 & ,re/oration ,acc\nt e/abli%$ "u p>agraph 7#a74 ,! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce may reque/ ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury to inve/ su* portion ( ! ,damage ,assessm5t ,re/oration ,revolv+ ,fund z is n1 9 ! judgm5t ( ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 requir$ to meet ! curr5t ne$s ( ! fund4 ,su* inve/m5ts %all be made by ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury 9 public debt securities1 ) maturities suitable to ! ne$s ( ! fund1 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce & be>+ int]e/ at rates det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 tak+ into consid]ation curr5t m>ket yields on out/&+ m>ketable obligations ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( comp>able maturity4 ,int]e/ e>n$ by su* inve/m5ts %all be available = use by ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce )\t fur!r appropriation & rema9 available until exp5d$4 4 #aj4 ,/udy ( trade 9 corals 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 %all conduct a /udy on ! economic1 social1 & environm5tal values & impacts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates m>ket 9 corals & coral products4 7b7 ,cont5ts ,! /udy %all-- 7#a7 assess ! economic & o!r values ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates m>ket 9 coral & coral products1 includ+ import & export trade2 7#b7 id5tify prim>y coral species us$ 9 ! coral & coral product trade & locations ( wild h>ve/2 7#c7 assess ! environm5tal impacts associat$ ) wild h>ve/ ( coral2 7#d7 assess ! effectiv5ess ( curr5t public & private programs aim$ at promot+ cons]vation 9 ! coral & coral product trade2 7#e7 id5tify economic & o!r inc5tives = coral reef cons]vation z "p ( ! coral & coral product trade2 & 7#f7 id5tify additional actions1 if necess>y1 to ensure t ! ,unit$ ,/ates m>ket 9 coral & coral products does n contribute to ! degradation ( coral reef ecosy/ems4 7c7 ,report ,n lat] ?an #cj mon?s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! ,s5ate ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation & ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces a report ( ! /udy4 7d7 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is section #ajj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjad4 #aa4 ,int]national coral reef cons]vation activities ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #bjh1 z r$esignat$ by section #g ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #bji4 ,int]national coral reef cons]vation activities 7a7 ,int]national coral reef cons]vation activities 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all c>ry out int]national coral reef cons]vation activities consi/5t ) ! purposes ( ?is title ) respect to coral reef ecosy/ems 9 wat]s outside ! ,unit$ ,/ates jurisdiction4 ,! ,secret>y %all develop & implem5t an int]national coral reef ecosy/em /rategy pursuant to subsection 7b74 7#b7 ,coord9ation ,9 c>ry+ out ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y %all consult ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,ag5cy = ,int]national ,developm5t1 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 & o!r relevant ,f$]al ag5cies1 & relevant ,unit$ ,/ates /akehold]s1 & %all take into acc\nt coral reef ecosy/em cons]vation initiatives ( o!r nations1 int]national agreem5ts1 & int]gov]nm5tal & nongov]nm5tal organizations s z to provide effective coop]ation & effici5cies 9 int]national coral reef cons]vation4 ,! ,secret>y may consult ) ! ,coral ,reef ,task ,=ce 9 c>ry+ out ?is subsection4 7b7 ,int]national coral reef ecosy/em /rategy 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,am5dm5ts ,act ( #bjac1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! ,s5ate ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation & ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces1 & publi% 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]1 an int]national coral reef ecosy/em /rategy1 consi/5t ) ! purposes ( ?is title & ! /rategy requir$ "u section #bjc7;a74 ,! ,secret>y %all p]iodically review & revise ?is /rategy z necess>y4 7#b7 ,cont5ts ,! /rategy develop$ by ! ,secret>y "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all-- 7,a7 id5tify coral reef ecosy/ems ?r\gh\t ! _w t are ( high value = ,unit$ ,/ates m>9e res\rces1 t support high-seas res\rces ( importance to ! ,unit$ ,/ates su* z fi%]ies1 or t support o!r int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7,b7 summ>ize exi/+ activities by ,f$]al ag5cies & entities describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7 to address ! cons]vation ( coral reef ecosy/ems id5tifi$ pursuant to subp>agraph 7,a72 7,c7 e/abli% goals1 objectives1 & specific t>gets = cons]vation ( priority int]national coral reef ecosy/ems2 7,d7 describe appropriate activities to a*ieve ! goals & t>gets = int]national coral reef cons]vation1 9 p>ticul> ^? t lev]age activities already conduct$ "u ?is title2 7,e7 develop a plan to coord9ate implem5tation ( ! /rategy ) entities describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b7 9 ord] to lev]age curr5t activities "u ?is title & o!r cons]vation ef=ts globally2 7,f7 id5tify appropriate p>tn]%ips1 grants1 or o!r fund+ & te*nical assi/ance me*anisms to c>ry out ! /rategy2 & 7,g7 develop crit]ia = prioritiz+ p>tn]%ips "u subsection 7c74 7c7 ,int]national coral reef ecosy/em p>tn]%ips 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all e/abli% an int]national coral reef ecosy/em p>tn]%ip program to provide support1 includ+ fund+ & te*nical assi/ance1 = activities t implem5t ! /rategy develop$ pursuant to subsection 7b74 7#b7 ,me*anisms ,! ,secret>y %all provide su* support ?r\gh exi/+ au?orities1 work+ 9 collaboration ) ! entities describ$ 9 subsection 7a77#b74 7#c7 ,agreem5ts ,! ,secret>y may execute & p]=m su* contracts1 leases1 grants1 coop]ative agreem5ts1 or o!r transactions z may be necess>y to c>ry out ! purposes ( ?is section4 7#d7 ,transf] ( funds ,to implem5t ?is section & subject to ! availability ( funds1 ! ,secret>y may transf] funds to a =eign gov]nm5t or int]national organization1 & may accept transf]s ( funds f su* entities1 except t no m ?an #e p]c5t ( funds appropriat$ to c>ry out ?is section may be transf]r$4 7#e7 ,crit]ia = approval ,! ,secret>y may n approve a p>tn]%ip proposal "u ?is section unless ! p>tn]%ip is consi/5t ) ! int]national coral reef ecosy/em /rategy develop$ pursuant to subsection 7b71 & meets ! crit]ia specifi$ 9 t /rategy4 4 #ab4 ,community-bas$ plann+ grants ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #bji1 z add$ by section #aa ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #baj4 ,community-bas$ plann+ grants 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y may make grants to entities t h receiv$ grants "u section #bjd to provide additional funds to su* entities to "w ) local communities & ?r\gh appropriate ,f$]al & ,/ate entities to prep>e & implem5t plans = ! increas$ protection ( coral reef areas id5tifi$ by ! community & sci5tific exp]ts z high priorities = focus$ att5tion4 ,! plans %all-- 7#a7 support atta9m5t ( "o or m ( ! crit]ia describ$ 9 section #bjd7;g72 7#b7 be develop$ at ! community level2 7#c7 utilize wat]%$-bas$ approa*es2 7#d7 provide = coord9ation ) ,f$]al & ,/ate exp]ts & manag]s2 & 7#e7 build ^u local approa*es1 /rategies1 or models1 includ+ traditional or isl&-bas$ res\rce managem5t concepts4 7b7 ,t]ms & conditions ,! provisions ( subsections 7b71 7d71 7f71 & 7h7 ( section #bjd apply to grants "u subsection 7a71 except t1 = ! purpose ( apply+ section #bjd7;b77#a7 to grants "u ?is section1 #ge p]c5t %all be sub/itut$ = #ej p]c5t4 4 #ac4 ,vessel gr\nd+ inv5tory ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #baj1 z add$ by section #ab ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #baa4 ,vessel gr\nd+ inv5tory 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y may ma9ta9 an inv5tory ( all vessel gr\nd+ incid5ts involv+ coral reefs1 includ+ a description (-- 7#a7 ! impacts to affect$ coral reef ecosy/ems2 7#b7 vessel & own]%ip in=mation1 if available2 7#c7 ! e/imat$ co/ ( removal1 mitigation1 or re/oration2 7#d7 ! response action tak5 by ! own]1 ! ,secret>y1 ! ,comm&ant ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d1 or o!r ,f$]al or ,/ate ag5cy repres5tatives2 7#e7 ! /atus ( ! response action1 includ+ ! dates ( vessel removal & mitigation or re/oration & any actions tak5 to prev5t future gr\nd+ incid5ts2 & 7#f7 recomm5dations = additional navigational aids or o!r me*anisms = prev5t+ future gr\nd+ incid5ts4 7b7 ,id5tification ( at-,risk reefs ,! ,secret>y may-- 7#a7 use in=mation f any inv5tory ma9ta9$ "u subsection 7a7 or any o!r available in=mation s\rce to id5tify coral reef ecosy/ems t h a high incid5ce ( vessel impacts1 includ+ gr\nd+s & an*or damage2 7#b7 id5tify appropriate measures1 includ+ ! acquisition & placem5t ( aids to navigation1 moor+s1 designat$ an*orage areas1 fix$ an*ors1 & o!r devices1 to r$uce ! likelihood ( su* impacts2 & 7#c7 develop a /rategy & timetable to implem5t su* measures1 includ+ coop]ative actions ) o!r gov]nm5t ag5cies & non-gov]nm5tal p>tn]s4 4 #ad4 ,prohibit$ activities 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #baa1 z add$ by section #ac ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #bab4 ,prohibit$ activities & scope ( prohibitions 7a7 ,provisions z complem5t>y ,! provisions ( ?is section are 9 addition to1 & %all n affect ! op]ation (1 o!r ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local laws or regulations provid+ protection to coral reef ecosy/ems4 7b7 ,de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 x is unlawful = any p]son to de/roy1 take1 cause ! loss (1 or injure any coral reef or any compon5t !re(4 7#b7 ,exceptions ,! de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury ( a coral reef or any compon5t !re( is n unlawful if x-- 7,a7 0 caus$ by ! use ( fi%+ ge> us$ 9 a mann] p]mitt$ "u ! ,magnuson-,/ev5s ,fi%]y ,cons]vation & ,managem5t ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #ahja et seq47 or o!r ,f$]al or ,/ate law2 7,b7 0 caus$ by an activity t is au?oriz$ or all[$ by ,f$]al or ,/ate law 7includ+ lawful dis*>ges f vessels1 su* z graywat]1 cool+ wat]1 eng9e exhau/1 balla/ wat]1 or sewage f m>9e sanitation devices71 unless ! de/ruction1 loss1 or injury result$ f actions su* z vessel gr\nd+s1 vessel scrap+s1 an*or damage1 excavation n au?oriz$ by ,f$]al or ,/ate p]mit1 or o!r simil> activities2 7,c7 0 ! necess>y result ( bona fide m>9e sci5tific rese>* 7includ+ m>9e sci5tific rese>* activities approv$ by ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 or local p]mits71 o!r ?an excessive sampl+ or collect+1 or actions su* z vessel gr\nd+s1 vessel scrap+s1 an*or damage1 excavation1 or o!r simil> activities2 7,d7 0 caus$ by a ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t ag5cy-- 7i7 dur+-- 7,i7 an em]g5cy t pos$ an unacceptable ?reat to human heal? or safety or to ! m>9e environm5t2 7,,ii7 an em]g5cy t pos$ a ?reat to national security2 or 7,,iii7 an activity necess>y = law en=cem5t or se>* & rescue2 & 7ii7 c\ld n reasonably be avoid$2 or 7,e7 0 caus$ by an action tak5 by ! ma/] ( ! vessel 9 an em]g5cy situation to ensure ! safety ( ! vessel or to save a life at sea4 7c7 ,int]f]5ce ) en=cem5t ,x is unlawful = any p]son to int]f]e ) ! en=cem5t ( ?is title by-- 7#a7 refus+ to p]mit any (fic] au?oriz$ to en=ce ?is title to bo>d a vessel 7o!r ?an a vessel op]at$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se or ,unit$ ,/ates ,coa/ ,gu>d7 subject to su* p]son's control = ! purposes ( conduct+ any se>* or inspection 9 connection ) ! en=cem5t ( ?is title2 7#b7 resi/+1 oppos+1 imp$+1 intimidat+1 h>ass+1 brib+1 int]f]+ )1 or =cibly assault+ any p]son au?oriz$ by ! ,secret>y to implem5t ?is title or any su* au?oriz$ (fic] 9 ! conduct ( any se>* or inspection p]=m$ "u ?is title2 or 7#c7 submitt+ false in=mation to ! ,secret>y or any (fic] au?oriz$ to en=ce ?is title 9 connection ) any se>* or inspection conduct$ "u ?is title4 7d7 ,violations ( title1 p]mit1 or regulation ,x is unlawful = any p]son to violate any provision ( ?is title1 any p]mit issu$ pursuant to ?is title1 or any regulation promulgat$ pursuant to ?is title4 7e7 ,possession & di/ribution ,x is unlawful = any p]son to possess1 sell1 deliv]1 c>ry1 transport1 or %ip by any means any coral tak5 9 violation ( ?is title4 4 7b7 ,em]g5cy action regulations ,! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce %all initiate a rulemak+ proce$+ to prescribe ! circum/ances & conditions "u :i* ! exception 9 section #bab7;b77#b77;,e7 ( ! ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,act ( #bjjj1 z am5d$ by subsection 7a71 applies & %all issue a f9al rule pursuant to t rulemak+ z soon z practicable b n lat] ?an #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all be con/ru$ to require ! issuance ( su* regulations be=e ! exception provid$ by t section is 9 effect4 #ae4 ,de/ruction ( coral reefs ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #bab1 z add$ by section #ad ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #bac4 ,de/ruction1 loss1 or tak+ (1 or injury to1 coral reefs 7a7 ,liability 7#a7 ,liability to ! unit$ /ates ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7f71 all p]sons :o engage 9 an activity t is prohibit$ "u subsections 7b7 or 7d7 ( section #bab1 or create an imm95t risk !re(1 are liable1 jo9tly & sev]ally1 to ! ,unit$ ,/ates = an am\nt equal to ! sum (-- 7,a7 response co/s & damages result+ f ! de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury1 or imm95t risk !re(1 includ+ damages result+ f ! response actions2 7,b7 co/s ( seizure1 =feiture1 /orage1 & disposal aris+ f liability "u ?is section2 & 7,c7 int]e/ on t am\nt calculat$ 9 ! mann] describ$ 9 section #ajje ( ! ,oil ,pollution ,act ( #aiij 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #bgje74 7#b7 ,liability 9 rem 7,a7 ,any vessel us$ 9 an activity t is prohibit$ "u subsection 7b7 or 7d7 ( section #bab1 or creates an imm95t risk !re(1 %all be liable 9 rem to ! ,unit$ ,/ates = an am\nt equal to ! sum (-- 7i7 response co/s & damages result+ f su* de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury1 or imm95t risk !re(1 includ+ damages result+ f ! response actions2 7ii7 co/s ( seizure1 =feiture1 /orage1 & disposal aris+ f liability "u ?is section2 & 7iii7 int]e/ on t am\nt calculat$ 9 ! mann] describ$ 9 section #ajje ( ! ,oil ,pollution ,act ( #aiij 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #bgje74 7,b7 ,! am\nt ( liability %all con/itute a m>itime li5 on ! vessel & may be recov]$ 9 an action 9 rem 9 any di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t has jurisdiction ov] ! vessel4 7#c7 ,def5ses ,a p]son or vessel is n liable "u ?is subsection if t p]son or vessel e/abli%es t ! de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury 0 caus$ solely by an act ( ,god1 an act ( w>1 or an act or omission ( a ?ird p>ty 7o!r ?an an employee or ag5t ( ! def5dant or "o ^: act or omission occurs 9 connection ) a contractual relation%ip1 exi/+ directly or indirectly ) ! def5dant71 & ! p]son or ma/] ( ! vessel act$ ) due c>e4 7#d7 ,no limit to liability ,no?+ 9 sections #cjeja ?r\gh #cjeab or section #cjgjf ( title #df1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 %all limit liability to any p]son "u ?is title4 7b7 ,response actions & damage assessm5t 7#a7 ,response actions ,! ,secret>y may und]take or au?orize all necess>y actions to prev5t or m9imize ! de/ruction1 loss1 or tak+ (1 or injury to1 coral reefs1 or compon5ts !re(1 or to m9imize ! risk or imm95t risk ( su* de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury4 7#b7 ,damage assessm5t 7,a7 ,! ,secret>y %all assess damages 7z def9$ 9 section #bba7h77 to coral reefs & %all consult ) ,/ate (ficials reg>d+ response & damage assessm5t actions und]tak5 = coral reefs )9 ,/ate wat]s4 7,b7 ,!re %all be no d\ble recov]y "u ?is *apt] = coral reef damages1 includ+ ! co/ ( damage assessm5t1 = ! same incid5t4 7c7 ,comm5cem5t ( civil action = response co/s & damages 7#a7 ,comm5cem5t ,! ,attorney ,g5]al1 ^u ! reque/ ( ! ,secret>y1 may comm5ce a civil action aga9/ any p]son or vessel t may be liable "u subsection 7a7 ( ?is section = response co/s1 seizure1 =feiture1 /orage1 or disposal co/s1 & damages1 & int]e/ on t am\nt calculat$ 9 ! mann] describ$ 9 section #ajje ( ! ,oil ,pollution ,act ( #aiij 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #bgje74 ,! ,secret>y1 act+ z tru/ee = coral reefs = ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 %all submit a reque/ = su* an action to ! ,attorney ,g5]al :5ev] a p]son or vessel may be liable = su* co/s or damages4 7#b7 ,v5ue 9 civil actions ,a civil action "u ?is title may be br\ght 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = any di/rict 9 :i*-- 7,a7 ! def5dant is locat$1 resides1 or is do+ bus9ess1 9 ! case ( an action aga9/ a p]son2 7,b7 ! vessel is locat$1 9 ! case ( an action aga9/ a vessel2 7,c7 ! de/ruction1 loss1 or tak+ (1 or injury to a coral reef1 or compon5t !re(1 occurr$ or 9 :i* !re is an imm95t risk ( su* de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury2 or 7,d7 :]e "s or all ( ! coral reef or compon5t !re( t is ! subject ( ! action is n )9 ! t]ritory cov]$ by any ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt1 su* action may be br\ght ei!r 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = ! di/rict close/ to ! location :]e ! de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 injury1 or risk ( injury occurr$1 or 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4 7d7 ,use ( recov]$ am\nts 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any co/s1 includ+ response co/s & damages recov]$ by ! ,secret>y "u ?is section %all-- 7,a7 be deposit$ into an acc\nt or acc\nts 9 ! ,damage ,assessm5t ,re/oration ,revolv+ ,fund e/abli%$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce ,appropriations ,act1 #aiia 7#cc ,u4,s4,c4 #bgjf note71 or ! ,natural ,res\rce ,damage ,assessm5t & ,re/oration ,fund e/abli%$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior & ,relat$ ,ag5cies ,appropriations ,act1 #aiib 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #adgd;b71 z appropriate giv5 ! location ( ! violation2 7,b7 be available = use by ! ,secret>y )\t fur!r appropriation & rema9 available until exp5d$2 & 7,c7 be = use1 z ! ,secret>y consid]s appropriate-- 7i7 to reimburse ! ,secret>y or any o!r ,f$]al or ,/ate ag5cy t conduct$ activities "u subsection 7a7 or 7b7 ( ?is section = co/s incurr$ 9 conduct+ ! activity2 7ii7 to be transf]r$ to ! ,em]g5cy ,response1 ,/abilization1 & ,re/oration ,acc\nt e/abli%$ "u section #bjh7;d7 to reimburse t acc\nt = am\nts us$ = au?oriz$ em]g5cy actions2 & 7iii7 aft] reimbursem5t ( su* co/s1 to re/ore1 replace1 or acquire ! equival5t ( any coral reefs1 or compon5ts !re(1 includ+ ! reasonable co/s ( monitor+1 or to m9imize or prev5t ?reats ( equival5t injury to1 or de/ruction ( coral reefs1 or compon5ts !re(4 7#b7 ,re/oration consid]ations ,9 developm5t ( re/oration alt]natives "u p>agraph 7#a77;,c71 ! ,secret>y %all consid] ,/ate & t]ritorial pref]5ces &1 if appropriate1 %all prioritize re/oration projects ) geographic & ecological l9kages to ! injur$ res\rces4 7e7 ,/atute ( limitations ,an action = response co/s or damages "u subsection 7c7 %all be b>r$ unless ! compla9t is fil$ n lat] ?an #c ye>s aft] ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y completes a damage assessm5t & re/oration plan = ! coral reefs1 or compon5ts !re(1 to :i* ! action relates4 7f7 ,f$]al gov]nm5t activities ,9 ! ev5t ( ?reat5$ or actual de/ruction (1 loss (1 tak+ (1 or injury to a coral reef or compon5t !re( result+ f an incid5t caus$ by a compon5t ( any ,dep>tm5t or ag5cy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t1 ! cognizant ,dep>tm5t or ag5cy %all satisfy its obligations "u ?is section by promptly1 9 coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y1 tak+ appropriate actions to respond to & mitigate ! h>m & re/or+ or replac+ ! coral reef or compon5ts !re( & reimburs+ ! ,secret>y = all assessm5t co/s4 7g7 ,uni=m$ s]vice (fic]s & employees ,no (fic] or employee ( a uni=m$ s]vice 7z def9$ 9 section #aja ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code7 %all be held liable "u ?is section1 ei!r 9 su* (fic]'s or employee's p]sonal or (ficial capacity1 = any violation ( section #bab occurr+ dur+ ! p]=mance ( ! (fic]'s or employee's (ficial gov]nm5tal duties4 7h7 ,contract employees ,no contract employee ( a uni=m$ s]vice 7z def9$ 9 section #aja ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code71 s]v+ z vessel ma/] or crew memb]1 %all be liable "u ?is section = any violation ( section #bab if t contract employee-- 7#a7 is act+ z a contract employee ( a uni=m$ s]vice "u ! t]ms ( an op]at+ contract = a vessel own$ by a uni=m$ s]vice1 or a "t *>t] = pre-position$ vessels1 special mission vessels1 or vessels exclusively transport+ milit>y supplies & mat]ials2 & 7#b7 is engag$ 9 an action or actions ov] :i* su* employee has be5 giv5 no discretion 7su* z1 an*or+ or moor+ at "o or m designat$ an*orages or buoys1 or execut+ specific op]ational elem5ts ( a special mission activity71 z det]m9$ by ! uni=m$ s]vice controll+ ! contract4 4 #af4 ,en=cem5t ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #bac1 z add$ by section #ae ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #bad4 ,en=cem5t 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y %all conduct en=cem5t activities to c>ry out ?is title4 7b7 ,p[]s ( au?oriz$ (fic]s 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,any p]son :o is au?oriz$ to en=ce ?is title may-- 7,a7 bo>d1 se>*1 inspect1 & seize any vessel or o!r conveyance suspect$ ( be+ us$ to violate ?is title1 any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title1 or any p]mit issu$ "u ?is title1 & any equipm5t1 /ores1 & c>go ( su* vessel1 except t su* au?ority %all n exi/ ) respect to vessels own$ or "t *>t]$ by a uni=m$ s]vice 7z def9$ 9 section #aja ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code7 z w>%ips or naval auxili>ies2 7,b7 seize :]ev] f\nd any compon5t ( coral reef tak5 or reta9$ 9 violation ( ?is title1 any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title1 or any p]mit issu$ "u ?is title2 7,c7 seize any evid5ce ( a violation ( ?is title1 any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title1 or any p]mit issu$ "u ?is title2 7,d7 execute any w>rant or o!r process issu$ by any c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction2 7,e7 ex]cise any o!r lawful au?ority2 & 7,f7 arre/ any p]son1 if !re is reasonable cause to believe t su* p]son has committ$ an act prohibit$ by section #bab4 7#b7 ,naval auxili>y def9$ ,9 ?is subsection1 ! t]m naval auxili>y means a vessel1 o!r ?an a w>%ip1 t is own$ by or "u ! exclusive control ( a uni=m$ s]vice & us$ at ! "t ( ! de/ruction1 tak+1 loss or injury = gov]nm5t1 non-comm]cial s]vice1 includ+ combat logi/ics =ce vessels1 pre-position$ vessels1 special mission vessels1 or vessels exclusively us$ to transport milit>y supplies & mat]ials4 7c7 ,civil en=cem5t & p]mit sanctions 7#a7 ,civil adm9i/rative p5alty ,any p]son subject to ! jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o violates ?is title or any regulation promulgat$ or p]mit issu$ h]eund]1 %all be liable to ! ,unit$ ,/ates = a civil adm9i/rative p5alty ( n m ?an #bjj1jjj = ea* su* violation1 to be assess$ by ! ,secret>y4 ,ea* day ( a cont9u+ violation %all con/itute a sep>ate violation4 ,9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( civil adm9i/rative p5alty1 ! ,secret>y %all take into acc\nt ! nature1 circum/ances1 ext5t1 & gravity ( ! prohibit$ acts committ$ &1 ) respect to ! violator1 ! degree ( culpability1 & any hi/ory ( prior violations1 & su* o!r matt]s z ju/ice may require4 ,9 assess+ su* p5alty1 ! ,secret>y may also consid] in=mation relat$ to ! ability ( ! violator to pay4 7#b7 ,p]mit sanctions ,= any p]son subject to ! jurisdiction ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o has be5 issu$ or has appli$ = a p]mit "u ?is title1 & :o violates ?is title or any regulation or p]mit issu$ "u ?is title1 ! ,secret>y may d5y1 susp5d1 am5d1 or revoke 9 :ole or 9 "p any su* p]mit4 ,= any p]son :o has fail$ to pay or default$ on a paym5t agreem5t ( any civil p5alty or crim9al f9e or liability assess$ pursuant to any natural res\rce law adm9i/]$ by ! ,secret>y1 ! ,secret>y may d5y1 susp5d1 am5d or revoke 9 :ole or 9 "p any p]mit issu$ or appli$ = "u ?is title4 7#c7 ,imposition ( civil judicial p5alties ,any p]son :o violates any provision ( ?is title1 any regulation promulgat$ or p]mit issu$ !reund]1 %all be subject to a civil judicial p5alty n to exce$ #bej1jjj = ea* su* violation4 ,ea* day ( a cont9u+ violation %all con/itute a sep>ate violation4 ,! ,attorney ,g5]al1 ^u ! reque/ ( ! ,secret>y1 may comm5ce a civil action 9 an appropriate di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & su* c\rt %all h jurisdiction to aw>d civil p5alties & su* o!r relief z ju/ice may require4 ,9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( a civil p5alty1 ! c\rt %all take into acc\nt ! nature1 circum/ances1 ext5t1 & gravity ( ! prohibit$ acts committ$ &1 ) respect to ! violator1 ! degree ( culpability1 any hi/ory ( prior violations1 & su* o!r matt]s z ju/ice may require4 ,9 impos+ su* p5alty1 ! di/rict c\rt may also consid] in=mation relat$ to ! ability ( ! violator to pay4 7#d7 ,notice ,no p5alty or p]mit sanction %all be assess$ "u ?is subsection until aft] ! p]son *>g$ has be5 giv5 notice & an opportunity = a he>+4 7#e7 ,9 rem jurisdiction ,a vessel us$ 9 violat+ ?is title1 any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title1 or any p]mit issu$ "u ?is title1 %all be liable 9 rem = any civil p5alty assess$ = su* violation4 ,su* p5alty %all con/itute a m>itime li5 on ! vessel & may be recov]$ 9 an action 9 rem 9 ! di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates hav+ jurisdiction ov] ! vessel4 7#f7 ,collection ( p5alties ,if any p]son fails to pay an assessm5t ( a civil p5alty "u ?is section aft] x has become a f9al & unappealable ord]1 or aft] ! appropriate c\rt has ent]$ f9al judgm5t 9 favor ( ! ,secret>y1 ! ,secret>y %all ref] ! matt] to ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 :o %all recov] ! am\nt assess$ 9 any appropriate di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7plus int]e/ at curr5t prevail+ rates f ! date ( ! f9al ord]74 ,9 su* action1 ! validity & appropriat5ess ( ! f9al ord] impos+ ! civil p5alty %all n be subject to review4 ,any p]son :o fails to pay1 on a timely basis1 ! am\nt ( an assessm5t ( a civil p5alty %all be requir$ to pay1 9 addition to su* am\nt & int]e/1 attorney's fees & co/s = collection proce$+s & a qu>t]ly nonpaym5t p5alty = ea* qu>t] dur+ :i* su* failure to pay p]si/s4 ,su* nonpaym5t p5alty %all be 9 an am\nt equal to #bj p]c5t ( ! aggregate am\nt ( su* p]son's p5alties & nonpaym5t p5alties t are unpaid z ( ! beg9n+ ( su* qu>t]4 7#g7 ,compromise or o!r action by secret>y ,! ,secret>y may compromise1 modify1 or remit1 ) or )\t conditions1 any civil adm9i/rative p5alty or p]mit sanction :i* is or may be impos$ "u ?is section & t has n be5 ref]r$ to ! ,attorney ,g5]al = fur!r en=cem5t action4 7#h7 ,jurisdiction ,! sev]al di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all h jurisdiction ov] any actions br\ght by ! ,unit$ ,/ates aris+ "u ?is section4 ,= ! purpose ( ?is section1 ,am]ican ,samoa %all be includ$ )9 ! judicial di/rict ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,di/rict ( ,hawaii4 ,ea* violation %all be a sep>ate (f5se & ! (f5se %all be deem$ to h be5 committ$ n only 9 ! di/rict :]e ! violation fir/ occurr$1 b also 9 any o!r di/rict z au?oriz$ by law4 7d7 ,=feiture 7#a7 ,crim9al =feiture 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a p]son :o is convict$ ( an (f5se 9 violation ( ?is title %all =feit to ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7i7 any prop]ty1 real or p]sonal1 con/itut+ or traceable to ! gross proce$s tak51 obta9$1 or reta9$1 9 connection ) or z a result ( ! (f5se1 includ+1 )\t limitation1 any coral reef or coral reef compon5t 7or ! fair m>ket value !re(72 & 7ii7 any prop]ty1 real or p]sonal1 us$ or int5d$ to be us$1 9 any mann]1 to commit or facilitate ! commission ( ! (f5se1 includ+1 )\t limitation1 any vessel 7includ+ ! vessel's equipm5t1 /ores1 cat* & c>go71 vehicle1 aircraft1 or o!r means ( transportation4 7,b7 ,applicable provisions ,pursuant to section #bdfa7;c7 ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 ! provisions ( section #dac ( ! ,controll$ ,sub/ances ,act 7#ba ,u4,s4,c4 #hec7 o!r ?an subsection 7d7 !re( %all apply to crim9al =feitures "u ?is section4 7#b7 ,civil =feiture ,! prop]ty set =? bel[ %all be subject to =feiture to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 accordance ) ! provisions ( *apt] #df ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 & no prop]ty "r %all exi/ 9 x3 7,a7 ,any prop]ty1 real or p]sonal1 con/itut+ or traceable to ! gross proce$s tak51 obta9$1 or reta9$1 9 connection ) or z a result ( a violation ( ?is title1 includ+1 )\t limitation1 any coral reef or coral reef compon5t 7or ! fair m>ket value !re(74 7,b7 ,any prop]ty1 real or p]sonal1 us$ or int5d$ to be us$1 9 any mann]1 to commit or facilitate ! commission ( a violation ( ?is title1 includ+1 )\t limitation1 any vessel 7includ+ ! vessel's equipm5t1 /ores1 cat* & c>go71 vehicle1 aircraft1 or o!r means ( transportation4 7#c7 ,application ( ! cu/oms laws ,all provisions ( law relat+ to seizure1 summ>y judgm5t1 & judicial =feiture & condemnation = violation ( ! cu/oms laws1 ! disposition ( ! prop]ty =feit$ or condemn$ or ! proce$s f ! sale !re(1 ! remission or mitigation ( su* =feitures1 & ! compromise ( claims %all apply to seizures & =feitures incurr$1 or alleg$ to h be5 incurr$1 "u ! provisions ( ?is title1 ins(> z applicable & n inconsi/5t ) ! provisions h]e(4 ,= seizures & =feitures ( prop]ty "u ?is section by ! ,secret>y1 su* duties z are impos$ ^u ! cu/oms (fic] or any o!r p]son ) respect to ! seizure & =feiture ( prop]ty "u ! cu/oms law may be p]=m$ by su* (fic]s z are designat$ by ! ,secret>y or1 ^u reque/ ( ! ,secret>y1 by any o!r ag5cy t has au?ority to manage & dispose ( seiz$ prop]ty4 7#d7 ,presumption ,= ! purposes ( ?is section !re is a rebuttable presumption t all coral reefs1 or compon5ts !re(1 f\nd on bo>d a vessel t is us$ or seiz$ 9 connection ) a violation ( ?is title or ( any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title 7 tak51 obta9$1 or reta9$ 9 violation ( ?is title or ( a regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title4 7e7 ,paym5t ( /orage1 c>e1 & o!r co/s ,any p]son assess$ a civil p5alty = a violation ( ?is title or ( any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title & any claimant 9 a =feiture action br\ght = su* a violation1 %all be liable = ! reasonable co/s incurr$ by ! ,secret>y 9 /orage1 c>e1 & ma9t5ance ( any prop]ty seiz$ 9 connection ) ! violation4 7f7 ,exp5ditures 7#a7 ,not)/&+ section #ccjb ( title #ca1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 or section #caa ( ! ,magnuson-,/ev5s ,fi%]y ,cons]vation & ,managem5t ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #ahfa71 am\nts receiv$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z civil p5alties "u subsection 7c7 ( ?is section1 =feitures ( prop]ty "u subsection 7d7 ( ?is section1 & co/s impos$ "u subsection 7e7 ( ?is section1 %all-- 7,a7 be plac$ into an acc\nt2 7,b7 be available = use by ! ,secret>y )\t fur!r appropriation2 & 7,c7 rema9 available until exp5d$4 7#b7 ,am\nts receiv$ "u ?is section = =feitures "u subsection 7d7 & co/s impos$ "u subsection 7e7 %all be us$ to pay ! reasonable & necess>y co/s incurr$ by ! ,secret>y to provide tempor>y /orage1 c>e1 ma9t5ance1 & disposal ( any prop]ty seiz$ 9 connection ) a violation ( ?is title or any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title4 7#c7 ,am\nts receiv$ "u ?is section z civil p5alties "u subsection 7c7 ( ?is section & any am\nts rema9+ aft] ! op]ation ( p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is subsection %all-- 7,a7 be us$ to /abilize1 re/ore1 or o!rwise manage ! coral reef ) respect to :i* ! violation occurr$ t result$ 9 ! p5alty or =feiture2 7,b7 be transf]r$ to ! ,em]g5cy ,response1 ,/abilization1 & ,re/oration ,acc\nt e/abli%$ "u section #bjh7;d7 or an acc\nt describ$ 9 section #bac7;d77#a7 ( ?is title1 to reimburse su* acc\nt = am\nts us$ = au?oriz$ em]g5cy actions2 7,c7 be us$ to conduct monitor+ & en=cem5t activities2 7,d7 be us$ to conduct rese>* on te*niques to /abilize & re/ore coral reefs2 7,e7 be us$ to conduct activities t prev5t or r$uce ! likelihood ( future damage to coral reefs2 7,f7 be us$ to /abilize1 re/ore or o!rwise manage any o!r coral reef2 or 7,g7 be us$ to pay a rew>d to any p]son :o furni%es in=mation lead+ to an assessm5t ( a civil p5alty1 or to a =feiture ( prop]ty1 = a violation ( ?is title or any regulation promulgat$ "u ?is title4 7g7 ,crim9al en=cem5t 7#a7 ,any p]son 7o!r ?an a =eign gov]nm5t or any entity ( su* gov]nm5t7 :o kn[+ly commits any act prohibit$ by section #bab7;c7 ( ?is title %all be imprison$ = n m ?an #e ye>s & %all be f9$ n m ?an #ejj1jjj = individuals or #a1jjj1jjj = an organization2 except t if 9 ! commission ( any su* (f5se ! individual uses a dang]\s weapon1 engages 9 conduct t causes bodily injury to any (fic] au?oriz$ to en=ce ! provisions ( ?is title1 or places any su* (fic] 9 fe> ( imm95t bodily injury1 ! maximum t]m ( imprisonm5t is n m ?an #aj ye>s4 7#b7 ,any p]son 7o!r ?an a =eign gov]nm5t or any entity ( su* gov]nm5t7 :o kn[+ly violates subsection 7b71 7d71 or 7e7 ( section #bab %all be f9$ "u title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 or imprison$ n m ?an #e ye>s or bo?4 7#c7 ,any p]son 7o!r ?an a =eign gov]nm5t or any entity ( su* gov]nm5t7 :o violates subsection 7b71 7d71 or 7e7 ( section #bab1 & :o1 9 ! ex]cise ( due c>e %\ld "k t su* p]son's conduct violates subsection 7b71 7d71 or 7e7 ( section #bab1 %all be f9$ "u title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 or imprison$ n m ?an #a ye>1 or bo?4 7#d7 ,! sev]al di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all h jurisdiction ov] any actions br\ght by ! ,unit$ ,/ates aris+ "u ?is subsection4 ,= ! purpose ( ?is subsection1 ,am]ican ,samoa %all be includ$ )9 ! judicial di/rict ( ! ,di/rict ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,di/rict ( ,hawaii4 ,ea* violation %all be a sep>ate (f5se & ! (f5se %all be deem$ to h be5 committ$ n only 9 ! di/rict :]e ! violation fir/ occurr$1 b also 9 any o!r di/rict z au?oriz$ by law4 ,any (f5ses n committ$ 9 any di/rict are subject to ! v5ue provisions ( section #cbch ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7h7 ,subpo5as ,9 ! case ( any inve/igation or he>+ "u ?is section or any o!r natural res\rce /atute adm9i/]$ by ! ,national ,oceanic & ,atmosph]ic ,adm9i/ration :i* is det]m9$ on ! record 9 accordance ) ! proc$ures provid$ = "u section #eed ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 ! ,secret>y may issue subpo5as = ! att5dance & te/imony ( witnesses & ! production ( relevant pap]s1 books1 electronic files1 & docum5ts1 & may adm9i/] oa?s4 7i7 ,coa/ gu>d au?ority n limit$ ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be consid]$ to limit ! au?ority ( ! ,coa/ ,gu>d to en=ce ?is or any o!r ,f$]al law "u section #hi ( title #ad1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7j7 ,injunctive relief 7#a7 ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t !re is an imm95t risk ( de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury to a coral reef1 or t !re has be5 actual de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury to1 a coral reef :i* may give rise to liability "u section #bac ( ?is title1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 ^u reque/ ( ! ,secret>y1 %all seek to obta9 su* relief z may be necess>y to abate su* risk or actual de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury1 or to re/ore or replace ! coral reef1 or bo?4 ,! di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all h jurisdiction 9 su* a case to ord] su* relief z ! public int]e/ & ! equities ( ! case may require4 7#b7 ,^u ! reque/ ( ! ,secret>y1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al may seek to enjo9 any p]son :o is alleg$ to be 9 violation ( any provision ( ?is title1 or any regulation or p]mit issu$ "u ?is title1 & ! di/rict c\rts %all h jurisdiction to grant su* relief4 7k7 ,area ( application & en=ceability ,! area ( application & en=ceability ( ?is title includes ! int]nal wat]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! t]ritorial sea ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z describ$ 9 ,presid5tial ,proclamation #eibh ( ,decemb] #bg1 #aihh1 ! ,exclusive ,economic ,zone ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates z describ$ 9 ,presid5tial ,proclamation #ejcj ( ,m>* #aj1 #aihc1 & ! cont95tal %elf1 consi/5t ) int]national law4 7l7 ,nationwide s]vice ( process ,9 any action by ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u ?is title1 process may be s]v$ 9 any di/rict :]e ! def5dant is f\nd1 resides1 transacts bus9ess1 or has appo9t$ an ag5t = ! s]vice ( process1 & = civil cases may also be s]v$ 9 a place n )9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 accordance ) rule #d ( ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,civil ,proc$ure4 7m7 ,v5ue 9 civil actions ,a civil action "u ?is title may be br\ght 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = any di/rict 9 :i*-- 7#a7 ! def5dant is locat$1 resides1 or is do+ bus9ess1 9 ! case ( an action aga9/ a p]son2 7#b7 ! vessel is locat$1 9 ! case ( an action aga9/ a vessel2 7#c7 ! de/ruction (1 loss (1 or injury to a coral reef1 or compon5t !re(1 occurr$ or 9 :i* !re is an imm95t risk ( su* de/ruction1 loss1 or injury2 or 7#d7 :]e "s or all ( ! coral reef or compon5t !re( t is ! subject ( ! action is n )9 ! t]ritory cov]$ by any ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt1 su* action may be br\ght ei!r 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = ! di/rict close/ to ! location :]e ! de/ruction1 loss1 injury1 or risk ( injury occurr$1 or 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! ,di/rict ( ,columbia4 7n7 ,uni=m$ s]vice (fic]s & employees ,no (fic] or employee ( a uni=m$ s]vice 7z def9$ 9 section #aja ( title #aj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code7 %all be held liable "u ?is section1 ei!r 9 su* (fic]'s or employee's p]sonal or (ficial capacity1 = any violation ( section #bab occurr+ dur+ ! p]=mance ( ! (fic]'s or employee's (ficial gov]nm5tal duties4 7o7 ,contract employees ,no contract employee ( a uni=m$ s]vice 7z s def9$71 s]v+ z vessel ma/] or crew memb]1 %all be liable "u ?is section = any violation ( section #bab if t contract employee-- 7#a7 is act+ z a contract employee ( a uni=m$ s]vice "u ! t]ms ( an op]at+ contract = a vessel own$ by a uni=m$ s]vice1 or a "t *>t] = pre-position$ vessels1 special mission vessels1 or vessels exclusively transport+ milit>y supplies & mat]ials2 & 7#b7 is engag$ 9 an action or actions ov] :i* su* employee has be5 giv5 no discretion 7e4g41 an*or+ or moor+ at "o or m designat$ an*orages or buoys1 or execut+ specific op]ational elem5ts ( a special mission activity71 z det]m9$ by ! uni=m$ s]vice controll+ ! contract4 4 #ag4 ,p]mits ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #bad1 z add$ by section #af ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #bae4 ,p]mits 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y may all[ = ! conduct (-- 7#a7 bona fide rese>*1 & 7#b7 activities t w\ld o!rwise be prohibit$ by ?is title or regulations issu$ !reund]1 ?r\gh issuance ( coral reef cons]vation p]mits 9 accordance ) regulations issu$ "u ?is title4 7b7 ,limitation ( non-,rese>* activities ,! ,secret>y may n issue a p]mit = activities o!r ?an = bona fide rese>* unless ! ,secret>y f9ds-- 7#a7 ! activity propos$ to be conduct$ is compatible ) "o or m ( ! purposes 9 section #bjb ( ?is title2 7#b7 ! activity con=ms to ! provisions ( all o!r laws & regulations applicable to ! area = :i* su* p]mit is to be issu$2 & 7#c7 !re is no practicable alt]native to conduct+ ! activity 9 a mann] t de/roys1 causes ! loss (1 or injures any coral reef or any compon5t !re(4 7c7 ,t]ms & conditions ,! ,secret>y may place any t]ms & conditions on a p]mit issu$ "u ?is section t ! ,secret>y deems reasonable4 7d7 ,fees 7#a7 ,assessm5t & collection ,subject to regulations issu$ "u ?is title1 ! ,secret>y may assess & collect fees z specifi$ 9 ?is subsection4 7#b7 ,am\nt ,any fee assess$ %all be equal to ! sum (-- 7,a7 all co/s incurr$1 or expect$ to be incurr$1 by ! ,secret>y 9 process+ ! p]mit application1 includ+ indirect co/s2 & 7,b7 if ! p]mit is approv$1 all co/s incurr$1 or expect$ to be incurr$1 by ! ,secret>y z a direct result ( ! conduct ( ! activity = :i* ! p]mit is issu$1 includ+ co/s ( monitor+ ! conduct ( ! activity & educat+ ! public ab\t ! activity & coral reef res\rces relat$ to ! activity4 7#c7 ,use ( fees ,am\nts collect$ by ! ,secret>y 9 ! =m ( fees "u ?is section %all be collect$ & available = use only to ! ext5t provid$ 9 advance 9 appropriations ,acts & may be us$ by ! ,secret>y = issu+ & adm9i/]+ p]mits "u ?is section4 7#d7 ,waiv] or r$uction ( fees ,= any fee assess$ "u p>agraph 7#b71 ! ,secret>y may-- 7,a7 accept 9-k9d contributions 9 lieu ( a fee2 or 7,b7 waive or r$uce ! fee4 7e7 ,fi%+ ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be consid]$ to require a p]son to obta9 a p]mit "u ?is section = ! conduct ( any fi%+ activities n prohibit$ by ?is title or regulations issu$ !reund]4 4 #ah4 ,regional1 ,/ate1 & t]ritorial coord9ation ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #bae1 z add$ by section #ag ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #baf4 ,regional1 /ate1 & t]ritorial coord9ation 7a7 ,regional coord9ation ,! ,secret>y & o!r ,f$]al memb]s ( ! ,coral ,reef ,task ,=ce %all "w 9 coord9ation & collaboration ) o!r ,f$]al ag5cies1 ,/ates1 & ,unit$ ,/ates t]ritorial gov]nm5ts to implem5t ! /rategies develop$ "u section #bjc1 includ+ regional & local /rategies1 to address multiple ?reats to coral reefs & coral reef ecosy/ems4 7b7 ,response & re/oration activities ,! ,secret>y %all ent] into writt5 agreem5ts ) ea* ,/ate 9 :i* coral reefs are locat$ reg>d+ ! mann] 9 :i* response & re/oration activities w be conduct$ )9 ! affect$ ,/ate's wat]s4 ,no?+ 9 ?is subsection %all be con/ru$ to limit ,f$]al response & re/oration activity au?ority be=e any su* agreem5t is f9al4 7c7 ,coop]ative en=cem5t agreem5ts ,all coop]ative en=cem5t agreem5ts 9 effect at ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,coral ,reef ,cons]vation ,am5dm5ts ,act ( #bjac1 betwe5 ! ,secret>y & ,/ates affect$ by ?is title %all be updat$ to include en=cem5t ( ?is title :]e appropriate4 4 #ai4 ,regulations ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #baf1 z add$ by section #ah1 ! foll[+3 #bag4 ,regulations ,! ,secret>y may issue su* regulations z are necess>y & appropriate to c>ry out ! purposes ( ?is title4 ,?is title & any regulations promulgat$ "u ?is title %all be appli$ 9 accordance ) int]national law4 ,no re/rictions %all apply to or be en=c$ aga9/ a p]son :o is n a citiz51 national1 or resid5t ali5 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7includ+ =eign flag vessels7 unless 9 accordance ) int]national law4 4 #bj4 ,effectiv5ess & assessm5t report ,section #bah 7=m]ly #af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjg71 z r$esignat$ by section #g ( ?is ,act1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #bah4 ,effectiv5ess & assessm5t report 7a7 ,effectiv5ess report ,n lat] ?an ,m>* #a1 #bjac1 & e #c ye>s !reaft]1 ! ,secret>y %all submit to ! ,s5ate ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation & ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces a report describ+ all activities und]tak5 to implem5t ! /rategies1 includ+-- 7#a7 a description ( ! funds obligat$ by ea* p>ticipat+ ,f$]al ag5cy to advance coral reef cons]vation dur+ ea* ( ! #c fiscal ye>s next prec$+ ! fiscal ye> 9 :i* ! report is submitt$2 7#b7 a description ( ,f$]al int]ag5cy & coop]ative ef=ts ) ,/ates & ,unit$ ,/ates t]ritories to prev5t or address ov]h>ve/+1 coa/al run(f1 or o!r an?ropog5ic impacts on coral reefs1 includ+ projects und]tak5 ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy1 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,army ,corps ( ,eng9e]s2 7#c7 a summ>y ( ! in=mation conta9$ 9 ! vessel gr\nd+ inv5tory e/abli%$ "u section #baa1 includ+ additional au?orization or fund+1 ne$$ = response & removal ( su* vessels2 & 7#d7 a description ( ,f$]al disa/] response actions tak5 pursuant to ! ,national ,response ,plan to address damage to coral reefs & coral reef ecosy/ems4 7b7 ,assessm5t report ,n lat] ?an ,m>* #a1 #bjaf1 & e #e ye>s !reaft]1 ! ,secret>y w submit to ! ,s5ate ,committee on ,comm]ce1 ,sci5ce1 & ,transportation & ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces an assessm5t ( ! conditions ( ,u4,s4 coral reefs1 accompli%m5ts "u ?is title1 & ! effectiv5ess ( managem5t actions to address ?reats to coral reefs4 4 #ba4 ,au?orization ( appropriations ,section #bai 7=m]ly #af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdjh71 z r$esignat$ by section #g ( ?is ,act1 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by /rik+ #af1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjja1 #bjjb1 #bjjc1 & #bjjd1 9 subsection 7a7 & ins]t+ #cd1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjac1 #cf1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjad1 #ch1jjj1jjj = fiscal ye> #bjae1 & #dj1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjaf ?r\gh #bjag1 ( :i* no less ?an #bd p]c5t p] ye> 7= ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjac ?r\gh #bjag7 %all be us$ = ! grant program "u section #bjd1 no less ?an #f p]c5t %all be us$ = ,fi%]y ,managem5t ,c\ncils1 & up to #aj p]c5t p] ye> %all be us$ = ! ,fund e/abli%$ "u section #bje7;a712 7#b7 by /rik+ #a1jjj1jjj 9 subsection 7b7 & ins]t+ #b1jjj1jjj2 7#c7 by /rik+ subsection 7c7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7c7 ,community-,bas$ plann+ grants ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y to c>ry out section #baj #aj1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjac ?r\gh #bjag1 to rema9 available until exp5d$4 2 & 7#d7 by /rik+ subsection 7d7 & ins]t+ ! foll[+3 7d7 ,int]national coral reef cons]vation program ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y to c>ry out section #bji #h1jjj1jjj = ea* ( fiscal ye>s #bjac ?r\gh #bjag1 to rema9 available until exp5d$4 4 #bb4 ,judicial review ,! ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #bai1 z r$esignat$ by section #g ( ?is ,act1 ! foll[+3 #bbj4 ,judicial review 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,*apt] #g ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 is n applicable to any action tak5 by ! ,secret>y "u ?is title1 except t-- 7#a7 review ( any f9al ag5cy action ( ! ,secret>y tak5 pursuant to sections #bad7;c77#a7 & #bad7;c77#b7 may be _h only by ! fil+ ( a compla9t by an int]e/$ p]son 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,di/rict ,c\rt = ! appropriate di/rict2 any su* compla9t %all be fil$ n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date su* f9al ag5cy action is tak52 & 7#b7 review ( any f9al ag5cy action ( ! ,secret>y tak5 pursuant to section #bae may be _h by ! fil+ ( a petition = review by an int]e/$ p]son 9 ! ,circuit ,c\rt ( ,appeals ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ,f$]al judicial di/rict 9 :i* su* p]son resides or transact bus9ess :i* is directly affect$ by ! action tak52 su* petition %all be fil$ n lat] ?an #abj days aft] ! date su* f9al ag5cy action is tak54 7b7 ,no review 9 en=cem5t proce$+s ,f9al ag5cy action ) respect to :i* review c\ld h be5 obta9$ "u subsection 7a77#b7 %all n be subject to judicial review 9 any civil or crim9al proce$+ = en=cem5t4 7c7 ,co/ ( litigation ,9 any judicial proce$+ "u subsection 7a71 ! c\rt may aw>d co/s ( litigation 7includ+ reasonable attorney & exp]t witness fees7 to any prevail+ p>ty :5ev] x det]m9es t su* aw>d is appropriate4 4 #bc4 ,def9itions ,section #bba 7=m]ly #af ,u4,s4,c4 #fdji71 z r$esignat$ by section #g ( ?is ,act1 is am5d$ to read z foll[s3 #bba4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is title3 7#a7 ,biodiv]sity ,! t]m biodiv]sity means ! v>iability among liv+ organisms f all s\rces includ+1 int] alia1 t]re/rial1 m>9e1 & o!r aquatic ecosy/ems & ! ecological complexes ( :i* !y are "p1 includ+ div]sity )9 species1 betwe5 species1 & ( ecosy/ems4 7#b7 ,bona fide rese>* ,! t]m bona fide rese>* means sci5tific rese>* on corals1 ! results ( :i* are likely-- 7,a7 to be eligible = publication 9 a ref]r$ sci5tific j\rnal2 7,b7 to contribute to ! basic k ( coral biology or ecology2 or 7,c7 to id5tify1 evaluate1 or resolve cons]vation problems4 7#c7 ,coral ,! t]m coral means species ( ! phylum ,cnid>ia1 includ+-- 7,a7 all species ( ! ord]s ,antipa?>ia 7black corals71 ,scl]act9ia 7/ony corals71 ,gorgonacea 7horny corals71 ,/olonif]a 7organpipe corals & o!rs71 ,alcyonacea 7s(t corals71 & ,helioporacea 7blue coral7 ( ! class ,an?ozoa2 & 7,b7 all species ( ! families ,milleporidea 7fire corals7 & ,/yla/]idae 7/yla/]id hydrocorals7 ( ! class ,hydrozoa4 7#d7 ,coral reef ,! t]m coral reef means lime/one /ructures compos$ 9 :ole or 9 "p ( liv+ corals1 z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#c71 _! skeletal rema9s1 or bo?1 & includ+ o!r corals1 associat$ sessile inv]tebrates & plants1 & associat$ seagrasses4 7#e7 ,coral reef compon5t ,! t]m coral reef compon5t means any "p ( a coral reef1 includ+ individual liv+ or dead corals1 associat$ sessile inv]tebrates & plants1 & any adjac5t or associat$ seagrasses4 7#f7 ,coral reef ecosy/em ,! t]m coral reef ecosy/em means ! sy/em ( coral reefs & geographically associat$ species1 habitats1 & environm5t1 includ+ any adjac5t or associat$ mangroves & seagrass habitats1 & ! processes t control its dynamics4 7#g7 ,coral products ,! t]m coral products means any liv+ or dead specim5s1 p>ts1 or d]ivatives1 or any product conta9+ specim5s1 p>ts1 or d]ivatives1 ( any species ref]r$ to 9 p>agraph 7#c74 7#h7 ,damages ,! t]m damages includes-- 7,a7 comp5sation =-- 7i7 ! co/ ( replac+1 re/or+1 or acquir+ ! equival5t ( ! coral reef1 or compon5t !re(2 & 7ii7 ! lo/ s]vices (1 or ! value ( ! lo/ use (1 ! coral reef or compon5t !re(1 or ! co/ ( activities to m9imize or prev5t ?reats (1 equival5t injury to1 or de/ruction ( coral reefs or compon5ts !re(1 p5d+ re/oration or replacem5t or ! acquisition ( an equival5t coral reef or compon5t !re(2 7,b7 ! reasonable co/ ( damage assessm5ts "u section #bac2 7,c7 ! reasonable co/s incurr$ by ! ,secret>y 9 implem5t+ section #bjh7;d72 7,d7 ! reasonable co/ ( monitor+ appropriate to ! injur$1 re/or$1 or replac$ res\rces2 7,e7 ! reasonable co/ ( curation1 cons]vation & loss ( contextual in=mation ( any coral encru/$ ar*aeological1 hi/orical1 & cultural res\rce2 7,f7 ! co/ ( legal actions "u section #bac1 und]tak5 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 associat$ ) ! de/ruction1 loss (1 tak+ (1 or injury to1 a coral reef or compon5t !re(1 includ+ ! co/s ( attorney "t & exp]t witness fees2 & 7,g7 ! indirect co/s associat$ ) ! co/s li/$ 9 subp>agraphs 7,a7 ?r\gh 7,f7 ( ?is p>agraph4 7#i7 ,em]g5cy actions ,! t]m em]g5cy actions means all necess>y actions to prev5t or m9imize ! additional de/ruction1 loss (1 tak+ (1 or injury to1 coral reefs or compon5ts !re(1 or to m9imize ! risk ( su* additional de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury4 7#aj7 ,exclusive economic zone ,! t]m ,exclusive ,economic ,zone means ! wat]s ( ! ,exclusive ,economic ,zone ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u ,presid5tial ,proclamation #ejcj1 dat$ ,m>* #aj1 #aihc4 7#aa7 ,p]son ,! t]m p]son means any individual1 private or public corporation1 p>tn]%ip1 tru/1 in/itution1 association1 or any o!r public or private entity1 :e!r =eign or dome/ic1 private p]son or entity1 or any (fic]1 employee1 ag5t1 ,dep>tm5t1 ag5cy1 or in/rum5tality ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 ( any ,/ate or local unit ( gov]nm5t1 or ( any =eign gov]nm5t4 7#ab7 ,response co/s ,! t]m response co/s means ! co/s ( actions tak5 or au?oriz$ by ! ,secret>y to m9imize de/ruction1 loss (1 tak+ (1 or injury to1 a coral reef1 or compon5t !re(1 or to m9imize ! imm95t risks ( su* de/ruction1 loss1 tak+1 or injury1 includ+ co/s relat$ to seizure1 =feiture1 /orage1 or disposal aris+ f liability "u section #bac4 7#ac7 ,secret>y ,! t]m ,secret>y means-- 7,a7 = purposes ( sections #bja ?r\gh #baa1 sections #bah ?r\gh #bbj 7except z o!rwise provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b771 & ! o!r p>agraphs ( ?is section1 ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,national ,oceanic & ,atmosph]ic ,adm9i/ration2 & 7,b7 = purposes ( sections #bab ?r\gh #bag1 & section #bbj-- 7i7 ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior = any coral reef or compon5t !re( locat$ 9 7,i7 ! ,national ,wildlife ,refuge ,sy/em1 7,,ii7 ! ,national ,p>k ,sy/em1 & 7,,iii7 ! wat]s surr\nd+ ,wake ,isl& "u ! jurisdiction ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 z set =? 9 ,executive ,ord] #aajdh 7#bg ,f$4 ,reg4 #hhea 7,septemb] #d1 #aifb772 or 7ii7 ! ,secret>y ( ,comm]ce = any coral reef or compon5t !re( locat$ 9 any area n describ$ 9 clause 7i74 7#ad7 ,s]vice ,! t]m s]vice means functions1 ecological or o!rwise1 p]=m$ by a coral reef or compon5t !re(4 7#ae7 ,/ate ,! t]m ,/ate means any ,/ate ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t conta9s a coral reef ecosy/em )9 its seaw>d b\nd>ies1 ,am]ican ,samoa1 ,guam1 ! ,nor!rn ,m>iana ,isl&s1 ,pu]to ,rico1 & ! ,virg9 ,isl&s1 & any o!r t]ritory or possession ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 or sep>ate sov]eign 9 free association ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 t conta9s a coral reef ecosy/em )9 its seaw>d b\nd>ies4 7#af7 ,t]ritorial sea ,! t]m ,t]ritorial ,sea means ! wat]s ( ! ,t]ritorial ,sea ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u ,presid5tial ,proclamation #eibh1 dat$ ,decemb] #bg1 #aihh4 4