,,ii #aacth ,,congress #b;d ,session ,s4 #bdjg ,,in ,,the ,,senate ,,of ,,the ,,united ,,states ,may #bb1 #bjad,mrs4 ,murray introduced the following bill2 which was read twice and referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations ,a ,,bill ,to amend the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa by authorizing the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development to continue supporting the development of technologies for global health under the ,health ,technologies ,program1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the #bast ,century ,global ,health ,technology ,act4 #b4 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,research and development is a critical component of ,united ,states leadership in global health4 7#b7 ,research and innovation can help to break the cycle of aid dependency by providing sustainable solutions to long-term problems4 7#c7 ,research and development for global health is crucial for meeting new and emerging challenges1 creating efficiencies1 strengthening health systems1 shifting tasks1 strengthening workforces1 and increasing access to health services for the most vulnerable people4 7#d7 ,advances in health and medical technologies have been the major drivers behind massive improvements in health worldwide during the past century1 resulting in an average increase in life expectancy of #ba years in low- and middle-income countries between #aifj and #bjjb4 7#e7 ,new health technologies have a high return on investment4 ,for example1 a new meningitis ,a vaccine developed in collaboration with the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development 7referred to in this section as ,,usaid71 the ,centers for ,disease ,control and ,prevention1 the ,national ,institutes of ,health1 and the ,food and ,drug ,administration1 will save an estimated #egj1jjj1jjj in costs that would otherwise be incurred for emergency vaccination campaigns during the next decade1 freeing much needed resources for use elsewhere in overstretched health systems4 7#f7 ,,usaid1 the ,centers for ,disease ,control and ,prevention1 the ,national ,institutes of ,health1 the ,food and ,drug ,administration1 and the ,department of ,defense provide significant contributions each year to global health research and development4 ,the ,united ,states ,government is supporting the development of #bjj of the #cfe products in the global pipeline of products for neglected and poverty-related diseases4 7#g7 ,this commitment from the ,united ,states ,government has led to a remarkable increase in global health products4 ,forty-five new health tools were registered between #bjjj and #bjaj1 and the ,united ,states ,government was involved in #bd of these new global health products in the last decade1 including-- 7,a7 #f drugs for malaria2 7,b7 #b vaccines for pneumonia2 7,c7 #f diagnostics for tuberculosis2 and 7,d7 #b drugs for leishmaniasis4 7#h7 ,although investments from the ,united ,states ,government have enabled tremendous progress in the introduction of new technologies for global health1 gaps still exist in bringing certain technologies through the development process and rapidly scaling them up in the field4 7#i7 ,better coordination is needed between ,federal agencies-- 7,a7 to align research strategies2 7,b7 to identify and address gaps in product development activity2 and 7,c7 to move products efficiently along the research-to-introduction continuum4 7#aj7 ,infectious diseases disproportionately impact populations in low-income nations across ,latin ,america1 sub-,saharan ,africa1 and ,asia4 ,poor and vulnerable communities in the ,united ,states are also at risk for contracting diseases usually considered to be diseases of the developing world4 ,for example1 cases of ,chagas disease1 which is found throughout ,latin ,america1 and dengue fever1 endemic to ,mexico and ,central ,america1 have been detected in communities with high poverty rates in ,states along the ,united ,states border with ,mexico4 7#aa7 ,in collaboration with the ,world ,health ,organization and its member states1 the ,united ,states is a leading participant in discussions to improve coordination and financing of global health research and development4 ,this process will establish mechanisms to map research needs1 identify resource gaps1 and set priorities to ensure that the most crucial global health products are developed and delivered for maximum global health impact4 7#ab7 ,because of its presence in the field1 ,,usaid is uniquely placed-- 7,a7 to assess local health conditions2 7,b7 to partner with public and private stakeholders to ensure the development and timely introduction and scale-up of tools that are culturally acceptable2 7,c7 to address serious and all-too-common health problems2 and 7,d7 to contribute to the strengthening of health systems4 7#ac7 ,in a recent report to ,congress1 ,,usaid asserts that-- 7,a7 health research is integral to its ability to achieve its health and development objectives worldwide2 and 7,b7 innovation through research allows the agency to develop and introduce affordable health products and practices and contribute to policies appropriate for addressing health-related concerns in the developing world4 7#ad7 7,a7 ,in ,report to ,congress3 ,health-,related ,research and ,development ,activities at ,,usaid 7,,hrrd71 ,may #bjaa1 ,,usaid analyzed its activities from #bjjf through #bjaj and set forth a #e-year health research strategy for the next #e years4 7,b7 ,the new strategy is-- 7i7 an important source of information on ,,usaid's programs for global health product development2 and 7ii7 an effective tool for measuring expected results from #bjaa through #bjae4 7,c7 ,the strategy does not articulate ,,usaid's investments and programming for research and development in several critical areas1 including-- 7i7 new tools to diagnose1 prevent1 and treat neglected tropical diseases2 7ii7 research addressing the leading causes of death and illness of women1 newborns1 and children2 and 7iii7 new tuberculosis vaccines4 7#ae7 ,,usaid has established a variety of instruments to promote innovation and global health1 such as-- 7,a7 ,grand ,challenges for ,development2 7,b7 the ,innovation ,fund for the ,americas2 7,c7 ,higher ,education ,solutions ,network 7,,hesn72 7,d7 university ,development ,labs2 and 7,e7 ,research and ,innovation ,fellowships4 7#af7 ,research and development at ,,usaid-- 7,a7 facilitates public-private collaboration in the development of global health technologies2 7,b7 leverages public and private sector support for early stage research and development of health technologies to encourage private sector investment in late-stage technology development and product introduction in developing countries2 7,c7 benefits the ,united ,states economy by investing in the growing ,united ,states global health technology sector1 which-- 7i7 provides skilled jobs for ,american workers 7#fd cents of every ,united ,states dollar invested in global health research benefits ,united ,states-based researchers72 7ii7 creates opportunities for ,united ,states businesses in the development and production of new technologies2 and 7iii7 enhances ,united ,states competitiveness in the increasingly technological and knowledge-based global economy2 and 7,d7 enhances ,united ,states national security by-- 7i7 reducing the risk of pandemic disease2 and 7ii7 contributing to economic development and stability in developing countries4 7#ag7 ,the ,united ,states should invest in affordable1 appropriate health technologies1 including-- 7,a7 medical devices for maternal1 newborn1 and child care2 7,b7 new vaccines2 7,c7 new vaccine technologies and delivery tools2 7,d7 safe injection devices2 7,e7 diagnostic tests for infectious diseases2 7,f7 new tools for water1 sanitation1 and nutrition2 7,g7 multipurpose prevention technologies2 7,h7 information systems and mobile health and information systems2 and 7,i7 innovative disease prevention strategies4 7#ah7 ,united ,states investments in the health technologies set forth in paragraph 7#ag7 would-- 7,a7 reduce the risk of disease transmission2 7,b7 accelerate access to life-saving global health interventions for the world's poor2 7,c7 reduce the burden on local health systems2 and 7,d7 result in significant cost savings for development assistance funds4 7#ai7 ,in circumstances where markets fail1 public-private partnerships are an effective way to develop1 introduce and scale up new health technologies4 7#bj7 7,a7 ,product development partnerships 7referred to in this paragraph as ,p,d,ps7 are a model of public-private partnership that is successfully accelerating research to benefit the developing world4 7,b7 ,p,d,ps are non-profit1 nongovernmental entities that work to accelerate the development of new tools to fight diseases in resource-poor settings4 7,c7 ,p,d,ps typically manage resources and partnerships from across public1 private1 and philanthropic sectors to drive the development of a full pipeline of potential new products that could save and improve lives in the developing world4 7,d7 ,,usaid has played a significant role in advancing the ,,pdp model through its financial support4 7,e7 ,between #bjjd and #bjac1 the achievements of ,p,d,ps have become increasingly successful at advancing new products through the development pipeline towards registration1 product introduction1 and use4 7#ba7 ,,usaid supports research and introduction activities along a research-to-use continuum including-- 7,a7 evidence reviews and health assessments in developing countries2 and 7,b7 the development1 testing1 adaptation1 and introduction of appropriate products and interventions within the context of strengthening health systems4 7#bb7 7,a7 ,a ,center for ,accelerating ,innovation and ,impact 7referred to in this paragraph as the ,center7 has been established at ,,usaid to address technical1 supply1 and policy barriers in the development1 introduction1 and scale-up of new products and technologies for global health4 7,b7 ,for diseases and conditions in which market forces have proven insufficient to generate and rapidly deliver new technologies1 the ,center promotes and reinforces solutions to overcome obstacles such as regulatory inefficiencies in developing countries1 limited user demand1 gaps in market data and supply chain hurdles4 7,c7 ,the ,center also catalyzes partnerships with the public and private sectors to develop and rapidly deploy new products4 7#bc7 ,since #aihb1 ,,usaid has carried out a program to support the development of health technologies through which ,,usaid-- 7,a7 has maximized the limited resources available for global health2 7,b7 has ensured that products and medicines developed for use in low-resource settings have reached the people that need such products and medicines2 7,c7 has invented1 designed1 developed1 or co-developed #he health technologies2 and 7,d7 has collaborated with more than #ajj private-sector organizations1 which have matched the funds received from ,,usaid by a #b3a ratio4 7#bd7 ,the research and development activities of ,,usaid are complementary to the work of other ,federal agencies4 #c4 ,purposes ,the purposes of this ,act are-- 7#a7 to acknowledge the role of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development 7referred to in this section as ,,usaid7 in product development1 introduction1 and scale-up of new global health tools2 and 7#b7 to establish the ,technologies for ,health ,program within ,,usaid to support the development of technologies for global health that will-- 7,a7 improve global health2 7,b7 reduce maternal1 newborn1 and child mortality rates2 7,c7 improve health and nutrition2 7,d7 reverse the incidence of ,,hiv_/,,aids1 malaria1 tuberculosis1 and other infectious diseases2 7,e7 reduce the burden of chronic diseases2 7,f7 overcome technical1 supply1 and policy hurdles to product introduction and scale-up2 and 7,g7 support research and development that is consistent with a global development strategy and other related strategies developed by ,,usaid4 #d4 ,establishment of ,health ,technologies ,program 7a7 ,in general ,section #ajg of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea;e7 is amended by adding at the end the following3 7c7 ,technologies for ,health 7#a7 ,establishment ,there is established1 within the ,health and ,infectious ,diseases and ,nutrition ,section of the ,global ,health ,bureau of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development 7referred to in this subsection as ,,usaid71 the ,technologies for ,health ,program 7referred to in this subsection as the ,program74 7#b7 ,functions ,the ,program shall develop1 advance1 and introduce affordable1 available1 and appropriate and primarily late-stage technologies specifically designed-- 7,a7 to improve the health and nutrition of populations in developing countries2 7,b7 to reduce maternal1 newborn1 and child mortality in such countries2 and 7,c7 to improve the diagnosis1 prevention1 and reduction of disease1 especially ,,hiv_/,,aids1 malaria1 tuberculosis1 and other infectious diseases1 in such countries4 7#c7 ,agreement ,the ,program shall be carried out under a cooperative agreement between ,,usaid and #a or more institutions with a successful record of-- 7,a7 advancing the technologies described in paragraph 7#b72 and 7,b7 integrating practical field experience into the research and development process in order to introduce the most appropriate technologies4 7d7 ,action plans ,the ,administrator of ,,usaid shall-- 7#a7 establish and implement action plans to incorporate global health research and product development within each of the global health and development programs1 with support from coordinating agencies2 7#b7 establish metrics to measure progress in implementing the action plans2 and 7#c7 consider all options in implementing the action plans1 including the use of public-private partnerships4 7e7 ,priority global health interventions ,the ,center for ,accelerating ,innovation and ,impact of ,,usaid shall continue its work to speed the development1 introduction1 and scale-up of priority global health interventions4 4 7b7 ,savings provision ,section #ajg7;c7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa1 as added by subsection 7a7-- 7#a7 authorizes the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development 7referred to in this subsection and section #e as ,,usaid7 to continue the health technologies research and development activities carried out by ,,usaid before the date of the enactment of this ,act2 and 7#b7 does not establish a new program for such purposes4 #e4 ,annual report on research and development activities at ,,usaid 7a7 ,in general ,not later than #a year after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 and annually thereafter for the following #d years1 the ,administrator of the ,united ,states ,agency for ,international ,development1 after consultation with the ,centers for ,disease ,control and ,prevention1 the ,department of ,defense1 the ,food and ,drug ,administration1 and the ,national ,institutes of ,health1 shall submit a separate report to ,congress on the research and development activities carried out by ,,usaid4 7b7 ,matters ,to be included ,each report submitted under subsection 7a7 shall include-- 7#a7 updates on the implementation of ,,usaid's strategy for using research funds to stimulate the development and introduction of products in each of its global health and development programs2 7#b7 a description of ,,usaid's collaborations and coordination with other ,federal departments and agencies in support of translational and applied global health research and development2 7#c7 a description of ,,usaid's collaborations and coordination with partner governments1 bilateral and multilateral donors1 and other relevant governmental entities in support of translational and applied global health research and development2 7#d7 a description of ,,usaid investments in science1 technology1 and innovation2 7#e7 an explanation of how technologies and research products developed by ,,usaid complement work being done by other ,federal departments and agencies2 and 7#f7 a list of technologies and research products that have been introduced into field trials or use4 7c7 ,consultation ,the ,administrator of ,,usaid shall annually consult with the heads of other ,federal departments and agencies to improve alignment of ,,usaid's health-related research strategy with other similar agency strategies1 with the intent of working towards a whole-of-government strategy for global health research and development4