,,ii  #aac? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,s4 #afcb  ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,!      
,,unit$ ,,/ates  ,octob] #ca1 #bjac ,mr4
 ,wick] 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,co*ran1 ,mr4  
,grassley1 ,mr4 ,isakson1 ,mr4          
,sessions1 ,mr4 ,rob]ts1 ,mr4 ,?une1    
,mr4 ,inh(e1 & ,mr4 ,crapo7 introduc$ ! 
foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 read twice & ref]r$  
to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y  ,a      
,,bill  ,to protect #aj? ,am5dm5t rights
 by provid+ special /&+ = ,/ate gov]nm5t
 (ficials to *all5ge propos$            
regulations1 & = o!r purposes4  #a4     
,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z !   
,re/or+ ! #aj? ,am5dm5t ,act4  #b4      
,f9d+s ,! ,congress f9ds3  7#a7 ,! #aj? 
,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$   
,/ates 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is ,act z ! #aj?   
,am5dm5t71 ratifi$ on ,decemb] #ae1     
#agia1 provides1 ,! p[]s n delegat$ to !
 ,unit$ ,/ates by ! ,con/itution1 nor   
prohibit$ by x to ! ,/ates1 are res]v$  
to ! ,/ates respectively1 or to ! p44   
7#b7 ,! #aj? ,am5dm5t expressly limits !
 p[]s ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t to ^?        

delegat$ by ! ,con/itution & reaffirms &
 protects ! fre$om ( ! ,/ates to ex]cise
 ^? t are n4  7#c7 ,! #aj? ,am5dm5t     
reflects ! opposition ( ! ,f\nd+ ,fa!rs 
to a ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t ) expansive p[]s1 
_! int5tion = ! p[]s ( ! ,/ates to act z
 a *eck on ^? ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t1 & _!
 conc]n t ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t w\ld       
attempt to usurp p[]s int5d$ to rema9 ) 
! ,/ates4  7#d7 ,james ,madison1 9 ,!   
,f$]ali/ ,no4 #de1 wrote1 ,! p[]s       
delegat$ by ! propos$ ,con/itution to ! 
f$]al gov]nm5t are few & def9$4 ,^? :i* 
are to rema9 9 ! ,/ate gov]nm5ts are    
num]\s & indef9ite44  7#e7 ,! ,supreme  
,c\rt1 9 ,unit$ ,/ates v4 ,sprague1 #bhb
 ,u4,s4 #gaf 7#aica71 not$1 ,! ,t5?     
,am5dm5t 0 int5d$ to confirm ! und]/&+ (
 ! p at ! "t ! ,con/itution 0 adopt$1 t 
p[]s n grant$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7      
res]v$ to ! ,/ates or to ! p44  7#f7 ,! 
,supreme ,c\rt1 9 ,fry v4 ,unit$ ,/ates1
 #dba ,u4,s4 #edb 7#aige71 also not$1 ,!
 ,am5dm5t expressly decl>es !           
con/itutional policy t ,congress may n  

ex]cise p[] 9 a fa%ion t impairs !      
,/ates' integrity or _! ability to      
function effectively 9 a f$]al sy/em44  
7#g7 ,! ,executive dep>tm5ts & ag5cies (
 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t (t5 promulgate      
regulations contr>y to ! _s & lett] ( ! 
#aj? ,am5dm5t4  7#h7 ,! #aj? ,am5dm5t   
assures t ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & ea*  
sov]eign ,/ate 9 ! ,union ( ,/ates1 h1 &
 h always _h1 rights t ! ,f$]al         
,gov]nm5t may n usurp4  7#i7 ,congress  
has ! responsibility to safegu>d ! #aj? 
,am5dm5t & to recognize t x is z vital &
 valuable today z on ! date ( its       
ratification4  #c4 ,special /&+ = c]ta9 
,/ate (ficials to *all5ge ,f$]al        
rulemak+ z a violation ( ! #aj? ,am5dm5t
  7a7 ,def9itions ,9 ?is section--  7#a7
 ! t]m ag5cy has ! mean+ giv5 t t]m 9   
section #eea ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates  
,code2  7#b7 ! t]m designat$ ,/ate      
(ficial means1 ) respect to a ,/ate--   
7,a7 ! *ief executive ( ! ,/ate2  7,b7 !
 lieut5ant gov]nor or equival5t (fic] ( 
! ,/ate2  7,c7 ! *ief legal (fic] ( !   

,/ate2 or  7,d7 a legislative lead] ( ! 
,/ate2  7#c7 ! t]m legislative lead]    
means a speak]1 majority lead]1 or      
m9ority lead]1 ( a ,/ate legislature or 
any ,h\se !re(2 &  7#d7 ! t]m rule has !
 mean+ giv5 t t]m 9 section #eea ( title
 #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  7b7          
,submission ( legal brief ,dur+ any     
p]iod dur+ :i* a propos$ rule is op5 =  
public comm5t "u *apt] #e ( title #e1   
,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 any designat$ ,/ate
 (ficial may submit to ! head ( ! ag5cy 
propos+ ! rule a legal brief *all5g+ !  
con/itutionality ( ! propos$ rule "u !  
#aj? ,am5dm5t4  7c7 ,duty ( ,f$]al      
(ficial ,to po/ l9k to ! brief ,! head (
 ! ag5cy propos+ a rule describ$ 9      
subsection 7b7 %all prom95tly po/ on !  
front page ( ,web site ( ! ag5cy1 9 su* 
a mann] t x is imm$iately noticeable to 
individuals :o visit t ,web site1 a l9k 
to ea* brief submitt$ "u subsection 7b74
  7d7 ,response by ,f$]al ag5cy ,unless 
an ag5cy det]m9es n to f9alize a propos$
 rule describ$ 9 subsection 7b71 n lat] 

?an #ae days aft] po/+ ! l9k "u         
subsection 7c71 ! head ( ! ag5cy %all-- 
7#a7 c]tify 9 writ+ t1 9 ! op9ion ( !   
head ( ! ag5cy1 ! rule does n violate ! 
#aj? ,am5dm5t2  7#b7 include 9 !        
c]tification ! full legal reason+       
support+ t op9ion2 &  7#c7 prom95tly po/
 ! c]tification on ! front page ( ! ,web
 site ( ! ag5cy next to ! l9ks to !     
legal briefs p]ta9+ to ! rule po/$ "u   
subsection 7c74  7e7 ,notice to (ficials
 ( o!r ,/ates ,n lat] ?an #ae days aft] 
! date on :i* a designat$ ,/ate (ficial 
submits a brief "u subsection 7b71 !    
head ( ! ag5cy propos+ ! rule %all give 
notice to ea* designat$ ,/ate (ficial ( 
ea* ,/ate t ! brief 0 submitt$4  7f7    
,actions by ,/ate (ficials  7#a7        
,comm5cem5t ( action ,at any "t aft] !  
head ( an ag5cy po/s a c]tification "u  
subsection 7d7 t a rule does n violate !
 #aj? ,am5dm5t1 a designat$ ,/ate       
(ficial may comm5ce a civil action aga9/
 ! ag5cy on ! gr\nds t ! rule ( ! ag5cy 
violates ! #aj? ,am5dm5t4  7#b7 ,v5ue & 

jurisdiction ,if a designat$ ,/ate      
(ficial decides to comm5ce an action "u 
p>agraph 7#a71 9 addition to any o!r    
v5ue or jurisdiction t may be provid$ by
 law1 ! (ficial may br+ ! action 9 !    
di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = !      
di/rict 9 :i* ! place ( bus9ess ( !     
(ficial is locat$1 :i* %all be a prop]  
v5ue = ! action & ! c\rt %all h         
jurisdiction ( ! action4  7#c7 ,exp$it$ 
appeal ,^u ! fil+ ( a notice ( appeal by
 a designat$ ,/ate (ficial :o is a p>ty 
to an action describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7   
br\ght 9 a di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates1 ! appropriate c\rt ( appeals ( !
 ,unit$ ,/ates %all grant exp$it$ review
 ( a decision by ! di/rict c\rt 9 !     
action4