,h4 ,,res4 #geh  ,in the ,house of      
,representatives1 ,u4 ,s41  ,december   
#d1 #bjad  ,,resolution  ,whereas the   
,russian ,federation has subjected      
,ukraine to a campaign of political1    
economic1 and military aggression for   
the purpose of establishing its         
domination over the country and         
progressively erasing its independence2 
,whereas the ,russian ,federation's     
invasion of1 and military operations on1
 ,ukrainian territory represent gross   
violations of ,ukraine's sovereignty1   
independence1 and territorial integrity 
and a violation of international law1   
including the ,russian ,federation's    
obligations under the ,united ,nations  
,charter2 ,whereas the ,russian         
,federation has1 since ,february #bjad1 
violated each of the #aj principles of  
the #aige ,helsinki ,accords in its     
relations with ,ukraine2 ,whereas the   
,russian ,federation's forcible         
occupation and illegal annexation of    
,crimea and its continuing support for  

separatist and paramilitary forces in   
eastern ,ukraine are violations of its  
obligations under the #aiid ,budapest   
,memorandum on ,security ,assurances1 in
 which it pledged to respect the        
independence and sovereignty and the    
existing borders of ,ukraine1 and to    
refrain from the threat or use of force 
against the territorial integrity or    
political independence of ,ukraine2     
,whereas the ,russian ,federation has   
provided military equipment1 training1  
and other assistance to separatist and  
paramilitary forces in eastern ,ukraine 
that has resulted in over #d1jjj        
civilian deaths1 hundreds of thousands  
of civilian refugees1 and widespread    
destruction2 ,whereas the ,ukrainian    
military remains at a significant       
disadvantage compared to the armed      
forces of the ,russian ,federation in   
terms of size and technological         
sophistication2 ,whereas the ,united    
,states strongly supports efforts to    
assist ,ukraine to defend its territory 

and sovereignty against military        
aggression by the ,russian ,federation  
and by separatist forces2 ,whereas the  
terms of the cease-fire specified in the
 ,minsk ,protocol that was signed on    
,september #e1 #bjad1 by representatives
 of the ,government of ,ukraine1 the    
,russian ,federation1 and the           
,russian-led separatists in the eastern 
area of ,ukraine have been repeatedly   
violated by the ,russian ,federation and
 the separatist forces it supports2     
,whereas separatist forces in areas they
 controlled in eastern ,ukraine         
prevented the holding of elections on   
,may #be1 #bjad1 for a new ,president of
 ,ukraine and on ,october #bf1 #bjad1   
for a new ,rada1 thereby preventing the 
people of eastern ,ukraine from         
exercising their democratic right to    
select their candidates for office in   
free and fair elections2 ,whereas on    
,november #b1 #bjad1 separatist forces  
in eastern ,ukraine held fraudulent and 
illegal elections in areas they         

controlled for the supposed purpose of  
choosing leaders of the illegitimate    
local political entities they have      
declared2 ,whereas the ,russian         
,federation continues to provide the    
military1 political1 and economic       
support without which the separatist    
forces could not continue to maintain   
their areas of control2 ,whereas the    
reestablishment of peace and security in
 ,ukraine requires the full withdrawal  
of ,russian forces from ,ukrainian      
territory1 the resumption of the        
,government of ,ukraine's control over  
all of the country's international      
borders1 the disarming of the separatist
 and paramilitary forces in the east1 an
 end to ,russia's use of its energy     
exports and trade barriers to apply     
economic and political pressure1 and an 
end to ,russian interference in         
,ukraine's internal affairs2 ,whereas   
,malaysia ,airlines ,flight #ag1 a      
civilian airliner1 was destroyed by a   
missile fired by ,russian-backed        

separatist forces in eastern ,ukraine1  
resulting in the loss of #bih innocent  
lives2 ,whereas the ,russian ,federation
 continues to supply the vast majority  
of arms purchases1 which include        
anti-aircraft missile systems and other 
lethal weapons1 to the ,bashar ,assad   
regime in ,syria1 a state sponsor of    
terrorism that is actively backed by    
,hezbollah1 a sophisticated terrorist   
group hostile to the ,united ,states and
 its close allies2 ,whereas the ,russian
 ,federation has protected the ,assad   
regime and backed its brutal assault    
against the ,syrian people2 ,whereas the
 ,russian ,federation has used and is   
continuing to use coercive economic     
measures1 including the manipulation of 
energy prices and supplies1 as well as  
trade restrictions1 to place political  
and economic pressure on ,ukraine2      
,whereas ,france agreed to sell to the  
,russian ,federation two ,mistral-class 
amphibious assault ships in #bjaa for   
#a4g billion2 ,whereas ,russian         

possession of these ships would be a    
destabilizing addition to the ,russian  
military1 which would likely have       
boosted its ability to invade ,crimea2  
,whereas given the ,russian invasion of 
sovereign territory of the ,republic of 
,ukraine in ,crimea and elsewhere and   
its dangerous behavior throughout the   
region1 ,france decided to suspend      
delivery of the ,mistral-class warships 
to the ,russian ,federation2 ,whereas   
purchase of the two ,mistral-class      
warships by ,north ,atlantic ,treaty    
,organization 7,,nato7 countries would  
expand ,,nato's capabilities1 resolve   
,france's legitimate concern over the   
cost of the ships1 and eliminate a      
potential threat to countries in        
,eastern ,europe2 ,whereas the ,russian 
,federation invaded the ,republic of    
,georgia in ,august #bjjh1 continues to 
station military forces in the regions  
of ,abkhazia and ,south ,ossetia1 and is
 implementing measures intended to      
progressively integrate these regions   

into the ,russian ,federation1 including
 by signing a treaty between ,georgia's 
,abkhazia ,region and the ,russian      
,federation on ,november #bd1 #bjad2    
,whereas the ,russian ,federation       
continues to subject the ,republic of   
,georgia to political and military      
intimidation1 economic coercion1 and    
other forms of aggression in an effort  
to establish its control of the country 
and to prevent ,georgia from            
establishing closer relations with the  
,european ,union and the ,united        
,states2 ,whereas the ,russian          
,federation continues to station        
military forces in the ,transniestria   
region of ,moldova in violation of the  
express will of the ,government of      
,moldova and of its ,organization for   
,security and ,co-operation in ,europe  
7,,osce7 commitments2 ,whereas the      
,russian ,federation continues to       
provide support to the illegal          
separatist regime in the ,transniestria 
region of ,moldova2 ,whereas the        

,russian ,federation continues to       
subject ,moldova to political and       
military intimidation1 economic         
coercion1 and other forms of aggression 
in an effort to establish its control of
 the country and to prevent efforts by  
,moldova to establish closer relations  
with the ,european ,union and the       
,united ,states2 ,whereas the ,russian  
,federation acceded to the              
,intermediate-,range ,nuclear ,forces   
7,,inf7 ,treaty obligation of the ,union
 of ,soviet ,socialist ,republics in a  
declaration issued at ,bishkek1         
,kyrgyzstan1 in ,october #aiib2 ,whereas
 under the terms of the ,,inf ,treaty1 a
 flight-test or deployment of any       
,,inf-banned weapon delivery vehicle by 
the ,russian ,federation constitutes a  
militarily significant violation of the 
,,inf ,treaty2 ,whereas on ,april #b1   
#bjad1 the ,commander1 ,u4,s4 ,european 
,command1 and ,supreme ,allied          
,commander ,europe1 ,general ,breedlove1
 stated that1 ,a weapon capability that 

violates the ,,inf1 that is introduced  
into the greater ,european land mass is 
absolutely a tool that will have to be  
dealt with 99 99 994 ,i would not judge 
how the alliance will choose to react1  
but ,i would say they will have to      
consider what to do about it 99 99 994  
,it can't go unanswered42 ,whereas on   
,july #bi1 #bjad1 the ,united ,states   
,department of ,state released its      
report on the ,adherence to and         
,compliance with ,arms ,control1        
,nonproliferation1 and ,disarmament     
,agreements and ,commitments1 as        
required by ,section #djc of the ,arms  
,control and ,disarmament ,act1 for     
calendar year #bjac1 which found that1  
the ,united ,states has determined that 
the ,russian ,federation is in violation
 of its obligations under the ,,inf     
,treaty not to possess1 produce1 or     
flight-test a ground-launched cruise    
missile 7,,glcm7 with a range capability
 of #ejj km to #e1ejj km1 or to possess 
or produce launchers of such missiles2  

,whereas concerns also exist with       
respect to a new ,russian ballistic     
missile1 the ,,rs-#bf1 which1 according 
to reports1 has been tested on multiple 
occasions at intermediate ranges1 and in
 different configurations1 which would  
be covered by the interpretative        
statements the ,united ,states ,senate  
relied upon when it ratified the ,,inf  
,treaty in ,may #aihh2 ,whereas the     
,russian ,federation has requested the  
approval of new sensors and new aircraft
 to be flown over the ,united ,states   
and ,europe as part of the ,treaty on   
,open ,skies1 and serious concerns have 
been raised regarding impacts to ,united
 ,states national security if such      
approval is given2 ,whereas on ,november
 #aa1 #bjad1 the ,commander1 ,u4,s4     
,european ,command1 and ,supreme ,allied
 ,commander ,europe1 ,general           
,breedlove1 stated that1 ,russian forces
 capable of being nuclear are being     
moved to the ,crimea ,peninsula2        
,whereas according to reports1 the      

,government of the ,russian ,federation 
has repeatedly engaged in the           
infiltration of1 and attacks on1        
computer networks of the ,united ,states
 ,government1 as well as individuals and
 private entities1 for the purpose of   
illicitly acquiring information and     
disrupting operations1 including by     
supporting ,russian individuals and     
entities engaged in these actions2      
,whereas the political1 military1 and   
economic aggression against ,ukraine and
 other countries by the ,russian        
,federation underscores the enduring    
importance of the ,north ,atlantic      
,treaty ,organization 7,,nato7 as the   
cornerstone of collective               
,euro-,atlantic defense2 ,whereas the   
,united ,states reaffirms its           
obligations under the ,north ,atlantic  
,treaty1 especially ,article #e which   
states that an armed attack against one 
or more of the treaty signatories shall 
be considered an attack against them    
all2 ,whereas the ,russian ,federation  

is continuing to use its supply of      
energy as a means of political and      
economic coercion against ,ukraine1     
,georgia1 ,moldova1 and other ,european 
countries2 ,whereas the ,united ,states 
strongly supports energy diversification
 initiatives in ,ukraine1 ,georgia1     
,moldova1 and other ,european countries 
to reduce the ability of the ,russian   
,federation to use its supply of energy 
for political and economic coercion1    
including the development of domestic   
sources of energy1 increased efficiency1
 and substituting ,russian energy       
resources with imports from other       
countries2 ,whereas the ,russian        
,federation continues to conduct an     
aggressive propaganda effort in ,ukraine
 in which false information is used to  
subvert the authority of the legitimate 
national government1 undermine          
stability1 promote ethnic dissension1   
and incite violence2 ,whereas the       
,russian ,federation has expanded the   
presence of its state-sponsored media in

 national languages across central and  
western ,europe with the intent of using
 news and information to distort public 
opinion and obscure ,russian political  
and economic influence in ,europe2      
,whereas expanded efforts by ,united    
,states international broadcasting      
across all media in the ,russian and    
,ukrainian languages are needed to      
counter ,russian propaganda and to      
provide the people of ,ukraine and the  
surrounding regions with access to      
credible and balanced information2      
,whereas the ,voice of ,america and     
,radio ,free ,europe_/,radio ,liberty   
7,,rfe_/,,rl71 ,incorporated continue to
 represent a minority market share in   
,ukraine and other regional states with 
significant ethno-linguistic ,russian   
populations who increasingly obtain     
their local and international news from 
,russian state-sponsored media outlets2 
,whereas the ,united ,states            
,international ,programming to ,ukraine 
and ,neighboring ,regions ,act of #bjad 

7,public ,law #aac-if7 requires the     
,voice of ,america and ,,rfe_/,,rl1     
,incorporated to provide programming    
content to target populations in        
,ukraine and ,moldova #bd hours a day1  
#g days a week1 including at least #h   
weekly hours of total original video and
 television content and #ad weekly hours
 of total audio content while expanding 
cooperation with local media outlets and
 deploying greater content through      
multimedia platforms and mobile devices2
 and ,whereas ,vladimir ,putin has      
established an increasingly             
authoritarian regime in the ,russian    
,federation through fraudulent          
elections1 the persecution and jailing  
of political opponents1 the elimination 
of independent media1 the seizure of key
 sectors of the economy and enabling    
supporters to enrich themselves through 
widespread corruption1 and implementing 
a strident propaganda campaign to       
justify ,russian aggression against     
other countries and repression in       

,russia1 among other actions3 ,now1     
therefore1 be it  ,that the ,house of   
,representatives--  7#a7 strongly       
supports the efforts by ,president      
,poroshenko and the people of ,ukraine  
to establish a lasting peace in their   
country that includes the full          
withdrawal of ,russian forces from the  
territory of ,ukraine1 full control of  
,ukraine's international borders1 the   
disarming of separatist and paramilitary
 forces in eastern ,ukraine1 the        
adoption of policies to reduce the      
ability of the ,russian ,federation to  
use energy exports and trade barriers as
 weapons to apply economic and political
 pressure1 and an end to interference by
 the ,russian ,federation in the        
internal affairs of ,ukraine2  7#b7     
affirms the right of ,ukraine1 ,georgia1
 ,moldova1 and all countries to exercise
 their sovereign rights within their    
internationally recognized borders free 
from outside intervention1 and to       
conduct their foreign policy in         

accordance with their determination of  
the best interests of their peoples2    
7#c7 condemns the continuing political1 
economic1 and military aggression by the
 ,russian ,federation against ,ukraine1 
,georgia1 and ,moldova and the          
continuing violation of their           
sovereignty1 independence1 and          
territorial integrity2  7#d7 states that
 the military intervention by the       
,russian ,federation in ,ukraine--  7,a7
 is in breach of its obligations under  
the ,united ,nations ,charter2  7,b7 is 
in clear violation of each of the #aj   
principles of the #aige ,helsinki       
,accords2  7,c7 is in violation of the  
#aiid ,budapest ,memorandum on ,security
 ,assurances in which it pledged to     
respect the independence1 sovereignty1  
and existing borders of ,ukraine and to 
refrain from the threat of the use of   
force against the territorial integrity 
or political independence of ,ukraine2  
and  7,d7 poses a threat to             
international peace and security2  7#e7 

calls on the ,russian ,federation to    
reverse its illegal annexation of       
,crimea1 to end its support of the      
separatist forces in ,crimea1 and to    
remove its military forces from that    
region other than those operating in    
strict accordance with its #aiig        
agreement on the ,status and ,conditions
 of the ,black ,sea ,fleet ,stationing  
on the ,territory of ,ukraine2  7#f7    
calls on the ,president to cooperate    
with ,united ,states allies and partners
 in ,europe and other countries around  
the world to refuse to recognize any de 
jure or de facto sovereignty of the     
,russian ,federation over ,crimea1 its  
airspace1 or its territorial waters2    
7#g7 calls on the ,russian ,federation  
to remove its military forces and       
military equipment from the territory of
 ,ukraine1 ,georgia1 and ,moldova1 and  
to end its political1 military1 and     
economic support of separatist forces2  
7#h7 calls on the ,russian ,federation  
and the separatist forces it supports   

and controls in ,ukraine to end their   
violations of the cease-fire announced  
in ,minsk on ,september #e1 #bjad2  7#i7
 calls on the ,president to cooperate   
with ,united ,states allies and partners
 in ,europe and other countries around  
the world to impose visa bans1 targeted 
asset freezes1 sectoral sanctions1 and  
other measures on the ,russian          
,federation and its leadership with the 
goal of compelling it to end its        
violation of ,ukraine's sovereignty and 
territorial integrity1 to remove its    
military forces and equipment from      
,ukrainian territory1 and to end its    
support of separatist and paramilitary  
forces2  7#aj7 calls on the ,president  
to provide the ,government of ,ukraine  
with lethal and non-lethal defense      
articles1 services1 and training        
required to effectively defend its      
territory and sovereignty2  7#aa7 calls 
on the ,president to provide the        
,government of ,ukraine with appropriate
 intelligence and other relevant        

information in a timely manner to assist
 the ,government of ,ukraine to defend  
its territory and sovereignty2  7#ab7   
calls on ,north ,atlantic ,treaty       
,organization 7,,nato7 allies and       
,united ,states partners in ,europe and 
other nations around the world to       
suspend all military cooperation with   
,russia1 including prohibiting the sale 
to the ,russian ,government of lethal   
and non-lethal military equipment2      
7#ac7 reaffirms the commitment of the   
,united ,states to its obligations under
 the ,north ,atlantic ,treaty1          
especially ,article #e1 and calls on all
 ,alliance member states to provide     
their full share of the resources needed
 to ensure their collective defense2    
7#ad7 urges the ,president1 in          
consultation with ,congress1 to conduct 
a review of the force posture1          
readiness1 and responsibilities of      
,united ,states ,armed ,forces and the  
forces of other members of ,,nato to    
determine if the contributions and      

actions of each are sufficient to meet  
the obligations of collective           
self-defense under ,article #e of the   
,north ,atlantic ,treaty and to specify 
the measures needed to remedy any       
deficiencies2  7#ae7 welcomes the       
decision of ,france to indefinitely     
suspend the delivery of the             
,mistral-class warships to the ,russian 
,federation and urges the ,united       
,states1 ,france1 ,,nato1 and other     
partners to engage in consultations and 
consider all alternative acquisition    
options for such warships which would   
not include transfer of the ships to the
 ,russian ,federation2  7#af7 urges the 
,president to publicly hold the ,russian
 ,federation accountable for violations 
of its obligations under the            
,intermediate-,range ,nuclear ,forces   
7,,inf7 ,treaty and to take action to   
bring the ,russian ,federation back into
 compliance with the ,treaty2  7#ag7    
urges the ,president to work with       
,asian1 ,european1 and other allies to  

develop a comprehensive strategy to     
ensure the ,russian ,federation is not  
able to gain any benefit by its         
development of military systems that    
violate the ,,inf ,treaty2  7#ah7       
believes the emplacement by the ,russian
 ,federation of its nuclear weapons on  
,ukrainian territory would constitute a 
provocative and destabilizing move2     
7#ai7 calls on ,ukraine and other       
countries to support energy             
diversification initiatives to reduce   
the ability of the ,russian ,federation 
to use its energy exports as a means of 
applying political or economic pressure1
 including by promoting energy          
efficiency and reverse natural gas flows
 from ,western ,europe1 and calls on the
 ,united ,states to promote increased   
natural gas exports and energy          
efficiency2  7#bj7 calls on the         
,president and the ,united ,states      
,department of ,state to develop a      
strategy for multilateral coordination  
to produce or otherwise procure and     

distribute news and information in the  
,russian language to countries with     
significant ,russian-speaking           
populations which maximizes the use of  
existing platforms for content delivery 
such as the ,voice of ,america and      
,radio ,free ,europe_/,radio ,liberty   
7,,rfe_/,,rl71 ,incorporated1 leverages 
indigenous public-private partnerships  
for content production1 and seeks       
in-kind contributions from regional     
state governments2  7#ba7 calls on the  
,united ,states ,department of ,state to
 identify positions at key diplomatic   
posts in ,europe to evaluate the        
political1 economic1 and cultural       
influence of ,russia and ,russian       
state-sponsored media and to coordinate 
with host governments on appropriate    
responses2  7#bb7 calls on the ,russian 
,federation to cease its support for the
 ,assad regime in ,syria2  7#bc7 calls  
on the ,president to publicly and       
privately demand the ,russian           
,federation cease its destabilizing     

behavior at every opportunity and in    
every engagement between the ,united    
,states and its officials and the       
,russian ,federation and its officials2 
7#bd7 calls upon the ,russian           
,federation to seek a mutually          
beneficial relationship with the ,united
 ,states that is based on respect for   
the independence and sovereignty of all 
countries and their right to freely     
determine their future1 including their 
relationship with other nations and     
international organizations1 without    
interference1 intimidation1 or coercion 
by other countries2 and  7#be7 calls for
 the reestablishment of a close and     
cooperative relationship between the    
people of the ,united ,states and the   
,russian people based on the shared     
pursuit of democracy1 human rights1 and 
peace among all nations4  ,clerk4