,,iv #aac? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,,res4 #gad ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,septemb] #h1 #bjad ,mr4 ,faleomavaega 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,*abot1 ,mr4 ,engel1 ,ms4 ,ros-,leht951 & ,ms4 ,bordallo7 submitt$ ! foll[+ resolution2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ,,resolution ,reaffirm+ ! peaceful & collaborative resolution ( m>itime & jurisdictional disputes 9 ! ,s\? ,*9a ,sea & ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea z provid$ = by univ]sally recogniz$ pr9ciples ( int]national law1 & reaffirm+ ! /rong support ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t = fre$om ( navigation & o!r int]nationally lawful uses ( sea & airspace 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region4 ,:]eas ! m>itime doma9s ( ! ,asia-,pacific region1 :i* include bo? ! sea & airspace above ! doma9s1 are critical to ! region's prosp]ity1 /ability1 & security1 includ+ global comm]ce2 ,:]eas ! m>itime doma9 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region betwe5 ! ,pacific & ,indian ,oceans includes critical sea l9es ( comm]ce & communication2 ,:]eas ,*9a1 ,vietnam1 ! ,philipp9es1 ,taiwan1 ,malaysia1 & ,brunei h disput$ t]ritorial claims ov] ! ,spratly ,isl&s1 & ,*9a1 ,taiwan1 & ,vietnam h disput$ t]ritorial claims ov] ! ,p>acel ,isl&s2 ,:]eas1 al?\gh ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t is n a claimant 9 m>itime disputes 9 ei!r ! ,ea/ ,*9a or ,s\? ,*9a ,seas1 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has an int]e/ 9 ! peaceful diplomatic resolution ( disput$ claims 9 accordance ) int]national law1 9 fre$om ( navigation & ov]flight1 & 9 ! free-fl[ ( comm]ce free ( co]cion1 intimidation1 or ! use ( =ce2 ,:]eas 9 #bjjb1 ! ,association ( ,s\!a/ ,asian ,nations 7,,asean7 & ,*9a committ$ to develop+ an effective ,code ( ,conduct2 ,:]eas t decl>ation committ$ all p>ties to ^? t]ritorial disputes to reaffirm _! respect = & commitm5t to ! fre$om ( navigation 9 & ov] flight above ! ,s\? ,*9a ,sea z provid$ = by ! univ]sally recogniz$ pr9ciples ( int]national law1 & to resolve _! t]ritorial & jurisdictional disputes by peaceful means1 )\t resort+ to ! ?reat or use ( =ce2 ,:]eas s9ce t "t1 t5sions ov] ! disput$ m>itime & t]ritorial areas h increas$2 ,:]eas on ,septemb] #bjaj1 t5sions escalat$ 9 ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea ne> ! ,s5kaku 7,diaoyutai7 ,isl&s1 a t]ritory "u ! legal adm9i/ration ( ,japan1 :5 a ,*9ese fi%+ vessel delib]ately ramm$ ,japanese ,coa/ ,gu>d patrol boats2 ,:]eas on ,febru>y #be1 #bjaa1 a frigate f ! ,p's ,lib]ation ,army ,navy 7,,plan7 fir$ %ots at ?ree fi%+ boats f ! ,philipp9es2 ,:]eas on ,m>* #b1 #bjaa1 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,philipp9es report$ t two patrol boats f ,*9a attempt$ to ram "o ( its surveillance %ips2 ,:]eas on ,may #bf1 #bjaa1 a m>itime security vessel f ,*9a cut ! cables ( an exploration %ip f ,vietnam1 ! ,b9h ,m9h1 9 ! ,s\? ,*9a ,sea 9 wat]s ne> ,cam ,ranh ,bay 9 ! exclusive economic zone ( ,vietnam2 ,:]eas on ,may #ca1 #bjaa1 ?ree ,*9ese milit>y vessels us$ guns to ?reat5 ! crews ( f\r ,vietnamese fi%+ boats :ile !y 7 fi%+ 9 ! wat]s ( ! ,spratly ,isl&s2 ,:]eas on ,june #i1 #bjaa1 ?ree vessels f ,*9a1 includ+ "o fi%+ vessel & two m>itime security vessels1 ran into & disabl$ ! cables ( ano!r exploration %ip f ,vietnam1 ! ,vik+ #b1 9 ! exclusive economic zone ( ,vietnam2 ,:]eas on ,july #bb1 #bjaa1 an ,indian naval vessel1 sail+ ab\t #de nautical miles (f ! coa/ ( ,vietnam1 0 w>n$ by a ,*9ese naval vessel t x 0 alleg$ly violat+ ,*9ese t]ritorial wat]s2 ,:]eas 9 ,april #bjab1 t5sions escalat$ betwe5 ! ,philipp9es & ,*9a foll[+ a /&(f ov] ! ,sc>bor\gh ,%oal2 ,:]eas 9 ,june #bjab1 ,*9a's cab9et1 ! ,/ate ,c\ncil1 approv$ ! e/abli%m5t ( ! city ( ,san%a to ov]see ! areas claim$ by ,*9a 9 ! ,s\? ,*9a ,sea2 ,:]eas 9 ,july #bjab1 ,*9ese milit>y au?orities ann\nc$ t !y _h e/abli%$ a correspond+ ,san%a g>rison 9 ! new prefecture2 ,:]eas on ,june #bc1 #bjab1 ! ,*9a ,national ,(f%ore ,oil ,corporation invit$ bids = oil exploration 9 areas )9 #bjj nautical miles ( ! cont95tal %elf & )9 ! exclusive economic zone ( ,vietnam2 ,:]eas 9 ,janu>y #bjac1 a ,*9ese naval %ip alleg$ly fix$ its weapons-t>get+ rad> on ,japanese vessels 9 ! vic9ity ( ! ,s5kaku isl&s 9 ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea1 &1 on ,april #bc1 #bjac1 eight ,*9ese m>9e surveillance %ips ent]$ ! #ab-nautical-mile t]ritorial zone (f ! ,s5kaku ,isl&s1 fur!r escalat+ regional t5sions2 ,:]eas on ,may #i1 #bjac1 a fatal %oot+ incid5t occurr$ 9 :i* %ots fir$ f a ,philipp9e ,coa/ ,gu>d patrol boat result$ 9 ! dea? ( a ,taiwanese fi%]man2 ,:]eas on ,may #a1 #bjad1 ,*9a's /ate-own$ en]gy company1 ,,cnooc1 an*or$ its deepwat] drill+ rig ,hai ,yang ,%i ,y #iha 7,,hd-#iha7 9 ,vietnamese wat]s & deploy$ ov] #hj vessels1 includ+ sev5 milit>y vessels1 to support its provocative actions & attempt to *ange ! /atus quo by =ce2 ,:]eas ,*9ese vessels accompany+ ,hai ,yang ,%i ,y #iha 7,,hd-#iha7 intimidat$ ,vietnamese ,coa/ ,gu>d %ips 9 violation ( ! ,conv5tion on ! ,int]national ,regulations = ,prev5t+ ,collisions at ,sea1 ramm+ multiple ,vietnamese vessels1 & us+ helicopt]s & wat] cannons to ob/ruct o!rs2 ,:]eas on ,may #e1 #bjad1 vessels f ! ,m>itime ,safety ,adm9i/ration ( ,*9a 7,,msac7 e/abli%$ an exclusion zone ) a radius ( ?ree nautical miles ar\nd ,hai ,yang ,%i ,y #iha 7,,hd-#iha72 ,:]eas ,*9a's actions 9 support ( ! ,hai ,yang ,%i ,y #iha 7,,hd-#iha7 drill+ activity con/itute a unilat]al attempt to *ange ! /atus quo by =ce2 ,:]eas1 )\t prior consultations ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,japan1 ! ,republic ( ,korea or o!r nations ( ! ,asia-,pacific region1 ,*9a decl>$ an ,air ,def5se ,id5tification ,zone 7,,adiz7 ov] ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea on ,novemb] #bc1 #bjac2 ,:]eas ,*9a ann\nc$ t all aircraft1 ev5 if !y d n int5d to ent] ! ,,adiz airspace1 w\ld h to submit flight plans1 ma9ta9 radio contact1 & foll[ directions f ! ,*9ese ,m9i/ry ( ,national ,def5se or face em]g5cy def5sive measures2 ,:]eas ! rules ( engagem5t decl>$ by ,*9a1 includ+ ! em]g5cy def5sive measures1 are 9 violation ( ! concept ( due reg>d = ! safety ( civil aviation "u ! ,*icago ,conv5tion ( ! ,int]national ,civil ,aviation ,organization & !reby are a dep>ture f accept$ practice2 ,:]eas ,*9a's decl>ation ( an ,,adiz ov] ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea has contribut$ to increas$ unc]ta9ty & unsafe conditions 9 ! m>itime region 9 ,ea/ ,asia & ! broad] ,asia-,pacific region2 ,:]eas fre$om ( navigation & o!r lawful uses ( sea & airspace 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region are embodi$ 9 int]national law1 n grant$ by c]ta9 /ates to o!rs2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t express$ pr(\nd conc]ns ) ,*9a's unilat]al1 provocative1 dang]\s1 & de/abiliz+ decl>ation ( su* a zone1 includ+ ! pot5tial = misund]/&+s & miscalculations by aircraft op]at+ lawfully 9 int]national airspace2 ,:]eas ,*9a's decl>ation ( an ,,adiz 9 ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea w n alt] h[ ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t conducts op]ations 9 ! region or ! unwav]+ ,unit$ ,/ates commitm5t to peace1 security & /ability 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region2 ,:]eas o!r gov]nm5ts 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region1 includ+ ! ,gov]nm5ts ( ,japan1 ,korea1 ,philipp9es1 ,au/ralia & ,indonesia h express$ deep conc]n ab\t ,*9a's decl>ation ( su* a zone1 reg>d+ x z an ef=t to unduly infr+e ^u ! fre$om ( flight 9 int]national airspace & to *ange ! /atus quo t c\ld escalate t5sions & pot5tially cause un9t5tional consequ5ces 9 ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t does n support unilat]al actions tak5 by any claimant seek+ to *ange ! /atus quo ?r\gh ! use ( co]cion1 intimidation1 or milit>y =ce2 ,:]eas ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t is deeply conc]n$ ab\t unilat]al actions tak5 by any /ate to prev5t any o!r /ate f ex]cis+ its sov]eign rights to ! res\rces ( ! exclusive economic zone 7,,eez7 & cont95tal %elf by mak+ claims to ^? areas t h no app>5t basis 9 int]national law2 decl>ations ( adm9i/rative & milit>y di/ricts 9 conte/$ areas 9 ! ,s\? & ,ea/ ,*9a ,seas2 & ! imposition ( new fi%+ regulations cov]+ disput$ areas1 :i* h rais$ t5sions 9 ! region2 ,:]eas int]national law is important to safegu>d ! rights & fre$oms ( all /ates 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region2 & ,:]eas a peaceful & prosp]\s ,*9a1 :i* acts z a responsible int]national /akehold] & :i* respects int]national laws1 /&>ds1 & in/itutions1 w enhance security & peace 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region3 ,n[1 !re=e1 be x ,t ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives-- 7#a7 reaffirms ! /rong support ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! peaceful resolution ( m>itime t]ritorial disputes 9 ! ,s\? ,*9a ,sea & ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea & pl$ges cont9u$ ef=ts to facilitate a collaborative1 peaceful process to resolve ^! disputes2 7#b7 reaffirms ! /rong support = fre$om ( navigation & ov] flight & condemns co]cive & ?reat5+ actions or ! use ( =ce to imp$e ^! fre$oms 9 int]national m>itime doma9s & airspace by milit>y or civilian vessels1 to alt] ! /atus quo or to de/abilize ! ,asia-,pacific region2 7#c7 urges ,*9a to refra9 f implem5t+ ! decl>$ ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea ,air ,def5se ,id5tification ,zone 7,,adiz71 :i* is contr>y to fre$om ( ov]flight 9 int]national airspace1 & to refra9 f tak+ simil> provocative actions else:]e 9 ! ,asia-,pacific region2 7#d7 urges ! ,association ( ,s\!a/ ,asian ,nations 7,,asean71 all ,unit$ ,/ates allies & p>tn]s1 & all claimants to amiably & fairly resolve ^! out/&+ disputes1 includ+ ?r\gh develop+ a ,code ( ,conduct = ! ,s\? ,*9a ,sea2 7#e7 supports ! cont9uation ( op]ations by ! ,unit$ ,/ates to support fre$om ( navigation 9 int]national wat]s & air space 9 ! ,s\? ,*9a ,sea & ! ,ea/ ,*9a ,sea2 & 7#f7 enc\rages ! cont9uation ( ef=ts by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t to /r5g!n p>tn]%ips 9 ! region to build capacity = m>itime doma9 aw>5ess 9 support ( fre$om ( navigation1 ma9t5ance ( peace & /ability1 & respect = univ]sally recogniz$ pr9ciples ( int]national law4