,i #aacth ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #eegf ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of ,,representatives ,september #ah1 #bjad ,mr4 ,crowley 7for himself and ,mr4 ,ellison7 introduced the following bill2 which was referred to the ,committee on ,ways and ,means ,a ,,bill ,to establish ,u,s,accounts1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents 7a7 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad4 7b7 ,table of contents ,the table of contents for this ,act is as follows3 ,sec4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents4 ,sec4 #b4 ,findings4 ,sec4 #c4 ,u,s,account ,fund4 ,sec4 #d4 ,u,s,accounts4 ,sec4 #e4 ,assignment1 alienation1 and treatment of deceased individuals4 ,sec4 #f4 ,rules governing ,u,s,accounts relating to investment1 accounting1 and reporting4 ,sec4 #g4 ,u,s,account ,fund ,board4 ,sec4 #h4 ,fiduciary responsibilities4 ,sec4 #i4 ,accounts disregarded in determining eligibility for ,federal benefits4 ,sec4 #aj4 ,reports4 ,sec4 #aa4 ,tax provisions4 7c7 ,definitions ,for purposes of this ,act-- 7#a7 ,u,s,account ,fund ,the term ,u,s,account ,fund means the fund established under section #c4 7#b7 ,u,s,account ,the term ,u,s,account means an account established under section #d4 7#c7 ,secretary ,the term ,secretary means the ,secretary of the ,treasury or the ,secretary's delegate4 7#d7 ,u,s,account ,fund ,board ,the term ,u,s,account ,fund ,board means the board established pursuant to section #g4 7#e7 ,executive ,director ,the term ,executive ,director means the executive director appointed pursuant to section #g4 #b4 ,findings ,the ,congress finds the following3 7#a7 ,there is a strong link between savings and economic opportunity4 ,children in the poorest fifth of households who manage to move up the income ladder as adults have almost ten times the wealth of those who remain at the bottom4 7#b7 ,even a small amount of children's savings can have a significant impact on college success1 a key driver of economic mobility4 ,low- and moderate-income children with less than #ejj saved for college are three times more likely to enroll in college and four times more likely to graduate than children with no savings4 7#c7 ,most working families in ,america lack savings and face financial insecurity as a result4 #dd percent of families are 8liquid asset poor10 meaning they lack accessible savings to survive for three months at the ,federal poverty level4 7#d7 ,families with children face additional barriers to building savings4 ,these families are more likely than childless households to live in asset poverty4 7#e7 ,the ,great ,recession has exacerbated financial insecurity for millions of ,american families4 ,between #bjji and #bjaa1 the bottom #ic percent of households saw a drop in net worth1 while the wealthiest #g percent of households saw a significant increase in net worth4 7#f7 ,children's savings accounts programs are evidence-based and have been tested throughout the country4 ,in #bjjc1 the ,saving for ,education1 ,entrepreneurship1 and ,downpayment 7,,seed7 national demonstration project was established to evaluate the policy and practice of savings accounts for children4 ,,seed found that even very low-income parents will save and invest for their children's future if given the opportunity4 7#g7 ,since #bjji1 publicly funded1 universal children's savings accounts programs have launched citywide in ,san ,francisco1 ,california1 countywide in ,cuyahoga ,county1 ,ohio1 and statewide in ,nevada and ,maine4 ,additional children's savings programs serving thousands of children have launched or are launching in ,colorado1 ,hawaii1 ,illinois1 ,kansas1 ,michigan1 ,minnesota1 ,mississippi1 ,new ,mexico1 ,new ,york1 ,pennsylvania1 ,south ,dakota1 ,texas1 ,washington1 and ,washington1 ,,dc4 7#h7 ,in order to expand economic opportunity and spur economic growth1 the ,united ,states should promote savings and investments for all ,americans4 #c4 ,u,s,account ,fund 7a7 ,establishment ,there is established in the ,treasury of the ,united ,states a fund to be known as the ,u,s,account ,fund4 7b7 ,amounts held by ,fund ,the ,u,s,account ,fund consists of the sum of all amounts paid into the ,fund under this ,act1 increased by the total net earnings from investments of sums held in the ,fund or reduced by the total net losses from investments of sums held in the ,fund1 and reduced by the total amount of payments made from the ,fund 7including payments for administrative expenses74 7c7 ,use of ,fund 7#a7 ,in general ,the sums in the ,u,s,account ,fund are appropriated and shall remain available without fiscal year limitation-- 7,a7 to make contributions to ,u,s,accounts1 7,b7 to invest under section #f1 7,c7 to make distributions in accordance with this ,act1 7,d7 to pay the administrative expenses of carrying out this ,act1 and 7,e7 to purchase insurance as provided in section #h7;c77#b74 7#b7 ,exclusive purposes ,the sums in the ,u,s,account ,fund shall not be appropriated for any purpose other than the purposes specified in this section and may not be used for any other purpose4 7d7 ,transfers to ,u,s,account ,fund ,the ,secretary shall make transfers from the general fund of the ,treasury to the ,u,s,account ,fund as follows3 7#a7 ,automatic contribution ,upon receipt of a certification under section #d7;b77#b7 with respect to an individual1 the ,secretary shall transfer #ejj to the ,u,s,account of the individual4 7#b7 ,matching contributions ,upon receipt of each certification under section #d7;d7 with respect to an individual1 the ,secretary shall transfer the matching amount to the ,u,s,account of the individual4 7e7 ,private contributions ,the ,executive ,director shall pay into the ,u,s,account ,fund such amounts as are contributed under section #d7;c74 7f7 ,prohibition on ,use of ,payroll ,taxes ,to ,fund ,u,s,accounts ,the ,u,s,account ,fund and ,u,s,accounts are wholly separate and unique from the ,social ,security system4 ,no amount from any tax on employment may be contributed to the ,u,s,account ,fund or ,u,s,accounts4 #d4 ,u,s,accounts 7a7 ,in general 7#a7 ,establishment ,the ,executive ,director shall establish in the ,u,s,account ,fund an account 7to be known as a ,u,s,account7 for each qualifying child certified under subsection 7b74 ,each such account shall be identified to its account holder by means of a unique personal identifier currently recognized by the ,internal ,revenue ,service and shall remain in the ,u,s,account ,fund unless transferred to private management under subsection 7g74 7#b7 ,account balance ,the balance in an account holder's ,u,s,account at any time is the excess of-- 7,a7 the sum of-- 7i7 all deposits made into the ,u,s,account ,fund and credited to the account under paragraph 7#c71 and 7ii7 the total amount of allocations made to and reductions made in the account pursuant to paragraph 7#d71 over 7,b7 the amounts paid out of the account with respect to such individual under subsection 7d74 7#c7 ,crediting of contributions ,pursuant to regulations which shall be prescribed by the ,executive ,director1 the ,executive ,director shall credit to each ,u,s,account the amounts paid into the ,u,s,account ,fund under section #c7;d7 which are attributable to the account holder of such account4 7#d7 ,allocation of earnings and losses ,the ,executive ,director shall allocate to each ,u,s,account an amount equal to the net earnings and net losses from each investment of sums in the ,u,s,account ,fund which are attributable1 on a pro rata basis1 to sums credited to such account1 reduced by an appropriate share of the administrative expenses paid out of the net earnings1 as determined by the ,executive ,director4 7b7 ,qualifying child ,for purposes of this ,act-- 7#a7 ,in general ,the term qualifying child has the meaning given such term by section #bd7;c7 of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf4 7#b7 ,certification of account holders ,on the date on which a qualifying child is registered for a ,u,s,account1 the ,secretary shall certify to the ,executive ,director the name of such qualifying child4 7c7 ,private contributions 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,executive ,director shall accept cash contributions for payment into the ,u,s,account ,fund if such contribution is identified 7in such manner as the ,executive ,director may require7 with the account holder of a ,u,s,account to whom it is to be credited at the time the contribution is made4 7#b7 ,alternative methods of contribution 7,a7 ,payroll deduction ,under regulations prescribed by the ,executive ,director and at the election of the employer1 contributions under paragraph 7#a7 may be made through payroll deductions4 7,b7 ,tax refunds ,under regulations prescribed by the ,secretary1 contributions under paragraph 7#a7 may be made by an election to contribute all or a portion of the tax refund of the contributor4 7#c7 ,annual limitation ,no contribution may be accepted under paragraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 unless it is in cash1 7,b7 after the date on which the ,u,s,account holder ceases to be a qualifying child1 and 7,c7 except in the case of matching contributions under subsection 7d71 if such contribution would result in aggregate contributions for the calendar year exceeding #b1jjj4 7d7 ,government matching contribution 7#a7 ,in general ,upon such showing as the ,executive ,director may require to establish the basis for certification1 the ,executive ,director shall1 with respect to each private contribution to the account of an account holder which is made before such account holder attains age #ah1 certify to the ,secretary the matching amount with respect to such contribution4 7#b7 ,matching amount 7,a7 ,in general ,for purposes of this subsection1 the term matching amount means1 an amount equal to #ajj percent of private contributions to the ,u,s,account of an individual during any calendar year beginning after the calendar year in which the ,u,s,account is established1 not in excess of #ejj for the calendar year4 7,b7 ,phaseout based on earned income credit phaseout ,the #ejj in subparagraph 7,a7 shall be reduced 7but not below zero7 by an amount equal to the phaseout percentage of so much of the adjusted gross income 7or1 if greater1 the earned income7 of the taxpayer for the taxable year as exceeds the phaseout amount4 ,for purposes of this paragraph1 terms used in the preceding sentence which are used in section #cb of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf shall have the meanings given such terms by such section #cb4 7#c7 ,private contribution ,for purposes of this subsection1 the term private contribution means a contribution accepted under subsection 7c74 7e7 ,distributions 7#a7 ,in general ,no amount may be distributed from a ,u,s,account before the date on which the account holder attains the age of #ah4 7#b7 ,higher education expenses ,paragraph 7#a7 shall not apply to amounts paid for qualified tuition and related expenses 7as defined in section #be;,a7f77#a77 of the account holder if the account holder is an eligible student 7as defined in section #be;,a7b77#c77 with respect to such expenses4 7#c7 ,rollover ,distributions from a ,u,s,account after the date on which the account holder attains the age of #ah which1 within #fj days of such distribution1 are transferred to an individual retirement plan 7as defined in section #ggja7;a77#cg7 of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf7 of the account holder shall be treated as a rollover contribution which meets the requirements of section #djh7;d77#c7 of such ,code4 7#d7 ,account termination 7,a7 ,in general ,on the date on which the account holder attains age #ai1 the account shall cease to be treated as a ,u,s,account and any remaining funds in the account shall be distributed to the account holder's retirement savings vehicle established pursuant to the ,presidential ,memorandum on ,retirement ,savings ,security issued ,january #bh1 #bjad4 7,b7 ,special rule relating to ,my,i,r,a ,amounts transferred to a savings vehicle under subparagraph 7,a7 may be distributed from such vehicles during the #aj-year period beginning on the date of such transfer without any penalty under the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf4 7f7 ,rights of legal guardian ,until the account holder of a ,u,s,account attains age #ah1 any rights or duties of the account holder under this ,act with respect to such account shall be exercised or performed by the legal guardian of such account holder4 7g7 ,private management 7#a7 ,in general ,the account holder of a ,u,s,account may elect1 under regulations prescribed by the ,secretary1 to transfer the ,u,s,account to a trustee who meets the requirements of paragraph 7#b74 7#b7 ,trustee requirements ,a trustee meets the requirements of this paragraph if the trustee-- 7,a7 is a bank 7as defined in section #djh7n77 or another person who demonstrates to the satisfaction of the ,secretary that the manner in which that person will administer the ,u,s,account will be consistent with the requirements of this ,act or who has so demonstrated with respect to any ,u,s,account1 7,b7 agrees to a cap on its fees and costs1 as determined by the ,treasury1 for the management of ,u,s,accounts1 7,c7 provides an investment fund that maximizes growth over time while minimizing risk1 and 7,d7 provides the safeguards with respect to ,u,s,accounts required by the ,secretary4 7#c7 ,additional requirements ,for purposes of this subsection1 rules similar to the rules of paragraphs 7#c71 7#d71 and 7#e7 of section #djh of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf shall apply4 7h7 ,adjustment for inflation 7#a7 ,in general ,for each calendar year beginning after #bjae1 the dollar amounts under sections #c7;d77#a71 #d7;c77#c77;,c71 and #d7;d77#b7 shall each be increased by such dollar amount multiplied by the cost-of-living adjustment determined under section #a7;f77#c7 of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf determined by substituting calendar year #bjad for calendar year #aiib in subparagraph 7,b7 thereof4 7#b7 ,rounding ,if any amount adjusted under clause 7i7 is not a multiple of #ej1 such amount shall be rounded to the next lowest multiple of #ej4 #e4 ,assignment1 alienation1 and treatment of deceased individuals 7a7 ,assignment and alienation ,under regulations which shall be prescribed by the ,executive ,director1 rules relating to assignment and alienation applicable under chapter #hd of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code1 with respect to amounts held in accounts in the ,thrift ,savings ,fund shall apply with respect to amounts held in ,u,s,accounts in the ,u,s,account ,fund4 7b7 ,treatment of accounts of deceased individuals ,in the case of a deceased account holder of a ,u,s,account which has an account balance greater than zero1 upon receipt of notification of such individual's death1 the ,executive ,director shall close the account and shall transfer the balance in such account to the duly appointed legal representative of the estate of the deceased account holder1 or if there is no such representative1 to the person or persons determined to be entitled thereto under the laws of the domicile of the deceased account holder4 #f4 ,rules governing ,u,s,accounts relating to investment1 accounting1 and reporting 7a7 ,default investment program ,the ,u,s,account ,fund ,board shall establish a default investment program under which1 in a manner similar to a lifecycle investment program1 sums in each ,u,s,account are allocated to investment funds in the ,u,s,account ,fund based on the amount of time before the account holder attains the age of #ah4 ,each account holder of a ,u,s,account shall be enrolled in such program unless such account holder1 in such form and manner as prescribed by the ,executive ,director1 elects otherwise4 7b7 ,other rules 7#a7 ,in general ,under regulations which shall be prescribed by the ,executive ,director1 and subject to the provisions of this ,act1 the following provisions shall apply with respect to the ,u,s,account ,fund and accounts maintained in such ,fund in the same manner and to the same extent as such provisions relate to the ,thrift ,savings ,fund and the accounts maintained in the ,thrift ,savings ,fund3 7,a7 ,section #hdch of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code 7relating to investment of the ,thrift ,savings ,fund74 7,b7 ,section #hdci7;b7 of such title 7relating to engagement of independent qualified public accountant74 7,c7 ,section #hdci7;c7 of such title 7relating to periodic statements and summary descriptions of investment options74 7,d7 ,section #hdci7;d7 of such title 7relating to assumption of risk74 7#b7 ,application rules ,for purposes of paragraph 7#a71 references in such sections #hdch and #hdci to an employee1 ,member1 former employee1 or former ,member shall be deemed references to an account holder of a ,u,s,account in the ,u,s,account ,fund4 7c7 ,confidentiality and disclosure 7#a7 ,in general ,except as otherwise authorized by ,federal law1 the ,u,s,account ,fund ,board1 the ,executive ,director1 and any employee of the ,u,s,account ,fund ,board shall not disclose information with respect to the ,u,s,account ,fund and or any account maintained in such ,fund4 7#b7 ,disclosure to designee of beneficiary ,the ,executive ,director may1 subject to such requirements and conditions as he may prescribe by regulations1 disclose such information with respect to the ,u,s,account of the beneficiary to such person or persons as the beneficiary may designate in a request for or consent to such disclosure1 or to any other person at the beneficiary's request to the extent necessary to comply with a request for information or assistance made by the beneficiary to such other person4 #g4 ,u,s,account ,fund ,board 7a7 ,in general ,there is established in the executive branch of the ,government a ,u,s,account ,fund ,board4 7b7 ,composition1 duties1 and responsibilities ,subject to the provisions of this ,act1 the following provisions shall apply with respect to the ,u,s,account ,fund ,board in the same manner and to the same extent as such provisions relate to the ,federal ,retirement ,thrift ,investment ,board3 7#a7 ,section #hdgb of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code 7relating to composition of ,federal ,retirement ,thrift ,investment ,board74 7#b7 ,section #hdgd of such title 7relating to ,executive ,director74 7#c7 ,section #hdge of such title 7relating to investment policies74 7#d7 ,section #hdgf of such title 7relating to administrative provisions74 #h4 ,fiduciary responsibilities 7a7 ,in general ,under regulations of the ,secretary of ,labor1 the provisions of sections #hdgg and #hdgh of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code1 shall apply in connection with the ,u,s,account ,fund and the accounts maintained in such ,fund in the same manner and to the same extent as such provisions apply in connection with the ,thrift ,savings ,fund and the accounts maintained in the ,thrift ,savings ,fund4 7b7 ,investigative authority ,any authority available to the ,secretary of ,labor under section #ejd of the ,employee ,retirement ,income ,security ,act of #aigd 7#bi ,u4,s4,c4 #aacd7 is hereby made available to the ,secretary of ,labor1 and any officer designated by the ,secretary of ,labor1 to determine whether any person has violated1 or is about to violate1 any provision applicable under subsection 7a74 7c7 ,exculpatory provisions2 insurance 7#a7 ,in general ,any provision in an agreement or instrument which purports to relieve a fiduciary from responsibility or liability for any responsibility1 obligation1 or duty under this ,act shall be void4 7#b7 ,insurance ,amounts in the ,u,s,account ,fund available for administrative expenses shall be available and may be used at the discretion of the ,executive ,director to purchase insurance to cover potential liability of persons who serve in a fiduciary capacity with respect to the ,fund and accounts maintained therein1 without regard to whether a policy of insurance permits recourse by the insurer against the fiduciary in the case of a breach of a fiduciary obligation4 #i4 ,accounts disregarded in determining eligibility for ,federal benefits ,amounts in any ,u,s,account shall not be taken into account in determining any individual's or household's financial eligibility for1 or amount of1 any benefit or service1 paid for in whole or in part with ,federal funds1 including student financial aid4 #aj4 ,reports ,the ,executive ,director1 in consultation with the ,secretary1 shall annually transmit a written report to the ,congress4 ,such report shall include-- 7#a7 a detailed description of the status and operation of the ,u,s,account ,fund and the management of the ,u,s,accounts1 and 7#b7 a detailed accounting of the administrative expenses in carrying out this ,act1 including the ratio of such administrative expenses to the balance of the ,u,s,account ,fund and the methodology adopted by the ,executive ,director for allocating such expenses among the ,u,s,accounts4 #aa4 ,tax provisions 7a7 ,tax treatment of ,u,s,accounts ,subchapter ,f of chapter #a of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf is amended by adding at the end the following new part3 ,,ix ,u,s,account ,fund and ,u,s,accounts ,sec4 #ecj;,a4 ,u,s,account ,fund and ,u,s,accounts4 #ecj;,a4 ,u,s,account ,fund and ,u,s,accounts 7a7 ,general ,rule ,the ,u,s,account ,fund and ,u,s,accounts shall be exempt from taxation under this subtitle4 ,notwithstanding the preceding sentence1 a ,u,s,account shall be subject to the taxes imposed by section #eaa 7relating to imposition of tax on unrelated business income of charitable organizations74 7b7 ,definitions ,for purposes of this section1 the terms ,u,s,account ,fund and ,u,s,account have the meanings given such terms by the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad4 7c7 ,tax treatment of distributions ,any amount paid or distributed out of a ,u,s,account-- 7#a7 which meets the distribution rules of the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad shall not be includible in gross income1 and 7#b7 which does not meet the distribution rules of section #d7;d7 of such ,act shall be included in the gross income of the account holder4 4 7b7 ,enforcement provisions relating to private management of ,u,s,accounts 7#a7 ,excess contributions ,section #digc of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf is amended-- 7,a7 by striking or at the end of subsection 7a77#d71 by inserting or at the end of subsection 7a77#e71 and by inserting after subsection 7a77#e7 the following new paragraph3 7#e7 a ,u,s,account subject to management under section #d7;g7 of the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad1 1 and 7,b7 by adding at the end the following new subsection3 7h7 ,excess contributions to privately managed ,u,s,accounts ,for purposes of this section1 in the case of a ,u,s,account subject to management under section #d7;g7 of the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad1 the term excess contributions means the sum of-- 7#a7 the aggregate amount contributed for the taxable year to the account1 and 7#b7 the amount determined under this subsection for the preceding taxable year1 reduced by the sum of-- 7,a7 the distributions out of the account1 and 7,b7 the excess 7if any7 of-- 7i7 the maximum amount allowable as a contribution under section #d7;c77#c77;,c7 of the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad for the taxable year1 over 7ii7 the amount contributed to the account for the taxable year4 4 7#b7 ,prohibited transactions ,section #dige of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf is amended-- 7,a7 by adding at the end of subsection 7c7 the following new paragraph3 7#g7 ,special rule for ,u,s,accounts ,an individual for whose benefit a ,u,s,account subject to management under section #d7;g7 of the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad shall be exempt from the tax imposed by this section with respect to any transaction concerning such account 7which would otherwise be taxable under this section7 if1 with respect to such transaction1 the account ceases to be a ,u,s,account by reason of the application of section #ecj;,a7c77#b7 to such account4 1 and 7,b7 in subsection 7e77#a7 by redesignating subparagraph 7,g7 as subparagraph 7,h7 and by inserting after subparagraph 7,f7 the following new subparagraph3 7,g7 a ,u,s,account subject to management under section #d7;g7 of the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad1 4 7c7 ,increase in child tax credit 7#a7 ,in general ,section #bd of the ,internal ,revenue ,code of #aihf is amended by adding at the end the following3 7g7 ,u,s,account contributions ,for purposes of this section-- 7#a7 ,in general ,the amount allowed as a credit under subsection 7a7 shall be increased by the ,u,s,account contribution amount4 7#b7 ,u,s,account contribution amount ,the term ,u,s,account contribution amount means with respect to each qualifying child the amount contributed by the taxpayer to the ,u,s,account of the taxpayer for the taxable year which is taken into account under section #d7;d77#b77;,b77i7 of the ,u,s,accounts3 ,investing in ,america's ,future ,act of #bjad4 7#c7 ,limitation ,the amount under paragraph 7#b7 shall be reduced 7but not below zero7 under subsection 7b77#a7 in the same manner as the credit under subsection 7a7 is reduced under subsection 7b77#a74 7#d7 ,amount fully refundable ,the aggregate credits allowed to the taxpayer under subpart ,c shall be increased by the amount of the increase under this subsection and such amount-- 7,a7 shall not be treated as a credit allowed under this subpart1 and 7,b7 shall reduce the amount of credit otherwise allowable under subsection 7a7 without regard to section #bf7;a74 4 7#b7 ,effective date ,the amendment made by subsection 7a7 shall apply to taxable years beginning after ,december #ca1 #bjad4