,,ii ,cal5d> ,no4 #dej #aac? ,,congress #b;d ,session ,h4 ,r4 #cbab ,report ,no4 #aac-bjd ,,9 ,,! ,,s5ate ,,( ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,decemb] #ab 7legislative day1 ,decemb] #aa71 #bjac,receiv$ ,decemb] #ag1 #bjac,read twice & ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ,june #bf1 #bjad,report$ by ,mr4 ,m55dez1 ) an amendment,strike out all aft] ! enact+ clause & ins]t ! "p pr9t$ 9 italic ,,an ,,act ,to ensure compliance ) ! #aihj ,hague ,conv5tion on ! ,civil ,aspects ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction by c\ntries ) :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates enjoys reciprocal obligations1 to e/abli% proc$ures = ! prompt return ( *ildr5 abduct$ to o!r c\ntries1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title & table ( cont5ts 7a7 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,sean & ,david ,goldman ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction ,prev5tion & ,return ,act ( #bjac4 7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title & table ( cont5ts4,sec4 #b4 ,f9d+s2 s5se ( ,congress2 purposes4,sec4 #c4 ,def9itions4,title ,i--,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate ,actions,sec4 #aja4 ,annual report4,sec4 #ajb4 ,/&>ds & assi/ance4,sec4 #ajc4 ,memor&um ( und]/&+4,sec4 #ajd4 ,notification ( congressional repres5tatives4,title ,,ii--,presid5tial ,actions,sec4 #bja4 ,presid5tial actions 9 response to unresolv$ cases4,sec4 #bjb4 ,presid5tial actions 9 response to patt]ns ( noncoop]ation 9 cases ( int]national *ild abductions4,sec4 #bjc4 ,consultations ) =eign gov]nm5ts4,sec4 #bjd4 ,report to ,congress4,sec4 #bje4 ,presid5tial actions4,sec4 #bjf4 ,presid5tial waiv]4,sec4 #bjg4 ,publication 9 ,f$]al ,regi/]4,sec4 #bjh4 ,t]m9ation ( ,presid5tial actions4 #b4 ,f9d+s2 s5se ( ,congress2 purposes 7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,sean ,goldman1 a ,unit$ ,/ates citiz5 & resid5t ( ,new ,j]sey1 0 abduct$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #bjjd & sep>at$ f 8 fa!r1 ,david ,goldman1 :o sp5t ne>ly six ye>s battl+ = ! return ( 8 son f ,brazil be=e ,sean 0 f9ally return$ to ,mr4 ,goldman's cu/ody on ,decemb] #bd1 #bjji4 7#b7 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate's ,(fice ( ,*ildr5's ,issues1 :i* s]ves z ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! purposes ( ! #aihj ,hague ,conv5tion on ! ,civil ,aspects ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction1 has receiv$ ?\s&s ( reque/s s9ce #bjjg = assi/ance 9 ! return to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( *ildr5 :o h be5 abduct$ by a p>5t or o!r legal gu>dian to ano!r c\ntry4 ,= a v>iety ( reasons reflect+ ! significant ob/acles to ! recov]y ( abduct$ *ildr51 z well z ! legal & factual complexity involv+ su* cases1 n all cases are report$ to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#c7 ,m ?an "o ?\s& outgo+ int]national *ild abductions are report$ to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates e ye>4 7#d7 ,only ab\t half ( ! *ildr5 abduct$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates to c\ntries ) :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates enjoys reciprocal obligations "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion are return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#e7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,conv5tion c\ntries h express$ _! desire1 ?r\gh ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 to protect *ildr5 int]nationally f ! h>mful effects ( _! wrongful removal or ret5tion & to e/abli% proc$ures to ensure _! prompt return to ! ,/ate ( _! habitual resid5ce1 z well z to secure protection = rights ( access44 7#f7 ,compliance by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,conv5tion c\ntries dep5ds on ! actions ( _! designat$ c5tral au?orities1 ! p]=mance ( _! judici>ies z reflect$ 9 ! legal process & decisions r5d]$ to en=ce or effectuate ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 & ! ability & will+ness ( _! law en=cem5t to insure ! swift en=cem5t ( ord]s r5d]$ pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion4 7#g7 ,accord+ to data compil$ by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 approximately #dj p]c5t ( abduction cases & access cases involve *ildr5 tak5 f ! ,unit$ ,/ates to c\ntries ) :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates does n h ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion obligations or o!r agreem5ts relat+ to ! resolution ( abduction cases & access cases4 7#h7 ,accord+ to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate's ,april #bjaj ,report on ,compliance ) ! ,hague ,conv5tion on ! ,civil ,aspects ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction1 p>5tal *ild abduction jeop>dizes ! *ild & has sub/antial long-t]m consequ5ces = bo? ! *ild & ! left-beh9d p>5t44 7#i7 ,abduct$ *ildr5 are at risk ( s]i\s emotional & psy*ological problems & h be5 f\nd to exp]i5ce anxiety1 eat+ problems1 nightm>es1 mood sw+s1 sleep di/urbances1 aggressive behavior1 res5tm5t1 guilt & fe>fulness1 & z adults may /ruggle ) id5tity issues1 p]sonal relation%ips1 & p>5t+4 7#aj7 ,left-beh9d p>5ts may enc\nt] sub/antial psy*ological & emotional problems1 & few h ! extraord9>y f9ancial res\rces necess>y to pursue individual civil or crim9al rem$ies 9 bo? ! ,unit$ ,/ates & a =eign c\ntry1 ev5 :]e available1 or to engage 9 repeat$ =eign travel to attempt to procure ! return ( _! *ildr5 by evok+ diplomatic & humanit>ian rem$ies4 7#aa7 ,left-beh9d p>5ts :o are milit>y p>5ts may be unable to leave _! milit>y duties to pursue mult9ational litigation or take leave to att5d multiple c\rt proce$+s1 & =eign au?orities may n s*$ule proce$+s to accommodate su* duties4 7b7 ,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld set a /rong example = ,conv5tion c\ntries 9 ! timely location & return ( abduct$ *ildr5 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ^: habitual resid5ce is n ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7c7 ,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is ,act are to-- 7#a7 protect *ildr5 ^: habitual resid5ce is ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ! h>mful effects ( abduction & to assi/ left-beh9d p>5ts to h access to _! abduct$ *ild 9 a safe & pr$ictable mann]1 :]ev] ! *ild is locat$1 :ile an abduction case is p5d+2 7#b7 provide left-beh9d p>5ts1 includ+ milit>y p>5ts1 _! advocates1 & judges ! in=mation !y ne$ to enhance ! resolution ( abduction cases & access cases ?r\gh e/abli%$ legal proc$ures1 risk assessm5t tools1 & ! practical means = ov]com+ ob/acles to recov]+ an abduct$ *ild2 7#c7 e/abli% measur$1 effective1 & pr$ictable actions to be und]tak5 by ! ,presid5t on behalf ( abduct$ *ildr5 ^: habitual resid5ce is ! ,unit$ ,/ates at ! "t ( ! abduction2 7#d7 promote an int]national cons5sus t x is 9 ! int]e/ ( *ildr5 to h any issues relat$ to _! c>e & cu/ody det]m9$ 9 ! c\ntry ( _! habitual resid5ce2 7#e7 provide ! necess>y tra9+ = (ficials ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces & ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se to e/abli% policies & provide s]vices to milit>y p>5ts t address ! unique circum/ances ( abductions & violations ( rights ( access t may occur ) reg>d to milit>y dep5d5t *ildr52 & 7#f7 enc\rage ! effective implem5tation ( int]national me*anisms1 p>ticul>ly ^? e/abli%$ pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 to a*ieve reciprocity 9 ! resolution ( abductions & to protect *ildr5 f ! h>mful effects ( an abduction4 #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,abduct$ *ild ,! t]m abduct$ *ild means a *ild :o is ! victim ( an abduction4 7#b7 ,abduction ,! t]m abduction means-- 7,a7 ! alleg$ wrongful removal ( a *ild f ! *ild's c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce2 7,b7 ! alleg$ wrongful ret5tion ( a *ild outside ! *ild's c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce2 or 7,c7 ! alleg$ wrongful removal or ret5tion ( a milit>y dep5d5t *ild f ! ex]cise ( rights ( cu/ody ( a milit>y p>5t4 7#c7 ,abduction case ,! t]m abduction case means a case involv+ an application fil$ ) ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by a left-beh9d p>5t = ! resolution ( an abduction4 7#d7 ,access case ,! t]m access case means a case involv+ an application fil$ ) ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by a left-beh9d p>5t = ! e/abli%m5t ( rights ( access4 7#e7 ,annual report ,! t]m ,annual ,report means ! ,annual ,report on ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction requir$ "u section #aja4 7#f7 ,application ,! t]m application means-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( a ,conv5tion c\ntry1 ! application requir$ pursuant to article #h ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 7,b7 9 ! case ( an ,,m\ c\ntry1 ! =mal docum5t requir$ pursuant to ! provisions ( ! applicable ,,m\ to reque/ ! return ( an abduct$ *ild or to reque/ rights ( access1 z applicable2 & 7,c7 9 ! case ( a nonp>ty c\ntry1 ! =mal reque/ by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( su* c\ntry reque/+ ! return ( an abduct$ *ild or = rights ( access to an abduct$ *ild4 7#g7 ,appropriate congressional committees ,! t]m appropriate congressional committees means ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives & ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( ! ,s5ate4 7#h7 ,c5tral au?ority ,! t]m ,c5tral ,au?ority means-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( a ,conv5tion c\ntry1 ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 article #f ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 7,b7 9 ! case ( an ,,m\ c\ntry1 ! (ficial entity designat$ by ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,,m\ c\ntry )9 ! applicable ,,m\ pursuant to section #ajc7;b77#a7 to dis*>ge ! duties impos$ on ! entity 9 su* ,,m\2 & 7,c7 9 ! case ( a nonp>ty c\ntry1 ! =eign m9i/ry ( su* c\ntry4 7#i7 ,*ild ,! t]m *ild means an individual :o has n atta9$ ! age ( #af4 7#aj7 ,conv5tion c\ntry ,! t]m ,conv5tion c\ntry means a c\ntry o!r ?an ! ,unit$ ,/ates t has ratifi$1 acc$$1 or succe$$ to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion & ) respect to :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates has ent]$ into a reciprocal agreem5t pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion4 7#aa7 ,hague abduction conv5tion ,! t]m ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion means ! ,conv5tion on ! ,civil ,aspects ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction1 done at ,! ,hague on ,octob] #be1 #aihj4 7#ab7 ,left-beh9d p>5t ,! t]m left-beh9d p>5t means an individual or entity1 ei!r individually or jo9tly1 :o alleges t an abduction has occurr$ t is 9 brea* ( rights ( cu/ody-- 7,a7 attribut$ to su* individual or entity1 z applicable2 & 7,b7 ex]cis$ at ! "t ( ! abduction or t w\ld h be5 ex]cis$ b = ! abduction4 7#ac7 ,legal resid5ce ,! t]m legal resid5ce means ! congressional di/rict & ,/ate 9 :i* an individual ei!r is resid+1 or if an individual is resid+ tempor>ily outside ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ! congressional di/rict & ,/ate to :i* ! individual int5ds to return4 7#ad7 ,milit>y dep5d5t *ild ,! t]m milit>y dep5d5t *ild means a *ild ^: habitual resid5ce is ! ,unit$ ,/ates accord+ to ,unit$ ,/ates law ev5 ?\gh ! *ild is resid+ outside ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) a milit>y p>5t4 7#ae7 ,milit>y p>5t ,! t]m milit>y p>5t means an individual :o has rights ( cu/ody ov] a *ild & :o is s]v+ outside ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a memb] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces4 7#af7 ,,m\ ,! t]m ,,m\ means a memor&um ( und]/&+ betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & a c\ntry t is n a ,conv5tion c\ntry to resolve abduction cases & access cases4 7#ag7 ,,m\ c\ntry ,! t]m ,,m\ c\ntry means a c\ntry ) respect to :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates has ent]$ into an ,,m\4 7#ah7 ,nonp>ty c\ntry ,! t]m nonp>ty c\ntry means a c\ntry t is nei!r a ,conv5tion c\ntry nor an ,,m\ c\ntry4 7#ai7 ,patt]n ( noncoop]ation 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m patt]n ( noncoop]ation means ! p]si/5t failure-- 7i7 ( a ,conv5tion c\ntry to implem5t & abide by ! provisions ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 & 7ii7 ( an ,,m\ c\ntry to implem5t & abide by ! provisions ( ! applicable ,,m\4 7,b7 ,crit]ia ,su* p]si/5t failure may be evid5c$ by "o or m ( ! foll[+ crit]ia3 7i7 ,! exi/5ce ( #aj or m unresolv$ abduction cases4 7ii7 ,! failure ( ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! c\ntry to fulfill its responsibilities pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or ! ,,m\1 z applicable4 7iii7 ,! failure ( ! judicial or adm9i/rative bran*1 z applicable1 ( ! national gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry to implem5t & comply ) ! provisions ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or ! ,,m\1 z applicable4 7iv7 ,! failure ( law en=cem5t to locate abduct$ *ildr5 or to en=ce return ord]s or det]m9ations ( rights ( access r5d]$ by ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?orities ( ! national gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry 9 abduction cases or access cases4 7#bj7 ,rights ( access ,! t]m rights ( access means ! rights ( contact betwe5 a *ild & a left-beh9d p>5t provid$ z a provisional measure :ile an abduction case is p5d+1 by op]ation ( law or by reason ( judicial or adm9i/rative det]m9ation or by agreem5t hav+ legal effect1 "u ! law ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild is locat$4 7#ba7 ,rights ( cu/ody ,! t]m rights ( cu/ody means rights ( c>e & cu/ody ( an abduct$ *ild1 includ+ ! "r to det]m9e ! place ( resid5ce ( an abduct$ *ild-- 7,a7 attribut$ to an individual or entity1 ei!r individually or jo9tly1 & 7,b7 aris+ by op]ation ( law or by reason ( a judicial or adm9i/rative decision1 or by reason ( an agreem5t hav+ legal effect1 "u ! law ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild 0 an habitual resid5t imm$iately be=e ! abduction4 7#bb7 ,unresolv$ abduction case 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 ! t]m unresolv$ abduction case means an abduction case t rema9s unresolv$ = a p]iod t exce$s #ahj days aft] ! date on :i* ! complet$ application = return ( ! *ild is submitt$ = det]m9ation to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority1 z applicable1 9 ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild is locat$4 7,b7 ,resolution ( case ,an abduction case %all be consid]$ to be resolv$ if-- 7i7 ! *ild is return$ to ! c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce1 pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or ,,m\1 if applicable2 7ii7 ! judicial or adm9i/rative bran*1 z applicable1 ( ! national gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild is locat$ has implem5t$ & is comply+ ) ! provisions ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or ! ,,m\1 z applicable1 & a f9al det]m9ation is made by su* judicial or adm9i/rative bran* t ! *ild w n be return$ to ! c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce2 or 7iii7 ! *ild atta9s ! age ( #af4 ,i ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate ,actions #aja4 ,annual report 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an ,m>* #ca ( ea* ye>1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all submit to ! appropriate congressional committees an ,annual ,report on ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction4 7b7 ,cont5ts ,ea* ,annual ,report %all include ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,a li/ ( all c\ntries ) respect to :i* !re 7 "o or m abduction cases dur+ ! prec$+ ye> t id5tifies :e!r ea* su* c\ntry is a ,conv5tion c\ntry1 an ,,m\ c\ntry1 or a nonp>ty c\ntry4 7#b7 ,= ea* c\ntry ) respect to :i* !re 7 #e or m abduction cases dur+ ! prec$+ ye>3 7,a7 ,! numb] ( abduction cases & ! numb] ( access cases1 respectively1 report$ dur+ ! prec$+ ye>4 7,b7 ,! numb] ( abduction cases & ! numb] ( access cases1 respectively1 t are p5d+ z ( ,m>* #a ( ! ye> 9 :i* su* ,annual ,report is submitt$4 7,c7 7i7 ,= ,conv5tion & ,,m\ c\ntries1 ! numb] ( abduction cases & ! numb] ( access cases1 respectively1 t 7 p5d+ at any po9t = m ?an #ahj days aft] ! date on :i* ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates transmitt$ ! complete application = ea* su* case to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( su* c\ntry1 & 7 n submitt$ by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority1 z applicable1 ( su* c\ntry )9 ! #ahj-;day p]iod4 7ii7 ,! reason = ! delay 9 submission ( ea* case id5tifi$ 9 clause 7i7 by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( su* c\ntry to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority4 7,d7 ,! numb] ( unresolv$ abduction cases1 & ! l5g? ( "t ea* case has be5 p5d+4 7,e7 ,! numb] ( unresolv$ abduction cases 9 :i* a complet$ application has be5 fil$ & law en=cem5t has fail$ to locate ! abduct$ *ild or to en=ce a return ord] r5d]$ by ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?orities ( su* c\ntry4 7,f7 ,! m$ian "t requir$ = resolution ( abduction cases dur+ ! prec$+ ye>1 to be measur$ f ! date on :i* ! application ) respect to ! abduction case is transmitt$ by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( su* c\ntry to ! date on :i* ! abduction case is resolv$4 7,g7 ,! total numb] & ! p]c5tage ( ! total numb] ( abduction cases & access cases1 respectively1 resolv$ dur+ ! prec$+ ye>4 7,h7 ,detail$ in=mation ab\t ea* unresolv$ abduction case describ$ 9 subp>agraph 7,e7 & on actions tak5 by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate to resolve su* case1 includ+ ! specific actions tak5 by ! ,unit$ ,/ates *ief ( mission 9 su* c\ntry4 7,i7 ,recomm5dations to improve resolution ( abduction cases & access cases4 7#c7 ,! numb] ( abduct$ *ildr5 f ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o 7 return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ,conv5tion c\ntries1 ,,m\ c\ntries1 & nonp>ty c\ntries1 respectively4 7#d7 ,a li/ ( ,conv5tion c\ntries & ,,m\ c\ntries t h fail$ to comply ) any ( _! obligations "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or ! ,,m\1 z applicable1 ) respect to ! resolution ( abduction cases & access cases4 7#e7 ,a li/ ( c\ntries demon/rat+ a patt]n ( noncoop]ation1 & a summ>y ( ! crit]ia on :i* ! det]m9ation ( a patt]n ( noncoop]ation = ea* c\ntry is bas$4 7#f7 7,a7 ,in=mation on ef=ts by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate to enc\rage o!r c\ntries to become signatories to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or to ent] into an ,,m\4 7,b7 ,! ef=ts ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 %all include ef=ts to address p5d+ abduction cases & access cases 9 su* c\ntries4 7#g7 ,a description ( ! ef=ts ( ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate to enc\rage ,conv5tion c\ntries & ,,m\ c\ntries to facilitate ! "w ( nongov]nm5tal organizations )9 _! respective c\ntries t assi/ left-beh9d p>5ts4 7#h7 ,! numb] ( cases :i* 7 successfully resolv$ )\t abduct$ *ildr5 be+ return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ,conv5tion c\ntries1 ,,m\ c\ntries1 & nonp>ty c\ntries1 respectively4 7c7 ,exception ,! ,annual ,report %all n include-- 7#a7 ! names ( left-beh9d p>5ts or *ildr5 involv$ 9 abduction cases or access cases2 or 7#b7 in=mation t may id5tify a p>ty involv$ 9 an abduction case or access case unless ! p>ty /ipulates 9 writ+ to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates t su* in=mation may be includ$ 9 ! ,annual ,report4 7d7 ,additional !matic sections ,ea* ,annual ,report %all also include-- 7#a7 in=mation on ! numb] ( unresolv$ abduction cases affect+ left-beh9d p>5ts :o are milit>y p>5ts & a summ>y ( assi/ance (f]$ to su* left-beh9d p>5ts2 7#b7 in=mation on ! use ( airl9es 9 abductions1 volunt>y airl9e practices to prev5t abductions1 & recomm5dations = be/ airl9e practices to prev5t abductions2 7#c7 in=mation on actions tak5 by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to tra9 dome/ic judges 9 application ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 & 7#d7 in=mation on actions tak5 by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to tra9 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces legal assi/ance p]sonnel1 milit>y *apla9s1 & milit>y family support c5t] p]sonnel ab\t abductions1 ! risk ( loss ( access to *ildr51 & ! legal frameworks available to resolve su* cases4 7e7 ,repeal ( ! ,hague ,conv5tion ,compliance ,report ,section #bhjc ( ! ,=eign ,affairs ,re=m & ,re/ructur+ ,act ( #aiih 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aafaa7 is repeal$4 #ajb4 ,/&>ds & assi/ance ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all ensure t ,unit$ ,/ates diplomatic & consul> missions abroad-- 7#a7 ma9ta9 a consi/5t report+ /&>d ) respect to abduction cases & access cases involv+ abduct$ *ildr5 9 ! c\ntry 9 :i* su* mission is locat$ = purposes ( ! ,annual ,report2 7#b7 designate at lea/ "o (ficial 9 ea* su* mission to assi/ left-beh9d p>5ts f ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o are visit+ su* c\ntry to resolve cases involv+ an abduction or rights ( access2 & 7#c7 monitor developm5ts 9 cases involv+ abduct$ *ildr5 9 ! c\ntry 9 :i* su* mission is locat$4 #ajc4 ,memor&um ( und]/&+ 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %\ld seek to ent] into an ,,m\ ) e c\ntry t is n a ,conv5tion c\ntry & is unlikely to become a ,conv5tion c\ntry 9 ! =seeable future1 t includes-- 7#a7 id5tification ( ! ,c5tral ,au?ority2 7#b7 a protocol to id5tify1 locate1 & effectuate ! return ( an abduct$ *ild id5tifi$ 9 an abduction case n lat] ?an #f weeks aft] ! application ) respect to ! abduction case has be5 submitt$ to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority1 z applicable1 ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! abduct$ *ild is locat$2 7#c7 a protocol = ! e/abli%m5t & protection ( ! rights ( access2 7#d7 id5tification ( ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority t w promptly adjudicate abduction cases & access cases2 7#e7 id5tification ( a law en=cem5t ag5cy & available law en=cem5t me*anisms & proc$ures to ensure ! imm$iate en=cem5t ( an ord] issu$ by ! au?ority id5tifi$ pursuant to p>agraph 7#d7 to return an abduct$ *ild to a left-beh9d p>5t1 includ+ by-- 7,a7 conduct+ an inve/igation to asc]ta9 ! location ( ! abduct$ *ild2 7,b7 provid+ protection to ! abduct$ *ild aft] su* *ild is locat$2 & 7,c7 retriev+ ! abduct$ *ild & mak+ ! appropriate arrangem5ts = su* *ild to be return$ to ! c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce2 7#f7 a protocol to e/abli% p]iodic visits betwe5 a ,unit$ ,/ates embassy or consul> (ficial & an abduct$ *ild to all[ ! (ficial to asc]ta9 ! *ild's location & welf>e2 & 7#g7 su* o!r provisions z det]m9$ to be appropriate by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate4 7b7 ,rule ( con/ruction 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,no?+ 9 ?is ,act %all be con/ru$ to prohibit ! ,unit$ ,/ates f propos+ & ent]+ into a memor&um ( und]/&+ ) a ,conv5tion c\ntry to fur!r cl>ify ! reciprocal obligations ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! ,conv5tion c\ntry "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion4 7#b7 ,treatm5t ( obligations ( conv5tion c\ntry ,9 ^? in/ances 9 :i* !re is a memor&um ( und]/&+ z describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! obligations ( ! ,conv5tion c\ntry "u su* memor&um %all be consid]$ to be obligations ( su* c\ntry "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion = purposes ( ?is ,act4 #ajd4 ,notification ( congressional repres5tatives 7a7 ,notification ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all notify 9 writ+ ! ,memb] ( ,congress & ,s5ators repres5t+ ! legal resid5ce ( a left-beh9d p>5t :5 su* p>5t reports an abduction to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7b7 ,exception ,! notification requirem5t "u subsection 7a7 %all n apply if ! left-beh9d p>5t does n cons5t to ! notification describ$ 9 su* subsection4 7c7 ,tim+ ,at ! reque/ ( any p]son :o is a left-beh9d p>5t1 includ+ a left-beh9d p>5t :o previ\sly report$ an abduction to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates be=e ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 notification ( a ,memb] ( ,congress1 9 accordance ) subsections 7a7 & 7b71 %all be provid$ z soon z is practicable4 7d7 ,memb] ( congress def9$ ,9 ?is section1 ! t]m ,memb] ( ,congress means a ,repres5tative 91 or ,delegate or ,resid5t ,commission] to1 ! ,congress4 ,,ii ,presid5tial ,actions #bja4 ,presid5tial actions 9 response to unresolv$ cases 7a7 ,response to int]national *ild abductions 7#a7 ,unit$ /ates policy ,x %all be ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-- 7,a7 promote ! be/ int]e/ ( *ildr5 abduct$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates by e/abli%+ legal rights & proc$ures = _! prompt return & by promot+ su* rights & proc$ures ?r\gh actions t ensure ! en=cem5t ( reciprocal int]national obligations2 & 7,b7 recognize ! int]national "* ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 & ! ne$ = reciprocity pursuant to & ! uni=m int]national int]pretation ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 by promot+ ! timely resolution ( abduction cases ?r\gh "o or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 section #bje4 7#b7 ,requirem5t ( presid5tial action ,:5ev] ! ,presid5t det]m9es t ! gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry has fail$ to resolve an unresolv$ abduction case1 ! ,presid5t %all oppose su* failure ?r\gh "o or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 subsection 7b74 7b7 ,presid5tial actions 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to p>agraphs 7#b7 & 7#c71 ! ,presid5t1 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 %all1 z exp$iti\sly z practicable 9 response to ! failure describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 by ! gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry1 take "o or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77 ) respect to su* c\ntry4 7#b7 ,deadl9e = actions 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b71 n lat] ?an ,m>* #ca ( ea* ye>1 ! ,presid5t %all take "o or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#a7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77 ) respect to ea* =eign c\ntry ! gov]nm5t ( :i* has fail$ to resolve an unresolv$ abduction case t is p5d+ z ( su* date4 7,b7 ,exception ,9 ! case ( an action "u any ( p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77-- 7i7 ! action may only be tak5 aft] ! requirem5ts ( sections #bjc & #bjd h be5 satisfi$2 & 7ii7 ! ,m>* #ca deadl9e to take ! action %all n apply4 7#c7 ,au?ority = delay ( presid5tial actions ,! ,presid5t may delay action describ$ 9 any ( ! p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b771 z requir$ "u p>agraph 7#b71 if ! ,presid5t det]m9es & c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t an additional1 specifi$ p]iod ( "t is necess>y = a cont9uation ( negotiations t h be5 comm5c$ ) ! c\ntry to resolve ! unresolv$ case4 7c7 ,implem5tation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 c>ry+ out subsection 7b71 ! ,presid5t %all-- 7,a7 take "o or m actions t mo/ appropriately respond to ! nature & sev]ity ( ! failure to resolve ! unresolv$ abduction cases2 & 7,b7 seek to ! fulle/ ext5t possible to t>get action z n>r[ly z practicable ) respect to ! ag5cies or in/rum5talities ( ! =eign gov]nm5t t are responsible = su* failures1 9 ways t respect ! sep>ation ( p[]s & indep5d5ce ( ! judici>y 9 =eign c\ntries4 7#b7 ,guidel9es = presid5tial actions ,9 addition to ! guidel9es "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,presid5t1 9 det]m9+ :e!r to take "o or m actions "u p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b771 %all seek to m9imize any adv]se impact on-- 7,a7 ! population ( ! c\ntry ^: gov]nm5t is t>get$ by ! action or actions2 & 7,b7 ! humanit>ian activities ( ,unit$ ,/ates & =eign nongov]nm5tal organizations 9 ! c\ntry4 #bjb4 ,presid5tial actions 9 response to patt]ns ( noncoop]ation 9 cases ( int]national *ild abductions 7a7 ,response to a patt]n ( noncoop]ation 7#a7 ,unit$ /ates policy ,x %all be ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-- 7,a7 oppose in/itutional or o!r sy/emic failures ( =eign gov]nm5ts to fulfill _! obligations pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or ,,m\1 z applicable1 to resolve abduction cases & access cases2 & 7,b7 promote reciprocity pursuant to & compliance ) ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion by ,conv5tion c\ntries & compliance ) ! applicable ,,m\ by ,,m\ c\ntries4 7#b7 ,requirem5t ( presid5tial action ,:5ev] ! ,presid5t det]m9es t ! gov]nm5t ( a =eign c\ntry has engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncoop]ation1 ! ,presid5t %all promote ! resolution ( ! unresolv$ abduction cases ?r\gh "o or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 subsection 7c74 7b7 ,designations ( c\ntries ) patt]ns ( noncoop]ation 9 cases ( int]national *ild abduction 7#a7 ,annual review 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an ,m>* #ca ( ea* ye>1 ! ,presid5t %all review ! /atus ( abduction cases & access cases 9 ea* =eign c\ntry to det]m9e :e!r ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry has engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncoop]ation dur+ ! prec$+ #ab mon?s or s9ce ! date ( ! la/ review ( su* c\ntry "u ?is subp>agraph1 :i*ev] p]iod is long]4 ,! ,presid5t %all designate ea* c\ntry ! gov]nm5t ( :i* has engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncoop]ation z a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation4 7,b7 ,basis ( review ,ea* review conduct$ "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be bas$ ^u in=mation conta9$ 9 ! late/ ,annual ,report & on any o!r evid5ce available4 7#b7 ,det]m9ations ( responsible p>ties ,= ! gov]nm5t ( ea* c\ntry designat$ z a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 ! ,presid5t %all seek to det]m9e ! ag5cies or in/rum5talities ( su* gov]nm5t t are responsible = ! patt]n ( noncoop]ation by su* gov]nm5t 9 ord] to appropriately t>get actions "u ?is section 9 response4 7#c7 ,congressional notification ,:5ev] ! ,presid5t designates a c\ntry z a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a71 ! ,presid5t %all1 z soon z practicable aft] su* designation is made1 transmit to ! appropriate congressional committees-- 7,a7 ! designation ( ! c\ntry1 sign$ by ! ,presid5t2 & 7,b7 ! id5tification1 if any1 ( responsible ag5cies or in/rum5talities det]m9$ "u p>agraph 7#b74 7c7 ,presid5tial actions ) respect to a c\ntry ) a patt]n ( noncoop]ation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to p>agraphs 7#b7 & 7#c7 ) respect to ea* ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation designat$ "u subsection 7b77#a77;,a71 ! ,presid5t %all1 aft] ! requirem5ts ( sections #bjc & #bjd h be5 satisfi$1 b n lat] ?an #ij days 7or #ahj days 9 case ( a delay "u p>agraph 7#b77 aft] ! date ( su* designation ( ! c\ntry "u su* subsection1 take "o or m ( ! actions "u p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b774 7#b7 ,au?ority = delay ( presid5tial actions ,if1 on or be=e ! date t ! ,presid5t is requir$ to take action "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,presid5t det]m9es & c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t a s+le1 additional p]iod ( "t n to exce$ #ij days is necess>y-- 7,a7 = a cont9uation ( negotiations t h be5 comm5c$ ) ! gov]nm5t ( a c\ntry describ$ 9 su* p>agraph to br+ ab\t a cessation ( ! patt]n ( noncoop]ation by su* c\ntry1 or 7,b7 = a review ( corrective action tak5 by su* c\ntry aft] designation ( su* c\ntry z a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation "u subsection 7b77#a77;,a7 or 9 anticipation t corrective action w be tak5 by su* c\ntry dur+ su* #ij-;day p]iod1 ! ,presid5t %all n be requir$ to take su* action until ! expiration ( su* p]iod ( "t4 7#c7 ,exception = ongo+ presid5tial action 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,presid5t %all n be requir$ to take action "u p>agraph 7#a7 ) respect to a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation if-- 7i7 ! ,presid5t has tak5 action pursuant to p>agraph 7#a7 ) respect to su* c\ntry 9 a prec$+ ye>1 su* action is 9 effect at ! "t su* c\ntry is designat$ z a ,c\ntry ) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation "u subsection 7b77#a77;,a71 & ! ,presid5t submits to ! appropriate congressional committees ! in=mation describ$ 9 section #bjd reg>d+ ! actions 9 effect ) respect to su* c\ntry2 or 7ii7 subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 ! ,presid5t det]m9es t su* c\ntry is subject to multiple1 broad-bas$ sanctions impos$ 9 significant "p 9 response to human rights abuses & t su* sanctions also satisfy ! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection4 7,b7 ,additional requirem5ts ,if ! ,presid5t makes a det]m9ation "u subp>agraph 7,a77ii7-- 7i7 ! report "u section #bjd &1 z applicable1 ! publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] "u section #bjh1 %all specify ! specific sanction or sanctions t ! ,presid5t has det]m9$ satisfy ! requirem5ts ( ?is subsection2 & 7ii7 su* sanctions %all rema9 9 effect subject to section #bji4 7d7 ,rule ( con/ruction ,a det]m9ation "u ?is section t a =eign c\ntry has engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncoop]ation %all n be con/ru$ to require ! t]m9ation ( assi/ance or o!r activities ) respect to su* c\ntry "u any o!r provision ( law1 includ+ section #aaf or #ejb;,b ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baea7n7 or #bcjd74 #bjc4 ,consultations ) =eign gov]nm5ts ,z soon z practicable aft] ! ,presid5t makes a det]m9ation "u section #bja 9 response to failures to resolve unresolv$ abduction cases & ! ,presid5t decides to take action "u p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77 ) respect to t c\ntry1 or n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! ,presid5t designates a c\ntry z a c\ntry ) a patt]n ( noncoop]ation pursuant to section #bjb7;b77#a77;a71 ! ,presid5t %all-- 7#a7 reque/ consultation ) ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry reg>d+ ! failures giv+ rise to designation ( t c\ntry z a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation reg>d+ ! patt]n ( noncoop]ation or to action "u section #bja2 & 7#b7 if agre$ to1 ent] into su* consultations ) su* c\ntry1 privately or publicly4 #bjd4 ,report to ,congress 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subsection 7b71 n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! ,presid5t makes a det]m9ation "u section #bja 9 response to failures to resolve unresolv$ abduction cases & ! ,presid5t decides to take action "u p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77 ) respect to t c\ntry1 or n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! ,presid5t designates a c\ntry z a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation pursuant to section #bjb7;b77#a77;,a71 ! ,presid5t %all transmit to ! appropriate congressional committees a report on ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,id5tification ( presid5tial actions ,an id5tification ( ! action or actions describ$ 9 section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77 to be tak5 ) respect to su* c\ntry4 7#b7 ,description ( violations ,a description ( ! failure to resolve an unresolv$ case or ! patt]n ( noncoop]ation1 z applicable1 giv+ rise to ! action or actions to be tak5 by ! ,presid5t4 7#c7 ,purpose ( presid5tial actions ,a description ( ! purpose ( ! action or actions4 7#d7 ,evaluation 7,a7 ,description ,an evaluation1 9 consultation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ! p>ties describ$ 9 section #bjc7;b71 & o!r p>ties ! ,presid5t det]m9es appropriate1 ( ! anticipat$ impact ( ! ,presid5tial action ^u-- 7i7 p5d+ abduction cases 9 su* c\ntry2 7ii7 ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry2 7iii7 ! population ( su* c\ntry2 7iv7 ! ,unit$ ,/ates economy2 7v7 o!r int]e/$ p>ties2 & 7vi7 if su* c\ntry is a ,conv5tion c\ntry or an ,,m\ c\ntry1 ! reciprocal fulfillm5t ( obligations pursuant to su* ,conv5tion or applicable ,,m\1 z applicable4 7,b7 ,=m ,! evaluation "u subp>agraph 7,a7 %all be transmitt$ 9 unclassifi$ =m1 b may conta9 a classifi$ annex if necess>y4 7#e7 ,/atem5t ( policy options ,a /atem5t t noneconomic policy options design$ to resolve ! unresolv$ case or br+ ab\t ! cessation ( ! patt]n ( noncoop]ation h reasonably be5 exhau/$1 includ+ ! consultations requir$ 9 section #bjc4 7b7 ,delay 9 transmittal ( report ,if1 on or be=e ! date t ! ,presid5t is requir$ to submit a report "u subsection 7a7 to ! appropriate congressional committees1 ! ,presid5t det]m9es & c]tifies to su* committees t a s+le1 additional p]iod ( "t n to exce$ #ij days is necess>y pursuant to section #bjb7;c77#b71 ! ,presid5t %all n be requir$ to submit ! report to su* committees until ! expiration ( su* p]iod ( "t4 #bje4 ,presid5tial actions 7a7 ,description ( presid5tial actions ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7c71 ! ,presid5tial actions ref]r$ to 9 ?is subsection are ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,a private dem>*e4 7#b7 ,an (ficial public dem>*e4 7#c7 ,a public condemnation4 7#d7 ,a public condemnation )9 "o or m multilat]al =a4 7#e7 ,! delay or cancellation ( "o or m sci5tific ex*anges4 7#f7 ,! delay or cancellation ( "o or m cultural ex*anges4 7#g7 ,! d5ial ( "o or m work+1 (ficial1 or /ate visits4 7#h7 ,! delay or cancellation ( "o or m work+1 (ficial1 or /ate visits4 7#i7 ,a =mal reque/ to ! =eign c\ntry conc]n$ to extradite an individual :o is engag$ 9 abduction & :o has be5 =mally accus$ (1 *>g$ )1 or convict$ ( an extraditable (f5se4 7#aj7 ,! )drawal1 limitation1 or susp5sion ( ,unit$ ,/ates developm5t assi/ance 9 accordance ) section #aaf ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean74 7#aa7 ,! )drawal1 limitation1 or susp5sion ( ,unit$ ,/ates security assi/ance 9 accordance ) section #ejb;,b ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcjd74 7#ab7 ,! )drawal1 limitation1 or susp5sion ( assi/ance to ! c5tral gov]nm5t ( a c\ntry pursuant to *apt] #d ( "p ,,ii ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcdf et seq42 relat+ to ! ,economic ,support ,fund74 7#ac7 ,ord]+ ! heads ( ! appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates ag5cies n to issue any 7or a specifi$ numb] (7 specific lic5ses1 & n to grant any o!r specific au?ority 7or a specifi$ numb] ( au?orities71 to export any goods or te*nology to su* gov]nm5t or to ! ag5cy or in/rum5tality ( su* gov]nm5t det]m9$ by ! ,presid5t to be responsible = su* unresolv$ case or patt]n ( noncoop]ation1 z applicable1 "u-- 7,a7 ! ,export ,adm9i/ration ,act ( #aigi 7z cont9u$ 9 effect "u ! ,int]national ,em]g5cy ,economic ,p[]s ,act72 7,b7 ! ,arms ,export ,control ,act2 7,c7 ! ,atomic ,en]gy ,act ( #aied2 or 7,d7 any o!r /atute t requires ! prior review & approval ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,gov]nm5t z a condition = ! export or re-export ( goods or s]vices4 7b7 ,comm5surate action ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7c71 ! ,presid5t may sub/itute any o!r action au?oriz$ by law = any action describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 if su* action is comm5surate 9 effect to ! action sub/itut$ & if su* action w\ld fur!r ! purposes ( ?is ,act z specifi$ 9 section #b7;c74 ,! ,presid5t %all seek to take all appropriate & feasible actions au?oriz$ by law to resolve ! unresolv$ case or to obta9 ! cessation ( su* patt]n ( noncoop]ation1 z applicable4 ,if comm5surate action is tak5 "u ?is subsection1 ! ,presid5t %all transmit to ! appropriate congressional committees a report on su* action1 toge!r ) an explanation = tak+ su* action4 7c7 ,exceptions 7#a7 ,humanit>ian exception ,any action tak5 pursuant to subsection 7a7 or 7b7 may n prohibit or re/rict ! provision ( m$ic9e1 m$ical equipm5t or supplies1 food1 or o!r life-sav+ humanit>ian assi/ance4 7#b7 ,def5se & national security exception ,! ,presid5t %all n be requir$ to apply or ma9ta9 any action "u section #bje-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( procurem5t ( def5se articles or def5se s]vices-- 7i7 "u exi/+ contracts or subcontracts1 includ+ ! ex]cise ( options = production quantities1 to satisfy requirem5ts ess5tial to ! national security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 7ii7 if ! ,presid5t det]m9es 9 writ+ & transmits to ! appropriate congressional committees a report t ! gov]nm5t or ! ag5cy or in/rum5tality ( su* gov]nm5t to :i* su* action w\ld o!rwise be appli$ is a sole s\rce suppli] ( su* def5se articles or s]vices1 t su* def5se articles or s]vices are ess5tial1 & t alt]native s\rces are n readily or reasonably available2 or 7iii7 if ! ,presid5t det]m9es 9 writ+ & transmits to ! appropriate congressional committees a report t su* def5se articles or s]vices are ess5tial to ! national security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates "u def5se co-production agreem5ts2 or 7,b7 to products or s]vices provid$ "u contracts ent]$ into be=e ! date on :i* ! ,presid5t publi%es 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] notice ( su* action 9 accordance ) section #bjh4 #bjf4 ,presid5tial waiv] 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subsection 7b71 ! ,presid5t may waive ! application ( any ( ! actions describ$ 9 p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77 ) respect to a c\ntry1 if ! ,presid5t det]m9es & s reports to ! appropriate congressional committees t-- 7#a7 ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry has satisfactorily resolv$ any abduction case giv+ rise to ! application ( any ( su* actions &-- 7,a7 if su* c\ntry is a ,conv5tion c\ntry1 su* c\ntry has tak5 measures to ensure future compliance ) ! provisions ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 7,b7 if su* c\ntry is an ,,m\ c\ntry1 su* c\ntry has tak5 measures to ensure future compliance ) ! provisions ( ! ,,m\ at issue2 or 7,c7 if su* c\ntry 0 a nonp>ty c\ntry at ! "t ! abductions or d5ials ( rights ( access result+ 9 ! abduction cases or access cases occurr$1 su* c\ntry has become a ,conv5tion c\ntry or an ,,m\ c\ntry2 7#b7 ! ex]cise ( su* waiv] au?ority w\ld fur!r ! purposes ( ?is ,act2 or 7#c7 ! important national int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates requires ! ex]cise ( su* waiv] au?ority4 7b7 ,congressional notification ,n lat] ?an ! date ( ! ex]cise ( a waiv] "u subsection 7a71 ! ,presid5t %all notify ! appropriate congressional committees ( su* waiv] or ! int5tion to ex]cise su* waiv]1 toge!r ) a detail$ ju/ification !re(4 #bjg4 ,publication 9 ,f$]al ,regi/] 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subsection 7b71 ! ,presid5t %all ensure publication 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,det]m9ations ( gov]nm5ts1 ag5cies1 in/rum5talities ( c\ntries ) patt]ns ( noncoop]ation ,any designation ( a c\ntry t ! ,presid5t has designat$ z a ,c\ntry ,) a ,patt]n ( ,noncoop]ation "u section #bjb7;b77#a77;,a71 toge!r )1 :5 applicable & to ! ext5t practicable1 ! id5tities ( ag5cies or in/rum5talities det]m9$ to be responsible = su* patt]n ( noncoop]ation4 7#b7 ,presid5tial actions ,a description ( any action "u p>agraphs 7#aj7 ?r\gh 7#ac7 ( section #bje7;a7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bje7;b77 & ! effective date ( su* action4 7#c7 ,delays 9 transmittal ( presid5tial action reports ,any delay 9 transmittal ( a report requir$ "u section #bjd4 7#d7 ,waiv]s ,any waiv] issu$ "u section #bjf4 7b7 ,limit$ disclosure ( in=mation ,! ,presid5t may limit publication ( in=mation "u ?is section 9 ! same mann] & to ! same ext5t z ! ,presid5t may limit ! publication ( f9d+s & det]m9ations describ$ 9 section #fed7;c7 ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bdad7;c771 if ! ,presid5t det]m9es t ! publication ( su* in=mation-- 7#a7 w\ld be h>mful to ! national security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 or 7#b7 w\ld n fur!r ! purposes ( ?is ,act4 #bjh4 ,t]m9ation ( ,presid5tial actions ,any action tak5 "u ?is ,act or any am5dm5t made by ?is ,act ) respect to a =eign c\ntry %all t]m9ate on ! e>li] ( ! foll[+ two dates3 7#a7 ,n lat] ?an two ye>s aft] ! effective date ( su* action unless expressly reau?oriz$ by law4 7#b7 ,! date on :i* ! ,presid5t transmits to ,congress a c]tification conta9+ a det]m9ation ( ! ,presid5t t ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry has resolv$ any unresolv$ abduction case or has tak5 sub/antial & v]ifiable /eps to correct ! patt]n ( noncoop]ation at issue1 z applicable1 t gave rise to su* action4 #a4 ,%ort title & table ( cont5ts 7a7 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,sean & ,david ,goldman ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction ,prev5tion & ,return ,act ( #bjad4 7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts = ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title & table ( cont5ts4,sec4 #b4 ,f9d+s2 s5se ( ,congress2 purposes4,sec4 #c4 ,def9itions4,,title ,i--,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate actions,sec4 #aja4 ,annual report4,sec4 #ajb4 ,/&>ds & assi/ance4,sec4 #ajc4 ,bilat]al proc$ures1 includ+ memor&a ( und]/&+4,sec4 #ajd4 ,report to congressional repres5tatives4,,title ,,ii--,actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,state,sec4 #bja4 ,response to int]national *ild abductions4,sec4 #bjb4 ,actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate 9 response to patt]ns ( noncompliance 9 cases ( int]national *ild abductions4,sec4 #bjc4 ,consultations ) =eign gov]nm5ts4,sec4 #bjd4 ,waiv] by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate4,sec4 #bje4 ,t]m9ation ( actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate4,,title ,,iii--,prev5tion ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction,sec4 #cja4 ,prev5t+ *ildr5 f leav+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 violation ( a c\rt ord]4,sec4 #cjb4 ,au?orization = judicial tra9+ on int]national p>5tal *ild abduction4 #b4 ,f9d+s2 s5se ( ,congress2 purposes 7a7 ,f9d+s ,congress f9ds ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,sean ,goldman1 a ,unit$ ,/ates citiz5 & resid5t ( ,new ,j]sey1 0 abduct$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 #bjjd & sep>at$ f 8 fa!r1 ,david ,goldman1 :o sp5t ne>ly #f ye>s battl+ = ! return ( 8 son f ,brazil be=e ,sean 0 f9ally return$ to ,mr4 ,goldman's cu/ody on ,decemb] #bd1 #bjji4 7#b7 ,! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate's ,(fice ( ,*ildr5's ,issues1 :i* s]ves z ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! purposes ( ! #aihj ,hague ,conv5tion on ! ,civil ,aspects ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is ,act z ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion71 has receiv$ ?\s&s ( reque/s s9ce #bjjg = assi/ance 9 ! return to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( *ildr5 :o h be5 wrongfully abduct$ by a p>5t or o!r legal gu>dian to ano!r c\ntry4 7#c7 ,= a v>iety ( reasons reflect+ ! significant ob/acles to ! recov]y ( abduct$ *ildr51 z well z ! legal & factual complexity involv+ su* cases1 n all cases are report$ to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#d7 ,m ?an #a1jjj outgo+ int]national *ild abductions are report$ e ye> to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 :i* dep5ds solely on proactive report+ ( abduction cases4 7#e7 ,only ab\t "o-half ( ! *ildr5 abduct$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates to c\ntries ) :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates enjoys reciprocal obligations "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion are return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#f7 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates & o!r ,conv5tion c\ntries h express$ _! desire1 ?r\gh ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 to protect *ildr5 int]nationally f ! h>mful effects ( _! wrongful removal or ret5tion & to e/abli% proc$ures to ensure _! prompt return to ! ,/ate ( _! habitual resid5ce1 z well z to secure protection = rights ( access4 7#g7 ,compliance by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & o!r ,conv5tion c\ntries dep5ds on ! actions ( _! designat$ c5tral au?orities1 ! p]=mance ( _! judicial sy/ems z reflect$ 9 ! legal process & decisions r5d]$ to en=ce or effectuate ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 & ! ability & will+ness ( _! law en=cem5t au?orities to ensure ! swift en=cem5t ( ord]s r5d]$ pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion4 7#h7 ,accord+ to data f ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 approximately #dj p]c5t ( abduction cases involve *ildr5 tak5 f ! ,unit$ ,/ates to c\ntries ) :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates does n h reciprocal obligations "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or o!r arrangem5ts relat+ to ! resolution ( abduction cases4 7#i7 ,accord+ to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate's ,april #bjaj ,report on ,compliance ) ! ,hague ,conv5tion on ! ,civil ,aspects ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction1 p>5tal *ild abduction jeop>dizes ! *ild & has sub/antial long-t]m consequ5ces = bo? ! *ild & ! left-beh9d p>5t4 7#aj7 ,few left-beh9d p>5ts h ! extraord9>y f9ancial res\rces necess>y-- 7,a7 to pursue individual civil or crim9al rem$ies 9 bo? ! ,unit$ ,/ates & a =eign c\ntry1 ev5 if su* rem$ies are available2 or 7,b7 to engage 9 repeat$ =eign travel to attempt to obta9 ! return ( _! *ildr5 ?r\gh diplomatic or o!r *annels4 7#aa7 ,milit>y p>5ts (t5 face additional complications 9 resolv+ abduction cases because ( ! *all5ges pres5t$ by _! milit>y obligations4 7#ab7 ,9 addition to us+ ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion to a*ieve ! return ( abduct$ *ildr51 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has an array ( ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local law en=cem5t1 crim9al ju/ice1 & judicial tools at its disposal to prev5t int]national abductions4 7#ac7 ,f$]al ag5cies task$ ) prev5t+ int]national abductions h indicat$ t ! mo/ effective way to /op int]national *ild abductions is :ile !y are 9 progress1 r ?an aft] ! *ild has be5 remov$ to a =eign de/9ation4 7#ad7 ,p>5tal aw>5ess ( abductions 9 progress1 rapid response by relevant law en=cem5t1 & effective coord9ation among ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 local1 & int]national /akehold]s are critical 9 prev5t+ su* abductions4 7#ae7 ,a m robu/ application ( dome/ic tools1 9 coop]ation ) int]national law en=cem5t entities & appropriate application ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion c\ld-- 7,a7 disc\rage "s p>5ts f attempt+ abductions2 7,b7 block attempt$ abductions at ports ( exit2 & 7,c7 help a*ieve ! return ( m abduct$ *ildr54 7b7 ,s5se ( ,congress ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress t ! ,unit$ ,/ates %\ld set a /rong example = o!r ,conv5tion c\ntries 9 ! timely location & prompt resolution ( cases involv+ *ildr5 abduct$ abroad & br\ght to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7c7 ,purposes ,! purposes ( ?is ,act are-- 7#a7 to protect *ildr5 ^: habitual resid5ce is ! ,unit$ ,/ates f wrongful abduction2 7#b7 to assi/ left-beh9d p>5ts 9 quickly resolv+ cases & ma9ta9+ safe & pr$ictable contact ) _! *ild :ile an abduction case is p5d+2 7#c7 to protect ! cu/odial rights ( p>5ts1 includ+ milit>y p>5ts1 by provid+ ! p>5ts1 ! judicial sy/em1 & law en=cem5t au?orities ) ! in=mation !y ne$ to prev5t unlawful abduction be=e x occurs2 7#d7 to enhance ! prompt resolution ( abduction & access cases2 7#e7 to detail an appropriate set ( actions to be und]tak5 by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate to address p]si/5t problems 9 ! resolution ( abduction cases2 7#f7 to e/abli% a program to prev5t wrongful abductions2 & 7#g7 to increase int]ag5cy coord9ation 9 prev5t+ int]national *ild abduction by conv5+ a work+ gr\p compos$ ( presid5tially appo9t$ & ,s5ate confirm$ (ficials f ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate1 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security1 & ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice4 #c4 ,def9itions ,9 ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,abduct$ *ild ,! t]m abduct$ *ild means a *ild :o is ! victim ( int]national *ild abduction4 7#b7 ,abduction ,! t]m abduction means ! alleg$ wrongful removal ( a *ild f ! *ild's c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce1 or ! wrongful ret5tion ( a *ild outside su* c\ntry1 9 violation ( a left-beh9d p>5t's cu/odial rights1 includ+ ! rights ( a milit>y p>5t4 7#c7 ,abduction case ,! t]m abduction case means a case t-- 7,a7 has be5 report$ to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by a left-beh9d p>5t = ! resolution ( an abduction2 & 7,b7 meets ! crit]ia = an int]national *ild abduction "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion1 reg>dless ( :e!r ! c\ntry at issue is a ,conv5tion c\ntry4 7#d7 ,access case ,! t]m access case means a case involv+ an application fil$ ) ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates by a p>5t seek+ rights ( access4 7#e7 ,annual report ,! t]m ,annual ,report means ! ,annual ,report on ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction requir$ "u section #aja4 7#f7 ,application ,! t]m application means-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( a ,conv5tion c\ntry1 ! application requir$ pursuant to article #h ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 7,b7 9 ! case ( a bilat]al proc$ures c\ntry1 ! =mal docum5t requir$1 pursuant to ! provisions ( ! applicable arrangem5t1 to reque/ ! return ( an abduct$ *ild or to reque/ rights ( access1 z applicable2 & 7,c7 9 ! case ( a non-,conv5tion c\ntry1 ! =mal reque/ by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( su* c\ntry reque/+ ! return ( an abduct$ *ild or = rights ( contact ) an abduct$ *ild4 7#g7 ,appropriate congressional committees ,! t]m appropriate congressional committees means ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( ! ,s5ate & ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 7#h7 ,bilat]al proc$ures ,! t]m bilat]al proc$ures means any proc$ures e/abli%$ by1 or pursuant to1 a bilat]al arrangem5t1 includ+ a ,memor&um ( ,und]/&+ betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ano!r c\ntry1 to resolve abduction & access cases1 includ+ proc$ures to address int]im contact matt]s4 7#i7 ,bilat]al proc$ures c\ntry ,! t]m bilat]al proc$ures c\ntry means a c\ntry ) :i* ! ,unit$ ,/ates has ent]$ into bilat]al proc$ures1 includ+ ,memor&a ( ,und]/&+1 ) respect to *ild abductions4 7#aj7 ,c5tral au?ority ,! t]m ,c5tral ,au?ority means-- 7,a7 9 ! case ( a ,conv5tion c\ntry1 ! mean+ giv5 su* t]m 9 article #f ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 7,b7 9 ! case ( a bilat]al proc$ures c\ntry1 ! (ficial entity designat$ by ! gov]nm5t ( ! bilat]al proc$ures c\ntry )9 ! applicable memor&um ( und]/&+ pursuant to section #ajc7;b77#a7 to dis*>ge ! duties impos$ on ! entity2 & 7,c7 9 ! case ( a non-,conv5tion c\ntry1 ! =eign m9i/ry or o!r appropriate au?ority ( su* c\ntry4 7#aa7 ,*ild ,! t]m *ild means an individual :o has n atta9$ #af ye>s ( age4 7#ab7 ,conv5tion c\ntry ,! t]m ,conv5tion c\ntry means a c\ntry = :i* ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion has ent]$ into =ce ) respect to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#ac7 ,hague abduction conv5tion ,! t]m ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion means ! ,conv5tion on ! ,civil ,aspects ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction1 done at ,! ,hague ,octob] #be1 #aihj4 7#ad7 ,int]im contact ,! t]m int]im contact means ! ability ( a left-beh9d p>5t to communicate ) or visit an abduct$ *ild dur+ ! p5d5cy ( an abduction case4 7#ae7 ,left-beh9d p>5t ,! t]m left-beh9d p>5t means an individual or legal cu/odian :o alleges t an abduction has occurr$ t is 9 brea* ( rights ( cu/ody attribut$ to su* individual4 7#af7 ,non-conv5tion c\ntry ,! t]m non-,conv5tion c\ntry means a c\ntry 9 :i* ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion has n ent]$ into =ce ) respect to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7#ag7 ,ov]seas milit>y dep5d5t *ild ,! t]m ov]seas milit>y dep5d5t *ild means a *ild ^: habitual resid5ce is ! ,unit$ ,/ates accord+ to ,unit$ ,/ates law ev5 ?\gh ! *ild is resid+ outside ! ,unit$ ,/ates ) a milit>y p>5t4 7#ah7 ,ov]seas milit>y p>5t ,! t]m ov]seas milit>y p>5t means an individual :o-- 7,a7 has cu/odial rights ) respect to a *ild2 & 7,b7 is s]v+ outside ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a memb] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces4 7#ai7 ,patt]n ( noncompliance 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,! t]m patt]n ( noncompliance means ! p]si/5t failure-- 7i7 ( a ,conv5tion c\ntry to implem5t & abide by provisions ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 7ii7 ( a non-,conv5tion c\ntry to abide by bilat]al proc$ures t h be5 e/abli%$ betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & su* c\ntry2 or 7iii7 ( a non-,conv5tion c\ntry to "w ) ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to resolve abduction cases4 7,b7 ,p]si/5t failure ,p]si/5t failure "u subp>agraph 7,a7 may be evid5c$ 9 a giv5 c\ntry by ! pres5ce ( #a or m ( ! foll[+ crit]ia3 7i7 ,?irty p]c5t or m ( ! total abduction cases 9 su* c\ntry are unresolv$ abduction cases4 7ii7 ,! ,c5tral ,au?ority regul>ly fails to fulfill its responsibilities pursuant to-- 7,i7 ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 or 7,,ii7 any bilat]al proc$ures betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & su* c\ntry4 7iii7 ,! judicial or adm9i/rative bran*1 z applicable1 ( ! national gov]nm5t ( a ,conv5tion c\ntry or a bilat]al proc$ures c\ntry fails to regul>ly implem5t & comply ) ! provisions ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or bilat]al proc$ures1 z applicable4 7iv7 ,law en=cem5t au?orities regul>ly fail to en=ce return ord]s or det]m9ations ( rights ( access r5d]$ by ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?orities ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry 9 abduction cases4 7#bj7 ,rights ( access ,! t]m rights ( access means ! e/abli%m5t ( rights ( contact betwe5 a *ild & a p>5t seek+ access 9 ,conv5tion c\ntries-- 7,a7 by op]ation ( law2 7,b7 ?r\gh a judicial or adm9i/rative det]m9ation2 or 7,c7 ?r\gh a legally en=ceable arrangem5t betwe5 ! p>ties4 7#ba7 ,rights ( cu/ody ,! t]m rights ( cu/ody means rights ( c>e & cu/ody ( a *ild1 includ+ ! "r to det]m9e ! place ( resid5ce ( a *ild1 "u ! laws ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild is a habitual resid5t-- 7,a7 attribut$ to an individual or legal cu/odian2 & 7,b7 aris+-- 7i7 by op]ation ( law2 or 7ii7 ?r\gh a judicial or adm9i/rative decision2 or 7iii7 ?r\gh a legally en=ceable arrangem5t betwe5 ! p>ties4 7#bb7 ,rights ( int]im contact ,! t]m rights ( int]im contact means ! rights ( contact betwe5 a *ild & a left-beh9d p>5t1 :i* has be5 provid$ z a provisional measure :ile an abduction case is p5d+1 "u ! laws ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild is locat$-- 7,a7 by op]ation ( law2 or 7,b7 ?r\gh a judicial or adm9i/rative det]m9ation2 or 7,c7 ?r\gh a legally en=ceable arrangem5t betwe5 ! p>ties4 7#bc7 ,unresolv$ abduction case 7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 ! t]m unresolv$ abduction case means an abduction case t rema9s unresolv$ = a p]iod t exce$s #ab mon?s aft] ! date on :i* ! complet$ application = return ( ! *ild is submitt$ = det]m9ation to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority1 z applicable1 9 ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild is locat$4 7,b7 ,resolution ( case ,an abduction case %all be consid]$ to be resolv$ if-- 7i7 ! *ild is return$ to ! c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce1 pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or o!r appropriate bilat]al proc$ures1 if applicable2 7ii7 ! judicial or adm9i/rative bran*1 z applicable1 ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! *ild is locat$ has implem5t$1 & is comply+ )1 ! provisions ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or o!r bilat]al proc$ures1 z applicable2 7iii7 ! left-beh9d p>5t rea*es a volunt>y arrangem5t ) ! o!r p>5t2 7iv7 ! left-beh9d p>5t submits a writt5 )drawal ( ! application or ! reque/ = assi/ance to ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate2 7v7 ! left-beh9d p>5t _c be locat$ = #a ye> despite ! docum5t$ ef=ts ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate to locate ! p>5t2 or 7vi7 ! *ild or left-beh9d p>5t is deceas$4 ,i ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate actions #aja4 ,annual report 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an ,april #cj ( ea* ye>1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all submit to ! appropriate congressional committees an ,annual ,report on ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction4 ,! ,secret>y %all po/ ! ,annual ,report to ! publicly accessible website ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate4 7b7 ,cont5ts ,ea* ,annual ,report %all include-- 7#a7 a li/ ( all c\ntries 9 :i* !re 7 #a or m abduction cases1 dur+ ! prec$+ cal5d> ye>1 relat+ to a *ild ^: habitual resid5ce is ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 includ+ a description ( :e!r ea* su* c\ntry-- 7,a7 is a ,conv5tion c\ntry2 7,b7 is a bilat]al proc$ures c\ntry2 7,c7 has o!r proc$ures = resolv+ su* abductions2 or 7,d7 adh]es to no protocols ) respect to *ild abduction2 7#b7 = ea* c\ntry ) respect to :i* !re 7 #e or m p5d+ abduction cases1 dur+ ! prec$+ ye>1 relat+ to a *ild ^: habitual resid5ce is ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7,a7 ! numb] ( su* new abduction & access cases report$ dur+ ! prec$+ ye>2 7,b7 = ,conv5tion & bilat]al proc$ures c\ntries-- 7i7 ! numb] ( abduction & access cases t ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates transmitt$ to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( su* c\ntry2 & 7ii7 ! numb] ( abduction & access cases t 7 n submitt$ by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority1 z applicable1 ( su* c\ntry2 7,c7 ! reason = ! delay 9 submission ( ea* case id5tifi$ 9 subp>agraph 7,b77ii7 by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( su* c\ntry to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority ( t c\ntry2 7,d7 ! numb] ( unresolv$ abduction & access cases1 & ! l5g? ( "t ea* case has be5 p5d+2 7,e7 ! numb] & p]c5tage ( unresolv$ abduction cases 9 :i* law en=cem5t au?orities h-- 7i7 n locat$ ! abduct$ *ild2 7ii7 fail$ to und]take s]i\s ef=ts to locate ! abduct$ *ild2 & 7iii7 fail$ to en=ce a return ord] r5d]$ by ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?orities ( su* c\ntry2 7,f7 ! total numb] & ! p]c5tage ( ! total numb] ( abduction & access cases1 respectively1 resolv$ dur+ ! prec$+ ye>2 7,g7 recomm5dations to improve ! resolution ( abduction & access cases2 & 7,h7 ! av]age "t x takes to locate a *ild2 7#c7 ! numb] ( abduct$ *ildr5 ^: habitual resid5ce is 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & :o 7 return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates f-- 7,a7 ,conv5tion c\ntries2 7,b7 bilat]al proc$ures c\ntries2 7,c7 c\ntries hav+ o!r proc$ures = resolv+ su* abductions2 or 7,d7 c\ntries adh]+ to no protocols ) respect to *ild abduction2 7#d7 a li/ ( ,conv5tion c\ntries & bilat]al proc$ures c\ntries t h fail$ to comply ) any ( _! obligations "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or bilat]al proc$ures1 z applicable1 ) respect to ! resolution ( abduction & access cases2 7#e7 a li/ ( c\ntries demon/rat+ a patt]n ( noncompliance & a description ( ! crit]ia on :i* ! det]m9ation ( a patt]n ( noncompliance = ea* c\ntry is bas$2 7#f7 in=mation on ef=ts by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate to enc\rage non-,conv5tion c\ntries-- 7,a7 to ratify or acc$e to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 7,b7 to ent] into or implem5t o!r bilat]al proc$ures1 includ+ memor&a ( und]/&+1 ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & 7,c7 to address p5d+ abduction & access cases2 7#g7 ! numb] ( cases resolv$ )\t abduct$ *ildr5 be+ return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates f ,conv5tion c\ntries1 bilat]al proc$ures c\ntries1 or o!r non-,conv5tion c\ntries2 7#h7 a li/ ( c\ntries t became ,conv5tion c\ntries ) respect to ! ,unit$ ,/ates dur+ ! prec$+ ye>2 & 7#i7 in=mation ab\t ef=ts to seek resolution ( abduction cases ( *ildr5 ^: habitual resid5ce is 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ^: abduction occurr$ be=e ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion ent]$ into =ce ) respect to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7c7 ,exceptions ,unless a left-beh9d p>5t provides writt5 p]mission to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to include p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation ab\t ! p>5t or ! *ild 9 ! ,annual ,report1 ! ,annual ,report may n include any p]sonally id5tifiable in=mation ab\t any su* p>5t1 *ild1 or p>ty to an abduction or access case involv+ su* p>5t or *ild4 7d7 ,additional sections ,ea* ,annual ,report %all also include-- 7#a7 in=mation on ! numb] ( unresolv$ abduction cases affect+ milit>y p>5ts2 7#b7 a description ( ! assi/ance (f]$ to su* milit>y p>5ts2 7#c7 in=mation on ! use ( airl9es 9 abductions1 volunt>y airl9e practices to prev5t abductions1 & recomm5dations = be/ airl9e practices to prev5t abductions2 7#d7 in=mation on actions tak5 by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to tra9 dome/ic judges 9 ! application ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion2 & 7#e7 in=mation on actions tak5 by ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to tra9 ,unit$ ,/ates ,arm$ ,=ces legal assi/ance p]sonnel1 milit>y *apla9s1 & milit>y family support c5t] p]sonnel ab\t-- 7,a7 abductions2 7,b7 ! risk ( loss ( contact ) *ildr52 & 7,c7 ! legal means available to resolve su* cases4 7e7 ,repeal ( ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion ,compliance ,report ,section #bhjc ( ! ,=eign ,affairs ,re=m & ,re/ructur+ ,act ( #aiih 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aafaa7 is repeal$4 7f7 ,notification to ,congress on c\ntries 9 noncompliance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all include1 9 a sep>ate section ( ! ,annual ,report1 ! ,secret>y's det]m9ation1 pursuant to ! provisions "u section #bjb7;b71 ( :e!r ea* c\ntry li/$ 9 ! report has engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncompliance 9 cases ( *ild abduction dur+ ! prec$+ #ab mon?s4 7#b7 ,cont5ts ,! section describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7-- 7,a7 %all id5tify any action or actions describ$ 9 section #bjb7;d7 7or comm5surate action z provid$ 9 section #bjb7;e77 t h be5 tak5 by ! ,secret>y ) respect to ea* c\ntry2 7,b7 %all describe ! basis = ! ,secret>y's det]m9ation ( ! patt]n ( noncompliance by ea* c\ntry2 7,c7 %all indicate :e!r noneconomic policy options design$ to resolve ! patt]n ( noncompliance h reasonably be5 exhau/$1 includ+ ! consultations requir$ "u section #bjc4 #ajb4 ,/&>ds & assi/ance ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all-- 7#a7 ensure t ,unit$ ,/ates diplomatic & consul> missions abroad-- 7,a7 ma9ta9 a consi/5t report+ /&>d ) respect to abduction & access cases2 7,b7 designate at lea/ #a s5ior (ficial 9 ea* su* mission1 at ! discretion ( ! ,*ief ( ,mission1 to assi/ left-beh9d p>5ts f ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o are visit+ su* c\ntry or o!rwise seek+ to resolve abduction or access cases2 & 7,c7 monitor developm5ts 9 abduction & access cases2 & 7#b7 develop & implem5t writt5 /rategic plans = engagem5t ) any ,conv5tion or non-,conv5tion c\ntry 9 :i* !re are #e or m cases ( int]national *ild abduction4 #ajc4 ,bilat]al proc$ures1 includ+ memor&a ( und]/&+ 7a7 ,developm5t 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all initiate a process to develop & ent] into appropriate bilat]al proc$ures1 includ+ memor&a ( und]/&+1 z appropriate1 ) non-,conv5tion c\ntries t are unlikely to become ,conv5tion c\ntries 9 ! =eseeable future1 or ) ,conv5tion c\ntries t h unresolv$ abduction cases t occurr$ be=e ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion ent]$ into =ce ) respect to ! ,unit$ ,/ates or t c\ntry4 7#b7 ,prioritization ,9 c>ry+ out p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all give priority to c\ntries ) significant abduction cases & relat$ issues4 7b7 ,elem5ts ,! bilat]al proc$ures describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 %\ld include provisions relat+ to-- 7#a7 ! id5tification (-- 7,a7 ! ,c5tral ,au?ority2 7,b7 ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority t w promptly adjudicate abduction & access cases2 7,c7 ! law en=cem5t ag5cies2 & 7,d7 ! implem5tation ( proc$ures to ensure ! imm$iate en=cem5t ( an ord] issu$ by ! au?ority id5tifi$ pursuant to subp>agraph 7,b7 to return an abduct$ *ild to a left-beh9d p>5t1 includ+ by-- 7i7 conduct+ an inve/igation to asc]ta9 ! location ( ! abduct$ *ild2 7ii7 provid+ protection to ! abduct$ *ild aft] su* *ild is locat$2 & 7iii7 retriev+ ! abduct$ *ild & mak+ ! appropriate arrangem5ts = su* *ild to be return$ to ! *ild's c\ntry ( habitual resid5ce2 7#b7 ! implem5tation ( a protocol to effectuate ! return ( an abduct$ *ild id5tifi$ 9 an abduction case n lat] ?an #f weeks aft] ! application ) respect to ! abduction case has be5 submitt$ to ! judicial or adm9i/rative au?ority1 z applicable1 ( ! c\ntry 9 :i* ! abduct$ *ild is locat$2 7#c7 ! implem5tation ( a protocol = ! e/abli%m5t & protection ( ! rights ( int]im contact dur+ p5d5cy ( abduction cases2 & 7#d7 ! implem5tation ( a protocol to e/abli% p]iodic visits betwe5 a ,unit$ ,/ates embassy or consul> (ficial & an abduct$ *ild1 9 ord] to all[ ! (ficial to asc]ta9 ! *ild's location & welf>e4 #ajd4 ,report to congressional repres5tatives 7a7 ,notification ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all submit writt5 notification to ! ,memb] ( ,congress & ,s5ators1 or ,resid5t ,commission] or ,delegate1 z appropriate1 repres5t+ ! legal resid5ce ( a left-beh9d p>5t if su* p>5t-- 7#a7 reports an abduction to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & 7#b7 cons5ts to su* notification4 7b7 ,tim+ ,at ! reque/ ( any p]son :o is a left-beh9d p>5t1 includ+ a left-beh9d p>5t :o previ\sly report$ an abduction to ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates be=e ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! notification requir$ "u subsection 7a7 %all be provid$ z soon z is practicable4 ,,ii ,actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate #bja4 ,response to int]national *ild abductions 7a7 ,unit$ ,/ates policy ,x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 to promote ! be/ int]e/ ( *ildr5 wrongfully abduct$ f ! ,unit$ ,/ates by-- 7,a7 e/abli%+ legal rights & proc$ures = _! prompt return2 & 7,b7 ensur+ ! en=cem5t ( reciprocal int]national obligations "u ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or arrangem5ts "u bilat]al proc$ures2 7#b7 to promote ! timely resolution ( abduction cases ?r\gh #a or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 section #bjb2 & 7#c7 to ensure appropriate coord9ation )9 ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t & betwe5 ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 & local ag5cies involv$ 9 abduction prev5tion1 inve/igation1 & resolution4 7b7 ,actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate 9 response to unresolv$ cases 7#a7 ,det]m9ation ( action by ! secret>y ( /ate ,= ea* abduction or access case relat+ to a *ild ^: habitual resid5ce is 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates t rema9s p5d+ or is o!rwise unresolv$ on ! date t is #ab mon?s aft] ! date on :i* ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates submits su* case to a =eign c\ntry1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all det]m9e :e!r ! gov]nm5t ( su* =eign c\ntry has fail$ to take appropriate /eps to resolve ! case4 ,if ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate det]m9es t su* failure occurr$1 ! ,secret>y %\ld1 z exp$iti\sly z practicable-- 7,a7 take #a or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 subsections 7d7 & 7e7 ( section #bjb2 & 7,b7 direct ! ,*ief ( ,mission 9 t =eign c\ntry to directly address ! resolution ( ! case ) s5ior (ficials 9 ! =eign gov]nm5t4 7#b7 ,au?ority = delay ( action by ! secret>y ( /ate ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate may delay any action describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t an additional p]iod ( "t1 n to exce$ #a ye>1 w sub/antially assi/ 9 resolv+ ! case4 7#c7 ,report ,if ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate delays any action pursuant to p>agraph 7#b7 or decides n to take an action describ$ 9 subsection 7d7 or 7e7 ( section #bjb aft] mak+ ! det]m9ation describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y1 n lat] ?an #ae days aft] su* delay or decision1 %all provide a report to ! appropriate congressional committees t details ! reasons = delay+ action or n tak+ action1 z appropriate4 7#d7 ,congressional brief+s ,at ! reque/ ( ! appropriate congressional committees1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all provide a detail$ brief+1 includ+ a writt5 report1 if reque/$1 on actions tak5 to resolve a case or ! cause = delay4 7c7 ,implem5tation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 c>ry+ out subsection 7b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %\ld-- 7,a7 take #a or m actions t mo/ appropriately respond to ! nature & sev]ity ( ! gov]nm5tal failure to resolve ! unresolv$ abduction case2 & 7,b7 seek1 to ! fulle/ ext5t possible-- 7i7 to initially respond by communicat+ ) ! ,c5tral ,au?ority ( ! c\ntry2 & 7ii7 if clause 7i7 is unsuccessful1 to t>get subsequ5t actions-- 7,i7 z n>r[ly z practicable1 ) respect to ! ag5cies or in/rum5talities ( ! =eign gov]nm5t t are responsible = su* failures2 & 7,,ii7 9 ways t respect ! sep>ation ( p[]s & indep5d5ce ( ! judici>y ( ! c\ntry1 z applicable4 7#b7 ,guidel9es = actions by ! secret>y ( /ate ,9 addition to ! guidel9es "u p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 9 det]m9+ :e!r to take #a or m actions "u p>agraphs 7#e7 ?r\gh 7#g7 ( section #bjb7;d7 or section #bjb7;e71 %all seek to m9imize any adv]se impact on-- 7,a7 ! population ( ! c\ntry ^: gov]nm5t is t>get$ by ! action or actions2 7,b7 ! humanit>ian activities ( ,unit$ ,/ates & nongov]nm5tal organizations 9 ! c\ntry2 & 7,c7 ! national security int]e/s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 #bjb4 ,actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate 9 response to patt]ns ( noncompliance 9 cases ( int]national *ild abductions 7a7 ,response to a patt]n ( noncompliance ,x is ! policy ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates-- 7#a7 to oppose in/itutional or o!r sy/emic failures ( =eign gov]nm5ts to fulfill _! obligations pursuant to ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or bilat]al proc$ures1 z applicable1 to resolve abduction & access cases2 7#b7 to promote reciprocity pursuant to1 & 9 compliance )1 ! ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion or bilat]al proc$ures1 z appropriate2 & 7#c7 to directly engage ) s5ior =eign gov]nm5t (ficials to mo/ effectively address patt]ns ( noncompliance4 7b7 ,det]m9ation ( c\ntries ) patt]ns ( noncompliance 9 cases ( int]national *ild abduction 7#a7 ,annual review ,n lat] ?an ,april #cj ( ea* ye>1 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all-- 7,a7 review ! /atus ( abduction & access cases 9 ea* =eign c\ntry 9 ord] to det]m9e :e!r ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry has engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncompliance dur+ ! prec$+ #ab mon?s2 & 7,b7 report su* det]m9ation pursuant to section #aja7;f74 7#b7 ,det]m9ations ( responsible p>ties ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all seek to det]m9e ! ag5cies or in/rum5talities ( ! gov]nm5t ( ea* c\ntry det]m9$ to h engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncompliance "u p>agraph 7#a77;,a7 t are responsible = su* patt]n ( noncompliance-- 7,a7 to appropriately t>get actions 9 response to su* noncompliance2 & 7,b7 to engage ) s5ior =eign gov]nm5t (ficials to effectively address su* noncompliance4 7c7 ,actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate ) respect to a c\ntry ) a patt]n ( noncompliance 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,n lat] ?an #ij days 7or #ahj days 9 case ( a delay "u p>agraph 7#b77 aft] a c\ntry is det]m9$ to h be5 engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncompliance "u subsection 7b77#a77;,a71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all-- 7,a7 take #a or m ( ! actions describ$ 9 subsection 7d72 7,b7 direct ! ,*ief ( ,mission 9 t c\ntry to directly address ! sy/emic problems t l$ to su* det]m9ation2 & 7,c7 in=m s5ior (ficials 9 ! =eign gov]nm5t ( ! pot5tial rep]cussions relat$ to su* designation4 7#b7 ,au?ority = delay ( actions by ! secret>y ( /ate ,! ,secret>y %all n be requir$ to take action "u p>agraph 7#a7 until ! expiration ( a s+le1 additional p]iod ( up to #ij days if1 on or be=e ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate is requir$ to take su* action1 ! ,secret>y det]m9es & c]tifies to ! appropriate congressional committees t su* additional p]iod is necess>y-- 7,a7 = a cont9uation ( negotiations t h be5 comm5c$ ) ! gov]nm5t ( a c\ntry describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 9 ord] to br+ ab\t a cessation ( ! patt]n ( noncompliance by su* c\ntry2 7,b7 = a review ( corrective action tak5 by a c\ntry aft] ! designation ( su* c\ntry z be+ engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncompliance "u subsection 7b77#a77;,a72 or 7,c7 9 anticipation t corrective action w be tak5 by su* c\ntry dur+ su* #ij-;day p]iod4 7#c7 ,exception = additional action by ! secret>y ( /ate ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all n be requir$ to take additional action "u p>agraph 7#a7 ) respect to a c\ntry det]m9$ to h be5 engag$ 9 a p]si/5t patt]n ( noncompliance if ! ,secret>y-- 7,a7 has tak5 action pursuant to p>agraph 7#e71 7#f71 or 7#g7 ( subsection 7d7 ) respect to su* c\ntry 9 ! prec$+ ye> & su* action cont9ues to be 9 effect2 7,b7 ex]cises ! waiv] "u section #bjd & briefs ! appropriate congressional committees2 or 7,c7 submits a report to ! appropriate congressional committees t-- 7i7 indicates t su* c\ntry is subject to multiple1 broad-bas$ sanctions2 & 7ii7 describes h[ su* sanctions satisfy ! requirem5ts "u ?is subsection4 7#d7 ,report to congress ,n lat] ?an #ij days aft] ! submission ( ! ,annual ,report1 ! ,secret>y %all submit a report to ,congress on ! specific actions tak5 aga9/ c\ntries det]m9$ to h be5 engag$ 9 a patt]n ( noncompliance "u ?is section4 7d7 ,description ( actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate 9 ,hague ,abduction ,conv5tion c\ntries ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7f71 ! actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate ref]r$ to 9 ?is subsection are-- 7#a7 a dem>*e2 7#b7 an (ficial public /atem5t detail+ unresolv$ cases2 7#c7 a public condemnation2 7#d7 a delay or cancellation ( #a or m bilat]al work+1 (ficial1 or /ate visits2 7#e7 ! )drawal1 limitation1 or susp5sion ( ,unit$ ,/ates developm5t assi/ance 9 accordance ) section #aaf ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean72 7#f7 ! )drawal1 limitation1 or susp5sion ( ,unit$ ,/ates security assi/ance 9 accordance ) section #ejb;,b ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcjd72 7#g7 ! )drawal1 limitation1 or susp5sion ( assi/ance to ! c5tral gov]nm5t ( a c\ntry pursuant to *apt] #d ( "p ,,ii ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcdf et seq42 relat+ to ! ,economic ,support ,fund72 & 7#h7 a =mal reque/ to ! =eign c\ntry conc]n$ to extradite an individual :o is engag$ 9 abduction & :o has be5 =mally accus$ (1 *>g$ )1 or convict$ ( an extraditable (f5se4 7e7 ,comm5surate action 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7f71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate may sub/itute any o!r action au?oriz$ by law = any action describ$ 9 subsection 7d7 if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t su* action-- 7,a7 is comm5surate 9 effect to ! action sub/itut$2 & 7,b7 w\ld sub/antially fur!r ! purposes ( ?is ,act4 7#b7 ,notification ,if comm5surate action is tak5 pursuant to ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y %all submit a report to ! appropriate congressional committees t-- 7,a7 describes su* action2 7,b7 expla9s ! reasons = tak+ su* action2 & 7,c7 specifically describes ! basis = ! ,secret>y's det]m9ation "u p>agraph 7#a7 t su* action-- 7i7 is comm5surate ) ! action sub/itut$2 & 7ii7 sub/antially fur!rs ! purposes ( ?is ,act4 7f7 ,resolution ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all seek to take all appropriate actions au?oriz$ by law to resolve ! unresolv$ case or to obta9 ! cessation ( su* patt]n ( noncompliance1 z applicable4 7g7 ,humanit>ian exception ,any action tak5 pursuant to subsection 7d7 or 7e7 may n prohibit or re/rict ! provision ( m$ic9e1 m$ical equipm5t or supplies1 food1 or o!r life-sav+ humanit>ian assi/ance4 #bjc4 ,consultations ) =eign gov]nm5ts ,z soon z practicable aft] ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate makes a det]m9ation "u section #bja 9 response to a failure to resolve unresolv$ abduction cases or ! ,secret>y takes an action "u subsection 7d7 or 7e7 ( section #bjb1 bas$ on a patt]n ( noncompliance1 ! ,secret>y %all reque/ consultations ) ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry reg>d+ ! situation giv+ rise to su* det]m9ation4 #bjd4 ,waiv] by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to subsection 7b71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate may waive ! application ( any ( ! actions describ$ 9 subsections 7d7 & 7e7 ( section #bjb ) respect to a c\ntry if ! ,secret>y det]m9es & notifies ! appropriate congressional committees t-- 7#a7 ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry-- 7,a7 has satisfactorily resolv$ ! abduction cases giv+ rise to ! application ( any ( su* actions2 or 7,b7 has end$ su* c\ntry's patt]n ( noncompliance2 or 7#b7 ! national security int]e/ ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates requires ! ex]cise ( su* waiv] au?ority4 7b7 ,congressional notification ,n lat] ?an ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate ex]cises ! waiv] au?ority "u subsection 7a71 ! ,secret>y %all-- 7#a7 notify ! appropriate congressional committees ( su* waiv]2 & 7#b7 provide su* committees ) a detail$ ju/ification = su* waiv]1 includ+ an explanation ( ! /eps ! noncompliant gov]nm5t has tak5-- 7,a7 to resolve abductions cases2 or 7,b7 to end its patt]n ( noncompliance4 7c7 ,publication 9 ,f$]al ,regi/] ,subject to subsection 7d71 ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all ensure t ea* waiv] det]m9ation "u ?is section-- 7#a7 is publi%$ 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/]2 or 7#b7 is po/$ on ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate website4 7d7 ,limit$ disclosure ( in=mation ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate may limit ! publication ( in=mation "u subsection 7c7 9 ! same mann] & to ! same ext5t z ! ,presid5t may limit ! publication ( f9d+s & det]m9ations describ$ 9 section #fed7;c7 ( ! ,=eign ,assi/ance ,act ( #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bdad7;c771 if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t ! publication ( su* in=mation w\ld be h>mful to ! national security ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates & w\ld n fur!r ! purposes ( ?is ,act4 #bje4 ,t]m9ation ( actions by ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate ,any specific action tak5 "u ?is ,act or any am5dm5t made by ?is ,act ) respect to a =eign c\ntry %all t]m9ate on ! date on :i* ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate submits a writt5 c]tification to ,congress t ! gov]nm5t ( su* c\ntry-- 7#a7 has resolv$ any unresolv$ abduction case t gave rise to su* specific action2 or 7#b7 has tak5 sub/antial & v]ifiable /eps to correct su* c\ntry's p]si/5t patt]n ( noncompliance t gave rise to su* specific action1 z applicable4 ,,iii ,prev5tion ( ,int]national ,*ild ,abduction #cja4 ,prev5t+ *ildr5 f leav+ ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 violation ( a c\rt ord] 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subtitle ,c ( title ,,iv ( ! ,homel& ,security ,act ( #bjjb 7#f ,u4,s4,c4 #bca et seq47 is am5d$ by add+ at ! end ! foll[+3 #dcc4 ,prev5tion ( int]national *ild abduction 7a7 ,program e/abli%$ ,! ,secret>y1 ?r\gh ! ,commission] ( ,u4,s4 ,cu/oms & ,bord] ,protection 7ref]r$ to 9 ?is section z ,,cbp71 9 coord9ation ) ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ! ,attorney ,g5]al1 & ! ,director ( ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( ,inve/igation1 %all e/abli% a program t-- 7#a7 seeks to prev5t a *ild 7z def9$ 9 section #abjd7;b77#a7 ( title #ah1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code7 f dep>t+ f ! t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates if a p>5t or legal gu>dian ( su* *ild pres5ts a c\rt ord] f a c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction prohibit+ ! removal ( su* *ild f ! ,unit$ ,/ates to a ,,cbp ,(fic] 9 suffici5t "t to prev5t su* dep>ture = ! duration ( su* c\rt ord]2 & 7#b7 lev]ages o!r exi/+ au?orities & processes to address ! wrongful removal & return ( a *ild4 7b7 ,int]ag5cy coord9ation 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate %all conv5e & *air an int]ag5cy work+ gr\p to prev5t int]national p>5tal *ild abduction4 ,! gr\p %all be compos$ ( presid5tially appo9t$1 ,s5ate confirm$ (ficials f-- 7,a7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate2 7,b7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,homel& ,security1 includ+ ,u4,s4 ,cu/oms & ,bord] ,protection & ,u4,s4 ,immigration & ,cu/oms ,en=cem5t2 & 7,c7 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1 includ+ ! ,f$]al ,bureau ( ,inve/igation4 7#b7 ,dep>tm5t ( def5se ,! ,secret>y ( ,def5se %all designate an (ficial )9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,def5se-- 7,a7 to coord9ate ) ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,/ate on int]national *ild abduction issues2 & 7,b7 to ov]see activities design$ to prev5t or resolve int]national *ild abduction cases relat+ to active duty milit>y s]vice memb]s4 4 7b7 ,cl]ical am5dm5t ,! table ( cont5ts ( ! ,homel& ,security ,act ( #bjjb 7#f ,u4,s4,c4 #aja note7 is am5d$ by add+ aft] ! item relat+ to section #dcb ! foll[+3 ,sec4 #dcc4 ,prev5tion ( int]national *ild abduction4 4 #cjb4 ,au?orization = judicial tra9+ on int]national p>5tal *ild abduction 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 subject to ! availability ( appropriations1 %all seek to provide tra9+1 directly or ?r\gh ano!r gov]nm5t ag5cy or nongov]nm5tal organizations1 on ! effective h&l+ ( p>5tal abduction cases to ! judicial & adm9i/rative au?orities 9 c\ntries-- 7#a7 9 :i* a significant numb] ( unresolv$ abduction cases are p5d+2 or 7#b7 t h be5 designat$ z hav+ a patt]n ( noncompliance "u section #bjb7;b74 7b7 ,/rategy requirem5t ,n lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ! ,presid5t %all submit a /rategy to c>ry out ! activities describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 to-- 7#a7 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,relations ( ! ,s5ate2 7#b7 ! ,committee on ,=eign ,affairs ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives2 7#c7 ! ,committee on ,appropriations ( ! ,s5ate2 & 7#d7 ! ,committee on ,appropriations ( ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives4 7c7 ,au?orization ( appropriations 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,!re is au?oriz$ to be appropriat$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate #a1jjj1jjj = ea* ( ! fiscal ye>s #bjae & #bjaf to c>ry out subsection 7a74 7#b7 ,use ( funds ,am\nts appropriat$ = ! activities set =? 9 subsection 7a7 %all be us$ pursuant to ! au?orization & requirem5ts "u ?is section4 ,june #bf1 #bjad,report$ ) an am5dm5t