,i #aacth ,,congress #ast ,session ,h4 ,r4 #bidg ,,in ,,the ,,house ,,of ,,representatives ,august #a1 #bjac ,mrs4 ,carolyn ,b4 ,maloney of ,new ,york 7for herself1 ,ms4 ,lee of ,california1 and ,ms4 ,norton7 introduced the following bill2 which was referred to the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs1 and in addition to the ,committees on ,financial ,services and the ,judiciary1 for a period to be subsequently determined by the ,speaker1 in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned ,a ,,bill ,to express ,united ,states foreign policy with respect to1 and to strengthen ,united ,states advocacy on behalf of1 individuals persecuted and denied their rights in foreign countries on account of gender1 and for other purposes4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents 7a7 ,short title ,this ,act may be cited as the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac4 7b7 ,table of contents ,the table of contents for this ,act is as follows3 ,sec4 #a4 ,short title2 table of contents4 ,sec4 #b4 ,findings2 policy4 ,sec4 #c4 ,definitions4 ,title ,i--,department of ,state ,activities ,sec4 #aja4 ,office on ,international ,women's ,rights2 ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights4 ,sec4 #ajb4 ,reports4 ,sec4 #ajc4 ,establishment of a women's rights ,internet site4 ,sec4 #ajd4 ,training for foreign service officers4 ,sec4 #aje4 ,high-level contacts with nongovernmental organizations4 ,sec4 #ajf4 ,programs and allocations of funds by ,united ,states missions abroad4 ,sec4 #ajg4 ,prisoner lists and issue briefs on women's rights concerns4 ,title ,,ii--,commission on ,international ,women's ,rights ,sec4 #bja4 ,establishment and composition4 ,sec4 #bjb4 ,duties of the ,commission4 ,sec4 #bjc4 ,powers of the ,commission4 ,sec4 #bjd4 ,commission personnel matters4 ,sec4 #bje4 ,reports of the ,commission4 ,sec4 #bjf4 ,applicability of other laws4 ,sec4 #bjg4 ,standards of conduct and disclosure4 ,sec4 #bjh4 ,authorization of appropriations4 ,sec4 #bji4 ,termination4 ,title ,,iii--,national ,security ,council ,sec4 #cja4 ,special ,adviser on ,international ,women's ,rights4 ,title ,,iv--,presidential ,actions ,subtitle ,a--,targeted ,responses to ,violations of ,women's ,rights ,abroad ,sec4 #dja4 ,presidential actions in response to violations of women's rights4 ,sec4 #djb4 ,presidential actions in response to particularly severe violations of women's rights4 ,sec4 #djc4 ,consultations4 ,sec4 #djd4 ,report to ,congress4 ,sec4 #dje4 ,description of ,presidential actions4 ,sec4 #djf4 ,effects on existing contracts4 ,sec4 #djg4 ,presidential waiver4 ,sec4 #djh4 ,publication in ,federal ,register4 ,sec4 #dji4 ,termination of ,presidential actions4 ,sec4 #daj4 ,preclusion of judicial review4 ,subtitle ,b--,strengthening ,existing ,law ,sec4 #dba4 ,united ,states assistance4 ,sec4 #dbb4 ,multilateral assistance4 ,sec4 #dbc4 ,exports of certain items used in particularly severe violations of women's rights4 ,title ,v--,promotion of women's rights ,sec4 #eja4 ,assistance for promoting women's rights4 ,sec4 #ejb4 ,international broadcasting4 ,sec4 #ejc4 ,international exchanges4 ,sec4 #ejd4 ,foreign service awards4 ,title ,,vi--,refugee1 asylum1 and consular matters ,sec4 #fja4 ,use of ,annual ,report4 ,sec4 #fjb4 ,refugee training4 ,sec4 #fjc4 ,reform of asylum policy4 ,sec4 #fjd4 ,inadmissibility of foreign government officials who have engaged in particularly severe violations of women's rights4 ,sec4 #fje4 ,study on the effect of expedited removal provisions on asylum claims4 ,title ,,vii--,miscellaneous ,provisions ,sec4 #gja4 ,business codes of conduct4 #b4 ,findings2 policy 7a7 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,support for human rights is the cornerstone of ,american foreign policy1 and the advance of women's rights and the advance of liberty are ultimately inseparable4 7#b7 ,a number of international human rights instruments1 as well as several international declarations1 have recognized the equal rights of men and women and articulated specific aspects of women's human rights1 including the ,universal ,declaration of ,human ,rights1 the ,charter of the ,united ,nations1 the ,international ,covenant on ,civil and ,political ,rights1 the ,international ,covenant on ,economic1 ,social and ,cultural ,rights1 the ,convention on the ,elimination of all ,forms of ,discrimination against ,women1 the ,inter-,american ,convention on the ,prevention1 ,punishment and ,eradication of ,violence ,against ,women1 the ,declaration on the ,elimination of ,violence against ,women1 and the ,beijing ,declaration and ,platform for ,action4 7#c7 ,article #a of the ,universal ,declaration of ,human ,rights recognizes that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights1 and ,article #g recognizes that all are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law4 ,article #c of the ,international ,covenant on ,civil and ,political ,rights recognizes that the ,state ,parties to the ,covenant undertake to ensure the equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all civil and political rights set forth in the ,covenant4 ,article #bf of the ,covenant provides that all persons are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to the equal protection of the law4 ,in this respect1 the laws of each ,state ,party shall prohibit any discrimination and guarantee to all persons equal and effective protection against discrimination on any ground such as race1 color1 sex1 language1 religion1 political or other opinion1 national or social origin1 property1 birth or other status4 ,the ,preamble of the ,charter of the ,united ,nations affirms the equal rights of men and women4 ,governments have the responsibility to protect the fundamental rights of their citizens and to pursue justice for all4 ,women's rights are fundamental rights1 regardless of race1 country1 creed1 or nationality1 and should never be arbitrarily abridged by any government4 7#d7 ,barbaric treatment of women persists in many parts of the world4 ,women suffer both government-sponsored and government-tolerated violations of their human rights4 ,in countries where women are subject to particularly severe restrictions1 women cannot work outside the home1 cannot attend schools or universities1 cannot drive1 cannot leave the home without a male companion1 may only use segregated transportation1 cannot obtain a passport or travel without the permission of a male relative1 must wear particular clothing1 must black out house windows in public view1 cannot obtain quality health education1 and have limited access to health care because a male relative must be present or because male doctors are not allowed to touch female patients4 ,the ,in-depth study on all forms of violence against women conducted by the ,secretary ,general of the ,united ,nations found that in many countries1 women's economic opportunities are severely limited because of discrimination in employment1 property rights1 and access to resources4 ,these inequalities work to limit women's independence and make them more vulnerable to further discrimination1 including violence4 7#e7 ,violence against women is a form of discrimination which is pervasive throughout all parts of the world4 ,in many countries1 governments condone or perpetrate violence against women4 ,women are subject to various manifestations of brutal violence1 including female genital mutilation1 honor killings1 domestic violence1 gender-based murders1 rape1 trafficking1 forced early marriage1 and the maltreatment of widows4 ,perpetration of violence by the country can include custodial violence1 forced sterilization1 sexual violence during armed conflict1 and policies on forced pregnancy and forced abortion4 ,violence against women has consequences for their health and well-being1 their economic security1 and the economic development of their communities and countries4 7#f7 ,though not confined to a particular region or regime1 violations of women's rights are often particularly widespread1 systematic1 and heinous under totalitarian governments and in countries with militant1 politicized religious majorities or with strong tribal traditions4 7#g7 ,congress has recognized and denounced international violations of women's rights through the adoption of the following resolutions3 7,a7 ,senate ,resolution #fh of the #ajfth ,congress1 expressing the sense of the ,senate regarding the treatment of women and girls by the ,taliban in ,afghanistan4 7,b7 ,senate ,concurrent ,resolution #db of the #ajgth ,congress1 condemning the ,taliban for their discriminatory policies towards women4 7,c7 ,senate ,concurrent ,resolution #hf of the #ajgth ,congress1 expressing the sense of ,congress that women from all ethnic groups in ,afghanistan should participate in the economic and political reconstruction of ,afghanistan4 7,d7 ,house ,resolution #cic of the #ajhth ,congress1 commending ,afghan women for their participation in ,afghan government and civil society1 encouraging the inclusion of ,afghan women in the political and economic life of ,afghanistan1 and advocating the protection of the human rights of all ,afghans1 particularly women1 in the ,afghanistan ,constitution4 7,e7 ,senate ,resolution #gd of the #ajith ,congress1 designating ,march #h1 #bjje1 as ,international ,women's ,day4 7b7 ,policy ,it shall be the policy of the ,united ,states to do the following3 7#a7 ,to condemn violations of women's rights1 and to promote1 and to assist other governments in promoting1 the fundamental human rights of women4 7#b7 ,to seek to channel ,united ,states security and development assistance to governments other than those found to be engaged in gross violations of the rights of women1 as set forth in the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa1 in the ,international ,financial ,institutions ,act1 and in other formulations of ,united ,states human rights policy4 7#c7 ,to be vigorous and flexible1 reflecting both the unwavering commitment of the ,united ,states to women's rights and the desire of the ,united ,states for the most effective and principled response1 in light of the range of violations of women's rights by a variety of persecuting regimes1 and the status of the relations of the ,united ,states with different nations4 7#d7 ,to work with foreign governments that affirm and protect women's rights1 in order to develop multilateral documents and initiatives to combat violations of women's rights and promote the right of women to enjoy their human rights abroad4 7#e7 ,standing for liberty and standing with the disadvantaged1 to use and implement appropriate tools in the ,united ,states foreign policy apparatus1 including diplomatic1 political1 commercial1 charitable1 educational1 and cultural channels1 to promote respect for women's rights by all governments and peoples4 #c4 ,definitions ,in this ,act3 7#a7 ,ambassador at large ,the term ,ambassador at ,large means the ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights appointed under section #aja7;b74 7#b7 ,annual report ,the term ,annual ,report means the ,annual ,report on ,international ,women's ,rights described in section #ajb7;b74 7#c7 ,appropriate congressional committees ,the term appropriate congressional committees-- 7,a7 means the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate and the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives2 and 7,b7 includes1 in the case of any determination made with respect to the taking of ,presidential action under paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a71 the committees described in subparagraph 7,a7 and1 where appropriate1 the ,committee on ,financial ,services of the ,house of ,representatives and the ,committee on ,banking1 ,housing1 and ,urban ,affairs of the ,senate4 7#d7 ,commensurate action ,the term commensurate action means action taken by the ,president under section #dje7;b74 7#e7 ,commission ,the term ,commission means the ,united ,states ,commission on ,international ,women's ,rights established in section #bja7;a74 7#f7 ,country reports on human rights practices ,the term ,country ,reports on ,human ,rights ,practices means the annual report required to be submitted by the ,secretary of ,state to ,congress under sections #aaf7;d7 and #ejb;,b7b7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa4 7#g7 ,executive summary ,the term ,executive ,summary means the ,executive ,summary to the ,annual ,report1 as described in section #ajb7;b77#a77;,f74 7#h7 ,government or foreign government ,the term government or foreign government includes any agency or instrumentality of the government4 7#i7 ,human rights reports ,the term ,human ,rights ,reports means all reports submitted by the ,secretary of ,state to ,congress under sections #aaf and #ejb;,b of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa4 7#aj7 ,office ,the term ,office means the ,office on ,international ,women's ,rights established in section #aja7;a74 7#aa7 ,particularly severe violations of women's rights ,the term particularly severe violations of women's rights means systematic1 ongoing1 egregious violations of women's rights1 including violations such as-- 7,a7 denying women freedoms that are guaranteed for men2 7,b7 torture or cruel1 inhuman1 or degrading treatment or punishment2 7,c7 government-sponsored or tolerated violence such as gender-based murder1 rape1 traditional practices such as honor killings and female genital mutilation1 abduction1 trafficking1 forced sterilization or forced abortion1 and custodial violence2 7,d7 limiting or denying access to health care and health education2 or 7,e7 other flagrant denials to women or girls of the right to life1 liberty1 or the security of persons4 7#ab7 ,special adviser ,the term ,special ,adviser means the ,special ,adviser to the ,president on ,international ,women's ,rights described in section #aja7m7 of the ,national ,security ,act of #aidg1 as added by section #cja of this ,act4 7#ac7 ,violations of women's rights ,the term violations of women's rights means violations of the internationally recognized human rights of women1 as set forth in the international instruments referred to in section #b7;a77#b7 and as described in section #b7;a77#c71 including violations such as-- 7,a7 arbitrary prohibitions on1 restrictions on1 or punishment for-- 7i7 women engaging in activities in which men are permitted to engage2 7ii7 travel1 employment1 or education for girls or women2 7iii7 clothing for girls or women2 7iv7 political participation and voting for women2 and 7v7 possession and distribution of literature pertaining to women's human rights2 7,b7 discriminatory laws or customary practices that deprive women of equal rights1 such as those pertaining to marriage and family relations1 nationality and citizenship1 legal capacity1 and access to economic resources2 or 7,c7 any of the following acts if committed because an individual is a girl or woman3 detention1 forced labor or prostitution1 imprisonment1 forced mass resettlement1 beating1 torture1 mutilation1 sexual assault and rape1 enslavement1 murder1 and execution4 ,i ,department of ,state ,activities #aja4 ,office on ,international ,women's ,rights2 ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights 7a7 ,establishment of office ,there is established within the ,department of ,state an ,office on ,international ,women's ,rights that shall be headed by the ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights appointed under subsection 7b74 7b7 ,appointment ,the ,ambassador at ,large shall be appointed by the ,president1 by and with the advice and consent of the ,senate4 7c7 ,duties ,the ,ambassador at ,large shall have the following responsibilities3 7#a7 ,in general ,the primary responsibility of the ,ambassador at ,large shall be to advance women's rights abroad1 to denounce the violation of those rights1 and to recommend appropriate responses by the ,united ,states ,government when those rights are violated4 7#b7 ,advisory role ,the ,ambassador at ,large shall be a principal adviser to the ,president and the ,secretary of ,state regarding matters affecting women's rights abroad and1 with advice from the ,commission1 shall make recommendations regarding-- 7,a7 the policies of the ,united ,states ,government toward governments that violate women's rights or that fail to ensure the rights of individual women2 and 7,b7 policies to advance women's rights abroad4 7#c7 ,diplomatic representation ,subject to the direction of the ,president and the ,secretary of ,state1 the ,ambassador at ,large is authorized to represent the ,united ,states in matters and cases relevant to women's rights abroad in-- 7,a7 contacts with foreign governments1 intergovernmental organizations1 specialized agencies of the ,united ,nations1 the ,organization on ,security and ,cooperation in ,europe1 and other international organizations of which the ,united ,states is a member2 and 7,b7 multilateral conferences and meetings relevant to women's rights abroad4 7#d7 ,reporting responsibilities ,the ,ambassador at ,large shall have the reporting responsibilities described in section #ajb4 7#e7 ,senior coordinator for international women's issues ,the ,ambassador at ,large shall1 in addition to his or her other duties1 assume the duties of the ,senior ,coordinator for ,international ,women's ,issues of the ,department of ,state4 7d7 ,funding ,the ,secretary of ,state shall provide the ,ambassador at ,large with such funds as may be necessary for the hiring of staff for the ,office1 for the conduct of investigations by the ,office1 and for necessary travel to carry out the provisions of this section4 #ajb4 ,reports 7a7 ,portions of annual human rights reports ,the ,ambassador at ,large shall assist the ,secretary of ,state in preparing those portions of the ,human ,rights ,reports that relate to women's rights and freedom from discrimination based on gender and those portions of other information provided to the ,congress under sections #aaf and #ejb;,b of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean1 #bcjd7 that relate to the right to freedom from discrimination based on sex4 7b7 ,annual report on international women's rights 7#a7 ,deadline for submission ,on ,september #a of each year or the first day thereafter on which the appropriate ,house of ,congress is in session1 the ,secretary of ,state1 with the assistance of the ,ambassador at ,large1 and taking into consideration the recommendations of the ,commission1 shall prepare and transmit to the ,congress an ,annual ,report on ,international ,women's ,rights supplementing the most recent ,human ,rights ,reports by providing additional detailed information with respect to matters involving international women's rights4 ,each ,annual ,report shall contain the following3 7,a7 ,status of women's rights ,a description of the status of women's rights in each foreign country1 including-- 7i7 trends toward improvement in the respect and protection of women's rights and trends toward deterioration of such rights2 7ii7 violations of women's rights engaged in or tolerated by the government of that country2 and 7iii7 particularly severe violations of women's rights engaged in or tolerated by the government of that country4 7,b7 ,violations of women's rights ,an assessment and description of the nature and extent of violations of women's rights in each foreign country1 including gender-based discrimination by governmental and nongovernmental entities1 discrimination targeted at individuals or particular groups of women1 and the existence of government policies violating women's rights4 7,c7 ,united states policies ,a description of ,united ,states actions and policies in support of women's rights in each foreign country engaging in or tolerating violations of women's rights1 including a description of the measures and policies implemented during the preceding #ab months by the ,united ,states under this title and titles ,,iv and ,v in opposition to violations of women's rights and in support of international women's rights4 7,d7 ,international agreements in effect ,a description of any binding agreement with a foreign government entered into by the ,united ,states under section #dja7;b7 or #djb7;c74 7,e7 ,training and guidelines of government personnel ,a description of-- 7i7 the training described in the last sentence of section #gjh7;a7 of the ,foreign ,service ,act of #aihj 7as amended by section #ajd of this ,act71 and sections #bjh7;f7 and #bdj7;f7 of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7as amended by section #fjc of this ,act71 on violations of women's rights that is provided to immigration judges and consular1 refugee1 immigration1 and asylum officers2 and 7ii7 the development and implementation of the guidelines described in subsections 7f77#c7 and 7g7 of section #bjg of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7as amended by section #fjb of this ,act74 7,f7 ,executive summary ,an ,executive ,summary to the ,annual ,report highlighting the status of women's rights in certain foreign countries and including the following3 7i7 ,countries in which the ,united ,states is actively promoting women's rights ,an identification of foreign countries in which the ,united ,states is actively promoting women's rights4 ,this section of the report shall include a description of actions taken by the ,united ,states to promote the internationally recognized human rights of women and oppose violations of such rights under title ,,iv and title ,v of this ,act during the period covered by the ,annual ,report4 ,any country designated as a country of particular concern for women's rights under section #djb7;b77#a7 shall be included in this section of the report4 7ii7 ,countries of significant improvement in women's rights ,an identification of foreign countries the governments of which have demonstrated significant improvement in the protection and promotion of the internationally recognized human rights of women during the period covered by the ,annual ,report4 ,this section of the report shall include a description of the nature of the improvement and an analysis of the factors contributing to such improvement1 including actions taken by the ,united ,states under this ,act4 7#b7 ,classified addendum ,if the ,secretary of ,state determines that it is in the national security interests of the ,united ,states or is necessary for the safety of individuals to be identified in the ,annual ,report or is necessary to further the purposes of this ,act1 any information required by paragraph 7#a71 including measures or actions taken by the ,united ,states1 may be summarized in the ,annual ,report or the ,executive ,summary and submitted in more detail in a classified addendum to the ,annual ,report or the ,executive ,summary4 7c7 ,preparation of reports regarding violations of women's rights 7#a7 ,standards and investigations ,the ,secretary of ,state shall ensure that ,united ,states missions abroad maintain a consistent reporting standard and thoroughly investigate reports of violations of the internationally recognized human rights of women4 7#b7 ,contacts with nongovernmental organizations ,in compiling data and assessing the respect of women's rights for the ,human ,rights ,reports1 the ,annual ,report1 and the ,executive ,summary1 ,united ,states mission personnel shall1 as appropriate1 seek out and maintain contacts with women's and human rights nongovernmental organizations1 with the consent of those organizations1 including receiving reports and updates from such organizations and1 when appropriate1 investigating such reports4 7d7 ,amendments to the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#a7 ,content of human rights reports for countries receiving economic assistance ,section #aaf7;d7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean7d77 is amended-- 7,a7 by striking and at the end of paragraph 7#aa72 7,b7 by striking the period at the end of paragraph 7#ab7 and inserting 2 and 2 and 7,c7 by adding at the end the following3 7#ac7 wherever applicable1 violations of women's rights1 including particularly severe violations of women's rights 7as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac74 4 7#b7 ,contents of human rights reports for countries receiving security assistance ,section #ejb;,b7b7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcjd7;b77 is amended-- 7,a7 in the first sentence1 by inserting and the ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights after ,religious ,freedom2 and 7,b7 in the fourth sentence by inserting after #aiih7 the following3 1 and information on violations of women's rights1 including particularly severe violations of women's rights 7as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac74 #ajc4 ,establishment of a women's rights ,internet site ,in order to facilitate access by nongovernmental organizations and by the public around the world to international documents on the protection of women's rights1 the ,secretary of ,state1 with the assistance of the ,ambassador at ,large1 shall establish and maintain an ,internet site containing major international documents relating to women's rights1 the ,annual ,report1 the ,executive ,summary1 and any other documentation or references to other sites as deemed appropriate or relevant by the ,ambassador at ,large4 #ajd4 ,training for foreign service officers ,section #gjh7;a7 of the ,foreign ,service ,act of #aihj 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #djbh7;a77 is amended by adding at the end the following flush sentence3 ,after ,january #a1 #bjad1 such training shall include instruction on the internationally recognized rights of women and the various aspects and manifestations of violations of women's rights4 4 #aje4 ,high-level contacts with nongovernmental organizations ,united ,states chiefs of mission shall seek out and contact any women's nongovernmental organizations to provide high-level meetings with such nongovernmental organizations where appropriate and beneficial4 ,united ,states chiefs of mission and ,foreign ,service officers abroad shall seek to meet with imprisoned women's rights advocates where appropriate and beneficial4 #ajf4 ,programs and allocations of funds by ,united ,states missions abroad ,it is the sense of the ,congress that-- 7#a7 ,united ,states diplomatic missions in countries the governments of which engage in or tolerate violations of the internationally recognized human rights of women should develop1 as part of annual program planning1 a strategy to promote respect for the internationally recognized human rights of women2 and 7#b7 in allocating or recommending the allocation of funds or recommending candidates for programs and grants funded by the ,united ,states ,government1 ,united ,states diplomatic missions should give particular consideration to those programs and candidates deemed to assist in the promotion of women's rights4 #ajg4 ,prisoner lists and issue briefs on women's rights concerns 7a7 ,sense of the congress ,to encourage involvement with women's rights concerns at every possible opportunity and by all appropriate representatives of the ,united ,states ,government1 it is the sense of the ,congress that officials of the executive branch of the ,united ,states ,government should promote increased advocacy on such issues during meetings between foreign dignitaries and executive branch officials or ,members of ,congress4 7b7 ,prisoner lists and issue briefs on women's rights concerns ,the ,secretary of ,state1 in consultation with the ,ambassador at ,large1 the ,under ,secretary of ,state for ,democracy and ,global ,affairs1 the ,assistant ,secretaries of ,state for ,democracy1 ,human ,rights1 and ,labor1 ,united ,states chiefs of mission abroad1 regional experts1 and nongovernmental human rights groups1 shall prepare and maintain issue briefs on women's rights1 on a country-by-country basis1 consisting of lists of persons believed to be imprisoned1 detained1 or placed under house arrest because of their gender1 together with brief evaluations and critiques of the policies of the respective country restricting women's rights4 ,in considering the inclusion of names of prisoners on such lists1 the ,secretary of ,state shall exercise appropriate discretion1 including concerns regarding the safety1 security1 and benefit to such prisoners4 7c7 ,availability of information ,the ,secretary shall1 as appropriate1 provide women's rights issue briefs under subsection 7b7 to executive branch officials and ,members of ,congress in anticipation of bilateral contacts with foreign leaders1 both in the ,united ,states and abroad4 ,,ii ,commission on ,international ,women's ,rights #bja4 ,establishment and composition 7a7 ,in general ,there is established the ,united ,states ,commission on ,international ,women's ,rights4 7b7 ,membership 7#a7 ,appointment ,the ,commission shall be composed of-- 7,a7 the ,ambassador at ,large1 who shall serve ex officio as a nonvoting member of the ,commission2 and 7,b7 nine other members1 who shall be ,united ,states citizens who are not being paid as officers or employees of the ,united ,states1 and who shall be appointed as follows3 7i7 ,three members of the ,commission shall be appointed by the ,president4 7ii7 ,three members of the ,commission shall be appointed by the ,president pro tempore of the ,senate1 of which two of the members shall be appointed upon the recommendation of the leader in the ,senate of the political party that is not the political party of the ,president1 and of which one of the members shall be appointed upon the recommendation of the leader in the ,senate of the other political party4 7iii7 ,three members of the ,commission shall be appointed by the ,speaker of the ,house of ,representatives1 of which two of the members shall be appointed upon the recommendation of the leader in the ,house of the political party that is not the political party of the ,president1 and of which one of the members shall be appointed upon the recommendation of the leader in the ,house of the other political party4 7#b7 ,selection 7,a7 ,in general ,members of the ,commission shall be selected from among distinguished individuals noted for their knowledge and experience in fields relevant to the issue of international women's rights1 including foreign affairs1 direct experience abroad1 human rights1 and international law4 7,b7 ,security clearances ,each member of the ,commission shall be required to obtain a security clearance4 7#c7 ,time of appointment ,the appointments required by paragraph 7#a7 shall be made not later than #abj days after the date of the enactment of this ,act4 7c7 ,terms ,the term of office of each member of the ,commission shall be #b years1 beginning on the date of the initial appointment of all of the members of the ,commission4 ,members of the ,commission shall be eligible for reappointment4 7d7 ,election of chairperson ,at the first meeting of the ,commission in each calendar year1 a majority of the members of the ,commission present and voting shall elect the ,chairperson of the ,commission4 7e7 ,quorum ,six voting members of the ,commission shall constitute a quorum for purposes of transacting business4 7f7 ,meetings ,each year1 within #ae days1 or as soon as practicable1 after the issuance of the ,country ,reports on ,human ,rights ,practices1 the ,commission shall convene4 ,the ,commission shall otherwise meet at the call of the ,chairperson or1 if no ,chairperson has been elected for that calendar year1 at the call of six voting members of the ,commission4 7g7 ,vacancies ,any vacancy of the ,commission shall not affect its powers1 but shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made4 7h7 ,administrative support ,the ,administrator of ,general ,services shall provide to the ,commission on a reimbursable basis 7or1 in the discretion of the ,administrator1 on a nonreimbursable basis7 such administrative support services as the ,commission may request to carry out the provisions of this title4 7i7 ,funding ,members of the ,commission shall be allowed travel expenses1 including per diem in lieu of subsistence1 at rates authorized for employees of agencies under subchapter ,i of chapter #eg of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code1 while away from their homes or regular places of business in the performance of services for the ,commission4 #bjb4 ,duties of the ,commission 7a7 ,in general ,the ,commission shall have as its primary responsibility-- 7#a7 the annual and ongoing review of the facts and circumstances of violations of women's rights presented in the ,country ,reports on ,human ,rights ,practices1 the ,annual ,report1 and the ,executive ,summary1 as well as information from other sources as appropriate2 and 7#b7 the making of policy recommendations to the ,president1 the ,secretary of ,state1 and the ,congress with respect to matters involving international women's rights4 7b7 ,policy review and recommendations in response to violations ,the ,commission1 in evaluating ,united ,states ,government policies in response to violations of women's rights1 shall consider and recommend options for policies of the ,united ,states ,government with respect to each foreign country the government of which has engaged in or tolerated violations of women's rights1 including particularly severe violations of women's rights4 ,such options include diplomatic inquiry1 diplomatic protest1 official public demarche1 condemnation within multilateral fora1 delay or cancellation of cultural or scientific exchanges1 delay or cancellation of working1 official1 or state visits1 reduction of certain assistance funds1 termination of certain assistance funds1 imposition of targeted trade sanctions1 imposition of broad trade sanctions1 and withdrawal of the chief of mission4 7c7 ,policy review and recommendations in response to progress ,the ,commission1 in evaluating the ,united ,states ,government policies with respect to countries found to be taking deliberate steps and making significant improvement with respect to women's rights1 shall consider and recommend policy options1 including private commendation1 diplomatic commendation1 official public commendation1 commendation within multilateral fora1 an increase in cultural or scientific exchanges1 or both1 termination or reduction of existing ,presidential actions1 an increase in certain assistance funds1 and invitations for working1 official1 or state visits4 7d7 ,effects on women ,together with specific policy recommendations provided under subsections 7b7 and 7c71 the ,commission shall also indicate its evaluation of the potential effects of those policies1 if implemented1 on women in the country in question4 7e7 ,monitoring ,the ,commission shall1 on an ongoing basis1 monitor facts and circumstances of violations of women's rights1 in consultation with independent human rights groups and nongovernmental organizations1 including churches and other religious communities1 and make such recommendations as may be necessary to the appropriate officials and offices of the ,united ,states ,government4 #bjc4 ,powers of the ,commission 7a7 ,hearings and sessions ,the ,commission may1 for the purpose of carrying out its duties under this title1 hold hearings1 sit and act at times and places in the ,united ,states1 take testimony1 and receive evidence as the ,commission considers advisable to carry out the purposes of this title4 7b7 ,information from federal agencies ,the ,commission may secure directly from any ,federal department or agency such information as the ,commission considers necessary to carry out the provisions of this section4 ,upon request of the ,chairperson of the ,commission1 the head of such department or agency shall furnish such information to the ,commission1 subject to applicable law4 7c7 ,postal services ,the ,commission may use the ,united ,states mails in the same manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the ,federal ,government4 7d7 ,administrative procedures ,the ,commission may adopt such regulations relating to administrative procedure as may be reasonably necessary to enable it to carry out this title4 7e7 ,views of the commission ,the ,members of the ,commission may speak in their capacity as private citizens4 ,statements on behalf of the ,commission shall be issued in writing over the names of the ,members4 ,the ,commission shall in its written statements clearly describe its statutory authority1 distinguishing that authority from that of appointed or elected officials of the ,united ,states ,government4 ,oral statements1 if practicable1 shall include a similar description4 7f7 ,travel ,the ,members of the ,commission may1 with the approval of the ,commission1 conduct such travel as is necessary to carry out the purposes of this title4 ,each trip must be approved by a majority of the ,commission4 ,this subsection shall not apply to the ,ambassador at ,large1 whose travel shall not require approval by the ,commission4 #bjd4 ,commission personnel matters 7a7 ,in general ,the ,commission may1 without regard to the civil service laws and regulations1 appoint and terminate an ,executive ,director and such other additional personnel as may be necessary to enable the ,commission to perform its duties4 ,the decision to employ or terminate an ,executive ,director shall be made by an affirmative vote of at least #f of the #i members of the ,commission4 7b7 ,compensation ,the ,commission may fix the compensation of the ,executive ,director and other personnel without regard to the provisions of chapter #ea and subchapter ,,iii of chapter #ec of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code1 relating to classification of positions and ,general ,schedule pay rates1 except that the rate of pay for the ,executive ,director and other personnel may not exceed the rate payable for level ,v of the ,executive ,schedule under section #ecaf of such title4 7c7 ,professional staff ,the ,commission and the ,executive ,director shall hire ,commission staff on the basis of professional and nonpartisan qualifications4 ,commissioners may not individually hire staff of the ,commission4 ,staff shall serve the ,commission as a whole and may not be assigned to the particular service of a single ,commissioner or a specified group of ,commissioners4 ,this subsection does not prohibit staff personnel from assisting individual members of the ,commission with particular needs related to their duties4 7d7 ,staff and services of other federal agencies 7#a7 ,department of state ,the ,secretary of ,state shall assist the ,commission by providing on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis to the ,commission such staff and administrative services as may be necessary and appropriate to perform its functions4 7#b7 ,other federal agencies ,upon the request of the ,commission1 the head of any ,federal department or agency may detail1 on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis1 any of the personnel of that department or agency to the ,commission to assist it in carrying out its functions under this title4 ,the detail of any such personnel shall be without interruption or loss of civil service or ,foreign ,service status or privilege4 7e7 ,security clearances ,the ,executive ,director shall be required to obtain a security clearance4 ,the ,executive ,director may request1 on a needs-only basis and in order to perform the duties of the ,commission1 that other personnel of the ,commission be required to obtain a security clearance4 ,the level of clearance shall be the lowest necessary to appropriately perform the duties of the ,commission4 7f7 ,cost ,the ,commission shall reimburse all appropriate ,government agencies for the cost of obtaining clearances for members of the ,commission1 for the ,executive ,director1 and for any other personnel4 #bje4 ,reports of the ,commission 7a7 ,in general ,not later than ,may #a of each year1 the ,commission shall submit a report to the ,president1 the ,secretary of ,state1 and the ,congress setting forth its recommendations for ,united ,states policy options based on its evaluations under section #bjb4 7b7 ,classified form of report ,the report may be submitted in classified form1 together with a public summary of recommendations1 if the classification of information in the report would further the purposes of this ,act4 7c7 ,individual or dissenting views ,each member of the ,commission may include the individual or dissenting views of the member4 7d7 ,financial report ,the ,commission shall1 not later than ,january #a of each year1 submit to the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs and the ,committee on ,appropriations of the ,house of ,representatives1 and to the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations and the ,committee on ,appropriations of the ,senate1 a report detailing and identifying the expenditures of the ,commission in the preceding fiscal year4 #bjf4 ,applicability of other laws ,the ,federal ,advisory ,committee ,act 7#e ,u4,s4,c4 ,app47 shall not apply to the ,commission4 #bjg4 ,standards of conduct and disclosure 7a7 ,cooperation with nongovernmental organizations1 the ,department of ,state1 and congress ,the ,commission shall1 in performing the ,commission's duties under this title1 seek to effectively and freely cooperate with all governmental and nongovernmental entities engaged in the promotion of women's rights abroad4 7b7 ,conflict of interest and antinepotism 7#a7 ,member affiliations ,except as provided in paragraph 7#c71 in order to ensure the independence and integrity of the ,commission1 the ,commission may not compensate any nongovernmental agency1 project1 or person related to or affiliated with any member of the ,commission1 whether in that member's direct employ or not4 ,staff employed by the ,commission may not serve in the employ of any nongovernmental agency1 project1 or person related to or affiliated with any member of the ,commission while employed by the ,commission4 7#b7 ,staff compensation ,staff of the ,commission may not receive compensation from any other source for work performed in carrying out the duties of the ,commission while employed by the ,commission4 7#c7 ,exception 7,a7 ,in general ,subject to subparagraph 7,b71 paragraph 7#a7 shall not apply to payments made for items such as conference fees or the purchase of periodicals or other similar expenses1 if such payments would not cause the aggregate value paid to any agency1 project1 or person for a fiscal year to exceed #bej4 7,b7 ,limitation ,notwithstanding subparagraph 7,a71 the ,commission shall not give special preference to any agency1 project1 or person related to or affiliated with any member of the ,commission4 7#d7 ,definitions ,in this subsection1 the term affiliated means the relationship between a member of the ,commission and-- 7,a7 an individual who holds the position of officer1 trustee1 partner1 director1 or employee of an agency1 project1 or person of which that member1 or relative of that member of1 the ,commission is an officer1 trustee1 partner1 director1 or employee2 or 7,b7 a nongovernmental agency or project of which that member1 or a relative of that member1 of the ,commission is an officer1 trustee1 partner1 director1 or employee4 7c7 ,contract authority 7#a7 ,in general ,subject to the availability of appropriations1 the ,commission may contract with and compensate ,government agencies or persons for the conduct of activities necessary to the discharge of its functions under this title4 ,any such person shall be hired without interruption or loss of civil service or ,foreign ,service status or privilege4 ,the ,commission may not procure temporary and intermittent services under section #caji7;b7 of title #e1 ,united ,states ,code1 or under other contracting authority other than that allowed under this title4 7#b7 ,expert study ,in the case of a study requested under section #fje of this ,act1 the ,commission may1 subject to the availability of appropriations1 contract with experts and shall provide the funds for such a study4 ,the ,commission shall not be required to provide the funds for that part of the study conducted by the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states4 7d7 ,gifts 7#a7 ,in general ,in order to preserve its independence1 the ,commission may not accept1 use1 or dispose of gifts or donations of services or property4 ,an individual ,commissioner or employee of the ,commission may not1 in his or her capacity as a ,commissioner or employee1 knowingly accept1 use1 or dispose of gifts or donations of services or property1 unless he or she in good faith believes such gifts or donations to have a value of less than #ej and a cumulative value during a calendar year of less than #ajj4 7#b7 ,exceptions ,this subsection shall not apply to the following3 7,a7 ,gifts provided on the basis of a personal friendship with a ,commissioner or employee1 unless the ,commissioner or employee has reason to believe that the gift was provided because of the ,commissioner's position and not because of the personal friendship4 7,b7 ,gifts provided on the basis of a family relationship4 7,c7 ,the acceptance of training1 invitations to attend or participate in conferences or such other events as are related to the conduct of the duties of the ,commission1 or food or refreshment associated with such activities4 7,d7 ,items of nominal value or gifts of estimated value of #aj or less4 7,e7 ,de minimis gifts provided by a foreign leader or state1 not exceeding a value of #bfj4 ,gifts believed by ,commissioners to be in excess of #bfj1 but which would create offense or embarrassment to the ,united ,states ,government if refused1 shall be accepted and turned over to the ,united ,states ,government in accordance with the ,foreign ,gifts and ,decorations ,act of #aiff and the rules and regulations governing such gifts provided to ,members of ,congress4 7,f7 ,informational materials such as documents1 books1 videotapes1 periodicals1 or other forms of communications4 7,g7 ,goods or services provided by any agency or component of the ,government of the ,united ,states1 including any commission established under the authority of the ,government4 #bjh4 ,authorization of appropriations 7a7 ,in general ,there are authorized to be appropriated to the ,commission such sums as may be necessary to carry out this title4 7b7 ,availability of funds ,amounts authorized to be appropriated under subsection 7a7 are authorized to remain available until expended1 but not later than the date on which the ,commission terminates4 #bji4 ,termination ,the ,commission shall terminate #ab years after the date of the initial appointment of all of the members of the ,commission4 ,,iii ,national ,security ,council #cja4 ,special ,adviser on ,international ,women's ,rights ,section #aja of the ,national ,security ,act of #aidg 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 #cjba7 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection3 7m7 ,it is the sense of the ,congress that there should be within the staff of the ,national ,security ,council a ,special ,adviser to the ,president on ,international ,women's ,rights1 whose position should be comparable to that of a director within the ,executive ,office of the ,president4 ,the ,special ,adviser should serve as a resource for executive branch officials1 compiling and maintaining information on the facts and circumstances of violations of women's rights 7as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac71 and making policy recommendations4 ,the ,special ,adviser should serve as liaison with the ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights1 the ,united ,states ,commission on ,international ,women's ,rights1 the ,congress1 and1 as advisable1 women's nongovernmental organizations4 4 ,,iv ,presidential ,actions ,a ,targeted ,responses to ,violations of ,women's ,rights ,abroad #dja4 ,presidential actions in response to violations of women's rights 7a7 ,response to violations of women's rights 7#a7 ,in general 7,a7 ,united states policy ,it shall be the policy of the ,united ,states-- 7i7 to oppose violations of women's rights that are or have been engaged in or tolerated by the governments of foreign countries2 and 7ii7 to promote women's rights in those countries through the actions described in subsection 7b74 7,b7 ,requirement of ,presidential action ,for each foreign country the government of which engages in or tolerates violations of women's rights1 the ,president shall oppose such violations and promote the human rights of women in that country through the actions described in subsection 7b74 7#b7 ,basis of actions ,each action taken under paragraph 7#a77;,b7 shall be based upon information regarding violations of women's rights1 as described in the latest ,country ,reports on ,human ,rights ,practices1 the ,annual ,report and ,executive ,summary1 and on any other evidence available1 and shall take into account any findings or recommendations by the ,commission with respect to the foreign country4 7b7 ,presidential actions 7#a7 ,in general ,subject to paragraphs 7#b7 and 7#c71 the ,president1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 the ,ambassador at ,large1 the ,special ,adviser1 and the ,commission1 shall1 as expeditiously as practicable in response to the violations described in subsection 7a7 by the government of a foreign country-- 7,a7 take one or more of the actions described in paragraphs 7#a7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7 with respect to that country2 or 7,b7 negotiate and enter into a binding agreement with the government of that country1 as described in section #dje7;c74 7#b7 ,deadline for actions ,not later than ,september #a of each year1 the ,president shall take action under any of paragraphs 7#a7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7 with respect to each foreign country the government of which has engaged in or tolerated violations of women's rights at any time since ,september #a of the preceding year1 except that in the case of action under any of paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7-- 7,a7 the action may only be taken after the requirements of sections #djc and #djd have been satisfied2 and 7,b7 the ,september #a limitation shall not apply4 7#c7 ,authority for delay of ,presidential actions ,the ,president may delay action that is described in any of paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7-- 7,a7 if the ,president determines and certifies to the ,congress that a single1 additional period of time1 not to exceed #ij days1 is necessary for any of the purposes set forth in section #djb7;c77#c72 and 7,b7 only until the expiration of that additional period4 7c7 ,implementation 7#a7 ,in general ,in carrying out subsection 7b71 the ,president shall-- 7,a7 take the action or actions that most appropriately respond to the nature and severity of the violations of women's rights2 7,b7 seek to the fullest extent possible to target action as narrowly as practicable with respect to the agency or instrumentality of the foreign government1 or specific officials thereof1 that are responsible for such violations2 and 7,c7 when appropriate1 make every reasonable effort to conclude a binding agreement concerning the cessation of such violations in countries with which the ,united ,states has diplomatic relations4 7#b7 ,guidelines for ,presidential actions ,in addition to the guidelines under paragraph 7#a71 the ,president1 in determining whether to take a ,presidential action under paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor71 shall seek to minimize any adverse effects on-- 7,a7 the population of the country whose government is targeted by the ,presidential action or actions2 and 7,b7 the humanitarian activities of ,united ,states and foreign nongovernmental organizations in that country4 #djb4 ,presidential actions in response to particularly severe violations of women's rights 7a7 ,response to particularly severe violations of women's rights 7#a7 ,united states policy ,it shall be the policy of the ,united ,states-- 7,a7 to oppose particularly severe violations of women's rights that are or have been engaged in or tolerated by the governments of foreign countries2 and 7,b7 to promote the rights of women in those countries through the actions described in subsection 7c74 7#b7 ,requirement of ,presidential action ,whenever the ,president determines that the government of a foreign country has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of women's rights1 the ,president shall oppose such violations and promote women's rights through one or more of the actions described in subsection 7c74 7b7 ,designations of countries of particular concern for women's rights 7#a7 ,annual review 7,a7 ,in general ,not later than ,september #a of each year1 the ,president shall review the status of women's rights in each foreign country to determine whether the government of that country has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of women's rights in that country during the preceding #ab months or since the date of the last review of that country under this subparagraph1 whichever period is longer4 ,the ,president shall designate each country the government of which has engaged in or tolerated violations described in this subparagraph as a country of particular concern for women's rights4 7,b7 ,basis of review ,each review conducted under subparagraph 7,a7 shall be based upon information contained in the latest ,country ,reports on ,human ,rights ,practices1 the ,annual ,report1 and on any other evidence available1 and shall take into account any findings or recommendations of the ,commission with respect to the foreign country4 7,c7 ,implementation ,any review under subparagraph 7,a7 of a foreign country may take place singly or jointly with the review of one or more countries and may take place at any time before ,september #a of the respective year4 7#b7 ,determinations of responsible parties ,for the government of each country designated as a country of particular concern for women's rights under paragraph 7#a77;,a71 the ,president shall seek to determine the agency or instrumentality and specific officials of the government that are responsible for the particularly severe violations of women's rights engaged in or tolerated by that government in order to appropriately target ,presidential actions under this section in response to the violations4 7#c7 ,congressional notification ,whenever the ,president designates a country as a country of particular concern for women's rights under paragraph 7#a77;,a71 the ,president shall1 as soon as practicable after the designation is made1 transmit to the appropriate congressional committees-- 7,a7 the designation of the country1 signed by the ,president2 and 7,b7 the identification1 if any1 of responsible parties determined under paragraph 7#b74 7c7 ,presidential actions with respect to countries of particular concern for women's rights 7#a7 ,in general ,subject to paragraphs 7#b71 7#c71 7#d71 and 7#e71 with respect to each country of particular concern for women's rights designated under subsection 7b77#a77;,a71 the ,president shall1 after the requirements of sections #djc and #djd have been satisfied1 but not later than #ij days after the date of designation of the country under that subsection1 carry out one or more of the following actions under subparagraph 7,a7 or subparagraph 7,b73 7,a7 ,presidential actions ,one or more of the ,presidential actions described in paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a71 as determined by the ,president4 7,b7 ,commensurate actions ,commensurate action in substitution for any action described in subparagraph 7,a74 7#b7 ,substitution of binding agreements 7,a7 ,in general ,in lieu of carrying out action under paragraph 7#a71 the ,president may conclude a binding agreement with the respective foreign government as described in section #dje7;c74 ,the existence of a binding agreement under this paragraph with a foreign government may be considered by the ,president before making any determination or taking any action under this title4 7,b7 ,statutory construction ,nothing in this paragraph may be construed to authorize the entry of the ,united ,states into an agreement covering matters outside the scope of violations of women's rights4 7#c7 ,authority for delay of ,presidential actions ,if1 on or before the date that the ,president is required 7but for this paragraph7 to take action under paragraph 7#a71 the ,president determines and certifies to the ,congress that a single1 additional period of time not to exceed #ij days is necessary-- 7,a7 for a continuation of negotiations that have been commenced with the government of that country to bring about a cessation of the violations by the foreign country1 7,b7 for a continuation of multilateral negotiations into which the ,united ,states has entered to bring about a cessation of the violations by the foreign country1 or 7,c7 7i7 for a review of corrective action taken by the foreign country after designation of that country as a country of particular concern1 or 7ii7 in anticipation that corrective action will be taken by the foreign country during that additional period of time1 then the ,president shall not be required to take action until the expiration of that additional period of time4 7#d7 ,exception for ongoing ,presidential action under this ,act ,the ,president shall not be required to take action under this subsection in the case of a country of particular concern for women's rights1 if1 with respect to that country-- 7,a7 the ,president has taken action pursuant to this ,act in a preceding year2 7,b7 such action is in effect at the time the country is designated as a country of particular concern for women's rights under this section2 and 7,c7 the ,president reports to the ,congress the information described in paragraphs 7#a71 7#b71 7#c71 and 7#d7 of section #djd7;a7 regarding the actions in effect with respect to that country4 7#e7 ,exception for ongoing multiple broad-based sanctions in response to human rights violations ,if1 at the time the ,president determines a country to be a country of particular concern for women's rights1 that country is already subject to multiple1 broad-based sanctions imposed in significant part in response to human rights abuses1 and such sanctions are ongoing1 the ,president may determine that one or more of these sanctions also satisfies the requirements of this subsection4 ,in the report to the ,congress under section #djd7;a71 and1 as applicable1 in the information published under section #djh1 the ,president shall designate the specific sanction or sanctions which the ,president determines satisfy the requirements of this subsection4 ,the sanctions so designated shall remain in effect as provided in section #dji4 7d7 ,statutory construction ,a determination under this ,act1 or any amendment made by this ,act1 that a foreign country has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of women's rights shall not be construed to require the termination of assistance or other activities with respect to that country under any other provision of law1 including section #aaf or #ejb;,b of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean1 #bcjd74 #djc4 ,consultations 7a7 ,in general ,as soon as practicable after the ,president decides under section #dja to take an action under any of paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7 with respect to a country in response to violations of women's rights1 or not later than #ij days after the ,president designates a country as a country of particular concern for women's rights under section #djb1 as the case may be1 the ,president shall carry out the consultations required in this section4 7b7 ,duty ,to consult with foreign governments before taking ,presidential actions 7#a7 ,in general ,the ,president shall-- 7,a7 request consultation with the government of the country concerned regarding the violations giving rise to the designation of that country as a country of particular concern for women's rights1 or to ,presidential action under section #dja1 as the case may be2 and 7,b7 if agreed to1 enter into such consultations1 privately or publicly4 7#b7 ,use of multilateral fora ,if the ,president determines it to be appropriate1 consultations under paragraph 7#a7 may be sought and may occur in a multilateral forum1 but1 in any event1 the ,president shall consult with appropriate foreign governments for the purposes of achieving a coordinated international policy on actions that may be taken with respect to a country described in subsection 7a71 before implementing any such action4 7#c7 ,election of nondisclosure of negotiations to public ,if negotiations are undertaken or an agreement is concluded with a foreign government regarding steps to cease the pattern of violations by that government1 and if public disclosure of such negotiations or agreement would jeopardize the negotiations or the implementation of such agreement1 as the case may be1 the ,president may refrain from disclosing such negotiations and such agreement to the public1 except that the ,president shall inform the appropriate congressional committees of the nature and extent of such negotiations and any agreement reached4 7c7 ,duty ,to consult with humanitarian organizations ,the ,president should consult with appropriate humanitarian and human rights organizations concerning the potential impact of ,united ,states policies to promote women's rights in countries described in subsection 7a74 7d7 ,duty ,to consult with ,united ,states interested parties ,the ,president shall1 as appropriate1 consult with interested parties in the ,united ,states1 including the ,commission on ,international ,women's ,rights1 with respect to the potential impact of intended ,presidential action or actions in countries described in subsection 7a7 on economic or other interests of the ,united ,states4 #djd4 ,report to ,congress 7a7 ,in general ,subject to subsection 7b71 not later than #ij days after the ,president decides under section #dja to take action under paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7 with respect to a country1 in response to violations of women's rights by that country1 or not later than #ij days after the ,president designates a country as a country of particular concern for women's rights under section #djb1 as the case may be1 the ,president shall submit a report to the ,congress containing the following3 7#a7 ,identification of ,presidential actions ,an identification of the action or actions described in paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7 to be taken with respect to the foreign country4 7#b7 ,description of violations ,a description of the violations giving rise to the action or actions to be taken4 7#c7 ,purpose of ,presidential actions ,a description of the purpose of the action or actions4 7#d7 ,evaluation 7,a7 ,description ,an evaluation1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 the ,ambassador at ,large1 the ,commission1 the ,special ,adviser1 the parties described in subsections 7c7 and 7d7 of section #djc1 and whomever else the ,president deems appropriate1 of the effects of the action or actions on-- 7i7 the government of the foreign country2 7ii7 the population of the country2 and 7iii7 the ,united ,states economy and other interested parties4 7,b7 ,authority to withhold disclosure ,the ,president may withhold part or all of such evaluation from the public but shall provide the evaluation to the ,congress in its entirety4 7#e7 ,statement of policy options ,a statement that noneconomic policy options designed to bring about cessation of the violations of women's rights have reasonably been exhausted1 including the consultations required in section #djc4 7#f7 ,description of multilateral negotiations ,a description of multilateral negotiations sought or carried out1 if appropriate and applicable4 7b7 ,delay in transmittal of report ,if1 on or before the date that the ,president is required 7but for this subsection7 to submit a report under subsection 7a7 to the ,congress1 the ,president determines and certifies to the ,congress1 under section #dja7;b77#c7 or #djb7;c77#c71 that a single1 additional period of time not to exceed #ij days is necessary1 then the ,president shall not be required to submit the report to the ,congress until the expiration of that additional period of time4 #dje4 ,description of ,presidential actions 7a7 ,description of ,presidential actions ,except as provided in subsection 7d71 the ,presidential actions referred to in this subsection are the following3 7#a7 ,a private demarche4 7#b7 ,an official public demarche4 7#c7 ,a public condemnation4 7#d7 ,a public condemnation within one or more multilateral fora4 7#e7 ,the delay or cancellation of one or more scientific exchanges4 7#f7 ,the delay or cancellation of one or more cultural exchanges4 7#g7 ,the denial of one or more working1 official1 or state visits4 7#h7 ,the delay or cancellation of one or more working1 official1 or state visits4 7#i7 ,the withdrawal1 limitation1 or suspension of ,united ,states development assistance in accordance with section #aaf of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa4 7#aj7 ,directing the ,export-,import ,bank of the ,united ,states1 the ,overseas ,private ,investment ,corporation1 or the ,trade and ,development ,agency not to approve the issuance of any 7or a specified number of7 guarantees1 insurance1 extensions of credit1 or participations in the extension of credit with respect to the specific government1 agency1 instrumentality1 or official found or determined by the ,president to be responsible for the violations under section #dja or #djb4 7#aa7 ,the withdrawal1 limitation1 or suspension of ,united ,states security assistance in accordance with section #ejb;,b of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa4 7#ab7 ,consistent with section #gja of the ,international ,financial ,institutions ,act1 directing the ,united ,states executive directors of international financial institutions to oppose and vote against loans primarily benefitting the specific foreign government1 agency1 instrumentality1 or official found or determined by the ,president to be responsible for the violations under section #dja or #djb4 7#ac7 ,ordering the heads of the appropriate ,united ,states agencies not to issue any 7or a specified number of7 specific licenses1 and not to grant any other specific authority 7or a specified number of authorities71 to export any goods or technology to the specific foreign government1 agency1 instrumentality1 or official found or determined by the ,president to be responsible for the violations under section #dja or #djb1 under-- 7,a7 the ,export ,administration ,act of #aigi 7as continued in effect under the ,international ,emergency ,economic ,powers ,act72 7,b7 the ,arms ,export ,control ,act2 7,c7 the ,atomic ,energy ,act of #aied2 or 7,d7 any other statute that requires the prior review and approval of the ,united ,states ,government as a condition for the export or reexport of goods or services4 7#ad7 ,prohibiting any ,united ,states financial institution from making loans or providing credits totaling more than #aj1jjj1jjj in any #ab-month period to the specific foreign government1 agency1 instrumentality1 or official found or determined by the ,president to be responsible for the violations under section #dja or #djb4 7#ae7 ,prohibiting the ,united ,states ,government from procuring1 or entering into any contract for the procurement of1 any goods or services from the foreign government1 agency1 instrumentality1 or official found or determined by the ,president to be responsible for the violations under section #dja or #djb4 7b7 ,commensurate action ,except as provided in subsection 7d71 the ,president may substitute any other action authorized by law for any action described in paragraphs 7#a7 through 7#ae7 of subsection 7a7 if such action is commensurate in effect to the action substituted and if the action would further the policy of the ,united ,states set forth in section #b7;b7 of this ,act4 ,the ,president shall seek to take all appropriate and feasible actions authorized by law to obtain the cessation of the violations4 ,if commensurate action is taken1 the ,president shall report such action1 together with an explanation for taking such action1 to the appropriate congressional committees4 7c7 ,binding agreements ,the ,president may negotiate and enter into a binding agreement with a foreign government against which sanctions would otherwise be imposed that obligates that government to cease1 or take substantial steps to address and phase out1 the act1 policy1 or practice constituting the violation or violations of women's rights4 ,the entry into force of a binding agreement for the cessation of the violations shall be a primary objective for the ,president in responding to a foreign government that has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of women's rights4 7d7 ,exceptions ,any action taken pursuant to subsection 7a7 or 7b7 may not prohibit or restrict the provision of medicine1 medical equipment or supplies1 food1 or other humanitarian assistance4 #djf4 ,effects on existing contracts ,the ,president shall not be required to apply or maintain any ,presidential action under this subtitle-- 7#a7 in the case of procurement of defense articles or defense services-- 7,a7 under existing contracts or subcontracts1 including the exercise of options for production quantities1 to satisfy requirements essential to the national security of the ,united ,states2 7,b7 if the ,president determines in writing and so reports to the ,congress that the person or other entity to which the ,presidential action would otherwise be applied is a sole source supplier of the defense articles or services1 that the defense articles or services are essential1 and that alternative sources are not readily or reasonably available2 or 7,c7 if the ,president determines in writing and so reports to the ,congress that such articles or services are essential to the national security under defense coproduction agreements2 or 7#b7 to products or services provided under contracts entered into before the date on which the ,president publishes his intention to take the ,presidential action4 #djg4 ,presidential waiver 7a7 ,in general ,subject to subsection 7b71 the ,president may waive the application of any of the actions described in paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7 with respect to a country1 if the ,president determines and so reports to the appropriate congressional committees that-- 7#a7 the government of that country has ceased the violations giving rise to the ,presidential action2 7#b7 the exercise of such waiver authority would further the purposes of this ,act2 or 7#c7 the important national interest of the ,united ,states requires the exercise of such waiver authority4 7b7 ,congressional notification ,not later than the date of the exercise of a waiver under subsection 7a71 the ,president shall notify the appropriate congressional committees of the waiver or the intention to exercise the waiver1 together with a detailed justification therefor4 #djh4 ,publication in ,federal ,register 7a7 ,in general ,subject to subsection 7b71 the ,president shall cause to be published in the ,federal ,register the following3 7#a7 ,determinations of governments1 officials1 and entities of particular concern ,any designation of a country of particular concern for women's rights under section #djb7;b77#a71 together with1 when applicable and to the extent practicable1 the identities of the officials or entities determined to be responsible for the violations under section #djb7;b77#b74 7#b7 ,presidential actions ,a description of any ,presidential action under paragraphs 7#i7 through 7#ae7 of section #dje7;a7 7or commensurate action in substitution therefor7 and the effective date of the ,presidential action4 7#c7 ,delays in transmittal of ,presidential action reports ,any delay in transmittal of a ,presidential action report1 as described in section #djd7;b74 7#d7 ,waivers ,any waiver under section #djg4 7b7 ,limited disclosure of information ,the ,president may limit publication of information under this section in the same manner and to the same extent as the ,president may limit the publication of findings and determinations described in section #fed7;c7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bdad7;c771 if the ,president determines that the publication of information under this section-- 7#a7 would be harmful to the national security of the ,united ,states2 or 7#b7 would not further the purposes of this ,act4 #dji4 ,termination of ,presidential actions ,any ,presidential action taken under this ,act with respect to a foreign country shall terminate on the earlier of the following dates3 7#a7 ,termination date ,the date that is #b years after the effective date of the ,presidential action1 unless expressly reauthorized by law4 7#b7 ,foreign government actions ,the date on which the ,president determines1 in consultation with the ,commission1 and certifies to the ,congress that the government of the foreign country has ceased or taken substantial and verifiable steps to cease the particularly severe violations of women's rights4 #daj4 ,preclusion of judicial review ,no court shall have jurisdiction to review any ,presidential determination or agency action under this ,act or any amendment made by this ,act4 ,b ,strengthening ,existing ,law #dba4 ,united ,states assistance 7a7 ,implementation of prohibition on economic assistance ,section #aaf7;c7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean7c77 is amended-- 7#a7 in the matter preceding paragraph 7#a71 by inserting and the ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights after ,religious ,freedom2 7#b7 by striking and at the end of paragraph 7#b72 7#c7 by striking the period at the end of paragraph 7#c7 and inserting 2 and2 and 7#d7 by adding at the end the following new paragraph3 7#d7 whether the government-- 7,a7 has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of women's rights1 as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac2 or 7,b7 has failed to undertake serious and sustained efforts to combat particularly severe violations of women's rights 7as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac71 when such efforts could have been reasonably undertaken4 4 7b7 ,implementation of prohibition on military assistance ,section #ejb;,b7a77#d7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcjd7;a77#d77 is amended-- 7#a7 by striking 7,a7 and inserting 7,a77i72 7#b7 by striking 7,b7 and inserting 7ii72 7#c7 by striking the period at the end and inserting 2 or2 and 7#d7 by adding at the end the following3 7,b7 7i7 has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of women's rights1 as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac2 or 7ii7 has failed to undertake serious and sustained efforts to combat particularly severe violations of women's rights when such efforts could have been reasonably undertaken4 4 #dbb4 ,multilateral assistance ,section #gja of the ,international ,financial ,institutions ,act 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bfb;d7 is amended-- 7#a7 by redesignating the second subsection 7g7 as subsection 7h72 and 7#b7 by adding at the end the following new subsection3 7i7 ,in determining whether the government of a country engages in a pattern of gross violations of internationally recognized human rights1 as described in subsection 7a71 the ,president shall give particular consideration to whether a foreign government-- 7#a7 has engaged in or tolerated particularly severe violations of women's rights1 as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac2 or 7#b7 has failed to undertake serious and sustained efforts to combat particularly severe violations of women's rights when such efforts could have been reasonably undertaken4 4 #dbc4 ,exports of certain items used in particularly severe violations of women's rights 7a7 ,mandatory licensing ,notwithstanding any other provision of law1 the ,secretary of ,commerce1 with the concurrence of the ,secretary of ,state1 shall include on the list of crime control and detection instruments or equipment controlled for export and reexport under section #f7n7 of the ,export ,administration ,act of #aigi 7#ej ,u4,s4,c4 ,app4 #bdje7n77 7as continued in effect under the ,international ,emergency ,economic ,powers ,act71 or under any other provision of law1 items being exported or reexported to countries of particular concern for women's rights that the ,secretary of ,commerce1 with the concurrence of the ,secretary of ,state1 and in consultation with appropriate officials including the ,under ,secretary of ,state for ,democracy and ,global ,affairs1 the ,assistant ,secretary of ,state for ,democracy1 ,human ,rights1 and ,labor1 and the ,ambassador at ,large1 determines are being used or are intended for use directly and in significant measure to carry out particularly severe violations of women's rights4 7b7 ,licensing ban ,the prohibition on the issuance of a license for export of crime control and detection instruments or equipment under section #ejb;,b7a77#b7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bcjd7;a77#b77 shall apply to the export and reexport of any item included under subsection 7a7 on the list of crime control instruments4 ,v ,promotion of women's rights #eja4 ,assistance for promoting women's rights 7a7 ,findings ,congress makes the following findings3 7#a7 ,in many countries where severe violations of women's rights occur1 there is insufficient statutory legal protection for women1 a lack of enforcement of the law1 or insufficient cultural and social understanding of international norms of women's rights4 7#b7 ,accordingly1 in the provision of foreign assistance1 the ,united ,states should make a priority of promoting and developing legal protections and enforcement1 as well as cultural respect for women's rights4 7b7 ,allocation of funds for increased promotion of women's rights ,section #aaf7;e7 of the ,foreign ,assistance ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #baean7e77 is amended by inserting and the rights of women after free religious belief and practice4 #ejb4 ,international broadcasting ,section #cjc7;a77#h7 of the ,united ,states ,international ,broadcasting ,act of #aiid 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #fbjb7;a77#h77 is amended by inserting and women's rights after religion4 #ejc4 ,international exchanges ,section #ajb7;b7 of the ,mutual ,educational and ,cultural ,exchange ,act of #aifa 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #bdeb7;b77 is amended-- 7#a7 by striking and after paragraph 7#aa72 7#b7 by striking the period at the end of paragraph 7#ab7 and inserting 2 and2 and 7#c7 by adding at the end the following3 7#ac7 promoting respect for and guarantees of women's rights abroad by interchanges and visits between the ,united ,states and other nations of leaders1 scholars1 and legal experts in the field of women's rights4 4 #ejd4 ,foreign service awards 7a7 ,performance pay ,section #dje7;d7 of the ,foreign ,service ,act of #aihj 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #cife7;d77 is amended in the second sentence by inserting and women's rights after freedom of religion4 7b7 ,foreign service awards ,section #fad of the ,foreign ,service ,act of #aihj 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #djac7 is amended in the last sentence by inserting and women's rights1 after freedom of religion4 ,,vi ,refugee1 asylum1 and consular matters #fja4 ,use of ,annual ,report ,the ,annual ,report1 together with other relevant documentation1 shall serve as a resource for immigration judges and consular1 refugee1 and asylum officers in cases involving claims of mistreatment on the grounds of gender4 ,absence of reference by the ,annual ,report to conditions described by the alien shall not constitute the sole grounds for a denial of the alien's claim4 #fjb4 ,refugee training 7a7 ,training for foreign service officers ,section #gjh7;b7 of the ,foreign ,service ,act of #aihj 7#bb ,u4,s4,c4 #djbh7;b77 is amended by striking and on religious persecution and inserting 1 on religious persecution1 and on gender-based discrimination4 7b7 ,consultation with ,congress concerning admissions of refugees 7#a7 ,in general ,section #bjg of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aaeg7 is amended-- 7,a7 in subsection 7d77#a71 in the first sentence1 by inserting 1 information relating to gender-based discrimination against such refugees in their countries of nationality or last habitual residence1 after resettlement during the fiscal year2 7,b7 in subsection 7e7-- 7i7 in the matter preceding paragraph 7#a71 by inserting the ,secretary of ,state and before designated2 7ii7 by redesignating paragraph 7#g7 as paragraph 7#h72 and 7iii7 by inserting after paragraph 7#f7 the following new paragraph3 7#g7 ,a description of any gender-based discrimination experienced by such refugees in their countries of nationality or last habitual residence4 4 7#b7 ,effective date ,the amendments made by paragraph 7#a7 shall take effect beginning with the first fiscal year that begins after the date of the enactment of this ,act4 7c7 ,guidelines and training for officials adjudicating refugee cases 7#a7 ,in general ,such section is further amended-- 7,a7 in subsection 7f71 by adding at the end the following new paragraph3 7#c7 ,the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 shall develop and implement training guidelines related to nondiscrimination in the adjudication of such cases as a result of the gender1 race1 religion1 nationality1 membership in a particular social group1 or political opinion of the alien applying to be admitted as a refugee under this section4 ,such training guidelines shall be culturally sensitive and shall provide the officials subject to such training with the tools to provide a nonbiased and nonadversarial atmosphere for the purpose of adjudicating such cases4 2 and 7,b7 by adding at the end the following new subsection3 7g7 7#a7 ,the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 shall promulgate regulations to ensure-- 7,a7 uniform procedures for the establishment of agreements between the ,united ,states ,government and designated entities and personnel responsible for the preparation of refugee case files for use in refugee adjudications2 and 7,b7 uniform procedures regarding the preparation of such files by such entities and personnel4 7#b7 ,such regulations shall ensure that-- 7,a7 such files accurately reflect the information provided by the alien seeking admission as a refugee under this section2 and 7,b7 such aliens are not disadvantaged or denied such admission as a result of faulty case file preparation4 4 7#b7 ,effective date ,the amendments made by paragraph 7#a7 shall take effect and apply with respect to aliens seeking admission as refugees under section #bjg of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aaeg7 beginning with the first fiscal year that begins after the date of the enactment of this ,act4 #fjc4 ,reform of asylum policy 7a7 ,language translation services 7#a7 ,in general ,section #bjh7;d7 of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aaeh7;d77 is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph3 7#h7 ,language translation services 7,a7 ,in general ,the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 shall promulgate regulations that provide that the ,united ,states does not use the language translation services of an individual who demonstrates a bias or potential bias on the grounds of gender1 race1 religion1 nationality1 membership in a particular social group1 or political opinion in connection with the giving of testimony by an alien before the trier of fact under subsection 7b77#a77;,b7 or an asylum officer under section #bce7;b77#a77;,b74 7,b7 ,prohibition on assistance by certain individuals ,the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 shall promulgate regulations to provide that the ,united ,states does not use the language translation services of an individual who is an interpreter for or other employee of an airline owned by a country the government of which the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 has determined has engaged in persecution on the grounds of gender1 race1 religion1 nationality1 membership in a particular social group1 or political opinion in connection with the giving of testimony by an alien before the trier of fact under subsection 7b77#a77;,b7 or an asylum officer under section #bce7;b77#a77;,b74 4 7#b7 ,effective date ,the amendment made by paragraph 7#a7 shall apply to the use of language translation services after the date of the enactment of this ,act4 7b7 ,training for officials ,section #bjh of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aaeh7 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection3 7f7 ,training for officials ,in addition to the training that is provided to officers adjudicating asylum cases under this section and asylum officers under section #bce7;b77#a77;,e71 the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security1 in consultation with the ,secretary of ,state1 the ,ambassador at ,large for ,international ,women's ,rights of the ,department of ,state1 the ,director of the ,george ,p4 ,shultz ,national ,foreign ,affairs ,training ,center 7commonly referred to as the ,foreign ,service ,institute71 and other appropriate officials1 shall provide to such officers training relating to the nature of gender-based discrimination in foreign countries 7including country-specific conditions71 instruction concerning internationally recognized women's rights1 and information regarding state sponsored and non-state sponsored applicable distinctions in a foreign country between the treatment of men and women4 4 7c7 ,training for immigration judges conducting proceedings for deciding the inadmissibility or deportability of an alien ,section #bdj of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #abbi;a7 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection3 7f7 ,training for immigration judges conducting proceedings for deciding the inadmissibility or deportability of an alien ,the ,attorney ,general shall provide to immigration judges training related to the nature of gender-based discrimination in foreign countries 7including country-specific conditions71 instruction concerning internationally recognized women's rights1 and information regarding state sponsored and non-state sponsored distinctions in a foreign country between the treatment of men and women4 4 #fjd4 ,inadmissibility of foreign government officials who have engaged in particularly severe violations of women's rights 7a7 ,ineligibility for visas and admission to the ,united ,states ,section #bab7;a77#b7 of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #aahb7;a77#b77 is amended by adding at the end the following new subparagraph3 7,j7 ,foreign government officials who have engaged in particularly severe violations of women's rights ,any alien who1 while serving as a foreign government official1 was responsible for or directly carried out1 at any time during the preceding #bd-month period1 particularly severe violations of women's rights1 as defined in section #c of the ,international ,women's ,freedom ,act of #bjac1 and the spouse1 son1 or daughter1 if any1 of such official1 is inadmissible4 4 7b7 ,effective date ,the amendment made by subsection 7a7 shall apply to determinations of admissibility made on or after the date of the enactment of this ,act4 #fje4 ,study on the effect of expedited removal provisions on asylum claims 7a7 ,study 7#a7 ,comptroller ,general ,the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall conduct a study alone or1 upon request by the ,commission under paragraph 7#b71 in cooperation with experts invited by the ,commission1 to determine whether immigration officers 7including asylum officers 7as defined in section #bce7;b77#a77;,e7 of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #abbe7;b77#a77;,e7777 performing duties under section #bce7;b7 of such ,act with respect to aliens who may be eligible for asylum are engaging in any of the following conduct3 7,a7 ,failing to inform an alien of the right to seek protection in the ,united ,states if 7s7he has any reason to fear persecution in his or her home country4 7,b7 ,encouraging aliens expressing a fear of gender-based persecution to withdraw their applications for admission4 7,c7 ,determining aliens are ineligible for asylum before referring such aliens for an interview by an asylum officer for a determination of whether they have a credible fear of persecution 7within the meaning of section #bce7;b77#a77;,b77v7 of such ,act74 7,d7 ,incorrectly failing to keep complete records of a decision to enforce expedited removal and an alien's reasons for the withdrawal of an asylum application4 7,e7 ,improperly using detention as a deterrent to an alien's pursuing an asylum claim4 7,f7 ,improperly detaining asylum seekers who establish a credible fear1 identity1 community ties1 and who do not pose a security risk4 7,g7 ,improperly detaining asylum seekers in jail-like facilities where staff is not given specific training on the special needs of asylum seekers4 7#b7 ,commission request for participation by experts on refugee and asylum issues ,the ,commission may invite experts who are recognized for their expertise and knowledge of refugee and asylum issues to cooperate with the ,comptroller ,general in carrying out paragraph 7#a74 7b7 ,reports 7#a7 ,comptroller ,general ,not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this ,act1 the ,comptroller ,general of the ,united ,states shall submit to the ,committee on the ,judiciary of the ,house of ,representatives1 the ,committee on the ,judiciary of the ,senate1 the ,committee on ,foreign ,affairs of the ,house of ,representatives1 and the ,committee on ,foreign ,relations of the ,senate a report containing the findings of the study conducted under subsection 7a74 ,if the experts referred to in such subsection were involved in conducting such study1 the ,comptroller ,general shall allow such experts to include in the report a section setting forth their views and conclusions4 7#b7 ,experts ,in the case of a ,commission request under subsection 7a77#b71 the experts invited by the ,commission under such subsection may submit a report to the committees described in paragraph 7#a74 ,such report may be submitted with the ,comptroller ,general's report under paragraph 7#a7 or independently4 7c7 ,access to proceedings 7#a7 ,in general ,except as provided in paragraph 7#b71 to facilitate the completion of the duties described in this section1 the ,comptroller ,general and the experts1 if any1 referred to in subsection 7a77#b7 shall have unrestricted access to all stages of all inspections of aliens for admission under section #bce7;b7 of the ,immigration and ,nationality ,act 7#h ,u4,s4,c4 #abbe7;b774 7#b7 ,exception ,paragraph 7#a7 shall not apply with respect to the inspection if-- 7,a7 the alien concerned objects to such access2 or 7,b7 the ,secretary of ,homeland ,security determines that the security of a particular proceeding would be threatened by such access1 so long as any restrictions on the access of experts invited by the ,commission under subsection 7a77#b7 do not contravene international law4 ,,vii ,miscellaneous ,provisions #gja4 ,business codes of conduct 7a7 ,congressional finding ,the ,congress recognizes the increasing importance of transnational corporations as global actors1 and their potential for providing positive leadership in their host countries in the area of human rights4 7b7 ,sense of the congress ,it is the sense of the ,congress that transnational corporations operating overseas1 particularly those corporations operating in countries the governments of which have engaged in or tolerated violations of women's rights1 as identified in the ,annual ,report1 should adopt codes of conduct-- 7#a7 upholding the rights of their female employees2 and 7#b7 ensuring that a worker's gender shall in no way affect1 or be allowed to affect1 the status or terms of his or her employment4