,i  #aac? ,,congress  #a/ ,session  ,h4 
,r4 #bgeh  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,(           
,,repres5tatives  ,july #ai1 #bjac ,ms4 
,l(gr5 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0   
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y   
,a ,,bill  ,to prohibit ,/ates f c>ry+  
out m ?an "o ,congressional r$i/rict+   
aft] a dec5nial c5sus & apportionm5t1 to
 require ,/ates to conduct su* r$i/rict+
 ?r\gh indep5d5t commissions1 & = o!r   
purposes4  #a4 ,%ort title2 f9d+ (      
con/itutional au?ority  7a7 ,%ort title 
,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,r$i/rict+    
,re=m ,act ( #bjac4  7b7 ,f9d+ ,congress
 f9ds t x has ! au?ority to e/abli% !   
t]ms & conditions ,/ates mu/ foll[ 9    
c>ry+ out ,congressional r$i/rict+ aft] 
an apportionm5t ( ,memb]s ( ! ,h\se (   
,repres5tatives because--  7#a7 !       
au?ority grant$ to ,congress "u article 
,i1 section #d ( ! ,con/itution ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates gives ,congress ! p[] to  
enact laws gov]n+ ! "t1 place1 & mann] (
 elections = ,memb]s ( ! ,h\se (        
,repres5tatives2 &  7#b7 ! au?ority     

grant$ to ,congress "u section #e ( !   
,f\rte5? ,am5dm5t to ! ,con/itution     
gives ,congress ! p[] to enact laws to  
en=ce section #b ( su* am5dm5t1 :i*     
requires ,repres5tatives to be          
apportion$ among ! sev]al ,/ates accord+
 to _! numb]4  #b4 ,limit on            
congressional r$i/rict+ aft] an         
apportionm5t ,! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act = 
! relief ( ,doctor ,ric>do ,vallejo     
,samala & to provide = congressional    
r$i/rict+1 approv$ ,decemb] #ad1 #aifg  
7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;c71 is am5d$ by add+ at
 ! end ! foll[+3 ,a ,/ate :i* has be5   
r$i/rict$ 9 ! mann] provid$ by law aft] 
an apportionm5t "u section #bb7;a7 ( !  
,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = !    
fifte5? & subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses &  
to provide = an apportionm5t (          
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$    
,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a71   
may n be r$i/rict$ aga9 until aft] !    
next apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives "u  
su* section1 unless a c\rt requires !   
,/ate to conduct su* subsequ5t r$i/rict+

 to comply ) ! ,con/itution or to en=ce 
! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#db       
,u4,s4,c4 #aigc et seq4744  #c4 ,requir+
 r$i/rict+ to be conduct$ ?r\gh plan (  
indep5d5t ,/ate commission or plan (    
highe/ ,/ate c\rt  7a7 ,use ( plan      
requir$  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,not)/&+ any o!r 
provision ( law1 any ,congressional     
r$i/rict+ conduct$ by a ,/ate %all be   
conduct$ 9 accordance )--  7,a7 !       
r$i/rict+ plan develop$ by ! indep5d5t  
r$i/rict+ commission e/abli%$ 9 ! ,/ate1
 9 accordance ) section #e2 or  7,b7 if 
! plan develop$ by su* commission is n  
enact$ into law1 ! r$i/rict+ plan       
select$ by ! highe/ c\rt 9 ! ,/ate or   
develop$ by a ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict     
c\rt1 9 accordance ) section #f4  7#b7  
,o!r crit]ia & proc$ures p]mitt$ ,no?+ 9
 ?is ,act or ! am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act
 may be con/ru$ to prohibit a ,/ate f   
conduct+ ,congressional r$i/rict+ 9     
accordance ) su* crit]ia & proc$ures z !
 ,/ate consid]s appropriate1 to ! ext5t 
t su* crit]ia & proc$ures are consi/5t )

 ! applicable requirem5ts ( ?is ,act & !
 am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act4  7b7 ,con=m+
 am5dm5t ,section #bb7;c7 ( ! ,act      
entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = ! fifte5? 
& subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses & to       
provide = an apportionm5t (             
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$    
,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a7c771
 is am5d$ by /rik+ 9 ! mann] provid$ by 
! law !re( & ins]t+3 9 ! mann] provid$  
by ! ,r$i/rict+ ,re=m ,act ( #bjac4  #d4
 ,indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission  7a7   
,appo9tm5t ( memb]s  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,ea* 
,/ate %all e/abli% an indep5d5t         
r$i/rict+ commission compos$ ( ! foll[+ 
memb]s1 ea* ( :om is among ! pool (     
nom9ees pres5t$ to ! legislature by !   
,gov]nor ( ! ,/ate "u subsection        
7b77#a73  7,a7 ,a numb] ( memb]s :o are 
affiliat$ ) ! political p>ty ) ! l>ge/  
p]c5tage ( ! regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o 
are affiliat$ ) a political p>ty & a    
numb] ( memb]s :o are affiliat$ ) !     
political p>ty ) ! second l>ge/ p]c5tage
 ( ! regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o are     

affiliat$ ) a political p>ty 7z det]m9$ 
) respect to ! mo/ rec5t ,/atewide      
election = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ! ,/ate =
 :i* su* in=mation is available71 su* t 
! p]c5tage ( ! memb]s ( ! commission :o 
are affiliat$ ) ea* su* p>ty is 7to !   
greate/ ext5t practicable7 equal to !   
p]c5tage ( regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o   
are affiliat$ ) su* p>ty1 appo9t$ ) !   
approval ( at lea/ #b ( ! foll[+3  7i7  
,! lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! greate/ numb] (   
seats 9 ! upp] h\se ( ! ,/ate           
legislature4  7ii7 ,! lead] ( ! p>ty ) !
 second greate/ numb] ( seats 9 ! upp]  
h\se ( ! ,/ate legislature4  7iii7 ,!   
lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! greate/ numb] ( seats
 9 ! l[] h\se ( ! ,/ate legislature4    
7iv7 ,! lead] ( ! p>ty ) ! second       
greate/ numb] ( seats 9 ! l[] h\se ( !  
,/ate legislature4  7,b7 ,a numb] (     
memb]s :o are n affiliat$ ) any ( !     
political p>ties ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph
 7,a71 :o %all be appo9t$ by n few] ?an 
#b_/c ( ! memb]s appo9t$ "u subp>agraph 
7,a71 su* t ! p]c5tage ( ! memb]s ( !   

commission :o are appo9t$ "u ?is        
subp>agraph is 7to ! greate/ ext5t      
practicable7 equal to ! p]c5tage (      
regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o are n        
affiliat$ ) any ( ! political p>ties    
ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 7) respect 
to ! mo/ rec5t /atewide election =      
,f$]al (fice held 9 ! ,/ate = :i* su*   
in=mation is available74  7#b7 ,special 
rule = /ates ) unicam]al legislature ,9 
! case ( a ,/ate ) a unicam]al          
legislature1 ! indep5d5t r$i/rict+      
commission e/abli%$ "u ?is subsection   
%all be compos$ ( ! foll[+ memb]s1 ea* (
 :om is among ! pool ( nom9ees pres5t$  
to ! legislature by ! ,gov]nor ( ! ,/ate
 "u subsection 7b77#a73  7,a7 ,a numb] (
 memb]s :o are affiliat$ ) ! political  
p>ty ) ! l>ge/ p]c5tage ( ! regi/]$     
vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o are affiliat$ ) a    
political p>ty & a numb] ( memb]s :o are
 affiliat$ ) ! political p>ty ) ! second
 l>ge/ p]c5tage ( ! regi/]$ vot]s 9 !   
,/ate :o are affiliat$ ) a political    
p>ty 7z det]m9$ ) respect to ! mo/ rec5t

 ,/atewide election = ,f$]al (fice held 
9 ! ,/ate = :i* su* in=mation is        
available71 su* t ! p]c5tage ( ! memb]s 
( ! commission :o are affiliat$ ) ea*   
su* p>ty is 7to ! greate/ ext5t         
practicable7 equal to ! p]c5tage (      
regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o are affiliat$
 ) su* p>ty1 appo9t$ ) ! approval ( at  
lea/ "o ( ! foll[+3  7i7 ,! lead] ( !   
p>ty ) ! greate/ numb] ( seats 9 !      
legislature4  7ii7 ,! lead] ( ! p>ty ) !
 second greate/ numb] ( seats 9 !       
legislature4  7,b7 ,a numb] ( memb]s :o 
are n affiliat$ ) any ( ! political     
p>ties ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph 7,a71 :o 
%all be appo9t$ by n few] ?an #b_/c ( ! 
memb]s appo9t$ "u subp>agraph 7,a71 su* 
t ! p]c5tage ( ! memb]s ( ! commission  
:o are appo9t$ "u ?is subp>agraph is 7to
 ! greate/ ext5t practicable7 equal to !
 p]c5tage ( regi/]$ vot]s 9 ! ,/ate :o  
are n affiliat$ ) any ( ! political     
p>ties ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph 7,a7 7)  
respect to ! mo/ rec5t /atewide election
 = ,f$]al (fice held 9 ! ,/ate = :i* su*

 in=mation is available74  7#c7 ,numb] (
 memb]s ,a ,/ate's indep5d5t r$i/rict+  
commission e/abli%$ "u ?is subsection   
%all h su* numb] ( memb]s z ! ,gov]nor (
 ! ,/ate det]m9es1 except t ! commission
 may n h m ?an #ai memb]s4  7#d7 ,*air  
,memb]s ( an indep5d5t r$i/rict+        
commission e/abli%$ "u ?is subsection   
%all select by majority vote "o memb] to
 s]ve z *air ( ! commission4  7#e7      
,repres5tation ( v>i\s demographic gr\ps
 ,! memb]%ip ( a ,/ate's indep5d5t      
r$i/rict+ commission e/abli%$ "u ?is    
subsection %all reflect v>i\s           
demographic gr\ps ( ! ,/ate1 includ+    
v>i\s ages1 races1 e?nicities1 g5d]s1 & 
individuals f v>i\s geographic regions (
 ! ,/ate4 ,no?+ 9 ?is p>agraph %all be  
con/ru$ to e/abli% a specific quota = ! 
numb] ( memb]s ( a commission :o are    
affiliat$ ) any demographic gr\p4  7#f7 
,det]m9ation ( political p>ty           
affiliation ,= purposes ( ?is           
subsection1 an individual %all be       
consid]$ to be affiliat$ ) a political  

p>ty if ! individual is regi/]$ ) ! p>ty
 ) respect to ea* ( ! #c mo/ rec5t      
elections = ,f$]al (fice occurr+ prior  
to ! individual's appo9tm5t4  7b7       
,eligibility  7#a7 ,pool ( nom9ees  7,a7
 ,developm5t ( pool by gov]nor ,!       
,gov]nor ( ea* ,/ate %all develop a pool
 ( nom9ees = memb]%ip on ! ,/ate's      
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission & pres5t 
t pool to ! legislature ( ! ,/ate4  7,b7
 ,individuals )9 pool ,! ,gov]nor %all  
include an individual )9 ! pool (       
nom9ees "u ?is p>agraph if--  7i7 !     
individuals submits an application to ! 
,gov]nor = inclusion 9 ! pool1 at su* "t
 z ! ,gov]nor may require2 &  7ii7 !    
individual meets ! crit]ia = eligibility
 "u p>agraph 7#b7 = s]vice z a memb] ( !
 indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission4  7,c7  
,publication ( names ( applicants &     
reasons = rejection ( inclusion ,!      
,gov]nor %all make public--  7i7 ! "n ( 
ea* individual :o applies to be includ$ 
9 ! pool "u ?is p>agraph2  7ii7 ! "n (  
ea* individual :o is includ$ 9 ! pool   

pres5t$ to ! legislature2 &  7iii7 9 !  
case ( any individual :o applies to be  
includ$ 9 ! pool b is n includ$ 9 ! pool
 pres5t$ to ! legislature1 ! reasons = !
 failure ( ! ,gov]nor to include !      
individual 9 ! pool4  7,d7 ,"r to review
 decision n to include ,an individual :o
 submits an application = inclusion 9 ! 
pool "u ?is p>agraph & :o is n includ$ 9
 ! pool pres5t$ to ! legislature may    
file an action 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict
 c\rt = ! di/rict 9 :i* ! capital ( !   
,/ate is locat$ = su* decl>atory &      
injunctive relief z may be appropriate4 
7#b7 ,9 g5]al ,an individual is eligible
 to s]ve z a memb] ( an indep5d5t       
r$i/rict+ commission if--  7,a7 z ( !   
date ( appo9tm5t1 ! individual is       
regi/]$ to vote 9 elections = ,f$]al    
(fice held 9 ! ,/ate1 & 0 regi/]$ to    
vote 9 ! #b mo/ rec5t g5]al elections = 
,f$]al (fice held 9 ! ,/ate2  7,b7 !    
individual did n hold public (fice or   
run z a c&idate = election = public     
(fice1 s]ve z an employee ( a political 

p>ty or c&idate = election = public     
(fice or elect$ public (ficial1 or hold 
a position z a regi/]$ lobbyi/ "u !     
,lobby+ ,disclosure ,act ( #aiie 7#b    
,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq47 or an equival5t
 ,/ate or local law1 at any "t dur+ !   
#aj-ye> p]iod end+ on ! ,decemb] #ca    
prec$+ ! date ( appo9tm5t2  7,c7 !      
individual is n an imm$iate family memb]
 ( a c&idate = election = public (fice  
or an elect$ public (ficial2 &  7,d7 !  
individual c]tifies t he or %e w n run z
 a c&idate = ! (fice ( ,repres5tative 9 
! ,congress until aft] ! next           
apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives "u       
section #bb7;a7 ( ! ,act entitl$ ,an    
,act to provide = ! fifte5? & subsequ5t 
dec5nial c5suses & to provide = an      
apportionm5t ( ,repres5tatives 9        
,congress1 approv$ ,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b 
,u4,s4,c4 #b;a74  7#c7 ,discrim9ation ,!
 memb]%ip ( ! ,commission %all n be     
select$ 9 a mann] :i* results 9 a d5ial 
or abridgem5t ( ! "r ( any citiz5 ( !   
,unit$ ,/ates to vote on acc\nt ( race  

or color4 ,a violation ( ?is p>agraph is
 e/abli%$ if1 bas$ on ! totality (      
circum/ances1 x is %[n t ! memb]%ip ( ! 
,commission is n equally op5 to         
p>ticipation by memb]s ( a class (      
citiz5s protect$ by ?is p>agraph 9 t its
 memb]s h less opportunity ?an o!r      
memb]s ( ! electorate to p>ticipate 9 ! 
political process & to elect            
repres5tatives ( _! *oice4  7#d7        
,imm$iate family memb] def9$ ,9 p>agraph
 7#b77;,c71 ! t]m imm$iate family memb] 
means1 ) respect to an individual1 a    
fa!r1 "m1 son1 daught]1 bro!r1 si/]1    
husb&1 wife1 fa!r-9-law1 or "m-9-law4   
7c7 ,vacancy ,a vacancy 9 ! commission  
%all be fill$ 9 ! mann] 9 :i* ! orig9al 
appo9tm5t 0 made4  7d7 ,deadl9e  7#a7 ,9
 g5]al ,ea* ,/ate %all e/abli% a        
commission "u ?is section1 & ! memb]s ( 
! commission %all appo9t ! commission's 
*air1 n lat] ?an ! fir/ ,febru>y #a :i* 
occurs aft] ! *ief executive ( a ,/ate  
receives ! ,/ate apportionm5t notice    
7or1 9 ! case ( ! ,/ate apportionm5t    

notice ) respect to ! #bjaj dec5nial    
c5sus1 n lat] ?an #cj days aft] ! date (
 ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act74  7#b7          
,appo9tm5t ( *air requir$ prior to      
developm5t ( r$i/rict+ plan ,!          
commission may n take any action to     
develop a r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate "u   
section #e until ! appo9tm5t ( !        
commission's *air4  7e7 ,requir+        
majority approval = actions ,! indep5d5t
 r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate may n   
submit a r$i/rict+ plan to ! ,/ate      
legislature1 or take any o!r action1 )\t
 ! approval ( at lea/ a majority ( its  
memb]s giv5 at a meet+ at :i* at lea/ a 
majority ( its memb]s are pres5t4  7f7  
,t]m9ation  7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,! indep5d5t  
r$i/rict+ commission ( a ,/ate %all     
t]m9ate on ! day aft] ! date ( ! fir/   
regul>ly s*$ul$ g5]al election = ,f$]al 
(fice :i* occurs aft] ! *ief executive (
 ! ,/ate receives ! ,/ate apportionm5t  
notice4  7#b7 ,pres]vation ( records ,! 
,/ate %all ensure t ! records ( !       
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission are      

reta9$ 9 ! appropriate ,/ate ar*ive 9   
su* mann] z may be necess>y to enable ! 
,/ate to respond to any civil action    
br\ght ) respect to ,congressional      
r$i/rict+ 9 ! ,/ate4  #e4 ,developm5t ( 
,r$i/rict+ ,plan by ,indep5d5t          
,commission2 ,public ,notice & ,input   
7a7 ,developm5t ( r$i/rict+ plan  7#a7  
,crit]ia ,! indep5d5t r$i/rict+         
commission ( a ,/ate %all develop a     
r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate 9 accordance ) 
! foll[+ crit]ia3  7,a7 ,di/ricts %all  
comply ) ! ,con/itution ( ! ,unit$      
,/ates & ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife   
7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aigc et seq474 ,! plan  
%all nei!r disp]se nor conc5trate       
m9ority populations protect$ "u ! ,vot+ 
,rights ,act 9 a mann] t has an adv]se  
effect on _! ability to elect _! c&idate
 ( *oice4  7,b7 ,di/rict b\nd>ies %all  
keep communities ( int]e/ to ! ext5t    
practicable4 ,communities ( int]e/ may  
be bas$ on1 b are n limit$ to1 trade    
areas1 natural res\rces1 population     
d5sity1 %>$ infra/ructure1 localities ) 

a hi/ory ( jo9t gov]nm5tal coop]ation1 &
 o!r int]e/s articulat$ by resid5ts 9   
gov]nm5tal =ums4  7,c7 ,di/ricts %all   
ea* h equal population p] repres5tative1
 to ! ext5t practicable1 & 9 accordance 
) f$]al con/itutional /&>ds4  7,d7      
,di/ricts %all be geographically        
contigu\s4  7,e7 ,to ! ext5t            
practicable1 di/rict l9es %all use      
visible geographic features & %all rema9
 )9 geographic b\nd>ies4  7,f7 ,to !    
ext5t practicable & consi/5t )          
subp>agraphs 7,a71 7,b71 7,c71 7,d71 &  
7,e71 di/rict l9es %all use city & c\nty
 b\nd>ies1 or undivid$ c5sus tracts or  
block gr\ps4  7,g7 ,to ! ext5t          
practicable1 di/ricts %all be           
geographically compact4  7#b7 ,factors  
prohibit$ f consid]ation ,9 develop+ !  
r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate1 ! indep5d5t   
r$i/rict+ commission may n take into    
consid]ation any ( ! foll[+ factors1    
except to ! ext5t necess>y to comply ) !
 ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife3  7,a7 ,!   
vot+ hi/ory ( ! population ( a          

,congressional di/rict1 except t !      
commission may take su* hi/ory into     
consid]ation to ! ext5t necess>y to     
comply ) any ,/ate law :i* requires !   
e/abli%m5t ( competitive ,congressional 
di/ricts4  7,b7 ,! political p>ty       
affiliation ( ! population ( a di/rict4 
7,c7 ,! resid5ce ( incumb5t ,memb]s ( ! 
,h\se ( ,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate4  7#c7
 ,public notice & input  7,a7 ,public   
he>+s2 solicitation ( input f public ,! 
commission %all hold ea* ( its meet+s 9 
public1 & %all solicit & take into      
consid]ation comm5ts f ! public 9       
develop+ ! r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate4 ,! 
commission %all notify ! public ?r\gh ! 
publication ( notice 9 newspap]s ( g5]al
 circulation ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 & ?r\gh a 
public ,int]net site ( ! ,/ate gov]nm5t1
 ( ! "t & place ( its meet+s1 ( its     
solicitation ( public comm5ts1 & ( !    
means by :i* ! public %\ld submit       
comm5ts to ! commission4  7,b7 ,notice (
 plans ,at ! "t ! commission submits a  
r$i/rict+ plan to ! legislature ( !     

,/ate "u subsection 7b77#a71 !          
commission %all notify ! public ?r\gh ! 
publication ( notice 9 newspap]s ( g5]al
 circulation ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 & %all    
publi% a detail$ v]sion ( ! plan        
7includ+ a map %[+ ea* ,congressional   
di/rict e/abli%$ "u ! plan & ! vot+ age 
population by race ( ea* su* di/rict7 on
 a public ,int]net site ( ! ,/ate       
gov]nm5t4 ,! commission %all provide su*
 public notice ( any r$i/rict+ plan x   
develops = a m9imum ( f\r weeks prior to
 submission ( t plan to ! legislature z 
provid$ = 9 subsection 7b74  7b7        
,submission ( plans to legislature  7#a7
 ,9 g5]al ,at any "t prior to ! fir/    
,novemb] #a :i* occurs aft] ! *ief      
executive ( ! ,/ate receives ! ,/ate    
apportionm5t notice1 ! commission may   
submit r$i/rict+ plans develop$ by !    
commission "u ?is section to !          
legislature ( ! ,/ate4  7#b7            
,consid]ation ( plan by legislature     
,aft] receiv+ any r$i/rict+ plan "u     
p>agraph 7#a71 ! legislature ( a ,/ate  

may--  7,a7 approve ! plan z submitt$ by
 ! commission )\t am5dm5t & =w>d ! plan 
to ! *ief executive ( ! ,/ate2 or  7,b7 
reject ! plan4  7#c7 ,enactm5t ( plan   
7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,a r$i/rict+ plan develop$
 by ! commission %all be consid]$ to be 
enact$ into law only if ! plan is =w>d$ 
to ! *ief executive ( ! ,/ate pursuant  
to p>agraph 7#b77;,a7 &--  7i7 ! *ief   
executive approves ! plan z =w>d$ by !  
legislature )\t am5dm5t2 or  7ii7 ! *ief
 executive vetoes ! plan & ! legislature
 ov]rides ! veto 9 accordance ) !       
applicable law ( ! ,/ate1 except t at no
 "t may ! plan be am5d$4  7,b7 ,special 
rule ,9 ! case ( a ,/ate 9 :i* ! *ief   
executive is prohibit$ "u ,/ate law f   
act+ on a r$i/rict+ plan1 a r$i/rict+   
plan develop$ by ! commission %all be   
consid]$ to be enact$ into law if--  7i7
 ! plan is submitt$ to ! legislature ( !
 ,/ate2 &  7ii7 ! legislature approves !
 plan z submitt$ by ! commission )\t    
am5dm5t4  #f4 ,selection ( plan by c\rts
  7a7 ,/ate c\rt  7#a7 ,submission &    

selection ( plan ,if a r$i/rict+ plan   
develop$ by ! indep5d5t r$i/rict+       
commission ( a ,/ate is n enact$ into   
law "u section #e7;b77#c7 by ! fir/     
,decemb] #a :i* occurs aft] ! *ief      
executive ( ! ,/ate receives ! ,/ate    
apportionm5t notice1 ! commission may   
submit r$i/rict+ plans develop$ by !    
commission 9 accordance ) section #e to 
! highe/ c\rt ( ! ,/ate1 :i* may select 
& publi% "o ( ! submitt$ plans to s]ve z
 ! r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate4  7#b7 ,no  
modification ( plan p]mitt$ ,! highe/   
c\rt ( a ,/ate may n modify any         
r$i/rict+ plan submitt$ "u ?is          
subsection4  7b7 ,f$]al c\rt  7#a7      
,failure ( /ate c\rt to select plan     
7,a7 ,notice to c\rt if plan n select$  
by /ate c\rt ,if a ,/ate c\rt to :om    
r$i/rict+ plans h be5 submitt$ "u       
subsection 7a7 does n select a plan to  
s]ve z ! r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate "u su*
 subsection on or be=e ! fir/ ,decemb]  
#ca :i* occurs aft] ! *ief executive ( !
 ,/ate receives ! ,/ate apportionm5t    

notice1 ! ,/ate %all file a notice ) !  
,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt = ! di/rict 9
 :i* ! capital ( ! ,/ate is locat$4     
7,b7 ,developm5t & selection ( plan by  
f$]al c\rt ,n lat] ?an #cj days aft]    
receiv+ a notice f a ,/ate "u           
subp>agraph 7,a71 ! c\rt %all develop & 
publi% a f9al r$i/rict+ plan = ! ,/ate4 
7#b7 ,failure ( /ate to e/abli%         
commission  7,a7 ,9 g5]al ,if a ,/ate   
does n e/abli% an indep5d5t r$i/rict+   
commission "u section #d by ! fir/      
,septemb] #a :i* occurs aft] ! *ief     
executive ( ! ,/ate receives ! ,/ate    
apportionm5t notice--  7i7 ! ,/ate may n
 e/abli% ! commission2 &  7ii7 ! ,unit$ 
,/ates di/rict c\rt = ! di/rict 9 :i* ! 
capital ( ! ,/ate is locat$ %all develop
 & publi% a f9al r$i/rict+ plan = !     
,/ate n lat] ?an ! fir/ ,decemb] #a :i* 
occurs aft] ! *ief executive ( ! ,/ate  
receives ! ,/ate apportionm5t notice4   
7,b7 ,det]m9ation ( failure to e/abli%  
commission ,= purposes ( subp>agraph    
7,a71 a ,/ate %all be consid]$ to h     

fail$ to e/abli% an indep5d5t r$i/rict+ 
commission by ! date ref]r$ to 9 su*    
subp>agraph if a *air ( ! commission has
 n be5 appo9t$ on or be=e su* date4     
7#c7 ,crit]ia ,x is ! s5se ( ,congress  
t1 9 develop+ a r$i/rict+ plan = a ,/ate
 "u ?is subsection1 ! di/rict c\rt %\ld 
adh]e to ! same t]ms & conditions t     
appli$ to ! developm5t ( ! plan ( !     
commission "u section #e7;a74  7c7      
,access to in=mation & records (        
commission ,a c\rt :i* is requir$ to    
select1 publi%1 or develop a r$i/rict+  
plan = a ,/ate "u ?is section %all h    
access to any in=mation1 data1 s(tw>e1  
or o!r records & mat]ial us$ by !       
indep5d5t r$i/rict+ commission ( ! ,/ate
 9 c>ry+ out its duties "u ?is ,act4    
#g4 ,special rule = r$i/rict+ conduct$  
"u ord] ( ,f$]al c\rt ,if a ,f$]al c\rt 
requires a ,/ate to conduct r$i/rict+   
subsequ5t to an apportionm5t (          
,repres5tatives 9 ! ,/ate 9 ord] to     
comply ) ! ,con/itution or to en=ce !   
,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife1 sections #e 

& #f %all apply ) respect to !          
r$i/rict+1 except t--  7#a7 ! deadl9e = 
! e/abli%m5t ( ! indep5d5t r$i/rict+    
commission & ! appo9tm5t ( !            
commission's *air 7z describ$ 9 section 
#d7;d77#a77 %all be ! expiration ( !    
#cj-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ( !  
f9al ord] ( ! ,f$]al c\rt to conduct !  
r$i/rict+2  7#b7 ! deadl9e = !          
submission ( r$i/rict+ plans to !       
legislature by ! commission1 & ! date ( 
! t]m9ation ( ! commission 7z describ$ 9
 section #d7;f77 %all be ! expiration ( 
! #aej-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ( 
! f9al ord] ( ! ,f$]al c\rt to conduct !
 r$i/rict+2  7#c7 ! deadl9e = !         
selection & publication ( ! plan by !   
highe/ c\rt ( ! ,/ate 7z describ$ 9     
section #f7;a77 %all be ! expiration ( !
 #ahj-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ( !
 f9al ord] ( ! ,f$]al c\rt to conduct ! 
r$i/rict+2 &  7#d7 ! deadl9e = !        
selection & publication ( ! plan by !   
di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7z       
describ$ 9 section #f7;b77 %all be !    

expiration ( ! #baj-;day p]iod :i* beg9s
 on ! date ( ! f9al ord] ( ! ,f$]al c\rt
 to conduct ! r$i/rict+4  #h4 ,paym5ts  
to ,/ates = c>ry+ out r$i/rict+  7a7    
,au?orization ( paym5ts ,subject to     
subsection 7d71 n lat] ?an #cj days aft]
 a ,/ate receives a ,/ate apportionm5t  
notice 7or1 9 ! case ( ! ,/ate          
apportionm5t notice ) respect to ! #bjaj
 dec5nial c5sus1 n lat] ?an #cj days    
aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act71 ! 
,election ,assi/ance ,commission %all   
make a paym5t to ! ,/ate 9 an am\nt     
equal to ! product (--  7#a7 ! numb] (  
,repres5tatives to :i* ! ,/ate is       
entitl$1 z provid$ "u ! notice2 &  7#b7 
#aej1jjj4  7b7 ,use ( funds ,a ,/ate    
%all use ! paym5t made "u ?is section to
 e/abli% & op]ate ! ,/ate's indep5d5t   
r$i/rict+ commission1 to implem5t !     
,/ate r$i/rict+ plan1 & to o!rwise c>ry 
out ,congressional r$i/rict+ 9 ! ,/ate4 
7c7 ,no paym5t to /ates ) s+le memb] ,! 
,election ,assi/ance ,commission %all n 
make a paym5t "u ?is section to any     

,/ate :i* is n entitl$ to m ?an "o      
,repres5tative "u its ,/ate apportionm5t
 notice4  7d7 ,requir+ ,e/abli%m5t (    
,commission z ,condition ( ,paym5t ,!   
,election ,assi/ance ,commission may n  
make a paym5t to a ,/ate "u ?is section 
until ! ,/ate c]tifies to ! ,commission 
t ! ,/ate has e/abli%$ an indep5d5t     
r$i/rict+ commission1 & t a *air ( !    
commission has be5 appo9t$1 9 accordance
 ) section #d4  7e7 ,au?orization (     
appropriations ,!re are au?oriz$ to be  
appropriat$ su* sums z may be necess>y =
 paym5ts "u ?is section4  #i4 ,/ate     
apportionm5t notice def9$ ,9 ?is ,act1 !
 ,/ate apportionm5t notice means1 )     
respect to a ,/ate1 ! notice s5t to !   
,/ate f ! ,cl]k ( ! ,h\se (             
,repres5tatives "u section #bb7;b7 ( !  
,act entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = !    
fifte5? & subsequ5t dec5nial c5suses &  
to provide = an apportionm5t (          
,repres5tatives 9 ,congress1 approv$    
,june #ah1 #aibi 7#b ,u4,s4,c4 #b;a71 ( 
! numb] ( ,repres5tatives to :i* ! ,/ate

 is entitl$4  #aj4 ,civil en=cem5t &    
private "r ( action  7a7 ,attorney g5]al
 ,! ,attorney ,g5]al may br+ a civil    
action 9 an appropriate di/rict c\rt =  
su* decl>atory or injunctive relief z is
 necess>y to c>ry out ?is ,act4  7b7    
,availability ( ,private ,"r ( ,action  
7#a7 ,action *all5g+ cont5ts ( ,/ate    
r$i/rict+ plan ,a p]son :o is aggriev$  
by a violation ( ?is ,act :i* consi/s ( 
! failure ( a ,/ate r$i/rict+ plan      
enact$ into law "u section #e7;b77#c7 to
 be 9 compliance ) p>agraph 7#a7 or     
p>agraph 7#b7 ( section #e7;a7 may br+ a
 civil action 9 an appropriate di/rict  
c\rt = decl>atory or injunctive relief4 
7#b7 ,o!r actions ,a p]son :o is        
aggriev$ by a violation ( ?is ,act :i*  
is n describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 may br+ a 
civil action 9 an appropriate di/rict   
c\rt = decl>atory or injunctive relief )
 respect to ! violation if--  7,a7 !    
p]son provides writt5 notice ( !        
violation to ! *air ( ! indep5d5t       
r$i/rict+ commission ( ! ,/ate involv$2 

7,b7 ! violation is n correct$ dur+ !   
#ij-;day p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ( !  
receipt ( ! writt5 notice2 &  7,c7 !    
p]son br+s ! action n lat] ?an #cj days 
aft] ! expiration ( ! #ij-;day p]iod    
ref]r$ to 9 clause 7ii74  7#c7 ,/atute (
 limitations ,no civil action may be    
br\ght "u ?is subsection ) respect to a 
,/ate aft] ! expiration ( ! #cj-;day    
p]iod :i* beg9s on ! date ! ,/ate       
r$i/rict+ plan is enact$ into law "u    
section #e7;b77#c74  7c7 ,exp$it$       
,judicial ,review ,9 any action br\ght =
 decl>atory or injunctive relief "u ?is 
section1 ! foll[+ rules %all apply3     
7#a7 ,! action %all be fil$ 9 !         
appropriate ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rt &
 %all be he>d by a #c-;judge c\rt conv5$
 pursuant to section #bbhd ( title #bh1 
,unit$ ,/ates ,code4  7#b7 ,! #c-;judge 
c\rt %all consolidate actions br\ght =  
relief "u subsection 7b77#a7 ) respect  
to ! same ,/ate r$i/rict+ plan4  7#c7 ,a
 copy ( ! compla9t %all be deliv]$      
promptly to ! ,cl]k ( ! ,h\se (         

,repres5tatives & ! ,secret>y ( !       
,s5ate4  7#d7 ,a f9al decision 9 !      
action %all be reviewable only by appeal
 directly to ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$
 ,/ates4 ,su* appeal %all be tak5 by !  
fil+ ( a notice ( appeal )9 #aj days1 & 
! fil+ ( a jurisdictional /atem5t )9 #cj
 days1 ( ! entry ( ! f9al decision4     
7#e7 ,x %all be ! duty ( ! di/rict c\rt 
& ! ,supreme ,c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to 
advance on ! docket & to exp$ite to !   
greate/ possible ext5t ! disposition ( !
 action & appeal4  7d7 ,location ( ,c\rt
 ,= purposes ( an action "u ?is section1
 ! appropriate di/rict c\rt %all be !   
di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = !      
di/rict :i* includes ! capital ( ! ,/ate
 involv$4  7e7 ,attorney's fees ,9 a    
civil action "u ?is section1 ! c\rt may 
all[ ! prevail+ p>ty 7o!r ?an ! ,unit$  
,/ates7 reasonable attorney fees1       
includ+ litigation exp5ses1 & co/s4  7f7
 ,relation to o!r laws  7#a7 ,! rights &
 rem$ies e/abli%$ by ?is section are 9  
addition to all o!r rights & rem$ies    

provid$ by law1 & nei!r ! rights &      
rem$ies e/abli%$ by ?is section nor any 
o!r provision ( ?is ,act %all sup]s$e1  
re/rict1 or limit ! application ( !     
,vot+ ,rights ,act ( #aife 7#db         
,u4,s4,c4 #aigc et seq474  7#b7 ,no?+ 9 
?is ,act au?orizes or requires conduct t
 is prohibit$ by ! ,vot+ ,rights ,act ( 
#aife 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aigc et seq474    
#aa4 ,effective date ,?is ,act & !      
am5dm5ts made by ?is ,act %all take     
effect on ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is     
,act4