,i #aac? ,,congress #a/ ,session ,h4 ,r4 #bdfg ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,repres5tatives ,june #bj1 #bjac ,mr4 ,m>key 7= himself1 ,mr4 ,holt1 & ,mr4 ,grijalva7 introduc$ ! foll[+ bill2 :i* 0 ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ,natural ,res\rces ,a ,,bill ,to provide t production ( all locatable m9]als f m9+ claims locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws1 or m9]al conc5trates or products d]iv$ f locatable m9]als f su* m9+ claims1 %all be subject to a royalty ( #ab4e p]c5t ( ! gross income f m9+1 & = o!r purposes4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts 7a7 ,%ort title ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,l&s ,cleanup & ,taxpay] ,fairness ,act4 7b7 ,table ( cont5ts ,! table ( cont5ts ( ?is ,act is z foll[s3 ,sec4 #a4 ,%ort title2 table ( cont5ts4 ,title ,i--,h>drock ,m9+ ,re=m ,sec4 #aja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #ajb4 ,def9itions & ref]5ces4 ,sec4 #ajc4 ,application rules4 ,subtitle ,a--,m9]al ,exploration & ,developm5t ,sec4 #aaa4 ,royalty4 ,sec4 #aab4 ,h>drock m9+ claim ma9t5ance fee4 ,sec4 #aac4 ,effect ( paym5ts = use & occupancy ( claims4 ,sec4 #aad4 ,limitation on pat5ts4 ,subtitle ,b--,protection ( ,special ,places ,sec4 #aba4 ,l&s op5 to location4 ,sec4 #abb4 ,)drawal petitions by ,/ates1 political subdivisions1 & ,indian tribes4 ,subtitle ,c--,environm5tal ,consid]ations ( ,m9]al ,exploration & ,developm5t ,sec4 #aca4 ,g5]al /&>d = h>drock m9+ on ,f$]al l&4 ,sec4 #acb4 ,p]mits4 ,sec4 #acc4 ,exploration p]mit4 ,sec4 #acd4 ,op]ations p]mit4 ,sec4 #ace4 ,p]sons ineligible = p]mits4 ,sec4 #acf4 ,f9ancial assurance4 ,sec4 #acg4 ,op]ation & reclamation4 ,sec4 #ach4 ,/ate law & regulation4 ,sec4 #aci4 ,limitation on ! issuance ( p]mits4 ,subtitle ,d--,adm9i/rative & ,miscellane\s ,provisions ,sec4 #ada4 ,policy functions4 ,sec4 #adb4 ,us] fees4 ,sec4 #adc4 ,inspection & monitor+4 ,sec4 #add4 ,citiz5s suits4 ,sec4 #ade4 ,adm9i/rative & judicial review4 ,sec4 #adf4 ,en=cem5t4 ,sec4 #adg4 ,regulations4 ,sec4 #adh4 ,effective date4 ,sec4 #adi4 ,sav+s clause4 ,sec4 #aej4 ,availability ( public records4 ,sec4 #aea4 ,miscellane\s p[]s4 ,sec4 #aeb4 ,multiple m9]al developm5t & surface res\rces4 ,sec4 #aec4 ,m9]al mat]ials4 ,title ,,ii--,ab&on$ ,m9e ,reclamation ,sec4 #bja4 ,%ort title4 ,sec4 #bjb4 ,def9itions & ref]5ces4 ,subtitle ,a--,h>drock ,m9+ ,reclamation ,sec4 #baa4 ,displac$ mat]ial reclamation fee4 ,sec4 #bab4 ,fees adju/m5ts4 ,subtitle ,b--,ab&on$ ,m9e ,cleanup ,fund ,sec4 #bba4 ,e/abli%m5t ( fund4 ,sec4 #bbb4 ,use & objectives ( ! fund4 ,sec4 #bbc4 ,eligible l&s & wat]s4 ,subtitle ,c--,adm9i/rative ,provisions ,sec4 #bca4 ,effective date4 ,sec4 #bcb4 ,fees adju/m5ts4 ,sec4 #bcc4 ,inspection & monitor+4 ,sec4 #bcd4 ,regulations4 ,sec4 #bce4 ,availability ( public records4 ,i ,h>drock ,m9+ ,re=m #aja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,m9+ ,re=m & ,deficit ,r$uction ,act ( #bjac4 #ajb4 ,def9itions & ref]5ces 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,z us$ 9 ?is title3 7#a7 ,! t]m affiliate means ) respect to any p]son1 any ( ! foll[+3 7,a7 ,any p]son :o controls1 is controll$ by1 or is "u common control ) su* p]son4 7,b7 ,any p>tn] ( su* p]son4 7,c7 ,any p]son own+ at lea/ #aj p]c5t ( ! vot+ %>es ( su* p]son4 7#b7 ,! t]m applicant means any p]son apply+ = a p]mit "u ?is title or a modification to or a r5ewal ( a p]mit "u ?is title4 7#c7 ,! t]m b5eficiation means ! cru%+ & gr9d+ ( locatable m9]al ore & su* processes z are employ$ to free ! m9]al f o!r con/itu5ts1 includ+ b n necess>ily limit$ to1 physical & *emical sep>ation te*niques4 7#d7 ,! t]m casual use-- 7,a7 subject to subp>agraphs 7,b7 & 7,c71 means m9]al activities t d n ord9>ily result 9 any di/urbance ( public l&s & res\rces2 7,b7 includes collection ( geo*emical1 rock1 soil1 or m9]al specim5s us+ h&tools1 h& pann+1 or nonmotoriz$ sluic+2 & 7,c7 does n include-- 7i7 ! use ( me*aniz$ e>?-mov+ equipm5t1 suction dr$g+1 or explosives2 7ii7 ! use ( motor vehicles 9 areas clos$ to (f-road vehicles2 7iii7 ! con/ruction ( roads or drill pads2 & 7iv7 ! use ( toxic or haz>d\s mat]ials4 7#e7 ,! t]m claim hold] means a p]son hold+ a m9+ claim1 millsite claim1 or tunnel site claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) su* laws & ?is title4 ,su* t]m may include an ag5t ( a claim hold]4 7#f7 ,! t]m control means hav+ ! ability1 directly or indirectly1 to det]m9e 7)\t reg>d to :e!r ex]cis$ ?r\gh "o or m corporate /ructures7 ! mann] 9 :i* an entity conducts m9]al activities1 ?r\gh any means1 includ+ )\t limitation1 own]%ip int]e/1 au?ority to commit ! entity's real or f9ancial assets1 position z a director1 (fic]1 or p>tn] ( ! entity1 or contractual arrangem5t4 7#g7 ,! t]m exploration-- 7,a7 subject to subp>agraphs 7,b7 & 7,c71 means creat+ surface di/urbance o!r ?an casual use1 to evaluate ! type1 ext5t1 quantity1 or quality ( m9]als pres5t2 7,b7 includes m9]al activities associat$ ) sampl+1 drill+1 & analyz+ locatable m9]al values2 & 7,c7 does n include extraction ( m9]al mat]ial = comm]cial use or sale4 7#h7 ,! t]m ,f$]al l& means any l&1 & any int]e/ 9 l&1 t is own$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & op5 to location ( m9+ claims "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & subtitle ,b ( ?is title4 7#i7 ,! t]m ,indian l&s means l&s held 9 tru/ = ! b5efit ( an ,indian tribe or individual or held by an ,indian tribe or individual subject to a re/riction by ! ,unit$ ,/ates aga9/ ali5ation4 7#aj7 ,! t]m ,indian tribe means any ,indian tribe1 b&1 nation1 pueblo1 or o!r organiz$ gr\p or community1 includ+ any ,alaska ,native village or regional corporation z def9$ 9 or e/abli%$ pursuant to ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq471 t is recogniz$ z eligible = ! special programs & s]vices provid$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ,indians because ( _! /atus z ,indians4 7#aa7 ,! t]m locatable m9]al-- 7,a7 subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 means any m9]al1 ! legal & b5eficial title to :i* rema9s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & t is n subject to disposition "u any (-- 7i7 ! ,m9]al ,leas+ ,act 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #aha et seq472 7ii7 ! ,geo!rmal ,/eam ,act ( #aigj 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ajja et seq472 7iii7 ! ,act ( ,july #ca1 #aidg1 commonly kn[n z ! ,mat]ials ,act ( #aidg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fja et seq472 or 7iv7 ! ,m9]al ,leas+ = ,acquir$ ,l&s ,act 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #cea et seq472 & 7,b7 does n include any m9]al t is subject to a re/riction aga9/ ali5ation impos$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates & is-- 7i7 held 9 tru/ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates = any ,indian or ,indian tribe1 z def9$ 9 section #b ( ! ,indian ,m9]al ,developm5t ,act ( #aihb 7#be ,u4,s4,c4 #baja72 or 7ii7 own$ by any ,indian or ,indian tribe1 z def9$ 9 t section4 7#ab7 ,! t]m m9]al activities means any activity on a m9+ claim1 millsite claim1 or tunnel site claim =1 relat$ to1 or incid5tal to1 m9]al exploration1 m9+1 b5eficiation1 process+1 or reclamation activities = any locatable m9]al4 7#ac7 ,! t]m m9+ claim-- 7,a7 subject to subp>agraph 7,b71 means a claim locat$ "u ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb )9 ! b\nd>ies ( :i* exi/ locatable m9]als ! claimant int5ds to extract2 7,b7 does n include a claim locat$ = ! purpose ( secur+ ,f$]al l&s = a wa/e rock dump1 tail+s pile1 or o!r purposes incid5t to process+ locatable m9]als extract$ else:]e4 7#ad7 ,! t]m ,national ,cons]vation ,sy/em unit means any unit ( ! ,national ,p>k ,sy/em1 ,national ,wildlife ,refuge ,sy/em1 ,national ,wild & ,sc5ic ,riv]s ,sy/em1 or ,national ,trails ,sy/em1 or a ,national ,cons]vation ,area1 a ,national ,recreation ,area1 a ,national ,monum5t1 or any unit ( ! ,national ,wild]ness ,pres]vation ,sy/em4 7#ae7 ,! t]m op]ator means any p]son propos+ or au?oriz$ by a p]mit issu$ "u ?is title to conduct m9]al activities & any ag5t ( su* p]son4 7#af7 ,! t]m p]son means an individual1 ,indian tribe1 p>tn]%ip1 association1 society1 jo9t v5ture1 jo9t /ock company1 firm1 company1 corporation1 coop]ative1 or o!r organization & any in/rum5tality ( ,/ate or local gov]nm5t includ+ any publicly own$ utility or publicly own$ corporation ( ,/ate or local gov]nm5t4 7#ag7 ,! t]m process+ means processes d[n/ream ( b5eficiation employ$ to prep>e locatable m9]al ore into ! f9al m>ketable product1 includ+ smelt+ & electrolytic ref9+4 7#ah7 ,! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 unless o!rwise specifi$4 7#ai7 ,! t]m tempor>y cessation means a halt 9 m9e-relat$ production activities = a cont9u\s p]iod ( no long] ?an #e ye>s4 7#bj7 ,! t]m undue degradation means1 bas$ on consid]ation ( o!r res\rce values t may be affect$1 ! op]ation or propos$ op]ation fails to comply ) ! p]=mance /&>ds 9 ?is title or c reasonably be expect$ to cause significant environm5tal h>m to wildlife2 l&1 air1 or wat] res\rces2 or sci5tific or cultural res\rces4 7#ba7 ,! t]m valid exi/+ rights means a m9+ claim or millsite claim locat$ on l&s describ$ 9 section #aba7;b71 t-- 7,a7 0 prop]ly locat$ & ma9ta9$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act2 7,b7 0 support$ by a discov]y ( a valuable m9]al deposit )9 ! mean+ ( ! g5]al m9+ laws on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 &1 = millsite claims1 does n involve m ?an "o mill site = e m9+ claim locat$ = t op]ation2 & 7,c7 cont9ues to be valid "u ?is title4 7b7 ,ref]5ces to o!r laws 7#a7 ,any ref]5ce 9 ?is title to ! t]m g5]al m9+ laws is a ref]5ce to ^? ,acts t g5]ally comprise *apt]s #b1 #ab;,a1 & #af1 & sections #afa & #afb1 ( title #cj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#b7 ,any ref]5ce 9 ?is title to ! ,act ( ,july #bc1 #aiee1 is a ref]5ce to ! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to am5d ! ,act ( ,july #ca1 #aidg 7#fa ,/at4 #fha7 & ! m9+ laws to provide = multiple use ( ! surface ( ! same tracts ( ! public l&s1 & = o!r purposes 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fja et seq474 #ajc4 ,application rules 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,?is title applies to any m9+ claim1 millsite claim1 or tunnel site claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws1 be=e1 on1 or aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 except z provid$ 9 subsection 7b74 7b7 ,preexi/+ claims 7#a7 ,any unpat5t$ m9+ claim or millsite claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act = :i* a plan ( op]ation has n be5 approv$ or a notice fil$ prior to ! date ( enactm5t %all1 ^u ! effective date ( ?is title1 be subject to ! requirem5ts ( ?is title1 except z provid$ 9 p>agraphs 7#b7 & 7#c74 7#b7 7,a7 ,if a plan ( op]ations is approv$ = m9]al activities on any claim or site ref]r$ to 9 p>agraph 7#a7 prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act b su* op]ations h n comm5c$ prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act-- 7i7 dur+ ! #e-ye> p]iod beg9n+ on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 m9]al activities at su* claim or site %all be subject to su* plan ( op]ations2 7ii7 dur+ su* #e-ye> p]iod1 modifications ( any su* plan may be made 9 accordance ) ! provisions ( law applicable prior to ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act if su* modifications are deem$ m9or by ! ,secret>y conc]n$2 & 7iii7 ! op]ator %all br+ su* m9]al activities into compliance ) ?is title by ! end ( su* #e-ye> p]iod4 7,b7 ,:]e an application = modification ( a plan ( op]ations ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraph 7,a77ii7 has be5 timely submitt$ & an approv$ plan expires prior to ,secret>ial action on ! application1 m9]al activities & reclamation may cont9ue 9 accordance ) ! t]ms ( ! expir$ plan until ! ,secret>y makes an adm9i/rative decision on ! application4 7c7 ,f$]al l&s subject to exi/+ p]mit 7#a7 ,any ,f$]al l& %all be subject to ! requirem5ts ( section #aab7;a77#b7 if ! l& is-- 7,a7 subject to an op]ations p]mit2 & 7,b7 produc+ valuable locatable m9]als 9 comm]cial quantities prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 7#b7 ,any ,f$]al l& add$ ?r\gh a plan modification to an op]ations p]mit on ,f$]al l& t is submitt$ aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all be subject to ! t]ms ( section #aab7;a77#c74 7d7 ,application ( title to b5eficiation & process+ ( non-,f$]al m9]als on ,f$]al l&s ,! provisions ( ?is title 7includ+ ! environm5tal protection requirem5ts ( subtitle ,c7 %all apply 9 ! same mann] & to ! same ext5t to m9+ claims1 millsite claims1 & tunnel site claims us$ = b5eficiation or process+ activities or activities relat$ to1 or incid5tal to1 su* m9]al activities = any m9]al )\t reg>d to :e!r or n ! legal & b5eficial title to ! m9]al is held by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is subsection applies only to m9]als t are locatable m9]als or m9]als t w\ld be locatable m9]als if ! legal & b5eficial title to su* m9]als 7 held by ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,a ,m9]al ,exploration & ,developm5t #aaa4 ,royalty 7a7 ,res]vation ( royalty 7#a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to p>agraph 7#b71 production ( all locatable m9]als f any m9+ claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) ?is title1 or m9]al conc5trates or products d]iv$ f locatable m9]als f any su* m9+ claim1 z ! case may be1 %all be subject to a royalty ( #ab4e p]c5t ( ! gross income f m9+4 ,! claim hold] or any op]ator to :om ! claim hold] has assign$ ! obligation to make royalty paym5ts "u ! claim & any p]son :o controls su* claim hold] or op]ator %all be liable = paym5t ( su* royalties4 7#b7 ,f$]al l& add$ to exi/+ op]ations p]mit ,any ,f$]al l& add$ ?r\gh a plan modification to an op]ations p]mit t is submitt$ aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all be subject to ! royalty t applies to ,f$]al l& "u p>agraph 7#a74 7#c7 ,deposit ,am\nts receiv$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z royalties "u ?is subsection %all be deposit$ into ! ,treasury4 7b7 ,duties ( claim hold]s1 op]ators1 & transport]s 7#a7 ,a p]son-- 7,a7 :o is requir$ to make any royalty paym5t "u ?is section %all make su* paym5ts to ! ,unit$ ,/ates at su* times & 9 su* mann] z ! ,secret>y may by rule prescribe2 & 7,b7 %all notify ! ,secret>y1 9 ! "t & mann] z may be specifi$ by ! ,secret>y1 ( any assignm5t t su* p]son may h made ( ! obligation to make any royalty or o!r paym5t "u a m9+ claim4 7#b7 ,any p]son pay+ royalties "u ?is section %all file a writt5 in/rum5t1 toge!r ) ! fir/ royalty paym5t1 affirm+ t su* p]son is responsible = mak+ prop] paym5ts = all am\nts due = all "t p]iods = :i* su* p]son has a paym5t responsibility4 ,su* responsibility = ! p]iods ref]r$ to 9 ! prec$+ s5t5ce %all include any & all additional am\nts bill$ by ! ,secret>y & det]m9$ to be due by f9al ag5cy or judicial action4 ,any p]son liable = royalty paym5ts "u ?is section :o assigns any paym5t obligation %all rema9 jo9tly & sev]ally liable = all royalty paym5ts due = ! claim = ! p]iod4 7#c7 ,a p]son conduct+ m9]al activities %all-- 7,a7 develop & comply ) ! site security provisions 9 ! op]ations p]mit design$ to protect f !ft ! locatable m9]als1 conc5trates or products d]iv$ !refrom :i* are produc$ or /or$ on a m9+ claim1 & su* provisions %all con=m ) su* m9imum /&>ds z ! ,secret>y may prescribe by rule1 tak+ into acc\nt ! v>iety ( circum/ances on m9+ claims2 & 7,b7 n lat] ?an ! #e? bus9ess day aft] production beg9s any:]e on a m9+ claim1 or production resumes aft] m ?an #ij days aft] production 0 susp5d$1 notify ! ,secret>y1 9 ! mann] prescrib$ by ! ,secret>y1 ( ! date on :i* su* production has begun or resum$4 7#d7 ,! ,secret>y may by rule require any p]son engag$ 9 transport+ a locatable m9]al1 conc5trate1 or product d]iv$ !re f to c>ry on 8 or h] p]son1 9 8 or h] vehicle1 or 9 8 or h] imm$iate control1 docum5tation %[+1 at a m9imum1 ! am\nt1 orig91 & int5d$ de/9ation ( ! locatable m9]al1 conc5trate1 or product d]iv$ !re f 9 su* circum/ances z ! ,secret>y det]m9es is appropriate4 7c7 ,recordkeep+ & report+ requirem5ts 7#a7 ,a claim hold]1 op]ator1 or o!r p]son directly involv$ 9 develop+1 produc+1 process+1 transport+1 pur*as+1 or sell+ locatable m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom1 subject to ?is title1 ?r\gh ! po9t ( royalty computation %all e/abli% & ma9ta9 any records1 make any reports1 & provide any in=mation t ! ,secret>y may reasonably require = ! purposes ( implem5t+ ?is section or det]m9+ compliance ) rules or ord]s "u ?is section4 ,su* records %all include1 b n be limit$ to1 p]iodic reports1 records1 docum5ts1 & o!r data4 ,su* reports may also include1 b n be limit$ to1 p]t95t te*nical & f9ancial data relat+ to ! quantity1 quality1 composition volume1 weight1 & assay ( all m9]als extract$ f ! m9+ claim4 ,^u ! reque/ ( any (fic] or employee duly designat$ by ! ,secret>y conduct+ an audit or inve/igation pursuant to ?is section1 ! appropriate records1 reports1 or in=mation t may be requir$ by ?is section %all be made available = inspection & duplication by su* (fic] or employee4 ,failure by a claim hold]1 op]ator1 or o!r p]son ref]r$ to 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce to coop]ate ) su* an audit1 provide data requir$ by ! ,secret>y1 or grant access to in=mation may1 at ! discretion ( ! ,secret>y1 result 9 involunt>y =feiture ( ! claim4 7#b7 ,records requir$ by ! ,secret>y "u ?is section %all be ma9ta9$ = #g ye>s aft] release ( f9ancial assurance "u section #acf unless ! ,secret>y notifies ! op]ator t ! ,secret>y has initiat$ an audit or inve/igation involv+ su* records & t su* records mu/ be ma9ta9$ = a long] p]iod4 ,9 any case :5 an audit or inve/igation is und]way1 records %all be ma9ta9$ until ! ,secret>y releases ! op]ator ( ! obligation to ma9ta9 su* records4 7d7 ,audits ,! ,secret>y is au?oriz$ to conduct su* audits ( all claim hold]s1 op]ators1 transport]s1 pur*as]s1 processors1 or o!r p]sons directly or indirectly involv$ 9 ! production or sales ( m9]als cov]$ by ?is title1 z ! ,secret>y deems necess>y = ! purposes ( ensur+ compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is section4 ,= purposes ( p]=m+ su* audits1 ! ,secret>y %all1 at reasonable times & ^u reque/1 h access to1 & may copy1 all books1 pap]s & o!r docum5ts t relate to compliance ) any provision ( ?is section by any p]son4 7e7 ,coop]ative agreem5ts 7#a7 ,! ,secret>y is au?oriz$ to ent] into coop]ative agreem5ts ) ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture to %>e in=mation conc]n+ ! royalty managem5t ( locatable m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom1 to c>ry out inspection1 audit+1 inve/igation1 or en=cem5t 7n includ+ ! collection ( royalties1 civil or crim9al p5alties1 or o!r paym5ts7 activities "u ?is section 9 coop]ation ) ! ,secret>y1 & to c>ry out any o!r activity describ$ 9 ?is section4 7#b7 ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,a7 ( ?is subsection 7relat+ to trade secrets71 & pursuant to a coop]ative agreem5t1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture %all1 ^u reque/1 h access to all royalty acc\nt+ in=mation 9 ! possession ( ! ,secret>y respect+ ! production1 removal1 or sale ( locatable m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom f claims on l&s op5 to location "u ?is title4 7#c7 ,trade secrets1 propriet>y1 & o!r confid5tial in=mation protect$ f disclosure "u section #eeb ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 popul>ly kn[n z ! ,fre$om ( ,in=mation ,act1 %all be made available by ! ,secret>y to o!r ,f$]al ag5cies z necess>y to assure compliance ) ?is title & o!r ,f$]al laws4 ,! ,secret>y1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy1 & o!r ,f$]al (ficials %all ensure t su* in=mation is provid$ protection 9 accordance ) ! requirem5ts ( t section4 7f7 ,int]e/ & sub/antial und]report+ assessm5ts 7#a7 ,9 ! case ( m9+ claims :]e royalty paym5ts are n receiv$ by ! ,secret>y on ! date t su* paym5ts are due1 ! ,secret>y %all *>ge int]e/ on su* und]paym5ts at ! same int]e/ rate z ! rate applicable "u section #ffba7;a77#b7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf4 ,9 ! case ( an und]paym5t1 int]e/ %all be comput$ & *>g$ only on ! am\nt ( ! defici5cy & n on ! total am\nt4 7#b7 ,if !re is any und]report+ ( royalty ow$ on production f a claim = any production mon? by any p]son liable = royalty paym5ts "u ?is section1 ! ,secret>y %all assess a p5alty ( n great] ?an #be p]c5t ( ! am\nt ( t und]report+4 7#c7 ,= ! purposes ( ?is subsection1 ! t]m und]report+ means ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! royalty on ! value ( ! production t %\ld h be5 report$ & ! royalty on ! value ( ! production :i* 0 report$1 if ! value t %\ld h be5 report$ is great] ?an ! value t 0 report$4 7#d7 ,! ,secret>y may waive or r$uce ! assessm5t provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is subsection if ! p]son liable = royalty paym5ts "u ?is section corrects ! und]report+ be=e ! date su* p]son receives notice f ! ,secret>y t an und]report+ may h occurr$1 or be=e #ij days aft] ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is section1 :i*ev] is lat]4 7#e7 ,! ,secret>y %all waive any portion ( an assessm5t "u p>agraph 7#b7 ( ?is subsection attributable to t portion ( ! und]report+ = :i* ! p]son responsible = pay+ ! royalty demon/rates t-- 7,a7 su* p]son _h writt5 au?orization f ! ,secret>y to report royalty on ! value ( ! production on basis on :i* x 0 report$2 7,b7 su* p]son _h sub/antial au?ority = report+ royalty on ! value ( ! production on ! basis on :i* x 0 report$2 7,c7 su* p]son previ\sly _h notifi$ ! ,secret>y1 9 su* mann] z ! ,secret>y may by rule prescribe1 ( relevant reasons or facts affect+ ! royalty treatm5t ( specific production :i* l$ to ! und]report+2 or 7,d7 su* p]son meets any o!r exception :i* ! ,secret>y may1 by rule1 e/abli%4 7g7 ,exp&$ royalty obligations ,ea* p]son liable = royalty paym5ts "u ?is section %all be jo9tly & sev]ally liable = royalty on all locatable m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom lo/ or wa/$ f a m9+ claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) ?is title :5 su* loss or wa/e is due to neglig5ce on ! "p ( any p]son or due to ! failure to comply ) any rule1 regulation1 or ord] issu$ "u ?is section4 7h7 ,gross income f m9+ def9$ ,= ! purposes ( ?is section1 = any locatable m9]al1 ! t]m gross income f m9+ has ! same mean+ z ! t]m gross income 9 section #fac7;c7 ( ! ,int]nal ,rev5ue ,code ( #aihf4 7i7 ,effective date ,! royalty "u ?is section %all take effect ) respect to ! production ( locatable m9]als aft] ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 b any royalty paym5ts attributable to production dur+ ! fir/ #ab cal5d> mon?s aft] ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all be payable at ! expiration ( su* #ab-mon? p]iod4 7j7 ,failure ,to comply ) royalty requirem5ts ,any p]son :o fails to comply ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is section or any regulation or ord] issu$ to implem5t ?is section %all be liable = a civil p5alty "u section #aji ( ! ,f$]al ,oil & ,gas ,royalty ,managem5t ,act 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #agai7 to ! same ext5t z if ! claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) ?is title 7 a lease "u t ,act4 7k7 ,use ( am\nts = deficit r$uction ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law1 any am\nts receiv$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates z royalties "u ?is section %all be deposit$ 9 ! ,treasury & us$ = ,f$]al budget deficit r$uction or1 if !re is no ,f$]al budget deficit1 = r$uc+ ! ,f$]al debt 9 su* mann] z ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury consid]s appropriate4 #aab4 ,h>drock m9+ claim ma9t5ance fee 7a7 ,fee 7#a7 ,except z provid$ 9 section #beaa7;e77#b7 ( ! ,en]gy ,policy ,act ( #aiib 7relat+ to oil %ale claims71 = ea* unpat5t$ m9+ claim1 mill or tunnel site on f$]ally own$ l&s1 :e!r locat$ be=e1 on1 or aft] enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 ea* claimant %all pay to ! ,secret>y1 on or be=e ,augu/ #ca ( ea* ye>1 a claim ma9t5ance fee ( #bjj p] claim to hold su* unpat5t$ m9+ claim1 mill or tunnel site = ! assessm5t ye> beg9n+ at noon on ! next day1 ,septemb] #a4 ,su* claim ma9t5ance fee %all be 9 lieu ( ! assessm5t "w requirem5t conta9$ 9 ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bh et seq47 & ! relat$ fil+ requirem5ts conta9$ 9 section #cad7;a7 & 7c7 ( ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agdd7;a7 & 7c774 7#b7 7,a7 ,! ,secret>y %all adju/ ! fees requir$ by ?is section to reflect *anges 9 ! ,consum] ,price ,index publi%$ by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor e #e ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 or m frequ5tly if ! ,secret>y det]m9es an adju/m5t to be reasonable4 ,! ,secret>y %all employ ! ,consum] ,price ,index = ,all-,urban ,consum]s publi%$ by ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor z ! basis = adju/m5t1 & r\nd+ accord+ to ! adju/m5t process ( conditions ( ! ,f$]al ,civil ,p5alties ,inflation ,adju/m5t ,act ( #aiij 7#ajd ,/at4 #hij74 7,b7 ,! ,secret>y %all provide claimants notice ( any adju/m5t made "u ?is p>agraph n lat] ?an ,july #a ( any ye> 9 :i* ! adju/m5t is made4 7,c7 ,a fee adju/m5t "u ?is p>agraph %all beg9 to apply ! cal5d> ye> foll[+ ! cal5d> ye> 9 :i* x is made4 7b7 ,location ,not)/&+ any provision ( law1 = e unpat5t$ m9+ claim1 mill or tunnel site locat$ aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act ! locator %all1 at ! "t ! location notice is record$ ) ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t1 pay to ! ,secret>y a location fee1 9 addition to ! fee requir$ by subsection 7a7 ( #ej p] claim4 7c7 ,co-,own]%ip ,! co-own]%ip provisions ( ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bh et seq47 w rema9 9 effect except t ! annual claim ma9t5ance fee1 :]e applicable1 %all replace applicable assessm5t requirem5ts & exp5ditures4 7d7 ,failure ,to pay ,failure to pay ! claim ma9t5ance fee z requir$ by subsection 7a7 %all conclusively con/itute a =feiture ( ! unpat5t$ m9+ claim1 mill or tunnel site by ! claimant & ! claim %all be deem$ null & void by op]ation ( law4 7e7 ,o!r requirem5ts 7#a7 ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all *ange or modify ! requirem5ts ( section #cad7;b7 ( ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agdd7;b771 or ! requirem5ts ( section #cad7;c7 ( ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agdd7;c77 relat$ to fil+s requir$ by section #cad7;b71 :i* rema9 9 effect4 7#b7 ,section #bcbd ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bh7 is am5d$ by ins]t+ or section #ajc7;a7 ( ! ,m9+ ,re=m & ,deficit ,r$uction ,act ( #bjac aft] ,act ( #aiic14 #aac4 ,effect ( paym5ts = use & occupancy ( claims ,timely paym5t ( ! claim ma9t5ance fee requir$ by section #aab ( ?is title or any relat$ law relat+ to ! use ( ,f$]al l&1 pres]ves ! claimant's ability to use & occupy ! ,f$]al l& conc]n$ = prospect+ & exploration1 consi/5t ) & subject to ! requirem5ts ( ?is title & o!r applicable law4 #aad4 ,limitation on pat5ts 7a7 ,m9+ claims 7#a7 ,det]m9ations requir$ ,aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 no pat5t %all be issu$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates = any m9+ claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws unless ! ,secret>y det]m9es t1 = ! claim conc]n$-- 7,a7 a pat5t application 0 fil$ ) ! ,secret>y on or be=e ,septemb] #cj1 #aiid2 & 7,b7 all requirem5ts e/abli%$ "u sections #bcbe & #bcbf ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bi & #cj7 = ve9 or lode claims & sections #bcbi1 #bccj1 #bcca1 & #bccc ( ! ,revis$ ,/atutes 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ce1 #cf1 & #cg7 = plac] claims 7 fully compli$ ) by t date4 7#b7 ,"r to pat5t ,if ! ,secret>y makes ! det]m9ations ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 ( p>agraph 7#a7 = any m9+ claim1 ! hold] ( ! claim %all be entitl$ to ! issuance ( a pat5t 9 ! same mann] & degree to :i* su* claim hold] w\ld h be5 entitl$ to prior to ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 unless & until su* det]m9ations are )drawn or invalidat$ by ! ,secret>y or by a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7b7 ,millsite claims 7#a7 ,det]m9ations requir$ ,aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 no pat5t %all be issu$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates = any millsite claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws unless ! ,secret>y det]m9es t = ! millsite conc]n$-- 7,a7 a pat5t application = su* l& 0 fil$ ) ! ,secret>y on or be=e ,septemb] #cj1 #aiid2 & 7,b7 all requirem5ts applicable to su* pat5t application 7 fully compli$ ) by t date4 7#b7 ,"r to pat5t ,if ! ,secret>y makes ! det]m9ations ref]r$ to 9 subp>agraphs 7,a7 & 7,b7 ( p>agraph 7#a7 = any millsite claim1 ! hold] ( ! claim %all be entitl$ to ! issuance ( a pat5t 9 ! same mann] & degree to :i* su* claim hold] w\ld h be5 entitl$ to prior to ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 unless & until su* det]m9ations are )drawn or invalidat$ by ! ,secret>y or by a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,b ,protection ( ,special ,places #aba4 ,l&s op5 to location 7a7 ,l&s op5 to location ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7b71 m9+ claims may be locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws only on su* l&s & int]e/s z 7 op5 to ! location ( m9+ claims "u ! g5]al m9+ laws imm$iately be=e ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 7b7 ,l&s n op5 to location ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law & subject to valid exi/+ rights1 ea* ( ! foll[+ %all n be op5 to ! location ( m9+ claims "u ! g5]al m9+ laws on or aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act3 7#a7 ,wild]ness /udy areas4 7#b7 ,areas ( critical environm5tal conc]n4 7#c7 ,areas designat$ = inclusion 9 ! ,national ,wild & ,sc5ic ,riv]s ,sy/em pursuant to ! ,wild & ,sc5ic ,riv]s ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #abga et seq471 areas designat$ = pot5tial addition to su* sy/em pursuant to section #e7;a7 ( t ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #abgf7;a771 & areas det]m9$ to be eligible = inclusion 9 su* sy/em pursuant to section #e7;d7 ( su* ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #abgf7;d774 7#d7 ,any area id5tifi$ 9 ! set ( inv5tori$ roadless areas maps conta9$ 9 ! ,=e/ ,s]vice ,roadless ,area ,cons]vation ,f9al ,environm5tal ,impact ,/atem5t1 ,volume #b1 dat$ ,novemb] #bjjj4 7c7 ,exi/+ au?ority n affect$ ,no?+ 9 ?is title limits ! au?ority grant$ ! ,secret>y 9 section #bjd ( ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agad7 to )draw public l&s4 #abb4 ,)drawal petitions by ,/ates1 political subdivisions1 & ,indian tribes 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,subject to valid exi/+ rights1 any ,/ate or political subdivision ( a ,/ate or an ,indian tribe may submit a petition to ! ,secret>y = ! )drawal ( a specific tract ( ,f$]al l& f ! op]ation ( ! g5]al m9+ laws1 9 ord] to protect specific values id5tifi$ 9 ! petition t are important to ! ,/ate or political subdivision or ,indian tribe4 ,su* values may include ! value ( a wat]%$ to supply dr9k+ wat]1 wildlife habitat value1 cultural or hi/oric res\rces1 or value = sc5ic vi/as important to ! local economy1 & o!r simil> values4 ,9 ! case ( an ,indian tribe1 ! petition may also id5tify religi\s or cultural values t are important to ! ,indian tribe4 ,! petition %all conta9 ! in=mation requir$ by section #bjd ( ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agad74 7b7 ,consid]ation ( petition ,! ,secret>y-- 7#a7 %all solicit public comm5t on ! petition2 7#b7 %all make a f9al decision on ! petition )9 #ahj days aft] receiv+ x2 & 7#c7 %all grant ! petition subject to valid exi/+ rights1 unless ! ,secret>y makes & publi%es 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] specific f9d+s :y a decision to grant ! petition w\ld be aga9/ ! national int]e/4 ,c ,environm5tal ,consid]ations ( ,m9]al ,exploration & ,developm5t #aca4 ,g5]al /&>d = h>drock m9+ on ,f$]al l& ,not)/&+ section #cjb7;b7 ( ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agcb7;b771 ! fir/ section ( ! ,act ( ,june #d1 #ahig 7*apt] #b2 #cj ,/at4 #cf #af ,u4,s4,c4 #dgh71 & ! ,national ,=e/ ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #afjj et seq471 & 9 accordance ) ?is subtitle & applicable law1 unless expressly /at$ o!rwise 9 ?is title1 ! ,secret>y-- 7#a7 %all ensure t m9]al activities on any ,f$]al l& t is subject to a m9+ claim1 millsite claim1 or tunnel site claim is c>efully controll$ to prev5t undue degradation ( public l&s & res\rces2 & 7#b7 %all n grant p]mission to engage 9 m9]al activities if ! ,secret>y1 aft] consid]+ ! evid5ce1 det]m9es t undue degradation w\ld result f su* activities4 #acb4 ,p]mits 7a7 ,p]mits requir$ ,no p]son may engage 9 m9]al activities on ,f$]al l& t may cause a di/urbance ( surface res\rces1 includ+ l&1 air1 gr\nd wat] & surface wat]1 & fi% & wildlife1 unless-- 7#a7 ! claim 0 prop]ly locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) su* laws & ?is title2 & 7#b7 a p]mit 0 issu$ to su* p]son "u ?is subtitle au?oriz+ su* activities4 7b7 ,negligible di/urbance ,not)/&+ subsection 7a77#b71 a p]mit "u ?is subtitle %all n be requir$ = m9]al activities t are a casual use ( ! ,f$]al l&4 7c7 ,coord9ation ) ,,nepa process ,! ,secret>y & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture %all conduct ! p]mit processes "u ?is title 9 coord9ation ) ! tim+ & o!r requirem5ts "u section #ajb ( ! ,national ,environm5tal ,policy ,act ( #aifi 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #dccb74 #acc4 ,exploration p]mit 7a7 ,au?oriz$ exploration activity ,any claim hold] may apply = an exploration p]mit = any m9+ claim au?oriz+ ! claim hold] to remove a reasonable am\nt ( ! locatable m9]als f ! claim = analysis1 /udy & te/+4 ,su* p]mit %all n au?orize ! claim hold] to remove any m9]al = sale nor to conduct any activities o!r ?an ^? requir$ = exploration = locatable m9]als & reclamation4 7b7 ,p]mit ,application requirem5ts ,an application = an exploration p]mit "u ?is section %all be submitt$ 9 a mann] satisfactory to ! ,secret>y or1 = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 & %all conta9 an exploration plan1 a reclamation plan = ! propos$ exploration1 & su* docum5tation z necess>y to ensure compliance ) applicable ,f$]al & ,/ate environm5tal laws & regulations4 7c7 ,reclamation plan requirem5ts ,! reclamation plan requir$ to be includ$ 9 a p]mit application "u subsection 7b7 %all include su* provisions z may be jo9tly prescrib$ by ! ,secret>y & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture4 7d7 ,p]mit issuance or d5ial ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all issue an exploration p]mit pursuant to an application "u ?is section unless su* ,secret>y makes any ( ! foll[+ det]m9ations3 7#a7 ,! p]mit application1 ! exploration plan & reclamation plan are n complete & accurate4 7#b7 ,! applicant has n demon/rat$ t propos$ reclamation c be accompli%$4 7#c7 ,! propos$ exploration activities & condition ( ! l& aft] ! completion ( exploration activities & f9al reclamation w\ld n con=m ) ! l& use plan applicable to ! area subject to m9]al activities4 7#d7 ,! area subject to ! propos$ p]mit is includ$ )9 an area n op5 to location "u section #aba4 7#e7 ,! applicant has n demon/rat$ t ! exploration plan & reclamation plan w be 9 compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title & all o!r applicable ,f$]al requirem5ts1 & any ,/ate requirem5ts agre$ to by ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior 7or ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 z appropriate74 7#f7 ,! applicant has n demon/rat$ t ! requirem5ts ( section #acf 7relat+ to f9ancial assurance7 w be met4 7#g7 ,! applicant is ineligible to receive a p]mit z det]m9$ "u section #ace4 7e7 ,t]m ( p]mit ,an exploration p]mit %all be = a /at$ t]m4 ,! t]m %all be no great] ?an t necess>y to accompli% ! propos$ exploration1 & 9 no case = m ?an #aj ye>s4 7f7 ,p]mit modification ,dur+ ! t]m ( an exploration p]mit1 ! p]mit hold] may submit an application to modify ! p]mit4 ,to approve a propos$ modification to ! p]mit1 ! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all make ! same det]m9ations z are requir$ 9 ! case ( an orig9al p]mit1 except t ! ,secret>y & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture may specify by jo9t rule ! ext5t to :i* requirem5ts = initial exploration p]mits "u ?is section %all apply to applications to modify an exploration p]mit bas$ on :e!r su* modifications are deem$ significant or m9or4 7g7 ,transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale ( rights 7#a7 ,no transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale ( rights grant$ by a p]mit issu$ "u ?is section %all be made )\t ! prior writt5 approval ( ! ,secret>y or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture4 7#b7 ,su* ,secret>y %all all[ a p]son hold+ a p]mit to transf]1 assign1 or sell rights "u ! p]mit to a successor1 if ! ,secret>y f9ds1 9 writ+1 t ! successor-- 7,a7 is eligible to receive a p]mit 9 accordance ) section #acd7;d72 7,b7 has submitt$ evid5ce ( f9ancial assurance satisfactory "u section #acf2 & 7,c7 meets any o!r requirem5ts specifi$ by ! ,secret>y4 7#c7 ,! successor 9 int]e/ %all assume ! liability & reclamation responsibilities e/abli%$ by ! exi/+ p]mit & %all conduct ! m9]al activities 9 full compliance ) ?is title1 & ! t]ms & conditions ( ! p]mit z 9 effect at ! "t ( transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale4 7#d7 ,ea* application = approval ( a p]mit transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale pursuant to ?is subsection %all be accompani$ by a fee payable to ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior 9 su* am\nt z may be e/abli%$ by su* ,secret>y4 ,su* am\nt %all be equal to ! actual or anticipat$ co/ to ! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 z appropriate1 ( review+ & approv+ or disapprov+ su* transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale1 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior4 #acd4 ,op]ations p]mit 7a7 ,op]ations p]mit 7#a7 ,any claim hold] t is 9 compliance ) ! g5]al m9+ laws & section #aac ( ?is title may apply to ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 = an op]ations p]mit au?oriz+ ! claim hold] to c>ry out m9]al activities1 o!r ?an casual use1 on-- 7,a7 any valid m9+ claim1 valid millsite claim1 or valid tunnel site claim2 & 7,b7 su* additional ,f$]al l& z ! ,secret>y may det]m9e is necess>y to conduct ! propos$ m9]al activities1 if ! op]ator obta9s a "r-(-way p]mit = use ( su* additional l&s "u title ,v ( ! ,f$]al ,l& ,policy & ,managem5t ,act ( #aigf 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #agfa et seq47 & agrees to pay all fees requir$ "u t title = ! p]mit "u t title4 7#b7 ,if ! ,secret>y decides to issue su* p]mit1 ! p]mit %all include su* t]ms & conditions z prescrib$ by su* ,secret>y to c>ry out ?is subtitle4 7b7 ,p]mit ,application requirem5ts ,an application = an op]ations p]mit "u ?is section %all be submitt$ 9 a mann] satisfactory to ! ,secret>y conc]n$ & %all conta9 site *>act]ization data1 an op]ations plan1 a reclamation plan1 monitor+ plans1 long-t]m ma9t5ance plans1 to ! ext5t necess>y1 & su* docum5tation z necess>y to ensure compliance ) applicable ,f$]al & ,/ate environm5tal laws & regulations4 ,if ! propos$ m9]al activities w be c>ri$ out 9 conjunction ) m9]al activities on adjac5t non-,f$]al l&s1 in=mation on ! location & nature ( su* op]ations may be requir$ by ! ,secret>y4 7c7 ,p]mit issuance or d5ial 7#a7 ,aft] provid+ = public p>ticipation pursuant to subsection 7i71 ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all issue an op]ations p]mit if su* ,secret>y makes ea* ( ! foll[+ det]m9ations 9 writ+1 & %all d5y a p]mit if su* ,secret>y f9ds t ! application & applicant d n fully meet ! foll[+ requirem5ts3 7,a7 ,! p]mit application1 includ+ ! site *>act]ization data1 op]ations plan1 & reclamation plan1 are complete & accurate & suffici5t = develop+ a good und]/&+ ( ! anticipat$ impacts ( ! m9]al activities & ! effectiv5ess ( propos$ mitigation & control4 7,b7 ,! applicant has demon/rat$ t ! propos$ reclamation 9 ! op]ation & reclamation plan c be & is likely to be accompli%$ by ! applicant & w n cause undue degradation4 7,c7 ,! condition ( ! l&1 includ+ ! fi% & wildlife res\rces & habitat conta9$ !reon1 aft] ! completion ( m9]al activities & f9al reclamation1 w con=m to ! l& use plan applicable to ! area subject to m9]al activities & are return$ to a productive use4 7,d7 ,! area subject to ! propos$ plan is op5 to location = ! types ( m9]al activities propos$4 7,e7 ,! propos$ op]ation has be5 design$ to prev5t mat]ial damage to ! hydrologic balance4 7,f7 ,! applicant w fully comply ) ! requirem5ts ( section #acf 7relat+ to f9ancial assurance7 prior to ! initiation ( op]ations4 7,g7 ,nei!r ! applicant nor op]ator1 nor any subsidi>y1 affiliate1 or p]son controll$ by or "u common control ) ! applicant or op]ator1 is ineligible to receive a p]mit "u section #ace4 7,h7 ,! reclamation plan demon/rates t #aj ye>s foll[+ m9e closure1 no treatm5t ( surface or gr\nd wat] w be requir$ to meet wat] quality /&>ds at ! po9t ( dis*>ge4 7#b7 ,) respect to any activities specifi$ 9 ! reclamation plan ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7b7 t con/itutes a removal or rem$ial action "u section #aja ( ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifja et seq471 ! ,secret>y %all consult ) ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy prior to ! issuance ( an op]ations p]mit4 ,! ,adm9i/rator %all ensure t ! reclamation plan does n require activities t w\ld increase ! co/s or likelihood ( removal or rem$ial actions "u ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifja et seq47 or corrective actions "u ! ,solid ,wa/e ,disposal ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #fija et seq474 7d7 ,t]m ( p]mit2 r5ewal 7#a7 ,an op]ations p]mit-- 7,a7 %all be = a t]m t is no long] ?an ! %ort] (-- 7i7 ! p]iod necess>y to accompli% ! propos$ m9]al activities subject to ! p]mit2 & 7ii7 #bj ye>s2 & 7,b7 %all be r5ew$ = an additional #bj-ye> p]iod if ! op]ation is 9 compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title & o!r applicable law4 7#b7 ,failure by ! op]ator to comm5ce m9]al activities )9 #b ye>s ( ! date s*$ul$ 9 an op]ations p]mit %all require a modification ( ! p]mit if ! ,secret>y conc]n$ det]m9es t modifications are necess>y to comply ) section #aba4 7e7 ,p]mit modification 7#a7 ,dur+ ! t]m ( an op]ations p]mit ! op]ator may submit an application to modify ! p]mit 7includ+ ! op]ations plan or reclamation plan1 or bo?74 7#b7 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 may1 at any "t1 require reasonable modification to any op]ations plan or reclamation plan ^u a det]m9ation t ! requirem5ts ( ?is title _c be met if ! plan is foll[$ z approv$4 ,su* det]m9ation %all be bas$ on a writt5 f9d+ & subject to public notice & he>+ requirem5ts e/abli%$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$4 7#c7 ,a p]mit modification is requir$ be=e *anges are made to ! approv$ plan ( op]ations1 or if unanticipat$ ev5ts or conditions exi/ on ! m9e site1 includ+ 9 ! case (-- 7,a7 developm5t ( acid or toxic dra9age2 7,b7 loss ( spr+s or wat] supplies2 7,c7 wat] quantity1 wat] quality1 or o!r result+ wat] impacts t are significantly diff]5t ?an ^? pr$ict$ 9 ! application2 7,d7 ! ne$ = long-t]m wat] treatm5t2 7,e7 significant reclamation difficulties or reclamation failure2 7,f7 ! discov]y ( significant sci5tific1 cultural1 or biological res\rces t 7 n address$ 9 ! orig9al plan2 or 7,g7 ! discov]y ( haz>ds to public safety4 7f7 ,tempor>y cessation ( op]ations 7#a7 ,an op]ator conduct+ m9]al activities "u an op]ations p]mit 9 effect "u ?is subtitle may n tempor>ily cease m9]al activities = a p]iod great] ?an #ahj days unless ! ,secret>y conc]n$ has approv$ su* tempor>y cessation or unless ! tempor>y cessation is p]mitt$ "u ! orig9al p]mit4 ,any op]ator tempor>ily ceas+ m9]al activities = a p]iod great] ?an #ij days "u an op]ations p]mit issu$ be=e ! date ( ! enactm5t ( ?is ,act %all submit1 be=e ! expiration ( su* #ij-;day p]iod1 a complete application = tempor>y cessation ( op]ations to ! ,secret>y conc]n$ = approval unless ! tempor>y cessation is p]mitt$ "u ! orig9al p]mit4 7#b7 ,an application = approval ( tempor>y cessation ( op]ations %all include su* in=mation requir$ "u subsection 7b7 & any o!r provisions prescrib$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$ to m9imize impacts on ! environm5t4 ,aft] receipt ( a complete application = tempor>y cessation ( op]ations su* ,secret>y %all conduct an inspection ( ! area = :i* tempor>y cessation ( op]ations has be5 reque/$4 7#c7 ,to approve an application = tempor>y cessation ( op]ations1 ! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all make ea* ( ! foll[+ det]m9ations3 7,a7 ,a det]m9ation t ! me?ods = secur+ surface facilities & re/rict+ access to ! p]mit area1 or relevant portions !re(1 w effectively ensure aga9/ haz>ds to ! heal? & safety ( ! public & fi% & wildlife4 7,b7 ,a det]m9ation t reclamation is 9 compliance ) ! approv$ reclamation plan1 except 9 ^? areas specifically designat$ 9 ! application = tempor>y cessation ( op]ations = :i* a delay 9 meet+ su* /&>ds is necess>y to facilitate ! resumption ( op]ations4 7,c7 ,a det]m9ation t ! am\nt ( f9ancial assurance fil$ ) ! p]mit application is suffici5t to assure completion ( ! reclamation activities id5tifi$ 9 ! approv$ reclamation plan 9 ! ev5t ( =feiture4 7,d7 ,a det]m9ation t any out/&+ notices ( violation & cessation ord]s incurr$ 9 connection ) ! plan = :i* tempor>y cessation is be+ reque/$ are ei!r /ay$ pursuant to an adm9i/rative or judicial appeal proce$+ or are 9 ! process ( be+ abat$ to ! satisfaction ( ! ,secret>y conc]n$4 7g7 ,p]mit reviews ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all review ea* p]mit issu$ "u ?is section e #aj ye>s dur+ ! t]m ( su* p]mit1 %all provide public notice ( ! p]mit review1 &1 bas$ ^u a writt5 f9d+1 su* ,secret>y %all require ! op]ator to take su* actions z ! ,secret>y deems necess>y to assure t m9]al activities con=m to ! p]mit1 includ+ adju/m5t ( f9ancial assurance requirem5ts4 7h7 ,transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale ( rights 7#a7 ,no transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale ( rights grant$ by a p]mit "u ?is section %all be made )\t ! prior writt5 approval ( ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture4 7#b7 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 may all[ a p]son hold+ a p]mit to transf]1 assign1 or sell rights "u ! p]mit to a successor1 if su* ,secret>y f9ds1 9 writ+1 t ! successor-- 7,a7 has submitt$ in=mation requir$ & is eligible to receive a p]mit 9 accordance ) section #ace2 7,b7 has submitt$ evid5ce ( f9ancial assurance satisfactory "u section #acf2 & 7,c7 meets any o!r requirem5ts specifi$ by su* ,secret>y4 7#c7 ,! successor 9 int]e/ %all assume reclamation & o!r responsibilities e/abli%$ by ! exi/+ p]mit & %all conduct ! m9]al activities 9 full compliance ) ?is title1 & ! t]ms & conditions ( ! p]mit z 9 effect at ! "t ( transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale4 7#d7 ,ea* application = approval ( a p]mit transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale pursuant to ?is subsection %all be accompani$ by a fee payable to ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 9 su* am\nt z may be e/abli%$ by su* ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 by ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture4 ,su* am\nt %all be equal to ! actual or anticipat$ co/ to ! ,secret>y or1 = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 to ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 ( review+ & approv+ or disapprov+ su* transf]1 assignm5t1 or sale1 z det]m9$ by su* ,secret>y4 7i7 ,public p>ticipation ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture %all jo9tly promulgate regulations to ensure transp>5cy & public p>ticipation 9 p]mit decisions requir$ "u ?is title1 consi/5t ) any requirem5ts t apply to su* decisions "u section #ajb ( ! ,national ,environm5tal ,policy ,act ( #aifi 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #dccb74 #ace4 ,p]sons ineligible = p]mits 7a7 ,curr5t violations ,unless corrective action has be5 tak5 9 accordance ) subsection 7c71 no p]mit "u ?is subtitle %all be issu$ or transf]r$ to an applicant if ! applicant or any ag5t ( ! applicant1 ! op]ator 7if diff]5t ?an ! applicant7 ( ! claim conc]n$1 any claim hold] 7if diff]5t ?an ! applicant7 ( ! claim conc]n$1 or any affiliate or (fic] or director ( ! applicant is curr5tly 9 violation ( any ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,a provision ( ?is title or any regulation "u ?is title4 7#b7 ,an applicable ,/ate or ,f$]al toxic sub/ance1 solid wa/e1 air1 wat] quality1 or fi% & wildlife cons]vation law or regulation at any site :]e m9+1 b5eficiation1 or process+ activities are occurr+ or h occurr$4 7#c7 ,! ,surface ,m9+ ,control & ,reclamation ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #abja et seq47 or any regulation implem5t+ t ,act at any site :]e surface coal m9+ op]ations h occurr$ or are occurr+4 7b7 ,susp5sion ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all susp5d an op]ations p]mit1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 if su* ,secret>y det]m9es t any ( ! entities describ$ 9 subsection 7a7 7 9 violation ( any requirem5t li/$ 9 subsection 7a7 at ! "t ! p]mit 0 issu$4 7c7 ,correction 7#a7 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 may issue or re9/ate a p]mit "u ?is subtitle if ! applicant submits pro( t ! violation ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7a7 or 7b7 has be5 correct$ or is 9 ! process ( be+ correct$ to ! satisfaction ( su* ,secret>y & ! regulatory au?ority involv$ or if ! applicant submits pro( t ! violator has fil$ & is pres5tly pursu+1 a direct adm9i/rative or judicial appeal to conte/ ! exi/5ce ( ! violation4 ,= purposes ( ?is section1 an appeal ( any applicant's relation%ip to an affiliate %all n con/itute a direct adm9i/rative or judicial appeal to conte/ ! exi/5ce ( ! violation4 7#b7 ,any p]mit :i* is issu$ or re9/at$ bas$ ^u pro( submitt$ "u ?is subsection %all be conditionally approv$ or conditionally re9/at$1 z ! case may be4 ,if ! violation is n successfully abat$ or ! violation is upheld on appeal1 ! p]mit %all be susp5d$ or revok$4 7d7 ,patt]n ( willful violations ,no p]mit "u ?is title may be issu$ to any applicant if !re is a demon/rat$ patt]n ( willful violations ( ! environm5tal protection requirem5ts ( ?is title by ! applicant1 any affiliate ( ! applicant1 or ! op]ator or claim hold] if diff]5t ?an ! applicant4 #acf4 ,f9ancial assurance 7a7 ,f9ancial assurance requir$ 7#a7 ,subject to public notice & comm5t1 & aft] a p]mit is issu$ "u ?is subtitle & be=e any exploration or op]ations beg9 "u ! p]mit1 ! op]ator %all file ) ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 evid5ce ( f9ancial assurance payable to ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! f9ancial assurance %all be provid$ 9 ! =m ( a surety bond1 a tru/ fund1 lett]s ( cr$its1 gov]nm5t securities1 c]tificates ( deposit1 ca%1 or an equival5t =m approv$ by su* ,secret>y4 7#b7 ,! f9ancial assurance %all cov] all l&s )9 ! initial p]mit area & all affect$ wat]s t may require re/oration1 treatm5t1 or o!r managem5t z a result ( m9]al activities1 & %all be ext5d$ to cov] all l&s & wat]s add$ pursuant to any p]mit modification made "u section #acc7;f7 7relat+ to exploration p]mits7 or section #acd7;e7 7relat+ to op]ations p]mits71 or affect$ by m9]al activities4 7b7 ,am\nt ,! am\nt ( ! f9ancial assurance requir$ "u ?is section %all be suffici5t to assure ! completion ( reclamation & re/oration satisfy+ ! requirem5ts ( ?is title if ! "w 7 to be p]=m$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$ 9 ! ev5t ( =feiture1 includ+ ! con/ruction & ma9t5ance co/s = any treatm5t facilities necess>y to meet ,f$]al & ,/ate environm5tal requirem5ts4 ,! calculation ( su* am\nt %all take into acc\nt ! maximum level ( f9ancial exposure :i* %all arise dur+ ! m9]al activity & adm9i/rative co/s associat$ ) a gov]nm5t ag5cy reclaim+ ! site4 7c7 ,duration ,! f9ancial assurance requir$ "u ?is section %all be held = ! duration ( ! m9]al activities & = an additional p]iod to cov] ! op]ator's responsibility = reclamation1 re/oration1 & long-t]m ma9t5ance1 & efflu5t treatm5t z specifi$ 9 subsection 7g74 7d7 ,adju/m5ts ,! am\nt ( ! f9ancial assurance & ! t]ms ( ! acceptance ( ! assurance may be adju/$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$ f "t to "t z ! area requir+ cov]age is increas$ or decreas$1 or :]e ! co/s ( reclamation or treatm5t *ange1 or pursuant to section #acd7;f7 7relat+ to tempor>y cessation ( op]ations71 b ! f9ancial assurance %all o!rwise be 9 compliance ) ?is section4 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all review ! f9ancial gu>antee e #c ye>s & z "p ( ! p]mit application review "u section #acd7;c74 7e7 ,release ,^u reque/1 & aft] notice & opportunity = public comm5t1 & aft] inspection by ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 su* ,secret>y may1 aft] consultation ) ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy1 release 9 :ole or 9 "p ! f9ancial assurance requir$ "u ?is section if ! ,secret>y makes bo? ( ! foll[+ det]m9ations3 7#a7 ,a det]m9ation t reclamation or re/oration cov]$ by ! f9ancial assurance has be5 accompli%$ z requir$ by ?is title4 7#b7 ,a det]m9ation t ! t]ms & conditions ( any o!r applicable ,f$]al requirem5ts1 & ,/ate requirem5ts applicable pursuant to coop]ative agreem5ts "u section #ach1 h be5 fulfill$4 7f7 ,release s*$ule ,! release ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7e7 %all be accord+ to ! foll[+ s*$ule3 7#a7 ,aft] ! op]ator has complet$ any requir$ backfill+1 regrad+1 & dra9age control ( an area subject to m9]al activities & cov]$ by ! f9ancial assurance1 & has comm5c$ revegetation on ! regrad$ areas subject to m9]al activities 9 accordance ) ! approv$ plan1 t portion ( ! total f9ancial assurance secur$ = ! area subject to m9]al activities attributable to ! complet$ activities may be releas$ except t suffici5t assurance mu/ be reta9$ to address o!r requir$ reclamation & re/oration ne$s & to assure ! long-t]m success ( ! revegetation4 7#b7 ,aft] ! op]ator has complet$ successfully all rema9+ m9]al activities & reclamation activities & all requirem5ts ( ! op]ations plan & ! reclamation plan1 & all o!r requirem5ts ( ?is title h be5 fully met1 includ+ ! requirem5ts ( subsection 7g7 ( ?is section1 ! rema9+ portion ( ! f9ancial assurance may be releas$4 ,dur+ ! p]iod foll[+ release ( ! f9ancial assurance z specifi$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 until ! rema9+ portion ( ! f9ancial assurance is releas$ z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ! op]ator %all be requir$ to comply ) ! p]mit issu$ "u ?is subtitle4 7g7 ,efflu5t ,not)/&+ section #acg7;b77#d71 :]e any dis*>ge or o!r wat]-relat$ condition result+ f ! m9]al activities requires treatm5t 9 ord] to meet ! applicable efflu5t limitations & wat] quality /&>ds1 ! f9ancial assurance %all include ! e/imat$ co/ ( ma9ta9+ su* treatm5t = ! project$ p]iod t w be ne$$ aft] ! cessation ( m9]al activities4 ,! portion ( ! f9ancial assurance attributable to su* e/imat$ co/ ( treatm5t %all n be releas$ until ! dis*>ge has ceas$ = a p]iod ( #e ye>s1 z det]m9$ by ongo+ monitor+ & te/+1 or1 if ! dis*>ge cont9ues1 until ! op]ator has met all applicable efflu5t limitations & wat] quality /&>ds = #e full ye>s )\t treatm5t4 7h7 ,environm5tal haz>ds ,if ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 det]m9es1 aft] f9al release ( f9ancial assurance1 t an environm5tal haz>d result+ f ! m9]al activities exi/s1 or ! t]ms & conditions ( ! explorations or op]ations p]mit ( ?is title 7 n fulfill$ 9 fact at ! "t ( release1 su* ,secret>y %all issue an ord] "u section #adf requir+ ! claim hold] or op]ator 7or any p]son :o controls ! claim hold] or op]ator7 to correct ! condition su* t applicable laws & regulations & any conditions f ! plan ( op]ations are met4 #acg4 ,op]ation & reclamation 7a7 ,g5]al rule 7#a7 ,! op]ator %all re/ore l&s subject to m9]al activities c>ri$ out "u a p]mit issu$ "u ?is subtitle to a condition capable ( support+-- 7,a7 ! uses :i* su* l&s 7 capable ( support+ prior to surface di/urbance by ! op]ator1 or 7,b7 o!r b5eficial uses :i* con=m to applicable l& use plans z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s1 ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture4 7#b7 ,reclamation %all proce$ z contemporane\sly z practicable ) ! conduct ( m9]al activities4 ,9 ! case ( a cessation ( m9]al activities beyond t provid$ = z a tempor>y cessation "u ?is title1 reclamation activities %all beg9 imm$iately4 7b7 ,op]ation & reclamation /&>ds ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture %all jo9tly promulgate regulations t e/abli% op]ation & reclamation /&>ds = m9]al activities p]mitt$ "u ?is title4 ,! ,secret>ies may det]m9e :e!r outcome-bas$ p]=mance /&>ds or te*nology-bas$ design /&>ds are mo/ appropriate4 ,! regulations %all address ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,segregation1 protection1 & replacem5t ( topsoil or o!r suitable gr[? m$ium1 & ! prev5tion1 :]e possible1 ( soil contam9ation4 7#b7 ,ma9t5ance ( ! /ability ( all surface areas4 7#c7 ,control ( s$im5ts to prev5t erosion & manage dra9age4 7#d7 ,m9imization ( ! =mation & migration ( acidic1 alkal9e1 metal-be>+1 or o!r delet]i\s lea*ate4 7#e7 ,r$uction ( ! visual impact ( m9]al activities to ! surr\nd+ topography1 includ+ z necess>y pit backfill4 7#f7 ,e/abli%m5t ( a div]se1 effective1 & p]man5t vegetative cov] ( ! same seasonal v>iety native to ! area affect$ by m9]al activities1 & equal 9 ext5t ( cov] to ! natural vegetation ( ! area4 7#g7 ,design & ma9t5ance ( lea* op]ations1 imp\ndm5ts1 & excess wa/e accord+ to /&>d eng9e]+ /&>ds to a*ieve & ma9ta9 /ability & reclamation ( ! site4 7#h7 ,removal ( /ructures & roads & seal+ ( drill holes4 7#i7 ,re/oration (1 or mitigation =1 fi% & wildlife habitat di/urb$ by m9]al activities4 7#aj7 ,pres]vation ( cultural1 paleontological1 & cave res\rces4 7#aa7 ,prev5tion & suppression ( fire 9 ! area ( m9]al activities4 7c7 ,surface or gr\ndwat] )drawals ,! ,secret>y %all "w ) ,/ate & local gov]nm5ts ) au?ority ov] ! allocation & use ( surface & gr\ndwat] 9 ! area ar\nd ! m9e site z necess>y to ensure t any surface or gr\ndwat] )drawals made z a result ( m9+ activities approv$ "u ?is section d n cause undue degradation or results 9 mat]ial alt]ation ( ! hydrologic balance4 7d7 ,special rule ,reclamation activities = a m9+ claim t has be5 =feit$1 rel9qui%$1 or laps$1 or a plan t has expir$ or be5 revok$ or susp5d$1 %all cont9ue subject to review & approval by ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture4 #ach4 ,/ate law & regulation 7a7 ,/ate law 7#a7 ,any reclamation1 l& use1 environm5tal1 or public heal? protection /&>d or requirem5t 9 ,/ate1 c\nty1 local1 or tribal law or regulation t meets or exce$s ! requirem5ts ( ?is title %all n be con/ru$ to be inconsi/5t ) any su* /&>d4 7#b7 ,any bond+ /&>d or requirem5t 9 ,/ate1 c\nty1 local1 or tribal law or regulation t meets or exce$s ! requirem5ts ( ?is title %all n be con/ru$ to be inconsi/5t ) su* requirem5ts4 7#c7 ,any inspection /&>d or requirem5t 9 ,/ate1 c\nty1 local1 or tribal law or regulation t meets or exce$s ! requirem5ts ( ?is title %all n be con/ru$ to be inconsi/5t ) su* requirem5ts4 7b7 ,applicability ( o!r ,/ate requirem5ts 7#a7 ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z affect+ any toxic sub/ance1 solid wa/e1 or air or wat] quality1 /&>d or requirem5t ( any ,/ate1 c\nty1 local1 or tribal law or regulation1 :i* may be applicable to m9]al activities on l&s subject to ?is title4 7#b7 ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z affect+ 9 any way ! "r ( any p]son to en=ce or protect1 "u applicable law1 su* p]son's int]e/ 9 wat] res\rces affect$ by m9]al activities on l&s subject to ?is title4 7c7 ,coop]ative agreem5ts 7#a7 ,any ,/ate may ent] into a coop]ative agreem5t ) ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 = ! purposes ( su* ,secret>y apply+ su* /&>ds & requirem5ts ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7a7 & subsection 7b7 to m9]al activities or reclamation on l&s subject to ?is title4 7#b7 ,9 su* in/ances :]e ! propos$ m9]al activities w\ld affect l&s n subject to ?is title 9 addition to l&s subject to ?is title1 9 ord] to approve a plan ( op]ations ! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all ent] into a coop]ative agreem5t ) ! ,/ate t sets =? a common regulatory framework consi/5t ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title = ! purposes ( su* plan ( op]ations4 ,any su* common regulatory framework %all n negate ! au?ority ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t to indep5d5tly inspect m9es & op]ations & br+ en=cem5t actions = violations4 7#c7 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all n ent] into a coop]ative agreem5t ) any ,/ate "u ?is section until aft] notice 9 ! ,f$]al ,regi/] & opportunity = public comm5t & he>+4 7d7 ,prior agreem5ts ,any coop]ative agreem5t or su* o!r und]/&+ betwe5 ! ,secret>y conc]n$ & any ,/ate1 or political subdivision !re(1 relat+ to ! managem5t ( m9]al activities on l&s subject to ?is title t 0 9 exi/5ce on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act may only cont9ue 9 =ce until #a ye> aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 ,dur+ su* #a-ye> p]iod1 ! ,/ate & ! ,secret>y %all review ! t]ms ( ! agreem5t & make *anges t are necess>y to be consi/5t ) ?is title4 #aci4 ,limitation on ! issuance ( p]mits ,no p]mit %all be issu$ "u ?is subtitle t au?orizes m9]al activities t w\ld impair ! l& or res\rces ( a ,national ,p>k or a ,national ,monum5t4 ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m impair %all include any dim9ution ( ! affect$ l& includ+ wildlife1 sc5ic assets1 wat] res\rces1 air quality1 & ac\/ic qualities1 or o!r *anges t w\ld impair a citiz5's exp]i5ce at ! ,national ,p>k or ,national ,monum5t4 ,d ,adm9i/rative & ,miscellane\s ,provisions #ada4 ,policy functions 7a7 ,m9]als policy ,section #aja ( ! ,m9+ & ,m9]als ,policy ,act ( #aigj 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ba;a7 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce by ins]t+ be=e ! p]iod at ! end ! foll[+3 & to ensure t m9]al extraction & process+ n cause undue degradation ( ! natural & cultural res\rces ( ! public l&s2 & 7#b7 by add+ at ! end !re( ! foll[+3 ,x %all also be ! responsibility ( ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture to c>ry out ! policy provisions ( p>agraphs 7#a7 & 7#b7 ( ?is section44 7b7 ,m9]al data ,section #e7;e77#c7 ( ! ,national ,mat]ials & ,m9]als ,policy1 ,rese>* & ,developm5t ,act ( #aihj 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #afjd7;e77#c77 is am5d$ by ins]t+ be=e ! p]iod ! foll[+3 1 except t = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture %all promptly initiate actions to improve ! availability & analysis ( m9]al data 9 public l& use decisionmak+4 #adb4 ,us] fees 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture may ea* e/abli% & collect f p]sons subject to ! requirem5ts ( ?is title su* us] fees z may be necess>y to reimburse ! ,unit$ ,/ates = exp5ses incurr$ 9 adm9i/]+ su* requirem5ts4 ,fees may be assess$ & collect$ "u ?is section only 9 su* mann] z may reasonably be expect$ to result 9 an aggregate am\nt ( ! fees collect$ dur+ any fiscal ye> :i* does n exce$ ! aggregate am\nt ( adm9i/rative exp5ses ref]r$ to 9 ?is section4 7b7 ,adju/m5t 7#a7 ,! ,secret>y %all adju/ ! fees requir$ by ?is section to reflect *anges 9 ! ,consum] ,price ,index publi%$ by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor e #e ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 or m frequ5tly if ! ,secret>y det]m9es an adju/m5t to be reasonable4 7#b7 ,! ,secret>y %all provide claimants notice ( any adju/m5t made "u ?is subsection n lat] ?an ,july #a ( any ye> 9 :i* ! adju/m5t is made4 7#c7 ,a fee adju/m5t "u ?is subsection %all beg9 to apply ! cal5d> ye> foll[+ ! cal5d> ye> 9 :i* x is made4 #adc4 ,inspection & monitor+ 7a7 ,inspections 7#a7 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all make inspections ( m9]al activities s z to ensure compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title4 7#b7 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all e/abli% a frequ5cy ( inspections = m9]al activities conduct$ "u a p]mit issu$ "u subtitle ,c1 b 9 no ev5t %all su* inspection frequ5cy be less ?an "o complete inspection p] cal5d> qu>t] or1 two p] cal5d> qu>t] 9 ! case ( a p]mit = :i* ! ,secret>y conc]n$ approves an application "u section #acd7;f7 7relat+ to tempor>y cessation ( op]ations74 ,aft] revegetation has be5 e/abli%$ 9 accordance ) a reclamation plan1 su* ,secret>y %all conduct annually two complete inspections4 ,su* ,secret>y %all h ! discretion to modify ! inspection frequ5cy = m9]al activities t are conduct$ on a seasonal basis4 ,inspections %all cont9ue "u ?is subsection until f9al release ( f9ancial assurance4 7#c7 7,a7 ,any p]son :o has reason to believe he or %e is or may be adv]sely affect$ by m9]al activities due to any violation ( ! requirem5ts ( a p]mit approv$ "u ?is title may reque/ an inspection4 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all det]m9e )9 #aj work+ days ( receipt ( ! reque/ :e!r ! reque/ /ates a reason to believe t a violation exi/s4 ,if ! p]son alleges & provides reason to believe t an imm95t ?reat to ! environm5t or dang] to ! heal? or safety ( ! public exi/s1 ! #aj-;day p]iod %all be waiv$ & ! inspection %all be conduct$ imm$iately4 ,! id5tity ( ! p]son supply+ in=mation to ! ,secret>y relat+ to a possible violation or imm95t dang] or h>m %all rema9 confid5tial ) ! ,secret>y if s reque/$ by t p]son4 7,b7 ,! ,secret>ies %all1 by jo9t rule1 e/abli% proc$ures = ! review ( 7i7 any decision by an au?oriz$ repres5tative n to inspect2 or 7ii7 any refusal by su* repres5tative to ensure t rem$ial actions are tak5 ) respect to any alleg$ violation4 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all furni% su* p]sons reque/+ ! review a writt5 /atem5t ( ! reasons = ! ,secret>y's f9al disposition ( ! case4 7b7 ,monitor+ 7#a7 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all require all op]ators to develop & ma9ta9 a monitor+ & evaluation sy/em t %all id5tify compliance ) all requirem5ts ( a p]mit approv$ "u ?is title4 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ may require additional monitor+ to be conduct$ z necess>y to assure compliance ) ! reclamation & o!r environm5tal /&>ds ( ?is title4 ,su* plan mu/ be review$ & approv$ by ! ,secret>y & %all become a "p ( ! explorations or op]ations p]mit4 7#b7 ,! op]ator %all file reports ) ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 on a frequ5cy det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$1 on ! results ( ! monitor+ & evaluation process1 except t if ! monitor+ & evaluation %[ a violation ( ! requirem5ts ( a p]mit approv$ "u ?is title1 x %all be report$ imm$iately to ! ,secret>y conc]n$4 ,! ,secret>y %all evaluate ! reports submitt$ pursuant to ?is p>agraph1 & bas$ on ^? reports & any necess>y inspection %all take en=cem5t action pursuant to ?is section4 ,su* reports %all be ma9ta9$ by ! op]ator & by ! ,secret>y & %all be made available to ! public4 7#c7 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all det]m9e :at in=mation %all be report$ by ! op]ator pursuant to p>agraph 7#b74 ,a failure to report z requir$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all con/itute a violation ( ?is title & subject ! op]ator to en=cem5t action pursuant to section #adf4 #add4 ,citiz5s suits 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,except z provid$ 9 subsection 7b71 any p]son may comm5ce a civil action on 8 or h] own behalf to compel compliance-- 7#a7 aga9/ any p]son 7includ+ ! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture7 :o is alleg$ to be 9 violation ( any ( ! provisions ( ?is title or any regulation promulgat$ pursuant to subtitle ,c ( ?is title or any t]m or condition ( any p]mit issu$ "u subtitle ,c ( ?is title2 or 7#b7 aga9/ ! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture :]e !re is alleg$ a failure ( su* ,secret>y to p]=m any act or duty "u ?is title1 or to promulgate any regulation "u ?is title1 :i* is n )9 ! discretion ( ! ,secret>y conc]n$4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates di/rict c\rts %all h jurisdiction ov] actions br\ght "u ?is section1 )\t reg>d to ! am\nt 9 controv]sy or ! citiz5%ip ( ! p>ties1 includ+ actions br\ght to apply any civil p5alty "u ?is title4 ,! di/rict c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates %all h jurisdiction to compel ag5cy action unreasonably delay$4 7b7 ,exceptions 7#a7 ,no action may be comm5c$ "u subsection 7a7 be=e ! end ( ! #fj-;day p]iod beg9n+ on ! date ! pla9tiff has giv5 notice 9 writ+ ( su* alleg$ violation to ! alleg$ violator & ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 except t any su* action may be br\ght imm$iately aft] su* notification if ! violation compla9$ ( con/itutes an imm95t ?reat to ! environm5t or to ! heal? or safety ( ! public4 7#b7 ,no action may be br\ght aga9/ any p]son o!r ?an ! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture "u subsection 7a77#a7 if su* ,secret>y has comm5c$ & is dilig5tly prosecut+ a civil or crim9al action 9 a c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates to require compliance4 7#c7 ,no action may be comm5c$ "u p>agraph 7#b7 ( subsection 7a7 aga9/ ei!r ,secret>y to review any rule promulgat$ by1 or to any p]mit issu$ or d5i$ by su* ,secret>y if su* rule or p]mit issuance or d5ial is judicially reviewable "u any provision ( law at any "t aft] su* promulgation1 issuance1 or d5ial is f9al4 7c7 ,v5ue ,v5ue ( all actions br\ght "u ?is section %all be det]m9$ 9 accordance ) section #acia ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7d7 ,co/s ,! c\rt1 9 issu+ any f9al ord] 9 any action br\ght pursuant to ?is section may aw>d co/s ( litigation 7includ+ attorney & exp]t witness fees7 to any prevail+ or sub/antially prevail+ p>ty :5ev] ! c\rt det]m9es su* aw>d is appropriate4 ,! c\rt may1 if a tempor>y re/ra9+ ord] or prelim9>y injunction is s\ght1 require ! fil+ ( a bond or equival5t security 9 accordance ) ! ,f$]al ,rules ( ,civil ,proc$ure4 7e7 ,sav+s clause ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all re/rict any "r :i* any p]son 7or class ( p]sons7 may h "u *apt] #g ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 "u ?is section1 or "u any o!r /atute or common law to br+ an action to seek any relief aga9/ ! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture or aga9/ any o!r p]son1 includ+ any action = any violation ( ?is title or ( any regulation or p]mit issu$ "u ?is title or = any failure to act z requir$ by law4 ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all affect ! jurisdiction ( any c\rt "u any provision ( title #bh1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 includ+ any action = any violation ( ?is title or ( any regulation or p]mit issu$ "u ?is title or = any failure to act z requir$ by law4 #ade4 ,adm9i/rative & judicial review 7a7 ,review by secret>y 7#a7 7,a7 ,any p]son issu$ a notice ( violation or cessation ord] "u section #adf1 or any p]son hav+ an int]e/ :i* is or may be adv]sely affect$ by su* notice or ord]1 may apply to ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 = review ( ! notice or ord]4 7,b7 ,any p]son :o is subject to a p5alty assess$ "u section #adf may apply to ! ,secret>y conc]n$ = review ( ! assessm5t4 7,c7 ,any p]son may apply to su* ,secret>y = review ( ! decision4 7,d7 ,p5d+ a review by ! ,secret>y or resolution ( an adm9i/rative appeal1 f9al decisions 7except en=cem5t actions "u section #adf7 %all be /ay$4 7#b7 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all provide an opportunity = a public he>+ at ! reque/ ( any p>ty to ! proce$+ z specifi$ 9 p>agraph 7#a74 ,! fil+ ( an application = review "u ?is subsection %all n op]ate z a /ay ( any ord] or notice issu$ "u section #adf4 7#c7 ,= any review proce$+ "u ?is subsection1 ! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all make f9d+s ( fact & %all issue a writt5 decision incorporat+ !re9 an ord] vacat+1 affirm+1 modify+1 or t]m9at+ ! notice1 ord]1 or decision1 or ) respect to an assessm5t1 ! am\nt ( p5alty t is w>rant$4 7#d7 ,p5d+ completion ( any review proce$+s "u ?is subsection1 ! applicant may file ) ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 a writt5 reque/ t ! ,secret>y grant tempor>y relief f any ord] issu$ "u section #adf toge!r ) a detail$ /atem5t giv+ reasons = su* relief4 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all exp$iti\sly issue an ord] or decision grant+ or d5y+ su* relief4 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ may grant su* relief "u su* conditions z he or %e may prescribe only if su* relief %all n adv]sely affect ! heal? or safety ( ! public or cause imm95t environm5tal h>m to l&1 air1 or wat] res\rces4 7#e7 ,! availability ( review "u ?is subsection %all n be con/ru$ to limit ! op]ation ( rights "u section #add 7relat+ to citiz5 suits74 7b7 ,co/s ,:5ev] a proce$+ occurs "u subsection 7a71 at ! reque/ ( any p]son1 a sum equal to ! aggregate am\nt ( all co/s & exp5ses 7includ+ attorney fees7 z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y or ,secret>ies conc]n$ or ! c\rt to h be5 reasonably incurr$ by su* p]son = or 9 connection ) p>ticipation 9 su* proce$+s1 includ+ any judicial review ( ! proce$+1 may be assess$ aga9/ ei!r p>ty z ! c\rt1 9 ! case ( judicial review1 or ! ,secret>y or ,secret>ies conc]n$ 9 ! case ( adm9i/rative proce$+s1 deems prop] if x is det]m9$ t su* p>ty prevail$ 9 :ole or 9 "p1 a*iev+ "s success on ! m]its1 & t su* p>ty made a sub/antial contribution to a full & fair det]m9ation ( ! issues4 #adf4 ,en=cem5t 7a7 ,ord]s 7#a7 ,if ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 or an au?oriz$ repres5tative ( su* ,secret>y1 det]m9es t any p]son is 9 violation ( any environm5tal protection requirem5t "u subtitle ,c or any regulation issu$ by ! ,secret>ies to implem5t ?is title1 su* ,secret>y or au?oriz$ repres5tative %all issue to su* p]son a notice ( violation describ+ ! violation & ! corrective measures to be tak54 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$1 or ! au?oriz$ repres5tative ( su* ,secret>y1 %all provide su* p]son ) a p]iod ( "t n to exce$ #cj days to abate ! violation4 ,su* p]iod ( "t may be ext5d$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$ ^u a %[+ ( good cause by su* p]son4 ,if1 ^u ! expiration ( "t provid$ = su* abatem5t1 ! ,secret>y conc]n$1 or ! au?oriz$ repres5tative ( su* ,secret>y1 f9ds t ! violation has n be5 abat$ he or %e %all imm$iately ord] a cessation ( all m9]al activities or ! portion !re( relevant to ! violation4 7#b7 ,if ! ,secret>y conc]n$1 or ! au?oriz$ repres5tative ( ! ,secret>y conc]n$1 det]m9es t any condition or practice exi/s1 or t any p]son is 9 violation ( any requirem5t "u a p]mit approv$ "u ?is title1 & su* condition1 practice or violation is caus+1 or c reasonably be expect$ to cause-- 7,a7 an imm95t dang] to ! heal? or safety ( ! public2 or 7,b7 significant1 imm95t environm5tal h>m to l&1 air1 wat]1 or fi% or wildlife res\rces1 su* ,secret>y or au?oriz$ repres5tative %all imm$iately ord] a cessation ( m9]al activities or ! portion !re( relevant to ! condition1 practice1 or violation4 7#c7 7,a7 ,a cessation ord] pursuant to p>agraphs 7#a7 or 7#b7 %all rema9 9 effect until su* ,secret>y1 or au?oriz$ repres5tative1 det]m9es t ! condition1 practice1 or violation has be5 abat$1 or until modifi$1 vacat$ or t]m9at$ by ! ,secret>y or au?oriz$ repres5tative4 ,9 any su* ord]1 ! ,secret>y or au?oriz$ repres5tative %all det]m9e ! /eps necess>y to abate ! violation 9 ! mo/ exp$iti\s mann] possible & %all include ! necess>y measures 9 ! ord]4 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all require appropriate f9ancial assurances to ensure t ! abatem5t obligations are met4 7,b7 ,any notice or ord] issu$ pursuant to p>agraphs 7#a7 or 7#b7 may be modifi$1 vacat$1 or t]m9at$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$ or an au?oriz$ repres5tative ( su* ,secret>y4 ,any p]son to :om any su* notice or ord] is issu$ %all be entitl$ to a he>+ on ! record4 7#d7 ,if1 aft] #cj days ( ! date ( ! ord] ref]r$ to 9 p>agraph 7#c77;,a7 ! requir$ abatem5t has n occurr$1 ! ,secret>y conc]n$ %all take su* alt]native en=cem5t action aga9/ ! claim hold] or op]ator 7or any p]son :o controls ! claim hold] or op]ator7 z w mo/ likely br+ ab\t abatem5t 9 ! mo/ exp$iti\s mann] possible4 ,su* alt]native en=cem5t action may include1 b is n necess>ily limit$ to1 seek+ appropriate injunctive relief to br+ ab\t abatem5t4 ,no?+ 9 ?is p>agraph %all preclude ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 f tak+ alt]native en=cem5t action prior to ! expiration ( #cj days4 7#e7 ,if a claim hold] or op]ator 7or any p]son :o controls ! claim hold] or op]ator7 fails to abate a violation or defaults on ! t]ms ( ! p]mit1 ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all =feit ! f9ancial assurance = ! plan z necess>y to ensure abatem5t & reclamation "u ?is title4 ,! ,secret>y conc]n$ may prescribe conditions "u :i* a surety may p]=m reclamation 9 accordance ) ! approv$ plan 9 lieu ( =feiture4 7#f7 ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all n cause =feiture ( ! f9ancial assurance :ile adm9i/rative or judicial review is p5d+4 7#g7 ,9 ! ev5t ( =feiture1 ! claim hold]1 op]ator1 or any affiliate !re(1 z appropriate z det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y by rule1 %all be jo9tly & sev]ally liable = any rema9+ reclamation obligations "u ?is title4 7b7 ,compliance ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 may reque/ ! ,attorney ,g5]al to in/itute a civil action = relief1 includ+ a p]man5t or tempor>y injunction or re/ra9+ ord]1 or any o!r appropriate en=cem5t ord]1 includ+ ! imposition ( civil p5alties1 9 ! di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! di/rict 9 :i* ! m9]al activities are locat$ :5ev] a p]son-- 7#a7 violates1 fails1 or refuses to comply ) any ord] issu$ by ! ,secret>y conc]n$ "u subsection 7a72 or 7#b7 int]f]es )1 h9d]s1 or delays ! ,secret>y conc]n$ 9 c>ry+ out an inspection "u section #adc4 ,su* c\rt %all h jurisdiction to provide su* relief z may be appropriate4 ,any relief grant$ by ! c\rt to en=ce an ord] "u p>agraph 7#a7 %all cont9ue 9 effect until ! completion or f9al t]m9ation ( all proce$+s = review ( su* ord] unless ! di/rict c\rt grant+ su* relief sets x aside4 7c7 ,delegation ,not)/&+ any o!r provision ( law1 ! ,secret>y may utilize p]sonnel ( ! ,(fice ( ,surface ,m9+ ,reclamation & ,en=cem5t to ensure compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title4 7d7 ,p5alties 7#a7 ,any p]son :o fails to comply ) any requirem5t ( a p]mit approv$ "u ?is title or any regulation issu$ by ! ,secret>ies to implem5t ?is title %all be liable = a p5alty ( n m ?an #be1jjj p] violation4 ,ea* day ( violation may be deem$ a sep>ate violation = purposes ( p5alty assessm5ts4 7#b7 ,a p]son :o fails to correct a violation = :i* a cessation ord] has be5 issu$ "u subsection 7a7 )9 ! p]iod p]mitt$ = its correction %all be assess$ a civil p5alty ( n less ?an #a1jjj p] violation = ea* day dur+ :i* su* failure cont9ues4 7#c7 ,:5ev] a corporation is 9 violation ( a requirem5t ( a p]mit approv$ "u ?is title or any regulation issu$ by ! ,secret>ies to implem5t ?is title or fails or refuses to comply ) an ord] issu$ "u subsection 7a71 any director1 (fic]1 or ag5t ( su* corporation :o kn[+ly au?oriz$1 ord]$1 or c>ri$ out su* violation1 failure1 or refusal %all be subject to ! same p5alties z may be impos$ ^u ! p]son ref]r$ to 9 p>agraph 7#a74 7e7 ,susp5sions or revocations ,! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 %all susp5d or revoke a p]mit issu$ "u subtitle ,c1 9 :ole or 9 "p1 if ! op]ator-- 7#a7 kn[+ly made or kn[+ly makes any false1 inaccurate1 or mislead+ mat]ial /atem5t 9 any m9+ claim1 notice ( location1 application1 record1 report1 plan1 or o!r docum5t fil$ or requir$ to be ma9ta9$ "u ?is title2 7#b7 fails to abate a violation cov]$ by a cessation ord] issu$ "u subsection 7a72 7#c7 fails to comply ) an ord] ( ! ,secret>y conc]n$2 7#d7 refuses to p]mit an audit pursuant to ?is title2 7#e7 fails to ma9ta9 an adequate f9ancial assurance "u section #acf2 7#f7 fails to pay claim ma9t5ance fees or o!r moneys due & ow+ "u ?is title2 or 7#g7 ) reg>d to plans conditionally approv$ "u section #ace7;c77#b71 fails to abate a violation to ! satisfaction ( ! ,secret>y conc]n$1 or if ! validity ( ! violation is upheld on ! appeal :i* =m$ ! basis = ! conditional approval4 7f7 ,false /atem5ts2 tamp]+ ,any p]son :o kn[+ly-- 7#a7 makes any false mat]ial /atem5t1 repres5tation1 or c]tification 91 or omits or conceals mat]ial in=mation f1 or unlawfully alt]s1 any m9+ claim1 notice ( location1 application1 record1 report1 plan1 or o!r docum5ts fil$ or requir$ to be ma9ta9$ "u ?is title2 or 7#b7 falsifies1 tamp]s )1 r5d]s inaccurate1 or fails to in/all any monitor+ device or me?od requir$ to be ma9ta9$ "u ?is title1 %all ^u conviction1 be puni%$ by a f9e ( n m ?an #aj1jjj4 ,if a conviction ( a p]son is = a violation committ$ aft] a fir/ conviction ( su* p]son "u ?is subsection1 puni%m5t %all be by a f9e ( n m ?an #bj1jjj p] day ( violation4 ,ea* day ( cont9u+ violation may be deem$ a sep>ate violation = purposes ( p5alty assessm5ts4 7g7 ,kn[+ violations ,any p]son :o kn[+ly-- 7#a7 engages 9 m9]al activities )\t a p]mit requir$ "u subtitle ,c2 or 7#b7 violates any o!r requirem5t ( a p]mit issu$ "u ?is title1 or any condition or limitation !re(1 %all ^u conviction be puni%$ by a f9e ( n less ?an #e1jjj nor m ?an #ej1jjj p] day ( violation4 ,if a conviction ( a p]son is = a violation committ$ aft] ! fir/ conviction ( su* p]son "u ?is subsection1 puni%m5t %all be a f9e ( n less ?an #aj1jjj p] day ( violation4 7h7 ,kn[+ & willful violations ,any p]son :o kn[+ly & willfully commits an act = :i* a civil p5alty is provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#a7 ( subsection 7g7 %all1 ^u conviction1 be puni%$ by a f9e ( n m ?an #ej1jjj4 7i7 ,def9ition ,= purposes ( ?is section1 ! t]m p]son includes any (fic]1 ag5t1 or employee ( a p]son4 7j7 ,adju/m5t ( p5alties ,! ,secret>y may adju/ ! p5alties describ$ 9 ?is section z necess>y4 #adg4 ,regulations ,! ,secret>y & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture %all issue su* regulations z are necess>y to implem5t ?is title4 ,! regulations implem5t+ subtitle ,b1 subtitle ,c1 subtitle ,d1 & subtitle ,e t affect ! ,=e/ ,s]vice %all be jo9t regulations issu$ by bo? ,secret>ies1 & %all be issu$ no lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #adh4 ,effective date ,?is title %all take effect on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 except z o!rwise provid$ 9 ?is title4 #adi4 ,sav+s clause 7a7 ,special ,application ( m9+ laws ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z repeal+ or modify+ any ,f$]al law1 regulation1 ord]1 or l& use plan1 9 effect prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act t prohibits or re/ricts ! application ( ! g5]al m9+ laws1 includ+ laws t provide = special managem5t crit]ia = op]ations "u ! g5]al m9+ laws z 9 effect prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 to ! ext5t su* laws provide = protection ( natural & cultural res\rces & ! environm5t great] ?an requir$ "u ?is title1 & any su* prior law %all rema9 9 =ce & effect ) respect to claims locat$ 7or propos$ to be locat$7 or conv]t$ "u ?is title4 ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z apply+ to or limit+ m9]al inve/igations1 /udies1 or o!r m9]al activities conduct$ by any ,f$]al or ,/ate ag5cy act+ 9 its gov]nm5tal capacity pursuant to o!r au?ority4 ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all affect or limit any assessm5t1 inve/igation1 evaluation1 or li/+ pursuant to ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifja et seq471 or ! ,solid ,wa/e ,disposal ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #cbea et seq474 7b7 ,effect on o!r ,f$]al laws ,! provisions ( ?is title %all sup]s$e ! g5]al m9+ laws1 except = ^? p>ts ( ! g5]al m9+ laws respect+ location ( m9+ claims t are n expressly modifi$ by ?is title4 ,except = ! g5]al m9+ laws1 no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z sup]s$+1 modify+1 am5d+1 or repeal+ any provision ( ,f$]al law n expressly sup]s$$1 modifi$1 am5d$1 or repeal$ by ?is title4 ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z alt]+1 affect+1 am5d+1 modify+1 or *ang+1 directly or indirectly1 any law :i* ref]s to & provides au?orities or responsibilities =1 or is adm9i/]$ by1 ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy or ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy1 includ+ ! ,f$]al ,wat] ,pollution ,control ,act1 title ,,xiv ( ! ,public ,heal? ,s]vice ,act 7! ,safe ,dr9k+ ,wat] ,act71 ! ,clean ,air ,act1 ! ,pollution ,prev5tion ,act ( #aiij1 ! ,toxic ,sub/ances ,control ,act1 ! ,f$]al ,insecticide1 ,fungicide1 & ,rod5ticide ,act1 ! ,f$]al ,food1 ,drug1 & ,cosmetic ,act1 ! ,motor ,vehicle ,in=mation & ,co/ ,sav+s ,act1 ! ,f$]al ,haz>d\s ,sub/ances ,act1 ! ,endang]$ ,species ,act ( #aigc1 ! ,atomic ,en]gy ,act1 ! ,noise ,control ,act ( #aigb1 ! ,solid ,wa/e ,disposal ,act1 ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj1 ! ,sup]fund ,am5dm5ts & ,reau?orization ,act ( #aihf1 ! ,ocean ,dump+ ,act1 ! ,environm5tal ,rese>*1 ,developm5t1 & ,demon/ration ,au?orization ,act1 ! ,pollution ,prosecution ,act ( #aiij1 & ! ,f$]al ,facilities ,compliance ,act ( #aiib1 or any /atute conta9+ an am5dm5t to any ( su* ,acts4 ,no?+ 9 ?is title %all be con/ru$ z modify+ or affect+ any provision ( ! ,native ,am]ican ,graves ,protection & ,repatriation ,act 7,public ,law #aja-fja7 or any provision ( ! ,am]ican ,indian ,religi\s ,fre$om ,act 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #aiif71 ! ,national ,hi/oric ,pres]vation ,act 7#af ,u4,s4,c4 #dgj et seq471 & ! ,religi\s ,fre$om ,re/oration ,act ( #aiic 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #bjjj;bb et seq474 7c7 ,protection ( cons]vation areas ,9 ord] to protect ! res\rces & values ( ,national ,cons]vation ,sy/em units1 ! ,secret>y1 z appropriate1 %all utilize au?ority "u ?is title & o!r applicable law to ! fulle/ ext5t necess>y to prev5t m9]al activities t c\ld h an adv]se impact on ! res\rces or values = :i* su* units 7 e/abli%$4 7d7 ,sov]eign immunity ( indian tribes ,no?+ 9 ?is section %all be con/ru$ s z to waive ! sov]eign immunity ( any ,indian tribe4 #aej4 ,availability ( public records ,copies ( records1 reports1 inspection mat]ials1 or in=mation obta9$ by ! ,secret>y or ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture "u ?is title %all be made available to ! public1 consi/5t ) section #eeb ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 c5tral & suffici5t locations 9 ! c\nty1 multic\nty1 & ,/ate area ( m9]al activity or reclamation s t su* items are conv5i5tly available to resid5ts 9 ! area propos$ or approv$ = m9]al activities & on ! ,int]net4 #aea4 ,miscellane\s p[]s 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,9 c>ry+ out 8 or h] duties "u ?is title1 ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 may conduct any inve/igation1 inspection1 or o!r inquiry necess>y & appropriate & may conduct1 aft] notice1 any he>+ or audit1 necess>y & appropriate to c>ry+ out 8 or h] duties4 7b7 ,ancill>y p[]s ,9 connection ) any he>+1 inquiry1 inve/igation1 or audit "u ?is title1 ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 is au?oriz$ to take any ( ! foll[+ actions3 7#a7 ,require1 by special or g5]al ord]1 any p]son to submit 9 writ+ su* affidavits & answ]s to que/ions z ! ,secret>y conc]n$ may reasonably prescribe1 :i* submission %all be made )9 su* reasonable p]iod & "u oa? or o!rwise1 z may be necess>y4 7#b7 ,adm9i/] oa?s4 7#c7 ,require by subpo5a ! att5dance & te/imony ( witnesses & ! production ( all books1 pap]s1 records1 docum5ts1 matt]1 & mat]ials1 z su* ,secret>y may reque/4 7#d7 ,ord] te/imony to be tak5 by deposition be=e any p]son :o is designat$ by su* ,secret>y & :o has ! p[] to adm9i/] oa?s1 & to compel te/imony & ! production ( evid5ce 9 ! same mann] z au?oriz$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 ( ?is subsection4 7#e7 ,pay witnesses ! same fees & mileage z are paid 9 l circum/ances 9 ! c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7c7 ,en=cem5t ,9 cases ( refusal to obey a subpo5a s]v$ ^u any p]son "u ?is section1 ! di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = any di/rict 9 :i* su* p]son is f\nd1 resides1 or transacts bus9ess1 ^u application by ! ,attorney ,g5]al at ! reque/ ( ! ,secret>y conc]n$ & aft] notice to su* p]son1 %all h jurisdiction to issue an ord] requir+ su* p]son to appe> & produce docum5ts be=e ! ,secret>y conc]n$4 ,any failure to obey su* ord] ( ! c\rt may be puni%$ by su* c\rt z contempt !re( & subject to a p5alty ( up to #aj1jjj a day4 7d7 ,entry & access ,)\t advance notice & ^u pres5tation ( appropriate cr$5tials1 ! ,secret>y1 or = ,national ,=e/ ,sy/em l&s ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture1 or any au?oriz$ repres5tative !re(-- 7#a7 %all h ! "r ( entry to1 ^u1 or ?r\gh ! site ( any claim1 m9]al activities1 or any premises 9 :i* any records requir$ to be ma9ta9$ "u ?is title are locat$2 7#b7 may at reasonable times1 & )\t delay1 h access to records1 inspect any monitor+ equipm5t1 or review any me?od ( op]ation requir$ "u ?is title2 7#c7 may engage 9 any "w & d all ?+s necess>y or exp$i5t to implem5t & adm9i/] ! provisions ( ?is title2 7#d7 may1 on any m9+ claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) ?is title1 & )\t advance notice1 /op1 & inspect any motoriz$ =m ( transportation t su* ,secret>y has probable cause to believe is c>ry+ locatable m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom f a claim site = ! purpose ( det]m9+ :e!r ! op]ator ( su* vehicle has docum5tation relat$ to su* locatable m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom z requir$ by law1 if su* docum5tation is requir$ "u ?is title2 & 7#e7 may1 if accompani$ by any appropriate law en=cem5t (fic]1 or an appropriate law en=cem5t (fic] alone1 /op & inspect any motoriz$ =m ( transportation :i* is n on a claim site if he or %e has probable cause to believe su* vehicle is c>ry+ locatable m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom f a claim site on ,f$]al l&s or allocat$ to su* claim site4 ,su* inspection %all be = ! purpose ( det]m9+ :e!r ! op]ator ( su* vehicle has ! docum5tation requir$ by law1 if su* docum5tation is requir$ "u ?is title4 #aeb4 ,multiple m9]al developm5t & surface res\rces ,! provisions ( sections #d & #f ( ! ,act ( ,augu/ #ac1 #aied 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #ebd & #ebf71 commonly kn[n z ! ,multiple ,m9]als ,developm5t ,act1 & ! provisions ( section #d ( ! ,act ( ,july #bc1 #aiee 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fab71 %all apply to all m9+ claims locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) su* laws & ?is title4 #aec4 ,m9]al mat]ials 7a7 ,det]m9ations ,section #c ( ! ,act ( ,july #bc1 #aiee 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #faa71 is am5d$-- 7#a7 by ins]t+ 7a7 be=e ! fir/ s5t5ce2 7#b7 by ins]t+ m9]al mat]ials1 includ+ aft] v>ieties ( 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce2 7#c7 by /rik+ or c9d]s & ins]t+ 9 lieu !re( c9d]s1 & clay2 & 7#d7 by add+ ! foll[+ new subsection at ! end !re(3 7b7 7#a7 ,subject to valid exi/+ rights1 aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,m9+ ,re=m & ,deficit ,r$uction ,act ( #bjac1 not)/&+ ! ref]5ce to common v>ieties 9 subsection 7a7 & to ! exception to su* t]m relat+ to a deposit ( mat]ials ) "s prop]ty giv+ x di/9ct & special value1 all deposits ( m9]al mat]ials ref]r$ to 9 su* subsection1 includ+ ! block pumice ref]r$ to 9 su* subsection1 %all be subject to disposal only "u ! t]ms & conditions ( ! ,mat]ials ,act ( #aidg4 7#b7 ,= purposes ( p>agraph 7#a71 ! t]m valid exi/+ rights means t a m9+ claim locat$ = any su* m9]al mat]ial-- 7,a7 _h & /ill has "s prop]ty giv+ x ! di/9ct & special value ref]r$ to 9 subsection 7a71 or z ! case may be1 met ! def9ition ( block pumice ref]r$ to 9 su* subsection2 7,b7 0 prop]ly locat$ & ma9ta9$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,m9+ ,re=m & ,deficit ,r$uction ,act ( #bjac2 7,c7 0 support$ by a discov]y ( a valuable m9]al deposit )9 ! mean+ ( ! g5]al m9+ laws z 9 effect imm$iately prior to ! date ( enactm5t ( ! ,m9+ ,re=m & ,deficit ,r$uction ,act ( #bjac2 & 7,d7 t su* claim cont9ues to be valid "u ?is ,act4 4 7b7 ,m9]al mat]ials disposal cl>ification ,section #d ( ! ,act ( ,july #bc1 #aiee 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fab71 is am5d$-- 7#a7 9 subsection 7b7 by ins]t+ & m9]al mat]ial aft] vegetative2 & 7#b7 9 subsection 7c7 by ins]t+ & m9]al mat]ial aft] vegetative4 7c7 ,con=m+ am5dm5t ,section #a ( ! ,act ( ,july #ca1 #aidg1 entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = ! disposal ( mat]ials on ! public l&s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fja et seq47 is am5d$ by /rik+ common v>ieties ( 9 ! fir/ s5t5ce4 7d7 ,%ort titles 7#a7 ,surface res\rces ,! ,act ( ,july #bc1 #aiee1 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #g ! foll[+ new section3 #h4 ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,surface ,res\rces ,act ( #aiee4 4 7#b7 ,m9]al mat]ials ,! ,act ( ,july #ca1 #aidg1 entitl$ ,an ,act to provide = ! disposal ( mat]ials on ! public l&s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fja et seq47 is am5d$ by ins]t+ aft] section #d ! foll[+ new section3 #e4 ,?is ,act may be cit$ z ! ,mat]ials ,act ( #aidg4 4 7e7 ,repeals 7#a7 ,subject to valid exi/+ rights1 ! ,act ( ,augu/ #d1 #ahib 7#bg ,/at4 #cdh1 #cj ,u4,s4,c4 #afa71 commonly kn[n z ! ,build+ ,/one ,act1 is h]eby repeal$4 7#b7 ,subject to valid exi/+ rights1 ! ,act ( ,janu>y #ca1 #aija 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #afb71 commonly kn[n z ! ,sal9e ,plac] ,act1 is h]eby repeal$4 ,,ii ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,reclamation #bja4 ,%ort title ,?is title may be cit$ z ! ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,reclamation & ,deficit ,r$uction ,act ( #bjac4 #bjb4 ,def9itions & ref]5ces 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,z us$ 9 ?is title3 7#a7 ,! t]m b5eficiation means ! cru%+ & gr9d+ ( h>drock m9]al ore & su* processes z are employ$ to free ! m9]al f o!r con/itu5ts1 includ+ b n necess>ily limit$ to1 physical & *emical sep>ation te*niques4 7#b7 ,! t]m claim hold] means a p]son hold+ a m9+ claim1 millsite claim1 or tunnel site claim locat$ "u ! g5]al m9+ laws & ma9ta9$ 9 compliance ) su* laws & ?is title4 ,su* t]m may include an ag5t ( a claim hold]4 7#c7 ,! t]m control means hav+ ! ability1 directly or indirectly1 to det]m9e 7)\t reg>d to :e!r ex]cis$ ?r\gh "o or m corporate /ructures7 ! mann] 9 :i* an entity conducts m9]al activities1 ?r\gh any means1 includ+ )\t limitation1 own]%ip int]e/1 au?ority to commit ! entity's real or f9ancial assets1 position z a director1 (fic]1 or p>tn] ( ! entity1 or contractual arrangem5t4 7#d7 ,! t]m crude ore means ore 9 its unprocess$ =m1 conta9+ pr(itable am\nts ( ! t>get m9]al4 7#e7 ,! t]m displac$ mat]ial means any crude ore & wa/e dislodg$ f its location at ! "t h>drock m9+ beg9s at surface1 und]gr\nd1 or 9-situ m9es4 7#f7 ,! t]m exploration means surface di/urbance to evaluate ! type1 ext5t1 quantity1 or quality ( m9]als pres5t includ+ sampl+1 drill+1 & analyz+ h>drock m9]al values4 7#g7 ,! t]m ,f$]al l& means any l&1 includ+ m9]al int]e/s1 own$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates )\t reg>d to h[ ! ,unit$ ,/ates acquir$ own]%ip ( ! l& & )\t reg>d to ! ag5cy hav+ responsibility = managem5t !re(1 except ,indian l&s4 7#h7 ,! t]m h>drock means any m9]al m9$ "u ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bb-ed71 & ) respect to ,/ate1 ,indian1 & private l&s1 any m9]als on ^? l&s t w\ld be consid]$ h>drock m9]als if su* m9]als _h be5 m9$ "u ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb4 7#i7 ,! t]m h>drock m9+ op]ation means any activities or op]ations conduct$ to m9e m9]als "u ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #bb-ed71 &1 ) respect to ,/ate1 ,indian1 & private l&s1 any activities or op]ations conduct$ on su* l&s to m9e m9]als t w\ld be consid]$ h>drock m9]als if su* m9]als _h be5 m9$ "u ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb3 ,provid$1 h[ev]1 ,t if subsequ5t to ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 any m9]als m9$ "u ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb are transf]r$ f ! requirem5ts ( ! ,m9+ ,law ( #ahgb to diff]5t /atutory requirem5ts1 ^? activities or op]ations conduct$ on l&s to m9e ^? m9]als s transf]r$ w cont9ue to be subject to ! provisions ( ?is title4 7#aj7 ,! t]m ,indian l&s means l&s held 9 tru/ = ! b5efit ( an ,indian tribe or individual or held by an ,indian tribe or individual subject to a re/riction by ! ,unit$ ,/ates aga9/ ali5ation4 7#aa7 ,! t]m ,indian tribe means any ,indian tribe1 b&1 nation1 pueblo1 or o!r organiz$ gr\p or community1 includ+ any ,alaska ,native village or regional corporation z def9$ 9 or e/abli%$ pursuant to ! ,alaska ,native ,claims ,settlem5t ,act 7#dc ,u4,s4,c4 #afja et seq471 t is recogniz$ z eligible = ! special programs & s]vices provid$ by ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ,indians because ( _! /atus z ,indians4 7#ab7 ,! t]m m9]al activities means any activity on a m9+ claim1 millsite claim1 or tunnel site claim =1 relat$ to1 or incid5tal to1 m9]al exploration1 m9+1 b5eficiation1 process+1 or reclamation activities = any h>drock m9]al4 7#ac7 ,! t]m op]ator means any p]son t conducts m9]al activities & any ag5t ( su* p]son4 7#ad7 ,! t]m p]son means an individual1 ,indian tribe1 p>tn]%ip1 association1 society1 jo9t v5ture1 jo9t /ock company1 firm1 company1 corporation1 coop]ative1 or o!r organization & any in/rum5tality ( ,/ate or local gov]nm5t includ+ any publicly own$ utility or publicly own$ corporation ( ,/ate or local gov]nm5t4 7#ae7 ,! t]m process+ means processes d[n/ream ( b5eficiation employ$ to prep>e h>drock m9]al ore into ! f9al m>ketable product1 includ+ b n limit$ to smelt+ & electrolytic ref9+4 7#af7 ,! t]m ,secret>y means ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior1 unless o!rwise specifi$4 7#ag7 ,! t]m ton means #b1jjj p\nds avoirdupois 74#ijgah metric ton74 7#ah7 ,! t]m wa/e means rock t mu/ be fractur$ & remov$ 9 ord] to ga9 access to crude ore4 7b7 ,ref]5ces to o!r laws 7#a7 ,any ref]5ce 9 ?is title to ! t]m g5]al m9+ laws is a ref]5ce to ^? ,acts t g5]ally comprise *apt]s #b1 #ab;,a1 & #af1 & sections #afa & #afb1 ( title #cj1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code4 7#b7 ,any ref]5ce 9 ?is title to ! ,act ( ,july #bc1 #aiee1 is a ref]5ce to ! ,act entitl$ ,an ,act to am5d ! ,act ( ,july #ca1 #aidg 7#fa ,/at4 #fha7 & ! m9+ laws to provide = multiple use ( ! surface ( ! same tracts ( ! public l&s1 & = o!r purposes 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #fja et seq474 ,a ,h>drock ,m9+ ,reclamation #baa4 ,displac$ mat]ial reclamation fee 7a7 ,imposition ( fee ,except z provid$ 9 p>agraph 7#b71 ea* op]ator ( a h>drock m9+ op]ation %all pay to ! ,secret>y1 = deposit 9 ! ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,cleanup ,fund e/abli%$ by section #bba7;a71 a displac$ mat]ial reclamation fee ( #g c5ts p] ton ( displac$ mat]ial4 7b7 ,paym5t deadl9e ,! reclamation fee %all be paid n lat] ?an #fj days aft] ! end ( ea* cal5d> ye> beg9n+ ) ! fir/ cal5d> ye> occurr+ aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 7c7 ,submission ( /atem5t ,toge!r ) su* reclamation fee1 all op]ators ( h>drock m9+ op]ations %all submit a /atem5t ( ! am\nt ( displac$ mat]ials produc$ dur+ m9]al activities dur+ ! previ\s cal5d> ye>1 ! accuracy ( :i* %all be sworn to by ! op]ator & not>iz$4 7d7 ,p5alty ,any p]son1 corporate (fic]1 ag5t or director1 on behalf ( a h>drock m9+ op]ation1 :o kn[+ly makes any false /atem5t1 repres5tation or c]tification1 or kn[+ly fails to make any /atem5t1 repres5tation or c]tification requir$ 9 ?is section %all1 ^u conviction1 be puni%$ by a f9e ( n m ?an #aj1jjj4 7e7 ,civil action ,to recov] fee ,any portion ( ! reclamation fee n prop]ly or promptly paid pursuant to ?is section %all be recov]able1 ) /atutory int]e/1 f ! h>drock m9+ op]ations op]ator1 9 any c\rt ( compet5t jurisdiction 9 any action at law to compel paym5t ( debts4 7f7 ,deposit ( rev5ues ,am\nts receiv$ by ! ,secret>y "u subsection 7a77#a7 %all be deposit$ 9 ! ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,cleanup ,fund e/abli%$ by section #bba7;a74 7g7 ,effect ,no?+ 9 ?is section requires a r$uction 91 or o!rwise affects1 any simil> fee requir$ "u any law 7includ+ regulations7 ( any ,/ate4 #bab4 ,fees adju/m5ts 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all adju/ ! fees requir$ by section #baa to reflect *anges 9 ! ,consum] ,price ,index publi%$ by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor e #e ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 or m frequ5tly if ! ,secret>y det]m9es an adju/m5t to be reasonable4 7b7 ,notice ,! ,secret>y %all provide claimants notice ( any adju/m5t made "u ?is section n lat] ?an ,july #a ( any ye> 9 :i* ! adju/m5t is made4 7c7 ,application ,a fee adju/m5t "u ?is section %all beg9 to apply 9 ! cal5d> ye> foll[+ ! cal5d> ye> 9 :i* x is made4 ,b ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,cleanup ,fund #bba4 ,e/abli%m5t ( fund 7a7 ,e/abli%m5t ,!re is e/abli%$ on ! books ( ! ,treasury ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates a sep>ate acc\nt to be kn[n z ! ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,cleanup ,fund 7h]e9aft] 9 ?is subtitle ref]r$ to z ! ,fund7 consi/+ ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,all donations by p]sons1 corporations1 associations1 & f\ndations = ! purposes ( ?is subtitle4 7#b7 ,all am\nts deposit$ 9 ! ,fund "u section #baa4 7#c7 ,all income on inve/m5ts "u subsection 7b74 7b7 ,inve/m5t ,! ,secret>y %all notify ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury z to :at portion ( ! ,fund is n1 9 ! ,secret>y's judgm5t1 requir$ to meet curr5t )drawals4 ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury %all inve/ su* portion ( ! ,fund 9 public debt securities ) maturities suitable = ! ne$s ( su* ,fund & be>+ int]e/ at rates det]m9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ! ,treasury1 tak+ into consid]ation curr5t m>ket yields on out/&+ m>ketplace obligations ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( comp>able maturities4 7c7 ,adm9i/ration 7#a7 ,! ,fund %all be adm9i/]$ by ! ,secret>y1 act+ ?r\gh ! ,director ( ! ,(fice ( ,surface ,m9+ ,reclamation & ,en=cem5t4 7#b7 ,am\nts cr$it$ to ! ,fund %all be available1 )\t fur!r appropriation1 = obligation & exp5diture1 & %all rema9 available until exp5d$4 7#c7 ,! ,secret>y may reta9 su* funds z necess>y = ! adm9i/rative exp5ses ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,indian tribes1 & ! ,/ates to accompli% ! purposes ( ?is subtitle4 7d7 ,exp5ditures ,subject to section #bbb1 am\nts 9 ! ,fund may1 )\t fiscal ye> limitation & )\t fur!r appropriation-- 7#a7 be exp5d$ by ! ,secret>y = ! purposes describ$ 9 section #bbb2 7#b7 be transf]r$ by ! ,secret>y to ! ,director ( ! ,bureau ( ,l& ,managem5t1 ! ,*ief ( ! ,=e/ ,s]vice1 ! ,director ( ! ,national ,p>k ,s]vice1 ! ,director ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,fi% & ,wildlife ,s]vice1 or ! head ( any o!r ,f$]al ag5cy1 t develops1 implem5ts1 & has ! ability to c>ry out all or a significant portion ( a reclamation program "u ?is subtitle2 or 7#c7 be transf]r$ by ! ,secret>y to an ,indian tribe or a ,/ate ) an approv$ reclamation program1 z provid$ 9 subsection 7e74 7e7 ,/ate & tribal reclamation programs 7#a7 ,ea* ,/ate hav+ )9 ! bord]s ( ! ,/ate1 or tribe hav+ )9 ! bord]s ( ! res]vation ( ! tribe1 m9$ l& t is eligible = reclamation "u ?is title may submit to ! ,secret>y a reclamation program = ! l&4 7#b7 ,if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t a ,/ate or tribe has develop$ & submitt$ a program = reclamation ( ab&on$ m9es consi/5t ) ! priorities e/abli%$ "u section #bbb7;c7 & has ! ability & necess>y ,/ate or tribal legislation to implem5t ?is subtitle1 ! ,secret>y %all-- 7,a7 approve ! program2 & 7,b7 grant to ! ,/ate or tribe ! exclusive responsibility & au?ority to implem5t ! approv$ program4 7#c7 ,! ,secret>y %all )draw ! approval & au?orization if ! ,secret>y det]m9es t ! ,/ate or tribal program is n 9 compliance ) proc$ures1 guidel9es1 & requirem5ts e/abli%$ by ! ,secret>y4 7#d7 ,subject to p>agraph 7#c71 any ,/ate program 9 an ab&on$ h>drock m9e ,/ate or tribal program = reclamation ( ab&on$ m9es approv$ "u title ,,iv ( ! ,surface ,m9+ ,control & ,reclamation ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #abca et seq47 be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act & 9 good /&+ ) ! ,secret>y z ( t date %all be consid]$ approv$ "u ?is subtitle4 #bbb4 ,use & objectives ( ! fund 7a7 ,use 7#a7 ,! ,secret>y may1 subject to ! availability ( appropriations1 use am\nts 9 ! ,fund = ! reclamation & re/oration ( l& & wat] res\rces adv]sely affect$ by pa/ h>drock m9]als & m9+ & relat$ activities 9 ab&on$ h>drock m9e ,/ates & on ,indian l& locat$ )9 ! ext]ior b\nd>ies ( ab&on$ h>drock m9e ,/ates1 includ+ ! conduct ( activities-- 7,a7 to protect public heal? & safety2 7,b7 to prev5t1 abate1 treat1 & control wat] pollution creat$ by ab&on$ m9e dra9age1 includ+ activities conduct$ 9 wat]%$s2 7,c7 to reclaim & re/ore ab&on$ surface & und]gr\nd m9$ areas2 7,d7 to reclaim & re/ore ab&on$ mill+ & process+ areas2 7,e7 to backfill1 seal1 or o!rwise control ab&on$ und]gr\nd m9e entries2 7,f7 to revegetate l& adv]sely affect$ by pa/ m9+ activities-- 7i7 to prev5t erosion & s$im5tation2 & 7ii7 = any o!r reclamation purpose2 7,g7 to control surface subsid5ce due to ab&on$ und]gr\nd m9es2 & 7,h7 to enhance fi% & wildlife habitat4 7#b7 ,be=e exp5d+ am\nts 9 ! ,fund = ! purposes describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a71 ! ,secret>y %all make a det]m9ation t no claim hold]1 op]ator1 or o!r p]son :o is legally responsible "u ,f$]al or ,/ate law = ! reclamation ( ! m9e site c be locat$ be=e reclamation "u ?is title ( ! ab&on$ h>drock m9e site beg9s4 7b7 ,allocation ,( ! am\nts deposit$ 9 ! ,fund ea* fiscal ye>-- 7#a7 #cj p]c5t %all be allocat$ by ! ,secret>y = exp5diture by ! ,secret>y or1 if a ,/ate or ,indian tribe has a program approv$ "u section #bba7;e71 by ! ,/ate or ,indian tribe1 9 ! ,/ates 9 :i*1 or on ,indian l& on :i*1 h>drock m9]als are produc$1 bas$ on a =mula reflect+ exi/+ production 9 ! ,/ate or on ! l& ( ! ,indian tribe2 7#b7 #cj p]c5t %all be allocat$ by ! ,secret>y = exp5diture by ! ,secret>y or1 if a ,/ate or ,indian tribe has a program approv$ "u section #bba7;e71 by ! ,/ate or ,indian tribe1 9 ! ,/ates & on ,indian l& us+ a =mula bas$ on ! quantity ( h>drock m9]als hi/orically produc$ 9 ! ,/ate or f ! ,indian l& be=e ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act2 7#c7 #cj p]c5t %all be allocat$ by ! ,secret>y = exp5ditures on high priority ab&on$ m9e sites on ,f$]al & non-,f$]al l& bas$ on ! priorities e/abli%$ 9 subsection 7c72 & 7#d7 #aj p]c5t %all be available to ! ,secret>y = grants "u subsection 7d74 7c7 ,priorities ,exp5ditures ( moneys f ! ,fund %all reflect ! foll[+ priorities 9 ! ord] /at$3 7#a7 ,! protection ( public heal? & safety1 f extreme dang] f ! adv]se effects ( pa/ m9]al activities1 especially z relates to surface wat] & gr\ndwat] contam9ants4 7#b7 ,! protection ( public heal? & safety1 f ! adv]se effects ( pa/ m9]al activities4 7#c7 ,! re/oration ( l&1 wat]1 & fi% & wildlife res\rces previ\sly degrad$ by ! adv]se effects ( pa/ m9]al activities1 :i* may include re/oration activities 9 riv] wat]%$ areas4 7#d7 ,= ! ye>s #bjac ?r\gh #bjah1 ! ,secret>y %all give fir/ priority to & fully fund projects to cleanup & reclaim ab&on$ h>drock m9es-- 7,a7 9 ,/ates & tribal l&s t h previ\sly be5 c]tifi$ = complet+ _! reclamation obligations "u ! ,surface ,m9+ ,control & ,reclamation ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #abja et seq472 & 7,b7 t are curr5tly utiliz+ funds available "u section #daa ( ! ,surface ,m9+ ,control & ,reclamation ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #abja et seq47 to fund ! cleanup ( ab&on$ h>drock m9es4 ,! ,secret>y %all fund1 to ! ext5t t funds are available 9 ! ,ab&on$ ,m9e ,cleanup ,fund1 su* cleanups to ! same level z e/abli%$ by ! =mula e/abli%$ 9 ! ,surface ,m9+ ,control & ,reclamation ,act ( #aigg 7#cj ,u4,s4,c4 #abja et seq47 not)/&+ ! *anges made "u subtitle ,c ( ?is title4 7d7 ,grants to public entities & nonpr(it organizations ,! ,secret>y %all use am\nts made available "u subsection 7b77#d7 to make grants to public entities 7includ+ ,/ate fi% & game ag5cies & local gov]nm5ts7 & nonpr(it organizations 7bas$ on crit]ia e/abli%$ by ! ,secret>y by regulation7 to c>ry out activities t support collaborative re/oration projects to improve fi% & wildlife habitat affect$ by pa/ h>drock m9]als & m9+ activities1 includ+ activities t-- 7#a7 improve wat] quality & quantity2 7#b7 re/ore wat]%$s 9 :i* hi/oric m9+ dewat]$ or o!rwise fragm5t$ /ream habitats2 7#c7 re/ore in/ream habitat conditions necess>y to support aquatic species2 7#d7 re/ore vegetative cov] & /reamside areas to control erosion & improve conditions = fi% & wildlife2 7#e7 control & remove noxi\s we$s & invasive species associat$ ) hi/oric m9+ di/urbances t affect fi% & wildlife2 7#f7 re/ore fi% & wildlife habitat 9 cases 9 :i* previ\s h>drock m9]als & m9+ activity limits fi% & wildlife productivity2 7#g7 protect & re/ore fi% & wildlife habitat 9 areas affect$ by hi/oric m9]als & m9+ activity2 & 7#h7 mitigate impacts to wat]%$s affect$ by pa/ h>drock m9]als & m9+ activities4 7e7 ,habitat ,reclamation & re/oration activities "u ?is subtitle %all include appropriate mitigation measures to provide = ! cont9uation ( any e/abli%$ habitat = wildlife 9 exi/5ce prior to ! comm5cem5t ( su* activities4 7f7 ,response or removal actions ,reclamation & re/oration activities "u ?is subtitle :i* con/itute a removal or rem$ial action "u section #aja ( ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifja71 %all be conduct$ ) ! concurr5ce ( ! ,adm9i/rator ( ! ,environm5tal ,protection ,ag5cy4 ,! ,secret>y & ! ,adm9i/rator %all ent] into a memor&um ( und]/&+ to e/abli% proc$ures = consultation1 concurr5ce1 tra9+1 ex*ange ( te*nical exp]tise1 & jo9t activities "u ! appropriate circum/ances1 t provide assurances t reclamation or re/oration activities "u ?is subtitle %all n be conduct$ 9 a mann] t increases ! co/s or likelihood ( removal or rem$ial actions "u ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response1 ,comp5sation1 & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifja et seq471 & t avoid ov]sight by multiple ag5cies to ! maximum ext5t practicable4 #bbc4 ,eligible l&s & wat]s 7a7 ,eligibility ,reclamation exp5ditures "u ?is subtitle may be made ) respect to ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 local1 tribal1 & private l& or wat] res\rces t trav]se or are contigu\s to ,f$]al1 ,/ate1 local1 tribal1 or private l& :]e su* l&s or wat] res\rces h be5 affect$ by pa/ m9]al activities1 includ+ any ( ! foll[+3 7#a7 ,l&s & wat] res\rces t 7 us$ =1 or affect$ by1 m9]al activities & ab&on$ or left 9 an inadequate reclamation /atus be=e ! effective date ( ?is ,act4 7#b7 ,l&s = :i* ! ,secret>y makes a det]m9ation t !re is no cont9u+ reclamation responsibility ( a claim hold]1 op]ator1 or o!r p]son :o ab&on$ ! site prior to completion ( requir$ reclamation "u ,/ate or o!r ,f$]al laws4 7b7 ,specific ,sites & ,areas ,n ,eligible ,sites & areas designat$ = rem$ial action pursuant to ! ,uranium ,mill ,tail+s ,radiation ,control ,act ( #aigh 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #gija et seq47 or t h be5 li/$ = rem$ial action pursuant to ! ,compreh5sive ,environm5tal ,response ,comp5sation & ,liability ,act ( #aihj 7#db ,u4,s4,c4 #ifja et seq47 %all n be eligible = exp5ditures f ! ,fund "u ?is section4 7c7 ,inv5tory 7#a7 ,! ,secret>y %all prep>e & ma9ta9 a publicly available inv5tory ( ab&on$ h>drock m9]als m9es on public l&s & any ab&on$ h>drock m9]al m9es on ,indian l&s t may be eligible = exp5ditures "u ?is subtitle1 & %all deliv] a ye>ly report to ! ,congress on ! progress 9 cleanup ( su* sites4 7#b7 ,n lat] ?an #e ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 & e #e ye>s !reaft]1 ! ,secret>y %all update ! inv5tory describ$ 9 p>agraph 7#a74 ,c ,adm9i/rative ,provisions #bca4 ,effective date ,?is title %all take effect on ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #bcb4 ,fees adju/m5ts 7a7 ,9 g5]al ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all adju/ ! fees requir$ by section #baa to reflect *anges 9 ! ,consum] ,price ,index publi%$ by ! ,bureau ( ,labor ,/ati/ics ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,labor e #e ye>s aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act1 or m frequ5tly if ! ,secret>y det]m9es an adju/m5t to be reasonable4 7b7 ,notice ,! ,secret>y %all provide claimants notice ( any adju/m5t made "u ?is section n lat] ?an ,july #a ( any ye> 9 :i* ! adju/m5t is made4 7c7 ,application ,a fee adju/m5t "u ?is section %all beg9 to apply 9 ! cal5d> ye> foll[+ ! cal5d> ye> 9 :i* x is made4 #bcc4 ,inspection & monitor+ 7a7 ,inspections ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior %all make inspections ( m9]al activities s z to ensure compliance ) ! requirem5ts ( ?is title4 7b7 ,ancill>y p[]s ,9 connection ) any he>+1 inquiry1 inve/igation1 or audit "u ?is title1 ! ,secret>y may take any ( ! foll[+ actions3 7#a7 ,require1 by special or g5]al ord]1 any p]son to submit 9 writ+ su* affidavits & answ]s to que/ions z ! ,secret>y conc]n$ may reasonably prescribe1 :i* submission %all be made )9 su* reasonable p]iod & "u oa? or o!rwise1 z may be necess>y4 7#b7 ,adm9i/] oa?s4 7#c7 ,require by subpo5a ! att5dance & te/imony ( witnesses & ! production ( all books1 pap]s1 records1 docum5ts1 matt]1 & mat]ials1 z su* ,secret>y may reque/4 7#d7 ,ord] te/imony to be tak5 by deposition be=e any p]son :o is designat$ by su* ,secret>y & :o has ! p[] to adm9i/] oa?s1 & to compel te/imony & ! production ( evid5ce 9 ! same mann] z au?oriz$ "u p>agraph 7#c7 ( ?is subsection4 7#e7 ,pay witnesses ! same fees & mileage z are paid 9 l circum/ances 9 ! c\rts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 7c7 ,en=cem5t ,9 cases ( refusal to obey a subpo5a s]v$ ^u any p]son "u ?is section1 ! di/rict c\rt ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = any di/rict 9 :i* su* p]son is f\nd1 resides1 or transacts bus9ess1 ^u application by ! ,attorney ,g5]al at ! reque/ ( ! ,secret>y conc]n$ & aft] notice to su* p]son1 %all h jurisdiction to issue an ord] requir+ su* p]son to appe> & produce docum5ts be=e ! ,secret>y conc]n$4 ,any failure to obey su* ord] ( ! c\rt may be puni%$ by su* c\rt z contempt !re( & subject to a p5alty ( up to #aj1jjj a day4 7d7 ,entry & access ,)\t advance notice & ^u pres5tation ( appropriate cr$5tials1 ! ,secret>y or any au?oriz$ repres5tative !re(-- 7#a7 %all h ! "r ( entry to1 ^u1 or ?r\gh ! site ( any claim1 m9]al activities1 or any premises 9 :i* any records requir$ to be ma9ta9$ "u ?is title are locat$2 7#b7 may at reasonable times1 & )\t delay1 h access to records1 inspect any monitor+ equipm5t1 or review any me?od ( op]ation requir$ "u ?is title2 7#c7 may engage 9 any "w & d all ?+s necess>y or exp$i5t to implem5t & adm9i/] ! provisions ( ?is title2 & 7#d7 may1 if accompani$ by any appropriate law en=cem5t (fic]1 or an appropriate law en=cem5t (fic] alone1 /op & inspect any motoriz$ =m ( transportation :i* is n on a claim site if he or %e has probable cause to believe su* vehicle is c>ry+ h>drock m9]als1 conc5trates1 or products d]iv$ !refrom f a claim site on ,f$]al l&s or allocat$ to su* claim site4 ,su* inspection %all be = ! purpose ( det]m9+ :e!r ! op]ator ( su* vehicle has ! docum5tation requir$ by law1 if su* docum5tation is requir$ "u ?is title4 #bcd4 ,regulations ,! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior & ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture %all issue su* regulations z are necess>y to implem5t ?is ,act4 ,! regulations implem5t+ subtitle ,b1 subtitle ,c1 subtitle ,d1 & subtitle ,e t affect ! ,=e/ ,s]vice %all be jo9t regulations issu$ by bo? ,secret>ies1 & %all be issu$ no lat] ?an #ahj days aft] ! date ( enactm5t ( ?is ,act4 #bce4 ,availability ( public records ,copies ( records1 reports1 inspection mat]ials1 or in=mation obta9$ by ! ,secret>y ( ! ,int]ior or ! ,secret>y ( ,agriculture "u ?is title %all be made imm$iately available to ! public1 consi/5t ) section #eeb ( title #e1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,code1 9 c5tral & suffici5t locations 9 ! c\nty1 multic\nty1 & ,/ate area ( m9]al activity or reclamation s t su* items are conv5i5tly available to resid5ts 9 ! area propos$ or approv$ = m9]al activities & on ! ,int]net4