,,iv  #aac? ,,congress  #a/ ,session    
,h4 ,,con4 ,,res4 #ba  ,,9 ,,! ,,h\se   
,,( ,,repres5tatives  ,m>* #e1 #bjac    
,mr4 ,k+ ( ,new ,york 7= himself1 ,mr4  
,meeks1 ,mr4 ,/ockman1 ,mr4 ,grimm1 &   
,mr4 ,bi%op ( ,new ,york7 submitt$ !    
foll[+ concurr5t resolution2 :i* 0      
ref]r$ to ! ,committee on ! ,judici>y   
,,concurr5t ,,resolution  ,express+ !   
s5se ( ,congress t ,john ,ar?ur ,jack   
,johnson %\ld receive a po/hum\s p>don =
 ! racially motivat$ conviction 9 #aiac 
t dim9i%$ ! a?letic1 cultural1 & hi/oric
 significance ( ,jack ,johnson & unduly 
t>ni%$ 8 reputation4  ,:]eas ,john      
,ar?ur ,jack ,johnson 0 a flamboyant1   
defiant1 & controv]sial figure 9 !      
hi/ory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o *all5g$     
racial biases2 ,:]eas ,jack ,johnson 0  
born 9 ,galve/on1 ,texas1 9 #ahgh to    
p>5ts :o 7 =m] slaves2 ,:]eas ,jack     
,johnson became a pr(essional box] &    
travel$ ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 fight+ 
,:ite & ,african-,am]ican heavyweights2 
,:]eas aft] be+ d5i$ 7on purely racial  

gr\nds7 ! opportunity to fight #b ,:ite 
*ampions1 9 #aijh1 ,jack ,johnson 0     
grant$ an opportunity by an ,au/ralian  
promot] to fight ! reign+ ,:ite         
title-hold]1 ,tommy ,burns2 ,:]eas ,jack
 ,johnson defeat$ ,tommy ,burns to      
become ! fir/ ,african-,am]ican to hold 
! title ( ,heavyweight ,*ampion ( ! ,_w2
 ,:]eas ! victory by ,jack ,johnson ov] 
,tommy ,burns prompt$ a se>* = a ,:ite  
box] :o c\ld beat ,jack ,johnson1 a     
recruitm5t ef=t t 0 dubb$ ! se>* = !    
great :ite hope2 ,:]eas 9 #aiaj1 a ,:ite
 =m] *ampion nam$ ,jim ,jeffries left   
retirem5t to fight ,jack ,johnson 9     
,r5o1 ,nevada2 ,:]eas ,jim ,jeffries lo/
 to ,jack ,johnson 9 :at 0 deem$ !      
,battle ( ! ,c5tury2 ,:]eas ! defeat (  
,jim ,jeffries by ,jack ,johnson l$ to  
riot+1 aggression aga9/                 
,african-,am]icans1 & ! racially        
motivat$ murd] ( ,african-,am]icans     
nationwide2 ,:]eas ! relation%ips (     
,jack ,johnson ) ,:ite wom5 comp\nd$ !  
res5tm5t felt t[>d him by _m ,:ites2    

,:]eas betwe5 #aija & #aiaj1 #ged       
,african-,am]icans 7 lyn*$1 "s = simply 
= be+ too famili> ) ,:ite wom52 ,:]eas 9
 #aiaj1 ,congress pass$ ! ,act ( ,june  
#be1 #aiaj 7commonly kn[n z ! ,:ite     
,slave ,traffic ,act or ! ,mann ,act7   
7#ah ,u4,s4,c4 #bdba et seq471 :i*      
outlaw$ ! transportation ( wom5 9       
int]/ate or =eign comm]ce = ! purpose ( 
pro/itution or debau*]y1 or = any o!r   
immoral purpose2 ,:]eas 9 ,octob] #aiab1
 ,jack ,johnson became involv$ ) a ,:ite
 woman ^: "m disapprov$ ( _! relation%ip
 & s\ght action f ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,ju/ice1
 claim+ t ,jack ,johnson _h abduct$ h]  
daught]2 ,:]eas ,jack ,johnson 0 arre/$ 
by ,f$]al m>%als on ,octob] #ah1 #aiab1 
= transport+ ! woman across ,/ate l9es =
 an immoral purpose 9 violation ( !     
,mann ,act2 ,:]eas ! ,mann ,act *>ges   
aga9/ ,jack ,johnson 7 dropp$ :5 ! woman
 refus$ to coop]ate ) ,f$]al au?orities1
 & !n m>ri$ ,jack ,johnson2 ,:]eas      
,f$]al au?orities p]si/$ & summon$ a    
,:ite woman nam$ ,belle ,s*reib]1 :o    

te/ifi$ t ,jack ,johnson _h transport$  
h] across ,/ate l9es = ! purpose (      
pro/itution & debau*]y2 ,:]eas 9 #aiac1 
,jack ,johnson 0 convict$ ( violat+ !   
,mann ,act & s5t5c$ to #a ye> & #a day 9
 ,f$]al prison2 ,:]eas ,jack ,johnson   
fl$ ! ,unit$ ,/ates to ,canada & v>i\s  
,european & ,s\? ,am]ican c\ntries2     
,:]eas ,jack ,johnson lo/ ! ,heavyweight
 ,*ampion%ip title to ,jess ,will>d 9   
,cuba 9 #aiae2 ,:]eas ,jack ,johnson    
return$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ,july      
#aibj1 surr5d]$ to au?orities1 & s]v$   
ne>ly a ye> 9 ! ,f$]al p5it5ti>y at     
,leav5wor?1 ,kansas2 ,:]eas ,jack       
,johnson subsequ5tly f\ght 9 box+       
mat*es1 b nev] rega9$ ! ,heavyweight    
,*ampion%ip title2 ,:]eas ,jack ,johnson
 s]v$ 8 c\ntry dur+ ,_w ,w> ,,ii by     
enc\rag+ citiz5s to buy w> bonds &      
p>ticipat+ 9 exhibition box+ mat*es to  
promote ! w> bond cause2 ,:]eas ,jack   
,johnson di$ 9 an automobile accid5t 9  
#aidf2 ,:]eas 9 #aied1 ,jack ,johnson 0 
induct$ into ! ,box+ ,hall ( ,fame2 &   

,:]eas1 on ,july #bi1 #bjji1 ! #aaa?    
,congress agre$ to ,s5ate ,concurr5t    
,resolution #bi1 :i* express$ ! s5se ( !
 #aaa? ,congress t ,jack ,johnson %\ld  
receive a po/hum\s p>don = 8 racially   
motivat$ #aiac conviction3 ,n[1 !re=e1  
be x  ,t x rema9s ! s5se ( ,congress t  
,jack ,johnson %\ld receive a po/hum\s  
p>don--  7#a7 to expunge a racially     
motivat$ abuse ( ! prosecutorial        
au?ority ( ! ,f$]al ,gov]nm5t f ! annals
 ( crim9al ju/ice 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 &  
7#b7 9 recognition ( ! a?letic &        
cultural contributions ( ,jack ,johnson 
to society4