,,an ,,explanation ,,of ,,luther',s ,,small ,,catechism ,a ,handbook for the ,catechetical ,class3 an ,outline and ,analysis for the ,pastor's ,oral ,instruction1 and a ,summary for the ,catechumens' ,study and ,review at ,home ,,by ,,joseph ,,stump1 ,d4,d4 #aiaj ,,preface ,this book aims to present both an analysis of ,luther's ,small ,catechism and a clear1 concise1 yet reasonably full explanation of its contents4 ,it is an attempt1 upon the basis of twenty years' experience and a study of the literature of the subject1 to meet the peculiar wants of the catechetical class in our ,lutheran ,church in ,america4 ,the object of the book is twofold3 first1 to furnish an outline of teaching which the pastor may use as a guide in his oral explanation and questioning2 and secondly1 to furnish a sufficiently complete summary by means of which the catechumens may review the lesson and fix its salient points in their minds4 ,no text-book can1 of course1 adequately supply the parenetical side of the catechetical instruction or take the place of the living exposition by the pastor4 ,but it can and should support his work1 so that what he explains at one meeting may not be forgotten before the next meeting1 but may be fixed in the minds of the catechumens by study at home4 ,since the task of the pastor in catechization is not only to impart religious instruction1 but to impart it on the basis of that priceless heritage of our ,church1 ,luther's ,small ,catechism1 the explanation here offered follows the catechism closely4 ,the words of the catechism are printed in heavy-faced type and are used as headings wherever possible2 and thus the words of the catechism may be traced as a thread running through the entire explanation4 ,wherever he deemed it necessary1 the author has added a fuller explanation of the text of the catechism than that which ,luther gives1 and has supplemented its contents with such additional matter as the needs of our catechumens require4 ,he does not agree with those catechetical writers who maintain that the pastor1 in his catechization1 must confine himself to an explanation of ,luther's explanation4 ,such a principle would exclude from the catechetical class much which our catechumens should be taught4 ,but all such additional matters are introduced under an appropriate head as an organic part of the whole explanation1 thus preserving its unity4 ,this book is written in the thetical form instead of the traditional form of questions and answers4 ,there is nothing in the nature of catechization which would require the use of the interrogative form in such a text-book1 and accordingly the thetical form has for years been employed by numerous writers of text-books for the catechetical class in ,germany4 ,while questions have an important place in catechetical instruction1 the matter and not the form is the vital thing4 ,catechization is not a method of instruction by means of questions and answers4 ,neither the original meaning of the word nor the history of catechization justifies such a definition4 7,see my article1 ,a ,brief ,history of ,catechization1 in the ,lutheran ,church ,review1 ,january1 #aijb2 comp4 v4 ,zezschwitz3 ,system der christl4-kirchl4 ,katechetik1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ag seq41 and vol4 ii41 #b4 #a41 pp4 #c seq47 ,and since ,christian truth is not something to be brought forth from the mind of the child by means of questions1 but something divinely revealed and hence to be communicated to the child1 the most natural form in which to set it before him in a text-book is the thetical4 ,luther's catechism itself is1 indeed1 in the form of questions and answers4 ,but his catechism is confessional as well as didactic1 and its words1 memorized by the catechumen1 are to become a personal confession of faith4 ,the explanations of a text-book1 on the other hand1 are not to be memorized1 but are meant to aid the catechumen in grasping the thoughts of the catechism4 ,for this purpose1 the thetical form is better than the interrogative1 because the explanation is not continually broken by questions1 and is thus better adapted to give the catechumens a connected idea of the doctrines taught4 ,each chapter of this explanation is followed by a number of questions4 ,after the pastor has explained a lesson at one meeting1 the catechumens should prepare themselves to give an answer to the printed questions in their own words at the next meeting4 ,the pastor may1 of course1 substitute other questions1 assign additional ones1 or eliminate some4 ,the proof passages for the teachings set forth are cited in the margin4 ,the more important passages1 particularly those which the catechumens may be expected to memorize1 are specially indicated by a dagger 771 and are printed in full at the end of the chapter4 ,the use of a ,scripture lesson is1 of course1 optional with the pastor4 ,one is indicated1 however1 for each chapter1 and may be read in class or be assigned to the catechumens to be read at home4 ,the ,scriptural illustrations are cited for the convenience of the pastor in his oral exposition4 ,the division into chapters has been regulated by the subject-matter1 and will1 it is hoped1 aid in the survey of the contents of the book as a whole4 ,it is not intended that each chapter shall necessarily constitute one lesson4 ,some lessons will doubtless include only a part of a chapter1 while others will include several chapters1 as the pastor may determine4 ,while the author1 in the preparation of this explanation of ,luther's catechism1 has gone his own way1 careful consideration has been given to the voice of those whose study of the problems involved entitled them to be heard4 ,luther's other catechetical writings1 the standard theoretical works on ,catechetics1 and numerous monographs have been constantly at hand4 ,explanations of the catechism for the use of pastors and teachers have been freely consulted1--among others1 those of ,schuetze1 ,fricke1 ,mehliss1 ,kahle1 ,zuck1 ,kaftan1 v4 ,zezschwitz1 ,palmer1 ,harnack1 ,nissen1 ,hempel1 ,schultze1 ,th4 ,hardeland1 ,o4 ,hardeland1 ,nebe1 ,buchrucker1 and ,cremer4 ,acknowledgment is due also to the authors of numerous ,american and ,german text-books and helps for the catechetical class1 whose works have been carefully scanned1 in order that the fruits of past experience and the best results of former labors in this field might1 if possible1 be embodied in this work4 ,may the ,lord bless this explanation of ,luther's ,small ,catechism to the upbuilding of ,his kingdom and the glory of ,his name4 ,,joseph ,,stump4 ,,phillipburg1 ,n4 ,j41 ,,reformation ,,day1 #aijg4 ,,luther',s ,,preface ,martin ,luther to all faithful and godly ,pastors and ,preachers3 ,grace1 ,mercy and ,peace1 in ,jesus ,christ1 our ,lord6 ,the deplorable condition in which ,i found religious affairs during a recent visitation of the congregations1 has impelled me to publish this ,catechism1 or statement of the ,christian doctrine1 after having prepared it in very brief and simple terms4 ,alas6 what misery ,i beheld6 ,the people1 especially those who live in the villages1 seem to have no knowledge whatever of ,christian doctrine1 and many of the pastors are ignorant and incompetent teachers4 ,and1 nevertheless1 they all maintain that they are ,christians1 that they have been baptized1 and that they have received the ,lord's ,supper4 ,yet they cannot recite the ,lord's ,prayer1 the ,creed1 or the ,ten ,commandments2 they live as if they were irrational creatures1 and now that the ,gospel has come to them1 they grossly abuse their ,christian liberty4 ,ye bishops6 what answer will ye give to ,christ for having so shamefully neglected the people1 and paid no attention to the duties of your office8 ,i invoke no evil on your heads4 ,but you withhold the cup in the ,lord's ,supper1 insist on the observance of your human laws1 and yet1 at the same time1 do not take the least interest in teaching the people the ,lord's ,prayer1 the ,creed1 the ,ten ,commandments1 or any other part of the word of ,god4 ,woe unto you6 ,wherefore ,i beseech you in the ,name of ,god1 my beloved brethren1 who are pastors or preachers1 to engage heartily in the discharge of the duties of your office1 to have mercy on the people who are entrusted to your care1 and to assist us in introducing the ,catechism among them1 and especially among the young4 ,and if any of you do not possess the necessary qualifications1 ,i beseech you to take at least the following forms1 and read them1 word for word1 to the people1 on this wise3-- ,in the first place2 let the preacher take the utmost care to avoid all changes or variations in the text and wording of the ,ten ,commandments1 the ,lord's ,prayer1 the ,creed1 the ,sacraments1 etc4 ,let him1 on the contrary1 take each of the forms respectively1 adhere to it1 and repeat it anew1 year after year4 ,for young and inexperienced people cannot be successfully instructed1 unless we adhere to the same text or the same forms of expression4 ,they easily become confused1 when the teacher at one time employs a certain form of words and expressions1 and1 at another1 apparently with a view to make improvements1 adopts a different form4 ,the result of such a course will he1 that all the time and labor which we have expended will be lost4 ,this point was well understood by our venerable fathers1 who were accustomed to use the same words in teaching the ,lord's ,prayer1 the ,creed1 and the ,ten ,commandments4 ,we1 too1 should follow this plan when we teach these things1 particularly in the case of the young and ignorant1 not changing a single syllable1 nor introducing any variations when1 year after year1 we recur to these forms and recite them anew before our hearers4 ,choose1 therefore1 the form of words which best pleases you1 and adhere to it perpetually4 ,when you preach in the presence of intelligent and learned men1 you are at liberty to exhibit your knowledge and skill1 and may present and discuss these subjects in all the varied modes which are at your command4 ,but when you are teaching the young1 retain the same form and manner without change2 teach them1 first of all1 the ,ten ,commandments1 the ,creed1 the ,lord's ,prayer1 etc41 always presenting the same words of the text1 so that those who learn can repeat them after you1 and retain them in the memory4 ,but if any refuse to receive your instructions1 tell them plainly that they deny ,christ and are not ,christians2 such persons shall not be admitted to the ,lord's ,table1 nor present a child for baptism1 nor enjoy any of our ,christian privileges1 but are to be sent back to the pope and his agents1 and1 indeed1 to ,satan himself4 ,their parents and employers should1 besides1 refuse to furnish them with food and drink1 and notify them that the government was disposed to banish from the country all persons of such a rude and intractable character4 ,for although we cannot1 and should not1 compel them to exercise faith1 we ought1 nevertheless1 to instruct the great mass with all diligence1 so that they may know how to distinguish between right and wrong in their conduct towards those with whom they live1 or among whom they desire to earn their living4 ,for whoever desires to reside in a city1 and enjoy the rights and privileges which its laws confer1 is also bound to know and obey those laws4 ,god grant that such persons may become sincere believers6 ,but if they remain dishonest and vicious1 let them at least withhold from public view the vices of their hearts4 ,in the second place2 when those whom you are instructing have become familiar with the words of the text1 it is time to teach them to understand the meaning of those words1 so that they may become acquainted with the object and purport of the lesson4 ,then proceed to another of the following forms1 or1 at your pleasure1 choose any other which is brief1 and adhere strictly to the same words and forms of expression in the text1 without altering a single syllable2 besides1 allow yourself ample time for the lessons4 ,for it is not necessary that you should1 on the same occasion1 proceed from the beginning to the end of the several parts2 it will be more profitable if you present them separately1 in regular succession4 ,when the people have1 for instance1 at length correctly understood the ,first ,commandment1 you may proceed to the ,second1 and so continue4 ,by neglecting to observe this mode1 the people will be overburdened1 and be prevented from understanding and retaining in memory any considerable part of the matter communicated to them4 ,in the third place2 when you have thus reached the end of this ,short ,catechism1 begin anew with the ,large ,catechism1 and by means of it furnish the people with fuller and more comprehensive explanations4 ,explain here at large every ,commandment1 every ,petition1 and1 indeed1 every part1 showing the duties which they severally impose1 and both the advantages which follow the performance of those duties1 and also the dangers and losses which result from the neglect of them4 ,insist in an especial manner on such4 ,commandments or other parts as seem to be most of all misunderstood or neglected by your people4 ,it will1 for example1 be necessary that you should enforce with the utmost earnestness the ,seventh ,commandment1 which treats of stealing1 when you are teaching workmen1 dealers and even farmers and servants1 inasmuch as many of these are guilty of various dishonest and thievish practices4 ,so1 too1 it will be your duty to explain and apply the ,fourth ,commandment with great diligence1 when you are teaching children and uneducated adults1 and to urge them to observe order1 to be faithful1 obedient and peaceable1 as well as to adduce numerous instances mentioned in the ,scriptures1 which show that ,god punished such as were guilty in these things1 and blessed the obedient4 ,here1 too1 let it be your great aim to urge magistrates and parents to rule wisely1 and to educate the children1 admonishing them1 at the same time1 that such duties are imposed on them1 and showing them how grievously they sin if they neglect them4 ,for in such a case they overthrow and lay waste alike the kingdom of ,god and the kingdom of the world1 acting as if they were the worst enemies both of ,god and man4 ,and show them very plainly the shocking evils of which they are the authors1 when they refuse their aid in training up children to be pastors1 preachers1 writers1 etc41 and set forth that on account of such sins ,god will inflict an awful punishment upon them4 ,it is1 indeed1 necessary to preach on these things2 for parents and magistrates are guilty of sins in this respect1 which are so great that there are no terms in which they can be described4 ,and truly1 ,satan has a cruel design in fostering these evils4 ,finally2 inasmuch as the people are now relieved from the tyranny of the pope1 they refuse to come to the ,lord's ,table1 and treat it with contempt4 ,on this point1 also1 it is very necessary that you should give them instructions1 while1 at the same time1 you are to be guided by the following principles3 ,that we are to compel no one to believe1 or to receive the ,lord's ,supper2 that we are not to establish any laws on this point1 or appoint the time and place2 but that we should so preach as to influence the people1 without any law adopted1 by us1 to urge1 and1 as it were1 to compel us who are pastors1 to administer the ,lord's ,supper to them4 ,now this object may be attained1 if we address them in the following manner2 ,it is to be feared that he who does not desire to receive the ,lord's ,supper at least three or four times during the year1 despises the ,sacrament1 and is no ,christian4 ,so1 too1 he is no ,christian1 who neither believes nor obeys the ,gospel2 for ,christ did not say3 ,omit or despise this1 but ,this do ye1 as oft as ye drink it1 etc4 ,he commands that this should be done1 and by no means be neglected and despised4 ,he says3 ,this do4 ,now he who does not highly value the ,sacrament1 shows thereby that he has no sin1 no flesh1 no devil1 no world1 no death1 no danger1 no hell2 that is to say1 he does not believe that such evils exist1 although he may be deeply immersed in them1 and completely belong to the devil4 ,on the other hand1 he needs no grace1 no life1 no ,paradise1 no heaven1 no ,christ1 no ,god1 no good thing4 ,for if he believed that he was involved in such evils1 and that he was in need of such blessings1 he could not refrain from receiving the ,sacrament1 wherein aid is afforded against such evils1 and1 again1 such blessings are bestowed4 ,it will not be necessary to compel him by the force of any law to approach the ,lord's ,table2 he will hasten to it of his own accord1 will compel himself to come1 and indeed urge you to administer the ,sacrament to him4 ,hence1 you are by no means to adopt any compulsory law in this case1 as the ,pope has done4 ,let it simply be your aim to set forth distinctly the advantages and losses1 the wants and the benefits1 the dangers and the blessings1 which are to be considered in connection with the ,sacrament2 the people will1 doubtless1 then seek it without urgent demands on your part4 ,if they still refuse to come forward1 let them choose their own ways1 and tell them that those who do not regard their own spiritual misery1 and do not desire the gracious help of ,god1 belong to ,satan4 ,but if you do not give such solemn admonitions1 or if you adopt odious compulsory laws on the subject1 it is your own fault if the people treat the ,sacrament with contempt4 ,will they not necessarily be slothful1 if you are silent and sleep8 ,therefore consider the subject seriously1 ye ,pastors and ,preachers6 ,our office has now assumed a very different character from that which it bore under the ,pope2 it is now of a very grave nature1 and is very salutary in its influence4 ,it consequently subjects us to far greater burdens and labors1 dangers and temptations1 while it brings with it an inconsiderable reward1 and very little gratitude in the world4 ,but ,christ himself will be our reward1 if we labor with fidelity4 ,may ,he grant such mercy unto us who is the ,father of all grace1 to whom be given thanks and praises through ,christ1 our ,lord1 for ever6 ,amen4 ,,wittenberg1 ,a4,d4 #aebi4 ,,the ,,small ,,catechism ,,part ,i4 ,,the ,,ten ,,commandments4 ,in the plain form in which they are to be taught by the head of a family4 ,,the ,,first ,,commandment4 ,i am the ,lord thy ,god4 ,thou shalt have no other gods before ,me4 ,thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above1 or that is in the earth beneath1 or that is in the water under the earth2 thou shalt not bow down thyself to them1 nor serve them2 for ,i the ,lord thy ,god am a jealous ,god1 visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate ,me2 and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love ,me1 and keep my commandments4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,answer4 ,we should fear1 love1 and trust in ,god above all things4 ,,the ,,second ,,commandment4 ,thou shalt not take the ,name of the ,lord thy ,god in vain2 for the ,lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh ,his ,name in vain4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to curse1 swear1 conjure1 lie1 or deceive1 by ,his ,name1 but call upon ,him in every time of need1 and worship ,him with prayer1 praise1 and thanksgiving4 ,,the ,,third ,,commandment4 ,remember the ,sabbath-day1 to keep it holy4 ,six days shalt thou labor1 and do all thy work2 but the seventh day is the ,sabbath of the ,lord thy ,god3 in it thou shalt not do any work1 thou1 nor thy son1 nor thy daughter1 thy man-servant1 nor thy maid-servant1 nor thy cattle1 nor thy stranger that is within thy gates3 for in six days the ,lord made heaven and earth1 the sea1 and all that in them is1 and rested the seventh day2 wherefore the ,lord blessed the ,sabbath day1 and hallowed it4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to despise ,his ,word and the preaching of the ,gospel1 but deem it holy1 and willing to hear and learn it4 ,,the ,,fourth ,,commandment4 ,honor thy father and thy mother1 that thy days may be long upon the land which the ,lord thy ,god giveth thee4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to despise nor displease our parents and superiors1 but honor1 serve1 obey1 love1 and esteem them4 ,,the ,,fifth ,,commandment4 ,thou shalt not kill4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to do our neighbor any bodily harm or injury1 but rather assist and comfort him in danger and want4 ,,the ,,sixth ,,commandment4 ,thou shalt not commit adultery4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as to be chaste and pure in our words and deeds1 each one also loving and honoring his wife or her husband4 ,,the ,,seventh ,,commandment4 ,thou shalt not steal4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to rob our neighbor of his money or property1 nor bring it into our possession by unfair dealing or fraudulent means1 but rather assist him to improve and protect it4 ,,the ,,eighth ,,commandment4 ,thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not deceitfully to belie1 betray1 slander1 nor raise injurious reports against our neighbor1 but apologize for him1 speak well of him1 and put the most charitable construction on all his actions4 ,,the ,,ninth ,,commandment4 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to desire by craftiness to gain possession of our neighbor's inheritance or home1 or to obtain it under the pretext of a legal right1 but be ready to assist and serve him in the preservation of his own4 ,,the ,,tenth ,,commandment4 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife1 nor his manservant1 nor his maid-servant1 nor his ox1 nor his ass1 nor anything that is thy neighbor's4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,ans4 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to alienate our neighbor's wife from him1 entice away his servants1 nor let loose his cattle1 but use our endeavors that they may remain and discharge their duty to him4 ,what does ,god declare concerning all these ,commandments8 ,ans4 ,he says3 ,i the ,lord thy ,god am a jealous ,god1 visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate ,me2 and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love ,me and keep my commandments4 ,what is meant by this declaration8 ,ans4 ,god threatens to punish all those who transgress these commandments4 ,we should1 therefore1 dread ,his displeasure1 and not act contrarily to these commandments4 ,but ,he promises grace and every blessing to all who keep them4 ,we should1 therefore1 love and trust in ,him1 and cheerfully do what ,he has commanded us4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,,the ,,creed4 ,in the plain form in which it is to be taught by the head of a family4 ,,first ,,article4--,,of ,,creation4 ,i believe in ,god the ,father ,almighty1 ,maker of heaven and earth4 ,what is meant by this ,article8 ,ans4 ,i believe that ,god has created me and all that exists2 that ,he has given and still preserves to me my body and soul with all my limbs and senses1 my reason and all the faculties of my mind1 together with my raiment1 food1 home1 and family1 and all my property2 that ,he daily provides me abundantly with all the necessaries of life1 protects me from all danger1 and preserves me and guards me against all evil2 all which ,he does out of pure1 paternal1 and divine goodness and mercy1 without any merit or worthiness in me2 for all which ,i am in duty bound to thank1 praise1 serve1 and obey ,him4 ,this is most certainly true4 ,,second ,,article4--,,of ,,redemption4 ,and in ,jesus ,christ ,his only ,son1 our ,lord2 who was conceived by the ,holy ,ghost1 born of the ,virgin ,mary2 suffered under ,pontius ,pilate1 was crucified1 dead1 and buried2 ,he descended into hell2 the third day ,he rose again from the dead2 ,he ascended into heaven1 and sitteth on the right hand of ,god the ,father ,almighty2 from thence ,he shall come to judge the quick and the dead4 ,what is meant by this ,article8 ,ans4 ,i believe that ,jesus ,christ1 true ,god1 begotten of the ,father from eternity1 and also true man1 born of the ,virgin ,mary1 is my ,lord2 who has redeemed me1 a lost and condemned creature1 secured and delivered me from all sins1 from death1 and from the power of the devil1 not with silver and gold1 but with ,his holy and precious blood1 and with ,his innocent sufferings and death2 in order that ,i might be ,his1 live under ,him in ,his kingdom1 and serve ,him in everlasting righteousness1 innocence1 and blessedness2 even as ,he is risen from the dead1 and lives and reigns to all eternity4 ,this is most certainly true4 ,,third ,,article4--,,of ,,sanctification4 ,i believe in the ,holy ,ghost2 the holy ,christian ,church1 the ,communion of ,saints2 the ,forgiveness of sins2 the ,resurrection of the body2 and the ,life everlasting4 ,amen4 ,what is meant by this ,article8 ,ans4 ,i believe that ,i cannot by my own reason or strength believe in ,jesus ,christ my ,lord1 or come to ,him2 but the ,holy ,ghost has called me through the ,gospel1 enlightened me by ,his gifts1 and sanctified and preserved me in the true faith2 in like manner as ,he calls1 gathers1 enlightens1 and sanctifies the whole ,christian ,church on earth1 and preserves it in union with ,jesus ,christ in the true faith2 in which ,christian ,church ,he daily forgives abundantly all my sins1 and the sins of all believers1 and will raise up me and all the dead at the last day1 and will grant everlasting life to me and to all who believe in ,christ4 ,this is most certainly true4 ,,part ,,iii4 ,,the ,,lord',s ,,prayer4 ,in the plain form in which it is to be taught by the head of a family4 ,,introduction4 ,our ,father ,who art in heaven4 ,what is meant by this ,introduction8 ,ans4 ,god would thereby affectionately encourage us to believe that ,he is truly our ,father1 and that we are ,his children indeed1 so that we may call upon ,him with all cheerfulness and confidence1 even as beloved children entreat their affectionate parent4 ,,first ,,petition4 ,hallowed be ,thy ,name4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,ans4 ,the ,name of ,god is indeed holy in itself2 but we pray in this petition that it may be hallowed also by us4 ,how is this effected8 ,ans4 ,when the ,word of ,god is taught in its truth and purity1 and we1 as the children of ,god1 lead holy lives1 in accordance with it2 to this may our blessed ,father in heaven help us6 ,but whoever teaches and lives otherwise than as ,god's ,word prescribes1 profanes the ,name of ,god among us2 from this preserve us1 ,heavenly ,father6 ,,second ,,petition4 ,thy kingdom come4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,ans4 ,the kingdom of ,god comes indeed of itself1 without our prayer2 but we pray in this petition that it may come unto us also4 ,when is this effected8 ,ans4 ,when our ,heavenly ,father gives us ,his ,holy ,spirit1 so that by ,his grace we believe ,his holy ,word1 and live a godly life here on earth1 and in heaven for ever4 ,,third ,,petition4 ,thy will be done on earth1 as it is in heaven4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,ans4 ,the good and gracious will of ,god is done indeed without our prayer2 but we pray in this petition that it may be done by us also4 ,when is this effected8 ,ans4 ,when ,god frustrates and brings to naught every evil counsel and purpose1 which would hinder us from hallowing the ,name of ,god1 and prevent ,his kingdom from coming to us1 such as the will of the devil1 of the world1 and of our own flesh2 and when ,he strengthens us1 and keeps us steadfast in ,his ,word1 and in the faith1 even unto our end4 ,this is ,his gracious and good will4 ,,fourth ,,petition4 ,give us this day our daily bread4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,ans4 ,god gives indeed without our prayer even to the wicked also their daily bread2 but we pray in this petition that ,he would make us sensible of ,his benefits1 and enable us to receive our daily bread with thanksgiving4 ,what is implied in the words3 ,our daily bread8 ,ans4 ,all things that pertain to the wants and the support of this present life2 such as food1 raiment1 money1 goods1 house and land1 and other property2 a believing spouse and good children2 trustworthy servants and faithful magistrates2 favorable seasons1 peace and health2 education and honor2 true friends1 good neighbors1 and the like4 ,,fifth ,,petition4 ,and forgive us our trespasses1 as we forgive those who trespass against us4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,ans4 ,we pray in this petition1 that our ,heavenly ,father would not regard our sins1 nor deny us our requests on account of them2 for we are not worthy of anything for which we pray1 and have not merited it2 but that ,he would grant us all things through grace1 although we daily commit much sin1 and deserve chastisement alone4 ,we will therefore1 on our part1 both heartily forgive1 and also readily do good to those who may injure or offend us4 ,,sixth ,,petition4 ,and1 lead us not into temptation4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,ans4 ,god indeed tempts no one to sin2 but we pray in this petition that ,god would so guard and preserve us1 that the devil1 the world1 and our own flesh1 may not deceive us1 nor lead us into error and unbelief1 despair1 and other great and shameful sins2 and that1 though we may be thus tempted1 we may1 nevertheless1 finally prevail and gain the victory4 ,,seventh ,,petition4 ,but deliver us from evil4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,ans4 ,we pray in this petition1 as in a summary1 that our ,heavenly ,father would deliver us from all manner of evil1 whether it affect the body or soul1 property or character1 and1 at last1 when the hour of death shall arrive1 grant us a happy end1 and graciously take as from this world of sorrow to ,himself in heaven4 ,,conclusion4 ,for ,thine is the kingdom1 and the power1 and the glory1 for ever and ever4 ,amen4 ,what is meant by the word ,amen8 ,ans4 ,that ,i should be assured that such petitions are acceptable to our ,heavenly ,father1 and are heard by ,him2 for ,he ,himself has commanded us to pray in this manner1 and has promised that ,he will hear us4 ,amen1 ,amen1 that is1 ,yea1 yea1 it shall be so4 ,,part ,,iv4 ,,the ,,sacrament ,,of ,,holy ,,baptism4 ,in the plain form in which it is to be taught by the head of a family4 ,i4 ,what is ,baptism8 ,ans4 ,baptism is not simply water1 but it is the water comprehended in ,god's command1 and connected with ,god's ,word4 ,what is that ,word of ,god8 ,ans4 ,it is that which our ,lord ,jesus ,christ spoke1 as it is recorded in the last chapter of ,matthew1 verse #ai3 ,go ye1 and teach all nations1 baptizing them in the ,name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,,ii4 ,what gifts or benefits does ,baptism confer8 ,ans4 ,it works forgiveness of sins1 delivers from death and the devil1 and confers everlasting salvation on all who believe1 as the ,word and promise of ,god declare4 ,what are such words and promises of ,god8 ,ans4 ,those which our ,lord ,jesus ,christ spoke1 as they are recorded in the last chapter of ,mark1 verse #af3 ,he that believeth and is baptized1 shall be saved2 but he that believeth not1 shall be damned4 ,,iii4 ,how can water produce such great effects8 ,ans4 ,it is not the water indeed that produces these effects1 but the ,word of ,god which accompanies and is connected with the water1 and our faith1 which relies on the ,word of ,god connected with the water4 ,for the water1 without the ,word of ,god1 is simply water and no baptism4 ,but when connected with the ,word of ,god1 it is a baptism1 that is1 a gracious water of life1 and a washing of regeneration in the ,holy ,ghost2 as ,st4 ,paul says to ,titus1 in the third chapter1 verses #e-h3 ,according to ,his mercy ,he saved us1 by the washing of regeneration1 and renewing of the ,holy ,ghost2 which ,he shed on us abundantly through ,jesus ,christ our ,saviour2 that being justified by ,his grace1 we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life4 ,this is a faithful saying4 ,,iv4 ,what does such baptizing with water signify8 ,ans4 ,it signifies that the old ,adam in us is to be drowned1 and destroyed by daily sorrow and repentance1 together with all sins and evil lusts2 and that again1 the new man should daily come forth and rise1 that shall live in the presence of ,god in righteousness and purity forever4 ,where is it so written8 ,ans4 ,st4 ,paul1 in the ,epistle to the ,romans1 chapter #f1 verse #d1 says3 ,we are buried with ,christ by ,baptism into death2 that like as ,he was raised up from the dead by the glory of the ,father1 even so we also should walk in newness of life4 ,,of ,,confession4 ,what is ,confession8 ,ans4 ,confession consists of two parts3 the one is1 that we confess our sins2 the other1 that we receive absolution or forgiveness through the pastor as of ,god himself1 in no wise doubting1 but firmly believing that our sins are thus forgiven before ,god in heaven4 ,what sins ought we to confess8 ,ans4 ,in the presence of ,god we should acknowledge ourselves guilty of all manner of sins1 even of those which we do not ourselves perceive2 as we do in the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,but in the presence of the pastor we should confess those sins alone of which we have knowledge1 and which we feel in our hearts4 ,which are these8 ,ans4 ,here reflect on your condition1 according to the ,ten ,commandments1 namely3 ,whether you are a father or mother1 a son or daughter1 a master or mistress1 a manservant or maidservant--whether you have been disobedient1 unfaithful1 slothful--whether you have injured any one by words or actions-whether you have stolen1 neglected1 or wasted aught1 or done other evil4 ,,part ,v4 ,,the ,,sacrament ,,of ,,the ,,altar1 ,,or1 ,,the ,,lord',s ,,supper4 ,in the plain form in which it is to be taught by the head of a family4 ,what is the ,sacrament of the ,altar8 ,ans4 ,it is the true ,body and ,blood of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 under the bread and wine1 given unto us ,christians to eat and to drink1 as it was instituted by ,christ ,himself4 ,where is it so written8 ,ans4 ,the ,holy ,evangelists1 ,matthew1 ,mark1 and ,luke1 together with ,st4 ,paul1 write thus3 ,our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 the same night in which ,he was betrayed1 took bread3 and when ,he had given thanks1 ,he brake it1 and gave it to ,his disciples1 and said1 ,take1 eat2 this is my ,body1 which is given for you3 this do1 in remembrance of ,me4 ,after the same manner also ,he took the cup1 when ,he had supped1 gave thanks1 and gave it to them1 saying1 ,drink ye all of it3 this cup is the new testament in my ,blood1 which is shed for you1 for the remission of sins3 this do1 as oft as ye drink it1 in remembrance of ,me4 ,what benefits are derived from such eating and drinking8 ,ans4 ,they are pointed out in these words2 given and shed for you1 for the remission of sins4 ,namely1 through these words1 the remission of sins1 life and salvation are granted unto us in the ,sacrament4 ,for where there is remission of sins1 there are also life and salvation4 ,how can the bodily eating and drinking produce such great effects8 ,ans4 ,the eating and the drinking1 indeed1 do not produce them1 but the words which stand here1 namely3 given1 and shed for you1 for the remission of sins4 ,these words are1 besides the bodily eating and drinking1 the chief things in the ,sacrament2 and he who believes these words1 has that which they declare and set forth1 namely1 the remission of sins4 ,who is it1 then1 that receives this ,sacrament worthily8 ,ans4 ,fasting and bodily preparation are indeed a good external discipline2 but he is truly worthy and well prepared who believes these words1 given and shed for you1 for the remission of sins4 ,but he who does not believe these words1 or who doubts1 is unworthy and unfit3 for the words3 ,,for ,,you1 require truly believing hearts4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,morning ,,and ,,evening ,,prayer4 ,in the plain form in which it is to be taught by the head of a family4 ,,morning4 ,,pp ,in the ,morning1 when thou risest1 thou shalt say3 ,in the ,name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost1 ,amen4 ,,pp ,then1 kneeling or standing1 thou shalt say the ,apostles' ,creed and the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,,pp ,then mayest than say this ,prayer3 ,i give thanks unto ,thee1 ,heavenly ,father1 through ,jesus ,christ ,thy dear ,son1 that ,thou hast protected me through the night from all danger and harm2 and ,i beseech ,thee to preserve and keep me this day also1 from all sin and evil2 that in all my thoughts1 words1 and deeds1 ,i may serve and please ,thee4 ,into ,thy hands ,i commend my body and soul1 and all that is mine4 ,let ,thy holy angel have charge concerning me1 that the wicked one may have no power over me4 ,amen4 ,,pp ,and then shouldst thou go with joy to thy work1 after a ,hymn1 or the ,ten ,commandments1 or whatever thy devotion may suggest4 ,,evening4 ,,pp ,in the ,evening1 when thou goest to bed1 thou shall say3 ,in the ,name of the ,father1 and of the ,son1 and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,amen4 ,,pp ,then1 kneeling or standing1 thou shalt say the ,apostles' ,creed and the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,,pp ,then mayest thou say this ,prayer3 ,i give thanks unto ,thee1 ,heavenly ,father1 through ,jesus ,christ ,thy dear ,son1 that ,thou hast this day so graciously protected me1 and ,i beseech ,thee to forgive me all my sins1 and the wrong which ,i have done1 and by ,thy great mercy defend me from all the perils and dangers of this night4 ,into thy hands ,i commend my body and soul1 and all that is mine4 ,let ,thy holy angel have charge concerning me1 that the wicked one may have no power over me4 ,amen4 ,,pp ,and then lie down1 in peace1 and sleep4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,blessing ,,and ,,thanksgiving ,,at ,,table4 ,in the plain form in which they are to be taught by the head of a family4 ,,before ,,meat4 ,,pp ,before meat1 the members of the family surrounding the table reverently and with folded hands1 there shall be said3 ,the eyes of all wait upon ,thee1 ,o ,lord3 and ,thou givest them their meat in due season4 ,thou openest ,thine hand1 and satisfiest the desire of every living thing4 ,,pp ,then shall be said the ,lord's ,prayer1 and after that this ,prayer3 ,o ,lord ,god1 ,heavenly ,father1 bless unto us these ,thy gifts1 which of ,thy tender kindness ,thou hast bestowed upon us1 through ,jesus ,christ our ,lord4 ,amen4 ,,pp ,after meat1 reverently and with folded hands1 there shall be said3 ,o give thanks unto the ,lord1 for ,he is good3 for ,his mercy endureth for ever4 ,he giveth food to all flesh2 ,he giveth to the beast his food1 and to the young ravens which cry4 ,the ,lord taketh pleasure in them that tear ,him2 in those that hope in ,his mercy1 ,,pp ,then shall be said the ,lord's ,prayer1 and after that this ,prayer3 ,we give thanks1 to ,thee1 ,o ,god4 ,our ,father1 for all ,thy benefits1 through ,jesus ,christ our ,lord1 ,who with ,thee liveth and reigneth1 for ever and ever4 ,amen4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,table ,,of ,,duties4 ,or1 certain passages of the ,scriptures1 selected for various orders and conditions of men1 wherein their respective duties are set forth4 ,,bishops1 ,,pastors1 ,,and ,,preachers4 ,a bishop must be blameless1 the husband of one wife1 vigilant1 sober1 of good behavior1 given to hospitality1 apt to teach2 not given to wine1 no striker1 not greedy of filthy lucre3 but patient1 not a brawler1 not covetous2 one that ruleth well his own house1 having his children in subjection with all gravity2 not a novice1 but holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught1 that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers4--,i ,tim4 #c3b-f2 ,tit4 #a3i4 ,,what ,,duties ,,hearers ,,owe ,,their ,,bishops4 ,even so hath the ,lord ordained that they which preach the ,gospel should live of the ,gospel4--,i ,cor4 #i3ad4 ,let him that is taught in the ,word communicate unto him that teacheth in all good things1--,gal4 #f3f4 ,let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honor1 especially they who labor in word and doctrine4 ,for the ,scripture saith1 ,thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn4 ,and1 ,the laborer is worthy of his reward4--,i ,tim4 #e3ag1 #ah4 ,obey them that have the rule over you1 and submit yourselves2 for they watch for your souls1 as they that must give account1 that they may do it with joy and not with grief2 for that is unprofitable for you4--,heb4 #ac3ag4 ,,magistrates4 ,let every soul be subject unto the higher powers4 ,for there is no power but of ,god2 the powers that be are ordained of ,god2 for rulers are not a terror to good works1 but to the evil4 ,wilt thou then not be afraid of the power8 do that which is good1 and thou shall have praise of the same2 for he is the minister of ,god to thee for good4 ,but if thou do that which is evil1 be afraid2 for he beareth not the sword in vain3 for he is the minister of ,god1 a revenger to execute wrath upon him that doeth evil4--,rom4 #ac3a-d4 ,,what ,,duties ,,subjects ,,owe ,,magistrates4 ,render therefore unto ,caesar the things that are ,caesar's4--,matt4 #bb3ba4 ,let every soul be subject unto the higher powers1 etc4 ,wherefore we must needs be subject1 not only for wrath1 but also for conscience' sake4 ,for this cause pay ye tribute also2 for they are ,god's ministers1 attending continually upon this very thing4 ,render therefore to all their dues2 tribute to whom tribute is due2 custom to whom custom2 fear to whom fear2 honor to whom honor4--,rom4 #ac3a1 #e4 ,i exhort1 therefore1 that1 first of all1 supplications1 prayers1 intercessions1 and giving of thanks be made for all men2 for kings and for all that are in authority1 that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty4--,i ,tim4 #b4 ,put them in mind to be subject to principalities and powers1 etc4--,tit4 #c3a4 ,submit yourselves to every ordinance of man for the ,lord's sake3 whether it be to the king as supreme2 or unto governors as unto them that are sent1 etc4--,i ,pet4 #b3ac4 ,,husbands4 ,ye husbands1 dwell with your wives according to knowledge1 giving honor unto the wife1 as unto the weaker vessel1 and as being heirs together of the grace of life2 that your prayers be not hindered4--#a ,pet4 #c3g4 ,and be not bitter against them4--,col4 #c3ai4 ,,wives4 ,wives submit yourselves unto your husbands1 as unto the ,lord--even as ,sarah obeyed ,abraham1 calling him lord2 whose daughters ye are1 as long as ye do well1 and are not afraid with any amazement4--,eph4 #e3bb2 ,i ,pet4 #c3f4 ,,parents4 ,ye fathers1 provoke not your children to wrath3 but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the ,lord4--,eph4 #f3d4 ,,children4 ,children1 obey your parents in the ,lord3 for this is right4 ,honor thy father and thy mother2 which is the first commandment with promise2 that it may be well with thee1 and thou mayest live long on the earth4--,eph4 #f3a-c4 ,,male ,,and ,,female ,,servants ,,and ,,laborers4 ,servants1 be obedient to them that are your masters according to the flesh1 with fear and trembling1 in singleness of your heart1 as unto ,christ2 not with eye-service1 as men-pleasers2 but as the servants of ,christ doing the will of ,god from the heart2 with good will doing service as to the ,lord1 and not to men2 knowing that whatsoever good thing any man doeth1 the same shall he receive of the ,lord1 whether he be bond or free4--,eph4 #f3e-h ,,masters ,,and ,,mistresses4 ,ye masters1 do the same things unto them1 forbearing threatening2 knowing that your ,master also is in heaven2 neither is there respect of persons with ,him4--,eph4 #f3i ,,young ,,persons ,,in ,,general4 ,likewise1 ye younger1 submit yourselves unto the elder4 ,yea1 all of you be subject one to another1 and be clothed with humility3 for ,god resisteth the proud1 and giveth grace to the humble4 ,humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of ,god1 that ,he may exalt you in due time4--,i ,pet4 #e3e1 #f4 ,,widows4 ,she that is a widow indeed1 and desolate1 trusteth in ,god1 and continueth in supplications and prayers night and day2 but she that liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth4--,i ,tim4 #e3e1 #f4 ,,christians ,,in ,,general4 ,thou shall love thy neighbor as thyself4 ,herein are comprehended all the commandments4--,rom4 #ac3i1 #aj4 ,and persevere in prayer for all men4--,i ,tim4 #b3a1 #b4 ,,an ,,explanation ,,of ,,luther',s ,,small ,,catechism ,,introduction4 ,,chapter ,i4 ,,the ,,bible4 ,,the ,,bible is the inspired and unerring record of what ,god has revealed to men concerning ,himself and the ,way of ,salvation4 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3af1 ,gal4 #a3h ,hence1 if we ask1 ,what must ,i do to be saved8 the answer to our question must be sought in the ,bible4 ,it tells us what to believe and what to do in order that we may belong to ,god's kingdom on earth and in heaven4 ,matt4 #f3cc1 ,acts #af3cj1 ,john #e3ci ,it is the only rule and standard of ,christian faith and life4 ,,why ,,needed4 ,even without the ,bible1 men know that there is a ,higher ,being4 ,their own conscience tells them that there is a ,god who will punish them if they do wrong2 ,rom #b3ad1 #ae and the works of nature proclaim that there is an ,almighty ,being who created them4 ,ps4 #ai3a ,but the knowledge of ,god which men gain from their own conscience and from nature is insufficient4 ,neither nature nor conscience can tell us anything about the ,way of ,salvation which ,god has prepared for us in ,jesus ,christ4 ,it is only from the ,bible that we can learn how we shall be saved4 ,,its ,,inspiration4 ,the ,bible is the ,word of ,god4 ,it was written by holy men whom ,god inspired4 ,,ii ,pet4 #a3ba ,it contains knowledge which no man could have discovered by his own power4 ,it foretells events which no uninspired man could have foreseen4 ,it contains teachings so exalted and holy that they could not have originated in the heart of man4 ,it possesses a power such as no merely human book ever did or could possess4 ,heb4 #d3ab ,,its ,,object is to make us wise unto salvation4 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3ae1 ,prov #i3aj ,it is to be a lamp unto our feet and a light unto our path ,ps4 #aai3aje to guide us safely through this world to our heavenly home4 ,it contains all that we need to know and all that we ever shall know in this world concerning ,god and ,his will4 ,luke3 #f3ca ,it is the final and absolute authority in all matters of religion4 ,we should1 therefore1 pay most earnest heed to its teachings1 believe them with all our heart1 and apply them in our lives4 ,,its ,,contents4 ,it consists of sixty-six books1 written between the years #aejj ,b4,c4 and #ajj ,a4,d41 and contains the ,history and the ,doctrines of the ,kingdom of ,god4 ,,old ,,and ,,new ,,testaments4 ,the ,bible consists of two parts3 ,the ,old ,testament and the ,new ,testament1 ,the ,old ,testament reaches from ,creation to about #djj ,b4,c41 and shows how ,god prepared the world for ,christ's kingdom4 ,the ,new ,testament reaches from the birth of ,christ to the end of the world1 and shows how ,christ came and established ,his kingdom4 ,,law ,,and ,,gospel4 ,the ,bible contains ,law1 ,micah #f3h telling us what we must do1 and ,gospel1 ,john #c3af telling us how we are to be saved4 ,the ,old ,testament contains principally ,law1 and the ,new ,testament contains principally ,gospel4 ,but there are ,law and ,gospel in both4 ,the ,gospel in the ,old ,testament is prophetical4 ,the ,old ,testament prepared the way for the ,new2 the ,new ,testament is the fulfilment of the ,old4 ,with the ,new ,testament1 ,god's revelation to men was completed2 ,heb4 #a3a1 #b1 ,heb4 #b3a-c no further revelation will be given4 ,,the ,,books ,,of ,,the ,,old ,,testament4 ,historical4 ,genesis1 ,exodus1 ,leviticus1 ,numbers1 ,deuteronomy1 ,joshua1 ,judges1 ,ruth1 ,i ,samuel1 ,,ii ,samuel1 ,i ,kings1 ,,ii ,kings1 ,i ,chronicles1 ,,ii ,chronicles1 ,ezra1 ,nehemiah1 ,esther4 ,poetical4 ,job1 ,psalms1 ,proverbs1 ,ecclesiastes1 ,song of ,solomon4 ,prophetical4 ,isaiah1 ,jeremiah1 ,lamentations1 ,ezekiel1 ,daniel1 ,hosea1 ,joel1 ,amos1 ,obadiah1 ,jonah1 ,micah1 ,nahum1 ,habakkuk1 ,zephaniah1 ,haggai1 ,zechariah1 ,malachi4 ,the historical books of the ,old ,testament give an account of the creation of the world and of man1 of the entrance of sin and death1 of ,god's covenant with ,israel to save them1 and of the history of ,israel as ,god's chosen people4 ,the poetical books give the teachings of the ,old ,testament covenant in prayers1 proverbs and hymns4 ,the prophetical books contain many instructions1 admonitions and prophecies 7especially concerning ,christ who should come to save men7 which ,god sent to the ,israelites through the prophets4 ,the first four prophets are called the ,major ,prophets2 and the last twelve1 the ,minor ,prophets4 ,,the ,,books ,,of ,,the ,,new ,,testament4 ,historical4 ,matthew1 ,mark1 ,luke1 ,john1 ,acts4 ,didactical4 ,romans1 ,i ,corinthians1 ,,ii ,corinthians1 ,galatians1 ,ephesians1 ,philippians1 ,colossians1 ,i ,thessalonians1 ,,ii ,thessalonians1 ,i ,timothy1 ,,ii ,timothy1 ,titus1 ,philemon1 ,hebrews1 ,james1 ,i ,peter1 ,,ii ,peter1 ,i ,john1 ,,ii ,john1 ,,iii ,john1 ,jude ,prophetical4 ,revelation4 ,the historical books of the ,new ,testament give an account of the life of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ and of some of ,his apostles4 ,the didactical books 7the epistles or letters7 explain the ,gospel of ,christ more fully1 and show how we are to believe in ,him aright and live aright4 ,the prophetical book tells in figurative language what shall take place in the ,church of ,christ up to the time when there shall be new heavens and a new earth4 ,,canonical ,,books4 ,the sixty-six books enumerated above are inspired1 and are called the ,canonical ,books of the ,old and ,new ,testaments4 ,the so-called ,apocryphal ,books1 printed in some editions of the ,bible1 are not a part of the ,bible3 they are not inspired4 ,,our ,,english ,,bible4 ,the ,old ,testament was originally written in ,hebrew1 and the ,new ,testament in ,greek4 ,our ,english ,bible is a translation from the ,hebrew and the ,greek4 ,the ,english ,bible which is in ordinary use is called the ,authorized ,version1 or ,king ,james' ,version4 ,it is a translation made by a body of learned men and published in ,england in #afaa1 during the reign of ,james ,i4 ,the ,revised ,version is an improved translation made by a body of learned men in ,england and ,america and published in #ahha-ahhe4 ,the ,bible in whole or in part has been translated into more than three hundred languages4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is the ,bible8 #b4 ,what does it tell us8 #c4 ,why do we need it8 #d4 ,why do we say that the ,bible is the ,word of ,god8 #e4 ,what is its object8 #f4 ,what does it contain8 #g4 ,of what two parts does the ,bible consist1 and how far do they reach8 #h4 ,what do we mean by ,law and ,gospel1 and where are they found8 #i4 ,what is the relation between the ,old and ,new ,testaments8 #aj4 ,name the books of the ,old ,testament4 #aa4 ,what do the historical1 poetical and prophetical books of the ,old ,testament contain4 #ab4 ,name the books of the ,new ,testament4 #ac4 ,what do the historical1 didactical and prophetical books of the ,new ,testament contain8 #ad4 ,how many canonical books of the ,bible are there8 #ae4 ,in what languages was the ,bible originally written8 #af4 ,tell what you know about the ,english ,bible8 #ag4 ,into how many languages has the ,bible in whole or in part been translated8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,,ii ,tim4 #c3af1 #ag4 ,all ,scripture is given by inspiration of ,god1 and is profitable for doctrine1 for reproof1 for correction1 for instruction in righteousness3 that the man of ,god may be perfect1 thoroughly furnished unto all good works4 ,matt4 #f3cc4 ,seek ye first the kingdom of ,god1 and his righteousness2 and all these things shall be added unto you4 ,acts #af3cj1 #ca4 ,what must ,i do to be saved8 ,and they said1 ,believe on the ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 and thou shalt be saved1 and thy house4 ,john #e3ci4 ,search the ,scriptures3 for in them ye think ye have eternal life3 and they are they which testify of me4 ,ps4 #ai3a4 ,the heavens declare the glory of ,god1 and the firmament showeth his handiwork4 ,,ii ,pet4 #a3ba4 ,for the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man3 but holy men of ,god spake as they were moved by the ,holy ,ghost4 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3ae4 ,from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures1 which are able to make thee wise unto salvation through faith which is in ,christ ,jesus4 ,prov4 #i3aj4 ,the fear of the ,lord is the beginning of wisdom4 ,ps4 #aai3aje4 ,thy word is a lamp unto my feet1 and a light unto my path4 ,micah #f3h4 ,he hath showed thee1 ,o man1 what is good2 and what doth the ,lord require of thee1 but to do justly1 to love mercy1 and to walk humbly with thy ,god4 ,john #c3af4 ,god so loved the world1 that he gave his only begotten ,son1 that whosoever believeth in him should not perish1 but have everlasting life4 ,heb4 #a3a1 #b4 ,god1 who at sundry times and in divers manners spake in time past unto the fathers by the prophets1 hath in these last days spoken unto us by his ,son1 whom he hath appointed heir of all things1 by whom also he made the worlds4 ,,reading4--,the ,child ,jesus in the ,temple1 ,luke #b3da-eb2 or ,mary sitting at ,jesus' ,feet1 ,luke #aj3ch-db4 ,,illustrations4--,study of the ,scriptures3 ,jesus and the ,apostles at home in them1 ,matt4 #d3d-aj1 ,acts #b3 #ad seq4 ,timothy1 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3ae4 ,the ,bereans1 ,acts #ag3aj-ab4 ,variously received3 ,the ,parable of the ,sower1 ,luke #h3e-ae4 ,,chapter ,,ii4 ,,the ,,catechism4 ,the object of catechetical instruction is to fit us for communicant membership in the ,church4 ,those who were baptized in infancy are members of the ,church2 but they are not admitted to the ,lord's ,supper1 and hence do not become communicant members1 until they have been instructed and confirmed4 ,luther's ,small ,catechism is our text-book for catechetical instruction4 ,it is not only the best book for this purpose1 but is one of the ,confessions of our ,church1 and should become our personal confession of faith1 it is called ,luther's ,small ,catechism1 because ,luther wrote a larger one also4 ,,the ,,author of our catechism was ,dr4 ,martin ,luther 7b4 #adhc1 d4 #aedf71 the great ,reformer1 through whom ,god effected the ,reformation of the ,church1 in the sixteenth century4 ,he began the ,reformation with his ,ninety-five ,theses against the sale of indulgences1 contended against the many errors and abuses that had crept into the ,church1 and preached and taught the pure truth of the ,gospel1 until his death4 7,ninety-five ,theses1 #aeag2 ,translation of the ,bible into ,german1 #aebb-cd2 ,larger and ,smaller ,catechisms1 #aebi2 ,augsburg ,confession adopted #aecj47 ,,the ,,catechism ,contains the principal teachings of the ,bible1--those things which we need to know in order to be saved and to lead a right ,christian life4 ,acts #af3cj1 ,matt4 #f3cc ,it is not meant to displace the ,bible1 but to fit us to read and study the ,bible with greater profit4 ,john #e3ci ,,the ,,five ,,principal ,,parts of the catechism are #a4 ,the ,ten ,commandments4 #b4 ,the ,creed4 #c4 ,the ,lord's ,prayer4 #d4 ,the ,sacrament of ,holy ,baptism4 #e4 ,the ,sacrament of the ,altar#a4 ,to these are added ,questions on ,confession1 ,morning and ,evening ,prayers1 ,thanksgiving before and after ,meat1 and ,a ,table of ,duties4 ,footnote #a3 ,luther says that three things are necessary for every one who would be saved4 ,like a sick person1 #a4 ,he must know what his sickness is4 #b4 ,he must know where the medicine is which will cure him4 #c4 ,he must desire and seek the medicine1 and have it brought to him4 ,our sickness 7sin7 is revealed to us by the ,ten ,commandments4 ,the medicine 7,god's grace7 is made known to us in the ,creed4 ,we seek and ask for it in the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,it is brought to us in the ,sacraments4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is the object of catechetical instruction8 #b4 ,what is to be said about the relation of baptized children to the ,church8 #c4 ,what is ,luther's ,small ,catechism1 and what should it become for us8 #d4 ,who was the author of our ,catechism8 #e4 ,what does our ,catechism contain8 #f4 ,name the five principal parts of the catechism1 and the additions to them4 ,,scripture ,,reading4--,paul confesses his ,faith1 ,acts #bf4 ,,part ,i4 ,,the ,,ten ,,commandments4 ,,chapter ,,iii4 ,,the ,,law4 ,the ,ten ,commandments are called the ,moral ,law1 or more briefly the ,law1 and sometimes the ,decalogue or the ,ten ,words4 ,they make known to us ,god's will1 which is the law for all ,his creatures4 ,each commandment has a negative side1 and forbids something2 each has also a positive side1 and commands or enjoins something4 ,the ,giving ,of ,the ,law4 ,the ,law of ,god was originally written in man's heart at creation4 ,rom4 #b3ae ,we call that law in the heart1 ,conscience4 ,after the fall into sin1 the conscience became darkened1 and men did not always know right from wrong1 and fell into gross idolatry4 ,rom4 #a3ba-bc ,god1 therefore1 through ,moses at ,mount ,sinai1 gave men ,his law anew1 ,exod4 #bj3a written on two ,tables of stone4 ,exod4 #ca3ah ,he also gave the ,israelites national and ceremonial laws4 ,these1 being meant for a particular people and a certain era of the world1 are no longer binding upon us4 ,but the ,moral ,law has been expressly confirmed by our ,lord ,jesus ,christ as valid for all time and binding upon all men4 ,matt4 #bb3cg-dj ,the substance of the law is1 ,thou shalt love the ,lord ,thy ,god with all thy heart and with all thy soul and with all thy mind4 and ,thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself4 ,the purpose of the law is1 #a4 ,to put a check upon wicked men1 ,i ,tim4 #a3i #b4 ,to convince us of our sinfulness ,rom4 #c3bj and our need of the ,saviour1 ,gal4 #c3bd and #c4 ,to be our rule and guide for ,christian conduct4 ,john4 #ad3ae1 ,matt4 #g3ab ,it is especially with respect to the second purpose here mentioned1 that the ,ten ,commandments were assigned by ,luther to the first and not to a later place in his catechism4 ,the ,two ,tables4 ,the ,ten ,commandments may be divided into two parts1 called the ,two ,tables of the ,law4 ,exod4 #ca3ah ,the ,first ,table includes the first three commandments1 and teaches us our ,duty to ,god4 ,the ,second ,table ,includes the last seven commandments1 and teaches us our ,duty to our ,fellow-men4#b ,footnote #b3 ,the ,ten ,commandments are not numbered in the ,bible4 ,a two-fold numbering is found among ,christians4 ,the first is that which is given in our ,catechism1 and which is accepted by the majority of ,christians1 ,the other numbering makes two commandments of our first 7the second being the command not to make any images71 and joins our ninth and tenth into one4 ,this makes a difference in the numbering of all the commandments except the first4 99 99 99 99 99 ,questions4--#a4 ,what other names are given to the ,tea ,commandments8 #b4 ,what do they make known to us8 #c4 ,what two sides are there to each commandment8 #d4 ,where was the law of ,god originally written8 #e4 ,why and when was the ,law given anew8 #f4 ,why is the ,moral ,law binding upon us1 while the national and ceremonial laws of ,israel are not8 #g4 ,what is the substance of the ,law8 #h4 ,what is the threefold purpose of the ,law8 #i4 ,into how many ,tables is the ,law divided1 and what does each ,table teach8 #aj4 ,how many commandments does each ,table include8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,matt4 #bb3cg-dj4 ,jesus said unto him1 ,thou shall love the ,lord thy ,god with all thy heart1 and with all thy soul1 and with all thy mind4 ,this is the first and great commandment4 ,and the second is like unto it1 ,thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself4 ,on these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets4 ,rom4 #c3bj4 ,therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight3 for by the law is the knowledge of sin4 ,gal4 #c3bd4 ,wherefore the law was our schoolmaster to bring us unto ,christ1 that we might be justified by faith4 ,john #ad3ae4 ,if ye love me1 keep my commandments4 ,matt4 #g3ab4 ,therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you1 do ye even so to them3 for this is the law and the prophets4 ,reading4--,the ,giving of the ,law at ,mt4 ,sinai1 ,exod4 #ai and #bj4 ,,chapter ,,iv4 ,,the ,,lawgiver4 ,i am the ,lord thy ,god4 ,these introductory words show who is the ,lawgiver4 ,jas4 #d3ab ,as earthly kings place their names at the beginning of their decrees to give them authority1 so ,god places ,his name at the beginning of the commandments in order to make known who gives them1 and whose displeasure we shall incur if we disobey them4 ,these introductory words belong not only to the first but to all the commandments4 ,i ,,am4 ,by these words ,god reminds us that ,he is a ,person4 ,he speaks to us4 ,he is not an impersonal ,god who pervades and is a part of nature4 ,he is above nature and has created it4 ,gen #a3a ,,the ,,lord4 ,the word here translated ,lord means in the original ,hebrew ,i ,,am ,,that ,i ,,am4 ,exod #h3ad ,god thereby declares that ,he is the ,one and ,only ,self-existent1 ,isa #dd3f ,eternal1 ,ps #ij3a1 #b and ,unchangeable ,being4 ,mal #c3f ,he is the true and living ,god in contradistinction from all so-called gods4 ,jer #aj3aj ,the name ,jehovah or ,,lord is used in the ,old ,testament ,scriptures to designate ,god as the covenant ,god of ,israel4 ,it signified that ,he stood in a specially near relation to them as ,his chosen people4 ,the name has the same comforting meaning for ,christians2 for they are the ,new ,testament people of ,god4 ,tit #b3ad1 ,i ,pet #b-i ,,thy ,,god4 ,these words express ,god's good-will toward us4 ,he is our ,god who loves ,jer #ca3c us and cares for us4 ,i ,pet #e3g ,he said to ,israel1 ,i am the ,lord thy ,god1 which brought thee out of the land of ,egypt1 out of the house of bondage4 ,he has delivered us from the still greater bondage of sin1 death1 and the devil through ,his ,son ,jesus ,christ1 ,col #a3ac and has a right to expect our gratitude and love4 ,,the ,,lord ,,thy ,,god4 ,he who gives us these commandments is a ,spirit ,john #d3bd of infinite majesty and goodness4 ,he is3 #a4 ,eternal2 ,he always was and always will be4 ,ps #ij3b #b4 ,unchangeable2 ,he always was and always will be the same4 ,mal #c3f #c4 ,omnipresent2 ,he is present everywhere at the same time and all the time4 ,ps #aci3g-aa #d4 ,omniscient2 ,he knows all the past1 present1 and future1 and is acquainted with every thought1 desire1 and purpose of our hearts4 ,ps #aci3b #e4 ,omnipotent1 or ,almighty2 ,he is able to do all things which ,he wills to do4 ,luke #a3cg #f4 ,holy2 ,he is perfectly pure1 and separate from all that is evil4 ,isa4 #f3c #g4 ,just2 ,he will bless those who keep ,his law1 and punish those who break it4 ,rom4 #b3f #h4 ,all-wise2 ,he always knows what is the best thing to do1 and the best way to do it4 ,col4 #b3c #i4 ,good2 ,he is ,love itself4 ,i ,john #d3h ,he is kind even to the unthankful1 ,matt4 #e3de merciful to the penitent soul for ,jesus' sake1 ,john #c3af and longsuffering toward the impenitent in order to lead them to repentance by ,his goodness4 ,,ii ,pet4 #c3i1 ,rom4 #b3d #aj4 ,faithful and ,true2 ,he can be absolutely relied upon to do all that ,he has promised or threatened4 ,numb4 #bc3ai ,because of the ,majesty and ,goodness of the ,lord our ,god1 we should ,,fear and ,,love ,,him1 and ,,keep ,his commandments4 ,,questions--#a4 ,what do the introductory words show8 #b4 ,of what do the words ,i am remind us8 #c4 ,what is the meaning of the ,hebrew word translated ,lord8 #d4 ,what do the words thy ,god express8 #e4 ,from what bondage has ,god delivered us8 #f4 ,name and define ,god's attributes8 #g4 ,why should we fear and love ,god8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,exod4 #c3ad4 ,and ,god said unto ,moses1 ,i ,,am ,,that ,i ,,am4 ,isa4 #dd3f4 ,thus saith the ,,lord the ,king of ,israel1 and his ,redeemer the ,,lord of hosts2 ,i am the first1 and ,i am the last2 and beside me there is no ,god4 ,ps4 #ij3a1 #b4 ,,lord1 thou hast been our dwelling place in all generations4 ,before the mountains were brought forth1 or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world1 even from everlasting to everlasting1 thou art ,god4 ,mal4 #c3f4 ,for ,i am the ,,lord4 ,i change not4 ,tit4 #b3ad4 ,who gave himself for us1 that he might redeem us from all iniquity1 and purify unto himself a peculiar people1 zealous of good works4 ,jer4 #ca3c4 ,i have loved thee with an everlasting love3 therefore with lovingkindness have ,i drawn thee4 ,col4 #a3ac1 #ad4 ,who hath delivered us from the power of darkness1 and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear ,son3 in whom we have redemption through his blood1 even the forgiveness of sins4 ,john #d3bd4 ,god is a ,spirit3 and they that worship him must worship him in spirit and in truth4 ,,reading4--,ps4 #ad3 ,ps4 #aba4 ,,the ,,first ,,table ,,of ,,the ,,law4 ,,our ,,duty ,,to ,,god4 ,thou shalt love the ,lord thy ,god with all thy heart1 and with all thy mind1 and with all thy soul4 ,matt4 #bb3cg ,,chapter ,v4 ,,the ,,first ,,commandment ,,god4 ,thou shalt have no other gods before me4 ,what is meant by this commandment8 ,we should fear1 love and trust in ,god above all things4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,great ,,commandment4 ,this is the great commandment of the ,law1 because it includes all the rest4 ,matt4 #bb3cg1ch ,obedience to all the commandments must proceed from the love of ,god which the first commandment requires4 ,rom4 #ac3i1aj ,hence the explanation of the other nine begins with the words1 ,we should so fear and love ,god4 ,this ,commandment forbids us to worship false gods1 and commands us to worship the true ,god by fearing1 loving and trusting in ,him above all things4 ,i4 ,,what ,,is ,,forbidden4 #a4 ,,all ,,idolatry4 ,thou shalt have no other gods4 ,idolatry is committed by all who put anything in ,god's place1 the highest place in the heart4 ,whatever we set our heart upon is our god4 ,open ,idolatry ,exod4 #cb3a-i1 ,ps4 #ace3ae-ag1 ,isa4 #db3h1 ,rom4 #a3bb-bc is committed by those who worship imaginary beings1 the sun1 moon1 or stars1 animals1 dead ancestors1 idols made with hands1 images1#c pictures1 the ,virgin ,mary1 saints1 angels1 the devil1 or any other creature4 ,footnote #c3 ,when ,god gave the commandments to ,israel1 ,he forbade them to make any graven images or likenesses4 ,god being a ,spirit1 the making of an image of ,god would at that period necessarily have resulted in idolatry4 ,but since ,christ has come in the flesh and was visible among men1 we are permitted to make pictures and images of ,him4 ,luther preached very forcibly against those persons who1 during his absence from ,wittenberg1 destroyed the pictures and images in the churches4 ,he said that we make a picture of ,christ in our heart whenever we think of ,him1 and put pictures of ,him in the ,bible and other books2 and that therefore it is not wrong to place pictures or images of ,him in our churches1 so long as we do not worship them4 ,secret ,idolatry is committed by all who put 7a7 ,self1 ,prov4 #c3f1 #f41 ,jer4 #i3bc1 #bd 7b7 ,fellow-men ,acts #e3bi1 ,matt4 #aj3bh1 ,matt4 #aj3cg1 ,ps4 #adf3c-e or 7c7 ,objects of this world ,i ,john #b3ae-ag 7money1 fame1 business1 pleasure1 etc47 above ,god1 by fearing1 loving1 or trusting in them more than in ,god4 #b4 ,godlessness4 ,sam4 #b3cj1 ,ps4 #aj3d ,neglect to worship the true ,god1 unbelief1 scepticism1 superstition1 ,infidelity1 and atheism are a transgression of this commandment4 #c4 ,double service4 ,matt4 #f3bd ,god forbids us to have other gods before or besides ,him1 ,he demands our whole heart4 ,,ii4 ,,what ,,is ,,commanded4 ,we should give ,god the highest place in our hearts1 and fear1 love and trust in4 ,him above all things4 ,matt4 #d3aj #a4 ,,we ,,should ,,fear ,,god ,,above ,,all ,,things4 ,we should be more afraid of ,his anger than of anything else in the whole world4 ,gen4 #ci3i1 ,ps4 #cc3h1 #i4 ,rather than disobey ,him1 we should be willing to suffer ridicule1 persecution1 loss of money1 property1 position1 or friends1 and even death itself4 ,matt4 #aj3bh1 ,acts #e3bi ,why4 ,we should fear ,god above all things1 #a4 ,because ,he is omniscient1 and we cannot hide anything from ,him1 not even our thoughts4 ,ps4 #aci3a1 #b #b4 ,because ,he is holy1 and hates everything that is evil4 ,lev4 #ai3b #c4 ,because ,he is just1 and will punish every sin4 ,ps4 #e3d ,how4 ,as ,christians1 our fear of ,god should be a child-like and not a slavish fear4 ,child-like fear is fear mingled with love4 ,we should refrain from evil not simply from fear of punishment1 but from fear of offending the ,god whom we love4 ,rom4 #h3ae ,slavish fear ,is afraid ,god will come2 child-like fear is afraid ,he will go away4 #b4 ,,we ,,should ,,love ,,god ,,above ,,all ,,things1 with all our heart1 and with all our mind and with all our soul4 ,matt4 #bb3cg ,our first aim and our highest delight should always be to do ,god's will4 ,i ,john #e3c ,we should be far more anxious to please ,him than to please ourselves or any of our fellow-men4 ,we should love ,him far more than we love any one else ,matt4 #aj3cg 7parents1 brothers1 sisters1 friends1 etc471 or any earthly objects ,i ,john #b3ae 7money1 pleasure1 business and the like74 ,why4 ,we should love ,god above all things #a4 ,because ,he is most worthy of our love4 ,ps4 #gc3be1 #bf #b4 ,because ,he first loved us1 ,i ,john #d3ai1 ,i ,john #d3i and gave ,his ,son to die for us4 #c4 ,because our highest happiness is found in loving ,him4 ,how we should show our ,love4 ,we should show that we love ,god above all things #a4 ,by leading a godly life4 ,,ii ,john #f #b4 ,by loving the things of ,god1 especially the ,church and the ,gospel4 ,john #h3dg #c4 ,by loving our fellow-men for ,his sake4 ,i ,john #d3bj #c4 ,,we ,,should ,,trust ,,in ,,god ,,above ,,all ,,things4 ,we should rely with all our heart upon ,his love and care1 ,prov4 #c3e placing our chief dependence on ,him1 and not on our own wisdom1 skill1 or strength1 or upon men1 money etc4 ,why4 ,we should trust in ,god with all our heart because #a4 ,he loves us4 ,rom4 #h3cb #b4 ,he knows all our wants4 ,matt4 #f3cb #c4 ,he knows what is best for us4 #d4 ,he is able to do all things4 #e4 ,he has promised to care for us4 ,heb4 #ac3e1 ,isa4 #ed3aj1 ,isa4 #da3aj ,how we should show our ,trust4 ,if we trust in ,god above all things we will show that trust1 #a4 ,by freedom from unbelieving care and worry4 ,matt4 #f3be1 ,i ,pet4 #e3g #b4 ,by reliance upon ,god's help and protection at all times4 ,ps4 #cc3ah1 #ai #c4 ,by committing the entire ordering of our lives to ,him4 ,ps4 #cg3e ,we have all broken this first commandment2 for we have not always and everywhere feared1 loved and trusted in ,god above all things4 ,,questions--#a4 ,why is this the ,great ,commandment8 #b4 ,why does the explanation of all the other commandments begin with the words1 ,we should so fear and love ,god8 #c4 ,what does this first commandment forbid8 #d4 ,what does it command8 #e4 ,what two kinds of ,idolatry are there8 #f4 ,mention some forms of open idolatry4 #g4 ,mention some forms of secret idolatry4 #h4 ,what does it mean to fear ,god above all things8 #i4 ,why should we fear him8 #aj4 ,how should we fear ,him8 l#a4 ,what does it mean to love ,god above all things8 #ab4 ,why should we love ,god above all things8 #ac4 ,how should we show our love to ,god8 #ad4 ,what does it mean to trust in ,god above all things8 #ae4 ,why should we trust in ,god above all things8 #af4 ,how should we show our trust in ,god8 #ag4 ,have we kept this commandment8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,prov4 #c3e1 #f4 ,trust ,in the ,lord with all thine heart1 and lean not unto thine own understanding4 ,acts #e3bi4 ,then ,peter and the other apostles answered and said1 ,we ought to obey ,god rather than men4 ,matt4 #aj3bh1 ,and fear not them which kill the body1 but are not able to kill the soul2 but rather fear him which is able to destroy both soul and body in hell4 ,matt4 #aj3cg4 ,he that loveth father or mother more than me is not worthy of me3 and he that loveth son or daughter more than me is not worthy of me4 #a ,john #b3ae4 ,love not the world1 neither the things that are in the world4 ,if any man love the world1 the love of the ,father is not in him4 ,matt4 #f3bd4 ,no man can serve two masters3 for either he will hate the one1 and love the other2 or else he will hold to the one1 and despise the other4 ,ye cannot serve ,god and mammon4 ,matt4 #d3aj4 ,thou shall worship the ,lord thy ,god1 and him only shalt thou serve4 ,gen4 #ch3i4 ,how then can ,i do this great wickedness1 and sin against ,god8 ,ps4 #aci3a1 #b4 ,o ,lord1 thou hast searched me1 and known me4 ,thou knowest my downsitting and my uprising1 thou understandest my thoughts afar off4 ,rom4 #h3ae4 ,for ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear2 but ye have received the ,spirit of adoption1 whereby we cry1 ,abba1 ,father4 ,i ,john #e3c4 ,for this is the love of ,god1 that we keep his commandments3 and his commandments are not grievous4 ,ps4 #gc3be1 #bh4 ,whom have ,i in heaven but thee8 and there is none upon earth that ,i desire beside thee4 ,my flesh and my heart faileth2 but ,god is the strength of my heart and my portion forever4 ,i ,john #d3ai4 ,we love him1 because he first loved us4 ,i ,john #d3i4 ,in this was manifested the love of ,god towards us1 because that ,god sent his only begotten ,son into the world1 that we might live through him4 ,i ,john #d3bj4 ,if a man say1 ,i love ,god1 and hateth his brother1 he is a liar2 for he that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen1 how can he love ,god whom he hath not seen8 ,i ,pet4 #e3g4 ,casting all your care upon him2 for he careth for you4 ,ps4 #cg3e4 ,commit thy way unto the ,lord1 trust also in him2 and he shall bring it to pass4 ,,reading4--,the ,golden ,calf1 ,exod4 #cb2 or1 ,the ,golden ,image1 ,dan4 #c4 ,,illustrations4--,secret ,idolatry3 ,goliath1 ,i ,sam4 #ag3da seq2 ,nebuchadnezzar1 ,dan4 #d3be seq42 ,herod1 ,acts #ab3ba-bc2 ,the ,rich ,young ,ruler1 ,matt4 #ai3af-bb2 ,the ,rich ,fool1 ,luke #ab3ae-ba4 ,slavish ,fear3 ,adam1 ,gen4 #c3aj-aa4 ,child-like ,fear3 ,joseph1 ,gen4 #ci3i4 ,love to ,god3 ,abraham1 ,gen4 #bb3a-ad2 ,peter and ,john1 ,acts #d3ai1 #bj2 ,jesus1 ,john #d3cd4 ,trust in ,god3 ,david ,fighting ,goliath1 ,i ,sam4 #ag4 ,daniel in the ,lion's ,den1 ,dan4 #f4 ,,chapter ,,vi4 ,,the ,,second ,,commandment4 ,,god',s ,,name4 ,thou shalt not take the name of the ,lord thy ,god in vain2 for the ,lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh ,his name in vain4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to curse1 swear1 conjure1 lie or deceive by ,his name1 but call upon ,him in every time of need1 and worship ,him with prayer1 praise and thanksgiving4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,name ,,of ,,god4 ,ps4 #aaa3i1 ,mal4 #b3b1 ,rev4 #ae3d ,a name is that by which we know a person4 ,god's name means all by which ,he is known to us2 hence not only the words ,god1 ,lord1 ,jehovah1 ,jesus ,christ1 the ,almighty1 the ,eternal1 the ,omniscient ,one1 etc41 but the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments1 and all holy things4 ,this ,commandment forbids the wrong use1 and commands the right use of ,god's holy name4 ,i4 ,,what ,,is ,,forbidden4 ,,taking ,,god',s ,,name ,,in ,,vain3 #a4 ,thoughtlessly4 ,god's name is taken in vain thoughtlessly by using it as an exclamation in our conversation1 by reading or hearing ,god's ,word without devotion1 jesting about sacred things1 quoting ,scripture in fun1 and the like4 ,thoughtlessness is no excuse4 ,we must give an account to ,god for every idle word2 ,matt4 #ab3cf how much more for every vain use of ,his name4 #b4 ,intentionally4 ,this is done by those who ,,curse2 ,jas4 #c3i1 #aj1 ,matt4 #e3dd1 ,rom4 #ab3ad that is1 by those who call on ,god to do evil to themselves or to others4 ,disguised forms of cursing are sinful also4 ,,swear4 ,we are forbidden to confirm what we say by the use of ,god's name1 either ,needlessly ,matt4 #e3cd-cg in our ordinary conversation1 or ,falsely ,lev4 #ai3ab before a magistrate4 ,there is a ,legal ,oath3 ,deut4 #f3ac1 ,heb4 #e3af #a4 ,of ,witness4 #b4 ,of ,innocence4 #c4 ,of ,allegiance1 #d4 ,of ,office4 ,the oath taken by our ,lord before the high-priest shows that the oath before a magistrate is not forbidden4 ,matt4 #bf3fc1 #fd ,when taking a legal oath1 we must be careful to tell the truth1 the whole truth1 and nothing but the truth4 ,false swearing or perjury is a great sin4 ,it is punished by the ,state1 and will be punished by ,god4 ,ezek4 #ag3ai ,swearing by anything besides ,god's name is forbidden also4 ,matt4 #e3cd-cg ,,conjure4 ,deut4 #ah3aj-ab ,this commandment forbids all magic arts1 witchcraft1 sorcery1 pow-wowing1 fortune-telling1 and all attempts by signs or formulas to discover what ,god has kept hidden or to attain what ,he has withheld4 ,if results are obtained by such means1 e4g41 by pow-wowing1 that is no justification for their use4 ,matt4 #af3bf ,if we desire to obtain help through the use of ,god's name1 we must pray and not conjure4 ,,lie4 ,the eighth commandment forbids lying in general2 this commandment forbids lying by ,god's name4 ,it is broken by those who teach falsehood and error and yet declare that they are teaching ,god's ,word4 ,gal4 #a3h ,,deceive ,,by ,,his ,,name4 ,this is done by those who assume ,christ's name by calling themselves ,christians1 and yet are hypocrites1 and use religion as a cloak4 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3e1 ,matt4 #ae3h ,sins against this ,second ,commandment are common1 but not small sins4 ,god will not hold him guiltless who commits them4 ,,ii4 ,,what ,,is ,,commanded4 ,we should ,,call ,,upon ,,him4 ,god has given us ,his name so that we might call upon ,him for ,his help and grace4 ,ps4 #ade3ah ,,in ,,every ,,time ,,of ,,need4 ,we should call upon ,god in every time of trouble1 danger or distress4 ,ps4 #ej3ae ,but if we call upon ,god only in times of special need1 and do not call upon ,his name at other times also1 we are not keeping this commandment4 ,,and ,,worship ,,him ,col4 #c3af in our hearts1 in our homes and in church1 ,,with ,,prayer ,matt4 #g3g for ourselves and for others1 ,i ,tim4 #b3a1 #b ,,praise ,ps4 #ade3a for ,his majesty and glory and wonderful works1 ,,and ,,thanksgiving for temporal and spiritual blessings4 ,ps4 #ajf3a ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is meant by ,god's name8 #b4 ,what does this second commandment forbid and command8 #c4 ,how is ,god's name taken in vain thoughtlessly8 #d4 ,how is ,god's name taken in vain intentionally8 #e4 ,define cursing8 #f4 ,define swearing8 #g4 ,what kind of swearing is forbidden8 #h4 ,what kind of swearing is permitted8 #i4 ,when taking a legal oath1 what must we be careful to do8 #aj4 ,define conjuring1 lying1 and deceiving by ,god's name8 #aa4 ,what is the right use of ,god's name8 #ab4 ,why should we call upon ,god8 #ac4 ,when should we call upon ,him8 #ad4 ,where shall we worship ,him8 #ae4 ,how shall we worship ,him8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,matt4 #ab3cf4 ,but ,i say unto you1 ,that every idle word that men shall speak1 they shall give account thereof in the day of judgment4 ,rom4 #ab3ad4 ,bless them which persecute you3 bless1 and curse not4 ,matt4 #e3cd-cg4 ,but ,i say unto you1 ,swear not at all2 neither by heaven2 for it is ,god's throne3 nor by the earth2 for it is his footstool3 neither by ,jerusalem2 for it is the city of the great ,king4 ,neither shalt thou swear by thy head1 because thou canst not make one hair white or black4 ,but let your communication be ,yea1 yea2 ,nay1 nay2 for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil4 ,lev4 #ai3ab4 ,ye shall not swear by my name falsely1 neither shalt thou profane the name of thy ,god3 ,i am the ,lord4 ,deut4 #ah3aj-ab4 ,there shall not be found among you any one that maketh his son or his daughter to pass through the fire1 or that useth divination1 or an observer of times1 or an enchanter1 or a witch1 or a charmer1 or a consulter with familiar spirits1 or a wizard1 or a necromancer4 ,for all that do these things are an abomination unto the ,,lord3 and because of these abominations the ,,lord thy ,god doth drive them out from before thee4 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3e4 ,having a form of godliness1 but denying the power thereof3 from such turn away4 ,matt4 #ae3h4 ,this people draweth nigh unto me with their mouth1 and honoureth me with their lips3 but their heart is far from me4 ,ps4 #adc3ah4 ,the ,,lord is nigh unto all them that call upon him1 to all that call upon him in truth4 ,ps4 #ej3ae4 ,call upon me in the day of trouble3 ,i will deliver thee1 and then shalt glorify me4 ,matt4 #g3g4 ,ask1 and it shall be given you2 seek1 and ye shall find2 knock1 and it shall be opened unto you4 ,ps4 #ajf3a4 ,praise ye the ,,lord4 ,o give thanks unto the ,,lord2 for he is good3 for his mercy endureth forever4 ,,reading4--,balaam1 ,numb4 #bb2 ,herod's ,oath1 ,matt4 #ad3a-ab2 ,saul and the ,witch at ,endor1 ,i ,sam4 #bh4 ,,illustrations4--,cursing3 ,job #c3a-g4 ,shimei1 ,,ii ,sam4 #af3e-ad4 ,swearing3 ,herod2 ,peter1 ,matt4 #bf3hi-ge4 ,conjuring3 ,saul at ,endor2 ,bar-jesus1 ,acts #ac3a-ab4 ,lying and ,deceiving3 ,the ,pharisees1 ,matt4 #bc3ac-ch4 ,calling on ,god's ,name3 ,jesus1 ,matt4 #bf3ci-dd2 ,john #ag3 ,jacob1 ,gen4 #cb3i-ab2 ,the ,first ,christians1 ,acts #b3db4 ,,chapter ,,vii4 ,,the ,,third ,,commandment4 ,,god',s ,,day4 ,remember the ,sabbath day to keep it holy4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to despise ,his ,word and the preaching of the ,gospel1 but deem it holy and willingly hear and learn it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,lord',s ,,day4 ,under the ,old ,testament the ,israelites1 by ,god's command1 observed the seventh day of the week1 ,saturday1 as the ,sabbath or day of rest1 because ,god rested from the work of ,creation on the seventh day4 ,gen4 #b3b-c ,for the ,christians all days are holy4 ,rom4 #ad3e1 #f1 ,col4 #b3af1 ,acts #b3df ,but from the earliest times the ,christian ,church set apart ,sunday as a special day of worship1 ,acts #bj3g1 #a ,cor4 #af3b because it is the day on which ,christ rose from the dead4 ,the ,sabbath of the ,old ,testament commemorated the completion of ,creation2 the ,lord's ,day of the ,new ,testament commemorates the completion of ,redemption4 ,a ,,holy ,,day4 ,the ,lord's ,day is to be kept holy by devoting it to holy things4 ,it is to be a day of rest in order that it may be a day of worship4 ,any unnecessary work or any recreation which hinders us from hearing and profiting by ,god's ,word is sinful4 ,i4 ,,what ,,is ,,forbidden4 ,we are not ,,to ,,despise ,,god',s ,,word ,,and ,,the ,,preaching ,,of ,,the ,,gospel1 ,luke #aj3af by #a4 ,making light of ,god's ,word1 or regarding and treating it as the word of man4 #b4 ,neglecting to go to church1 and pleading poor excuses for absence4 ,heb4 #aj3be #c4 ,inattention and lack of devotion in church4 ,eccl4 #e3a #d4 ,filling the mind with worldly things on ,sunday 7business1 pleasure1 ,sunday-newspapers1 etc471 so that ,god's ,word cannot be rightly received into the heart4 ,luke #h3e1ab #e4 ,making ,sunday a holiday1 lounging-day1 or pleasure-day4 #f4 ,making it a working-day1 and thus preventing attendance at church4 ,,ii4 ,,what ,,is ,,commanded4 ,we are ,,to ,,deem ,,god',s ,,word ,,holy1 ,,and ,,willingly ,,hear ,,and ,,learn ,,it1 by #a4 ,regarding it as ,god's voice speaking to us4 ,i ,thess4 #b3ac #b4 ,going to church gladly and regularly4 ,ps4 #abb3a1 #b #c4 ,listening attentively and devoutly to ,god's ,word1 and joining heartily in the service4 ,luke #aa3bh1 ,col4 #c3af1 ,jas4 #a3ba1bb1 ,rom4 #aj3ag #d4 ,attending ,sunday-school and learning our lessons4 #e4 ,teaching in ,sunday-school when we have become old enough and our services are needed4 #f4 ,reading the ,bible and good books4 #g4 ,doing whatever promotes the worship and honoring of ,god by ourselves or by others4 ,jas4 #a3bg ,a ,,day ,,of ,,rest4 ,sunday is meant for the good of the soul4 ,but a rest on one day out of seven is necessary also for the welfare of the body4 ,sunday is a blessed privilege for body1 mind1 and soul4 ,sometimes1 however1 both the rest for body and mind and the attendance at church must be sacrificed in order to perform works of mercy as a duty to our fellow-men4 ,,the ,,church-,,year4 ,the ,church has also arranged a ,church-year for the commemoration of the principal events in the ,savior's life4 ,the order of the ,church-year is as follows3 ,four ,sundays in ,advent1 ,christmas1 ,new ,year1 ,epiphany 7,january #f71 from two to six ,sundays after ,epiphany 7according as ,easter comes early or late72 three ,sundays called ,septuagesima1 ,sexagesima1 ,quinquagesima2 ,ash ,wednesday 7the first day in ,lent71 six ,sundays in ,lent 7the sixth being ,palm ,sunday71 ,holy ,week 7including ,good ,friday71 ,easter1 five ,sundays after ,easter1 ,ascension ,day1 ,sunday after ,ascension1 ,pentecost or ,whitsunday1 ,trinity ,sunday2 and from twenty-three to twenty-seven ,sundays after ,trinity4 ,the ,lutheran ,church observes also the festival of the ,reformation on the #cast day of ,october4 ,each ,sunday and ,festival ,day has its own ,gospel and ,epistle lesson1 as well as its own ,introit and ,collect4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is the difference between ,sabbath and ,sunday8 #b4 ,why is ,sunday to be a day of rest8 #c4 ,what does this commandment forbid8 #d4 ,in what way is this commandment broken8 #e1 ,what does this commandment command8 #f4 ,how is this commandment to be kept8 #g4 ,why is ,sunday a blessed privilege8 #h4 ,when must our ,sunday's rest and our attendance at church be sacrificed8 #i4 ,what is the object of the ,church-year8 #aj4 ,give the order of the ,church-year4 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,luke #aj3af4 ,he that heareth you heareth me2 and he that despiseth you despiseth me2 and he that despiseth me despiseth him that sent me4 ,heb4 #aj3be4 ,not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together1 as the manner of some is2 but exhorting one another3 and so much the more1 as ye see the day approaching4 ,eccl4 #e3a4 ,keep thy foot when thou goest to the house of ,god1 and be more ready to hear1 than to give the sacrifice of fools3 for they consider not that they do evil4 ,i ,thess4 #b3ac4 ,when ye received the word of ,god which ye heard of us1 ye received it not as the word of men1 but1 as it is in truth1 the word of ,god1 which effectually worketh also in you that believe4 ,ps4 #abb3a1 #b4 ,i was glad when they said unto me1 ,let us go into the house of the ,,lord4 ,luke #aa3bh4 ,but he said1 ,yea1 rather1 blessed are they that hear the word of ,god1 and keep it4 ,jas4 #a3ba1 #bb4 ,receive with meekness the engrafted word1 which is able to save your souls4 ,but be ye doers of the word1 and not hearers only1 deceiving your own selves4 ,jas4 #a3bg4 ,pure religion and undefiled before ,god and the ,father is this1 ,to visit the fatherless and widows in their affliction1 and to keep himself unspotted from the world4 ,,reading4--,jesus in ,nazareth on the ,sabbath1 ,luke #d3af-cj4 ,,illustrations4--,the ,child ,jesus in the ,temple1 ,luke #b3db-eb4 ,simeon and ,anna1 ,luke #b3bg seq4 ,mary1 ,luke #aj3ci4 ,the ,ethiopian ,eunuch1 ,acts #h3bg seq4 ,lydia1 ,acts #af3ad4 ,,the ,,second ,,table ,,of ,,the ,,law4 ,,our ,,duty ,,to ,,our ,,fellow-,,men4 ,thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself4 ,matt4 #bb3ci ,,our ,,neighbor means every one4 ,we are to love all men as we love ourselves2 ,matt4 #g3ab not only our relatives1 friends1 and acquaintances1 but strangers1 enemies1 and people of all nations and climes4 ,we must be ready to do good to all who are in need of our help and kindness4 ,compare the ,parable of the ,good ,samaritan4 ,luke #aj3cj-cg ,,chapter ,,viii4 ,,the ,,fourth ,,commandment4 ,,our ,,parents ,,and ,,superiors4 ,honor thy father and thy mother1 that thy days may be long upon the land which the ,lord thy ,god giveth thee4 ,,explanation4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to despise nor displease our parents and superiors1 but honor1 serve1 obey1 love and esteem them4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,parents are ,god's representatives in the family for the maintenance of law and order in it4 ,they are charged by ,god with the care and training of their children1 and are clothed by ,him with authority over them4 ,their will is law for their children1 so long as it does not conflict with the law of ,god4 ,,superiors are those who are placed over us in a position of authority in the ,family1 ,church1 ,school1 or ,state2 e4 g41 guardians1 step-parents1 grand-parents1 pastors1 teachers1 rulers1 etc4 ,they also are ,god's representatives to maintain order1 and are to be honored and obeyed as such4 ,in every case of a conflict of authority1 we must obey ,god rather than men4 ,acts #e3bi ,this commandment forbids us to despise or displease our parents and superiors1 and commands us to honor1 serve1 obey1 love1 and esteem them4 ,,our ,,duty ,,to ,,our ,,parents1 ,,grandparents1 ,,guardians1 ,,etc4 ,i4 ,,what ,,is ,,forbidden4 ,we must not ,,despise them1 mock at them1 ,prov4 #ci3ag make light of them1 think ourselves wiser or above their authority1 nor speak disrespectfully of them or to them4 ,deut #bg3af ,we must not ,,displease them by lack of affection1 grumbling1 disobedience1 stubbornness1 rebelliousness1 or wickedness4 ,exod4 #ba3ae ,,ii4 ,,what ,,is ,,commanded4 ,we should ,,honor them as those who are placed over us by ,god's appointment1 look up to them1 and always treat them with proper respect ,lev4 #ai3c1 ,eph #f3b1 #c and consideration4 ,,serve them1 be helpful to them1 lighten their burdens1 and anticipate their wishes4 ,i ,tim4 #e3d ,,obey them by cheerfully and promptly doing their will1 even when it is not to our liking4 ,eph4 #f3a1 ,col4 #c3bj1 ,prov4 #a3h ,,love them1 and show our love by a constant desire and effort to please them4 ,we should call to mind what they have done and still do for us1 that our love for them may grow deep and tender4 ,john #ai3bf1 #bg ,,esteem them4 ,we should regard and appreciate them as a precious gift of ,god4 ,children who have lost father or mother have met with a great loss4 ,,in ,,later ,,years4 ,we should honor1 love and obey our parents while we are young2 and we should still love and honor them when we are older4 ,we must not despise or be ashamed of them if we happen to rise to a higher position in life than they4 ,when they have grown old and feeble1 we should care tenderly for them2 and after they are dead1 we should treasure their memory4 ,,our ,,duty ,,to ,,our ,,superiors4 ,rom4 #ac3g ,the ,pastor is to be honored for the sake of the office which he holds4 ,he is the ambassador of ,christ2 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3bj and when he preaches the ,gospel1 or speaks words of admonition and counsel in private1 the ,saviour speaks through him4 ,those who hear him hear ,christ2 those who despise him despise ,christ4 ,luke #aj3af ,we should heed his admonitions1 ,heb4 #ac3ag1 ,i ,thess4 #e3ab1 #ac and1 as far as we are able1 help and encourage him in his work4 ,our ,teachers in ,sunday-school and in other schools are placed over us in a position of authority1 and must therefore be respected and honored4 ,rulers and the ,government4 ,the ,state is ,god's servant to regulate temporal affairs and to maintain law and order in the land4 ,rulers and officials of the government must be respected and honored4 ,matt4 #bb3ba1 ,rom4 #ac3a-d ,christians must be good citizens4 ,they must always obey the law1 so long as it does not conflict with the law of ,god4 ,i ,pet4 #b3ac1 ,acts #e3bi ,they should be patriotic1 pray for their country1 be ready to defend it1 pay their taxes1 and be concerned that it shall be a ,christian land4 ,every voter shares in the responsibility of securing righteous government1 and should cast his vote conscientiously4 ,,old ,,persons in general are to be treated with respect and honor4 ,lev4 #ai3cb ,a special blessing is promised to those who keep this commandment4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what does the ,second ,table of the ,law teach8 #b4 ,what is meant by our neighbor8 #c4 ,what is the position of parents in the family8 #d4 ,what is meant by superiors8 #e4 ,to whom is our highest obedience due8 #f4 ,what does this commandment forbid1 and what does it command8 #g4 ,in order to avoid despising or displeasing our parents1 what should we not do8 #h4 ,why and how should we honor them8 #i4 ,how should we serve them8 #aj4 ,how should we obey them8 #aa4 ,how should we show our love to them8 #ab4 ,what should we always remember concerning our parents8 #ac4 ,what is meant by esteeming them8 #ad4 ,how should we regard and treat them when we have grown older8 #ae4 ,what is our duty to our pastor8 #af4 ,what is our duty to our teachers8 #ag4 ,why should we honor our rulers8 #ah4 ,what are a ,christian's duties to his country8 #ai4 ,how must we treat old persons in general8 #bj4 ,what special blessing is promised to those who keep this commandment8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,prov4 #cj3ag4 ,the eye that mocketh at his father1 and despiseth to obey his mother1 the ravens of the valley shall pick it out1 and the young eagles shall eat it4 ,deut4 #bg3af4 ,cursed be he that setteth light by his father or his mother3 and all the people shall say1 ,amen4 ,exod4 #ba3ae4 ,and he that smiteth his father1 or his mother1 shall be surely put to death4 ,eph4 #f3b1 #c4 ,honour thy father and mother2 which is the first commandment with promise2 that it may be well with thee1 and thou mayest live long on the earth4 ,col4 #c3bj4 ,children1 obey your parents in all things3 for this is well pleasing unto the ,lord4 ,rom4 #ac3g4 ,render therefore to all their dues3 tribute to whom tribute is due2 custom to whom custom2 fear to whom fear2 honour to whom honour4 ,heb4 #ac3ag4 ,obey them that have the rule over you1 and submit yourselves3 for they watch for your souls1 as they that must give account1 that they may do it with joy1 and not with grief3 for that is unprofitable for you4 ,matt4 #bb3ba4 ,render therefore unto ,caesar the things which are ,caesar's2 and unto ,god the things that are ,god's4 ,rom4 #ac3a4 ,let every soul be subject unto the higher powers4 ,for there is no power but of ,god3 the powers that be are ordained of ,god4 ,lev4 #ai3cb4 ,thou shall rise up before the hoary head1 and honor the face of the old man1 and fear thy ,god3 ,i am the ,,lord4 ,,reading4--,joseph and his ,father1 ,gen4 #dg3a-ab4 ,,illustrations4--,despising and displeasing parents3 ,jacob's sons1 ,gen4 #cg2 ,eli's sons1 ,i ,sam4 #b3bb-be2 ,absalom1 ,,ii ,sam4 #be4 ,honoring them3 ,jesus1 ,luke #b3ea4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,chapter ,,ix4 ,,the ,,fifth ,,commandment4 ,,human ,,life4 ,thou shall not kill4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to do our neighbor any bodily harm or injury1 but rather assist and comfort him in danger and want4 99 99 99 99 99 ,human life is sacred4 ,it is man's most precious earthly possession2 for without it he cannot enjoy any other4 ,this commandment is meant to guard it4 ,we dare not shorten another person's life1 nor our own4 ,god gives life1 and ,he alone has the right to take it away4 ,this commandment forbids us to kill or injure other persons or ourselves4 ,it commands us to assist and comfort our neighbor in danger and want4 ,i4 ,,what is ,,forbidden4 ,we must not #a4 ,,kill ,,or ,,injure ,,other ,,persons4 ,murder4 ,to destroy any human life1 even if it be very young or yet unborn1 is a great crime4 ,he who commits murder is to be punished with death4 ,gen4 #i3f ,among the motives which prompt to murder are anger1 hatred1 ,gen4 #d3a-h envy1 ,gen4 #cg jealousy1 revenge1 ,matt4 #ad3c-aa1 ,rom4 #ab3ai frivolity1 avarice1 robbery1 and a desire to hide past sin4 ,,ii ,sam4 #aa ,we must be on our guard against all that would ever tempt us to this great crime4 ,duels4 ,it is foolish as well as sinful to pretend to establish the right or wrong of a question by a duel4 ,unjust ,wars are wholesale murder4 ,rulers must do all that they honorably can to prevent war4 ,yet as a last resort to maintain the right1 war is justifiable4 ,hatred is murder in the heart4 ,he that hateth his brother is a murderer4 ,i ,john #c3ae1 ,matt4 #e3ba1 #bb1 ,eph4 #d3ca1 #cb ,tempting ,others to useless risks in which they may perish or be injured1 or to drunkenness1 dissipation1 etc4 which will shorten their life1 is a transgression of this commandment4 ,causing ,accidents by neglect1 carelessness or bad workmanship1 or ,shortening ,other ,people's ,lives ,gen4 #cg3ca-ce by maltreatment1 overwork1 worriment1 etc4 makes men guilty of sin against this commandment4 ,neglect to ,warn others of impending danger or neglect to assist them in need may result in their injury or death4 ,the law recognizes our right to defend our life when it is unjustly assailed4 ,but killing others in self-defense must he our last resort4 ,many persons act hastily4 ,the official who inflicts the death penalty on condemned criminals is not guilty of wrong1 but is doing his duty as an officer of the ,state4 ,rom #ac3d ,it is a sin to kill our neighbor's soul by tempting him to sin1 or enticing him to wrong-doing by our evil example4 ,we must not #b4--,,kill ,,or ,,injure ,,ourselves4 ,suicide is often prompted by despair1 remorse1 ,matt4 #bg3ce cowardice1 recklessness1 or insanity4 ,but it is sinful as well as foolish and cowardly4 ,he who commits it robs himself of the opportunity to repent1 and leaves others to bear the burdens from which he shrank4 ,if we are tempted to despair1 we should not commit suicide1 but seek comfort and strength in ,god's ,word4 ,if we have fallen into disgrace by sin1 we should repent and lead a better life4 ,duels4 ,we not only have no right to endanger another's life by a duel1 but we have no right to endanger our own4 ,the duel1 which was once a common practice1 has justly fallen under the condemnation of public opinion4 ,a ,life of ,sin4 ,impurity1 drunkenness1 gluttony1 or dissipation will shorten our life1 and make us die before our allotted time4 ,disregard of the ,laws of ,health1 overwork1 needless exposure1 carelessness1 violent anger1 needless worry1 are all forbidden by this commandment4 ,the voluntary sacrifice of our life for truth and right 7martyrdom71 or in defense of our country1 or in an effort to rescue and save others1 is not only justifiable but noble4 ,i ,john #c3af ,,ii4 ,,what ,,is ,,commanded4 ,we should ,,assist ,,and ,,comfort ,,our ,,neighbor4 ,gal4 #f3aj1 ,luke #aj3cj-ce1 ,matt4 #e3g1 ,matt4 #e3dd1 ,rom4 #ab3bj1 ,matt4 #bb3ci1 ,matt4 #g3ab1 ,prov4 #bd3ag #a4 ,,in ,,danger4 ,we should ,warn him of danger4 ,defend and rescue him4 ,ward off danger from him4 ,save him from worry and anxiety whenever we can4 #b4 ,,in ,,want4 ,we should ,aid the poor and destitute4 ,minister to the sick4 ,comfort the afflicted and distressed4 ,give to organized charities3 orphanages1 asylums1 hospitals1 rescue-work1 etc4 ,give to missions in order to save souls4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is to be said about the sacredness of human life8 #b4 ,what does this fifth commandment forbid8 #c4 ,what does it command8 #d4 ,whom are we forbidden to kill or injure8 #e4 ,mention some ways in which this commandment is broken with respect to others4 #f4 ,what is to be said about the sin of murder and its punishment8 #g4 ,what are some of the motives which prompt men to murder8 #h4 ,what is to be said about duels8 #i4 ,is war right8 #aj4 ,what does the ,bible say about hatred8 #aa4 ,what is to be said about useless risks1 accidents1 maltreatment1 etc48 #ab4 ,what is to be said about neglecting to warn or assist others8 #ac4 ,what is to be said about the right of self-defense8 #ad4 ,what is to be said about the official who inflicts the death-penalty on criminals8 #ae4 ,mention some ways in which this commandment is broken with respect to self4 #af4 ,what motives prompt men to suicide1 and how should we guard against such a sin8 #ag4 ,what is to be said about the folly and cowardice of the suicide's act8 #ah4 ,what is to be said of the voluntary sacrifice of our life8 #ai4 ,how are we to assist our neighbor in danger8 #bj4 ,how are we to assist and comfort him in want8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,gen4 #i3f4 ,whoso sheddeth man's blood1 by man shall his blood be shed2 for in the image of ,god made he man4 ,rom4 #ab3ai4 ,dearly beloved1 avenge not yourselves1 but rather give place unto wrath2 for it is written1 ,vengeance is mine2 ,i will repay1 saith the ,lord4 ,matt4 #e3ba1 #bb4 ,ye have heard that it was said by them of old time1 ,thou shalt not kill2 and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment3 but ,i say unto you1 ,that whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment2 and whosoever shall say to his brother1 ,raca1 shall be in danger of the council2 but whosoever shall say1 ,thou fool1 shall be in danger of hell fire4 ,eph4 #d3ca1 #cb4 ,let all bitterness1 and wrath1 and anger1 and clamour1 and evil speaking1 be put away from you1 with all malice2 and be ye kind one to another1 tender-hearted1 forgiving one another1 even as ,god for ,christ's sake hath forgiven you4 ,gal4 #f3aj4 ,as we have therefore opportunity1 let us do good unto all men1 especially unto them who are of the household of faith4 ,matt1 #e3g4 ,blessed are the merciful3 for they shall obtain mercy4 ,matt4 #e3dd1 #de4 ,but ,i say unto you1 ,love your enemies1 bless them that curse you1 do good to them that hate you1 and pray for them which despitefully use you1 and persecute you3 that ye may be the children of your ,father which is in heaven4 ,matt4 #g3ab4 ,therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you1 do ye even so to them3 for this is the law and the prophets4 ,,reading4--,cain kills ,abel4 ,gen4 #d3a-af4 ,,illustrations4--,murder3 ,cain2 ,joab1 ,,ii ,sam4 #c3bb1 #bi2 ,ahab and ,jezebel1 ,i ,kings #ba3a-ai2 ,herod1 ,matt4 #b3af-ah4 ,hatred3 ,joseph's ,brethren1 ,gen4 #cg4 ,suicide3 ,saul1 ,i ,sam4 #ca3e2 ,judas1 ,matt4 #bg3e4 ,assisting and ,comforting3 ,the ,good ,samaritan1 ,luke1 #aj3be-cg4 ,,chapter ,x4 ,,the ,,sixth ,,commandment4 ,,purity4 ,,marriage4 ,thou shalt not commit adultery4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as to be chaste and pure in our words and deeds1 each one also loving and honoring his wife or her husband4 99 99 99 99 99 ,this commandment is meant to preserve our personal purity1 and to guard the holy estate of marriage4 ,it forbids adultery and all impurity4 ,it commands chastity and purity in thought1 word1 and deed4 ,i4 ,,purity4 ,we should be ,,chaste ,,and ,,pure ,in ,heart4 ,we should keep our heart free from impure thoughts and desires4 ,matt4 #e3h1 ,prov4 #d3bc1 ,ps4 #ea3aj ,god judges us by the state of our heart4 ,i ,sam4 #af3g ,unchaste thoughts must not be delighted in nor harbored1 but subdued and stamped out4 ,they poison the soul4 ,they are themselves a transgression of this commandment1 ,matt4 #e3bh and they lead to further transgressions of it by word and deed4 ,,in ,,words4 ,we must avoid immodest conversation1 unchaste words1 vile stories1 and shameless jests4 ,eph4 #e3c-d1 ,eph4 #d3bi ,such things are not smart1 as many think1 but vile and despicable4 ,we should never take part in nor listen to a conversation which we would be ashamed to have overheard by persons whom we respect4 ,,in ,,deeds4 ,we should carefully avoid every act which would bring the blush of shame to our cheeks if it were known to our parents or others whose opinion we cherish4 ,our bodies are to be ,god's temple1 ,i ,cor4 #f3ai1 #bj and they dare not be given over to sin and impurity4 ,rom4 #f3ac ,we should remember that ,god sees even in secret1 and knows all our actions4 ,ps4 #aci3a-ab ,impurity of heart and life will not go unpunished4 ,i ,cor4 #c3af1 #ag1 ,gal4 #e3ai-ba ,it is often followed by the most dreadful consequences3 a ruined body1 an enfeebled mind1 a poisoned soul1 a tortured conscience1 public shame1 dreadful disease and an untimely death4 ,to ,keep ourselves ,pure we should watch and pray1 ,matt4 #bf3da avoid idleness1 evil company1 bad books and papers1 indecent songs and pictures1 immoral plays1 intemperance in eating and drinking1 and all that would incite to impurity4 ,we should keep our minds occupied with good thoughts and desires1 so that we have no room for evil ones4 ,rom4 #ac3ad ,,ii4 ,,marriage4 ,marriage is the union of one man and one woman for life in the bonds of love and faithfulness4 ,a ,holy ,estate4 ,marriage was instituted by ,god in ,eden ,gen4 #b3ac and was sanctioned by ,christ1 who performed ,his first miracle at a wedding4 ,john #b3a-aa ,it is a holy estate4 ,celibacy is not a holier estate than marriage1 as the ,roman ,catholic ,church maintains4 ,i ,tim4 #d3a-c ,indissoluble4 ,the marriage tie is binding until one of the married persons dies4 ,matt4 #ai3f ,except by death1 the marriage relation cannot be broken or dissolved without sin against this sixth commandment4 ,matt4 #e3cb1 ,matt #ai3i ,if one party to the marriage is guilty of adultery1 the innocent party may obtain a divorce4 ,no other divorces are allowed by ,christ4 ,an ,important ,step4 ,marriage is a most important step in life4 ,it must not be entered into hastily or thoughtlessly4 ,if a mistake is made in the choice of a partner for life1 the mistake can never be remedied4 ,those who contemplate such a step should pray for ,god's guidance4 ,marriage should not be entered upon for money1 social advantages1 and the like1 but for love4 ,parents should be consulted4 ,while marriage by a civil magistrate is valid1 ,christians should seek ,god's blessing upon their union and be married by ,his ordained servant4 ,the laws of the ,state must be carefully obeyed4 ,marriage between near relatives is forbidden by ,god's ,word4 ,lev4 #ah ,those who are married should1 if possible1 be of the same faith4 ,marriages between ,protestants and ,roman ,catholics are seldom happy4 ,duty of ,husband ,eph4 #e3be1 ,col4 #c3ai and ,wife4 ,eph4 #e3bb1 ,col4 #c3ah ,,each ,,should ,,love ,,and ,,honor ,,his ,,wife ,,or ,,her ,,husband4 ,the man is the head of the family1 but he must not be a tyrant4 ,the wife is not his slave1 but his dearest companion4 ,they are no longer two but one1 with a common love1 a common life1 a common property1 common children1 common hopes and aspirations1 and a common ,saviour4 ,i ,pet4 #c3g1 ,i ,pet4 #c3a ,they should be patient with one another's faults1 just to one another's virtues1 and should unselfishly seek one another's happiness4 ,they should live together in mutual love and faithfulness till separated by death4 ,only when husband and wife continue to love and honor one another can they be happy4 ,the breaking of the marriage covenant is followed by shame and misery4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is this commandment meant to preserve and guard8 #b4 ,what does it forbid and command8 #c4 ,what is it to be said about purity of heart8 #d4 ,what is to be said about purity in words8 #e4 ,what is to be said about purity in deeds8 #f4 ,mention some of the consequences which often follow upon impurity4 #g4 ,how may we keep ourselves pure8 #h4 ,what is marriage8 #i4 ,why is marriage a holy estate8 #aj4 ,how long is the marriage tie binding8 #aa4 ,when only and by whom dare a divorce be obtained8 #ab4 ,why must marriage not be entered upon hastily or thoughtlessly8 #ac4 ,what care should be exercised by those who think of being married8 #ad4 ,what is the duty of husband and wife8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,matt4 #e3h4 ,blessed are the pure in heart3 for they shall see ,god4 ,prov4 #d3bc4 ,keep thy heart with all diligence2 for out of it are the issues of life4 ,matt4 #e3bh4 ,but ,i say unto you1 ,that whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart4 ,eph4 #d3bi4 ,let no corrupt communication proceed out of your mouth1 but that which is good to the use of edifying1 that it may minister grace unto the hearers4 ,i ,cor4 #f3ai1 #bj4 ,what ,i know ye not that your body is the temple of the ,holy ,ghost which is in you1 which ye have of ,god1 and ye are not your own8 ,for ye are bought with a price2 therefore glorify ,god in your body and in your spirit1 which are ,god's4 ,i ,cor4 #c3af1 #ag4 ,know ye not that ye are the temple of ,god1 and that the ,spirit of ,god dwelleth in you8 ,if any man defile the temple of ,god1 him shall ,god destroy3 for the temple of ,god is holy2 which temple ye are4 ,gal4 #e3ai-ba4 ,now the works of the flesh are manifest1 which are these1 adultery1 fornication1 uncleanness1 lasciviousness1 idolatry1 witchcraft1 hatred1 variance1 emulations1 wrath1 strife1 seditions1 heresies1 envyings1 murders1 drunkenness1 revellings1 and such like3 of the which ,i tell you before1 as ,i have also told you in time past1 that they which1 do such things shall not inherit the kingdom of ,god4 ,matt4 #bf3da1 ,watch and pray1 that ye enter not into temptation3 the spirit indeed is willing1 but the flesh is weak4 ,matt4 #ai3 #f4 ,what therefore ,god hath joined together1 let not man put asunder4 ,matt4 #e3cb4 ,but ,i say unto you1 ,that whosoever shall put away his wife1 saving for the cause of fornication1 causeth her to commit adultery3 and whosoever shall marry her that is divorced committeth adultery4 ,eph4 #e3be1 ,husbands1 love your wives1 even as ,christ also loved the church1 and gave himself for it4 ,eph4 #e3bb4 ,wives1 submit yourselves unto your own husbands1 as unto the ,lord4 ,,reading4--,the ,creation of ,eve1 ,gen4 #b3ah-be2 or1 ,the ,marriage at ,cana1 ,john #b3a-aa4 ,,chapter ,,xi4 ,,the ,,seventh ,,commandment4 ,,property4 ,,honesty4 ,thou shalt not steal4 ,what is meant by this commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to rob our neighbor of his money or property1 nor bring it into our possession by unfair dealing or fraudulent means1 but rather assist him to improve and protect it4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the object of this commandment is to protect every man in the possession of that which is lawfully his own4 ,without such protection the individual could not support his life1 and society could not exist4 ,the industrious and thrifty would be at the mercy of the lazy and wicked4 ,this commandment forbids us to use dishonest means of acquiring property4 ,it commands us to assist our neighbor to improve and protect his own4 ,,property consists of whatever each person lawfully acquires of the earth's lands1 forests1 water1 mines1 houses1 goods or money4 ,it may be rightfully acquired by original claim1 inheritance1 gift1 or labor of body or mind4 ,honest labor united with economy is the best way to acquire it4 ,,unequal ,,division4 ,god1 who is the absolute owner of all things1 ,i ,cor4 #aj3bf divides to each as ,he will4 ,jer4 #bg3e ,he maketh poor and maketh rich4 ,i ,sam4 #b3g1 ,prov4 #bb3b ,much poverty1 however1 is due to men's own laziness1 idleness1 ,,ii ,thess4 #c3aj carelessness or extravagance2 and much wealth has been wrongfully gained contrary to ,god's will as expressed in this commandment4 ,communism1 or the equal division of property among all men1 is not practicable4 ,it failed in the apostolic ,church4 ,acts #e3a-aj ,if all things were equally divided1 some would soon clamor for another division4 ,,poverty ,,and ,,riches4 ,the happiest person is he who is neither rich nor poor1 but has sufficient for his needs4 ,prov4 #cj3g-i1 ,prov4 #ae3af-ag ,poverty may tempt a man to dishonesty2 and riches may lead him to avarice1 hardness of heart1 worldliness and extravagance4 ,i ,tim4 #f3i1 #aj1 ,i ,tim4 #f3ag ,riches make it hard for a man to enter into the kingdom of ,god4 ,matt4 #ai3bd1 ,matt4 #ac3bb ,we should respect men for what they are1 and not for what they have4 ,we should not flatter the rich nor despise the poor4 ,jas4 #b3a-d ,,use ,,of ,,property4 ,god entrusts earthly property to us as ,his stewards4 ,luke #ai3ab-bg1 ,matt4 #be3ad-cj1 ,luke #af3a-h ,whether we are rich or poor1 we should so use our property as to be able to give an account to ,god4 ,for ourselves and those dependent on us ,i ,tim4 #e3h we should use it for the supply of our bodily needs 7food1 clothing1 shelter1 a reasonable amount of pleasure7 and of our spiritual needs ,luke #ab3ae1 ,matt4 #f3cc1 ,i ,cor4 #i3ad 7the ,church and the ,gospel74 ,for our fellow-men we should1 when necessary1 use it according to our ability for their bodily needs 7the poor7 and their spiritual needs 7,home and ,foreign ,missions74 ,matt4 #bb3ci ,i4 ,,what ,,is ,,forbidden4 #a4 ,,robbing ,,our ,,neighbor4 ,the grossest forms of dishonesty are ,robbery1 ,theft1 ,burglary1 ,embezzlement1 and ,forgery4 ,these are recognized by all as wrong4 ,but it is also wrong to bring our neighbor's property into our possession1 by #b4 ,,unfair ,,dealing ,,and ,,fraudulent ,,means1 ,prov4 #bi3bd1 ,lev4 #f3b1 #c1 ,ps4 #cg3ba1 ,jer4 #bb3ac1 ,lev4 #ai3ce1 #cf1 ,hab4 #b3f1 ,prov4 #ae3f1 ,deut4 #bd3ad1 ,jas4 #e3d1 ,prov4 #aa3a such as ,concealing stolen property1 ,withholding lost or borrowed property1 ,evading taxes1 ,refusing to pay debts1 ,wilful idleness and beggary1 ,betting and gambling1 ,lotteries and chancing1 ,bribery1 ,useless lawsuits1 ,negligent management of another's property1 ,stealing car-rides1 ,unfaithful labor1 ,insufficient wages1 ,cornering the market1 ,overcharging1 ,usury1 ,adulterating goods1 ,giving short weight or measure1 and ,cheating of any kind4 #c4 ,dishonesty in the ,heart4 ,dishonesty has its source in the covetousness and greed of the human heart4 ,mic4 #b3b ,men first covet1 and then steal or defraud4 ,we must beware of covetousness4 ,luke #ab3ae ,the love of money is a root of all evil4 ,i ,tim4 #f3aj ,we must be honest even in small matters4 ,he who is dishonest in little will be dishonest in much4 ,luke #af3aj ,we must avoid all that would tempt us to dishonesty2 namely1 evil companions1 idleness1 speculation1 extravagance1 etc4 ,,ii4 ,,what ,,is ,,commanded4 ,we should #a4 ,,assist ,,our ,,neighbor ,,to ,,improve ,,and ,,protect ,,his ,,property4 ,exod4 #bc3d1 #e1 ,matt4 #g3ab ,we should help him to get along well in the world1 and do what we can to prevent him from being deprived of his possessions4 #b4 ,restore to the real owner whatever has been dishonestly gotten4 ,luke #ai3h #c4 ,be ,ready to use our money and property in order to help and benefit our neighbor4 ,eph4 #d3bh1 ,heb4 #ac4ah1 ,i ,pet4 #d3aj ,we must be helpful and charitable toward our fellow-men4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is the object of the seventh commandment8 #b4 ,what does this commandment forbid8 #c4 ,what does it command8 #d4 ,how may property be rightfully acquired8 #e4 ,explain why property is unequally divided among men8 #f4 ,what is to be said about communism8 #g4 ,why is he who is neither rich nor poor the happiest man8 #h4 ,what is the right use of property8 #i4 ,mention some gross forms of dishonesty8 #aj4 ,mention some other ways in which this commandment is broken8 #aa4 ,where does dishonesty have its source8 #ab4 ,if we would be honest1 what must we guard against8 #ac4 ,in what ways does this commandment require us to assist our neighbor8 ,,scripture ,,verses--,prov4 #bb3b4 ,the rich and poor meet together3 the ,,lord is the maker of them all4 ,,ii ,thess4 #c3aj4 ,this we commanded you1 that if any would not work1 neither should he eat4 ,prov4 #cj3g-i4 ,two things have ,i required of thee2 deny me them not before ,i die3 ,remove far from me vanity and lies2 give me neither poverty nor riches2 feed me with food convenient for me3 lest ,i be full1 and deny thee1 and say1 ,who is the ,,lord8 or lest ,i be poor1 and steal1 and take the name of my ,god in vain4 ,prov4 #ae3af-ag4 ,better is little with the fear of the ,,lord1 than great treasure and trouble therewith4 ,better is a dinner of herbs where love is1 than a stalled ox and hatred therewith4 ,i ,tim4 #f3ag4 ,charge them that are rich in this world1 that they be not highminded1 nor trust in uncertain riches1 but in the living ,god1 who giveth us richly all things to enjoy4 ,matt4 #ai3bd4 ,and again ,i say unto you1 ,it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle1 than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of ,god4 ,i ,tim4 #e3h4 ,but if any provide not for his own1 and specially for those of his own house1 he hath denied the faith1 and is worse than an infidel4 ,luke #ab3ae4 ,and he said unto them1 ,take heed1 and beware of covetousness3 for a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth4 ,i ,tim4 #f3aj4 ,for the love of money is the root of all evil3 which while some coveted after1 they have erred from the faith1 and pierced themselves through with many sorrows4 ,eph4 #d3bh4 ,let him that stole steal no more3 but rather let him labour1 working with his hands the thing which is good1 that he may have to give to him that needeth4 ,heb4 #ac3af4 ,but to do good and to communicate forget not3 for with such sacrifices ,god is well pleased4 ,,reading4--,the ,unjust ,steward1 ,luke #af3a-g2 or1 ,matt4 #be3 #ca-df4 ,,illustrations4--,poverty and ,riches3 ,the ,rich ,man and ,lazarus1 ,luke #af3ai-ca2 ,the ,rich ,fool1 ,luke #ab3ae-ba2 ,the ,prodigal ,son1 ,luke #ae3aa seq4 ,dishonesty3 ,achan1 ,josh4 #g4 ,gehazi1 ,,ii ,kings #e4 ,judas1 ,luke #ab3f1 ,ananias and ,sapphira1 ,acts #e4 ,benevolence3 ,the ,good ,samaritan1 ,luke #aj3cj-cg2 ,dorcas1 ,acts #i3cf2 ,cornelius1 ,acts #aj3b4 ,,chapter ,,xii4 ,,the ,,eighth ,,commandment4 ,,truthfulness4 ,thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor4 ,what is meant by this commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not deceitfully to belie1 betray1 slander1 nor raise injurious reports against our neighbor1 but apologize for him1 speak well of him1 and put the most charitable construction on all his actions4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,object of this commandment is to secure truthfulness1 ,eph4 #d3be and to guard our good name4 ,prov4 #bb3a ,without truthfulness we could not believe anything we heard1 and the utmost confusion would prevail in the affairs of men4 ,a good name is one of our most precious earthly possessions4 ,this commandment forbids all lying4 ,it commands perfect truthfulness and a charitable judgment of others4 ,i4 ,,what ,,is ,,forbidden4 ,,all ,,lying is forbidden4 ,ps4 #cd3ac ,false witness against other persons is the worst form of lying4 ,all lesser forms of lying are forbidden along with the greater4 #a4 ,false ,witness against our ,neighbor4 ,we must not tell a falsehood about another person either in court or in every-day life4 ,we must not ,,belie him1 that is1 tell an untruth about him4 ,,betray4 ,prov4 #aa3ac1 ,prov4 #bd3bh ,we must not abuse our neighbor's confidence by revealing his innocent secrets1 and thus annoying or harming him4 ,one who pretends to be another's friend1 and yet betrays him1 is acting a lie4 ,we dare not1 however1 hide crime2 and we must tell what we know about others if the court1 or parents1 or persons who have a right to know1 inquire of us4 ,,slander ,,nor ,,raise ,,injurious ,,reports4 ,exod4 #bc3a1 ,lev4 #ai3af1 ,ps4 #ae3a-c ,we must not invent nor repeat false reports concerning our neighbor4 ,we must not say behind his back what we fear to say to his face4 ,we must not magnify his faults1 ,matt4 #g3c-e nor impute evil motives to him1 nor make his words and conduct look as bad as possible4 ,the slanderer is worse than a thief and causes incalculable suffering and misery4 ,prov4 #be3ah1 ,jas4 #c3e-h ,we should remember that words once spoken live on for good or evil1 and cannot be unsaid2 and that we must give an account to ,god for every word we speak4 ,matt4 #ab3cf #b4 ,lying of ,any ,kind4 ,a lie is a conscious falsehood uttered with the purpose of deceiving4 ,it may be acted as well as spoken4 ,prov4 #f3ac ,we must not deceive nor try to deceive others by telling an untruth1 by hiding the truth or a part of it1 by hypocrisy1 flattery1 boasting1 broken promises1 conventional lies1 white lies1 lies of necessity1 guesses given as facts1 etc4 ,,ii4 ,,what ,,is ,,commanded4 #a4 ,truthfulness4 ,truth is of ,god2 ,deut4 #cb3d lying is of the devil4 ,john #h3dd ,as children of ,god we must be truthful4 ,col4 #c3i ,a liar is an abomination in ,god's sight4 ,prov4 #ab3bb1 ,prov4 #ag3ae ,if necessary1 we should be ready to suffer and die for the truth4 #b4 ,a ,charitable ,judgment of ,others4 ,we should ,,apologize ,,for ,,our ,,neighbor1 and defend him when his character is unjustly assailed4 ,matt4 #g3ab1 ,prov4 #ca3h1 #i ,we must be careful1 however1 not to excuse or make light of sin4 ,isa4 #e3bj ,we should ,,speak ,,well ,,of ,,him whenever we can do so truthfully4 ,we should speak of his virtues rather than of his faults4 ,matt4 #g3a1 #b1 ,jas4 #d3aa ,if we cannot speak well of him1 then1 unless it is absolutely necessary1 we had better not speak of him at all4 ,we should ,,put ,,the ,,most ,,charitable ,,construction ,,on ,,all ,,his ,,actions4 ,i ,pet4 #d3h1 ,i ,cor4 #ac3d-g1 ,gal4 #f3a ,we should1 as far as possible1 make the best and not the worst of what our neighbor says and does4 ,we should think and speak of him only in kindness4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what a the object of this commandment8 #b4 ,what does it forbid8 #c4 ,what does it command8 #d4 ,what is the worst form of lying8 #e4 ,what is included under false witness8 #f4 ,what is meant by belying our neighbor8 #g4 ,what is to be said about betraying him8 #h4 ,what is to be said about slander and the slanderer8 #i4 ,define a lie4 #aj4 ,in what ways do men speak and act lies8 #aa4 ,why should we be truthful8 #ab4 ,what is to be said about apologizing for our neighbor8 #ac4 ,what rule should we follow in speaking of others8 #ad4 ,how should we think and speak of our neighbor8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,eph4 #d3be4 ,wherefore putting away lying1 speak every man truth with his neighbour3 for we are members one of another4 ,prov4 #bb3a4 ,a good name is rather to be chosen than great riches1 and loving favour rather than silver and gold4 ,ps4 #cd3ac4 ,keep thy tongue from evil1 and thy lips from speaking guile4 ,prov4 #aa3ac4 ,a talebearer revealeth secrets3 but he that is of a faithful spirit concealeth the matter4 ,exod4 #bc3a4 ,thou shalt not raise a false report3 put not thine hand with the wicked to be an unrighteous witness4 ,matt4 #g3c-e4 ,and why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother's eye1 but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye8 ,or how wilt thou say to thy brother1 ,let me pull out the mote out of thine eye2 and1 behold1 a beam is in thine own eye8 ,thou hypocrite1 first cast out the beam out of thine own eye2 and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother's eye4 ,prov4 #be3ah4 ,a man that beareth false witness against his neighbour is a maul1 and a sword1 and a sharp arrow4 ,col4 #c3i4 ,lie not one to another1 seeing that ye have put off the old man with his deeds4 ,is4 #e3bj4 ,woe unto them that call evil good1 and good evil2 that put darkness for light1 and light for darkness2 that put bitter for sweet1 and sweet for bitter6 ,matt4 #g3a1 #b4 ,judge not1 that ye be not judged4 ,for with what judgment ye judge1 ye shall be judged3 and with what measure ye mete1 it shall be measured to you again4 ,i ,pet4 #d3h4 ,and above all things have fervent charity among yourselves3 for charity shall cover the multitude of sins4 ,,reading4--,the ,false ,witnesses against ,stephen1 ,acts #f3h-ae4 ,,illustrations4--,false ,witness3 ,against ,christ1 ,matt4 #bf3fj2 against ,naboth1 ,i ,kings #ba3aj2 against ,paul1 ,acts #be3g4 ,slander3 ,absalom against ,david1 ,,ii ,sam4 #ae3a seq42 ,lying3 ,jacob1 ,gen4 #bg3ai2 ,jacob's ,sons1 ,gen4 #cg3cb4 ,betrayal3 ,judas4 ,speaking well3 ,jonathan1 ,i ,sam4 #ai3d4 ,,chapter ,,xiii4 ,,the ,,ninth ,,and ,,tenth ,,commandments4 ,a ,,right ,,heart4 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to desire by craftiness to gain possession of our neighbor's inheritance or home1 or to obtain it under the pretext of a legal right2 but be ready to assist and serve him in the preservation of his own4 99 99 99 99 99 ,thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife1 nor his manservant1 nor his maid-servant1 nor his ox1 nor his ass1 nor anything that is thy neighbor's4 ,what is meant by this ,commandment8 ,we should so fear and love ,god as not to alienate our neighbor's wife from him1 entice away his servants1 nor let loose his cattle1 but use our endeavors that they may remain and discharge their duty to him4 99 99 99 99 99 ,both these commandments forbid coveting2 hence1 we may consider them together4 ,they deal with the root and source of all sin2 namely1 the evil lusts and desires of the heart4 ,matt4 #ae3ai1 ,jas4 #a3ad1 #ae ,,the ,,object of these two commandments is to emphasize the necessity of a right state of heart4 ,i ,sam4 #af3g1 ,matt4 #e3e ,all the commandments must1 indeed1 be kept in thought as well as in word and deed4 ,but by adding these two special commandments against coveting1 ,god desires to impress upon us most strongly that wrong thoughts and desires make us guilty before ,him4 ,we are not keeping ,god's commandments unless we are free from the desire to transgress them4 ,as a man thinketh in his heart1 so is he4 ,prov4 #bc3g ,,the ,,heart ,,by ,,nature ,,sinful4 ,we are born with a sinful nature and a natural inclination to evil 7,original sin71 which we have inherited from our ancestors as a result of the fall into sin4 ,john #c3f1 ,jer4 #ag3i ,this natural inclination to evil manifests itself in wrong thoughts and desires which arise in the heart4 ,rom4 #g3ah1 #ai ,these wrong desires or lusts are in themselves sinful3 and if they are not subdued1 they lead to sins of words and deeds4 ,jas4 #a3ad1 #ae ,these commandments forbid us to covet anything that is our neighbor's4 ,they command us to assist and serve him in retaining his own4 ,i4 ,,what ,,is ,,forbidden4 ,,coveting1 ,to covet means to desire what we have no right to have4 ,to wish to obtain something in a lawful way is not coveting4 ,but we must not have #a4 ,an ,unlawful ,desire ,gal4 #e3bd for our neighbor's possessions1 whether it be his property1 wife1 servants1 cattle1 or anything that is his4 ,we must not envy him on account of them1 nor begrudge them to him1 nor wish that we had them in his stead4 ,we must not make #b4 ,any ,attempt to ,gratify such ,unlawful ,desires and ,,to ,,gain ,,possession ,,of ,,our ,,neighbor',s ,,inheritance ,,or ,,home ,,by ,,craftiness1 shrewdness1 cunning1 deceit and the like4 ,prov4 #ae3f ,nor dare we seek ,,to ,,obtain ,,it ,,under ,,the ,,pretext ,,of ,a ,,legal ,,right2 that is1 by ways which human laws allow and appear to sanction1 but which are not right before ,god4 ,matt4 #bc3ad ,nor dare we attempt to ,,alienate 7estrange71 ,,entice or drive away from him his wife1 servants1 or cattle1 by persuasion1 flattery1 falsehood1 promises1 threats1 or force4 ,,ii4 ,,what is ,,commanded4 ,,assistance ,,and ,,service4 ,we should #a4 ,,assist ,,and ,,serve ,,him ,,in ,,the ,,preservation ,,of ,,his ,,own4 ,phil4 #b3d1 ,gal4 #e3ab ,instead of wishing to get his property away from him1 we should most heartily wish that he may be able to keep it1 and should help him to retain it4 ,we should #b4 ,,use ,,our ,,endeavors ,,that ,,they who belong to him ,,may ,,remain ,,and ,,discharge ,,their ,,duty ,,to ,,him4 ,we should help him to retain their affection and faithfulness4 ,we should heartily wish them to remain1 and persuade them to do so4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,why may these two commandments be considered together8 #b4 ,with what do they deal8 #c4 ,what is the object of these two commandments8 #d4 ,when only are we keeping ,god's commandments8 #e4 ,what is to be said about the natural state of the heart4 #f4 ,what do these commandments forbid8 #g4 ,what do they command8 #h4 ,define coveting4 #i4 ,if we would avoid breaking this commandment1 what must we not do8 #aj4 ,how should we be of assistance and service to our neighbor8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,matt4 #ae3ai4 ,for out of the heart proceed evil thoughts1 murders1 adulteries1 fornications1 thefts1 false witness1 blasphemies4 ,i ,sam4 #af3g4 ,the ,,lord seeth not as man seeth2 for man looketh on the outward appearance1 but the ,,lord looketh on the heart4 ,john #c3f4 ,that which is born of the flesh1 is flesh2 and that which is born of the ,spirit is spirit4 ,rom4 #g3ah1 #ai4 ,for ,i know that in me 7that is1 in my flesh7 dwelleth no good thing3 for to will is present with me2 but how to perform that which is good ,i find not4 ,for the good that ,i would1 ,i do not3 but the evil which ,i would not1 that ,i do4 ,jas4 #a3ad1 #ae4 ,but every man is tempted1 when he is drawn away of his own lust1 and enticed4 ,then when lust hath conceived1 it bringeth forth sin2 and sin1 when it is finished1 bringeth forth death4 ,gal4 #e3bd4 ,and they that are ,christ's have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts4 ,matt4 #bc3ad4 ,woe unto you1 scribes and ,pharisees1 hypocrites6 for ye devour widows' houses1 and for a pretence make long prayer3 therefore1 ye shall receive the greater damnation4 ,phil4 #b3d4 ,look not every man on his own things1 but every man also on the things of others4 ,,reading4--,naboth's ,vineyard1 ,i ,kings #ba3a-ai4 ,,illustrations4--,coveting3 ,ahab2 ,david1 ,,ii ,sam4 #ab2 ,absalom1 ,,ii ,sam4 #ae4 ,assistance and ,service3 ,paul1 ,philemon #aj-ag4 ,,chapter ,,xiv4 ,,the ,,conclusion ,,of ,,the ,,commandments4 ,,punishment ,,or ,,blessing4 ,what does ,god declare concerning these ,commandments8 ,he says3 ,i the ,lord thy ,god am a jealous ,god1 visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me1 and showing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments4 ,what in meant by this ,declaration8 ,god threatens to punish all those who transgress these commandments2 we should therefore dread ,his displeasure and not act contrarily to these commandments4 ,but ,he promises grace and every blessing to all who keep them2 we should therefore love and trust in him1 and cheerfully do what he has commanded us4 99 99 99 99 99 ,a ,,jealous ,,god4 ,god claims our highest love1 and is grieved and offended if we turn our affections away from ,him and disobey ,his law4 ,he will punish or bless men according as they hate or love ,him3 ,rom4 #b3f-aj1 ,deut4 #aa3bf-bh1 ,gal4 #f3g-h to the third and fourth generation of them that hate him1 and unto thousands of them that love ,him and keep ,his commandments4 ,i4 ,,punishment4 ,,god ,,threatens ,,to ,,punish #a4 ,whom8 ,,all ,,those ,,who ,,transgress ,,these ,,commandments ,rom3 #a3ah1 ,lev #bf3ad-ae1 ,isa #ei3b1 ,ezek4 #ah3d1 ,rom4 #f3bc by commission1 7doing what is forbidden7 or omission 7not doing what is commanded71 whether it be transgression by deed or word or thought4 ,every transgression1 great or small1 is sin1 and makes men guilty and punishable4 ,gal4 #c3aj #b4 ,why8 ,because justice demands it4 ,gal4 #f3g ,god cannot be unjust4 ,he cannot overlook or excuse sin4 ,eccl4 #aa3i ,earthly governments must and do punish offenders1 or they would be unjust to those persons who obey the law4 ,a law without a penalty would amount to nothing4 ,god1 who governs the universe1 is and must be just4 ,gen4 #ah3be #c4 ,how8 ,in this ,world ,god punishes sin by ,pangs of ,conscience2 ,matt4 #bf3ge1 ,matt4 #bg3c-d ,pains and ,sufferings which are the results of wrong-doing1 ,jer4 #ag3aj e4g41 the results of drunkenness and licentiousness2 ,legal ,penalties which the ,state1 as ,god's servant to punish crime1 inflicts by fines1 imprisonment and hanging2 ,rom4 #ac3d ,special ,judgments upon individuals #a ,cor4 #aj3e in the form of sickness1 accidents and reverses1 though we must remember that afflictions are not always a judgment1 but are often sent upon the godly as a chastening2 ,heb4 #ab3f ,general ,judgments upon wicked communities1 such as that which ,god sent upon ,sodom and ,gomorrah4 ,gen4 #ai3bd ,children are often obliged to suffer for the sins of their parents4 ,jer4 #ca3bi ,if the children also are wicked1 their sufferings are a punishment2 ,ezek4 #ah3bj1 ,prov4 #c3ab1 ,rom4 #h3bh if they are godly1 their sufferings are a chastening4 ,in the ,next ,world ,god will punish by ,exclusion from ,heaven and from ,his ,presence2 ,matt4 #bb3ac and by ,eternal ,misery in ,hell4 ,rev4 #ba3h1 ,matt4 #be3da ,,ii4 ,,blessing4 ,,god ,,promises ,,grace ,,and ,,every ,,blessing4 ,rom4 #b3aj #a4 ,to ,whom8 ,,to ,,all ,,who ,,keep ,,these ,,commandments4 ,it is true1 all men are sinners1 and no one keeps these commandments perfectly4 ,rom4 #c3bc ,but the godly try earnestly to keep them1 ,i ,cor4 #i3bg and are truly sorry for every failure to do so4 ,rom4 #g3bd ,to them1 therefore1 ,god promises grace and every blessing4 #b4 ,why8 ,god will bless them1 not because they have earned a reward1 but because ,he is merciful and gracious4 ,ps4 #ajc3aa1 ,joel #b3ac ,we cannot earn anything from ,god but punishment4 ,his blessing is bestowed upon us solely as a gift of grace4 #c4 ,how8 ,in this ,world ,god blesses the godly with3 ,peace of ,heart2 ,john #ad3bg ,his ,favor and ,guidance2 ,ps4 #cd3ae ,true ,success in ,life2 ,rom4 #h3bh and a ,blessed ,hope of ,salvation4 ,rev4 #b3aj ,children and remote descendants share in the blessing of godly ancestors4 ,in the ,next ,world ,god will grant them3 ,entrance into ,heaven for ,christ's ,sake2 ,matt4 #be3cd and ,eternal ,glory and ,blessedness4 ,john #ad3b-c1 ,rev4 #c3ba ,a ,,warning4 ,an impenitent life will bring upon us ,god's punishment in time and eternity4 ,,we ,,should ,,therefore ,,dread ,,his ,,displeasure1 ,,and ,,not ,,act ,,contrarily ,,to ,,these ,,commandments4 ,,an ,,encouragement4 ,a godly life will bring upon us ,god's blessing in time and eternity4 ,,we ,,should ,,therefore ,,love ,,and ,,trust ,,in ,,him1 ,,cheerfully ,,do ,,what ,,he ,,has ,,commanded ,,us4 ,,the ,,ten ,,commandments ,,condemn ,,us2 for we have broken them by thought1 word1 and deed4 ,john #a3h-aj1 ,rom #c3bc1 ,eccl #g3bj1 ,jas #b3aj ,we are not able to keep them perfectly4 ,rom #g3ah-ai ,consequently we cannot be saved by them4 ,gal #c3aa ,they are meant to show us our sinfulness1 ,rom #c3bj to lead us to repentance1 and to direct as to ,christ for salvation4 ,gal #c3bd ,we can be saved only through ,him4 ,john #ad3f1 ,acts #d3ab ,we are taught concerning ,christ1 and confess our faith in ,him in the ,second ,part of the ,catechism which now follows1 namely1 ,the ,creed4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what does ,god mean when ,he says that ,he is a jealous ,god8 #b4 ,whom will ,god punish8 #c4 ,why will ,he punish8 #d4 ,how does ,he punish8 #e4 ,to whom does ,god promise grace and blessing8 #f4 ,why will ,he bless them8 #g4 ,how will ,he bless them8 #h4 ,what warning is contained in the ,conclusion of the ,commandments8 #i4 ,what encouragement is contained in it8 #aj4 ,why can we not be saved by the ,ten ,commandments8 #aa4 ,what are the ,commandments meant to do8 #ab4 ,how only can we be saved8 #ac1 ,where are we taught concerning ,christ8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,rom4 #a3ah4 ,for the wrath of ,god is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men1 who hold the truth in unrighteousness4 ,ezek4 #ah3d4 ,the soul that sinneth1 it shall die4 ,rom4 #f3bc4 ,for the wages of sin is death2 but the gift of ,god is eternal life through ,jesus ,christ our ,lord4 ,gal4 #f3g4 ,be not deceived2 ,god is not mocked3 for whatsoever a man soweth1 that shall he also reap4 ,gen4 #ah3be4 ,shall not the ,judge of all the earth do right8 ,heb4 #ab3f4 ,whom the ,lord loveth he chasteneth4 ,rom4 #b3aj4 ,but glory1 honour1 and peace1 to every man that worketh good2 to the ,jew first1 and also to the ,gentile4 ,rom4 #c3bc4 ,for all have sinned1 and come short of the glory of ,god4 ,ps4 #ajc3aa4 ,for as the heaven is high above the earth1 so great is his mercy toward them that fear him4 ,ps4 #cd3a-e4 ,the eyes of the ,,lord are upon the righteous1 and his ears are open unto their cry4 ,rev4 #b3aj4 ,be thou faithful unto death1 and ,i will give thee a crown of life4 ,i ,john #a3h-i4 ,if we say that we have no sin1 we deceive ourselves1 and the truth is not in us4 ,if we confess our sins1 he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins1 and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness4 ,jas4 #b3aj4 ,for whosoever shall keep the whole law1 and yet offend in one point1 he is guilty of all4 ,john #ad3f4 ,jesus saith unto him1 ,i am the way1 the truth1 and the life3 no man cometh unto the ,father1 but by me4 ,acts #d3ab4 ,neither is there salvation in any other3 for there is none other name under heaven given among men1 whereby we must be saved4 ,,reading4--,the ,fall into ,sin and its ,punishment1 ,gen4 #c4 ,,illustrations4--,punishment3 ,adam and ,eve2 ,cain1 ,gen4 #d3i-ae2 ,the ,deluge1 ,gen4 #f-h2 ,sodom and ,gomorrah1 ,gen4 #ai2 ,the ,ten ,plagues1 ,exod4 #g-ab2 ,korah1 ,numb4 #af2 ,saul1 ,i ,sam4 #ae2 ,the ,assyrian and ,babylonian ,captivities1 ,,ii ,kings #ag1 ,,ii ,kings #be4 ,blessing3 ,abraham1 ,gen4 #ab3b2 ,joseph1 ,gen4 #de3d-h2 ,david1 ,,ii ,sam4 #g3af2 ,cornelius1 ,acts #d3aj4 ,,part ,,ii4 ,,the ,,creed4 ,,chapter ,,xv4 ,,creeds ,,or ,,confessions4 ,,the ,,creed1 from the ,latin ,credo1 ,i believe1 means that which we as ,christians believe4 ,the ,creed given in our ,catechism is the ,apostles' ,creed4 ,it is so called1 not because it was written by the apostles1 but because it contains1 in a brief summary1 the doctrines which the apostles taught4 ,it grew out of the words of the baptismal formula3 ,in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,matt #bh3ai ,it has come down to us from the early centuries of the ,church's history1 and is her confession of faith4 ,it should be our confession also2 we should say from the heart1 ,i believe in ,god1 etc4 ,there are ,two ,,kinds ,,of ,,creeds or ,confessions of ,faith3-- ,i4 ,oecumenical or ,universal ,creeds1 which are accepted by the whole ,christian ,church throughout the world4 ,they are #a4 ,the ,apostles' ,creed4 #b4 ,the ,nicene ,creed4 #c4 ,the ,athanasian ,creed4 ,,ii4 ,particular ,creeds or ,confessions1 which are accepted by the various ,churches and ,denominations as their distinctive confessions4 ,our ,lutheran ,confessions are3-- #a4 ,the ,augsburg ,confession4 #b4 ,the ,apology 7,defense7 of the ,augsburg ,confession4 #c4 ,the ,schmalcald ,articles4 #d4 ,the ,small ,catechism4 #e4 ,the ,large ,catechism4 #f4 ,the ,formula of ,concord4 ,these nine confessions together form the ,book of ,concord4 ,,the ,,apostles' ,,creed ,,contains1 in ,three ,articles1 a statement of what the ,triune ,god1 the ,father1 the ,son1 and the ,holy ,ghost1 has done and still does for us4 ,article ,i4 treats of ,god the ,father and ,his work of ,creation4 ,article ,,ii4 treats of ,god the ,son and ,his work of ,redemption4 ,article ,,iii4 treats of ,god the ,holy ,ghost and ,his work of ,sanctification4 ,,the ,,trinity4 ,there is only one ,god1 ,deut4 #f3d but there are three ,persons1 ,father1 ,son1 and ,holy ,ghost4 ,hence1 we say that ,god is the ,holy ,trinity1 or the ,three in ,one4 ,we cannot understand or explain how ,god can be three ,persons and yet only one ,god4 ,but we must not expect with our finite mind to comprehend the infinite ,god4 ,we must accept the truth concerning ,god as ,he himself has revealed it to us in ,his ,word4 ,he plainly tells us that ,he is ,one2 for ,he says1 ,i am the ,lord thy ,god2 thou shalt have no other gods before ,me4 ,exod4 #bj3b-c ,yet ,he also plainly tells us that there are three ,persons4 ,they are expressly mentioned in ,christ's command to ,his disciples1 ,go ye1 and make disciples of all nations1 baptizing them in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,matt4 #bh3ai ,and they were all revealed at the baptism of ,jesus1 when the ,father spoke from heaven and said1 ,this is my beloved ,son in whom ,i am well pleased1 and the ,holy ,ghost descended on ,jesus in the form of a dove4 ,matt4 #c3af-ag ,each ,person of the ,holy ,trinity has a share in the work of our salvation4 ,the ,father sent ,his ,son to save us2 ,john #c3af the ,son became man and died for us2 ,rom4 #e3h and the ,holy ,spirit applies redemption to our souls ,i ,cor4 #ab3c through the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,define the word ,creed4 #b4 ,why is the ,apostles' ,creed so called8 #c4 ,how did it originate8 #d4 ,what two kinds of creeds are there8 #e4 ,name the oecumenical creeds4 #f4 ,name the particular creeds or confessions of the ,lutheran ,church8 #g4 ,what does the ,apostles' ,creed contain8 #h4 ,of what do the three articles of the ,apostles' ,creed treat8 #i4 ,what is meant by the ,holy ,trinity8 #aj4 ,how do we know that ,god is only one ,god8 #aa4 ,how do we know there are three ,persons8 #ab4 ,how do the three ,persons of the ,trinity share in the work of our salvation8 ,,chapter ,,xvi4 ,,the ,,first ,,article4 ,,of ,,god ,,the ,,father1 ,,or ,,creation4 ,i believe in ,god the ,father ,almighty1 ,maker of heaven and earth4 ,what is meant by this ,article8 ,i believe that ,god has created me and all that exists2 that ,he has given and still preserves to me my body and soul1 with all my limbs and senses1 my reason and all the faculties of my mind1 together with my raiment1 food1 home and family1 and all my property3 that ,he daily provides me abundantly with all the necessaries of life1 protects me from all danger1 and preserves me and guards me against all evil2 all which ,he does out of pure1 paternal and divine goodness and mercy1 without any merit or worthiness in me2 for all which ,i am in duty bound to thank1 praise1 serve and obey ,him4 ,this is most certainly true4 ,i ,,believe ,,in1 that is1 ,i trust in1 ,i rely upon4 ,,god ,,the ,,father1 ,he is the ,father of my ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 ,matt4 #aa3be and the first ,person of the ,holy ,trinity4 ,through ,christ ,he is also my ,father4 ,john #bj3ag1 ,eph4 #a3c ,,almighty1 ,he is able to do all things1 and to help me in every time of need4 ,,maker ,,of ,,heaven ,,and ,,earth4 ,ps4 #ajb3be ,he has made all things1--the universe and all that it contains4 ,the world did not come into being of itself or by chance1 nor did it exist from eternity4 ,god made it out of nothing4 ,in the beginning ,he created the heaven and the earth4 ,gen4 #a3a1 ,ps #cc3f1 #i ,they were at first a formless mass2 ,gen4 #a3b but in six days ,god fashioned the formless mass into the world as it now exists4 ,on these six days ,he created1 #a4 ,light1 #b4 ,the ,firmament1 #c4 ,land and ,sea1 #d4 ,sun1 moon and stars1 #e4 ,fishes and birds1 #f4 ,beasts and man4 ,gen #a3c-ca ,god's ,chief ,creatures are the angels in heaven and men on earth4 ,all ,his creatures1 as they came from ,his hands1 were very good4 ,gen4 #c3ca ,but some of the angels sinned1 and became bad angels or devils4 ,,ii ,pet4 #b3d ,and man also1 though created in the image of ,god1 fell into sin1 and lost his original righteousness and holiness4 ,gen4 #c1 ,gen4 #h3ba1 ,eph4 #d3bd ,luther's explanation of this ,article in the catechism tells us3 ,i4 ,what ,god has done and still does for me1 ,,ii4 ,why ,god does all this for me1 ,,iii4 ,what ,i owe to ,god in return4 ,i4 ,,what ,,god ,,has ,,done ,,and ,,still ,,does ,,for ,,me4 ,i ,,believe ,,that ,,god ,,has #a4 ,,created ,,me ,job4 #cc3d ,,and ,,all ,,that ,,exists2 ,neh4 #i3f1 ,col4 #a3af ,,that ,,he ,,has ,,given ,,to ,,me ,,my ,,body1--,,with ,,all ,,my ,,limbs ,,and ,,senses4 ,though my body1 like that of the beasts1 is made of the dust of the ground1 ,gen4 #b3g it is vastly superior to their bodies1 and is a marvelous piece of divine workmanship1 ,ps4 #aci3ad exquisitely adapted to be the earthly tabernacle of the soul which inhabits it4 ,,my ,,soul1 ,gen4 #b3g--,,my ,,reason ,,and ,,all ,,the ,,faculties ,,of ,,my ,,mind1 by which ,i am placed so far above the brute creation4 ,god made the human soul to be a likeness of ,himself2 ,gen4 #a3bg1 ,gen4 #i3f that is1 ,he gave to man in a limited measure those powers and faculties which ,he ,himself possesses in unlimited and infinite measure4 ,and while the human mind has become dimmed by the fall1 its powers and faculties are still most wonderful4 #b4 ,,preserves ,,me4 ,neh4 #i3f ,all that has helped to support my life has been ,god's gift2 namely1 ,,my ,,raiment1 ,,food1 ,,home ,,and ,,family1 ,,and ,,all ,,my ,,property4 ,i continue to live because ,he sustains me4 ,jas4 #a3ag1 ,acts #ag3bh ,,he ,,daily ,,provides ,,me ,,abundantly ,,with ,,all ,,the ,,necessaries ,,of ,,life4 ,ps4 #aae3ae-af ,his care for me is a constant1 daily care4 ,his mercies are new every morning4 ,matt4 #f3ca-cb1 ,lam4 #c3bb-bc ,,he ,,protects ,,me ,,from ,,all ,,danger1 ,,seen ,,and ,,unseen4 ,ps4 #cd3g1 ,matt4 #aj3cj ,i am beset with perils on every hand4 ,if ,god withdrew ,his protecting hand1 ,i should perish immediately4 ,,he ,,preserves ,,me ,,and ,,guards ,,me ,,against ,,all ,,evil4 ,ps #aba3e1 #h ,no real evil can come upon ,god's children4 ,what seems an evil is meant for a good purpose1 and is a blessing in disguise4 ,rom4 #h3bh1 ,isa4 #ee3h-i1 ,jer4 #bi3aa1 ,ps4 #bc3d ,,ii4 ,,why ,,god ,,does ,,all ,,this ,,for ,,me4 ,he does it purely #a4 ,,out ,,of ,,paternal ,,and ,,divine ,,goodness ,,and ,,mercy4 ,ps4 #ajc3ac ,it is ,,paternal or fatherly ,ps #ajc3ac goodness and mercy1 because ,he is my ,father through ,jesus ,christ1 and loves me as ,his child4 ,it is ,,divine goodness and mercy1 because ,god is love1 ,i ,john #d3af and only ,his unspeakable love could move ,him to bestow ,his great benefits upon sinful men1 even upon the wicked and unthankful4 ,matt4 #e3de #b4 ,,without ,,any ,,merit ,,or ,,worthiness ,,in ,,me4 ,gen4 #cb3aj ,i have merited 7deserved7 nothing and ,i am worthy of nothing but punishment2 for ,i am a sinful being1 ,ps4 #ea3e and ,i have broken ,god's law many times by thoughts and words and deeds4 ,jer4 #ad3g ,,iii4 ,,what ,i ,,owe ,,to ,,god ,,in ,,return4 ,for all ,his goodness and mercy ,i ,,am ,,in ,,duty ,,bound ,ps4 #aaf3ab1 ,ps4 #ej3ad #a4 ,,to ,,thank ,,and ,,praise ,,him4 ,i must not receive ,god's benefits as a matter of course1 but must recognize them as gifts of ,his grace1 and daily thank and praise ,him in my heart and with my lips4 ,ps4 #ajc3a #b4 ,,to ,,serve ,,and ,,obey ,,him4 ,i must show my gratitude in my life by obeying ,god's commandments and giving myself with all my heart to ,his service4 ,rom4 #ab3a ,,this ,,is ,,most ,,certainly ,,true2 namely1 #a4 ,that all the blessings ,i enjoy come from ,god1 #b4 ,that they are the gifts of ,his grace and that ,i am unworthy of them1 #c4 ,that ,i owe to ,god the fullest gratitude of heart and life4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what does ,i believe mean8 #b4 ,why do we say ,god the ,father8 #c4 ,what does ,almighty mean8 #d4 ,what has ,god made8 #e4 ,name ,his chief creatures4 #f4 ,what three things does ,luther's explanation of this article tell us8 #g4 ,what has ,god done and what does ,he still do for us8 #h4 ,in creating us1 what has ,god given us8 #i4 ,how does ,he preserve us8 #aj4 ,why does ,god do all this for us8 #aa4 ,why are we not worthy of it8 #ab4 ,what do we owe to ,god in return8 #ac4 ,what is meant by thanking and praising ,him8 #ad4 ,what is meant by serving and obeying ,him8 #ae4 ,what is most certainly true according to this article8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,eph4 #a3c4 ,blessed be the ,god and father of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in ,christ4 ,gen4 #a3a4 ,in the beginning ,god created the heaven and the earth4 ,job #cc3d4 ,the ,spirit of ,god hath made me1 and the breath of the ,almighty hath given me life4 ,col4 #a3af4 ,for by him were all things created1 that are in heaven1 and that are in earth1 visible and invisible1 whether they be thrones1 or dominions1 or principalities1 or powers3 all things were created by him1 and for him4 ,gen4 #b3g4 ,and the ,lord ,god formed man of the dust of the ground1 and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life2 and man became a living soul4 ,jas4 #a3ag4 ,every good gift and every perfect gift is from above1 and cometh down from the ,father of lights1 with whom is no variableness1 neither shadow of turning4 ,acts #ag3bh4 ,for in him we live1 and move1 and have our being4 ,ps4 #ade3ae1 #af4 ,the eyes of all wait upon thee2 and thou givest them their meat in due season4 ,thou openest thine hand1 and satisfiest the desire of every living thing4 ,matt4 #f3ca1 #cb ,therefore take no thought1 saying1 ,what shall we eat8 or1 ,what shall we drink1 or1 ,wherewithal shall we be clothed8 7,for after all these things do the ,gentiles seek37 for your heavenly ,father knoweth that ye have need of all these things4 ,lam #c3bb1 #bc4 ,it is of the ,,lord',s mercies that we are not consumed1 because his compassions fail not4 ,they are new every morning4 ,ps4 #cd3g4 ,the angel of the ,,lord encampeth round about them that fear him1 and delivereth them4 ,ps4 #aba3e1 #h4 ,the ,,lord is thy keeper3 the ,,lord is thy shade upon thy right hand4 ,the ,,lord shall preserve thy going out and thy coming in from this time forth1 and even for evermore4 ,rom4 #h3bh4 ,and we know that all things work together for good to them that love ,god1 to them who are the called according to his purpose4 ,ps4 #bc3d4 ,yea1 though ,i walk through the valley of the shadow of death1 ,i will fear no evil3 for thou art with me2 thy rod and thy staff they comfort me4 ,ps4 #ajc3ac4 ,like as a father pitieth his children1 so the ,lord pitieth them that fear him4 ,i ,john #d3af4 ,god is love2 and he that dwelleth in love dwelleth in ,god1 and ,god in him4 ,matt4 #e3de4 ,he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and on the good1 and sendeth rain on the just and on the unjust4 ,gen4 #cb3aj4 ,i am not worthy of the least of all the mercies1 and of all the truth1 which thou hast shewed unto thy servant4 ,ps4 #aaf3ab4 ,what shall ,i render unto the ,,lord for all his benefits toward me8 ,ps4 #ajc3a4 ,bless the ,,lord1 ,o my soul3 and all that is within me1 bless his holy name4 ,bless the ,,lord1 ,o my soul1 and forget not all his benefits4 ,rom4 #ab3a4 ,i beseech you therefore1 brethren1 by the mercies of ,god1 that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice1 holy1 acceptable unto ,god1 which is your reasonable service4 ,,reading4--,the ,creation of the ,world1 ,gen4 #a4 ,,illustrations4--,provides3 ,manna1 ,exod4 #af3ad2 ,elijah1 ,i ,kings #ag3f1 #ad2 ,feeding the ,five ,thousand1 ,matt4 #ad3ae-ba4 ,protects3 ,the ,israelites1 ,exod4 #ad3ai seq42 ,daniel1 ,dan4 #f3bb2 ,paul1 ,acts #bb3ab-cc2 ,acts #bg3 #db-dd4 ,guards from evil3 ,joseph2 ,job4 ,thankfulness3 ,noah1 ,gen4 #h3bj2 ,the ,samaritan1 ,luke #ag3ae1af4 ,,chapter ,,xvii4 ,,the ,,second ,,article ,,of ,,god ,,the ,,son1 ,,or ,,redemption4 ,and in ,jesus ,christ ,his only ,son our ,lord2 who was conceived by the ,holy ,ghost1 born of the ,virgin ,mary2 suffered under ,pontius ,pilate1 was crucified1 dead and buried2 ,he descended into hell2 the third day ,he rose again from the dead3 ,he ascended into heaven1 and sitteth on the right hand of ,god the ,father ,almighty2 from thence ,he shall come to judge the quick and the dead4 ,what is meant by this ,article8 ,i believe that ,jesus ,christ1 true ,god1 begotten of the ,father from eternity1 and also true man1 born of the ,virgin ,mary1 is my ,lord2 who has redeemed me1 a lost and condemned creature1 secured and delivered me from all sins1 from death and from the power of the devil1 not with silver and gold1 but with ,his holy and precious blood1 and with ,his innocent sufferings and death1 in order that ,i might be ,his1 live under ,him in ,his kingdom1 and serve ,him in everlasting righteousness1 innocence1 and blessedness1 even as ,he is risen from the dead1 and lives and reigns to all eternity4 ,this is most certainly true4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,second ,article treats of ,jesus ,christ1 ,,the ,,son ,,of ,,god1 and his work of ,,redemption4 ,prompted by ,his infinite love1 ,god pitied our lost race1 and determined to save us by sending a ,redeemer in the person of ,his only ,son4 ,john #c3af1 ,i ,tim4 #a3ae ,throughout the centuries of ,old ,testament history ,he repeatedly gave the promise of redemption3 ,in ,eden1 ,gen4 #c3ae to the patriarchs1 ,gen4 #ab3c1 ,gen4 #bf3d to ,david1 ,,ii ,sam4 #g3ab-ac and through the prophets4 ,isa4 #i3b-g1 ,mic4 #e3b ,in the fulness of time ,god seat ,his ,son into the world4 ,gal4 #d3d ,article ,,ii4 and its ,explanation may be analyzed as follows3-- ,i4 ,,our ,,lord4 #a4 ,his ,names3 ,jesus1 ,christ4 #b4 ,his ,person and ,nature3 ,true ,god and ,true ,man4 #c4 ,his ,life3 ,his ,humiliation and ,his ,exaltation4 ,,ii4 ,,his ,,work ,,of ,,redemption4 #a4 ,whom ,he has redeemed4 #b4 ,from what ,he has redeemed me4 #c4 ,how ,he has redeemed me4 #d4 ,why ,he has redeemed me4 ,,our ,,lord4 ,i4 ,,his ,,names4 ,i ,,believe ,,that ,,jesus4 ,this was our ,lord's personal name1 given to ,him by the angel4 ,matt4 #a3ba ,it signified1 ,he shall save4 ,,christ4 ,this was ,his official name1 corresponding with the ,old ,testament name ,messiah1 ,john #a3da and signified ,the ,anointed ,one4 ,god anointed ,him with the ,holy ,spirit for the work of redemption1 ,luke #d3ah-ba to a threefold office3-- #a4 ,as ,prophet1 to teach us ,god's will4 ,acts #c3bb #b4 ,as ,priest1 to atone for our sins1 and to intercede for us4 ,heb4 #d3ad #c4 ,as ,king1 ,matt4 #ba3e1 ,rev4 #ag3ad to reign over us in the ,kingdom of ,power1 of ,grace1 and of ,glory4 ,,ii4 ,,his ,,person ,,and ,,nature4 ,he is ,,true ,,god1 ,,begotten ,,of ,,the ,,father ,,from ,,eternity4 ,christ is true ,god1 ,rom4 #i3e just as the ,father is ,god4 ,john #e3bc1 ,john #bj3bh1 ,john #h3eh1 ,mat4 #af3af ,he is the ,son of ,god1 not as a good or great man who has been received or adopted as ,god's son1 but ,he is in ,his very nature the ,son of ,god1 begotten by ,his ,father ,john #c3af from all eternity4 ,john #a3a1 ,john #ag3e ,he is ,god of ,god1 ,light of ,light1 ,very ,god of ,very ,god1 ,begotten1 not made1 being of one substance with the ,father4 ,john #aj3cj ,the ,scriptures show this by ascribing to ,him divine names1 attributes1 power1 honor1 and works4 ,at ,his baptism and at ,his transfiguration the ,father spoke from heaven1 and said1 ,this is my beloved ,son1 in whom ,i am well pleased4 ,matt4 #c3ag1 ,matt4 #ag3e ,his divine nature is proved by ,his teaching1 ,his miracles1 ,his holy life1 and especially by ,his resurrection from the dead4 ,,also ,,true ,,man1 ,,born ,,of ,,the ,,virgin ,,mary4 ,christ was in all respects a human being such as we are1 except that ,he was without sin4 ,i ,pet4 #b3bb ,he was conceived by the ,holy ,ghost1 and thus had ,god alone for ,his ,father4 ,luke #a3ce ,but ,he was born of the ,virgin ,mary1 ,luke #b3g with a human body ,heb4 #b3ad and soul4 ,matt4 #bf3ch ,he grew1 increased in wisdom and stature1 ,luke #b3eb and reached the age of manhood4 ,he suffered our human wants1 ,matt4 #d3b1 ,john #d3f-g such as hunger1 thirst1 weariness1 and pain4 ,he was moved by human emotions1 ,luke #aj3ba1 ,matt4 #bf3ch1 ,matt4 #ba3ab such as joy1 sorrow1 and indignation4 ,he wept1 ,john #aa3ce prayed1 ,matt4 #bf3ci suffered1 and died4 ,i ,pet4 #b3bc-bd ,he could not have done these things if ,he had not been true man4 ,christ is therefore both ,god and man in one ,person4 ,rom4 #a3c-d1 ,john #a3ad ,consequently ,he is the ,god-,man4 ,it was necessary that the ,redeemer should be both ,god and man4 ,i ,tim4 #a3ae ,if ,he had not been ,god1 but only man1 ,he could not have paid a sufficient ransom for our deliverance from sin1 nor have acquired any merit to bestow upon us4 ,even a sinless man could have saved no one but himself4 ,on the other hand1 if ,christ had not become man1 but remained ,god only1 ,he could not have put ,himself in our place under the law1 nor have suffered and died in our stead4 ,but as the ,god-man1 ,christ was able to accomplish1 and did perfectly accomplish1 our redemption4 ,rom4 #c3bd ,thus ,he became and ,,is ,,my ,,lord1 ,,who ,,has ,,redeemed ,,me1 and in whom ,i trust for salvation4 ,rom4 #h3ch-ci1 ,rom4 #e3a ,,questions4--#a4 ,of what does the ,second ,article treat8 #b4 ,how did ,god plan to save man8 #c4 ,analyze the ,second ,article and its ,explanation4 #d4 ,give the meaning of the names of our ,lord4 #e4 ,what was ,christ's threefold office8 #f4 ,what is to be said about the person and nature of ,christ8 #g4 ,in what sense is ,christ the ,son of ,god1 and how do we know it8 #h4 ,how do you know that ,christ was true man8 #i4 ,why was it necessary that the ,redeemer should be both ,god and man8 #aj4 ,what name do we give to ,christ in view of ,his two-fold nature8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,john #c3af4 ,for ,god so loved the world1 that he gave his only begotten ,son1 that whosoever believeth in him should not perish1 but have everlasting life4 ,i ,tim4 #a3ae4 ,this is a faithful saying1 and worthy of all acceptation1 that ,christ ,jesus came into the world to save sinners2 of whom ,i am chief4 ,rom4 #i3e4 ,christ came1 who is over all1 ,god blessed for ever4 ,john #e3bc4 ,that all men should honour the ,son1 even as they honour the ,father4 ,he that honoureth not the ,son honoureth not the ,father which hath sent him4 ,john #bj3bh4 ,and ,thomas answered and said unto him1 ,my ,lord and my ,god4 ,john #h3eh4 ,jesus said unto them1 ,verily1 verily1 ,i say unto you1 ,before ,abraham was1 ,i am4 ,john #aj3cj4 ,i and my ,father are one4 ,i ,pet4 #b3bb4 ,who did no sin1 neither was guile found in his mouth4 ,john #a3ad4 ,and the ,word was made flesh1 and dwelt among us1 7and we beheld his glory1 the glory as of the only begotten of the ,father17 full of grace and truth4 ,rom4 #c3bd4 ,being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in ,christ ,jesus4 ,rom4 #e3a4 ,therefore being justified by faith1 we have peace with ,god through our ,lord ,jesus ,christ4 ,,reading4--,the ,birth of ,jesus1 ,luke #b3a-bj2 or1 ,the ,eternal ,word1 ,john #a3a-ah4 ,,chapter ,,xviii4 ,,our ,,lord4 ,,iii4 ,,his ,,life4 ,the ,saviour's life includes two states2 namely1 ,his ,humiliation and ,his ,exaltation4 ,,his ,,humiliation4 ,christ's state of humiliation comprises ,his life on earth1 during which ,he laid aside the full use of ,his divine glory and was content to appear among men in the form of a servant4 ,he humbled ,himself1 and became obedient unto death1 even the death of the cross1 ,phil4 #b3h in order that ,he might redeem us4 ,he gave men glimpses of ,his divine glory3 in the authority with which ,he taught1 ,matt4 #g3bh-bi in the holy life which ,he led1 ,john #h3df and in the miracles which ,he performed4 ,john #b3aa ,but in general ,he appeared like other men4 ,this state of humiliation includes five stages3--,he was #a4 ,,conceived ,,by ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost1 ,,born ,,of ,,the ,,virgin ,,mary4 ,christ might have appeared among men in the full splendor of ,his divine glory and majesty4 ,but1 in order to redeem us1 ,he was content to be born in poverty1 ,luke #b3g1 ,,ii ,cor4 #h3i1 ,matt4 #h3bj to grow up in obscurity1 ,matt4 #b3bc and to appear to most men as if ,he were simply a man4 #b4 ,,suffered ,,under ,,pontius ,,pilate4 ,the whole life of ,jesus on earth was a life of suffering endured for our sakes4 ,he bore all the trials and hardships which have come upon our race as a result of its sinfulness4 ,he also suffered constant persecution at the hands of his enemies4 ,heb4 #ab3c2 ,john #a3aa ,but ,his greatest sufferings came at the end of ,his life1 in the agony of ,gethsemane1 ,matt4 #bf3cf-df in the mock-trial before the ,jewish ,council1 ,matt4 #bf3eg-ge and in ,his sufferings under ,pontius ,pilate1 the ,roman governor4 ,matt4 #bg3a-cj ,he was mocked1 spitefully entreated1 spitted on1 crowned with thorns1 and scourged2 and then ,he #c4 ,,was ,,crucified4 ,luke #bc3cc ,though innocent and holy1 ,he was treated as though ,he were a malefactor1 and was put to a cruel and shameful death4 ,he was nailed to a cross1 and left suspended there till ,he died4 ,so great was ,his agony1 that ,he cried out1 ,my ,god1 my ,god1 why hast ,thou forsaken me8 ,mark #ae3cd #d4 ,,dead4 ,after unspeakable sufferings1 ,jesus died on the cross4 ,mark #ae3cg ,he was really1 and not seemingly1 dead4 ,john #ai3cc-cd ,he voluntarily gave up ,his life for ours4 ,john #aj3ah-ai ,his death was vicarious4 ,he suffered the penalty for our sins4 ,i ,pet4 #c3ah1 ,isa4 #ec3e #e4 ,,buried4 ,his body was laid away in the grave1 where our bodies shall decay4 ,but since ,christ was the ,holy ,one of ,god1 ,his body could not see corruption4 ,ps4 #af3aj ,,his ,,exaltation4 ,after the work of redemption was completed1 ,christ assumed the full use of the glory and majesty which had belonged to ,him as the ,son of ,god from eternity2 ,his human nature was exalted to a full share in the glory of ,his divine nature4 ,phil4 #b3i-aa ,he had humbled ,himself as a man2 and ,he was exalted as a man4 ,his divine nature1 being unchangeable1 can neither be humbled nor exalted4 ,heb4 #ac3h ,christ's exaltation1 like ,his humiliation1 includes five stages3-- #a4 ,,he ,,descended ,,into ,,hell4 ,immediately before ,his resurrection ,he descended into the place of the departed spirits and proclaimed ,his victory4 ,i ,pet4 #c3ai #b4 ,,the ,,third ,,day ,,he ,,rose ,,again ,,from ,,the ,,dead4 ,having paid in full the penalty for our sins1 ,he rose again from the dead1 triumphant1 on the third day 7,easter74 ,he had power to lay down ,his life1 and power to take it again4 ,john #aj3ai ,as ,his death had been a real death1 so ,his resurrection was a real resurrection4 ,he re-appeared to ,his disciples1 not as a spirit1 but with the same body that was crucified1 the prints of the nails and of the spear being plain in ,his hands and side4 ,luke #bd3cf-dj ,but ,his body was a transformed and glorified body1 with new properties and powers4 ,john #bj3ai ,the ,resurrection a ,fact4 ,the reality of the resurrection is established beyond all doubt4 ,the strongest proof of its reality is found in the fact that the disciples themselves were so unwilling to believe it1 but were obliged to do so by the evidence of their own senses4 ,even the doubting ,thomas exclaimed1 ,my ,lord1 and my ,god4 ,john #bj3bh ,during the forty days between ,his resurrection and ,his ascension the ,lord gave ,his disciples so many proofs of ,his resurrection that all their doubts were removed4 ,acts #a3c ,the women on ,easter morn found the grave empty and were told by an angel that ,he had risen4 ,mark #af3f ,he was seen by ,mary in the ,garden1 ,john #bj3ad-af by ,peter1 ,luke #bd3cd by the two disciples at ,emmaus1 ,luke #bd3ae twice by the eleven as they were gathered together1 ,john #bj3ai-bi by seven disciples at the ,sea of ,tiberias1 ,john #ba3a by more than five hundred brethren at once1 ,i ,cor4 #ae3f by ,james1 ,i ,cor4 #ae3g and by the eleven when ,he accompanied them to ,mount ,olivet and ascended before their eyes to heaven4 ,acts #a3i-ab ,the wonderful change which took place in the apostles when the risen and ascended ,christ had sent the ,holy ,spirit upon them1 ,acts #b and the wonderful change which took place in ,paul1 ,acts #i3a-bi are further proofs of the reality of the resurrection of ,christ4 ,the ,resurrection proves #a4 ,that ,jesus is the ,son of ,god4 ,john #bj3bh1 ,rom4 #a3d1 ,acts #b3cf #b4 ,that the sacrifice which ,he made for sin was sufficient and accepted4 ,rom4 #h3cd1 ,i ,thess4 #a3aj #c4 ,that we also shall rise from the dead4 ,rom4 #d3be1 ,i ,cor4 #ae3ai-bj1 ,i ,cor4 #f3ad #c4 ,,he ,,ascended ,,into ,,heaven from ,mount ,olivet forty days after ,his resurrection4 ,acts #a3i ,having finished ,his work on earth1 ,he returned to the heaven from which ,he had come4 ,he has gone to prepare a place for us4 ,acts #ad3b #d4 ,,and ,,sitteth ,,on ,,the ,,right ,,hand ,,of ,,god ,,the ,,father ,,almighty2 that is1 on the right hand of ,god's power4 ,as the ,god-man ,he now wields all power in heaven and earth4 ,matt4 #bh3ah1 ,eph4 #a3bj-bb ,he rules over all creatures in the realm of ,power2 over the believers in the realm of ,grace 7the ,church on earth72 and over angels and saints in the realm of ,glory in heaven4 ,he continues ,his office of ,high-priest1 and intercedes for us with the ,father4 ,rom4 #h3cd1 ,heb4 #d3ad-af #e4 ,,from ,,thence ,,he ,,shall ,,come ,,to ,,judge ,,the ,,quick ,,and ,,the ,,dead4 ,at the end of the world ,christ will come again visibly1 ,mark #ac3bf suddenly1 and unexpectedly1 ,matt4 #bd3cf-db1 ,luke #ba3bg with power and great glory1 to judge both the quick 7living7 and the dead4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3aj1 ,matt4 #be3ca-df ,he will separate the believing from the unbelieving2 receive the believers unto ,himself2 and cast the impenitent and unbelieving into outer darkness and torment4 ,his coming will fill the believers with joy1 ,luke #ba3bh and the unbelievers with dismay4 ,rev4 #f3ae-ag ,no one knows or can compute the exact time of ,his coming4 ,we should be always ready4 ,matt4 #bd3db1 #dd ,his coming will be preceded by signs4 ,luke #ba3be-bf ,the present order of the world shall pass away2 ,,ii ,pet4 #e3aj and there shall be new heavens and a new earth1 wherein dwelleth righteousness4 ,,ii ,pet4 #c3ac ,,questions4--#a4 ,what two states does ,christ's life include8 #b4 ,what is meant by ,his state of humiliation8 #c4 ,how many stages were there in ,his humiliation8 #d4 ,name them4 #e4 ,was ,christ's glory entirely hidden during his state of humiliation8 #f4 ,how might ,christ have appeared1 and how did ,he appear among men8 #g4 ,describe the sufferings of ,christ8 #h4 ,what is to be said of ,christ's crucifixion8 #i4 ,what is to be said of ,christ's death8 #aj4 ,what is to be said of ,his burial8 #aa4 ,what is meant by ,christ's exaltation8 #ab4 ,how many stages were there in ,his exaltation8 #ac4 ,name them4 #ad4 ,what is meant by the descent into hell8 #ae4 ,how did ,christ re-appear to ,his disciples8 #af4 ,prove that the resurrection was a fact4 #ag4 ,what does the resurrection of ,christ prove8 #ah4 ,when and why did ,christ ascend into heaven8 #ai4 ,what is meant by ,his sitting at the right hand of the ,father8 #bj4 ,what can you tell about ,christ's second coming8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,phil4 #b3h4 ,and being found in fashion as a man1 he humbled himself1 and became obedient unto death1 even the death of the cross4 ,,ii ,cor4 #h3i4 ,for ye know the grace of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 that1 though he was rich1 yet for your sakes he became poor1 that ye through his poverty might be rich4 ,john #aj3ah1 #ai4 ,therefore doth my ,father love me1 because ,i lay down my life1 that ,i might take it again4 ,no man taketh it from me1 but ,i lay it down of myself4 ,isa4 #ec3e4 ,he was wounded for our transgressions1 he was bruised for our iniquities3 the chastisement of our peace was upon him2 and with his stripes we are healed4 ,phil4 #b3i-aa4 ,wherefore ,god also hath highly exalted him1 and given him a name which is above every name3 that at the name of ,jesus every knee should bow1 of things in heaven1 and things in earth1 and things under the earth2 and that every tongue should confess that ,jesus ,christ is ,lord1 to the glory of ,god the ,father4 ,heb4 #ac3h4 ,jesus ,christ1 the same yesterday1 and to-day1 and for ever4 ,rom4 #a3d4 ,declared to be the ,son of ,god with power1 according to the spirit of holiness1 by the resurrection from the dead4 ,rom4 #d3be4 ,who was delivered for our offences1 and was raised again for our justification4 ,i ,cor4 #ae3ai1 #bj4 ,if in this life only we have hope in ,christ1 we are of all men most miserable4 ,but now is ,christ risen from the dead1 and become the firstfruits of them that slept4 ,matt #bh3ah4 ,and ,jesus came and spake unto them1 saying1 ,all power is given unto me in heaven and in earth4 ,eph4 #a3bb4 ,and hath put all things under his feet4 ,rom4 #h3cd4 ,who is he that condemneth8 ,it is ,christ that died1 yea rather1 that is risen again1 who is even at the right hand of ,god1 who also maketh intercession for us4 ,mark #ac3bf4 ,and then shall they see the ,son of man coming in the clouds with great power and glory4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3aj4 ,for we must all appear before the judgment seat of ,christ2 that every one may receive the things done in his body1 according to that he hath done1 whether it be good or bad4 ,matt4 #bd3dd4 ,therefore be ye also ready3 for in such an hour as ye think not the ,son of man cometh4 ,,ii ,pet4 #c3ac4 ,nevertheless we1 according to his promise1 look for new heavens and a new earth1 wherein dwelleth righteousness4 ,,reading4--,the ,death and ,resurrection of ,christ1 ,luke #bc-bd3i2 and ,the ,ascension of ,christ1 ,acts #a3a-aa4 ,,chapter ,,xix4 ,,christ',s ,,work ,,of ,,redemption4 ,i4 ,,whom ,,he ,,has ,,redeemed4 ,he ,,has ,,redeemed ,,me4 ,christ died for all2 ,i ,pet4 #b3bd1 ,i ,john #b3b1 ,john #a3bi and consequently for me also4 ,gal4 #b3bj ,believing on ,him1 all the blessings of ,his redemption belong to me ,in time and in eternity4 ,he is my ,saviour1 my ,redeemer4 ,a ,,lost ,,and ,,condemned ,,creature4 ,i was lost1 ,isa4 #ec3f1 ,i ,pet4 #b3be because my sin had separated me from ,god1 and ,i could not have found my way back to ,him1 if ,christ had not sought and found me4 ,i was condemned1 ,eph4 #b3c because ,i had broken ,god's commandments and deserved eternal punishment4 ,,ii4 ,,from ,,what ,,he ,,has ,,redeemed ,,me4 ,he has ,,secured ,,and ,,delivered ,,me ,,from ,,all ,,sins2 namely1 from the guilt of sin by paying its penalty for me on the cross2 ,i ,john #a3g1 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ba and from the dominion of sin by giving me grace to fight against it and overcome it4 ,rom #f3ad1 ,rom4 #h3b-d ,,from ,,death3 not from bodily death1 for even the ,christian must die2 but from the fear of bodily death2 ,phil4 #a3bc1 ,i ,cor4 #ae3ee1 #eg from spiritual death2 ,eph4 #b3f and from everlasting death4 ,john #c3af ,,and ,,from ,,the ,,power ,,of ,,the ,,devil4 ,i ,john #c3h ,on account of my sins1 ,i was in ,satan's power4 ,but ,christ has freed me4 ,since ,he has paid the penalty for my sins1 ,satan no longer has any claim upon me1 and can no longer harm me4 ,john #aj3bg-bh ,he still tempts me to sin2 but ,christ gives me grace to resist4 ,he still accuses me before ,god on account of my sins2 but ,christ shields me against ,satan's accusations by the satisfaction which ,he1 my ,saviour1 has made for all my sins4 ,i ,john #b3a ,,iii4 ,,how ,,he ,,has ,,redeemed ,,me4 ,,not ,,with ,,silver ,,and ,,gold2 ,i ,pet4 #a3ah1 #ai for no material wealth could purchase freedom from spiritual slavery and death4 ,nor has ,he redeemed me merely by becoming my great teacher and example2 for this would not take away my guilt2 ,,but ,,with ,,his ,,holy ,,and ,,precious ,,blood4 ,i ,john #a3g ,his blood was the price which ,christ paid for my ransom4 ,it was holy1 because ,he was holy2 and precious1 because ,he was the ,son of ,god4 ,the shedding of ,christ's blood for my sins was the only way in which ,i could be redeemed2 for without the shedding of blood1 there is no remission of sins4 ,heb4 #i3bb ,,and ,,with ,,his ,,innocent ,,sufferings ,i ,pet4 #c3ah ,,and ,,death4 ,rom4 #e3g-h ,christ suffered and died1 not for any sins of ,his own1 but for my sins4 ,he was innocent and had no sin at all4 ,but ,he voluntarily bore the punishment which ,i deserved1 and thus satisfied all the demands of divine justice for me4 ,since ,he has borne the punishment for me1 ,i1 believing on ,him1 need no longer be punished4 ,christ was my ,substitute4 ,by ,his holy life ,he perfectly fulfilled ,god's law in my place2 ,rom #e3ai and by ,his innocent sufferings and death ,he bore the punishment for my sins in my place4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ba ,all that ,christ has done is imputed to me by faith2 ,rom4 #d3bd that is1 it is all counted as if ,i myself had done it4 ,rom4 #d3e ,his death1 therefore1 frees me from guilt and condemnation2 and ,his holy life makes me appear righteous ,in ,god's sight and fit to enter into heaven4 ,my entire hope of salvation rests on ,christ and what ,he has done for me4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ai ,,iv4 ,,why ,,he ,,has ,,redeemed ,,me4 ,,in ,,order ,,that ,i ,,might ,,be ,,his4 ,he desired me for ,his own1 and therefore purchased me with ,his precious blood4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ae ,hence ,i now belong to ,him1 and not to ,satan or to myself4 ,he wishes me to yield myself fully to ,him in heart and life4 ,gal4 #b3bj ,if ,i refuse to do so1 ,i am withholding what belongs to ,him4 ,,live ,,under ,,him ,,in ,,his ,,kingdom2 namely1 in ,his kingdom of ,grace on earth by a life of faith1 and in ,his kingdom of ,glory in heaven4 ,col4 #a3ab-ad ,,and ,,serve ,,him ,,in ,,everlasting ,,righteousness1 ,,innocence ,,and ,,blessedness4 ,i ,pet4 #b3i ,i am to serve ,him and do ,his will1 not as a slave by compulsion1 but willingly1 gladly1 and out of love4 ,mat4 #af3bd ,with my best efforts ,i only partially succeed in doing ,his will on earth1 for ,i am still imperfect4 ,rom4 #g3ba-bd ,but in the next world ,i shall be freed from all sin1 and be transformed and glorified in body and soul4 ,then ,i shall serve ,him in perfect holiness and happiness for ever4 ,rev4 #g3ae ,,even ,,as ,,he ,,is ,,risen ,,from ,,the ,,dead1 ,,and ,,lives ,,and ,,reigns ,,to ,,all ,,eternity4 ,as ,christ rose from the dead1 so ,i am to rise from the death of sin to newness of life in ,him4 ,rom4 #f3d ,as ,he lives and dies no more1 so ,i am to live in righteousness and no more become a servant of sin4 ,rom4 #f3i1aj ,as ,he reigns to all eternity1 so ,i am to live and reign with ,him for ever4 ,rev4 #c3ba ,,this ,,is ,,most ,,certainly ,,true3 #a4 ,that ,jesus ,christ1 true ,god and true ,man1 is my ,lord1 who has redeemed me4 #b4 ,that ,he has paid the penalty for my sins with ,his holy and precious blood and ,his innocent sufferings and death4 #c4 ,that consequently ,i belong to ,him1 and should serve ,him now and for ever4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what four things does the explanation of the second article tell us about ,christ's redemption8 #b4 ,whom has ,christ redeemed8 #c4 ,what was ,i before ,christ redeemed me1 and why8 #d4 ,from what has ,christ redeemed me8 #e4 ,what is meant by redemption from sin8 from death8 and from the devil8 #f4 ,how has ,christ redeemed me8 #g4 ,why was the shedding of ,christ's blood necessary8 #h4 ,why did ,christ suffer and die if ,he was innocent8 #i4 ,what is meant when we say that ,christ was our substitute8 #aj4 ,why has ,christ redeemed me8 #aa4 ,to whom do ,i now belong1 and what is my duty therefore8 #ab4 ,what is meant by living under ,christ in ,his kingdom8 #ac4 ,in what spirit am ,i to serve ,him8 #ad4 ,what hope has ,christ secured for me8 #ae4 ,what three things are most certainly true according to this second article8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,i ,pet4 #b3bd4 ,who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree1 that we1 being dead to sins1 should live unto righteousness3 by whose stripes ye were healed4 ,i ,john #b3b4 ,and he is the propitiation for our sins3 and not for ours only1 but also for the sins of the whole world4 ,john #a3bi4 ,behold the ,lamb of ,god1 which taketh away the sin of the world4 ,gal4 #b3bj4 ,i live by the faith of the ,son of ,god1 who loved me1 and gave himself for me4 ,isa4 #ec3f4 ,all we like sheep have gone astray4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ba4 ,for he hath made him to be sin for us1 who knew no sin2 that we might be made the righteousness of ,god in him4 ,i ,john #c3h4 ,for this purpose the ,son of ,god was manifested1 that he might destroy the works of the devil4 ,i ,pet4 #a3ah1 #ai4 ,forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things1 as silver and gold1 from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers2 but with the precious blood of ,christ1 as of a lamb without blemish and without spot4 ,i ,john #a3g4 ,the blood of ,jesus ,christ his ,son cleanseth us from all sin4 ,i ,pet4 #c3ah4 ,for ,christ also hath once suffered for sins1 the just for the unjust1 that he might bring us to ,god4 ,rom4 #e3g1 #h4 ,for scarcely for a righteous man will one die3 yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die4 ,but ,god commendeth his love toward us1 in that1 while we were yet sinners1 ,christ died for us4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ae4 ,he died for all1 that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves1 but unto him which died for them1 and rose again4 ,gal4 #b3bj4 ,i am crucified with ,christ3 nevertheless ,i live2 yet not ,i1 but ,christ liveth in me3 and the life which ,i now live in the flesh ,i live by the faith of the ,son of ,god1 who loved me1 and gave himself for me4 ,i ,pet4 #b3i4 ,but ye are a chosen generation1 a royal priesthood1 a holy nation1 a peculiar people2 that ye should shew forth the praises of him who hath called you out of darkness into his marvellous light4 ,matt4 #af3bd4 ,then said ,jesus unto his disciples1 ,if any man will come after me1 let him deny himself1 and take up his cross1 and follow me4 ,,reading4--,jesus our ,high ,priest1 ,heb4 #i3aa-ae4 ,,chapter ,,xx4 ,,the ,,third ,,article ,,of ,,god ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost1 ,,or ,,sanctification ,i believe in the ,holy ,ghost2 the ,holy ,christian ,church1 the ,communion of ,saints2 the ,forgiveness of sins2 the ,resurrection of the ,body2 and the ,life ,everlasting4 ,amen4 ,what is meant by this article8 ,i believe that ,i cannot by my own reason or strength believe in ,jesus ,christ my ,lord1 or come to ,him2 but the ,holy ,ghost has called me through the ,gospel1 enlightened me by ,his gifts1 and sanctified and preserved me in the true faith2 in like manner as ,he calls1 gathers1 enlightens1 and sanctifies the whole ,christian ,church on earth1 and preserves it in union with ,jesus ,christ in the true faith2 in which ,christian ,church ,he daily forgives abundantly all my sins1 and the sins of all believers1 and will raise up me and all the dead at the last ,day1 and will grant everlasting life to me and to all who believe in ,christ4 ,this is most certainly true4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,third ,,article treats of ,,god ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost and ,his work of ,,sanctification4 ,it tells us how we become partakers of the ,redemption which is described in the ,second ,article4 ,christ has accomplished our redemption1 and the ,holy ,ghost applies that redemption to our souls4 ,the work of the ,holy ,ghost in us is as necessary for our salvation as the ,cor4 #b3ad work of ,christ for us4 ,we must believe in ,christ1 if we would be saved2 ,mark #af3af and it is the ,holy ,ghost who causes us to believe4 #a ,cor4 #ab3c ,article4 ,,iii1 and its ,explanation may be analyzed as follows3-- ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost1 ,i4 ,his ,person and ,nature3 ,he is ,true ,god4 ,,ii4 ,his ,work3 ,he ,calls1 ,enlightens1 ,sanctifies1 and ,preserves me in the true ,faith4 ,,iii4 ,his ,workmanship3 ,the ,holy ,christian ,church4 ,,iv4 ,the ,fruits of ,his ,work3 #a4 ,the ,forgiveness of ,sins4 #b4 ,the ,resurrection of the ,body1 and the ,life ,everlasting4 ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost4 ,i4 ,,his ,,person ,,and ,,nature4 ,i ,,believe ,,in ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost4 ,the ,holy ,ghost is true ,god4 ,he is not simply a power or energy of ,god1 but a ,person4 ,acts #e3c-d ,he proceedeth from the ,father and the ,son1 and with the ,father and the ,son together is worshipped and glorified4 ,john #ad3bf1 ,john #ae3bf ,the ,scriptures ascribe to ,him divine names1 attributes1 power1 honor1 and works4 ,christ commanded ,his disciples to baptize men in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,matt4 #bh3ai ,the ,holy ,spirit instructed the prophets and teachers of ,old ,testament times1 ,,ii ,peter #a3ba and was poured out upon the apostles on the day of ,pentecost4 ,acts #b ,he inspired the ,holy ,scriptures4 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3af ,he comes into our hearts through the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments4 ,,ii4 ,,his ,,work4 ,the work of the ,holy ,ghost is ,sanctification4 ,this word is used here1 at the head of the ,third ,article1 in the wide sense1 and includes the ,holy ,spirit's entire work upon our souls2 namely1 ,calling1 ,enlightening1 ,sanctification in the narrower sense1 and ,preservation in the ,faith4 #a4 ,,its ,,necessity4 ,if the ,holy ,spirit does not work in us1 we cannot be saved4 ,hence1 we say in the catechism1 ,i ,,believe ,,that ,i ,,cannot ,,by ,,my ,,own ,,reason ,,or ,,strength ,,believe ,,in ,,jesus ,,christ ,,my ,,lord1 ,,or ,,come ,,to ,,him4 ,for as ,i am by nature1 my reason is so darkened by sin1 ,i ,cor4 #b3ad that ,i do not see my need of the ,saviour2 and ,i am so lacking in spiritual strength 7being dead in trespasses and sins71 ,eph4 #b3a that ,i am unable to believe in ,christ4 ,consequently it is necessary that the ,holy ,spirit should teach me to see in ,christ my only ,saviour1 and give me strength to believe in ,him4 #b4 ,,its ,,nature4 ,,but ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost ,,has ,,called ,,me ,,through ,,the ,,gospel4 ,,ii ,tim4 #a3i ,he has caused ,his ,word to be written ,,ii ,thess4 #b3ad1 ,,ii ,tim4 #c3af and causes it to be continually proclaimed ,john #bj3ca1 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3bj1 ,i ,cor4 #a3ba for the purpose of making ,god's grace known to me1 and inviting me to share in it4 ,he calls all men1 and means ,his call earnestly4 ,he does not merely seem to call some1 but actually calls all who hear or read ,his ,word4 ,i ,tim4 #b3d1 ,i ,pet4 #c3i ,and along with the call1 ,he gives us the strength which we need in order to believe4 ,eph4 #b3d-f ,those who obey the call are the ,elect or ,chosen ,matt4 #bj3af ones1 and obtain salvation4 ,those who refuse to obey the call are lost4 ,mark #af3af ,,enlightened ,,me ,,by ,,his ,,gifts4 ,the ,holy ,ghost shows me my lost condition and ,god's saving mercy1 and thus leads me to ,repentance through the ,law1 ,john #af3h1 ,rom4 #c3bj and to ,faith through the ,gospel4 ,john #ae3bf1 ,john #a3ag ,repentance includes #a4 ,an ,acknowledgment and ,confession of ,sin4 ,ps4 #ea3c1 #d #b4 ,sincere ,sorrow for ,sin4 ,luke #bb3fb ,it must be sorrow for the sin itself1 and not merely for the consequences of sin4 #c4 ,the ,hating and ,forsaking of ,sin4 ,ps4 #ea3aj #d4 ,an ,earnest ,desire for ,forgiveness4 ,ps4 #ea3b1 #i ,true repentance always leads to faith4 ,,ii ,cor4 #g3aj ,sorrow for sin which does not lead to faith1 is not repentance but remorse1 and often drives men to despair4 ,matt4 #bg3c-e ,faith includes #a4 ,a ,knowledge of the ,facts of the ,gospel4 ,rom4 #aj3ad #b4 ,a ,belief of the ,facts4 ,rom4 #d3bj1 #ba #c4 ,trust or ,confidence in ,christ our ,saviour4 ,,ii ,tim4 #a3ab ,this trust is the chief part of faith4 ,true faith is not a mere matter of the head1 but of the heart4 ,it is not a mere intellectual belief that ,god exists or that ,christ lived and died2 but it is a firm confidence that ,christ is actually our ,saviour1 and that all our sins are washed away by ,his precious blood4 ,faith says1 ,the ,son of ,god loved ,i ,john #a3g me1 and gave ,himself for me4 ,gal4 #b3bj ,true faith is always preceded by repentance4 ,the impenitent have no promise of forgiveness1 and therefore cannot have faith4 ,they cannot believe a promise which has not been given to them4 ,regeneration and ,conversion4 ,those whom the ,holy ,spirit has brought to repentance and faith are in a state of regeneration and conversion4 ,the change which has taken place in them is called a new birth or regeneration1 ,john #c3e1 #f because a new life has been planted in them4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ag ,it is called conversion1 ,acts #c3ai because they have been converted or turned from sin to righteousness1 from self to ,god4 ,it is not necessary that a ,christian should be able to point to the exact time of his conversion4 ,the important question is not1 ,when were we converted8 but1 ,are we now in a converted state8 that is1 ,are we now penitent and believing8 ,justification4 ,all those who have true faith are justified3 ,rom4 #e3a1 ,rom4 #d3e their sins are forgiven1 and the righteousness of ,christ is imputed 7counted as belonging7 to them4 ,phil4 #c3i ,when we believe in ,christ1 all that ,he has done and suffered for us is regarded by ,god as if we had done and suffered it ourselves2 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ba1 ,rom4 #h3a for ,christ was our substitute4 ,consequently1 those who believe in ,christ are justified for ,his sake2 that is1 they are pronounced by ,god to be righteous and fit to enter into heaven4 ,by ,faith ,alone4 ,we are justified and saved by faith alone1 without works4 ,rom4 #c3bh ,we shall enter heaven1 not because we deserve to enter1 ,gal4 #b3af but only because we believe in ,christ4 ,salvation is a ,gift3 acquired for us by ,christ's holy life and innocent death2 bestowed upon us freely by ,god's grace2 and accepted by faith4 ,eph4 #b3h1 #i ,our faith is not a merit on account of which we are forgiven1 but it is the hand with which we reach out and accept the free gift of forgiveness which ,god offers for ,christ's sake4 ,our own works have nothing to do with our justification4 ,rom4 #c3bj ,if ,god took them into consideration at all1 they would condemn us2 for at best we are imperfect and sinful creatures4 ,rom4 #g3ah-bc1 ,gal4 #c3aj ,in order to be saved1 we need a perfect righteousness1 ,christ's righteousness alone is perfect4 ,it becomes ours by faith4 ,,and ,,sanctified4 ,those who have true faith are sanctified by the ,holy ,spirit2 that is1 they are made holy in heart and life4 ,rom4 #h3e1 ,rom4 #f3bb ,while good works do not save us1 they do and must follow faith as its fruit4 ,matt4 #g3ah ,believers do good works out of love to ,god and gratitude for ,his mercy4 ,faith that does not result in a holy life is a dead faith1 ,jas4 #b3bf and cannot save4 ,the ,christian dare not live in sin4 ,rom4 #f3b ,he has become a new creature2 for he is born again3 and consequently he leads a new life4 ,we shall1 indeed1 never become sinless in this world1 but we must honestly and earnestly try to do ,god's will in all things4 ,phil4 #c3ab-ad1 ,matt4 #e3af ,we should grow more and more holy every day4 ,eph4 #d3bb-bd1 ,rom4 #ab3b1 ,i ,thess4 #d3a ,we cannot do this by our own power1 but we can by the help of ,god4 ,we should1 therefore1 be diligent and faithful in the use of the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments2 for these are the means which the ,holy ,ghost uses for our sanctification4#d ,footnote #d3 ,faith in ,christ does not at once make us perfectly holy and sinless1 as some persons maintain2 but it takes away the guilt of our sin4 ,we are completely justified and forgiven as soon as we believe2 but we are not completely sanctified4 ,sanctification is a gradual process1 which will be completed only when we are transformed and glorified in heaven4 ,,preserved ,,me ,,in ,,the ,,true ,,faith4 ,as it is the ,holy ,ghost who brings us to faith1 so it is ,he who preserves us in it4 ,phil4 #a3f ,the world1 the flesh1 and the devil are enemies who seek to destroy our faith and to rob us of our salvation4 ,we should constantly pray for strength to resist these enemies1 ,matt4 #bf3da1 ,rev4 #b3aj and should obey the promptings of the ,holy ,spirit4 ,we must avoid wilful1 intentional sin1 ,eph4 #d3cj and live a life of daily repentance4 ,if we sin wilfully1 we fall from grace and are lost1 unless we come to true and lasting repentance4 ,if we faithfully use the ,means of ,grace1 and earnestly strive to lead a ,christian life1 the ,holy ,spirit will preserve us in the faith to the end4 ,phil4 #b3ab1 #ac ,,questions4--#a4 ,of what does the ,third ,article treat8 #b4 ,what is to be said about the importance of the ,holy ,spirit's work8 #c4 ,analyze the ,third ,article and its ,explanation4 #d4 ,what is to be said about the person and nature of the ,holy ,ghost8 #e4 ,how does the ,holy ,ghost come into our hearts8 #f4 ,describe the ,work of the ,holy ,ghost4 #g4 ,why can we not be saved if the ,holy ,spirit does not work in us8 #h4 ,how has the ,holy ,spirit called me8 #i4 ,how has ,he enlightened me8 #aj4 ,how does the ,holy ,ghost bring me to repentance8 #aa4 ,what does repentance include8 #ab4 ,how does the ,holy ,ghost bring me to faith8 #ac4 ,what does faith include8 #ad4 ,what is true faith8 #ae4 ,what is meant by regeneration8 #af4 ,what is meant by conversion8 #ag4 ,must a ,christian know the exact time of his conversion8 #ah4 ,what is meant by justification8 #ai4 ,what is the relation of faith and works in salvation8 #bj4 ,what is meant by sanctification8 #ba4 ,what is the relation between faith and good works8 #bb4 ,how are we preserved in the faith8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,i ,cor4 #b3ad4 ,but the natural man receiveth not the things of the ,spirit of ,god3 for they are foolishness unto him3 neither can he know them1 because they are spiritually discerned4 ,john #bj3ca4 ,but these are written1 that ye might believe that ,jesus is the ,christ1 the ,son of ,god2 and that believing ye might have life through his name4 ,i ,tim4 #b3d4 ,who will have all men to be saved1 and to come unto the knowledge of the truth4 ,matt4 #bj3af4 ,so the last shall be first1 and the first last3 for many be called1 but few chosen4 ,,ii ,tim4 #a3ab4 ,for ,i know whom ,i have believed1 and am persuaded that ,he is able to keep that which ,i have committed unto him against that day4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ag4 ,therefore if any man be in ,christ1 he is a new creature3 old things are passed away2 behold1 all things are become new4 ,rom4 #e3a4 ,therefore being justified by faith1 we have peace with ,god through our ,lord ,jesus ,christ4 ,rom4 #h3a4 ,there is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in ,christ ,jesus4 ,rom4 #c3bh4 ,therefore we conclude that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law4 ,gal4 #b3af4 ,knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law1 but by the faith of ,jesus ,christ4 ,eph4 #b3h1 #i4 ,for by grace are ye saved through faith2 and that not of yourselves3 it is the gift of ,god3 not of works1 lest any man should boast4 ,rom4 #c3bj4 ,therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight3 for by the law is the knowledge of sin4 ,gal4 #c3aj4 ,for as many as are of the works of the law are under the curse3 for it is written1 ,cursed is every one that continueth not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them4 ,rom4 #h3e4 ,for they that are after the flesh do mind the things of the flesh2 but they that are after the ,spirit1 the things of the ,spirit4 ,jas4 #b3bf4 ,for as the body without the spirit is dead1 so faith without works is dead also4 ,rom4 #f3b4 ,god forbid4 ,how shall we1 that are dead to sin1 live any longer therein8 ,matt4 #e3af4 ,let your light so shine before men1 that they may see your good works1 and glorify your ,father which is in heaven4 ,phil4 #a3f4 ,being confident of this very thing1 that he which hath begun a good work in you will perform it until the day of ,jesus ,christ4 ,matt4 #bf3da4 ,watch and pray1 that ye enter not into temptation3 the spirit indeed is willing1 but the flesh is weak4 ,eph4 #d3cj4 ,and grieve not the ,holy ,spirit of ,god1 whereby ye are sealed unto the day of redemption4 ,phil4 #b3ab1 #ac4 ,work out your own salvation with fear and trembling2 for it is ,god which worketh in you both to will and to do of his good pleasure4 ,,reading4--,the ,outpouring of the ,holy ,ghost1 ,acts1 #b3a-da4 ,,illustrations4--,calling3 ,the ,great ,supper1 ,luke #ad3af-bd2 ,the ,marriage of the ,king's ,son1 ,matt4 #bb2 ,matthew1 ,matt4 #i3i2 ,peter and ,andrew1 ,matt4 #d3ai2 ,nathanael1 ,john #a3de4 ,repentance3 ,david1 ,ps4 #ea2 ,peter1 ,luke #bb3fb2 ,zaccheus1 ,luke #ai2 ,the ,prodigal ,son1 ,luke #ae3aa-bd2 ,the ,publican1 ,luke #ah3ac4 ,impenitence3 ,cain1 ,gen4 #d3ac2 ,judas1 ,matt4 #bg3d1 #e2 ,the ,pharisee1 ,luke #ah3aj-ab1 ,faith3 ,the ,centurion1 ,matt4 #h3e-ac2 ,the ,woman of ,cana1 ,matt4 #ae3bb-bh2 ,peter1 ,john #f3fh1 #fi4 ,doubt3 ,thomas1 ,john #bj3bb-bh4 ,conversion3 ,the ,twelve ,disciples2 ,the ,three ,thousand1 ,acts #b2 ,the ,thief on the ,cross1 ,luke #bc3ci-dc2 ,the ,philippian ,jailor1 ,acts #af3be-cd4 ,faithfulness3 ,paul1 ,,ii ,cor4 #aa3bc-cc2 ,,ii ,tim4 #d3g4 ,apostasy3 ,ananias1 ,acts #d3e2 ,demas1 ,,ii ,tim4 #d3aj4 ,,chapter ,,xxi4 ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost4 ,,iii4 ,,his ,,workmanship4 ,the ,holy ,christian ,church1 the ,communion of ,saints4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,what ,,the ,,church ,,is4 ,the ,church is ,the ,communion of ,saints or fellowship of believers4 ,it consists of all those persons who truly believe in ,christ4 ,matt4 #af3af1 #ah ,we call it the ,workmanship of the ,holy ,ghost1 because ,he brings men to faith and thus produces the ,church4 ,,he ,,calls1 ,,gathers1 ,,enlightens ,,and ,,sanctifies ,,the ,,whole ,,christian ,,church ,,on ,,earth1 ,,and ,,preserves ,,it ,,in ,,union ,,with ,,jesus ,,christ ,,in ,,the ,,true ,,faith4 ,eph4 #c3be-bg ,the ,church may also be called the ,holy ,spirit's ,workshop1 because ,he abides and works in it through the ,means of ,grace1--the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments4 ,,when ,,founded4 ,the ,holy ,christian ,church was founded on the day of ,pentecost1 when the ,holy ,ghost was poured out upon the disciples4 ,acts #b3a-da ,on that day the ,gospel of the crucified and risen ,saviour was first preached by the apostles1 the first converts were made1 and the first ,christian baptisms were administered4 ,,visible ,,or ,,invisible4 ,the ,church is invisible1 because we cannot read men's hearts nor tell who are real believers4 ,but if we regard the ,church as an external organization which includes all who profess to believe1 it is visible4 ,in this outward visible ,church there are many persons who are not real believers4 ,but ,christ knows ,his own4 ,,ii ,tim #b3ai1 ,john #aj3ad ,the angels on the day of judgment will separate the hypocrites from the true ,christians4 ,matt4 #ac3da1 #db ,,the ,,marks ,,of ,,the ,,church4 ,the ,church is found wherever the ,gospel is rightly taught and the ,sacraments are rightly administered4 ,for wherever ,god's ,word is preached1 some persons believe it1 ,isa4 #ee3aj1 #aa and where believers are1 there is the ,church4 ,,the ,,church ,,is ,,one4 ,it consists of the true believers out of all the different churches1 denominations1 and sects4 ,there is one ,flock1 with one ,shepherd4 ,john #aj3af ,the ,church is the ,body of which ,christ is the ,head4 ,col4 #a3ah1 ,eph #a3bb1 #bc ,,its ,,names4 ,the ,church is called ,holy1 because the ,holy ,spirit works in it and through it1 and because its members1 though not perfect1 lead holy lives4 ,it is called ,christian1 because it consists of those who believe in ,christ4 ,it is called ,catholic or ,universal1 because it is meant to include all men everywhere4 ,catholic does not mean ,roman ,catholic4 ,,militant ,,and ,,triumphant4 ,the ,church1 consisting of true believers1 is one and the same ,church on earth and in heaven4 ,on earth it is the ,church ,militant1 because its members are still fighting the good fight of faith4 ,i ,tim4 #f3ab ,in heaven it is the ,church ,triumphant1 because its members have won the victory of faith4 ,rev4 #g3i-ad1 ,rev4 #b3ah1 ,rev4 #c3ba ,the only way into the ,church ,triumphant is through the ,church ,militant4 ,,the ,,church',s ,,work4 ,the ,church is the agency or instrument which the ,holy ,spirit uses for the evangelization of the world4 ,matt4 #bh3ai1 ,mark #af3ae ,it is the institution through which ,he does ,his work of applying redemption to the souls of men4 ,the ,church1 therefore1 has a work to do3 namely1 to make disciples of all men4 ,,the ,,means through which the ,church1 as an agency of the ,holy ,spirit1 is to do its work are the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments4 ,they are sufficient for the purpose for which they are intended1 because the ,holy ,spirit works through them and endows them with supernatural power4 ,rom4 #a3af1 ,heb4 #d3ab ,,the ,,workmen who are to preach the ,word and administer the ,sacraments are the ministers4 ,they must be properly called and ordained by the ,church4 ,act #ad3bc1 ,tit4 #a3e ,in the ,new ,testament all pastors are called elders or bishops4 ,it was only at a later period that the office of a bishop was made superior to that of elder1 pastor or minister4 ,the office of an apostle was a separate and higher office4 ,the apostles were the witnesses of ,christ's redemption1 and possessed miraculous powers4 ,they have no successors4 ,ministers are the ambassadors of ,christ1 beseeching men to be reconciled to ,god4 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3bj ,christ speaks through them4 ,he who hears them1 hears ,christ2 he who despises them1 despises ,christ4 ,luke #aj3af ,if a minister should happen to be a hypocrite1 his official acts1 such as baptisms and the like1 would still be valid4 ,,ii ,tim4 #b3ac ,deacons ,acts #f3a-f are officers whose duty it is to assist the pastor1 and to look after the temporal interests of the congregation4 ,deaconesses ,rom4#af3a are consecrated to the work of love and mercy1 and minister to the sick1 the needy1 the neglected1 the ignorant1 the fallen1 and the friendless4 ,,the ,,various ,,churches4 ,while the ,church1 in the strict sense of the word1 is the communion of saints and therefore one1 yet outwardly it has become divided1 in the course of time1 into many different churches1 denominations1 and sects4 ,it contains ,four ,great ,branches3 ,the ,greek ,catholic ,church2 ,the ,roman ,catholic ,church2 ,the ,evangelical ,lutheran ,church2 and ,the ,reformed ,churches1 comprising a great number of denominations and sects4 ,the ,lutheran ,church and the ,reformed ,churches are called ,protestant4 7,for the names and relations of various branches of the ,church1 see the accompanying ,diagram1 on page #ajf47 ,,the ,,evangelical ,,lutheran ,,church4 ,the ,evangelical ,lutheran ,church is in reality the old original ,church which came into existence on the day of ,pentecost4 ,luther simply threw out the errors which had crept into the ,church during the course of the centuries1 and held fast the doctrines taught in ,god's ,word4 ,as a separate and distinct ,church1 the ,lutheran ,church dates from the year #aecj1 when the ,augsburg ,confession was read before the emperor and diet of the ,german ,empire4#e ,her doctrines are laid down in her six ,confessions1 contained in the ,book of ,concord4 ,footnote #e3 ,since a particular ,church is no older than her distinctive confession1 the ,lutheran ,church is more than thirty years older than the ,roman ,catholic ,church2 for the ,augsburg ,confession was adopted in #aecj1 while the ,canons and ,decrees of the ,council of ,trent1 which are the ,confession of the ,roman ,catholic ,church1 were not completed until #aefc4 ,the ecumenical creeds are accepted by both ,churches1 and therefore prove nothing as regards their relative age4 ,,the ,,church ,,of ,,the ,,pure ,,gospel4 ,the ,lutheran ,church receives the ,holy ,scriptures of the ,old and ,new ,testaments as the only rule and standard of religious teaching4 ,the ,roman ,catholic ,church accepts the tradition of the ,church as of equal authority with the ,holy ,scriptures4 ,the ,lutheran ,church teaches the great central doctrine of the ,gospel1 that we are saved by faith alone without works4 ,the ,roman ,catholic ,church teaches that we are justified by faith and works4 ,the ,lutheran ,church abides by the teachings of ,scripture even when she cannot understand them4 ,the other ,protestant ,churches explain away and reject some teachings of ,scripture because they cannot understand them4 ,,her ,,name4 ,the name ,lutheran was first given to our ,church by her enemies4 ,but she accepted it1 because she believes the doctrines which ,luther taught4 ,the name which she chose for herself is ,evangelical 7true to the ,gospel74 ,she is now known by both names taken together1 ,evangelical ,lutheran4 ,,where ,,found4 ,the ,lutheran ,church is found in nearly all parts of the world1 especially in ,germany1 ,scandinavia1 and the ,united ,states4 ,in #aije she numbered over #gc million baptized members1 or practically as many as all the other ,protestant ,churches taken together4 ,in the ,united ,states she has almost two million confirmed members 7statistics for #aijf71 and ranks third in size among the ,protestant ,churches of the country4 ,,in ,,america4 ,the ,lutheran ,church in ,north ,america comprises the following general bodies3 ,the ,general ,synod1 organized in #ahba2 the ,general ,council1 organized in #ahfg2 the ,synodical ,conference1 organized in #ahgb2 the ,united ,synod ,south1 organized in #ahhf4 ,to these general bodies there belong various synods4 ,there are also a number of ,independent ,synods which are not connected with any general body4 ,synods are often subdivided into ,conferences4 ,,her ,,work4 ,the ,lutheran ,church1 like the ,church in general1 is to make disciples 7,christians7 of men4 ,she is all the more bound to do her work1 because she is the ,church of the ,pure ,gospel4 ,her work is done in local congregations1 in ,home ,missions1 ,foreign ,missions1 ,inner ,missions1 and in maintaining the necessary institutions of learning 7colleges1 seminaries1 etc47 and of mercy 7orphanages1 asylums1 hospitals74 ,,duties ,,of ,,her ,,members4 ,it is the duty of her members to lead a ,christian life1 to be loyal to their own ,church1 and to co-operate heartily in all her local and general work1 for the glory of ,god and the salvation of immortal souls4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is the ,christian ,church8 #b4 ,why do we call it the ,workmanship of the ,holy ,ghost8 #c4 ,when was it founded8 #d4 ,is the ,church visible or invisible8 #e4 ,what are the marks of the ,church8 #f4 ,why is the ,christian ,church one8 #g4 ,why is the ,church called ,holy1 ,christian1 ,catholic8 #h4 ,what is meant by the ,church ,militant and the ,church ,triumphant8 #i4 ,what use does the ,holy ,spirit make of the ,church8 #aj4 ,what are the means which the ,church uses for its work8 #aa4 ,who are the ,church's workmen1 and what is their work8 #ab4 ,name the four great branches of the ,christian ,church8 #ac4 ,how old is the ,lutheran ,church8 #ad4 ,what three fundamental principles characterize the ,lutheran ,church8 #ae4 ,explain how the ,lutheran ,church got its name4 #af4 ,where is the ,lutheran ,church found8 #ag4 ,how large is it8 #ah4 ,name the ,general ,bodies of the ,lutheran ,church in ,north ,america4 #ai4 ,describe the work of the ,lutheran ,church8 #bj4 ,what are the duties of her members8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,matt4 #af3ah4 ,upon this rock ,i will build my church2 and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it4 ,,ii ,tim4 #b3ai4 ,nevertheless the foundation of ,god standeth sure1 having this seal1 ,the ,lord knoweth them that are his4 ,and1 ,let every one that nameth the name of ,christ depart from iniquity4 ,john #aj3ad4 ,i am the good shepherd1 and know my sheep1 and am known of mine4 ,eph4 #a3bb1 #bc4 ,and hath put all things under his feet1 and gave him to be the head over all things to the church1 which is his body1 the fulness of him that filleth all in all4 ,i ,tim4 #f3ab4 ,fight the good fight of faith1 lay hold on eternal life1 whereunto thou art also called1 and hast professed a good profession before many witnesses4 ,rom4 #a3af4 ,for ,i am not ashamed of the gospel of ,christ3 for it is the power of ,god unto salvation to every one that believeth4 ,heb4 #d3ab4 ,for the word of ,god is quick1 and powerful1 and sharper than any two-edged sword1 piercing even to the dividing asunder of sold and spirit1 and of the joints and marrow1 and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart4 ,,ii ,cor1 #e3bj4 ,now then we are ambassadors for ,christ1 as though ,god did beseech you by us3 we pray you in ,christ's stead1 be ye reconciled to ,god4 ,,reading4--,the ,church at ,jerusalem1 ,acts #b3da-dg4 ,,chapter ,,xxii4 ,,the ,,holy ,,ghost4 ,,iv4 ,,the ,,fruits ,,of ,,his ,,work4 ,the ,forgiveness of ,sins2 the ,resurrection of the ,body2 and the ,life ,everlasting4 ,the fruits of the ,holy ,spirit's work in us are3 #a4 ,the ,forgiveness of ,sins4 #b4 ,the ,resurrection of the ,body and the ,life ,everlasting4 #a4 ,,the ,,forgiveness ,,of ,,sins has been acquired for me by my ,saviour ,jesus ,christ2 ,i ,john #a3g but it is made mine by the ,holy ,ghost1 who has brought me to faith and preserved me in it4 ,for it is through faith that ,i obtain forgiveness4 ,rom #e3a ,,in ,,which ,,christian ,,church4 ,the forgiveness of sins is made mine in the ,church through the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments4 ,faith takes hold of and clings to the promises therein given4 ,special assurance of forgiveness is also given in ,confession and ,absolution4 ,,he ,,daily ,,forgives ,,abundantly ,,all ,,my ,,sins4 ,even if ,i am a sincere ,christian1 ,i am an imperfect and sinful creature1 and ,i need ,god's forgiveness every day4 ,i ,john #a3h1 #i1 ,rom4 #g3ah-be ,by keeping me in a state of repentance and faith1 the ,holy ,spirit secures to me the continuous forgiveness of all my sins4 ,the ,christian's life is a daily repentance and a daily believing that ,god for ,christ's sake graciously pardons all our transgressions and shortcomings4 ,luke #aa3c1 #d1 ,rom #h3cb ,,and ,,the ,,sins ,,of ,,all ,,believers4 ,all who lead a life of daily repentance and faith are daily and abundantly forgiven4 #b4 ,,the ,,resurrection ,,of ,,the ,,body ,,and ,,the ,,life ,,everlasting4 ,the work of the ,holy ,spirit in me will not be completed until the last day4 ,,he ,,will ,,raise ,,up ,,me ,,and ,,all ,,the ,,dead ,,at ,,the ,,last ,,day4 ,the bodies of all men shall be raised from the dead and re-united with the souls from which they were parted at death4 ,john #e3bh1 #bi1 ,acts #bd3ae ,these bodies will be essentially the same which we had on earth1 but they will be immortal and incorruptible4 ,i ,cor4 #ae3db ,the bodies of the believers will be endowed with new and glorious properties1 like the body of ,christ after ,his resurrection4 ,i ,cor4 #ae3db-dd1 ,phil4 #c3ba ,they will be fit tabernacles for the glorified souls to inhabit through all eternity4 ,they will be spiritual bodies1 freed from all the imperfections and limitations to which they were subject on earth4 ,the bodies of those believers who are still alive at ,christ's second coming shall undergo the same change in a moment1 in the twinkling of an eye1 at the last trump4 ,i ,cor4 #ae3ea-ec ,,and ,,will ,,grant ,,everlasting ,,life ,,to ,,me ,,to ,,all ,,who ,,believe ,,in ,,christ4 ,john #c3af ,the believers shall then enter upon the full and perfect enjoyment of eternal salvation4 ,matt4 #be3cd ,here we have the forgiveness of sins1 but there we shall have life everlasting4 ,the believers shall obtain an eternal inheritance in heaven1 ,i ,pet4 #a3d and enter upon the enjoyment of a bliss so exalted that we cannot form any adequate conception of it here on earth4 ,there will be differences of glory proportioned to the strength of faith and the zeal in labor manifested on earth4 ,i ,cor #ae3da1 #db1 ,luke #ai3ag-ai ,but all shall be perfectly happy4 ,they shall be free from sin and from every evil1 ,rev4 #ba3d and dwell in the light of ,god's presence forever4 ,i ,thess4 #d3ag1 ,john #ag3bd1 ,rev4 #g3ae ,eternal ,death4 ,the impenitent and unbelieving shall be cast into eternal torment1 ,matt4 #be3da and shall suffer indescribable pain and misery for ever4 ,rev4 #ad3aa ,the greater their wickedness and neglected opportunities on earth1 the deeper will be their remorse and anguish4 ,luke #ab3dg1 #dh1 ,matt4 #be3da ,having refused to let the ,holy ,spirit make them fit for entrance into heaven1 ,rev4 #ba3bg1 ,matt4 #g3bc they shall be cast out into the only place for which they are fit1 into hell4 ,luke #af3bc1 #bd ,,questions4--#a4 ,what are the fruits of the ,holy ,spirit's work in us8 #b4 ,how does the forgiveness of sins become yours8 #c4 ,where is the forgiveness of sins made yours8 #d4 ,how do we obtain daily forgiveness8 #e4 ,when will the ,holy ,spirit's work in you be completed8 #f4 ,describe the resurrection of the dead4 #g4 ,what is to be said about everlasting life8 #h4 ,why will the impenitent and unbelieving be cast into hell8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,i ,john #a3g4 ,the blood of ,jesus ,christ his ,son cleanseth us from all sin4 ,rom4 #h3cb4 ,he that spared not his own ,son1 but delivered him up for us all1 how shall he not with him also freely give us all things8 ,john #e3bh1 #bi4 ,marvel not at this3 for the hour is coming1 in the which all that are in the graves shall hear his voice1 and shall come forth2 they that have done good1 unto the resurrection of life2 and they that have done evil1 unto the resurrection of damnation4 ,acts #bd3ae4 ,there shall be a resurrection of the dead1 both of the just and unjust4 ,phil4 #c3ba4 ,who shall change our vile body1 that it may be fashioned like unto his glorious body1 according to the working whereby he is able even to subdue all things unto himself4 ,i ,pet4 #a3d4 ,to an inheritance incorruptible1 and undefiled1 and that fadeth not away1 reserved in heaven for you4 ,rev4 #ba3d4 ,and ,god shall wipe away all tears from their eyes2 and there shall be no more death1 neither sorrow1 nor crying1 neither shall there be any more pain3 for the former things are passed away4 ,,reading4--,christ ,judging the ,world1 ,matt4 #be3ca-df4 ,,part ,,iii4 ,,the ,,lord',s ,,prayer4 ,,chapter ,,xxiii4 ,,prayer4 ,prayer is the conversation of the believing heart with ,god4 ,ps4 #ai3ad ,it is as necessary for the life of the soul1 as breathing is for that of the body4 ,as children of ,god we must live in communion with ,him2 and we cannot be ,christians without prayer4 ,for this reason ,god has given us ,his name to use in prayer1 and the ,saviour has taught us how to pray in the ,lord's ,prayer4 ,to ,,whom ,,we ,,should ,,pray4 ,our prayers should be addressed to ,god alone1 ,matt4 #d3aj4 and not to the ,virgin ,mary1 the saints1 the angels1 or any other creatures4 ,,why ,,we ,,should ,,pray4 ,we should pray1 #a4 ,because we constantly need ,god's mercy in temporal and spiritual things4 #b4 ,because we owe ,god our thanks for his many benefits4 ,ps4 #ajc1 ,jas4 #a3ag #c4 ,because ,god has commanded us to pray4 ,matt4 #f3i1 ,matt4 #bf3da #d4 ,because ,god has promised to hear us4 ,matt4 #g3g1 #h1 ,ps4 #ej3ae ,,when ,,we ,,should ,,pray4 #a4 ,always2 ,luke #ba3cf that is1 our soul should live in constant communion with ,god1 and always be open toward ,him4 #b4 ,whenever we feel special need of prayer3 in danger1 ,matt4 #h3be distress1 anxiety1 ,matt4 #h3be sickness1 ,jas4 #e3ad1 #ae bereavement1 sorrow1 ,ps4 #be3af1 #ag temptation1 ,matt4 #bf3da or when we are burdened with the sense of our guilt4 ,luke #ah3ac4 #c4 ,at fixed times3 ,dan4 #f3aj every morning and evening1 at meal-times2 in family worship2 ,josh4 #bd3ae in church4 ,matt4 #ah3bj ,,for ,,whom ,,we ,,should ,,pray4 #a4 ,for ourselves4 #b4 ,for our fellow-,christians4 ,eph4 #f3ah #c4 ,for all men3 ,i ,tim4 #b3a for friends and foes1 ,matt4 #e3dd the poor and the rich1 the afflicted and the tempted4 #d4 ,for the ,church4 #e4 ,for the ,state4 ,,our ,,prayers ,,should ,,contain3 #a4 ,adoration1 #b4 ,thanksgiving4 #c4 ,confession1 #d4 ,petition4 #e4 ,intercession4 ,,the ,,manner4 ,our prayers should be the sincere utterance of our hearts2 otherwise they will be a mere mockery4 ,matt4 #f3e ,they may be in our own words or those of another4 ,it will often be profitable to use the prayers found in good prayer-books or in the ,liturgy1 and to draw largely from the ,psalms1 which are a treasury of good and beautiful prayers4 ,we should not lengthen our prayers by vain repetitions1 nor repeat the ,lord's ,prayer or any other prayer a certain number of times as if that were a merit4 ,matt4 #f3g ,nor should we shorten our prayers through laziness1 indifference1 and the like4 ,the ,lord's ,prayer should generally be added to our own prayers as a summary of those things for which we should pray4 ,,the ,,posture which we assume should indicate reverence to ,god4 ,we should kneel or stand with folded hands4 ,if we are unable to assume either of these postures1 we may pray in any position4 ,we stand in church on ,sunday1 because it is the day of the ,lord's resurrection and a day of joy4 ,we should not sit still in church while others stand1 unless we are too weak or ill to stand4 ,kneeling is an attitude of humiliation1 particularly appropriate for the confession of sins4 ,,in ,,christ',s ,,name4 ,we should always pray in ,christ's name1 and never omit ,his name to please men or avoid offence2 for our prayers are only heard for ,christ's sake4 ,we have the promise that whatever we ask in ,his name will be given to us4 ,john #af3bc ,to pray in ,christ's name means to pray1 #a4 ,as one who trusts in ,christ and asks to be heard for ,his sake4 ,eph4 #b3ah1 ,rom4 #e3b #b4 ,as one who prays in ,christ's spirit1 submitting all things to ,god's will1 and saying with ,christ1 ,not my will1 but ,thine1 be done4 ,matt4 #bf3bi1 ,matt #f3aj ,,in ,,faith4 ,we should pray in faith1 believing that ,god will answer our prayer for ,jesus' sake4 ,jas4 #e3af ,if we do not pray in faith1 we shall not be heard4 ,jas4 #a3f1 #g ,,the ,,answer ,,to ,,prayer4 ,god always answers the prayer of the believer4 ,those who ask and receive not1 have either asked amiss1 ,jas4 #d3c or have not asked in faith4 ,if we ask anything according to ,his will1 ,he heareth us4 ,john #e3ad ,he answers our prayer1 #a4 ,by granting us what we ask1 though perhaps after a long delay1 by which ,he tries our faith and patience4 #b4 ,he grants us good things instead of the hurtful things for which we ignorantly ask4 #c4 ,he gives us strength to bear the burden which we pray to have removed1 ,,ii ,cor4 #ab3i and thus confers a greater blessing than the removal of the burden would be4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what is prayer8 #b4 ,to whom alone should we pray8 #c4 ,why should we pray8 #d4 ,when should we pray8 #e4 ,for whom should we pray8 #f4 ,what should our prayers contain8 #g4 ,what is to be said about the manner of our praying8 #h4 ,what is to be said about the posture in prayer8 #i4 ,why must we pray in ,christ's name8 #aj4 ,what is meant by praying in ,christ's name8 #aa4 ,what is to be said about the importance of praying in faith8 #ab4 ,does ,god always answer prayer8 #ac4 ,in what ways does ,he answer8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,ps4 #ai3ad4 ,let the words of my mouth1 and the meditation of my heart1 be acceptable in thy sight1 ,o ,lord1 my strength1 and my redeemer4 ,matt4 #g3g1 #h4 ,ask1 and it shall be given you2 seek1 and ye shall find2 knock1 and it shall be opened unto you4 ,for everyone that asketh receiveth1 and he that seeketh findeth2 and to him that knocketh it shall be opened4 ,luke #ba3cf4 ,watch ye1 therefore1 and pray always1 that ye may be accounted worthy to escape all these things that shall come to pass1 and to stand before the ,son of man4 ,josh4 #bd3ae4 ,as for me and my house1 we will serve the ,,lord4 ,matt4 #ah3bj4 ,for where two or three are gathered together in my name1 there am ,i in the midst of them4 ,eph4 #f3ah4 ,praying always with all prayer and supplication in the ,spirit1 and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all saints4 ,i ,tim4 #b3a1 #b4 ,i exhort1 therefore1 that1 first of all1 supplications1 prayers1 intercessions1 and giving of thanks be made for all men2 for kings1 and for all that are in authority2 that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and honesty4 ,matt4 #e3dd4 ,pray for them which despitefully use you1 and persecute you4 ,eph4 #b3ah4 ,for through him we both have access by one ,spirit unto the ,father4 ,jas4 #e3af4 ,the effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much4 ,i ,john #e3ad4 ,and this is the confidence that we have in him1 that1 if we ask anything according to his will1 he heareth us4 ,,ii ,cor4 #ab3i4 ,and he said unto me1 ,my grace is sufficient for thee3 for my strength is made perfect in weakness4 ,,reading4--,the ,pharisee and the ,publican in the ,temple1 ,luke #ah3aj-ad4 ,,illustrations4--,prayer for ,self3 ,the ,lepers1 ,luke #ag3ab1 #ac2 ,the ,blind ,beggar1 ,luke #ah3ce-dc2 ,the ,publican1 ,luke #ah3ac2 ,for ,others3 ,jesus1 ,john #ag1 ,luke #bc3cb2 ,abraham1 ,gen4 #ah3bc-cc2 ,moses1 ,exod4 #cb3aa2 ,stephen1 ,acts #g3fj4 ,answer to ,prayer3 ,israel in ,bondage1 ,exod4 #b3bc1 #bd2 ,hannah1 ,i ,sam4 #a3i-bj2 ,elijah1 ,i ,kings #ag3ba1 #bb2 ,jas4 #e3ag2 ,the ,early ,church1 ,acts #ab3e-ag2 ,paul1 ,acts #af3be2 ,,ii ,cor4 #ab3g-i4 ,,chapter ,,xxiv4 ,,the ,,lord',s ,,prayer4 ,the ,lord's ,prayer is so-called because it was given to us by the ,lord ,jesus ,christ4 ,matt4 #f3i-ac1 ,luke #aa3a-d ,it teaches us how to pray aright1 and is the model after which we should fashion all our prayers4 ,it shows us the manner in which we should come to ,god1 and the things for which we should ask4 ,,its ,,contents4 ,the ,lord's ,prayer contains an ,introduction1 ,seven ,petitions1 and a ,conclusion4 ,the first three petitions regard ,god's glory1 and deal with ,his ,name1 ,his ,kingdom1 and ,his ,will2 the last four regard our bodily and spiritual needs1 and deal with our ,daily ,bread1 ,forgiveness1 ,temptation1 and ,deliverance from ,evil4 ,six petitions1 the first three and the last three1 refer to spiritual gifts2 and only one1 the fourth1 refers to earthly gifts4 ,thus we are taught that1 when we pray1 we should think first of ,god's glory2 and that we should pray more for spiritual than for temporal benefits4 ,,introduction4 ,our ,father ,who art in ,heaven4 ,what is meant by this ,introduction8 ,god would thereby affectionately encourage us to believe that ,he is truly our ,father1 and that we are ,his children indeed1 so that we may call upon ,him with all cheerfulness and confidence1 even as beloved children entreat their affectionate parent4 99 99 99 99 99 ,this ,introduction shows us the manner in which we should come to ,god in prayer2 namely1 as ,his children1 who are asking their ,father for what they need1 and who are sure that ,he loves them and will answer their prayer4 ,,our ,,father4#f ,god is our ,father and we are ,his children through ,christ our ,saviour4 ,gal #c3bf1 #a ,john #c3a1 #b1 ,rom4 #h3af ,we should therefore be sure that ,he will receive us kindly for ,jesus' sake whenever we come before him with our prayers4 ,we should ,,call ,,upon ,,him ,,with ,,all ,,cheerfulness ,,and ,,confidence1 ,,even ,,as ,,beloved ,,children ,,entreat ,,their ,,affectionate ,,parent4 ,matt4 #g3aa1 ,rom4 #h3ae1 ,heb4 #d3af ,footnote #f3 ,observe how the name ,father1 by which we are here taught to address ,god1 corresponds with the duty to fear1 love1 and trust in ,him above all things as enjoined by the ,first ,commandment4 ,we are taught to say our and not my ,father1 because the ,lord's ,prayer was given to believers to use in their common worship as well as in their private devotions2 and because we should pray not only for ourselves but for our fellow-believers and for all men4 ,,who ,,art ,,in ,,heaven4 ,an earthly father is not always able to do what his children ask1 even if he desires to do so4 ,but the ,father to whom we here pray is our ,heavenly ,father1 and is abundantly able to answer all our prayers1 ,eph4 #c3bj ,he not only loves us with an everlasting love1 but is almighty1 omniscient1 and all-wise4 ,he is able to do all things which ,he wills to do1 and will answer all our prayers in the very way that is best for us4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,why is the ,lord's ,prayer so called8 #b4 ,what does it teach us8 #c4 ,what does it contain8 #d4 ,what can you say about the seven petitions8 #e4 ,what does the introduction show8 #f4 ,why do we say ,our ,father8 #g4 ,how should this encourage us to call upon ,him8 #h4 ,why do we say ,our ,father8 #i4 ,what is to be said about our heavenly ,father in comparison with earthly fathers8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,gal4 #c3bf4 ,for ye are all the children of ,god by faith in ,christ ,jesus4 ,matt4 #g3aa4 ,if ye then1 being evil1 know how to give good gifts unto your children1 how much more shall your ,father which is in heaven give good things to them that ask him8 ,rom4 #h3ae4 ,for ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear2 but ye have received the ,spirit of adoption1 whereby we cry1 ,abba1 ,father4 ,eph4 #c3bj4 ,now unto him that is able to do exceeding abundantly above all that we ask or think1 according to the power that worketh in us1 unto him be glory in the church by ,christ ,jesus throughout all ages1 world without end4 ,amen4 ,,reading4--,christ teaches ,his ,disciples to pray1 ,luke #aa3a-d4 ,,chapter ,,xxv4 ,,the ,,first ,,petition4 ,hallowed be ,thy name4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,the name of ,god is indeed holy in itself2 but we pray in this petition that it may be hallowed also by us4 ,how is this effected8 ,when the ,word of ,god is taught in its truth and purity1 and we1 as the children of ,god1 lead holy lives in accordance with it2 to this may our blessed ,father in heaven help us4 ,but whoever teaches and lives otherwise than as ,god's ,word prescribes1 profanes the name of ,god among us2 from this preserve us1 heavenly ,father4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in this ,petition we pray for grace to hallow ,god's name#g by the pure teaching of ,his ,word and by childlike obedience to it4 ,footnote #g3 ,there is a parallel between this ,petition and the ,second ,commandment4 ,we here pray for grace to avoid what the ,second ,commandment forbids1 and to do what it commands4 ,,the ,,name ,,of ,,god means not only the names by which we address ,him1 but all by which ,he is known to us4 ,compare the ,second ,commandment4 ,,is ,,indeed ,,holy ,,in ,,itself4 ,ps4 #ii3c ,god's name is holy1 because ,he is holy4 ,we cannot increase or diminish ,god's holiness by anything that we do4 ,this petition does not imply1 therefore1 that we are to make ,god's name holy4 ,,but ,,we ,,pray ,,in ,,this ,,petition ,,that ,,it ,,may ,,be ,,hallowed ,,also ,,by ,,us4 ,we hallow ,god's name when we regard and treat it as holy2 in other words1 when we honor and glorify ,god by worshiping and serving ,him in accordance with the revelation which ,he has given of ,himself in ,his ,word4 ,john #ag3f1 ,ps4 #ajj3b1 #c ,i4 ,,how ,,god',s ,,name ,,is ,,hallowed4 #a4 ,,when ,,the ,,word ,,of ,,god ,,is ,,taught ,,in ,,its ,,truth ,,and ,,purity4 ,god has revealed ,himself to us in ,his ,word1 and it is only from that ,word that we can learn to know ,him and worship ,him aright4 ,john #a3ah ,those1 therefore1 who in the ,church1 the school1 or the home1 teach ,god's ,word1 as well as those who gladly hear1 read1 and learn it1 hallow ,his name4 ,john #ag3ag ,but the ,word must be taught in its truth and purity2 that is1 it must be taught as it is recorded in the ,scriptures1 with nothing added1 taken away1 or changed4 ,gal4 #a3i1 ,rev #bb3ah1 #ai ,,and ,,we ,,as ,,the ,,children ,,of ,,god ,,lead ,,holy ,,lives ,,in ,,accordance ,,with ,,it4 ,in order to hallow ,god's name1 we must not only hear but obey ,his ,word4 ,jas4 #a3bb1 ,matt4 #e3af ,as ,god's children we should think1 speak1 and act according to the rule which ,he has laid down in ,his ,word1 and thus glorify ,his name4 ,,to ,,this ,,may ,,our ,,blessed ,,father ,,in ,,heaven ,,help ,,us4 ,we cannot preserve ,god's ,word in its truth and purity against its foes1 nor believe and obey it by our own strength3 hence we pray for ,god's help4 ,,ii4 ,,how ,,god',s ,,name ,,is ,,profaned4 ,,but ,,whoever ,,teaches ,,and ,,lives ,,otherwise ,,than ,,as ,,god',s ,,word ,,prescribes1 ,,profanes ,,the ,,of ,,god ,,among ,,us4 ,rom4 #b3ba-bd1 ,tit4 #a3af ,false teachers1 who deny ,god's ,word1 or change it1 or add to it1 or subtract from it1 profane the name of ,god1 because they hide the glory of ,god from those who believe their teachings4 ,those who live otherwise than as ,god's ,word prescribes1 and are hypocrites or impenitent and unbelieving persons1 profane ,god's name1 because they refuse to glorify ,him by obedience to ,his ,word4 ,,from ,,this ,,preserve ,,us1 ,,heavenly ,,father4 ,we pray thus1 because we are by nature inclined to error and sin1 and have need of ,god's grace to preserve us from profaning ,his name4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what do we pray for in this first petition8 #b4 ,what does the name of ,god mean8 #c4 ,why is ,god's name holy in itself8 #d4 ,what does it mean to hallow ,god's name8 #e4 ,how is ,god's name hallowed8 #f4 ,why do we pray for ,god's help8 #g4 ,how is ,god's name profaned8 #h4 ,why do we pray ,god to preserve us from profaning ,his name8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,john #ag3f4 ,i have manifested thy name unto the men which thou gavest me out of the world4 ,john #a3ah4 ,no man hath seen ,god at any time2 the only begotten ,son1 which is in the bosom of the ,father1 he hath declared him4 ,john #ag3ag4 ,sanctify them through thy truth3 thy word is truth4 ,jas4 #a3bb4 ,but be ye doers of the word1 and not hearers only1 deceiving your own selves4 ,,reading4--,the ,name of ,jesus1 ,acts #d3a-ba4 ,,chapter ,,xxvi4 ,,the ,,second ,,petition4 ,thy kingdom come4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,the kingdom of ,god comes indeed of itself without our prayer2 but we pray in this petition that it may come unto us also4 ,when is this effected8 ,when our heavenly ,father gives us ,his ,holy ,spirit1 so that by ,his grace we believe ,his holy ,word1 and live a godly life here on earth and in heaven forever4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in this ,petition we pray that the ,kingdom of ,god may come to us#h and to all men2 that is1 that we all by true faith and a godly life may become members of the ,church on earth and in heaven4 ,footnote #h3 ,since the ,kingdom of ,god comes to us through the ,gospel1 there is a close relation between this ,petition and the ,third ,commandment1 which commands us to deem ,god's ,word holy and willingly hear and learn it4 ,,the ,,kingdom ,,of ,,god is the ,kingdom which ,christ has founded1 and to which all who believe in ,him belong4 ,it is the ,kingdom of ,grace in this world and the ,kingdom of ,glory in the next4 ,mark #a3ae1 ,matt4 #be3cd ,,comes ,,indeed ,,of ,,itself ,,without ,,our ,,prayer4 ,christ has established ,his kingdom and will continue to extend it1 whether we pray for it or not4 ,isa4 #i3g ,,but ,,we ,,pray ,,in ,,this ,,petition ,,that ,,it ,,may ,,come ,,to ,,us ,,also2 that is1 into our hearts4 ,in other words1 we pray that we may become true ,christians2 ,matt4 #g3ba and if we are ,christians1 we pray that we may become better ,christians4 ,missions4 ,this petition is also a prayer for missions4 ,matt4 #i3cg1 #ch1 ,mark #af3ae ,we here pray that ,god's kingdom may come to all men4 ,if our prayer is sincere1 then we must be willing also to give liberally1 so that the ,gospel may be preached to the heathen 7,foreign ,missions7 and to the spiritually destitute in our own land 7,home ,missions and ,inner ,missions74 ,,how ,,god',s ,,kingdom ,,comes ,,to ,,us4 ,,when ,,our ,,heavenly ,,father ,,gives ,,us ,,his ,,holy ,,spirit4 ,since only believers belong to ,god's kingdom1 and we cannot by our own reason or strength believe in ,jesus ,christ our ,lord1 we pray in this petition that ,god would give ,his ,holy ,spirit to us1 ,,so ,,that ,,by ,,his ,,grace ,,we ,,believe ,,his ,,word1 ,i ,cor4 #ab3c ,,and ,,live ,a ,,godly ,,life ,tit4 #b3aa-ac ,,here ,,on ,,earth ,,and ,,in ,,heaven ,,forever4 ,the ,holy ,spirit must teach us to repent of sin and to believe in ,christ1 and preserve us in a life of daily repentance and faith4 ,then ,god's kingdom will come to as more and more in this world1 and in the next world we shall belong to it for ever4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what do we pray in this petition8 #b4 ,what is meant by the kingdom of ,god8 #c4 ,how does ,god's kingdom come without our prayer8 #d4 ,what do we mean when we pray that it may come to us8 #e4 ,what is to be said about this petition and missions8 #f4 ,how does ,god's kingdom come to us8 #g4 ,why do we need the ,holy ,spirit8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,matt4 #i3cg1 #ch4 ,then saith he onto his disciples1 ,the harvest truly is plenteous1 but the labourers are few2 ,pray ye therefore the ,lord of the harvest1 that he will send forth labourers into his harvest4 ,mark #af3ae4 ,and he said unto them1 ,go ye into all the world1 and preach the gospel to every creature4 ,tit4 #b3aa-ac4 ,for the grace of ,god that bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men1 teaching us that1 denying ungodliness and worldly lusts1 we should live soberly1 righteously1 and godly1 in this present world1 looking for that blessed hope1 and the glorious appearing of the great ,god and our ,saviour ,jesus ,christ4 ,,reading4--,the ,harvest and the ,laborers1 ,matt4 #i3ce-ch4 ,,chapter ,,xxvii4 ,,the ,,third ,,petition4 ,thy will be done on earth as it is in heaven4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,the good and gracious will of ,god is done1 indeed1 without our prayer1 but we pray in this petition that it may be done by us also4 ,when is this effected8 ,when ,god frustrates and brings to nought every evil counsel and purpose which would hinder us from hallowing the name of ,god and prevent ,his kingdom from coming to us1--such as the will of the devil1 of the world1 and of our own flesh2 and when he strengthens us and keeps us steadfast in ,his ,word and in the faith even unto our end4 ,this is ,his gracious and good will4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in this ,petition we pray for grace gladly to believe1 do1 and suffer all that ,god wills us to believe1 do1 and suffer1 so that ,his name may be hallowed1 and ,his kingdom may come4 ,,thy ,,will4 ,god's will is1 #a4 ,that we should believe the ,gospel and be saved4 ,i ,tim #b3d #b4 ,that we should obey ,his commandments and be holy4 ,i ,thess4 #d3c #c4 ,that we should willingly submit to all ,his dealings with us1 and suffer patiently when ,he lays a cross on us4 ,rom4 #h3ag ,,be ,,done ,,on ,,earth ,,as ,,it ,,is ,,in ,,heaven4 ,we pray that ,god's will may be done by all men and especially by us1 as heartily1 as continually1 and as completely as it is done by the holy angels4 ,ps4 #ajc3bj1 #ba ,,the ,,good ,,and ,,gracious ,,will ,,of ,,god4 ,the will of ,god is always good and gracious1 because ,he always wills those things which ,he1 in ,his wisdom and love1 ,i ,john #d3af sees are best4 ,he does all things well1 even when we do not understand ,his ways4 ,isa4 #ee3h1 #i1 ,rom4 #h3bh ,,is ,,done ,,indeed ,,without ,,our ,,prayer4 ,there will always be some persons who permit ,god to accomplish ,his good and gracious purposes in them1 whether we pray for it or not4 ,isa4 #ee3aa ,,but ,,we ,,pray ,,in ,,this ,,petition ,,that ,,it ,,may ,,be ,,done ,,by ,,us ,,also2 ,rom4 #ab3ab that is1 that we may believe ,his ,gospel1 obey ,his ,commandments1 and trustfully permit ,him to lead us in whatsoever paths ,he will4 ,,what ,,we ,,pray ,,god ,,to ,,do4 ,in order that ,god's good and gracious will may be done by us1 all opposing wills must be overcome4 ,luke #bb3ca ,we therefore pray ,god #a4 ,,to ,,frustrate ,,and ,,bring ,,to ,,nought ,,the ,,will ,,of ,,the ,,devil1 ,,ii ,cor4 #b3aa ,,of ,,the ,,world ,i ,john #b3ae1 #af 7wicked persons71 ,,and ,,of ,,our ,,own ,,flesh ,gal4 #e3ag 7our natural heart74 ,for these are the great enemies of our souls1 who by their ,,evil ,,counsels ,,and ,,purposes ,,would ,,hinder ,,us ,,from ,,hallowing ,,the ,,name ,,of ,,god ,,and ,,prevent ,,his ,,kingdom ,,from ,,coming ,,to ,,us4 ,they tempt us to oppose ,god's will by despising ,his ,gospel1 disobeying ,his ,commandments1 and murmuring against ,his dealings with us4 ,we pray ,god #b4 ,,to ,,strengthen ,,us1 ,phil4 #b3ac so that we may be able to overcome these enemies and do ,god's will in spite of them4 ,eph4 #f3aa1 #ab ,they are very powerful1 but if we are in earnest about overcoming them1 ,god will give us the needful strength in answer to our prayer4 ,we pray ,god #c4 ,,to ,,keep ,,us ,,steadfast ,,in ,,his ,,word ,,in ,,the ,,faith ,,even ,,our ,,end1 ,phil4 #a3f1 ,i ,pet4 #d3ai so that we may believe the ,gospel with all our heart1 live holy ,christian lives1 trust ,god to lead us as ,he sees best1 and be faithful unto death1 that we may receive the crown of life4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what do we pray for in this petition8 #b4 ,what do we mean by ,god's will in this petition8 #c4 ,how do we pray that ,god's will may be done8 #d4 ,why is the will of ,god good and gracious8 #e4 ,how is ,god's will done without our prayer8 #f4 ,when do we do ,god's will8 #g4 ,what three things do we pray ,god to do8 #h4 ,what three wills oppose the will of ,god8 #i4 ,what do the devil1 the world1 and our own flesh seek8 #aj4 ,why do we pray ,god to strengthen us8 #aa4 ,when do we remain steadfast in ,god's ,word and in the faith8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,i ,tim4 #b3d4 ,who will have all men to be saved1 and to come unto the knowledge of the truth4 ,i ,thess4 #d3c4 ,for this is the will of ,god1 even your sanctification4 ,rom4 #h3ag4 ,and if children1 then heirs2 heirs of ,god1 and joint heirs with ,christ3 if so be that we suffer with him1 that we may be also glorified together4 ,gal4 #e3ag4 ,for the flesh lusteth against the ,spirit1 and the ,spirit against the flesh3 and these are contrary the one to the other2 so that ye cannot do the things that ye would4 ,eph4 #f3aa1 #ab4 ,put on the whole armour of ,god1 that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil4 ,for we wrestle not against flesh and blood1 but against principalities1 against powers1 against the rulers of the darkness of this world1 against spiritual wickedness in high places4 ,,reading4--,jesus in ,gethsemane1 ,matt4 #bf3cf-dd4 ,,chapter ,,xxviii4 ,,the ,,fourth ,,petition4 ,give us this day our daily bread4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,god gives1 indeed1 without our prayer1 even to the wicked also1 their daily bread2 but we pray in this petition that ,he would make us sensible of ,his benefits1 and enable us to receive our daily bread with thanksgiving4 ,what is implied in the words our daily bread8 ,all things that pertain to the wants and the support of this present life2 such as food1 raiment1 money1 goods1 house and land1 and other property2 a believing spouse and good children2 trustworthy servants and faithful magistrates2 favorable seasons1 peace and health2 education and honor2 true friends1 good neighbors1 and the like4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in this ,petition we acknowledge that every good gift comes from ,god2 ,jas4 #a3ag and we pray that ,he would give us1 day by day1 those things which we need for our earthly support and comfort1 and would make us content and thankful4 ,,the ,,petition ,,itself4 ,while we are to pray first and chiefly for spiritual blessings1 the ,saviour here teaches us that we may and should pray for temporal benefits also4 ,,give4 ,by praying ,god to give us our daily bread1 we acknowledge that it comes from ,him4#i ,he is the absolute owner of all things1 ,i ,cor4 #aj3bf and divides to all men as ,he will4 ,all that we have is ,his gift4 ,he gives it as a blessing upon our labor2 hence1 we must work as well as pray4 ,,ii ,thess4 #c3aj ,but without ,his blessing1 our labor would be in vain4 ,ps4 #abg3a ,the farmer sows1 but ,god gives the increase4 ,footnote #i3 ,compare this ,petition with the ,first ,article of the ,creed and its ,explanation4 ,,us4 ,we are taught to pray not only for ourselves1 but for others also4 ,we should be concerned that they too may have their daily bread2 and1 when necessary1 we should give them a portion of what ,god has first given to us1 and thus become the means through which ,he supplies their wants4 ,heb4 #ac3af ,,this ,,day4 ,we are not to pray for much goods for many years1 but only for this one day's needful supply4 ,when the morrow comes1 if we are still alive1 we are to pray again4 ,matt4#f3cd ,we are to depend upon ,god from day to day4 ,we are1 indeed1 to make a proper provision for our future1 but we are not to give way to anxious1 unbelieving care about it4 ,,our4 ,we ask for bread which we may call our own1 bread honestly gotten1 bread which ,god intends we shall have as a reward of our labor2 not some one's else bread1 and not such things as ,god1 in ,his wisdom1 sees fit to withhold from us4 ,,daily ,,bread4 ,according to ,luther's explanation in the ,catechism1 our daily bread includes ,,all ,,things ,,which ,,pertain ,,to ,,the ,,wants ,,and ,,the ,,support ,,of ,,this ,,present ,,life2 such as3-- ,,food1 ,,raiment1 to supply our bodily wants2 ,,money1 ,,goods1 ,,house ,,and ,,land1 ,,and ,,other ,,property1 by means of which we may procure the supply of our bodily wants2 ,a ,,believing ,,spouse ,,and ,,good ,,children1 that we may have a good ,christian home2 ,,trustworthy ,,servants ,,and ,,faithful ,,magistrates1 that we may have the help and protection which we need for the enjoyment of our own2 ,,favorable ,,seasons1 ,,peace ,,and ,,health1 ,,education ,,and ,,honor1 ,,true ,,friends1 ,,good ,,neighbors1 ,,and ,,the ,,like1--all those things which increase our earthly well-being and happiness4 ,while we pray in this petition that ,god would give us all the things enumerated above1 if ,he sees fit1 we should remember that ,he is still giving us our daily bread when ,he gives us only those things which we actually must have for the support of our life4 #a ,tim4 #f3h ,,why ,,we ,,pray ,,thus4 ,,god ,,gives ,,indeed1 ,,without ,,our ,,prayer1 ,,even ,,to ,,the ,,wicked ,matt4 #e3de ,,also ,,their ,,daily ,,bread2 for ,god is good1 and seeks to lead men to repentance by ,his goodness4 ,rom4 #b3d ,,but ,,we ,,pray ,,in ,,this ,,petition ,,that ,,he ,,would ,,make ,,us ,,sensible ,,of ,,his ,,benefits1 so that we may acknowledge them as ,his gifts1 ,deut4 #h3aj and not ascribe them to our own efforts or to chance1 as the worldly and unbelieving do4 ,,and ,,enable ,,us ,,to ,,receive ,,our ,,daily ,,bread ,,with ,,thanksgiving4 ,eph4 #e3bj ,since all the blessings we enjoy are ,god's gifts1 bestowed without any worthiness on our part1 ,gen4 #cb3aj we pray that we may always receive them with thankful hearts1 and express our gratitude with our lips and in our lives4 ,we should give thanks at every meal1 and in all our prayers4 ,contentment4 ,true thankfulness implies contentment with those gifts which ,god sees fit to bestow upon us4 ,heb4 #ac3e1 #a ,tim4 #f3f-h ,we must not murmur because ,he does not include in our daily bread some things which we desire to have2 nor dare we permit the withholding of those things to prevent us from being truly thankful for the many benefits which ,god does bestow upon us4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what do we acknowledge and for what do we pray in this petition8 #b4 ,why do we pray ,god to give8 #c4 ,why do we pray1 give us8 #d4 ,why do we pray this day8 #e4 ,why do we say our daily bread8 #f4 ,what does daily bread include8 #g4 ,how much must ,god give us in order to answer this prayer for daily bread8 #h4 ,why does ,god give1 even to the wicked8 #i4 ,what should we bear in mind with respect to all our blessings8 #aj4 ,how should we receive our daily bread8 #aa4 ,how should we express our gratitude8 #ab4 ,what is to be said about contentment8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,matt4 #f3cd4 ,take therefore no thought for the morrow3 for the morrow shall take thought for the things of itself4 ,sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof4 ,eph4 #e3bj4 ,giving thanks always for all things unto ,god and the ,father in the name of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ4 ,heb4 #ac3e4 ,let your conversation be without covetousness3 and be content with such things as ye have3 for he hath said1 ,i will never leave thee1 nor forsake thee4 #a ,tim4 #f3f-h4 ,but godliness with contentment is great gain4 ,for we brought nothing into this world1 and it is certain we can carry nothing out4 ,and having food and raiment1 let us be therewith content4 ,,reading4--,the ,feeding of the ,five ,thousand1 ,john #f3a-ac4 ,,chapter ,,xxix4 ,,the ,,fifth ,,petition4 ,and forgive us our trespasses as we forgive those who trespass against us4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,we pray in this petition that our heavenly ,father would not regard our sins1 nor deny us our requests on account of them2 for we are not worthy of anything for which we pray1 and have not merited it2 but that ,he would grant us all things through grace1 although we daily commit much sin and deserve chastisement alone4 ,we will1 therefore1 on our part both heartily forgive and also readily do good to those who may injure or offend us4 ,in this ,petition we acknowledge our sinfulness1 pray for forgiveness1 and promise to forgive our fellow-men4 ,the word ,and connects this petition very closely with the preceding one4 ,the daily forgiveness of our sins is as necessary for our souls as our daily bread is for our bodies4 ,,and ,,forgive ,,us ,,our ,,trespasses4 ,these words are at once a ,confession of ,sin1 and a ,prayer for ,pardon4 #a4 ,a ,confession4 ,the praying of this petition presupposes a penitent state of heart4 ,if we are not truly penitent1 this petition is a mockery on our lips4 ,we have need to confess our guilt1 because ,,we ,,daily ,,commit ,,much ,,sin4 ,i ,john #d3h ,if we are true ,christians1 we do not sin wilfully and intentionally4 ,but with our best efforts1 we still sin much through weakness1 ,rom4 #g3ai not only by commission1 but still more by omission4 ,not a day passes by1 in which we do not transgress ,god's law by thoughts and words and deeds4 ,we often do the wrong and omit doing the right without even knowing that we have done so4 ,ps4 #ai3ab ,,and ,,deserve ,,chastisement 7,punishment7 ,,alone4 ,our sins make us guilty and deserving of punishment1 even though they be sins of weakness4 ,we must not excuse or extenuate them4 ,god never excuses any one4 ,but if we penitently confess our sins1 ,he will forgive us for ,jesus' sake4 ,ps4 #cb3e1 ,i ,john #a3i #b4 ,a ,prayer for ,pardon4 ,as in the fourth petition we daily pray ,give1 so in this fifth petition we daily pray ,forgive4 ,since ,jesus has taught us to pray thus1 and we pray as ,god's children1 this petition presupposes that we pray in faith4 ,we pray as those who believe that ,god will be gracious and merciful to us for ,jesus' sake4 ,,we ,,pray ,,in ,,this ,,petition ,,that ,,our ,,heavenly ,,father ,,would ,,not ,,regard ,,our ,,sins1 ,ps4 #be3g1 ,ps4 #ea3i but would look upon the righteousness which ,jesus has acquired for us with ,his holy and precious blood and ,his innocent sufferings and death4 #a ,john #a3g ,,nor ,,deny ,,us ,,our ,,requests ,,on ,,account ,,of ,,them4 ,if ,god should regard our sins1 ,he would send only punishment upon us1 ,ps4 #acj3c1 ,ps4#adc3b and not give us any of those benefits for which we ask in our prayer4 ,,for ,,we ,,are ,,not ,,worthy ,,of ,,anything ,,for ,,which ,,we ,,pray1 ,,have ,,not ,,merited ,,it4 ,nothing which we have done or are able to do can make amends for our sins1 or earn any blessing from ,god4 ,dan4 #i3ah1 ,luke #ae3ah-ai ,we therefore pray ,,that ,,he ,,would ,,grant ,,us ,,all ,,things ,,through ,,grace alone for ,jesus' sake1 ,,as ,,we ,,forgive ,,those ,,who ,,trespass ,,against ,,us4 #c4 ,a ,promise to ,forgive our ,fellow-men4 ,god's mercy to us must move as to be merciful to others4 ,eph4 #c3cb ,if it does not1 ,god will withdraw ,his mercy from us1 ,matt4 #f3ad1 #ae as the master withdrew his from the unmerciful servant in the parable4 ,matt4 #ah3cb-ce ,forgiving others is not a merit which entitles us to receive ,god's forgiveness4 ,it follows as a result of ,god's mercy to us4 ,because ,god so mercifully forgives us for ,jesus' sake1 we promise that ,,we ,,will1 ,,therefore1 ,,on ,,our ,,part1 ,,both ,,heartily ,,forgive ,,and ,,also ,,readily ,,do ,,good ,,to ,,those ,,who ,,may ,,injure ,,or ,,offend ,,us4 ,no matter how greatly others may have sinned against us1 we have sinned much more against ,god4 ,if ,he is willing to forgive us our great debt1 we should be willing to forgive our fellow-men their lesser debt4 ,if we refuse to forgive others1 ,god will lay our own sins to our charge1 and punish us4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what three things do we do in this petition8 #b4 ,what is to be said about the close connection between this petition and the preceding one8 #c4 ,what does this petition presuppose8 #d4 ,why do we need to confess our guilt to ,god8 #e4 ,is sin ever excusable8 #f4 ,why does this petition presuppose faith8 #g4 ,what do we pray ,god to do with our sins8 #h4 ,if ,god regarded our sins1 how would ,he treat our requests8 #i4 ,why do we promise to forgive others8 #aj4 ,why must we be willing to forgive them8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,ps4 #cb3e4 ,i acknowledged my sin unto thee1 and mine iniquity have ,i not hid4 ,i said1 ,i will confess my transgressions unto the ,,lord2 and thou forgavest the iniquity of my sin4 ,ps4 #acj3c4 ,if thou1 ,,lord1 shouldest mark iniquities1 ,o ,lord1 who shall stand8 ,luke #ae3ah1 #ai4 ,i will arise and go to my father1 and will say unto him1 ,father1 ,i have sinned against heaven1 and before thee1 and am no more worthy to be called thy son3 make me as one of thy hired servants4 ,matt4 #f3ad1 #ae4 ,for if ye forgive men their trespasses1 your heavenly ,father will also forgive you3 but if ye forgive not men their trespasses1 neither will your ,father forgive your trespasses4 ,,reading4-,the ,unmerciful ,servant1 ,matt4 #ah3bc-ce4 ,,chapter ,,xxx4 ,,the ,,sixth ,,petition4 ,and lead us not into temptation4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,god1 indeed1 tempts no one to sin2 but we pray in this petition that ,god would so guard and preserve us1 that the devil1 the world1 and our own flesh may not deceive us1 nor lead us into error and unbelief1 despair1 and other great and shameful sins2 and that1 though we may be thus tempted1 we may nevertheless finally prevail and gain the victory4 ,as children of ,god we must not only seek forgiveness for past sins1 but be anxious to avoid sin in the future4 ,we therefore pray that1 as far as is possible according to ,his gracious will1 ,god would keep us from being tempted1 and would give us strength to overcome when we are tempted4 ,if we are in earnest in praying this ,petition1 we will not run into temptation ourselves1 ,matt4 #d3g nor lead others into it4 ,,how ,,we ,,are ,,tempted4 ,,god ,,indeed ,,tempts ,,no ,,one ,,to ,,sin3 for ,he wishes us to do good1 and not evil4 ,but ,he leads us into circumstances in which we are tried1 and must decide for or against ,him1 for good or for evil4 ,this is the sense in which the ,bible speaks of ,god as tempting persons4 ,gen4 #bb3a ,he tries or tests us4 ,remembering that we are weak1 we pray in this petition that ,god would spare us such trials as much as is possible according to ,his will1 and strengthen us in them1 that we may be faithful4 ,the ,devil1 the ,world1 and our own ,flesh tempt us to ,sin4 ,these are the great enemies of our souls1 who will lead us to destruction if we do not earnestly resist them and repel their temptations4 ,,what ,,we ,,pray4 #a4 ,that we may not be ,deceived or ,misled by these ,enemies4 ,,we ,,pray ,,in ,,this ,,petition ,,that ,,god ,,would ,,so ,,guard ,,and ,,preserve ,,us1 ,,that ,,the ,,devil1 who puts evil thoughts into our hearts1 ,gen4 #c3d1 #e1 ,,ii ,cor4 #aa3c ,,the ,,world 7wicked persons in the world71 ,prov4 #a3aj1 ,john #ae3ah which tempts us by example1 allurements1 and threats1 ,,and ,,our ,,own ,,flesh 7our natural heart71 ,rom4 #h3g which inclines and urges us to sin1 ,,may ,,not ,,deceive ,,us1 by promising us happiness in the paths of sin1 while in reality such paths lead only to misery and destruction4 ,matt4 #g3ac1 #ad ,,nor ,,lead ,,us ,,into ,,error ,,and ,,unbelief1 and thus into ruin1 since our salvation depends on believing the truth as it is in ,jesus2 nor into ,,despair2 because we are lost if we despair of ,god's mercy1 instead of believing ,his precious promises in ,christ2 ,,and ,,other ,,great ,,and ,,shameful ,,sins1 in addition to the error1 unbelief1 and despair mentioned above4 #b4 ,that we may ,overcome these ,enemies and be saved1 ,,and ,,that1 ,,though ,,we ,,may ,,be ,,thus ,,tempted1 ,,we ,,may ,,nevertheless ,,finally ,,prevail1 ,,and ,,gain ,,the ,,victory4 ,the struggle against these enemies is a warfare 7the good fight of faith7 ,i ,tim4 #f3ab which lasts to the end of our days4 ,we dare never think that we are safe without further watchfulness1 effort1 and prayer4 ,i ,cor4 #aj3ab ,if we sometimes fall1 we must not despair nor give up1 but repent and determine to do better4 ,if we earnestly pray for ,god's help1 arm ourselves with ,his ,word1 and beware of false security1 we shall be enabled to overcome these foes more and more each day4 ,i ,cor4 #aj3ac ,and when1 at last1 our end approaches and the warfare is over1 ,god will give us the victory1 and bestow upon us for ,jesus' sake the crown of life4 ,jas4 #d3g1 ,,ii ,tim4 #d3g1 #h ,,questions4--#a4 ,why do we pray this petition8 #b4 ,what do we mean by it8 #c4 ,if we are in earnest in praying it1 what will we not do8 #d4 ,in what sense does ,god tempt8 #e4 ,who tempts us to sin8 #f4 ,what do we pray against these enemies8 #g4 ,how does the devil tempt us8 the world8 our own flesh8 #h4 ,how do they try to deceive us8 #i4 ,into what do they try to mislead us8 #aj4 ,how long must we fight against these enemies8 #aa4 ,if we fall1 what should we do8 #ab4 ,how may we overcome these foes8 #ac4 ,when only shall we be completely victorious over them8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,prov4 #a3aj4 ,my son1 if sinners entice thee1 consent thou not4 ,rom4 #h3g4 ,because the carnal mind is enmity against ,god3 for it is not subject to the law of ,god1 neither indeed can be4 ,matt4 #g3ac1 #ad4 ,enter ye in at the strait gate3 for wide is the gate1 and broad is the way1 that leadeth to destruction1 and many there be which go in thereat3 because strait is the gate1 and narrow is the way1 which leadeth unto life1 and few there be that find it4 ,i ,tim4 #f3ab4 ,fight the good fight of faith1 lay hold on eternal life1 whereunto thou art also called1 and hast professed a good profession before many witnesses4 ,i ,cor4 #aj3ab4 ,let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall4 ,,reading4--,peter denying the ,lord1 ,luke #bb3ed-fb2 or1 ,the ,temptation of ,jesus1 ,matt4 #d3a-aa4 ,,chapter ,,xxxi4 ,,the ,,seventh ,,petition4 ,but deliver us from evil4 ,what is meant by this ,petition8 ,we pray in this petition1 as in a summary1 that our heavenly ,father would deliver us from ail manner of evil1 whether it affect the body or the soul1 property or character1 and at last1 when the hour of death shall arrive1 grant us a happy end1 and graciously take us from this world of sorrow to ,himself in heaven4 99 99 99 99 99 ,as in the sixth ,petition we pray to be preserved from sinning1 so in this seventh ,petition we pray to be delivered from all the evil which has come upon our race as a consequence of sin4#aj ,but this petition comes last1 because we should be more anxious to be delivered from the sin itself1 than from the evil results which follow upon it4 ,footnote #aj3 ,there is a very close connection between the last two petitions1 marked by the word ,but4 ,temptation will not cease until deliverance from evil and from the evil one has come2 and again1 when deliverance from evil has come1 temptation will cease to assail us4--,luekrs4 ,,we ,,pray ,,in ,,petition ,,as ,,in ,a ,,summary4 ,all the petitions which precede it are included in this last one4 ,,that ,,our ,,heavenly ,,father ,,would ,,deliver ,,us ,,from ,,all ,,manner ,,of ,,evil3-- ,i4 ,,in ,,this ,,world4 ,,whether ,,it ,,affect ,,the ,,body1--sickness1 pain1 hunger1 thirst1 destitution1 ,,or ,,the ,,soul1--sin1 impenitence1 unbelief1 sorrow1 anxiety1 care1 despondency1 insanity1 and the like1 ,,property1--poverty1 want1 famine1 fire1 flood1 wars1 riots1 etc41 ,,or ,,character1--disgrace1 slander1 and the like4 ,how we pray for this ,deliverance4 ,god wills that we should sometimes suffer affliction1 in order that our repentance and faith may be increased4 ,isa4 #dh3aj1 ,rev4 #c3ai1 ,,ii ,cor4 #d3ag1 #ah ,consequently1 our prayer for deliverance from evil in this world is a prayer3 #a4 ,that1 whenever it is possible according to ,his will1 ,god would ward off affliction from us4 #b4 ,that ,he would give us grace to bear patiently those afflictions which ,he sends1 ,,ii ,cor4 #ab3i1 ,rom #h3bh and would make them a blessing in disguise for us4 #c4 ,that in ,his own time ,he would remove from us whatever distresses us4 ,i ,sam4 #b3f1 #g ,we should not grow discouraged or despondent under affliction1 but trust in ,god's mercy and bear our cross cheerfully4 ,matt4 #aj3ch ,and we should see to it that we do not1 by our own sin and folly1 bring upon ourselves evils which might have been avoided4 ,,ii4 ,,in ,,the ,,next ,,world4 ,in this world we shall have to endure some evils as long as we live4 ,john #af3cc ,but if we are faithful1 ,god will not only overrule them all for our good1 ,gen4 #ej3bj but will finally1 at death1 deliver us from all evil4 ,,ii ,tim4 #d3ah ,,and ,,at ,,last1 ,,when ,,the ,,hour ,,of ,,death ,,shall ,,arrive1 ,,grant ,,us ,a ,,happy ,,end4 ,an unhappy death is the worst of all evils4 ,but a happy death will more than compensate for all the evils endured in this world4 ,rom4 #h3ah ,a happy death will be ours1 if we persevere in the faith and die in ,christ4 ,rev4 #ad3ac ,for then ,god will pardon all our sins for ,jesus' sake1 ,,and ,,graciously ,,take ,,us ,,from ,,this ,,world ,,of ,,sorrow ,,to ,,himself ,,in ,,heaven4 ,rev4 #g3ad-ae ,there all evils shall cease for ever4 ,rev4 #ba3d ,for sin1 and all that follows upon sin1 shall be no more4 ,in this entrance into heaven at last1 all our highest hopes and prayers shall find their complete and eternal fulfilment4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what do we pray for in this petition8 #b4 ,what connection exists between the sixth and seventh petitions8 #c4 ,why is this petition called a summary8 #d4 ,from what kind of evils do we suffer in this world8 #e4 ,how do we pray for deliverance from evil in this world8 #f4 ,when shall we be completely delivered from all evil8 #g4 ,what is to be said about a happy end8 #h4 ,why shall we suffer from no evil in heaven8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,isa4 #dh3aj4 ,behold1 ,i have refined thee1 but not with silver3 ,i have chosen thee in the furnace of affliction4 ,rev4 #c3ai4 ,as many as ,i love1 ,i rebuke and chasten3 be zealous therefore1 and repent4 ,,ii ,cor4 #ab3i4 ,and he said unto me1 ,my grace is sufficient for thee3 for my strength is made perfect in weakness4 ,rom4 #h3ah4 ,for ,i reckon that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be repealed in us4 ,rev4 #ad3ac4 ,blessed are the dead which die in the ,lord from henceforth2 ,yea1 saith the ,spirit1 that they may rest from their labours2 and their works do follow them4 ,rev4 #ba3d4 ,these are they which came out of great tribulation1 and have washed their robes1 and made them1 white in the blood of the ,lamb4 ,therefore are they before the throne of ,god1 and serve him day and night in his temple3 and he that sitteth on the throne shall dwell among them4 ,,reading4--,the ,rich ,man and ,lazarus1 ,luke #af3ai-ca4 ,,chapter ,,xxxii4 ,,the ,,conclusion4 ,for ,thine ,is the kingdom1 and the power1 and the glory for ever and ever4 ,amen4 ,what is meant by the word ,amen8 ,that ,i should be assured that such petitions are acceptable to our heavenly ,father1 and are heard by ,him2 for ,he ,himself has commanded us to pray in this manner1 and has promised that ,he will hear us4 ,amen1 amen1 that is1 yea1 yea1 it shall be so4 99 99 99 99 99 ,in this ,conclusion we give the reason why we address our prayer to our heavenly ,father1 and why we expect to be heard4 ,it contains a ,doxology1 and an ,amen4 ,,the ,,doxology4 ,,for ,,thine ,,is ,,the ,,kingdom3 ,thou art ,king and ,lord of all2 ,i ,tim4 #a3ag from ,thee ail gifts must come4 ,jas4 #a3ag ,,and ,,the ,,power3 with ,thee nothing is impossible2 ,luke #a3cg ,thou art able to do abundantly above all that we ask or think4 ,eph4 #c3bj ,,and ,,the ,,glory3 ,thou art ,god alone1 ,isa4 #df3d infinite in holiness1 power1 and love2 to ,thy name alone be all praise4 ,ps4 #aae3a ,,for ,,ever ,,and ,,ever4 ,the kingdoms of earth and their glory pass away2 but ,thy kingdom and power and glory endure for evermore4 ,dan4 #d3c1 ,ps4 #ade3aa-ac ,,the ,,amen4 ,,amen means ,verily4 ,by adding it to our prayer we express our assurance1 ,,that ,,such ,,petitions ,,are ,,acceptable ,,to ,,our ,,heavenly ,,father ,,and ,,are ,,heard ,,by ,,him4 ,the petitions for temporal and spiritual blessings which we here bring before ,him are the very ones which ,he desires us to present4 ,i ,john #e3ad ,,for ,,he ,,himself ,,has ,,taught ,,us ,,to ,,pray ,,in ,,this ,,manner1 and to ask for these things1 ,,and ,,has ,,promised ,,that ,,he ,,will ,,hear ,,us4 ,,ii ,cor4 #a3bj ,the promise is1 that whatsoever we ask in ,christ's name shall be given to us4 ,john #af3bc ,hence we add at the end of our prayer3 ,amen1 that is1 it shall be so2 ,god will answer our prayer4 ,matt4 #g3i-aa ,,questions4--#a4 ,why do we add the conclusion to the ,lord's ,prayer8 #b4 ,what two parts does the conclusion contain8 #c4 ,what do we mean by saying1 ,thine is the kingdom8 the power8 the glory8 forever8 #d4 ,what does ,amen mean8 #e4 ,why do we add it to our prayer8 #f4 ,why are we sure that these petitions are acceptable to our heavenly ,father8 #g4 ,what promise have we with respect to our prayers8 ,,scripture ,,verse4--,ps4 #ade3ac4 ,thy kingdom is an everlasting kingdom1 and thy dominion endureth throughout all generations4 ,,reading4--,asking and ,receiving1 ,luke #aa3e-ac4 ,,chapter ,,xxxiii4 ,,the ,,means ,,of ,,grace4 ,the spiritual blessings spoken of in the ,creed and asked for in the ,lord's ,prayer are brought to us through the ,means of ,grace4 ,,what ,,they ,,are4 ,the ,means of ,grace are3 #a4 ,the ,word of ,god1 #b4 ,the ,sacrament of ,holy ,baptism1 #c4 ,the ,sacrament of the ,altar4 ,they are called the means of grace1 because they are the means or vehicles through which ,god's grace comes to us4 ,it is through the ,word of ,god and the ,sacraments that the ,holy ,spirit does ,his work in us4 ,,the ,,word ,,of ,,god4 ,,the ,,chief ,,means ,,of ,,grace is the ,word of ,god4 ,i ,pet4 #a3bc ,for through it the ,holy ,spirit calls1 enlightens1 sanctifies1 and preserves us in the true faith4 ,even in the ,sacraments1 the principal thing is the ,word of ,god with its command and promise2 and without the ,word of ,god there would be no sacrament4 ,,its ,,power4 ,the ,holy ,spirit is always in the ,word1 and gives it saving power4 ,through the ,law and the ,gospel which the ,word contains1 ,he brings to repentance and faith all those persons who do not wilfully resist ,his grace4 ,heb4 #d3ab ,through it ,he not only tells us what to do1 but gives us the power to obey4 ,eph #b3d1 #e ,because ,he is in the ,word1 it is the power of ,god unto salvation to every one that believeth4 ,rom #a3af 7,compare what is said concerning the ,bible in ,chapter ,i41 and concerning the ,work of the ,holy ,spirit in ,chapter ,,xx47 ,,the ,,sacraments4 ,,what ,a ,,sacrament ,,is4 ,a sacrament is a holy ordinance1 instituted by ,christ1 in which invisible heavenly gifts are bestowed upon us through the use of visible earthly elements4 ,,how ,,many ,,there ,,are4 ,in the sense in which we use the word ,sacrament there are only two holy ordinances to which the name may be applied2 namely1 ,baptism and the ,lord's ,supper4 ,for these are the only two which possess the three essentials of a sacrament3 #a4 ,the ,command of ,christ2 #b4 ,the ,use of ,earthly ,elements2 #c4 ,the ,communication of a ,heavenly ,gift4#aa ,footnote #aa3 ,the ,roman ,catholic ,church teaches that there are seven sacraments3 ,baptism1 ,confirmation1 ,confession1 the ,lord's ,supper1 ,ordination1 ,marriage1 and ,extreme ,unction4 ,but five of these lack one or more of the essentials of a sacrament enumerated above4 ,,old ,,testament ,,types4 ,the rite of ,circumcision1 practised in ,old ,testament times1 was a type of ,baptism2 and the ,passover was a type of the ,lord's ,supper4 ,,their ,,purpose4 ,the sacraments have been given to us in order that they might bring a special comfort to our souls1 in addition to the comfort which we find in ,god's ,word4 ,for the ,grace of ,god which is offered to all men in the ,word1 is brought and sealed to each believer individually in the sacraments4 ,my baptism assures me that all the blessings of ,christ's redemption are meant for me3 and the ,lord's ,supper assures me that ,christ's body and blood were given and shed for me for the remission of my sins4 ,,faith ,,necessary4 ,without faith1 no one can obtain any benefit from the sacraments4 ,but he who believes receives the heavenly gifts offered in them1 and has the blessed assurance that he is a child of ,god and an heir of heaven4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,how are the spiritual blessings spoken of in the ,creed and asked for in the ,lord's ,prayer brought to us8 #b4 ,what are the ,means of ,grace8 #c4 ,why are they so called8 #d4 ,what is the chief means of grace8 #e4 ,why does the ,word of ,god possess saving power8 #f4 ,what is a ,sacrament8 #g4 ,how many ,sacraments are there8 #h4 ,what are the three essentials of a sacrament8 #i4 ,what is the purpose of the sacraments8 #aj4 ,does every one who receives the sacraments derive a benefit from them8 ,,sculpture ,,reading4--,the ,man ,born ,blind1 ,john #i3a-g4 ,,part ,,iv4 ,,chapter ,,xxxiv4 ,,the ,,sacrament ,,of ,,holy ,,baptism ,i4 ,what is ,baptism8 ,baptism is not simply water1 but it is the water comprehended in ,god's command1 and connected with ,god's ,word4 ,what is that ,word of ,god8 ,it is that which our ,lord ,jesus ,christ spoke1 as it is recorded in the last chapter of ,matthew1 verse #ai3 ,go ye1 and teach 7make disciples of7 all nations1 baptizing them in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,what ,,baptism ,,is4 ,baptism consists in applying water to a person in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost1 as ,christ has commanded4 ,matt4 #bh3ai ,,baptism ,,is ,,not ,,simply ,,water4 ,in one sense1 indeed1 the water used in baptism is simply ordinary water from well1 cistern1 or stream2 ,acts #h3cf but when used in baptism it ceases to be simply water1 and possesses special value and power1 because ,,it ,,is ,,the ,,water ,,comprehended ,,in ,,god',s ,,command4 ,the water of baptism is a water which ,god has commanded us to use1--,his command being1 ,go ye and make disciples of all nations1 baptizing them1 etc4 ,,and ,,connected ,,with ,,god',s ,,word4 ,in baptism1 water is applied in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost2 and thus it is used in connection1 with the very words of ,christ ,himself4 ,the water and the ,word together make the sacrament4 ,,its ,,necessity4 ,baptism is necessary for all1 because ,christ has commanded that all should be baptized1 and has connected the blessing of salvation with this sacrament4 ,matt4 #af3af ,those who despise it and refuse to be baptized1 cannot be saved4 ,but if any person should desire baptism and be unable to obtain it1 he would not on that account be lost4 ,it is not the lack of baptism1 but the despising of baptism that condemns4 ,baptism is to be administered by the pastor4 ,but if there should be extreme peril of death before a minister could possibly arrive1 any member of the ,church may baptize4 ,such lay-baptism1 however1 should afterwards be announced in church1 and be declared valid4 ,,who ,,are ,,to ,,be ,,baptized4 ,the command of ,christ to make disciples includes all nations4 ,all those persons1 therefore1 who are willing to become disciples are to be baptized2 namely1 adults who have received the proper religious instruction and profess faith in ,christ1 and children whom competent sponsors present for baptism4 ,,infant ,,baptism4 ,infants should be baptized at a very early age1 and thus be received into ,god's covenant as ,his children4 ,since they cannot be instructed before baptism1 they should be carefully instructed afterwards ,matt4 #bh3bj and be brought up in the nurture and admonition of the ,lord1 ,eph4 #f3d so that they may always remain faithful and obedient children of ,god4 ,,sponsors answer the questions for the child at its baptism1 and promise to see to it that the child is properly instructed and trained in the ,christian religion4 ,sponsors must themselves be members in good standing in the ,church4 ,,why ,,children ,,should ,,be ,,baptized4#ab ,as children were received into the ,old ,testament covenant by the rite of circumcision1 which was a type of baptism1 so ,god desires that they shall be received into the ,new ,testament covenant by baptism4 ,some of the reasons for infant baptism are the following3-- ,footnote #ab3 ,baptists sometimes argue against infant baptism on the basis of the ,scripture passage3 ,go ye and teach all nations1 baptizing them1 etc41 claiming that ,christ says first teach and then baptize4 ,but1 as a matter of fact1 ,christ mentions baptizing before teaching in this passage4 ,for in its correct translation1 as given in the ,revised ,version of the ,english ,bible1 it reads1 ,go ye therefore1 and make disciples of all the nations1 baptizing them into the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost2 teaching them to observe all things whatsoever ,i commanded you4 ,if the order in which the two words baptize and teach occur in this passage proved anything with respect to the baptism of infants1 it would prove that they should be baptized4 ,for in the case of children1 baptizing comes first and teaching follows1 just as in the passage quoted4 #a4 ,children form part of the nations whom ,christ commanded ,his disciples to baptize4 #b4 ,they are by nature sinful and need ,god's grace as well as adults4 ,john #c3e1 #f1 ,job #ad3d ,while they have not yet committed any conscious transgressions1 they have inherited a sinful heart1 and the germs of sin in them will soon grow into actual transgressions4 #c4 ,christ has commanded that little children should be brought to ,him1 and we obey this command by baptizing them and teaching them4 ,luke #ah3af #d4 ,christ says of children1 ,of such is the kingdom of ,god3 ,mark #aj3ad1 #ae and they have a right1 therefore1 to receive that sacrament by which we enter ,god's kingdom4 #e4 ,the promise of ,god's grace is given to children as well as to adults4 ,acts #b3ci #f4 ,children have capacity for faith4 ,matt4 #ah3f #g4 ,the apostles baptized whole families4 ,acts #af3cc ,,how ,,baptism ,,is ,,to ,,be ,,administered4 ,in ,his command to baptize1 ,christ does not specify any mode of baptism4 ,it may be performed in any one of three ways2 namely1 by sprinkling1 pouring1 or immersion4 ,one mode of baptism is just as valid as the others4 ,the most convenient mode1 the one best adapted to all circumstances1 and the one most widely used in the ,christian ,church1 is by pouring or sprinkling4 ,immersion is not advisable in our climate1 and in many cases1 such as severe sickness1 it could not possibly be employed4 ,,immersion ,,not ,,essential4 ,the word baptize does not necessarily mean to immerse1 as the ,baptists claim4 ,when the ,saviour instituted this sacrament1 ,he did not coin a new word1 but employed one already in use4 ,the original ,greek word from which our ,english word baptize is derived1 is used in the ,new ,testament in the sense of washing ,mark #g3d and sprinkling4 ,i ,cor4 #aj3b ,the baptism of the three thousand on the day of ,pentecost ,acts #b3da and of the ,philippian jailor ,acts #af3cc could hardly have been by immersion1 on account of the scarcity of water available for such a purpose4 ,when ,jesus was baptized1 ,he came up out of the water2 ,matt4 #c3af but it is quite probable that ,he stood in the stream while ,john poured water on ,his head4 ,,the ,,essence ,,of ,,baptism consists in applying water in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost2 and its gracious effect depends1 not on the amount of water that is used1 but on the ,word of ,god with which the water is connected4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what does baptism consist in8 #b4 ,why is baptism not simply water8 #c4 ,what is meant by water comprehended in ,god's command8 #d4 ,what is meant by water connected with ,god's ,word8 #e4 ,what is to be said about the necessity of baptism8 #f4 ,who are to be baptized8 #g4 ,what is to be said about infant baptism8 #h4 ,who may be sponsors1 and what is their duty8 #i4 ,give some reasons for infant baptism4 #aj4 ,what is to be said about the mode of baptism8 #aa4 ,why is immersion not essential8 #ab4 ,in what does the essence of baptism consist8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,john #c3e1 #f4 ,jesus answered1 ,verily1 verily1 ,i say unto thee1 ,except a man be born of water and of the ,spirit1 he cannot enter into the kingdom of ,god4 ,that which is born of the flesh is flesh2 and that which is born of the ,spirit is spirit4 ,mark #aj3ad1 #ae4 ,but when ,jesus saw it1 he was much displeased1 and said unto them1 ,suffer the little children to come unto me1 and forbid them not3 for of such is the kingdom of ,god4 ,verily ,i say unto you1 ,whosoever shall not receive the kingdom of ,god as a little child1 he shall not enter therein4 ,,reading4-,the ,baptism of ,jesus1 ,matt4 #c3ac-ag4 ,,chapter ,,xxxv4 ,,ii4 ,what gifts or benefits does ,baptism confer8 ,it works forgiveness of sins1 delivers from death and the devil1 and confers everlasting salvation on all who believe1 as the ,word and promise of ,god declare4 ,what are such words and promises of ,god8 ,those which our ,lord ,jesus ,christ spoke1 as they are recorded in the last chapter of ,mark1 verse #af3 ,he that believeth and is baptized shall be saved2 but he that believeth not shall be damned4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,benefits ,,of ,,baptism4 ,baptism is ,god's means of receiving us into ,his covenant1 and opening up to us all the treasures of ,christ's redemption4 ,through this sacrament ,he adopts us as ,his children and receives us into membership in ,his ,church4 ,gal4 #c3cf1 #bg ,we are baptized in 7into7 the name of the ,father 7who sent ,his ,son to save us71 and of the ,son 7who died to redeem us71 and of the ,holy ,ghost 7who applies ,christ's redemption to our souls74 ,therefore every baptized person may say1 ,god is my ,father1 ,christ is my ,redeemer1 the ,holy ,ghost is my ,sanctifier1 and all the benefits of ,christ's redemption are offered to me4 ,hence we declare of baptism1 that ,,it ,,works ,,forgiveness ,,of ,,sins1 ,acts #b3ch1 ,acts #bb3af1 ,eph4 #e3be1 #bf ,,delivers ,,from ,,death ,,and ,,the ,,devil1 ,,and ,,confers ,,everlasting ,,salvation4 ,these are the very benefits which ,christ has acquired for me by ,his innocent sufferings and death 7see ,article ,,ii1 of the ,creed1 ,chapter ,,xix474 ,and since ,i have been baptized into ,christ's death1 ,rom #f3c all these benefits belong to me if ,i only accept them by faith4 ,mark #af3af ,i am regarded by ,god as having already suffered the full penalty of my sins in ,christ's death1 and for ,his sake ,i am pardoned and saved4 ,,on ,,all ,,who ,,believe4 ,faith is the hand with which we grasp and hold fast the treasures of ,god's grace offered in this sacrament4 ,the benefits are offered to every one who is baptized1 but they are accepted and possessed only by him who believes4 ,,as ,,the ,,word ,,and ,,promise ,,of ,,god ,,declare4 ,the benefits belong to all who are baptized and believe1 because ,god has said so4 ,numb4 #bc3ai ,he has promised1 ,he that believeth and is baptized shall be saved4 ,,without ,,faith baptism will not save any one4 ,he that believeth not shall be damned even though he is baptized4 ,for while such a person has been adopted as ,god's child1 he is a disobedient and rebellious child1 and therefore is disinherited1 and loses the heavenly inheritance ,pet4 #a3d which would have been his1 if he had remained faithful4 ,,baptism ,,permanent4 ,baptism1 once properly administered1 is not to be repeated4 ,it is a permanent covenant between ,god and us4 ,while men are often unfaithful to their covenant1 ,god never is4 ,,ii ,cor4 #a3bj1 ,rom4 #c3c ,he bestows the blessings of baptism on all who comply with its conditions4 ,having received us by baptism as ,his children1 ,he ever afterwards remains our loving heavenly ,father1 to whom we may turn with fullest confidence4 ,and if any who have fallen from grace repent and seek ,his mercy1 they find ,him standing with open arms to receive them4 ,luke #ae3aa-bd ,such persons need not be re-baptized2 their old baptism stands4 ,a rebellious son who repents needs not to be re-adopted1 but needs only to be forgiven4 ,,iii4 ,how can water produce such great effects8 ,it is not the water1 indeed1 that produces these effects1 but the ,word of ,god which accompanies and is connected with the water1 and our faith which relies on the ,word of ,god connected with the water4 ,for the water without the ,word of ,god is simply water1 and no baptism4 ,but when connected with the ,word of ,god1 it is a baptism1 that is1 a gracious water of life and a washing of regeneration in the ,holy ,ghost2 as ,st4 ,paul says to ,titus in the third chapter1 verses #e-h3 ,according to ,his mercy ,he saved us1 by the washing of regeneration1 and renewing of the ,holy ,ghost2 which ,he shed on us abundantly through ,jesus ,christ1 our ,saviour2 that being justified by ,his grace1 we should be made heirs according to the hope of eternal life4 ,this is a faithful saying4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,why ,,baptism ,,has ,,power ,,to ,,confer ,,such ,,benefits4 ,,it ,,is ,,not ,,the ,,water1 ,,indeed1 ,,that ,,produces ,,these ,,effects4 ,water alone cannot wash away sins4 ,yet the water of baptism is necessary1 because ,christ has commanded its use1 and has connected the promise of salvation with it4 ,,but ,,the ,,word ,,of ,,god ,,which ,,accompanies ,,and ,,is ,,connected ,,with ,,the ,,water4 ,it is the ,word of ,god1 with its command and promise1 that makes baptism a sacrament1 and gives it power to confer such great benefits4 ,john #f3fc ,,and ,,our ,,faith ,,which ,,relies ,,on ,,the ,,word ,,of ,,god ,,connected ,,with ,,the ,,water4#ac ,the baptism is a real baptism and offers these great benefits1 whether we believe or not4 ,but the benefits become ours1 only when we believe the promises of ,god4 ,mark #af3af ,footnote #ac3 ,the story of ,naaman the leper 7,,ii ,kings #e3h-ad7 illustrates how water1 the ,word of ,god1 and faith can produce great effects4 ,it was not the water of the ,jordan that cured ,naaman2 yet he could not have been cured without the water1 because the promise of healing was connected with its use4 ,when he believed the ,word of promise and used the water as he was commanded1 he was healed4 ,so the water1 the ,word1 and our faith1 which trusts in the ,word1 cleanse us from the leprosy of sin4 ,,it ,,is ,a ,,gracious ,,water ,,of ,,life1 because the ,word and promise of ,god1 which are connected with it1 give it power to bestow life and salvation on all who believe4 ,,and ,a ,,washing ,,of ,,regeneration in the ,holy ,ghost1 because it is the means through which the ,holy ,ghost causes us to be born again1 as ,god's children4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what does ,god do for us through baptism8 #b4 ,what may every baptized person say8 #c4 ,what benefits does baptism confer8 #d4 ,who has acquired these benefits for you1 and how8 #e4 ,why do they become yours through baptism8 #f4 ,what has faith to do with the reception of these benefits8 #g4 ,how do we know that baptism confers all these benefits on all who believe8 #h4 ,what is to be said about those who are baptized but do not believe8 #i4 ,what is to be said about the permanence of baptism8 #aj4 ,why has baptism power to confer such great benefits8 #aa4 ,why is it a gracious water of life1 and a washing of regeneration8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,gal4 #c3bf1 #bg4 ,for ye are all the children of ,god by faith in ,christ ,jesus4 ,for as many of you as have been baptized into ,christ1 have put on ,christ4 ,acts #b3ch4 ,then ,peter said unto them1 ,repent1 and be baptized every one of you in the name of ,jesus ,christ for the remission of sins1 and ye shall receive the gift of the ,holy ,ghost4 ,rom4 #f3c4 ,know ye not1 that so many of us as were baptized into ,jesus ,christ were baptized into his death8 ,numb4 #bc3ai4 ,god is not a man1 that he should lie2 neither the son of man1 that he should repent3 hath he said1 and shall he not do it8 or hath he spoken1 and shall he not make it good8 ,,reading4--,naaman1 ,,ii ,kings #e3a-ad4 ,,chapter ,,xxxvi4 ,,iv4 ,what does such baptising with water signify8 ,it signifies that the old ,adam in us is to be drowned and destroyed by daily sorrow and repentance1 together with all sins and evil lusts2 and that again the new man should daily come forth and rise1 that shall live in the presence of ,god in righteousness and purity forever4 ,where is it so written8 ,st4 ,paul1 in the epistle to the ,romans1 chapter #f1 verse #d1 says3 ,we are buried with ,christ by baptism into death2 that like as ,he was raised up from the dead by the glory of the ,father1 even so we also should walk in newness of life4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,duty ,,which ,,baptism ,,imposes4 ,baptism bestows upon us the great privilege of being children of ,god2 but it also imposes upon us the duty to live and act as ,god's children4 ,every one who is baptized promises1 either with his own lips or through his sponsors1 that he will live thus4 ,god is always faithful to ,his part of the baptismal covenant2 we should always be faithful to ours4 ,our duty is two-fold3-- #a4 ,,the ,,old ,,adam ,,in ,,us ,,is ,,to ,,be ,,drowned1 ,,destroyed ,,by ,,daily ,,sorrow ,,and ,,repentance1 ,,together ,,with ,,all ,,and ,,evil ,,lusts4 ,by the old ,adam in us is meant our old sinful self1 as we are by nature4 ,for we are born into the world with a sinful heart and a natural inclination to evil4 ,this evil nature still clings to us even after we have been born again into sonship with ,god4 ,rom4 #g3ah-bd ,this old sinful self1 together with the sins and lusts to which it prompts us1 must be suppressed1 subdued1 and gradually destroyed4 ,eph4 #d3bb1 ,gal4 #e3bd ,we should gain the mastery over it more and more every day4 ,we shall do this1 if we daily mourn over our sinfulness1 and ask ,god for ,christ's sake to grant us forgiveness and strength4 #b4 ,,the ,,new ,,man ,,should ,,daily ,,come ,,forth ,,and ,,rise1 ,,that ,,shall ,,live ,,in ,,the ,,presence ,,of ,,god ,,in ,,righteousness ,,and ,,purity ,,forever4 ,by the new man is meant our new self1--what we have become by the work of the ,holy ,spirit in us4 ,for if we have been baptized and believe1 there has been implanted in us a new life4 ,we have become new creatures1 ,,ii ,cor4 #e3ag who by ,god's grace hate sin and desire from the heart to do ,god's will alone4 ,as the old man in us should daily become weaker and gradually die1 so the new man in us should daily grow stronger1 ,eph4 #d3bc1 #bd1 ,,ii ,pet #c3ah and cause us to live in constantly increasing righteousness and purity here on earth1 ,phil4 #c3ab till at last we are received into ,god's presence for ,jesus' sake1 and live before ,him in perfect righteousness and purity forever4 ,,confirmation4 ,the rite of confirmation is closely connected with the baptism of children4 ,for the children who have been baptized are afterwards to be taught to observe all things whatsoever ,christ has commanded2 ,matt4 #bh3bj and1 when they have reached an age at which they are able to examine themselves1 they should be confirmed4 ,,preceded ,,by ,,instruction4 ,confirmation is to be preceded by thorough instruction in the doctrines and duties of the ,christian religion4 ,in addition to the instruction received in the home and the ,sunday-school1 those who desire to be confirmed are specially instructed in the catechetical class by the pastor4 ,confirmation is the ,church's testimony that the catechumens have received the necessary instruction to fit them for intelligent and earnest participation in the full privileges of ,church membership4 ,this instruction is the principal thing1 and without it confirmation would lose its meaning4 ,,what ,,confirmation ,,is4 ,in confirmation the catechumen makes no new promises1 but repeats with his own lips the confession of faith and the promise of faithfulness to ,christ which were made for him by his sponsor at his baptism4 ,thereupon the minister lays his hand upon the head of each catechumen1 and the minister and congregation pray that ,god would give to each ,his ,holy ,spirit to keep him in the faith and to cause him to grow in holiness4 ,,why ,,we ,,confirm4 ,confirmation is not commanded in the ,scriptures1 but is a useful ordinance of the ,church4 ,it does not make us members of the ,church2 for we become members by baptism2 but it admits us to communicant membership in the ,church4 ,those who have been confirmed are admitted to the ,lord's ,supper4 ,they are also entitled to act as sponsors at the baptism of children4 ,the right to vote depends upon the constitution of the particular congregation4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what duty does baptism impose8 #b4 ,in what two-fold way is this duty to be performed8 #c4 ,what is meant by the old ,adam in us8 #d4 ,what shall be done with our old sinful self8 #e4 ,how shall we succeed in gaining the mastery over it8 #f4 ,what is meant by the new man8 #g4 ,what does our new self prompt us to do8 #h4 ,what should the new man in us do8 #i4 ,what is to be done with children who have been baptized8 #aj4 ,by what is confirmation to be preceded8 #aa4 ,what is to be said about the importance of this instruction8 #ab4 ,tell what confirmation is8 #ac4 ,why do we confirm8 #ad4 ,what privileges does confirmation confer8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,eph4 #d3bb4 ,that ye put off concerning the former conversation the old man1 which is corrupt according to the deceitful lusts4 ,gal4 #e3bd4 ,and they that are ,christ's have crucified the flesh with the affections and lusts4 ,eph4 #d3bd4 ,and that ye put on the new man1 which after ,god is created in righteousness and true holiness4 ,phil4 #c3ab4 ,not as though ,i had already attained1 either were already perfect3 but ,i follow after1 if that ,i may apprehend that for which also ,i am apprehended of ,christ ,jesus4 ,,reading4--,the ,lame ,man of ,bethesda1 ,john #e3a-ad4 ,,part ,v4 ,,chapter ,,xxxvii4 ,,the ,,sacrament ,,of ,,the ,,altar4 ,i4 ,what is the ,sacrament of the ,altar8 ,it is the true body and blood of our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 under the bread and wine1 given unto us ,christians to eat and to drink1 as it was instituted by ,christ ,himself4 ,where is it so written8 ,the holy evangelists1 ,matthew1 ,mark1 and ,luke1 together with ,st4 ,paul1 write thus3 ,our ,lord ,jesus ,christ1 the same night in which ,he was betrayed1 took bread3 and when ,he had given thanks1 ,he broke it1 and gave it to ,his disciples and said1 ,take1 eat2 this is ,my body1 which is given for you3 this do in remembrance of ,me4 ,after the same manner also ,he took the cup when ,he had supped1 gave thanks1 and gave it to them1 saying1 ,drink ye all of it3 this cup is the ,new ,testament in ,my blood1 which is shed for you1 for the remission of sins3 this do1 as oft as ye drink it1 in remembrance of ,me4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,its ,,names4 ,this sacrament is called3 #a4 ,the ,sacrament of the ,altar1 because it is administered at the altar4 #b4 ,the ,lord's ,supper1 because it was instituted by the ,lord while the disciples were eating the ,passover ,supper4 #c4 ,the ,table of the ,lord1 because the ,lord here gives food and drink to our souls4 #d4 ,the ,communion1 because it is a communion of bread and wine with the body and blood of ,christ1 a communion of believers with ,christ1 and a communion of believers with one another4 #e4 ,the ,eucharist--a name derived from a ,greek word meaning to give thanks--because the administration of the ,lord's ,supper is attended with thanksgiving4 ,,what ,,the ,,sacrament ,,of ,,the ,,altar ,,is4 ,the ,lord's ,supper was instituted by ,,our ,,lord ,,jesus ,,christ ,,the ,,same ,,night ,,in ,,which ,,he ,,was ,,betrayed1 while ,he and the disciples were eating the ,passover ,supper4 ,i ,cor4 #aa3bc-be1 ,matt4 #bf3bf-bh1 ,mark #ad3bb-bd1 ,luke #bb3ai-bj ,what the ,lord's ,supper is1 we learn from the words of ,christ ,himself as given by the evangelists1 ,matthew1 ,mark1 and ,luke1 and by ,st4 ,paul4 ,,the ,,earthly ,,elements4 ,the ,lord ,,took ,,bread1 ,,and ,,when ,,he ,,had ,,given ,,thanks1 ,,he ,,broke ,,it ,,and ,,gave ,,it ,,to ,,his ,,disciples4 ,,after ,,the ,,same ,,manner ,,also ,,he ,,took ,,the ,,cup containing the wine1 ,,when ,,he ,,had ,,supped1 ,,gave ,,thanks1 ,,and ,,gave ,,it ,,to ,,them4 ,the earthly elements used in this sacrament are1 therefore1 bread and wine4 ,the wafers which are generally used in ,lutheran ,churches are unleavened bread--the kind which ,christ used--because at the time of the ,passover no other but unleavened bread dared be used by the ,jews4 ,the wine which ,christ used was real wine1 not unfermented grape juice4 ,we are not permitted to substitute anything else in place of the earthly elements used by ,christ in instituting this sacrament4 ,,the ,,body ,,and ,,blood ,,of ,,christ4 ,when ,christ gave ,his disciples the bread1 ,,he ,,said1 ,,take1 ,,eat2 ,,this ,,is ,,my ,,body1 ,,which ,,is ,,given ,,for ,,you4 ,when ,he gave them the wine1 ,,he ,,said1 ,,drink ,,ye ,,all ,,of ,,it2 ,,this ,,cup ,,is ,,the ,,new ,,testament ,,in ,,my ,,blood1 ,,which ,,is ,,shed ,,for ,,you ,,for ,,the ,,remission ,,of ,,sins4 ,consequently1 when we receive the bread in this sacrament1 we receive also the body of ,christ2 and when we receive the wine1 we receive also the blood of ,christ4 ,and we say of the ,sacrament of the ,altar1 that ,,it ,,is ,,the ,,true ,,body ,,and ,,blood ,,of ,,our ,,lord ,,christ1 ,,under 7along with7 ,,the ,,bread ,,and ,,wine1 ,,gives ,,unto ,,us ,,christians ,,to ,,eat ,,to ,,as ,,it ,,was ,,instituted ,,by ,,himself4 ,the bread and wine do not simply represent the body and blood of ,christ 7,zwingli's view74 ,the bread and wine are not changed into the body and blood of ,christ 7the ,roman ,catholic view1 or transubstantiation74 ,the bread and wine are not united with the body and blood of ,christ into a third substance different from both 7consubstantiation74 ,the bread and wine remain real bread and wine throughout the administration of the ,lord's ,supper4 ,i ,cor4 #aa3bh ,but there is a communion of the bread and wine with the body and blood of ,christ1 ,i ,cor4 #aj3af so that when the communicant receives the bread he receives also the body of ,christ1 and when he receives the wine1 he receives also the blood of ,christ4 ,the bread and wine are the earthly vehicles through which the heavenly gift of ,christ's body and blood1 which were given1 and shed for us for the remission of sins1 are communicated to us4 ,i ,cor4 #aj3bh1 #bi ,,doctrines ,,compared4 ,the ,reformed1 ,lutheran1 and ,roman ,catholic doctrines of the ,lord's ,supper may be compared and illustrated thus3-- ,reformed4 ,lutheran4 ,roman ,catholic4 ,bread4 ,bread-,body4 ,body4 ,wine4 ,wine-,blood4 ,blood4 ,according to the ,reformed view1 only bread and wine are present2 according to the ,roman ,catholic#ad view1 only the body and blood of ,christ are present2 according to the ,lutheran and ,scriptural doctrine1 both the bread and wine and the body and blood of ,christ are present in the ,holy ,supper1 and are received by every communicant4 ,footnote #ad3 ,because of its false doctrine concerning the ,lord's ,supper1 the ,roman ,catholic ,church has fallen into these additional errors3 #a4 ,the ,sacrifice of the ,mass1 in which the priest1 by blessing the bread and wine1 is supposed to turn them into the body and blood of ,christ1 and thus to offer an unbloody sacrifice of ,christ which is as effective as ,christ's death on the cross4 #b4 ,the ,withholding of the cup from the laity1 lest a single drop of ,christ's blood should be spilled4 #c4 ,the ,elevation of the ,host1 in which the wafer or host is adored as the body of ,christ4 ,a ,,great ,,mystery4 ,the ,lord's ,supper is a great mystery2 but also a great comfort4 ,we cannot understand how ,christ can give us ,his body and blood in this sacrament4 ,but it is the part of faith to take the ,saviour at ,his word4 ,this the ,lutheran ,church does in her doctrine4 ,,questions4--#a4 ,by what different names is this sacrament known and why8 #b4 ,from what do we learn what the ,lord's ,supper is8 #c4 ,what is to be said about the earthly elements8 #d4 ,when ,christ gave ,his disciples the bread and the wine1 what did ,he say8 #e4 ,what do we receive1 therefore1 in the ,lord's ,supper8 #f4 ,what is to be said about ,zwingli's view8 #g4 ,what is to be said about the ,roman ,catholic view1 and what is it called8 #h4 ,what other false doctrine besides these two is to be rejected8 #i4 ,how may the ,reformed1 ,lutheran1 and ,roman ,catholic doctrines of the ,lord's ,supper be compared8 #aj4 ,is the true doctrine to be rejected because we do not understand it8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,i ,cor4 #aj3af4 ,the cup of blessing which we bless1 is it not the communion of the blood of ,christ8 ,the bread which we break1 is it not the communion of the body of ,christ8 ,,reading4--,the ,institution of the ,lord's ,supper1 ,matt4 #bf3ag-cj4 ,,ii4 ,what benefits are derived from such eating and drinking8 ,they are pointed out in these words3 given and shed for you1 for the remission of sins2 namely1 through these words1 the remission of sins1 life and salvation are granted unto us in the sacrament4 ,for where there is remission of sins1 there are also life and salvation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,the ,,benefits ,,derived ,,from ,,the ,,lord',s ,,supper4 ,the benefits offered in this sacrament and bestowed upon all who receive it ,in faith ,,are ,,pointed ,,out ,,in ,,these ,,words of the institution3 ,,given ,,and ,,shed ,,for ,,you1 ,,for ,,the ,,remission ,,of ,,sins4 ,accordingly1 the benefits are3 ,,remission ,,of ,,sins1 ,,life ,,and ,,salvation4 ,for while only the remission 7forgiveness7 of sins is mentioned in the institution1 yet ,,where ,,there ,,is ,,remission ,,of ,,sins1 ,,there ,,are ,,also ,,life ,,and ,,salvation4 ,rom4 #f3bb ,the ,lord's ,supper confers all the benefits which ,christ secured by ,his sufferings and death4 ,eph4 #a3g ,each communicant is assured by the words of ,christ ,himself that the body which he receives along with the bread was given for him1 and that the blood which he receives along with the wine was shed for him1 for the remission of his sins4 ,the promise of grace and forgiveness held out to all in the ,gospel is thus brought home to each individual in the ,lord's ,supper4 ,each believing communicant is individually assured that ,christ is his ,saviour1 and that he has the forgiveness of sins1 life1 and salvation through ,christ's death4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,iii4 ,how can the bodily eating and drinking produce such great effects8 ,the eating and the drinking1 indeed1 do not produce them2 but the words which stand here1 namely1 given and shed for you for the remission of sins4 ,these words are1 besides the bodily eating and drinking1 the chief things in the sacrament2 and he who believes these words has that which they declare and set forth2 namely1 the remission of sins4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,why ,,the ,,lord',s ,,supper ,,has ,,power ,,to ,,confer ,,such ,,benefits4 ,,the ,,eating ,,and ,,the ,,drinking1 ,,indeed1 ,,do ,,not ,,produce ,,such ,,great ,,effects4 ,for bread and wine have no power in themselves to bestow spiritual blessings4 ,,but ,,the ,,words ,,which ,,stand ,,here1 ,,given ,,and ,,shed ,,for ,,you1 ,,for ,,the ,,remission ,,of ,,sins4 ,it is the ,word of ,god which gives the sacrament its power4 ,john #f3fc ,for ,christ has commanded us to use the bread and wine in this way1 and has connected the promise of forgiveness with their use4 ,without the ,word1 there would be nothing but bread and wine4 ,but ,christ fulfils the promise which ,he has bound up with the ,,bodily ,,eating ,,and ,,drinking1 and gives us1 with the bread and the wine1 ,his body and blood which were given and shed for us for the remission of sins4 ,,and ,,he ,,who ,,believes ,,these ,,words ,,has ,,that ,,which ,,they ,,declare1 ,matt4 #h3ac ,,namely1 ,,the ,,remission ,,of ,,sins4 ,forgiveness of sins1 life1 and salvation are offered to all who partake of this sacrament1 but they are accepted and possessed only by those who believe4 ,the impenitent and unbelieving1 if they come to the ,lord's ,table1 receive the body and blood of ,christ also1 but they receive it to their condemnation1 because they do not receive it with a penitent and believing heart4 ,i ,cor #aa3bi 99 99 99 99 99 ,,iv4 ,who is it that receives this sacrament worthily8 ,fasting and bodily preparation are1 indeed1 a good external discipline2 but he is truly worthy and well prepared who believes these words3 given and shed for you1 for the remission of sins4 ,but he who does not believe these words or who doubts1 is unworthy and unfit2 for the words for you require truly believing hearts4 ,,how ,,the ,,lord',s ,,supper ,,is ,,to ,,be ,,received4 ,those who come to the ,lord's ,table must prepare themselves to come worthily1 if they would receive the benefits offered in this sacrament4 ,i ,cor4 #aa3bh1 ,,ii ,cor4 #ac3e ,,fasting ,,and ,,bodily ,,preparation ,,are ,,indeed ,a ,,good ,,external ,,discipline4 ,fasting before the ,lord's ,supper is not required4 ,it may be practiced by those who desire to do so1 if they do it in order to fit themselves for a more earnest participation in the ,holy ,supper1 and not with the idea that fasting constitutes a merit1 ,the true preparation for the ,lord's ,supper is not bodily1 but spiritual4 ,joel #b3ac ,,he ,,is ,,truly ,,worthy ,,and ,,well-,,prepared1 ,,who ,,believes ,,these ,,words1 ,,given1 ,,and ,,for ,,you1 ,,for ,,the ,,remission ,,of ,,sins4 ,we are to come worthily1 not in the sense of deserving1 but of earnestly desiring the benefits offered in the sacrament4 ,we come worthily when we come with penitent and believing heart1 ,ps4 #ea3ag1 ,matt4 #aa3bh lamenting our sins1 longing for forgiveness and for strength to do better1 and believing the words spoken to us1 given and shed for thee for the remission of sins4 ,,the ,,confessional ,,service4 ,the administration of the ,lord's ,supper is always preceded by the service of confession and absolution1 so that those who desire to come to the ,lord's ,table may prepare themselves to come worthily4 ,at this service we make a public confession of our sins1 of our faith in ,christ our ,saviour1 and of our earnest determination by ,god's grace to lead a holy life4 ,since ,christ has conferred upon the ,church the ,power of the ,keys1 saying1 ,whosesoever sins ye remit1 they are remitted1 unto them1 and whosesoever sins ye retain1 they are retained1 ,john #bj3bc the minister uses this power and pronounces the absolution4 ,in the name of the ,father and of the ,son and of the ,holy ,ghost he declares to all who truly repent and believe1 the entire forgiveness of all their sins4 ,on the other hand1 to all who are impenitent and unbelieving he declares1 that their sins are retained so long as they do not come to true repentance and faith4 ,our ,church does not require private confession of sins to the pastor2 but if any one is troubled in conscience1 and desires to make confession to the minister and to obtain the comfort of an absolution pronounced specially upon him1 there is provision for private confession and absolution4 ,such private confessions are regarded by every true pastor as sacredly confidential4 7,see the ,questions on ,confession1 which form one of the additions to the ,five ,principal ,parts of the ,catechism47 ,,questions4--#a4 ,what are the benefits derived from the ,lord's ,supper8 #b4 ,where are they pointed out8 #c4 ,how have these benefits been secured for us8 #d4 ,what assurance does each communicant receive8 #e4 ,why has the ,lord's ,supper power to confer such benefits8 #f4 ,does every communicant receive the benefits offered8 #g4 ,how is the ,lord's ,supper to be received8 #h4 ,what is to be said about fasting as a preparation8 #i4 ,what is the true preparation8 #aj4 ,what is meant by receiving the ,lord's ,supper worthily8 #aa4 ,describe the confessional service8 #ab4 ,what is to be said about private confession and absolution8 ,,scripture ,,verses4--,i ,cor4 #aa3bi4 ,for he that eateth and drinketh unworthily1 eateth and drinketh damnation to himself1 not discerning the ,lord's body4 ,i ,cor4 #aa3bh4 ,but let a man examine himself1 and so let him eat of that bread1 and drink of that cup4 ,joel #b3ac4 ,and rend your heart1 and not your garments1 and turn unto the ,,lord your ,god3 for he is gracious and merciful1 slow to anger1 and of great kindness1 and repenteth him of the evil4 ,ps4 #ea3ag4 ,a broken and a contrite heart1 ,o ,god1 thou wilt not despise4 ,matt4 #aa3bh4 ,come unto me1 all ye that labour and are heavy laden1 and ,i will give you rest4 ,,reading4--,the ,wedding ,garment1 ,matt4 #bb3a-ad4