,,! ,,education ,,( ,,! ,,*ild by ,ell5 ,key ,,introductory ,,note ,edw>d ,bok1 ,editor ( ! ,ladies' ,home ,j\rnal1 writes3 ,no?+ f9] on ! wise education ( ! *ild has ev] be5 br\ght into pr9t4 ,to me ?is *apt] is a p]fect classic2 x po9ts ! way /raight = e p>5t & x %\ld f9d a place 9 e home 9 ,am]ica :]e !re is a *ild4 ,,! ,,education ,,( ,,! ,,*ild ,goe! %[$ long ago 9 8 ,w]!r a cle> und]/&+ ( ! significance ( individuali/ic & psy*ological tra9+1 an appreciation :i* w m>k ! c5tury ( ! *ild4 ,9 ?is "w he %[s h[ ! future p[] ( w lies hidd5 9 ! *>act]i/ics ( ! *ild1 & h[ along ) e fault ( ! *ild an uncorrupt$ g]m capable ( produc+ good is enclos$4 ,always1 he says1 ,i repeat ! gold5 words ( ! tea*] ( mank9d1 'if ye d n become z "o ( ^!1' & n[1 good fri5d1 ^? :o are our equals1 :om we %\ld look ^u z our models1 we treat z subjects2 !y %\ld h no w ( _! own2 d we h none8 ,:]e is our pr]ogative8 ,does x consi/ 9 ! fact t we are old] & m exp]i5c$8 ,good ,god ( ,heav56 ,?\ see/ old & "y *ildr51 no?+ else4 ,& 9 :om ,?\ ha/ m joy1 ,?y ,son ann\nc$ ages ago4 ,b p believe 9 ,him & d n he> ,him--t1 too1 is an old tr\ble1 & !y model _! *ildr5 aft] !mselves4 ,! same criticism might be appli$ to our pres5t educators1 :o con/antly h on _! tongues su* words z evolution1 individuality1 & natural t5d5cies1 b d n he$ ! new comm&m5ts 9 :i* !y say !y believe4 ,!y cont9ue to educate z if !y believ$ /ill 9 ! natural depravity ( man1 9 orig9al s91 :i* may be bridl$1 tam$1 suppress$1 b n *ang$4 ,! new belief is really equival5t to ,goe!'s ?\ghts giv5 above1 i4e41 t almo/ e fault is b a h>d %ell enclos+ ! g]m ( virtue4 ,ev5 m5 ( mod]n times /ill foll[ 9 education ! old rule ( m$ic9e1 t evil mu/ be driv5 out by evil1 in/ead ( ! new me?od1 ! sy/em ( all[+ nature quietly & sl[ly to help itself1 tak+ c>e only t ! surr\nd+ conditions help ! "w ( nature4 ,?is is education4 ,nei!r h>% nor t5d] p>5ts suspect ! tru? express$ by ,c>lyle :5 he said t ! m>ks ( a noble & orig9al temp]am5t are wild1 /rong emotions1 t mu/ be controll$ by a discipl9e z h>d z /eel4 ,p ei!r /rive to root out passions altoge!r1 or !y ab/a9 f tea*+ ! *ild to get !m "u control4 ,to suppress ! real p]sonality ( ! *ild1 & to supplant x ) ano!r p]sonality cont9ues to be a p$agogical crime common to ^? :o ann\nce l\dly t education %\ld only develop ! real individual nature ( ! *ild4 ,!y are /ill n conv9c$ t egoism on ! "p ( ! *ild is ju/ifi$4 ,j z little are !y conv9c$ ( ! possibility t evil c be *ang$ into good4 ,education mu/ be bas$ on ! c]ta9ty t faults _c be aton$ =1 or blott$ out1 b mu/ always h _! consequ5ces4 ,at ! same "t1 !re is ! o!r c]ta9ty t ?r\gh progressive evolution1 by sl[ adaptation to ! conditions ( environm5t !y may be trans=m$4 ,only :5 ?is /age is rea*$ w education beg9 to be a sci5ce & art4 ,we w !n give up all belief 9 ! miracul\s effects ( sudd5 int]f]5ce2 we %all act 9 ! psy*ological sph]e 9 accordance ) ! pr9ciple ( ! inde/ructibility ( matt]4 ,we %all nev] believe t a *>act]i/ic ( ! s\l c be de/roy$4 ,!re are b two possibilities4 ,ei!r x c be br\ght into subjection or x c be rais$ up to a high] plane4 ,madame de ,/ael's words %[ mu* insight :5 %e says t only ! p :o c play ) *ildr5 are able to educate !m4 ,= success 9 tra9+ *ildr5 ! fir/ condition is to become z a *ild oneself1 b ?is means no assum$ *ildi%ness1 no condesc5d+ baby-talk t ! *ild imm$iately sees ?r\gh & deeply abhors4 ,:at x does mean is to be z entirely & simply tak5 up ) ! *ild z ! *ild himself is absorb$ by 8 life4 ,x means to treat ! *ild z really "o's equal1 t is1 to %[ him ! same consid]ation1 ! same k9d confid5ce "o %[s to an adult4 ,x means n to influ5ce ! *ild to be :at we ourselves desire him to become b to be influ5c$ by ! impression ( :at ! *ild himself is2 n to treat ! *ild ) deception1 or by ! ex]cise ( =ce1 b ) ! s]i\sness & s9c]ity prop] to 8 own "*4 ,some:]e ,r\sseau says t all education has fail$ 9 t nature does n fa%ion p>5ts z educators nor *ildr5 = ! sake ( education4 ,:at w\ld happ5 if we f9ally succe$$ 9 foll[+ ! directions ( nature1 & recognis$ t ! great secret ( education lies hidd5 9 ! maxim1 d n educate8 ,n leav+ ! *ild 9 peace is ! greate/ evil ( pres5t-day me?ods ( tra9+ *ildr54 ,education is det]m9$ to create a beautiful _w ext]nally & int]nally 9 :i* ! *ild c gr[4 ,to let him move ab\t freely 9 ?is _w until he comes into contact ) ! p]man5t b\nd>ies ( ano!r's "r w be ! end ( ! education ( ! future4 ,only !n w adults really obta9 a deep insight into ! s\ls ( *ildr51 n[ an almo/ inaccessible k+dom4 ,= x is a natural in/9ct ( self-pres]vation :i* causes ! *ild to b> ! educator f 8 inn]mo/ nature4 ,!re is ! p]son :o asks rude que/ions2 = example1 :at is ! *ild ?9k+ ab\t8 a "q :i* almo/ inv>iably is answ]$ ) a black or a :ite lie4 ,! *ild mu/ protect himself f an educator :o w\ld ma/] 8 ?\ghts & incl9ations1 or rudely h&le !m1 :o )\t consid]ation betrays or makes ridicul\s 8 mo/ sacr$ feel+s1 :o exposes faults or praises *>act]i/ics be=e /rang]s1 or ev5 uses an op5-he>t$1 confid5tial confession z an occasion = repro( at ano!r "t4 ,! /atem5t t no human be+ le>ns to und]/& ano!r1 or at lea/ to be pati5t ) ano!r1 is true above all ( ! intimate relation ( *ild & p>5t 9 :i*1 und]/&+1 ! deepe/ *>act]i/ic ( love1 is almo/ always abs5t4 ,p>5ts d n see t dur+ ! :ole life ! ne$ ( peace is nev] great] ?an 9 ! ye>s ( *ildhood1 an inn] peace "u all ext]nal unre/4 ,! *ild has to ent] into relations ) 8 own inf9ite _w1 to conqu] x1 to make x ! object ( 8 dreams4 ,b :at does he exp]i5ce8 ,ob/acles1 int]f]5ce1 corrections1 ! :ole livelong day4 ,! *ild is always requir$ to leave some?+ alone1 or to d some?+ diff]5t1 to f9d some?+ diff]5t1 or want some?+ diff]5t f :at he does1 or f9ds1 or wants4 ,he is always %unt$ (f 9 ano!r direction f t t[>ds :i* 8 own "* is lead+ him4 ,all ( ?is is caus$ by our t5d]ness1 vigilance1 & zeal1 9 direct+1 advis+1 & help+ ! small specim5 ( humanity to become a complete example 9 a model s]ies4 ,i h he>d a ?ree-ye>-old *ild *>act]is$ z try+ because he want$ to g into ! woods1 :]eas ! nursemaid wi%$ to drag him into ! city4 ,ano!r *ild ( six ye>s 0 discipl9$ because %e _h be5 naughty to a playmate & _h call$ h] a little pig1--a natural appellation = "o :o 0 always dirty4 ,^! are typical examples ( h[ ! s\nd in/9cts ( ! *ild are dull$4 ,x 0 a spontane\s utt]ance3 ( ! *ildi% he>t :5 a small boy1 aft] an acc\nt ( ! heav5 ( good *ildr51 ask$ 8 "m :e!r %e did n believe t1 aft] he _h be5 good a :ole week 9 heav51 he might be all[$ to g to hell on ,saturday ev5+ to play ) ! bad little boys !re4 ,! *ild felt 9 its inn]mo/ consci\sness t he _h a "r to be naughty1 a fundam5tal "r :i* is accord$ to adults2 & n only to be naughty1 b to be naughty 9 peace1 to be left to ! dang]s & joys ( naught9ess4 ,to call =? f ?is unvirtue ! complim5t>y virtue is to ov]come evil ) good4 ,o!rwise we ov]come natural /r5g? by weak means & obta9 artificial virtues :i* w n /& ! te/s :i* life imposes4 ,x seems simple en\gh :5 we say t we mu/ ov]come evil ) good1 b practically no process is m involv$1 or m t$i\s1 ?an to f9d actual means to accompli% ?is end4 ,x is mu* easi] to say :at "o %all n d ?an :at "o mu/ d to *ange self-w into /r5g? ( "*1 slyness into prud5ce1 ! desire to please into amiability1 re/lessness into p]sonal initiative4 ,x c only be br\ght ab\t by recognis+ t evil1 9 s f> z x is n atavi/ic or p]v]se1 is z natural & indisp5sable z ! good1 & t x becomes a p]man5t evil only ?r\gh its "o-sid$ supremacy4 ,! educator wants ! *ild to be f9i%$ at once1 & p]fect4 ,he =ces ^u ! *ild an unnatural degree ( self-ma/]y1 a devotion to duty1 a s5se ( hon\r1 habits t adults get out ( ) a/oni%+ rapidity4 ,:]e ! faults ( *ildr5 are conc]n$1 at home & 9 s*ool1 we /ra9 at gnats1 :ile *ildr5 daily are oblig$ to swall[ ! camels ( gr[n p4 ,! art ( natural education consi/s 9 ignor+ ! faults ( *ildr5 n9e times out ( t51 9 avoid+ imm$iate int]f]5ce1 :i* is usually a mi/ake1 & devot+ "o's :ole vigilance to ! control ( ! environm5t 9 :i* ! *ild is gr[+ up1 to wat*+ ! education :i* is all[$ to g on by itself4 ,b educators :o1 day 9 & day out1 are consci\sly trans=m+ ! environm5t & !mselves are /ill a r>e product4 ,mo/ p live on ! capital & int]e/ ( an education1 :i* p]haps once made !m model *ildr51 b has depriv$ !m ( ! desire = educat+ !mselves4 ,only by keep+ oneself 9 con/ant process ( gr[?1 "u ! con/ant influ5ce ( ! be/ ?+s 9 "o's own age1 does "o become a companion half-way good en\gh = "o's *ildr54 ,to br+ up a *ild means c>ry+ "o's s\l 9 "o's h&1 sett+ "o's feet on a n>r[ pa?1 x means nev] plac+ ourselves 9 dang] ( meet+ ! cold look on ! "p ( ! *ild t tells u )\t words t he f9ds u insuffici5t & unreliable4 ,x means ! humble realisation ( ! tru? t ! ways ( injur+ ! *ild are inf9ite1 :ile ! ways ( be+ useful to him are few4 ,h[ seldom does ! educator rememb] t ! *ild1 ev5 at f\r or five ye>s ( age1 is mak+ exp]im5ts ) adults1 see+ ?r\gh !m1 ) m>vell\s %rewdness mak+ 8 own valuations & react+ s5sitively to ea* impression4 ,! slighte/ mi/ru/1 ! smalle/ unk9dness1 ! lea/ act ( inju/ice or contemptu\s ridicule1 leave w\nds t la/ = life 9 ! f9ely /rung s\l ( ! *ild4 ,:ile on ! o!r side unexpect$ fri5dl9ess1 k9d advances1 j indignation1 make q z deep an impression on ^? s5ses :i* p t]m z s(t z wax b treat z if !y 7 made ( c[hide4 ,relatively mo/ excell5t 0 ! old education :i* consi/$ solely 9 keep+ oneself :ole1 pure1 & hon\rable4 ,= x did n at lea/ depreciate p]sonality1 al?\gh x did n =m x4 ,x w\ld be well if b a hundr$? "p ( ! pa9s n[ tak5 by p>5ts 7 giv5 to int]f]5ce ) ! life ( ! *ild & ! re/ ( ! n9ety & n9e employ$ 9 lead+1 )\t int]f]5ce1 9 act+ z an un=ese51 an invisible provid5ce ?r\gh :i* ! *ild obta9s exp]i5ce1 f :i* he may draw 8 own conclusions4 ,! pres5t practice is to impress "o's own discov]ies1 op9ions1 & pr9ciples on ! *ild by con/antly direct+ 8 actions4 ,! la/ ?+ to be realis$ by ! educator is t he really has be=e him an entirely new s\l1 a real self ^: fir/ & *ief "r is to ?9k ov] ! ?+s ) :i* he comes 9 contact4 ,by a new s\l he und]/&s only a new g5]ation ( an old humanity to be treat$ ) a fre% dose ( ! old rem$y4 ,we tea* ! new s\ls n to /eal1 n to lie1 to save _! clo!s1 to le>n _! lessons1 to economise _! money1 to obey comm&s1 n to contradict old] p1 say _! pray]s1 to fight occasionally 9 ord] to be /rong4 ,b :o tea*es ! new s\ls to *oose = !mselves ! pa? !y mu/ tread8 ,:o ?9ks t ! desire = ?is pa? ( _! own c be s pr(\nd t a h>d or ev5 mild pressure t[>ds uni=mity c make ! :ole ( *ildhood a torm5t4 ,! *ild comes into life ) ! inh]itance ( ! prec$+ memb]s ( ! race2 & ?is inh]itance is modifi$ by adaptation to ! environm5t4 ,b ! *ild %[s also individual v>iations f ! type ( ! species1 & if 8 own "* is n to disappe> dur+ ! process ( adaptation1 all self-det]m9$ developm5t ( en]gy mu/ be aid$ 9 e way & only indirectly influ5c$ by ! tea*]1 :o %\ld und]/& h[ to comb9e & emphasise ! results ( ?is developm5t4 ,int]f]5ce on ! "p ( ! educator1 :e!r by =ce or p]suasion1 weak5s ?is developm5t if x does n de/roy x altoge!r4 ,! habits ( ! h\sehold1 & ! *ild's habits 9 x mu/ be absolutely fix$ if !y are to be ( any value4 ,amiel truly says t habits are pr9ciples :i* h become in/9cts1 & h pass$ ov] into fle% & blood4 ,to *ange habits1 he cont9ues1 means to attack life 9 its v ess5ce1 = life is only a web ( habits4 ,:y does ev]y?+ rema9 ess5tially ! same f g5]ation to g5]ation8 ,:y d highly civilis$ ,*ri/ian p cont9ue to plund] "o ano!r & call x ex*ange1 to murd] "o ano!r en masse1 & call x nationalism1 to oppress "o ano!r & call x /atesman%ip8 ,because 9 e new g5]ation ! impulses suppos$ to h be5 root$ out by discipl9e 9 ! *ild1 break =? aga91 :5 ! /ruggle = exi/5ce--( ! individual 9 society1 ( ! society 9 ! life ( ! /ate--beg9s4 ,^! passions are n trans=m$ by ! preval5t education ( ! day1 b only repress$4 ,practically ?is is ! reason :y n a s+le savage passion has be5 ov]come 9 humanity4 ,p]haps man-eat+ may be m5tion$ z an exception4 ,b :at is told ( ,european %ip companies or ,sib]ian prison]s %[s t ev5 ?is impulse1 "u conditions fav\rable to x1 may be reviv$1 al?\gh 9 ! majority ( p a deep physical antipa?y to man-eat+ is innate4 ,consci\s ince/1 despite simil> deviations1 mu/ also be physically contr>y to ! majority1 & 9 a numb] ( wom51 mode/y--! unity betwe5 body & s\l 9 relation to love--is an inconte/able provision ( nature4 ,s too a m9ority w\ld f9d x physically impossible to murd] or /eal4 ,) ?is li/ ,i h exhau/$ ev]y?+ :i* mank9d1 s9ce its consci\s hi/ory began1 has really s intimately acquir$ t ! a*ievem5t is pass$ on 9 its fle% & blood4 ,only ?is k9d ( conque/ c really /& up aga9/ temptation 9 e =m4 ,a deep physiological tru? is hidd5 9 ! use ( language :5 "o speaks ( un*a9$ passions2 ! passions1 "u ! prevail+ sy/em ( education1 are really only bea/s ( prey imprison$ 9 cages4 ,:ile f9e words are spok5 ab\t individual developm5t1 *ildr5 are treat$ z if _! p]sonality _h no purpose ( its own1 z if !y 7 made only = ! pleasure1 pride1 & com=t ( _! p>5ts2 & z ^! aims are be/ advanc$ :5 *ildr5 become l e "o else1 p usually beg9 by attempt+ to make !m respectable & useful memb]s ( society4 ,b ! only correct />t+ po9t1 s f> z a *ild's education 9 becom+ a social human be+ is conc]n$1 is to treat him z su*1 :ile /r5g!n+ 8 natural disposition to become an individual human be+4 ,! new educator w1 by regul>ly ord]$ exp]i5ce1 tea* ! *ild by degrees 8 place 9 ! great ord]ly sy/em ( exi/5ce2 tea* him 8 responsibility t[>ds 8 environm5t4 ,b 9 o!r respects1 none ( ! individual *>act]i/ics ( ! *ild expressive ( 8 life w be suppress$1 s long z !y d n injure ! *ild himself1 or o!rs4 ,! "r balance mu/ be kept betwe5 ,sp5c]'s def9ition ( life z an adaptation to surr\nd+ conditions1 & ,nietzs*e's def9ition ( x z ! w to secure p[]4 ,9 adaptation1 imitation c]ta9ly plays a great role1 b individual ex]cise ( p[] is j z important4 ,?r\gh adaptation life atta9s a fix$ =m2 ?r\gh ex]cise ( p[]1 new factors4 ,?\ghtful p1 z ,i h already /at$1 talk a good deal ab\t p]sonality4 ,b !y are1 nev]!less1 fill$ ) d\bts :5 _! *ildr5 are n j l all o!r *ildr52 :5 !y _c %[ 9 _! (fspr+ all ! ready-made virtues requir$ by society4 ,& s !y drill _! *ildr51 repress+ 9 *ildhood ! natural in/9cts :i* w h fre$om :5 !y are gr[n4 ,p /ill h>dly realise h[ new human be+s are =m$2 !re=e ! old types con/antly repeat !mselves 9 ! same circle1--! f9e "y m51 ! sweet girls1 ! respectable (ficials1 & s on4 ,& new types ) high] ideals1--travell]s on unkn[n pa?s1 ?9k]s ( yet un?\ght ?\ghts1 p capable ( ! crime ( inaugurat+ new ways1--su* types r>ely come into exi/5ce among ^? :o are well br\ght up4 ,nature h]self1 x is true1 repeats ! ma9 types con/antly4 ,b %e also con/antly makes small deviations4 ,9 ?is way diff]5t species1 ev5 ( ! human race1 h come into exi/5ce4 ,b man himself does n yet see ! significance ( ?is natural law 9 8 own high] developm5t4 ,he wants ! feel+s1 ?\ghts1 & judgm5ts already /amp$ ) approval to be reproduc$ by ea* new g5]ation4 ,s we get no new individuals1 b only m or less prud5t1 /upid1 amiable1 or bad-temp]$ examples ( ! g5us man4 ,! /ill liv+ in/9cts ( ! ape1 d\ble1 9 ! case ( man1 ! effect ( h]$ity4 ,cons]vatism is = ! pres5t /rong] 9 mank9d ?an ! ef=t to produce new types4 ,b ?is la/ *>act]i/ic is ! mo/ valuable4 ,! educator %\ld d any?+ b advise ! *ild to d :at ev]ybody does4 ,he %\ld r rejoice :5 he sees 9 ! *ild t5d5cies to deviation4 ,us+ o!r p's op9ion z a /&>d results 9 subord9at+ "o's self to _! w4 ,s we become a "p ( ! great mass1 l$ by ! ,sup]man ?r\gh ! /r5g? ( 8 w1 a w :i* c\ld n h ma/]$ /rong p]sonalities4 ,x has be5 ju/ly rem>k$ t individual peoples1 l ! ,engli%1 h atta9$ ! greate/ political & social fre$om1 because ! p]sonal feel+ ( indep5d5ce is f> 9 excess ( fre$om 9 a legal =m4 ,accord+ly legal fre$om has be5 con/antly gr[+4 ,= ! progress ( ! :ole ( ! species1 z well z ( society1 x is ess5tial t education %all awake ! feel+ ( indep5d5ce2 x %\ld invigorate & fav\r ! disposition to deviate f ! type 9 ^? cases :]e ! rights ( o!rs are n affect$1 or :]e deviation is n simply ! result ( ! desire to draw att5tion to oneself4 ,! *ild %\ld be giv5 ! *ance to decl>e consci5ti\sly 8 indep5d5ce ( a cu/om>y usage1 ( an ord9>y feel+1 = ?is is ! f\ndation ( ! education ( an individual1 z well z ! basis ( a collective consci5ce1 :i* is ! only k9d ( consci5ce m5 n[ h4 ,:at does hav+ an individual consci5ce mean8 ,x means submitt+ volunt>ily to an ext]nal law1 atte/$ & f\nd good by my own consci5ce4 ,x means unconditionally he$+ ! unwritt5 law1 :i* ,i lay ^u myself1 & foll[+ ?is inn] law ev5 :5 ,i mu/ /& alone aga9/ ! :ole _w4 ,x is a frequ5t ph5om5on1 we c almo/ call x a regul> "o1 t x is orig9al natures1 p>ticul>ly tal5t$ be+s1 :o are badly treat$ at home & 9 s*ool4 ,no "o consid]s ! s\rces ( conduct 9 a *ild :o %[s fe> or makes a noise1 or :o is absorb$ 9 himself1 or :o has an impetu\s nature4 ,mo!rs & tea*]s %[ 9 ?is _! pitiable incapacity = ! mo/ elem5t>y "p 9 ! art ( education1 t is1 to be able to see ) _! own eyes1 n ) p$agogical doctr9es 9 _! head4 ,i naturally expect 9 ! support]s ( society1 ) _! conv5tional morality1 no appreciation ( ! significance ( ! *ild's putt+ into ex]cise 8 own p[]s4 ,j z little is ?is to be expect$ ( ^? ,*ri/ian believ]s :o ?9k t human nature mu/ be br\ght to rep5tance & humility1 & t ! s9ful body1 ! unclean bea/1 mu/ be tam$ ) ! rod1--a !ory :i* ! ,bible is br\ght to support4 ,i am only address+ p :o c ?9k new ?\ghts & consequ5tly %\ld cease us+ old me?ods ( education4 ,?is class may reply t ! new ideas 9 education _c be c>ri$ out4 ,b ! ob/acle is simply t _! new ?\ghts h n made !m into new m52 ! old man 9 !m has nei!r repose1 nor "t1 nor pati5ce1 to =m 8 own s\l1 & t ( ! *ild1 accord+ to ! new ?\ghts4 ,^? :o h tri$ ,sp5c] & fail$1 because ,sp5c]'s me?od dem&s intellig5ce & pati5ce1 cont5d t ! *ild mu/ be taught to obey1 t tru? lies 9 ! old rule1 ,z ! twig is b5t ! tree is incl9$4 ,,b5t is ! appropriate ^w1 b5t accord+ to ! old ideal :i* ext+ui%es p]sonality1 tea*es humility & ob$i5ce4 ,b ! new ideal is t man1 to /& /raight & upright1 mu/ n be b5t at all only support$1 & s prev5t$ f be+ de=m$ by weakness4 ,"o (t5 f9ds1 9 ! mod]n sy/em ( tra9+1 ! crude desire = ma/]y /ill alive & break+ out :5 ! *ild is ob/9ate4 ,y won't6 say fa!r & "m2 ,i w tea* y :e!r y h a w4 ,i w soon drive self-w out ( y4 ,b no?+ c be driv5 out ( ! *ild2 on ! o!r h&1 mu* c be sc\rg$ into x :i* %\ld be kept f> away4 ,only dur+ ! fir/ few ye>s ( life is a k9d ( drill necess>y1 z a pre-condition to a high] tra9+4 ,! *ild is !n 9 su* a high degree controll$ by s5sation1 t a slight physical pa9 or pleasure is (t5 ! only language he fully und]/&s4 ,consequ5tly = "s *ildr5 discipl9e is an indisp5sable means ( en=c+ ! practice ( c]ta9 habits4 ,= o!r *ildr51 ! /rict] me?ods are entirely unnecess>y ev5 at ?is e>ly age1 & z soon z ! *ild c rememb] a bl[1 he is too old to receive "o4 ,! *ild mu/ c]ta9ly le>n ob$i5ce1 &1 besides1 ?is ob$i5ce mu/ be absolute4 ,if su* ob$i5ce has become habitual f ! t5d]e/ age1 a look1 a ^w1 an intonation is en\gh to keep ! *ild /raight4 ,! dissatisfaction ( ^? :o are br++ him up c only be made effective :5 x falls z a %ad[ 9 ! usual sunny atmosph]e ( home4 ,& if p refra9 f lay+ ! f\ndations ( ob$i5ce :ile ! *ild is small1 & 8 naught9ess is ent]ta9+1 ,sp5c]'s me?od und\bt$ly w be f\nd unsuitable aft] ! *ild is old] & 8 caprice disagreeable4 ,) a v small *ild1 "o %\ld n argue1 b act consi/5tly & imm$iately4 ,! ef=t ( tra9+ %\ld be direct$ at an e>ly p]iod to arrange ! exp]i5ces 9 a consi/5t :ole ( impressions accord+ to ,r\sseau & ,sp5c]'s recomm5dation4 ,s c]ta9 habits w become impress$ 9 ! fle% & blood ( ! *ild4 ,con/ant cry+ on ! "p ( small *ildr5 mu/ be correct$ :5 x has become cle> t ! cry+ is n caus$ by illness or "s o!r discom=t1--discom=ts aga9/ :i* cry+ is ! *ild's only weapon4 ,cry+ is n[ ord9>ily correct$ by bl[s4 ,b ?is does n ma/] ! w ( ! *ild1 & only produces 9 8 s\l ! idea t old] p /rike small *ildr51 :5 small *ildr5 cry4 ,?is is n an e?ical idea4 ,b :5 ! cry+ *ild is imm$iately isolat$1 & x is expla9$ to him at ! same "t t :oev] annoys o!rs mu/ n be ) !m2 if ?is isolation is ! absolute result1 & _c be avoid$1 9 ! *ild's m9d a basis is laid = ! exp]i5ce t "o mu/ be alone :5 "o makes oneself unpleasant or disagreeable4 ,9 bo? cases ! *ild is sil5c$ by int]f]+ ) 8 com=t2 b "o type ( discom=t is ! ex]cise ( =ce on 8 w2 ! o!r produces sl[ly ! self-ma/]y ( ! w1 & accompli%es ?is by a good motive4 ,"o me?od enc\rages a base emotion1 fe>4 ,! o!r corrects ! w 9 a way t comb9es x ) "o ( ! mo/ important exp]i5ces ( life4 ,! "o puni%m5t keeps ! *ild on ! level ( ! animal4 ,! o!r impresses ^u him ! great pr9ciple ( human social life1 t :5 our pleasure causes displeasure to o!rs1 o!r p h9d] u f foll[+ our pleasures2 or )draw !mselves f ! ex]cise ( our self-w4 ,x is necess>y t small *ildr5 %\ld accu/om !mselves to good behavi\r at table1 etc4 ,if e "t an act ( naught9ess is repeat$1 ! *ild is imm$iately tak5 away1 he w soon le>n t :oev] is disagreeable to o!rs mu/ rema9 alone4 ,?us a "r application is made ( a "r pr9ciple4 ,small *ildr51 too1 mu/ le>n n to t\* :at belongs to o!r p4 ,if e "t any?+ is t\*$ )\t p]mission1 *ildr5 lose _! fre$om ( action "o way or ano!r1 !y soon le>n t a condition ( _! free action is n to injure o!rs4 ,x is q true1 z a "y "m rem>k$1 t empty ,japanese rooms are ideal places 9 :i* to br+ up *ildr54 ,our mod]n cr[d$ rooms are1 s f> z *ildr5 are conc]n$1 to be condemn$4 ,dur+ ! ye> 9 :i* ! real education ( ! *ild is proce$+ by t\*+1 ta/+1 bit+1 feel+1 & s on1 e mom5t he is he>+ ! cry1 ,let x alone4 ,= ! temp]am5t ( ! *ild z well z = ! developm5t ( 8 p[]s1 ! be/ ?+ is a l>ge1 light nurs]y1 adorn$ ) h&some li?ographs1 wood-cuts1 & s on1 provid$ ) "s simple furniture1 :]e he may enjoy ! fulle/ fre$om ( movem5t4 ,b if ! *ild is !re ) 8 p>5ts & is disob$i5t1 a mom5t>y reprim& is ! be/ means to tea* him to rev]5ce ! great] _w 9 :i* ! w ( o!rs prevails1 ! _w 9 :i* ! *ild c]ta9ly c make a place = himself b mu/ also le>n t e place occupi$ by him has its limits4 ,if x is a case ( a dang]1 :i* x is desirable t ! *ild %\ld really dread1 we mu/ all[ ! ?+ itself to h an al>m+ influ5ce4 ,:5 a "m /rikes a *ild because he t\*es ! light1 ! result is t he does ?is aga9 :5 ! "m is away4 ,b let him burn himself ) ! light1 !n he is c]ta9 to leave x alone4 ,9 rip] ye>s :5 a boy misuses a knife1 a toy1 or some?+ simil>1 ! loss ( ! object = ! "t be+ mu/ be ! puni%m5t4 ,mo/ boys w\ld pref] corporal puni%m5t to ! loss ( _! fav\rite possession4 ,b only ! loss ( x w be a real education ?r\gh exp]i5ce ( "o ( ! inevitable rules ( life1 an exp]i5ce :i* _c be too /rongly impress$4 ,we he> p>5ts :o h begun ) ,sp5c] & !n h tak5 to corporal puni%m5t decl>e t :5 *ildr5 are too small to repair ! clo?+ :i* !y h torn !re mu/ be "s o!r k9d ( puni%m5t4 ,b at t age !y %\ld n be puni%$ at all = su* ?+s4 ,!y %\ld h su* simple & /rong clo!s t !y c play freely 9 !m4 ,lat] on1 :5 !y c be really c>eful1 ! natural puni%m5t w\ld be to h ! *ild rema9 at home if he is c>eless1 has spott$ 8 clo!s1 or torn !m4 ,he mu/ be %[n t he mu/ help to put 8 clo!s 9 good condition aga91 or t he w be compell$ to buy :at he has de/roy$ c>elessly ) money e>n$ by himself4 ,if ! *ild is n c>eful1 he mu/ /ay at home1 :5 ord9>ily all[$ to g out1 or eat alone if he is too late = meals4 ,x may be said t !re are simple means by :i* all ! important habits ( social life may become a second nature4 ,b x is n possible 9 all cases to apply ,sp5c]'s me?od4 ,! natural consequ5ces occasionally endang] ! heal? ( ! *ild1 or sometimes are too sl[ 9 _! action4 ,if x seems necess>y to int]f]e directly1 su* action mu/ be consi/5t1 quick1 & immutable4 ,h[ is x t ! *ild le>ns v soon t fire burns8 ,because fire does s always4 ,b ! "m :o at "o "t /rikes1 at ano!r ?reat5s1 at ano!r bribes ! *ild1 fir/ =bids & !n imm$iately aft] p]mits "s action2 :o does n c>ry out h] ?reat1 does n compel ob$i5ce1 b con/antly gabbles & scolds2 :o sometimes acts 9 "o way & j z (t5 9 ano!r1 has n le>n$ ! effective educational me?ods ( ! fire4 ,! old-fa%ion$ /rict tra9+ t 9 its crude way gave to ! "* a fix$ type re/$ on its consi/5t qualities4 ,x 0 consi/5tly /rict1 n z at pres5t a lax hesitation betwe5 all k9ds ( p$agogical me?ods & psy*ological op9ions1 9 :i* ! *ild is ?r[n ab\t "h & !re l a ball1 9 ! h&s ( gr[n p2 at "o "t pu%$ =w>d1 !n laugh$ at1 !n pu%$ aside1 only to be br\ght back aga91 kiss$ till x1 is disgu/$1 fir/ ord]$ ab\t1 & !n coax$4 ,a gr[n man w\ld become insane if jok+ ,titans treat$ him = a s+le day z a *ild is treat$ = a ye>4 ,a *ild %\ld n be ord]$ ab\t1 b %\ld be j z c\rte\sly address$ z a gr[n p]son 9 ord] t he may le>n c\rtesy4 ,a *ild %\ld nev] be pu%$ into notice1 nev] compell$ to endure c>esses1 nev] ov]:elm$ ) kisses1 :i* ord9>ily torm5t him & are (t5 ! cause ( sexual hyp]ae/hesia4 ,! *ild's demon/rations ( affection %\ld be reciprocat$ :5 !y are s9c]e1 b "o's own demon/rations %\ld be res]v$ = special occasions4 ,?is is "o ( ! _m excell5t maxims ( tra9+ t are disreg>d$4 ,nor %\ld ! *ild be =c$ to express regret 9 begg+ p>don & ! l4 ,?is is excell5t tra9+ = hypocrisy4 ,a small *ild once _h be5 rude to 8 eld] bro!r & 0 plac$ ^u a *air to rep5t 8 fault4 ,:5 ! "m aft] a "t ask$ if he 0 sorry1 he answ]$1 ,yes1 ) emphasis1 b z ! "m saw a mut9\s sp>kle 9 8 eyes %e felt impell$ to ask1 ,sorry = :at8 & ! y\ng/] broke out1 ,sorry t ,i did n call him a li> besides4 ,! "m 0 wise en\gh on ?is occasion1 & ev] aft]1 to give up insi/+ on rep5tance4 ,spontane\s p5it5ce is full ( significance1 x is a deeply felt desire = p>don4 ,b an artificial emotion is always & ev]y:]e wor?less4 ,are y n sorry8 ,does x make no diff]5ce to y t y\r "m is ill1 y\r bro!r dead1 y\r fa!r away f home8 ,su* expressions are (t5 us$ z an appeal to ! emotions ( *ildr54 ,b *ildr5 h a "r to h feel+s1 or n h !m1 & to h !m z undi/urb$ z gr[n p4 ,! same holds good ( _! sympa?ies & antipa?ies4 ,! s5sitive feel+s ( *ildr5 are con/antly injur$ by lack ( consid]ation on ! "p ( gr[n p1 _! easily /imulat$ av]sions are con/antly be+ br\ght out4 ,b ! suff]+s ( *ildr5 ?r\gh ! crud5ess ( _! eld]s belong to an unwritt5 *apt] ( *ild psy*ology4 ,j z !re are few bett] me?ods ( tra9+ ?an to ask *ildr51 :5 !y h behav$ unju/ly to o!rs1 to consid] :e!r x w\ld be pleasant = !m to be treat$ 9 t way1 s !re is no bett] corrective = ! tra9] ( *ildr5 ?an ! habit ( ask+ oneself1 9 "q small & great1--,w\ld ,i cons5t to be treat$ z ,i h j treat$ my *ild8 ,if x 7 only rememb]$ t ! *ild g5]ally suff]s d\ble z mu* z ! adult1 p>5ts w\ld p]haps le>n physical & psy*ical t5d]ness )\t :i* a *ild's life is a con/ant torm5t4 ,z to pres5ts1 ! same pr9ciple holds good z ) emotions & m>ks ( t5d]ness4 ,only by example c g5]\s in/9cts be provok$4 ,above all ! *ild %\ld n be all[$ to h ?+s :i* he imm$iately gives away4 ,gifts to a *ild %\ld always imply a p]sonal requital = "w or sacrifice4 ,9 ord] to secure = *ildr5 ! pleasure ( giv+ & ! opportunity ( obta9+ small pleasures & enjoym5ts1 z well z ( replac+ prop]ty ( _! own or ( o!rs :i* !y may h de/roy$1 !y %\ld at an e>ly age be accu/om$ to p]=m s]i\sly c]ta9 h\sehold duties = :i* !y receive "s small remun]ation4 ,b small occasional s]vices1 :e!r volunte]$ or ask$ = by o!rs1 %\ld nev] be rew>d$4 ,only read9ess to s]ve1 )\t paym5t1 develops ! joy ( g5]osity4 ,:5 ! *ild wants to give away some?+1 p %\ld n make a pres5ce ( receiv+ x4 ,?is produces ! false conception 9 8 m9d t ! pleasure ( be+ g5]\s c be _h = no?+4 ,at e /ep ! *ild %\ld be all[$ to meet ! real exp]i5ces ( life2 ! ?orns %\ld nev] be pluck$ f 8 roses4 ,?is is :at is lea/ und]/ood 9 pres5t-day tra9+4 ,?us we see reasonable me?ods con/antly fail+4 ,p f9d !mselves =c$ to afflictive me?ods :i* /& 9 no relation ) ! realities ( life4 ,i mean1 above all1 :at are /ill call$ means ( education1 in/ead ( means ( torture1--bl[s4 ,_m p ( to-day def5d bl[s1 ma9ta9+ t !y are mild] means ( puni%m5t ?an ! natural consequ5ces ( an act2 t bl[s h ! /ronge/ effect on ! memory1 :i* effect becomes p]man5t ?r\gh association ( ideas4 ,b :at k9ds ( association8 ,is x n ) physical pa9 & %ame8 ,gradually1 /ep by /ep1 ?is me?od ( tra9+ & discipl9e has be5 sup]s$$ 9 all its =ms4 ,! movem5t to aboli% torture1 imprisonm5t1 & corporal puni%m5t fail$ = a long "t ow+ to ! conviction t !y 7 indisp5sable z me?ods ( discipl9e4 ,b ! *ild1 p answ]1 is /ill an animal1 he mu/ be br\ght up z an animal4 ,^? :o talk 9 ?is way "k no?+ ( *ildr5 nor ( animals4 ,ev5 animals c be tra9$ )\t /rik+ !m1 b !y c only be tra9$ by m5 :o h become m5 !mselves4 ,o!rs come =w>d ) ! doctr9e t t]ror & pa9 h be5 ! be/ means ( educat+ mank9d1 s ! *ild mu/ pursue ! same road z humanity4 ,?is is an utt] absurdity4 ,we %\ld also1 on ?is !ory1 tea* our *ildr51 z a natural introduction to religion1 to practice feti% wor%ip4 ,if ! *ild is to reproduce all ! l[] developm5t /ages ( ! race1 he w\ld be practically depress$ b5ea? ! level :i* he has rea*$ physiologically & psy*ologically ?r\gh ! common inh]itance ( ! race4 ,if we h ab&on$ torture & pa9ful puni%m5ts = adults1 :ile !y are reta9$ = *ildr51 x is because we h n yet se5 t _! s\l life s f> z a great] & m subtle capacity = suff]+ is conc]n$ has made ! same progress z t ( adult mank9d4 ,! num]\s cases ( *ild suicide 9 ! la/ decade 7 (t5 ! result ( fe> ( corporal puni%m5t2 or h tak5 place aft] its adm9i/ration4 ,bo? s\l & body are equally affect$ by ?is practice4 ,:]e ?is is n ! result1 bl[s h ev5 m dang]\s consequ5ces4 ,!y t5d to dull /ill fur!r ! feel+ ( %ame1 to increase ! brutality or c[>dice ( ! p]son puni%$4 ,i once he>d a *ild po9t$ out 9 a s*ool z be+ s unruly t x 0 g5]ally agre$ he w\ld be b5efit$ by a flogg+4 ,!n x 0 discov]$ t 8 fa!r's flogg+ at home _h made him :at he 04 ,if /ati/ics 7 prep>$ ( ru9$ sons1 ^? :o _h be5 flogg$ w\ld c]ta9ly be m num]\s ?an ^? :o _h be5 pamp]$4 ,society has gradually giv5 up employ+ retributive puni%m5ts because p h se5 t !y nei!r awak5 ! feel+ ( guilt1 nor act z a det]r5t1 b on ! contr>y retribution appli$ by equal to equal brutalises ! ideas ( "r1 h>d5s ! temp]1 & /imulates ! victim to ex]cise ! same viol5ce t[>ds o!rs t has be5 endur$ by himself4 ,b o!r rules are appli$ to ! psy*ological processes ( ! *ild4 ,:5 a *ild /rikes 8 small si/] ! "m /rikes him & believes t he w see & und]/& ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! bl[s he gets & ^? he gives1 t he w see t ! "o is a j puni%m5t & ! o!r vici\s conduct4 ,b ! *ild is a %>p logician & feels t ! action is j ! same1 al?\gh ! "m gives x a diff]5t "n4 ,corporal puni%m5t 0 long ago admirably describ$ by ,com5ius1 :o comp>$ an educator us+ ?is me?od ) a musician /rik+ a badly tun$ in/rum5t ) 8 fi/1 in/ead ( us+ 8 e>s & 8 h&s to put x into tune4 ,^! brutal attacks "w on ! active s5sitive feel+s1 lac]at+ & confus+ !m4 ,!y h no educative p[] on all ! innum]able f9e processes 9 ! life ( ! *ild's s\l1 on _! obscurely relat$ comb9ations4 ,9 ord] to give real tra9+1 ! fir/ ?+ aft] ! second or ?ird ye> is to ab&on ! v ?\ght ( a bl[ among ! possibilities ( education4 ,x is be/ if p>5ts1 z soon z ! *ild is born1 agree nev] to /rike him1 = if !y once beg9 ) ?is conv5i5t & easy me?od1 !y cont9ue to use corporal discipl9e ev5 contr>y to _! fir/ int5tion1 because !y h fail$ :ile us+ su* puni%m5t to develop ! *ild's intellig5ce4 ,if p d n see ?is x is no m use to speak to !m ( education ?an x w\ld be to talk to a cannibal ab\t ! _w's peace4 ,b z ^! savages 9 educational matt]s are (t5 civilis$ human be+s 9 o!r respects1 ,i %\ld l to reque/ !m to ?9k ov] ! developm5t ( m>riage f ! "t :5 man woo$ ) a club & :5 woman 0 reg>d$ z ! s\lless prop]ty ( man1 only to be kept 9 ord] by bl[s1 a view :i* cont9u$ to be held until mod]n times4 ,?r\gh a ?\s& daily secret influ5ces1 our feel+s & ideas h be5 s trans=m$ t ^! crude conceptions h disappe>$1 to ! great advantage ( society & ! individual4 ,b x may be h>d to awak5 a p$agogical savage to ! conviction t1 9 q ! same way1 a ?\s& new secret & mighty influ5ces w *ange our crude me?ods ( education1 :5 p>5ts once come to see t p>5?ood mu/ g ?r\gh ! same trans=mation z m>riage1 be=e x atta9s to a noble & complete developm5t4 ,only :5 m5 realise t :ipp+ a *ild belongs to ! same l[ /age ( civilisation z beat+ a woman1 or a s]vant1 or z ! corporal puni%m5t ( soldi]s & crim9als1 w ! fir/ real prep>ation beg9 ( ! mat]ial f :i* p]haps lat] an educator may be =m$4 ,corporal puni%m5t 0 natural 9 r\gh times4 ,! body is tangible2 :at affects x has an imm$iate & p]ceptible result4 ,! heat ( passion is cool$ by ! bl[s x adm9i/]s2 9 a c]ta9 /age ( developm5t bl[s are ! natural expression ( moral indignation1 ! direct me?od by :i* ! moral w impresses itself on be+s ( l[] capacities4 ,b x has s9ce be5 discov]$ t ! s\l may be impress$ by spiritual means1 & t bl[s are j z demoralis+ = ! "o :o gives !m z = ! "o :o receives !m4 ,! educator1 too1 is apt to =get t ! *ild 9 _m cases has z few moral conceptions z ! animal or ! savage4 ,to puni% = ?is--is only a cruelty1 & to puni% by brutal me?ods is a piece ( /upidity4 ,x works aga9/ ! possibility ( elevat+ ! *ild beyond ! level ( ! bea/ or ! savage4 ,! educator to ^: m9d flogg+ nev] pres5ts itself1 ev5 z an occasional res\rce1 w naturally direct 8 :ole ?\ght to f9d+ psy*ological me?ods ( education4 ,adm9i/]+ corporal puni%m5t demoralises & /upefies ! educator1 = x increases 8 ?\ghtlessness1 n 8 pati5ce1 8 brutality1 n 8 intellig5ce4 ,a small boy fri5d ( m9e :5 f\r ye>s old receiv$ 8 fir/ puni%m5t ( ?is k9d2 happily x 0 8 only "o4 ,z 8 nurse rem9d$ him 9 ! ev5+ to say 8 pray]s he broke out1 ,yes1 to-night ,i really h some?+ to tell ,god1 & pray$ ) deep e>ne/ness1 ,de> ,god1 te> mamma's arms out s t %e _c beat me any m4 ,no?+ w\ld m effectively fur!r ! developm5t ( education ?an = all flogg+ p$agogues to meet ?is fate4 ,!y w\ld !n le>n to educate ) ! head in/ead ( ) ! h&4 ,& z to public educators1 ! tea*]s1 _! position c\ld be no bett] rais$ ?an by legally =bidd+ a bl[ to be adm9i/]$ 9 any s*ool "u p5alty ( f9al loss ( position4 ,t p :o are 9 o!r respects intellig5t & s5sitive cont9ue to def5d flogg+1 is due to ! fact t mo/ educators h only a v elem5t>y conception ( _! "w4 ,!y %\ld con/antly keep be=e !m ! feel+s & impressions ( _! own *ildhood 9 deal+ ) *ildr54 ,! mo/ frequ5t z well z ! mo/ dang]\s ( ! num]\s mi/akes made 9 h&l+ *ildr5 is t p d n rememb] h[ !y felt !mselves at a simil> age1 t !y d n reg>d & compreh5d ! feel+s ( ! *ild f _! own pa/ po9t ( view4 ,! adult laughs or smiles 9 rememb]+ ! puni%m5ts & o!r ?+s :i* caus$ him 9 8 *ildhood anxi\s days or nights1 :i* produc$ ! sil5t torture ( ! *ild's he>t1 inf9ite despond5cy1 burn+ indignation1 lonely fe>s1 outrag$ s5se ( ju/ice1 ! t]rible creations ( 8 imag9ation1 8 absurd %ame1 8 unsatisfi$ ?ir/ = joy1 fre$om1 & t5d]ness4 ,lack+ ^! b5efic5t memories1 adults con/antly repeat ! crime ( de/roy+ ! *ildhood ( ! new g5]ation1--! only "t 9 life 9 :i* ! gu>dian ( education c really be a k9dly provid5ce4 ,s /rongly d ,i feel t ! unnecess>y suff]+s ( *ildr5 are unnatural z well z ignoble t ,i exp]i5ce physical disgu/ 9 t\*+ ! h& ( a human be+ t ,i "k has /ruck a *ild2 & ,i _c close my eyes aft] ,i h he>d a *ild 9 ! /reet ?reat5$ ) corporal puni%m5t4 ,bl[s call =? ! virtues ( slaves1 n ^? ( freem54 ,z e>ly z ,wal!r von d] ,vogelweide1 x 0 kn[n t ! hon\rable man respects a ^w m ?an a bl[4 ,! ex]cise ( physical =ce deliv]s ! weak & unprotect$ into ! h&s ( ! /rong4 ,a *ild nev] believes 9 8 he>t1 ?\gh he may be br\ght to ackn[l$ge v]bally1 t ! bl[s 7 due to love1 t !y 7 adm9i/]$ because !y 7 necess>y4 ,! *ild is too ke5 n to "k t su* a mu/ does n exi/1 & t love c express itself 9 a bett] way4 ,lack ( self-discipl9e1 ( intellig5ce1 ( pati5ce1 ( p]sonal ef=t--^! are ! corn]-/ones on :i* corporal puni%m5t re/s4 ,i d n n[ ref] to ! sy/em ( flogg+ employ$ by mis]able p ye> 9 & ye> out at home1 or1 p>ticul>ly 9 s*ools1 t ( beat+ *ildr5 outrage\sly1 or to ! limits ( brutality4 ,i d n mean ev5 ! less brutal bl[s adm9i/]$ by undiscipl9$ tea*]s & p>5ts1 :o av5ge !mselves 9 excesses ( passion or fatigue or disgu/1--bl[s :i* are simply ! active expression ( a t5sion ( n]ves1 a dete/able evid5ce ( ! want ( self-discipl9e & selfculture4 ,/ill less d ,i ref] to ! cruelties committ$ by mon/]s1 sexual p]v]ts1 ^: brutal t5d5cies are /imulat$ by _! discipl9>y p[] & :o use x to =ce _! victims to sil5ce1 z c]ta9 crim9al trials h %[n4 ,i am only speak+ ( consci5ti\s1 amiable p>5ts & tea*]s :o1 ) pa9 to !mselves1 fulfil :at !y reg>d z _! duty to ! *ild4 ,^! are accu/om$ to adduce ! good effects ( corporal discipl9e z a pro( t x _c be disp5s$ )4 ,! *ild by be+ :ipp$ is1 !y say1 n only made good b fre$ f 8 evil "*1 & %[s by 8 :ole be+ t ?is quick & summ>y me?od ( puni%m5t has done m ?an talks1 & pati5ce1 & ! sl[ly work+ p5alties ( exp]i5ce4 ,examples are adduc$ to prove t only ?is k9d ( puni%m5t breaks d[n ob/9acy1 cures ! habit ( ly+ & ! l4 ,^? :o adopt ?is sy/em d n p]ceive t !y h only succe$$1 ?r\gh ?is mom5t>ily effective means1 9 repress+ ! ext]nal expression ( an evil w4 ,!y h n succe$$ 9 trans=m+ ! w itself4 ,x requires con/ant vigilance1 daily self-discipl9e1 to create an ev] high] capacity = ! discov]y ( intellig5t me?ods4 ,! fault t is repress$ is c]ta9 to appe> on e occasion :5 ! *ild d>es to %[ x4 ,! educator :o f9ds 9 corporal puni%m5t a %ort way to get rid ( tr\ble1 leads ! *ild a long way r\nd1 if we h ! only real developm5t 9 view1 namely t :i* gradually /r5g!ns ! *ild's capacity = self-control4 ,i h nev] he>d a *ild ov] ?ree ye>s old ?reat5$ ) corporal puni%m5t )\t notic+ t ?is wond]fully moral me?od _h an equally bad influ5ce on p>5ts & *ildr54 ,! same c be said ( mild] k9ds ( folly1 coax+ *ildr5 by ext]nal rew>ds4 ,i h se5 "s *ildr5 coax$ to take ba?s & o!rs compell$ by ?reats4 ,b 9 nei!r case 0 _! c\rage1 or self-control1 or /r5g? ( w increas$4 ,only :5 "o is able to make ! ba? itself attractive is t en]gy ( w develop$ t ga9s a victory ov] ! feel+ ( fe> or discom=t & produces a real e?ical impression1 viz41 t virtue is its own rew>d4 ,:]ev] a *ild is det]r$ f a bad habit or fault by corporal puni%m5t1 a real e?ical result is n rea*$4 ,! *ild has only le>nt to fe> an unpleasant consequ5ce1 :i* lacks real connection ) ! ?+ itself1 a consequ5ce x well kn[s c\ld h be5 abs5t4 ,su* fe> is z f> remov$ z heav5 f ! conviction t ! good is bett] ?an ! bad4 ,! *ild soon becomes conv9c$ t ! disagreeable accompanim5t is no necess>y result ( ! action1 t by great] clev]ness ! puni%m5t might h be5 avoid$4 ,?us ! physical puni%m5t increases deception n morality4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( humanity ! effect ( ! tea*+ ab\t hell & fe> ( hell illu/rates ! sort ( morality produc$ 9 *ildr5's s\ls by corporal puni%m5t1 t inf]no ( *ildhood4 ,only ) ! greate/ tr\ble1 sl[ly & unconsci\sly1 is ! conviction ( ! sup]iority ( ! good e/abli%$4 ,! good comes to be se5 z m productive ( happ9ess to ! individual himself & 8 environm5t4 ,s ! *ild le>ns to love ! good4 ,by tea*+ ! *ild t puni%m5t is a consequ5ce drawn ^u oneself he le>ns to avoid ! cause ( puni%m5t4 ,despite all ! new talk ( individuality ! greate/ mi/ake 9 tra9+ *ildr5 is /ill t ( treat+ ! *ild z an ab/ract conception1 z an inorganic or p]sonal mat]ial to be =m$ & trans=m$ by ! h&s ( ^? :o are educat+ him4 ,he is beat51 & x is ?\ght t ! :ole effect ( ! bl[ /ops at ! mom5t :5 ! *ild is prev5t$ f be+ bad4 ,he has1 x is ?\ght1 a p[]ful rem9d] aga9/ future bad behavi\r4 ,p no n suspect t ?is viol5t int]f]5ce 9 ! physical & psy*ical life ( ! *ild may h lifelong effects4 ,z f> back z =ty ye>s ago1 a writ] %[$ t corporal puni%m5t _h ! mo/ p[]ful somatic /imulative effects4 ,! flagellation ( ! ,middle ,ages is kn[n to h _h su* results2 & if ,i c\ld publi% :at ,i h he>d f adults z to ! effect ( corporal puni%m5t on !m1 or :at ,i h obs]v$ 9 *ildr51 ?is alone w\ld be decisive 9 do+ away ) su* puni%m5t 9 its crude/ =m4 ,x v deeply influ5ces ! p]sonal mode/y ( ! *ild4 ,?is %\ld be pres]v$ above ev]y?+ z ! ma9 factor 9 ! developm5t ( ! feel+ ( purity4 ,! fa!r :o puni%es 8 daught] 9 ?is way des]ves to see h] "s day a fall5 woman4 ,he injures h] in/9ctive feel+ ( ! sanctity ( h] body1 an in/9ct :i* ev5 9 ! case ( a small *ild c be passionately pr(\nd4 ,only :5 e infr+em5t ( sanctity 7=cible c>ess+ is z bad z a bl[7 evokes an en]getic1 in/9ctive repulsion1 is ! nature ( ! *ild pr\d & pure4 ,*ildr5 :o /rike back :5 !y are puni%$ h ! mo/ promis+ *>act]s ( all4 ,num]\s are ! cases 9 :i* bodily puni%m5t c occasion irrem$iable damage1 n suspect$ by ! p]son :o adm9i/]s x1 ?\gh he may triumphantly decl>e h[ ! puni%m5t 9 ! specific case has help$4 ,mo/ adults feel free to tell h[ a :ipp+ has injur$ !m 9 "o way or ano!r1 b :5 !y take up ! tra9+ ( _! own *ildr5 !y dep5d on ! effect ( su* *a/isem5t4 ,:at burn+ bitt]ness & desire = v5geance1 :at can9e fawn+ flatt]y1 does n corporal puni%m5t call =?4 ,x makes ! lazy lazi]1 ! ob/9ate m ob/9ate1 ! h>d1 h>d]4 ,x /r5g!ns ^? two emotions1 ! root ( almo/ all evil 9 ! _w1 hatr$ & fe>4 ,& z long z bl[s are made synonym\s ) education1 bo? ( ^! emotions w keep _! ma/]y ov] m54 ,"o ( ! mo/ frequ5t occasions = rec\rse to ?is puni%m5t is ob/9acy1 b :at is call$ ob/9acy is only fe> or incapacity4 ,! *ild repeats a false answ]1 is ?reat5$ ) bl[s1 & aga9 repeats x j because he is afraid n to say ! "r ?+4 ,he is /ruck & !n answ]s rightly4 ,?is is a triumph ( education2 refractor9ess is ov]come4 ,b :at has happ5$8 ,increas$ fe> has l$ to a /rong ef=t ( ?\ght1 to a mom5t>y increase ( self-control4 ,! next day ! *ild w v likely repeat ! fault4 ,:]e !re is real ob/9acy on ! "p ( *ildr51 ,i "k ( cases :5 corporal puni%m5t has fill$ !m ) ! lu/ to kill1 ei!r !mselves or ! p]son :o /rikes !m4 ,on ! o!r h& ,i "k ( o!rs1 :]e a "m has br\ght an ob/9ate *ild to rep5tance & self-ma/]y by hold+ him quietly & calmly on h] knees4 ,h[ _m untrue confessions h be5 =c$ by fe> ( bl[s2 h[ mu* d>+ passion = action1 _s ( adv5ture1 play ( fancy1 & /imulus to discov]y has be5 repress$ by ?is same fe>4 ,ev5 :]e bl[s d n cause ly+1 !y always h9d] absolute /raight=w>dness & ! d[n-"r p]sonal c\rage to %[ oneself z "o is4 ,z long z ! ^w bl[ is us$ at all 9 a home1 no p]fect hon\r w be f\nd 9 *ildr54 ,s long z ! home & ! s*ool use ?is me?od ( education1 brutality w be develop$ 9 ! *ild himself at ! co/ ( humanity4 ,! *ild uses on animals1 on 8 "y bro!rs & si/]s1 on 8 comrades1 ! me?ods appli$ to himself4 ,he puts 9 practice ! same argum5t1 t badness mu/ be cur$ ) bl[s4 ,only *ildr5 accu/om$ to be treat$ mildly1 le>n to see t influ5ce c be ga9$ )\t us+ =ce4 ,to see ?is is "o ( man's privileges1 sacrific$ by man ?r\gh desc5d+ to ! me?ods ( ! brute4 ,only by ! *ild see+ 8 tea*] always & ev]y:]e ab/a9+ f ! use ( actual =ce1 w he come himself to despise =ce on all ^? occasions :i* d n involve ! def5ce ( a weak] p]son aga9/ physical sup]iority4 ,! f\ndation ( ! desire = w> is to be s\ght = less 9 ! w> games ?an 9 ! tea*]s' rod4 ,to def5d corporal discipl9e1 *ildr5's own /atem5ts are br\ght 9 evid5ce1 !y are report$ z say+ !y knew !y des]v$ su* discipl9e 9 ord] to be made good4 ,!re is no l[] example ( hypocrisy 9 human nature ?an ?is4 ,x is true ! *ild may be s9c]e 9 o!r cases 9 say+ t he feels t ?r\gh puni%m5t he has aton$ = a fault :i* 0 weigh+ ^u 8 consci5ce4 ,b ?is is really ! f\ndation ( a false sy/em ( e?ics1 ! k9d :i* /ill cont9ues to be prea*$ z ,*ri/ian1 namely2 t a fault may be aton$ = by suff]+s :i* are n directly connect$ ) ! fault4 ,! basis ( ! new morality is j ! opposite z ,i h already %[n4 ,x tea*es t no fault c be aton$ =1 t no "o c escape ! results ( 8 actions 9 any way4 ,untru?fulness belongs to ! faults :i* ! tea*] ?9ks he mu/ mo/ frequ5tly puni% ) bl[s4 ,b !re is no case 9 :i* ?is me?od is m dang]\s4 ,:5 ! mu*-ne$$ guide-book = p>5ts is publi%$1 ! well-kn[n /ory ( ,george ,wa%+ton & ! hat*et mu/ appe> 9 x1 accompani$ by ! rem>k :i* a clev] t5-ye>-old *ild add$ to ! anecdote3 ,x is no tr\ble tell+ ! tru? :5 "o has su* a k9d fa!r4 ,i =m]ly divid$ untru?fulness into unwill+1 %ameless1 & imag9ative lies4 ,a %ort "t ago ,i ran across a mu* bett] division ( ly+2 fir/ cold lies1 t is1 fully consci\s untru?fulness :i* mu/ be puni%$1 & hot lies2 ! expression ( an excit$ temp]am5t or ( a vigor\s fancy4 ,i agree ) ! au?or ( ?is di/9ction t ! la/ %\ld n be puni%$ b correct$1 ?\gh n ) a p$antic rule ( ?umb measure1 bas$ on h[ mu* x exce$s or falls %ort ( tru?4 ,x is to be cur$ by ridicule1 a dang]\s me?od ( education 9 g5]al1 b useful :5 "o obs]ves t ?is type ( untru?fulness ?reat5s to develop into real untru/wor?9ess4 ,9 deal+ ) ^! faults we are v /rict t[>ds *ildr51 s /rict t no lawy]1 no politician1 no j\rnali/1 no poet1 c\ld ex]cise 8 pr(ession if ! same /&>d 7 appli$ to !m z to *ildr54 ,! :ite lie is1 z a ,fr5* sci5ti/ has %[n1 p>tly caus$ by pure morbidness1 p>tly ?r\gh "s defect 9 ! conception4 ,x is due to an empty space1 a dead po9t 9 memory1 or 9 consci\sness1 t produces a defective idea or gives "o no idea at all ( :at has happ5$4 ,9 ! affairs ( ev]yday life ! adults are (t5 mi/ak5 z to _! int5tions or acts4 ,!y may h =gott5 ab\t _! actions1 & x requires a /rong ef=t ( memory to call !m back into _! m9ds2 or !y sugge/ to !mselves t !y h done1 or n done1 some?+4 ,9 all ( ^! cases1 if !y 7 =c$ to give a di/9ct answ]1 !y w\ld lie4 ,9 e case ( ?is k9d1 :]e a *ild is conc]n$1 ! lie is assum$ to be a consci\s "o1 & :5 on be+ submitt$ to a /rict cross-exam9ation1 he hesitates1 becomes confus$1 & blu%es1 x is look$ ^u z a pro( t he kn[s he has be5 tell+ an untru?1 al?\gh z a rule !re has be5 no in/ance ( untru?fulness1 except ! f9ally extort$ confession f ! *ild t he has li$4 ,yet 9 all ^! complicat$ psy*ological problems1 corporal puni%m5t is treat$ z a solution4 ,! *ild :o nev] he>s ly+ at home1 :o does n see exagg]at$ weight plac$ on small1 m]ely ext]nal ?+s1 :o is n made c[>dly by fe>1 :o he>s consci\s lies always spok5 ( ) contempt1 w get out ( ! habit ( untru?fulness simply by psy*ological means4 ,fir/ he w f9d t untru?fulness causes a/oni%m5t1 & a repetition ( x1 scorn & lack ( confid5ce4 ,b ^! me?ods %\ld n be appli$ to untru?fulness caus$ by di/ress or by ri*ness ( imag9ation2 or to su* cases z orig9ate f ! obscure m5tal ideas not$ above1 ideas ^: connection ) "o ano!r ! *ild _c make cle> to himself4 ,! cold untru? on ! o!r h&1 mu/ be puni%$2 fir/ by go+ ov] x ) ! *ild1 !n lett+ him exp]i5ce its effect 9 lack ( confid5ce1 :i* w only be re/or$ :5 ! *ild %[s decid$ improvem5t 9 ?is reg>d4 ,x is ( ! greate/ importance to %[ *ildr5 full & unlimit$ confid5ce1 ev5 ?\gh "o quietly ma9ta9s an attitude ( al]t wat*fulness2 = cont9u\s & undes]v$ mi/ru/ is j z demoralis+ z bl9d & easy confid5ce4 ,no "o :o has be5 beat5 = ly+ le>ns by x to love tru?4 ,! accuracy ( ?is pr9ciple is illu/rat$ by adults :o despise corporal puni%m5t 9 _! *ildhood yet cont9ue to tell untru?s by ^w & de$4 ,fe> may keep ! *ild f te*nical untru?1 b fe> also produces untru/wor?9ess4 ,^? :o h be5 beat5 9 *ildhood = ly+ h (t5 suff]$ a s]i\s injury immeasurably great] ?an ! direct lie4 ,! true/ m5 ,i ev] knew lie volunt>ily & involunt>ily2 :ile o!rs :o might nev] be caught 9 a lie are ?or\ghly false4 ,?is corruption ( p]sonality beg9s frequ5tly at ! t5d]e/ age "u ! influ5ce ( e>ly tra9+4 ,*ildr5 are giv5 untrue motives1 half-true in=mation2 are ?reat5$1 admoni%$4 ,! *ild's w1 ?\ght1 & feel+ are oppress$2 aga9/ ?is treatm5t di%one/y is ! readie/ me?od ( def5ce4 ,9 ?is way educators :o make tru? _! highe/ aim1 make *ildr5 untru?ful4 ,i wat*$ a *ild :o 0 sev]ely puni%$ = d5y+ some?+ he _h unconsci\sly done1 & not$ h[ "u ! influ5ce ( ?is s5seless puni%m5t he develop$ extreme dissimulation4 ,tru?fulness requires above ev]y?+ unbrok5 det]m9ation2 & _m n]v\s little li>s ne$ n\ri%+ food & life 9 ! op5 air1 n bl[s4 ,a great arti/1 "o ( ! few :o live :olly accord+ to ! mod]n pr9ciples ( life1 said to me on "o occasion3 ,my son does n "k :at a lie is1 nor :at a bl[ is4 ,8 /ep-bro!r1 on ! o!r h&1 li$ :5 he came into our h\se2 b ly+ did n "w 9 ! atmosph]e ( calm & fre$om4 ,aft] a ye> ! habit disappe>$ by itself1 only because x always met ) deep a/oni%m5t4 ,?is makes me1 9 pass+1 note "o ( ! o!r _m mi/akes ( education1 viz41 ! inf9ite tr\ble tak5 9 try+ to d away ) a fault :i* disappe>s by itself4 ,p take inf9ite pa9s to tea* small *ildr5 to speak di/9ctly :o1 if left to !mselves1 w\ld le>n x by !mselves1 provid$ !y 7 always spok5 to di/9ctly4 ,?is same pr9ciple holds good ( num]\s o!r ?+s1 9 *ildr5's attitude & behavi\r1 t c be left simply to a good example & to "t4 ,"o's influ5ce %\ld be us$ 9 impress+ ^u ! *ild habits = :i* a f\ndation mu/ be laid at ! v beg9n+ ( 8 life4 ,!re is ano!r /ill m un=tunate mi/ake1 ! mi/ake ( correct+ & judg+ by an ext]nal effect produc$ by ! act1 by ! sc&al x occasions 9 ! environm5t4 ,*ildr5 are /ruck = us+ oa?s & improp] words ! mean+ ( :i* !y d n und]/&2 or if !y d und]/&1 ! result ( /rictness is only t !y g on keep+ sil5ce 9 matt]s 9 :i* s9c]ity t[>ds ^? :o are br++ !m up is ( ! highe/ importance4 ,! v ?+ ! *ild is all[$ to d uncorrect$ at home1 is n seldom correct$ if x happ5s away f home4 ,s ! *ild gets a false idea t x is n ! ?+ t des]ves puni%m5t1 b its publicity4 ,:5 a "m is a%am$ ( ! bad behavi\r ( h] son %e is apt to /rike him--in/ead ( /rik+ h] own brea/6 ,:5 an adv5tur\s feat fails he is beat51 b he is prais$ :5 successful4 ,^! practices produce demoralisation4 ,once 9 a wood ,i saw two p>5ts laugh+ :ile ! ice held on :i* _! son 0 slid+2 :5 x broke sudd5ly !y ?reat5$ to :ip him4 ,x requir$ /rong self-control 9 ord] n to say to ?is pair t x 0 n ! son :o des]v$ puni%m5t b !mselves4 ,on occasions l ^!1 p>5ts av5ge _! own fright on _! *ildr54 ,i saw a *ild become a c[>d because an anxi\s "m /ruck him e "t he fell d[n1 :ile ! natural result inflict$ on ! *ild w\ld h be5 m ?an suffici5t to increase 8 c>efulness4 ,:5 mis=tune is caus$ by disob$i5ce1 natural al>m is1 z a rule1 en\gh to prev5t a repetition ( x4 ,if x is n suffici5t bl[s h no re/ra9+ effect2 !y only embitt]4 ,! boy f9ds t adults h =gott5 _! own p]iod ( *ildhood2 he )draws himself secretly f ?is abuse ( p[]1 provid$ /rict treatm5t does n succe$ 9 totally depress+ ! level ( ! *ild's w & ob/ruct+ 8 en]gies4 ,?is is c]ta9ly a dang]1 b ! mo/ s]i\s effect ( corporal puni%m5t is t x has e/abli%$ an une?ical morality z its result4 ,until ! human be+ has le>nt to see t ef=t1 /riv+1 developm5t ( p[]1 are _! own rew>d1 life rema9s an unbeautiful affair4 ,! debas+ effects ( vanity & ambition1 ! small & great cruelties produc$ by inju/ice1 are all due to ! idea t failure or success sets ! value to de$s & actions4 ,a complete revolution 9 ?is crude !ory ( value mu/ come ab\t be=e ! e>? c become ! sc5e ( a happy b consid]ate developm5t ( p[] on ! "p ( free & f9e human be+s4 ,e conte/ decid$ by exam9ations & prizes is ultimately an immoral me?od ( tra9+4 ,x awak5s only evil passions1 envy & ! impression ( inju/ice on ! "o side1 arrogance on ! o!r4 ,aft] ,i _h dur+ ! c\rse ( tw5ty ye>s f\ght ^! s*ool exam9ations1 ,i read ) ?or\gh agreem5t a %ort "t ago1 ,rusk9's views on ! subject4 ,he believ$ t all competition 0 a false basis ( /imulus1 & e di/ribution ( prizes a false means4 ,he ?\ght t ! real sign ( tal5t 9 a boy1 auspici\s = 8 future c>e]1 0 8 desire to "w = "w's sake4 ,he decl>$ t ! real aim ( in/ruction %\ld be to %[ him 8 own prop] & special gifts1 to /r5g!n !m 9 him1 n to spur him on to an empty competition ) ^? :o 7 pla9ly 8 sup]iors 9 capacity4 ,moreov] x ought n to be =gott5 t success & failure involve ( !mselves _! own puni%m5t & _! own rew>d1 ! "o bitt]1 ! o!r sweet en\gh to secure 9 a natural way increas$ /r5g?1 c>e1 prud5ce1 & endurance4 ,x is completely unnecess>y = ! educator to use1 besides ^!1 "s special puni%m5ts or special rew>ds1 & s p]v]t ! conceptions ( ! *ild t failure seems to him to be a wrong1 success on ! o!r h& z ! "r4 ,no matt] :]e "o turns "o's gaze1 x is notori\s t ! ext]nally enc\rag+ or awe-inspir+ means ( education1 are an ob/acle to :at are ! *ief human *>act]i/ics1 c\rage 9 oneself & goodness to o!rs4 ,a p ^: education is c>ri$ on by g5tle means only 7,i mean ! p ( ,japan71 h %[n t manl9ess is n 9 dang] :]e *ildr5 are n h>d5$ by corporal puni%m5t4 ,^! g5tle means are j z effective 9 call+ =? selfma/]y & consid]ation4 ,^! virtues are s impr9t$ on *ildr51 at ! t5d]e/ age1 t "o le>ns fir/ 9 ,japan :at attraction consid]ate k9dl9ess be/[s ^u life4 ,9 a c\ntry :]e bl[s are nev] se51 ! fir/ rule ( social int]c\rse is n to cause discom=t to o!rs4 ,x is told t :5 a =eign] 9 ,japan took up a /one to ?r[ x at a dog1 ! dog did n run4 ,no "o _h ev] ?r[n a /one at him4 ,t5d]ness t[>ds animals is ! complem5t 9 t c\ntry ( t5d]ness 9 human relation%ip1 a t5d]ness ^: result is obs]v$1 among o!r effects1 9 a relatively small numb] ( crimes aga9/ life & security4 ,w>1 hunt+ = pleasure1 corporal discipl9e1 are no?+ m ?an diff]5t expressions ( ! tig] nature /ill alive 9 man4 ,:5 ! rod is ?r[n away1 & :51 z "s "o has said1 *ildr5 are no long] box$ on _! e>s b are giv5 magnify+ glasses & photographic cam]as to increase _! capacity = life & = lov+ x1 in/ead ( le>n+ to de/roy x1 real education 9 humanity w beg94 ,= ! b5efit ( ^? :o are n conv9c$ t corporal puni%m5t c be disp5s$ ) 9 a manly education1 by s remote & s di/ant an example z ,japan1 ,i %\ld l to m5tion a fact clos] to u4 ,our ,g]manic =efa!rs did n h ?is me?od ( education4 ,x 0 introduc$ ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,corporal discipl9e 0 turn$ into a religi\s duty1 & z late z ! sev5te5? c5tury !re 7 intellig5t m5 :o flogg$ _! *ildr5 once a week z a "p ( spiritual gu>dian%ip4 ,i once ask$ our great poet1 ,victor ,rydb]g1 & he said t he _h f\nd no pro( t corporal puni%m5t 0 usual among ! ,g]mans 9 hea!n times4 ,i ask$ him :e!r he did n believe t ! fact ( its abs5ce _h enc\rag$ ! en]getic individualism & manl9ess 9 ! ,nor!rn peoples4 ,he ?\ght s1 & agre$ ) me4 ,f9ally1 ,i might note f our own "t1 t !re are _m families & s*ools1 our girls' s*ools = example1 & also boys' s*ools 9 "s c\ntries1 :]e corporal puni%m5t is nev] us$4 ,i "k a family ) twelve *ildr5 ^: activity & capacity are n damag$ by br++ !m "u ! rule ( duty alone4 ,corporal puni%m5t is nev] us$ 9 ?is home2 a det]m9$ b mild "m has taught ! *ildr5 to obey volunt>ily1 & has kn[n h[ to tra9 _! wills to self-control4 ,by volunt>y ob$i5ce1 ,i d n mean t ! *ild is b\nd to ask endless que/ions = reasons1 & to dispute !m be=e he obeys4 ,a good tea*] nev] gives a comm& )\t !re be+ "s good reason1 b :e!r ! *ild is conv9c$ or n1 he mu/ always obey1 & if he asks :y ! answ] is v simple2 e "o1 adults z well z *ildr51 mu/ obey ! "r & mu/ submit to :at _c be avoid$4 ,! great necessity 9 life mu/ be impr9t$ 9 *ildhood4 ,?is c be done )\t h>% means by tra9+ ! *ild1 ev5 previ\s to 8 bir?1 by cultivat+ "o's self-control1 & aft] 8 bir? by nev] giv+ 9 to a *ild's caprices4 ,! rule is1 9 a few cases1 to "w 9 opposition to ! action ( ! *ild1 b 9 o!r cases "w con/ructively2 ,i mean provide ! *ild ) mat]ial to con/ruct 8 own p]sonality & !n let him d ?is "w ( con/ruction4 ,?is is1 9 brief1 ! art ( education4 ,! wor/ ( all educational me?ods are ?reats4 ,! only effective admonitions are %ort & infrequ5t ones4 ,! greate/ skill 9 ! educator is to be sil5t = ! mom5t & !n s reprove ! fault1 indirectly1 t ! *ild is br\ght to correct himself or make himself ! object ( blame4 ,?is c be done by ! in/ructor tell+ some?+ t causes ! *ild to comp>e 8 own conduct ) ! hateful or admirable types ( behavi\r ab\t :i* he he>s in=mation4 ,or ! educator may give an op9ion :i* ! *ild mu/ take to himself al?\gh x is n appli$ directly to him4 ,on _m occasions a =ceful display ( indignation on ! "p ( ! eld] p]son is an excell5t puni%m5t1 if ! indignation is res]v$ = ! "r mom5t4 ,i "k *ildr5 to :om no?+ 0 m frightful ?an _! fa!r's scorn2 ?is 0 dread$4 ,*ildr5 :o are delug$ ) directions & religi\s devotions1 :o receive an ounce ( morality 9 e cup ( joy1 are mo/ c]ta9 to be ^? :o w revolt aga9/ all ?is4 ,ne>ly e ?9k+ p]son feels t ! deepe/ educational influ5ces 9 8 life h be5 indirect2 "s good advice n giv5 to him directly2 a noble de$ told )\t any direct ref]5ce4 ,b :5 p come !mselves to tra9 o!rs !y =get all _! own p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,! /ronge/ con/ructive factor 9 ! education ( a human be+ is ! settl$1 quiet ord] ( home1 its peace1 & its duty4 ,op5-he>t$ness1 indu/ry1 /raight=w>dness at home develop goodness1 desire to "w1 & simplicity 9 ! *ild4 ,examples ( arti/ic "w & books 9 ! home1 its cu/om>y life on ord9>y days & holidays1 its occupations & its pleasures1 %\ld give to ! emotions & imag9ation ( ! *ild1 p]iods ( movem5t & repose1 a sure cont\r & a ri* col\r4 ,! pure1 w>m1 cle> atmosph]e 9 :i* fa!r1 "m1 & *ildr5 live toge!r 9 fre$om & confid5ce2 :]e none are kept isolat$ f ! int]e/s ( ! o!rs2 b ea* possesses full fre$om = 8 own p]sonal int]e/2 :]e none tr5*es on ! rights ( o!rs2 :]e all are will+ to help "o ano!r :5 necess>y1--9 ?is atmosph]e egoism1 z well z altruism1 c atta9 _! ri*e/ developm5t1 & individuality f9d its j fre$om4 ,z ! evolution ( man's s\l advances to undream$-( possibilities ( ref9em5t1 ( capacity1 ( pr(undity2 z ! spiritual life ( ! g5]ation becomes m manifold 9 its comb9ations & 9 its di/9ctions2 ! m "t "o has = obs]v+ ! wond]ful & deep secrets ( exi/5ce1 beh9d ! visible1 tangible1 _w ( s5se1 ! m w ea* new g5]ation ( *ildr5 %[ a m ref9$ & a m consi/5t m5tal life4 ,x is impossible to atta9 ?is result "u ! torture ( ! crude me?ods 9 our pres5t home & s*ool tra9+4 ,we ne$ new homes1 new s*ools1 new m>riages1 new social relations1 = ^? new s\ls :o are to feel1 love1 & suff]1 9 ways inf9itely num]\s t we n[ c n ev5 "n4 ,?us !y w come to und]/& life2 !y w h aspirations & hopes2 !y w believe2 !y w pray4 ,! conceptions ( religion1 love1 & art1 all ^! mu/ be revolutionis$ s radically1 t "o n[ c only surmise :at new =ms w be creat$ 9 future g5]ations4 ,?is trans=mation c be help$ by ! tra9+ ( ! pres5t1 by ca/+ aside ! )]$ foliage :i* n[ cov]s ! budd+ possibilities ( life4 ,! h\se mu/ once m become a home = ! s\ls ( *ildr51 n = _! bodies alone4 ,= su* homes to be =m$1 t 9 _! turn w m\ld *ildr51 ! *ildr5 mu/ be giv5 back to ! home4 ,in/ead ( ! /udy prep>ation at home = ! s*ool tak+ up1 z x n[ does1 ! be/ "p ( a *ild's life1 ! s*ool mu/ get ! small] "p1 ! home ! l>g] "p4 ,! home w h ! responsibility ( s us+ ! free "t z well on ord9>y days z on holidays1 t ! *ildr5 w really become a "p ( ! home bo? 9 _! "w & 9 _! pleasures4 ,! *ildr5 w be tak5 f ! s*ool1 ! /reet1 ! factory1 & re/or$ to ! home4 ,! "m w be giv5 back f "w outside1 or f social life to ! *ildr54 ,?us natural tra9+ 9 ! _s ( ,r\sseau & ,sp5c] w be realis$2 a tra9+ = life1 by life at home4 ,su* 0 ! tra9+ ( ,old ,sc&9avia2 ! direct %>e ( ! *ild 9 ! "w ( ! adult1 9 real lab\rs & dang]s1 gave to ! life ( our ,sc&9avian =efa!rs 7) :om ! boy began to be a man at twelve ye>s ( age71 unity1 "*1 & /r5g?4 ,?+s specially made = *ildr51 ! anxi\s wat*+ ov] all _! und]tak+s1 support giv5 to all _! /eps1 c\rses ( "w & pleasure specially prep>$ = *ildr51--^! are ! fundam5tal defects ( our pres5t day education4 ,an eighte5-ye>old girl said to me a %ort "t ago1 t %e & o!r girls ( ! same age 7 s tir$ ( ! sy/em ( vigilance1 protection1 amusem5t1 & pamp]+ at s*ool & at home1 t !y 7 det]m9$ to br+ up _! own *ildr5 9 hung]1 corporal discipl9e1 & drudg]y4 ,"o c und]/& ?is un=tunate reaction aga9/ an artificial environm5t1 ! environm5t 9 :i* *ildr5 & "y p ( ! pres5t gr[ up2 an exi/5ce t evokes a passionate desire = ! realities ( life1 = individual action at "o's own risk & responsibility1 in/ead ( be+1 z is n[ ! case1 at home & 9 ! s*ool1 ! object ( ano!r's c>e4 ,:at is requir$1 above all1 = ! *ildr5 ( ! pres5t day1 is to be assign$ aga9 real home occupations1 tasks !y mu/ d consci5ti\sly1 habits ( "w arrang$ = week days & holidays )\t ov]sight1 9 e case :]e ! *ild c help himself4 ,in/ead ( ! mod]n s*ool *ild hav+ a "m & s]vants ab\t him to get him ready = s*ool & to help him to rememb] ?+s1 he %\ld h "t e day be=e s*ool to arrange 8 room & bru% 8 clo!s1 & !re %\ld be no ef=t to make him rememb] :at is connect$ ) ! s*ool4 ,! home & ! s*ool %\ld comb9e toge!r sy/ematically to let ! *ild suff] = ! results ( 8 own neglig5ce4 ,j ! rev]se ( ?is sy/em rules to-day4 ,mo!rs le>n _! *ildr5's lessons1 inv5t plays = !m1 read _! /ory books to !m1 arrange _! rooms aft] !m1 pick up :at !y h let fall1 put 9 ord] ! ?+s !y h left 9 confusion1 & 9 ?is & 9 o!r ways1 by protective pamp]+ & att5tion1 _! desire = "w1 _! endurance1 ! gifts ( inv5tion & imag9ation1 qualities prop] to ! *ild1 become weak & passive4 ,! home n[ is only a prep>ation = s*ool4 ,9 x1 "y p gr[+ up1 are accu/om$ to receive s]vices1 )\t p]=m+ any on _! "p4 ,!y are tra9$ to be always receptive in/ead ( giv+ some?+ 9 return4 ,!n p are surpris$ at a y\?ful g5]ation1 selfi% & unre/ra9$1 press+ =w>d %amelessly on all occasions be=e _! eld]s1 crudely unresponsive 9 respect ( ^? att5tions1 :i* 9 e>li] g5]ations 7 a beautiful cu/om among ! "y4 ,to re/ore ?is cu/om1 all ! means usually adopt$ n[ to protect ! *ild f physical & psy*ical dang]s & inconv5i5ces1 w h to be remov$4 ,?r[ ! !rmomet] out ( ! w9d[ & beg9 ) a s5sible c\rse ( t\gh5+2 tea* ! *ild to "k & to be> natural pa94 ,corporal puni%m5t mu/ be done away ) n because x is pa9ful b because x is pr(\ndly immoral & hopelessly unsuitable4 ,repress ! egoi/ic dem&s ( ! *ild :5 he int]f]es ) ! "w or re/ ( o!rs2 nev] let him ei!r by c>esses or by nagg+ usurp ! rights ( gr[n p2 take c>e t ! s]vants d n "w aga9/ :at ! p>5ts are try+ to insi/ on 9 ?is & 9 o!r matt]s4 ,we mu/ beg9 9 do+ = ! *ild 9 c]ta9 ways a ?\s& times m & 9 o!rs a hundr$ ?\s& times less4 ,a beg9n+ mu/ be made 9 ! t5d]e/ age to e/abli% ! *ild's feel+ = nature4 ,let him live ye> 9 & ye> out 9 ! same c\ntry home2 ?is is "o ( ! mo/ significant & pr(\nd factors 9 tra9+4 ,x c be held to ev5 :]e x is n[ neglect$4 ,! same ?+ holds good ( mak+ a *oice libr>y1 comm5c+ ) ! fir/ ye>s ( life2 s t ! *ild w h1 at diff]5t p]iods ( 8 life1 suitable books = ea* age2 n z is n[ (t5 ! case1 get q spoilt by ! con/ant *ange ( summ] excursions1 by wor?less *ildr5's books1 & co/ly toys4 ,!y %\ld nev] h any b ! simple/ books2 ! s-call$ classical ones4 ,!y %\ld be amply provid$ ) means ( prep>+ _! own play?+s4 ,! wor/ feature ( our sy/em are ! play?+s :i* imitate ! luxury ( gr[n p4 ,by su* objects ! covet\s impulse ( ! *ild = acquisition is increas$1 8 own capacity = discov]y & imag9ation limit$1 or r1 x w\ld be limit$ if *ildr5 ) ! s\nd in/9ct ( pres]vation1 did n happily sma% ! p]fect play?+s1 :i* give !m no creative opportunity1 & !mselves make new play?+s f fir cones1 acorns1 ?orns1 & fragm5ts ( pott]y1 & all o!r sorts ( rubbi% :i* c be trans=m$ into objects ( great price by ! p[] ( ! imag9ation4 ,to play ) *ildr5 9 ! "r way is also a great art4 ,x %\ld nev] be done if *ildr5 d n !mselves "k :at !y are go+ to d2 x %\ld always be a special treat = !m z well z _! eld]s4 ,b ! adults mu/ always on su* occasions1 leave beh9d e k9d ( educational idea & g completely into ! *ild's _w ( ?\ght & imag9ation4 ,no attempt %\ld be made to tea* !m at ^! times any?+ else b ! old satisfactory games4 ,! exp]i5ces d]iv$ f ^! games ab\t ! nature ( ! *ildr51 :o are /imulat$ 9 "o direction or ano!r by ! game1 mu/ be kept = lat] use4 ,games 9 ?is way increase confid5ce betwe5 *ildr5 & adults4 ,!y le>n to "k _! eld]s bett]4 ,b to all[ *ildr5 to turn all ! rooms into places to play 91 & to dem& con/antly t _! eld]s %all int]e/ !mselves 9 !m1 is "o ( ! mo/ dang]\s species ( pamp]+ common to ! pres5t day4 ,! *ildr5 become accu/om$ to selfi%ness & m5tal dep5d5ce4 ,besides ?is con/ant educational ef=t br+s ) x ! dull+ ( ! *ild's p]sonality4 ,if *ildr5 7 free 9 _! own _w1 ! nurs]y1 b out ( x _h to submit to ! /rict limits impos$ by ! habits1 wills1 "w1 & repose ( p>5ts1 _! requirem5ts & _! wi%es1 !y w\ld develop into a /rong] & m consid]ate race ?an ! y\? ( ! pres5t day4 ,x is n s mu* talk+ ab\t be+ consid]ate1 b ! necessity ( consid]+ o!rs1 ( really help+ oneself & o!rs1 t has an educational value4 ,9 e>li] days1 *ildr5 7 quiet z mice 9 ! pres5ce ( eld] p]sons4 ,in/ead (1 z !y d n[1 break+ into a gue/'s conv]sation1 !y le>n$ to li/54 ,if ! conv]sation ( adults is v>i$1 ?is c be call$ "o ( ! be/ educational me?ods = *ildr54 ,! ord9>y life ( *ildr51 "u ! old sy/em1 0 liv$ 9 ! nurs]y :]e !y receiv$ _! mo/ important tra9+ f an old fai?ful s]vant & f "o ano!r4 ,f _! p>5ts !y receiv$ corporal puni%m5t1 sometimes a c>ess4 ,9 comp>ison ) ?is sy/em1 ! pres5t way ( p>5ts & *ildr5 liv+ toge!r w\ld be absolute progress1 if p>5ts c\ld b ab/a9 f expla9+1 advis+1 improv+1 influ5c+ e ?\ght & e expression4 ,b all spiritual1 m5tal1 & bodily protective rules make ! *ild n[ indirectly selfi%1 because ev]y?+ c5tres ab\t him & !re=e he is kept 9 a con/ant /ate ( irritation4 ,! six-ye>old c di/urb ! conv]sation ( ! adult1 b ! twelve-ye>-old is s5t to b$ ab\t eight o'clock1 ev5 :5 he1 ) wide op5 eyes1 longs = a conv]sation t might be to him an inspir+ /imulus = life4 ,c]ta9ly "s simple habits s f> z conduct & ord]1 n\ri%m5t & sleep1 air & wat]1 clo?+ & bodily movem5t1 are conc]n$1 c be made ! f\ndations = ! *ild's conceptions ( morality4 ,he _c be made to le>n soon en\gh t bodily heal? & beauty mu/ be reg>d$ z high e?ical *>act]i/ics1 & t :at is injuri\s to heal? & beauty mu/ be reg>d$ z a hateful act4 ,9 ?is sph]e1 *ildr5 mu/ be kept entirely indep5d5t ( cu/om by all[+ ! exception to e rule to h its valid place4 ,! pres5t anxi\s solicitude t *ildr5 %\ld eat :5 ! clock /rikes1 t !y get c]ta9 food at fix$ meals1 t !y be clo!d accord+ to ! degree ( temp]ature1 t !y g to b$ :5 ! clock /rikes1 t !y be protect$ f e drop ( unboil$ wat] & e extra piece ( c&y1 ?is makes !m n]v\s1 irritable slaves ( habit4 ,a reasonable t\gh5+ process aga9/ ! inequalities1 discom=ts1 & *ances ( life1 con/itutes "o ( ! mo/ important bases ( joy ( liv+ & ( /r5g? ( temp]4 ,9 ?is case too1 ! behavi\r ( ! p]son :o gives ! tra9+1 is ! be/ means ( tea*+ *ildr5 to smile at small contretemps1 ?+s :i* w\ld ?r[ a cl\d ov] ! sun1 if "o got into ! habit ( treat+ !m z if !y 7 ( great importance4 ,if ! *ild sees ! p>5t do+ readily an unpleasant duty1 :i* he hone/ly recognises z unpleasant2 if he sees a p>5t endure tr\ble or an unexpect$ difficulty easily1 he w be 9 hon\r b\nd to d ! l4 ,j z *ildr5 )\t _m words le>n to practice good de$s :5 !y see good de$s practic$ ab\t !m2 le>n to enjoy ! beauty ( nature & art :5 !y see t adults enjoy !m1 s by liv+ m beautifully1 m nobly1 m mod]ately1 we speak be/ to *ildr54 ,!y are j z receptive to impressions ( ?is k9d z !y are c>eless ( ^? made by =ce4 ,s9ce ?is is my alpha & omega 9 ! art ( education1 ,i repeat n[ :at ,i said at ! beg9n+ ( ?is book & half way ?r\gh x4 ,try to leave ! *ild 9 peace2 int]f]e directly z seldom z possible2 keep away all crude & impure impressions2 b give all y\r c>e & en]gy to see t p]sonality1 life itself1 reality 9 its simplicity & 9 its nak$ness1 %all all be means ( tra9+ ! *ild4 ,make dem&s on ! p[]s ( *ildr5 & on _! capacity = self-control1 proportionate to ! special /age ( _! developm5t1 nei!r great] nor less] dem&s ?an on adults4 ,b respect ! joys ( ! *ild1 8 ta/es1 "w1 & "t1 j z y w\ld ^? ( an adult4 ,education w ?us become an inf9itely simple & inf9itely h>d] art1 ?an ! education ( ! pres5t day1 ) its artificialis$ exi/5ce1 its d\ble entry morality1 "o morality = ! *ild1 & "o = ! adult1 (t5 /rict = ! *ild & lax = ! adult & vice v]sa4 ,by treat+ ! *ild e mom5t z "o does an adult human be+ we free education f t brutal arbitr>9ess1 f ^? ov]-indulg5t protective rules1 :i* h trans=m$ him4 ,:e!r p>5ts act z if *ildr5 exi/$ = _! b5efit alone1 or :e!r ! p>5ts give up _! :ole lives to _! *ildr51 ! result is alike deplorable4 ,z a rule bo? classes "k equally little ( ! feel+s & ne$s ( _! *ildr54 ,! "o class are happy :5 ! *ildr5 are l !mselves1 & _! highe/ ambition is to produce 9 _! *ildr5 a successful copy ( _! own ?\ghts1 op9ions1 & ideals4 ,really x ought to pa9 !m v mu* to see !mselves s exactly copi$4 ,:at life expect$ f !m & requir$ f !m 0 j ! opposite--a ri*] comb9ation1 a bett] creation1 a new type1 n a reproduction ( t :i* is already exhau/$4 ,! o!r class /rive to model _! *ildr5 n accord+ to !mselves b accord+ to _! ideal ( goodness4 ,!y %[ _! love by _! will+ness to ext+ui% _! own p]sonalities = _! *ildr5's sake4 ,?is !y d by lett+ ! *ildr5 feel t ev]y?+ :i* conc]ns !m /&s 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,?is %\ld be s1 b only indirectly4 ,! conc]ns ( ! :ole s*eme ( life1 ! ord]+ ( ! home1 its habits1 int]c\rse1 purposes1 c>e = ! ne$s ( *ildr51 & _! s\nd developm5t1 mu/ /& 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,b at pres5t1 9 mo/ cases1 *ildr5 ( t5d] ye>s1 z well z ^? :o are old]1 are sacrific$ to ! *aotic condition ( ! home4 ,!y le>n self-w )\t possess+ real fre$om1 !y live "u a discipl9e :i* is spasmodic 9 its application4 ,:5 "o daught] aft] ano!r leaves home 9 ord] to make h]self indep5d5t !y are (t5 driv5 to d x by want ( fre$om1 or by ! lack ( "* 9 family life4 ,9 bo? directions ! girl sees h]self =c$ to become some?+ diff]5t1 to hold diff]5t op9ions1 to ?9k diff]5t ?\ghts1 to act contr>y to ! dictates ( h] own be+4 ,a "m happy 9 ! fri5d%ip ( h] own daught]1 said n long ago t %e desir$ to erect an asylum = torm5t$ daught]s4 ,su* an asylum w\ld be z necess>y z a protection aga9/ pamp]+ p>5ts z aga9/ ^? :o are ov]be>+4 ,bo? alike1 torture _! *ildr5 ?\gh 9 diff]5t ways1 by n und]/&+ ! *ild's "r to h 8 own po9t ( view1 8 own ideal ( happ9ess1 8 own prop] ta/es & occupation4 ,!y d n see t *ildr5 exi/ z little = _! p>5t's sake z p>5ts d = _! *ildr5's sake4 ,family life w\ld h an intellig5t "* if ea* "o liv$ fully & entirely 8 own life & all[$ ! o!rs to d ! same4 ,none %\ld tyrannise ov]1 nor %\ld suff] tyranny f1 ! o!r4 ,p>5ts :o give _! home ?is "* c ju/ly dem& t *ildr5 %all accommodate !mselves to ! habits ( ! h\sehold z long z !y live 9 x4 ,*ildr5 on _! "p c ask t _! own life ( ?\ght & feel+ %all be left 9 peace at home1 or t !y be treat$ ) ! same consid]ation t w\ld be giv5 to a /rang]4 ,:5 ! p>5ts d n meet ^! conditions !y !mselves are ! great] suff]]s4 ,x is v easy to keep "o's son f express+ 8 raw views1 v easy to te> a daught] away f h] book & to br+ h] to a tea-p>ty by giv+ h] unnecess>y occupations2 v easy by a scornful ^w to repress "s p[]ful emotion4 ,a ?\s& simil> ?+s occur e day 9 good families ?r\gh ! :ole _w4 ,b :5ev] we he> ( "y p speak+ ( _! intellectual homelessness & sadness1 we beg9 to und]/& :y fa!r & "m rema9 beh9d 9 homes f :i* ! daught]s h ha/5$ to dep>t2 :y *ildr5 take _! c>es1 joys1 & ?\ghts to /rang]s2 :y1 9 a ^w1 ! old & ! "y g5]ation are z mutually dep5d5t z ! roots & fl[]s ( plants1 s (t5 sep>ate ) mutual repulsion4 ,?is is z true ( highly cultivat$ fa!rs & mo!rs z ( simple b\rgeois or peasant p>5ts4 ,p]haps1 inde$1 x may be tru] ( ! fir/ class1 ! latt] torm5t _! *ildr5 9 a naive way1 :ile ! =m] are inf9itely wise & me?odical 9 _! /upidity4 ,r>ely is a "m ( ! upp] class "o ( ^? arti/s ( home life :o ?r\gh ! bli!ness1 ! goodness1 & joy\sness ( h] "*1 makes ! rhy?m ( ev]yday life a dance1 & holidays into fe/ivals4 ,su* arti/s are (t5 simple wom5 :o h pass$ no exam9ations1 f\nd$ no clubs1 & writt5 no books4 ,! highly cultivat$ mo!rs & ! socially useful mo!rs on ! o!r h& are n seldom ^? :o call =? criticism f _! sons4 ,x seems almo/ an inv>iable rule t mo!rs %\ld make mi/akes :5 !y wi% to act = ! welf>e ( _! sons4 ,h[ inf9itely valuable1 say _! *ildr51 w\ld ,i h f\nd a "m :o c\ld h kept quiet1 :o w\ld h be5 pati5t ) me1 :o w\ld h giv5 me re/1 keep+ ! out] _w at a di/ance f me1 ) k9dly soo?+ h&s4 ,oh1 w\ld t ,i _h _h a "m on ^: brea/ ,i c\ld h laid my head1 to be quiet & dream4 ,a di/+ui%$ woman writ] is surpris$ t all ( h] well-?\ght-out plans = h] *ildr5 fail--^? *ildr5 9 :om %e saw ! mat]ial = h] passion = gov]n+1 ! clay t %e desir$ to m\ld4 ,! writ] j cit$ says v ju/ly t mat]nal unselfi%ness alone c p]=m ! task ( protect+ a "y be+ ) wisdom & k9dl9ess1 by all[+ him to gr[ accord+ to 8 own laws4 ,! unselfi% "m1 %e says1 w joyfully give ! be/ ( h] life en]gy1 p[]s ( s\l & _s to a gr[+ be+ & !n op5 all doors to him1 leav+ him 9 ! broad _w to foll[ 8 own pa?s1 & ask = no?+1 nei!r ?anks1 nor praise1 nor remembrance4 ,b to mo/ mo!rs may be appli$ ! bitt] exclamation ( a son 9 ! book j m5tion$1 ev5 a "m mu/ "k h[ %e tortures ano!r2 if %e has n ?is capacity by nature1 :y 9 ! _w %\ld ,i recognise h] z my "m at all4 ,c]ta9 mo!rs sp5d ! :ole day 9 keep+ _! *ildr5's n]v\s sy/em 9 a /ate ( irritation4 ,!y make "w h>d & play joyless1 :5ev] !y take a "p 9 x4 ,at ! pres5t "t1 too1 ! s*ool gets control ( ! *ild1 ! home loses all ! means by :i* =m]ly x m\ld$ ! *ild's s\l life & ennobl$ family life4 ,! s*ool1 n fa!r & "m1 tea*es *ildr5 to play1 ! s*ool gives !m manual tra9+1 ! s*ool tea*es !m to s+1 to look at pictures1 to read al\d1 to w&] ab\t out ( doors2 s*ools1 clubs1 sport & o!r pleasures accu/om y\? 9 ! cities m & m to outside life1 & a daily recreation t kills ! true feel+ = holiday4 ,"y p1 (t51 h no o!r impression ( home ?an t x is a place :]e !y meet society :i* bores !m4 ,p>5ts surr5d] _! *ildr5 to s*ools 9 ^? ye>s 9 :i* !y %\ld influ5ce _! m9ds4 ,:5 ! s*ool gives !m back !y d n "k h[ to make a fre% />t ) ! *ildr51 = !y !mselves h ceas$ to be "y4 ,b gett+ old is no necessity2 x is only a bad habit4 ,x is v int]e/+ to obs]ve a face t is gett+ old4 ,:at "t makes out ( a face %[s bett] ?an any?+ else :at ! man has made out ( "t4 ,mo/ m5 9 ! e>ly p]iod ( middle age are nei!r intellectually fat nor lean1 !y are h>d5$ or dri$ up4 ,naturally "y p look ^u !m ) unsympa!tic eyes1 = !y feel t !re is su* a ?+ z et]nal y\?1 :i* a s\l c w9 z a prize = its :ole "w ( inn] developm5t4 ,b !y look 9 va9 = ?is second et]nal y\? 9 _! eld]s1 fill$ ) worldly no?+nesses & ?+s ( tempor>y importance4 ,) a sigh !y exclude ! old p f _! future plans & !y g out 9 ! _w 9 ord] to *oose _! spiritual p>5ts4 ,?is is tragic b j1 = if !re is a field on :i* man mu/ s[ a hundr$-fold 9 ord] to h>ve/ t5fold x is ! s\ls ( *ildr54 ,:5 ,i began at five ye>s ( age to make a rag doll1 t by its weight & size really gave ! illusion ( reality & be/[$ mu* joy on its "y "m1 ,i began to ?9k ab\t ! education ( my future *ildr54 ,!n z n[ my educational ideal 0 t ! *ildr5 %\ld be happy1 t !y %\ld n fe>4 ,fe> is ! mis=tune ( *ildhood1 & ! suff]+s ( ! *ild come f ! half-realis$ opposition betwe5 8 unlimit$ possibilities ( happ9ess & ! way 9 :i* ^! possibilities are actually h&l$4 ,x may be said t life1 at e /age1 is cruel 9 its treatm5t ( our possibilities ( happ9ess4 ,b ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! suff]+s ( ! adult f exi/5ce1 & ! suff]+s ( ! *ild caus$ by adults1 is trem5d\s4 ,! *ild is unwill+ to resign himself to ! suff]+s impos$ ^u him by adults & ! m impati5t ! *ild is aga9/ unnecess>y suff]+1 ! bett]2 = s mu* ! m c]ta9ly w he "s day be driv5 to f9d means to trans=m = himself & = o!rs ! h>d necessities ( life4 ,a poet1 ,rydb]g1 9 our c\ntry :o _h ! deepe/ intuition into *ild's nature1 & !re=e _h ! deepe/ rev]5ce = x1 wrote z foll[s3 ,:]e we behold *ildr5 we suspect !re are pr9ces1 b z to ! k+s1 :]e are !y8 ,n only life's tragic elem5ts dim9i% & dam up its vital en]gies4 ,equally de/ructive is a p>5t's want ( rev]5ce = ! s\rces ( life :i* meet !m 9 a new be+4 ,fa!rs & mo!rs mu/ b[ _! heads 9 ! du/ be=e ! exalt$ nature ( ! *ild4 ,until !y see t ! ^w *ild is only ano!r expression = ! conception ( maje/y2 until !y feel t x is ! future :i* 9 ! =m ( a *ild sleeps 9 _! arms1 & hi/ory :i* plays at _! feet1 !y w n und]/& t !y h z little p[] or "r to prescribe laws = ?is new be+ z !y possess ! p[] or might to lay d[n pa?s = ! />s4 ,! "m %\ld feel ! same rev]5ce = ! unkn[n worlds 9 ! wide-op5 eyes ( h] *ild1 t %e has = ! worlds :i* l :ite blossoms are spr9kl$ ov] ! blue orb ( heav52 ! fa!r %\ld see 9 8 *ild ! k+'s son :om he mu/ s]ve humbly ) 8 own be/ p[]s1 & !n ! *ild w come to 8 own2 n to ! "r ( ask+ o!rs to become ! play?+ ( 8 caprices b to ! "r ( liv+ 8 full /rong p]sonal *ild's life along ) a fa!r & a "m :o !mselves live a p]sonal life1 a life f ^: s\rces & p[]s ! *ild c take ! elem5ts he ne$s = 8 own individual gr[?4 ,p>5ts %\ld nev] expect _! own highe/ ideals to become ! ideals ( _! *ild4 ,! free-?9k+ sons ( pi\s p>5ts & ! ,*ri/ian *ildr5 ( free?9k]s h become almo/ prov]bial4 ,b p>5ts c live nobly & 9 entire accordance to _! own ideals :i* is ! same ?+ z mak+ *ildr5 ideali/s4 ,?is c (t5 lead to a q diff]5t sy/em ( ?\ght f t pursu$ by ! p>5t4 ,z to ideals1 ! eld]s %\ld "h z else:]e1 (f] ) timidity _! advice & _! exp]i5ce4 ,yes !y %\ld try to let ! "y p se>* = x z if !y 7 seek+ fruit hidd5 "u ! %ad[ ( leaves4 ,if _! c\nsel is reject$1 !y mu/ %[ nei!r surprise nor lack ( self-control4 ,! qu]y ( a hum\ri/1 :y he %\ld d any?+ = po/]ity s9ce po/]ity _h done no?+ = him1 set me to ?9k+ 9 my e>ly y\? 9 ! mo/ s]i\s way4 ,i felt t po/]ity _h done mu* = its =efa!rs4 ,x _h giv5 !m an inf9ite horizon = ! future beyond ! b\nds ( _! daily ef=t4 ,we mu/ 9 ! *ild see ! new fate ( ! human race2 we mu/ c>efully treat ! f9e ?reads 9 ! *ild's s\l because ^! are ! ?reads t "o day w =m ! wo( ( _w ev5ts4 ,we mu/ realise t e pebble by :i* "o breaks into ! glassy dep?s ( ! *ild's s\l w ext5d its influ5ce ?r\gh c5turies & c5turies 9 ev] wid5+ circles4 ,?r\gh our fa!rs1 )\t our w & )\t *oice1 we are giv5 a de/9y :i* controls ! deepe/ f\ndation ( our own be+4 ,?r\gh our po/]ity1 :i* we ourselves create1 we c 9 a c]ta9 measure1 z free be+s1 det]m9e ! future de/9y ( ! human race4 ,by a realisation ( all ?is 9 an entirely new way1 by see+ ! :ole process 9 ! light ( ! religion ( developm5t1 ! tw5tie? c5tury w be ! c5tury ( ! *ild4 ,?is w come ab\t 9 two ways4 ,adults w fir/ come to an und]/&+ ( ! *ild's "* & !n ! simplicity ( ! *ild's "* w be kept by adults4 ,s ! old social ord] w be able to r5ew itself4 ,psy*ological p$agogy has an exalt$ ance/ry4 ,i w n g back to ^? arti/s 9 education call$ ,socrates & ,jesus1 b ,i comm5ce ) ! mod]n _w4 ,9 ! h\rs ( its sunrise1 9 :i* we1 :o look back1 ?9k we see a futile ,r5aissance1 !n z n[ ! spr+ fl[]s came up amid ! decay+ foliage4 ,at ?is p]iod !re came a dem& = ! remodell+ ( education ?r\gh ! great figure ( mod]n times1 ,montaigne1 t skeptic :o _h s deep a rev]5ce = realities4 ,9 8 ,essays1 9 8 ,lett]s to ! ,c\ntess ( ,gurson1 are f\nd all ( ! elem5ts = ! education ( ! future4 ,ab\t ! great ,g]man & ,swiss speciali/s 9 p$agogy & psy*ology1 ,com5ius1 ,bas$[1 ,pe/alozzi1 ,salzmann1 ,froebel1 ,h]b>t1 ,i d n ne$ to speak4 ,i w only m5tion t ! greate/ m5 ( ,g]many1 ,less+1 ,h]d]1 ,goe!1 ,kant & o!rs1 took ! side ( natural tra9+4 ,9 reg>d to ,engl& x is well kn[n t ,john ,locke 9 8 ,?\ghts on ,education1 0 a wor?y pr$ecessor ( ,h]b]t ,sp5c]1 ^: book on education 9 its intellectual1 moral1 & physical relations1 0 ! mo/ notewor?y book on education 9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,x has be5 not$ t ,sp5c] 9 educational !ory is indebt$ to ,r\sseau2 & t 9 _m cases1 he has only said :at ! great ,g]man au?orities1 :om he c]ta9ly did n "k1 said be=e him4 ,b ?is does n dim9i% ,sp5c]'s m]it 9 ! lea/4 ,absolutely new ?\ghts are v r>e4 ,tru?s :i* 7 once new mu/ be con/antly r5ew$ by be+ pron\nc$ aga9 f ! dep? ( ! ard5t p]sonal conviction ( a new human be+4 ,t rational ?\ghts on ! subject ( p$agogy z on o!r subjects1 are con/antly express$ & re-express$1 %[s among o!r ?+s t reasonable1 or practically untri$ education has c]ta9 pr9ciples :i* are z axiomatic z ^? ( ma!matics4 ,e reasonable ?9k+ man mu/ z c]ta9ly discov] anew ^! p$agogical pr9ciples1 z he mu/ discov] anew ! relation betwe5 ! angles ( a triangle4 ,sp5c]'s book x is true has n laid aga9 ! f\ndation ( education4 ,x c r be call$ ! cr[n ( ! edifice f\nd$ by ,montaigne1 ,locke1 ,r\sseau1 & ! great ,g]man speciali/s 9 p$agogy4 ,:at is an absolutely novel factor 9 our times is ! /udy ( ! psy*ology ( ! *ild1 & ! sy/em ( education t has develop$ f x4 ,9 ,engl&1 ?r\gh ! sci5ti/ ,d>w91 ?is new /udy ( ! psy*ology ( ! *ild 0 inaugurat$4 ,9 ,g]many1 ,prey] contribut$ to its ext5sion4 ,he has done s p>tly by a compreh5sive /udy ( *ildr5's language1 p>tly by collect+ recollections ( *ildhood on ! "p ( ! adult4 ,f9ally he exp]im5t$ directly on ! *ild1 inve/igat+ 8 physical & psy*ical fatigue & endurance1 acut5ess ( s5sation1 p[]1 spe$1 & exactness 9 c>ry+ out physical & m5tal tasks4 ,he has /udi$ 8 capacity ( att5tion 9 emotions & 9 ideas at diff]5t p]iods ( life4 ,he has /udi$ ! spee* ( *ildr51 association ( ideas 9 *ildr51 etc4 ,dur+ ! /udy ( ! psy*ology ( ! *ild1 s*ol>s began to sub/itute = ?is t]m ! expression g5etic psy*ology4 ,= x 0 f\nd t ! big-g5etic pr9ciple 0 valid = ! developm5t bo? ( ! psy*ic & ! physical life4 ,?is pr9ciple means t ! hi/ory ( ! species is repeat$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! individual2 a tru? sub/antiat$ 9 o!r sph]es2 9 philology = example4 ,! psy*ology ( ! *ild is ( ! same significance = g5]al psy*ology z embryology is = anatomy4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! description ( savage peoples1 ( peoples 9 a natural condition1 su* z we f9d 9 ,sp5c]'s ,descriptive ,sociology or ,weitz's ,an?ropology is extremely in/ructive = a "r conception ( ! psy*ology ( ! *ild4 ,x is 9 ?is k9d ( psy*ological inve/igation t ! greate/ progress has be5 made 9 ?is c5tury4 ,9 ! great publication1 ,zeits*rift fur psy*ologie1 etc41 !re began 9 #ahid a special dep>tm5t = ! psy*ology ( *ildr5 & ! psy*ology ( education4 ,9 #ahih1 !re 7 z _m z "o hundr$ & six essays devot$ to ?is subject1 & !y are con/antly increas+4 ,9 ! *ief civilis$ c\ntries ?is inve/igation has _m di/+ui%$ pione]s1 su* z ,pr(4 ,wundt1 ,pr(4 ,t4 ,h4 ,ribot1 & o!rs4 ,9 ,g]many ?is subject has its mo/ important organ 9 ! j\rnal m5tion$ above4 ,x numb]s among its collaborators "s ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ,g]man physiologi/s & psy*ologi/s4 ,z relat$ to ! same subject mu/ be m5tion$ ,wundt's ,philosophis*5 ,/udi51 & p>tly ! ,vi]teljahrs*rift fur ,wiss5s*aftli*ie ,philosophie4 ,9 ,france1 !re 0 f\nd$ 9 #ahid1 ! ,annee ,psy*ologique1 edit$ by ,b9et & ,beaunis1 & also ! ,biblio!que de ,p$agogie et de ,psy*ologie1 edit$ by ,b9et4 ,9 ,engl& !re are ! j\rnals1 ,m9d & ,bra94 ,special laboratories = exp]im5tal psy*ology ) psy*ological app>atus & me?ods ( rese>* are f\nd 9 _m places4 ,9 ,g]many ! fir/ to be f\nd$ 0 t ( ,wundt 9 ! ye> #ahgh at ,leipzig4 ,france has a laboratory = exp]im5tal psy*ology at ,p>is1 9 ! ,sorbonne1 ^: director is ,b9et2 ,italy1 "o 9 ,rome4 ,9 ,am]ica exp]im5tal psy*ology is zeal\sly pursu$4 ,z e>ly z #ahid1 !re 7 9 t c\ntry tw5ty-sev5 laboratories = exp]im5tal psy*ology & f\r j\rnals4 ,!re %\ld also be m5tion$ ! societies = *ild psy*ology4 ,rec5tly "o has be5 f\nd$ 9 ,g]many1 o!rs be=e ?is "t h be5 at "w 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica4 ,a :ole s]ies ( inve/igations c>ri$ out 9 ,kraepel9's laboratory 9 ,heidelb]g are ( ! greate/ value = det]m9+ :at ! bra9 c d 9 ! way ( "w & impressions4 ,an ,engli% speciali/ has ma9ta9$ t ! future1 ?anks to ! mod]n s*ool sy/em1 w be able to get along )\t orig9ally creative m51 because ! receptive activities ( mod]n man w absorb ! coop]ative p[]s ( ! bra9 to ! disadvantage ( ! productive p[]s4 ,& ev5 if ?is 7 n a univ]sally valid /atem5t b only express$ a physiological c]ta9ty1 p w "s day p]haps cease fil+ d[n man's bra9 by t s&pap]+ process call$ a s*ool curriculum4 ,a *ampion ( ! trans=mation ( p$agogy into a psy*o-physiological sci5ce is to be f\nd 9 ,sw$5 9 ! p]son ( ,pr(4 ,hjalm> ,oehrwal :o has discuss$ 9 8 essays native & =eign discov]ies 9 ! field ( psy*ology4 ,"o ( 8 conclusions is t ! s-call$ te*nical ex]cises1 gymna/ics1 manual tra9+1 sloyd1 & ! l1 are n1 z !y are errone\sly call$1 a relaxation f m5tal ov]/ra9 by *ange 9 "w1 b simply a new =m ( bra9 fatigue4 ,all "w1 he f9ds1 done "u conditions ( fatigue is uneconomic :e!r "o reg>ds ! quantity produc$ or its value z an ex]cise4 ,re/ %\ld be no?+ m ?an re/1--fre$om to d only :at "o wants to1 or to d no?+ at all4 ,z to fe>1 he proves1 foll[+ ,b9et's inve/igation 9 ?is subject1 h[ corporal discipl9e1 ?reats1 & ridicule lead to c[>dice2 h[ all ( ^! me?ods are to be reject$ because !y are depress+ & t5d to a dim9ution ( en]gy4 ,he %[s1 moreov]1 h[ fe> c be ov]come progressively1 by /r5g!n+ ! n]v\s sy/em & 9 t way /r5g!n+ ! "*4 ,?is result comes ab\t p>tly :5 all unnecess>y t]roris+ is avoid$1 p>tly :5 *ildr5 are accu/om$ to be> calmly & quietly ! inevitable unpleasantnesses ( dang]4 ,pr(4 ,axel ,key's inve/igations on s*ool *ildr5 h won int]national recognition4 ,9 ,sw$5 !y h suppli$ ! mo/ significant mat]ial up to ! pres5t "t = det]m9+ ! influ5ce ( /udies on physical developm5t & ! results ( intellectual ov]/ra94 ,x is to be hop$ t :5 ?r\gh empirical inve/igation we beg9 to get acqua9t$ ) ! real nature ( *ildr51 ! s*ool & ! home w be fre$ f absurd notions ab\t ! "* & ne$s ( ! *ild1 ^? absurd notions :i* n[ cause pa9ful cases ( physical & psy*ical maltreatm5t1 /ill call$ by consci5ti\s & ?9k+ human be+s 9 s*ools & 9 homes1 education4 ,by ,hel5 ,key ,! ,c5tury ( ! ,*ild ,cr4 #hvo4 ,) ,frontispiece4 ,net1 #a4ej ,,cont5ts3 ,! ,"r ( ! ,*ild to ,*oose ,8 ,p>5ts1 ,! ,unborn ,race & ,woman's ,"w1 ,education1 ,homelessness1 ,s\l ,murd] 9 ! ,s*ools1 ,! ,s*ool ( ! ,future1 ,religi\s ,in/ruction1 ,*ild ,labor & ! ,crimes ( ,*ildr54 ,?is book has gone ?r\gh m ?an tw5ty ,g]man ,editions & has be5 publi%$ 9 sev]al ,european c\ntries4 ,a p[]ful book4--,n4 ,y4 ,times4 ,! ,education ( ! ,*ild ,repr9t$ f ! ,au?oriz$ ,am]ican ,edition ( ,! ,c5tury ( ! ,*ild1 ,) ,introductory ,note by ,,edw>d ,,bok4 ,cr4 #hvo4 ,net #ge c5ts ,no?+ f9] on ! wise education ( ! *ild has ev] be5 br\ght into pr9t4 ,to me ?is *apt] is a p]fect classic2 x po9ts ! way /raight = e p>5t1 & x %\ld f9d a place 9 e home 9 ,am]ica :]e !re is a *ild4--,,edw>d ,,bok1 ,editor ( ! ,ladies' ,home ,j\rnal4 ,love & ,m>riage ,cr4 #hvo ,ell5 ,key is gradually tak+ a hold ^u ! read+ public ( ?is c\ntry comm5surate ) ! enlight5m5t ( h] views4 ,9 ,europe & p>ticul>ly 9 h] own native ,sw$5 h] "n holds an honor$ place z a repres5tative ( progressive ?\ght4 ,new ,york ,g4 ,p4 ,putnam's ,sons ,london ,clev]1 orig9al1 & fasc9at+ ,! ,lo/ ,art ( ,read+ ,m\nt ,tom ,edition ,new ,edition 9 ,two ,volumes ,i4 ,! ,*ild & ! ,book ,a ,manual = ,p>5ts & = ,tea*]s 9 ,s*ools & ,colleges ,,ii4 ,! ,lo/ ,art ( ,read+ or1 ,! ,man & ,! ,book ,two ,volumes1 ,cr[n #hvo4 ,sold sep>ately4 ,ea* net1 #a1ej ,by ,g]ald ,/anley ,lee ,i mu/ express ) y\r connivance ! joy ,i h _h1 ! en?usiasm ,i h felt1 9 gloat+ ov] e page ( :at ,i believe is ! mo/ brilliant book ( any season s9ce ,c>lyle's & ,em]son's p5s 7 laid aside4 ,! title does n h9t at any m ?an a fraction ( ! cont5ts4 ,x is a highly orig9al critique ( phili/9ism & gradgr9dism 9 education1 libr>y sci5ce1 sci5ce 9 g5]al1 & life 9 g5]al4 ,x is full ( humor1 ri* 9 /yle1 & ecc5tric 9 =m & all suffus$ ) ! p]f]vid g5ius ( a man :o is n m]ely a ?9k] b a =ce4 ,e s5t5ce is t+l+ly alive1 & z if furni%$ ) long ant5nae ( sugge/iv5ess4 ,i d n "k :o ,mr4 ,lee is1 b ,i "k ?is--t if he goes on z he has be51 we ne$ no long] :9e t we h no wor?y successors to ! old ,brahm9ical writ]s ( ,new ,engl&4 ,i h be5 read+ ) wond] & laught] & ) l\d *e]s4 ,x is ! ^w ( all words t ne$$ to be spok5 j n[4 ,x makes me believe t aft] all we h n't a great k9d]g>t5 ab\t u 9 au?or%ip1 b t !re is virtue1 race1 sap 9 u yet4 ,i c conceive t ! date ( ! publication ( ?is book may well be ! date ( ! moral & intellectual r5aissance = :i* we h long be5 scann+ ! horizon4--,,wm4 ,,sloane ,,k5n$y 9 ,bo/on ,transcript4