,,! ,,atlantic ,,mon?ly  ,a ,,magaz9e   
,,( ,,lit]ature1 ,,art1 ,,& ,,politics  
,,vol4 ,v1 ,,may1 #ahfj1 ,,no4 ,,xxxi   
,,in/9ct4   ,in/9ct is a great matt]1   
quo? ,fal/aff1 :5 call$ ^u to f9d out a 
device1 a />t+-hole1 to hide himself f !
 op5 & app>5t %ame ( hav+ run away f !  
fight & hack$ 8 sword l a h&saw ) 8 own 
dagg]4 ,l a valiant lion1 he w\ld n turn
 ^u ! true pr9ce1 b ran away ^u in/9ct4 
,al?\gh ! peculi> circum/ances ( !      
occasion ^u :i* ! subject 0 pres5t$ to  
,fal/aff's m9d 7 n v favorable to a calm
 consid]ation ( x1 he 0 und\bt$ly       
correct 9 say+ t in/9ct is a great      
matt]4 ,if1 !n1 ! tree may be kn[n by ! 
fruit1 says ,fal/aff1 z ! fruit by !    
tree1 !n1 p]emptorily ,i speak x1 !re is
 virtue 9 t ,fal/aff2 & x is prop] t 8  
au?ority %\ld be quot$1 ev5 ^u a "q (   
metaphysical sci5ce4  ,t psy*ological   
end[m5t ( animals :i* we d5om9ate in/9ct
 has 9 e age be5 a matt] full ( wond]2 &
 m5 ( ?\ght h f\nd few m int]e/+        
subjects ( inquiry4 ,b x is confess$ t  

little has be5 satisfactorily made out  
conc]n+ ! nature & limitations ( in/9ct4
 ,9 =m] times ! habits & m5tal          
*>act]i/ics ( ^? ord]s ( animat$ be+ :i*
 are inf]ior to man 7 obs]v$ ) b a      
c>eless eye2 & x 0 late be=e ! ph5om5a (
 animal life receiv$ a c>eful & rev]5t  
exam9ation4 ,x is va9 to inquire :at    
in/9ct is1 be=e !re has be5 an accurate 
obs]vation ( its manife/ations4 ,x is   
only f its outw>d manife/ations t we c  
"k any?+ ( t m>vell\s inw>d nature :i*  
is giv5 to animals4 ,we _c "k any?+ ( ! 
ess5tial con/itution ( m9d1 b c "k only 
its prop]ties4 ,?is is all we "k ev5 (  
matt]4 ,if mat]ial exi/5ce1 says ,sir   
,william ,hamilton1 c\ld exhibit t5 ?\s&
 ph5om5a1 & if we possess$ t5 ?\s& s5ses
 to appreh5d ^! t5 ?\s& ph5om5a (       
mat]ial exi/5ce1 ( exi/5ce absolutely & 
9 itself we %\ld be !n z ignorant z we  
are at pres5t4 ,b ?is limitation ( human
 k has n always be5 kept 9 view4 ,m5 h  
be5 solicit\s to p5etrate into ! high]  
my/]ies ( absolute & ess5tial exi/5ce4  

,b 9 ?us rea*+ out aft] ! unatta9able1  
we h (t5 pass$ by ! only k :i* x 0      
possible = u to ga94 ,mu* vague         
speculation conc]n+ in/9ct has aris5 f !
 attempt to resolve ! problem ( its     
ultimate nature2 & p]haps mu* m might h 
be5 made out ) c]ta9ty ab\t x1 if no    
great] task _h be5 attempt$ ?an to      
classify ! ph5om5a :i* x exhibits &     
det]m9e ! nature ( its manife/ations4 ,9
 reg>d to in/9ct1 z well z ev]y?+ else1 
we mu/ be cont5t ) f9d+ out :at x seems 
to u to be1 r ?an :at x is4 ,ev5 ) ?is  
limitation1 ! inquiry w prove           
suffici5tly difficult4 ,! prop]ties (   
in/9ct are a little m inscrutable ?an ^?
 ( ! human m9d1 inasmu* z we h our own  
consci\sness to assi/ u 9 ?is case1 :ile
 we are left to inf] ! peculi>ities (   
in/9ct f its outw>d manife/ations only4 
,& moreov]1 ! inquiry involves an       
und]/&+ ( ! work+s ( ! human m9d2 = x is
 only :5 view$ 9 contra/ ) ! rational   
end[m5ts ( man t ! "* ( in/9ct is be/   
kn[n4 ,all o!r que/ions connect$ ) !    

subject are subord9ate to ?is "o ( !    
app>5t diff]5ce betwe5 in/9ct & reason4 
,_m def9itions h be5 giv5 ( in/9ctive   
actions4 ,^! diff] widely 9 _! ext5t1 & 
are = ! mo/ "p q inadequate4 ,"s writ]s 
h rang$ "u ?is t]m all ^? cu/om>y habits
 & actions :i* are common to all !      
individuals ( a species4 ,accord+ to ?is
 def9ition1 almo/ e action ( animat$    
life is in/9ctive4 ,b ! g5]al idea ( an 
in/9ctive action is mu* m re/rict$2 x is
 "o t is p]=m$ )\t in/ruction & prior to
 exp]i5ce1--& n = ! imm$iate            
gratification ( ! ag5t1 b only z ! means
 = ! atta9m5t ( "s ult]ior end4 ,to     
apply ! t]m in/9ct to ! regul> &        
involunt>y movem5ts ( ! bodily organs1  
su* z ! beat+ ( ! he>t & ! action ( !   
organs ( respiration1 is manife/ly an   
ext5sion ( ! ord9>y acceptation ( ! t]m4
 ,organic actions ( a simil> "* are also
 p]=m$ by plants1 & are purely          
me*anical4 ,9 ! l[e/ & simple/ class (  
excit$ movem5ts1 says ,mll]1 ! n]v\s    
sy/em w\ld n appe> to be conc]n$4 ,!y   

result f /imuli directly appli$ to !    
muscles1 :i* imm$iately excite _!       
contractility2 & !y are evid5tly ( !    
same "* ) ! motions ( plants4 ,?us1 !   
he>t is excit$ to pulsation by ! direct 
contact ( ! blood ) ! muscle4 ,! h& ( a 
sleep+ *ild closes ^u any object :i*    
g5tly t\*es ! palm4 ,& x is 9 ?is way1  
d\btless1 t ! ,sea ,anemone entraps its 
prey1 or any?+ else t may come 9 contact
 ) its t5tacles4 ,b s f> are ^! movem5ts
 f indicat+ ( !mselves ! action ( any   
in/9ctive pr9ciple1 t !y are no pro( (  
animality2 = a precisely analog\s p[] is
 possess$ by ! s5sitive plant kn[n z !  
,fly-,trap ( ,v5us 7,dionoea muscipula73
 any insect t\*+ ! s5sitive hairs on !  
surface ( its leaf in/antly causes !    
leaf to %ut up & enclose ! insect1 z 9 a
 trap2 nor is ?is all2 a mucilag9\s     
secretion acts l a ga/ric juice on !    
captive1 dige/s x1 & r5d]s x assimilable
 by ! plant1 :i* ?us fe$s on ! victim1 z
 ! ,act9ea fe$s on ! ,annelid or        
,cru/acean x may entrap4 ,9 ! animal    

organization a l>ge class ( reflex      
actions are excit$1 n by a direct       
influ5ce1 b indirectly by ! ag5cy ( !   
n]ves & sp9al cord4 ,su* actions are    
ess5tially indep5d5t ( ! bra92 = !y     
occur 9 animals :i* h no bra91 & 9 ^? ^:
 bra9 has be5 remov$4 ,h[ev] m>vell\s ^!
 functions ( organic life may be1 !re is
 no?+ 9 !m at all resembl+ t ag5cy      
prop]ly call$ in/9ct1 :i* may be said to
 take ! place 9 ! inf]ior tribes (      
reason 9 man4 ,to ref] ^! op]ations to !
 same s\rce z ! wond]ful in/9ct t guides
 ! bird 9 its long migratory flight1 or 
9 ! con/ruction ( its ne/1 w\ld be to   
make ! bird a curi\sly con/ruct$ ma*9e  
:i* is op]at$ by impressions f )\t ^u   
its s5ti5t n]ves4  ,^? actions h        
sometimes be5 call$ in/9ctive :i* arise 
f ! appetites & passions2 & !y h be5    
ref]r$ to in/9ct1 d\btless1 because !y h
 "o *>act]i/ic ( in/9ct1--t !y are n    
acquir$ by exp]i5ce or in/ruction4 ,b !y
 diff]1 says ,pr(essor ,b[51 at lea/ 9  
"o important respect f ^? in/9cts ( !   

l[] animals :i* are usually contra/$ )  
human reason4 ,! objects t[>ds :i* !y   
are direct$ are priz$ = _! own sake2 !y 
are s\ght z ends2 :ile in/9ct tea*es    
brutes to d _m ?+s :i* are ne$$ only z  
means = ! atta9m5t ( "s ult]ior purpose4
 ,:5 ! butt]fly extracts ! nect> f !    
fl[]s :i* %e loves mo/1 %e meets a want 
( h] physical nature :i* dem&s          
satisfaction at ! mom5t2 b :51 9        
opposition to h] appetite1 %e proce$s to
 ! fl[]less %rub to deposit h] eggs ^u !
 leaves be/ suit$ to support h]         
un?\ght-( prog5y1 %e is n influ5c$ by   
any desire = ! imm$iate gratification ( 
h] s5ses1 b is l$ to ! act by "s dim    
impulse1 9 ord] t an ultimate object may
 be provid$ = to :i* %e has no ref]5ce  
at ! "t4 ,we are surpris$ to f9d x      
decl>$1 9 ! v int]e/+ ,psy*ological     
,inquiries ( ,sir ,b4,c4 ,brodie1 t !   
desire = food is ! simple/ =m ( an      
in/9ct1 & t su* an in/9ct goes f> t[>ds 
expla9+ o!rs :i* are m complicat$4 ,x is
 true t ! appetites & passions ( animals

 h an ultimate object1 b !y are impell$ 
to action by a desire = imm$iate        
gratification only2 b :5 we speak ( an  
in/9ct1 we mean some?+ m ?an a m]e want 
or desire1--we h *iefly 9 view ! end    
beyond ! bl9d in/rum5tality by :i* x is 
rea*$4  ,:5 we wat* ! movem5ts ( a "y   
bee1 z x fir/ goes =? f its wax5 cradle1
 we are =c$ to recognize an influ5ce at 
"w :i* is unlike reason1 & :i* is nei!r 
appetite nor any me*anical pr9ciple (   
organic life4 ,ris+ ^u ! comb1 & hold+  
/eadily ) its t9y feet1 ) admirable     
adroitness ! "y bee smoo?s its w+s = its
 fir/ flight1 & rubs its body ) its =e  
legs & ant5nae2 !n walk+ along ! comb to
 ! m\? ( ! hive1 x m\nts into ! air1    
flies =? into ! fields1 alights ^u !    
prop] fl[]s1 extracts _! juices1        
collects _! poll51 &1 knead+ x into     
little balls1 deposits !m 9 ! sacks ^u  
its feet2 & !n return+ to its hive1 x   
deliv]s up ! honey & ! wax & ! bread :i*
 x has ga!r$ & elaborat$4 ,9 ! hive x   
works ! wax ) its paws & feel]s into an 

hexagonal cell ) a rhomboidal bottom1 ! 
?ree plates ( :i* =m su* angles ) ea*   
o!r z require ! lea/ wax & space 9 !    
con/ruction ( ! cell4 ,all ^! complex   
op]ations ! bee p]=ms z adroitly1 on !  
fir/ morn+ ( its life1 z ! mo/ exp]i5c$ 
workman 9 ! hive4 ,! tyro ga!r] s\ght ! 
fl[]y fields ^u untri$ w+s1 & return$ to
 its home f ?is fir/ exp$ition ) un]r+  
flight by ! mo/ direct c\rse ?r\gh !    
trackless air4  ,?is is "o in/ance ( t  
great class ( actions :i* are all[$ on  
all h&s to be /rictly in/9ctive4 ,9 !   
fact1 t ! occult faculties :i* urge !   
bee to make honey & con/ruct geometrical
 cells are 9 complete developm5t :5 x   
fir/ em]ges f its cell1 we recognize "o 
( ! mo/ /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( in/9ct1--its
 exi/5ce prior to all exp]i5ce or       
in/ruction4 ,! insect tribes furni% u ) 
_m in/ances 9 :i* ! "y be+ nev] sees its
 p>5ts1 & !re=e all possibility ( its   
pr(it+ f _! in/ructions or ( its imitat+
 _! actions is cut (f4 ,! solit>y wasp1 
= example1 is accu/om$ to con/ruct a    

tunnell$ ne/ 9 :i* %e deposits h] eggs &
 !n br+s a numb] ( liv+ cat]pill>s &    
places !m 9 a hole :i* %e has made above
 ea* egg2 be+ v c>eful to furni% j      
cat]pill>s en\gh to ma9ta9 ! "y worm f !
 "t ( its exclusion f ! egg till x c    
provide = itself1 & to place !m s z to  
be readily accessible ! mom5t food is   
requir$4 ,b :at is mo/ curi\s ( all is !
 fact t ! wasp does n deposit !         
cat]pill>s unhurt1 = ?us !y w\ld di/urb 
or p]haps de/roy ! "y2 nor does %e /+ !m
 to dea?1 = ?us !y w\ld soon be 9 no    
/ate ( prop] pres]vation2 b1 z if       
und]/&+ ^! cont+5cies1 %e inflicts a    
disabl+ w\nd4 ,yet ! wasp does n fe$ ^u 
cat]pill>s h]self1 nor has %e ev] se5 a 
wasp provide !m = h] future (fspr+4 ,%e 
has nev] se5 a worm su* z w spr+ f h]   
egg1 nor c %e "k t h] egg w produce a   
worm2 & besides1 %e h]self w be dead    
long be=e ! unkn[n worm c be 9 exi/5ce4 
,!re=e %e works bl9dly2 )\t kn[+ t h] "w
 is to subs]ve any useful purpose1 %e   
works to a purpose bo? def9ite &        

important2 & h] acts are uni=m ) ^? (   
all solit>y wasps t h liv$ be=e h] or t 
w live aft] h]2 s t we are compell$ to  
ref] ^! untaught actions to "s con/ant  
impulse connect$ ) ! special            
organization ( ! wasp1--an innate tact1 
uni=m ?r\gh\t ! species1 ( :i* we1 n    
possess+ any?+ ( ! k9d1 c =m only a poor
 conception1 b :i* we call in/9ct4  ,!re
 h be5 "s philosoph]s1 h[ev]1 :o h      
ex]cis$ _! +5uity 9 trac+ s-call$       
in/9ctive actions to ! op]ation (       
exp]i5ce4 ,! celebrat$ ,doctor ,erasmus 
,d>w9 gave1 z an illu/ration ( ?is view1
 8 op9ion t ! "y ( animals "k h[ to     
swall[ f _! exp]i5ce ( swall[+ 9 ut]o4  
,)\t go+ into any refutation ( ?is      
position1 we w\ld only rem>k1 9 pass+1 t
 ! act ( swall[+ is n an in/9ctive      
action at all1 b a purely me*anical "o4 
,w\ld n ,doctor ,d>w9 h rejoic$ greatly1
 if he c\ld h br\ght to ! support ( 8   
!ory ! obs]vation ( our own great       
naturali/1 ,agassiz1 :o1 kn[+ ! savage  
snap ( "o ( ! l>ge1 full-gr[n           

,te/ud9ata1 is said to h ass]t$1 t1 "u !
 microscope1 he has se5 ! juv5ile turtle
 snapp+ precoci\sly 9 embryo8  ,b n only
 is in/9ct prior to all exp]i5ce1 x is  
ev5 sup]ior to x1 & (t5 leads animals to
 disreg>d x1--! spontane\s impulse :i*  
,nature has giv5 !m be+ _! be/ guide4 ,!
 c>ri]-pigeon or ! bird ( passage1 tak5 
a long di/ance f home by a circuit\s    
r\te1 tru/+ to ?is pilot-s5se1 flies    
back 9 a /raight c\rse2 & ! h\nd takes !
 %orte/ way home ?r\gh fields :]e he has
 nev] previ\sly set foot4  ,! exi/5ce ( 
in/9ct prior to all exp]i5ce or         
in/ruction1 & its p]fection 9 ! beg9n+1 
r5d] cultivation & improvem5t n only    
unnecess>y1 b impossible4 ,z x is ) !   
individual1 s x is ) ! race4 ,"o        
g5]ation ( ! irrational tribes does n   
improve ^u ! prec$+ or educate its      
successor4 ,! web :i* y wat*$ ! spid]   
weav+ 9 y\r op5 w9d[ la/ summ]1 c>efully
 measur+ (f ea* radius ( h] :eel & ea*  
circul> me% by "o ( h] legs1 0 j su* a  
web z ! spid] wove ( old :5 %e 0        

pron\nc$ to be little ^u ! e>?1 yet     
exce$+ wise4  ,?is incapacity =         
education is :at s widely sep>ates      
in/9ct f ! rational p[]s ( man4 ,man    
ga!rs k & transmits x f g5]ation to     
g5]ation4 ,he is n born ) a ready skill1
 b ) a capacity = x4 ,8 m9d is =m$      
de/itute ( all connate k1 t x may       
acquire ! k ( all ?+s4 ,man's           
imp]fection at 8 nativity is 8          
p]fection2 :ile ! p]fection ( brutes at 
_! nativity is _! imp]fection4 ,no      
rational be+ has ev] arriv$ at su*      
p]fection t he _c /ill improve2 he c    
travel on f "o atta9m5t to ano!r 9 a    
p]petual progress ( improvem5t4 ,he is1 
moreov]1 free to *oose 8 own pa? (      
action2 :ile ! be+ ( in/9ct is gov]n$ by
 a p[] :i* is n subject to 8 w1 & :i*   
conf9es him to a n>r[ pa? :i* he _c     
leave4 ,b in/9ct1 )9 its n>r[ limits1 9 
_m cases q transc5ds reason 9 its       
a*ievem5ts4    ,man's atta9m5ts 9 8 own 
conc]ns1   ,mat*$ ) ! exp]tness ( !     
brutes 9 !irs1   ,are (ttimes vanqui%$ &

 ?r[n f> beh9d4  ,p]haps man has nev]   
made a /ructure z p]fect 9 all its      
adaptations z ! honeycomb4 ,yet :5      
,virgil spoke ( ! belief t bees h a     
portion ( ! m9d div9e1 no?+ 0 kn[n ( !  
wond]ful ma!matical prop]ties ( ?is     
beautiful fabric2 & ! demon/ration ( !m 
:i* has be5 made )9 ! pres5t c5tury is  
beyond ! compreh5sion ( f> ! l>g] "p (  
mank9d4 ,if ! bee compreh5d$ ! problem  
:i* x has be5 work+ out = ^! _m ages    
be=e man 0 able to solve x1 w\ld its    
intellectual p[]s be inf]ior to 8 9     
degree1 if !y 7 ! same 9 k9d8 ,!        
wat]-spid] weaves = h]self a cocoon1    
makes x imp]vi\s to wat]1 & fa/5s x by  
loose ?reads to ! leaves ( plants gr[+  
at ! bottom ( a /ill pool4 ,%e c>ries   
d[n air 9 a bag made = ?is purpose1 till
 ! wat] is expell$ f ! cell ?r\gh ! op5+
 bel[4 ,! spid] liv$ q dry 9 h] little  
air-*amb] b5ea? ! wat] ages be=e !      
div+-bell 0 inv5t$2 b t %e und]/ood     
any?+ ( ! doctr9es ( space & gravity1 no
 "o w\ld v5ture to ass]t4  ,x has be5 ! 

belief ( "s philosoph]s1 & poets z well1
 t man has tak5 ! h9t = "s ( ! arts he  
n[ practises f ! brute creation4        
,democritus repres5ts him z hav+ d]iv$ !
 arts ( weav+ & sew+ f ! spid]1 & ! art 
( build+ ( temp]$ clay f ! swall[2 & we 
also read 9 ,pl9y's ,natural ,hi/ory1 t 
! ne/ ( ! swall[ sugge/$ to ,toxius1 !  
son ( ,coelus1 ! inv5tion ( mort>4      
,accord+ to ,lucretius1 m5 le>n$ music f
 ! song ( birds1 & ,pope describes !m z 
le>n+ f ! mole to pl\gh1 f ! nautilus to
 sail1 & f bees & ants to =m a political
 community4 ,p]haps we 7 beh9d ! beav] 9
 fell+ timb]1 9 lead+ dams across riv]s1
 & 9 build+ cab9 villages1--beh9d ! wasp
 9 mak+ pap]1 & beh9d ! squirrel & spid]
 9 cross+ /reams ^u rafts4 ,s1 if man _h
 ne$$ any example ( w> & viol5ce &      
wrong1 he _h only to g to ! ant-hill &  
see ! r$ ants invade ! camps ( ! black &
 be> (f _! little negro prison]s into   
slav]y4  ,:atev] tru? !re may be 9 ^!   
ideas1 x is at lea/ conceivable t man   
may h pr(it$ f ! example ( ^! animals4  

,he has copi$ f patt]ns set by ,nature 9
 tree & leaf & fl[] & plant2 he has =m$ 
! ,go?ic ar* & column f ! trunks &      
int]lac+ b\ghs ( ! l(ty av5ue1 !        
,cor9?ian capital f ! acan?us foliage   
embrac+ a basket1 & classic urns & vases
 f fl[]s4 ,b no "o c\ld describe "o     
species ( ! brute _w z hav+ d]iv$ a     
simil> lesson f ano!r1 & mu* less f     
trees & plants4 ,no species ( animals   
has le>nt any?+ new ev5 f man1 except )9
 ! n>r[ sph]e ( dome/ication4  ,x is    
only 9 p>ticul>s t in/9ct appe>s sup]ior
 to reason 9 ! works x a*ieves4 ,:5 an  
animal is tak51 ev] s little1 out ( !   
ord9>y circum/ances 9 :i* its in/9cts   
act1 x is apt to behave v fooli%ly4 ,if 
a woodpeck]'s egg is hat*$ by a bird :i*
 builds an op5 ne/ ^u ! bran*es ( a     
tree1 :5 ! "y bird is gr[n l>ge en\gh to
 %uffle ab\t 9 ! ne/1 induc$ by its     
in/9ct to suppose t its ne/ is 9 a hole 
wall$ r\nd on all sides by ! tree1 ) a  
long1 n>r[ entrance d[n f above1 x does 
n see t x has be5 induct$ into ! op5 ne/

 ( ano!r bird1 & is sure to tumble out4 
,! bee & ! ant1 9 a few p>ticul>s1 %[   
wond]ful sagacity2 b remove !m f ! n>r[ 
compass ( _! in/9cts1 & all _! wisdom is
 at an end4 ,t animals are s wise 9 a   
few ?+s & s want+ 9 wisdom 9 all o!rs   
%[s t !y are end[$ ) a m5tal pr9ciple   
ess5tially ( a diff]5t nature f t ( !   
human race4 ,!y d _m ?+s ev5 bett] ?an  
ourselves1 says ,desc>tes2 b ?is does n 
prove !m to be end[$ ) reason1 = ?is    
w\ld prove !m to h m reason ?an we h1 & 
t !y %\ld excel u 9 all o!r ?+s also2 = 
reason c act n only 9 "o direction1 b 9 
all4  ,b x w be said t in/9ct is n      
inv>iable1--t x (t5 displays a capacity 
( accommodat+ itself1 l reason1 to      
circum/ances1 & is !re=e a pr9ciple !   
same 9 k9d ) x1--or else t ! animal has 
some?+ ( ! rational faculty sup]add$ to 
! in/9ctive4 ,b does ! animal make ^!   
v>iations 9 its conduct f a true        
p]ception ( _! mean+ & purpose8  ,x is v
 natural = u to ascribe to reason ^?    
actions ( o!r animals :i* w\ld be       

ascribable to reason1 if p]=m$ by man4  
,if1 says ,kell]1 7an old ,g]man writ]17
 ! fly be enabl$ to *oose ! place :i*   
suits h] be/ = ! deposition ( h] eggs1  
7z1 = in/ance1 9 my sug>-bas91 9 :i* ,i 
plac$ a quantity ( decay+ :eat17 %e     
takes a correct survey ( e "p & selects 
t 9 :i* %e believes h] ova w be ! be/   
pres]v$ & h] "y ones well c>$ =4 ,! fly1
 9 ?is in/ance1 app>5tly ex]cises an    
intellig5t *oice2 b does any "o d\bt t !
 selection %e makes is det]m9$ :olly by 
a bl9d1 uncalculat+ in/9ct8 ,! beav]    
selects a site = 8 dam at a place :]e ! 
dep?1 wid?1 & rapidity ( ! /ream are mo/
 fit4 ,!re is a tree ^u ! bank1 & food &
 mat]ials = 8 "w 9 ! vic9ity4 ,if a man 
%\ld attempt to build a beav]'s dam1 he 
w\ld ab/ractly consid] all ^! elem5ts ( 
fitness4 ,! outw>d manife/ations ( !    
quality ( ab/raction are equally        
obs]vable 9 ei!r case4 ,b we mu/ n      
ha/ily conclude1 because ! beav] 9 "o   
in/ance acts 9 a mann] app>5tly         
reasonable1 t he has any reason ( 8 own2

 =1 :5 we come to /udy ! habits ( ?is   
animal1 we f9d t he displays all !      
*>act]i/ics ( ! in/9ctive pr9ciple4 ,if 
animals are end[$ ) in/9cts :i* app>5tly
 act s mu* l reason 9 ! ord9>y c\rse (  
_! op]ations1 we %\ld n at once conclude
 t !re is any ne$ ( end[+ !m ) a modicum
 ( reason to acc\nt = _! deviations f   
?is c\rse1 :i* d n outw>dly resemble !  
acts ( reason any m /rongly4 ,& besides1
 x is said1 t1 if we ref] ! v>iations to
 an intellig5t pr9ciple1 we mu/ ref] !  
ord9>y conduct to ! same pr9ciple4 ,to  
use an old illu/ration1--if a bird is   
reasonable & intellig5t1 :51 on p]ceiv+ 
! swoll5 wat]s ( ! /ream approa* h]     
half-f9i%$ ne/1 %e builds high] up !    
bank1 %e 0 intellig5t :ile mak+ h] fir/ 
ne/1 & 0 always intellig5t2 = h[        
o!rwise1 x is ask$1 c\ld %e "k :5 to lay
 d[n in/9ct & take up reason8  ,in/9ct  
aims at c]ta9 def9ite ends2 b ^! ends _c
 always be rea*$ by ! same means1       
especially :5 places & circum/ances are 
n ! same4 ,accommodation is necess>y1 or

 x c\ld n always produce ! effects = :i*
 x is int5d$4 ,w\ld ! in/9ct ( ! spid]  
be complete1 if1 aft] x has guid$ h] to 
sp9 a web s neat & trim & regul>1 x did 
n also lead h] to repair h] brok5 sn>e1 
:5 ! cords h be5 sund]$ by ! /ruggles ( 
"s p[]ful captive8 ,b ?is pliancy ( !   
spid]'s in/9ct is no m rem>kable ?an !  
cont+5t op]ation ( ! in/9cts ( _m       
species ( animals4 ,x is rem>kable1 says
 ,kirby1 t _m ( ! insects :i* are       
occasionally obs]v$ to emigrate are n   
usually social animals1 b seem to       
congregate1 l swall[s1 m]ely = ! purpose
 ( emigration4 ,:5 c]ta9 r>e em]g5cies  
occur1 :i* r5d] x necess>y = ! insects  
to migrate1 a cont+5t in/9ct develops   
itself1 & r5d]s an unsocial species     
greg>i\s4  ,x is probable t mo/ ( our   
dome/icat$ species1 exhibit+ z !y d 9 t 
condition atta9m5ts =eign to _! natural 
habits & faculties 9 a wild /ate1 7     
end[$ ) provisional in/9cts ) a view to 
_! association ) man4 ,b g5]ally !      
docility ( animals does n ext5d to      

atta9m5ts :i* are radically diff]5t f _!
 habits & faculties 9 a wild /ate4      
,casual acquirem5ts1 :i* h no relation  
to _! exig5cies 9 _! natural condition1 
nev] become h]$it>y1 & are n1 !re=e1    
in/9ctive4 ,a "y po9t]-dog1 :i* has nev]
 be5 9 ! fields be=e1 w n only po9t at a
 covey ( p>tridges1 b w rema9           
motionless1 l a well-tra9$ dog4 ,! fact 
t ! sagacity ( ! po9t] is h]$it>y %[s t 
x is ! developm5t ( an in/9ctive        
prop5sity2 = simple k is n transmitt$ by
 blood f "o g5]ation to ano!r4 ,we h    
he>d ( a pig t po9t$ game1 & ( ano!r t 0
 le>n$ 9 lett]s2 b we asc]ta9 9 e su*   
in/ance t _! =eign acquirem5ts d n      
reappe> 9 _! prog5y1 b end ) ! pupils ( 
! "t be+4 ,! pig's peculi>ity ( po9t+   
did n arise f ! developm5t ( a          
provisional in/9ct1 because x does n    
become h]$it>y2 b ! same act 9 !        
po9t]-dog is in/9ctive1--=1 :5 once     
br\ght out by associat+ ) man1 x has    
rema9$ ) ! bre$1 be+ a "p ( ! animal's  
nature1 :i* exi/$ 9 embryo till x 0     

develop$ by a companion%ip ) man1 = ^:  
use ?is faculty 0 alone int5d$4  ,al?\gh
 ! animals :i* especially display ^!    
exceptional or cont+5t in/9cts are ^?   
:i* are fitt$ = ! use & com=t ( man &   
may be dome/icat$1 x is d\btless true t 
_m o!r species are 9 "s degree provid$ )
 !m1 & t !y ?us h a pla/icity 9 _!      
nature :i* enables !m to ex]cise1 "u    
p>ticul> circum/ances1 unlook$-=        
att5tion1 =esight1 & caution4 ,&        
besides1 x is only 9 analogy ) ! laws ( 
! physical _w t in/9ct %\ld admit ( a   
slightly div]sifi$ application4  ,x is  
to be notic$ 9 ?is connection t _m      
animals are gift$ ) a wond]ful          
s5sibility ( ! s5ses1--! action ( :i* is
 sometimes mi/ak5 n only = ! action (   
in/9ct1 b = t ( reason also4 ,! acut5ess
 ( ! s5se ( smell 9 ! dog1 :i* enables  
him to trace ! /eps ( 8 ma/] = miles    
?r\gh cr[d$ /reets by ! inf9itesimal    
odor :i* 8 foot/eps left ^u ! pavem5t1  
is q beyond our conception4 ,equally    
incompreh5sible to u are ! ke5ness (    

sight & wide range ( vision ( ! eagle1  
:i* enable him to discov] ! rabbit nipp+
 ! clov] amid ! ?ick grass at a di/ance 
at :i* a l object w\ld be to u altoge!r 
imp]ceptible4 ,! *ameleon is enabl$ to  
seize ! little insects ^u :i* x fe$s by 
d>t+ =? its wond]fully con/ruct$ tongue 
) su* rapidity & ) su* delicacy (       
p]ception t wond]-lov+ sages h told u t 
x fe$s ^u ! air4  ,x has be5 ! belief ( 
"s obs]v]s t "s animals h s5ses by :i*  
!y are enabl$ to take cognizance ( ?+s  
:i* are n reveal$ directly to our s5ses4
 ,x is easy en\gh to conceive ( be+s    
end[$ ) a m p]fect p]ception ( ! ext]nal
 _w1 bo? 9 its condition & ! numb] (    
objects x pres5ts1 ?an we h1 by means ( 
o!r organs ( outw>d p]ception4          
,voltaire1 9 "o ( 8 philosophical       
romances1 repres5ts an inhabitant ( "o (
 ! planets ( ! ,dog-,/> z inquir+ ( !   
,secret>y ( ! ,academy ( ,sci5ces 9 !   
planet ( ,saturn1 at :i* he _h rec5tly  
arriv$ 9 a j\rney ?r\gh ! heav5s1 h[ _m 
s5ses ! m5 ( 8 globe _h2 & :5 !         

,academician answ]$1 t !y _h sev5ty-two1
 & 7 e day compla9+ ( ! smallness ( !   
numb]1 he ( ! ,dog-,/> repli$1 t 9 8    
globe !y _h v ne> "o ?\s& s5ses1 & yet )
 all ^! !y felt cont9ually a sort (     
li/less inquietude & vague desire :i*   
told !m h[ v imp]fect !y 74 ,b we %all n
 travel s f> z ?is = our illu/rations4  
,we h all se5 9 ! fields & ab\t our     
h\ses birds & insects :i* seem to take  
cognizance ( ! electric /ate ( !        
atmosph]e2 & we h le>nt to feel q sure1 
:51 e>ly 9 ! morn+ ( a summ]'s day1 we  
see fre% piles ( s& ar\nd ! holes ( !   
ants1 t a /orm is approa*+1 al?\gh ! sky
 may z yet be cl\dless & ! air p]fectly 
s]5e4 ,9 l mann] birds p]ceive ! approa*
 ( ra91 & are all busy oil+ & smoo?+ _! 
fea!rs 9 prep>ation = x2 & !n1 be=e !   
cl\ds break away1 !y come out f _!      
retreats & joyfully hail ! return ( fair
 wea!r4 ,s1 by "s analog\s s5se1 ! birds
 ( passage are in=m$ ( ! approa* ( w9t] 
& ! return ( spr+4  ,x is d\btless true 
t 9 "s animals ! s5ses are imm$iately   

connect$ ) in/9cts :i* assi/ & ext5d _! 
op]ation4 ,metaphysicians & physiologi/s
 are agre$ t ! p]ception ( di/ance is an
 acquir$ k4 ,! s5se ( sight by itself   
pr9cipally makes u conv]sant ) ext5sion 
only4 ,! pa9t+ ^u ! ret9a ( ! eye       
pres5ts all ext]nal ?+s ) flat surfaces 
& at ! same di/ance4 ,be=e we c h any   
correct ideas ( di/ance1 we mu/ be able 
to comp>e ! result ( ! s5se ( sight ) ! 
result ( ! s5se ( feel+4 ,by exp]i5ce we
 9 "t come to judge some?+ ( di/ance by 
! size ( ! image :i* an object makes ^u 
! ret9a1 b m by our acquir$ k ( ! =m &  
color ( ext]nal ?+s4 ,x is true t ! eyes
 ( _m animals are con/ruct$ l ^? ( man2 
b !y d n le>n to judge ( di/ance by !   
same sl[ process4 ,x is kn[n f exp]im5t 
t "s animals h a p]fect conception (    
di/ance at ! mom5t ( _! bir?2 & ! "y ( !
 great] "p ( animals possess "s         
in/9ctive p]ception ( ?is k9d4 ,a       
flycat*]1 = example1 j come out ( its   
%ell1 has be5 se5 to peck at an insect )
 an aim z p]fect z if x _h be5 all its  

life engag$ 9 le>n+ ! art4 ,& s :5 ! h5 
takes h] *ick5s out into ! field = !    
fir/ "t to fe$1 !y seem to p]ceive v    
di/9ctly ! relative di/ance ( all       
objects ab\t !m1 & w run by ! /raighte/ 
c\rse :5 %e calls !m to pick up ! little
 gra9s :i* %e po9ts out to !m4 ,)\t ?is 
in/9ctive p[] ( det]m9+ ! relative      
di/ance & figure ( objects1 ! "y ( mo/  
animals w\ld p]i% be=e _! s5se ( sight  
c\ld be p]fect$1 z ours is1 by exp]i5ce4
  ,we h n[ notic$ ! *ief *>act]i/ics (  
in/9ct3 its exi/5ce prior to all        
exp]i5ce or in/ruction2 its incapacity (
 improvem5t1 except )9 ! n>r[ sph]e (   
dome/ication2 its limitation to a few   
objects1 & ! c]ta9ty ( its action )9 ^! 
limits2 ! di/9ctness & p]man5ce ( its "*
 = ea* species2 & its con/ant h]$it>y   
nature4 ,9 reg>d to ! uni=mity ( in/9ct 
?r\gh\t ea* species1 x may be fur!r     
rem>k$1 t ?is seems to be v con/antly   
pres]v$ 9 ! l[e/ divisions ( ! animal   
k+dom4 ,among ! ,articulates1 also1     
in/9ct appe>s almo/ unv>y+2 & x is 9 ?is

 dep>tm5t among ! insect tribes t ! mo/ 
/rik+ manife/ations ( in/9ct are to be  
met )4 ,:5 we arrive among ! high] ord]s
 ( ! ,v]tebrates1 we f9d 9 "s species t 
ea* individual is capable ( "s          
modification ( its actions1 accord+ to !
 p>ticul> circum/ances 9 :i* x f9ds     
itself plac$4 ,b ?r\gh\t ! long s]ies ( 
animals1 f ! polype to man1 !re is      
in/9ctive action m or less 9 am\nt 9 e  
species1 )1 p]haps1 ! exception ( man   
alone4 ,! v>iety ( t end[m5t1 :i* is    
adapt$ to def9ite objects1 means1 &     
results1 9 ea* p>ticul> "o ( ! five     
hundr$ ?\s& species e/imat$ to be n[    
liv+1 may well call =? our admiration & 
a/oni%m5t at ! magnitude & ext5t ( !    
prospective contrivance ( ! ,creator4   
,h[ v>i\s ! relations ( all ^! animals  
to ea* o!r & to ! inanimate _w ab\t !m6 
& yet h[ admirable ! adju/m5ts ( t      
immat]ial pr9ciple :i* regulates _!     
lives1 s z to secure ! well-be+ ( ea* & 
! symmetry ( ! g5]al plan6  ,!re has be5
 mu* div]sity ( op9ion z to ! exi/5ce ( 

in/9cts 9 ! human species1--"s mak+ !   
:ole m9d ( man no?+ b a bundle (        
in/9cts1 & o!rs :olly d5y+ him any      
end[m5t ( ?is nature1 :ile o!rs /ill h  
giv5 him a complex m5tal nature1 & h1   
moreov]1 decl>$ t intellect & in/9ct 9  
him are s int]wov5 t x is impossible to 
tell :]e ! "o beg9s & ! o!r ends4 ,b we 
believe1 ) ! au?or ( ,anci5t            
,metaphysics1 t 9 ,nature1 h[ev]        
intimately ?+s are bl5d$ toge!r & run   
into ea* o!r l diff]5t %ades ( ! same   
color1 ! species ( ?+s are absolutely   
di/9ct1 & t !re are c]ta9 fix$ b\nd>ies 
:i* sep>ate !m1 h[ev] difficult x may be
 = u to f9d !m out4 ,9 reg>d to         
intellig5ce & in/9ct1 ! two pr9ciples   
seem to u to be n m di/9ctly & widely   
sep>at$ 9 _! nature ?an 9 ! prov9ces (  
_! op]ation4  ,sir ,h5ry ,holl&1 :o     
believes t intellig5ce & in/9ct are     
bl5d$ 9 man1 admits t in/9cts1 prop]ly s
 call$1 =m ! m9imum 9 relation to       
reason1 & are difficult ( def9ition f _!
 connection ) 8 high] m5tal functions1 b

 t1 :]ev] we c truly di/+ui% !m1 !y are 
! same 9 pr9ciple & mann] ( op]ation z  
^? ( o!r animals4 ,he makes "o          
di/9ction1 h[ev]1 betwe5 ! in/9cts ( man
 & ^? ( l[] animals1--t 9 ! =m] !y h m (
 individual "*1 are f> less num]\s &    
def9ite 9 relation to ! physical        
conditions ( life1 & m v>i\s & ext5sive 
9 reg>d to 8 moral nature4 ,b1 on ! o!r 
h&1 ,sir ,b4,c4 ,brodie seems to be (   
op9ion t ! majority ( in/9cts belong+ to
 man resemble ^? ( ! inf]ior animals1   
inasmu* z !y relate to ! pres]vation ( !
 individual & ! cont9uation ( ! species2
 & t :5 man fir/ began to exi/1 & = "s  
g5]ations aft]w>ds1 ! range ( 8 in/9cts 
0 mu* m ext5sive ?an x is at ! pres5t   
"t4 ,:5 au?orities s em95t z ^! diff] s 
widely ^u ! "q1 to :at human in/9cts    
relate1 we see at lea/ t x is v         
difficult to def9e & di/+ui% ^! in/9cts1
 & we may be l$ to d\bt _! exi/5ce at   
all4 ,( t m>vell\s end[m5t :i* guides ! 
bee to fabricate its cells accord+ to   
laws ( ! mo/ rigid ma!matical exactness1

 & guides ! swall[ 9 its long flight to 
its w9t] home1 we agree ) ,pr(essor     
,b[51 t !re is no trace :atev] 9 human  
nature4 ,! actions ( man :i* h be5      
loosely describ$ z in/9ctive belong = ! 
mo/ "p to ^? classes ( actions :i* we h 
already %[n to be 9 no prop] s5se ( ! ^w
 in/9ctive1 t is1 ^? conc]n$ 9 !        
appetites & 9 ! functions ( organic     
life4 ,!re are also num]\s automatic &  
habitual actions :i* are liable to be   
mi/ak5 = in/9cts4 ,"s h includ$ 9 !     
category ( in/9cts ^? intuitive         
p]ceptions & prim>y beliefs :i* are a "p
 ( our con/itution1 & are ! f\ndation ( 
all our k4 ,b ^! prop5sities ( ?\ght &  
feel+ are ( a high] nature ?an m]e      
in/9cts2 !y are immutable laws ( ! human
 m9d1 :i* "t & physical *anges _c rea*3 
!y d n seem to dep5d ^u ! physical      
organization1 b to be inh]5t 9 ! s\l    
itself4 ,if ^! are in/9cts1 !n1 :y are n
 all ! ways 9 :i* ! m9d ex]ts itself    
in/9cts also1 & reason itself an in/9ct8
  ,!re is h>dly any human action1 feel+1

 or belief1 :i* has n be5 rang$ "u ! t]m
 in/9ct4 ,hung] & ?ir/ h be5 call$      
in/9cts2 s h ! faculty ( spee*1 ! use ( 
! "r h& 9 pref]5ce to ! left1 ! love (  
society1 ! desire to possess prop]ty1 ! 
desire to avoid dang] & prolong life1 & 
! belief 9 sup]natural ag5cies1 ^u :i*  
is engraft$ ! religi\s s5tim5t4 ,we _c1 
9 ?is pap]1 attempt to analyze ^! & _m  
o!r simil> examples :i* h be5 giv5 z    
illu/rations ( in/9ct 9 treatises ( high
 repute1 & %[ t !y d n at all come )9 t 
class ( actions :i* we contra/ ) reason4
 ,9 reg>d to ^? actions ( e>ly infancy  
:i* h (t5 be5 adduc$ z illu/rations (   
in/9ct1 ! physiologi/s ( ! pres5t day   
are agre$ t !y are z me*anical z ! act (
 brea?+4 ,to place ^! ^u ! same level ) 
! complex & wond]ful op]ations ( ! bee1 
! ant1 & ! beav]1 is to admit t !       
in/9cts ( ! latt] are m]ely reflex      
actions foll[+ impressions on ! n]ves ( 
s5se4  ,on ! o!r h&1 :e!r ! animals     
inf]ior to man ev] ex]cise any consci\s 
process ( reason+ is a "q :i* has (t5   

be5 discuss$1 & ^u :i* !re is no g5]al  
agreem5t4 ,in/ances ( ! rem>kable       
sagacity ( "s dome/icat$ animals are (t5
 adduc$ z pro(s ( reason+ on _! "p4 ,"s 
( ^! wond]ful feats may be trac$ to !   
unconsci\s faculty ( imitation1 :i* ev5 
9 man (t5 appe>s z a bl9d prop5sity1    
al?\gh he ex]cises an active & rational 
imitation z well4 ,sometimes ! m]e      
association ( ideas1 or ! p]ception by  
animals t "o ?+ is accompani$ by ano!r  
or t "o ev5t foll[s ano!r1 is mi/ak5 = t
 high] pr9ciple :i* 9 man judges1       
reflects1 & und]/&s causes & effects4   
,:5 ! dog sees 8 ma/] take d[n 8 gun1 8 
bl&i%m5ts %[ t he anticipates a r5ewal (
 ! pleasures ( ! *ase4 ,he does n       
reflect ^u pa/ pleasures2 b1 see+ ! gun 
9 8 ma/]'s h&1 a confus$ idea ( ! feel+s
 t 7 associat$ ) ! gun 9 times pa/ is   
call$ up4 ,s ! ox & ! horse le>n to     
associate c]ta9 movem5ts ) ! voice &    
ge/ure ( man4 ,& s a fi%1 ab\t ! mo/    
/upid ( all animals1 comes to a c]ta9   
spot at a c]ta9 signal to be f$4 ,^!    

comb9ations are q elem5t>y4 ,?is is q   
ano!r ?+ f t reciprocal action ( ideas  
on ea* o!r by :i* man p]ceives !        
relations ( ?+s1 und]/&s ! laws ( cause 
& effect1 & n only =ms judgm5ts ( ! pa/1
 b draws conclusions :i* are laws = !   
future4 ,we f9d 9 ! brute no p[] (      
att5d+ to & arrang+ its ?\ghts1--no p[] 
( call+ up ! pa/ at w & reflect+ ^u x4  
,! animal has ! faculty ( memory1 &1 :5 
?is is awak5$1 ! object rememb]$ may be 
accompani$ by a tra9 or att5dance (     
accessory notions :i* h be5 connect$ ) !
 object 9 ! animal's pa/ exp]i5ce4 ,b x 
nev] seems to be able to ex]cise !      
purely volunt>y act ( recollection4 ,x  
is n capable ( comp>+ "o ?+ ) ano!r1 s  
f> z we c judge4 ,if ! animal c\ld      
ex]cise any true act ( comp>ison1 !re   
w\ld be no limit to ! ex]cise ( x1 & !  
animal w\ld be an intellig5t be+2 = !   
result ( a simple act ( comp>ison is    
judgm5t1 & reason+ is only a d\ble act (
 comp>ison4 ,we h ! au?ority ( ,sir     
,william ,hamilton = say+ t ! highe/    

function ( m9d is no?+ high] ?an        
comp>ison4 ,h5ce comes ?\ght1--h5ce1 !  
p[] ( discov]+ tru?1--& h5ce1 ! m9d's   
highe/ dignity1 9 be+ able to asc5d     
unassi/$ to ! k ( a ,god4 ,^? :o hold t 
! m9ds ( ! inf]ior animals are          
ess5tially ( ! same nature ) t ( ! human
 race1 & diff] only 9 degree1 %\ld      
reflect t ! di/+ui%+ attribute ( ! human
 m9d does n admit ( degrees4 ,! faculty 
( comp>ison1 9 all its v>i\s            
applications1 mu/ be ei!r :olly d5i$ or 
else :olly attribut$4 ,h5ce1 ,pope is n 
philosophical1 :5 he applies ! epi!t    
half-reason+ to ! elephant4 ,z reason+1 
says ,col]idge1 consi/s :olly 9 a man's 
p[] ( see+ :e!r any two ideas :i* happ5 
to be 9 8 m9d are or are n 9            
contradiction ) ea* o!r1 x foll[s (     
necessity1 n only t all m5 h reason1 b t
 e individual has x 9 ! same degree4 ,we
 ga!r also f ! same acute writ] t 9 !   
simple det]m9ation1 black is n :ite1 all
 ! p[]s are impli$ t di/+ui% man f o!r  
animals4 ,if1 !n1 ! brute reason$ at    

all1 he w\ld be a rational be+1 & w\ld  
improve & ga9 k by exp]i5ce2 &1 moreov]1
 he w\ld be a moral ag5t1 acc\ntable = 8
 conduct4 ,w\ld n ! brute1 asks an able 
writ] 9 ! ,zological ,j\rnal1 take a    
survey ( 8 l[] p[]s1 & w\ld he n1 z man 
does1 ei!r rightly use or p]v]t !m1 at 8
 pleasure8  ,x has be5 sugge/$ by "s "o1
 t1 by ! law ( m]ciful adaptation1 :i*  
ext5ds ?r\gh\t ! univ]se1 ?\ght w\ld n  
be imprison$ & p5t up =ev] 9 an         
intellig5ce want+ ! p[] ( expression4 ,b
 x is also to be notic$ t ! want ( an   
articulate language or a sy/em ( g5]al  
signs puts x out ( ! p[] ( animals to   
p]=m a s+le act ( reason+4 ,! use (     
language to communicate wants & feel+s  
is n peculi> to ^w-divid+ m51 ?\gh      
enjoy$ by !m 9 a mu* high] degree ?an by
 o!r animals4 ,d\btless e species (     
social animals has "s k9d ( language1   
h[ev] imp]fect x may be4 ,we nev] wat* !
 busy work]s ( ! ant-hill1 says ,a*eta  
,dome/ics1 7! au?or ( ,episodes (       
,insect-,life17 /opp+ z !y enc\nt] &    

lay+ _! heads toge!r1 )\t be+ pretty    
c]ta9 t !y are say+ to ea* o!r some?+ q 
z significant z ',f9e day4' ,& :5 !     
morn+ wakes ! *oral song ( ! birds1 !y  
seem to be tell+ ea* o!r ( _! happ9ess4 
,b ?\gh animals h a language appropriate
 to ! expression ( _! s5sations &       
emotions1 !y h no words1 ^? %ad[s ( !   
s\l1 ^? liv+ s\nds4 ,words are symbols (
 ?\ghts1 & may be consid]$ z a          
revelation ( ! human m9d4 ,x is ?is use 
( language z an in/rum5t ( ?\ght1 z a   
sy/em ( g5]al signs1 :i*1 accord+ to    
,bi%op ,:ately1 di/+ui%es ! language (  
man f t ( ! brute2 & ! same em95t       
au?ority decl>es t )\t su* a sy/em (    
g5]al signs ! reason+ process c\ld n be 
conduct$4  ,x is true1 t we (t5 see 9 ! 
inf]ior animals manife/ations (         
d$uctions ( intellect simil> to ^? ( !  
human m9d1--only t !y are n made by !   
animals !mselves1 b = !m & above _!     
consci\s p]ception4 ,:5 a bee1 says ,dr4
 ,reid1 makes its combs s geometrically1
 ! geometry is n 9 ! bee1 b 9 t great   

,geometrician :o made ! bee1 & made all 
?+s 9 numb]1 weight1 & measure4 ,s9ce ! 
animal is n consci\s ( ! intellig5ce &  
design :i* are manife/$ 9 its in/9cts1  
:i* x obeys & works out1 ! consci\s life
 ( ! individual mu/ be :olly a life )9 !
 s5ses4 ,! s5ses alone c give ! animal  
only an empirical k ( ! _w ( its        
obs]vation4 ,! s5ses may regi/] & report
 facts1 b !y c nev] arrive at an und]/&+
 ( necess>y tru?s2 ! s\rce ( ?is k9d ( k
 is ! rational m9d1 :i* has an active   
disposition to draw out ^! infallible   
laws & et]nal tru?s f its own bosom4 ,! 
ma9 t5d5cy ( ! rational m9d is n t[>ds  
m]e ph5om5a1 b _! sci5tific explanation4
 ,x seeks to trace effects1 z pres5t$ to
 u by ! s5ses1 back to ! causes :i*     
produc$ !m2 or contemplat+ ?+s :olly    
metaphysical1 x seeks to foll[ out !    
laws :i* x has itself discov]$1 till !y 
h gone ?r\gh a ?\s& probable cont+5cies 
& lo/ !mselves 9 numb]less results4 ,x  
is on acc\nt ( ?is capacity & t5d5cy ( !
 human m9d to look ?r\gh fact to law1   

?r\gh individuals to classes1 ?r\gh     
effects to causes1 ?r\gh ph5om5a to     
g5]al pr9ciples1 t ! late ,dr4 ,burnap 0
 l$ to decl>e1 9 a v int]e/+ c\rse (    
lectures :i* he deliv]$ be=e ! ,l[ell   
,in/itute a few ye>s s9ce1 t he consid]$
 ! fir/ *>act]i/ic diff]5ce betwe5 !    
highe/ species ( animals & ! l[e/ race (
 man to be a capacity ( sci5ce4 ,b is n 
! :ole edifice ( human sci5ce built ^u !
 simple faculty ( comp>ison8  ,?is is ! 
ultimate analysis ( all ! highe/        
manife/ations ( ! human m9d1 :e!r (     
judgm5t1 or reason1 or intellect1 or    
common s5se1 or ! p[] ( g5]alization1 or
 ! capacity ( sci5ce4 ,we h already     
quot$ ,hamilton to ?is effect1 & we1    
moreov]1 h 8 au?ority = say+ t ! faculty
 ( discov]+ tru?1 by a comp>ison ( !    
notions we h obta9$ by obs]vation &     
exp]i5ce1 is ! attribute by :i* man is  
di/+ui%$ z a creature high] ?an !       
animals4 ,we might also cite ,leibnitz  
to ! effect t m5 diff] f animals 9 be+  
capable ( ! =mation ( necess>y judgm5ts1

 & h5ce capable ( demon/rative sci5ces4 
,b not)/&+ x seems s app>5t t :at is    
cu/om>ily call$ reason is ! di/+ui%+    
end[m5t :i* makes man ! p>agon (        
animals1 we v (t5 meet ) attempts to set
 up "s o!r di/9ction4 ,we _c "h g into  
an exam9ation ( ^! v>i\s !ories1 or ev5 
allude to !m specially4 ,we w1 h[ev]1   
briefly ref] to a view :i* 0 rec5tly    
advanc$ 9 "o ( our lead+ p]iodicals1    
inasmu* z x makes prom95t a di/9ction   
:i* we wi% to notice1 al?\gh x seems to 
u to be only subord9ate to ! di/+ui%+   
attribute ( ! human m9d :i* we h already
 po9t$ out4 ,x is said t                
self-consci\sness is :at makes ! great  
diff]5ce betwe5 man & o!r animals2 t !  
latt] d n sep>ate !mselves consci\sly f 
! _w 9 :i* !y exi/2 & t1 ?\gh !y h      
emotions1 impulses1 pa9s1 & pleasures1 e
 *ange ( feel+ 9 !m takes at once ! =m (
 an outw>d *ange ei!r 9 place or        
position4 ,x is n int5d$1 h[ev]1 to be  
said t !y h no consci\s p]ception (     
ext]nal ?+s4 ,we _c possibly conceive ( 

an animal )\t ?is condition (           
consci\sness4 ,a consci\sness ( an      
outw>d _w is an ess5tial quality ( !    
animal s\l2 ?is di/+ui%es ! v l[e/ =m ( 
animal life f ! vegetable _w2 & h5ce x  
_c possibly be1 z has be5 sugge/$ by "s1
 t !re are any animate be+s :i* h no    
end[m5ts sup]ior to ^? :i* belong to    
plants4 ,! plant is n consci\s ( an     
outw>d _w1 :5 x s5ds out its roots to   
obta9 ! n\ri%m5t :i* is fitt+ = itself2 
b ! polype1 :i* is fix$ ) hundr$s ( its 
k9d on ! same coral-/ock1 & is able only
 to move its m\? & t5tacles1 is aw>e ( !
 pres5ce ( ! little craw-fi% ^u :i* x   
fe$s1 & ?r[s out its lasso-cells &      
cat*es x4 ,! _w ( :i* ! polype has any  
p]ception is n a v l>ge "o4 ,! out] _w (
 a bird is va/ly great]2 & man kn[s a _w
 )\t1 :i* is immeasurably l>ge beyond t 
( :i* any o!r animal is consci\s1       
because bo? 8 physical organs & 8 m5tal 
faculties br+ him into f> ! mo/         
div]sifi$ & intimate relations ) all    
creat$ ?+s4 ,he sees 9 e fl[] ( ! g>d5 &

 e bea/ ( ! field1 9 ! air & 9 ! sea1 9 
! e>? b5ea? 8 feet & 9 ! />ry heav5s    
above him1 c\ntless mean+s :i* are hidd5
 to all ! liv+ _w besides4 ,to him !re  
is a _w :i* has exi/$ & a _w t w exi/4  
,man1 says ,protagoras1 is ! measure ( !
 univ]se4 ,b he has a great] dignity 9  
be+ able to appreh5d ! _w ( ?\ght )94   
,:il/ ,i /udy to f9d h[ ,i am a         
microcosm or little _w1 says ,sir ,?omas
 ,br[ne1 ,i f9d myself some?+ m ?an !   
great4 ,man c make himself an object to 
himself & ga9 ! deepe/ insight into !   
work+s ( 8 own m9d4 ,?is int]nal        
p]ception seems nev] to be develop$ 9   
o!r animals4 ,we h already obs]v$ t !y h
 no ?\ght ( _! own4 ,! intellig5ce &    
design :i* !y (t5 manife/ 9 _! actions  
are n ! work+s ( _! own m9ds4 ,!        
intellig5ce & design belong to ,him :o  
impress$ ! ?\ght ^u ! animal's m9d &    
unceas+ly su/a9s x 9 action4 ,!y        
!mselves are n consci\s ( any ?\ght1 b  
only ( c]ta9 dim imp]i\s influ5ces :i*  
urge !m on4 ,!y are consci\s ( feel+s & 

desires & impulses4 ,we c\ld n conceive 
( ! exi/5ce ( ^! affections 9 animals   
)\t _! hav+ an imm$iate k ( !m4 ,ev5 !  
function ( volunt>y motion1 says        
,hamilton1 :i* is a function ( ! animal 
s\l 9 ! ,p]ipatetic doctr9e1 ought n1 z 
is g5]ally done1 to be exclud$ f !      
ph5om5a ( consci\sness & m9d4 ,!        
consci\s life ( ! irrational tribes     
seems1 !n1 to be a life almo/ :olly )9 !
 s5ses4 ,!y h no?+ ( t high] consci\s   
p]sonality :i* belongs to man & is an   
attribute ( a free intellect4  ,a g5]al 
/atem5t ( ! po9ts made out 9 ! =ego+    
inquiry w m cle>ly %[ our conception ( !
 nature & limitations ( in/9ct4 ,fir/1  
we limit$ ! ^w in/9ct s z to exclude all
 ^? automatic & me*anical actions       
conc]n$ 9 ! simple functions ( organic  
life1--z also to exclude ! op]ations ( !
 passions & appetites1 s9ce ^! seek no  
o!r end ?an _! own gratification4 ,!n x 
0 %[n t in/9ct exi/s prior to all       
exp]i5ce or memory2 t x comes to an     
in/ant or spe$y p]fection1 & is n       

capable ( any improvem5t or cultivation2
 t its objects are precise & limit$2 t  
)9 its prop] sph]e x (t5 appe>s z !     
highe/ wisdom1 b beyond ?is is only     
fooli%ness2 t x uses complex & labori\s 
means to provide = ! future1 )\t any    
presci5ce ( x2 t x p]=ms important &    
rational op]ations :i* ! animal nei!r   
int5ds nor kn[s any?+ ab\t2 t x is      
p]man5t = ea* species1 & is transmitt$ z
 an h]$it>y gift ( ,nature2 & t ! few   
v>iations 9 its action result f !       
developm5t ( provisional faculties1 or f
 bl9d imitation4 ,we 7 l$ to conclude t 
in/9ct is n a free & consci\s possession
 ( ! animal itself4 ,we f\nd "s po9ts ( 
resemblance betwe5 intellig5ce 9 man &  
in/9ct 9 o!r animals1--b at ! same "t   
po9ts ( dissimil>ity1 su* z to make !   
two pr9ciples appe> radically unlike4   
,?is brief summ>y pres5ts ne>ly all t we
 c satisfactorily make out respect+     
in/9ct2 & at ! same "t x %[s h[ mu* is  
/ill want+ to a complete solution ( all 
! que/ions :i* x involves4 ,& !n !re are

 high] my/]ies connect$ ) ! subject1 :i*
 we d n attempt to p5etrate1--my/]ies 9 
reg>d to ! creation & ! ma9t5ance (     
in/9ctive action3 :e!r x be ! result (  
p>ticul> ext]nal conditions act+ on !   
organization ( animals1 or :e!r1 z ,sir 
,isaac ,newton ?\ght1 ! ,deity himself  
is virtually ! active & pres5t mov+     
pr9ciple 9 !m2--& my/]ies1 too1 ab\t !  
future ( ! brute _w3 :e!r1 z ,s\!y      
wrote1          ,!re is ano!r _w ,= all 
t live & move1--a bett] _w4  ,if we ev] 
f9d a pa? :i* seems ab\t to lead u up to
 ^! my/]ies1 x spe$ily closes aga9/ u1 &
 leaves u )\t any rational hope ( atta9+
 _! solution4     ,,my ,,own ,,/ory4    
,oh1 tell h]1 brief is life1 b love is  
long4  ,:at h ,i got t y w\ld l to h8   
,y\r lett]s are ti$ up & direct$ to y4  
,"m w give !m to y1 :5 %e f9ds !m 9 my  
desk4 ,i c\ld execute my la/ w myself1  
if x 7 n = giv+ h] additional pa94 ,i w 
leave ev]y?+ = h] to d except ?is3 take 
^! lett]s1 & :5 ,i am dead1 give !m to  
,frank4 ,!re is n a reproa* 9 !m1 & !y  

are full ( wit2 b he won't laugh1 :5 he 
reads !m aga94 ,*oose n[1 :at w y h (   
m9e8  ,well1 ,i said1 give me ! gold    
p5-hold] t ,r$mond s5t y aft] he w5t    
away4  ,laura rose up 9 h] b$1 & seiz$  
me by my %\ld]1 & %ook me1 cry+ betwe5  
h] tee?1 ,y love him6 y love him6 ,!n %e
 fell back on h] pill[4 ,oh1 if he 7 "h 
n[6 ,he w5t1 ,i say1 to m>ry ! woman he 
0 engag$ to be=e he saw y4 ,he 0 ne>ly  
mad1 ?\gh1 :5 he w5t4 ,! night "m gave  
!m _! la/ p>ty1 :5 y wore y\r black lace
 dress1 & _h p9k roses 9 y\r hair1      
someh[ ,i h>dly knew y t night4 ,i 0 9 !
 little p>lor1 look+ at ! fl[]s on !    
mantelpiece1 :5 ,r$mond came into !     
room1 &1 ru%+ up to me1 b5t d[n &       
:isp]$1 ',did y see h] g8 ,i %all see h]
 no m2 %e is walk+ on ! bea* )          
,maurice4' ,he sigh$ s l\d t ,i felt    
emb>rass$2 = ,i 0 afraid t ,h>ry        
,lo?rop1 :o 0 laugh+ & talk+ 9 a corn] )
 two or ?ree m51 w\ld he> him2 b he 0 n 
aw>e t !y 7 !re4 ,i did n "k :at to d1  
unless ,i ridicul$ him4 ',foll[ !m1' ,i 

said4 ',/ep on h] fl\nces1 & ,maurice w 
h a *ance to humiliate y ) "s ( 8 cutt+1
 exquisite polit5ess4' ,he nev] answ]$ a
 ^w1 & ,i w\ld n look at him1 b pres5tly
 ,i und]/ood t !re 7 te>s fall+4 ,oh1 y 
ne$ n look t[>ds me ) su* long+2 he does
 n cry = y n[4 ,!y seem$ to br+ him to 8
 s5ses4 ,he /amp$ 8 foot2 b ! c>pet 0   
?ick2 x only made a ?ud4 ,!n he button$ 
8 coat1 giv+ himself a viol5t twi/ z he 
did x1 & look$ at me ) su* a haughty    
composure1 t1 if ,i _h be5 y1 ,i %\ld h 
trembl$ 9 my %oes4 ,he walk$ across !   
room t[>d ! gr\p ( m54--',ah1 ,h>ry1' he
 said1 ':]e is ,maurice8' ',don't y "k8'
 !y all cri$ out2 'he has gone z ,miss  
,d5ham's escort8' ',by ,jove6' said     
,h>ry ,lo?rop1--',miss ,d5ham 0 z h&some
 z ,cleopatra1 to-night4 ,little        
,maurice is n[ s++ to h]4 ,did he take 8
 guit> "u 8 arm8 ,x 0 "h2 = ,i saw a    
gre5 bag ne> 8 hat1 :5 we came 9        
to-night4' ,j !n we he>d ! twang ( a    
guit> "u ! w9d[1 & ,r$mond1 9 spite (   
himself1 c\ld n help a grimace4--,is x n

 a droll _w8 said ,laura1 aft] a pause2 
?+s come ab\t s contr>iwise4  ,%e laugh$
 su* a %rill laugh1 t ,i %udd]$ to he>  
x1 & ,i fell a-cry+4  ,b1 %e cont9u$1 ,i
 am go+1 ,i tru/1 :]e a key w be giv5 me
 = ?is ciph]4  ,te>s came into h] eyes1 
& an expression ( g5tl5ess fill$ h]     
face4  ,x is /range1 %e said1 :5 ,i "k t
 ,i mu/ die1 t ,i %\ld be s mov$ by     
e>?ly passions & s int]e/$ 9 e>?ly      
speculations4 ,my he>t supplicates ,god 
= peace & pati5ce1 & at ! same mom5t my 
?\ghts float away 9 dreams ( ! pa/4 ,i  
%all soon be wis]2 ,i am conv9c$ ( t4 ,!
 doctr9e ( comp5sation ext5ds beyond ?is
 _w2 if x be n s1 :y %\ld ,i die at     
tw5ty1 ) all ?is my/]i\s suff]+ ( s\l8  
,y mu/ n wond] ov] me1 :5 ,i am gone1 & 
ask y\rself1 ',:y did %e live8' ,believe
 t ,i %all "k :y ,i liv$1 & let x       
suffice y & enc\rage y to g on bravely4 
,live & make y\r p[]s felt4 ,y\r nature 
is afflu5t1 & y may yet le>n h[ to be   
happy4  ,%e sigh$ s(tly1 & turn$ h] face
 to ! wall1 & mov$ h] f+]s z sick p d4  

,%e wait$ = me to cease weep+3 my te>s  
ra9$ ov] my face s t ,i c\ld nei!r see  
nor speak4  ,aft] ,i _h become calm]1 %e
 mov$ t[>d me aga9 & took my h&3 h] own 
trembl$4  ,x is = ! la/ "t1 ,m>g>et4 ,my
 good1 skilful fa!r gives me no m$ic9e  
n[4 ,my si/]s h come home2 !y sit ab\t !
 h\se l m\rn]s1 ) idle h&s1 & d n speak 
) ea* o!r4 ,x is t]rible1 b x w soon be 
ov]4  ,%e pull$ at my h& = me to rise4  
,i /agg]$ up1 & met h] eyes4 ,m9e 7 dry 
n[4  ,d n come "h aga94 ,x w be en\gh = 
my family to look at my c(f94 ,i feel   
bett] to ?9k y w be sp>$ ! pa94  ,i     
nodd$4  ,good-bye6  ,a sob broke 9 h]   
?roat4  ,m>g>et1--%e spoke l a little   
*ild1--,i am go+ to heav54  ,i kiss$ h]1
 b ,i 0 bl9d & dumb4 ,i lift$ h] half   
out ( ! b$4 ,%e clasp$ h] frail arms    
r\nd me1 & hid h] face 9 my bosom4  ,oh1
 ,i love y6 %e said4  ,h] he>t gave su* 
a viol5t plunge1 t ,i felt x1 & laid h] 
back quickly4 ,%e wav$ h] h& to me ) a  
det]m9$ smile4 ,i rea*$ ! door1 /ill    
look+ at h]1 cross$ ! d>k ?re%old1 &    

pass$ out ( ! h\se4 ,! bold sun%9e smote
 my face1 & ! insol5t w9d play$ ab\t me4
 ,! :ole e>? 0 z brilliant & joy\s z if 
x _h nev] be5 furr[$ by graves4  ,laura 
liv$ "s days aft] my int]view ) h]4 ,%e 
s5t me no message1 & ,i did n g to see  
h]4 ,f ! g>ret-w9d[s ( our h\se1 :i* 0  
half a mile di/ant f ,laura's1 ,i c\ld  
see ! w9d[s ( ! room :]e %e 0 ly+4 ,?ree
 tall popl>-trees int]v5$ 9 ! l&scape4  
,i ?\ght !y /ood motionless s t !y might
 n int]cept my view :ile ,i wat*$ ! h\se
 ( dea?4 ,"o morn+ ,i saw t ! bl9ds _h  
be5 ?r[n back & ! w9d[s op5$4 ,i knew !n
 t ,laura 0 dead4  ,! day aft] ! fun]al 
,i gave ,frank 8 lett]s1 8 m9iature1 & !
 locket :i* held a r+ ( 8 hair4  ,is !re
 a fire8 he ask$1 :5 ,i gave !m to him2 
,i want to burn ^! ?+s4  ,i w5t to ano!r
 room ) him4  ,i'll leave ev]y?+ "h     
to-day2 & may ,i nev] see ?is curs$     
place aga96 ,did %e die1 d y "k1 because
 ,i held h] promise t %e w\ld be my     
wife8  ,he ?rew ! pap]s into ! grate1 & 
cr[d$ !m d[n ) 8 boot1 & wat*$ !m till !

 la/ black5$ flake disappe>$4 ,he !n    
took f 8 neck a hair *a91 & ?rew t into 
! fire also4  ,x is all done n[1 he     
said4  ,he %ook my h& ) a firm grasp &  
left me4  ,a mon? lat] ,laura's "m s5t  
me a package conta9+ two bundles (      
lett]s4 ,x />tl$ me to see t ! direction
 0 dat$ be=e %e 0 tak5 ill3--,to be giv5
 to ,m>g>et 9 case ( my dea?4 ,june #e?1
 #ahdh4 ,!y 7 my lett]s1 & ^? :i* %e _h 
receiv$ f ,h>ry ,lo?rop4 ,on ?is envelop
 0 writt51 ,put ^! into ! black box he  
gave y4 ,! gold p5-hold] came into my   
h&s also4 ,dep>ture 0 engrav$ on ! h&le1
 & ,laura's initials 7 cut 9 an em]ald 9
 its top4 ,! black box 0 an ebony1      
gold-plat$ toy1 :i* ,h>ry ,lo?rop _h    
giv5 me at ! same "t ,r$mond gave ,laura
 ! p5-hold]4 ,x 0 :5 !y w5t away1 aft] a
 :ole summ]'s visit 9 our little t[n1 ! 
ye> be=e4 ,i lock$ ! lett]s 9 ! black   
box1 &1    ,:e!r f reason or f impulse  
only1  ,i "k n1 b ,i 0 prompt$ to write 
a l9e to ,h>ry ,lo?rop4  ,d n1 ,i said1 
write ,laura any m lett]s4 ,^? y h      

already writt5 to h] are 9 my keep+1 =  
%e is dead4 ,0 x n a pleasant summ] we  
pass$ toge!r8 ,! second autumn is       
already at h&3 "t flies ! same1 :e!r we 
are dull or gay4 ,= all ?is p]iod :at   
rema9s except ! poor h>ve/ ( a few      
lett]s8  ,i receiv$ 9 answ] an incoh]5t 
& agitat$ lett]4 ,:at 0 ! matt] )       
,laura8 he ask$4 ,he _h n he>d f h] =   
mon?s4 ,_h any rupture occurr$ betwe5 h]
 & h] fri5d ,frank8 ,did ,i suppose %e 0
 ev] unhappy8 ,he 0 %ock$ at ! news1 &  
said he mu/ come & le>n ! p>ticul>s ( ! 
ev5t4 ,he ?ank$ me = my note1 & begg$ me
 to believe h[ s9c]e 0 8 fri5d%ip = my  
poor fri5d4  ,r$mond1 he cont9u$1 is1 = 
! pres5t1 atta*$ to ! eng9e] corps to   
:i* ,i belong1 & he has (f]$ to take    
*>ge ( my bus9ess :ile ,i am a day or   
two abs5t4 ,he is 9 my room at ?is      
mom5t1 hold+ y\r note 9 8 h&1 & appe>s  
pa9fully di/urb$4  ,x 0 n[ a little pa/ 
! "t ( ye> :5 ,r$mond & ,h>ry ,lo?rop _h
 left u1--e>ly autumn4 ,aft] _!         
dep>ture1 ,laura & ,i _h be5 s5tim5tal  

en\gh to talk ov] ! ev5ts ( _! visit4   
,recall+ ^! associations1 we creat$ an  
illusion ( pleasure :i* ( c\rse c\ld n  
la/4 ,h>ry ,lo?rop wrote to ,laura1 b ! 
correspond5ce decl9$ & di$4 ,z "t pass$ 
on1 we talk$ less & less ( our visitors1
 & f9ally ceas$ to speak ( !m4 ,nei!r ( 
u knew or suspect$ ! o!r ( any deep or  
la/+ feel+ t[>d ! two fri5ds4 ,laura    
knew ,r$mond bett] ?an ,i did2 at lea/1 
%e saw him (t5]2 9 fact1 %e knew bo? 9 a
 diff]5t way4 ,!y _h visit$ h] alone2   
:ile ,i _h met !m almo/ entirely 9      
society4 ,i nev] f\nd s mu* "t to sp>e z
 %e seem$ to h2 = ev]ybody lik$ h]1 &   
ev]ybody s\ght h]4 ,z (t5 z we _h talk$ 
ov] our acqua9tance1 %e 0 w>y ( speak+ (
 ,r$mond4 ,h] la/ conv]sation ) me      
reveal$ h] ?\ghts1 & awak5$ feel+s :i*  
,i ?\ght ,i _h buffet$ d[n4 ,! tone (   
,h>ry ,lo?rop's note p]plex$ me1 & ,i   
f\nd myself drift+ back into an old /ate
 ( m9d ,i _h reason to dread4  ,z ,i    
said1 ! autumn _h come r\nd4 ,its quiet 
days1 its sombre nights1 fill$ my s\l ) 

melan*oly4 ,! lonesome moan ( ! sea & ! 
wait+ /illness ( ! woods 7 j ! same a   
ye> ago2 b ,laura 0 dead1 & ,nature     
griev$ me4 ,yet none ( u are 9 "o mood  
long1 & at ?is v "t !re 7 int]vals :5 ,i
 f\nd some?+ delici\s 9 life1 ei!r 9    
myself or ! atmosph]e4    ,moreov]1     
some?+ is or seems   ,t t\*es me ) my/ic
 gleams4  ,a gold5 morn+1 a />ry night1 
! azure r\nd ( ! sky1 ! undulat+ horizon
 ( sea1 ! blue haze :i* rose & fell ov] 
! di/ant hills1 ! fre%ness ( y\?1 ! p[] 
( beauty1--all gave me deep voluptu\s   
dreams4  ,i c af=d to confess t ,i      
possess$ beauty2 = half my faults &     
mis]ies arose f ! fact ( my be+         
beautiful4 ,i 0 n va91 b z consci\s ( my
 beauty z ,i 0 ( t ( a fl[]1 & sometimes
 x intoxicat$ me4 ,=1 9 spite ( ! com=t+
 novels ( ! ,jane ,eyre s*ool1 x is     
h>dly possible to set an undue value ^u 
beauty2 x defies ennui4  ,z ,i expect$1 
,h>ry ,lo?rop came to see me4 ,! sad    
remembrance ( ,laura's dea? prev5t$ any 
c]emony betwe5 u2 we met z old          

acqua9tances1 ( c\rse1 al?\gh we _h nev]
 conv]s$ toge!r half an h\r )\t         
int]ruption4 ,i began ) ! !me ( ,laura's
 illness & dea?1 & ! relation :i* %e _h 
held t[>d me4 ,all at once ,i discov]$1 
)\t evid5ce1 t he 0 indiff]5t to :at ,i 
0 say+2 b ,i talk$ on me*anically1 & l a
 phantasm ! tru? came to my m9d4 ,! real
 man 0 !re1--n ! "o ,i _h c>elessly     
look$ at & kn[n ?r\gh ,laura4  ,i became
 sil5t4  ,he twi/$ 8 f+]s 9 ! fr+e ( my 
sc>f1 :i* _h fall5 (f1 & ,i wat*$ !m4   
,:y1 ,i abruptly ask$1 h ,i n kn[n y    
be=e8  ,he let g ! fr+e1 & fold$ 8 h&s1 
& 9 a dreamy voice repli$1--  ,r$mond   
admires y4  ,:at a pity6 ,i said4 ,&    
y1--y admire me1 or y\rself1 j n[2 :i*8 
,he flu%$ slightly1 b cont9u$ ) a bl&   
voice1 :i* irritat$ & int]e/$ me4  ,all 
t "t ,i 0 s ne> y1 & y sc>cely saw me2  
:at a *ance ,i _h to /udy y6 ,y\r fri5d 
0 intellig5t & sympa!tic1 s we /ruck a  
league ( fri5d%ip3 ,i c\ld d>e s mu* )  
h]1 because ,i knew t %e 0 engag$ to    
m>ry ,mr4 ,ball>d4 ,i own t ,i h be5    

tr\bl$ ab\t h] s9ce ,i w5t away4 ,h[ odd
 x is t ,i am "h alone ) y 9 ?is room6  
h[ _m times ,i h wi%$ x6 ,i lik$ y be/  
"h2 & :ile abs5t1 ! remembrance ( x has 
be5 insep>able f ! remembrance ( y1--a  
picture )9 a picture4 ,i "k all t ! room
 conta9s1--! :ite vases1 & ! wire       
baskets1 ) pots ( ,egyptian lilies &    
damask roses1 ! books b\nd 9 gre5 &     
gold1 ! engrav+s ( nymphs & fauns1 !    
crimson b>s 9 ! c>pet1 ! fl[]s on !     
cu%ions1 &1 be/ ( all1 ! ar*$ w9d[ & its
 l[ seat4 ,b ,i _h promis$ myself nev]  
to see y3 x 0 all ,i c\ld d = ,laura4   
,%e is dead1 & ,i am "h4  ,i rose &     
walk$ to ! w9d[1 & look$ out on ! mi/y  
sea1 & felt /rangely4  ,ano!r lov]1 ,i  
?\ght1--& ,r$mond's fri5d1 & ,laura's4  
,b x all belongs to ! com$y we play4    
,he came to :]e ,i /ood4  ,i "k y s     
well1 he said1--y\r pride1 y\r          
self-control1 ev5 y\r foibles3 b !y     
attract "o1 too4 ,y did n escape        
he>t-:ole f ,r$mond's influ5ce4 ,he is n
 m>ri$ yet1 b he w be2 he is a *ivalr\s 

fell[4 ,x 0 a desp]ate matt] betwe5 y   
two1--a h&-to-h& /ruggle4 ,x is ov] ) y 
bo?1 ,i believe3 y are some?+ alike4 ,n[
 may ,i (f] y my fri5d%ip8 ,if ,i love  
y1 let me say s4 ,d n resi/ me4 ,i      
appeal to ! _s ( coquetry :i* tempt$ y  
be=e y saw me to-night4 ,y are dress$ to
 please me4  ,i 0 ?9k+ :at ,i %\ld say1 
:5 he skilfully turn$ ! conv]sation into
 an ord9>y *annel4 ,he %ook (f 8 dreamy 
mann]1 & talk$ ) 8 old vivacity4 ,i 0   
*>m$ a little2 an association add$ to ! 
*>m1 ,i fancy4 ,x 0 late at night :5 he 
took 8 leave4 ,he _h arrang$ x all2 = a 
man br\ght 8 c>riage to ! door & drove  
him to ! next t[n1 :]e he _h procur$ x  
to come ov] f ! railway4  ,:5 ,i 0 %ut 9
 my room = ! night1 rage took possession
 ( me4 ,i tore (f my dress1 twi/$ my    
hair ) vehem5ce1 & hurri$ to b$ & tri$  
to g to sleep1 b c\ld n1 ( c\rse4 ,z :5 
we press our eyelids toge!r = m$itation 
or sleep1 violet r+s & *ang+ rays (     
light fla% & fade be=e ! d>k5$ eyeballs1
 s 9 ! d>k unre/ ( my m9d ! pa/ fla%$   

up1 & ?is is :at ,i saw3--  ,! c\nty    
ball1 :]e ,laura & ,i fir/ met ,r$mond1 
,h>ry ,lo?rop1 & ,maurice4 ,we 7 /ruggl+
 ?r\gh ! cr[d ( girls at ! dress+-room  
door1 to rejo9 ,frank1 :o 0 wait+ = u4  
,z we pass$ out1 satisfi$ ) ! mutual    
inspection ( our dresses ( :ite silk1   
:i* 7 trimm$ ) bun*es ( rose-g]anium1 we
 saw a gr\p ( /rang]s close by u1       
button+ _! gloves1 look+ at _! boots1 & 
comp>+ looks4 ,laura pu%$ h] fan aga9/  
my arm2 we look$ at ea* o!r1 & made     
signs beh9d ,frank1 & 7 caught 9 ! act1 
n only by him1 b by a tall g5tleman 9 ! 
gr\p :i* %e _h signall$ me to notice4   
,! %ad[ ( a smile 0 travell+ ov] 8 face 
z ,i caught 8 eye1 b he turn$ away s    
sudd5ly t ,i _h no opportunity =        
emb>rassm5t4 ,an u%] gave u a place ne> 
! b&1 at ! head ( ! hall4  ,d n be      
reckless1 ,laura1 ,i said1--at lea/ till
 ! music gives y an excuse4  ,y are     
oblig$ to me1 y "k1 %e answ]$1 = direct+
 y\r att5tion to su* attractive prey4   
,be+ 9 bonds myself1 ,i c only use my   

eyes = y3 don't be ungrateful4  ,! b&   
/ruck up a cra%+ polka1 & %e & ,frank   
:irl$ away1 ) a hundr$ o!rs4 ,i f\nd a  
seat & amus$ myself by contra/+ !       
imp]turbable c\nt5ances ( ! musicians ) 
^? ( ! danc]s4 ,! p]fumes ! wom5 wore   
float$ by me4 ,^! odors1 ! rhy?mic      
motion ( ! danc]s1 & ! h>d1 en]getic    
music exhil>at$ me4 ,! music end$1 & !  
cr[d began to buzz4 ,! l\d1 in>ticulate 
spee* ( a brilliant cr[d is l good w9e4 
,z my acqua9tances ga!r$ ab\t me1 ,i    
began to feel its electricity1 & grew   
bli! & vivaci\s4 ,pres5tly ,i saw "o ( !
 u%]s speak+ to ,frank1 :o w5t d[n !    
hall ) him4  ,oh1 my prophetic s\l6 said
 ,laura1 !y are com+4  ,frank came back 
) ! ?ree1 & introduc$ !m4 ,r$mond ask$  
me = ! fir/ quadrille1 & ,h>ry ,lo?rop  
engag$ ,laura4 ,frank said to me beh9d 8
 h&k]*ief1--,x's en rgle2 ,i "k :]e !y  
came f2 _! fa!rs are brave1 & _! mo!rs  
are virtu\s4  ,! quadrille _h n comm5c$1
 s ,i talk$ ) sev]al p]sons ne>2 b ,i   
felt a con/ra9t1 = ,i knew ,i 0 closely 

obs]v$ by ! /rang]1 :o 0 entirely quiet4
 ,curiosity made me impati5t = ! dance  
to beg92 & :5 we took our places1 ,i 0  
cool en\gh to exam9e him4 ,tall1 sl5d]1 
& sw>?y1 ) a delicate m\/a*e ov] a pair 
( ?9 sc>let lips1 p5etrat+ eyes1 & a    
tranquil air4 ,my antipodes 9 looks1 =  
,i 0 %ort & fair2 my hair 0 /raight &   
black l 81 b my eyes 7 blue1 & my m\?   
wide & full4  ,:at an unnaturally       
pleasant ?+ a ball-room is6 he          
said1--be=e ! du/ rises & ! lights fl>e1
 ,i mean4 ,b nobody ev] leaves e>ly2 z !
 fre%ness vani%es1 ! extravagance       
deep5s4 ,did y ev] notice h[ mu* fa/] ! 
musicians play z x gr[s late8 ,:5 we op5
 ! w9d[s1 ! fre% brea? ( ! night        
increases ! delirium )94 ,i h se5 !     
quiete/ wom5 toss _! fad$ b\quets out ( 
! w9d[s )\t a ?\ght ( mak+ a comp>ison  
betwe5 ! fl[]s & !mselves4  ,my poor    
g]aniums6 ,i said1--:at eloqu5ce6  ,he  
laugh$1 & answ]$1--  ,my fri5d ,maurice 
yond] w\ld h said x twice z well4  ,we 7
 9 ! prom5ade !n1 & /opp$ :]e ! said    

,maurice 0 fann+ himself aga9/ ! wall4  
,may ,i v5ture to ask y = a waltz1 ,miss
 ,d5ham8 x is ! next dance on ! c>d1    
said ,maurice2--b ( c\rse y are engag$4 
,i gave him my c>d1 & he began to m>k x1
 :5 ,r$mond took x1 & plac$ 8 own       
initials aga9/ ! dance aft] supp]1 & !  
la/ "o on ! li/4 ,he left me !n1 & ,i   
saw him a mom5t aft] talk+ ) ,laura4    
,we pass$ a gay night4 ,:5 ,laura & ,i  
equipp$ = our t5 miles' ride1 x 0 f\r 9 
! morn+4 ,r$mond help$ ,frank to pack u 
9 ! c>riage1 & we rew>d$ him ) a knot ( 
fad$ leaves4  ,?is late ev5t1 said      
,laura1 ) a m9i/]ial air1 aft] we _h    
/>t$1 0 a provid5tial "o4 ,y1 my de>    
,frank1 7 at lib]ty to pursue y\r       
favorite pa/ime ( :i/1 9 "s remote      
ap>tm5t1 )\t be+ consci5ce-torn respect+
 me4 ,i h danc$ v well )\t y1 ?anks to !
 /rang]s4 ,& y1 ,m>g>et1 h _h an unusual
 opportunity ( display+ y\r lat5t =ces4 
,?ree su* diff]5t m56 ,b let u drive    
fa/4 ,i am 9 want ( ! cup ( tea :i* "m w
 h wait+ = me4  ,we arriv$ fir/ at my   

door4 ,z ,i 0 go+ up ! /eps1 ,laura     
broke ! sil5ce2 = nei!r ( u _h spok5    
s9ce h] rem>ks4  ,by ! way1 !y are com+ 
"h to /ay a:ile4 ,!y are anxi\s = "s    
deep-sea fi%+4 ,!y'll h x1 ,i ?9k4  ,i  
he>d ,frank's laugh ( delight at        
,laura's wit1 z ! c>riage drove (f4  ,x 
0 our la/ ball t season4  ,x 0 late 9 ! 
spr+2 & :5 ,r$mond came ) 8 two fri5ds &
 settl$ at ! hotel 9 our t[n1 x 0 e>ly  
summ]4 ,:5 ,i saw !m aga91 !y came )    
,laura & ,frank to pay me a visit4      
,laura 0 already acqua9t$ ) !m1 & ask$  
me if ,i did n p]ceive h] sup]iority 9 !
 fact4  ,let u arrange1 said ,h>ry      
,lo?rop1 "s sy/ematic plan ( amusem5t by
 sea & l&4 ,i h a pair ( horses1        
,maurice owns a guit>1 & ,r$mond's boat 
w be "h 9 a few days4 ,jones1 our       
l&lord1 has two horses t are tol]able "u
 ! saddle4 ,let u ride1 sail1 & be      
s]5ad$4 ,! ,lake ,h\se1 ,jones aga91 is 
eight miles di/ant4 ,?is is ,monday2    
%all we g !re on horse-back ,w$nesday8  
,laura look$ m\rnfully at ,frank1 :o    

repli$ to h] look1--  ,y mu/ g2 ,i _c2  
,i %all g back to bus9ess to-morr[4  ,i 
glanc$ at ,r$mond2 he 0 contemplat+ a   
portrait ( myself at ! age ( f\rte54    
,%all we g8 ,laura ask$ him4  ,no?+1    
?ank y1 he answ]$4  ,we all laugh$1 &   
,h>ry ,lo?rop said1--  ,r$mond1 my boy1 
h[ fond y are ( pictures6  ,r$mond1 ) an
 unmov$ face1 said1--  ,don't be absurd 
ab\t my abs5t-m9d$ness4 ,:at 7 y say+8  
,& he turn$ to me4  ,d y l our plan1 ,i 
ask$1 ( go+ to ! ,lake ,h\se8 ,!re is a 
deep pond1 a f9e wood1 a bridge1--p]*1  
pick]el1--a "o-/ory inn ) a v]&a1--ham &
 eggs1 /ew$ qu9ce1 eld]b]ry w9e1--& a   
romantic road to ride ov]4  ,i l x4     
,frank op5$ a discussion on fi%+2 ,laura
 & ,i )drew1 & w5t to ! w9d[-seat4  ,i  
am light-he>t$1 ,i said4  ,x is my duty 
to be melan*oly1 %e repli$2 b ,i %all n 
mope aft] ,frank has gone4  ',aft] !m ! 
deluge1' said ,i4 ,h[ long w !y /ay8    
,till !y are bor$1 ,i fancy4  ,oh1 !y   
are go+2 we mu/ leave our recess4       
,frank & %e rema9$2 ! o!rs bid u        

good-night4  ,i %all n come aga9 till   
,*ri/mas1 he said4 ,^! college-*aps w   
amuse y & make ! "t pass2 !y are "y1--q 
suitable companions = y girls4 ,vive la 
bagatelle6  ,he sigh$1 &1 draw+ ,laura's
 arm 9 81 rose to g4 ,%e groan$ l\dly1 &
 he nipp$ h] e>s4  ,good-bye1 ,m>g>et2  
let ,laura take c>e ( y4 ,!re is a deal 
( wisdom 9 h]4  ,we %ook h&s1 ,laura    
moan+ all ! :ile1 & !y w5t home4  ,frank
 & ,laura _h be5 engag$ ?ree ye>s4 ,he 0
 ab\t ?irty1 & 0 /ill too poor to m>ry4 
,w$nesday prov$ pleasant4 ,we _h an e>ly
 d9n]1 & our cavalcade />t$ f ,laura's4 
,i rode my small bay horse ,folly1 a    
gift f my abs5tee bro!r4 ,8 coat 0      
sleek] ?an sat92 8 e>s mov$ p]petually1 
& 8 wide no/rils 7 always 9 a quiv]4 ,he
 0 n entirely safe1 = n[ & !n he jump$  
unexpect$ly2 b ,i _h ridd5 him a ye> )\t
 accid5t1 & felt en\gh acqua9t$ ) him n 
to be afraid4  ,r$mond ey$ him4  ,y are 
a bold rid]1 he said4  ,no1 ,i          
answ]$1--a c>eful "o4 ,look at ! bit1 & 
my :ip1 too4 ,i cut 8 h9d legs :5 he    

jumps4 ,obs]ve t ,i d n we> a long      
skirt4 ,i c slip (f ! saddle1 if ne$ be1
 )\t dang]4  ,t's all v well2 b 8 eyes  
are vici\s2 he w s]ve y a trick "s day4 
,:5 he does1 ,i'll sell him = a         
c>t-horse4  ,laura & ,r$mond rode       
,jones's horses4 ,h>ry ,lo?rop 0 m\nt$  
on 8 horse ,black1 a sup]b1 ?ick-man$   
creature1 ) a clu/] ( :ite />s on "o ( 8
 %\ld]s4 ,maurice rode a wall-ey$ pony4 
,our fri5ds ,dick5son & ,jack ,p>k]     
drove two "y ladies 9 a c>riage1--all ! 
saddle-horses our t[n c\ld boa/ ( be+ 9 
use4 ,we 7 9 high spirits1 & rode fa/4  
,i 0 occupi$ 9 wat*+ ,folly1 :o _h n be5
 out = sev]al days4 ,at la/1 tir$ (     
tugg+ at 8 m\?1 ,i gave him re91 & he   
flew along4 ,i tuck$ ! edge ( my skirt  
"u ! saddle-flap1 slant$ =w>d1 & held ! 
bridle ) bo? h&s close to 8 head4 ,a    
long s&y rea* ( road lay be=e me4 ,i    
enjoy$ ,folly's fi]ce trott+2 b1 z ,i   
expect$1 ! good horse ,black 0 on my    
track1 :ile ! re/ ( ! p>ty 7 f> beh9d4  
,he soon ov]took me4 ,folly snort$ :5 he

 he>d ,black's /ep4 ,we pull$ up1 & !   
two horses began to sidle & prance1 &   
?r[ up _! heads s t we c\ld n indulge 9 
a bit ( conv]sation4  ,brute6 said ,h>ry
 ,lo?rop1--if ,i 7 sure ( gett+ on aga91
 ,i w\ld dism\nt & ?ra% y awfully4      
,rememb] ,pickwick1 ,i said2 don't d x4 
,i _h h>dly spok51 :5 ! /rap ( 8 cap    
broke1 & x fell f 8 head to ! gr\nd4 ,i 
laugh$1 & s did he4  ,i c hold y\r horse
 :ile y dism\nt = x4  ,i /opp$ ,folly1 &
 he =c$ ,black ne> en\gh = me to seize !
 re9 & twi/ x r\nd my h&2 :5 ,i _h done 
s1 ,folly turn$ 8 head1 & 0 tempt$ to   
take ,black's mane 9 8 tee?2 ,black felt
 x1 re>$1 & came d[n ) 8 nose 9 my lap4 
,i c\ld n loose my h&s1 :i* confus$ me1 
b ,i saw ,h>ry ,lo?rop mak+ a great     
leap4 ,bo? horses 7 runn+ n[1 & he 0 ly+
 across ! saddle1 try+ to free my h&4 ,x
 0 ov] 9 an in/ant4 ,he got 8 seat1 & ! 
horses 7 *eck$4  ,good ,god6 he said1   
y\r f+]s are cru%$4  ,he pull$ (f my    
glove1 & turn$ pale :5 he saw my purple 
h&4  ,x is no?+1 ,i said4  ,b ,i 0      

mis]ably fatigu$1 & pray$ t ! ,lake     
,h\se might come 9 sight4 ,we 7 ne> !   
wood1 :i* ext5d$ to x1 & ,i 0 wond]+ if 
we %\ld ev] rea* x1 :5 he said1--  ,y   
mu/ dism\nt1 & re/ "u ! fir/ tree4 ,we w
 wait !re = ! re/ ( ! p>ty to come up4  
,i did s4 ,num]\s 7 ! inquiries1 :5 !y  
rea*$ u4 ,laura1 :5 %e he>d ! /ory1     
decl>$ %e n[ believ$ 9 ,ell5 ,pick]+4   
,r$mond gave me a se>*+ look1 & ask$ me 
if ! "o-/ory inn _h good b$s4  ,i c take
 a nap1 if necess>y1 ,i answ]$1 9 "o (  
,mrs4 ,sampson's ru%-bottom$ *airs on ! 
v]&a4 ,! croak ( ! frogs 9 ! pond & !   
buzz ( ! bluebottles %all be my lullaby4
  ,no matt] h[1 if y w re/1 he said1 &  
assi/$ me to rem\nt4  ,we rode quietly  
toge!r ! re/ ( ! way4 ,aft] arriv+1 we  
girls w5t by ourselves into "o ( ,mrs4  
,sampson's slop+ *amb]s1 :]e !re 0 a l[ 
b$/ead1 & a ?ick fea!r-b$ cov]$ ) a     
pat*work-quilt ( ! ,job's ,tr\ble       
patt]n1 a small1 dim look+-glass        
surm\nt$ by a bun* ( sp>r[-grass1 & an  
unpa9t$ floor ornam5t$ ) home-made rugs 

:i* 7 embroid]$ ) p9k fl[]-pots conta9+ 
wor/$ rose-bu%es1 ! /alks1 leaves1 &    
fl[]s all 9 bright yell[4 ,we hung up   
our rid+-skirts on anci5t wood5 pegs1 = 
we _h worn o!rs und]nea? !m suitable =  
walk+1 & !n tilt$ ! wood5 *airs at a    
com=table angle aga9/ ! wall1 put our   
feet on ! r\nds1 & felt at peace ) all  
mank9d4  ,alas6 ,i said1 x is too e>ly =
 currant-pies4  ,i saw1 said "o ( !     
girls1 ,mrs4 ,sampson pok+ ! ov51 & a   
smell ( pies 0 9 ! air4  ,let u g into !
 kit*51 exclaim$ ,laura4  ,! proposal 0 
agreeable2 s we w5t1 & f\nd ,mrs4       
,sampson mak+ plum-cake4  ,! pies are   
gre5-gooseb]ry-pies1 :isp]$ ,laura1--v  
good1 too4  ,miss ,d5ham1 %riek$ ,mrs4  
,sampson1 y hav5't done gr[+ yet4--,h['s
 y\r "m & y\r gr&mo!r8--,h y _h a       
revival 9 y\r *ur*8--,i he>d ( ! "y m5  
d[n to ,jones's1--our m9i/]'s wife kn[s 
_! fa!rs1--fir/-rate m51 %e says4--,i   
?\ght y w\ld be "h ) !m4--',sampson1' ,i
 said ?is morn+1 z soon z ,i dress$1 'd 
pick "s gooseb]ries4 ,i'll h be=e sund[n

 tw5ty pies 9 ?is h\se4' ,!re !y        
are1--six gooseb]ry1 six cu/>d1 &1 ?\gh 
x's late = !m1 six m9ce1 & two awful    
great pigeon pies4 ,x's poor tra%1 ,i   
expect2 ,i'm afraid y c't eat x2 b x is 
z good z anybody's1 ,i suppose4  ,we    
told h] we %\ld dev\r x all1 b mu/ fir/ 
cat* "s fi%2 & we jo9$ ! g5tlem5 on !   
v]&a4 ,a boat 0 ready = u4 ,laura1      
h[ev]1 refus$ to g 9 x4 ,x 0 too small2 
x 0 wet2 %e want$ to walk on ! bridge2  
%e c\ld wat* u f t2 %e want$ "s fl[]s1  
too4 ,l _m :o are n afraid ( ! ocean1 %e
 held ponds & lakes 9 abhorr5ce1 & fe>  
kept h] f go+ ) u4 ,h>ry ,lo?rop (f]$ to
 /ay ) h]1 & take l9es to fi% f !       
bridge4 ,%e ass5t$1 &1 aft] we pu%$ (f1 
!y /roll$ away4  ,! lake 0 z smoo? &    
:ite z silv] b5ea? ! aft]noon sun & a   
w9dless sky2 x 0 bord]$ ) a m\nd ( gre5 
bu%es1 beyond :i* /ret*$ deep p9e woods4
 ,!re 0 no %ade1 & we soon grew we>y4   
,jack ,p>k] caught all ! fi%1 :i* flopp$
 ab\t our feet4 ,a little way d[n1 :]e !
 lake n>r[$1 we saw ,laura & ,h>ry      

,lo?rop hang+ ov] ! bridge4  ,!y mu/ be 
int]e/$ 9 conv]sation1 ,i ?\ght2 he has 
n lift$ 8 l9e out ( ! wat] once4        
,r$mond1 too1 look$ ov] t way (t51 & at 
la/ said1--  ,we w r[ up to ! bridge1 & 
walk back to ! h\se1 if y1 ,maurice1 w  
take ! boat to ! little pi] aga94  ,oh1 
yes1 said ,maurice4  ,we came to !      
bridge1 & ,laura rea*$ out h] h& to me4 
,:y1 de>6 %e exclaim$1 y h burnt y\r    
face4 ,:y did y1 turn+ to ,r$mond1      
paddle ab\t s long 9 ! hot sun8  ,h]    
words 7 light en\gh1 b ! tone ( h] voice
 0 savage4 ,r$mond look$ surpris$2 he   
wav$ 8 h& deprecat+ly1 b said no?+4 ,we 
w5t up t[>d ! h\se1 b ,laura l+]$ beh9d1
 & did n come 9 till we 7 ready to g to 
supp]4  ,x 0 pa/ sund[n :5 we rose f !  
ru9s ( ,mrs4 ,sampson's pies4 ,we vot$ n
 to />t = home till ! ev5+ 0 advanc$1 s 
t we might enjoy ! gloom ( ! p9e wood4  
,we sat on ! v]&a & he>d ! s\nds (      
approa*+ night4 ,! atmosph]e 0 l p[d]$  
gold4 ,swall[s flutt]$ 9 ! air1 delay+  
to drop into _! ne/s1 & *irp$ _! ev5+   

song4 ,we he>d ! plunge ( ! little      
turtles 9 ! lake1 & ! noisy cr[s z !y   
flew home ov] ! di/ant tree-tops4 ,!y   
grew d>k1 & ! sky deep5$ sl[ly into a   
s(t gray4 ,a g5tle w9d arose1 & waft$ u 
! sighs ( ! p9es & _! res9\s odors4 ,i 0
 happy1 b ,laura 0 unacc\ntably sil5t4  
,:at is x1 ,laura8 ,i ask$1 9 a :isp]4  
,no?+1 ,m>g>et1--only x seems to me t we
 mortals are always rid+ or fi%+1 eat+  
or dr9k+1 & t we nev] get to liv+4 ,to  
tell y ! tru?1 ! pies 7 too s\r4 ,come1 
we mu/ g1 %e said al\d4  ,r$mond himself
 br\ght ,folly f ! /able4  ,we w ride   
home toge!r1 he said4 ,my calm nag w    
suit y\rs bett] ?an ,black4 ,:y does y\r
 h& tremble8  ,he saw my %ak+ h&s1 z ,i 
took ! re92 ! fact 01 my wri/s 7 ne>ly  
brok54  ,no?+ %all happ5 to-night1 ,i   
assure y1 he cont9u$1 :ile he tight5$   
,folly's gir?4  ,he contriv$ to be busy 
till all ! p>ty _h disappe>$ d[n a turn 
( ! road4 ,z he 0 m\nt+ 8 horse1 ,mrs4  
,sampson1 :o 0 on ! /eps1 :isp]$ to     
me1--  ,he's a beautiful "y man1 n[6    

,he he>d h]2 he _h ! e> ( a wild animal2
 he took (f 8 hat to ,mrs4 ,sampson1 &  
we rode sl[ly away4  ,z soon z we 7 9 ! 
wood1 ,r$mond ti$ ! bridles ( ! horses  
toge!r ) 8 h&k]*ief4 ,x 0 s d>k t my    
sight c\ld n sep>ate him f 8 horse4 ,!y 
mov$ beside me1 a vague1 black %ape4 ,! 
horses' feet fell )\t noise 9 ! cool1   
moi/ s&4 ,if our companions 7 ne> u1 we 
c\ld n see !m1 & we did n he> !m4       
,horses g5]ally keep an ev5 pace1 :5    
travell+ at night1--subdu$ by ! d>kness1
 p]haps1--& ,folly w5t along )\t sway+  
an in*4 ,i dropp$ ! re9 on 8 neck1 &    
took hold ( ! pommel4 ,my h& fell on    
,r$mond's4 ,be=e ,i c\ld take x away1 he
 _h clasp$ x1 & t\*$ x ) 8 lips4 ,!     
movem5t 0 s sudd5 t ,i half lo/ my      
balance1 b ! horses /epp$ ev5ly toge!r4 
,he ?rew 8 arm r\nd me1 & recoil$ f me z
 if he _h receiv$ a bl[4  ,take up y\r  
re91 he said1 ) a /range                
voice1--quick6--we mu/ ride fa/ out (   
?is4  ,i made no reply1 = ,i 0 try+ to  
untie ! h&k]*ief4 ,! knot 0 too firm4   

,no1 no1 he said1 :5 he p]ceiv$ :at ,i 0
 do+1 let x be s4  ,untie x1 ,sir6  ,i w
 n4  ,i put my face d[n betwe5 ! horses'
 necks & bit x ap>t1 & ?ru/ x into my   
bosom4  ,n[1 ,i said1 %all we ride fa/8 
,he %ook 8 re91 & we rode fi]cely1--pa/ 
our p>ty1 :o %\t$ at u1--?r\gh !        
wood1--ov] ! br[ ( ! great hill1 f ^:   
top we saw ! d>k1 motionless sea1--?r\gh
 ! long /reet1--& ?r\gh my fa!r's       
gateway into ! /able-y>d1 :]e ,i leap$ f
 my horse1 &1 bridle 9 h&1 said1 ,good  
night6 9 a l\d voice4  ,r$mond swung 8  
hat & gallop$ (f4  ,e>ly next morn+1    
,laura s5t me a note3--  ,,de>          
,,m>g>et1--,i h an ague1 & mean to h x  
till ,sunday night4 ,! p9es did x4 ,did 
y br+ home any ne$les8 ,on ,monday1 "m w
 give "o ( h] :i/-p>ties4 ,i %all add a 
doz5 or two ( our set2 y w come4  ,p4,s4
 ,:at d y ?9k ( ,mr4 ,h>ry ,lo?rop8     
,good "y man1 eh8  ,i 0 glad t ,laura _h
 %ut h]self up = a few days2 ,i dread$  
to see h] j n[4 ,i suff]$ f an          
inexplicable feel+ ( pride &            

disappo9tm5t1 & did n c>e to h h]       
discov] x4 ,laura1 l myself1 sometimes  
*ose to protect h]self aga9/ neighborly 
invasions4 ,we nev] kept our doors lock$
 9 ! c\ntry2 ! s5d+ 9 ( a c>d 0 an      
unkn[n process !re4 ,our acqua9tances   
walk$ 9 ^u u :5ev] ! :im took !m1 & x n[
 & !n happ5$ to be an inconv5i5ce to u  
:o lov$ an occasional fit ( solitude4 ,i
 det]m9$ to keep 9-doors = a few days   
also4 ,:5ev] ,i 0 9 an unquiet mood1 ,i 
took to indu/ry2 s t day ,i set ab\t    
arrang+ my draw]s1 mak+ ov] my ribbons1 
& turn+ my room upside d[n4 ,i rehung   
all my pictures1 & mov$ my bottles &    
boxes4 ,!n ,i m5d$ my /ock+s1 & m>k$ my 
clo!s1 :i* 0 n a necess>y piece ( "w1 z 
,i nev] left home4 ,i next attack$ !    
p>lor1--wa%$ all ! vases1 *ang$ ! places
 ( ! furniture1 & di/ress$ my "m v mu*4 
,:5 ev5+ came1 ,i bru%$ my hair a good  
deal1 & look$ at my h&s1 & w5t to b$    
e>ly4 ,i c\ld n read !n1 ?\gh ,i (t5    
took books f ! %elves1 & ,i w\ld n ?9k4 
,sunday came r\nd4 ,! *ur*-bells made me

 lonesome4 ,i look$ out ( ! w9d[ _m     
times t day1 &1 fix+ on ! sa% "o ( my   
fa!r's %ip-glasses1 swept ! sea1 & pe]$ 
at ! isl&s on ! o!r side ( ! bay1 gaz+  
?r\gh _! op5+s1 beyond :i* ,i c\ld see !
 great dim ocean4 ,"m came home f *ur*1 
& said "y ,maurice 0 !re1 & inquir$ ab\t
 me4 ,he hop$ ,i did n take cold2 8     
fri5d ,r$mond _h be5 ho>se ev] s9ce our 
ride1 & _h pass$ mo/ ( ! "t 9 8 own     
room1 drumm+ on ! w9d[-pane & :i/l+     
dirges4 ,"m dropp$ h] acute eyes on me1 
:ile %e 0 tell+ me ?is2 b ,i yawn$ all  
expression f my face4  ,z ,monday night 
drew ne>1 my numbness ( feel+ began to  
pass (f2 ?\ght came into my bra9 by     
plunges4 ,n[ ,i desir$2 n[ ,i hop$4 ,i  
dress$ myself 9 black silk1 & wore a    
cape ( black ,*antilly lace4 ,i made my 
hair z glossy z possible1 drew x d[n on 
my face1 & put r\nd my head a b& compos$
 ( m9ute /icks ( coral4 ,:5 all 0 done1 
,i took ! c&le & held x above my head & 
survey$ myself 9 ! glass4 ,i 0 v pale4  
,! pupils ( my eyes 7 dilat$1 z if ,i _h

 receiv$ "s impression t w\ld n pass    
away4 ,my lips _h ! r$ness ( y\?2 _!    
color 0 deep5$ by my pal5ess4  ,h[      
h&some ,i am6 ,i ?\ght1 z ,i set d[n !  
c&le4  ,:5 ,i ent]$ ,laura's p>lor1 %e  
came t[>d me & said1--  ,artful         
creature6 y knew well1 ?is w>m night1 t 
e girl ( u w\ld we> a light dress2 s y  
wore a black "o4 ,h[ well y und]/& su*  
matt]s6 ,y are v clev]2 y\r real        
s5sibility adds effect to y\r clev]ness4
 ,i see h[ x is4 ,come into ?is corn]4  
,h y got a fan8 ,good graci\s6 black1 ) 
gold spangles2--:]e d y buy y\r ?+s8 ,i 
c tell y n[1 %e cont9u$1 my conv]sation 
on ! bridge ! o!r day4  ,%e hesitat$1 & 
ask$ me if ,i lik$ h] new musl94 ,%e did
 look well 9 x2 x 0 a :ite fabric1 ) r$ 
rose-buds scatt]$ ov] x4 ,h] delicate   
face 0 %ad[$ by light br[n curls4 ,%e 0 
attractive1 & ,i told h] s1 & %e began  
aga93--  ,h>ry ,lo?rop said1 z he 0     
impal+ ! half ( a worm1--  ',r$mond is a
 h&some fell[1 is he n8'  ',he is too   
awfully ?91' ,i answ]$1 'b 8 eyes are   

good4'  ,he gave me a crafty side-look1 
l t ( a p>rot1 :5 he means to bite y\r  
f+]4  ',y\r fri5d1 too1' he add$1 'is   
really "o ( ! mo/ beautiful girls ,i ev]
 saw1--a coquette ) a he>t4'  ',let d[n 
y\r l9e into ! wat]1' ,i said4  ,he     
laugh$ a little laugh4 ,by-!-by1 !re is 
an insidi\s t5acity ab\t ,mr4 ,h>ry     
,lo?rop :i* irritates me2 b ,i l him1 = 
,i ?9k he und]/&s wom54 ,i feel at ease 
) him1 :5 he is n ?r[+ out 8 t5aci\s    
feel]s4 ,!n he said1--  ',r$mond is     
engag$ to 8 c\s94 ,! girl's "m _h ! *>ge
 ( him ?r\gh 8 boyhood4 ,he is ard5tly  
atta*$ to h]1--! "m1 ,i mean4 ,%e is mo/
 anxi\s to call ,r$mond h] son4'        
',didn't y h a bite8' ,i said4  ',well1 
,i ?9k ! bait is (f ! hook1' he answ]$2 
& !n we 7 sil5t & pond]$ ! wat]4  ,!re  
are "s p ,i mu/ speak to1--& ,laura mov$
 away )\t look+ at me4  ,i op5$ my fan1 
b felt *illy4 ,a bu/le ne> me caus$ me  
to raise my eyes2 ,r$mond 0 speak+ to a 
lady4 ,he 0 9 black1 too1 & v pale4 ,he 
turn$ t[>d me & our eyes met4 ,8        

expression agitat$ me s t ,i            
unconsci\sly rose to my feet & w>n$ him 
(f ) my fan2 b he seem$ root$ to ! spot4
 ,laura took c>e ( u bo?2 %e came & /ood
 betwe5 u4 ,i saw h] look at him s      
sweetly & s m\rnfully1 t he und]/ood h] 
9 a mom5t4 ,he %ook 8 head & walk$      
abruptly into ano!r room4 ,laura w5t    
aga9 f me )\t giv+ me a look4 ,maurice  
came up & ,i made room = him beside me4 
,we talk$ ( ! rid+-p>ty1 & !n ( our fir/
 meet+ at ! ball4 ,he told me t         
,r$mond's boat _h arriv$1 & :at a fam\s 
boat x 01 & :at jolly sprees we fell[s  
_h1 cruis+ ab\t ) h]4 ,i ask$ him ab\t 8
 guit>1 & :5 we might he> him play4 ,he 
grew m *atty & began to tell me ab\t 8  
si/]1 :5 ,r$mond & ,h>ry ,lo?rop came   
ov] to u1 :i* end$ 8 *at4  ,! p>ty 0 l  
all p>ties1--dull at fir/1 & bright] z x
 grew late4 ,! old ladies play$ :i/ 9 "o
 room1 & ! y\ng] "p ( ! company 7 9     
ano!r4 ,*ampagne 0 n a preval5t dr9k 9  
our village1 b x happ5$ t we _h "s t    
night4  ,x may be a s9ful bev]age1 said 

an old lady ne> me1 b x is good4        
,r$mond op5$ a bottle = me1 we cl9k$    
glasses1 & drank to an indef9ite1 sil5t 
wi%4  ,"o m1 he ask$1 & let u *ange     
glasses4  ,pres5tly a cl\d ( delicate   
w>m? spread ov] my bra91 & gave me      
c\rage to seek & meet 8 glance4 ,!re mu/
 h be5 an expression ( irresolution 9 my
 face1 = he look$ at me inquir+ly1 & !n 
8 own face grew v sad4 ,i felt awkw>d f 
my intuition ( 8 op9ion ( my mood1 :5 he
 reliev$ me by say+ some?+ ab\t         
,%elley1--a copy ( ^: poems lay on a    
table ne>4 ,f ,%elley he w5t to 8 boat1 
& said he hop$ to h "s pleasant         
excursions ) ,laura & myself4 ,he w\ld g
 at once & talk ) ,laura's "m ab\t !m4  
,i wat*$ him ?r\gh ! door1 :ile he spoke
 to h]4 ,%e 0 9 a l[ *air1 & he lean$ 8 
face on "o h& close to h]s4 ,i saw t 8  
natural expression 0 "o ( tranquillity &
 c\rage4 ,he 0 n m ?an tw5ty-two1 b !   
firmness ( ! l9es ab\t 8 m\? beli$ 8    
y\?4  ,he has a wond]ful face1 ,i ?\ght1
 & j z wond]ful a w4  ,i felt my own w  

rise z ,i look$ at him1--a w t %\ld make
 me mi/ress ( myself1 p[]ful en\gh to   
cont5d )1 & resi/1 or turn to advantage 
any controll+ fate :i* might come ne>   
me4  ,d y feel l s++8 ,h>ry ,lo?rop     
inquir$4 ,d y "k ,byron's song1 ',"o    
/ruggle m & ,i am free'8  ,oh1 yes6 ,i  
repli$1--x is set to music :i* suits my 
voice4 ,i w s+ x4  ,laura _h be5 play+  
polkas ) great _s4 ,s9ce ! ,*ampagne1 ! 
old ladies _h clos$ _! games ( :i/ =    
talk+1 &1 z x 0 ne>ly "t to g1 ! company
 0 gay4 ,!re 0 laugh+ & talk+ :5 ,i     
began1 b sil5ce soon aft]1 = ! w9e made 
my voice husky & effective4 ,i sang z if
 deeply mov$4  ,"l6 ,i he>d ,maurice say
 to ,laura1 z ,i rose f ! piano1 :at a  
girl6 %e's really tragic4  ,i caught    
,h>ry ,lo?rop's eye1 z ,i pass$ ?r\gh ! 
door to g up-/airs2 x 0 burn+2 ,i felt z
 if a hot coal _h dropp$ on me4 ,maurice
 ran into ! hall & sprang ^u !          
/air-rail+ to ask me if he might be my  
escort home4 ,t night he s]5ad$ me4 ,he 
0 a good-he>t$1 *e]ful creature2        

conceit$1 z small m5 are apt to         
be1--conceit answ]+ = size ) !m1--b     
pleasantly s1 & ,i le>n$ to l him z mu* 
z ,r$mond did4  ,! summ] days 7 pass+4  
,we _h all sorts ( p>ties1--p>ties 9    
h\ses & out-(-doors2 we rode & sail$ &  
walk$4 ,laura walk$ & talk$ mu* ) ,h>ry 
,lo?rop4 ,we did n (t5 see ea* o!r      
alone1 b1 :5 we met1 7 m s]i\s &        
affectionate ) ea* o!r4 ,we did n speak1
 except 9 a g5]al way1 ( ,r$mond & ,h>ry
 ,lo?rop4 ,i did n avoid ,r$mond1 nor   
did ,i seek him4 ,we _h _m a s]i\s      
conv]sation 9 public1 z well z _m a gay 
"o2 b ,i _h nev] met him alone s9ce !   
night we rode ?r\gh ! p9es4  ,he w5t    
away = a =tnight4 ,on ! day ( 8 return  
he came to see me4 ,he look$ s glad1 :5 
,i ent]$ ! room1 t ,i c\ld n help feel+ 
a wild ?rill4 ,i w5t up to him1 b said  
no?+4 ,he held out bo? 8 h&s4 ,i        
retreat$4 ,an angry feel+ ru%$ into my  
he>t4  ,no1 ,i said1 ,^: h& did y hold  
la/8  ,he turn$ deadly pale4  ,t ( !    
woman ,i am go+ to m>ry4  ,i smil$ to   

hide ! trembl+ ( my lips1 & (f]$ my h&  
to him2 b he wav$ x away1 & fell back on
 8 *air1 hurri$ly draw+ 8 h&k]*ief      
across 8 face4 ,i saw t he 0 v fa9t1 &  
/ood aga9/ ! door1 wait+ = him to       
recov]4  ,m ?an ,i h play$ ! woman & !  
fool be=e y4  ,yes4  ,i ?\ght s4 ,y seem
 exp]i5c$4  ,i am4  ,=give me1 he said1 
g5tly2 be+ only a man1 ,i ?9k y c4 ,good
 ,god6 he exclaim$1 :at an inf]nal      
self-possession y %[6  ,r$mond1 is x n  
"t to end ?is8 ,! summ] has be5 a long  
"o1--has x n8--long en\gh = me to h     
le>n$ :at x is to live4 ,our positions  
are rev]s$ s9ce we h become acqua9t$4 ,i
 am = ! fir/ "t =gett+ self1 & y = !    
fir/ "t rememb] self4 ,r$mond1 y are a  
noble man4 ,y h a /eadfa/ s\l4 ,d n be  
%ak54 ,i am n l y2 ,i am n simple or    
s+le-he>t$4 ,b ,i imitate y4 ,n[ come1  
,i beg y w g4  ,c]ta9ly1 ,i w4 ,i h     
little to say4  ,augu/ _h ne>ly gone :5 
,maurice told me !y 7 ab\t to leave4    
,laura said we mu/ prep>e =             
retrospection & ! fall sew+4  ,well1 ,i 

said1 ! future looks gloomy1 & ,i mu/ h 
"s new dresses4  ,maurice came to see me
 "o morn+ 9 a /ate ( excitem5t to say we
 7 all go+ to ,bird ,isl& to sp5d ! day1
 d9e at ! light-h\se1 & sail home by    
moonlight4 ,fifte5 ( ! p>ty 7 go+ d[n by
 ! sloop ,sapphire1 & ,r$mond _h begg$  
him to ask if ,laura & ,i w\ld g 9 8    
boat4  ,d g1 said ,maurice2 x w be our  
la/ excursion toge!r2 next week we are  
(f4 ,i am brok5-he>t$ ab\t x4 ,i %all   
nev] be s happy aga94 ,i h actually     
:imp]$ once or twice4 ,y %\ld he>       
,r$mond :i/le n[adays4 ,h>ry pulls 8    
m\/a*e & laughs 8 oily laughs1 b he is  
sorry to g1 & kicks 8 clo!s ab\t        
awfully4 ,by ! way1 he is go+ d[n 9 !   
sloop because ,miss ,fairfax is go+1--he
 says1--t tall "y lady ) cr9kl$         
hair2--he hates h]1 & hopes to see h]   
sick4 ,may ,i come = y 9 ! morn+1 by t5 
o'clock8 ,r$mond w be wait+ on ! :>f4   
,tell ,r$mond1 ,i answ]$1 t ,i w g2 & w 
y ask ,h>ry ,lo?rop n to engage himself 
= all ! reels to ,miss ,fairfax8  ,he   

promis$ to fulfil my message1 & w5t (f 9
 high spirits4 ,i wond]$1 z ,i saw him  
go+ d[n ! walk1 :y x 0 t ,i felt s mu* m
 natural & fri5dly ) him ?an ) ei!r ( 8 
fri5ds4 ,i (t5 talk$ confid5tially to   
him2 he knew h[ ,i lov$ my "m1 & h[ ,i  
admir$ my fa!r1 & ,i told him all ab\t  
my bro!r's bus9ess4 ,he also knew :at ,i
 lik$ be/ to eat & to we>4 ,9 return1 he
 confid$ 8 family secrets to me4 ,i knew
 8 ta/es & wi%es4 ,!re 0 no common gr\nd
 :]e ,i met ,r$mond & ,h>ry ,lo?rop4    
,!re 7 too _m topics betwe5 ,r$mond &   
myself to be avoid$1 = u to v5ture ^u   
private or famili> conv]sation4 ,h>ry   
,lo?rop 0 an accompli%$1 fa/idi\s man ( 
! _w1 ,i dread$ bor+ him1 & s ,i said   
little4 ,he 0 sev]al ye>s old] ?an      
,r$mond1 & possess$ m k ( m51 wom51 &   
books4 ,r$mond _h no acquirem5ts1 he    
knew en\gh by nature1 & ,i nev] saw a   
p]son ) m fasc9ation ( mann] & voice4   
,! ev5+ be=e ! sail+-p>ty1 ,i _h a      
melan*oly fit4 ,i 0 re/less1 & aft] d>k 
,i put a %awl ov] my head & w5t out to  

walk4 ,i w5t up a lonesome road1 beyond 
our h\se4 ,on "o side ,i he>d ! wat]    
wa%+ aga9/ ! %ore ) regul>ity1 z if x 7 
brea?+4 ,on ! o!r side 7 mead[s1 :]e !re
 7 c[s crun*+ ! grass4 ,a mile f>!r 0 a 
l[ wood ( oaks1 ?r\gh :i* ran a pa?4 ,i 
det]m9$ to walk ?r\gh t4 ,! d>kness & a 
%>p breeze :i* blew aga9/ me f limitless
 space made me feel z if ,i 7 ! only    
human creature ! elem5ts c\ld f9d to    
cont5d )1 ,i turn$ d[n ! little pa? into
 ! deep] d>kness ( ! wood1 sat d[n on a 
heap ( dead leaves1 & began to cry4     
,m9e is a mis]able pride1 0 my ?\ght1--t
 ( arm+ myself ) beauty & tal5t & go+   
?r\gh ! _w conqu]+6 ,girls are ignorant1
 till !y are disappo9t$4 ,! only k m5   
pr(f] u is ! k ( ! he>t2 x becomes u to 
pr(it by x4 ,r$mond w m>ry t girl4 ,he  
mu/1 & %all4 ,i w empty ! du/ & a%es (  
my he>t z soon z ! fire goes d[n3 t is1 
,i ?9k s2 b ,i "k t ,i d n "k myself4 ,i
 h two natures1--"o t acts1 & "o t is   
act$ ^u1--& ,i _c always sep>ate ! "o f 
! o!r4  ,some?+ d>k5$ ! op5+ into ! pa?4

 ,two p]sons pass$ 9 sl[ly4 ,i p]ceiv$ !
 odor ( violets1 & felt t "o ( !m mu/ be
 ,laura4 ,wait+ till !y pass$ beyond me1
 ,i rose & w5t home4  ,! next morn+ 0   
cl\dy1 & ! sea 0 r\gh ) a high w9d2 b we
 7 old sailors1 & decid$ to g on our    
excursion4 ,! sloop & ,r$mond's boat    
left ! :>f at ! same "t4 ,we expect$ to 
be sev]al h\rs beat+ d[n to ,bird ,isl&1
 = ! w9d 0 ahead4 ,laura & ,i1 muffl$ 9 
cloaks1 7 plac$ on ! ?w>ts & neglect$2 =
 ,r$mond & ,maurice 7 busy ) ! boat4    
,laura 0 sil5t1 & look$ ill4 ,r$mond sat
 at ! helm1 & kept ! boat up to ! w9d1  
:i* drove ! hiss+ spray ov] u4 ,! sloop 
hugg$ ! %ore1 & did n feel ! bla/ z we  
did4 ,i slid along my seat to be ne>    
,r$mond4 ,he saw me com+1 & put out 8 h&
 & drew me t[>ds him1 look+ s k9dly at  
me t ,i 0 melt$4 ,try+ to get at my     
h&k]*ief1 :i* 0 9 my dress-pocket1 my   
cloak flew op51 ! w9d caught x1 &1 z ,i 
rose to draw x clos]1 ,i ne>ly fell     
ov]bo>d4 ,r$mond gave a spr+ to cat* me1
 & ! boat lo/ h] headway4 ,! sail flapp$

 ) a l\d bang4 ,maurice swore1 & we     
*opp$ ab\t 9 ! %ort sea4  ,x is y\r     
de/9y to h a sc5e1 :]ev] y are1 said    
,laura4 ,if ,i did n feel desp]ate1 ,i  
%\ld be fright5$4 ,b ^! gre51 crawl+    
waves are s opaque1 if we fall 91 we    
%all n see ourselves dr[n4  ,c\rage6 !  
boat is "u way1 ,maurice cri$ out2 we   
are ne>ly !re4  ,& r\nd+ a little po9t1 
we saw ! light-h\se at la/4 ,! sloop    
an*or$ a qu>t] ( a mile f ! %ore1 ! wat]
 be+ %oal1 & ,r$mond took (f h] p>ty by 
in/alm5ts4  ,:at ! deuse 0 ! matt] ) y  
at "o "t8 ask$ ,jack ,p>k]4 ,we saw y 7 
hav+ a sort ( convulsion4 ,our cap'n    
said y 7 bold *aps to be trifl+ ) su* a 
top-heavy boat4  ,miss ,d5ham1 said     
,r$mond1 ?\ght %e c\ld /e] ! boat z well
 z ,i c\ld1 & s ! boat lo/ headway4     
,h>ry ,lo?rop gave ,r$mond "o ( 8 s(t   
smiles1 & a vex$ look pass$ ov]         
,r$mond's face :5 he saw x4  ,we _h to  
scramble ov] a l[ range ( rocks to get  
to ! %ore4 ,r$mond an*or$ 8 boat by "o (
 !m4 ,bird ,isl& 0 a fam\s place =      

p>ties4 ,x 0 a mile 9 ext5t4 ,n a       
creature 0 on x except ! light-h\se     
keep]1 8 wife1 & daught]4 ,! gulls made 
_! ne/s 9 its rocky bord]s2 _! %rill    
cries1 ! incessant da%+ ( ! waves on !  
l$ges1 & ! creak+ ( ! lant]n 9 ! /one   
t[] 7 all ! s\nds ! family he>d1 except 
:5 !y 7 invad$ by "s noisy p>ty l ours4 
,!y 7 glad to see u4 ,! light-h\se keep]
 w5t into ! _w only :5 x 0 necess>y to  
buy /ores1 or :5 8 wife & daught] want$ 
to pay a visit to ! ma9l&4  ,! h\se 0 ( 
/one1 "o /ory high1 ) ?ick walls4 ,!    
small1 deep-set w9d[s & ! l[ ceil+s gave
 ! rooms ! air ( a prison2 b !re 0 also 
an air ( security ab\t !m3 =1 9 look+ f 
! n>r[ w9d[s1 "o felt t ! h\se 0 a      
/eadfa/ %ip 9 ! circle ( ! turbul5t sea1
 ^: waves f e po9t seem$ advanc+ t[>ds  
x4 ,a pale1 co>se grass grew 9 ! s& ( ! 
isl&4 ,x 0 too feeble to resi/ ! acrid  
brea? ( ! ocean1 s x %udd]$ p]petually1 
& b5t l&w>d1 z if invok+ ! protection ( 
its /epmo!r1 ! solid e>?4  ,x is p]fect1
 said ,r$mond to me2 ,i h be5 look+ =   

?is spot all my life2 ,i am ready to    
swe> t ,i w nev] leave x4  ,we 7 sitt+ 9
 a w9d[1 fac+ ea* o!r4 ,he look$ out    
t[>d ! we/1 & pres5tly 0 lo/ 9 ?\ght4   
,he fold$ 8 arms tightly across 8 brea/1
 & 8 eyes 7 a hundr$ miles away4 ,! s\nd
 ( a fiddle 9 ! long alley :i* l$ f !   
h\se to ! t[] broke 8 rev]ie4  ,we %all 
be upro>i\s be=e we leave1 ,i said2 we  
always are1 :5 we come "h4  ,! fun _h   
already set 94 ,"s ( ! girls _h p9n$ up 
_! dresses1 & borr[$ aprons f !         
light-h\se keep]'s wife1 & ) scor*$     
faces 7 help+ h] to make *[d] & fry fi%4
 ,o!rs 7 arrang+ ! table1 assi/$ by ! "y
 m51 :o put ! di%es 9 ! wrong places4   
,o!rs 7 s++ 9 ! be/ room4 ,"o or two _h 
br\ght novels along1 & 7 read+ !m 9     
corn]s4 ,x 0 all m]ry & pleasant1 b ,i  
felt quiet4 ,r$mond ent]$ into ! _s ( ! 
sc5e4 ,i _h nev] se5 him s gay4 ,he     
*att$ ) all ! girls1 int]f]+ or help+1 z
 ! case might be4 ,maurice br\ght 8     
guit>1 & _h a gr\p ab\t him at ! foot ( 
! t[]-/airs4 ,he sung l\d1 b 8 voice    

seem$ to fluctuate2--n[ x rang ?r\gh !  
t[]1 n[ x 0 half ov]p[]$ by ! ro> ( !   
sea4 ,8 poetical temp]am5t l$ him to    
*oose songs 9 h>mony ) ! place1 n to    
suit ! company1--melan*oly words set to 
wild1 fitful *ords1 :i* rose & di$ away 
accord+ to ! skill ( ! play]4 ,i _h gone
 ne> him1 = 8 s++ _h attract$ me4  ,y   
are inspir$1 ,i said4  ,he nodd$4  ,y   
nev] sung s be=e4  ,i feel old to-day1  
he answ]$1 & he swept 8 h&s across all !
 /r+s2 my ditties are done4  ,aft] d9n] 
,laura ask$ me to g out ) h]4 ,we slipp$
 away unse51 & w5t to ! bea*1 & seat$   
ourselves on a great rock ^: out] side 0
 lapp$ by ! wat]4 ,! sun _h brok5 ?r\gh 
! cl\ds1 b %one luridly1 giv+ ! sea a   
lead5 t9t4 ,! w9d 0 go+ d[n4 ,we _h n   
be5 !re long1 :5 ,r$mond jo9$ u4 ,he    
ask$ u to g r\nd ! isl& 9 8 boat4 ,laura
 decl9$1 & said %e w\ld sit on ! rock   
:ile we w5t1 if ,i *ose to g4 ,i did    
*oose to g1 & he br\ght ! boat to !     
rock4 ,he hoi/$ ! sail half up ! ma/1 & 
we sail$ close to ! %ore4 ,x rose       

gradually along ! ea/ side ( ! isl&1 &  
t]m9at$ 9 a bold l$ge :i* curv$ into !  
sea4 ,we ran inside ! curve1 :]e ! wat] 
0 ne>ly smoo?4 ,r$mond l[]$ ! sail & !  
boat drift$ t[>d ! l$ge sl[ly4 ,a tongue
 ( l&1 cov]$ ) pale s$ge1 0 on ! left   
side4 ,above ! l$ge1 at ! "r1 we c\ld   
see ! t[] ( ! light-h\se4 ,r$mond ti$   
d[n ! helm1 &1 ?r[+ himself beside me1  
lean$ 8 head on 8 h&1 & look$ at me a   
long "t )\t speak+4 ,i li/5$ to ! wat]1 
:i* pla%$ fa9tly aga9/ ! b[s4 ,he cov]$ 
8 face ) 8 h&s4 ,i look$ out seaw>d ov] 
! tongue ( l&2 my he>t quak$1 l ! grass 
:i* grew ^u x4 ,at la/ he rose1 & ,i saw
 t he 0 cry+1--! te>s ra9$ fa/4  ,my s\l
 is dy+1 he said1 9 a /ifl$ voice2 ,i am
 n m ?an mortal1--,i _c endure x4  ,i   
po9t$ t[>d ! op5 sea1 :i* loom$ s vague 
9 ! di/ance4  ,! future is l t1--is x n8
 ,c\rage6 we mu/ drift ?r\gh x2 we %all 
f9d some?+4  ,he /amp$ 8 foot on ! deck4
  ,wom5 always talk s2 b m5 are diff]5t4
 ,if !re is a veil be=e u1 we mu/ te> x 
away1--n sit muffl$ 9 its folds1 &      

speculate on :at is beh9d x4 ,rise4  ,i 
obey$ him4 ,he held me firmly4 ,we 7    
face to face4  ,look at me4  ,i did4 ,8 
eyes 7 blaz+4  ,d y love me8  ,no4  ,he 
plac$ me on ! b5*1 hoi/$ ! sail1 unti$ !
 helm1 & we 7 soon pl\gh+ r\nd to ! spot
 :]e we _h left ,laura2 b %e 0 gone4 ,on
 ! rock :]e %e 01 p]*$ a solit>y gull1  
:i* flew away ) a scream z we approa*$4 
,t day 0 ! la/ t ,i saw ,r$mond alone4  
,he 0 at ! p>ty at ,laura's h\se :i*    
took place ! night be=e !y left4 ,we did
 n bid ea* o!r adieu4  ,aft] ! ?ree     
fri5ds _h gone1 !y s5t u gifts (        
remembrance4 ,r$mond's keepsake 0 a :ite
 fan ) =get-me-nots pa9t$ on x4 ,to     
,laura he s5t ! p5-hold]1 :i* 0 n[ m9e4 
,we miss$ !m1 & %\ld h felt _! loss1 _h 
no deep feel+ be5 involv$2 = !y gave an 
impetus to our dull c\ntry life1 & !    
:ole summ] _h be5 "o ( excitem5t &      
pleasure4 ,we settl$ by degrees into our
 old habits4 ,at ,*ri/mas1 ,frank came4 
,he look$ worri$ & old]4 ,he _h he>d    
some?+ ( ,laura's intimacy ) ,h>ry      

,lo?rop1 & 0 tr\bl$ ab\t x1 ,i "k3 b ,i 
believe ,laura 0 sil5t on ! matt]4 ,%e 0
 quiet & affectionate t[>d him dur+ 8   
visit1 & he w5t back consol$4  ,! w9t]  
pass$4 ,spr+ came & w5t1 & we 7 deep    
into ! summ] :5 ,laura 0 tak5 ill4 ,%e  
_h _h a little c\gh1 :i* no "o except h]
 "m notic$4 ,h] spirits fell1 & %e fail$
 fa/4 ,:5 ,i saw h] la/1 %e _h be5 ill  
"s weeks1 & _h nev] felt /rong en\gh to 
talk z mu* z %e did 9 t int]view4 ,%e   
n]v$ h]self to make ! ef=t1 & z %e bade 
me f>ewell1 bade f>ewell to life also4  
,& n[ x 0 all ov] ) h]6         99      
99       99       99       99  ,i fell  
asleep at l5g?1 & woke late4 ,x seem$ z 
if a ye> _h dropp$ out ( ! procession ( 
,"t4 ,my he>t 0 /ill beat+ ) ! emotion  
:i* /irr$ x :5 ,r$mond & ,i 7 toge!r    
la/4 ,recollection _h /ung me to !      
quick4 ,a t]rible long+ urg$ me to g &  
f9d him4 ,! feel+ ,i _h :5 we 7 9 !     
boat1 face to face1 ?rill$ my fibres    
aga94 ,i saw 8 gleam+ eyes2 ,i c\ld h   
ru%$ ?r\gh ! air to meet him4 ,b1 alas6 

exaltation ( feel+ la/s only a mom5t2 x 
drops u :]e x f9ds u4 ,if x 7 n s1 h[   
easy to be a h]o6 ,! dull reaction ( !  
pres5t1 l a sl[ avalan*e1 cru%$ & gr\nd 
me into no?+ness4  ,some?+ mu/ happ5 at 
la/1 ,i ?\ght1 to amuse me1 & make "t   
endurable4  ,:at c a woman d1 :5 %e kn[s
 t an epo* ( feel+ is r\nd$ (f1 f9i%$1  
dead8 ,g back to h] /ory-books1 h]      
dress-mak+1 h] wor/$-"w8 ,%all %e       
attempt to rise to m$iocrity on ! piano 
or 9 draw+1 di/ribute tracts1 become    
secret>y ( a ,dorcas society8 or %all %e
 turn h] m9d to ! matt] ( cultivat+     
ano!r lov] at once8 ,few ( u wom5 h     
c\rage en\gh to %\ld] out ! corpses (   
:at m5 leave 9 our he>ts4 ,we keep !m   
!re1 & conceal ! ru9s 9 :i* !y lie4 ,we 
gr[ cunn+ & artful 9 our tricks1 ! long]
 we practise !m4 ,b h[ we palpitate &   
%r9k & %udd]1 :5 we are alone 9 ! d>k6  
,aft] ,r$mond dep>t$1 ,i _h lock$ up my 
feel+s & ?r[n ! key away4 ,! dea? (     
,laura1 & ! awak5+ ( my recollections1  
caus$ by ! appe>ance ( ,h>ry ,lo?rop1   

wr5*$ ! door op54 ,hi!rto ,i _h act$ ) !
 brav]y ( a girl2 ,i mu/ n[ behave ) !  
resolution ( a woman4 ,i look$ into my  
he>t closely4 ,no skeleton 0 !re1 b !   
image ( a liv+ man1--,r$mond4  ,i love  
him1 ,i confess$4 ,to be 8 wife & ! "m (
 8 *ildr5 is ! only lot ,i ev] c>e to   
*oose4 ,he is noble1 h&some1 & loyal4 ,b
 ,i _c belong to him1 nor c he ev] be   
m9e4    ',( love t nev] f\nd 8 e>?ly    
close   ,:at sequel8'  ,:at did he d ) !
 remembrance ( me8 ,he scatt]$ x1       
p]haps1 ) ! a%es ( ! fir/ cig> he smok$ 
aft] he w5t f me1--made a m\nd ( x1     
maybe1 9 honor ( ,duty4 ,i am z ignorant
 ( him z if he no long] exi/$2 s ?is    
image mu/ be torn away4 ,i w n burn !   
lamp ( life be=e x1 b w build up ! ni*e 
:]e x /&s into a solid wall4  ,! ideal  
happ9ess ( love is s sweet & p[]ful1 t1 
= a :ile1 adv]se influ5ces only exalt ! 
imag9ation4 ,:5 ,laura told me (        
,r$mond's engagem5t1 x did b *ange my   
dream ( :at might be into :at might h   
be54 ,x 0 a mirage :i* cont9u$ :ile he 0

 pres5t & fad$ ) 8 dep>ture4 ,!n my he>t
 0 lock$ 9 ! dep?s ( w1 till circum/ance
 br\ght x a p[] ( rev5ge4 ,i ?9k n[1 if 
we _h spok5 freely & truly to ea* o!r1  
,i %\ld h suff]$ less :5 ,i saw 8 fri5d4
 ,we feel bett] :5 ! fun]al ( our de>e/ 
fri5d is ov] & we h return$ to ! h\se4  
,!re is to be no m prep>ation1 no wait+2
 ! w9d[s may be op5$1 & ! doors set     
wide2 ! v dre>9ess & desolation =ce our 
att5tion t[>ds ! liv+4  ,some?+ w come1 
,i ?\ght2 & ,i det]m9$ n to h any m     
rev]ies4 ,mr4 ,h>ry ,lo?rop is a        
pleasant riddle2 ,i %all see him soon1  
or he w write4  ,x occurr$ to me !n t ,i
 _h "s lett]s ( 8 already 9 my          
possession1--^? he _h writt5 to ,laura4 
,i f\nd ! ebony box1 &1 tak+ f x ! seal$
 package1 unfold$ ! lett]s "o by "o1    
read+ !m accord+ to _! dates4 ,!re 0 a  
note among !m = me1 f ,laura4  ,:5 y    
read ^! lett]s1 ,m>g>et1 x said1 y w see
 t ,i mu/ h /udi$ ! writ] ( !m 9 va94 ,y
 "k n[ t he made me unhappy2 n t ,i 0 9 
love ) him mu*1 b he /irr$ dep?s ( feel+

 :i* ,i _h no k (1 & :i* betwe5 ,frank1 
my betro!d husb&1 & myself _h no        
exi/5ce4 ,b 'le roi s'amuse4' ,p]haps a 
/rong passion w ma/] ?is man2 b ,i %all 
nev] "k4 ,w y8  ,i laid ! lett]s back 9 
_! place1 & felt no v /rong desire to   
le>n any?+ m ( ! writ]4 ,i did n "k !n  
h[ little tr\ble x w\ld be1--my %>e (   
mak+ ! acqua9tance4  ,x 0 n _m weeks    
be=e ,mr4 ,lo?rop came aga91 & r        
o/5tati\sly1 s t ev]ybody knew ( 8 visit
 to me4 ,b he saw none ( ! fri5ds he _h 
made dur+ 8 /ay ! ye> be=e4 ,i happ5$ to
 see him com+1 & w5t to ! door to meet  
him4 ,almo/ 8 fir/ words 71--  ,maurice 
is dead4 ,he w5t to ,florida1--took !   
fev]1--:i* kill$ him1 ( c\rse4 ,he di$  
only a week aft]--aft] ,laura4 ,poor    
fell[6 did he int]e/ y mu*8 ,i believe  
he 0 9 love ) y1 too2 b musical p are   
nev] desp]ate1 except :5 !y play a false
 note4  ,yes1 ,i answ]$2 ,i 0 fond (    
him4 ,8 conceit did n tr\ble me1 & he   
nev] fatigu$ me2 he _h no?+ to conceal4 
,he 0 a commonplace man2 "o lik$ him1 :5

 ) him1--& :5 away1 "o _h no ?\ght ab\t 
him4  ,i alone am left y1 said my       
visitor1 putt+ 8 hat on a *air1 & sl[ly 
pull+ (f 8 gloves1 f+] by f+]4  ,he _h  
sl5d]1 :ite h&s1 l a woman's1 & !y 7    
always 9 motion4 ,aft] he _h ?r[n 8     
gloves into 8 hat1 he put 8 f+] aga9/ 8 
*eek1 lean$ 8 elb[ on ! arm ( 8 *air1   
cross$ 8 legs1 & look$ at me ) a cunn+  
self-possession4 ,i glanc$ at 8 feet2 !y
 7 small & well-boot$4 ,i look$ into 8  
face2 x 0 n a h&some "o2 b he _h        
magnetic eyes1 ( a lighti% blue1 & a    
clev]1 loose m\?4 ,x is impossible to   
describe him1--j z impossible z x is = a
 man :o 0 born a boor to atta9 ! be>+ ( 
a g5tleman2 any attempt at x w\ld prove 
a bungl+ matt]1 :5 comp>$ ) ! orig9al4  
,he felt my scrut9y1 & knew1 too1 t ,i  
_h nev] look$ at him till !n4  ,d y s+  
n[adays8 he ask$1 tapp+ ) 8 f+]s ! keys 
( ! piano beh9d him4  ,psalms4  ,!y suit
 y admirably2 b ,i p]ceive y att5d to   
y\r dress /ill4 ,h[ effective ^? velvet 
b&s are6 ,y look old] ?an y did two ye>s

 ago4  ,two ye>s are en\gh to age a     
woman4  ,yes1 if %e is mis]able4 ,c y be
 unhappy8 he ask$1 ris+1 & tak+ a seat  
beside me4  ,!re 0 a tone ( sympa?y 9 8 
voice :i* made me %udd]1 ,i knew n :y4  
,x 0 nei!r av]sion nor lik+2 b ,i dread$
 to be ?r[n into any tumult ( feel+4 ,i 
realiz$ aft]w>d m fully t x is next to  
impossible = a passionate woman to      
receive ! s9c]e addresses ( a manly man 
)\t feel+ "s fluctuation ( s\l4         
,ignorant spectators call h] a coquette 
= ?is4 ,happily1 !re are tea*]s among   
our own sex1 wom5 ( cold temp]am5ts1    
able to v9dicate !mselves f !           
imputation4 ,!y sp>e !mselves great wa/e
 ( he>t & "s g5]\s emotion1--also       
remorse & self-accusations reg>d+ ! want
 ( propriety1 & ! o!r +r$i5ts :i* g to  
make up a :ite-musl9 h]o9e4  ,h>ry      
,lo?rop saw t my *eek 0 burn+1 & made a 
movem5t t[>d me4 ,i toss$ my head back1 
& mov$ d[n ! s(a2 he did n foll[ me1 b  
smil$ & mus$ 9 8 old way4  ,& s x w5t   
on1--n once1 b _m times4 ,he wrote me   

quiet1 p]suasive1 eloqu5t lett]s4 ,by   
degrees ,i le>n$ 8 own hi/ory & t ( 8   
family1 8 prospects & 8 int5tions4 ,he 0
 ri*4 ,i knew well :at position ,i %\ld 
h1 if ,i 7 8 wife4 ,my beauty w\ld be   
spl5didly set4 ,i 0 well en\gh (f1 b n  
ri* en\gh to h>monize all ?+s accord+ to
 my ta/e4 ,i 0 pr\d1 & he 0 ref9$2 if we
 7 m>ri$1 :at bett] promise ( delicacy  
c\ld be giv5 ?an t ( pride 9 a woman1   
ref9em5t 9 a man8 ,he br\ght me fl[]s or
 books1 :5 he came4 ,! fl[]s 7 n        
delicate & inodor\s1 b magnific5t &     
deep-sc5t$2 & ! mat]ial ( ! books 0     
/alw>t & vigor\s4 ,i read 8 favorite    
au?ors ) him4 ,he 0 ! fir/ p]son :o ev] 
made any appeal to my intellect4 ,9     
%ort1 he 0 educat+ me = a purpose4      
,once he (f]$ me a diamond cross4 ,i    
refus$ x1 & he nev] ask$ me to accept   
any gift aga94 ,8 visits 7 n frequ5t1 & 
!y 7 %ort4 ,h[ev] great ! di/ance he    
accompli%$ to rea* me1 he /aid only an  
ev5+1 & !n return$4 ,he came & w5t at   
night4 ,9 "t ,i grew to look ^u our     

connection z an e/abli%$ ?+4 ,he made me
 und]/& t he lov$ me1 & t he only wait$ 
= me to return x2 b he did n say s4  ,i 
liv$ an idle life1 inhal+ ! p]fume ( !  
fl[]s he gave me1 dev\r+ old lit]ature1 
! ta/e = :i* he _h creat$1 & read+ &    
answ]+ 8 lett]s4 ,to be sure1 o!r duties
 7 fulfill$1 ,i 0 an affectionate *ild  
to my p>5ts1 & a prop] acqua9tance = my 
fri5ds4 ,i nev] lo/ any sleep n[1 nor 0 
,i tr\bl$ ) dreams4 ,i liv$ 9 ! outw>d2 
all my re/less activity1 t con/ant      
que/ion+ ( ! heav5s & ! e>?1 _h ceas$   
entirely4 ,five ye>s _h pass$ s9ce ,i   
fir/ saw ,r$mond4 ,i 0 n[ tw5ty-f\r4 ,! 
,fates grew tir$ ( ! monotony ( my life1
 ,i suppose1 = ab\t ?is "t x *ang$4  ,my
 olde/ bro!r1 a ba*elor1 liv$ 9 ,new    
,york4 ,he ask$ me to sp5d ! w9t] ) him2
 he liv$ 9 a quiet hotel1 _h a suite (  
rooms1 & c\ld make me com=table1 he     
said4 ,he _h j ask$ somebody to m>ry    
him1 & t somebody wi%$ to make my       
acqua9tance4 ,i 0 glad to g4 ,my he>t   
gave a b\nd at ! prospect ( *ange2 ,i 0 

/ill "y en\gh to dream ( ! impossible1  
:5 any *ance (f]$ itself to my          
imag9ation2 s ,i accept$ my bro!r's     
invitation ) "s elation4  ,i _h be5 9   
,new ,york a mon?4 ,"o day ,i 0 out ) my
 future si/]1 on a %opp+ raid2 ) our h&s
 full ( little pap] p>cels1 we /opp$ to 
look into ,g\pil's w9d[4 ,!re 0 always a
 rim ( cr[d !re1 s ,i paid no att5tion  
to ! jo/les we receiv$4 ,we 7 look+ at  
an engrav+ ( ,ary ,s*eff]'s ,franoise de
 ,rim9i4 ,n ! wor/ hell1 mutt]$ a voice 
beh9d me1 :i* ,i knew4 ,i />t$1 & pull$ 
,leonora's arm2 %e turn$ r\nd1 & ! fr+e 
( h] cloak-sleeve caught a button on !  
ov]coat ( "o ( ! g5tlem5 /&+ toge!r4 ,x 
0 ,r$mond2 ! o!r 0 8 anci5t1 ,h>ry      
,lo?rop4 ,leonora 0 arre/$2 ,i /ood     
/ill1 ( c\rse4 ,r$mond _h n se5 my face1
 = ,i turn$ x f him2 & 8 head 0 b5t d[n 
to ! task ( dis5gag+ 8 button4    ',ea* 
only z ,god wills   ,c "w2 ,god's       
puppets1 be/ & wor/1   ,are we2 !re is  
no la/ nor fir/1'  ,i ?\ght1 & turn$ my 
head4 ,he in/9ctively took (f 8 hat1 &  

!n plant$ x back on 8 head firmly1 &    
look$ ov] to ,h>ry ,lo?rop1 to :om ,i   
gave my h&4 ,he knew me be=e ,i saw him1
 ,i am conv9c$2 b 8 dramatic s5se kept  
him sil5t1--p]haps a deep] feel+4 ,!re 0
 an expression ( pa9 9 8 face1 :i*      
impell$ me to take 8 arm4  ,let u move  
on1 ,leonora1 ,i said2 ^! are "s summ]  
fri5ds ( m9e1 & ,i introduc$ !m to h]4  
,my *ief feel+ 0 emb>rassm5t1 :i* 0 %>$ 
by all ! p>ty2 = ,leonora felt t !re 0  
some?+ unusual 9 ! meet+4 ,! door ( !   
hotel seem$ to come r\nd at la/1 & z we 
7 go+ 91 ,h>ry ,lo?rop ask$ me if he    
might see me ! next morn+4  ,d come1 ,i 
answ]$ al\d4  ,we all b[$1 & !y         
disappe>$4  ,:at an elegant ,indian y\r 
tall fri5d is6 said ,leonora4  ,yes1--( 
! ,caman*e tribe4  ,b he w\ld look bett]
 hang+ f 8 horse's mane ?an he does 9 a 
long coat4  ,he is spoil$ by            
civilization & :ite p>5ts4 ,b1 ,leonora1
 /ay & d9e ) me1 9 my own room4 ,john w 
n come home till x is "t = ! op]a4 ,y "k
 we are go+4 ,y mu/ make me spl5did2 y c

 torture me into /yle1 ,i "k4  ,%e      
cons5t$1 provid$ ,i w\ld s5d a note to  
h] "m1 expla9+ t x 0 my invitation1 & n 
h] old ,john's1 z %e irrev]5tly call$   
him4 ,i did s1 & %e 0 delight$ to /ay4  
,?is is fa/1 %e said2 c't we h ,*ampagne
 & black c(fee8  ,%e fell to rummag+    
,john's closets1 & br\ght out a du/y1   
,*9ese-look+ affair1 :i* %e put on = a  
dress+-g[n4 ,%e f\nd "s ,*9ese /raw     
%oes1 & tuck$ h] little feet into !m1 & 
!n braid$ h] hair 9 a long tail1 &      
decl>$ %e 0 ready = d9n]4 ,h] gayety 0  
refre%+1 & ,i did n wond] at ,john's    
admiration4 ,my spirits rose1 too1 & ,i 
a/oni%$ ,leonora at ! table ) my *at2 %e
 _h nev] se5 me except :5 quiet4 ,i fell
 into "o ( ^? unselfi%1 unask+ moods :i*
 are ! glory ( y\?3 ,i felt t ! pure    
heav5 ( love 0 9 ! dep?s ( my be+2 my   
s\l %one l a /> 9 its atmosph]e2 my he>t
 ?robb$1 & ,i cri$ s(tly to x1--,live6  
live6 he is "h6 ,i /ill *att$ ) ,leonora
 & made h] laugh1 & ! *ild = ! fir/ "t  
?or\ghly lik$ me4 ,we 7 f9i%+ our       

dess]t1 :5 we he>d ,john's knock4 ,we   
all[$ him to come 9 = a mom5t1 & gave   
him "s almonds1 :i*1 he leisurely crack$
 & ate4  ,someh[1 ,m>g>et1 he said1 y   
rem9d me ( ^? wom5 :o enjoy ! ,indian   
fe/ival ( ! fun]al pile4 ,i h se5 ! ?+  
done2 y h some?+ ( ! sort 9 y\r m9d2 be 
sure to immolate y\rself h&somely4 ,wom5
 are ! deuse4  ,f9i% y\r almonds1 ,john1
 ,i said1 & g away2 we mu/ dress4  ,he  
put 8 h& on my arm1 & :isp]$1--  ,smo!r 
t light 9 y\r eyes1 my girl2 x is       
dang]\s4 ,& y h liv$ "u y\r "m's eye all
 y\r life6 ,y see :at ,i h              
done1--indicat+ ,leonora ) 8            
eyebr[s1--tak5 a baby on my h&s4  ,john1
 ,john6 ,i inw>dly ejaculat$1 y are an  
idiot4  ,%e %all nev] suff] :at y suff]2
 %e %all h ! b5efit ( ! exp]i5ce :i* o!r
 wom5 h giv5 me4  ,v likely1 ,i answ]$2 
,i "k we (t5 s]ve y z pione]s m]ely4    
,he gave a sad nod1 & ,i clos$ ! door ^u
 him4  ,put ^! p9s into my hair1        
,leonora1 & tell me1 h[ d y l my new    
dress8  ,p>is6 %e cri$4  ,x 0 a         

dove-color$ silk ) a black velvet /ripe 
?r\gh x4 ,i %[$ h] a %awl :i* ,john _h  
giv5 me1--a pale-yell[ gauzy fabric ) a 
gold-?read bord]1--& told h] to make me 
up4 ,%e produc$ q a m>vell\s effect2 =  
?is baby und]/ood ! art ( dress to      
p]fection4 ,%e made my hair into a loose
 mass1 roll+ x away f my face2 yet x 0  
firmly fa/5$4 ,!n %e %ook out ! %awl1 & 
wrapp$ me 9 x1 s t my head seem$ to be  
em]g+ f a pale-t9t$ cl\d4 ,john said ,i 
look$ outl&i%1 b ,leonora ?\ght o!rwise4
 ,%e begg$ him = "s ,indian p]fume1 & he
 f\nd an aromatic p[d]1 :i* %e spr9kl$  
inside my gloves & ov] my %awl4  ,we    
f\nd ! op]a-h\se cr[d$4 ,our seats 7 ne>
 ! /age4 ,john sat beh9d u1 s t he might
 slip out into ! lobby occasionally2 = !
 op]a 0 a bore to him4 ,! second act 0  
ov]2 ,john _h left 8 seat2 ,i 0 op5+ &  
%utt+ my fan me*anically1 half lo/ 9    
?\ght1 :5 ,leonora1 :o _h be5 look+ at !
 h\se ) h] lorgnette1 turn$ & said1--   
,is n t y\r fri5d ( ?is morn+1 on ! o!r 
side1 9 ! second r[1 lean+ aga9/ ! ?ird 

pill>8 ,!re is a que5i%-look+ old lady )
 him4 ,he hasn't spok5 to h] = a long   
"t1 & %e cont9ually looks up at him4  ,i
 took h] glass1 & discov]$ ,r$mond4 ,he 
look$ back at me ?r\gh ano!r2 ,i made a 
slight motion ) my h&k]*ief2 he dropp$ 8
 glass into ! lap ( ! lady next him &   
d>t$ out1 & 9 a mom5t he 0 beh9d me 9   
,john's seat4  ,:o is ) y8 he ask$4     
,bro!r1 ,i answ]$4  ,y intoxicate me )  
"s /range p]fume2 don't fan x ?is way4  
,i quietly pass$ ! fan to ,leonora1 :o  
n[ look$ back & spoke to him4 ,he talk$ 
) h] a mom5t1 & !n %e discreetly resum$ 
h] lorgnette4  ,:at happ5$ = two ye>s   
aft] ,i left ,b48 ,! la/ ye> ,i "k      
some?+ (4  ,breakfa/1 d9n]1 & tea2 ! ebb
 & fl[ ( ! tide2 & ! days ( ! week4     
,no?+ m8 ,& 8 voice came ne>]4  ,a few  
trifles4  ,!y are "u lock & key1 ,i     
suppose8  ,we d n c>ry relics ab\t ) u4 
,!re is ! conductor2 ,i mu/ g4 ,turn y\r
 face t[>d me m4  ,i obey$ him1 & our   
eyes met4 ,8 se>*+ gaze made me %iv]4   
,i h be5 m>ri$1 he said1 & 8 eyes 7     

unfl9*+1 & my wife is dead4  ,all !     
lights w5t d[n1 ,i ?\ght2 ,i /ruck out  
my arm to f9d ,leonora1 :o caught x &   
press$ x d[n4  ,i mu/ get out1 ,i said2 
& ,i walk$ up ! alley to ! door )\t     
/umbl+4  ,i knew t ,i 0 fa9t+ or dy+2 z 
,i _h nev] fa9t$1 ,i did n "k :i*4      
,r$mond c>ri$ me ?r\gh ! cloak-room &   
put me on a s(a4  ,i nev] c speak to him
 aga91 ,i ?\ght1 & !n ,i lo/ sight ( !m 
all4  ,a t]ribly %>p pa9 ?r\gh my he>t  
r\s$ me1 & ,i 0 9 a viol5t *ill4 ,!y _h 
?r[n wat] ov] my face2 my hair 0 matt$1 
& ! wat] 0 dripp+ f x on my nak$ %\ld]s4
 ,! gloves _h be5 ripp$ f my h&s1 &     
,leonora 0 wr++ my h&k]*ief4  ,! heat   
made y fa9t1 de>1 %e said4  ,john 0     
walk+ up & d[n ! room ) a phlegmatic    
c\nt5ance1 b he 0 fum+4  ,my new dress  
is ru9$1 ,john1 ,i said4  ,hang ! dress6
 ,h[ d y feel n[8  ,x is dr[n$2 & ,i    
feel bett]2 %all we g home8  ,he w5t out
 to ord] ! c>riage1 & ,leonora :isp]$ to
 me t %e _h =gott5 ,r$mond's "n4  ,no   
matt]1 ,i answ]$4 ,i c\ld n h spok5 x   

!n4  ,:5 ,john came1 ,leonora beckon$ to
 ,r$mond to introduce himself4 ,john    
%ook h&s ) him1 gave him an int5t look1 
& told u ! c>riage 0 ready4 ,r$mond     
foll[$ u1 & took leave ( u at !         
c>riage-door4  ,leonora begg$ me to /ay 
at h] h\se2 ,i refus$1 = ,i wi%$ to be  
alone4 ,john deposit$ h] ) h] "m1 & we  
drove home4 ,he gave me "o ( 8          
infallible m$ic9es1 & told me n to get  
up 9 ! morn+4 ,b :5 morn+ came1 ,i      
rememb]$ ,h>ry ,lo?rop 0 com+1 & made   
myself ready = him4 ,z human nature is n
 q p]fect1 ,i felt unhappy ab\t him1 & r
 fond ( him1 & ?\ght he possess$ "s     
admirable qualities4 ,i nev] c\ld read !
 old poets any m )\t a pang1 unless he 7
 ) me1 direct+ my eye along _! pages ) 8
 long :ite f+]6 ,i nev] %\ld smell      
tub]oses aga9 )\t feel+ fa9t1 unless !y 
7 8 gift6  ,by ! "t he came ,i 0 9 a    
/ate ( romantic regret1 & 9 t /ate _m a 
woman has answ]$1 ,yes6 ,he ask$ me     
abruptly if ,i ?\ght x w\ld be folly 9  
him to ask me to m>ry him4 ,! "q turn$ !

 tide4  ,no1 ,i answ]$1--n folly2 = ,i h
 ?\ght _m times 9 ! la/ two ye>s1 t ,i  
%\ld m>ry y1 if y said ,i mu/4 ,b n[ ,i 
believe t x is n be/4 ,y h pursu$ me    
pati5tly2 y\r self-love made ! conque/ (
 me a necess>y pleasure4 ,t 0 well en\gh
 = me2 = y made me feel all ! :ile1 t1  
if ,i lov$ y1 y 7 wor? possess+4 ,& y   
are4 ,i l y4 ,b my feel+ = y did n      
prev5t my fa9t+ away at ! op]a-h\se la/ 
night1 :5 ,r$mond told me t 8 wife 0    
dead4  ,s1 he said1 ! long-smo!r$ fire  
has brok5 out aga96 ,*ance does n       
befri5d me4 ,he saw y la/ night1 &      
yield$4 ,he said ye/]day he %\ld n tell 
y4 ,he ask$ me ab\t y aft] we left y1 & 
wi%$ to "k if ,i _h se5 y mu* = ! la/   
ye>4 ,i (f]$ him y\r la/ lett] to       
read1--am ,i n g5]\s8--b he refus$ x4   
',:5 ,i see h]1' he ask$1 'am ,i at     
lib]ty to say :at ,i *oose8'  ,on t ,i  
c\ld h said1 ',no4' ,r$mond & ,i h n se5
 ea* o!r s9ce ! p]iod ( my fir/ visit to
 y4 ,he has be5 nurs+ 8 wife 9 ! mean   
"t1 tak+ j\rneys ) h]1 & try+ all sorts 

( cures2 & n[ he seems ti$ to 8 aunt &  
"m-9-law4 ,he 0 m]ely pass+ ?r\gh ! city
 ) h]1 & ?is morn+ !y h gone            
aga94--,well1 aft] a pause1 !re is no   
ne$ ( words betwe5 u4 ,i h 9 my         
possession a "p ( y4 ,beautiful wom5 are
 l fl[]s :i* op5 _! leaves wide en\gh = 
_! p]fume to attract w&]+ bees2 ! p]fume
 is wa/$1 ?\gh ! honey may be hid4      
,alas1 :at a lesson ?is man is giv+ me6 
,i ?\ght4  ,f>ewell1 !n1 he said4 ,he   
bit 8 lips1 & 8 cl5*$ h&s trembl$2 b he 
ma/]$ 8 emotion4 ,y mu/ ?9k ( me4  ,&   
see y1 too1 ,i answ]$4 ,ev]y?+ comes    
r\nd aga91 if we live long en\gh4       
,dramatic unities are nev] pres]v$ 9    
life2 if !y 71 h[ poetical w\ld all ^!  
?+s be6 ,b ,"t :irls u r\nd1 %[+ u our  
_m-sid$ feel+s z c>elessly z a *ild     
rattles ! bits ( glass 9 8 kaleidoscope4
  ,s be x6 he repli$4 ,adieu6  ,t       
aft]noon ,i /aid at home1 & put ,john's 
room 9 ord]1 & clean$ ! du/ f 8 ,indian 
idols1 & 0 extremely busy till he came  
94 ,!n ,i kiss$ 8 :isk]s1 & told him all

 my s9s1 & cri$ once or twice dur+ my   
confession4 ,he pett$ me a good deal1 & 
made me eat twice z mu* d9n] z ,i want$2
 he said x 0 good = me1 & ,i obey$ him1 
= ,i felt uncommonly meek t day4  ,soon 
aft]1 ,r$mond s5t me a long lett]4 ,he  
said he _h be51 f a boy1 "u an          
obligation to 8 aunt1 ! "m ( 8 wife4 ,x 
0 a common /ory1 & he w\ld n tr\ble me )
 x4 ,he 0 m>ri$ soon aft] ,h>ry         
,lo?rop's fir/ visit to me1 at ! "t !y  
_h receiv$ ! news ( ,laura's dea?4 ,h[  
mu* he _h ?\ght ( ,laura aft]w>d1 :ile  
he 0 wat*+ ! fad+ away ( 8 pale blossom6
 ,8 aunt _h be5 ill s9ce ! dea? ( h]    
daught]1 re/less1 & discont5t$ ) e      
*ange4 ,he hop$ %e 0 n[ settl$ among "s 
old fri5ds ) :om %e might f9d           
consolation4 ,9 conclusion1 he          
wrote1--,my aunt notic$ our ha/y exit f 
! op]a-h\se t night1 :5 ,i 0 brute en\gh
 to ne>ly kill y4 ,i told h] t ,i lov$  
y4 ,%e n[ feels1 aft] a /ruggle1 t %e   
mu/ let me g4 ',old wom5 h no rights1'  
%e said to me ye/]day4 ,m>g>et1 may ,i  

come1 & nev] leave y aga98  ,my answ]   
may be guess$1 = "o day he arriv$4 ,x 0 
! dusk ( a *e]y w9t] day1 ! "t :5 home  
we>s s bright a look to ^? :o seek x4 ,x
 0 an h\r be=e d9n]1 & ,i 0 wait+ =     
,john to come 94 ,! amb] ev5+ sky gleam$
 be=e ! w9d[s1 & ! fire made a r$ core (
 light 9 ! room4 ,john's s&al-wood boxes
 gave out /range odors 9 ! heat1 & !    
patt]n ( ! ,p]sian rug 0 j visible4 ,a  
s]vant came to ! door ) a c>d4 ,i held x
 to ! grate1 & ! fire lit up 8 "n4  ,%[ 
him up-/airs1 ,i said4  ,i /ood 9 !     
doorway1 & he>d 8 /ep on e /air4 ,:5 he 
came1 ,i took him by ! h&1 & drew him   
into ! room4 ,he 0 spee*less4  ,oh1     
,r$mond1 ,i love y6 ,h[ long y 7 away6  
,he kneel$ by me1 & put my arms r\nd 8  
neck1 & we kiss$ ea* o!r ) ! fir/1 be/  
kiss ( passion4  ,john came 91 & ,i     
rea*$ out my h& to him & said1 ,?is is  
my husb&4  ,t's com=table1 he answ]$4   
,won't y /ay to d9n]8  ,oh1 yes1 repli$ 
,r$mond2 ?is is my hotel4  ,i see1 said 
,john4  ,b aft] d9n] !y _h a long talk  

toge!r4 ,john s5t me to my room1 & ,i 0 
glad to g4 ,i walk$ up & d[n1 cry+1 ,i  
mu/ say1 mo/ ( ! "t1 ask+ =giv5ess (    
myself = my faults1 & rememb]+ ,laura & 
,maurice1--& !n ?9k+ ,r$mond 0 m9e1 ) a 
contraction ( ! he>t :i* ?reat5$ to     
/ifle me4  ,john took u up to ,leonora's
 t ev5+2 he said he want$ to see if     
,puss w\ld be tantaliz$ ) ! sight ( su* 
a beautiful romantic c\ple j f fairy-l&1
 :o 7 n[ prep>$ to live 9 peace4  ,we 7 
m>ri$ ! next day 9 a *ur* 9 a by-/reet4 
,john 0 ! only witness1 & fl\ri%$ a l>ge
 silk h&k]*ief1 s t x _h ! effect ( a   
triumphal bann]4 ,r$mond put ! r+ on !  
wrong f+]1--a mi/ake :i* ! m9i/] k9dly  
rectifi$4 ,all ,i _h new = ! occasion 0 
a pair ( gloves4  ,"o morn+ aft] my     
m>riage1 :5 ,r$mond & ,john 7 smok+     
toge!r1 ,i 0 turn+ ov] "s boxes1 = ,i 0 
pack+ to g home on a visit to our "m4 ,i
 call$ ,r$mond to leave 8 pipe & come to
 me4  ,y h n se5 any ( my prop]ty4      
,look1 "h x is3--  ,"o bitt5 h&k]*ief4  
,a fan nev] us$4  ,a gold p5-hold]4  ,a 

draggl$ %awl4  ,m>g>et1 he said1 tak+ my
 *9 9 8 h& & br++ 8 eyes close to m9e1  
,i am wild ) happ9ess4  ,y\r pipe has   
gone out1 we he>d ,john say4         99 
99       99       99       99  ,,!      
,,playmate4     ,! p9es 7 d>k on ,ramo? 
hill1     ,_! song 0 s(t & l[2   ,!     
blossoms 9 ! sweet ,may w9d     ,7 fall+
 l ! sn[4    ,! blossoms drift$ at our  
feet1     ,! or*>d birds sang cle>2   ,!
 sweete/ & ! sadde/ day     ,x seem$ (  
all ! ye>4    ,=1 m to me ?an birds or  
fl[]s1     ,my playmate left h] home1   
,& took ) h] ! laugh+ spr+1     ,! music
 & ! bloom4    ,%e kiss$ ! lips ( ki? & 
k91     ,%e laid h] h& 9 m9e3   ,:at m  
c\ld ask ! ba%ful boy     ,:o f$ h]     
fa!r's k9e8    ,%e left u 9 ! bloom (   
,may3     ,! con/ant ye>s told o'er     
,_! seasons ) z sweet ,may morns4     ,b
 %e came back no m4    ,i walk1 )       
noiseless feet1 ! r\nd     ,( unev5tful 
ye>s2   ,/ill o'er & o'er ,i s[ ! spr+  
,& reap ! autumn e>s4    ,%e lives :]e  
all ! gold5 ye>     ,h] summ] roses bl[2

   ,! dusky *ildr5 ( ! sun     ,be=e h] 
come & g4    ,!re haply ) h] jewell$ h&s
     ,%e smoo?s h] silk5 g[n1--   ,no m 
! homespun lap :]e9     ,i %ook !       
walnuts d[n4    ,! wild grapes wait u by
 ! brook1     ,! br[n nuts on ! hill1   
,& /ill ! ,may-day fl[]s make sweet     
,! woods ( ,follymill4    ,! lilies     
blossom 9 ! pond1     ,! bird builds 9 !
 tree1   ,! d>k p9es s+ on ,ramo? hill  
,! sl[ song ( ! sea4    ,i wond] if %e  
?9ks ( !m1     ,& h[ ! old "t seems1--  
,if ev] ! p9es ( ,ramo? wood     ,are   
s\nd+ 9 h] dreams4    ,i see h] face1 ,i
 he> h] voice3     ,does %e rememb] m9e8
   ,& :at to h] is n[ ! boy     ,:o f$  
h] fa!r's k9e8    ,:at c>es %e t !      
orioles build     ,= o!r eyes ?an       
ours1--   ,t o!r h&s ) nuts are fill$1  
,& o!r laps ) fl[]s8    ,o playmate 9 ! 
gold5 "t6     ,our mossy seat is gre51  
,its fr++ violets blossom yet1     ,!   
old trees o'er x lean4    ,! w9ds s     
sweet ) bir* & f]n     ,a sweet] memory 
bl[2   ,& !re 9 spr+ ! ve]ies s+     ,! 

song ( long ago4    ,& /ill ! p9es (    
,ramo? wood     ,are moan+ l ! sea1--   
,! moan+ ( ! sea ( *ange     ,betwe5    
myself & !e6     ,,! ,,m>oons ,,(       
,,sur9am4   ,:5 t ecc5tric individual1  
,capta9 ,john ,gabriel ,/$man1 resign$ 8
 commission 9 ! ,engli% navy1 took ! oa?
 ( abjuration1 & 0 appo9t$ ensign 9 !   
,scots brigade employ$ = two c5turies by
 ,holl&1 he little knew t _! ,high      
,might9esses ! ,/ates ( ! ,unit$        
,prov9ces w\ld s5d him out1 )9 a ye>1 to
 ! =e/s ( ,guiana1 to subdue rebel      
negroes4 ,he nev] imag9$ t ! ye> #aggc  
w\ld behold him b5ea? ! ra9y season 9 a 
tropical c\ntry1 wad+ ?r\gh m>%es &     
spla%+ ?r\gh lakes1 explor+ ) 8 feet =  
subm]g$ pa?s1 comm&+ impracticable      
troops & comm&$ by an insuff]able       
colonel1 fe$+ on gree-gree worms & f$ ^u
 by mosquitoes1 h[l$ at by jagu>s1 hiss$
 at by s]p5ts1 & %ot at by ^? exce$+ly  
unatta9able g5tlem51 /ill long$ =1 nev] 
se51 ! ,m>oons ( ,sur9am4  ,yet1 z our  
"y ensign sail$ up ! ,sur9am riv]1 ! _w 

( tropic beauty came ^u him ) en*antm5t4
 ,d>k1 moi/ v]dure 0 close ar\nd him1   
rippl+ wat]s bel[2 ! tall trees ( !     
jungle & ! l[ mangroves b5ea? 7 all hung
 ) long v9es & lianas1 a maze ( cordage1
 l a fleet at an*or2 odd monkeys        
travell$ ceaselessly up & d[n ^! airy   
pa?s1 9 armies1 be>+ _! "y1 l knapsacks1
 on _! backs2 macaws & humm+-birds1 w+$ 
jewels1 flew f tree to tree4 ,z !y ne>$ 
,p>am>ibo1 ! riv] became a smoo? canal  
among luxuriant plantations1 ! air 0    
p]fum$ music1 r$ol5t ( orange-blossoms &
 e*o+ ) ! songs ( birds & ! sweet pla% (
 o>s2 gay b>ges came =? to meet !m2 :ile
 gr\ps ( nak$ boys & girls 7            
promiscu\sly play+ & fl\nc+1 l s _m     
tritons & m]maids1 9 ! wat]4 ,& :5 !    
troops disemb>k$1--five hundr$ f9e "y   
m51 ! olde/ n ?irty1 all array$ 9 new   
uni=ms & be>+ orange-fl[]s 9 _! caps1 a 
bridal wrea? = beautiful ,guiana1--x is 
no wond] t ! ,creole ladies 7 9 ec/asy1 
& ! boyi% recruits little =esaw ! day1  
:51 r$uc$ to a few doz5s1 b>efoot$ &    

ragg$ z filibu/]s1 _! la/ survivors w\ld
 gladly remb>k f a c\ntry beside :i* ev5
 ,holl& look$ dry & ev5 ,scotl&         
com=table4  ,= ov] all t e>?ly p>adise  
!re brood$ n alone its t]rible mal>ia1  
its days ( fev] & its nights ( deadly   
*ill1 b ! worse %ad[s ( oppression & (  
s91 :i* nei!r day nor night c\ld bani%4 
,! fir/ object :i* met ,/$man's eye1 z  
he /epp$ on %ore1 0 ! figure ( a "y girl
 /ripp$ to receive two hundr$ la%es1 &  
*a9$ to a hundr$-p\nd-weight4 ,& ! few  
fir/ days gave a glimpse into a /ate (  
society wor?y ( ?is exhibition1--m5 )\t 
m]cy1 wom5 )\t mode/y1 ! black man a    
slave to ! :ite man's passions1 & ! :ite
 man a slave to 8 own4 ,! pres5t ,we/   
,indian society 9 its wor/ =ms is       
probably a m]e dilution ( ! utt]        
pr(ligacy ( ^? days4 ,greek or ,roman   
decl9e produc$ no?+ m debilitat+ or     
de/ructive ?an ! ord9>y life ( a ,sur9am
 plant]1 & 8 "o virtue ( hospitality    
only l$ to m unbridl$ excesses &        
complet$ ! "w ( vice4 ,no wond] t ,/$man

 himself1 :o1 ) all 8 peculi>ities1 0   
ess5tially simple & manly1 soon became  
disgu/$1 & made ha/e to get into ! woods
 & cultivate ! society ( ! ,m>oons4  ,! 
rebels aga9/ :om ?is exp$ition 0 s5t 7 n
 ! orig9al ,m>oons ( ,sur9am1 b a lat]  
g5]ation4 ,! orig9als _h long s9ce      
e/abli%$ _! indep5d5ce1 & _! lead]s 7   
fl\ri%+ _! honor>y silv]-m\nt$ canes 9 !
 /reets ( ,p>am>ibo4 ,fugitive negroes  
_h begun to e/abli% !mselves 9 ! woods f
 ! "t :5 ! colony 0 f9ally c$$ by !     
,engli% to ! ,dut*1 9 #afgd4 ,! fir/ op5
 outbreak occurr$ 9 #agbf1 :5 !         
plantations on ! ,s]amica riv] revolt$2 
x 0 f\nd impossible to subdue !m1 & !   
gov]nm5t v imprud5tly resolv$ to make an
 example ( elev5 captives1 & ?us t]rify 
! re/ ( ! rebels4 ,!y 7 tortur$ to dea?1
 eight ( ! elev5 be+ wom52 ?is drove !  
o!rs to madness1 & plantation aft]      
plantation 0 visit$ ) fire & sword4     
,aft] a long conflict1 _! *ief1 ,adoe1 0
 induc$ to make a treaty1 9 #agdi4 ,!   
rebels promis$ to keep ! peace1 & 9 turn

 7 promis$ fre$om1 money1 tools1 clo!s1 
&1 f9ally1 arms & ammunition4  ,b no    
p]man5t peace 0 ev] made ^u a b>rel (   
gunp[d] z a basis1 & ( c\rse an         
explosion foll[$ ?is "o4 ,! coloni/s    
naturally evad$ ! la/ item ( ! b>ga91 & 
! rebels1 receiv+ ! gifts & rem>k+ !    
omission ( ! "p ( ,hamlet1 ask$         
contemptu\sly if ! ,europeans expect$   
negroes to subsi/ on combs &            
look+-glasses8 ,new ho/ilities at once  
began2 a new body ( slaves on ! ,ouca   
riv] revolt$2 ! colonial gov]nm5t 0     
*ang$ 9 consequ5ce1 & fre% troops %ipp$ 
f ,holl&2 & aft] f\r diff]5t embassies  
_h be5 s5t into ! woods1 ! rebels began 
to li/5 to reason4 ,! black g5]als1     
,capta9 ,araby & ,capta9 ,bo/on1 agre$  
^u a truce = a ye>1 dur+ :i* ! colonial 
gov]nm5t might decide = peace or w>1 !  
,m>oons decl>+ !mselves indiff]5t4      
,f9ally ! gov]nm5t *ose peace1 deliv]$  
ammunition1 & made a treaty1 9 #agfa2 ! 
:ite & black pl5ipot5ti>ies ex*ang$     
,engli% oa?s & !n negro oa?s1 ea* ta/+ a

 drop ( ! o!r's blood dur+ ! latt]      
c]emony1 amid a volley ( rem>kable      
incantations f ! black gadoman or prie/4
 ,aft] "s f9al skirmi%es1 9 :i* ! rebels
 almo/ always triumph$1 ! treaty 0 at   
l5g? accept$ by all ! v>i\s villages (  
,m>oons4 ,_h !y kn[n t at ?is v "t five 
?\s& slaves 9 ,b]bice 7 j ris+ aga9/ _! 
ma/]s & 7 look+ to !m = assi/ance1 !    
result might h be5 diff]5t2 b ?is fact  
_h n rea*$ !m1 nor _h ! rumors (        
insurrection 9 ,brazil1 among negro &   
,indian slaves4 ,!y cons5t$1 !re=e1 to !
 peace4 ,!y write f ,sur9am1 says !     
,annual ,regi/] = ,janu>y #bc1 #agfa1 t 
! ,dut* gov]nor1 f9d+ himself unable to 
subdue ! rebel negroes ( t c\ntry by    
=ce1 ha? wisely foll[$ ! example (      
,gov]nor ,trelawney at ,jamaica1 &      
conclud$ an amicable treaty ) !m2 9     
consequ5ce ( :i*1 all ! negroes ( !     
woods are ackn[l$g$ to be free1 & all t 
is pa/ is buri$ 9 oblivion4 ,s end$ a w>
 ( ?irty-six ye>s1 & 9 ,/$man's day !   
orig9al ?ree ?\s& ,ouca & ,s]amica      

,m>oons _h multipli$ 7almo/ incr$ibly7  
to fifte5 ?\s&4  ,b = ! slaves n %>+ 9  
?is revolt x 0 n s easy to bury ! :ole  
pa/ 9 oblivion4 ,! ,m>oons _h told "s v 
pla9 tru?s to ! :ite ambassadors1 & _h  
frankly advis$ !m1 if !y wi%$ = peace1  
to m5d _! own mann]s & treat _! slaves  
humanely4 ,b ! plant]s le>n$ no?+ by    
exp]i5ce1--& inde$1 ! t]rible n>rations 
( ,/$man 7 confirm$ by ^? ( ,alex&]1 s  
lately z #ahca4 ,( c\rse1 !re=e1 9 a    
colony compris+ eighty ?\s& blacks to   
f\r ?\s& :ites1 o!r revolts 7 /imulat$  
by ! success ( ?is "o4 ,!y rea*$ _!     
highe/ po9t 9 #aggb1 :5 an insurrection 
on ! ,cottica riv]1 l$ by a negro nam$  
,b>on1 almo/ gave ! f9i%+ bl[ to !      
colony2 ! only adequate protection be+  
f\nd 9 a body ( slaves lib]at$ expressly
 = t purpose1--a dang]\s & humiliat+    
prec$5t4 ,we h be5 oblig$ to set ?ree or
 f\r hundr$ ( our /\te/ negroes free to 
def5d u1 says an hone/ lett] f ,sur9am 9
 ! ,annual ,regi/] = ,septemb] #e1      
#aggb4 ,=tunately = ! safety ( !        

plant]s1 ,b>on presum$ too mu* ^u 8     
numb]s1 & injudici\sly built a camp too 
ne> ! sea-coa/1 9 a m>%y fa/ness1 f :i* 
he 0 f9ally eject$ by twelve hundr$     
,dut* troops1 ?\gh ! *ief "w 0 done1    
,/$man ?9ks1 by ! black rang]s or       
lib]at$ slaves4 ,*eck$ by ?is defeat1 he
 aga9 drew back into ! =e/s1 resum+ 8   
gu]rilla w>f>e aga9/ ! plantations4     
,no?+ c\ld dislodge him2 bloodh\nds 7   
propos$1 b ! moi/ure ( ! c\ntry made !m 
useless2 & ?us matt]s /ood :5 ,/$man    
came sail+1 amid orange-blossoms &      
music1 up ! w9d+ ,sur9am4  ,our "y (fic]
 w5t into ! woods 9 ! condition (       
,fal/aff1 he9\sly unprovid$4 ,com+ f !  
unb\nd$ luxury ( ! plantations1 he f\nd 
himself ent]+ ! mo/ horrid & imp5etrable
 =e/s1 :]e no k9d ( refre%m5t 0 to be   
_h1--he be+ provision$ only ) salt pork 
& peas4 ,aft] a wail ( sorr[ = ?is      
inhuman neglect1 he bur/s into a gu% (  
gratitude = ! private g5]osity :i*      
reliev$ 8 wants at ! la/ mom5t by !     
foll[+ li/ ( supplies3--#bd bottles be/ 

cl>et1 #ab ditto ,madeira1 #ab ditto    
port]1 #ab ditto cid]1 #ab ditto rum1 #b
 l>ge loaves :ite sug>1 #b gallons br&y1
 #f bottles muscadel1 #b gallons        
lemon-juice1 #b gallons gr\nd c(fee1 #b 
l>ge ,we/phalia hams1 #b salt$ bullocks'
 tongues1 #a bottle ,durham mu/>d1 #f   
doz5 sp]maceti c&les4 ,! hams & tongues 
seem1 inde$1 r a poor halfp5nywor? to   
?is intol]able deal ( sack2 b ?is       
in/ance ( ,sur9am privation 9 ^? days   
may op5 "s glimpse at ! colonial /&>ds (
 com=t4 ,f ?is specim51 moralizes our   
h]o1 ! read] w easily p]ceive1 t1 if "s 
( ! inhabitants ( ,sur9am %[ !mselves ! 
disgrace ( ! creation by _! cruelties & 
brutality1 o!rs1 by _! social feel+s1   
approve !mselves an ornam5t to ! human  
species4 ,) ?is in/ance ( virtue &      
g5]osity ,i !re=e conclude ?is *apt]4   
,b ! troops soon _h to und]go worse     
tr\bles ?an ^? ( ! commis>iat4 ,! ra9y  
season _h j set 94 ,z = ! negroes1 said 
,mr4 ,klynhaus1 ! la/ plant] ) :om !y   
p>t$1 y may dep5d on nev] see+ a s\l (  

!m1 unless !y attack y (f gu>d2 b !     
climate1 ! climate1 w murd] y all4 ,br++
 ) !m con/itutions already impair$ by ! 
fev]s & dissipation ( ,p>am>ibo1 ! poor 
boys began to p]i% long be=e !y began to
 fight4 ,wad+ 9 wat] all day1 hang+ _!  
hammocks ov] wat] at night1 x seem$ a   
moi/ exi/5ce1 ev5 comp>$ ) ! climate (  
,engl& & ! soil ( ,holl&4 ,x 0 ,inv5t a 
%ovel & be a magi/rate1 ev5 m ?an ,&rew 
,m>vell f\nd x 9 ! ,unit$ ,prov9ces4 ,9 
fact1 ,raynal evid5tly ?9ks t no?+ b    
,dut* exp]i5ce 9 hydraulics c\ld ev] h  
cultivat$ ,sur9am4  ,! two gun-boats :i*
 held "o division ( ! exp$ition 7 m]ely 
old sug>-b>ges1 ro($ ov] ) bo>ds1 &     
look+ l c(f9s4 ,!y 7 pleasantly nam$ !  
,*>on & ! ,c]b]us1 b ,/$man ?\ght t !   
,sudd5 ,dea? & ! ,wilful ,murd] w\ld h  
be5 titles m appropriate4 ,! *ief duty (
 ! troops consi/$ 9 ly+ at an*or at !   
int]sections ( wood$ /reams1 wait+ =    
rebels :o nev] came4 ,x 0 dismal "w1 & !
 raw recruits 7 full ( ! same imag9>y   
t]rors :i* h haunt$ o!r h]oes less      

sev]ely te/$3 ! monkeys nev] rattl$ !   
cocoa-nuts aga9/ ! trees1 b !y all he>d 
! axes ( ,m>oon wood-*opp]s2 & :5 a     
s5t9el decl>$1 "o night1 t he _h se5 a  
negro g d[n ! riv] 9 a canoe1 ) 8 pipe  
light$1 ! :ole =ce 0 call$ to           
arms--aga9/ a firefly4 ,9 fact1 ! insect
 race br\ght by f> ! mo/ sub/antial     
dang]s4 ,! rebels elud$ ! milit>y1 b !  
*igres1 locu/s1 scorpions1 & bu%-spid]s 
7 ev] ready to come half-way to meet !m2
 likewise s]p5ts & alligators pr(f]$ !m 
! fre$om ( ! =e/s & exhibit$ a          
hospitality almo/ excessive4 ,snakes    
tw5ty feet long hung _! s$uctive l5g? f 
! trees2 jagu>s volunte]$ _! society    
?r\gh almo/ imp5etrable m>%es2 vampire  
bats p]*$ by night ) lull+ ende>m5ts ^u 
_! toes4 ,:5 ,/$man describes himself z 
kill+ ?irty-eight mosquitoes at "o      
/roke1 we mu/ p]haps p>don some?+ to !  
_s ( m>tyrdom4 ,b :5 we add to ^! ! o!r 
woes ( 8 catalogue1--prickly-heat1      
r+-worm1 putrid-fev]1 ! gr[l+ ( ,colonel
 ,f\geaud1 dry1 s&y savannas1 un=dable  

m>%es1 burn+ hot days1 cold & damp      
nights1 heavy ra9s1 & %ort all[ance1--we
 c h>dly wond] t ?ree capta9s di$ 9 a   
mon?1 & t 9 two mon?s 8 deta*m5t (      
=ty-two 0 r$uc$ to a mis]able sev54     
,yet1 ?r\gh all ?is1 ,/$man himself kept
 8 heal?4 ,8 !ory ( ! matt] almo/       
recalls ! "t-honor$ prescription ( ,a   
light he>t & a ?9 pair ( bree*es1 = he  
attributes 8 good condition to 8 keep+  
up 8 spirits & kick+ (f 8 %oes4 ,daily  
ba?+ 9 ! riv] _h also some?+ to d )     
x1--&1 inde$1 hydropa?y 7?is may n be   
g5]ally kn[n7 0 fir/ le>n$ ( ! ,we/     
,india ,m>oons1 :o did _! pack+ 9 wet   
clay1--& x 0 c>ri$ by ,dr4 ,wright to   
,engl&4 ,b 8 extraord9>y p]sonal        
qualities mu/ h contribut$ mo/ to 8     
pres]vation4 ,nev] did a meagre1 />v$1  
black1 burnt1 & ragg$ tatt]demalion1 z  
he calls himself1 c>ry ab\t him su* a   
fund ( s5tim5t1 philosophy1 poetry1 &   
art4 ,he _h a great faculty = sket*+1 z 
! engrav+s 9 8 volumes1 ) all _! odd    
peculi>ities1 %[2 8 deepe/ woes he co9$ 

always into c\plets1 & =tifi$ himself   
aga9/ hopeless despair ) ,ovid &        
,val]ius ,flaccus1 ,pope's ,hom] &      
,?omson's ,seasons4 ,above all reign$ 8 
passion = natural hi/ory1 a ready balm =
 e ill4 ,"h he 0 nev] want+ to !        
occasion1 &1 to d ju/ice to ,dut*       
,guiana1 ! occasion nev] 0 want+ to him4
 ,7 8 m5 sick5+1 ! pecc>ies 7 always    
heal?y )\t1 & ! cockroa*es )9 ! camp2 j 
escap+ f a %e-jagu>1 he satisfies       
himself1 ere he flees1 t ! pr9t ( h]    
claws on ! s& is precisely ! size ( a   
pewt] d9n]-plate2 bitt5 by a scorpion1  
he makes sure ( 8 sci5tific description 
9 case he %\ld expire ( ! bite2 is !    
wat] undr9kable1 !re is at lea/ "s      
rational int]e/ 9 ! numb] ( legs        
possess$ by ! c5tip$es :i* preoccupy x4 
,?is is ! highe/ triumph ( man ov] 8    
accid5ts1 :5 he ?us turns 8 pa9s to     
ga9s1 & becomes an entomologi/ 9 !      
tropics4  ,mean:ile ! rebels kept _! own
 c\rse 9 ! =e/s1 & occasionally desc5d$ 
^u plantations beside ! v riv] on ^:    

upp] wat]s ! useless troops 7 sick5+ &  
dy+4 ,/$man himself made sev]al         
campaigns1 ) long int]vals ( illness1   
be=e he came any ne>] to ! enemy ?an to 
burn a des]t$ village or de/roy a       
rice-field4 ,sometimes !y left ! ,*>on &
 ! ,c]b]us moor$ by grape-v9es to !     
p9e-trees1 & made exp$itions into !     
woods s+le file4 ,our ensign1 true to   
himself1 gives ! m9ute/ s*$ule ( ! ord] 
( m>*1 & ! odde/ little diagram (       
manik9s ) cock$ hats1 & black] manik9s  
be>+ burd5s4 ,fir/1 negroes ) bill-hooks
 to cle> ! way2 !n ! van-gu>d2 !n ! ma9 
body1 int]sp]s$ ) negroes be>+ boxes (  
ball-c>tridges2 !n ! re>-gu>d1 ) _m m   
negroes1 be>+ camp-equipage1 provisions1
 & new rum1 surnam$ kill-devil1 &       
appropriately foll[$ by a sort (        
palanqu9 = ! disabl$4 ,?us array$1 !y   
m>*$ valor\sly =? into ! woods1 to "s   
giv5 po9t2 !n !y turn$1 m>*$ back to !  
boats1 !n r[$ back to camp1 &           
/raightaway w5t into ! hospital4        
,imm$iately ^u ?is1 ! coa/ be+ cle>4    

,b>on & 8 rebels m>*$ out aga9 & proce$$
 to bus9ess4  ,9 ! c\rse ( ye>s1 ^!     
,m>oons _h acquir$ _! own peculi>       
tactics4 ,!y built /ockad$ =tresses on  
m>%y isl&s1 accessible by =ds :i* !y    
alone c\ld trav]se4 ,^! !y def5d$ fur!r 
by %>p wood5 p9s1 or cr[s'-feet1        
conceal$ b5ea? ! surface ( ! miry       
gr\nd1--&1 latt]ly1 by ! m sub/antial   
protection ( cannon1 :i* !y dragg$ into 
! woods1 & le>n$ to use4 ,_! bu%-fight+ 
0 unique4 ,hav+ always m m5 ?an weapons1
 !y arrang$ _! w>riors 9 ?rees1--"o to  
use ! musket1 ano!r to take 8 place1 if 
w\nd$ or sla91 & a ?ird to drag away !  
body4 ,!y _h ,indian /eal?9ess &        
swiftness1 ) m ?an ,indian discipl9e2   
dis*>g$ _! fire ) "s approa* to         
regul>ity1 9 ?ree successive l9es1 !    
signals be+ giv5 by ! capta9's horn4 ,!y
 7 full ( +5uity3 m>k$ _! movem5ts = ea*
 o!r by scatt]$ leaves & blaz$ trees2   
ran zigzag1 to dodge bullets2 gave wood5
 guns to _! un>m$ m51 to fright5 !      
plantation negroes on _! gu]rilla       

exp$itions2 & borr[$ ! r$ caps ( ! black
 rang]s :om !y slew1 to bewild] ! aim ( 
! o!rs4 ,"o ( !m1 f9d+ himself close to 
! muzzle ( a rang]'s gun1 ?rew up 8 h&  
ha/ily4 ,:at6 he exclaim$1 w y fire on  
"o ( y\r own p>ty8 ,god =bid6 cri$ !    
rang]1 dropp+ 8 piece1 & 0 in/antly %ot 
?r\gh ! body by ! ,m>oon1 :o ! next     
in/ant _h disappe>$ 9 ! woods4  ,^!     
rebels 7 no sa9ts3 _! wor%ip 0          
obi-wor%ip2 ! wom5 _h n f> outgr[n !    
plantation /&>d ( *a/ity1 & ! m5 drank  
kill-devil l _! bett]s4 ,/$man 0 /ruck )
 ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! mean+ ( ! ^w good 9
 rebelli\s circles & 9 reputable4 ,x    
mu/1 h[ev]1 be obs]v$ t :at we          
,europeans call a good "* 0 by !        
,africans look$ ^u z dete/able1         
especially by ^? born 9 ! woods1 ^: only
 crime consi/$ 9 av5g+ ! wrongs done to 
_! =efa!rs4 ,b if m>tial virtues be     
virtues1 su* 7 !irs4 ,n a rebel ev]     
turn$ traitor or in=m]1 ev] fl9*$ 9     
battle or "u torture1 ev] violat$ a     
treaty or ev5 a private promise4 ,b x 0 

_! p[] ( endurance :i* 0 especially     
a/\nd+2 ,/$man is nev] we>y ( pay+      
tribute to ?is1 or ( illu/rat+ x 9      
sick5+ detail2 inde$1 ! records ( ! _w  
%[ no?+ to surpass x2 ! lift$ axe1 !    
agoniz+ :eel prov$ p[]less to subdue x2 
) e limb lopp$1 e bone brok51 ! victims 
yet defi$ _! torm5tors1 laugh$1 sang1 & 
di$ triumphant4  ,( c\rse1 !y repaid ^! 
atrocities 9 k9d4 ,if !y _h n1 x w\ld h 
demon/rat$ ! absurd p>adox1 t slav]y    
educates high] virtues ?an fre$om4 ,x   
bewild]s all ! relations ( human        
responsibility1 if we expect !          
insurrection>y slave to commit no       
outrages2 if slav]y h n deprav$ him1 x  
has done him little h>m4 ,if x be !     
normal t5d5cy ( bondage to produce sa9ts
 l ,uncle ,tom1 let u all (f] ourselves 
at auction imm$iately4 ,x is ,cassy &   
,dr$ :o are ! normal prote/ ( human     
nature aga9/ sy/ems :i* degrade x4      
,accord+ly1 ^! poor1 ignorant ,m>oons1  
:o _h se5 _! bro!rs & si/]s flogg$1     
burn$1 mutilat$1 hang$ on iron hooks1   

brok5 on ! :eel1 & _h be5 all ! :ile    
solemnly assur$ t ?is 0 pat]nal         
gov]nm5t1 c\ld only repay ! pat]nalism 9
 ! same fa%ion1 :5 !y _h ! p[]4 ,/$man  
saw a negro *a9$ to a r$-hot            
di/ill]y-furnace2 he saw disob$i5t      
slaves1 9 repeat$ in/ances1 puni%$ by ! 
amputation ( a leg1 & s5t to boat-s]vice
 = ! re/ ( _! lives2 & ( c\rse ! rebels 
borr[$ ^! sugge/ions4 ,!y c\ld be> to   
wat* _! captives expire "u ! la%1 = !y  
_h previ\sly wat*$ _! p>5ts4 ,if !      
gov]nm5t rang]s receiv$ tw5ty-five      
flor9s = e rebel "r-h& :i* !y br\ght 91 
( c\rse !y risk$ _! own "r-h&s 9 !      
pursuit4 ,! diff]5ce 01 t ! "o brutality
 0 t ( a mighty /ate1 & ! o!r 0 only !  
retaliation ( ! victims4 ,& aft] all1   
,/$man nev] v5tures to ass]t t !        
imitation equall$ ! orig9al1 or t !     
,m>oons _h inflict$ ne>ly s mu* z !y _h 
suff]$4  ,! lead]s ( ! rebels1          
especially1 7 m5 :o _h ea* 8 own /ory ( 
wrongs to tell4 ,b>on1 ! mo/ =midable1  
_h be5 ! slave ( a ,sw$i% g5tleman1 :o  

_h taught him to read & write1 tak5 him 
to ,europe1 promis$ to manumit him on 8 
return1--& !n1 break+ 8 ^w1 sold him to 
a ,jew4 ,b>on refus$ to "w = 8 new ma/]1
 0 publicly flogg$ "u ! gall[s1 fl$ to !
 woods next day1 & became ! t]ror ( !   
colony4 ,joli ,coeur1 8 fir/ capta91 0  
av5g+ ! cruel wrongs ( 8 "m4 ,bonny1    
ano!r lead]1 0 born 9 ! woods1 8 "m hav+
 tak5 refuge !re j previ\sly1 to escape 
f 8 fa!r1 :o 0 also 8 ma/]4 ,cojo1      
ano!r1 _h def5d$ 8 ma/] aga9/ !         
insurg5ts until he 0 oblig$ by ill usage
 to take refuge among !m2 & he /ill bore
 ^u 8 wri/1 :5 ,/$man saw him1 a silv]  
b&1 ) ! inscription1-- ,true to !       
,europeans4 ,9 deal+ ) wrongs l ^!1 ,mr4
 ,c>lyle w\ld h f\nd ! despis$ negroes q
 z ready z himself to take !            
total-ab/95ce pl$ge aga9/ rose-wat]4  ,9
 8 fir/ two mon?s' campaign1 ,/$man nev]
 saw ! trace ( a ,m>oon2 9 ! second1 he 
once came ^u _! trail2 9 ! ?ird1 "o     
captive 0 br\ght 91 two surr5d]$        
!mselves volunt>ily1 & a l>ge p>ty 0    

f\nd to h cross$ a riv] )9 a mile ( !   
camp1 f]ry+ !mselves on palm-trunks1    
accord+ to _! fa%ion4 ,deep swamps &    
scor*+ s&s1--toil+ ?r\gh bri]s all day1 
& sleep+ at night 9 hammocks susp5d$ ov]
 /agnant wat]1 ) weapons support$ on    
/icks cross$ b5ea?1--all ?is 0 endur$ = 
two ye>s & a half1 be=e ,/$man p]sonally
 came 9 sight ( ! enemy4  ,on ,augu/    
#bj?1 #agge1 ! troops f\nd !mselves at  
la/ 9 ! mid/ ( ! rebel settlem5ts4 ,^!  
villages & =ts bore a v>iety (          
expressive names1 su* z ,hide me1 ,o ?\ 
surr\nd+ v]dure1 ,i %all be tak51 ,!    
woods lam5t = me1 ,di/urb me1 if y d>e1 
,take a ta/+1 if y l x1 ,come1 try me1  
if y be m51 ,god kn[s me & none else1 ,i
 %all m\ld] be=e ,i %all be tak54 ,"s 7 
only plantation-gr\nds ) a few huts1 & 7
 easily laid wa/e2 b all 7 protect$ m or
 less by _! m]e situations4 ,quagmires  
surr\nd$ !m1 cov]$ by a ?9 cru/ (       
v]dure1 sometimes brok5 ?r\gh by "o     
man's weight1 :5 ! victim sank          
hopelessly into ! black & bottomless    

dep?s bel[4 ,9 o!r directions !re 0 a   
solid bottom1 b inconv5i5tly cov]$ by   
?ree or f\r feet ( wat]1 ?r\gh :i* !    
troops wad$ brea/-deep1 hold+ _! muskets
 high 9 ! air1 unable to reload !m :5   
once dis*>g$1 & liable to be pick$ (f by
 rebel sc\ts1 :o +5i\sly po/$ !mselves 9
 ! tops ( palm-trees4  ,?r\gh ?is       
delectable region ,colonel ,f\geaud & 8 
foll[]s sl[ly advanc$1 draw+ ne> ! fatal
 %ore :]e ,capta9 ,meyl&'s deta*m5t _h j
 be5 defeat$1 & :]e _! mangl$ rema9s    
/ill pollut$ ! bea*4 ,pass+ ?is po9t (  
dang] )\t attack1 !y sudd5ly met a small
 p>ty ( rebels1 ea* be>+ on 8 back a    
beautifully-wov5 hamp] ( sn[-:ite rice3 
^! loads !y ?rew d[n1 & disappe>$4 ,next
 appe>$ an arm$ body f ! same direction1
 :o fir$ ^u !m once & swiftly retreat$2 
& 9 a few mom5ts ! soldi]s came ^u a    
l>ge field ( /&+ rice1 beyond :i* lay1 l
 an amphi!atre1 ! rebel village4 ,b     
betwe5 ! village & ! field _h be5 pil$  
successive def5ces ( logs & bran*es1    
beh9d :i* simple r$\bts ! ,m>oons lay   

conceal$4 ,a fight ensu$1 la/+ =ty      
m9utes1 dur+ :i* ne>ly e soldi] & rang] 
0 w\nd$1 b1 to _! great amazem5t1 n "o 0
 kill$4 ,?is 0 an enigma to !m until    
aft] ! skirmi%1 :5 ! surgeon f\nd t mo/ 
( !m _h be5 /ruck1 n by bullets1 b by   
v>i\s sub/itutes1 su* z pebbles1        
coat-buttons1 & bits ( silv] co91 :i* _h
 p5etrat$ only sk9-deep4 ,we also obs]v$
 t sev]al ( ! poor rebel negroes1 :o _h 
be5 %ot1 _h only ! %>ds ( ,spa-wat]     
cans1 in/ead ( fl9ts1 :i* c\ld seldom d 
execution2 & x 0 c]ta9ly ow+ to ^!      
circum/ances t we came (f s well4  ,!   
rebels at l5g? retreat$1 fir/ sett+ fire
 to _! village2 a hundr$ or m lightly   
built h\ses1 "s ( !m two /ories high1 7 
soon 9 flames2 & z ?is conflagration    
occupi$ ! only neck ( l& betwe5 two     
impassable morasses1 ! troops 7 unable  
to foll[1 & ! ,m>oons _h left no?+ b    
rice-fields to be pillag$4 ,t night !   
milit>y =ce 0 encamp$ 9 ! woods2 _!     
ammunition 0 almo/ gone2 s !y 7 ord]$ to
 lie flat on ! gr\nd1 ev5 9 case (      

attack2 !y c\ld n s mu* z build a fire4 
,be=e midnight an attack 0 made on !m1  
p>tly ) bullets & p>tly ) words2 !      
,m>oons 7 all ar\nd !m 9 ! =e/1 b _!    
object 0 a puzzle3 !y sp5t mo/ ( ! night
 9 b&y+ complim5ts ) ! black rang]s1 :om
 !y alt]nately d5\nc$1 ridicul$1 &      
*all5g$ to s+le combat4 ,at la/ ,f\geaud
 & ,/$man jo9$ 9 ! conv]sation1 &       
endeavor$ to make ?is midnight volley ( 
talk ! occasion = a treaty4 ,?is 0      
receiv$ ) inext+ui%able laught]1 :i*    
e*o$ ?r\gh ! woods l a conc]t (         
scree*-owls1 end+ 9 a *>iv>i ( horns &  
halloo+4 ,! ,colonel1 p]si/+1 (f]$ !m   
life1 lib]ty1 victuals1 dr9k1 & all !y  
want$2 9 return1 !y ridicul$ him        
unm]cifully3 he 0 a half-/>v$ ,fr5*man1 
:o _h run away f 8 own c\ntry1 & w\ld   
soon run away f !irs2 !y pr(\ndly piti$ 
him & 8 soldi]s2 !y w\ld scorn to sp5d  
p[d] on su* sc>ecr[s2 !y w\ld r fe$ &   
clo! !m1 z be+ poor :ite slaves1 hir$ to
 be %ot at & />v$ = f\r-p5ce a day4 ,b z
 = ! plant]s1 ov]se]s1 & rang]s1 !y %\ld

 die1 e "o ( !m1 & ,bonny %\ld be       
gov]nor ( ! colony4 ,aft] ?is1 !y t9kl$ 
_! bill-hooks1 fir$ a volley1 & gave    
?ree *e]s2 :i* be+ answ]$ by ! rang]s1 !
 clamor end$1 & ! rebels disp]s$ ) !    
ris+ sun4  ,v aimless nons5se x c]ta9ly 
appe>$4 ,b ! next day put a new aspect  
on x2 = x 0 f\nd1 t1 "u cov] ( all ?is  
noise1 ! ,m>oons _h be5 busily occupi$  
all night1 m51 wom51 & *ildr51 9 prep>+ 
& fill+ great hamp]s ( ! f9e/ rice1     
yams1 & cassava1 f ! adjac5t            
provision-gr\nds1 to be us$ = subsi/5ce 
dur+ _! escape1 leav+ only *aff & refuse
 = ! hungry soldi]s4 ,?is 0 c]ta9ly su* 
a ma/]ly trait ( g5]al%ip 9 a savage p1 
:om we affect$ to despise1 z w\ld h done
 honor to any ,european comm&]4  ,f ?is 
"t ! ,m>oons fulfill$ _! ?reats4 ,%oot+ 
d[n )\t m]cy e black rang] :o came )9 _!
 rea*1--"o ( ^! rang]s be+1 9 ,/$man's  
e/imate1 wor? six :ite soldi]s1--!y left
 ,colonel ,f\geaud & 8 regul>s to die ( 
/>vation & fatigue4 ,! enrag$ ,colonel1 
f9d+ himself ?us foil$ by a nak$ negro1 

swore he w\ld pursue ,bonny to ! _w's   
end4 ,b he nev] got any ne>] ?an to     
,bonny's kit*5-g>d5s4 ,he put ! troops  
on half-all[ance1 s5t back = provisions 
& ammunition1--& )9 t5 days *ang$ 8 m9d1
 & retreat$ to ! settlem5ts 9 despair4  
,soon aft]1 ?is v body ( rebels1 "u     
,bonny's lead]%ip1 plund]$ two          
plantations 9 ! vic9ity1 & ne>ly captur$
 a p[d]-magaz9e1 :i* 01 h[ev]1          
successfully def5d$ by "s arm$ slaves4  
,= a ye> long] ^! exp$itions cont9u$4 ,!
 troops nev] ga9$ a victory1 & !y lo/   
tw5ty m5 = e rebel kill$2 b !y gradually
 *eck$ ! plund] ( plantations1 de/roy$  
villages & plant+-gr\nds1 & drove !     
rebels1 = ! "t at lea/1 into ! deep]    
recesses ( ! woods or into ! adjac5t    
prov9ce ( ,cay5ne4 ,!y _h ! slight      
satisfaction ( burn+ ,bonny's own h\se1 
a two-/ory wood5 hut1 built 9 ! fa%ion (
 our fronti] gu>d-h\ses4 ,!y (t5 took   
s+le prison]s1--"s *ild1 born & br$ 9 ! 
woods1 & fright5$ equally by ! fir/     
sight ( a :ite man & ( a c[1--or "s     

w>rior1 :o1 on be+ ?reat5$ ) torture1   
/ret*$ =? bo? h&s 9 disda91 & said1 )   
,indian eloqu5ce1--,^! h&s h made tig]s 
tremble4 ,z = ,/$man1 he /ill w5t       
b>e-foot$1 /ill qu>rell$ ) 8 colonel1   
/ill sket*$ ! sc5]y & describ$ !        
reptiles1 /ill re>$ gree-gree worms = 8 
private kit*51 /ill quot$ good poetry & 
wrote execrable1 /ill piti$ all !       
suff]]s ar\nd him1 black1 :ite1 & r$1   
until f9ally he & 8 comrades 7 ord]$    
back to ,holl& 9 #aggf4  ,among all t   
wa/$ regim5t ( we>y & brok5-d[n m51 !re 
0 probably no "o b ,/$man :o look$      
backw>d ) long+ z !y sail$ d[n ! lovely 
,sur9am4 ,true1 he bore all 8 preci\s   
collections ) him1--p>rots & butt]flies1
 draw+s on ! backs ( old lett]s1 &      
j\rnals kept on bones & c>tridges4 ,b he
 _h left beh9d him a de>] treasure2 =   
!re runs ?r\gh all 8 ecc5tric n>rative a
 s+le ?read ( pure romance1 9 8 love = 8
 beautiful quadroon wife & 8 only son4  
,)9 a mon? aft] 8 arrival 9 ! colony1   
our susceptible ensign fir/ saw ,joanna1

 a slave-girl ( fifte51 at ! h\se ( an  
intimate fri5d4 ,h] extreme beauty &    
mode/y fir/ fasc9at$ him1 & !n h] pite\s
 n>rative1--= %e 0 ! daught] ( a plant]1
 :o _h j gone mad & di$ 9 despair f !   
discov]y t he c\ld n legally emancipate 
8 own *ildr5 f slav]y4 ,soon aft]1      
,/$man 0 dang]\sly ill1 0 neglect$ &    
alone2 fruits & cordials 7 anonym\sly   
s5t to him1 :i* prov$ at la/ to h come f
 ,joanna1 & %e came h]self1 ere long1 & 
nurs$ him1 grateful = ! visible sympa?y 
he _h %[n to h]4 ,?is complet$ !        
conque/2 ! passionate "y ,engli%man1    
once recov]$1 load$ h] ) pres5ts1 :i* %e
 refus$1--talk$ ( pur*as+ h] & educat+  
h] 9 ,europe1 :i* %e also decl9$1 z     
burd5+ him too greatly1--& f9ally1 amid 
! ridicule ( all good society 9         
,p>am>ibo1 surm\nt$ all legal ob/acles &
 0 unit$ to ! beautiful girl 9 honorable
 m>riage4 ,he provid$ a cottage = h]1   
:]e he sp5t 8 furl\ghs1 9 p]fect        
happ9ess1 = f\r ye>s4  ,! simple idyl ( 
_! loves 0 unbrok5 by any /a9 or        

disappo9tm5t1 & yet always %ad[$ ) !    
deepe/ anxiety = ! future4 ,?\gh treat$ 
) ! utmo/ indulg5ce1 %e 0 legally a     
slave1 & s 0 ! boy ( :om %e became ! "m4
 ,cojo1 h] uncle1 0 a capta9 among !    
rebels aga9/ :om h] husb& f\ght4 ,& up  
to ! "t :5 ,/$man 0 ord]$ back to       
,holl&1 he 0 unable to pur*ase h]       
fre$om1 nor c\ld he1 until ! v la/      
mom5t1 procure ! emancipation ( 8 boy4  
,8 p]fect delight at ?is la/ triumph1 :5
 obta9$1 elicit$ "s satire f 8 :ite     
fri5ds4 ,:ile ! well-?9k+ few highly    
applaud$ my s5sibility1 _m n only blam$1
 b publicly d]id$ me = my pat]nal       
affection1 :i* 0 call$ a weakness1 a    
:im4 ,ne>ly =ty beautiful boys & girls 7
 left to p]petual slav]y by _! p>5ts (  
my acqua9tance1 & _m ( !m )\t be+ s mu* 
z once inquir$ aft] at all4  ,b ,/$man 0
 a true-he>t$ fell[1 if 8 s5tim5t did   
sometimes run to rodomontade2 he left 8 
,joanna only 9 ! hope t a ye> or two 9  
,europe w\ld repair 8 ru9$ =tunes1 & he 
c\ld return to treat himself to !       

pur*ase ( 8 own w$d$ wife4 ,he          
describes1 ) unaffect$ pa?os1 _! p>t+   
sc5e1--?\gh1 inde$1 !re 7 sev]al        
successive p>t+s1--& closes !           
description 9 a mann] wor?y ( t         
rem>kable comb9ation ( en?usiasms :i*   
*>act]iz$ him4 ,my melan*oly hav+       
surpass$ all description1 ,i at la/     
det]m9$ to wea!r "o or two pa9ful ye>s 9
 h] abs5ce2 & 9 ! aft]noon w5t to       
dissipate my m9d at a ,mr4 ,r\x' cab9et 
( ,indian curiosities2 :]e z my eye     
*anc$ to fall on a rattlesnake1 ,i w1   
be=e ,i leave ! colony1 describe ?is    
dang]\s reptile4  ,x 0 impossible to    
write ! hi/ory ( ! ,m>oons ( ,sur9am    
except ?r\gh ! biography ( our ,ensign1 
7at la/ promot$ ,capta917 because ne>ly 
all we "k ( !m is ?r\gh 8 qua9t &       
picturesque n>rative1 ) its pr(use      
illu/rations by 8 own h&4 ,x is n fair1 
!re=e1 to end )\t *ronicl+ 8 safe       
arrival 9 ,holl&1 on ,june #c;d1 #aggg4 
,x is a rem>kable fact1 t1 aft] 8 life 9
 ! woods1 ev5 ! ,dut* look$ slov5ly to 8

 eyes4 ,! inhabitants1 :o cr[d$ ab\t u1 
appe>$ b a disgu/+ assemblage ( ill-=m$ 
& ill-dress$ rabble1--s mu* _h my       
prejudices be5 *ang$ by liv+ among      
,indians & blacks3 _! eyes seem$ to     
resemble ^? ( a pig2 _! complexions 7 l 
! color ( f\l l952 !y seem$ to h no     
tee?1 & to be cov]$ ov] ) rags & dirt4  
,?is prejudice1 h[ev]1 0 n aga9/ ^! p   
only1 b aga9/ all ,europeans 9 g5]al1 :5
 comp>$ to ! sp>kl+ eyes1 ivory tee?1   
%9+ sk91 & rem>kable cleanl9ess ( ^? ,i 
_h left beh9d me4 ,yet1 9 spite ( ^!    
sup]ior attractions1 he nev] recross$ ! 
,atlantic2 = 8 ,joanna di$ soon aft]1 & 
8 promis+ son1 be+ s5t to ! fa!r1 0     
educat$ 9 ,engl&1 became a mid%ipman 9 !
 navy1 & 0 lo/ at sea4 ,) 8 elegy1 9 :i*
 ! la/ dep?s ( ba?os are sadly s\nd$ by 
a m\rn+ p>5t1--:o is induc$ to pr9t !m  
only by ! effect !y _h on ! sympa!tic & 
+5i\s ,mrs4 ,c[ley1--! ,n>rative ( a    
,five ,ye>s' ,exp$ition closes4  ,! w>1 
:i* _h co/ ! gov]nm5t =ty ?\s& p\nds a  
ye>1 0 end$1 & left bo? p>ties          

ess5tially z :5 x began4 ,! ,m>oons     
gradually return$ to _! old abodes1 &1  
be+ unmole/$ !mselves1 left o!rs        
unmole/$ !nce=w>d4 ,orig9ally ?ree      
?\s&1--9 ,/$man's "t1 fifte5 ?\s&1--!y 7
 e/imat$ at sev5ty ?\s& by ,capta9      
,alex&]1 :o saw ,guiana 9 #ahca1--;& a  
rec5t ,am]ican sci5tific exp$ition1 hav+
 visit$ !m 9 _! homes1 report$ !m z /ill
 enjoy+ _! wild fre$om1 & multiply+1    
:ile ! ,indians on ! same soil decay4 ,!
 beautiful =e/s ( ,sur9am /ill make !   
morn+ gorge\s ) _! beauty1 & ! night    
deadly ) _! *ill2 ! /ately palm /ill    
re>s1 a hundr$ feet 9 air1 its /raight  
gray %aft & its head ( v]dure2 ! mora   
builds its solid1 buttress$ trunk1 a    
p$e/al = ! eagle2 ! p9e ( ! tropics     
holds out its myriad h&s ) wat]-cups = !
 ra9 & dews1 :]e all ! birds & ! monkeys
 may dr9k _! fill2 ! trees are g>l&$ )  
epiphytes & convolvuli1 & an*or$ to !   
e>? by a ?\s& v9es4 ,high among _!      
bran*es1 ! r$ & yell[ mock+birds /ill   
build _! hang+ ne/s1 unc\? /orks &      

tree-porcup9es cl+ above1 & ! spott$ de]
 & ! tapir dr9k f ! sluggi% /ream bel[4 
,! night is /ill made noisy ) a ?\s&    
cries ( bird & bea/2 & ! /illness ( !   
sultry noon is brok5 by ! sl[ toll+ ( ! 
campaero1 or bell-bird1 f> 9 ! deep1 d>k
 woods1 l ! *ime ( "s lo/ conv5t4 ,& z  
,nature is un*ang$ !re1 s app>5tly is   
man2 ! ,m>oons /ill reta9 _! savage     
fre$om1 /ill %oot _! wild game & trap _!
 fi%1 /ill raise _! rice & cassava1 yams
 & planta9s1--/ill make cups f !        
g\rd-tree & hammocks f ! silk-grass     
plant1 w9e f ! palm-tree's sap1 brooms f
 its leaves1 fi%+-l9es f its fibres1 &  
salt f its a%es4 ,_! life does n yield1 
inde$1 ! v highe/ results ( spiritual   
culture2 its m5tal & moral results may n
 come up to ! level ( civilization1 b !y
 rise f> above ! level ( slav]y4 ,9 !   
*anges ( "t1 ! ,m>oons may yet elevate  
!mselves into ! "o1 b !y w nev] relapse 
into ! o!r4     ,,circum/ance4   ,%e _h 
rema9$1 dur+ all t day1 ) a sick        
neighbor1--^? ea/]n wilds ( ,ma9e 9 t   

epo* frequ5tly mak+ neighbors & miles   
synonym\s1--& s busy _h %e be5 ) c>e &  
sympa?y t %e did n at fir/ obs]ve !     
approa*+ night4 ,b f9ally ! level rays1 
r$d5+ ! sn[1 ?rew _! gleam ^u ! wall1 &1
 ha/ily donn+ cloak & hood1 %e bade h]  
fri5ds f>ewell & salli$ =? on h] return4
 ,home lay "s ?ree miles di/ant1 across 
a copse1 a mead[1 & a piece ( woods1--! 
woods be+ a fr+e on ! skirts ( ! great  
=e/s t /ret* f> away into ! ,nor?4 ,t   
home 0 "o ( a doz5 log-h\ses ly+ a few  
furlongs ap>t f ea* o!r1 ) _! half-cle>$
 demesnes sep>at+ !m at ! re> f a       
wild]ness untrodd5 save by /eal?y native
 or deadly pan!r tribes4  ,%e 0 9 a     
n[ise exalt$ frame ( _s1--on ! contr>y1 
r depress$ by ! pa9 %e _h witness$ & !  
fatigue %e _h endur$2 b 9 c]ta9         
temp]am5ts su* a condition ?r[s op5 !   
m5tal pores1 s to speak1 & r5d]s "o     
receptive ( e influ5ce4 ,?r\gh ! little 
copse %e walk$ sl[ly1 ) h] cloak fold$  
ab\t h]1 l+]+ to imbibe ! s5se ( %elt]1 
! sunset filt]$ 9 purple ?r\gh ! mi/ (  

wov5 spray & twig1 ! companion%ip ( gr[?
 n suffici5tly d5se to b& aga9/ h] !    
sweet home-feel+ ( a "y & t5d] w9try    
wood4 ,x 0 !re=e j on ! edge ( ! ev5+ t 
%e em]g$ f ! place & began to cross !   
mead[-l&4 ,at "o h& lay ! =e/ to :i* h] 
pa? w\nd2 at ! o!r ! ev5+ /> hung ov] a 
tide ( fail+ orange t sl[ly slipp$ d[n !
 e>?'s broad side to sadd5 o!r          
hemisph]es ) sweet regret4 ,walk+       
rapidly n[1 & ) h] eyes wide-op51 %e    
di/9ctly saw 9 ! air be=e h] :at 0 n !re
 a mom5t ago1 a w9d+-%eet1--cold1 :ite1 
& gha/ly1 wav$ by ! lik5ess ( f\r wan   
h&s1--t rose ) a long inflation & fell 9
 rigid folds1 :ile a voice1 %ap+ itself 
f ! holl[ness above1 spectral &         
melan*oly1 sigh$1--,! ,"l h m]cy on ! p6
 ,! ,"l h m]cy on ! p6 ,?ree times !    
%eet ) its corpse-cov]+ outl9e wav$     
b5ea? ! pale h&s1 & ! voice1 awful 9 its
 solemn & my/]i\s dep?1 sigh$1 ,! ,"l h 
m]cy on ! p6 ,!n all 0 gone1 ! place 0  
cle> aga91 ! gray sky 0 ob/ruct$ by no  
dea?ly blot2 %e look$ ab\t h]1 %ook h]  

%\ld]s decid$ly1 &1 pull+ on h] hood1   
w5t =w>d once m4  ,%e might h be5 a     
little fright5$ by su* an app>ition1 if 
%e _h l$ a life ( less reality ?an      
fronti] settl]s are apt to lead2 b deal+
 ) h>d fact does n eng5d] a flimsy habit
 ( m9d1 & ?is woman 0 too s9c]e & e>ne/ 
9 h] "*1 & too happy 9 h] situation1 to 
be ?r[n by antagonism m]ely ^u          
sup]/iti\s fancies & *im]as ( !         
second-sight4 ,%e did n ev5 believe     
h]self subject to an halluc9ation1 b    
smil$ simply1 a little vex$ t h] ?\ght  
c\ld h fram$ su* a glam\r f ! day's     
occurr5ces1 & n sorry to lift ! b\gh ( !
 w>d] ( ! woods & ent] & disappe> 9 _!  
sombre pa?4 ,if %e _h be5 imag9ative1 %e
 w\ld h hesitat$ at h] fir/ /ep into a  
region ^: dang]s 7 n vision>y2 b ,i     
suppose t ! ?\ght ( a little *ild at    
home w\ld conqu] t prop5sity 9 ! mo/    
habituat$4 ,s1 bit+ a bit ( spicy bir*1 
%e w5t along4 ,n[ & !n %e came to a gap 
:]e ! trees _h be5 p>tially fell$1 & "h 
%e f\nd t ! l+]+ twilight 0 expla9$ by t

 peculi> & p]haps electric film :i*     
sometimes %ea!s ! sky 9 diffus$ light = 
v _m h\rs be=e a brilliant aurora4      
,sudd5ly1 a swift %ad[1 l ! fabul\s     
fly+-dragon1 wri!d ?r\gh ! air be=e h]1 
& %e felt h]self in/antly seiz$ & borne 
al(t4 ,x 0 t wild bea/--! mo/ savage &  
s]p5t9e & subtle & fe>less ( our        
latitudes--kn[n by hunt]s z ! ,indian   
,devil1 & he held h] 9 8 clut*es on !   
broad floor ( a sw++ fir-b\gh4 ,8 long  
%>p claws 7 caught 9 h] clo?+1 he worri$
 !m sagaci\sly a little1 !n1 f9d+ t     
ineffectual to free !m1 he comm5c$ lick+
 h] b>e :ite arm ) 8 rasp+ tongue & p\r+
 ov] h] ! wide /reams ( 8 hot1 fetid    
brea?4 ,s quick _h ?is fla%+ action be5 
t ! woman _h _h no "t = al>m2 moreov]1  
%e 0 n ( ! scream+ k9d2 b n[1 z %e felt 
him endeavor+ to dis5tangle 8 claws1 & !
 horrid s5se ( h] fate smote h]1 & %e   
saw in/9ctively ! fi]ce plunge ( ^?     
weapons1 ! long /rips ( liv+ fle% torn f
 h] bones1 ! agony1 ! quiv]+ disgu/1    
itself a worse agony1--:ile by h] side1 

& hold+ h] 9 8 great li! embrace1 !     
mon/] cr\*$1 8 :ite tusks :ett+ & gna%+1
 8 eyes gl>+ ?r\gh all ! d>kness l balls
 ( r$ fire1--a %riek1 t rang 9 e =e/    
holl[1 t />tl$ e w9t]-h\s$ ?+1 t /irr$ &
 woke ! lea/ ne$le ( ! tassell$ p9es1   
tore ?r\gh h] lips4 ,a mom5t aft]w>d1 ! 
bea/ left ! arm1 once :ite1 n[ crimson1 
& look$ up al]tly4  ,%e did n ?9k at ?is
 in/ant to call ^u ,god4 ,%e call$ ^u h]
 husb&4 ,x seem$ to h] t %e _h b "o     
fri5d 9 ! _w2 t 0 he2 & aga9 ! cry1 l\d1
 cle>1 prolong$1 e*o$ ?r\gh ! woods4 ,x 
0 n ! %riek t di/urb$ ! creature at 8   
reli%2 he 0 n born 9 ! woods to be sc>$ 
( an owl1 y "k2 :at !n8 ,x ma/ h be5 !  
e*o1 mo/ musical1 mo/ resonant1 repeat$ 
& yet repeat$1 dy+ ) long sighs ( sweet 
s\nd1 vibrat$ f rock to riv] & back aga9
 f dep? to dep? ( cave & cliff4 ,h]     
?\ght flew aft] x2 %e knew1 t1 ev5 if h]
 husb& he>d x1 he yet c\ld n rea* h] 9  
"t2 %e saw t :ile ! bea/ li/5$ he w\ld n
 gnaw1--& ?is %e felt directly1 :5 !    
r\gh1 %>p1 & multipli$ /+s ( 8 tongue   

ret\*$ h] arm4 ,aga9 h] lips op5$ by    
in/9ct1 b ! s\nd t issu$ !nce came by   
reason4 ,%e _h he>d t music *>m$ wild   
bea/s1--j ?is po9t betwe5 life & dea?   
int5sifi$ e faculty1--& :5 %e op5$ h]   
lips ! ?ird "t1 x 0 n = %riek+1 b = s++4
  ,a little ?read ( melody /ole out1 a  
rill ( tremul\s motion2 x 0 !           
cradle-song ) :i* %e rock$ h] baby2--h[ 
c\ld %e s+ t8 ,& !n %e rememb]$ ! baby  
sleep+ rosily on ! long settee be=e !   
fire1--! fa!r clean+ 8 gun1 ) "o foot on
 ! gre5 wood5 rundle1--! m]ry light f ! 
*imney danc+ out & ?r\gh ! room1 on !   
raft]s ( ! ceil+ ) _! tassels ( onions &
 h]bs1 on ! log walls pa9t$ ) li*5s &   
fe/oon$ ) apples1 on ! k+'s-arm slung   
across ! %elf ) ! old pirate's-cutlass1 
on ! sn[-pile ( ! b$1 & on ! great brass
 clock1--danc+1 too1 & l+]+ on ! baby1 )
 8 fr+$ g5tian eyes1 8 *ubby fi/s cl5*$ 
on ! pill[1 & 8 f9e breezy hair fann+ ) 
! motion ( 8 fa!r's foot4 ,all ?is /ruck
 h] 9 "o1 & made a sob ( h] brea?1 & %e 
ceas$4  ,imm$iately ! long r$ tongue 0  

?ru/ =? aga94 ,be=e x t\*$1 a song      
sprang to h] lips1 a wild sea-song1 su* 
z "s sailor might be s++ f> out on      
trackless blue wat] t night1 ! %r\ds    
:i/l+ ) fro/ & ! %eets glu$ 9 ice1--a   
song ) ! w9d 9 its burd5 & ! spray 9 its
 *orus4 ,! mon/] rais$ 8 head & fl>$ !  
fi]y eyeballs ^u h]1 !n frett$ !        
imprison$ claws a mom5t & 0 quiet2 only 
! brea? l ! vapor f "s hell-pit /ill    
swa!d h]4 ,h] voice1 at fir/ fa9t &     
fe>ful1 gradually lo/ its quav]1 grew "u
 h] control & subject to h] modulation2 
x rose on long swells1 x fell 9 subtile 
cad5ces1 n[ & !n its tones peal$ out l  
bells f di/ant belfries on fre% sonor\s 
morn+s4 ,%e sung ! song ?r\gh1 &1 wond]+
 le/ 8 "n ( ,indian ,devil 7 n 8 true   
"n1 & if he w\ld n detect h]1 %e repeat$
 x4 ,once or twice n[1 inde$1 ! bea/    
/irr$ uneasily1 turn$1 & made ! b\gh    
sway at 8 movem5t4 ,z %e end$1 he snapp$
 8 jaws toge!r1 & tore away ! fett]$    
memb]1 curl+ x "u him ) a sn>l1--:5 %e  
bur/ into ! gaye/ reel t ev] answ]$ a   

fiddle-b[4 ,h[ _m a "t %e _h he>d h]    
husb& play x on ! homely fiddle made by 
himself f bir* & *]ry-wood6 h[ _m a "t  
%e _h se5 x danc$ on ! floor ( _! "o    
room1 to ! patt] ( wood5 clogs & ! ru/le
 ( homespun petticoat6 h[ _m a "t %e _h 
danc$ x h]self6--& did %e n rememb]     
once1 z !y jo9$ clasps = "r-h&s-r\nd1 h[
 x _h l5t its gay1 bright measure to h] 
life8 ,& "h %e 0 s++ x alone1 9 ! =e/1  
at midnight1 to a wild bea/6 ,z %e s5t  
h] voice trill+ up & d[n its quick      
oscillations betwe5 joy & pa91 !        
creature :o grasp$ h] uncurl$ 8 paw &   
scrat*$ ! b>k f ! b\gh2 %e mu/ v>y !    
spell2 & h] voice spun leap+ along !    
project+ po9ts ( tune ( a hornpipe4     
,/ill s++1 %e felt h]self twi/$ ab\t ) a
 l[ gr[l & a lift+ ( ! r$ lip f !       
glitt]+ tee?2 %e broke ! hornpipe's     
?read1 & comm5c$ unravell+ a light]1    
liveli] ?+1 an ,iri% jig4 ,up & d[n &   
r\nd ab\t h] voice flew1 ! bea/ ?rew    
back 8 head s t ! diabolical face front$
 h]s1 & ! torr5t ( 8 brea? prep>$ h] = 8

 fea/ z ! anaconda slimes 8 prey4       
,franticly %e d>t$ f tune to tune2 8    
re/less movem5ts foll[$ h]4 ,%e tir$    
h]self ) danc+ & vivid national airs1   
gr[+ fev]i% & s++ spasmodically z %e    
felt h] horrid tomb yawn+ wid]4 ,t\*+ 9 
?is mann] all ! slogan & ke5 clan cries1
 ! bea/ mov$ aga91 b only to lay !      
dis5gag$ paw across h] ) heavy          
satisfaction4 ,%e did n d>e to pause2   
?r\gh ! cle> cold air1 ! fro/y />light1 
%e sang4 ,if !re 7 yet any tremor 9 !   
tone1 x 0 n fe>1--%e _h le>n$ ! secret (
 s\nd at la/2 nor c\ld x be *ill1--f>   
too high a f]vor ?robb$ h] pulses2 x 0  
no?+ b ! ?\ght ( ! log-h\se & ( :at     
might be pass+ )9 x4 ,%e fanci$ ! baby  
/irr+ 9 8 sleep & mov+ 8 pretty         
lips1--h] husb& ris+ & op5+ ! door1     
look+ out aft] h]1 & wond]+ at h]       
abs5ce4 ,%e fanci$ ! light p\r+ ?r\gh ! 
*9k & !n %ut 9 aga9 ) all ! safety &    
com=t & joy1 h] husb& tak+ d[n ! fiddle 
& play+ lightly ) 8 head incl9$1 play+  
:ile %e sang1 :ile %e sang = h] life to 

an ,indian ,devil4 ,!n %e knew he 0     
fumbl+ = & f9d+ "s %9+ fragm5t & scor+ x
 d[n ! yell[+ hair1 & unconsci\sly h]   
voice =sook ! wild w>-tunes & drift$    
into ! half-gay1 half-melan*oly ,ros9 ! 
,b[4  ,sudd5ly %e woke pi]c$ ) a pang1 &
 ! dagg]$ too? p5etrat+ h] fle%2--dream+
 ( safety1 %e _h ceas$ s++ & lo/ x4 ,!  
bea/ _h rega9$ ! use ( all 8 limbs1 &   
n[1 /&+ & rais+ 8 back1 bri/l+ & foam+1 
) s\nds t w\ld h be5 l hisses b = _!    
deep & fe>ful sonority1 he )drew /ep by 
/ep t[>d ! trunk ( ! tree1 /ill ) 8     
flam+ balls ^u h]4 ,%e 0 all at once    
free1 on "o end ( ! b\gh1 tw5ty feet f !
 gr\nd4 ,%e did n measure ! di/ance1 b  
rose to drop h]self d[n1 c>eless ( any  
dea?1 s t x 7 n ?is4 ,in/antly1 z if he 
scann$ h] ?\ghts1 ! creature b\nd$ =w>d 
) a yell & caught h] aga9 9 8 dreadful  
hold4 ,x might be t he 0 n greatly      
fami%$2 =1 z %e sudd5ly flung up h]     
voice aga91 he settl$ himself compos$ly 
on ! b\gh1 /ill clasp+ h] ) inv9cible   
pressure to 8 r\gh1 rav5\s brea/1 &     

li/5+ 9 a fasc9ation to ! sad1 /range   
,u-la-lu t n[ moan$ =? 9 l\d1 holl[     
tones above him4 ,he half clos$ 8 eyes1 
& sleepily reop5$ & %ut !m aga94  ,:at  
r5d+ pa9s 7 close at h&6 ,dea?6 & :at a 
dea?6 worse ?an any o!r t is to be nam$6
 ,wat]1 be x cold or w>m1 t :i* buoys up
 blue ice-fields1 or :i* ba!s tropical  
coa/s ) curr5ts ( balmy bliss1 is yet a 
g5tle conqu]or1 kisses z x kills1 &     
draws y d[n g5tly ?r\gh d>k5+ fa?oms to 
its he>t4 ,dea? at ! sword is ! fe/ival 
( trumpet & bugle & bann]1 ) glory r++  
out ar\nd y & di/ant he>ts ?rill+ ?r\gh 
y\rs4 ,no gnaw+ disease c br+ su* hide\s
 end z ?is2 = t is a fi5d br$ ( y\r own 
fle%1 & ?is--is x a fi5d1 ?is liv+ lump 
( appetites8 ,:at dread comes ) ! ?\ght 
( p]i%+ 9 flames6 b fire1 let x leap &  
hiss nev] s hotly1 is some?+ too remote1
 too ali51 to inspire u ) su* loa?ly    
horror z a wild bea/2 if x h a life1 t  
life is too utt]ly beyond our           
compreh5sion4 ,fire is n half ourselves2
 z x dev\rs1 ar\ses nei!r hatr$ nor     

disgu/2 is n to be kn[n by ! /r5g? ( our
 l[] natures let loose2 does n drip our 
blood into our faces f foam+ *aps1 nor  
m\? nor sn>l above u ) vitality4 ,let u 
be end$ by fire1 & we are a%es1 = ! w9ds
 to be>1 ! leaves to cov]2 let u be end$
 by wild bea/s1 & ! base1 curs$ ?+ h[ls 
) u =ev] ?r\gh ! =e/4 ,all ?is %e felt z
 %e *>m$ him1 & :at =ce x l5t to h] song
 ,god kn[s4 ,if h] voice %\ld fail6 ,if 
! damp & cold %\ld give h] any fatal    
ho>s5ess6 ,if all ! sil5t p[]s ( ! =e/  
did n conspire to help h]6 ,! d>k1 holl[
 night rose indiff]5tly ov] h]2 ! wide1 
cold air brea!d rudely pa/ h]1 lift$ h] 
wet hair & blew x d[n aga92 ! great     
b\ghs swung ) a pond]\s /r5g?1 n[ & !n  
cla%$ _! iron l5g?s toge!r & %ook (f a  
sp>kle ( icy spe>s or "s long-la9 weight
 ( sn[ f _! heavy %ad[s4 ,! gre5 dep?s 7
 utt]ly cold & sil5t & /]n4 ,^!         
beautiful haunts t all ! summ] 7 h]s &  
rejoic$ to %>e ) h] _! b\nty1 ^! heav5s 
t _h yield$ _! l>gess1 ^! /ems t _h ?ru/
 _! blossoms into h] h&s1 all ^! fri5ds 

( ?ree moons ago =got h] n[ & knew h] no
 long]4  ,feel+ h] desolation1 wild1    
melan*oly1 =sak5 songs rose !reon f t   
frightful a]ie1--weep+1 wail+ tunes1 t  
sob among ! p f age to age1 & ov]fl[ )  
o!rwise unexpress$ sadness1--all rude1  
m\rnful ballads1--old te>ful /ra9s1 t   
,%akspe>e he>d ! vagrants s+1 & t rise &
 fall l ! w9d & tide1--sailor-songs1 to 
be he>d only 9 lone mid-wat*es b5ea? !  
moon & />s1--gha/ly rhym+ romances1 su* 
z t fam\s "o ( ! ,lady ,m>g>et1 :5  ,%e 
slipp$ on h] g[n ( gre5    ,a piece bel[
 ! knee1-- ,& 'twas all a long1 cold    
w9t]'s night    ,a dead corse foll[$ %e4
  ,/ill ! bea/ lay ) clos$ eyes1 yet    
nev] relax+ 8 grasp4 ,once a half-:9e ( 
enjoym5t escap$ him1--he fawn$ 8 fe>ful 
head ^u h]2 once he scor$ h] *eek ) 8   
tongue3 savage c>esses t hurt l w\nds4  
,h[ we>y %e 06 & yet h[ t]ribly awake6  
,h[ full] & full] ( dismay grew ! k t %e
 0 only prolong+ h] angui% & play+ )    
dea?6 ,h[ appall+ ! ?\ght t ) h] voice  
ceas$ h] exi/5ce6 ,yet %e c\ld n s+     

=ev]2 h] ?roat 0 dry & h>d2 h] v brea? 0
 a pa92 h] m\? 0 hott] ?an any          
des]t-worn pilgrim's2--if %e c\ld b drop
 ^u h] burn+ tongue "o atom ( ! ice t   
glitt]$ ab\t h]6--b bo? ( h] arms 7     
p9ion$ 9 ! giant's vice4 ,%e rememb]$ ! 
w9d+-%eet1 & = ! fir/ "t 9 h] life %iv]$
 ) spiritual fe>4 ,0 x h]s8 ,%e ask$    
h]self1 z %e sang1 :at s9s %e _h        
committ$1 :at life %e _h l$1 to f9d h]  
puni%m5t s soon & 9 ^! pangs1--& !n %e  
s\ght eag]ly = "s reason :y h] husb& 0 n
 up & abroad to f9d h]4 ,he fail$       
h]1--h] "o sole hope 9 life2 & )\t be+  
aw>e ( x1 h] voice =sook ! songs (      
suff]+ & sorr[ = old ,cov5ant+          
hymns1--hymns ) :i* h] "m _h lull$ h]1  
:i* ! class-lead] pit*$ 9 !             
*imney-corn]s1--gr& & sweet ,me?odi/    
hymns1 brimm+ ) melody & ) all fanta/ic 
involutions ( tune to suit t ec/atic    
wor%ip1--hymns full ( ! beauty (        
hol9ess1 /eadfa/1 rely+1 sanctifi$ by ! 
salvation !y _h l5t to ^? 9 worse       
extremity ?an h]s1--= !y _h f\nd        

!mselves 9 ! grasp ( hell1 :ile %e 0 b 9
 ! jaws ( dea?4 ,out ( ?is /range music1
 peculi> to "o "* ( fai?1 & ?an :i* !re 
is none m beautiful 9 its degree nor    
own+ a m pot5t sway ( s\nd1 h] voice    
so>$ into ! glorifi$ *ants ( *ur*es4    
,:at to h] 0 dea? by cold or fam9e or   
wild bea/s8 ,?\gh ,he slay me1 yet w ,i 
tru/ 9 ,him1 %e sang4 ,high & cle> ?r\gh
 ! frore fair night1 ! level moonbeams  
spl9t]+ 9 ! wood1 ! sc>ce gl9ts ( />s 9 
! %ad[y ro( ( bran*es1 ^! sacr$ an!ms   
rose1--rose z a hope f despair1 z "s    
sn[y spray ( fl[]-bells f blacke/ m\ld4 
,0 %e n 9 ,god's h&s8 ,did n ! _w sw+ at
 ,8 w8 ,if ?is 7 9 ,8 great plan (      
provid5ce1 0 x n be/1 & %\ld %e n accept
 x8  ,he is ! ,"l our ,god2 ,8 judgm5ts 
are 9 all ! e>?4  ,oh1 sublime fai? (   
our fa!rs1 :]e utt] self-sacrifice alone
 0 true love1 ! fragrance ( ^: unrequir$
 subjection 0 pleasant z t ( gold5 c5s]s
 swung 9 purple-vapor$ *ancels6  ,nev]  
ceas+ 9 ! rhy?m ( h] ?\ghts1 articulat$ 
9 music z !y ?rong$1 ! memory ( h] fir/ 

communion fla%$ ov] h]4 ,aga9 %e 0 9 t  
di/ant place on t sweet spr+ morn+4     
,aga9 ! congregation ru/l$ out1 & ! few 
rema9$1 & %e trembl$ to f9d h]self among
 !m4  ,h[ well %e rememb]$ ! dev\t1     
quiet faces2 too accu/om$ to ! sacr$    
fea/ to gl[ ) _! inn] joy6 h[ well !    
sn[y l95 at ! alt>1 ! silv] vessels     
sl[ly & sil5tly %ift+6 & z ! cup        
approa*$ & pass$1 h[ ! s5se ( delici\s  
p]fume /ole 9 & height5$ ! transport (  
h] pray]1 & %e _h seem$1 look+ up ?r\gh 
! w9d[s :]e ! sky so>$ blue 9 con/ant   
fre%ness1 to feel all heav5's balms     
dripp+ f ! portals1 & to sc5t ! lilies (
 et]nal peace6 ,p]haps ano!r w\ld n h   
felt s mu* ec/asy z satisfaction on t   
occasion2 b x is a true1 if a lat]      
disciple1 :o has said1 ,! ,"l be/[e? 8  
bless+s !re1 :]e he f9de? ! vessels     
empty4--,& does x ne$ ! walls ( a *ur*  
to r5ew my communion8 %e ask$4 ,does n e
 mom5t /& a temple f\r-squ>e to ,god8 ,&
 9 t morn+1 ) its buoyant sunlight1 0 ,i
 any de>] to ! ,he>t ( ! ,_w ?an n[8 ,my

 belov$ is m9e1 & ,i am 81 %e sang ov] &
 ov] aga91 ) all v>i$ inflection &      
pr(use tune4 ,h[ g5tly all ! w9t]-wrapt 
?+s b5t t[>d h] !n6 into :at relation ) 
h] _h !y gr[n6 h[ ?is common dep5d5ce 0 
! spell ( _! intimacy6 h[ at "o )       
,nature _h %e become6 h[ all ! night & !
 sil5ce & ! =e/ seem$ to hold its brea?1
 & to s5d its s\l up to ,god 9 h] s++6  
,x 0 no long] despond5cy1 t s++4 ,x 0   
nei!r pray] nor petition4 ,%e _h left   
implor+1 ,h[ long wilt ?\ =get me1 ,o   
,"l8 ,light5 m9e eyes1 le/ ,i sleep !   
sleep ( dea?6 ,= 9 dea? !re is no       
remembrance ( !e2--) c\ntless o!r su*   
fragm5ts ( supplication4 ,%e cri$ r1    
,yea1 ?\gh ,i walk ?r\gh ! valley ( !   
%ad[ ( dea?1 ,i w fe> no evil3 = ?\ art 
) me2 ?y rod & ?y /aff1 !y com=t me2--& 
l+]$1 & repeat$1 & sang aga91 ,i %all be
 satisfi$1 :5 ,i awake1 ) ?y lik5ess4   
,!n %e ?\ght ( ! ,great ,deliv]ance1 :5 
he drew h] up out ( _m wat]s1 & ! fla%+ 
old psalm peal$ =? triumphantly3--  ,!  
,"l desc5d$ f above1   & b['d ! heav5s  

hie2 ,& und]nea? 8 feet he ca/   !      
d>knesse ( ! skie4 ,on *]ubs & on *]ub9s
   full royally he road3 ,& on ! w+s (  
all ! w9ds   came fly+ all abroad4  ,%e 
=got h[ rec5tly1 & ) :at a /range pity =
 h] own %apeless =m t 0 to be1 %e _h    
qua9tly sung1--  ,oh1 lovely appe>ance (
 dea?6   ,:at sight ^u e>? is s fair8 ,n
 all ! gay pageants t brea!   ,c ) a    
dead body comp>e6  ,%e rememb]$         
in/ead1--,9 ?y pres5ce is fulness ( joy2
 at ?y "r h& !re are pleasures =ev]more2
 &1 ,god w r$eem my s\l f ! p[] ( !     
grave3 = he %all receive me2 ,he w      
swall[ up dea? 9 victory4 ,n once n[ did
 %e say1 ,"l1 h[ long wilt ?\ look on8  
rescue my s\l f _! de/ructions1 my d>l+ 
f ! lions--= %e knew t ! "y lions ro>   
aft] _! prey & seek _! meat f ,god4 ,o  
,"l1 ?\ pres]ve/ man & bea/6 %e said4   
,%e _h no com=t or consolation 9 ?is    
season1 su* z su/a9$ ! ,*ri/ian m>tyrs 9
 ! amphi!atre4 ,%e 0 n dy+ = h] fai?2   
!re 7 no palms 9 heav5 = h] to wave2 b  
h[ _m a "t _h %e decl>$1--,i _h r be a  

doorkeep] 9 ! h\se ( my ,god1 ?an to    
dwell 9 ! t5ts ( wick$ness6 ,& z ! broad
 rays "h & !re broke ?r\gh ! d5se cov]t 
( %ade & lay 9 riv]s ( lu/re on cry/al  
%ea?+ & froz5 frett+ ( trunk & limb & on
 ! great spaces ( refraction1 !y build$ 
up visibly t h\se1 ! %9+ city on ! hill1
 & s++1 ,beautiful = situation1 ! joy ( 
! :ole e>?1 is ,m\nt ,zion1 on ! sides (
 ! ,nor?1 ! city ( ! ,great ,k+1 h]     
vision climb$ to t high] picture :]e !  
angel %[s ! dazzl+ ?+1 ! holy ,j]usalem 
desc5d+ out ( heav5 f ,god1 ) its       
spl5did battlem5ts & gates ( pe>ls1 &   
its f\ndations1 ! elev5? a jac9?1 !     
twelf? an ame?y/1--) its great :ite     
?rone1 & ! ra9b[ r\nd ab\t x1 9 sight l 
unto an em]ald3--,& !re %all be no night
 !re1--= ! ,"l ,god give? !m light1 %e  
sang4  ,:at :isp] ( dawn n[ ru/l$ ?r\gh 
! wild]ness8 ,h[ ! night 0 pass+6 ,&    
/ill ! bea/ cr\*$ ^u ! b\gh1 *ang+ only 
! po/ure ( 8 head1 t aga9 he might comm&
 h] ) ^? *>m$ eyes2--half _! fire 0     
gone2 %e c\ld almo/ h releas$ h]self f 8

 cu/ody2 yet1 _h %e /irr$1 no "o kn[s   
:at malevol5t in/9ct might h dom9at$    
anew4 ,b ( t %e did n dream2 long ago   
/ripp$ ( any expectation1 %e 0 exp]i5c+ 
9 h] div9e rapture h[ my/ically true x  
is t he t dwelle? 9 ! secret place ( !  
,mo/ ,high %all abide "u ! %ad[ ( !     
,almighty4  ,sl[ cl>ion cries n[ w\nd f 
! di/ance z ! cocks caught ! intellig5ce
 ( day & ree*o$ x fa9tly f f>m to       
f>m1--sleepy s5t9els ( night1 s\nd+ !   
foe's invasion1 & translat+ t dim       
intuition to r++ notes ( w>n+4 ,/ill %e 
*ant$ on4 ,a remote cra% ( bru%wood told
 ( "s o!r bea/ on 8 depr$ations1 or "s  
night-belat$ travell] grop+ 8 way ?r\gh 
! n>r[ pa?4 ,/ill %e *ant$ on4 ,! f>1   
fa9t e*oes ( ! *anticle]s di$ into      
di/ance1--! cra%+ ( ! bran*es grew ne>]4
 ,no wild bea/ t1 b a man's /ep1--a     
man's =m 9 ! moonlight1 /alw>t &        
/rong1--on "o arm slept a little *ild1 9
 ! o!r h& he held 8 gun4 ,/ill %e *ant$ 
on4  ,p]haps1 :5 h] husb& la/ look$ =?1 
he 0 half a%am$ to f9d :at a fe> he felt

 = h]4 ,he knew %e w\ld nev] leave !    
*ild s long b = "s dire/ ne$1--& yet he 
may h laugh$ at himself1 z he lift$ &   
wrapp$ x ) awkw>d c>e1 &1 load+ 8 gun & 
/rapp+ on 8 horn1 op5$ ! door aga9 &    
clos$ x beh9d him1 go+ out & plung+ into
 ! d>kness & dang]s ( ! =e/4 ,he 0 m    
s+ul>ly al>m$ ?an he w\ld h be5 will+ to
 ackn[l$ge2 z he _h sat ) 8 b[ hov]+ ov]
 ! /r+s1 he _h half believ$ to he> h]   
voice m+l+ gayly ) ! in/rum5t1 till he  
paus$ & li/5$ if %e 7 n ab\t to lift !  
lat* & ent]4 ,z he drew ne>] ! he>t ( ! 
=e/1 t intimation ( melody seem$ to gr[ 
m actual1 to take body & brea?1 to come 
& g on long swells & ebbs ( !           
night-breeze1 to increase ) tune &      
words1 till a /range1 %rill s++ grew ev]
 cle>]1 &1 z he /epp$ into an op5 space 
( moonbeams1 f> up 9 ! bran*es1 rock$ by
 ! w9d1 & s++1 ,h[ beautiful ^u !       
m\nta9s are ! feet ( him t br+e? good   
tid+s1 t publi%e? peace1 he saw 8       
wife1--8 wife1--b1 great ,god 9 heav56  
h[8 ,"s mad exclamation escap$ him1 b   

)\t div]t+ h]4 ,! *ild knew ! s++ voice1
 ?\gh nev] he>d be=e 9 t une>?ly key1 & 
turn$ t[>d x ?r\gh ! veil+ dreams4 ,) a 
cel]ity almo/ in/antane\s1 x lay1 9 !   
tw9kl+ ( an eye1 on ! gr\nd at ! fa!r's 
feet1 :ile 8 gun 0 rais$ to 8 %\ld] &   
levell$ at ! mon/] cov]+ 8 wife ) %aggy 
=m & flam+ gaze1--8 wife s gha/ly :ite1 
s rigid1 s /a9$ ) blood1 h] eyes s      
fix$ly b5t above1 & h] lips1 t _h       
indurat$ into ! *isell$ pallor ( m>ble1 
p>t$ only ) t flood ( solemn song4  ,i d
 n "k if x 7 ! "m-in/9ct t = a mom5t    
l[]$ h] eyes1--^? eyes1 s lately rivet$ 
on heav51 n[ sudd5ly see+ all life-long 
bliss possible4 ,a ?rill ( joy pi]c$ &  
%iv]$ ?r\gh h] l a weapon1 h] voice     
trembl$ 9 its c\rse1 h] glance lo/ its  
/eady /r5g?1 fev]-flu%es *as$ ea* o!r   
ov] h] face1 yet %e nev] once ceas$     
*ant+4 ,%e 0 q aw>e1 t1 if h] husb& %ot 
n[1 ! ball mu/ pi]ce h] body be=e rea*+ 
any vital "p ( ! bea/1--& yet bett] t   
dea?1 by 8 h&1 ?an ! o!r4 ,b ?is h]     
husb& also knew1 & he rema9$ motionless1

 j cov]+ ! creature ) ! sight4 ,he d>$ n
 fire1 le/ "s w\nd n mortal %\ld break !
 spell ex]cis$ by h] voice1 & ! bea/1   
enrag$ ) pa91 %\ld r5d h] 9 atoms2      
moreov]1 ! light 0 too unc]ta9 = 8 aim4 
,s he wait$4 ,n[ & !n he exam9$ 8 gun to
 see if ! damp 7 injur+ its *>ge1 n[ &  
!n he wip$ ! great drops f 8 =ehead4    
,aga9 ! cocks cr[$ ) ! pass+ h\r1--! la/
 "t !y 7 he>d on t night4 ,*e]ful home  
s\nd !n1 h[ full ( safety & all com=t & 
re/ x seem$6 :at sweet morn+ incid5ts ( 
sp>kl+ fire & sun%9e1 ( gay h\sehold    
bu/le1 %9+ dress]1 & coo+ baby1 ( /eam+ 
cattle 9 ! y>d1 & brimm+ milk-pails at !
 door6 :at pleasant voices6 :at laught]6
 :at security6 & "h----  ,n[1 z %e sang 
on 9 ! sl[1 endless1 inf9ite mom5ts1 !  
f]v5t vision ( ,god's peace 0 gone4 ,j z
 ! grave _h lo/ its /+1 %e 0 snat*$ back
 aga9 into ! arms ( e>?ly hope4 ,9 va9  
%e tri$ to s+1 ,!re rema9e? a re/ = ! p 
( ,god1--h] eyes trembl$ on h] husb&'s1 
& %e c\ld ?9k only ( him1 & ( ! *ild1 & 
( happ9ess t yet might be1 b ) :at a    

dreadful gulf ( d\bt betwe56 ,%e %udd]$ 
n[ 9 ! susp5se2 all calm =sook h]2 %e 0 
tortur$ ) dissolv+ heats or froz5 ) icy 
bla/s2 h] face contract$1 gr[+ small &  
p9*$2 h] voice 0 ho>se & %>p1--e tone   
cut l a knife1--! notes became heavy to 
lift1--)held by "s ho/ile               
pressure1--impossible4 ,"o gasp1 a      
convulsive ef=t1 & !re 0 sil5ce1--%e _h 
lo/ h] voice4  ,! bea/ made a sluggi%   
movem5t1--/ret*$ & fawn$ l "o           
awak+1--!n1 z if he w\ld h yet m ( !    
en*antm5t1 /irr$ h] slightly ) 8 muzzle4
 ,z he did s1 a sidelong h9t ( ! man /&+
 bel[ ) ! rais$ gun smote him2 he sprung
 r\nd furi\sly1 &1 seiz+ 8 prey1 0 ab\t 
to leap into "s unkn[n airy d5 ( !      
topmo/ bran*es n[ wav+ to ! sl[ dawn4 ,!
 late moon _h r\nd$ ?r\gh ! sky s t h]  
gleam at la/ fell full ^u ! b\gh ) fairy
 fro/+2 ! w9try morn+ light did n yet   
p5etrate ! gloom4 ,! woman1 susp5d$ 9   
mid-air an in/ant1 ca/ only "o agoniz$  
glance b5ea?1--b across & ?r\gh x1 ere !
 lids c\ld fall1 %ot a )]+ %eet (       

flame1--a rifle-crack1 half he>d1 0 lo/ 
9 ! t]rible yell ( desp]ation t b\nd$   
aft] x & fill$ h] e>s ) savage e*oes1 & 
9 ! wide arc ( "s et]nal desc5t %e 0    
fall+2--b ! bea/ fell "u h]4 ,i ?9k t ! 
mom5t foll[+ mu/ h be5 too sacr$ = u1 & 
p]haps ! ?ree h no special int]e/ aga9  
till !y issue f ! %ad[s ( ! wild]ness ^u
 ! :ite hills t skirt _! home4 ,! fa!r  
c>ries ! *ild hu%$ aga9 into slumb]2 !  
"m foll[s ) no su* feeble /ep z might be
 anticipat$1--& z !y sl[ly climb ! /eep 
"u ! cle> gray sky & ! pal+ morn+ />1 %e
 /ops to ga!r a spray ( ! r$-rose b]ries
 or a fea!ry tuft ( dead grasses = !    
*imney-piece ( ! log-h\se1 or a h&ful ( 
br[n ones = ! *ild's play1--& ( ^!      
quiet1 happy folk y w\ld sc>cely dream  
h[ lately !y _h /ol5 f "u ! bann] &     
encampm5t ( ! great ,k+ ,dea?4 ,! husb& 
proce$s a /ep or two 9 advance2 ! wife  
l+]s ov] a s+ul> foot-pr9t 9 ! sn[1     
/oops & exam9es x1 !n looks up ) a      
hurri$ ^w4 ,h] husb& /&s alone on !     
hill1 8 arms fold$ across ! babe1 8 gun 

fall51--/&s def9$ aga9/ ! pallid sky l a
 bronze4 ,:at is !re 9 _! home1 ly+ bel[
 & yell[+ 9 ! light1 to fix him ) su* a 
/>e8 ,%e spr+s to 8 side4 ,!re is no    
home !re4 ,! log-h\se1 ! b>ns1 !        
neighbor+ f>ms1 ! f5ces1 are all blott$ 
out & m+l$ 9 "o smok+ ru94 ,desolation &
 dea? 7 inde$ !re1 & b5efic5ce & life 9 
! =e/4 ,tomahawk & scalp+-knife1 desc5d+
 dur+ t night1 _h left beh9d !m only ?is
 "w ( _! accompli%$ hatr$ & "o subtle   
foot-pr9t 9 ! sn[4  ,= ! re/1--! _w 0   
all be=e !m1 :]e to *oose4         99   
99       99       99       99  ,,urania4
   ,ha/ ?\ =gott5 ^: ?\ art8   ,to :at  
high s]vice consecrate8 ,i gave !e n a  
noble he>t   ,to w$ ) su* ignoble fate4 
,i f\nd !e :]e ! laurels gr[   ,ar\nd ! 
lonely ,delphian %r9e2 ,!re1 :]e ! sacr$
 f\nta9s fl[1   ,i f\nd !e1 & ,i made !e
 m9e4  ,i gave ?y s\l to agony1   ,&    
/range unsatisfi$ desire1 ,t ?\ might/  
de>] be to me1   ,& wor?i] ( ?y burn+   
lyre4  ,o *ild1 ?y fate _h made !e ,god1
   ,to !e su* p[]s div9e 7 giv52 ,! pa?s

 ( fire ?\ might/ h trod   ,_h l$ !e to 
! />s ( heav54  ,& ^? :o 9 ! e>ly dawn  
,( beauty sat & sang ( day1 ,deep 9 _!  
twilight %ades )drawn1   ,_h he>d ?y    
com+ f> away1--  ,) haunt+ music sweet &
 /range1   ,& airs ambrosial bl[n be=e1 
,vague brea?+s ( ! floral *ange   ,t    
glorifies ! hills ( yore3  ,_h felt !   
joy ^? only f9d   ,:o 9 _! secret s\ls h
 kn[n ,! my/]y ( ! poet m9d   ,t ?r\gh  
all beauty feels its own3  ,_h felt !   
,god )9 !m rise   ,to meet ?y radiant   
s\l div9e2 ,_h se>*$ ) _! prophetic eyes
   ,! midnight lum9\s ( ?9e4  ,s fondly 
did ,urania deem6   ,s pr\dly did %e    
prophesy6 ,oh1 ru9 ( a noble dream   ,%e
 ?\ght too glori\s to die6  ,nor knew ?y
 passionate songs ( yore   ,7 z a       
promise unfulfill$1-- ,a /ately portal  
set be=e   ,! palace ?\ %all nev] build6
  ,= is x come to ?is1 at la/8   ,& ?\  
=ev] mu/ rema9 ,a godlike /atue1 =m$ &  
ca/   ,9 m>ble attitude ( pa91--  ,pr\d 
lips t 9 _! scorn are mute1   ,& haunt+ 
eyes ( angui%$ love1 ,"o h& t grasps a  

sil5t lute1   ,& "o convulsd h& above   
,t w n /rike8 ,ah1 scorn & %ame6   ,%ame
 = ! apo/ate un=giv51 ,behold+ an       
unconqu]$ fame   ,9 undiscov]$ fields ( 
heav56  ,= ,beauty n by "o alone   ,9 h]
 complet5ess is reveal$3 ,! smiles &    
te>s h] face ha? %[n   ,to !e f o!rs are
 conceal$4  ,m5 see n 9 ! midnight sky  
,all miracles %e worke? !re3 ,x is !    
bl9dness ( ! eye   ,t pa9ts its d>kness 
on ! air4  ,two fri5ds :o w&] by ! %ore 
,look n ^u ! selfsame seas1 ,he>+ two   
voices 9 ! ro>1   ,because ( diff]5t    
memories4  ,= him ^: love ! sea ha?     
dr[n$1   ,x moans ! music ( 8 wrong2 ,= 
him ^: life ) love is cr[n$1   ,x breaks
 ^u ! bea* 9 song4  ,s dream+ n ano!r's 
dream1   ,b /ill int]pret+ ?9e own1 ,by 
woodl& wild & quiet /ream   ,?\ w&]e/ 9 
! _w alone4  ,!n :at ?\ slaye/ none c   
save3   ,sil5t & d>k oblivion rolls ,ov]
 ! glory 9 ! grave   ,( fi]ce & suicidal
 s\ls4  ,f t d>k wave no plead+ gho/    
,) po9t+ h& %all ev] rise1 ,to say1--,! 
_w ha? treasure lo/1   ,& "h ! buri$    

treasure lies6  ,bew>e1 & yet bew>e6 my 
fe>   ,unfolds a vision 9 ! gloom ,(    
,beauty borne ^u h] bi]1   ,& ,d>kness  
cr\*+ 9 ! tomb4  ,bew>e1 & yet bew>e6 h]
 end   ,is ?9e2 or else1 h] %ad[y he>se 
,beside1 ?y _s %all desc5d   ,! va/     
sepul*ral univ]se1  ,&1 ) ! passion t   
rema9s   ,9 desolat$ he>ts1 implore ,!  
spectre sitt+ b\nd 9 *a9s   ,to yield   
:at he %all n re/ore3--  ,! my/]y ^: s\l
 div9e   ,brea!d love1 & only love1 on  
!e2 ,:i* bett] f> _h n be5 ?9e1   ,?an1 
hav+ be51 to cease to be4     ,,m>y     
,,som]ville4   ,!re h be5 9 e age a few 
wom5 ( g5ius :o h become ! successful   
rivals ( man 9 ! pa?s :i* !y h sev]ally 
*os54 ,?ree in/ances are ( our "t4 ,mrs4
 ,br[n+ is call$ a poet ev5 by poets2 ! 
arti/s admit t ,rosa ,bonheur is a      
pa9t]2 & ! ma!maticians accord to ,m>y  
,som]ville a high rank among !mselves4  
,9 pure ma!matics1 said ,humboldt1 ,mrs4
 ,som]ville is /rong4 ,( no o!r woman ( 
! age c\ld ! rem>k h be5 made2 & ?is    
w\ld probably be true1 7 ! walks (      

sci5ce z m>k$ by ! fem99e footpr9t z are
 ^? ( lit]ature4 ,to read ma!matical    
works is an easy task2 ! =mula c be     
le>n$ & _! mean+ appreh5d$3 to read !   
mo/ pr(\nd ( !m1 ) su* appreciation t "o
 /&s side by side ) ! great m9ds :o     
orig9at$ !m1 requires a high] ord] (    
intellect2 & f>-rea*+ inde$ is t :i*1   
pond]+ 9 ! /udy on a few ph5om5a kn[n by
 obs]vation1 develops ! !ory ( worlds1  
traces back = ages _! hi/ory1 & sket*es 
! outl9e ( _! future de/9y4  ,c>ol9e    
,h]s*el1 ! si/] ( ,sir ,william1 0      
d\btless gift$ ) mu* ( ! ,h]s*el tal5t1 
&1 "u o!r circum/ances1 h] m9d might h  
turn$ to orig9al rese>*2 b %e belong$ r 
to ! la/ c5tury1 & ,hanov] 0 n a region 
favorable to intellectual ef=ts 9 h]    
sex4 ,%e liv$ ! life ( a simple-he>t$1  
tru?-lov+ woman2 mo/ wor?y ( ! "n %e    
bore1 %e made notes = h] bro!r1 %e swept
 ! heav5s & f\nd comets = him1 %e       
comput$ & tabulat$ 8 obs]vations2 x     
seems nev] to h occurr$ to h] to be o!r 
?an ! pati5t1 help+ si/] ( a truly great

 man4  ,mrs4 ,som]ville's life has be5 m
 individual4 ,%e is ! daught] ( ,admiral
 ,fairfax1 & 0 born 9 ,fife%ire1        
,scotl&1 ,decemb] #bf1 #aghj1 9 ! h\se (
 h] uncle1 ! fa!r ( h] pres5t husb&4  ,!
 home tra9+ & ! s*ool education ( !     
daught]s ( ,great ,brita9 are v unlike  
^? ( _! ,am]ican si/]s4 ,! mann]s &     
cu/oms ( ! ,old ,_w *ange s sl[ly1 t "o 
c sc>cely ass5t to a rem>k made by ,sir 
,john ,h]s*el3--,! ,engli%man /icks to 8
 old ways1 b is n cem5t$ to !m4 ,!      
,engli%woman submits to au?ority f h]   
infancy2 belong+ to ! middle class1 %e  
does n expect ! high] education ( !     
nobility2 a woman1 %e is n suppos$ to   
desire to ent] into ! /udies ( h]       
bro!rs4 ,a gov]ness1 g5]ally ! daught] (
 a curate1 :o pref]s ?is position to t (
 companion to a f9e lady1 is provid$ =  
h] 9 h] e>ly ye>s4 ,if ! *oice be       
=tunate & ! p>5ts wat*ful1 ! "y girl is 
?or\ghly taught 9 a few bran*es ( :at   
are commonly consid]$ fem99e /udies4 ,%e
 le>ns to read & to speak ,fr5*2 tutors 

are employ$ = music & draw+3 e "y lady  
above ! rank ( ! tradesman's daught]    
plays well ^u ! piano2 e "o has h]      
portfolio ( draw+s1 9 :i* sket*es f     
,nature c always be f\nd1 & frequ5tly ! 
family portraits4 ,! hi/ory ( ! c\ntry  
is consid]$ a /udy suitable = girls2 !  
,engli%man expects t 8 daught] %all "k  
some?+ ( ! pa/1 ( :i* he is s ju/ly     
pr\d4  ,b ! m solid book-le>n+ giv5 to !
 girls ( ,new ,engl&1 ev5 9 ! public    
s*ools1 is kn[n only to ! daught]s ( !  
high] classes1 & among !m an in/ance l t
 ( ,lady ,jane ,grey c\ld sc>cely n[ be 
f\nd4 ,z ! girls & boys are nev] taught 
9 ! same s*ools1 no ta/e is ar\s$ by !  
example ( manly /udies4 ,an ,engli% girl
 is a/oni%$ to he> t an ,am]ican girl   
passes a public exam9ation1 l h] bro!rs1
 & ) !m competes = prizes2 %e d\bts !   
tru?fulness ( "s ( ! repres5tations (   
life f\nd 9 ,am]ican novels2 & s little 
is ! fre$om ( mann]s und]/ood1 t !      
,am]ican travell] is frequ5tly ask$1--,c
 x really be z ,mrs4 ,/[e repres5ts 9   

,am]ica8 ,does a "y lady really give a  
p>ty h]self8  ,! diff]5ce t "o w\ld     
expect is f\nd betwe5 ! wom5 ( ,engl& or
 ,scotl& & ! wom5 ( ,new ,engl&4 ,! "y  
,engli%woman is ta/eful & elegant1      
m9dful ( all ! proprieties & graces (   
social life2 %e speaks sl[ly &          
cauti\sly1 & gives h] op9ions ) great   
mode/y4 ,^! are n at pres5t !           
*>act]i/ics ( ! ,am]ican girl4  ,m>y    
,fairfax pass$ ?r\gh ! usual r\t9e4 ,at 
f\rte5 %e _h read ! books to be f\nd 9  
h] fa!r's h\se1 includ+ ! few works on  
,navigation :i* 7 necess>y to him 9 8   
pr(ession4 ,%e _h ?us obta9$ an idea ( !
 _w ( sci5ce1 & x 0 dull to return to   
wor/$-"w = amusem5t4 ,! ne$le1 :i* has  
be5 ! fett] ( s _m wom51 became1 h[ev]1 
9 h] h&1 magnetic1 & po9t$ h] to h]     
de/9y4 ,%e 0 9 ! habit ( tak+ h] "w into
 h] bro!r's /udy1 & li/5+ to 8          
recitations2 ! revelations ( ,geometry 7
 ?us op5$ to h]2 %e li/5$ & work$ = a   
"t1 until ! desire to "k m ( ?is region 
( =m & law1 ( h>mony & ( relations1     

became too /rong to be resi/$2 ! wor/$ 0
 ?r[n aside1 & %e v5tur$ to ask ! tutor 
to in/ruct h]4 ,! hone/ man told h] t he
 0 no ma!matician3 he c\ld l5d h]       
,euclid1 b he c\ld d no m4  ,! fir/     
great /ep 0 n[ tak52 ,euclid 0 quickly  
read2 o!r books 7 borr[$ f o!r fri5ds2  
,bonnyca/le's & ,eul]'s ,algebra 7      
obta9$1 & %e exult$ 9 ! use ( ^? my/ic  
symbols1 x1 y1 & z4 ,h] p>5ts look$ on )
 indiff]5ce2 s t ! music 7 n neglect$ & 
! gov]ness report$ well ( h] /udies1 !y 
felt !re 0 no h>m 9 h] amus+ h]self z %e
 *ose4 ,:5 ! days ( ! gov]ness 7 ov]1 ! 
"y lady came out 9 ,ed9burgh1 & m+l$ mu*
 ) ! be/ society4 ,?is mo/ picturesque  
city _h long be5 ! resort ( ! mo/ gift$ 
m9ds2 m5 ( lit]ature & m5 ( sci5ce made 
! *>m ( its w9t] life4 ,nev] 0 x m !    
ga!r+-place ( intellect ?an 9 ! e>ly "p 
( ?is c5tury2 b !re 0 no room = a woman 
( g5ius1 & ! "y girl's fri5ds advis$ h] 
to conceal h] pursuits4 ,move z quietly1
 h[ev]1 & z unobtrusively z %e might 9 !
 brilliant circle1 h] g5ius 0 n )\t     

recognition4 ,!re 0 a ^w ( enc\ragem5t f
 ,pr(essor ,playfair4 ,p]sev]e 9 y\r    
/udy1 said he2 x w be a s\rce ( happ9ess
 to y :5 all else fails2 = x is ! /udy (
 tru?4 ,%e _h a *ampion1 too1 9 ! dread$
 critic1 ,jeffrey4 ,i am told1 said a   
fri5d1 writ+ to him1 t ! ladies (       
,ed9burgh are lit]>y1 & t "o ( !m sets  
up z a blue-/ock+ & an a/ronom]4 ,! lady
 ( :om y speak1 repli$ ,jeffrey1 may we>
 blue /ock+s1 b h] petticoats are s long
 t ,i h nev] se5 !m4  ,mrs4 ,som]ville  
has be5 twice m>ri$4 ,h] fir/ husb&1 a  
g5tleman ( ! "n ( ,greig1 reg>d$ h]     
pursuits z h] p>5ts _h1 simply )        
indiff]5ce4 ,dr4 ,som]ville1 h] pres5t  
husb&1 has tak5 ! utmo/ pa9s to secure  
h] "t = h] /udies1 & has himself reliev$
 h] f _m h\sehold c>es4  ,! simplicity (
 "* :i* belong$ to h] 9 e>ly life 0 n   
lo/ :5 h] reputation became e/abli%$4 ,!
 ,royal ,society1 ^: doors d n op5 at e 
knock1 admitt$ h] to memb]%ip1 &1 by _! 
ord]1 h] bu/ 0 sculptur$ by ,*antrey1 & 
n[ adorns ! hall ( ! ,society 9 ,som]set

 ,h\se4 ,dur+ ! sitt+s = ?is purpose1 a 
lady1 a fri5d ( ! sculptor1 him to      
introduce h] to ,mrs4 ,som]ville4       
,*antrey cons5t$1 & made a d9n]-p>ty = !
 purpose4 ,! two ladies 7 plac$ side by 
side at table1 & ! b5evol5t arti/       
rejoic$ to p]ceive1 f ! fl[ ( talk1 t !y
 7 mutually pleas$4 ,! next day1 to 8   
a/oni%m5t1 8 fri5d call$ on him 9 a /ate
 ( great indignation1 believ+ h]self !  
victim ( a practical joke4 ,h[ c\ld y d 
s8 said %e4 ,y knew t ,i did n want to  
"k t ,mrs4 ,som]ville2 ,i want$ to "k ! 
a/ronom]3 t lady talk$ ( ! !atre1 !     
op]a1 & common ?+s4  ,! anecdote s (t5  
told ( ,laplace's complim5t is lit]ally 
true4 ,mrs4 ,som]ville d9$ ) ?is great  
geomet] 9 ,p>is4 ,i write books1 said   
,laplace1 t no "o c read4 ,only two wom5
 h ev] read ! ',mcanique ,cle/e'2 bo?   
are ,scot* wom53 ,mrs4 ,greig & y\rself4
  ,^u ! ,mcanique ,cle/e ,mrs4          
,som]ville's greate/ "w is f\nd$4 ,i    
simply translat$ ,laplace's "w1 said %e1
 f algebra into common language4 ,t is1 

%e did :at v few m5 & no o!r woman c\ld 
d4 ,x is ( ?is "w ( ,laplace t ,bonap>te
 said1 ,i w give to x my fir/ six mon?s 
( leisure4 ,! /ud5t :o reads x by ! aid 
( ,dr4 ,b[dit*'s notes has little idea (
 ! difficulties to be met 9 ! orig9al   
"w4 ,ev5 ,dr4 ,b[dit* himself said1 ,i  
nev] come across "o ( ,laplace's ',?us x
 pla9ly appe>s1' )\t feel+ sure t ,i h  
got h\rs ( h>d /udy be=e me1 to fill up 
! *asm & %[ h[ x pla9ly appe>s4  ,?is   
translation into common language 0      
und]tak5 at ! reque/ ( ,"l ,br\gham1 :o 
desir$ a ma!matical "w suit$ to !       
,libr>y ( ,useful ,k4 ,! manuscript 0   
submitt$ to ,sir ,john ,h]s*el1 :o      
express$ himself delight$ ) x1--t x 0 a 
book = po/]ity1 b q above ! class = :i* 
,"l ,br\gham's c\rse 0 int5d$4 ,x 0     
publi%$ at once1 & became ! text-book = 
! /ud5ts ( ,cambridge4  ,! ,connection (
 ! ,physical ,sci5ces & ! ,physical     
,geography are ! lat] works ( ,mrs4     
,som]ville4 ,^! volumes h probably be5 m
 read 9 our c\ntry ?an 9 ,europe2 = x is

 a common rem>k ( ! sci5tific writ]s (  
,great ,brita91 t _! read]s are f\nd 9 !
 ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,!y conta9 va/          
collections ( facts 9 all bran*es (     
,physical ,sci5ce1 connect$ toge!r by ! 
delicate web ( ,mrs4 ,som]ville's own   
?\ght1 %[+ an am\nt & v>iety ( le>n+ to 
be comp>$ only to t ( ,humboldt4        
,provid$ ) an op5 sesame to h] he>t1 9 !
 %ape ( a lett] f h] old fri5d1 ,lady   
,h]s*el1 we s\ght ! acqua9tance ( ,mrs4 
,som]ville 9 ! spr+ ( #aheh4 ,%e 0 at t 
"t resid+ 9 ,flor5ce1 &1 s5d+ ! lett] & 
a c>d to h] by ! s]vant1 we await$ !    
reply 9 ! l>ge ,flor5t9e p>lor1 9 !     
fireplace ( :i* a wood-fire blaz$1      
sugge/ive ( ,engli% com=t1--a sugge/ion 
:i* 9 ,italy r>ely becomes a reality4   
,!re 0 ! usual delay2 !n a foot/ep came 
sl[ly ?r\gh ! out] room1 & a v old man1 
exce$+ly tall1 ) a r$ silk h&k]*ief     
ar\nd 8 head1 ent]$1 & introduc$ himself
 z ,doctor ,som]ville4 ,he is pr\d ( 8  
wife2 a p>donable weakness 9 any man1   
especially s 9 ! husb& ( ,m>y           

,som]ville4 ,he began at once to talk ( 
h]4 ,mrs4 ,som]ville1 he said1 0 mu*    
int]e/$ 9 ! ,am]icans1 = %e claim$ a    
connection ) ! family ( ,wa%+ton4       
,wa%+ton's half-bro!r1 ,lawr5ce1 m>ri$  
,anne ,fairfax1 :o 0 ( ! ,scot* family (
 t "n4 ,:5 ,mrs4 ,som]ville's fa!r1 z   
,lieut5ant ,fairfax1 0 ord]$ to ,am]ica1
 ,g5]al ,wa%+ton wrote to him z a family
 relative1 & invit$ him to 8 h\se4      
,lieut5ant ,fairfax appli$ to 8 comm&+  
(fic] = leave to accept ! invitation1 & 
x 0 refus$2 !y nev] met4 ,mu* to !      
regret ( ! ,som]villes1 ! lett] (       
,wa%+ton has be5 lo/4 ,! ,fairfaxes (   
,virg9ia are ( ! same family1 &         
occasionally "s memb] ( ! ,am]ican bran*
 visits 8 ,scot* c\s9s4  ,:ile ,doctor  
,som]ville 0 talk+ ( ^! ?+s1 ,mrs4      
,som]ville came tripp+ into ! room1     
speak+ ) ! vivacity ( a "y p]son4 ,%e 0 
sev5ty-sev5 ye>s old1 b appe>$ tw5ty    
ye>s y\ng]4 ,h] face is pleas+1 ! =ehead
 l[ & broad1 ! eyes blue1--! features s 
regul>1 t1 z sculptur$ by ,*antrey1 9 ! 

bu/ at ,som]set ,h\se1 !y convey ! idea 
( a v h&some woman4 ,nei!r ?is bu/ nor !
 picture ( h]1 h[ev]1 gives a correct   
impression1 except 9 ! outl9e ( ! head &
 %\ld]s4 ,%e spoke ) a /rong ,scot*     
acc5t1 & 0 slightly affect$ by deafness4
  ,at ?is "t1 ,mrs4 ,som]ville 0        
re-writ+ h] ,physical ,geography4 ,%e   
said t %e work$ z well z :5 %e 0 y\ng]1 
b 0 m quickly fatigu$2 yet1 9 ord] to   
ga9 "t1 %e _h giv5 up h] aft]noon nap1  
)\t app>5t injury to h] heal?4 ,h] work+
 h\rs 7 9 ! morn+1 & %e nev] refus$ a   
visitor aft] noon4 ,= h] fir/ "w %e said
 %e comput$ a good deal2 & "h %e /epp$  
quickly into an adjo9+ room1 & br\ght   
out a mass ( manuscript computations    
made = t "w1 ! m]e sight ( :i* w\ld give
 a heada*e to mo/ wom54 ,! conv]sation 0
 r ( ! famili> & *atty ord]1 & m>k$ by  
great simplicity4 ,%e t\*$ ^u ! rec5t   
discov]ies 9 *emical sci5ce1--^u        
,cali=nia1 its gold & its consequ5ces1  
"s good f :i* %e ?\ght w\ld be f\nd 9 ! 
improvem5t ( seaman%ip1--on ! nebulae1 m

 & m ( :i* %e ?\ght w\ld be resolv$1    
:ile yet !re might exi/ irresolvable    
nebul\s matt]1 su* z compos$ ! tails (  
comets1 or ! satellites ( ! planets1 :i*
 %e ?\ght _h o!r uses ?an z _!          
subord9ates4 ,( ,doctor ,:ewell's       
attempt to prove t our planet is ! only 
"o inhabit$ %e spoke ) disapprobation2  
%e said %e believ$ t ! o!r planets might
 be inhabit$ by be+s ( a high] ord] ?an 
ourselves4  ,on subsequ5t visits1 ,mrs4 
,som]ville _h mu* to say ( ! ,am]icans4 
,%e regrett$ t %e s r>ely receiv$       
sci5tific articles f ,am]ica2 ! pap]s ( 
,lieut5ant ,maury alone rea*$ h]4 ,%e   
spoke ( ! late ,doctor ,b[dit* ) great  
int]e/1 & said %e _h _h "s correspond5ce
 ) "o ( 8 sons2 ( ,pr(essor ,peirce z a 
great ma!matician2 & %e 0 mu* int]e/$ 9 
! successful photography ( ! />s by ,mr4
 ,:ipple4 ,to a travell]1 ?\s&s ( miles 
f home1 ! m]e m5tion ( famili> names is 
*e]+4  ,mrs4 ,som]ville resides 9       
,flor5ce on acc\nt ( ! heal? ( h] husb&4
 ,a little g>d51 well-/ock$ )           

rose-bu%es1 :i* %e %[s ) great pride to 
h] visitors1 furni%es h] ) a means (    
heal?y recreation aft] h] sev]e /udies4 
,h] *ildr5 are a son by ,mr4 ,greig &   
two daught]s by ,doctor ,som]ville4 ,9  
e>ly life1 ,mrs4 ,som]ville 0 a f9e     
musician3 ! daught]s h inh]it$ ?is      
tal5t2 & hav+ liv$ long 9 ,flor5ce1 !y  
speak ,italian ) a p]fect acc5t4 ,i     
speak ,italian1 said ,mrs4 ,som]ville2 b
 no "o c\ld ev] take me = o!r ?an a     
,scot*woman4  ,no "o c make !           
acqua9tance ( ?is rem>kable woman )\t   
increas$ admiration = h]4 ,! asc5t ( !  
/eep & rugg$ pa? ( sci5ce has n unfitt$ 
h] = ! draw+-room circle2 ! h\rs (      
devotion to close /udy h n be5          
incompatible ) ! duties ( ! wife & ! "m2
 ! m9d t has turn$ to rigid demon/ration
 has n !reby lo/ its fai? 9 ! tru?s :i* 
figures w n prove4 ,i h no d\bt1 said   
%e1 9 speak+ ( ! heav5ly bodies1 t 9    
ano!r /ate ( exi/5ce we %all "k m ab\t  
^! ?+s4     ,,roba ,,di ,,roma4  ,,may  
,,9 ,,rome4   ,may has come aga91--!    

delicate-foot$ ,may1 h] feet hidd5 9    
fl[]s z %e w&]s ov] ! ,campagna1 & !    
cool breeze ( ! ,campagna bl[+ back h]  
loos5$ hair4 ,%e calls to u f ! op5     
fields to leave ! wells ( damp *ur*es & 
%ad[y /reets1 & to come abroad & meet h]
 :]e ! m\nta9s look d[n f roseate       
heights ( vani%+ sn[ ^u pla9s ( wav+    
gra94 ,! h$ges h put on _! be/ drap]ies 
( leaves & fl[]s1 &1 girdl$ 9 at _! wai/
 by d\ble osi] b&s1 /agg] luxuriantly   
along ! road l a drunk5 ,bac*anal       
procession1 cr[n$ ) fe/ive ivy1 & hold+ 
al(t _! sn[y clu/]s ( eld]-blossoms l   
?yrsi4 ,among _! gre5 robes may be se5  
?\s&s ( beautiful wild-fl[]s1--!        
sweet-sc5t$ lauru/9us1 all sorts ( runn+
 vet*es & wild sweet-pea1 ! delicate    
vases ( dewy morn+-glories1 clu/]s (    
eglant9e or sweetbri] roses1 fragrant   
acacia-blossoms cov]$ ) bees & buzz+    
flies1 ! gold ( gl[+ gorses1 & scores ( 
purple & yell[ fl[]s1 ( :i* ,i "k n !   
names4 ,on ! gray walls1 v9es1 grass1 & 
! humble class ( fl[]s :i* g by !       

ignoble "n ( we$s /raggle & clu/]2 & ov]
 !m1 held d[n by ! gre5 cord ( ! /alk1  
balance ! bur/$ balloons ( hundr$s (    
flam+ sc>let poppies t seem to h f$ on  
fire4 ,! undulat+ swell ( ! ,campagna is
 "h ablaze ) !m = acres1 & !re deep5+ ) 
gr[+ gra91 or sn[$ ov] ) myriads (      
daisies4 ,music & song1 too1 are n      
want+2 hundr$s ( birds are 9 ! h$ges4 ,!
 l>k1 f 8 moi/ cab9et ris+1 ra9s d[n 8  
trills ( incessant song f invisible     
heights ( blue sky2 & :5ev] "o passes ! 
wayside groves1 a night+ale is sure to  
bubble into song4 ,! oranges1 too1 are 9
 blossom1 p]fum+ ! air2 locu/-trees are 
tassell$ ) odor\s fl[]s2 & ov] ! walls (
 ! ,campagna villa bur/s a cascade (    
v9es cov]$ ) foamy ,banksia roses4  ,!  
,c>nival ( ! kit*5-g>d5s is n[ comm5c+4 
,peas are already an old /ory1          
/rawb]ries are abundant1 & *]ries are   
beg9n+ to make _! appe>ance1 9 ^! fir/  
days ( ,may2 old wom5 sell !m at e      
corn]1 ti$ toge!r 9 tempt+ bun*es1 z 9 !
 *]ry-or*>d :i* ,miss ,edgewor? has made

 fairy-l& 9 our *ildi% memories4        
,asp>agus also has long s9ce come2 &    
arti*okes make _! daily appe>ance on !  
table1 slic$ up & fri$1 or boil$ :ole1  
or com+ up roa/$ & gleam+ ) butt]1 ) m  
outside capes & coats ?an an ideal      
,engli% coa*man ( ! old5 times4 ,f9oc*i1
 too1 are "h1 ta/+ l anisette1 & good to
 mix 9 ! salads4 ,& great beans lie ab\t
 9 piles1 ! contad9i twi/+ !m out ( _!  
?ick pods ) _! ?umbs1 to eat !m raw4    
,nay1 ev5 ! signoria ( ! noble families 
d ! same1 z !y walk ?r\gh ! g>d5s1 & ?9k
 !m su* a luxury t !y eat !m raw =      
breakfa/4 ,b ov] & above all o!r        
vegetables are ! lettuces1 :i* are "o ( 
! great /aples ( food = ! ,roman p1 & s 
crisp1 fre%1 delicate1 & high-flavor$1 t
 be :o eats !m once w hold ,nebu*adnezz>
 no long] a subject = compassion1 b r ( 
envy4 ,dr[n$ 9 fre% olive-oil & /rong ) 
v9eg>1 !y are a fea/ = ! gods2 & ev5 9  
_! natural /ate1 )\t condim5ts1 !y are  
by no means to be despis$4 ,at ! corn]s 
( ! /reets !y lie pil$ 9 gre5 heaps1 &  

are sold at a baiocco = five heads4 ,at 
noontide1 ! contad9i & labor]s fe$ ^u !m
 )\t ev5 ! condim5t ( salt1 crun*+ _!   
:ite tee? ?r\gh ! crisp1 wet leaves1 &  
alt]nat+ a bite at a great w$ge ( bread2
 & t[>d nightfall1 "o may see c>ts lad5 
high up ) closely pack$ masses ( !m1    
com+ 9 f ! ,campagna = ! m>ket4 ,9 a ^w1
 ! fe/a ( ! vegetables1 at :i* !y d n   
eat1 b are eat51 & ! ,c>nival ( !       
kit*5-g>d5 h come4  ,b--a ?\s&1 ?\s&    
p>dons1 ,o mighty ,cavolo6--h[ h ,i d>$ 
omit ?y augu/ "n8 ,on my knees1 ,o      
pot5te/ ( vegetables1 ,i crave =giv5ess6
 ,i w burn at ?y %r9e t5 wax5 c&les1 9  
p5ance1 if ?\ wilt p>don ! s9 & %ame (  
my =getfulness6 ,! smoke ( ?y           
alt>-fires1 ! /eam ( ?y inc5se1 & !     
odors ( ?y sanctity rise f e hypae?ral  
%r9e 9 ,rome4 ,out-doors & 9-doors1     
:]ev] ! foot w&]s1 on palatial /airs or 
9 ! hut ( pov]ty1 9 ! conv5t pottage & !
 ,lepre s\p1 9 ! wood5 platt] ( ! begg> 
& ! silv] ture5 ( ! pr9ce1 ?\ fille/ our
 no/rils1 ?\ satisfie/ our /oma*4 ,?\   

ha/ no false pride2 great z ?\ art1 ?\  
condesc5de/ to be ex*ang$ = a baiocco4  
,de> en*antress6 to !e1 & to ?y glori\s 
c\s9 ,broccoli1 t t5d]-he>t$1           
effloresc5t nymph1 ! ,eg]ia ( ! o/]ia   
con cuc9a1 ! pe]less maid t goes ) !    
/eak & accepts m>tyrdom )\t moan1 to    
drive away ! demon ( ,hung] f h] devot$ 
foll[]s1--all honor6 ,f> away1 :5ev] ,i 
inhale ?y odor1 ,i %all ?9k ( ,roman    
,joys2 a :iff f ?9e alt> 9 a =eign l& w 
be> me back to ! ,et]nal ,city1 ! ,city 
( ! ,s\l1 ! ,city ( ! ,cabbage1 ! home (
 ! ,dioscuri1 ,cavolo & ,broccoli6 ,yes1
 z ,p>is is recall$ by ! odor (         
*ocolate1 & ,london by ! damp /eam (    
malt1 s %all ,rome come back :5 my      
no/rils are fill$ ) ?y p5etrative       
fragrance6  ,saunt] out at any ( !      
city-gates1 or lean ov] ! wall at ,san  
,giovanni1 7& :]e w y f9d a m *>m+      
spot87 or look d[n f ! w9d[s ( ! ,villa 
,negroni1 & y\r eye w surely fall on "o 
( ! ,roman kit*5-g>d5s1 patt]n$ out 9   
ev5 r[s & squ>es ( gre54 ,no?+ c be     

pretti] or m ta/eful 9 _! arrangem5t ?an
 ^! v>iegat$ c>pets ( vegetables4 ,a    
great ci/]n ( runn+ wat] cr[ns ! height 
( ! gr\nd1 :i* is us$ = ! purposes (    
irrigation1 & t[>ds nightfall ! v5t is  
op5$1 & y may see ! g>d5]s imbank+ !    
*annell$ r[s to let ! inundation fl[    
?r\gh hundr$s ( little lanes (          
int]section & canals betwe5 ! b$s1 & !n 
bank+ !m up at ! entrance :5 a suffici5t
 quantity ( wat] has ent]$4 ,9 ?is way  
!y f]tilize & refre% ! soil1 :i* else   
w\ld p>* "u ! cont9u\s sun4 ,& ?is1     
inde$1 is all ! f]tilization !y ne$1--s 
/rong is ! soil all ov] ! ,campagna4 ,! 
accretions & decay ( ?\s&s ( ye>s h     
cov]$ x ) a loam ^: ri*ness & dep? are  
a/oni%+4 ,dig :]e y w1 = t5 feet d[n1 & 
y d n pass ?r\gh its wond]fully f]tile  
loam into gravel1 & ! slighte/ labor is 
repaid a hundr$-fold4  ,z "o looks f !  
,villa ,negroni w9d[s1 he _c fail to be 
impress$ by ! /range *anges ?r\gh :i*   
?is wond]ful city has pass$4 ,! v spot  
on :i* ,n]o1 ! insane emp]or-arti/1     

fiddl$ :ile ,rome 0 burn+ has n[ become 
a va/ kit*5-g>d51 belong+ to ,pr9ce     
,massimo1 7himself a desc5dant1 z he    
claims1 ( ,fabius ,cunctator17 :]e m5 no
 long]1 b only lettuces1 asp>agus1 &    
arti*okes1 are ru?lessly cut d[n4 ,!    
inundations are n = mock sea-fights     
among slaves1 b = ! peaceful purposes ( 
irrigation4 ,& ?\gh ! fiddle ( ,n]o is  
only traditional1 ! trumpets ( ! ,fr5*1 
murd]+ _m an unhappy /ra9 ne> by1 are a 
mo/ melan*oly fact4 ,9 ! bottom ( !     
valley1 a noble old villa1 cov]$ )      
frescoes1 has be5 turn$ into a          
manufactory ( bricks1 & ! v ,villa      
,negroni itself is n[ doom$ to be ! site
 ( a railway /ation4 ,yet "h ! pr9cely  
family ( ,negroni liv$1 & ! v lady at ^:
 h\se ,lucrezia ,borgia took h] fam\s   
rev5ge may once h saunt]$ "u ! walls1   
:i* /ill gl[ ) rip5+ oranges1 to fe$ !  
gold-fi% 9 ! f\nta91 or walk$ ) /ately  
fri5ds ?r\gh ! long alleys ( clipp$     
cypresses1 & pic-nick$ alia ,giorgione  
on lawns :i* are n[ b kit*5-g>d5s1      

d$icat$ to ,san ,cavolo4 ,x pleases me1 
also1 desc5d+ 9 memories to a lat] "t1  
to look up at ! summ]-h\se built above !
 gateway1 & recall ! days :5 ,%elley &  
,keats came !re to visit _! fri5d       
,sev]n1 ! arti/1 7= t 0 8 /udio17 & look
 ov] ! same alleys & g>d5s1 & speak     
words "o w\ld h be5 s glad to he>1--&1  
com+ /ill lat] d[n1 to recall ! he>ty   
words & brave he>t ( ,am]ica's be/      
sculptor & my de> fri5d1 ,craw=d4  ,b to
 return to ! kit*5-g>d5s4 ,pretty z !y  
are to ! eye1 !y are n consid]$ to be   
:olesome2 & no ,roman w live 9 a h\se   
ne> "o ( !m1 especially if x lie on !   
s\!rn & we/]n side1 s t ! ,sirocco & !  
preval5t summ] w9ds bl[ ov] x4 ,! daily 
irrigation1 9 itself1 w\ld be suffici5t 
to fright5 all ,italians away2 = !y h a 
deadly fe> ( all effluvia aris+ f       
decompos+ vegetable sub/ances1 &        
suppose1 ) a good deal ( tru?1 t1 :]ev] 
!re is wat] on ! e>?1 !re is            
decomposition4 ,b ?is is n ! only       
reason2 = ! same prejudice exi/s 9 reg>d

 to all k9ds ( g>d5s1 :e!r irrigat$ or  
n1--& ev5 to groves ( trees & clu/]s (  
bu%es1 or vegetation ( any k9d1 ar\nd a 
h\se4 ,?is is ! real reason :y1 ev5 9 _!
 c\ntry villas1 _! trees are almo/      
always plant$ at a di/ance f ! h\se1 s z
 to expose x to ! sun & to give x a free
 v5tilation2 ^! !y d n c>e =2 damp is _!
 det]m9$ foe1 & !re=e !y w n pur*ase !  
luxury ( %ade f trees at ! risk ( ! damp
 x is suppos$ to eng5d]4 ,on ! nor?1    
h[ev]1 g>d5s are n ?\ght to be s        
prejudicial z on ! s\? & we/1--z ! cold1
 dry w9ds come f ! =m] direction4 ,!    
mal>ia1 z we call x1 ?\gh ! t]m is      
unkn[n to ,romans1 is nev] s dang]\s z  
aft] a slight ra91 j suffici5t to wet ! 
surface ( ! e>? )\t deeply p5etrat+ x2 =
 decomposition is !n /imulat$1 & !      
miasma aris+ f ! ,campagna is bl[n      
abroad4 ,s long z ! e>? is dry1 !re is  
no dang] ( fev]1 except at morn+ &      
nightfall1 & !n simply because ( ! heavy
 dews :i* ! por\s & bak$ e>? !n inhales 
& expires4 ,aft] ! autumn has giv5 a    

?or\gh1 dr5*+ ra91 ,rome is heal?y &    
free f fev]4  ,rome has ) /rang]s !     
reputation ( be+ unheal?y2 b ?is op9ion 
,i _c ?9k well f\nd$1--to ! ext5t1 at   
lea/1 ( ! common belief4 ,! diseases (  
*ildr5 !re are ord9>ily v light1 :ile 9 
,am]ica & ,engl& !y are t]rible4 ,sc>let
 & typhus fev]s1 ^? fe>ful sc\rges 9 !  
,nor?1 are kn[n at ,rome only "u mo/    
mitigat$ =ms4 ,*ol]a has %[n no virul5ce
 !re2 & = diseases ( ! ?roat & lungs !  
air alone is almo/ curative4 ,! great   
curse ( ! place is ! int]mitt5t fev]1 9 
:i* any o!r illness is apt to end4 ,b   
?is1 except 9 its peculi> phase (       
,p]niciosa1 ?\gh a v annoy+1 is by no   
means a dang]\s disease1 & has !        
additional advantage ( a specific rem$y4
 ,! ,romans !mselves ( ! bett] class    
seldom suff] f x1 & ,i _c b ?9k t ) a   
little prud5ce x may be easily avoid$4  
,^? :o are mo/ attack$ by x are !       
labor]s & contad9i on ! ,campagna2 & h[ 
c x be o!rwise ) !m8 ,!y sleep (t5 on ! 
b>e gr\nd1 or on a little /raw "u a     

capanna j l>ge en\gh to admit !m on     
all-f\rs4 ,_! labor is exhau/+1 & p]=m$ 
9 ! sun1 & :ile 9 a viol5t p]spiration  
!y are (t5 expos$ to sudd5 draughts &   
*ecks4 ,_! food is poor1 _! habits      
c>eless1 & x w\ld require an iron       
con/itution to resi/ :at !y endure4 ,b1 
despite ! life !y lead & _! v>i\s       
exposures1 !y are = ! mo/ "p a v /rong &
 /urdy class4 ,?is int]mitt5t fev] is   
und\bt$ly a f> f pleasant ?+2 b         
,am]icans :o are t]rifi$ at x 9 ,rome   
give x no ?\ght 9 ,philadelphia1 :]e x  
is m preval5t1--& :ile !y call ,rome    
unheal?y1 live ) undi/urb$ confid5ce 9  
cities :]e sc>let & typhus fev]s        
annually rage4  ,x is a curi\s fact1 t !
 ,fr5* soldi]s1 :o 9 #ahdh made ! siege 
( ,rome1 suff]$ no inconv5i5ce or injury
 to _! heal? f sleep+ on ! ,campagna1 & 
t1 despite ! prophecies to ! contr>y1 v 
few cases ( fev] appe>$1 ?\gh ! siege   
la/$ dur+ all ! summ] mon?s4 ,! reason (
 ?is is d\btless to be f\nd 9 ! fact t  
!y 7 bett] clo!d1 bett] f$1 & 9 e way m 

c>eful ( !mselves1 ?an ! contad9i4      
,=eign]s1 too1 :o visit ,rome1 are v    
seldom attack$ by int]mitt5t fev]2 & x  
may truly be said1 t1 :5 !y are1 x is1 =
 ! mo/ "p1 _! own fault4 ,!re is g5]ally
 ! grosse/ inconsi/5cy betwe5 _! !ories 
& _! practice4 ,believ+ z !y d t ! lea/ 
exposure w induce fev]1 !y expose       
!mselves ) s+ul> recklessness to ! v    
causes ( fev]4 ,aft] hurry+ ?r\gh !     
/reets & gett+ into a viol5t            
p]spiration1 !y plunge at once into "s  
damp pit-l *ur* or *ill gall]y1 :]e !   
temp]ature is at lea/ t5 degrees l[] ?an
 ! out] air4 ,! bald-head$1 rosy ,john  
,bull1 /eam+ ) heat1 d(fs at once ! hat 
:i* he wore 9 ! /reet1 &1 ( c\rse1 is   
a/\nd$1 if ! result prove j :at x w\ld  
be any:]e else1--& if he take cold & get
 a fev]1 *>ges x to ! climate1 & n to 8 
own /upidity & recklessness4 ,beside    
?is1 =eign]s w always insi/ on c>ry+ _! 
home-habits ) !m :]ev] !y g1 & x is     
exce$+ly difficult to p]suade any "o t  
he does n und]/& ! climate bett] ?an !  

,italians !mselves1 :om he puts d[n z a 
poor set ( timid ignoramuses4 ,h[ev]1 ! 
long] "o lives 9 ,rome1 ! m he le>ns to 
value ! ,italian rules ( heal?4 ,!re is 
probably no p s c>eful 9 ^! matt]s z !  
,italians1 & especially ! ,romans4 ,!y  
und]/& _! own climate1 & !y h a special 
dislike ( dea?4 ,9 ,france & ,engl&     
suicides are v common2 9 ,italy !y are  
almo/ unkn[n4 ,! ,am]ican recklessness (
 life completely a/\nds ! ,italian4 ,he 
enjoys life1 /udies e me?od to pres]ve  
x1 & consid]s any "o :o risks x         
unnecess>ily z simply a fool4  ,:at1 !n1
 are _! rules ( life8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 9
 all _! habits !y are v regul>4 ,!y eat 
at /at$ times1 & _c be p]suad$ to p>take
 ( any?+ 9 ! int]vals4 ,if x be n _! h\r
 = eat+1 !y w refuse ! *oice/ vi&s1 & w 
sit at y\r table fa/+1 despite e        
temptation y c (f] !m4 ,!y are also v   
ab/emi\s 9 _! diet1 & gluttony is ! v   
r>e/ ( vices4 ,i d n believe !re is     
ano!r nation 9 ,europe t eats s sp>+ly4 
,9 ! morn+ !y take a cup ( c(fee1       

g5]ally )\t milk1 sopp+ 9 x "s light    
brio*e4 ,lat] 9 ! day !y take a slight  
lun* ( s\p & mac>oni1 ) a glass ( w9e4  
,?is la/s !m until d9n]1 :i* beg9s ) a  
wat]y s\p2 aft] :i* ! lesso or boil$    
meat comes on & is eat5 ) "o vegetable1 
:i* is less a di% ?an a g>ni% to ! meat2
 !n comes a di% ( "s vegetable eat5 )   
bread2 !n1 p]haps1 a *op1 or ano!r di% (
 meat1 g>ni%$ ) a vegetable2 "s light   
dolce or fruit1 & a cup ( black         
c(fee1--! latt] = dige/ion's sake1--f9i%
 ! repa/4 ,! quantity is v small1 h[ev]1
 comp>$ to :at is eat5 9 ,engl&1        
,france1 ,am]ica1 or1 ?\gh la/1 n lea/1 
,g]many4 ,late 9 ! ev5+ !y h a supp]4   
,:5 d9n] is tak5 9 ! middle ( ! day1    
lun* is omitt$4 ,?is is ! rule ( ! bett]
 classes4 ,! workm5 & middle classes1   
aft] _! cup ( c(fee & bit ( bread or    
brio*e 9 ! morn+1 take no?+ until night1
 except ano!r cup ( c(fee & bread1--& _!
 d9n] f9i%es _! meals aft] _! "w is     
done4 ,f my own obs]vation1 ,i %\ld say 
t an ,italian does n c]ta9ly eat m ?an  

half z mu* z a ,g]man1 or two-?irds z   
mu* z an ,am]ican4 ,! climate w n all[ (
 gorm&iz+1 & mu* less food is requir$ to
 su/a9 ! vital p[]s ?an 9 ,am]ica1 :]e !
 atmosph]e is s /imulat+ to ! bra9 & !  
dige/ion1 or 9 ,engl&1 :]e ! depress+   
effects ( ! climate mu/ be c\nt]act$ by 
/imulants4 ,g to any table d'hte 9 !    
season1 & y w at once "k all ! ,engli%  
:o are new com]s by _! bottle ( ale or  
cl>et or %]ry or br&y2 = ! ,engli%man   
assimilates ) difficulty1 & unwill+ly   
puts (f 8 home-habits4 ,! fre% ,am]ican 
w always be recogniz$ by ! morn+-d9n]1  
:i* he calls a breakfa/4  ,if y wi% to  
keep y\r heal? 9 ,italy1 foll[ ! example
 ( ! ,italians4 ,eat a ?ird less ?an y  
are accu/om$ to at home4 ,d n dr9k      
habitually ( br&y1 port]1 ale1 or ev5   
,m>sala1 b conf9e y\rselves to ! light] 
w9es ( ! c\ntry or ( ,france4 ,d n walk 
mu* 9 ! sun2 only ,engli%m5 & dogs d t1 
z ! prov]b goes2 & especially take he$ n
 to expose y\rself1 :5 w>m1 to any sudd5
 *anges ( temp]ature4 ,if y h heat$     

y\rself ) walk+ 9 ! sun1 be c>eful n to 
g at once1 & especially t[>ds nightfall1
 into ! l[] & %ad$ /reets1 :i* h begun  
to ga!r ! damps1 & :i* are kept cool by 
! high1 ?ick walls ( ! h\ses4 ,rememb] t
 ! diff]5ce ( temp]ature is v great     
betwe5 ! n>r[1 %ad$ /reets & ! high1    
sunny ,p9cio4 ,if y h ! mis=tune to be (
 ! male sex1 & especially if y suff] "u 
! sorr[ ( ! fir/ great ,caes> 9 be+     
bald1 buy y\rself a little skullcap1 7x 
is z good z 8 laurels = ! purpose17 &   
put x on y\r head :5ev] y ent] ! *ur*es 
& cold gall]ies4 ,almo/ e fev] "h is !  
result ( sudd5ly *eck$ transpiration ( !
 sk92 & if y w take ! precaution to cool
 y\rself be=e ent]+ *ur*es & gall]ies1 &
 n to expose y\rself :ile w>m to sudd5  
*anges ( temp]ature1 y may live tw5ty   
ye>s 9 ,rome )\t a fev]4 ,d n /& 9      
draughts ( cold air1 & %ut y\r w9d[s :5 
y g to b$4 ,!re is no?+ an ,italian fe>s
 l a curr5t ( air1 & ) reason4 ,he w    
nev] sit betwe5 two doors or two w9d[s4 
,if he has walk$ to see y & is 9 ! lea/ 

w>m1 pray him to keep 8 hat on until he 
is cool1 if y w\ld be c\rte\s to him4 ,y
 w f9d t he w always use ! same         
g5tilezza to y4 ,! reason :y y %\ld %ut 
y\r w9d[s at night is v simple4 ,!      
night-air is inv>iably damp & cold1     
contra/+ greatly ) ! w>m? ( ! day1 & x  
is !n t ! miasma f ! ,campagna drifts   
into ! city4 ,& oh1 my ,am]ican fri5ds6 
repress y\r national love = hot rooms & 
great fires1 & d n make an ov5 ( y\r    
salon4 ,bake y\rselves1 kiln-dry        
y\rselves1 if y *oose1 9 y\r furnac$    
h\ses at home1 b1 if y value y\r heal?1 
re=m t altoge!r 9 ,italy4 ,increase y\r 
clo?+ & suppress y\r fires1 & y w f9d   
y\rselves bett] 9 head & 9 pocket4 ,)   
y\r great fires y w always be cold &    
always h colds2 = ! h\ses are n tight1 &
 y only create great draughts !reby4 ,y 
w n p]suade an ,italian to sit ne>      
!m2--,scusa1 ,signore he w say1 mi fa   
male2 se non gli dispiace1 mi metto 9   
que/o cantone1--& ) y\r p]mission he    
takes ! f>!/ corn] away f ! fire4 ,sev5 

w9t]s 9 ,rome h conv9c$ me ( !          
correctness ( _! rule4 ,( c\rse1 y d n  
believe me or !m2 b x w\ld be bett] = y1
 if y did1--& = me1 too1 :5 ,i come to  
visit y4  ,b ,i mu/ beg p>don = all ?is 
advice2 & z my bus9ess is n to write a  
m$ical !sis "h1 let me return to        
pleasant] ?+s4  ,sc>cely does ! sun drop
 beh9d ,/4 ,pet]'s on ! fir/ day ( ,may1
 be=e bonfires beg9 to blaze f all !    
c\ntry t[ns on ! m\nta9-sides1 %[+ l    
great beacons4 ,?is is a cu/om f\nd$ 9  
great antiquity1 & common to ! ,nor? &  
,s\?4 ,! fir/ ( ,may is ! ,fe/ival ( !  
,holy ,apo/les 9 ,italy2 b 9 ,g]many1 & 
/ill f>!r nor?1 9 ,sw$5 & ,norway1 x is 
,walpurgisna*t1--:5 gobl9s1 wit*es1     
hags1 & devils hold high holiday1 m\nt+ 
on _! brooms = ! ,brock54 ,& x 0 on ?is 
night t ,mephi/opheles c>ri$ ,fau/ on 8 
wondr\s ride1 & %[$ him ! spectre (     
,m>g>et ) ! r$ l9e r\nd h] ?roat4 ,miss 
,brem]1 9 h] ,life 9 ,dalec>lia1 gives !
 foll[+ acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( ?is          
cu/om3--,x is s old1 %e says1 t !re is  

no p]fect c]ta9ty ei!r ( its orig9 or   
signification4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 believ$ t x
 d]ives its orig9 f a hea!n             
sacrificatory fe/ival2 & !re is gr\nd = 
! acceptation t *ildr5 7 sacrific$ alive
 at ?is v fea/1--& ?is1 9 fact1 9 ord]  
to expel or reconcile ! evil spirits1 ( 
:om ! p believ$1 t1 p>tly fly+1 p>tly   
rid+1 !y comm5c$ _! passages ov] fields 
& woods at ! beg9n+ ( spr+1 & :i* are to
 ?is day call$ en*ant]s1 wit*es1 nymphs1
 & s =?4 ,x is also believ$ t ab\t ?is  
"t ! spirits ( ! e>? came =? f out ( !  
bosom ( ! e>? & ! he>t ( ! m\nta9s 9    
ord] to seek int]c\rse ) ! *ildr5 ( m54 
,fires 7 frequ5tly k9dl$ ^u ! sepul*ral 
hills1 & at ^!1 sacrifices 7 (f]$1      
*iefly to ! good p[]s1 namely1 to ^? :o 
provide = a fruitful ye>4 ,at pres5t ,i 
%\ld sc>cely ?9k !re is an individual :o
 believes 9 su* sup]/iti\s /uff4 ,b !y  
/ill1 z 9 days ( yore1 k9dle fires ^u ! 
m\nta9s on ?is night1 & /ill look ^u x z
 a bad om51 if any common or ugly-=m$   
creature1 :e!r bea/ or man1 makes its   

appe>ance at ! fire4  ,9 ! ,neapolitan  
t[ns great fires are built on ?is       
fe/ival1 ar\nd :i* ! p dance1 jump+     
?r\gh ! flames1 & fl++ !mselves ab\t 9 e
 wild & fanta/ic attitude4 ,x is        
probably a relic ( "s old sacrificatory 
fe/ival to ,maia1 :o has giv5 h] "n to  
?is mon?1--! cu/om /ill rema9+ aft] its 
significance is gone4  ,! mon? ( ,may is
 ! culm9ation ( ! spr+ & ! season (     
seasons at ,rome4 ,no wond] t =eign]s :o
 h come :5 w9t] sets 9 & take w+ be=e   
,april %[s h] sky sometimes gr[l at !   
wea!r1 & ask if ?is is ! beautiful      
,italian clime4 ,!y h simply select$ !  
ra9y season = _! visit2 & "o _c expect  
to h sun ! :ole ye> ?r\gh1 )\t          
int]mission4 ,:]e w !y f9d m sun 9 !    
same season8 :]e w !y f9d mild] & s(t]  
air8 ,days ev5 9 ! middle ( w9t]1 &     
sometimes weeks1 desc5d z x 7 f heav5 to
 fill ! s\l ) delight2 & a lovely day 9 
,rome is loveli] ?an "u any o!r sky on  
e>?4 ,b j :5 =eign]s g away 9 cr[ds1 !  
wea!r is settl+ into ! p]fection ( spr+1

 & !n x is t ,rome is mo/ *>m+4 ,! ra9s 
are ov]1 ! sun is a daily bless+1 all   
,nature is bur/+ into leaf & fl[]1 & "o 
may sp5d days on ! ,campagna )\t fe> (  
colds & fev]4 ,/ay 9 ,rome dur+ ,may1 if
 y wi% to feel its beauty4  ,! be/ rule 
= a travell] :o desires to enjoy ! *>ms 
( e clime w\ld be to g to ! ,nor? 9 !   
w9t] & to ! ,s\? 9 ! spr+ & summ]4 ,cold
 is ! speciality ( ! ,nor?1 & all its   
sports & gayeties take !nce _! tone4 ,! 
h\ses are built to %ut out ! demon (    
,fro/1 & protect "o f 8 assaults ( ice &
 sn[4 ,let him h[l ab\t y\r w9d[s &     
scrawl 8 wond]ful l&scapes on y\r panes 
& pile 8 fanta/ic wrea?s outside1 :ile y
 draw r\nd ! blaz+ he>? & enjoy !       
artificial heat & w>m 9 ! social conv]se
 t he provokes4 ,y\r pun* is all ! bett]
 = 8 ?reats2 by contra/ y enjoy ! m4 ,or
 brave him outside 9 a fly+ sl$ge1 c>e]+
 ) jangl+ bells ov] :ite wa/es ( sn[1   
:ile ! />s1 z y g1 fly ?r\gh ! nak$     
trees t are glitt]+ ) ice-jewels1 & y\r 
blood t+les ) excitem5t1 & y\r brea? is 

bl[n l a :ite inc5se to ! skies4 ,t is !
 real ,nor?4 ,h[ tame he w look to y1 :5
 y g back 9 ,augu/ & f9d a few h>d      
apples1 a few t\gh plums1 & "s s\r      
little ?+s :i* are apologies = grapes6  
,he looks sneaky en\gh !n1 ) 8          
make-believe summ]1 & all 8 furs (f4    
,no1 !n is ! "t = ! ,s\?4 ,all is simm]+
 outside1 & ! locu/ saws & %rills till  
he seems to heat ! air4 ,y /ay 9 ! h\se 
at noon1 & "k :at a virtue !re is 9 ?ick
 walls :i* keep out ! fi]ce heats1 9    
gap+ w9d[s & doors t w n %ut because y  
ne$ ! v5tilation4 ,y w n n[ compla9 ( ! 
/one & brick floors t y curs$ all w9t]  
long1 & on :i* y n[ spr9kle wat] to keep
 ! air cool 9 y\r rooms4 ,! blund]s &   
/upidities ( w9t] are all ov]4 ,! breezy
 loggia is no long] a joke4 ,y are glad 
en\gh to sit !re & dr9k y\r w9e & look  
ov] ! l&scape4 ,manuccia br+s 9 a great 
basket ( grapes t are grapes1 :i* ! wasp
 envies y z y eat1 & comes to %>e4 ,& "h
 are lusci\s figs bur/+ ) se$y          
sweetness1 & apricots ru/$ 9 ! sun1 &   

velvety pea*es t break into juice 9 y\r 
m\?1 & great black-se$$ cocom]i4 ,nature
 empties h] cornucopia ( fruits & fl[]s 
& vegetables all ov] y\r table4         
,luxuri\sly y enjoy !m & fan y\rself &  
take y\r sie/a1 ) full appreciation (   
y\r dolce f> ni5te4 ,:5 ! sun beg9s to  
slope we/w>d1 if y are 9 ! c\ntry1 y w&]
 ?r\gh ! gre5 lanes fe/oon$ ) v9es &    
pluck ! grapes z y g2 or1 if y are 9 !  
city1 y saunt] ! ev5+ long ?r\gh !      
/reets1 :]e all ! _w are /roll+1 & take 
y\r granito ( ice or %]bet1 & talk ov] !
 ?+s ( ! day & ! "t1 & pass z y g home  
gr\ps ( s+]s & s]5ad]s ) guit>s1 flutes1
 & viol9s1--s]5ade1 p]haps1 sometimes1  
y\rself2 & all ! "t ! great planets &   
/>s palpitate 9 ! ne> heav5s1 & ! s(t   
air full ( fragrance bl[s aga9/ y\r     
*eek4 ,& y c really say1 ,?is is ,italy6
 ,= x is n :at y d1 s mu* z :at y feel1 
t makes ,italy4  ,b pray rememb]1 :5 y g
 !re1 t 9 ! ,s\? e arrangem5t is made = 
! n9e hot mon?s1 & n = ! ?ree cold &    
ra9y ones y *oose to sp5d !re1 & p]haps 

y\r views may be some:at modifi$ 9      
respect ( ?is mis]able p1 :o1 y say1 h  
no idea ( com=t1--mean+1 ( c\rse1       
,engli% com=t4 ,p]haps1 ,i say2 = x is 9
 ! nature ( travell]s to come to sudd5  
conclusions ^u slight premises1 to      
ma9ta9 ) ob/9acy preconceiv$ notions1 & 
to qu>rel ) all national traits except  
_! own4 ,& be+ ,engli%1 unless y h a    
fri5d 9 ,india :o has made y aw>e t     
cane-bottom *airs are ,india-,engli%1 y 
w be pretty sure to believe t !re is no 
com=t )\t c>pets & coal2 or be+ an      
,am]ican1 y w be apt to und]value a     
gall]y ( pictures ) only a ?ree-ply     
c>pet on ! floor1 & to calculate1 t1 if 
!y c\ld see y\r h\se 9 ,wa%+ton ,/reet1 
!y w\ld feel r a%am$4 ,h[ev]1 !re is a  
great deal ( human nature 9 mank9d1     
:]ev] y g1--except 9 ,p>is1 p]haps1 :]e 
,nature is r inhuman & artificial4 ,& :5
 ,i in/ance ! ,engli%man & ,am]ican z   
mak+ false judgm5ts1 let me n be        
misund]/ood z suppos+ !m ! only nations 
9 t category4 ,no1 no6 did n my ,p>isian

 acqua9tance ! o!r day assure me v      
gravely1 aft] lam5t+ ! absurdity ( !    
,italians' n speak+ ,fr5* in/ead ( _!   
own language1--,b1 ,sir1 :at is ?is     
,italian8 no?+ b bad ,fr5*6--& did n    
ano!r ( t same poli%$ nation1 9 describ+
 8 travels to ,naples1 say1 9 answ] to !
 "q1 :e!r he _h se5 ! gr& old temples ( 
,pae/um1--,ah1 yes1 ,i h se5 ,pae/um2   
'tis a dete/able c\ntry6--l ! ,campagna 
( ,rome8 ,i am p]fectly aw>e t !re are  
diff]5ces ( op9ion4  ,let me1 !n1 beg y 
to rema9 9 ,rome dur+ ! m\? ( ,may1 if y
 c possibly make y\r arrangem5ts to d s4
  ,may is ! mon? ( ! ,madonna1 & on e   
fe/a-day y w see at ! corn]s ( ! /reets 
a little improvis$ %r9e1 or x may be    
only a fe/oon$ pr9t ( ! ,madonna hung   
aga9/ ! walls ( "s h\se or aga9/ ! back 
( a *air1 & t5d$ by two or ?ree *ildr51 
:o hold out to y a plate1 z y pass1 &   
beg = *>ity1 sometimes1 ,i confess1 9 ! 
mo/ p]t9aci\s way1--! money ?us rais$ to
 be exp5d$ 9 oil = ! lamps be=e !       
,madonna %r9es 9 ! /reets4 ,! mona/]ies 

( nuns are also busy ) processions &    
celebrations 9 honor ( ! ,"m ( ,god1 :i*
 are c>ri$ on pleasantly )9 _! prec9cts 
& se5 only ( female fri5ds4 ,sometimes y
 w meet a procession ( ladies outside ! 
gates foll[+ a cross on foot1 :ile _!   
c>riages come aft] 9 a long file4 ,^!   
are societies :i* are mak+ ! pilgrimage 
( ! ,sev5 ,basilicas outside ! ,walls4  
,!y set out e>ly 9 ! morn+1 /opp+ 9 ea* 
basilica = a half-h\r to say _! pray]s1 
& return to ,rome at ,ave ,m>ia4  ,life1
 too1 is altoge!r *ang$ n[4 ,all ! w9d[s
 are wide op51 & !re is at lea/ "o head 
& %\ld]s lean+ out at e h\se4 ,& ! poor]
 families are all out on _! door-/eps1  
work+ & *att+ toge!r1 :ile _! *ildr5 run
 ab\t !m 9 ! /reets1 sprawl+1 play+1 &  
fight+4 ,_m a beautiful !me = ! arti/ is
 n[ to be f\nd 9 ^! c>eless & *>act]i/ic
 gr\ps2 & curly-head$ ,sa9t ,johns may  
be se5 9 e /reet1 half nak$1 ) great    
black eyes & r\nd$ arms & legs4 ,x is   
?is :i* makes ,rome s admirable a       
resid5ce = an arti/4 ,all ?+s are easy &

 c>eless 9 ! out-(-doors life ( ! common
 p1--all poses uns\ght1 all gr\p+s      
accid5tal1 all action unaffect$ &       
unconsci\s4 ,"o meets ,nature at e      
turn1--n brac$ up 9 prim =ms1 n consci\s
 9 mann]s1 n made up into ! fa%ionable  
or ! prop]1 b impulsive1 free1 & simple4
 ,) ! :ole /reet look+ on1 !y are z     
unconsci\s & natural z if !y 7 :]e no   
eye c\ld see !m1--ay1 & m natural1 too1 
?an x is possible = "s p to be1 ev5 9 ! 
privacy ( _! solit>y rooms4 ,!y s+ at ! 
top ( _! lungs z !y sit on _! door-/eps 
at _! "w1 & (t5 %\t f h\se to h\se      
across ! /reet a long conv]sation1 &    
sometimes ev5 read lett]s f upp] w9d[s  
to _! fri5ds bel[ 9 ! /reet4 ,! m5 &    
wom5 :o cry _! fruits1 vegetables1 &    
w>es up & d[n ! city1 lad5 ) baskets or 
panni]s1 & (t5 accompani$ by a donkey1  
/op to *at ) gr\p aft] gr\p1 or get into
 animat$ debates ab\t prices1 or ex]cise
 _! wits & lungs at once 9 rep>tee 9 a v
 amus+ way4 ,ev]ybody is 9 di%abille 9 !
 morn+1 b t[>ds twilight ! girls put on 

_! bett] dresses1 & comb _! glossy rav5 
hair1 heap+ x up 9 great solid braids1  
&1 hang+ two long gold5 e>-r+s 9 _! e>s 
& collane r\nd _! full necks1 come =?   
conqu]+ & to conqu]1 & saunt] b>e-head$ 
up & d[n ! /reets1 or l\nge ab\t !      
doorways or piazzas 9 gr\ps1 ready to   
give back to any je]] z good z he s5ds4 
,y see !m m>*+ along sometimes 9 a broad
 platoon ( five or six1 all _! br[s z   
/raight z if !y _h be5 rul$1 & _! great 
d>k eyes fla%+ out "u !m1 ready 9 a     
mom5t = a laugh or a fr[n4 ,:at /alw>t  
creatures !y are6 ,:at %\ld]s1 bosoms1 &
 backs !y h6 :at a *ance = ! lungs "u ^?
 /\t bu/i6 & :at f9i%$ & elegant heads6 
,!y are c]ta9ly ca/ 9 a l>ge m\ld1 )    
no?+ belittl$ or meagre ab\t !m1 ei!r 9 
feature or figure4  ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ y w 
see /ream+ ?r\gh ! /reets or ga!r$      
toge!r 9 picturesque gr\ps1 "s /&+1 "s  
c\*+ on ! pavem5t1 h]ds ( long-hair$    
goats1 br[n & :ite & black1 :i* h be5   
driv51 or r :i* h foll[$ _! %eph]d1 into
 ! city to be milk$4 ,! maje/ical1      

long-be>d$1 patri>*al rams %ake _! bells
 & p>ade solemnly r\nd1--:ile ! silk5   
females clatt] _! little ho(s z !y run f
 ! h& ( ! milk] :5 he has fill$ 8 c4 ,! 
%eph]d is kept pretty busy1 too1 milk+  
at ev]ybody's door2 & be=e ! fa%ionable 
_w is up at n9e1 ! milk is gone & !     
goats are (f4  ,y may "k t x is ,may by 
! orange & lemon /&s1 :i* are erect$ 9  
almo/ e piazza4 ,^! are little boo?s    
cov]$ ) canvas1 & fanta/ically adorn$ ) 
lemons & oranges int]mix$1 :i*1 pil$    
into pyramids & dispos$ ab\t ev]y:]e1 h 
a v gay effect4 ,!y are g5]ally plac$   
ne> a f\nta91 ! wat] ( :i* is conduct$  
?r\gh a canna into ! c5tre ( ! boo?1 &  
!re1 f9d+ its own level aga91 makes a   
little spill+ f\nta9 f :i* ! bibite are 
dilut$4 ,"h = a baiocco "o buys lemonade
 or orangeade & all sorts ( curi\s      
little dr9ks or bibite1 ) a feeble ta/e 
( anisette or "s o!r h]b to take (f !   
mawki%ness ( ! wat]1--or = a            
half-baiocco "o may h ! lemonade )\t    
sug>1 & 9 ?is way x is usually drunk4   

,on all fe/a-days1 little portable      
tables are c>ri$ r\nd ! /reets1 hung to 
! neck ( ! limon>o1 & set d[n at        
conv5i5t spots1 or :5ev] a cu/om]       
pres5ts himself1 & ! cries ( ,acqua     
fresca1--limon>o1 limon>o1--*i vuol b]e8
 are he>d on all sides2 & ,i c assure y1
 t1 aft] /&+ on tiptoe = an h\r 9 ! heat
 & /ra9+ y\r neck & head to get sight ( 
"s ,*ur* procession1 y are glad en\gh to
 g to ! extravagance ( ev5 a lemonade ) 
sug>2 & smack+ y\r lips1 y bless !      
in/itution ( ! limon>o z "o :i* mu/ h   
be5 e>ly in/itut$ by ! ,good ,sam>itan4 
,li/5 to 8 own description ( himself 9  
"o ( ! popul> canzonetti sung ab\t !    
/reets by w&]+ musicians to !           
accompanim5t ( a viol9 & guit>3--    ,ma
 p] altro son uomo +egnoso1     ,non    
possi$o1 ma sono padrone2     ,v5do l'  
acqua con spirto e limone   ,f9*e dura  
d' e/ate il calor4    ,ho an capello di 
paglia1--ma bello6     ,un z9ale di     
sopra f9o2     ,*i mi oss]va nel mio    
tavol9o1   ,gli vi5 sete1 se sete non   

ha4    ,spaccio spirti1 siroppi1        
acquavite     ,fo 'ranciate di nuova    
inv5zione2     ,voi v$ete quante p]sone 
,*i$on acqua1--e rispondo1--,son qu6  ,!
 limon>o is ! expon5t1 ! algebraic p[]1 
( ! ,*ur* processions :i* ab\nd ?is     
mon?2 & he is z fai?ful to !m z ,boswell
 to ,johnson2--:]ev] !y appe>1 he is !re
 to console & refre%4 ,nor is 8 (fice a 
s9ecure n[2 & let u hope t he has 8     
small pr(its1 z well z ! ,*ur*1--?\gh !y
 spell !irs diff]5tly4  ,! great        
procession ( ! ye> takes place ?is mon? 
on ,corpus ,dom9i1 & is well wor? see+1 
z be+ ! v f9e/ & mo/ *>act]i/ic ( all ! 
,*ur* fe/ivals4 ,x 0 in/itut$ 9 honor ( 
! fam\s miracle at ,bols5a1 :5 ! waf]   
dripp$ blood1 & is1 !re=e1 9            
commemoration ( "o ( ! c>d9al doctr9es (
 ! ,roman ,*ur*1 ,transub/antiation1 &  
"o ( its mo/ !ological miracles4 ,!     
,papal procession takes place 9 ! morn+1
 9 ! piazza ( ,sa9t ,pet]'s2 & if y w\ld
 be sure ( x1 y mu/ be on ! spot z soon 
z eight o'clock at ! late/4 ,! :ole     

circle ( ! piazza itself is cov]$ ) an  
awn+1 fe/oon$ gayly ) g>l&s ( box1 "u   
:i* ! procession passes2 & ! gr\nd is   
cov]$ ) yell[ s&1 ov] :i* box & bay are 
/rewn4 ,! celebration comm5ces ) morn+  
mass 9 ! basilica1 & t ov]1 ! procession
 issues f "o door1 &1 mak+ ! :ole       
circuit ( ! piazza1 returns into ! *ur*4
 ,fir/ come ! ,sem9>i/i1 or s*ol>s &    
att5dants ( ! v>i\s hospitals &         
*>ity-s*ools1 su* z ,san ,mi*ele &      
,santo ,spirito1--all 9 :ite4 ,!n foll[ 
! br[n-c[l$1 long-be>d$ ,franciscans1 ! 
:ite ,c>melites1 & ! black ,b5$ict9es1  
be>+ light$ c&les & *ant+ ho>sely z !y  
g4 ,y may see pass be=e y n[ all !      
memb]s ( ^! diff]5t conv5tual ord]s t   
!re are 9 ,rome1 & h an admirable       
opportunity to /udy _! physiognomies 9  
mass4 ,if y are a conv]t to ,romanism1 y
 w p]haps f9d 9 _! bald beads & %av5    
cr[ns & be>d$ faces a noble expression (
 rev]5ce & humility2 b1 suff]+ z ,i d "u
 ! mis=tune ( be+ a h]etic1 ,i c\ld b   
rem>k on _! heads an enorm\s developm5t 

( ! two organs ( rev]5ce & firmness1 & a
 s+ul> defici5cy 9 ! upp] =ehead1 :ile  
!re 0 an almo/ univ]sal enl>gem5t ( !   
l[] jaw & ( ! base ( ! bra94 ,be+1      
un=tunately1 a fri5d ( ,phr5ology1 z    
well z a h]etic1 ,i drew no v auspici\s 
augury f ^! developm5ts2 & look+ into _!
 faces1 ! physiognomical traits 7       
n>r[-m9d$ness1 bigotry1 or cunn+4 ,!    
,b5$ict9e heads %[$ m intellect & w2 !  
,franciscans m dulness & good-nature4   
,b :ile ,i am criticiz+ !m1 !y are pass+
 by1 & a picturesque set ( fell[s !y    
are4 ,mu* z ,i dislike ! conv5tual cre$1
 ,i %\ld be sorry to see ! co/ume       
disappe>4 ,directly on ! heels ( _!     
pov]ty come ! ?ree spl5did triple cr[ns 
( ! ,pope1 glitt]+ ) gorge\s jewels1 &  
borne 9 triumph on silk5 embroid]$      
cu%ions1 & prec$$ by ! c\rt jewell]4    
,aft] !m foll[ ! *apt]s1 canons1 & *oirs
 ( ! sev5 basilicas1 *ant+ 9 l(ty altos 
& solid basses & cle> r++ t5ors f _! old
 ,*ur* books1 ea* basilica be>+ a       
typical t5t ( color$ /ripes & a wood5   

campanile & a bell :i* is con/antly     
rung4 ,next come ! canons ( ! *ur*es & !
 monsignori1 9 spl5did dresses & ri*    
capes ( beautiful lace fall+ bel[ _!    
wai/s2 ! bi%ops clad 9 clo? ( silv] )   
mitres on _! heads2 ! c>d9als brilliant 
9 gold embroid]y & gleam+ 9 ! sun2 & at 
la/ ! ,pope himself1 borne on a plat=m  
spl5did ) silv] & gold1 ) a ri* canopy  
ov] 8 head4 ,b5ea? ?is he kneels1 or r1 
seems to kneel2 =1 ?\gh 8 spl5did       
drap]ies & tra9 are skilfully arrang$ s 
z to pres5t ?is semblance1 be+ drawn    
beh9d him ov] two blocks :i* are s plac$
 z to repres5t 8 heels1 yet 9 fact he is
 seat$ on a sunk5 b5* or *air1 z any    
c>eful eye c pla9ly see4 ,h[ev]1 kneel+ 
or sitt+1 j z y w1 !re he is1 be=e an   
alt>1 hold+ up ! o/ia1 :i* is ! corpus  
,dom9i1 ! body ( ,god1 & surr\nd$ by    
(fic]s ( ! ,swiss gu>ds 9 glitt]+ armor1
 *amb]la9s 9 _! beautiful black &       
,spani% dresses ) ruffs & swords1       
att5dants 9 sc>let & purple co/umes1 & !
 gu>dia nobile 9 _! r$ dress uni=ms4    

,no?+ c\ld be m /rik+ ?an ?is gr\p4 ,x  
is ! v type ( ! ,*ur*1--pomp\s1 ri*1    
spl5did1 impos+4 ,aft] !m foll[ !       
dragoons m\nt$1--fir/ a company on black
 horses1 !n ano!r on bays1 & !n a ?ird  
on grays2 foot-soldi]s ) fla%+ bayonets 
br+ up ! re>1 & ! procession is ov]4 ,z 
! la/ soldi]s ent] ! *ur*1 !re is a /ir 
among ! gilt equipages ( ! c>d9als :i*  
l9e "o side ( ! piazza1--! horses toss  
_! sc>let plumes1 ! liv]i$ s]vants sway 
z ! c>riages lumb] on1 & y may sp5d a   
half-h\r hunt+ out y\r own humble       
vehicle1 if y h "o1 or ?rong homew>d on 
foot ) ! cr[d ?r\gh ! ,borgo & ov] !    
bridge ( ,sant' ,angelo4  ,?is gr&      
procession /rikes ! note ( all ! o!rs1 &
 9 ! aft]noon ea* p>i% br+s out its     
bann]s1 arrays itself 9 its *oice/      
dresses1 & ) pomp & music be>s ! o/ia   
?r\gh ! /reets1 ! cr[d kneel+ be=e x1 & 
! prie/s *ant+4 ,dur+ ! next ottava or  
eight days1 all ! processions take place
 9 honor ( ?is fe/ival2 & :5 ! week has 
pass$1 ev]y?+ ends ) ! ,papal procession

 9 ,sa9t ,pet]'s piazza1 :51 )\t music1 
& ) uncov]$ heads1 ! ,pope1 c>d9als1    
monsignori1 canons1 & ! re/ ( ! prie/s &
 (ficials1 make ! r\nd ( ! piazza1 be>+ 
great ,*ur* bann]s4  ,"o ( ! mo/ /rik+ (
 _! celebrations took place ?is ye> at !
 *ur* ( ,san ,rocco 9 ! ,ripetta1 :5 !  
*ur* 0 made spl5did ) light$ c&les &    
gold b&s1 & a prea*] held =? to a cr[d$ 
audi5ce 9 ! aft]noon4 ,at ,ave ,m>ia !re
 0 a great procession1 ) bann]s1 music1 
& tor*es1 & all ! ev5+ ! p saunt]$ to & 
fro 9 cr[ds be=e ! *ur*1 :]e a plat=m 0 
erect$ & drap$ ) old tape/ries1 f :i* a 
b& play$ con/antly4 ,d n believe1 my de>
 ,presbyt]ian fri5d1 t ^! spectacles    
fail deeply to affect ! common m9d4 ,s  
long z human nature rema9s ! same1 ?is  
spl5dor & pomp ( processions1 ^! light$ 
tor*es & ornam5t$ *ur*es1 ?is triumphant
 music & glad holiday ( religion w      
attract m ?an y\r pla9 conv5ticles1 y\r 
ugly meet+-h\ses1 & y\r compromise ) !  
bass-viol4 ,= my own "p1 ,i d n believe 
t music & pa9t+ & all ! o!r arts really 

belong to ! ,devil1 or t ,god gave him  
joy & beauty to deceive )1 & kept only !
 ugly1 s\r1 & sad = himself4 ,we are    
always bett] :5 we are happy2 & we are  
ab\t z sure ( be+ good :5 we are happy1 
z ( be+ happy :5 we are good4           
,*e]fulness & happ9ess are1 9 my humble 
op9ion1 duties & habits to be cultivat$2
 b1 if y don't ?9k s1 ,i c]ta9ly w\ld n 
d5y y ! privilege ( be+ wret*$3 don't   
let u qu>rel ab\t x4  ,r let u turn to !
 ,arti/s' ,fe/ival1 :i* takes place 9   
?is mon?1 & is "o ( ! great attractions 
( ! season4 ,=m]ly1 ?is fe/ival took    
place at ,c]b>a1 an anci5t ,etruscan t[n
 on ! ,campagna1 ( :i* only c]ta9       
subt]ranean caves rema94 ,b dur+ !      
revolution>y days :i* foll[$ ! disa/]s (
 #ahdh1 x 0 susp5d$ = two or ?ree ye>s  
by ! int]dict ( ! ,papal gov]nm5t1 & :5 
x 0 aga9 in/itut$1 ! place ( meet+ 0    
*ang$ to ,fid5ae1 ! site ( ano!r        
,etruscan t[n1 ) simil> subt]ranean     
excavations1 :i* 7 made ! head-qu>t]s ( 
! fe/ival4 ,b ! new railway to ,bologna 

hav+ be5 laid out directly ov] ?is      
gr\nd1 ! arti/s h be5 aga9 driv5 away1 &
 ?is ye> ! fe/a 0 held1 = ! fir/ "t1 9 !
 grove ( ,eg]ia1 "o ( ! mo/ beautiful   
spots on ! :ole ,campagna1--& "h x is to
 be hop$ x w h an abid+ re/4  ,?is      
fe/ival 0 in/itut$ by ! ,g]man arti/s1  
&1 ?\gh ! arti/s ( all nations n[ jo9 9 
x1 ! ,g]mans /ill rema9 its special     
patrons & directors4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+1 ! 
arti/s r5dezv\s at an appo9t$ o/]ia     
outside ! walls1 dress$ 9 e sort (      
grotesque & ludicr\s co/ume :i* c be    
imag9$4 ,all ! old dresses :i* c be     
rummag$ out ( ! /udios or !atres1 or    
piec$ toge!r f mask+ w>drobes1 are n[ 9 
requisition4 ,indians & ,*9ese1 anci5t  
w>riors & m$iaeval h]oes1 militia-m5 &  
,pun*es1 g5]als 9 top-boots & pigtails1 
doctors 9 gigantic wigs & small-clo!s1  
,fal/affs & ju/ices ) fair r\nd belly ) 
good capon l9$1 magnific5t foolscaps1   
wood5 swords ) t]rible inscriptions1    
gigantic *apeaus ) plumes made (        
vegetables1 9 a ^w1 e imag9able         

absurdity is to be se54 ,arriv$ at !    
place ( r5dezv\s1 !y all breakfa/1 & !n 
! l9e ( m>* is arrang$4 ,a great wood5  
c>t1 adorn$ ) qua9t devices1 g>l&$ )    
laurel & bay1 be>s ! presid5t &         
committee4 ,?is is drawn by great :ite  
ox51 :o are decorat$ ) wrea?s & fl[]s & 
gay trapp+s1 & f x floats ! noble bann] 
( ,c]b>a or ,fid5ae4 ,aft] ?is foll[s a 
/range & motley tra91--"s m\nt$ on      
donkeys1 "s on horses1 & "s afoot1--& ! 
l9e ( m>* is tak5 up = ! grove ( ,eg]ia4
 ,:at mad je/s & wild fun n[ take place 
x is impossible to describe2 suffice x  
to say1 t all are "r glad ( a little re/
 :5 !y rea* _! de/9ation4  ,n[ beg9 to  
/ream out f ! city hundr$s (            
c>riages1--= all ! _w w be abroad to-day
 to see1--& soon ! gre5 slopes are sw>m+
 ) gay cr[ds4 ,"s br+ ) !m a hamp] (    
provisions & w9e1 &1 spread+ !m on !    
grass1 lun* & d9e :5 & :]e !y w2 b ^? :o
 w\ld d9e ) ! arti/s mu/ h ! ord] ( !   
mezzo baiocco hang+ to _! buttonhole1   
:i* is di/ribut$ previ\sly 9 ,rome to   

all ! arti/s :o pur*ase tickets4 ,"s few
 !re are :o also be> ^u _! brea/s !     
nobl] m$al ( troppo m]ito1 ga9$ on      
previ\s days1 & ^? are look$ ^u ) due   
rev]5ce4  ,b be=e d9n] or lun* !re is a 
high c]emony to take place1--! great    
feature ( ! day4 ,x is ! mock-h]oic     
play4 ,?is ye> x 0 ! meet+ ( ,numa ) !  
nymph ,eg]ia at ! grotto2 & ?i!r w5t !  
fe/ive procession2 & ! prie/1 befillett$
 & drap$ 9 :ite1 burn$ ^u ! alt> z a    
sacrifice a great toy %eep1 ^: (f5ce    
smelt to heav52 & !n f ! ni*es sudd5ly  
appe>$ ,numa1 a gallant y\? 9           
spectacles1 & ,eg]ia1 a ,spani% arti/ ) 
:ite dress & fillet1 :o made v[s ov] !  
smok+ %eep1 & !n 7 escort$ back to !    
sacr$ grove ) fe/al music by a joy\s1   
turbul5t cr[d4  ,la/ ye>1 h[ev]1 at     
,fid5ae1 x 0 bett]4 ,we _h a trave/y ( !
 tak+ ( ,troy1 :i* 0 em95tly ludicr\s1 &
 :i* des]ves a bett] description ?an ,i 
c give4 ,troy 0 a space inclos$ )9 pap] 
b>ri]s1 ab\t brea/-high1 pa9t$ to pres5t
 a wall1 & )9 ^! 7 ! ,trojans1 clad 9   

r$1 & all we>+ gigantic pap] helmets4   
,!re 0 old ,priam1 9 spectacles1 ) 8    
cr[n & robes1--,laocon1 9 :ite1 ) a :ite
 wool be>d & wig1--,ulysses1 9 a long1  
yell[ be>d & mantle1--& ,a5eas1 ) a bald
 head1 9 a blue1 long-tail$ coat1 & tall
 dickey1 look+ l ! traditional          
,engli%man 9 ! circus :o comes to hire !
 horse4 ,! ,grecians 7 encamp$ at a %ort
 di/ance4 ,all _h r\nd1 basket-"w       
%ields1--"s ) _! names pa9t$ on !m 9    
great lett]s1 & "s ) an odd device1 su* 
z a cat or pig4 ,!re 7 ,ulysses1        
,agamemnon1 ,ajax1 ,ne/or1 ,patroclus1  
,diom$es1 ,a*illes1 all honorable m54 ,!
 drama comm5c$ ) ! issu+ ( ,p>is & ,hel5
 f ! walls ( ,troy1--he 9 a tall1 black 
,fr5* hat1 girdl$ ) a gilt cr[n1 & %e 9 
a :ite dress1 ) a great wig hang+ r\nd  
h] face 9 a pr(usion ( c>rotty curls4   
,que] figures en\gh !y 71 z !y /epp$    
along toge!r1 c>icatur+ love 9 a        
pantomime1 he mak+ t]rible demon/rations
 ( 8 ard5t passion1 & %e f9ally fall+ on
 8 neck 9 rapture4 ,?is ov]1 !y seat$   

!mselves ne> by two l>ge pa/ebo>d rocks1
 he sitt+ on 8 %ield & tak+ out 8 flute 
to play to h]1 :ile %e br\ght =? h]     
knitt+ & ogl$ him z he play$4 ,:ile !y 7
 ?us engag$1 came creep+ up ) ! /age    
/ride ( a d\ble /ep1 & dragg+ "o foot   
beh9d him1 ,m5elaus1 :om ,!rsites _h1   
meantime1 be5 taunt+1 by po9t+ at him   
two great ox-horns4 ,he walk$ all r\nd !
 lov]s1 pantomim+ rage & jeal\sy 9 !    
accr$it$ ballet /yle1 & !n1 sudd5ly     
approa*+1 cru%$ poor ,p>is's great black
 hat d[n ov] 8 eyes4 ,bo?1 v mu*        
fright5$1 !n took to _! heels & ru%$    
into ! city1 :ile ,m5elaus1 aft] %ak+   
,p>is's %ield1 9 defiance1 at ! walls1  
retir$ to ! ,grecian camp4 ,!n came !   
prep>ations = battle4 ,! ,trojans lean$ 
ov] _! pap] battlem5ts1 ) _! f+]s to _! 
noses1 twiddl+ !m 9 scorn1 :ile !       
,greeks %ook _! fi/s back at !m4 ,!     
battle n[ comm5c$ on ! r++-pla9s (      
,troy1 & 0 em95tly absurd4 ,p>is1 9 hat 
& pantaloons1 7 la mode de ,p>is17 soon 
%[$ ! :ite fea!r1 & incont95tly fl$4    

,ev]ybody hit n[h]e1 fi]cely /rik+ !    
gr\nd or ! %ields1 & always c>efully    
avoid+1 z on ! /age1 to hit 9 ! "r      
place4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 ,patroclus 0     
kill$1 :]eupon ! battle 0 susp5d$1 & a  
gr& tableau ( surprise & horror took    
place1 f :i* at la/ !y recov]$1 & !     
,greeks prep>$ to c>ry him (f on _!     
%\ld]s4 ,!n t]rible to behold 0 ! grief 
( ,a*illes4 ,hom] himself w\ld h wept to
 see him4 ,he flung himself on ! body1 &
 %riek$1 & tore 8 hair1 & viol5tly %ook 
! corpse1 :i*1 "u su* demon/rations1 n[ 
& !n kick$ up4 ,f9ally1 he rises &      
*all5ges ,hector to s+le combat1 & out  
comes ! valiant ,trojan1 & a duel ensues
 ) wood5 axes4 ,su* bl[s & c\nt] bl[s 7 
nev] se51 only !y nev] hit1 b (t5 :irl$ 
! w>rior :o dealt !m completely r\nd2 !y
 tumbl$ ov] _! own bl[s1 pant$ ) feign$ 
rage1 lo/ _! robes & great pa/ebo>d     
helmets1 & 7 ev5 m absurd ?an ,ri*mond &
 ,ri*>d ev] 7 on ! c\ntry bo>ds at a    
fif?-rate !atre4 ,b ,hector is at la/   
sla9 & borne away1 & a ludicr\s lay     

figure is laid out to repres5t him1 )   
bung$-up eyes & a g5]al flabb9ess ( body
 & want ( features1 *>m+ to behold4 ,on 
_! necks ! ,trojans be> him to _! walls1
 & ) a sudd5 j]k pit* him ov] !m head   
fir/1 & he tumbles1 9 a heap1 into !    
city4 ,!n ,ulysses h>angues ! ,greeks4  
,he has br\ght out a qu>t]uola b>rel (  
w9e1 :i*1 ) mo/ expressive pantomime1 he
 %[s to be ! wood5 horse t mu/ be c>ri$ 
into ,troy4 ,8 proposition is joyfully  
accept$1 &1 accompani$ by all1 he rolls 
! cask up to ! walls1 &1 fl\ri%+ a t9   
cup 9 "o h&1 invites ! ,trojans to      
p>take4 ,at fir/ !re is confusion 9 !   
city1 & f+]s are twiddl$ ov] ! walls1 b 
aft] a "t all g out & dr9k1 & become    
ludicr\sly drunk1 & /agg] ab\t1 embrac+ 
ea* o!r 9 ! mo/ maudl9 /yle4 ,ev5 ,hel5 
h]self comes out1 gets tipsy ) ! re/1 & 
dances ab\t l ! mo/ disreputable (      
,ma5ades4 ,a great sc5a1 h[ev]1 takes   
place z !y are ab\t to dr9k4 ,laocon1   
got up 9 :ite wool1 appe>s1 & viol5tly  
endeavors to dissuade !m1 b 9 va94 ,9 ! 

mid/ ( 8 h>angue1 a long /r+ ( bl[n up  
sausage-sk9s is dragg$ 9 = ! s]p5t1 &   
sudd5ly ca/ ab\t 8 neck4 ,8 sons & he !n
 =m a gr\p1 ! sausage-snake is tw9$ ab\t
 !m1--only ! old /ory is rev]s$1 & he   
bites ! s]p5t in/ead ( ! s]p5t bit+     
him1--& all die 9 agony1 trave/y+ !     
anci5t gr\p4  ,all1 be+ n[ drunk1 g 91 &
 ,ulysses ) !m4 ,a quantity ( /raw is   
k9dl$1 ! smoke rises1 ! ,greeks approa* 
& da% 9 ! pap] walls ) clubs1 & all is  
confusion4 ,!n ,a5eas1 9 8 blue         
long-tail$ circus-coat1 broad :ite hat1 
& tall %irt-coll>1 c>ries (f old        
,an*ises on 8 %\ld]s ) a cig> 9 8 m\?1 &
 be>s him to a pa9t$ section ( a vessel1
 :i* is rock$ to & fro by h&1 z if      
viol5tly agitat$ by ! waves4 ,a5eas &   
,an*ises ent] ! boat1 or r /& beh9d x s 
z to conceal _! legs1 & (f x sets1 rock$
 to & fro con/antly1--,aeolus &         
,tramontana foll[+ beh9d1 ) bell[s to   
bl[ up a w9d1 & ,fair ,wea!r1 ) 8 "n    
writt5 on big back1 accompany+ !m4 ,!   
viol5t motion1 h[ev]1 soon makes ,a5eas 

sick1 & z he leans ov] ! side 9 a       
helpless & melan*oly mann]1 & almo/     
gives up ! gho/1 z well z m mat]ial ?+s1
 ! cr[d bur/ into laught]4 ,h[ev]1 at   
la/ !y rea* two pa9t$ rocks1 & f\nd     
,latium1 & a g5]al rejoic+ takes        
place4--,! donkey :o 0 to h end$ all by 
dragg+ ! body ( ,hector r\nd ! walls    
came too late1 & ?is "p ( ! programme   
did n take place4  ,s mu* ( ! ent]ta9m5t
 ov]1 prep>ations are made = d9n]4 ,9 ! 
grove ( ,eg]ia ! plates are spread 9    
circles1 :ile all ! company s+ "p-songs 
& dance4 ,at la/ all is ready1 ! signal 
is giv51 & ! fea/ takes place aft] ! mo/
 ru/ic mann]4 ,great b>rels ( w9e cov]$ 
) gre5 bran*es /& at "o side1 f :i*     
flagons are fill$ & pass$ r\nd1 & ! good
 appetites soon make direful gaps 9 !   
beef & mighty plates ( lettuce4 ,aft]   
?is1 & a little saunt]+ ab\t =          
dige/ion's sake1 come ! aft]noon sports4
 ,& !re are donkey races1 & tilt+ at a  
r+1 & foot-races1 & runn+ 9 sacks4 ,no?+
 c be m picturesque ?an ! sc5e1 ) its   

motley masqu]ad]s1 its cr[ds (          
spectators seat$ along ! slopes1 its    
little t5ts "h & !re1 its races 9 !     
valley1 &1 above all1 ! glori\s m\nta9s 
look+ d[n f ! di/ance4 ,n till ! gold5  
light slopes ov] ! ,campagna1 gild+ !   
skeletons ( aqu$ucts1 & draw+ a delicate
 veil ( beauty ov] ! m\nta9s1 c we te>  
ourselves away1 & rattle back 9 our     
c>riage to ,rome4  ,! weal?y ,roman     
families1 :o h villas 9 ! imm$iate      
vic9ity ( ,rome1 n[ leave ! city to sp5d
 a mon? 9 !m & brea! ! fre% air ( spr+4 
,_m & _m a tradesman :o is well to d 9 !
 _w has a little vigna outside ! gates1 
:]e he raises vegetables & grapes & o!r 
fruits2 & e fe/a-day y w be sure to f9d 
him & 8 family out 9 8 little villetta1 
w&]+ ab\t ! gr\nds or sitt+ b5ea? 8     
arbors1 smok+ & *att+ ) 8 *ildr5 ar\nd  
him4 ,8 fri5ds :o h no villas ( _! own  
"h visit him1 & (t5 !re is a consid]able
 company ?us collect$1 :o1 if "o may    
judge f _! *e]ful c\nt5ances & mu*      
laught]1 enjoy !mselves mightily4 ,knock

 at any ( ^! villa-gates1 &1 if y happ5 
to h ! acqua9tance ( ! own]1 or are     
evid5tly a /rang] ( respectability1 y w 
be receiv$ ) mu* hospitality1 invit$ to 
p>take ( ! fruit & w9e1 & ov]:elm$ )    
?anks = y\r g5tilezza :5 y take y\r     
leave2 = ! ,italians are a mo/          
good-natur$ & social p1 & no?+ pleases  
!m bett] ?an a /rang] :o breaks ! common
 r\nd ( topics by acc\nts ( 8 own l&4   
,ev]y?+ new is to !m wond]ful1 j z x is 
to a *ild4 ,!y are cr$ul\s ( ev]y?+ y   
tell !m ab\t ,am]ica1 :i* is to !m 9 "s 
measure :at x 0 to ! ,engli% 9 ! days ( 
,raleigh1 ,drake1 & ,hawk9s1 & say ,p]  
,bacco6 to e new /atem5t4 ,& !y are s   
magnific5tly ignorant1 t y h c>te blan*e
 = y\r /ories4 ,nev] did ,i "k any "o   
/agg]$ by any?+ ,i *ose to say1 b once4 
,i 0 walk+ ) my respectable old padrone1
 ,nisi1 ab\t 8 little g>d5 "o day1 :5 an
 ambition to "k some?+ ab\t ,am]ica     
inflam$ 8 brea/4  ,are !re any m\nta9s8 
he ask$4  ,i told him ,yes1 &1 ) a      
*uckle ( delight1 he cri$1--  ,p]       

,bacco6 ,& h y any cities8  ,yes1 a few 
little ones1--= ,i ?\ght ,i w\ld s+     
small1 contr>y to ! g5]al ',ercles ve9 (
 my c\ntrym54 ,he 0 evid5tly pleas$ t !y
 7 small1 &1 swell+ ) natural pride1    
said1--  ,l>ge z ,rome1 ( c\rse1 !y c\ld
 n be2 !n1 aft] a mom5t1 he add$1       
int]rogatively1 ,& riv]s1 too1--h y any 
riv]s8  ,a few1 ,i answ]$4  ,b n z l>ge 
z our ,tib]1 he repli$1--feel+ assur$1  
t1 if ! cities 7 small] ?an ,rome1 z a  
necess>y consequ5ce1 ! riv]s t fl[$ by  
!m mu/ be 9 ! same category4  ,! bait n[
 (f]$ 0 too tempt+4 ,i measur$ my       
respectable & some:at obese fri5d       
c>efully ) my eye1 = a mom5t1 & !n hurl$
 ?is t]rible fact at him3--  ,we h "s   
riv]s ?ree ?\s& miles long4  ,! effect 0
 awful4 ,he /ood & />$ at me1 z if      
petrifi$1 = a mom5t4 ,!n ! blood ru%$   
into 8 face1 &1 turn+ on 8 heel1 he took
 (f 8 hat1 said sudd5ly1 ,buona s]a1 &  
c>ri$ my fact & 8 op9ions toge!r up into
 8 private room4 ,i am afraid t ,don    
,pietro decid$1 on consid]ation1 t ,i _h

 be5 tak+ unw>rantable lib]ties ) him1 &
 exce$+ all prop] b\nds1 9 my attempt to
 impose on 8 good-nature4 ,f t "t =w>d  
he ask$ me no m que/ions ab\t ,am]ica4  
,& "h1 by ! way1 ,i am rem9d$ ( an      
incid5t1 :i*1 ?\gh n exactly p]t95t1 may
 f9d "h a p>5!tical place1 m]ely z      
illu/rat+ "s po9ts ( ,italian "*4 ,"o   
fact & two names relat+ to ,am]ica !y "k
 univ]sally1--,columbus & 8 discov]y (  
,am]ica1 & ,wa%+ton4  ,s1 ,signore1 said
 a respectable p]son "s "t s9ce1 z he 0 
driv+ me to see a c>riage :i* he wi%$ to
 sell me1 & !re=e desir$ to be          
p>ticul>ly polite to me & my nation1--a 
great man1 y\r ,va%9toni6 b ,i 0 sorry  
to he>1 ! o!r day1 t 8 fa!r _h di$ 9    
,london4  ,8 fa!r dead1 & 9 ,london8 ,i 
/amm]$1 completely conf\nd$ at ?is      
extraord9>y news1 & fe>+ le/ ,i _h be5  
too /upid 9 misund]/&+ him4  ,yes1 he   
said1 x is too true t 8 fa!r ,vell9toni 
is dead4 ,i read x 9 ! ,di>io di ,roma4 
,b bett] ?an ?is 0 ! +5i\s argum5t ( a  
,frate1 :om ,i met on bo>d a /eam] 9 go+

 f ,leghorn to ,g5oa1 & :o1 hav+ pump$  
out ! fact t ,i 0 an ,am]ican1          
imm$iately began to improve x 9 a       
disc\rse on ,columbus4 ,s he in=m$ me t 
,columbus 0 an ,italian1 & t he _h      
discov]$ ,am]ica1 & 0 a rem>kable man2  
to all ( :i* ,i readily ass5t$1 z be+   
true1 if n new4 ,b n[ a sev]e ab/ract "q
 began to tax my fri5d's p[]s4 ,he said1
 ,b h[ c\ld he ev] h imag9$ t ! cont95t 
( ,am]ica 0 !re8 ,t's ! "q4 ,x is       
extraord9>y inde$6 ,& s he sat cogitat+1
 & say+1 at int]vals1 ,curioso6         
,/raord9>io6 ,at la/ a light broke 9 ^u 
8 bra94 ,"s little bird :isp]$ ! secret4
 ,8 face light5$1 &1 look+ at me1 he    
said1 ,p]haps he may h read t x 0 !re 9 
"s old book1 & s w5t to see if x 7 or   
no4 ,va9ly ,i endeavor$ to %[ him t ?is 
view w\ld deprive ,columbus ( 8 greate/ 
di/9ction4 ,he answ]$ inv>iably1 ,b )\t 
hav+ read x1 h[ c\ld he ev] h kn[n      
x8--?us putt+ ! e>? ^u ! tortoise &     
leav+ ! tortoise to acc\nt = 8 own      
support4  ,imag9e t ,i h told y ^!      

/ories sitt+ "u ! v9e & fig-tree ( "s   
villetta1 :ile ,angiol9a has gone to    
call ! padrone1 :o w only be too glad to
 see y4 ,b1 ecco6 at la/ our padrone    
comes4 ,no1 x is n ! padrone1 x is !    
vign>ualo1 :o takes c>e ( 8 grapes &    
g>d51 & :o recognizes u z fri5ds ( !    
padrone1 & tells u t we are ourselves   
padroni ( ! :ole place1 & (f]s u all    
sorts ( fruits4  ,"o old cu/om1 :i*     
exi/$ 9 ,rome "s fifte5 ye>s ago1 has n[
 pass$ away ) o!r good old ?+s4 ,x 0 !  
celebration ( ! ,fravolata or           
,/rawb]ry-,fea/1 :5 m5 9 gala-dress at !
 height ( ! /rawb]ry-season w5t 9       
procession ?r\gh ! /reets1 c>ry+ on _!  
heads enorm\s wood5 platt]s heap$ ) ?is 
delici\s fruit1 accompani$ by girls 9   
co/ume1 :o1 beat+ _! tamburelli1 danc$  
along at _! sides & sung ! praises ( !  
/rawb]ry4 ,aft] ?read+ ! /reets ( !     
city1 !y pass$ s++ out ( ! gates1 & at  
diff]5t places on ! ,campagna sp5t ! day
 9 fe/ive sports & _h an out-door d9n] &
 dance4  ,"o ( ^! fe/ivals /ill exi/s1  

h[ev]1 9 ! picturesque t[n ( ,g5zano1   
:i* lies above ! old crat] n[ fill$ ) ! 
/ill wat]s ( ,lake ,nemi1 & is call$ !  
,infiorata di ,g5zano1 ,! ,fl[]-,fe/ival
 ( ,g5zano4 ,x takes place on ! eigh?   
day ( ! ,corpus ,dom9i1 & receives its  
"n f ! popul> cu/om ( spread+ fl[]s ^u !
 pavem5ts ( ! /reets s z to repres5t    
h]aldic devices1 figures1 arabesques1 & 
all sorts ( ornam5tal designs4 ,! p are 
all dress$ 9 _! effective co/umes1--!   
girls 9 bu/i & silk5 skirts1 ) all _!   
corals & jewels on1 & ! m5 ) :ite /ock+s
 on _! legs1 _! velvet jackets dropp+   
ov] "o %\ld]1 & fl[]s & rosettes 9 _!   
conical hats4 ,! t[n is !n v gay1 !     
bells clang1 ! inc5se /eams f ! c5s] 9 !
 *ur*1 :]e ! organ peals & mass is said1
 & a brilliant procession m>*es ov] !   
/rewn fl[]-mosaic1 ) music & crucifixes 
& ,*ur*-bann]s4 ,hundr$s ( /rang]s1 too1
 are !re to look on2 & on ! ,ces>9i     
,piazza & "u ! %ad[ ( ! long av5ues (   
ilexes t lead to ! t[] are hundr$s (    
h&some girls1 ) _! sn[y tovaglie peak$  

ov] _! heads4 ,! rub & ?rum ( tamburelli
 & ! click+ ( ca/anets are he>d1 too1 z 
twilight comes on1 & ! salt]ello is     
danc$ by _m a gr\p4 ,?is is ! national  
,roman dance1 & is nam$ f ! little jump+
 /ep :i* *>act]izes x4 ,any numb] (     
c\ples dance x1 ?\gh ! dance is p]fect )
 two4 ,"s ( ! movem5ts are v graceful & 
piquant1 & p>ticul>ly t :]e "o ( !      
danc]s kneels & :irls h] arms on high1  
click+ h] ca/anets1 :ile ! o!r circles  
h] r\nd & r\nd1 /rik+ 8 h&s toge!r1 &   
approa*+ ne>] & ne>]1 till he is ready  
to give h] a kiss1 :i* %e refuses3 (    
c\rse x is ! old /ory ( e national      
dance1--love & repulse1 love & repulse1 
until ! maid5 yields4 ,z "o c\ple pant+ 
& rosy retires1 ano!r fre% "o takes its 
place1 :ile ! by/&]s play on ! accordion
 ! :irl+1 circl+1 nev]-end+ tune ( !    
,t>antella1 :i* w\ld put a _s ( y\? 9   
ev]y?+4  ,if y are tir$ ( ! fe/ival1    
roam up a few paces out ( ! cr[d1 & y /&
 ^u ! br9k ( ,lake ,nemi4 ,ov] opposite1
 & cr[n+ ! height :]e ! little t[n (    

,nemi p]*es1 fr[ns ! old feudal ca/le ( 
! ,colonna1 ) its tall1 r\nd t[]1 :]e _m
 a pr9cely family has dwelt & _m an     
unpr9cely act has be5 done4 ,!re1 9     
turn1 h dwelt ! ,colonna1 ,borgia1      
,piccolom9i1 ,c5ci1 ,frangipani1 &      
,bras*i1 & !re ! desc5dants ( ! la/-nam$
 family /ill pass a few weeks 9 !       
summ]4#a ,bel[ y1 sil5t & silv]y1 lies !
 lake itself1--& ris+ ar\nd x1 l a gre5 
b[l1 t[] its ri*ly wood$ banks1 cov]$ ) 
gigantic oaks1 ilexes1 & *e/nuts4 ,?is 0
 ! anci5t grove d$icat$ to ,diana1 :i*  
ext5d$ to ,l',ariccia2 & "h are /ill to 
be se5 ! ve/iges ( an anci5t villa built
 by ,julius ,caes>4 ,"h1 too1 if y tru/ 
"s ( ! antiqu>ies1 once /ood ! temple ( 
,diana ,nemor5sis1#b :]e human          
sacrifices 7 (f]$1 & ^: *ief-prie/1     
call$ ,rex ,nemor5sis1 obta9$ 8 (fice by
 slay+ 8 pr$ecessor1 & reign$ ov] ^!    
groves by =ce ( 8 p]sonal arm4 ,times h1
 inde$1 *ang$ s9ce ! prie/hood 0 ?us won
 & baptiz$ by blood2 & z y /& !re1 &    
look1 on ! "o side1 at ! site ( ?is     

anci5t temple1 :i* "s ( ! gigantic      
*e/nut-trees may almo/ h se5 9 _! y\?1  
&1 on ! o!r side1 at ! campanile ( !    
,ca?olic *ur* at ,g5zano1 ) its         
fl[]-/rewn pavem5ts1 y may h z %>p a    
contra/ betwe5 ! pa/ & ! pres5t z c     
easily be f\nd4  ,footnote #a3 ,on !    
,g5zano side /&s ! ca/ellat$ villa ( !  
,ces>9i ,s=za1 look+ peacefully across !
 lake at ! rival t[]1 :i* 9 ! old       
b>onial days x us$ to *all5ge1--& 9 its 
g>d5-pond y may see /ately :ite swans   
o>+ _! way ) rosy feet along4  ,footnote
 #b3 ,! bett] op9ion ( late seems to be 
t x 0 on ! slopes ( ! ,val d',ariccia4  
,b :o %all decide1 :5 doctors disagree8 
,,?r5odia4   ,,address$ ,,to ,,alfr$    
,,t5nyson1 ,p4,l41 ,,9 ,,response ,,to  
,,v]ses ,,( ,,8 ,,on ,a ,,late ,,ev5t   
,,9 ,,engl&4    ,i he>d y ,9 y\r ,engli%
 home1-- ,i read y by my little brook1  
,?\s&s ( miles f ,briti% foam1 ,hid 9 my
 de> ,new ,engl& nook3 ,b he>d y ) a    
sull5 look2   ,b read y ) a gloomy br[2 
,& ?us unto my ,muse ,i spoke3--   ,:o  

is !re to write hi/ory n[8    ,hallam is
 dead6 & ,prescott gone6 ,& ,irv+ sleeps
 at ,sunnyside6   ,& n[ t ,"l has w&]$  
on1 ,^: laurels mu/ ) !irs abide3 ,i    
greatly m\rn$ ! man :o di$   ,fir/ on   
?is dismal roll ( dea?1-- ,& him1 ( all 
obs]v]s ey$1   ,my t[nsman "h1 :o sp5t 8
 brea?    ,9 tell+ ( ! ?+s ( ,spa91 ,&  
do+ fri5dly ?+s to fri5ds1   ,prescott1 
well kn[n beyond ! ma9 ,& pa/ ! ,pill>s1
 to e>?'s ends3 ,bo? _h my te>s3 b      
,engl& s5ds   ,ano!r ^w across ! seas1  
,might r\se ! dy+ f 8 b$3   ,oh1 be> x  
g5tly1 ocean-breeze6 ,t bitt] ^w1--,?y  
fri5d is dead6    ,macaulay dead1 :o    
made to live ,pa/ k+doms1 ) 8 vivid     
bra96   ,:o c\ld su* w>m? to %ad[s give1
 ,by ! m]e magic ( 8 p51 ,t ,*>les &    
,engl& rose aga96   ,well sleeps he 'mid
 ! ,abbey's du/3 ,&1 ,laureate6 ?y      
fun]eal v]se   ,%all h su* e*o z x mu/  
,f he>ts j wrung at ,irv+'s he>se4      
,^! are two names to m>k ! ye> ,z "o (  
memorable woe1   ,two m5 to ! two       
nations de> ,laid 9 "o fatal w9t] l[6   

,ab\t ! /reets ! m\rn]s g2   ,b ,i )9 my
 *amb] re/1 ,or walk ! room ) measur$   
tread1   ,murmur+1 ) head ^u my brea/1  
,my ,god6 & is ,macaulay dead8          
,,g5]al ,,mir&a',s ,,exp$ition4   ,9    
,novemb]1 #ahje1 a good-look+ =eign]1   
g5tlemanlike 9 dress & 9 mann]1 &       
app>5tly fifty ye>s ( age1 arriv$ 9 ,new
 ,york f ,engl&1 & took lodg+s at ,mrs4 
,av]y's1 ,/ate ,/reet4 ,he call$ himself
 ,george ,m>t92 b ?is incognito 0 int5d$
 only = ! vulg>4 ,"s ( ! pr9cipal       
citiz5s ( ,new ,york1 :o recollect$ 8   
fir/ visit to ?is c\ntry tw5ty ye>s     
be=e1 knew him z ,don ,francisco de     
,mir&a ( ,c>acas1 "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$   
adv5tur]s ( t revolution>y era1--a      
favorite ( ! ,empress ( ,russia1 a fri5d
 ( ,mr4 ,pitt1 & second 9 comm& "u      
,dum\riez 9 ! ,belgian campaign ( #agic4
 ,to ^! g5tlem5 he av[$ t = _m ye>s he  
_h m$itat$ ! indep5d5ce ( !             
,spani%-,am]ican ,colonies1 & meant to  
make an attempt to c>ry out 8 plans4 ,on
 ,evacuation ,day1 a ,new ,york fe/ival1

 :i* is n[ ne>ly worn out1 !y invit$ him
 to a ,corporation d9n]1 z a =eign (fic]
 ( rank1 & toa/$ him1 wi%+ him ! same   
success 9 ,s\? ,am]ica t we _h _h "h4   
,he !n w5t to ,wa%+ton1 "u ! "n (       
,mol9i4 ,!re1 z ev]y:]e1 he 0 receiv$ by
 ! be/ society z ,g5]al ,mir&a4 ,!      
,presid5t & ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate1 ,mr4   
,madison1 grant$ him sev]al private     
int]views4 ,9 ,janu>y he return$ to ,new
 ,york1--& on ! #b;d ( ,febru>y dep>t$  
!nce my/]i\sly 9 ! ,le&]1 a %ip belong+ 
to ,mr4 ,samuel ,g4 ,ogd51 m]*ant4      
,:ile ! ,le&] lay at an*or (f ,/at5     
,isl&1 a g5tleman notifi$ ! ,naval      
,(fic] ( ! ,port1 t l>ge quantities (   
arms & ammunition _h be5 tak5 on bo>d ( 
h] 9 boats1 at night4 ,he 0 in=m$ 9     
return1 t ! ,le&] 0 cle>$ = ,jacquemel1 
& t no law exi/$ to prev5t h] f sail+4  
,no o!r attempt 0 made to deta9 h]2 b a 
few weeks lat]1 rumors affect+ ! "* ( ! 
%ip broke out 9 a m decid$ =m4 ,x 0     
g5]ally believ$ at ! ,tont9e            
,c(fee-,h\se t ! ,le&] _h be5 fitt$ out 

by ,mir&a to attack ! ,spani%           
possessions 9 ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s or on
 ! ,ma94 ,& yet ! ,new ,york j\rnals    
took no notice ( h] until ! #ba/ (      
,febru>y1 n9ete5 days aft] %e sail$4 ,9 
! mean "t ! ,m>quis ,yrujo1 back$ by !  
,fr5* ,ambassador1 _h made a =mal       
compla9t to ,gov]nm5t1 & _h caus$ !     
ins]tion 9 ! ,philadelphia ,gazette ( a 
s]ies ( int]rogatories to ,mr4 ,madison1
 :i* indirectly accus$ ! ,adm9i/ration (
 enc\rag+ ,mir&a's prep>ations1 or at   
lea/ ( conniv+ at ! exp$ition4 ,?is     
p]v]se ,m>quis1 :o gave ,mr4 ,jeff]son a
 ta/e ( ! annoyance :i* ,g5et1 ,adet1 & 
,fau*et _h inflict$ ^u ! previ\s        
adm9i/rations1 0 clamor\s & p]si/+4 ,!  
au?orities 9 ,wa%+ton ?\ght x prop] to  
ord] ! arre/ ( ,mr4 ,ogd51 & ( ,colonel 
,william ,smi?1 son-9-law ( ,john ,adams
 & ,surveyor ( ! ,port ( ,new ,york1 "u 
! ,act ( #agid4 ,! prison]s 7 tak5 be=e 
,judge ,tallmadge ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates     
,di/rict ,c\rt4 ,!y 7 refus$ c\nsel1 & 7
 =c$ by ?reats ( imprisonm5t to submit  

to a se>*+ exam9ation4 ,!y 7 !n held to 
bail1 bo? z pr9cipals & witnesses1 9 !  
sum ( tw5ty ?\s& doll>s4 ,soon aft]1 !  
,presid5t remov$ ,colonel ,smi? f 8     
(fice4  ,su* a wa/e ( editorial         
raw-mat]ial appe>s v s+ul> to           
newspap]-read]s ( ! pres5t day1 accu/om$
 z !y are to see 9 pr9t ev]y?+ t has    
happ5$ or t might h happ5$2 b we mu/    
recollect t our gr&fa!rs f\nd !         
excitem5t necess>y to civiliz$ man 9    
p>ty politics1 national & local4 ,?is   
game !y play$ ) a fi]ce eag]ness :i* is 
n[ limit$ to a small class ( inf]ior m54
  ,to ! viol5ce & p]sonal spitefulness (
 _! newspap] articles we h =tunately    
no?+ comp>able1 ev5 9 ! spee*es (       
,honorable ,memb]s on ,help] & ,john    
,br[n4 ,! ,tu quoque & ! ,vos damnam9i 7
 _! favorite logical processes1 & ,fool 
& ,li> ! simple & conclusive argum5ts ) 
:i* !y e/abli%$ a pr9ciple4 ,n t ^!     
anci5ts suff]$ at all f a lack ( /irr+  
news4 ,bonap>te's wond]ful campaigns1   
7,au/]litz _h j be5 he>d ( 9 ,new       

,york17 ! outrages on our sailors by    
,engli% cruis]s1 our m]*antm5 plund]$ by
 ,fr5* & ,spani% private]s1 ! irritat+  
behavior ( ! ,dons 9 ,l\isiana1 kept !m 
abundantly suppli$ ) ?is /aff ( m5tal   
life4 ,b !y did n c>e mu* = news 9 !    
ab/ract z news1 unless !y c\ld "w x up  
into political ammunition & dis*>ge x at
 ea* o!r's heads4 ,we mu/ n =get1 too1 t
 newspap]-edit+1 ! ,cali=nia ( !        
spiritually vagabond1 z ,c>lyle calls x1
 0 a rec5t discov]y1 & t ! ri* m9e 0 b  
surface-work$4 ,our own ,report] 01 l   
,milton's orig9al lion1 only half       
une>!d2 & deep hidd5 f mortal eyes z yet
 lay ! s5sation-items-man1 :o has made !
 la/-dy+-spee*-&-confession /yle (      
lit]ature ! pr9cipal elem5t ( our daily 
press4  ,at la/ ! ,f$]al editors gave   
tongue4 ,x 0 high "t2 ! t[n 0 9 an      
upro>4 ,!y p]ceiv$ t ,mir&a might become
 a useful ally aga9/ ,mr4 ,t4 ,jeff]son4
 ,8 exp$ition came opportunely1 z !     
,mammo? ,*eese & ,black ,sally 7 beg9n+ 
to gr[ /ale4 ,mr4 ,lang op5$ ! cry 9 !  

,new ,york ,gazette by ass]t+ !         
complicity ( ,gov]nm5t1 on ! au?ority ( 
a g5tleman ( ! fir/                     
respectability1--mean+ ,mr4 ,rufus      
,k+4--,*ee?am1 ( ! ,citiz51 b>k$ back at
 ,lang1 a w\ld-be ,solomon1 a f\l &     
abom9able sl&]]4 ,mr4 ,k+1 he c\ld      
prove1 _h be5 exam9$1 & _h no?+ to      
reveal4--,tom ,pa9e wrote to ! ,citiz5  
to m5tion t he _h kn[n ,mir&a 9 ,new    
,york 9 #aghc & 9 ,p>is 9 #agic4 ,mr4   
,littlepage ( ,virg9ia1 ,*amb]la9 to !  
,k+ ( ,pol&1 _h !n in=m$ him t !        
,empress ,ca?>9e _h giv5 ,mir&a f\r ?\s&
 p\nds z a reta9+ fee1 & t ,mr4 ,pitt _h
 also paid him twelve hundr$ p\nds = 8  
s]vices 9 ! ,nootka ,s\nd bus9ess4--,all
 ! ,f$]al pap]s *>g$ ! ,gov]nm5t )      
connivance4 ,y knew ! de/9ation ( !     
,le&]2 y did n prev5t h] f sail+2 y     
n\ri%$ ! (f5ce until x atta9$ maturity1 
& !n1 aft] p]mitt+ ! pr9cipals to g ^u  
?is exp$ition1 y seize ^u ! accessories 
:o rema9 at home4 ,& 9 h[ %ameful &     
illegal a way6 ,y exam9e !m be=e a s+le 

judge1 ) no c\nsel to advise !m4 ,y =ce 
!m to crim9ate !mselves1 & to sign _!   
confessions1 by ! ?reat ( imprisonm5t2 &
 y puni% ,colonel ,smi? be=e y h tri$   
him1 by depriv+ him ( 8 (fice4 ,:y1 su* 
a proce$+ is worse ?an any              
,inquisitorial ,tribunal or ,/>-,*amb]  
,c\rt4--,nons5se6 answ]$ ! ,democrats4  
,ogd5's & ,smi?'s te/imony does n       
implicate ! ,gov]nm5t 9 ! lea/4 ,x only 
proves t ,smi? has be5 ! dupe ( ,mir&a4 
,! ,presid5t knew no?+ ab\t ! matt]4 ,if
 ! object ( ! ,le&]'s outfit 0 s g5]ally
 spok5 (1 :y did x escape ! notice ( !  
,m>quis ,yrujo8 ,:y did he n dem& h]    
seizure be=e %e sail$8 ,?is *>ge aga9/ !
 ,gov]nm5t is a m]e ,f$]al trick4 ,y\r  
fri5ds1 ! ,briti%1 are at ! bottom ( !  
exp$ition1 & !y h artfully employ$      
,rufus ,k+1 a ,f$]al *ief1 to ?r[ !     
blame ^u ! ,executive ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4
 ,by ascrib+ to ^? :o adm9i/] ! gov]nm5t
 ! atrocities committ$ by ,transatlantic
 rul]s1 y aim a deadly bl[ at ! "* ( our
 sy/em2 & y\r conduct1 base 9 any view  

we c take ( x1 is p>ticul>ly            
repreh5sible 9 ! delicate /ate ( our    
relations ) ,spa94  ,mr4 ,cadwallad]    
,gold51 ( c\nsel = ! def5dants1 made a  
motion be=e ,judge ,tallmadge = an ord] 
to prev5t ! ,di/rict ,attorney f us+ !  
prelim9>y evid5ce tak5 at ! private     
exam9ations4 ,x 0 a proce$+1 he said1   
arbitr>y & subv]sive ( ! fir/ pr9ciples 
( law & lib]ty1--:i* w\ld h disgrac$ !  
reign ( ,*>les & /a9$ ! "* ( ,jeffries4 
,! ,di/rict ,attorney 0 he>d 9          
opposition1 & 0 successful4  ,on ! #g? (
 ,april1 ! ,gr& ,jury f\nd a bill aga9/ 
,smi?1 ,ogd51 ,mir&a1 & ,?omas ,lewis1  
capta9 ( ! ,le&]1 = sett+ on foot &     
beg9n+ ) =ce & arms a c]ta9 milit>y     
ent]prise or exp$ition1 to be c>ri$ on f
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates aga9/ ! dom9ions ( a   
=eign pr9ce3 to wit1 ! dom9ions ( ! ,k+ 
( ,spa92 ! said ,k+ ( ,spa9 !n & !re be+
 at peace ) ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,! ,gr&    
,jury1 z an evid5ce ( _! imp>tiality1 or
 ( ! public feel+1 also h&$ ! ,judge a  
pres5tm5t ( himself1 :i* he put into 8  

pocket1 c5sur+ 8 conduct 9 ! private    
exam9ations1 because unusual1           
oppressive1 & contr>y to law4  ,! trial 
0 set d[n = ! #ad? ( ,july4 ,messrs4    
,ogd5 & ,smi? did n wait s long = a     
he>+4 ,!y laid _! case at once be=e !   
public1 9 two memorials address$ to     
,congress1 compla9+ bitt]ly ( !         
prosecution1 n to say p]secution1       
in/itut$ aga9/ !m by ! au?orities 9     
,wa%+ton1 & ( ! cruel & oppressive      
measures tak5 by ,judge ,tallmadge to   
c>ry out ! m&ates ( 8 sup]iors4 ,if !y  
_h done wrong1 !y urg$1 x 0 innoc5tly4  
,a w> ) ,spa9 0 imm95t4 ,! critical     
position ( ! ,l\isiana ,b\nd>y "q1 !    
,presid5t's ,message ( ! #f? ( ,decemb]1
 & ! docum5ts accompany+ x1 left no     
d\bts on t po9t4 ,7 !y n "r1 !n1 9      
suppos+1 t1 "u ^! circum/ances1 !       
,presid5t w\ld enc\rage an exp$ition    
aga9/ ! colonies ( a ho/ile p[]8 ,z     
evid5ce ( ,mr4 ,jeff]son's k ( ,mir&a's 
s*emes1 !y /at$ t ! ,g5]al _h br\ght )  
him f ,engl& a lett] to a g5tleman ( !  

fir/ consequ5ce 9 ,new ,york1 7,mr4     
,k+17 :i* conta9$ a sket* ( 8 project3  
?is lett] 0 =w>d$ to ! ,secret>y ( ,/ate
 & laid be=e ! ,presid5t by him4 ,mir&a 
!n w5t to ,wa%+ton1 saw ! ,presid5t & ! 
,secret>y1 & wrote to ! memoriali/s t he
 _h fully unfold$ 8 plans to bo?4 ,9 !  
c\rse ( a long conv]sation ) ,mr4       
,madison1 he ask$ = pecuni>y assi/ance &
 = op5 enc\ragem5t1 on ! gr\nd t        
individuals might n be will+ to jo9 9 ! 
ent]prise1 if ,gov]nm5t did n approve   
x1--p>ticul>ly z a bill 0 !n be=e       
,congress to prohibit ! exportation (   
arms4 ,he also reque/$ leave ( abs5ce = 
,colonel ,smi?1 :o wi%$ to accompany    
him4 ,mr4 ,madison answ]$1 t ! s5tim5ts 
( ! ,presid5t c\ld n be d\bt$1 b t !    
,gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates c\ld af=d no
 assi/ance ( any k9d4 ,private          
individuals 7 at lib]ty to act z !y     
pleas$1 provid$ !y did n violate ! laws2
 & ,new ,york m]*ants w\ld always       
advance money1 if !y saw _! advantage 9 
x4 ,z to ! bill ,mir&a _h spok5 (1 x 0  

unlikely t x w\ld pass1--&1 9 fact1 x   
did n4 ,x 0 impossible1 ,mr4 ,madison   
add$1 to grant leave ( abs5ce to        
,colonel ,smi?1 al?\gh he ?\ght him     
bett] fitt$ = milit>y employm5t ?an = ! 
cu/om-h\se4 ,he clos$ ! int]view by     
recomm5d+ ! greate/ discretion4  ,mir&a1
 cont9u$ ! memoriali/s1 rema9$ f\rte5   
days 9 ,wa%+ton aft] ?is conv]sation1 & 
return$ to ,new ,york confid5t ( ! sil5t
 approval ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,elev5 days be=e 
! ,le&] sail$1 he s5t a lett] to ,mr4   
,madison1 inclos+ ano!r to ,mr4         
,jeff]son1 bo? ( :i* he read to ,ogd5 & 
to ,smi?4 ,he assur$ ,mr4 ,madison t he 
_h con=m$ 9 e way to ! int5tions (      
,gov]nm5t1 & reque/$ him to keep !      
secret4 ,to ,mr4 ,jeff]son he wrote 9 a 
/ra9 m fa%ionable t5 ye>s be=e ?an !n1 b
 well adapt$ to ! s5tim5tality1 bo?     
sci5tific & political1 ( ! ,philosophic 
,presid5t4 ,"h x is3--  ,i h ! honor to 
s5d y1 inclos$1 ! ',natural & ,civil    
,hi/ory ( ,*ili1' ( :i* we conv]s$ at   
,wa%+ton1--& 9 :i* y w1 p]haps1 f9d m   

?an 9 ^? :i* h be5 be=e publi%$ on !    
same subject1 conc]n+ ?is beautiful     
c\ntry4  ,if ev] ! happy pr$iction1 :i* 
y h pron\nc$ on ! future de/9y ( our de>
 ,columbia1 is to be accompli%$ 9 our   
day1 may ,provid5ce grant t x may be "u 
y\r auspices1 & by ! g5]\s ef=ts ( h]   
own *ildr56 ,we %all !n1 9 "s sort1     
behold ! revival ( t age1 ! return ( :i*
 ! ,roman b>d invok$ 9 favor ( ! human  
race3--  ',! la/ great age =etold by    
sacr$ rhymes   ,r5ews its f9i%$ c\rse2  
,saturnian times   ,roll r\nd aga92 &   
mighty ye>s1 begun   ,f ?is fir/ orb1 9 
radiant circles run4'  ,on ,mir&a's     
reports1 ^! lett]s1 & ! fact t ! ,le&]  
_h n be5 seiz$1 !y re/$ _! case1 & pray$
 = ! int]f]5ce ( ,congress 9 _! behalf4 
,congress unanim\sly grant$ ! petition]s
 leave to )draw4 ,su* evid5ce z ?is1 n  
only he>say1 b he>d f ! p>ty mo/ int]e/$
 9 misrepres5t+ ! ,adm9i/ration1 0 n    
entitl$ to mu* consid]ation4 ,x _h1     
moreov]1 ! additional disadvantage (    
prov+ no?+ aga9/ ! ,presid5t &          

,secret>y1 ev5 if e ^w ( x 7 admitt$ z  
true4  ,public att5tion 0 div]t$ f !    
,le&]1 ,capta9 ,lewis1 to ! ,le&]1      
,capta9 ,:itby4 ,?is ,engli% frigate 0  
cruis+ (f ,s&y ,hook1 br++ to inw>d &   
outw>d b\nd vessels1 se>*+ !m = articles
 contrab& ( w>1 & help+ h]self to       
able-bodi$ seam5 :o look$ l ,briti%     
subjects4 ,all ( :i* 0 meekly submitt$  
to 9 #ahjf4 ,mr4 ,jeff]son c\ld n       
ov]come 8 d\bts z to ! con/itutionality 
( a fleet1 & ! ,opposition _h ! tw(old  
pleasure ( *uckl+ ov] ! insults (f]$ by 
,john ,bull to a gov]nm5t ) ,fr5*       
proclivities1 & ( reproa*+ ! p>ty 9 p[] 
) its sup95ess & want ( _s4  ,b !       
accid5t ( ! #be? ( ,april br\ght !      
,am]ican p to a prop] s5se ( _!         
situation1 = ! mom5t4 ,on t day1 ,8     
,briti% ,maje/y's %ip ,le&] fir$ a      
r\nd-%ot into ! sloop ,ri*>d1 b\nd to   
,new ,york1 & kill$ ! man at ! helm1    
,john ,pi]ce4 ,! body 0 br\ght to ! city
 & borne ?r\gh ! pr9cipal /reets1 9 !   
mid/ ( univ]sal excitem5t1 ang]1 & cries

 = v5geance4 ,black /ream]s 7 display$ f
 ! h\ses2 %ops 7 clos$2 ! newspap]s     
appe>$ 9 m\rn+4 ,a public fun]al 0      
att5d$ by ! :ole population4 ,capta9    
,:itby 0 indict$ = murd]1 & took c>e to 
keep out ( ! rea* ( ,unit$ ,/ates       
law-(fic]s4 ,?is homicide happ5$ j 9 "t 
= ! ,may election 9 ,new ,york4 ,bo?    
p>ties attempt$ to make use ( x4 ,!     
,f$]ali/s proclaim$ t ! blood ( ,pi]ce 0
 on ! head ( ,jeff]son & 8 foll[]s4 ,^! 
retort$1 t ! ,engli% pirates 7 ! fri5ds 
& comrades ( ! ,f$]ali/s4 ,*ee?am _h se5
 ! fir/ lieut5ant ( ! ,le&]1 disguis$1 9
 company ) eight or t5 ( !m1 "s days    
aft] ! murd]666 ,& ! ,democratic        
,republicans1 z 0 & is /ill usual1 _h a 
majority at ! polls4  ,f "t to "t %ort  
p>agraphs appe>$ 9 ! pap]s1 adv]tis+    
,mir&a's success4 ,8 flag 0 fly+ on e =t
 f ,cumana to ,laguayra4 ,! :ole ( ?is  
f9e c\ntry may be consid]$ z lo/ to     
,spa94 ,!n came tid+s ( sadd]           
complexion4 ,he _h be5 beat5 (f ) ! loss
 ( =ty m51 tak5 prison]s4 ,! ,spani>ds  

_h ?reat5$ to hang !m z pirates1 b !y   
w\ld n d>e to d x4 ,! ,briti% _h furni%$
 ,mir&a ) =ty ,spani% prison]s1 z       
ho/ages1 to av5ge ! ?reat5$ insult to ! 
feel+s ( e fri5d to ! rights (          
self-gov]nm5t 9 e "p ( ! _w4 ,at la/1   
news arriv$ f ! ,gulf :i* left ,mir&a's 
failure 9 8 fir/ attempt to l& no long] 
d\btful4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 made ! position 
( ,ogd5 & ,smi? m dang]\s1 & _! case m  
difficult to manage4  ,:5 ! trial (     
,colonel ,smi? came on1 public int]e/   
reviv$1 & became /rong] ?an be=e4 ,!    
c\rt-room 0 cr[d$ by intellig5t         
spectators dur+ ! :ole c\rse ( !        
proce$+s1 ,! case 0 peculi>1 & _h almo/ 
a dramatic int]e/4 ,"h 0 a ,gov]nm5t    
prosecution aga9/ a man well kn[n 9 !   
community1 = an (f5ce new to our c\rts2 
& ! heads ( t ,gov]nm5t1 ,jeff]son &    
,madison1 7 indirectly on trial at !    
same "t3--,=1 if ,smi? & ,ogd5 are      
acquitt$1 said ! ,f$]al pap]s1 !n mu/ ! 
:ole guilt re/ on ! ,adm9i/ration4 ,ap>t
 f ! political int]e/ ( ! trial1 !      

em95ce ( ! c\nsel employ$ w\ld h comm&$ 
an audi5ce any:]e4 ,nev]1 s9ce ,new     
,york has _h c\rts ( ju/ice1 h s _m     
di/+ui%$ lawy]s adorn$ & dignifi$ h] b> 
z 9 ! fir/ tw5ty ye>s ( ?is c5tury4 ,9  
?is case1 ne>ly all ( ! lead]s 7 reta9$3
 ,na?an ,s&=d1 ,di/rict ,attorney1 &    
,pi]repo9t ,edw>ds1 = ! prosecution2 = !
 def5ce1 ,cadwallad] ,cold51 ,josiah    
,ogd5 ,h(fman1 ,?omas ,addis ,emmet1    
,ri*>d ,h>rison1 & ,wa%+ton ,morton499  
,footnote 993 ,judge ,patt]son1 ( !     
,unit$ ,/ates ,c\rt1 occupi$ ! b5* )    
,judge ,tallmadge1 until ill-heal?      
oblig$ him to )draw4 ,he di$ soon aft]4 
,mr4 ,cold5 h&$ ! ,cl]k a li/ ( 8       
witnesses1 & reque/$ him to call _!     
names4 ,among !m 7 ^? ( ,madison1       
,de>born1 ,gallat91 ,grang]1 & ,rob]t   
,smi?1 all memb]s ( ! ,gov]nm5t4 ,he !n 
read ! affidavit ( s]vice ( subpo5as ^u 
!m on ! #be? ( ,may1 &1 inasmu* z ^!    
g5tlem5 _h n obey$ ! subpo5a1 & z       
,colonel ,smi? c\ld n safely proce$ to  
trial )\t _! te/imony1 he mov$ t an     

atta*m5t issue aga9/ !m4  ,! ,di/rict   
,attorney oppos$ ! motion1 on ! gr\nd t 
! te/imony ( ^! witnesses c\ld n        
possibly be ( any use to ! def5dant4    
,none ( !m 7 pres5t 9 ,new ,york :5 !   
,le&] 0 fitt$ out4 ,& ev5 if x c\ld be  
%[n by ^! witnesses t ! ,adm9i/ration _h
 approv$ ( ?is illegal exp$ition1 x w\ld
 n help ! def5dant4 ,?is is a c\ntry    
gov]n$ by laws1 & n by arbitr>y edicts4 
,if ,colonel ,smi? _h violat$ ^! laws1  
he _h r5d]$ himself liable to puni%m5t4 
,he c\ld n escape by mak+ ! ,presid5t a 
p>ticeps crim9is4 ,an amus+ lett] 0 read
 f ,madison1 ,de>born1 & ,smi?1 :i*     
/at$1 t ! ,presid5t1 tak+ into view !   
/ate ( our public affairs1 has specially
 signifi$ to u t our (ficial duties _c  
consi/5tly !re) be at ?is juncture      
disp5s$ )4 ,!y sugge/$ t a commission   
%\ld issue = ! purpose ( tak+ _!        
respective te/imonies4  ,cold5 insi/$ t 
?is 0 an attempt ( ! ,executive to      
int]f]e ) ! ,judici>y1 :i* ought n to be
 tol]at$4 ,c\nsel 9 crim9al cases _h    

always ! "r to /& face to face )        
witnesses4 ,x 0 outrage\s t ! ,presid5t 
%\ld fir/ approve ( ! conduct ( ,colonel
 ,smi?1 !n ord] a prosecution aga9/ him 
& =bid 8 witnesses to att5d ! trial4  ,!
 ,c\rt refus$ to grant an atta*m5t4 ,&  
lat] 9 ! trial1 :5 ! def5ce (f]$ ,rufus 
,k+ to prove ! ,presid5t's k &          
approbation ( ! ent]prise1 ! ,c\rt      
decid$ aga9/ ! admission ( ! evid5ce4   
,! hi/ory ( ! exp$ition 9 ,new ,york1 z 
%[n by ! te/imony1 0 briefly            
?is3--,colonel ,smi? introduc$ ,mir&a to
 ,ogd52 & ,ogd5 agre$ to furni% 8 arm$  
%ip ,le&]1 & to load h] ) ! necess>y    
provisions1 /ores1 arms1 & ammunition4  
,he e/imat$ 8 exp5diture at sev5ty ?\s& 
doll>s4 ,mir&a _h br\ght ) him f ,london
 a bill ( ex*ange on ,new ,york = eight 
hundr$ p\nds1 :i* _h be5 paid1 & _h     
drawn bills on ,engl& & on ,tr9idad =   
sev5 ?\s& p\nds1 :i* _h n be5 paid4 ,?is
 0 all t ,ogd5 _h receiv$4 ,b if !      
ent]prise 7 successful1 he 0 to be paid 
two hundr$ p] c5t1 advance on ! %ip &   

c>go4 ,smi? _h engag$ fifte5 or tw5ty   
(fic]s1 )\t in=m+ !m ( ! object ( !     
exp$ition1 b expressly /ipulat+ 9 writ+ 
t !y w\ld n be employ$ aga9/ ,engl& or  
,france1 & giv+ !m a g5]al v]bal        
assurance t !y w\ld spe$ily make _!     
=tunes4 ,9 ?is he 0 s9c]e1 = he took 8  
son f college & s5t him ) ,mir&a4 ,smi? 
_h employ$ ,john ,f9k1 a ,b[]y but*]1 to
 engage m5 :o c\ld s]ve on horseback4   
,f9k enli/$ tw5ty-?ree at fifte5 doll>s 
a mon?1 & fifte5 m z a b\nty4 ,!y 7 n to
 be tak5 out ( ! t]ritory ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates4 ,"s ( !m 7 told t ! ,presid5t 0 
rais+ a m\nt$ gu>d2 o!rs1 t !y 7 to gu>d
 ! mail f ,wa%+ton to ,new ,orleans4 ,"o
 ( ,f9k's pap]s 0 %[n on ! trial1       
indors$1 ,mu/]-,roll = ! ,presid5t's    
,gu>d4 ,smi? _h furni%$ ! b\nty-money1 b
 x did n appe> t he _h au?oriz$ ^!      
misrepres5tations ( ,f9k1 :o develop$ a 
tal5t 9 ?is bus9ess :i* =ty ye>s lat]   
w\ld h made 8 =tune z an emigrant-runn]4
 ,abundant pro(s ( ! pur*ase ( milit>y  
clo?+1 arms1 p[d]1 %ot1 & cannon 7      

produc$4  ,! ,c\nsel = ,colonel ,smi?1  
unable to get ! connivance ( !          
,adm9i/ration be=e ! ,jury 9 ! %ape (   
evid5ce1 coolly assum$ x z e/abli%$1 &  
urg$ x 9 def5ce ( _! cli5t4 ,!y us$ 8   
memorial to ,congress z _! brief1 enl>g$
 ^u ! arbitr>y conduct ( ! ,judge 9 !   
exam9ations & ^u ! tyrannical int]f]5ce 
( ! ,presid5t ) _! witnesses4 ,z ,mr4   
,emmet clev]ly & classically rem>k$1    
quot+ f ,tacitus's description ( !      
fun]al ( ,junia1 ,p]haps _! v abs5ce    
r5d]$ !m m decid$ witnesses 9 our favor4
 ,!y also ma9ta9$ t ! ,act ( #agid1 "u  
:i* ! prison] 0 indict$1 did n prohibit 
an ent]prise ( ?is "*4 ,ev5 if x did1 no
 pro( exi/$ t ?is exp$ition 0 organiz$ 9
 ,new ,york4 ,on ! contr>y1 x 0 kn[n t  
,mir&a _h gone h5ce to ,jacquemel1 & _h 
made 8 prep>ations !re1 9 a port out (  
our jurisdiction4  ,?is po9t made1 !y   
boldly w5t a /ep f>!r1 & decl>$ t !     
,unit$ ,/ates 7 actually at w> ) ,spa94 
,! affair ( ! ,kemp]s1 & ( ,flanagan 9  
,l\isiana1 ! ob/ruction ( ! ,mobile     

,kiv]1 ! depr$ations ^u our comm]ce by  
,spani% private]s1 7 suffici5t pro( ( a 
/ate ( w>4 ,we _h a "r to meet =ce by   
=ce4 ,! ,presid5t mu/ h be5 ( ?is       
op9ion1 else he c\ld n h violat$ 8 tru/ 
by au?oriz+ ?is exp$ition4  ,! case = ! 
def5ce1 consid]$ 9 a logical po9t (     
view1 0 desp]ate2 b no case is desp]ate 
be=e a ,jury2 & :5 ,mr4 ,cold51 ,mr4    
,h(fman1 & ,mr4 ,emmet _h ea* 9 8 own   
peculi> mode ( eloqu5ce appeal$ to !    
,jury to protect _! cli5t1 already      
puni%$ by removal f 8 place1 )\t a trial
 or ev5 a he>+1 = an (f5ce committ$ )1 !
 sanction ( 8 sup]ior (fic]s1--:5 !y    
comp>$ ?is ,/ate prosecution to !       
attempts made by despotic ,european     
gov]nm5ts to cru% innoc5t m5 by ! ma*9]y
 ( law1 & ass]t$ t x 0 in/itut$ solely  
to gratify ! malice ( ! ,k+ ( ,spa91 a  
bitt] enemy to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1--& :5 !y
 enl>g$ ^u ! gr&eur ( an und]tak+ to    
give lib]ty to ! d[n-trodd5 victims (   
,colonial tyranny1 comp>+ ,mir&a & 8    
fri5ds to our own ,revolution>y h]oes1  

!re c\ld be b little d\bt ( ! v]dict4 ,b
 !re 0 an uneasy feel+ aft] ! ,di/rict  
,attorney _h clos$4 ,he demoli%$ ) ease 
! argum5ts ( ! o!r side1 = n "o ( !m _h 
suffici5t /r5g? to /& alone4 ,smi?'s    
p]petual excuse1 t he _h be5 l$ a/ray by
 ! belief ( connivance 9 ,wa%+ton1 0    
prepo/]\s4 ,if he _h be5 anxi\s to "k ! 
s5tim5ts ( ,gov]nm5t on ! subject1 he   
might at any "t )9 six days h asc]ta9$  
:e!r ,mir&a told him tru? or n4 ,he     
spoke ( ! cruelty & reckless folly ( all
 su* attempts ^u a neighbor+ p2 ask$ !  
,jury h[ !y w\ld l to see an arm$ =ce   
l&$ ^u our %ores to take "p ) "o or !   
o!r ( ! great political p>ties2 & clos$ 
) a few /rong words1 z true at ?is day z
 !n3--,if y acquit ! def5dant1 y say to 
! _w t ! ,unit$ ,/ates h r5\nc$ ! law ( 
nations1--t !y p]mit _! citiz5s n only  
to violate _! own laws ) impunity1 b to 
invade ! p ( o!r c\ntries ) ho/ile =ce 9
 a "t ( peace1 z av>ice1 ambition1 or ! 
?\ght ( plund] may dictate4 ,su* a      
decision w\ld ju/ify ! acts ( ! pirate  

on ! ocean1 & w\ld s9k our national "*  
to ! b>b>ism ( savage tribes4  ,! ,jury 
7 out two h\rs1 & br\ght 9 a v]dict ( n 
guilty1 :i* gave great satisfaction to  
,f$]al editors4 ,a few days aft]w>d1    
,mr4 ,ogd5 0 acquitt$4#a  ,footnote #a3 
,mr4 ,jeff]son1 aft] ! expiration ( 8   
second t]m1 wrote to ,don ,val5t9o de   
,=nonda z foll[s3--  ,y\r pr$ecessor    
,yrujo wi%$ x to be believ$ t we 7 9    
unju/ifiable cop]ation 9 ,mir&a's       
exp$ition4  ,i solemnly & on my p]sonal 
tru? & honor decl>e to y t ?is 0        
entirely )\t f\ndation1 & t !re 0 nei!r 
cop]ation nor connivance on our "p4 ,he 
in=m$ u he 0 ab\t to attempt ! lib]ation
 ( 8 native c\ntry f bondage1 & intimat$
 a hope ( our aid1 or connivance at     
lea/4 ,he 0 at once in=m$1 t1 ?\gh we _h
 great cause ( compla9t aga9/ ,spa91 &  
ev5 ( w>1 yet1 :5ev] we %\ld ?9k prop]  
to act z h] enemy1 x %\ld be op5ly &    
abovebo>d1 & t our ho/ility %\ld nev] be
 ex]cis$ by su* petty means4 ,we _h no  
suspicion t he expect$ to engage m5 "h1 

b m]ely to pur*ase milit>y /ores4 ,aga9/
 ?is !re 0 no law1 nor1 consequ5tly1 any
 au?ority = u to int]pose4 ,on ! o!r h&1
 we deem$ x improp] to betray 8 volunt>y
 communication to ! ag5ts ( ,spa94      
,al?\gh 8 measures 7 _m days 9          
prep>ation at ,new ,york1 we nev] _h !  
lea/ intimation or suspicion ( 8 engag+ 
m5 9 8 ent]prise until he 0 gone2 & ,i  
presume t ! secrecy ( 8 proce$+s kept !m
 equally unkn[n to ! ,m>quis ,yrujo & to
 ! ,spani% ,consul at ,new ,york1 s9ce  
nei!r ( !m gave u any in=mation ( !     
enli/m5t ( m5 until x 0 too late = any  
measures tak5 at ,wa%+ton to prev5t _!  
dep>ture4  ,?is is a brief acc\nt ( !   
fir/ filibu/]-trial 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4  
,o!r h]oes ( ?is pr(ession1 comp>$ ) :om
 ,smi? & ,ogd5 7 spotless1 h s9ce come  
be=e our c\rts only to be turn$ loose ^u
 ! _w aga94 ,no o!r result is to be     
anticipat$4 ,x is an e/abli%$ pr9ciple )
 our fell[-citiz5s1 t no man is happy1  
or ought to be1 :o lives "u any o!r     
sy/em ( gov]nm5t ?an our own4 ,let a    

lawy] pron\nce ! magic =mula1 ,lib]ty to
 ! oppress$1 or ,free in/itutions to !  
victims ( despotism1 &1                 
pre/o6--rascality is metamorphos$ into  
m]it4 ,aft] all1 x makes su* a diff]5ce1
 :5 x is only our neighbor's ox t is    
gor$6  ,"h clos$ ! fir/ act ( !         
exp$ition4 ,colonel ,smi? lo/ 8 (fice1 &
 ,mr4 ,ogd5 /opp$ paym5t4 ,! pass5g]s by
 ! ,le&] f>$ worse4 ,!re 7 two hundr$ m5
 on bo>d3 "o hundr$ & tw5ty belong$ to !
 %ip2 ! o!rs _h be5 engag$ by ,smi? & 8 
ag5t ,f9k z (fic]s1 dragoons1 pr9t]s1 & 
armor]s4 ,) ! exception ( two or ?ree1  
none ( !m _h se5 _! comm&] or knew _!   
de/9ation4 ,! (fic]s1 all g5tlem5 (     
crook$ =tunes1 suppos$ t !y 7 sail+ to  
enl>ge ! area ( fre$om some:]e 9        
,am]ica2 b :at p>ticul> region ( !      
,spani% dom9ions 0 to be subject$ to ?is
 :olesome treatm5t !y nei!r knew nor    
c>$1 provid$ !y c\ld improve _! own     
f9ancial condition4 ,bo? (fic]s &       
privates 7 = ! mo/ "p s]viceable1 /eady 
m51 wor?y ( a m effici5t lead]4  ,on !  

#ab? ( ,febru>y1 !y 7 ov]haul$ & se>*$  
by ,h4,b4,m4 %ip ,cleopatra4 ,n9ete5 m5 
) ,am]ican protections 7 c>ri$ (f 9 !   
frigate's boat1 & twelve native         
,am]icans tak5 out ( prizes s5t back to 
replace !m4 ,! ,le&]'s pap]s 7 exam9$ & 
pron\nc$ unsatisfactory4 ,mir&a 0 oblig$
 to g on bo>d ! ,cleopatra1 :]e he _h a 
long private conv]sation ) ! capta94 ,he
 return$ ) full lib]ty to proce$1 & ) a 
writt5 pass to prev5t det5tion or se>*  
by ,briti% cruis]s4 ,?is adv5ture 0 made
 to give an air ( respectability to !   
ent]prise2 & ,mir&a h9t$ to 8 suite t ! 
,engli% capta9 _h promis$ to jo9 him ) 8
 frigate4 ,a day or two lat]1 ! ,le&]   
took o!r airs ^u h]self4 ,meet+ a small 
,spani% s*oon]1 lad5 ) logwood1 (f !    
,haytian coa/1 ,lewis fir$ into h]1 &   
ord]$ ! capta9 on bo>d ) 8 pap]s1 = !   
m]e pleasure ( ex]cis+ p[]4 ,! ,spani>d1
 z soon z he got back to 8 own craft1   
made ! be/ ( 8 way home & gave ! fir/   
al>m4  ,on ! #ah? ( ,febru>y1 !y ca/    
an*or at ,jacquemel4 ,lewis w5t         

imm$iately to ,port au-,pr9ce1 to engage
 ! ,emp]or1 a %ip comm&$ by 8 bro!r1 to 
jo9 ! exp$ition4 ,mir&a rema9$ beh9d to 
organize 8 foll[]s4 ,he at la/ ann\nc$  
to !m t he int5d$ to l& ne> ,c>acas2 !  
:ole c\ntry w\ld rise at 8 "n2 8 brave  
,am]icans w\ld =m ! nucleus & ! he>t ( a
 great army2 !re 0 no ,spani% =ce 9 !   
prov9ce to resi/ him4 ,9 a g5]al ord]1  
,p>ole1 ,am]ica2 ,c\nt]sign1 ,lib]ty1 he
 assign$ to 8 (fic]s _! rank 9 !        
,columbian army1 di/ribut+ !m into !    
,eng9e]s1 ,artill]y1 ,dragoons1         
,riflem51 & ,foot4 ,ano!r g5]al ord]1   
,p>ole1 ,w>r52 ,c\nt]sign1 ,bunk]'s     
,hill1 fix$ ! uni=ms ( ! diff]5t        
corps1--to be di/+ui%$ by blue1 yell[1  
or gre5 fac+s4 ,all h&s 7 set to "w ^u !
 cr[d$ deck4 ,pr9t]s /ruck (f           
proclamations & blank commissions 9 ! "n
 ( ,don ,francisco de ,mir&a1           
,comm&]-9-,*ief ( ! ,columbian ,army2   
c>p5t]s made pike-h&les2 armor]s repair$
 ! arms b\ght 9 ,new ,york2 7!y _h co/  
little1 & 7 wor? less27 ! regim5tal     

tailor & 8 disciples /it*$ ! gay fac+s  
^u ! new uni=ms2 files ( awkw>d fell[s 7
 put ?r\gh ! manual ex]cise by an old   
drill-s]geant2 & ! "y g5tlem5 (fic]s    
read dilig5tly 9 treatises on w>1 or    
li/5$ to ! disc\rses ( _! g5]al ^u !    
noble art4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ?is /ir (        
prep>ation1 ,lewis return$ unsuccessful1
 )\t ! %ip ,emp]or2 b ,mir&a seem$ 9 no 
hurry to dep>t4 ,he cont9u$ 8 lectures &
 8 drill+ until ! #bh? ( ,m>*4 ,at la/  
he hoi/$ ! new ,columbian flag1--a      
tricolor1 blue1 yell[1 & r$1--fir$ a gr&
 salute1 & /ood gallantly out ( ! h>bor1
 :]e he _h wa/$ six preci\s weeks4      
,capta9 ,lewis _h *>t]$ at              
,port-au-,pr9ce ! ,bee1 a small1 un>m$  
s*oon]1 & _h b\ght ! ,bac*us1 a vessel (
 ! same class1 la/ f ,laguayra1 ^:      
capta9 & m5 disappe>$ my/]i\sly aft] _! 
arrival at ,jacquemel4 ,"s ( ! ,le&]'s  
h&s volunte]$ = ! s*oon]s1 to get out ( 
! cr[d$ %ip2 o!rs 7 =c$ on bo>d1 to make
 up a crew4 ,! little fleet /e]$ =      
,bonair1 b1 ?r\gh ! ignorance ( _!      

pilot1 or ( _! capta91 f\nd !mselves1   
aft] a t5-days' cruise1 sev5ty miles to 
leew>d1 (f ! ,gulf ( ,v5ezuela4 ,! ,le&]
 0 a dull sail]2 &1 ) ! w9d & curr5t    
aga9/ h]1 x took !m f\r days to beat up 
to ! ,isl& ( ,aruba1 & sev5 m to rea*   
,bonair4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! #bg? ( ,april1  
!y 7 ly+ to (f ,pu]to ,cabello1 prep>+  
to l&1 & sure ( success1 :5 !y made out 
two ,spani% gu>daco/as close 9 %ore1    
beat+ up to w9dw>d4 ,mir&a ?\ght !m     
unwor?y ( att5tion1 & gave ! ord] to /& 
94 ,b ! pilot mi/ook ! l&m>ks1 ow+ to ! 
d>kness1 & miss$ ! po9t agre$ ^u = l&+4 
,! ,bac*us 0 s5t 9 to reconnoitre & did 
n return1 al?\gh signals ( recall 7     
repeat$ ?r\gh\t ! night4 ,ab\t midnight 
signals 7 notic$ pass+ betwe5 ! =t at   
,pu]to ,cabello & ! gu>daco/as2 ,capta9 
,lewis beat to qu>t]s1 & kept 8 m5 at _!
 guns until morn+4 ,at daybreak !       
,bac*us 0 se5 close 9 %ore1 c>ry+ a     
press ( sail & closely pursu$ by !      
,spani% vessels4 ,! ,le&] bore d[n ) a  
fl[+ %eet ^u ! enemy1 fir$ a few        

ineffective %ot1 & !n1 = "s reason be/  
kn[n to h] capta91 or to ,mir&a1 haul$  
on to ! w9d1 & sail$ away1 leav+ !      
s*oon]s to take c>e ( !mselves4 ,!      
gu>daco/as soon took possession ( bo?1 &
 c>ri$ _! prizes1 ) sixty prison]s1 into
 ,pu]to ,cabello1#a be=e ! eyes ( _!    
a/oni%$ & indignant comrades1 :o c\ld n 
und]/& su* a want ( c\rage or conduct on
 ! "p ( _! *ief4  ,footnote #a3 ,!      
un=tunate m5 tak5 9 ! s*oon]s 7 tri$ at 
,pu]to ,cabello = piracy4 ,t5 (fic]s 7  
hang$1 _! heads cut (f & /uck ^u poles1 
& six ( !m s5t to ,c>acas1 two to       
,laguayra1 & two set up at ,pu]to       
,cabello4 ,! o!r prison]s 7 s5t5c$ to ! 
*a9-gang4 ,! execution took place on !  
#ba/ ( ,july1 ! day be=e ,smi? 0        
acquitt$ 9 ,new ,york4  ,aft] ?is       
disa/]1 ! ,le&] sail$ = ,bonair = wat]4 
,mir&a /ill assum$ a confid5t tone1 &   
call$ a c\ncil ( w> to delib]ate :e!r !y
 %\ld attempt a l&+ at ,coro4 ,! c\ncil 
decid$1 t1 9 view ( ! loss !y _h su/a9$1
 x w\ld be advisable to make = ,tr9idad 

9 se>* ( re9=cem5ts4 ,) w9d & tide aga9/
 !m1 & a sl[ %ip1 ! voyage 0 long4 ,!y 7
 r$uc$ to _! la/ b>rel ( bread1 :5 !y   
fell 9 ) ! ,engli% sloop-(-w> ,lily1    
,capta9 ,campbell1 :o 0 look+ = ,mir&a1 
& :o s5t supplies ( all k9ds on bo>d4   
,on ! #f? ( ,june1 !y ran into          
,bridget[n1 ,b>badoes4 ,admiral         
,co*rane1 :o comm&$ on t /ation1 gave   
,mir&a e assi/ance 9 8 p[]1 & (f]$ to   
put "s ( 8 small] vessels "u 8 ord]s1 ^u
 condition t all goods import$ into !   
new /ate ( ,columbia 9 ,briti% bottoms  
%\ld be assess$ t5 p] c5t1 l[] ?an !    
products ( any o!r nation1 except !     
,unit$ ,/ates4 ,mir&a sign$ a =mal      
agreem5t to ?is effect1 & sail$ =       
,tr9idad1 accompani$ by ,h4,b4,m4 %ips  
,lily & ,express1 & ! ,trimm]1 a        
transport s*oon]4 ,capta9 ,lewis1 ^:    
repeat$ qu>rels ) ,mir&a _h affect$ !   
discipl9e ( ! =ce1 resign$ at ,b>badoes4
 ,he 0 succe$$ by ,capta9 ,johnson1 a   
d>+ fell[1 :o risk$ & lo/ life & prop]ty
 9 ?is exp$ition4  ,! ,gov]nor (        

,tr9idad1 l all ! ,engli% ( ! ,gulf1 0  
well dispos$ to aid 9 an attack on !    
,spani% ,prov9ces4 ,eighty volunte]s (  
all nations1 mo/ ( !m wor?less fell[s & 
c&idates = a commission1 jo9$ ! fleet at
 ?is place4 ,mir&a 0 once m 9 high      
spirits4 ,8 army am\nt$ to f\r hundr$   
m51 & he _h secur$ ! coop]ation ( !     
,engli%4 ,success seem$ c]ta94 ,he issu$
 a new proclamation to 8 foll[]s1 head$ 
,to ,victory & ,weal?1 & set sail1      
accompani$ by sev5 small ,briti%        
w>-vessels & ?ree transports4  ,on !    
#b;d ( ,augu/1 ! fleet an*or$ )9 n9e    
miles ( ,la ,vela de ,coro4 ,! next day 
two hundr$ & n9ety m5 7 l&$ 9 ! boats ( 
! squadron4 ,!y 7 all ,mir&anians1 !    
,engli% furni%+ only ! means (          
transportation & ! necess>y supplies4 ,z
 ! boats approa*$ ! %ore1 !y 7 fir$ ^u f
 ! bu%es :i* l9$ ! bea*4 ,! ,columbians 
jump$ into ! wat] & *>g$2 ! ,spani>ds   
retreat$ to a =t ne> ! %ore4 ,?is 0     
c>ri$1 sword 9 h&1--! ,spani>ds leap+ f 
! walls & fly+ 9 all directions4 ,mir&a 

!n =m$ 8 p>ty1 & m>*$ to ! t[n1 a qu>t] 
( a mile di/ant1 :i* 0 evacuat$ by !    
,spani>ds ) su* precipitation t !y left 
_! cannon load$4 ,! inhabitants _h fl$1 
z well z ! milit>y1 c>ry+ (f all _!     
movable prop]ty4 ,! ,columbian colors 7 
hoi/$1 flags ( truce s5t 9 all          
directions1 ! pr9t$ proclamations       
di/ribut$ ab\t ! neighbor+ c\ntry2 b 9  
va92 nobody appe>$4  ,! same ev5+ !     
,lib]ators m>*$ twelve miles 9 a        
nor?we/]ly direction to ,coro4 ,!y      
arriv$ an h\r be=e dawn1 & f\nd ! t[n   
sil5t & des]t$4 ,divid+ !mselves into   
two p>ties1 !y ent]$ cauti\sly on       
opposite sides1 = fe> ( an              
ambuscade1--b1 un=tunately1 :5 !        
deta*m5ts met 9 ! ,gr& ,plaza1 !y mi/ook
 ea* o!r1 9 ! dusk ( ! morn+1 = ! enemy1
 & fir$4 ,mir&a's mo/ effici5t (fic]    
fell1 %ot ?r\gh bo? ?ighs4 ,"o man 0    
kill$1 & sev5 o!rs badly w\nd$4 ,n a s\l
 0 f\nd 9 ! place1 except ^? :o 7 too   
old or too ill to move1 & ! occupants ( 
! prison4 ,! jail] pres5t$ himself1     

surr5d]$ 8 keys1 & in=m$ ! ,g5]al t !   
,gov]nor _h =c$ ! citiz5s to leave _!   
homes4 ,mir&a rema9$ 9 ! des]t$ t[n =   
five days1 endeavor+1 by ! mo/ allur+   
proclamations1 to br+ ! inhabitants     
back4 ,b x 0 useless4 ,n a man pres5t$  
himself4 ,he !n lo/ he>t1 &1 in/ead (   
advanc+ into ! c\ntry1 ord]$ a retreat  
to ,la ,vela1 & reemb>k$ on ! #ai?4  ,^?
 he left beh9d 9 ! ,le&] _h be5 /ill m  
un=tunate4 ,capta9 ,johnson _h gone 9 ! 
boats to a riv] ?ree or f\r miles to !  
ea/w>d1 = wat]1 &1 :ile fill+ 8 casks1 0
 set ^u by a p>ty ( ,spani% soldi]s4 ,he
 0 kill$1 fight+ bravely1 ) fifte5 ( 8  
m54 ,! rema9d] escap$ ) difficulty4  ,! 
discomfit$ invad]s sail$ = ! ,isl& (    
,aruba1 :]e _! ,engli% allies1 pretty   
well satisfi$ t no?+ c\ld be done ) ?is 
exp$ition1 left !m4 ,mir&a l&$ 8 m5 &   
took =mal possession ( ! isl&4 ,he s5t  
an ambassador to ! ,gov]nor ( !         
neighbor+ isl& ( ,curaoa1 reque/+ him to
 surr5d]4 ,?is reque/ 0 decl9$4 ,he 0   
equally unsuccessful 9 a mission to     

,jamaica1 begg+ = assi/ance f ,admiral  
,dacres4 ,dacres refus$1 on ! gr\nd t he
 _h no ord]s f 8 ,gov]nm5t4  ,mir&a     
rema9$ at ,aruba1 drill+1 issu+         
proclamations1 & hold+ c\rts m>tial1    
until ! want ( provisions br\ght !      
ent]prise to an end4 ,an ,engli%        
%ip-(-w>1 :i* t\*$ at ! isl&1 (f]$ him a
 safe means ( escape4 ,on ! #bi? (      
,octob]1 aft] a passage ( tw5ty-five    
days1 ! ,lib]ators arriv$ at ,tr9idad1 &
 disb&$ 9 disgrace4 ,! blue & yell[     
uni=ms !y _h worn ) pride1 z            
,columbians1 on _! la/ visit1 7 ha/ily  
laid aside to escape ! sc(f ( ! rabble1 
:o je]$ !m z adv5tur]s & m]ry-&rews4    
,mir&a kept out ( sight until he c\ld   
get ! opportunity ( a passage to ,engl&4
 ,all 8 foll[]s :o c\ld f9d means to    
quit ! isl& made _! way home z be/ !y   
c\ld4 ,to conclude ! bus9ess1 ! ,le&] 0 
sold by ord] ( ! c\rts1 & ! few poor    
fell[s :o _h rema9$ by h] receiv$ a     
small %>e ( ! proce$s4 ,nobody else 0   
paid ! smalle/ fraction ( ! sums !      

,g5]al _h s lib]ally promis$4  ,t a     
comm&]1 safely l&$ ) ?ree hundr$ fight+ 
m51 9 possession ( ,coro1 ^: p59sul>    
situation might h af=d$ him an          
inexpugnable position1 ma/] ( ! sea1 &  
back$ by an ,engli% fleet1 %\ld h       
retreat$1 )\t effect+ any?+1 f a c\ntry 
ripe = rebellion s9ce ! conspiracy (    
#agig1 c be expla9$ only 9 "o way3 he   
mu/ h be5 ignorant ( ! real feel+s ( !  
p1 & totally unfit to lead su* an       
exp$ition4 ,mir&a _h :at we may call a  
pretty tal5t = w>4 ,he _h /udi$ !       
pr9ciples ( ! art1 & _h se5 "s s]vice4  
,excit$ by ! spl5did c>e] ( ,wa%+ton1   
he1 l a c]ta9 di/+ui%$ ,fr5*man1 det]m9$
 to imitate him & become ! lib]ator ( 8 
c\ntry4 ,:5 ! ,giant at a %[ b5ds ! iron
 b>1 x seems s easy t e /rong man 9 !   
cr[d ?9ks he c d z mu*1 until he tries4 
,x ne$s a ,giant ( ! fir/ class to h&le 
a p 9 revolution4 ,mir&a 0 n made ( t   
k9d ( /uff4 ,he 0 weak & ineffici5t1    
fond ( my/]y & pomp1 easily affect$ by  
flatt]y1 lov+ de>ly to he> himself talk1

 & unable to control 8 temp]4 ,8        
incessant qu>rels ) ,capta9 ,lewis 7 "o 
cause ( ! loss ( ! s*oon]s (f ,pu]to    
,cabello4 ,a want ( quickness & en]gy 0 
felt 9 all 8 op]ations4 ,delays are     
prov]bially dang]\s1 b 9 a c\p de ma9   
fatal4 ,! "t wa/$ by him at ,jacquemel &
 at ,aruba 0 employ$ by ! ,spani>ds 9   
mak+ prep>ations = def5ce4 ,!y _h few   
troops1 & did n d>e to tru/ ! natives ) 
arms1 b !y succe$$ 9 p]suad+ !m t ,mir&a
 & 8 m5 7 pagans & pirates1 ^: triumph  
w\ld be t5 times m insuff]able ?an !    
rule ( ! "m c\ntry4  ,if ,mir&a 0       
incompet5t to c>ry out a lib]at+        
exp$ition1 he _h wond]ful success 9     
talk+ x up4 ,= tw5ty ye>s he _h c>ri$   
?is project ab\t ) him 9 ,am]ica & 9    
,europe4 ,x 0 elaborat$ to p]fection 9 e
 "p1 & !re 7 answ]s prep>$ to e         
objection4 ,! new gov]nm5t 0 to be      
modell$ ^u ! ,engli% ,con/itution1--an  
h]$it>y *ief1 to be call$ ,inca1--a     
s5ate1 nom9at$ by ! *ief1 compos$ (     
nobles1 b n h]$it>y1--& a *amb] elect$  

by suffrage1 limit$ by a prop]ty        
qualification4 ,he _h collect$ all !    
/ati/ics ( population & ( trade1 to %[  
:at comm]cial advantages ! _w might     
expect f a free ,s\? ,am]ican gov]nm5t4 
,&1 ris+ ^u a w9d ( prophecy1 he already
 saw 9 ! future a %ip-canal across !    
,i/hmus ( ,panama1 & ! ,nic>agua r\te   
op5$4 ,he _h laid ^! plans be=e ,ca?>9e 
( ,russia1 :o gave him money to help !m 
on4 ,mr4 ,pitt li/5$1 promis$ him       
assi/ance 9 return = comm]cial          
privileges1 & kept him 9 pay = ye>s4 ,! 
,fr5* ,revolutioni/s 7 eag] to furni%   
him ) an army & a fleet4 ,rufus ,k+1    
,am]ican ,ambassador at ,london1 s5t ^w 
( ! s*eme to ,hamilton & ,knox1 :o bo?  
approv$ ( x4 ,mir&a seems to h made !   
same impression ^u ev]ybody4 ,8 ext5sive
 travels & acqua9tance ) di/+ui%$ m51 8 
k ( facts1 dates1 & figures1 8 ret5tive 
& ready memory1 8 wond]ful clev]ness 9  
p]suad+ 8 he>]s1 are spok5 ( 9 ! same   
t]ms by all4 ,dr4 ,ru% wrote to a fri5d1
 t ,mir&a _h d9$ ) him1 & _h talk$ ab\t 

,european politics z if he _h be5 9 !   
inside ( all ! k+s & pr9ces4 ,he might h
 be5 a second ,c\nt de ,/4 ,g]ma91 if he
 _h liv$ 9 ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv41      
in/ead ( 9 an era :5 m5 _h ab&on$ !     
philosoph]'s /one1 & 7 seek+ 9 politics 
= a new magnum opus1 ,con/itutions1 z ! 
c]ta9 means ( p]fect+ ! human species4  
,ev]ybody 0 mi/ak5 9 him4 ,al?\gh he    
talk$ l an angel1 9 action he 0         
wor?less4 ,if he _h nev] und]tak5 to    
c>ry out 8 plans1 he might h left an    
excell5t reputation1 & h rema9$ 9 ,s\?  
,am]ican memory z ! possible ,fa!r ( 8  
,c\ntry3 ,capax imp]ii1 nisi imp]asset4 
,a %ort sket* ( 8 c>e] may be int]e/+1  
be=e we dismiss him aga9 to ! oblivion f
 :i* we h evok$ him = ?is mon?4  ,mir&a 
ent]$ ! ,spani% army 9 ,am]ica at ! age 
( sev5te51 & 0 advanc$ to be ,colonel1 a
 grade seldom or nev] be=e rea*$ by a   
,creole4 ,he left ! s]vice be=e ! close 
( ! ,revolution>y ,w>1 travell$ 9 !     
,unit$ ,/ates1 & 0 admitt$ to ! society 
( ,wa%+ton & ( ! lead+ m5 ( ! day4 ,"h1 

8 atta9m5ts1 quickness1 & insatiable    
curiosity attract$ att5tion4 ,he knew ! 
topography & /rategy ( e battle f\ght   
dur+ ! w> bett] ?an our (fic]s :o _h be5
 on ! field1 & soon made himself famili>
 ) p>ties1 & ev5 ) family connections 9 
?is c\ntry4 ,8 con/ant topic 0 !        
indep5d5ce ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,aft] ! peace
 ( #aghc1 ,mir&a w5t to ,engl&3 ,colonel
 ,smi? 0 !n ,secret>y ( ,john ,adams1 ! 
,am]ican ,m9i/]1 & ! acqua9tance betwe5 
!m began 9 ,london1 :i* end$ s          
disa/r\sly tw5ty ye>s lat] 9 ,new ,york4
 ,leav+ ,engl&1 he travell$ ov] ,europe4
 ,at ,*]son1 he attract$ ! notice (     
,pr9ce ,potemk91 :o pres5t$ him to !    
,empress at ,kiew4 ,9 #agij1 :5 !       
dispute ab\t ,nootka ,s\nd99 ?reat5$ to 
produce a w> betwe5 ,great ,brita9 &    
,spa91 he reappe>$ 9 ,london1 & propos$ 
to ,mr4 ,pitt 8 s*eme = revolutioniz+ ! 
,am]ican ,colonies4 ,pitt at once engag$
 8 s]vices1 b ,spa9 yield$1 & ! project 
c\ld n be c>ri$ out4 ,mir&a cross$ to   
,france1 accept$ a comm& 9 ! ,republican

 army1 & s]v$1 ) cr$it1 9 ! ,ne!rl&s1 "u
 ,dum\riez1 until ! ,battle ( ,ne]w9d54 
,9 ,novemb]1 #agib1 ! ,fr5* rul]s       
conceiv$ ! idea ( revolutioniz+ ,spa91  
bo? 9 ,europe & 9 ,am]ica4 ,brissot     
sugge/$ ,mir&a z ! fitte/ p]son = ?is   
purpose4 ,he 0 to take twelve ?\s&      
troops ( ! l9e f ,/4 ,dom+o1 enli/1 9   
addition1 t5 or fifte5 ?\s& braves      
multres1 & make a desc5t1 ) ?is =ce1 ^u 
! ,ma94 ,le nom de ,mir&a1 wrote        
,brissot to ,dum\riez1 lui vaudra une   
arme2 et ses tal5s1 son c\rage1 son     
gnie1 t\t n\s rpond du succs4 ,monge1   
,g5sonn1 ,clavire1 ,ption1 7 pleas$ ) ! 
plan1 b ,mir&a />t$ difficulties4 ,!    
,fr5* sy/em 0 too democratic = 8 ta/e1 &
 ! pressure ( affairs 9 ,europe soon    
turn$ ! att5tion ( ,brissot & 8 fri5ds 9
 ano!r direction4  ,footnote 993 ,9     
,may1 #aghi1 ! ,spani% sloop-(-w>       
,pr9cesa seiz$ f\r ,engli% vessels      
engag$ 9 a trade ) ! natives (          
,vanc\v]'s ,isl&1 & took !m into a      
,mexican port z prizes1 on ! gr\nd t !y 

_h violat$ ! ,spani% ,colonial laws4 ,! 
,engli% gov]nm5t d5i$ ! claim ( ,spa9 to
 ^? di/ant regions1 & insi/$ ^u ample   
satisfaction4 ,! ,k+ ( ,spa9 0 oblig$ to
 submit to avoid w>1 b ! "q ( t]ritory 0
 left op54  ,aft] ! disa/r\s affair (   
,ne]w9d51 ,mir&a 0 accus$ ( misconduct1 
arre/$1 & s5t to ,p>is = trial1 b 0     
acquitt$ by ! ,tribunal ,rvolutionnaire1
 & conduct$ home 9 triumph4 ,he 0 aga9  
imprison$ = incivisme1 dur+ ! ,reign (  
,t]ror1 & did n recov] 8 lib]ty until ! 
g5]al jail-deliv]y :i* foll[$ ! dea? (  
,robespi]re4 ,he 0 seiz$ = ! ?ird "t 9  
#agig1 by ! ,directory1 z an adh]5t ( ! 
,pi*egru faction1 & bani%$ f ,france4   
,9 ,janu>y1 #agih1 ,mr4 ,pitt aga9 s5t =
 ,mir&a1 & a new plan 0 arrang$ = !     
emancipation ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,on ?is    
occasion1 ! cop]ation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 
0 confid5tly reli$ ^u4 ,bo? ,pitt & our 
own rul]s =esaw t ,spa9 mu/ inevitably  
fall a prey to ,france1 & t ! :ole ( h] 
,am]ican possessions w\ld probably %>e  
h] fate4 ,our relations ) ,france 7 9 s 

critical a condition1 t we 7 mak+       
prep>ations = def5ce2 & x 01 ( c\rse1 ( 
! highe/ importance to our safety1 t !  
,floridas & ,l\isiana %\ld n fall into !
 h&s ( a p[]ful enemy4 ,x 0 propos$1    
consequ5tly1 to =m a comm]cial &        
def5sive alliance betwe5 ,engl&1 !      
,unit$ ,/ates1 & ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,we 7 to 
get ! ,floridas & ,l\isiana to !        
,mississippi1 & 9 return to furni% a    
l&-=ce ( t5 ?\s& m54 ,great ,brita9 w\ld
 provide ! fleet1 9 consid]ation ( c]ta9
 important advantages 9 trade4 ,mir&a   
kept 8 fri5ds 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates fully   
advis$ ( ! progress ( affairs4 ,hamilton
 & ,knox 7 9 favor ( ! project1 provid$ 
w> 7 decl>$4 ,our provisional army might
 !n h play$ a brilliant "p4 ,b !re 0 no 
w>4 ,presid5t ,adams refus$ to li/5 to  
,mir&a's communications1 & pat*$ up our 
difficulties ) ,france4 ,no?+ 0 done by 
! ,engli%4  ,9 #ahja ,"l ,sidm\? reviv$ 
,mir&a's hopes1 b ! ,peace ( ,ami5s put 
a /op to ! prep>ations4 ,9 #ahjd ,mr4   
,pitt 0 aga9 at ! head ( affairs1 &     

r5ew$ 8 int]c\rse ) ,mir&a4 ,ord]s 7    
giv5 to prep>e %ips & to enrol m51 :5 ! 
hopes ( ! ?ird coalition aga9 susp5d$ ! 
execution ( ! project4  ,x 0 aft] ?is   
la/ bl[ f ,=tune t ,mir&a came to ,new  
,york & fitt$ out ! exp$ition we h      
und]tak5 to describe4 ,8 disa/r\s       
failure seem$ nei!r to de/roy 8 hopes1  
nor to %ake ! confid5ce ( 8 ,engli%     
fri5ds 9 8 pret5sions4 ,:5 he return$ to
 ,engl& f ,tr9idad1 he f\nd m9i/]s      
prep>$ to emb>k ) en]gy 9 ! ,s\?        
,am]ican s*eme4 ,?is "t a fleet & an    
army 7 really assembl$ at ,cork1 & ,sir 
,ar?ur ,wellesley 0 to comm& !m1--:5 !  
,spani% ,revolution broke out1 alt]$ at 
once ! face ( affairs 9 ,europe1 & turn$
 ,sir ,ar?ur & 8 army t[>d ,portugal1 to
 beg9 t brilliant s]ies ( campaigns :i* 
drove ! ,fr5* out ( ! ,p59sula4  ,few m5
 fix _! m9ds p]t9aci\sly ^u an object1 &
 adh]e to ! pursuit ?r\gh life1 )\t at  
lea/ a p>tial atta9m5t ( x4 ,mir&a1 !   
victim ( s _m bitt] disappo9tm5ts1 at   
la/ f\nd himself = a few mon?s 9 !      

position he _h s (t5 dream$ (4 ,:5 !    
news ( ! fall ( ,seville1 & ( !         
disp]sion ( ! ,junta :o gov]n$ 9 ! "n ( 
,f]d9& ,,vii41 rea*$ ,s\? ,am]ica1 op5  
rebellion broke out at ,c>acas4 ,k+     
,joseph ,bonap>te _h s5t ov] a          
proclamation1 implor+ 8 tru/y &         
well-belov$ ,s\? ,am]icans to come to 8 
pat]nal arms1--or1 if !y w\ld n d t1 at 
lea/ to set up a gov]nm5t = !mselves1 & 
n take "p ) ,f]d9& & ,engl&4 ,8         
emiss>ies 7 hunt$ d[n & hang$1 :]ev]    
caught4 ,revolution>y ,juntas 7 e/abli%$
 all ov] ! c\ntry4 ,on ! #ai? ( ,april1 
#ahaj1 ! ,am]ican ,conf$]ation (        
,v5ezuela1 9 ,congress assembl$1        
und]took to rule 9 ! "n ( ,f]d9& ,,vii41
 b 9 reality z an indep5d5t gov]nm5t4   
,mir&a 0 call$ to ! comm& ( ! native    
army4 ,on ! #e? ( ,july1 #ahaa1 !       
,congress publi%$ _! ,decl>ation (      
,indep5d5ce1 & a ,con/itution1 bo? ( !m 
rem>kable /ate-pap]s4 ,9 po9t (         
lib]ality ( s5tim5t & elegance ( /yle !y
 w be> comp>ison ) our own celebrat$    

docum5ts ( '#gf & '#hg4 ,inde$1 9 all ^!
 ,spani% political plays1 ! plot has be5
 good1 ! text admirable1 b ! actors s   
poor z to spoil ! piece4 ,s x fell out 9
 ,v5ezuela4 ,at fir/ ! ,patriots 7      
successful2 ,mir&a defeat$ ! ,royali/s &
 took ,val5cia4 ,! pr9cipal t[ns fell   
into ! h&s ( ! insurg5ts4 ,!n1 came !   
t]rible e>?quake ( #ahab1 :i* n only    
%att]$ ! res\rces ( ! ,patriots1 b 0    
skilfully us$ by ! ,*ur* z a pro( t     
,provid5ce _h tak5 sides aga9/ ! rebels4
 ,montev]de1 ! ,spani% g5]al1 recaptur$ 
,val5cia4 ,congress plac$ ! dictator%ip 
) unlimit$ p[] 9 ,mir&a's h&s1 b he 0 n 
! man = desp]ate situations4 ,on ! #f? (
 ,july1 ! ,royali/s took ,pu]to         
,cabello2 ,c>acas fell on ! #bh?2 &     
,mir&a1 betray$ by 8 own p>ty into ! h&s
 ( ! ,spani>ds1 0 s5t a prison] to      
,cadiz 9 ,octob]4 ,simon ,boliv> & o!rs1
 m5 ( diff]5t mettle1 rega9$ all t _h   
be5 lo/1 & cut loose ! ,colonies f      
,spa94 ,f ,cali=nia to ,cape ,horn !    
ine/imable sy/em ( self-gov]nm5t 0      

e/abli%$4 ,accord+ to ! !ory1 ! ,s\?    
,am]icans %\ld h be5 prosp]\s & happy2  
b1 un=tunately1 ! result has be5 murd]1 
robb]y1 & g5]al ru94 ,! burd5 ( tak+ c>e
 ( "o's self1 :i* ! ,nor? ,am]ican _h ! 
/r5g? to be>1 has cru%$ ! poor half-ca/e
 ,spani>d4 ,!re are p]sons :o ass]t t a 
political regim5 :i* agrees s well ) u  
mu/ !re=e be good = all o!rs4 ,x may be 
in/ructive to su* believ]s 9 sy/em to   
comp>e ,humboldt's n>rative ( !         
cultivation %[n by ! great ,colonial    
,univ]sities ( ,mexico1 ,quito1 & ,lima1
 ( ! pleas+ ,creole society t ent]ta9$  
him1 & ! peaceful quiet & security he   
notic$ ?r\gh\t c\ntry1 ) ! relations (  
mod]n travell]s or                      
newspap]-correspond5ts :o visit ^?      
semi-b>b>\s regions4  ,don ,francisco de
 ,mir&a did n live to he> ( ! fre$om ( 8
 ,columbia4 ,be=e ! close ( ! ye> #ahab 
he di$ 9 prison1 at ,cadiz4  ,?us p]i%$ 
! mo/ g5tlemanlike ( filibu/]s1 s9ce !  
days :5 ,jason sail$ 9 ! ,argo to ext5d 
! bless+ ( ,greek in/itutions ov]       

,col*is & to appropriate ! ,gold5       
,fleece4         99       99       99   
99       99  ,,! ,,pr(essor',s ,,/ory4  
,,*apt] ,,viii4  ,,! ,,morn+ ,,aft]4    
,colonel ,spr[le's family arose late !  
next morn+4 ,! fatigues & excitem5ts ( !
 ev5+ & ! prep>ation = x 7 foll[$ by a  
natural collapse1 ( :i* somnol5ce 0 a   
lead+ symptom4 ,! sun %one into ! w9d[  
at a pretty well op5$ angle :5 !        
,colonel fir/ f\nd himself suffici5tly  
awake to address 8 yet slumb]+ sp\se4   
,sally6 said ! ,colonel1 9 a voice t 0 a
 little husky1--= he _h f9i%$ (f ! ev5+ 
) an extra glass or two ( ,mad>y1 & _h a
 some:at ru/y & heada*y s5se ( r5ew$    
exi/5ce1 on greet+ ! r advanc$          
dawn1--,sally6  ,take c>e o' !m         
cu/>d-cups6 ,!re !y g6  ,poor ,mrs4     
,spr[le 0 fight+ ! p>ty ov] 9 h] dream2 
& z ! vision>y cu/>d-cups cra%$ d[n     
?r\gh "o lobe ( h] bra9 into ano!r1 %e  
gave a />t z if an in* ( lightn+ f a    
qu>t ,leyd5 j> _h jump$ into "o ( h]    
knuckles ) its sudd5 & lively poonk6    

,sally6 said ! ,colonel1--wake up1 wake 
up6 ,:at 'r' y' dream9' aba\t8  ,mrs4   
,spr[le rais$ h]self1 by a sort ( spasm1
 sur son sant1 z !y say 9 ,france1--up  
on end1 z we h x 9 ,new ,engl&4 ,%e     
look$ fir/ to ! left1 !n to ! "r1 !n    
/raight be=e h]1 app>5tly )\t see+      
any?+1 & at la/ sl[ly settl$ d[n1 ) h]  
two eyes1 blank ( any p>ticul> mean+1   
direct$ ^u ! ,colonel4  ,:at "t is't8 %e
 said4  ,t5 o'clock4 ,:at 'y' be5       
dream9' aba\t8 ,y' giv a jump l a       
hopp]grass4 ,wake up1 wake up6 ,?'      
p>ty's ov]1 & y' be5 asleep all !       
morn9'4 ,! p>ty's ov]1 ,i tell ye6 ,wake
 up6  ,ov]6 said ,mrs4 ,spr[le1 :o began
 to def9e h] position at la/1--ov]6 ,i  
%\ld ?9k 'twas "t 'twas ov]6 ,x's la/$ a
 hundud ye>4 ,i've be5 work9' = t p>ty  
long] 'n ,me?uselah's lifetime1 s5ce ,i 
be5 asleep4 ,! pies w\ldn' bake1 & !    
blo'monge w\ldn' set1 & ! ice-cream     
w\ldn' freeze1 & all ! folks kep' com9' 
'n' com9' 'n' com9'1--ev]ybody ,i ev]   
knew 9 all my life1--"s ( 'em's be5 dead

 ?is tw5ty ye> 'n' m1--'n' no?9' = 'em  
to eat nor dr9k4 ,! fire w\ldn' burn to 
cook any?+1 all we c\ld d4 ,we bl[$ ) ! 
belluses1 'n' we /uff$ 9 pap] 'n'       
pit*-p9e k9dl9's1 b no?9' c\ld make t   
fire burn2 'n' all ! "t ! folks kep'    
com9'1 z if !y'd nev] /op1--'n' no?9' = 
'em b empty di%es1 'n' all ! borr[$     
*aney slipp9' r\nd on ! wait]s 'n'      
*ipp9' 'n' crack9'4 ,i w\ldn' g ?r\gh   
:at ,i be5 ?r\gh t'-night = all ?' money
 9 ?' ,bank1--,i d believe x's h>d] t' h
 a p>ty ?an t'----  ,mrs4 ,spr[le /at$ !
 case /rongly4  ,! ,colonel said he     
didn't "k h[ t might be4 ,%e 0 a bett]  
judge ?an he 04 ,x 0 bo!r en\gh1 anyh[1 
& he 0 glad t x 0 ov]4 ,aft] ?is1 !     
wor?y pair comm5c$ prep>ations = rejo9+ 
! wak+ _w1 & 9 due "t proce$$ d[n-/airs4
  ,ev]ybody 0 late t morn+1 & no?+ _h   
got put to rights4 ,! h\se look$ z if a 
small army _h be5 qu>t]$ 9 x ov] night4 
,! tables 7 ( c\rse 9 huge disord]1 aft]
 ! protract$ assault !y _h und]gone4    
,!re _h be5 a great battle evid5tly1 & x

 _h gone aga9/ ! provisions4 ,"s po9ts  
_h be5 /orm$1 & all _! def5ces          
annihilat$1 b "h & !re 7 c5tres (       
resi/ance :i* _h held out aga9/ all     
attacks1--l>ge r\nds ( beef1 & solid    
loaves ( cake1 aga9/ :i* ! inexp]i5c$ _h
 wa/$ _! en]gies 9 ! en?usiasm ( y\? or 
un9=m$ maturity1 :ile ! long]-head$     
gue/s 7 mak+ discov]ies ( %ell-oy/]s &  
patridges & simil> delicacies4  ,!      
breakfa/ 0 naturally ( a some:at        
fragm5t>y "*4 ,a *ick5 t _h lo/ 8 legs 9
 ! s]vice ( ! prec$+ campaign 0 once m  
put on duty4 ,a great ham /uck ) cloves1
 z ,sa9t ,seba/ian 0 ) arr[s1 0 aga9    
(f]$ = m>tyrdom4 ,x w\ld h be5 a        
pleasant sight = a m$ical man ( a       
speculative turn to h se5 ! prospect    
be=e ! ,colonel's family ( ! next week's
 breakfa/s1 d9n]s1 & supp]s4 ,! trail t 
"o ( ^! great rural p>ties leaves aft] x
 is "o ( its mo/ =midable consid]ations4
 ,e door-h&le 9 ! h\se is sugge/ive (   
sweetmeats = ! next week1 at lea/4 ,!   
mo/ unnatural articles ( diet displace !

 frugal b nutriti\s food ( unconvuls$   
p]iods ( exi/5ce4 ,if !re is a walk+    
infant ab\t ! h\se1 x w c]ta9ly h a m or
 less fatal fit f ov]mu* ( "s           
indige/ible delicacy4 ,be=e ! week is   
out1 ev]ybody w be tir$ to dea? ( sug>y 
=ms ( n\ri%m5t & long to see ! la/ ( !  
remnants ( ! fe/ival4  ,! family _h n   
yet arriv$ at ?is condition4 ,on !      
contr>y1 ! fir/ inspection ( ! tables   
sugge/$ ! prospect ( days ( un/9t$      
luxury2 & ! y\ng] portion ( ! h\sehold1 
especially1 7 9 a /ate ( great excitem5t
 z ! acc\nt ( /ock 0 tak5 ) ref]5ce to  
future int]nal inve/m5ts1 ,"s curi\s    
facts came to light dur+ ^! rese>*es4   
,:]e's all ! oranges gone to8 said ,mrs4
 ,spr[le4 ,i expect$ !re'd be ev] s _m (
 'em left4 ,i didn't see _m ( ! folks   
eat9' oranges4 ,:]e's ! sk9s ( 'em8 ,!re
 ought to be six doz5 orange-sk9s r\nd  
on ! plates1 & !re a'n't "o doz54 ,& all
 ! small cakes1 too1 & all ! sug> ?+s t 
0 /uck on ! big cakes4--,has anybody    
c\nt$ ! spoons8 ,"s ( 'em got swall]$1  

p]haps4 ,i hope !y 0 plat$ ones1 if !y  
did6  ,! failure ( ! morn+'s orange-crop
 & ! deficit 9 o!r expect$ residual     
delicacies 7 n v difficult to acc\nt =4 
,9 _m ( ! two-/ory ,rockl& families1 & 9
 ^? favor$ h\seholds ( ! neighbor+      
villages ^: memb]s _h be5 invit$ to !   
great p>ty1 !re 0 a v g5]al excitem5t   
among ! y\ng] p on ! morn+ aft] ! great 
ev5t4 ,did y' br+ home some?9' f ! p>ty8
 ,:at is x8 ,:at is x8 ,is x frt-cake8  
,is x nuts & oranges & apples8 ,give me 
"s6 ,give me "s6 ,su* a conc]t ( treble 
voices utt]+ acc5ts l ^! _h n be5 he>d  
s9ce ! great ,temp]ance ,fe/ival ) !    
celebrat$ colation 9 ! op5 air "u !     
trees ( ! ,p>nassian ,grove1--z ! place 
0 *ri/5$ by ! "y ladies ( ! ,in/itute4  
,! cry ( ! *ildr5 0 n 9 va94 ,f !       
pockets ( demure fa!rs1 f ! bags (      
%>p-ey$ sp9/]s1 f ! fold$ h&k]*iefs (   
light-f+]$ si/]s1 f ! tall hats (       
sly-w9k+ bro!rs1 !re 0 a resurrection ( 
! miss+ oranges & cakes & sug>-?+s 9 _m 
a rejoic+ family-circle1 en\gh to a/oni%

 ! mo/ h>d5$ cat]] t ev] contract$ to   
fe$ a ?\s& p "u canvas4  ,! t5d]        
recollection ( ^? de> little ones :om   
extreme y\? or o!r press+ consid]ations 
deta9 f sc5es ( fe/ivity--a trait (     
affection by no means uncommon among our
 ?\ghtful p --dignifies ^? social meet+s
 :]e x is manife/$1 & %$s a ray ( sun%9e
 on our common nature4 ,x is an oasis 9 
! des]t1--to use ! /rik+ expression ( ! 
la/ ye>'s ,val$ictorian ( ! ,apoll9ean  
,in/itute4 ,9 ! mid/ ( s mu* t is purely
 selfi%1 x is delightful to meet su*    
dis9t]e/$ c>e = o!rs4 ,:5 a l>ge family 
( *ildr5 are expect+ a p>5t's return f  
an ent]ta9m5t1 x w (t5 require great    
ex]tions on 8 "p to provide himself s z 
to meet _! reasonable expectations4 ,a  
few rules are wor? rememb]+ by all :o   
att5d anniv]s>y d9n]s 9 ,faneuil ,hall  
or else:]e4 ,?us3 ,lob/]s' claws are    
always acceptable to *ildr5 ( all ages4 
,oranges & apples are to be tak5 "o at a
 "t1 until ! coat-pockets beg9 to become
 inconv5i5tly heavy4 ,cakes are injur$  

by sitt+ ^u !m2 x is1 !re=e1 well to    
c>ry a /\t t9 box ( a size to hold z _m 
pieces z !re are *ildr5 9 ! dome/ic     
circle4 ,a v pleasant amusem5t1 at !    
close ( "o ( ^! banquets1 is grabb+ = ! 
fl[]s ) :i* ! table is embelli%$4 ,^! w 
please ! ladies at home v greatly1 &1 if
 ! *ildr5 are at ! same "t abundantly   
suppli$ ) fruits1 nuts1 cakes1 & any    
little ornam5tal articles ( confection]y
 :i* are ( a nature to be uno/5tati\sly 
remov$1 ! k9d-he>t$ p>5t w make a :ole  
h\sehold happy1 )\t any additional      
exp5se beyond ! outlay = 8 ticket4  ,!re
 7 fragm5t>y delicacies en\gh left1 ( "o
 k9d & ano!r1 at any rate1 to make all !
 ,colonel's family uncom=table = ! next 
week4 ,x bid fair to take z long to get 
rid ( ! rema9s ( ! great p>ty z x _h    
tak5 to make ready = x4  ,9 ! mean "t   
,mr4 ,b]n>d _h be5 dream+1 z "y m5      
dream1 ( glid+ %apes ) bright eyes &    
burn+ *eeks1 /rangely bl5d$ ) r$ planets
 & hiss+ meteors1 &1 %9+ ov] all1 !     
:ite1 unw&]+ /> ( ! ,nor?1 girt ) its   

te!r$ con/ellations4  ,aft] breakfa/ he 
walk$ into ! p>lor1 :]e he f\nd ,miss   
,d>ley4 ,%e 0 alone1 &1 hold+ a         
s*ool-book 9 h] h&1 0 at "w ) "o ( !    
morn+'s lessons4 ,%e h>dly notic$ him z 
he ent]$1 be+ v busy ) h] book1--& he   
paus$ a mom5t be=e speak+1 & look$ at h]
 ) a k9d ( rev]5ce4 ,x w\ld n h be5     
/rictly true to call h] beautiful4 ,=   
ye>s1--s9ce h] e>lie/ womanhood1--^?    
sl5d] h&s _h tak5 ! bread :i* repaid !  
toil ( he>t & bra9 f ! co>se palms t    
(f]$ x 9 ! _w's rude m>ket4 ,x 0 n =    
h]self alone t %e _h b>t]$ away ! life (
 h] y\?1 t %e _h brea!d ! hot air (     
s*ool-rooms1 t %e _h =c$ h] intellig5ce 
to po/ure be=e h] w1 z ! exig5cies ( h] 
place requir$1--wak+ to m5tal           
labor1--sleep+ to dream (               
problems1--roll+ up ! /one ( education =
 an endless twelvemon?'s t]m1 to f9d x  
at ! bottom ( ! hill aga9 :5 ano!r ye>  
call$ h] to its r5ew$ duties1--s*ool+ h]
 temp] 9 un5d+ inw>d & outw>d conflicts1
 until nei!r dulness nor ob/9acy nor    

+ratitude nor insol5ce c\ld rea* h] s]5e
 self-possession4 ,n = h]self alone4    
,poorly z h] prodigal labors 7 repaid 9 
proportion to ! wa/e ( life !y co/1 h]  
value 0 too well e/abli%$ to leave h]   
)\t :at1 "u o!r circum/ances1 w\ld h be5
 a m ?an suffici5t comp5sation4 ,b !re 7
 o!rs :o look$ to h] 9 _! ne$1 & s !    
mode/ f\nta9 :i* might h be5 fill$ to   
its brim 0 cont9ually dra9$ ?r\gh       
sil5t-fl[+1 hidd5 sluices4  ,out ( su* a
 life1 inh]it$ f a race :i* _h liv$ 9   
conditions n unlike h] own1 beauty1 9 ! 
common s5se ( ! t]m1 c\ld h>dly f9d     
leisure to develop & %ape itself4 ,= x  
mu/ be rememb]$1 t symmetry & elegance (
 features & figure1 l p]fectly =m$      
cry/als 9 ! m9]al _w1 are rea*$ only by 
insur+ a c]ta9 necess>y repose to       
individuals & to g5]ations4 ,human      
beauty is an agricultural product 9 !   
c\ntry1 gr[+ up 9 m5 & wom5 z 9 corn &  
cattle1 :]e ! soil is good4 ,x is a     
luxury almo/ monopoliz$ by ! ri* 9      
cities1 br$ "u glass l _! =c$ p9e-apples

 & pea*es4 ,bo? 9 city & c\ntry1 !      
evolution ( ! physical h>monics :i* make
 music to our eyes requires a comb9ation
 ( favorable circum/ances1 ( :i*        
alt]nations ( unburd5$ tranquillity )   
int]vals ( v>i$ excitem5t ( m9d & body  
are among ! mo/ important4 ,:]e         
suffici5t excitem5t is want+1 z (t5     
happ5s 9 ! c\ntry1 ! features1 h[ev] ri*
 9 r$ & :ite1 get heavy1 & ! movem5ts   
sluggi%2 :]e excitem5t is furni%$ 9     
excess1 z is frequ5tly ! case 9 cities1 
! cont\rs & colors are impov]i%$1 & !   
n]ves beg9 to make _! exi/5ce kn[n to ! 
consci\sness1 z ! face v soon in=ms u4  
,hel5 ,d>ley c\ld n1 9 ! nature ( ?+s1 h
 possess$ ! k9d ( beauty :i* pleases !  
common ta/e4 ,h] eye 0 calm1 sad-look+1 
h] features v /ill1 except :5 h]        
pleasant smile *ang$ !m = a mom5t1 all  
h] outl9es 7 delicate1 h] voice 0 v     
g5tle1 b some:at subdu$ by ye>s (       
?\ghtful labor1 & on h] smoo? =ehead "o 
little h9t$ l9e :isp]$ already t ,c>e 0 
beg9n+ to m>k ! trace :i* ,"t soon] or  

lat] w\ld make a furr[4 ,%e c\ld n be a 
beauty2 if %e _h be51 x w\ld h be5 mu*  
h>d] = _m p]sons to be int]e/$ 9 h]4 ,=1
 al?\gh 9 ! ab/ract we all love beauty1 
& al?\gh1 if we 7 s5t nak$ s\ls into "s 
ultramundane w>eh\se ( s\l-less bodies &
 told to select "o to our lik+1 we %\ld 
ea* *oose a h&some "o1 & nev] ?9k ( !   
consequ5ces1--x is q c]ta9 t beauty     
c>ries an atmosph]e ( repulsion z well z
 ( attraction ) x1 alike 9 bo? sexes4   
,we may be well assur$ t !re are _m     
p]sons :o no m ?9k ( specializ+ _! love 
( ! o!r sex ^u "o end[$ ) signal beauty1
 ?an !y ?9k ( want+ great diamonds or   
?\s&-doll> horses4 ,no man or woman c   
appropriate beauty )\t pay+ = x1--9     
end[m5ts1 9 =tune1 9 position1 9        
self-surr5d]1 or o!r valuable /ock2 &   
!re are a great _m :o are too poor1 too 
ord9>y1 too humble1 too busy1 too pr\d1 
to pay any ( ^! prices = x4 ,s !        
unbeautiful get _m m lov]s ?an !        
beauties2 only1 z !re are m ( !m1 _!    
lov]s are spread ?9n] & d n make s mu*  

%[4  ,! "y ma/] /ood look+ at ,hel5     
,d>ley ) a k9d ( t5d] admiration4 ,%e 0 
su* a picture ( ! m>tyr by ! sl[ social 
combu/ive process1 t x almo/ seem$ to   
him he c\ld see a pale lamb5t aureole   
r\nd h] head4  ,i did n see y at ! great
 p>ty la/ ev5+1 he said1 pres5tly4  ,%e 
look$ up & answ]$1 ,no4 ,i h n mu* ta/e 
= su* l>ge companies4 ,besides1 ,i d n  
feel z if my "t belong$ to me aft] x has
 be5 paid =4 ,!re is always some?+ to d1
 "s lesson or ex]cise1--& x s happ5$1 ,i
 0 v busy la/ night ) ! new problems 9  
geometry4 ,i hope y _h a good "t4  ,v4  
,two or ?ree ( our girls 7 !re4 ,rosa   
,milburn4 ,:at a beauty %e is6 ,i wond] 
:at %e fe$s on6 ,w9e & musk & *lor(orm &
 coals ( fire1 ,i believe2 ,i didn't ?9k
 !re 0 su* color & flavor 9 a woman     
outside ! tropics4  ,miss ,d>ley smil$ r
 fa9tly2 ! imag]y 0 n j to h] ta/e3     
fem9eity (t5 f9ds x v h>d to accept !   
fact ( muliebrity4  ,0----8  ,%e /opp$  
%ort2 b h] "q _h ask$ itself4  ,elsie   
!re8 ,%e 01 = an h\r or s4 ,%e look$    

frightfully h&some4 ,i meant to h spok5 
to h]1 b %e slipp$ away be=e ,i knew x4 
,i ?\ght %e meant to g to ! p>ty1 said  
,miss ,d>ley4 ,did %e look at y8  ,%e   
did4 ,:y8  ,& y did n speak to h]8  ,no4
 ,i %\ld h spok5 to h]1 b %e 0 gone :5  
,i look$ = h]4 ,a /range creature6      
,isn't !re an odd sort ( fasc9ation ab\t
 h]8 ,y h n expla9$ all ! my/]y ab\t !  
girl4 ,:at does %e come to ?is s*ool =8 
,%e seems to d pretty mu* z %e likes    
ab\t /udy+4  ,miss ,d>ley answ]$ 9 v l[ 
tones4 ,x 0 a fancy ( h]s to come1 & !y 
let h] h h] way4 ,i don't "k :at !re is 
ab\t h]1 except t %e seems to take my   
life out ( me :5 %e looks at me4 ,i     
don't l to ask o!r p ab\t our girls4 ,%e
 says v little to anybody1 & /udies1 or 
makes believe /udy1 almo/ :at %e likes4 
,i don't "k :at %e is1 7,miss ,d>ley    
laid h] h&1 trembl+1 on ! "y ma/]'s     
sleeve17 b ,i c tell :5 %e is 9 ! room  
)\t see+ or he>+ h]4 ,oh1 ,mr4 ,langdon1
 ,i am weak & n]v\s1 & no d\bt          
fooli%1--b--if !re 7 wom5 n[1 z 9 ! days

 ( our ,savi\r1 possess$ ( devils1 ,i   
%\ld ?9k !re 0 some?+ n human look+ out 
( ,elsie ,v5n]'s eyes6  ,! poor girl's  
brea/ rose & fell tumultu\sly z %e      
spoke1 & h] voice labor$1 z if "s       
ob/ruction 7 ris+ 9 h] ?roat4  ,a sc5e  
might possibly h come ( x1 b ! door     
op5$4 ,mr4 ,silas ,peckham4 ,miss ,d>ley
 got away z soon z %e well c\ld4  ,:y   
did n ,miss ,d>ley g to ! p>ty la/ ev5+8
 said ,mr4 ,b]n>d4  ,well1 ! fact is1   
answ]$ ,mr4 ,silas ,peckham1 ,miss      
,d>ley1 %e's pootty mu* took up ) !     
s*ool4 ,%e's an indu/ris "y woman1--yis1
 %e is indu/ris1--b p]haps %e a'n't q s 
spry a work] z "s4 ,maybe1 consid]9'    
%e's paid = h] "t1 %e isn't fur out o' !
 way 9 occoopy9' h]self ev59's1--t is1  
if s be %e a'n't sm>t en\gh to f9i% up  
all h] "w 9 ! daytime4 ,edoocation is ! 
great bus9ess ( ! ,in/itoot4 ,amoosem5ts
 are objec's ( a second>y natur'1       
accord9' to my v'oo4 ,! unspellable     
pronunciation ( ?is ^w is ! t\*/one (   
,new ,engl& ,brahm9ism4  ,mr4 ,b]n>d    

drew a deep brea?1 8 ?9 no/rils dilat+1 
z if ! air did n ru% 9 fa/ en\gh to cool
 8 blood1 :ile ,silas ,peckham 0 speak+4
 ,! ,head ( ! ,apoll9ean ,in/itute      
deliv]$ himself ( ^! judici\s s5tim5ts 9
 t peculi> acid1 p5etrat+ tone1 wadd$ ) 
a nasal twang1 :i* n r>ely becomes      
h]$it>y aft] ?ree or f\r g5]ations rais$
 ^u ea/ w9ds1 salt fi%1 & l>ge1         
:ite-belli$1 pickl$ cucumb]s4 ,he spoke 
delib]ately1 z if weigh+ 8 words well1 s
 t1 dur+ 8 few rem>ks1 ,mr4 ,b]n>d _h "t
 = a m5tal accompanim5t ) v>iations1    
acc5t$ by c]ta9 bodily *anges1 :i*      
escap$ ,mr4 ,peckham's obs]vation4 ,fir/
 !re 0 a feel+ ( disgu/ & %ame at he>+  
,hel5 ,d>ley spok5 ( l a dumb work+     
animal4 ,t s5t ! blood up into 8 *eeks4 
,!n ! slur ^u h] probable want ( =ce--h]
 incapacity1 :o made ! "* ( ! s*ool &   
left ?is man to pocket its pr(its--s5t a
 ?rill ( ! old ,w5twor? fire ?r\gh him1 
s t 8 muscles h>d5$1 8 h&s clos$1 & he  
took ! measure ( ,mr4 ,silas ,peckham1  
to see if 8 head w\ld /rike ! wall 9    

case he w5t ov] backw>ds all ( a sudd54 
,?is w\ld n d1 ( c\rse1 & s ! ?rill     
pass$ (f & ! muscles s(t5$ aga94 ,!n    
came t /ate ( t5d]ness 9 ! he>t1 ov]ly+ 
wra? 9 ! /oma*1 9 :i* ! eyes gr[ moi/ l 
a woman's1 & !re is also a great        
boil+-up ( objectionable t]ms out ( !   
deep-wat] vocabul>y1 s t ,prud5ce &     
,propriety & all ! o!r pi\s ,ps h to    
jump ^u ! lid ( spee* to keep !m f boil+
 ov] into fi]ce articulation4 ,all ?is 0
 int]nal1 *iefly1 & ( c\rse n recogniz$ 
by ,mr4 ,silas ,peckham4 ,! idea1 t any 
full-gr[n1 s5sible man %\ld h any o!r   
notion ?an t ( gett+ ! mo/ "w = ! lea/  
money out ( 8 assi/ants1 _h nev] sugge/$
 itself to him4  ,mr4 ,b]n>d _h gone    
?r\gh ?is p>oxysm1 & cool$ d[n1 9 !     
p]iod :ile ,mr4 ,peckham 0 utt]+ ^!     
words 9 8 ?91 %all[ :9e1 twang+ up into 
! frontal s9uses4 ,:at 0 ! use ( los+ 8 
temp] & ?r[+ away 8 place1 & s1 among ! 
consequ5ces :i* w\ld necess>ily foll[1  
leav+ ! poor lady-tea*] )\t a fri5d to  
/& by h] ready to lay 8 h& on !         

gr&-inquisitor be=e ! w9dlass ( 8 rack  
_h tak5 "o turn too _m8  ,no d\bt1 ,mr4 
,peckham1 he said1 9 a grave1 calm      
voice1 !re is a great deal ( "w to be   
done 9 ! s*ool2 b p]haps we c di/ribute 
! duties a little m ev5ly aft] a "t4 ,i 
%all look ov] ! girls' !mes myself1 aft]
 ?is week4 ,p]haps !re w be "s o!r p>ts 
( h] labor t ,i c take on myself4 ,we c 
arrange a new programme ( /udies &      
recitations4  ,we c d t1 said ,mr4      
,silas ,peckham4 ,b ,i don't propose    
mat]'lly alt]9' ,miss ,d>ley's dooties4 
,i don't ?9k %e works to hurt h]self4   
,"s ( ! ,tru/ees h propos$ int]doos9'   
new bran*es ( /udy1 & ,i expect y w be  
pootty mu* occoopi$ ) ! dooties t belong
 to y\r place4 ,on ! ,sabba? y w be able
 to att5d div9e s]vice ?ree times1 :i*  
is expect$ ( our tea*]s4 ,i %all cont9oo
 myself to give ,sabba?                 
,scriptur'-read9's to ! "y ladies4 ,t is
 a solemn dooty ,i c't make up my m9d to
 commit to o!r p4 ,my tea*]s enjoy !    
,"l's day z a day ( re/4 ,9 x !y d no   

mann] ( "w1--except 9 cases ( necessity 
or m]cy1 su* z fill9' out diplomas1 or  
:5 we git cr[d$ je/ at ! end ( a t]m1 or
 :5 !re is an extry numb] ( poopils1 or 
o!r ,provid5tial call to disp5se ) !    
ord9ance4  ,mr4 ,b]n>d _h a f9e gl[ 9 8 
*eeks by ?is "t1--d\btless k9dl$ by !   
?\ght ( ! k9d consid]ation ,mr4 ,peckham
 %[$ = 8 subord9ates 9 all[+ !m !       
betwe5-meet+-"t on ,sundays except = "s 
special reason4 ,b ! morn+ 0 we>+ away2 
s he w5t to ! s*ool-room1 tak+ leave v  
prop]ly ( 8 respect$ pr9cipal1 :o soon  
took 8 hat & dep>t$4  ,mr4 ,peckham     
visit$ c]ta9 /ores or %ops1 :]e he made 
inquiries aft] v>i\s articles 9 !       
provision-l9e1 & effect$ a pur*ase or   
two4 ,two or ?ree b>rels ( potatoes1 :i*
 _h spr\t$ 9 a promis+ way1 he secur$ at
 a b>ga94 ,a side ( fem99e beef 0 also  
obta9$ at a l[ figure4 ,he 0 entirely   
satisfi$ ) a c\ple ( b>rels ( fl\r1 :i*1
 be+ invoic$ slightly damag$1 7 to be _h
 at a reasonable price4  ,aft] ?is1     
,silas ,peckham felt 9 good spirits4 ,he

 _h done a pretty /roke ( bus9ess4 ,x   
came into 8 head :e!r he might n foll[ x
 up ) a /ill m brilliant speculation4 ,s
 he turn$ 8 /eps 9 ! direction (        
,colonel ,spr[le's4  ,x 0 n[ elev5      
o'clock1 & ! battlefield ( la/ ev5+ 0 z 
we left x4 ,mr4 ,peckham's visit 0      
unexpect$1 p]haps n v well tim$1 b !    
,colonel receiv$ him civilly4           
,beautifully light$1--^! rooms la/      
night6 said ,mr4 ,peckham4 ,w9t]-/ra9$8 
,! ,colonel nodd$4  ,h[ mu* d y pay =   
y\r w9t]-/ra9$8  ,! ,colonel told him ! 
price4  ,v hahnsome supp]1--v hahnsome6 
,no?9' ev] se5 l x 9 ,rockl&4 ,mu/ h be5
 a great heap ( ?+s left ov]4  ,!       
complim5t 0 n ungrateful1 & ! ,colonel  
ackn[l$g$ x by smil+ & say+1 ,i %\ld ?9k
 !' 0 a trifle6 ,come & look4  ,:5      
,silas ,peckham saw h[ _m delicacies _h 
surviv$ ! ev5+'s conflict1 8 comm]cial  
_s rose at once to ! po9t ( a proposal4 
,colonel ,spr[le1 said he1 !re's meat & 
cakes & pies & pickles en\gh on t table 
to spread a hahnsome colation4 ,if y'd l

 to trade reasonable1 ,i ?9k p]haps ,i  
%\ld be will9' to take 'em (f y\r h&s4  
,!re's be5 a talk ab\t our hav9' a      
celebration 9 ! ,p>nassian ,grove1 & ,i 
?9k ,i c\ld "w 9 :at y\r folks don't    
want & make myself :ole by *>g9' a small
 sum = tickets4 ,brok5 meats1 ( c\rse1  
a'n't ( ! same valoo z fre% provisions2 
s ,i ?9k y might be will9' to trade     
reasonable4  ,mr4 ,peckham paus$ & re/$ 
on 8 proposal4 ,x w\ld n1 p]haps1 h be5 
v extraord9>y1 if ,colonel ,spr[le _h   
ent]ta9$ ! proposition4 ,!re is no tell+
 be=eh& h[ su* ?+s w /rike p4 ,x didn't 
happ5 to /rike ! ,colonel favorably4 ,he
 _h a little r$-blood$ manhood 9 him4   
,sell y !m ?+s to make a colation out (8
 ! ,colonel repli$4 ,walk up to t table1
 ,mr4 ,peckham1 & help y\rself6 ,fill   
y\r pockets1 ,mr4 ,peckham6 ,fet* a     
basket1 & our hir$ folks %all fill x    
full = ye6 ,s5d a c>t1 if y' l1 'n' c>ry
 (f !m leav9's to make a celebration =  
y\r pupils )6 ,only let me tell ye      
?is3--z sure's my "n's ,hezekiah        

,spra[le1 y'll be kn[n ?r\gh ! ta[n 'n' 
?r\gh ! ca\nty1 f t day =r>d1 z !       
,pr9cipal ( ! ,brok5-,victuals          
,in/itoot6  ,ev5 prov9cial human-nature 
sometimes has a t\* ( sublimity ab\t x4 
,mr4 ,silas ,peckham _h gone a little   
deep] ?an he meant1 & come ^u ! h>d pan1
 z ! well-digg]s call x1 ( ! ,colonel's 
"*1 be=e he ?\ght ( x4 ,a               
militia-colonel /&+ on 8 s5tim5ts is n  
to be despis$4 ,t 0 %[n pretty well 9   
,new ,engl& two or ?ree g5]ations ago4  
,!re 7 a good _m pla9 (fic]s t talk$    
ab\t _! rigim5t & _! ca\nty :o knew v   
well h[ to say ,make ready6 ,take aim6  
,fire6--9 ! face ( a l9e ( gr5adi]s )   
bullets 9 _! guns & bayonets on !m4 ,&  
?\gh a ru/ic uni=m is n always          
unexceptionable 9 its cut & trimm+s1 yet
 !re 0 _m an ill-made coat 9 ^? old     
times t 0 good en\gh to be %[n to !     
enemy's front rank1 too (t5 to be left  
on ! field ) a r\nd hole 9 its left     
lapel t mat*$ ano!r go+ "r ?r\gh ! brave
 he>t ( ! pla9 c\ntry capta9 or major or

 colonel :o 0 buri$ 9 x "u ! crimson    
turf4  ,mr4 ,silas ,peckham said little 
or no?+4 ,8 s5sibilities 7 n acute1 b he
 p]ceiv$ t he _h made a miscalculation4 
,he hop$ t !re 0 no (f5ce1--?\ght x     
might h be5 mutooally agreeable1        
conclood$ he w\ld give up ! idee ( a    
colation1 & back$ himself out z if      
unwill+ to expose ! less gu>d$ aspect ( 
8 p]son to ! risk ( accel]at+ impulses4 
,! ,colonel %ut ! door1--ca/ 8 eye on ! 
toe ( 8 "r boot1 z if x _h _h a /rong   
temptation1--look$ at 8 wat*1 !n r\nd ! 
room1 &1 go+ to a cupbo>d1 swall[$ a    
glass ( deep-r$ br&y & wat] to compose 8
 feel+s4   ,,*apt] ,,ix4  ,,! ,,doctor  
,,ord]s ,,! ,,be/ ,,sulky4   7,) a      
,digression on ,hir$ ,help7  ,abel6     
,slip ,cassia into ! new sulky1 & fet*  
h] r\nd4  ,abel 0 ,dr4 ,kittr$ge's hir$ 
man4 ,he 0 born 9 ,new ,hamp%ire1 a que]
 sort ( a ,/ate1 ) fat /reaks ( soil &  
population :]e !y bre$ giants 9 m9d &   
body1 & lean /reaks :i* export          
imp]fectly n\ri%$ "y m5 ) promis+ b     

neglect$ appetites1 :o may be f\nd 9    
great numb]s 9 all ! l>ge t[ns1 or c\ld 
be until ( late ye>s1 :5 !y h be5 half  
driv5 out ( _! favorite basem5t-/ories  
by =eign]s1 & half coax$ away f !m by   
,cali=nia4 ,new ,hamp%ire is 9 m ?an "o 
s5se ! ,switz]l& ( ,new ,engl&4 ,!      
,granite ,/ate be+ naturally en\gh      
defici5t 9 pudd+-/one1 its *ildr5 are   
apt to w&] s\?w>d 9 se>* ( t deposit1--9
 ! unpetrifi$ condition4  ,abel ,/ebb9s 
0 a good specim5 ( t extraord9>y hybrid 
or mule betwe5 democracy & *rysocracy1 a
 native-born ,new-,engl& s]v+-man4 ,!   
,old ,_w has no?+ at all l him4 ,he is  
at once an emp]or & a subord9ate4 ,9 "o 
h& he holds "o five-million? "p 7be !   
same m or less7 ( ! p[] t sways !       
de/9ies ( ! ,great ,republic4 ,8 o!r h& 
is 9 y\r boot1 :i* he is ab\t to poli%4 
,x is impossible to turn a fell[-citiz5 
^: vote may make 8 ma/]--say1 r1        
employ]--,gov]nor or ,presid5t1 or :o   
may be "o or bo? himself1 into a flunky4
 ,t article mu/ be import$ ready-made f 

o!r c5tres ( civilization4 ,:5 a        
,new-,engl&] has lo/ 8 self-respect z a 
citiz5 & z a man1 he is demoraliz$1 & _c
 be tru/$ ) ! money to pay = a d9n]4  ,x
 may be suppos$1 !re=e1 t ?is fractional
 emp]or1 ?is cont95t-%ap]1 f9ds 8       
position awkw>d :5 he goes into s]vice1 
& t 8 employ] is apt to f9d x /ill m    
emb>rass+4 ,x is always "u prote/ t !   
hir$ man does 8 duty4 ,e act ( s]vice is
 subject to ! drawback1 ,i am z good z y
 are4 ,?is is s common1 at lea/1 z almo/
 to be ! rule1 & p>tly acc\nts = ! rapid
 disappe>ance ( ! indig5\s dome/ic f !  
basem5ts above m5tion$4 ,paleontologi/s 
w by-&-by be exam9+ ! floors ( our      
kit*5s = tracks ( ! ext9ct native       
species ( s]v+-man4 ,! female ( ! same  
race is fa/ dy+ out2 inde$1 ! "t is n f>
 di/ant :5 all ! v>ieties ( "y woman w h
 vani%$ f ,new ,engl&1 z ! dodo has     
p]i%$ 9 ! ,mauritius4 ,! "y lady is all 
t we %all h left1 & ! mop & du/] ( ! la/
 ,almira or ,lozy w be />$ at by        
g5]ations ( ,bridgets & ,noras z t fam\s

 head & foot ( ! lo/ bird are />$ at 9 !
 ,a%molean ,museum4  ,abel ,/ebb9s1 !   
,doctor's man1 took ! true ,am]ican view
 ( 8 difficult position4 ,he sold 8 "t  
to ! ,doctor1 &1 hav+ sold x1 he took   
c>e to fulfil 8 half ( ! b>ga94 ,!      
,doctor1 on 8 "p1 treat$ him1 n l a     
g5tleman1 because "o does n ord] a      
g5tleman to br+ up 8 horse or run 8     
err&s1 b he treat$ him l a man4 ,e ord] 
0 giv5 9 c\rte\s t]ms4 ,8 reasonable    
privileges 7 respect$ z mu* z if !y _h  
be5 gu>anti$ "u h& & seal4 ,! ,doctor   
l5t him books f 8 own libr>y1 & gave him
 all fri5dly c\nsel1 z if he 7 a son or 
a y\ng] bro!r4  ,abel _h ,revolution>y  
blood 9 8 ve9s1 & ?\gh he saw fit to    
hire out1 he c\ld nev] /& ! ^w s]vant1  
or consid] himself ! inf]ior "o ( ! two 
high contract+ p>ties4 ,:5 he came to   
live ) ! ,doctor1 he made up 8 m9d he   
w\ld dismiss ! old g5tleman1 if he did n
 behave accord+ to 8 notions (          
propriety4 ,b he soon f\nd t ! ,doctor 0
 "o ( ! "r sort1 & s det]m9$ to keep    

him4 ,! ,doctor soon f\nd1 on 8 side1 t 
he _h a tru/wor?y1 intellig5t fell[1 :o 
w\ld be invaluable to him1 if he only   
let him h 8 own way ( do+ :at 0 to be   
done4  ,! ,doctor's hir$ man _h n !     
mann]s ( a ,fr5* valet4 ,he 0 grave &   
taciturn = ! mo/ "p1 he nev] b[$ & r>ely
 smil$1 b 0 always at "w 9 ! daytime &  
always read+ 9 ! ev5+4 ,he 0 ho/l]1 &   
did all ! h\sework t a man c\ld prop]ly 
d1 w\ld g to ! door or t5d table1 b\ght 
! provisions = ! family1--9 %ort1 did   
almo/ ev]y?+ = !m b get _! clo?+4 ,!re 0
 no (fice 9 a p]fectly appo9t$ h\sehold1
 f t ( /ew>d d[n to t ( /able-boy1 :i*  
he did n *e]fully assume4 ,8 r\nd ( "w n
 consum+ all 8 en]gies1 he mu/ ne$s     
cultivate ! ,doctor's g>d51 :i* he kept 
9 "o p]petual bloom1 f ! bl[+ ( ! fir/  
crocus to ! fad+ ( ! la/ dahlia4  ,?is  
g>d5 0 ,abel's poem4 ,its half-doz5 b$s 
7 s _m cantos4 ,nature cr[d$ !m = him ) 
imag]y su* z no ,laureate c\ld copy 9 ! 
cold mosaic ( language4 ,! rhy?m (      
alt]nat+ dawn & sunset1 ! /rophe &      

anti/rophe /ill p]ceptible ?r\gh all !  
sudd5 %ifts ( our di?yrambic seasons &  
e*o$ 9 correspond+ floral h>monies1 made
 melody 9 ! s\l ( ,abel1 ! pla9 s]v+-   
man4 ,x s(t5$ 8 :ole o!rwise rigid      
aspect4 ,he wor%ipp$ ,god accord+ to !  
/rict way ( 8 fa!rs2 b a flori/'s       
,puritanism is always color$ by ! petals
 ( 8 fl[]s1--& ,nature nev] %[s him a   
black corolla4  ,p]haps he may h little 
or no?+ to d 9 ?is n>rative2 b z !re mu/
 be "s :o conf\nd ! ,new-,engl& hir$    
man1 native-born1 ) ! s]vant ( =eign    
bir?1 & z !re is ! diff]5ce ( two       
cont95ts & two civilizations betwe5 !m1 
x did n seem fair to let ,abel br+ r\nd 
! ,doctor's m>e & sulky )\t t\*+ 8      
features 9 half-%ad[ into our backgr\nd4
  ,! ,doctor's m>e1 ,cassia1 0 s call$  
by h] ma/] f h] c9namon color1 cassia   
be+ "o ( ! pr(essional names = t spice  
or drug4 ,%e 0 ( ! %ade we call sorrel1 
or1 z an ,engli%man w\ld p]haps say1    
*e/nut1--a g5u9e ,morgan m>e1 ) a l[    
=eh&1 z is common 9 ?is bre$1 b ) /rong 

qu>t]s & flat hocks1 well ribb$ up1 ) a 
good eye & a pair ( lively e>s1--a      
fir/-rate doctor's bea/1--w\ld /& until 
h] h>ness dropp$ (f h] back at ! door ( 
a t$i\s case1 & trot ov] hill & dale    
?irty miles 9 ?ree h\rs1 if !re 0 a *ild
 9 ! next c\nty ) a bean 9 its w9dpipe &
 ! ,doctor gave h] a h9t ( ! fact4      
,cassia 0 n l>ge1 b %e _h a good deal ( 
action1 & 0 ! ,doctor's %[-horse4 ,!re 7
 two o!r animals 9 8 /able3 ,quassia or 
,qua%y1 ! black horse1 & ,cau/ic1 ! old 
bay1 ) :om he jogg$ r\nd ! village4  ,a 
long ride to-day8 said ,abel1 z he      
br\ght up ! equipage4  ,j out ( !       
village1--t's all4--,!re's a k9k 9 h]   
mane1--pull x out1 w y8  ,go9' to visit 
"s ( ! great folks1 ,abel said to       
himself4 ,wond] :o x is4--,!n to !      
,doctor1--,anybody get sick at          
,spr[les's8 ,!y say ,deacon ,sop] _h a  
fit1 aft] eat9' "s o' _! froz5 victuals4
  ,! ,doctor smil$4 ,he guess$ ! ,deacon
 w\ld d well en\gh4 ,he 0 only go+ to   
ride ov] to ! ,dudley mansion-h\se4     

,,*apt] ,x4  ,,! ,,doctor ,,calls ,,on  
,,elsie ,,v5n]4   ,if t primitive       
physician1 ,,*iron1 ,m4,d41 appe>s z a  
,c5taur1 z we look at him ?r\gh ! lapse 
( ?irty c5turies1 ! mod]n c\ntry-doctor1
 if he c\ld be se5 ab\t ?irty miles (f1 
c\ld n be di/+ui%$ f a :eel-animalcule4 
,he inhabits a :eel-c>riage4 ,he ?9ks ( 
/ation>y dwell+s z ,long ,tom ,c(f9 did 
( l& 9 g5]al2 a h\se may be well en\gh =
 incid5tal purposes1 b = a /iddy        
resid5ce give him a k]ridge4 ,if he is  
classifi$ 9 ! ,l9naean scale1 he mu/ be 
set d[n ?us3 ,g5us ,homo2 ,species      
,rotif] infusorius1--! :eel-animal (    
infusions4  ,! ,dudley mansion 0 n a    
mile f ! ,doctor's2 b x nev] occurr$ to 
him to ?9k ( walk+ to see any ( 8       
pati5ts' families1 if he _h any         
pr(essional object 9 8 visit4 ,:5ev] !  
n>r[ sulky turn$ 9 at a gate1 ! ru/ic :o
 0 digg+ potatoes1 or hoe+ corn1 or     
swi%+ ?r\gh ! grass ) 8 scy! 9 wave-l   
cresc5ts1 or /epp+ %ort beh9d a load$   
:eel-b>r[1 or trudg+ lazily by ! side ( 

! sw++1 loose-?roat$1 %ort-legg$ ox51   
rock+ along ! road z if !y _h j be5 l&$ 
aft] a ?ree-mon?s' voyage1--! toil+     
native1 :atev] he 0 do+1 /opp$ & look$  
up at ! h\se ! doctor 0 visit+4         
,somebody sick ov] !re t' ,haynes's4    
,guess ?' old man's ail9' ag'94 ,w9d]'s 
haf-way op5 9 ! *amb]1--%\ldn't wond] 'f
 he 0 dead & laid a\t4 ,doct]9' a'n't no
 use1 :5 y' see ! w9d]s op5 l t4 ,wahl1 
money a'n't mu* to speak ( to ?' old man
 na[6 ,he don't want b tew c5ts1--& old 
,widah ,peake1 %e kn[s :at he wants !m  
=6  ,or aga91--  ,measles ra\nd pootty  
?ick4 ,briggs's folks's' buri$ two      
*ildr5 ) 'em la/ week4 ,?' old ,doctor1 
he'd h' k]'d 'em ?reugh4 ,/ruck 9 'n'   
p'dooe$ mot'f cation1--s !y say4  ,?is  
is only meant z a sample ( ! k9d ( way  
!y us$ to ?9k or talk1 :5 ! n>r[ sulky  
turn$ 9 at ! gate ( "s h\se :]e !re 0 a 
visit to be made4  ,oh1 t n>r[ sulky6   
,:at hopes1 :at fe>s1 :at com=t1 :at    
angui%1 :at despair1 9 ! roll ( its com+
 or its p>t+ :eels6 ,9 ! spr+1 :5 ! old 

p get ! c\ghs :i* give !m a few %akes & 
_! lives drop 9 pieces l ! a%es ( a     
burn$ ?read :i* h kept ! ?readlike %ape 
until !y 7 /irr$1--9 ! hot summ] noons1 
:5 ! /rong man comes 9 f ! fields1 l !  
son ( ! ,%unamite1 cry+1 ,my head1 my   
head1--9 ! dy+ autumn days1 :5 y\? &    
maid5 lie fev]-/rick5 9 _m a h\sehold1  
/ill-fac$1 dull-ey$1 d>k-flu%$1         
dry-lipp$1 l[-mutt]+ 9 _! daylight      
dreams1 _! f+]s mov+ s+ly l ^? ( slumb]+
 h>p]s1--9 ! dead w9t]1 :5 ! :ite plague
 ( ! ,nor? has cag$ its wa/$ victims1   
%udd]+ z !y ?9k ( ! froz5 soil :i* mu/  
be qu>ri$ l rock to receive !m1 if _!   
p]petual convalesc5ce %\ld happ5 to be  
int]f]$ ) by any unt[>d accid5t1--at e  
season1 ! n>r[ sulky roll$ r\nd freight$
 ) unmeasur$ burd5s ( joy & woe4  ,!    
,doctor drove along ! s\!rn foot ( ,!   
,m\nta94 ,! ,dudley mansion 0 ne> !     
ea/]n edge ( ?is declivity1 :]e x rose  
/eepe/1 ) balde/ cliffs & d5se/ pat*es (
 ov]-hang+ wood4 ,x seem$ almo/ too /eep
 to climb1 b a practis$ eye c\ld see f a

 di/ance ! zigzag l9es ( ! %eep-pa?s :i*
 scal$ x l m9iature ,alp9e roads4 ,a few
 hundr$ feet up ,! ,m\nta9's side 0 a   
d>k1 deep dell1 unwood$1 save = a few   
sp9dl+1 crazy--look+ hackmatacks or     
native l>*es1 ) pallid gre5 tufts /ick+ 
out fanta/ically all ov] !m4 ,x %elv$ s 
deeply1 t1 :ile ! hemlock-tassels 7 sw++
 on ! trees ar\nd its bord]1 all w\ld be
 /ill at its spr+y bottom1 save t p]haps
 a s+le f]n w\ld wave sl[ly backw>d &   
=w>d l a sabre1 ) a twi/ z ( a fea!r$   
o>1--& ?is1 :5 n a brea? c\ld be felt1 &
 e o!r /em & blade 7 motionless4 ,!re 0 
an old /ory ( "o hav+ p]i%$ "h 9 ! w9t] 
( '#hf1 & 8 body hav+ be5 f\nd 9 !      
spr+1--:5ce its common "n ( ,dead-,man's
 ,holl[4 ,high] up !re 7 huge cliffs )  
*asms1 &1 x 0 ?\ght1 conceal$ caves1 :]e
 9 old times !y said t ,tories lay      
hid1--"s h9t$ n )\t occasional aid &    
com=t f ! ,dudleys !n liv+ 9 !          
mansion-h\se4 ,/ill high] & f>!r we/ lay
 ! accurs$ l$ge1--%unn$ by all1 unless x
 7 n[ & !n a d>+ y\?1 or a w&]+         

naturali/ :o v5tur$ to its edge 9 ! hope
 ( secur+ "s infantile ,crotalus        
durissus1 :o _h n yet cut 8 poison-tee?4
  ,long1 long ago1 9 old ,colonial      
times1 ! ,honorable ,?omas ,dudley1     
,esquire1 a man ( note & "n & great     
res\rces1 alli$ by desc5t to ! family ( 
,tom ,dudley1 z ! e>ly ,gov]nor is      
sometimes irrev]5tly call$ by our mo/   
v5]able1 b /ill y\?ful antiqu>y1--& to !
 o!r public ,dudleys1 ( c\rse1--( all ( 
:om he made small acc\nt1 z be+ himself 
an ,engli% g5tleman1 ) little ta/e = !  
spl5dors ( prov9cial (fice1--e>ly 9 !   
la/ c5tury1 ,?omas ,dudley _h built ?is 
mansion4 ,= sev]al g5]ations x _h be5   
dwelt 9 by desc5dants ( ! same "n1 b    
soon aft] ! ,revolution x pass$ by      
m>riage into ! h&s ( ! ,v5n]s1 by :om x 
_h ev] s9ce be5 held & t5ant$4  ,z !    
,doctor turn$ an angle 9 ! road1 all at 
once ! /ately old h\se rose be=e him4 ,x
 0 a skilfully manag$ effect1 z x well  
might be1 = x 0 no vulg> ,engli%        
ar*itect :o _h plann$ ! mansion &       

arrang$ its position & approa*4 ,! old  
h\se rose be=e ! ,doctor cr[n+ a t]rac$ 
g>d51 flank$ at ! left by a d\ble av5ue 
( tall elms4 ,! fl[]-b$s 7 edg$ ) box1  
:i* diffus$ ar\nd x t dreamy balsamic   
odor1 full ( ante-natal rem9isc5ces ( a 
lo/ ,p>adise1 dimly fragrant z might be 
! bdellium ( anci5t ,havilah1 ! l&      
compass$ by ! riv] ,pison t w5t out (   
,ed54 ,! g>d5 0 some:at neglect$1 b n 9 
disgrace1--& 9 ! "t ( tulips & hyac9?s1 
( roses1 ( sn[balls1 ( honeysuckles1 (  
lilacs1 ( syr+as1 x 0 ri* ) blossoms4   
,f ! front-w9d[s ( ! mansion ! eye rea*$
 a f> blue m\nta9-summit1--no r\nd$     
heap1 su* z (t5 %uts 9 a                
village-l&scape1 b a %>p peak1          
clean-angl$ z ,ascutney f ! ,d>tm\?     
gre54 ,a wide gap ?r\gh miles ( woods _h
 op5$ ?is di/ant view1 & %[$ m1 p]haps1 
?an all ! labors ( ! ar*itect & !       
l&scape-g>d5] ! l>ge /yle ( ! e>ly      
,dudleys4  ,! great /one *imney ( !     
mansion-h\se 0 ! c5tre f :i* all !      
artificial features ( ! sc5e appe>$ to  

fl[4 ,! ro(s1 ! gables1 ! dorm]-w9d[s1 !
 por*es1 ! clu/]$ (fices 9 ! re>1 all   
seem$ to cr[d ab\t ! great *imney4 ,to  
?is c5tral pill> ! pa?s all conv]g$4 ,! 
s+le popl> beh9d ! h\se1--,nature is    
jeal\s ( pr\d *imneys1 & always loves to
 put a popl> ne> "o1 s t x may fl+ a    
leaf or two d[n its black ?roat e       
autumn1--! "o tall popl> beh9d ! h\se   
seem$ to nod & :isp] to ! grave squ>e   
column1 ! elms to sway _! bran*es t[>ds 
x4 ,& :5 ! blue smoke rose f its summit1
 x seem$ to be waft$ away to jo9 ! azure
 haze :i* hung ar\nd ! peak 9 ! f>      
di/ance1 s t bo? %\ld ba! 9 a common    
atmosph]e4  ,beh9d ! h\se 7 clumps (    
lilacs ) a c5tury's gr[? ^u !m1 & look+ 
m l trees ?an l %rubs4 ,%ad$ by a gr\p (
 ^! 0 ! anci5t well1 ( huge circuit1 & )
 a l[ ar* op5+ out ( its wall ab\t t5   
feet bel[ ! surface1--:e!r ! door ( a   
crypt = ! concealm5t ( treasure1 or ( a 
subt]ranean passage1 or m]ely ( a vault 
= keep+ provisions cool 9 hot wea!r1    
op9ions diff]$4  ,on look+ at ! h\se1 x 

0 pla9 t x 0 built ) ,old-,_w notions ( 
/r5g? & durability1 &1 s f> z might be1 
) ,old-,_w mat]ials4 ,! h+es ( ! doors  
/ret*$ out l arms1 in/ead ( l h&s1 z we 
make !m4 ,! bolts 7 massive en\gh = a   
donjon-keep4 ,! small w9d[-panes 7      
actually inclos$ 9 ! wood ( ! sa%es1    
in/ead ( be+ /uck to !m ) putty1 z 9 our
 mod]n w9d[s4 ,! broad /aircase 0 ( easy
 asc5t1 & 0 gu>d$ by qua9tly turn$ &    
twi/$ balu/]s4 ,! ceil+s ( ! two rooms (
 /ate 7 m\ld$ ) m$allion-portraits &    
ru/ic figures1 su* z may h be5 se5 by _m
 read]s 9 ! fam\s old ,philipse         
h\se1--,wa%+ton's headqu>t]s1--9 ! t[n (
 ,yonk]s4 ,! fireplaces1 wor?y ( !      
wide-?roat$ c5tral *imney1 7 bord]$ by  
pictur$ tiles1 "s ( !m ) ,scripture     
/ories1 "s ) ,watteau-l figures1--tall  
damsels 9 slim wai/s & ) spread en\gh ( 
skirt = a mod]n ballroom1 ) b[+1 recl9+1
 or musical swa9s ( :at ev]ybody calls !
 conv5tional sort1--t is1 ! swa9 adapt$ 
to g5teel society r ?an to a lit]al     
%eep-compell+ exi/5ce4  ,! h\se 0       

furni%$1 soon aft] x 0 complet$1 ) _m   
heavy articles made 9 ,london f a r>e   
wood j !n come into fa%ion1 n s r>e n[1 
& commonly kn[n z mahogany4 ,"t _h turn$
 x v d>k1 & ! /ately b$/eads & tall     
cab9ets & claw-foot$ *airs & tables 7 9 
keep+ ) ! sob] dignity ( ! anci5t       
mansion4 ,! old hang+s 7 yet pres]v$ 9 !
 *amb]s1 fad$1 b /ill %[+ _! ri*        
patt]ns1--prop]ly entitl$ to _! "n1 = !y
 7 lit]ally hung ^u flat wood5 frames l 
trellis-"w1 :i* aga9 7 secur$ to ! nak$ 
p>titions4 ,!re 7 portraits ( diff]5t   
date on ! walls ( ! v>i\s ap>tm5ts1 old 
pa9t$ coats-(-arms1 bevel-edg$ mirrors1 
& 9 "o sleep+-room a glass case ( wax-"w
 fl[]s & spangly symbols1 ) a leg5d     
signify+ t ,e4,m4 7suppos$ to be        
,elizabe? ,masc>5e7 wi%$ n to be =got   
,:5 ,i am dead & lay'd 9 du/   ,& all my
 bones are----  ,poor ,e4,m46 ,poor     
ev]ybody t sighs = e>?ly remembrance 9 a
 planet ) a core ( fire & a cru/ (      
fossils6  ,su* 0 ! ,dudley              
mansion-h\se1--= x kept its anci5t "n 9 

spite ( ! *ange 9 ! l9e ( desc5t4 ,its  
spaci\s ap>tm5ts look$ dre>y & desolate2
 = "h ,dudley ,v5n] & 8 daught] dwelt by
 !mselves1 ) su* s]vants only z _! quiet
 mode ( life requir$4 ,he almo/ liv$ 9 8
 libr>y1 ! we/]n room on ! gr\nd-floor4 
,its w9d[ look$ ^u a small plat ( gre51 
9 ! mid/ ( :i* 0 a s+le grave m>k$ by a 
pla9 m>ble slab4 ,except ?is room1 & !  
*amb] :]e he slept1 & ! s]vants' w+1 !  
re/ ( ! h\se 0 all ,elsie's4 ,%e 0      
always a re/less1 w&]+ *ild f h] e>ly   
ye>s1 & w\ld h h] little b$ mov$ f "o   
*amb] to ano!r1--flitt+ r\nd z ! fancy  
took h]4 ,sometimes %e w\ld drag a mat &
 a pill[ into "o ( ! great empty rooms1 
&1 wrapp+ h]self 9 a %awl1 coil up & g  
to sleep 9 a corn]4 ,no?+ fright5$ h]2 !
 haunt$ *amb]1 ) ! torn hang+s t flapp$ 
l w+s :5 !re 0 air /irr+1 0 "o ( h]     
favorite retreats4  ,%e _h be5 a v h>d  
creature to manage4 ,h] fa!r c\ld       
influ5ce1 b n gov]n h]4 ,old ,sophy1    
born ( a slave "m 9 ! h\se1 c\ld d m )  
h] ?an anybody1 kn[+ h] by long         

in/9ctive /udy4 ,! o!r s]vants 7 afraid 
( h]4 ,h] fa!r _h s5t = gov]nesses1 b   
none ( !m ev] /ay$ long4 ,%e made !m    
n]v\s2 "o ( !m _h a /range fit (        
sickness2 n "o ( !m ev] came back to !  
h\se to see h]4 ,a "y ,spani% woman :o  
taught h] danc+ succe$$ be/ ) h]1 = %e  
_h a passion = t ex]cise1 & _h ma/]$ "s 
( ! mo/ difficult dances4  ,long be=e   
?is p]iod1 %e _h manife/$ "s mo/        
extraord9>y s+ul>ities ( ta/e or in/9ct4
 ,! extreme s5sitiv5ess ( h] fa!r on ?is
 po9t prev5t$ any allusion to !m2 b !re 
7 /ories float+ r\nd1 "s ( !m ev5 gett+ 
into ! pap]s1--)\t h] "n1 ( c\rse1--:i* 
7 ( a k9d to excite int5se curiosity1 if
 n m anxi\s feel+s4 ,?is ?+ 0 c]ta91 t  
at ! age ( twelve %e 0 miss$ "o night1 &
 0 f\nd sleep+ 9 ! op5 air "u a tree1 l 
a wild creature4 ,v (t5 %e w\ld w&] (f  
by day1 always )\t a companion1 br++    
home ) h] a ne/1 a fl[]1 or ev5 a m     
que/ionable trophy ( h] ramble1 su* z   
%[$ t !re 0 no place :]e %e 0 afraid to 
v5ture4 ,once 9 a :ile %e _h /ay$ out   

ov] night1 9 :i* case ! al>m 0 spread1 &
 m5 w5t 9 se>* ( h]1 b nev]             
successfully1--s t "s said %e hid h]self
 9 trees1 & o!rs t %e _h f\nd "o ( ! old
 ,tory caves4  ,"s1 ( c\rse1 said %e 0 a
 crazy girl1 & ought to be s5t to an    
,asylum4 ,b old ,dr4 ,kittr$ge _h %ak5 8
 head1 & told !m to be> ) h]1 & let h] h
 h] way z mu* z !y c\ld1 b wat* h]1 z f>
 z possible1 )\t mak+ h] suspici\s ( !m4
 ,he visit$ h] n[ & !n1 "u ! pretext (  
see+ h] fa!r on bus9ess1 or ( only mak+ 
a fri5dly call4         99       99     
99       99       99  ,! ,doctor fa/5$ 8
 horse outside ! gate1 & walk$ up !     
g>d5-alley4 ,he /opp$ sudd5ly ) a />t4  
,a /range s\nd _h j>r$ ^u 8 e>4 ,x 0 a  
%>p prolong$ rattle1 cont9u\s1 b ris+ & 
fall+ z if 9 rhy?mical cad5ce4 ,he mov$ 
s(tly t[>ds ! op5 w9d[ f :i* ! s\nd     
seem$ to proce$4  ,elsie 0 alone 9 !    
room1 danc+ "o ( ^? wild ,moori%        
f&angos1 su* z a matador hot f ! ,plaza 
de ,toros ( ,seville or ,madrid might   
love to lie & gaze at4 ,%e 0 a figure to

 look ^u 9 sil5ce4 ,! danc+ fr5zy mu/ h 
seiz$ ^u h] :ile %e 0 dress+2 = %e 0 9  
h] bodice1 b>e-arm$1 h] hair float+     
unb\nd f> bel[ ! wai/ ( h] b>r$ or b&$  
skirt4 ,%e _h caught up h] ca/anets1 &  
rattl$ !m z %e danc$ ) a k9d (          
passionate fi]c5ess1 h] li! body        
undulat+ ) flexu\s grace1 h] diamond    
eyes glitt]+1 h] r\nd arms wrea?+ &     
unw9d+1 alive & vibrant to ! tips ( !   
sl5d] f+]s4 ,"s passion seem$ to exhau/ 
itself 9 ?is danc+ p>oxysm2 = all at    
once %e reel$ f ! middle ( ! floor1 &   
flung h]self1 z x 7 9 a c>eless coil1 ^u
 a great tig]'s-sk9 :i* 0 spread out 9  
"o corn] ( ! ap>tm5t4  ,! old ,doctor   
/ood motionless1 look+ at h] z %e lay   
pant+ on ! tawny1 black-l9$ robe ( !    
dead mon/]1 :i* /ret*$ out b5ea? h]1 its
 rude flatt5$ outl9e recall+ ! ,t]ror ( 
! ,jungle z he cr\*$ = 8 fatal spr+4 ,9 
a few mom5ts h] head droop$ ^u h] arm1 &
 h] glitt]+ eyes clos$1--%e 0 sleep+4   
,he /ood look+ at h] /ill1 /eadily1     
?\ghtfully1 t5d]ly4 ,pres5tly he lift$ 8

 h& to 8 =ehead1 z if recall+ "s fad+   
remembrance ( o!r ye>s4  ,poor ,catal9a6
  ,?is 0 all he said4 ,he %ook 8        
head1--imply+ t 8 visit w\ld be 9 va9   
to-day1--return$ to 8 sulky1 & rode     
away1 z if 9 a dream4         99        
99       99       99       99           
,,na?aniel ,,haw?orne4   ,! romance ( ,!
 ,m>ble ,faun w be widely welcom$1 n    
only = its intr9sic m]its1 b because x  
is a sign t its writ]1 aft] a sil5ce (  
sev5 or eight ye>s1 has det]m9$ to      
resume 8 place 9 ! ranks ( au?or%ip4 ,9 
8 preface he tells u1 t 9 ea* ( 8       
previ\s publications he _h unconsci\sly 
"o p]son 9 8 eye1 :om he /yles 8 g5tle  
read]4 ,he meant x = t "o cong5ial      
fri5d1 m compreh5sive ( 8 purposes1 m   
appreciative ( 84 success1 m indulg5t ( 
8 %ort-com+s1 &1 9 all respects1 clos] &
 k9d] ?an a bro!r1--t all-sympa?iz+     
critic1 9 %ort1 :om an au?or nev]       
actually meets1 b to :om he implicitly  
makes 8 appeal1 :5ev] he is consci\s (  
hav+ done 8 be/4 ,he believes t ?is     

read] did once exi/ = him1 & duly       
receiv$ ! scrolls he flung ^u :atev] w9d
 0 bl[+1 9 ! fai? t !y w\ld f9d him out4
 ,b1 he que/ions1 is he extant n[8 ,9 ^!
 _m ye>s s9ce he la/ he>d f me1 may he n
 h deem$ 8 e>?ly task accompli%$1 & h   
)drawn to ! p>adise ( g5tle read]s1     
:]ev] x may be1 to ! enjoym5ts ( :i* 8  
k9dly *>ity on my behalf mu/ surely h   
entitl$ him8 ,z we feel assur$ t        
,haw?orne's reputation has be5 /eadily  
gr[+ ) ! lapse ( "t1 he has no cause to 
fe> t ! longevity ( 8 g5tle read] w n   
equal 8 own4 ,z long z he writes1 !re w 
be read]s en\gh to admire & appreciate4 
,! publication ( ?is new romance seems  
to (f] u a fitt+ occasion to attempt "s 
description ( ! peculi>ities ( ! g5ius (
 :i* x is ! late/ (fspr+1 & to haz>d "s 
judgm5ts on its pr$ecessors4 ,x is m ?an
 tw5ty-five ye>s s9ce ,haw?orne began t 
rem>kable s]ies ( /ories & essays :i*   
are n[ collect$ 9 ! volumes (           
,twice-,told ,tales1 ,! ,sn[ ,image &   
o!r ,tales1 & ,mosses f an ,old ,manse4 

,f ! fir/ he 0 recogniz$ by su* read]s z
 he *anc$ to f9d z a man ( g5ius1 yet = 
a long "t he enjoy$1 9 8 own words1 !   
di/9ction ( be+ ! obscure/ man ( lett]s 
9 ,am]ica4 ,8 read]s 7 g5tle r ?an      
en?usia/ic2 _! f9e delight 9 8 creations
 0 a private p]ception ( subtile        
excell5ces ( ?\ght & /yle1 too ref9$ &  
self-satisfy+ to be contagi\s2 & !      
public 0 unt\*$1 :il/ ! g5tle read] 0   
full ( placid enjoym5t4 ,inde$1 we fe> t
 ?is k9d ( read] is some?+ ( an         
,epicurean1--receives a new g5ius z a   
private bless+1 s5t by a b5ign          
,provid5ce to quick5 a new life 9 8     
some:at jad$ s5se ( intellectual        
pleasure2 & aft] hav+ receiv$ a fre%    
s5sation1 he is apt to be s]5ely        
indiff]5t :e!r ! creator ( x />ve bodily
 or p9e m5tally f ! lack ( a cordial    
human %\t ( recognition4  ,!re w\ld     
appe>1 on a slight view ( ! matt]1 no   
reason = ! little notice :i* ,haw?orne's
 e>ly productions receiv$4 ,! subjects 7
 mo/ly drawn f ! traditions & writt5    

records ( ,new ,engl&1 & gave !         
beautiful /rang5ess ( imag9ation to     
objects1 incid5ts1 & *>act]s :i* 7      
famili> facts 9 ! popul> m9d4 ,! /yle1  
:ile x _h a purity1 sweetness1 & grace  
:i* satisfi$ ! mo/ fa/idi\s & exact+    
ta/e1 _h1 at ! same "t1 m ?an !         
simplicity & cle>ness ( an ord9>y       
s*ool-book4 ,b ?\gh ! subjects & ! /yle 
7 ?us popul>1 !re 0 some?+ 9 ! %ap+ &   
in=m+ _s :i* fail$ to awak5 int]e/1 or  
awak5$ int]e/ )\t excit+ delight4       
,misan?ropy1 :5 x has its s\rce 9       
passion1--:5 x is fi]ce1 bitt]1 fi]y1 & 
scornful1--:5 x vigor\sly e*oes !       
aggressive discont5t ( ! _w1 & furi\sly 
tramples on ! in/itutions & ! m5 luckily
 r ?an rightfully 9 ! asc5dant1--?is is 
always popul>2 b a misan?ropy :i* spr+s 
f insight1--a misan?ropy :i* is l\ng+1  
languid1 sad1 & depress+1--a misan?ropy 
:i* remorselessly looks ?r\gh curs+     
misan?ropes & *irp+ m5 ( ! _w ) ! same  
sure1 detect+ glance ( reason1--a       
misan?ropy :i* has no fanaticism1 & :i* 

ca/s ! same om9\s d\bt on subjectively  
morbid z on subjectively moral          
action1--a misan?ropy :i* has no respect
 = impulses1 b has a t]rible p]ception (
 spiritual laws1--?is is a misan?ropy   
:i* c expect no wide recognition2 & x   
w\ld be va9 to d5y t traces ( ?is k9d ( 
misan?ropy are to be f\nd 9 ,haw?orne's 
e>li]1 & are n altoge!r abs5t f 8 lat]  
works4 ,he _h spiritual insight1 b x did
 n p5etrate to ! s\rces ( spiritual joy2
 & 8 deepe/ glimpses ( tru? 7 calculat$ 
r to sadd5 ?an to inspire4 ,a bl&ly     
cynical di/ru/ ( human nature 0 ! result
 ( 8 mo/ pi]c+ glances into ! human s\l4
 ,he _h humor1 & sometimes humor ( a    
delici\s k9d2 b ?is sun%9e ( ! s\l 0 b  
sun%9e break+ ?r\gh or light+ up a      
sombre & om9\s cl\d4 ,!re 0 also        
obs]vable 9 8 e>li] /ories a lack (     
vigor1 z if ! p[] ( 8 nature _h be5     
impair$ by ! v process--:i* gave dep? & 
excursiv5ess to 8 m5tal vision4         
,?r\gh\t1 ! impression is convey$ ( a %y
 recluse1 alt]nately ba%ful 9           

disposition & bold 9 ?\ght1 gift$ )     
orig9al & v>i\s capacities1 b capacities
 :i* seem$ to h develop$ !mselves 9 !   
%ade1 )\t suffici5t en]gy ( w or desire 
to =ce !m1 except fitfully1 into !      
sunlight4 ,%akspe>e calls moonlight !   
sunlight sick2 & x is 9 "s su* moonlight
 ( ! m9d t ! g5ius ( ,haw?orne f\nd its 
fir/ expression4 ,a mild melan*oly1     
sometimes deep5+ into gloom1 sometimes  
bright5$ into a humor\s sadness1        
*>act]iz$ 8 e>ly creations4 ,l 8 own    
,hepzibah ,pyn*eon1 he appe>$ to be     
walk+ 9 a dream2 or r1 ! life & reality 
assum$ by 8 emotions made all outw>d    
occurr5ces unsub/antial1 l ! teas+      
phantasms ( an unconsci\s slumb]4 ,?\gh 
deal+ l>gely 9 description1 & ) ! mo/   
accurate p]ceptions ( outw>d objects1 he
 /ill1 to use aga9 8 own words1 gives ! 
impression ( a man *iefly accu/om$ to   
look inw>d1 & to :om ext]nal matt]s are 
( little value or import1 unless !y be> 
relation to some?+ )9 8 own m9d4 ,b t   
some?+ )9 8 own m9d 0 (t5 an unpleasant 

some?+1 p]haps a gha/ly occult p]ception
 ( de=mity & s9 9 :at appe>$ outw>dly   
fair & good2 s t ! read] felt a secret  
dissatisfaction ) ! disposition :i*     
direct$ ! g5ius1 ev5 9 ! homage he aw>d$
 to ! g5ius itself4 ,z psy*ological     
portraits ( morbid natures1 8           
del9eations ( "* might h giv5 a purely  
intellectual satisfaction2 b !re 0      
audible1 to ! delicate e>1 a fa9t &     
muffl$ gr[l ( p]sonal discont5t1 :i* %[$
 !y 7 n m]e ex]cises ( p5etrat+         
imag9ative analysis1 b _h 9 !m ! morbid 
vitality ( a despond5t mood4  ,yet1 aft]
 admitt+ ^! peculi>ities1 nobody :o is  
n[ drawn to ! ,twice-,told ,tales1 f 8  
int]e/ 9 ! lat] romances ( ,haw?orne1 c 
fail to wond] a little at ! limit$ numb]
 ( read]s !y attract$ on _! orig9al     
publication4 ,= _m ( ^! /ories are at   
once a repres5tation ( e>ly ,new-,engl& 
life & a criticism on x4 ,!y h mu* ( !  
deepe/ tru? ( hi/ory 9 !m4 ,! ,leg5ds ( 
! ,prov9ce ,h\se1 ,! ,gray ,*ampion1 ,! 
,g5tle ,boy1 ,! ,m9i/]'s ,black ,veil1  

,endicott & ! ,r$ ,cross1 n to m5tion   
o!rs1 conta9 important matt] :i* _c be  
f\nd 9 ,bancr(t or ,grahame4 ,!y exhibit
 ! inw>d /ruggles ( ,new-,engl& m5 &    
wom5 ) "s ( ! d>ke/ problems ( exi/5ce1 
& h m vital import to ?\ghtful m9ds ?an 
! records ( ,indian or ,revolution>y    
w>f>e4 ,9 ! ,prophetic ,pictures1       
,fancy's ,%[-,box1 ,! ,great ,c>buncle1 
,! ,haunt$ ,m9d1 & ,edw>d ,fane's       
,rose-,bud1 !re are fla%es ( moral      
insight1 :i* light up1 = ! mom5t1 !     
d>ke/ recesses ( ! individual m9d2 & few
 s]mons rea* to ! dep? ( ?\ght & s5tim5t
 f :i* ^! seem+ly airy sket*es draw _!  
sombre life4 ,x is common1 = in/ance1 = 
religi\s morali/s to insi/ on ! great   
spiritual tru?1 t wick$ ?\ghts &        
impulses1 :i* circum/ances prev5t f     
pass+ into wick$ acts1 are /ill de$s 9 !
 sight ( ,god2 b ! liv+ tru? subsides   
into a dead truism1 z en=c$ by          
commonplace prea*]s4 ,9 ,fancy's        
,%[-,box1 ,haw?orne seizes ! prolific   
idea2 & ! respectable m]*ant & respect$ 

*ur*-memb]1 9 ! /ill h\r ( 8 own        
m$itation1 convicts himself ( be+ a li>1
 *eat1 ?ief1 s$uc]1 & murd]]1 z he ca/s 
8 glance ov] ! m5tal ev5ts :i* =m 8     
spiritual biography4 ,int]sp]s$ ) s]i\s 
hi/ories & moralities l ^!1 are o!rs :i*
 embody ! sweet & playful1 ?\gh /ill    
?\ghtful & slightly saturn9e action (   
,haw?orne's m9d1--l ,! ,sev5 ,vagabonds1
 ,sn[-,flakes1 ,! ,lily's ,que/1 ,mr4   
,higg5bo?am's ,cata/rophe1 ,little      
,annie's ,ramble1 ,sights f a ,/eeple1  
,sunday at ,home1 & ,a ,rill f !        
,t[n-,pump4  ,! ,mosses f an ,old ,manse
 are intellectually & arti/ically an    
advance f ! ,twice-,told ,tales4 ,!     
tw5ty-?ree /ories & essays :i* make up !
 volumes are almo/ p]fect ( _! k9d4 ,ea*
 is complete 9 itself1 & _m might be    
exp&$ into long romances by ! simple    
me?od ( develop+ ! possibilities ( _!   
%ad[y types ( "* into appropriate       
incid5ts4 ,9 description1 n>ration1     
allegory1 humor1 reason1 fancy1         
subtilty1 inv5tiv5ess1 !y exce$ ! be/   

productions ( ,addison2 b !y want       
,addison's s5su\s cont5tm5t & sweet &   
k9dly _s4 ,?\gh ! au?or d5ies t he has  
exhibit$ 8 own individual attributes 9  
^! ,mosses1 ?\gh he pr(esses n to be "o 
( ^? supremely hospitable p :o s]ve up  
_! own he>ts delicately fri$1 )         
bra9-sauce1 z a titbit = _! belov$      
public1--yet x is none ! less app>5t t  
he has diffus$ ?r\gh ea* tale & sket* ! 
life ( ! m5tal mood to :i* x ow$ its    
exi/5ce1 & t "o individuality p]vades & 
colors ! :ole collection4 ,! defect ( ! 
s]i\s /ories is1 t "* is introduc$1 n z 
?9k+1 b z ! illu/ration ( ?\ght4 ,!     
p]sons are gho/ly1 ) a sad lack ( fle% &
 blood4 ,!y are phantasmal symbols ( a  
reflective & imag9ative analysis ( human
 passions & aspirations4 ,! dialogue1   
especially1 is booki%1 z ?\gh !         
p]sonages knew _! spee* 0 to be pr9t$1 &
 7 c>eful ( ! collocation & rhy?m ( _!  
words4 ,! au?or ?r\gh\t is evid5tly m   
int]e/$ 9 8 l>ge1 wide1 deep1 indol5tly 
s]5e1 & lazily sure & critical view ( ! 

conflict ( ideas & passions1 ?an he is )
 ! individuals :o embody !m4 ,he %[s    
moral insight )\t moral e>ne/ness4 ,he  
_c contract 8 m9d to ! pati5t del9eation
 ( a moral individual1 b attempts to use
 individuals 9 ord] to express ! la/    
results ( pati5t moral p]ception4 ,"y   
,goodman ,br[n & ,rog] ,malv9 are n     
p]sons2 !y are ! m]e1 loose1 p]sonal    
expression ( subtile ?9k+4 ,! ,cele/ial 
,railroad1 ,! ,procession ( ,life1      
,e>?'s ,holocau/1 ,! ,bosom ,s]p5t1     
indicate ?\ght ( a "* equally deep1     
delicate1 & compreh5sive1 b ! *>act]s   
are gho/s ( m5 r ?an sub/antial         
individualities4 ,9 ! ,mosses f an ,old 
,manse1 we are really /udy+ ! ph5om5a ( 
human nature1 :ile1 = ! "t1 we beguile  
ourselves into ! belief t we are foll[+ 
! =tunes ( individual natures4  ,up to  
?is "t ! writ+s ( ,haw?orne convey$ !   
impression ( a g5ius 9 :i* insight s    
dom9at$ ov] impulse1 t x 0 r m5tally &  
morally curi\s ?an m5tally & morally    
impassion$4 ,! quality evid5tly want+ to

 its full expression 0 int5sity4 ,9 !   
romance ( ,! ,sc>let ,lett] he fir/ made
 8 g5ius effici5t by p5etrat+ x )       
passion4 ,?is book =c$ itself into      
att5tion by its inh]5t p[]2 & ! au?or's 
"n1 previ\sly kn[n only to a limit$     
circle ( read]s1 sudd5ly became a       
famili> ^w 9 ! m\?s ( ! great read+     
public ( ,am]ica & ,engl&4 ,x may be    
said1 t x captivat$ nobody1 b took      
ev]ybody captive4 ,its p[] c\ld nei!r be
 d5i$ nor resi/$4 ,!re 7 gr[ls (        
disapprobation f novel-read]s1 t ,he/]  
,prynne & ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,dimmesdale 7    
subject$ to cruel puni%m5ts unkn[n to ! 
jurisprud5ce ( fiction1--t ! au?or 0 an 
inquisitor :o put 8 victims on !        
rack1--& t nei!r amusem5t nor delight   
result$ f see+ ! contortions & he>+ !   
groans ( ^! m>tyrs ( s92 b ! fact 0 no  
less pla9 t ,haw?orne _h = once compell$
 ! mo/ sup]ficial lov]s ( romance to    
submit !mselves to ! magic ( 8 g5ius4 ,!
 read]s ( ,dick5s vot$ him1 ) ?ree times
 ?ree1 to ! presid5cy ( _! republic (   

lett]s2 ! read]s ( ,haw?orne 7 caught by
 a c\p d'tat1 & fretfully submitt$ to a 
despot :om !y c\ld n depose4  ,! success
 ( ,! ,sc>let ,lett] is an example ( !  
advantage :i* an au?or ga9s by ! simple 
conc5tration ( 8 p[]s on "o absorb+     
subject4 ,9 ! ,twice-,told ,tales & !   
,mosses f an ,old ,manse ,haw?orne _h   
exhibit$ a wid] range ( sight & insight 
?an 9 ,! ,sc>let ,lett]4 ,inde$1 9 !    
little sket* ( ,endicott & ! ,r$ ,cross1
 writt5 tw5ty ye>s be=e1 he _h includ$ 9
 a few s5t5ces ! :ole matt] :i* he      
aft]w>ds treat$ 9 8 fam\s /ory4 ,9      
describ+ ! v>i\s inhabitants ( an e>ly  
,new-,engl& t[n1 z f> z !y 7            
repres5tative1 he t\*es incid5tally on a
 "y woman1 ) no mean %>e ( beauty1 ^:   
doom x 0 to we> ! lett] ,a on ! brea/ ( 
h] g[n1 9 ! eyes ( all ! _w & h] own    
*ildr54 ,& ev5 h] own *ildr5 knew :at t 
initial signifi$4 ,sport+ ) h] infamy1 !
 lo/ & desp]ate creature _h embroid]$ ! 
fatal tok5 9 sc>let clo?1 ) gold5 ?read 
& ! nice/ art ( ne$le-"w2 s t ! capital 

,a might h be5 ?\ght to mean ,admirable1
 or any?+1 r ?an ,adult]ess4 ,"h is !   
g]m ( ! :ole pa?os & t]ror ( ,! ,sc>let 
,lett]2 b x is h>dly not$ 9 ! ?rong (   
symbols1 equally p]t95t1 9 ! few pages (
 ! little sket* f :i* we h quot$4  ,two 
*>act]i/ics ( ,haw?orne's g5ius /&      
pla9ly out1 9 ! conduct & *>act]ization 
( ! romance ( ,! ,sc>let ,lett]1 :i* 7  
less obvi\sly prom95t 9 8 previ\s works4
 ,! fir/ relates to 8 subord9ation (    
ext]nal incid5ts to inw>d ev5ts4 ,mr4   
,james's solit>y horseman does m 9 "o   
*apt] ?an ,haw?orne's h]o 9 tw5ty       
*apt]s2 b !n ,james deals ) ! arms ( m51
 :ile ,haw?orne deals ) _! s\ls4        
,haw?orne relies almo/ entirely = !     
int]e/ ( 8 /ory on :at is felt & done )9
 ! m9ds ( 8 *>act]s4 ,ev5 8 mo/         
picturesque descriptions & n>ratives are
 only "o-t5? matt] to n9e-t5?s _s4 ,!   
results t foll[ f "o ext]nal act ( folly
 or crime are to him en\gh = an ,iliad (
 woes4 ,x might be suppos$ t 8 :ole !ory
 ( ,romantic ,art 0 bas$ on ^! trem5d\s 

l9es ( ,wordswor?3--                    
,action is mom5t>y1--   ,! motion ( a   
muscle1 ?is way or t3   ,suff]+ is long1
 obscure1 & inf9ite4  ,! second         
*>act]i/ic ( 8 g5ius is connect$ ) !    
fir/4 ,) 8 insight ( individual s\ls he 
comb9es a f> deep] insight ( ! spiritual
 laws :i* gov]n ! /range/ ab]rations (  
individual s\ls4 ,b x seems to u t 8    
m5tal eye1 ke5-sight$ & f>-sight$ z x   
is1 ov]looks ! m]ciful modifications ( !
 au/]e code ^: pitiless action x s      
cle>ly disc]ns4 ,9 8 long & pati5t      
brood+ ov] ! spiritual ph5om5a (        
,puritan life1 x is app>5t1 to ! lea/   
critical obs]v]1 t he has imbib$ a deep 
p]sonal antipa?y to ! ,puritanic ideal (
 "*2 b x is no less app>5t t 8 intellect
 & imag9ation h be5 /rangely fasc9at$ by
 ! ,puritanic idea ( ju/ice4 ,8 bra9 has
 be5 subtly infect$ by ! ,puritanic     
p]ception ( ,law1 )\t be+ w>m$ by !     
,puritanic fai? 9 ,grace4 ,individually1
 he w\ld mu* pref] to h be5 "o ( 8 own  
,sev5 ,vagabonds r ?an "o ( ! au/]e/    

prea*]s ( ! primitive *ur* ( ,new       
,engl&2 b ! au/]e/ prea*] ( ! primitive 
*ur* ( ,new ,engl& w\ld h be5 m t5d] &  
consid]ate to a real ,mr4 ,dimmesdale & 
a real ,he/] ,prynne ?an ?is mod]n      
romanc] has be5 to _! typical           
repres5tatives 9 ! _w ( imag9ation4     
,?r\gh\t ,! ,sc>let ,lett] we seem to be
 foll[+ ! guidance ( an au?or :o is     
p]sonally good-natur$1 b intellectually 
& morally rel5tless4  ,! ,h\se ( ! ,sev5
 ,gables1 ,haw?orne's next "w1 :ile x   
has less conc5tration ( passion & t5sion
 ( m9d ?an ,! ,sc>let ,lett]1 includes a
 wid] range ( obs]vation1 reflection1 & 
"*2 & ! morality1 dreadful z fate1 :i*  
hung l a black cl\d ov] ! p]sonages ( ! 
previ\s /ory1 is exhibit$ 9 m relief4   
,al?\gh ! book has no imag9ative        
creation equal to little ,pe>l1 x /ill  
conta9s num]\s examples ( *>act]ization 
at once delicate & deep4 ,clif=d1       
especially1 is a /udy 9 psy*ology1 z    
well z a m>vell\sly subtile del9eation (
 enfeebl$ manhood4 ,! g5]al idea ( !    

/ory is ?is1--t ! wrong-do+ ( "o        
g5]ation lives into ! successive ones1  
&1 dive/+ itself ( e tempor>y advantage1
 becomes a pure & uncontrollable        
mis*ief2 & ! mode 9 :i* ?is idea is     
c>ri$ out %[s great =ce1 f]tility1 &    
ref9em5t ( m9d4 ,a weird fancy1 sport+ )
 ! facts detect$ by a ke5 obs]vation1   
gives to e gable ( ! ,sev5 ,gables1 e   
room 9 ! ,h\se1 e burdock gr[+ rankly   
be=e ! door1 a symbolic significance4 ,!
 que] mansion is haunt$1--haunt$ )      
?\ghts :i* e mom5t are liable to take   
gho/ly %ape4 ,all ! ,pyn*eons :o h      
resid$ 9 x appe> to h infect$ ! v timb]s
 & walls ) ! spiritual ess5ce ( _!      
lives1 & ea* seems ready to pass f a    
memory into a pres5ce4 ,! /]n !ory ( !  
au?or reg>d+ ! h]$it>y transmission (   
family qualities1 & ! visit+ ( ! s9s ( !
 fa!rs on ! heads ( _! *ildr51 almo/ w9s
 our reluctant ass5t ?r\gh ! p]t9acity )
 :i* ! g5]ations ( ! ,pyn*eon race are  
made n m]ely to live 9 ! blood & bra9 ( 
_! desc5dants1 b to cl+ to _! old       

abid+-place on e>?1 s t to inhabit !    
h\se is to brea! ! ,pyn*eon s\l &       
assimilate ! ,pyn*eon individuality4 ,! 
:ole repres5tation1 ma/]ly z x is1      
consid]$ z an ef=t ( intellectual &     
imag9ative p[]1 w\ld /ill be morally    
bleak1 7 x n = ! sun%9e & w>m? radiat$ f
 ! "* ( ,phoebe4 ,9 ?is delightful      
creation ,haw?orne = once gives himself 
up to homely human nature1 & has succe$$
 9 del9eat+ a ,new-,engl& girl1 *e]ful1 
bloom+1 practical1 affectionate1        
effici5t1 full ( innoc5ce & happ9ess1 ) 
all ! h&9ess & native sagacity ( h]     
class1 & s true & close to ,nature t !  
process by :i* %e is slightly idealiz$  
is completely hidd54  ,9 ?is romance !re
 is also m humor ?an 9 any ( 8 o!r      
works4 ,x peeps out1 ev5 9 ! mo/ s]i\s  
passages1 9 a k9d ( demure rebellion    
aga9/ ! fanaticism ( 8 remorseless      
intellig5ce4 ,9 ! description ( !       
,pyn*eon p\ltry1 :i* we ?9k unexcell$ by
 any?+ 9 ,dick5s = qua9tly fanciful     
humor1 ! au?or seems to indulge 9 a sort

 ( p>ody on 8 own doctr9e ( ! h]$it>y   
transmission ( family qualities4 ,at any
 rate1 t /rutt+ *anticle]1 ) 8 two      
meagre wives & "o wiz5$ *ick51 is a sly 
side fle] at ! tragic aspect ( ! law (  
desc5t4 ,miss ,hepzibah ,pyn*eon1 h]    
%op1 & h] cu/om]s1 are s delightful1 t !
 read] w\ld will+ly sp>e a good deal (  
,clif=d & ,judge ,pyn*eon & ,holgrave1 =
 m details ( !m & ,phoebe4 ,uncle ,v5n]1
 also1 ! old wood-sawy]1 :o boa/s t he  
has se5 a good deal ( ! _w1 n only 9 p's
 kit*5s & back-y>ds1 b at !             
/reet-corn]s1 & on ! :>ves1 & 9 o!r     
places :]e 8 bus9ess call$ him1 & :o1 on
 ! /r5g? ( ?is compreh5sive exp]i5ce1   
feels qualifi$ to give ! f9al decision 9
 e case :i* tasks ! res\rces ( human    
wisdom1 is a v mu* m humane & int]e/+   
g5tleman ?an ! ,judge4 ,inde$1 "o _c b  
regret t ,haw?orne %\ld be s economical 
( 8 und\bt$ /ores ( humor1--& t1 9 ! two
 romances he has s9ce writt51 humor1 9 !
 =m ( "*1 does n appe> at all4  ,be=e   
proce$+ to ! consid]ation ( ,! ,bli!dale

 ,romance1 x is necess>y to say a few   
words on ! seem+ sep>ation ( ,haw?orne's
 g5ius f 8 w4 ,he has none ( t ability  
:i* enabl$ ,scott & enables ,dick5s to  
=ce _! p[]s into action1 & to make :at 0
 begun 9 drudg]y soon assume ! "* (     
inspiration4 ,haw?orne _c ?us use 8     
g5ius2 8 g5ius always uses him4 ,?is is 
s true1 t he (t5 succe$s bett] 9 :at    
calls =? 8 p]sonal antipa?ies ?an 9 :at 
calls =? 8 p]sonal sympa?ies4 ,8 life ( 
,g5]al ,pi]ce1 = in/ance1 is altoge!r   
de/itute ( life2 yet 9 writ+ x he mu/ h 
ex]t$ himself to ! utmo/1 z 8 object 0  
to urge ! claims ( an old & de> fri5d to
 ! ,presid5cy ( ! ,republic4 ,! /yle1 ( 
c\rse1 is excell5t1 z x is impossible = 
,haw?orne to write bad ,engli%1 b !     
g5ius ( ! man has des]t$ him4 ,g5]al    
,pi]ce1 :om he loves1 he draws s feebly1
 t "o d\bts1 :ile read+ ! biography1 if 
su* a man exi/s2 ,holl+swor?1 :om he    
hates1 is s vividly *>act]iz$1 t ! d\bt 
is1 :ile we read ! romance1 :e!r su* a  
man c possibly be fictiti\s4  ,midway   

betwe5 su* a "w z ! ,life ( ,g5]al      
,pi]ce & ,! ,sc>let ,lett] may be plac$ 
,! ,wond]-,book & ,tanglewood ,tales4 ,9
 ^! ,haw?orne's g5ius di/9ctly appe>s1 &
 appe>s 9 its mo/ lovable1 ?\gh n 9 its 
deepe/ =m4 ,^! delici\s /ories1 f\nd$ on
 ! my?ology ( ,greece1 7 writt5 =       
*ildr51 b !y delight m5 & wom5 z well4  
,haw?orne nev] pleases gr[n p s mu* z :5
 he writes ) an eye to ! enjoym5t (     
little p4  ,n[ ,! ,bli!dale ,romance is 
f> f be+ s pleas+ a p]=mance z          
,tanglewood ,tales1 yet x v mu* bett]   
illu/rates ! op]ation1 indicates !      
quality1 & expresses ! p[]1 ( ! au?or's 
g5ius4 ,8 great books appe> n s mu*     
creat$ by him z ?r\gh him4 ,!y h ! "* ( 
revelations1--he1 ! in/rum5t1 be+ (t5   
tr\bl$ ) ! burd5 !y impose on 8 m9d4 ,8 
pr(\nde/ glances into individual s\ls   
are l ! m>vels ( clairvoyance4 ,x w\ld  
seem1 t1 9 ! production ( su* a "w z ,! 
,bli!dale ,romance1 8 m9d _h hit        
accid5tally1 z x 71 on an idea or fact  
my/]i\sly relat$ to "s morbid s5tim5t 9 

! inmo/ core ( 8 nature1 & connect+     
itself ) num]\s scatt]$ obs]vations (   
human life1 ly+ unrelat$ 9 8 imag9ation4
 ,9 a sort ( m$itative dream1 8         
intellect drifts 9 ! direction to :i* ! 
subject po9ts1 broods pati5tly ov] x1   
looks at x1 looks into x1 & at la/ looks
 ?r\gh x to ! law by :i* x is gov]n$4   
,gradually1 individual be+s1 def9ite 9  
spiritual quality1 b %ad[y 9 sub/antial 
=m1 gr\p !mselves ar\nd ?is c5tral      
conception1 & by degrees assume an      
outw>d body & expression correspond+ to 
_! int]nal nature4 ,on ! dep? & int5sity
 ( ! m5tal mood1 ! =ce ( ! fasc9ation x 
ex]ts ov] him1 & ! l5g? ( "t x holds him
 captive1 dep5d ! solidity & sub/ance ( 
! individual *>act]izations4 ,9 ?is way 
,miles ,cov]dale1 ,holl+swor?1          
,we/]velt1 ,z5obia1 & ,priscilla become 
real p]sons to ! m9d :i* has call$ !m   
into be+4 ,he kn[s e secret & wat*es e  
motion ( _! s\ls1 yet is1 9 a measure1  
indep5d5t ( !m1 & pret5ds to no au?ority
 by :i* he c alt] ! de/9y :i* consigns  

!m to mis]y or happ9ess4 ,!y drift to _!
 doom by ! same law by :i* !y drift$    
across ! pa? ( 8 vision4 ,individually1 
he abhors ,holl+swor?1 & w\ld l to      
annihilate ,we/]velt1 yet he all[s !    
sup]b ,z5obia to be _! victim2 & if 8   
read]s object t ! effect ( ! :ole       
repres5tation is pa9ful1 he w\ld        
d\btless agree ) !m1 b pr(ess 8         
incapacity hone/ly to alt] a s5t5ce4 ,he
 pr(esses to tell ! /ory z x 0 reveal$  
to him2 & ! lic5se 9 :i* a romanc] might
 indulge is d5i$ to a biograph] (       
spirits4 ,%[ him a fallacy 9 8 logic (  
passion & "*1 po9t out a false or       
defective /ep 9 8 analysis1 & he w      
gladly alt] ! :ole to y\r satisfaction2 
b f\r human s\ls1 su* z he has describ$1
 be+ giv51 _! mutual attractions &      
repulsions w end1 he feels assur$1 9 j  
su* a cata/rophe z he has /at$4  ,eight 
ye>s h pass$ s9ce ,! ,bli!dale ,romance 
0 writt51 & dur+ ne>ly ! :ole ( ?is     
p]iod ,haw?orne has resid$ abroad4 ,!   
,m>ble ,faun1 :i* mu/1 on ! :ole1 be    

consid]$ ! greate/ ( 8 works1 proves t 8
 g5ius has wid5$ & deep5$ 9 ?is int]val1
 )\t any alt]ation or modification ( its
 *>act]i/ic m]its & *>act]i/ic defects4 
,! mo/ obvi\s excell5ce ( ! "w is !     
vivid tru?fulness ( its descriptions (  
,italian life1 mann]s1 & sc5]y2 &1      
consid]$ m]ely z a record ( a t\r 9     
,italy1 x is ( great int]e/ &           
attractiv5ess4 ,! op9ions on ,art1 & !  
special criticisms on ! ma/]pieces (    
ar*itecture1 sculpture1 & pa9t+1 also   
possess a value ( _! own4 ,! /ory might 
h be5 told1 & ! *>act]s fully repres5t$1
 9 "o-?ird ( ! space devot$ to !m1 yet  
description & n>ration are s artfully   
comb9$ t ea* assi/s to give int]e/ to ! 
o!r4 ,haw?orne is "o ( ^? true obs]v]s  
:o conc5trate 9 obs]vation e p[] ( _!   
m9ds4 ,he has accurate sight & pi]c+    
insight4 ,:5 he modifies ei!r ! =m or ! 
_s ( ! objects he describes1 he does x  
ei!r by view+ !m ?r\gh ! m$ium ( an     
imag9$ m9d or by obey+ associations :i* 
!y !mselves sugge/4 ,we might quote f ! 

descriptive portions ( ! "w a hundr$    
pages1 at lea/1 :i* w\ld demon/rate h[  
closely accurate obs]vation is connect$ 
) ! highe/ p[]s ( ! intellect &         
imag9ation4  ,! /yle ( ! book is p]fect 
( its k9d1 &1 if ,haw?orne _h writt5    
no?+ else1 w\ld entitle him to rank     
among ! great ma/]s ( ,engli%           
composition4 ,walt] ,savage ,l&or is    
report$ to h said ( an au?or :om he knew
 9 8 y\?1 ,my fri5d wrote excell5t      
,engli%1 a language n[ obsolete4 ,_h ,! 
,m>ble ,faun appe>$ be=e he utt]$ ?is   
s>casm1 ! wit ( ! rem>k w\ld h be5      
po9tless4 ,haw?orne n only writes       
,engli%1 b ! sweete/1 simple/1 & cle>e/ 
,engli% t ev] has be5 made ! vehicle (  
equal dep?1 v>iety1 & subtilty ( ?\ght &
 emotion4 ,8 m9d is reflect$ 9 8 /yle z 
a face is reflect$ 9 a mirror2 & ! latt]
 does n give back its image ) less      
appe>ance ( ef=t ?an ! =m]4 ,8 excell5ce
 consi/s n s mu* 9 us+ common words z 9 
mak+ common words express uncommon ?+s4 
,swift1 ,addison1 ,goldsmi?1 n to m5tion

 o!rs1 wrote ) z mu* simplicity2 b !    
/yle ( nei!r embodies an individuality s
 complex1 passions s /range & int5se1   
s5tim5ts s fanta/ic & pret]natural1     
?\ghts s pr(\nd & delicate1 &           
imag9ations s remote f ! recogniz$      
limits ( ! ideal1 z f9d an ord]ly outlet
 9 ! pure ,engli% ( ,haw?orne4 ,he has  
h>dly a ^w to :i* ,mrs4 ,trimm] w\ld    
primly object1 h>dly a s5t5ce :i* w\ld  
call =? ! fro/y ana!ma ( ,blair1 ,hurd1 
,kames1 or ,:ately1 & yet he contrives  
to embody 9 8 simple /yle qualities :i* 
w\ld almo/ excuse ! v]bal extravagances 
( ,c>lyle4  ,9 reg>d to ! *>act]ization 
& plot ( ,! ,m>ble ,faun1 !re is room = 
widely v>y+ op9ions4 ,hilda1 ,miriam1 & 
,donatello w be g5]ally receiv$ z       
sup]ior 9 p[] & dep? to any (           
,haw?orne's previ\s creations ( "*2     
,donatello1 especially1 mu/ be consid]$ 
"o ( ! mo/ orig9al & exquisite          
conceptions 9 ! :ole range ( romance2 b 
! /ory 9 :i* !y appe> w seem to _m an   
unsolv$ puzzle1 & ev5 ! tol]ant &       

int]pretative g5tle read] w be tr\bl$ ) 
! unsatisfactory conclusion4 ,x is      
ju/ifiable = a romanc] to /+ ! curiosity
 ( 8 read]s ) a my/]y1 only on ! impli$ 
obligation to expla9 x at la/2 b ?is    
/ory beg9s 9 my/]y only to end 9 mi/4 ,!
 sugge/ive faculty is torm5t$ r ?an     
g5ially excit$1 & 9 ! end is left a prey
 to d\bts4 ,! c5tral idea ( ! /ory1 !   
necessity ( s9 to conv]t su* a creature 
z ,donatello into a moral be+1 is also n
 happily illu/rat$ 9 ! lead+ ev5t4 ,:5  
,donatello kills ! wret* :o malignantly 
dogs ! /eps ( ,miriam1 all read]s ?9k t 
,donatello committ$ no s9 at all2 & !   
reason is1 t ,haw?orne has depriv$ !    
p]secutor ( ,miriam ( all human         
attributes1 made him an allegorical     
repres5tation ( "o ( ! mo/ fi5di% =ms ( 
unmix$ evil1 s t we welcome 8 de/ruction
 ) some?+ ( ! same feel+ ) :i*1 9 foll[+
 ! allegory ( ,sp5s] or ,bunyan1 we     
rejoice 9 ! h]o's victory ov] ! ,blatant
 ,bea/ or ,giant ,despair4 ,conc$+1     
h[ev]1 t ,donatello's act 0 murd]1 & n  

ju/ifiable homicide1 we are /ill n sure 
t ! au?or's conception ( 8 nature & ( ! 
*ange caus$ 9 8 nature by t act1 are    
c>ri$ out ) a felicity correspond+ to ! 
orig9al conception4  ,9 ! fir/ volume1 &
 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! second1 ! au?or's hold 
on 8 design is comp>atively firm1 b x   
some:at relaxes z he proce$s1 & 9 ! end 
x seems almo/ to escape f 8 grasp4 ,few 
c be satisfi$ ) ! conclud+ *apt]s1 = !  
reason t no?+ is really conclud$4 ,we   
are will+ to foll[ ! +5i\s processes (  
,calh\n's d$uctive logic1 because we are
 sure1 t1 h[ev] sev]ely !y task !       
faculty ( att5tion1 !y w lead to "s     
positive result2 b ,haw?orne's logic (  
ev5ts leaves u 9 ! end bewild]$ 9 a     
labyr9? ( guesses4 ,! book is1 on !     
:ole1 su* a great book1 t its defects   
are felt ) all ! m =ce4  ,9 ?is rapid   
glance at "s ( ! peculi>ities (         
,haw?orne's g5ius1 we h n1 ( c\rse1 be5 
able to d full ju/ice to ! special m]its
 ( ! works we h pass$ 9 review2 b we    
tru/ t we h said no?+ :i* w\ld convey ! 

impression t we d n place !m among ! mo/
 rem>kable romances produc$ 9 an age 9  
:i* romance-writ+ has call$ =? "s ( !   
highe/ p[]s ( ! human m9d4 ,9 intellect 
& imag9ation1 9 ! faculty ( disc]n+     
spirits & detect+ laws1 we d\bt if any  
liv+ noveli/ is 8 equal2 b 8 g5ius1 9   
its creative action1 has be5 h]et(ore   
attract$ to ! d>k r ?an ! bright side ( 
! int]ior life ( humanity1 & ! g5iality 
:i* evid5tly is 9 him has r>ely f\nd    
adequate expression4 ,9 ! _m works :i*  
he may /ill be expect$ to write1 x is to
 be hop$ t 8 m9d w lose "s ( its sadness
 ( tone )\t los+ any ( its subtilty &   
dep?2 b1 9 any ev5t1 x w\ld be unju/ to 
d5y t he has already done en\gh to      
insure him a comm&+ position 9 ,am]ican 
lit]ature z long z ,am]ican lit]ature   
has an exi/5ce4         99       99     
99       99       99  ,,reviews ,,&     
,,lit]>y ,,notices4   ,le ,prime        
,quattro ,edizioni della ,div9a ,comm$ia
 ,lett]alm5te ,ri/ampate p] ,cura di    
,g4,g4 ,,w>r5 ,,"l ,,v]non4 ,londra3    

,presso ,tommaso e ,guglielmo ,boone4   
,,mdccclviii4 #dto4 pp4 xxvi41 #gdh4  ,!
 zeal ) :i* ! /udy ( ,dante has be5     
foll[$ by /ud5ts 9 e c\ntry ( ,europe1  
dur+ ! la/ =ty ye>s1 is "o ( ! mo/      
illu/rative facts ( ! moral z well z ( !
 intellectual "* ( ! p]iod4 ,! int]e/   
:i* has attract$ m5 ( ! mo/ diff]5t     
temp]s & p]suasions to ?is /udy is n due
 alone to ! poetic or hi/oric value ( 8 
works1 h[ev] high we may place !m 9 ^!  
respects1 b also & especially to !      
circum/ance t !y pres5t a complete &    
di/9ct view ( ! int]nal life & spiritual
 disposition ( an age 9 :i* ! que/ions  
:i* /ill *iefly conc]n m5 7 = ! fir/ "t 
positively /at$1 & :i* exhibit$ 9 its   
a*ievem5ts & its ef=ts "s ( ! highe/    
qualities ( human nature 9 a condition (
 vigor su* z !y h nev] s9ce %[n4 ,dante 
himself comb9$ a p[] ( imag9ation beyond
 t ( any o!r poet ) an int5sity &       
directness ( individual "* n less       
extraord9>y4 ,! t5d5cy ( mod]n          
civilization is to dim9i% r ?an to      

/r5g!n ! orig9ality & indep5d5ce (      
individuals4 ,autocracy & democracy seem
 to h a l effect 9 r$uc+ m5 to a uni=m  
level ( ?\ght & ef=t4 ,& ?us dur+ a "t  
:5 ^! two pr9ciples h be5 br\ght into   
%>p conflict1 x is n surpris+ t ! mo/   
?\ghtful /ud5ts %\ld turn to ! works ( a
 man :o by actual exp]i5ce1 or by =ce ( 
imag9ation1 compreh5d$ all ! conditions 
( 8 own age1 & exhibit$ 9 8 life & 9 8  
writ+s an individualism ( ! noble/ sort4
 ,! cons]vative & ! re=m]1 ! k+ & !     
radical1 ! prie/ & ! h]etic1 ! man (    
affairs & ! man ( lett]s1 h tak5 _!     
seats1 side by side1 on ! s*ol>s' b5*es1
 be=e ! same tea*]1 &1 aft] li/5+ to 8  
l>ge disc\rse1 h discuss$ among !mselves
 ! que/ions 9 religion1 9 philosophy1 9 
morals1 politics1 or hi/ory1 :i* 8 words
 sugge/$ or expla9$4  ,! success :i* has
 att5d$ ^! /udies has be5 9 "s degree   
proportion$ to ! zeal ) :i* !y h be5    
pursu$4 ,dante is n[ bett] und]/ood & m 
intellig5tly comm5t$ ?an ev] be=e4 ,mu* 
rema9s to be done z reg>ds ! cle>+ up ( 

"s difficult po9ts & ! explanation ( "s 
d>k passages1--& ! obscurity 9 :i*      
,dante int5tionally involv$ "s portions 
( 8 writ+s is su* z to leave little hope
 t _! absolute mean+ w ev] be           
satisfactorily e/abli%$4 ,! hi/ory ( !  
/udy ( ! poet1 ( ! comm5ts on 8 mean+ or
 8 text1 ( ! =mation ( ! commonly       
receiv$ text1 & ( ! translations ( !    
,div9a ,comm$ia1 af=ds mu* curi\s &     
ent]ta9+ matt] to ! lov] ( purely lit]>y
 & bibliographic n>rative1 & incid5tally
 illu/rates ! g5]al "* ( ea* c5tury s9ce
 8 dea?4 ,z reg>ds ! settlem5t ( ! text1
 no s+le publication has ev] appe>$ (   
equal value to t ( ! magnific5t volume !
 title ( :i* /&s at ! head ( ?is notice4
 ,"l ,v]non has be5 kn[n = _m ye>s z !  
mo/ munific5t fo/]] ( ,dantesque        
publications4 ,"o aft] ano!r1 preci\s & 
co/ly books ^u ,dante h appe>$1 edit$ & 
pr9t$ at 8 exp5se1 %[+ bo? a ta/e & a   
lib]ality z honorable z unusual4  ,!    
fir/ f\r editions ( ! ,div9a ,comm$ia1 (
 :i* ?is volume is a repr9t1 are all (  

excessive r>ity4 ,al?\gh ea* is a       
docum5t ( ! highe/ importance 9 det]m9+ 
! text1 few ( ! editors ( ! poem h _h ! 
means ( consult+ m ?an "o or two ( !m4  
,! volumes are to be f\nd unit$ only 9 !
 ,libr>y ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 & x is b a
 few ye>s t ev5 t great collection has  
includ$ !m all4 ,!y 7 pr9t$ orig9ally   
betwe5 #adgj & #adhj at ,foligno1 ,jesi1
 ,mantua1 & ,naples2 & _! *ief value    
arises f ! fact t !y pres5t ! v>i\s     
read+s ( ?ree1 if n f\r1 e>ly & select$ 
manuscripts4 ,! d\bt :e!r f\r           
manuscripts are repres5t$ by !m is      
occasion$ by ! simil>ity betwe5 !       
editions ( ,foligno & ,naples1 :i* are (
 su* a sort 7= in/ance1 correspond5ce 9 
! mo/ unlikely & odd mispr9ts7 z to     
prove t "o mu/ h s]v$ z ! basis ( ! o!r4
 ,b at ! same "t !re are su* diff]5ces  
betwe5 !m z indicate a sep>ate revision 
( ea*1 & possibly ! consultation by _!  
editors ( diff]5t codices4              
,un=tunately1 !re is no edition ( !     
,div9a ,comm$ia :i* c claim any special 

au?ority1--none :i* has ev5 9 a small   
degree su* au?ority z belongs to ! fir/ 
folio ( ,%akspe>e's plays4 ,! text1 z n[
 receiv$1 re/s ^u a comp>ison (         
manuscripts & e>ly pr9t$ editions2 & z  
af=d+ to s*ol>s ! means ( an indep5d5t  
critical judgm5t ^u x1 a k ( ! read+s ( 
^! e>lie/ editions is indisp5sable4 ,b  
repr9ts ( old books are prov]bially op5 
to error4 ,! repr9t ( ! fir/ folio      
,%akspe>e is s full ( mi/akes z to be ( 
comp>atively little use4 ,! "* ( !      
,italian language is su* t inaccuracies 
are bo? easi] & m dang]\s ?an 9 ,engli%4
 ,unless ! repr9t ( ! fir/ f\r editions 
7 lit]ally correct1 x w\ld be ( little  
value4 ,to secure ?is correctness1 s f> 
z 0 possible1 ,"l ,v]non engag$ ,mr4    
,panizzi1 ! *ief libr>ian ( ! ,briti%   
,museum1 to edit ! volume4 ,a m compet5t
 editor nev] liv$4 ,mr4 ,panizzi is     
di/+ui%$ n m = 8 ?or\gh & appreciative  
acqua9tance ) ! poetic lit]ature ( 8    
c\ntry ?an = ! ext5t & accuracy ( 8     
bibliographical k & ! ref9em5t ( 8      

bibliographic skill4 ,!re c be no d\bt t
 ! repr9t is z exact z ! mo/ rigid      
critic c\ld desire4 ,x is a monum5t (   
pati5ce & ( unpret5d+ labor1 z well z ( 
typographic beauty1--! "w ( ! editor    
hav+ be5 well second$ by t well-kn[n    
disciple ( ,aldus1 ,mr4 ,*>les          
,:itt+ham4  ,nor is x only 9 ess5tial   
v>iations t ^! f\r texts are important1 
b also 9 ! illu/ration :i* _! diff]5t   
spell+ & _! v>y+ grammatical =ms af=d 9 
reg>d to ! language us$ by ,dante4 ,at !
 "t :5 ^! editions appe>$1 ! or?ography 
( ! ,italian tongue 0 n yet e/abli%$1 & 
its grammatical inflections n 9 all     
cases def9itely settl$4 ,pr9t+ _h n yet 
be5 long en\gh 9 use to fix a p]man5t =m
 ^u words4 ,moreov]1 ! mispr9ts         
!mselves1 :i* 9 ^! e>ly editions are v  
num]\s1 (t5 give h9ts z to ! *anges :i* 
!y may h induc$1 or z to ! misplac+ (   
lett]s mo/ likely to occur1 &           
consequ5tly mo/ likely to lead to       
unobs]v$ errors ( ! text4  ,! /yle ( !  
pr9t+ 9 ^! fir/ editions1 & ! aid x may 

give1 or ! difficulty x may occasion1   
are h>dly to be und]/ood )\t an extract4
 ,we op5 at ,p>adiso1 xv4 #gj4          
,cacciaguida has j spok5 to 8 desc5dant1
 & !n foll[s1 accord+ to ! ,foligno1 !  
foll[+ passage3--    ,io mi uolfi       
abeatrice et quella udio     pria *io   
p>laffi et ar(emi un c5no     *e fece   
crefc] lali aluol] mio    ,poi com9ciai 
con leefftto elf5no     come laprima    
equalita napp>fe     dun pefo p] ciaf*un
 di noi fi f5no    ,p]o *el fole *e     
nallumo et arfe     colcaldo et         
conlaluce et fi iguali     *e tutte     
fimiglianze fono fc>fe4  ,?is looks     
diff]5t en\gh f ! common text1 t1 =     
example1 ( ! ,flor5t9e edition ( #ahdd4 
,i' mi volsi a ,beatrice1 e quella udio 
,pria *' io p>lassi1 ed arrisemi un c5no
     ,*e fece cresc] l' ale al vol] mio4
    ,poi com9ciai cosi3 ,l' affetto e il
 s5no1     ,come la prima egualit v'    
app>se1     ,d' un peso p] ciascun di   
voi si f5no2    ,p]oc* al ,sol1 *e v'   
allum ed arse     ,col caldo e con la   

luce1 en s iguali1     ,*e tutte        
simiglianze sono sc>se4  ,i turn$ to    
,beatrice1 & %e he>d be=e ,i spoke1 &   
smil$ on me a sign :i* add$ w+s to my   
desire4 ,!n ,i began ?us3 ,love &       
wisdom1 z soon z ! primal ,equality has 
appe>$ to y1 become ( "o weight 9 ea* "o
 ( y2 s9ce 9 t ,sun1 :i* illum9ates &   
w>ms y ) heat & light1 !y are s equal1 t
 e comp>ison falls %ort4  ,! ?ree o!r   
anci5t texts are ea* q z diff]5t f !    
mod]n "o z t :i* we h giv51 nor is !    
passage "o t af=ds example ( unusual    
v>iations4 ,x w\ld h be5 easy to select 
_m o!rs v>y+ mu* m ?an ?is1 b our object
 is to %[ ! g5]al "* ( ^! fir/ editions4
 ,! second l9e ( ! quotation (f]s a     
v>i\s read+ :i* is support$ by !        
arrossemi ( ! ,jesi edition1 & !        
arossemi ( t ( ,naples1 z well z by !   
text ( ! comm5t ( ,b5v5uto da ,imola1 & 
"s o!r e>ly au?orities4 ,b ev5 7 !      
weight ( evid5ce 9 its favor f> great]  
?an x is1 x c\ld nev] be receiv$ 9 place
 ( ! ?or\ghly ,dantesque & exquisite    

expression1 arrisemi un c5no1 :i* is    
f\nd 9 ! ,mantua edition4 ,! napp>se & !
 noi ( ! fif? & six? l9es & ! nallumo ( 
! sev5? are pla9ly mi/akes ( ! scribe1  
puzzl$ by ! some:at obscure mean+ ( !   
passage4 ,n "o ( ! f\r editions be=e u  
gives u ! "r pron\ns1 b !y are f\nd 9 ! 
,b>tol9ian codex1 7z well z _m o!rs17 & 
!y are e/abli%$ 9 ! r>e ,ald9e edition (
 #aejb1 ! *ief s\rce ( ! mod]n text4 ,9 
! eigh? l9e1 :]e we n[ read en s iguali1
 ! f\r give u et or e si iguali1 a read+
 f :i* x is difficult to extract a      
mean+1 unless1 ) ! ,b>tol9ian1 we omit !
 *e 9 ! prec$+ l9e1 & suppose ! p]o *el 
to /&1 n = p]oc* al1 b = p]oc* il1--or1 
reta9+ ! *e1 read ! fir/ words p]oc*'   
il ,sol1 & take ! clause z a p>5!sis4 ,!
 mean+1 accord+ to ! fir/ supposition1  
w\ld be1 ,love & wisdom are ( "o measure
 9 y1 7s9ce ! ,sun sc4 ! primal         
,equality w>m$ & enlight5$ y17 & s equal
 t1 etc4 ,accord+ to ! second           
supposition1 we %\ld translate1 ,s9ce x 
! primal ,equality is ! sun :i*1 etc4   

,b5v5uto da ,imola gives /ill a ?ird    
read+1 mak+ ! e si iguali into ee si    
iguale1 or1 9 mod]n or?ography1  s      
iguale2 b1 z ?is spoils ! rhyme1 x may  
be left out ( acc\nt4 ,!re seems to u to
 be "s gr\nd = believ+ ! second read+   
sugge/$ above1    ,p]oc*'  il ,sol *e v'
 allum ed arse   ,con caldo e con la    
luce1 e s iguali4  to be ! true "o1 n   
only f its correspond5ce ) mo/ ( ! e>ly 
copies1 b f ! r>ity ( ! use ( en by     
,dante4 ,!re is b "o o!r passage 9 !    
poem :]e x is f\nd 7,purgatory1 xvi4    
#aba74  ,su* is an example1 tak5 at     
r&om1 ( ! d\bts sugge/$ & ! illu/ration 
af=d$ by ^! editions 9 ! /udy ( ! text4 
,( c\rse su* m9ute criticism is ( int]e/
 only to ^? few :o reckon ,dante's words
 at _! true wor?4 ,! common read] may be
 cont5t ) ! text z he f9ds x 9 common   
editions1 ,b ,dante1 m ?an any o!r      
au?or1 /imulates 8 /ud5t to rese>* z to 
8 exact words2 = no o!r au?or has be5 s 
*oice 9 8 selection ( !m4 ,he is n only 
! greate/ mod]n ma/] ( cond5sation 9    

/yle1 b he has ! deepe/ insight into !  
value & =ce ( sep>ate words1 ! mo/      
delicate s5se ( appropriat5ess 9        
position1 & 9 ! highe/ degree ! poetic  
faculty ( select+ ! ^w mo/ fitt+ = !    
?\ght & mo/ *>act]i/ic 9 expression4 ,x 
r>ely happ5s t ! place ( a ^w ( any     
importance is a matt] ( indiff]5ce 9 8  
v]se1 no reg>d be+ _h to ! rhy?m2 & e "o
 suffici5tly famili> ) ! language 9 :i* 
he wrote to be consci\s ( its indef9able
 p[]s w feel1 ?\gh he may be unable to  
po9t out specifically1 a m>k$ di/9ction 
9 ! quality & comb9ations ( ! words 9 ! 
diff]5t p>ts ( ! poem4 ,! description ( 
! entrance to ,hell1 9 ! ?ird canto ( ! 
,inf]no is1 = in/ance1 h>dly m diff]5t f
 ! description ( ! ,t]re/rial ,p>adise1 
7,purgatory1 xxviii417 9 sc5]y & imag]y1
 ?an x is 9 ! vague b absolute qualities
 ( language1 9 its rhy?mical & v]bal    
ess5ce4  ,b1 leav+ ^! subtilties1 let u 
look at "s ( ! disput$ passages ( !     
poem1 ^u :i* ! texts be=e u may give _! 
evid5ce4  ,9 ! episode ( ,francesca da  

,rim9i1 ,mr4 ,b>l[ has rec5tly attempt$ 
to give curr5cy to a v>i\s read+ long   
kn[n1 b nev] accept$1 9 ! l9e 7,inf]no1 
v4 #ajb7 9 :i* ,francesca expresses h]  
horror at ! mann] ( h] dea?4 ,%e says1  
il modo ancor m' (f5de1 ! mann] /ill    
(f5ds me4 ,b = il modo ,mr4 ,b>l[ w\ld  
sub/itute il mondo1 ! _w /ill (f5ds     
me1--t is1 z we suppose1 by hold+ a     
false op9ion ( h] conduct4 ,mr4 ,b>l['s 
sugge/ions are always to be receiv$ )   
respect1 b we _c b ?9k him wrong 9      
propos+ ?is *ange4 ,! spirits 9 ,hell   
are n suppos$ to be aw>e ( :at is pass+ 
^u e>?2 !y are self-convict$1           
7,purgatory1 xxvi4 #he1 #hf17 &         
,francesca be+ doom$ to et]nal woe1 ! _w
 c\ld n d h] wrong by tax+ h] ) s92     
:ile1 fur!r1 ! %udd] at ! me?od ( h]    
dea?1 la/+ ev5 9 torm5t1 seems to u a f>
 m imag9ative conception ?an ! "o       
propos$ 9 its /ead4 ,our f\r texts read 
elmodo4  ,9 ! fam\s simile 7,inf]no1    
iii4 #aab-aad7 9 :i* ,dante comp>es !   
spirits fall+ f ! bank ( ,a*]on to !    

dead leaves flutt]+ f a b\gh 9 autumn1  
giv+1 z ,mr4 ,rusk9 says1 ! mo/ p]fect  
image possible ( _! utt] lightness1     
feebl5ess1 passiv5ess1 & scatt]+ agony (
 despair1 our common texts h    inf9 *e 
il ramo   ,r5de alla t]ra tutte le sue  
spoglie1  ,until ! bran* gives to ! e>? 
all its spoils2 b ! texts ( ,jesi &     
,mantua1 z well z ^? ( ! ,b>tol9ian & ! 
,aldus1 & _m o!r e>ly au?orities1 "h put
 ! ^w ,v$e 9 place ( ,r5de1 giv+ a      
v>iation :i* = its poetic wor? well     
des]ves to be m>k$1 if n to be introduc$
 into ! receiv$ text4 ,until ! bran*    
sees all its spoils ^u ! e>? is a       
p]sonification q 9 ,dante's mann]4 ,a   
confirmation ( ! value ( ?is read+ is   
giv5 by ! fact t ,tasso pref]r$ x to ! m
 common "o1 & 9 8 treatise on ! ,art (  
,poetry praises x z full ( en]gy4  ,!   
value ( ?is "w ( ,"l ,v]non's to !      
/ud5ts ( ,dante1 9 enabl+ !m to secure  
accuracy 9 _! /atem5ts 9 reg>d to ! e>ly
 texts1 has be5 illu/rat$ to u by f9d+ t
 ,blanc1 9 8 useful & excell5t          

,vocabol>io ,dantesco1 has n unfrequ5tly
 fall5 into error ?r\gh 8 inability to  
consult ^? fir/ editions4 ,= example1 9 
! l9e1 7,inf]no1 xviii4 #dc17 ,p]ci a   
figuralo i pi$i affissi1 z x is commonly
 giv51 or1 ,p]ci a firgur>lo gli oc*i   
affissi1 z x appe>s 9 "s editions1      
,blanc1 :o pref]s ! latt] read+1 /ates t
 gli oc*i is f\nd 9 t\tes les anci5nes  
ditions4 ,b ! tru? is1 t ^? ( ,foligno &
 ,naples read ip$i1 t ( ,jesi has 9     
pi$i1 & t ( ,mantua i pie4 ,! ,ald9e (  
#aejb is ! e>lie/ edition we h se5 :i*  
has gli oc*i4  ,9 ! episode ( ,ugol9o1  
7,inf]no1 xxxiii417 ! v]se :i* has giv5 
rise to m comm5t1 p]haps ?an any o!r is 
t 7! #bf?7 9 :i* ! ,c\nt says1 accord+  
to ! usual read+1 t ! n>r[ w9d[ 9 8 t[] 
_h %[n him _m moons be=e he dream$ 8    
evil dream3 ,pi lune gi1 qu&' i' feci il
 mal sonno1 ,_m moons already1 :5 ,i _h 
my ill slumb]4 ,b ano!r read+1 f\nd 9 a 
majority ( ! e>ly ,,mss4 & editions1    
includ+ ^? ( ,jesi & ,mantua gives !    
v>iation1 pi lume2 :ile ! editions (    

,foligno & ,naples give lieve1 :i*1     
af=d+ no intelligible mean+1 mu/ be     
reg>d$ z a m]e mispr9t4 ,9 spite ( !    
weight ( e>ly au?ority = lume1 ! read+  
lune is p]haps to be pref]r$1 z giv+ 9 a
 ^w a brief expressive /atem5t ( a we>y 
l5g? ( imprisonm5t1--:ile lume w\ld only
 s]ve to fix ! mom5t ( ! dream z hav+   
be5 betwe5 ! fir/ dawn & ! full day4 ,x 
is r>e t ! diff]5ce betwe5 an n & an m  
is ( su* m>k$ effect4  ,9 ! six? canto (
 ,purgatory1 v]se #eh1 ,virgil says1    
,behold !re a s\l :i* a po/a looks t[>d 
u4 ,su* at lea/ is ! common read+1 & !  
words a po/a are expla9$ z mean+ fix$ly4
 ,b ?is signification is some:at =c$1 a 
po/a1 or appo/a1 be+ m prop]ly us$ ) !  
mean+ ( on purpose or delib]ately1--& ! 
fir/ f\r editions supply a read+ )\t ?is
 difficulty1 & "o :i* adds a new &      
significant feature to ! description4   
,!y unite 9 ! omission ( ! lett] a4 ,!  
passage !n be>s ! mean+1--,b behold !re 
a s\l :i*1 fix$1 or plac$1 alone & all  
ap>t1 looks t[>d u4 ,?is read+1 beside  

be+ support$ by ! weight ( anci5t       
au?ority1 f9ds confirmation1 9 !        
context1 9 ! t]ms 9 :i* ,sordello's     
aspect is describ$3 ,h[ l(ty & disda9ful
 did/ ?\ /&6 h[ sl[ & decor\s 9 ! mov+ (
 ?y eyes6  ,a curi\s example ( ! mi/akes
 ( ! old copies is af=d$ 9 ! *>m+       
description ( ! ,t]re/rial ,p>adise 9 ! 
tw5ty-eigh? canto ( ! ,purgatory4 ,dante
 says1 t ! leaves on ! trees1 trembl+ 9 
! s(t air1 7 n s di/urb$ t ! little     
birds 9 _! tops ceas$ f any ( _! arts1--
             *e gli augelletti p] le    
cime   ,lasciass] d' op]>e ogni lor     
arte4  ,! l9es are s pla9 t a mi/ake is 
difficult 9 !m2 b1 ( our f\r editions1 !
 ,jesi is ! only "o :i* gives !m        
correctly4 ,foligno & ,naples read      
angeleti = augelletti1 :ile ,mantua     
gives u ! a/oni%+ ^w intelletti4 ,aga91 
9 l9e #ih ( ! same canto1 all f\r read1 
exaltation dell' acqua1 = ! simple &    
correct esalazion dell' acqua4 ,& 9 l9e 
#aca1 = ,eunoe si *iama1 ,jesi supplies 
! curi\s ^w curioce si *iama4  ,^!      

examples ( error are n ( great          
importance 9 !mselves1 & are easily     
correct$1 b !y s]ve to illu/rate ! great
 frequ5cy ( error 9 all ! e>ly texts ( !
 ,div9a ,comm$ia1 & ! probability t _m  
errors n s readily discov]$ may /ill    
exi/ 9 ! text1 mak+ difficulties :]e    
none orig9ally exi/$4 ,!y are ( value1  
fur!rmore1 9 ! wid] range ( critical    
/udies1 z illu/rat+ 9 a /rik+ way !     
liability to error :i* exi/$ 9 all books
 s long z !y 7 pres]v$ only by ! "w (   
scribes4 ,"h is a poem :i* 0 transmitt$ 
9 manuscript = only ab\t "o hundr$ &    
fifty ye>s1 ! fir/ f\r pr9t$ editions ( 
:i* %[ diff]5ces 9 almo/ e l9e4 ,x is no
 exagg]ation to say t ! v>iations betwe5
 ! editions ( ,foligno1 ,jesi1 &        
,mantua1 9 or?ography1 inflection1 & o!r
 grammatical & dialectic =ms1 n to speak
 ( ! less frequ5t1 ?\gh /ill num]\s     
diff]5ces 9 ! words !mselves1 greatly   
exce$1 ?r\gh\t ! poem1 ! numb] ( l9es ( 
:i* x is compos$4 ,yet by a comp>ison ( 
!m "o ) ano!r a consi/5t & g5]ally      

satisfactory text has be5 =m$4 ,! be>+ (
 ?is ^u ! views to be tak5 ( ! condition
 ( ! text ( m anci5t works1 z1 =        
in/ance1 t ( ! ,gospels1 is pla94  ,! "w
 be=e u is s full ( matt] int]e/+ to !  
/ud5t ( ,dante1 t we are tempt$ to g on 
) fur!r illu/rations ( x1 ?\gh well aw>e
 t !re are few :o h zeal or pati5ce     
en\gh to cont9ue ! exam9ation ) u4 ,b ! 
numb] ( ^? 9 ,am]ica :o are beg9n+ to   
read ! ,div9a ,comm$ia1 z some?+ m ?an a
 m]e ex]cise 9 ! ,italian language1 is  
increas+1 & "s ( !m1 at lea/1 w take    
pleasure ) u 9 ?is inquiry conc]n+ !    
words1 t is1 ! ?\ghts ( ,dante4 ,:y %\ld
 ! m9ute1 b n fruitless criticism (     
texts be res]v$ = ! anci5t classic      
writ]s8 ,! great poet ( ! ,middle ,ages 
des]ves ?is "w at our h&s f> m ?an any (
 ! ,lat9 poets1 n exclud+ ev5 8 own ma/]
 & guide4  ,! elev5? canto ( ! ,p>adiso 
is *iefly occupi$ ) ! noble n>rative ( !
 life ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,read+ x z we d1  
at su* a di/ance f ! "t ( ! ev5ts :i* x 
records1 & ) feel+s t h nev] be5 w>m$   

into f]vor by ! facts or ! leg5ds       
conc]n+ ! ,sa9t1 x is h>d = u to        
appreciate at its full wor? ! beauty (  
?is canto1 & its effect ^u ^? :o _h se5 
& conv]s$ ) ! fir/ ,franciscans4 ,n a   
c5tury _h yet pass$ s9ce ! dea? ( ,/4   
,francis1 & ! ord] :i* he _h f\nd$ kept 
8 memory alive 9 e "p ( ! ,ca?olic _w4  
,a /ory :i* may be true or false1 & x   
matt]s little :i*1 tells u t ,dante     
himself 9 8 e>ly manhood _h propos$ to  
ent] its ranks4 ,!re is no d\bt t its   
v[s ( pov]ty & *a/ity1 its ardu\s b     
invigorat+ rule dur+ its e>ly days1     
appeal$ ) /rong =ce to 8 temp]am5t & 8  
imag9ation1 z promis+ a )drawal f ^?    
worldly temptations ( :i* he 0 consci\s1
 f t pressure ( private & public affairs
 ( :i* he 0 impati5t4 ,! contra/ betwe5 
! effects :i* ! life ( ,/4 ,francis & t 
( ,/4 ,dom9ic _h ^u ! poet's m9d is %[n 
by ! contra/ 9 tone 9 :i* 9 successive  
cantos he tells ( ^! two great pill>s ( 
! ,*ur*4  ,9 l9es #ga & #gb1 speak+ (   
,pov]ty1 ! bride ( ! ,sa9t1 he says1--  

,si *e dove ,m>ia rimase giuso1   ,ella 
con ,cri/o salse 9 sulia croce3  ,s t   
:il/ ,m>y rema9$ bel[1 %e m\nt$ ! cross 
) ,*ri/1 ,su* is ! common read+4 ,n[ 9  
all f\r ( ! editions :i* are 9 ,"l      
,v]non's repr9t1 9 ,b5v5uto da ,imola1 9
 ! ,b>tol9ian codex1 9 ! preci\s codex (
 ,cortona1 & 9 _m o!r e>ly manuscripts &
 editions1 ! ^w pianse is f\nd 9 ! place
 ( salse2 ,%e lam5t$ ^u ! cross ) ,*ri/4
 ,! anti!sis1 ?\gh less direct1 is n    
less /rik+1 & ! phrase seems to u to    
become simpl]1 m natural1 & m t\*+4 ,yet
 ?is read+ has f\nd little favor ) rec5t
 editors1 & "o ( !m goes s f> z to say1 
*e non solo impov]isce1 ma adult]a l'   
idea4  ,pass+ ov] o!r v>iations1 "s ( !m
 ( importance1 9 ?is elev5? canto1 we   
f9d ! la/ v]ses /&+ 9 mo/ mod]n         
editions1--    ,e v$r il coreggi] *e    
argom5ta   ,u' b5 s' imp+ua1 se non si  
vaneggia4  ,& ! mean+ is expla9$ z      
be+1--,& he :o is girt ) a lea!rn cord  
7i4e4 ! ,dom9ican7 w see :at is meant by
 ',:]e well !y fatt51 if !y d n /ray4'  

,b to ?is !re are sev]al objections4 ,no
 o!r example ( coreggi] ?us us$ is1 we  
believe1 to be f\nd4 ,moreov]1 !        
introduction ( a ,dom9ican to le>n ?is  
lesson is =c$1 = x 0 ,dante himself :o  
_h _h a d\bt z to ! mean+ ( ^! words1 & 
x 0 = 8 in/ruction t ! disc\rse 9 :i* !y
 7 expla9$ 0 held4 ,we pref]1 !re=e1 !  
read+ :i* is f\nd 9 ! editions ( ,jesi1 
,foligno1 & ,naples1 79 "p 9 t (        
,mantua17 & :i* is giv5 by _m o!r anci5t
 texts3 ,v$rai or ,e v$rai il correg] *e
 argom5ta3 ,?\ wilt see ! repro( :i*    
',:]e well !y fatt51 if !y d n /ray1'   
conveys4 ,?is read+ has be5 adopt$ by   
,mr4 ,cayley 9 8 rem>kable translation4 
,"o m in/ance ( ! value ( ,"l ,v]non's  
"w1 & we h done4 ,! #ajf?1 #ajg?1 &     
#ajh? v]ses ( ! tw5ty-six? canto ( !    
,p>adiso are among ! mo/ difficult ( !  
poem1 & h giv5 rise to great v>iety (   
comm5t4 ,9 ! edition ( ,flor5ce ( #ahcj1
 9 ^? ( ,foscolo1 & ( ,co/a1 & _m o!rs1 
!y /&1--    ,p]*' io la veggio nel v]ace
 speglio   ,*e fa di se p>eglie l' altre

 cose   ,e nulla face lui di se p>eglio4
  ,& !y are expla9$ by ,bian*i z mean+1 
,because ,i see x 9 t true mirror 7i4 e4
 ,god7 :i* makes o!r ?+s l to !mselves1 
7t is1 repres5ts !m z !y are17 :ile no?+
 c repres5t ,him l to ,himself4 ,^? :o  
love ! qu>rels ( comm5tators %\ld look  
at ! notes 9 ! ,v>iorum editions (      
,padua or ,flor5ce to see ) :at amus+   
asp]ity !y h treat$ ea* o!r's solutions 
( ! passage4 ,italian words ( abuse h a 
sonor\s quality :i* gives gr&eur to a   
skirmi% ( critics4 ,"o is decl>$ by 8   
oppon5t to h +>bugliato ! cle>e/ mean+2 
ano!r gua/a il s5tim5to & sproposita 9  
grammatica2 a ?ird br+s falso & assurdo 
to ! *>ge1 &1 n satisfi$ ) _! =ce1 adds 
blasfemo2 a f\r? decl>es t ! ?ird has   
contriv$ capovolg]e la consegit5za2 & s 
on2--f all :i* ! read]1 try+ to f9d     
%elt] f ! pelt+ ( h>d words1 discov]s t 
! mean+ is n cle> ev5 to ! mo/ confid5t 
( ! critics4 ,b1 /&+ ap>t f ! battle1 & 
look+ only at ! text1 & n at ! bewild]$ 
comm5t1 we f9d 9 ! editions ( ,foligno1 

,jesi1 & ,naples1 & 9 _m o!r anci5t     
texts1 a read+ :i* seems to u some:at   
easi] ?an ! "o commonly adopt$4 ,we copy
 ! l9es aft] ! ,foligno3--    ,p] *io   
laueggio nelu]ace speglio   *e fa dise  
p>eglio alaltre cose   et nulla face lui
 dise p>eglio4  ,& we w\ld translate !m1
 ,because ,i see x 9 t true mirror :o 9 
,himself af=ds a lik5ess to or ( all o!r
 ?+s1 :ile no?+ gives back to ,him a    
lik5ess ( ,himself4 ,"h p>eglio         
corresponds ) ! ,prov5al p>elh & ! lat] 
,fr5* p>eil1--& ! ,prov5al phrase r5dre 
le p>elha af=ds an example ( simil>     
application to t ( ! ^w 9 ,dante4  ,) u 
9 ,am]ica1 criticism is n rat$ z x      
des]ves2 x is little foll[$ z a /udy1 & 
! love = ! great ma/]s & poets ( o!r    
times & o!r tongues ?an our own fails to
 /imulate ! ardor ( /ud5ts to ! ?or\gh  
exam9ation ( _! ?\ghts & words4 ,no     
d\bt1 criticism1 z x has too (t5 be5    
pursu$1 is ( small wor?1 display+ itself
 9 useless inquiries1 & lavi%+ "t &     
labor ^u insoluble & un9t]e/+ que/ions4 

,b su* is n its true end4 ,v]bal        
criticism1 rightly view$1 has a dignity 
:i* belongs to few o!r /udies2 = x deals
 ) words z ! symbols ( ?\ghts1--) words1
 :i* are ! mo/ spiritual ( ! in/rum5ts (
 human p[]1 ! mo/ m>vell\s ( human      
possessions4 ,x makes ?\ght accurate1 & 
p]ception f9e4 ,x adds tru? to !        
creations ( imag9ation by tea*+ ! modes 
by :i* !y may be be/ express$1 & x ?us  
leads to full] & m appreciative und]/&+ 
& enjoym5t ( ! noble/ works ( ! pa/4    
,!re c1 inde$1 be no ?or\gh culture )\t 
x4  ,to re/ore ! balance ( our lives1 9 
^! days ( ha/e1 novelty1 & re/lessness1 
!re is a ne$ ( a l>g] infusion into !m (
 pursuits :i* h no end ( imm$iate       
publicity or in/ant return ( tangible   
pr(it1--( pursuits :i*1 :ile sep>at+ u f
 ! intrusive _w ar\nd u1 %\ld introduce 
u into ! fre]1 tranquill]1 & m spaci\s  
_w ( noble & ev]la/+ ?\ght4 ,! gre5] &  
loneli] prec9cts ( our m9ds are n[      
trampl$ ^u by ! hurry+ feet ( daily     
ev5ts & transi5t int]e/s4 ,if we w\ld   

keep t spiritual region unpollut$1 we   
ne$ to acqua9t ourselves ) "s o!r       
lit]ature ?an t ( newspap]s & magaz9es1 
& to ent]ta9 z famili>s ! m5 long dead1 
yet liv+ 9 _! works4 ,z ,am]icans1 our  
bir?rights 9 ! pa/ are imp]fect2 we are 
born into ! pres5t alone4 ,b he :o lives
 only 9 pres5t ?+s lives b half a life1 
& dea? comes to him z an imp]t95t       
int]ruption3 by liv+ also 9 ! pa/ we    
le>n to value ! pres5t at its wor?1 to  
hold ourselves ready = its end4 ,)      
,dante1 tak+ him z a guide & companion 9
 our privat] moods1 we may1 ev5 9 !     
natural body1 pass ?r\gh ! _w ( _s4  ,x 
w be a good indication ( ! improvem5t 9 
! intellectual disposition ( our p1 :5 !
 /udy ( ,dante becomes m g5]al4         
,mean:ile1 on ! "p ( 8 few /ud5ts 9     
,am]ica1 we w\ld (f] our ?anks to ,"l   
,v]non & to ,mr4 ,panizzi = ! aid :i* ! 
lib]ality ( ! "o & ! skill & le>n+ ( !  
o!r h giv5 to u1 & = ! honor !y h done  
to ! memory ( our common ,au?or &       
,lead]4  ,notes ( ,travel & ,/udy 9     

,italy4 ,by ,,*>les ,,eliot ,,norton4   
,bo/on3 ,ticknor  ,fields4 #ahfj4 pp4   
x41 #cbj4  ,!re is1 p]haps1 no c\ntry ) 
:i* we are s intimate z ) ,italy1--none 
( :i* we are always s will+ to he> m4   
,poets & pros]s h alike comp>$ h] to a  
beautiful woman2 & :ile "o f9ds no?+ b  
lovel9ess 9 h]1 ano!r %udd]s at h] fatal
 fasc9ation4 ,%e is ! v ,wit*-,v5us ( ! 
,middle ,ages4 ,rog] ,as*am says1 ,i 0  
once 9 ,italy myself1 b ,i ?ank ,god my 
abode !re 0 b n9e days2 & yet ,i saw 9 t
 little "t1 9 "o city1 m lib]ty to s9   
?an ev] ,i he>d tell ( 9 our noble city 
( ,london 9 n9e ye>s4 ,he quotes        
triumphantly ! prov]b1--,+lese          
italianato1 diavolo inc>nato4 ,a c5tury 
lat]1 ! ent]ta9+ ,ri*>d ,lassels1 ,g5t41
 :o ,travell$ ?r\gh ,italy ,five times z
 ,tutor to sev]al ( ! ,engli% ,nobility 
& ,g5try1 & :o is op5 to new engagem5ts 
9 t k9d1 decl>es1 t1 ,= ! ,c\ntry       
itself1 x seem$ to me to be ,nature's   
,d>l+1 & ! ,elde/ ,si/] ( all o!r       
,c\ntries2 c>ry+ away f !m all ! greate/

 bless+s & fav\rs1 & receiv+ su* graci\s
 looks f ! ,sun & ,heav51 t1 if !re be  
any fault 9 ,italy1 x is1 t h] ,"m      
,nature ha? cock]$ h] too mu*1 ev5 to   
make h] become ,wanton4 ,pla9ly1 our    
,tannhus] is b too ready to g back to ! 
,v5us-b]g6  ,a new book on ,italy seems 
a dang]\s exp]im5t4 ,has n all be5 told 
& told & told aga98 ,is x n "o *ief *>m 
( ! l&1 t x is *angeless )\t be+ ,*9ese8
 ,did n ,abbot ,samson1 9 #aaei1 ,scotti
 habitum indu5s1 7:i* mu/ h %[n 8       
massive calves to great advantage47     
probably see mu* ! same popul>          
*>act]i/ics t ,haw?orne saw sev5 hundr$ 
ye>s lat]8 ,%all a man try to be        
ent]ta9+ aft] ,montaigne1 ae/hetic aft] 
,w9ckelmann1 wise aft] ,goe!1 or tr5*ant
 aft] ,=sy?8 ,c he hope to br+ back     
any?+ s useful z ! =k1 :i* hone/ ,tom   
,coryate made prize ( two c5turies & a  
half ago1 & put into ! greasy f+]s (    
,nor!rn b>b>ians8 ,is n ! ,descrittione 
( ,le&ro ,alb]ti /ill a compet5t it9]>y8
 ,& c "o hope to pick up a fre% ,lat9   

quotation1 :5 ,addison & ,eu/ace h be5  
be=e him ) _! scrap-baskets8  ,if !re be
 any?+ :i* a p]son ( ev5 mod]ate        
accompli%m5ts may be presum$ to "k1 x is
 ,italy4 ,! only op5 "q left seems to   
be1 :e!r ,%akespe>e 7 ! only man t c\ld 
write 8 "n :o _h nev] be5 !re4 ,we h    
read our %>e ( ,italian travels1 bo? 9  
prose & v]se1 b1 z ! nicely discrim9at+ 
,dut*man f\nd t too mo* brahndee 0 too  
mo*1 b too mo* lag]-be] 0 jo/ hright1 s 
we are incl9$ to say t too mu* ,italy is
 j :at we want4 ,aft] ,des ,brosses1 we 
are ready = ,h5ri ,beyle1 & ,ampre1 &   
,hill>d1 & ,ab\t1 & ,gall5ga1 & ,julia  
,kavanagh2 ,cor9ne only makes u hungry =
 ,george ,s&4 ,t no "o c tell u any?+   
new is z und5iable z ! comp5sat+ fact t 
no "o c tell u any?+ too old4  ,!re are 
two k9ds ( travell]s1--^? :o tell u :at 
!y w5t to see1 & ^? :o tell u :at !y    
saw4 ,! latt] class are ! only ones ^:  
j\rnals are wor? ! sift+2 & ! value ( _!
 eyes dep5ds on ! am\nt ( individual "* 
!y took ) !m1 & ( ! previ\s culture t _h

 %>p5$ & tutor$ ! faculty ( obs]vation4 
,9 our consci\s age ! frankness & navet 
( ! eld] voyag]s is impossible1 & we are
 we>y ( ^? humor\s confid5ces on !      
subject ( fleas ) :i* we are favor$ by  
"s mod]n travell]s1 ^: motto %\ld be    
7slightly alt]$7 f ,horace1--,flea-bit1 
et toto cantabitur orbe4 ,a naturali/   
self-sacrific+ en\gh may h ?is exp]i5ce 
m *eaply at home4  ,! book be=e u is !  
record ( a second resid5ce 9 ,italy1 (  
ab\t two ye>s4 ,?is 9 itself is an      
advantage2 s9ce a r5ew$ exp]i5ce1 aft]  
an int]val ( abs5ce & di/raction1       
enables u to di/+ui% :at _h m]ely       
int]e/$ u by its /rang5ess f :at is     
p]man5tly wor?y ( /udy & remembrance4 ,9
 a second visit we "k at lea/ :at we d n
 wi% to see1 & our fir/ impressions h s 
def9$ !mselves t !y af=d u a saf] /&>d (
 comp>ison4 ,to mo/ travell]s ,italy is 
a l& ( pure vacation1 a lotus-eat+      
region1 9 :i* x seeme? always aft]noon4 
,b ,mr4 ,norton1 ^: book %[s b[ well 8  
"t _h be5 employ$ at home1 c\ld n b sp5d

 x to good purpose abroad4 ,! ^w /udy   
has a "r to its place on 8 title-page1 &
 8 volume is wor?y ( a /ud5t4 ,he %[s   
himself to be "o :o1 l ,wordswor?1 does 
n mu* or (t delight 9 p]sonal talk2 !re 
is no gossip betwe5 ! cov]s ( 8 book1 no
 imp]t95t self-obtrusion4 ,famili> ) :at
 has be5 writt5 ab\t ,italy by o!rs1 he 
has kn[n h[ to avoid ! trite highways1 &
 by go+ back to :at 0 old has f\nd      
topics t are really fre% & delightful4  
,! ,italy ( ! anci5t ,romans is a =eign 
c\ntry to u1 & mu/ always cont9ue s2 b !
 ,italy ( ! ,middle ,ages is ne>]1 n s  
mu* 9 "t1 z because !re is no impassable
 rift ( religi\s fai?1 & consequ5tly (  
ideas & motives1 betwe5 u & x4 ,f> en\gh
 away 9 ! c5turies to be picturesque1 x 
is ne> en\gh 9 ! sympa?y ( belief &     
?\ght to be ?or\ghly intelligible4 ,!   
*apt] on ! ,bro!rhood ( ! ,mis]icordia  
at ,flor5ce is rem>kably int]e/+1 & !   
co9cid5ce :i* ,mr4 ,norton po9ts out 9 a
 note betwe5 ! circum/ances :i* l$ to   
its f\ndation & ^? 9 :i* a some:at      

simil> society orig9at$ 9 ,cali=nia s   
lately z #ahei is n only curi\s1 b      
pleasant1 z %[+ t !re is a natural piety
 prop] to man 9 all ages alike4 ,9 8    
acc\nt ( ! build+ ( ! ,ca!dral (        
,orvieto1 & 8 notices ( ,rome z x 0 :5  
,dante & ,petr>* saw x1 ,mr4 ,norton has
 /ruck a ri* ve91 :i* we hope he w f9d  
"t to "w m ?or\ghly h]eaft]4 ,by !      
ess5tial fairness ( 8 m9d1 8 pati5ce 9  
inve/igation1 & 8 sympa?y ) :at is noble
 9 "* & morally influ5tial 9 ev5ts1 he  
seems to u peculi>ly fitt$ = t middle   
gr\nd occupi$ by ! hi/orical essayi/1 to
 :om lit]ature is some?+ cord9ate )     
politics1 & :o f9ds a great book m      
ev5tful ?an a small battle4  ,b if1 z a 
s*ol> & lov] ( ,art1 ,mr4 ,norton       
naturally turns to ! pa/1 he does n fail
 to tell u :atev] he f9ds wor? kn[+ 9 ! 
pres5t4 ,8 tone ( m9d & habitual        
subjects ( ?\ght may be inf]r$ f ! "* ( 
! topics t int]e/ him4 ,! glimpses he   
gives u ( ! actual condition ( ! p (    
,italy1 z indicat$ by _! practical      

conception ( ! religi\s dogmas ( _!     
,*ur*1 by ! quality ( ! *eap lit]ature t
 is popul> among !m1 ( ! tracts provid$ 
= _! spiritual alim5t by ecclesia/ical  
au?ority1 & ( ! c>icatures produc$ 9    
#ahdh-i1 7z 9 8 notice ( ,don ,pirlone17
 are ( special value1 & %[ t he kn[s :]e
 to look = signs ( :at lies b5ea? !     
surface4 ,8 appreciation ( ! beautiful 9
 ,art has n be5 cultivat$ at ! exp5se ( 
8 int]e/ 9 ! moral1 political1 &        
physical well-be+ ( man4 ,8 t\*+ sket* (
 ! life ( ,lett]ato1 ! f\nd] ( ,ragg$   
,s*ools1 %[s t moral lovel9ess attracts 
8 sympa?y z mu* :5 embodi$ 9 a life (   
obscure usefulness z :5 x gleams 9 !    
sa9ts & angels ( ,fra ,angelico4 ,a     
consci5ti\s ,prote/ant1 he exposes !    
corruptions ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* 9       
,italy1 n z an anti-,romani/1 b because 
he sees t !y are practically op]ative 9 
! social & political degradation ( ! p4 
,:at good !re is nev] escapes 8         
att5tion1 & we le>n f him mu* t is new &
 int]e/+ conc]n+ public *>ities &       

private ef=ts = ! elevation ( ! l[]     
ord]s4 ,! miles ( /atu>y 9 ! ,vatican d 
n we>y him s mu* t he _c at night make !
 r\nd ( ev5+ s*ools = ! poor4  ,we h n  
read a pleasant] or m in/ructive book ( 
,italian travel ?an ?is4 ,mr4 ,norton's 
range ( int]e/ is s wide t we are       
refre%$ ) cont9ual v>iety ( topic2 & 8  
/yle is pure1 cle>1 & *a/e1 )\t any     
sacrifice ( w>m? or ri*ness4 ,x is      
always especially agreeable to u to     
enc\nt] an ,am]ican :o is a s*ol> 9 !   
true s5se ( ! ^w1 9 :i* s5se x is nev]  
dissociat$ f g5tleman4 ,:51 z 9 ! pres5t
 in/ance1 s*ol>%ip is unit$ ) a deep &  
active int]e/ 9 :atev] conc]ns !        
practical well-be+ ( m51 we h "o ( ! be/
 results ( our mod]n civilization4 ,we  
are no lov]s ( dilettantism1 b we see 9 
^! s*ol>ly ta/es & habits :i* d n       
seclude a man f ! duties ( real life &  
useful citiz5%ip ! only safegu>d aga9/ !
 evils :i* ! rapid heap+-up ( weal? is  
sure to br+ ) x4  ,we d n always agree )
 ,mr4 ,norton 9 8 e/imate ( ! comp>ative

 m]it ( diff]5t arti/s4 ,we ?9k he      
sometimes makes ,mr4 ,rusk9's mi/ake (  
attribut+ to positive religi\s s5tim5t  
:at is r to be ascrib$ to ! negative    
influ5ce ( circum/ances & date4 ,we _c  
help ?9k+ t ! m]e arrangem5t ( _!       
figures by su* pa9t]s z ,cima da        
,conegliano & ,francesco ,francia1 !    
ar*itectural regul>ity ( _! disposition1
 ! sculpturesque dignity ( _! attitudes1
 & ! consequ5t impression ( simplicity &
 repose :i* !y convey1 h mu* to d ) !   
religi\s effect !y produce on ! m9d1 z  
contra/$ ) ! m dramatic & picturesque   
conceptions ( lat] arti/s4 ,:5 we look  
at ,john ,bell9o's ,gods come d[n to    
ta/e ! ,fruits ( ! ,e>?1 we _c ?9k him  
ess5tially a m religi\s man ?an 8 great 
pupil :o pa9t$ t truly div9e c\nt5ance (
 ,*ri/ 9 ,! ,tribute-,money4 ,at ! same 
"t we g along ) ,mr4 ,norton he>tily1   
:]e1 9 ! conclud+ pages ( 8 book1 )     
equal le>n+ & eloqu5ce1 he po9ts out !  
causes & traces ! progress ( ! moral &  
arti/ic decl9e :i* came ov] ,italy 9 !  

sixte5? c5tury1 & ^: effect made !      
sev5te5? almo/ a des]t4 ,?is is "o ( !  
mo/ /rik+ passages 9 ! volume1 & !      
lesson ( x is br\ght home to u ) a =ce &
 f]vor wor?y ( ! !me4 ,x also af=ds a   
good type ( ! quiet vigor ( ?\ght & !   
high moral purpose :i* are *>act]i/ic ( 
! au?or4   #a4 ,an ,am]ican ,diction>y (
 ! ,engli% ,language1 etc41 etc4 ,by    
,,noah ,,web/]1 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,revis$ &     
enl>g$ by ,,*auncey ,a4 ,,goodri*1      
,pr(essor 9 ,yale ,college4 ,spr+field1 
,mass43 ,g4  ,c4 ,m]riam4 #ahei4 pp4    
ccxxxvi41 #aeab4  #b4 ,a ,diction>y ( ! 
,engli% ,language4 ,by ,,joseph ,e4     
,,worce/]1 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,bo/on3 ,hickl+1   
,swan1  ,brew]4 #ahfj4 pp4 lxviii11     
#aghf4  ,s9ce ! fam\s ,battle ( ! ,books
 9 ,/4 ,james's ,libr>y1 no lit]>y      
controv]sy has be5 m %>ply wag$ ?an t   
betwe5 ! adh]5ts ( ! rival ,diction>ies 
( ,doctors ,worce/] & ,web/]4 ,! attack 
0 begun ?irty ye>s ago1 by ,dr4 ,web/]'s
 publi%]s1 :5 ,dr4 ,worce/]'s           
,compreh5sive ,diction>y fir/ appe>$ 9  

pr9t4 ,on ! publication ( 8 ,univ]sal & 
,critical ,diction>y1 9 #ahdf1 x 0      
r5ew$1 &1 n to speak ( occasional       
skirmi%es dur+ ! int]val1 ! appe>ance ( 
,dr4 ,worce/]'s enl>g$ & f9i%$ "w br\ght
 matt]s to ! crisis ( a pit*$ battle4   
,f ?is long conflict ,dr4 ,worce/] has  
unque/ionably come (f victori\s4 ,dr4   
,web/] seem$ to assume t he _h a k9d (  
monopoly 9 ! ,engli% language1 & t :oev]
 v5tur$ to compile a diction>y 0 guilty 
( infr++ 8 pat5t-"r4 ,he drew up a li/ (
 words1 & triumphantly ask$ ,dr4        
,worce/] :]e he _h f\nd !m1 unless 9 8  
two qu>tos ( #ahbh4 ,dr4 ,worce/] repli$
 by %[+ t mo/ ( ! words 7 to be f\nd 9  
previ\s ,engli% diction>ies1 & add$1 )  
sly humor1 t he freely ackn[l$g$ ,dr4   
,web/]'s exclusive prop]ty 9 ! ^w       
bridegoom1 & o!rs l x1 :i* w\ld be s\ght
 = va9ly 9 any volumes b 8 own4 ,dr4    
,web/]'s attack 0 z unfair z ! result ( 
x 0 un=tunate = himself4  ,we h sev]al  
reasons1 :i* seem to u suffici5t1 =     
pref]r+ ,dr4 ,worce/]'s ,diction>y2 b we

 are n1 on t acc\nt1 dispos$ to und]rate
 ! rem>kable m]its ( its rival4 ,dr4    
,web/] 0 a man ( vigor\s m9d1 & end[$ ) 
a g5u9e faculty ( indep5d5t ?9k+4 ,he   
has h>dly receiv$ ju/ice at ! h&s ( 8   
c\ntrym51 a l>ge portion ( :om h too    
ha/ily tak5 a few ob/9ate :imsies z !   
measure ( 8 p[]s4 ,utt]ly fanciful z are
 _m ( 8 etymologies1 we %\ld be false to
 our duty z critics1 if we did n        
ackn[l$ge t ,dr4 ,web/] possess$ 9 v    
l>ge measure ! *ief qualities :i* g to !
 mak+ ( a great philologi/4 ,! v t5d5cy 
to !orize1 :i* l$ him to adopt ^?       
oddities ( spell+ by :i* he may be said 
to be *iefly kn[n1 unit$ z x 0 to an    
und]/&+ ( uncommon bread? & cle>ness1   
w\ld "u m favorable auspices h giv5 him 
a v em95t place among ! philosophic     
/ud5ts ( language4 ,8 great mi/ake 0 9  
attempt+ to =ce 8 peculi> notions ^u !  
_w 9 8 ,diction>y1 in/ead ( conf9+ !m to
 8 ,preface1 or putt+ !m =w>d t5tatively
 9 a sep>ate treatise4 ,! importance :i*
 he atta*$ to ^! trifles ought to h giv5

 him a h9t t o!rs might be z ob/9ate on 
! o!r side1 & t ! prejudices ( ta/e h   
mu* t\gh] roots ?an ^? ( op9ion4 ,we are
 incl9$ to ?9k t _m ( ! *anges propos$  
by ,dr4 ,web/] w be adopt$ 9 ! c\rse (  
"t4 ,b x is a matt] ( little consequ5ce1
 & ! progress ( su* re=ms is sl[4       
,already two hundr$ ye>s ago1 ,james    
,h[el 7! au?or ( ,*>les ,lamb's favorite
 ,epi/olae ,ho-,elianae7 advocat$ simil>
 re=ms1 &1 z f> z ! pr9t]s w\ld let him1
 c>ri$ !m out 9 practice4 ,! pr9t] ha? n
 b9 s c>eful z he %\ld h b91 he         
compla9s4 ,he especially condemns !     
sup]flu\s lett]s 9 _m ( our words1 *oos+
 to write don1 com1 & som1 r ?an done1  
come1 & "s4 ,moreov]1 he says1 ^? words 
t h ! ,lat9 = _! orig9al1 ! au?or pref]s
 t or?ography r ?an ! ,fr5*1 :]eby div]s
 lett]s are sp>'d3 z ,physic1 ,logic1   
,afric1 n ,physique1 ,logique1 ,afrique2
 favor1 honor1 labor1 n fav\r1 hon\r1   
lab\r1 & v _m m2 z also he omits ! ,dut*
 k 9 mo/ words2 "h y %all read peeple1 n
 pe-ople1 tresure1 n tre-asure1 t\ng1 n 

ton-gue1 c42 ,p>lem5t1 n ,p>liam5t2     
bus9es1 witnes1 sicknes1 n bus9esse1    
witnesse1 sicknesse2 />1 w>1 f>1 n />re1
 w>re1 f>re2 & multitudes ( su* words1  
:]e9 ! two la/ lett]s may well be sp>'d4
 ,"h y %all also read pity1 piety1      
witty1 n piti-e1 pieti-e1 witti-e1 z    
/rang]s at fir/ sight pron\nce !m1 &    
abundance ( su* l words4  ,h[el gives a 
weak reason = mak+ ! *anges he proposes1
 namely1 t ! language w !reby be        
simplifi$ to =eign]s4 ,he h9ts at ! true
 "o :5 he says t we d n speak z we      
write4 ,dr4 ,web/] also1 speak+ ( c]ta9 
words end+ 9 our1 says1 ,:at motive c\ld
 induce !m to write ^! words1 & err\r1  
hon\r1 fav\r1 inf]i\r1 c41 9 ?is mann]1 
foll[+ nei!r ! ,lat9 nor ! ,fr5*1 ,i _c 
conceive4 ,_h ,dr4 ,web/]'s k ( ! writt5
 ,engli% language be5 z great z x       
und\bt$ly 0 ( its l+ui/ic relations1 he 
w\ld h se5 t ! spell+ foll[$ ! acc5t4 ,!
 ?ird v]se ( ! ,prologue to ! ,cant]bury
 ,tales w\ld h satisfi$ him3--    ,&    
ba?d e root 9 su* licor2  & a little    

f>!r on1--    ,or sw9k5 ) 8 h\ds &      
labore4  ,9 ?is respect ! spell+ ( our  
old] writ]s1 :]e x c be dep5d$ on1 &    
especially ( re=m]s l ,h[el1 is ( value1
 z ?r[+ "s light on ! "q1 h[ long !     
,norman pronunciation l+]$ 9 ,engl&4    
,w>n]1 = in/ance1 9 8 ,albion's ,engl&1 
spells creator & creature z !y are spelt
 n[1 b gives ! ,fr5* acc5t to bo?2 & we 
are incl9$ to ?9k t ! *>ge ( speak+ "r  
,*auc]1 br\ght aga9/ ! c\rti]s ( ,que5  
,elizabe?1 ref]r$ r to acc5t ?an        
diction4  ,! v title ( ,dr4 ,web/]'s    
,diction>y indicates a radical          
misappreh5sion z to ! nature & (fice (  
su* a "w4 ,he calls ! result ( 8 labors 
an ,am]ican ,diction>y ( ! ,engli%      
,language1 z if prov9cialism 7 a m]it4  
,he evid5tly ?\ght t ! bus9ess ( a      
lexicograph] 0 to regulate1 n to record4
 ,sometimes also 8 zeal z an etymologi/ 
misl$ him1 z 9 8 fam\s attempt to make !
 ^w bridegroom m con=mable to its       
suppos$ ,anglo-,saxon root & its mod]n  
,teutonic cong5]s4 ,x nev] occurr$ to   

him t we 7 /ill z f> z ev] f ! goal1 & t
 x w\ld be q z inconv5i5t to expla9 t ! 
t]m9ation goom 0 a d]ivation f !        
,anglo-,saxon guma z t x 0 a corruption 
( x2 ! po9t to be ga9$ be+1 aft] all1 t 
we %\ld be able to f9d out ! mean+ ( !  
,engli% ^w bridegroom1 hav+ no press+   
ne$ ( guma = conv]sational purposes4 ,we
 h spok5 ( ?is ^w only because we h he>d
 x br\ght up aga9/ ,dr4 ,web/] z (t5 z  
any?+ else1 & because ! disproportionate
 antipa?y produc$ by ?is & a few simil> 
oddities %[s1 t1 ! prim>y object ( all  
writ+ be+ ! cle> conveyance ( mean+1 & n
 only s1 b its conveyance 9 ! mo/ w9n+  
way1 a writ] blund]s :o wilfully        
e/ranges ! read]'s eye or j>s ^u its    
habitual associations1 & t a            
lexicograph] blund]s /ill m desp]ately1 
:o1 ^u sy/em1 tea*es to (f5d 9 t k9d4 ,&
 x is amus+ 9 respect to ?is v ^w       
bridegoom1 t ! :imsey is n ,dr4 ,web/]'s
 own1 b t ! bee 0 put into 8 bonnet by  
,horne ,tooke4  ,web/] 9 ^! matt]s 0 a  
bit ( a ,hotspur4 ,he ?\ght to deal )   

language z ! vehem5t ,p]cy w\ld h done )
 ! ,tr5t4 ,! smug & silv] /ream 0 to be 
all[$ no m wilful w9d+s1 b to run    ,9 
a new *annel fair & ev5ly4  ,he f\nd an 
equally hot-head$ ,gl5d[]1 :]ev] !re 0  
an educat$ man1 ready ) ! answ]1--    ,n
 w9d8 x %all2 x mu/2 y see x     do?4   
,y see x do? is an argum5t ^: =ce no    
!ori/ ev] takes into 8 reckon+4  ,we    
said t ! title ,am]ican ,diction>y ( !  
,engli% ,language 0 an absurdity4 ,fancy
 a ,cuban ,diction>y ( ! ,spani%        
,language4 ,x w\ld be ( value only to ! 
comp>ative philologi/1 curi\s 9 ! *anges
 ( mean+1 pronunciation1 & ! l1 :i*     
circum/ances are always br++ ab\t 9     
languages subject$ to new conditions (  
life & climate4 ,b we mu/ n =get to say 
t ! title *os5 by ,dr4 ,web/] convey$   
also a mean+ cr$itable to 8 _s &        
judgm5t4 ,he always /\tly ma9ta9$ ! "r (
 ,engli% z spok5 9 ,am]ica to all !     
privileges ( a liv+ language4 ,9        
opposition to ! puri/s :o w\ld h clasp$ 
! language =ev] )9 ! cov]s ( ,johnson1  

he insi/$ on ! necessity ( co9+ new     
words or adapt+ old ones to express new 
?+s & new relations4 ,x is _m ye>s s9ce 
we read 8 ,rem>ks 7if t 0 ! title7 on   
,pick]+'s ,vocabul>y1 & 9 answ] to ! r  
sup]cili\s criticisms on himself 9 !    
,an?ology2 b ! impression left on our   
m9d by t pamphlet is "o ( great respect 
= ! good s5se1 acut5ess1 & c\rage ( its 
au?or4 ,& ( 8 ,diction>y x may safely be
 said1 t1 ) all its mi/akes1 no "w ( !  
k9d _h !n appe>$ s le>n$ & s            
compreh5sive4 ,x may be d\bt$ if any    
liv+ language possess$ at t "t a        
diction>y1 or "o1 at lea/1 ! "w ( a s+le
 man1 9 all respects its equal4  ,b     
etymologies are n ! mo/ important "p ( a
 good work+ diction>y1 ! int5tion ( :i* 
is n to in=m read]s & writ]s :at a ^w   
may h meant be=e ! ,disp]sion1 b :at x  
means n[4 ,! p$igree ( an adjective or  
sub/antive is ( little consequ5ce to    
n9ety-n9e m5 9 a hundr$1 & ! writ]s :o h
 wield$ our "m-tongue ) ! greate/ ma/]y 
h be5 m5 :o knew :at words _h mo/ mean+ 

to _! neighbors & acqua9tances1 & did n 
/ay _! p5s to ask :at ideas ! radicals (
 ^? words may possibly h convey$ to !   
m9d ( a bricklay] go+ up f ,padan>am to 
seek "w on ! ,t[] ( ,babel4 ,a ?or\ghly 
good etymological diction>y ( ,engli% is
 yet to seek2 & ev5 if we %\ld ev] get  
"o1 x w be = /ud5ts1 & n = ! laity4 ,nor
 is x ! prim>y object ( a common        
diction>y to trace ! hi/ory ( !         
language4 ,( great int]e/ & importance  
to s*ol>s1 x is ( comp>atively little to
 ,smi? & ,br[n & _! *ildr5 at ! public  
s*ool4 ,x is a "w ap>t1 :i* we hope to  
see accompli%$ by ! ,london             
,philological ,society 9 a mann] wor?y (
 comp>ison ) :at has be5 p>tly done =   
,g]man by ! bro!rs ,grimm1--alas t !    
illu/ri\s duality %\ld h be5 brok5 by   
dea?6 ,a lexicon ( t k9d %\ld be an     
index to all ! m em95t books 9 !        
language2 b we d n hold ?is to be !     
(fice ( a diction>y = daily ref]5ce4 ,a 
diction>y t %\ld embrace e unusual ^w1 e
 new comp\nd1 e metaphorical turn (     

mean+1 to be f\nd 9 our great writ]s1   
w\ld be a comp5dium ( ! g5ius ( our     
au?ors r ?an ( our language2 & a        
lexicograph] :o rakes ! books ( second &
 ?ird-rate m5 = out-(-!-way phrases is  
do+ u no favor4 ,a diction>y is n a     
drag-net to br+ up = u ! brok5 pots &   
dead kitt5s1 ! sew]age ( spee*1 z well z
 its liv+ fi%es4 ,nor d we ?9k x a fair 
te/ ( su* a "w1 t "o %\ld seek 9 x = e  
odd ^w t may h tickl$ 8 fancy 9 a       
favorite au?or4 ,l mo/ middle-ag$       
read]s1 we h our specially private      
volumes4 ,"o ( ^!--b we w n betray !    
secret ( our loves--conta9s "s r>e      
words1 su* z ! ,gallicism               
mi/resse-piece1 & ! delightful hybrid   
pundonnore = trifl+ po9ts-(-honor2 yet  
we by no means compla9 t we c f9d nei!r 
( !m 9 ,worce/]1 & only ! =m] 7) a      
ludicr\sly mi/ak5 def9ition7 9 ,web/]4  
,a conclusive reason ) u = pref]r+ ,dr4 
,worce/]'s ,diction>y is1 t its au?or   
has prop]ly und]/ood 8 functions1 & has 
aim$ to give u a true view ( ,engli% z x

 is1 & n z he himself may h wi%$ x %\ld 
be or ?\ght x ought to he4 ,its         
etymologies are suffici5t = ! ord9>y    
read]1--sometimes sup]flu\sly full1 z   
:]e ! same ^w is giv5 ov] & ov] aga9 9  
cognate languages4 ,we d n see ! use1 "u
 ! ^w ,,pla91 ( tak+ up room ) a li/ l !
 foll[+3 ,l4 planus2 ,x4 piano2 ,sp4    
piano2 ,fr4 pla94 ,n cont5t ) ?is1 ,dr4 
,worce/] gives x once m "u ,,plan3 ,l4  
planus1 flat2 ,x4 piano1 a plan2 ,sp4   
piano2 ,fr4 plan4--,dut41 ,g]41 ,dan41 &
 ,sw4 plan4 ,ev5 yet we h n done ) x1 = 
"u ,,plane we f9d ,l4 planus2 ,x4 piano2
 ,sp4plano1 ,fr4 plan4 ,"o w\ld ?9k ?is 
r a ,polyglot ,lexicon ?an an ,engli%   
,diction>y4 ,x seems to u t no ,romanic 
d]ivative ( ! ,lat9 root %\ld he giv51  
unless to %[ t ! ^w has come into       
,engli% by t *annel4 ,& s ( ! ,teutonic 
languages4 ,if we h ,dani%1 ,sw$i%1     
,g]man1 & ,dut*1 :y n ,scot*1 ,icel&ic1 
,frisic1 ,swiss1 & e o!r conceivable    
dialectic v>iety8  ,ano!r fault (       
sup]flu\sness we f9d 9 ! numb] (        

comp\nd$ words1 :]e ! mean+ is          
obvi\s1--su*1 = in/ance1 z are =m$ ) !  
adv]b out1 :i* ! g5ius ( ! language     
p]mits )\t limit 9 ! case ( v]bs4 ,dr4  
,worce/] gives u1 among _m o!rs1--      
,,out-,,babble1 v4 a4 ,to surpass 9     
,idle prattle2 to exce$ 9 babbl+4       
,milton4  ,,out-,,bell[1 v4 a4 ,to bell[
 m or l\d] ?an2 to exce$ or surpass 9   
bell[+4 ,bp4 ,hall4  ,,out-,,bleat1 v4  
a4 ,to bleat m ?an2 to exce$ 9 bleat+4  
,bp4 ,hall4  ,,out-,,brag1 v4 a4 ,to    
surpass 9 bragg+4 ,%ak4  ,,out-,,bribe1 
v1 a4 ,to exce$ 9 brib+4 ,blair4        
,,out-,,burn1 v4 a4 ,to exce$ 9 burn+4  
,"y4 ,! def9ition "h is h>dly complete2 
s9ce ! ^w means also to burn long] ?an4 
,,out-,,cant1 v4 a4 ,to surpass 9 cant+4
 ,pope4  ,,out-,,*eat1 v4 a4 ,to surpass
 9 *eat+4  ,,out-,,curse1 v4 a4 ,to     
surpass 9 curs+4  ,,out-,,dr9k1 v4 a4   
,to exce$ 9 dr9k+4 ,donne4              
,,out-,,fawn1 v4 a4 ,to excel 9 fawn+4  
,hudibras4  ,,out-,,feat1 v4 a4 ,to     
surpass 9 feats4 ,sm>t4  ,,out-,,fla%1  

v4 a4 ,to surpass 9 fla%+4 ,cl>ke4      
,simil> words occur at frequ5t int]vals 
?r\gh n9e columns4 ,dr4 ,web/] is       
equally rel5tless1 7ev5 rop+ 9 a few    
e/rays 9 8 ,app5dix17 & we h>dly "k :i* 
has out-word$ ! o!r4 ,we 7 surpris$ to  
f9d 9 nei!r ! useful & legitimate       
sub/antive =m ( outgo1 z ! opposite (   
income4 ,?is sup]flu\sness 7unless we   
apply ,voltaire's say+1 ,le sup]flu1    
*ose bi5 ncessaire to diction>ies also7 
is ! result1 we suppose1 ( ! rivalry (  
publi%]s1 :o h done _! be/ to p]suade ! 
public t num]osity is ! *ief excell5ce 9
 works ( ?is k9d1 & t :oev] buys _!     
p>ticul> qu>to may be sure ( an hone/   
p5nywor? & ( own+ a ?\s& or two m words 
?an 8 less judici\s neighbors4 ,9 ?is   
way a false /&>d is manufactur$1 to :i* 
! lexicograph] mu/ con=m1 if he w\ld h a
 remun]ative sale = 8 book4 ,he         
accord+ly explores e lane & impasse 9 ! 
purlieus ( ,grub ,/reet1 & p\nces on a  
new ^w z a naturali/ w\ld on a new      
bug1--! /rang] & ugli]1 ! bett]4 ,we    

regret t ?is k9d ( rivalry has be5 =c$  
on ,dr4 ,worce/]2 b he is s ?or\gh1     
pati5t1 & consci5ti\s1 t he leaves      
little beh9d him = ! glean]4 ,we confess
 t ! amplitude ( 8 rese>* has surpris$  
u1 highly z we 7 prep>$ to rate him 9   
?is respect by our famili>ity ) 8 =m]   
works4 ,we h subject$ 8 ,diction>y to a 
pretty sev]e te/4 ,f ! "t ( its         
publication we h made a po9t ( seek+ 9 x
 e unusual ^w1 old or new1 t we met ) 9 
our read+4 ,we h be5 disappo9t$ 9 h>dly 
a s+le in/ance1 & we are n acqua9t$ )   
any o!r diction>y ( :i* we c\ld say z   
mu*4  ,an attempt has be5 made to damage
 ,dr4 ,worce/]'s "w by a p>tial         
comp>ison ( 8 def9itions ) ^? ( ,dr4    
,web/]2 & "h1 aga91 ! assumption has    
be51 t numb] 0 ( m importance ?an       
concise complet5ess4 ,9 ! case ( a qu>to
 diction>y1 we suppose an hone/ review] 
may confess t he has n read ?r\gh !     
subject ( 8 criticism4 ,we h op5$ ,dr4  
,web/]'s volume at r&om1 & h f\nd "s ( 8
 def9itions z extraord9>ily inaccurate z

 _m ( 8 etymologies4 ,!y q ju/ify a     
d\ble-ent5dre ( ,daniel ,web/]'s1 :i* we
 he>d him utt] _m ye>s ago 9 c\rt4 ,he  
_h =c$ su* a mean+ ^u "s ^w 9 a pap]    
connect$ ) ! case on trial1 t ! oppos+  
c\nsel int]rupt$ him to ask 9 :at       
diction>y he f\nd ! ^w s def9$4 ,he     
sil5c$ 8 que/ion] in/antly ) a happy    
play ^u ! "n common to himself & !      
lexicograph]3 ,9 ,web/]'s ,diction>y1   
,sir6 ,we f9d 9 ,web/]1 = example1 !    
foll[+ def9ition ( a ^w z to ^: mean+ he
 c\ld h be5 set "r by any coa/+-skipp] t
 sail$ out ( ,new ,hav53--              
,,amid-,,%ips2 9 m>9e language1 ! middle
 ( a %ip ) reg>d to h] l5g? & bread?4   
,n[1 :5 "o %ip runs into ano!r at sea & 
/rikes h] amid-%ips1 h[ is %e to        
contrive to accompli% x s z to satisfy !
 requirem5ts ( ?is def9ition8 ,or if a  
sailor is said to be /&+ amid%ips1 mu/  
he be plant$ precisely 9 :at he w\ld    
probably agree ) ,dr4 ,web/] 9 spell+ ! 
c5t] ( ! ma9-hat*8 ,dr4 ,worce/]1 quot+ 
,falcon]1 is ( c\rse "r4  ,we give ano!r

 ( ,dr4 ,web/]'s def9itions1 :i* caught 
our eye 9 look+ ov] 8 array ( words     
comp\nd$ ) out4 ,,outw>d-,,b\nd2 proce$+
 f a port or c\ntry4 ,n[ ,dr4 ,web/]    
does n tell 8 read]s t ! t]m is         
exclusively applicable to vessels2 & we 
%\ld l to "k :5ce a vessel is likely to 
proce$1 unless f a port1--& :]e ports   
are commonly situat$1 unless 9 c\ntries8
 ,if an ,am]ican %ip be proce$+ f ! port
 ( ,liv]pool to "s port 9 ! ,unit$      
,/ates1 h[ soon does %e ent] on :at     
lexicograph]s call ! /ate ( be+         
homew>d-b\nd8 ,! n>r[ limits to :i* ,dr4
 ,web/] conf9es ! ^w w\ld n ext5d beyond
 ! jaws ( ! h>bor f :i* ! %ip is sail+4 
,dr4 ,worce/]'s def9ition is1           
,,outw>d-,,b\nd4 7,naut47 ,b\nd outw>d  
or to =eign p>ts4 ,crabb4  ,"u ! ^w     
,,moresque we f9d 9 ,web/] ! foll[+     
def9ition3 ,a species ( pa9t+ or c>v+   
done aft] ! ,moori% mann]1 consi/+ (    
grotesque pieces & comp>tm5ts           
promiscu\sly int]sp]s$2 arabesque4      
,gwilt4 7,! ,italics are our own47 ,we h

 n ,mr4 ,gwilt's ,encyclopa$ia at h&2 b 
if ?is be a fair repres5tation ( "o (   
its def9itions1 x is a v untru/wor?y    
au?ority4 ,! la/ t]m to be appli$ to    
arabesque-"w is grotesque1 or           
promiscu\sly int]sp]s$2 & ! description 
"h giv5 leaves out ! mo/ beautiful k9d (
 arabesque1 namely1 ! inlaid "w (       
geometrical figures 9 color$ m>bles1 9  
:i* ! ,arabs f> surpass$ ! old] opus    
,alex&r9um4 ,no?+ c\ld be less          
grotesque1 less promiscu\sly int]sp]s$1 
or m beautiful 9 its h>moni\s v>iety1   
?an ! "w ( ?is k9d 9 ! fam\s ,capella   
,reale at ,pal]mo4  ,dr4 ,web/] def9es  
,,night-,,piece z a piece ( pa9t+ s     
color$ z to be suppos$ se5 by           
c&le-light1--a description :i* we       
suspect w\ld h some:at puzzl$ ,gh]>do   
della ,notte4  ,we might give o!r       
in/ances1 _h we "t & space2 b our object
 is n to depreciate ,web/]1 b only to %[
 t ! claim set up = him ( sup]ior       
exactness 9 def9ition is altoge!r       
gratuit\s4 ,we h f\nd no inaccuracies   

comp>able ) ^! 9 ,dr4 ,worce/]'s        
,diction>y1 :i* we tri$ 9 precisely !   
same way1 by op5+ x "h & !re at r&om4   
,moreov]1 look+ at 8 "w1 n absolutely1 b
 9 comp>ison ) ,dr4 ,web/]'s1 7z we are 
*all5g$ to d17 we _c leave out ( view t 
! =m] is a fir/ edition1 :ile ! latt]   
has _h ! advantage ( repeat$ revisions4 
,"u ! ^w ,,magdal51 we f9d ,web/]       
sup]ior to ,worce/]4 ,"u ,,ulan1 we f9d 
!m bo? wrong4 ,dr4 ,worce/] says x means
 a species ( militia among ! mod]n      
,t>t>s2 & ,dr4 ,web/]1 a c]ta9          
description ( militia among ! mod]n     
,t>t>s4 ,9 any ,poli% diction>y !y w\ld 
h f\nd ! ^w def9$ z mean+ lanc]1 & !    
,uhlans 9 ! ,au/rian army c h>dly be    
describ$ z mod]n ,t>t> militia4 ,bo?    
,diction>ies give ,,slaw1 & nei!r       
expla9s x rightly4 ,! ^w does n prop]ly 
belong 9 an ,engli% diction>y1 unless z 
an ,am]ican prov9cialism ( v n>r[ range4
 ,z su*1 x w be f\nd1 prop]ly def9$1 9  
,mr4 ,b>tlett's excell5t ,vocabul>y4    
,lexicograph]s :o s (t5 cite ! ,dut*    

equival5ts ( ,engli% words %\ld own     
,dut* diction>ies4 ,"u ,,imag9ation1 a  
good k9d ( te/-^w1 we f9d ,worce/] mu*  
sup]ior to ,web/]1 especially 9         
illu/rative citations4  ,we h be5       
a/oni%$ by "s in/ances ( slov5ly writ+  
to be f\nd "h & !re 9 ,dr4 ,web/]'s     
,diction>y1 because he 0 capable ( writ+
 pure & vigor\s ,engli%4 ,"u ,,magaz9e  
7& by ! way1 ,dr4 ,web/]'s def9ition    
omits altoge!r ! metaphorical s5se ( !  
^w7 we read t ,! fir/ publication ( ?is 
b9d 9 ,engl& 0 ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e1  
:i* fir/ appe>$ 9 #agca1 "u ! "n (      
,sylvanus ,urban1 by ,edw>d ,cave1 & :i*
 is /ill cont9u$4 ,a read] :o knew no?+ 
ab\t ! facts w\ld be puzzl$ to say :at !
 "n ( ! new p]iodical really 01 :e!r    
,g5tleman's ,magaz9e or ,sylvanus       
,urban2 & a read] :o knew little ab\t   
,engli% w\ld be l$ to ?9k t appe>$ by 0 
equival5t to 0 comm5c$ by1 unless1      
inde$1 he came to ! conclusion t its    
app>ition took place 9 ! neighborhood ( 
"s cav]n kn[n by ! "n ( ,edw>d4  ,we h  

only a ^w to say z to ! illu/rations1 z 
!y are call$1 a mi/ak5 pr(us5ess 9 :i*  
disfigures bo? ,diction>ies1 ano!r evil 
result ( booksell+ competition4 ,!      
great] "p ( !m1 especially ^? 9 ,web/]1 
are fitt] = a *ild's scrap-book ?an = a 
volume int5d$ to g into a /ud5t's       
libr>y4 ,su* adjuncts seem to u all[able
 only1 if at all1 some:at z !y 7        
introduc$ by ,blunt 9 8 ,glossographia1 
to make t]ms ( h]aldry m easily         
compreh5sible4 ,!y might be admitt$ to  
save tr\ble 9 describ+ geometrical      
figures1 or 9 expla9+ c]ta9 ( ! m       
frequ5tly occurr+ t]ms 9 ar*itecture &  
me*anics1 b beyond ?is !y are *ildi%4 ,!
 publi%]s ( ,web/] give u all !         
coats-(-arms ( ! ,/ates ( ! ,am]ican    
,union1 among o!r equally imp]t95t      
woodcuts4 ,we ent] a prote/ aga9/ ! :ole
 ?+1 z an equally unfair imputation on !
 ta/e & ! /&>d ( judgm5t ( intellig5t   
,am]icans4 ,if we mu/ h illu/rations1   
let !m be /rictly s1 & n prim]-pictures4
 ,bo? ,diction>ies give u ! figure ( a  

crossb[1 = in/ance1 z if !re c\ld be    
any:]e a boy ( t5 ye>s old :o did n "k !
 implem5t1 at lea/ "u its o!r "n (      
b[-gun4 ,nei!r cut w\ld give ! slighte/ 
notion ( ! ?+ z a weapon1 nor ( ! mode 9
 :i* x 0 w\nd up & let (f4 ,dr4 ,worce/]
 says t x 0 int5d$ = %oot+ arr[s1 :i* is
 n /rictly correct1 s9ce ! prop] "n ( ! 
missile x dis*>g$ 0 bolt1--some?+ v     
unlike ! %aft us$ by ord9>y b[m54  ,we  
believe ,dr4 ,worce/]'s ,diction>y to be
 ! mo/ complete & accurate ( any hi!rto 
publi%$4 ,he intrudes no !ories ( 8 own 
z to pronunciation or or?ography1 b     
cites ! op9ions ( ! be/ au?orities1 &   
briefly adds 8 own :]e !re is occasion4 
,he is no bigot = ! pres5t spell+ (     
c]ta9 classes ( words1 b gives !m1 z he 
%\ld d1 9 ! way !y are writt5 by educat$
 m51 at ! same "t express+ 8 belief t ! 
drift ( ! language is t[>d a *ange1     
:]ev] he ?9ks su* to be ! case4 ,we     
reprobate1 9 ! "n ( lit]>y dec5cy1 !    
me?ods :i* h be5 employ$ to give an     
unfair impression ( 8 "w1 z if x _h be5 

compil$ m]ely to supplant ,web/]1 & z if
 ! :ole matt] 7 a "q ( bl9d p>tisan%ip &
 prejudice4 ,! assign+ ( su* motives z  
^!1 ev5 by implication1 to su* m51 among
 _m o!rs1 z ,mr4 ,m>% & ,mr4 ,bryant1   
bo? ( :om h express$ !mselves 9 favor ( 
! new ,diction>y1 is an insult to       
,am]ican lett]s4 ,mr4 ,m>%1 by ! ext5t (
 8 le>n+1 is probably bett] qualifi$ ?an
 any o!r man 9 ,am]ica to pron\nce      
judgm5t 9 su* a case2 & ,mr4 ,bryant has
 n left x d\btful t he kn[s :at pure &  
vigor\s ,engli% is1 :e!r 9 v]se or      
prose1 or t he c\ld n employ x except to
 ma9ta9 a well-gr\nd$ conviction4  ,ap>t
 f m g5]al consid]ations1 !re are sev]al
 reasons :i* w\ld induce u to pref] ,dr4
 ,worce/]'s ,diction>y4 ,x has ! great  
advantage1 n only t x is con/ruct$ on   
s\nd] pr9ciples1 z x seems to u1 b t x  
is ! late/4 ,/]eotyp+ is an un=tunate   
inv5tion1 :5 x t5ds to p]petuate error  
or incomplet5ess1 & already ! ,app5dix (
 add$ words 9 ,web/] am\nts to eighty   
pages4 ,= all ! words x conta9s1        

accord+ly1 ! read] is put to d\ble pa9s3
 he mu/ fir/ se>* ! ma9 body ( ! "w1 &  
!n ! supplem5t4 ,aga91 9 ,worce/]1 !    
synonymes are giv51 ea* "u its prop]    
head1 9 ! ma9 "w2 9 ,web/] !y =m a      
sep>ate treatise4 ,"o o!r advantage (   
,worce/] w\ld be conclusive ) u1 ev5 7  
o!r ?+s equal1--& t is ! size ( ! type1 
& ! great] cle>ness ( ! page1 ow+ to !  
fre%ness ( ! /]eotype-plates4  ,we "k ! 
inadequacy ( su* h&-to-m\? criticism z t
 ( a mon?ly review] mu/ be ^u works     
dem&+ s m9ute an exam9ation z a         
diction>y des]ves4 ,= ourselves1 we %\ld
 wi% to own bo? ,web/] & ,worce/]1 b1 if
 we c\ld possess only "o1 we %\ld *oose 
! latt]4 ,x is a monum5t to ! indu/ry1  
judgm5t1 & accuracy ( ! au?or1 ( :i* he 
may well be pr\d4   ,elem5ts (          
,me*anics1 = ! ,use ( ,colleges1        
,academies1 & ,high ,s*ools4 ,by        
,,william ,g4 ,,peck1 ,pr(essor (       
,ma!matics1 ,columbia ,college4 ,new    
,york3 ,a4,s4 ,b>nes  ,burr4 #ahei4     
,text-books on ,me*anics are ( ?ree     

sorts4 ,_m tea*]s1 s*ool-committees1 &  
p>5ts wi% to add a ta/e ( ,me*anics to !
 smatt]+s ( tw5ty or ?irty diff]5t      
subjects :i* con/itute lib]al education1
 z und]/ood 9 ,am]ican high s*ools &    
colleges4 ,= ?is purpose x is ( ! fir/  
importance t ! text-book %\ld be brief1 
= ! "t to be devot$ to x is v %ort2     
secondly1 x mu/ dive/ ! subject ( e     
p]plexity & difficulty1 t x may be      
readily und]/ood by all "y p]sons1 ?\gh 
( small capacity & less application4    
,su* a text-book c conta9 no?+ beyond ! 
/atem5t1 )\t pro(1 ( ! m important      
pr9ciples1 illu/rat$ by famili>         
examples1 & simple explanations ( !     
commone/ ph5om5a ( motion1 & ( ! ma*9es 
& me*anical =ces us$ 9 ! arts4 ,to a few
 x seems t m light comes into a room    
?r\gh two or ?ree broad w9d[s1 ?\gh !y  
be all on "o side1 ?an ?r\gh fifty      
bull's-eyes1 scatt]$ on e wall4 ,b ! _m 
pref] bull's-eyes1--fifty n>r[1 di/ort$ 
glimpses 9 z _m directions1 r ?an a     
broad1 cle> view ( ! heav5s & ! e>? 9 "o

 direction4 ,h5ce sup]ficial1 scanty    
text-books on sci5ce are ! only ones :i*
 are popul> & salable4  ,! ?or\gh /udy (
 ,me*anics is1 or %\ld be1 an ess5tial  
"p ( ! tra9+ ( an ar*itect1 an eng9e]1  
or a ma*9i/2 & !re are sev]al           
text-books1 l ,weisba*'s ,me*anics &    
,eng9e]+1 int5d$ = /ud5ts prep>+ = any (
 ^! pr(essions1 :i* are complete        
ma!matical treatises ^u ! subject4 ,su* 
text-books are invaluable2 !y become    
/&>d works1 & w9 = _! au?ors a          
well-des]v$ reputation4  ,pr(essor      
,peck's book belongs to nei!r ( ! two   
classes ( text-books indicat$1 b to a   
class int]m$iate betwe5 ! two4 ,x is at 
once too good1 too difficult a book =   
g5]al1 popul> use1 & too incomplete = ! 
purposes ( ! pr(essional /ud5t4 ,z x    
assumes t ! /ud5t is already acqua9t$ ) 
! elem5ts ( ,algebra1 ,trigonometry1    
,analytic ,geometry1 & ! ,calculus1 !   
successful use ( ?is text-book 9 ! g5]al
 classes ( any academy or college w be  
good evid5ce t ! ,ma!matics are !re     

taught m ?or\ghly ?an is usual 9 ?is    
c\ntry4 ,9 few ,am]ican colleges is !   
/udy ( ! ,calculus requir$ ( all /ud5ts4
 ,9 prep>+ a sci5tific text-book ( ?is  
sort1 orig9ality is nei!r aim$ at nor   
requir$4 ,a judici\s selection (        
mat]ials1 correct translation f !       
excell5t ,fr5* & ,g]man h&-books1 ) su* 
*anges 9 ! notation z w bett] adapt x = 
,am]ican use1 & a cle>1 logical         
arrangem5t are ! *ief m]its ( su* a     
treatise2 & ^! are m]its :i* seldom ga9 
mu* praise1 ?\gh _! abs5ce w\ld expose !
 au?or to c5sure4 ,! def9itions (       
,pr(essor ,peck's book are exact &      
concise1 e proposition is rigidly       
demon/rat$1 & ! illu/rations &          
descriptions are brief1 po9t$1 &        
intelligible4 ,pr(essor ,peck says 9 !  
,preface1 t ! book 0 prep>$ to supply a 
want felt by ! au?or :5 engag$ 9 tea*+  
,natural ,philosophy to college classes2
 b surely a tea*] :o prep>es a text-book
 = 8 own classes mu/ ne$ a d\ble %>e (  
pati5ce & zeal4 ,e error :i* ! book     

conta9s w be expos$1 & ! au?or w h ample
 opportunity to rep5t ( all !           
inaccuracies :i* may h crept into 8 "w4 
,aga91 ! in/ructor :o uses 8 own        
text-book enc\nt]s1 besides ! inevitable
 monotony ( tea*+ ! same subject ye>    
aft] ye>1 ! additional we>9ess ( f9d+ 9 
! pages ( 8 text-book no m9d b 8 own1   
:i* he has read s (t5 & ) s little      
satisfaction4 ,ev5 9 tea*+ ,me*anics1   
!re is no exception to ! g5]al rule1 t  
two heads are bett] ?an "o4         99  
99       99       99       99  ,/ories f
 ,fam\s ,ballads4 ,= ,*ildr54 ,by       
,,grace ,,gre5wood1 ,au?or ( ,hi/ory (  
my ,pets1 ,m]rie ,engl&1 etc41 etc4 ,)  
,illu/rations by ,,bill+s4 ,bo/on3      
,ticknor  ,fields4  ,all fam\s ballads  
are s close to ,nature 9 _! conceptions1
 emotions1 incid5ts1 & expressions1 t x 
seems h>dly possible to *ange _! =m )\t 
los+ _! s\l4 ,! pres5t little volume    
proves t !y may be turn$ into prose     
/ories = *ildr51 & yet pres]ve mu* ( !  
vitality ( _! s5tim5t & ! int]e/ ( _!   

n>rative4 ,grace ,gre5wood1 well kn[n = 
h] previ\s successes 9 writ+ works = !  
"y1 has contriv$ 9 ?is1 h] mo/ difficult
 task1 to comb9e simplicity ) en]gy &   
ri*ness ( diction1 & to pres5t ! ev5ts &
 *>act]s ( ! ,ballads 9 ! =m be/        
calculat$ to fill ! y\?ful imag9ation & 
k9dle ! y\?ful love ( action & adv5ture4
 ,among ! subjects are ,pati5t          
,griselda1 ,! ,k+ ( ,france's ,daught]1 
,*evy ,*ase1 ,! ,begg>'s ,daught] (     
,b$nall ,gre51 ,sir ,patrick ,sp5s1 &   
,auld ,rob9 ,gray4 ,mu* ( ! au?or's     
success 9 giv+ prose v]sions ( ^!1 )\t  
mak+ !m prosaic1 is due to ! int5se     
admiration %e evid5tly feels = !        
orig9als4 ,among ,am]ican *ildr5's      
books1 ?is volume des]ves a high place4 
99       99       99       99       99  
,m>y ,/aunton2 or ! ,pupils ( ,m>vel    
,hall4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ,portraits (1 my  
,m>ri$ ,fri5ds4 ,new ,york3 ,d4         
,appleton  ,co4  ,?is /ory has a        
practical aim1 ! exposure ( ! faults (  
fa%ionable bo>d+-s*ools4 ,a good plot1 &

 full ( expectation1 z ,hotspur said2 b 
! au?or _h n ! ability to execute !     
design4 ,! satire & d5unciation are bo? 
weak1 & are n reliev$ by ! introduction 
( a v silly & ?readb>e love-/ory4       
99       99       99       99       99  
,poems4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ,john ,halifax1  
,a ,life = a ,life1 etc4 ,bo/on3        
,ticknor  ,fields4  ,"s ( ! v]ses 9 ?is 
little volume are q pretty1 especially  
^? entitl$1 ,by ! ,alma ,riv]1 ,! ,night
 be=e ! ,m[+1 ,my ,*ri/ian ,"n1 & ,my   
,love ,annie4 ,miss ,mulo* is n able to 
take any high rank z a poetess1 & v     
s5sibly does n try4         99       99 
99       99       99  ,title-,hunt+4 ,by
 ,e4 ,l4 ,,llewellyn1 ,philadelphia3 ,j4
 ,b4 ,lipp9cott  ,co4  ,?is is a        
miracul\sly fooli% book4 ,titl$ villa9s1
 impossible p>v5us1 abductions1 &       
conv5ts ab\nd 9 its pages1 & all are z  
/upid z !y are improbable4     ,,rec5t  
,,am]ican ,,publications  ,,receiv$ ,,by
 ,,! ,,editors ,,( ,,! ,,atlantic       
,,mon?ly4   ,! ,haunt$ ,home/ead1 & o!r 

,n\vellettes4 ,) an ,autobiography ( !  
,au?or4  ,by ,mrs4 ,emma ,d4,e4,n4      
,s\?wor?1 ,au?or ( ,india1 ,lady ( !    
,isle1 etc41 etc4 ,philadelphia4        
,pet]son & ,bro!rs4 #abmo4 pp4 #bib4    
#a4be4  ,adela1 ! ,octoroon4 ,by ,h4 ,l4
 ,hosm]4 ,columbus4 ,follett1 ,fo/]1    
,co4 #abmo4 pp4 #djj4 #a4jj4  ,!        
,caxtons3 ,a ,family ,picture4 ,by ,sir 
,edw>d ,bulw] ,lytton1 ,h>t4 ,libr>y    
,edition4 ,9 ,two ,volumes4             
,philadelphia4 ,lipp9cott  ,co4 #afmo4  
pp4 #cih1 #chg4 #b4jj4  ,julian ,home3  
,a ,tale ( ,college ,life4 ,by ,fr$]ic  
,w4 ,f>r>1 ,m4,a41 ,fell[ ( ,tr9ity     
,college1 ,cambridge1 ,au?or ( ,eric2   
or1 ,little by ,little4 ,philadelphia4  
,lipp9cott  ,co4 #afmo4 pp4 #dbj4 #a4jj4
  ,bible ,hi/ory3 ,a ,text-,book =      
,sem9>ies1 ,s*ools1 & ,families4 ,by    
,s>ah ,e4 ,hanna1 7=m]ly ,miss ,fo/]17  
,pr9cipal ( ! ,female ,sem9>y1 ,wa%+ton1
 ,pa4 ,new ,york4 ,b>nes  ,burr4 #abmo4 
pp4 #bij4 #gf cts4  ,elem5ts (          
,me*anics3 ,= ! ,use ( ,colleges1       

,academies1 & ,high ,s*ools4 ,by        
,william ,g4 ,peck1 ,m4 ,a11 ,pr(essor (
 ,ma!matics1 ,columbia ,college4 ,new   
,york4 ,b>nes  ,burr4 #abmo4 pp4 #cch4  
#a4ej4  ,! ,human ,voice3 its ,"r       
,managem5t 9 ,speak+1 ,read+1 & ,debat+1
 includ+ ! ,pr9ciples ( ,true ,eloqu5ce2
 toge!r ) ! ,functions ( ! ,vocal       
,organs1--! ,motion ( ! ,lett]s ( !     
,alphabet1--! ,cultivation ( ! ,e>1--!  
,disord]s ( ! ,vocal & ,articulat+      
,organs1--,orig9 & ,con/ruction ( !     
,engli% ,language4--,prop] ,me?ods (    
,deliv]y1--,rem$ial ,effects ( ,read+ & 
,speak+1 etc4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,w4       
,cazalet1 ,a4 ,m41 ,cantab4 ,new ,york4 
,f[l]  ,wells4 #afmo4 pap]1 pp4 #df4 #aj
 cts4  ,am]ican ,normal ,s*ools3 _!     
,!ory1 _! ,work+s1 & _! ,results1 z     
embodi$ 9 ! ,proce$+s ( ! ,fir/ ,annual 
,conv5tion ( ! ,am]ican ,normal ,s*ool  
,association1 held at ,tr5ton1 ,new     
,j]sey1 ,augu/ #ai? & #bj?1 #ahei4 ,new 
,york4 ,b>nes  ,burr4 #hvo4 pp4 #aac4   
#a4be4  ,hi/ory ( ! ,e>ly ,*ur*1 f !    

,fir/ ,prea*+ ( ! ,gospel1 to ! ,c\ncil 
( ,nicea4 ,= ! ,use ( ,"y ,p]sons4 ,by !
 ,au?or ( ,amy ,h]b]t4 ,new ,york4      
,appleton  ,co4 #afmo4 pp4 x41 #chc4 #fj
 cts4  ,our ,bible ,*ronology1 ,hi/oric 
& ,prophetic1 ,critically ,exam9$ &     
,demon/rat$1 & ,h>moniz$ ) ! ,*ronology 
( ,pr(ane ,writ]s3 ,embrac+ an          
,exam9ation & ,refutation ( ! ,!ories ( 
,mod]n ,egyptologi/s4 ,accompani$ )     
,ext5sive ,*ronological & ,g5ealogical  
,tables1 f ! ,e>lie/ ,records to !      
,pres5t ,"t2 a ,map ( ! ,anci5ts2 a ,*>t
 ( ! ,c\rse ( ,empires2 & ,v>i\s        
,pictorial ,illu/rations4 ,on a ,plan   
entirely ,new4 ,design$ = ! ,use (      
,univ]sities1 ,colleges1 ,academies1    
,bible ,classes1 ,sabba? ,s*ools1       
,families1 etc4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,r4,c4      
,%imeall1 a ,memb] ( ! ,presbyt]y ( ,new
 ,york2 ,au?or ( an ,illum9at$          
,scripture ,*>t2 ,dr4 ,watts's          
,scripture ,hi/ory1 ,enl>g$2 a ,treatise
 on ,pray]2 etc4 ,new ,york4 ,b>nes     
,burr4 #dto4 pp4 #bcd4 #b4jj4  ,!       

,national ,fif? ,read]3 ,conta9+ a      
,treatise on ,elocution2 ,ex]cises 9    
,read+ & ,declamation2 ) ,biographical  
,sket*es & ,copi\s ,notes4 ,adapt$ to ! 
,use ( ,/ud5ts 9 ,engli% & ,am]ican     
,lit]ature4 ,by ,ri*>d ,g4 ,p>k]1       
,a4,m41 & ,j4 ,madison ,watson4 ,new    
,york4 ,b>nes  ,burr4 #abmo4 pp4 #fjj4  
#a4jj4  ,popul> ,music ( ! ,old5 ,"t3 ,a
 ,collection ( ,anci5t ,songs1 ,ballads1
 & ,dance ,tunes1 ,illu/rative ( !      
,national ,music ( ,engl&4 ,) ,%ort     
,introductions to ! ,diff]5t ,reigns1 & 
,notices ( ! ,airs f ,writ]s ( !        
,sixte5? & ,sev5te5? ,c5turies4 ,also a 
,%ort ,acc\nt ( ! ,m9/rels4 ,by ,w4     
,*appell1 ,f4,s4,a4 ,! :ole ( ! ,airs   
h>moniz$ by ,g4,a4 ,macf>r54 ,9 ,two    
,volumes4 ,london3 ,cram]1 ,beale1      
,*appell4 ,new ,york4 ,webb  ,all54     
#hvo4 pp4 xx41 #hbb4 7,pag$ z "o vol47  
#ae4ge4  ,! ,mat]ial ,condition ( ! ,p (
 ,massa*usetts4 ,by ,rev4 ,!odore ,p>k]4
 ,repr9t$ f ! ,*ri/ian ,exam9]4 ,bo/on4 
,publi%$ by ! ,frat]nity4 #afmo4 pap]1  

pp4 #eb4 #ae cts4  ,die ,teuts*5 und die
 ,am]ikan]4 ,von ,k4 ,he9z54 ,bo/on4    
,selb/v]lag des ,v]fass]s4 #afmo4 pap]1 
pp4 #fi4 #be cts4  ,lett]s f ,switz]l&4 
,by ,samuel ,ir5aeus ,prime1 ,au?or (   
,travels 9 ,europe & ! ,ea/1 etc41 etc4 
,new ,york4 ,%eldon  ,co4 #abmo4 pp4    
#bfd4 #a4jj4  ,disquisitions & ,notes on
 ! ,gospels4 ,mat!w4 ,by ,john ,h4      
,morison4 ,bo/on4 ,walk]1 ,wise1  ,co4  
#abmo4 pp4 #ehh4 #a4be4  ,*amb]'s       
,encyclopa$ia3 ,a ,diction>y ( ,univ]sal
 ,k = ! ,p4 ,"p ,,xii4 ,new ,york4      
,appleton  ,co4 #hvo4 pap]1 pp4 #fd4 #ae
 cts4  ,! ,monik9s4 ,by ,j4 ,f5imore    
,coop]4 ,illu/rat$ f ,draw+s by         
,f4,o4,c4 ,d>ley4 ,new ,york4 ,t[ns5d   
,co4 #abmo4 pp4 #ded4 #a4ej4  ,life     
,be=e ,him4 ,a ,novel ( ,am]ican ,life4 
,new ,york4 ,t[ns5d  ,co4 #abmo4 pp4    
#dja4 #a4jj4  ,aga9/ ,w9d & ,tide4 ,by  
,holme ,lee1 ,au?or ( ,ka?ie ,br&e1     
,sylvan ,holt's ,daught]1 etc4 ,new     
,york4 ,t[ns5d  ,co4 #abmo4 pp4 #ddj4   
#a4jj4  ,mrs4 ,ellis's ,h\sekeep+ ,made 

,easy4 ,a ,complete ,in/ructor 9 all    
,bran*es ( ,cook]y & ,dome/ic ,economy4 
,edit$ by ,mrs4 ,m[att4 ,new ,york4     
,t[ns5d  ,co4 #abmo4 pap]1 pp4 #abj4 #be
 cts4  ,life's ,ev5+2 or1 ,?\ghts = !   
,ag$4 ,by ! ,au?or ( ,life's ,morn+1    
etc1 ,bo/on4 ,tilton  ,co4 #afmo4 pp4   
#bfe4 #a4jj4  ,woo+ & ,w>r+ 9 !         
,wild]ness4 ,by ,*>les ,d4 ,kirk4 ,new  
,york4 ,d]by  ,jackson4 #ahmo4 pp4 #bhh4
 #a4jj4  ,! ,hi/ory ( ,h]odotus4 ,a ,new
 ,engli% ,v]sion1 edit$ ) ,copi\s ,notes
 & ,app5dices1 illu/rat+ ! ,hi/ory &    
,geography ( ,h]odotus1 f ! mo/ ,rec5t  
,s\rces ( ,in=mation2 & embody+ ! ,*ief 
,results1 ,hi/orical & ,e?nographical1  
:i* h be5 obta9$ 9 ! ,progress (        
,cunei=m & ,hi]oglyphical ,discov]y4 ,by
 ,george ,rawl9son1 ,m4,a41 late ,fell[ 
& ,tutor ( ,exet] ,college1 ,ox=d4      
,assi/$ by ,col4 ,sir ,h5ry ,rawl9son1  
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