,,the ,,elson ,,readers ,,book ,,five ,,william ,h4 ,,elson ,,and ,,christine ,m4 ,,keck ,,preface ,this book is based on the belief that an efficient reader for the fifth grade must score high when tested on five fundamental features3 quality of literature2 variety of literature2 organization of literature2 quantity of literature2 and definite helps sufficient to make the text a genuine tool for classroom use4 ,quality ,literature3 ,first among these features is the essential that the foundation of the book must be the acknowledged masterpieces of ,american and ,british authors4 ,american boys and girls may be depended upon to read current magazines and newspapers1 but if they are ever to have their taste and judgment of literary values enriched by familiarity with the classics of our literature1 the schools must provide the opportunity4 ,this ideal does not mean the exclusion of well established present-day writers1 but it does mean that the core of the school reader should be the rich literary heritage that has won recognition for its enduring value4 ,moreover1 these masterpieces must come to the pupil in complete units1 not in mere excerpts or garbled cross-sections2 for the pupil in his school life should gain some real literary possessions4 ,a study of the contents of ,the ,elson ,readers1 ,book ,five1 will show how consistently its authors have based the book on this sound test of quality4 ,the works of the acknowledged makers of our literature have been abundantly drawn upon to furnish a foundation of great stories and poems1 gripping in interest and well within the powers of child-appreciation in this grade4 ,variety of ,literature3 ,variety is fundamental to a well-rounded course of reading4 ,if the school reader is to provide for all the purposes that a collection of literature for this grade should serve1 it must contain material covering at least the following types3 7#a7 literature representing both ,british and ,american authors2 7#b7 some of the best modern poetry and prose as well as the literature of the past2 7#c7 important race stories--great epics--and world-stories of adventure2 7#d7 patriotic literature1 rich in ideals of home and country1 loyalty and service1 thrift1 cooperation1 and citizenship--ideals of which ,american children gained1 during the ,world ,war1 a new conception that the school reader should perpetuate2 7#e7 literature suited to festival occasions1 particularly those celebrated in the schools3 ,armistice ,day1 ,thanksgiving ,day1 ,christmas1 ,arbor ,day and ,bird ,day1 anniversaries of the birthdays of ,lincoln and ,washington1 as well as of ,longfellow and other great ,american authors2 7#f7 literature of the seasons1 ,nature1 and out-of-door life2 7#g7 literature of humor that will enliven the reading and cultivate the power to discriminate between wholesome humor--an essential part of life--and crude humor1 so prevalent in the pupil's outside reading2 7#h7 adventure stories both imaginative and real2 7#i7 literature suited to dramatization1 providing real project material4 ,this book offers a well-rounded course of reading covering all the types mentioned above4 ,especially by means of groups of stories and poems that portray love of home and its festivals1 love of our free country and its flag1 and unselfish service to others1 this book makes a stirring appeal to good citizenship4 ,moreover1 it will be noted that wholesome ethical ideals pervade the literature throughout4 ,organization of ,literature3 ,the literature of a school reader1 if it is to do effective work1 must be purposefully organized4 ,sound organization groups into related units the various selections that center about a common theme4 ,this arrangement enables the pupil to see the larger dominant ideas of the book as a whole1 instead of looking upon it as a confused scrapbook of miscellaneous selections4 ,such arrangement also fosters literary comparison by bringing together selections having a common theme or authorship4 ,this book has been so organized as to fulfill these purposes4 ,there are three main ,parts1 each distinguished by unity of theme or authorship4 ,part ,i1 leading from a wholesome appreciation of ,nature1 particularly in its ,american setting1 centers mainly about the important themes of patriotism1 service1 and good citizenship2 ,part ,,ii introduces some of the great tales that typify our love of stirring deeds2 ,part ,,iii presents some of our greatest ,american authors at sufficient length to make them stand out to the pupil4 ,through these grouped selections1 together with the accompanying biographies1 pupils may come to be familiar with and love some of the great company of writers that have made the name of ,america known in the world of literature4 ,attention is called to three special features that keep the dominant theme of each ,part clearly in the foreground3 7#a7 ,a ,forward ,look and ,a ,backward ,look for each main division and important subdivisions emphasize the larger theme1 and show how each selection contributes to the group-idea 7see pages #ai1 #ef1 etc472 7#b7 the ,notes and ,questions frequently call the pupil's attention to the relation the selection bears to the main thought 7see pages #ci1 #ge1 etc472 7#c7 the three main divisions1 and the subordinate groups within each main unit1 are made to stand out clearly by illustrations that typify the theme 7see pages #ah1 #ba1 etc47 and by topical headings that enable the pupil to visualize the group-units4 ,by these three means the organization of the book is emphasized1 and fundamental ideals are kept dominant4 ,quality of ,literature3 ,obviously1 a book that is to supply the pupil with a year's course in literature must be a generous volume4 ,variety is impossible without quantity1 especially where literary wholes rather than mere fragmentary excerpts are offered4 ,particularly is this true when complete units are included not only for intensive study1 but also for extensive reading--longer units1 of the so-called paper classics type1 to be read mainly for the story-element4 ,in bulk such units should be as large as the pupil can control readily in rapid silent reading1 a kind of reading that increases the power to enjoy with intelligence a magazine or a book4 ,the ,elson ,readers1 ,book ,five1 is a generous volume in provision for these needs4 ,its inclusiveness makes possible a proper balance between prose and poetry1 between long and short selections1 and between material for intensive and extensive reading4 ,definite ,helps3 ,if the pupil is to gain the full benefit from his reading1 certain definite helps must be provided4 ,an efficient reader must score a high test not only on the fundamentals of quality1 variety1 organization and quantity of literature1 but also on its fitness as a tool for classroom use4 ,the effectiveness of this ,reader as such a tool may be indicated by the following distinguishing features3 7#a7 ,a distinctive introduction1 ,the ,crystal ,glass 7see page #ac71 gives the pupil an illuminating interpretation of the organization and literary content of the volume4 7#b7 ,definite suggestions for developing speed and concentration in silent reading4 7,see pages #ba1 #cj1 #cd1 #afc1 etc47 7#c7 ,a comprehensive ,glossary 7pages #cii-dah7 contains the words and phrases that offer valuable vocabulary training1 either of pronunciation or meaning4 ,the teacher is free to use the ,glossary according to the needs of her particular class1 but suggestive type words and phrases are listed under ,notes and ,questions4 7#d7 ,a complete program of study1 ,how to ,gain the ,full ,benefit from ,your ,reading 7pages #bh1 #bi71 gives a concise explanation of the various helps found in the book4 7#e7 ,the helps to study are more than mere notes2 they aid in making significant the larger purposes of the literature4 ,these ,notes and ,questions include3 7a7 ,biographies of the authors1 that supply data for interpreting the stories and poems2 particularly helpful are those of ,part ,,iii2 7b7 ,historical settings1 wherever they are necessary to the intelligent understanding of the selection 7see pages #id1 #aje1 etc472 7c7 ,questions and suggestions that present clearly the main idea1 stimulate original discussion and comparison1 and bring out modern parallels to the situations found in the selections2 7d7 ,words of everyday use frequently mispronounced1 listed1 for study under ,discussion 7see page #bi1 etc472 7e7 ,phrases that offer idiomatic difficulty2 for convenience in locating these phrases the page and line numbers are indicated2 7f7 ,projects1 individual and social4 ,,contents ,,preface ,,suggestions ,,for ,,an ,,order ,,of ,,reading ,,the ,,crystal ,,glass ,,part ,i ,,nature--,,humor--,,home ,,and ,,country ,,the ,,world ,,of ,,nature ,a ,forward ,look ,,animals ,turk1 ,the ,faithful ,dog ,samuel ,white ,baker ,our ,uninvited ,guest ,ernest ,harold ,baynes ,hunting ,the ,american ,buffalo ,theodore ,roosevelt ,,birds ,,and ,,their ,,songs ,the ,birds ,and ,i ,liberty ,h4 ,bailey ,the ,brown ,thrush ,lucy ,larcom ,sing ,on1 ,blithe ,bird ,william ,motherwell ,,flowers ,the ,violet ,and ,the ,bee ,john ,b4 ,tabb ,four-,leaf ,clovers ,ella ,higginson ,jack ,in ,the ,pulpit ,clara ,smith ,,times ,,and ,,seasons ,september ,helen ,hunt ,jackson ,october's ,bright ,blue ,weather ,helen ,hunt ,jackson ,november ,alice ,cary ,today ,thomas ,carlyle ,the ,night ,has ,a ,thousand ,eyes ,francis ,bourdillon ,a ,backward ,look ,,stories ,,in ,,lighter ,,vein ,a ,forward ,look ,adventures of ,munchausen ,r4 ,e4 ,raspe ,the ,blind ,men and the ,elephant ,john ,g4 ,saxe ,darius ,green ,john ,t4 ,trowbridge ,birthday ,greetings ,lewis ,carroll ,the ,wind and ,the ,moon ,george ,macdonald ,a ,backward ,look ,,home ,,and ,,country ,a ,forward ,look ,,home ,,and ,,its ,,festivals ,home1 ,sweet ,home ,john ,howard ,payne ,the ,grapevine ,swing ,samuel ,minturn ,peck ,lullaby of an ,infant ,chief ,sir ,walter ,scott ,the ,first ,thanksgiving ,day ,margaret ,junkin ,preston ,a ,visit from ,st4 ,nicholas ,clement ,c4 ,moore ,,our ,,country ,,and ,,its ,,flag ,the ,land of ,liberty 7,author ,unknown7 ,the ,flag of ,our ,country ,charles ,sumner ,the ,name of ,old ,glory ,james ,whitcomb ,riley ,the ,star-,spangled ,banner ,francis ,scott ,key ,the ,boyhood of ,lincoln ,elbridge ,s4 ,brooks ,washington with ,braddock ,elbridge ,s4 ,brooks ,,service ,somebody's ,mother 7,author ,unknown7 ,the ,leak in the ,dike ,phoebe ,cary ,casablanca ,felicia ,hemans ,tubal ,cain ,charles ,mackay ,the ,inchcape ,rock ,robert ,southey ,my ,boyhood on the ,prairie ,hamlin ,garland ,woodman1 ,spare ,that ,tree ,george ,p4 ,morris ,the ,american ,boy ,theodore ,roosevelt ,a ,backward ,look ,,part ,,ii ,,stories ,,of ,,adventure ,a ,forward ,look ,,stories ,,from ,,the ,,arabian ,,nights ,aladdin1 or ,the ,wonderful ,lamp ,ali ,baba and the ,open ,sesame ,sindbad ,the ,sailor ,robin ,hood ,joseph ,walker ,mc,spadden ,gulliver's ,travels ,jonathan ,swift ,robinson ,crusoe ,daniel ,defoe ,a ,backward ,look ,,part ,,iii ,,great ,,american ,,authors ,a ,forward ,look ,,benjamin ,,franklin ,biography ,the ,whistle ,an ,ax to ,grind ,,william ,,gullen ,,bryant ,biography ,the ,yellow ,violet ,the ,gladness of ,nature ,,john ,,greenleaf ,,whittier ,biography ,the ,huskers ,the ,corn-,song ,,washington ,,irving ,biography ,capturing the ,wild ,horse ,the ,adventure of the ,mason ,,henry ,,wadsworth ,,longfellow ,biography ,the ,arrow and the ,song ,the ,children's ,hour ,the ,song of ,hiawatha ,,nathaniel ,,hawthorne ,biography ,the ,paradise of ,children ,the ,golden ,touch ,a ,backward ,look ,,suggestions ,,for ,,an ,,order ,,of ,,reading ,in ,the ,elson ,readers selections are grouped according to theme or authorship4 ,such an arrangement enables the pupil to see the dominant ideas of the book as a whole4 ,this purpose is further aided by ,a ,forward ,look1 or introduction1 and ,a ,backward ,look1 or review1 for each main group4 ,the book1 therefore1 emphasizes certain fundamental ideals1 making them stand out clearly in the mind of the pupil4 ,this result can best be accomplished by reading all the selections of a group in the order given1 before taking up those of a different group4 ,the order of the groups1 however1 may be varied to suit school conditions or preferences4 ,it goes without saying that selections particularly suited to the celebration of special days will be read in connection with such festival occasions4 ,for example1 ,the ,first ,thanksgiving ,day1 page #ib1 will be read immediately before the ,thanksgiving holiday1 even if the class at that particular time is in the midst of some other main part of the ,reader4 ,before assigning a selection out of order1 however1 the teacher should scrutinize the notes and questions1 to make certain that no references are made within these notes to a discussion in ,a ,forward ,look or to other selections in the group that pupils have not yet read4 ,in case such references are found the teacher may well conduct a brief class discussion to make these questions significant to the pupils4 ,it is the belief of the authors that the longer selections1 such as those found in ,part ,,ii1 should be read silently and reported on in class4 ,in this way the monotony incident to the reading of such selections aloud in class will be avoided4 ,however1 the class will wish to read aloud certain passages from these longer units because of their beauty1 their dramatic quality1 or the forceful way in which the author has expressed his thoughts4 ,class readings are frequently suggested for this purpose4 ,in this way reading aloud is given purposefulness4 ,,the ,,crystal ,,glass ,once upon a time1 as the fairy tale has it1 there was a mighty magician named ,merlin4 ,he was the teacher of the young ,prince ,arthur1 who was one day to become the ,british ,king4 ,merlin was old and wise1 and he had the power of prophecy4 ,one of his most wonderful possessions was a magic glass1 a globe of crystal1 into which one might gaze and see distant places as if they were near at hand1 and see the events of past and future as if they were happening right before his eyes4 ,no one knows now the whereabouts of this wonder-working crystal1 or what was its appearance4 ,very likely it seemed ordinary enough1 though a glass of curious shape4 ,only those who knew how to use it could learn its secrets2 for all others it had no power4 ,but the magic that once lay in it has been given to certain books1 which1 like ,merlin's globe1 are filled with mysterious power4 ,such a book you now hold in your hands4 ,if you do not understand how to use it1 it will tell you nothing4 ,but if you have this understanding1 you have only to look within these pages1 and past and present and future will be unfolded to your gaze4 ,here is what you will find if you use this book as a ,merlin's glass wherein to see the wonders which lie concealed within it4 ,first of all1 you will see the world of animals and birds and flowers and times and seasons--the world of ,nature4 ,there is a story about a little girl who wanted to see the ,king to ask of him a favor4 ,but no one could see him unless he was accompanied by some friends1 for the ,king would not trust anyone unless he had proved himself friendly so that people loved to be with him4 ,now this little girl was very poor1 and she had no friends4 ,she wandered alone in the forest1 and cried because she had no friends4 ,just at this time she came into the knowledge of a wonderful secret by which she could understand the language of the birds and of all the shy animals of the forest1 and as soon as she could understand them and talk with them1 they loved her1 and the forest was no longer a lonely place but was filled with friends4 ,some of these friends went with her to the ,king's palace1 and she now had no difficulty4 ,she knew the language of those who lived in the forest1 and she was no longer poor and lonely4 ,so in the pages of this book you will learn of the lives of faithful dogs and huge buffaloes1 and the brown thrush will sing for you a song full of meaning4 ,the modest violet1 the jack-in-the-pulpit1 even the four-leaf clovers will tell you stories about the forest and the field1 so that wherever you walk you will be surrounded by your friends4 ,the magic glass of ,merlin will unseal for you this world of ,nature4 ,merlin's globe also enables you to look into the past and live in it as if it were the present4 ,you will take part in the first ,thanksgiving ,day4 ,you will learn why the flag of our country is called ,old ,glory4 ,you will look in upon the boy ,lincoln1 tired after his hard day's work on the farm1 reading by the open fire in his father's cabin4 ,you will see the young ,washington bravely helping ,general ,braddock to save his soldiers4 ,so the magic glass of reading will make the early history of our country real to you1 and the past will no longer be the past but a part of your present life4 ,if you wish to live for a time in the fairy realm1 where there are buried treasure chests or magic lamps and rings1 or if you would like to make a journey to far-off lands where are many wonders1 you have only to look in this magic glass1 and in a twinkling you are whisked away4 ,you find yourself in a strange country where men and women wear curious1 flowing garments of many colors1 where trees and animals are unfamiliar1 and where queer buildings with many towers attract your delighted eyes4 ,the narrow streets are filled with strange life4 ,you see a boy with eyes that seem to be looking on strange things4 ,he is talking with an evil-looking man who bends over him1 pointing down the street and out into the open country at the other end of the town4 ,and presently the boy goes with the stranger1 and you follow1 for it is ,aladdin and the magician1 and you wish to know the adventure that is to come4 ,after this1 ,ali ,baba and the cave of buried treasure and the forty thieves and ,morgiana1 the shrewd slave-girl1 and the jars of oil will all appear in the magic glass1 and another series of marvelous adventures will be disclosed to you4 ,and then again1 you come to a rich man's home1 and before it1 gazing enviously at it1 is a poor tramp4 ,go up the steps with him and look upon the feast within the house4 ,there is a queer table filled with food of strange form4 ,and there is the rich man1 ,sindbad the ,sailor1 and you may listen if you will to his stories of travel to marvelous lands4 ,thus you travel to the mysterious ,east1 without effort4 ,you take part in wonderful adventures1 without danger4 ,your magic glass is the window through which a world of fairy magic gleams vividly4 ,at another time you look1 and the glass shows an ,english scene4 ,it is the greenwood1 somewhat out from ,london4 ,never were trees so green1 or flowers so fresh and gay1 or birds so filled with joy4 ,you listen1 and a gay fellow sings1 ,under the greenwood tree ,who loves to lie with me1 ,and tune his merry note ,unto the sweet bird's throat1 ,come hither6 come hither6 come hither6 ,here shall he see ,no enemy ,but winter and rough weather4 ,presently you hear the sound of a horn deep in the forest1 to be followed soon by the coming of a merry crowd4 ,here is the prince of outlaws1 clad in ,lincoln green and followed by a score of lusty fellows1 and at once there are songs1 wrestling matches1 and merry jests1 till your heart is filled with joy4 ,little ,john1 and the ,sheriff of ,nottingham1 and ,friar ,tuck1 and ,robin ,hood1 and last of all1 the ,king himself--these are the actors in the play that you see through your magic glass4 ,and so it goes through all these stories of adventure--they become a part of your experience1 and you live more lives than one4 ,last of all1 your magic glass1 which is this book1 and which is always ready to do you service when you call upon it1 will introduce you to a group of great ,americans who long ago learned these secrets and wrote down what they themselves had seen4 ,a patriot who helped to make our ,america will tell you several stories of his childhood4 ,a ,nature-loving poet will tell you about flowers and birds4 ,another poet will furnish stories about merry times on the farm4 ,a third will tell you legends of the ,indians4 ,once more the world of ,nature1 the world of adventure1 and the world of history and legend will open before you1 but this time you will learn something also of the men who have lived in our ,america and have written about it in such way as to show us that1 after all1 we need no marvelous ,eastern country or desert islands--there is adventure enough and to spare all about us1 if we have eyes to see4 ,and here is the greatest charm of all4 ,it is good to know about this magic glass of reading1 so that we shall never want for the joy it can bring4 ,but while we use it1 we shall find our sight made pure and strong1 so that when we no longer have the crystal globe1 we can walk in field and wood1 and along our streets1 and see1 wondering1 the beauty of the world in which we live4 ,,part ,i ,,nature--,,humor--,,home ,,and ,,country ,better--a thousand times better--than all the material wealth the world can give is the love for the best books4 ,,the ,,world ,,of ,,nature ,a ,,forward ,,look ,if we have eyes to see1 the world of ,nature is a fairyland4 ,further on in this book you will read how ,aladdin--a boy who was led by a magician to a cave in which were all kinds of wonderful objects--came upon a garden underground wherein grew trees filled with extraordinary fruit4 ,each tree bore fruit of a different color1 we are told3 ,the white were pearls2 the sparkling were diamonds2 the deep red were rubies2 the green1 emeralds2 the blue1 turquoises4 ,now with this compare a story about a great ,american author1 ,ralph ,waldo ,emerson4 ,emerson loved all the forms of ,nature4 ,he wrote of the bee1 of the wild flowers1 of the storm1 of the snowbird1 and of running waters4 ,and in talking of the magic of a river he reminds us of ,aladdin's fairy fruits3 ,i see thy brimming1 eddying stream ,and thy enchantment1 ,for thou changest every rock in thy bed ,into a gem4 ,all is opal and agate1 ,and at will thou pavest with diamonds4 ,now we may suppose that ,aladdin often waded through the brook and noticed the shining pebbles and heard the tinkling music of the water as it rippled over stones in the stream4 ,he noticed the pebbles1 but did not look at them4 ,he heard the murmur of the waters1 but he did not listen4 ,but when the magician uttered his magic words1 and the earth opened1 and ,aladdin saw a little ladder leading down into a deep cave1 and in that cave found curious trees bearing curious fruits1 he was so surprised that he looked more closely1 and all that he saw was full of wonder4 ,now the poet is like the magician4 ,his words open the door of enchantment for us if we care to enter4 ,for the poets have been lovers of ,nature1 and they help us to see the beauty that lies about us4 ,one of them calls the stars the forget-me-nots of the angels4 ,another writes of the song of the brook as it goes dancing and singing down into the river1 until we hear the music of the waters in the melody of the poet's verse4 ,through such stories and poems of animals and birds and flowers and of the seasons of the year as you will find in the following pages1 your magic glass of reading will open up the fairyland of ,nature4 ,for magic wonders are not limited to the fairylands that we read about in the ,arabian ,nights or in the tales of ,cinderella or of the ,sleeping ,beauty4 ,there is the enchantment which put the princess and all her household to sleep for a hundred years until the prince came to release them4 ,there is also the enchantment of the frost1 that stills all the life of brook and lake and river1 and holds the outdoor world in deep sleep until the breath of spring comes and releases the prisoners4 ,there is the enchantment which ,aladdin controlled by his lamp and his ring1 so that at his bidding giant figures appeared to do his will2 there is also the enchantment of the snow1 of the fire1 of the lightning1 of the storm2 or there is the equally marvelous enchantment by which the rose unfolds from the bud1 the apple grows from the blossom1 and the robin from the tiny blue egg4 ,only we must see and listen when the magicians lead us to the fairy world of ,nature4 ,aladdin had passed the entrance to the magic cave a hundred times and had seen nothing4 ,so men pass the fields and see nothing but the corn and the wheat and the cotton1 and in the autumn they see the harvesters gathering the crops of the fields4 ,but the poet looks on these same fields and gathers another crop from them1 and this he puts into a song1 and this song opens for us the world of ,nature4 ,,animals ,,turk1 ,,the ,,faithful ,samuel ,white ,baker ,,turk',s ,,failure ,when ,i was a boy1 my grandfather frequently told a story concerning a dog which he knew1 as an example of true fidelity4 ,this animal was a mastiff that belonged to a friend1 ,mr4 ,prideaux1 to whom it was a constant companion4 ,whenever ,mr4 ,prideaux went out for a walk1 ,turk was sure to be near his heels4 ,street dogs would bark and snarl at the giant as his massive form attracted their attention1 but ,turk seldom noticed them4 ,at night he slept outside his master's door1 and no sentry could be more alert upon his watch than the faithful dog4 ,one day ,mr4 ,prideaux had a dinner party4 ,the dog ,turk was present1 and stretched his huge form upon the hearthrug4 ,it was a cold night in winter1 and ,mr4 ,prideaux's friends after dinner began to discuss the subject of dogs4 ,almost every person had an anecdote to relate1 and my own grandfather1 being present1 had no doubt added his mite to the collection1 when ,turk suddenly awoke from a sound sleep1 and having stretched himself1 walked up to his master's side and rested his large head upon the table4 ,ha1 ha1 ,turk6 exclaimed ,mr4 ,prideaux1 you must have heard our arguments about the dogs1 so you have put in an appearance4 ,and a magnificent animal he is6 remarked my grandfather2 but although a mastiff is the largest of dogs1 ,i do not think it is as sensible as many others4 ,as a rule you are right1 replied his master1 because they are generally chained up as watch-dogs1 and have not the intimate association with human beings which is so great an advantage to house-dogs2 but ,turk has been my constant companion from the first month of his life1 and his intelligence is very remarkable4 ,he understands most things that ,i say1 if they are connected with himself2 he will often lie upon the rug with his large eyes fixed upon me1 and he will frequently become aware that ,i wish to go out2 at such times he will fetch my hat1 cane1 or gloves1 whichever may be at hand1 and wait for me at the front door4 ,he will take a letter to several houses of my acquaintance1 and wait for a reply2 and he can perform a variety of actions that would imply a share of reason seldom possessed by other dogs4 ,a smile upon several faces was at once noticed by ,mr4 ,prideaux1 who immediately took a guinea from his pocket1 and said to his dog1 ,here1 ,turk6 ,they won't believe in you6 ,take this guinea to ,no4--,street1 to ,mr4--1 and bring me a receipt4 ,the dog wagged his huge tail with pleasure1 and the guinea having been placed in his mouth1 he hastened toward the door2 this being opened1 he was admitted through the front entrance to the street4 ,it was a miserable night4 ,the wind was blowing the sleet and rain against the windows1 and the gutters were running with muddy water2 nevertheless1 ,turk had started upon his mission in the howling gale1 while the front door was once more closed against the blast4 ,the party were comfortably seated around the fire1 much interested in the success or failure of the dog's adventure4 ,how long will it be before we may expect ,turk's return8 inquired a guest4 ,the house to which ,i have sent him is about a mile and a half distant2 therefore1 if there is no delay when he barks for admission at the door1 and my friend is not absent from home1 he should return in about three-quarters of an hour with a receipt4 ,if1 on the other hand1 he cannot gain admission1 he may wait for any length of time1 replied his master4 ,some among the company supported the dog's chances of success1 while others were against him4 ,the evening wore away2 the allotted time was exceeded1 and a whole hour had passed1 but no dog had returned4 ,nevertheless1 his master was still hopeful4 ,i must tell you1 said ,mr4 ,prideaux1 that ,turk frequently carries notes for me1 and as he knows the house well1 he certainly will not make a mistake2 perhaps my friend may be dining out1 in which case1 ,turk will probably wait for a longer time4 ,two hours passed2 the storm was raging4 ,mr4 ,prideaux himself went to the front door1 which flew open before a fierce gust the instant that the lock was turned4 ,the gutters were clogged with masses of half-melted snow4 ,poor ,turk6 muttered his master1 this is indeed a wretched night for you4 ,perhaps they have kept you in the warm kitchen1 and will not allow you to return in such fearful weather4 ,when ,mr4 ,prideaux returned to his guests1 he could not conceal his disappointment4 ,ha6 exclaimed one1 with a guinea in his mouth1 he has probably gone into some house of entertainment where dogs are supplied with dinner and a warm bed1 instead of shivering in a winter's gale6 ,jokes were made at the absent dog's expense1 but his master was anxious and annoyed4 ,poor ,turk's reputation had suffered severely4 ,it was long past midnight2 the guests had departed1 the storm was raging1 and violent gusts occasionally shook the house4 ,mr4 ,prideaux was alone in his study1 and he poked the fire until it blazed and roared up the chimney4 ,what can have become of that dog8 exclaimed his master to himself1 now really anxious2 ,i hope they kept him2 most likely they would not send him back upon such a dreadful night4 ,mr4 ,prideaux's study was close to the front door1 and his attention was suddenly directed to a violent shaking and scratching4 ,in an instant he ran into the hall and unlocked the entrance door4 ,a mass of filth and mud entered4 ,this was ,turk6 ,the dog was shivering with wet and cold4 ,his usually clean coat was thick with mire1 as though he had been dragged through deep mud4 ,he wagged his tail when he heard his master's voice1 but appeared dejected and ill4 ,the dog was taken downstairs1 and immediately placed in a large tub of hot water1 in which he was accustomed to be bathed4 ,it was now discovered that in addition to mud and dirt1 which almost concealed his coat1 he was besmeared with blood6 ,mr4 ,prideaux sponged his favorite with warm water1 and1 to his surprise1 he saw wounds of a serious nature2 the dog's throat was badly torn1 his back and breast were deeply bitten1 and there could be no doubt that he had been worried by a pack of dogs4 ,he was now washed clean1 and was being rubbed dry with a thick towel while he stood upon a blanket before the fire4 ,why1 ,turk1 old boy1 what has been the matter8 ,tell us all about it1 poor old man6 exclaimed his master4 ,the dog was now thoroughly warmed and he panted with the heat of the kitchen fire2 he opened his mouth1 and the guinea which he had received in trust dropped on the kitchen floor6 ,there is some mystery in this1 said ,mr4 ,prideaux1 which ,i will try to discover tomorrow4 ,he has been set upon by strange dogs1 and rather than lose the guinea1 he has allowed himself to be half killed without once opening his mouth in self-defense6 ,poor ,turk6 continued his master1 you must have lost your way old man1 in the darkness and storm2 most likely confused after the unequal fight4 ,what an example you have given us in being faithful to a trust6 ,turk was wonderfully better after his warm bath4 ,he lapped up a large bowl of good thick soup mixed with bread1 and in half an hour was comfortably asleep upon his thick rug by his master's bedroom door4 ,,the ,,mystery ,,explained ,upon the following morning the storm had cleared away1 and a bright sky had succeeded to the gloom of the preceding night4 ,immediately after breakfast ,mr4 ,prideaux1 accompanied by his dog 7which was1 although rather stiff1 not much the worse for the rough treatment he had received71 started for a walk toward the house to which he had directed ,turk upon the previous evening4 ,he was anxious to discover whether his friend had been absent1 as he believed that the dog might have been waiting for admittance1 and had been perhaps attacked by some dogs in the neighborhood4 ,the master and ,turk had walked for nearly a mile1 and had just turned the corner of a street1 when1 as they passed a butcher's shop1 a large brindled mastiff rushed from the shop-door and flew at ,turk4 ,call your dog off6 shouted ,mr4 ,prideaux to the butcher1 who watched the attack with impudent satisfaction4 ,call him off1 or my dog will kill him6 continued ,mr4 ,prideaux4 ,the usually docile ,turk had rushed to meet his assailant with a fury that was extraordinary4 ,with a growl like that of a lion he quickly seized his foe by the throat1 and in a fierce struggle of only a few seconds he threw the brindled dog upon his back4 ,it was in vain that ,mr4 ,prideaux tried to call him off2 he never for an instant relaxed his hold1 but with the strength of a wild beast of prey ,turk shook the head of the butcher's dog to the right and left4 ,the butcher attempted to interfere and lashed him with a huge whip4 ,stand clear6 fair play6 ,don't you strike my dog6 shouted ,mr4 ,prideaux4 ,your dog was the first to attack6 ,mr4 ,prideaux seized ,turk by his collar1 while the butcher was endeavoring to release his dog from the deadly grip4 ,at length ,mr4 ,prideaux's voice and action appeared for a moment to create a calm1 and he held back his dog4 ,turk's flanks were heaving with the intense exertion and excitement of the fight1 and he strained to escape from his master's hold to attack once more his enemy4 ,at length1 by kind words and the caress of the well-known hand1 his fury was calmed down4 ,well1 that's the most curious adventure ,i've ever had with a dog6 exclaimed the butcher who was now completely crestfallen4 ,why1 that's the very dog6 ,that's the very dog that came by my shop late last night in the howling storm1 and my dog ,tiger went at him and tousled him up completely4 ,i never saw such a cowardly cur2 he wouldn't show any fight1 although he was pretty near as big as a donkey2 and there my dog ,tiger nearly ate half of him1 and dragged the other half about the gutter1 till he looked more like an old door-mat than dog2 and ,i thought he must have killed him2 and here he comes out as fresh as paint today4 ,what do you say8 asked ,mr4 ,prideaux4 ,was it your dog that worried my poor dog last night when he was upon a message of trust8 ,my friend1 let me inform you of the fact that my dog had a guinea in his mouth to carry to my friend1 and rather than drop it1 he allowed himself to be half killed by your savage ,tiger4 ,today he has proved his courage1 and your dog has discovered his mistake4 ,this is the guinea that he dropped from his mouth when he returned to me after midnight1 beaten and distressed6 said ,mr4 ,prideaux1 much excited4 ,here1 ,turk1 old boy1 take the guinea again1 and come along with me6 ,you have had your revenge1 and have given us all a lesson4 ,his master gave him the guinea in his mouth1 and they continued their walk4 ,it appeared1 upon ,mr4 ,prideaux's arrival at his friend's house1 that ,turk had never been there2 probably after his defeat he had become so confused that he lost his way in the heavy storm1 and had at length regained the road home some time after midnight1 in the condition already described4 ,how to ,gain the ,full ,benefit from ,your ,reading ,the reading of this story1 besides giving you pleasure1 has no doubt given you a new idea of the faithfulness often shown by dogs4 ,but if you are to get the full benefit from any story or poem in this ,reader1 you will need to pause long enough to notice certain things that will give you a better understanding of it4 ,the ,crystal ,glass1 ,a ,forward ,look1 and ,a ,backward ,look4 ,first1 you should read and discuss in class ,the ,crystal ,glass and study the ,table of ,contents1 to gain a general idea of the book as a whole4 ,next1 you should notice that each story and poem is a part of some special group that treats of some one big idea--such as ,nature1 ,home and ,country1 etc4 ,each selection will have a fuller meaning for you if you understand how it helps to bring out the big idea of this group4 ,before reading the stories in any group you should read and discuss in class the ,forward ,look 7see page #ai7 that precedes them4 ,and after you have read all the selections in a group1 you will enjoy a pleasant class period discussing the ,backward ,look--taking stock1 as it were1 of the joy and benefit gained from your reading4 ,in addition1 each selection is followed by ,notes and ,questions that contain some or all of the following features3 ,biography4 ,first1 it is always desirable to learn something about the author4 ,when you read1 for example1 that ,samuel ,white ,baker gave the best years of his life to a study of animals1 you feel that his story of the dog's faithfulness is well worth reading4 ,discussion4 ,next1 if you will read the story so carefully that you can answer the questions given under the topic ,discussion1 you will probably find it easier to understand certain incidents4 ,for example1 you hear much about the word service in the different wars in which ,american soldiers have served their country so nobly4 ,but perhaps when you think of the answer to the third question you will see more clearly than before that service and faithfulness are qualities that are shown not only on the battlefield but in humble walks of life--sometimes even by animals4 ,glossary4 ,one of the benefits that should result from reading is the learning of new words4 ,at the end of the ,discussion you will find a list of words1 the meaning of which you are to look up in the ,glossary1 and a second list that you should find out how to pronounce4 ,many of these words you may feel certain you know how to pronounce correctly4 ,but perhaps you have been mispronouncing some of them4 ,look up in the glossary the words listed under question #i1 and you may find that you have been mispronouncing calm1 hearth1 or extraordinary4 ,when you are looking up words in the pronunciation lists1 be sure that you understand the meaning1 also4 ,besides the individual words that you do not understand1 you will sometimes read a phrase1 or group of words1 used in some special sense4 ,the most striking are listed under the topic ,phrases for ,study4 ,look them up in the ,glossary1 for you will often find the hardest passage of the reading lesson made easy by the explanation of a single phrase4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,samuel ,white ,baker 7#ahba-ahic7 was an ,english engineer and author4 ,at the age of twenty-four he went to ,ceylon1 where he soon became known as an explorer and hunter of big game4 ,with his wife he later explored the region of the ,nile ,river4 ,he is the author of ,true ,tales for ,my ,grandsons1 from which ,turk1 the ,faithful ,dog is taken4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,how does this story prove the intelligence of ,turk8 #b4 ,how does it prove his fidelity8 #c4 ,here are two qualities that every man should desire to possess2 do you think many men1 set upon by robbers1 would act as bravely and as faithfully as ,turk8 ,give reasons for your answer4 #d4 ,what do you know of the author8 #e4 ,class readings3 ,the conversation between ,mr4 ,prideaux and the butcher1 7#b pupils74 #f4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using these topics3 7a7 ,turk's adventure2 7b7 how the mystery was explained4 #g4 ,you will enjoy reading ,cap1 the ,red ,cross ,dog 7in ,stories for ,children1 ,faulkner74 #h4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 alert2 mission2 dejected2 besmeared2 brindled2 docile2 relaxed2 crestfallen4 #i4 ,pronounce3 hearthrug2 anecdote2 guinea2 toward2 extraordinary2 calm4 ,phrases for ,study3 intimate association1 of a serious nature1 imply a share of reason1 received in trust1 supported the dog's chances1 succeeded to the gloom4 ,,our ,,uninvited ,,guest ,ernest ,harold ,baynes ,jimmy1 our young black bear1 was known to every child in the neighborhood4 ,if a children's vote had been taken for the most popular animal in the county1 ,i believe that ,jimmy would have been unanimously elected4 ,if the grown people had held the election1 however1 it is certain that there would have been some votes against him4 ,for example1 when ,mr4 ,w--1 one of our neighbors1 came home very late one night1 got into bed in the dark1 and unwittingly kicked a bear cub that had climbed in at a window earlier in the evening1 of course he had his toes nipped4 ,that man would never have voted for ,jimmy4 ,neither would the farmer's wife he met one evening coming from the barn with a pail of new milk4 ,the weather was warm1 ,jimmy was thirsty1 and he was particularly fond of new milk4 ,so he stood on his hind legs1 threw his arms around the pail1 and sucked up half the contents before the good woman had recovered from her astonishment4 ,but with the children he was a great favorite4 ,he was one of them1 and they understood him4 ,like them he was full of fun and mischief1 and he would play as long as anyone cared to play with him4 ,one ,christmas we gave a children's party1 and perhaps a score of girls and boys came to spend the evening4 ,as it was not possible to make ,jimmy understand about the party1 he went to bed early1 as usual1 and was asleep in his own den under the porch long before the first guests arrived4 ,he was not forgotten by his little friends1 however1 and ,where's ,jimmy8 was the first question asked by almost every child as he came in4 ,but there was so much to chatter about1 and there were so many games to play1 that absent comrades--even ,jimmy--were soon out of mind4 ,at last supper was ready1 and all the children trooped into the dining-room and took their places at the long table4 ,for a little while everyone was so busy that there was little to be heard except the clatter of forks and spoons and plates4 ,i stood at the end of the room1 enjoying the fun4 ,for the moment1 my eyes were on a small boy who seemed to be enjoying himself even more than the rest4 ,he was making more noise than anyone else1 and at the same time performing remarkable sleight-of-mouth tricks with a large piece of cake and a plate of ice cream4 ,suddenly1 ,i saw his face change4 ,his laugh was cut in two1 his smile faded1 the remains of the cake fell to his plate1 and a spoonful of ice cream1 on its way to his open mouth1 remained suspended in the air4 ,he was facing a window1 and as ,i followed his gaze1 ,i saw a hairy black face1 with a tawny muzzle and a pair of small shining black eyes1 looking eagerly into the room4 ,it was the bear cub1 whose slumbers had been disturbed by the noise1 and who had come to see what it was all about4 ,in an instant the room was in an uproar4 ,all the children left the table at once1 and crowded around the window yelling--,jimmy6 ,it's ,jimmy6 ,let him in6 ,don't you do it6 ,keep him out6 ,open the window6 ,give him some cake6 ,one little boy1 with a piece of cake in his hand1 raised the window just a little4 ,that was enough for ,jimmy2 he thrust his strong muzzle under the sash1 raised it with one jerk of his head1 and came tumbling into the room4 ,how those children yelled and scattered6 ,while they all thought it good fun to have the cub at the party1 none of them knew just what he would do1 and some2 especially among the younger ones1 were decidedly nervous4 ,a small girl hid behind the window curtains1 two little boys scurried upstairs and peeped through the banisters1 and another1 by means of a chair1 scrambled to the top of a sideboard4 ,but ,jimmy had his own ideas about a party4 ,his first interest was in the supper table4 ,standing up on his hind legs1 he placed his forepaws on the cloth4 ,just in front of him was a plate with some apple jelly on it4 ,one sweep of his long tongue and the plate was almost as clean as if it had been washed4 ,a dish of blancmange was the next to be gobbled up1 and then a boy rather bolder than the rest made an attempt to save the cake4 ,he seized the intruder by the skin of his neck1 but except for a loud1 grumbling protest1 the bear paid no attention to him4 ,he walked right along1 pulling the boy with him1 and one slice of cake after another disappeared down the black throat4 ,the little girl behind the curtains1 seeing that ,jimmy did not intend to hurt anyone1 came from her hiding place to try to help the boy who was holding him4 ,now this little girl had been eating strawberry jam1 and as little girls sometimes do1 had left some of it on her lips4 ,the moment she touched him1 ,jimmy turned1 and seeing and smelling the jam1 he caught the child in his short forearms1 and in spite of her screams1 licked her face all over before letting her go4 ,then he reached for the sugar basin1 lifted it from the table with his paws1 and sat down on his haunches to devour the contents4 ,by this time the children who had been nervous were quite at their ease again1 and gathered round to see him eat the sugar4 ,in a few moments he had satisfied his hunger1 and was ready to play4 ,first of all he acted as if he had lost his wits2 or as if he wanted to show off1 which is about the same thing4 ,he rolled over on his back1 turned somersaults1 and batted the chairs and the table legs with his paws4 ,the children got down on the floor to romp with him1 and together they had a merry time4 ,when they were all upon their feet again1 ,jimmy arose and stood perfectly straight on his hind legs4 ,then he picked out a girl about his own height and took a step toward her1 raising his paws as though inviting her to a boxing match4 ,the girl accepted the challenge1 and as she was strong1 she held her own very well for a time4 ,but as ,jimmy warmed up to his work1 he became very rough and swung his heavy paws as hard as he could4 ,at last he gave his playmate a stinging slap on the side of her face1 and she decided not to play any more4 ,and as ,i thought that ,jimmy had had about enough fun for one evening1 ,i opened the door1 and he galloped off to his den under the porch4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,ernest ,harold ,baynes 7#ahfh-aibe71 the naturalist-author1 lived in ,meriden1 ,new ,hampshire4 ,he was the author of the interesting book ,wild ,bird ,guests1 and of ,our ,animal ,allies 7in ,harper's ,magazine1 ,january1 #aiba74 ,during the ,world ,war ,i ,mr4 ,baynes was in ,france1 studying the part that birds and animals played in helping to win the war4 ,wherever he went he organized bird clubs1 in order to protect our wild birds4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,why was ,jimmy not popular with the farmer's wife8 #b4 ,why do you think the children liked the bear8 #c4 ,do you think they would have enjoyed the party more1 or less1 if there had been no uninvited guest8 #d4 ,class readings3 ,the description of the supper1 page #ca1 line #g1 to page #cb1 line #bf4 #e4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story of the uninvited guest1 using these topics3 7a7 the bear and how he was liked2 7b7 the bear's actions at the children's party2 7c7 the boxing match4 #f4 ,you will find interesting stories in ,bear ,stories ,retold from ,st4 ,nicholas1 ,carter1 and in ,the ,biography of a ,grizzly1 ,seton4 #g4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 unanimously2 unwittingly2 sleight-of-mouth2 tawny2 muzzle2 intruder4 ,pronounce3 blancmange2 haunches4 ,,hunting ,,the ,,american ,,buffalo ,,theodore ,,roosevelt ,in the fall of #ahhi ,i heard that a very few bison were still left around the head of ,wisdom ,river4 ,thither ,i went and hunted faithfully2 there was plenty of game of other kinds1 but of bison not a trace did we see4 ,nevertheless1 a few days later that same year ,i came across these great wild cattle at a time when ,i had no idea of seeing them4 ,it was1 as nearly as we could tell1 in ,idaho1 just south of the ,montana boundary line1 and some twenty-five miles west of the line of ,wyoming4 ,we were camped high among the mountains1 with a small pack train4 ,on the day in question we had gone out to find moose1 but had seen no sign of them1 and had then begun to climb over the higher peaks with an idea of getting sheep4 ,the old hunter who was with me was1 very fortunately1 suffering from rheumatism1 and he therefore carried a long staff instead of his rifle2 ,i say fortunately1 for if he had carried his rifle1 it would have been impossible to stop his firing at such game as bison1 nor would he have spared the cows and calves4 ,about the middle of the afternoon we crossed a low1 rocky ridge1 and saw at our feet a basin1 or round valley1 of singular beauty4 ,its walls were formed by steep mountains4 ,at its upper end lay a small lake1 bordered on one side by a meadow of emerald green4 ,the lake's other side marked the edge of the frowning pine forest which filled the rest of the valley4 ,beyond the lake the ground rose in a pass much frequented by game in bygone days1 their trails lying along it in thick zigzags1 each gradually fading out after a few hundred yards1 and then starting again in a little different place1 as game trails so often seem to do4 ,we bent our steps toward these trails1 and no sooner had we reached the first than the old hunter bent over it with a sharp exclamation of wonder4 ,there in the dust1 apparently but a few hours old1 were the hoof-marks of a small band of bison4 ,they were headed toward the lake4 ,there had been half a dozen animals in the party2 one a big bull1 and two calves4 ,we immediately turned and followed the trail4 ,it led down to the little lake1 where the beasts had spread and grazed on the tender1 green blades1 and had drunk their fill4 ,the footprints then came together again1 showing where the animals had gathered and walked off in single file to the forest4 ,evidently they had come to the pool in the early morning1 and after drinking and feeding had moved into the forest to find some spot for their noontide rest4 ,it was a very still day1 and there were nearly three hours of daylight left4 ,without a word my silent companion1 who had been scanning the whole country with hawk-eyed eagerness1 took the trail1 motioning me to follow4 ,in a moment we entered the woods1 breathing a sigh of relief as we did so2 for while in the meadow we could never tell that the buffalo might not see us1 if they happened to be lying in some place with a commanding lookout4 ,it was not very long before we struck the day-beds1 which were made on a knoll1 where the forest was open1 and where there was much down timber4 ,after leaving the day-beds the animals had at first fed separately around the grassy base and sides of the knoll1 and had then made off in their usual single file1 going straight to a small pool in the forest4 ,after drinking they had left this pool and traveled down toward the mouth of the basin1 the trail leading along the sides of the steep hill1 which were dotted by open glades4 ,here we moved with caution1 for the sign had grown very fresh1 and the animals had once more scattered and begun feeding4 ,when the trail led across the glades1 we usually skirted them so as to keep in the timber4 ,at last1 on nearing the edge of one of these glades1 we saw a movement among the young trees on the other side1 not fifty yards away4 ,peering through some thick evergreen bushes1 we speedily made out three bison1 a cow1 a calf1 and a yearling1 grazing greedily on the other side of the glade4 ,soon another cow and calf stepped out after them4 ,i did not wish to shoot1 waiting for the appearance of the big bull which ,i knew was accompanying them4 ,so for several minutes ,i watched the great1 clumsy1 shaggy beasts1 as they grazed in the open glade4 ,mixed with the eager excitement of the hunter was a certain half-melancholy feeling as ,i gazed on these bison1 themselves part of the last remnant of a nearly vanished race4 ,few1 indeed1 are the men who now have1 or evermore shall have1 the chance of seeing the mightiest of ,american beasts in all his wild vigor4 ,at last1 when ,i had begun to grow very anxious lest the others should take alarm1 the bull likewise appeared on the edge of the glade1 and stood with outstretched head1 scratching his throat against a young tree1 which shook violently4 ,i aimed low1 behind his shoulder1 and pulled the trigger4 ,at the crack of the rifle all the bison turned and raced off at headlong speed4 ,the fringe of young pines beyond and below the glade cracked and swayed as if a whirlwind were passing1 and in another moment the bison reached the top of a steep incline1 thickly strewn with boulders and dead reckless speed2 the timber4 ,down this they plunged with surefootedness was a marvel4 ,a column of dust obscured their passage1 and under its cover they disappeared in the forest2 but the trail of the bull was marked by splashes of frothy blood1 and we followed it at a trot4 ,fifty yards beyond the border of the forest we found the black body stretched motionless4 ,he was a splendid old bull1 still in his full vigor1 with large1 sharp horns1 and heavy mane and glossy coat2 and ,i felt the most exulting pride as ,i handled and examined him2 for ,i had procured a trophy such as can fall henceforth to few hunters indeed4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,theodore ,roosevelt 7#aheh-aiai71 twenty-sixth ,president of the ,united ,states1 was born in ,new ,york ,city4 ,as a boy he was frail of body1 but overcame this handicap by regular exercise and outdoor life4 ,he was always interested in animals and birds and particularly in hunting game in the western plains and mountains4 ,in #ahhd ,roosevelt bought two cattle ranches in ,north ,dakota1 where for two years he lived and entered actively into western life and spirit4 ,two of the books in which he has recorded his western experience3 ,the ,deer ,family and ,the ,wilderness ,hunter1 from the latter of which ,hunting the ,american ,buffalo is taken4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what makes this story exciting1 or thrilling8 #b4 ,how does the writer let you know his feelings8 #c4 ,what proof of ,roosevelt's good sportsmanship is found in the second paragraph on page #cd8 #d4 ,class reading3 ,from page #ce1 line #c1 to page #cf1 line #ac4 #e4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story briefly1 using these topics3 7a7 the discovery2 7b7 the pursuit2 7c7 the first view2 7d7 the end of the story4 #f4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 day-beds2 glade2 skirted2 yearling2 trophy4 #g4 ,pronounce3 bison2 boundary2 frequented2 knoll2 melancholy2 remnant2 incline2 strewn4 ,phrases for ,study pack train1 hawk-eyed eagerness1 frowning pine forest1 commanding lookout1 much frequented1 down timber1 thick zigzags1 obscured their passage4 ,,birds ,,and ,,their ,,songs ,,the ,,birds ,,and ,i ,liberty ,h4 ,bailey ,the springtime belongs to the birds and me4 ,we own it4 ,we know when the mayflowers and the buttercups bloom4 ,we know when the first frogs peep4 ,we watch the awakening of the woods4 ,we are wet by the warm ,april showers4 ,we go where we will1 and we are companions4 ,every tree and brook and blade of grass is ours2 and our hearts are full of song4 ,there are boys who kill the birds1 and girls who want to catch them and put them into cages1 and there are others who steal their eggs4 ,the birds are not partners with them2 they are only servants4 ,birds1 like people1 sing for their friends1 not for their masters4 ,i am sure that one cannot think much of the springtime and the flowers if his heart is always set upon killing or catching something4 ,we are happy when we are free1 and so are the birds4 ,the birds and ,i get acquainted all over again every spring4 ,they have seen strange lands in the winter1 and all the brooks and woods have been covered with snow4 ,so we run and romp together1 and find all the nooks and crannies which we had half-forgotten since ,october4 ,the birds remember the old places4 ,the wrens pull the sticks from the old hollow rail and seem to be wild with joy to see the place again4 ,they must be the same wrens that were here last year1 for strangers could not make so much fuss over an old rail4 ,the bluebirds and wrens look into every crack and corner for a place in which to build1 and the robins and chirping-sparrows explore every tree in the old orchard4 ,if the birds want to live with us1 we should encourage them4 ,the first thing to do is to leave them alone4 ,let them be as free from danger and fear as you and ,i4 ,take the hammer off the old gun1 give pussy so much to eat that she will not care to hunt for birds1 and keep away the boys who steal eggs and who carry sling-shots and throw stones4 ,plant trees and bushes about the borders of the place1 and let some of them1 at least1 grow into tangles2 then1 even in the back yard1 the wary catbird may make its home4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,liberty ,hyde ,bailey 7#aheh-aied7 has written many books on ,nature and outdoor life4 ,he was chairman of the ,commission on ,country ,life1 appointed by ,roosevelt4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,why does the author say that the springtime belongs to the birds and me8 #b4 ,when may we say the birds are our partners and when our servants8 #c4 ,what different ways of dealing with birds are spoken of8 ,which way does the writer prefer8 #d4 ,how may you encourage the birds to live near you8 #e4 ,what do you gain if you persuade them to do this8 ,find an answer to this question in the poems that follow4 #f4 ,what birds come to trees near your home8 #g4 ,how are birds helpful to men8 #h4 ,you will find interesting stories and pictures of birds in ,the ,burgess ,bird ,book for ,children1 ,burgess4 #i4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 acquainted2 explore2 wary4 #aj4 ,pronounce3 partners2 again4 ,,the ,,brown ,,thrush ,lucy ,,larcom ,there's a merry brown thrush sitting up in a tree-- ,he's singing to me6 he's singing to me6 ,and what does he say1 little girl1 little boy8 ,oh1 the world's running over with joy6 ,don't you hear8 ,don't you see8 ,hush6 ,look6 ,in my tree ,i'm as happy as happy can be6 ,and the brown thrush keeps singing--,a nest do you see1 ,and five eggs1 hid by me in the juniper-tree8 ,don't meddle6 don't touch6 little girl1 little boy1 ,or the world will lose some of its joy4 ,now ,i'm glad6 ,now ,i'm free6 ,and ,i always shall be1 ,if you never bring sorrow to me4 ,so the merry brown thrush sings away in the tree1 ,to you and to me1 to you and to me2 ,and he sings all the day1 little girl1 little boy-- ,oh1 the world's running over with joy2 ,but long it won't be1 ,don't you know1 don't you see1 ,unless we're as good as can be8 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,lucy ,larcom 7#ahbf-ahic7 was the daughter of a sea captain4 ,during twenty years of teaching school1 she wrote many charming poems for children4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,who is supposed to be speaking in the first two lines8 #b4 ,who asks the question in the third line8 #c4 ,who answers the question8 #d4 ,find the answer to the question in the first stanza4 #e4 ,why is the little bird so happy8 #f4 ,what will make him unhappy8 #g4 ,how can you help to make the world run over with joy8 #h4 ,you will enjoy hearing ,songs of ,our ,native ,birds and ,how ,birds ,sing1 ,victor records by ,kellogg4 ,,sing ,,on1 ,,blithe ,,bird ,,william ,,motherwell ,i've plucked the berry from the bush1 the brown nut from the tree1 ,but heart of happy little bird ne'er broken was by me4 ,i saw them in their curious nests1 close couching1 slyly peer ,with their wild eyes1 like glittering beads1 to note if harm were near2 ,i passed them by1 and blessed them all2 ,i felt that it was good ,to leave unmoved the creatures small whose home was in the wood4 ,and here1 even now1 above my head1 a lusty rogue doth sing2 ,he pecks his swelling breast and neck1 and trims his little wing4 ,he will not fly2 he knows full well1 while chirping on that spray1 ,i would not harm him for a world1 or interrupt his lay4 ,sing on1 sing on1 blithe bird6 and fill my heart with summer gladness2 ,it has been aching many a day with measures full of sadness6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,william ,motherwell 7#agig-ahce71 a ,scotch poet and journalist1 was born in ,glasgow1 where he lived and died4 ,in #ahcj he became editor of the ,glasgow ,courier4 ,he wrote a volume of local ballads1 and many of his poems were published in the magazines and newspapers4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,to what does the poet compare the eyes of birds8 #b4 ,find the lines that tell why the bird is not afraid of the poet4 #c4 ,how do you think the birds know their friends8 #d4 ,what happiness does the poet get because of his kindness to the birds8 #e4 ,read the lines that another poet who loved birds has written about his love for them3 ,he prayeth well who loveth well ,both man and bird and beast4 ,he prayeth best who loveth best ,all things both great and small2 ,for the dear ,god who loveth us1 ,he made and loveth all4 #f4 ,you will find helpful suggestions in the illustrated ,farmers' ,bulletins1 ,bird ,houses and ,how to ,build ,them1 and ,how to ,attract ,birds1 sent free by the ,department of ,agriculture1 ,washington1 ,,dc4 #g4 ,in the ,forward ,look1 on pages #ai and #bj1 you were told that the poets and wise story writers of ,nature help us to see the beauty that lies in the great outdoor world4 ,mention instances of help that you have received from the stories and poems you have read in this group4 #h4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 glittering2 trims2 spray2 blithe2 measures4 ,phrases for ,study3 close couching1 lusty rogue1 note if harm were near1 knows full well1 leave unmoved1 interrupt his lay4 ,,the ,,violet ,,and ,,the ,,bee ,john ,bannister ,tabb ,and pray1 who are you8 ,said the ,violet blue ,to the ,bee1 with surprise1 ,at his wonderful size1 ,in her eyeglass of dew4 ,i1 madam1 quoth he1 ,am a publican ,bee1 ,collecting the tax ,of honey and wax4 ,have you nothing for me8 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,reverend ,john ,b4 ,tabb 7#ahde-aiji71 a ,southern poet1 was born near ,richmond1 ,virginia4 ,all his life he was interested in birds1 flowers1 and outdoor life4 ,when the ,civil ,war began1 he joined the ,southern army1 although he was a mere lad of sixteen4 ,after the war he became a clergyman and a teacher4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what did the ,violet ask the ,bee8 #b4 ,what surprised the ,violet8 #c4 ,what is the ,violet's eyeglass of dew8 #d4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 quoth2 publican2 tax4 ,,four-,,leaf ,,clovers ,ella ,higginson ,i know a place where the sun is like gold1 ,and the cherry blooms burst with snow2 ,and down underneath is the loveliest nook1 ,where the four-leaf clovers grow4 ,one leaf is for hope1 and one is for faith1 ,and one is for love1 you know2 ,but ,god put another in for luck-- ,if you search1 you will find where they grow4 ,but you must have hope1 and you must have faith2 ,you must love and be strong2 and so1 ,if you work1 if you wait1 you will find the place ,where the four-leaf clovers grow4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,ella ,higginson 7#ahfb-aidj71 an ,american writer1 lived in ,bellingham1 on ,puget ,sound1 ,washington4 ,she won a prize of five hundred dollars1 offered by a magazine for the best short story4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,to whom is the four-leaf clover supposed to bring good luck8 #b4 ,which do you think will give greater happiness1 to learn something by hard work or to gain it by chance8 ,why do you think so8 #c4 ,what does the poem say we must have8 #d4 ,what does the poem say we must do8 #e4 ,if we have all these things and do all these things1 shall we need to hunt for the four-leaf clover to bring us good fortune8 ,why8 #f4 ,commit the poem to memory4 ,,jack ,,in ,,the ,,pulpit ,clara ,smith ,jack in the pulpit ,preaches today1 ,under the green trees ,just over the way4 ,squirrel and song-sparrow1 ,high on their perch1 ,hear the sweet lily-bells ,ringing to church4 ,come hear what his reverence ,rises to say ,in his low1 painted pulpit ,this calm ,sabbath day4 ,meek-faced anemones1 ,drooping and sad2 ,great yellow violets1 ,smiling out glad2 ,buttercups' faces1 ,beaming and bright2 ,clovers with bonnets1 ,some red and some white2 ,daisies1 their white fingers ,half-clasped in prayer2 ,dandelions1 proud of ,the gold of their hair2 ,innocents1 children ,guileless and frail1 ,meek little faces ,upturned and pale2 ,wildwood geraniums1 ,all in their best1 ,languidly leaning1 ,in purple gauze dressed-- ,all are assembled ,this sweet ,sabbath day ,to hear what the priest ,in his pulpit will say4 ,so much for the preacher2 ,the sermon comes next-- ,shall we tell how he preached it ,and where was his text8 ,alas6 like too many ,grown-up folks who play ,at worship in churches ,man-builded today1 ,we heard not the preacher ,expound or discuss2 ,but we looked at the people ,and they looked at us4 ,we saw all their dresses-- ,their colors and shapes1 ,the trim of their bonnets2 ,the cut of their capes2 ,we heard the wind-organ1 ,the bee1 and the bird1 ,but of ,jack in the pulpit ,we heard not a word6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,clara ,smith is not a well-known writer1 but her poem1 ,jack in the ,pulpit1 is full of beauty4 ,the rhythm is as pleasing as the picture is charming4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what time of year is described in this poem8 #b4 ,who make up the congregation when ,jack in the pulpit preaches8 #c4 ,how does the poet make the flowers seem like people8 #d4 ,how many of the flowers described in this poem are familiar to you8 #e4 ,which flower is most beautifully described8 ,find the lines that give the description4 #f4 ,why are we not told about the sermon8 #g4 ,what was the congregation doing during the sermon8 #h4 ,what did they see8 ,what did they hear8 #i4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 drooping2 beaming2 gauze2 assembled2 text2 worship2 expound4 #aj4 ,pronounce3 anemones2 guileless2 languidly4 ,phrases for ,study3 his reverence1 all in their best1 painted pulpit1 man-builded today4 ,,september ,helen ,hunt ,jackson ,the goldenrod is yellow2 ,the corn is turning brown2 ,the trees in apple orchards ,with fruit are bending down4 ,the gentian's bluest fringes ,are curling in the sun2 ,in dusky pods the milkweed ,its hidden silk has spun4 ,the sedges flaunt their harvest ,in every meadow-nook2 ,and asters by the brookside ,make asters in the brook4 ,from dewy lanes at morning ,the grapes' sweet odors rise2 ,at noon the roads all flutter ,with yellow butterflies4 ,by all these lovely tokens ,september days are here1 ,with summer's best of weather1 ,and autumn's best of cheer4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,helen ,hunt ,jackson 7#ahca-ahhe7 was an ,american poet and novelist4 ,she was born in ,amherst1 ,massachusetts1 where her father was a professor in ,amherst ,college1 but she spent much of her life in ,california4 ,she married a banker in ,colorado ,springs1 ,colorado1 where she lived for a few years4 ,her poems are very beautiful1 and ,september and ,october's ,bright ,blue ,weather are especially good pictures of these autumn months4 ,every child should know these poems by heart4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what is meant by the harvest of the sedges8 #b4 ,how are the asters in the brook made8 #c4 ,which lines in the last stanza tell us what ,september brings8 #d4 ,what things mentioned in this poem have you seen8 #e4 ,read again what is said on pages #ai and #bj about the poet as a magician2 what beauty of ,nature does the poet show you in the following lines8 ,and asters by the brookside ,make asters in the brook4 #f4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 sedges2 flaunt2 flutter4 #g4 ,pronounce3 gentian2 dusky4 ,phrases for ,study3 dusky pods1 lovely tokens1 hidden silk has spun1 best of cheer4 ,,october',s ,,bright ,,blue ,,weather ,helen ,hunt ,jackson ,o sun and skies and clouds of ,june ,and flowers of ,june together1 ,ye cannot rival for one hour ,october's bright blue weather2 ,when loud the bumblebee makes haste1 ,belated1 thriftless vagrant1 ,and goldenrod is dying fast1 ,and lanes with grapes are fragrant2 ,when gentians roll their fringes tight1 ,to save them for the morning1 ,and chestnuts fall from satin burs ,without a sound of warning2 ,when on the ground red apples lie ,in piles like jewels shining1 ,and redder still on old stone walls ,are leaves of woodbine twining2 ,when all the lovely wayside things ,their white-winged seeds are sowing1 ,and in the fields1 still green and fair1 ,late aftermaths are growing2 ,when springs run low1 and on the brooks ,in idle1 golden freighting1 ,bright leaves sink noiseless in the hush ,of woods1 for winter waiting2 ,when comrades seek sweet country haunt ,by twos and twos together1 ,and count like misers hour by hour ,october's bright blue weather4 ,o sun and skies and flowers of ,june1 ,count all your boasts together1 ,love loveth best of all the year ,october's bright blue weather4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,for ,biography see above4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what comparison is made in the first stanza between ,june and ,october8 #b4 ,why is the bumblebee described as loud8 #c4 ,compare the description of the goldenrod in this poem with the description of the goldenrod in ,september4 #d4 ,compare the description of the apples in this poem with the description of the apples in ,september4 #e4 ,find the line that tells why the gentians roll their fringes tight4 #f4 ,what is the color of the woodbine leaves8 #g4 ,what are the wayside things usually called8 #h4 ,what do good comrades like to do in ,october8 #i4 ,why are we sorry to have ,october go8 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 fragrant2 twining2 aftermath2 haunts4 #aa4 ,pronounce3 rival2 vagrant2 freighting4 ,phrases for ,study3 rival for one hour1 hush of woods1 belated1 thriftless vagrant1 count like misers1 satin burs1 count all your boasts1 idle1 golden freighting4 ,,november ,alice ,cary ,the leaves are fading and falling2 ,the winds are rough and wild2 ,the birds have ceased their calling-- ,but let me tell you1 my child1 ,though day by day1 as it closes1 ,doth darker and colder grow1 ,the roots of the bright red roses ,will keep alive in the snow4 ,and when the winter is over1 ,the boughs will get new leaves1 ,the quail come back to the clover1 ,and the swallow back to the eaves4 ,the robin will wear on his bosom ,a vest that is bright and new1 ,and the loveliest wayside blossom ,will shine with the sun and dew4 ,the leaves today are whirling2 ,the brooks are all dry and dumb-- ,but let me tell you1 my darling1 ,the spring will be sure to come4 ,there must be rough1 cold weather1 ,and winds and rains so wild2 ,not all good things together ,come to us here1 my child4 ,so1 when some dear joy loses ,its beauteous summer glow1 ,think how the roots of the roses ,are kept alive in the snow4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,alice ,cary 7#ahbj-ahga71 an ,american poet1 was born in ,cincinnati4 ,she and her sister1 ,phoebe1 wrote many beautiful poems and sketches4 ,they removed to ,new ,york ,city and lived together there4 ,november is one of ,alice ,cary's most widely known poems4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what signs of autumn are mentioned in the first stanza8 #b4 ,what signs of the coming winter are mentioned in the second stanza8 #c4 ,where have the birds gone8 #d4 ,what is meant by the word here in line #d1 above8 #e4 ,why are the brooks dry and dumb in ,november8 #f4 ,is this true in all parts of the country8 #g4 ,what are we told about the spring in ,october's ,bright ,blue ,weather8 #h4 ,what will happen when the winter is over8 #i4 ,where does the swallow build his nest8 #aj4 ,what wonder of ,nature1 about which you read in ,a ,forward ,look1 above1 does the second stanza tell you8 #aa4 ,how can the snow help keep the roots alive8 #ab4 ,in what stanza is this thought repeated8 #ac4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 fading2 quail2 eaves4 ,phrases for ,study3 ceased their calling1 wayside blossom1 vest that is bright1 beauteous summer glow4 ,,today ,thomas ,carlyle ,lo1 here hath been dawning ,another blue day2 ,think1 wilt thou let it ,slip useless away8 ,out of ,eternity ,this new day is born2 ,into ,eternity1 ,at night1 will return4 ,behold it aforetime ,no eye ever did2 ,so soon it forever ,from all eyes is hid4 ,here hath been dawning ,another blue day2 ,think1 wilt thou let it ,slip useless away8 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,thomas ,carlyle 7#agie-ahha7 was a great ,scotch writer of essays and history4 ,he lived in ,edinburgh1 and later in ,london4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,find the lines that explain why the day is called a new day4 #b4 ,find the lines which remind us that the day will pass quickly4 #c4 ,the poet tells us in the first stanza to think2 what does he want us to think about8 #d4 ,find the same lines in another stanza4 ,why did the poet repeat these words8 #e4 ,read the short story that follows1 and tell whether ,titus and the poet have the same1 idea of a useless day4 ,the ,roman ,emperor1 ,titus1 won the love of all his people by his kindness and generosity to those who were in trouble4 ,one night at supper1 remembering that he had not helped anyone that day1 he exclaimed1 ,my friends1 ,i have lost a day6 ,phrases for ,study3 behold it aforetime blue day4 ,,the ,,night ,,has ,a ,,thousand ,,eyes ,francis ,bourdillon ,the night has a thousand eyes1 ,and the day but one2 ,yet the light of the bright world dies ,with the dying sun4 ,the mind has a thousand eyes1 ,and the heart but one2 ,yet the light of a whole life dies ,when love is done4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,francis ,william ,bourdillon 7#aheb-aiba7 an ,english poet1 lived at ,buddington1 ,england4 ,he attended college at ,oxford4 ,few poets have written more beautiful lines than his ,the ,night ,has a ,thousand ,eyes4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what are the eyes of the night8 #b4 ,what is the eye of the day8 #c4 ,how many eyes does the poet say the mind has8 #d4 ,how many eyes does he say the heart has8 #e4 ,in which line are we told what the eye of the heart is8 #f4 ,in ,a ,forward ,look1 above1 you read that the poet is a magician whose words open for us the fairyland of ,nature2 what have the words of this poet done for you8 #g4 ,memorize the poem4 ,a ,,backward ,,look ,as you look backward over the animal stories you have read in this group1 which did you enjoy most8 ,which story would be the most interesting to tell to a younger brother or sister8 ,which do you like better1 stories in which animals are the actors1 or stories about the hunting of animals8 ,which one of the poems about birds has lines in it that sound like the bird's song8 ,which author makes you feel most keenly his love for birds8 ,which one tells you of pleasures that birds enjoy8 ,make a program for ,arbor and ,bird ,day from selections found or suggested in this group4 ,in the ,notes and ,questions you have found a number of suggestions for outside reading4 ,did you find in the school library or public library any of the books that are mentioned in the different biographies8 ,in your class1 who has read ,baker's ,true ,tales for ,my ,grandsons1 or other selections mentioned in the biographies or elsewhere8 ,what progress have you made in silent reading8 ,if you were making a blackboard calendar for each of the months--,september1 ,october1 and ,november--what stanzas in each of the three poems on these months would give you ideas for decoration8 ,select a stanza from these poems as a motto for each of your calendars4 ,november teaches ,alice ,caw a truth which she passes on to us2 what is this truth8 ,on pages #ai and #bj you read that the world of ,nature is a fairyland1 and that the poets help us to see the beauty that lies about us4 ,perhaps now when you look up into a starry sky you say to yourself almost without thinking1 ,the night has a thousand eyes-- ,what other poems have revealed beauties of ,nature to you8 ,a ,,forward ,,look ,here is matter for your entertainment4 ,several interesting persons will appear and will show you that a small part of the joy of reading consists in the merry tales that you may find in books4 ,one of the ,english poets somewhere calls upon the spirits of fun and joy1 a cheerful nymph and her companions1 to drive dull care away4 ,this poet1 ,john ,milton by name1 wrote many poems and prose works on very serious matters4 ,he lived in a serious time1 the time when many ,englishmen were leaving their native country and emigrating to ,america in order that they might find a freedom that was denied to them at home4 ,but even under these circumstances1 sympathizing with those who went into exile for freedom1 and studying night and day how he could himself advance the cause of liberty1 ,john ,milton was too great a man to believe that life is altogether serious and earnest4 ,humor and jesting and wholesome fun have a part in every life2 they are no more to be neglected than the spices in a ,thanksgiving pie4 ,so the poet called upon the cheerful nymph and her attendants to help him see the brighter side of life2 the fun that there is in foolishness1 and the health that comes with a hearty laugh4 ,here is what he wrote3 ,haste thee1 ,nymph1 and bring with thee ,jest and youthful ,jollity1 ,come1 and trip it1 as you go1 ,on the light1 fantastic toe4 ,now let us imagine that we1 also1 are inviting these kindly spirits of ,mirth4 ,our lives are serious1 too4 ,we have arithmetic to learn1 or we have a composition to write4 ,people expect us to do all sorts of things that take our time1 and of course we want to do these things4 ,but here comes ,laughter holding both his sides1 a fat old gentleman who makes you feel merry the moment you set eyes on him4 ,and ,father ,laughter first introduces the ,baron ,munchausen1 who will tell some of his marvelous experiences4 ,we are not compelled to believe all of them4 ,perhaps ,father ,laughter wanted to take a sly dig or two at the yarns some travelers tell when they get home4 ,by this means the story illustrates one of the great sources of humor--monstrous exaggeration4 ,it also shows what a foolish thing it is to be a boaster4 ,most people1 at one time or another1 are tempted to brag about their deeds1 their possessions1 or their smartness4 ,if they would only think of ,baron ,munchausen1 they would flee from this temptation4 ,after this comes a story about the blind men and the elephant4 ,here ,father ,laughter gets his way with you by making you see how absurd were the guesses about the elephant made by men who knew only the animal's trunk1 or his tusks1 or his tail4 ,and here1 too1 after you have laughed heartily at the foolish fellows who were so positive that they knew everything when they knew nothing1 you begin to see the danger in what are called snap judgments4 ,look at these ridiculous fellows1 says ,father ,laughter1 and consider how silly it is to jump to a conclusion unless you have all the facts4 ,you will agree that ,father ,laughter's next performer1 ,darius ,green1 is especially interesting in these days when men fly across the ,atlantic or from ,new ,york to ,san ,francisco4 ,darius seems to have been the first bird-man1 and though he was absurd enough1 he reminds one of the fact that many useful inventions that now add to our comfort were prepared for by men who seemed to their friends and acquaintances crazy enough4 ,but this is introduction a-plenty2 there's really no need to keep you any longer from getting acquainted with ,father ,laughter and the antics he likes to play4 ,,adventures ,,of ,,baron ,,munchausen ,r4 ,e4 ,raspe ,the ,savage ,boar ,baron ,munchausen had feasted his friends right well1 and after supper he leaned back in his chair and said1 ,so you want me to tell you of my adventures in the past4 ,his guests eagerly urged him on1 and he began his story4 ,once1 when ,i was returning from a hunt1 with an empty gun 7having used all my ammunition71 a raging wild boar rushed at me4 ,well1 you know how unpleasant such an encounter may be1 so ,i am sure none of you will think me a coward for hastily climbing the nearest tree2 it was a young birch which could hardly bear my weight4 ,the boar made a dash for the tree1 but was a moment too late1 for ,i had just drawn my legs out of his reach4 ,but so violent was his rush that his tusks went through the trunk of the tree and projected an inch through the other side4 ,i slid down the tree1 picked up a stone the size of my fist1 and riveted down the projecting points of the tusks4 ,you can imagine what a narrow escape ,i had when ,i tell you that the beast weighed five tons--a good deal for a wild boar4 ,a ,narrow ,escape ,at another time1 when ,i was hunting in ,ceylon1 ,i was terrified to see a gigantic lion approaching1 with the evident intention of devouring me4 ,my gun was only loaded with bird-shot1 and ,i had no other about me4 ,the savage animal shook his head several times1 uttered a loud roar1 and prepared to spring4 ,i turned to flee1 and--my flesh creeps even now at the recollection of it--there1 on the bank of a river that lay behind me1 was a huge crocodile with his terrible jaws open ready to swallow me6 ,imagine1 gentlemen1 the horror of my situation--before me the lion1 behind me the crocodile1 on my left a rushing torrent1 and on the right an abyss full of poisonous snakes6 ,i gave myself up for lost1 and fell to the ground in an almost fainting condition1 expecting nothing better than to meet with a horrible death from one or the other of these terrible animals4 ,after waiting a few seconds ,i heard a violent noise1 different from any that had fallen on my ears before4 ,i ventured to raise my head1 and what do you think had happened8 ,the lion had1 in his eagerness1 jumped clean over me into the crocodile's jaws2 the head of the one stuck in the throat of the other1 and they were struggling to free themselves4 ,i quickly sprang to my feet1 drew out my hunting-knife1 and with one blow severed the lion's head4 ,then1 with the butt-end of my gun1 ,i rammed the head farther into the throat of the crocodile1 and destroyed him by suffocation4 ,the hide of the crocodile1 which was exactly forty feet in length1 ,i had stuffed1 and it now forms one of the chief attractions in the museum at ,amsterdam1 where the superintendent relates the story to all spectators1 with harrowing additions4 ,one of these is that the lion jumped right through the crocodile1 but as soon as the head appeared1 ,monsieur the ,famous ,baron 7as he is pleased to call me7 cut it off1 and three feet of the crocodile's tail as well1 whereupon the crocodile turned round1 snatched the knife out of my hand1 and swallowed it so greedily that it pierced his heart and killed him6 ,i need not tell you how annoyed ,i was by these exaggerations4 ,in this age of doubt people who do not know me might possibly be led to disbelieve the real facts when they are mixed up with such absurd inventions4 ,,how ,,the ,,baron ,,saved ,,gibraltar ,some years later ,i made a voyage to ,gibraltar to visit my old friend1 ,general ,elliott4 ,he received me with joy and took me for a stroll along the ramparts to examine the operations of the enemy4 ,i had brought with me an excellent telescope1 which ,i had purchased in ,rome4 ,looking through it1 ,i saw that the enemy were about to discharge a thirty-six pound cannon at the very spot where we were standing4 ,i rushed toward our nearest cannon1 a forty-eight pounder1 and placed it exactly facing that of the enemy4 ,i watched carefully till ,i saw the ,spanish gunner apply a match to the touchhole1 and then ,i1 too1 gave the word ',fire4' ,both reports rang out at the same instant1 and the two cannon balls met halfway with amazing force4 ,ours1 being the heavier1 caused the enemy's ball to recoil with such violence as to kill the man who had discharged it2 it then passed through the masts of three ships which lay in a line behind each other1 and flew across the ,straits of ,gibraltar some miles into ,africa4 ,our own ball1 after repelling the other1 proceeded on its way1 dismounted the very cannon which had just been used against us1 and forced it into the hold of the ship1 where it fell with so much force as to break its way through the bottom4 ,the ship immediately filled and sank1 with about a thousand ,spanish sailors and a large number of soldiers on board1 who were all drowned4 ,you can see for yourselves that this strange tale must be true1 however improbable it sounds1 or else how could it possibly have happened8 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,a long time ago a book called ,the ,travels of ,baron ,munchausen was written by ,rudolph ,erich ,raspe4 ,the tales told in this book were so extravagant that the name ,munchausen is often applied to boasters4 ,the author pretends that the stories are all strictly true4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what extravagant statements do you find in the story ,the ,savage ,boar8 ,in ,a ,narrow ,escape8 ,in ,how the ,baron ,saved ,gibraltar8 #b4 ,which of the incidents mentioned do you think is the most ridiculous8 #c4 ,what do you think of the proof given by the author to prove the truthfulness of the last story8 #d4 ,which of the sources of humor mentioned on page #eh does this story illustrate8 #e4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 boar2 encounter2 tusks2 riveted2 gigantic2 abyss2 severed2 whereupon2 exaggerations2 ramparts2 touchhole2 recoil2 repelling2 dismounted2 hold4 #f4 ,pronounce3 ,munchausen2 projected2 harrowing2 ,monsieur4 ,phrases for ,study evident intention1 age of doubt1 horror of my situation1 absurd inventions1 gave myself up for lost1 operations of the enemy1 harrowing additions1 ,straits of ,gibraltar4 ,,the ,,blind ,,men ,,and ,,the ,,elephant ,john ,g4 ,saxe ,it was six men of ,indostan1 ,to learning much inclined ,who went to see the elephant 7,though all of them were blind71 ,that each by observation ,might satisfy his mind4 ,the first approached the elephant1 ,and happening to fall ,against his broad and sturdy side1 ,at once began to bawl3 ,god bless me6 but the elephant ,is very like a wall6 ,the second1 feeling of the tusk1 ,cried1 ,ho6 what have we here ,so very round and smooth and sharp8 ,to me 'tis mighty clear ,this wonder of an elephant ,is very like a spear6 ,the third approached the animal1 ,and happening to take ,the squirming trunk within his hands ,thus boldly up and spake3 ,i see1 quoth he1 the elephant ,is very like a snake6 ,the fourth reached out his eager hand1 ,and felt about the knee4 ,what most this wondrous beast is like ,is mighty plain1 quoth he2 ',tis clear enough the elephant ,is very like a tree6 ,the fifth1 who chanced to touch the ear1 ,said3 ,e'en the blindest man ,can tell what this resembles most2 ,deny the fact who can1 ,this marvel of an elephant ,is very like a fan6 ,the sixth no sooner had begun ,about the beast to grope1 ,than1 seizing on the swinging tail1 ,that fell within his scope1 ,i see1 quoth he1 the elephant ,is very like a rope6 ,and so these men of ,indostan ,disputed loud and long1 ,each in his own opinion ,exceeding stiff and strong1 ,though each was partly in the right1 ,and all were in the wrong6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,john ,godfrey ,saxe 7#ahaf-ahhg71 an ,american poet1 was born in ,vermont4 ,he is best known by his humorous poems1 of which ,the ,blind ,men and the ,elephant is most widely read4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,how could blind men see the elephant8 #b4 ,to what did each compare the elephant8 #c4 ,explain the comparison each made4 #d4 ,why is comparison a common way of describing objects8 #e4 ,point out instances of its use by other authors in this book4 #f4 ,why were these blind men all in the wrong8 #g4 ,how far was each in the right8 #h4 ,what makes this poem humorous8 #i4 ,what may we learn from this story8 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 learning2 observation2 approached2 bawl2 wonder2 resembles2 marvel2 grope2 disputed2 stiff4 #aa4 ,pronounce3 sturdy2 wondrous2 scope4 ,phrases for ,study much inclined1 eager hand1 satisfy his mind1 within his scope4 ,,darius ,,green ,,and ,,his ,,flying-,,machine ,,john ,,townsend ,,trowbridge ,if ever there lived a ,yankee lad1 ,wise or otherwise1 good or bad1 ,who1 seeing the birds fly1 didn't jump ,with flapping arms from stake or stump1 ,or1 spreading the tail ,of his coat for a sail1 ,take a soaring leap from post or rail1 ,and wonder why ,he couldn't fly1 ,and flap and flutter and wish and try-- ,if ever you knew a country dunce ,who didn't try that as often as once1 ,all ,i can say is1 that's a sign ,he never would do for a hero of mine4 ,an aspiring genius was ,d4 ,green2 ,the son of a farmer--age fourteen4 ,his body was long and lank and lean-- ,just right for flying1 as will be seen2 ,he had two eyes1 each bright as a bean1 ,and a freckled nose that grew between1 ,a little awry--for ,i must mention ,that he had riveted his attention ,upon his wonderful invention1 ,twisting his tongue as he twisted the strings1 ,working his face as he worked the wings1 ,arid with every turn of gimlet and screw ,turning and screwing his mouth round1 too1 ,till his nose seemed bent ,to catch the scent1 ,around some corner1 of new-baked pies1 ,and his wrinkled cheeks and his squinting eyes ,grew puckered into a queer grimace1 ,that made him look very droll in the face1 ,and also very wise4 ,and wise he must have been1 to do more ,than ever a genius did before1 ,excepting ,daedalus of yore ,and his son ,icarus1 who wore ,upon their backs ,those wings of wax ,he had read of in the old almanacs4 ,darius was clearly of the opinion ,that the air is also man's dominion1 ,and that1 with paddle or fin or pinion1 ,we soon or late ,shall navigate ,the azure as now we sail the sea4 ,the thing looks simple enough to me2 ,and if you doubt it1 ,hear how ,darius reasoned about it4 ,birds can fly1 ,an' why can't ,i8 ,must we give in1 ,says he with a grin1 ',t the bluebird an' phoebe ,are smarter'n we be8 ,jest fold our hands an' see the swaller ,an' blackbird an' catbird beat us holler8 ,does the leetle1 chatterin'1 sassy wren1 ,no bigger'n my thumb1 know more than men ,jest show me that6 ,er prove't the bat ,has got more brains than's in my hat1 ,an' ,i'll back down1 an' not till then6 ,he argued further3 ,ner ,i can't see ,what's th' use o' wings to a bumblebee1 ,fer to git a livin' with1 more'n to me2 ,ain't my business ,importanter'n his'n is8 ,that ,icarus ,was a silly cuss-- ,him an' his daddy1 ,daedalus4 ,they might 'a' knowed wings made o' wax ,wouldn't stan' sun-heat an' hard whacks2 ,i'll make mine o' luther1 ,er suthin' er other4 ,and he said to himself1 as he tinkered and planned3 ,but ,i ain't goin' to show my hand ,to mummies that never can understand ,the fust idee that's big an' grand4 ,they'd 'a' laft an' made fun ,o' ,creation itself afore 'twas done6 ,so he kept his secret from all the rest1 ,safely buttoned within his vest2 ,and in the loft above the shed ,himself he locks1 ,with thimble and thread ,and wax and hammer and buckles and screws1 ,and all such things as geniuses use2 ,two bats for patterns1 curious fellows6 ,a charcoal-pot and a pair of bellows2 ,an old hoop-skirt or two1 as ,well as ,some wire and several old umbrellas2 ,a carriage-cover1 for tail and wings2 ,a piece of harness2 and straps and strings2 ,and a big strong box1 ,in which he locks ,these and a hundred other things4 ,his grinning brothers1 ,reuben and ,burke ,and ,nathan and ,jotham and ,solomon1 lurk ,around the corner to see him work-- ,sitting cross-legged1 like a ,turk1 ,drawing the waxed end through with a jerk1 ,and boring the holes with a comical quirk ,of his wise old head1 and a knowing smirk4 ,but vainly they mounted each other's backs1 ,and poked through knot-holes and pried through cracks2 ,with wood from the pile and straw from the stacks ,he plugged the knot-holes and calked the cracks2 ,and a bucket of water1 which one would think2 ,he had brought up into the loft to drink ,when he chanced to be dry1 ,stood always nigh1 ,for ,darius was sly6 ,and whenever at work he happened to spy ,at chink or crevice a blinking eye1 ,he let a dipper of water fly4 ,take that6 an' ef ever ye get a peep1 ,guess ye'll ketch a weasel asleep6 ,and he sings as he locks ,his big strong box3 ,the weasel's head is small an' trim1 ,an' he is leetle an' long an' slim1 ,an' quick of motion an' nimble of limb1 ,an' ef yeou'll be ,advised by me1 ,keep wide awake when ye're ketchin' him6 ,so day after day ,he stitched and tinkered and hammered ,till at last 'twas done-- ,the greatest invention under the sun6 ,an' now1 says ,darius1 hooray fer some fun6 ',twas the ,fourth of ,july1 ,and the weather was dry1 ,and not a cloud was on all the sky ,save a few light fleeces1 which here and there4 ,half mist1 half air1 ,like foam on the ocean went floating by2 ,just as lovely a morning as ever was seen ,for a nice little trip in a flying-machine4 ,thought cunning ,darius3 ,now ,i shan't go ,along 'ith the fellers to see the show4 ,i'll say ,i've got sich a terrible cough6 ,an' then1 when the folks 'ave all gone off1 ,i'll hev full swing ,for to try the thing1 ,an' practyse a leetle on the wing4 ,ain't goin' to see the celebration8 ,says ,brother ,nate4 ,no2 botheration6 ,i've got sich a cold--a toothache--,i-- ,my gracious6--feel's though ,i should fly6 ,said ,jotham1 ,sho6 ,guess ye better go4 ,but ,darius said1 ,no6 ,shouldn't wonder 'f yeou might see me1 though1 ',long 'bout noon1 ef ,i git red ,o' this jumpin'1 thumpin' pain 'n my head4 ,for all the while to himself he said3 ,i'll tell ye what6 ,i'll fly a few times around the lot1 ,to see how 't seems2 then soon's ,i've got ,the hang o' the thing1 ez likely's not1 ,i'll astonish the nation1 ,and all creation1 ,by flyin' over the celebration6 ,over their heads ,i'll sail like an eagle2 ,i'll balance myself on my wings like a sea-gull2 ,i'll dance on the chimbleys2 ,i'll stan' on the steeple2 ,i'll flop up to winders an' scare the people6 ,i'll light on the libbe'ty-pole1 an' crow2 ,an' ,i'll say to the gawpin' fools below1 ',what world's this 'ere ,that ,i've come near8' ,fer ,i'll make 'em believe ,i'm a chap f'm the moon6 ,an' ,i'll try a race 'ith their ol' bulloon4 ,he crept from his bed2 ,and1 seeing the others were gone1 he said1 ,i'm a gittin' over the cold 'n my head4 ,and away he sped ,to open the wonderful box in the shed4 ,his brothers had walked but a little way ,when ,jotham to ,nathan chanced to say1 ,what on airth is he up to1 hey8 ,don'o'--the' 's suthin' er other to pay1 ,er he wouldn't 'a' stayed to hum today4 ,says ,burke1 ,his toothache's all 'n his eye6 ,he never'd miss a ,fo'th-o'-,july ,ef he hedn't got some machine to try4 ,le's hurry back an' hide in the barn1 ,an' pay him fer tellin' us that yarn6 ,agreed6 ,through the orchard they creep back1 ,along by the fences1 behind the stack1 ,and one by one1 through a hole in the wall1 ,in under the dusty barn they crawl1 ,dressed in their ,sunday garments all2 ,and a very astonishing sight was that1 ,when each in his cobwebbed coat and hat ,came up through the floor like an ancient rat ,and there they hid2 ,and ,reuben slid ,the fastenings back1 and the door undid4 ,keep dark6 said he1 ,while ,i squint an' see what the' is to see4 ,as knights of old put on their mail-- ,from head to foot ,an iron suit1 ,iron jacket and iron boot1 ,iron breeches1 and on the head ,no hat1 but an iron pot instead1 ,and under the chin the bail 7,i believe they called the thing a helm72 ,and the lid they carried they called a shield2 ,and1 thus accoutered1 they took the field1 ,sallying forth to overwhelm ,the dragons and pagans that plagued the realm-- ,so this modern knight ,prepared for flight1 ,put on his wings and strapped them tight2 ,jointed and jaunty1 strong and light2 ,buckled them fast to shoulder and hip-- ,ten feet they measured from tip to tip6 ,and a helm had he1 but that he wore1 ,not on his head like those of yore1 ,but more like the helm of a ship4 ,hush6 ,reuben said1 ,he's up in the shed6 ,he's opened the winder--,i see his head6 ,he stretches it out1 ,an' pokes it about1 ,lookin' to see 'f the coast is clear1 ,an' nobody near2 ,guess he don'o' who's hid in here6 ,he's riggin' a spring-board over the sill6 ,stop laffin'1 ,solomon6 ,burke1 keep still6 ,he's a climbin' out now--of all the things6 ,what's he got on8 ,i van1 it's wings6 ,an' that 'tother thing8 ,i yum1 it's a tail6 ,an' there he sets like a hawk on a rail6 ,steppin' careful1 he travels the length ,of his spring-board1 and teeters to try its strength4 ,now he stretches his wings1 like a monstrous bat2 ,peeks over his shoulder1 this way an' that1 ,fer to see 'f the' 's anyone passin' by2 ,but the' 's on'y a ca'f an' a goslin' nigh4 ,they turn up at him a wonderin' eye1 ,to see--the dragon6 he's goin' to fly6 ,away he goes6 ,jimminy6 what a jump6 ,flop--flop--an' plump ,to the ground with a thump6 ,flutt'rin' an' flound'rin'1 all in a lump6 ,as a demon is hurled by an angel's spear1 ,heels over head1 to his proper sphere-- ,heels over head1 and head over heels1 ,dizzily down the abyss he wheels-- ,so fell ,darius4 ,upon his crown1 ,in the midst of the barnyard1 he came down1 ,in a wonderful whirl of tangled strings1 ,broken braces and broken springs1 ,broken tail and broken wings1 ,shooting-stars1 and various things6 ,away with a bellow fled the calf1 ,and what was that8 ,did the gosling laugh8 ',tis a merry roar ,from the old barn-door1 ,and he hears the voice of ,jotham crying1 ,say1 ,d'rius6 how de yeou like flyin'8 ,slowly1 ruefully1 where he lay1 ,darius just turned and looked that way1 ,as he stanched his sorrowful nose with his cuff4 ,wal1 ,i like flyin' well enough1 ,he said2 but the' ain't sich a thunderin' sight ,o' fun in 't when ye come to light4 ,,moral ,i just have room for the moral here1 ,and this is the moral3 ,stick to your sphere4 ,or if you insist1 as you have the right1 ,on spreading your wings for a loftier flight1 ,the moral is3 ,take care how you light4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,john ,townsend ,trowbridge 7#ahbg-aiaf71 an ,american writer1 lived in ,cambridge4 ,he and ,lucy ,larcom were for a time editors of ,our ,young ,folks' ,magazine4 ,trowbridge first saw a flying-machine sixty years after he wrote ,darius ,green and ,his ,flying-,machine4 ,he was then eighty-three years old4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what did ,darius ,green believe that men would soon be able to do8 #b4 ,what did ,darius determine to use as material for his machine8 #c4 ,why did he not tell his brothers what he was trying to do8 #d4 ,when did he plan to try his machine8 #e4 ,find the lines that tell what he imagined he would do4 #f4 ,find the lines that tell what he really did4 #g4 ,what did he say was the unpleasant part of flying8 #h4 ,mention some inventions that people once thought were as impossible as the boys thought this flying-machine was4 #i4 ,mention some inventors at whom people once laughed but who are now honored4 #aj4 ,in what way does the author make his story humorous8 #aa4 ,notice ,darius's language on pages #fg and #fh4 ,the writer shows by such words that ,darius was not a well-educated boy2 are persons often judged by the way they talk8 #ab4 ,in ,wildman's ,famous ,leaders of ,industry1 you will find interesting facts about ,orville and ,wilbur ,wright44,you will enjoy reading ,the ,boys' ,airplane ,book1 ,collins4 #ac1 ,report any current news on airplane development1 airplane mail routes1 etc41 that you can find4 #ad4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 soaring2 lank2 gimlet2 yore2 pinion2 tinkered2 mummies2 quirk2 smirk2 crevice2 weasel2 cunning2 ancient2 helm2 ruefully4 #ae4 ,pronounce3 ,darius2 aspiring2 genius2 awry2 grimace2 droll2 ,daedalus2 ,icarus2 almanacs2 phoebe2 calked2 breeches2 accoutered2 pagans2 jaunty2 stanched4 ,phrases for ,study aspiring genius1 like a ,turk1 riveted his attention1 knights of old1 ,daedalus of yore1 thus accoutered1 man's dominion1 plagued the realm1 navigate the azure1 his proper sphere1 beat us holler1 stick to your sphere4 ,,birthday ,,greetings ,c4 ,l4 ,,dodgson 7,lewis ,carroll7 ,christ ,church1 ,oxford ,october #ac1 #ahge ,my ,dear ,gertrude3 ,i never give birthday presents1 but you see ,i do sometimes write a birthday letter2 so1 as ,i've just arrived here1 ,i am writing this to wish you many and many a happy return of your birthday tomorrow4 ,i will drink your health1 if only ,i can remember1 and if you don't mind--but perhaps you object8 ,you see1 if ,i were to sit by you at breakfast1 and to drink your tea1 you wouldn't like that1 would you8 ,you would say ,boo6 hoo6 ,here's ,mr4 ,dodgson's drunk all my tea1 and ,i haven't any left6 ,so ,i am very much afraid1 next time ,sybil looks for you1 she'll find you sitting by the sad sea-wave1 and crying ,boo6 hoo6 ,here's ,mr4 ,dodgson has drunk my health1 and ,i haven't got any left6 ,and how it will puzzle ,dr4 ,maund1 when he is sent for to see you6 ,my dear ,madam1 ,i'm very sorry to say your little girl has got no health at all6 ,i never saw such a thing in my life6 ,oh1 ,i can easily explain it6 your mother will say4 ,you see she would go and make friends with a strange gentleman1 and yesterday he drank her health6 ,well1 ,mrs4 ,chataway1 he will say1 the only way to cure her is to wait till his next birthday1 and then for her to drink his health4 ,and then we shall have changed healths4 ,i wonder how you'll like mine6 ,oh1 ,gertrude1 ,i wish you wouldn't talk such nonsense6 ,your loving friend1 ,,lewis ,,carroll ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,charles ,lutwidge ,dodgson 7#ahcb-ahih71 better known by his pen name1 ,lewis ,carroll1 was an ,english author4 ,he was the son of a clergyman4 ,for four years he attended the famous school at ,rugby1 after which he entered college at ,oxford4 ,he became an excellent scholar and mathematician and was appointed a lecturer on mathematics at ,oxford ,university1 a position that he held for many years4 ,his keen sympathy with the imagination of children and their sense of fun led him to tell of the adventures of ,alice1 in a book called ,alice's ,adventures in ,wonderland4 ,this book made ,lewis ,carroll's name famous4 ,his delightful humor is well illustrated in his letter of ,birthday ,greetings to ,gertrude ,chataway4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what is usually meant by drink your health8 #b4 ,what play on the meaning of these words gives a humorous turn to them8 #c4 ,what remedy does the author suggest the doctor will prescribe for ,gertrude8 #d4 ,what does the author call this humor8 #e4 ,the author was a serious man1 yet he believed in the value of wholesome fun2 of what great poet did you read1 on page #eg1 who also believed in the value of a hearty laugh8 ,phrases for ,study many a happy return1 sad sea-wave4 ,,the ,,wind ,,and ,,the ,,moon ,,george ,,macdonald ,said the ,wind to the ,moon1 ,i will blow you out4 ,you stare in the air ,like a ghost in a chair1 ,always looking what ,i am about4 ,i hate to be watched2 ,i will blow you out4 ,the ,wind blew hard1 and out went the ,moon4 ,so1 deep on a heap ,of clouds1 to sleep ,down lay the ,wind1 and slumbered soon-- ,muttering low4 ,i've done for that ,moon4 ,he turned in his bed2 she was there again4 ,on high in the sky1 ,with her one ghost eye1 ,the ,moon shone white and alive and plain4 ,said the ,wind1 ,i will blow you out again4 ,the ,wind blew hard1 and the ,moon grew dim4 ,with my sledge and my wedge ,i have knocked off her edge4 ,if only ,i blow right fierce and grim1 ,the creature will soon be dimmer than dim4 ,he blew and he blew1 and she thinned to a thread4 ,one puff more's enough ,to blow her to snuff6 ,one good puff more where the last was bred1 ,and glimmer1 glimmer glum will go the thread4 ,he blew a great blast1 and the thread was gone2 ,in the air nowhere ,was a moonbeam bare2 ,far off and harmless the shy stars shone2 ,sure and certain the ,moon was gone6 ,the ,wind he took to his revels once more3 ,on down1 in town1 ,like a merry-mad clown1 ,he leaped and hallooed with whistle and roar-- ,what's that8 ,the glimmering thread once more4 ,he flew in a rage--he danced and blew2 ,but in vain was the pain ,of his bursting brain2 ,for still the broader the moon-scrap grew1 ,the broader he swelled his big cheeks and blew4 ,slowly she grew--till she filled the night1 ,and shone on her throne ,in the sky alone1 ,a matchless1 wonderful1 silvery light1 ,radiant and lovely1 the queen of the night4 ,said the ,wind3 ,what a marvel of power am ,i ,with my breath1 good faith1 ,i blew her to death-- ,first blew her away right out of the sky-- ,then blew her in2 what a strength am ,i6 ,but the ,moon she knew nothing about the affair1 ,for1 high in the sky1 ,with her one white eye1 ,motionless1 miles above the air1 ,she had never heard the great ,wind blare4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,george ,macdonald 7#ahbd-aije71 a ,scotch poet1 wrote many entertaining poems and stories for children4 ,the ,wind and the ,moon is a good illustration of the fact that he knew how to interest boys and girls4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,why did the wind want to blow out the moon8 #b4 ,what natural changes in the shape of the moon take place each month8 #c4 ,what really caused it to disappear8 #d4 ,what did the wind do when he thought he had succeeded8 #e4 ,find the lines that tell how the wind felt when he saw the moon grow broader and bigger4 #f4 ,find the lines which tell that the moon did not know that the wind was blowing4 #g4 ,what qualities does this story give to the wind8 #h4 ,do you know any person who has these qualities8 #i4 ,the poet aims in this poem to amuse us2 by what means does he do this8 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 muttering2 sledge2 wedge2 grim2 matchless2 blare4 #aa4 ,pronounce3 revels2 hallooed2 radiant4 ,phrases for ,study thinned to a thread1 took to his revels1 where the last was bred1 filled the night4 ,,stories ,,in ,,lighter ,,vein ,a ,,backward ,,look ,why is it good for us1 even in the midst of serious work1 to read humorous stories from time to time8 ,an interesting anecdote is told of ,abraham ,lincoln that shows how he would have answered this question4 ,one day when the ,civil ,war was at its height1 ,president ,lincoln opened his cabinet meeting by saying1 ,gentlemen1 ,i am going to read you something that will make you laugh4 ,he then read a chapter from a humorous book1 laughing heartily as he read4 ,when he saw that none of the members of his cabinet joined in the laughter1 he said with a sigh1 ,gentlemen1 why don't you laugh8 ,with the fearful strain that is put on me day and night1 if ,i did not laugh once in a while ,i should die2 and you need this medicine as much as ,i do1 ,what did you read in the ,forward ,look on page #eg about another serious-minded man who believed that wholesome humor is a medicine8 ,which selection in this group gave you the heartiest laugh8 ,often some sensible truth is taught through a little nonsense2 of which selections is this particularly true8 ,it is interesting to stop for a moment and think just why certain stories make us laugh4 ,one story is humorous because of its wild exaggeration2 another because it makes us see how ridiculous it is to be a boaster or to be conceited or to jump at conclusions2 and still another because it has an interesting little play upon words4 ,what is the source of humor in ,the ,savage ,boar2 ,a ,narrow ,escape2 ,how the ,baron ,saved ,gibraltar2 ,the ,blind ,men and the ,elephant2 ,birthday ,greetings2 ,the ,wind and the ,moon8 ,how does the present-day newspaper furnish fun for its readers8 ,which newspaper cartoons do you look at regularly1 and which are your favorites8 ,bring to class examples of cartoons1 and then divide the collection into three groups--those that you think drive home a truth2 those that you think are funny and clever2 and those that you think are merely silly4 ,prepare an exhibit for ,cartoon ,day in your school1 selecting the material from these examples4 ,clip and bring to class newspaper jokes that you and your family particularly enjoyed4 ,recommend to your classmates humorous stories that you have read in ,the ,junior ,red ,cross ,news1 ,life1 ,st4 ,nicholas1 ,the ,youth's ,companion1 or in some other magazine4 ,in previous pages you have found occasional suggestions for problems similar to those of the preceding paragraph4 ,like suggestions will be found later in the book4 ,the working out of these problems and reporting on them in class will add greatly to the value and pleasure of your reading4 ,some of these suggested problems are3 7a7 ,silent ,reading--,making a report showing comparisons month by month of individual and class progress in silent reading2 7b7 ,books ,i ,have ,read--,reviewing a favorite book1 giving title1 author1 time and scene of story1 principal characters1 and a brief outline of the story1 with readings of the selected passages that will give your classmates most pleasure2 7c7 ,magazine ,reading--,reporting monthly on current numbers of magazines1 telling your classmates what you have found that is interesting2 in this way you will help each other to become acquainted with a number of magazines2 7d7 ,newspaper ,reading--,reporting current events1 and showing in the newspapers that you read the place of general news1 of editorials1 society news1 sports1 the joke column1 cartoons1 advertisements1 etc42 7e7 ,dramatizing--,planning and presenting before your class some selection or some incident from a selection that you think will make an interesting play2 7f7 ,good ,citizenship--,making a list of the suggestions you find in this ,reader that help you to be a useful home-member and a good citizen1 and preparing a program from selections in this book for ,citizenship ,day in your school4 ,which of the problems that you have worked out did you find most interesting8 ,,home ,,and ,,country ,a ,forward ,look ,one of the most famous stories in ,american literature tells about a man who spoke of his country with sneers and insults and acted in such a way that he was forbidden ever to set foot on ,american soil again4 ,so he became a wanderer4 ,he saw how men from other countries looked upon their homelands with pride and affection1 and how his countrymen loved ,america better even than their lives4 ,he came to be known as the man without a country1 and he lived a wretched and lonely life4 ,at last he came to the hour of death1 and he wrote these words for all ,americans to think about if the temptation should ever come to speak scornfully of their country3 ,if you are ever tempted to say a word or to do a thing that shall put a bar between you and your country1 pray ,god in his mercy to take you that instant home to his own heaven4 ,stick by your family1 boy2 forget you have a self1 while you do everything for them4 ,think of your home1 boy2 write and send1 and talk about it4 ,let it be nearer and nearer to your thoughts1 the farther you have to travel from it2 and rush back to it when you are free4 ,and for your country1 boy--and the words rattled in his throat--and for that flag--and he pointed to the ship--never dream a dream but of serving her as she bids you1 though the service carry you through a thousand hells4 ,no matter what happens to you1 no matter who flatters you or who abuses you1 never look to another flag1 never let a night pass but you pray ,god to bless that flag4 ,remember1 boy1 that behind all these men you have to do with1 behind officers1 and government1 and people even1 there is the ,country ,herself1 your ,country1 and that you belong to ,her as you belong to your mother4 ,stand by ,her1 boy1 as you would stand by your mother4 ,such was the dying message of the man without a country to the ,americans of his time2 such is his message to us4 ,when we were at war1 it was to be expected that all men would answer the call of patriotism4 ,but now that peace has come1 it is not so easy to forget self in a loyalty to our country and its flag4 ,it is easy to be on guard when we know that an armed enemy is close by2 it is not easy when the enemy is hidden1 and the guns are silent4 ,these hidden enemies of our country do not fight in armies2 they are the bad citizens who are scattered about2 often you do not realize who they are4 ,generally these bad citizens1 who are enemies of our country1 possess one or all of the following characteristics3 ,in the first place1 they have no love for home and its festivals4 ,now1 our nation is a collection of homes4 ,the government was formed to protect these homes4 ,the good citizen is a lover of his native soil1 a lover of his home1 a lover of ,thanksgiving and ,independence ,day and ,christmas4 ,these festivals bind men more closely together1 make them one1 join them to their native land4 ,but there are many bad citizens1 enemies of ,america1 who seek to destroy these influences that lead men to work together to make the community a better place in which to live4 ,second1 the history of the ,united ,states1 the stories of the founding of our nation1 the stories about our flag and its defenders1 have no interest for these bad citizens4 ,you remember how mother used to tell you stories about when she was a little girl1 and how these stories made you love her the more4 ,it is the same with the stories about the days when our country was young3 how the young ,george ,washington showed the kind of man he was1 or how the young ,abraham ,lincoln struggled to fit himself to become a leader of men4 ,through these stories we learn what the flag really means and what it has cost1 and we love our country as we love our mother4 ,but the enemy1 the bad citizen1 laughs at these things4 ,he just thinks of himself4 ,he thinks he has a right to do as he likes because this is1 he says1 a free country4 ,he doesn't think that he owes anything to ,washington and ,jefferson and ,lincoln1 or to those who kept the flag at the masthead when it was in peril4 ,and the third test of a man's loyalty to our country is met only if he has the true feeling of democracy in his heart4 ,this feeling of democracy means service1 willingness to help others4 ,the man or woman who thinks only of his own good time or his own fortune is a bad citizen4 ,you see1 it is this way4 ,in olden times men had no part in the government unless they were born into a high place in society4 ,the ordinary man did as he was told1 went to the wars at the king's pleasure1 and paid taxes that often took all he could save4 ,he had little opportunity to make money or collect property4 ,if he did1 very probably the king would hear of it and would take away from him all that he had saved4 ,but ,america was founded with a different idea of these matters4 ,here men got together and set up the kind of government they wished4 ,they taxed themselves in order to support this government4 ,they worked together to drive away hostile ,indians1 to kill wild beasts1 to conquer the forests1 to plant their crops1 to make their lives safe and happy4 ,in this cooperation1 or working together1 in government and in all the ways of living we find the spirit of democracy4 ,this spirit has made ,america what it is today4 ,it has opened up farms1 built railways and ships and great industries1 built also mighty cities1 and made laws for the protection of property and life4 ,all this men have done through the cooperation that means democracy4 ,if any man thinks that this freedom gives him the right to trample on others1 he is no better than one of the wicked kings of former times4 ,if he thinks that under this freedom he may devote himself wholly to the selfish gain of wealth without giving a share of his money1 his time1 and his skill to making his community a better place to live in and his nation stronger and more secure1 he cheats his fellows1 because he takes1 without making any return1 the blessings that the founders and defenders of the ,republic established with their lives4 ,in the old stories the youth who was ready to be made a knight had to do certain things4 ,he had to take the vow of knighthood1 that he would lead a pure and blameless life4 ,he had to render a service to someone in distress4 ,and he had to watch1 his arms beside him1 through a night4 ,you boys and girls1 lovers of ,america1 her defenders if need be1 her guardians in the years to come1 must also watch by your arms4 ,these arms are not guns and bayonets2 they belong to your heart and mind4 ,they are three in number3 the love of home1 the inheritance of freedom1 and the will to work with others4 ,the first is a foundation to make strong your heart2 the second is a bulwark to make safe your life2 the third is a sword wherewith to slay the enemies of the ,republic4 ,this foundation in the love of home1 this bulwark of our inheritance of freedom1 and this sword of unselfish service are subjects often dealt with by great writers4 ,in the pages that follow you will find pieces selected in order to bring out these ideas4 ,you should read each of these selections not only for itself but also as a member of the group to which it belongs2 and you should try to get the central idea that unites all the pieces that make up the group4 ,thus1 little by little1 you will come to see how your joy in ,thanksgiving1 the thrill that ,old ,glory can give you1 and the service that you can render to someone else1 are all related to each other4 ,to defend home and country by being a good citizen is to be your mission in life4 ,it is more important than a successful career1 or than great personal happiness4 ,for both your career and your happiness will depend upon the way in which you1 and the other boys and girls of ,america1 thousands upon thousands1 keep watch by these arms1 keep faith with home and country4 ,,home ,,and ,,its ,,festivals ,,home1 ,,sweet ,,home ,john ,howard ,payne ',mid pleasures and palaces though we may roam ,be it ever so humble1 there's no place like home6 ,a charm from the sky seems to hallow us there1 ,which1 seek through the world1 is ne'er met with elsewhere4 ,home1 ,home1 sweet1 sweet ,home6 ,there's no place like ,home6 there's no place like ,home6 ,an exile from home1 splendor dazzles in vain2 ,oh6 give me my lonely thatched cottage again6 ,the birds1 singing gayly1 that came at my call-- ,give me them--and the peace of mind dearer than all6 ,home1 ,home1 sweet1 sweet ,home6 ,there's no place like ,home6 there's no place like ,home6 ,how sweet 'tis to sit 'neath a fond father's smile1 ,and the cares of a mother to soothe and beguile6 ,let others delight mid new pleasures to roam1 ,but give me1 oh1 give me1 the pleasures of home6 ,home1 ,home1 sweet1 sweet ,home6 ,there's no place like ,home6 there's no place like ,home6 ,to thee ,i'll return1 overburdened with care2 ,the heart's dearest solace will smile on me there2 ,no more from that cottage again will ,i roam2 ,be it ever so humble1 there's no place like home4 ,home1 ,home1 sweet1 sweet ,home6 ,there's no place like ,home6 there's no place like ,home6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,john ,howard ,payne 7#agib-aheb7 was born in ,new ,york ,city4 ,he became an actor and also a writer of plays and operas4 ,he died at ,tunis1 ,africa1 to which place he had been sent as ,united ,states consul4 ,when ,jenny ,lind1 the celebrated ,swedish singer1 visited the ,united ,states in #ahej1 she sang in ,washington before a large audience4 ,john ,howard ,payne sat in one of the boxes1 and at the close of her wonderful concert the singer turned toward the box in which the poet sat1 and sang ,home1 ,sweet ,home with so much sweetness and power that many of the audience cried like children4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what words in the first stanza are repeated in the refrain1 or chorus8 #b4 ,what is it that the poet says hallows1 or blesses1 us when we are in our homes8 #c4 ,with what word in the second stanza is cottage contrasted8 #d4 ,what does the second stanza tell us that the poet had at home and missed afterwards8 #e4 ,what is it that really makes home beautiful8 #f4 ,what great service do our mothers perform8 #g4 ,what does page #hd tell you of the value the love of home is to a nation8 #h4 ,explain the expression splendor dazzles in vain4 #i4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 humble2 hallow2 charm2 fond2 soothe2 beguile2 roam4 #aj4 ,pronounce3 exile2 solace4 ,,the ,,grapevine ,,swing ,,samuel ,,minturn ,,peck ,when ,i was a boy on the old plantation1 ,down by the deep bayou-- ,the fairest spot of all creation ,under the arching blue-- ,when the wind came over the cotton and corn1 ,to the long1 slim loop ,i'd spring ,with brown feet bare1 and a hat-brim torn1 ,and swing in the grapevine swing4 ,swinging in the grapevine swing1 ,laughing where the wild birds sing1 ,i dream and sigh ,for the days gone by1 ,swinging in the grapevine swing4 ,out--o'er the water lilies bonny and bright ,back--to the moss-green trees2 ,i shouted and laughed with a heart as light ,as a wild rose tossed by the breeze4 ,the mocking bird joined in my reckless glee2 ,i longed for no angel's wing2 ,i was just as near heaven as ,i wanted to be ,swinging in the grapevine swing4 ,swinging in the grapevine swing1 ,laughing where the wild birds sing-- ,oh1 to be a boy ,with a heart full of joy1 ,swinging in the grapevine swing6 ,i'm weary at noon1 ,i'm weary at night1 ,i'm fretted and sore of heart1 ,and care is sowing my locks with white ,as ,i wend through the fevered mart4 ,i'm tired of the world with its pride and pomp1 ,and fame seems a worthless thing4 ,i'd barter it all for one day's romp1 ,and a swing in the grapevine swing4 ,swinging in the grapevine swing1 ,laughing where the wild birds sing-- ,i would ,i were away ,from the world today1 ,swinging in the grapevine swing4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,samuel ,minturn ,peck 7#ahed-ahhf7 is a native of the ,south4 ,he was born in ,tuscaloosa1 ,alabama1 and spent most of his early years in that city4 ,he was gifted in music and became an excellent amateur pianist4 ,his published works include ,cap and ,bells1 ,rhymes and ,roses1 and ,rings and ,love-,knots1 from which ,the ,grapevine ,swing1 one of his most musical poems1 is taken4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,why does the poet call the old plantation ,the fairest spot of all creation8 #b4 ,what does he mean by the long1 slim loop8 #c4 ,for what days gone by does the poet sigh8 #d4 ,what picture do lines #f1 #g1 and #h1 page #hi1 give you8 #e4 ,what tells you that the swing was near the bayou8 #f4 ,what is compared to the wild rose8 #g4 ,why do you think the poet would barter it all for one day's romp8 #h4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 creation2 bonny2 reckless2 fretted2 wend2 pomp2 fame4 #i4 ,pronounce3 bayou2 arching2 laughing4 ,phrases for ,study arching blue1 care is sowing1 moss-green trees1 fevered mart1 sore of heart1 barter it all4 ,,lullaby ,,of ,,an ,,infant ,,chief ,,sir ,,walter ,,scott ,o hush thee1 my babie6 thy sire was a knight1 ,thy mother a lady1 both lovely and bright2 ,the woods and the glens1 from the towers which we see1 ,they are all belonging1 dear babie1 to thee4 ,o fear not the bugle1 though loudly it blows2 ,it calls but the warders that guard thy repose2 ,their bows would be bended1 their blades would be red1 ,ere the step of a foeman draws near to thy bed4 ,o hush thee1 my babie6 the time soon will come ,when thy sleep shall be broken by trumpet and drum2 ,then hush thee1 my darling1 take rest while you may1 ,for strife comes with manhood1 and waking with day4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,sir ,walter ,scott 7#agga-ahcb7 was born in ,scotland4 ,he was a famous novelist and poet4 ,when a child1 he learned the ,scottish legends and ballads1 and later he wove them into his writings4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what things mentioned in the first stanza show that the baby has great possessions8 #b4 ,how would the warders protect the baby8 #c4 ,what word could be used instead of blades8 #d4 ,what will this baby have to do when he becomes a man8 #e4 ,what will the trumpet and drum mean to him then8 #f4 ,how could you tell that this baby lived a long time ago8 #g4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 sire2 knight2 lady2 glens2 towers4 ,phrases for ,study calls but the warders1 sleep shall be broken1 guard thy repose1 strife comes with manhood4 ,,the ,,first ,,thanksgiving ,,day ,,margaret ,,junkin ,,preston ,and now1 said the ,governor1 gazing abroad on the piled-up store ,of the sheaves that dotted the clearings and covered the meadows o'er1 ',tis meet that we render praises because of this yield of grain2 ',tis meet that the ,lord of the harvest be thanked for his sun and rain4 ,and1 therefore1 ,i1 ,william ,bradford 7by the grace of ,god today1 ,and the franchise of this good people71 ,governor of ,plymouth1 say1 ,through virtue of vested power--ye shall gather with one accord1 ,and hold1 in the month of ,november1 thanksgiving unto the ,lord4 ,he hath granted us peace and plenty1 and the quiet we've sought so long2 ,he hath thwarted the wily savage1 and kept him from wrack and wrong2 ,and unto our feast the ,sachem shall be bidden1 that he may know ,we worship his own ,great ,spirit1 who maketh the harvests grow4 ,so shoulder your matchlocks1 masters--there is hunting of all degrees2 ,and1 fishermen1 take your tackle1 and scour for spoils the seas2 ,and1 maidens and dames of ,plymouth1 your delicate crafts employ ,to honor our ,first ,thanksgiving1 and make it a feast of joy6 ,we fail of the fruits and dainties--we fail of the old home cheer2 ,ah1 these are the lightest losses1 mayhap1 that befall us here2 ,but see1 in our open clearings1 how golden the melons lie2 ,enrich them with sweets and spices1 and give us the pumpkin-pie6 ,so1 bravely the preparations went on for the autumn feast2 ,the deer and the bear were slaughtered2 wild game from the greatest to least ,was heaped in the colony cabins2 brown home-brew served for wine1 ,and the plum and the grape of the forest1 for orange and peach and pine4 ,at length came the day appointed2 the snow had begun to fall1 ,but the clang from the meeting-house belfry rang merrily over all1 ,and summoned the folk ,of ,plymouth1 who hastened with glad accord ,to listen to ,elder ,brewster as he fervently thanked the ,lord4 ,in his seat sate ,governor ,bradford2 men1 matrons1 and maidens fair1 ,miles ,standish and all his soldiers1 with corselet and sword1 were there2 ,and sobbing and tears and gladness had each in its turn the sway1 ,for the grave of the sweet ,rose ,standish o'ershadowed ,thanksgiving ,day4 ,and when ,massasoit1 the ,sachem1 sate down with his hundred braves1 ,and ate of the varied riches of gardens and woods and waves1 ,and looked on the granaried harvest--with a blow on his brawny chest1 ,he muttered1 ,the good ,great ,spirit loves his white children best6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biographical and ,historical ,note4 ,margaret ,j4 ,preston 7#ahbj-ahig7 was one of the leading poets of the ,south4 ,she wrote many poems and sketches4 ,the ,first ,thanksgiving ,day gives a good picture of the life in the old ,pilgrim days4 ,the ,pilgrims landed at ,plymouth ,december #ba1 #afbj4 ,during the long1 hard winter fifty-one of the one hundred ,pilgrims died1 among them being ,rose ,standish1 wife of ,captain ,miles ,standish4 ,as soon as spring came1 the colonists planted their fields1 and by the end of summer a plentiful harvest was gathered in4 ,when provisions and fuel had been laid in for the winter1 ,governor ,bradford appointed a day of thanksgiving4 ,venison1 wild fowl1 and fish were easy to obtain4 ,we are told1 there was great store of wild turkeys1 of which they took many4 ,for three days a great feast was spread1 and ,massasoit1 the ,indian ,sachem1 or chief1 and many of his people enjoyed it with the colonists4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,when did the events related in this story take place8 #b4 ,who was the governor of ,plymouth at this time8 #c4 ,what proclamation did he make8 #d4 ,what did the governor say that ,god had done for the colony8 #e4 ,who did he say should be invited to the feast8 #f4 ,what meat did the ,pilgrims have at their first ,thanksgiving dinner8 #g4 ,what fruits did they have for the feast8 #h4 ,what fruit is meant by pine in line #ab1 page #ic8 #i4 ,what did the colonists do with glad accord before they sat down to their feast8 #aj4 ,find the lines that tell what ,massasoit said when he ate of the feast4 #aa4 ,why is it a good thing for ,america to have a day set apart each year for us to give thanks for our blessings8 #ab4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 store2 sheaves2 clearings2 wrack2 dames2 mayhap2 befall2 slaughtered2 appointed2 summoned2 fervently2 sate2 braves2 brawny4 #ac4 ,pronounce3 therefore2 franchise2 wily2 ,sachem1 pumpkin2 matrons2 corselet2 ,massasoit2 granaried4 ,phrases for ,study 'tis meet1 scour for spoils1 franchise of this good people1 delicate crafts employ1 virtue of vested power1 fail of the fruits1 with one accord1 home-brew served for wine1 thwarted the wily savage1 each in its turn the sway1 ,great ,spirit1 o'ershadowed ,thanksgiving ,day1 shoulder your matchlocks1 of all degrees1 varied riches4 ,a ,,visit ,,from ,,st4 ,,nicholas ,,clement ,c4 ,,moore ',twas the night before ,christmas1 when all through the house ,not a creature was stirring1 not even a mouse4 ,the stockings were hung by the chimney with care1 ,in hopes that ,st4 ,nicholas soon would be there ,the children were nestled all snug in their beds1 ,while visions of sugarplums danced through their heads2 ,and mamma in her kerchief1 and ,i in my cap1 ,had just settled our brains for a long winter's nap-- ,when out on the lawn there arose such a clatter1 ,i sprang from my bed to see what was the matter4 ,away to the window ,i flew like a flash1 ,tore open the shutters1 and threw up the sash2 ,the moon on the breast of the new-fallen snow ,gave a luster of midday to objects below2 ,when what to my wondering eyes should appear ,but a miniature sleigh and eight tiny reindeer1 ,with a little old driver1 so lively and quick1 ,i knew in a moment it must be ,st4 ,nick4 ,more rapid than eagles his coursers they came1 ,and he whistled1 and shouted1 and called them by name3 ,now1 ,dasher6 now1 ,dancer6 now1 ,prancer and ,vixen6 ,on1 ,comet6 on1 ,cupid6 on1 ,donder and ,blitzen6-- ,to the top of the porch1 to the top of the wall1 ,now1 dash away1 dash away1 dash away1 all6 ,as dry leaves that before the wild hurricane fly1 ,when they meet with an obstacle1 mount to the sky1 ,so1 up to the housetop the coursers they flew1 ,with a sleigh full of toys--and ,st4 ,nicholas1 too4 ,and then1 in a twinkling1 ,i heard on the roof ,the prancing and pawing of each little hoof4 ,as ,i drew in my head1 and was turning around1 ,down the chimney ,st4 ,nicholas came with a bound2 ,he was dressed all in fur from his head to his foot1 ,and his clothes were all tarnished with ashes and soot4 ,a bundle of toys he had flung on his back1 ,and he looked like a peddler just opening his pack4 ,his eyes1 how they twinkled6 his dimples1 how merry6 ,his cheeks were like roses1 his nose like a cherry2 ,his droll little mouth was drawn up like a bow1 ,and the beard on his chin was as white as the snow4 ,the stump of a pipe he held tight in his teeth1 ,and the smoke1 it encircled his head like a wreath4 ,he had a broad face1 and a little round belly ,that shook when he laughed1 like a bowl full of jelly4 ,he was chubby and plump--a right jolly old elf2 ,and ,i laughed when ,i saw him1 in spite of myself4 ,a wink of his eye and a twist of his head ,soon gave me to know ,i had nothing to dread4 ,he spoke not a word1 but went straight to his work1 ,and filled all the stockings2 then turned with a jerk1 ,and laying his finger aside of his nose1 ,and giving a nod1 up the chimney he rose4 ,he sprang to his sleigh1 to his team gave a whistle1 ,and away they all flew like the down of a thistle4 ,but ,i heard him exclaim1 ere they drove out of sight1 ,happy ,christmas to all1 and to all a good night4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,clement ,c4 ,moore 7#aggi-ahfc7 was am ,american poet and author4 ,he lived in ,new ,york ,city1 where for many years he was engaged in educational work4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what picture do the first eight lines of this poem give you8 #b4 ,does this picture seem real to you8 #c4 ,of what were the children dreaming8 #d4 ,what word do you use instead of sugarplums8 #e4 ,what picture do you find in lines #g-aj1 page #if8 #f ,what is the next picture8 ,find the lines that make it4 #g4 ,to what is the swiftness of the reindeer compared8 #h4 ,what words show how lightly the reindeer flew through the air8 #i4 ,find the lines that picture ,st4 ,nicholas after he came down the chimney4 #aj4 ,which of all the pictures in the entire poem can you see most distinctly8 #aa4 ,which do you like best8 #ab4 ,what did you read in ,a ,forward ,look1 pages #hc-hf1 about the value of the home festivals8 ,what does a love of these festivals do for us8 ,what should we lose if we did not celebrate them8 #ac4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 clatter2 coursers2 hurricane2 obstacle2 twinkling2 tarnished2 encircled2 elf4 #ad4 ,pronounce3 miniature2 tiny2 chimney2 droll4 ,,our ,,country ,,and ,,its ,,flag ,,the ,,land ,,of ,,liberty 7,,author ,,unknown7 ,i love my country's pine-clad hills1 ,her thousand bright and gushing rills1 ,her sunshine and her storms2 ,her rough and rugged rocks1 that rear ,their hoary heads high in the air ,in wild1 fantastic forms4 ,i love her rivers1 deep and wide1 ,those mighty streams that seaward glide ,to seek the ocean's breast2 ,her smiling fields1 her pleasant vales1 ,her shady dells1 her flow'ry dales1 ,the haunts of peaceful rest4 ,i love her forests1 dark and lone1 ,for there the wild bird's merry tone ,i hear from morn till night2 ,and there are lovelier flowers1 ,i ween1 ,than e'er in ,eastern lands were seen1 ,in varied colors bright4 ,her forests and her valleys fair1 ,her flowers that scent the morning air-- ,all have their charms for me2 ,but more ,i love my country's name1 ,those words that echo deathless fame1 ,the ,land of ,liberty4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what parts of our country are noted for pine forests8 #b4 ,what things about ,america call forth the love of the poet8 #c4 ,does he have all parts of ,america in mind1 or some part that he knows well8 #d4 ,what name does he give ,america8 ,why does this echo deathless fame8 #e4 ,name one of the mighty streams that seaward glide4 #f4 ,what does the poet say makes the forests beautiful8 #g4 ,this poem is similar in many ways to the national hymn1 ,america4 ,compare it with the words of the hymn in as many ways as you can4 #h4 ,commit to memory the last three lines of the poem4 #i4 ,why is our country called ,the ,land of ,liberty8 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 gushing2 rills2 rugged2 rear2 vales2 dells2 lone2 ween4 #aa4 ,pronounce3 hoary2 fantastic2 haunts2 echo4 ,phrases for ,study pine-clad hills1 smiling fields1 fantastic forms1 flow'ry dales1 seaward glide1 ,eastern lands1 ocean's breast1 deathless fame4 ,,the ,,flag ,,of ,,our ,,country ,charles ,sumner ,there is the national flag4 ,he must be cold indeed who can look upon its folds1 rippling in the breeze1 without pride of country4 ,if he be in a foreign land1 the flag is companionship and country itself1 with all its endearments4 ,its highest beauty is in what it symbolizes4 ,it is because it represents all1 that all gaze at it with delight and reverence4 ,it is a piece of bunting lifted in the air2 but it speaks sublimely1 and every part has a voice4 ,its stripes of alternate red and white proclaim the original union of thirteen states to maintain the ,declaration of ,independence4 ,its stars of white on a field of blue proclaim that union of states constituting our national constellation1 which receives a new star with every new state4 ,the two together signify union past and present4 ,the very colors have a language which was officially recognized by our fathers4 ,white is for purity1 red for valor1 blue for justice2 and all together1 bunting1 stripes1 stars1 and colors1 blazing in the sky1 make the flag of our country to be cherished by all our hearts1 to be upheld by all our hands4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,charles ,sumner 7#ahaa-ahgd71 an ,american statesman and orator1 was born in ,boston1 ,massachusetts4 ,he became ,united ,states senator in #ahea4 ,the ,flag of ,our ,country is taken from an address delivered in #ahfg at ,cooper ,institute in ,new ,york4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,each paragraph in this selection has a separate message4 ,does the first paragraph fit ,america only1 or could an ,englishman say the same thing about his national flag1 and a ,frenchman of his8 ,what then is the thing that any flag represents to the citizen of the country to which he belongs8 #b4 ,what facts peculiar to ,america does the second paragraph give you8 #c4 ,how many stripes has the flag8 #d4 ,how many stars were in the first ,american flag8 ,how many are there now8 #e4 ,what is meant by union past and present8 #f4 ,white is for purity--in what way does this express the ideals of the founders of our country8 #g4 ,do you know the rules for the raising and lowering of the flag8 #h4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 rippling2 reverence2 bunting2 proclaim2 original2 maintain2 constituting2 valor2 cherished4 #i4 ,pronounce3 symbolizes2 sublimely2 alternate2 constellation4 ,phrases for ,study he must be cold1 national constellation1 all its endearments1 signify union1 speaks sublimely1 officially recognized1 every part has a voice1 blazing in the sky4 ,,the ,,name ,,of ,,old ,,glory #ahih ,james ,whitcomb ,riley ,i ,old ,glory6 say1 who1 ,by the ships and the crew1 ,and the long1 blended ranks of the gray and the blue1-- ,who gave you1 ,old ,glory1 the name that you bear ,with such pride everywhere ,as you cast yourself free to the rapturous air ,and leap out full-length1 as we're wanting you to8-- ,who gave you that name1 with the ring of the same1 ,and the honor and fame so becoming to you8-- ,your stripes stroked in ripples of white and of red1 ,with your stars at their glittering best overhead-- ,by day or by night ,their delightfulest light ,laughing down from their little square heaven of blue6-- ,who gave you the name of ,old ,glory8--say1 who-- ,who gave you the name of ,old ,glory8 ,the old banner lifted1 and altering then ,in vague lisps and whispers fell silent again4 ,,ii ,old ,glory1--speak out6--we are asking about ,how you happened to favor a name1 so to say1 ,that sounds so familiar and careless and gay ,as we cheer it and shout in our wild breezy way-- ,we--the crowd1 every man of us1 calling you that-- ,we--,tom1 ,dick1 and ,harry--each swinging his hat ,and hurrahing ,old ,glory6 like you were our kin1 ,when--,lord6--we all know we're as common as sin6 ,and yet it just seems like you humor us all ,and waft us your thanks1 as we hail you and fall ,into line1 with you over us1 waving us on ,where our glorified1 sanctified betters have gone1-- ,and this is the reason we're wanting to know-- 7,and we're wanting it so6-- ,where our own fathers went we are willing to go47-- ,who gave you the name of ,old ,glory--,o-ho6-- ,who gave you the name of ,old ,glory8 ,the old flag unfurled with a billowy thrill ,for an instant1 then wistfully sighed and was still4 ,,iii ,old ,glory3 the story we're wanting to hear ,is what the plain facts of your christening were1-- ,for your name--just to hear it4 ,repeat it1 and cheer it1 's a tang to the spirit ,as salty as a tear2-- ,and seeing you fly1 and the boys marching by1 ,there's a shout in the throat and a blur in the eye ,and an aching to live for you always--or die1 ,if1 dying1 we still keep you waving on high4 ,and so1 by our love ,for you1 floating above1 ,and the sears of all wars and the sorrows thereof1 ,who gave you the name of ,old ,glory1 and why ,are we thrilled at the name of ,old ,glory8 ,then the old banner leaped1 like a sail in the blast1 ,and fluttered an audible answer at last4-- ,,iv ,and it spake1 with a shake of the voice1 and it said3-- ,by the driven snow-white and the living blood-red ,of my bars1 and their heaven of stars overhead-- ,by the symbol conjoined of them all1 skyward cast1 ,as ,i float from the steeple1 or flap at the mast1 ,or droop o'er the sod where the long grasses nod1-- ,my name is as old as the glory of ,god4 444,so ,i came by the name of ,old ,glory4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,james ,whitcomb ,riley 7#aheb-aiaf7 was a native of ,indiana4 ,most of his life was spent in ,indianapolis1 where he lived on the quiet ,lockerbie ,street which he celebrated in one of his poems4 ,he is called ,the ,hoosier ,poet4 ,he wrote several volumes of poems1 the first being ,the ,old ,swimmin' ,hole and ',leven ,more ,poems4 ,the school children of ,indiana celebrated ,riley's birthday on ,october #g1 #aiaa1 and have each year since made this a festival day4 ,discussion4 ,because of the many figurative expressions used in this selection it should be read and studied in class4 ,,the ,,star-,,spangled ,,banner ,,francis ,,scott ,,key ,o say1 can you see1 by the dawn's early light1 ,what so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming8 ,whose broad stripes and bright stars1 through the perilous fight1 ,o'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming2 ,and the rockets' red glare1 the bombs bursting in air1 ,gave proof through the night that our flag was still there2 ,o say1 does that ,star-,spangled ,banner yet wave ,o'er the land of the free and the home of the brave8 ,on that shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep1 ,where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes1 ,what is that which the breeze1 o'er the towering steep1 ,as it fitfully blows1 now conceals1 now discloses8 ,now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam-- ,in full glory reflected now shines in the stream2 ',tis the ,star-,spangled ,banner2 ,o long may it wave ,o'er the land of the free and the home of the brave6 ,and where are the foes who so vauntingly swore ,that the havoc of war and the battle's confusion ,a home and a country should leave us no more8 ,their blood has washed out their foul footsteps' pollution4 ,no refuge could save the hireling and slave ,from the terror of flight1 or the gloom of the grave2 ,and the ,star-,spangled ,banner in triumph doth wave ,o'er the land of the free and the home of the brave6 ,o thus be it ever1 when freemen shall stand ,between their loved homes and the war desolation2 ,blest with victory and peace1 may the heav'n-rescued land ,praise the ,power that hath made and preserved us a nation6 ,then conquer we must1 for our cause it is just1 ,and this be our motto1 ,in ,god is our trust2 ,and the ,star-,spangled ,banner in triumph shall wave ,o'er the land of the free and the home of the brave6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biographical and ,historical ,note4 ,francis ,scott ,key 7#aghj-ahdc71 a native of ,maryland1 was a lawyer and poet4 ,his patriotic poem1 ,the ,star-,spangled ,banner1 which has become a national song1 made him famous4 ,the incidents referred to in this poem occurred during the ,war of #ahab4 ,in ,august1 #ahad1 a strong force of ,british entered ,washington and burned the ,capitol1 the ,white ,house1 and many other public buildings4 ,on ,september #ac1 the ,british admiral moved his fleet into position to attack ,fort ,mc,henry1 near ,baltimore4 ,the bombardment of the fort lasted all night1 but the fort was so bravely defended that the flag was still floating over it when morning came4 ,just before the bombardment began1 ,francis ,scott ,key was sent to the admiral's frigate to arrange for an exchange of prisoners1 and was told to wait until the bombardment was over4 ,all night he watched the fort1 and by the first rays of morning light he saw he ,stars and ,stripes still waving4 ,then1 in his joy and pride1 he wrote the stirring words of the song which is now known and loved by all ,americans--,the ,star-,spangled ,banner4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what lines in the poem are explained by the historical note above8 #b4 ,the poem expresses the love and reverence felt by patriots when the flag is endangered by the attacks of armed men in war4 ,what is said on page #hd about the danger to our country in a time of peace8 ,from what people8 ,can you do anything to prevent this danger8 #c4 ,where was the reflection of the flag seen8 #d4 ,what is the meaning of thus in line #a1 page #aje8 #e4 ,what land is the heav'n-rescued land8 #f4 ,what does the poet mean when he speaks of the ,power that hath made and preserved us a nation1 line #d1 page #aje8 #g4 ,find the words that must be our country's motto4 #h4 ,do you think this national song cheered the ,american soldiers in the recent ,world ,war8 #i4 ,explain why you think the picture on page #ih aptly illustrates ,our ,country and ,its ,flag4 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 dawn2 gleaming2 host2 discloses2 beam2 triumph4 #aa4 ,pronounce3 haughty2 vauntingly2 pollution2 hireling2 desolation4 ,phrases for ,study proudly we hailed1 fitfully blows1 gallantly streaming1 catches the gleam1 ,star-,spangled1 full glory reflected1 mists of the deep1 havoc of war1 dread silence reposes1 foul footsteps' pollution4 ,,the ,,boyhood ,,of ,,lincoln ,,elbridge ,s4 ,,brooks ,the future president of the ,united ,states was eight years old when he spent the winter with his father1 mother1 and sister in the half-faced camp on ,little ,pigeon ,creek4 ,it was indeed rough living in the ,lincoln home on ,little ,pigeon ,creek4 ,when he was good and ready1 the father1 ,thomas ,lincoln1 set about building a better shelter for his family than the forlorn half-faced camp4 ,the new building was not such a great improvement1 but it was more like a house4 ,it was a rough cabin of logs1 without door1 window1 or floor4 ,but it seemed so much better than the shanty in which they had been living that ,abraham felt quite princely4 ,his life was lonely enough in that wilderness2 but1 before many months1 he had company4 ,his ,uncle and ,aunt ,sparrow and his boy cousin1 ,dennis ,hanks came from ,kentucky to try their luck in ,indiana4 ,abraham's father gave them the old half-faced camp as a home1 and so the ,lincolns had near neighbors4 ,but before the winter set in1 there came sad days to both houses4 ,a terrible sickness--what we call an epidemic--visited that section of ,indiana4 ,many people died from it1 and among these were first1 ,uncle and ,aunt ,sparrow1 and then ,mrs4 ,lincoln1 the mother of ,abraham4 ,it was a poor kind of housekeeping they had in that shiftless home on ,little ,pigeon ,creek after the mother of the home had been taken away4 ,sarah1 the eldest child1 was only twelve2 ,abraham was but ten1 and little ,dennis ,hanks was eight4 ,sarah tried to keep house2 and her father1 in his careless way1 tried to help her4 ,but about all they could do was to keep from going hungry4 ,deer-meat broiled on the coals of the wood-fire1 ash-cakes made of cornmeal1 with now and then a slab of pork1 was their only bill of fare4 ,about all the pleasure ,abraham found when he was not trying to keep from being cold and hungry1 was in his books4 ,how many do you think he had8 ,just three3 the ,bible1 ,aesop's ,fables1 and ,the ,pilgrim's ,progress4 ,think of that1 you boys and girls who have more books than you can read1 and for whom the printing presses are always hard at work4 ,the boy knew these three books almost by heart4 ,he could repeat whole chapters of the ,bible1 many parts of ,the ,pilgrim's ,progress1 and every one of ,aesop's ,fables2 and he never forgot them4 ,thomas ,lincoln knew that the uncomfortable state of affairs in his log cabin could not long continue1 or his home1 such as it was1 would go to ruin4 ,so one day he bade the children good-by and told them he was going back to ,kentucky on a visit4 ,he was away for three weeks2 but when he returned from his ,kentucky visit in ,december1 #ahai1 he brought back a new wife to look after his home and be a mother to his motherless children4 ,mrs4 ,lincoln seemed to take an especial liking to the little ten-year-old ,abraham4 ,she saw something in the boy that made her feel sure that a little guidance would do wonders for him4 ,having first made him clean and comfortable1 she next made him intelligent1 bright1 and good4 ,she managed to send him to school for a few months4 ,the little log schoolhouse1 close to the meeting-house1 to which the traveling schoolmaster would come to give four weeks' schooling1 was scarcely high enough for a man to stand straight in2 it had holes for windows and greased paper to take the place of glass4 ,but in such a place ,abraham ,lincoln got his schooling for a few weeks only in reading1 writing1 and ciphering2 here he was again and again head of his class2 and here he spelled down all the big boys and girls in the exciting contests called spelling matches4 ,he became a great reader4 ,he read every book and newspaper he could get hold of1 and if he came across anything in his reading that he wished to remember1 he would copy it on a shingle1 because writing paper was scarce1 and either learn it by heart or hide the shingle away until he could get some paper to copy it on4 ,lamps and candles were almost unknown in his home1 and ,abraham1 flat on his stomach1 would often do his reading1 writing1 and ciphering in the firelight1 as it flashed and flickered on the big hearth of his log-cabin home4 ,one day ,abraham found that a man for whom he sometimes worked owned a copy of ,weems's ,life of ,washington4 ,this was a famous book in its day4 ,abraham borrowed it at once4 ,when he was not reading it1 he put it away on a shelf--a clapboard resting on wooden pins4 ,there was a big crack between the log behind the shelf1 and one rainy day the ,life of ,washington fell into the crack and was soaked almost into pulp4 ,young ,abraham went at once to the owner of the book and1 after telling him of the accident promised to work the book out4 ,the old farmer kept him so strictly to his promise that he made him pull fodder for the cattle three days as payment for the book4 ,and that is the way that ,abraham ,lincoln bought his first book4 ,for he dried the ,life of ,washington and put it in his library4 ,what boy or girl of today would like to buy books at such a price8 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,elbridge ,s4 ,brooks 7#ahdf-aijb7 was a native of ,massachusetts4 ,he was always interested in stories of history1 for his mother descended from the ,monroes1 who fought bravely at ,lexington4 ,he was for a time one of the editors of ,st4 ,nicholas4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what were the hardships suffered by the young ,lincoln in the ,indiana wilderness8 #b4 ,what do you learn about ,lincoln's reading8 ,about his school life8 #c4 ,what was the first book ,lincoln owned1 and how did he get it8 #d4 ,what do you suppose ,lincoln learned from the life of ,washington8 #e4 ,how did ,lincoln fix in his memory things that he wished to remember8 #f4 ,what characteristics of the boy help to explain why he afterwards became such a great man8 #g4 ,you will enjoy reading ,the ,true ,story of ,lincoln1 from which this selection is taken4 #h4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 forlorn2 shanty2 princely2 wilderness2 epidemic2 shiftless2 ash-cakes2 slab2 guidance2 ciphering2 clapboard2 pulp4 #i4 ,pronounce3 ,aesop2 bade4 ,phrases for ,study half-faced camp1 spelled down1 uncomfortable state1 work the book out1 traveling schoolmaster1 pull fodder4 ,,washington ,,with ,,general ,,braddock ,,elbridge ,s4 ,,brooks ,the ,king of ,england and his advisers determined to make a stand in ,america against the ,french4 ,so they sent over two regiments of ,british troops under command of a brave soldier whose name was ,braddock1 and told him to get what help he could in ,virginia and drive out the ,french4 ,general ,braddock came to ,virginia with his splendid-looking fighting men4 ,when he had studied the situation there1 one of the first things he did was to ask ,colonel ,george ,washington of ,mount ,vernon to come with him as one of his chief assistants4 ,washington at once accepted4 ,he saw that now the ,king of ,england meant business1 and that if ,general ,braddock were as wise as he was brave1 the trouble in the ,ohio country might be speedily ended and the ,french driven out4 ,but when he had joined ,general ,braddock1 he discovered that that brave but obstinate leader thought that battles were to be fought in ,america just the same as in ,europe1 and that soldiers could be marched against such forest-fighters as the ,french and ,indians as if they were going on a parade4 ,washington did all he could to advise caution4 ,it was of no use1 however4 ,general ,braddock said that he was a soldier and knew how to fight1 and that he did not wish for any advice from these ,americans who had never seen a real battle4 ,at last everything was ready1 and in ,july1 #agee1 the army1 led by ,general ,braddock1 marched off to attack ,fort ,duquesne1 which the ,french had built at ,pittsburgh4 ,washington had worked so hard to get things ready that he was sick in bed with fever when the soldiers started2 but1 without waiting to get well1 he hurried after them and caught up with them on the ninth of ,july1 at a ford on the ,monongahela1 fifteen miles from ,fort ,duquesne4 ,the ,british troops1 in full uniform1 and in regular order as if they were to drill before the ,king1 marched straight on in splendid array4 ,washington thought it the most beautiful show he had ever seen2 but he said to the general3 ,do not let the soldiers march into the woods like that4 ,the ,frenchmen and the ,indians may even now be hiding behind the trees ready to shoot us down4 ,let me send some men ahead to see where they are1 and let some of our ,virginians who are used to fighting in the forest go before to clear them away4 ,but ,general ,braddock told him to mind his own business1 and marched on as gallantly as ever4 ,suddenly1 just as they reached a narrow part of the road1 where the woods were all about them1 the ,frenchmen and ,indians who were waiting for them behind the great trees and underbrush opened fire upon the ,british troops1 and there came just such a dreadful time as ,washington had feared4 ,but even now ,braddock would not give in4 ,his soldiers must fight as they had been drilled to fight in ,europe2 and when the ,virginians who were with him tried to fight as they had been accustomed to1 he called them cowards and ordered them to form in line4 ,it was all over very soon4 ,the ,british soldiers1 fired upon from all sides and scarcely able to see where their enemies were1 became frightened1 huddled together1 and made all the better marks for the bullets of the ,french and ,indians hiding among the trees and bushes4 ,then ,general ,braddock fell from his horse1 mortally wounded2 his splendidly-drilled redcoats broke into panic1 turned1 and ran away2 and only the coolness of ,washington and the ,virginia forest-fighters who were with him saved the entire army from being cut to pieces4 ,washington fought like a hero4 ,two horses that he rode were killed while he kept in the saddle2 his coat was shot through and through1 and it seemed as if he would be killed any moment4 ,but he kept on fighting1 caring nothing for danger4 ,he tried to turn back the fleeing ,british troops2 he tried to bring back the cannon1 and1 when the gunners ran away1 he leaped from his horse and aimed and fired the cannon himself4 ,then with his ,virginians1 that ,braddock had so despised as soldiers1 he protected the rear of the retreating army1 carried off the dying general and1 cool and collected in the midst of all the terrible things that were happening1 saved the ,british army from slaughter1 buried poor ,general ,braddock in the ,virginia woods1 and finally brought back to the settlements what was left of that splendid army of the ,king4 ,he was the only man in all that time of disaster who came out of the fight with glory and renown4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,tell what you can of the contest for territory in ,america between the ,french and the ,english4 #b4 ,who was ,general ,braddock and for what was he sent to ,america8 #c4 ,compare ,washington and ,general ,braddock in as many ways as you can4 #d4 ,why did ,washington do all he could to help ,general ,braddock in spite of the fact that he knew ,braddock was not acting wisely8 #e4 ,how did ,washington gain glory from the engagement8 #f4 ,what are you told on page #hd about the value to us of studying the lives of great ,americans8 ,what do you owe to ,washington and ,lincoln8 #g4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 advisers2 situation2 caution2 ford2 array2 gallantly2 huddled2 collected2 disaster2 renown4 #h4 ,pronounce3 ,duquesne2 ,monongahela2 mortally2 wounded4 ,,service ,,somebody',s ,,mother 7,,author ,,unknown7 ,the woman was old and ragged and gray ,and bent with the chill of the winter's day4 ,the street was wet with the recent snow1 ,and the woman's feet were aged and slow4 ,she stood at the crossing and waited long ,alone1 uncared for1 amid the throng ,of human beings who passed her by1 ,nor heeded the glance of her anxious eye4 ,down the street with laughter and shout4 ,glad in the freedom of school let out1 ,came the boys like a flock of sheep1 ,hailing the snow piled white and deep4 ,past the woman so old and gray ,hastened the children on their way1 ,nor offered a helping hand to her1 ,so meek1 so timid1 afraid to stir1 ,lest the carriage wheels or the horses' feet ,should crowd her down in the slippery street4 ,at last came one of the merry troop1 ,the gayest laddie of all the group2 ,he paused beside her and whispered low1 ,i'll help you across if you wish to go4 ,her aged hand on his strong young arm ,she placed1 and so1 without hurt or harm1 ,he guided her trembling feet along1 ,proud that his own were firm and strong4 ,then back again to his friends he went1 ,his young heart happy and well content4 ,she's somebody's mother1 boys1 you know1 ,for all she's aged and poor and slow2 ,and ,i hope some fellow will lend a hand ,to help my mother1 you understand1 ,if ever she's poor and old and gray1 ,when her own dear boy is far away4 ,and somebody's mother bowed low her head ,in her home that night1 and the prayer she said ,was1 ,god be kind to the noble boy ,who is somebody's son and pride and joy4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,here is a story about a boy who saw a chance to do a service and did it2 how was he different from his companions8 #b4 ,what were they interested in8 #c4 ,wasn't he also eager to do what they did8 #d4 ,why did he stop and help the old woman8 #e4 ,how did the woman feel toward the boy8 #f4 ,how do you think his own mother would have felt if she had seen him8 #g4 ,why is this incident a splendid example of service8 ,how was this boy doing his part as a good citizen8 ,,the ,,leak ,,in ,,the ,,dike ,,phoebe ,,cary ,the good dame looked from her cottage ,at the close of the pleasant day1 ,and cheerily called to her little son ,outside the door at play3 ,come1 ,peter1 come6 ,i want you to go1 ,while there is light to see1 ,to the hut of the blind old man who lives ,across the dike1 for me2 ,and take these cakes ,i made for him-- ,they are hot and smoking yet2 ,you have time enough to go and come ,before the sun is set4 ,and ,peter left the brother ,with whom all day he had played1 ,and the sister who had watched their sports ,in the willow's tender shade2 ,and told them they'd see him back before ,they saw a star in sight1 ,though he wouldn't be afraid to go ,in the very darkest night6 ,for he was a brave1 bright fellow ,with eye and conscience clear2 ,he could do whatever a boy might do1 ,and he had not learned to fear4 ,and now with his face all glowing ,and eyes as bright as the day ,with the thoughts of his pleasant errand1 ,he trudged along the way2 ,and soon his joyous prattle ,made glad a lonesome place-- ,alas6 if only the blind old man ,could have seen that happy face6 ,yet he somehow caught the brightness ,which his voice and presence lent2 ,and he felt the sunshine come and go ,as ,peter came and went4 ,and now as the day was sinking1 ,and the winds began to rise1 ,the mother looked from her door again1 ,shading her anxious eyes1 ,and saw the shadows deepen ,and birds to their homes come back1 ,but never a sign of ,peter ,along the level track4 ,but she said3 ,he will come at morning1 ,so ,i need not fret or grieve-- ,though it isn't like my boy at all ,to stay without my leave4 ,but where was the child delaying8 ,on the homeward way was he2 ,and across the dike while the sun was up ,an hour above the sea2 ,he was stopping now to gather flowers1 ,now listening to the sound1 ,as the angry waters dashed themselves ,against their narrow bound4 ,ah6 well for us1 said ,peter1 ,that the gates are good and strong1 ,and my father tends them carefully1 ,or they would not hold you long6 ,you're a wicked sea1 said ,peter2 ,i know why you fret and chafe2 ,you would like to spoil our land and homes2 ,but our sluices keep you safe4 ,but hark6 through the noise of waters ,comes a low1 clear1 trickling sound2 ,and the child's face pales with terror1 ,and his blossoms drop to the ground4 ,he is up the bank in a moment ,and1 stealing through the sand ,he sees a stream not yet so large ,as his slender childish hand4 ',tis a leak in the dike6 ,he is but a boy1 ,unused to fearful scenes2 ,but1 young as he is1 he has learned to know ,the dreadful thing that means4 ,a leak in the dike6 ,the stoutest heart ,grows faint that cry to hear4 ,and the bravest man in all the land ,turns white with mortal fear1 ,for he knows the smallest leak may grow ,to a flood in a single night2 ,and he knows the strength of the cruel sea ,when loosed in its angry might4 ,and the boy6 he has seen the danger ,and1 shouting a wild alarm1 ,he forces back the weight of the sea ,with the strength of his single arm6 ,he listens for the joyful sound ,of a footstep passing nigh2 ,and lays his ear to the ground1 to catch ,the answer to his cry4 ,and he hears the rough winds blowing1 ,and the waters rise and fall1 ,but never an answer comes to him ,save the echo of his call4 ,so1 faintly calling and crying ,till the sun is under the sea1 ,crying and moaning till the stars ,come out for company1 ,he thinks of his brother and sister1 ,asleep in their safe warm bed2 ,he thinks of his father and mother1 ,of himself as dying--and dead2 ,and of how1 when the night is over1 ,they must come and find him at last2 ,but he never thinks he can leave the place ,where duty holds him fast4 ,the good dame in the cottage ,is up and astir with the light1 ,for the thought of her little ,peter ,has been with her all the night4 ,and now she watches the pathway1 ,as yester eve she had done2 ,but what does she see so strange and black ,against the rising sun8 ,her neighbors are bearing between them ,something straight to her door2 ,her child is coming home1 but not ,as he ever came before6 ,he is dead6 she cries2 thy darling6 ,and the startled father hears1 ,and comes and looks the way she looks1 ,and fears the thing she fears2 ,till a glad shout from the bearers ,thrills the stricken man and wife-- ,give thanks1 for your son has saved our land1 ,and ,god has saved his life6 ,so1 there in the morning sunshine ,they knelt about the boy2 ,and every head was bared and bent ,in tearful1 reverent joy4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,phoebe ,cary 7#ahbd-ahga7 was an ,american poet4 ,she was born in ,cincinnati and lived with her sister1 ,alice1 in ,new ,york ,city4 ,she wrote many poems of beauty and charm1 but none is more widely read than ,the ,leak in the ,dike4 ,note4 ,a large part of ,holland consists of meadow-land so low and flat that the sea would overflow it during high tide if it were not protected1 partly by natural sand hills but more by a wonderful system of diking4 ,the dikes are long mounds1 or thick walls1 of earth and stone1 broad at the base and gradual in slope4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what purpose do the dikes of ,holland serve8 #b4 ,there were no ,boy ,scouts in those days1 but here is a story of a boy who would have been a good member of the ,scouts4 ,why8 #c4 ,what service did ,peter's mother call him to render8 #d4 ,had he done such things before8 #e4 ,how did the blind man think of ,peter8 #f4 ,how did ,peter find the danger8 #g4 ,what would many boys have done8 #h4 ,how did he stop the leak in the dike8 #i4 ,what would have happened if he had grown afraid1 or tired8 #aj4 ,peter saw a duty to be performed and was brave enough to do it1 though it was not easy1 and might have cost him his life4 ,what were the results of his quick wit and courage8 #aa4 ,how was ,peter doing his part as a good citizen8 #ab4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 prattle2 presence2 anxious2 trickling2 stoutest2 save2 astir2 yester2 stricken4 #ac4 ,pronounce3 chafe2 sluices2 loosed4 ,phrases for ,study narrow bound1 sun is under the sea1 mortal fear1 duty holds him fast4 ,,casablanca ,,felicia ,,dorothea ,,hemans ,the boy stood on the burning deck ,whence all but him had fled2 ,the flame that lit the battle's wreck ,shone round him o'er the dead4 ,yet1 beautiful and bright he stood1 ,as born to rule the storm-- ,a creature of heroic blood1 ,a proud1 though childlike1 form4 ,the flames rolled on--he would not go ,without his father's word2 ,that father1 faint in death below1 ,his voice no longer heard4 ,he called aloud3 ,say1 father1 say ,if yet my task is done6 ,he knew not that the chieftain lay ,unconscious of his son4 ,speak1 father6 once again he cried1 ,if ,i may yet be gone6 ,and but the booming shots replied1 ,and fast the flames rolled on4 ,upon his brow he felt their breath1 ,and in his waving hair1 ,and looked from that lone post of death ,in still1 yet brave1 despair2 ,and shouted but once more aloud1 ,my father6 must ,i stay8 ,while o'er him fast1 through sail and shroud1 ,the wreathing fires made way4 ,they wrapped the ship in splendor wild1 ,they caught the flag on high1 ,and streamed above the gallant child ,like banners in the sky4 ,there came a burst of thunder sound-- ,the boy--oh6 where was he8 ,ask of the winds that far around ,with fragments strewed the sea-- ,with mast1 and helm1 and pennon fair4 ,that well had borne their part2 ,but the noblest thing which perished there ,was that young1 faithful heart6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biographical and ,historical ,note4 ,felicia ,hemans1 7#agic-ahce71 an ,english poet1 was born in ,liverpool1 but spent much of her life in ,north ,wales4 ,casabianca and ,the ,landing of the ,pilgrims are her best known poems4 ,the hero of this poem was the son of ,louis ,casabianca1 the captain of ,l',orient1 the flagship of the fleet that carried ,napoleon ,bonaparte and his army to ,egypt4 ,the incident narrated in this poem occurred during the ,battle of the ,nile4 ,the powder magazine exploded1 the ship was burned1 and the captain1 and his son perished4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,how did it happen that the boy was alone on the burning deck8 #b4 ,find two lines in the third stanza that tell how the boy showed his faithfulness and his heroic blood4 #c4 ,why is his father called the chieftain8 #d4 ,what did the boy ask his father8 #e4 ,why did he remain in such great danger when he might have saved himself8 #f4 ,what was it that wrapped the ship in splendor wild8 #g4 ,what made the burst of thunder sound8 #h4 ,what things are mentioned as fragments which strewed the sea8 #i4 ,why is it good for us to read such a poem as this8 #aj4 ,what service did ,casabianca do for all of us8 #aa4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 chieftain2 unconscious2 booming2 despair2 fragments2 pennon4 #ab4 ,pronounce3 heroic2 shroud2 helm4 ,phrases for ,study born to rule the storm1 wreathing fires1 heroic blood1 splendor wild1 lone post of death1 borne their part4 ,,tubal ,,cain ,charles ,mac,kay ,old ,tubal ,cain was a man of might ,in the days when the earth was young2 ,by the fierce red light of his furnace bright ,the strokes of his hammer rung2 ,and he lifted high his brawny hand ,on the iron glowing clear4 ,till the sparks rushed out in scarlet showers1 ,as he fashioned the sword and spear4 ,and he sang1 ,hurrah for my handiwork6 ,hurrah for the spear and sword6 ,hurrah for the hand that shall wield them well6 ,for he shall be king and lord4 ,to ,tubal ,cain came many a one4 ,as he wrought by his roaring fire4 ,and each one prayed for a strong steel blade1 ,as the crown of his desire2 ,and he made them weapons1 sharp and strong1 ,till they shouted loud in glee4 ,and gave him gifts of pearls and gold1 ,and spoils of forest free4 ,and they sang1 ,hurrah for ,tubal ,cain1 ,who hath given us strength anew6 ,hurrah for the smith6 hurrah for the fire6 ,and hurrah for the metal true6 ,but a sudden change came o'er his heart ,ere the setting of the sun1 ,and ,tubal ,cain was filled with pain ,for the evil he had done4 ,he saw that men1 with rage and hate1 ,made war upon their kind2 ,that the land was red with the blood they shed ,in their lust for carnage1 blind4 ,and he said1 ,alas1 that ever ,i made1 ,or that skill of mine should plan1 ,the spear and the sword for men whose joy ,is to slay their fellow-man6 ,and for many a day old ,tubal ,cain ,sat brooding o'er his woe2 ,and his hand forbore to smite the ore1 ,and his furnace smoldered low2 ,but he rose at last with a cheerful face ,and a bright1 courageous eye1 ,and bared his strong right arm for work1 ,while the quick flames mounted high2 ,and he sang1 ,hurrah for my handiwork6 ,and the red sparks lit the air-- ,not alone for the blade was the bright steel made-- ,and he fashioned the first plowshare4 ,and men1 taught wisdom from the past1 ,in friendship joined their hands1 ,hung the sword in the hall1 the spear on the wall1 ,and plowed the willing lands2 ,and sang1 ,hurrah for ,tubal ,cain6 ,our stanch good friend is he4 ,and1 for the plowshare and the plow1 ,to him our praise shall be4 ,but1 while oppression lifts its head1 ,or a tyrant would be lord1 ,though we may thank him for the plow1 ,we'll not forget the sword4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,charles ,mackay 7#ahad-ahhi7 was a ,scotch poet4 ,for some years he was editor of the ,glasgow ,argus1 and afterwards he became editor of the ,illustrated ,london ,news4 ,during the ,civil ,war he was the special correspondent of the ,london ,times at ,new ,york4 ,he wrote many poems of interest to young people4 ,historical ,note4 ,tubal ,cain was one of the sons of ,lamech1 a descendant of ,cain4 ,he was an instructor of every artificer in brass and iron1 that is1 he was the first smith4 ,all that we really know of his history is given in the fourth chapter of ,genesis4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what did ,tubal ,cain first make on his forge8 #b4 ,why did he think that his work was good8 #c4 ,what did men say about him8 #d4 ,how did ,tubal ,cain feel when he saw what men were doing with the products of his forge8 #e4 ,what did he do then8 #f4 ,what made his face cheerful at last8 #g4 ,is it better to make instruments of war or tools for industry8 #h4 ,why was ,tubal ,cain happy when he made plows8 #i4 ,was he working for money1 or for service8 #aj4 ,explain the last four lines4 #aa4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 fashioned2 handiwork2 wrought2 anew2 lust2 brooding2 forbore2 plowshare4 #ab4 ,pronounce3 hurrah2 wield2 carnage2 smoldered2 stanch4 ,phrases for ,study man of might1 smite the ore1 earth was young1 taught wisdom from the past1 crown of his desire1 spoils of forest free1 willing lands1 metal true1 oppression lifts its head1 upon their kind1 tyrant would be lord1 whose joy is to slay4 ,,the ,,inchcape ,,rock ,,robert ,,southey ,no stir in the air1 no stir in the sea2 ,the ship was still as she could be2 ,her sails from ,heaven received no motion2 ,her keel was steady in the ocean4 ,without either sign or sound of their shock1 ,the waves flowed over the ,inchcape ,rock2 ,so little they rose1 so little they fell1 ,they did not move the ,inchcape ,bell4 ,the holy ,abbot of ,aberbrothok ,had placed that bell on the ,inchcape ,rock2 ,on a buoy in the storm it floated and swung1 ,and over the waves its warning rung4 ,when the rock was hid by the surge's swell1 ,the mariners heard the warning bell2 ,and then they knew the perilous rock ,and blessed the ,abbot of ,aberbrothok4 ,the sun in heaven was shining gay2 ,all things were joyful on that day2 ,the sea-birds screamed as they wheeled around1 ,and there was joyance in their sound4 ,the buoy of the ,inchcape ,bell was seen1 ,a darker speck on the ocean green2 ,sir ,ralph the ,rover walked his deck1 ,and he fixed his eye on the darker speck4 ,he felt the cheering power of spring2 ,it made him whistle1 it made him sing2 ,his heart was mirthful to excess1 ,but the ,rover's mirth was wickedness4 ,his eye was on the ,inchcape float2 ,quoth he1 ,my men1 put out the boat ,and row me to the ,inchcape ,rock1 ,and ,i'll plague the ,abbot of ,aberbrothok4 ,the boat is lowered1 the boatmen row1 ,and to the ,inchcape ,rock they go2 ,sir ,ralph bent over from the boat1 ,and he cut the bell from the ,inchcape float4 ,down sank the bell1 with a gurgling sound2 ,the bubbles rose and burst around2 ,quoth ,sir ,ralph1 ,the next who comes to the ,rock ,won't bless the ,abbot of ,aberbrothok6 ,sir ,ralph the ,rover sailed away2 ,he scoured the seas for many a day2 ,and now grown rich with plundered store1 ,he steers his course for ,scotland's shore4 ,so thick a haze o'erspreads the sky ,they cannot see the sun on high2 ,the wind hath blown a gale all day2 ,at evening it hath died away4 ,on the deck the ,rover takes his stand2 ,so dark it is they see no land4 ,quoth ,sir ,ralph1 ,it will be lighter soon1 ,for there is dawn of the rising moon4 ,canst hear1 said one1 the breakers roar8 ,for methinks we should be near the shore4 ,now where we are ,i cannot tell1 ,but ,i wish ,i could hear the ,inchcape ,bell4 ,they hear no sound2 the swell is strong2 ,though the wind hath fallen1 they drift along ,till the vessel strikes with a shivering shock-- ,o ,christ6 it is the ,inchcape ,rock6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biographical and ,historical ,note4 ,robert ,southey 7#aggd-ahdc7 was an ,english poet4 ,from #ahac until his death he was ,poet ,laureate of ,england4 ,bell ,rock1 or ,inchcape1 is a reef of red sandstone near the ,firth of ,tay1 on the east coast of ,scotland4 ,at the time of the spring tides part of the reef is uncovered to the height of four feet4 ,because so many vessels were wrecked upon these rocks the ,abbot of ,aberbrothok is said to have placed a bell there1 fixed upon a tree or timber1 which rang continually1 being moved by the sea4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what picture do you see when you read the first stanza8 ,the second stanza8 #b4 ,this story tells about a man who failed4 ,you have read about ,peter's heroism and the lives he saved1 about the service a schoolboy rendered to a poor old woman1 about a blacksmith who joyously made the tools by which men raised fruit and grain for food1 and about a boy who was faithful to orders1 even though it cost his life4 ,here you see how men sometimes try to make of no effect all the good deeds that others perform4 #c4 ,the ,abbot of ,aberbrothok was a man who lived up to the ideal of service2 how did he do this1 and why did men bless him8 #d4 ,ralph the ,rover was a pirate2 why did he destroy the bell8 #e4 ,all the others in the stories you have read1 boys and men1 thought less of themselves than of others2 of what did ,ralph think8 #f4 ,is a merchant who raises the price of food as high as he can1 who makes huge profits while others suffer or starve1 any better than ,ralph the ,rover8 #g4 ,what test of loyalty to our country1 would prove such a man to be a bad citizen8 #h4 ,ralph was a free man--what did liberty mean to him8 #i4 ,what happened to ,ralph the ,rover8 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 keel2 abbot2 perilous2 joyance2 breakers2 methinks4 #aa4 ,pronounce3 buoy2 mariners2 excess2 scoured4 ,phrases for ,study sound of their shock1 mirthful to excess1 surge's swell1 plague the ,abbot1 cheering power of spring1 plundered store4 ,,my ,,boyhood ,,on ,,the ,,prairie ,,hamlin ,,garland ,the cabin faced a level plain with no tree in sight4 ,a mile away to the west stood a low stone house1 and immediately in front of us opened a half-section of unfenced sod4 ,to the north1 as far as ,i could see1 the land billowed like a russet ocean1 with scarcely a roof to fleck its lonely spread4 ,i cannot say that ,i liked or disliked it4 ,i merely marveled at it2 and while ,i wandered about the yard1 the hired man scorched some cornmeal mush in a skillet1 and this1 with some butter and gingerbread1 made up my first breakfast in ,mitchell ,county4 ,for a few days my brother and ,i had little to do other than to keep the cattle from straying1 and we used our leisure in becoming acquainted with the region round about4 ,to the south the sections were nearly all settled upon1 for in that direction lay the county town2 but to the north and on into ,minnesota rolled the unplowed sod1 the feeding ground of the cattle1 the home of foxes and wolves1 and to the west1 just beyond the highest ridges1 we loved to think the bison might still be seen4 ,the cabin on this rented farm was a mere shanty1 a shell of pine boards1 which needed reinforcing to make it habitable1 and one day my father said1 ,well1 ,hamlin1 ,i guess you'll have to run the plow-team this fall4 ,i must help neighbor ,button reinforce the house1 and ,i can't afford to hire another man4 ,this seemed a fine commission for a lad of ten1 and ,i drove my horses into the field that first morning with a manly pride which added an inch to my stature4 ,i took my initial round at a land which stretched from one side of the quarter section to the other1 in confident mood4 ,i was grown up6 ,but alas6 ,my sense of elation did not last long4 ,to guide a team for a few minutes as an experiment was one thing--to plow all day like a hired hand was another4 ,it was not a chore2 it was a job4 ,it meant moving to and fro hour after hour1 day after day1 with no one to talk to but the horses4 ,it meant trudging eight or nine miles in the forenoon and as many more in the afternoon1 with less than an hour off at noon4 ,it meant dragging the heavy implement around the corners1 and it meant also many shipwrecks2 for the thick1 wet stubble often threw the share completely out of the ground1 making it necessary for me to halt the team and jerk the heavy plow backward for a new start4 ,although strong and active1 ,i was rather short1 even for a ten-year-old1 and to reach the plow handles ,i was obliged to lift my hands above my shoulders2 and so with the guiding lines crossed over my back and my worn straw hat bobbing just above the cross-brace ,i must have made a comical figure4 ,at any rate nothing like it had been seen in the neighborhood2 and the people on the road to town1 looking across the field1 laughed and called to me1 and neighbor ,button said to my father in my hearing1 ,that chap's too young to run a plow1 a judgment which pleased and flattered me greatly4 ,harriet cheered me by running out occasionally to meet me as ,i turned the nearest corner1 and sometimes ,frank consented to go all the way around1 chatting breathlessly as he trotted along behind4 ,at other times he brought me a cookie and a glass of milk1 a deed which helped to shorten the forenoon4 ,and yet plowing became tedious4 ,the flies were savage1 especially in the middle of the day1 and the horses1 tortured by their lances1 drove badly1 twisting and turning in their rage4 ,their tails were continually getting over the lines1 and in stopping to kick their tormentors they often got astride the traces1 and in other ways made trouble for me4 ,only in the early morning or when the sun sank low at night were they able to move quietly along their way4 ,the soil was the kind my father had been seeking1 a smooth1 dark1 sandy loam1 which made it possible for a lad to do the work of a man4 ,often the share would go the entire round without striking a root or a pebble as big as a walnut1 the steel running steadily with a crisp1 crunching1 ripping sound which ,i rather liked to hear4 ,in truth1 the work would have been quite tolerable had it not been so long drawn out4 ,ten hours of it1 even on a fine day1 made about twice too many for a boy4 ,meanwhile ,i cheered myself in every imaginable way4 ,i whistled4 ,i sang4 ,i studied the clouds4 ,i gnawed the beautiful red skin from the seed vessels which hung upon the wild rose bushes1 and ,i counted the prairie chickens as they began to come together in winter flocks1 running through the stubble in search of food4 ,i stopped now and again to examine the lizards unhoused by the share1 and ,i measured the little granaries of wheat which the mice and gophers had deposited deep under the ground1 storehouses which the plow had violated4 ,my eyes dwelt enviously upon the sailing hawk and on the passing of ducks4 ,the occasional shadowy figure of a prairie wolf made me wish for ,uncle ,david and his rifle4 ,on certain days nothing could cheer me4 ,when the bitter wind blew from the north1 and the sky was filled with wild geese racing southward with swiftly-hurrying clouds1 winter seemed about to spring upon me4 ,the horses' tails streamed in the wind4 ,flurries of snow covered me with clinging flakes1 and the mud gummed my boots and trouser legs1 clogging my steps4 ,at such times ,i suffered from cold and loneliness--all sense of being a man evaporated4 ,i was just a little boy1 longing for the leisure of boyhood4 ,day after day1 through the month of ,october and deep into ,november1 ,i followed that team1 turning over two acres of stubble each day4 ,i would not believe this without proof1 but it is true6 ,at last it grew so cold that in the early morning everything was white with frost1 and ,i was obliged to put one hand in my pocket to keep it warm1 while holding the plow with the other2 but ,i didn't mind this so much1 for it hinted at the close of autumn4 ,i've no doubt facing the wind in this way was excellent discipline1 but ,i didn't think it necessary then1 and my heart was sometimes bitter and rebellious4 ,my father did not intend to be severe4 ,as he had always been an early riser and a busy toiler1 it seemed perfectly natural and good discipline that his sons should also plow and husk corn at ten years of age4 ,he often told of beginning life as a bound boy at nine1 and these stories helped me to perform my own tasks without whining4 ,at last there came a morning when by striking my heel upon the ground ,i convinced my boss that the soil was frozen4 ,all right1 he said2 you may lay off this forenoon4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,hamlin ,garland 7#ahfj-aidj7 was born in ,wisconsin4 ,his father was a farmer-pioneer1 who was always eager to be on the border line of the farming country2 consequently1 he moved from ,wisconsin to ,minnesota1 from ,minnesota to ,iowa1 and from ,iowa to ,dakota4 ,the hope of cheaper land1 better soil1 and bigger crops led him on4 ,when ,hamlin ,garland turned his attention to literature1 he decided to write truthfully of the western farmer's life and its great hardships in pioneer days1 as well as its hopes and joys4 ,in ,a ,son of the ,middle ,border1 an autobiography1 from which ,my ,boyhood on the ,prairie is taken1 he has given a most interesting record of experiences in the development of the ,middle ,west4 ,mitchell ,county1 where this scene is laid1 is in ,iowa4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,describe the boy's new home4 #b4 ,what work did the boy have to do8 #c4 ,in what spirit did he start the plowing8 #d4 ,why did his sense of elation soon disappear8 #e4 ,was his task harder than that of ,peter or of the boy who helped ,somebody's ,mother8 #f4 ,must a boy do some marvelous thing to be a hero8 #g4 ,how did the boy try to keep himself in good cheer8 #h4 ,in ,the ,world of ,nature1 ,a ,forward ,look you are told that if you have eyes to see1 the world of ,nature is a fairyland4 ,why do you think this boy had eyes to see8 ,find your answer by reading the last two lines on page #aca and the first ten lines on page #acb4 #i4 ,what made him wish for freedom8 #aj4 ,class reading3 ,page #aca1 line #h1 to the end of the story4 #aa4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story briefly1 using these topics3 7a7 the region and the cabin2 7b7 what plowing meant to a boy2 7c7 how the boy was cheered4 #ab4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 marveled2 scorched2 skillet2 ridges2 reinforcing2 habitable2 commission2 stature2 implement2 stubble2 share2 cross-brace2 judgment2 tormentors2 tolerable2 unhoused2 deposited2 clog ging2 evaporated4 #ac4 ,pronounce3 chore2 tedious2 loam2 imaginable2 gopher2 leisure4 ,phrases for ,study billowed like a russet ocean1 guiding lines1 fleck its lonely spread1 tortured by their lances1 county town1 astride the traces1 initial round1 go the entire round1 confident mood1 plow had violated1 sense of elation1 bound boy4 ,,woodman1 ,,spare ,,that ,,tree ,,george ,p4 ,,morris ,woodman1 spare that tree6 ,touch not a single bough2 ,in youth it sheltered me1 ,and ,i'll protect it now4 ',twas my forefather's hand ,that placed it near his cot2 ,there1 woodman1 let it stand2 ,thy ax shall harm it not2 ,that old familiar tree1 ,whose glory and renown ,are spread o'er land and sea-- ,and wouldst thou hack it down8 ,woodman1 forbear thy stroke6 ,cut not its earth-bound ties2 ,oh1 spare that aged oak ,now towering to the skies4 ,when but an idle boy1 ,i sought its grateful shade2 ,in all their gushing joy1 ,here1 too1 my sisters played4 ,my mother kissed me here2 ,my father pressed my hand-- ,forgive this foolish tear1 ,but let that old oak stand6 ,my heart-strings round thee cling1 ,close as thy bark1 old friend6 ,here shall the wild-bird sing1 ,and still thy branches bend4 ,old tree6 the storm still brave6 ,and1 woodman1 leave the spot2 ,while ,i've a hand to save1 ,thy ax shall harm it not4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,george ,p4 ,morris 7#ahjb-ahfd7 was born in ,philadelphia4 ,he was an editor and a poet and was connected with a number of newspapers in ,new ,york ,city4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,to whom is the poet speaking in these verses8 #b4 ,what does he wish to prevent8 #c4 ,why is the tree dear to him8 #d4 ,whom does he remember seeing under the tree8 #e4 ,what did they do there8 #f4 ,how will the poet protect the tree8 #g4 ,how does the ,american ,forestry ,association protect trees8 #h4 ,why should trees be cared for and protected8 #i4 ,why do we celebrate ,arbor ,day8 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 forefather2 renown2 towering2 heart-strings4 ,phrases for ,study near his cot1 earth-bound ties1 forbear thy stroke1 storm still brave4 ,,the ,,american ,,boy ,,theodore ,,roosevelt ,what we have a right to expect of the ,american boy is that he shall turn out to be a good ,american man4 ,now the chances are strong that he won't be much of a man unless he is a good deal of a boy4 ,he must not be a coward or a weakling1 a bully1 a shirk1 or a prig4 ,he must work hard and play hard4 ,he must be clean-minded and clean lived1 and able to hold his own against all comers4 ,it is only on these conditions that he will grow into the kind of ,american man of whom ,america can be really proud4 ,no boy can afford to neglect his work1 and1 with a boy1 work as a rule means study4 ,a boy should work1 and should work hard1 at his lessons--in the first place1 for the sake of what he will learn1 and in the next place1 for the sake of the effect upon his own character of resolutely settling down to learn it4 ,shiftlessness1 slackness1 indifference in studying are almost certain to mean inability to get on in other walks of life4 ,i do not believe in mischief-doing in school hours1 or in the kind of animal spirits that results in making bad scholars2 and ,i believe that those boys who take part in rough1 hard play outside of school will not find any need for horseplay in school4 ,while they study they should study just as hard as they play football4 ,it is wise to obey the homely old adage1 ,work while you work2 play while you play4 ,a boy needs both physical and moral courage4 ,neither can take the place of the other4 ,a coward who will take a blow without returning it is a contemptible creature2 but1 after all1 he is hardly as contemptible as the boy who dares not stand up for what he deems right against the sneers of his companions who are themselves wrong4 ,there is no need to be a prig4 ,there is no need for a boy to preach about his own conduct and virtue4 ,if he does1 he will make himself ridiculous4 ,but there is need that he should practice decency2 that he should be clean and straight1 honest and truthful1 gentle and tender1 as well as brave4 ,the boy can best become a good man by being a good boy--not a goody-goody boy1 but just a plain good boy4 ,good1 in the largest sense1 should include whatever is fine1 straightforward1 clean1 brave1 and manly4 ,the best boys ,i know--the best men ,i know--are good at their studies or their business1 fearless and stalwart1 hated and feared by all that is wicked1 incapable of submitting to wrong-doing1 and equally incapable of being aught but tender to the weak and helpless4 ,a healthy-minded boy should feel hearty contempt for the coward1 and even more hearty indignation for the boy who bullies girls or small boys1 or tortures animals4 ,of course the effect that a thoroughly manly1 thoroughly straight and upright boy can have upon the companions of his own age1 and upon those who are younger1 is incalculable4 ,he cannot do good work if he is not strong and does not try with his whole heart and soul to count in any contest2 and his strength will be a curse to himself and to everyone else if he does not have thorough command over himself and over his own evil passions1 and if he does not use his strength on the side of decency1 justice1 and fair dealing4 ,in short1 in life1 as in a football game1 the principle to follow is3 ,hit the line hard2 don't foul and don't shirk1 but hit the line hard6 --,abridged4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,for ,biography1 see page #cg4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,this selection sums up all the stories of service that you have been reading4 ,you will get most out of it if you will think back over these stories and use them as illustrations of what ,mr4 ,roosevelt tells you is his ideal of the ,american boy4 ,what examples1 in these stories1 can you find to illustrate the sentence1 ,he must not be a coward or a weakling4444 ,he must work hard and play hard8 #b4 ,illustrate1 from the story of ,lincoln1 what ,mr4 ,roosevelt says about study4 ,what was ,lincoln's attitude toward study8 ,what is yours8 ,did ,lincoln's studies have the effect on his character that ,mr4 ,roosevelt speaks about8 #c4 ,what story illustrates the sentence1 ,there is need that he should practice decency2 that he should be clean and straight1 honest and truthful1 gentle and tender1 as well as brave8 #d4 ,how does the story about life on the prairie illustrate the paragraph that begins1 ,the boy can best become a good man by being a good boy8 ,what is the difference between being a good boy and a goodygoody boy8 #e4 ,was ,ralph the ,rover a brave man or a coward8 #f4 ,apply the principle stated by ,mr4 ,roosevelt at the end of the selection to the story about ,washington and ,braddock4 ,to the story about the boy on the prairie4 #g4 ,can you relate an instance in which a manly boy had a good influence upon another boy or ,upon his companions8 #h4 ,do you think the football slogan given in the last sentence on page #acg is a good principle of life8 ,memorize the slogan4 #i4 ,this selection is taken from ,the ,strenuous ,life2 it first appeared in ,st4 ,nicholas1 ,may1 #aijj4 #aj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 shirk2 prig2 resolutely2 indifference2 inability2 horseplay2 deems2 indignation2 bullies4 #aa4 ,pronounce3 adage2 neither2 contemptible2 ridiculous2 stalwart2 incapable2 aught2 incalculable4 ,phrases for ,study against all comers1 physical and moral courage1 walks of life1 practice decency1 animal spirits1 in the largest sense1 homely old adage1 aught but tender4 ,,home ,,and ,,country ,a ,,backward ,,look ,as you gazed through your ,crystal ,glass of ,reading at the selections in ,part ,i1 you saw reflected now pictures of home and now again a picture of that early ,thanksgiving ,day when ,pilgrim and ,indian sat down together to the varied riches of gardens and woods and waves4 ,when you heard ,massasoit say at the feast1 ,the ,good ,spirit loves ,his white children best1 you wondered about the truth of his statement and1 as you thought about it1 perhaps ,abraham ,lincoln came to mind2 what do you think ,lincoln1 if he had been alive at that time1 might have answered the ,indian chief8 ,the poems about home might be called memory-pictures of home2 why do you think older people remember with so much fondness their childhood homes8 ,imagine yourself telling your grandchildren about the home of your youth and about your home pleasures2 what things would you mention8 ,why is it a good thing for a nation to have its people love their homes and the festival days like ,christmas and ,thanksgiving8 ,and now a turn of the ,crystal ,glass reveals a glorious flag1 floating protectingly over us4 ,how you love to look upon its starry folds2 when statesmen and poets tell you of the meaning of ,old ,glory you realize that there is good reason for your pride and your love4 ,what did ,charles ,sumner tell you about the meaning of the stars and the stripes and the colors of the ,flag8 ,what did ,james ,whitcomb ,riley tell you about how ,old ,glow got its name8 ,what were the circumstances under which ,francis ,scott ,key wrote ,the ,star-,spangled ,banner8 ,what are some of the things you can do to show your respect for the ,flag8 ,what are some of the things you remember about ,lincoln's boyhood8 ,how does his method of memorizing com-pare with yours8 ,the young ,george ,washington showed remarkable bravery as ,braddock's chief assistant2 what other fine quality did he show8 ,how may these stories about ,washington and ,lincoln help you to be a worthy citizen of the country they helped to found and preserve8 ,we admire all people who are helpful to others1 but when in giving service1 some forget about themselves and even sacrifice themselves for others1 we regard these as heroes4 ,peter1 in ,the ,leak in the ,dike1 and the boy in ,somebody's ,mother forgot about themselves in their service to others2 one disregarded danger to himself1 and the other the possible jeers of his playmates2 do you know of any instances of service in your school8 ,it is fine to serve obediently under the command of superiors as did the young ,casabianca1 but it is even finer to think quickly in an emergency and to do what should be done when there is no one at hand to give orders4 ,who gave ,peter his orders8 ,tubal ,cain belongs to a group of men who have served their fellow men by useful inventions2 mention some other inventors and tell how they have helped mankind4 ,hamlin ,garland gave you a glimpse of the pioneer's service to our country2 what names of pioneers in your locality are honored for their service in the early days8 ,what ideas of being useful home-members did you get from ,hamlin ,garland and ,theodore ,roosevelt8 ,how does the habit of being useful in the home fit one for being a good citizen8 ,american boys and girls have many opportunities for service in the home1 in the school1 and in their other relations2 have you done any piece of service1 in an organized way1 in your school8 ,does your school belong to the ,junior ,red ,cross1 and does it try' to follow the motto1 ,go forth to serve8 ,when you look back upon all that you have read of home and country1 you no doubt come to the conclusion that the man without a country summed it all up when he said1 ,stick to your family444 ,think of your home444 ,and for your country and for your ,flag1 never dream but of serving her4 ,from selections found in this book prepare a program for ,washington's birthday4 ,,part ,,ii ,,stories ,,of ,,adventure ,hush6 ,again a forest and somebody up in a tree--not ,robin ,hood444 but an ,eastern ,king with a glittering scimitar and turban4 ,it is the setting-in of the bright ,arabian ,nights4 ,oh1 now ail common things become uncommon and enchanted to me4 ,all lamps are wonderful2 all rings are talismans444 ,trees are for ,ali ,baba to hide in2 beefsteaks are to throw down into the ,valley of ,diamonds that the precious stones may stick to them and be carried by the eagles to their nests1 whence the traders1 with loud cries1 will scare them4 ,,charles ,,dickens4 ,,stories ,,of ,,adventure ,a ,,forward ,,look ,when something out of the ordinary happens to you1 you call it an adventure4 ,perhaps you came very near getting drowned in the swimming pool1 or you found a purse with some money and some queer treasures in it1 or you met a very curious old man1 or you caught a rabbit after an exciting chase1 or you went on a long journey and saw many wonderful things4 ,if you have had such an experience1 you like to tell about it to your friends1 and if you have not1 you like to hear the stories told by people who have had some thrilling adventure of their own4 ,from the earliest times to the present the man who has had some unusual experience to tell about has been a favorite4 ,we are eager to hear such stories2 they make life seem more interesting and varied4 ,nowadays we read such stories in books and magazines2 we are not dependent upon hearing them from the lips of those who have lived lives of adventure4 ,but centuries ago1 before there were books and newspapers1 when any journey away from home1 even for a few miles1 was filled with peril1 the traveler who could tell of marvelous things1 or the weaver of tales who had a vivid imagination so that he could tell about things that seemed really true1 found eager hearers4 ,among the ,french1 stories about ,roland1 the wonderful knight who fought in the wars of the ,emperor ,charlemagne1 were known by every boy and girl4 ,the ,english had ,king ,arthur1 and ,saint ,george1 and ,robin ,hood4 ,besides these legends about a national hero1 there are many collections of stories that have grown up among the common people4 ,one of the oldest of these collections of tales is that known as the ,arabian ,nights4 ,for hundreds of years these stories were told in the tents of the desert or in the gay bazaars of the cities of the ,east4 ,about the time of the discovery of ,america they were written down and became known as the ,arabian ,nights ,entertainment1 or the tales of a thousand and one nights4 ,we are told that there was once a cruel ,king who planned to slay all the women in his kingdom4 ,his wife determined to tell him such wonderful stories that he would give up his cruel purpose4 ,so she told him of enchanted gardens1 of caves filled with treasure1 of palaces built in a night1 and of many other things4 ,he was so eager to hear these stories that a thousand and one nights passed before he could escape from the spell that she laid upon him4 ,by this time he was so much in love with her that he withdrew his wicked order4 ,you may see how marvelous were these tales by reading the stories of ,aladdin1 of ,ali ,baba1 and of ,sindbad the ,sailor4 ,perhaps when you have finished them you will not wonder that the ,king found the thousand and one nights so happy that he lost his desire to carry out his cruel purpose4 ,next1 you are introduced to one of the most popular of ,english heroes1 ,robin ,hood4 ,many old ballads and tales1 older than the first ,american colony1 have come down to us with these stories of the famous outlaw4 ,the stories are very different from those of the ,arabian ,nights4 ,they have no treasure caves or magic lamps or voyages to strange countries in them4 ,they tell of contests in archery1 for which the ,english were famous2 of wrestling and swimming matches2 of outlaws and dwellers in the greenwood4 ,because he was their champion against unjust taxation and oppressive laws1 ,robin ,hood was the idol of the common people4 ,they made up games about him1 in which old and young took part4 ,wandering minstrels sang about him4 ,lincoln green1 the color of the clothing worn by ,robin and his followers1 was a favorite with all foresters4 ,why ,robin was so loved you may determine for yourselves by reading the stories of ,robin ,hood given in the pages that follow4 ,in ,gulliver's ,travels we pass from stories like the ,arabian ,nights and ,robin ,hood1 which grew up among the common people1 to a story composed by a single author who wrote out his material and then had it printed in order that all might enjoy it4 ,we do not know who wrote the story of ,ali ,baba or the adventures of ,robin ,hood1 but we know all about ,jonathan ,swift1 the great ,english writer who tells us the story of ,gulliver's adventures among the little people1 or ,lilliputians4 ,gulliver also had wonderful experiences among a race of giants1 and in a land where the citizens were horses that were more intelligent than men4 ,somewhat different from all the other tales in this part of our book is the story of ,robinson ,crusoe1 written by ,daniel ,defoe about two hundred years ago and here condensed for your enjoyment4 ,there was1 in ,defoe's time1 a sailor1 ,alexander ,selkirk by name1 who was left by his shipmates on an island and who lived by himself for four years before he attracted the attention of a passing ship4 ,this suggested the idea of ,robinson ,crusoe to ,defoe1 but he has greatly expanded the story4 ,crusoe lived on his lonely island for twenty-seven years4 ,during this time he learned how to make tools1 to build his house1 to cultivate his farm1 to prepare to defend himself against an enemy's attack1 and to civilize barbarous people4 ,in its original form each of the stories in this group makes a good-sized book4 ,while some incidents and many details have been omitted here in order to shorten and simplify the stories1 the main plot and all the most interesting incidents are given4 ,the world is full of stories of adventure2 these are only samples of the joyful experiences that you may have through your power to read4 ,and you boys and girls are more fortunate than those who lived in the time of ,aladdin1 or even those who lived in the time of ,robin ,hood or ,robinson ,crusoe1 for they had no books at all1 or only a few1 and if they had any1 these books were poorly printed1 with very ugly illustrations1 not at all like the wonderful books that you may have at will4 ,but of all the stories that might have been selected1 the ones placed before you have been chosen for two reasons4 ,first of all1 they are interesting1 and are to be read for pure enjoyment4 ,and next1 these stories leave with you certain ideas that are well worth while4 ,aladdin and ,ali ,baba1 the heroes of the ,arabian ,nights stories1 who became rich through their strange adventures1 helped their neighbors with their wealth4 ,robin ,hood1 too1 helped the poor oppressed people of his time1 though he did many things that would be wrong today4 ,robinson ,crusoe's lonely life on a desert island shows us how much we depend upon the work of those about us4 ,and ,captain ,gulliver1 in the midst of his wonderful adventures1 always kept in mind the ideas of justice and honor4 ,so in all these stories there is a sense of justice and responsibility4 ,nowadays--at least in ,america--men are free4 ,buried treasure is as hard to find as ever1 but it can be found4 ,the man who works hard1 who seizes opportunities1 who builds up a business or runs a farm1 can find his treasure4 ,the government will protect him2 we no longer need to use the methods of ,robin ,hood to get justice4 ,the important question is whether the ,ali ,babas and ,aladdins of our day will feel just such responsibility to others as you find recorded in these stories1 and whether the desire to help the unfortunate is as strong in our free ,america as it was in the heart of ,robin ,hood4 ,,stories ,,from ,,the ,,arabian ,,nights ,,aladdin1 ,,or ,,the ,,wonderful ,,lamp 7,ed4--,this story1 in it's original1 uncondensed version1 in addition to many others1 can be found at the web site https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org1 searching in the index for the title ,arabian ,nights47 ,aladdin was the son of ,mustapha1 a poor tailor in one of the rich provinces of ,china4 ,when the boy was old enough to learn a trade1 his father took him into his own workshop4 ,but ,aladdin1 being but an idle fellow1 loved play more than work1 and spent his days playing in the public streets with other boys as idle as himself4 ,his father died while he was yet very young2 but ,aladdin still continued his foolish ways1 and his mother was forced to spin cotton night and day in order to keep herself and her boy4 ,when ,aladdin was about fifteen years old1 he was one day playing in the streets with some of his companions4 ,a stranger who was going by stopped and looked at him4 ,this stranger was a famous ,african magician1 who1 having need of the help of some ignorant person1 no sooner beheld ,aladdin than he knew by his whole manner and appearance that he was a person of small prudence and very fit to be made a tool of4 ,the magician inquired of some persons standing near1 the name and character of ,aladdin1 and the answers proved to him that he had judged rightly of the boy4 ,the stranger1 pressing in among the crowd of lads1 clapped his hand on ,aladdin's shoulder1 and said1 ,my good lad1 are you not the son of ,mustapha1 the tailor8 ,yes1 sir1 said ,aladdin2 but my father has been dead this long time4 ,alas6 cried he1 what unhappy news6 ,i am your father's brother1 child4 ,i have been many years abroad2 and now that ,i have come home in the hope of seeing him1 you tell me he is dead6 ,and all the while tears ran down the stranger's cheeks1 and his bosom heaved with sighs4 ,then1 pulling out a purse1 he gave ,aladdin two pieces of gold1 saying1 ,take this1 my boy1 to your mother4 ,tell her that ,i will come and see her tonight1 and sup with her4 ,pleased with the money1 ,aladdin ran home to his mother4 ,mother1 said he1 have ,i an uncle8 ,his mother told him he had not1 whereupon ,aladdin pulled out his gold and told her that a man who said he was his father's brother was coming to sup with her that very evening4 ,full of bewilderment1 the good woman set out for the market1 where she bought provisions1 and was busy preparing the supper when the magician knocked at the door4 ,he entered1 followed by a porter who brought all kinds of delicious fruits and sweetmeats for their dessert4 ,as soon as they sat down to supper1 he gave ,aladdin's mother an account of his travels1 saying that for forty years he had been away from home1 in order to see the wonders of distant countries4 ,then1 turning toward ,aladdin1 he asked his name4 ,i am called ,aladdin1 said he4 ,well1 ,aladdin1 said the magician1 what business do you follow8 ,at this question ,aladdin hung down his head1 and was not a little abashed when his mother made answer3 ,aladdin is an idle fellow2 his father strove all he could to teach him his trade1 but could not succeed2 and since his death1 in spite of all ,i can say to him1 he does nothing but idle away his time in the streets1 so that ,i despair of his ever coming to any good4 ,with these words the poor woman burst into tears1 and the magician1 turning to ,aladdin1 said3 ,this is not well1 nephew2 you must think of helping yourself and getting your livelihood4 ,i will help you as far as ,i may4 ,what think you--shall ,i take a shop and furnish it for you8 ,aladdin was overjoyed at the idea1 for he thought there was very little labor in keeping a shop1 and he told his uncle this would suit him better than anything else4 ,i will take you with me tomorrow1 said the magician1 clothe you as handsomely as the best merchants in the city1 and then we will open a shop4 ,aladdin's mother thanked him very heartily and begged ,aladdin to behave so as to prove himself worthy of the good fortune promised by his kind uncle4 ,next day the stranger called for ,aladdin as he had promised1 and led him to a merchant's1 where clothes for all sorts of people were sold4 ,then he caused ,aladdin to try on the handsomest suits1 and choosing the one ,aladdin preferred he paid the merchant for it at once4 ,the pretended uncle then took ,aladdin to visit the bazaars1 the khans where the foreign merchants were1 and the most splendid mosques1 and gave him a merry feast in the evening4 ,the next morning ,aladdin got up and dressed himself very early1 so impatient was he to see his uncle4 ,presently he saw him coming1 and ran to meet him4 ,the magician greeted him very kindly4 ,come1 my good boy1 he said with a smile2 ,i will today show you some very fine things4 ,he then led him through some beautiful gardens with great houses standing in the midst of them4 ,aladdin did nothing but exclaim at their beauty1 and so his uncle by degrees led him on farther and farther into the country4 ,we shall now1 said he to ,aladdin1 go no farther1 for ,i shall here show you some extraordinary wonders that no one besides yourself will ever have seen4 ,i am now going to strike a light1 and do you1 in the meantime1 collect all the dry sticks and leaves that you can find1 in order to make a fire4 ,there were so many pieces of dry sticks scattered about this place that ,aladdin collected more than enough by the time his uncle had struck a light4 ,the magician then set them on fire1 and as soon as they were in a blaze he threw a certain perfume1 that he had ready in his hand1 upon them4 ,a dense smoke arose1 while the magician spoke some mysterious words4 ,at the same instant the ground shook slightly1 and1 opening in the spot where they stood1 showed a square stone about a foot and a half across1 with a brass ring in the center4 ,aladdin was frightened out of his wits1 and was about to run away1 when the magician suddenly gave him a box on the ear so violent as to beat him down and very nearly to knock some of his teeth out4 ,poor ,aladdin1 with tears in his eyes and trembling in every limb1 got up4 ,my dear uncle1 he cried1 what have ,i done to deserve so severe a blow8 ,i have good reasons for it1 replied the magician4 ,do you but obey me1 and you will not repent of it4 ,underneath that stone is a great hidden treasure1 which will make you richer than many kings if you will be attentive to what ,i shall say to you4 ,aladdin had now got the better of his fright4 ,well1 said he1 what must ,i do8 ,tell me2 ,i am ready to obey you in everything6 ,well said6 replied the magician2 come to me1 then2 take hold of this ring1 and lift up the stone4 ,to ,aladdin's surprise the stone was raised without any trouble1 and then he could see a small opening three or four feet deep1 at the bottom of which was a little door1 with steps to go down still lower4 ,you must now1 said the magician1 go down into this cavern1 and when you have come to the bottom of the steps1 you will see an open door which leads into three great halls4 ,in each of these you will see1 on both sides of you1 four bronze vases as large as tubs1 full of gold and silver1 but you must not touch any of it4 ,when you get to the first hall1 bind your robe around you4 ,then go to the second without stopping1 and thence in the same manner to the third4 ,above all1 be very particular not to go near the walls or even to touch them with your robe2 for if any part of your dress should chance to touch them1 your instant death will be the consequence4 ,at the far end of the third hall there is a door which leads to a garden planted with beautiful trees1 all of which are full of fruit4 ,go straight forward1 and follow a path which you will see4 ,this will bring you to the bottom of a flight of fifty steps1 at the top of which there is a terrace4 ,there you will see a niche and in it a lighted lamp4 ,take the lamp and extinguish it4 ,then throw out the wick and the liquid that is within1 and put the lamp in your bosom4 ,if you should wish very much to gather any of the fruit in the garden1 you may do so2 and there is nothing to prevent your taking as much as you please4 ,when the magician had given these directions to ,aladdin1 he took off a ring which he had on one of his fingers and put it on his pretended nephew1 telling him at the same time that it was to secure him against every evil that might otherwise happen to him4 ,go1 my child1 he said2 descend boldly2 we shall now both of us become immensely rich for the rest of our lives4 ,,aladdin ,,finds ,,the ,,wonderful ,,lamp ,aladdin jumped willingly into the opening and went down to the bottom of the steps4 ,he found the three halls exactly as the magician had said4 ,these he passed through with the greatest care1 keeping in mind his uncle's warning4 ,he went on to the garden1 and mounted to the terrace without stopping4 ,there in a niche was the lamp1 which he seized1 and after he had thrown out the oil which it contained1 he put it in his bosom4 ,this done1 he returned to the garden4 ,the trees here were all full of the most extraordinary fruit4 ,never before had he seen fruits of so many different colors4 ,the white were pearls2 the sparkling and transparent ,were diamonds2 the deep red were rubies2 the paler1 a particular sort of ruby called balas2 the green1 emeralds2 the blue1 turquoises2 the violet1 amethysts2 those tinged with yellow1 sapphires4 ,all were of the largest size1 and finer than were ever seen before in the whole world4 ,aladdin was not yet of an age to know their value1 and thought they were all only pieces of colored glass4 ,however1 the variety1 brilliancy1 and extraordinary size of each sort tempted him to gather some of each2 and he took so many of every color that he filled both his pockets1 as well as the two new purses the magician had bought for him at the time he made him a present of his new suit4 ,since his pockets were already full1 he fastened the two purses on each side of his girdle1 and also wrapped some of the gems in its folds1 as it was of silk and made very full4 ,in this manner he carried his treasures so that they could not fall out4 ,he did not forget to fill even his bosom quite full1 between his robe and his shirt4 ,laden in this manner with the most immense treasure1 though ignorant of its value1 ,aladdin made haste through the three halls1 in order that he might not make his uncle wait too long4 ,having passed through them with the same caution as before1 he began to ascend the steps he had come down1 and reached the entrance of the cave1 where the magician was impatiently waiting4 ,when ,aladdin saw his uncle1 he called to him1 ,help me up6 ,my dear boy1 replied the magician1 you had better first give me the lamp1 as that will only hinder you4 ,it is not at all in my way1 said ,aladdin1 and ,i will give it to you when ,i am out4 ,the magician still persevered in wishing to get the lamp before he helped ,aladdin out of the cave2 but the boy had so covered it with the fruit of the trees that he absolutely refused to give it4 ,the wicked magician was in the greatest despair at the obstinate resistance the boy made1 and fell into the most violent rage4 ,he then threw some perfume on the fire1 and had hardly spoken two magic words1 before the stone1 which served to shut up the entrance to the cavern1 returned of its own accord to the place1 with all the earth over it1 exactly in the same state as it was when the magician and ,aladdin first arrived there4 ,when ,aladdin found himself buried alive1 he called aloud a thousand times to his uncle1 telling him he was ready to give him the lamp4 ,but all his cries were useless1 and1 having no other means of making himself heard1 he remained in perfect darkness4 ,finally he went down to the bottom of the stairs1 intending to go toward the light in the garden1 where he had been before4 ,but the wails1 which had been opened by enchantment1 were now shut by the same means4 ,the poor boy felt all around him several times1 but could not discover the least opening4 ,he then redoubled his cries and tears1 and sat down upon the step of his dungeon1 without the least hope of ever seeing the light of day again4 ,for two days ,aladdin remained in this state1 without either eating or drinking4 ,on the third day1 feeling that his death was near1 he clasped his hands in prayer and said in a loud tone of voice1 ,there is no strength or power but in the great and high ,heavens4 ,in this act of joining his hands he happened1 without thinking of it1 to rub the ring which the magician had put upon his finger4 ,instantly a ,genius of enormous figure and horrid countenance rose out of the earth4 ,this ,genius1 who was so extremely tall that his head touched the roof1 addressed these words to ,aladdin3 ,what do you wish8 ,i am ready to obey you as your slave1 both ,i and the other slaves of the ring4 ,weak and terrified1 and scarcely daring to hope1 ,aladdin cried1 ,whoever you are1 take me1 if you are able1 out of this place6 ,no sooner had his lips formed the words than he found himself on the outside of the cave1 at the very spot where the magician had left him4 ,almost unable to believe his good fortune1 he arose trembling1 and seeing the city in the distance1 made his way back by the same road over which he had come4 ,such a long weary road he found it to his mother's door that when he reached it he was fainting from hunger and fatigue3 ,his mother1 whose heart had been almost broken by his long absence1 received him joyfully and refreshed him with food4 ,when he had regained his strength1 he told her all1 and showed her the lamp and the colored fruits and the wonderful ring on his finger4 ,his mother thought little of the jewels1 as she was quite ignorant of their value2 so ,aladdin put them all behind one of the cushions of the sofa on which they were sitting4 ,next morning when ,aladdin awoke1 his first thought was that he was very hungry and would like some breakfast4 ,alas1 my child1 said his mother1 ,i have not a morsel of bread to give you4 ,last night you ate all the food in the house4 ,however1 ,i have a little cotton of my own spinning4 ,i will go and sell it1 and buy something for our dinner4 ,keep your cotton1 mother1 for another time1 said ,aladdin1 and give me the lamp which ,i brought with me yesterday4 ,i will go and sell that1 and the money will serve us for breakfast and dinner too2 perhaps also for supper4 ,aladdin's mother took the lamp from the place where she had put it4 ,here it is1 she said to her son2 but it is very dirty2 if ,i were to clean it a little1 perhaps it might sell for something more4 ,she then took some water and a little fine sand with which to clean it4 ,but she had scarcely begun to rub the lamp1 when a hideous and gigantic ,genius rose out of the ground before her1 and cried with a voice as loud as thunder1 ,what do you wish8 ,i am ready to obey you as your slave1 both ,i and the other slaves of the lamp4 ,aladdin's mother was much terrified2 but ,aladdin1 who had seen the ,genius in the cavern1 did not lose his presence of mind4 ,seizing the lamp1 he answered in a firm voice1 ,i am hungry2 bring me something to eat4 ,the ,genius disappeared1 and returned a moment later with a large silver basin1 which he carried on his head4 ,in it were twelve covered dishes of the same material1 filled with the most delicious meats1 and six loaves as white as snow upon as many plates1 and in his hand he carried two silver cups4 ,all these the ,genius placed upon the table1 and instantly vanished4 ,when ,aladdin's mother had recovered from her fright1 they both sat down to their meal1 in the greatest delight imaginable1 for never before had they eaten such delicate meats or seen such splendid dishes4 ,the remains of this feast provided them with food for some days1 and when it was all gone1 ,aladdin sold the silver dishes one by one for their support4 ,in this way they lived happily for several years1 for ,aladdin had been sobered by his adventure1 and now behaved with the greatest wisdom and prudence4 ,he took care to visit the principal shops and public places1 speaking only with wise and prudent persons2 and in this way he gathered much wisdom1 and grew to be a courteous and handsome youth4 ,,aladdin ,,weds ,,the ,,princess ,one day ,aladdin told his mother that he intended to ask the ,sultan to give him his daughter in marriage4 ,truly1 my son1 said his mother1 you seem to have forgotten that your father was but a poor tailor2 and indeed ,i do not know who will dare to go and speak to the ,sultan about it4 ,you yourself must1 said he1 decidedly4 ,i6 cried his mother1 in the greatest surprise2 ,i go to the ,sultan6 ,not ,i1 indeed2 ,i will take care that ,i am not joined to such folly4 ,you know very well that no one can make any demand of the ,sultan without bringing a rich present1 and where shall such poor folk as we find one8 ,thereupon ,aladdin told his mother that while talking with the merchants in the bazaar he had learned to know the value of their gems1 and for a long time he had known that nothing which the merchants had in their shops was half so fine as those jewels he had brought home from the enchanted cave4 ,so his mother took them from the drawer where they had been hidden and put them in a dish of fine porcelain4 ,aladdin's mother1 now sure that such a gift was one that could not fail to please the ,sultan1 at last agreed to do everything her son wished4 ,she took the porcelain dish with its precious contents and folded it up in a very fine linen cloth4 ,she then took another1 less fine1 and tied the four corners of it together1 that she might carry it without trouble4 ,this done1 she took the road toward the palace of the ,sultan4 ,trembling1 she told the ,sultan of her son's boldness1 and begged his mercy for ,aladdin and for herself4 ,the ,sultan heard her kindly2 then before giving any answer to her request1 he asked her what she had with her so carefully tied up in a linen cloth4 ,aladdin's mother unfolded the cloths and humbly laid the jewels before him4 ,it is impossible to express the surprise which this monarch felt when he saw before him such a quantity of the most precious1 perfect1 and brilliant jewels1 the size of which was greater than any he had ever seen before4 ,for some moments he gazed at them1 speechless4 ,then he took the present from the hand of ,aladdin's mother1 and exclaimed1 in a transport of joy4 ,ah6 how very beautiful1 how very wonderful they are6 ,then turning to his grand vizier1 he showed him the gems and talked privately to him for some minutes4 ,at last he said to ,aladdin's mother3 ,my good woman1 ,i will indeed make your son happy by marrying him to the ,princess1 my daughter1 as soon as he shall send me forty large basins of massive gold1 quite full of the same varieties of precious stones which you have already presented me with1 brought by an equal number of black slaves1 each of whom shall be led by a white slave1 young1 well-made1 handsome1 and richly-dressed4 ,these are the conditions upon which ,i am ready to give him the ,princess1 my daughter4 ,go1 my good woman1 and ,i will wait till you bring me his answer4 ,full of disappointment1 ,aladdin's mother made her way home1 and told her son the ,sultan's strange wish4 ,but ,aladdin only smiled1 and when his mother had gone out1 he took the lamp and rubbed it4 ,instantly the ,genius appeared1 and ,aladdin commanded him to lose no time in bringing the present which the ,sultan had wished for4 ,the ,genius only said that his commands should be at once obeyed1 and then disappeared4 ,in a very short time the ,genius returned with forty black slaves1 each carrying upon his head a large golden basin of great weight1 full of pearls1 diamonds1 rubies1 and emeralds1 quite as fine as the jewels that ,aladdin's mother had given the ,sultan4 ,each basin was covered with a cloth of silver1 embroidered with flowers of gold4 ,there were also forty white slaves1 as ,aladdin had commanded4 ,all these slaves with their golden basins entirely filled the house1 which was but small1 as well as the court in front and the garden behind it4 ,aladdin's mother now came back and almost fainted when she saw this great crowd and all its magnificence4 ,aladdin desired her at once to follow the procession of slaves to the palace1 and present to the ,sultan the dowry of the ,princess4 ,the astonishment of the ,sultan at the sight of all these riches is hardly to be imagined4 ,after gazing upon the slaves with their shining heaps of jewels1 he said to ,aladdin's mother1 ,go1 my good woman1 and tell your son that ,i am waiting with open arms to embrace him6 ,aladdin was so delighted with this news that he could hardly answer his mother1 and1 hastening to his chamber1 he shut the door4 ,once more he summoned the ,genius1 who brought to him garments that shone like the sun4 ,the ,genius also brought him a splendid charger and twenty slaves to march on either side of him on the way to the ,sultan's palace1 all holding purses of gold to scatter among the people4 ,if there had been a crowd before1 there was ten times as great a one now to watch ,aladdin as he rode to the ,sultan's palace1 and to pick up the gold pieces which were showered by his slaves as he went4 ,the ,sultan came down from his throne to greet him1 and all was feasting and joy in the palace4 ,after the feast the judge drew up a contract of marriage between ,aladdin and the beautiful ,princess4 ,as soon as this was done1 the ,sultan asked ,aladdin if he wished to remain in the palace and complete all the ceremonies that day4 ,sire1 he replied1 however impatient ,i may be to have entire possession of all your majesty's bounties1 ,i beg you to permit me to wait until ,i shall have built a palace to receive the ,princess in1 that shall be worthy of her2 and for this purpose ,i request that you will have the goodness to point out a suitable place for it near your own1 that ,i may always be ready to pay my court to your majesty4 ,i will then neglect nothing to get it finished with all possible diligence4 ,my son1 answered the ,sultan1 take the open space before my palace2 but remember that1 to have my happiness complete1 ,i cannot see you united too soon to my daughter4 ,having said this1 he again embraced ,aladdin1 who now took leave of the ,sultan as if he had been brought up and had spent all his life at court4 ,as soon as ,aladdin reached home1 he again summoned the ,genius and commanded him to build instantly the most gorgeous palace ever seen1 on the spot of ground given by the ,sultan4 ,early the next morning the ,genius appeared4 ,sir1 said he1 your palace is finished2 see if it is as you wish4 ,words cannot paint the astonishment of the ,sultan and all his household at seeing this gorgeous palace shining in the place which only the day before had been empty and bare4 ,the ,princess1 too1 rejoiced much at the sight4 ,her marriage with ,aladdin was held the same day1 and their happiness was the greatest that heart could wish4 ,,aladdin ,,loses ,,and ,,regains ,,the ,,lamp ,for some months they lived thus1 ,aladdin showing great kindness to the poor1 and pleasing all by his generosity4 ,about this time his old enemy1 the ,african magician1 found out by some of his magic arts that ,aladdin was alive and enormously rich1 instead of being1 as he had supposed1 dead in the enchanted cave4 ,he was filled with rage1 and1 vowing to destroy ,aladdin1 he immediately set out for ,china4 ,there he learned that ,aladdin had gone hunting1 and was not expected home for three or four days4 ,the magician bought a dozen shining new lamps1 put them in a basket1 and set out for ,aladdin's palace4 ,as he came near it he cried1 ,who will change old lamps for new8 ,when he came under the ,princess's windows1 one of her slaves said1 ,come1 let us see if the old fool means what he says2 there is an ugly old lamp lying on the cornice of the hall of four-and-twenty windows2 we will put a new one in its place1 if the old fellow is really in earnest4 ,the ,princess having given permission1 one of the slaves took the lamp to the magician1 who willingly gave her the best he had among his new ones4 ,as soon as night arrived1 the magician summoned the ,genius of the lamp and commanded him to transport him1 the palace1 and the ,princess to the remotest corner of ,africa4 ,the confusion and grief of the ,sultan were terrible when he found the palace vanished and his daughter lost4 ,the people ran in fear through the streets1 and the soldiers were sent in search of ,aladdin1 who had not yet returned4 ,aladdin was soon found and dragged before the ,sultan like a criminal4 ,he would have been beheaded had not the ,sultan been afraid to enrage the people4 ,go1 wretch6 cried the ,sultan2 ,i grant thee thy life2 but if ever thou appearest before me again1 death shall overtake thee1 unless in forty days thou bringest me tidings of my daughter4 ,aladdin1 wretched and downfallen1 left the palace1 not knowing whither to turn his steps4 ,at length he stopped at a brook to bathe his eyes1 which smarted with the tears he had shed4 ,as he stooped1 his foot slipped1 and1 catching hold of a piece of rock to save himself from falling1 he pressed the magician's ring1 which he still wore on his finger1 and the ,genius of the ring appeared before him1 saying ,what would you have8 ,oh2 ,genius1 cried ,aladdin1 bring my palace back without delay4 ,what you command1 replied the ,genius1 is not in my power2 you must call the ,genius of the lamp4 ,then ,i command you1 said ,aladdin1 to transport me to the place where now it stands4 ,instantly ,aladdin found himself beside his own palace1 which stood in a meadow not far from a strange city2 and the ,princess was then walking in her own chamber1 weeping for her loss4 ,happening to come near to the window1 she saw ,aladdin under it4 ,and making a sign to him to keep silence1 she sent a slave to bring him in4 ,the ,princess and her husband having kissed each other and shed many tears1 ,aladdin said1 ,tell me1 my ,princess1 what has become of an old lamp which ,i left on the cornice of the hall of four-and-twenty windows8 ,the ,princess then told how her slave had exchanged it for a new one1 and said that the tyrant in whose power she was1 always carried that very lamp in his bosom4 ,aladdin was then sure that this person was no other than his old enemy1 the ,african magician4 ,after talking a long while1 they hit upon a plan for getting back the lamp4 ,aladdin went into the city in the disguise of a slave1 and bought a powder4 ,then the ,princess invited the magician to sup with her4 ,as she had never before shown him the least kindness1 he was delighted and came4 ,while they were at table1 she ordered a slave to bring two cups of wine1 one of which she had prepared by mixing in the powder4 ,after pretending to taste the one she held in her hand1 she asked the magician to change cups1 as was the custom in ,china4 ,he joyfully seized the goblet1 and drinking it all at a draft1 fell senseless on the floor4 ,aladdin was at hand to snatch the lamp from his bosom4 ,hastily rubbing it1 he summoned the ,genius1 who instantly transported the palace and all it contained back to the place whence they had come4 ,some hours after1 the ,sultan1 who had risen at break of day to mourn for his daughter1 went to the window to look at the spot which he expected to see empty and vacant1 and there to his unspeakable joy he saw ,aladdin's palace shining in its place4 ,he summoned his guards and hastened to embrace his daughter2 and during a whole week nothing was heard but the sound of drums1 trumpets1 and cymbals1 and there were all kinds of music and feasting1 in honor of ,aladdin's return with the ,princess4 ,some time after this1 the ,sultan died1 and ,aladdin and the ,princess ascended the throne4 ,they reigned together many years and left many noble sons and daughters at their death4 ,suggestions for ,silent ,reading ,some stories and poems must be read thoughtfully in order to gain the author's full meaning2 such reading cannot be done rapidly4 ,in other selections1 the meaning can be grasped easily1 and the reading can be rapid2 in such cases we read mainly for the story1 holding in mind the various incidents as the plot unfolds4 ,throughout this book certain stories1 particularly those of ,part ,,ii1 may well be read silently and reported on in class3 ,the following suggestions will help you to gain power in silent reading3 7a7 ,time yourself by the clock as you read each story suggested for silent reading2 what was your reading speed per page8 7b7 ,test your ability to get the thought quickly from the printed page 7#a7 by noting how many of the questions that develop the main thoughts1 under ,discussion1 you can answer after one reading1 and 7#b7 by telling the substance of the story from an outline4 ,sometimes this guiding outline is prepared for you1 as in question #ai1 below2 sometimes you are asked to prepare it4 ,this outline may also be used at the close of the lesson as a guide in retelling the story4 ,you may have to read parts of the story again to be able to answer all these questions and to give the substance of the story fully4 ,notice that the rapid silent readers in your class generally gain and retain more facts than the slow readers do4 ,try steadily to increase your speed in silent reading4 ,to supplement and give balance to the lessons in silent reading1 certain passages notable for their beauty1 their force1 or their dramatic quality1 are listed1 under ,class readings1 to be read aloud4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what kind of boy was ,aladdin8 ,what caused the magician to notice him8 #c4 ,what did the magician do to make ,aladdin and his mother like him8 #d4 ,how did he force ,aladdin to obey him8 #e4 ,what did ,aladdin see when he raised the stone8 #f4 ,what directions did the magician give ,aladdin before he descended the steps8 #g4 ,explain the magician's anxiety to get the lamp before he helped ,aladdin up from the cavern4 #h4 ,how was ,aladdin rescued from the cavern8 #i4 ,how did he discover the power of his lamp8 #aj4 ,what effect did his good fortune have upon him8 #aa4 ,what use did ,aladdin make of the fruit he had gathered8 #ab4 ,how did ,aladdin persuade his mother to see the ,sultan8 #ac4 ,why did the ,sultan permit ,aladdin to marry his daughter8 #ad4 ,how and where was ,aladdin's palace built8 #ae4 ,where had ,aladdin left the lamp when he went on his hunting trip8 #af4 ,how did the magician gain possession of it8 #ag4 ,how did ,aladdin regain the lamp8 #ah4 ,class readings3 ,page #aef1 line #i1 to page #afj1 line #d 7#e pupils74 #ai4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell in your own words the story of ,aladdin1 using the following topics3 7a7 the boyhood of ,aladdin2 7b7 ,aladdin's pretended uncle2 7c7 the visit to the cave2 7d7 ,aladdin's return to his mother2 7e7 ,aladdin and the ,princess4 #bj4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 province2 prudence2 bewilderment2 abashed2 extinguish2 transparent2 enchantment2 dungeon2 ,genius2 ,sultan2 magnificence2 bounties2 cornice2 transport4 #ba4 ,pronounce3 dessert2 nephew2 niche2 fatigue2 hideous2 imaginable2 porcelain2 vizier2 gorgeous4 ,,ali ,,baba ,,and ,,the ,,open ,,sesame 7,ed4--,this story1 in it's original1 uncondensed version1 in addition to many others1 can be found at the web site https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org1 searching in the index for the title ,arabian ,nights47 ,in an old town of ,persia there lived two brothers1 ,cassim and ,ali ,baba4 ,cassim married a wife who owned a fine shop1 a warehouse1 and some land2 he thus found himself quite at his ease1 and soon became one of the richest men in the town4 ,ali ,baba1 on the other hand1 had a wife no better off than himself1 and lived in a very poor house4 ,he supported his family by cutting wood in the forest1 and carrying it on his asses to sell about the town4 ,one day ,ali ,baba went to the forest1 and had very nearly finished cutting as much wood as his asses could carry1 when he saw high in the air a thick cloud of dust1 which seemed to be coming toward him4 ,he gazed at it for a long time1 until he saw a company of men on horseback1 riding so fast that they were almost hidden by the dust4 ,although that part of the country was not often troubled by robbers1 ,ali ,baba thought that these horsemen looked like evil men4 ,therefore1 without thinking at all what might become of his asses1 his first and only care was to save himself4 ,so he climbed up quickly into a large tree1 the branches of which spread out so close and thick that from the midst of them he could see everything that passed1 without being seen4 ,the robbers rode swiftly up to this very tree1 and there alighted4 ,ali ,baba counted forty of them1 and saw that each horseman took the bridle off his horse and hung over its head a bag filled with barley4 ,then they took their traveling bags1 which were so heavy that ,ali ,baba thought they must be filled with gold and silver4 ,with his bag on his shoulder1 the ,captain of the thieves came close to the rock1 at the very spot where the tree grew in which ,ali ,baba had hidden himself4 ,after the rascal had made his way through the shrubs that grew there1 he cried out1 ,open ,sesame6 so that ,ali ,baba distinctly heard the words4 ,no sooner were they spoken than a door opened in the rock4 ,the ,captain and all his men passed quickly in1 and the door closed again4 ,there they stayed for a long time4 ,ali ,baba was compelled to wait in the tree with patience1 as he was afraid some of them might come out if he left his hiding-place4 ,at length the door opened1 and the forty thieves came out4 ,after he had seen all the troop pass out before him1 the ,captain exclaimed1 ,shut ,sesame6 ,each man then bridled his horse1 and mounted4 ,when the ,captain saw that all were ready1 he put himself at their head1 and they rode off as they had come4 ,ali ,baba did not come down from the tree at once1 because he thought they might have forgotten something1 and be obliged to come back1 and that he should thus be caught4 ,he watched them as long as he could2 nor did he leave the tree for a long time after he had lost sight of them4 ,then1 recalling the words the ,captain had used to open and shut the door1 he made his way through the bushes to it1 and called out1 ,open ,sesame6 ,instantly the door flew wide open6 ,ali ,baba expected to find only a dark cave1 and was very much astonished at seeing a fine large chamber1 dug out of the rock1 and higher than a man could reach4 ,it received its light from a hole in the top of the rock4 ,in it were piled all sorts of rare fruits1 bales of rich merchandise1 silk stuffs and brocades1 and great heaps of money1 both silver and gold1 some loose1 some in large leather bags4 ,the sight of alt these things almost took ,ali ,baba's breath away4 ,but he did not hesitate long as to what he should do4 ,he went boldly into the cave1 and as soon as he was there1 the door shut2 but since he knew the secret by which to open it1 this gave him no fear4 ,leaving the silver1 he turned to the gold which was in the bags1 and when he had gathered enough for loading his three asses1 he brought them to the rock1 loaded them1 and so covered the sacks of gold over with wood that no one could suspect anything4 ,this done1 he went to the door1 and had no sooner said the words1 ,shut ,sesame1 than it closed4 ,and now ,ali ,baba took the road to the town2 and when he got home1 he drove his asses into the yard and shut the gate with great care4 ,he threw off the wood that hid the gold and carried the bags into the house1 where he laid them down in a row before his wife1 who was sitting upon a couch4 ,when he had told the whole story of the cave and the forty thieves1 he emptied the sacks1 making one great heap of gold that quite dazzled his wife's eyes4 ,his wife began to rejoice in this good fortune1 and was going to count over the money that lay before her1 piece by piece4 ,what are you going to do8 said he4 ,why1 you would never finish counting them4 ,i will dig a pit to bury it in2 we have no time to lose4 ,it is right1 though1 replied the wife1 that we should know about how much there may be4 ,i will go and borrow a small grain-measure1 and while you are digging the pit1 ,i will find how much there is4 ,so the wife of ,ali ,baba set off and went to her brother-in-law1 ,cassim1 who lived a short way from her house4 ,cassim was away from home1 so she begged his wife to lend her a measure for a few minutes4 ,that ,i will with pleasure1 said ,cassim's wife4 ,she went to seek a measure1 but knowing how poor ,ali ,baba was1 she was curious to know what sort of grain his wife wanted to measure2 so she put some tallow on the bottom of the measure in such a way that no one would notice it4 ,the wife of ,ali ,baba returned home1 and placing the measure on the heap of gold1 filled it over and over again1 till she had measured the whole4 ,ali ,baba by this time had dug the pit for it1 and while he was burying the gold1 his wife went back with the measure to her sister-in-law1 but without noticing that a piece of gold had stuck to the bottom of it4 ,the wife of ,ali ,baba had scarcely turned her back1 when ,cassim's wife looked at the bottom of the measure1 and was astonished to see a piece of gold sticking to it4 ,what6 said she1 ,ali ,baba measures his gold6 ,where can the wretch have got it8 ,when her husband ,cassim came home1 she said to him1 ,cassim1 you think you are rich1 but ,ali ,baba must have far more wealth than you2 he does not count his gold as you do2 he measures it4 ,then she showed him the piece of money she had found sticking to the bottom of the measure--a coin so ancient that the name of the prince engraved on it was unknown to her4 ,far from feeling glad at the good fortune which his brother had met with1 ,cassim grew so jealous of ,ali ,baba that he passed almost the whole night without closing his eyes4 ,the next morning before sunrise he went to him4 ,ali ,baba1 said he1 harshly1 you pretend to be poor and miserable and a beggar1 and yet you measure your money--here ,cassim showed him the piece ,of gold his wife had given him4 ,how many pieces1 added he1 have you like this1 that my wife found sticking to the bottom of the measure yesterday8 ,,cassim ,,visits ,,the ,,cave ,from this speech ,ali ,baba knew that ,cassim1 and his wife also1 must suspect what had happened4 ,so1 without showing the least sign of surprise1 he told ,cassim by what chance he had found the retreat' of the thieves1 and where it was2 and offered1 if he would keep the secret1 to share the treasure with him4 ,this ,i certainly expect1 replied ,cassim in a haughty tone2 otherwise ,i will inform the police of it4 ,ali ,baba1 led rather by his good nature than by fear1 told him all1 even to the words he must pronounce1 both on entering the cave and on quitting it4 ,cassim made no further inquiries of ,ali ,baba2 he left him1 determined to seize the whole treasure1 and set off the next morning before break of day with ten mules laden with large hampers which he proposed to fill4 ,he took the road which ,ali ,baba had pointed out1 and arrived at the rock and the tree2 on looking for the door1 he soon discovered it4 ,when he cried1 ,open ,sesame6 the door obeyed2 he entered1 and it closed again4 ,greedy as ,cassim was1 he could have passed the whole day in feasting his eyes with the sight of so much gold2 but he remembered that he had come to take away as much as he could2 he therefore filled his sacks1 and coming to the door1 he found that he had forgotten the secret words1 and instead of saying1 ,open ,sesame he said1 ,open ,barley4 ,so the door1 instead of flying open1 remained closed4 ,he named various other kinds of grain2 all but the right one were called upon1 and still the door did not move4 ,the thieves returned to their cave toward noon2 and when they were within a short distance of it1 and saw the mules belonging to ,cassim laden with hampers1 standing about the rock1 they were a good deal surprised4 ,they drove away the ten mules1 which took to flight in the forest4 ,then the ,captain and his men1 with their sabers in their hands1 went toward the door and said1 ,open ,sesame6 ,at once it flew open4 ,cassim1 who from the inside of the cave heard the horses trampling on the ground1 did not doubt that the thieves had come1 and that his death was near4 ,resolved1 however1 on one effort to escape and reach some place of safety1 he placed himself near the door ready to run out as soon as it should open4 ,the word ,sesame was scarcely pronounced when it opened1 and he rushed out with such violence that he threw the ,captain to the ground4 ,he could not1 however1 escape the other thieves1 who slew him on the spot4 ,on entering the cave the thieves found1 near the door1 the sacks which ,cassim had filled1 but they could not imagine how he had been able to get in4 ,the wife of ,cassim1 in the meantime1 was in the greatest uneasiness when night came and her husband did not return4 ,after waiting as long as she could1 she went in the utmost alarm to ,ali ,baba1 and said to him1 ,brother1 ,i believe you know that ,cassim has gone to the forest2 he has not yet come back1 although it is almost morning4 ,i fear some accident may have befallen him4 ,ali ,baba did not wait for entreaties to go and seek for ,cassim4 ,he immediately set off with his three asses1 and went to the forest4 ,as he drew near the rock1 he was astonished to see that blood had been shed near the cave4 ,when he reached the door1 he said1 ,open ,sesame6 and it opened4 ,he was shocked to see his brother's body in the cave4 ,he decided to carry it home1 and placed it on one of his asses1 covering it with sticks to conceal it4 ,the other two asses he quickly loaded with sacks of gold1 putting wood over them as before4 ,then1 commanding the door to close1 he took the road to the city1 waiting in the forest till nightfall1 that he might return without being observed4 ,when he got home1 he left the two asses that were laden with gold for his wife to unload2 and having told her what had happened1 he led the other ass to his sister-in-law's4 ,ali ,baba knocked at the door1 which was opened to him by ,morgiana1 who was a female slave1 clever1 and full of invention4 ,morgiana1 said he1 the first thing ,i have to ask you is to keep a deep secret6 ,this packet contains the body of your master1 and we must bury him as if he had died a natural death4 ,let me speak to your mistress1 and hearken what ,i say to her4 ,morgiana went to call her mistress1 and ,ali ,baba then told her all that had happened before his arrival with the body of ,cassim4 ,sister1 added he1 here is a sad affliction for you1 but we must contrive to bury my brother as if he had died a natural death2 and then we shall be glad to offer you a shelter under our own roof4 ,the widow of ,cassim reflected that she could not do better than consent4 ,she therefore wiped away her tears1 and suppressed her mournful cries1 and thereby showed ,ali ,baba that she accepted his offer4 ,ali ,baba left her in this frame of mind1 and ,morgiana went out with him to an apothecary's there4 ,she knocked at the shop door1 and when it was opened1 asked for a particular kind of lozenge of great effect in dangerous illness4 ,the apothecary gave her the lozenge1 asking who was ill in her master's family4 ,ah6 exclaimed she with a deep sigh1 it is my worthy master1 ,cassim himself4 ,he can neither speak nor eat6 ,meanwhile1 as ,ali ,baba and his wife were seen going backwards and forwards to the house of ,cassim1 in the course of the day1 no one was surprised on hearing in the evening the piercing cries of his widow and ,morgiana1 which announced his death4 ,and so the body of ,cassim was prepared for its burial1 which took place the next day1 attended by ,ali ,baba and ,morgiana4 ,as for his widow1 she remained at home to lament and weep with her neighbors1 who1 according to the usual custom1 repaired to her house during the ceremony of the burial1 and joining their cries to hers1 filled the air with sounds of woe4 ,thus the manner of ,cassim's death was so well hidden that no one in the city knew anything about it4 ,,the ,,robbers ,,seek ,,revenge ,,on ,,ali ,,baba ,but let us now leave ,ali ,baba and ,morgiana1 and return to the forty thieves4 ,when they came back to their cave1 they found the body of ,cassim gone1 and with it much of their treasure4 ,we are discovered1 said the ,captain1 and we shall be lost if we are not very careful4 ,all that we can at present tell is that the man whom we killed in the ,cave knew the secret of opening the door4 ,but he was not the only one2 another must have found it out too4 ,having slain one1 we must not let the other escape4 ,well1 the first thing to be done is that one of you should go to the city in the dress of a traveler1 and try to learn who the man we killed was4 ,the thief who agreed to carry out this plan1 having disguised himself so that no one could have told who he was1 set off at night1 and entered the city just at dawn4 ,by asking questions in the town he discovered that a body had been prepared for burial at a certain house4 ,having found the house1 the thief marked the door with chalk and returned to the forest4 ,very soon after this1 ,morgiana had occasion to go out1 and saw the mark which the thief had made on the door of ,ali ,baba's house4 ,what can this mark mean8 thought she2 has anyone a spite against my master1 or has it been done only for fun8 ,in any ease1 it will be well to guard against the worst that may happen4 ,she therefore took some chalk1 and as several of the doors1 both above and below her master's1 were alike1 she marked them in the same manner1 and then went in without saying anything of what she had done either to her master or mistress4 ,the thief in the meantime arrived at the forest1 and related the success of his journey4 ,they all listened to him with great delight1 and the ,captain1 after praising him1 said1 ,comrades1 we have no time to lose2 let us arm ourselves and depart1 and when we have entered the city1 which we had best do separately1 let us all meet in the great square1 and ,i will go and find out the house with the chalk mark4 ,thus the thieves 'went in small parties of two or three to the city without causing any suspicion4 ,the thief who had been there in the morning then led the ,captain to the street in which he had marked the house of ,ali ,baba4 ,when they reached the first house that had been marked by ,morgiana1 he pointed it out1 saying that was the one4 ,but as they continued walking on1 the ,captain saw that the next door was marked in the same manner4 ,at this the thief was quite confused1 and knew not what to say2 for they found four or five doors more with the same mark4 ,the ,captain1 who was in great anger1 returned to the square1 and told the first of his men whom he met to tell the rest that they had lost their labor1 and that nothing remained but to return to the forest4 ,when they had reached the forest1 the ,captain declared the mistaken thief deserving of death1 and he was at once killed by his companions4 ,next day another thief1 in spite of this1 determined to succeed where the other had failed4 ,he went to the city1 found the house1 and marked the door of it with red4 ,but1 a short time after4 ,morgiana2 vent out and saw the red mark and did not fail to make a similar red mark on the neighboring doors4 ,the thief when he returned to the forest boasted of his success1 and the ,captain and the rest repaired to the city with as much care as before1 and the ,captain and his guide went immediately to the street where ,ali ,baba resided2 but the same thing occurred as before4 ,thus they were obliged to return again to the forest disappointed4 ,the second thief was put to death as a punishment for deceiving them4 ,next time the ,captain himself went to the city1 and found the house of ,ali ,baba4 ,but not choosing to amuse himself by making marks on it1 he examined it so well1 not only by looking at it4 ,but by passing before it several times1 that at last he was certain he could not mistake it4 ,thereupon he returned to the forest1 and told the thieves he had made sure of the house1 and had made a plan such that at last he was certain he could not mistake it4 ,and first he ordered them to divide into small parties1 and go into the neighboring towns and villages and buy nineteen mules and thirty-eight large leather jars to carry oil1 one of which must be full1 and all the others empty4 ,in the course of two or three days the thieves returned1 and the ,captain made one of his men enter each jar1 armed as he thought necessary4 ,then he closed the jars as if each were full of oil1 leaving1 however1 a small slit open to admit air4 ,things being thus disposed1 the mules were laden with the thirty-seven thieves1 each concealed in a jar1 and the jar that was filled with oil2 whereupon the ,captain took the road to the city at the hour that had been agreed1 and arrived about an hour after sunset4 ,he went straight to the house of ,ali ,baba1 where he found ,ali ,baba at the door1 enjoying the fresh air after supper4 ,sir1 said he1 ,i have brought oil from a great distance to sell tomorrow at the market1 and ,i do not know where to go to pass the night2 if it would not occasion you much trouble1 do me the favor to take me in4 ,although ,ali ,baba had seen1 in the forest1 the man who now spoke to him and had even heard his voice1 yet he had no idea that this was the ,captain of the forty robbers1 disguised as an oil merchant4 ,you are welcome1 said he1 and took him into the house1 and his mules into the stable4 ,,the ,,oil ,,merchant ,,in ,,the ,,home ,,of ,,ali ,,baba ,ali ,baba1 having told ,morgiana to see that his guest wanted nothing1 added1 ,tomorrow before daybreak ,i shall go to the bath4 ,make me some good broth to take when ,i return4 ,after giving these orders1 he went to bed4 ,in the meantime the ,captain of the thieves1 on leaving the stable1 went to give his people orders what to do4 ,beginning with the first jar1 and going through the whole number1 he said to each1 ,when ,i shall throw some pebbles from my chamber1 do not fail to rip open the jar from top to bottom with the knife you have1 and to come out2 ,i shall be with you soon after4 ,the knives he spoke of were sharpened for the purpose4 ,this done1 he returned1 and ,morgiana took a light1 and led him to his chamber4 ,not to cause any suspicion1 he put out the light and lay down in his clothes1 to be ready to rise as soon as he had taken his first sleep4 ,morgiana did not forget ,ali ,baba's orders2 she prepared his linen for the bath and gave it to ,abdalla1 ,ali ,baba's slave1 who had not yet gone to bed4 ,then she put the pot on the fire to make the broth1 but while she was skimming it4 ,the lamp went out4 ,there was no more oil in the house1 and she had no candle4 ,she did not know what to do4 ,she wanted a light to see to skim the pot1 and mentioned it to ,abdalla4 ,take some oil1 said he1 out of one of the jars in the court4 ,morgiana accordingly took the oil-can and went into the court4 ,as she drew near the first jar1 the thief who was concealed within said in a low voice1 ,is it time8 ,any other slave except ,morgiana1 in the first moment of surprise at finding a man in the jar instead of some oil1 would have made a great uproar4 ,but ,morgiana collected her thoughts1 and without showing any emotion assumed the voice of the ,captain1 and answered1 ,not yet1 but presently4 ,she approached the next jar1 and the others in turn1 making the same answer to the same question1 till she came to the last1 which was full of oil4 ,morgiana by this means discovered that her master1 who supposed he was giving a night's lodging to an oil merchant only1 had afforded shelter to thirty-eight robbers1 including the pretended merchant1 their ,captain4 ,she quickly filled her oil-can from the last jar1 and returned to the kitchen2 and after having put some oil in her lamp and lighted it1 she took a large kettle1 and went again into the court to fill it with oil from the jar4 ,this done1 she brought it back again1 put it over the tire1 and made a great blaze under it with a quantity of wood2 for the sooner the oil boiled1 the sooner her plan would be carried out4 ,at length the oil boiled4 ,she then took the kettle and poured into each jar1 from the first to the last1 enough boiling oil to kill the robbers4 ,this being done without any noise1 she returned to the kitchen with the empty kettle1 and shut the door4 ,she put out the large fire she had made up for this purpose1 and left only enough to finish boiling the broth for ,ali ,baba4 ,she then blew out the lamp and remained perfectly silent1 determined not to go to bed until she had watched what would happen1 from a window which overlooked the court4 ,morgiana had waited scarcely a quarter of an hour1 when the ,captain of the robbers awoke4 ,he got up1 and opening the window1 looked out4 ,all was dark and silent2 he gave the signal by throwing the pebbles1 many of which fell on the jars1 as the sound plainly proved4 ,he listened1 but heard nothing that could lead him to suppose his men obeyed the summons4 ,he became uneasy at this delay1 and threw some pebbles down a second time1 and even a third4 ,they all struck the jars1 yet nothing moved1 and he became frightened4 ,he went down into the court in the utmost alarm2 and going up to the first jar1 he was going to ask if the robber contained in it was asleep4 ,as soon as he drew near1 he smelled a strong scent of hot and burning oil coming out of the jar4 ,from this he feared that his wicked plan had failed4 ,he went to the next jar1 and to each in turn1 and discovered that all his men were dead4 ,terrified at this1 he jumped over the garden-gate1 and going from one garden to another by getting over the walls1 he made his escape4 ,before daybreak ,ali ,baba1 followed by his slave1 went out and repaired to the bath1 totally ignorant of the surprising events that had taken place in his house during his sleep4 ,morgiana had not thought it necessary to wake him1 particularly as she had no time to lose1 while she was engaged in her perilous enterprise1 and it was useless to disturb him after she had averted the danger4 ,when he returned from the bath1 the sun being risen1 ,ali ,baba was surprised to see the jars of oil still in their places2 he inquired the reason of ,morgiana1 who let him in1 and who had left everything as it was1 in order to show it to him4 ,my good master1 said ,morgiana to ,ali ,baba's question1 may ,god preserve you and all your family4 ,you will soon know the reason1 if you will take the trouble to come with me4 ,ali ,baba followed ,morgiana1 and when she had shut the door1 she took him to the first jar and bade him look in and see if it contained oil4 ,he did as she desired2 and seeing a man in the jar1 he hastily drew back and uttered a cry of surprise4 ,do not be afraid1 said she2 the man you see there will not do you any harm2 he will never hurt either you or anyone else again1 for he is now a corpse4 ,morgiana6 exclaimed ,ali ,baba1 what does all this mean8 ,you explain this mystery4 ,i will explain it1 replied ,morgiana1 but pray be cautious1 and do not awaken the curiosity of your neighbors to learn what it is of the utmost importance that you should keep secret and concealed4 ,look first at all the other jars4 ,ali ,baba examined all the rest of the jars1 one after the other1 from the first till he came to the last1 which contained the oil1 and he noticed that its oil was nearly all gone4 ,this done1 he stood1 sometimes casting his eyes on ,morgiana1 then looking at the jars1 yet without speaking a word1 so great was his surprise4 ,at length he said1 ,and what has become of the merchant8 ,the merchant1 replied ,morgiana1 is just as much a merchant as ,i am4 ,i can tell you who he is4 ,she then described the marks made upon the door1 and the way in which she had copied them1 adding3 ,you see this is a plot contrived by the thieves of the forest1 whose troop1 ,i know not how1 seems to be diminished by two4 ,but be that as it may1 it is now reduced to three at most4 ,this proves that they are determined on your death1 and you will do right to be on your guard against them1 so long as you are certain that even one of the robbers remains4 ,ali ,baba1 full of gratitude for all he owed her1 replied1 ,i will reward you as you deserve1 before ,i die4 ,i owe my life to you1 and from this moment ,i give you your liberty1 and wilt soon do still more for you4 ,,morgiana',s ,,great ,,courage ,,and ,,reward ,meanwhile the ,captain of the forty thieves had returned to the forest full of rage1 and determined to revenge himself on ,ali ,baba4 ,next morning he awoke at an early hour1 put on a merchant's dress1 and returned to the city1 where he took a lodging in a khan4 ,then he bought a horse1 which he made use of to convey to his lodging several kinds of rich stuffs and fine linens1 bringing them from the forest at various times4 ,in order to dispose of these wares1 he took a shop1 and established himself in it4 ,this shop was exactly opposite to that which had been ,cassim's1 and was now occupied by the son of ,ali ,baba4 ,the ,captain of the thieves1 who had taken the name of ,cogia ,houssam1 soon succeeded in making friends with the son of ,ali ,baba1 who was young and good-natured4 ,he often invited the youth to sup with him1 and made him rich gifts4 ,when ,ali ,baba heard of it1 he resolved to make a return for this kindness1 to ,cogia ,houssam1 little thinking that the pretended merchant was really the ,captain of the thieves4 ,so one day he asked ,cogia ,houssam to do him the honor of supping and spending the evening at his house4 ,sir1 replied ,cogia1 ,i am grateful for your kindness1 but ,i must beg you to excuse me1 and for a reason which ,i am sure you will think sufficient4 ,it is this3 ,i never eat of any dish that has salt in it2 judge1 then1 of the figure ,i should make at your table4 ,if this be your only reason1 replied ,ali ,baba1 it need not prevent your coming to supper with me4 ,the bread which is eaten in my house does not contain any salt2 and as for the meat and other dishes1 ,i promise you there shall be none in those which are served before you4 ,so ,ali ,baba went into the kitchen1 and desired ,morgiana not to put any salt in the meat she was going to serve for supper1 and also to prepare two or three dishes of those that he had ordered1 without any salt4 ,morgiana obeyed1 though much against her will2 and she felt some curiosity to see this man who did not eat salt4 ,when she had finished1 and ,abdalla had prepared the table1 she helped him in carrying the dishes4 ,on looking at ,cogia ,houssam1 she instantly recognized the ,captain of the robbers1 in spite of his disguise2 and looking at him more closely1 she saw that he had a dagger hidden under his dress4 ,i am no longer surprised1 said she to herself1 that this villain will not eat salt with my master2 he is his enemy1 and means to murder him6 ,but ,i wilt prevent the villain6 ,when the supper was ended1 the ,captain of the thieves thought that the time for revenging himself on ,ali ,baba had come4 ,i will make them both drink much wine1 thought he1 and then the son1 against whom ,i bear no malice1 will not prevent my plunging my dagger into the heart of his father1 and ,i shall escape by way of the garden1 as ,i did before1 while the cook and the slave are at their supper in the kitchen4 ,instead1 however1 of going to supper1 ,morgiana did not allow him time to carry out his wicked plans4 ,she dressed herself as a dancer1 put on a headdress suitable to that character1 and wore round her waist a fancy girdle of gilt1 to which she fastened a dagger1 made of the same metal4 ,her face was hidden by a very handsome mask4 ,when she had so disguised herself1 she said to ,abdalla1 ,take your tabor1 and let us go and entertain our master's guest1 who is the friend of his son1 as we do sometimes by our performances4 ,abdalla took his tabor and began to play1 as he walked before ,morgiana1 and entered the room4 ,morgiana followed him1 making a low curtsy1 and performed several dances1 with equal grace and agility4 ,at length she drew out the dagger1 and dancing with it in her hand1 she surpassed all she had yet done1 by her light movements and high leaps2 sometimes presenting the dagger as if to strike1 and at others holding it to her own bosom1 as if to stab herself4 ,at length1 as if out of breath1 she took the tabor from ,abdalla with her left hand1 and holding the dagger in her right1 she held out the tabor to ,ali ,baba1 who threw a piece of gold into it4 ,morgiana then held the tabor out to his son1 who did the same4 ,cogia ,houssam1 who saw that she was coming to him next1 had already taken his purse from his bosom1 and was putting his hand in it1 when ,morgiana1 with great courage1 suddenly plunged the dagger into his heart4 ,ali ,baba and his son1 terrified at this action1 uttered a loud cry3 ,wretch6 exclaimed ,ali ,baba1 what hast thou done8 ,thou hast ruined me and my family forever4 ,what ,i have done1 replied ,morgiana1 is not for your ruin1 but for your safety4 ,then opening ,cogia ,houssam's robe to show ,ali ,baba the poniard which was concealed under it1 ,see1 continued she1 the cruel enemy you had to deal with2 examine him1 and you will recognize the pretended oil-merchant and the ,captain of the forty thieves6 ,do you now see why he refused to eat salt with you8 ,can you require a stronger proof of his treachery8 ,ali ,baba1 who now saw all that he owed to ,morgiana for having thus saved his life a second time1 cried1 ,morgiana1 ,i gave you your liberty1 and at the same time promised to do more for you at some future time4 ,this time has come1 and ,i present you to my son as his wife4 ,a few days after1 ,ali ,baba had the marriage of his son and ,morgiana celebrated with great feasting4 ,after the marriage1 ,ali ,baba decided to visit again the cave of the forty thieves4 ,on reaching it he repeated the word1 ,open ,sesame4 ,at once the door opened1 and he entered the cave1 and found that no one had been in it from the time that ,cogia ,houssam had opened his shop in the city4 ,he therefore knew that the whole troop of thieves was killed1 and that he was the only person in the world who knew the secret of the cave4 ,from that time ,ali ,baba and his son1 whom he took to the cave and taught the secret of how to enter it1 enjoyed its riches with moderation and lived in great happiness and comfort to the end of their long lives4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,how did ,ali ,baba make his living8 #b4 ,when did he first see the robber band8 #c4 ,what words did the ,captain say to gain entrance to the cave8 #d4 ,why did ,ali ,baba wish to see the cave8 #e4 ,how did he plan to hide his gold after he returned home8 #f4 ,what aroused the suspicions of his brother8 #g4 ,how did ,cassim feel toward ,ali ,baba when he heard the story8 #h4 ,what did ,cassim plan to do8 #i4 ,why could not ,cassim open the door after it closed upon him8 #aj4 ,why did ,ali ,baba wish to conceal the fact that ,cassim was killed by the robbers8 #aa4 ,why could not the robbers find ,ali ,baba's house after it had been marked with chalk8 #ab4 ,what plan did the ,captain of the robbers determine upon in order to have revenge upon ,ali ,baba8 #ac4 ,how did ,morgiana discover the plot and prevent it from being carried out8 #ad4 ,how did ,ali ,baba reward her8 #ae4 ,how did the ,captain manage to win the friendship of ,ali ,baba8 #af4 ,what was his object in doing this8 #ag4 ,the ,captain would not eat salt in ,ali ,baba's house because1 according to an old ,eastern custom1 the use of salt at a meal was a sign of friendship and loyalty4 ,how did ,morgiana save ,ali ,baba's life8 #ah4 ,who is the cleverest person in the story8 #ai4 ,did ,ali ,baba have a right to take the treasure from the robbers and keep it8 ,why8 #bj4 ,class readings3 ,select passages to be read aloud in class4 #ba4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell in your own words the story of ,ali ,baba1 using the following topics3 7a47 the adventure in the forest2 7b7 ,ali ,baba's return2 7c7 the fate of ,cassim2 7d7 ,morgiana's plans2 7e7 how the thieves were caught2 7f7 how ,ali ,baba used his good fortune4 #bb4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 bridled2 recalling2 astonished2 merchandise2 retreat2 hampers2 resolved2 uneasiness2 utmost2 invention2 packet2 reflected2 suppressed2 ceremony2 related2 confused2 presently2 enterprise2 contrived2 diminished2 prevent2 gilt2 surpassed2 moderation4 #bc4 ,pronounce3 ,ali ,baba2 sesame2 brocades2 inquiries2 hearken2 affliction2 apothecary2 lozenge2 burial2 comrades2 averted2 corpse2 ,cogia ,houssam2 villain2 curtsy2 agility2 poniard4 ,phrases for ,study feasting his eyes1 full of invention1 natural death1 repaired to her house1 had occasion to go out1 lost their labor1 thus disposed1 wanted nothing1 collected her thoughts1 rich stuffs1 bear no malice1 suitable to that character4 ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor 7,ed4--,this story1 in it's original1 uncondensed version1 in addition to many others1 can be found at the web site https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org1 searching in the index for the title ,arabian ,nights47 ,in the reign of the ,caliph ,harun-al-,rashid there lived in ,baghdad a poor porter called ,hindbad4 ,one day he was carrying a heavy burden from one end of the town to the other2 being weary1 he took off his load and sat upon it1 near a large mansion4 ,he knew not who owned the mansion2 but he went to the servants and asked the name of the master4 ,how1 replied one of them1 do you live in ,baghdad1 and know not that this is the house of ,sindbad the sailor1 that famous voyager1 who has sailed round the world8 ,the porter said1 loud enough to be heard1 ,almighty ,creator of all things1 consider the difference between ,sindbad and me6 ,i work faithfully every day and suffer hardships1 and can scarcely get barley bread for myself and family1 while happy ,sindbad spends riches and leads a life of continual pleasure4 ,what has he done to obtain a lot so agreeable8 ,and what have ,i done to deserve one so wretched8 ,while the porter was thus complaining1 a servant came out of the house and said to him1 ,sindbad1 my master1 wishes to speak to you4 ,come in4 ,the servants took him into a great hall1 where a number of people sat around a table covered with all sorts of savory dishes4 ,at the upper end was a tall1 grave gentleman1 with a long white beard1 and behind him stood a number of officers and servants1 all ready to attend his pleasure4 ,this person was ,sindbad4 ,hindbad1 whose fear was increased at the sight of so many people and of so great a feast1 saluted the company tremblingly4 ,sindbad bade him draw near1 and seating him at his right hand1 served him himself4 ,now1 ,sindbad had heard the porter complain1 and this it was that led him to have the man brought in4 ,when the repast was over1 ,sindbad spoke to ,hindbad1 asked his name and business1 and said3 ,i wish to hear from your own mouth what it was you said in the street4 ,hindbad replied1 ,my lord1 ,i confess that my weariness put me out of humor1 and made me utter some foolish words1 which ,i beg you to pardon4 ,do not think ,i am so unjust1 resumed ,sindbad1 as to blame you4 ,but you are mistaken about me1 and ,i wish to set you right4 ,you think that ,i have gained without labor and trouble the ease and plenty which ,i now enjoy4 ,but make no mistake2 ,i did not reach this happy condition without suffering for several years more trouble of body and mind than can well be imagined4 ,yes1 gentlemen1 he added1 speaking to the whole company1 ,i assure you that my sufferings have been so extraordinary that they would make the greatest miser lose his love of riches2 and ,i will1 with your leave1 tell of the dangers ,i have overcome1 which ,i think will not be uninteresting to you4 ,,the ,,first ,,voyage ,,of ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor ,he then told the following story3 ,my father was a wealthy merchant1 much respected by everyone4 ,he left me a large fortune1 which ,i wasted in wild living4 ,i then remembered ,solomon's saying1 ,a good name is better than precious ointment1 and resolved to walk in my father's ways4 ,i therefore made arrangements to go on a voyage with some merchants4 ,after touching at many places where we sold or exchanged goods1 we were becalmed near a small island which looked like a green meadow4 ,the captain permitted some of us to land1 but while we were eating and drinking1 the island began to shake1 and he called to us to return to the ship4 ,what we thought was an island was really the back of a sea monster4 ,i had just time to catch hold of a piece of wood1 when the island disappeared into the sea4 ,the captain1 thinking ,i was drowned1 resolved to make use of a favorable gale1 which had just risen1 to continue his voyage4 ,i was tossed by the waves all that day and night1 but the next day ,i was thrown upon an island4 ,i was very feeble1 but ,i crept along and found a spring of water1 which did much to restore my strength4 ,after this ,i went farther into the island and saw a man watching some horses that were feeding near by4 ,he was much surprised to see me and took me to a cave where there were several other men4 ,they told me they were grooms of the ,maharaja1 ruler of the island1 and that every year they brought his horses to this uninhabited place for pasturage4 ,next morning they returned to the capital of the island1 taking me with them4 ,they presented me to the ,maharaja1 who ordered his people to care for me4 ,the capital has a fine harbor1 where ships arrive daily from all parts of the world1 and ,i hoped soon to have a chance to return to ,baghdad4 ,one day the ship arrived in which ,i had sailed from home4 ,i went to the captain and asked for my goods4 ,i am ,sindbad1 ,i said1 and those bales marked with his name are mine4 ,at first the captain did not know me1 but after looking at me closely1 he cried1 ,heaven be praised for your happy escape4 ,these are your goods2 take them and do what you please with them4 ,i made a present of my choicest goods to the ,maharaja1 who asked me how ,i came by such rarities4 ,when ,i told him1 he was much pleased and gave me many valuable things in return4 ,after exchanging my goods for aloes1 sandalwood1 camphor1 nutmegs1 cloves1 pepper1 and ginger1 ,i sailed for home and at last reached ,baghdad with goods worth one hundred thousand sequins4 ,sindbad stopped here and ordered the musicians to proceed with their concert4 ,when it was evening1 ,sindbad gave the porter a purse of one hundred sequins and told him to come back the next day to hear more of his adventures4 ,hindbad put on his best robe the next day and returned to the bountiful traveler1 who welcomed him heartily4 ,when all the guests had arrived1 dinner was served and continued a long time4 ,when it was ended1 ,sindbad said1 ,gentlemen1 hear now the adventures of my second voyage4 ,they deserve your attention even more than those of the first4 ,,the ,,second ,,voyage ,,of ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor ,i planned1 after my first voyage1 to spend the rest of my days at ,baghdad1 but ,i grew weary of an idle life1 and put to sea a second time1 with merchants ,i knew to be honorable4 ,we embarked on board a good ship and set sail4 ,we traded from island to island1 and exchanged goods with great profit4 ,one day we landed on an island covered with fruit-trees1 but we could see neither man nor animal4 ,we walked in the meadows and along the streams that watered them4 ,while some gathered flowers and others fruits1 ,i took my wine and provisions and sat down near a stream between two high trees1 which formed a thick shade4 ,i made a good meal1 and afterwards fell asleep4 ,i cannot tell how long ,i slept1 but when ,i awoke1 the ship was gone4 ,in this sad condition1 ,i was ready to die with grief4 ,i was sorry that ,i had not been satisfied with the profits of my first voyage1 that might have been enough for me all my life4 ,but my repentance came too late4 ,at last ,i took courage and1 not knowing what to do1 climbed to the top of a lofty tree and looked about on all sides to see if ,i could discover anything that could give me hope4 ,toward the sea ,i could see nothing but sky and water2 but looking over the land1 ,i beheld something white1 and1 coming down1 ,i took what provisions ,i had left and went toward it1 the distance being so great that ,i could not tell what it was4 ,as ,i came nearer1 ,i thought it was a white dome1 of great height and size2 and when ,i came up to it1 ,i touched it and found it to be very smooth4 ,i went around to see if it was open on any side1 but saw it was not1 and that there was no climbing up to the top1 as it was so smooth4 ,it was at least fifty paces around4 ,by this time the sun was about to set1 and all of a sudden the sky became as dark as if it had been covered with a thick cloud4 ,i was much astonished at this sudden darkness1 but much more when ,i found it was caused by a bird of monstrous size1 that came flying toward me4 ,i remembered that ,i had often heard sailors speak of a wonderful bird called the roc1 and saw that the great dome which ,i so much admired must be its egg4 ,the bird alighted1 and sat over the egg4 ,as ,i saw it coming1 ,i crept close to the egg1 so that ,i had before me one of the legs of the bird1 which was as big as the trunk of a tree4 ,i tied myself strongly to it with my turban1 hoping that the roc next morning would carry me out of this desert island4 ,after passing the night in this condition1 the bird flew away as soon as it was daylight1 and carried me so high that ,i could not see the earth2 it afterwards descended so swiftly that ,i lost my senses4 ,but when ,i found myself on the ground1 ,i speedily untied the knot1 and had scarcely done so when the roc1 having taken up a serpent in its bill1 flew away4 ,the spot where it left me was surrounded by mountains that seemed to reach above the clouds1 and so steep that there was no chance of getting out of the valley4 ,when ,i compared this place with the desert island from which the roc had brought me1 ,i found that ,i had gained nothing by the change4 ,as ,i walked through this valley1 ,i saw it was strewn with diamonds1 some of which were of a surprising size4 ,i had never believed what ,i had heard sailors tell of the valley of diamonds1 and of the tricks used by merchants to obtain jewels from that place2 but now ,i found that they had stated nothing but the truth4 ,for the fact is that the merchants come to this valley when the eagles have young ones1 and throw great joints of meat into the valley2 the diamonds1 upon whose points they fall1 stick to them2 the eagles pounce upon those pieces of meat and carry them to their nests on the rocks to feed their young2 the merchants at this time run to the nests1 drive off the eagles1 and take away the diamonds that stick to the meat4 ,i had thought the valley must surely be my grave1 but now ,i took courage and began to plan a way to escape4 ,collecting the largest diamonds and putting them into the leather bag in which ,i used to carry my provisions1 ,i took the largest of the pieces of meat1 tied it close around me1 and then lay down upon the ground1 face downwards1 the bag of diamonds being made fast to my girdle4 ,i had scarcely placed myself in this position when one of the eagles1 having taken me up with the piece of meat to which ,i was fastened1 carried me to his nest on the top of the mountain4 ,the merchants frightened the eagles1 and when they had forced them to quit their prey1 one of them came to the nest where ,i was4 ,he was much alarmed when he saw me2 but1 recovering himself1 instead of asking how ,i came thither1 began to quarrel with me1 and asked why ,i stole his goods4 ,you will treat me1 replied ,i1 with more politeness when you know me better4 ,do not be uneasy2 ,i have diamonds enough for you and myself1 more than all the other merchants together4 ,whatever they have they owe to chance1 but ,i selected for myself in the bottom of the valley those which you see in this bag4 ,i had scarcely done speaking when the other merchants came crowding about us1 much astonished to see me1 but more surprised when ,i told them my story4 ,they took me to their camp1 and there1 when ,i opened my bag1 they were surprised at the beauty of my diamonds1 and confessed that they had never seen any of such size and perfection4 ,i prayed the merchant who owned the nest to which ,i had been carried1 for every merchant had his own nest1 to take as many for his share as he pleased4 ,he1 however1 took only one1 and that1 too1 the least of them2 and when ,i pressed him to take more1 he said1 ,no1 ,i am very well satisfied with this gem1 which is valuable enough to save me the trouble of making any more voyages1 and will bring as great a fortune as ,i desire4 ,the merchants had thrown their pieces of meat into the valley for several days2 and each of them being satisfied with the diamonds that had fallen to his lot1 we left the place and traveled near high mountains1 where there were serpents of great length1 which we had the fortune to escape4 ,we took shipping at the first port we reached1 and touched at the isle of ,roha1 where the trees grow that yield camphor4 ,i pass over many other things peculiar to this island1 lest ,i should weary you4 ,here ,i exchanged some of my diamonds for merchandise4 ,from here we went to other islands1 and at last1 having touched at several trading towns of the continent1 we landed at ,bussorah1 and from there ,i proceeded to ,baghdad4 ,there ,i gave presents to the poor1 and lived honorably upon the vast riches ,i had gained with so many terrible hardships and so many great perils4 ,thus ,sindbad ended the story of the second voyage1 gave ,hindbad another hundred sequins1 and invited him to come the next day to hear more of his adventures4 ,,the ,,third ,,voyage ,,of ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor ,on the third day the porter again repaired to the house in which he had heard such wonderful tales4 ,after the dinner was finished1 the host began once more to tell of his travels4 ,i soon grew weary of a life of idleness and embarked with some merchants on another long voyage4 ,one day we were overtaken by a storm1 which drove us out of our course1 and we were obliged to cast anchor near an island4 ,as soon as we landed1 we were surrounded by savage dwarfs1 who took possession of our ship and sailed away4 ,left without means of escape from the island1 we determined to explore it1 in hope of finding food and shelter4 ,we had not advanced far1 however1 when we discovered that this island was inhabited by giants1 more savage than the dwarfs who had first attacked us4 ,we knew that we could not remain on the island1 and so we went back to the shore and planned how we might escape4 ,when night came1 we made rafts1 each large enough to carry three men1 and as soon as it was light we put to sea with all the speed we could4 ,the giants saw us as we pushed out and1 rushing down to the water's edge1 threw great stones1 which sank all the rafts except the one upon which ,i was4 ,all that day and night we were tossed by the waves1 but the next morning we were thrown upon an island1 where we found delicious fruit which satisfied our hunger4 ,beautiful as this island was1 we found ourselves in danger as great as any we had escaped4 ,my two companions were killed by serpents1 and ,i was almost in despair1 when ,i saw a ship in the distance4 ,by shouting and waving my turban ,i attracted the attention of the crew1 and a boat was sent for me4 ,as soon as ,i saw the captain1 ,i knew him to be the man who1 in my second voyage1 had left me on the island4 ,captain1 said ,i1 ,i am ,sindbad1 whom you left on the island4 ,heaven be praised1 said the captain2 ,i am glad that my careless act did not cause your death4 ,these are your goods1 which ,i always took care to preserve4 ,we continued at sea for some time and touched at many islands1 where ,i traded for cloves1 cinnamon1 and other spices4 ,at last ,i returned to ,baghdad with so much wealth that ,i knew not its value4 ,i gave a great deal to the poor and bought another estate4 ,thus ,sindbad finished the story of his third voyage4 ,he gave another hundred sequins to ,hindbad and invited him to dinner the next day4 ,,the ,,fourth ,,voyage ,,of ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor ,after dinner on the fourth day the merchant once more began to tell of his adventures4 ,after ,i had rested from the dangers of my third voyage1 my love for trade and adventure again took hold of me4 ,i provided a stock of goods and started on another voyage4 ,we had sailed a great way1 when we were overtaken by a storm1 and the ship was wrecked4 ,i clung to a plank and was carried by the current to an island2 here ,i found fruit and spring water1 which saved my life4 ,the next day ,i started to explore the island and1 seeing some huts1 ,i went toward them4 ,the people who lived in these huts were savages1 and they took me prisoner4 ,i was in such fear of them that ,i could not eat1 and at last ,i became sick4 ,after that they did not watch me so closely1 and ,i found a chance to escape4 ,i traveled seven days1 living upon coconuts1 which served me for food and drink4 ,on the eighth day ,i met some people gathering pepper1 and ,i told them my story4 ,they treated me with great kindness and took me with them when they sailed home4 ,on arriving in their own country they presented me to their ,king1 who commanded his people to take care of me1 and soon ,i was looked upon as a native rather than a stranger4 ,i was not1 however1 satisfied to remain away from my own home and planned to escape and return to ,baghdad4 ,one day ,i saw a ship approaching the place where ,i was4 ,i called to the crew1 and they quickly sent a boat and took me on board4 ,we stopped at several islands and collected great stores of costly goods4 ,after we had finished our traffic1 we put to sea again and at last arrived at ,baghdad4 ,i gave large sums to the poor and enjoyed myself with my friends in feasts and amusements4 ,here ,sindbad made a present of one hundred sequins to ,hindbad1 whom he requested to return the next day to dine with him and hear the story of his fifth voyage4 ,,the ,,fifth ,,voyage ,,of ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor ,the story of the fifth day was as follows3 ,all the misfortunes ,i had undergone could not cure me of my desire to make new voyages4 ,i therefore had a ship built and1 taking with me several merchants1 ,i started on my fifth voyage4 ,we touched at a desert island1 where we found a roc's egg4 ,we could see that the young bird had begun to break the shell with his beak4 ,the merchants who were with me broke the shell with hatchets and killed the young roc4 ,scarcely had they done this when the parent birds flew down with a frightful noise4 ,we hurried to the ship and set sail as speedily as possible4 ,but the great birds followed us1 each carrying a rock between its claws4 ,when they came directly over our ship1 they let the rocks fall1 and the ship was crushed and most of the passengers killed4 ,i caught hold of a piece of the wreck and swam to an island4 ,here ,i found fruit and streams of fresh1 pure water4 ,after resting and eating some of the fruit1 ,i determined to find out who lived upon the island4 ,i had not walked far1 when ,i saw an old man sitting on the bank of a stream4 ,he made signs to me to carry him over the brook1 and as he seemed very weak1 ,i took him upon my back and carried him across4 ,when we reached the other side1 the old man threw his legs around my neck and squeezed my throat until ,i fainted4 ,but he kept his seat and kicked me to make me stand up4 ,he made me carry him all that day1 and at night lay down with me1 still holding fast to my neck4 ,this continued for some time1 and ,i grew weaker every day4 ,one day1 feeling sure that ,i could not escape1 he began to laugh and sing and move around on my back4 ,this was my opportunity1 and1 using all my strength1 ,i threw him to the ground1 where he lay motionless4 ,feeling very thankful at my escape1 ,i went down to the beach and saw a ship at anchor there4 ,the crew were very much surprised when ,i told my adventure4 ,you are the first1 they said1 who ever escaped from the old man of the sea after falling into his power4 ,we soon put out to sea and after a few days arrived at a great city4 ,one of the merchants invited me to go with him and others to gather coconuts4 ,the trunks of the coconut trees were lofty and very smooth1 and ,i saw many apes among the branches4 ,it was not possible to climb the trees1 but the merchants1 by throwing stones1 provoked the apes to throw the coconuts at us1 and by this trick we collected enough coconuts to load our ship4 ,we then set sail and touched at other islands1 where ,i exchanged my coconuts for pepper and wood of aloes4 ,i also hired divers1 who brought me up pearls that were very large and perfect4 ,when ,i returned to ,baghdad1 ,i made vast sums from my pepper1 precious woods1 and pearls4 ,i gave the tenth of my gains to charity1 as ,i had done on my return from other voyages4 ,sindbad here ordered one hundred sequins to be given to ,hindbad and requested him to dine with him the next day to hear the account of his next voyage4 ,,the ,,sixth ,,voyage ,,of ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor ,when dinner was finished on the sixth day1 ,sindbad spoke as follows3 ,after a year's rest ,i prepared for a sixth voyage1 notwithstanding the entreaties of my friends1 who did all in their power to keep me at home4 ,i traveled through several provinces of ,persia and the ,indies1 and then embarked on a long voyage1 in the course of which the ship was carried by a rapid current to the foot of a high mountain1 where she struck and went to pieces4 ,we managed to save most of our provisions and our goods1 but it was impossible to climb the mountain or to escape by the sea4 ,we were obliged to remain upon the strip of shore between the mountain and the sea4 ,at last our provisions were exhausted1 and my companions died1 one after the other4 ,then ,i determined to try once more to find a way of escape4 ,a river ran from the sea into a dark cavern under an archway of rock4 ,i said to myself1 ,if ,i make a raft and float with the current1 it will doubtless carry me to some inhabited country4 ,i made a very solid raft and loaded it with bales of rich goods from the wreck1 and rubies1 emeralds1 and other precious stones which covered the mountain4 ,as soon as ,i entered the cavern1 ,i found myself in darkness and ,i floated on1 ,i knew not where4 ,i must have fallen asleep1 for when ,i opened my eyes ,i was on the bank of a river1 and a great many people were around me4 ,they spoke to me1 but ,i did not understand their language4 ,i was so full of joy at my escape from death that ,i said aloud in ,arabic1 ,close thine eyes1 and while thou art asleep1 ,heaven will change thy evil fortune into good fortune4 ,one of the men1 who understood ,arabic1 said1 ,brother1 we are inhabitants of this country and water our fields from this river4 ,we saw your raft1 and one of us swam out and brought it here4 ,pray tell us your history4 ,after they had given me food1 ,i told them my story1 and then they took me to their ,king4 ,i told the ,king my adventures2 and when my raft was brought in1 ,i showed him my rich goods and precious stones4 ,i saw that my jewels pleased him1 and ,i said1 ,sire1 ,i am at your ,majesty's service1 and all that ,i have is yours4 ,he answered1 with a smile1 ,sindbad1 ,i will take nothing from you2 far from lessening your wealth1 ,i mean to increase it4 ,i prayed the ,king to allow me to return to my own country1 and he granted me permission in the most honorable manner4 ,he gave me a rich present and a letter for the ,commander of the ,faithful1 our sovereign1 saying to me1 ,i pray you1 give this present and this letter to the ,caliph ,harun-al-,rashid4 ,the letter was written on the skin of a certain animal of great value1 very scarce1 and of a yellowish color4 ,the characters of this letter were of azure1 and the contents as follows3 ,the ,king of the ,indies1 before whom march one hundred elephants1 who lives in a palace that shines with one hundred thousand rubies1 and who has in his treasury twenty thousand crowns enriched with diamonds1 to ,caliph ,harun-al-,rashid ,though the present we send you be small1 receive it1 however1 as a brother and a friend1 in consideration of the hearty friendship which we bear for you1 and of which we are willing to give you proof4 ,we send you this letter as from one brother to another4 ,farewell4 ,the present consisted of one single ruby made into a cup1 about half a foot high and an inch thick1 filled with round pearls large and beautiful2 the skin of a serpent1 whose scales were as bright as an ordinary piece of gold1 and had the power to preserve from sickness those who lay upon it2 quantities of the best wood of aloes and camphor2 and1 lastly1 a wonderful robe covered with jewels of great beauty4 ,the ship set sail1 and after a successful voyage we landed at ,bussorah1 and from there ,i went to the city of ,baghdad1 where the first thing ,i did was to go to the palace of the ,caliph4 ,taking the ,king's letter1 ,i presented myself at the gate of the ,commander of the ,faithful and was conducted to the throne of the ,caliph4 ,i presented the letter and gift4 ,when he had finished reading1 he asked me if that ruler were really as rich as he represented himself in his letter4 ,i said1 ,commander of the ,faithful1 ,i can assure your ,majesty he does not stretch the truth4 ,i bear him witness4 ,nothing is more worthy of admiration than the splendor of his palace4 ,when the ,king appears in public1 he has a throne fixed on the back of an elephant1 and rides betwixt two ranks of his ministers and favorites1 and other people of his court4 ,before him1 upon the same elephant1 an officer carries a golden lance in his hand1 and behind him there is another who strands with a rod of gold1 on the top of which is an emerald half a foot long and an inch thick4 ,he is attended by one thousand men1 clad in cloth of gold1 and mounted on elephants richly decked4 ,the officer who is before him cries from time to time1 in a loud voice1 ',behold the great monarch1 the powerful ,sultan of the ,indies1 the monarch greater than ,solomon and the powerful ,maharaja4 ,after he has pronounced these words1 the officer behind the throne cries in his turn1 ',this monarch1 so great and so powerful1 must die1 must die1 must die4' ,and the officer before replies1 ',praise be to ,him alone who liveth forever and ever4' ,the ,caliph was much pleased with my account1 and sent me home with a rich present4 ,here ,sindbad commanded another hundred sequins to be paid to ,hindbad1 and begged his return on the morrow to hear of his last voyage4 ,,the ,,last ,,voyage ,,of ,,sindbad ,,the ,,sailor ,on the seventh day1 after dinner1 ,sindbad told the story of his last voyage3 ,on my return home from my sixth voyage1 ,i had entirely given up all thoughts of again going to sea2 for1 not only did my age now require rest1 but ,i was resolved to run no more such risks as ,i had encountered1 so that ,i thought of nothing but to pass the rest of my days in peace4 ,one day1 however1 an officer of the ,caliph inquired for me4 ,the ,caliph1 said he1 has sent me to tell you that he must speak with you4 ,i followed the officer to the palace1 where1 being presented to the ,caliph1 ,i saluted him1 throwing myself at his feet4 ,sindbad1 said he to me1 ,i stand in need of your service2 you must carry my answer and present to the ,king of the ,indies4 ,this command of the ,caliph was to me like a clap of thunder4 ,commander of the ,faithful1 ,i replied1 ,i am ready to do whatever your ,majesty shall think fit to command2 but ,i beg you most humbly to consider what ,i have undergone4 ,i have also made a vow never to leave ,baghdad4 ,the ,caliph insisted1 and ,i finally told him that ,i was willing to obey4 ,he was pleased1 and gave me one thousand sequins for the expenses of my journey4 ,i prepared for my departure in a few days4 ,as soon as the ,caliph's letter and present were delivered to me1 ,i went to ,bussorah1 where ,i embarked1 and had a safe voyage4 ,having arrived at the capital of the ,indies1 ,i was shown to the palace with much pomp1 when ,i prostrated myself on the ground before the ,king4 ,sindbad1 said the ,king1 you are welcome2 ,i have many times thought of you2 ,i bless the day on which ,i see you once more4 ,i thanked him for his kindness1 and delivered the gifts from my master4 ,the ,caliph's present was a complete suit of cloth of gold1 fifty robes of rich stuff1 a hundred of white cloth1 the finest of ,cairo1 ,suez1 and ,alexandria2 a vessel of agate1 more broad than deep1 an inch thick1 and half a foot long1 the bottom of which was carved to represent a man with one knee on the ground1 who held a bow and arrow1 ready to discharge at a lion4 ,he sent him also a rich tablet1 which1 according to tradition1 had belonged to the great ,solomon4 ,the ,king of the ,indies was highly gratified at the ,caliph's mark of friendship4 ,a little time after this ,i asked leave to depart1 and with much difficulty obtained it4 ,the ,king1 when he dismissed me1 made me a very splendid present4 ,i embarked for ,baghdad1 but had not the good fortune to arrive there so speedily as ,i had hoped4 ,three or four days after my departure we were attacked by pirates1 who seized upon our ship1 because it was not a vessel of war4 ,some of the crew fought back1 which cost them their lives4 ,but myself and the rest1 who were not so rash1 the pirates saved1 and carried into a distant island1 where they sold us4 ,i fell into the hands of a rich merchant1 who1 as soon as he bought me1 took me to his house1 treated me well1 and clad me handsomely as a slave4 ,some days after1 he asked me if ,i understood any trade4 ,i answered that ,i was no mechanic1 but a merchant1 and that the pirates who sold me had robbed me of all ,i had4 ,tell me1 he said1 can you shoot with a bow8 ,i answered that the bow was one of my exercises in my youth4 ,then my master told me to climb into a tree and shoot at the elephants as they passed and let him know as soon as ,i killed one1 in order that he might get the tusks4 ,i hid as he told me1 and as ,i was successful the first day1 he sent me day after day1 for two months4 ,one morning the elephants surrounded my tree1 and the largest pulled up the tree with his trunk and threw it on the ground4 ,then1 picking me up1 he laid me on his back and carried me to a hill almost covered with the bones and tusks of elephants4 ,i knew that this must be the burial place of the elephants and they had brought me here to show me that ,i could get vast quantities of ivory without killing any more elephants4 ,i went back to the city and told my master all that had happened4 ,he was overjoyed at my escape from death and the riches which ,i had obtained for him4 ,as a reward for my services he set me free and promised to send me home as soon as the trade winds brought the ships for ivory4 ,a ship arrived at last1 and my master loaded one half of it with ivory for me4 ,when we reached a port on the mainland1 ,i landed my ivory and set out for home with a caravan of merchants4 ,i was a long time on the journey1 but was happy in thinking that ,i had nothing to fear from the sea or from pirates4 ,at last ,i arrived at ,baghdad1 and the ,caliph loaded me with honors and rich presents4 ,sindbad here finished the story of his seventh and last voyage4 ,then addressing himself to ,hindbad1 he said1 ,well1 friend1 did you ever hear of any person who had suffered as much as ,i have8 ,hindbad kissed ,sindbad's hand and said1 ,sir1 my afflictions are not to be compared with yours4 ,you not only deserve a quiet life1 but are worthy of all the riches you possess4 ,may you live happily for a long time4 ,sindbad ordered him to be paid another hundred sequins and told him to give up carrying burdens and to eat henceforth at his table1 for he wished him to remember that he would always have a friend in ,sindbad the ,sailor4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,why did ,sindbad tell the story of his voyages8 #b4 ,what was the effect of these stories upon ,hindbad8 #c4 ,if ,hindbad had desired to become as rich as ,sindbad1 what should he have done1 and what price would he have paid8 #d4 ,why did ,sindbad give money to his guest at the end of each story8 #e4 ,did he do other good deeds with his money8 #f4 ,in each of these three long stories1 of ,aladdin1 ,ali ,baba1 and ,sindbad the ,sailor1 what do you learn about the duty of men who have by chance or by their own hard work succeeded in acquiring riches8 #g4 ,how many voyages did ,sindbad make to satisfy his love of adventure8 #h4 ,which voyage was undertaken to please someone else8 #i4 ,mention some things that ,sindbad sold at great profit4 #aj4 ,where are these articles most used or valued8 #aa4 ,why was it so difficult to travel by water at the time ,sindbad lived8 #ab4 ,what do we learn about ,sindbad's character from the story of his voyages8 #ac4 ,what do we learn about ,sindbad's character from his treatment of ,hindbad8 #ad4 ,what parts of the story show that people in ,sindbad's time knew very little about geography8 #ae4 ,which of ,sindbad's seven voyages is the most interesting to you8 #af4 ,what have you learned of ,eastern customs from this story8 #ag4 ,earlier you were told why we read adventure stories of this kind2 show why you think the ,arabian ,nights stories have the two values mentioned4 #ah4 ,class readings3 ,select passages to be read aloud4 #ai4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell in your own words the story of each of the voyages of ,sindbad1 using the topic headings given in the book4 ,if possible1 try to tell these stories to some child who cannot read them4 #bj4 ,the ,arabian ,nights by ,wiggin and ,smith was illustrated by the famous ,american artist1 ,maxfield ,parrish2 you will enjoy looking at these pictures4 #ba4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 mansion2 grave2 humor2 ointment2 sandalwood2 repentance2 turban2 shipping2 traffic2 azure4 #bb4 ,pronounce3 ,caliph2 ,harun-al-,rashid2 savory2 repast2 becalmed2 ,maharaja2 rarities2 aloes2 sequin2 roc2 desert2 ,arabic2 sovereign2 tradition4 ,phrases for ,study attend his pleasure1 ,commander of the ,faithful1 bountiful traveler1 trade winds4 ,,the ,,story ,,of ,,robin ,,hood 7,ed4--,this story1 in it's original1 uncondensed version1 in addition to many others1 can be found at the web site https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org1 searching in the index for the title ,robin ,hood47 ,,the ,,home ,,of ,,robin ,,in ,,sherwood ,,forest ,many hundreds of years ago1 when the ,plantagenets were kings1 ,england was so covered with woods that a squirrel was said to be able to hop from tree to tree from the ,severn to the ,humber4 ,it must have been very different-looking from the country we travel through now2 but still there were roads that ran from north to south and from east to west1 for the use of those who wished to leave their homes1 and at certain times of the year these roads were thronged with people4 ,pilgrims going to some holy shrine passed along1 merchants taking their wares to ,court1 ,abbots and ,bishops ambling by on palfreys to bear their part in the ,king's ,council1 and1 more frequently still1 a solitary ,knight1 seeking adventures4 ,besides the broad roads there were small tracks and little green paths1 and these led to clumps of low huts1 where dwelt the peasants1 charcoal-burners1 and plowmen1 while here and there some larger clearing than usual told that the house of a yeoman was near4 ,now and then as you passed through the forest you might ride by a splendid abbey1 and catch a glimpse of monks in long black or white gowns1 fishing in the streams and rivers that abound in this part of ,england1 or casting nets in the fish ponds which were in the midst of the abbey gardens4 ,or you might chance to see a castle with round turrets and high battlements1 circled by strong walls1 and protected by a moat full of water4 ,this was the sort of ,england into which the famous ,robin ,hood was born4 ,we know very little about him1 who he was1 or where he lived1 except that for some reason he had offended the ,king1 who had declared him an outlaw1 so that any man might kill him and never pay a penalty for it4 ,but1 outlaw or not1 the poor people loved him and looked on him as their friend1 and many a stout fellow came to join him1 and led a merry life in the greenwood1 with moss and fern for bed1 and for meat the ,king's deer1 which it was death to slay4 ,peasants of all sorts1 tillers of the land1 yeomen1 and1 as some say1 ,knights1 went on their ways freely1 for of them ,robin took no toll2 but rich men with moneybags well filled trembled as they drew near to ,sherwood ,forest--who was to know whether behind every tree there did not lurk ,robin ,hood or some of his men8 ,,the ,,coming ,,of ,,little ,,john ,one day ,robin was walking alone in the wood1 and reached a river which was spanned by a very narrow bridge1 over which one man only could pass4 ,in the middle stood a stranger1 and ,robin bade him go back and let him go over4 ,i am no man of yours1 was all the answer ,robin got1 and in anger he drew his bow and fitted an arrow to it4 ,would you shoot a man who has no arms but a staff8 asked the stranger in scorn2 and with shame ,robin laid down his bow1 and unbuckled an oaken stick at his side4 ,we will fight till one of us falls into the water1 he said2 and fight they did1 till the stranger planted a blow so well that ,robin rolled over into the river4 ,you are a brave soul1 said he1 when he had waded to land2 and he blew a blast with his horn which brought fifty good fellows1 clad in green1 to the little bridge4 ,have you fallen into the river1 that your clothes are wet8 asked one2 and ,robin made answer1 ,no1 but this stranger1 fighting on the bridge1 got the better of me and tumbled me into the stream4 ,at this the foresters seized the stranger and would have ducked him1 had not their leader bade them stop and begged the stranger to stay with them and make one of themselves4 ,here is my hand1 replied the stranger1 and my heart with it4 ,my name1 if you would know it1 is ,john ,little4 ,that must be altered1 cried ,will ,scarlett2 we will call a feast1 and henceforth1 because he is full seven feet tall and round the waist at least an ell1 he shall be called ,little ,john4 ,and thus it was done2 but at the feast ,little ,john1 who always liked to know exactly what work he had to do1 put some questions to ,robin ,hood4 ,before ,i join hands with you1 tell me first what sort of life this is you lead4 ,how am ,i to know whose goods ,i shall take1 and whose ,i shall leave8 ,whom shall ,i beat1 and whom shall ,i refrain from beating8 ,and ,robin answered3 ,look that you harm not any tiller of the ground1 nor any yeoman of the greenwood--no1 nor any knight or squire1 unless you have heard him ill spoken of4 ,but if rich men with moneybags come your way1 see that you spoil ,,them1 and mark that you always hold in your mind the ,high ,sheriff of ,nottingham4 ,this being settled1 ,robin ,hood declared ,little ,john to be second in command to himself among the brotherhood of the forest1 and the new outlaw never forgot to hold in his mind the ,high ,sheriff of ,nottingham1 who was the bitterest enemy the foresters had4 ,robin ,hood1 however1 had no liking for a company of idle men about him1 so he at once sent off ,little ,john and ,will ,scarlett to the great road known as ,wafting ,street with orders to hide among the trees and wait till some adventure might come to them4 ,if they took captive ,earl or ,baron1 ,abbot or ,knight1 he was to be brought unharmed back to ,robin ,hood4 ,but all along ,wafting ,street the road was bare2 white and hard it lay in the sun1 without the tiniest cloud of dust to show that a rich company might be coming2 east and west the land lay still4 ,,little ,,john',s ,,first ,,adventure ,at length1 just where a side path turned into the broad highway1 there rode a ,knight1 and a sorrier man than he never sat a horse on a summer day4 ,one foot only was in the stirrup2 the other hung carelessly by his side4 ,his head was bowed1 the reins dropped loose1 and his horse went on as he would4 ,at so sad a sight the hearts of the outlaws were filled with pity1 and ,little ,john fell on his knees and bade the ,knight welcome in the name of his master4 ,who is your master8 asked the ,knight4 ,robin ,hood1 answered ,little ,john4 ,i have heard much good of him1 replied the ,knight1 and will go with you gladly4 ,then they all set off together1 tears running down the ,knight's cheeks as he rode4 ,but he said nothing2 neither was anything said to him4 ,and in this wise they came to ,robin ,hood4 ,welcome1 ,sir ,knight1 cried he1 and thrice welcome1 for ,i waited to break my fast till you or some other had come to me4 ,god save you1 good ,robin1 answered the ,knight2 and after they had washed themselves in the stream1 they sat down to dine off bread and wine1 with flesh of the ,king's deer1 and swans and pheasants4 ,such a dinner have ,i not had for three weeks and more1 said the ,knight4 ,and if ,i ever come again this way1 good ,robin1 ,i will give you as fine a dinner as you have given me4 ,i thank you1 replied ,robin2 my dinner is always welcome2 still1 ,i am none so greedy but ,i can wait for it4 ,but before you go1 pay me1 ,i pray you1 for the food which you have had4 ,it was never the custom for a yeoman to pay for a ,knight4 ,my bag is empty1 said the ,knight1 save for ten shillings only4 ,go1 ,little ,john1 and look in his wallet1 said ,robin1 and1 ,sir ,knight1 if in truth you have no more1 not one penny will ,i take2 nay1 ,i will give you all that you shall need4 ,so ,little ,john spread out the ,knight's mantle1 and opened the bag1 and therein lay ten shillings and naught besides4 ,what tidings1 ,little ,john8 cried his master4 ,sir1 the ,knight speaks truly1 said ,little ,john4 ,then fill a cup of the best wine and tell me ,sir ,knight1 whether it is your own ill doings which have brought you to this sorry pass4 ,for a hundred years my fathers have dwelt in the forest1 answered the ,knight1 and four hundred pounds might they spend yearly4 ,but within two years misfortune has befallen me1 and my wife and children also4 ,how did this evil come to pass8 asked ,robin4 ,through my own folly1 answered the ,knight1 and because of the great love ,i bore my son1 who would never be guided of my counsel1 and slew1 ere he was twenty years old1 a ,knight of ,lancaster and his squire4 ,for their deaths ,i had to pay a large sum1 which ,i could not raise without giving my lands in pledge to a rich man at ,york4 ,if ,i cannot give him the money by a certain day1 they will be lost to me forever4 ,what is the sum8 asked ,robin4 ,tell me truly4 ,it is four hundred pounds1 said the ,knight4 ,and what will you do if you lose your lands8 asked ,robin again4 ,hie myself over the sea1 said the ,knight1 and bid farewell to my friends and country4 ,there is no better way open to me4 ,as he spoke1 tears fell from his eyes1 and he turned to depart4 ,good day1 my friend1 he said to ,robin2 ,i cannot pay you what ,i should-- ,but ,robin held him fast4 ,where are your friends8 asked he4 ,sir1 they have all forsaken me1 since ,i became poor1 and they turn away their heads if we meet upon the road1 though when ,i was rich they were ever in my castle4 ,when ,little ,john and ,will ,scarlett and the rest heard this1 they wept for very shame and fury1 and ,robin bade them fill a cup of the best wine and give it to the ,knight4 ,have you no one who would stay surety for you8 said he4 ,none1 answered the ,knight2 there is no one who will stay surety for me4 ,you speak well1 said ,robin1 and you1 ,little ,john1 go to my treasure chest1 and bring me thence four hundred pounds4 ,and be sure you count it truly4 ,so ,little ,john went1 and ,will ,scarlett1 and they brought back the money4 ,sir1 said ,little ,john1 when ,robin had counted it and found it no more and no less1 look at his clothes1 how thin they are6 ,you have stores of garments1 green and scarlet1 in your coffers--no merchant in ,england can boast the like4 ,i will measure some out with my bow4 ,and thus he did4 ,master1 spoke ,little ,john again1 there is still something else4 ,you must give him a horse1 that he may go as beseems his quality to ,york4 ,take the gray horse1 said ,robin1 and put a new saddle on it1 and take likewise a good palfrey and a pair of boots1 with gilt ,spurs on them4 ,and as it would be a shame for a ,knight to ride by himself on this errand1 ,i will lend you ,little ,john as squire--perchance he may stand you in yeoman's stead4 ,when shall we meet again8 asked the ,knight4 ,this day twelve months1 said ,robin1 under the greenwood tree4 ,,the ,,knight ,,wins ,,back ,,his ,,lands ,then the ,knight rode on his way1 with ,little ,john behind him1 and as he went he thought of ,robin ,hood and his men1 and blessed them for the goodness they had shown toward him4 ,tomorrow1 he said to ,little ,john1 ,i must be in the city of ,york1 for if ,i am so much as a day late1 my lands are lost forever2 and though ,i were to bring the money1 ,i should not be allowed to redeem them4 ,now the man who had lent the money1 as well as the ,knight1 had been counting the days1 and the next day he said to his friends1 ,this day year there came a ,knight and borrowed of me four hundred pounds1 giving his lands as surety4 ,if he come not to pay his debt before midnight1 they will be mine forever4 ,it is full early yet1 said one2 he may still be coming4 ,he is far beyond the sea and suffers from hunger and cold1 said the rich man4 ,how is he to get here8 ,it were a shame1 said another1 for you to take his lands4 ,and you do him much wrong if you drive such a hard bargain4 ,he is dead or hanged1 said a third1 and you will have his lands4 ,so they went to the ,high ,justiciar1 whose duty it would be to declare the ,knight's lands forfeited if he did not pay the money4 ,if he come not this day1 cried the rich man1 rubbing his hands1 the lands will be mine4 ,he will not come1 said the ,justiciar1 but he knew not that the ,knight was already at the outer gate1 and ,little ,john with him4 ,welcome1 ,sir ,knight1 said the porter4 ,the horse that you ride is the noblest that ever ,i saw4 ,let me lead it and the steed of your companion to the stable1 that they may have food and rest4 ,they shall not pass these gates1 answered the ,knight sternly1 and he entered the hall alone4 ,i have come back1 my lord1 he said1 kneeling down before the rich man1 who had just returned from court4 ,have you brought my money8 ,i have come to pray you to give me more time1 said the ,knight4 ,the day was fixed and cannot be gainsaid1 answered the ,justiciar1 who was sitting at meat with others in the hall4 ,the ,knight begged the ,justiciar to be his friend and help him1 but he refused4 ,give me one more chance to get the money and free my lands1 prayed the ,knight4 ,i will serve you day and night till ,i have four hundred pounds to redeem them4 ,but the rich man only vowed that the money must be paid that day or the lands be forfeited4 ,then the ,knight stood up straight and tall4 ,you are not courteous1 he said1 to make a ,knight kneel so long4 ,but it is well to prove one's friends against the hour of need4 ,then he looked the rich man full in the face1 and the man felt uneasy and hated the ,knight more than ever4 ,out of my hall1 false ,knight1 he cried1 pretending to a courage he did not feel4 ,but the ,knight answered him1 ,never was ,i false1 and that ,i have shown in jousts and in tourneys4 ,give him two hundred pounds more1 said the ,justiciar to the rich man1 and keep the lands yourself4 ,no1 cried the ,knight1 not if you offered me a thousand pounds would ,i do it4 ,no one here shall be heir of mine4 ,then he strode up to a table and emptied out four hundred pounds4 ,take your gold which you lent to me a year agone1 he said4 ,had you but received me civilly1 ,i would have paid you something more4 ,then he passed out of the hall singing merrily and rode back to his house1 where his wife met him at the gate4 ,he went forth full merrily singing1 ,as men have told in tale2 ,his lady met him at the gate1 ,at home in ,wierysdale4 ,welcome1 my lord1 said his lady2 ,sir1 lost is all your good4 ,be merry1 dame1 said the ,knight1 ,and pray for ,robin ,hood4 ,then he told how ,robin ,hood had befriended him1 and how he had redeemed his lands1 and finished his tale by praising the outlaw4 ,but for his kindness1 he said1 we had been beggars4 ,after this the ,knight dwelt at home1 looking after his lands and saving his money carefully1 till the four hundred pounds lay ready for ,robin ,hood4 ,then he bought a hundred bows and a hundred arrows1 and every arrow was an ell long1 and had a head of silver and peacock's feathers4 ,and clothing himself in white and red1 and with a hundred men in his train1 he set off to ,sherwood ,forest4 ,on the way he passed an open space near a bridge where there was a wrestling1 and the ,knight stopped and looked1 for he himself had taken many a prize in that sport4 ,here the prizes were such as to fill any man with envy3 a fine horse1 saddled and bridled1 a great white bull1 a pair of gloves1 and a ring of bright1 red gold4 ,there was not a yeoman present who did not hope to win one of them4 ,but when the wrestling was over1 the yeoman who had beaten them all was a man who kept apart from his fellows and was said to think much of himself4 ,therefore the men grudged him his skill1 and set upon him with blows1 and would have killed him had not the ,knight1 for love of ,robin ,hood1 taken pity on him1 while his followers fought with the crowd1 and would not suffer them to touch the prizes a better man had won4 ,when the wrestling was finished1 the ,knight rode on1 and there under the greenwood tree1 in the place appointed1 he found ,robin and his merry men waiting for him1 according to the tryst that they had fixed last year4 ,god save thee1 ,robin ,hood1 ,and all this company4 ,welcome be thou1 gentle ,knight1 ,and right welcome to me4 ,hast thou thy land again8 said ,robin2 ,truth then tell thou me4 ,yea1 'fore ,god1 said the ,knight1 ,and for it thank ,i ,god and thee4 ,have here four hundred pounds1 ,the which you lent to me2 ,and here are also twenty marks ,for your courtesie4 ,but ,robin would not take the money4 ,a miracle had happened1 he said1 and it had been paid to him1 and shame would it be for him to take it twice over4 ,then he noticed for the first time the bows and arrows which the ,knight had brought1 and asked what they were4 ,a poor present to you1 answered the ,knight2 and ,robin1 who would not be outdone1 sent ,little ,john once more to his treasury1 and bade him bring forth four hundred pounds1 which were given to the ,knight4 ,after that they parted1 in much love2 and ,robin prayed the ,knight if he were in any strait to let him know at the greenwood tree1 and while there was any gold there he should have it4 ,,how ,,little ,,john ,,became ,,the ,,sheriff',s ,,servant ,meanwhile the ,high ,sheriff of ,nottingham proclaimed a great shooting-match in a broad open space1 and ,little ,john was minded to try his skill with the rest4 ,he rode through the forest1 whistling gaily to himself1 for well he knew that not one of ,robin ,hood's men could send an arrow as straight as he1 and he felt little fear of anyone else4 ,when he reached the trysting place1 he found a large company assembled1 the ,sheriff with them1 and the rules of the match were read out3 where they were to stand1 how far the mark was to be1 and that three tries should be given to every man4 ,some of the shooters shot near the mark2 some of them even touched it2 but none but ,little ,john split the slender wand of willow with every arrow that flew from his bow4 ,at this sight the ,sheriff of ,nottingham swore that ,little ,john was the best archer that ever he had seen1 and asked him who he was and where he was born1 and vowed that if he would enter his service he would give twenty marks a year to so good a bowman4 ,little ,john1 who did not wish to confess that he was one of ,robin ,hood's men and an outlaw1 said his name was ,reynold ,greenleaf1 and that he was in the service of a ,knight1 whose leave he must get before he became the servant of any man4 ,this was given heartily by the ,knight whose lands had been saved by the kindness of ,robin ,hood1 and ,little ,john bound himself to the ,sheriff for the space of twelve months1 and was given a good white horse to ride on whenever he went abroad4 ,but for all that1 he did not like his bargain1 and made up his mind to do the ,sheriff1 who was hated of the outlaws1 all the mischief he could4 ,his chance came on a ,wednesday1 when the ,sheriff always went hunting1 and ,little ,john lay in bed till noon1 or till he grew hungry4 ,then he got up and told the steward that he wanted some dinner4 ,the steward answered that he should have nothing till the ,sheriff came home2 so ,little ,john grumbled and left him1 and sought out the butler4 ,here he was no more successful than before2 the butler just went to the buttery door and locked it1 and told ,little ,john that he would have to make himself happy till his lord returned4 ,rude words mattered nothing to ,little ,john1 who was not1 accustomed to be balked by trifles2 so he gave a mighty kick1 which burst open the door1 and then ate and drank as much as he would1 and when he had finished all there was in the buttery1 he went down into the kitchen4 ,now the ,sheriff's cook was a strong man and a bold one1 and had no mind to let another man play the king in his kitchen2 so he gave ,little ,john three smart blows1 which were returned heartily4 ,thou art a brave man and hardy1 said ,little ,john1 and a good fighter withal4 ,i have a sword2 take you another1 and let us see which is the better man of us twain4 ,the cook did as he was bid1 and for two hours they fought1 neither of them harming the other4 ,fellow1 said ,little ,john at last1 you are one of the best swordsmen that ,i ever saw--and if you could shoot as well with the bow1 ,i would take you back to the merry greenwood1 and ,robin ,hood would give you twenty marks a year and two changes of clothing4 ,put up your sword1 said the cook1 and ,i will go with you4 ,but first we will have some food in my kitchen1 and carry off a little of the gold and silver that is in the ,sheriff's treasure house4 ,they ate and drank till they wanted no more1 and they broke the locks of the treasure house1 and took of the silver as much as they could carry1 and of the gold1 three hundred pounds and more1 and departed unseen by anyone to ,robin in the forest4 ,welcome6 welcome6 cried ,robin1 when he saw them2 a welcome1 too1 to the fair yeoman you bring with you4 ,what tidings from ,nottingham1 ,little ,john8 ,the proud ,sheriff greets you1 and sends you by my hand his cook and his silver vessels1 and three hundred pounds and three also4 ,robin shook his head1 for he knew better than to believe ,little ,john's tale4 ,it was never by his good will that you brought such treasure to me1 he answered2 and ,little ,john1 fearing that he might be ordered to take it back again1 slipped away into the forest to carry out a plan that had just come into his head4 ,he ran straight on for five miles1 till he came up with the ,sheriff1 who was still hunting1 and flung himself on his knees before him4 ,reynold ,greenleaf1 cried the ,sheriff1 what are you doing here1 and where have you been8 ,i have been in the forest1 where ,i saw a fair hart of a green color1 and seven score deer feeding hard by4 ,that sight would ,i see too1 said the ,sheriff4 ,then follow me1 answered ,little ,john1 and he ran back the way he came1 the ,sheriff following on horseback1 till they turned a corner of the forest1 and found themselves in ,robin ,hood's presence4 ,sir1 here is the master hart1 said ,little ,john4 ,still stood the proud ,sheriff2 ,a sorry man was he4 ,woe be to you1 ,reynold ,greenleaf2 ,thou hast betrayed me6 ,it was not my fault1 answered ,little ,john1 but the fault of your servants1 master2 for they would not give me my dinner4 ,so he went away to see to the supper4 ,it was spread under the greenwood tree1 and they sat down to it1 hungry men all4 ,but when the ,sheriff saw himself served from his own dishes1 his appetite went from him4 ,take heart1 man1 said ,robin ,hood1 and think not we will poison you4 ,for charity's sake1 and for the love of ,little ,john1 your life shall be granted you4 ,only for twelve months you shall dwell with me1 and learn what it is to be an outlaw4 ,to the ,sheriff this punishment was worse to bear than the loss of gold1 or silver dishes1 and earnestly he begged ,robin ,hood to set him free1 vowing he would prove himself the best friend that ever the foresters had4 ,neither ,robin nor any of his men believed him2 but he swore that he would never seek to do them harm1 and that if he found any of them in evil plight he would deliver them out of it4 ,with that ,robin let him go4 ,,how ,,robin ,,met ,,friar ,,tuck ,in many ways life in the forest was dull in the winter1 and often the days passed slowly2 but in summer1 when the leaves were green1 and flowers and ferns covered all the woodland1 ,robin ,hood and his men would come out of their warm resting places1 like the rabbits and the squirrels1 and would play1 too4 ,races they ran to stretch their legs1 or leaping matches were arranged1 or they would shoot at a mark4 ,anything was pleasant when the grass was soft once more under their feet4 ,who of you can kill a hart five hundred paces off8 ,so said ,robin to his men one bright ,may morning2 and they went into the wood and tried their skill1 and in the end it was ,little ,john who brought down the hart1 to the great joy of ,robin ,hood4 ,i would ride my horse a hundred miles to find one who could match with thee1 he said to ,little ,john2 and ,will ,scarlett1 who was perhaps rather jealous of this mighty deed1 answered1 with a laugh1 ,there lives a friar in ,fountains ,abbey who would beat both him and you4 ,now ,robin ,hood did not like to be told that any man could shoot better than himself or his foresters2 so he swore lustily that he would neither eat nor drink till he had seen that friar4 ,leaving his men where they were1 he put on a coat of mail and a steel cap1 took his shield and sword1 slung his bow over his shoulder1 and filled his quiver with arrows4 ,thus armed1 he set forth to ,fountains ,dale4 ,by the side of the river a friar was walking1 armed like ,robin1 but without a bow4 ,at this sight ,robin jumped from his horse1 which he tied to a thorn1 and called to the friar to carry him over the water1 or it would cost him his life4 ,the friar said nothing1 but hoisted ,robin on his broad back and marched into the river4 ,not a word was spoken till they reached the other side1 when ,robin leaped1 lightly down1 and was going on his way4 ,then the friar stopped him4 ,not so fast1 my fine fellow1 said he4 ,it is my turn now1 and you shall take me across the river1 or woe will betide you4 ,so ,robin carried him1 and when they had reached the side from which they had started1 he set down the friar and jumped for the second time on his back1 and bade him take him whence he had come4 ,the friar strode into the stream with his burden1 but as soon as they got to the middle he bent his head1 and ,robin fell into the water4 ,now you can sink or swim1 as you like1 said the friar1 as he stood and laughed4 ,robin ,hood swam to a bush of golden broom1 and pulled himself out of the water2 and while the friar was scrambling out1 ,robin fitted an arrow to his bow and let fly at him4 ,but the friar quickly held up his shield1 and the arrow fell harmless4 ,shoot on1 my fine fellow2 shoot on all day if you like1 shouted the friar2 and ,robin shot till his arrows were gone1 but always missed his mark4 ,then they took their swords1 and at four of the afternoon they were still fighting4 ,by this time ,robin's strength was wearing1 and he felt he could not fight much more4 ,a boon1 a boon6 cried he4 ,let me but blow three blasts on my horn1 and ,i will thank you on my bended knees for it4 ,the friar told him to blow as many blasts as he liked1 and in an instant the forest echoed with his horn2 it was but a few minutes before half a hundred yeomen were racing over the lea4 ,the friar stared when he saw them2 then1 turning to ,robin1 he begged of him a boon also2 and leave being granted1 he gave three whistles1 which were followed by the noise of a great crashing through the trees1 as fifty great dogs bounded toward him4 ,here's a dog for each of your men1 said the friar1 and ,i myself for you2 but the dogs did not listen to his words1 for two of them rushed at ,robin and tore his mantle of ,lincoln green from off his back4 ,his men were kept busy defending themselves1 for every arrow shot at a dog was caught and held in the creature's mouth4 ,robin's men were not used to fight with dogs1 and felt they were getting beaten4 ,at last ,little ,john bade the friar call off his dogs1 and as he did not do so1 he let fly some arrows1 which this time left half a dozen dead on the ground4 ,hold1 hold1 my good fellow1 said the friar1 till your master and ,i can come to a bargain2 and when the bargain was made1 this was how it ran3 that the friar was to forswear ,fountains ,abbey and join ,robin ,hood1 and that he should be paid a golden noble every ,sunday throughout the year1 besides a change of clothes on each holy day4 ,this ,friar had kept ,fountains ,dale ,seven long years or more2 ,there was neither ,knight1 nor ,lord1 nor ,earl ,could make him yield before4 ,but now he became one of the most famous members of ,robin ,hood's men under the name of ,friar ,tuck4 ,,how ,,robin ,,hood ,,and ,,little ,,john ,,fell ,,out ,one ,whitsunday morning1 when the sun was shining and the birds singing1 ,robin ,hood called to ,little ,john to come with him into ,nottingham to church4 ,as was their custom1 they took their bows1 and on the way ,little ,john proposed that they should shoot a match1 with a penny for a wager4 ,robin1 who held that he shot better than any ,other man living1 laughed in scorn1 and told ,little ,john that he should have three tries to his master's one1 which ,john without more ado accepted4 ,but ,robin soon repented both of his offer and his scorn1 for ,little ,john speedily won five shillings1 whereat ,robin became angry and smote ,little ,john with his hand4 ,little ,john was not the man to bear being treated so1 and he told ,robin roundly that he would never more own him for master1 and straightway turned back into the wood4 ,at this1 ,robin was ashamed of what he had done1 but his pride would not suffer him to say so2 and he continued his way to ,nottingham1 and entered the ,church of ,st4 ,mary1 not without secret fears1 for the ,sheriff of the town was ever his enemy4 ,however1 there he was1 and there he meant to stay4 ,he knelt down in the sight of all the people2 but none knew him save one man only1 and he stole out of church and ran to the ,sheriff and bade him come quickly and take his foe4 ,the ,sheriff was not slow to do what he was bidden1 and1 calling his men to follow him1 he marched to the church4 ,the noise they made in entering caused ,robin to look round4 ,alas1 alas1 he said to himself1 now miss ,i ,little ,john4 ,but he drew his two-handed sword and laid about him in such wise that twelve of the ,sheriff's men lay dead before him4 ,then ,robin found himself face to face with the ,sheriff1 and gave him a fierce blow2 but his sword broke on the ,sheriff's head1 and he had shot away all his arrows4 ,so the men closed round him and bound his arms4 ,ill news travels fast1 and not many hours had passed before the foresters heard that their master was in prison4 ,they wept and moaned and wrung their hands1 and seemed to have gone suddenly mad1 till ,little ,john bade them pluck up their hearts and help him deal with the ,sheriff4 ,the next morning ,little ,john hid himself and waited with a comrade till he saw a messenger riding along the road1 carrying letters from the ,sheriff to the ,king1 telling him of the capture of ,robin ,hood4 ,whence come you8 asked ,little ,john1 going up to the messenger1 and can you give us tidings of an outlaw named ,robin ,hood1 who was taken prisoner yesterday8 ,you may thank me that he is taken1 said the rider1 for ,i laid hands on him4 ,i thank you so much that ,i and my friend will bear you company1 said ,little ,john1 for in this forest are many wild men who own ,robin ,hood for leader1 and you ride along this road at the peril of your life4 ,they went on together1 talking the while1 when suddenly ,little ,john seized the horse by the head and pulled down the rider4 ,he was my master1 said ,little ,john1 ,that you have brought to bale2 ,never shall you come at the ,king ,for to tell him that tale4 ,then taking the letters1 ,little ,john carried them to the ,king4 ,when they arrived at the palace in the presence of the ,king1 ,little ,john and his companion fell on their knees and held out the letters4 ,god save you1 my liege lord1 they said1 and the ,king unfolded the letters and read them4 ,then he handed his own seal to ,little ,john and ordered him to bear it to the ,sheriff and bid him without delay bring ,robin ,hood unhurt into his presence4 ,there never was yeoman in ,merry ,england that ,i longed so sore to see1 he said4 ,the ,king also ordered his treasurer to give the messengers twenty pounds each1 and made them yeomen of the crown4 ,little ,john took the ,king's seal to the ,sheriff1 who made him and his companion welcome because they came from the ,king4 ,he set a feast for them1 and after he had eaten he fell asleep4 ,then the two outlaws stole softly to the prison4 ,they overpowered the guard and1 taking the keys1 hunted through the cells until they found ,robin ,hood4 ,little ,john whispered to his master to follow him1 and they crept along till they reached the lowest part of the city wall1 from which they jumped and were safe and free4 ,now1 farewell1 said ,little ,john2 ,i have done you a good turn for an ill4 ,not so1 answered ,robin ,hood2 ,i make you master of my men and me4 ,but ,little ,john would hear nothing of it4 ,i only wish to be your comrade1 and thus it shall be1 he replied4 ,little ,john has beguiled us both1 said the ,king1 when he heard of the adventure4 ,,how ,,the ,,king ,,visited ,,robin ,,hood ,now the ,king had no mind that ,robin ,hood should do as he willed1 and called his ,knights to follow him to ,nottingham1 where they would lay plans how best to take captive the outlaw4 ,here they heard sad tales of ,robin's misdoings1 and how of the many herds of wild deer that had roamed the forest1 in some places scarce one deer remained4 ,this was the work of ,robin ,hood and his merry men1 on whom the ,king swore vengeance with a great oath4 ,i would ,i had this ,robin ,hood in my hands1 cried he1 and an end should soon be put to his doings4 ,so spake the ,king2 but an old ,knight1 full of days and wisdom1 answered him and warned him that the task of taking ,robin ,hood would be a sore one1 and best let alone4 ,the ,king1 who had seen the vanity of his hot words the moment that he had uttered them1 listened to the old man and resolved to bide his time until perchance some day ,robin should fall into his power4 ,all this time1 and for six weeks later that he dwelt in ,nottingham1 the ,king could hear nothing of ,robin1 who seemed to have vanished into the earth with his merry men1 though one by one the deer were vanishing1 too4 ,at last one day a forester came to the ,king and told him that if he would see ,robin he must come with him and take five of his best ,knights4 ,the ,king eagerly sprang up to do his bidding1 and the six men1 clad in monks' clothes1 mounted their palfreys and rode merrily along1 the ,king wearing an ,abbot's broad hat over his crown1 and singing as he passed through the greenwood4 ,suddenly at the turn of a path ,robin and his archers appeared before them4 ,by your leave1 ,sir ,abbot1 said ,robin1 seizing the ,king's bridle1 you will stay a while with us4 ,know that we are yeomen1 who live upon the ,king's deer1 and other food have we none4 ,now you have abbeys and churches1 and gold in plenty2 therefore give us some of it1 in the name of holy charity4 ,i have no more than forty pounds with me1 answered the ,king1 but sorry ,i am it is not a hundred1 for you should have it all4 ,so ,robin took the forty pounds1 and gave half to his men1 and then told the ,king he might go on his way4 ,i thank you1 said the ,king1 but ,i would have you know that our liege lord has bid me bear you his seal and pray you to come to ,nottingham4 ,at this message ,robin bent his knee4 ,i love no man in all the world ,so well as ,i do my ,king1 he cried1 and ,sir ,abbot1 for thy tidings1 which fill my heart with joy1 today thou shalt dine with me1 for love of my ,king4 ,then he led the ,king into an open place1 and ,robin took a horn and blew it loud1 and at its blast seven score of young men came speedily to do his will4 ,they are quicker to do his bidding than my men are to do mine1 said the ,king to himself4 ,speedily the foresters set out the dinner1 roasts of venison and loaves of white bread1 and ,robin and ,little ,john served the ,king4 ,make good cheer1 said ,robin1 ,abbot1 for charity1 and then you shall see what sort of life we lead1 so that you may tell our ,king4 ,when he had finished eating1 the archers took their bows and hung rose-garlands up with a string1 and every man was to shoot through the garland4 ,if he failed1 he should have a buffet on the head from ,robin4 ,good bowmen as they were1 few managed to stand the test4 ,little ,john and ,will ,scarlett and ,much all shot wide of the mark1 and at length no one was left in but ,robin himself and ,gilbert of the ,wide ,hand4 ,then ,robin fired his last bolt1 and it fell three fingers from the garland4 ,master1 said ,gilbert1 you have lost2 stand forth and take your punishment1 as was agreed4 ,i will take it1 answered ,robin1 but1 ,sir ,abbot1 ,i pray you that ,i may suffer it at your hands4 ,the ,king hesitated4 ,it does not become me1 he said1 to smite such a stout yeoman2 but ,robin bade him smite on and spare him not2 so he turned up his sleeve1 and gave ,robin such a lusty buffet on the head that he lost his feet and rolled upon the ground4 ,there is pith in your arm1 said ,robin4 ,come1 shoot a main with me4 ,and the ,king took up a bow1 and in so doing his hat fell back1 and ,robin saw his face4 ,my lord the ,king of ,england1 now ,i know you well1 cried he2 and he fell on his knees1 and all the outlaws with him4 ,mercy ,i ask1 my lord the ,king1 for all my brave foresters and me4 ,mercy ,i grant1 then said the ,king2 and therefore ,i came hither1 to bid you and your men leave the greenwood and dwell in my ,court with me4 ,so shall it be1 answered ,robin2 ,i and my men will come to your ,court1 and see how your service liketh us4 ,,robin ,,at ,,court ,have you any green cloth1 asked the ,king1 that you could sell to me8 and ,robin brought out thirty yards and more1 and clad the ,king and his men in coats of ,lincoln green4 ,now we will all ride to ,nottingham1 said he1 and they went merrily1 shooting by the way4 ,the people of ,nottingham saw them coming and trembled as they watched the dark mass of ,lincoln green drawing near over the fields4 ,i fear lest our ,king be slain1 whispered one to another2 and if ,robin ,hood gets into the town1 there is not one of us whose life is safe2 and every man1 woman1 and child made ready to flee4 ,the ,king laughed out when he saw their fright1 and called them back4 ,right glad were they to hear his voice1 and they feasted and made merry4 ,a few days later the ,king returned to ,london1 and ,robin dwelt in his ,court for twelve months4 ,by that time he had spent a hundred pounds1 for he gave largely to the ,knights and squires he met1 and great renown he had for his open-handedness4 ,but his men1 who had been born under the shadow of the forest1 could not live amid streets and houses4 ,one by one they slipped away1 till only ,little ,john and ,will ,scarlett were left4 ,then ,robin himself grew homesick1 and at the sight of some young men shooting he thought upon the time when he was accounted the best archer in all ,england1 and went straightway to the ,king and begged for leave to go on a pilgrimage4 ,i may not say you nay1 answered the ,king2 seven nights you may be gone and no more4 ,and ,robin thanked him1 and that evening set out for the greenwood4 ,it was early morning when he reached it at last1 and listened thirstily to the notes of singing birds1 great and small4 ,it seems long since ,i was here1 he said to himself2 it would give me great joy if ,i could bring down a deer once more2 and he shot a great hart1 and blew his horn1 and all the outlaws of the forest came flocking round him4 ,welcome1 they said1 our dear master1 back to the greenwood tree2 and they threw off their caps and fell on their knees before him in delight at his return4 ,naught that the ,king could say would tempt ,robin ,hood back again1 and he dwelt in the greenwood for two and twenty years after he had run away from ,court4 ,and he was ever a faithful friend1 kind to the poor1 and gentle to all women4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,historical ,note4 ,when ,william the ,conqueror became ,king of ,england he destroyed many villages and towns to make royal forests in which he might enjoy his favorite sport of hunting4 ,the most famous of the hunting grounds was in ,hampshire and was called the ,new ,forest4 ,hundreds of poor people were driven from their homes and left shelterless that this hunting park might be made4 ,in order to keep up these hunting grounds1 ,william and the ,kings who followed him made very severe laws for the protection of the deer4 ,the temptation to shoot these deer must have been very strong1 especially to men living near the forest1 for the ,english at that time excelled all other nations in the use of the long bow4 ,in consequence of this1 many men killed the ,king's deer1 and fled to the woods to escape punishment4 ,there they formed into bands and1 knowing the forests so well1 were safe from the ,king's officers4 ,among these outlaws were many brave and skillful archers1 but none was ever more famous than the hero of this story1 ,robin ,hood4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,why was ,robin ,hood obliged to live in the forest8 #b4 ,how did he win the friendship of ,little ,john8 #c4 ,what did ,robin ,hood tell him about the ,sheriff of ,nottingham8 #d4 ,describe the appearance of the ,knight whom ,little ,john met in the forest4 #e4 ,what foods were prepared for the dinner which ,robin ,hood invited the ,knight8 #f4 ,how had these provisions been obtained8 #g4 ,what story did the ,knight tell to ,robin ,hood8 #h4 ,how did ,robin ,hood help him8 #i4 ,where do you think the treasure chest was kept8 #aj4 ,from whom had this treasure been taken8 #aa4 ,how did the ,knight show his gratitude after he regained his lands8 #ab4 ,why did the ,sheriff of ,nottingham want ,little ,john in his service8 #ac4 ,what thought was constantly in ,little ,john's mind8 #ad4 ,how did he accomplish his purpose8 #ae4 ,what explanation did he give to ,robin ,hood for what he brought from the ,sheriff's house8 #af4 ,how did he induce the ,sheriff to follow him to the place where ,robin ,hood was8 #ag4 ,what punishment did ,robin ,hood decide upon for the ,sheriff8 ,why did he not carry it out8 #ah4 ,how was ,robin ,hood captured by the ,sheriff8 #ai4 ,what reason do you think the ,king had for wanting to see ,robin ,hood8 #bj4 ,what did he determine to do after ,robin ,hood's escape8 #ba4 ,find words in which ,robin ,hood expressed his love for his ,king4 #bb4 ,what offer did the ,king make to ,robin ,hood and his men8 ,why did the ,king make them such an offer8 #bc4 ,why did ,robin dislike living at ,court8 #bd4 ,how long did ,robin ,hood live in the greenwood after he left the ,court8 #be4 ,under what conditions do you think life in the forest would be pleasant8 #bf4 ,what were these men obliged to give up when they went into the forest to live8 #bg4 ,what did they gain by living in the forest8 #bh4 ,when did ,robin ,hood show himself generous8 #bi4 ,when did ,robin show himself merciful8 #cj4 ,what do you think of ,little ,john's treatment of the ,sheriff of ,nottingham after he had lived in his house8 #ca4 ,when did ,little ,john show himself a loyal friend8 #cb4 ,when did he show himself hard and cruel8 #cc4 ,what things mentioned in this story show that the manners and life of the people in ,england at this time were rough8 #cd4 ,what qualities were most admired in men at the time of ,robin ,hood8 #ce4 ,what was the reason for this8 #cf4 ,make a list showing the good qualities of ,robin ,hood1 such as his courtesy1 his justice1 his sense of fair play4 ,mention the incidents that illustrate each characteristic4 #cg4 ,show that this story has the two values mentioned in the last paragraph of page #adf4 #ch4 ,why did ,robin dislike the ,sheriff8 #ci4 ,find1 from the story1 ways in which poor or unfortunate men were oppressed by the laws in those days4 #dj4 ,did the laws seem made to give equal justice to all1 or unfair advantages to the rich and powerful8 #da4 ,how do you think ,robin felt about these matters8 #db4 ,how did he try to take the side of the poor men who were thus unfairly dealt with by the government8 #dc4 ,tell the story of ,friar ,tuck4 #dd4 ,why did the ,king take such an interest in ,robin8 ,do you think the ,king was glad to get away from the ,court8 ,why8 #de4 ,what did he say about the way in which ,robin was obeyed by his followers8 #df4 ,what does the ,forward ,look tell you about the source of this story8 #dg4 ,class readings3 ,little ,john's first adventure1 omitting all but the dialogue1 7#c pupils72 ,robin and his archers with the ,king2 ,robin at the ,king's ,court4 #dh4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story of ,robin ,hood1 using these topics3 7a7 the home of ,robin in ,sherwood ,forest2 7b7 the coming of ,little ,john2 7c7 ,little ,john's first adventure1 7d7 the ,knight's recovery of his lands2 7e7 ,little ,john as the ,sheriff's servant2 7f7 ,robin's meeting with ,friar ,tuck2 7g7 the disagreement between ,robin and ,little ,john2 7h7 the ,king's visit to ,robin ,hood2 7i7 ,robin at ,court4 #di4 ,you will enjoy seeing the pictures in the edition of ,robin ,hood illustrated by ,n4 ,c4 ,wyeth4 #ej4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 abbey2 battlements ell2 coffers2 tourneys2 hart2 broom2 boon2 noble4 #ea4 ,pronounce3 ,plantagenets2 palfreys2 peasants2 yeoman2 toll2 pheasants2 naught2 hie2 surety2 ,justiciar2 gainsaid2 jousts2 heir2 tryst2 steward2 balked2 lea2 ado2 liege2 beguiled2 buffet4 ,phrases for ,study ,king's ,council1 stout fellow1 took no toll1 break my fast1 sorry pass1 guided of my counsel1 stay surety1 beseems his quality1 stand you in yeoman's stead1 redeem them1 was minded to try1 without more ado1 in such wise1 brought to bale1 shoot a main1 service liketh us4 ,,gulliver',s ,,travels ,,jonathan ,,swift 7,ed4--,this story1 in it's original1 uncondensed version1 in addition to many others1 can be found at the web site https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org1 searching in the index for the title ,gulliver's ,travels47 ,,gulliver ,,sails ,,for ,,the ,,south ,,sea ,,and ,,is ,,shipwrecked ,my name is ,lemuel ,gulliver1 and my home is in ,nottinghamshire4 ,i went to college at ,cambridge1 where ,i studied hard1 for ,i knew my father was not rich enough to keep me when ,i should become a man1 and that ,i must be able to earn my own living4 ,i decided to be a doctor1 but as ,i had always longed to travel1 ,i learned to be a good sailor as well4 ,when ,i had succeeded in becoming both doctor and sailor1 ,i married1 and with my wife's consent ,i became surgeon upon a ship and made many voyages4 ,one of these voyages was with ,captain ,prichard1 master of a vessel called the ,antelope1 bound for the ,south ,sea4 ,we set sail from ,bristol and started upon our journey very fairly1 until there came a violent storm that drove our ship near an island called ,van ,diemen's ,land4 ,the ,antelope was driven against a rock1 which wrecked and split the vessel in half4 ,six of the sailors and myself let down one of the small boats1 and1 getting into it1 rowed away from the ruined vessel and the dangerous rock4 ,we rowed until we were so tired we could no longer hold the oars2 then we were obliged to allow our boat to go as the waves carried it4 ,suddenly there came another violent gust of wind from the north1 and our small boat was at once overturned4 ,i do not know what became of my unfortunate companions1 but ,i fear all must have been drowned4 ,i was a good swimmer1 and ,i swam for my life4 ,i went the best way ,i could1 pushed forward by wind and tide4 ,sometimes ,i let my legs drop to see if my feet touched the bottom1 and when ,i was almost overcome and fainting1 ,i found to my great joy that ,i was out of the deep water and able to walk4 ,by this time the storm was over4 ,i walked about a mile1 until ,i reached the shore1 and when ,i stood upon land ,i could not see a sign of any houses or people4 ,i felt very weak and tired2 so ,i lay down upon the grass1 which was very short and soft2 and soon fell into a sound sleep4 ,i must have slept all that night1 for when ,i awoke1 it was bright daylight4 ,i tried to rise1 but found ,i was not able even to move4 ,i had been lying upon my back1 and ,i found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground2 and that my hair1 which was long and thick1 was also tied to the ground4 ,i felt several slender threads over my body4 ,fastened in this way1 ,i could only look upwards1 and1 as the sun came out and shone in my eyes1 this was very uncomfortable4 ,i heard a queer noise about me1 but could see nothing except the sky4 ,in a little while ,i felt something alive moving on my left leg2 this thing came gently forward over my breast and almost up to my chin4 ,bending my eyes downward as much as ,i could1 ,i saw a tiny human creature1 not more than six inches high1 with a tiny bow and arrow in his hands4 ,while ,i gazed in astonishment1 forty more of the same kind followed the first4 ,i called out so loud in my amazement that they all ran back in a fright1 and ,i felt them leaping from my sides to the ground4 ,however1 they soon returned1 and one of them came up so far as to get a full sight of my face4 ,as he looked at me1 he held up his hands and cried out in a shrill but distinct voice1 ,hekinah degul6 ,of course ,i did not understand what this meant1 but from the tone in which it was said ,i thought it must express admiration for me4 ,all this time ,i lay in great uneasiness4 ,at length ,i struggled to get loose1 and managed to break the strings and pull up the pegs that fastened my left arm to the ground4 ,then with a violent tug that caused me much pain ,i broke the strings that tied down my hair on the left side1 and was then able to turn my head a trifle4 ,the little people all ran off before ,i could seize them1 and there was a great deal of shouting in very shrill voices4 ,then in about an instant ,i felt quite a hundred arrows shot on my left hand1 which pricked me like so many needles4 ,besides this1 another hundred were shot into the air and fell all over my body1 and some upon my face4 ,when this shower of arrows was over1 ,i lay groaning with the pain and covering my face with my free hand4 ,i had only just done so in time1 for immediately another and larger shower fell upon me1 and some of the little people tried to stick their spears into my sides2 but luckily ,i had a leather waistcoat on1 which the tiny spears could not pierce4 ,after this1 ,i thought ,i had better lie still and remain very quiet till night came4 ,then ,i hoped this odd army would leave me and ,i should be able to set myself free4 ,i was not at all afraid of any number of such small people1 once ,i had the use of my limbs4 ,,gulliver ,,is ,,visited ,,by ,,the ,,emperor ,when they saw ,i was quiet1 they stopped shooting arrows2 and1 as ,i was almost starving1 ,i tried to show them ,i wanted food by putting my finger to my mouth1 and looking beseechingly at them1 praying them to give me something to eat4 ,soon several ladders were put against my sides4 ,upon these about a hundred of the people mounted and walked toward my mouth1 carrying baskets full of meat4 ,this meat was in the same shape as shoulders1 legs1 and loins of mutton1 but smaller than the wings of a lark4 ,it was all well dressed and cooked1 and ,i ate two or three joints at a mouthful and took three loaves at a time1 which were no bigger than bullets4 ,the little people gave the food to me as fast as they could1 and showed much wonder at the greatness of my appetite4 ,i must confess ,i was tempted to pick up those who were running over my body and throw them to the ground4 ,but remembering the shower of arrows and the food they had given me1 ,i felt ,i was bound in honor not to do them harm4 ,i could not help thinking these tiny creatures were plucky and brave1 that they should dare to walk over such a giant as ,i must seem to them1 although one of my hands was free to seize upon them4 ,after a time there came before me no less a personage than his ,imperial ,majesty1 the ,emperor of these odd little people4 ,his ,majesty mounted my right leg and advanced forward to my face1 followed by a dozen of his courtiers4 ,as he stood looking at my face1 he spoke for about ten minutes without any sign of anger1 but very gravely and sternly1 and often pointing in front of him1 toward1 as ,i afterwards found1 the capital city4 ,to this city the people agreed ,i was to be carried1 and it lay about half a mile off4 ,i made signs to the ,emperor that ,i wanted to be freed from the cords that bound me to the earth1 and allowed to rise4 ,but although he understood me well enough1 his ,majesty shook his head and showed me ,i must be carried as a prisoner4 ,however1 he made other signs that told me ,i should have meat and drink1 and was not to be ill-treated4 ,after this the ,emperor and his train got off my body and went away4 ,soon after1 ,i felt a great number of people at my left side2 and they loosened the cords that held me1 and so let me turn a little upon my right and get more ease in my uncomfortable position4 ,then they put some sweet-smelling ointment upon my face and hands1 which soon removed the smart of the arrows4 ,being thus refreshed1 ,i again fell into a deep sleep1 which lasted some hours4 ,these little people were very clever at making all kinds of machines and engines for carrying heavy weights4 ,they built their ships and men-of-war1 which were about the length of a large dining-table1 in the woods where the timber grew1 and then carried them to the sea upon the machines they made4 ,they now set to work to prepare the greatest engine they had1 which was a frame of wood1 raised three inches from the ground1 and about as long as one of our bedsteads and nearly as wide across4 ,five hundred carpenters and engineers got this machine into readiness to carry me to the city4 ,there was loud shouting1 as it was brought up to my side2 and then came the chief difficulty1 which was how to lift me on to it4 ,eighty poles were driven into the ground1 each pole about as tall as an ordinary ruler4 ,then the workmen bound my neck1 hands1 body1 and legs in bandages1 and to these bandages they fixed hooks with the strongest cords fastened to them4 ,nine hundred of the strongest men then drew up these cords by pulleys attached to the poles1 and thus in about three hours ,i was raised and slung upon the machine1 and there tied fast4 ,fifteen hundred of the ,emperor's largest horses1 each about four inches and a half high1 were used to draw me on the machine1 to the city4 ,when at last we arrived at the city gates1 the ,emperor and all his court came out to meet us4 ,at the place where we stopped there stood a very old temple1 which was the largest in the whole kingdom4 ,the people no longer used it to worship in1 and it had been emptied of all its furniture and ornaments4 ,it was in this building the ,emperor decided ,i should live4 ,the great gate was about four feet high and two feet wide1 and ,i could easily creep through it4 ,upon each side of the gate was a small window1 just six inches from the ground4 ,to one of these windows the ,emperor's smith fixed ninety-one chains1 like those we use as watch chains in ,england1 and these chains were locked to my left leg by thirty-six padlocks4 ,just in front of the temple there was a turret five feet high1 and the ,emperor and his principal nobles got upon the top of this turret to be able to look at me as ,i lay4 ,so many people crowded from the city to see me1 and all mounted upon my body by the help of ladders1 that at last the ,emperor gave an order that no one else must do so1 on penalty of death4 ,for this ,i was very glad1 as ,i was becoming quite worn out4 ,when the workmen found it was impossible for me to break my chains and get free1 they cut all the strings that bound me1 and ,i rose up feeling very strange and sad4 ,the astonishment of the people at seeing me rise was truly great4 ,the chains that held my left leg were two yards long1 and that allowed me to walk backwards and forwards1 and also to creep into the temple and lie down4 ,,gulliver ,,is ,,kept ,a ,,prisoner ,,at ,,the ,,capital ,when ,i found myself on my feet1 ,i looked about at the surrounding country4 ,it seemed like one big garden1 and the fields1 which were about the size of an ordinary room1 appeared like so many beds of flowers4 ,then there were the little patches of trees1 which made the woods of this tiny country1 and the tallest tree among them was not much higher than an ,englishman4 ,the little city itself looked like the painted scene in a theater4 ,as ,i was extremely tired1 ,i did not stay long to look1 but crept into my house and shut the door after me4 ,when ,i had rested1 ,i came out again and stepped backward and forward as far as my chains allowed4 ,then the ,emperor began to ride up to me2 but upon seeing me1 the horse took fright and nearly threw its rider1 which was no wonder1 as the poor animal must have thought ,i was a moving mountain4 ,the prince was an excellent horseman and kept his seat well1 while his attendants ran to assist him4 ,then his ,majesty got off his horse and walked up to me and seemed to look at me with great admiration1 but did not come near enough for me to touch him4 ,he ordered his cooks to bring me more food and drink1 and they brought me the food put into carriages upon wheels1 which they pushed forward until ,i could reach them4 ,i very soon emptied the carriages4 ,the ,empress and the young princes1 with many other nobles and ladies1 all came and gathered round the ,emperor and watched me while ,i ate4 ,his ,majesty was taller than any of the others2 that is to say1 he stood about the breadth of my nail above the heads of his people4 ,he was handsome and well made and had an air of great dignity4 ,i heard that he had reigned seven years1 and had been victorious1 and that he was much respected4 ,his dress was very plain1 except that he had on his head a light helmet made of gold and adorned with jewels and with a plume upon it4 ,he now held his drawn sword in his hand1 to defend himself if ,i should happen to break loose4 ,this sword was about three inches long1 and the hilt and case of it were gold1 enriched with diamonds4 ,after about two hours the court went away1 and ,i was left with a guard of soldiers to keep the people from crowding round me4 ,this guard was necessary1 for one of the men had the impudence to shoot an arrow at me as ,i sat upon the ground1 and it nearly hit my eye4 ,then the soldiers ordered the man to be seized and bound and given into my hands to punish4 ,i took him up and made a face as if ,i were going to eat him4 ,the poor little fellow screamed terribly1 and even the soldiers looked very much alarmed when ,i took out my penknife4 ,however1 ,i soon put an end to their fears1 for ,i cut the strings that bound my captive and set him gently upon the ground and let him run away4 ,i saw that all the soldiers and people were delighted at this mark of my mercy and gentleness2 and ,i afterwards heard they told the ,emperor about it1 and he was very pleased with me4 ,when night came1 ,i crept into my shelter again and lay upon the ground to sleep4 ,the next day the ,emperor gave orders for a bed to be made for me4 ,the workmen brought six hundred beds to my house in carriages1 and sewed them all together to make one large enough for me to lie upon4 ,they did the same with sheets and blankets1 and at the end of two weeks' labor my bed was ready for me4 ,as the news of my arrival spread over the kingdom1 it brought numbers of people to see me4 ,the villages were almost emptied1 and those men and women who should have been at work came to the city to gaze at me4 ,at last the ,emperor gave orders that all who had seen me once were to go to their homes immediately1 and not come near me again without his ,majesty's permission4 ,the ,emperor and his court met together to talk over what could be done with me1 which seemed a very difficult question4 ,they were afraid ,i might break my chains and do them harm2 then they were afraid that ,i would eat so much that it would cause a famine in the land and there would be no food left for them4 ,luckily for me1 his ,majesty remembered the kind way ,i had treated the man who shot the arrow at me1 and because of my good behavior he allowed me to live4 ,orders were given for each of the villages round the city to send in every morning six cows and forty sheep for my meals1 and also bread and wine1 for all of which the ,emperor paid4 ,i was also given six hundred little men as my servants1 and these built their tents upon each side of my door4 ,then three hundred tailors set to work to make me a suit of clothes like those worn in that country1 and six of the most learned men taught me to speak the language4 ,lastly1 the ,emperor's horses and those of the nobles and soldiers were ridden and exercised before me1 until they became quite used to seeing me and would trot quietly past4 ,,gulliver ,,is ,,given ,,his ,,liberty ,my quiet and good behavior so pleased the ,emperor and his court that ,i began to hope he would soon give me my liberty4 ,i did all ,i could to make the people like me and lose their fear of me4 ,i would lie down and let five or six of them dance upon my hand1 and at last the boys and girls even dared to come and play at hide-and-seek in my hair4 ,there was one general1 named ,skyresh1 who was my enemy4 ,i had not given him any cause to dislike me1 but he did1 and it was he who tried to persuade the ,emperor not to give me my liberty4 ,however1 ,i implored his ,majesty so often to set me free that at last he promised to do so1 but he first made me swear to certain conditions which were to be read to me4 ,these conditions were as follows3 ,his ,majesty1 the mighty ,emperor of ,lilliput1 proposes to the ,man-,mountain the following articles1 which he must swear to perform3 ,first4 ,the ,man-,mountain shall not depart from our country without our permission4 ,second4 ,he shall not enter our chief city without our express consent4 ,third4 ,he shall walk only along the principal roads1 and not over our meadows and fields of corn4 ,fourth4 ,as he walks he must take the greatest care not to trample upon any of our subjects1 or their horses and carriages1 and he must not take any into his hands without their consent4 ,fifth4 ,if we desire to send a message anywhere1 very quickly1 the ,man-,mountain shall be obliged to carry the messenger and his horse in his pocket and return with them safe to our court4 ,sixth4 ,he must promise not to join the army of our enemies in the island of ,blefuscu1 and he must do his utmost to destroy their fleet of ships1 which is now preparing to attack us4 ,seventh4 ,the ,man-,mountain shall always be ready to help our workmen in lifting heavy weights4 ,eighth4 ,he must walk all round our island and then tell us how many steps round it measures4 ,lastly4 ,the ,man-,mountain shall have a daily allowance of food sufficient for #agbd of our subjects4 ,all of these conditions he must take a solemn oath to keep4 ,then he shall be allowed his liberty4 ,i swore to keep these promises1 and my chains were at once unlocked and ,i was at full liberty4 ,i expressed my gratitude by casting myself at the ,emperor's feet1 but he graciously commanded me to rise1 telling me he hoped ,i would prove a useful servant and deserve all the favors he had conferred upon me4 ,one morning1 about a fortnight after ,i had obtained my liberty1 the principal noble who managed the ,emperor's private affairs1 and whose name was ,reldresal1 came to my house1 attended by only one servant4 ,he asked to speak to me privately1 and ,i readily consented1 as he had always shown me much kindness4 ,i offered to lie down so that he could speak into my ear1 but he chose to let me hold him in my hand during our conversation4 ,he told me that the island of ,lilliput was threatened with invasion by an army from the island of ,blefuscu1 which was the next island1 and one almost as large and powerful as ,lilliput itself4 ,these two islands and their ,emperors had for some time been engaged in a most obstinate war4 ,reldresal told me that his ,majesty had just heard that the ,blefuscudians had got together a large fleet of warships and were preparing to invade ,lilliput4 ,his ,majesty said he placed great trust in my power to help them in this trouble1 and had commanded his officer to lay the case before me4 ,i told ,reldresal to present my humble duty to the ,emperor and tell him ,i thought it would hardly be fair for me1 as ,i was a foreigner1 to interfere between the two islands4 ,but ,i said ,i was quite ready1 even at the risk of my life1 to defend his ,majesty's state and person against all invaders4 ,the island of ,blefuscu was separated from ,lilliput by a channel eight hundred yards wide4 ,i had not yet seen it1 but after hearing that the ,emperor of ,blefuscu had a fleet of ships upon the water1 ,i kept from going near the coast1 as ,i did not want to be noticed by the enemy4 ,the ,blefuscudians did not know of my presence in ,lilliput4 ,i told his ,majesty1 the ,emperor of ,lilliput1 that ,i had a plan by which ,i could seize all the enemy's ships4 ,,gulliver ,,captures ,,the ,,blefuscudian ,,fleet ,i had asked the most clever seamen upon the island how deep the channel was1 and they told me that in the middle it was about six feet deep1 and at the sides it was only four feet4 ,i then walked toward the coast and lay down behind a hillock2 here ,i took out my telescope and looked at the enemy's fleet4 ,it consisted of fifty men-of-war and a great number of smaller vessels4 ,i hurried back to my house and gave orders for a quantity of the strongest rope and bars of iron4 ,the ,emperor said all my orders were to be carried out4 ,the rope that was brought me was only as thick as our packing thread1 and the iron bars were the length and size of a knitting-needle4 ,i twisted three lengths of the rope together to make it stronger1 and three of the iron bars in the same way4 ,i turned up the ends of the bars to form a hook4 ,i fixed fifty hooks to as many pieces of rope1 and then ,i took them all down to the coast4 ,here ,i took off my shoes and stockings and coat1 and walked into the sea4 ,i waded until ,i came to the middle of the channel1 and1 the water being deep there1 ,i was obliged to swim about thirty yards4 ,after this ,i waded again1 and in less than half an hour ,i arrived at the fleet of the enemy4 ,the ,blefuscudians were so frightened when they saw me that they leaped out of their ships and swam to shore4 ,i then took my hooks and ropes and fastened a hook to the end of each vessel4 ,then ,i tied all the ropes together4 ,while ,i was doing this1 the enemy discharged several thousand arrows at me from the shore1 and many of the arrows stuck in my face and hands4 ,this hurt me very much1 and prevented my working quickly4 ,my worst fear was for my eyes1 which would certainly have been put out by arrows had ,i not thought of my spectacles4 ,these ,i fastened as strongly as ,i could upon my nose1 and1 thus protected1 ,i went boldly on1 while the arrows struck my glasses without even cracking them4 ,when ,i had fastened all my hooks1 ,i took the knot of ropes in my hands and began to pull4 ,but ,i could not move a single ship1 for they were all held fast by their anchors4 ,therefore ,i let go the cord1 and1 taking my knife from my pocket1 ,i cut the cables that held the anchors1 at the same time receiving about two hundred arrows from the enemy1 in my face and hands4 ,after this1 ,i once more grasped the ropes1 and1 with the greatest ease1 ,i pulled fifty of their largest vessels after me4 ,the ,blefuscudians were confounded with astonishment4 ,they had seen me cut the cables1 but thought ,i only meant to let the ships run adrift2 but when they saw me walking off with almost all of the fleet1 they set up a tremendous scream of grief and despair4 ,when ,i had got out of danger1 ,i stopped to pick out the arrows that were stuck in my hands and face1 and ,i rubbed on some of the ointment the ,lilliputians had given me4 ,then ,i took off my spectacles and waded on with my cargo4 ,as the tide was then fallen1 ,i did not need to swim through the middle1 but was able to walk right into the royal port of ,lilliput4 ,the ,emperor and all his court stood upon the shore1 watching for my return4 ,they saw the ships coming over the water1 in the form of a great half-moon1 and soon ,i was able to make the ,emperor hear my voice4 ,holding up my rope1 ,i cried aloud1 ,long live the most glorious ,emperor of ,lilliput6 ,his ,majesty received me with great joy and honor1 and made me a lord of the island upon the spot4 ,the ,emperor then wished me to try to bring all the rest of the enemy's ships to ,lilliput4 ,and he talked of taking the whole island of ,blefuscu1 and reigning over it himself4 ,i did not think this at all fair1 but very selfish and greedy of his ,majesty4 ,i tried to tell him so as politely as ,i could1 and said ,i could not help to bring a free and brave people into slavery4 ,my bold speech made the ,emperor very angry indeed1 and he never forgave me4 ,but most of his best nobles thought the same as ,i did1 although they dared not say so openly4 ,from this time his ,majesty and some of his court began to bear me ill-will1 which nearly ended in my death4 ,i considered this very mean of the ,emperor1 after my helping him as ,i did2 but like many other people1 he became ungrateful when he found he could not get all he wanted4 ,about three weeks after this the ,emperor of ,blefuscu sent messengers with humble offers to make peace2 to this the ,lilliputians agreed1 upon certain terms4 ,the messengers consisted of six nobles with a train of five hundred men4 ,they were all very grandly and magnificently dressed4 ,after they had spoken to our ,emperor1 they expressed a wish to come to visit me4 ,it seems they were told ,i had been their friend when the ,emperor asked me to help him take ,blefuscu1 and they came to thank me for my justice and generosity4 ,they invited me to visit their island1 where ,i should receive every kindness and hospitality4 ,i thanked their lordships very much1 and said ,i should be pleased to come and pay my respects to the ,emperor of ,blefuscu before ,i returned to my own country4 ,so the next time ,i saw our ,emperor ,i begged his permission to go to ,blefuscu1 which he was gracious enough to grant me1 although in a very cold manner4 ,i afterwards heard that my request displeased him1 and he did not like my making friends of the ,blefuscudians4 ,,the ,,inhabitants ,,of ,,lilliput--,,their ,,laws ,,and ,,customs ,i am now going to say a few words about the ,lilliputians and their laws and customs4 ,these little people are generally about six inches high1 their horses and oxen between four and five inches1 their sheep an inch and a half1 and their geese about the size of a sparrow4 ,one day ,i watched a cook pulling the feathers off a lark1 which was no bigger than a fly4 ,some of their laws are very unlike our ,english ones1 but they are very just all the same4 ,if a man accuses another of any crime1 and it is proved that he has told a lie and the man is innocent1 then the accuser is severely punished1 and the innocent man is rewarded for all the injustice and pain he has suffered4 ,this keeps people from being so ready to tell tales about others4 ,then deceit and cunning are considered greater crimes than stealing in ,lilliput1 for the people say that a man can take means to protect his goods and money1 but he cannot prevent another man's deceiving him4 ,and so1 if any man makes a promise of importance to another and then breaks it1 he is severely punished4 ,also1 if he has any money belonging to another and has promised to take care of it1 and then loses it through carelessness or spends any upon himself1 he is guilty of a crime4 ,another law is that not only the guilty should be punished1 but that the innocent shall be rewarded4 ,so that whoever shall behave himself well and keep the laws of his country for a whole year1 shall receive a sum of money and a favor from the ,emperor4 ,when the ,emperor has some special favor to confer1 or position to offer1 he does not choose the most clever or learned man to give it to1 but picks out the one who has been the best behaved and who is the bravest and truest among his subjects4 ,ingratitude among the ,lilliputians is considered a capital crime1 and anyone who returns evil for good is judged not fit to live4 ,i am sorry to say that the ,emperor and his people did not keep these good laws as they should have done1 for if they had1 his ,majesty would never have treated me so badly after ,i had done my best to help him4 ,in ,lilliput there are large public schools to which parents are bound to send their children4 ,here they are educated and fitted for some position in life1 for no one is allowed to be idle4 ,all the children are brought up very well indeed1 and taught to be honorable1 courageous1 and truthful men and women4 ,the nurses are forbidden to tell the children foolish or frightening stories1 and if they are found to do so1 they are soundly whipped and sent to a most lonely part of the country4 ,and now ,i will give a further account of my own way of living among these strange little people4 ,i had made myself a table and chair1 as large as ,i could get out of the biggest tree in the royal park4 ,two hundred sewing women were employed to make my shirts and the linen for my bed and table4 ,they got the strongest and coarsest linen the island could produce1 and even then they were obliged to sew several folds together to make it strong enough for my use4 ,the sewing women took my measure as ,i lay upon the ground1 one standing at my neck and another at my leg1 with a strong cord that each held1 one at one end and one at the other4 ,one clever woman fitted me for a shirt by simply taking the width of my right thumb1 for she said that twice round the thumb is once round the wrist1 and twice round the wrist is once round the neck1 and twice round the neck is once round the waist4 ,by this means she was able to fit me exactly4 ,the three hundred tailors who were employed to make my clothes had another way of measuring me4 ,i knelt down1 and they raised a ladder from the ground to my neck2 upon this ladder one man mounted1 and let fall a cord from my collar to the floor1 which was the length for my coat4 ,my waist and arms ,i measured myself4 ,as the largest piece of cloth made in the island was only about the size of a yard of wide ribbon1 my clothes looked like a patchwork quilt2 only1 the cloth was all of the same color4 ,i had three hundred cooks to prepare my food1 and each one cooked me two dishes4 ,when ,i was ready for my meal1 ,i took up twenty waiters in my hand and placed them upon the table2 a hundred more attended on the ground1 carrying the dishes4 ,the waiters upon the table drew these things up by cords1 as we might draw a bucket from a well4 ,one joint of meat generally made a mouthful for me1 but once ,i actually had a sirloin of beef so large that ,i was forced to make three bites of it4 ,i never had another as big4 ,the geese and turkeys also only made a mouthful1 and of the small fowl ,i could take up twenty at a time on my fork4 ,,gulliver ,,escapes ,,to ,,blefuscu ,i must now tell my reader of a great plot that had been formed against me in the island of ,lilliput4 ,i was preparing to pay my promised visit to the ,emperor of ,blefuscu1 when one day a ,lilliputian noble called at my house privately1 and at night2 and without sending in his name1 he asked me to allow him to come in and speak to me4 ,i went out and picked up his lordship and brought him on to my table4 ,then ,i fastened the door of my house and sat down in front of the noble4 ,as ,i saw he looked very anxious and troubled1 ,i asked him if anything was the matter4 ,at that he begged me to listen to him with patience1 as he had much to tell me that concerned my life and honor4 ,i replied that ,i was all eagerness to hear him1 and this is what he told me3 ,you must know1 said he1 that his ,majesty has lately had many private meetings with his nobles about yourself4 ,and two days ago he formed a plan that will do you great injury4 ,you know that ,skyresh has always been your mortal enemy2 and his hatred grew even more when you so successfully won the ships of the ,blefuscudians4 ,he was very jealous1 and considered you had taken away some of the glory that ought to have been his1 as an admiral of his ,majesty4 ,this lord1 with some others who dislike you1 has prepared a charge against you of treason and other crimes4 ,now1 because ,i consider this to be unjust treatment1 and because you have always shown me kindness and courtesy1 ,i have risked my life to come here tonight to warn you4 ,skyresh and the other nobles insisted that you should be put to death1 and that in the most cruel way3 either by setting fire to your house while you slept1 or by having you shot with poisoned arrows by twenty thousand men4 ,but his ,majesty could not be persuaded to do this cruelty1 and decided to spare your life4 ,then ,reldresal1 who has always been your true friend1 was asked by the ,emperor to give his opinion1 which he accordingly did4 ,he allowed your crimes to be very great1 but said that he considered mercy ought to be shown you in return for the services you had rendered the ,empire4 ,he advised his ,majesty to spare your life1 but have both your eyes put out4 ,by this means justice would be satisfied1 and the loss of your eyes would not take from your bodily strength1 so that you could still be useful to us4 ,this proposal of ,reldresal was not at all approved by the other lords4 ,skyresh flew into a great passion1 and said he wondered ,reldresal could dare to wish to save the life of a traitor4 ,he again accused you of being a traitor1 and insisted that you should be put to death4 ,still his ,majesty refused to consent to your death1 but said that1 as the court did not consider putting out your eyes was sufficient punishment for your crimes1 some other must be thought of4 ,then ,reldresal again spoke1 saying that1 as it cost so much to feed you1 another way of punishing you would be to give you less and less to eat1 until you were gradually starved to death4 ,this proposal was agreed upon1 but it was decided to keep the plan of starving you a great secret4 ,in three days from now ,reldresal will be sent here to read these accusations ,i have now told to you1 and to tell you that his ,majesty condemns you to the loss of your eyes4 ,twenty of his ,majesty's surgeons will attend in order to perform the operation1 which will be done by shooting very sharp pointed arrows into the balls of your eyes as you lie upon the ground4 ,i have now told you all that will happen to you1 and must leave you to act as you think best4 ,as no one must know ,i have been here with you now1 ,i must hasten back to the court as secretly as ,i can4 ,this his lordship immediately did1 leaving me in much doubt and trouble4 ,knowing the good and just laws of the island of ,lilliput1 ,i was much shocked and astonished to find the ,emperor could so far forget them as to condemn an innocent man to so brutal a punishment4 ,i tried to think what ,i had better do to save myself4 ,my first idea was to wait quietly and go through with my trial4 ,then ,i could plead my innocence and try to obtain mercy4 ,but1 upon second thoughts1 ,i saw that this was a dangerous1 almost a hopeless1 plan1 as my enemies at court were so bitter against me4 ,then ,i almost made up my mind to use my own strength1 for while ,i had liberty ,i knew that ,i could easily overcome all the ,lilliputians and knock the city to pieces with stones4 ,but ,i put the idea away as unfair and dishonorable1 because ,i had given my oath not to harm the island and its inhabitants4 ,and even though the ,emperor was so unjust and cruel to me1 ,i did not consider that his conduct freed me from the promise ,i had made4 ,at last ,i formed a plan by which ,i hoped to save my eyesight and my liberty1 and1 as things proved1 it was a very fortunate plan for me4 ,as ,i had obtained the ,emperor's permission to visit the island of ,blefuscu1 ,i at once made preparations to go there4 ,i sent a letter to ,reldresal telling him ,i intended to visit ,blefuscu1 according to the permission ,i had obtained from his ,majesty1 and that ,i was starts g that morning4 ,by wading and swimming ,i crossed the channel and reached the port of ,blefuscu4 ,i found the people there had long expected me1 and they appeared very pleased to see me4 ,they lent me two guides to show me the way to the capital city4 ,these men ,i held in my hands1 while they directed me which way to take4 ,having arrived at the city gate1 ,i put them down and desired them to tell his ,majesty1 the ,emperor of ,blefuscu1 that ,i was awaiting his commands4 ,i had an answer in about an hour1 which was that his ,majesty and the royal family were coming out to receive me4 ,the ,emperor and his train then rode out of the palace1 and the ,empress and her ladies also drove up in coaches4 ,they did not seem at all frightened at seeing me4 ,i lay upon the ground to kiss his ,majesty's and the ,empress's hands4 ,i told his ,majesty ,i had come according to my promise and with the consent of the ,emperor of ,lilliput1 and that ,i considered it a great honor to receive the welcome ,i did4 ,i also begged to offer his ,majesty any service ,i could render him4 ,i was treated with much kindness and generosity while at ,blefuscu2 but as there was no place large enough for me to get into1 ,i had to be without house and bed4 ,so ,i was forced to sleep upon the ground1 wrapped in my cloak4 ,,gulliver ,,returns ,,to ,,england ,three days after my arrival at ,blefuscu ,i was walking along the coast1 when ,i suddenly caught sight of some object in the sea that looked like a boat overturned4 ,i pulled off my shoes and stockings1 and waded out into the water4 ,as ,i drew near the object1 ,i could plainly see that it was a big boat1 which1 ,i suppose1 must have been driven there by some tempest4 ,having made this discovery1 ,i hastened back to shore and went to the city to beg his ,majesty to lend me twenty of his tallest ships1 and three thousand sailors1 under the command of an admiral4 ,the ,emperor gave his consent1 and the fleet of ships sailed to the place where ,i had discovered the boat4 ,i again waded into the water1 and found that the tide had driven the boat still nearer the shore4 ,the sailors in the ships were all provided with cord1 which ,i had twisted together and made strong4 ,i walked as near the boat as ,i could1 then swam up to it4 ,the sailors threw me the end of the cord1 which ,i fastened to part of the boat and the other end to a man-of-war4 ,then1 getting behind the boat1 ,i swam and pushed it as best ,i could with one hand until ,i had got it out of the deep water4 ,being then able to walk1 ,i rested a few minutes1 and then1 taking some other ropes1 ,i fastened all of them to the boat and they to the vessels the ,emperor had lent me4 ,then the sailors pulled1 and ,i shoved1 and1 the wind being favorable1 we arrived at the shore of ,blefuscu1 dragging the boat with us4 ,with the help of two thousand men1 with ropes and engines1 ,i was able to turn the boat upon the right side1 and found it was in quite good condition4 ,after this ,i worked hard for many days making paddles for my boat1 and getting it ready to go to sea in4 ,the people of ,blefuscu came and gazed in wonder and astonishment at so immense a vessel4 ,i told the ,emperor that my good fortune had thrown this boat in my way to carry me to some place from which ,i might be able to return to my native land4 ,and ,i begged his ,majesty to allow me to have materials with which to fit it up1 and also to give me his gracious permission to depart when it was ready4 ,this his ,majesty most kindly granted me4 ,five hundred workmen were employed to make two sails for my boat1 under my directions4 ,this had to be done by sewing together thirteen' folds of their strongest linen4 ,then ,i made rope by twisting together twenty or thirty lengths of the stoutest cord upon the island4 ,after a long search by the seashore ,i discovered a large stone1 which had to serve me for an anchor4 ,i used the fat of three hundred cows for greasing my boat4 ,then ,i set to work and cut down some of the largest trees to make into oars and masts4 ,his ,majesty's carpenters helped me greatly in smoothing them after ,i had cut them into shape4 ,in about a month all was ready1 and ,i sent to tell his ,majesty ,i was going to take my leave4 ,the ,emperor and royal family came out of the palace and allowed me to kiss their hands4 ,his ,majesty presented me with fifty purses containing two hundred pieces of gold hands4 ,i told his ,majesty ,i had come according to my promise and with the consent of the ,emperor of ,lilliput1 and that ,i considered it a great honor to receive the welcome ,i did4 ,i also begged to offer his ,majesty any service ,i could render him4 ,i was treated with much kindness and generosity while at ,blefuscu2 but as there was no place large enough for me to get into1 ,i had to be without house and bed4 ,so ,i was forced to sleep upon the ground1 wrapped in my cloak4 ,,gulliver ,,returns ,,to ,,england ,three days after my arrival at ,blefuscu ,i was walking along the coast1 when ,i suddenly caught sight of some object in the sea that looked like a boat overturned4 ,i pulled off my shoes and stockings1 and waded out into the water4 ,as ,i drew near the object1 ,i could plainly see that it was a big boat1 which1 ,i suppose1 must have been driven there by some tempest4 ,having made this discovery1 ,i hastened back to shore and went to the city to beg his ,majesty to lend me twenty of his tallest ships1 and three thousand sailors1 under the command of an admiral4 ,the ,emperor gave his consent1 and the fleet of ships sailed to the place where ,i had discovered the boat4 ,i again waded into the water1 and found that the tide had driven the boat still nearer the shore4 ,the sailors in the ships were all provided with cord1 which ,i had twisted together and made strong4 ,i walked as near the boat as ,i could1 then swam up to it4 ,the sailors threw me the end of the cord1 which ,i fastened to part of the boat and the other end to a man-of-war4 ,then1 getting behind the boat1 ,i swam and pushed it as best ,i could with one hand until ,i had got it out of the deep water4 ,being then able to walk1 ,i rested a few minutes1 and then1 taking some other ropes1 ,i fastened all of them to the boat and they to the vessels the ,emperor had lent me4 ,then the sailors pulled1 and ,i shoved1 and1 the wind being favorable1 we arrived at the shore of ,blefuscu1 dragging the boat with us4 ,with the help of two thousand men1 with ropes and engines1 ,i was able to turn the boat upon the right side1 and found it was in quite good condition4 ,after this ,i worked hard for many days making paddles for my boat1 and getting it ready to go to sea in4 ,the people of ,blefuscu came and gazed in wonder and astonishment at so immense a vessel4 ,i told the ,emperor that my good fortune had thrown this boat in my way to carry me to some place from which ,i might be able to return to my native land4 ,and ,i begged his ,majesty to allow me to have materials with which to fit it up1 and also to give me his gracious permission to depart when it was ready4 ,this his ,majesty most kindly granted me4 ,five hundred workmen were employed to make two sails for my boat1 under my directions4 ,this had to be done by sewing together thirteen' folds of their strongest linen4 ,then ,i made rope by twisting together twenty or thirty lengths of the stoutest cord upon the island4 ,after a long search by the seashore ,i discovered a large stone1 which had to serve me for an anchor4 ,i used the fat of three hundred cows for greasing my boat4 ,then ,i set to work and cut down some of the largest trees to make into oars and masts4 ,his ,majesty's carpenters helped me greatly in smoothing them after ,i had cut them into shape4 ,in about a month all was ready1 and ,i sent to tell his ,majesty ,i was going to take my leave4 ,the ,emperor and royal family came out of the palace and allowed me to kiss their hands4 ,his ,majesty presented me with fifty purses containing two hundred pieces of gold did ,gulliver capture the fleet from ,blefuscu8 #g4 ,what did the ,emperor of ,lilliput wish to do when ,gulliver had won the victory8 #h4 ,what evil thing about war does this incident show8 #i4 ,can a nation fight a great war without desire to add to its territory8 ,was this true of the ,united ,states in the war recently fought8' #aj4 ,what was ,gulliver's feeling about the proposal of the ,emperor8 ,was he right8 #aa4 ,how did the ,emperor feel toward him after his refusal8 #ab4 ,how did ,gulliver learn of the plot against him8 #ac4 ,why did he not use his strength against his enemies8 #ad4 ,what did he decide to do8 #ae4 ,what fortunate discovery did ,gulliver make at ,blefuscu8 #af4 ,how did ,gulliver get back to ,england8 #ag4 ,name two or three things that you think he learned on his travels4 #ah4 ,what are we told about the education of children in ,lilliput8 #ai4 ,why did the people consider deceit worse than stealing8 #bj4 ,what did they think of a person who returns evil for good8 #ba4 ,name some of the laws of the ,lilliputians4 ,which of these laws do you like1 and why8 #bb4 ,why were not all the people of ,lilliput good when they had such good laws8 #bc4 ,compare ,gulliver's adventures with those of ,baron ,munchausen4 #bd4 ,how does this story differ as to its source from the ,arabian ,nights tales8 #be4 ,show that it has the two values mentioned on page #adf4 #bf4 ,class readings3 ,select passages to be read aloud in class4 #bg4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story briefly in your own words1 following the topic headings given in the book4 #bh4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 keep2 human2 engines2 bandages2 turret2 carriages2 merchantman4 #bi4 ,pronounce3 ruined2 drowned2 waistcoat2 ,imperial2 courtiers2 theater2 reigned2 learned2 ,lilliput2 graciously2 fortnight2 ,lilliputians4 ,phrases for ,study express consent1 capital crime1 state and person1 mortal enemy1 confounded with astonishment1 gave me a good character1 fair voyage4 ,,robinson ,,crusoe ,,daniel ,,defoe 7,ed4--,this story1 in it's original1 uncondensed version1 in addition to many others1 can be found at the web site https3_/_/www4gutenberg4org1 searching in the index for the title ,robinson ,crusoe47 ,,how ,i ,,went ,,to ,,sea ,,and ,,was ,,shipwrecked ,i was born at ,york1 in ,england1 on the first of ,march1 #afcb4 ,from the time that ,i was quite a young child ,i had felt a great wish to spend my life at sea1 and as ,i grew1 so did this taste grow more and more strong2 till at last on ,september first1 #afea1 ,i ran away from my school and home1 and found my way on foot to ,hull1 where ,i soon got a place on board a ship4 ,never did any young adventurer's misfortunes begin sooner or continue longer than mine1 for when we were far out at sea1 some ,turks in a small ship came on our track in full chase4 ,after a long pursuit our vessel was captured1 and all on board were taken as slaves4 ,the chief of the ,turks took me as his prize to a port which was held by the ,moors4 ,there ,i remained in slavery for several years1 and bitterly did ,i repent my rash act in leaving my good parents in ,england4 ,at length ,i found an opportunity to escape to a vessel that was passing by1 and was kindly received by the captain1 who proved to be an ,english sailor bound on a voyage of trade4 ,i had not been aboard more than twelve days when a high wind took us off1 we knew not where4 ,all at once there was a cry of ,land6 and the ship struck on a bank of sand1 in which she sank so deep that we could not get her off4 ,at last we found that we must make up our minds to leave her and get to shore as well as we could4 ,there had been a boat at her stern1 but we found it had been torn off by the force of the waves4 ,one small boat was still left on the ship's side1 so we got into it4 ,there we were1 all of us1 on the wild sea4 ,the heart of s each now grew faint1 our cheeks were pale1 and our eyes were dim1 for there was but one hope1 and that was to find some bay1 and so get in the lee of the land4 ,the sea grew more and more rough1 and its white foam would curl and boil till at last the waves in their wild sport burst on the boat's side1 and we were all thrown out4 ,i could swim well1 but the force of the waves made me lose my breath too much to do so4 ,at length one large wave took me to the shore and left me high and dry1 though half dead with fear4 ,i got on my feet and made the best of my way for the land2 but just then the curve of a huge wave rose up as high as a hill1 and this ,i had no strength to keep from1 so it took me back to the sea4 ,i did my best to float on the top1 and held my breath to do so4 ,the next wave was quite as high1 and shut me up in its bulk4 ,i held my hands down tight to my sides1 and then my head shot out at the top of the waves4 ,this gave me breath1 and soon my feet felt the ground4 ,i stood quite still for a short time1 to let the sea run back from me1 and then ,i set off with all my might to the shore1 but yet the waves caught me1 and twice more did they take me back1 and twice more land me on the shore4 ,i thought the last wave would have been the death of me1 for it drove me on a piece of rock1 and with such force as to leave me in a kind of swoon4 ,i soon regained my senses and got up to the cliffs close to the shore1 where ,i found some grass out of the reach of the sea4 ,there ,i sat down1 safe on land at last4 ,i felt so wrapped in joy that all ,i could do was to walk up and down the coast1 now lift up my hands1 now fold them on my breast and thank ,god for all that he had done for me1 when the rest of the men were lost4 ,i now cast my eyes round me1 to find out what kind of place it was that ,i had been thus thrown in1 like a bird in a storm4 ,then all the glee ,i felt at first left me2 for ,i was wet and cold1 and had no dry clothes to put on1 no food to eat1 and not a friend to help me4 ,i feared that there might be wild beasts here1 and ,i had no gun to shoot them with1 or to keep me from their jaws4 ,i had but a knife and a pipe4 ,it now grew dark2 and where was ,i to go for the night8 ,i thought the top of some high tree would be a good place to keep me out of harm's way2 and that there ,i might sit and think of death1 for1 as yet1 ,i had no hope of life4 ,well1 ,i went to my tree and made a kind of nest to sleep in4 ,then ,i cut a stick to keep off beasts of prey1 in case any should come1 and -fell asleep just as if the branch ,i lay on had been a bed of down4 ,when ,i woke up1 it was broad day2 the sky too was clear and the sea calm4 ,but ,i saw from the top of the tree that in the night the ship had left the bank of sand1 and lay but a mile from me4 ,i soon threw off my clothes1 took to the sea1 and swam up to the wreck4 ,but how was ,i to get on deck8 ,i had gone twice around the ship1 when a piece of rope caught my eye1 which hung down from her side so low that at first the waves hid it4 ,by the help of this rope ,i got on board4 ,,how ,i ,,made ,,and ,,used ,a ,,raft ,i found that there was a bulge in the ship1 and that she had sprung a leak4 ,you may be sure that my first thought was to look around for some food1 and ,i soon made my way to the bin where the bread was kept1 and ate some of it as ,i went to and fro1 for there was no time to lose4 ,what ,i stood most in need of was a boat to take the goods to shore4 ,but it was vain to wish for that which could not be had2 and as there were some spare yards in the ship1 two or three large planks1 and a mast or two2 ,i fell to work with these to make a raft4 ,i put four spars side by side1 and laid short bits of plank on them1 crossways1 to make my raft strong4 ,though these planks would bear my own weight1 they were too slight to bear much of my freight4 ,so ,i took a saw1 which was on board1 and cut a mast in three lengths1 and these gave great strength to the raft4 ,i found some bread and rice1 a ,dutch cheese1 and some dry goat's flesh4 ,my next task was to screen my goods from the spray of the sea2 and this did not take long1 for there were three large chests on board which held all1 and these ,i put on the raft4 ,see1 here is a prize6 said ,i1 out loud 7though there was none to hear me72 now ,i shall not starve4 ,for ,i found four large guns4 ,but how was my raft to be got to land8 ,i had no sail1 no oars2 and a gust of wind would make all my store slide off4 ,yet there were three things which ,i was glad of a calm sea1 a tide which set in to the shore1 and a slight breeze to blow me there4 ,i had the good luck to find some oars in a part of the ship in which ,i had made no search till now4 ,with these ,i put to sea1 and for half a mile my raft went well2 but soon ,i found it driven to one side4 ,at length ,i saw a creek1 up which1 with some toil1 ,i took my raft4 ,i saw that there were birds on the isle1 and ,i shot one of them4 ,mine must have been the first gun that had been heard there since the world was made2 for1 at the sound of it1 whole flocks of birds flew up1 with loud cries1 from all parts of the wood4 ,the shape of the beak of the one ,i shot was like that of a hawk1 but the claws were not so large4 ,i now went back to my raft to land my stores1 and this took up the rest of the day3 ,what to do at night ,i knew not1 nor where to find a safe place to land my stores on4 ,i did not like to lie down on the ground1 for fear of beasts of prey1 as well as snakes2 but there was no cause for these fears1 as ,i have since found4 ,i put the chests and boards round me as well as ,i could1 and made a kind of hut for the night4 ,as there was still a great store of things left in the ship which would be of use to me1 ,i thought that ,i ought to bring them to land at once2 for ,i knew that the first storm would break up the ship4 ,so ,i went on board1 and took good care this time not to load my raft too much4 ,the first thing sought for was the tool chest2 and in it were some bags of nails1 spikes1 saws1 knives1 and such things2 but best of all1 ,i found a stone to grind my tools on4 ,there were two or three flasks1 some large bags of shot1 and a roll of lead2 but this last ,i had not the strength to hoist up to the ship's side1 so as to get it on my raft4 ,there were some spare sails too1 which ,i brought to shore4 ,now that ,i had two freights of goods on hand1 ,i made a tent with the ship's sails1 to stow them in1 and cut the poles for it from the wood4 ,i now took all the things out of the casks and chests and put the casks in piles round the tent to give it strength2 and when this was done1 ,i shut up the door with the boards1 spread on the ground one of the beds which ,i had brought from the ship1 laid two guns close to my head and went to bed for the first time4 ,i slept all night1 for ,i was much in need of rest4 ,the next day ,i was sad and sick at heart1 for ,i felt how dull it was to be thus cut off from all the rest of the world6 ,i had no great wish for work2 but there was too much to be done for me to dwell long on my sad lot4 ,each day1 as it came1 ,i went off to the wreck to fetch more things2 and ,i brought back as much as the raft would hold4 ,the last time ,i went to the wreck the wind blew so hard that ,i made up my mind to go on board next time at low tide4 ,i found some tea and some gold coin2 but as to the gold1 it made me laugh to look at it4 ,o drug6 said ,i1 thou art of no use to me6 ,i care not to save thee4 ,stay where thou art till the ship goes down2 then go thou with it6 ,still1 ,i thought ,i might just as well take it2 so ,i put it in a piece of the sail and threw it on deck1 that ,i might place it on the raft4 ,by-and-by the wind blew from the shore1 so ,i had to hurry back with all speed2 for ,i knew that at the turn of the tide ,i should find it hard work to get to land at all4 ,but in spite of the high wind ,i came to my home all safe4 ,at dawn ,i put my head out and cast my eyes on the sea1 when lo6 no ship was there64 ,this great change in the face of things1 and the loss of such a friend1 quite struck me down4 ,yet ,i was glad to think that ,i had brought to shore all that could be of use to me4 ,i had now to look out for some spot where ,i could make my home4 ,halfway up the hill there was a small plain1 four or five score feet long and twice as broad2 and as it had a full view of the sea1 ,i thought that it would be a good place for my house4 ,,how ,i ,,made ,,myself ,a ,,home ,,on ,,the ,,island ,i first dug a trench round a space which took in twelve yards2 and in this ,i drove two rows of stakes1 till they stood firm like piles1 five and a half feet from the ground4 ,i made the stakes close and tight with bits of rope and put small sticks on the top of them in the shape of spikes4 ,this made so strong a fence that no man or beast could get in4 ,the door of my house was on top1 and ,i had to climb up to it by steps1 which ,i took in with me1 so that no one else might come up by the same way4 ,close to the back of the house stood a sand rock1 in which ,i made a cave1 and laid all the earth that ,i had dug out of it round my house1 to the height of a foot and a half4 ,i had to go out once a day in search of food4 ,the first time1 ,i saw some1 goats1 but they were too shy to let me get near them4 ,at first ,i thought that for the lack of pen and ink ,i should lose all note of time2 so ,i made a large post1 in the shape of a cross1 on which ,i cut these words3 ,i came on shore here on the thirtieth of ,september1 #afei4 ,on the side of this post ,i made a notch each day1 and this ,i kept up till the last4 ,i have not yet said a word of my four pets1 which were two cats1 a dog1 and a parrot4 ,you may guess how fond ,i was of them1 for they were all the friends left to me4 ,i brought the dog and two cats from the ship4 ,the dog would fetch things for me at all times1 and by his bark1 his whine1 his growl1 and his tricks1 he would all but talk to me2 yet he could not give me thought for thought4 ,if ,i could but have had someone near me to find fault with1 or to find fault with me1 what a treat it would have been6 ,i was a long way out of the course of ships2 and oh6 how dull it was to be cast on this lone spot with no one to love1 no one to make me laugh1 no one to make me weep1 no one to make me think44 ,it was dull to roam day by day from the wood to the shore1 and from the shore back to the wood1 and feed on my own thoughts all the while4 ,so much for the sad view of my case2 but like most things1 it had a bright side as well as a dark one4 ,for here was ,i safe on land1 while all the rest of the ship's crew were lost4 ,true1 ,i was cast on a rough and rude part of the globe1 but there were no beasts of prey on it to kill or hurt me4 ,god had sent the ship so near to me that ,i had got from it all things to meet my wants for the rest of my days4 ,let life be what it might1 there was surely much to thank ,god for4 ,and ,i soon gave up all dull thoughts1 and did not so much as look out for a sail4 ,my goods from the wreck remained in the cave for more than ten months2 ,i decided then that it was time to put them right1 as they took up all the space and left me no room to turn in2 so ,i made my small cave a large one1 and dug it out a long way back in the sand rock4 ,then ,i brought the mouth of the cave up to my fence1 and so made a back way to my house4 ,this done1 ,i put shelves on each side to hold my goods1 which made the cave look like a shop full of stores4 ,to make these shelves was a very difficult task and took a long time2 for to make a board ,i was forced to cut down a whole tree1 chop away with my ax till one side was flat1 and then cut at the other side till the board was thin enough1 when ,i smoothed it with my adz4 ,but1 in this way1 out of each tree ,i would get only one plank4 ,i made for myself also a table and a chair1 and finally got my castle1 as ,i called it1 in good order4 ,i usually rose early and worked till noon1 when ,i ate my meal2 then ,i went out with my gun1 after which ,i worked once more till the sun had set2 and then to bed4 ,it took me more than a week to change the shape and size of my cave4 ,unfortunately1 ,i made it far too large1 for1 later on1 the earth fell in from the roof2 and had ,i been in it when this took place1 ,i should have lost my life4 ,i had now to set up posts in my cave1 with planks on the top of them1 so as to make a roof of wood4 ,,how ,i ,,supplied ,,my ,,needs ,i had to go to bed at dusk1 till ,i made a lamp of goat's fat1 which ,i put in a clay dish2 and this1 with a piece of hemp for a wick1 made a good light4 ,as ,i had found a1 use for the bag which had held the fowls' food on board ship1 ,i shook out from it the husks of grain4 ,this was just at the time when the great rains fell1 and in the course of a month1 blades of rice and barley sprang up4 ,as time went by1 and the grain was ripe1 ,i kept it1 and took care to sow it each year2 but ,i could not boast of a crop of grain for three years4 ,i knew that tools would be my first want and that ,i should have to grind mine on the stone1 as they were blunt and worn with use4 ,but as it took both hands to hold the tool1 ,i could not turn the stone2 so ,i made a wheel by which ,i could move it with my foot4 ,this was no small task1 but ,i took great pains with it1 and at length it was done4 ,i had now been in the isle twelve months1 and ,i thought it was time to go all round it in search of its woods1 springs1 and creeks4 ,so ,i set off1 and brought back with me limes and grapes in their prime1 large and ripe4 ,i had hung the grapes in the sun to dry1 and in a few days' time went to fetch them1 that ,i might lay up a store4 ,the vale on the banks of which they grew was fresh and green1 and a clear1 bright stream ran through it1 which gave so great a charm to the spot as to make me wish to live there4 ,but there was no view of the sea from this vale1 while from my house no ships could come on my side of the isle and not be seen by me2 yet the cool1 soft banks were so sweet and new to me that much of my time was spent there4 ,in the first of the three years in which ,i had grown barley1 ,i had sown it too late2 in the next it was spoiled by the drought2 but the third year's crop had sprung up well4 ,few of us think of the cost at which a loaf of bread is made4 ,of course1 there was no plow here to turn up the earth1 and no spade to dig it with1 so ,i made one with wood2 but this was soon worn out1 and for want of a rake ,i made use of the bough of a tree4 ,when ,i had got the grain home1 ,i had to thresh it1 part the grain from the chaff1 and store it up4 ,then came the want of sieves to clean it1 of a mill to grind it1 and of yeast to make bread of it4 ,if ,i could have found a large stone1 slightly hollow on top1 ,i might1 by pounding the grain on it with another round stone1 have made very good meal4 ,but all the stones ,i could find were too soft2 and in the end ,i had to make a sort of mill of hard wood1 in which ,i burned a hollow place1 and in that pounded the grain into' meal with a heavy stick4 ,baking ,i did by building a big fire1 raking away the ashes1 and putting the dough on the hot place1 covered with a kind of basin made of clay1 over which ',i had heaped the red ashes4 ,thus my bread was made1 though ,i had no tools2 and no one could say that ,i did not earn it by the sweat of my brow4 ,when the rain kept me indoors1 it was good fun to teach my pet bird ,poll to talk2 but so mute were all things round me that the sound of my own voice made me start4 ,my chief wants now were jars1 pots1 cups1 and plates1 but ,i knew not how ,i could make them4 ,at last ,i went in search of clay1 and found a bank of it a mile from my house2 but it was quite a joke to see the queer shapes and forms that ,i made out of it4 ,for some of my pots and jars were too weak to bear their own weight2 and they would fall out here1 and in there1 in all sorts of ways2 while some1 when they were put in the sun to bake1 would crack with the heat of its rays4 ,you may guess what my joy was when at last a pot was made which would stand the fire1 so that ,i could boil the meat for broth6 ,the next thing to turn my thoughts to was the ship's boat1 which lay on the high ridge of sand1 where it had been thrust by the storm which had cast me on these shores4 ,but it lay with the keel to the sky1 so ,i had to dig the sand from it and turn it up with the help of a pole4 ,when ,i had done this1 ,i found it was all in vain1 for ,i had not the strength to launch it4 ,so all ,i could do now was to make a boat of less size out of a tree2 and ,i found one that was just fit for it1 which grew not far from the shore1 but ,i could no more stir this than ,i could the ship's boat4 ,well1 thought ,i1 ,i must give up the boat1 and with it all my hopes of leaving the isle4 ,but ,i have this to think of3 ,i am lord of the whole isle2 in fact1 a king4 ,i have wood with which ,i might build a fleet1 and grapes1 if not grain1 to freight it with1 though all my wealth is but a few gold coins4 ,for these ,i had no sort of use1 and could have found it in my heart to give them all for a peck of peas and some ink1 which last ,i stood much in need of4 ,but it was best to dwell more on what ,i had than on what ,i had not4 ,i now must needs try once more to build a boat1 but this time it was to have a mast1 for which the ship's sails would be of great use4 ,i made a deck at each end to keep out the spray of the sea1 a bin for my food1 and a rest for my gun1 with a flap to screen it from the wet4 ,more than all1 the boat was one of such a size that ,i could launch it4 ,my first cruise was up and down the creek1 but soon ,i got bold1 and made the whole round of my isle4 ,i took with me bread1 cakes1 a pot of rice1 half a goat1 and two greatcoats1 one of which was to lie on1 and one to put on at night4 ,i set sail in the sixth year of my reign4 ,on the east side of the isle there was a large ridge of rocks which lay two miles from the shore1 and a shoal of sand lay for half a mile from the rocks to the beach4 ,to get round this point ,i had to sail a great way out to sea2 and here ,i all but lost my life4 ,but ,i got back to my home at last4 ,on my way there1 quite worn out with the toils of the boat1 ,i lay down in the shade to rest my limbs1 and slept4 ,but judge1 if you can what a start ,i gave when a voice woke me out of my sleep1 and spoke my name three times6 ,a voice in this wild place61 ,to call me by name1 too6 ,then the voice said1 ,robin6 ,robin ,crusoe6 ,where are you8 ,where have you been8 ,how came you here8 ,but now ,i saw it all2 for at the top of the hedge sat ,poll1 who did but say the words she had been taught by me4 ,i now went in search of some goats1 and laid snares for them1 with rice for a bait4 ,i had set the traps in the night1 and found they had stood1 though the bait was all gone4 ,so ,i thought of a new way to take them1 which was to make a pit and lay sticks and grass on it so as to hide it2 and in this way ,i caught an old goat and some kids4 ,but the old goat was much too fierce for me1 soy ,i let him go4 ,i brought all the young ones home1 and let them fast a long time1 till at last they fed from my hand and were quite tame4 ,i kept them in a kind of park1 in which there were trees to screen them from the sun4 ,at first my park was half a mile round2 but it struck me that1 in so great a space1 the kids would soon get as wild as if they had the range of the whole vale1 and that it would be as well to give them less room2 so ,i had to make a hedge1 which took me three months to plant4 ,my park held a flock of twelve goats1 and in two years time there were more than two score4 ,my dog sat at meals with me1 and one cat on each side of me1 on stools1 and we had ,poll to talk to us4 ,now for a word or two as to the dress in which ,i made a tour round the isle4 ,i could but think how droll it would look in the streets of the town in which ,i was born4 ,i usually wore a high cap of goatskin1 with a long flap that hung down to keep the sun and rain from my neck1 a coat made from the skin of a goat1 too1 the skirts of which came down to my hips1 and the same on my legs1 with no shoes1 but flaps of the fur round my shins4 ,i had a broad belt of the same around my waist1 which drew on with two thongs2 and from it1 on my right side2 hung a saw and an ax2 and on my left side a pouch for the shot4 ,my beard had not been cut since ,i came here4 ,but no more need be said of my looks1 for there were few to see me4 ,,how ,i ,,discovered ,a ,,footprint ,,and ,,saved ,,friday ,a strange sight was now in store for me1 which was to change the whole course of my life in the isle4 ,one day at noon1 while on a stroll down to a part of the shore that was new to me1 what should ,i see on the sand but the print of a man's foot6 ,i felt as if ,i were bound by a spell1 and could not stir from the spot4 ,by-and-by ,i stole a look around me1 but no one was in sight4 ,what could this mean8 ,i went three or four times to look at it4 ,there it was-the print of a man's foot3 toes1 heel1 and all the parts of a foot4 ,how could it have come there8 ,my head swam with fear2 and as ,i left the spot1 ,i made two or three steps1 and then took a look around me2 then two steps more1 and did the same thing4 ,i took fright at the stump of an old tree1 and ran to my house1 as if for my life4 ,how could aught in the shape of a man come to that shore1 and ,i not know it8 ,where was the ship that brought him8 ,then a vague dread took hold of my mind1 that some man1 or set of men1 had found me out2 and it might be that they meant to kill me1 or rob me of all ,i had4 ,fear kept me indoors for three days1 till the want of food drove me out4 ,at last ,i was so bold as to go down to the coast to look once more at the print of the foot1 to see if it was the same shape as my own4 ,i found it was not so large by a great deal2 so it was clear that it was not one of my own footprints and that there were men in the isle4 ,one day as ,i went from the hill to the coast1 a scene lay in front of me which made me sick at heart4 ,the spot was spread with the bones of men4 ,there was a round place dug in the earth1 where a fire had been made1 and here some men had come to feast4 ,now that ,i had seen this sight1 ,i knew not how to act2 ,i kept close to my home1 and would scarce stir from it save to milk my flock of goats4 ,a few days later ,i was struck by the sight of some smoke1 which came from a fire no more than two miles off4 ,from this time ,i lost all my peace of mind4 ,day and night a dread would haunt me that the men who had made this fire would find me out4 ,i went home and drew up my steps1 but first ,i made all things round me look wild and rude4 ,to load my gun was the next thing to do2 and ,i thought it would be best to stay at home and hide4 ,but this was not to be borne long4 ,i had no spy to send out1 and all ,i could do was to get to the top of the hill and keep a good lookout4 ,at last1 through my glass1 ,i could see a group of wild men join in a dance round their fire4 ,as soon as they stopped1 ,i took two guns and slung a sword on my side2 then with all speed ,i set off to the top of the hill1 once more to have a good view4 ,this time ,i made up my mind to go up to the men1 but not with a view to kill them1 for ,i felt that it would be wrong to do so4 ,with a heavy load of arms it took me two hours to reach the spot where the fire was2 and by the time ,i got there the men had all gone2 but ,i saw them in four boats out at sea4 ,down on the shore there was a proof of what the work of these men had been4 ,the signs of their feast made me sick at heart1 and ,i shut my eyes4 ,i durst not fire my gun when ,i went out for food on that side of the isle1 lest there should be some of the men left1 who might hear it1 and so find me out4 ,from this time all went well with me for two years2 but it was not to last4 ,one day1 as ,i stood on the hill1 ,i saw six boats on the shore4 ,what could this mean8 ,where were the men who had brought them8 ,and what had they come for8 ,i saw through my glass that there were a score and a half at least on the east side of the isle4 ,they had meat on the fire1 round which ,i could see them dance4 ,they then took a man from one of the boats1 who was bound hand and foot2 but when they loosed his bonds1 he set off as fast as his feet would take him1 and in a straight line to my house4 ,to tell the truth1 when ,i saw all the rest of the men run to catch him1 my hair stood on end with fright4 ,in the creek he swam like a fish1 and the plunge which he took brought him through it in a few strokes4 ,all the men now gave up the chase but two1 and they swam through the creek1 but by no means so fast as the slave had done4 ,now1 ,i thought1 was the time to help the poor man1 and my heart told me it would be right to do so4 ,i ran down my steps with my two guns1 and went with all speed up the hill1 and then down by a short cut to meet them4 ,i gave a sign to the poor slave to come to me1 and at the same time went up to meet the two men who were in chase of him4 ,i made a rush at the first of these1 to knock him down with the stock of my gun1 and he fell4 ,i saw the one who was left aim at me with his bow2 so1 to save my life1 ,i aimed carefully and shot him dead4 ,the smoke and noise from my gun gave the poor slave who had been bound such a shock that he stood still on the spot1 as if he had been in a trance4 ,i gave a loud shout for him to come to me1 and ,i took care to show him that ,i was a friend1 and made all the signs ,i could think of to coax him up to me4 ,at length he came1 knelt down to kiss the ground1 and then took hold of my foot and set it on his head4 ,all this meant that he was my slave2 and ,i bade him rise and made much of him4 ,i did not like to take my slave to my house1 or to my cave2 so ,i threw down some straw from the rice plant for him to sleep on1 and gave him some bread and a bunch of dry grapes to eat4 ,he was a fine man1 with straight1 strong limbs1 tall and young4 ,his hair was thick1 like wool1 and black4 ,his head was large and high1 and he had bright black eyes4 ,he was of a dark-brown hue2 his face was round and his nose small1 but not flat2 he had a good mouth with thin lips1 with which he could give a soft smile2 and his teeth were as white as snow4 ,toward evening ,i had been out to milk my goats1 and when he saw me1 he ran to me and lay down-on the ground to show me his thanks4 ,he then put his head on the ground and set my foot on his head1 as he had done at first4 ,he took all the means he could think of to let me know that he would serve me all his life2 and ,i gave a sign to make him understand that ,i thought well of him4 ,the next thing was to think of some name to call him by4 ,i chose that of the sixth day of the week1 ,friday1 as he came to me on that day4 ,i took care not to lose sight of him all that night4 ,when the sun rose1 we event up to the top of the hill to look out for the men2 but as we could not see them or their boats1 it was clear that they had left the isle4 ,i now set to work to make my man a cap of hare's skin1 and gave him a goat's skin to wear round his waist4 ,it was a great source of pride to him to find that his clothes were as good as my own4 ,at night ,i kept my guns1 swords1 and bow close to my side2 but there was no need for this1 as my slave was1 in sooth1 most true to me4 ,he did all that he was set to do1 with his whole heart in the work2 and ,i knew that he would lay down his life to save mine4 ,what could a man do more than that8 ,and oh1 the joy to have him here to cheer me in this lone isle6 ,,how ,,friday ,,learned ,,my ,,ways ,i did my best to teach him1 so like a child he was1 to do and feel all that was right4 ,i found him apt and full of fun2 and he took great pains to understand and learn all that ,i could tell him4 ,one day ,i sent him to beat out and sift some grain4 ,i let him see me make the bread1 and he soon did all the work4 ,i felt quite a love for his true1 warm heart1 and he soon learned to talk to me4 ,one day ,i said1 ,do the men of your tribe win in fight8 ,he told me1 with a smile1 that they did4 ,well1 then1 said ,i1 how came they to let their foes take you8 ,they run one1 two1 three1 and make go in the boat that time4 ,well1 and what do the men do with those they take8 ,eat them all up4 ,this was not good news for me1 but ,i went on1 and said1 ,where do they take them8 ,go to next place where they think4 ,do they come here8 ,yes1 yes1 they come here1 come else place1 too4 ,have you been here with them twice8 ,yes1 come there4 ,he meant the northwest side of the isle1 so to this spot ,i took him the next day4 ,he knew the place1 and told me he was there once1 and with him twelve men4 ,to let me know this1 he placed twelve stones all in a row1 and made me count them4 ,are not the boats lost on your shore now and then8 ,he said that there was no fear1 and that no boats were lost4 ,he told me that up a great way by the moon--that is1 where the moon then came up--there dwelt a tribe of white men like me1 with beards4 ,i felt sure that they must have come from ,spain1 to work the gold mines4 ,i put this to him3 ,could ,i go from this isle and join those men8 ,yes1 yes1 you may go in two boats4 ,it was hard to see how one man could go in two boats1 but what he meant was a boat twice as large as my own4 ,to please my poor slave1 ,i gave him a sketch of my whole life2 ,i told him where ,i was born and where ,i spent my days when a child4 ,he was glad to hear tales of the land of my birth1 and of the trade which we kept up1 in ships1 with all parts of the known world4 ,i gave him a knife and a belt1 which made him dance with joy4 ,one day as we stood on the top of the hill at the east side of the isle1 ,i saw him fix his eyes on the mainland1 and stand for a long time gazing at it2 then jump and sing1 and call out to me4 ,what do you see8 said ,i4 ,o joy6 said he1 with a fierce glee in his eyes1 ,o glad6 ,there see my land6 ,why did he strain his eyes to stare at this land as if he had a wish to be there8 ,it put fears in my mind which made me feel far less at my ease with him4 ,thought ,i1 if he should go back to his home1 he will think no more of what ,i have taught him and done for him4 ,he will be sure to tell the rest of his tribe all my ways1 and come back with1 it may be1 scores of them1 and kill me1 and then dance round me1 as they did round the men1 the last time they came on my isle4 ,but these were all false fears1 though they found a place in my mind for a long while2 and ,i was not so kind to him now as ,i had been4 ,from this time ,i made it a rule1 day by day1 to find out if there were grounds for my fears or not4 ,i said1 ,do you wish to be once more in your own land8 ,yes6 ,i be much ,o glad to be at my own land4 ,what would you do there8 ,would you turn wild1 and be as you were8 ,no1 no1 ,i would tell them to be good1 tell them eat bread1 grain1 milk1 no eat man more6 ,why1 they would kill you6 ,no1 no1 they no kill2 they love learn4 ,he then told me that some white men who had come on their shores in a boat had taught them a great deal4 ,then will you go back to your land with me8 ,he said he could not swim so far1 so ,i told him he should help me to build a boat to go in4 ,then he said1 ,if you go1 ,i go4 ,i go8 ,why1 they would eat me6 ,no1 me make them much love you4 ,then he told me1 as well as he could1 how kind they had been to some white men4 ,i brought out the large boat to hear what he thought of it1 but he said it was too small4 ,we then went to look at the old ship's boat1 which1 as it had been in the sun for years1 was not at all in a sound state4 ,the poor man made sure that it would do4 ,but how were we to know this8 ,i told him we should build a boat as large as that1 and that he should go home in it4 ,he spoke not a word1 but was grave and sad4 ,what ails you8 said ,i4 ,why you grieve mad with your man8 ,what do you mean8 ,i am not cross with you4 ,no cross8 ,no cross with me8 ,why send your man home to his own land1 then8 ,did you not tell me you would like to go back8 ,yes1 yes1 we both there2 no wish self there1 if you not there6 ,and what should ,i do there8 ,you do great deal much good6 ,you teach wild men be good men4 ,we soon set to work to make a boat that would take us both4 ,the first thing was to look out for some large tree that grew near the shore1 so that we could launch our boat when it was made4 ,my slave's plan was to burn the wood to make it the right shape2 but as mine was to hew it1 ,i set him to work with my tools1 and in two months' time we had made a good1 strong boat2 but it took a long while to get her down to the shore and float her4 ,friday had the whole charge of her2 and1 large as she was1 he made her move with ease1 and said1 ,me think she go there well1 though great blow wind6 ,he did not know that ,i meant to make a mast and sail4 ,i cut down a young fir tree for the mast1 and then ,i set to work at the sail4 ,it made me laugh to see my man stand and stare1 when he came to watch me sail the boat4 ,but he soon gave a jump1 a laugh1 and a clap of the hands when for the first time he saw the sail jib and fall1 now on this side1 now on that4 ,the next thing to do was to stow our boat up in the creek1 where we dug a small dock2 and when the tide was low1 we made a dam to keep out the sea4 ,the time of year had now come for us to set sail1 so we got out all our stores to put them into the boat4 ,,the ,,english ,,ship ,,and ,,how ,i ,,sailed ,,for ,,home ,i was fast asleep in my hutch one morning1 when my man ,friday came running in to me and called aloud1 ,master1 master1 they are come1 they are come6 ,i jumped up and went out1 as soon as ,i could get my clothes on1 through my little grove1 which1 by the way1 was by this time grown to be a very thick wood4 ,i went without my arms1 which was not my custom2 but ,i was surprised when1 turning my eyes to the sea1 ,i saw a boat at about a league and a half distance1 standing in for the shore1 with a shoulder-of-mutton sail1 as they call it1 and the wind blowing pretty fair to bring them in2 also ,i saw that they did not come from that side which the shore lay on1 but from the south end of the island4 ,upon this ,i hastily called ,friday in1 and bade him lie close1 for we did not know yet whether they were friends or enemies4 ,in the next place1 ,i went in to fetch my glass1 to see what ,i could make of them2 and1 having climbed up to the top of the hill1 ,i saw a ship lying at anchor1 at about two leagues from me1 but not above a league and a half from the shore4 ,it seemed to be an ,english ship1 and the boat looked like an ,english longboat4 ,they ran their boat on shore upon the beach1 at about half a mile from me2 which was very happy for me1 else they would have landed just at my door1 as ,i may say1 and would soon have beaten me out of my caste1 and perhaps have plundered me of all ,i had4 ,when they were on shore1 ,i saw they were ,englishmen2 there were1 in all1 eleven men1 whereof three of them ,i found were unarmed1 and1 as ,i thought1 bound2 and when the first four or five of them had jumped on shore1 they took those three out of the boat as prisoners2 one of the three ,i could see using the gestures of entreaty and despair2 the other two1 ,i could see1 lifted up their hands and appeared concerned1 but not to such a degree as the first4 ,i was shocked and terrified at the sight of all this and knew not what the meaning of it could be4 ,friday called out to me in ,english1 as well as he could1 ,o master6 you see ,english mans eat prisoner as well as savage mans4 ,why1 ,friday1 said ,i1 do you think they are going to eat them1 then8 ,yes1 said ,friday1 they will eat them4 ,no1 no1 said ,i1 ,friday1 ,i am afraid they will murder them indeed2 but you may be sure they will not eat them4 ,i expected every minute to see the three prisoners killed1 so ,i fitted myself up for a battle1 though with much caution1 knowing that ,i had to do with another kind of enemy than if ,i were fighting savages4 ,i ordered ,friday also to load himself with arms4 ,i took myself two fowling pieces1 and ,i gave him two muskets4 ,my figure was very fierce2 ,i had my goatskin coat on1 with the great cap1 a naked sword1 two pistols in my belt1 and a gun upon each shoulder4 ,it was my design not to make any attempt till it was dark2 but about two o'clock1 being the heat of the day1 ,i found1 in short1 they had all gone straggling into the woods1 and1 as ,i thought1 had all lain down to sleep4 ,the three poor1 distressed men1 too anxious for their condition to get any sleep1 had1 however1 sat down under the shelter of a great tree4 ,i resolved to discover myself to them1 and learn something of their condition2 immediately ,i marched toward them1 my man ,friday at a good distance behind me1 as formidable for his arms as ,i1 but not making quite so staring a specter-like figure as ,i did4 ,i came as near them undiscovered as ,i could1 and then1 before any of them saw me1 ,i called aloud to them in ,spanish1 ,who are ye1 sirs8 ,they gave a start at my voice and at my strange dress1 and made a move as if they would flee from me4 ,i said1 ,do not fear me1 for it may be that you have a friend at hand1 though you do not think it4 ,he must be sent from the sky1 then1 said one of them with a grave look2 and he took off his hat to me at the same time4 ,all help is from thence1 sir1 ,i said4 ,but what can ,i do to aid you8 ,you look as if you had some load of grief on your breast4 ,a moment ago ,i saw one of the men lift his sword as if to kill you4 ,the tears ran down the poor man's face as he said1 ,is this a god1 or is it but a man8 ,have no doubt on that score1 sir1 said ,i1 for a god would not have come with a dress like this4 ,no1 do not fear-nor raise your hopes too high2 for you see but a man1 yet one who will do all he can to help you4 ,your speech shows me that you come from the same land as ,i do4 ,i will do all ,i can to serve you4 ,tell me your case4 ,our case1 sir1 is too long to tell you while they who would kill us are so near4 ,my name is ,paul4 ,to be short1 sir1 my crew have thrust me out of my ship1 which you see out there1 and have left me here to die4 ,it was as much as ,i could do to make them sheathe their swords1 which you saw were drawn to slay me4 ,they have set me down in this isle with these two men1 my friend here1 and the ship's mate4 ,where have they gone8 said ,i4 ,there1 in the wood close by4 ,i fear they may have seen and heard us4 ,if they have1 they will be sure to kill us all4 ,have they firearms8 ,they have four guns1 one of which is in the boat4 ,well1 then1 leave all to me6 ,there are two of the men1 said he1 who are worse than the rest4 ,all but these ,i feel sure would go back to work the ship4 ,i thought it was best to speak out to ,paul at once1 and ,i said1 ,now if ,i save your life1 there are two things which you must do4 ,but he read my thoughts1 and said1 ,if you save my life1 you shall do as you like with me and my ship1 and take her where you please4 ,i saw that the two men1 in whose charge the boat had been left1 had come on shore2 so the first thing ,i did was to send ,friday to fetch from it the oars1 the sail1 and the gun4 ,and now the ship might be said to be in our hands4 ,when the time came for the men to go back to the ship1 they were in a great rage2 for1 as the boat had now no sail or oars1 they knew not how to get out to their ship4 ,we heard them say that it was a strange sort of isle1 for sprites had come to the boat1 to take off the sails and oars4 ,w e could see them run to and fro1 with great rage2 then go and sit in the boat to rest1 and then come on shore once more4 ,when they drew near to us1 ,paul and ,friday would fain have had me fall on them at once4 ,but my wish was to spare them1 and kill as few as possible4 ,i told two of my men to creep on their hands and knees close to the ground so that they might not be seen1 and when they got 'up to the men1 not to fire till ,i gave the word4 ,they had not stood thus long when three of the crew came up to us4 ,till now we had but heard their voices1 but when they came so near as to be seen1 ,paul and ,friday shot at them4 ,two of the men fell dead1 and they were the worst of the crew1 and the third ran off4 ,at the sound of the guns ,i came up1 but it was so dark that the men could not tell if there were three of us or three score4 ,it fell out just as ,i wished1 for ,i heard the men ask3 ,to whom must we yield1 and where are they8 ,friday told them that ,paul was there with the king of the isle1 who had brought with him a crowd of men6 ,at this1 one of the crew said3 ,if ,paul will spare our lives1 we will yield4 ,then1 said ,friday1 you shall know the king's will4 ,then ,paul said to them3 ,you know my voice2 if you lay down your arms1 the king will spare your lives4 ,they fell on their knees to beg the same of me4 ,i took good care that they did not see me1 but ,i gave them my word that they should all live1 that ,i should take four of them to work the ship1 and that the rest would be bound hand and foot for the good faith of the four4 ,this was to show them what a stern king ,i was4 ,of course ,i soon set them free1 and ,i put them in a way to take my place on the isle4 ,i told them of all my ways1 taught them how to mind the goats1 how to work the farm1 and how to make the bread4 ,i gave them a house to live in1 firearms1 tools and my two tame cats-in fact1 all that ,i owned but ,poll and my gold4 ,as ,i sat on the top of the hill1 ,paul came up to me4 ,he held out his hand to point to the ship1 and with much warmth took me to his arms and said3 ,my dear friend1 there is your ship6 ,for this vessel is all yours1 and all that is in her1 and so are all of us4 ,i made ready to go on board the ship1 but told the captain ,i would stay that night to get my things in shape1 and asked him to go on board in the meantime and keep things right on the ship4 ,i cast my eyes to the ship1 which rode half a mile off the shore1 at the mouth of the creek1 and near the place where ,i had brought my raft to the land4 ,yes1 there she stood1 the ship that was to set me free and to take hie where ,i might choose to go4 ,she set her sails to the wind1 and her flags threw out their gay stripes in the breeze4 ,such a sight was too much for me1 and ,i fell down faint with joy4 ,friday and ,paul then went on board the ship1 and ,paul took charge of her once more4 ,we did not start that night1 but at noon the next day ,i left the isle-that lone isle1 where ,i had spent so great a part of my life4 ,when ,i took leave of this island1 ,i carried on board a great goatskin cap ,i had made1 and my parrot2 also the money which had lain by me so long useless that it was grown rusty or tarnished1 and could hardly pass for gold till it had been a little rubbed and handled4 ,and thus ,i left the island1 the nineteenth of ,december1 as ,i found by the ship's account1 in the year #afhf1 after ,i had been upon it seven-and-twenty years1 two months1 and nineteen days4 ,in this vessel1 after a long voyage1 ,i arrived in ,england the eleventh of ,june1 in the year #afhg4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,biography4 ,daniel ,defoe 7#afei-agca71 an ,english author1 was born in ,london4 ,he was well educated and devoted himself chiefly to writing4 ,he was active in political life1 and many of his early pamphlets were attacks upon the government4 ,robinson ,crusoe1 his greatest story1 is a world classic4 ,it is founded mainly on the adventures of ,alexander ,selkirk1 who told ,defoe about his own experiences as a castaway on an island4 ,defoe tells his story in simple1 direct language1 with frequent use of details and illustrations4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,why was an ocean voyage so difficult and dangerous at the time when ,robinson ,crusoe was written8 #b4 ,find the lines that describe what you think was the most difficult work undertaken by ,robinson ,crusoe4 #c4 ,what under king required the most perseverance8 ,find lines that show this4 #d4 ,at what time did ,crusoe show the greatest courage8 ,find lines that seem to yore to prove your answer is correct4 #e4 ,what was the greatest disappointment that he had to bear while on the island8 #f4 ,what do you think was the greatest happiness he had8 #g4 ,find lines that tell how ,robinson ,crusoe studied to make something which was very necessary to him4 #h4 ,mention something he made that you have tried to make4 #i4 ,how did your result compare with his8 ,what reason can you give for this8 #aj4 ,this story shows how dependent we are upon the tools1 the inventions1 and the means of protection that men have devised for making life happy4 ,crusoe had to make for himself under great difficulties things that we think nothing of4 ,show from the story how dependent we are upon the cooperation and assistance of others4 ,imagine the cooperation that has been necessary to give you milk1 oranges or bananas1 sugar for your dessert1 meat for your dinner4 ,what has been done to give you the stove on which your dinner is cooked1 the fuel that it burns1 the light that you use at night1 the telephone that you use8 ,crusoe had to get along without such assistance4 ,do you owe anything1 any return service1 for what you receive and use8 ,if ,crusoe's hut had taken fire1 what would have happened8 ,what would happen if your home should catch fire8 ,who would pay for the help given you8 ,if ,crusoe had been attacked by robbers1 what would have happened8 ,what keeps you safe at night8 ,if ,crusoe had wished to go on a long journey1 what would have been necessary8 ,who would help you if you had to take such a journey8 #ab4 ,tell a story about your debt to someone for an invention or discovery that makes your life pleasanter or safer4 ,tell a story about your debt for the sugar you use for your desert4 ,tell a story to illustrate what the government does for you4 #ac4 ,class readings3 ,select passages to be read aloud in class4 #ad4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story briefly in your own words1 using the topic headings given in the book4 #ae4 ,you will enjoy seeing the pictures in the edition of ,robinson ,crusoe that is illustrated by ,n4 ,c4 ,wyeth4 #af4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 stern2 bulge2 spikes2 adz2 limes2 mute2 league2 thong2 fowling2 piece4 #ag4 ,pronounce3 pursuit2 swoon2 spars2 drought22 sieve2 launch2 cruise2 shoal2 tour2 jib2 gesture2 formidable2 sheathe2 sprites4 ,phrases for ,study lee of the land1 in sooth1 spare yards1 ,i found him apt1 ,o drug1 standing in for the shore1 give me thought for thought1 appeared concerned1 whole round of my isle1 discover myself to them1 bound by a spell1 specter-like figure4 ,,stories ,,of ,,adventure ,a ,,backward ,,look ,now that you have read all of these tales of adventure1 perhaps some evening you will curl up in that big chair in a cozy place and will close your eyes and dream a dream4 ,and in that dream you will see-who knows8 ,ali ,baba and ,aladdin in their queer dress1 and ,sindbad1 the rich old sailor1 and ,captain ,lemuel ,gulliver1 and ,robin ,hood in his ,lincoln green1 and ,robinson ,crusoe with his man ,friday4 ,all of them will sit down near you1 between you and the fire perhaps1 and they will talk to each other about the meaning of all the perils and successes that life brought them4 ,and you will doubtless get the idea from them all that every man1 rich or poor1 ought to feel some responsibility to others4 ,ali ,baba and ,aladdin and ,sindbad will tell the company1 there in the firelight before your very eyes1 how they felt that they owed something to' others because of the wealth they had1 gained4 ,aladdin became a serious and public-spirited man1 though as a boy he had been of little worth4 ,ali ,baba and ,sindbad helped others and did many good deeds4 ,then ,robin ,hood will join in the conversation4 ,he lived in a time1 as you can see from his story1 when the poor not only had no chance but were oppressed4 ,robin tried to do away with some of this injustice4 ,he was an outlaw2 he did many things that it would not be right to do today2 but he did these things in order to help people who were wretched and who had no chance4 ,and next1 ,robinson ,crusoe has a word to say4 ,his experience1 he tells us1 showed him how much we depend on each other4 ,if a man is suddenly cut off from his fellows1 has to get his own food or starve1 build his own house with his own rude tools or freeze1 he finds out how much he owes to the cooperation of thousands of other people4 ,and finally1 ,captain ,gulliver1 who has been listening quietly for a long time1 knocks the ashes from his pipe as he gets up to go1 and says3 ,you know1 it all comes down to this3 can a man or a nation stand being rich and strong8 ,you know those ,lilliputians1 when they conquered the people of ,blefuscu1 wanted right away to annex the lands of their enemies4 ,they had no right to the lands2 they had enough of their own2 if ,i had let them do what they planned1 they would have made many people very miserable1 ,but the moment they saw a chance to grab something1 they wanted to go right after it44 ,and it makes me wonder about this ,america that is so much discussed just now4 ,in my day we scarcely knew there was such a country1 but you know how strong and prosperous the ,americans are1 and what a war they can fight1 and how many rich men they have4 ,they seem to me to have found that lamp and ring that friend ,aladdin once had2 everything they touch seems to turn to gold1 and they can build a city over night4 ,i just wonder what they will do with all this power8 ,and they all shake their heads1 as if to say that they wonder1 too4 ,and the fire has grown lower and lower1 so that you can hardly see the strange forms4--,and then father calls to you to wake up and get your lesson or go to bed1 and they all vanish at the sound of that voice4 ,how would you answer ,captain ,gulliver's question about ,america8 ,what did ,america do with its power in the ,world ,war8 ,what good ,american citizens that you know of have used their wealth to found libraries1 hospitals1 parks1 and other public benefits8 ,show that boys and girls join together in teamwork for the good of all by organizing clubs1 ,boy ,scouts1 ,camp ,fire ,girls1 ,junior ,red ,cross1 etc4 ,mention kinds of service these organizations give for the good of all4 ,show that each of the six stories in ,part ,,ii has the two values mentioned in the first paragraph on page #adf4 ,which story did you enjoy most8 ,which gave you the most worth-while ideas8 ,what gains have you made in your ability to read silently with speed and understanding8 ,,part ,,iii ,,great ,,american ,,authors ,a man lives in the last half of life on the memory of things read in the first half of life4 ,,samuel ,,johnson4 ,,great ,,american ,,authors ,a ,,forward ,,look ,when ,mother used to tell you a story about when she was a little girl1 you were interested only in the story and in the pictures her words called up in your mind4 ,suppose some older person had been listening while she told one of these tales1 and had been interested not alone in the adventure that she was telling about1 as you were1 but in the way in which she told it4 ,this person1 your uncle1 let's say1 would notice how ,mother planned her story so as to keep the very most exciting thing to the last1 and how you grew more and more excited about it1 and how your eyes shone1 and her eyes too1 and how without knowing it she was letting him see what kind of people they were in her story1 and what kind of little girl she was-very brave1 you know-and when at the end you drew a long breath and had that delightful little thrill that you always have at the end of a perfectly wonderful story-after all this1 suppose your uncle should look at ,mother in a funny kind of way and should say1 ,bless me1 ,sis1 ,i had no idea you were an author4 ,what would you say8 ,mother an author8 ,why1 an author is a person who writes big books in words that no one can understand1 but ,mother1 she-why1 she is ,mother6 ,yet your uncle is right4 ,mother is an author when she thinks back over her life and picks out something that is interesting1 and then tells it in her very most interesting way to please you4 ,if she would only write out that story1 and a printer would print it in a book1 and in the front of the book you should read ,when ,i ,was a ,little ,girl4 ,by ,mother-that would be a ,book1 and ,mother would be a real author4 ,now long1 long ago1 there weren't any books4 ,when ,mother told you a story1 if you had lived then1 you would remember it and would tell it to other people1 and after you grew up you would tell it to your children1 and when they had grown up1 they would tell it to your grandchildren1 and so on and on4 ,who wrote ,cinderella1 or ,sleeping ,beauty1 or the ,three ,bears8 ,you don't know4 ,nobody knows4 ,they just happened4 ,they were told by mothers to their children and so on and so on1 and after centuries1 perhaps1 when printing had been invented1 some printer man thought1 like your uncle1 that here was a story that ought to be printed and so he made a book of it4 ,but he didn't claim to be the author of it1 for he was not4 ,so1 some of the stories you have read in this book do not have any author's name attached to them4 ,and even if they did1 you were not thinking1 while you were reading1 about the man who wrote them4 ,you just thought of the story and whether you liked it or not4 ,yet no small part of the advantage that you enjoy because you live now1 instead of in the days when there were no books1 lies in the fact that you can become acquainted with the men and women who have written the stories and poems that you read4 ,let's put it this way4 ,in those old days that we have been speaking about1 you would have had to depend upon your ,mother1 or some other mother1 or some village weaver of tales1 for your stories4 ,but they were busy1 and you couldn't get enough stories to satisfy your appetite4 ,then one-time1 let's say1 a strange1 wandering fellow came to your village4 ,and he had yards and yards of the most wonderful stories to tell4 ,and he went home with you1 let's say1 and stayed there1 and did nothing but tell you stories whenever you wanted them1 first thing in the morning1 and after school1 and bedtime1 and all4 ,and he was never too busy4 ,and you learned to know him1 what an interesting man he was1 and what fine eyes he had1 and what a smile that made you smile back before he said a word1 and how he loved ,truth and hated lies1 and loved ,honor and hated shameful things4 ,he was your author1 your book1 your book of books4 ,and he was as dear to you1 in himself1 as his stories were4 ,now you can have just such a friend1 no1 you can have a whole company of just such friends1 for yourself4 ,how8 ,in books1 of course4 ,only they won't be merely books2 they will be friends4 ,washington ,irving1 teller of wonderful stories1 and ,robert ,louis ,stevenson are there1 in those books1 and you can learn them as well as their stories4 ,and ,henry ,w4 ,longfellow1 writer of stories in verse2 and ,john ,g4 ,whittier1 writer of poems about barefoot boys and corn huskings2 and ,benjamin ,franklin1 a kindly philosopher-there1 that word is too hard for you1 but it just slipped out1 and so you will have to be told that a philosopher is a person who thinks about life and its meaning4 ,that's what all authors are1 in a way4 ,that's what makes them authors4 ,they don't just eat and sleep and do their work1 whatever it is-they think about life4 ,and what they see and think they set down for you4 ,to know them is to know delightful friends who will tell you what everything means and will answer all your questions4 ,there they are1 on your bookshelf4 ,they won't speak to you unless you speak first4 ,if you want to do something else and don't wish to be bothered1 they won't bother you4 ,but when you want to talk with them1 they are ready4 ,call upon them often1 and you will learn one of the blessedest things about life1 the companionship of boobs4 ,some of them1 men of our own ,america1 are to be introduced to you in the following pages4 ,from now on you are to do three things4 ,first1 you are to listen and enjoy when they tell you what they have to say4 ,next1 you are to begin to do just what your uncle was doing when he listened to ,mother telling you that story-you are to see that there is a way to tell something that is good1 and that if one has learned this way1 like ,mother1 he is an author4 ,and last1 you are to find that these authors are real persons whom you can learn to know4 ,then you will love them1 just as you love ,mother1 not alone for what they say1 but for what they are4 ,,benjamin ,,franklin ,benjamin ,franklin 7#agjf-agij7 was born in ,boston in the early colonial days4 ,while still a boy1 he learned the printer's trade1 but1 having difficulty with his brother1 for whom he worked1 he went to ,philadelphia1-where later he became owner and editor of the ,philadelphia ,gazette1 the city's leading newspaper4 ,later he established another periodical1 called ,poor ,richard's ,almanac4 ,franklin was greatly interested in the study of science4 ,he snatched lightning from the skies by the use of a key and a kite with a silk string4 ,this experiment led to his invention of the lightning rod1 which was soon placed on public and private buildings not only in ,america but also in ,england and ,france4 ,he invented the ,franklin ,stove1 which is still in use in some places4 ,this is an open stove made in such a way as to economize heat and save fuel4 ,franklin invented a street lamp which was used for lighting the streets of ,philadelphia4 ,franklin was big-hearted and wished to be of real service to his fellow-citizens4 ,he organized a debating club1 a night watch1 a volunteer fire company1 a street-cleaning department1 and a public library-the first of its kind in ,america4 ,his-services to the new government that the ,americans were just setting up were equally noteworthy4 ,he went to ,england to represent the colonies and did all that he could to patch up the quarrel between the colonies and the mother country4 ,when all these attempts failed1 he gave himself heart and soul to the business of making a new government4 ,he was one of the signers of the ,declaration of ,independence4 ,later1 as a special minister to ,france he delighted ,frenchmen by his humor and his common sense1 and he even succeeded in securing the promise of the ,french government to acknowledge the independence of the colonies and to send ships and men to their assistance4 ,in a letter to a friend in #aggi1 ,franklin tells the story1 ,the ,whistle4 ,an ,ax to ,grind is from his autobiography4 ,,the ,,whistle ,when ,i was a child seven years old1 my friends on a holiday filled my pocket with coppers4 ,i went directly to a shop where they sold toys for children1 and1 being charmed with the sound of a whistle that ,i met by the way in the hands of another boy1 ,i voluntarily offered and gave all my money for one4 ,i then ran home and went whistling all over the house1 much pleased with my whistle1 but disturbing all the family4 ,my brothers and sisters and cousins1 understanding the bargain ,i had made1 told me ,i had given four times as much for it as it was worth2 put me in mind what good things ,i might have bought with the rest of the money2 and laughed at me so much for my folly that ,i cried with vexation2 and the reflection gave me more chagrin than the whistle gave me pleasure4 ,this1 however1 was afterwards of use to me1 the impression continuing on my mind2 so that often when ,i was tempted to buy some unnecessary thing1 ,i said to myself1 ,don't give too much for the whistle2' and ,i saved my money4 ,as ,i grew up1 came into the world1 and observed the actions of men1 ,i thought ,i met with many1 very many1 who gave too much for the whistle4 ,when ,i saw one too ambitious of court favor1 sacrificing his time in attendance on levees-his repose1 his liberty1 his virtue1 and perhaps his friends1 to attain it-,i have said to myself1 ,this man gives too much for his whistle4 ,when ,i saw another fond of popularity1 constantly employing himself in political bustles1 neglecting his own affairs1 and ruining them by that neglect1 ,he pays indeed1 said ,i1 too much for his whistle4 ,if ,i knew a miser who gave up every kind of comfortable living1 all the pleasure of doing good to others1 all the esteem of his fellow citizens1 and the joys of benevolent friendship1 for the sake of accumulating wealth1 ,poor man1 said ,i1 you pay too much for your whistle4 ,when ,i met with a man of pleasure1 sacrificing every laudable improvement of the mind or of his fortune to mere corporeal sensations1 and ruining his health in their pursuit1 ,mistaken man1 said ,i1 you are providing pain for yourself instead of pleasure2 you give too much for your whistle4 ,if ,i see one fond of appearance1 or fine clothes1 fine houses1 fine furniture1 fine equipages1 all above his fortune1 for which he contracts debts and ends his career in a prison1 ,alas6 say ,i1 he has paid dear1 very dear1 for his whistle4 ,in short1 ,i conceive that a great part of the miseries of mankind are brought upon them by the false estimates they have made of the value of things1 and by their giving too much for their whistles4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,why did ,franklin say that lie paid too much for his whistle' #b4 ,how was this incident of use to him afterwards8 #c4 ,how does it apply to a man too fond of popularity8 ,to the miser8 ,to the man of pleasure8 ,to the one who cares too much for appearance8 #d4 ,can you think of other incidents that illustrate what ,franklin had in mind8 #e4 ,extravagance has been called the great fault of ,americans4 ,during the ,world war what efforts were made by our people to4 ,correct this fault8 ,why were the efforts successful8 #f4 ,why is it necessary to continue these efforts now8 ,if all ,americans would practice what ,franklin advises1 what would be the effect on the cost of living1 and why8 #g4 ,in what ways can you save some of the pennies you might spend foolishly8 ,s4 ,what do you know about ,postal ,savings deposits8 #i4 ,write a letter to your teacher1 proposing that the children in your class save as many pennies as possible for savings accounts1 pointing out some ways in which children may save their pennies2 bring in a part of ,franklin's story in the most interesting way that you can4 #aj4 ,tell what you can about the author4 #aa4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 coppers2 voluntarily2 vexation2 ambitious2 esteem2 contracts4 #ab4 ,pronounce3 directly3 chagrin2 sacrificing2 levee2 accumulating2 laudable2 equipage4 ,phrases for ,study impression continuing1 corporeal sensations1 political bustles1 above his fortune4 ,,an ,,ax ,,to ,,grind ,when ,i was a little boy1 ,i remember1 one cold winter morning1 ,i was accosted by a smiling man with an ax on his shoulder4 ,my pretty boy1 said he1 has your father a grindstone8 ,yes1 sir1 said ,i4 ,you are a fine little fellow6 said he4 ,will you1 let me grind my ax on it8 ,pleased with the compliment of fine little fellow1 ,oh1 yes1 sir1 ,i answered4 ,it is down in the shop4 ,and will you1 my man1 said he1 patting me on the head1 get me a little hot water8 ,how could ,i refuse8 ,i ran1 and soon brought a kettleful4 ,how old are you-and what's your name8 continued he1 without waiting for a reply4 ,i'm sure you are one of the finest lads that ,i have ever seen4 ,will you just turn a few minutes for me8 ,tickled with the flattery1 like a little fool1 ,i went to work1 and bitterly did ,i rue the day4 ,it was a new ax1 and ,i toiled and tugged till ,i was almost tired to death4 ,the school bell rang1 and ,i could not get away4 ,my hands were blistered1 and the ax was not half ground4 ,at length1 however1 it was sharpened1 and the man turned to me with1 ,now1 you little rascal1 you've played truant6 ,scud to school1 or you'll rue it6 ,alas6 thought ,i1 it was hard enough to turn a grindstone this cold day1 but now to be called a little rascal is too much4 ,it sank deep into my mind1 and often have ,i thought of it since4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,in this story ,franklin advises you to be on your guard against flatterers who wish to make use of you in order to gain their o-n ends4 ,what made ,franklin do as the man wanted him to8 ,what do you think of the man8 #b4 ,how would you have sought the boy's help8 #c4 ,in what way was this incident of use to ,franklin afterwards8 #d4 ,what is meant when we say of a person that he has an ax to grind8 #e4 ,how do you think ,franklin valued sincerity8 #f4 ,how do you value it8 #g4 ,tell the story as the man would have told it to a friend4 #h4 ,pronounce3 accosted4 ,,william ,,cullen ,,bryant ,william ,cullen ,bryant 7#agid-ahgh7 was born in the rugged hill country of western ,massachusetts4 ,from infancy he showed remarkable powers of mind4 ,he could read by the time he was two years old1 wrote verses at nine1 and when scarcely eighteen wrote his most noted poem1 ,thanatopsis1 now one of the world's classics4 ,he had a wonderful memory1 and it is said he could repeat by heart every poem he had written4 ,bryant removed to ,new ,york1 where in #ahbe he became editor of the ,evening ,post4 ,through the remainder of--his long life he devoted his energy and great gifts to building up one of the most forceful of ,american newspapers1 but he found time also to study ,nature and to write so many poems that we now think of him as a poet1 not as an editor4 ,he was also a student1 and we are indebted to him for some excellent translations from old authors4 ,and1 finally1 he was a public-spirited ,american1 interested in all matters that have to do with the honor of our country4 ,imagine yourself in ,new ,york ,city during the latter part of the last century4 ,if you were walking up ,broadway almost any morning1 your attention would be attracted to a venerable looking man1 with heavy1 flowing1 snow-white hair and beard1 whom you would be quite likely to meet swinging along at a vigorous pace4 ,you would not need to be told that this man is our first ,american poet1 with whose verses you are already familiar2 and you would probably know1 too1 that he is also the editor of the ,evening ,post and that1 although now past eighty1 he is on his way to his office1 walking from his home some two miles away1 as he has done1 rain or shine1 for over half a century4 ,this great man was not too busy with affairs1 or too learned1 to look for the joy that comes from companionship with ,nature4 ,like ,irving he chose ,american subjects taken from his own surroundings3 the scenes of his boyhood1 the flowers1 birds1 and hills of his old ,new ,england home4 ,he found pleasure in the simplest things1 and he wrote about this pleasure in the simplest way4 ,in this simplicity and the variety of his interests his wealth consisted2 a treasure that made rich not only the poet who possessed it but all ,americans1 to whom he left his life and works for an inheritance4 ,,the ,,yellow ,,violet ,when beechen buds begin to swell1 ,and woods the bluebird's warble know1 ,the yellow violet's modest bell ,peeps from the last year's leaves below4 ,ere russet fields their green resume1 ,sweet flower1 ,i love1 in forest bare1 ,to meet thee1 when thy faint perfume2 ,alone is in the virgin air4 ,of all her train1 the hands of ,spring ,first plant thee in the watery mold2 ,and ,i have seen thee blossoming ,beside the snow-bank's edges cold4 ,thy parent sun1 who bade thee view dale-skies1 and chilling moisture sip1 ,has bathed thee in his own bright hue1 ,and streaked with jet thy glowing lip4 ,yet slight thy form1 and low thy seat1 ,and earthward bent thy gentle eye1 ,unapt the passing view to meet1 ,when loftier flowers are flaunting nigh4 ,oft1 in the sunless ,april day1 ,thy early smile has stayed my walk1 ,but 'midst the gorgeous blooms of ,may ,i passed thee on thy humble stalk4 ,so they who climb to wealth forget ,the friends in darker fortunes tried4 ,i copied them--but ,i regret ,that ,i should ape the ways of pride4 ,and when again the genial hour ,awakes the painted tribes of light1 ,i'll not o'erlook the modest flower ,that made the weds of ,april bright4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,when does the poet say the violet makes its appearance8 #b4 ,why is the violet called a modest flower8 #c4 ,why does the violet make glad the heart of the poet8 ,when the woods and fields are full of flowers1 does he notice the violet8 #d4 ,what does alone add to the meaning of line #h1 page #bih8 #e4 ,what is meant by her train1 line #i1 page #bih8 #f4 ,what are the hands of ,spring8 #g4 ,in what sense is the sun the parent of the violet8 #h4 ,why does ,bryant say the violet's seat is low8 #i4 ,what does the poet say the violet's early smile has often done for him8 #aj4 ,point out the stanzas in which the poet tells you where he finds the violet2 the stanzas in which he tells you about the appearance and character of the flower2 the stanzas in which he rebukes himself for passing it by1 and makes a promise4 #aa4 ,why does ,bryant stop to view the violet in ,april and pass it by in ,may8 #ab4 ,with what does the poet compare this treatment of the violet8 #ac4 ,what does the poet say he regrets8 #ad4 ,what other flowers come very early in the spring8 ,how do you feel when you see them8 #ae4 ,which stanza of the poem do you like best8 #af4 ,what other poem on the violet have you read8 #ag4 ,tell what you can about the author4 #ah4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 beechen2 russet2 train2 jet2 unapt4 #ai4 ,pronounce3 ere2 parent2 gorgeous2 humble2 genial4 ,phrases for ,study modest bell1 stayed my walk1 their green resume1 in darker fortunes tried1 virgin air1 ape the ways of pride1 pale skies1 genial hour1 flaunting nigh1 painted tribes of light4 ,,the ,,gladness ,,of ,,nature ,is this a time to be cloudy and sad1 ,when our ,mother ,nature laughs around1 ,when even the deep blue heavens look glad1 ,and gladness breathes from the blossoming ground8 ,there are notes of joy from the hangbird and wren1 ,and the gossip of swallows through all the sky2 ,the ground squirrel gayly chirps by his den1 ,and the wilding bee hums merrily by4 ,the clouds are at play in the azure space1 ,and their shadows at play on the bright green vale1 ,and here they stretch to the frolic chase1 ,and there they roll on the easy gale4 ,there's a dance of leaves in that aspen bower2 ,there's a titter of winds in that beechen tree2 ,there's a smile on the fruit1 and a smile on the flower1 ,and a laugh from the brook that runs to the sea4 ,and look at the broad-faced sun1 how he smiles ,on the dewy earth that smiles in his ray1 ,on the leaping waters and gay young isles1 ,ay1 look1 and he'll smile thy gloom away4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what season is described here8 #b4 ,what are the signs that ,nature is glad8 ,how do all these things affect the poet8 ,how do you sometimes feel on a cold1 rainy day8 #c4 ,what signs of gladness are mentioned in the first two stanzas8 #d4 ,which of these have you seen in springtime8 #e4 ,have you ever seen clouds that seemed to chase one another8 #f4 ,what is meant by a laugh from the brook8 #g4 ,what does the poet say the sun will do for us8 #h4 ,do you think spring is a time to be cloudy and sad8 ,why8 #i4 ,why do city boys and girls like to visit the country8 #aj4 ,read again ,a ,forward ,look1 pages #ai-bj1 and then point out fancies that ,bryant uses in this poem to help us see the beauty and wonder of ,nature4 #aa4 ,commit to memory the stanza that you like best4 #ab4 ,pronounce3 wilding2 azure2 isles2 ay4 ,phrases for ,study gladness breathes1 frolic chase1 blossoming ground1 aspen bower1 gossip of swallows1 titter of winds1 azure space1 broad-faced sun4 ,,john ,,greenleaf ,,whittier ,john ,greenleaf ,whittier 7#ahjg-ahib7 was born near the town of ,haverhill1 ,massachusetts1 not far from ,hawthorne's birthplace4 ,he had very little opportunity for education beyond what the district school afforded1 for his parents were too poor to send him away to school4 ,his two years' attendance at ,haverhill ,academy was paid for by his own work at making ladies' slippers for twenty-five cents a pair4 ,he began writing verses almost as soon as he learned to write at all1 but his father discouraged this ambition as frivolous1 saying it would never give him bread4 ,his family were ,quakers1 sturdy of stature as of character4 ,he is called ,the ,quaker ,poet4 ,whittier led the life of a ,new ,england farm boy1 used to hard work and few pleasures4 ,his library consisted of practically one book1 the family ,bible4 ,later1 a copy of ,burns's poems was loaned to him by the district schoolmaster4 ,like ,burns he had great sympathy with the humble and the poor4 ,in his poems4 ,whittier described the scenes and told the legends of his own locality4 ,home ,ballads and ,songs of ,labor1 in which ,the ,huskers and ,the ,corn-,song appear1 are among his most widely read books4 ,they picture country life and the scenes of the simple occupations common in his part of the country4 ,whittier was intensely patriotic and religious by nature4 ,his happiness lay in his association with his friends1 with children1 animals1 and the outdoor world4 ,in these respects he was like ,bryant1 a man who found pleasure in simple things4 ,like ,bryant1 also1 he was interested in public affairs4 ,any injustice to the poor he opposed passionately4 ,he wrote many poems in protest against slavery4 ,he wrote1 also1 ballads of early ,new ,england history1 and some of our most beautiful religious poetry comes from his pen4 ,his life was less filled with business cares than that of ,bryant1 but it was equally full of interests that made him happy and source of help and joy to others4 ,,the ,,huskers ,it was late in mild ,october1 and the long autumnal rain ,had left the summer harvest-fields all green with grass again2 ,the first sharp frosts had fallen1 leaving all the woodlands gay ,with the hues of summer's rainbow or the meadow flowers of ,may4 ,through a thin1 dry mist1 that morning1 the sun rose broad and red2 ,at first a rayless disk of fire1 he brightened as he sped2 ,yet even his noontide glory fell chastened and subdued ,on the cornfields and the orchards and softly pictured wood4 ,and all that quiet afternoon1 slow sloping to the night1 ,he wove with golden shuttle the haze with yellow light2 ,slanting through the tented beeches1 he glorified the hill2 ,and1 beneath it1 pond and meadow lay brighter1 greener still4 ,and shouting boys in woodland haunts caught glimpses of that sky1 ,flecked by the many-tinted leaves1 and laughed1 they knew not why2 ,and schoolgirls1 gay with aster-flowers1 beside the meadow brooks1 ,mingled the glow of autumn with the sunshine of sweet looks4 ,from spire and barn looked westerly the patient weathercocks2 ,but even the birches on the hill stood motionless as rocks4 ,no sound was in the woodlands save the squirrel's dropping shell1 ,and the yellow leaves among the boughs1 low rustling as they fell4 ,the summer grains were harvested2 the stubble-fields lay dry1 ,where ,june winds rolled1 in light and shade1 the pale green waves of rye2 ,but still1 on gentle hill-slopes1 in valleys fringed with wood1 ungathered1 bleaching in the sun1 the heavy corn crop stood4 ,bent low by autumn's wind and rain1 through husks that1 dry and sear1 ,unfolded from their ripened charge1 shone out the yellow ear2 ,beneath1 the turnip lay concealed in many a verdant fold1 ,and glistened in the slanting light the pumpkin's sphere of gold4 ,there wrought the busy harvester1 and many a creaking wain ,bore slowly to the long barn-floor its load of husk and grain2 ,till broad and red1 as when he rose1 the sun sank down at last1 ,and like a merry guest's farewell the day in brightness passed4 ,and lo6 as through the western pines1 on meadow1 stream1 and pond1 ,flamed the red radiance of a sky set all afire beyond1 ,slowly o'er the eastern sea-bluffs a milder glory shone1 ,and the sunset and the moonrise were mingled into one6 ,as thus into the quiet night the twilight lapsed away1 ,and deeper in the brightening moon the tranquil shadows lay1 ,from many a brown old farmhouse and hamlet without name1 ,their milking and their home-tasks done1 the merry huskers came4 ,swung o'er the heaped-up harvest1 from pitchforks in the mow1 ,shone dimly down the lanterns on the pleasant scene below1 ,the glowing pile of husks behind1 the golden ears before1 ,and laughing eyes and busy hands and brown cheeks glimmering o'er4 ,half hidden in a quiet nook1 serene of look and heart1 ,talking their old times over1 the old men sat apart2 ,while up and down the unhusked pile1 or nestling in its shade1 ,at hide-and-seek1 with laugh and shout1 the happy children played4 ,urged by the good host's daughter1 a maiden young and fair1 ,lifting to light her sweet blue eyes and pride of soft brown hair1 ,the master of the village school1 sleek of hair and smooth of tongue1 ,to the quaint tune of some old psalm1 a husking-ballad sung4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what is the difference between the sunshine of ,october and that of ,may8 #b4 ,why does it seem to the poet as if the sun wove with golden shuttle the yellow haze8 #c4 ,what had the frost done that made the woodlands gay8 #d4 ,what words in the second stanza make you feel that the wood was some distance away8 #e4 ,to whom does he in the third stanza refer8 #f4 ,what words in the second stanza explain the word haze in the third stanza8 #g4 ,what gave the beeches the appearance of being painted8 #h4 ,what are the colors of the woods and sky in this poem8 ,what colors are they in the poem ,the ,yellow ,violet8 ,find the words and phrases that tell you4 ,how many times1 in this poem1 does the poet use the words golden and yellow1 or speak of things that suggest these colors8 #i4 ,what do you think was the reason the boys laughed when they looked up to the sky8 #aj4 ,what summer grain is mentioned in line #aa1 page #cjd8 #aa4 ,what crop was still ungathered8 #ab4 ,where were the harvesters at work8 #ac4 ,what was it that set the sky all afire beyond8 #ad4 ,where did the husking take place8 ,what tells you this8 #ae44 ,how did the old men spend the evening8 #af4 ,what things that we eat depend on the work of the huskers8 #ag4 ,tell what you can about the author4 #ah4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 shuttle2 spire2 sear2 verdant2 wain2 lapsed4 #ai4 ,pronounce3 autumnal2 chastened2 beneath2 sphere2 wrought2 radiance2 tranquil2 mow2 serene2 psalm4 ,phrases for ,study hues of summer's rainbow1 patient weathercocks1 rayless disk of fire1 ripened charge1 brightened as he sped2 sphere of gold1 glory fell chastened1 milder glory shone1 softly pictured wood1 mingled into one1 slow sloping to the night1 hamlet without name1 glorified the hill1 golden ears before1 sunshine of sweet looks1 glimmering o'er1 looked westerly1 serene of look and heart4 ,,the ,,corn-,,song ,heap high the farmer's wintry hoard6 ,heap high the golden corn6 ,no richer gift has ,autumn poured ,from out her lavish horn6 ,let other lands1 exulting1 glean ,the apple from the pine1 ,the orange from its glossy green1 ,the cluster from the vine2 ,we better love the hardy gift ,our rugged vales bestow1 ,to cheer us when the storm shall drift ,our harvest-fields with snow4 ,through vales of grass and meads of flowers ,our plows their furrows made1 ,while on the hills the sun and showers ,of changeful ,april played4 ,we dropped the seed o'er hill and plain1 ,beneath the sun of ,may1 ,and frightened from our sprouting grain ,the robber crows away4 ,all through the long1 bright days of ,june ,its leaves grew green and fair1 ,and waved in hot midsummer's noon ,its soft and yellow hair4 ,and now1 with ,autumn's moonlit eves1 ,its harvest-time has come2 ,we pluck away the frosted leaves1 ,and bear the treasure home4 ,then shame on all the proud and vain ,whose folly laughs to scorn ,the blessing of our hardy grain1 ,our wealth of golden corn6 ,let earth withhold her goodly root1 ,let mildew blight the rye1 ,give to the worm the orchard's fruit1 ,the wheat-field to the fly2 ,but let the good old crop adorn ,the hills our fathers trod2 ,still let us1 for his golden corn1 ,send up our thanks to ,god6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,in ,a ,forward ,look1 you read that poets help you to see beauty in things that might otherwise seem common4 ,the yellow violet is less showy than the chrysanthemum1 but the poet writes of the violet4 ,the pineapple1 the orange1 the grape1 seem more interesting than the yellow corn of the fields1 but here is a poem about one of the commonest of farm crops4 ,to whom is the poet speaking in the first two stanzas8 ,point out some of the poet's fancies in this poem4 #b4 ,is all corn golden8 ,what other kinds have you seen8 #c4 ,name other gifts autumn brings us4 #d4 ,why is the corn a hardy gift8 ,what other words or phrases in the poem suggest the same idea8 #e4 ,what do we call the apple from the pine8 #f4 ,what clusters are picked from vines8 #g4 ,in what other lands do these fruits grow8 #h4 ,where was ,whittier's home8 #i4 ,what do you know of the soil and climate of ,new ,england8 #aj4 ,find the line that tells when we plant the corn4 #aa4 ,find the lines that tell when we harvest the corn4 #ab4 ,what is the yellow hair the corn waves in summer8 #ac4 ,what does the poet mean by frosted leaves8 #ad4 ,what does he think of those who scorn the blessing of the corn8 #ae4 ,what wish does the poet express in the last stanza8 #af4 ,what service did our farmers and boys and girls on the farms perform during the ,world ,war8 #ag4 ,on page #bia you were asked to notice the way in which these ,american authors have expressed their thoughts2 does ,whittier's use of rime add to the beauty of his song about corn8 ,point out some of the lines that rime4 #ah4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 glean2 hardy2 meads2 furrows2 frosted2 mildew2 adorn4 ,pronounce3 hoard2 lavish2 glossy2 root4 ,phrases for ,study wintry hoard1 rugged vales bestow1 lavish horn1 changeful ,april1 exulting1 glean1 folly laughs to scorn1 hardy gift1 goodly root4 ,,washington ,,irving ,washington ,irving 7#aghc-ahei7 was a native of ,new ,york4 ,he led a happy life1 rambling in his boyhood about every nook and corner of the city and the adjacent woods1 which at that time were not very far to seek4 ,new ,york1 called ,new ,amsterdam in early colonial times1 was then the capital of the country1 and here the boy grew up happy1 seeing many sides of ,american life1 both in the city and country4 ,manhattan ,island and the region about it1 with its commanding position at the entrance to a great inland waterway1 was from the first a prize for which the nations from across the sea had contended4 ,such a mingling of different people must give rise to interesting experiences1 and when someone appears who can put the story of those events into a pleasing sketch1 then we begin to have real literature3 ,irving had not only the experience and observation1 but the ability 'to express what he had seen and felt4 ,therefore1 when he grew to manhood and gave his sketches of this region to the world1 we had our first real ,american literature4 ,irving is best known as a humorist and a charming storyteller1 but he has also written serious and tender works4 ,his life of ,washington is a tribute of loving reverence to the great ,american for whom he was named4 ,as a boy1 ,irving was of a rather mischievous turn1 a trait which perhaps helped to make him the first ,american humorist4 ,indeed1 it has been said that before ,irving there was no laughter in the land4 ,he is called the ,father of ,american ,literature1 and also the gentle humorist4 ,capturing the ,wild ,horse is taken from ,a ,tour of the ,prairies1 and ,the ,adventure of the ,mason from ,the ,alhambra4 ,,capturing ,,the ,,wild ,,horse ,we left the buffalo camp about eight o'clock and had a toilsome march of two hours over ridges of hills covered with a ragged forest of scrub-oaks and broken by deep gullies4 ,among the oaks ,i observed many of the most diminutive size1 some not above a foot high1 yet bearing abundance of small acorns4 ,about ten o'clock in the morning we came to where this line of rugged hills swept down into a valley1 through which flowed the north fork of the ,red ,river4 ,a beautiful meadow about half a mile wide1 colored with yellow autumnal flowers1 stretched for two or three miles along the foot of the hills1 bordered on the opposite side by the river1 whose bank was fringed with cottonwood trees4 ,the meadow was finely diversified by groves and clumps of trees1 so happily arranged that they seemed as if set out by the hand of art4 ,as we cast our eyes over this fresh and delightful valley1 we saw a troop of wild horses quietly grazing on a green lawn about a mile distant to our right1 while to our left1 at nearly the same distance1 were several buffaloes--some feeding1 others reposing and ruminating among the high1 rich herbage under the shade of a clump of cottonwood trees4 ,the whole had the appearance of a broad1 beautiful tract of pasture land on the estate of some gentleman farmer1 with his cattle grazing about the lawns and meadows4 ,a council of war was now held1 and it was determined to profit by the present favorable opportunity and try our hand at the grand hunting-maneuver which is called ringing the wild horse4 ,this requires a large party of horsemen1 well mounted4 ,they extend themselves in each direction1 singly1 at certain distances apart1 and gradually form a ring of two or three miles in circumference1 so as to surround the game4 ,this has to be done with extreme care1 for the wild horse is the most readily alarmed inhabitant of the prairie1 and can scent a hunter at a great distance1 if to windward4 ,the ring being formed1 two or three ride toward the horses1 which start off in an opposite direction4 ,whenever they approach the bounds of the ring1 however1 a huntsman presents himself and turns them from their course4 ,in this way they are checked and driven back at every point1 and kept galloping round and round this magic circle1 until1 being completely tired down1 it is easy for the hunters to ride up beside them and throw the lariat over their heads4 ,the prime horses of most speed and courage1 however1 are apt to break through and escape1 so that in general it is the second-rate horses that are taken4 ,preparations were now made for a hunt of this kind4 ,the packhorses were taken into the woods and firmly tied to trees1 lest in a rush of the wild horses they should break away with them4 ,twenty-five men were then sent1 under the command of a lieutenant1 to steal along the edge of the valley within the strip of wood that skirted the hills4 ,they were to station themselves about fifty yards apart1 within the edge of the woods1 and not advance or show themselves until the horses dashed in that direction4 ,twenty-five men were sent across the valley to steal in like manner along the river bank that bordered the opposite side1 and to station themselves among the trees4 ,a third party of about the same number was to form a line stretching across the lower part of the valley1 so as to connect the two wings4 ,beatte and our other half-breed2 ,antoine1 together with the ever-officious ,tonish1 were to make a circuit through the woods1 so as to get to the upper part of the valley in the rear of the horses1 and to drive them forward into the kind of sack that we had formed1 while the two wings should join behind them and make a complete circle4 ,the flanking parties were quietly extending themselves1 out of sight1 on each side of the valley1 and the rest were stretching themselves like the links of a chain across it1 when the wild horses gave signs that they scented an enemy--snuffing the air1 snorting1 and looking about4 ,at length they pranced off slowly toward the river and disappeared behind a green bank4 ,here1 had the rules of the chase been observed1 they would have been quietly checked and turned back by the advance of a hunter from among the trees2 unluckily1 however1 we had our wildfire ,jack-o'-lantern little ,frenchman to deal with4 ,instead of keeping quietly up the right side of the valley to get above the horses1 the moment he saw them move toward the river he broke out of the thicket of woods and dashed furiously across the plain in pursuit of them1 being1 mounted on one of the led horses belonging to the ,count4 ,this put an end to all system4 ,the half-breeds and half a score of rangers joined in the chase4 ,away they all went over the green bank2 in a moment or two the wild horses reappeared and came thundering down the valley1 with ,frenchman1 half-breeds1 and rangers galloping and yelling like mad behind them4 ,it was in vain that the line drawn across the valley attempted to check and turn back the fugitives4 ,they were too hotly pressed by their pursuers2 in their panic they dashed through the line and clattered down the plain4 ,the whole troop joined in the headlong chase-some of the rangers without hats or caps1 their hair flying about their ears2 others with handkerchiefs tied round their heads4 ,the buffaloes1 which had been calmly ruminating among the herbage1 heaved up their huge forms1 gazed for a moment with astonishment at the tempest that came scouring down the meadow1 then turned and took to heavy-rolling flight4 ,they were soon overtaken2 the mixed throng were pressed together by the sides of the valley1 and away they went1 pell-mell1 hurry-scurry1 wild buffalo1 wild horse1 wild huntsman1 with clang and clatter1 and whoop and halloo1 that made the forests ring4 ,at length the buffaloes turned into a green brake on the river bank1 while the horses dashed up a narrow defile of the hills1 with their pursuers close at their heels4 ,beatte passed several of them1 having fixed his eye upon a fine ,pawnee horse that had his ears slit1 and saddle marks upon his back4 ,he pressed him gallantly1 but lost him in the woods4 ,among the wild horses was a fine black mare4 ,in scrambling up the defile she tripped and fell4 ,a young ranger sprang from his horse and seized her by the mane and muzzle4 ,another ranger dismounted and came to his assistance4 ,the mare struggled fiercely1 kicking and biting1 and striking with her forefeet2 but a noose was slipped over her head1 and her struggles were in vain4 ,it was some time1 however1 before she gave over rearing and plunging1 and lashing out with her feet on every side4 ,the two rangers then led her along the valley by two long lariats1 which enabled them to keep at a sufficient distance on each side to be out of the reach of her hoofs2 and whenever she struck out in one direction1 she was jerked in the other4 ,in this way her spirit was gradually subdued4 ,as to little ,tonish1 who had marred the whole scene by his rashness1 he had been more successful than he deserved1 having managed to catch a beautiful cream-colored colt about seven months old1 which had not strength to keep up with its companions4 ,the little ,frenchman was beside himself with joy4 ,it was amusing to see him with his prize4 ,the colt would rear and kick and struggle to get free1 when ,tonish would take him about the neck1 wrestle with him1 jump on his back1 and cut as many antics as a monkey with a kitten4 ,nothing surprised me more1 however1 than to see how soon these poor animals1 thus taken from the unbounded freedom of the prairie1 yielded to the control of man4 ,in the course of two or three days the mare and colt went with the led horses and became quite docile4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,historical ,note4 ,in #ahcb ,irving made a tour of the prairies--that is1 of what was then the ,far ,west1 beyond the ,mississippi1 where1 he says1 there is neither to be seen the log house of the white man1 nor the wigwam of the ,indian4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,what picture do the first three paragraphs give you8 #b4 ,tell how ringing the wild horse is accomplished4 #c4 ,what preparations did ,irving's party make for the hunt8 #d4 ,who broke the rules of the chase8 #e4 ,what was the effect of this8 #f4 ,tell all you can learn about ,tonish1 the little ,frenchman4 #g4 ,what does ,irving say about the ease with which the wild horses were tamed8 #h4 ,list the words that give ideas of thrilling action in the paragraph beginning1 ,the whole troop joined in the headlong chase4 ,what words tell the difference between the buffaloes and the horses in flight8 #i4 ,tell what you can about the author4 #aj4 ,class readings3 ,select the passages you like best4 #aa4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using the following topics3 7a7 the scene of action2 7b7 the method of approach2 7c7 the preparations2 7d7 the mistake of ,tonish2 7e7 the excitement of the chase2 7f7 the two captures4 #ab4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 toilsome2 gullies2 diversified2 circumference2 prime2 skirted2 fugitives2 brake2 defile4 #ac4 ,pronounce3 diminutive2 ruminating2 herbage2 maneuver2 kept2 lariat2 circuit2 reappeared2 rangers2 handkerchiefs2 rearing2 marred4 ,phrases for ,study swept down into a valley1 wildfire ,jack-o'-lantern1 fringed with trees1 thundering down the valley1 happily arranged1 hand of art1 hotly pressed1 council of war1 scouring down the meadow1 well mounted1 heavy-rolling flight1 if to windward1 spirit was gradually subdued1 approach the bounds1 ever-officious ,tonish1 marred the whole scene1 flanking parties1 beside himself with joy1 extending themselves1 unbounded freedom1 ,,the ,,adventure ,,of ,,the ,,mason ,there was once upon a time a poor mason1 or bricklayer1 in ,granada1 who kept all the saints' days and holidays1 and ,saint ,monday into the bargain1 and yet with all his devotion he grew poorer and poorer and could scarcely earn bread for his numerous family4 ,one night he was roused from his first sleep by a knocking at his door4 ,he opened it and beheld before him a tall stranger4 ,hark ye1 honest friend6 said the stranger2 ,i have observed that you are a good ,christian and one to be trusted4 ,will you undertake a job this very night8 ,with all my heart1 ,senor1 on condition that ,i am paid accordingly4 ,that you shall be2 but you must suffer yourself to be blindfolded4 ,to this the mason made no objection4 ,so1 being hoodwinked1 he was led by the stranger through various rough lanes and winding passages until they stopped before the portal of a house4 ,the stranger then applied a key1 turned a creaking lock1 and opened what sounded like a ponderous door4 ,they entered2 the door was closed and bolted1 and the mason was conducted through an echoing corridor and a spacious hall to an interior part of the building4 ,here the bandage was removed from his eyes1 and he found himself in a court dimly lighted by a single lamp4 ,in the center was the dry basin of an old fountain1 under which the stranger requested him to form a small vault1 bricks and mortar being at hand for the purpose4 ,he worked all night1 but without finishing the job4 ,just before daybreak the stranger put a piece of gold into his hand1 and having again blindfolded him1 conducted him back to his dwelling4 ,are you willing1 said he1 to return and complete your work8 ,gladly1 ,senor1 provided ,i am so well paid4 ,well then1 tomorrow at midnight ,i will call again4 ,he did so1 and the vault was completed4 ,now1 said the stranger1 you must help me to bring forth the bodies that are to be buried in this vault4 ,the poor mason's hair rose on his head at these words2 he followed the stranger with trembling steps into a retired chamber of the mansion1 expecting to behold some ghastly spectacle of death1 but was relieved on seeing three or four jars standing in one corner4 ,they were full of money1 and it was with great labor that he and the stranger carried them forth and consigned them to their tomb4 ,the vault was then closed1 the pavement replaced1 and all traces of the work were obliterated4 ,the mason was again hoodwinked and led forth by a route different from that by which he had come4 ,after they had wandered for a long time through a maze of lanes and alleys1 they halted4 ,the stranger then put two pieces of gold into his hand4 ,wait here1 said he1 until you hear the cathedral bell toll4 ,if you uncover your eyes before that time1 evil will befall you4 ,so saying1 he departed4 ,the mason waited faithfully1 amusing himself by weighing the gold pieces in his hand and clinking them against each other4 ,the moment the cathedral bell rang its peals he uncovered his eyes and found himself on the banks of the ,xenil2 whence he made the best of his way home and reveled with his family for a whole fortnight on the profits of his two nights' work2 after which he was as poor as ever4 ,he continued to work a little and pray a good deal and keep saints' days and holidays from year to year1 while his family grew up gaunt and ragged as a crew of gypsies4 ,as he was seated one evening at the door of his hovel1 he was accosted by a rich old curmudgeon who was noted for owning many houses and being a griping landlord4 ,the man of money eyed him for a moment from beneath a pair of anxious1 shaggy eyes4 ,i am told1 friend1 that you are very poor4 ,there is no denying the fact1 ,senor--it speaks for itself4 ,i presume then that you will be glad of a job and will work cheap8 ,as cheap1 my master1 as any mason in ,granada4 ,that's what ,i want4 ,i have an old house fallen into decay1 which costs me more money than it is worth to keep in repair1 for nobody will live in it4 ,so ,i must patch it up and keep it together at as small expense as possible4 ,the mason was accordingly conducted to a large deserted house that seemed going to ruin4 ,passing through several empty halls and chambers1 he entered an inner court1 where his eye was caught by an old fountain4 ,he paused for a moment1 for a dreamy recollection of the place came over him4 ,pray1 said he1 who occupied this house formerly8 ,a pest upon him6 cried the landlord2 it was an old miserly fellow who cared for nobody but himself4 ,he was said to be immensely rich4 ,he died suddenly1 and nothing could they find but a few ducats in a leathern purse4 ,the worst luck has fallen on me1 for since his death the old fellow continues to occupy my house without paying rent4 ,the people pretend to hear the clinking of gold all night in the chamber where the old fellow slept1 as if he were counting over his money1 and sometimes a groaning and moaning about the court4 ,whether true or false1 these stories have brought a bad name on my house1 and not a tenant will remain in it4 ,enough1 said the mason sturdily2 let me live in your house rent-free until some better tenant appears1 and ,i will put it in repair and quiet the troubled spirit that disturbs it4 ,i am a good ,christian and a poor man and am not to be daunted by the ,devil himself1 even though he should come in the shape of a big bag of money6 ,the offer of the mason was gladly accepted4 ,he moved with his family into the house1 and fulfilled all of his engagements4 ,by little and little he restored it to its former state2 the clinking of gold was no more heard at night in the chamber of the defunct tenant1 but began to be heard by day in the pocket of the living mason4 ,in a word1 he increased rapidly in wealth1 to the admiration of all his neighbors1 and became one of the richest men in ,granada4 ,he gave large sums to the ,church--by way1 no doubt1 of satisfying his conscience--and never revealed the secret of the vault until on his deathbed to his son and heir4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what condition led the mason to undertake the stranger's task8 #b4 ,why was the mason blindfolded8 #c4 ,how long did it take him to complete the vault8 #d4 ,what was buried in it8 #e4 ,how did the mason find his way home8 #f4 ,was the mason's poverty relieved by the pay he received from the stranger8 #g4 ,what work did the grasping landlord propose to the mason8 #h4 ,what stories had brought a bad name upon the landlord's house8 #i4 ,what was the dreamy recollection8 #aj4 ,how did the mason show his quick wit8 #aa4 ,why did he say that he was not afraid of the ,devil in the shape of a bag of money8 #ab4 ,what differences do you notice between this story of how the mason came upon great wealth and the stories of ,aladdin and ,ali ,baba8 #ac4 ,read again pages #bhi-bia and tell what makes ,irving a real author4 ,can you tell why you enjoyed this story8 #ad4 ,class reading3 ,the second part of the story1 page #cah1 line #bj1 to the end4 #ae4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using the following topics3 7a7 how the mason built the vault in the mysterious house2 7b7 how he unexpectedly came into possession of this vault many years later4 #af4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 hoodwinked2 vault2 maze2 cathedral2 pest2 ducat4 #ag4 ,pronounce3 ,granada2 ,senor2 ponderous2 ghastly2 obliterated2 route2 gaunt2 hovel2 curmudgeon2 daunted4 ,phrases for ,study retired chamber1 troubled spirit1 ghastly spectacle1 former state1 crew of gypsies1 defunct tenant1 griping landlord1 by way of satisfying4 ,,henry ,,wadsworth ,,longfellow ,henry ,wadsworth ,longfellow 7#ahjg-ahhb7 was a native of ,maine and a graduate of ,bowdoin ,college1 in the same class with ,nathaniel ,hawthorne4 ,longfellow came of early ,new ,england ancestry1 his mother being a daughter of ,general ,wadsworth of the ,revolutionary ,war4 ,after his graduation from college he spent several years abroad and upon his return to ,america held professorships first in ,bowdoin and later in ,harvard ,college4 ,when he moved to ,cambridge and began his active work at ,harvard1 he took up his residence in the historic ,craigie ,house1 overlooking the ,charles ,river-a house in which ,washington had been quartered for some months when in #agge he took command of the ,continental army4 ,longfellow is the poet who has spoken most sincerely and sympathetically to the hearts of the common people and to children4 ,his style is notable for its simplicity and grace4 ,his ,hiawatha is a national poem that records the picturesque traditions of the ,american ,indian4 ,its charm and melody are the delight of all children1 and in years to come1 when the race which it describes has utterly disappeared1 we shall value at even higher state2 the clinking of gold was no more heard at night in the chamber of the defunct tenant1 but began to be heard by day in the pocket of the living mason4 ,in a word1 he increased rapidly in wealth1 to the admiration of all his neighbors1 and became one of the richest men in ,granada4 ,he gave large sums to the ,church--by way1 no doubt1 of satisfying his conscience--and never revealed the secret of the vault until on his deathbed to his son and heir4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what condition led the mason to undertake the stranger's task8 #b4 ,why was the mason blindfolded8 #c4 ,how long did it take him to complete the vault8 #d4 ,what was buried in it8 #e4 ,how did the mason find his way home8 #f4 ,was the mason's poverty relieved by the pay he received from the stranger8 #g4 ,what work did the grasping landlord propose to the mason8 #h4 ,what stories had brought a bad name upon the landlord's house8 #i4 ,what was the dreamy recollection8 #aj4 ,how did the mason show his quick wit8 #aa4 ,why did he say that he was not afraid of the ,devil in the shape of a bag of money8 #ab4 ,what differences do you notice between this story of how the mason came upon great wealth and the stories of ,aladdin and ,ali ,baba8 #ac4 ,read again pages #bhi-bia and tell what makes ,irving a real author4 ,can you tell why you enjoyed this story8 #ad4 ,class reading3 ,the second part of the story1 page #cah1 line #bj1 to the end4 #ae4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story in your own words1 using the following topics3 7a7 how the mason built the vault in the mysterious house2 7b7 how he unexpectedly came into possession of this vault many years later4 #af4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 hoodwinked2 vault2 maze2 cathedral2 pest2 ducat4 #ag4 ,pronounce3 ,granada2 ,senor2 ponderous2 ghastly2 obliterated2 route2 gaunt2 hovel2 curmudgeon2 daunted4 ,phrases for ,study retired chamber1 troubled spirit1 ghastly spectacle1 former state1 crew of gypsies1 defunct tenant1 griping landlord1 by way of satisfying4 ,,henry ,,wadsworth ,,longfellow ,henry ,wadsworth ,longfellow 7#ahjg-ahhb7 was a native of ,maine and a graduate of ,bowdoin ,college1 in the same class with ,nathaniel ,hawthorne4 ,longfellow came of early ,new ,england ancestry1 his mother being a daughter of ,general ,wadsworth of the ,revolutionary ,war4 ,after his graduation from college he spent several years abroad and upon his return to ,america held professorships first in ,bowdoin and later in ,harvard ,college4 ,when he moved to ,cambridge and began his active work at ,harvard1 he took up his residence in the historic ,craigie ,house1 overlooking the ,charles ,river-a house in which ,washington had been quartered for some months when in #agge he took command of the ,continental army4 ,longfellow is the poet who has spoken most sincerely and sympathetically to the hearts of the common people and to children4 ,his style is notable for its simplicity and grace4 ,his ,hiawatha is a national poem that records the picturesque traditions of the ,american ,indian4 ,its charm and melody are the delight of all children1 and in years to come1 when the race which it describes has utterly disappeared1 we shall value at even higher worth these stories of the romantic past of ,america and of the brave people who inhabited these mountains and plains before the white man came4 ,besides ,indian stories1 ,longfellow wrote many narratives in verse dealing with old legends of ,america4 ,the ,skeleton in ,armor is an example of the legends about ,european explorers who came here before the days of ,columbus4 ,evangehne and ,the ,courtship of ,miles ,standish are longer poems which find their subjects in early colonial history4 ,he wrote also of legends of ,europe1 and was well acquainted with stories and romances of older civilizations than ours4 ,equally well-known poems1 of a different type1 are those in which household joys and sorrows give the theme4 ,longfellow is the poet of the home-life1 of simple hopes1 of true religious faith4 ,his spirit was the ,spirit of a child1 affectionate1 loyal1 eager for romance and knightly adventure4 ,he is the ,children's ,poet1 as the poem ,the ,children's ,hour helps to show4 ,there were sorrows as well as joys in his life1 and this is why we go to him in trouble and why so many people know his poems by heart4 ,sorrow never took away his faith or made him bitter4 ,he is genial and kindly1 the friend--of all ,americans everywhere4 ,,the ,,arrow ,,and ,,the ,,song ,i shot an arrow into the air2 ,it ,fell to earth1 ,i knew not where2 ,for1 so swiftly it flew1 the sight ,could not follow it in its flight4 ,i breathed a ,song into the air2 ,it fell to earth1 ,i knew not where2 ,for who has sight so keen and strong ,that it can follow the flight of ,song8 ,long1 long afterwards1 in an oak ,i found the arrow1 still unbroke2 ,and the song1 from beginning to end1 ,i found again in the heart of a friend4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion3 #a4 ,what became of the arrow8 ,of the song8 #b4 ,where was the arrow found8 ,when8 #c4 ,where was the ,song found8 #d4 ,point out lines that rime4 #e4 ,what is ,longfellow's purpose in this poem8 #f4 ,why is the poet's song compared to the flight of an arrow8 #g4 ,a poet once said1 ,let me make the ,songs of a nation1 and ,i care not who makes the laws4 ,what did he mean8 #h4 ,what was the ,song doing in the heart of a friend8 ,phrases for ,study breathed a song1 flight of ,song4 ,,the ,,children',s ,,hour ,between the dark and the daylight1 ,when the night is beginning to lower1 ,comes a pause in the day's occupations1 ,that is known as the ,children's ,hour4 ,i hear in the chamber above me ,the patter of little feet1 ,the ,sound of a door that is opened1 ,and voices soft and sweet4 ,from my study ,i ,see in the lamplight1 ,descending the broad hall stair1 ,grave ,alice1 and laughing ,allegra4 ,and ,edith with golden hair4 ,a whisper1 and then a silence2 ,yet ,i know by their merry eyes ,they are plotting and planning together ,to take me by surprise4 ,a sudden rush from the stairway1 ,a sudden raid from the hall6 ,by three doors left unguarded ,they enter my castle wall6 ,they climb up into my turret ,o'er the arms and back of my chair2 ,if ,i try to escape1 they surround me2 ,they seem to be everywhere4 ,they almost devour me with kisses2 ,their arms about me entwine2 ,till ,i think of the ,bishop of ,bingen ,in his ,mouse-,tower on the ,rhine6 ,do you think1 ,o blue-eyed banditti1 ,because you have scaled the wall1 ,such an old mustache as ,i am ,is not a match for you all8 ,i have you fast in my fortress1 ,and will not let you depart1 gut put you down into the dungeon in the round-tower of my heart4 ,and there will ,i keep you forever1 ,yes1 forever and a day1 ,till the walls shall crumble to ruin1 ,and molder in dust away6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what is the time ,between the dark and the daylight usually called8 #b4 ,what do you suppose ,longfellow had been doing in his study before the children came down to him8 #c4 ,what reasons can you give for the pause in the day's occupations8 #d4 ,who were the children whom the poet saw ,descending the broad hall stair to enter his castle wall8 #e4 ,what were these children whispering about8 #f4 ,what does ,longfellow mean by his turret8 #g4 ,to what does he compare the rush made by the children8 #h4 ,what wall did they scale in order to reach him8 #i4 ,where does ,longfellow say he will put the children now that he has captured them8 #aj4 ,which stanza of this poem do you like best8 #aa4 ,tell what you know about the life of ,longfellow4 #ab4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 raid2 match4 #ac4 ,pronounce3 lower2 banditti2 dungeon4 ,phrases for ,study ,bishop of ,bingen1 round-tower of my heart1 scaled the wall1 forever and a day1 such an old mustache1 molder in dust away1 fast in my fortress4 ,,the ,,song ,,of ,,hiawatha ,,introduction ,should you ask me1 whence these stories1 ,whence these legends and traditions1 ,with the odors of the forest1 ,with the dew and damp of meadows1 ,with the curling smoke of wigwams1 ,with the rushing of great rivers1 ,with their frequent repetitions1 ,and their wild reverberations1 ,as of thunder in the mountains4 ,i should answer1 ,i should tell you3 ,from the forests and the prairies1 ,from the great lakes of the ,northland1 ,from the land of the ,ojibways1 ,from the land of the ,dacotahs1 ,from the mountains1 moors1 and fenlands1 ,where the heron1 the ,shuh-shuh-gah1 ,feeds among the reeds and rushes4 ,i repeat them as ,i heard them ,from the lips ,of ,nawadaha ,the musician1 the sweet singer4 ,should you ask where ,nawadaha ,found these songs1 so wild and wayward1 ,found these legends and traditions1 ,i should answer1 ,i should tell you3 ,in the birds'-nests of the forests1 ,in the lodges of the beaver1 ,in the hoof-prints of the bison1 ,in the aerie of the eagle6 ,if still further you should ask me1 ,saying1 ,who was ,nawadaha8 ,tell us of this ,nawadaha1 ,i should answer your inquiries ,straightway in such words as follow3 ,in the ,vale of ,tawasentha1 ,in the green and silent valley1 ,by the pleasant water-courses4 ,dwelt the singer ,nawadaha4 ,round about the ,indian village ,spread the meadows and the cornfields1 ,and beyond them stood the forest1 ,stood the groves of singing pine-trees1 ,green in summer1 white in winter1 ,ever sighing1 ever singing4 ,there he sang of ,hiawatha1 ,sang the ,song of ,hiawatha1 ,sang his wondrous birth and being1 ,how he prayed and how he fasted1 ,how he lived1 and toiled1 and suffered1 ,that the tribes of men might prosper1 ,that he might advance his people6 ,ye who love the haunts of ,nature1 ,love the sunshine of the meadow1 ,love the shadow of the forest1 ,love the wind among the branches1 ,and the rain-shower and the snowstorm1 ,and the rushing of great rivers ,through their palisades of pine-trees1 ,and the thunder in the mountains1 ,listen to this ,indian ,legend1 ,to this ,song of ,hiawatha6 ,ye whose hearts are fresh and simple1 ,who have faith in ,god and ,nature1 ,listen to this simple story1 ,to this ,song of ,hiawatha6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,you have now begun to read parts of a long poem about ,indian life and tradition4 ,the ,indians1 like all other races of men1 have such songs4 ,longfellow studied the ,indian legends and put them into ,english verse so that all of us may enjoy them4 ,such a poem1 which is really a collection of ballads or songs about heroes and about the beliefs and superstitions of a race1 is often called an epic4 ,notice that the poet tells you that these stories in verse have the odors of the forest1 the curling smoke of wigwams2 the rushing of great rivers1 and the roar of mountain thunder4 ,this means that such stories are very closely connected with the simple life of a simple people--there is much of their thought about ,nature1 much of their love of the land where they live4 ,next1 notice that he got his knowledge of these songs from a sweet singer1 a minstrel4 ,all simple tribes have had such singers1 who went about from place to place telling in verse what the people wanted to hear4 ,there were no books1 both boys and girls learned their stories from older people1 or from wandering singers4 ,next1 you observe that the theme of the stories is the life of ,hiawatha1 their great hero4 ,so the ,greeks had stories about their hero ,ulysses1 the early ,english about ,beowulf and ,king ,arthur1 the ,french about ,roland4 ,every great race honors the memory of a hero who lived when the race was young4 ,many stories cluster about the name of this hero1 and poets and minstrels love to sing1 and the people to hear1 about these great characters4 ,finally1 notice at the end of the poet's ,introduction1 two things3 ,first1 ,hiawatha lived and toiled and suffered that the tribes might prosper1 that he might advance his people-thus an epic poem deals with the founding of a people or race4 ,second1 you notice that there is much about ,god and ,nature in the poem-the simple religious faith of the people4 ,the hero1 his deeds that helped his people1 the religion of the tribes-these are the subjects4 ,find illustrations of these things as you read4 ,discussion4 #a4 ,where did these stories come from8 ,read lines which tell4 #b4 ,name the ,great ,lakes4 #c4 ,who was ,nawadaha8 #d4 ,what word tells the sound of the pine-trees8 #e4 ,read five lines that tell what the singer sang of ,hiawatha4 #f4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 reverberations4 #g4 ,pronounce3 legends2 wigwams2 aerie4 ,phrases for ,study singing pine-trees1 advance his people1 wondrous birth and being1 haunts of ,nature1 tribes of men might prosper1 palisades of pine-trees4 ,,hiawatha',s ,,childhood ,by the shores of ,gitche ,gumee1 ,by the shining ,big-,sea-,water1 ,stood the wigwam of ,nokomis1 ,daughter of the ,moon1 ,nokomis4 ,dark behind it rose the forest1 ,rose the black and gloomy pine-trees1 ,rose the firs with cones upon them2 ,bright before it beat the water1 ,beat the clear and sunny water1 ,beat the shining ,big-,sea-,water4 ,there the wrinkled1 old ,nokomis ,nursed the little ,hiawatha2 ,rocked him in his linden cradle1 ,bedded soft in moss and rushes1 ,safely bound with reindeer sinews2 ,stilled his fretful wail by saying1 ,hush6 ,the ,naked ,bear will get thee6 ,lulled him into slumber1 singing1 ,ewa-yea6 my little owlet6 ,who is this that lights the wigwam1 ,with his great eyes lights the wigwam8 ,ewa-yea6 my little owlet6 ,many things ,nokomis taught him ,of the stars that shine in heaven2 ,showed the broad1 white road in heaven1 ,pathway of the ghosts1 the shadows1 ,running straight across the heavens1 ,crowded with the ghosts1 the shadows4 ,at the door on summer evenings ,sat the little ,hiawatha2 ,heard the whispering of the pine-trees1 ,heard the lapping of the water1 ,sounds of music1 words of wonder2 ,minne-wawa6 said the pine-trees1 ,mudway-aushka6 said the water4 ,saw the firefly1 ,wah-wah-taysee1 ,flitting through the dusk of evening1 ,with the twinkle of its candle ,lighting up the brakes and bushes2 ,and he sang the song of children1 ,sang the song ,nokomis taught him3 ,wah-wah-taysee1 little firefly1 ,little1 flitting1 white-fire insect1 ,little1 dancing1 white-fire creature1 ,light me with your little candle1 ,ere upon my bed ,i lay me1 ,ere in sleep ,i close my eyelids6 ,saw the moon rise from the water ,rippling1 rounding from the water2 ,saw the flecks and shadows on it2 ,whispered1 ,what is that1 ,nokomis8 ,and the good ,nokomis answered ,once a warrior1 very angry1 ,seized his grandmother1 and threw her ,up into the sky at midnight2 ,right against the moon he threw her2 ,tis her body that you see there4 ,saw the rainbow in the heaven1 ,in the eastern sky1 the rainbow2 ,whispered1 ,what is that1 ,nokomis8 ,and the good ,nokomis answered3 ',tis the heaven of flowers you see there4 ,all the wild-flowers of the forest1 ,all the lilies of the prairie1 ,when on earth they fade and perish1 ,blossom in that heaven above us4 ,when he heard the owls at midnight1 ,hooting1 laughing in the forest1 ,what is that8 he cried in terror2 ,what is that1 he said1 ,nokomis8 ,and the good ,nokomis answered3 ,that is but the owl and owlet1 ,talking in their native language1 ,talking1 scolding at each other4 ,then the little ,hiawatha ,learned of every bird its language1 ,learned their names and all their secrets-- ,how they built their nests in summer1 ,where they hid themselves in winter-- ,talked with them whene'er he met them1 ,called them ,hiawatha's ,chickens4 ,of all beasts he learned the language1 ,learned their names and all their secrets-- ,how the beavers built their lodges1 ,where the squirrels hid their acorns1 ,how the reindeer ran so swiftly1 ,why the rabbit was so timid2 ,talked with them whene'er he met then1 ,called them ,hiawatha's ,brothers4 ,then ,iagoo1 the great boaster1 ,he the marvelous story-teller1 ,he the traveler and the talker1 ,he the friend of old ,nokomis1 ,made a bow for ,hiawatha2 ,from a branch of ash he made it1 ,from an oak-bough made the arrows4 ,tipped with flint1 and winged with feathers1 ,and the cord he made of deerskin4 ,then he said to ,hiawatha3 ,go1 my son1 into the forest1 ,where the red deer herd together2 ,kill for us a famous roebuck1 ,kill for us a deer with antlers6 ,forth into the forest straightway ,all alone walked ,hiawatha ,proudly1 with his bow and arrows2 ,and the birds sang round him1 o'er him1 ,do not shoot us1 ,hiawatha61 ,sang the robin1 the ,opechee1 ,sang the bluebird1 the ,owaissa1 ,do not shoot us1 ,hiawatha6 ,up the oak-tree1 close beside him1 ,sprang the squirrel1 ,adjidaumo1 ,in and out among the branches1 ,coughed and chattered from the oak-tree1 ,laughed1 and said between his laughing2 ,do not shoot-me1 ,hiawatha6 ,and the rabbit from his pathway ,leaped aside1 and at a distance ,sat erect upon his haunches1 ,half in fear and half in frolic1 ,saying to the little hunter1 ,do not shoot me1 ,hiawatha6 ,but he heeded not1 nor heard them1 ,for his thoughts were with the red deer2 ,on their tracks his eyes were fastened1 ,leading downward to the river1 ,to the ford across the river2 ,and as one in slumber walked he4 ,hidden in the alder-bushes1 ,there he waited till the deer came1 ,till he saw two antlers lifted1 ,saw two eyes look from the thicket1 ,saw two nostrils point to windward1 ,and a deer came down the pathway1 ,flecked with leafy light and shadow4 ,his heart within him fluttered1 ,trembled like the leaves above him1 ,like the birch-leaf palpitated1 ,as the deer came down the pathway4 ,then1 upon one knee uprising1 ,hiawatha aimed an arrow2 ,scarce a twig moved with his motion1 ,scarce a leaf was stirred or rustled1 ,but the wary roebuck started1 ,stamped with all his hoofs together1 ,listened with one foot uplifted1 ,leaped as if to meet the arrow1 ,ah6 the singing1 fatal arrow2 ,like a wasp it buzzed and stung him6 ,dead he lay there in the forest1 ,by the ford across the river2 ,beat his timid heart no longer4 ,but the heart of ,hiawatha ,throbbed and shouted and exulted1 ,as he bore the red deer homeward2 ,and ,,woo and ,nokomis coming with applauses4 ,from the red deer's hide ,nokomis ,made a cloak for ,hiawatha2 ,from the red deer's flesh ,nokomis ,made a banquet in his honor4 ,all the village came and feasted2 ,all the guests praised ,hiawatha1 ,called him ,strong-,heart1 ,soan-ge-taha6 ,called him ,loon-,heart1 ,mahn-go-taysee6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what body of water is called ,gitche ,gumee8 #b4 ,where did the wigwam of ,nokomis stand8 #c4 ,what is meant by the beat of the water8 #d4 ,why does ,longfellow call the pine trees black and gloomy8 #e4 ,who was ,nokomis8 #f4 ,why did she call ,hiawatha my little owlet8 #g4 ,what do we call the broad1 white road in heaven8 #h4 ,what word tells the so sound of the water8 #i4 ,read lines that tell what ,hiawatha learned of the birds and the beasts4 #aj4 ,of what was ,hiawatha's bow made8 ,his arrows8 ,the cord8 #aa4 ,why was a tip of flint used on the arrows8 #ab4 ,what is meant by the ford across the river8 #ac4 ,read lines which tell that ,hiawatha was excited when hunting4 #ad4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of linden2 frolic2 postrils4 #ae4 ,pronounce3 moss2 sinews2 warrior2 haunches2 alder2 palpitated2 exulted4 ,phrases for ,study twinkle of its candle1 famous roebuck1 native language1 point to windward1 tipped with flint1 flecked with leafy light1 winged with feathers1 hailed his coming4 ,,hiawatha',s ,,friends ,two good friends had ,hiawatha1 ,singled out from all the others1 ,bound to him in closest union1 ,and to whom he gave the right hand ,of his heart1 in joy and sorrow3 ,chibiabos1 the musician1 ,and the very strong man1 ,kwasind4 ,most beloved by ,hiawatha ,was the gentle ,chibiabos1 ,we the best of all musicians1 ,he the sweetest of all singers4 ,beautiful and childlike was he1 ,brave as man is1 soft as woman1 ,pliant as a wand of willow1 ,stately as a deer with antlers4 ,when he sang1 the village listened2 ,all the warriors gathered round him1 ,all the women came to hear him2 ,now he stirred their souls to passion1 ,now he melted them to pity4 ,from the hollow reeds he fashioned ,flutes so musical and mellow ,that the brook1 the ,sebowisha1 ,ceased to murmur in the woodland1 ,that the wood-birds ceased from singing1 ,and the squirrel1 ,adjidaumo1 ,ceased his chatter in the oak-tree1 ,ceased his chatter in the oak-tree1 ,and the rabbit1 the ,wabasso1 ,sat upright to look and listen4 ,yes1 the brook1 the ,sebowisha1 ,pausing1 said1 ,o ,chibiabos1 ,teach my waves to flow in music1 ,softly as your words in singing6 ,yes1 the bluebird1 the ,owaissa1 ,envious1 said1 ,o ,chibiabos1 ,teach me tones as wild and wayward1 ,teach me songs as full of frenzy6 ,yes1 the robin1 the ,opechee1 ,joyous1 said1 ,o ,chibiabos1 ,teach me tunes as sweet and tender1 ,teach me songs as full of gladness6 ,and the whippoorwill1 ,wawonaissa1 ,sobbing1 said1 ,o ,chibiabos1 ,teach me tones as melancholy1 ,teach me songs as full of sadness6 ,all the many sounds of nature ,borrowed sweetness from his singing2 ,all the hearts of men were softened ,by the pathos of his music2 ,for he sang of peace and freedom1 ,sang of beauty1 love1 and longing2 ,sang of death1 and life undying ,in the ,islands of the ,blessed1 ,in the kingdom of ,pond1 ,in the land of the ,hereafter4 ,very dear to ,hiawatha ,was the gentle ,chibiabos4 ,he the best of all musicians1 ,he the sweetest of all singers2 ,for his gentleness he loved him1 ,and the magic of his singing4 ,dear1 too1 unto ,hiawatha ,was the very strong man1 ,kwasind1 ,he the strongest of all mortals1 ,he the mightiest among many2 ,for his very strength he loved him1 ,for his strength allied to goodness4 ,idle in his youth was ,kwasind1 ,very listless1 dull1 and dreamy1 ,never played with other children1 ,never fished and never hunted2 ,not like other children was he4 ,lazy ,kwasind6 said his mother1 ,in my work you never help me6 ,in the summer you are roaming ,idly in the fields and forests2 ,in the winter you are cowering ,o'er the firebrands in the wigwam6 ,in the coldest days of winter ,i must break the ice for fishing2 ,with my nets you never help me6 ,at the door--my nets are hanging1 ,dripping1 freezing with the water2 ,go and wring them1 ,yenadizze6 ,go and dry them in the sunshine6 ,slowly1 from the ashes1 ,kwasind ,rose1 but made no angry answer2 ,from the lodge went forth in silence1 ,took the nets1 that hung together1 ,dripping1 freezing at the doorway2 ,like a wisp of straw he wrung them1 ,like a wisp of straw he broke them1 ,could not wring them without breaking1 ,such the strength was in his fingers4 ,lazy ,kwasind6 said his father1 ,in the hunt you never help me2 ,every bow you touch is broken1 ,snapped asunder every arrow2 ,yet come with me to the forest1 ,you shall bring the hunting homeward4 ,down a narrow pass they wandered1 ,where a brooklet led them onward1 ,where the trail of deer and bison ,marked the soft mud on the margin1 ,till they found all further passage ,shut against them1 barred securely ,by the trunks of trees uprooted1 ,lying lengthwise1 lying crosswise1 ,and forbidding further passage4 ,we must go back1 said the old man2 ,o'er these logs we cannot clamber2 ,not a woodchuck could get through them1 ,not a squirrel clamber o'er them6 ,and straightway his pipe he lighted1 ,and sat down to smoke and ponder4 ,but before his pipe was finished1 ,lo6 the path was cleared before him2 ,all the trunks had ,kwasind lifted2 ,to the right hand1 to the left hand1 ,shot the pine-trees swift as arrows2 ,hurled the cedars light as lances4 ,lazy ,kwasind6 said the young men1 ,as they sported in the meadow2 ,why stand idly looking at us1 ,leaning on the rock behind you8 ,come and wrestle with the others2 ,let us pitch the quoit together6 ,lazy ,kwasind made no answer1 ,to their challenge made no answer1 ,only rose1 and1 slowly turning1 ,seized the huge rock in his fingers1 ,tore it from its deep foundation1 ,poised it in the air a moment1 ,pitched it sheer into the river1 ,sheer into the swift ,pauwating1 ,where it still is seen in summer4 ,once as down that foaming river1 ,down the rapids of ,pauwating1 ,kwasind sailed with his companions1 ,in the stream he saw a beaver1 ,saw ,ahmeek1 the ,king of ,beavers1 ,struggling with the rushing currents1 ,rising1 sinking in the water4 ,without speaking1 without pausing1 ,kwasind leaped into the river1 ,plunged beneath the bubbling surface1 ,through the whirlpools chased the beaver1 ,followed him among the islands1 ,stayed so long beneath the water ,that his terrified companions ,cried1 ,alas6 good-by to ,kwasind6 ,we shall never more see ,kwasind6 ,but he reappeared triumphant1 ,and upon his shining shoulders ,brought the beaver1 dead and dripping1 ,brought the ,king of all the ,beavers4 ,and these two1 as ,i have told you1 ,were the friends of ,hiawatha1 ,chibiabos1 the musician1 ,and the very strong man1 ,kwasind2 ,long they lived in peace together1 ,spake with naked hearts together1 ,pondering much and much contriving ,how the tribes of men might prosper4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,what two friends had ,hiawatha ,singled out from all the others8 #b4 ,what were they contriving8 #c4 ,read lines that tell of ,chibiabos4 #d4 ,with what is he compared8 ,read lines that tell4 #e4 ,from what did he make his flutes8 #f4 ,read lines that tell how musical they were4 #g4 ,what did the brook say to ,chibiabos8 ,the bluebird8 ,the robin8 #h4 ,of what did ,chibiabos sing8 #i4 ,why did ,hiawatha love him more than all others8 #aj4 ,for what did ,hiawatha love ,kwasind8 #aa4 ,what did ,kwasind's mother say to him8 ,his father8 #ab4 ,what is meant by the line1 ,every bow you touch is broken8 #ac4 ,read lines that tell of ,kwasind and the beaver4 #ad4 ,which of ,hiawatha's two friends do you like the better8 ,why8 #ae4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 reeds2 frenzy2 listless2 cowering2 clamber2 ponder2 sported4 #af4 ,pronounce3 pliant2 wand2 pathos2 allied2 asunder2 quoit2 triumphant4 ,phrases for ,study singled out1 strength allied to goodness1 bound to him1 bring the hunting homeward1 pliant as a wand1 stirred their souls to passion1 forbidding further passage1 poised it in the air1 melted them to pity1 sheer into the river1 fashioned flutes1 shining shoulders1 flow in music1 spake with naked hearts1 ,islands of the ,blessed1 pondering much1 magic of his singing1 much contriving4 ,,hiawatha',s ,,sailing ,give me of your bark1 ,o ,birch-,tree6 ,of your yellow bark1 ,o ,birch ,tree6 ,growing by the rushing river1 ,tall and stately in the valley6 ,i a light canoe will build me1 ,build a swift ,cheemaun for sailing1 ,that shall float upon the river1 ,like a yellow leaf in autumn1 ,like a yellow water-lily6 ,lay aside your cloak1 ,o ,birch-,tree6 ,lay aside your white-skin wrapper1 ,for the summer-time is coming1 ,and the sun is warm in heaven1 ,and you need no white-skin wrapper6 ,thus aloud cried ,hiawatha4 ,and the tree with all its branches ,rustled in the breeze of morning1 ,saying1 with a sigh of patience1 ,take my cloak1 ,o ,hiawatha6 ,with his knife the tree he girdled1 ,just beneath its lowest branches2 ,just above the roots he cut it1 ,till the sap came oozing outward2 ,down the trunk1 from top to bottom1 ,sheer he cleft the bark asunder2 ,with a wooden wedge he raised it1 ,stripped it from the trunk unbroken4 ,give me of your boughs1 ,o ,cedar6 ,of your strong and pliant branches1 ,my canoe to make more steady1 ,make more strong and firm beneath me6 ,through the summit of the ,cedar ,went a sound1 a cry of horror1 ,went a murmur of resistance2 ,but it whispered1 bending downward1 ,take my boughs1 ,o ,hiawatha6 ,down he hewed the boughs of cedar1 ,shaped them straightway to a framework2 ,like two bows he formed and shaped them1 ,like two bended bows together4 ,give me of your roots1 ,o ,tamarack6 ,of your fibrous roots1 ,o ,larch-,tree6 ,my canoe to bind together1 ,so to bind the ends together ,that the water may not enter1 ,that the river may not wet me6 ,and the ,larch1 with all its fibers1 ,shivered in the air of morning1 ,touched his forehead with its tassels1 ,said1 with one long sigh of sorrow1 ,take them all1 ,o ,hiawatha6 ,from the earth he tore the fibers1 ,tore the tough roots of the ,larch-,tree1 ,closely sewed the bark together1 ,bound it closely to the framework4 ,give me of your balm1 ,o ,fir-,tree6 ,of your balsam and your resin1 ,so to close the seams together ,that the water may not enter1 ,that the river may not wet me6 ,and the ,fir-,tree1 tall and somber1 ,sobbed through all its robes of darkness1 ,rattled like a shore with pebbles1 ,answered wailing1 answered weeping1 ,take my balm1 #j ,hiawatha6 ,and he took the tears of balsam1 ,took the resin of the ,fir-,tree1 ,smeared therewith each seam and fissure1 ,made each crevice safe from water4 ,give me of your quills1 ,o ,hedgehog6 ,all your quills1 ,o ,kagh1 the ,hedgehog6 ,i will make a necklace of them1 ,make a girdle for my beauty1 ,and two stars to deck her bosom6 ,from a hollow tree the hedgehog1 ,with his sleepy eyes looked at him1 ,shot his shining quills1 like arrows ,saying1 with a drowsy murmur1 ,through the tangle of his whiskers1 ,take my quills1 ,o ,hiawatha6 ,from the ground the quills he gathered1 ,all the little shining arrows2 ,stained them red and blue and yellow1 ,with the juice of roots and berries2 ,into his canoe he wrought them1 ,round its waist a shining girdle1 ,round its bows a gleaming necklace1 ,on its breast two stars resplendent4 ,thus the ,birch-,canoe was builded ,in the valley1 by the river1 ,in the bosom of the forest2 ,and the forest's life was in it-- ,all its mystery and its magic1 ,all the lightness of the birch-tree1 ,all the toughness of the cedar1 ,all the larch's supple sinews2 ,and it floated on the river ,like a yellow leaf in autumn1 ,like a yellow water-lily4 ,paddles none had ,hiawatha2 ,paddles none he had or needed1 ,for his thoughts as paddles served him1 ,and his wishes served to guide him2 ,swift or slow at will he glided1 ,veered to right or left at pleasure4 ,then he called aloud to ,kwasind1 ,to his friend1 the strong man1 ,kwasind1 ,saying1 ,help me clear this river ,of its sunken logs and sandbars4 ,straight into the river ,kwasind ,plunged as if he were an otter1 ,dived as if he were a beaver1 ,stood up to his waist in water1 ,to his armpits in the river1 ,swam and shouted in the river1 ,tugged at sunken logs and branches2 ,with his hands he scooped the sandbars1 ,with his feet the ooze and tangle4 ,and thus sailed my ,hiawatha ,down the rushing ,taquamenaw1 ,sailed through all its bends and windings1 ,sailed through all its deeps and shallows1 ,while his friend1 the strong man1 ,kwasind1 ,swam the deeps1 the shallows waded4 ,up and down the river went they1 ,in and out among its islands1 ,cleared its bed of root and sandbar1 ,dragged the dead trees from its channel1 ,made its passage safe and certain1 ,made a pathway for the people1 ,from its springs among the mountains ,to the waters of ,pauwating1 ,to the bay of ,taquamenaw4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,of what did ,hiawatha make his canoe8 #b4 ,why does ,hiawatha call the bark of the birch-tree a cloak8 #c4 ,what other name does he give the bark of the birch-tree8 #d4 ,what word tells the sound made by the leaves of the birch-tree8 #e4 ,what word tells that ,hiawatha cut all around the birch-tree8 #f4 ,why did ,hiawatha ask the cedar tree for its boughs8 #g4 ,read lines that tell why he asked the larch-tree for its roots4 ,s4 ,what other name does he give the larch tree8 #i4 ,why does ,hiawatha call the drops of balsam tears8 #aj4 ,can the hedgehog really shoot his quills like arrows8 #aa4 ,what is meant by my beauty8 #ab4 ,read lines that tell how ,hiawatha decorated his canoe4 #ac4 ,what did he use for paddles for the canoe8 #ad4 ,what did ,kwasind do to aid the canoeing8 #ae4 ,why is the fir-tree spoken of as somber8 #af4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 stately2 larch2 channel4 #ag4 ,pronounce3 horror2 hewed2 tamarack2 fibrous2 forehead2 balm2 balsam2 resin2 fissure2 crevice2 bosom2 resplendent2 supple2 veered2 swam4 ,phrases for ,study white-skin wrapper1 robes of darkness1 oozing outward1 deck her bosom1 cleft the bark asunder1 shot his shining quills1 summit of the ,cedar1 wrought them1 shaped them to a framework1 forest's life was in it1 ooze and tangle1 close the seams together4 ,,hiawatha',s ,,wooing ,as unto the bow the cord is1 ,so unto the man is woman ,though she bends him1 she obeys him1 ,though she draws him1 yet she follows-- ,useless each without the other6 ,thus the youthful ,hiawatha ,said within himself and pondered ,much perplexed by various feelings-- ,listless1 longing1 hoping1 fearing1 ,dreaming still of ,minnehaha1 ,of the lovely ,laughing ,water1 ,in the ,land of the ,dacotahs4 ,wed a maiden of your people1 ,warning said the old ,nokomis2 ,go not eastward1 go not westward1 ,for a stranger1 whom we know not6 ,like a fire upon the hearthstone ,is a neighbor's homely daughter2 ,like the starlight or the moonlight ,is the handsomest of strangers6 ,thus dissuading spake ,nokomis1 ,and my ,hiawatha answered ,only this3 ,dear old ,nokomis1 ,very pleasant is the firelight1 ,but ,i like the starlight better1 ,better do ,i like the moonlight6 ,gravely then said old ,nokomis3 ,bring not here an idle maiden1 ,bring not here a useless woman1 ,hands unskillful1 feet unwilling2 ,bring a wife with nimble fingers1 ,heart and hand that move together1 ,feet that run on willing errands6 ,smiling answered ,hiawatha3 ,in the ,land of the ,dacotahs ,lives the ,arrow-maker's daughter1 ,minnehaha1 ,laughing ,water1 ,handsomest of all the women4 ,i will bring her to your wigwam2 ,she shall run upon your errands1 ,be your starlight1 moonlight1 firelight1 ,be the sunlight of my people6 ,still dissuading1 said ,nokomis3 ,bring not to my lodge a stranger ,from the ,land of the ,dacotahs6 ,very fierce are the ,dacotahs4 ,often is there war between us2 ,there are feuds yet unforgotten1 ,wounds that ache and still may open6 ,laughing answered ,hiawatha3 ,for that reason1 if no other1 ,would ,i wed the fair ,dacotah1 ,that our tribes might be united1 ,that old feuds might be forgotten1 ,and old wounds be healed forever6 ,thus departed ,hiawatha ,to the land of the ,dacotahs1 ,to the land of handsome women1 ,striding over moor and meadow1 ,through interminable forests1 ,through uninterrupted silence4 ,with his moccasins of magic1 ,at each stride a mile he measured2 ,yet the way seemed long before him1 ,and his heart outran his footsteps2 ,and he journeyed without resting1 ,till he heard the cataract's laughter1 ,heard the ,falls of ,minnehaha ,calling to him through the silence4 ,pleasant is the sound6 he murmured1 ,pleasant is the voice that calls me6 ,on the outskirts of the forest1 ',twixt the shadow and the sunshine1 ,herds of fallow deer were feeding1 ,but they saw not ,hiawatha2 ,to his bow he whispered1 ,fail not6 ,to his arrow whispered1 ,swerve not6 ,sent it singing on its errand1 ,to the red heart of the roebuck2 ,threw the deer across his shoulder ,and sped forward without pausing4 ,at the doorway of his wigwam ,sat the ancient ,arrow-maker1 ,in the land of the ,dacotahs1 ,making arrow-heads of jasper1 ,arrow-heads of chalcedony4 ,at his side1 in all her beauty1 ,sat the lovely ,minnehaha1 ,sat his daughter1 ,laughing ,water1 ,plaiting mats of flags and rushes2 ,of the past the old man's thoughts were1 ,and the maiden's of the future4 ,he was thinking1 as he sat there1 ,of the days when with such arrows ,he had struck the deer and bison1 ,on the ,muskoday1 the meadow2 ,shot the wild goose1 flying southward1 ,on the wing1 the clamorous ,wawa2 ,thinking of the great war-parties1 ,how they came to buy his arrows1 ,could not fight without his arrows4 ,she was thinking of a hunter1 ,from another tribe and country1 ,young and tall and very handsome1 ,who one morning1 in the springtime1 ,came to buy her father's arrows1 ,sat and rested in the wigwam1 ,lingered long about the doorway1 ,looking back as he departed4 ,she had heard her father praise him1 ,praise his courage and his wisdom2 ,would he come again for arrows ,to the ,falls of ,minnehaha8 ,on the mat her hands lay idle1 ,and her eyes were very dreamy4 ,through their thoughts they heard a footstep1 ,heard a rustling in the branches1 ,and with glowing cheek and forehead1 ,with the deer upon his shoulders1 ,suddenly from out the woodlands ,hiawatha stood before them4 ,straight the ancient ,arrow-maker ,looked up gravely from his labor1 ,laid aside the unfinished arrow1 ,bade him enter at the doorway1 ,saying1 as he rose to meet him1 ,hiawatha1 you are welcome6 ,at the feet of ,laughing ,water ,hiawatha laid his burden1 ,threw the red deer from his shoulders2 ,and the maiden looked up at him1 ,looked up from her mat of rushes1 ,said with gentle look and accent1 ,you are welcome1 ,hiawatha6 ,very spacious was the wigwam1 ,made of deerskin dressed and whitened1 ,with the gods of the ,dacotahs ,drawn and painted on its curtains2 ,and so tall the doorway1 hardly ,hiawatha stooped to enter1 ,hardly touched his eagle-feathers ,as he entered at the doorway4 ,then up rose the ,laughing ,water2 ,from the ground fair ,minnehaha ,laid aside her mat unfinished1 ,brought forth food and set before them1 ,water brought them from the brooklet1 ,gave them food in earthen vessels1 ,gave them drink in bowls of basswood1 ,listened while the guest was speaking1 ,listened while her father answered4 ,but not once her lips she opened1 ,not a single word she uttered4 ,yes1 as in a dream she listened ,to the words of ,hiawatha1 ,as he talked of old ,nokomis1 ,who had nursed him in his childhood1 ,as he told of his companions1 ,chibiabos1 the musician1 ,and the very strong man1 ,kwasind1 ,and of happiness and plenty ,in the land of the ,ojibways1 ,in the pleasant land and peaceful4 ,after many years of warfare1 ,many years of strife and bloodshed1 ,there is peace between the ,ojibways ,and the tribe of the ,dacotahs4 ,thus continued ,hiawatha1 ,and then added1 speaking slowly1 ,that this peace may last forever1 ,and our hands be clasped more closely1 ,and our hearts be more united1 ,give me as my wife this maiden1 ,minnehaha1 ,laughing ,water1 ,loveliest of ,dacotah women6 ,and the ancient ,arrow-maker ,paused a moment ere he answered1 ,smoked a little while in silence1 ,looked at ,hiawatha proudly1 ,fondly looked at ,laughing ,water1 ,and made answer very gravely3 ,yes1 if ,minnehaha wishes2 ,let your heart speak1 ,minnehaha6 ,and the lovely ,laughing ,water ,seemed more lovely1 as she stood there1 ,neither willing nor reluctant1 ,as she went to ,hiawatha1 ,softly took the seat beside him1 ,while she said1 and blushed to say it1 ,i will follow you1 my husband6 ,this was ,hiawatha's wooing6 ,thus it was he won the daughter ,of the ancient ,arrow-maker1 ,in the land of the ,dacotahs6 ,from the wigwam he departed1 ,leading with him ,laughing ,water2 ,hand in hand they went together1 ,through the woodland and the meadow1 ,left the old man standing lonely ,at the doorway of his wigwam1 ,heard the ,falls of ,minnehaha ,calling to them from the distance1 ,crying to them from afar off1 ,fare thee well1 ,o ,minnehaha6 ,and the ancient ,arrow-maker ,turned again unto his labor1 ,sat down by his sunny doorway1 ,murmuring to himself1 and saying3 ,thus it is our daughters leave us1 ,those we love1 and those who love us6 ,just when they have learned to help us1 ,when we are old and lean upon them1 ,comes a youth with flaunting feathers1 ,with his flute of reeds1 a stranger1 ,wanders piping through the village1 ,beckons to the fairest maiden1 ,and she follows where he leads her1 ,leaving all things for the stranger6 ,pleasant was the journey homeward1 ,through interminable forests1 ,over meadow1 over mountain1 ,over river1 hill1 and hollow4 ,short it seemed to ,hiawatha1 ,though they journeyed very slowly1 ,though his pace he checked and slackened ,to the steps of ,laughing ,water4 ,over wide and rushing rivers ,in his arms he bore the maiden2 ,light he thought her as a feather1 ,as the plume upon his head-gear2 ,cleared the tangled pathway for her1 ,bent aside the swaying branches1 ,made at night a lodge of branches1 ,and a bed with boughs of hemlock1 ,and a fire before the doorway ,with the dry cones of the pine-tree4 ,all the traveling winds went with them1 ,o'er the meadow1 through the forest2 ,all the stars of night looked at them1 ,watched with sleepless eyes their slumber2 ,from his ambush in the oak-tree ,peeped the squirrel1 ,adjidaumo1 ,watched with eager eyes the lovers2 ,and the rabbit1 the ,wabasso1 ,scampered from the path before them1 ,peering1 peeping from his burrow1 ,sat erect upon his haunches1 ,watched with curious eyes the lovers4 ,pleasant was the journey homeward6 ,all the birds sang loud and sweetly ,songs of happiness and heart's-ease2 ,sang the bluebird1 the ,owaissa1 ,happy are you1 ,hiawatha1 ,having such a wife to love you6 ,sang the robin1 the ,opechee1 ,happy are you2 ,laughing ,water1 ,having such a noble husband6 ,from the sky the sun benignant ,looked upon them through the branches1 ,saying to them1 ,o my children1 ,love is sunshine1 hate is shadow2 ,life is checkered shade and sunshine2 ,rule by love1 ,o ,hiawatha6 ,from the sky the moon looked at them1 ,filled the lodge with mystic splendors1 ,whispered to them1 ,o my children1 ,day is restless1 night is quiet1 ,man imperious1 woman feeble2 ,half is mine1 although ,i follow2 ,rule by patience1 ,laughing ,water6 ,thus it was they journeyed homeward2 ,thus it was that ,hiawatha ,to the lodge of old ,nokomis ,brought the moonlight1 starlight1 firelight1 ,brought the sunshine of his people1 ,minnehaha1 ,laughing ,water1 ,handsomest of all the women ,in the land of the ,dacotahs1 ,in the land of handsome women4 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,why did ,nokomis wish ,hiawatha to wed a maiden of his own people8 #b4 ,whom did ,hiawatha say he would wed8 #c4 ,find the ,falls of ,minnehaha on your map4 #d4 ,read lines that tell of ,hiawatha's journey ,to the land of the ,dacotahs4 #e4 ,of what was the ,arrow-maker thinking when ,hiawatha appeared8 #f4 ,read lines that tell of what the maiden was thinking4 #g4 ,read the words of ,hiawatha when he asked the father for his daughter4 #h4 ,in what words did the ,arrow-maker give his consent8 #i4 ,what was ,minnehaha's answer8 #aj4 ,read lines that tell of the journey homeward4 #aa4 ,why did ,hiawatha check his pace on this journey8 #ab4 ,what greeting did the bluebird give them8 #ac4 ,what was the greeting of the robin8 ,the sun8 ,the moon8 #ad4 ,read the lines that you like best4 #ae4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 cord2 nimble2 moor2 fallow2 swerve2 jasper2 flags2 rushes2 basswood2 flaunting4 #af4 ,pronounce3 dissuading2 feuds2 wounds2 chalcedony2 plaiting2 bade2 spacious2 benignant2 mystic2 imperious4 ,phrases for ,study feet unwilling1 neither willing nor reluctant1 yet unforgotten1 interminable forests1 wanders piping through the village1 moccasins of magic1 heart outran his footsteps1 heart's-ease1 cataract's laughter1 sun benignant1 deerskin dressed and whitened1 hate is shadow1 mystic splendors4 ,,the ,,white-,,man',s ,,foot ,from his wanderings far to eastward1 ,from the regions of the morning1 ,from the shining land of ,wabun1 ,homeward now returned ,iagoo1 ,the great traveler1 the great boaster1 ,full of new and strange adventures1 ,marvels many and many wonders4 ,and the people of the village ,listened to him as he told them ,of his marvelous adventures2 ,laughing answered him in this wise3 ,ugh1 it is indeed ,iagoo6 ,no one else beholds such wonders6 ,he had seen1 he said1 a water ,bigger than the ,big-,sea-,water1 ,broader than the ,gitche ,gumee1 ,bitter so that none could drink it6 ,at each other looked the warriors1 ,looked the women at each other1 ,smiled1 and said1 it cannot be so6 ,kaw6 they said1 it cannot be so6 ,o'er it1 said he1 o'er this water ,came a great canoe with pinions1 ,a canoe with wings came flying1 ,bigger than a grove of pine-trees1 ,taller than the tallest tree-tops6 ,and the old men and the women ,looked and tittered at each other2 ,kaw6 they said1 we don't believe it6 ,from its mouth1 he said1 to greet him1 ,came ,waywassimo1 the lightning1 ,came the thunder1 ,annemeekee6 ,and the warriors and the women ,laughed aloud at poor ,iagoo2 ,kaw6 they said1 what tales you tell us6 ,in it1 said he1 came a people1 ,in the great canoe with pinions ,came1 he said1 a hundred warriors2 ,painted white were all their faces1 ,and with hair their chins were covered6 ,and the warriors and the women ,laughed and shouted in derision1 ,like the ravens on the tree-tops1 ,like the crows upon the hemlocks4 ,kaw6 they said1 what lies you tell us4 ,do not think that we believe them6 ,only ,hiawatha laughed not1 ,but he gravely spake and answered ,to their jeering and their jesting3 ,true is all ,iagoo tells us2 ,i have seen it in a vision1 ,seen the great canoe with pinions1 ,seen the people with white faces1 ,seen the coming of this bearded ,people of the wooden vessel ,from the regions of the morning1 ,from the shining land of ,wabun4 ,gitche ,manito1 the ,mighty1 ,the ,great ,spirit1 the ,creator1 ,sends them hither on his errand1 ,sends them to us with his message4 ,wheresoe'er they tread1 beneath them ,swarms the stinging fly1 the ,ahmo1 ,swarms the bee1 the honey-maker24 ,wheresoe'er they tread1 beneath them ,springs a flower unknown among us1 ,springs the ,white-man's foot in blossom4 ,let us welcome1 then1 the strangers1 ,hail them as our friends and brothers1 ,and the heart's right hand of friendship ,give them when they come to see us4 ,gitche ,manito1 the ,mighty1 ,said this to me in my vision4 ,i beheld1 too1 in that vision1 ,all the secrets of the future1 ,of the distant days that shall be4 ,i beheld the westward marches ,of the unknown1 crowded nations4 ,all the land was full of people1 ,restless1 struggling1 toiling1 striving1 ,speaking many tongues1 yet feeling ,but one heart-beat in their bosoms4 ,in the woodlands rang their axes1 ,smoked their towns in all the valleys1 ,over all the lakes and rivers ,rushed their great canoes of thunder4 ,then a darker1 drearier vision ,passed before me1 vague and cloud-like4 ,i beheld our nations scattered1 ,all forgetful of my counsels1 ,weakened1 warring with each other2 ,saw the remnants of our people ,sweeping westward1 wild and woeful1 ,like the cloud-rack of a tempest1 ,like the withered leaves of autumn6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,read lines that tell ,iagoo's story of adventures4 #b4 ,where do you think he had seen these things8 #c4 ,what was the bitter water ,iagoo told about8 #d4 ,what were the lightning and the thunder that came from the canoe with pinions8 #e4 ,why was his story laughed at as false by the ,indians8 #f4 ,how did ,hiawatha know it was all true8 #g4 ,how did ,hiawatha say they should receive the ,white ,man when he came8 #h4 ,what secrets came to ,hiawatha in the vision8 #i4 ,what darker vision did he see8 #aj4 ,has ,hiawatha's vision come true8 #aa4 ,what do you think of ,hiawatha's character8 #ab4 ,which of all the stories in this poem do you like best8 #ac4 ,give the reason for your answer4 #ad4 ,you no doubt enjoyed reading this poem2 can you tell why8 #ae4 ,read ,a ,forward ,look1 and tell why you think ,longfellow was a real author4 #af4 ,you will enjoy reading ,eastman's ,indian ,legends ,retold4 #ag4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 tittered2 hither2 counsels4 #ah4 ,pronounce3 pinions2 derision2 vision2 regions2 vague2 warring4 ,phrases for ,study regions of the morning1 distant days that shall be1 shining land of ,wabun1 unknown1 crowded nations1 canoe with pinions1 feeling but one heart-beat1 painted white1 sweeping westward1 heart's right hand of friendship1 cloud-rack of a tempest4 ,,nathaniel ,,hawthorne ,nathaniel ,hawthorne 7#ahjd-ahfd71 a native of ,salem1 ,massachusetts1 had the distinction of being born on the ,fourth of ,july4 ,he was graduated from ,bowdoin ,college in the class with ,henry ,wadsworth ,longfellow4 ,when a mere boy1 ,nathaniel was crippled by an accident in playing ball4 ,this led him to a life of quiet and to the companionship of books4 ,his vivid imagination made him fond of inventing stories for the entertainment of his friends4 ,when he began to think of a career it was quite natural that he should turn to literature1 and that in looking about him for material he should-choose his subjects-as ,irving did-from those stirring scenes of which he had an intimate1 almost personal1 knowledge many of them of his native town1 ,salem4 ,hawthorne pictured ,new ,england as ,irving did ,new ,amsterdam4 ,he popularized ,new ,england history in the form of stories for children1 one of which1 ,grandfather's ,chair1 contains ,the ,boston ,tea ,party4 ,he wrote a book1 ,the ,house of the ,seven ,gables1 about the house in which he lived for many years4 ,soon after he wrote this tale1 he wrote ,the ,wonder-,book1 a volume of stories about ,greek gods and heroes1 from which ,the ,paradise of ,children and ,the ,golden ,touch are taken4 ,perhaps the best known of all ,hawthorne's works is the volume called ,twice-,told ,tales4 ,in this book he collected a large number of legends about colonial life in ,new ,england and retold them in such a way as to give us one of the best pictures of early ,american life that we have4 ,some of them deal with actual events2 others are based on legendary matter4 ,but all of them do for early ,new ,england life what ,longfellow's ,hiawatha does for the ,indian legends3 they preserve the stories and also the spirit of early times4 ,like ,longfellow1 ,hawthorne was a lover of romance and of the early history of our country4 ,he w wrote in prose1 not verse1 but is prose is as careful and artistic as ,longfellow's verse4 ,,the ,,paradise ,,of ,,children ,,pandora ,,and ,,the ,,great ,,box ,long1 long ago1 when this old world was in its tender infancy1 there was a child named ,epimetheus who never had either father or mother2 and that he might not be lonely1 another child1 fatherless and motherless like himself1 was sent from a far country to live with him and be his playfellow and helpmate4 ,her name was ,pandora4 ,the first thing that ,pandora saw when she entered the cottage where ,epimetheus dwelt was a great box4 ,and almost the first question which she put to him1 after crossing the threshold1 was this3 ,epimetheus1 what have you in that box8 ,my dear little ,pandora1 answered ,epimetheus1 that is a secret1 and you must be kind enough not to ask any questions about it4 ,the box was left here to be kept safely1 and ,i do not myself know what it contains4 ,but who gave it to you8 asked ,pandora4 ,and where did it come from8 ,that is a secret1 too1 replied ,epimetheus4 ,how provoking6 exclaimed ,pandora1 pouting her lip4 ,i wish the great ugly box were out of the way6 ,o come1 don't think of it any more1 cried ,epimetheus4 ,let us run out of doors1 and have some nice play with the other children4 ,it is thousands of years since ,epimetheus and ,pandora were alive2 and the world nowadays is a very different sort of thing from what it was in their time4 ,then1 everybody was a child4 ,they needed no fathers and mothers to take care of the children2 because there was no danger or trouble of any kind1 and there were no clothes to be mended1 and there was always plenty to eat and drink4 ,whenever a child wanted his dinner1 he found it growing on a tree2 and if he looked at the tree in the morning1 he could see the blossom of that night's supper2 or at eventide he saw the tender bud of tomorrow's breakfast4 ,it was a very pleasant life indeed4 ,no labor to be done1 no tasks to s be studied2 nothing but sports and dances and sweet voices of children talking1 or caroling like birds1 or gushing out in merry laughter1 throughout the livelong day4 ,what was most wonderful of all1 the children never quarreled among themselves2 neither had they any crying fits2 nor since time first began had a single one of these little mortals ever gone apart into a corner and sulked4 ,o what a good time was that to be alive in6 ,the truth is1 those ugly little winged monsters called ,troubles1 which are now almost as numerous as mosquitoes1 had never yet been seen on the earth4 ,it is probable that the very greatest disquietude which a child had ever felt was ,pandora's vexation at not being able to discover the secret of the mysterious box4 ,this was at first only the faint shadow of a ,trouble2 but every day it grew more and-more real1 until before a great while the cottage of ,epimetheus and ,pandora was less sunshiny than those of the other children4 ,whence can the box have come8 ,pandora continually kept saying to herself and to ,epimetheus4 ,and can be inside of it8 ,always talking about this box6 said ,epimetheus at last2 for he had grown extremely tired of the subject4 ,i wish1 dear ,pandora1 you would try to talk of something else4 ,come1 let us go and gather some ripe figs1 and eat them under the trees for our supper4 ,and ,i know a vine that has the sweetest and juiciest grapes you ever tasted4 ,always talking about grapes and figs6 cried ,pandora1 pettishly4 ,well1 then1 said ,epimetheus1 who was a very good-tempered child1 like many children in those days1 let us run out and have a merry time with our playmates4 ,i am tired of merry times1 and don't care if ,i never have any more6 answered our pettish little ,pandora4 ,and1 besides1 ,i never do have any4 ,this ugly box6 ,i am so taken up with thinking about it all the time4 ,i insist upon your telling me what is inside of it4 ,as ,i have already said fifty times over1 ,i do not know6 replied ,epimetheus1 getting a little vexed4 ,how1 then1 can ,i tell you what is inside8 ,you might open it1 said ,pandora1 looking sideways at ,epimetheus1 and then we could see for ourselves6 ,pandora1 what are you thinking of8 exclaimed ,epimetheus4 ,and his face expressed so much horror at the idea of looking into a box which had been given to him on the condition of his never opening it1 that ,pandora thought it best not to suggest it any more4 ,still1 however1 she could not help thinking and talking about the box4 ,at least1 said she1 you can tell me how it came here4 ,it was left at the door1 replied ,epimetheus1 just before you came1 by a person who looked very smiling and intelligent1 and who could hardly forbear laughing as he put it down4 ,he was dressed in an odd kind of cloak1 and had on a cap that seemed to be made partly of feathers1 so that it looked almost as if it had wings4 ,what sort of staff had he8 asked ,pandora4 ,oh1 the most curious staff you ever saw6 cried ,epimetheus4 ,it was like two serpents twisting around a stick1 and was carved so naturally that ,i at first thought the serpents were alive4 ,i know him1 said ,pandora thoughtfully4 ,nobody else has such a staff4 ,it was ,quicksilver2 and he brought me hither1 as well as the box4 ,no doubt he intended it for me2 and most probably it contains pretty dresses for me to wear1 or toys for you and me to play with1 or something very #e nice for us both to eat6 ,perhaps so1 answered ,epimetheus1 turning away4 ,but1 until ,quicksilver comes back and tells us so1 we have neither of us any right to lift the lid of the box4 ,what a dull boy he is6 muttered ,pandora1 as ,epimetheus left the cottage4 ,i do wish he had a little more enterprise6 ,,the ,,knot ,,of ,,golden ,,cord ,for the first time since her arrival ,epimetheus had gone out without asking ,pandora to accompany him4 ,he went to gather figs and grapes for himself1 or to seek whatever amusement he could find in other society than his little playfellow's4 ,he was tired to death of hearing about the box1 and heartily wished that ,quicksilver1 or whatever was the messenger's name1 had left it at some other child's door where ,pandora would never have set eyes on it4 ,so perseveringly as she did babble about this one thing6 ,the box1 the box1 and nothing but the box6 ,it seemed as if the box were bewitched1 and as if the cottage were not big enough to hold it without ,pandora's continually stumbling over it and making ,epimetheus stumble over it likewise1 and bruising all four of their shins4 ,well1 it was really hard that poor ,epimetheus should have a box in his ears from morning till night2 especially as the little people of the earth were so unaccustomed to vexations in those happy days that they knew not how to deal with them4 ,thus a small vexation made as much disturbance then as a far bigger one would in our own times4 ,after ,epimetheus was gone1 ,pandora stood gazing at the box4 ,she had called it ugly above a hundred times2 but in spite of all that she had said against it1 it was positively a very handsome article of furniture1 and would have been quite an ornament to any room in which it should be placed4 ,it was made of a beautiful kind of wood with dark and rich veins spreading over its surface1 which was so highly polished that little ,pandora could see her face in it4 ,as the child had no other looking-glass1 it is odd that she did not value the box merely on this account4 ,the edges and corners of the box were carved with most wonderful skill4 ,around the margin there were figures of graceful men and women1 and the prettiest children ever seen1 reclining or sporting amid a profusion of flowers and foliage2 and these various objects were so finely represented1 and were wrought together in such harmony1 that flowers1 foliage1 and human beings seemed to combine into a wreath of mingled beauty4 ,but here and there1 peeping forth from behind the carved foliage1 ,pandora once or twice fancied she saw a face not so lovely1 or something or other that was disagreeable1 and which stole the beauty out of all1 the rest4 ,nevertheless1 on looking more closely and touching the spot with her finger1 she could discover nothing of the kind4 ,some face that was really beautiful had been made to look ugly by her catching a sideways glimpse at it4 ,the most beautiful face of all was done in what is called high relief1 in the center of the lid4 ,there was nothing else save the dark1 smooth richness of the polished wood1 and this one face in the center1 with a garland of flowers about its brow4 ,pandora had looked at this face a great many times1 and imagined that the mouth could smile if it liked1 or be grave when it chose1 the same as any living mouth4 ,the features1 indeed1 all wore a very lively and rather mischievous expression1 which looked almost as if it needs must burst out of the carved lips and utter itself in words4 ,had the mouth spoken1 it would probably have been something like this3 ,do not be afraid1 ,pandora6 ,what harm can there be in opening the box8 ,never mind that poor1 simple ,epimetheus6 ,you are wiser than he1 and have ten times as much spirit4 ,open the box1 and see if you do not find something very pretty6 ,the box1 ,i had almost forgotten to say1 was fastened1 not by a lock or by any other such contrivance1 but by a very fine knot of gold cord4 ,there appeared to be no end to this knot1 and no beginning4 ,never was a knot so cunningly twisted1 nor with so many ins and outs1 which roguishly defied the skillfulest fingers to disentangle them4 ,and yet1 by the very difficulty that there was in it1 ,pandora was the more tempted to examine the knot1 and just see how it was made4 ,two or three times already she had stooped over the box1 and taken the knot between her thumb and forefinger1 but without positively trying to undo it4 ,i really believe1 said she to herself1 that ,i begin to see how it was done4 ,nay1 perhaps ,i could tie it up again after undoing it4 ,there could be no harm in that1 surely4 ,even ,epimetheus would not blame me for that4 ,i need not open the box1 and should not1 of course1 without the foolish boy's consent1 even if the knot were untied4 ,it might have been better for ,pandora if she had had a little work to do1 or anything to employ her mind upon1 so as not to be so constantly thinking of this one subject4 ,but children led so easy a life before any ,troubles came into the world that they find really a great deal too much leisure4 ,they could not be forever playing at hide-and-seek among the flower-shrubs1 or at blind-man's buff with garlands over their eyes1 or at whatever other games has been found out while ,mother ,earth was in her babyhood4 ,when life is all sport1 toil is the real play4 ,there was absolutely nothing to do4 ,a little sweeping and dusting about the cottage1 ,i suppose1 and the gathering of fresh flowers 7which were only too abundant everywhere71 and arranging them in vases--and poor little ,pandora's day's work was over4 ,and then1 for the rest of the day1 there was the box6 ,after all1 ,i am not quite sure that the box was not a blessing to her in its way4 ,it supplied her with so many ideas to think of1 and to talk about1 whenever she had anybody to listen6 ,when she was in good humor1 she could admire the bright polish of its sides and the rich border of beautiful faces and foliage that ran all around it4 ,or1 if she chanced to be ill-tempered1 she could give it a push1 or kick it with her naughty little foot4 ,and many a kick did the box 7but it was a mischievous box1 as we shall see1 and deserved all it got7 many a kick did it receive4 ,but certain it is1 if it had not been for the box1 our active-minded little ,pandora would not have known half so well how to spend her time as she now did4 ,,guessing ,,what ,,was ,,in ,,the ,,box ,for it was really an endless employment to guess what was inside4 ,what could it be1 indeed8 ,just imagine1 my little hearers1 how busy your wits would be if there were a great box in the house1 which1 as you might have reason to suppose1 contained something new and pretty for your ,christmas or ,new ,year's gifts4 ,do you think that you should be less curious than ,pandora8 ,if you were left alone with the box1 might you not feel a little tempted to lift the lid8 ,but you would not do it4 ,oh1 fie6 ,no1 no6 ,only1 if you thought there were toys in it1 it would be so very hard to let slip an opportunity of taking just one peep6 ,i know not whether ,pandora expected any toys2 for none had yet begun to be made1 probably1 in those days1 when the world itself was one great plaything for the children that dwelt upon it4 ,but ,pandora was convinced that there was something very beautiful and valuable in the box2 and therefore she felt just as anxious to take a peep as any of these little girls here around me would have felt4 ,and1 possibly1 a little more so2 but of that ,i am not quite so certain4 ,on this particular day1 however1 which we have so long been talking about1 her curiosity grew so much greater than it usually was that at last she approached the box4 ,she was more than half determined to open1 it1 if she could4 ,ah1 naughty ,pandora6 ,first1 however1 she tried to lift it4 ,it was heavy2 much too heavy for the slender strength of a child like ,pandora4 ,she raised one end of the box a few inches from the floor1 and let it fall again with a pretty loud thump4 ,a moment afterwards she almost fancied that she heard something stir inside the box4 ,she applied her ear as closely as possible and listened4 ,positively1 there did seem to be a kind of stifled murmur within4 ,or was it merely the singing in ,pandora's ear's4 ,or could it be the beating of her heart8 ,the child could not quite satisfy herself whether she had heard anything or no4 ,but1 at all events1 her curiosity was stronger than ever1 ,as she drew back her head1 her eyes fell upon the knot of gold cord4 ,it must have been a very ingenious person who tied this knot1 said ,pandora to herself4 ,but ,i think #a could untie it1 nevertheless4 ,i am resolved1 at least1 to find the two ends of the cord4 ,so she took the golden knot in her fingers and pried into it as sharply as she could4 ,almost without intending it1 or quite knowing what she was about1 she was soon busily engaged in attempting to undo it4 ,meanwhile1 the bright sunshine came through the open window2 as did likewise the merry voices of the children1 playing at a distance1 and perhaps the voice of ,epimetheus among them4 ,pandora stopped to listen4 ,what a beautiful day it was6 ,would it not be wise if she were to let the trouble some knot alone and think no more about the box1 but run and join her little playfellows and be happy8 ,all this time1 however1 her fingers were busy with the knot2 and happening to glance at the face on the lid of the enchanted box1 she seemed to see it slyly grinning at her4 ,that face looks very mischievous1 thought ,pandora4 ,i wonder whether it smiles because ,i am doing wrong6 ,i have the greatest mind in the world to run away6 ,but just then1 by the merest accident1 she gave the knot a kind of twist1 which produced a wonderful result4 ,the gold cord united itself1 as if by magic1 arid left the box without a fastening4 ,this is the strangest thing ,i ever knew6 said ,pandora4 ,what will ,epimetheus say8 ,and how can ,i possibly tie it up again8 ,she made one or two attempts to restore the knot1 but soon found it quite beyond her skill4 ,it had untied itself so suddenly that she could not in the least remember how the strings had been doubled onto one another2 and when she tried to recollect the shape and appearance of the knot1 it seemed to have gone entirely out of her mind4 ,nothing was to be done therefore1 but to let the box remain as it was until ,epimetheus should come in4 ,but1 said ,pandora1 when he finds the knot untied1 he will know that ,i have done it4 ,how shall ,i make him believe that ,i have not looked into the box8 ,and then the thought came into her naughty little heart1 that1 since she would be suspected of having looked into the box1 she might just as well do so at once4 ,o very naughty and very foolish ,pandora6 ,you should have thought only of doing what was right and of leaving undone what was wrong1 and not of what your playfellow ,epimetheus would have said or believed4 ,and so perhaps she might if the enchanted face on the lid of the box had not looked so bewitchingly persuasive at her1 and if she had not seemed to hear1 more distinctly than before1 the murmur of small voices within4 ,she could not tell whether it was fancy or no2 but there was quite a little tumult of whispers in her ear--or else it was her curiosity that whispered3 ,let us out1 dear ,pandora--pray let us out6 ,we will be such nice1 pretty playfellows for you6 ,only let us out6 ,what can it be8 thought ,pandora1 ,is there something alive in the box8 ,well6--yes6--,i am resolved to take just one peep6 ,only one peep2 and then lid shall be shut down as safely as ever4 ,there cannot possibly be any harm in just one little peep6 ,,how ,,troubles ,,came ,,into ,,the ,,world ,but it is now time for us to see what ,epimetheus was doing4 ,this was the first time since his little ,playmate had come to dwell with him that he had attempted to enjoy any pleasure in which she did not partake4 ,but nothing went right2 nor was he nearly so happy as on other days4 ,he could not find a sweat grape or a ripe fig 7if ,epimetheus had a fault1 it was a little too much fondness for figs72 or1 if ripe at all1 they were overripe1 and so sweet as to be distasteful4 ,there was no mirth in his heart1 such as usually made his voice gush out1 of ,its own accord1 and swell the merriment of his companions4 ,in short1 he grew so uneasy and discontented that other children could not imagine what was the matter with ,epimetheus4 ,neither did he himself know what ailed him1 any better then they did4 ,for you must recollect that1 at the time we are speaking of1 it was everybody's nature and common habit to be happy4 ,the world had not yet learned to be otherwise4 ,not a single soul or body1 since these children were first sent to enjoy it themselves on the beautiful earth1 had ever been sick or out-of-sorts4 ,at length1 discovering that1 somehow or other1 he put a stop to all the play1 ,epimetheus judged it best to go back to ,pandora1 who was in a humor better suited to his own4 ,but1 with a hope of giving her pleasure1 he gathered flowers and made them into a wreath1 which he meant to put upon her head4 ,the flowers were very lovely--roses and lilies and orange-blossoms1 and a great many more1 which left a trail of fragrance behind1 as ,epimetheus carried them along1 and wreath was put together with as much skill as could be expected of a boy4 ,the fingers of little girls1 it has always appeared to me1 are the fittest to twine flower-wreaths2 but boys could de it in those days rather better than they can now4 ,and here ,i must mention that a great black cloud had been gathering in the sky for some time past1 although it had not yet overspread the sun4 ,but1 just as ,epimetheus reached the cottage-door1 this cloud began to cut off the sunshine1 and thus to make a sudden and sad darkness4 ,he entered softly2 for he meant1 if possible1 to steal behind ,pandora and fling a wreath of flowers over her head before she should be aware of his approach4 ,but1 as it happened1 there was no need of his treading so very lightly4 ,he might have trod as heavily as he pleased1 as heavily as a grown man--as heavily1 ,i was going to say1 as an elephant--without much probability of ,pandora's hearing his footsteps4 ,she was too intent upon her purpose4 ,at the moment of this entering the cottage the naughty box1 ,i had almost forgotten to say1 was fastened1 not by a lock or by any other such contrivance1 but by a very fine knot of gold cord4 ,there appeared to be no end to this knot1 and no beginning4 ,never was a knot so cunningly twisted1 nor with so many ins and outs1 which roguishly defied the skillfulest fingers to disentangle them4 ,and yet1 by the very difficulty that there was in it1 ,pandora was the more tempted to examine the knot1 and just see how it was made4 ,two or three times already she had stooped over the box1 and taken the knot between her thumb and forefinger1 but without positively trying to undo it4 ,i really believe1 said she to herself1 that ,i begin to see how it was done4 ,nay1 perhaps ,i could tie it up again after undoing it4 ,there could be no harm in that1 surely4 ,even ,epimetheus would not blame me for that4 ,i need not open the box1 and should not1 of course1 without the foolish boy's consent1 even if the knot were untied4 ,it might have been better for ,pandora if she had had a little work to do1 or anything to employ her mind upon1 so as not to be so constantly thinking of this one subject4 ,but children led so easy a life before any ,troubles came into the world that they find really a great deal too much leisure4 ,they could not be forever playing at hide-and-seek among the flower-shrubs1 or at blind-man's buff with garlands over their eyes1 or at whatever other games has been found out while ,mother ,earth was in her babyhood4 ,when life is all sport1 toil is the real play4 ,there was absolutely nothing to do4 ,a little sweeping and dusting about the cottage1 ,i suppose1 and the gathering of fresh flowers 7which were only too abundant everywhere71 and arranging them in vases--and poor little ,pandora's day's work was over4 ,and then1 for the rest of the day1 there was the box6 ,after all4 ,i am not quite sure that the box was not a blessing to her in its way4 ,it supplied her with so many ideas to think of1 and to talk about1 whenever she had anybody to listen6 ,when she was in good humor1 she could admire the bright polish of its sides and the rich border of beautiful faces and foliage that ran all around it4 ,or1 if she chanced to be ill-tempered1 she could give it a push1 or kick it with her naughty little foot4 ,and many a kick did the box 7but it was a mischievous box1 as we shall see1 and deserved all it got7 many a kick did it receive4 ,but certain it is1 if it had not been for the box1 our active-minded little ,pandora would not have known half so well how to spend her time as she now did4 ,,guessing ,,what ,,was ,,in ,,the ,,box ,for it was really an endless employment to guess what was inside4 ,what could it be1 indeed8 ,just imagine1 my little hearers1 how busy your wits would be if there were a great box in the house1 which1 as you might have reason to suppose1 contained something new and pretty for your ,christmas or ,new ,year's gifts4 ,do you think that you should be less curious than ,pandora8 ,if you were left alone with the box1 might you not feel a little tempted to lift the lid8 ,but you would not do it4 ,oh1 fie6 ,no1 no6 ,only1 if you thought there were toys in it1 it would be so very hard to let slip an opportunity of taking just one peep6 ,i know not whether ,pandora expected any toys2 for none had yet begun to be made1 probably1 in those days1 when the world itself was one great plaything for the children that dwelt upon it4 ,but ,pandora was convinced that there was something very beautiful and valuable in the box2 and therefore she felt just as anxious to take a peep as any of these little girls here around me would have felt4 ,for it was impossible1 as you will easily guess1 that the two children should keep the ugly swarm in their own little cottage4 ,on the contrary1 the first thing that they did was to fling open the doors and windows in hope of getting rid of them2 and1 sure enough1 away flew the winged ,troubles all abroad1 and so pestered and tormented the small people1 everywhere about1 that none of them so much as smiled for many days afterwards4 ,and1 what was very singular1 all the flowers and dewy blossoms on earth1 not one of which had hitherto faded1 now began to droop and shed their leaves1 after a day or two4 ,the children1 moreover1 who before seemed immortal in their childhood1 now grew older1 day by day1 and came soon to be youths and maidens1 and men and women by-and-by1 and aged people1 before they dreamed of such a thing4 ,,what ,,hope ,,does ,,for ,,us ,meanwhile1 the naughty ,pandora and hardly less naughty ,epimetheus remained in their cottage4 ,both of them had been grievously stung1 and were in a good deal of pain1 which1 seemed the more adorable intolerable to them1 because it was the very first pain that had ever been felt since the world began4 ,of course they were entirely unaccustomed to it1 and could have no idea what it meant4 ,besides all this1 they were in exceedingly bad humor1 both with themselves and with one another4 ,in order to indulge it to the utmost1 ,epimetheus sat down sullenly in a corner with his back toward ,pandora2 while ,pandora flung herself upon the floor and rested her head on the fatal box4 ,she was crying bitterly1 and sobbing as if her heart would break4 ,suddenly there was gentle little tap on the inside of the lid4 ,what can that be8 cried ,pandora1 lifting her head4 ,but either ,epimetheus had not heard the tap1 or was too much out of humor to notice it4 ,at any rate1 he made no answer4 ,you are very unkind1 said ,pandora1 sobbing anew1 not to speak to me6 ,again the tap6 ,it sounded like the tiny knuckles of a fairy's hand1 knocking lightly and playfully on the inside of the box4 ,who are you8 asked ,pandora1 with a little of her former curiosity4 ,who are you1 inside of this naughty box8 ,a sweet little voice spoke from within3 ,only lift the lid1 and you shall see4 ,no1 no1 answered ,pandora1 again beginning to sob1 ,i have had enough of lifting the lid6 ,you are inside of the box1 naughty creature1 and there you shall stay6 ,there are plenty of your ugly brothers and sisters already flying about the world4 ,you need never think that ,i shall be so foolish as to let you out6 ,she looked toward ,epimetheus as she spoke1 perhaps expecting that he would commend her for her wisdom4 ,but the sullen boy only muttered that she was wise a little too late4 ,ah1 said the sweet little voice again4 ,you had much better let me out4 ,i am not like those naughty creatures that have stings in their tails4 ,they are no brothers and sisters of mine1 as you would see at once1 if you were only to get a glimpse of me4 ,come1 come1 my pretty ,pandora6 ,i am sure you will let me out6 ,and1 indeed1 there was a kind of cheerful witchery in the tone that made it almost impossible to refuse anything which this little voice asked4 ,pandora's heart had grown lighter at every word that came from within the box4 ,epimetheus1 too1 though still in the corner1 had turned half round1 and seemed to be in rather better spirits than before4 ,my dear ,epimetheus1 cried ,pandora1 have you heard this little voice8 ,yes1 to be sure ,i have1 answered he1 but in no very good humor as yes4 ,and what of it8 ,shall ,i lift the lid again8 asked ,pandora4 ,just as you please1 said ,epimetheus4 ,you have done so much mischief already that perhaps you may as well do a little more4 ,one other ,trouble1 in such a swarm as you have set adrift about the world1 can make no very great difference4 ,you might speak a little more kindly6 murmured ,pandora1 wiping her eyes4 ,ah1 naughty boy6 cried the little voice within the box1 in an arch and laughing tone4 ,he knows he is longing to see me4 ,come1 my dear ,pandora1 lift up the lid4 ,i am in a great hurry to comfort you4 ,only let me have some fresh air1 and you shall soon see that matters are not quite so dismal as you think them6 ,epimetheus1 exclaimed ,pandora1 come what may1 ,i am resolved to open the box6 ,and1 as the lid seems very heavy1 cried ,epimetheus1 running across the room1 ,i will help you6 ,so1 with one consent1 the children again lifted the lid4 ,out flew a sunny and smiling little personage1 and hovered about the room1 throwing a light wherever she went4 ,have you never made the sunshine dance into dark corners by reflecting it from a bit of looking-glass8 ,well1 so looked the winged cheerfulness of this fairy-like stranger amid the gloom of the cottage4 ,she flew to ,epimetheus and laid the least touch of her finger on the inflamed spot where the ,trouble had stung him1 and immediately the anguish of it was gone4 ,then she kissed ,pandora on the forehead1 and her hurt was cured likewise4 ,after performing these good offices1 the bright stranger fluttered sportively over the children's heads1 and looked so sweetly at them that they both began to think it not so very much amiss to have opened the box1 since1 otherwise1 their cheery guest must have been kept a prisoner among those naughty imps with stings in their tails4 ,pray1 who are you1 beautiful creature8 inquired ,pandora4 ,i am to be called ,hope6 answered the sunshiny figure4 ,and because ,i am such a cheery little body1 ,i was packed into the box1 to make amends to the human race for that swarm of ugly ,troubles1 which was destined to be let loose among them4 ,never fear6 ,we shall do pretty well in spite of them all4 ,your wings are colored like the rainbow6 exclaimed ,pandora4 ,how very beautiful6 ,yes1 they are like the rainbow1 said ,hope1 because1 glad as my nature is1 ,i am partly made of tears as well as smiles4 ,and will you stay with us1 asked ,epimetheus1 for ever and ever8 ,as long as you need me1 said ,hope1 with her pleasant smile1 and that will be as long as you live in the world4 ,i promise never to leave you4 ,there may be times and seasons1 now and then1 when you will think that ,i have utterly vanished4 ,but again1 and again1 and again1 when perhaps you least dream of it1 you shall see the glimmer of my wings on the ceiling of your cottage4 ,yes1 my dear children1 and ,i know something very good and beautiful that is to be ,given you hereafter6 ,oh1 tell us1 they exclaimed2 tell us what it is6 ,do not ask me1 replied ,hope1 patting her finger on her rosy mouth4 ,but do not despair1 even if it should never happen while you live on this earth4 ,trust in my promise1 for it is true4 ,we do trust you6 cried ,epimetheus and ,pandora1 both in one breath4 ,and so they did2 and not only they1 but so has everybody trusted ,hope1 that has since been alive4 ,and1 to tell ,you the truth1 ,i cannot help being glad 7though to be sure ,it was an uncommonly naughty thing for her to do7 but ,i ,cannot help being glad that our foolish ,pandora peeped into the box4 ,no doubt--no doubt--the ,troubles are still flying about the world1 and have increased in numbers1 rather than lessened1 and are a very ugly set of imps1 and carry most venomous stings in their tails4 ,i have felt them already1 and expect to feel them more as ,i grow older4 ,but then that lovely and lightsome little figure of ,hope6 ,what in the world could we do without her8 ,hope spiritualizes the earth2 ,hope makes it always new2 and1 even in the earth's best and brightest aspect1 ,hope shows it to be only the shadow of an infinite bliss hereafter6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,how long ago did ,pandora and ,epimetheus live8 #b4 ,find the lines that tell how different the world was then from what it is now4 #c4 ,where did the box come from8 #d4 ,on what conditions was it given to ,epimetheus8 #e4 ,find lines that describe the box4 #f4 ,why was ,pandora interested in it8 #g4 ,in what way was it a blessing to ,pandora8 #h4 ,what led her to open the box8 #i4 ,do you thing ,epimetheus was at fault8 ,why8 #aj4 ,what happened when ,pandora raised the lid of the box8 #aa4 ,how did this affect the ,paradise of ,children8 ,the flowers8 ,the children8 #ab4 ,what happened when ,pandora opened the box a second time8 #ac4 ,why was ,hope put into the box with the ,troubles8 #ad4 ,why are the wings of ,hope like the rainbows8 #ae4 ,what does ,hope do for us8 #af4 ,what qualities in ,epimetheus do you like8 #ag4 ,what did ,hope mean by saying she was partly made of tears8 #ah4 ,how does ,hope spiritualize the earth1 i4e41 make it purer8 #ai4 ,tell what you can about the author4 #bj4 ,on page #bia you were asked to notice the way in which these authors tell their stories2 you have no doubt noticed that ,hawthorne uses humor and fancy to add interest4 #ba4 ,point out examples of his humor4 #bb4 ,what quaint fancy has he about the way food was provided when the world was young8 #bc4 ,by what fancy does he increase our interest in the mystery of the box8 #bd4 ,class readings3 ,select passages to be read aloud in class4 #be4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story briefly in your own words1 using the topic headings given in the story4 #bf4 ,you will enjoy seeing the pictures in the edition of ,the ,wonder-,book that is illustrated by the well known artist1 ,maxfield ,parrish4 #bg4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 caroling2 mysterious2 whence2 pettishly2 intelligent2 babble2 combine2 pried2 restore2 constant2 intent2 pestered2 witchery2 personage2 glimmer2 lightsome4 #bh ,pronounce3 ,epimetheus2 either2 ,pandora2 threshold2 livelong2 disquietude2 merry2 forbear2 accompany2 perseveringly2 vexations2 profusion2 mischievous2 contrivance2 ingenious2 merest2 lamentable2 gigantic2 molested2 calamity2 grievously2 intolerable2 hovered2 destined2 venomous2 spiritualizes2 aspect2 infinite4 ,phrases for ,study greatest disquietude1 afflicted the souls1 faint shadow of a ,trouble1 obtained a foothold1 more enterprise1 immortal in their childhood1 unaccustomed to vexations1 wrought together in such harmony1 indulge in to the utmost1 with one consent1 high relief1 performing these good offices1 utter itself in words1 roguishly defied1 much amiss1 toil is the real play1 make amends1 bewitchingly persuasive1 brightest aspect1 humor better suited1 shadow of an infinite bliss4 ,,the ,,golden ,,touch ,,king ,,midas ,,and ,,his ,,love ,,for ,,gold ,once upon a time there lived a very rich man1 and a ,king besides1 whose name was ,midas2 and he had a little daughter1 whom nobody but myself ever heard of1 and whose name ,i either never knew1 or have entirely forgotten4 ,so1 because ,i love odd name for little girls1 ,i choose to call her ,marygold4 ,this ,king ,midas was fonder of gold than of anything else in the world4 ,he valued his royal crown chiefly because it was composed of that precious metal4 ,if he loved anything better1 or half so well1 it was the one little maiden who played so merrily around her father's footstool4 ,but the more ,midas loved his daughter1 the more did he desire and seek for wealth4 ,he thought1 foolish man1 that the best thing he could possibly do for his dear child would be to give her the immensest pile of yellow1 glistening coin that had ever been heaped together since the world was make4 ,thus1 he gave all his thoughts and all his time to this one ,purpose4 ,if ever he happened to gaze for an instant at the gold-tinted clouds of sunset1 he wished that they were real gold and that they could be squeezed safely into his strong box4 ,when little ,marygold ran to meet him1 with a bunch of buttercups and dandelions1 he used to say1 ,pooh1 pooh1 child6 ,if these flowers were a golden as they look1 they would be worth the plucking6 ,and yet1 in his earlier days1 before he was so entirely possessed of this insane desire for riches1 ,king ,midas had shown a great taste for flowers4 ,he had planted a garden1 in which grew the biggest and beautifulest and sweetest roses that any mortal ever saw or smelled4 ,these roses were still growing in the garden1 as large1 as lovely1 and as fragrant as when ,midas used to pass whole hours in gazing at the and inhaling their perfume4 ,but now1 if he looked at them at all1 it was only to calculate how much the garden would be worth if each of the many rose-petals were a thin plate of gold4 ,at length 7as people always grow more and more foolish1 unless they take care to grow wiser and wiser7 ,midas had got to be so exceedingly unreasonable that he could scarcely bear to see or touch any object that was not gold4 ,he made it his custom1 therefore1 to pass a large portion of every day in a dark and dreary apartment1 underground1 at the basement of the palace4 ,it was here that he kept his wealth4 ,to this dismal hole for it was little better than a dungeon ,midas betook himself whenever he wanted to be particularly happy4 ,here1 after carefully locking the door1 he would take a bag of gold coin1 or a gold cup as big as a washbowl1 or a heavy golden bar1 or a peck-measure of gold-dust1 and bring them from the obscure corners of the room into the one bright and narrow sunbeam that fell from the dungeon-like window4 ,he valued the sunbeam for no other reason but that his treasure would not shine without its help4 ,and then would he reckon over the coins in the bag2 toss up the bar1 and catch it as it came down2 sift the gold-dust through his fingers2 look at the funny image of his own face1 as reflected in the polished surface of the cup2 and whisper to himself1 ,o ,midas1 rich ,king ,midas1 what a happy man art thou6 ,midas was enjoying himself in his treasure-room one ,day as usual1 when he saw a shadow fall over the heaps of ,gold2 and1 looking suddenly up1 what should he behold but ,the figure of a strange1 standing in the bright and narrow ,sunbeam6 ,it was a young man with a cheerful and ruddy face4 ,whether it was that the imagination of ,king ,midas threw a yellow tinge over everything1 or whatever the cause might be1 he could not help fancying that the smile with which the stranger regarded him had a kind of golden radiance in it4 ,as ,midas knew that he had carefully turned the key in ,the lock1 and that no mortal strength could possibly break ,into his treasure-room1 he of course concluded that his ,visitor must be something more than mortal4 ,it is no matter about telling you who he was4 ,in those days1 when the earth was comparatively a new affair1 it was supposed to be often the resort of beings who had extraordinary powers1 and who used to interest themselves in the joys and sorrows of men1 women1 and children1 half playfully and half seriously1 ,midas had met such beings before now1 and was not sorry to meet one of them again4 ,the stranger's manner1 indeed1 was so good-humored and kindly that it would have been unreasonable to suspect him of intending any mischief4 ,it was far more probable that he came to do ,midas a favor4 ,and what could that favor be1 unless to multiply his heaps of treasure8 ,the stranger gazed about the room2 and when his bright smile had glistened upon all the golden objects that were there1 he turned again to ,midas4 ,you are a wealthy man1 friend ,midas6 he observed4 ,i doubt whether any other four walls on earth contain so much gold as you have piled up in this room4 ,i have done pretty well pretty well1 answered ,midas1 in a discontented tone4 ,but1 after all1 it is but a trifle1 when you consider that it has taken me my whole life to get it together4 ,if one could live a thousand years1 he might have time to grow rich6 ,what6 exclaimed the stranger4 ,then you are not satisfied8 ,midas shook his head4 ,and pray what would satisfy you8 asked the stranger4 ,merely for the curiosity of the thing ,i should be glad to know4 ,midas paused and meditated4 ,he had a feeling that his stranger1 with such a golden luster in his good-humored smile1 had come hither with both the power and the purpose of gratifying his utmost wishes4 ,now1 therefore1 was the fortunate moment when he had but to speak and obtain whatever possible1 or seemingly impossible1 thing it might come into his head to ask4 ,so he thought and thought and thought1 and heaped up one golden mountain upon another in this imagination1 without being able to imagine them big enough4 ,at last1 a bright idea occurred to ,king ,midas4 ,it seemed really as bright as the glistening metal which he loved so much4 ,raising his head1 he looked the lustrous stranger in the face4 ,well1 ,midas1 observed his visitor4 ,i see that you have at length hit upon something that will satisfy you4 ,tell me your wish4 ,it is only this1 ,replied ,midas4 ,i am weary of collecting my treasures with so much trouble1 and beholding the heap so small after ,i have done my best4 ,i wish everything that ,i touch to be changed to gold6 ,the stranger's smile grew so very broad that it seemed to fill the room like an outburst of the sun gleaming into a shadowy dell where the yellow autumnal leaves--for so looked the lumps and particles of gold--lie strewn in the glow of light4 ,the ,golden ,touch6 exclaimed he4 ,you certainly deserve credit1 friend ,midas1 for striking out so brilliant an idea4 ,but are you quite sure that this will satisfy you8 ,how could it fail8 said ,midas4 ,and will you never regret the possession of it8 ,what could induce me8 asked ,midas4 ,i ask nothing else to render me perfectly happy4 ,be it as you wish1 then1 replied the stranger1 waving his hand in token of farewell4 ,tomorrow1 at sunrise1 you will find yourself gifted with the ,golden touch4 ,the figure of the stranger then became exceedingly bright1 and ,midas was forced to close his eyes4 ,on opening them again he beheld only one yellow sunbeam in the room1 and1 all around him1 the glistening of the precious metal which he had spent his life in hoarding up4 ,whether ,midas slept as usual that night1 the story does not say4 ,asleep or awake1 however1 his mind was probably in the state of a child's to whom a beautiful new plaything has been promised in the morning4 ,at any rate1 day had hardly peeped over the hills when ,king ,midas was broad awake1 and stretching his arms out of bed1 began to touch the objects that were within reach4 ,he was anxious to prove whether the ,golden ,touch had really come1 according to the stranger's promise4 ,so he laid his finger on a chair by the bedside1 and on various other things1 but was grievously disappointed to perceive that they remained of exactly the same substance as before4 ,,the ,,gift ,,of ,,the ,,golden ,,touch ,all this while1 it was only the gray of the morning1 with but a streak of brightness along the edge of the sky1 where ,midas could not see it4 ,he lay in a very unhappy mood1 regretting the downfall of his hopes1 and kept growing sadder and sadder1 until the earliest sunbeam shone through the window and gilded the ceiling over his head4 ,it seemed to ,midas that this bright yellow sunbeam was reflected in rather a singular way on the white covering of the bed4 ,looking more closely1 what was his astonishment and delight1 when he found that this linen fabric wad been changed to what seemed a woven texture of the purest and brightest gold6 ,the ,golden ,touch had come to him with the first sunbeam6 ,midas started up1 in a kind of joyful frenzy1 and ran about the room grasping at everything that happened to be in his way4 ,he seized one of the bed-posts1 and it became immediately a fluted golden pillar4 ,he pulled aside a window-curtain in order to admit a clear spectacle of the wonders which he was performing2 and the tassel grew heavy in his hand--a mass of gold4 ,he took up a book from the table4 ,at this first touch1 it assumed the appearance of such a splendidly-bound and gilt-edged volume as one often meets with nowadays2 but1 on running his fingers through the leaves1 behold6 ,it was a bundle of thin golden plates1 in which all the wisdom of the book had grown in distinct4 ,he hurriedly put on his clothes1 and was delighted to ace himself in magnificent suit of gold cloth1 which retained its flexibility and softness1 although it burdened him a little with its weight4 ,wise ,king ,midas was so excited by his good fortune that the palace seemed not sufficiently spacious to contain him4 ,he therefore went downstairs and smiled on observing that the balustrade of the staircase became a bar of burnished gold as his hand passed over it in the descent4 ,he lifted the door latch 7it was brass only a moment ago1 but golden when his fingers quitted it7 and went into the garden4 ,here1 as it happened1 he found a great number of beautiful roses in full bloom1 and others in all the stages of lovely bud and blossom4 ,very delicious was their fragrance in the morning breeze4 ,their delicate blush was one of the fairest sights in the world--so gentle1 so modest1 and so full of erect composure did these roses seem to be4 ,but ,midas knew a way to make them far more precious1 according to his way of thinking1 than roses had ever been before4 ,so he took great pains in going from bush to bush1 and exercised his magic touch most freely2 until every individual flower and bud1 and even the worms at the heart of some of them1 were changed to gold4 ,by the time this good work was completed1 ,king ,midas was called to breakfast2 and1 as the morning air had given him an excellent appetite1 he made haste back to the palace4 ,what was usually a king's breakfast1 in the days of ,midas1 ,i really do not know1 and cannot stop now to find out4 ,to the best of my belief1 however1 on this particular morning1 the breakfast consisted of hot cakes1 some nice little brook-trout1 roasted potatoes1 fresh boiled eggs1 and coffee1 for ,king ,midas himself1 and a bowl of bread and milk for his daughter ,marygold4 ,at all events1 this is a breakfast fit to be set before a king2 and1 whether he had it or not1 ,king ,midas could not have had a better4 ,little ,marygold had not yet made her appearance4 ,her father ordered her to be called1 and1 seating himself at table1 awaited the child's coming1 in order to begin his own breakfast4 ,to do ,midas justice1 he really loved his daughter1 and loved her so much the more this morning on account of the good fortune which had befallen him4 ,it was not a great while before he heard her coming along the passage crying bitterly4 ,this circumstance surprised him1 because ,marygold was one of the cheerfulest little people whom you would see in a summer day1 and hardly shed a thimbleful of tears in a twelvemonth4 ,when ,midas heard her sobs1 he determined to put little ,marygold into better spirits by an agreeable surprise2 so1 leaning across the table1 he touched his daughter's bowl 7which was a china one1 with pretty figures all around it7 and turned it to gleaming gold4 ,meanwhile1 ,marygold slowly and sadly opened the door1 and showed herself with her apron at her eyes1 still sobbing as if her heart would break4 ,how now1 my little lady6 cried ,midas4 ,pray what is the matter with you this bright morning8 ,marygold1 without taking the apron from her eyes1 held out her hand1 in which was one of the roses which ,midas had so recently changed4 ,beautiful6 exclaimed her father4 ,and what is there in this magnificent golden rose to make you cry8 ,ah1 dear father6 answered the child1 as well as her sobs would let her1 it is not beautiful1 but the ugliest flower that ever grew6 ,as soon as ,i was dressed1 ,i ran into the garden to gather some roses for you1 because ,i know you like them1 and like them the better when gathered by your little daughter4 ,but1 ,o dear1 dear me6 ,what do you think has happened8 ,such a misfortune6 ,all the beautiful roses1 that smelled so sweet and had so many lovely blushes1 are blighted and spoiled6 ,they are grown quite yellow1 as you see this one1 and have no longer any fragrance6 ,what can have been the matter8 ,pooh1 my dear little girl1 pray don't cry about it6 said ,midas1 who was ashamed to confess that he himself had wrought the change which so greatly afflicted her4 ,sit down and eat your bread and milk6 ,you will find it easy enough to exchange a golden rose like that 7which will last hundreds of years7 for an ordinary one1 which would wither in a day4 ,i don't care for such roses as this6 cried ,marygold4 ,it has no smell1 and hard petals prick my nose6 ,,the ,,king',s ,,breakfast ,,of ,,gold ,the child now sat down to table1 but was so occupied with her grief for the blighted roses that she did not even notice the wonderful change of her china bowl4 ,perhaps this was all the better2 for ,marygold was accustomed to take pleasure in looking at the queer figures and strange trees and houses that were painted on the outside of the bowl2 and those ornaments were now entirely lost in the yellow hue of the metal4 ,midas1 meanwhile1 had poured out a cup of coffee2 and1 as a matter of course1 the coffee-pot1 whatever metal it may have been when he took it up1 was gold when he set it down4 ,he thought to himself that it was rather an extravagant style of splendor1 in a king of his simple habits1 to breakfast off a service of gold1 and began to be puzzled with the difficulty of keeping his treasures safe4 ,the cupboard and the kitchen would no longer be a safe place of deposit for articles so valuable as golden bowls and coffee-pots4 ,amid these thoughts1 he lifted a spoonful of coffee to his lips1 and sipping it1 was astonished to perceive that1 the instant his lips touched the liquid1 it became molten gold1 and1 the next moment1 hardened into a lump6 ,ha6 exclaimed ,midas1 rather aghast4 ,what is the matter1 father8 asked little ,marygold1 gazing at him1 with tears still standing in her eyes4 ,nothing1 child1 nothing6 said ,midas4 ,eat your bread and milk before it gets quite cold4 ,he took one of the nice little trout on his plate1 and1 by way of experiment1 touched its tail with his finger4 ,to his horror1 it was immediately changed from an admirably-fried brook-trout into a gold fish1 though not one of those goldfish which people often keep in glass globes1 as ornaments for the parlor4 ,no2 but it was really a metallic fish1 and looked as if it had been very cunningly made by the nicest goldsmith in the world4 ,its little bones were now golden wires2 its fins and tail were thin plates of gold2 and there were the marks of the fork in it1 and all the delicate1 frothy appearance of a nicely fried fish1 exactly imitated in metal4 ,a very pretty piece of work1 as you may suppose2 only ,king ,midas just at the that moment would much rather have had a real trout in his dish than his elaborate and valuable imitation of one4 ,i don't quite see1 thought he to himself1 how ,i am to get any breakfast6 ,he took one of the smoking hot cakes1 and had scarcely broken it1 when1 to his cruel mortification1 though a moment before it had been of the whitest wheat1 it assumed the yellow hue of ,indian meal4 ,to say the truth1 if it had really been a hot ,indian cake1 ,midas would have prized it a good deal more than he now did1 when its solidity and increased weight made him know too well that it was old4 ,almost in despair1 he helped himself to a boiled egg1 which immediately underwent a change similar to that of the trout and the cake4 ,the egg1 indeed1 might have been mistaken for one of those which the famous goose1 in the story-book1 was in the habit of laying2 but ,king ,midas was the only goose that had had anything to do with the matter4 ,well1 this is a puzzle6 thought he1 leaning back in his chair1 and looking quite enviously at little ,marygold1 who was now eating her bread and milk with great satisfaction4 ,such a costly breakfast1 and nothing that can be eaten6 ,hoping that1 by dint of great quickness1 he might avoid what he now felt to be a considerable inconvenience1 ,king ,midas next snatched a hot potato1 and attempted to cram ,it into his mouth and swallow it in hurry4 ,but the ,golden ,touch was too nimble for him4 ,he found his mouth full1 not of mealy potato1 but of solid metal1 which so burned his tongue that he roared aloud1 and1 jumping up from the table1 began to dance and stamp about the room1 both with pain and affright4 ,father1 dear father6 cried little ,marygold1 who was a very affectionate child1 pray1 what is the matter8 ,have you burned your mouth8 ,ah1 dear child1 groaned ,midas1 dolefully1 ,i don't know what is to become of your poor father6 ,and1 truly1 my dear little folks1 did you ever hear of such a pitiable case in all your lives8 ,here was literally the richest breakfast that could be set before a king1 and its very richness made it absolutely good for nothing4 ,the poorest laborer1 sitting down to his crust of bread and cup of water1 was far better off than ,king ,midas1 whose delicate food was really worth its weight in gold4 ,and what was to be done8 ,already1 at breakfast1 ,midas was very hungry4 ,would he be less so by dinner-time8 ,and how ravenous would be his appetite for supper1 which must undoubtedly consist of the same sort of indigestible dishes as those now before him6 ,how many days1 think you1 would he survive the fate of this rich fare8 ,these thoughts so troubled wise ,king ,midas that he began to doubt whether1 after all1 riches are the one desirable thing in the world2 or even the most desirable4 ,but this was only a passing thought4 ,so pleased was ,midas with the glitter of the yellow metal that he would still have refused to give up the ,golden ,touch for so small a consideration as a breakfast4 ,just imagine what a price for one meal's victuals6 ,it would have been the same as paying millions and millions of money 7and as many millions more as would take forever to reckon up7 for some fried trout1 an egg1 a potato1 a hot cake1 and a cup of coffee6 ,it would be quite too dear1 thought ,midas4 ,nevertheless1 so great was his hunger and perplexity of this situation1 that he again groaned aloud1 and very grievously too4 ,our pretty ,marygold could endure it no longer4 ,she sat a moment gazing at her father1 and trying1 with all the might of her little wits1 to find out what was the matter with him4 ,then1 with a sweet and sorrowful impulse to comfort him1 she started from the chair1 and running to ,midas1 threw her arms affectionately about his knees4 ,he bent down and kissed her4 ,he felt that his little daughter's love was worth a thousand times more than he had gained by the ,golden ,touch4 ,my precious1 precious ,marygold6 cried he4 ,but ,marygold made no answer4 ,alas1 what had he done8 ,how fatal was the gift which the stranger gave6 ,the moment the lips of ,midas touched ,marygold's forehead1 a change had taken place4 ,her sweet1 rosy face1 so full of affection as it had been1 assumed a glittering yellow color1 with yellow tear-drops hardening on her cheeks4 ,her beautiful brown ringlets took the same tint4 ,her soft and tender little form grew hard and stiff within her father's encircling arms4 ,o terrible misfortune6 ,the victim of his great desire for wealth1 little ,marygold was human child no longer1 but a golden statue6 ,yes1 there she was1 with the questioning look of love1 grief1 and pity1 hardened into her face4 ,it was the prettiest and most woeful sight that ever mortal saw4 ,all the features and tokens of ,marygold were there2 even the beloved little dimple remained in her golden chin4 ,but1 the more perfect was the resemblance1 the greater was the father's agony at beholding this golden image1 which was all that was left him of a daughter4 ,it had been a favorite phrase of ,midas1 whenever he felt particularly fond of the child1 to say that she was worth her weight in gold4 ,and how the phrase had become literally true4 ,and now1 at last1 when it was too late1 he felt how infinitely a warm and tender heart that loved him exceeded in value all the wealth that could be piled up betwixt the earth and sky6 ,it would be too sad a story if ,i were to tell you how ,midas1 in the fullness of all his gratified desires1 began to ,wring his hands and bemoan himself2 and how he could neither bear to look at ,marygold1 nor yet to look away from her4 ,,what ,,king ,,midas ,,learned ,while he was in this despair1 he suddenly beheld a stranger1 standing near the door4 ,midas bent down his head1 without speaking2 for he recognized the same figure which had appeared to him the day before in the treasure-room1 and had bestowed on him this unlucky power of the ,golden ,touch4 ,the stranger's countenance still wore a smile1 which ,seemed to shed a yellow luster all about the room1 and ,gleamed on little ,marygold's image1 and on the other ,objects that had been changed by the touch of ,midas4 ,well1 friend ,midas1 said the stranger1 pray how do you succeed with the ,golden ,touch8 ,midas shook his head4 ,i am very miserable1 said he4 ,very miserable1 indeed6 exclaimed the stranger4 ,and how happens that8 ,have ,i not faithfully kept my promise with you8 ,have you not everything that your heart desired8 ,gold is not everything1 answered ,midas4 ,and ,i have lost all that my heart really cared for4 ,ah6 ,so you have made a discovery since yesterday8 observed the stranger4 ,let us see1 then4 ,which of these two things do you think is really worth the more--the gift of the ,golden ,touch1 or one cup of clear cold water8 ,o blessed water6 exclaimed ,midas4 ,it will never moisten my parched throat again6 ,the ,golden ,touch1 continued the stranger1 or a crust of bread8 ,a piece of bread1 answered ,midas1 is worth all the gold on earth6 ,the ,golden ,touch1 asked the stranger1 or your own little ,marygold1 warm1 soft1 and loving1 as she was an hour ago8 ,oh1 my child1 my dear child1 my dear child6 cried poor ,midas1 wringing his hands4 ,i would not have given that one small dimple in her chin for the power of changing his whole big earth into a solid lump of gold6 ,you are wiser than you were1 ,king ,midas6 said the stranger1 looking seriously at him4 ,your own heart1 ,i perceive1 has not been entirely changed from flesh to gold4 ,were it so1 your ease would indeed be desperate4 ,but you appear to be still capable of understanding that the commonest things1 such as lie within everybody's grasp1 are more valuable than the riches which so many mortals sigh and struggle after4 ,tell me1 now1 do you sincerely desire to rid yourself of this ,golden ,touch8 ,it is hateful to me6 replied ,midas4 ,a fly settled on his nose1 but immediately fell to the ,floor2 for it1 to had become gold4 ,midas shuddered4 ,go1 then1 said the stranger1 and plunge into the river that glides past the bottom of the your garden4 ,take likewise a vase of the same water1 and sprinkle it over any object that you may desire to change back again from gold into its former substance4 ,if you do this in earnestness and sincerity1 it may possibly repair the mischief which your avarice has occasioned4 ,king ,midas bowed low2 and when he lifted his head1 ,the lustrous stranger had vanished4 ,you will easily believe that ,midas lost no time in snatching up a great earthen pitcher 7but1 alas6 ,it was no longer earthen after he touched it7 and hastening to the riverside4 ,as he scampered along1 and forced his way through the shrubbery1 it was positively marvelous to see how the foliage turned yellow behind him1 as if the autumn had been there1 and nowhere else4 ,on reaching the river's brink1 he plunged headlong in1 without waiting so much as to pull off his shoes4 ,poof6 ,poof6 ,poof6 snorted ,king ,midas1 as his head emerged out of the water4 ,well1 this is really a refreshing bath1 and ,i think it must have quite washed away the ,golden ,touch4 ,and now for filling my pitcher6 ,as he dipped the pitcher into the water1 it gladdened his very heart to see it change from gold into the same good1 honest earthen vessel which it had been before he touched it4 ,he was conscious1 also1 of a change within himself4 ,a cold1 hard1 and heavy weight seemed to have gone out of his bosom4 ,no doubt his heart had been gradually losing its human substance1 and changing itself into dull metal1 but had now softened back again into flesh4 ,seeing a violet that grew on the bank of the river1 ,midas touched it with his finger1 and was overjoyed to find that the delicate flower retained its purple hue1 instead of undergoing a yellow blight4 ,the curse of the ,golden ,touch had1 therefore1 really been removed from him4 ,king ,midas hastened back to the palace2 and1 ,i suppose1 the servants knew not what to make of it when they saw their royal master so carefully bringing home an earthen pitcher of water4 ,but that water1 which was to undo all the mischief that his folly had wrought1 was more precious to ,midas than an ocean of molten gold could have been4 ,the first thing he did1 as you nee hardly be told1 was to sprinkle it by handfuls over the golden figure of little ,marygold4 ,no sooner did it fall on her than you would have laughed to see how the rosy color came back to the dear child's cheek6--and how she began to sneeze and splutter6--and how astonished she was to find herself dripping wet1 and her father still throwing more water over her6 ,pray1 do not1 dear father6 cried she4 ,see how you have wet my nice frock1 which ,i put on only this morning6 ,for ,marygold did not know that she had been a little golden statue2 nor could she remember anything that had happened since the moment when she ran1 with outstretched arms1 to comfort poor ,king ,midas4 ,her father did not think it necessary to tell his beloved child how very foolish he had been1 but contented himself with showing how much wiser he had now grown4 ,for this purpose he led little ,marygold into the garden1 where he sprinkled all the remainder of the water over the rosebushes recovered their beautiful bloom4 ,there were two circumstances1 however1 which1 as long as he lived1 used to put ,king ,midas in mind of the ,golden ,touch4 ,one was that the sands of the river sparkled like gold2 the other that little ,marygold's hair had now a golden tinge1 which he had never observed in it before she had been changed by the effect of his kiss4 ,this change of hue was really an improvement1 and made ,marygold's hair richer than in her babyhood4 ,when ,king ,midas had grown quite an old man1 and used to trot ,marygold's children on his knee1 he was fond of telling them this marvelous story1 pretty much as ,i have now told it to your4 ,and then would he stroke their glossy ringlets1 and tell them that their hair1 likewise1 had a rich shade of gold1 which they had inherited from their mother4 ,and to tell you the truth1 my precious little folks1 quoth ,king ,midas1 diligently trotting the children all the while1 ever since that morning ,i have hated the very sight of all other gold save this6 ,,notes ,,and ,,questions ,discussion4 #a4 ,how did ,midas think he could best show his love for this daughter8 #b4 ,what was his chief pleasure8 #c4 ,describe the visitor who appeared to ,midas in his treasure-room4 #d4 ,what did the stranger ask him8 #e4 ,find the sentence that tells what ,midas wished4 #f4 ,when did he receive his new power8 #g4 ,what use did he make of it8 #h4 ,what did ,marygold think of the gold roses8 #i4 ,why was not ,midas's breakfast a success8 #aj4 ,when did ,midas first doubt whether riches are the most desirable thing in the world8 #aa4 ,how did he drive this thought away8 #ab4 ,what make him realize that his little daughter was dearer to him than gold8 #ac4 ,find lines that tell what he realized when it was too late4 #ad4 ,what did the stranger ask when he came again8 #ae4 ,what was the discovery that ,midas mad made since the stranger's first visit8 #af4 ,how was ,midas cured of the ,golden ,touch8 #ag4 ,what was he told to do in order to restore ,marygold to life8 #ah4 ,what was the only gold he cared about after he was saved from the ,golden ,touch8 #ai4 ,find examples of human2 of fanciful expressions1 ,such as day had hardly peeped over the hills1 of descriptions that you like4 #bj4 ,close readings3 ,select passages to be read aloud in class4 #ba4 ,outline for testing silent reading4 ,tell the story briefly in your own words1 using the topic headings given in the story4 #bb4 ,find in the ,glossary the meaning of3 purpose2 mortal2 inhaling2 induce2 flexibility2 balustrade2 burnished2 afflicted2 affright2 consideration2 perplexity2 fatal2 agony2 infinitely2 desperate2 earthen2 conscious2 molten4 #bc4 ,pronounce3 ,midas2 calculate2 particularly2 obscure2 tinge2 extraordinary2 mediate2 composure2 blighted2 bath2 cup2 snarl2 molten2 aghast2 admirably2 metallic2 frothy2 pitiable2 ravenous2 indigestible2 victuals2 phrase2 recognized2 purebred2 avarice4 ,phrases for ,study comparatively a new affair1 fairest goldsmith1 woven texture1 cruel mortification1 wisdom of the book1 by dint of great quickness1 cunningly made1 features and tokens4 ,,great ,,american ,,authors ,a ,backward ,look ,a wonderful power lies in the ,crystal ,glass of ,reading--the power to increase your circle of friends and to know intimately people who have lived in distant times and places4 ,through its power the great heroes of all ages--,joseph1 ,beowulf1 ,sigurd1 ,robin ,hood1 and our own ,washington1 ,lincoln1 and ,roosevelt--become your companions4 ,someone has said that the pen is mightier than the sword1 which is another way of saying that great books have had more to do in shaping the lives and fortunes of men than bloody battles4 ,the group of authors whose stories and poems you have just been reading is a company of friends whose thoughts about ,nature1 or about life and its meaning1 have been a power in making ,america what it is today4 ,acquaintance with these friends has been made easy for you2 you have had placed before you their pictures and interesting facts about their lives1 and best of all1 you have been able to hear them tell their own thoughts4 ,what authors are in this group8 ,which of them did you learn to know in ,book ,,iv and which were new to you in this book8 ,close your eyes and see whether your inward eye can picture the faces of ,franklin1 ,bryant1 ,whittier1 ,irving1 ,longfellow1 ,hawthorne4 ,make one interesting statement concerning each author and his works4 ,quote lines from poems by ,bryant1 ,whittier1 and ,longfellow4 ,make from memory a list of title of stories or poems you have read from each of these six ,american authors4 ,benjamin ,franklin founded the first public library in ,america2 the picture on page #ah shows you what a library must have been like in the old ,greek days1 and page #bhh pictures a view of the ,congressional ,library at ,washington1 the home of the complete works of all our ,american authors4 ,the building is considered one of the most beautiful in the world2 report to the class some interesting facts about this library that you have learned from someone who has seen it4 ,in the last paragraph of the ,forward ,look1 you are asked to notice the way in which authors tell what they have to say4 ,when ,franklin was a young boy he was not at all satisfied with his way of writing1 so he sat himself the task of noticing carefully how a certain ,english writer1 whom he admired very much1 expressed himself1 and tried to pattern after him4 ,notice how ,franklin made the story ,an ,ax to ,grind seem very real by using direct quotations2 where else has he used direct quotations with the same result8 ,notice the way ,hawthorne added interest to his stories3 7a7 by touches of fancy2 7b7 by delicate humor2 7c7 by apt descriptions4 ,point out examples of each of these qualities in ,the ,paradise of ,children4 ,make a similar showing for ,the ,golden ,touch4 ,compare the two stories in regard to each of ,these qualities4 ,turn to the pictures on pages #bhb1 #big1 #cjb1 #cba1 and #cji1 and see whether you are able to tell what selection each panel-picture illustrates4 ,you have read many stories in this book that show how fine a thing it is to serve1 and so it seems fitting to have on the cover at your reader a picture of ,hiawatha1 who ,lived and toiled1 so ,i suffered1 ,that the tribes of men might prosper1 ,that he might advance his people6 ,make a list of the stories you have read in this book that tell about service4 ,read the lines in ,the ,white-man's foot that describe the great canoe with pinions1 which you see in the picture on the outside cover of this book4 ,since you began to use this book what progress have you hade in gaining ability to read silently with speed and understanding8 99 99 99 99 99 ,,glossary abashed 7a-bashed'71 ashamed abbey 7ab'i71 the home of monks abbot 7ab'ut71 head of an abbey above his fortune 7for'toon71 more than he can afford absolutely 7ab'so-loot-ly71 positively absurd inventions 7ab-surd' in-ven'shuns71 made-up stories not believable abyes 7a-bis'71 a space so deep as not to be easily measured accompany 7ac-com'pa-ny71 go with accosted 7ac-cost'ed71 spoken to accoutered 7ac-cout'ered71 dressed accumulating 7ac-cu'mu-lat-ing71 piling up acquainted 7ac-quaint'ed71 friendly with each other adage 7ad'age71 a saying ,adjidaumo 7,ad-ji-dau'mo7 admirably 7ad'mi-ra-bly71 well ado 7a-do'71 fuss adorn 7a-dorn'71 decorate advance 7ad-vance'7 his people1 help his tribe of ,indians to be better advisers 7ad-viz'ers71 men with whom he talked adz 7adz'71 tool for trimming wood aerie 7i'ry71 high nest ,aesop 7,ae'sop71 a ,greek slave who wrote many little stories afflicted 7af-flict'ed71 distressed afflicted 7af-flict'ed7 the souls1 made people do wrong affliction 7af-flic'shun71 trouble affright 7af-fright'71 alarm aftermath 7aft'er-math71 second crop against all comers1 with anyone he meets age of doubt1 time when people are not ready to believe aghast 7a-ghast'71 startled agility 7a-gil'i-ty71 quickness agony 7ag'o-ny71 grief ,ahmeek 7,ah-meek'7 ,ahno 7,ah'no7 ,aladdin 7,a-lad'din7 alder 7al'der71 a kind of tree alert 7a-lert'71 watchful ,ali ,baba 7,a'li ,bah'bah7 allied 7al-lied'71 joined all in their best1 dressed in their best clothes all its endearments 7en-dear'mentz71 everything that makes it dear allotted 7al-lot'ted7 time1 time granted for doing anything almanacs 7al'ma-naks71 small books containing a yearly calendar with little stories aloes 7al'oes71 a precious wood alternate 7al-ter'nate71 first one1 then the other ambitious 7am-bi'shus71 eager for ambush in the oak-tree1 hiding-place in the oak amethyst 7am'e-thyst71 a clear purple or bluish violet2 a precious stone ancient1 old2 of old time anecdote 7an'ek-dote71 a story anemones 7a-nim'o-nez71 wild flowers of pale1 dainty colors anew 7a-nu'71 again animal spirits1 loud1 rough play ,annemeekee 7,an-ne-mee'kee7 ,antoine 7,an-twan'7 anxious 7ang'shus71 troubled ape the ways of pride1 try to copy the actions of proud people apothecary 7a-poth'uh-ca-ry71 druggist appeared concerned 7ap-peared' con-surned'71 seemed anxious apple from the pine1 pineapple appointed 7ap-point'ed71 chosen beforehand for the feast approached 7ap-proacht'71 went near to approach 7ap-proach'7 the bounds1 come near the edge ,arabic 7,ar'a-bik71 language of ,arabs arch and laughing tone1 merry1 teasing voice archery1 shooting with bow and arrow arching1 curving arching blue1 sky arch of the sunlit bow1 curve of the rainbow archway of rock1 meeting place overhead of two rock walls array 7ar-ray'17 order artificar 7ar-tif'i-sur71 skilled worker ash-cakes1 unsweetened cakes baked on a hot shovel laid on the ashes aspect1 outlook2 state aspen 7as'pen7 bower1 thicket of trees the leaves of which are easily moved by the wind aspiring 7as-pir'ing7 genius1 clever person who is trying to rise assembled 7as-sem'bld71 collected assumed 7as-soomd'7 the ap-pear'ance of1 looked like asters 7as'ters7 in the brook1 reflection of the asters in the water astir 7a-stur'71 moving around astonished 7as-ton'isht71 surprised astride 7a-stride'7 the traces1 having one leg over one of the straps which fastened the plow to the horses asunder 7a-sun'der71 apart attendance 7at-ten'dans7 on levees 7lev- ees'71 going to receptions attend his pleasure 7plezh'ur71 do his bidding at their glittering 7glit'ter-ing7 best1 shining as bright as possible audible 7au'di-b'l71 that can be heard aught but tender1 any way except kind autumnal 7au-tum'nal71 of autumn avarice 7av'a-ris71 greed averted 7a-vurt'ed71 turned aside awakening 7a-wak'n-ing7 of the woods1 the budding of the forest trees awry 7a-ri'71 crooked ay 7,i71 yes azure 7azh'ur71 sky-blue2 the air azure space1 blue air above babble 7bab'bl71 chatter bade1 told2 told to balas 7bal'as71 a kind of ruby balked1 7bal'kt7 stopped balm 7balm71 sticky dried juice balsam 7bal'sam71 same as balm balustrade 7bal'us-trad'71 railing bandages 7ban'daj-ez71 strips of cloth banditti 7ban-dit'ti71 robbers barter 7bar'ter7 it all1 trade all that ,i have gained basswood 7bas'wood71 wood of the linden tree battlements 7bat'tl-ments71 irregular top of the high walls of a castle bayou 7bi'oo71 inlet bazaars 7ba-zars'71 shops2 marketplace beam1 ray of light beaming1 shining bear me ill-will1 dislike me bear no malice 7mal'is71 have no ill-will beast of prey1 flesh-eating animal ,beatte 7,be'ti7 beat us holler1 do things we cannot do beauteous 7bu'te-us7 summer glow1 lovely brightness of summer time becalmed 7be-kalmd'71 prevented from sailing because of lack of wind beechen 7bech'en71 of the beech tree befall 7be-fol'71 happen to beguile 7be-gil'71 charm beguiled 7be-gild'71 tricked beheld it aforetime 7a-for'tim71 see it before it arrived belated 7be-lat'ed7 thriftless vagrant 7va'grant71 tardy1 lazy wanderer belfry 7bel'fri71 tower for a bell bemoan 7be-mon'7 himself1 groan softly beneath 7be-neth'7 benevolent 7be-nev'o-lent7 friendship1 kind and generous acts of a friend benignant 7be-nig'nant71 kindly beseems 7be-semz'7 his quality 7kwol'i'ti71 fits his rank beside himself with joy1 so happy he did not know what to do besmeared 7be-smerd'71 covered best of cheer1 things that make one most happy betrayed 7be-trayd'2 betra'ed71 given me to my enemy by a trick bewinderment 7be-wil'der-ment71 perplexity bewitchingly persuasive 7be-wich'ing-li per-swa'siv71 charmingly coaxing ,big-,sea-,water1 ,lake ,superior billowed like a russet ocean 7bil'od2 rus'et71 reddish grass blew like waves ,bishop of ,bingen 7bish'up2 bing'en71 ,hatto1 who starved the poor and was shut up in a tower1 where mice devoured him bison 7bi'sun71 ,american buffalo blanc-mange 7bla-mnzh'71 a dessert of starchy substances and milk blare 7blar71 blow harshly blest 7blast71 hard wind2 loud1 long sound blazing in the sky1 showing bright against the sky ,blefuscu 7ble-fus'ku7 blended ranks 7blend'ed71 mixed lines blighted 7blit'ed71 withered blithe 7blith71 happy2 joyous blossoming ground1 earth covered with flowers blue day1 day when the sky is clear blur in the eye1 tear boar 7bor71 wild hog bonny 7bon'71 gay booming 7boom'ing71 hollow-sounding boon 7boon71 favor borne their part 7born71 done their share born to rule the storm1 naturally able to do anything bosom 7booz'um71 front part boundary 7boun'da-ri71 marking a division2 separating bound boy1 boy hired out to work by the year for his board and a small wage bound by a spell1 charmed so that ,i could not move bound'less space1 the endless extent of the regions of the air bound to him1 made them love him bounties 7boun'tiz71 generous gifts bountiful traveler 7boun'ti-fol trav'el-er7 generous traveler ,bowdoin 7bo'd'n7 bowers 7bou'erz71 lovely rooms bowl'ders 7bol'derz71 large stones brake 7brayk71 valley enclosed by hills braves1 ,indian men ready to fight brawny 7bra'ni71 strong breakers 7brayk'erz71 big waves striking the shore break my fast1 eat my meal breathed a song1 sang a song softly breeches 7brich'ez71 short trousers bridled 7bri'd'ld71 put the headpiece on brig 7brig71 sailing ship with two masts brightened as he sped 7brit'nd71 grew brighter as he mounted up into the sky brightest aspect 7as'pekt71 look that is most attractive brin'dled 7brin'd'ld71 having dark streaks or spots on a gray or yellowish brown ground2 streaked bring the hunting homeward1 carry home what ,i shoot broadfaced sun1 round1 cheerful sun brocades 7bro-kadz'71 heavy silk woven with a raised figure or flower brooding 7brood'ing71 thinking sadly broom1 a shrub with yellow flowers brought to bale 7bal71 made trouble for buffet 7buf'et71 slap bulge 7bulj71 place bent in bullies 7bool'iz71 teases bulwark 7bool'wark71 protection2 defense bunting 7bun'ting71 cloth for flags buoy 7boi7 float burial 7ber'i-al71 act of placing in a grave burnished 7bur'nisht71 shining ,bussorah 7bus'o-ra7 by dint of great quickness 7dint71 by acting very fast by way of satisfying 7sat'is-fi'ing71 in order to quiet the prickings of calamity 7ka-lam'i-ti71 misfortune calculate 7kal'ku-lat71 figure up ,caliph 7ka'lif71 an ,eastern title calked 7kalkt71 stopped up calls but the warders 7wor'derz71 only calls the watchmen calm 7km71 a period of quiet came into the knowledge of1 was told came into the world1 took part in the business1 political1 social2 etc41 activities of the world canoe with pinions 7ka-noo'2 pin'yunz71 sailboat capital crime 7kap'i-tal71 a sin so bad that it is punished by death care is sowing1 worry and work are making grow carnage 7kar'naj71 killing caroling 7kar'ul-ing71 singing carriages 7kar'ij-ez71 carts ,casabianca 7ka'za-byan'ka7 cast yourself free1 unroll cataract's laughter 7kat'a-rakts laf'ter71 laughing sound made by water falling from a height catches the gleam1 reflects the light cathedral 7ka-the'dral71 large church caution 7kau'shun72 carefulness ceased their calling 7sest71 stopped singing because they have migrated ceremony 7ser'e-mo-n71 formal act chafe 7chaf7 rub1 trying to get through chagrin 7sha-grin'71 annoyance chalcedony 7ka#a-sed'o-ni71 a beautiful1 very hard stone changeful ,april 7chanj'fool71 ,april has sudden changes of weather channel 7chan'el71 bed of the stream charger 7char'jer71 fine horse charm1 something with magic power chastened 7chas'nd71 with a softer light ,cheemaun 7che-mon'7 cheering power of spring1 how spring makes one glad cherished 7cher'isht71 lovingly cared for cherished possessions 7cher'isht po-zesh'unz71 dearest things he had ,chibiabos 7chib-i-a'bos7 chieftain 7chef'tin71 one1 who gave orders chimney 7chim'ni7 chore 7chor71 light task christening 7kris'n-ing71 naming ciphering 7si'fr-ing71 working examples curcuit 7sur'kit71 round-about trip circumference 7ser-kum'fer-ens71 distance around the edge of a circle clamber 7klam'br71 climb clapboard 7klap'bord71 narrow board clatter1 rattling noise clearings1 ground where the trees have been cut cleft the bark asunder 7a-sun'der71 split the bark clogging 7klog'ing71 hindering close couching 7kouch'ing71 crouching so as to be hidden close the seams together1 make the cracks tight cloud-rack of a tempest1 flying1 broken clouds after a storm coffers 7kof'ers71 treasure chests ,cogia ,houssam 7ko'gya hoo'sam7 collected 7ko-lekt'ed71 thoughtful collected her thoughts 7ko-lekt'ed71 thought quickly combine 7kom-bin'71 form themselves come what may1 no matter what happens ,commander of the ,faithful 7ko-man'der2 fath'fol71 leader of those true to the ,mohammedan religion4 ,the title is given to the ,caliphs commanding lookout 7ko-mand'ing look'out'71 place from which the surrounding neighborhood can be seen commission 7ko-mish'un71 thing to be done comparatively a new affair 7kom-par'a-tiv-li2 a-far'71 a world that had been made only a short time composure 7kom-po'zhur71 calmness comrades 7kom'radz71 mates concealed 7kon-seld'71 hidden confident mood 7kon'fi-dent mood71 feeling sure ,i could do it confounded with astonishment 7kon-found'ed2 as-ton'ish-ment71 so surprised that they could not think confused 7kon-fuzd'71 bothered conjoined of them all 7kon-joind'71 made of all together connected with himself 7ko-nekt'ed71 have reference to him conscious 7kon'shus71 aware consequence 7kon'se-kwens71 result consideration 7kon-sid'er-a'shun71 reason constant 7kon'stant71 regular constellation 7kon'ste-la'shun71 a group of stars constituting 7kon'sti-tut'ing71 making up consul 7kon'sul71 one who lives in a foreign country to look after the business interests of his own country there contemptible 7kon-temp'ti-b'#a71 mean contracts 7kon-trakts'71 makes contrivance 7kon-triv'ans71 device contrived 7kon-trivd'71 made contrive to bury 7kon-triv'2 ber'i71 manage to bury conveyed 7kon-vad'71 given over coppers 7kop'erz71 pennies cord1 string of the bow cornice 7kor'nis71 high molding around the walls corporeal sensations 7kor-po're-al sen-sa'shunz71 coarse pleasures corpse 7korps71 dead body corselet 7kors'#a;et71 armor for the body council of war 7koun'sil71 meeting to make plans counsels 7koun'selz71 advice count all your boasts1 even though you present your many charms count like misers 7mi'zerz71 count as lovingly as do misers their money county town1 town where the business of the county 7holding court1 paying taxes1 etc471 is carried on coursers 7kor'serz71 swift horses2 here reindeer courteous 7kur'te-us71 polite court favor 7kort fa'ver71 good will of the ruler or other high personage courtiers 7kort'yerz71 those in attendance at the court of a ruler cover 7kuv'er71 underbrush large enough to hide behind cowering 7kou'er-ing71 hovering creation 7kre-a'shun71 the world crestfallen 7krest'fol'n71 cast down cresting the billows 7krest'ing2 bi#a'oz71 adorning the top of the waves crevice 7krev'is71 crack crew of gypsies1 band of ragamuffins cross-brace1 the piece of wood between the plow handles crown of his desire1 thing he wanted most cruel mortification 7kroo'el mor'ti-fi-ka'shun71 very great annoyance cruise 7krooz71 trip in a boat cunning 7kun'ing71 tricky cunningly made1 skillfully made cupboard 7kub'erd71 a closet for dishes curmudgeon 7kur-muj'un71 miser curtsy 7kurt'si71 bow cymbals 7sim'balz71 pair of brass half globes clashed together to produce a ringing sound ,dacotahs 7da-ko'taz71 ,sioux 7,soo7 ,daedalus of yore 7ded'a-lus7 ,daedalus of olden time4 ,the story is that he escaped from prison by flying with wings he had made dames1 married women ,darius 7da-ri'us7 daunted 7dant'ed71 frightened dawn1 daybreak daybeds1 resting places in daytime deathless fame 7deth'les71 lasting glory deck her bosom 7booz'um71 trim the front of the canoe deems 7demz71 thinks deer-skin dressed and whitened1 skins of deer1 which had been cleaned1 smoothed1 and bleached defile 7de-fi#a'71 narrow pass defunct tenant 7de-funkt' ten'ant71 man who formerly lived there but is dead dejected 7de-jekt'ed71 downhearted delicate crafts employ 7del'i-kat71 use your skill in cooking dell1 small valley deposited 7de-poz'it-ed71 put away derision 7de-rizh'un71 mockery desert 7dez'ert71 uninhabited by man design 7de-zin'71 plan desolation 7des'o-la'shun71 ruin despair 7de-spair'71 hopelessness desperate 7des'per-at71 hopeless dessert 7de-zurt'71 fruit1 pastry1 etc41 served at the close of a meal destined to be let loose 7des'tind71 fated to be free diamond 7di'a-mund71 precious stone diminished 7di-min'isht72 made less diminutive 7di-min'u-tiv71 tiny directly 7di-rekt'li71 at once disaster 7diz-as'ter71 great trouble discloses 7dis-kloz'ez71 lets be seen discover 7dis-kuv'er71 find out dismounted 7dis-moun'ted71 threw down off its mountings disputed 7dis-put'id71 argued2 talked each against the others disquietude 7dis-kwi'e-tud71 uneasiness dissuading 7di-swad'ing71 advising away from distant days that shall be1 time to come but still far-off diversified 7di-vur'si-fid71 made to have a look of variety docile 7dos'il71 gentle down of a thistle 7this'l71 lightest thing you can think of down timber 7tim'ber71 fallen trees dowry 7dou'ri71 gift of a man to his bride draft 7draft71 one drink dread silence reposes 7dred si'lens re-poz'ez71 sleeps quietly1 so we fear it dreamy recollection 7rek'o'lek'shun71 faint memory drink your health1 wish you good health when beginning to drink1 usually at a meal driven 7driv'en71 blown before the wind droll 7drol71 laughable drooping 7droop'ing71 with hanging heads droop o'er the sod1 hang over a grave drought 7drout71 lack of rain drowned 7dround7 dry and dumb 7dum71 dried up and still because there is no water to ripple ducat 7duk'at71 old gold coin 7#b4bh7 dungeon 7dun'jun71 underground prison ,duquesne 7doo-kan'7 dusk'y pods 7dus'ki71 dark-colored seed vessels duty holds him fast 7du'ti71 he knows he ought to stay each in its turn the sway1 one after the other ruled eager hand 7e'ger71 hand that could hardly wait earth-bound ties1 roots which hold it in the ground ear'th'en 7ur'th'n71 earthenware earth was young1 world had not long existed ,eastern lands1 ,asia and ,africa eaves 7evz71 edges of the roof which overhang the walls slightly echo 7k'71 say over again echoing corridor 7ek'o-ing kor'i-dor71 long1 empty hall in which they could hear their own footsteps ell 7el71 forty-five inches enchantment 7en-chant'ment71 magic en-circled 7en-sur'kl'd71 wound around en-counter 7en-koun'ter71 meeting engines 7en'jinz71 implements enterprise 7en'ter-priz71 undertaking2 willingness to try different things epidemic 7ep'i-dem'ik71 a disease which one person takes from another ,epimetheus 7ep'i-me'thus7 equipage 7ek'wi-paj71 horses and carriage ere 7ar71 before esteem 7,ls-tm'71 good opinion evaporated 7e-vap'o-rat-ed71 passed away from me ever-officious ,tonish 7o-fish'us ton'ish71 ,tonish1 who was always doing too much every part has a voice 7ev'er-i71 each stripe and star means something evident intention 7ev'i-dent in-ten'shun71 plain purpose ,ewayea 7e-wa-ya'71 a lullaby exaggerations 7eg-zaj'er-a'shunz71 overstatements excess 7ek-ses'71 too much exile 7ek'sil71 one away from home explore 7eks-plor'71 examine thoroughly expound 7eks-pound'71 explain express consent 7eks-pres' kon-sent'71 especial permission being given extending themselves 7eks-tend'ing71 spreading out so as to be at a distance from each other extinguish 7eks-ting'gwish71 put out extraordinary 7eks-tror'di-na-ri71 surprising2 unusual exulted 7eg-zult'ed71 was glad exulting1 glean 7eg-zult'ing glen71 rejoicing1 harvest eyeglass of dew 7i'glas'2 du71 a dew-drop fading1 losing the original color fail of the fruits1 have not the fruits faint shadow of a trouble1 only a hint of unhappiness fair voyage 7voi'aj71 trip without severe storms or accidents fallow 7fa#a'o71 pale yellow ,falls of ,minnehaha 7min'e-ha'ha71 a waterfall near ,minneapolis false estimates 7fols es'ti-mats71 wrong judgment faltering 7fol'ter-ing71 stopping fame1 being known everywhere fame so becoming to you 7be-kum'ing71 glory that suits you so well famous roebuck 7ro'buk71 fine1 big deer fantastic forms 7fan-tas'tik71 strange shapes fashioned 7fash'und71 shaped2 made fashioned flutes 7fash'und71 made pipes from which he blew music fast in my fortress 7for'tres71 held firmly by my love4 fatal 7fa'tal71 destructive fatigue 7fa-teg'71 weariness favorable gale 7fa'ver-a-b'l gal71 wind blowing in the direction he wished to sail feasting his eyes1 enjoying looking at features and tokens 7fe'turz2 to'k'nz71 parts of the face1 and expression feeling but one heart-beat1 all having the same feelings and wishes feet unwilling1 moving slowly without interest fenlands 7fen'landz'71 swamps fervently 7fur'vent-li71 warmly feuds 7few-dz71 quarrels fevered mart 7fev'erd mart71 market place full of excitement fib'rous 7fi'brus71 made of fibers2 strong filled the night1 made it all light fissure 7fish'ur71 narrow crack fitfully blows 7fit'fool-li71 blows and then stops fit to be made a tool of1 suitable to be deceived by flattery to do the work of others flags1 long1 narrow leaves of a plant flanking parties1 riders who were going to stand at the sides flaunt 7flant71 make a great showing of flaunting 7flant'ing71 waving flaunting nigh 7falnt'ing al71 making a great show near them flecked with leafy light1 spotted with sunlight shining through the trees fleck its lonely spread 7flek71 show as a dark spot against the great stretch of grass flesh creeps1 shudder with horror flexibility 7flek'si-bil'i-ti71 ability to be bent flight of song1 where a song goes flitting 7flit'ing71 flying about flow in music1 glide along so as to make pleasant sounds flow'ry dells1 little valleys with flowers in them flutter 7flut'er71 are in motion foliage 7fo'li-aj71 leafy plants folly laughs to scorn 7fol'i lafs to skorn71 one who is foolish makes fun of fond1 loving forbear 7for-bear'71 keep from forbear thy stroke 7for-bear'71 do not chop it down forbidding further passage 7for-bid'ing fur'ther pas'aj71 keeping them from going on forbore 7for-bor'71 held back ford1 a shallow place where the soldier could cross without a bridge forefather 7for'fath'er71 ancestor forehead 7for'ed71 upper part of the face forest-fighters 7for-est-fit'erz71 men used to fighting among trees forest's life was in it1 it was made from the trees and seemed alive like them forever and a day1 for all time for-lore' 7for-lorn'71 poor and lonely former state1 condition it had been in formidable 7for'mi-da-b'l71 dreadful fortnight 7fort'nit71 two weeks foul footsteps pollution 7po-#au'shun71 dishonor of the country1 caused by an enemy being in it fowling piece1 gun for shooting birds fragments 7frag'ments71 scraps fragrant 7fra'grant71 sweet-smelling frame of mind1 feeling this way franchise of this good people 7fran'chiz71 vote of the men of this colony freight'ing 7fra'ting71 burden freight it with 7frat71 load the boat with frenzy 7fren'zi71 joyous madness frequented 7fre-kwent'ed71 visited fretted1 tired2 teased frigate 7frig'at71 light1 sailing warship fringed with trees1 with a thin line of trees along it frol'ic 7frol'ik71 play frolic chase1 game of running after each other frosted 7frost'ed71 frostbitten1 and1 as a result1 loosened frothy 7froth'i71 having bubbles frowning pine forest 7froun'ing pin for'est71 dark evergreen forest fugitives 7fu'ji-tivz71 horses which were trying to escape full glory reflected 7re-flekt'ed71 with all its colors showing full of invention 7in-ven'shun71 good at thinking up plans furrows 7fur'oz71 shallow trenches made by the plow furze 7furz71 an evergreen shrub with yellow flowers gainsaid 7gan'sed'71 changed gallantly 7gal'ant-li71 bravely gallantly streaming 7gal'ant-li strem'ing71 bravely flying gaunt 7glint71 thin from1 hunger gauze 7goz71 thin1 transparent stuff gave me a good character 7kar'ak- said ,i was a reliable man gave myself up for lost1 stopped having any hope of being saved genial 7je'ni-al71 favorable to growth genial hour 7je'ni-al71 pleasant spring time genius 7jen'yus71 a person who can do more or better than ordinary people ,genius 7jen'yus71 a powerful spirit gentian 7jen'shan71 a beautiful flowering plant1 usually blue gesture 7jes'tur71 motion ghastly spectacle 7gast'li spec'ta- horrible sight gigantic 7ji-gan'tik71 very large gilt1 gold-plated metal gimlet 7gim'let71 tool which bores small holes as it is turned ,gitche ,gum'ee 7gi'che ,,ow71 ,lake ,superior gitche ,manito 7gi'che man'i-to71 ,great ,spirit give back the cry1 answer give me thought for thought1 tell me his ideas and listen to mine glade 7glad71 an open1 grassy space in a wood gladness breathes1 joy seems to come gleaming 7glem'ing71 light glean1 gather glens1 little valleys dimmer 7glim'er71 gleam glimmering o'er 7glim'er-ing71 shining brightly over corn and people glittering 7glit'er-ing71 shining glorified the hill 7glo'ri-fid71 sent beautiful rays of light upon the hill glory fell chastened 7chas'nd71 his light at the height of its brightness cast but a soft light glossy 7glos'i71 shining gold'en ears before 7gol'd'n71 yellow ears of corn taken from their husks and piled in front of the huskers goodly root 7good'li root71 the much prized potato gophers 7go'ferz71 ground-squirrels gorgeous 7gor'jus71 magnificent2 beautiful gossip of swallows1 bird-notes that sound like chatter go the entire round1 make the furrow around the field ,governer 7guv'er-ner71 the chief man of the colony gracious-ly 7gra'shus-li71 with kind courtesy ,granada 7gra-na'da7 granaried harvest 7gran'a-rid71 grain and vegetables stored for the winter gratifying his utmost wishes 7grat'i-fy-ing71 giving him anything he might wish for grave 7grav71 serious-looking gray of the morning1 faint light before the sun is up greatest disquietude 7dis-kwe'e-tood71 worst trouble ,great ,spirit1 ,god grievously 7grev'us-li71 painfully grim1 stern2 unyielding grimace 7gri-mas'71 made-up face griping landlord 7grip'ing71 stingy man who rents houses for high rent grope 7grop71 feel without seeing grow into tangles 7tang'g'lz71 grow wild as in the woods or fields guard thy repose 7gard2 re-poz'71 protect you while you sleep guidance 7gid'ans7 showing him the right course to take guided of my counsel 7gid'ed2 koun'-sul71 take my advice guiding lines 7gid'ing71 reins by which horses are driven guileless 7gil'les71 pure in heart guinea 7gin'i71 ,english coin 7#e4aa7 gullies 7gul'iz71 small valleys dug out by water gushing 7gush'ing71 freely flowing habitable 7hab'it-a-b'l71 fit to live in had occasion to go out 7o-ka'zhun71 needed to go somewhere in the town hailed his coming1 called out gladly when they saw him half-faced camp1 shack with three walls and one open side half-section of unfenced sod1 #cbj acres of unbroken ground with no fence hallooed 7ha-lood'71 shouted halloo hallow us there 7ha#a'o71 give us a feeling at home as of sacred things hamlet without name 7ham'let71 few houses near together1 but not called a town hampers 7ham'perz71 woven baskets handiwork 7han'di-wurk'71 what ,i make handkerchiefs 7hang'ker-chifs7 hand of art1 tasteful plan happily arranged1 growing in pretty clumps hardy gift 7har'di71 fruit of the sturdy plant which is given by the earth harrowing additions 7har'o-ing a-dish'unz71 things added that are painful to hear hart 7hart71 male red deer ,harunal-,rashid' 7ha-roon'-ar-ra-shed'71 ,caliph of ,bagdad harvest 7har'vest71 dry seeds has an ax to grind1 wants someone to do some hard work without pay hate is shadow1 feelings of dislike darken everything haughty 7ho'ti71 proud haunches 7hanch'ez71 hind legs haunt 7hint71 come back again and again haunts 7hants71 places where one loves to go often haunts of ,nature 7na'tur71 out-of-doors havoc of war 7hav'ok71 ruin caused by fighting hawk-eyed eagerness 7hok-id e'ger-nes71 watching impatiently and with the sharpness of a hawk hearken 7har'ken71 listen hearthrug 7harth'rug71 rug in front of the fireplace heart outran his footsteps1 wanted to be there before he was hearts-ease1 comfort in trouble hearts right hand of friendship1 a greeting that shows we feel friendly heartstrings1 love heath 7heth71 land covered with heather1 which has a purple blossom heav'n-rescued land 7hev'n-res'kud71 country saved by ,god heavy-rolling flight1 running with a rocking movement from side to side heir 7ar71 one who takes the property of another after he is through with it helm 7helm71 helmet1 a protection for the head2 the machinery that steers the ship he must be cold1 he lacks feeling herb'age 7ur'baj71 grass and other plants eaten by grazing animals here1 on earth heroic blood 7he-ro'ik71 descended from brave men hewed 7hud71 chopped ,hiawatha 7hi-a-wath'a7 hidden silk has spun 7hid'n71 threads of down in the pod that resemble those which the silkworm spins hideous 7hid'e-us71 horrible-looking hie 7hi71 go2 take high relief 7re-lef'7 carved so that the features stood up from the box hireling 7hir'ling71 paid soldier his proper sphere 7prop'er sfer71 his own place his reverence 7rev'er-ens71 the minister hither 7hith'er71 here hoard 7hord71 supply of provisions hoary 7hor'i71 old and gray hold 7hold71 lower part of a ship1 where cargo is stored hollows that rustle between' 7hol'oz2 rus'l be-twen'71 low1 quiet places between large1 noisily-roiling waves home-brew served for wine1 home-made drinks were used instead of wine homely old adage 7hom'li2 ad'aj71 common saying hoodwinked1 blindfolded horror 7hor'er71 great fear horror of my situation 7hor'er2 sit'u-a'shun71 great danger of the place ,i was in horseplay1 rude play or jokes host 7host71 great number hotly pressed1 closely followed hovel 7hov'r#a71 small1 poor house hovered 7hub'erd71 fluttered huddled 7hud'ld71 crowded hue 7hu71 color hues of summer's rainbow 7huz71 colors in the rainbow in summer human 7hu'man71 exactly like man ,humber 7hum'ber71 a river in northeastern ,england humble 7hum'b'l71 lowly2 not proud humor 7hu'mer71 temper humor better suited to his own 7hu'-mer71 more like his hurrah 7hoo-ra'71 a word used as a shout of joy hurricane 7hur'i-kan71 great storm hush of woods1 quiet of the forest ,iagoo 7e-a'goo7 ,icarus 7ik'a-rus71 the son of ,daedalus--which 99see99 ideas 7i-de'az7 thoughts idle1 golden freighting 7fra'ting71 burden of golden-colored autumn leaves if to windward1 if the hunter is in the direction from which the wind blows imaginable 7i-maj'i-na-b'l71 ,i could think of2 possible immortal in their childhood 7i-mor'-tal71 so placed that they would never grow any older ,imperial 7im-pe'ri-al71 royal imperious 7im-pe'ri-us71 demanding much implement 7im'ple-ment71 tool imply a share of reason 7im-pli'2 re'-z'n71 suggest some power to think impression continuing 7im-presh'-un kon-tin'u-ing71 the effect remaining inability 7in-a-bil'i-ti71 that you cannot incalculable 7in-kal'ku-la-b'l71 cannot be counted incapable 7in-ka'pa-b'l71 not able incline 7in-klin'71 slope in darker fortunes tried 7for'tunz71 they had when they were poor indifference 7in-dif'er-ens71 not caring indigestible 7in'di-jes'ti-b'l71 impossible to digest indignation 7in'dig-na'shun71 anger against what is wrong induce 7in-dus'71 cause indulge it to the utmost 7in-dulj'2 ut'most71 be as cross as be could infinite 7in'fi-nit71 everlasting infinitely 7in'fi-nit-li71 much more ingenious 7in-jan'ys71 clever inhaling 7in-hal'ing71 smelling inheritance 7in-har'i-tans71 a gift from our ancestors initial mound 7in-ish'al71 first furrow around the field inquries 7in-kwir'iz71 questioning in such wise1 so fiercely intelligent 7in-tel'i-jent71 clever intent upon 7in-tent'71 interested in interminable forests 7in-tur'mi-na-b'l71 woods that seemed endless interrupt his lay 7in'te-rupt'71 stop his song in the largest sense1 in the broadest meaning intimate association 7in'ti-mat a-so'si-a'shun71 close companionship intolerable 7in-tol'er-a-b'l71 unbearable intruder 7in-troo'der71 an uninvited guest invention 7in-ven'shun71 schemes ,islands of the ,blessed 7i'landz2 bles'-ed71 in mythology1 islands where people lived happily1 after death isles 7ilz71 islands jasper 7jas'per71 a dark1 hard stone jaunty 7jan'ti71 gay and easy jet1 black jib 7jib71 swing around joined to such folly 7fol'i71 a partner in such foolishness joyance 7joi'ans71 happiness judgment 7juj'ment71 idea2 opinion ,justiciar 7jus-tish'i-ar71 chief judge justs_/jousts 7justs71 mock fights between knights on horseback ,kagh 7kag71 the hedgehog keel 7kel71 bottom of a ship keep1 support kept1 made to go on khan 7kan71 an unfurnished building for the use of traveling traders ,king's ,council 7koun'sil71 men who met with the ,king to advise him kissed into green 7kist71 changed to green when touched by the sun's rays knight 7nit71 in ,great ,britain1 a man with the title ,sir knights of old 7nits71 men of olden times who went about doing brave deeds knoll 7nol71 a little round hill knows full well1 knows very well ,kwansind 7ksa'sind7 lady1 the wife of a knight lamentable 7lam'n-ta-b'l71 distressed lamentable tone1 sad voice languidly 7lang'gwid-li71 carelessly lank 7lank71 thin lapsed 7lapst71 slipped larch 7larch71 tree which looks like an evergreen but sheds its needles lariat 7lar'i-at71 long rope with running noose laudable 7lod'a-b'l71 praiseworthy laughing 7laf'ing7 launch 7lanch71 get it afloat lavish horn 7lav'ish71 overflowing horn2 from the mythological story of the horn that could become filled with whatever its possessor desired lea 7le71 ground covered with grass league 7lee-g71 about three miles learned 7lur'ned71 highly educated learning 7lurn'ing71 knowledge leave unmoved 7un-moovd'71 unharmed lee of the land1 shelter of the shore legends 7lef'endz71 old stories only partly true lei'sure 7le'zhur71 time to do what he wished levee 7lev-e'71 reception given by a ruler or his representative liege 7lej71 having the right to claim service light and boon1 bright and pleasant lightsome 7lit'sum71 cheery life a ,turk1 as people do in ,turkey ,lilliput 7lil'i-put7 ,lilliputians 7lil'i-pu'shanz7 limes 7limz71 fruit like lemons1 but smaller and more sour linden 7lin'den71 made from basswood listless 7list'les71 caring about nothing livelihood 7liv'li-hood71 living livelong 7liv'long'71 whole loam 7lam71 earth lone 7lon71 lonely lone post of death1 place where he must die alone looked westerly 7wes'ter-li71 turned toward the west1 the direction in which the wind was blowing before it stopped loosed 7loost71 set free lost their labor1 got no good from the work they had done lovely tokens 7luv'li to'k'nz71 beautiful signs lower 7lo-ur71 darken lowly thatched cottage1 small one-story house with roof of straw lozenge 7loz'enj71 a tablet of medicine lust1 strong wish luster of midday 7lus'ter2 mid'da71 light bright as at noon lustrous 7lus'trus71 radiant lusty rogue 7lus'ti rog71 lively little rascal magic arts 7maj'ik71 power over spirits magician 7ma-jish'an71 one who uses magic arts magic his singing 7maj'ik71 charming way he sang magnificence 7mag'nif'i-sens71 grandeur ,maharaja 7ma-ha-ra'ja71 title of the principal ,hindu chief ,mahngotaysee 7man-go'ta'se71 brave maintain 7man-tan'71 keep make amends to the human race 7a-mendz'71 make up to people everywhere make a stand1 hold out against2 fight man-builded today1 built by people now maneuver 7ma-noo'var71 planned movement of a large number man of might1 strong1 important man man's dominion 7do-min'yun71 for the use of people mansion 7man'shun71 large and handsome residence many a happy return1 many more mariners 7mar'i-nerz71 sailors marred 7mard71 spoiled marred the whole scene 7mard7 spoiled the effect planned marvel 7mar'vel71 wonderful thing marveled 7mar'veld71 wondered ,massasoit 7mas'a-soit'7 match1 able to win against matchless1 having no equal matrons 7ma'trunz71 married women mayhap1 maybe maze 7maz71 confusing number of paths which cross meads 7medz71 meadows measures 7mezh'urz71 melodies meditated 7med'i-tat'ed71 thought meeting-house1 church melancholy 7mel'an-kol-i71 sad melted them to pity1 softened their feelings so they were filled with gentle thoughts merchandise 7mur'chan-diz71 goods merchant-man 7mur'chant-man71 a trading vessel merest 7mer'est71 simplest merry 7mer'i71 joyous metallic 7me-tal'ik71 of metal metal true1 really good iron methinks 7me-thinks'71 it seems to me ,midas 7mi'das7 milder glory shone 7mil'der71 a softer and paler glow cast its light mildew 7mil'du71 mold2 rust mingled into one 7ming'g'ld71 so united that one could not be distinguished from the other miniature 7min'i-a-tur71 very small ,minnehaha 7min'e-ha'ha7 ,minnewawa 7min'e-wa'wa7 mirthful to excess 7murth'fool2 ek-ses'71 too gay mischievious 7mis'chi-vus71 fun-loving misdoings 7mis-doo'ingz71 wrong acts mission 7mish'un71 errand mists of the deep1 fog over the water moccasins of magic 7mok'a-sinz71 charmed shoes moderation 7mod'er-a'shun71 fair way modest bell1 bell-shaped flower that hangs over molder in dust away 7mol'der71 lose their form and become earth again molested 7mo-lest'ed71 troubled molten 7mol't'n71 melted monarch 7mon'ark71 ruler ,monongahela 7mo-non'ga-he'la71 river in ,pennsylvania ,monsieur 7me-syur'71 ,french for ,mr4 moor sandy1 wet ground more enterprise 7en'ter-priz71 willingness to try to do things ,morgiana 7mor'gi-a'na7 mortal 7mor'tal71 human mortal enemy 7mor'tal en'e-me71 man who hates you so much he would like to kill you mortal fear1 greatest fear mortal-ly 7mor'tal-i71 so as to cause death mosques 7mosks71 places of worship in ,mohammedan countries moss 7mos71 a tiny grasslike plant1 very soft moss-green trees1 trees with trunks covered by green moss mount to the sky1 fly out of sight mow 7mo2 here1 mo for rime7 much amiss 7a-mis'71 very wrong much contriving 7con-triv'ing71 making great plans much frequented 7fre-kwent'ed71 often visited much inclined 7in-klind'71 having a great liking for ,mudwayaushka 7mud'way-oush'ka7 multiply his heaps1 make his piles many times greater mummies 7mum'iz71 dead bodies which have been preserved in a dried state2 here1 persons whose minds are dry and not open to new ideas ,munchausen 7mun-cho'zen71 a teller of extravagant tales ,musketaquid 7mus-ket'a-kwid7 ,muskoday 7musk'o-day7 mute 7m-yut71 voiceless2 quiet muttering1 saying in a low tone muzzle 7muz'l71 nose and1mouth my design 7de-zin'71 my plan mysterious 7mis-te'ri-us71 puzzling mystic splendors 7mis'tik splen'-derz71 magic brightness naked sword 7nay'kd sord71 sword without a sheath narrow bound1 thin wall keeping them out national constellation 7nash'un-al kon'ste-la'shun71 group of stars belonging to the nation native language 7na'tiv lang'gwaj71 way that is natural to them natural death 7nat'u-ral71 died without being killed naught 7not71 nothing navigate the azure 7nav'i-gay-t2 az'-ur71 sail through the sky ,nawadaha 7na'wa-da'ha7 near his cot1 not far from his cottage neither 7ne'ther7 neither willing nor reluctant 7ne'-ther re-luk'tant71 not showing whether she wanted to go or stay nephew 7nef'u71 the son of a brother or sister nicest goldsmith1 most skillful worker in gold niche 7nich71 small opening nimble 7nim'b'l71 quick to do things noble 7no'b'l71 coin worth about #a4fj2 man of high rank ,nokomis 7no-ko'mis7 nostrils 7nos'trilz71 the openings in the nose for breathing note if harm were near1 to see if there were any danger round about obliterated 7ob-lit'er-at'ed71 taken away obscure 7ob-skur'71 dark obscured their passage 7ob-skurd'2 pas'aj71 hid their line of movement observation 7ob'zer-vay'shun71 careful notice obstacle 7ob'sta-k'l71 something in the way obtained a foothold 7ob-tand'71 got a start occupied with her grief 7ok'u-pi-d71 full of sorrow o'cean's breast 7o'shanz brest71 calm surface of the sea ,o drug1 useless thing o'er-shadowed ,thanksgiving ,day 7or-shad'od71 brought up sad thoughts on the holiday o'er the combers 7or2 kom'erz71 over the long rolling waves of all degrees1 of all kinds1 large and small of a serious nature 7se'ri-us na'tur71 of a dangerous kind officially recognized 7o-fish'al-i rek'og-nizd71 known and stated ointment 7oint'ment71 precious salve ,ojibways 7o-jib'waz71 a tribe that lived just south of ,lake ,superior ooze and tangle 7ooz71 mud and roots oozing outward 7ooz'ing71 flowing from the tree ,opechee 7o-pech'e7 open-handedness1 generosity operations of the enemy 7op'er-shunz2 en'e-mi71 doings of those fighting against us oppression lifts its head 7o-presh'-shun71 people are treated unjustly original 7o-rij'i-nal71 first outlaw'1 one who breaks the laws and flees to escape punishment overcame this handicap 7han'di-kap71 got over this disadvantage ,owaissa 7o-was'a7 packet 7pak'et71 bundle pack train1 a number of animals carrying the supplies of the party pagans 7pa'ganz71 not ,christians painted pulpit 7pool'pit71 green and purple over-arching leaf of the jack-in-the-pulpit flower painted tribes of light1 gay1 bright flowers of spring painted white1 white-skinned1 like an ,indian's face covered with paint pale skies1 gray skies of early spring palfreys 7pol'friz71 saddle-horses palisades pine-trees 7pa#a';i-say-dz'71 tall pines1 standing like a wall on each bank palpitated 7pal'pi-tat'ed71 shook ,pandora 7pan-do'ra7 parched 7parcht71 dry parent 7par'ent71 the giver of life partake 7par-tak'7 share particularly 7par-tik'u-lar'li71 very partners 7part'nerz71 companions past will no longer be the past 7past71 things that happened long ago will seem as real as though going on now pathos 7pa'thos71 sad sweetness patient weathercocks 7pa' shent we'-ther-koks71 patient1 waiting for the wind to blow ,pauwating 7pa-wa'ting7 ,st4 ,mary's river1 joining ,lakes ,superior and ,huron pay my court 7kort71 show my respect by visiting you peace of mind1 calm thoughts with nothing to disturb them peasants 7pez'ants71 lowest class of people peer 7per7 peep cautiously pennon 7pen'un71 flag performing these good offices 7per-for'ing71 doing these kind acts perilous 7per'i-lus71 dangerous periodical 7pe'ri-od'i-kal71 printed matter1 in the form of a magazine1 published regularly 7not daily7 perplexity 7per-plek'si-ti71 difficulty persevered 7pur'se-verd'7 persisted perseveringly 7pur'se-ver'ing-li71 continually personage 7pur'sun-aj71 creature pest1 disease which kills pestered 7pes'terd71 annoyed pettishly 7pet'ish-li71 crossly pheasants 7fez'antz71 wild birds of delicious flavor phoebe 7fe'be71 a kind of bird phrase 7fray-z71 expression physical and moral courage 7fiz'i-kal2 mor'al kur'aj71 bravery of body and mind physique 7f-zk'71 build and health piece of cover 7kuv'er71 bit of underbrush large enough to hide behind pierce like a shaft 7pers2 shaft71 fly through like an arrow pine-clad hills1 hills covered with pine trees pinion 7pin'yun71 wing pitiable 7pit'i-a-b'l71 sad place of deposit 7de-poz'it71 keeping place plagued the realm 7plagd2 relm71 made trouble in the country plague the ,abbot 7plag71 annoy the ,abbot plaiting 7plat'ing71 braiding ,plantagenets 7plan-taj-e-nets71 the ,english ,kings from #aaed to #adhe plenty1 enough of everything pliant as a wand 7pli'ant2 wond71 as easily moved as a willow twig is bent plow had violated 7vi'o-lat-ed71 had been turned up by the plow1 and thus spoiled for the small owners plowshare' 7plou'shar'71 blade of the plow2 part which turns up the earth plundered store 7plun'derd71 goods he had taken by force ,poet ,laureate 7lo're-at71 poet chosen by the ,king to write on great events of the nation point to windward 7wind'werd71 turn in the direction from which the wind came poised it in the air 7poizd71 held it high political bustles 7po-lit'i-kal bus'-lz71 activities of politics pollution 7po-lu'shun71 soiling and making impure pomp 7pomp71 show ponder 7pon'der71 think pondering much1 thinking things over ponderous 7pon'der-us71 heavy ,ponemah 7po-ne'ma7 poniard 7pon'yard71 dagger porcelain 7por'se-lan71 fine white ware possessed authority 7po-zest' o-thor'i-ti71 knew how to control power of prophecy 7prof'e-si71 ability to foretell events practice decency 7prak'tis de'sen-si71 do the right thing every time prattle 7prat'l71 child's talk presence 7prez'ens71 being there presently 7prez'ent-li71 soon prevent 7pre-vent'71 keep from ,prideaux 7pre-do'7 pried into 7prid71 tried to pull apart prig1 one who thinks himself good prime 7pri-m71 best princely 7prins'li71 like a prince proclaim 7pro-klam'71 show profusion of flowers 7pro-fu'zhun71 great many flowers projected 7pro-jekt'ed71 extended proudly we hailed1 looked at with pride and joy province 7prov'ins71 one of the divisions of certain countries prudence 7proo'dens71 wisdom2 sense psalm 7salm71 sacred song publican 7pub'li-kan71 tax gatherer pull fodder 7fod'er71 pull up cornstalks by the roots pulp1 wet mixture of which paper is made pumpkin 7pump'kin7 purpose 7pur'pus71 object2 work pursuit 7pur-sut'71 chase put me in mind1 suggested to me quail 7kway'-l71 the bobwhite quirk 7kwurk71 turn quoit 7kwoit71 ring quoth 7kwoth71 said radiance 7ra'di-ans71 brilliance radiant 7ra'di-ant71 beaming raid 7ray-d71 attack made to get something ramparts 7ram'parts71 protecting walls for defense rangers 7ran'jerz71 men who live on the range or prairie rapturous 7rap'tur-us71 very happy rarities 7rar'i-tiz71 rare and precious things ravenous 7rav'n-us71 very great rayless disk of red1 flat1 burning circle1 not seeming to throw off any rays of light reappeared 7re'a-perd'71 came in sight again rear 7rer71 raise rearing 7rer'ing71 standing on her hind legs recalling 7re-kol'ing71 remembering received in trust 7re-sevd'71 taken1 to protect honorably reckless 7rek'les71 careless recognized 7rek'og-nizd71 saw recoil 7re-koil'71 rebound recovering himself 7re-kuv'er-ing71 coming back to his natural state of mind red-coats1 ,british soldiers1 so called because of their red uniforms redeem them 7re-dem'71 buy them back redoubled 7re-dub'ld71 repeated reeds1 large tall swamp grasses reenforcing 7re'en-fors'ing71 covering again reflected 7re-flekt'ed71 thought regions of the morning 7re'junz71 place where the sun rises2 the ,east regular order 7reg'-u-lar or'der71 in straight lines1 one behind the other related 7re-lat'ed71 told relaxed 7re-lakst'71 loosened2 let go ,reldresal 7rel'dre-sal7 remnant 7rem'nant71 few that are left remotest corner of ,africa 7re-mot'-est71 part of ,africa the farthest away render 7ren'der71 give back renown 7re-noun'71 fame repaired to her house 7re-pard'71 went to her house repair the mischief 7re-par'2 mis'-chif71 make up for the harm repast 7re-past'71 feast repelling 7re-pel'ing71 driving back repentance 7re-pen'tans71 regret resembles 7re-zem'b'lz71 is like resin 7rez'in71 dried sap resolutely 7rez'o-lut-li71 determinedly resoled 7re-zolvd'71 with his mind firmly made up resplendent 7re-splend'ent71 shining brightly restore 7re-stor'71 put back retired chamber 7re-tird' cham'ber71 room away from the main part of the house retreat 7re-tret'71 hiding place revels 7rev'els71 wild enjoyment reverberations 7re-ver'ber-a'-shunz71 echoes reverence 7rev'er-ens71 great respect richly decked 7dekt71 wearing beautiful and costly blankets and other decorations rich stuffs1 costly cloth of different kinds ridges1 raised lines of ground ridiculous 7re-dik'u-lus71 deserving to be laughed at rills1 little streams ring of the same1 sound of it ripened charge 7rip'end charj71 precious object in its keeping1 now ready for husking rippling 7rip'ling71 blowing in curves rival for one hour 7ri'val71 equal at the time of greatest beauty riveted 7riv'et-ed71 fastened by bending down the end riveted his at-ten'tion 7riv'et-ed2 a-ten'shn71 put all his thought roam 7rom71 wander robes of darkness1 blue-black foliage clothing it roc 7rok71 imaginary bird of great size roguishly defied 7ro'gish-li de-fid'71 resisted in a joking way ,roha 7ro'ha7 root 7root71 the potato rosy morn 7ro'zi morn71 reddish tint of the sky at sunrise round-tower of my heart1 safest place for a prisoner route 7root71 way ruefully 7roo'fool-i71 sadly rue the day 7roo71 regret what ,i had done that day rugged 7rug'ed71 uneven rugged vales be-stow' 7rug'ed vay'lz be-sto'71 rough valleys furnish ruined 7roo'ind71 destroyed ruminating 7roo'mi-nat'ing71 chewing their cuds run over with joy1 be wildly happy rushes1 coarse grasses russet 7rus'et71 reddish brown or reddish gray ,sachem 7sa'chem71 ,indian chief sacrificing 7sak'ri-fic'ing71 giving up sad sea wave1 ocean seeming sad because you are sad sage speeches 7say'j71 wise remarks saluted the company 7sa-lut'ed2 kum'pa-ni71 greeted those assembled sandal-wood 7san'dal-wood71 a highly prized1 fragrant ,asiatic wood from a tree of the same name sank deep into my mind1 made a lasting impression on me sate 7sat71 old spelling of satin satin burs 7sat'in71 prickly husks of chestnuts with their smooth1 soft lining satisfy his mind 7sat'is-fi71 find out what he wanted to know save1 except savory 7sa'ver-i71 pleasing to the smell scaled the wall 7skald71 got over the wall1 as soldiers climbed by ladders over the walls of an old-time city scars of all wars1 marks left from injuries got in fighting scope 7skop71 reach scorched 7skorcht71 heated until burned scoured the seas 7skourd71 hunted over the seas scour for spoils 7skour71 hunt for dainty foods scour'ing down the meadow 7skour'ing2 med'o71 sweeping over the grassland sear 7ser71 withered seaward glide 7se'werd glid71 flow toward the ocean ,sebowisha 7seb'o-wish'a7 secure him against evil 7se-kur'2 a-genst' e'v'l71 protect him from harm sedges 7sej'ez71 grasslike plants with tall heads of seeds seor 7se'nyor71 ,spanish for sir sense of elation 7e-la'shun71 feeling of joy sequin 7se'kwin71 a coin1 no longer in use1 worth about #hb4be serene of look and heart 7se-ren'71 with a calm face and mind service liketh us1 we like to serve sesame 7ses'a-me71 a kind of grain grown in the ,east and used for food severed 7sev'erd71 cut off ,severn 7sev'ern71 a river in southwestern ,england shadow of an infinite bliss 7in'fi-nit71 hint of happiness that cannot be measured shanty1 small1 unfinished house shaped them to a framework1 bent and fastened them to form the skeleton of the canoe share1 see plowshare sheath 7sheth71 put into its case sheaves 7shevz71 bundles of grain sheer into the river1 straight down into the water shiftless 7shift'les71 poorly kept shilling1 coin worth #j4bd shining land of ,wabun 7wa'bun71 bright light 7,wabun is the ,east ,wind7 shining shoulders1 bare1 wet shoulders glistening in the sun shipping1 passage on shipboard shirk 7shurk71 one who tries to get out of work shivering shock1 force that breaks its timbers shoal 7shol71 sandbar shoot a main1 have a match shot his shining quills1 cast off some of his smooth spines shoulder your matchlocks1 take your guns shroud1 rope of a ship shuttle 7shut'l71 tool used in weaving sieve 7siv71 a utensil for separating the coarse particles from the fine signify union 7sig'ni-fi un'yun71 mean joining sincerity 7sin-ser'ity71 honesty sinews 7sin'uz71 tough strips singing pine trees1 pines through which the wind blew with a pleasant sound singled out 7sing'g'ld71 chose sire 7sir71 father situation 7sit'u-a'shun71 state in which things were skillet 7skil'et71 frying pan skimming 7skim'ing71 flying so close as to brush the surface skirted 7skurt'ed71 walked along the edge of2 grew along the edge of skyward cast 7ski'werd71 hung high slab 7slab71 thick slice slaughtered 7slo'terd71 killed for food sledge 7slej71 a heavy hammer sleep shall be broken1 you will be awakened sleight-of-mouth tricks 7slit71 mysterious disappearanoes slow sloping to the night 7slop'ing71 sinking slowly in the ,west sluices 7sloos'ez71 gates to hold back the water smiling fields1 patches of grain growing well smirk 7smurk71 put-on smile smite the ore 7smit71 hammer the iron into shape smoldered 7smol'derd71 slowly burned ,soangetaha 7son'ge-ta'ha7 soaring 7sor'ing71 floating in the air sobered by his adventure 7so'berd2 ad-ven'tur71 made wise by his experience softly pictured wood 7soft'li pik'turd71 beautifully colored foliage showing up in soft tints solace 7soi'as71 comfort somber 7som'ber71 gloomy soothe1 comfort sore of heart1 weary and discouraged sorry pass1 sad state sound of their shock1 noise when they struck sovereign 7sov'er-in71 ruler spacious 7spa'shus71 large spake with naked hearts1 hid no secrets from each other spare yards1 extra poles used to support the sails spars 7sparz71 masts speaks sublimely 7sub-lym'li71 has a noble meaning specter-like figure 7spek'ter-lyk'71 person looking like a ghost spelled down1 beat in spelling sphere of gold 7sfer71 golden globe spikes1 large nails spire1 a slender rod1 or tower1 extend ins upward from the top of a build ins2 here1 for the weathercock spiritualizes 7spir'it-u-al-iz-ez71 purifies spirit was gradually subdued 7spir'it2 grad'u-al-li sub-dud'71 she was tamed splendor dazzles in vain 7splen'der71 bright show of glory does not tempt splendor wild 7splen'der71 light rising and falling spoils of forest free1 things that come from trees sported1 played spray 7spra71 twig sprites 7sprits71 fairies square heaven of blue1 blue part of the flag stalwart 7stol'wert71 brave stanch 7stanch71 faithful stanched 7stancht71 checked the bleeding from standing in for the shore1 coming toward the land stand you in yeoman's stead 7yo' manz sted71 be of help to you in your adventures star spangled1 sprinkled with stars state and person1 country and the man himself stately 7stat'li71 standing proudly stature 7stat'ur71 height stayed my walk1 stopped me stay surety 7shoor'ti71 be security stern1 the back part of a boat steward 7stu'erd71 man in charge of the food stick to your sphere 7sfer71 do the things you can do2 don't try to do those you can't stiff1 not to be bent or changed stifled murmur 7sti'f'ld mur'mur71 a low sound not easily heard stirred their souls to passion 7pash'un71 moved their deepest feelings store1 large amount storm still brave1 stand firm in a hard wind stoutest1 bravest stout fellow1 gay young man ,straits of ,gibraltar 7strats2 ji-brol'tar71 narrow waterway between ,spain and ,africa strength allied to goodness 7a-lid'71 bodily power added to virtues strewn 7stroon71 covered stricken 7strik'en71 frightened strife comes with manhood1 men have to fight stroked in ripples 7strokt2 rip'lz71 gently made into little folds stubble 7stub'l71 short stalks left in the ground after grain has been cut studied the situation 7stud'id2 sit'u-a'shun71 thought over the state in which things were sturdy 7stur'di71 strong2 firm sublimely 7sub-lim'li71 with great nobility and purity succeeded to the gloom 7suk-sed'ed2 gloom71 followed the cloudiness such an old mustache 7mus-tash'71 so fierce a soldier suitable to that character 7sut'a-b'l2 kar'ak-ter71 such as dancers wore ,sultan 7sul'tan71 title of the ruler in some ,asiatic countries summit of the ,cedar 7sum'it71 top of the tree summoned 7sum'mund71 called sun benignant 7be-nig'nant71 kindly sun sun is under the sea1 sun has set sunshine of sweet looks1 brightness of expression supple 7sup'l71 easily bent supported the dog's chances 7su-port'ed2 chans'ez71 said that the dog would succeed suppressed 7su-prest'71 kept down surety 7shoor'ti71 security surge's swell 7surj'ez71 waves of the rising sea surpassed 7sur-past'71 did better than swam 7swim7 sweeping westward1 moving swiftly toward the west sweetmeats1 candied fruits swell the merriment 7mer'i-ment71 make louder the sound of happy voices swept down into a valley1 sloped gradually to low land swerve 7swurv71 go crooked swoon 7swoon71 faint symbol 7sim'bol71 sign symbolizes 7sim'bol-iz-ez71 means tamarack 7tam'a-rak71 tree that looks like an evergreen but sheds its needles in winter tang to the spirit 7tang2 spir'it71 fancied taste ,taquamenaw 7ta'kwa-me'no71 river in ,michigan tarnished 7tar'nisht71 stained taught wisdom from the past1 having learned better things from what had happened before ,tawasentha 7ta'wa-sen'tha71 name of a valley in ,new ,york tawny 7ta'ni71 yellowish-brown tax1 a part of one's wealth given up by law to benefit the public tedious 7te'di-us71 tiresome terrace 7ter'as71 a raised level platform of earth text1 the subject of a talk theater 7the'a-ter71 building in which plays are acted their green resume 7re-zum'71 are again covered with grass the night is behind us1 night-time is almost here therefore 7thar'for71 for that reason thick zigzags 7zig'zagz'71 many paths running this way and that thinned to a thread1 grew so narrow she could barely be seen thongs 7thongz71 narrow strips of leather threshold 7thresh'old71 piece of timber under the door thrilled 7thrild71 filled with joy thunder halls 7thun'der holz71 far up1 where the thunder dwells thundering down the valley 7thun'der-ing2 val'i71 running along level ground with a noise like thunder thus accoutered 7a-koo'terd71 dressed in this way thus disposed 7dis-pozd'71 so arranged thwarted the wily savage 7thwort'ed2 wi'li71 fought against the tricks of the ,indians tinge 7tinj71 color2 tint tinkered 7tink'erd71 worked without knowing just how tiny 7ti'ni71 very small tipped with flint1 having points of flint1 the hardest kind of stone 'tis meet1 it is right tittered 7tit'erd71 laughed mockingly titter of winds1 merry sound of the breeze toil is the real play1 work is more fun than playing toil'some 7toil'sum71 hard tolerable 7tol'er-a-b'l71 bearable toll 7tol71 tax2 money took no toll 7tol71 did not rob them took shipping1 engaged passage on shipboard took to his revels 7rev'elz71 went on with his wild play tormentors 7tor-men'toerz71 flies which bit them tortured by their lances 7tor'turd71 in great pain from the sharp bites touchhole 7tuch'hol'71 the place where the powder was lighted tour 7toor71 trip tourneys 7toor'niz71 meetings where knights fought toward 7to'erd71 in the direction of towering steep 7tou'er-ing71 high slope towers 7tou'erz71 high parts of the castle tracker 7trak'er71 one who traces the path an animal has taken trade winds1 winds which always blow in the same direction tradition 7tra-dish'un71 story handed down traffic 7traf'ik71 business train1 those in a company tranquil 7tran'kwil71 motionless because there was no wind transparent 7trans-par'ent71 able to be seen through transport 7trans'port71 great excitement transport 7trans-port'71 to remove traveling schoolmaster 7trav'el-ing71 teacher who went from one place to another treason 7tre'z'n71 attempt to injure the government tribes of men might prosper1 all nations might live in better ways trickling 7trik'ling71 of water running in a small stream trims1 smooths neatly triumph 7tri'umf71 victory triumphant 7tri-um'fant71 glad of success trophy 7tro'fi71 prize troubled spirit 7trub'ld spir'it71 soul of the dead man which cannot rest tryst 7tryst71 meeting place turban 7tur'ban71 headdress worn in ,mohammedan countries1 a cap with a sash or scarf wound about it turquoise 7tur'koiz71 a precious blue stone turret 7tur'et71 a small tower tusks 7tusks71 large1 projecting teeth twining 7twyn'ing71 creeping up and winding about twinkle of its candle1 little glow like that from a candle twinkling1 moment tyrant would be lord 7ti'rant71 cruel master would rule everything unaccustomed to vexations 7un'a-kus'tumd2 vek-sa'shunz71 not used to any sort of bothers unanimously elected 7u-nan'i-mus-li71 given every vote unapt 7un-apt'71 unlikely unbounded freedom 7un-bound'ed71 state where they did as they liked uncomfortable state of affairs 7un-kom'fer-ta-b'l2 a-farz'71 hard way of living unconscious 7un-kon'shus71 feeling and knowing nothing uneasiness 7un-ez'i-nes71 worry unequal fight1 ill-matched struggle unfolded to your gaze1 spread out before you unhoused 7un-houzd'71 turned out of their homes unknown1 crowded nations1 great masses of people of different races unwittingly1 by accident upon their kind1 against other men useless 7us'les71 without having been made good use of utmost 7utmost71 greatest utter itself in words 7ut'er71 speak its meaning vagrant 7va'grant71 idle wanderer vague 7vag71 not clear vague lisps 7vag71 talk that could not be understood vales 7valz71 little valleys valor 7val'er71 bravery varied riches 7va'rid71 good foods of different kinds vault 7volt71 walled-up space under- ground vauntingly 7vant'ing-li71 boastingly veered 7verd71 turned venomous 7ven'um-us71 poisonous verdant 7vur'dant71 green vest that is bright1 red breast vexation 7vek-sa'shun71 anger vexations 7vek-sa'shunz71 troubles victuals 7vit'lz71 food villain 7vil'in71 wicked man virgin air 7vur'jin71 clear1 fresh air of spring4 virtue of vested power 7vur'tu71 because of the office to which he had been elected vision 7vizh'un71 dream visions of sugarplums 7vizh'unz71 dreams of candy vizier 7vi-zer'71 a high state officer in ,mohammedan countries voluntarily 7voi'un-ta-ri-li71 willingly ,wabasso 7wa-bas'o7 ,wabun 7wa'bun71 ,east wind ,wahwahtaysee 7wa'wa-ta'se7 wain 7wan71 wagon waistcoat 7wast'kot71 vest walks of life1 things they try to do wand 7wand71 slender stick wanders piping through the village1 walks around the town1 playing sweet music wanted nothing1 had everything he wanted warring 7wor'ing71 fighting warrior 7wor'yer71 fighting man wary 7wa'ri71 easily frightened was minded to try 7min'ded71 felt he would like to test wastes 7wasts71 wide stretches of land unfit for cultivation wayside blossom 7wa'sid blos'um71 flower growing by the roadside wayside things 7wa'sid'71 flowers that grow along the roadside ,wawa 7wa'wa7 ,wawonaissa 7wa'won-a'sa7 ,waywassimo 7wa-was'i-mo7 weasel 7we'z'l71 a small animal noted for its quickness wedge 7wej71 a tool1 thinner at one edge1 used for splitting ween1 know well mounted1 riding on good horses wend 7wend71 go wheeling 7hwel'ing71 circling whence1 from where where the last was bred1 in the place in which the last sprang whereupon 7hwar'u-pon'71 after which wherever it listeth 7hwar'ev'er2 list'eth71 wherever it wishes white-skin wrapper1 covering of white bark ,whitsunday 7hwit's-n-day71 the seventh ,sunday after ,easter whole round of my isle1 trip all the way around the island whose joy is to slay1 who like to kill wield 7weld71 use wigwams 7wig'womz71 huts of bark wilderness 7sil'der-nes71 wild country wildfire ,jack-o'-lantern1 gay little man dancing about willing lands1 ground ready for plowing will not eat salt1 in olden times eating salt with a man 7that is1 being his guest7 bound the guest to do his host no harm1 then or afterward wily 7wi'i71 tricky winged 7wing'ed71 having wings winged with feathers 7wingd71 having feathers at one end1 to help them fly wintry hoard 7win'tri hord71 store of food for the winter wisdom of the book1 words which made up the sense witchery 7wich'er-i71 fascination within his scope 7with-in'2 skop71 where he could reach it with one accord 7a-kord'71 with the same idea with one consent 7kon-sent'71 agreeing without more ado 7a-doo'71 not making any objection wonder 7wun'der71 surprising thing wondrous 7wun'drus71 strange wondrous birth and being 7wun'drus2 be'ing71 story of the wonderful way he came into the world and lived in it words cannot paint1 anything one might say could not describe work the book out1 do enough work to pay for the book worship 7wur'ship71 devotion to ,god wounded 7woond'ed71 hurt wounds 7woondz71 old griefs woven texture 7wo'v-n2 teks'tur71 cloth wrack 7rak71 ruin wreath 7reth71 garland wreathed 7reth'ed71 joyous wreathing fires reth'ing71 flames twisting around wrought 7rot71 worked wrought together in such harmony 7rot2 har'mo-ni71 so combined in the carving ,xenil 7ze'nil7 yearling 7yer'ling71 an animal one year old yellow hair1 the silky threads growing out from the end of the corn ear ,yenadizze 7yen'a-diz'e71 an idler yeoman 7yo'man71 free-born man yester 7yes'ter71 of the day before yet unforgotten1 still remembered yore 7yor71 olden time young sun1 early morning sun