,,! ,,dom9ion ,,( ,,! ,,air ,! ,/ory ( ,a]ial ,navigation by ,rev4 ,j4 ,m4 ,bacon ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,dawn ,,( ,,a]onautics4 ,he t w\ld le>n to fly mu/ be br\ght up to ! con/ant practice ( x f 8 y\?1 try+ fir/ only to use 8 w+s z a tame goose w d1 s by degrees le>n+ to rise high] till he atta9 unto skill & confid5ce4 ,s wrote ,wilk9s1 ,bi%op ( ,*e/]1 :o 0 reckon$ a man ( g5ius & le>n+ 9 ! days ( ! ,commonweal?4 ,b s soon z we come to inquire into ! matt] we f9d t ?is good ,bi%op 0 borr[+ f ! ideas ( o!rs :o _h gone be=e him2 &1 look back z f> z we w1 mank9d is discov]$ to h ent]ta9$ p]si/5t & (t5 plausible ideas ( human flight4 ,& ^? ideas _h 9 "s sort ( way1 = good or ill1 tak5 practical %ape4 ,?us1 z long ago z ! days :5 ,x5ophon 0 lead+ back 8 w>riors to ! %ores ( ! ,black ,sea1 & ere ! ,gauls _h fir/ burn$ ,rome1 !re 0 a philosoph]1 ,ar*ytas1 :o inv5t$ a pigeon :i* c\ld fly1 p>tly by means ( me*anism1 & p>tly also1 x is said1 by aid ( an aura or _s4 ,& "h arises a "q4 ,0 ?is aura a gas1 or did m5 use x z spirituali/s d today1 z m]ely a ^w to conjure )8 ,f\r c5turies lat]1 9 ! days ( ,n]o1 !re 0 a man 9 ,rome :o flew s well & high z to lose 8 life !reby4 ,"h1 at any rate1 0 an hone/ man1 or ! /ory w\ld n h end$ ?us2 b ( ! re/--& !re are _m :o 9 e>ly ages aspir$ to ! atta9m5t ( flight--we h no m reason to cr$it _! claims ?an ^? ( *>latans :o fl\ri% 9 e age4 ,9 m$ieval times we are s]i\sly told by a sa9tly writ] 7,/4 ,remigius7 ( folks :o creat$ cl\ds :i* rose to heav5 by means ( an e>!n pot 9 :i* a little imp _h be5 enclos$4 ,we ne$ no m4 ,t 0 an age ( fly+ sa9ts1 z also ( fly+ dragons4 ,fly+ 9 ^? days ( yore may h be5 real en\gh to ! multitude1 b x 0 at be/ delusion4 ,9 ! good old times x did n ne$ ! g5ius ( a ,maskelyne to d a levitation trick4 ,we c picture ! sc5e at a fly+ seance4 ,on ! "o side ! decid$ly pr(essional %[man possess$ ( suffici5t l[ cunn+2 on ! o!r ! ignorant & highly sup]/iti\s audi5ce1 eag] to he> or see "s new ?+--! same audi5ce t1 deceiv$ by a simple trick ( s*oolboy sci5ce1 w\ld li/5 to sup]natural voices 9 _! groves1 or oracul> utt]ances 9 _! temples1 or wat* ! urns ( ,bac*us fill !mselves ) w9e4 ,surely = _! eyes x w\ld ne$ no m ?an ! simple/ phantasmagoria1 or maybe only a little black ?read1 to make a pigeon rise & fly4 ,x is int]e/+ to note1 h[ev]1 t 9 ! case la/ cit$ !re is unque/ionably an allusion to "s crude =m ( firework1 & :at m likely or bett] calculat$ to impress ! ignorant6 ,our firework mak]s /ill manufacture a little ,devil4 ,pyrote*nic is z old z hi/ory itself2 we h an excell5t description ( a rocket 9 a docum5t at lea/ z anci5t z ! n9? c5tury4 ,& t a species ( pyrote*ny 0 resort$ to by ^? :o s\ght to imitate flight we h pro( 9 ! foll[+ recipe = a fly+ body giv5 by a ,doctor1 eke a ,fri>1 9 ,p>is 9 ! days ( our ,k+ ,john3-- ,take "o p\nd ( sulphur1 two p\nds ( will[c>bon1 six p\nds ( rock salt gr\nd v f9e 9 a m>ble mort>4 ,place1 :5 y please1 9 a cov]+ made ( fly+ papyrus to produce ?und]4 ,! cov]+ 9 ord] to asc5d & float away %\ld be long1 graceful1 well fill$ ) ?is f9e p[d]2 b to produce ?und] ! cov]+ %\ld be %ort1 ?ick1 & half full4 ,nor does ?is recipe /& alone4 ,take ano!r sample1 ( :i* *apt] & v]se are to be f\nd 9 ! ,,mss4 ( a ,jesuit1 ,gasp>d ,s*ott1 ( ,pal]mo & ,rome1 born ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago3-- ,! %ells ( h5-eggs1 if prop]ly fill$ & well secur$ aga9/ ! p5etration ( ! air1 & expos$ to sol> rays1 w asc5d to ! skies & sometimes suff] a natural *ange4 ,& if ! eggs ( ! l>g] description ( swans1 or lea!r balls /it*$ ) f9e ?ongs1 be fill$ ) nitre1 ! pure/ sulphur quicksilv]1 or k9dr$ mat]ials :i* r>ify by _! caloric en]gy1 & if !y ext]nally resemble pigeons1 !y w easily be mi/ak5 = fly+ animals4 ,?us x w\ld seem t1 hunt+ back 9 hi/ory1 !re 7 ?ree ma9 ideas on :i* w\ld-be a]onauts ( old ex]cis$ _! +5uity4 ,!re 0 ! la/-m5tion$ me?od1 :i*1 by ! way1 ,jules ,v]ne p>tly relies on :5 he takes 8 h]oes to ! moon1 & :i* 9 its highe/ practical developm5t may be se5 annually on ! night ( ,brock's ,b5efit at ! ,cry/al ,palace4 ,!re is1 aga91 ! tame goose me?od1 to :i* we mu/ return pres5tly2 &1 la/ly1 !re is a ?ird me?od1 to :i*1 z also to ! brilliant g5ius :o conceiv$ x1 we mu/ )\t fur!r delay be introduc$4 ,?is may be call$ ! me?od ( a holl[ globe4 ,rog] ,bacon1 ,mel*is$eck-fa%ion1 came into exi/5ce at ,il*e/] 9 #abad ( p>5tage t is h>d to trace4 ,he 01 h[ev]1 a born philosoph]1 & possess$ ( intellect & p5etration t plac$ him incalculably ahead ( 8 g5]ation4 ,a man ( m>vell\s insight & rese>*1 he grasp$1 & z f> z possible c>ri$ out1 ideas :i* dawn$ on o!r m5 only aft] c5turies4 ,?us1 _m ( 8 utt]ances h be5 prophetic4 ,x is probable t among 8 *emical discov]ies he re-inv5t$ gunp[d]4 ,x is c]ta9 t he div9$ ! prop]ties ( a l5s1 & div+ deep into exp]im5tal & me*anical sci5ces1 actually =esaw ! "t :51 9 8 own words1 m5 w\ld con/ruct eng9es to trav]se l& & wat] ) great spe$ & c>ry ) !m p]sons & m]*&ise4 ,cle>ly 9 8 dreams ,bacon saw ! ,atlantic n m]ely explor$1 b on its bosom ! ,:ite ,/> l9]s break+ records1 contemptu\s ( its angrie/ seas4 ,he saw1 too1 a future ,dumont circl+ 9 ! air1 & n only 9 a dead calm1 b hold+ 8 own ) ! fea!r$ race4 ,he tells 8 dream ?us3 ,!re may be made "s fly+ in/rum5t s t a man sitt+ 9 ! middle ( ! in/rum5t & turn+ "s me*anism may put 9 motion "s artificial w+s :i* may beat ! air l a bird fly+4 ,b he liv$ too long be=e 8 "t4 ,8 ru9 lay n only 9 8 sup]ior g5ius1 b also 9 8 fe>less outspok5ness4 ,he pres5tly fell "u ! ban ( ! ,*ur*1 ?r\gh :i* he lo/ alike 8 lib]ty & ! means ( pursu+ inve/igation4 ,_h x be5 o!rwise we may fairly believe t ! admirable ,doctor1 z he 0 call$1 w\ld h be5 ! fir/ to %[ mank9d h[ to navigate ! air4 ,8 ideas are p]fectly easy to grasp4 ,he conceiv$ t ! air 0 a true fluid1 & z su* mu/ h an upp] limit1 & x w\ld be on ?is upp] surface1 he suppos$1 z on ! bosom ( ! ocean1 t man w\ld sail 8 air-%ip4 ,a f9e1 bold guess truly4 ,he w\ld wat* ! cirrus cl\ds sail+ gr&ly t5 miles above him on "s /ream t nev] approa*$ ne>]4 ,up !re1 9 8 imag9ation1 w\ld be toss+ ! waves ( our ocean ( air4 ,wait = "s little bett] cyl9d]s ( oxyg5 & an improv$ foot-w>m]1 & a future ,coxwell w g al(t & see2 b z to an upp] sea1 x is truly !re1 & we may visit & view its sun-lit toss+ bill[s /ret*+ out to a limitless horizon at su* times z ! ne!r _w is %r\d$ 9 d5se/ gloom4 ,bacon's me?od ( rea*+ su* an upp] sea z he po/ulat$ 01 z we h said1 by a holl[ globe4 ,! ma*9e mu/ be a l>ge holl[ globe1 ( copp] or o!r suitable metal1 wr\ght extremely ?9 s z to h x z light z possible1 & x mu/ be fill$ ) e!real air or liquid fire4 ,?is 0 writt5 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & x is sc>cely edify+ to f9d f\r hundr$ ye>s aft] ?is ! ,jesuit ,fa!r ,lana1 :o contriv$ to make 8 "n live 9 hi/ory z a !oris] 9 a]onautics1 arrogat+ to himself ! bold conception ( ! ,engli% ,fri>1 ) c]ta9 un=tunate diff]5ces1 h[ev]1 :i* 9 fairness we mu/ "h cle>ly po9t out4 ,lana proclaim$ 8 speculations /&+ on a giant's %\ld]s4 ,torricelli1 ) 8 clos$ b5t tube1 _h j %[n ! _w h[ heavily ! air lies above u4 ,x !n requir$ little ma!matical skill to calculate :at w\ld be ! lift+ p[] ( any vessel void ( air on ! e>?'s surface4 ,?us ,lana propos$ ! con/ruction ( an air %ip :i* possibly because ( its picturesquesness has won him notoriety4 ,b x 0 a fraud4 ,we h b to conceive a da9ty boat 9 :i* ! a]onaut w\ld sit at ease h&l+ a little rudd] & a simple sail4 ,^!1 ?\gh a s*oolboy w\ld h kn[n bett]1 he ?\ght w\ld guide 8 vessel :5 9 ! air4 ,s mu* has be5 claim$ = ,fa!r ,lana & 8 ma!matical & o!r atta9m5ts t x seems only "r to insi/ on ! weakness ( 8 reason+4 ,an air %ip simply drift+ ) ! w9d is incapable ( alt]+ its c\rse 9 ! slighte/ degree by ei!r sail or rudd]4 ,x is simply l a log borne along 9 a torr5t2 b to comp>e su* a log prop]ly ) ! air %ip we mu/ conceive x ,,:olly subm]g$ 9 ! wat] & hav+ no sail or o!r app5dage project+ into ! air1 :i* w\ld1 ( c\rse1 introduce o!r conditions4 ,if1 h[ev]1 a man 7 to sit a/ride ( ! log & beg9 to propel x s t x travels ei!r fa/] or sl[] ?an ! /ream1 !n 9 t case1 ei!r by paddle or rudd]1 ! log c\ld be guid$1 & ! same might be said ( ,lana's air boat if only he _h ?\ght ( "s adequate paddle1 fan1 or o!r propell]4 ,b he did n4 ,"o fur!r explanatory s5t5ce may "h be ne$$2 = we he> ( balloons :i* are capable ( be+ guid$ to a small ext5t by sail & rudd]4 ,9 ^! cases1 h[ev]1 ! rudd] is a guide rope trail+ on e>? or sea1 s introduc+ a fre% elem5t & fre% conditions :i* are easy to expla94 ,suppose a free balloon drift+ d[n ! w9d to h a sail sudd5ly hoi/$ on "o side1 :at happ5s8 ,! balloon w simply sw+ till ?is sail is 9 front1 & ?us cont9ue its /raight=w>d c\rse4 ,suppose1 h[ev]1 t z soon z ! side sail is hoi/$ a trail rope is also dropp$ aft f a sp> 9 ! rigg+4 ,! t5d5cy ( ! sail to fly r\nd 9 front is n[ *eck$ by ! dragg+ rope1 & x is con/ra9$ to rema9 slant+ at an angle on "o side2 at ! same "t ! rate ( ! balloon is r$uc$ by ! dragg+ rope1 s t x travels sl[] ?an ! w9d1 :i*1 n[ act+ on its slant sail1 imp>ts a c]ta9 sidelong motion mu* z x does 9 ! case ( a sail+ boat4 ,lana hav+ 9 imag9ation built 8 %ip1 proce$s to make x float up into space1 = :i* purpose he proposes f\r ?9 copp] globes exhau/$ ( air4 ,_h ?is la/ be5 8 own idea we might h p>don$ him4 ,we h1 h[ev]1 po9t$ out t x 0 n1 & we mu/ fur!r po9t out t 9 copy+ 8 great pr$ecessor he fails to see t he w\ld lose enorm\s advantage by us+ f\r globes in/ead ( "o4 ,b1 beyond all1 he fail$ to see :at ! ma/] g5ius ( ,bacon saw cle>ly--t 8 ?9 globes :5 exhau/$ mu/ infallibly collapse by virtue ( t v pressure ( ! air :i* he s\ght to make use (4 ,x _c be too /rongly insi/$ on t if ! too mu* belaud$ speculations ( ,lana h any value at all x is t !y ?r[ into /rong] contra/ ! wond]ful insight ( ! philosoph] :o s long prec$$ him4 ,by %e] g5ius ,bacon _h =ese5 t ! empti$ globe mu/ be fill$ ) ,,some?+1 & = ?is some?+ he sugge/s e!real air or liquid fire1 nei!r ( :i*1 we cont5d1 7 empty t]ms4 ,) ,bacon's k ( exp]im5tal *emi/ry x is a "q1 & a mo/ int]e/+ "o1 :e!r he _h n 9 8 m9d ^? two actual pr9ciples respectively ( gas & air r>efi$ by heat on :i* we laun* our balloons into space to-day4 ,e>ly progress 9 any art or sci5ce is commonly int]mitt5t4 ,x 0 s 9 ! /ory ( a]onautics4 ,advance 0 l t ( ! incom+ tide1 ?r[+ an occasional wave f> 9 front ( its ris+ flood4 ,x 0 a ph5om5al wave t bore ,rog] ,bacon & left 8 m>k on ! s& :]e none o!r approa*$ = c5turies4 ,9 ^? c5turies m5 7 ei!r too prie/-ridd5 to l5d an e> to ,sci5ce1 or1 l *ildr51 foll[$ only ! ,w-o'-!-,wisp float+ above ! quagmire :i* held !m fa/4 ,!y ran aft] ! /one t 0 to turn all to gold1 or ! elixir t %\ld conqu] dea?1 or ! signs 9 ! heav5s t %\ld =etell _! de/9ies2 & ! ta9t ( ?is may be trac$ ev5 :5 ! d>k p]iod t foll[$ 0 cle>+ away4 ,f\r hundr$ ye>s aft] ,rog]'s dea?1 8 illu/ri\s namesake1 ,francis ,bacon1 0 =mulat+ 8 ,inductive ,philosophy1 & ) complete cock-sur5ess 0 tea*+ mank9d all ab\t ev]y?+4 ,let u look at "s ( 8 utt]ances :i* may help to ?r[ light on ! way he reg>d$ ! problem we are deal+ )4 ,x is report$1 ,francis ,bacon writes1 t ! ,leucacians 9 anci5t "t did use to precipitate a man f a high cliffe into ! sea2 ty+ ab\t him1 ) /r+s1 at "s di/ance1 _m great f[les2 & fix+ unto 8 body div]s fea!rs1 spread1 to breake ! fall4 ,c]ta9ly _m birds ( good w+ 7z ,kites & ! l7 w\ld be>e up a good weight z !y flie4 ,& spread+ ( fea!rs1 ?9 & close1 & 9 great bread?1 w likewise be>e up a great weight1 be+ ev5 laid )\t tilt+ ^u ! sides4 ,! fur!r ext5sion ( ?is exp]im5t ( fly+ may be ?\ght ^u4 ,to say ! lea/1 ?is is h>dly me*anical4 ,b let u next foll[ ! philosoph] into ! doma9 ( ,physics4 ,ref]r+ to a /range ass]tion1 t salt wat] w dissolve salt put into x 9 less "t ?an fre% wat] w dissolve x1 he is at once ready ) an explanation to fit ! case4 ,! salt1 he says1 9 ! prec$5t wat] do? by similitude ( sub/ance draw ! salt new put 9 unto x4 ,aga91 9 8 f9d+1 well wat] is w>m] 9 w9t] ?an summ]1 & ! cause is ! subt]ranean heat :i* %ut close 9 7z 9 w9t]7 is ! m1 b if x p]spire 7z x do? 9 summ]7 x is ! less4 ,?is 0 ,bacon ! ,"l4 ,:at a fall+ (f--f ! exp]im5tali/'s po9t ( view--f ,bacon ! ,fri>6 ,we c fancy him wat*+ a falcon pois$ motionless 9 ! sky1 & reflect+ on t problem :i* to ?is day fairly puzzles our able/ sci5ti/s1 settl+ ! matt] 9 a s5t5ce3 ,! cause is t fea!rs doe possess upw>d attractions4 ,dur+ f\r hundr$ ye>s prec$+ ,"l ,v]ulam philosoph]s w\ld h fl[n by aid ( a broom/ick4 ,bacon himself w\ld h m]ely p>ri$ ! problem ) a platitude6 ,at any rate1 physici/s1 ev5 9 ! brilliant sev5te5? c5tury1 made no mat]ial progress t[>ds ! navigation ( ! air1 & ?us pres5tly let ! simple me*anic /ep 9 be=e !m4 ,ere t c5tury _h clos$ some?+ 9 ! nature ( flight _h be5 accompli%$4 ,x is exce$+ly h>d to arrive at actual fact1 b x seems pretty cle> t m ?an "o individual1 by />t+ f "s em95ce1 c\ld let himself fall into space & waft himself away = "s di/ance ) fair success & safety1 ,x is /at$ t an ,engli% ,monk1 ,elm]us1 flew ! space ( a furlong f a t[] 9 ,spa91 a feat ( ! same k9d hav+ be5 accompli%$ by ano!r adv5tur] f ! top ( ,/4 ,m>k's at ,v5ice4 ,9 ^! attempts x w\ld seem t ! pr9ciple ( ! p>a*ute 0 to "s ext5t at lea/ br\ght into play4 ,if also circum/antial acc\nts c be cr$it$1 x w\ld appe> t a work+ model ( a fly+ ma*9e 0 publicly exhibit$ by "o ,john ,mull] be=e ! ,emp]or ,*>les ,v4 at ,nuremb]g4 ,:atev] exagg]ation or embelli%m5t hi/ory may be guilty ( x is pretty cle> t "s g5u9e attempts ( a practical & n unsuccessful nature _h be5 made "h & !re1 & ^! prompt$ ! fl[]y & vision>y ,bi%op ,wilk9s already quot$ to pr$ict confid5tly t ! day 0 approa*+ :5 x w\ld be z common = a man to call = 8 w+s z = boots & spurs4 ,we h n[ to return to ! tame goose me?od1 :i* f\nd its be/ & bolde/ expon5t 9 a humble craftsman1 by "n ,besni]1 liv+ at ,sable1 ab\t ! ye> #afgh4 ,?is me*anical g5ius 0 by trade a locksmi?1 & mu/ h be5 possess$ ( suffici5t skill to con/ruct an effici5t app>atus out ( su* mat]ials z came to 8 h&1 ( ! simple/ possible design4 ,x may be comp>$ to ! e>lie/ type ( bicycle1 ! anci5t bone %ak]1 n[ almo/ =gott5 save by ^? :o1 l ! writ]1 _h exp]i5ce ( x on its fir/ appe>ance4 ,besni]'s w+s1 z x w\ld appe>1 7 ess5tially a pair ( d\ble-blad$ paddles & no?+ m1 r\ghly resembl+ ! d\ble-paddle ( an old-fa%ion$ canoe1 only ! blades 7 l>ge1 r\ghly rectangul>1 & curv$ or holl[$4 ,! op]ator w\ld comm5ce by /&+ erect & balanc+ ^! paddles1 "o on ea* %\ld]1 s t ! holl[s ( ! blades %\ld be t[>ds ! gr\nd4 ,! =w>d "p ( ea* paddle 0 !n grasp$ by ! h&s1 :ile ! h9d] "p ( ea* 0 connect$ to ! correspond+ leg4 ,?is1 presumably1 w\ld be effect$ aft] ! arms _h be5 rais$ v]tically1 ! leg atta*m5t be+ contriv$ 9 "s way :i* exp]i5ce w\ld dictate4 ,! fly] 0 n[ fully equipp$1 & no?+ rema9$ = him save to m\nt "s em95ce &1 ?r[+ himself =w>d into space & assum+ ! position ( a fly+ bird1 to comm5ce flapp+ & beat+ ! air ) a reciprocal motion4 ,fir/1 he w\ld buffet ! air d[nw>ds ) ! left arm & "r leg simultane\sly1 & :ile ^! recov]$ _! position w\ld /rike ) ! "r h& & left leg1 & s on alt]nately4 ,) ?is crude me?od ! ent]pris+ inv5tor succe$$ 9 rais+ himself by %ort /ages f "o height to ano!r1 rea*+ ?us ! top ( a h\se1 :5ce he c\ld pass ov] o!rs1 or cross a riv] or ! l4 ,! p]fect+ ( 8 sy/em became !n simply a "q ( practice & exp]i5ce1 & _h "y a?letes only be5 tra9$ f e>ly ye>s to ! new art x seems reasonable to suppose t "s crude approa* to human flight w\ld h be5 effect$4 ,modifications & improvem5ts 9 con/ruction w\ld soon h sugge/$ !mselves1 z 0 ! case ) ! bicycle1 :i* 9 its late/ developm5ts c sc>cely be recognis$ z spr++ f ! primitive bone-%ak] ( ?irty-?ree ye>s ago4 ,we w\ld sugge/ ! idea to ! mod]n inv5tor4 ,he w 9 ^! days1 ( c\rse1 f9d light] mat]ials to h&4 ,!n he w adopt "s l9k motion = ! legs 9 place ( lea!r ?ongs1 & w h+e ! paddle blades s t !y op5 out ) ! =w>d /roke1 b collapse ) ! return4 ,!n look on ano!r ?irty-?ree ye>s--a fre% g5]ation--& our y\? ( bo? sexes may f9d a popul> recreation 9 graceful a]ial ex]cise4 ,! pace is n likely to be excessive1 & mole/ations f disguis$ policem5--n physically adapt$1 by ! way1 to rapid flight--ne$ n be appreh5d$4 ,"o ( ! be/ te/s ( ,besni]'s measure ( success is suppli$ by ! fact t he _h pupils z well z imitators4 ,fir/ on ?is li/ mu/ be m5tion$ a ,mr4 ,baldw91 a "n :i*1 curi\sly en\gh1 twice ov] 9 mod]n times comes into ! records ( bold a]ial exploits4 ,?is individual1 x appe>s1 pur*as$ a fly+ outfit ( ,besni] himself1 & surpass$ 8 ma/] 9 a*ievem5t4 ,a little lat] "o ,dante contriv$ "s modification ( ! same app>atus1 ) :i* he pursu$ ! new mode ( progress till he met ) a fractur$ ?igh4 ,b :atev] ! imitators ( ,besni] may h accompli%$1 to ! hone/ smi? mu/ be accord$ ! full cr$it ( _! success1 & ) 8 simple1 b brilliant1 record left at flood m>k1 ! tide ( progress ebb$ back aga91 :ile mank9d rum9at$ ov] ! great problem 9 app>5t inactivity4 ,b n = long4 ,! air-pump ab\t ?is p]iod 0 giv5 to ! _w1 & *emi/s 7 already busy inve/igat+ ! nature ( gases4 ,cavallo 0 exp]im5t+ on k9dr$ l9es1 :ile 9 our own l& ! rival g5iuses ( ,prie/ley & ,cav5di% 7 cle>+ ! way to make ) respect to ! atmosph]e ! mo/ important discov]y yet dream$ (4 ,9 record+ ?is dawn ( a new era1 h[ev]1 we %\ld c]ta9ly n =get h[1 across ! ,atlantic1 _h aris5 a ,rum=d & a ,frankl91 ^: lab\rs 7 de/9$ to ?r[ an all-important sidelight on ! pages ( progress :i* we h n[ to *ronicle4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,inv5tion ,,( ,,! ,,balloon4 ,x 0 a ,novemb] night ( ! ye> #aghb1 9 ! little t[n ( ,annonay1 ne> ,lyons4 ,two "y m51 ,/eph5 & ,joseph ,montgolfi]1 ! repres5tatives ( a firm ( pap] mak]s1 7 sitt+ toge!r ov] _! p>l\r fire4 ,:ile wat*+ ! smoke curl+ up ! *imney "o prop\nd$ an idea by way ( a sudd5 inspiration3 ,:y %\ldn't smoke be made to raise bodies into ! air8 ,! _w 0 wait+ = ?is utt]ance1 :i*1 x w\ld seem1 0 on ! tip ( ! tongue ) _m o!rs4 ,cav5di% _h already discov]$ :at he designat$ inflammable air1 ?\gh no "o _h z yet giv5 x its lat] title ( hydrog5 gas4 ,moreov]1 9 treat+ ( ?is gas--,dr4 ,black ( ,ed9burgh1 z mu* z fifte5 ye>s be=e ! date we h n[ arriv$ at1 _h sugge/$ t x %\ld be made capable ( rais+ a ?9 bladd] 9 ! air4 ,) a %ade m ( good =tune1 or maybe ) a modicum m ( leisure1 ! le>n$ ,doctor w\ld h won ! inv5tion ( ! balloon = 8 own c\ntry4 ,cavallo came almo/ ne>]1 & actually putt+ ! same idea into practice1 _h succe$$ 9 ! spr+ ( #aghb 9 mak+ soap bubbles bl[n ) hydrog5 gas float upw>ds4 ,b he _h accompli%$ no m :51 z relat$1 9 ! autumn ( ! same ye> ! bro!rs ,montgolfi] conceiv$ ! notion ( mak+ bodies levitate by ! simpl] exp$i5t ( fill+ !m ) smoke4 ,?is 0 ! crude idea1 ! application ( :i* 9 _! h&s 0 soon m>k$ ) notable success4 ,_! own trade suppli$ ready & suitable mat]ials = a fir/ exp]im5t1 &1 mak+ an oblong bag ( ?9 pap] a few feet 9 l5g?1 !y proce$$ to introduce a cl\d ( smoke into x by hold+ crumpl$ pap] k9dl$ 9 a *af+ di% b5ea? ! op5 m\?4 ,:at a subject is !re "h = an imag9ative pa9t]6 ,z ! smoky cl\d =m$ )91 ! bag di/5d$ itself1 became buoyant1 & pres5tly float$ to ! ceil+4 ,! simple trial prov$ a complete success1 due1 z x appe>$ to !m1 to ! asc5sive p[] ( a cl\d ( smoke4 ,an int]e/+ & m detail$ v]sion ( ! /ory is extant4 ,:ile ! exp]im5t 0 9 progress a neighb\r1 ! wid[ ( a tradesman :o _h be5 connect$ 9 bus9ess ) ! firm1 see+ smoke escap+ into ! room1 ent]$ & /ood wat*+ ! proce$+s1 :i* 7 n unatt5d$ ) difficulties4 ,! bag1 half inflat$1 0 n easy to hold 9 position ov] ! *af+ di%1 & rapidly cool$ & collaps$ on be+ remov$ f x4 ,! wid[ not+ ?is1 z also ! p]plexity ( ! "y m51 sugge/$ t !y %\ld try ! result ( ty+ ! di% on at ! bottom ( ! bag4 ,?is 0 ! "o ?+ want$ to secure success1 & t good lady1 ^: v "n is unhappily lo/1 des]ves an hon\r$ place 9 hi/ory4 ,x 0 unque/ionably ! adoption ( h] idea :i* laun*$ ! fir/ balloon into space4 ,! same exp]im5t repeat$ 9 ! op5 air prov+ a yet m pron\nc$ success1 m elaborate trials 7 quickly develop$1 & ! infant balloon grew fa/4 ,"o wor?y ( ! "n1 sph]ical 9 %ape & ( "s #fjj cubic feet capacity1 0 n[ made & treat$ z be=e1 ) ! result t ere x 0 fully inflat$ x broke ! /r+s t held x & sail$ away hundr$s ( feet into ! air4 ,! infant 0 fa/ becom+ a prodigy4 ,enc\rag$ by _! fre% success1 ! inv5tors at once set ab\t prep>ations = ! con/ruction ( a mu* l>g] balloon "s ?irty-five feet diamet] 7t is1 ( ab\t #bc1jjj cubic feet capacity71 to be made ( l95 l9$ ) pap] & ?is ma*9e1 laun*$ on a fav\rable day 9 ! foll[+ spr+1 rose ) great swiftness to fully a ?\s& feet1 & travell$ ne>ly a mile f its />t+ gr\nd4 ,en\gh2 ! "t 0 already ripe = a public demon/ration ( ! new inv5tion1 & accord+ly ! #e? ( ! foll[+ ,june witness$ ! asc5t ( ! same balloon ) due c]emony & adv]tisem5t4 ,special pa9s 7 tak5 ) ! inflation1 :i* 0 conduct$ ov] a pit above :i* ! balloon envelope 0 slung2 & 9 accordance ) ! view t smoke 0 ! *ief lift+ p[]1 ! fuel 0 compos$ ( /raw l>gely mix$ ) wool4 ,x is record$ t ! managem5t ( ! furnace ne$$ ! att5tion ( two m5 only1 :ile eight m5 c\ld h>dly hold ! impati5t balloon 9 re/ra9t4 ,! inflation1 9 spite ( ! fact t ! fuel *os5 0 sc>cely ! be/ = ! purpose1 0 conduct$ rem>kable exp$ition1 & on be+ releas$1 ! craft travell$ "o & a half miles into ! air1 atta9+ a height e/imat$ at ov] #f1jjj feet4 ,f ?is "t ! tide ( ev5ts 9 ! a]onautical _w rolls on 9 full flood1 almo/ e half-ye> m>k+ a fre% epo*1 until a new dep>ture 9 ! infant art ( balloon+ 0 already on ! po9t ( be+ rea*$4 ,x _h be5 errone\sly suppos$ t ! asc5t ( ! ,montgolfi] balloon _h be5 due1 n to ! r>efaction ( ! air )9 x--:i* 0 its true cause--b to ! evolution ( "s light gas dis5gag$ by ! nature ( ! fuel us$4 ,x foll[$1 !re=e1 almo/ z a matt] ( c\rse1 t *emi/s1 :o1 z /at$ 9 ! la/ *apt]1 7 already acqua9t$ ) s-call$ inflammable air1 or hydrog5 gas1 grasp$ ! fact t ?is gas w\ld s]ve bett] ?an any o!r = ! purposes ( a balloon4 ,& no soon] _h ! news ( ! ,montgolfi]s' success rea*$ ,p>is ?an a subscription 0 rais$1 & ,m4 ,*>les1 ,pr(essor ( ,exp]im5tal ,philosophy1 0 appo9t$1 ) ! assi/ance ( ,m4 ,rob]ts1 to sup]9t5d ! con/ruction ( a suitable balloon & its inflation by ! propos$ new me?od4 ,! task 0 "o ( consid]able difficulty1 ow+ p>tly to ! necessity ( procur+ "s mat]ial :i* w\ld prev5t ! escape ( ! lighte/ & mo/ subtle gas kn[n1 & no less by reason ( ! difficulty ( prep>+ "u pressure a suffici5t quantity ( gas itself4 ,! exp]im5t1 s\nd en\gh 9 !ory1 0 ev5tually c>ri$ ?r\gh aft] sev]al in/ructive failures4 ,a suitable mat]ial 0 f\nd 9 lu/r+1 a glossy silk clo? v>ni%$ ) a solution ( ca\t*\c1 & ?is be+ =m$ into a balloon only ?irte5 feet 9 diamet] & fitt$ )\t o!r ap]ture ?an a /opcock1 0 aft] sev]al attempts fill$ ) hydrog5 gas prep>$ 9 ! usual way by ! action ( dilute sulphuric acid on scrap iron4 ,! prep>ations complet$1 "o la/ & all-important mi/ake 0 made by clos+ ! /op-cock be=e ! balloon 0 dismiss$1 ! disa/r\s & unavoidable result ( ?is be+ at ! "t ov]look$4 ,on ,augu/ #be1 #aghc1 ! balloon 0 lib]at$ on ! ,*amp de ,m>s be=e an enorm\s conc\rse1 & 9 less ?an two m9utes _h rea*$ an elevation ( half a mile1 :5 x 0 tempor>ily lo/ 9 cl\d1 ?r\gh :i*1 h[ev]1 x p5etrat$1 climb+ into yet high] cl\d1 :51 disappe>+ f sight1 x pres5tly bur/ & desc5d$ to e>? aft] rema9+ 9 ! air "s ?ree-qu>t]s ( an h\r4 ,! bur/+ ( ?is little craft taught ! future ballooni/ 8 fir/ great lesson1 namely1 t on leav+ e>? he mu/ op5 ! neck ( 8 balloon2 & ! reason ( ?is is obvi\s4 ,:ile yet on e>? ! imprison$ gas ( a prop]ly fill$ balloon di/5ds ! silk by virtue ( its expansive =ce1 & 9 spite ( ! enorm\s outside pressure :i* ! weight ( air ex]ts ^u x4 ,!n1 z ! balloon rises high 9 ! air & ! outside pressure gr[s less1 ! /ruggl+ gas )91 if all[$ no v5t1 /ret*es ! balloon m & m until ! sl5d] fabric bur/s "u ! /ra94 ,at ! risk ( be+ t$i\s1 we h dwelt at "s l5g? on ! initial exp]im5ts :i* 9 less ?an a s+le ye> _h l$ to ! discov]y & developm5t ( two di/9ct me?ods--/ill employ$ & 9 competition ) ea* o!r--( dismiss+ balloons into ! heav5s4 ,we are n[ prep>$ to ent] fully into ! romantic hi/ory ( our subject :i* f ?is po9t rapidly unfolds itself4 ,"s elev5 mon?s only aft] ! two ,montgolfi]s 7 discov]$ toy+ ) _! inflat$ pap] bag1 ! y\ng] ( ! two bro!rs 0 engag$ to make an exhibition ( 8 new art be=e ! ,k+ at ,v]sailles1 & ?is 0 de/9$ to be ! fir/ occasion :5 a balloon 0 to c>ry a liv+ freight into ! sky4 ,! /ately /ructure1 :i* 0 gorge\sly decorat$1 t[]$ "s sev5ty feet into ! air1 & 0 furni%$ ) a wick] c> 9 :i* ! pass5g]s 7 duly in/all$4 ,^! 7 ?ree 9 numb]1 a %eep1 a cock1 & a duck1 & amid ! acclamations ( ! multitude1 rose a few hundr$ feet & desc5d$ half a mile away4 ,! cock 0 f\nd to h su/a9$ an unexpla9$ mi%ap3 its leg 0 brok52 b ! %eep 0 fe$+ complac5tly1 & ! duck 0 quack+ ) mu* app>5t satisfaction4 ,n[1 :o among mortals w come =w>d & w9 ! hon\r ( be+ ! fir/ to sail ! skies8 ,m4 ,pilitre de ,rozi] at once volunte]$1 & by ! mon? ( ,novemb] a new air %ip 0 built1 #gd feet high1 #dh feet 9 l>ge/ diamet]1 & #ae feet across ! neck1 outside :i* a wick] gall]y 0 con/ruct$1 :ile an iron brazi] 0 slung bel[ all4 ,b to trim ! boat prop]ly two pass5g]s 7 ne$$1 & de ,rozi] f\nd a ready colleague 9 ! ,m>quis d',arl&es4 ,by way ( precaution1 de ,rozi] made a few prelim9>y asc5ts ) ! balloon held captive1 & !n ! two intrepid ,fr5*m5 took _! /& on opposite sides ( ! gall]y1 ea* furni%$ ) bundles ( fuel to fe$ ! furnace1 ea* also c>ry+ a l>ge wet sponge ) :i* to ext+ui% ! flames :5ev] ! ma*9e might cat* fire4 ,on ca/+ (f ! balloon rose readily1 & rea*+ #c1jjj feet1 drift$ away on an upp] curr5t4 ,! re/ ( ! n>rative1 mu* cond5s$ f a lett] ( ! ,m>quis1 writt5 a week lat]1 runs some:at ?us3 ,our dep>ture 0 at fifty-f\r m9utes pa/ "o1 & occasion$ little /ir among ! spectators4 ,?9k+ !y might be fright5$ & /& 9 ne$ ( enc\ragem5t1 ,i wav$ my arm4 ,m4 de ,rozi] cri$1 ',y are do+ no?+1 & we are n ris+6' ,i /irr$ ! fire1 & !n began to scan ! riv]1 b ,pilitre cri$ aga91 ',see ! riv]2 we are dropp+ into x6' ,we aga9 urg$ ! fire1 b /ill clung to ! riv] b$4 ,pres5tly ,i he>d a noise 9 ! upp] "p ( ! balloon1 :i* gave a %ock z ?\gh x _h bur/4 ,i call$ to my companion1 ',are y danc+8' ,! balloon by n[ _h _m holes burn$ 9 x1 & us+ my sponge ,i cri$ t we mu/ desc5d4 ,my companion1 h[ev]1 expla9$ t we 7 ov] ,p>is1 & mu/ n[ cross x4 ,!re=e1 rais+ ! fire once m1 we turn$ s\? till we pass$ ! ,luxemburg1 :51 ext+ui%+ ! flame1 ! balloon came d[n sp5t & empty4 ,d>+ z 0 ?is asc5t1 x 0 9 a*ievem5t eclips$ two mon?s lat] at ,lyons1 :5 a mammo? balloon1 #acj feet 9 height & lift+ #ah tons1 0 inflat$ 9 sev5te5 m9utes1 & asc5d$ ) no less ?an sev5 pass5g]s4 ,:5 m ?an half a mile al(t ?is ma*9e1 :i* 0 made ( too sl5d] mat]ial = its huge size1 sudd5ly develop$ a r5t ( half its l5g?1 caus+ x to desc5d ) imm5se velocity2 b )\t ! smalle/ injury to any ( ! pass5g]s4 ,?is 0 a memorable p]=mance1 & ! acc\nt1 s5sational z x may read1 is by no means unwor?y ( cr$it2 =1 z w be se5 h]eaft]1 a balloon ev5 :5 bur/ or badly torn 9 midair may1 on ! pr9ciple ( ! p>a*ute1 effect its own salvation4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 ! rival balloon ( hydrog5 gas--! ,*>li]e1 z x has be5 call$--_h _h its fir/ inn+s4 ,be=e ! close ( ! ye> ,,mm4 ,rob]ts & ,*>les con/ruct$ & inflat$ a hydrog5 balloon1 ?is "t fitt$ ) a practicable valve1 & 9 p>tn]%ip accompli%$ an asc5t beat+ all previ\s records4 ,! day1 ,decemb] #ag1 0 "o ( w9t] temp]ature2 yet ! a]onauts quickly rea*$ #f1jjj feet1 & :51 aft] rema9+ al(t = "o & a half h\rs1 !y desc5d$1 ,rob]ts got out1 leav+ ,*>les 9 sole possession4 ,left to himself1 ?is "y recruit seems to h met ) exp]i5ces :i* are c]ta9ly unusual1 & :i* mu/ be attribut$ l>gely to ! novelty ( 8 situation4 ,he decl>$ t at #i1jjj feet1 or less ?an two miles1 all objects on ! e>? _h disappe>$ f view1 a /atem5t :i* c only be tak5 to mean t he _h ent]$ cl\d4 ,fur!r1 at ?is mod]ate elevation he n only became b5umb$ ) cold1 b felt sev]e pa9 9 8 "r e> & jaw4 ,he held on1 h[ev]1 asc5d+ till #aj1ejj feet 7 rea*$1 :5 he desc5d$1 hav+ made a j\rney ( ?irty miles f ! />t4 ,asc5ts1 all on ! ,cont95t1 n[ foll[$ "o ano!r 9 rapid succession1 & %ortly ! ,,mm4 ,rob]ts essay$ a v5ture on new l9es4 ,!y attempt$ ! guidance ( a balloon by means ( o>s1 & ?\gh !y fail$ 9 ?is !y 7 =tunate 9 mak+ a fre% record4 ,!y also enc\nt]$ a ?und]/orm1 & by adopt+ a p]fectly sci5tific me?od--( :i* m h]eaft]--succe$$ 9 elud+ x4 ,! /orm broke ar\nd !m :5 !y 7 #ad1jjj feet high1 & at ?is altitude1 not+ t !re 7 div]se curr5ts al(t1 !y manag$ to manoeuvre _! balloon high] or l[] at w & to suit _! purpose1 & by ?is /ratagem drew away f ! /orm c5tre4 ,aft] six & a half h\rs _! voyage end$1 b n until #aej miles _h be5 cov]$4 ,x mu/ be freely grant$ t prodigi\s progress _h be5 made 9 an art t z yet 0 little m ?an a ye> old2 b assur$ly n en\gh to ju/ify ! absurdly inflat$ ideas t ! ,cont95tal public n[ began to indulge 94 ,m5 lo/ _! m5tal balance1 all[+ _! imag9ation to run riot1 & speculation became extravagant 9 ! extreme4 ,!re 0 to be no limit h5ce=w>d to ! atta9m5t ( fre% k1 nor any b\nds plac$ to :]e man might roam4 ,! univ]se 0 op5 to him3 he might voyage if he will$ to ! moon or else:]e3 ,p>is 0 to be ! />t+ po9t = o!r worlds3 ,heav5 itself _h be5 tak5 by /orm4 ,mod]ation _h to be le>n$ ere long by ! discipl9e ( m ?an "o /]n lesson4 ,hi!rto a m>vell\s--call x a ,provid5tial--good =tune _h att5d$ ! fir/ a]ial travell]s2 & ev5 :5 mi%aps pres5tly came to be reckon$ )1 x may fairly be que/ion$ :e!r s _m lives 7 sacrific$ among ^? :o s\ght to voyage ?r\gh ! sky z 7 lo/ among su* z fir/ attempt$ to navigate ! sea4 ,x is 9 su* v5tures z we are n[ reg>d+ t =tune seems readie/ to fav\r ! d>+1 & if ,i may digress briefly to adduce exp]i5ces com+ )9 my own k1 ,i w\ld say t x is to 8 v impulsiv5ess t ! en?usia/ (t5 owes ! safety ( 8 neck4 ,x is ! timid1 n ! bold rid]1 t comes to grief at ! f5ce4 ,x is ! man :o draws back :o is knock$ ov] by a tramc>4 ,%e] impetus1 moral or physical1 (t5 c>ries y ?r\gh1 z 9 ! case ( a fall f horse-back4 ,to tumble (f :5 y\r horse is /&+ /ill & receive a dead bl[ f ! gr\nd might easily break a limb4 ,b at full gallop immunity (t5 lies 9 ! fact t y /rike ! e>? at an angle1 & be+ c>ri$ =w>d1 impact is less abrupt4 ,i c only say t ,i h on m ?an "o occasion f\nd ! greate/ safety 9 a balloon v5ture involv+ ! elem5t ( risk to lie 9 complete ab&onm5t to circum/ances1 & 9 ! increas$ life & activity :i* ! delirium ( excitem5t calls =?4 ,9 comp>+1 h[ev]1 man's fir/ v5tures by sky ) ^? by sea1 we mu/ rememb] :at f> great] dem& ! =m] mu/ h made ^u ! _s ( ent]prise & d>+4 ,we c picture ! e>lie/ sea voyag] tak+ 8 fir/ lesson a/ride ( a log ) "o foot on ! bottom1 & ?us proce$+ by sure /ages till he _h built 8 coracle & le>n$ to paddle x 9 %oal wat]4 ,b ! case 0 :olly diff]5t :5 ! fir/ frail air %ip /ood at h] moor+s ) /ra9+ ge> & fi]cely burn+ furnace1 & :5 ! sky sailor knew t no c\rse 0 left him b to dive boldly up into an elem5t :5ce !re 0 no /epp+ back1 & sep>at$ f e>? by a gulf :i* man in/9ctively dreads to look d[n ^u4 ,tak+ ev5ts 9 _! due sequ5ce1 we h n[ to record a voyage :i* ! t]rors ( sky & sea toge!r comb9$ to make memorable4 ,w9t] _h come--e>ly ,janu>y ( #aghe--:51 9 spite ( %ort d>k days & fro/y air1 ,m4 ,blan*>d1 accompani$ by an ,am]ican1 ,dr4 ,jeffries1 det]m9$ on an attempt to cross ! ,*annel4 ,!y *ose ! ,engli% side1 & inflat+ _! balloon ) hydrog5 at ,dov]1 boldly ca/ (f1 & imm$iately drift$ out to sea4 ,probably !y _h n paid due ?\ght to ! effect ( l[ sun & *illy atmosph]e1 = _! balloon rose sluggi%ly & began settl+ d[n ere little m ?an a qu>t] ( _! c\rse 0 run4 ,!reupon !y p>t$ ) a l>ge portion ( _! balla/1 ) ! result t !y crept on z f> z mid-,*annel1 :5 !y began desc5d+ aga91 & ca/ out ! residue ( _! s&1 toge!r ) "s books1 & ?is1 too1 ) ! uncom=table feel+ t ev5 ^! measures w\ld n suffice to secure _! safety4 ,?is 0 9 reality ! fir/ "t t a sea passage _h be5 made by sky1 & ! gravity ( _! situation mu/ n be "u-e/imat$4 ,we are s accu/om$ 9 a sea passage to ! con/ant pass+ ( o!r vessels t we all[ ourselves to imag9e t a frequ5t$ portion ( ! ocean1 su* z ! ,*annel1 is ?ickly dott$ ov] ) %ipp+ ( "s sort4 ,b 9 ent]ta9+ ?is idea we are =getful ( ! fact t we are all ! :ile on a /eam] track4 ,! tru?1 h[ev]1 is t any:]e outside su* a track1 ev5 f ! comm&+ po9t ( view ( a high-fly+ balloon1 ! ocean is se5 to be m va/ ?an we suppose1 & be>s exce$+ly little b ! re/less waves ^u its surface4 ,once fairly 9 ! wat] ) a fall5 balloon1 !re is cle>ly no ris+ aga91 & ! life ( ! balloon 9 ?is its wrong elem5t is n likely to be a long "o4 ,! globe ( gas may "u fav\rable circum/ances cont9ue to float = "s :ile1 b ! op5 wick] c> is ! wor/ possible boat = ! luckless voyag]s1 :ile to leave x & cl+ to ! rigg+ is b a =lorn hope1 ow+ to ! mass ( nett+ :i* surr\nds ! silk1 & :i* w\ld prove a dea?-trap 9 ! wat]4 ,!re are _m in/ances ( lives hav+ be5 lo/ 9 su* a dilemma1 ev5 :5 help 0 ne> at h&4 ,our voyag]s1 :om we left 9 mid-air & /ream1 7 soon desc5d+ aga91 & ?is "t !y ?rew out _! tackle--an*or1 ropes1 & o!r ge>1 /ill )\t adequately m5d+ matt]s4 ,!n _! case grew desp]ate4 ,! ,fr5* coa/ 01 inde$1 well 9 sight1 b !re seem$ b sl5d] *ance ( rea*+ x1 :5 !y began dive/+ !mselves ( clo?+ z a la/ resort4 ,! up%ot ( ?is 0 rem>kable1 & des]ves a mom5t's consid]ation4 ,:5 a balloon has be5 light5$ almo/ to ! utmo/ ! dis*>ge ( a small weight sometimes has a magical effect1 z is n difficult to und]/&4 ,?r[+ out t5 p\nds at an e>ly /age1 :5 !re may be five hundr$ p\nds m ( sup]flu\s weight1 w tell b little1 b :5 ^? five hundr$ p\nds are exp5d$ !n an extra t5 p\nds scrap$ toge!r f some:]e & ca/ ov]bo>d may cause a balloon to make a giant /ride into space by way ( f9al ef=t2 & x 0 s ) ,m4 ,blan*>d4 ,8 expir+ balloon %ot up & ov] ! approa*+ l&1 & came safely to e>? ne> ! ,=e/ ( ,gui5nes4 ,a magnific5t fea/ 0 held at ,calais to celebrate ! above ev5t4 ,m4 ,blan*>d 0 pres5t$ ) ! fre$om ( ! city 9 a gold box1 & application 0 made to ! ,m9i/ry to h ! balloon pur*as$ & deposit$ z a memorial 9 ! *ur*4 ,on ! te/imony ( ! gr&son ( ,dr4 ,jeffries ! c> ( ?is balloon is n[ 9 ! museum ( ! same city4 ,a v notewor?y example ( h[ a balloon may be made to take a fre% lease ( life is suppli$ by a voyage ( ,m4 ,te/u ab\t ?is date1 :i* mu/ f9d brief m5tion 9 ^! pages4 ,9 "o aspect x is laughable1 9 ano!r x is sublime4 ,f e po9t ( view x is romantic4 ,x 0 f\r o'clock on a ?reat5+ day 9 ,june :5 ! solit>y a]onaut took flight f ,p>is 9 a small hydrog5 balloon only p>tially fill$1 b rigg$ ) "s contrivance ( w+s :i* 7 design$ to r5d] x self-propell+4 ,discov]+1 h[ev]1 t ?is device 0 inop]ative1 ,m4 ,te/u1 aft] ab\t an h\r & a half1 all[$ ! balloon to desc5d to e>? 9 a corn field1 :51 )\t quitt+ hold ( ! c>1 he comm5c$ collect+ /ones = balla/4 ,b z yet he knew n ! ways ( *urli% proprietors ( l&1 & 9 consequ5ce 0 pres5tly surpris$ by a tr\blesome cr[d1 :o proce$$1 z !y suppos$1 to take him prison] till he %\ld pay heavy comp5sation1 dragg+ him (f to ! ne>e/ village by ! trail rope ( 8 balloon4 ,m4 ,te/u n[ _h leisure to consid] 8 situation1 & pres5tly hit on a /ratagem ! l ( :i* has (t5 s9ce be5 adopt$ by a]onauts 9 l pr$icam5t4 ,repres5t+ to 8 captors t )\t 8 w+s he w\ld be p[]less1 he suff]$ !m to remove ^! weighty app5dages1 :5 also dropp+ a heavy cloak1 he sudd5ly cut ! cord by :i* he 0 be+ dragg$1 &1 rega9+ fre$om1 so>$ away into ! sky4 ,he 0 quickly high al(t1 & he>d ?und] bel[ him1 soon aft] :i*1 ! *ill ( ev5+ beg9n+ to br+ him e>?w>d1 he descri$ a hunt 9 full cry1 & succe$$ 9 com+ d[n ne> ! huntsm51 "s ( :om gallop$ up to him1 & = _! b5efit he asc5d$ aga91 pass+ ?is "t into d5se cl\d ) ?und] & lightn+4 ,he saw ! sun g d[n & ! lightn+ ga!r r\nd1 yet ) admirable c\rage he liv$ ! night out al(t till ! /orms 7 sp5t & ! midsumm] sun rose once m4 ,) daylight re/or$1 8 j\rney end$ at a spot ov] sixty miles f ,p>is4 ,we h1 ( c\rse1 rec\nt$ only a few ( ! m notewor?y e>ly balloon+ v5tures4 ,9 reality !re _h up to ! pres5t "t be5 scores ( asc5ts made 9 diff]5t localities & 9 all conditions ( w9d & wea!r1 yet n a life _h be5 lo/4 ,we h n[1 h[ev]1 to record a casualty :i* co/ ! fir/ & bolde/ a]onaut 8 life1 & :i* is all ! m regrettable z be+ due to circum/ances t %\ld nev] h occurr$4 ,m4 ,pilatre de ,rosi]1 accompani$ by ,m4 ,roma91 det]m9$ on cross+ ! ,*annel f ! ,fr5* side2 &1 ?9k+ to add to _! buoyancy & avoid ! risk ( fall+ 9 ! sea1 hit on ! extraord9>y idea ( us+ a fire balloon b5ea? ano!r fill$ ) hydrog5 gas6 ,) ?is deadly comp\nd ma*9e !y actually asc5d$ f ,b\logne1 & _h n left ! l& :5 ! inevitable cata/rophe took place4 ,! balloons caught fire & blew up at a height ( #c1jjj feet1 :ile ! un=tunate voyag]s 7 da%$ to atoms4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,balloon ,,asc5t ,,9 ,,engl&4 ,z may be suppos$1 x 0 n long be=e ! balloon 0 introduc$ into ,engl&4 ,inde$1 ! fir/ successful asc5t on record made 9 our own c\ntry took place 9 ! summ] ( #aghd1 t5 mon?s previ\s to ! fatal v5ture n>rat$ at ! close ( ! la/ *apt]4 ,n[1 x is a rem>kable & equally regrettable circum/ance t ?\gh ! fir/ asc5t on ,briti% soil 0 und\bt$ly made by "o ( our own c\ntrym51 ! fact is almo/ univ]sally =gott51 or ignor$1 & ! cr$it is accord$ to a =eign]4 ,let u 9 /rict hone/y exam9e into ! case4 ,v9c5t ,lun>di1 an ,italian1 ,secret>y to ! ,neapolitan ,ambassador1 ,pr9ce ,c>amanico1 be+ 9 ,engl& 9 ! ye> #aghd1 det]m9$ on organis+ & p]sonally execut+ an asc5t f ,london2 & 8 spl5did ent]prise1 :i* 0 pres5tly c>ri$ to a successful issue1 w =m ! pr9cipal subject ( ! pres5t *apt]4 ,x w be se5 t rem>kable success cr[n$ 8 ef=ts1 & t 8 fir/ & ev] memorable voyage 0 c>ri$ ?r\gh on ,septemb] #ae? ( t ye>4 ,m ?an a mon? previ\sly1 h[ev]1 att5tion _h be5 call$ to ! fact t a ,mr4 ,tytl] 0 prep>+ to make an asc5t f ,ed9burgh 9 a hot air balloon1 & 9 ! ,london ,*ronicle ( ,augu/ #bg? occurs ! foll[+ circum/antial & rem>kable lett] f a correspond5t to t j\rnal3 ,ed9burgh1 ,aug4 #bg1 #aghd4 ,mr4 ,tytl] has made sev]al improvem5ts ^u 8 fire balloon4 ,! reason ( its failure =m]ly 0 its be+ made ( por\s l951 ?r\gh :i* ! air made its escape4 ,to rem$y ?is defect1 ,mr4 ,tytl] has got x cov]$ ) a v>ni% to reta9 ! inflammable air aft] ! balloon is fill$4 ,e>ly ?is morn+ ?is bold adv5tur] took 8 fir/ a]ial flight4 ,! balloon be+ fill$ at ,comely ,g>d51 he seat$ himself 9 ! basket1 & ! ropes be+ cut he asc5d$ v high & desc5d$ q gradually on ! road to ,re/alrig1 ab\t half a mile f ! place :]e he rose1 to ! great satisfaction ( ^? spectators :o 7 pres5t4 ,mr4 ,tytl] w5t up )\t ! furnace ?is morn+2 :5 t is add$ he w be able to fe$ ! balloon ) inflammable air1 & cont9ue 8 a]ial excursions z long z he *ooses4 ,mr4 ,tytl] is n[ 9 high spirits1 & 9 8 turn laughs at ^? infidels :o ridicul$ 8 s*eme z vision>y & impracticable4 ,mr4 ,tytl] is ! fir/ p]son 9 ,great ,brita9 :o has navigat$ ! air4 ,ref]r+ to ?is exploit1 ,tytl]1 9 a laudatory epi/le address$ to ,lun>di1 tells ( ! difficulties he _h _h to cont5d )1 & artlessly reveals ! cool1 confid5t c\rage he mu/ h display$4 ,no %elt] be+ available = ! inflation1 & a /rong w9d bl[+1 8 fir/ mis=tune 0 ! sett+ fire to 8 wick] gall]y4 ,! next 0 ! capsiz+ & damag+ ( 8 balloon1 :i* he _h l9$ ) pap]4 ,he n[ sub/itut$ a coat ( v>ni% = ! pap]1 & 8 gall]y be+ de/roy$1 s t he c\ld no long] attempt to take up a /ove1 he resolv$ to asc5d )\t "o4 ,9 ! end ! balloon 0 successfully inflat$1 :5 he _h ! h>dihood to entru/ himself to a small basket 7us$ = c>ry+ e>!nw>e7 slung bel[1 & ?us to laun* himself into ! sky4 ,he did s "u ! conviction t ! risk he ran 0 great] ?an x really 01 = he argu$ t 8 craft 0 n[ only l a projectile1 & mu/ und\bt$ly come to ! gr\nd ) ! same velocity ) :i* x asc5d$4 ,on ?is occasion ! cr[d tri$ = "s "t to hold him ne> ! gr\nd by "o ( ! re/ra9+ ropes1 s t 8 flight 0 curtail$4 ,9 a second exp]im5t1 h[ev]1 he succe$$ 9 ris+ "s hundr$s ( feet1 & came to e>? )\t mi%ap4 ,b little fur!r in=mation respect+ ,mr4 ,tytl] is app>5tly =?com+1 & !re=e beyond record+ ! fact t he 0 ! fir/ ,briti% a]onaut1 & also t he 0 ! fir/ to a*ieve a balloon asc5t 9 ,great ,brita91 we are unable to make fur!r m5tion ( him 9 ?is hi/ory4 ,( 8 illu/ri\s contempor>y already m5tion$ !re is1 on ! contr>y1 mu* to record1 & we w\ld desire to give full cr$it to 8 admirable c\rage & p]sev]ance4 ,x 0 ) a c]ta9 national & p>donable pride t ! "y ,italian plann$ 8 bold exploit1 feel+ ) a s5se ( self-satisfaction1 :i* he is at no pa9s to hide1 t he aim$ at w9n+ hon\r = 8 c\ntry z well z = himself4 ,9 a lett] :i* he wrote to 8 gu>dian1 ,*evali] ,gh]>do ,compagni1 he alludes to ! /olid indiff]5ce ( ! ,engli% p & philosoph]s to ! brilliant a*ievem5ts 9 a]onautics :i* _h be5 made & s mu* belaud$ on ! ,cont95t4 ,he proclaims ! rivalry z reg>ds sci5ce & art exi/+ betwe5 ,france & ,engl&1 attribut+ to ! latt] an attitude ( sull5 jeal\sy4 ,at ! same "t he is fully alive to ! necessity ( ga9+ ,engli% patronage1 & sets ab\t secur+ ?is ) tactful diplomacy4 ,fir/ he ca/s ab\t = a suitable spot :]e 8 ent]prise w\ld n fail to enli/ g5]al att5tion & p]haps p[]ful patrons1 & "h he is /ruck by ! attractions & facilities (f]$ by ,*elsea ,hospital4 ,he !re=e applies to ,sir ,george ,h[>d1 ! ,gov]nor1 ask+ = ! use ( ! fam\s hospital1 to :i*1 on ! occasion ( 8 exp]im5ts1 he desires t admittance %\ld only be grant$ to subscrib]s1 :ile any pr(its %\ld be devot$ to ! p5sion]s ( ! hospital4 ,8 application hav+ be5 grant$1 he assures 8 gu>dian t he /ill ma9ta9s 8 m5tal balance1 & 8 sleep is n bani%$ by ! magnitude ( 8 ent]prise1 :i* is de/9$ to lead him ?r\gh ! pa? ( dang] to glory4 ,?is lett] 0 dat$ ! #ae? ( ,july1 & by ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/ 8 adv]tisem5t 0 already be=e ! public1 invit+ subscrib]s & ann\nc+ a private view ( 8 balloon at ! ,lyceum1 :]e x 0 9 c\rse ( con/ruction1 & 0 be+ fitt$ ) contrivances ( 8 own 9 ! %ape ( o>s & sails4 ,he _h by ?is "t n only enli/$ ! int]e/ ( ,sir ,george ,h[>d1 & ( ,sir ,joseph ,banks1 b _h secur$ ! direct patronage ( ! ,k+4 ,b )9 a =tnight a mo/ un=ese5 mi%ap _h occurr$1 :i* ?reat5$ to ov]:elm ,lun>di 9 disappo9tm5t & ru94 ,a ,fr5*man ( ! "n ( ,moret1 design+ to turn to 8 own adv]tisem5t ! att5tion attract$ by ,lun>di's approa*+ trials1 attempt$ to =e/all ! ev5t by an ent]prise ( 8 own1 ann\nc+ t he w\ld make an asc5t ) a hot air balloon 9 "s g>d5s ne> ,*elsea ,hospital1 & at a date previ\s to t fix$ ^u by ,lun>di4 ,9 attempt+1 h[ev]1 to c>ry out ?is unwor?y project ! adv5tur] met ) ! discomfiture he des]v$4 ,he fail$ to effect 8 inflation1 & :5 aft] fruitless attempts cont9u$ = ?ree h\rs1 8 balloon refus$ to rise1 a l>ge cr[d1 e/imat$ at #fj1jjj1 assembl$ outside1 broke into ! enclosure1 committ+ havoc on all sides1 n unatt5d$ ) acts ( viol5ce & robb]y4 ,! :ole neighb\rhood became al>m$1 & x foll[$ z a matt] ( c\rse t ,lun>di 0 p]emptorily ord]$ to discont9ue 8 prep>ations1 & to ann\nce 9 ! public press t 8 asc5t f ,*elsea ,hospital 0 =bidd54 ,failure & ru9 n[ />$ ! "y en?usia/ 9 ! face1 & x 0 simply ! g5]\s feel+ ( ! ,briti% public1 & ! desire to see fair play1 t gave him ano!r *ance4 ,z x 01 he became ! h]o ( ! h\r2 ?\s&s flock$ to ! %[ rooms at ! ,lyceum1 & he %ortly obta9$ fre% gr\nds1 toge!r ) ne$ful protection = 8 project1 at ! h&s ( ! ,hon4 ,artill]y ,company4 ,by ! #ae? ( ,septemb] all incid5tal difficulties1 ! m]e enum]ation ( :i* w\ld unduly swell ^! pages1 _h be5 ov]come by %e] p]si/5ce1 & ,lun>di /ood 9 ! enclosure allott$ him1 8 prep>ations 9 due ord]1 ) #aej1jjj s\ls1 :o _h =m$ = h\rs a d5se mass ( spectators1 wat*+ int5tly & n[ confid5tly ! issue ( 8 bold endeav\r4 ,b 8 anxieties 7 z yet f> f ov]1 = a ,london cr[d _h nev] yet witness$ a balloon asc5t1 :ile b a mon? ago !y _h se5 & wreak$ _! wra? ^u ! failure ( an adv5tur]4 ,!y 7 n likely to be m tol]ant n[4 ,& :5 ! adv]tis$ h\r = dep>ture _h arriv$1 & ! balloon rema9$ inadequately inflat$1 matt]s began to take a m s]i\s turn4 ,half an h\r lat] !y approa*$ a crisis1 :5 x began to be kn[n t ! balloon /ill lack$ buoyancy1 & t ! supply ( gas 0 manife/ly insuffici5t4 ,! impati5ce ( ! mob inde$ 0 kept 9 re/ra9t by "o man alone4 ,?is man 0 ! ,pr9ce ( ,wales :o1 refus+ to jo9 ! company )9 ! build+ & c>eless ( ! attitude ( ! cr[d1 rema9$ ne> ! balloon to *eck disord] & unfair treatm5t4 ,b an h\r aft] "t ! balloon /ill re/$ in]t & !n1 ) f9e resolution1 ,lun>di tri$ "o la/ exp$i5t4 ,he bade 8 colleague1 ,mr4 ,bigg51 :o 0 to h asc5d$ ) him1 rema9 beh9d1 & quietly sub/itut+ a small] & light] wick] c>1 or r gall]y1 took 8 place )9 & sev]$ ! cords j z ! la/ gun fir$4 ,! ,pr9ce ( ,wales rais$ 8 hat1 imitat$ at once by all ! by/&]s1 & ! fir/ balloon t ev] quitt$ ,engli% soil rose into ! air amid ! extravagant en?usiasm ( ! multitude4 ,! intrepid a]onaut1 p>donably excit$1 & fe>ful le/ he %\ld n be se5 )9 ! gall]y1 made frantic ef=ts to attract att5tion by wav+ 8 flag1 & work$ 8 o>s s vigor\sly t "o ( !m broke & fell4 ,a pigeon also ga9$ its fre$om & escap$4 ,! voyag]1 h[ev]1 /ill reta9$ companions 9 8 v5ture--a dog & a cat4 ,foll[+ 8 own acc\nt1 ,lun>di's fir/ act on f9d+ himself fairly above ! t[n 0 to =tify himself ) "s glasses ( w9e1 & to dev\r ! leg ( a *ick54 ,he describes ! city z a va/ beehive1 ,/4 ,paul's & o!r *ur*es /&+ out prom95tly2 ! /reets %runk to l9es1 & all humanity app>5tly transfix$ & wat*+ him4 ,a little lat] he is equally /ruck ) ! view ( ! op5 c\ntry1 & 8 ec/asy is p>donable 9 a novice4 ,! v]dant pa/ures eclips$ ! visions ( 8 own l&s4 ,! precision ( b\nd>ies impress$ him ) a s5se ( law & ord]1 & ( good adm9i/ration 9 ! c\ntry :]e he 0 a soj\rn]4 ,by ?is "t he f\nd 8 balloon1 :i* _h be5 only two-?irds full at />t+1 to be s di/5d$ t he 0 oblig$ to untie ! m\? to release ! /ra94 ,he also f\nd t ! cond5s$ moi/ure r\nd ! neck _h froz54 ,^! two /atem5ts po9t to 8 hav+ rea*$ a consid]able altitude1 :i* is intelligible en\gh4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 difficult to believe 8 fur!r ass]tion t by ! use ( 8 s+le o> he succe$$ 9 work+ himself d[n to )9 a few hundr$ feet ( ! e>?4 ,! desc5t ( ! balloon mu/1 9 po9t ( fact1 h be5 due to a copi\s outru% ( gas at 8 =m] altitude4 ,_h 8 o> really be5 effective 9 work+ ! balloon d[n x w\ld n h ne$$ ! dis*>ge ( balla/ pres5tly spok5 ( to cause x to reasc5d4 ,anyh[1 he f\nd himself suffici5tly ne> ! e>? to l& a pass5g] :o 0 anxi\s to get out4 ,8 cat _h n be5 com=table 9 ! cold upp] regions1 & n[ at its urg5t appeal 0 deposit$ 9 a corn field1 :i* 0 ! po9t ( fir/ contact ) ! e>?4 ,x 0 c>efully receiv$ by a c\ntry-woman1 :o promptly sold x to a g5tleman on ! o!r side ( ! h$ge1 :o _h be5 pursu+ ! balloon4 ,! fir/ asc5t ( a balloon 9 ,engl& 0 des]v+ ( "s record1 & an acc\nt alike circum/antial & picturesque is =?com+4 ,! novel & a/oni%+ sight 0 witness$ by a ,h]t=d%ire f>m]1 ^: te/imony1 publi%$ by ,lun>di 9 ! same ye>1 runs z foll[s3-- ,?is depon5t on 8 oa? saye? t1 be+ on ,w$nesday1 ! #ae? day ( ,septemb] in/ant1 betwe5 ! h\rs ( ?ree & f\r 9 ! aft]noon1 9 a c]ta9 field call$ ,etna1 9 ! p>i% ( ,nor? ,mimms a=esaid1 he p]ceiv$ a l>ge ma*9e sail+ 9 ! air1 ne> ! place :]e he 0 on horseback2 t ! ma*9e cont9u+ to approa* ! e>?1 ! "p ( x 9 :i* ?is depon5t p]ceiv$ a g5tleman /&+ came to ! gr\nd & dragg$ a %ort way on ! gr\nd 9 a slant+ direction2 t ! "t :5 ?is ma*9e ?us t\*$ ! e>? 01 z ne> z ?is depon5t c\ld judge1 ab\t a qu>t] be=e f\r 9 ! aft]noon4 ,t ?is depon5t be+ on horseback1 & 8 horse re/ive1 he c\ld n approa* ne>] to ! ma*9e ?an ab\t f\r poles1 b t he c\ld pla9ly p]ceive !re9 g5tleman dress$ 9 light col\r$ cloa?s1 hold+ 9 8 h& a trumpet1 :i* _h ! appe>ance ( silv] or bright t94 ,t by ?is "t sev]al h>ve/ m5 com+ up f ! o!r "p ( ! field1 to ! numb] ( twelve m5 & ?irte5 wom51 ?is depon5t call$ to !m to endeav\r to /op ! ma*9e1 :i* ! m5 attempt$1 b ! g5tleman 9 ! ma*9e desir+ !m to desi/1 & ! ma*9e mov+ ) consid]able rapidity1 & cle>+ ! e>?1 w5t (f 9 a nor? direction & cont9u$ 9 sight at a v great height = ne> an h\r aft]w>ds4 ,& ?is depon5t fur!r sai? t ! "p ( ! ma*9e 9 ! :i* ! g5tleman /ood did n actually t\* ! gr\nd = m ?an half a m9ute1 dur+ :i* "t ! g5tleman ?rew out a p>cel ( :at appe>$ to ?is depon5t z dry s&4 ,t aft] ! ma*9e _h asc5d$ aga9 f ! e>? ?is depon5t p]ceiv$ a grapple ) f\r hooks1 :i* hung f ! bottom ( ! ma*9e1 dragg+ along ! gr\nd1 :i* c>ri$ up ) x into ! air a small p>cel ( loose oats1 :i* ! wom5 7 rak+ 9 ! field4 ,& ?is depon5t fur!r on 8 oa? saye? t :5 ! ma*9e _h ris5 cle> f ! gr\nd ab\t tw5ty y>ds ! g5tleman spoke to ?is depon5t & to ! re/ ( ! p ) 8 trumpet1 wi%+ !m goodbye & say+ t he %\ld soon g out ( sight4 ,& ?is depon5t fur!r on 8 oa? saye? t ! ma*9e 9 :i* ! g5tleman came d[n to e>? appe>$ to consi/ ( two di/9ct p>ts connect$ toge!r by ropes1 namely t 9 :i* ! g5tleman appe>$ to be1 a /age bo>d$ at ! bottom1 & cov]$ ) nett+ & ropes on ! sides ab\t f\r feet & a half high1 & ! o!r "p ( ! ma*9e appe>$ 9 ! %ape ( an urn1 ab\t ?irty feet high & ( ab\t ! same diamet]1 made ( canvas l oil sk91 ) gre51 r$1 & yell[ /ripes4 ,,na?aniel ,,:itbread4 ,sworn be=e me ?is tw5tie? day ( ,septemb]1 #aghd1 ,,william ,,bak]4 ,x 0 a curi\s fact1 po9t$ out to ! brave ,italian by a resid5t1 t ! field 9 :i* ! tempor>y desc5t _h be5 made 0 call$ indiff]5tly ,etna or ,italy1 f ! circum/ance :i* att5d$ ! late enclosure ( a l>ge quantity ( roots1 rubbi%1 etc41 hav+ be5 collect$ !re1 & hav+ cont9u$ burn+ = _m days4 ,! common p hav+ he>d ( a burn+ m\nta9 9 ,italy gave ! field t "n4 ,b ! voyage did n end at ,etna4 ,!1 z yet1 inexp]i5c$ a]onaut n[ ca/ out all available balla/ 9 ! %ape ( s&1 z also 8 provisions1 & ris+ ) great spe$1 soon rea*$ a great] altitude ?an be=e1 :i* he s\ght to /ill f>!r increase by ?r[+ d[n 8 plates1 knives1 & =ks4 ,9 ?is some:at reckless exp5diture he ?\ght himself ju/ifi$ by ! reliance he plac$ on 8 o>1 & x is n surpris+ t 9 ! end he owns t he ow$ 8 safety 9 8 f9al desc5t to 8 good =tune4 ,! n>rative cond5s$ concludes ?us3-- ,at tw5ty m9utes pa/ f\r ,i desc5d$ 9 a mead[ ne> ,w>e4 ,"s lab\r]s 7 at "w 9 x4 ,i reque/$ _! assi/ance1 b !y exclaim$ !y w\ld h no?+ to d ) "o :o came on ! ,devil's ,horse1 & no entreaties c\ld prevail on !m to approa* me4 ,i at la/ ow$ my deliv]ance to a "y woman 9 ! field :o took hold ( a cord ,i _h ?r[n out1 &1 call+ to ! m51 !y yield$ t assi/ance at h] reque/ :i* !y _h refus$ to m9e4 ,z may be suppos$1 ,lun>di's return to ,london resembl$ a royal progress4 ,inde$1 he 0 welcom$ z a conqu]or to :om ! :ole t[n s\ght to d hon\r1 & p]haps 8 greate/ gratification came by way ( ! acc\nts he ga!r$ ( incid5ts :i* occurr$ dur+ 8 ev5tful voyage4 ,at a d9n] at :i* he 0 be+ ent]ta9$ by ! ,"l ,mayor & judges he le>n$ t a lady see+ 8 fall+ o>1 & fancy+ t he himself 0 da%$ to pieces1 receiv$ a %ock !reby :i* caus$ h] dea?4 ,comm5t+ on ?is1 "o ( ! judges bade him be reassur$1 inasmu* z he _h1 z if by comp5sation1 sav$ ! life ( a "y man :o might live to be re=m$4 ,! "y man 0 a crim9al ^: condemnation 0 reg>d$ z c]ta9 at ! h&s ( ! jury be=e :om he 0 be+ arraign$1 :5 tid+s rea*$ ! c\rt t ,lun>di's balloon 0 9 ! air4 ,on ?is s mu* confusion arose t ! jury 7 unable to give due delib]ation to ! case1 &1 fe>+ to miss ! great sight1 actually agre$ to acquit ! prison]1 t !y !mselves might be free to leave ! c\rt6 ,b he 0 flatt]$ by a complim5t ( a yet high] ord]4 ,he 0 told t :ile he hov]$ ov] ,london ! ,k+ 0 9 conf]5ce ) 8 pr9cipal ,m9i/]s1 & 8 ,maje/y1 le>n+ t he 0 9 ! sky1 is report$ to h said to 8 c\ncillors1 ,we may resume our own delib]ations at pleasure1 b we may nev] see poor ,lun>di aga96 ,on ?is1 x is fur!r /at$ t ! conf]5ce broke up1 & ! ,k+1 att5d$ by ,mr4 ,pitt & o!r *ief (fic]s ( ,/ate1 cont9u$ to view ,lun>di ?r\gh telescopes z long z he rema9$ 9 ! horizon4 ,! public ,press1 notably ! ,morn+ ,po/ ( ,septemb] #af1 paid a wor?y tribute to ! h]o ( ! h\r1 & "o la/ act ( an exceptional "* 0 c>ri$ out 9 8 hon\r1 & rema9s 9 evid5ce to ?is h\r4 ,9 a mead[ 9 ! p>i% ( ,/&on1 ne> ,w>e1 !re /&s a r\gh hewn /one1 n[ protect$ by an iron rail4 ,x m>ks ! spot :]e ,lun>di l&$1 & on x is cut a leg5d :i* runs ?us3 ,let ,po/]ity "k ,& kn[+ be a/oni%$ t ,on ! #ae? day ( ,septemb] #aghd ,v9c5t ,lun>di ( ,lusca 9 ,tuscany ,! fir/ a]ial travell] 9 ,brita9 ,m\nt+ f ! ,artill]y ,gr\nd ,9 ,london ,& ,trav]s+ ! ,regions ( ! ,air ,= ,two ,h\rs & ,fifte5 ,m9utes ,9 ?is ,spot ,revisit$ ! ,e>?4 ,on ?is rude monum5t ,= ages be record$ ,t ,wondr\s ,ent]prise ,successfully at*iev$ ,by ! ,p[]s ( ,*emi/ry ,& ! ,=titude ( ,man ,t ,improvem5t 9 ,sci5ce ,:i* ,! ,great ,au?or ( all ,k ,patronyz+ by ,8 ,provid5ce ,! ,inv5tion ( ,mank9d ,ha? graci\sly p]mitt$ ,to ,_! ,b5efit ,& ,8 own ,et]nal ,glory4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,developm5t ,,( ,,balloon ,,philosophy4 ,9 less ?an two ye>s n only _h ! sci5ce ( balloon+ rea*$ almo/ its highe/ developm5t1 b ! balloon itself1 z an a]o/atic ma*9e1 _h be5 br\ght to a /ate ( p]fection :i* has be5 b little improv$ ^u up to ! pres5t h\r4 ,bett] or *eap] me?ods ( inflation 7 yet to be discov]$1 light] & m suitable mat]ial rema9$ to be manufactur$2 b ! navigation ( ! air1 :i* hi!rto ?r\gh all "t _h be5 beyond man's grasp1 _h be5 atta9$1 z x 71 at a b\nd1 & at ! h&s ( _m diff]5t & indep5d5t exp]im5tali/s 0 be+ pursu$ ) almo/ ! same degree ( success & safety z to-day4 ,nor 0 ?is all4 ,!re 0 yet ano!r triumph ( ! a]onautical art :i*1 )9 ! same brief p]iod1 _h be5 to all int5ts & purposes a*iev$1 ev5 if x _h n be5 br\ght to ! same /ate ( p]fection z at ! pres5t h\r4 ,?is 0 ! ,p>a*ute4 ,?is fact is "o :i* = a suffici5t reason is n g5]ally kn[n4 ,x is v commonly suppos$ t ! p>a*ute1 9 any?+ l its pres5t =m1 is a v mod]n device1 & t ! art ( successfully us+ x _h n be5 introduc$ to ! _w ev5 s lately z ?irty ye>s ago4 ,?us1 we f9d x /at$ 9 works ( t date deal+ ) ! subject t disa/r\s consequ5ces almo/ necess>ily att5d$ ! use ( ! p>a*ute1 ! defects ( :i* _h be5 attempt$ to be rem$i$ 9 v>i\s ways1 b up to ?is "t )\t success4 ,a m correct /atem5t1 h[ev]1 w\ld h be5 t ! art ( con/ruct+ & us+ a practicable p>a*ute _h ?r\gh _m ye>s be5 lo/ or =gott54 ,9 actual fact1 x _h be5 adopt$ ) e assurance ( complete success by ! ye> #aghe1 :5 ,blan*>d by its means l[]$ dogs & o!r animals ) safety f a balloon4 ,a few ye>s lat] he desc5d$ himself 9 a l app>atus f ,basle1 meet+1 h[ev]1 ) ! misadv5ture ( a brok5 leg4 ,b we mu/ g mu* fur!r back = ! actual conception ( ! p>a*ute1 :i*1 we might suppose1 may orig9ally h be5 sugge/$ by ! easy float+ motion ) :i* c]ta9 se$s or leaves w desc5d f l(ty trees1 or by ! mode adopt$ by birds ( dropp+ s(tly to e>? ) out-/ret*$ w+s4 ,m4 de la ,l\b]e1 9 8 hi/orical acc\nt ( ,siam1 :i* he visit$ 9 #afhg-hh1 speaks ( an +5i\s a?lete :o exce$+ly div]t$ ! ,k+ & 8 c\rt by leap+ f a height & support+ himself 9 ! air by two umbrellas1 ! h&les ( :i* 7 affix$ to 8 girdle4 ,9 #aghc1 t is1 ! same ye> z t 9 :i* ! balloon 0 inv5t$1 ,m4 le ,norm& exp]im5t$ ) a l umbrella-%ap$ contrivance1 ) a view to its adoption z a fire escape1 & he demon/rat$ ! s\ndness ( ! pr9ciple by desc5d+ himself f ! w9d[s ( a l(ty h\se at ,lyons4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 res]v$ = ,m4 ,jacques ,g>n]9 9 #agig to make ! fir/ p>a*ute desc5t t attract$ g5]al att5tion4 ,g>n]9 _h previ\sly be5 deta9$ z a ,/ate prison] 9 ! =tress ( ,bade1 9 ,hung>y1 aft] ! battle ( ,m>*i5nes 9 #agic1 & dur+ 8 conf9em5t _h pond]$ on ! possibility ( effect+ 8 escape by a p>a*ute4 ,8 solit>y cogitations & calculations result$1 aft] 8 release1 9 ! inv5tion & con/ruction ( an app>atus :i* he put to a practical te/ at ,p>is be=e ! c\rt ( ,france on ,octob] #bbnd1 #agig4 ,asc5d+ 9 a hydrog5 balloon to ! height ( ab\t #b1jjj feet1 he unhesitat+ly cut himself adrift1 :5 = "s di/ance he dropp$ l a /one4 ,! folds ( 8 app>atus1 h[ev]1 op5+ sudd5ly1 8 fall became in/antly *eck$4 ,! rema9d] ( 8 desc5t1 ?\gh leisurely1 occupy+1 9 fact1 "s twelve m9utes1 appe>$ to ! spectators to be att5d$ ) unc]ta9ty1 ow+ to a sw++ motion set up 9 ! c> to :i* he 0 cl++4 ,b ! fact rema9s t he rea*$ ! e>? ) only slight impact1 & entirely )\t injury4 ,x appe>s t ,g>n]9 subsequ5tly made _m equally successful p>a*ute desc5ts 9 ,france1 & dur+ ! %ort peace ( #ahjb visit$ ,london1 :]e he gave an exhibition ( 8 art4 ,f ! mo/ reliable acc\nts ( 8 exploit x w\ld seem t 8 drop 0 f a v great height1 & t a /rong gr\nd w9d 0 bl[+ at ! "t1 ! result ( :i* 0 t wild1 wide oscillations 7 set up 9 ! c>1 :i* n>r[ly escap$ br++ him 9 contact ) ! h\se tops 9 ,/4 ,pancreas1 & ev5tually swung him d[n into a field1 n )\t "s unpleasant scrat*es4 ,nor 0 ,g>n]9 ! only successful p>a*uti/ at ?is p]iod4 ,a ,poli% a]onaut1 ,jordaki ,kup>5to1 asc5d$ f ,w>saw on ! #bd? ( ,july1 #ahjd 9 a hot air balloon1 tak+ up1 z 0 ! cu/om1 an atta*$ furnace1 :i* caus$ ! balloon to take fire :5 at a great height4 ,kup>5to1 h[ev]1 :o 0 alone1 _h z a precaution provid$ himself ) a p>a*ute1 & ) ?is he seems to h f\nd no difficulty 9 effect+ a safe desc5t to e>?4 ,x 0 _m ye>s aft] ?is t fre% exp]im5tali/s1 introduc+ p>a*utes on new l9es & faulty 9 con/ruction1 met ) dea? or disa/]4 ,en\gh1 h[ev]1 has already be5 said to %[ t 9 ! e>ly ye>s we are n[ trav]s+ 9 ?is hi/ory a p]fectly practicable p>a*ute _h become an accompli%$ fact4 ,! e>ly =m is well describ$ by ,mr4 ,monck ,mason 9 a lett] to ! ,morn+ ,h]ald 9 #ahcg1 writt5 on ! eve ( an unrehe>s$ & fatal exp]im5t made by ,mr4 ,cock+1 :i* mu/ receive notice 9 due c\rse4 ,! pr9ciple1 writes ,mr4 ,monck ,mason1 ^u :i* all ^! p>a*utes 7 con/ruct$ is ! same1 & consi/s simply ( a flatt5$ dome ( silk or l95 f #bd feet to #bh feet 9 diamet]4 ,f ! out] m>g9 all ar\nd at /at$ int]vals proce$ a l>ge numb] ( cords1 9 l5g? ab\t ! diamet] ( ! dome itself1 :i*1 be+ collect$ toge!r 9 "o po9t & made fa/ to ano!r ( sup]ior dim5sions atta*$ to ! apex ( ! ma*9e1 s]ve to ma9ta9 x 9 its =m :5 exp&$ 9 ! progress ( ! desc5t4 ,to ?is c5tre cord likewise1 at a di/ance bel[ ! po9t ( junction1 v>y+ accord+ to ! fancy ( ! a]onaut1 is fix$ ! c> or basket 9 :i* he is seat$1 & ! :ole susp5d$ f ! network ( ! balloon 9 su* a mann] z to be capable ( be+ deta*$ 9 an in/ant at ! w ( ! individual by cutt+ ! rope by :i* x is made fa/ above4 ,x foll[$ almo/ z a matt] ( c\rse t s soon z ! balloon _h be5 made subject to some?+ l due control1 & ?us _h become recognis$ z a new ma*9e fairly r$uc$ to ! s]vice ( man1 x began to be reg>d$ z an in/rum5t :i* %\ld be made capable ( be+ devot$ to sci5tific rese>*4 ,inde$1 x may be claim$ t1 among ! v e>lie/ a]onauts1 ^? :o _h sail$ away into ! skies & br\ght back intellig5t obs]vations or impressions ( ! realm ( cl\d-l&1 or :o _h only describ$ _! own s5sations at l(ty altitudes1 _h already contribut$ facts ( value to sci5ce4 ,x is "t !n1 tak+ ev5ts 9 _! due sequ5ce1 t m5tion %\ld be made ( ! endeav\rs ( v>i\s savants1 :o began ab\t ! comm5cem5t ( ! n9ete5? c5tury to ga!r fre% k f ! exploration ( ! air by balloon asc5ts organis$ ) fitt+ equipm5t4 ,! "t _h n[ come = promot+ ! balloon to high] purposes ?an ^? ( m]e exhibition or amusem5t4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 x _h already 9 "o way be5 turn$ to s]i\s practical acc\nt4 ,x _h be5 us$ by ! ,fr5* dur+ milit>y op]ations 9 ! revolution>y w> z a mode ( reconnoitr+1 & n )\t success1 s t :5 aft] due trial ! w> balloon 0 judg$ ( value a numb] ( simil> balloons 7 con/ruct$ = ! use ( ! v>i\s divisions ( ! ,fr5* army1 &1 z w be told 9 its prop] place1 "o1 at lea/1 ( ^! 0 put to a positive te/ be=e ! battle ( ,fleurus4 ,b1 return+ to m /rictly sci5tific asc5ts1 :i* began to be moot$ at ?is p]iod1 we are at once impress$ ) ! widespread influ5ce :i* ! balloon 0 ex]cis+ on ?9k+ m9ds4 ,we note ?is f ! fact t :at mu/ be claim$ to be ! fir/ g5u9e asc5t = sci5tific obs]vation 0 made 9 altoge!r fre% gr\nd1 & at s di/ant a spot z ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,x 0 n[ ! ye> #ahjd1 & ! ,russian ,academy _h det]m9$ on attempt+ an exam9ation ( ! physical condition ( ! high] atmosph]e by means ( ! balloon4 ,! idea _h probably be5 sugge/$ by sci5tific obs]vations :i* _h already be5 made on m\nta9 heights by su* explor]s z ,de ,luc1 ,saussure1 ,humboldt1 & o!rs4 ,& n[ x 0 det]m9$ t _! results %\ld be te/$ alongside su* obs]vations z c\ld be ga!r$ 9 ! free heav5 f> remov$ f any di/urb+ effects t might be caus$ by contiguity to e>?4 ,! l9es ( enquiry to :i* special att5tion 0 requir$ 7 su* z w\ld be naturally sugge/$ by ! sci5tific k ( ! h\r1 ?\gh !y may read some:at qua9tly to-day4 ,w\ld !re be any *ange 9 ! int5sity ( ! magnetic =ce8 ,any *ange 9 ! incl9ation ( ! magnetis$ ne$le8 ,w\ld evaporation f9d a new law8 ,w\ld sol> rays increase 9 p[]8 ,:at am\nt ( electric matt] w\ld be f\nd8 ,:at *ange 9 ! col\rs produc$ by ! prism8 ,:at w\ld be ! con/itution ( ! high] & m att5uat$ air8 ,:at physical effect w\ld x h on human & bird life8 ,! asc5t 0 made at #g4ae on a summ] ev5+ by ,m4 ,rob]tson & ! ,academician1 ,m4 ,sa*>(1 to :om we are indebt$ = ! foll[+ resume ( notes1 :i* h a special value z be+ ! fir/ ( _! class4 ,ris+ sl[ly1 a diff]5ce ( atmosph]e ov] ! ,neva gave ! balloon a d[nw>d motion1 necessitat+ ! dis*>ge ( balla/4 ,z late z #h4de p4m4 a f9e view 0 obta9$ ( ! ,newski ,isl&s1 & ! :ole c\rse ( ! neighb\r+ riv]4 ,at #i4bj p4m41 :5 ! b>omet] _h fall5 f #cj in*es to #bc in*es1 a can>y & a dove 7 dismiss$1 ! =m] fall+ precipitately1 :ile ! latt] sail$ d[n to a village bel[4 ,all available balla/ 0 n[ ?r[n out1 includ+ a sp>e great coat & ! rema9s ( supp]1 ) ! result t at #i4cj ! b>omet] _h fall5 to #bb in*es1 & at ?is height !y caught sight ( ! upp] rim ( ! sun4 ,! action ( he>t & lungs rema9$ normal4 ,no />s 7 se51 ?\gh ! sky 0 ma9ly cle>1 su* cl\ds z 7 visible appe>+ :ite & at a great height4 ,! e*o ( a speak+ trumpet 0 he>d aft] an int]val ( t5 seconds4 ,?is 0 sub/antially ! outcome ( ! exp]im5ts4 ,! practical difficulties ( c>ry+ out pre>rang$ obs]vations amid ! inconv5i5ce ( balloon travel 7 mu* felt4 ,_! in/rum5ts 7 s]i\sly damag$1 & _! results1 despite mo/ pa9/ak+ & praisewor?y ef=ts1 mu/ be reg>d$ z some:at disappo9t+4 ,b ere ! autumn ( ! same ye> two o!r sci5tific asc5ts1 admirably s*em$ & f9anc$ at ! public exp5se1 _h be5 successfully c>ri$ out at ,p>is 9 a w> balloon :i*1 z w be told1 _h at ?is "t be5 return$ f milit>y op]ations 9 ,egypt4 ,9 ! fir/ ( ^!1 ,gay ,lussac asc5d$ 9 company ) ,m4 ,biot1 ) v complete equipm5t4 ,*oos+ t5 o'clock 9 ! morn+ = _! h\r ( dep>ture1 !y quickly ent]$ a region ( ?91 b wet fog1 aft] :i* !y %ot up into d5s] cl\d1 :i* !y completely surm\nt$ at a height ( #f1ejj feet1 :5 !y describ$ ! upp] surface z be>+ ! resemblance1 famili> en\gh to a]onauts & m\nta9e]s1 z ( a :ite sea brok5 up into g5tly swell+ bill[s1 or ( an ext5d$ pla9 cov]$ ) sn[4 ,a s]ies ( simple exp]im5ts n[ emb>k$ ^u %[$ ! behavi\r ( magnetis$ iron1 z also ( a galvanic pile or batt]y1 to rema9 unalt]$4 ,z _! altitude increas$ _! pulses quick5$1 ?\gh beyond feel+ ke5ly ! contra/ ( a cold] air & ( scor*+ rays ( ! sun !y exp]i5c$ no physical discom=t4 ,at #aa1jjj feet a l9net :i* !y lib]at$ fell to ! e>? almo/ helplessly1 :ile a pigeon ) difficulty ma9ta9$ an irregul> & precipitate flight4 ,a c>efully compil$ record 0 made ( v>iations ( temp]ature & humidity1 & !y succe$$ 9 det]m9+ t ! upp] air 0 *>g$ ) negative electricity4 ,9 all ?is ^! two accompli%$ physici/s may be said to h c>ri$ out a brilliant a*ievem5t1 ev5 ?\gh _! actual results may seem some:at meagre4 ,!y n only 7 _! own a]onauts1 b succe$$ 9 arrang+ & c>ry+ out cont9u\s & sy/ematic obs]vations ?r\gh\t ! p]iod ( _! rema9+ 9 ! sky4 ,?is voyage 0 reg>d$ z su* a pron\nc$ success t ?ree weeks lat]1 9 mid-,septemb]1 ,gay ,lussac 0 induc$ to asc5d aga91 ?is "t alone1 & "u circum/ances t %\ld enable him to rea* an exceptionally high altitude4 ,exp]i5ce _h taught ! advisability ( c]ta9 modifications 9 8 equipm5t4 ,a magnet 0 +5i\sly slung ) a view ( te/+ its oscillation ev5 9 spite ( accid5tal gyrations 9 ! balloon4 ,!rmomet]s & hygromet]s 7 c>efully %elt]$ f ! direct action ( ! sun1 & exhau/$ flasks 7 suppli$ ) ! object ( br++ d[n samples ( upp] air = subsequ5t analysis4 ,aga9 x 0 an e>ly morn+ asc5t1 ) a b>omet] on ! gr\nd /&+ at #cj4f in*es1 & a slightly mi/y air4 ,lussac appe>s to h accompli%$ ! exce$+ly difficult task ( c\nt+ ! oscillations ( 8 magnet ) satisfaction to himself4 ,at #aj1jjj feet tw5ty vibrations occupi$ #hc seconds1 z comp>$ ) #hd4cc seconds at ! e>?'s surface4 ,! v>iation ( ! compass rema9$ unalt]$1 z also ! behavi\r ( magnetis$ iron at all altitudes4 ,keep+ 8 balloon "u p]fect control1 & ma9ta9+ a uni=m & /eady asc5t1 he at ! same "t succe$$ 9 compil+ an accurate table ( read+s record+ atmosph]ic pressure1 temp]ature & humidity1 & x is int]e/+ to f9d t he 0 confront$ ) an app>5t anomaly :i* w commonly pres5t itself to ! a]onaut obs]v]4 ,up to #ab1jjj feet ! temp]ature _h decreas$ consi/5tly f #hb degrees to #dg degrees1 aft] :i* x increas$ #f degrees 9 ! next #b1jjj feet4 ,?is by no means uncommon exp]i5ce %all be pres5tly discuss$4 ,! balloon 0 n[ /eadily manoeuvr$ up to #ah1fcf feet1 at :i* height freez+ po9t 0 practically rea*$4 ,!n ) a fur!r climb #bj1jjj feet is record$1 at :i* altitude ! ard5t philosoph] c\ld /ill att5d to 8 magnetic obs]vations1 nor is 8 ardu\s & unassi/$ task ab&on$ "h1 b ) m>vell\s p]t9acity he yet /ruggl$ upw>ds till a height ( no less ?an #bc1jjj feet is record$1 & ! !rmomet] _h sunk to #ad degrees ,f4 ,f\r miles & a qu>t] above ! level ( ! sea1 rea*$ by a solit>y a]ial explor]1 ^: legitimate tra9+ lay ap>t f a]onautics1 & ^: ma9 c>e 0 ! obs]vation ( ! philosophical in/rum5ts he c>ri$6 ,! a*ievem5t ( ?is ,fr5* savant makes a brilliant record 9 ! e>ly pages ( our hi/ory4 ,x is n surpris+ t ,lussac %\ld own to hav+ felt no inconsid]able p]sonal discom=t be=e 8 v5ture 0 ov]4 ,9 spite ( w>m clo?+ he suff]$ greatly f cold & b5umb$ f+]s1 n less also f lab\r$ brea?+ & a quick5$ pulse2 heada*e sup]v5$1 & 8 ?roat became p>*$ & unable to swall[ food4 ,9 spite ( all1 he conduct$ ! desc5t ) ! utmo/ skill1 climb+ d[n quietly & gradually till he alight$ ) g5tle ease at ,/4 ,g\rg51 ne> ,r\54 ,x may be m5tion$ "h t ! analysis ( ! samples ( air :i* he _h br\ght d[n prov$ !m to conta9 ! normal proportion ( oxyg51 & to be ess5tially id5tical1 z te/$ 9 ! laboratory1 ) ! free air secur$ at ! surface ( ! e>?4 ,! sudd5 & app>5tly unacc\ntable v>iation 9 temp]ature record$ by ,lussac is a /rik+ revelation to an a]ial obs]v]1 & becomes yet m m>k$ :5 m s5sitive in/rum5ts are us$ ?an ^? :i* 7 tak5 up on ! occasion j relat$4 ,x w be record$ 9 a future *apt] h[ m suitable in/rum5ts came 9 c\rse ( "t to be devis$4 ,x is only necess>y to po9t out at ?is /age t in/rum5ts :i* lack due s5sibility w unavoidably read too high 9 asc5ts1 & too l[ 9 desc5ts :]e1 accord+ to ! g5]al law1 ! air is f\nd to gr[ con/antly cold] ) elevation above ! e>?'s surface4 ,x is /rong evid5ce ( consid]able effici5cy 9 ! in/rum5ts1 & ( c>eful att5tion on ! "p ( ! obs]v]1 t ,lussac 0 able to record ! tempor>y inv]sion ( ! law ( *ange ( temp]ature above-m5tion$4 ,_h he possess$ mod]n in/rum5tal equipm5t he w\ld h br\ght d[n a yet m rem>kable acc\nt ( ! upp] regions :i* he visit$1 & le>n$ t ! v>iations ( heat & cold 7 consid]ably m /rik+ ?an he suppos$4 ,) a specially devis$ in/rum5t us$ ) special precautions1 ! writ]1 z w be %[n h]eaft]1 has be5 able to prove t ! temp]ature ( ! air1 z trav]s$ 9 ! wayw>d c\rse ( a balloon1 is probably f> m v>iable & complex ?an has be5 record$ by mo/ obs]v]s4 ,! exceptional height claim$ to h be5 rea*$ by ,gay ,lassac ne$ n = a mom5t be que/ion$1 & ! fact t he did n exp]i5ce ! same p]sonal inconv5i5ce z has be5 compla9$ ( by m\nta9 climb]s at f> less altitudes admits ( ready explanation4 ,! physical ex]tion dem&$ ( ! m\nta9e] is entirely abs5t 9 ! case ( an a]onaut :o is sail+ at p]fect ease 9 a free balloon4 ,moreov]1 x mu/ be rememb]$ t--a mo/ important consid]ation--! a]ial voyag]1 necess>ily travell+ ) ! w9d1 is unconsci\s1 save at exceptional mom5ts1 ( any breeze :atev]1 & x is a well-e/abli%$ fact t a degree ( cold :i* might be insupportable :5 a breeze is /irr+ may be b little felt 9 dead calm4 ,x %\ld also be rememb]$1 9 duly reg>d+ ,gay ,lussac's rem>kable record1 t ?is 0 n 8 fir/ exp]i5ce ( high altitudes1 & x is an ackn[l$g$ tru? t an a]onaut1 especially if he be an en?usia/1 quickly becomes acclimatis$ to 8 new elem5t1 & suffici5tly inur$ to its occasional rig\rs4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,"s ,,fam\s ,,e>ly ,,voyag]s4 ,dur+ c]ta9 ye>s :i* n[ foll[ x w possibly be ?\ght t our hi/ory1 s f> z incid5ts ( special int]e/ are conc]n$1 some:at langui%es4 ,yet x may be wrong to reg>d ?is p]iod z "o ( /agnation or retrogression4 ,be=e pass+ on to lat] annals1 h[ev]1 we mu/ duly *ronicle c]ta9 exceptional a*ievem5ts & endeav\rs z yet unm5tion$1 :i* /& out prom95tly 9 ! p]iod we h be5 reg>d+ z also 9 ! advanc+ ye>s ( ! new c5tury ,among ^! mu/ 9 ju/ice be includ$ ^? :i* come into ! rem>kable1 if some:at pa!tic subsequ5t c>e] ( ! brilliant1 intrepid ,lun>di4 ,compell+ ev]y:]e unb\nd$ admiration he readily secur$ ! means necess>y = c>ry+ out fur!r exploits :]ev] he desir$ :ile at ! same "t he met ) a measure ( good =tune 9 fre$om f misadv5ture su* z has g5]ally be5 d5i$ to less bold adv5tur]s4 ,)9 a few mon?s ( ! "t :5 we left him1 ! popul> h]o & happy recipi5t ( civic & royal fav\rs1 we f9d him 9 ,scotl& attempt+ feats :i* a k ( practical difficulties bids u reg>d z extraord9>y4 ,to beg9 )1 no?+ appe>s m rem>kable ?an ! ease1 exp$ition1 & c]ta9ty ) :i* 9 days :5 necess>y facilities mu/ h be5 f> h>d] to come by ?an n[1 he c\ld always fill 8 balloon by ! usually t$i\s & tr\blesome mode att5d+ hydrog5 inflation4 ,we see him at 8 fir/ ,scotti% asc5t1 complet+ ! op]ation 9 little m ?an two h\rs4 ,x is ! same lat] at ,glasg[1 :]e1 comm5c+ ) only a portion ( 8 app>atus1 he f9ds ! inflation actually to proce$ too rapidly = 8 purpose1 & has to hold ! p[]s at 8 comm& /rongly 9 *eck4 ,lat]1 9 ,decemb] wea!r1 hav+ /ill fur!r improv$ 8 app>atus1 he makes 8 balloon support itself aft] ! inflation ( only t5 m9utes4 ,!n1 z if assur$ ( impunity1 he treats recognis$ risks ) a species ( contempt4 ,at ,kelso he hails almo/ ) joy ! fact t ! w9d mu/ c>ry him rapidly t[>ds ! sea1 :i* 9 ! end he n>r[ly escapes4 ,at ,glasg[ ! *ances ( safe l&+ are /ill m aga9/ him1 yet he has no hesitation 9 />t+1 & at la/ ! cata/rophe he seem$ to c\rt actually ov]took him1 & he plump$ into ! sea ne> ,b]wick1 :]e no sail 0 ev5 9 sight1 & a w9t]'s night com+ on4 ,f ?is pr$icam5t he 0 rescu$ by a special provid5ce :i* once be=e _h n des]t$ him1 :5 9 a tumult ( viol5t & contr>y curr5ts1 & at a great height to boot1 8 gall]y 0 almo/ completely c>ri$ away1 & he _h to cl+ on to ! hoop desp]ately ) bo? h&s4 ,!n we lose sight ( ! dauntless1 light-he>t$ ,italian = "o-&-tw5ty ye>s1 :5 9 ! ,g5tleman's ,magaz9e ( ,july #ca1 #ahjf1 appe>s ! brief l9e1 ,di$ 9 ! conv5t ( ,b>bad9as1 ( a decl9e1 ,mr4 ,v9c5t ,lun>di1 ! celebrat$ a]onaut4 ,g>n]91 ( :om m5tion has already be5 made1 accompli%$ 9 ! summ] ( #ahjb two a]ial voyages m>k$ by extreme velocity 9 ! rate ( travel4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is also rem>kable z hav+ be5 ! fir/ to fairly cross ! he>t ( ,london4 ,capta9 ,sn[don1 ,r4,n41 accompani$ ! a]onaut4 ,! asc5t took place f ,*elsea ,g>d5s1 & prov$ s great an attraction t ! cr[d ov]fl[$ into ! neighb\r+ p>ts ( ! t[n1 *ok+ up ! ?or\ghf>es ) vehicles1 & cov]+ ! riv] ) boats4 ,on be+ lib]at$1 ! balloon sp$ rapidly away1 tak+ a c\rse midway betwe5 ! riv] & ! ma9 highway ( ! ,/r&1 ,fleet ,/reet1 & ,*eapside1 & s pass$ f view ( ! multitude4 ,su* a dep>ture c\ld h>dly fail to lead to subsequ5t adv5tures1 & ?is is pi?ily told 9 a lett] writt5 by ,g>n]9 himself3 ,i take ! e>lie/ opportunity ( in=m+ y t aft] a v pleasant j\rney1 b aft] ! mo/ dang]\s desc5t ,i ev] made1 on acc\nt ( ! boi/]\s wea!r & ! vic9ity ( ! sea1 we alight$ at ! di/ance ( f\r miles f ?is place & sixty f ,ranelagh4 ,we 7 only ?ree-qu>t]s ( an h\r on ! way4 ,to-night ,i int5d to be 9 ,london ) ! balloon1 :i* is torn to pieces4 ,we ourselves are all ov] bruises4 ,only a week aft] ! same a]onaut asc5d$ aga9 f ,m>ylebone1 :5 he atta9$ almo/ ! same velocity1 rea*+ ,*+=d1 a di/ance ( sev5te5 miles1 9 fifte5 m9utes4 ,! *ief dang] att5d+ a balloon j\rney 9 a high w9d1 suppos+ no injury has be5 su/a9$ 9 fill+ & laun*+1 results n s mu* f impact ) ! gr\nd on alight+ z f ! subsequ5t almo/ inevitable dragg+ along ! gr\nd4 ,! grapnels1 spurn+ ! op51 w (t5 obta9 no grip save 9 a h$ge or tree1 & ev5 !n l>ge b\ghs w be brok5 ?r\gh or dragg$ away1 releas+ ! balloon on a fre% c>e] :i* may1 = a :ile1 increase 9 mad impetuosity z ! empty+ silk (f]s a deep] holl[ = ! w9d to cat*4 ,! elem5t ( risk is ( ano!r nature 9 ! case ( a night asc5t1 :5 ! actual alight+ gr\nd _c be duly *os5 or =ese54 ,among _m record night asc5ts may "h1 some:at by anticipation ( ev5ts1 be m5tion$ two emb>k$ ^u by ! h]o ( our la/ adv5ture4 ,m4 ,g>n]9 0 engag$ to make a spectacul> asc5t f ,tivoli at ,p>is1 leav+ ! gr\nds at night ) atta*$ lamps illum9at+ 8 balloon4 ,8 fir/ essay 0 on a night ( e>ly ,augu/1 :5 he asc5d$ at #aa p4m41 rea*+ a height ( ne>ly ?ree miles4 ,rema9+ al(t ?r\gh ! h\rs ( d>kness1 he witness$ ! sun rise at half-pa/ two 9 ! morn+1 & ev5tually came to e>? aft] a j\rney ( "s sev5 h\rs1 dur+ :i* "t he _h cov]$ consid]ably m ?an a hundr$ miles4 ,a l bold adv5ture c>ri$ out f ! same gr\nds ! foll[+ mon? 0 att5d$ ) grav] p]il4 ,a heavy ?und]/orm appe>+ imm95t1 ,g>n]9 elect$ to asc5d ) great rapidity1 ) ! result t 8 balloon1 "u ! dim9i%$ pressure1 quickly became di/5d$ to an al>m+ degree1 & he 0 r$uc$ to ! necessity ( pi]c+ a hole 9 ! silk1 :ile = safety's sake he endeav\r$ to ext+ui% all lamps )9 rea*4 ,he n[ lo/ all control ov] 8 balloon1 :i* became unmanageable 9 ! conflict ( ! /orm4 ,hav+ exhau/$ 8 balla/1 he pres5tly 0 rudely br\ght to e>? & !n borne aga9/ a m\nta9 side1 f9ally los+ consci\sness until ! balloon _h f\nd an*orage ?ree hundr$ miles away f ,p>is4 ,a night asc5t1 :i* reads z yet m s5sational & extraord9>y1 is report$ to h be5 made a ye> or two previ\sly1 & :5 x is consid]$ t ! balloon us$ 0 ( ! ,montgolfi] type ! acc\nt z x is h&$ d[n w be all[$ to be )\t p>allel4 ,x runs ?us3 ,c\nt ,zambecc>i1 ,dr4 ,grassati ( ,rome1 & ,m4 ,pascal ,&reoli ( ,antona asc5d$ on a ,novemb] night f ,bologna1 all[+ _! balloon to rise ) excessive velocity4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is rapid transition to an extreme altitude ! ,c\nt & ! ,doctor became ins5sible1 leav+ ,&reoli alone 9 possession ( 8 faculties4 ,at two o'clock 9 ! morn+ !y f\nd !mselves desc5d+ ov] ! ,adriatic1 at :i* "t a lant]n :i* !y c>ri$ expir$ & 0 ) difficulty re-light$4 ,cont9u+ to desc5d1 !y pres5tly pit*$ 9 to ! sea & became dr5*$ ) salt wat]4 ,x may seem surpris+ t ! balloon1 :i* c\ld n be prev5t$ fall+ 9 ! wat]1 is yet enabl$ to asc5d f ! grip ( ! waves by ! m]e dis*>ge ( balla/4 7,x w\ld be int]e/+ to inquire :at mean:ile happ5$ to ! fire :i* !y presumably c>ri$ ) !m47 ,!y n[ rose into regions ( cl\d1 :]e !y became cov]$ ) ho> fro/ & also /one deaf4 ,at #c a4m4 !y 7 (f ! coa/ ( ,i/ria1 once m battl+ ) ! waves till pick$ up by a %ore boat4 ,! balloon1 reliev$ ( _! weight1 !n flew away into ,turkey4 ,h[ev] ov]drawn ?is n>rative may appe>1 x mu/ be read 9 ! light ( ano!r acc\nt1 ! b>e1 h>d facts ( :i* c admit ( no "q4 ,x is five ye>s lat]1 & once aga9 ,c\nt ,zambecc>i is asc5d+ f ,bologna1 ?is "t 9 company ) ,signor ,bonagna4 ,aga9 x is a ,montgolfi] or fire balloon1 & on ne>+ e>? x becomes entangl$ 9 a tree & cat*es fire4 ,! a]onauts jump = _! lives1 & ! ,c\nt is kill$ on ! spot4 ,c]ta9ly1 :5 e all[ance is made = p>donable or un9t5tional exagg]ation1 x mu/ be conc$$ t !re 7 giants 9 ^? days4 ,giants 9 ! conception & accompli%m5t ( de$s ( l(ty d>+4 ,m5 :o came sca?less ?r\gh supreme dang] by virtue ( ! calmness & c\rage ) :i* !y )/ood x4 ,among o!r appall+ disa/]s we h an example ( a t]rific desc5t f a va/ height 9 :i* ! adv5tur]s yet escape ) _! lives4 ,x 0 ! summ] ( #ahjh1 & ! a]onauts1 ,,mm4 ,&reoli & ,brios*i1 asc5d+ f ,padua1 rea* a height at :i* a b>omet] s9ks to eight in*es1 indicat+ upw>ds ( #cj1jjj feet4 ,at ?is po9t ! balloon bur/s1 & falls precipitately ne> ,petr>*'s tomb4 ,comm5t+ on ?is1 ,mr4 ,glai%]1 ! value ( ^: op9ion is second to none1 is n dispos$ to "q ! g5]al tru? ( ! n>rative4 ,9 reg>d to ,zambecc>i's escape f ! sea relat$ above1 x %\ld be /at$ t 9 ! case ( a gas-inflat$ balloon :i* has no m ?an dipp$ its c> or gall]y 9 ! waves1 x is g5]ally p]fectly possible to raise x aga9 f ! wat]1 provid$ !re is on bo>d a /ore ( balla/1 ! dis*>ge ( :i* w suffici5tly light5 ! balloon4 ,a case 9 po9t occurr$ 9 a mo/ romantic & p]il\s voyage accompli%$ by ,mr4 ,sadl] on ! #a/ ( ,octob]1 #ahab4 ,8 adv5ture is "o ( extraord9>y int]e/1 & ( no little value to ! practical a]onaut4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt is cond5s$ f ,mr4 ,sadl]'s own n>rative4 ,he />t$ f ! gr\nds ( ,belv$]e ,h\se1 ,dubl91 ) ! express$ int5tion ( endeav\r+ to cross ov] ! ,iri% ,*annel to ,liv]pool4 ,!re appe> to h be5 two pr9cipal air drifts1 an upp] & a l[]1 by means ( :i* he ent]ta9$ fair hopes ( /e]+ 8 desir$ c\rse4 ,b f ! outset he 0 m5ac$ ) dang]s & difficulties4 ,ere he _h left ! l& he discov]$ a r5t 9 8 silk :i*1 occasion$ by "s accid5t be=e leav+1 %[$ signs ( ext5d+4 ,to rea* ?is1 x 0 necess>y to extemporise by means ( a rope a species ( ratl9s by :i* he c\ld climb ! rigg+4 ,he !n contriv$ to close ! r5t ) 8 neckclo?4 ,he 01 by ?is "t1 ov] ! sea1 &1 manoeuvr+ 8 craft by aid ( ! two curr5ts at 8 disposal1 he 0 c>ri$ to ! s\? %ore ( ! ,isle ( ,man1 :5ce he 0 confid5t ( be+ able1 _h he desir$ x1 ( l&+ 9 ,cumb]l&4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 be+ contr>y to 8 int5tion1 he entru/$ himself to ! high] curr5t1 & by x 0 c>ri$ to ! nor?-we/ ( ,holyhead4 ,"h he dropp$ once aga9 to ! l[] curr5t1 drift+ s\? ( ! ,sk]ry ,ligh?\se across ! ,isle ( ,anglesea1 & at #d4cj p4m4 f\nd himself abrea/ ( ! ,great ,orme's ,head4 ,ev5+ n[ approa*+1 he _h det]m9$ to seek a l&+1 b at ?is critical juncture ! w9d %ift$ to ! s\?w>d1 & he became bl[n out to sea4 ,!n1 = an h\r1 he appe>s to h tri$ high & l[ = a m fav\rable curr5t1 b )\t success2 &1 feel+ ! dang] ( 8 situation1 &1 moreov]1 sight+ no less ?an five vessels beat+ d[n ! ,*annel1 he boldly desc5d$ 9 ! sea ab\t a mile a/]n ( !m4 ,he mu/ = c]ta9 h be5 obs]v$ by ^! vessels2 b ea* & all held on _! c\rse1 &1 ?us des]t$1 ! a]onaut _h no *oice b to dis*>ge balla/1 &1 quitt+ ! waves1 to rega9 8 legitimate elem5t4 ,8 exp]i5ces at ?is p]iod ( 8 extraord9>y voyage are be/ told 9 8 own words4 ,at ! "t ,i desc5d$ ! sun 0 ne> sett+ ,already ! %ad[s ( ev5+ _h ca/ a dusky hue ov] ! face ( ! ocean1 & a crimson gl[ purpl$ ! tops ( ! waves z1 heav+ 9 ! ev5+ breeze1 !y di$ away 9 di/ance1 or broke 9 foam aga9/ ! sides ( ! vessels1 & be=e ,i rose f ! sea ! orb _h sunk bel[ ! horizon1 leav+ only ! twilight glimm] to light ! va/ expanse ar\nd me4 ,h[ great1 !re=e1 0 my a/oni%m5t1 & h[ incapable is expression to convey an adequate idea ( my feel+s :51 ris+ to ! upp] region ( ! air1 ! sun1 ^: p>t+ beams ,i _h already witness$1 aga9 bur/ on my view1 & encompass$ me ) ! full blaze ( day4 ,b5ea? me hung ! %ad[s ( ev51 :il/ ! cle> beams ( ! sun glitt]$ on ! float+ vehicle :i* bore me along rapidly be=e ! w9d4 ,aft] a :ile he sights ?ree m vessels1 :i* signify _! will+ness to /& by1 :]eupon he promptly desc5ds1 dropp+ b5ea? ! two re>-mo/ ( !m4 ,f ?is po9t ! n>rative ( ! s9k+ man1 & ! gallant attempt at rescue1 w rival any l tale ( ! sea4 ,= ! w9d1 n[ fa/ ris+1 caught ! half empty balloon s soon z ! c> t\*$ ! sea1 & ! vessel a/]n1 ?\gh 9 full pursuit1 0 :olly unable to come up4 ,obs]v+ ?is1 ,mr4 ,sadl]1 tru/+ m to ! vessel ahead1 dropp$ 8 grappl+ iron by way ( drag1 & %ortly aft]w>ds tri$ ! fur!r exp$i5t ( tak+ (f 8 clo!s & atta*+ !m to ! iron4 ,! vessels1 despite ^! endeav\rs1 fail+ to ov]haul him1 he at la/1 ?\gh ) reasonable reluctance1 det]m9$ to fur!r cripple ! craft t bore him s rapidly by lib]at+ a l>ge quantity ( gas1 a desp]ate1 ?\gh necess>y1 exp$i5t :i* ne>ly co/ him 8 life4 ,= ! c> n[ in/antly sank1 & ! un=tunate man1 clut*+ at ! hoop1 f\nd he c\ld n ev5 s keep himself above ! wat]1 & 0 r$uc$ to cl++1 z a la/ hope1 to ! nett+4 ,! result ( ?is c\ld be =ese51 = he 0 frequ5tly plung$ "u wat] by ! m]e roll+ ( ! balloon4 ,cold & ex]tion soon told on him1 z he clung frantically to ! valve rope1 & :5 8 /r5g? fail$ him he actually risk$ ! exp$i5t ( pass+ 8 head ?r\gh ! me%es ( ! net4 ,x 0 obvi\s t = avail help mu/ soon come2 yet ! pursu+ vessel1 n[ close1 appe>$ to hold (f1 fe>+ to become entangl$ 9 ! net1 & 9 ?is desp]ate extremity1 fa9t+ f exhau/ion & sc>cely able to cry al\d1 ,mr4 ,sadl] himself seems to h div9$ ! *ance yet left2 =1 summon+ 8 fail+ /r5g?1 he %\t$ to ! sailors to run _! b[sprit ?r\gh 8 balloon4 ,?is 0 done1 & ! dr[n+ man 0 haul$ on bo>d ) ! life sc>cely 9 him4 ,a fitt+ sequel to ! above adv5ture foll[$ five ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,! ,iri% ,sea rema9$ unconqu]$4 ,no ballooni/ _h z yet ev] cross$ its wat]s4 ,:o w\ld attempt ! feat once m8 ,:o m wor?y ?an ! h]o's own son1 ,mr4 ,w9dham ,sadl]8 ,?is aspir+ a]onaut1 emulat+ 8 fa!r's ent]pris+ _s1 *ose ! same />t+ gr\nd at ,dubl91 & on ! longe/ day ( #ahag1 :5 w9ds seem$ fav\rable1 left ! ,porto ,bello b>racks at #a4bj p4m4 ,8 endeav\r 0 to tack 8 c\rse by su* curr5ts z he %\ld f9d1 9 ! mann] attempt$ by 8 fa!r1 & at />t+ ! gr\nd curr5t blew fav\rably f ! ,w4,s4,w4 ,he1 h[ev]1 all[$ 8 balloon to rise to too high an altitude1 :]e he mu/ h be5 tak5 aback by a contr>y drift2 =1 on desc5d+ aga9 ?r\gh a %[] ( sn[1 he f\nd himself no fur!r ?an ,b5 ,h[?1 z yet only t5 miles on 8 long j\rney4 ,pr(it+ by 8 mi/ake1 he !nce=w>d1 by skilful regulation1 kept 8 balloon )9 due limits1 & successfully ma9ta9$ a direct c\rse across ! sea1 rea*+ a spot 9 ,wales n f> f ,holyhead an h\r & a half be=e sund[n4 ,! c\rse tak5 0 absolutely ! %orte/ possible1 be+ little m ?an sev5ty miles1 :i* he trav]s$ 9 five h\rs4 ,f ?is p]iod ( our /ory1 notewor?y ev5ts 9 a]onautical hi/ory gr[ few & f> betwe54 ,z a m]e exhibition ! novelty ( a balloon asc5t _h mu* worn (f4 ,no exp]im5tali/ 0 ready ) any new dep>ture 9 ! art4 ,no fre% adv5ture pres5t$ itself to ! m9ds ( ! m ent]pris+ spirits2 &1 :]eas a few ye>s previ\sly balloon+ exploits cr[d$ into e summ] season & 7 n neglect$ ev5 9 w9t] mon?s1 !re is n[ = a :ile little to *ronicle1 ei!r abroad or 9 our own c\ntry4 ,a c]ta9 revival ( ! s5sational elem5t 9 balloon+ 0 occasionally witness$1 & n )\t mi%ap1 z 9 ! case ( ,madame ,blan*>d1 :o1 9 ! summ] ( #ahai1 asc5d+ at night ) fireworks f ! ,tivoli ,g>d5s1 ,p>is1 manag$ to set fire to h] balloon & lo/ h] life 9 h] t]rific fall4 ,half a doz5 ye>s lat] a ,mr41 z also ,mrs41 ,graham figure be=e ! public 9 "s bold spectacul> asc5ts4 ,b ! fame ( any a]onaut ( t date mu/ inevitably pale be=e ! dawn+ light %$ by two />s ( ! fir/ magnitude t 7 aris+ 9 two opposite p>ts ( ! _w--,mr4 ,john ,wise 9 ,am]ica1 & ,mr4 ,*>les ,gre5 9 our own c\ntry4 ,! latt] ( ^!1 :o has be5 well /yl$ ! ,fa!r ( ,engli% ,a]onautics1 n[ ent]$ on a long & hon\r$ c>e] ( s great importance & success t we mu/ res]ve = him a sep>ate & special *apt]4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,*>les ,,gre5 ,,& ,,! ,,nassau ,,balloon4 ,! balloon1 :i* _h gradually be5 dropp+ out ( fav\r1 _h n[ be5 virtually laid aside1 &1 to all appe>ance1 might h cont9u$ s1 :51 z if by *ance concurr5ce ( ev5ts1 !re arriv$ bo? ! h\r & ! man to re/ore x to ! _w1 & to inve/ x ) a new practicability & importance4 ,! coronation ( ,george ! ,f\r? 0 at h&1 & ?is became a befitt+ occasion = ! r>e g5ius m5tion$ at ! end ( ! la/ *apt]1 & n[ 9 8 ?irty-six? ye>1 to put 9 practice a new me?od ( balloon managem5t & inflation1 ! entire cr$it ( :i* mu/ be accord$ to him alone4 ,f its v introduction & inception ! gas balloon1 an exp5sive & fragile /ructure 9 itself1 _h prov$ at all times exce$+ly co/ly 9 actual use4 ,inde$1 we f9d t at ! date at :i* we h n[ arriv$ ! e/imate = fill+ a balloon ( #gj1jjj cubic feet--no extraord9>y capacity--) hydrog5 gas 0 ab\t ,l#bej4 ,:51 !n1 to ?is great outlay 0 add$ ! difficulty & delay ( produc+ a suffici5t supply by :at 0 at be/ a clumsy process1 z also ! positive failure & consequ5t disappo9tm5t :i* n infrequ5tly ensu$1 x is easy to und]/& h[ ?r\gh _m ye>s balloon asc5ts1 no long] a novelty1 _h begun to be reg>d$ ) di/ru/1 & ! pr(ession ( a ballooni/ 0 doom$ to become unremun]ative4 ,a simpl] & *eap] mode ( inflation 0 n only a desid]atum1 b an absolute necessity4 ,! full tru? ( ?is may be ga!r$ f ! fact t we f9d !re 7 n seldom in/ances :]e two or ?ree days ( cont9u\s & anxi\s lab\r 7 exp5d$ 9 g5]at+ & pass+ hydrog5 into a balloon1 ?r\gh ! fabric ( :i* ! subtle gas w\ld escape almo/ z fa/ z x 0 produc$4 ,x 0 at ?is juncture1 !n1 t ,*>les ,gre5 conceiv$ ! happy idea ( sub/itut+ = hydrog5 gas ! ord9>y h\sehold gas1 :i* at ?is "t 0 to be f\nd ready to h& & 9 suffici5t quantity 9 all t[ns ( any consequ5ce2 & by ! day ( ! coronation all 0 9 read9ess = a public exhibition ( ?is me?od ( inflation1 :i* 0 c>ri$ out ) complete success1 ?\gh n altoge!r )\t unrehe>s$ & amus+ incid5t1 z mu/ be told4 ,! day1 ,july #ah1 0 "o ( summ] heat1 & ,gre5 at ! conclusion ( 8 prep>ations1 fatigu$ ) anxi\s lab\r & oppress$ by ! cr[d+ ( ! populace1 took refuge )9 ! c> ( 8 balloon1 :i* 0 by t "t already inflat$1 & only await+ ! gun signal t 0 to ann\nce ! mom5t = its dep>ture4 ,to all[ ( 8 ga9+ ! refre%m5t ( some:at pur] air he begg$ 8 fri5ds :o 7 hold+ ! c> ( 8 balloon 9 re/ra9t to keep x susp5d$ at a few feet f ! e>?1 :ile he re/$ himself )91 &1 ?is be+ done1 x w\ld appe> t he fell into a doze1 f :i* he did n awake till he f\nd t ! balloon1 :i* _h slipp$ f 8 fri5ds' hold1 0 already high above ! cr[d & requir+ 8 prompt att5tion4 ,?is 01 h[ev]1 by no means an unt[>d accid5t1 & ,gre5's triumph 0 complete4 ,by ?is "o v5ture alone ! success ( ! new me?od 0 entirely assur$4 ,! co/ ( ! inflation _h be5 r$uc$ t5-fold1 ! lab\r & unc]ta9ty a hundr$-fold1 &1 ov] & above all1 ! confid5ce ( ! public 0 re/or$4 ,x is little wond]1 !n1 t 9 ! ye>s t n[ foll[ we f9d ! balloon return+ to all ! fav\r x _h enjoy$ 9 its palmie/ days4 ,b ,gre5 prov$ himself some?+ m ?an a practical ballooni/ ( ! fir/ rank4 ,he br\ght to ! aid ( 8 pr(ession ideas :i* 7 matur$ by due ?\ght & sci5tifically s\nd4 ,x is true he /ill clung = a :ile to ! antiquat$ notion t me*anical means c\ld1 ) advantage1 be us$ to cause a balloon to asc5d or desc5d1 or to alt] its direction 9 a tranquil atmosph]e4 ,b he saw cle>ly t ! true me?od ( navigat+ a balloon %\ld be by a /udy ( upp] curr5ts1 & ?is he 0 able to put to practical pro( on a memorable occasion1 & 9 a /rik+ mann]1 z we %all pres5tly relate4 ,he le>n$ ! lesson e>ly 9 8 c>e] :ile acquir+ facts & exp]i5ce1 unassi/$1 9 a numb] ( solit>y voyages made f diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,among ^! he is c>eful to record an occasion :51 mak+ a day-light asc5t f ,bo/on1 ,l9coln%ire1 he ma9ta9$ a l(ty c\rse1 :i* promis$ to take him direct to ,gran?am2 b1 pres5tly desc5d+ to a l[] level1 & 8 balloon div]g+ at an angle ( "s #de degrees1 he n[ head$ = ,new>k4 ,?is exp]i5ce he /or$ away4 ,a mon? lat] we f9d him mak+ a night voyage f ,vauxhall ,g>d5s1 de/9$ to be ! sc5e ( _m memorable asc5ts 9 ! ne> future2 & on ?is occasion he gave pro( ( 8 capability z a close & intellig5t obs]v]4 ,x 0 a ,july night1 ne> #aa p4m41 moonless & cl\dy1 yet ! e>? 0 visible1 & "u ^! circum/ances 8 simple n>rative becomes ( sci5tific value4 ,he accurately di/+ui%$ ! reflective prop]ties ( ! face ( ! div]sifi$ c\ntry he trav]s$4 ,ov] ,batt]sea & ,w&swor?--?is 0 9 #ahbf--!re 7 :ite %eets spread ov] ! l&1 :i* prov$ to be corn crops ready = ! sickle4 ,:]e crops 7 n ! gr\nd 0 d>k]1 )1 "h & !re1 objects absolutely black--9 o!r words1 trees & h\ses4 ,!n he m5tions ! riv] 9 a memor&um1 :i* reads /rangely to ! a]onaut :o has made ! same night voyage 9 ^! latt] days4 ,! /ream 0 cross$ 9 places ) r[s ( lamps app>5tly re/+ on ! wat]4 ,^! 7 ! light$ bridges2 b1 "h & !re1 7 d>k planks1 & ^! too 7 bridges--at ,batt]sea & ,putney--b )\t a light ^u !m6 ,9 ^! & _m o!r simple1 b graphic1 n>ratives ,gre5 draws 8 own pictures ( ,nature 9 h] quiet] moods4 ,b he 0 n )\t e>ly exp]i5ce ( h] horse play1 a highly in/ructive record ( :i* %\ld n be omitt$ "h1 & :i*1 z com+ f s c>eful & consci5ti\s an obs]v]1 is be/ ga!r$ f 8 own words4 ,! asc5t 0 f ,newbury1 & x c h be5 no mean feat to fill1 "u ord9>y circum/ances1 a balloon c>ry+ two pass5g]s & a consid]able weight ( balla/ at ! small gas-hold] :i* s]v$ ! t[n eighty-five ye>s ago4 ,b ! circum/ances 7 n ord9>y1 = ! w9d 0 extremely squally2 a trem5d\s hail & ?und]/orm blew up1 & a hurricane swept ! balloon ) su* =ce t two tons weight ( iron & a hundr$ m5 sc>ce suffic$ to hold x 9 *eck4 ,gre5 on ?is occasion _h inde$ a companion1 ^: usefulness h[ev] at a p9* may be d\bt$ :5 we le>n t he 0 bo? deaf & dumb4 ,! re/ ( ! n>rative runs ?us3 ,betwe5 #d & #e p4m4 ! cl\ds disp]s$1 b ! w9d cont9u$ to rage ) unabat$ fury ! :ole ( ! ev5+4 ,at #f p4m4 ,i /epp$ into ! c> ) ,mr4 ,simmons & gave ! ^w ',away6' ,! mom5t ! ma*9e 0 dis5cumb]$ ( its weights x 0 torn by ! viol5ce ( ! w9d f ! assi/ants1 b\nd$ (f ) ! velocity ( lightn+ 9 a s\!a/]ly direction1 & 9 a v %ort space ( "t atta9$ an elevation ( two miles4 ,at ?is altitude we p]ceiv$ two imm5se bodies ( cl\ds op]at$ on by contr>y curr5ts ( air until at l5g? !y became unit$1 & at t mom5t my e>s 7 assail$ by ! mo/ awful & longe/ cont9u$ peal ( ?und] ,i h ev] he>d4 ,^! cl\ds 7 a full mile b5ea? u1 b p]ceiv+ o!r /rata float+ at ! same elevation at :i* we 7 sail+1 :i* f _! appe>ance ,i judg$ to be highly *>g$ ) electricity1 ,i consid]$ x prud5t to dis*>ge tw5ty p\nds ( balla/1 & we rose half a mile above our =m] elevation1 :]e ,i consid]$ we 7 p]fectly safe & beyond _! influ5ce4 ,i obs]v$1 among/ o!r ph5om5a1 t at e dis*>ge ( ?und] all ! deta*$ pill>s ( cl\ds )9 ! di/ance ( a mile ar\nd became attract$ & appe>$ to conc5trate _! =ce t[>ds ! fir/ body ( cl\ds allud$ to1 leav+ ! atmosph]e cle> & calm b5ea? & ar\nd u4 ,) v trifl+ v>iations we cont9u$ ! same c\rse until #g4ae p4m41 :5 we desc5d$ to )9 #ejj feet ( ! e>?2 b1 p]ceiv+ f ! di/urb$ surface ( ! riv]s & lakes t a /rong w9d exi/$ ne> ! e>?1 we aga9 asc5d$ & cont9u$ our c\rse till #g4cj p4m41 :5 a f9al desc5t 0 safely effect$ 9 a mead[ field 9 ! p>i% ( ,crawley 9 ,surrey1 situat$ betwe5 ,guild=d & ,hor%am1 & fifty-eight miles f ,newbury4 ,?is /ormy voyage 0 p]=m$ 9 "o h\r & a half4 ,x 0 aft] ,gre5 _h foll[$ 8 pr(ession = fifte5 ye>s t he 0 call$ ^u to und]take ! managem5t ( an a]ial v5ture1 :i*1 all ?+s consid]$1 has nev] be5 surpass$ 9 g5u9e ent]prise & d>+4 ,! conception ( ! project 0 due to ,mr4 ,rob]t ,hollond1 & x took %ape 9 ?is way4 ,?is g5tleman1 fre% f ,cambridge1 possess$ ( all ! ard\r ( e>ly manhood1 z also ( adequate means1 _h begun to devote himself ) ! true zeal ( ! en?usia/ to ! pursuit ( balloon+1 f9d+ due opportunity = ?is 9 8 fri5d%ip ) ,mr4 ,gre51 :o enjoy$ ! managem5t ( ! f9e balloon made = asc5ts at ! !n popul> ,vauxhall ,g>d5s4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahcf ! proprietors ( ?is balloon1 contemplat+ mak+ an exhibition ( an asc5t f ,p>is1 & requir+ _! some:at fragile prop]ty to be convey$ to t city1 ,mr4 ,hollond boldly came =w>d & (f]$ to transf] x ?i!r1 &1 z ne>ly z ?is might be possible1 by passage ?r\gh ! sky4 ,! proposal 0 accept$1 & ,mr4 ,holl&1 9 conjunction ) ,gre51 set ab\t ! ne$ful prep>ations4 ,^!1 z w appe>1 7 on an extraord9>y scale1 & no blame is to be imput$ on t acc\nt1 z a little consid]ation w %[4 ,= ! v5ture propos$ 0 n to be t ( m]ely cross+ ! ,*annel1 :i*1 z we h se51 _h be5 successfully effect$ no less ?an fifty ye>s be=e4 ,! voyage 9 contemplation 0 to be f ,london2 x 01 moreov]1 to be pursu$ ?r\gh a long1 moonless w9t]'s night1 & "u conditions ( :i* no liv+ a]onaut _h _h actual exp]i5ce4 ,calculation1 bas$ on a suffici5t k ( fa/ upp] curr5ts1 told t _! c\rse1 ere f9i%$1 might be "o ( almo/ indef9ite l5g?1 & x is n too mu* to say t no "o1 ) ! k ( t day1 c\ld pr$ict )9 a ?\s& miles :]e ! dawn ( ! next day might f9d !m4 ,! equipm5t1 !re=e1 0 comm5surate ) ! possible task be=e !m4 ,to beg9 )1 !y limit$ _! numb] to ?ree 9 all--,mr4 ,hollond1 z *ief & keep] ( ! log2 ,mr4 ,gre51 z a]onaut2 & an en?usia/ic colleague1 ,mr4 ,monck ,mason1 z ! *ronicl] ( ! p>ty4 ,next1 !y provid$ !mselves ) passports to all p>ts ( ! ,cont95t2 & !n came ! fitt+ out & victuall+ ( ! a]ial craft itself1 calculat$ to c>ry "s #ij1jjj cubic feet ( gas1 & a c\nt]poise ( a ton ( balla/1 :i* took ! =m p>tly ( actual provisions 9 l>ge quantity1 p>tly ( ge> & app>atus1 & = ! re/ ( s& & also lime1 ( :i* m anon4 ,across ! middle ( ! c> 0 fix$ a b5* to s]ve z table1 & also z a /age = ! w9d+ 9 & out ( an enorm\s trail rope a ?\s& feet long1 design$ by ,mr4 ,gre5 to meet ! special em]g5cies ( ! voyage4 ,at ! bottom ( ! c> 0 spread a l>ge cu%ion to s]ve ! purposes ( re/4 ,:5 all 0 9 read9ess unfitness ( wea!r baulk$ ! travell]s = "s days1 b ,monday1 ! #g? ( ,novemb]1 0 judg$ a fav\rable day1 s t ! inflation 0 rapidly proce$$ )1 & at #a4cj p4m4 ! ,mon/re ,balloon1 z x 0 entitl$ 9 ! ,+oldsby ,leg5ds1 left ! e>? on h] ev5tful & ev] memorable voyage4 ,! wea!r 0 f9e & promis+1 &1 ris+ ) a mod]ate breeze f ! ,n4,w41 !y began to trav]se ! nor!rn p>ts ( ,k5t1 :ile light1 drift+ upp] cl\ds gave indication ( o!r possible curr5ts4 ,mr4 ,hollond 0 precise 9 ! det]m9ation ( times & ( all read+s & we le>n t at exactly #b4dh p4m4 !y 7 cross+ ! ,m$way1 six miles we/ ( ,ro*e/]1 :ile at #d4e p4m4 ! l(ty t[]s ( ,cant]bury 7 well 9 view1 two miles to ! ea/1 & "h a little function 0 well c>ri$ out4 ,gre5 _h twice asc5d$ f ?is city "u patronage ( ! au?orities1 & ! idea occurr$ to ! p>ty t x w\ld be a graceful complim5t to drop a message to ! ,mayor z !y pass$4 ,a suitable note1 !re=e1 quickly writt51 0 dismiss$ 9 a p>a*ute1 & x may be m5tion$ t ?is1 z also a simil> missive address$ lat] to ! ,mayor ( ,dov]1 7 duly receiv$ & ackn[l$g$4 ,at a qu>t] pa/ f\r !y sight$ ! sea1 & "h1 ! air beg9n+ to gr[ *ill1 ! balloon dropp$ e>?w>d1 & = "s miles !y skimm$ ! gr\nd1 di/urb+ ! p>tridges1 scatt]+ ! rooks1 & keep+ up a runn+ conv]sation ! :ile ) lab\r]s & pass]s bel[4 ,9 ?is !re 0 ex]cise ( p]fectly prop] a]ial seaman%ip1 su* z moreov] pres5tly l$ to an exhibition ( true sci5ce4 ,to save balla/ is1 ) a balloon1 to prolong life1 & ?is may (t5 be/ be done by fly+ l[1 :i* d\btless 0 ,gre5's pres5t int5tion4 ,b soon 8 tra9$ eye saw t ! gr\nd curr5t :i* n[ c>ri$ !m 0 lead+ !m a/ray4 ,!y 7 tr5d+ to ! nor?w>d1 & s f> out ( _! c\rse t !y w\ld soon make ! ,nor? ,=el&1 & s be c>ri$ out ov] ! ,nor? ,sea f> f _! desir$ direction4 ,!reupon ,gre5 attempt$ to put 9 practice 8 !ory1 already spok5 (1 ( /e]+ by upp] curr5ts1 & ! ev5t prov$ 8 judgm5t peculi>ly correct4 ,no?+1 wrote ,mr4 ,monck ,mason1 c\ld exce$ ! beauty ( ! manoeuvre1 to :i* ! balloon at once respond$1 rega9+ h] due c\rse1 &1 9 a matt] ( a few m9utes only1 be>+ ! voyag]s almo/ v]tically ov] ! ca/le ( ,dov] 9 ! exact l9e = cross+ ! /raits betwe5 t t[n & ,calais4 ,s f> all 0 well1 & success _h be5 extraord9>y2 b f ?is mom5t !y became fac$ ) new conditions1 & ) ! grave tr\ble ( unc]ta9ty4 ,light 0 fail+1 ! sea 0 be=e !m1 &--:at else !nce=?8 #d4dh p4m4 0 record$ z ! mom5t :5 ! fir/ l9e ( break+ waves 0 se5 directly bel[ !m1 & !n ! ,engli% coa/ l9e began rapidly to fade out f _! view4 ,b1 ahead1 ! obscurity 0 yet m int5se1 = cl\ds1 bank$ up l a solid wall1 cr[n$ along its fr[n+ heights1 ) p>apets & turrets & batt]ies & ba/ions1 &1 plung+ into ?is oppos+ b>ri]1 !y 7 quickly buri$ 9 blackness1 los+ at ! same "t ov] ! sea all s\nd f e>? soev]4 ,s = a %ort h\r's space1 :5 ! s\nd ( waves once aga9 broke 9 ^u !m1 & imm$iately aft]w>ds em]g+ f ! d5se cl\d 7a sea-fog m]ely7 !y f\nd !mselves imm$iately ov] ! brilliantly light$ t[n ( ,calais4 ,see+ ?is1 ! travell]s attempt$ to signal by ignit+ & l[]+ a ,b5gal ,light1 :i* 0 directly foll[$ by ! beat+ ( drums f bel[4 ,x adds a t\* ( reality1 z well z *e]fulness1 to ! n>rative to read t at ?is p]iod ( _! long j\rney ! travell]s apply !mselves to a fair1 squ>e meal1 ! fir/ = twelve h\rs1 despite ! day's excitem5t & toil4 ,we h an entry among ! /ores ( ! balloon ( w9e bottles & _s flasks1 b !re is no m5tion ( ^! be+ requisition$ at ?is p]iod4 ,! dem& seems r to h be5 = c(fee--c(fee hot2 & ?is by a novel device 0 soon prep>$4 ,x goes )\t say+ t a fire or flame ( any k9d1 except ) special precautions1 is inadmissable 9 a balloon2 b a cook+ heat1 suffici5t = ! pres5t purpose1 0 suppli$ f ! /ore ( lime1 a portion ( :i*1 be+ plac$ 9 a suitably contriv$ vessel & slak$ quickly1 procur$ ! desir$ bev]age4 ,?is meal n[ indulg$ 9 seems to h be5 he>tily & happily enjoy$2 & f ?is po9t1 = a :ile1 ! n>rative becomes t ( en?usia/ic & delight$ travell]s4 ,9 ! gloom bel[1 = leagues ar\nd1 !y reg>d$ ! scatt]$ fires ( a wat*ful population1 ) "h & !re ! lights ( l>g] t[ns1 & ! contemplation begot romantic rev]ies4 ,7 !y n amid ! va/ solitudes ( ! skies1 9 ! dead ( night1 unkn[n & unnotic$1 secretly & sil5tly review+ k+doms1 explor+ t]ritories1 & survey+ cities all clo!d 9 ! d>k mantle ( my/]y8 ,pres5tly !y id5tifi$ ! blaz+ city ( ,liege1 ) ! lurid lights ( ext5sive outly+ iron works1 & ?is 0 ! la/ visible sign !y caught ( e>? t night2 save1 at lea/1 :5 occasional glimpses ( lightn+ mom5t>ily & dimly outl9$ ! _w 9 ! abyss bel[4 ,ere long1 !y met ) _! fir/ discom=t1 :i* !y seem to h reg>d$ z a mo/ s]i\s "o1 namely1 ! accid5tal dropp+ ov]bo>d ( _! *]i%$ c(fee-boil+ app>atus4 ,) its loss _! /ore ( lime became useless1 save z balla/1 & = ?is x 0 =?) utilis$ until no?+ rema9$ b ! empty lime b>rel itself1 :i*1 be+ reg>d$ z an objectionable encumbrance1 x 0 desirable to get rid (1 7 x n = ! risk involv$ 9 rudely dropp+ x to e>?4 ,b ! difficulty 0 met4 ,!y possess$ a suitable small p>a*ute1 &1 atta*$ to ?is1 ! b>rel 0 all[$ to float e>?w>d4 ,z h\rs advanc$1 ! blackness ( night increas$1 & _! impressions appe> some:at /range to anyone famili> ) ord9>y night travel 9 ! sky4 ,mr4 ,monck ,mason comp>es _! progress ?r\gh ! d>kness to cleav+ _! way ?r\gh an int]m9able mass ( black m>ble4 ,!n1 pres5tly1 an unacc\ntable object puzzles & absorbs ! att5tion ( all ! p>ty = a long p]iod4 ,!y 7 gaz+ op5-m\!d at a long n>r[ av5ue ( feeble light1 :i*1 ?\gh app>5tly belong+ to e>?1 0 too long & regul> = a riv]1 & too broad = a canal or road1 & x 0 only aft] _m futile imag9+s t !y discov]$ !y 7 simply look+ at a /ay rope ( ! balloon hang+ f> out ov] ! side4 ,some:at lat] /ill1 !re 0 a m s]i\s claim ^u ! imag9ation4 ,x 0 half-pa/ ?ree 9 ! morn+1 & ! balloon1 :i*1 to escape f too l[ an altitude1 _h be5 lib]ally light5$1 _h n[ at high spe$ m\nt$ to a va/ height4 ,& !n1 amid ! black d>kness & dead sil5ce ( t appall+ region1 sudd5ly ov]head came ! s\nd ( an explosion1 foll[$ by ! viol5t ru/l+ ( ! silk1 :ile ! c> j]k$ viol5tly1 z ?\gh sudd5ly deta*$ f its hold4 ,?is 0 ! idea1 lead+ to ! belief t ! balloon _h sudd5ly explod$1 & t !y 7 fall+ headlong to e>?4 ,_! susp5se1 h[ev]1 _c h be5 long1 & ! incid5t 0 intelligible en\gh1 be+ due to ! sudd5 yield+ ( /iff5$ net & silk "u rapid expansion caus$ by _! spe$y & l(ty asc5t4 ,! *ief incid5ts ( ! night 7 n[ ov]1 until ! dawn arriv$ & began to reveal a /range l&1 ) l>ge tracts ( sn[1 giv+ place1 z ! light /r5g!n$1 to va/ =e/s4 ,to _! m9ds ^! sugge/$ ! pla9s ( ,pol&1 if n ! /eppes ( ,russia1 &1 fe>+ t ! c\ntry fur!r =w>d might prove m inhospitable1 !y decid$ to come to e>? z spe$ily z possible4 ,?is1 9 spite ( difficult l&+1 !y effect$ ab\t ! h\r t ! wak+ population 7 mov+ abroad1 & !n1 & n till !n1 !y le>n$ ! l& ( _! hav5--! he>t ( ! ,g]man =e/s4 ,five hundr$ miles _h be5 cov]$ 9 eighte5 h\rs f />t to f9i%6 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,*>les ,,gre5--,,fur!r ,,adv5tures4 ,all hi/ory is liable to repeat itself1 & t ( a]onautics =ms no exception to ! rule4 ,! second ye> aft] ! inv5tion ( ! balloon ! fam\s ,m4 ,blan*>d1 asc5d+ f ,frank=t1 l&$ ne> ,weilburg1 &1 9 commemoration ( ! ev5t1 ! flag he bore 0 deposit$ among ! ar*ives 9 ! ducal palace ( t t[n4 ,fifty-"o ye>s pass$ by :51 outside ! same city1 a yet m fam\s balloon effect$ its l&+1 & ) due c]emony its flag is pres5tly laid beside t ( ,blan*>d 9 ! same ducal palace4 ,! balloon ( ! ,immortal ,?ree1 ^: spl5did voyage has j be5 rec\nt$1 w ev] be kn[n by ! title ( ! ,great ,nassau ,balloon1 b ! neighb\rhood ( its l&+ 0 t ( ! t[n ( ,weilburg1 9 ! ,du*y ( ,nassau1 :i!r ! p>ty betook !mselves1 & :]e1 dur+ _m days1 !y 7 ent]ta9$ ) extravagant hospitality & hon\r until bus9ess recall$ ,mr4 ,hollond home4 ,gre5 _h n[ made upw>ds ( two hundr$ asc5ts1 &1 ?\gh he liv$ to make a ?\s&1 x 0 impossible t he c\ld ev] eclipse ?is la/ record4 ,x is true t ! same ,nassau balloon1 "u 8 guidance1 made _m o!r mo/ memorable voyages1 "s ( :i* x w be necess>y to dwell on4 ,b1 to pres]ve a bett] *ronology1 we mu/ fir/1 )\t fur!r digression1 approa* an ev5t :i* fills a d>k page 9 our annals2 &1 9 s do+1 we h to transf] our att5tion f ! balloon itself to its accessory1 ! p>a*ute4 ,tw5ty-?ree ye>s be=e our pres5t date1 t is to say 9 #ahad1 ,mr4 ,cock+ deliv]$ 8 views z to ! prop] =m ( ! p>a*ute be=e ! ,society ( ,arts1 :o1 z a m>k ( approval1 aw>d$ him a m$al4 ,?is p>a*ute1 h[ev]1 hav+ nev] tak5 practical %ape1 & only exi/+1 figuratively speak+1 9 ! cl\ds1 seem$ unlikely to f9d its way !re 9 reality until ! success ( ! ,nassau adv5ture /irr$ its inv5tor to /r5u\s ef=ts to give x an actual trial4 ,?us x came ab\t t he obta9$ ,mr4 ,gre5's co-op]ation 9 ! attempt he n[ und]took1 &1 ?\gh ?is end$ disa/r\sly1 = ,mr4 ,cock+1 ! great pr(essional a]onaut c 9 no way soev] be blam$ = ! tragic ev5t4 ,! date ( ! trial 0 9 ,july1 #ahcg4 ,mr4 ,cock+'s p>a*ute 0 totally diff]5t 9 pr9ciple f t =m :i*1 z we h se51 _h met ) a fair measure ( success at ! h&s ( e>ly exp]im5t]s2 & on ! eve ( its trial x 0 /rongly d5\nc$ & condemn$ 9 ! ,london ,press by ! critic :om we h rec5tly s freely quot$1 ,mr4 ,monck ,mason4 ,?is able reason] & a]onaut po9t$ out t ! contrivance ab\t to be te/$ aim$ at obviat+ two pr9cipal drawbacks :i* ! p>a*ute _h up to t "t pres5t$1 namely 7#a7 ! l5g? ( "t :i* elapses be=e x becomes suffici5tly exp&$1 & 7#b7 ! oscillatory movem5t :i* accompanies ! desc5t4 ,9 ?is new endeav\r ! inv5tor caus$ 8 ma*9e to be fix$ rigidly op51 & to assume ! %ape ( an inv]t$ cone4 ,9 o!r words1 in/ead ( its be+ l an umbrella op5$1 x r resembl$ an umbrella bl[n inside out4 ,tak+1 !n1 ! %ape & dim5sions ( ,mr4 ,cock+'s /ructure z a basis = ma!matical calculation1 z also its weight1 :i* = requir$ /r5g? he put at #ejj lbs4 ,mr4 ,monck ,mason e/imat$ t ! adv5tur] & 8 ma*9e mu/ atta9 9 fall+ a velocity ( "s twelve miles an h\r4 ,9 fact1 8 positive pr$iction 0 t "o ( two ev5ts mu/ inevitably take place4 ,ei!r ! p>a*ute w\ld come to ! gr\nd ) a =ce incompatible ) ! safety ( ! individual1 or %\ld x be attempt$ to make x suffici5tly light to resi/ ?is conclusion1 x mu/ give way b5ea? ! =ces :i* w develop 9 ! desc5t4 ,?is emphatic ^w ( w>n+ 0 neglect$1 & ! result ( ! t]rible exp]im5t c be/ be ga!r$ f two pr9cipal s\rces4 ,fir/1 t ( a special report] writ+ f t]ra-firma1 &1 secondly1 t ( ,mr4 ,gre5 himself1 :o gives 8 own obs]vations z made f ! balloon 9 :i* he took ! un=tunate man & 8 inv5tion into ! sky4 ,! j\rnali/1 :o fir/ speaks ( ! enorm\s conc\rse t ga!r$ to see ! asc5t1 n only )9 ,vauxhall ,g>d5s1 b on e vantage gr\nd )\t1 proce$s to tell ( 8 int]view ) ,mr4 ,cock+ himself1 :o1 :5 que/ion$ z to ! dang] involv$1 rem>k$ t none exi/$ = him1 & t ! greate/ p]il1 if any1 w\ld att5d ! balloon :5 sudd5ly reliev$ ( 8 weight4 ,! proprietors ( ! ,g>d5s1 z ! h\r approa*$1 did _! be/ to dissuade ! ov]-confid5t inv5tor1 (f]+1 !mselves1 to take ! consequ5ces ( any public disappo9tm5t4 ,?is 0 aga9 )\t avail1 & s1 t[>ds #f p4m41 ,mr4 ,gre51 accompani$ by ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 a solicitor ( :om ?is hi/ory w h m to tell1 ent]$ ! balloon1 :i* 0 !n let up ab\t #dj feet t ! p>a*ute might be affix$ bel[4 ,a little lat]1 ,mr4 ,cock+1 ca/+ aside 8 heavy coat & toss+ (f a glass ( w9e1 ent]$ 8 c> &1 amid deaf5+ acclamations1 ) ! b& play+ ! ,national ,an!m1 ! balloon & a]onauts above1 & he himself 9 8 p>a*ute sw++ bel[1 m\nt$ into ! heav5s1 pass+ pres5tly1 9 ! ga!r+ dusk1 out ( view ( ! ,g>d5s4 ,! sequel %\ld be ga!r$ f ,mr4 ,gre5's own n>rative4 ,previ\s to />t+1 #fej lbs4 ( balla/ _h to be disc>d$ to ga9 buoyancy suffici5t to raise ! massive ma*9e4 ,?is1 toge!r ) ano!r #ajj lbs41 :i* 0 also requir$ to be eject$ ow+ to ! cool+ ( ! air1 0 pass$ out ?r\gh a canvas tube lead+ d[nw>ds ?r\gh a hole 9 ! p>a*ute1 an +5i\s contrivance :i* w\ld prev5t ! s& ?r[n out f ! balloon fall+ on ! sl5d] /ructure itself4 ,on quitt+ ! e>?1 h[ev]1 ?is latt] set up su* viol5t oscillations t ! canvas tube 0 torn away1 & !n x became ! tr\blesome task ( ! a]onauts to make up _! balla/ into little p>cels1 &1 z occasion requir$1 to ?r[ ^! into space cle> ( ! sw++ p>a*ute bel[4 ,despite all ef=ts1 h[ev]1 x 0 soon evid5t t ! cumb]some nature ( ! huge p>a*ute w\ld prev5t its be+ c>ri$ up q s high z ! inv5tor desir$4 ,mr4 ,cock+ _h /ipulat$ = an elevation ( #g1jjj feet1 &1 z ?+s 71 only #e1jjj feet c\ld be rea*$1 at any rate1 be=e d>kness set 94 ,?is fact 0 communicat$ to ,mr4 ,cock+1 :o promptly intimat$ 8 int5tion ( leav+1 only reque/+ to "k :]eab\ts he 01 to :i* qu]y ,mr4 ,sp5c] repli$ t !y 7 on a level ) ,gre5wi*4 ,! brief colloquy t ensu$ is ?us giv5 by ,mr4 ,gre53-- ,i ask$ him if he felt q com=table1 & if ! practical trial bore out 8 calculation4 ,mr4 ,cock+ repli$1 ',yes1 ,i nev] felt m com=table or m delight$ 9 my life1' pres5tly add+1 ',well1 n[ ,i ?9k ,i %all leave y4' ,i answ]$1 ',i wi% y a v ,good ,night6 & a safe desc5t if y are det]m9$ to make x & n use ! tackle' 7a contrivance = enabl+ him to retreat up into ! balloon if he desir$74 ,mr4 ,cock+'s only reply 01 ',good-night1 ,sp5c]2 ,good-night1 ,gre56' ,mr4 ,cock+ !n pull$ ! rope t 0 to lib]ate himself1 b too feebly1 & a mom5t aft]w>ds m viol5tly1 & 9 an in/ant ! balloon %ot upw>ds ) ! velocity ( a sky rocket4 ,! effect ^u u at ?is mom5t 0 almo/ beyond description4 ,! imm5se ma*9e :i* susp5d$ u betwe5 heav5 & e>?1 :il/ x appe>$ to be =c$ upw>ds ) t]rific viol5ce & rapidity ?r\gh unkn[n & untravell$ regions amid/ ! h[l+s ( a fe>ful hurricane1 roll$ ab\t z ?\gh revell+ 9 a fre$om = :i* x _h long /ruggl$1 b ( :i* until t mom5t x _h be5 kept 9 utt] ignorance4 ,x1 at l5g?1 z if some:at fatigu$ by its ex]tions1 gradually assum$ ! motions ( a snake work+ its way ) extraord9>y spe$ t[>ds a giv5 object4 ,dur+ ?is frightful op]ation ! gas 0 ru%+ 9 torr5ts f ! upp] & l[] valve1 b m p>ticul>ly f ! latt]1 z ! d5sity ( ! atmosph]e ?r\gh :i* we 7 =c+ our progress press$ s heavily on ! valve at ! top ( ! balloon z to admit ( b a comp>atively small escape by ?is ap]ture4 ,at ?is juncture1 _h x n be5 = ! application to our m\?s ( two pipes lead+ into an air bag1 ) :i* we _h furni%$ ourselves previ\s to />t+1 we mu/ )9 a m9ute h be5 suffocat$1 & s1 b by diff]5t means1 h %>$ ! melan*oly fate ( our fri5d4 ,?is bag 0 =m$ ( silk1 suffici5tly capaci\s to conta9 #ajj gallons ( atmosph]ic air4 ,prior to our asc5t1 ! bag 0 inflat$ ) ! assi/ance ( a pair ( bell[s ) fifty gallons ( air1 s all[+ = any expansion :i* might be produc$ 9 ! upp] regions4 ,into ! end ( ?is bag 7 introduc$ two flexible tubes1 & ! mom5t we felt ourselves to be go+ up 9 ! mann] j describ$1 ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 z well z myself1 plac$ ei!r ( !m 9 our m\?s4 ,by ?is simple contrivance we pres]v$ ourselves f in/antane\s suffocation1 a result :i* mu/ h ensu$ f ! app>5tly endless volume ( gas ) :i* ! c> 0 envelop$4 ,! gas1 not)/&+ all our precautions1 f ! viol5ce ( its op]ation on ! human frame1 almo/ imm$iately depriv$ u ( sight1 & we 7 bo?1 z f> z our vision>y p[]s 7 conc]n$1 9 a /ate ( total d>kness = f\r or five m9utes4 ,messrs4 ,gre5 & ,sp5c] ev5tually rea*$ e>? 9 safety ne> ,maid/one1 kn[+ no?+ ( ! fate ( _! late companion4 ,b ( ?is we are suffici5tly in=m$ ?r\gh a ,mr4 ,r4 ,und]wood1 :o 0 on horseback ne> ,blackhea? & wat*+ ! a]onauts at ! mom5t :5 ! p>a*ute 0 sep>at$ f ! balloon4 ,he notic$ t ! =m] desc5d$ ) ! utmo/ rapidity1 at ! same "t sway+ fe>fully f side to side1 until ! basket & its occupant1 actually p>t+ f ! p>a*ute1 fell toge!r to e>? ?r\gh sev]al hundr$ feet & 7 da%$ to pieces4 ,x w\ld appe> t ! lib]ation ( ! p>a*ute f bel[ ! balloon _h be5 c>ri$ out )\t hit*2 inde$1 all s f> _h work$ well1 & ! w9d at ! "t 0 b a g5tle breeze4 ,! misadv5ture1 !re=e1 mu/ be entirely attribut$ to ! faulty mann] 9 :i* ! p>a*ute 0 con/ruct$4 ,!re c\ld1 ( c\rse1 be only "o issue to ! %e] drop f su* a height1 :i* became ! un=tunate ,mr4 ,cock+'s fate1 b ! v int]e/+ "q w h to be discuss$ z to ! *ances 9 fav\r ( ! a]onaut :o1 )9 8 wick] c>1 :ile /ill duly atta*$ to ! balloon1 may meet ) a precipitate desc5t4 ,we may "h fitly m5tion an e>ly p]il\s exp]i5ce ( ,mr4 ,gre51 due simply to ! malice ( someone nev] discov]$4 ,x appe>s t :ile ,gre5's balloon1 previ\s to an asc5t1 0 on ! gr\nd1 ! cords atta*+ ! c> _h be5 p>tly sev]$ 9 su* a way z to escape detection4 ,s t z soon z ! balloon rose ! c> comm5c$ break+ away1 & its occupants1 ,mr4 ,gre5 & ,mr4 ,griffi?s1 _h to clut* at ! r+1 to :i* ) difficulty !y cont9u$ to cl+4 ,mean:ile1 ! c> rema9+ susp5d$ by "o cord only1 ! balloon 0 caus$ to hang awry1 ) ! result t its upp] nett+ began giv+ way1 all[+ ! balloon prop] gradually to escape ?r\gh ! bur/+ me%es1 ?us ?reat5+ ! di/ract$ voyag]s ) t]rible disa/]4 ,! disa/]1 9 fact1 actually came to pass ere ! p>ty complet$ _! desc5t1 ! balloon1 ru%+ ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 ! net-"w ) a trem5d\s explosion1 & ! two pass5g]s cl++ to ! re/ ( ! ge>1 fall+ ?r\gh a height said to be ne> a hundr$ feet4 ,bo?1 ?\gh only ) mu* "t & difficulty1 recov]$ f ! %ock4 ,9 #ahdj1 ?ree ye>s aft] ! tragic adv5ture connect$ ) ,mr4 ,cock+'s p>a*ute trial1 we f9d ,*>les ,gre5 giv+ 8 views z to ! practicability ( c>ry+ out a balloon+ ent]prise :i* %\ld f> excel all o!rs t _h hi!rto be5 attempt$4 ,?is 0 no?+ less ?an ! cross+ ( ! ,atlantic f ,am]ica to ,engl&4 ,!re is no %ad[ ( d\bt t ! adv5tur\s a]onaut 0 :olly 9 e>ne/ 9 ! read9ess he express$ to emb>k on ! und]tak+ %\ld adequate funds be =?com+2 & he discusses ! possibilities ) s+ul> cle>ness & c&\r4 ,he ma9ta9s t ! actual difficulties resolve !mselves into two only3 fir/1 ! ma9t5ance ( ! balloon 9 ! sky = ! requisite p]iod ( "t2 &1 secondly1 ! adequate control ( its direction 9 space4 ,) respect to ! fir/ difficulty1 he po9ts out ! fact to :i* we h already ref]r$1 namely1 t x is impossible to avoid ! fluctuations ( level 9 a balloon's c\rse1 by :i* x con/antly becomes alt]nately subject$ to escape ( gas by expansion1 & consequ5t loss ( balla/1 to furni% an equival5t dim9ution ( weight4 ,tak+ 8 own balloon ( #hj1jjj cubic feet by way ( example1 he %[s t ?is1 fully inflat$ on ! e>?1 w\ld lose #h1jjj cubic feet ( gas by expansion 9 asc5d+ only #c1jjj feet4 ,moreov]1 ! approa* ( night or passage ?r\gh cl\d or fall+ ra9 w\ld occasion *ill+ ( ! gas or accumulation ( moi/ure on ! silk1 9 ei!r case necessitat+ ! loss ( balla/1 ! /ore ( :i* is always ! true measure ( ! balloon's life4 ,to combat ! above difficulty ,gre5 sangu9ely relies on 8 fav\rite device ( a trail or guide rope1 ^: function1 be+ t ( reliev+ ! balloon ( a mat]ial weight z x approa*es ! e>?1 c\ld1 he suppos$1 be made to act yet m effici5tly :5 ov] ! sea 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,its l5g?1 susp5d$ f ! r+1 be+ n less ?an #b1jjj feet1 x %\ld h atta*$ at its l[] end at c]ta9 int]vals a numb] ( small1 /\t wat]pro( canvas bags1 ! ap]tures ( :i* %\ld be contriv$ to admit wat]1 b to oppose its return4 ,betwe5 ^! bags 7 to be conical floats1 to support any l5g? ( ! rope t might desc5d on ! sea4 ,n[1 %\ld ! balloon comm5ce desc5d+1 x w\ld simply deposit a c]ta9 portion ( rope on ! wat] until x rega9$ equilibrium at no great decrease ( altitude1 & w\ld ?us cont9ue its c\rse until alt]ation ( conditions %\ld cause x to recomm5ce ris+1 :5 ! weight ( wat] n[ collect$ 9 ! bags w\ld play its "p 9 prev5t+ ! balloon f so>+ up into space4 ,) su* a contrivance ,gre5 all[$ himself to imag9e t he c\ld keep a prop]ly made balloon at practically ! same altitude = a p]iod ( ?ree mon?s if requir$4 ,! difficulty ( ma9ta9+ a due c\rse 0 next discuss$1 & some:at spe$ily dispos$ (4 ,"h ,gre5 reli$ on ! results ( 8 own obs]vation1 ga!r$ dur+ #bge asc5ts1 & /at$ 8 conviction t !re prevails a uni=mity ( upp] w9d curr5ts t w\ld enable him to c>ry out 8 bold projects successfully4 ,8 cont5tion is be/ giv5 9 8 own words3 ,"u :atev] circum/ances1 he says1 ,i made my asc5t1 h[ev] contr>y ! direction ( ! w9ds bel[1 ,i uni=mly f\nd t at a c]ta9 elevation1 v>y+ occasionally1 b always )9 #aj1jjj feet ( ! e>?1 a curr5t f ! we/ or r f ! nor? ( we/1 inv>iably travail$1 nor d ,i recollect a s+le in/ance 9 :i* a diff]5t result ensu$4 ,gre5's complete s*eme is n[ suffici5tly evid5t4 ,he 0 to cross ! ,atlantic practically by ! sole assi/ance ( upp] curr5ts & 8 guide rope1 b on ?is latt] exp$i5t1 %\ld adv]se conditions prevail1 he yet fur!r reli$1 = he conceiv$ t ! rope c\ld h atta*$ to its float+ end a wat] drag1 :i* w\ld hold ! balloon 9 *eck until fav\r+ gales return$4 ,funds1 app>5tly1 7 n =?com+ to all[ ( ,mr4 ,gre5's putt+ 8 bold me?od to ! te/2 b we f9d him /ill adh]+ ) s mu* zeal to 8 project t1 five ye>s lat]1 he made1 ?\gh aga9 unsuccessfully1 a second proposal to cross ! ,atlantic by balloon4 ,he /ill cont9u$ to make _m & mo/ ent]pris+ asc5ts1 & "o ( a specially s5sational nature mu/ be briefly m5tion$ be=e we pass on to reg>d ! exploits ( o!r a]onauts4 ,x 0 9 #ahda on ! occasion ( a fete at ,cremorne ,h\se1 :5 ,mr4 ,gre51 us+ 8 fam\s ,nassau balloon1 asc5d$ ) a ,mr4 ,macdonnell4 ,! w9d 0 bl[+ ) su* extreme viol5ce t ,ra9ham1 9 ,essex1 ab\t tw5ty miles di/ant1 0 rea*$ 9 little m ?an a qu>t] ( an h\r1 & "h1 on ne>+ ! e>?1 ! grapnel1 f9d+ good hold1 gave a wr5* to ! balloon t broke ! r+ & j]k$ ! c> completely upside d[n1 ! a]onauts only escap+ precipitation by hold+ h>d to ! ropes4 ,a t]rific /eeple*ase ensu$1 9 :i* ! travell]s 7 dragg$ ?r\gh /\t f5c+ & o!r ob/acles till ! balloon1 fairly empti$ ( gas1 f9ally came to re/1 b n until "s sev]e injuries _h be5 receiv$4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,john ,,wise--,,! ,,am]ican ,,a]onaut4 ,by ?is p]iod ! dom9ation ( ! air 0 be+ pursu$ 9 a fre% "p ( ! _w4 ,engl& & h] ,cont95tal neighb\rs _h vi$ ) ea* 9 add+ to ! roll ( conque/s1 & x c\ld h>dly o!r be suppos$ t ,am]ica w\ld /& by )\t tak+ "p 9 ! campaign :i* 0 n[ be+ reviv$ ) s mu* fre% en]gy 9 ! skies4 ,! ,am]ican *ampion :o /epp$ =w>d 0 ,mr4 ,john ,wise1 ( ,lanca/]1 ,pa41 ^: c>e]1 comm5c+ 9 ! ye> #ahce1 we mu/ n[ = a :ile foll[4 ,few attempts at balloon+ ( any k9d _h up to t "t be5 made 9 all ,am]ica4 ,!re is a record t 9 ,decemb]1 #aghc1 ,messrs4 ,ritt5h\se & ,hopk9s1 ,memb]s ( ! ,philosophical ,academy ( ,philadelphia1 in/itut$ exp]im5ts ) an a]ial ma*9e consi/+ ( a cage to :i* =ty-sev5 small balloons 7 h>ness$4 ,9 ?is /range craft a c>p5t]1 by "n ,wilcox1 0 induc$ to asc5d1 :i*1 x is said1 he did successfully1 rema9+ 9 ! air = t5 m9utes1 :51 f9d+ himself ne> a riv]1 he s\ght to come to e>? aga9 by op5+ sev]al ( 8 balloons4 ,?is br\ght ab\t an awkw>d desc5t1 att5d$1 h[ev]1 by no m s]i\s accid5t ?an a dislocat$ wri/4 ,mr4 ,wise1 on ! o!r h&1 /ates t ,blan*>d _h won ! di/9ction ( mak+ ! fir/ asc5t 9 ! ,new ,_w 9 #agic 9 ,philadelphia on :i* occasion ,wa%+ton 0 a spectator2 & a few ye>s aft]w>ds o!r ,fr5*m5 gave exhibitions1 :i*1 h[ev]1 l$ to no real developm5t ( ! new art on ?is1 ! fur!r side ( ! ,atlantic4 ,?us ! endeav\rs we are ab\t to describe 7 ^? ( an indep5d5t &1 at ! same "t1 highly1 practical exp]im5tali/1 & on ?is acc\nt h a special value ( _! own4 ,! records t ,wise has left ( 8 inve/igations beg9 at ! e>lie/ /age1 & possess ! *>m ( an obvi\s & some:at qua9t reality4 ,!y comm5ce ) c]ta9 crude calculations :i* w\ld seem to place no limit to ! capabilities ( a balloon4 ,?us1 he po9ts out t "o ( ! v mod]ate size ( #djj feet diamet] w\ld convey #ac1jjj m54 ,no wond]1 !n1 he cont9ues1 ! citiz5s ( ,london became al>m$ dur+ ! ,fr5* ,w>1 :5 !y mi/ook ! appe>ance ( a va/ flock ( birds com+ t[>ds ! ,metropolis = ,napoleon's army app>5tly com+ d[n ^u !m ) ?is new contrivance4 ,proce$+ to practical measures1 ,wise's fir/ c>e 0 to procure "s prop] mat]ial ( :i* to build an exp]im5tal balloon ( suffici5t size to lift & convey himself alone4 ,= ?is he *ose ord9>y long-clo?1 r5d]$ gas-tight by coats ( suitable v>ni%1 ! prep>ation ( :i* became ) him1 z1 inde$1 x rema9s to ?is day1 a problem ( *ief importance & difficulty4 ,p]haps x h>dly ne$s po9t+ out t ! v>ni% ( a balloon mu/ n only be suffici5tly ela/ic n to crack or scale (f ) fold+ or unavoidable r\gh usage1 b x mu/ also be ( a nature to resi/ ! common t5d5cy ( su* sub/ances to become adh]5t or tacky4 ,wise det]m9$ on bird lime ?9n$ ) l9se$ oil & ord9>y dri]s4 ,) ?is prep>ation he coat$ 8 mat]ial sev]al times bo? be=e & aft] ! mak+ up1 & hav+ procur$ a net1 ( :i* he speaks ) pride1 & a primitive sort ( c>1 ( :i* he bitt]ly compla9s1 he ?\ght himself suffici5tly equipp$ to emb>k on an actual asc5t1 :i* he f\nd a task ( mu* great] practical difficulty ?an ! m]e manufacture ( 8 air %ip4 ,= ! inflation by hydrog5 ( s small a balloon z 8 0 he made m ?an ample provision 9 procur+ no less ?an fifte5 casks ( #acj gallons capacity ea*4 ,he also duly secur$ a suitable fill+ gr\nd at ! corn] ( ,n9? & ,gre5 ,/reets1 ,philadelphia1 b he made a miscalculation z to ! "t ! inflation w\ld dem&1 & ?is l$ to un=ese5 complications1 = z yet he knew n ! way ( a cr[d :i* comes to witness a balloon asc5t4 ,hav+ all ?+s 9 read9ess1 & prud5tly wait+ = fair wea!r1 he emb>k$ on 8 gr& exp]im5t on ! #bnd ( ,may1 #ahce1 ann\nc+ #d p4m4 z ! h\r ( dep>ture4 ,b by t "t ! inflation1 hav+ only proce$$ = ?ree h\rs1 ! balloon 0 b half full1 & !n ! populace began to behave z 9 su* circum/ances !y always w4 ,!y 7 incr$ul\s1 & pres5tly grew tr\blesome4 ,9 va9 ! h>ness+ ( ! c> 0 proce$$ ) z ?\gh all 7 well4 ,= all 0 n well1 & :5 ! a]onaut /epp$ into 8 c> ) only fifte5 p\nds ( s& & a few in/rum5ts he mu/ h done s ) mu* misgiv+4 ,/ill1 he _h fri5ds ar\nd :o might h be5 useful _h !y be5 less eag] to help4 ,b ^! simply cr[d$ r\nd him1 giv+ him no elb[ room1 nor opportunity = try+ ! lift ( 8 all-too-empty globe4 ,moreov]1 "s w\ld endeav\r to ?r[ ! ma*9e upw>d1 :ile o!rs z /r5u\sly /rove to keep x d[n1 & at la/ ! =m] p>ty prevail$1 & ! balloon1 be+ fairly ca/ into ! air1 graz$ a neighb\r+ *imney & !n plung$ into an adjac5t plot1 n1 h[ev]1 be=e ! di/ract$ travell] _h flung away all 8 little /ock ( s&4 ,!re n[ 0 brief opportunity = free action1 & to ! fir/ by/&] :o came runn+ up ,wise gave ! task ( hold+ ! c> 9 *eck4 ,to ! next he h&$ out 8 in/rum5ts1 8 coat1 & also 8 boots1 hop+ ?us to get away2 b 8 *ance _h n yet come1 = once aga9 ! cr[d sw>m$ r\nd him1 keep+ him prison] ) good-natur$ b mi/ak5 int]f]5ce1 & dr[n+ 8 voice ) excit$ %\t+4 ,someh[1 by ^w & ge/ure1 he gave 8 p]secutors to und]/& t he wi%$ to speak1 & !n he begg$ !m only to give him a *ance1 :]eupon ! cr[d fell back1 =m+ a r+1 & leav+ only "o man hold+ ! c>4 ,x 0 a mom5t ( susp5se1 = ,wise calculat$ t he _h only p>t$ ) "s eighte5 p\nds s9ce 8 fir/ ineffectual />t f ! fill+ gr\nd2 b x 0 en\gh1 & 9 ano!r mom5t he 0 sail+ up cle> above ! cr[d4 ,s great1 z has be5 already %ewn1 is (t5 ! effect ( p>t+ ) ! la/ few p\nds ( dead weight 9 a well-balanc$ balloon4 ,su* 0 ! fir/ s5d (f ( ! future great ballooni/1 de/9$ to become ! pione] 9 a]onautics on ! f> side ( ! ,atlantic4 ,! balloon asc5d$ to upw>ds ( a mile1 float+ gradually away1 b at its highe/ po9t x rea*$ a conflict ( curr5ts1 caus+ eddies f :i* ,wise escap$ by a slight decrease ( weight1 effect$ by m]ely cutt+ away ! wrea?s ( fl[]s t 7 ti$ ab\t 8 c>4 ,a fur!r small sub/itute = balla/ he extemporis$ 9 ! metal tube ins]t$ 9 ! neck ( 8 fabric1 & ?is he ca/ out :5 ov] ! bread? ( ! ,delaw>e1 & he describes x z fall+ ) a ru/l+ s\nd1 & /rik+ ! wat] ) a spla% pla9ly he>d at m ?an a mile 9 ! sky4 ,aft] an h\r & a qu>t] ! balloon spontane\sly & /eadily settl$ to e>?4 ,an asc5t c>ri$ out lat] 9 ! same summ] l$ to a mi%ap1 :i* taught ! "y a]onaut an all-important lesson4 ,us+ ! same balloon & ! same mode ( inflation1 he got safely & satisfactorily away f 8 /ation 9 ! t[n ( ,lebanon1 ,pa41 & soon f\nd himself ov] a toll gate 9 ! op5 c\ntry1 :]e ! gate keep] 9 bant] call$ up to him = 8 due4 ,to ?is summons ,wise1 ) he$less alacrity1 respond$ 9 a mann] :i* might well h co/ him de>4 ,he ?rew out a bag ( s& to repres5t 8 toll1 &1 ?\gh he e/imat$ ?is at only six p\nds1 x s greatly accel]at$ 8 asc5t t he %ortly f\nd himself at a great] altitude ?an he ev] aft] atta9$4 ,he pass$ ?r\gh mi/ into upp] sun%9e1 :]e he exp]i5c$ extreme cold & e>-a*e1 at :i* "t1 seek+ ! natural escape f su* tr\ble1 he f\nd to 8 dismay t ! valve rope 0 out ( rea*4 ,?us he 0 compell$ to all[ ! balloon to asc5d yet high]1 at its own w2 & !n a t]rible ev5t happ5$4 ,by mis*ance ! neck ( 8 balloon1 :i* %\ld h be5 op51 0 out ( rea* & fold$ inw>ds 9 su* a way z to prev5t ! free escape ( ! gas1 :i*1 at ?is great altitude1 /ruggl$ = egress ) a l\d humm+ noise1 giv+ him appreh5sions ( an accid5t :i* v %ortly occurr$1 namely1 ! bur/+ ( ! l[] "p ( 8 balloon ) a l\d report4 ,x happ5$1 h[ev]1 t no extreme loss ( gas ensu$1 & he comm5c$ desc5d+ ) a spe$ :i*1 ?\gh consid]able1 0 n v excessive4 ,/ill1 he 0 eag] to alight 9 safety1 until a *ance occurr5ce made him a second "t t aft]noon guilty ( an act ( boyi% impetuosity4 ,a p>ty ( volunte]s fir+ a salute 9 8 hon\r z he ne>$ ! gr\nd1 he in/antly flung out pap]s1 balla/1 any?+ he c\ld lay 8 h&s on1 & once aga9 so>$ to a great height ) 8 damag$ balloon4 ,he c\ld !n d no m1 & pres5tly subsid+ to e>? aga91 he acquir$ ! welcome k t ev5 9 su* prec>i\s circum/ances a balloon may make a long fall ) safety to its freight4 ,mr4 ,wise's zeal & indomitable _s ( ent]prise l$ to spe$y developm5ts ( ! art :i* he _h esp\s$2 ! road to success be+ frequ5tly po9t$ out by failure or mi%ap4 ,he quickly disc>d$ ! l95 balloon = "o ( silk on :i* he tri$ a new v>ni% compos$ ( l9se$ oil & india-rubb]1 &1 dress+ sev]al gores ) ?is1 he roll$ !m up & left !m ?r\gh a night 9 a dry+ l(t1 ) ! result t ! next day !y 7 dis9tegrat$ & on ! po9t ( bur/+ into flame by spontane\s combu/ion4 ,fre% silk & o!r v>ni% 7 !n tri$1 b ) indiff]5t success4 ,next he endeav\r$ to disp5se ) sew+1 & unit$ ! gores ( yet ano!r balloon by ! m]e adhesiv5ess ( ! v>ni% & application ( a hot iron4 ,?is l$ to a gap+ seam develop+ at ! mom5t ( an asc5t1 & !n !re foll[$ a ha/y & haz>d\s desc5t on a h\se-top & an excit+ rescue by a g5tleman :o appe>$ opportunely at a ?ird /orey w9d[4 ,fur!r1 ano!r balloon _h be5 de/roy$1 & ,wise badly burn$1 at a desc5t1 ow+ to a nak$ light hav+ be5 br\ght ne> ! escap+ gas4 ,x is !n )\t wond] t we f9d him aft] ?is tempor>ily bankrupt1 & resort+ to 8 skill 9 in/rum5t-mak+ to recov] 8 =tunes4 ,only1 h[ev]1 = a few mon?s1 aft] :i* he is be=e ! public once m z a pr(essional a]onaut4 ,he n[ adopts coal gas = inflation1 & incid5ts ( an impressive nature cr[d into 8 c>e]1 =c+ important facts ^u him4 ,! special *>act]i/ics ( 8 own c\ntry pres5t peculi> difficulties2 broad riv]s & va/ =e/s become s]i\s ob/acles4 ,he is caught 9 ! embrace ( a :irlw9d2 he n>r[ly escapes fall+ into a =e/ fire2 he is precipitat$1 b h>mlessly1 into a p9e wood4 ,among o!r exp]im5ts1 he makes a small copy ( ,mr4 ,cock+'s p>a*ute1 & drops x to e>? ) a cat z pass5g]1 prov+ !reby t t un=tunate g5tleman's pr9ciple 0 really less 9 fault ?an ! actual sl5d]ness ( ! mat]ial us$ 9 8 ma*9e4 ,we n[ approa* "o ( ,wise's bolde/1 & at ! same "t mo/ valuable1 exp]im5ts4 ,x 0 ! summ] ( #ahci1 & once aga9 ! old tr\ble ( spontane\s combu/ion _h de/roy$ a silk balloon :i* 0 to h asc5d$ at ,ea/on1 ,pa4 ,undet]r$1 h[ev]1 ,wise resolutely adv]tis$ a fre% attempt1 &1 ) only a cle> mon? be=e ! engagem5t1 det]m9$ on ha/ily rigg+ up a cambric musl9 balloon1 soak+ x 9 l9se$ oil & essay+ ! be/ exhibition t ?is improvis$ exp]im5t c\ld af=d4 ,x 0 int5d$ to become a memorable "o1 inasmu* z1 %\ld he meet ) no h9drance1 8 det]m9ation 0 no?+ less ?an t ( bur/+ ?is balloon at a great height1 hav+ firmly conv9c$ himself t ! ma*9e 9 ^! circum/ances w\ld =m itself into a natural p>a*ute1 & br+ him to e>? ) e *ance 9 fav\r ( safety4 ,9 8 own words1 ,sci5tific calculations 7 on 8 side ) a c]ta9ty z great & pr9ciples z compreh5sive z t a pocket-h&k]*ief w n fall z rapidly to ! gr\nd :5 ?r[n out ( a ?ird /orey w9d[ z w a brick4 ,8 balloon 0 specially contriv$ = ! exp]im5t 9 h&1 hav+ cords sewn to ! upp] p>ts ( its seams1 & !n l$ d[n ?r\gh ! neck1 :]e !y 7 secur$ )9 rea*1 _! (fice be+ t ( r5d+ ! :ole head ( ! balloon %\ld ?is be desir$4 ,on ?is occasion a cat & a dog 7 tak5 up1 "o ( ^! be+ let fall f a height ( #b1jjj feet 9 a ,cock+'s p>a*ute1 & l&+ 9 safety1 ! o!r be+ simil>ly dismiss$ at an altitude ( #d1jjj feet 9 an oil$ silk balloon made 9 ! =m ( a collaps$ balloon1 :i*1 aft] fall+ a little di/ance1 exp&$ suffici5tly to all[ ( its desc5d+ ) a safe ?\gh some:at vibratory motion4 ,its behavi\r1 at any rate1 fully det]m9$ ,wise on c>ry+ out 8 own exp]im5t4 ,be+ con/ruct$ entirely = ! ma9 object 9 view1 ! balloon _h no true op5+ 9 ! neck beyond an orifice ( ab\t an in*1 & by ! "t a height ( #ac1jjj feet _h be5 rea*$ ! gas 0 /ream+ viol5tly ?r\gh ?is small hole1 ! entire globe be+ exp&$ ne>ly to bur/+ po9t1 & ! cords design$ = r5d+ ! balloon v t5se4 ,at ?is critical p]iod ,wise owns to hav+ exp]i5c$ consid]able n]v\s excitem5t1 & obs]v+ f> d[n a ?und]/orm 9 progress he began to wav] 9 8 m9d1 & incl9$ t[>ds reliev+ ! balloon ( its /ra91 & s ab&on+ 8 exp]im5t1 at lea/ = ! pres5t4 ,he rememb]s pull+ out 8 wat* to make a note ( ! h\r1 &1 :ile ?us occupi$1 ! /ra9+ cords1 gr[+ t5s] e mom5t1 sudd5ly took *>ge ( ! exp]im5t & bur/ ! balloon ( _! own accord4 ,! gas n[ ru%$ f ! huge r5t above tumultu\sly & 9 "s t5 seconds _h entirely escap$1 caus+ ! balloon to desc5d rapidly1 until ! l[] "p ( ! musl91 d\bl+ 9 upw>ds1 =m$ a species ( p>a*ute aft] ! mann] int5d$4 ,! balloon n[ came d[n ) zig-zag desc5t1 & f9ally ! c>1 /rik+ ! e>? obliquely1 toss$ its occupant out into a field unh>m$4 ,%ortly aft] ?is ,wise exp]im5t$ ) fur!r success ) an explod$ balloon4 ,x is n a little rem>kable t ?is pione] ( a]onautics 9 ,am]ican--a contempor>y ( ,*>les ,gre5 9 ,engl&1 b work+ & inve/igat+ s+le-h&$ on p]fectly indep5d5t l9es--%\ld h arriv$ at ! same conclusions z did ,gre5 himself z to ! possibility1 :i*1 9 8 op9ion1 am\nt$ to a c]ta9ty1 ( be+ able to cross ! ,atlantic by balloon if only adequate funds 7 =?-com+4 ,s int5t 0 he on 8 bold s*eme t1 9 ! summ] ( #ahdc1 he h&$ to ! ,lanca/] ,intellig5c] a proclamation1 :i* he desir$ might be convey$ to all publi%]s ( newspap]s on ! globe4 ,x conta9$1 among o!r clauses1 ! foll[+3-- ,hav+ f a long exp]i5ce 9 a]onautics be5 conv9c$ t a con/ant & regul> curr5t ( air is bl[+ at all times f we/ to ea/1 ) a velocity ( f tw5ty to =ty & ev5 sixty miles p] h\r1 accord+ to its height f ! e>?1 & hav+ discov]$ a composition :i* r5d]s silk or musl9 imp]vi\s to hydrog5 gas1 s t a balloon may be kept afloat = _m weeks1 ,i feel confid5t ) ^! advantages t a trip across ! ,atlantic w n be att5d$ ) z mu* real dang] z by ! common mode ( transition4 ,! balloon is to be #ajj feet 9 diamet]1 giv+ x a net asc5d+ p[] ( #be1jjj lbs4 ,x 0 fur!r /at$ t ! crew w\ld consi/ ( ?ree p]sons1 includ+ a sea navigator1 & a sci5tific l&sman4 ,! specifications = ! transatlantic vessel 7 also to include a seawor?y boat 9 place ( ! ord9>y c>4 ,! sum requisite = ?is ent]prise 01 at ! "t1 n realis$2 b x %\ld be m5tion$ t sev]al ye>s lat] a suffici5t sum ( money 0 actually subscrib$4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahgc ! proprietors ( ! ,new ,york ,daily ,graphic provid$ = ! con/ruction ( a balloon ( no less ?an #djj1jjj cubic feet capacity1 & calculat$ to lift #ad1jjj lbs4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 made ( bad mat]ial2 &1 becom+ torn 9 inflation1 ,wise condemn$ & decl9$ to use x4 ,a few mon?s lat]1 :5 x _h be5 repair$1 "o ,donaldson & two o!r adv5tur]s1 attempt+ a voyage ) ?is ill-=m$ mon/]1 asc5d$ f ,new ,york1 & 7 =tunate 9 com+ d[n safely1 ?\gh n )\t p]il1 some:]e 9 ,connecticut4 ,fail+ 9 8 gr& endeav\r1 ,wise cont9u$ to foll[ ! c>e] ( a pr(essional a]onaut = "s ye>s long]1 ( :i* he has left a full record1 t]m9at+ ) ! spr+ ( #ahdh4 ,8 asc5ts 7 always m>k$ by c>efulness ( detail1 & a coolness & c\rage 9 try+ circum/ances t secur$ him uni=m success & univ]sal reg>d4 ,he 01 moreov]1 always a close & intellig5t obs]v]1 & _m ( 8 memor&a are ( sci5tific value4 ,8 description ( an enc\nt] ) a /orm-cl\d 9 ! ,june ( #ahdc has an int]e/ ( its own1 & may n be consid]$ ov]drawn4 ,x 0 an asc5t f ,c>lisle1 ,pa41 to celebrate ! anniv]s>y ( ,bunk]'s ,hill1 & ,wise 0 anxi\s to gratify ! l>ge conc\rse ( p assembl$1 & ?us 0 tempt$1 soon aft] leav+ ! gr\nd1 to dive up into a huge black cl\d ( peculi>ly =bidd+ aspect4 ,?is cl\d appe>$ to rema9 /ation>y :ile he swept b5ea? x1 &1 hav+ rea*$ its c5tral position1 he obs]v$ t its "u surface 0 concave t[>ds ! e>?1 & at t mom5t he became swept upw>ds 9 a vortex t set 8 balloon sp9n+ & sw++ viol5tly1 :ile he himself 0 afflict$ ) viol5t nausea & a feel+ ( suffocation4 ,! cold exp]i5c$ n[ became int5se1 & ! cordage became glaz$ ) ice1 yet ?is _h no effect 9 *eck+ ! upw>d :irl+ ( ! balloon4 ,sun%9e 0 beyond ! upp] limits ( ! cl\d2 b ?is 0 no soon] rea*$ ?an ! balloon1 escap+ f ! upru%1 plung$ d[n sev]al hundr$ feet1 only to be :irl$ up aga91 & ?is reciprocal motion 0 repeat$ eight or t5 times dur+ an int]val ( tw5ty m9utes1 9 all ( :i* "t no exp5diture ( gas or dis*>ge ( balla/ enabl$ ! a]onaut to rega9 any control ov] 8 vessel4 ,/atem5ts conc]n+ a ?und]/orm witness$ at %ort range by ,wise w comp>e ) o!r acc\nts4 ,! ?und] rattl$ )\t any rev]b]ations1 & :5 ! /orm 0 pass+1 & "s d5se cl\ds mov+ 9 ! upp] curr5ts1 ! surface ( ! l[] /ratum swell$ up sudd5ly l a boil+ cauldron1 :i* 0 imm$iately foll[$ by ! mo/ brilliant ebullition ( sp>kl+ coruscations4 ,gre51 9 8 /ormy asc5t f ,newbury1 ,engl&1 witness$ a ?und]/orm bel[ him1 z w be rememb]$1 :ile an upp] cl\d /ratum lay at 8 own level4 ,x 0 !n t ,gre5 obs]v$ t at e dis*>ge ( ?und] all ! deta*$ pill>s ( cl\ds )9 ! di/ance ( a mile ar\nd became attract$4 ,! au?or w h occasion1 9 due place1 to give p]sonal exp]i5ces ( an enc\nt] ) a ?und]/orm :i* w comp>e ) ! =ego+ description4 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,e>ly ,,me?ods ,,& ,,ideas4 ,be=e proce$+ to introduce ! *ief actors & _! a*ievem5ts 9 ! p]iod next be=e u1 x w be in/ructive to glance at "s ( ! pr9cipal ideas & me?ods 9 fav\r ) a]onauts up to ! date n[ rea*$4 ,x w be se5 t ,wise 9 ,am]ica1 contr>y to ! practice ( ,gre5 9 our own c\ntry1 _h a /rong atta*m5t to ! antique mode ( inflation ) hydrog5 prep>$ by ! vitriolic process2 & 8 balloons 7 specially made & v>ni%$ = ! use ( ?is gas4 ,! advantage :i* he ?us b\ght at ! exp5se ( mu* tr\ble & ! provid+ ( cumb]some equipm5t 0 obvi\s en\gh1 & may be well express$ by a =mula :i* holds good to-day1 namely1 t :]eas #a1jjj cubic feet ( hydrog5 is capable ( lift+ #g lbs41 ! same quantity ( coal gas ( ord9>y quality w raise b #ce lbs4 ,! light] gas came into all ,wise's calculations = bold] s*emes4 ,?us1 :5 he discusses ! possibility ( us+ a metal balloon1 8 figures "w out z foll[s3 ,if a balloon ( #bjj feet diamet] 7 con/ruct$ out ( copp]1 weigh+ "o p\nd to ! squ>e foot2 if1 moreov]1 "s six tons 7 all[$ = ! weight ( c> & fa/5+s1 an available lift+ p[] w\ld rema9 capable ( rais+ #de tons to an altitude ( two miles4 ,?is calculation may appe> some:at />tl+1 yet x is n only sub/antially correct1 b ,wise ent]ta9$ no d\bt z to ! practicability ( su* a ma*9e4 ,= its inflation he sugge/s ins]t+ a musl9 balloon fill$ ) air )9 ! copp] globe1 & !n pass+ hydrog5 gas betwe5 ! musl9 & copp] surfaces1 :i* w\ld exclude ! inn] balloon z ! copp] "o fill$ up4 ,8 me?od ( prep>+ hydrog5 0 practically t /ill adopt$ 9 ! field1 & seems 9 8 h&s to h be5 seldom att5d$ ) difficulty4 ,) eight common #acj-;gallon rum pun*eons he c\ld reckon on evolv+ #e1jjj cubic feet ( gas 9 an h\r1 us+ 8 elem5ts 9 ! foll[+ proportions3 wat]1 #efj lbs42 sulphuric acid 7sp4 g4 #a4he71 #add lbs42 iron turn+s1 #abe lbs4 ,! gas1 z giv5 (f1 0 cool$ & purifi$ by be+ pass$ ?r\gh a head ( wat] kept cool & conta9+ lime 9 solution4 ,contra/$ ) ?is1 we f9d x e/imat$1 accord+ to ! practice ( ?is "t1 t a ton ( good bitum9\s coal %\ld yield #aj1jjj cubic feet ( c>burett$ hydrog5 fit = light+ purposes1 & a fur!r quantity :i*1 ?\gh useless z an illum9ant1 is /ill ( excell5t quality = ! a]onaut4 ,x w\ld ev5 seem f a /atem5t ( ,mr4 ,monck ,mason t ! value ( coke 9 8 day l>gely comp5sat$ = ! co/ ( produc+ coal gas1 s t 9 a l>ge numb] ( ,gre5's asc5ts no *>ge :atev] 0 made = gas by ! companies t suppli$ him4 ,"s1 at lea/1 ( ! me?ods =m]ly recomm5d$ = ! managem5t ( free balloons mu/ 9 ^! days be modifi$4 ,gre51 z we h se51 0 9 fav\r ( a trail rope ( inord9ate l5g?1 :i* he recomm5d$ bo? z an aid to /e]+ & = a sav+ ( balla/4 ,9 special circum/ances1 & m p>ticul>ly ov] ! sea1 ?is may be reckon$ a s]viceable adjunct1 b ov] l& its use1 9 ?is c\ntry at lea/1 w\ld be op5 to s]i\s objection4 ,! writ] has se5 ! con/]nation1 n to say havoc1 t a trail rope may occasion :5 cross+ a t[n1 or ev5 private gr\nds1 & ! actual damage done to a g>d5 ( hops1 or to telegraph or telephone wires1 may be v s]i\s inde$4 ,moreov]1 ! /atem5t made by "s e>ly practition]s t a trail rope w n cat* s z to hold fa/ 9 a wood or ! l1 is n to be reli$ on1 = an in/ance c\ld be m5tion$ com+ "u ! writ]'s k :]e su* a rope 0 ! s\rce ( s mu* tr\ble 9 a high w9d t x _h to be cut away4 ,! tr\ble arose 9 ?is way4 ,! rope dragg$ h>mlessly en\gh along ! op5 gr\nd4 ,x w\ld1 likewise1 negotiate exce$+ly well a s+le tree or a :ole plantation1 cat*+ & releas+ itself ) only su* mod]ate tugs at ! c> z 7 n di/urb+2 b1 pres5tly1 its end1 :i* _h be5 caught & aga9 releas$ by "o tree1 swung free 9 air ?r\gh a consid]able gap to ano!r tree1 :]e1 /rik+ a horizontal b\gh1 x coil$ itself sev]al times ar\nd1 & ?us held ! balloon fa/1 :i* n[1 ) ! /r5g? ( ! w9d1 0 borne to ! e>? aga9 & aga91 reb\nd+ high 9 air aft] ea* impact1 until fre$om 0 ga9$ only by ! sacrifice ( a portion ( ! rope4 ,wise recomm5ds a p5dant l9e ( #fjj or #hjj feet1 capable ( be>+ a /ra9 ( #ajj lbs41 & ) *>act]i/ic +5uity sugge/s a special use :i* c be made ( x1 namely1 t ( hav+ light ribbons ti$ on at e hundr$ feet1 by means ( :i* ! drifts ( l[] curr5ts may be detect$4 ,9 ?is sugge/ion !re is1 inde$1 a great deal ( s\nd s5se2 = !re is1 z w be %[n h]eaft]1 v mu* value to be atta*$ to a k ( ^? air riv]s t are fl[+1 (t5 :olly unsuspect$1 at v>i\s heights4 ,small p>a*utes1 crumpl$ pap]1 & o!r su*-l bodies z are commonly ?r[n out & reli$ on to decl>e ! l[] drifts1 are n :olly tru/wor?y1 = ?is reason--t air-/reams are (t5 v sl5d]1 m]e filam5ts1 z !y are sometimes call$1 & ^!1 ?\gh sett+ 9 "s def9ite direction1 & capable ( entrapp+ & waft+ away "s small body :i* may come )9 _! influ5ce1 may n affect ! travel ( s big an object z a balloon1 :i* c only p>take ( "s m g5]al air movem5t4 ,wise1 by 8 exp$i5t ( ty+ ribbons at diff]5t po9ts to 8 trail rope1 w\ld obta9 mu* m correct & con/ant in=mation respect+ ^? g5]al /reams ?r\gh :i* ! p5dant rope 0 mov+4 ,a simil> exp$i5t adopt$ by ! same +5i\s a]onaut is wor?y ( imitation1 namely1 t ( ty+ ribbons on to a rod project+ lat]ally f ! c>4 ,^! =m a h&y & con/ant telltale z to ! flight ( ! balloon1 = %\ld !y be flutt]+ upw>ds ! sky sailor at once kn[s t 8 craft is desc5d+1 & t he mu/ act accord+ly4 ,! mat]ial1 pure silk1 :i* 0 univ]sally adopt$ up to & aft] ! p]iod we are n[ reg>d+1 is n on e acc\nt to be reckon$ ! mo/ desirable4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 its co/ alone is prohibitive1 & next1 al?\gh light] ?an any k9d ( l951 /r5g? = /r5g?1 x requires a great] weight ( v>ni%1 :i*1 moreov]1 x does n take s k9dly z does fabric made ( vegetable tissue4 ,fur!r1 p>adoxical z x may appe>1 its great /r5g? is n entirely an advantage4 ,!re are occasions :i* mu/ come into ! exp]i5ce ( e zeal\s a]onaut :5 8 balloon has desc5d$ 9 a r\gh w9d1 & 9 awkw>d c\ntry4 ,?is may1 inde$1 happ5 ev5 :5 ! asc5t has be5 made 9 calm4 ,squalls ( w9d may spr+ up at %ort notice1 or aft] trav]s+ only two or ?ree c\nties a /rong gale may be f\nd on ! e>?1 ?\gh su* 0 abs5t 9 ! />t+ gr\nd4 ,?is is m p>ticul>ly ! case :5 ! l&+ *ances to be on high gr\nd 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! sea4 ,9 ^! circum/ances1 ! c>eful ballooni/1 :o w g5]ally be =ew>n$ by ! ruffle on any wat] he may pass1 or by ! drift ( smoke1 ! toss+ ( trees1 or by _! v ru/l+ or s++ waft$ upw>ds to him1 w1 if possible1 seek = 8 l&+ place ! lee ( a wood or "s o!r %elt]$ spot4 ,b1 ev5 ) all 8 c>e1 he w sometimes f9d himself1 on rea*+ e>?1 be+ dragg$ viol5tly across c\ntry on a mad c\rse :i* ! an*or _c *eck4 ,n[1 ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* he is mak+ an unwill+ /eeple*ase may be difficult1 or ev5 dang]\s4 ,riv]s1 railway cutt+s1 or o!r undesirable ob/acles may lie ahead1 or1 worse yet1 su* a dea? trap z 9 su* circum/ances almo/ any "p ( ,d]by%ire af=ds1 ) its /one walls1 its precipit\s cliffs1 & deep rocky dells4 ,to be dragg$ at ! spe$ ( an express tra9 ?r\gh t]ritory ( ?is description w pres5tly mean damage to some?+1 p]haps to telegraph poles1 to ro(s1 or crops1 & if n1 !n to ! balloon itself4 ,some?+ app]ta9+ to x mu/ be victimis$1 & x is 9 all ways be/ t ?is %\ld be ! fabric ( ! balloon itself4 ,if made ( "s =m1 or at lea/ "s proportion ( l951 ?is w probably r5d ere long1 &1 all[+ ! gas to escape1 w soon br+ itself to re/4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if ! balloon prop] is a silk "o1 ) s\nd net & 9 good condition1 x is probable t some?+ else w give way fir/1 & t some?+ may prove to be ! hapless pass5g] or pass5g]s4 ,& "h be x laid d[n z "o fir/ & all-important pr9ciple1 t 9 any su* awkw>d pr$icam5t z t j describ$1 if !re be m ?an "o pass5g] abo>d1 let none attempt to get out4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 he may v probably break a limb 9 s do+1 inasmu* z ! tangle ( ! ropes w n all[ ( 8 gett+ cut readily2 or1 :5 actually on ! gr\nd1 he may be caught & impal$ by ! an*or *>g+ & leap+ beh9d4 ,b1 worse ?an all1 he may1 9 any case1 jeop>dise ! lives ( 8 companions1 :o /& 9 ne$ ( all ! available weight & help t ! c> conta9s up to ! mom5t ,( com+ to f9al re/4 ,we h already t\*$ on ! e>ly notions z to ! means ( /e]+ a balloon4 ,o>s _h be5 te/$ )\t satisfactory result1 & ! conception ( a rot>y screw f\nd fav\r among !ori/s at ?is "t1 ! pr9ciple be+ actually tri$ ) success 9 work+ models1 :i*1 by me*anical means1 c\ld be made to flit ab\t 9 ! /ill air ( ! lecture room2 b ! only feasible me?od advocat$ 0 t already allud$ to1 :i* dep5d$ on ! undesirable action ( a trail rope dragg+ ov] ! gr\nd or ?r\gh wat]4 ,! idea 01 ( c\rse1 p]fectly practical1 & 0 simply analog\s to ! me?od adopt$ by sailors1 :o1 :5 float+ ) ! /ream b )\t w9d1 are desir\s ( ga9+ /e]age way4 ,:ile simply drift+ ) ! flood1 !y are unable to guide _! vessel 9 any way1 & ?is1 9 practice1 is commonly effect$ by simply propell+ ! vessel fa/] ?an ! /ream1 9 :i* case ! rudd] at once becomes available4 ,b ! same result is equally well obta9$ by sl[+ ! vessel1 & ?is is easily accompli%$ by a cable1 ) a small an*or or o!r weight atta*$1 dragg+ bel[ ! vessel4 ,?is cable is ess5tially ! same z ! guide-rope ( ! old] a]onauts4 ,x is :5 we come to consid] ! impressions & s5sations describ$ by sky voyag]s ( bygone times t we f9d !m curi\sly at v>iance ) our own4 ,z an in/ance1 we may /ate t ! e>?1 z se5 f a highfly+ balloon1 us$ to be almo/ always describ$ z appe>+ concave1 or l a huge bas91 & +5i\s attempts 7 made to prove ma!matically t ?is mu/ be s4 ,! laws ( refraction are br\ght 9 to prove ! fact2 or1 aga91 ! case is /at$ ?us3 ,suppos+ ! extreme horizon to be se5 :5 ! balloon is little m ?an a mile high1 ! range ( view on all sides w !n be1 r\ghly1 "s eighty miles4 ,if1 !n1 a l9e 7 drawn f ! a]ial obs]v] to ?is remote di/ance1 t l9e w\ld be almo/ horizontal2 s ne>ly s t he _c p]suade himself t 8 horizon is o!rwise ?an /ill on a level ) 8 eye2 yet ! e>? bel[ him lies1 z x seems1 at ! bottom ( a huge gulf4 ,?us ! :ole visible e>? appe>s z a va/ b[l or bas94 ,?is is extremely +5i\s reason+1 & n to be disreg>d$2 b ! fact rema9s t 9 ! exp]i5ce ( ! writ] & ( _m o!rs :om he has consult$1 !re is no su* optical illusion z ,i h j discuss$1 & to _! vision x is impossible to reg>d ! e>? z any?+ b uni=mly flat4 ,ano!r impression inv>iably insi/$ on by e>ly ballooni/s is t ! e>?1 on quitt+ x1 appe>s to drop away into an abyss1 leav+ ! voyag]s motionless1 & ?is illusion mu/1 inde$1 be probably univ]sal4 ,x is ! same illusion z ! app>5t glid+ backw>ds ( objects to a travell] 9 a railway c>riage2 only 9 ?is latt] case ! rattl+ & %ak+ ( ! c>riage helps ! m9d to grasp ! real fact t ! motion belongs to ! tra9 itself2 :]eas x is o!rwise ) a balloon1 ^: motion is s p]fectly smoo? z to be q imp]ceptible4 ,old ideas1 =m$ ^u insuffici5t obs]vations1 ev5 if errone\s1 7 sl[ to die4 ,?us x us$ to be /at$ t an upp] cl\d floor adapt$ itself to ! cont\r ( ! l& ov] :i* x re/$1 giv+ :at ,mr4 ,monck ,mason has call$ a phr5ological e/imate ( ! "* ( ! e>? bel[2 ! cl\ds1 ev5 :5 "u ! influ5ce ( rapid motion1 seem+ to accommodate !mselves to all v>iations ( =m 9 ! surface ( ! subjac5t soil1 ris+ ) its prom95ces & s9k+ ) its depressions4 ,probably few a]onauts ( ! pres5t "t w accept ! /atem5t4 ,x us$ commonly to be ass]t$1 & is s (t5 to ?is day1 t a feel+ z ( sea-sickness is exp]i5c$ 9 balloon travel1 & ! notion has und\bt$ly aris5 f ! circum/ances att5d+ an asc5t 9 a captive balloon4 ,x 7 well1 n[ t balloon+ bids fair to become popul>1 to disabuse ! public m9d ( su* a :olly false idea4 ,! tru? is t a balloon let up ) a l5g?y rope & held captive w1 ) a fitful breeze1 pit* & sway 9 a mann] :i* may induce all ! unpleasant feel+s att5d+ a r\gh passage at sea4 ,x may d worse1 & ev5 be borne to e>? ) a puff ( w9d :i* may come unexpect$ly1 & consid]ably unsettle ! n]ves ( any holiday pass5g]4 ,i c\ld tell ( a captive t _h be5 behav+ itself cr$itably on a n v settl$ day sudd5ly swoop+ ov] a roadway & d[n into public g>d5s1 :]e x lay incont95tly along ! gr\nd1 & !n1 be=e ! a/oni%$ pass5g]s c\ld attempt to alight1 x 0 seiz$ ) ano!r mood1 &1 m\nt+ once aga9 maje/ically skyw>d1 submitt$ to be haul$ d[n ) all becom+ grace & ease4 ,x is ow+ to _! vag>ies & want ( manageability t1 z w be %[n1 captives are ( unc]ta9 use 9 w>4 ,on ! o!r h&1 a free balloon is exempt f su* disadvantages1 & at mod]ate heights n ! smalle/ feel+ ( nausea is ev] exp]i5c$4 ,! only unpleasant s5sation1 & t n ( any gravity1 ev] compla9$ (1 is a peculi> t5sion 9 ! e>s exp]i5c$ 9 a rapid asc5t1 or m (t51 p]haps1 9 a desc5t4 ,! cause1 :i* is trivial & easily remov$1 %\ld be prop]ly und]/ood1 & _c be giv5 9 cle>] language ?an t us$ by ,pr(essor ,tyndall3--,beh9d ! tympanic membrane exi/s a cavity--! drum ( ! e>--9 "p cross$ by a s]ies ( bones1 & 9 "p occupi$ by air4 ,?is cavity communicates ) ! m\? by means ( a duct call$ ! ,eu/a*ian tube4 ,?is tube is g5]ally clos$1 ! air space beh9d ! tympanic membrane be+ ?us cut (f f ! ext]nal air4 ,if1 "u ^! circum/ances1 ! ext]nal air becomes d5s]1 x w press ! tympanic membrane inw>ds2 if1 on ! o!r h&1 ! air on ! o!r side becomes r>]1 :ile ! ,eu/a*ian tube becomes clos$1 ! membrane w be press$ outw>ds4 ,pa9 is felt 9 bo? cases1 & p>tial deafness is exp]i5c$4444 ,by ! act ( swall[+ ! ,eu/a*ian tube is op5$1 & ?us equilibrium is e/abli%$ betwe5 ! ext]nal & int]nal pressure4 ,f\nd$ on physical facts m or less correct 9 !mselves1 come a numb] ( tales ( old5 days1 :i* are at lea/ m m>vell\s ?an cr$ible1 ! foll[+ s]v+ z an example4 ,! sci5tific tru? und]ly+ ! /ory is ! well-kn[n exp$i5t ( plac+ a %rivell$ apple "u ! receiv] ( an air pump4 ,z ! air becomes r>efi$ ! apple swells1 smoo?s itself out1 & pres5tly becomes r\nd & rosy z x 0 9 ! summ] "t4 ,x is record$ t on "o occasion a man ( mature ye>s made an asc5t1 accompani$ by 8 son1 &1 aft] rea*+ "s height1 ! y\? rem>k$ on h[ "y 8 fa!r 0 look+4 ,!y /ill cont9u$ to asc5d1 & ! same rem>k 0 repeat$ m ?an once4 ,& at la/1 hav+ n[ rea*$ att5uat$ regions1 ! son cri$ 9 a/oni%m5t1 ,:y1 dad1 y ought to be at s*ool6 ,! cause ( ?is rem>k 0 t 9 ! r>efi$ air all ! wr9kles _h come out ( ! old man's face1 & 8 *eeks 7 z *ubby z 8 son's4 ,?is discussion ( old ideas %\ld n be clos$ )\t m5tion ( a plausible plea = ! balloon made by ,wise & o!rs on ! score ( its value to heal?4 ,l(ty asc5ts h prov$ a /ra9 on ev5 robu/ con/itutions--! he>t may beg9 to suff]1 or ills ak9 to m\nta9 sickness may int]v5e be=e a height equal to t ( our l(tie/ m\nta9 is rea*$4 ,b _m h spok5 ( an exhil>ation ( spirits n inf]ior to t ( ! m\nta9e]1 :i* is exp]i5c$1 & )\t fatigue1 9 sky voyages reasonably indulg$ 9--( a light-he>t$ness1 a gl[ ( heal?1 a %>p5$ appetite1 & ! ke5 enjoym5t ( m]e exi/5ce4 ,nay1 x has be5 s]i\sly affirm$ t m good may be got by ! invalid 9 an h\r or two :ile two miles up on a f9e summ]'s day ?an is to be ga9$ 9 an entire voyage f ,new ,york to ,madeira by sea4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,! ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,a ,,new ,,era4 ,resum+ ! roll ( progressive a]onauts 9 ,engl& ^: lab\rs 7 devot$ to ! practical conque/ ( ! air1 & ^: me?ods & me*anical a*ievem5ts m>k ! road ( advance by :i* ! successes ( to-day h be5 obta9$1 !re /& out prom95tly two individuals1 ( :om "o has already receiv$ m5tion 9 ^! pages4 ,! p]iod ( a s+le life is seldom suffici5t to all[ )9 its span ! full developm5t ( any new dep>ture 9 art or sci5ce1 & x _c1 !re=e1 be wond]$ at if ,*>les ,gre51 ?\gh reviv+ & re-modell+ ! art ( balloon+ 9 our own c\ntry1 ev5 aft] an exceptionally long & successful c>e]1 left t pursuit to :i* he _h giv5 new bir? virtually /ill 9 its infancy4 ,! ye> foll[+ t 9 :i* ,gre5 conduct$ ! fam\s ,nassau voyage we f9d him exp]im5t+ 9 ! same balloon ) 8 *os5 fri5d & colleague1 ,edw>d ,sp5c]1 solicitor1 ( ,b>nsbury1 :o1 only n9e ye>s lat]1 compiles memor&a ( ?irty-f\r asc5ts1 made "u e v>iety ( circum/ance1 _m be+ ( a highly ent]pris+ nature4 ,we f9d him writ+ en?usia/ically ( ! raptures he exp]i5c$ :5 sail+ ov] ,london 9 night h\rs1 ( l(ty asc5ts & extremely l[ temp]atures1 ( spe$+ tw5ty-eight miles 9 tw5ty m9utes1 ( grapnel ropes break+1 & ( a cross-c\ntry race ( f\r miles ?r\gh woods & h$ges4 ,su* 0 ,mr4 ,sp5c] ! eld]1 & if fur!r evid5ce 7 ne$$ ( 8 practical acqua9tance )1 z well z p]sonal devotion to1 8 adopt$ pr(ession ( a]onautics1 we h x 9 ! /ore ( work+ calculations & o!r m9utiae ( ! craft1 mo/ c>efully compil$ 9 manuscript by 8 own h&2 ^! memor&a be+ to ?is day con/antly consult$ by 8 gr&sons1 ! pres5t em95t a]onauts1 ,messrs4 ,sp5c] ,bro!rs1 z supply+ a manual ( reliable data = ! execution ( mu* ( ! mo/ important p>ts ( _! "w4 ,9 ! t]rific ordeal & risk entail$ by ! d>+ & fatal p>a*ute desc5t ( ,cock+1 ,gre5 requir$ an assi/ant ( exceptional n]ve & reliability1 &1 z has be5 record$1 8 *oice at once fell on ,edw>d ,sp5c]4 ,9 ?is *oice x has already be5 %[n t he 0 well ju/ifi$1 & 9 ! try+ circum/ances t ensu$ ,gre5 frankly owns t x 0 8 compet5t companion :o 0 ! fir/ to recov] himself4 ,a few ye>s lat]1 :5 a di/+ui%$ company1 among :om 7 ,alb]t ,smi? & ,%irley ,brooks1 made a memorable asc5t f ,cremorne1 ,edw>d ,sp5c] is "o ( ! select p>ty4 ,"s acc\nt ( ?is voyage %\ld be giv51 & x ne$ n be said t no m graphic acc\nt is to be f\nd ?an t giv5 by ! facile p5 ( ,alb]t ,smi? himself4 ,8 p]sonal n>rative also =ms an in/ructive contra/ to ano!r :i* he _h occasion to give to ! _w %ortly aft]w>ds1 & :i* %all be duly notic$4 ,! en?usia/ic writ] fir/ describes1 ) app>5t pride1 ! company t asc5d$ ) him4 ,besides ,mr4 ,%irley ,brooks1 !re 7 ,messrs4 ,davidson1 ( ! ,g>rick ,club2 ,mr4 ,john ,lee1 well kn[n 9 !atrical circles2 ,mr4 ,p4 ,?ompson1 ( ,guy's ,hospital1 & o!rs--t5 9 all1 includ+ ,*>les ,gre5 z skipp]1 & ,edw>d ,sp5c]1 :o1 sitt+ 9 ! rigg+1 0 entru/$ ) ! all-important managem5t ( ! valve rope4 ,! fir/ s5sation exp]i5c$1 ,alb]t ,smi? cont9ues1 0 n t we 7 ris+1 b t ! balloon rema9$ fix$1 :il/ all ! _w bel[ 0 rapidly fall+ away2 :ile ! *e]s ) :i* !y greet$ our dep>ture grew fa9t]1 & ! *e]]s !mselves began to look l ! inmates ( _m sixp5ny ,noah's ,arks gr\p$ ^u a billi>d table4444 ,our hats w\ld h held millions4444 ,& mo/ /range is ! ro> ( ! city z x comes surg+ into ! welk9 z ?\gh ! :ole metropolis *e]$ y ) "o voice4444 ,yet none beyond ! ord9>y pass5g]s are to be se54 ,! noise is z inexplicable z ! murmur 9 ! air at hot summ] noontide4 ,! significance ( ?is la/ rem>k w be insi/$ on :5 ! writ] has to tell 8 own exp]i5ces al(t ov] ,london1 z also a note to ! effect t !re 7 se5 l>ge enclos$ fields & g>d5s & pleasure gr\nds :]e none 7 suppos$ to exi/ by ord9>y pass5g]s4 ,ano!r int]e/+ note1 hav+ ref]5ce to a once famili> feature on ! riv]1 n[ disappe>+1 relat$ to ! paddle boats ( ^? days1 ! /eam]s mak+ a v beautiful effect1 leav+ two long w+s ( foam beh9d !m simil> to ! tra9 ( a table rocket4 ,highly sugge/ive1 too1 ( ! exp]i5ces ( railway travell]s 9 ! ye> #ahdg is ! acc\nt ( ! alight+1 :i*1 by ! way1 0 obvi\sly ( no v rude nature4 ,e "t1 says ! writ]1 ! grapnel cat*es 9 ! gr\nd ! balloon is pull$ up sudd5ly ) a %ock t w\ld soon s5d anybody f 8 seat1 a j]k l t :i* occurs :5 fre% c>riages are br\ght up to a railway tra94 ,b ! conclud+ p>agraph 9 ?is rosy n>rative af=ds ano!r & a v notable contra/ to ! /ory :i* t same writ] _h occasion to put on record be=e t same ye> _h pass$4 ,we c\nsel ev]ybody to g up 9 a balloon444 ,9 spite ( ! app>5t frightful fragility ( cane & network no?+ c 9 reality be m secure444 ,! /ories ( pressure on ! e>s1 int5se cold1 & ! dang] ( com+ d[n are all fictions4444 ,inde$1 we almo/ want$ a few p]ils to give a little excitem5t to ! trip1 & h "s notion1 if possible1 ( go+ up ! next "t at midnight ) fireworks 9 a ?und]/orm1 ?r[+ away all ! balla/1 fa/5+ d[n ! valve1 & see+ :]e ! w9d w s5d u4 ,! fireworks1 ! ?und]/orm1 & ! ?r[+ away ( balla/1 all came (f on ! #ae? ( ! foll[+ ,octob]1 :5 ,alb]t ,smi? made 8 second asc5t1 ?is "t f ,vauxhall ,g>d5s1 "u ! guidance ( ,mr4 ,gypson1 & accompani$ by two fell[-pass5g]s4 ,fireworks1 :i* 7 to be display$ :5 al(t1 7 susp5d$ on a framework =ty feet bel[ ! c>4 ,lightn+ 0 also play+ ar\nd z !y ca/ (f4 ,! description :i* ,alb]t ,smi? gives ( ,london by night z se5 f an e/imat$ elevation ( #d1jjj feet1 %\ld be comp>$ ) o!r descriptions t w be giv5 9 ^! pages3-- ,9 ! obscurity all traces ( h\ses & enclosures are lo/ sight (4 ,i c comp>e x to no?+ else ?an float+ ov] d>k blue & b\ndless sea spangl$ ) hundr$s ( ?\s&s ( />s4 ,^! />s 7 ! lamps4 ,we c\ld see !m /ret*+ ov] ! riv] at ! bridges1 edg+ its banks1 =m+ squ>es & long p>allel l9es ( light 9 ! /reets & solit>y p>ks4 ,fur!r & fur!r ap>t until !y 7 altoge!r lo/ 9 ! suburbs4 ,! effect 0 bewild]+4 ,at #g1jjj feet1 "o ( ! pass5g]s1 sitt+ 9 ! r+1 rem>k$ t ! balloon 0 gett+ v t5se1 & ! ord] 0 giv5 to ease h] by op5+ ! top valve4 ,! valve l9e 0 accord+ly pull$1 & imm$iately aft]w>ds we he>d a noise simil> to ! escape ( /eam 9 a locomotive1 & ! l[] "p ( ! balloon collaps$ rapidly1 & appe>$ to fly up into ! upp] portion4 ,at ! same in/ant ! balloon began to fall ) appall+ velocity1 ! imm5se mass ( loose silk surg+ & ru/l+ frightfully ov] our heads4444 retreat+ up away f u m & m into ! head ( ! balloon4 ,! sugge/ion 0 made to ?r[ ev]y?+ ov] t might light5 ! balloon4 ,i _h two s&bags 9 my lap1 :i* 7 ca/ away directly4444 ,!re 7 sev]al l>ge bags ( balla/1 & "s bottles ( w9e1 & ^! 7 in/antly ?r[n away1 b no effect 0 p]ceptible4 ,! w9d /ill appe>$ to be ru%+ up pa/ u at a fe>ful rate1 &1 to add to ! horror1 we came among ! /ill expir+ dis*>ge ( ! fireworks :i* float$ 9 ! air1 s t little bits ( explod$ cases & t\*-pap]1 /ill inc&esc5t1 atta*$ !mselves to ! cordage ( ! balloon & 7 bl[n into sp>ks4444 ,i presume we mu/ h be5 upw>ds ( a mile f ! e>?4444 ,h[ long we 7 desc5d+ ,i h n ! slighte/ idea1 b two m9utes mu/ h be5 ! outside4444 ,we n[ saw ! h\ses1 ! ro(s ( :i* appe>$ advanc+ to meet u1 & ! next in/ant1 z we da%$ by _! summits1 ! words1 ',hold h>d6' bur/ simultane\sly f all ! p>ty4444 ,we 7 all directly ?r[n out ( ! c> along ! gr\nd1 &1 incompreh5sible z x n[ appe>s to me1 nobody 0 s]i\sly hurt4 ,b n s incompreh5sible1 aft] all1 w be ! v]dict ( all :o comp>e ! above n>rative ) ! asc5ts giv5 9 a =ego+ acc\nt ( h[ ,wise _h f>$ m ?an once :5 8 balloon _h bur/4 ,=1 z w be readily guess$1 ! balloon _h 9 ?is case also bur/1 ow+ to ! release ( ! upp] valve be+ delay$ too long1 & ! balloon _h 9 ! natural way trans=m$ itself into a true p>a*ute4 ,moreov]1 ! fall1 :i*1 by ,alb]t ,smi?'s own %[+1 0 t ( ab\t a mile 9 two m9utes1 0 n m excessive ?an "o :i* w pres5tly be record$ ( ,mr4 ,glai%]1 :o escap$ ) no mat]ial injury beyond a few bruises4 ,"o fact has till n[ be5 omitt$ ) reg>d to ! above s5sational voyage1 namely1 ! "n ( ! pass5g] :o1 sitt+ 9 ! r+1 0 ! fir/ to po9t out ! imm95t dang] ( ! balloon4 ,?is individual 0 none o!r ?an ,mr4 ,h5ry ,coxwell1 ! second1 inde$1 ( ! two :o 7 m5tion$ 9 ! op5+ p>agraph ( ?is *apt] z m>k+ ! road ( progress :i* x is ! scope ( ^! pages to trace1 & to :om we mu/ n[ =mally introduce our read]s4 ,?is ju/ly fam\s sky pilot1 ^: practical acqua9tance ) balloon+ ext5ds ov] m ?an =ty ye>s1 0 ! son ( a naval (fic] resid+ ne> ,*a?am1 & 9 8 autobiography he describes en?usia/ically h[1 a lad ( n9e ye>s old1 he wat*$ ?r\gh a sea telescope a balloon1 pilot$ by ,*>les ,gre51 asc5d f ,ro*e/] &1 cross+ ! ,?ames1 disappe> 9 di/ance ov] ! ,essex flats4 ,he goes on to describe h[ ! incid5t />t$ him 9 ^? e>ly days on boyi% endeav\rs to con/ruct fire balloons & pap] p>a*utes4 ,"s ye>s lat] 8 home1 on ! dea? ( 8 fa!r1 be+ transf]r$ to ,el?am1 he came )9 frequ5t view ( su* balloons z1 />t+ f ! neighb\rhood ( ,london1 w ?r\gh ! summ] drift ) ! prevail+ w9ds ov] t "p ( ,k5t4 ,& x 0 "h t1 ere long1 he came 9 at ! dea? ( ano!r balloon ( :i* ,gre5 0 9 *>ge4 ,& f ?is "t onw>ds ! s*oolboy ) ! /range hobby 0 con/antly able to witness ! flights & ev5 ! inflations ( ^? %ips ( ! air1 :i*1 8 family associations not)/&+ took prec$5ce ( all boyi% div]sions4 ,8 eld] bro!r1 n[ a naval (fic]1 entirely fail$ to div]t 8 aspirations into o!r *annels1 & x 0 :5 ! boy _h complet$ sixte5 summ]s t an a]onautic ent]prise attract$ n only 8 own1 b public att5tion also4 ,x 0 ! build+ ( a mammo? balloon at ,vauxhall "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ,mr4 ,gre54 ,! laun*+ ( ?is huge craft :5 complet$ 0 reg>d$ z s great an occasion t ! "y ,coxwell1 :o _h by ?is "t obta9$ a comm]cial op5+ abroad1 0 all[$1 at 8 e>ne/ entreaty1 to /ay till ! ev5t _h come (f1 & fifty ye>s aft] ! h>d5$ sky sailor is f\nd describ+ ) a boyi% en?usiasm h[ ?irty-six policem5 7 ne$$ r\nd t balloon2 h[ enorm\s weights 7 atta*$ to ! cordage1 only to be lift$ feet above ! gr\nd2 :ile ! police 7 compell$ to pass _! /aves ?r\gh ! me%es to prev5t ! cords cutt+ _! h&s4 ,at ?is asc5t ,mr4 ,hollond 0 a pass5g]1 & by ! middle ( ! foll[+ ,novemb] all ,europe 0 r++ ) ! great ,nassau v5ture4 ,comm]cial bus9ess did n suit ! "y ,coxwell1 & at ! age ( "o-&-tw5ty we f9d him try+ 8 h& at ! pr(ession ( surgeon-d5ti/1 n1 h[ev]1 ) any prospect ( its keep+ him f ! long+ ( 8 s\l1 :i* grew /rong] & /rong] ^u him4 ,x 0 n till ! summ] ( #ahdd t ,mr4 ,hampton1 giv+ an exhibition f ! ,:ite ,conduit ,g>d5s1 ,p5tonville1 (f]$ ! "y man1 !n tw5ty-five ye>s old1 8 fir/ asc5t4 ,9 aft] ye>s ,coxwell ref]r$ to 8 fir/ s5sations 9 *>act]i/ic language1 contra/+ !m ) ! exp]i5ces ( ! m\nta9e]4 ,9 ,alp9e travels1 he says1 ! process is s sl[1 & contact ) ! cru/ ( ! e>? s palpable1 t ! travell] is gradually prep>$ = ea* successive phase ( view z x pres5ts itself4 ,b 9 ! balloon survey1 cities1 villages1 & va/ tracts = obs]vation spr+ almo/ magically be=e ! eye1 & *ange 9 aspect & size s pleas+ly t bewild]m5t fir/ & !n unb\nd$ admiration is sure to foll[4 ,! ice 0 n[ fairly brok51 &1 n suff]+ pr(essional duties to be any h9drance1 ,coxwell began to make a s]ies ( asc5ts "u ! lead]%ip ( two rival ballooni/s1 ,gale & ,gypson4 ,"o voyage made ) ! latt] he describes z lead+ to ! mo/ p]il\s desc5t 9 ! annals ( a]o/ation4 ,?is 0 ! occasion1 giv5 above1 on :i* ,alb]t ,smi? 0 a pass5g]1 & :i* t tal5t$ writ] describes 9 8 own fa%ion4 ,he does n1 h[ev]1 add ! fact1 wor?y ( be+ *ronicl$1 t exactly a week aft] ! appall+ adv5ture ,gypson & ,coxwell1 accompani$ by a ,capta9 ^: "n does n transpire1 & load$ ) twice ! previ\s weight ( fireworks1 made a p]fectly successful night asc5t & desc5t 9 ! same balloon4 ,x is v %ortly aft] ?is t we f9d ,coxwell s$uc$ into und]tak+ = its own]s ! actual managem5t ( a balloon1 ! prop]ty ( ,gale1 & n[ to be kn[n z ! ,sylph4 ,) ?is craft he practically began 8 c>e] z a pr(essional ballooni/1 & aft] a few prelim9>y asc5ts made 9 ,engl&1 0 told (f to c>ry on engagem5ts 9 ,belgium4 ,a long s]ies ( asc5ts 0 n[ made on ! ,cont95t1 & 9 ! tr\bl$ /ate ( affairs "s /irr+ sc5es 7 visit$1 n )\t "s real adv5ture4 ,"o occasion att5d$ ) imm95t risk occurr$ at ,b]l9 9 #ahea4 ,coxwell relates t a ,prussian lab\r] :om he _h dismiss$ = bad conduct1 & :o almo/ too manife/ly h>b\r$ rev5ge1 nev]!less begg$ h>d = a re-engagem5t1 :i*1 z ! man 0 a h&y fell[1 ,coxwell at l5g? ass5t$ to4 ,he took up ?ree pass5g]s beside himself1 & at an elevation ( "s #c1jjj feet f\nd x necess>y to op5 ! valve1 :51 on pull+ ! cord1 "o ( ! top %utt]s broke & rema9$ op51 leav+ a free ap]ture ( #bf in*es by #ab in*es1 & occasion+ su* a copi\s dis*>ge ( gas t no?+ %ort ( a provid5tial l&+ c\ld save disa/]4 ,b ! provid5tial l&+ came1 ! p>ty fall+ into ! embrace ( a fruit tree 9 an or*>d4 ,x transpir$ aft]w>ds t ! lab\r] _h be5 se5 to tamp] ) ! valve1 ! connect+ l9es ( :i* he _h p>tially sev]$4 ,return+ to ,engl& 9 #aheb ,coxwell1 ?r\gh ! accid5ts insep>able f 8 pr(ession1 f\nd himself virtually 9 possession ( ! field4 ,gre51 n[ advanc$ 9 ye>s1 0 retir+ f ! public life 9 :i* he _h won s mu* fame & hon\r4 ,gale 0 dead1 kill$ 9 an asc5t at ,bordeaux4 ,only "o aspirant conte/$ ! place ( public a]onaut--"o ,g\l/on1 :o _h be5 ,gale's patron4 ,be=e _m mon?s1 h[ev]1 he too met ) a ballooni/'s dea?1 be+ da%$ aga9/ "s /one walls :5 asc5d+ ne> ,man*e/]4 ,x w n be difficult to =m an e/imate ( h[ entirely ! popul>ity ( ! balloon 0 n[ ree/abli%$ 9 ,engl&1 f ! m]e fact t be=e ! expiration ( ! ye> ,coxwell _h be5 call$ ^u to make ?irty-six voyages4 ,"s ( ^! 7 f ,glasg[1 & "h a c]ta9 co9cid5ce took place :i* is too curi\s to be omitt$4 ,a desc5t effect$ ne> ,milngavie took place 9 ! same field 9 :i* ,sadl]1 tw5ty-n9e ye>s be=e1 _h also desc5d$1 & ! same man :o caught ! rope ( ,mr4 ,sadl]'s balloon p]=m$ ! same s]vice once aga9 = a fre% visitor f ! skies4 ,! foll[+ autumn ,coxwell1 9 fulfill+ "o out ( _m engagem5ts1 f\nd himself 9 a dilemma :i* bore resemblance 9 a slight degree to a f> m s]i\s pr$icam5t 9 :i* ! writ] became involv$1 & :i* mu/ be told 9 due place4 ,! prep>ations = ! asc5t1 :i* 0 f ! ,mile ,end ,road1 _h be5 hurri$1 & aft] f9ally gett+ away at a late h\r 9 ! ev5+1 x 0 f\nd t ! valve l9e _h got caught 9 a fold ( ! silk1 & c\ld n be op]at$4 ,9 consequ5ce1 ! balloon 01 ( necessity1 left to take its own *ance ?r\gh ! night1 &1 aft] ris+ to a consid]able height1 x sl[ly lo/ buoyancy dur+ ! *illy h\rs1 &1 gradually settl+1 came to e>? ne> ,bas+/oke1 :]e ! voyag]1 fail+ to get help or %elt]1 made 8 b$ )9 8 own c>1 ly+ 9 an op5 field1 z o!r a]onauts h _h to d 9 l circum/ances4 ,coxwell tells ( a /rik+ ph5om5on se5 dur+ t voyage4 ,a spl5did meteor 0 bel[ ! c>1 & app>5tly ab\t #fjj feet di/ant4 ,x 0 blue & yell[1 mov+ rapidly 9 a ,n4,e4 direction1 & became ext+ui%$ )\t noise or sp>ks4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,! ,,balloon ,,9 ,,! ,,s]vice ,,( ,,sci5ce4 ,at ?is po9t we mu/1 = a brief :ile1 drop ! hi/ory ( ! fam\s a]onaut ^: e>ly c>e] we h be5 briefly sket*+ 9 ! la/ *apt]1 & turn our att5tion to a new feature ( ,engli% balloon+4 ,we h1 at la/1 to record "s g5u9ely sci5tific asc5ts1 :i* our c\ntry n[1 all too t>dily1 in/itut$4 ,x 0 ! ,briti% ,association t took ! initiative1 & ! two m5 !y *ose = _! purpose 7 bo? exceptionally qualifi$ = ! task !y _h 9 h&4 ,! practical ballooni/ 0 none o!r ?an ! vet]an ,*>les ,gre51 n[ 9 8 sixty-sev5? ye>1 b de/9$ yet to enjoy ne>ly tw5ty ye>s m ( life4 ,! sci5tific exp]t 0 ,mr4 ,john ,wel%1 well fitt$ = ! project$ "w by long tra9+ at ,kew ,obs]vatory4 ,! balloon :i* !y us$ is itself wor?y ( m5tion1 be+ ! great ,nassau ,balloon ( old5 fame4 ,wel% 0 quick to realise m cle>ly ?an any =m] exp]im5tali/ t on acc\nt ( ! abs5ce ( breeze 9 a free balloon1 z also on acc\nt ( great sol> radiation1 ! indications ( !rmomet]s w\ld1 )\t special precautions1 be falsifi$4 ,he !re=e inv5t$ a =m ( aspirat+ !rmomet]1 ! e>lie/ to be met )1 & f> 9 advance ( any t 7 subsequ5tly us$ by o!r sci5ti/s4 ,x consi/$ ( a poli%$ tube1 9 :i* !rmomet]s 7 enclos$1 & ?r\gh :i* a /ream ( air 0 =c$ by bell[s4 ,! difficulty ( obta9+ really accurate read+s :]e !rmomet]s are be+ quickly transport$ ?r\gh v>y+ temp]atures is g5]ally n duly appreciat$4 ,9 ! case ( in/rum5ts c>ri$ m a balloon x %\ld be rememb]$ t ! balloon itself conveys1 cl++ ab\t x1 no inconsid]able quantity ( air1 br\ght f o!r levels1 :ile ! temp]ature ( its own mass w be liable to affect any !rmomet] 9 close neighb\rhood4 ,moreov]1 any ord9>y =m ( !rmomet] is necess>ily sluggi% 9 action1 z may be readily notic$4 ,if1 = example1 "o be c>ri$ f a w>m room to a cold passage1 or vice v]sa x w be se5 t ! column moves v delib]ately1 & q a long int]val w elapse be=e x rea*es its f9al position1 ! cause be+ t ! entire in/rum5t1 ) any /& or m\nt+ t x may h1 w h to adapt itself to ! *ange ( temp]ature be=e a true record w be obta9$4 ,?is difficulty applies unavoidably to all !rmomet]s 9 "s degree1 & ! skill ( in/rum5t mak]s has be5 tax$ to r$uce ! errors to a m9imum4 ,x is necess>y1 9 any case1 t a con/ant /ream ( surr\nd+ air %\ld play ^u ! in/rum5t1 & ?\gh ?is is mo/ readily effect$ :5 in/rum5ts are c>ri$ al(t by kites1 yet ev5 ?us x is ?\ght t an int]val ( "s m9utes has to elapse be=e any =m ( !rmomet] w fai?fully record any def9ite *ange ( temp]ature4 ,x is on ?is acc\nt t "s all[ance mu/ be made = obs]vations :i* w1 9 due place1 be record$ ( sci5tific explor]s2 ! po9t to be borne 9 m9d be+ t1 z 0 m5tion$ 9 a =m] *apt]1 su* obs]vations w h to be reg>d$ z giv+ read+s :i* are some:at too high 9 asc5ts & too l[ 9 desc5ts4 ,two =ms ( !rmomet]s at extremely simple con/ruction1 yet possess$ ( great s5sibility1 w be discuss$ 9 lat] *apt]s4 ,! !rmomet]s t ,wel% us$ 7 und\bt$ly f> sup]ior to any t 7 devis$ be=e 8 "t & x is mu* to be regrett$ t !y 7 all[$ to fall into disuse4 ,p]haps ! mo/ important /ricture on ! obs]vations t w h to be record$ is t ! obs]v]s 7 n provid$ ) a base /ation1 on :i* acc\nt ! value ( results 0 impair$4 ,x 0 n realis$ t x 0 necess>y to make obs]vations on ! gr\nd to comp>e ) ^? t 7 be+ made at high altitudes4 ,wel% made1 9 all1 f\r asc5ts 9 ! summ] & autumn ( #aheb & 9 8 report he is c>eful to give ! highe/ praise to 8 colleague1 ,gre51 ^: control ov] 8 balloon he describes z s complete t none :o accompani$ him c be o!rwise ?an reliev$ f all appreh5sion1 & free to devote att5tion calmly to ! "w be=e him4 ,! fir/ asc5t 0 made at #c4di p4m4 on ,augu/ ! #ag?1 "u a s\? w9d & ) cl\ds cov]+ "s ?ree-qu>t]s ( ! sky4 ,wel%'s fir/ rem>k significant1 & w be appreciat$ by anyone :o has attempt$ obs]vational "w 9 a balloon4 ,he /ates naively t a %ort "t 0 lo/ at fir/ 9 an attempt to put ! in/rum5ts into m conv5i5t ord]1 & also f ! novelty ( ! situation4 ,!n he m5tions an obs]vation :i*1 9 ! exp]i5ce ( ! writ]1 is a common "o4 ,! l[e/ cl\ds1 :i* 7 ab\t #b1ejj feet high & n ne> ! balloon1 7 pass$ )\t be+ notic$2 o!r cl\ds 7 pass$ at diff]5t heights2 &1 f9ally1 a few />-%ap$ cry/als ( sn[2 b ! sun %one almo/ con/antly4 ,little v>iation occurr$ 9 ! direction ( travel1 :i* av]ag$ ?irty-eight miles an h\r1 & ! desc5t took place at #e4bj p4m4 at ,swavesey1 ne> ,cambridge4 ,! second asc5t took place at #d4dc p4m4 on ,augu/ #bf?1 "u a g5tle ea/ w9d & a p>tially obscur$ sky4 ,! cl\ds 7 aga9 pass$ )\t be+ p]ceiv$4 ,?is 0 at ! height ( #c1jjj feet1 beyond :i* 0 v cle> sky ( deep blue4 ,! air curr5ts up to ! limits ( #ab1jjj feet set f v>y+ directions4 ,! desc5t occurr$ ne> ,*e%am at #g4de p4m4 ,! ?ird asc5t1 at #b4ce p4m4 on ,octob] ! #ba/ 0 made into a sky cov]$ ) d5se cl\d masses ly+ )9 #c1jjj & #c1gjj feet4 ,! sun 0 !n se5 %9+ ?r\gh cirrus f> up4 ,! %ad[ ( ! balloon 0 also se5 on ! cl\d1 fr+$ ) a glory1 & ab\t ?is "t !re 0 se5 /ret*+ = a consid]able l5g? 9 a s]p5t9e c\rse1 ov] ! surface ( ! cl\d1 a well-def9$ belt1 hav+ ! appe>ance ( a broad road4 ,be+ n[ at #ab1jjj feet1 ,gre5 ?\ght x prud5t to reconnoitre 8 position1 &1 f9d+ !y 7 ne> ! sea1 desc5d$ at #d4bj p4m4 at ,rayleigh1 9 ,essex4 ,"s important notes on ! pol>isation ( ! cl\ds 7 made4 ,! f\r? & f9al voyage 0 made 9 a fa/ w9d av]ag+ fifty knots f ! nor?-ea/4 ,?9 scud 0 met at #a1ijj feet1 & an upp] /ratum at #d1ejj feet1 beyond :i* 0 bright sun4 ,! ma9 %ift ( w9d took place j z ! upp] surface ( ! fir/ /ratum 0 rea*$4 ,9 ?is asc5t ,wel% rea*$ 8 greate/ elevation1 #bb1icj feet1 :5 bo? ,gre5 & himself exp]i5c$ consid]able difficulty 9 respiration & mu* fatigue4 ,! sea be+ n[ p]ceiv$ rapidly approa*+1 a ha/y desc5t 0 made1 & _m ( ! in/rum5ts 7 brok54 ,9 summ>is+ 8 results ,wel% /ates t ! temp]ature ( ! air decreases uni=mly ) height above ! e>?'s surface until at a c]ta9 elevation1 v>y+ on diff]5t days1 decrease is arre/$1 & = ! space ( #b1jjj or #c1jjj feet ! temp]ature rema9s ne>ly con/ant1 or ev5 increases1 ! regul> dim9ution be+ aga9 resum$ & g5]ally ma9ta9$ at a rate slightly less rapid ?an 9 ! l[] "p ( ! atmosph]e1 & comm5c+ f a high] temp]ature ?an w\ld h exi/$ b = ! int]ruption notic$4 ,! analysis ( ! upp] air %[$ ! proportion ( oxyg5 & nitrog5 to v>y sc>cely m ?an at diff]5t spots on ! e>?4 ,z x is necess>y at ?is po9t to take leave ( ! vet]an ,gre5 z a practical a]onaut1 we may "h ref] to "o or two notewor?y facts & incid5ts relat+ to 8 ev5tful c>e]4 ,9 #ahej ,m4 ,poitev9 is said to h attract$ #adj1jjj p to ,p>is to look at an exhibition ( himself asc5d+ 9 a balloon seat$ on horseback1 aft] :i* ,madame ,poitev9 asc5d$ f ,cremorne ,g>d5s 9 ! same mann]1 ! exhibition be+ int5d$ z a repres5tation ( ,europa on a ,bull4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 disc\nt5anc$ by ! au?orities & )drawn4 ,! feats 71 9 reality1 m]ely ! repetitions ( "o t _h be5 conceiv$ & extremely well c>ri$ out by ,gre5 _m ye>s be=e--z long ago1 9 fact1 z #ahbh1 :5 he arrang$ to make an asc5t f ! ,eagle ,tav]n1 ,city ,road1 seat$ on a pony4 ,to c>ry out 8 int5tion1 he disc>d$ ! ord9>y c>1 replac+ x ) a small plat=m1 :i* 0 provid$ ) places to receive ! pony's feet2 :ile /raps atta*$ to ! hoop 7 pass$ "u ! animal's body1 prev5t+ x f ly+ d[n or f mak+ any viol5t movem5t4 ,?is ! creature seem$ 9 no way dispos$ to attempt1 & :5 all _h be5 successfully c>ri$ out & an easy desc5t effect$ at ,beck5ham1 ! pony 0 discov]$ eat+ a meal ( beans ) :i* x _h be5 suppli$4 ,sev]al int]e/+ obs]vations h be5 record$ by ,gre5 on diff]5t occasions1 "s ( :i* are highly in/ructive f a practical or sci5tific po9t ( view4 ,on an asc5t f ,vauxhall1 9 :i* he 0 accompani$ by 8 fri5d ,sp5c] & ,mr4 ,ru%1 he record$ h[1 z he con/antly & some:at rapidly rose1 ! w9d *ang$ its direction f ,n4,w4 ?r\gh ,n4 to ,n4,e41 :ile he rema9$ ov] ! metropolis1 ! balloon all ! :ile rotat+ on its axis4 ,?is cont9ual sw++ or revolv+ ( ! balloon ,gre5 consid]s an accompanim5t ( ei!r a rapid asc5t or desc5t1 b x may be que/ion$ :e!r x is n m]ely a consequ5ce ( *ang+ curr5ts1 or1 sometimes1 ( an initial sp9 giv5 inadv]t5tly to ! balloon at ! mom5t ( its be+ lib]at$4 ,! ph5om5on ( m>k$ *ange :i* he describes 9 ! upp] curr5ts is highly int]e/+1 & tallies ) :at ! writ] has frequ5tly exp]i5c$ ov] ,london prop]4 ,su* high] curr5ts may be due to natural environm5t1 & to conditions necess>ily prevail+ ov] s va/ & v>i$ a city1 & !y may be able to play an all-important "p 9 ! disp]sal ( ,london smoke or fog4 ,?is po9t w be t\*$ on lat]4 ,9 ?is p>ticul> voyage ,gre5 records t z he 0 ris+ at ! mom5t :5 8 b>omet] rea*$ #ai in*es1 ! !rmomet] he c>ri$ regi/]$ #df degrees1 :ile on com+ d[n1 :5 ! b>omet] aga9 m>k$ #ai in*es1 ! same !rmomet] record$ only #bb degrees4 ,x w n fail to be recognis$ t !re is d\btless "h an example ( ! errors allud$ to above1 insep>able f read+s tak5 9 asc5t & desc5t4 ,a calculation made by ,gre5 9 8 e>li] ye>s has a c]ta9 value4 ,by ! "t he _h accompli%$ #bjj asc5ts he 0 at pa9s to compute t he _h travell$ across c\ntry "s #f1jjj miles1 :i* _h be5 trav]s$ 9 #bdj h\rs4 ,f ?is x w\ld foll[ t ! mean rate ( travel 9 a]ial voyages w be ab\t tw5ty-five miles p] h\r4 ,t[>ds ! end ( 8 c>e] we f9d x /at$ by ,lieut5ant ,g4 ,grov]1 ,r4,e41 t ! ,messrs4 ,gre51 ,fa!r & ,son1 h made betwe5 !m "s #icj asc5ts1 9 none ( :i* h !y met ) any mat]ial accid5t or failure4 ,?is is wond]ful te/imony1 inde$1 & we may "h add ! fact t ! fa!r took up 8 own fa!r1 !n at ! age ( eighty-?ree1 9 a balloon asc5t ( #ahde1 )\t any s]i\s consequ5ces4 ,b x is "t t "s acc\nt %\ld be giv5 ( a p>ticul> occasion :i* at lea/ provid$ ! fam\s a]onaut ) an adv5ture spic$ ) no small am\nt ( risk4 ,x 0 on ! #e? ( ,july1 #ahej1 t ,gre5 asc5d$1 ) ,ru% z 8 companion1 f ,vauxhall1 at ! some:at late h\r ( #g4ej p4m41 us+1 z always1 ! great ,nassau balloon4 ,! rate ( rise mu/ h be5 v consid]able1 & !y pres5tly record an altitude ( no less ?an #bj1jjj feet1 & a temp]ature ( #ab degrees bel[ freez+4 ,!y 7 n[ above ! cl\ds1 :]e all view ( e>? 0 lo/1 &1 n v5tur+ to rema9 long 9 ?is situation1 !y comm5c$ a rapid desc5t1 & on em]g+ bel[ f\nd !mselves sail+ d[n ,sea ,rea* 9 ! direction ( ,nore ,s&s1 :5 !y obs]v$ a vessel4 ,_! *ance ( mak+ l& 01 to say ! lea/1 unc]ta91 & ,gre51 consid]+ t 8 safety lay 9 bespeak+ ! vessel's assi/ance1 op5$ ! valve & br\ght ! c> d[n 9 ! wat] "s two miles nor? ( ,%e]ness1 ! h\r be+ #h4de1 & only fifty-five m9utes s9ce ! />t4 ,! w9d 0 bl[+ /iffly1 &1 cat*+ ! holl[ ( ! half-inflat$ balloon1 c>ri$ ! voyag]s rapidly d[n ! riv]1 too fa/1 inde$1 to all[ ( ! vessel's ov]tak+ !m4 ,?is be+ soon app>5t1 ,gre5 ca/ out 8 an*or1 & n )\t result1 = x %ortly became entangl$ 9 a sunk5 wreck1 & ! balloon 0 promptly br\ght up1 ?\gh /ruggl+ & toss+ 9 ! brok5 wat]4 ,a neighb\r+ b>ge at once put (f a boat to ! rescue1 & o!r boats 7 despat*$ by ,h4,m4 cutt] ,fly1 "u ,comm&] ,gurl+4 ,gre5 & ,ru% 7 spe$ily rescu$1 b ! balloon itself 0 too re/ive & dang]\s an object to approa* ) safety4 ,at ,gre5's sugge/ion1 !re=e1 a volley ( musketry 0 fir$ into ! silk' aft] :i* x became possible to pass a rope ar\nd x & expel ! gas4 ,gre5 subsequ5tly relates h[ x took a =tnight to re/ore ! damage1 consi/+ ( sixty-two bullet r5ts & n9ete5 torn gores4 ,gre5's "n w always be fam\s1 if only = ! fact t x 0 he :o fir/ adopt$ ! use ( coal gas 9 8 call+4 ,?is1 x w be rememb]$1 0 9 #ahba1 & x %\ld be borne 9 m9d t at t "t h\sehold gas _h only rec5tly be5 introduc$4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 x fir/ light$ ,pall ,mall 9 #ahje1 & x 0 n us$ = ! g5]al light+ ( ,london till #ahad4 ,we are n surpris$ to f9d t ! great a]onaut at "o "t turn$ 8 att5tion to ! con/ruction ( models1 & ?is ) no inconsid]able success4 ,a model ( 8 0 exhibit$ 9 #ahdj at ! ,polyte*nic ,in/itution1 & is describ$ 9 ! ,times z consi/+ ( a m9iature balloon ( ?ree feet diamet]1 inflat$ ) coal gas4 ,x 0 act$ on by fans1 :i* 7 op]at$ by me*anism plac$ 9 ! c>4 ,a s]ies ( ?ree exp]im5ts 0 exhibit$4 ,fir/1 ! balloon be+ weight$ s z to rema9 pois$ 9 ! /ill air ( ! build+1 ! me*anism 0 />t$1 & ! ma*9e rose /eadily to ! ceil+4 ,! fans 7 !n rev]s$1 :5 ! model1 equally gracefully1 desc5d$ to ! floor4 ,la/ly1 ! balloon1 ) a weight$ trail rope1 be+ once m balanc$ 9 mid-air1 ! fans 7 appli$ lat]ally1 :5 ! ma*9e w\ld take a horizontal flight1 pull+ ! trail rope aft] x1 ) an atta*$ weight dragg+ along ! floor until ! me*anism _h run d[n1 :5 x aga9 rema9$ /ation>y4 ,! correspond5t ( ! ,times cont9ues1 ,mr4 ,gre5 /ates t by ^! simple means a voyage across ! ,atlantic may be p]=m$ 9 ?ree or f\r days1 z easily z f ,vauxhall ,g>d5s to ,nassau4 ,we c h>dly attribute ?is /atem5t s]i\sly to "o :o knew z well z did ,gre5 h[ fickle are ! w9ds1 & h[ utt]ly diff]5t are ! conditions betwe5 ! /ill air ( a room & ^? ( ! op5 sky4 ,8 insight into ! difficulties ( ! problem _c h be5 less ?an t ( 8 successor1 ,coxwell1 :o1 z ! result ( 8 own equally wide exp]i5ce1 /ates positively1 ,i c\ld nev] imag9e a motive p[] ( suffici5t =ce to direct & guide a balloon1 mu* less to enable a man or a ma*9e to fly4 ,ev5 :5 mod]n inv5tion _h produc$ a motive p[] undream$ ( 9 ! days we are n[ consid]+1 ,coxwell decl>es 8 conviction t inh]5t difficulties w\ld n be ov]come unless ! air %\ld inv>iably rema9 9 a calm /ate4 ,x w\ld be t$i\s & sc>cely in/ructive to inquire into ! v>i\s =ms ( fly+ ma*9es t 7 elaborat$ at ?is p]iod2 b "o t 0 design$ 9 ,am]ica by ,mr4 ,h5son1 & ) :i* x 0 s]i\sly contemplat$ to attempt to cross ! ,atlantic1 may be briefly describ$4 ,9 !ory x 0 suppos$ to be capable ( be+ su/a9$ 9 ! air by virtue ( ! spe$ me*anically imp>t$ to x1 & ( ! angle at :i* its advanc+ "u surface w\ld meet ! air4 ,! inv5tor claim$ to h produc$ a /eam eng9e ( extreme lightness z well z effici5cy1 & = ! re/ 8 ma*9e consi/$ ( a huge a]o-plane propell$ by fans ) oblique vanes1 :ile a tail some:at resembl+ t ( a bird 0 add$1 z also a rudd]1 ! functions ( :i* 7 to direct ! craft v]tically & horizontally respectively4 ,be x "h record$ t ! ma*9e did n cross ! ,atlantic4 ,"o ^w z to ! in/rum5ts us$ up to ?is "t = det]m9+ altitudes4 ,^! 71 9 g5]al1 ord9>y m]curial b>omet]s1 protect$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,gre5 encas$ 8 in/rum5t 9 a simple metal tube1 :i* admitt$ ( ! column ( m]cury be+ easily read4 ,?is in/rum5t1 :i* is g5]ally to be se5 held 9 8 h& 9 ,gre5's old portraits1 might be mi/ak5 = a m>9]'s telescope4 ,x is n[ 9 ! possession ( ! family ( ,sp5c]s1 ! gr&*ildr5 ( 8 old a]onautical fri5d & colleague1 & x is /at$ t ) all 8 c>e ! glass 0 n infrequ5tly brok5 9 a desc5t4 ,wise1 ) *>act]i/ic +5uity1 devis$ a r\gh-&-ready height in/rum5t1 :i* he claims to h answ]$ well4 ,x consi/$ simply ( a common port] bottle1 to ! neck ( :i* 0 jo9$ a bladd] ( ! same capacity4 ,! bottle be+ fill$ ) air ( ! d5sity ( t on ! gr\nd1 & ! bladd] ti$ on 9 a collaps$ /ate1 ! expansion ( ! air 9 ! bottle w\ld gradually fill ! bladd] z x rose into ! r>] regions ( ! atmosph]e4 ,exp]i5ce w\ld !n be tru/$ to enable ! a]onaut to judge 8 height f ! am\nt ( inflation noticeable 9 ! bladd]4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,h5ry ,,coxwell ,,& ,,8 ,,contempor>ies4 ,m5tion %\ld be made 9 ^! pages ( a night sail ( a hundr$ miles1 boldly c>ri$ out 9 #ahdi by ,m4 ,arban1 :i* took ! voyag] f ,m>seilles to ,tur9 fairly ov] ! ,alps4 ,! ma9 summit 0 rea*$ at #aa p4m41 :5 ! sn[1 cascades1 & riv]s 7 all sp>kl+ "u ! moon1 & ! rav9es & rocks produc$ masses ( d>kness :i* s]v$ z %ad[s to ! gigantic picture4 ,arban 0 at "o "t on a level ) ! highe/ po9t ( ,mont ,blanc1 ! top ( :i*1 /&+ out well above ! cl\ds1 resembl$ an imm5se block ( cry/al sp>kl+ ) a ?\s& fires4 ,9 ,london1 9 ! ye> ( ! ,great ,exhibition1 & :ile ! build+ 0 /ill /&+ 9 ,hyde ,p>k1 !re occurr$ a balloon incid5t small 9 itself1 b suffici5t to cause mu* s5sation at ! cr[d$ spot :]e x took place4 ,! asc5t 0 made f ! ,hippodrome by ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,graham 9 v boi/]\s wea!r1 &1 on be+ lib]at$1 ! balloon seems to h f\l$ a ma/1 suff]+ a consid]able r5t4 ,aft] ?is ! a]onauts succe$$ 9 cle>+ ! trees 9 ,k5s+ton ,g>d5s1 & 9 desc5d+ fairly 9 ! ,p>k1 b1 /ill at ! m]cy ( ! w9ds1 !y 7 c>ri$ on to ! ro( ( a h\se 9 ,arl+ton ,/reet1 & !nce on to ano!r 9 ,p>k ,place1 :]e1 becom+ lodg$ aga9/ a /ack ( *imneys1 !y 7 ev5tually rescu$ by ! police )\t any mat]ial damage hav+ be5 done4 ,b ?is same summ] saw ! return to ,engl& ( ,h5ry ,coxwell1 & = "s ye>s ! /ory ( ! conque/ ( ! air is be/ told by foll[+ 8 /irr+ c>e]1 & 8 own comm5ts on a]onautical ev5ts ( ?is date4 ,we f9d him %ortly sett+ ab\t c>ry+ out "s reconnoitr+ & signall+ exp]im5ts1 design$ to be ( use 9 "t ( w>4 ,?is 0 an old idea ( 81 & "o :i* _h1 ( c\rse1 be5 long ent]ta9$ by o!rs1 hav+1 inde$1 be5 put to "s practical te/ 9 "t ( w>f>e4 ,x w be well to make note ( :at att5tion ! matt] _h already receiv$1 & ( :at progress _h be5 made bo? 9 !ory & practice4 ,we h already made "s m5tion 9 ,*apt] ,,iv4 ( ! use :i* ! ,fr5* _h made ( balloons 9 _! milit>y op]ations at ! end ( ! eighte5? & beg9n+ ( n9ete5? ! c5tury4 ,x 01 inde$1 )9 ! fir/ t5 ye>s aft] ! fir/ inv5tion ( ! balloon t1 "u ! sup]9t5d5ce ( ! savants ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 a practical s*ool ( a]onautics 0 e/abli%$ at ,meudon4 ,! names ( ,guyton1 ,de ,morveau 7a di/+ui%$ ,fr5* *emi/71 & ,colonel ,c\telle are *iefly associat$ ) ! movem5t1 & "u !m "s fifty /ud5ts receiv$ necess>y tra9+4 ,! practis+ balloon _h a capacity ( #ag1jjj cubic feet1 & 0 inflat$ ) pure hydrog51 made by :at 0 !n a new process z appli$ to balloon+1 & :i* w be describ$ 9 a future *apt]4 ,x appe>s t ! balloon 0 kept always full1 s t any opportunity ( calm wea!r w\ld be tak5 advantage ( = practice4 ,& x is fur!r /at$ t a balloon 0 con/ruct$ s s\nd & imp]vi\s t aft] ! lapse ( two mon?s x 0 /ill capable1 )\t be+ repl5i%$1 ( rais+ into ! air two m51 ) necess>y balla/ & equipm5t4 ,! practical trial = ! balloon 9 real s]vice came (f 9 ,june1 #agid1 :5 ,c\telle 9 p]son1 accompani$ by two /aff (fic]s1 9 "o ( ! f\r balloons :i* ! ,fr5* ,army _h provid$1 made an asc5t to reconnoitre ! ,au/rian =ces at ,fleurus4 ,!y asc5d$ twice 9 "o day1 rema9+ al(t = "s f\r h\rs1 &1 on _! second asc5t be+ sight$1 drew a brisk fire f ! enemy4 ,!y 7 unh>m$1 h[ev]1 & ! successful t]m9ation ( ! battle ( ,fleurus has be5 claim$ z due 9 l>ge measure to ! s]vice r5d]$ by t balloon4 ,! extraord9>y fact t ! use ( ! balloon 0 = _m ye>s discont9u$ 9 ! ,fr5* ,army is attribut$ to a /rangely sup]/iti\s prejudice ent]ta9$ by ,napoleon4 ,las ,cases 79 8 ,private ,life ( ,napoleon at ,/4 ,hel5a 7 relates an almo/ miracul\s /ory ( ,napoleon's coronation4 ,x appe>s t a sum ( #bc1ejj francs 0 giv5 to ,m4 ,g>n]9 to provide a balloon asc5t to aid 9 ! celebrations1 &1 9 consequ5ce1 a colossal ma*9e 0 made to asc5d at #aa p4m4 on ,decemb] #af? f ! front ( ,notre ,dame1 c>ry+ #c1jjj lights4 ,?is balloon 0 unmann$1 & at its dep>ture app>5tly behav$ extremely well1 caus+ univ]sal delight4 ,dur+ ! h\rs ( d>kness1 h[ev]1 x seems to h acquitt$ itself 9 a /range & well-nigh pret]natural mann]1 = at daybreak x is sight$ on ! horizon by ! inhabitants ( ,rome1 & se5 to be com+ t[>ds _! city4 ,s true 0 its c\rse t1 z ?\gh ) pr$et]m9$ purpose1 x sails on till x is positively ov] ,/4 ,pet]'s & ! ,vatican1 :51 its mission be+ app>5tly fulfill$1 x settles to e>?1 & f9ally ends its c>e] 9 ! ,lake ,bracciano4 ,reg>d$ f :atev] po9t ( view1 ! flight 0 c]ta9ly extraord9>y1 & x is n surpris+ t 9 t age x 0 reg>d$ z no?+ less ?an a port5t4 ,moreov]1 little details ( ! wond]ful /ory 7 quickly end[$ ) grave significance4 ,! balloon on rea*+ ! gr\nd r5t itself4 ,next1 ere x plung$ into ! wat]1 x c>efully deposit$ a portion ( its cr[n on ! tomb ( ,n]o4 ,napoleon1 on le>n+ ! facts1 =bade t !y %\ld ev] be ref]r$ to4 ,fur!r1 he !nce=w>d disc\nt5anc$ ! balloon 9 8 army1 & ! e/abli%m5t at ,meudon 0 ab&on$4 ,!re is record ( an attempt ( "s sort t 0 made to revive ! ,fr5* milit>y balloon+ s*ool 9 ! ,african campaign ( #ahcj1 b x 0 b>r5 ( results4 ,aga91 x has be5 /at$ t ! ,au/rians us$ balloons = reconnaissance1 be=e ,v5ice 9 #ahdi1 & yet aga9 ! same ?+ is relat$ ( ! ,russians at ! "t ( ! siege ( ,seba/opol1 ?\gh ,k+lake does n m5tion ! circum/ance4 ,9 #ahdf ,wise drew up & laid be=e ! ,am]ican ,w> ,(fice an elaborate s*eme = ! r$uction ( ,v]a ,cruz4 ,?is w be discuss$ 9 its due place1 ?\gh x w be d\btless consid]$ z *im]ical4 ,on ! o!r h&1 em95tly practical 7 ! exp]im5ts co-ord9at$ & begun to be put to an actual te/ by ,mr4 ,coxwell1 :o1 be=e he c\ld duly impress 8 project ^u ! milit>y au?orities1 _h to make prelim9>y trials 9 private v5tures4 ,! e>lie/ ( ^! 0 at ! ,surrey ,zoological ,g>d5s 9 ! autumn ( #ahed1 & x w be grant$ t mu* +5uity & orig9ality 7 display$ :5 x is consid]$ t at t date nei!r wireless telegraphy1 electric fla%light1 nor ev5 ,morse ,code signall+ 0 9 vogue4 ,accord+ to 8 ann\ncem5t1 ! spectators 7 to reg>d 8 balloon1 captive or free1 z float+ at a c]ta9 altitude ov] a beleagu]$ =tress1 ! au?orities 9 communication ) x hav+ ! key ( ! signals & seek+ to obta9 ?r\gh ^! means in=mation z to ! approa* ( an enemy4 ,x 0 to be suppos$ t1 by ! aid ( glasses1 a va/ di/ance ar\nd c\ld be subject$ to c>eful scrut9y1 & a con/ant communication kept up ) ! au?orities 9 ! =tress4 ,fur!r1 ! flags or o!r signals 7 suppos$ preconc]t$ & unkn[n to ! enemy1 be+ =m$ by v>iations ( %ape & col\r4 ,pigeons 7 also despat*$ f a consid]able height to te/ _! effici5cy "u novel conditions4 ,! public press comm5t$ fav\rably on ! p]=mance & result ( ?is initial exp]im5t4 ,mr4 ,coxwell's acc\nt ( an occasion :5 he _h to try conclusions ) a v boi/]\s w9d1 & ( ! way 9 :i* he negotiat$ a v try+ & dang]\s l&+1 w be f\nd alike int]e/+ & in/ructive4 ,x 0 an asc5t f ! ,cry/al ,palace1 & ! morn+ 0 fair & ( bright promise outw>dly2 b ,coxwell confesses to h disreg>d$ a fall+ glass4 ,! inflation hav+ be5 progress+ satisfactorily1 he retir$ to p>take ( lun*eon1 entirely free f appreh5sions2 b :ile ?us occupi$1 he 0 pres5tly s\ght out & summon$ by a g>d5]1 :o told him t 8 balloon _h torn away1 & 0 n[ completely out ( control1 dragg+ 8 m5 ab\t ! bu%es4 ,on rea*+ ! sc5e1 ! m51 9 great /r5g?1 7 ab\t to attempt a m /r5u\s ef=t to drag ! balloon back aga9/ ! w9d1 :i* ,coxwell promptly =bade1 w>n+ !m t s !y w\ld te> all to pieces4 ,he !n comm5c$1 z x 71 to take 9 a reef1 by ga!r+ 9 ! slack ( ! silk1 :i* *iefly 0 cat*+ ! w9d1 & by draw+ 9 ! net1 me% by me%1 until ! m inflat$ portion ( ! balloon 0 left snug & (f]+ b little resi/ance to ! gale1 :5 he got h] dragg$ 9 a direction slant+ to ! w9d & "u ! lee ( trees4 ,ev5tually a haz>d\s & difficult dep>ture 0 effect$1 ,mr4 ,*&l]1 a pass5g] already book$1 insi/+ on accompany+ ! a]onaut1 9 spite ( ! latt]'s /ronge/ prote/ations4 ,& _! fir/ p]il came quickly1 9 a ne> %ave ( f\l+ ! balcony ( ! ,nor? ,t[]1 :i* !y avoid$ only by a prompt dis*>ge ( s&1 ! cr[d *e]+ l\dly z !y saw h[ ! crisis 0 avoid$4 ,! c>1 adds ,mr4 ,coxwell 9 8 memoirs1 0 app>5tly trail+ beh9d ! balloon ) a p5dul\s sw+1 :i* is n (t5 ! case444 ,9 less ?an two m9utes we ent]$ ! l[] cl\ds1 pass+ ?r\gh !m quickly1 & notic+ t _! tops1 :i* are usually ( :ite1 r\nd$ con=mation1 7 torn into %r$s & cre/s ( vap\r4 ,above1 !re 0 a second wild-look+ /ratum ( ano!r ord]4 ,we c\ld he>1 z we ha/5$ on1 ! hum ( ! ,we/ ,end ( ,london2 b we 7 b[l+ along1 hav+ little "t to look ab\t u1 ?\gh "s extra s&bags 7 turn$ to good acc\nt by mak+ a b$ ( !m at ! bottom ends ( ! c>1 :i* we occupi$ 9 anticipation ( a r\gh l&+4 ,z x came on to ra9 h>d ! voyag]s agre$ to desc5d1 & ,coxwell1 *oos+ op5 gr\nd1 succe$$ 9 ! (t-attempt$ endeav\r to drop 8 grapnel 9 front ( a bank or h$ge-r[4 ,! balloon pull$ up ) su* a %ock z inevitably foll[s :5 fly+ at sixty miles an h\r1 & ,mr4 ,coxwell cont9ues3--,we 7 at ?is "t susp5d$ l a kite1 & x 0 n s mu* ! quantity ( gas :i* kept u up z ! holl[ surface ( loose silk1 :i* act$ l a fall+ kite1 & ! obvi\s game ( skill consi/$ 9 n lett+ out too mu* gas to make ! balloon pit* heavily ) a ?ud t w\ld h be5 awfully unpleasant2 b to jockey our f9al t\* 9 a gradual mann]1 & yet to d x z quickly z possible = fe> ( ! ma*9e gett+ adrift1 s9ce1 "u ! peculi> circum/ances 9 :i* we 7 plac$1 x w\ld h inevitably fall5 ) a cru%+ bl[1 :i* might h prov$ fatal4 ,i nev] rememb] to h be5 9 a situation :5 m coolness & nicety 7 requir$ to ov]come ! p]il :i* "h beset u2 :ile on t day ! /rong w9d 01 /range z x may s\nd1 help+ u to alight easily1 t is to say z long z ! grapnel held fa/ & ! balloon did n turn ov] l an un/eady kite4 ,su* p]il z !re 0 soon t]m9at$ )\t injury to ei!r voyag]4 ,! same rem>k w apply to an occasion :5 ,coxwell 0 caught 9 a ?und]/orm1 :i* he ?us describes 9 brief3--,on a second asc5t f ,*e/]field we 7 c>ri$ into ! mid/ ( ga!r+ cl\ds1 :i* began to fla% vividly1 & 9 ! end culm9at$ 9 a /orm4 ,!re 7 indications1 be=e we left ! e>?1 z to :at might be expect$4 ,! l[] breeze took u 9 ano!r direction z we rose1 b a g5tle1 :irl+ curr5t high] up got u into ! vortex ( a highly *>g$ cl\d4444 ,we _h to prove by absolute exp]i5ce :e!r ! balloon 0 insulat$ & a non-conductor4 ,beyond a dr5*+1 no unt[>d incid5t occurr$ dur+ a voyage la/+ 9 all ?ree-qu>t]s ( an h\r4 ,a voyage :i* ,coxwell 7ref]r+1 d\btless1 to a]ial travel ov] ,engli% soil only7 describes z be+ s v mu* 9 excess ( accu/om>y trips 9 balloons w be se5 to fall %ort ( "o memorable voyage ( :i* ! writ] w h to give 8 own exp]i5ces4 ,"s acc\nt1 h[ev]1 ( :at ! fam\s a]onaut has to tell w f9d a fitt+ place "h4 ,x 0 an asc5t on a summ] night f ,nor? ,woolwi*1 & on ?is occasion ,coxwell 0 accompani$ by two fri5ds1 "o be+ ,h5ry ,y\5s1 :o subsequ5tly became a pr(essional ballooni/ ( consid]able repute1 & :o at ?is "t 0 an ard5t amateur4 ,x 0 half an h\r be=e midnight :5 ! p>ty took _! places1 &1 gett+ sm>tly away f ! cr[d 9 ! gala gr\nds1 %ot ov] ! riv]1 & %ortly 7 ov] ! t[n ( ,gre5wi* ) ! lights ( ,london well ahead4 ,!n _! c\rse took !m ov] ,k5n+ton ,oval1 ,vauxhall ,bridge1 & ,batt]sea1 :5 !y pres5tly he>d ! /ra9s ( a ,scot* polka4 ,?is came up f ! !n fam\s ,g>d5s ( ,cremorne1 &1 ! breeze fre%5+1 x 0 b a few m9utes lat] :5 !y /ood ov] ,k+/on1 by :i* "t x became a "q :e!r1 be+ n[ cle> ( ,london1 !y %\ld desc5d or else live out ! night & take :at ?us might come _! way4 ,?is c\rse1 z ! mo/ prud5t1 z well z ! mo/ fasc9at+1 0 t :i* comm5d$ itself1 & at t mom5t ! h\r ( midnight 0 he>d /rik+1 %[+ t a fairly long di/ance _h be5 cov]$ 9 a %ort int]val ( "t4 ,f ?is p]iod !y w\ld seem to h lo/ _! way1 & ?\gh scatt]$ lights 7 sight$ ahead1 !y 7 soon 9 d\bt z to :e!r !y might n already be ne>+ ! sea1 a d\bt t 0 /r5g!n$ by _! he>+ ! cry ( sea-f[l4 ,aft] a pause1 lights 7 se5 loom+ "u ! haze to sea-w>d1 :i* at times resembl$ wat]2 & a tail l t ( a comet 0 disc]n$1 beyond :i* 0 a black pat* ( consid]able size4 ,! pat* 0 ! ,isle ( ,wight1 & ! tail ! ,wat] f ,s\?ampton4 ,!y 7 ?us we>+ m s\? & t[>ds dang]4 ,!y _h no ,davy lamp ) :i* to read _! an]oid1 & c\ld only tell f ! upw>d flight ( fragm5ts ( pap] t !y 7 desc5d+4 ,ano!r defici5cy 9 _! equipm5t 0 ! lack ( a trail rope to break _! fall1 & = "s "t !y 7 "u unpleasant appreh5sion ( an unexpect$ & rude impact ) ! gr\nd1 or collision ) "s undesirable object4 ,?is induc$ !m to dis*>ge s& & to risk ! consequ5ces ( ano!r rise into space1 & z !y m\nt$ !y 7 n reassur$ by sight+ to ! s\? a ridge ( light] col\r1 :i* /rongly sugge/$ ! coa/ l9e4 ,b x 0 midsumm]1 & x 0 n long be=e bird life awak5+ 0 he>d bel[1 & !n a /reak ( dawn reveal$ _! locality1 :i* 0 ov] ! ,exe1 ) ,sidm\? & ,tor ,bay h>d by on _! left4 ,!n f "h1 ! l& jutt+ seaw>ds1 !y confid5tly trav]s$ ,d>tmoor1 & effect$ a safe1 if some:at unseasonable1 desc5t ne> ,tavi/ock4 ,! di/ance travell$ 0 consid]able1 b ! duration1 on ! a]onaut's own %[+1 0 less ?an five h\rs4 ,9 ! ye> #ahei ! ,times comm5t$ on ! usefulness ( milit>y balloons 9 language t fully ju/ifi$ all t ,coxwell _h previ\sly claim$ = !m4 ,a w> correspond5t1 :o _h accompani$ ! ,au/rian ,army dur+ t ye>1 asks p]t95tly h[ x _h happ5$ t ! ,fr5* _h be5 ready at six o'clock to make a comb9$ attack aga9/ ! ,au/rians1 :o1 on _! "p1 _h b j tak5 up positions on ! previ\s ev5+4 ,! correspond5t goes on to supply ! answ] ?us3--,no soon] 0 ! fir/ ,au/rian battalion out ( ,vallegio ?an a balloon 0 obs]v$ to rise 9 ! air f ! vic9ity ( ,monsambano--a signal1 no d\bt1 = ! ,fr5* 9 ,ca/iglione4 ,i h a full conviction t ! ,emp]or ( ! ,fr5* knew ov]night ! exact position ( e ,au/rian corps1 :ile ! ,emp]or ( ,au/ria 0 unable to asc]ta9 ! numb] or di/ribution ( ! =ces ( ! allies4 ,x appe>s t ,m4 ,god>d 0 ! a]onaut employ$ to obs]ve ! enemy1 & t fre% balloons = ! ,fr5* ,army 7 proce$$ )4 ,! date 0 n[ ne> at h& :5 ,coxwell1 9 p>tn]%ip ) ,mr4 ,glai%]1 0 to take "p 9 ! classical "w :i* has r5d]$ _! names fam\s ?r\gh\t ! _w4 ,be=e proce$+ to tell ( t p]iod1 h[ev]1 ,mr4 ,coxwell has done well to record "o a]ial adv5ture1 :i*1 :ile b n>r[ly miss+ ! mo/ s]i\s consequ5ces1 gives a v practical illu/ration ( ! *ances 9 fav\r ( ! a]onaut "u extreme circum/ances4 ,x 0 an asc5t at ,congleton 9 a gale ( w9d1 a & ! company ( two pass5g]s--,messrs4 ,pe>son1 ( ,lawton ,hall--0 press$ ^u him4 ,ev]y?+ =etold a r\gh l&+1 & "s "t aft] ! />t 0 made ! outlook 0 n improv$ by ! fact t ! dread$ c\nty ( ,d]by%ire 0 se5 approa*+2 & x 0 pres5tly app>5t t ! spot on :i* !y _h decid$ to desc5d 0 fac$ by rocks & a =midable gorge4 ,on ?is1 ,coxwell attempt$ to drop 8 grapnel 9 front ( a /one wall1 & s f> ) success2 b ! wall w5t d[n1 z also ano!r & ano!r1 ! wick] c> pass+1 ) its great impetus1 clean ?r\gh ! solid ob/acles1 till at la/ ! balloon slit f top to bottom4 ,v s]i\s injuries to heads & limbs 7 su/a9$1 b no lives 7 lo/1 & ,coxwell himself1 aft] be+ laid up at ,buxton1 got home on crut*es4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,"s ,,notewor?y ,,asc5ts4 ,x 0 ! ye> #ahfb1 & ! sci5tific _w 9 ,engl& det]m9$ once aga9 on attempt+ obs]vational "w 9 connection ) balloons4 ,!re _h be5 a meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,association at ,wolv]hampton1 &1 "u _! auspices1 & ) ! pr(essional s]vices ( ,?omas ,ly?goe1 ,mr4 ,creswick1 ( ,gre5wi* ,obs]vatory1 0 commission$ to make a l(ty sci5tific asc5t ) a ,cremorne balloon4 ,! attempt1 h[ev]1 0 unsatisfactory2 & ! balloon be+ condemn$1 an application 0 made to ,mr4 ,coxwell to provide a suitable craft1 & to und]take its managem5t4 ,! pr9cipals ( ! work+ committee 7 ,colonel ,sykes1 ,m4,p41 ,dr4 ,lee1 & ,mr4 ,james ,glai%]1 ,f4,r4,s41 & a %ort conf]5ce betwe5 ^! g5tlem5 & ! exp]i5c$ a]onaut soon made x cle> t a mammo? balloon f> l>g] ?an any 9 exi/5ce 0 ne$$ = ! "w 9 h&4 ,b "h a fatal ob/acle pres5t$ itself 9 lack ( funds1 = x transpir$ t ! grant vot$ 0 only to be devot$ to trial asc5ts4 ,x 0 !n t ,mr4 ,coxwell1 ) *>act]i/ic ent]prise1 und]took1 at 8 own co/1 to build a suitable balloon1 &1 moreov]1 to h x ready by ,midsumm] ,day4 ,x 0 a bold1 z well z a g5]\s1 (f]2 = x 0 n[ ,m>*1 &1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,coxwell's /atem5t1 if silk 7 employ$1 ! prep>ation & manufacture w\ld occupy six mon?s & co/ n less ?an ,l#b1jjj4 ,! fabric *os5 0 a sort ( ,am]ican clo?1 & by unremitt+ ef=ts ! task 0 p]=m$ to "t1 & ! balloon =w>d$ to ,wolv]hampton1 its dim5sions be+ #ee feet 9 diamet]1 #hj feet 9 height f ! gr\nd1 ) a capacity ( #ic1jjj cubic feet4 ,b ! be/ feature 9 connection ) x 0 ! fact t ,mr4 ,glai%] himself 0 to make ! asc5ts z sci5tific obs]v]4 ,no "t 0 lo/ 9 gett+ to "w1 b twice ov] ! *os5 days 7 unsuitable1 & x 0 n till ,july #ag? t ! two colleagues1 ( :om s mu* is to be told1 got away at #i4cj a4m4 ) _! balloon only two-?irds full1 to all[ ( expansion to take place 9 su* a l(ty asc5t z 0 contemplat$4 ,&1 :5 x is consid]$ t an altitude ( five miles 0 rea*$1 x w be grant$ t ! sci5tific g5tleman :o 0 mak+ 8 maid5 asc5t t day %[$ rem>kable endurance & t5acity ( purpose--! all-important ess5tial = ! on]\s & try+ "w be=e him4 ,at #i4ef ! balloon _h disappe>$ f sight1 climb+ f> into ! sky 9 ! ,e4,n4,e4 ,! /ory ( ! voyage we mu/ leave 9 ,mr4 ,glai%]'s h&s4 ,c]ta9 ev5ts1 h[ev]1 associat$ ) o!r a]onauts1 :i* _h already happ5$1 & :i* %\ld be consid]$ 9 connection ) ! new drama n[ to be introduc$1 may fitt+ly "h meet ) brief m5tion4 ,! tr\ble aris+ f ! coa/+ across c\ntry ( a fall5 & /ill half-inflat$ balloon has already be5 suffici5tly illu/rat$1 & ne$s little fur!r discussion4 ,x is common en\gh to see a balloon1 :5 full & r\nd1 /ruggl+ re/ively "u a mod]ate breeze ) a score ( m51 & dragg+ !m1 & ne> a ton ( s&-bags z well1 ab\t ! />t+ gr\nd4 ,b1 z has already be5 po9t$ out1 ! p[] ( ! w9d on ! globe is va/ly increas$ :5 ! silk becomes slack & =ms a holl[ to hold ! w9d1 l a belly+ sail4 ,v>i\s means to deal ) ?is difficulty h be5 devis$1 "o ( ^! be+ an em]g5cy1 or ripp+ valve1 9 addition to ! ord9>y valve1 consi/+ ( an arrangem5t = te>+ a l>ge op5+ 9 ! upp] "p ( "o ( ! gores1 s t on rea*+ e>? ! balloon may be imm$iately crippl$ & empti$ ( s l>ge a quantity ( gas z to r5d] dragg+ impossible4 ,su* a me?od is n altoge!r )\t drawbacks1 "o ( ^! be+ ! confusion liable to arise f !re be+ m ?an "o valve l9e to reckon )4 ,to obviate ?is1 x has be5 sugge/$ t ! em]g5cy l9e %\ld be ( a di/9ctive col\r4 ,b an exp]im5t ) a safegu>d to some:at ( ?is nature 0 att5d$ ) fatal consequ5ce 9 ! ye> #ahbd4 ,a ,mr4 ,h>ris1 a lieut5ant 9 ! ,briti% ,navy1 asc5d$ f ! ,eagle ,tav]n1 ,city ,road1 ) a balloon fitt$ ) a contrivance ( 8 own inv5tion1 consi/+ ( a l>ge h+$ upp] valve1 hav+ )9 x a small] valve ( ! same description1 ! idea be+ t1 %\ld ! op]ation ( ! small] outlet n suffice = any occasion1 !n ! %utt] ( ! l>g] op5+ might be resort$ to1 to effect a m lib]al dis*>ge ( gas4 ,mr4 ,h>ris took ) him a "y lady1 ,miss ,/ocks by "n1 & app>5tly ! aft]noon--x be+ late ,may--0 fav\rable = an a]ial voyage2 =1 ) full reliance on 8 app>atus1 he left 8 grapnel beh9d1 & 0 cont5t ) su* assi/ance z ! girl might be able to r5d] him4 ,x 0 n long be=e ! balloon 0 f\nd desc5d+1 & ) a rapidity t seem$ some:at to di/urb ! a]onaut2 & :51 aft] a re-asc5t1 effect$ by a dis*>ge ( balla/1 ano!r decid$ d[nw>d t5d5cy ensu$1 ,mr4 ,h>ris cle>ly realis$ t some?+ 0 wrong1 )\t1 h[ev]1 div9+ ! cause4 ,! /ory subsequ5tly told by ! girl 0 to ! effect t :5 ! balloon 0 desc5d+ ! second "t %e 0 spok5 to by h] un=tunate companion 9 an anxi\s mann]4 ,i !n he>d ! balloon g ',clap6 clap6' & ,mr4 ,h>ris said he 0 afraid x 0 bur/+1 at :i* ,i fa9t$1 & knew no m until ,i f\nd myself 9 b$4 ,a gamekeep] tells ! sequel1 relat+ t he obs]v$ ! balloon1 :i* 0 desc5d+ ) great velocity1 /rike & break ! head ( an oak tree1 aft] :i* x also /ruck ! gr\nd4 ,hurry+ up1 he f\nd ! girl ins5sible1 & ,mr4 ,h>ris already dead1 ) 8 brea/ bone & sev]al ribs brok54 ,! explanation ( ! accid5t giv5 by ,mr4 ,edw>d ,sp5c] is alike conv9c+ & in/ructive4 ,?is em95tly practical au?ority po9ts out t ! valve l9es mu/ h be5 made taut to ! hoop at ! "t t ! balloon 0 full & globul>4 ,?us1 subsequ5tly1 :5 f dim9ution ( gas ! balloon's %ape elongat$1 ! valve l9e w\ld become /ra9$ & beg9 to op5 ! valve1 b 9 su* a gradual mann] z to escape ! notice ( ! a]onaut4 ,miss ,/ocks1 f> f be+ unn]v$ by ! t]rible exp]i5ce1 actually made ?ree subsequ5t asc5ts 9 company ) ,mr4 ,gre54 ,x des]ves m5tion t ano!r disa/]1 equally in/ructive1 b happily n att5d$ ) loss ( life1 occurr$ 9 ,dubl9 9 #ahdd to ,mr4 ,hampton1 :o ab\t ?is "t made sev]al public & ent]pris+ voyages4 ,he evid5tly 0 possess$ ( admirable n]ve & decision1 & did n hesitate to make an asc5t f ! ,porto-,bello ,g>d5s 9 face ( /rong w9d bl[+ sea-w>ds1 & 9 spite ( _m prote/ations f ! onlook]s t he 0 plac+ himself 9 dang]4 ,?is dang] he fully realis$1 m p>ticul>ly :5 he recognis$ t ! headl& on :i* he hop$ to alight 0 n 9 ! direction ( ! w9d's c\rse4 ,resolv$1 h[ev]1 on gratify+ ! cr[d1 ,mr4 ,hampton asc5d$ rapidly1 & !n ) equal exp$ition comm5c$ a precipitate desc5t1 :i* he accompli%$ ) skill & )\t mi%ap4 ,b ! w9d 0 /ill boi/]\s1 & ! balloon sp$ onw>d along ! gr\nd t[>ds fre% dang] un=ese51 & p]haps n duly reckon$ )4 ,ahead 0 a cottage1 ! *imney ( :i* 0 on fire4 ,a ballooni/ 9 ^! circum/ances is apt to ?9k little ( a s+le small object 9 8 way1 kn[+ h[ _m are ! *ances ( miss+ or ( successfully negotiat+ any su* ob/acle4 ,! writ] on "o occasion 01 9 ! judgm5t ( onlook]s bel[1 drift+ 9 dang]\s proximity to ! awful ,cwmavon /ack 9 ,glamorgan%ire1 !n 9 full bla/2 yet x 0 a fact t t va/ v5t ( flame & smoke pass$ almo/ unhe$$ by ! p>ty 9 ! desc5d+ c>4 ,x may h be5 ?us1 also1 ) ,mr4 ,hampton1 :o only fully realis$ 8 dang] :5 8 balloon blew up ) an awfully gr& explosion1 & he 0 r$uc$ to ! extremity ( jump+ = 8 life1 happily escap+ ! mass ( burn+ silk & ropes4 ,! awful pr$icam5t ( fall+ into ! sea1 :i* has be5 illu/rat$ already1 & :i* w recur aga9 9 ^! pages1 0 ably & successfully met by ,mr4 ,cunn+ham1 :o made an aft]noon asc5t f ! ,artill]y ,b>racks at ,clev$on1 rea*+ ,snake ,isl& at nightfall1 :]e1 ow+ to ! ga!r+ d>kness1 he felt con/ra9$ to op5 8 valve4 ,he quickly comm5c$ desc5d+ into ! sea1 & :5 )9 t5 feet ( ! wat]1 turn$ ! deta*+ screw :i* connect$ ! c> ) ! balloon4 ,! effect ( ?is 0 at once to laun* him on ! waves1 b1 be+ /ill able to keep control ov] ! valve1 he all[$ j en\gh gas to rema9 )9 ! silk to hold ! balloon above wat]4 ,he !n betook himself to ! paddles ) :i* 8 craft 0 provid$1 & rea*$ ,snake ,isl& ) ! balloon 9 t[4 ,"h he seems to h f\nd good use = a fur!r portion ( 8 v complete equipm5t2 =1 light+ a signal rocket1 he pres5tly br\ght a f\r-o>$ gig to 8 succ\r f ,portsm\? ,h>b\r4 ,! tea*+ ( ! above incid5t is manife/ en\gh4 ,if x %\ld be contemplat$ to use ! balloon = s]i\s or l5g!n$ travel any:]e )9 possible rea* ( ! sea-bo>d--& ?is mu/ apply to all p>ts ( ! ,briti% ,isles--x mu/ become a wise precaution1 if n an absolute necessity1 to adopt "s =m ( c> t w\ld be ( avail 9 ! ev5t ( a fall tak+ place 9 ! sea4 ,suffici5t confirmation ( ?is /atem5t w be %ortly af=d$ by a memorable voyage accompli%$ dur+ ! p>tn]%ip ( ,messrs4 ,glai%] & ,coxwell1 "o :i* w\ld c]ta9ly h f\nd ! travell]s 9 f> less jeop>dy _h _! c> be5 conv]tible into a boat4 ,we h already se5 h[ ess5tial ,wise consid]$ ?is exp$i5t 9 8 own bold] s*emes1 & x may fur!r be m5tion$ "h t mod]n air %ips h be5 design$ ) ! int5tion ( mak+ ! wat] a p]fectly safe l&+4 ,! balloon+ exploits :i*1 h[ev]1 we h n[ to rec\nt _h q ano!r & m special object consi/5tly 9 view--t ( sci5tific inve/igation2 & we w\ld "h premise t ! prop] appreciation ( ^! inve/igations w dep5d on a due und]/&+ ( ! att5dant circum/ances1 z also ( ! con/ant *>act]i/ic behavi\r ( balloons1 :e!r despat*$ = m]e travel or rese>*4 ,fir/ let u reg>d ! actual pa? ( a balloon 9 space :5 be+ manoeuvr$ 9 ! way we read ( 9 ,mr4 ,glai%]'s own acc\nts4 ,?is "p is 9 mo/ cases approximately indicat$ 9 t mo/ attractive volume ( 8 entitl$1 ,travels 9 ! ,air1 by diagrams giv+ a sectional pres5tm5t ( 8 m important voyages2 b a little commonplace consid]ation may take ! place ( diagrams4 ,x has be5 common to ass]t t a balloon pois$ 9 space is ! mo/ delicate balance conceivable4 ,its intr9sic weight mu/ be exactly equal to ! weight ( ! air x displaces1 & s9ce ! d5sity ( ! air decreases accord+ to a fix$ law1 am\nt+1 approximately1 to a diff]5ce 9 b>ometric read+ ( #j4a in* = e #ij feet1 x foll[s1 !oretically1 t if a balloon is pois$ at #a1jjj feet above sea level1 !n x w\ld n be 9 equilibrium at any o!r height1 s long z its weight & volume rema9 ! same4 ,if x 7 #ej feet high] x mu/ comm5ce desc5d+1 &1 if l[]1 !n x mu/ asc5d till x rea*es its true level2 &1 m ?an t1 9 ! ev5t ( ei!r su* excursion m]e impetus w\ld c>ry x beyond ?is level1 ab\t :i* x w\ld oscillate = a %ort "t1 aft] ! mann] ( ! p5dulum4 ,?is is sub/antially true1 b x mu/ be tak5 9 connection ) o!r facts :i* h a f> great] influ5ce on a balloon's position or motion4 ,= in/ance1 9 ! volume j ref]r$ to x is /at$ by ,m4 ,ga/on ,tiss&i] t on "o occasion :5 al(t he ?rew ov]bo>d a *ick5 bone1 &1 imm$iately consult+ a b>omet]1 _h to admit on cle>e/ evid5ce t ! bone _h caus$ a rise ( f tw5ty to ?irty y>ds1 s delicately is a balloon equipois$ 9 ! air4 ,"h1 )\t paus+ to calculate :e!r ! dis*>ge ( an ounce or s w\ld suffice to cause a l>ge balloon to asc5d ?r\gh n9ety feet1 x may be po9t$ out t ! record _c be tru/wor?y1 f ! m]e fact t a free balloon is f mom5t to mom5t be+ subject$ to o!r pot5t influ5ces1 :i* necess>ily affect its position 9 space4 ,9 daytime ! sun's influ5ce is an all-important factor1 & :e!r %9+ brightly or p>tially hidd5 by cl\ds1 a slight diff]5ce 9 obscuration w h a ready & m>k$ effect on ! balloon's altitude4 ,aga91 a balloon 9 transit may pass almo/ mom5t>ily f a w>m] lay] ( air to a cold]1 or vice v]sa1 ! plane ( dem>cation betwe5 ! two be+ v def9ite & abrupt1 & 9 ?is case altitude is at once affect$2 or1 yet aga91 !re are ! desc5d+ & asc5d+ curr5ts1 met ) con/antly & unexpect$ly1 :i* h to be reckon$ )4 ,?us x becomes a fact t a balloon's v]tical c\rse is subject$ to con/ant *ecks & vicissitudes f a v>iety ( causes1 & ^! w h to be duly borne 9 m9d :5 we are confront$ ) ! (t5 surpris+ results & read+s :i* are suppli$ by sci5tific obs]v]s4 ,) reg>d to ! close proximity1 )\t appreciable int]m+l+1 ( widely diff]+ curr5ts1 x %\ld be m5tion$ t explor]s h f\nd 9 regions :]e w9ds ( diff]5t directions pass ea* o!r t "o air /ream appe>s actually to drag aga9/ ! surface ( ! o!r1 z ?\gh admitt+ no int]space :]e ! /reams might m+le4 ,inde$1 tru/wor?y obs]v]s h /at$ t ev5 a hurricane c rage ov] a tranquil atmosph]e ) a %>ply def9$ surface ( dem>cation betwe5 calm & /orm4 ,?us1 to quote ! actual words ( ,*>les ,d>w91 ?an :om x is impossible to adduce a m c>eful witness1 we f9d him record+ h[ on m\nta9 heights he met ) w9ds turbul5t & unconf9$1 yet hold+ c\rses l riv]s )9 _! b$s4 ,x is 9 trac+ ! tr5d ( upp] air /reams1 to ^: wayw>d c\rses & ev] v>y+ conditions we are n[ to be introduc$1 t mu* ( our mo/ valuable in=mation has come1 affect+ ! possibility ( =eca/+ ,briti% w9d & wea!r4 ,x %\ld ne$ no insi/+ on t ! data requir$ by meteorologi/s are n suffici5tly suppli$ by ! read+s ( in/rum5ts plac$ on or ne> ! gr\nd1 or by ! set ( ! w9d z det]m9$ by a vane plant$ on ! top ( a pole or ro( ( a build+4 ,! *ief factors 9 our meteorology are r ^? broad] & deep] conditions :i* obta9 9 high] regions necess>ily beyond our k51 until ^? regions are duly & dilig5tly explor$4 ,mr4 ,glai%]'s e/imate ( ! utility ( ! balloon z an in/rum5t ( rese>*1 =m$ at ! conclusion ( 8 a]onautical lab\rs1 has a special value & significance4 ,speak+ ) all ! weight atta*+ to s tra9$ & em95t an obs]v]1 he decl>es1 ,! balloon1 consid]$ z an in/rum5t = v]tical exploration1 pres5ts itself to u "u a v>iety ( aspects1 ea* ( :i* is f]tile 9 sugge/ions4 ,reg>d+ ! atmosph]e z ! great laboratory ( *anges :i* conta9 ! g]m ( future dis discov]ies1 to belong respectively1 z !y unfold1 to ! *emi/ & meteorologi/1 ! physical relation to animal life ( diff]5t heights1 ! =m ( dea? :i* at c]ta9 elevations waits to accompli% its de/ruction1 ! effect ( dim9i%$ pressure ^u individuals simil>ly plac$1 ! comp>ison ( m\nta9 asc5ts ) ! exp]i5ces ( a]onauts1 are "s ( ! que/ions :i* sugge/ !mselves & fa9tly indicate enquiries :i* naturally ally !mselves to ! c\rse ( balloon exp]im5ts4 ,suffici5tly v>i$ & important1 !y w be se5 to rank ! balloon z a valuable aid to ! uses ( philosophy1 & rescue x f ! imp5d+ degradation ( cont9u+ a toy fit only to be exhibit$ or to adm9i/] to ! pleasures ( ! curi\s & lov]s ( adv5ture4 ,! words ( ! same au?ority z to ! possible practical developm5t ( ! balloon z an a]ial ma*9e %\ld likewise be quot$1 & w appe> almo/ prophetic4 ,9 ,engl& ! subject ( a]o-/ation has made b little progress1 & no valuable inv5tion has aris5 to facilitate travell+ 9 ! air4 ,9 all my asc5ts ,i us$ ! balloon z ,i f\nd x4 ,! desire :i* influ5c$ me 0 to asc5d to ! high] regions & travel by its means 9 fur!rance ( a bett] k ( atmosph]ic ph5om5a4 ,nei!r its managem5t nor its improvem5t =m$ a "p ( my plan4 ,i soon f\nd t balloon travell+ 0 at ! m]cy ( ! w9d1 & ,i saw no probability ( any me?od ( /e]+ balloons be+ obta9$4 ,x ev5 appe>$ to me t ! balloon itself1 admirable = v]tical asc5ts1 0 n necess>ily a fir/ /ep 9 a]ial navigation1 & might possibly h no %>e 9 ! solution ( ! problem4 ,x 0 ?is conviction t l$ to ! =mation ( ! ,a]onautical ,society a few ye>s s9ce "u ! presid5cy ( ! ,duke ( ,argyll4 ,9 ! numb] ( communications made to ?is society x is evid5t t _m m9ds are tax+ _! +5uity to discov] a mode ( navigat+ ! air2 all k9ds ( imag9>y projects h be5 sugge/$1 "s %[+ great me*anical +5uity1 b all indicat+ ! want ( m k ( ! atmosph]e itself4 ,! fir/ great aim ( ?is society is ! connect+ ! velocity ( ! air ) its pressure on plane surfaces at v>i\s incl9ations4 ,!re seems no prospect ( obta9+ ?is relation o!rwise ?an by a c>eful s]ies ( exp]im5ts4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,! ,,highe/ ,,asc5t ,,on ,,record4 ,mr4 ,glai%]'s in/rum5tal outfit 0 on an elaborate & co/ly scale1 & ! programme ( exp]im5tal "w drawn up = him by ! ,committee ( ! ,briti% ,association did n err on ! side ( too mu* mode/y4 ,9 ! fir/ place ! temp]ature & moi/ure ( ! atmosph]e 7 to be exam9$4 ,obs]vations on m\nta9 sides _h det]m9$ t !rmomet]s %[$ a decrease ( #a degree ,f4 = e #cjj feet1 & ! accuracy ( ?is law 0 p>ticul>ly to be te/$4 ,also1 inve/igations 7 to be made z to ! di/ribution ( vap\r bel[ ! cl\ds1 9 !m1 & above !m4 ,!n c>eful obs]vations respect+ ! dew po9t 7 to be und]tak5 at all accessible heights1 &1 m p>ticul>ly1 up to ^? heights :]e man may be resid5t or troops may be locat$4 ,! comp>atively new in/rum5t1 ! an]oid b>omet]1 extremely valuable1 if only tru/wor?y1 by reason ( its s5sibility1 portability & safety1 0 to be te/$ & comp>$ ) ! behavi\r ( a reliable m]curial b>omet]4 ,electrical conditions 7 to be exam9$2 ! pres5ce ( ozone te/$2 ! vibration ( a magnet 0 aga9 to be resort$ to to det]m9e h[ f> ! magnetism ( ! e>? might be affect$ by height4 ,! sol> spectrum 0 to be obs]v$2 air 0 to be collect$ at diff]5t heights = analysis2 cl\ds1 also upp] curr5ts1 7 to be report$ on4 ,fur!r obs]vations 7 to be made on s\nd1 on sol> radiation1 on ! act9ic action ( ! sun1 & on atmosph]ic ph5om5a 9 g5]al4 ,all ?is mu/ be reg>d$ z a l>ge ord] :]e only a v limit$ numb] ( asc5ts 7 contemplat$1 & x may be m5tion$ t "s ( ! me?ods ( inve/igation1 z1 = in/ance1 ! use ( ozone pap]s1 w\ld n[ be g5]ally consid]$ obsolete2 :ile ! me*anical aspiration ( !rmomet]s by a /ream ( air1 :i*1 z we h po9t$ out1 0 introduc$ by ,wel%1 & :i* is /rongly insi/$ on at ! pres5t day1 0 consid]$ unnecess>y by ,mr4 ,glai%] 9 ! case ( wet & dry bulb hygromet]s4 ,! entire li/ ( in/rum5ts1 z m9utely describ$ by ! tal5t$ obs]v]1 numb]$ tw5ty-two articles1 among :i* 7 su* irreproa*able items z a bottle ( wat] & a pair ( scissors4 ,! foll[+ is a cond5s$ acc\nt1 ga!r$ f ,mr4 ,glai%]'s own n>rative1 ( 8 fir/ asc5t1 :i* has be5 already briefly sket*$ 9 ^! pages by ! h& ( ,mr4 ,coxwell4 ,v great difficulties 7 exp]i5c$ 9 ! inflation1 :i* op]ation appe>$ z if x w\ld nev] be complet$1 = a t]rible ,w4,s4,w4 w9d 0 con/antly bl[+1 & ! movem5ts ( ! balloon 7 s great & s rapid t x 0 impossible to fix a s+le in/rum5t 9 its position be=e quitt+ ! e>?1 a position ( affairs :i*1 says ,mr4 ,glai%]1 0 by no means *e]+ to a novice :o _h nev] be=e put 8 foot 9 ! c> ( a balloon1 & :51 at la/1 at #i4db a4m41 ,mr4 ,coxwell ca/ (f1 !re 0 no upw>d motion1 ! c> simply dragg+ on its side till ! expiration ( a :ole m9ute1 :5 ! balloon lift$1 & 9 six m9utes rea*$ ! fir/ cl\d at an altitude ( #d1dfg feet4 ,?is cl\d 0 pass$ at #e1hjb feet1 & fur!r cl\d enc\nt]$ at #b1jjj feet fur!r al(t4 ,f\r m9utes lat]1 ! asc5t proce$+1 ! sun %one out brightly1 exp&+ ! balloon into a p]fect globe & display+ a magnific5t view1 :i*1 h[ev]1 ! incipi5t voyag] did n all[ himself to enjoy until ! in/rum5ts 7 arrang$ 9 due ord]1 by :i* "t a height ( #aj1jjj feet 0 record$4 ,mr4 ,glai%] app>5tly n[ _h opportunity = obs]v+ ! cl\ds1 :i* he describes z v beautiful1 & he records ! he>+ ( a b& ( music at a height ( #ab1gji feet1 :i* 0 atta9$ 9 exactly tw5ty m9utes f ! />t4 ,a m9ute lat] ! e>? 0 sight$ ?r\gh a break 9 ! cl\ds1 & at #af1iad feet ! cl\ds 7 f> bel[1 ! sky above be+ p]fectly cl\dless1 & ( an int5se ,prussian blue4 ,by ?is "t ,mr4 ,glai%] _h receiv$ 8 fir/ surprise1 z imp>t$ by ! record ( 8 in/rum5ts4 ,at />t+1 ! temp]ature ( ! air _h /ood at #ei degrees4 ,!n at #d1jjj feet ?is 0 r$uc$ to #de degrees2 &1 fur!r1 to #bf degrees at #aj1jjj feet1 :5 x rema9$ /ation>y ?r\gh an asc5t ( #c1jjj feet m1 dur+ :i* p]iod bo? travell]s add$ to _! clo?+1 anticipat+ mu* accession ( cold4 ,h[ev]1 at #ae1ejj feet ! temp]ature _h actually ris5 to #ca degrees1 increas+ to no less ?an #db degrees at #ai1ejj feet4 ,a/oni%+ z ?is discov]y 01 x 0 n ! end ( ! wond]1 = two m9utes lat]1 on some:at desc5d+1 ! temp]ature comm5c$ decreas+ s rapidly z to %[ a fall ( #bg degrees 9 #bf m9utes4 ,z to p]sonal exp]i5ces1 ,mr4 ,glai%] %\ld be left to tell 8 own /ory4 ,at ! height ( #ah1hdd feet #ah vibrations ( a horizontal magnet occupi$ #bf4h seconds1 & at ! same height my pulse beat at ! rate ( #ajj pulsations p] m9ute4 ,at #ai1dae feet palpitation ( ! he>t became p]ceptible1 ! beat+ ( ! *ronomet] seem$ v l\d1 & my brea?+ became affect$4 ,at #ai1dce feet my pulse _h accel]at$1 & x 0 ) increas+ difficulty t ,i c\ld read ! in/rum5ts2 ! palpitation ( ! he>t 0 v p]ceptible2 ! h&s & lips assum$ a d>k blui% col\r1 b n ! face4 ,at #bj1bch feet #bh vibrations ( a horizontal magnet occupi$ #dc seconds4 ,at #ba1gib feet ,i exp]i5c$ a feel+ analog\s to sea-sickness1 ?\gh !re 0 nei!r pit*+ nor roll+ 9 ! balloon1 & ?r\gh ?is illness ,i 0 unable to wat* ! in/rum5t long en\gh to l[] ! temp]ature to get a deposit ( dew4 ,! sky at ?is elevation 0 ( a v deep blue col\r1 & ! cl\ds 7 f> bel[ u4 ,at #bb1ceg feet ,i endeav\r$ to make ! magnet vibrate1 b c\ld n2 x mov$ ?r\gh arcs ( ab\t #bj degrees1 & !n settl$ sudd5ly4 ,our desc5t began a little aft] #aa a4m41 ,mr4 ,coxwell exp]i5c+ consid]able uneas9ess at our too close vic9ity to ! ,wa%4 ,we came d[n quickly f a height ( #af1cjj feet to "o ( #ab1djj feet 9 "o m9ute2 at ?is elevation we ent]$ into a d5se cl\d :i* prov$ to be no less ?an #h1jjj feet 9 ?ickness & :il/ pass+ ?r\gh ?is ! balloon 0 invisible f ! c>4 ,f ! rapidity ( ! desc5t ! balloon assum$ ! %ape ( a p>a*ute1 & ?\gh ,mr4 ,coxwell _h res]v$ a l>ge am\nt ( balla/1 :i* he dis*>g$ z quickly z possible1 we collect$ s mu* weight by ! cond5sation ( ! imm5se am\nt ( vap\r ?r\gh :i* we pass$ t1 not)/&+ all 8 ex]tions1 we came to ! e>? ) a v consid]able %ock1 :i* broke ne>ly all ! in/rum5ts4444 ,! desc5t took place at ,langham1 ne> ,oakham4 ,j a mon? lat] ,mr4 ,glai%]1 b5t on a yet l(ti] climb1 made 8 second asc5t1 aga9 "u ,mr4 ,coxwell's guidance1 & aga9 f ,wolv]hampton4 ,besides att5d+ to 8 in/rum5ts he f\nd leisure to make o!r *ance notes by ! way4 ,he 0 p>ticul>ly /ruck by ! beauty ( masses ( cl\d1 :i*1 by ! "t #ab1jjj feet 7 rea*$1 7 f> bel[1 pres5t+ at times m\nta9 sc5es ( endless v>iety & gr&eur1 :ile f9e dome-l cl\ds dazzl$ & *>m$ ! eye ) alt]nations & brilliant effects ( light & %ade4 ,:5 a height ( ab\t #bj1jjj feet _h be5 rea*$ ?und] 0 he>d twice ov]1 com+ f bel[1 ?\gh no cl\ds c\ld be se54 ,a height ( #d1jjj feet m 0 atta9$1 & %ortly aft] ?is ,mr4 ,glai%] speaks ( feel+ unwell4 ,x 0 difficult to obta9 a deposit ( dew on ! hygromet]1 & ! work+ ( ! aspirator became tr\blesome4 ,:ile 9 ?is region a s\nd l t ( l\d ?und] came f ! sky4 ,obs]vations 7 practically complet$ at ?is po9t1 & a spe$y & safe return to e>? 0 effect$1 ! l&+ be+ at ,solihull1 sev5 miles f ,birm+ham4 ,x 0 on ! #e? ( ,septemb] foll[+ t ! same two colleagues c>ri$ out an exploit :i* w always /& alone 9 ! hi/ory ( a]onautics1 namely1 t ( asc5d+ to an altitude :i*1 bas$ on ! be/ e/imate !y 7 able to make1 !y calculat$ to be no less ?an sev5 miles4 ,:atev] error may h unavoidably come into ! actual e/imate1 :i* is to "s ext5t conjectural1 is 9 reality a small matt]1 n ! lea/ affect+ ! fact t ! feat 9 itself w probably rema9 )\t a p>allel ( its k9d4 ,9 ^! days1 :5 a]onauts attempt to rea* an exceptionally l(ty altitude1 !y inv>iably provide !mselves ) a cyl9d] ( oxyg5 gas to meet ! special em]g5cies ( ! situation1 s t :5 regions ( su* att5uat$ air are rea*$ t ! action ( he>t & lungs becomes s]i\sly affect$1 x is /ill )9 _! p[] to inhale ! life-giv+ gas :i* af=ds ! greate/ available re/orative to _! en]gies4 ,=ty ye>s ago1 h[ev]1 cyl9d]s ( compress$ oxyg5 gas 7 n available1 & on ?is acc\nt alone we may /ate )\t hesitation t ! ent]prise :i* foll[s /&s unp>allel$ at ! pres5t h\r4 ,! fill+ /ation at ,wolv]hampton 0 quitt$ at #a4c p4m41 ! temp]ature ( ! air be+ #ei degrees on ! gr\nd1 & fall+ to #da degrees at an altitude ( #e1jjj feet1 directly aft] :i* a d5se cl\d 0 ent]$1 :i* br\ght ! temp]ature d[n to #cf degrees4 ,at ?is elevation ! report ( a gun 0 he>d4 ,"h ,mr4 ,glai%] attempt$ 7probably = ! fir/ "t 9 hi/ory7 to take a cl\d-scape photograph1 ! illum9ation be+ brilliant1 & ! plates ) :i* he 0 furni%$ be+ consid]$ extremely s5sitive4 ,! attempt1 h[ev]1 0 unsuccessful4 ,! height ( two miles 0 rea*$ 9 #ai m9utes1 & "h ! temp]ature 0 at freez+ po9t4 ,9 six m9utes lat] ?ree miles 0 rea*$1 & ! !rmomet] 0 d[n to #ah degrees4 ,9 ano!r twelve m9utes f\r miles 0 atta9$1 ) ! !rmomet] record+ #h degrees1 & by fur!r dis*>ge ( s& ! fif? a]ial mile/one 0 pass$ at #a4ej p4m41 i4e4 9 #dg m9utes f ! />t1 ) ! !rmomet] #b degrees bel[ z]o4 ,mr4 ,glai%] relates t up to ?is po9t he _h tak5 obs]vations ) com=t1 & exp]i5c$ no tr\ble 9 respiration1 :il/ ,mr4 ,coxwell1 9 consequ5ce ( ! ex]tions he _h to make1 0 brea?+ ) difficulty4 ,m s& 0 n[ ?r[n out1 & z ! balloon rose high] ,mr4 ,glai%] /ates t he f\nd "s difficulty 9 see+ cle>ly4 ,b f ?is po9t 8 exp]i5ces %\ld be ga!r$ f 8 own words3-- ,ab\t #a4eb p4m41 or lat]1 ,i read ! dry bulb !rmomet] z m9us five2 aft] ?is ,i c\ld n see ! column ( m]cury 9 ! wet bulb !rmomet]1 nor ! h&s ( ! wat*1 nor ! f9e divisions on any in/rum5t4 ,i ask$ ,mr4 ,coxwell to help me to read ! in/rum5ts4 ,9 consequ5ce1 h[ev]1 ( ! rotatory motion ( ! balloon1 :i* _h cont9u$ )\t ceas+ s9ce leav+ ! e>?1 ! valve l9e _h become entangl$1 & he _h to leave ! c> & m\nt into ! r+ to readju/ x4 ,i !n look$ at ! b>omet]1 & f\nd its read+ to be #i #c_/d in*es1 /ill decreas+ fa/1 imply+ a height exce$+ #bi1jjj feet4 ,%ortly aft]1 ,i laid my arm ^u ! table1 possess$ ( its full vig\r2 b on be+ desir\s ( us+ x ,i f\nd x p[]less--x mu/ h lo/ its p[] mom5t>ily4 ,try+ to move ! o!r arm1 ,i f\nd x p[]less also4 ,!n ,i tri$ to %ake myself1 & succe$$1 b ,i seem$ to h no limbs4 ,9 look+ at ! b>omet] my head fell ov] my left %\ld]4 ,i /ruggl$ & %ook my body aga91 b c\ld n move my arms4 ,gett+ my head upright = an in/ant only1 x fell on my "r %\ld]2 !n ,i fell backw>ds1 my back re/+ aga9/ ! side ( ! c> & my head on its edge4 ,9 ?is position my eyes 7 direct$ to ,mr4 ,coxwell 9 ! r+4 ,:5 ,i %ook my body ,i seem$ to h full p[] ov] ! muscles ( ! back1 & consid]ably s ov] ^? ( ! neck1 b none ov] ei!r my arms or my legs4 ,z 9 ! case ( ! arms1 s all muscul> p[] 0 lo/ 9 an in/ant f my back & neck4 ,i dimly saw ,mr4 ,coxwell1 & endeav\r$ to speak1 b c\ld n4 ,9 an in/ant int5se d>kness ov]came me1 s t ! optic n]ve lo/ p[] sudd5ly2 b ,i 0 /ill consci\s1 ) z active a bra9 z at ! pres5t mom5t :il/ writ+ ?is4 ,i ?\ght ,i _h be5 seiz$ ) asphyxia1 & believ$ ,i %\ld exp]i5ce no?+ m1 z dea? w\ld come unless we spe$ily desc5d$4 ,o!r ?\ghts 7 ent]+ my m9d :5 ,i sudd5ly became unconsci\s1 z on go+ to sleep4 ,i _c tell any?+ ( ! s5se ( he>+1 z no s\nd rea*es ! e> to break ! p]fect /illness & sil5ce ( ! regions betwe5 six & sev5 miles above ! e>?4 ,my la/ obs]vation 0 made at #a4ed p4m41 above #bi1jjj feet4 ,i suppose two or ?ree m9utes to h elaps$ betwe5 my eyes becom+ ins5sible to see+ f9e divisions & #a4ed p4m41 & !n two or ?ree m9utes m to h pass$ till ,i 0 ins5sible1 :i* ,i ?9k1 !re=e1 took place ab\t #a4ef p4m4 or #a4eg p4m4 ,:il/ p[]less1 ,i he>d ! words ',temp]ature' & ',obs]vation1' & ,i knew ,mr4 ,coxwell 0 9 ! c> speak+ to & endeav\r+ to r\se me--!re=e consci\sness & he>+ _h return$4 ,i !n he>d him speak m emphatically1 b c\ld n see1 speak1 or move4 ,i he>d him aga9 say1 ',d try1 n[ d6' ,!n ! in/rum5ts became dimly visible1 !n ,mr4 ,coxwell1 & v %ortly ,i saw cle>ly4 ,next1 ,i arose 9 my seat & look$ ar\nd1 z ?\gh wak+ f sleep1 ?\gh n refre%$1 & said to ,mr4 ,coxwell1 ',i h be5 ins5sible4' ,he said1 ',y h1 & ,i too1 v ne>ly4' ,i !n drew up my legs1 :i* _h be5 ext5d$1 & took a p5cil 9 my h& to beg9 obs]vations4 ,mr4 ,coxwell told me t he _h lo/ ! use ( 8 h&s1 :i* 7 black1 & ,i p\r$ br&y ov] !m4 ,mr4 ,glai%] consid]s t he mu/ h be5 totally ins5sible = a p]iod ( ab\t sev5 m9utes1 at ! end ( :i* "t ! wat] res]v$ = ! wet bulb !rmomet]1 :i* he _h c>efully kept f freez+1 _h become a solid block ( ice4 ,mr4 ,coxwell's h&s _h become fro/bitt51 s t1 be+ 9 ! r+ & desir\s ( com+ to 8 fri5d's assi/ance1 he 0 =c$ to re/ 8 arms on ! r+ & drop d[n4 ,ev5 !n1 ! table be+ 9 ! way1 he 0 unable to approa*1 &1 feel+ ins5sibility /eal+ ov] himself1 he became anxi\s to op5 ! valve4 ,b 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ lo/ ! use ( 8 h&s he c\ld n d ?is4 ,ultimately he succe$$ by seiz+ ! cord 9 8 tee? & dipp+ 8 head two or ?ree times until ! balloon took a decid$ turn d[nw>ds4 ,mr4 ,glai%] adds t no inconv5i5ce foll[$ 8 ins5sibility1 & pres5tly dropp+ 9 a c\ntry :]e no conveyance ( any k9d c\ld be obta9$1 he 0 able to walk betwe5 sev5 & eight miles4 ,! int]e/+ "q ( ! actual height atta9$ is ?us discuss$ by ,mr4 ,glai%]3--,i h already said t my la/ obs]vation 0 made at a height ( #bi1jjj feet4 ,at ?is "t1 #a4ed p4m41 we 7 asc5d+ at ! rate ( #a1jjj feet p] m9ute1 & :5 ,i resum$ obs]vations we 7 desc5d+ at ! rate ( #b1jjj feet p] m9ute4 ,^! two positions mu/ be connect$1 tak+ into acc\nt ! int]val ( "t betwe51 namely1 ?irte5 m9utes2 & on ^! consid]ations ! balloon mu/ h atta9$ ! altitude ( #cf1jjj or #cg1jjj feet4 ,aga91 a v delicate m9imum !rmomet] read m9us #aa4i1 & ?is w\ld give a height ( #cg1jjj feet4 ,mr4 ,coxwell1 on com+ f ! r+1 notic$ t ! c5tre ( ! an]oid b>omet]1 its blue h&1 & a rope atta*$ to ! c>1 7 all 9 ! same /raight l9e1 & ?is gave a read+ ( sev5 in*es1 & leads to ! same result4 ,!re=e1 ^! indep5d5t means all lead to ab\t ! same elevation1 namely1 fully sev5 miles4 ,s f> we h foll[$ ,mr4 ,glai%]'s acc\nt only1 b ,mr4 ,coxwell has add$ te/imony ( 8 own to ?is rem>kable adv5ture1 :i* r5d]s ! n>rative m complete4 ,he speaks ( ! cont9u$ rotation ( ! balloon & ! necessity = m\nt+ into ! r+ to get possession ( ! valve l9e4 ,i _h previ\sly1 he adds1 tak5 (f a ?ick pair ( gloves s z to be ! bett] able to manipulate ! s&-bags1 & ! mom5t my unprotect$ h&s re/$ on ! r+1 :i* reta9$ ! temp]ature ( ! air1 ,i f\nd t !y 7 fro/-bitt52 b ,i did manage to br+ d[n ) me ! valve l9e1 aft] notic+ ! h& ( ! an]oid b>omet]1 & x 0 n long be=e ,i succe$$ 9 op5+ ! %utt]s 9 ! way describ$ by ,mr4 ,glai%]4444 ,aga91 on lett+ (f m gas1 ,i p]ceiv$ t ! l[] "p ( ! balloon 0 rapidly %r9k+1 & ,i he>d a sigh+1 z if x 7 9 ! network & ! ruffl$ surface ( ! clo?4 ,i !n look$ r\nd1 al?\gh x seem$ advisable to let (f m gas1 to see if ,i c\ld 9 any way assi/ ,mr4 ,glai%]1 b ! table ( in/rum5ts block$ ! way1 & ,i c\ld n1 ) disabl$ h&s1 pass b5ea?4 ,my la/ hope1 !n1 0 9 seek+ ! re/orative effects ( a w>m] /ratum ( atmosph]e4444 ,aga9 ,i tugg$ at ! valve l9e1 tak+ /ock1 mean:ile1 ( ! res]ve balla/ 9 /ore1 & ?is1 happily1 0 ample4 ,nev] %all ,i =get ^? pa9ful mom5ts ( d\bt & susp5se z to ,mr4 ,glai%]'s fate1 :5 no response came to my que/ions4 ,i began to fe> t he w\ld nev] take any m read+s4 ,i c\ld feel ! reviv+ effects ( a w>m] temp]ature1 & wond]$ t no signs ( animation 7 noticeable4 ,! h& ( ! an]oid t ,i _h look$ at 0 fa/ mov+1 :ile ! "u "p ( ! balloon _h ris5 high above ! c>4 ,i _h look$ t[>ds ! e>?1 & felt ! ru% ( air z x pass$ upw>ds1 b 0 /ill 9 despair :5 ,mr4 ,glai%] gasp$ ) a sigh1 & ! next mom5t he drew himself up & look$ at me r 9 confusion1 & said he _h be5 ins5sible1 b did n seem to h any cle> idea ( h[ long until he caught up 8 p5cil & not$ ! "t & ! read+ ( ! in/rum5ts4 ,! desc5t1 :i* 0 at fir/ v rapid1 0 effect$ )\t difficulty at ,cold ,we/on4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,fur!r ,,sci5tific ,,voyages ,,( ,,glai%] ,,& ,,coxwell4 ,e>ly 9 ! foll[+ spr+ we f9d ! same two a]onauts go+ al(t aga9 on a sci5tific excursion :i* _h a t]m9ation ne>ly z s5sational z ! la/4 ,! asc5t 0 f ! ,cry/al ,palace1 & ! int5tion be+ to make a v e>ly />t ! balloon = ?is purpose _h be5 p>tially fill$ ov]night2 b by ! morn+ ! w9d blew /rongly1 &1 ?\gh ! gr\nd curr5t w\ld h c>ri$ ! voyag]s 9 comp>ative safety to ! s\?we/1 sev]al pilots :i* 7 dismiss$ became1 at no great height1 c>ri$ away due s\?4 ,on ?is acc\nt ! />t 0 delay$ till #a p4m41 by :i* "t ! sky _h ne>ly fill$ 91 ) only occasional gleams ( sun betwe5 ! cl\ds4 ,x seem$ z if ! travell]s w\ld h to face ! *ance ( cross+ ! ,*annel1 & :ile1 already 9 ! c>1 !y 7 actually discuss+ ?is po9t1 _! re/ra9+ rope broke1 & !y 7 laun*$ unc]emoni\sly into ! skies4 ,?is occasion$ an unexpect$ lur* to ! c>1 :i* ?rew ,mr4 ,glai%] among 8 in/rum5ts1 to ! imm$iate de/ruction ( "s ( !m4 ,ano!r result ( ?is abrupt dep>ture 0 a v rapid rise1 :i* took ! balloon a height ( #c1jjj feet 9 ?ree m9utes' space1 & ano!r #d1jjj feet high] 9 six m9utes m4 ,sev5 ?\s& feet v]tically 9 n9e m9utes is fa/ pace2 b ! voyag]s 7 to "k high] spe$ yet t day :5 ! v]tical motion 0 to be 9 ! rev]se & wrong direction4 ,at ! height n[ rea*$ !y 7 9 cl\d1 & :ile ?us envelop$ ! temp]ature1 z (t5 happ5s1 rema9$ practically /ation>y at ab\t #cb degrees1 :ile t ( ! dew po9t increas$ sev]al degrees4 ,b1 on pass+ out ( ! cl\d1 ! two temp]atures 7 v sudd5ly sep>at$1 ! latt] decreas+ rapidly "u a deep blue upp] sky t 0 n[ )\t a cl\d4 ,%ortly aft] ?is ! temp]ature dropp$ sudd5ly "s #h degrees1 & !n1 dur+ ! next #ab1jjj feet1 crept sl[ly d[n by small /ages4 ,pres5tly ! balloon1 rea*+ m ?an tw5ty ?\s& feet1 or1 r\ghly1 f\r miles1 & /ill asc5d+1 ! !rmomet] 0 tak5 ) small fits ( ris+ & fall+ alt]nately till an altitude ( #bd1jjj feet 0 record$1 at :i* po9t o!r & m s]i\s matt]s intrud$ !mselves4 ,! e>? _h be5 = a consid]able "t lo/ to view1 & ! rate & direction ( rec5t progress _h become m]ely conjectural4 ,:at might be tak+ place 9 ^! obscur$ & l(ty regions8 ,x w\ld be z well to discov]4 ,s ! valve 0 op5$ r freely1 ) ! result t ! balloon dropp$ a mile 9 ?ree m9utes4 ,!n ano!r mile sl[]1 by a %ade4 ,!n at #ab1jjj feet a cl\d lay] 0 rea*$1 & %ortly aft] ! voyag]s broke ?r\gh into ! cle> bel[4 ,at t mom5t ,mr4 ,glai%]1 :o 0 busy ) 8 in/rum5ts1 he>d ,mr4 ,coxwell make an exclamation :i* caus$ him to look ov] ! c>1 & he writes1 ,! sea seem$ to be "u u4 ,mr4 ,coxwell aga9 exclaim$1 ',!re's n a mom5t to sp>e3 we mu/ save ! l& at all risks4 ,leave ! in/rum5ts4' ,mr4 ,coxwell almo/ hung to ! valve l9e1 & told me to d ! same1 & n to m9d its cutt+ my h&4 ,x 0 a bold decision op5+ ! valve 9 ?is way1 & x 0 boldly c>ri$ out4 ,z may be suppos$1 ! bold decision end$ ) a cra%4 ,! :ole "t ( desc5d+ ! f\r & a qu>t] miles 0 a qu>t] ( an h\r1 ! la/ two miles tak+ f\r m9utes only4 ,= all t1 !re 0 no p5alty beyond a few bruises & ! wreck+ ( ! in/rum5ts1 & :5 l& 0 rea*$ !re 0 no reb\nd2 ! balloon simply lay in]t h>d by ! m>g9 ( ! sea4 ,?is t]rific exp]i5ce 9 its sali5t details is /rangely simil> to t already record$ by ,alb]t ,smi?4 ,9 fur!r exp]im5tal lab\rs conduct$ dur+ ! summ] ( ?is ye>1 _m int]e/+ facts /& out prom95tly among a volum9\s mass ( obs]vations4 ,9 an asc5t 9 an ea/ w9d f ! ,cry/al ,palace 9 e>ly ,july x 0 f\nd t ! upp] limit ( t w9d 0 rea*$ at #b1djj feet1 at :i* level an air-/ream f ! nor? 0 enc\nt]$2 b at #c1jjj feet high] ! w9d aga9 *ang$ to a curr5t f ! ,n4,n4,w4 ,at ! height1 !n1 ( little m ?an half a mile1 ^! upp] curr5ts 7 travell+ leisurely2 b :at 0 m notewor?y 0 _! humidity1 :i* greatly increas$ ) altitude1 & a fact :i* may (t5 be not$ "h obtrud$ itself1 namely1 :5 ! a]onauts 7 at ! upp]limits ( ! ea/ w9d1 flat-bottom$ cumulus cl\ds 7 float+ at _! level4 ,^! cl\ds 7 entirely )9 ! influ5ce ( ! upp] or nor? w9d1 s t _! "u sides 7 9 contact ) ! ea/ w9d1 i4e4 ) a mu* dri] air1 :i* at once dissipat$ all vap\r 9 contact ) x1 & ?us pres5t$ ! appe>ance ( flat-bottom$ cl\ds4 ,x is a common exp]i5ce to f9d ! l[] surface ( a cl\d m[$ (f flat by an ea/ w9d bl[+ b5ea? x4 ,at ! end ( ,june a voyage f ,wolv]ton 0 accompli%$1 :i* yield$ rem>kable results ( mu* real value & int]e/4 ,! previ\s night _h be5 p]fectly calm1 & ?r\gh ne>ly ! :ole morn+ ! sun %one 9 a cle> blue sky1 )\t a symptom ( w9d or com+ *ange4 ,%ortly be=e noon1 h[ev]1 cl\ds appe>$ al(t1 & ! sky assum$ an alt]$ aspect4 ,!n ! /ate ( ?+s quickly *ang$4 ,w9d curr5ts rea*$ ! e>? bl[+ /rongly1 & ! half-fill$ balloon began to lur* to su* an ext5t t ! inflation c\ld only ) difficulty be proce$$ )4 ,fifty m5 7 unable to hold x 9 suffici5t re/ra9t to prev5t rude bump+ ( ! c> on ! gr\nd1 & :51 at l5g?1 arrangem5ts 7 complete & release effect$1 rapid dis*>ge ( balla/ alone sav$ collision ) neighb\r+ build+s4 ,x 0 n[ t ! di/urbance ov]head came "u inve/igation2 &1 consid]+ ! %ort p]iod x _h be5 9 progress1 prov$ mo/ rem>kable1 ! m s ! fur!r x 0 explor$4 ,at #d1jjj feet !y plung$ into ! cl\d canopy1 ?r\gh :i* z x 0 pa9fully cold1 !y1 s\ght to p5etrate into ! cle> above1 feel+ confid5t ( f9d+ !mselves1 accord+ to _! usual exp]i5ce1 9 bright blue sky1 ) ! sun brilliantly %9+4 ,on ! contr>y1 h[ev]1 ! region !y n[ ent]$ 0 fur!r obscur$ ) ano!r canopy ( cl\d f> up4 ,x 0 :ile !y 7 trav]s+ ?is cle> int]val t a s\nd unwont$ 9 balloon travel assail$ _! e>s4 ,?is 0 ! sigh+1 or r moan+1 ( ! w9d z prec$+ a /orm4 ,ru/l+ ( ! silk )9 ! cordage is (t5 he>d al(t1 be+ due to expansion ( gas or simil> cause2 b ! a]onauts soon conv9c$ !mselves t :at !y he>d 0 attributable to no?+ else ?an ! actual conflict ( air curr5ts b5ea?4 ,!n !y rea*$ fog--a dry fog--&1 pass+ ?r\gh x1 ent]$ a fur!r fog1 b wett+ ?is "t1 & )9 ! next #a1jjj feet !y 7 once aga9 9 fog t 0 dry2 & !n1 rea*+ ?ree miles high & see+ /ruggl+ sunbeams1 !y look$ ar\nd & saw cl\d ev]y:]e1 bel[1 above1 & f> cl\ds on _! own level4 ,! :ole sky _h fill$ 9 mo/ completely s9ce ! h\rs b rec5tly pass$1 :5 !y _h be5 expatiat+ on ! p]fect s]5ity ( ! empty heav5s4 ,/ill !y climb$ upw>ds1 & 9 ! next #b1jjj feet _h ent]$ fur!r fog1 dry at fir/1 b turn+ wett] z !y rose4 ,at f\r miles high !y f\nd !mselves on a level ) cl\ds1 ^: d>k masses & fr+$ edges prov$ !m to be v]itable ra9 cl\ds2 &1 :ile /ill obs]v+ !m1 ! fog surg$ up aga9 & %ut out ! view1 & by ! "t !y _h surm\nt$ x !y 7 no less ?an #bc1jjj feet up1 or high] ?an ! l(tie/ ( ! ,&es4 ,ev5 "h1 ) cl\d masses /ill pil+ high ov]head1 ! eag] obs]v]1 b5t on fur!r que/s1 0 = pursu+ ! voyage2 b ,mr4 ,coxwell int]pos$ ) an emphatic1 ,too %ort ( s&6 & ! d[nw>d j\rney _h to be comm5c$4 ,!n ph5om5a simil> to ^? already describ$ 7 exp]i5c$ aga9--fog banks 7sometimes wet1 sometimes dry71 ra9 %[]s1 & cl\d /rata ( pi]c+ cold4 ,pres5tly1 too1 a new wond] = a midsumm] aft]noon--a sn[ sc5e all ar\nd1 & spicules ( ice settl+ & rema9+ froz5 on ! coatsleeve4 ,f9ally dropp+ to e>? helplessly ?r\gh ! la/ #e1jjj feet1 ) all balla/ sp5t1 ,ely ,ca!dral 0 pass$ at close qu>t]s2 yet ev5 t va/ pile 0 hidd5 9 ! gloom t n[ lay ov] all ! l&4 ,x 0 j a mon? lat]1 & day broke ) ?or\ghly dirty wea!r1 a heavy sky1 & fall+ %[]s4 ,?is 0 ! day ( all o!rs t ,mr4 ,glai%] 0 wait+ =1 hav+ det]m9$ on mak+ special inve/igations conc]n+ ! =mation ( ra9 9 ! cl\ds !mselves4 ,x _h long be5 notic$ t1 9 an ord9>y way1 if !re be two ra9 gauges plac$1 "o ne> ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 & ano!r at a some:at high] elevation1 !n ! l[] gauge w collect mo/ wat]4 ,does1 !n1 ra9 cond5se 9 "s appreciable quantity out ( ! l[e/ level8 ,aga91 dur+ ra91 is ! air saturat$ completely1 & :at regulates ! quality ( ra9fall1 = ra9 sometimes falls 9 l>ge drops & sometimes 9 m9ute p>ticles8 ,^! 7 que/ions :i* ,mr4 ,glai%] s\ght to solve1 & !re 0 ano!r4 ,*>les ,gre5 _h /at$ z 8 conviction t :5ev] ra9 0 fall+ f an ov]ca/ sky !re w\ld always be f\nd a high] canopy ( cl\d ov]-hang+ ! l[] /ratum4 ,on ! day1 !n1 :i* we are n[ describ+1 ,mr4 ,glai%] wi%$ to put ?is 8 !ory to ! te/2 &1 if correct1 !n he desir$ to measure ! space betwe5 ! cl\d lay]s1 to gauge _! ?ickness1 & to see if above ! second /ratum ! sun 0 %9+4 ,! ma9 details ( ! asc5t read ?us3-- ,9 t5 seconds !y 7 9 mi/1 & 9 t5 seconds m 7 level ) ! cl\d4 ,at #a1bjj feet !y 7 out ( ! ra91 ?\gh n yet out ( ! cl\d4 ,em]g+ f ! l[] cl\d at #b1cjj feet1 !y saw1 :at ,gre5 w\ld h =etold1 an upp] /ratum ( d>k cl\d above4 ,!n !y made excursions up & d[n1 try+ high & l[ to v]ify ^! conditions1 & pass+ ?r\gh fogs bo? wet & dry1 at la/ drift+ e>?w>d1 ?r\gh squalls ( w9d & ra9 ) drops z l>ge z f\rp5ny pieces1 to f9d t on ! gr\nd heavy wet _h be5 ceaselessly fall+4 ,a day trip ov] ! ea/]n suburbs ( ,london 9 ! same ye> seems greatly to h impress$ ,mr4 ,glai%]4 ,! noise ( ,london /reets z he>d f above has mu* dim9i%$ dur+ ! la/ fifte5 ye>s' probably ow+ to ! introduction ( wood pav+4 ,b1 =ty ye>s ago1 ,mr4 ,glai%] describes ! deep s\nd ( ,london z resembl+ ! ro> ( ! sea1 :5 at a mile high2 :ile at great] elevations x 0 he>d at a murmur+ noise4 ,b ! view mu/ h be5 yet m /rik+ ?an ! he>+1 = 9 "o direction ! :ite cliffs f ,m>gate to ,dov] 7 visible1 :ile ,brighton & ! sea beyond 7 sight$1 & aga9 all ! coa/ l9e up to ,y>m\? yet ! atmosph]e t day1 "o might h ?\ght1 %\ld h be5 9 turmoil1 by reason ( a conflict ( aircurr5ts2 =1 )9 two miles ( ! e>?1 ! w9d 0 f ! ea/2 betwe5 two & ?ree miles high x 0 exactly opposite1 be+ f ! we/2 b at ?ree miles x 0 ,n4,e42 :ile1 high]1 x 0 aga9 directly opposite1 or ,s4,w4 ,dur+ 8 rese>*es s f> ,mr4 ,glai%] _h f\nd mu* t 0 anomal\s 9 ! way ( ! w9ds1 & 9 o!r elem5ts ( wea!r4 ,he 0 de/9$ to f9d mu* m4 ,x _h be5 commonly accept$ t ! temp]ature ( ! air decreases at ! av]age rate ( #aj degrees = e #cjj feet ( elevation1 & v>i\s computations1 z1 = example1 ^? :i* relate to ! co-effici5t ( refraction1 h be5 f\nd$ on ?is basis2 b ,mr4 ,glai%] soon e/abli%$ t ! above g5]alisation _h to be mu* modifi$4 ,! foll[+1 ga!r$ f 8 notes is a typical example ( su* surprises z ! a]onaut ) due in/rum5tal equipm5t may n unfrequ5tly meet )4 ,x 0 ! #ab? ( ,janu>y1 #ahfd1 ) an air-curr5t on ! gr\nd f ! ,s4,e41 ( temp]ature #da degrees11 :i* v sl[ly decreas$ up to #a1fjj feet :5 a w>m ,s4,w4 curr5t 0 met )1 & at #c1jjj feet ! temp]ature 0 #c #a_/b degrees high] ?an on ! e>?4 ,above ! ,s4,w4 /ream ! air became dry1 & "h ! temp]ature decreas$ reasonably & consi/5tly ) altitude2 :ile f9e sn[ 0 f\nd fall+ out ( ?is upp] space into ! w>m] /ream bel[4 ,mr4 ,glai%] discusses ! peculi>ity & =mation ( ?is /ream 9 t]ms :i* w repay consid]ation4 ,! meet+ ) ?is ,s4,w4 curr5t is ( ! highe/ importance1 = x goes f> to expla9 :y ,engl& possesses a w9t] temp]ature s mu* high] ?an is due to h] nor!rn latitude4 ,our high w9t] temp]ature has hi!rto be5 mo/ly ref]r$ to ! influ5ce ( ! ,gulf ,/ream4 ,)\t d\bt+ ! influ5ce ( ?is natural ag5t1 x is necess>y to add ! effect ( a p>allel atmosph]ic curr5t to ! oceanic curr5t com+ f ! same region--a true a]ial ,gulf ,/ream4 ,?is great en]getic curr5t meets ) no ob/ruction 9 com+ to u1 or to ,norway1 b passes ov] ! level ,atlantic )\t int]ruption f m\nta9s4 ,x _c1 h[ev]1 rea* ,france )\t cross+ ,spa9 & ! l(ty range ( ! ,pyr5ees1 & ! effect ( ^! cold m\nta9s 9 r$uc+ its temp]ature is s great t ! =m] c\ntry d]ives b little w>m? f x4 ,an asc5t f ,woolwi*1 arrang$ z ne> ! equ9ox ( t ye> z c\ld be manag$1 suppli$ "s fur!r rem>kable results4 ,! temp]ature1 :i* 0 #de degrees to beg9 )1 at #d4g p4m41 crept d[n fairly /eadily till #d1jjj feet altitude 0 regi/]$1 :51 9 a region ( w>m fog1 x comm5c$ ris+ abruptly1 & at #g1ejj feet1 9 blue sky1 /ood at ! same read+ z :5 ! balloon _h ris5 only #a1ejj feet4 ,!n1 amid _m anomal\s vicissitudes1 ! mo/ curi\s1 p]haps1 0 t record$ late 9 ! aft]noon1 :51 at #aj1jjj feet1 ! air 0 actually w>m] ?an :5 ! asc5t began4 ,t ! temp]ature ( ! upp] air commonly comm5ces to rise aft] nightfall z ! w>m? radiat$ ?r\gh day h\rs (f ! e>? collects al(t1 is a fact well kn[n to ! ballooni/1 & ,mr4 ,glai%] c>ri$ out ) consid]able success a well-arrang$ programme = inve/igat+ ! facts ( ! case4 ,/>t+ f ,w9dsor on an aft]noon ( late ,may1 he s arrang$ matt]s t 8 dep>ture f e>? took place ab\t an h\r & ?ree qu>t]s be=e sunset1 8 int5tion be+ to rise to a def9ite height1 & ) z uni=m a spe$ z possible to "t 8 desc5t s z to rea* e>? at ! mom5t ( sund[n2 & !n to re-asc5d & desc5d aga9 m a precisely simil> mann] dur+ an h\r & ?ree-qu>t]s aft] sunset1 tak+ obs]vations all ! way4 ,asc5d+ = ! fir/ flight1 he left a temp]ature ( #eh degrees on ! e>?1 & f\nd x #ee degrees at #a1bjj feet1 !n #dc degrees at #c1fjj feet1 & #bi #a_/b degrees at ! culm9at+ po9t ( #f1bjj feet4 ,!n1 dur+ ! desc5t1 ! temp]ature increas$1 ?\gh n uni=mly1 till he 0 ne>ly bru%+ ! tops ( ! trees1 :]e x 0 "s #c degrees cold] ?an at />t+4 ,x 0 n[ t ! balloon1 %[+ a little wayw>dness1 slightly upset a portion ( ! exp]im5t1 =1 in/ead ( gett+ to ! neighb\rhood ( e>? j at ! mom5t ( sunset1 ! travell]s f\nd !mselves at t epo* #fjj feet above ! gr\nd1 & ov] ! ridge ( a hill1 on pass+ :i* ! balloon became suck$ d[n ) a d[n draught1 necessitat+ a lib]al dis*>ge ( s& to prev5t contact ) ! gr\nd4 ,?is circum/ance1 slight 9 itself1 caus$ ! l[e/ po9t ( ! desc5t to be rea*$ "s m9utes late1 &1 /ill m un=tunate1 occasion$ ! asc5t :i* imm$iately foll[$ to be a rapid "o1 too rapid1 d\btless1 to give ! regi/]+ in/rum5ts a fair *ance2 b "o pr9cipal record aim$ at 0 obta9$ at lea/ ) suffici5t tru?1 namely1 t at ! culm9at+ po9t1 :i* aga9 0 #f1bjj feet1 ! temp]ature read #ce degrees1 or ab\t #f degrees w>m] ?an :5 ! balloon 0 at ! same altitude a little m ?an an h\r be=e4 ,?is comp>atively w>m temp]ature 0 practically ma9ta9$ = a consid]able portion ( ! desc5t4 ,we may summ>ise ! pr9cipal ( ,mr4 ,glai%]'s g5]alisations ?us1 us+ z ne>ly z possible 8 own words3-- ,! decrease ( temp]ature1 ) increase ( elevation1 has a diurnal range1 & dep5ds ^u ! h\r ( ! day1 ! *anges be+ ! greate/ at mid-day & ! e>ly "p ( ! aft]noon1 & decreas+ to ab\t sunset1 :51 ) a cle> sky1 !re is little or no *ange ( temp]ature = sev]al hundr$ feet f ! e>?2 :il/1 ) a cl\dy sky1 ! *ange decreases f ! mid-day h\rs at a less rapid rate to ab\t sunset1 :5 ! decrease is ne>ly uni=m & at ! rate ( #a degree 9 #b1jjj feet4 ,air curr5ts diff]+ 9 direction are almo/ always to be met )4 ,! ?icknesses ( ^! 7 f\nd to v>y greatly4 ,! direction ( ! w9d on ! e>? 0 sometimes t ( ! :ole mass ( air up to #bj1jjj feet ne>ly1 :il/ at o!r times ! direction *ang$ )9 #ejj feet ( ! e>? ,sometimes directly opposite curr5ts 7 met )4 ,) reg>d to ! velocity ( upp] curr5ts1 z %[n by ! travel ( balloons1 :5 ! di/ances betwe5 ! places ( asc5t & desc5t are measur$1 x 0 always f\nd t ^! di/ances 7 v mu* great] ?an ! horizontal movem5t ( ! air1 z measur$ by anemomet]s ne> ! gr\nd4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,"s ,,fam\s ,,fr5* ,,a]onauts4 ,by ?is p]iod a revival ( a]onautics 9 ! l& ( its bir? _h fairly set 94 ,s9ce ! la/ asc5ts ( ,gay ,lussac1 9 #ahjd1 already record$1 !re _h be5 a lull 9 balloon+ ent]prise 9 ,france1 & no s]i\s sci5tific exp$itions are record$ until ! ye> #ahej1 :5 ,,mm4 ,b>al & ,bixio und]took "s inve/igations respect+ ! upp] air1 :i* 7 to deal ) its laws ( temp]ature & humidity1 ) ! proportion ( c>bonic acid pres5t 9 x1 ) sol> heat at diff]5t altitudes1 ) radiation & ! pol>isation ( light1 & c]ta9 o!r int]e/+ enquiries4 ,! fir/ asc5t1 made 9 ,june f ! ,p>is ,obs]vatory1 ?\gh a l(ty "o1 0 att5d$ ) s mu* dang] & confusion z to be b>r5 ( results4 ,! dep>ture1 ow+ to /ormy wea!r1 0 hurri$ & illord]$1 s t ! velocity 9 ris+ 0 excessive1 ! net con/rict$ ! rapidly-swell+ globe1 & ! volumes ( out-ru%+ gas half-suffocat$ ! voyag]s4 ,!n a l>ge r5t occurr$1 :i* caus$ an al>m+ly rapid fall1 & ! two philosoph]s 7 r$uc$ to ! necessity ( fl++ away all !y possess$1 _! in/rum5ts only except$4 ,! l&+1 9 a v9ey>d1 0 happily n att5d$ ) disa/]1 & )9 a mon? ! same two colleagues attempt$ a second a]ial excursion1 aga9 9 wet wea!r4 ,x w\ld seem z if on ?is occasion1 z on ! =m] "o1 !re 0 "s lack ( due managem5t1 = ! c>1 susp5d$ at a long di/ance f ! balloon prop]1 acquir$ viol5t oscillations on leav+ ! gr\nd1 & da%+ fir/ aga9/ a tree1 & !n aga9/ a ma/1 broke "s ( ! in/rum5ts4 ,a little lat] !re occurr$ a repetition on a m9or scale ( ! a]onauts' previ\s mi%ap1 = a r5t appe>$ 9 ! silk1 ?\gh1 luckily1 s l[ d[n 9 ! balloon z to be ( small consequ5ce1 & ev5tually an altitude ( "s #ai1jjj feet 0 atta9$4 ,at "o "t ne$les ( ice 7 enc\nt]$ settl+ abundantly ) a crackl+ s\nd ^u _! notebooks4 ,b ! mo/ rem>kable obs]vation made dur+ ?is voyage relat$ to an extraord9>y fall ( temp]ature :i*1 z record$1 is )\t p>allel4 ,x took place 9 a cl\d mass1 #ae1jjj feet ?ick1 & am\nt$ to a drop ( f #ae degrees to -#ci degrees4 ,9 #ahfg ,m4 ,c4 ,flamm>ion made a few balloon asc5ts1 o/5sibly = sci5tific rese>*4 ,8 acc\nt ( ^!1 translat$ by ,dr4 ,t4 ,l4 ,phipson1 is edit$ by ,mr4 ,glai%]1 & _m ( ! exp]i5ces he relates w be f\nd to contra/ ) ^? ( o!rs4 ,8 physical symptoms alone 7 rem>kable1 = on "o occasion1 at an altitude ( app>5tly little ov] #aj1jjj feet1 he became unwell be+ affect$ ) a s5sation ( dr[s9ess1 palpitation1 %ortness ( brea?1 & s++ 9 ! e>s1 :i*1 aft] l&+ gave place to a fit ( incessant gap+ :ile he /ates t 9 lat] voyages1 at b slightly great] altitudes1 8 ?roat & lungs became affect$1 & he 0 tr\bl$ ) pres5ce ( blood ^u ! lips4 ,?is draws =? a footnote f ,mr4 ,glai%]1 :i* %\ld be comm5d$ to all w\ld-be sky voyag]s4 ,x runs ?us3--,i h nev] exp]i5c$ any ( ^! effects till ,i _h long pass$ ! heights rea*$ by ,m4 ,flamm>ion1 & at no elevation 0 !re ! pres5ce ( blood4 ,h[ev]1 ,m4 ,flamm>ion adduces1 at lea/1 "o reassur+ fact1 :i* w be read ) int]e/4 ,once1 hav+1 aga9/ ! entreaties ( 8 fri5ds1 asc5d$ ) an attack ( influ5za ^u him1 he came d[n to e>? aga9 an h\r or two aft]w>ds ) ?is tr\blesome compla9t completely cur$4 ,x w\ld seem z if ! soil ( ,france suppli$ ! a]onaut ) c]ta9 ph5om5a n kn[n 9 ,engl&1 "o ( ^! app>5tly be+ ! occasional pres5ce ( butt]flies hov]+ r\nd ! c> :5 at consid]able heights4 ,m4 ,flamm>ion m5tions m ?an "o occasion :5 he ?us saw !m1 & f\nd !m to be )\t s5se ( al>m at ! balloon or its pass5g]s4 ,aga91 ! ,fr5* obs]v] seems seldom to h detect$ ^? opposite air/reams :i* ,engli% ballooni/s may frequ5tly obs]ve1 & h su* cause to be w>y (4 ,8 words1 z translat$1 are3--,x appe>s to me t two or m curr5ts1 fl[+ 9 diff]5t directions1 are v r>ely met ) z we rise 9 ! air1 & :5 two lay]s ( cl\d appe> to travel 9 opposite directions ! effect is g5]ally caus$ by ! motion ( "o lay] be+ m rapid ?an ! o!r1 :5 ! latt] appe>s to be mov+ 9 a contr>y direction4 ,9 cont9uation ( ^! exp]i5ces1 he speaks ( an occasion :51 spe$+ ?r\gh ! air at ! rate ( an ord9>y express tra91 he 0 drawn t[>ds a tempe/ by a species ( attraction4 ,! ,fr5* a]onaut's e/imate ( :at con/itutes a t]rific rate ( fall diff]s some:at f t ( o!rs ^: te/imony we h be5 record+4 ,9 "o desc5t1 fall+ 7)\t rea*+ e>?1 h[ev]7 a di/ance ( #b1acj feet 9 two m9utes1 he describes ! e>? ris+ up ) frightful rapidity1 ?\gh1 z w be obs]v$1 ?is is n ne>ly half ! spe$ at :i* ei!r ,mr4 ,glai%] or ,alb]t ,smi? & 8 companions 7 precipitat$ on to b>e gr\nd4 ,v _m cases :i* we h cit$ g to %[ t ! k ( ! great ela/icity ( a well-made wick] c> may rob a fall o!rwise al>m+ ( its t]rors1 :ile ! practical c]ta9ty t a balloon desc5d+ headlong w =m itself into a natural p>a*ute1 if prop]ly manag$1 r$uces enorm\sly ! risk att5d+ any m]e impact ) e>?4 ,x w be all[$ by all exp]i5c$ a]onauts t f> worse *ances lie 9 "s awkw>d alight+ gr\nd1 or 9 ! dragg+ aga9/ dang]\s ob/acles aft] ! balloon has fall54 ,_m ( ,m4 ,flamm>ion's exp]im5ts are rem>kable = _! simplicity4 ,inde$1 9 "s cases he w\ld seem to h appli$ himself to mak+ trials ! result ( :i* c\ld n h be5 s]i\sly que/ion$4 ,! foll[+1 quot+ f ,dr4 ,phipson's translation1 w s]ve z an example3-- ,ano!r me*anical exp]im5t 0 made 9 ! ev5+1 & r5ew$ next day4 ,i wi%$ to v]ify ,galileo's pr9ciple ( ! indep5d5ce ( simultane\s motions4 ,accord+ to ?is pr9ciple1 a body :i* is all[$ to fall f ano!r body 9 motion p>ticipates 9 ! motion ( ! latt]2 ?us1 if we drop a m>ble f ! ma/head ( a %ip1 x pres]ves dur+ its fall ! rate ( motion ( ! vessel1 & falls at ! foot ( ! ma/ z if ! %ip 7 /ill4 ,n[1 if a body falls f a balloon1 does x also foll[ ! motion ( ! latt]1 or does x fall directly to ! e>? 9 a l9e :i* is p]p5dicul> to ! po9t at :i* we let x fall8 ,9 ! fir/ case its fall w\ld be describ$ by an oblique l9e4 ,! latt] 0 f\nd to be ! fact1 z we prov$ by lett+ a bottle fall4 ,dur+ its desc5t x p>takes ( ! balloon's motion1 & until x rea*es ! e>? is always se5 p]p5dicul>ly bel[ ! c>4 ,an int]e/+ ph5om5on1 relat+ to ! =mation ( fog 0 witness$ by ,m4 ,flamm>ion 9 "o ( 8 voyages4 ,he 0 fly+ l[ ) a fa/ w9d1 & :ile trav]s+ a =e/ he notic$ "h & !re pat*es ( light cl\ds1 :i*1 rema9+ motionless 9 defiance ( ! /rong w9d1 cont9u$ to hang above ! summits ( ! trees4 ,! explanation ( ?is c h>dly be d\btful1 be+ analog\s to ! =mation ( a night-cap on a m\nta9 peak :]e w>m moi/ air-curr5ts become *ill$ aga9/ ! cold rock surface1 =m+1 mom5t>ily1 a pat* ( cl\d :i*1 ?\gh con/antly be+ bl[n away1 is z con/antly re-=m$1 & ?us is made to appe> z if /ation>y4 ,! above in/ructive ph5om5on c\ld h>dly h be5 notic$ save by an a]onaut1 & ! same may be said ( ! foll[+4 ,pass+ 9 a cle> sky ov] ! spot :]e ! ,m>ne fl[s into ! ,se9e1 ,m4 ,flamm>ion notes t ! wat] ( ! ,m>ne1 :i*1 z he says1 is z yell[ n[ z x 0 9 ! "t ( ,julius ,caes>1 does n mix ) ! gre5 wat] ( ! ,se9e1 :i* fl[s to ! left ( ! curr5t1 nor ) ! blue wat] ( ! canal1 :i* fl[s to ! "r4 ,?us1 a yell[ riv] 0 se5 fl[+ betwe5 two di/9ct brooks1 gre5 & blue respectively4 ,"h 0 optical evid5ce ( ! way 9 :i* /reams ( wat] :i* actually unite may cont9ue to ma9ta9 indep5d5t c\rses4 ,we h se5 t ! same is true ( /reams ( air1 &1 :]e ^! trav]se "o ano!r 9 a copi\s & complex mann]1 we f9d1 z w be %[n1 conditions produc$ t cause a great dead5+ ( s\nd2 ?us1 great diff]5ces 9 ! travel ( s\nd 9 ! sil5t upp] air c be notic$ on diff]5t days1 &1 inde$1 9 diff]5t p]iods ( ! same a]ial voyage4 ,m4 ,flamm>ion be>s und5iable te/imony to ! mann] 9 :i* ! equable condition ( ! atmosph]e att5d+ fog enhances1 to ! a]onaut1 ! he>+ ( s\nds f bel[4 ,b :5 he gives def9ite heights z ! range limits ( def9ite s\nds x mu/ be und]/ood t ^! ranges w be f\nd to v>y greatly accord+ to circum/ances4 ,?us1 :]e x is /at$ t a man's voice may make itself he>d at #c1bee feet1 x might be add$ t sometimes x _c be he>d at a consid]ably less altitude2 &1 aga91 ! /atem5t t ! :i/le ( a locomotive rises to ne> #aj1jjj feet1 & ! noise ( a railway tra9 to #h1bjj feet1 %\ld be qualifi$ an additional note to ! effect t bo? may be occasionally he>d at di/ances va/ly great]4 ,b p]haps ! mo/ curi\s obs]vation ( ,m4 ,flamm>ion respect+ s\nds al(t relates to t ( e*o4 ,to 8 fancy1 ?is _h a vague dep?1 appe>+ also to rise f ! horizon ) a curi\s tone1 z if x came f ano!r _w4 ,to ! writ]1 on ! contr>y1 & to _m fell[ obs]v]s :o h specially exp]im5t$ ) ?is te/ ( s\nd1 ! e*o has always appe>$ to come v mu* f ! "r place--! spot ne>ly imm$iately bel[--& if ?is sugge/$ its com+ f ano!r _w !n ! same w\ld h to be said ( all e*oes g5]ally4 ,ab\t ! same p]iod :5 ,m4 ,flamm>ion 0 conduct+ 8 e>ly asc5ts1 ,,mm4 de ,fonvielle & ,tiss&i] emb>k$ on exp]im5tal voyages1 :i* des]ve "s p>ticul> notice4 ,int]e/ 9 ! new revival ( ! art ( a]onautics 0 manife/ly be com+ ree/abli%$ 9 ,france1 & ?\gh we f9d en?usia/s m ?an once bitt]ly compla9+ ( ! lack ( f9ancial assi/ance1 /ill balloon+ exhibitions1 :]ev] accompli%$1 nev] fail$ to ar\se popul> appreciation4 ,b en?usiasm 0 by no means ! univ]sal attitude ) :i* ! _w reg>d$ a]ial ent]prise4 ,a rem>kable & in/ructive in/ance is giv5 to ! contr>y by ,m4 ,w4 de ,fonvielle himself4 ,he records an orig9al balloon+ exploit1 organis$ at ,algi]s1 :i* "o might h suppos$ w\ld h caus$ a great s5sation1 & to :i* he himself _h call$ public att5tion 9 ! local j\rnals4 ,! bro!rs ,braguet 7 to make an asc5t f ! ,mu/apha ,pla9 9 a small fire balloon heat$ ) burn+ /raw1 & ?is risky p]=mance 0 successfully c>ri$ out by ! ent]pris+ a]onauts4 ,b1 to ! onlook]1 ! mo/ /rik+ feature ( ! proce$+ 0 ! fact t :ile ! ,europeans pres5t reg>d$ ! spectacle ) curiosity & pleasure1 ! native ,mussulmans did n appe> to take ! slighte/ int]e/ 9 x2 ,& ?is1 rem>k$ de ,fonvielle1 0 n ! fir/ "t t ignorant & fanatic p h be5 not$ z manife/+ complete indiff]5ce to balloon asc5ts4 ,aft] ! tak+ ( ,cairo1 :5 ,g5]al ,buonap>te wi%$ to produce an effect ^u ! inhabitants1 he n only made !m a spee*1 b supplem5t$ x ) ! asc5t ( a fire balloon4 ,! attempt 0 a complete failure1 = ! ,fr5* alone look$ up to ! cl\ds to see :at became ( ! balloon4 ,9 ! summ] ( #ahfg an attempt 0 made to revive ! long ext9ct ,a]onautic ,company ( ,france1 e/abli%$ by ,de ,guyton4 ,! und]tak+ 0 work$ ) consid]able en]gy4 ,"s =ty or fifty active recruits 7 press$ into ! s]vice1 a suitable captive balloon 0 obta9$1 ?\s&s ( spectators came to wat* ! evolutions2 & _m 7 f\nd to pay ! h&some fee ( #ajj francs = a %ort excursion 9 ! air4 ,= all ?is1 ! ef=t 0 entirely abortive1 & ! balloon+ corps1 z su*1 dropp$ out ( exi/5ce4 ,a little :ile aft] ?is de ,fonvielle1 on a visit to ,engl&1 _h a mo/ pa!tic int]view ) ! vet]an ,*>les ,gre51 :o 0 liv+ 9 com=table retirem5t at ,upp] ,holl[ay4 ,! gr& old man po9t$ to a well-fill$ portfolio 9 ! corn] ( 8 room1 9 :i*1 he said1 7 acc\nts ( all 8 travels1 t w\ld require a lifetime to p]use & put 9 ord]4 ,gre5 !n took 8 visitor to ! end ( ! n>r[ c\rt1 &1 op5+ ! door ( an ou?\se1 %[$ him ! old ,nassau balloon4 ,"h is my c>1 he said1 t\*+ x ) a k9d ( solemn respect1 :i*1 l its old pilot1 n[ reposes quietly aft] a long & active c>e]4 ,"h is ! guide rope :i* ,i imag9$ 9 =m] ye>s1 & :i* has be5 f\nd v useful to a]onauts4444 ,n[ my life has pa/ & my "t has gone by4444 ,?\gh my hair is :ite & my body too weak to help y1 ,i c /ill give y my advice1 & y h my he>ty wi%es = y\r future4 ,x 0 b %ortly aft] ?is1 on ,m>* #bf1 #ahgj1 t ,*>les ,gre5 pass$ away 9 ! #he? ye> ( 8 age4 ,de ,fonvielle's colleague1 ,m4 ,ga/on ,tiss&i]1 0 on "o occasion accid5tally br\ght to visit ! re/+ place ( ! e>lie/ among a]onauts1 ^: tragic dea? occurr$ :ile ,*>les ,gre5 himself 0 yet a boy4 ,9 a /ormy & haz>d\s desc5t ,tiss&i]1 "u ! guidance ( ,m4 ,duru(1 l&$ ) difficulty on ! sea coa/ ( ,france1 :5 "o ( ! fir/ to r5d] help 0 a lightkeep] ( ! ,griz-nez ligh?\se1 :o gave ! in=mation t on ! o!r side ( ! hills1 a few hundr$ y>ds f ! spot :]e !y _h l&$1 0 ! tomb ( ,pilatre de ,rozi]1 ^: tragical dea? has be5 record$ 9 an e>ly *apt]4 ,a visit to ! actual locality ! next day reveal$ ! fact t a humble /one /ill m>k$ ! spot4 ,c]ta9 sci5tific facts & memor&a collect$ by ! tal5t$ ,fr5* a]onaut :om we are foll[+ are too int]e/+ to be omitt$4 ,9 ! same j\rney to :i* we h j ref]r$ ! voyag]s1 :5 ne>ly ov] ,calais1 7 witnesses f _! comm&+ /&po9t ( a v /rik+ ph5om5on ( mirage4 ,look+ 9 ! direction ( ,engl&1 ! f> coa/ l9e 0 hidd5 by an imm5se veil ( lead5-col\r$ cl\d1 &1 foll[+ ?is cl\d wall upw>d to detect :]e x t]m9at$1 ! travell]s saw above x a gre5i% lay] l t ( ! surface ( ! sea1 on :i* 0 detect$ a little black po9t sugge/+ a walnut %ell4 ,fix+ _! eyes on ?is black spot1 !y pres5tly disc]n$ x to be a %ip sail+ upside d[n ^u an a]ial ocean4 ,soon aft]1 a /eam] bl[+ smoke1 & !n o!r vessels1 add$ !mselves to ! illusory spectacle4 ,ano!r wond] detect$1 equally /rik+ ?\gh less uncommon1 0 ( an ac\/ical nature1 ! locality ?is "t be+ ov] ,p>is4 ,! height ( ! balloon at ?is mom5t 0 n great1 &1 moreov]1 0 dim9i%+ z x settl$ d[n4 ,sudd5ly !re broke 9 ^u ! voyag]s a s\nd z ( a confus$ k9d ( murmur4 ,x 0 n unlike ! di/ant break+ ( waves aga9/ a s&y coa/1 & sc>cely less monoton\s4 ,x 0 ! noise ( ,p>is t rea*$ !m1 z soon z !y sank to )9 #b1fjj feet ( ! gr\nd1 b x disappe>$ at once :5 !y ?rew out j suffici5t balla/ to rise above t altitude4 ,x might appe> to _m t s /range & sudd5 a %utt+ out ( a va/ s\nd occurr+ abruptly 9 ! free upp] air mu/ h be5 m imag9>y ?an real1 yet ! ph5om5on is almo/ precisely simil> to "o com+ )9 ! exp]i5ce ! writ]1 & v\*$ = by 8 son & daught]1 z also by ,mr4 ,p]cival ,sp5c]1 all ( :om 7 jo9t obs]v]s at ! "t1 ! ma9 po9t ( diff]5ce 9 ! two cases be+ ! fact t ! region ( sil5ce 0 record$ by ! ,fr5* obs]v]s z occurr+ at a some:at l[] level4 ,9 bo? cases !re is little d\bt t ! ph5om5on c be ref]r$ to a /ratum ( di/urb$ or non-homog5e\s air1 :i* may h be5 v f> spread1 & :i* is capable ( act+ z a mo/ opaque s\nd b>ri]4 ,att5tion has (t5 be5 call$ 9 ^! pages to ! fact t ! action ( ! sun on an inflat$ balloon1 ev5 :5 ! sol> rays may be p>tially obscur$ & only op]ative = a few pass+ mom5ts1 is to give sudd5 & great buoyancy to ! balloon4 ,an admirable opportunity = fairly e/imat+ ! dynamic effect ( ! sun's rays on a silk globe1 ^: fabric 0 half transluc5t1 0 (f]$ to ! ,fr5* a]onauts :5 _! balloon 0 spread on ! grass "u repair1 & = ?is purpose inflat$ ) ! circumambi5t air by means ( a simple rotatory fan4 ,! sun com+ out1 ! int]ior ( ! globe quickly became suffocat+1 & x 0 f\nd t1 :ile ! ext]nal temp]ature record$ #gg degrees1 t ( ! int]ior 0 9 excess ( #ia degrees4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,adv5ture ,,& ,,ent]prise4 ,a balloon :i* has become fam\s 9 hi/ory 0 frequ5tly us$ 9 ! rese>*es ( ! ,fr5* a]onauts m5tion$ 9 our la/ *apt]4 ,?is 0 kn[n z ,! ,giant1 ! creation ( ,m4 ,nad>1 a progressive & practical a]onaut1 :o _h always ent]ta9$ ambiti\s ideas ab\t a]ial travel4 ,m4 ,nad> _h be5 editor ( ,l',a]onaut1 a ,fr5* j\rnal devot$ to ! advancem5t ( a]o/ation g5]ally4 ,he _h also /rongly express$ 8 own views respect+ ! possibility ( con/ruct+ air %ips t %\ld be subject to control & guidance :5 w9ds 7 bl[+4 ,8 great cont5tion 0 t ! dirigible air %ip w\ld1 l a bird1 h to be made heavi] ?an ! m$ium 9 :i* x 0 to fly4 ,z he put x1 a balloon c\ld nev] prop]ly become a vessel4 ,x w\ld only be a buoy4 ,9 spite ( any numb] ( accessories1 paddles1 w+s1 fans1 sails1 x c\ld n possibly prev5t ! w9d f bodily c>ry+ away ! :ole conc]n4 ,aft] ?is /rong expression ( op9ion1 x may appe> some:at /range t su* a bold !oris] %\ld at once h set himself to con/ruct ! l>ge/ gas balloon on record4 ,su*1 h[ev]1 0 ! case & ! reason urg$ 0 n o!rwise ?an plausible4 ,=1 see+ t a va/ sum ( money w\ld be ne$$ to put 8 !ories into practice1 ,m4 ,nad> conceiv$ ! idea ( fir/ con/ruct+ a balloon s unique & unrivall$ t x %\ld compel public att5tion 9 a way t no o!r balloon _h done be=e1 & s by popul> exhibitions br+ to 8 h& su* sums z he requir$4 ,a prop] idea ( ! scale ( ?is huge ma*9e c be easily ga!r$4 ,! l>ge/ balloons at pres5t exhibit$ 9 ?is c\ntry are seldom mu* 9 excess ( #ej1jjj cubic feet capacity4 ,comp>$ ) ^! ! ,great ,nassau ,balloon1 built by ,*>les ,gre51 :i* has be5 already suffici5tly describ$1 0 a true levia?an2 :ile ,coxwell's ,mammo? 0 l>g] yet1 possess+ a cont5t1 :5 fully inflat$1 ( no less ?an #ic1jjj cubic feet1 & measur+ ov] #ee feet 9 diamet]4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 z w be se51 0 b a m]e pigmy :5 comp>$ ) ,! ,giant1 :i*1 measur+ "s #gd feet 9 diamet]1 possess$ ! prodigi\s capacity ( #bae1jjj cubic feet4 ,b ! huge craft possess$ ano!r novelty besides t ( exceptional size4 ,x 0 provid$ ) a subsidi>y balloon1 call$ ! ,comp5sator1 & prop]ly ! idea ( ,m4 ,l4 ,god>d1 ! function ( :i* 0 to receive any expulsion ( gas 9 asc5d+1 & ?us to prev5t loss dur+ any voyage4 ,! specification ( ?is really rem>kable /ructure may be tak5 f ,m4 ,nad>'s own description4 ,! globe 9 itself 0 = great] /r5g? virtually d\ble1 consi/+ ( two id5tical balloons1 "o )9 ! o!r1 ea* made ( :ite silk ( ! f9e/ quality1 & co/+ ab\t #es4 #d;d4 p] y>d4 ,no less ?an #bb1jjj y>ds ( ?is silk 7 requir$1 & ! sew+ up ( ! gores 0 entirely done by h&4 ,! small comp5sat+ balloon 0 con/ruct$ to h a capacity ( ab\t #c1ejj cubic feet1 & ! :ole ma*9e1 :5 fully inflat$1 0 calculat$ to lift #d #a_/b tons4 ,) ?is enorm\s m>g9 ( buoyancy1 ,m4 ,nad> det]m9$ on mak+ ! c> ( proportionate & unp>allel$ dim5sions1 & ( mo/ elaborate design4 ,x conta9$ two floors1 ( :i* ! upp] "o 0 op51 ! height ( all be+ ne>ly #g feet1 ) a wid? ( ab\t #ac feet4 ,!n :at 0 ?\ght to be due provision 0 made = possible em]g5cies4 ,x might desc5d f> f help or habitations1 !re=e means 7 provid$ = atta*+ :eels & axles4 ,aga91 ! *ance ( r\gh impact _h to be consid]$1 & s canes1 to act z spr+s1 7 fitt$ ar\nd & bel[4 ,once aga91 !re 0 ! cont+5cy ( imm]sion to be reckon$ )2 !re=e !re 7 provid$ buoys & wat]-tight comp>tm5ts4 ,fur!r ?an ?is1 unusual luxuries 7 add$1 = !re 7 cab9s1 "o = ! capta9 at "o end1 & ano!r ) ?ree b]?s = pass5g]s at ! o!r4 ,nor 0 ?is all1 = !re 01 9 addition1 a l>d]1 a lavatory1 a photographic room1 & a pr9t+ (fice4 ,x rema9s n[ only to tell ! tale ( h[ ?is levia?an ( ! air acquitt$ itself4 ,! fir/ asc5t 0 made on ! #d? ( ,octob]1 #ahec1 f ! ,*amp de ,m>s1 & no few] ?an fifte5 liv+ s\ls 7 laun*$ toge!r into ! sky4 ,( ^! ,nad> 0 capta91 ) ! bro!rs ,god>d lieut5ants4 ,!re 0 ! ,pr9ce de ,sayn-,wittg5/e92 !re 0 ! ,c\nt de ,/4 ,m>t92 above all1 !re 0 a lady1 ! ,pr9cess de la ,t\r d',auv]gne4 ,! balloon came to e>? at #i o'clock at night ne> ,meaux1 &1 consid]+ all ! provision :i* _h be5 made to gu>d aga9/ r\gh l&+1 x c h>dly be said t ! desc5t 0 a happy "o4 ,x appe>s t ! c> dragg$ on its side = ne>ly a mile1 & ! pass5g]s1 f> f f9d+ security 9 ! seclusion ( ! inn] *amb]s1 7 glad to clamb] out above & cl+1 z be/ !y might1 to ! ropes4 ,_m ( ! p>ty 7 bruis$ m or less sev]ely1 ?\gh no "o 0 s]i\sly injur$1 & x 0 report$ t su* fragile articles z crock]y1 cakes1 confection]y1 & w9e bottles to ! numb] ( no less ?an ?irty-sev51 7 aft]w>ds discov]$ to be intact1 & receiv$ due att5tion4 ,x is fur!r /at$ t ! desc5t 0 decid$ on contr>y to ! wi%es ( ! capta91 b 9 def]5ce to ! judgm5t ( ! exp]i5c$ ,,mm4 ,god>d1 x be+ app>5tly _! conviction t ! balloon 0 head+ out to sea1 :]eas1 9 reality1 !y 7 go+ due ea/1 ) no sea at all be=e !m ne>] ?an ! ,caspian4 ,?is 0 c]ta9ly an unpropiti\s trial trip = ! vessel t _h s ambiti\sly s\ght dom9ion ov] ! air1 & ! next trial1 :i* 0 emb>k$ ^u a =tnight lat]1 ,sunday1 ,octob] #ah?1 0 h>dly less un=tunate4 ,aga9 ! asc5t 0 f ! ,*amp de ,m>s1 & ! s5d-(f lack$ no?+ 9 ! way ( spl5d\r & circum/ance4 ,! ,emp]or 0 pres5t1 = two h\rs an int]e/$ obs]v] ( ! proce$+s2 ! ,k+ ( ,greece also att5d$1 & ev5 ent]$ ! c>1 :ile ano!r fam\s spectator 0 ! popul> ,mey]be]4 ,! ,giant fir/ gave a prelim9>y demon/ration ( 8 p[] by tak+ up1 = a cable's l5g?1 a liv+ freight ( "s ?irty individuals1 & !n1 at #e4aj p4m41 />t$ on its second free voyage1 ) n9e s\ls on bo>d1 among !m aga9 be+ a lady1 9 ! p]son ( ,madame ,nad>4 ,= ne>ly tw5ty-f\r h\rs no tid+s ( ! voyage 7 =?com+1 :5 a telegram 0 receiv$ /at+ t ! balloon _h pass$ ov] ,compiegne1 m ?an sev5ty miles f ,p>is1 at #h4cj on ! previ\s ev5+1 & t ,nad> _h dropp$ ! simple message1 ,all goes well6 ,a lat] telegram ! same ev5+ /at$ t ! balloon _h at midnight on ,sunday pass$ ! ,belgian fronti] ov] ,erquel9es1 :]e ! ,cu/om ,h\se (ficials _h *all5g$ ! travell]s )\t receiv+ an answ]4 ,b eight-&-=ty h\rs s9ce ! />t w5t by )\t fur!r news1 & excitem5t 9 ,p>is grew int5se4 ,:5 ! news came at la/ x 0 f ,brem51 to say t ,nad>'s balloon _h desc5d$ at ,ey/rup1 ,hanov]1 ) five ( ! pass5g]s injur$1 ?ree s]i\sly4 ,^! ?ree 7 ,m4 ,nad>1 8 wife1 & ,m4 ,/4 ,felix4 ,m4 ,nad>1 9 communicat+ ?is intellig5ce1 add$1 ,we owe our lives to ! c\rage ( ,jules ,god>d4 ,! foll[+ sign$ te/imony ( ,m4 ,l\is ,god>d is =?com+1 & z x ref]s to an occasion :i* is among ! mo/ ?rill+ 9 a]ial adv5ture1 x may well be giv5 )\t abridgm5t4 ,x is "h transcrib$ almo/ lit]atim f ,mr4 ,h4 ,turn]'s valuable "w1 ,a/ra ,ca/ra4 ,! ,giant1 aft] pass+ ,lisle1 proce$$ 9 ! direction ( ,belgium1 :]e a fre% curr5t1 com+ f ! ,*annel1 drove x ov] ! m>%es ( ,holl&4 ,x 0 !re t ,m4 ,l\is ,god>d propos$ to desc5d to await ! break ( day1 9 ord] to recognise ! situation & aga9 to dep>t4 ,x 0 "o 9 ! morn+1 ! night 0 d>k1 b ! wea!r calm4 ,un=tunately1 ?is advice1 support$ by long exp]i5ce1 0 n li/5$ to4 ,! ,giant w5t on its way1 & !n ,l\is ,god>d no long] consid]$ himself responsible = ! consequ5ces ( ! voyage4 ,! balloon coa/$ ! ,zuyd] ,zee1 & !n ent]$ ,hanov]4 ,! sun began to appe>1 dry+ ! nett+ & sides ( ! balloon1 wet f its passage ?r\gh ! cl\ds1 & produc$ a dilatation :i* elevat$ ! a]onauts to #ae1jjj feet4 ,at eight o'clock ! w9d1 bl[+ sudd5ly f ! we/1 drove ! balloon 9 a "r l9e t[>ds ! ,nor? ,sea4 ,x 0 necess>y1 at all haz>ds1 to effect a desc5t4 ,?is 0 a p]il\s affair1 z ! w9d 0 bl[+ ) extreme viol5ce4 ,! bro!rs ,god>d assi/$1 by ,m4 ,gabriel1 op5$ ! valve & got out ! an*ors2 b1 un=tunately1 ! horizontal progress ( ! balloon augm5t$ f second to second4 ,! fir/ ob/acle :i* ! an*ors enc\nt]$ 0 a tree2 x 0 in/antly uproot$1 & dragg$ along to a second ob/acle1 a h\se1 ^: ro( 0 c>ri$ (f4 ,at ?is mom5t ! two cables ( ! an*ors 7 brok5 )\t ! voyag]s be+ aw>e ( x4 ,=esee+ ! successive %ocks t 7 ab\t to ensue--! mom5t 0 critical--! lea/ =getfulness might cause dea?4 ,to add to ! difficulty1 ! balloon's incl9$ position did n p]mit ( op]at+ ! valve1 except on ! hoop4 ,at ! reque/ ( 8 bro!r1 ,jules ,god>d attempt$ ! difficult "w ( climb+ to ?is hoop1 &1 9 spite ( 8 kn[n agility1 he 0 oblig$ sev]al times to r5ew ! ef=t4 ,alone1 & n be+ able to deta* ! cord1 ,m4 ,l\is ,god>d begg$ ,m4 ,yon to jo9 8 bro!r on ! hoop4 ,! two made !mselves ma/]s ( ! rope1 :i* !y pass$ to ,l\is ,god>d4 ,! latt] secur$ x firmly1 9 spite ( ! %ocks he receiv$4 ,a viol5t impact %ook ! c> & ,m4 de ,/4 ,felix became entangl$ "u ! c> z x 0 pl\gh+ ! gr\nd4 ,x 0 impossible to r5d] him any assi/ance2 not)/&+1 ,jules ,god>d1 /imulat$ by 8 bro!r1 leapt out to attempt moor+ ! balloon to ! trees by means ( ! ropes4 ,m4 ,montgolfi]1 entangl$ 9 ! same mann]1 0 re-seat$ 9 "t & sav$ by ,l\is ,god>d4 ,at ?is mom5t o!rs leapt out & escap$ ) a few contusions4 ,! c>1 dragg$ along by ! balloon1 broke trees m ?an half a y>d 9 diamet] & ov]?rew ev]y?+ t oppos$ x4 ,l\is ,god>d made ,m4 ,yon leap out ( ! c> to assi/ ,madame ,nad>2 b a t]rible %ock ?rew out ,,mm4 ,nad>1 ,l\is ,god>d1 & ,montgolfi]1 ! two fir/ aga9/ ! gr\nd1 ! ?ird into ! wat]4 ,madame ,nad>1 9 spite ( ! ef=ts ( ! voyag]s1 rema9$ ! la/1 & f\nd h]self squeez$ betwe5 ! gr\nd & ! c>1 :i* _h fall5 ^u h]4 ,m ?an tw5ty m9utes elaps$ be=e x 0 possible to dis5tangle h]1 9 spite ( ! mo/ vigor\s ef=ts on ! "p ( ev]yone4 ,x 0 at ?is mom5t ! balloon bur/ &1 l a furi\s mon/]1 de/roy$ ev]y?+ ar\nd x4 ,imm$iately aft]w>ds !y ran to ! assi/ance ( ,m4 de ,/4 ,felix1 :o _h be5 left beh9d1 & ^: face 0 "o gha/ly w\nd1 & cov]$ ) blood & mire4 ,he _h an arm brok51 8 *e/ graz$ & bruis$4 ,aft] ?is accid5t1 ?\gh a cr$itable future lay 9 /ore = ,! ,giant1 its mon/r\s & unwieldy c> 0 condemn$1 & pres5tly remov$ to ! ,cry/al ,palace1 :]e x 0 daily visit$ by l>ge cr[ds4 ,x is impossible to dismiss ?is brief sket* ( ,fr5* ballooni/s ( ?is p]iod )\t pay+ "s due tribute to ,m4 ,depuis ,delc\rt1 equally well kn[n 9 ! lit]>y & sci5tific _w1 & reg>d$ 9 8 own c\ntry z a fa!r among a]onauts4 ,born 9 #ahjb1 8 recollection w5t back to ! "t ( ,montgolfi] & ,*>les1 to ! feats ( ,g>n]91 & ! dea? ( ,madame ,blan*>d4 ,he e/abli%$ ! ,a]o/atic & ,meteorological ,society ( ,france1 & 0 ! au?or ( _m works1 z well z ( a j\rnal deal+ ) a]ial navigation4 ,he clos$ a life devot$ to ! pursuit & advancem5t ( a]o/ation 9 ,april1 #ahfd4 ,be=e v long1 ev5ts began %ap+ !mselves 9 ! political _w :i* 7 de/9$ to br+ ! balloon 9 ,france into yet great] prom95ce4 ,b we %\ld m5tion t already its capabilities 9 "t ( w> to meet ! requirem5ts ( milit>y op]ations _h be5 sci5tifically & sy/ematically te/$1 & ( ^! trials x w be necess>y to speak )\t fur!r delay4 ,ref]5ce has already be5 made 9 ^! pages to a valuable article contribut$ 9 #ahfb by ,lieut5ant ,g4 ,grov]1 ,r4,e41 to ! ,royal ,eng9e]s' pap]s4 ,f ?is report x w\ld appe> t ! balloon1 z a means ( reconnoitr+1 0 employ$ ) some:at unc]ta9 success at ! battle ( ,solf]9o1 ! bro!rs ,god>d be+ engag$ z a]onauts4 ,! balloon us$ 0 a ,montgolfi]1 or fire balloon1 &1 9 spite ( its ready inflation1 ,,mm4 ,god>d consid]$ x1 f ! difficulty ( ma9ta9+ )9 x ! necess>y degree ( buoyancy1 f> inf]ior to ! gas inflat$ balloon4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ,au/rian ,eng9e] ,committee 7 ( a contr>y op9ion4 ,x w\ld seem t no v def9ite conclusions _h be5 arriv$ at ) respect to ! use & value ( ! milit>y balloon up to ! "t ( ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,am]ican ,w> 9 #ahfb4 ,x 0 n[ t ! practice ( balloon+ became a recognis$ dep>tm5t ( milit>y manoeuvres1 & a valuable report appe>s 9 ! above-m5tion$ pap]s f ! p5 ( ,capta9 ,f4 ,beaumont1 ,r4,e4 ,accord+ to ?is (fic]1 ! ,am]icans made trial ( two diff]5t balloons1 bo? hydrog5 inflat$1 "o hav+ a capacity ( ab\t #ac1jjj cubic feet1 & ! o!r ab\t twice z l>ge4 ,x 0 ?is latt] t ! ,am]icans us$ almo/ exclusively1 x be+ f\nd to af=d m /ead9ess & safety1 & to be ! means1 sometimes desirable1 ( tak+ up m ?an two p]sons4 ,! difficulty ( suffici5t gas supply seems to h be5 well met4 ,two g5]ators suffic$1 ^! be+ no?+ m ?an l>ge tanks ( wood1 acid-pro( inside1 & ( suffici5t /r5g? to resi/ ! expansive action ( ! gas2 !y 7 provid$ ) suitable /opcocks = regulat+ ! admission ( ! gas1 & ) manhole cov]s = introduc+ ! necess>y mat]ials4 ,! gas1 z evolv$1 be+ made to pass successively ?r\gh two vessels conta9+ lime wat]1 0 deliv]$ cool & purifi$ into ! balloon1 & z ! sulphuric acid ne$$ = ! process 0 f\nd suffici5tly *eap1 & scrap iron also requir$ 0 readily come by1 x w\ld seem t practical difficulties 9 ! field 7 r$uc$ to a m9imum4 ,accord+ to ,capta9 ,beaumont1 ! difficulties :i* might h be5 expect$ f w9dy wea!r 7 n consid]able1 & tw5ty-five or ?irty m5 suffic$ to convey ! balloon easily1 :5 inflat$1 ov] all ob/acles4 ,! transport ( ! bulk ( ! re/ ( ! app>atus does n read1 on pap]1 a v s]i\s matt]4 ,! two g5]ators requir$ f\r horses ea*1 & ! acid & balloon c>ts z _m m4 ,arriv$ on ! sc5e ( action1 ! drill itself 0 a simple matt]4 ,a squad ( ?irty m5 "u an (fic] suffic$ to get ! balloon into position1 & to arrange ! balla/ s t1 ) all 91 !re 0 a lift+ p[] ( "s ?irty p\nds4 ,!n1 at ! ^w ( comm&1 ! m5 toge!r drop ! c>1 & seize ! ?ree guy ropes1 ( :i* "o is made to pass ?r\gh a snat* block firmly secur$4 ,! guy ropes are !n pay$ out accord+ to ! directions ( ! a]onaut1 z convey$ ?r\gh ! (fic]4 ,! balloon accompani$ ! army's advance :]e its s]vices c\ld be turn$ to ! greate/ advantage4 ,x 0 employ$ 9 mak+ cont9ual asc5ts1 & furni%+ daily reports to ,g5]al ,m',clellan1 & x 0 suppos$ t by con/ant obs]vation ! a]onaut c\ld1 at a glance1 assure himself t no *ange _h tak5 place 9 ! occupation ( ! c\ntry4 ,capta9 ,beaumont1 speak+1 be x rememb]$1 ( ! milit>y op]ations & manoeuvres !n 9 vogue1 decl>$ t e>?works c\ld be se5 ev5 at ! di/ance ( eight miles1 ?\gh _! "* c\ld n be di/9ctly /at$4 ,wood$ c\ntry 0 unfitt$ = balloon reconnaissance1 & only 9 a pla9 c\ld any consid]able body ( troops be made kn[n4 ,!n foll[s su* a description z "o w\ld be expect+ to f9d3-- ,dur+ ! battle ( ,hanov] ,c\rt ,h\se1 :i* 0 ! fir/ engagem5t ( importance be=e ,ri*mond1 ,i happ5$ to be close to ! balloon :5 ! heavy fir+ began4 ,! w9d 0 r high2 b ,i 0 anxi\s to see1 if possible1 :at 0 go+ on1 & ,i w5t up ) ! fa!r ( ! a]onaut4 ,! balloon 01 h[ev]1 %ort ( gas1 & z ! w9d 0 high we 7 oblig$ to come d[n4 ,i !n w5t up by myself1 ! dim9i%$ weight giv+ increas$ /ead9ess2 b x 0 n consid]$ safe to g m ?an #ejj feet1 on acc\nt ( ! unsettl$ /ate ( ! wea!r4 ,! balloon 0 v un/eady1 s mu* s t x 0 difficult to fix my sight on any p>ticul> object4 ,at t di/ance ,i c\ld see no?+ ( ! fight4 ,foll[+ ?is is ano!r significant s5t5ce3-- ,9 ! case ( a siege1 ,i am incl9$ to ?9k t a balloon reconnaissance w\ld be ( less value ?an 9 almo/ any o!r case :]e a reconnaissance c be requir$2 b1 ev5 "h1 if useless1 x is1 at any rate1 also h>mless4 ,i once saw ! fire ( artill]y direct$ f ! balloon2 ?is became necess>y1 z x 0 only 9 ?is way t ! picket :i* x 0 desir$ to dislodge c\ld be se54 ,h[ev]1 ,i _c say t ,i ?\ght ! fire ( artill]y 0 ( mu* effect aga9/ ! unse5 object2 n t ?is 0 ! fault ( ! balloon1 = _h x n told ! artill]i/s :i* way ! %ots 7 fall+ _! fire w\ld h be5 m useless /ill4 ,x w be obs]v$ t at ?is "t photography _h n be5 adopt$ z an adjunct to milit>y balloon+4 ,full details h be5 giv5 9 ?is *apt] ( ! mon/] balloon con/ruct$ by ,m4 ,nad>2 b 9 #ahfd ,eug5e ,god>d built "o l>g] yet ( ! ,montgolfi] type4 ,its capacity 0 ne>ly half a million cubic feet1 :ile ! /ove :i* inflat$ x /ood #ah feet high1 & weigh$ ne>ly #a1jjj p\nds4 ,two free asc5ts 7 made )\t mi%ap f ,cremorne ,g>d5s4 ,five ye>s lat] ,a%burnham ,p>k 0 ! sc5e ( captive asc5ts made ) ano!r mammo? balloon1 conta9+ no less ?an #cej1jjj cubic feet ( pure hydrog51 & capable ( lift+ #aa tons4 ,x 0 built at a co/ ( #bh1jjj francs by ,m4 ,giff>d1 ! well-kn[n eng9e] & inv5tor ( ! injector = fe$+ /eam eng9es4 ,^! a]ial levia?ans d n appe> to h be51 9 any true s5se successful4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,! ,,balloon ,,9 ,,! ,,siege ,,( ,,p>is4 ,)9 a few mon?s ( ! completion ( ! p]iod cov]$ by ! records ( ! la/ *apt]1 ,france 0 de/9$ to receive a m urg5t /imulus ?an ev] be=e to develop ! res\rces ( balloon+1 &1 9 hot ha/e1 to turn to ! mo/ s]i\s & practical acc\nt all ! be/ res\rces ( a]ial locomotion4 ,! /]n necessity ( w> 0 ^u h]1 & dur+ f\r mon?s ! sole mode ( exit f ,p>is--nay1 ! only possible means ( convey+ a simple message beyond ! b\nd>y ( h] =tifications--0 by balloon4 ,hi!rto1 f ! v inception ( ! art f ! e>lie/ ,montgolfi] ) its blaz+ furnace1 ! balloon _h gone up f ! gay capital "u e v>iety ( circum/ance--= pleasure1 = exhibition1 = sci5tific rese>*4 ,x 0 n[ put 9 requisition to mitigate ! em]g5cy occasion$ by ! long & close inve/m5t ( ! city by ! ,prussian =ces4 ,recognis+1 at an e>ly /age1 ! possibilities ( ! balloon1 an enquiry 0 at once made by ! milit>y au?orities z to ! exi/+ res\rces ( ! city1 :5 x 0 quickly discov]$ t1 ) c]ta9 exceptions to be pres5tly m5tion$1 su* balloons z 7 9 exi/5ce )9 ! walls 7 ei!r uns]viceable or inadequate = ! "w t 0 dem&$ ( !m4 ,!reupon1 ) admirable promptness & ent]prise1 x 0 =?) det]m9$ to organise ! build+ & equipm5t ( a regul> fleet ( balloons ( suffici5t size & /r5g?4 ,x *anc$ t !re 7 9 ,p>is at ! "t two pr(essional a]onauts ( prov$ exp]i5ce & skill1 bo? ( :om _h become well kn[n 9 ,london only ! season be=e 9 connection ) ,m4 ,giff>d's huge captive balloon at ,a%burnham ,p>k4 ,^! 7 ,,mm4 ,god>d & ,yon1 & to !m 0 entru/$ ! e/abli%m5t ( two sep>ate factories 9 spaci\s build+s1 :i* 7 at once available & admirably adapt$ = ! purpose4 ,^! 7 at ! ,orleans & ! ,nor!rn ,railway /ations respectively1 :]e spaci\s ro(s & abundant elb[ room1 ! *ief requisites1 7 to be f\nd4 ,! fir/-m5tion$ /ation 0 presid$ ov] ,god>d1 ! latt] by ,m4 ,yon1 assi/$ by ,m4 ,d>tois4 ,x 0 n d\bt$ t ! res\rces ( ! city w\ld be able to supply ! l>ge dem& t w\ld be made = suitable mat]ial2 b silk z a fabric 0 at once b>r$ on ! score ( exp5se alone4 ,a s+le j\rney 0 all t ne$$ to be calculat$ on = ea* craft1 & ?us calico w\ld s]ve ! purpose1 & w\ld admit ( spe$y mak+ up4 ,slight diff]5ces 9 manufacture 7 adopt$ at ! two factories4 ,at ! ,nor!rn /ation pla9 :ite calico 0 us$1 sewn ) a sew+ ma*9e1 :]eas at ! ,orleans /ation ! mat]ial 0 col\r$ & entru/$ only to h& /it*+4 ,! allimportant detail ( v>ni% 0 suppli$ by a mixture ( l9se$ oil & ! active pr9ciple ( ord9>y dri]s1 & ?is1 laid on ) a rubb]1 r5d]$ ! mat]ial gas-tight & quickly dry en\gh = use4 ,hundr$s ( h&s1 m5 & wom51 7 employ$ at ! two factories1 at :i* "s sixty balloons 7 produc$ be=e ! end ( ! siege4 ,mu* ( ! m important "w 0 entru/$ to sailors1 :o %[$ special aptness1 n only 9 fitt+ out & rigg+ ! balloons1 b also 9 _! managem5t :5 entru/$ to ! w9ds4 ,x mu/ h be5 an impressive sight = fri5d or foe to witness ! dep>ture ( ea* a]ial vessel on its v5turesome mission4 ,! bold plunge into space above ! ro(s ( ! imprison$ city2 ! rapid climb into ! sky &1 lat]1 ! pe>l drop high 9 air float+ away to its unc]ta9 & haz>d\s hav51 runn+ ! gauntlet ( ! enemy's fire by day or brav+ :at at fir/ appe>$ to be equal dang]1 att5d+ ! d>kness ( night4 ,x w be se51 h[ev]1 t1 ( ! two evils1 t ( ! d>kness 0 consid]$ ! less1 ev5 ?\gh1 ) /range & unreasonable excess ( caution1 ! a]onauts w\ld n suff] ! use ( ! p]fectly safe & almo/ indisp5sable ,davy lamp4 ,be=e any free asc5ts 7 v5tur$ on1 two old balloons 7 put to "s practical trial z /ation>y obs]vatories4 ,"o ( ^! 0 moor$ at ,montm>tre1 ! o!r at ,mont-s\ris4 ,f ^! c5tres daily1 :5 ! wea!r p]mitt$1 captive asc5ts 7 made--f\r by day & two by night--to wat* & locate ! movem5ts ( ! enemy4 ,! sy/em1 z f> z x w5t1 0 well plann$4 ,x 0 safe1 &1 to fav\r exp$ition1 messages 7 writt5 9 ! c> ( ! balloon & slid d[n ! cable to ! att5dants bel[4 ,! net result1 h[ev]1 f a /rategic po9t ( view1 does n appe> to h be5 ( great value4 ,ere yet ! balloons 7 ready1 c]ta9 bold & ev5tful escapes 7 v5tur$ on4 ,m4 ,duru(1 already introduc$ 9 ^! pages1 tru/+ himself to ! old craft1 ,le ,neptune1 9 unskywor?y condition1 made a fa/ plunge into space1 &1 cat*+ ! upp] w9ds1 0 borne away = z long a p]iod z c\ld be ma9ta9$ at ! co/ ( a prodigal exp5diture ( balla/4 ,! balloon is said to h describ$ a visible p>abola1 l ! trajectory ( a projectile1 & fell at ,evreux 9 safety & beyond ! range ( ! enemy's fire1 ?\gh n f> f _! l9es4 ,?is 0 on ! #bcrd ( ,septemb]4 ,two days aft]w>ds ! fir/ practical trial 0 made ) hom+ pigeons1 ) ! idea ( us+ !m 9 connection ) balloons = ! e/abli%m5t ( an (ficially sanction$ po/4 ,,mm4 ,maug9 & ,gr&*amp conduct$ ?is voyage 9 ! ,ville de ,flor5ce1 & desc5d$ ne> ,v]n\illet1 n f> beyond ,le ,=et de ,/4 ,g]ma91 & less ?an tw5ty miles f ,p>is4 ,! s]viceability ( ! pigeon1 h[ev]1 0 cle>ly e/abli%$1 & a note contribut$ by ,mr4 ,glai%]1 relat+ to ! bre$+ & *oice ( ^! birds1 may be consid]$ ( int]e/4 ,mr4 ,r4 ,w4 ,aldridge1 ( ,*>lton1 z quot$ by ,mr4 ,glai%]1 /at$ t 8 exp]i5ce w5t to %[ t ^! birds c be produc$ ) diff]5t p[]s ( ori5tation to meet ! requirem5ts ( p>ticul> cases4 ,! bird requir$ to make j\rneys "u fifty miles w\ld mat]ially diff] 9 its p$igree f "o capable ( fly+ #ajj or #fjj miles4 ,att5tion1 9 p>ticul>1 mu/ be giv5 to ! col\r ( ! eye2 if want$ = broad daylight ! bird kn[n z ! ',pe>l ,eye1' f its col\r1 %\ld be select$2 b if = foggy wea!r or = twilight fly+ ! black- or blue-ey$ bird %\ld receive ! pref]5ce4 ,only a small m9ority1 am\nt+ to ab\t sixty out ( #cfj birds tak5 up1 return$ to ,p>is1 b ^! are calculat$ to h convey$ among !m "s #ajj1jjj messages4 ,to r$uce ^! pigeon messages to ! smalle/ possible compass a me?od ( r$uction by photography 0 employ$ ) mu* success4 ,a long lett] might1 9 ?is way1 be fai?fully record$ on a surface ( ?9ne/ photographic pap]1 n exce$+ ! dim5sions ( a po/age /amp1 &1 :5 receiv$1 no m 0 necess>y ?an to subject x to magnification1 & !n to transcribe x & s5d a fair copy to ! addressee4 ,! ?ird voyage f ,p>is1 on ,septemb] #bi? 0 und]tak5 by ,l\is ,god>d 9 two small balloons1 unit$ toge!r1 c>ry+ bo? despat*es & pigeons1 & a safe l&+ 0 effect$ at ,mantes ,?is successful feat 0 rival l$ ! next day by ,m4 ,tiss&i]1 :o asc5d$ alone 9 a balloon ( only "s #bf1jjj cubic feet capacity & rea*$ e>? at ,dreux1 9 ,norm&y4 ,^! voyages exhau/$ ! /ore ( ready-made balloons1 b by a week lat] ! fir/ ( ^? be+ specially manufactur$ 0 ready1 & convey$ 9 safety f ! city no less a p]sonage ?an ,m4 ,gambetta4 ,! c\rage\s resolve ( ! great man caus$ mu* s5sation 9 ,p>is1 ! m s because1 ow+ to contr>y w9ds1 ! dep>ture _h to be po/pon$ f day to day4 ,& :51 at l5g?1 on ,octob] #g?1 ,gambetta & 8 secret>y1 ) ! a]onaut ,tri*et1 actually got away1 9 company ) ano!r balloon1 !y 7 vigor\sly fir$ at ) %ot & %ell be=e !y _h cle>$ ,/4 ,d5is4 ,f>!r out ov] ! ,g]man po/s !y 7 aga9 "u fire1 & escap$ by dis*>g+ balla/1 n1 h[ev]1 be=e ,gambetta _h be5 graz$ by a bullet4 ,yet once m !y 7 assail$ by ,g]man volleys be=e1 ab\t #c p4m41 !y f\nd a hav5 ne> ,montdidi]4 ,! usual dim5sions ( ! new balloons gave a capacity ( #gj1jjj cubic feet1 & ea* ( ^!1 :5 inflat$ ) coal gas1 0 calculat$ to convey a freight ( pass5g]s1 balla/1 & despat*es am\nt+ to "s #b1jjj p\nds4 ,_! despat* became frequ5t1 sometimes two 9 ! same tw5ty-f\r h\rs4 ,9 less ?an a s+le week 9 ,octob] z _m z f\r balloons _h fall5 9 ,belgium1 & z _m m else:]e4 ,up till n[ "s sixte5 v5tures _h end$ well1 b pres5tly !re came tr\ble4 ,on ,octob] #bbnd ,,mm4 ,iglesia & ,j\v5cel fell at ,meaux1 occupi$ by ! ,prussians2 _! despat*es1 h[ev]1 7 sav$ 9 a dung c>t4 ,! tw5ty-?ird voyage end$ m unhappily4 ,on ?is occasion a sailor act$ z a]onaut1 accompani$ by an eng9e]1 ,eti5ne ,anton91 & c>ry+ ne>ly #a1jjj p\nds ( lett]s4 ,x *anc$ t !y desc5d$ ne> ,orleans on ! v day :5 t t[n 0 re-occupi$ by ! enemy1 & bo? voyag]s 7 made prison]s4 ,! eng9e]1 h[ev]1 subsequ5tly escap$4 ,?ree days lat] ano!r sailor1 also accompani$ by an eng9e]1 fell at ! t[n ( ,f]ri]es1 !n occupi$ by ! ,prussians1 :5 bo? 7 made prison]s4 ,9 ?is case1 also1 ! eng9e] succe$$ 9 mak+ 8 escape2 :ile ! despat*es 7 rescu$ by a =e/] & =w>d$ 9 safety4 ,at ab\t ?is date ,w4 de ,fonvielle1 act+ z a]onaut1 & tak+ pass5g]s1 made a successful escape1 ( :i* he has giv5 a graphic acc\nt4 ,he _h be5 baulk$ by m ?an "o s]i\s contretemps4 ,x _h be5 det]m9$ t ! dep>ture %\ld be by night1 & ,novemb] #ai? be+ fix$ ^u1 ! balloon 0 9 process ( inflation "u a g5tle w9d t ?reat5$ a travel t[>ds ,prussian soil1 :51 z ! mom5t ( dep>ture approa*$1 a l>ge hole 0 accid5tally made 9 ! fabric by ! end ( ! metal pipe1 & x 0 !n too late to effect repairs4 ,! next & foll[+ days ! wea!r 0 f\l1 & ! dep>ture 0 n effect$ till ! #be?1 :5 he sail$ away ov] ! famili> b desolat$ c\ntry4 ,he & 8 companions 7 fir$ at1 b only :5 !y 7 well beyond range1 & 9 less ?an two h\rs ! p>ty rea*$ ,l\va91 beyond ,brussels1 "s #ahj ,engli% miles 9 a direct l9e f _! />t+ po9t4 ,?is 0 ! day aft] ! ,ville d',orleans balloon _h made ! record voyage & di/ance ( all ! siege1 fall+ 9 ,norway1 #fjj miles nor? ( ,*ri/iania1 aft] a flight ( fifte5 h\rs4 ,at ! end ( ,novemb]1 :5 ov] ?irty escape voyages _h be5 made1 two fatal disa/]s occurr$4 ,a sailor ( ! "n ( ,pr9ce asc5d$ alone on a moonless night1 & at dawn1 away on ! nor? coa/ ( ,scotl&1 "s fi%]m5 sight$ a balloon 9 ! sky dropp+ to ! we/w>d 9 ! ocean4 ,! only subsequ5t trace ( ?is balloon 0 a bag ( despat*es pick$ up 9 ! ,*annel4 ,curi\sly en\gh1 two days lat] almo/ ! same /ory 0 repeat$4 ,two a]onauts1 ?is "t 9 *>ge ( despat*es & pigeons1 7 c>ri$ out to sea & nev] trac$4 ,undet]r$ by ^! disa/]s1 a notable escape 0 n[ attempt$4 ,an important total eclipse ( ! sun 0 to occur 9 a track cross+ s\!rn ,spa9 & ,alg]ia on ,decemb] #bbnd4 ,an en?usia/ic a/ronom]1 ,janss51 0 commission$ by ! ,academy ( ,sci5ces to att5d & make obs]vations ( ?is eclipse4 ,b ,m4 ,janss5 0 9 ,p>is1 z 7 also 8 in/rum5ts1 & ! eclipse track lay ne>ly a ?\s& miles away4 ,! "o & only possible mode ( fulfill+ 8 commission 0 to try ! (f-*ance af=d$ by balloon1 & ?is *ance he resort$ to only tw5ty days be=e ! eclipse 0 due4 ,tak+ ) him ! ess5tial p>ts ( a reflect+ telescope1 & an active "y sailor z assi/ant1 he left ,p>is at #f a4m4 & rose at once to #c1fjj feet1 dipp+ aga9 some:at at sunrise 7ow+1 z he suppos$1 to loss ( heat ?r\gh radiation71 b subsequ5tly asc5d+ aga9 rapidly "u ! increas$ altitude ( ! sun till 8 balloon atta9$ its highe/ level ( #g1bjj feet4 ,f ?is elevation1 %ortly aft] #aa a4m41 he sight$ ! sea1 :5 he comm5c$ a desc5t :i* br\ght him to e>? at ! m\? ( ! ,loire4 ,x _h be5 fa/ travell+--"s #cjj miles 9 little m ?an ?ree h\rs--& ! gr\nd w9d 0 /rong4 ,nev]!less1 nei!r pass5g]s nor in/rum5ts 7 injur$1 & ,m4 ,janss5 0 fully e/abli%$ by ! day ( eclipse on 8 obs]v+ gr\nd at ,oran1 on ! ,alg]ian coa/4 ,x is di/ress+ to add t ! ph5om5on 0 hidd5 by cl\d4 ,9 ! mon? t foll[$ ?is spl5did v5ture no few] ?an fifte5 balloons escap$ f ,p>is1 ( :i* f\r fell into ! h&s ( ! enemy1 al?\gh = great] security all asc5ts 7 n[ be+ made by night4 ,on ,janu>y #ac?1 #ahga1 a new device = ! return po/ 0 tri$1 &1 9 addition to pigeons1 %eep dogs 7 tak5 up1 ) ! idea ( _! be+ return$ to ! city ) messages conceal$ )9 _! coll>s4 ,!re is app>5tly no record ( any message hav+ be5 return$ to ! t[n by ?is +5i\s me?od4 ,on ,janu>y #bd? a balloon1 pilot$ by a sailor1 & conta9+ a l>ge freight ( lett]s1 fell )9 ! ,prussian l9es1 b ! patriotism ( ! c\ntry 0 /rong en\gh to secure ! despat*es be+ sav$ & entru/$ to ! safe conveyance ( ! ,po/ ,(fice4 ,!n foll[$ ! total loss ( a balloon at sea2 b ?is 0 de/9$ to be ! la/1 save "o1 t 0 to attempt ! dang]\s mission4 ,! next day1 ,janu>y #bh?1 ! la/ (ficial balloon left ! t[n1 mann$ by a s+le sailor1 c>ry+ b a small weight ( despat*es1 b ord]+ ! %ips to proce$ to ,dieppe = ! revictuall+ ( ,p>is4 ,five additional balloons at t "t 9 read9ess 7 nev] requir$ = ! risky s]vice = :i* !y 7 design$4 ,!re c be little d\bt t _h ! siege cont9u$ a m elaborate use ( balloons w\ld h be5 develop$4 ,s*emes 7 be+ moot$ to attempt ! va/ly m difficult task ( convey+ balloons into ,p>is f outside4 ,:5 ho/ilities t]m9at$ !re 7 actually six balloons 9 read9ess = ?is v5ture at ,lisle1 & wait+ only = a nor!rly w9d4 ,m4 de ,fonvielle1 possess$ ( bo? c\rage & exp]i5ce1 0 prep>$ to put 9 practice a me?od ( guid+ by a small propell+ =ce a balloon t 0 be+ c>ri$ by suffici5tly fav\r+ w9ds )9 a few degrees ( its desir$ goal--& 9 ! case ( ,p>is ! goal 0 an area ( "s tw5ty miles 9 diamet]4 ,)9 ! inve/$ area sev]al attempts 7 actually made to control balloons by me?ods ( /e]+4 ,! names ( ,v]t & ,dupuy de ,lome mu/ "h be specially m5tion$4 ,! =m] _h elaborat$ an inv5tion :i* receiv$ mu* assi/ance1 & 0 subsequ5tly exhibit$ at ! ,cry/al ,palace4 ,! latt] receiv$ a grant ( ,l#a1fjj to p]fect a complex ma*9e1 hav+ )9 its gas envelope an air *amb]1 sugge/$ by ! swimm+ bladd] ( a fi%1 hav+ also a sail helm & a propell+ screw1 to be op]at$ by manual lab\r4 ,! relation ( ?is inv5tion to o!rs ( simil> purpose w be fur!r discuss$ lat] on4 ,b an actual trial ( a dirigible craft1 ! design ( ,admiral ,labr\sse1 0 made f ! ,orleans railway /ation on ,janu>y #i?4 ,?is ma*9e consi/$ ( a balloon ( ab\t ! /&>d capacity ( ! siege balloons1 namely "s #gj1jjj cubic feet1 fitt$ ) two screws ( ab\t #ab feet diamet]1 b capable ( be+ readily work$ at mod]ate spe$4 ,x 0 n a success4 ,m4 ,ri*>d1 ) ?ree sailors1 made a t5tative asc5t1 & us$ _! be/ endeav\rs to control _! vessel1 b practically )\t avail1 & ! ma*9e pres5tly com+ to e>? clumsily1 a portion ( ! ge> caught 9 ! gr\nd & ! travell]s 7 ?r[n ov] & r\ghly dragg$ = a long di/ance4 ,fairly look$ at1 ! a]ial po/ ( ! siege ( ,p>is mu/ be reg>d$ z an ambiti\s &1 on ! :ole1 successful ent]prise4 ,"s two million & a half ( lett]s1 am\nt+ 9 weight to "s t5 tons1 7 convey$ ?r\gh ! f\r mon?s1 9 addition to :i* at lea/ an equal weight ( o!r freight 0 tak5 up1 exclusive ( actual pass5g]s1 ( :om no few] ?an two hundr$ 7 transport$ f ! beleagu]$ city4 ,( ^! only "o return$1 sev5 or eight 7 dr[n$1 twice ?is numb] 7 tak5 prison]s1 & z _m aga9 m or less injur$ 9 desc5ts4 ,f a purely f9ancial po9t ( view ! und]tak+ 0 no failure1 z ! co/1 great z x necess>ily became1 01 x is said1 fairly cov]$ by ! po/age1 :i* x 0 possible & by no means unreasonable to levy4 ,! recognis$ t>iff seems to h be5 #bj c5times = #d grammes1 or at ! rate ( n greatly m ?an a %ill+ p] ,engli% ounce4 ,surely h>dly on a p> ) fame 9 prices 9 a "t ( siege4 ,x has already be5 /at$ t ! def5d]s ( ,p>is did n d]ive sub/antial assi/ance f ! s]vices ( su* a reconnoitr+ balloon z is g5]ally us$ 9 w>f>e at e available opportunity4 ,x is possible t ! peculi> circum/ances ( ! inve/m5t ( ! t[n r5d]$ su* reconnaissance ( comp>atively small value4 ,b1 at any rate1 x seems cle> t due opportunity 0 n giv5 to ?is /rategic me?od4 ,m4 ,giff>d1 :o at ! comm5cem5t ( ! siege 0 9 ,p>is1 & ^: exp]i5ce ) a captive balloon 0 second to none1 made e>ly ov]tures to ! ,gov]nm5t1 (f]+ to build = ,l#dj1jjj a suitable balloon1 capable ( rais+ =ty p]sons to a height ( #c1jjj feet4 ,=ty a]ial sc\ts1 x may be said1 are h>dly ne$$ = purposes ( outlook at "o "t2 b x appe>s t ?is 0 n ! consid]ation :i* /ood 9 ! way ( ,m4 ,giff>d's (f] be+ accept$4 ,accord+ to ,m4 de ,fonvielle1 ! ,gov]nm5t refus$ ! exp]i5c$ a]onaut's proposal on ! gr\nd t he requir$ a place 9 ! ,*amps ,elysees1 :i* x w\ld be necess>y to cle> ( a few %rubs6 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,trag$y ,,( ,,! ,,z5i?--,,! ,,navigable ,,balloon ,! me*anical air %ip _h1 by ?is "t1 z may be inf]r$1 begun s]i\sly to occupy ! att5tion ( bo? !oretical & practical a]onauts4 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ ma*9es des]v+ ( special m5tion 0 design$ by ,m4 ,giff>d1 & consi/$ ( an elongat$ balloon1 #ajd feet 9 l5g? & #ci feet 9 greate/ diamet]1 furni%$ ) a triangul> rudd]1 & a /eam eng9e op]at+ a screw4 ,! fire ( ! eng9e1 :i* burn$ coke1 0 skilfully protect$1 & ! fuel & wat] requir$ 7 tak5 into calculation z s mu* balla/ to be gradually exp5d$4 ,9 ?is vessel1 inflat$ only ) coal gas1 & some:at unmanageable & difficult to balance1 ! en?usia/ic inv5tor asc5d$ alone f ! ,hippodrome & execut$ sundry desir$ movem5ts1 n unsuccessfully4 ,b ! trial 0 n ( long duration1 & ! desc5t prov$ bo? rapid & p]il\s4 ,_h ! trial be5 made 9 su* a p]fect calm z t :i* prevail$ :5 c]ta9 subsequ5t inv5tions 7 te/$1 x 0 consid]$ t ,m4 ,giff>d's vessel w\ld h be5 z navigable z a boat 9 ! wat]4 ,?is unrivall$ me*anician1 aft] hav+ made great advances 9 ! direction ( high spe$ eng9es ( suffici5t lightness1 proce$$ to design a va/ly improv$ dirigible balloon1 :5 8 endeav\rs 7 fru/rat$ by bl9dness4 ,z has be5 already /at$1 ,m4 ,dupuy de ,lome1 at ! end ( ! siege ( ,p>is1 0 engag$ 9 build+ a navigable balloon1 :i*1 ow+ to ! unsettl$ /ate ( affairs 9 ,france1 did n receive its trial till two ye>s lat]4 ,?is balloon1 :i* 0 inflat$ ) pure hydrog51 0 ( great] capacity ?an t ( ,m4 ,giff>d1 be+ cig> %ap$ & measur+ #aah feet by #dh feet4 ,x 0 also provid$ ) an +5i\s arrangem5t consi/+ ( an int]nal air bag1 capable ( be+ ei!r inflat$ or dis*>g$1 = ! purpose ( keep+ ! pr9cipal envelope always di/5d$1 & ?us (f]+ ! lea/ possible resi/ance to ! w9d4 ,! propell+ p[] 0 ! manual lab\r ( eight m5 work+ ! screw1 & ! /e]age 0 provid$ = by a triangul> rudd]4 ,! trial1 :i* 0 c>ri$ out )\t mi%ap1 took place 9 ,febru>y1 #ahgb1 9 ! ,=t ( ,v9c5nes1 "u ! p]sonal direction ( ! inv5tor1 :5 x 0 f\nd t ! vessel readily obey$ ! helm1 & 0 capable ( a spe$ exce$+ six miles an h\r4 ,x 0 n till n9e ye>s aft] ?is t ! next important trial ) air %ips 0 made4 ,! bro!rs ,tiss&i] w !n be f\nd tak+ ! lead1 & an appall+ incid5t 9 ! a]onautical c>e] ( "o ( ^! has n[ to be record$4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #ahge1 & ) ! co-op]ation ( ,fr5* sci5tific societies1 x 0 det]m9$ to make two exp]im5tal voyages 9 a balloon call$ ! ,z5i?1 "o ( ^! to be ( long duration1 ! o!r ( great height4 ,! fir/ ( ^! _h be5 successfully accompli%$ 9 a flight ( tw5ty-f\r h\rs' duration f ,p>is to ,bordeaux4 ,x 0 n[ ,april ! #ae?1 & ! l(ty flight 0 emb>k$ ^u by ,m4 ,ga/on ,tiss&i]1 accompani$ by ,,mm4 ,croce-,sp9elli & ,sivel4 ,"u compet5t advice1 provision = respiration on em]g5cy 0 provid$ 9 ?ree small balloons1 fill$ ) a mixture ( air & oxyg51 & fitt$ ) indi>ubb] hose pipes1 :i* w\ld all[ ! mixture1 :5 inhal$1 to pass fir/ ?r\gh a wa% bottle conta9+ aromatic fluid4 ,! exp]im5ts det]m9$ on includ$ an analysis ( ! proportion ( c>bonic acid gas at diff]5t heights by means ( special app>atus2 spectroscopic obs]vations1 & ! read+s regi/]$ by c]ta9 b>omet]s & !rmomet]s4 ,a novel & valuable exp]im5t1 also arrang$1 0 t ( te/+ ! int]nal temp]ature ( ! balloon z comp>$ ) t ( ! ext]nal air4 ,asc5d+ at #aa4cj a4m4 "u a w>m sun1 ! balloon _h by #a p4m4 rea*$ an altitude ( #af1jjj feet1 :5 ! ext]nal air 0 at freez+ po9t1 ! gas high 9 ! balloon be+ #gb degrees1 & at ! c5tre #ff degrees4 ,ere ?is height _h be5 fully rea*$1 h[ev]1 ! voyag]s _h begun to brea! oxyg54 ,at #aa4eg1 an h\r previ\sly1 ,sp9elli _h writt5 9 8 notebook1 ,slight pa9 9 ! e>s--some:at oppress$--x is ! gas4 ,at #bc1jjj feet ,sivel wrote 9 8 notebook1 ,i am inhal+ oxyg5--! effect is excell5t1 aft] :i* he proce$$ to urge ! balloon high] by a dis*>ge ( balla/4 ,! re/ ( ! t]rible n>rative has n[ to be tak5 f ! notes ( ,m4 ,tiss&i]1 & z ^! con/itute "o ( ! mo/ ?rill+ n>ratives 9 a]onautical records we transcribe !m ne>ly 9 full1 z giv5 by ,mr4 ,glai%]3-- ,at #bc1jjj feet we 7 /&+ up 9 ! c>4 ,sivel1 :o _h giv5 up = a mom5t1 is re-invigorat$4 ,croce-,sp9elli is motionless 9 front ( me4444 ,i felt /upefi$ & froz54 ,i wi%$ to put on my fur gloves1 b1 )\t be+ consci\s ( x1 ! action ( tak+ !m f my pocket necessitat$ an ef=t t ,i c\ld no long] make4444 ,i copy1 v]batim1 ! foll[+ l9es :i* 7 writt5 by me1 al?\gh ,i h no v di/9ct remembrance ( do+ s4 ,!y are trac$ 9 a h>dly legible mann] by a h& trembl+ ) cold3 ',my h&s are froz54 ,i am all "r4 ,we are all all "r4 ,fog 9 ! horizon1 ) little r\nd$ cirrus4 ,we are asc5d+4 ,croce pants2 he inhales oxyg54 ,sivel closes 8 eyes4 ,croce also closes 8 eyes4444 ,sivel ?r[s out balla/'--^! la/ words are h>dly readable4 ,sivel seiz$ 8 knife & cut successively ?ree cords1 & ! ?ree bags empti$ !mselves & we asc5d$ rapidly4 ,! la/ remembrance ( ?is asc5t :i* rema9s cle> to me relates to a mom5t e>li]4 ,croce-,sp9elli 0 seat$1 hold+ 9 "o h& a wa% bottle ( oxyg5 gas4 ,8 head 0 slightly incl9$ & he seem$ oppress$4 ,i _h /ill /r5g? to tap ! an]oid b>omet] to facilitate ! movem5t ( ! ne$le4 ,sivel _h j rais$ 8 h& t[>ds ! sky4 ,z = myself1 ,i rema9$ p]fectly /ill1 )\t suspect+ t ,i _h1 p]haps1 already lo/ ! p[] ( mov+4 ,ab\t ! height ( #be1jjj feet ! condition ( /upefaction :i* ensues is extraord9>y4 ,! m9d & body weak5 by degrees1 & imp]ceptibly1 )\t consci\sness ( x4 ,no suff]+ is !n exp]i5c$2 on ! contr>y1 an inn] joy is felt l an irradiation f ! surr\nd+ flood ( light4 ,"o becomes indiff]5t4 ,"o ?9ks no m ( ! p]il\s position or ( dang]4 ,"o asc5ds1 & is happy to asc5d4 ,! v]tigo ( ! upp] regions is n an idle ^w2 b1 s f> z ,i c judge f my p]sonal impression1 v]tigo appe>s at ! la/ mom5t2 x imm$iately prec$es annihilation1 sudd51 unexpect$1 & irresi/ible4 ,:5 ,sivel cut away ! bags ( balla/ at ! height ( ab\t #bd1jjj feet1 ,i seem$ to rememb] t he 0 sitt+ at ! bottom ( ! c>1 & ne>ly 9 ! same position z ,croce-,sp9elli4 ,= my "p1 ,i 0 9 ! angle ( ! c>1 ?anks to :i* support ,i 0 able to hold up2 b ,i soon felt too weak ev5 to turn my head to look at my companions4 ,soon ,i wi%$ to take hold ( ! tube ( oxyg51 b x 0 impossible to raise my arm4 ,my m9d1 nev]!less1 0 q cle>4 ,i wi%$ to expla91 ',we are #h1jjj metres high'2 b my tongue 01 z x 71 p>alys$4 ,all at once ,i clos$ my eyes1 &1 s9k+ d[n in]t1 became ins5sible4 ,?is 0 ab\t #a4cj p4m4 ,at #b4h p4m4 ,i awoke = a mom5t1 & f\nd ! balloon rapidly desc5d+4 ,i 0 able to cut away a bag ( balla/ to *eck ! spe$ & write 9 my notebook ! foll[+ l9es1 :i* ,i copy3 ',we are desc5d+4 ,temp]ature1 #c degrees4 ,i ?r[ out balla/4 ,b>omet]1 #ab4d in*es4 ,we are desc5d+4 ,sivel & ,croce /ill 9 a fa9t+ /ate at ! bottom ( ! c>4 ,desc5d+ v rapidly4' ,h>dly _h ,i writt5 ^! l9es :5 a k9d ( trembl+ seiz$ me1 & ,i fell back weak5$ aga94 ,!re 0 a viol5t w9d f bel[1 upw>ds1 d5ot+ a v rapid desc5t4 ,aft] "s m9utes ,i felt myself %ak5 by ! arm1 & ,i recognis$ ,croce1 :o _h reviv$4 ',?r[ out balla/1' he said to me1 'we are desc5d+ '2 b ,i c\ld h>dly op5 my eyes1 & did n see :e!r ,sivel 0 awake4 ,i call$ to m9d t ,croce unfa/5$ ! aspirator1 :i* he !n ?rew ov]bo>d1 & !n he ?rew out balla/1 rugs1 etc4 ,all ?is is an extremely confus$ remembrance1 quickly ext+ui%$1 = aga9 ,i fell back in]t m completely ?an be=e1 & x seem$ to me t ,i 0 dy+4 ,:at happ5$8 ,x is c]ta9 t ! balloon1 reliev$ ( a great weight ( balla/1 at once asc5d$ to ! high] regions4 ,at #c4cj p4m4 ,i op5$ my eyes aga94 ,i felt dreadfully giddy & oppress$1 b gradually came to myself4 ,! balloon 0 desc5d+ ) frightful spe$ & mak+ great oscillations4 ,i crept along on my knees1 & ,i pull$ ,sivel & ,croce by ! arm4 ',sivel6 ,croce6' ,i exclaim$1 ',wake up6' ,my two companions 7 huddl$ up motionless 9 ! c>1 cov]$ by _! cloaks4 ,i collect$ all my /r5g?1 & endeav\r$ to raise !m up4 ,sivel's face 0 black1 8 eyes dull1 & 8 m\? 0 op5 & full ( blood4 ,croce's eyes 7 half clos$ & 8 m\? 0 bloody4 ,to relate :at happ5$ aft]w>ds is q impossible4 ,i felt a frightful w9d2 we 7 /ill #i1gjj feet high4 ,!re rema9$ 9 ! c> two bags ( balla/1 :i* ,i ?rew out4 ,i 0 draw+ ne> ! e>?4 ,i look$ = my knife to cut ! small rope :i* held ! an*or1 b c\ld n f9d x4 ,i 0 l a madman1 & cont9u$ to call ',sivel6 ,sivel6' ,by good =tune ,i 0 able to put my h& ^u my knife & deta* ! an*or at ! "r mom5t4 ,! %ock on com+ to ! gr\nd 0 dreadful4 ,! balloon seem$ z if x 7 be+ flatt5$4 ,i ?\ght x 0 go+ to rema9 :]e x _h fall51 b ! w9d 0 high1 & x 0 dragg$ across fields1 ! an*or n cat*+4 ,! bodies ( my un=tunate fri5ds 7 %ak5 ab\t 9 ! c>1 & ,i ?\ght e mom5t !y w\ld be j]k$ out4 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 ,i seiz$ ! valve l9e1 & ! gas soon escap$ f ! balloon1 :i* lodg$ aga9/ a tree4 ,x 0 !n f\r o'clock4 ,on /epp+ out1 ,i 0 seiz$ ) a fev]i% attack1 & sank d[n & ?\ght = a mom5t t ,i 0 go+ to jo9 my fri5ds 9 ! next _w2 b ,i came to4 ,i f\nd ! bodies ( my fri5ds cold & /iff4 ,i _h !m put "u %elt] 9 an adjac5t b>n4 ,! desc5t ( ! ',z5i?' took place 9 ! pla9s #aee miles f ,p>is z ! cr[ flies4 ,! greate/ height atta9$ 9 ?is asc5t is e/imat$ at #bh1jjj feet4 ,x 0 9 #ahhd t ! bro!rs ,tiss&i] comm5c$ exp]im5ts ) a screw-propell$ air %ip resembl+ 9 %ape ^? con/ruct$ by ,giff>d & ,dupuy de ,lome1 b small]1 measur+ only #ia feet by #cj feet1 & op]at$ by an electric motor plac$ 9 circuit ) a p[]ful batt]y ( bi*romate cells4 ,two trials 7 made ) ?is vessel 9 ,octob]1 #ahhc1 & aga9 9 ! foll[+ ,septemb]1 :5 x prov$ itself capable ( hold+ its c\rse 9 calm air & ( be+ readily controll$ by ! rudd]4 ,b1 ere ?is1 a numb] ( some:at simil> exp]im5ts1 on behalf ( ! ,fr5* ,gov]nm5t1 _h be5 ent]$ ^u by ,capta9s ,r5>d & ,krebs at ,*alais-,meudon4 ,_! balloon may be describ$ z fi%-%ap$1 #afe feet long1 & #bg4e feet 9 pr9cipal diamet]4 ,x 0 op]at$ by an electric motor1 :i* 0 capable ( driv+ a screw ( l>ge dim5sions at =ty-eight revolutions p] m9ute4 ,at its fir/ trial1 9 ,augu/1 #ahhd1 9 dead calm1 x atta9$ a velocity ( ov] twelve miles p] h\r1 travell+ "s two & a half miles 9 a =w>d direction1 :51 by application ( ! rudd] & judici\s managem5t1 x 0 manoeuvr$ homew>ds1 & practically br\ght to e>? at ! po9t ( dep>ture4 ,a m important trial 0 made on ! #ab? ( ! foll[+ mon?1 & 0 witness$ by ,m4 ,tiss&i]1 accord+ to :om ! a]o/at convey+ ! inv5tors asc5d$ g5tly & /eadily1 drift+ ) an appreciable breeze until ! screw 0 set 9 motion & ! helm put d[n1 :5 ! vessel 0 br\ght r\nd to ! w9d & held its own until ! motor1 by an accid5t1 ceas$ work+4 ,a little lat] ! same air %ip met ) m signal success4 ,on "o occasion1 />t+ f ,*alais-,meudon1 x took a direct c\rse to ! ,n4,e41 cross+ ! railway & ! ,se9e1 :]e ! a]onauts1 /opp+ ! screw1 asc]ta9$ ! velocity ( ! w9d to be approximately five miles an h\r4 ,! screw be+ aga9 put 9 motion1 ! balloon 0 /e]$ to ! "r1 &1 foll[+ a pa? p>allel to its fir/1 return$ to its po9t ( dep>ture4 ,/>t+ aga9 ! same aft]noon1 x 0 caus$ to p]=m a v>iety ( a]ial evolutions1 & aft] ?irty-five m9utes return$ once m to its />t+ place4 ,a tabul> comp>ison ( ! f\r navigable balloons :i* we h n[ describ$ has be5 giv5 z foll[s3-- ,date4 ,"n4 ,motor4 ,vel4 p4 ,sec4 #aheb ,m4 ,h5ri ,giff>d ,/eam eng9e #ac4ab ft4 #ahgb ,m4 ,dupuy de ,lome ,muscul> =ce #i4ah ft4 #ahhc ,,mm4 ,tiss&i] ,electric motor #i4hd ft4 #ahhd ,,mm4 ,r5>d ,krebs ,electric motor #ah4jd ft4 ,ab\t ?is p]iod1 t is 9 #ahhc1 & really prior to ! ,meudon exp]im5ts1 !re 7 o!r attempts at a]ial locomotion n to be altoge!r pass$ ov]1 :i* 7 made also 9 ,france1 b f9anc$ by ,engli% money4 ,! exp]im5ts 7 p]=m$ by ,mr4 ,f4 ,a4 ,g[]1 :o1 writ+ to ,pr(essor ,tyndall1 claims to h succe$$ 9 driv+ a l>ge balloon fairly aga9/ ! w9d by /eam p[]4 ,a melan*oly int]e/ w always belong to ^! trials f ! fact t ,mr4 ,g[] 0 subsequ5tly bl[n out to sea ) 8 balloon1 leav+ no trace beh9d4 ,at ?is /age x w be well to glance at "s ( ! m important !ories :i* 7 be+ moot$ z to ! possibility ( a]ial locomotion prop]ly s call$4 ,broadly1 !re 7 two rival s*ools at ?is "t4 ,we w call !m ! light]-?an-air-ites & ! heavi]-?an-air-ites1 respectively4 ,! =m] 7 ! advocates ( ! air vessel ( :i* ! balloon is a type4 ,! latt] s*ool ma9ta9$ t1 z birds are heavi] ?an air1 s ! air locomotive ( ! future w\ld be a ma*9e itself heavi] ?an air1 b capable ( be+ navigat$ by a motor yet to be discov]$1 :i* w\ld develop proportionate p[]4 ,sir ,h4 ,maxim's words may be aptly quot$ "h4 ,9 all ,nature1 he says1 we d n f9d a s+le balloon4 ,all ,nature's fly+ ma*9es are heavi] ?an ! air1 & dep5d altoge!r ^u ! developm5t ( dynamic en]gy4 ,! faculty ( so>+1 possess$ by _m birds1 ( :i* ! albatross may be consid]$ a type1 l$ to num]\s speculations z to :at w\ld con/itute ! ideal pr9ciple ( ! air motor4 ,sir ,g4 ,cayley1 z f> back z #ahji1 wrote a classical article on ?is subject1 )\t1 h[ev]1 add+ mu* to its elucidation4 ,o!rs aft] 8 "t conceiv$ t ! bird1 by %e] habit & practice1 c\ld p]=m1 z x 71 a trick 9 balanc+ by mak+ use ( ! complex air /reams v>y+ 9 spe$ & direction t 7 suppos$ to int]m+le above4 ,mr4 ,r4 ,a4 ,proctor discusses ! matt] ) 8 usual cle>-sight$ness4 ,he premises t ! bird may1 9 actual fact1 only poise itself = "s t5 m9utes--an int]val :i* _m w consid] f> too small--)\t flap ( ! w+s1 &1 :ile cont5d+ t ! problem mu/ be simply a me*anical "o1 is ready to admit t ! su/a9+ p[] ( ! air on bodies ( a p>ticul> =m travell+ swiftly ?r\gh x may be mu* great] or v diff]5t 9 "* f :at is suppos$4 ,9 8 op9ion1 x is a fact t a flat body travell+ swiftly & horizontally w s9k t[>ds ! gr\nd mu* m sl[ly ?an a simil> body mov+ simil>ly b ) less spe$4 ,9 pro( ( ?is he gives ! homely illu/ration ( a flat /one caus$ to make ducks & drakes4 ,?us he cont5ds t ! bird accompli%es its float+ feat simply by occasional p[]ful propulsive ef=ts1 comb9$ ) p]fect balance4 ,f :i* he d$uces ! coroll>y t if ev] ! art ( fly+1 or r ( mak+ fly+ ma*9es1 is atta9$ by man1 x w be by comb9+ rapid motion ) ! p[] ( p]fect balanc+4 ,x w n[ appe> z a natural & c]ta9 consequ5ce t a feature to be introduc$ by exp]im5tali/s into fly+ ma*9es %\ld be ! ,a]oplane1 or1 9 o!r words1 a plane :i*1 at a desir$ angle1 %\ld be driv5 at spe$ ?r\gh ! air4 ,mo/ notable attempts ) ?is exp$i5t 7 n[ %ortly made by ,hiram ,maxim1 ,langley1 & o!rs4 ,b1 contemporane\sly ) ^! attempts1 c]ta9 feats ) ! rival a]o/at--! balloon--7 accompli%$1 :i* w be mo/ fitt+ly told 9 ?is place4 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,a ,,*apt] ,,( ,,accid5ts4 ,x w h be5 ga!r$ f :at has be5 already /at$ t ! ballooni/ is commonly 9 mu* unc]ta9ty z to 8 precise c\rse :5 he is above ! cl\ds1 or :5 unable f d>kness to see ! e>? b5ea? him4 ,) a view ( ov]com+ ?is disadvantage "s orig9al exp]im5ts 7 sugge/$ by a di/+ui%$ (fic]1 :o dur+ ! sev5ties _h begun to int]e/ himself 9 a]onautics4 ,?is 0 ,capta9 ,burnaby4 ,8 me?od 0 to employ two small silk p>a*utes1 :i*1 if requir$1 might c>ry burn+ magnesium wires1 & :i* 7 to be atta*$ to ea* o!r by a l5g? ( silk ?read4 ,on dropp+ "o p>a*ute1 x w\ld fir/ p>take ( ! motion ( ! balloon1 b w\ld pres5tly drop bel[1 :5 ! second p>a*ute w\ld be dismiss$1 & !n an imag9>y l9e drawn betwe5 ! two bodies 0 suppos$ to betray ! balloon's c\rse4 ,x %\ld be m5tion$1 h[ev]1 t if a c>eful /udy is made ( ! c\rse ( _m desc5d+ p>a*utes x w be f\nd t _! behavi\r is too unc]ta9 to be reli$ ^u = su* a purpose z ! above4 ,!y w (t5 float beh9d ! balloon's wake1 b sometimes aga9 w be f\nd 9 front1 & sometimes /rik+ (f 9 "s side direction1 s wayw>d & complex are ! curr5ts :i* control su* small bodies4 ,mr4 ,glai%] has /at$ t a balloon's c\rse above ! cl\ds may be detect$ by obs]v+ ! grapnel1 suppos$ to be hang+ bel[ ! c>1 z ?is w\ld be se5 to be out ( ! v]tical z ! balloon drift$1 & ?us s]ve to indicate ! c\rse4 ,h[ev] ?is may be1 ! mo/ exp]i5c$ sky sailors w be f\nd to be 9 p]plexity z to _! direction1 z also _! spe$1 :5 view ( ! e>? is obscur$4 ,b ,capta9 ,burnaby is associat$ notably ) ! adv5tur\s side ( balloon+1 ! mo/ fam\s ( 8 a]ial exploits be+1 p]haps1 t ( cross+ ! ,engli% ,*annel alone f ,dov] on ,m>* #bcrd1 #ahhb4 ,outw>dly1 he made pres5ce ( sail+ to ,p>is by sky to d9e !re t ev5+2 inw>dly1 he _h det]m9$ to />t simply ) a w9d :i* bid fair = a cross-,*annel trip1 & to take :atev] *ances x might br+ him4 ,?us1 at #aj4cj a4m41 j z ! mail packet left ! pi]1 he ca/ (f ) a lift+ p[] :i* rapidly c>ri$ him to a height ( #b1jjj feet1 :5 he f\nd 8 c\rse to be t[>ds ,folke/one4 ,b by %ortly aft] #aa o'clock he _h decid$ t he 0 *ang+ 8 direction1 & :51 z he judg$1 "s sev5 miles f ,b\logne1 ! w9d 0 c>ry+ him n across1 b d[n ! ,*annel4 ,!n1 = ne>ly f\r h\rs1 ! balloon %ift$ ab\t ) no improvem5t 9 ! outlook1 aft] :i* ! w9d fell calm1 & ! balloon rema9$ motionless at #b1jjj feet above ! sea4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s cont9u+ = an h\r1 ! ,capta9 resolv$ on ! h]oic exp$i5t ( ca/+ out all 8 balla/ & philosophically abid+ ! issue4 ,! manoeuvre turn$ out a happy "o1 = ! balloon1 %oot+ up to #aa1jjj feet1 caught a curr5t1 on :i* x 0 rapidly c>ri$ t[>ds & ov] ! ma9 l&2 &1 :5 twelve miles beyond ,dieppe1 x became easy to desc5d to a l[] level by manipulation ( ! valve1 & f9ally to make a successful l&+ 9 op5 c\ntry beyond4 ,a few ye>s be=e1 an attempt to cross ! ,*annel f ! o!r side end$ f> m disa/r\sly4 ,jules ,duru(1 already m5tion$ z hav+ pilot$ ! fir/ runaway balloon f beleagu]$ ,p>is1 _h det]m9$ on an attempt to cross ov] to ,engl& f ,calais2 &1 duly adv]tis+ ! ev5t1 a l>ge conc\rse assembl$ on ! day ann\nc$1 clam\r+ l\dly = ! asc5t4 ,b ! w9d prov$ unsuitable1 sett+ out ov] ! ,nor? ,sea1 & ! mayor ?\ght fit to int]f]e1 & _h ! c> remov$ s z to prev5t proce$+s4 ,on ?is ! cr[d grew impati5t1 & ,duru(1 det]m9+ to keep fai? ) !m1 succe$$ by an artifice 9 rega9+ 8 c>1 :i* he ha/ily c>ri$ back to ! balloon1 & imm$iately tak+ 8 seat1 & accompani$ by 8 wife1 ! intrepid pair comm5c$ _! bold flight j z ! %ades ( ev5+ 7 settl+ d[n4 ,%ortly ! balloon disappe>$ into ! ga!r+ d>kness1 & !n = ?ree days ,calais knew no m ( balloon or ballooni/s4 ,nei!r c\ld ! voyag]s see aught = c]ta9 ( _! own c\rse1 & ?us ?r\gh ! long night h\rs _! att5tion 0 :olly ne$$1 )\t *ance ( sleep1 9 closely wat*+ _! situation1 le/ unaw>es !y %\ld be borne d[n on ! waves4 ,:5 morn+ broke !y discov]$ t !y 7 /ill be+ c>ri$ out ov] ! sea on a furi\s gale1 be+ app>5tly (f ! ,dani% coa/1 ) ! di/ant m\nta9s ( ,norway dimly visible on ! />bo>d b[4 ,x 0 at ?is po9t1 & possibly ow+ to ! *ill commonly exp]i5c$ al(t soon aft] dawn1 t ! balloon sudd5ly took a d[nw>d c\rse & plung$ into ! sea1 happily1 h[ev]1 fairly 9 ! track ( vessels4 ,pres5tly a %ip came 9 sight1 b cruelly kept on its c\rse1 leav+ ! ca/aways 9 despair1 ) _! c> fa/ succumb+ to ! waves4 ,help1 nev]!less1 0 really at h&4 ,! capta9 ( an ,engli% fi%+ smack1 ! ,gr& ,*>ge1 _h sight$ ! s9k+ balloon1 & 0 already be>+ d[n to ! rescue4 ,x is said t :51 at l5g?1 a boat came alongside z ne> z x 0 possible1 ,madame ,duru( 0 unable to make ! necess>y ef=t to jump on bo>d1 & h] husb& _h to ?r[ h] into ! arms ( ! sailors4 ,a fitt+ sequel to ! /ory comes f ,p>is1 :]e ! h]oic c\ple1 aft] a soj\rn 9 ,engl&1 7 giv5 a spl5did reception & a purse ( money1 ) :i* ,m4 ,duru( =?) con/ruct$ a new balloon1 nam$ ! ,ville de ,calais4 ,on ! #d? ( ,m>*1 #ahhb1 ! ard5t amateur ballooni/1 ,mr4 ,simmons1 _h a n>r[ escape 9 circum/ances some:at simil> to ! above4 ,he 0 attempt+1 9 company ) ,colonel ,br9e1 to cross ! ,*annel f ,cant]bury1 :5 a *ange ( w9d c>ri$ !m out t[>ds ! ,nor? ,sea4 ,fall+ 9 ! wat]1 !y ab&on$ _! balloon1 b 7 rescu$ by ! mail packet ,foam4 ,! same amateur a]onaut met ) an excit+ exp]i5ce n long aft]1 :5 9 company ) ,sir ,claude ,c4 de ,crespigny4 ,! two adv5tur]s left ,maldon1 9 ,essex1 at #aa p4m41 on an ,augu/ night1 &1 sail+ at a great height out to sea1 lo/ all sight ( l& till #f a4m4 ! next morn+1 :51 at #ag1jjj feet altitude1 !y sight$ ! opposite coa/ & desc5d$ 9 safety ne> ,flu%+4 ,yet ano!r adv5ture at sea1 & "o :i* prov$ fatal & unspeakably regrettable1 occurr$ ab\t ?is "t1 namely1 on ! #aj? ( ,decemb]1 #ahha1 :5 ,capta9 ,templ]1 ,mr4 ,w4 ,p[ell1 ,m4,p41 & ,mr4 ,agg-,g>dn] asc5d$ f ,ba?4 ,we pref] to give ! acc\nt z x appe>s 9 a lead+ article 9 ! ,times = ,decemb] #ac? ( t ye>4 ,aft] sail+ ov] ,gla/onbury1 ,crewk]ne 0 pres5tly sight$1 !n ,beam9/]4 ,! ro> ( ! sea gave ! next indication ( ! locality to :i* ! balloon _h drift$ & ! fir/ h9t ( ! possible p]ils ( ! voyage4 ,a desc5t 0 n[ effect$ to )9 a few hundr$ feet ( e>?1 & an endeav\r 0 made to asc]ta9 ! exact position !y _h rea*$4 ,! c\rse tak5 by ! balloon betwe5 ,beam9/] & ! sea is n /at$ 9 ,capta9 ,templ]'s lett]4 ,! w9d1 z f> z we c ga!r1 mu/ h %ift$1 or diff]5t curr5ts ( air mu/ h be5 f\nd at ! diff]5t altitudes4 ,:at ,capta9 ,templ] says is t !y coa/$ along to ,symonsbury1 pass+1 x w\ld seem1 9 an ea/]ly direction & keep+ /ill v ne> to ! e>?4 ,soon aft] !y _h left ,symonsbury1 ,capta9 ,templ] %\t$ to a man bel[ to tell !m h[ f> !y 7 f ,bridport1 & he receiv$ = answ] t ,bridport 0 ab\t a mile (f4 ,! pace at :i* ! balloon 0 mov+ _h n[ increas$ to ?irty-five miles an h\r4 ,! sea 0 dang]\sly close1 & a few m9utes 9 a s\!rly curr5t ( air w\ld h be5 en\gh to c>ry !m ov] x4 ,!y seem1 h[ev]1 to h be5 confid5t 9 _! own p[]s ( managem5t4 ,!y ?rew out balla/1 & rose to a height ( #a1ejj feet1 & !nce came d[n aga9 only j 9 "t1 t\*+ ! gr\nd at a di/ance ( ab\t #aej y>ds f ! cliff4 ,! balloon "h dragg$ = a few feet1 & ,capta9 ,templ]1 :o _h be5 lett+ (f ! gas1 roll$ out ( ! c>1 /ill hold+ ! valve l9e 9 8 h&4 ,?is 0 ! la/ *ance ( a safe escape = anybody4 ,! balloon1 ) its weight light5$1 w5t up ab\t eight feet4 ,mr4 ,agg-,g>dn] dropp$ out & broke 8 leg4 ,mr4 ,p[ell n[ rema9$ z ! sole occupant ( ! c>4 ,capta9 ,templ]1 :o _h /ill hold ( ! rope1 %\t$ to ,mr4 ,p[ell to come d[n ! l9e4 ,?is he attempt$ to d1 b 9 a few seconds1 & be=e he c\ld comm5ce 8 p]il\s desc5t1 ! l9e 0 torn out ( ,capta9 ,templ]'s h&s4 ,all communication ) ! e>? 0 cut (f1 & ! balloon rose rapidly1 tak+ ,mr4 ,p[ell ) x 9 a s\?-ea/]ly direction out to sea4 ,x 0 a few seasons previ\s to ?is1 namely1 on ! #h? ( ,july1 #ahgd1 :5 ,mr4 ,simmons 0 conc]n$ 9 a balloon fatality ( a peculi>ly di/ress+ nature4 ,a ,belgian1 ,v9c5t de ,gro(1 /yl+ himself ! ,fly+ ,man1 ann\nc$ 8 int5tion ( desc5d+ 9 a p>a*ute f a balloon pilot$ by ,mr4 ,simmons1 :o 0 to />t f ,cremorne ,g>d5s4 ,! balloon duly asc5d$1 ) ,de ,gro( 9 8 ma*9e susp5d$ bel[1 & :5 ov] ,/4 ,luke's ,*ur*1 & at a height e/imat$ at #hj feet1 x is ?\ght t ! un=tunate man ov]balanc$ himself aft] deta*+ 8 app>atus1 & fell =w>d1 cl++ to ! ropes4 ,! ma*9e fail$ to op51 & ,de ,gro( 0 precipitat$ into ,rob]t ,/reet1 ,*elsea1 expir+ almo/ imm$iately4 ,! port] ( ,*elsea ,infirm>y1 :o 0 wat*+ ! balloon1 ass]t$ t he fanci$ ! fall+ man call$ out twice1 ,drop into ! *ur*y>d2 look out6 ,mr4 ,simmons1 %oot+ upw>ds 9 8 balloon1 ?us sudd5ly light5$1 to a great height1 became ins5sible1 & :5 he recov]$ consci\sness f\nd himself ov] ,victoria ,p>k4 ,he made a desc5t1 )\t mi%ap1 on a l9e ( railway 9 ,essex4 ,on ! #ai? ( ,augu/1 #ahhg1 occurr$ an important total eclipse ( ! sun1 ! track ( :i* lay across ,g]many1 ,russia1 ,we/]n ,sib]ia1 & ,japan4 ,at all suitable /ations along ! %ad[ track a/ronom]s f all p>ts ( ! _w e/abli%$ !mselves2 b at _m eclipses obs]v]s _h _h bad =tune ow+ to ! ph5om5on at ! critical mom5t be+ obscur$4 ,& on ?is acc\nt "o a/ronom] det]m9$ on measures :i* %\ld r5d] 8 *ances ( a cle> view a practical c]ta9ty4 ,pr(essor ,m5deleef1 9 ,russia1 resolv$ to engage a balloon1 & by ris+ above ! cl\d b>ri]1 %\ld !re be "o1 to h ! eclipse all to himself4 ,x 0 an example ( f9e en?usiasm1 :i*1 moreov]1 0 pres5tly put to a sev]e & unexpect$ te/1 = ! balloon1 :5 inflat$1 prov$ unable to take up bo? ! a]onaut & ! a/ronom]1 :]eupon ! latt]1 ?\gh :olly inexp]i5c$1 _h no alt]native b to asc5d alone1 :i*1 ei!r by accid5t or *oice1 he actually did4 ,%oot+ up into space1 he soon rea*$ an altitude ( #aa1ejj feet1 :]e he obta9$1 ev5 if he did n enjoy1 an unob/ruct$ view ( ! ,corona4 ,x may be suppos$1 h[ev]1 t1 ow+ to ! novelty ( 8 situation1 8 sci5tific obs]vations may n h be5 s complete z !y w\ld h be5 on t]ra firma4 ,9 ! same mon? an attempt to rea* a record height 0 made by ,,mm4 ,jovis & ,mallet at ,p>is1 ) ! net result t an elevation ( #bc1jjj feet 0 rea*$4 ,x w h be5 not$ t ! difficulty ?r\gh physical exhau/ion ( inhal+ oxyg5 f ei!r a bag or cyl9d] is a s]i\s matt] n easily ov]come1 & x has be5 sugge/$ t ! helmet inv5t$ by ,m4 ,fleuss might prove ( value4 ,?is contrivance1 :i* has sc>cely attract$ ! att5tion x has m]it$1 provides a receptacle = respiration1 conta9+ oxyg5 & c]ta9 purify+ m$ia1 by means ( :i* ! inv5tor 0 able to rema9 = h\rs "u wat] )\t any communication ) ! outw>d air4 ,ab\t ! p]iod at :i* we h n[ arriv$ two fatal accid5ts befel ,engli% a]onauts4 ,we h relat$ h[ ,maldon1 9 ,essex1 0 associat$ ) "o ( ! m adv5tur\s exploits 9 ,mr4 ,simmons's c>e]4 ,x 0 fat$ also to be associat$ ) ! voyage ) :i* 8 c>e] clos$4 ,on ,augu/ #bg?1 #ahhh1 he asc5d$ f ,olympia 9 company ) ,mr4 ,field1 ( ,we/ ,brighton1 & ,mr4 ,my]s1 ( ! ,natural ,hi/ory ,museum1 ) ! int5tion1 if practicable1 ( cross+ to ,fl&]s2 & ! voyage proce$$ happily until ! neighb\rhood ( ,maldon 0 rea*$1 :51 z ! sea coa/ 0 9 sight1 & x 0 already pa/ five o'clock1 x appe>$ prud5t to ,mr4 ,simmons to desc5d & moor ! balloon = ! night4 ,"s lab\r]s "s ?ree miles f ,maldon sight$ ! balloon com+ up at spe$1 & at ! same "t desc5d+ until its grapnel comm5c$ te>+ ?r\gh a field ( b>ley1 :5 balla/ 0 ?r[n out1 caus+ ! balloon to rise aga9 t[>ds & ov] "s tall elms1 :i* became ! cause ( ! disa/] :i* foll[$4 ,! grapnel1 cat*+ 9 ! upp] b\ghs ( "o ( ^! trees1 held fa/1 :ile ! balloon1 borne by ! =ce ( a /rong w9d1 0 repeat$ly bl[n d[n to e>? ) viol5ce1 reb\nd+ ea* "t to a consid]able height1 only to be flung d[n aga9 on ! same spot4 ,aft] ?ree or f\r impacts ! balloon is report$ to h bur/ ) a l\d noise1 :5 high 9 ! air1 ! silk be+ bl[n ab\t ov] ! field1 & ! c> & its occupants da%$ to ! gr\nd4 ,help 0 unavail+ till ?is f9al cata/rophe1 & :51 at l5g?1 ! lab\r]s 7 able to extricate ! p>ty1 ,mr4 ,simmons 0 f\nd ) a fractur$ skull & bo? companions badly injur$4 ,f\r summ]s lat]1 ,june #cj?1 #ahib1 ,capta9 ,dale1 ! a]onaut to ! ,cry/al ,palace1 0 ann\nc$ to make an asc5t f ! usual balloon gr\nds1 wea!r p]mitt+4 ,?r\gh ! night & morn+ a viol5t /orm prevail$1 & x 0 contemplat$ t ! exhibition w\ld be )drawn2 b ! w9d abat+ 9 ! aft]noon1 ! inflation 0 proce$$ )1 & ! asc5t took place %ortly be=e #f p4m41 n1 h[ev]1 be=e a l>ge r5t _h be5 discov]$ & repair$ z f> z possible by ,mrs4 ,dale4 ,z pass5g]s1 !re asc5d$ ! ,capta9's son ,william1 ag$ n9ete51 ,mr4 ,j4 ,mac9to%1 & ,mr4 ,cecil ,%adbolt4 ,:5 ! balloon _h rea*$ an altitude e/imat$ at #fjj feet ! onlook]s 7 horrifi$ to see x sudd5ly collapse1 a l>ge r5t hav+ develop$ ne> ! top "p ( ! silk1 f :i* ! gas ru%$ out 9 a d5se mass1 all[+ ! balloon to fall l a rag4 ,! occupants ( ! c> 7 se5 to be ?r[+ out ev]y?+ madly1 ev5 wr5*+ ! buttons f _! clo?+4 ,all1 h[ev]1 ) little avail1 = ! balloon fell ) a sick5+ ?ud1 midway betwe5 ! ,maze & l[] lake4 ,all 7 f\nd alive2 b ,capta9 ,dale1 :o _h alight$ on 8 back1 di$ 9 a few m9utes2 ,mr4 ,%adbolt succumb$ lat]1 & bo? rema9+ pass5g]s su/a9$ t]rible injuries4 ,few balloon mi%aps1 unatt5d$ ) fatal results1 h prov$ m excit+ ?an ! foll[+4 ,a l>ge p>ty _h asc5d$ f ,belfa/1 9 a mon/] balloon1 "u ! guidance ( ,mr4 ,coxwell1 on a day :i* 0 v unfit = ! purpose by reason ( /ormy wea!r4 ,a m s]i\s tr\ble ?an ! w9d1 h[ev]1 lay 9 sev]al ( ! pass5g]s !mselves1 :o seem to h be5 highly excitable ,iri%m51 incapable at ! critical mom5t ( quietly obey+ ord]s4 ,! pr9cipal h]o ( ! /ory1 a ,g]man4 ,mr4 ,runge1 9 writ+ aft]w>ds to ! ,ul/] ,obs]v]1 entirely exon]ates ,mr4 ,coxwell f any blame1 attribut+ 8 mis*ances solely to ! repreh5sible conduct ( 8 companions4 ,on approa*+ ! gr\nd1 ,mr4 ,coxwell gave cle> in/ructions4 ,! pass5g]s 7 to sit d[n 9 an uncon/ra9$ position fac+ ea* o!r1 & be prep>$ = "s heavy %ocks4 ,above all ?+s !y 7 to be c>eful to get out "o by "o1 & on no acc\nt to leave hold ( ! c>4 ,_m ( ! pass5g]s1 h[ev]1 refus$ to sit d[n1 &1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,runge1 behav$ 9 ! wilde/ mann]1 los+ completely _! self-control4 ,seiz+ ! valve rope !mselves1 !y tore x away f its atta*m5t1 ! /rong] pu%+ back ! weak]1 & refus+ to l5d help :5 !y _h got out4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is ! c>1 reliev$ ( _! weight1 tore away f ! grasp ( ,mr4 ,coxwell & ^? :o /ill clung to x1 & rose above ! trees1 ) ,mr4 ,runge & "o o!r pass5g]1 ,mr4 ,half]ty1 alone )94 ,z ! balloon came e>?w>ds aga91 !y %\t$ to ! c\ntrym5 = succ\r1 b )\t ! slighte/ avail1 & pres5tly1 ! an*or cat*+1 ! c> /ruck ! e>? ) a %ock :i* ?rew ,mr4 ,half]ty out on ! gr\nd1 leav+ ,mr4 ,runge to rise aga9 into ! air1 ?is "t alone4 ,he ?us cont9ues ! /ory3-- ,! balloon mov$ on1 v soon1 9 a horizontal direction /raight t[>ds ! sea1 :i* we 7 !n rapidly ne>+4 ,com+ to a f>m1 ,i %\t$ out to ! p /&+ !re4 ,"s wom51 ) _! quick humane in/9cts1 7 ! fir/ to p]ceive my dang]1 & exhort$ ! m5 to hurry to my assi/ance1 !y !mselves runn+ z fa/ z !y c\ld to t5d] :at little help !y might be able to give me4 ,! an*or /uck 9 a will[ tree4 ,i %\t$ out to ! p bel[ to secure ! cable & an*or by ropes1 :i* !y did4 ,! ev5+ 0 n[ beautifully /ill1 ! breeze _h di$ away1 & ! balloon 0 sw++ calmly at h] moor+s above ! f>mh\se4 ,"o ( ! m5 ask$ me :e!r ,i _h a rope ) me1 & h[ ,i int5d$ to get out4 ,i told !m only to take c>e ( ! cable1 because ! balloon w\ld settle d[n by h]self be=e long4 ,i 0 congratulat+ myself on a spe$y escape f my dang]\s position4 ,i _h n c\nt$ on ! w9d4 ,a breeze 9 ab\t six or eight m9utes sprang up1 toss$ ! balloon ab\t l a l>ge sail1 !n a cra%1 &--! an*or 0 loose aga94 ,x tore ?r\gh ! trees1 fl++ limbs & bran*es ab\t l mat*es4 ,x /ruck ! ro( ( ! f>mh\se1 spl9t]+ ! *imneys & tiles l glass4 ,on ,i w5t2 ,i came ne> ano!r f>m2 %\t$ out = help1 & told ! m5 to secure ! an*or to ! foot ( a l>ge tree close by4 ,! an*or 0 soon made fa/1 b ?is 0 only a mom5t>y relief4 ,! breeze aga9 fill$ ! half-empty balloon l a sail1 !re 0 a sev]e /ra9 on ! cable1 !n a dull s\nd1 & a sev]e concussion ( ! basket--! cable1 /range fatality1 _h brok51 & ! an*or1 my la/ & only hope1 0 gone4 ,i 0 n[ c>ri$ on 9 a /raight direction t[>ds ! sea1 :i* 0 b a %ort di/ance ahead4 ,! an*or be+ lo/ ,i gave up all hope4 ,i sat d[n resign$ 9 ! c>1 & prep>$ = ! end4 ,all at once ,i discov]$ t a side curr5t 0 drift+ me t[>ds ! m\nta92 ! c> /ruck ! gr\nd1 & 0 da%+ along at a fe>ful rate1 knock+ d[n /one f5ces & break+ ev]y?+ x came 9 contact ) 9 its wild c>e]4 ,by-&-by ! knocks became less frequ5t4 ,we 7 pass+ ov] a cultivat$ c\ntry1 & ! c> 01 z x 7 skimm+ ! surface & graz+ ! top ( ! h$ges4 ,i saw a ?ick haw?orn h$ge at "s di/ance be=e me1 & ! balloon rapidly sweep+ t[>ds x4 ,t 0 my only *ance4 ,i ru%$ to ! edge ( ! c> & flung myself d[n ^u ! h$ge4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,com+ ,,( ,,! ,,fly+ ,,ma*9e4 ,9 ! e>ly n9eties ! air %ip 0 engag+ ! att5tion ( _m inv5tors1 & 0 mak+ important /rides 9 ! h&s ( ,mr4 ,maxim4 ,?is unrivall$ me*anician1 9 /at+ ! case1 premises t a motive p[] has to be discov]$ :i* c develop at lea/ z mu* p[] 9 proportion to its weight z a bird is able to develop4 ,he ass]ts t a heavy bird1 ) relatively small w+s--su* z a goose--c>ries ab\t #aej lb4 to ! horse p[]1 :ile ! albatross or ! vulture1 possess$ ( proportionately great] w+$ surface1 c c>ry ab\t #bej lbs4 p] horse p[]4 ,pr(essor ,langley1 ( ,wa%+ton1 work+ contemporane\sly1 b indep5d5tly ( ,mr4 ,maxim1 _h tri$ exhau/ive exp]im5ts on a rotat+ arm 7*>act]i/ically designat$ by ,mr4 ,maxim a m]ry-g-r\nd71 ?irty feet long1 apply+ screw propell]s4 ,he us$1 = ! mo/ "p1 small planes1 c>ry+ loads ( only two or ?ree p\nds1 &1 "u ^! circum/ances1 ! weight c>ri$ 0 at ! rate ( #bej lbs4 p] horse p[]4 ,8 important /atem5ts ) reg>d to ^! trials are t "o-horse p[] w transport a l>g] weight at tw5ty miles an h\r ?an at t51 & a /ill l>g] at =ty miles ?an at tw5ty1 & s on2 t ! su/a9+ pressure ( ! air on a plane mov+ at a small angle ( incl9ation to a horizontal pa? is _m times great] ?an w\ld result f ! =mula implicitly giv5 by ,newton1 :ile1 :]eas 9 l& or m>9e transport increas$ spe$ is ma9ta9$ only by a disproportionate exp5diture ( p[] )9 ! limits ( exp]im5t1 9 a]ial horizontal transport ! high] spe$s are m economical ( p[] ?an ! l[] ones4 ,?is ,mr4 ,maxim is evid5tly ready to endorse1 /at+1 9 8 own words1 t birds obta9 ! great] "p ( _! support by mov+ =w>d ) suffici5t velocity s z to be con/antly re/+ on new air1 ! in]tia ( :i* has n be5 di/urb$4 ,mr4 ,maxim's trials 7 on a scale comp>able ) all 8 me*anical a*ievem5ts4 ,he employ$ = 8 exp]im5ts a rotat+ arm1 sweep+ out a circle1 ! circumf]5ce ( :i* 0 #bjj feet4 ,to ! end ( ?is arm he atta*$ a cig>-%ap$ app>atus1 driv5 by a screw1 & arrang$ 9 su* a mann] t a]o-planes c\ld be atta*$ to x at any angle4 ,^! planes 7 on a l>ge scale1 c>ry+ weights ( f #bj lbs4 to #ajj lbs4 ,) ?is contrivance he f\nd t1 :atev] pu% ! screw communicat$ to ! a]o-plane1 ! plane w\ld lift 9 a v]tical direction f t5 to fifte5 times z mu* z ! horizontal pu% t x receiv$ f ! screw1 & :i* dep5d$ ^u ! angle at :i* ! plane 0 set1 & ! spe$ at :i* ! app>atus 0 travell+ ?r\gh ! air4 ,next1 hav+ det]m9$ by exp]im5t ! p[] requir$ to p]=m artificial flight1 ,mr4 ,maxim appli$ himself to design+ ! requisite motor4 ,i con/ruct$1 he /ates1 two sets ( comp\nd eng9es ( temp]$ /eel1 all ! p>ts be+ made v light & /rong1 & a /eam g5]ator ( peculi> con/ruction1 ! great] "p ( ! heat+ surface consi/+ ( small & ?9 copp] tubes4 ,= fuel ,i employ$ naph?a4 ,?is ,mr4 ,maxim wrote 9 #ahib1 add+ t he 0 !n exp]im5t+ ) a l>ge ma*9e1 hav+ a spread ( ov] #ajj feet4 ,lab\r1 skill1 & money 7 lavi%ly devot$ h5ce=w>d to ! great task und]tak51 & x 0 n long be=e ! giant fly+ ma*9e1 ! outcome ( s mu* pati5t exp]im5t+1 0 complet$ & put to a practical trial4 ,its weight 0 #g1ejj lbs4 ,! screw propell]s 7 ne>ly #ah feet 9 diamet]1 ea* ) two blades1 :ile ! eng9es 7 capable ( be+ run up to #cfj horse p[]4 ,! entire ma*9e 0 m\nt$ on an inn] railway track ( #i feet & an out] ( #ce feet gauge1 :ile above !re 0 a rev]s$ rail along :i* ! ma*9e w\ld beg9 to run s soon z ) increase ( spe$ x comm5c$ to lift itself (f ! inn] track4 ,9 "o ( ! late/ exp]im5ts x 0 f\nd t :5 a spe$ ( #db miles an h\r 0 atta9$ all ! :eels 7 runn+ on ! upp] track1 & revolv+ 9 ! opposite direction f ^? on ! l[] track4 ,h[ev]1 aft] runn+ ab\t #a1jjj feet1 an axle tree d\bl$ up1 & imm$iately aft]w>ds ! upp] track broke away1 & ! ma*9e1 becom+ lib]at$1 float$ 9 ! air1 giv+ ^? on bo>d a s5sation ( be+ 9 a boat4 ,! exp]im5t prov$ conclusively to ! inv5tor t a ma*9e c\ld be made on a l>ge scale1 9 :i* ! lift+ effect %\ld be consid]ably great] ?an ! weight ( ! ma*9e1 & ?is1 too1 :5 a /eam eng9e 0 ! motor4 ,:51 !re=e1 9 ! ye>s %ortly foll[+1 ! /eam eng9e 0 = ! purposes ( a]ial locomotion sup]s$$ by ! light] & m suitable petrol eng9e1 ! con/ruction ( a navigable air %ip became va/ly m practicable4 ,/ill1 9 ,sir ,h4 ,maxim's op9ion1 lately express$1 ^? :o seek to navigate ! air by ma*9es light] ?an ! air h come1 practically1 to ! end ( _! te!r1 :ile1 on ! o!r h&1 ^? :o seek to navigate ! air ) ma*9es heavi] ?an ! air h n ev5 made a />t z yet1 & ! possibilities be=e !m are v great inde$4 ,z to ! ass]tion t ! a]ial navigators la/ m5tion$ h n ev5 made a />t z yet1 we c only say t ,sir ,h4 ,maxim speaks ) f> too mu* mode/y4 ,8 own colossal lab\rs 9 ! direction ( t mode ( a]ial flight1 :i* he consid]s to be alone feasible1 are ( ! fir/ importance & value1 &1 z f> z !y h gone1 exhau/ive4 ,_h 8 exp]im5ts be5 simply conf9$ to 8 classical inve/igations ( ! prop] =m ( ! screw propell] 8 "n w\ld /ill h be5 h&$ d[n z a true pione] 9 a]onautics4 ,8 "w1 h[ev]1 cov]s f> wid] gr\nd1 & he has1 9 a v>iety ( ways1 furni%$ practical & reliable data1 :i* mu/ always be an indisp5sable guide to e future work] 9 ! same field4 ,pr(essor ,langley1 9 attack+ ! same problem1 fir/ /udi$ ! pr9ciple & behavi\r ( a well-kn[n toy--! model inv5t$ by ,p5aud1 :i*1 driv5 by ! t5sion ( india-rubb]1 su/a9s itself 9 ! air = a few seconds4 ,he con/ruct$ ov] ?irty modifications ( ?is model1 & sp5t _m mon?s 9 try+ f ^! to z c]ta9 :at he t]ms ! laws ( balanc+ lead+ to horizontal flight4 ,8 be/ endeav\rs at fir/1 h[ev]1 %[$ t he ne$$ ?ree or f\r feet ( su/a9+ surface to a p\nd ( weight1 :]eas he calculat$ t a bird c\ld so> ) a surface ( less ?an half a foot to ! p\nd4 ,he next proce$$ to /eam-driv5 models 9 :i* = a "t he f\nd an insup]able difficulty 9 keep+ d[n ! weight1 :i*1 9 practice1 always exce$$ 8 calculation2 & x 0 n till ! end ( #ahic t he felt himself prep>$ = a fair trial4 ,at ?is "t he _h prep>$ a model weigh+ betwe5 n9e & t5 p\nds1 & he ne$$ only a suitable laun*+ app>atus to be us$ ov] wat]4 ,! model w\ld1 l a bird1 require an initial velocity imp>t$ to x1 & ! discov]y ( a suitable app>atus gave him great tr\ble4 ,= ! re/ ! facilities = laun*+ 7 suppli$ by a h\seboat moor$ on ! ,potomac4 ,foil$ aga9 & aga9 by _m difficulties1 x 0 n till aft] repeat$ failures & ! lapse ( _m mon?s1 :51 z ! ,pr(essor himself puts x1 hope 0 l[1 t success f9ally came4 ,x 0 9 ! e>ly "p ( #ahif t a successful flight 0 accompli%$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ,dr4 ,bell1 ( telephone fame1 & ! foll[+ is a brief epitome ( ! acc\nt t ?is accompli%$ sci5ti/ contribut$ to ! columns ( ,nature3-- ,! fly+ ma*9e1 built1 app>5tly1 almo/ entirely ( metal1 0 driv5 by an eng9e said to weigh1 ) fuel & wat]1 ab\t #be lbs41 ! support+ surface f tip to tip be+ #ab or #ad feet4 ,/>t+ f a plat=m ab\t #bj feet high1 ! ma*9e rose at fir/ directly 9 ! face ( ! w9d1 mov+ ) great /ead9ess1 & subsequ5tly :eel+ 9 l>ge curves until /eam 0 exhau/$1 :51 f a height ( #hj or #ajj feet1 x %ortly settl$ d[n4 ,! exp]im5t 0 !n repeat$ ) simil> results4 ,its motion 0 s /eady t a glass ( wat] might h rema9$ unspill$4 ,! actual l5g? ( flight ea* "t1 :i* la/$ = a m9ute & a half1 exce$$ half a mile1 :ile ! velocity 0 betwe5 tw5ty & tw5ty-five miles an h\r 9 a c\rse t 0 con/antly tak+ x 'up hill4' ,a yet m successful flight 0 subsequ5tly made4 ,b flight ( ano!r nature 0 be+ c\rage\sly attempt$ at ?is "t4 ,otto ,lili5?al1 ( ,b]l91 9 imitation ( ! motion ( birds1 con/ruct$ a fly+ app>atus :i* he op]at$ himself1 & ) :i* he c\ld float d[n f consid]able elevations4 ,! feat1 he w>ns tyros1 requires practice4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ! height %\ld be mod]ate1 & ! w+s n too l>ge1 or ! w9d w soon %[ t x is n to be trifl$ )4 ,! inv5tor comm5c$ ) all due caution1 mak+ 8 fir/ attempt ov] a grass plot f a spr+ bo>d "o metre high1 & subsequ5tly increas+ ?is height to two & a half metres1 f :i* elevation he c\ld safely cross ! entire grass plot4 ,lat] he laun*$ himself f ! l[] ridges ( a hill #bej feet high1 :5 he sail$ to a di/ance ( ov] #bej y>ds1 & ?is "t he writes en?usia/ically ( 8 self-taught accompli%m5t3-- ,to ^? :o1 f a mode/ beg9n+ & ) gradually increas$ ext5t & elevation ( flight h ga9$ full control ov] ! app>atus1 x is n 9 ! lea/ dang]\s to cross deep & broad rav9es4 ,x is a difficult task to convey to "o :o has nev] enjoy$ a]ial flight a cle> p]ception ( ! exhil>at+ pleasure ( ?is ela/ic motion4 ,! elevation above ! gr\nd loses its t]rors1 because we h le>n$ by exp]i5ce :at sure dep5d5ce may be plac$ ^u ! buoyancy ( ! air4 ,z a comm5t>y to ! above we extract ! foll[+3--,we h to record ! dea? ( ,otto ,lili5?al1 ^: so>+ ma*9e1 dur+ a glid+ flight1 sudd5ly tilt$ ov] at a height ( ab\t #fj feet1 by :i* mi%ap he met an untimely dea? on ,augu/ #i?1 #ahif4 ,mr4 ,o4 ,*anute1 ,c4,e4 ( ,*icago1 took up ! /udy ( glid+ flight at ! po9t :]e ,lili5?al left x1 &1 lat]1 ,pr(essor ,fitzg]ald & o!rs4 ,besides t inv5t$ by ,p5aud1 o!r a]o-plane models dem&+ m5tion _h be5 produc$ by ,tat91 ,moy1 ,/r+fell[1 & ,lawr5ce ,h>grave1 ( ,au/ralia1 ! subsequ5t inv5tor ( ! well-kn[n cellul> kite4 ,^! models1 = ! mo/ "p1 aim at ! me*anical solution ( ! problem connect$ ) ! so>+ flight ( a bird4 ,! !oretical solution ( ! same problem _h be5 attack$ by ,pr(essor ,langley 9 a ma/]ly monograph1 entitl$ ,! ,int]nal ,"w ( ! ,w9d4 ,by pa9/ak+ exp]im5t ) delicate in/rum5ts1 specially con/ruct$1 ! ,pr(essor %[s t w9d 9 g5]al1 s f> f be+1 z 0 commonly assum$1 m]e air put 9 motion ) an approximately uni=m velocity 9 ! same /rata1 is1 9 reality1 v>iable & irregul> 9 its movem5ts beyond any?+ :i* _h be5 anticipat$1 be+ made up1 9 fact1 ( a succession ( brief pulsations 9 diff]5t directions1 & ( great complexity4 ,^! pulsations1 he argues1 if ( suffici5t amplitude & frequ5cy1 w\ld be capable1 by reason ( _! own int]nal "w1 ( su/a9+ or ev5 rais+ a suitably curv$ surface :i* 0 be+ c>ri$ along by ! ma9 mean air /ream4 ,?is w\ld acc\nt = ! ph5om5on ( so>+4 ,"l ,rayleigh1 discuss+ ! same problem1 premises t :5 a bird is so>+ ! air _c be mov+ uni=mly & horizontally4 ,!n comes ! natural "q1 ,is x mov+ 9 asc5d+ curr5ts8 ,"l ,rayleigh has frequ5tly notic$ su* curr5ts1 p>ticul>ly above a cliff fac+ ! w9d4 ,aga91 to quote ano!r em95t au?ority1 ,major ,bad5-,p[ell1 on an occasion :5 fly+ "o ( 8 own kites1 f\nd x gett+ to s high an angle t x pres5tly rose absolutely ov]head1 ) ! /r+ p]p5dicul>4 ,he !n took up a heavy piece ( wood1 :i*1 :5 ti$ to ! /r+1 began to rise 9 ! air4 ,he satisfi$ himself t ?is curi\s result 0 solely due to a /rong uptake ( ! air4 ,b1 aga91 ,"l ,rayleigh1 l5d+ support to ,pr(essor ,langley's argum5t1 po9ts out t ! app>5t cause ( so>+ may be ! non-uni=mity ( ! w9d4 ,! upp] curr5ts are g5]ally /rong] ?an ! l[]1 & x is me*anically possible = a bird1 tak+ advantage ( two adjac5t air /reams1 diff]5t 9 velocity1 to ma9ta9 itself 9 air )\t ef=t on its own "p4 ,"l ,rayleigh1 proce$+ to give 8 views on artificial flight1 decl>es ! ma9 problem ( ! fly+ ma*9e to be ! problem ( ! a]ial plane4 ,he /ates ! case ?us3--,suppos+ a plane surface to be fall+ v]tically at ! rate ( f\r miles an h\r1 & also mov+ horizontally at ! rate ( tw5ty miles an h\r1 x might h be5 suppos$ t ! horizontal motion w\ld make no diff]5ce to ! pressure on its "u surface :i* ! fall+ plane mu/ exp]i5ce4 ,we are told1 h[ev]1 t 9 actual trial ! horizontal motion mu* increases ! pressure "u ! fall+ plane1 & x is ?is fact on :i* ! possibility ( natural & artificial flight dep5ds4 ,ere ?is op9ion _h be5 /at$ by ,"l ,rayleigh 9 8 disc\rse on ,flight1 at ! ,royal ,in/itution1 !re 7 already at "w ^u ! a]o-plane a small army ( inv5tors1 ( :om x w be only possible 9 a future *apt] to m5tion "s4 ,due ref]5ce1 h[ev]1 %\ld "h be made to ,mr4 ,w4 ,f4 ,w5ham1 ( ,bo/on1 ,u4,s4,a41 :o _h be5 at "w on artificial flight = _m ye>s1 & to ^: lab\rs 9 det]m9+ :e!r man's p[] is suffici5t to raise 8 own weight ,"l ,rayleigh paid a high tribute4 ,z f> back z #ahff ,mr4 ,w5ham _h publi%$ a pap] on a]ial locomotion1 9 :i* he %[s t any imitation by man ( ! f>-ext5d$ w+s ( a bird might be impracticable1 ! alt]native be+ to arrange ! necess>y l5g? ( w+ z a s]ies ( a]o-planes1 a conception f> 9 advance ( _m !ori/s ( 8 "t4 ,b !re _h be5 developm5ts 9 a]o/ation 9 o!r l9es1 & x is "t to turn f ! some:at t$i\s te*nicalities ( me*anical flight & ! !ory or practice ( so>+1 to ano!r important means = trav]s+ ! air--! p>a*ute4 ,?is a]ial ma*9e1 long laid aside1 0 to l5d its aid to ! navigation ( ! air ) a reliability nev] be=e realis$4 ,pr(essor ,baldw91 z he 0 t]m$1 an ,am]ican a]onaut1 arriv$ 9 ,engl& 9 ! summ] ( #ahhh1 & comm5c$ giv+ a s]ies ( exhibitions f ! ,alex&ra ,palace ) a p>a*ute ( 8 own inv5tion1 :i*1 9 actual p]=mance1 seems to h be5 ! mo/ p]fect in/rum5t ( ! k9d up to t "t devis$4 ,x 0 said to be ab\t #ah feet 9 diamet]1 :]eas t ( ,g>n]91 already m5tion$1 _h a diamet] ( "s #cj feet1 & 0 di/9ctly top-heavy1 ow+ to its be+ ?us inadequately balla/$2 = x 0 calculat$ t its enorm\s size w\ld h s]v$ = ! safe desc5t1 n ( "o man1 b ( f\r or five4 ,baldw9's p>a*ute1 on ! contr>y1 0 reckon$ to give safe desc5t to #bej lbs41 :i* w\ld include weight ( man & app>atus1 & r$uce ! ultimate fall to "o n exce$+ #h feet4 ,! p>a*ute 0 atta*$ to ! r+ ( a small balloon ( #ab1jjj cubic feet1 & ! ,pr(essor asc5d$1 sitt+ on a m]e sl+ ( rope1 :i* did duty = a c>4 ,mr4 ,?omas ,moy1 :o inve/igat$ ! me*anics ( ! contrivance1 e/imat$ t aft] a drop ( #af feet1 ! upw>d pressure1 am\nt+ to ov] #b lb4 p] squ>e foot1 w\ld act on a surface ( n less ?an #bed squ>e feet4 ,!re 01 at ! "t1 mu* fooli% comm5t on ! great di/ance :i* ! p>a*ute fell be=e x op5$1 a complete delusion due to ! fact t obs]v]s fail$ to see t at ! mom5t ( sep>ation ! balloon itself sprang upw>d4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,sp5c]s4 ,x has be5 9 ! h&s ( ! ,sp5c]s t ! p>a*ute1 z also _m o!r practical details ( a]onautics1 has be5 p]fect$1 & "s due sket* ( ! c>e] ( ?is family ( em95t a]onauts mu/ be no long] delay$4 ,*>les ,gre5 _h /ood godfa!r to ! y\nge/ son ( 8 fri5d & colleague1 ,mr4 ,edw>d ,sp5c]1 & 9 lat] ye>s1 z ?\gh to v9dicate ! fact1 ?is same son took up ! sci5ce ( a]onautics at ! po9t :]e 8 fa!r _h left x4 ,we f9d 8 "n 9 ! records ( ! ,pat5t ,(fice ( #ahfh z ! inv5tor ( a manumetric fly+ ma*9e1 & !re are acc\nts ( ! fly+ leaps ( sev]al hundr$ feet :i* he 0 enabl$ to take by means ( ! ma*9e he con/ruct$4 ,aga91 9 #ahhb we f9d him an inv5tor1 ?is "t ( ! pat5t asbe/os fire balloon1 by means ( :i* ! pr9cipal dang] to su* balloons 0 ov]come4 ,at ?is po9t x is ne$ful to make m5tion ( ! ?ird g5]ation--! sev]al sons :o e>ly %[$ _! zeal & aptitude = p]petuat+ ! family tradition4 ,x 0 f 8 s*ool playgr\nd t ! elde/ son1 ,p]cival1 witness$ ) int5se int]e/ :at appe>$ l a drop float+ 9 ! sky at an imm5se altitude4 ,?is prov$ to be ,simmons's balloon1 :i* _h j ris5 to a va/ elevation ov] ,cremorne ,g>d5s1 aft] hav+ lib]at$ ! un=tunate ,de ,gro(1 z m5tion$ 9 a =m] *apt]4 ,& "o may be sure t ! t]rible reality ( ! disa/] t _h happ5$ 0 n lo/ on ! "y s*oolboy4 ,b 8 wi% 0 to become an a]onauts1 & f ?is desire no?+ det]r$ him1 s t s*ool days 7 sc>cely ov] be=e he began to accompany 8 fa!r al(t1 & 9 a v few ye>s1 i4e4 9 #ahhh1 he _h assum$ ! full responsibilities ( a pr(essional ballooni/4 ,x 0 9 ?is ye> t ,pr(essor ,baldw9 appe>$ 9 ,engl&1 & x is easy to und]/& t ! p>a*ute became an object ( int]e/ to ! "y ,sp5c]1 :o comm5c$ on 8 own acc\nt a s]ies ( trials at ! ,alex&ra ,palace1 & x 0 n[1 also1 t *ance good =tune came 8 way4 ,an ,indian g5tleman1 :o 0 witness ( 8 exp]im5ts1 & conv9c$ t a fav\rable field = _! fur!r developm5t exi/$ 9 8 own c\ntry1 propos$ to ! "y aspirant t he %\ld accompany him to ,india1 ) equipm5t suit$ = ! mak+ ( a successful campaign4 ,?us x came ab\t t 9 ! e>ly days ( #ahhi1 9 ! height ( ! season1 ,mr4 ,p]cival ,sp5c] arriv$ at ,bombay1 & at once comm5c$ pr(essional bus9ess 9 e>ne/4 ,coal gas be+ "h available1 a maid5 asc5t 0 quickly arrang$1 & duly ann\nc$ to take place at ! ,gov]nm5t ,h\se1 ,p>al1 ! *ief attraction be+ ! p>a*ute desc5t1 ! fir/ ev] attempt$ 9 ,india4 ,?is prelim9>y exhibition prov+ 9 all ways a complete success1 ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 aft] a few repetitions ( 8 p]=mance1 repair$ to ,calcutta2 b "h great difficulties 7 exp]i5c$ 9 ! matt] ( gas4 ,! coal gas available 0 inadequate1 & :5 rec\rse 0 _h to pure hydrog5 ! supply prov$ too sluggi%4 ,at ! adv]tis$ h\r ( dep>ture ! balloon 0 n suffici5tly inflat$1 :ile ! spectators 7 gr[+ impati5t4 ,x 0 at ?is critical mom5t t ,mr4 ,sp5c] resolv$ on a surprise4 ,sudd5ly ca/+ (f ! p>a*ute1 & seat$ on a m]e sl+ bel[ ! half-inflat$ balloon1 )\t balla/1 )\t grapnel1 & unprovid$ ) a valve1 he sail$ away ov] ! heads ( ! multitude4 ,! aft]noon 0 already f> advanc$1 & ! %ort tropical twilight soon gave way to d>kness1 :5 ! intrepid voyag] disappe>$ completely f sight4 ,excitem5t 0 int5se t night 9 ,calcutta1 & great] /ill ! next day :51 z h\r aft] h\r w5t by1 no news save a s]ies ( wild & false reports rea*$ ! city4 ,tra9s arriv+ f ! c\ntry br\ght no intellig5ce1 & telegraphic enquiries s5t 9 all directions prov$ fruitless4 ,! ,great ,ea/]n ,hotel1 :]e ! "y man _h be5 /ay+1 0 lit]ally besieg$ = h\rs by a l>ge cr[d eag] = any tid+s4 ,!n ! ,press gave expression to ! gloomie/ =ebod+s1 & ! t[n 0 9 a fev] ( unre/4 ,f ! direction ! balloon _h tak5 x 0 ?\ght t1 ev5 if ! a]onaut _h desc5d$ 9 safety1 he c\ld only h be5 l&$ 9 ! jungle ( ! ,sund]bunds1 beset ) p]ils1 & )\t a *ance ( succ\r4 ,a l>ge rew>d 0 (f]$ = reliable in=mation1 & ord]s 7 issu$ to e likely /ation to organise a se>*4 ,b ere ?is 0 fully c>ri$ into effect messages 7 telegraph$ to ,engl& def9itely ass]t+ t ,mr4 ,sp5c] _h lo/ 8 life4 ,= all ?is1 aft] ?ree days he return$ to ,calcutta1 none ! worse = ! exploit4 ,!n ! true tale 0 unravell$4 ,! balloon _h *ang$ its c\rse f ,s4,e4 to ,e4 aft] pass+ out ( sight ( ,calcutta1 & ev5tually came to e>? ! same ev5+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,hossa9abad1 ?irty-six miles di/ant4 ,dur+ 8 a]ial flight ! voyag]'s ma9 tr\ble _h be5 caus$ by 8 cramp$ position1 ! gall+ ( 8 sl+ seat1 & ! numb+ effect ( cold z he rea*$ high altitudes2 b1 z twilight d>k5$ into gloom1 8 real anxiety 0 ) respect to 8 place ( l&+1 = he c\ld ) difficulty see ! e>? und]nea?4 ,he he>d ! di/ant roll ( ! wat]s1 caus$ by ! num]\s creeks :i* int]sect ! delta ( ! ,ganges1 & :5 d>kness completely %ut out ! view x 0 impossible to tell :e!r he 0 ov] l& or sea4 ,=tune fav\r$ him1 h[ev]1 & rea*+ dry gr\nd1 he sprang f 8 seat1 rel9qui%+ at ! same mom5t 8 hold ( ! balloon1 :i* in/antly disappe>$ into ! d>kness4 ,!n 8 w&]+s began4 ,he 0 9 an unkn[n c\ntry1 )\t k ( ! language1 & ) only a few rupees 9 8 pocket4 ,pres5tly1 h[ev]1 see+ a light1 he proce$$ t[>ds x1 b only to f9d himself /opp$ by a creek4 ,foil$ m ?an once 9 ?is way1 he at l5g? arriv$ at ! dwell+ ( a family ( natives1 :o promptly fl$ 9 t]ror4 ,to inspire confid5ce & prove t he 0 mortal1 ,mr4 ,sp5c] ?rew 8 coat ov] ! mud wall ( ! comp\nd1 ) ! result t1 aft] exam9ation ( ! g>m5t1 he 0 receiv$ & c>$ = 9 true native fa%ion1 f$ ) rice & goat's milk1 & all[$ ! use ( ! v]&ah to sleep 94 ,he succe$$ 9 commun+ ) ! natives by d9t ( lead p5cil sket*es & dumb %[1 & le>n$1 among o!r ?+s1 t he _h desc5d$ 9 a little cle>+ surr\nd$ by woods1 & b\nd$ by tidal creeks1 :i* 7 infe/$ ) alligators4 ,yet1 9 ! end1 ! wat]ways befri5d$ him2 =1 z he 0 be+ f]ri$ across1 he *anc$ on 8 balloon sail+ d[n on ! tide1 recov]$ x1 & us$ ! tidal wat]s = ! return j\rney4 ,! greet+ ^u 8 arrival 9 ,calcutta 0 en?usia/ic beyond description f bo? ,europeans & natives4 ,! h]o ( ! adv5ture 0 visit$ by rajahs & notables1 :o vi$ ) ea* o!r 9 expressions ( welcome1 9 mak+ pres5ts1 ev5 invit+ him to visit ! sacr$ prec9cts ( _! z5anas4 ,! promis$ p>a*ute desc5t 0 subsequ5tly successfully made at ,cossipore1 & !n foll[$ a busy1 brilliant season1 aft] :i* ! w&]] return$ to ,engl&4 ,by ,septemb] he is 9 ,dubl91 & makes ! fir/ p>a*ute desc5t ev] witness$ 9 ,irel&2 b by ,novemb] he is 9 ,bombay aga91 :5ce1 proce$+ to ,calcutta1 he repeats 8 success ( ! ye> be=e4 ,next he visits ,allahabad1 :]e ! same =tune att5ds him1 ?\gh 8 balloon flies away 9 a tempor>y escape into ! ,jumna4 ,by ,may he is asc5d+ at ,s+apore1 arm$ "h1 h[ev]1 ) a cork jacket4 ,h5ce1 flu%$ ) success1 he repairs to ! ,dut* ,indies1 & demon/rates to ! ,dut* (fic]s ! use ( ! balloon 9 w>4 ,z a natural consequ5ce1 he is mov$ up to ! seat ( ! ,a*9ese ,w> 9 ,sumatra1 :]e1 8 balloon be+ moor$ to ! re> ( an arm\r$ tra91 an imm$iate move is made to ! front1 & ord]s are =?) telephon$ f v>i\s c5tres to op5 fire on ! enemy4 ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 ! :ile accompani$ by an (fic]1 makes a captive asc5t1 9 :i* = "s "t he is actually "u ! enemy's fire4 ,! result ( ?is plucky exp]im5t is a mo/ flatt]+ (ficial report4 ,9 all ! above-m5tion$ asc5ts he made 8 own gas )\t a hit*4 ,!nce he travels on ) ! same tru/y little #ab1jjj cubic feet balloon1 ! same programme1 & ! same success4 ,?is is slightly v>i$1 h[ev]1 at ,kobe1 ,japan1 :]e 8 impati5t craft fairly breaks away ) him1 &1 so>+ high1 flies ov]head ( a man-(-w>1 & plumps into ! wat] a mile out at sea4 ,b ,sm>tly 0 ! ^w4 ,! %ip's crew 0 beat to qu>t]s1 & )9 "o m9ute a boat 0 to ! rescue4 ,an asc5t at ,cairo1 :]e he made a p>a*ute desc5t 9 sight ( ! ,pyramids & l&$ 9 ! des]t1 complet$ ?is ori5tal t\r1 & home duties necessitat$ 8 return to ,engl&4 ,among exploits f> too _m to enum]ate may be m5tion$ f\r sev]al occasions :5 ,mr4 ,p]cival ,sp5c] has cross$ ! ,engli% ,*annel4 ,x fell to ! lot ( ! second son1 ,ar?ur1 to c>ry fame into fre% fields4 ,9 ! ye> #ahig he visit$ ,au/ralia1 tak+ ) him two balloons1 "o ( ^! be+ a noble craft ( #hj1jjj cubic feet1 consid]ably l>g] ?an any balloon us$ 9 ,engl&1 & ! s+ul> fate ( ?is a]ial mon/] is des]v+ ( m5tion4 ,its trial trip 9 ! new c\ntry 0 arrang$ to take place on ,box+ ,day 9 ! ,melb\rne ,exhibition gr\nd1 & = ! l5g?y & critical "w ( inflation ! able assi/ance ( ,briti% bluejackets 0 secur$4 ,to all appe>ance1 ! ma9 difficulties to be provid$ aga9/ 7 likely to arise simply f a some:at inadequate supply ( gas1 & on ?is acc\nt fill+ comm5c$ z e>ly z #aj a4m4 on ! morn+ ( ! day previ\s to ! exhibition1 & 0 cont9u$ till #f o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 by :i* "t ! balloon1 be+ ab\t half full1 0 /av$ d[n ) s&bags ?r\gh ! night till #d o'clock ! next morn+1 :5 ! inflation 0 aga9 proce$$ ) )\t h9drance & app>5tly "u fav\rable conditions4 ,! morn+ 0 beautifully f9e1 w>m1 brilliant1 & /ill1 & s rema9$ until half-pa/ six1 :51 ) />tl+ rapidity1 !re blew up a sudd5 squall kn[n 9 ! c\ntry z a ,hot ,bu/]1 & 9 two or ?ree m9utes' space a t]rific w9d /orm 0 sweep+ ! gr\nd4 ,a doz5 m51 aid+ a dead weight ( #bbj s&bags1 endeav\r$ to control ! plung+ balloon1 b :olly )\t avail4 ,m5 & bags toge!r 7 lift$ clean up 9 ! air on ! w9dw>d side1 & ! silk envelope1 n yet completely fill$1 at once escap$ f ! net &1 fly+ upw>ds to a height e/imat$ at #aj1jjj feet1 came to e>? aga9 n9ety miles away 9 a score ( fragm5ts4 ,no?+ daunt$1 h[ev]1 ,mr4 ,sp5c] at once endeav\r$ to retrieve 8 =tunes1 & />t$ /raightway = ! gold-m9+ di/ricts ( ,ball>at & ,b5digo ) a hot-air balloon1 ) :i* he successfully gave a s]ies ( popul> exhibitions ( p>a*ute desc5ts4 ,few a]onauts are m consi/5tly reliable ?an ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,sp5c]4 ,a few summ]s ago 9 ?is c\ntry he 0 sudd5ly call$ ^u to give pro( ( 8 pr[ess & pres5ce ( m9d 9 a v rem>kable mann]4 ,x 0 at an engagem5t at ,read+1 :]e he _h be5 conduct+ captive asc5ts ?r\gh\t ! aft]noon1 & 0 reque/$ to conclude ! ev5+ ) a "r away1 9 :i* two pass5g]s _h agre$ to accompany him4 ,! balloon _h be5 haul$ d[n = ! la/ "t1 :51 by "s mi/ake1 ! eng9e us$ = ! purpose proce$$ to "w its pump )\t previ\sly disconnect+ ! haul+ ge>4 ,! consequ5ce ( ?is 0 t ! cable in/antly snapp$1 & 9 a mom5t ! l>ge balloon1 devoid ( balla/1 grapnel1 or o!r appliances1 & ) neck /ill ti$1 0 free1 & />t$ skyw>d4 ,! inevitable result ( ?is accid5t mu/ h be5 t ! balloon 9 a few seconds w\ld rise to a height :]e ! expansion ( ! imprison$ gas w\ld bur/ & de/roy x4 ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 h[ev]1 0 /&+ ne>1 &1 grasp+ ! situation 9 a mom5t1 caught at ! c> z x swung upw>ds1 &1 gett+ hold1 succe$$ 9 draw+ himself up & s climb+ into ! r+4 ,quickly z ?is 0 done1 ! balloon 0 already di/5d$ to ! po9t ( bur/+1 & only ! prompte/ release ( gas av]t$ cata/rophe4 ,mr4 ,/anley ,sp5c] made himself e>ly kn[n to ! _w by a s]ies ( p>a*ute desc5ts1 p]=m$ f ! ro( ( ,olympia4 ,x 0 a bold & s5sational exhibition1 & on ! expiration ( 8 engagem5t ! "y a?lete1 pr(it+ by home tra9+1 felt fully qualifi$ to attempt any a]ial feat connect$ ) ! pr(ession ( an a]onaut4 ,& at ?is juncture an em95t ,am]ican cycli/1 visit+ ! fa!r's factory1 sugge/$ to ,/anley a bus9ess t\r 9 ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,z an extra attraction x 0 propos$ t a "y lady p>a*uti/ %\ld be "o ( ! company2 s1 aft] a few satisfactory trial exhibitions 9 ,engl&1 ! p>ty made _! way to ,rio1 ,brazil4 ,"h an asc5t 0 arrang$1 & by ! day & h\r appo9t$ ! balloon 0 successfully inflat$ ) hydrog51 an enorm\s conc\rse collect$1 & ! lady p]=m] already seat$ 9 ! sl+4 ,!n a /range mis*ance happ5$4 ,by "s means1 nev] satisfactorily expla9$1 ! "y woman1 at ! mom5t ( release1 slipp$ f h] seat1 & ! balloon1 escap+ into ! air1 turn$ ov] & fell among ! p1 :o v9dictively de/roy$ x4 ,!n ! cr[d grew ungov]nable1 & ?reat5$ ! lives ( ! a]onauts1 :o ev5tually 71 ) difficulty1 rescu$ by ! soldi]y4 ,?is 0 a bad />t2 b ) a sp>e balloon a fre% attempt at an asc5t 0 arrang$1 ?\gh1 f ano!r cause1 ) no bett] success4 ,?is "t a furi\s /orm arose1 be=e ! inflation 0 complet$1 & ! balloon1 c>ry+ away1 0 torn to ribbons4 ,yet a ?ird "t1 ) a hot air balloon n[1 a p]=mance 0 adv]tis$ & successfully c>ri$ out2 b1 imm$iately aft]1 ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s ,am]ican fri5d succumb$ to yell[ fev]1 & ! "y man1 be+ ?r[n on 8 own res\rces1 _h to fight 8 own way until 8 =tunes _h be5 suffici5tly re/or$ to return to ,engl&4 ,a few mon?s lat] he set sail = ,canada1 :]e = sev]al mon?s he _h a mo/ pr(itable c>e]1 on "o occasion only meet+ ) "s difficulty4 ,he 0 giv+ an exhibition on ,pr9ce ,edw>d's ,isl&1 n f> f ! sea1 b on a day s calm t he did n hesitate to asc5d4 ,on rea*+ #c1jjj feet1 h[ev]1 he 0 sudd5ly caught by a /rong l& breeze1 :i*1 ere he c\ld rea* ! wat]1 _h c>ri$ him a mile out to sea1 & "h he 0 only rescu$ aft] a long int]val1 dur+ :i* he _h become mu* exhau/$ 9 8 attempts to save 8 p>a*ute f s9k+4 ,e>ly 9 #ahib our travell] visit$ ,s\? ,africa ) a hot air balloon1 &1 =tune cont9u+ to fav\r him1 he subsequ5tly return$ to ,canada1 & proce$$ !nce to ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,cuba4 ,x 0 at ,havannah t popul> en?usiasm 9 8 fav\r ran s high t he 0 pres5t$ ) a m$al by ! t[nsfolk4 ,x 0 f "h also t1 a little :ile aft]1 tid+s ( 8 own dea? rea*$ him1 toge!r ) mo/ gratify+ obitu>y notices4 ,x w\ld seem t1 aft] 8 dep>ture1 an adv5tur]1 attempt+ to p]sonate him1 met ) 8 dea?4 ,9 ,novemb]1 #ahig1 he foll[$ 8 eld] bro!r's foot/eps to ! ,ea/1 & exhibit$ 9 ,calcutta1 ,s+apore1 ,canton1 & also ,hong-,kong1 :]e1 = ! fir/ & only "t 9 8 exp]i5ce1 he met ) s]i\s accid5t4 ,he 0 ab\t to asc5d = ! ord9>y p>a*ute p]=mance ) a hot air balloon1 :i* 0 be+ held d[n by ab\t ?irty m51 "o among !m be+ a ,*9aman possess$ ( mu* excitability & v long f+] nails4 ,by means ( ^! latt] ! man contriv$ to g\ge a consid]able hole 9 ! fabric ( ! balloon4 ,mr4 ,sp5c]1 to avoid a disappo9tm5t1 risk$ an asc5t1 & x 0 n till ! balloon _h rea*$ #fjj feet t ! r5t develop$ into a long slit1 & s br\ght ab\t a sudd5 fall to e>?4 ,alight+ on ! side ( a m\nta91 ,mr4 ,sp5c] lay helpless ) a brok5 leg till ! arrival ( "s ,briti% bluejackets1 :o convey$ him to ! ne>e/ surgeon1 :51 aft] due att5tion1 he 0 s5t home4 ,o!r rem>kable exploits1 :i* ,mr4 ,/anley ,sp5c] %>$ ) ,dr4 ,b]son & ) ! writ] & 8 daught]1 w be record$ lat]4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,new ,,dep>tures ,,9 ,,a]o/ation4 ,aft] ,mr4 ,coxwell's exp]im5ts at ,ald]%ot 9 #ahfb ! milit>y balloon1 z f> z ,engl& 0 conc]n$1 rema9$ 9 abeyance = n9e long ye>s1 :5 ! ,gov]nm5t appo9t$ a ,commission to enquire into its utility1 & to conduct fur!r exp]im5ts4 ,! memb]s ( ?is committee 7 ,colonel ,noble1 ,r4,e41 ,sir ,f4 ,abel1 ,capta9 ,lee1 ,r4,e41 assi/$ by ,capta9 ,elsdale1 ,r4,e41 & ,capta9 7n[ ,colonel7 ,templ]4 ,yet ano!r n9e ye>s1 h[ev]1 elaps$ be=e mu* m 0 he>d ( ?is mod]nis$ milit>y eng9e4 ,b ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! eighties ! ,gov]nm5t _h become fully alive to ! importance ( ! subject1 & ,royal ,eng9e]s at ,woolwi* grew busy ) balloon manufacture & exp]im5t4 ,soon ! sky ar\nd ,london became speckl$ ) balloons4 ,! me?od ( mak+ s-call$ pure hydrog5 by pass+ /eam ov] r$-hot iron 0 fully te/$1 & = a "t ga9$ fav\r4 ,! app>atus1 weigh+ "s ?ree tons1 0 calculat$ to be n beyond ! c>ry+ p[]s ( ?ree s]vice waggons1 :ile x 0 capable ( g5]at+ en\gh gas to inflate two balloons 9 tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 a s+le inflation hold+ good1 "u fav\rable circum/ances1 = a long p]iod4 ,at ! ,brighton ,volunte] ,review ( #ahhj1 ,capta9 ,templ]1 ) n9e m51 conduct$ ! op]ations ( a captive reconnoitr+ balloon4 ,?is 0 inflat$ at ! ,lewes gas works1 & !n t[$ two & a half miles across a riv]1 a railway1 & a l9e ( telegraph wires1 aft] :i* x 0 let up to a height ( #a1ejj feet1 :5ce1 x 0 /at$1 t s good a view 0 obta9$ t e man 0 cle>ly se54 ,be x rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t ! c\ntry 0 n ! ,s\? ,african veldt1 & e man 0 9 ! /rik+ ,engli% uni=m ( t date4 ,j at ?is juncture came ! ,egyptian ,w>1 & x w be recall$ t 9 ! beg9n+ ( t w> balloons 7 conspicu\s by _! abs5ce4 ,! difficulties ( reconnaissance 7 ke5ly felt & comm5t$ on1 & among o!r /atem5ts we f9d ! foll[+ 9 ! w> intellig5ce ( ! ,times3-- ,z ! want ( a balloon equipm5t has be5 m5tion$ 9 lett]s f ,egypt1 x may be /at$ t all ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t balloons rema9 9 /ore at ! ,royal ,docky>d at ,woolwi*1 b h be5 rec5tly exam9$ & f\nd p]fectly s]viceable4 ,an ass]tion _h be5 made to ! effect t ! nature ( ! s& 9 ,egypt w\ld imp$e ! transport ( ! heavy mat]ial necess>y = inflation4 ,at la/1 h[ev]1 ! ord] came = ! despat* ( ! balloon equipm5t to ! front1 & ?\gh ?is arriv$ long aft] ,tel-el-,kebir1 yet x is record$ t ! fir/ asc5t 9 real active s]vice 9 ! ,briti% ,army took place on ! #be? ( ,m>*1 #ahhe1 at ,suak91 & balloons becom+ reg>d$ z an all-important "p ( ! equipm5t ( w>1 !y 7 s5t out 9 ! ,be*uanal& ,exp$ition "u ,sir ,*>les ,w>r51 ! supply ( gas be+ %ipp$ to ,cape ,t[n 9 cyl9d]s4 ,x 0 at ?is p]iod t1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,coxwell1 ,"l ,wolseley made asc5ts at home 9 a w> balloon to =m 8 own p]sonal op9ion ( _! capabilities1 &1 express+ ?is op9ion to "o ( 8 /aff1 said t _h he be5 able to employ balloons 9 ! e>li] /ages ( ! ,s\dan campaign ! affair w\ld n h la/$ z _m mon?s z x did ye>s4 ,?is /atem5t1 h[ev]1 %\ld be read 9 conjunction ) ano!r ( ! same (fic] 9 ! ,soldi]'s ,pocket ,book1 t 9 a w9dy c\ntry balloons are useless4 ,9 ! ,bo] ,w> ! usefulness ( ! balloon 0 frequ5tly te/$1 m p>ticul>ly dur+ ! siege ( ,ladysmi?1 :5 x 0 deem$ ( great value 9 direct+ ! fire ( ! ,briti% artill]y1 & aga9 9 ,bull]'s advance1 :]e ! balloon is cr$it$ ) hav+ locat$ a dea?-trap ( ! enemy at ,spion ,kop4 ,o!r all-important s]vice 0 r5d]$ at ,mag]sfonte94 ,! ,s]vice balloon pr9cipally us$ 0 made ( goldbeat]s' sk91 conta9+ ab\t #aj1jjj cubic feet ( hydrog51 :i* _h be5 produc$ by ! action ( sulphuric acid on z9c1 & compress$ 9 /eel cyl9d]s4 ,a special gas factory 01 = ! purpose ( ! campaign1 e/abli%$ at ,cape ,t[n4 ,x is "h t ref]5ce mu/ be made to "s ( ! special "w und]tak5 by ,mr4 ,eric ,s4 ,bruce1 :i* dealt ) ! managem5t ( captive balloons "u diff]5t conditions1 & ) a sy/em ( signall+ ?us r5d]$ feasible4 ,mr4 ,bruce1 :o1 s9ce ,major ,bad5-,p[ell's retirem5t f ! (fice1 has devot$ 8 be/ en]gies z secret>y to ! advancem5t ( ! ,briti% ,a]onautical ,society1 0 ! inv5tor ( ! sy/em ( electric balloon signall+ :i* he suppli$ to ! ,briti% ,gov]nm5t1 z well z to ! ,belgian & ,italian ,gov]nm5ts4 ,?is sy/em requires b a v small balloon1 made ( ?ree or f\r ?icknesses ( goldbeat]s' sk91 measur+ f #g to #aj feet 9 diamet]1 & ne$+ only two or ?ree gas cyl9d]s = inflation4 ,)9 ! balloon1 :i* is suffici5tly transluc5t1 are plac$ sev]al inc&esc5t lamps 9 metallic circuit1 ) a s\rce ( electricity on ! gr\nd4 ,?is s\rce ( electricity may consi/ ( batt]ies ( mod]ate size or a portable h& dynamo4 ,9 ! circuit is plac$ an app>atus = mak+ & break+ contact rapidly1 & by v>y+ ! duration ( ! fla%es 9 ! balloon telegraphic messages may be easily transmitt$4 ,to ov]come ! difficulty ( un/ead9ess1 "u circum/ances ( r\gh wea!r1 9 ! captive balloon :i* c>ri$ ! gl[ lamps1 ,mr4 ,bruce exp]im5t$ ) guy ropes1 & gave a mo/ successful exhibition ( _! effici5cy be=e milit>y exp]ts at ,/am=d ,bridge gr\nds1 ?\gh a /iff w9d 0 bl[+ at ! "t4 ,x mu/ be p]fectly obvi\s1 h[ev]1 t a captive balloon 9 a w9d is greatly at a disadvantage1 & to c\nt]act ?is1 attempts h be5 made 9 ! direction ( a comb9ation betwe5 ! balloon & a kite4 ,?is endeav\r has be5 att5d$ ) "s measure ( success 9 ! ,g]man army4 ,mr4 ,d\glas ,ar*ibald1 9 ,engl&1 0 "o ( ! fir/ to advocate ! kite balloon4 ,9 #ahhh he call$ att5tion to ! unsatisfactory behavi\r ( captive balloons 9 v>iable w9ds1 dropp+ ) e gu/ & ris+ aga9 ) a lull4 ,9 pro( he describ$ an exp$i5t ( ,major ,templ]'s1 :]e an attempt 0 be+ made to op]ate a photographic cam]a hoi/$ by two t&em kites4 ,! balloon1 he writes1 w5t up maje/ically1 & all seem$ v satisfactory until a mile ( cable _h be5 run out1 & ! w9d] lock$4 ,x 0 !n t tr\bles began :i* ?reat5$ ! wreckage ( ! app>atus1 & ,mr4 ,ar*ibald1 9 consequ5ce1 /rongly recomm5d$ a kite balloon at t "t4 ,twelve ye>s lat] ! same able exp]im5tali/1 impress$ ) ! spl5did "w done by kites alone = meteorological purposes at lea/1 all[$ t he 0 q cont5t to let ! kite balloon g by4 ,b ! ,g]man s*ool ( a]onauts 7 do+ bigg] ?+s ?an mak+ trials ) kite balloons4 ,! ,g]man ,society = ! ,promotion ( ,a]ial ,navigation1 assi/$ by ! ,army ,balloon ,corps1 7 busy 9 #ahhh1 :5 a s]ies ( important asc5ts 7 comm5c$4 ,"u ! direction ( ,dr4 ,assmann1 ! en]getic presid5t ( ! a]onautical society above nam$1 captive asc5ts 7 arrang$ 9 connection ) free asc5ts = meteorological purposes1 & x 0 ?us practicable to make simultane\s obs]vations at diff]5t levels4 ,^! exp]im5ts1 :i* 7 l>gely tak5 up on ! ,cont95t1 l$ to o!rs ( yet high] importance1 9 :i* ! unmann$ balloon took a "p4 ,b ! ,cont95tal annals ( ?is date conta9 "o unhappy record ( ano!r nature1 ! rec\nt+ ( :i* w1 at lea/1 break ! monotony att5d+ m]e exp]im5tal details4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahic1 ,capta9 ,*>bonnet1 an en?usia/ic ,fr5* a]onaut1 resolv$ on sp5d+ 8 honeymoon1 ) ! full cons5t ( 8 bride1 9 a prolong$ balloon excursion4 ,! />t 0 to be made f ,tur91 &1 ! direction ( travel ly+ across ! ,alps1 x 0 ! hope ( ! voyag]s ev5tually to rea* ,fr5* t]ritory4 ,! asc5t 0 made 9 p]fect safety1 z 0 also ! fir/ desc5t1 at ! little village ( ,piobesi1 t5 miles away4 ,"h a halt 0 made = ! night1 & ! next morn+1 :5 a fre% />t 0 det]m9$ on1 two "y ,italians1 ,signori ,botto & ,dur&o1 7 tak5 on bo>d z assi/ants1 = ! exploit began to assume an appe>ance ( "s gravity1 & ?is ! m s :5 /orm cl\ds began brew+4 ,at an altitude ( #aj1jjj feet cross-curr5ts 7 enc\nt]$1 & ! c\rse becom+ obscur$ ! capta9 desc5d$ to ne> ! e>?1 :]e he discov]$ himself to be 9 dang]\s proximity to gaunt m\nta9 peaks4 ,on obs]v+ ?is1 he promptly ca/ out s& s lib]ally t ! balloon rose to a height approa*+ #bj1jjj feet1 :5 a rapid desc5t pres5tly began1 & refus$ to be *eck$1 ev5 ) ! exp5diture ( all available balla/4 ,all ! :ile ! e>? rema9$ obscur$1 b1 anticipat+ a fall among ! m\nta9s1 ,capta9 ,*>bonnet bade 8 companions lie d[n 9 ! c> :ile he endeav\r$ to cat* sight ( "s l&m>k2 b1 q sudd5ly1 ! balloon /ruck "s m\nta9 slope ) su* =ce z to ?r[ ! capta9 back into ! c> ) a heavy bl[ ov] ! eye2 !n1 b\nd+ across a gulley1 x /ruck aga9 & yet aga91 fall+ & reb\nd+ betwe5 rocky walls1 till x settl$ on a /eep & sn[y ridge4 ,d>kness 0 n[ clos+ 91 & ! p>ty1 )\t food or prop] %elt]1 _h to pass ! night z be/ !y might on ! b>e spot :]e !y fell1 hop+ = enc\ragem5t ) ! return ( day4 ,b dawn %[$ !m to be on a dang]\s peak1 #aj1jjj feet high1 :5ce !y mu/ desc5d by _! own unassi/$ ef=ts4 ,aft] a little clamb]+ ! capta91 :o 0 9 a v exhau/$ /ate1 fell ?r\gh a hidd5 crevasse1 fractur+ 8 skull sixty feet bel[4 ,! rema9+ ?ree /ruggl$ on ?r\gh\t ! day1 & _h to pass a second night on ! m\nta91 ?is "t )\t cov]+4 ,on ! ?ird day !y met ) a %eph]d1 :o conduct$ !m ) difficulty to ! little village ( ,balme4 ,?is /ory1 by virtue ( its romance1 f9ds a place 9 ^! pages2 b1 save = its tragic end+1 x h>dly /&s alone4 ,balloon+ ent]prise & adv5ture 7 gr[+ e ye> m & m common on ! ,cont95t4 ,9 ,sc&9avia we f9d ! names ( ,&ree1 ,fra5kal1 & ,/r9db]g2 9 ,d5m>k t ( ,capta9 ,rambus*4 ,b]l9 & ,p>is _h virtually become ! *ief c5tres ( ! developm5t ( balloon+ z a sci5ce4 ,9 ! =m] city a *ief among a]onauts _h aris5 9 ,dr4 ,a4 ,b]son1 :o1 9 ,decemb]1 #ahid1 n only rea*$ #cj1jjj feet1 asc5d+ alone1 b at t height su/a9$ himself suffici5tly1 by inhal+ oxyg51 to take sy/ematic obs]vations ?r\gh\t ! entire voyage ( five h\rs4 ,! ye> be=e1 9 company ) ,lieut5ant ,gross1 he b>ely escap$ ) 8 life1 ow+ to tangl$ ropes gett+ f\l ( ! valve4 ,t\let & ^? :o accompani$ him lo/ _! lives ne> ,brussels4 ,lat] ,wolf]t & 8 eng9e] 7 kill$ ne> ,b]l91 :ile ,johanns5 & ,loyal fell into ! ,s\nd4 ,?us ev] fre% & m ext5d$ ent]prise 0 emb>k$ ^u ) good =tune & ill4 ,9 fact1 x _h become evid5t to all t ! ,cont95t af=d$ facilities = ! advancem5t ( a]ial exploration :i* c\ld be met ) 9 no o!r p>ts ( ! _w1 ,am]ica only except$4 ,& x 0 at ?is p]iod t ! exp$i5t ( ! ballon sonde1 or unmann$ balloon1 0 happily ?\ght (4 ,"o ( ^! balloons1 ! ,cirrus1 among sev]al trials1 rose to a height1 self-regi/]$1 ( #fa1jjj feet1 :ile a possible great] height has be5 accord$ to x4 ,on "o occasion1 asc5d+ f ,b]l91 x fell 9 ,we/]n ,russia1 on ano!r 9 ,bosnia4 ,!n1 9 #ahif1 at ! ,meteorological ,conf]5ce at ,p>is1 ) ,masc>t z ,presid5t1 ,gu/ave ,h]mite1 ) *>act]i/ic ard\r1 introduc$ a s*eme ( national asc5ts ) balloons mann$ & unmann$1 & ?is s*eme 0 soon put 9 effect "u a commission ( fam\s names--,&ree1 ,assmann1 ,b]son1 ,besancon1 ,cailletet1 ,erk1 de ,fonvielle1 ,h]gesell1 ,h]mite1 ,jaub]t1 ,pomotzew 7( ,/4 ,pet]sburg71 & ,rot* 7( ,bo/on1 ,mass474 ,9 ,novemb]1 #ahif1 five mann$ balloons & ?ree unmann$ asc5d$ simultane\sly f ,france1 ,g]many1 & ,russia4 ,! next ye> saw1 ) ! ent]prise ( ^! nations1 ! co-op]ation ( ,au/ria & ,belgium4 ,messrs4 ,h]mite & ,besancon1 bo? ,fr5* a]onauts1 7 ! fir/ to make practical trial ( ! me?od ( s\nd+ ! upp] air by unmann$ balloons1 &1 z a prelim9>y attempt1 dismiss$ f ,p>is a numb] ( small balloons1 a l>ge proportion ( :i* 7 recov]$1 hav+ return$ to e>? aft] less ?an #ajj miles' flight4 ,l>g] pap] balloons 7 n[ con/ruct$1 capable ( c>ry+ simple self-record+ in/rum5ts1 also po/c>ds1 :i* became deta*$ at regul> int]vals by ! burn+ away ( sl[ mat*1 & ?us indicat$ ! pa? ( ! balloon4 ,! next attempt 0 m ambiti\s1 made ) a goldbeat]s' sk9 balloon conta9+ #d1jjj cubic feet ( gas1 & c>ry+ automatic in/rum5ts ( precision4 ,?is balloon fell 9 ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,yonne1 & 0 return$ to ,p>is ) ! in/rum5ts1 :i* rema9$ un9jur$1 & :i* indicat$ t an altitude ( #di1jjj feet _h be5 rea*$1 & a m9imum temp]ature ( -#fj degrees enc\nt]$4 ,yet l>g] balloons ( ! same nature 7 !n exp]im5t$ ) 9 ,g]many1 z well z ,france4 ,a lack ( public support has crippl$ ! attempts ( exp]im5tali/s 9 ?is c\ntry1 b abroad ?is me?od ( a]ial exploration cont9ues to ga9 fav\r4 ,di/9ct f1 & supplem5t+1 ! records obta9$ by free balloons1 mann$ or unmann$1 are ^? to be ga!r$ f an a]o/at moor$ to e>?4 ,x is "h t ! captive balloon has done good s]vice to meteorology1 z we h %[n1 b /ill m s has ! high-fly+ kite4 ,x mu/ long h be5 recognis$ t in/rum5ts plac$ on or ne> ! gr\nd are insuffici5t = meteorological purposes1 &1 z f> back z #agdi1 we f9d ,dr4 ,wilson1 ( ,glasg[1 employ+ kites to det]m9e ! upp] curr5ts1 & to c>ry !rmomet]s into high] /rata ( ! air4 ,frankl9's kite & its application is matt] ( hi/ory4 ,_m s9ce t p]iod made exp]im5ts m or less 9 e>ne/ to obta9 atmosph]ic obs]vations by means ( kites1 b probably ! fir/ 9 ,engl&1 at lea/ to obta9 satisfactory results1 0 ,mr4 ,d\glas ,ar*ibald1 :o1 dur+ ! eighties1 0 successful 9 obta9+ valuable w9d measurem5ts1 z also o!r results1 includ+ a]ial photographs1 at v>y+ altitudes up to #a1jjj or #a1bjj feet4 ,f t p]iod ! records ( s]i\s & sy/ematic kite fly+ mu/ be s\ght 9 ,am]ica4 ,mr4 ,w4 ,a4 ,eddy 0 "o ( ! pione]s1 & a v s]viceable tailless kite1 9 :i* ! cross-b> is b[$ away f ! w9d1 is 8 inv5tion1 & has be5 mu* 9 use4 ,mr4 ,eddy e/abli%$ 8 kite at ,blue ,hill--! n[ fam\s kite obs]vatory--& succe$$ 9 lift+ self-record+ meteorological in/rum5ts to consid]able heights4 ,! sup]iority ( read+s ?us obta9$ is obvi\s f ! fact t fre% air-/reams are con/antly play+ on ! in/rum5ts4 ,a ye> or two lat] a totally dissimil> kite 0 introduc$ by ,mr4 ,lawr5ce ,h>grave1 ( ,sydney1 ,au/ralia4 ,?is inv5tion1 :i* has prov$ ( ! greate/ utility & effici5cy1 w\ld1 f its appe>ance1 upset all conv5tional ideas ( :at a kite %\ld be1 resembl+ 9 its simple/ =m a m]e box1 m9us ! back & front4 ,nev]!less1 ^! kites1 9 _! pres5t =m1 h c>ri$ in/rum5ts to heights ( upw>ds ( two miles1 ! re/ra9+ l9e be+ f9e /eel piano wire4 ,b ano!r & mo/ effici5t kite1 admirably adapt$ = _m mo/ important purposes1 is t inv5t$ by ,major ,bad5-,p[ell4 ,! ma9 objects orig9ally aim$ at 9 ! con/ruction ( ?is kite relat$ to milit>y op]ations1 su* z signall+1 photography1 & ! rais+ ( a man to an elevation = obs]vational purposes4 ,9 ! op9ion ( ! inv5tor1 :o is a practic$ a]onaut1 a w9d ( ov] ?irty miles an h\r r5d]s a captive balloon useless1 :ile a kite "u su* conditions %\ld be capable ( tak+ its place 9 ! field4 ,describ+ 8 e>ly exp]im5ts1 ,major1 !n ,capta91 ,bad5-,p[ell1 /at$ t 9 #ahid1 aft] a numb] ( failures1 he succe$$ ) a hexagonal /ructure ( cambric1 /ret*$ on a bamboo framework #cf feet high1 9 lift+ a man--n f>1 b f> en\gh to prove t 8 !ories 7 "r4 ,lat] on1 sub/itut+ a numb] ( small kites = "o big "o1 he 01 on sev]al occasions1 rais$ to a height ( #ajj feet1 & _h s5t up s& bags1 weigh+ #i /one1 to #cjj feet1 at :i* height !y rema9$ susp5d$ ne>ly a :ole day4 ,?is =m ( kite1 :i* has be5 fur!r develop$1 has be5 us$ 9 ! ,s\? ,african campaign 9 connection ) wireless telegraphy = ! tak+ ( photographs at great heights1 notably at ,modd] ,riv]1 & = o!r purposes4 ,x has be5 claim$ t ! fir/ well-au!nticat$ occasion ( a man be+ rais$ by a kite 0 :5 at ,pirbright ,camp a ,bad5-,p[ell kite1 #cj feet high1 fl[n by two l9es1 f :i* a basket 0 susp5d$1 took a man up to a height ( #aj feet4 ,x is only fair1 h[ev]1 to /ate t x is relat$ t m ?an fifty ye>s ago a lady 0 lift$ "s hundr$ feet by a great kite con/ruct$ by "o ,george ,pocock1 ^: ma*9e 0 design$ = an obs]vatory 9 w>1 & also = draw+ c>riages along highways4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,&ree ,,& ,,8 ,,voyages ,among _m sugge/ions1 alike important & orig9al1 due to ,major ,bad5-,p[ell1 & com+ )9 ! field ( a]onautics1 is "o hav+ ref]5ce to ! use ( balloons = geographical rese>* g5]ally & m p>ticul>ly = ! exploration ( ,egypt1 :i*1 9 8 op9ion1 is a c\ntry possess+ _m mo/ desirable qualifications on ! score ( prevail+ w9ds1 ( suitable base1 & ( gr\nd adapt$ = su* /e]+ z may be effect$ ) a trail rope4 ,at ! ,bri/ol meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,association ! ,major ?us prop\nd$ 8 me?od3 ,i %\ld sugge/ sev]al balloons1 "o ( ab\t #fj1jjj cubic feet1 &1 say1 six small] ones ( ab\t #g1jjj cubic feet2 !n1 if "o gets torn or damag$1 ! o!rs might rema9 intact4 ,aft] a "t1 :5 gas is lo/1 "o ( ! small] ones c\ld be empti$ into ! o!rs1 & ! exhau/$ envelope dis*>g$ z balla/2 ! small] balloons w\ld be easi] to transport by port]s ?an "o big "o1 & !y c\ld be m easily secur$ on ! e>? dur+ contr>y w9ds4 ,ov] ! ma9 balloon a light awn+ might be rigg$ to neutralise1 z f> z possible1 ! *anges ( temp]ature4 ,a lightn+ conductor to ! top ( ! balloon might be desirable4 ,a l>ge sail w\ld be arrang$1 & a bifurcat$ guide rope atta*$ to ! end ( a horizontal pole w\ld =m an effici5t means ( /e]+4 ,! c> w\ld be boat-%ap$ & wat]pro(1 s t x c\ld be us$ = a return j\rney d[n a riv]4 ,wat] tanks w\ld be fitt$4 ,! reasonabl5ess ( su* a s*eme is beyond "q1 ev5 )\t ! work+ calculations ) :i* x is accompani$2 b1 ere ^! words 7 spok51 "o ( ! mo/ d>+ explor]s t ! _w has kn[n _h begun to put 9 practice a yet bold] & ra%] s*eme ( 8 own4 ,! idea ( rea*+ ! ,nor? ,pole by means ( balloons appe>s to h be5 ent]ta9$ _m ye>s ago4 ,9 a curi\s "w1 publi%$ 9 ,p>is 9 #ahfc by ,delaville ,d$reux1 !re is a sugge/ion = rea*+ ! ,nor? ,pole by an a]o/at :i* %\ld be laun*$ f ! ne>e/ accessible po9t1 ! calculation be+ t ! di/ance f su* a />t+ place to ! ,pole & back aga9 w\ld be only "s #a1bjj miles1 :i* c\ld be cov]$ 9 two days1 suppos+ only t !re c\ld be f\nd a mod]ate & fav\rable w9d 9 ea* direction4 ,mr4 ,c4 ,g4 ,sp5c] also wrote on ! subject1 & subsequ5tly ,comm&] ,*eyne propos$ a me?od ( rea*+ ! ,pole by means ( triple balloons4 ,a simil> s*eme 0 advocat$ 9 yet m s]i\s e>ne/ by ,m4 ,h]mite 9 ! e>ly eighties4 ,"s t5 ye>s lat] ?an ?is ,m4 ,s4 ,a4 ,&ree1 hav+ obta9$ suffici5t assi/ance1 took up ! idea ) ! det]m9$ int5tion ( pu%+ x to a practical issue4 ,he _h already won 8 spurs z an a]onaut1 z may be briefly told4 ,9 ,octob]1 #ahic1 :5 mak+ an asc5t = sci5tific purposes1 8 balloon got c>ri$ out ov] ! ,baltic4 ,x may h be5 ! /r5g? ( ! w9d t _h tak5 him by surprise2 b1 !re be+ n[ no rem$y1 x 0 cle>ly ! spe$ & p]si/5ce ( ! w9d t alone c\ld save him4 ,if a *ance vessel c\ld n1 or w\ld n1 /& by1 he mu/ make ! coa/ ( ,f9l& or fall 9 ! sea1 & sev]al times ! fall 9 ! sea seem$ imm95t z 8 balloon comm5c$ dropp+4 ,?is ?reat5$ dang] induc$ him to ca/ away 8 an*or1 aft] :i* ! v]ge ( ! ,f9l& %ore 0 ne>ly rea*$1 :5 a *ange ( w9d began to c>ry him along ! rocky coa/1 j z night 0 sett+ 94 ,recognis+ 8 extreme dang]1 ,&ree /ood on ! edge ( ! c>1 ) a bag ( balla/ ready = em]g5cies4 ,he actually pass$ ov] an isl&1 on :i* 0 a build+ ) a light2 b fail$ to effect a l&+1 & s fell 9 ! sea on ! f>!r side2 b1 ! balloon pres5tly right+ itself1 ,&ree1 n[ greatly exhau/$1 made 8 la/ ef=t1 & z he rose ov] ! next cliff jump$ = 8 life4 ,x 0 pa/ #g p4m4 :5 he f\nd himself once aga9 on firm gr\nd1 b ) a spra9$ leg & ) no "o )9 call4 ,seek+ :at %elt] he c\ld1 he liv$ out ! long night1 &1 be+ n[ sc>ce able to /&1 took (f 8 clo!s & wav$ !m = a signal4 ,?is signal 0 n se51 yet %ortly a boat put (f f an isl&--! same t he _h pass$ ! ev5+ be=e--& r[$ t[>ds him4 ,! boatman ov]night _h se5 a /range sail sweep+ ov] l& & sea1 & he _h come 9 que/ ( x1 br++ timely succ\r to ! ca/away4 ,briefly /at$1 ,&ree's gr& s*eme 0 to convey a suitable balloon1 ) means = inflat+ x1 z also all necess>y equipm5t1 z f> t[>ds ! ,pole z a %ip c\ld proce$1 & !nce1 wait+ = a fav\rable w9d1 to sail by sky until ! region ( ! ,pole %\ld be cross$1 & "s inhabit$ c\ntry rea*$ beyond4 ,! balloon 0 to be kept ne> ! e>?1 & /e]$1 z f> z ?is might be practicable1 by means ( a trail rope4 ,! balloon1 :i* _h a capacity ( ne>ly #afb1jjj cubic feet1 0 made 9 ,p>is1 & 0 provid$ ) a rudd] sail & an arrangem5t :]eby ! hang ( ! trail rope c\ld be readily %ift$ to diff]5t positions on ! r+4 ,fur!r1 to obviate unnecess>y diffusion & loss ( gas at ! m\?1 ! balloon 0 fitt$ ) a l[] valve1 :i* w\ld only op5 at a mod]ate pressure1 namely1 t ( f\r in*es ( wat]4 ,all prep>ations 7 complet$ by ! summ] ( #ahif1 & on ,june #g? ! p>ty emb>k$ at ,go!nburg ) all necess>ies on bo>d1 arriv+ at ,spitzb]g5 on ,june #ba/4 ,&ree1 :o 0 to be accompani$ on 8 a]ial voyage by two companions1 ,m4 ,nils ,/r9db]g & ,dr4 ,ekholm1 sp5t "s "t 9 select+ a spot t w\ld seem suitable = _! mom5t\s />t1 & ?is 0 f9ally f\nd on ,dane's ,isl&1 :]e _! c>go 0 accord+ly l&$4 ,! fir/ op]ation 0 ! erection ( a wood5 %$1 ! mat]ials = :i* !y _h br\ght ) !m1 z a protection f ! w9d4 ,x 0 a "w :i* entail$ "s loss ( "t1 aft] :i* ! gas app>atus _h to be got into ord]1 s t1 9 spite ( all ef=ts1 x 0 ! #bg? ( ,july be=e ! balloon 0 inflat$ & 9 read9ess4 ,a memb] ( an advance p>ty ( an eclipse exp$ition arriv+ 9 ,spitzb]g5 at ?is p]iod1 & pay+ a visit to ,&ree = ! purpose ( tak+ him lett]s1 wrote3--,we wat*$ him deal out ! lett]s to 8 m54 ,!y are all volunte]s & include sev5 sea capta9s1 a lawy]1 & o!r p "s =ty 9 all4 ,&ree *aff$ ea* man to :om he gave a lett]1 & all 7 z m]ry z crickets ov] ! bus9ess4444 ,we sp5t our "t 9 wat*+ prep>ations4 ,! vasel9e 7= soak+ ! guide ropes7 caught fire to-day1 b1 luckily no rope 0 9 ! pot4 ,b ! w9d z yet 0 contr>y1 & day aft] day pass$ )\t any %ift to a fav\rable qu>t]1 until ! capta9 ( ! %ip :i* _h convey$ !m 0 compell$ to br+ matt]s to an issue by say+ t !y mu/ return home )\t delay if he 0 to avoid gett+ froz5 9 = ! w9t]4 ,! balloon _h n[ rema9$ inflat$ = tw5ty-"o days1 & ,dr4 ,ekholm1 calculat+ t ! leakage ( gas am\nt$ to ne>ly #a p] c5t4 p] day1 became di/ru/ful ( ! capability ( su* a vessel to cope ) su* a voyage z _h be5 aim$ at4 ,! p>ty _h n[ no *oice b to return home ) _! balloon1 leav+1 h[ev]1 ! %$ & gas-g5]at+ app>atus = ano!r occasion4 ,?is occasion came ! foll[+ summ]1 :5 ! dauntless explor]s return$ to _! task1 leav+ ,go!nburg on ,may #bh?1 #ahig1 9 a vessel l5t by ! ,k+ ( ,sw$51 & rea*+ ,dane's ,isl& on ! #cj? ( ! same mon?4 ,dr4 ,ekholm _h retir$ f ! ent]prise1 b 9 8 place 7 two volunte]s1 ,messrs4 ,frankel & ,sv$5borg1 ! latt] z odd man1 to fill ! place ( any ( ! o!r ?ree :o might be prev5t$ f mak+ ! f9al v5ture4 ,x 0 f\nd t ! %$ _h suff]$ dur+ ! w9t]1 & "s "t 0 sp5t 9 mak+ ! repairs & ne$ful prep>ation1 s t ! mon? ( ,june 0 half ov] be=e all 0 9 read9ess = ! inflation4 ,?is op]ation 0 !n accompli%$ 9 f\r days1 & by midnight ( ,june #bbnd ! balloon 0 at h] moor+s1 full & 9 read9ess2 b1 z 9 ! previ\s ye>1 ! w9d 0 contr>y1 & rema9$ s = ne>ly ?ree weeks4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 0 a less s]i\s matt]1 inasmu* z ! voyag]s 7 a mon? e>li] ) _! prep>ation1 b s long a delay mu/ ne$s h told prejudicially aga9/ ! buoyancy ( ! balloon1 & ,&ree is h>dly to be blam$ = hav+1 9 ! end1 committ$ himself to a w9d t 0 n :olly fav\rable4 ,! w9d1 if entirely f ! "r direction1 %\ld h be5 due s\?1 b on ,july #aa? x _h ve]$ to a direction some:at we/ ( s\?1 & ,&ree1 tol]at+ no fur!r delay1 seiz$ ?is z 8 be/ opportunity1 & ) a w9d :i/l+ ?r\gh ! woodwork ( ! %$ & flapp+ ! canvas1 accompani$ by ,frankel & ,sv$5borg1 />t$ on 8 ill-fat$ voyage4 ,a telegram :i* ,&ree wrote = ! ,press at t epo* ran ?us3-- ,at ?is mom5t1 #b4cj p4m41 we are ready to />t4 ,we %all probably be driv5 9 a nor?-nor?-ea/]ly direction4 ,on ,july #bbnd a c>ri] pigeon 0 recov]$ by ! fi%+ boat ,alk5 betwe5 ,nor? ,cape1 ,spitzb]g51 & ,sev5 ,isl&s1 be>+ a message1 ,july #ac?1 #ab4cj p4m41 #hb degrees #b m9utes nor? lat41 #ae degrees #e m9utes ea/ long4 ,good j\rney ea/w>d4 ,all goes well on bo>d4 ,&ree4 ,n till ,augu/ #ca/ 0 !re pick$ up 9 ! ,arctic zone a buoy1 :i* is pres]v$ 9 ! ,museum ( ,/ockholm4 ,x be>s ! message1 ,buoy ,no4 #d4 ,fir/ to be ?r[n out4 #aa? ,july1 #aj p4m41 ,gre5wi* mean "t4 ,all well up till n[4 ,we are pursu+ our c\rse at an altitude ( ab\t #bej metres ,direction at fir/ nor!rly #aj degrees ea/2 lat]2 nor!rly #de degrees ea/4 ,f\r c>ri] pigeons 7 despat*$ at #e4dj p4m4 ,!y flew we/w>ds4 ,we are n[ above ! ice1 :i* is v cut up 9 all directions4 ,wea!r spl5did4 ,9 excell5t spirits4--,&ree1 ,sv$5borg1 ,frankel4 7,po/script lat] on47 ,above ! cl\ds1 #g4de1 ,gre5wi* mean "t4 ,accord+ to ,reut]1 ! ,an?ropological & ,geological ,society at ,/ockholm receiv$ ! foll[+ telegram f a %ip own] at ,m&al3--,capta9 ,huel&1 ( ! /eam%ip ,vaag5 :o arriv$ !re on ,monday morn+1 reports t :5 (f ,kola ,fjord1 ,icel&1 9 #fe degrees #cd m9utes nor? lat41 #ba degrees #bh m9utes we/ long41 on ,may #ad? he f\nd a drift+ buoy1 m>k$ ',no4 #g4' ,inside ! buoy 0 a capsule m>k$ ',&ree's ,pol> ,exp$ition1' conta9+ a slip ( pap]1 on :i* 0 giv5 ! foll[+3 ',drift+ ,buoy ,no4 #g4 ,?is buoy 0 ?r[n out f ,&ree's balloon on ,july #aa? #ahig1 #aj4ee p4m41 ,gre5wi* mean "t1 #hb degrees nor? lat41 #be degrees ea/ lon4 ,we are at an altitude ( #fjj metres4 ,all well4--,&ree1 ,sv$5borg1 ,frankel4' ,comm5t+ on ! fir/ message1 ,mr4 ,p]cival ,sp5c] says3--,i _c place reliance ^u ! accuracy ( ei!r ! date or else ! lat4 & long4 giv51 z ,i am confid5t t ! balloon w\ld h travell$ a great] di/ance 9 two days4 ,x %\ld be not$ t ,dane's ,isl& lies 9 #gi degrees #cj m9utes nor? lat4 & #aj degrees #aj m9utes ea/ long4 ,mr4 ,sp5c]'s op9ion1 c>efully consid]$ & express$ eighte5 mon?s aft]w>ds1 w be read ) real int]e/3-- ,! di/ance f ,dane's ,isl& to ! ,pole is ab\t #gej miles1 & to ,alaska on ! o!r side ab\t #a1ejj miles4 ,! c\rse ( ! balloon1 h[ev]1 0 n direct to ! ,pole1 b t[>ds ,franz ,josef ,l& 7ab\t #fjj miles7 & to ! ,sib]ian coa/ 7ano!r #hjj miles74 ,judg+ f ! description ( ! w9d at ! />t1 & comp>+ x ) my own balloon+ exp]i5ce1 ,i e/imate its spe$ z #dj miles p] h\r1 & x w1 !re=e1 be evid5t t a di/ance ( #b1jjj miles w\ld be cov]$ 9 #ej h\rs1 t is two days & two h\rs aft] ! />t4 ,i reg>d all !ories z to ! balloon be+ capable ( rema9+ 9 ! air = a mon? z illusory4 ,no free balloon has ev] rema9$ al(t = m ?an #cf h\rs1 b ) ! fav\rable conditions at ! nor!rn regions 7:]e ! sun does n set & :]e ! temp]ature rema9s equable7 a balloon might rema9 9 ! air = d\ble ! l5g? ( "t :i* ,i consid] ample = ! purpose ( ,pol> exploration4 ,a record ( ! direction ( ! w9d 0 made aft] ,&ree's dep>ture1 & prov$ t !re 0 a fluctuation 9 direction f ,s4,w4 to ,n4,w41 indicat+ t ! voyag]s may h be5 borne across t[>ds ,sib]ia4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 c be b surmise4 ,all a]onauts ( exp]i5ce "k t x is an exce$+ly difficult manoeuvre to keep a trail rope dragg+ on ! gr\nd if x is desirable to prev5t contact ) ! e>? on ! "o h&1 or on ! o!r to avoid loss ( gas4 ,a slight increase ( temp]ature or dry+ (f ( cond5s$ moi/ure may--inde$1 is sure to aft] a :ile--lift ! rope (f ! gr\nd1 9 :i* case ! balloon1 ris+ into upp] levels1 may be borne away on curr5ts :i* may be ( almo/ any direction1 & ( :i* ! obs]v] bel[ may "k no?+4 ,z to ! actual div]g5ce f ! w9d's direction :i* a trail rope & side sail might be hop$ to effect1 x may be confid5tly /at$ t1 not)/&+ "s wond]ful acc\nts t h gone abroad1 x mu/ n be reli$ on z commonly am\nt+ to mu* m ?an "o or1 at ! mo/1 two po9ts4 ,al?\gh x is to be fe>$ t tru/wor?y in=mation z to ! ultimate de/9ation ( ,&ree's balloon may nev] be ga9$1 yet we may safely /ate t 8 ev] fam\s1 ?\gh regrettable1 voyage 0 ! longe/ 9 duration ev] atta9$4 ,at ! end ( #dh h\rs 8 vessel w\ld seem to h be5 /ill well up & go+ /rong4 ,! only o!r previ\s voyage t _h 9 duration ( travel approa*$ ?is record 0 t made by ,m4 ,mallet1 9 #ahib1 & ma9ta9$ = #cf h\rs4 ,next we may m5tion t ( ,m4 ,h]ve1 9 #ahhf1 occupy+ #bd #a_/b h\rs1 :i* feat1 h[ev]1 0 almo/ equal l$ by ! great ,leipzig balloon 9 #ahig1 :i*1 ) eight p 9 ! c>1 rema9$ up = #bd #a_/d h\rs1 & did n t\* e>? till #a1jcb miles _h be5 trav]s$4 ,! fabric ( ,&ree's balloon may n be consid]$ to h be5 ! be/ = su* an exceptional purpose4 ,dismiss+ consid]ations ( co/1 goldbeat]s' sk9 w\ld d\btless h be5 m suitable4 ,! milit>y balloons at ,ald]%ot are made ( ?is1 & "o su* balloon has be5 kn[n to rema9 inflat$ = ?ree mon?s ) v little loss4 ,x is conceivable1 !re=e1 t ! *ances ( ! voyag]s1 ^: ultimate safety dep5d$ s l>gely ^u ! /ay+ p[] ( _! a]ial vessel1 might h be5 consid]ably increas$4 ,"o o!r exp$i5t1 :olly impracticable1 b (t5 s]i\sly discuss$1 may be briefly ref]r$ to1 namely1 ! idea ( tak+ up app>atus = pump+ gas into metal receiv]s z ! voyage proce$s1 9 ord] to raise or l[] a balloon1 & 9 ?is way to prolong its life4 ,mr4 ,w5ham has inve/igat$ ! po9t ) 8 usual pa9/ak+ c>e1 & r$uc$ its absurdity to a simple calculation1 :i* %\ld s]ve to bani% = good su* a m]e extravagant !ory4 ,suppose1 he says1 ! gas 7 compress$ to "o-tw5tie? "p ( its bulk1 :i* w\ld mean a pressure )9 its receiv] ( #cjj lbs4 p] squ>e in*1 & t ea* receiv] _h a capacity ( #a cubic foot1 :ile = safety sake x 0 made ( /eel plates "o-tw5tie? ( an in* ?ick1 !n ea* receiv] w\ld weigh #aj lbs41 & to lib]ate #a1jjj feet cle>ly a weight ( #ejj lbs4 w\ld h to be tak5 up4 ,n[1 :5 x is consid]$ t #a1jjj cubic feet ( hydrog5 w only lift #gb lbs41 ! s*eme beg9s to look hope less en\gh4 ,b :5 ! "q ( ! pump+ app>atus1 to be work$ by h&1 is contemplat$ ! difficulties introduc$ become yet m insup]able4 ,! only feasible sugge/ion ) respect ! use ( compress$ gas is t ( tak+ on bo>d *>g$ cyl9d]s "u high pressure1 :i*1 aft] be+ dis*>g$ to supply ! leakage ( ! balloon c\ld1 9 an un9habit$ c\ntry1 be ca/ out z balla/ la/4 ,x w ne$ no po9t+ out1 h[ev]1 t su* an idea w\ld be practically z futile z ano!r :i* has gravely be5 recomm5d$1 namely1 t ( heat+ ! gas ( ! balloon by a ,davy lamp1 s z to increase its buoyancy at w4 ,major ,bad5-,p[ell has aptly describ$ ?is z resembl+ an attempt to w>m a l>ge hall ) a small _s lamp4 ,9 any future attempt to rea* ! ,pole by balloon x is n unreasonable to suppose t wireless telegraphy w be put 9 practice to ma9ta9 communication ) ! base4 ,! writ]'s p]sonal exp]i5ce ( ! possibilities af=d$ by ?is mode ( communication1 yet 9 its infancy1 w be giv54 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,! ,,mod]n ,,air%ip--,,9 ,,se>* ,,( ,,! ,,leonids4 ,9 ! autumn ( #ahih ! a]onautical _w 0 int]e/$ to he> t a "y ,brazilian1 ,m4 ,santos ,dumont1 _h complet$ a some:at novel dirigible balloon1 cyl9drical 9 %ape1 ) conical ends1 #hc feet long by #ab feet 9 diamet]1 hold+ #f1ejj cubic feet ( gas1 & hav+ a small comp5sat+ balloon ( #hhj cubic feet capacity4 ,= a net 0 sub/itut$ a simple contrivance1 consi/+ ( two side pockets1 runn+ ! l5g? ( ! balloon1 & conta9+ batt5s ( wood1 to :i* 7 affix$ ! susp5sion cords1 b&s be+ also sewn ov] ! upp] "p ( ! balloon connect+ ! two pockets4 ,! mo/ important novelty1 h[ev]1 0 ! introduction ( a small petroleum motor simil> to ^? us$ = motor tricycles4 ,! inv5tor asc5d$ 9 ?is balloon1 inflat$ ) pure hydrog51 f ! ,j>d9 d',acclimatation1 ,p>is1 & circl$ sev]al times r\nd ! l>ge captive balloon 9 ! ,g>d5s1 aft] :i*1 mov+ t[>ds ! ,bois de ,b\logne1 he made sev]al sweeps ( #ajj y>ds radius4 ,!n ! pump ( ! comp5sator caus$ ! eng9e to /op1 & ! ma*9e1 p>tially collaps+1 fell to ! gr\nd4 ,santos ,dumont 0 some:at %ak51 b ann\nc$ 8 int5tion ( mak+ o!r trials4 ,9 ?is bold & successful attempt !re 0 cle> indication ( a fre% phase 9 ! con/ruction ( ! air%ip1 consi/+ 9 ! happy adoption ( ! mod]n type ( petroleum motor4 ,two o!r hy+ ma*9es 7 he>d ( ab\t ?is date1 "o by ,pr(essor ,giampietre1 ( ,pavia1 cig>-%ap$1 driv5 by screws1 & rigg$ ) ma/s & sails4 ,! o!r1 :i* _h be5 con/ruct$ & te/$ 9 /rict privacy1 0 ! inv5tion ( a ,fr5* eng9e]1 ,m4 ,ad]1 & 0 imag9$ to imitate ! ess5tial /ructure ( a bird4 ,two /eam motors ( #bj-;horse p[] suppli$ ! p[]4 ,x 0 />t$ by be+ run on ! gr\nd on small :eels atta*$ to x1 & x 0 claim$ t be=e a breakd[n occurr$ ! ma*9e _h actually rais$ itself into ! air4 ,( ,santos ,dumont ! _w 0 pres5tly to "k m1 & ! same mu/ be said ( ano!r inv5tor1 ,dr4 ,b>ton1 ( ,beck5ham1 :o %ortly complet$ an air%ip model c>ry+ a]oplanes & op]at$ by clockwork4 ,9 an e>ly exp]im5t ?is model travell$ f\r miles 9 tw5ty-?ree m9utes4 ,b ano!r air%ip1 a true levia?an1 _h be5 gr[+ into /ately & graceful proportions on ! %ores ( ! ,bod5zee 9 ,wurtemb]g1 & 0 already on ! eve ( completion4 ,c\nt ,zeppel91 a lieut4-g5]al 9 ! ,g]man ,army1 :o _h se5 s]vice 9 ! ,franco-,g]man ,w>1 _h = "s ye>s devot$ 8 =tune & en]gy to ! practical /udy ( a]ial navigation1 & _h prosecut$ exp]im5ts on a l>ge scale4 ,ev5tually1 hav+ =m$ a company ) a l>ge capital1 he 0 enabl$ to con/ruct an air%ip :i* 9 size has be5 comp>$ to a ,briti% man-(-w>4 ,cig>-%ap$1 its l5g? 0 no less ?an #dbj feet1 & diamet] #dj feet1 :ile its weight am\nt$ to no m ?an #g1bej lbs4 ,! framework1 :i* = lightness _h be5 made ( alum9ium1 01 ) ! object ( prev5t+ all ! gas collect+ at "o end ( its elongat$ =m1 subdivid$ into sev5te5 comp>tm5ts1 ea* ( ^! comp>tm5ts conta9+ a completely fitt$ gas balloon1 made ( oil$ cotton & m>vell\sly gas tight4 ,a /e]+ app>atus 0 plac$ bo? =e & aft1 & at a safe di/ance bel[ ! ma9 /ructure 7 fix$1 also =w>d & aft1 on alum9ium plat=ms1 two ,daiml] motor eng9es ( #af-;horse p[]1 work+ alum9ium propell]s ( f\r blades at ! rate ( #a1jjj revolutions a m9ute4 ,f9ally1 firmly atta*$ to ! inn] framework by rods ( alum9ium1 7 two c>s ( ! same metal1 furni%$ ) buff] spr+s to break ! =ce ( a fall4 ,! trial trip 0 n made till ! summ] foll[+--,june1 #aijj--;&1 9 ! mean:ile1 exp]im5ts _h gone =w>d ) ano!r mode ( flight1 t]m9at+1 unhappily1 9 ! dea? ( "o ( ! mo/ exp]t & +5i\s ( me*anical a]onauts4 ,mr4 ,p]cy ,s4 ,pil*]1 n[ ?irty-?ree ye>s ( age1 hav+ receiv$ 8 e>ly tra9+ 9 ! ,navy1 retir$ f ! ,s]vice to become a civil eng9e]1 & _h be5 = "s "t a p>tn] 9 ! firm ( ,wilson & ,pil*]4 ,= f\r or five ye>s he _h be5 exp]im5t+ 9 so>+ flight1 us+ a ,lili5?al ma*9e1 :i* he improv$ to suit 8 own me?ods4 ,among ^! 0 ! device ( ris+ (f ! gr\nd by be+ rapidly t[$ by a l9e aga9/ ! w9d4 ,at ! end ( ,septemb] he gave an exhibition at ,/am=d ,p>k be=e ,"l ,bray & a select p>ty ( fri5ds--?is 9 spite ( an unsuitable aft]noon ( un/eady w9d & occasional %[]s4 ,a long t[+ l9e 0 provid$1 :i*1 be+ pass$ r\nd pulley blocks & dragg$ by a c\ple ( horses1 0 capable ( be+ haul$ 9 at high spe$4 ,! fir/ trial1 ?\gh end+ 9 an accid5t1 0 em95tly satisfactory4 ,! app>atus1 runn+ aga9/ ! w9d1 _h ris5 "s di/ance1 :5 ! l9e broke1 yet ! inv5tor desc5d$ sl[ly & safely ) out/ret*$ w+s4 ,! next trial also comm5c$ well1 ) an easy rise to a height ( "s ?irty feet4 ,at t po9t1 h[ev]1 ! tail broke ) a snap1 & ! ma*9e1 pit*+ ov]1 fell a complete wreck4 ,mr4 ,pil*] 0 f\nd ins5sible1 ) 8 ?igh brok51 & ?\gh no o!r s]i\s injury 0 app>5t1 he succumb$ two days aft]w>ds )\t recov]+ consci\sness4 ,x 0 surmis$ t %r9kage ( ! canvas ( ! tail1 ?r\gh gett+ wet1 _h /ra9$ & brok5 its bamboo /ret*]4 ,?is autumn di$ ,ga/on ,tiss&i]1 at ! age ( fifty-six2 & 9 ! mon? ( ,decemb]1 at a ripe old age1 :ile /ill 9 full possession ( intellectual vig\r1 ,mr4 ,coxwell some:at sudd5ly pass$ away4 ,always ke5ly int]e/$ 9 ! progress ( a]onautics2 he _h b rec5tly1 9 a lett] to ! ,/&>d1 propos$ a well-consid]$ & practical me?od ( employ+ ,montgolfi] reconnoitr+ balloons1 portable1 readily inflat$1 & especially suit$ to ! w> 9 ,s\? ,africa4 ,p]haps ! la/ lett]s ( a private nature p5n$ by ,mr4 ,coxwell 7 to ! writ] & 8 daught]1 full ( fri5dly & valuable sugge/ion1 & m p>ticul>ly comm5t+ on a rec5t sci5tific a]ial voyage1 :i* prov$ to be n only s5sational1 b e/abli%$ a record 9 ,engli% balloon+4 ,! great tra9 ( ! ,novemb] meteors1 kn[n z ! ,leonids1 :i* at regul> p]iods ( ?irty-?ree ye>s _h 9 ! pa/ enc\nt]$ ! e>?'s atmosph]e1 0 due1 & ov]-due4 ,! cause ( ?is1 & ( _! f9ally elud+ obs]vation1 ne$ only be v briefly t\*$ on "h4 ,! actual meteoric tra9 is kn[n to travel 9 an elongat$ ellipse1 ! f> end ( :i* lies ne> ! conf9es ( ! sol> sy/em1 :ile at a po9t ne> ! hi!r end ! e>?'s orbit runs slant+ly a?w>t x1 =m+1 z x 71 a level cross+ common to ! two orbits1 ! e>? tak+ "s five or six h\rs 9 transit4 ,calculation %[s t ! meteor tra9 is to be expect$ at ?is cross+ e ?irty-?ree & a ?ird ye>s1 :ile ! tra9 is ext5d$ to su* an enorm\s l5g?--tak+ m ?an a ye> to draw cle>--t ! e>? mu/ ne$s enc\nt] x ere x gets by1 possibly ev5 two ye>s runn+4 ,!re c\ld be no absolute c]ta9ty ab\t ! exact ye>1 nor ! exact night :5 ! e>? & ! meteors w\ld =ega!r1 ow+ to ! unc]ta9 di/urbance :i* ! latt] mu/ suff] f ! pull ( ! planet>y bodies 9 ! long j\rney out & home aga9 among !m4 ,z is n[ kn[n1 ?is di/urb+ effect _h actually disp]s$ ! tra94 ,! %[]1 :i* 0 well se5 9 #ahff1 0 pretty confid5tly expect$ 9 #ahii1 & to gu>d aga9/ ! mis*ance ( cl\dy wea!r1 x 0 arrang$ t ! writ] %\ld1 on behalf ( ! ,times newspap]1 make an asc5t on ! "r night to secure obs]vations4 ,moreov]1 x 0 arrang$ t he %\ld h1 z *ief assi/ant1 8 own daught]1 an en?usia/ic lady a]onaut1 :o _h also tak5 "p 9 previ\s a/ronomical "w4 ,un=tunately !re 7 two nights1 ^? ( ,novemb] #ad? & #ae?1 :5 ! expect$ %[] seem$ equally probable1 &1 tak+ c\nsel ) ! be/ au?orities 9 ! a/ronomical _w1 x seem$ t ! only c\rse to avoid disappo9tm5t w\ld be to h a balloon fill$ & moor$ 9 read9ess = an imm$iate />t1 ei!r on ! fir/ night or on ! second4 ,?is settl$ ! matt] f ! a/ronomical side1 b !re 0 ! a]onautical side also to be consid]$4 ,a balloon ( #ef1jjj cubic feet capacity 0 ! l>ge/ available = ! occasion1 & a night asc5t ) ?ree pass5g]s & in/rum5ts w\ld ne$ pl5ty ( lift+ p[] to meet *ance em]g5cies4 ,?us x seem$ t a possible delay ( =ty-eight h\rs might entail a great] leakage ( gas ?an c\ld be af=d$4 ,! leakage might be expect$ *iefly to occur at ! valve 9 ! head ( ! balloon1 x be+ extremely difficult to r5d] any =m ( me*anical valve gas tight1 h[ev] c>efully its jo9ts be /opp$ ) lut+4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 !re=e1 x 0 det]m9$ t ! balloon %\ld be fitt$ ) :at is kn[n z a solid or r5d+ valve1 consi/+ simply ( balloon fabric ti$ h>d & fa/ ov] ! entire upp] outlet1 aft] ! fa%ion ( a jam pot cov]4 ,! outlet itself 0 a gap+ hole ( ov] #b feet across2 b by ! "t its cov]+ _h be5 c>efully v>ni%$ ov] all leakage 0 suffici5tly prev5t$1 ! "o drawback to ?is me?od be+ ! fact t ! lib]ation ( gas n[ admitt$ ( no regulation4 ,pull+ ! valve l9e w\ld simply mean op5+ ! entire wide ap]ture1 :i* c\ld 9 no way be clos$ aga94 ,! managem5t ( su* a valve consi/s 9 all[+ ! balloon to s9k spontane\sly e>?w>ds1 & :5 x has settl$ ne> ! gr\nd1 hav+ *os5 a desirable l&+ place1 to te> op5 ! s-call$ valve once & = all4 ,?is exp$i5t1 dictat$ by necessity1 seem+ suffici5t = ! purpose at h&1 prep>ations 7 proce$$ )1 &1 "u ! managem5t ( ,mr4 ,/anley ,sp5c]1 :o agre$ to act z a]onaut1 a l>ge balloon1 ) solid valve1 0 br\ght d[n to ,newbury gas works on ,novemb] #ad?1 &1 be+ inflat$ dur+ ! aft]noon1 0 full & made snug by sund[n4 ,b z ! meteor radiant w\ld n be well above ! horizon till aft] midnight1 ! a]onautical p>ty retir$ = refre%m5t1 & subsequ5tly = re/1 :51 z ! night wore on1 x became evid5t t1 ?\gh ! sky rema9$ cle>1 !re w\ld be no meteor display t night4 ,! next day 0 ov]ca/1 & by nightfall hopelessly s1 ! cl\ds ev] ?ick5+1 ) abs5ce ( w9d or any indication :i* might give promise ( a *ange4 ,?us by midnight x became impossible to tell :e!r any display 7 9 progress or n4 ,"u ^! circum/ances1 x might h be5 difficult to decide :5 to make ! />t ) ! be/ %[ ( reason4 ,cle>ly too e>ly a />t c\ld n subsequ5tly be rectifi$2 ! balloon1 once (f1 c\ld n come back aga92 :ile1 once lib]at$1 x w\ld be highly unwise = x to rema9 al(t & hidd5 by cl\ds = m ?an "s two h\rs1 le/ x %\ld be c>ri$ out to sea4 ,happily ! "r decision "u ^! circum/ances 0 p]fectly cle>4 ,o!r ?+s be+ equal1 ! be/ "t w\ld be ab\t #d a4m41 by :i* p]iod ! moon1 !n ne> ! full1 w\ld be gett+ l[1 & ! two h\rs ( d>kness left w\ld af=d ! be/ see+4 ,leav+1 !n1 an effici5t outlook on ! balloon gr\nd1 ! p>ty enjoy$ = "s h\rs ! ent]ta9m5t (f]$ !m by ! ,newbury ,guildhall ,club1 & at #d a4m4 tak+ _! seats 9 ! c>1 sail$ up into ! calm *illy air ( ! ,novemb] night4 ,b ! *ill9ess did n la/ = long4 ,a height ( #a1ejj feet 0 read by ! ,davy lamp1 & !n we ent]$ fog--w>m1 wett+ fog1 ?r\gh :i* ! balloon w\ld make no progress 9 spite ( a prodigal dis*>ge ( s&4 ,! fact 0 t ! balloon1 :i* _h become *ill$ ?r\gh ! night h\rs1 0 ga!r+ a great weight ( moi/ure f cond5sation on its surface1 & :51 at la/1 ! :ole dep? ( ! cl\d1 #a1ejj feet1 _h be5 p5etrat$1 ! *ill ( ! upp] air crippl$ ! balloon & s5t h] plung+ d[n aga9 into ! mi/1 necessitat+ yet fur!r exp5diture ( s&1 :i* by ?is "t _h am\nt$ to no less ?an #c #a_/b cwt4 9 tw5ty m9utes4 ,& !n at la/ we rea*$ our level1 a region on ! upp] m>g9 ( ! cl\d floor1 :]e evaporation r$uc$ ! temp]ature1 t _h rec5tly be5 t ( gre5h\se w>m?1 to int5se cold4 ,t evaporation 0 go+ on ar\nd u on a gigantic scale 0 made v manife/4 ,! surface ( ! va/ cl\d floor bel[ u 0 9 a p]fect turmoil1 l t ( a tr\bl$ sea4 ,if ! cl\d surface c\ld be comp>$ to any?+ on e>? x mo/ resembl$ sea :]e waves are runn+ m\nta9s high4 ,at "o mom5t we %\ld be sail+ ov] a tr\gh1 wide & deep bel[ u1 ! next a mighty bill[ w\ld toss itself al(t & vani% utt]ly into space4 ,ev]y:]e wrea?s ( mi/ ) ragg$ fr+es 7 )]+ away into empty air1 &1 m rem>kable yet1 0 ! conflict ( w9d :i* s5t ! cl\d wrack fly+ simply 9 all directions4 ,= two h\rs n[ !re 0 opportunity = obs]v+ at leisure all t c\ld be made ( ! fall+ meteors4 ,!re 7 a few1 & ^!1 ow+ to our cle>1 elevat$ region1 7 exceptionally bright4 ,! majority1 too1 7 true ,leonids1 issu+ f ! radiant po9t 9 ! ,sickle1 b ^! 7 n m num]\s ?an may be c\nt$ on t night 9 any ye>1 & s]v$ to emphasise ! fact t no real display 0 9 progress4 ,! outlook 0 ma9ta9$1 & c>eful notes made = two h\rs1 at ! end ( :i* "t ! dawn began to break1 ! />s w5t 91 & we 7 ready to pack up & come d[n4 ,b ! po9t 0 t we 7 n com+ d[n4 ,we 7 at t "t1 #f a4m41 #d1jjj feet high1 & x ne$s no po9t+ out t at su* an altitude x w\ld h be5 madness to te> op5 our huge r5d+ valve1 ?us empty+ ! balloon ( gas4 ,x may also be unnecess>y to po9t out t 9 an ord9>y aft]noon asc5t su* a valve w\ld be p]fectly satisfactory1 = "u ^! circum/ances ! sun pres5tly mu/ g d[n1 ! air mu/ gr[ *ill1 & ! balloon mu/ come e>?w>d1 all[+ ( an easy desc5t until a safe & suitable opportunity = r5d+ ! valve occurr$2 b n[ we knew t conditions 7 rev]s$1 & t ! sun 0 j go+ to rise4 ,& !n x 0 we realis$ t we 7 caught 9 a trap4 ,f t mom5t x 0 pa9fully evid5t t we 7 p[]less to act1 & 7 at ! m]cy ( circum/ances4 ,by ?is "t ! light 0 /rong1 &1 be+ well above ! toss+ bill[s ( mi/1 we comm&$ an ext5d$ view on e side1 :i* reveal$1 h[ev]1 only ! upp] unbrok5 surface ( ! d5se cl\d canopy t lay ov] all ! ,briti% ,isles4 ,we c\ld only make a r\gh guess z to our probable locality4 ,we knew t our c\rse at />t+ lay t[>ds ! we/1 & if we 7 ma9ta9+ t c\rse a travel ( sc>cely m ?an sixty miles w\ld c>ry u out to ! op5 sea4 ,we _h already be5 al(t = two h\rs1 & z we 7 at an altitude at :i* fa/ upp] curr5ts are commonly met )1 x 0 high "t t1 = safety1 we %\ld be com+ d[n2 yet x 0 morally c]ta9 t x w\ld be n[ _m h\rs be=e our balloon w\ld comm5ce to desc5d ( its own accord by %e] sl[ leakage ( gas1 by :i* "t1 beyond all reasonable d\bt1 we mu/ be c>ri$ f> out ov] ! ,atlantic4 ,all we c\ld d 0 to li/5 int5tly = any s\nds t might rea* u f e>?1 & assure u t we 7 /ill ov] ! l&2 & = a l5g? ( "t su* s\nds 7 v\*saf$ u--! b>k ( a dog1 ! l[+ ( cattle1 ! r++ trot ( a horse on "s h>d road f> d[n4 ,& !n1 z we 7 expect+1 ! sun climb$ up into an unsulli$ sky1 &1 m\nt+ by leaps & b\nds1 we wat*$ ! cl\d floor rec$+ b5ea? u4 ,! effect 0 extremely beautiful4 ,a description writt5 to ! ,times ! next morn+1 :ile ! impression 0 /ill fre%1 & f notes made at ?is p]iod1 ran ?us3--,away to an inf9itely di/ant horizon /ret*$ roll+ bill[s ( sn[y :it5ess1 brok5 up "h & !re into seem+ icefields1 ) huge fanta/ic hummocks4 ,else:]e domes & spires re>$ !mselves above ! g5]al surface1 or an isolat$ ,matt]horn t[]$ into space4 ,9 "s qu>t]s x 0 impossible to look )\t ! conviction t we actually beheld ! outl9e ( l(ty cliffs ov]hang+ a none too di/ant sea4 ,%ortly we began to he> l\d reports ov]head1 resembl+ small explosions1 & we knew :at ^! 7--! moi/1 %runk5 nett+ 0 giv+ out "u ! hot sun & yield+ n[ & aga9 ) sudd5 release to ! rapidly exp&+ gas4 ,x 01 !re=e1 ) grave conc]n1 b ) no surprise1 t :5 we next turn$ to ! an]oid we f\nd ! index po9t+ to #i1jjj feet1 & /ill mov+ upw>ds4 ,h\r aft] h\r pass$ by1 &1 s\nds hav+ ceas$ to rea* u1 x rema9s unc]ta9 :e!r or no we 7 actually c>ri$ out to sea & head$ back aga9 by contr>y curr5ts1 an exp]i5ce ) :i* a]onauts1 includ+ ! writ]1 h be5 famili>2 b1 at l5g?1 !re 0 borne up to u ! di/ant s\nd ( heavy hamm]s & ( frequ5t tra9s1 f :i* we ga!r$ t we 7 probably ov] ,bri/ol1 & x 0 !n t ! ?\ght occurr$ to my daught] t we might possibly communicate ) ^? bel[ ) a view to succ\r4 ,?is l$ to our writ+ ! foll[+ message _m times ov] on blank telegraph =ms & ca/+ !m d[n3--,urg5t4 ,l>ge balloon f ,newbury travell+ ov]head above ! cl\ds4 ,_c desc5d4 ,telegraph to sea coa/ 7coa/-gu>ds7 to be ready to rescue4--,bacon & ,sp5c]4 ,:ile ?us occupi$ we caught ! s\nd ( waves1 & ! %riek ( a %ip's sir54 ,we 7 cross+ a rea* ( ! ,sev]n1 & mo/ ( our missives probably fell 9 ! sea4 ,b ov] ! e/u>y !re mu/ h be5 a cold upp] curr5t bl[+1 :i* crippl$ our balloon1 = ! an]oid pres5tly told ( a fall ( #b1jjj feet4 ,x 0 n[ pa/ noon1 & to u ! turn ( ! tide 0 come4 ,v sl[ly1 & ) /range fluctuations1 ! balloon crept d[n till x rea*$ & became envelop$ 9 ! cl\d bel[1 & !n ! end 0 ne>4 ,! actual desc5t occupi$ ne>ly two h\rs1 & af=ds a curi\s /udy 9 a]o/ation4 ,! details ( ! balloon's dy+ /ruggles & ( our own r\gh desc5t1 entail+ ! fracture ( my daught]'s arm1 are told 9 ano!r volume499 ,we fell ne> ,nea?1 ,glamorgan%ire1 only "o & a half miles %ort ( ! sea1 complet+ a voyage :i* is a record 9 ,engli% balloon+--t5 h\rs f />t to f9i%4 99 ,by ,l& & ,sky1 by ! ,au?or4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,rec5t ,,a]onautical ,,ev5ts4 ,! fir/ trial ( ! ,zeppel9 air %ip 0 arrang$ to take place on ,june #cj?1 #aijj1 a day :i*1 f abs5ce ( w9d1 0 em95tly well suit$ = ! purpose2 b ! inflation prov$ too sl[ a process1 & op]ations 7 po/pon$ to ! morr[4 ,! morr[1 h[ev]1 0 some:at w9dy1 caus+ delay1 & by ! "t all 0 9 read9ess d>kness _h set 9 & ! />t 0 once m po/pon$4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ! ?ird day ! mon/] craft 0 skilfully & successfully manoeuvr$1 &1 ris+ ) a v light w9d1 got fairly away1 c>ry+ ,c\nt ,zeppel9 & f\r o!r p]sons 9 ! two c>s4 ,drift+ ) ! w9d1 x atta9$ a height ( "s #hjj or #ijj feet1 at :i* po9t ! /e]+ app>atus be+ br\ght into play x circl$ r\nd & fac$ ! w9d1 :5 x rema9$ /ation>y4 ,b n = long4 ,%ortly x began to desc5d &1 s9k+ gradually1 gracefully1 & 9 p]fect safety1 9 ab\t n9e m9utes x rea*$ & re/$ on ! wat]1 :5 x 0 t[$ home4 ,a little lat] 9 ! mon?1 ,july1 ano!r trial 0 made1 :5 a w9d 0 bl[+ e/imat$ at sixte5 miles an h\r4 ,z on ! previ\s occasion1 ! direct influ5ce ( ! sun 0 avoid$ by wait+ till ev5+ h\rs4 ,x asc5d$ at #h p4m41 & ! eng9es gett+ to "w x made a sl[ progress ( ab\t two miles an h\r aga9/ ! w9d = ab\t #c #a_/b miles1 :5 "o ( ! rudd]s gave way1 & ! ma*9e 0 oblig$ to desc5d4 ,on ! ev5+ ( ,octob] #bd? ( ! same ye>1 9 v calm wea!r & ) bett] hope1 ano!r asc5t 0 made4 ,on ?is occasion1 h[ev]1 success 0 fru/rat$ by "o ( ! re> rudd]s gett+ f\l ( ! ge>1 foll[$ by ! escape ( gas f "o ( ! balloons4 ,ano!r & m successful trial took place 9 ! same mon?1 aga9 9 calm atmosph]e4 ,inf]ior gas 0 employ$1 & x w\ld appe> t ! vessel _h n suffici5t buoyancy4 ,x rema9$ al(t = a p]iod ( tw5ty m9utes1 dur+ :i* x prov$ p]fectly manageable1 mak+ a graceful j\rney out & home1 & return+ close to its po9t ( dep>ture4 ,?is magnific5t air %ip1 ! result ( tw5ty ye>s ( exp]im5t1 has s9ce be5 ab&on$ & brok5 up2 yet ! sacrifice has n be5 )\t result4 ,ov] & above ! /imulus :i* ,c\nt ,zeppel9's great endeav\r has giv5 to ! a]onautical _w1 two special triumphs are 84 ,he has %[n ballooni/s h[ to make a p]fectly gas-tight mat]ial1 & has rais$ p[]ful petroleum motors 9 a balloon ) safety4 ,9 ! e>ly "p ( #aijj x 0 ann\nc$ t a memb] ( ! ,p>is ,a]o ,club1 :o at ! "t )held 8 "n 7,m4 ,deuts*7 (f]$ a prize ( #ajj1jjj francs to ! a]onaut :o1 ei!r 9 a balloon or fly+ ma*9e1 />t+ f ! gr\nds ( ! ,a]o ,club at ,long*amps1 w\ld make a j\rney r\nd ! ,eiffel ,t[]1 return+ to ! />t+ place )9 half an h\r4 ,! donor w\ld )draw 8 prize if n won )9 five ye>s1 & 9 ! mean:ile w\ld pay #d1jjj francs annually t[>ds ! enc\ragem5t ( wor?y exp]im5t]s4 ,x 0 f ?is "t t fly+ ma*9es 9 great v>iety & goodly numb] began to be he>d (1 if n actually se54 ,"o ( ! e>lie/ to be ann\nc$ 9 ! ,press 0 a ma*9e inv5t$ by ! ,russian1 ,fe$or(f1 & ! ,fr5*man1 ,dupont4 ,dr4 ,danilewsky came =w>d ) a fly+ ma*9e comb9+ balloon & a]oplane1 ! /e]+ ( :i* w\ld be work$ l a velocip$e by ! feet ( ! a]onaut4 ,mr4 ,p4 ,y4 ,alex&]1 ( ,ba?1 :o _h long be5 an en?usia/ic ballooni/1 & :o _h devot$ a va/ am\nt ( pa9s1 orig9ality1 & eng9e]+ skill to ! pursuit ( a]onautics1 0 at ?is "t giv+ mu* att5tion to ! fly+ ma*9e1 & 01 inde$1 "o ( ! assi/ants 9 ! fir/ successful laun*+ ( ! ,zeppel9 air%ip4 ,9 conc]t ) ,mr4 ,w4 ,g4 ,walk]1 ,a4,m4,i4,c4,e41 ,mr4 ,alex&] c>ri$ out "s valuable & exhau/ive exp]im5ts on ! lift+ p[] ( air propell]s1 #cj feet 9 diamet]1 driv5 by a portable eng9e4 ,! results1 :i* 7 ( a purely te*nical nature1 h be5 embodi$ 9 a c>efully compil$ memoir4 ,an air %ip n[ appe>$1 inv5t$ by ,m4 ,rose1 consi/+ ( two elongat$ vessels fill$ ) gas1 & c>ry+ ! work+ ge> & c> betwe5 !m4 ,! ma*9e 0 int5tionally made heavi] ?an air1 & 0 op]at$ by a petrol motor ( #ab-;horse p[]4 ,x 0 n[ t ann\ncem5ts began to be made to ! effect t1 next to ! ,zeppel9 air %ip1 ,m4 ,santos ,dumont's balloon 0 probably attract+ mo/ ( ! att5tion ( exp]ts4 ,! acc\nt giv5 ( ?is air vessel by ! ,daily ,express 0 some:at />tl+4 ,! balloon prop] 0 comp>$ to a l>ge torp$o4 ,?ree feet b5ea? ?is hangs ! gasol9e motor :i* is to supply ! p[]4 ,! propell] is #ab feet 9 diamet]1 & is revolv$ s rapidly by ! motor t ! eng9e frequ5tly gets r$ hot4 ,! only accommodation = ! travell] is a little bicycle seat1 f :i* ! a]onaut w direct 8 motor & /e]+ ge> by means ( treadles4 ,!n ! incl9ation or decl9ation ( 8 ma*9e mu/ be not$ on ! _s level at 8 side1 & ! #bjj odd p\nds ( balla/ mu/ be regulat$ z ! c\rse requires4 ,a m detail$ acc\nt ( ?is navigable balloon 0 furni%$ by a memb] ( ! ,p>is ,a]o ,club4 ,f ?is au?ority we le>n t ! capacity ( ! balloon 0 #aj1gjj cubic feet4 ,x conta9$ an inn] balloon & an air fan1 ! function ( :i* 0 to ma9ta9 ! %ape ( ! balloon :5 meet+ ! w9d1 & ! :ole 0 op]at$ by a #aj-;horse p[] motor capable ( work+ ! screw at #ajj revolutions p] m9ute4 ,b be=e ! a]ial exploits ( ,santos ,dumont _h become fam\s1 balloons _h aga9 claim$ public att5tion4 ,on ,augu/ #a/ ,capta9 ,spelt]9i1 ) two companions1 tak+ a balloon & #ahj cyl9d]s ( hydrog5 to ! top ( ! ,rigi & asc5d+ !nce1 pursu$ a nor?-ea/ c\rse1 across ext5sive & beautiful tracts ( icefield & m\nta9 fa/nesses unvisit$ by m54 ,! desc5t1 :i* 0 difficult & critical1 0 happily manoeuvr$4 ,?is took place on ! ,gnuetsev51 a peak ov] #e1jjj feet high1 ! plateau on :i* ! voyag]s l&$ be+ describ$ z only #ej y>ds squ>e1 surr\nd$ by precipices4 ,on ! #aj? ( ,septemb] foll[+ ! writ] 0 =tunate 9 c>ry+ out "s wireless telegraphy exp]im5ts 9 a balloon1 ! success ( :i* is entirely due to ! unrivall$ skill ( ,mr4 ,nevil ,maskelyne1 ,f4,r4,a4,s41 & to 8 clev] adaptation ( ! special app>atus ( 8 own inv5tion to ! exig5cies ( a free balloon4 ,! occasion 0 ! g>d5 p>ty at ! ,brad=d meet+ ( ! ,briti% ,association1 ,admiral ,sir ,edmund ,fremantle tak+ "p 9 ! voyage1 ) ,mr4 ,p]cival ,sp5c] 9 *>ge4 ,! exp]im5t 0 to include ! fir+ ( a m9e 9 ! gr\nds two m9utes aft] ! balloon _h left1 & ?is item 0 entirely successful4 ,! ma9 idea 0 to attempt to e/abli% communication betwe5 a base & a free balloon retreat+ ?r\gh space at a height beyond practicable gun %ot4 ,! w9d 0 fa/ & squally1 & ! unavoidable r\gh jolt+ :i* ! c> receiv$ at ! />t put ! transmitt+ in/rum5t out ( action4 ,! messages1 h[ev]1 :i* 7 s5t f ! gr\nds at ,li/] ,p>k 7 receiv$ & wat*$ by ! occupants ( ! c> up to a di/ance ( tw5ty miles1 at :i* po9t ! voyage t]m9at$4 ,on ,septemb] #cj?1 & also on ,octob] #i?1 ( ?is ye>1 took place two pr9cipal balloon races f ,v9c5nes 9 connection ) ! ,p>is ,exposition4 ,9 ! fir/ race1 among ^? :o compet$ 7 ,m4 ,jacques ,faure1 ! ,c\nt de la ,vaulx1 & ,m4 ,jacques ,balsan4 ,! ,c\nt 0 ! w9n]1 rea*+ ,wocawek1 9 ,russian ,pol&1 a travel ( #gjf miles1 9 #ba h\rs #cd m9utes4 ,m4 ,balsan 0 second1 desc5d+ ne> ,dantzig 9 ,ea/ ,prussia1 #geg miles1 9 #bb h\rs4 ,m4 ,jacques ,faure rea*$ ,mamlitz1 9 ,ea/ ,prussia1 a di/ance ( #gec miles4 ,9 ! f9al race ! ,c\nt de la ,vaulx made a record voyage ( #a1aic miles1 rea*+ ,koro/i*eff1 9 ,russia1 9 #ce h\rs #de m9utes1 atta9+ a maximum altitude ( #ah1haj feet4 ,m4 ,j4 ,balsan rea*$ a great] height1 namely1 #ba1ehb feet1 travell+ to ,rodom1 9 ,russia1 a di/ance ( #hdc miles1 9 #bg h\rs #be m9utes4 ,"s ph5om5al altitudes 7 atta9$ at ?is "t4 ,9 ,septemb]1 #ahih1 ,dr4 ,b]son1 ( ,b]l91 asc5d$ f ! ,cry/al ,palace 9 a balloon inflat$ ) hydrog51 "u ! managem5t ( ,mr4 ,/anley ,sp5c]1 oxyg5 be+ an ess5tial "p ( ! equipm5t4 ,! />t 0 made at #e p4m41 & ! balloon at fir/ drift$ s\?-ea/1 out ov] ! m\? ( ! ,?ames1 until at an altitude ( #aj1jjj feet an upp] curr5t *ang$ ! c\rse to s\?we/1 ! balloon m\nt+ rapidly till #bc1jjj feet 0 rea*$1 at :i* height ! coa/ ( ,france 0 pla9ly se54 ,at #be1jjj feet bo? voyag]s 7 gasp+1 & compell$ to inhale oxyg54 ,at #bg1ejj feet1 only f\r bags ( balla/ be+ left1 ! desc5t 0 comm5c$1 & a safe l&+ 0 effect$ at ,rom=d4 ,subsequ5tly ,dr4 ,b]son1 9 company ) ,dr4 ,sur+1 asc5d+ f ,b]l91 atta9$ an altitude ( #cd1jjj feet4 ,at #cj1jjj feet ! a]onauts 7 inhal+ oxyg51 & be=e rea*+ _! highe/ po9t bo? _h = a consid]able "t rema9$ unconsci\s4 ,9 #aija a new a]oplane fly+ ma*9e began to attract att5tion1 ! inv5tion ( ,h]r ,kress4 ,a novel feature ( ! ma*9e 0 a device to r5d] x ( avail = ,arctic travel4 ,9 %ape x might be comp>$ to an iceboat ) two keels & a long /em1 ! keels be+ adapt$ to run on ice or sn[1 :ile ! boat w\ld float on wat]4 ,p[] 0 to be d]iv$ f a petrol motor4 ,at ! same p]iod ,m4 ,h5ry ,sutor 0 busy on ,lake ,con/ance ) an air %ip design$ also to float on wat]4 ,!n ,mr4 ,bu*anan foll[$ ) a fi%-%ap$ vessel1 "o ( ! mo/ important specialities ( :i* consi/$ 9 side propell]s1 ! surfaces ( :i* 7 r\gh5$ ) m9ute diagonal grooves to effect a great] grip on ! air4 ,no less orig9al 0 ! air %ip1 #ajj feet long1 & c>ry+ #ah1jjj cubic feet ( gas1 :i* ,mr4 ,w4 ,be$le 0 engag$ ^u4 ,9 ?is ma*9e1 besides ! propell]s = controll+ ! horizontal motion1 !re 0 "o to regulate v]tical motion1 ) a view ( obviat+ exp5diture ( gas or balla/4 ,b by ?is "t ,m4 ,santos ,dumont1 pursu+ 8 hobby ) unp>allel$ p]sev]ance1 _h built 9 succession no less ?an six air %ips1 meet+ ) no mean success1 pr(it+ by e lesson taught by failures1 & mak+ light ( all accid5ts1 great or small4 ,on ,july #ae?1 #aija1 he made a fam\s try = ! ,deuts* prize 9 a cig>-%ap$ balloon1 #aaj feet long1 #ai1jjj cubic feet capacity1 c>ry+ a ,daiml] oil motor ( #ae-;horse p[]4 ,! day 0 n fav\rable1 b1 />t+ f ! ,p>c d',a]o/ation1 he 0 abrea/ ( ! ,eiffel ,t[] 9 ?irte5 m9utes1 circl+ r\nd :i*1 & battl+ aga9/ a head w9d1 he rea*$ ! gr\nds ( ! ,a]o ,club 9 #da m9utes f ! />t1 or #aa m9utes late by ! conditions ( ! prize4 ,a cyl9d] _h brok5 d[n1 & ! balance ( ! vessel _h become upset4 ,)9 a =tnight--,july #bi?--9 fav\rable wea!r1 he made ano!r flight1 la/+ fifte5 m9utes1 at ! end ( :i* he _h return$ to 8 />t+ gr\nd4 ,!n on ,augu/ #h? a m mom5t\s attempt came (f4 ,sail+ up ) a rapid asc5t1 & fly+ ) ! w9d1 ,santos ,dumont cov]$ ! di/ance to ! ,t[] 9 five m9utes only1 & gracefully swung r\nd2 b1 imm$iately aft]1 ! w9d play$ havoc1 sl[+ d[n ! motor1 at ! same "t damag+ ! balloon1 & caus+ an escape ( gas4 ,on ?is ,santos ,dumont1 asc5d+ high] into ! sky1 quitt$ ! c>1 & climb$ along ! keel to inspect1 &1 if possible1 rectify ! motor1 b ) little success4 ,! balloon 0 empty+1 & ! ma*9e pit*$ badly1 till a fur!r r5t occurr$1 :5 x comm5c$ fall+ hopelessly & ) a spe$ mom5t>ily increas+4 ,slant+ ov] a ro(1 ! balloon caught a *imney & tore asund]2 b ! wreck1 also cat*+1 held fa/1 :ile ! c> hung helplessly d[n a blank wall4 ,9 ?is p]il\s pr$icam5t great coolness & agility alone av]t$ disa/]1 till firem5 7 able to come to ! rescue4 ,! air %ip 0 damag$ beyond repair1 b by ,septemb] #f? ano!r 0 complet$1 & on trial appe>$ to "w well until1 :ile travell+ at spe$1 x 0 br\ght up & badly /ra9$ by ! trail rope cat*+ 9 trees4 ,e>ly 9 ! next mon? ! "y ,brazilian 0 al(t aga91 ) wea!r conditions entirely 9 8 fav\r2 b aga9 c]ta9 m9or mi%aps prev5t$ 8 next /ruggle = ! prize1 :i* did n take place till ! #ai?4 ,on ?is day a light cross w9d 0 bl[+1 n suffici5t1 h[ev]1 s]i\sly to influ5ce ! fir/ /age ( ! "t race1 & ! outw>d j\rney 0 accompli%$ ) a direct flight 9 n9e m9utes4 ,on r\nd+ ! t[]1 h[ev]1 ! w9d began to tell prejudicially1 & ! propell] became d]ang$4 ,on ?is1 lett+ 8 vessel fall (f f ! w9d1 ,santos ,dumont crawl$ along ! framework till he rea*$ ! motor1 :i* he succe$$ 9 aga9 sett+ 9 work+ ord]1 ?\gh n )\t a delay ( sev]al m9utes & "s loss ( gr\nd4 ,f t po9t ! return j\rney 0 accompli%$ 9 eight m9utes1 & ! race 01 at ! "t1 decl>$ lo/ by #dj seconds only4 ,! mo/ important & novel feature 9 ! air %ips con/ruct$ by ,santos ,dumont 0 ! int]nal ballonet1 inflat$ automatically by a v5tilator1 ! exp$i5t be+ design$ to pres]ve ! %ape ( ! ma9 balloon itself :ile meet+ ! w9d4 ,on ! :ole1 x answ]$ well1 & took ! place ( ! heavy wire cage us$ by ,zeppel94 ,m4 de ,fonvielle1 comm5t+ on ! a*ievem5ts ( ,santos ,dumont1 wrote3--,x does n appe> t he has navigat$ 8 balloon aga9/ m ?an v light w9ds1 b 9 8 ma*9]y he has %[n su* att5tion to detail t x may reasonably be expect$ t if he cont9ues to increase 8 motive p[] he w1 ere long1 exce$ pa/ p]=mances4 ,mr4 ,*anute has a fur!r ^w to say ab\t ! possibility ( mak+ balloons navigable4 ,he consid]s t _! size w h to be great to ! v]ge ( impracticability & ! p[] ( ! motor enorm\s 9 proportion to its weight4 ,z to fly+ ma*9es1 prop]ly s call$1 he calculates ! be/ t has be5 done to be ! su/a9+ ( f #bg lbs4 to #ee lbs4 p] horse p[] by impact ^u ! air4 ,b ,mr4 ,*anute also argues t ! equilibrium is ( prime importance1 & on ?is po9t !re c\ld sc>cely be a great] au?ority4 ,no "o ( liv+ m5 has giv5 m att5tion to ! problem ( so>+1 & x is /at$ t he has _h ab\t a ?\s& slides made by assi/ants1 ) diff]5t types ( ma*9e1 & all )\t ! slighte/ accid5t4 ,_m o!r a]ial vessels might be m5tion$4 ,mr4 ,t4 ,h4 ,ba/91 ( ,clapham1 has be5 engag$ = _m ye>s on a ma*9e :i* %\ld imitate bird flight z ne>ly z ?is may be practicable4 ,b>on ,bradsky aims at a navigable balloon on an ambiti\s scale4 ,m4 ,tat9 is ano!r c&idate = ! ,deuts* prize4 ,( ,dr4 ,b>ton's air %ip m is look$ =1 z be+ design$ = ! ,w> ,(fice4 ,x is und]/ood t ! (ficial requirem5ts dem& a ma*9e :i*1 :ile capable ( transport+ a man ?r\gh ! air at a spe$ ( #ac miles an h\r1 c rema9 fully inflat$ = #dh h\rs4 ,"o ( ! mo/ sangu9e1 z well z ent]pris+1 imitators ( ,santos ,dumont 0 a fell[ c\ntryman1 ,augu/e ,sev]o4 ,( 8 ma*9e dur+ con/ruction little c\ld be ga!r$1 & /ill less se51 f ! fact t ! v>i\s p>ts 7 be+ manufactur$ at diff]5t work%ops1 b x 0 kn[n to be ( l>ge size & to be fitt$ ) p[]ful motors4 ,?is 0 an ill-fat$ vessel4 ,at an e>ly h\r on ,may #ab? ( ?is ye>1 #aijb1 all ,p>is 0 />tl$ by a report t ,m4 ,sev]o & 8 assi/ant1 ,m4 ,sa*et _h be5 kill$ :ile mak+ a trial excursion4 ,x appe>s t at daybreak x _h be5 decid$ t ! fav\rable mom5t = trial _h arriv$4 ,! ma*9]y 0 got ready1 & ) little delay ! air vessel 0 dismiss$ & rose quietly & /eadily into ! calm sky4 ,! ,daily ,mail gives ! foll[+ acc\nt ( :at ensu$3-- ,= ! fir/ few m9utes all w5t well1 & ! motor seem$ to be work+ satisfactorily4 ,! air %ip answ]$ ! helm readily1 & admir+ exclamations rose f ! cr[d4444 ,b z ! vessel rose high] %e 0 se5 to fall (f f ! w9d1 :ile ! a]onauts c\ld be se5 va9ly endeav\r+ to keep h] head on4 ,!n ,m4 ,sev]o comm5c$ ?r[+ out balla/4444 ,all ?is "t ! %ip 0 gradually so>+ high] & high] until1 j z x 0 ov] ! ,montp>nasse ,cemet]y1 at ! height ( #b1jjj feet1 a %eet ( flame 0 se5 to %oot up f "o ( ! motors1 & in/antly ! imm5se silk envelope conta9+ #i1jjj cubic feet ( hydrog5 0 envelop$ 9 leap+ tongues ( fire4444 ,z soon z ! flames came 9 contact ) ! gas a trem5d\s explosion foll[$1 & 9 an in/ant all t 0 left ( ! air %ip fell to ! e>?4 ,bo? a]onauts 7 da%$ to pieces4 ,x 0 ?\ght t ! fatality 0 caus$ ?r\gh faulty con/ruction1 ! escape valve = ! gas be+ situat$ only ab\t n9e feet f ! motor4 ,x 0 ann\nc$ by ,c\nt de la ,vaulx t dur+ ! summ] ( #aija he w\ld attempt to cross ! ,m$it]ranean by a balloon1 provision$ = ?ree weeks1 ma9ta9+ communication ) ! coa/ dur+ 8 voyage by wireless telegraphy & o!r me?ods ( signall+4 ,he 0 to make use ( ! ,h]ve ,deviator1 or /e]+ app>atus1 :i* may be describ$ z a s]ies ( cup%ap$ plates dipp+ 9 ! wat] at ! end ( a trail rope4 ,by means ( controll+ cords work$ f ! c>1 ! :ole s]ies ( plates c\ld be turn$ at an angle to ! direction ( ! w9d1 by :i* ! balloon's c\rse w\ld be alt]$4 ,c\nt de la ,vaulx attempt$ ?is gr& j\rney on ,octob] #ab?1 />t+ f ,t\lon ) ! int5tion ( rea*+ ,algi]s1 tak+ ! precaution1 h[ev]1 ( hav+ a cruis] 9 att5dance4 ,:5 fifty miles out f ,m>seilles a pass+ /eam] receiv$ f ! balloon ! signal1 ,all's well2 b ! w9d _h ve]$ r\nd to ! ea/1 &1 rema9+ p]si/5tly 9 ?is qu>t]1 ! ,c\nt ab&on$ 8 v5ture1 &1 signall+ to ! cruis]1 succe$$ 9 alight+ on h] deck1 n1 h[ev]1 be=e he _h complet$ ! spl5did & record voyage ( #da h\rs' duration4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,! ,,possibilities ,,( ,,balloons ,,9 ,,w>f>e4 ,cle>ly ! "t has n yet arriv$ :5 ! fly+ ma*9e w be s]viceable 9 w>4 ,yet we are n )\t ^? !oris]s :o1 at ! pres5t mom5t1 w\ld s]i\sly propose s*emes = convey+ dynamite & o!r explosives by air %ip1 or dropp+ !m ov] ho/ile =ces or =tresses1 or ev5 fleets at sea4 ,!y g yet fur!r1 & gravely discuss ! po9t :e!r su* w>f>e w\ld be legitimate4 ,we1 h[ev]1 may say at once1 emphatically1 t any su* s*eme is simply impracticable4 ,x mu/ be abundantly evid5t t1 s f>1 no =m ( dirigible air %ip exi/s :i* c\ld be reli$ on to c>ry out any requir$ manoeuvre 9 su* atmosph]ic conditions z g5]ally prevail4 ,if1 ev5 9 calm & fav\rable wea!r1 m (t5 ?an n motors break d[n1 or ge> c>ries away1 :at hope is !re = any a]ial craft :i* w\ld attempt to battle ) su* w9d curr5ts z commonly bl[ al(t8 ,& :5 we turn to ! balloon prop]1 are *ances greatly improv$8 ,! em95tly practical a]onaut1 ,john ,wise1 z 0 told 9 ,*apt] ,,xii41 prep>$ a s*eme = ! r$uction ( ,v]a ,cruz by ! ag5cy ( a balloon4 ,let u glance at x4 ,a s+le balloon 0 to suffice1 measur+ #ajj feet 9 diamet]1 & capable ( rais+ 9 ! gross #cj1jjj lbs4 ,to manoeuvre ?is mon/r\s eng9e he calculates he w\ld require a cable five miles long1 by means ( :i* he hop$1 9 "s mann]1 to "w 8 way directly ov] ! =tress1 & to rema9 pois$ at t po9t at ! height ( a mile 9 ! sky4 ,once grant$ t he c\ld arrive & ma9ta9 himself at t position1 ! ?r[+ out ( combu/ibles w\ld be simple1 ?\gh ev5 !n ! spot :]e !y w\ld alight aft] ! drop ( a mile w\ld be by no means c]ta94 ,x is also obvi\s t a va/ am\nt ( gas w\ld h to be sacrific$ to comp5sate = ! prodigal dis*>ge ( balla/ 9 ! =m ( missiles4 ,! idea ( manoeuvr+ a balloon 9 a w9d1 & pois+ x 9 ! mann] sugge/$1 is1 ( c\rse1 prepo/]\s2 & :5 "o consid]s ! attempt to aim bombs f a mov+ balloon high 9 air ! case becomes yet m absurd4 ,any su* missile w\ld p>take ( ! motion ( ! balloon itself1 & x w\ld be impossible to tell :]e x w\ld /rike ! e>?4 ,to give an example :i* is (t5 en\gh tri$ 9 balloon travel :5 ! gr\nd bel[ is cle>4 ,a glass bottle 7presumably empty7 is ca/ ov]bo>d & its fall wat*$4 ,x is se5 n to be left beh9d1 b to keep pace ) ! balloon1 %r9k+ gradually to an object too small to be disc]n$1 except :5 e n[ & !n a ray ( sunlight reflect$ (f x reveals x = a mom5t z x cont9ues to plunge d[nw>ds4 ,aft] a v few seconds ! impression is t x is ab\t to rea* ! e>?1 & ! eye =ms a guess at "s spot :i* x w /rike2 b ! spot is quickly pass$1 & ! bottle travels f> beyond across a field1 ov] ! fur!r f5ce1 & va/ly fur!r yet2 inde$1 inasmu* z to fall a mile 9 air a heavy body may take ov] tw5ty seconds--& tw5ty seconds is long to ^? :o wat*--x is (t5 impossible to tell to two or ?ree fields :]e x w f9ally settle4 ,all ?is :ile ! risk t a balloon w\ld run ( be+ riddl$ by bullets1 %rapnel1 or pom-poms has n be5 tak5 into acc\nt1 & z to ! e/imate ( ?is risk !re is "s diff]5ce ( op9ion4 ,! balloon corps & ! artill]y app>5tly approa* ! "q ) diff]5t bias4 ,on ! "o h&1 x is /at$ ) p]fect tru? t a free balloon1 :i* is g5]ally ei!r ris+ or fall+1 z well z mov+ across c\ntry1 is a h>d object to hit1 & a m>ksman w\ld only /rike x ) a *ance or blund]+ %ot2 b1 on ! o!r h& let u take ! foll[+ report ( ?ree ye>s ago4 ,! ,g]man artill]y _h be5 te/+ ! effici5cy ( a quick-fir+ gun :5 us$ aga9/ a balloon1 & !y decid$ t ! latt] w\ld h no *ance ( escape except at night4 ,a ,g]man kite-balloon 0 kept mov+ at an altitude ( #fjj metres1 & ! guns tra9$ ^u x 7 di/ant #c1jjj metres4 ,x 0 !n /at$ t aft] ! ?ird dis*>ge ( ! rapid fir+ batt]y ! range 0 f\nd1 :5 all 0 at once ov] ) ! balloon2 =1 n only 0 x hit ) e dis*>ge1 b x 0 pres5tly set on fire & annihilat$4 ,b1 9 any case1 ! antique mode ( keep+ a balloon moor$ at any spot z a po/ ( obs]vation mu/ be ab&on$ 9 mod]n w>f>e4 ,major ,bad5-,p[ell1 speak+ f p]sonal exp]i5ce 9 ,s\? ,africa1 has %[n h[ dang]\s1 or else h[ useless1 su* a =m ( reconnaissance has become4 ,i rememb]1 he says1 at ! battle ( ,mag]sfonte9 my company 0 ly+ d[n 9 ext5d$ ord] t[>ds ! left ( our l9e4 ,we 7 p]fectly safe f musketry fire1 z we lay1 p]haps1 two miles f ! ,bo] tr5*es1 :i* 7 be+ %ell$ by "s ( our guns close by4 ,! enemy's artill]y 0 practically sil5t4 ,pres5tly1 on look+ r\nd1 ,i descri$ our balloon away out beh9d u ab\t two miles (f4 ,!n %e /eadily rose & made sev]al trips to a good height1 b :at c\ld be se5 f t di/ance8 ,:5 a l>ge numb] ( our troops 7 rang$ up )9 #hjj y>ds ( ! tr5*es1 & _m m at all po9ts beh9d !m1 :at useful in=mation c\ld be obta9$ by means ( ! balloon f\r miles (f8 ,! same em95t au?ority insi/s on ! necessity ( an obs]v+ w> balloon mak+ %ort asc5ts4 ,! balloon1 9 8 op9ion1 %\ld be all[$ to asc5d rapidly to its full height1 & ) z little delay z possible be haul$ d[n aga94 ,"u ^! conditions x may !n be well wor? te/+ :e!r ! primitive =m ( balloon1 ! ,montgolfi]1 might n be ! mo/ valuable4 ,in/ead ( be+ made1 z ! w> balloon is n[1 ( fragile mat]ial1 & fill$ ) co/ly gas difficult to procure1 & :i* has to be convey$ 9 heavy & cumb]some cyl9d]s1 a hot air balloon c\ld be rapidly c>ri$ by h& any:]e :]e a few m5 c\ld pu% _! way4 ,x is ( /rong mat]ial1 readily m5d$ if torn1 & c\ld be inflat$ = %ort asc5ts1 if n by m]e bru% wood1 !n by a portable bla/ furnace & petroleum4 ,b !re is a fur!r use = balloons 9 w>f>e n yet exploit$4 ,! ,siege ( ,p>is %[$ ! utility ( free balloons1 & occasions arise :5 _! use might be /ill fur!r ext5d$4 ,! writ] po9t$ out t x might h be5 v possible = an a]onaut ( exp]i5ce1 by *oos+ ! "r wea!r & ! "r position along ! ,briti% l9es1 to h skilfully manoeuvr$ a free balloon by means ( upp] curr5ts1 s z to convey all-important intellig5ce to besieg$ ,mafek+1 & he prov$ t x w\ld h suffic$ if ! balloon c\ld h be5 tack$ across ! sky to )9 "s fifte5 miles ( ! desir$ goal4 ,! mode ( signall+ :i* he propos$ 0 by means ( a collaps+ drum1 an in/rum5t ( occasional use 9 ! ,navy4 ,a modification ( ?is in/rum5t1 z employ$ by ! writ]1 consi/$ ( a light1 sph]ical1 drum-%ap$ frame ( l>ge size1 :i*1 :5 cov]$ ) d>k mat]ial & hung 9 ! cle> bel[ ! c> ( a l(ty balloon1 c\ld be well se5 ei!r aga9/ blue sky or grey at a great di/ance4 ,! s-call$ drum c\ld1 by a v simple contrivance1 readily work$ f ! c>1 be made to collapse into a v inconspicu\s object1 & ?us be capable ( display+ ,morse ,code signals4 ,a long pause ) ! drum ext5d$--l ! long wave ( a signall+ flag--w\ld d5ote a da%1 & a %ort pause a dot1 & ^! motions w\ld be at once intelligible to anyone acqua9t$ ) ! n[ univ]sal ,morse ,code sy/em4 ,provid$ ) an app>atus ( ! k9d1 ! writ] made an asc5t f ,newbury at a "t :5 ! milit>y camps 7 ly+ on ,salisbury ,pla9 at a di/ance ( ne>ly tw5ty miles to ! s\?-we/4 ,! gr\nd w9d up to #b1ejj feet on />t+ 0 ne>ly due nor?1 & w\ld h defeat$ ! attempt2 aga91 ! air /ream bl[+ above t height 0 ne>ly due ea/1 :i* aga9 w\ld h prov$ unsuitable4 ,b x 0 manife/ly possible to utilise ! two curr5ts1 & ) good luck to zig-zag "o's c\rse s z to come )9 easy signall+ di/ance ( ! v>i\s camps2 &1 z a matt] ( fact1 we actually pass$ imm$iately ov] ,bul=d ,camp1 ) :i* we ex*ang$ signals1 :ile two o!r camps lay close to "r & left ( u4 ,=tune fav\r+ u1 we _h actually hit our m>k1 ?\gh x w\ld h be5 suffici5t = ! exp]im5t _h our c\rse la9 )9 t5 miles "r or left4 ,yet a fur!r use = ! balloon 9 w>f>e rema9s untri$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,act+ "u ! advice ( exp]ts 9 ! ,s]vice1 ! writ]1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! pres5t ye>1 sugge/$ to ! ,admiralty ! desirability ( exp]im5t+ ) balloons z a means ( detect+ subm>9e eng9es ( w>4 ,x is well kn[n t reefs & %oals c g5]ally be se5 f a cliff or ma/ head f> m cle>ly ?an f ! deck or o!r position ne> ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,w\ld n1 !n1 a balloon1 if skilfully manoeuvr$1 s]ve z a valuable po/ ( obs]vation8 ,! ,admiralty1 9 ackn[l$g+ ! communication1 promis$ to give ! matt] _! att5tion2 b by ! mon? ( ,june ! ,press _h ann\ncem5ts ( h[ ! self-same exp]im5ts _h be5 successfully c>ri$ ?r\gh by ,fr5* au?orities1 :ile a few days lat] ! ,admiralty wrote1 ,= ! pres5t no ne$ is se5 = ! use ( a captive balloon to detect subm>9es4 ,among _m & v>i$ balloon+ incid5ts :i* h occurr$ to ! writ]1 !re are "s :i* may n unpr(itably be comp>$ ) c]ta9 exp]i5ces already record$ ( o!r a]onauts4 ,?und]/orms1 z witness$ f a balloon1 h already be5 casually describ$1 & x may reasonably be hop$ t ! obs]vations :i* h1 "u v>y+ circum/ances1 be5 made at high altitudes may ?r[ "s additional light on ?is famili>1 ?\gh some:at p]plex+1 ph5om5on4 ,to beg9 )1 x seems a moot po9t :e!r a balloon caught 9 a ?und]/orm is1 or is n1 9 any special dang] ( be+ /ruck4 ,x has be5 argu$ t immunity "u su* circum/ances mu/ dep5d ^u :e!r a suffici5tly long "t has elaps$ s9ce ! balloon left ! e>? to all[ ( its becom+ positively electrifi$ by induction f ! cl\ds or by ra9 fall+ ^u its surface4 ,b !re are _m o!r po9ts to be consid]$4 ,!re is ! con/ant escape ( gas f ! m\?2 !re is ! mass ( po9t$ metal 9 ! an*or2 &1 aga91 x is conceivable t a balloon rapidly desc5d+ out ( a ?und]/orm might c>ry ) x a *>ge resid+ on its moi/5$ surface :i* might manife/ itself disa/r\sly z ! balloon rea*$ ! e>?4 ,in/ances seem to h be5 n infrequ5t ( balloons enc\nt]+ ?und]/orms2 b1 un=tunately1 9 mo/ cases ! obs]v]s h n _h any sci5tific tra9+1 or ! acc\nts :i* are to h& are ^? ( ! type ( j\rnali/ :o is *iefly 9 que/ ( s5sational copy4 ,?us !re is an acc\nt f ,am]ica ( a ,pr(essor ,k+ :o made an asc5t f ,burl+ton1 ,i[a1 j z a ?und]/orm 0 approa*+1 ) ! result t1 in/ead ( scudd+ away ) ! w9d be=e ! /orm1 he 0 actually1 z if by "s attraction1 drawn into x4 ,on ?is 8 aim 0 to pi]ce ?r\gh ! cl\d above1 & !n foll[s a description :i* x is h>d to realise3--,!re came d[n 9 front ( him1 & app>5tly n m ?an #ej feet di/ant1 a gr& dis*>ge ( electricity4 ,!n he feels ! c> lift$1 ! gas sudd5ly exp&s to ov]fl[+1 & ! balloon is hurl$ ?r\gh ! cl\d ) inconceivable velocity1 ?is happ5+ sev]al times1 ) trem5d\s oscillations ( ! c>1 until ! balloon is borne to e>? 9 a torr5t ( ra94 ,we fancy t _m practical ballooni/s w h>dly endorse ?is description4 ,b we h ano!r1 relat+ to "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ a]onauts1 ,m4 ,eug5e ,god>d1 :o1 9 an asc5t ) local j\rnali/s1 0 caught 9 a ?und]/orm4 ,"h we are told--presumably by ! j\rnali/s--t twice ! lightn+ fla%$ )9 a few y>ds ( ! t]ror-/rick5 crew4 ,once aga91 9 an asc5t at ,d]by1 a spectator writes3--,! lightn+ play$ ^u ! sph]e ( ! balloon1 light+ x up & mak+ ?+s visible ?r\gh x4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 "o mu/ suppose1 c h>dly apply to ! balloon :5 lib]at$4 ,b a graphic description ( a v diff]5t "* giv5 9 ! ,qu>t]ly ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,meteorological ,society = ,janu>y1 #aija1 is ( real value4 ,x appe>s t ?ree lieut5ants ( ! ,prussian ,balloon ,corps took *>ge ( a balloon t asc5d$ at ,b]l91 &1 :5 at a height ( #b1cjj feet1 became envelop$ 9 ! mi/1 ?r\gh :i* only occasional glimpses ( e>? 7 se54 ,at ?is po9t a %>p1 crackl+ s\nd 0 he>d at ! r+1 l ! sp>k+ ( a huge electrical ma*9e1 &1 look+ up1 ! voyag]s beheld sp>ks app>5tly "s half-in* ?ick1 & ov] two feet 9 l5g?1 play+ f ! r+4 ,?und] 0 he>d1 b--& ?is may h significance--only be=e & aft] ! above ph5om5on4 ,ano!r in/ructive exp]i5ce is record$ ( ! y\ng] ,gre5 9 an asc5t :i* he made f ,frank=t-on-!-,ma9e4 ,on ?is occasion he relates t he enc\nt]$ a ?und]/orm1 & at a height ( #d1djj feet f\nd himself at ! level :]e ! /orm cl\ds 7 dis*>g+ !mselves 9 a deluge4 ,he seems to h _h no difficulty 9 asc5d+ ?r\gh ! /orm into ! cle> sky above1 :]e a breeze f ano!r qu>t] quickly c>ri$ him away f ! /orm c5tre4 ,?is co-exi/5ce1 or conflict ( opposite curr5ts1 is held to be ! common *>act]i/ic1 if n ! ma9 cause1 ( ?und]/orms1 & tallies ) ! foll[+ p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,x 0 9 typical ,july wea!r ( #aijj t ! writ] & 8 son1 accompani$ by ,admiral ,sir ,edmund ,fremantle & ,mr4 ,p]cival ,sp5c]1 made an ev5+ asc5t f ,newbury4 ,x _h be5 a day ( /orms1 b ab\t #e p4m41 aft] :at appe>$ to be a cle>+ %[]1 ! sky bright5$1 & we sail$ up into a cl\dless heav54 ,! w9d1 at #c1jjj feet1 0 travell+ at "s ?irty miles an h\r1 & ere ! di/ance ( t5 miles _h be5 cov]$ a =midable ?und] pack 0 se5 approa*+ & com+ up dead aga9/ ! w9d4 ,no?+ c\ld be m evid5t ?an t ! balloon 0 travell+ rapidly ) a l[] w9d1 :ile ! /orm 0 be+ borne equally rapidly on an upp] & diametrically opposite curr5t4 ,x prov$ "o ( ! mo/ sev]e ?und]/orms rememb]$ 9 ! c\ntry4 ,x brood$ = five h\rs ov] ,devizes1 a few miles ahead4 ,a home/ead on our "r 0 /ruck & burn$ to ! gr\nd1 :ile on our left two soldi]s 7 kill$ on ,salisbury ,pla94 ,! sky imm$iately ov]head 01 ( c\rse1 hidd5 by ! l>ge globe ( ! balloon1 b ar\nd & b5ea? u ! /orm seem$ to ga!r 9 a blue grey mi/1 :i* quickly broad5$ & deep5$ till1 almo/ be=e we c\ld realise x1 we f\nd ourselves 9 ! v he>t ( ! /orm1 ! lightn+ play+ all ar\nd u1 & ! %>p hail /++ our faces4 ,! c\ntrym5 bel[ describ$ ! balloon z app>5tly envelop$ by ! lightn+1 b ) ourselves1 ?\gh ! fla%es 7 incessant1 & on all sides1 ! rev]b]ations ( ! ?und] 7 n rem>kable1 be+ r brief explosions 9 :i* !y resembl$ ! ?und] claps n infrequ5tly describ$ by travell]s on m\nta9 heights4 ,! balloon 0 n[ desc5d+ f a d\ble cause3 ! weight ( moi/ure sudd5ly accumulat$ on its surface1 & ! v obvi\s d[nru% ( cold air t accompani$ ! /orm ( pelt+ hail4 ,) a v limit$ /ore ( balla/1 x seem$ impossible to make a fur!r asc5t1 nor 0 ?is desirable4 ,! signall+ exp]im5ts on :i* we 7 int5t c\ld n be c>ri$ on 9 su* wea!r4 ,! only c\rse 0 to desc5d1 & ?\gh ?is 0 n at once practicable1 ow+ to ,sav]nake ,=e/ be+ b5ea? u1 we effect$ a safe l&+ 9 ! fir/ available cle>+4 ,z has be5 m5tion$1 ,mr4 ,glai%] & o!r obs]v]s h record$ sev]al rem>kable in/ances ( opposite w9d curr5ts be+ met ) at mod]ate altitudes4 ,none1 h[ev]1 c h be5 m notewor?y or surpris+ ?an ! foll[+ exp]i5ce ,( ! writ] on ,:it ,monday ( #ahii4 ,! asc5t 0 "u an ov]ca/ sky1 f ! ,cry/al ,palace at #c p4m41 at :i* h\r a cold drizzle 0 settl+ 9 ) a mod]ate breeze f ! ea/4 ,?us1 />t+ f ! usual fill+ gr\nd ne> ! nor? t[]1 ! balloon sail$ ov] ! body ( ! ,palace1 & !nce ov] ! suburbs t[>ds ! we/ till lo/ 9 ! mi/4 ,we !n asc5d$ ?r\gh #a1ejj feet ( d5se1 wett+ cl\d1 &1 em]g+ 9 bright sun%9e1 cont9u$ to drift = two h\rs at an av]age altitude ( "s #c1jjj feet2 #a1jjj feet bel[ u 0 ! ill-def9$1 ev] *ang+ upp] surface ( ! d5se cl\d floor1 & x 0 no long] possible to det]m9e our c\rse1 :i* we !re=e assum$ to h rema9$ un*ang$4 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 z a measure ( prud5ce1 we det]m9$ to desc5d ?r\gh ! cl\ds suffici5tly to le>n some?+ ( our :]eab\ts1 :i* we reasonably expect$ to be some:]e 9 ,surrey or ,b]ks4 ,on em]g+1 h[ev]1 bel[ ! cl\d1 ! fir/ object t loom$ out ( ! mi/ imm$iately bel[ u 0 a c>go vessel1 9 ! rigg+ ( :i* our trail rope 0 entangl+ itself4 ,only by degrees ! fact dawn$ ^u u t we 7 9 ! e/u>y ( ! ,?ames1 & beat+ up t[>ds ,london once aga9 ) an ca/ w9d4 ,?us x became evid5t t at ! high] level1 unkn[n to ourselves1 we _h be5 head$ back on our c\rse1 = two h\rs1 by a w9d diametrically oppos$ to t bl[+ on ! gr\nd4 ,two rec5t developm5ts ( ! hot-air w> balloon sugge/ great possibilities 9 ! ne> future4 ,"o takes ! =m ( a small captive1 c>ry+ al(t a photographic cam]a direct$ & op]at$ electrically f ! gr\nd4 ,! o!r is a self-conta9$ pass5g] balloon ( l>ge dim5sions1 c>ry+ 9 complete safety a special petroleum burn] ( great p[]4 ,^! new & important dep>tures are ma9ly due to ! me*anical g5ius ( ,mr4 ,j4 ,n4 ,maskelyne1 :o has pat5t$ & p]fect$ !m 9 conjunction ) ! writ]4 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,! ,,con/itution ,,( ,,! ,,air4 ,"s fair idea ( ! conditions prevail+ 9 ! upp] air may h be5 ga!r$ f ! _m & v>i\s obs]vations already record$4 ,/at+ ! case broadly1 we may ass]t t ! same atmosph]ic *anges ) :i* we are famili> at ! level ( ! e>? are to be f\nd also at all accessible heights1 equally ext5sive & equally sudd54 ,/&+ on an op5 hea? on a gu/y day1 we may (t5 note ! rhy?mic buffet+ ( ! w9d1 resembl+ ! assault ( roll+ bill[s ( air4 ,! evid5ce ( ^! bill[s has be5 actually trac$ f> al(t 9 balloon travel1 :5 a]onauts1 look+ d[n on a w9d-swept surface ( cl\d1 h obs]v$ ?is surface to be ?r[n into a s]ies ( rolls ( vap\r1 :i* 7 b va/ & v]itable waves ( air4 ,! int]val betwe5 successive cre/s ( ^! waves has on "o occasion be5 e/imat$ at approximately half a mile4 ,we h se5 h[ ^! air /reams sometimes hold wide & indep5d5t sway at diff]5t levels4 ,we h se51 too1 h[ !y sometimes meet & m+le1 n infrequ5tly att5d$ ) electrical di/urbance ,?r\gh broad drifts ( air m9or air /reams w\ld seem (t5 lit]ally to ?read _! way1 break+ up into filam5ts or w&]+ rills ( air4 ,9 ! voyage across ,salisbury ,pla9 lately describ$1 :ile ! balloon 0 be+ c>ri$ ) ! m sluggi% curr5t1 a numb] ( small p>a*utes 7 dropp$ out at frequ5t int]vals & c>efully wat*$4 ,^! w\ld commonly att5d ! balloon = a little :ile1 until1 gett+ into "s m9or air /ream1 !y w\ld sudd5ly & rapidly div]ge at su* wide angles z to sugge/ t cross+ our actual c\rse !re 7 side pa?s1 d[n :i* ! small] bodies became waft$4 ,on ano!r occasion ! writ] met ) /rongly m>k$ & altoge!r exceptional evid5ce ( ! vehem5ce & p]si/5ce ( ^! m9or a]ial /reamlets4 ,x 0 on an occasion 9 ,april wea!r1 :5 a heavy ov]ca/ sky blott$ out ! upp] heav5s4 ,9 ! cl\d levels ! w9d 0 some:at sluggi%1 & = an h\r we travell$ at an av]age spe$ ( a little ov] tw5ty miles an h\r1 nev] high] ?an #c1jjj feet4 ,at ?is po9t1 :ile fly+ ov] ,h]t=d%ire1 we ?rew out suffici5t balla/ to cause ! balloon to rise cle> ( ! hazy l[] air1 & com+ "u ! full influ5ce ( ! sun1 !n 9 ! m]idian1 we %ot upw>ds at consid]able spe$1 & soon atta9$ an altitude ( ?ree miles4 ,b = a consid]able portion ( ?is climb--:ile1 9 fact1 we 7 asc5d+ ?r\gh little less ?an a mile ( our upw>d c\rse--we 7 assail$ by impetu\s cross curr5ts1 :i* :i/l$ ?r\gh c> & rigg+ & smote u fairly on ! *eek4 ,x 0 altoge!r a novel exp]i5ce1 & ! m rem>kable f ! fact t our ma9 onw>d c\rse 0 n appreciably div]t$4 ,!n we got above ^! curr5ts1 & rema9$ at our maximum level1 :ile we float$1 /ill at only a mod]ate spe$1 ! l5g? ( a c\nty4 ,! desc5t !n began1 & once aga91 :ile we dropp$ ?r\gh ! same di/urb$ region1 ! same f>-rea*+ & obtrusive cross-curr5t assail$ u4 ,x 0 q obvi\s t ! vehem5t curr5ts 7 too sl5d] to tell l>gely ^u ! huge surface ( ! balloon1 z x 0 be+ swept /eadily onw>ds by ! ma9 w9d1 :i* nev] v>i$ 9 direction f gr\nd levels up to ! greate/ height atta9$4 ,?is exp]i5ce is b confirmation ( ! /ory ( ! w9d told by ! w9d gauges on ! ,=? ,bridge4 ,"h ! maximum pressure measur$ on ! l>ge gauge ( #cjj squ>e feet is commonly consid]ably less ?an t on ! small] gauge1 sugge/+ t ! latt] mu/ be due to ?reads ( air ( limit$ area & high velocity4 ,fur!r & v valuable light is ?r[n on ! peculi> ways ( ! w9d1 n[ be+ consid]$1 by ,pr(essor ,langley 9 ! special rese>*es ( 8 to :i* ref]5ce has already be5 made4 ,?is em95t obs]v] & ma!matician1 suspect+ t ! old-fa%ion$ in/rum5ts1 :i* only told :at ! w9d _h be5 do+ e h\r1 or at be/ e m9ute1 gave b a mo/ imp]fect record1 con/ruct$ delicate gauges1 :i* w\ld respond to e impulse & give read+s f second to second4 ,9 ?is way he e/abli%$ ! fact t ! w9d1 f> f be+ a body ( ev5 approximate uni=mity1 is "u mo/ ord9>y conditions irregul> almo/ beyond conception4 ,fur!r1 t ! great] ! spe$ ! great] ! fluctuations1 s t a high w9d has to be reg>d$ z air mov+ 9 a tumultu\s mass1 ! velocity at "o mom5t p]haps =ty miles an h\r1 !n dim9i%+ to an almo/ in/antane\s calm1 & !n resum+4 ,9 fact1 9 ! v nature ( ! case1 w9d is n ! result ( "o simple cause1 b ( an inf9ite numb] ( impulses & *anges1 p]haps long pass$1 :i* are pres]v$ 9 x1 & :i* die only sl[ly away4 ,:5 we come to take obs]vations ( temp]ature we f9d ! conditions 9 ! atmosph]e above u to be at fir/ sight n a little complex1 & altoge!r diff]5t 9 day & night h\rs4 ,f obs]vations already record$ 9 ?is volume--notably ^? ( ,gay ,lussac1 ,wel%1 & ,glai%]--x has be5 made to appe> t1 9 asc5d+ into ! sky 9 daytime1 ! temp]ature usually falls accord+ to a g5]al law2 b !re are f\nd regions :]e ! fall ( temp]ature becomes arre/$1 su* regions be+ commonly1 ?\gh by no means inv>iably1 associat$ ) visible cl\d4 ,x is probable1 h[ev]1 t x w\ld be m correct n to int]pret ! pres5ce ( cl\d z caus+ manife/ation ( cold1 b r to reg>d ! meet+ ( w>m & cold curr5ts z ! cause ( cl\d4 ,! writ] has exp]im5t$ 9 ! upp] regions ) a special =m ( air !rmomet] ( great s5sibility1 design$ to respond rapidly to slight v>iations ( temp]ature4 ,te/+ ?is in/rum5t on "o occasion 9 a room ( equable w>m?1 & )\t draughts1 he 0 puzzl$ by see+ ! index 9 a capill>y tube sudd5ly m\nt+ rapidly1 due to "s cause :i* 0 n app>5t1 till x 0 notic$ t ! p>l\r cat1 attract$ by ! proce$+s1 _h approa*$ ne> ! app>atus4 ,! behavi\r ( ?is in/rum5t :5 slung 9 ! cle> "s di/ance ov] ! side ( ! balloon c>1 & c>efully wat*$1 sugge/s by its fitful1 sudd51 & rapid *anges t w>m] curr5ts are (t5 mak+ _! way 9 su* sl5d] w&]+ rills z h be5 already pictur$ z p]meat+ ! broad] air /reams4 ,dur+ night h\rs conditions are rev]s$4 ,! w>m] air radiat$ (f ! e>? ?r\gh ! day has !n asc5d$4 ,x w be f\nd at diff]5t heights1 ly+ 9 pools or /rata1 possibly resembl+ 9 =m1 c\ld !y be se51 masses ( visible cl\d4 ,! writ] has ga!r$ f night voyages in/ructive & sugge/ive facts ) ref]5ce to ! asc5t ( air /reams1 due to diff]5ces ( temp]ature1 p>ticul>ly ov] ,london & ! suburbs1 & x is conceivable t 9 su* asc5d+ /reams may lie a means ( deal+ successfully ) visitations ( smoke & fog4 ,"o lesson taught by balloon travel has be5 t fog or haze w come or g 9 ob$i5ce to temp]ature v>iations at l[ levels4 ,?us ?ick haze has la9 ov] ,london1 m p>ticul>ly ov] ! l[] p>ts1 at sund[n4 ,!n ?r\gh night h\rs1 z ! temp]ature ( ! l[] air has become equalis$1 ! haze has completely disappe>$1 b only to reass]t itself at dawn4 ,a description ( ! v impressive exp]i5ce ( a night sail ov] ,london has be5 res]v$1 b %\ld n be altoge!r omitt$4 ,glai%]1 writ+ ( ! spectacle z he obs]v$ x ne>ly =ty ye>s ago1 describes ,london se5 at night f a balloon at a di/ance z resembl+ a va/ conflagration4 ,:5 actually ov] ! t[n1 a ma9 ?or\ghf>e l ! ,comm]cial ,road %one up l a l9e ( brilliant fire2 b1 travell+ we/w>d1 ,ox=d ,/reet pres5t$ an appe>ance :i* puzzl$ him4 ,"h ! two ?ickly /udd$ r[s ( brilliant lights 7 se5 on ei!r side ( ! /reet1 ) a n>r[1 d>k space betwe51 & ?is d>k space 0 b\nd$1 z x 71 on bo? sides by a bright fr+e l fro/$ silv]4 ,pres5tly he discov]$ t ?is ri* effect 0 caus$ by ! bright illum9ation ( ! %op lights on ! pavem5ts4 ,london1 z se5 f a balloon on a cle> moonlight night 9 ,augu/ a ye> ago 7#aija71 wore a some:at alt]$ appe>ance4 ,!re 7 ! fairy lamps trac+ out ! /reets1 :i*1 ?\gh d>k c5tr$1 wore _! silv] l9+2 b 9 irregul> pat*es a :it] light f electric arc lamps broad5$ & bright5$ & %one out l "s pyrote*nic display above ! black h\setops4 ,?r\gh ! va/ t[n ran a blank1 black *annel1 ! riv]1 w9d+ on into di/ance1 cross$ "h & !re by bridges %[+ z bright b&s1 & ) bright spots occasionally to m>k :]e lay ! riv] craft4 ,b :at 0 mo/ /rik+ 0 ! sil5ce4 ,?\gh ! noise ( ,london traffic z he>d f a balloon has dim9i%$ ( late ye>s ow+ to ! bett] pav+1 yet 9 day h\rs ! ro> ( ! /reets is he>d up to a great height z a h>d1 h>%1 gr9d+ d94 ,b at night1 aft] ! la/ 'bus has ceas$ to ply1 & be=e ! m>ket c>ts beg9 lumb]+ 91 ! ballooni/1 z he sails ov] ! t[n1 might imag9e t he 0 trav]s+ a ,city ( ! ,dead4 ,x is at su* times t a %\t ?r\gh a speak+ trumpet has a mo/ />tl+ effect1 & m p>ticul>ly a bla/ on a horn4 ,9 ?is case aft] an int]val ( "s seconds a wild note w be flung back f ! h\se-tops bel[1 answ]$ & re-answ]$ on all sides z x e*oes f ro( to ro(--a wild1 weird upro> t awakes sudd5ly1 & !n dies out sl[ly f> away4 ,exp]im5ts ) e*oes f a balloon h prov$ in/ructive4 ,if1 :5 rid+ at a height1 say1 ( #b1jjj feet1 a *>ge ( gun-cotton be fir$ electrically #ajj feet bel[ ! c>1 ! report1 ?\gh really z l\d z a cannon1 s\nds no m ?an a m]e pi/ol %ot1 possibly p>tly ow+ to ! great] r>ity ( ! air1 b *iefly because ! s\nd1 hav+ no backgr\nd to reflect x1 simply sp5ds itself 9 ! air4 ,!n1 always & "u all conditions ( atmosph]e soev]1 !re ensues absolute sil5ce until ! "t = ! e*o back f e>? has fully elaps$1 :5 a deaf5+ outbur/ ( ?und] rises f bel[1 roll+ on (t5 = m ?an half a m9ute4 ,two notewor?y facts1 at lea/1 ! writ] has e/abli%$ f a v l>ge numb] ( trials3 fir/1 t ! !ory ( a]ial e*oes ?r[n back f empty space1 :i* physici/s h held to exi/ con/antly1 & to be "p ( ! cause ( ?und]1 w h to be ab&on$2 &1 secondly1 t f "s cause yet to be fully expla9$ ! e*o back f ! e>? is always beh9d its "t4 ,b balloons h reveal$ fur!r sugge/ive facts ) reg>d to s\nd1 & m p>ticul>ly ) reg>d to ! v>y+ ac\/ic prop]ties ( ! air4 ,x is a famili> exp]i5ce h[ di/ant s\nds w come & g1 ris+ & fall+1 (t5 be+ waft$ ov] extraord9>y di/ances1 & aga9 fail+ altoge!r1 or sometimes be+ lo/ at ne> range1 b appe>+ 9 /r5g? fur!r away4 ,a free balloon1 mov+ 9 ! pr(\nd sil5ce ( ! upp] air1 becomes an admirable s\nd obs]vatory4 ,x may be cle>ly detect$ t 9 c]ta9 conditions ( atmosph]e1 at lea/1 !re are :at may be conceiv$ to be a]ial s\nd *annels1 ?r\gh :i* s\nds are mom5t>ily convey$ ) abnormal int5sity4 ,?is ph5om5on does b s]ve to give an intelligible pres5tm5t ( ! unse5 conditions exi/+ 9 ! realm ( air4 ,x w\ld be reasonable to suppose t 7 an eye s con/itut$ z to be able to see1 say1 cumulus masses ( w>m] air1 /rata mottl$ ) traces ( o!r gases1 & b$s ( invisible matt] 9 susp5sion1 "o might suppose t :at we deem ! cle>e/ sky w\ld !n appe> fleck$ ) =ms z _m & v>i\s z ! cl\ds t adorn our summ] heav5s4 ,b !re is matt] 9 susp5sion 9 ! atmosph]e :i* is v f> f invisible1 & :i* 9 ! case ( l>ge t[ns is v commonly ly+ 9 ?ick /rata ov]head1 /opp+ back ! sunlight1 & =m+ ! nucleus r\nd :i* noisome fogs may =m4 ,exp]im5t+ ) suitable app>atus1 ! writ] has f\nd on a /ill aft]noon 9 ,may1 at #b1jjj feet above ,k+/on 9 ,surrey1 t ! air 0 *>g$ f> m heavily ) du/ ?an t ( ! ,london /reets ! next day2 &1 aga91 at half a mile above ! city 9 ! mon? ( ,augu/ la/ du/1 mu* ( x be+ ( a gross & ev5 fibr\s nature1 0 f> m abundant ?an on grass enclosures 9 ! t[n dur+ ! =5oon ( ! day foll[+4 ,an attempt has be5 made to include ,engl& 9 a s]ies ( int]national balloon asc5ts arrang$ expressly = ! purpose ( tak+ simultane\s obs]vations at a l>ge numb] ( /ations ov] ,europe1 by :i* means x is hop$ t mu* fre% k w be =?com+ ) respect to ! con/itution ( ! atmosph]e up to ! highe/ levels accessible by balloons mann$ & unmann$4 ,x is v mu* to be regrett$ t 9 ! case ( ,engl& ! attempt "h spok5 ( has re/$ entirely on private ent]prise4 ,fir/ & =emo/ 9 p]sonal lib]ality & ! "w ( organisation mu/ be m5tion$ ,mr4 ,p4 ,y4 ,alex&]1 ^: zeal 9 ! progress ( a]onautics is second to none 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,twice ?r\gh 8 ef=ts ,engl& has be5 repres5t$ 9 ! important "w = :i* ,cont95tal nations h no difficulty 9 obta9+ public grants4 ,! fir/ occasion 0 on ,novemb] #h?1 #aijj1 :5 ! writ] 0 privileg$ to occupy a seat 9 ! balloon furni%$ by ,mr4 ,alex&]1 & equipp$ ) ! mo/ mod]n type ( in/rum5ts4 ,x 0 a /ormy & fa/ voyage f ! ,cry/al ,palace to ,hal/ead1 9 ,essex1 #dh miles 9 #dj m9utes4 ,simultane\sly ) ?is1 ,mr4 ,alex&] dismiss$ an unmann$ balloon f ,ba?1 :i* asc5d$ #h1jjj feet1 & l&$ at ,cricklade4 ,o!r balloons :i* took "p 9 ! comb9$ exp]im5t 7 two f ,p>is1 ?ree f ,*alais ,meudon1 ?ree f ,/rasburg1 two f ,vi5na1 two f ,b]l91 & two f ,/4 ,pet]sburg4 ,! section ( our c\ntrym5 specially int]e/$ 9 a]onautics--a gr[+ community--is repres5t$ by ! ,a]onautical ,society1 =m$ 9 #ahfe1 ) ! ,duke ( ,argyll = presid5t1 & = ?irty ye>s "u ! mo/ en]getic managem5t ( ,mr4 ,f4 ,w4 ,bre>ey1 succe$+ :om z hon4 secs4 h be5 ,major ,bad5-,p[ell & ,mr4 ,eric ,s4 ,bruce4 ,mr4 ,bre>ey 0 "o ( ! mo/ successful inv5tors ( fly+ models4 ,mr4 ,*anute1 speak+ z ,presid5t ( ! ,am]ican ,society ( ,civil ,eng9e]s1 paid him a high & well-des]v$ complim5t 9 say+ t x 0 ?r\gh 8 influ5ce t a]ial navigation _h be5 cle>$ ( mu* rubbi% & plac$ ^u a sci5tific & firm basis4 ,ano!r community devot+ itself to ! pursuit ( balloon trips & matt]s a]onautical g5]ally is ! newly-=m$ ,a]o ,club1 ( :om "o ( ! mo/ prom95t & en]getic memb]s is ! ,hon4 ,c4 ,s4 ,rolls4 ,x _h be5 ann\nc$ t ,m4 ,santos-,dumont w\ld br+ an air %ip to ,engl&1 & dur+ ! summ] ( ! pres5t ye> w\ld give exhibitions ( its capability4 ,x 0 ev5 rum\r$ t he might circle r\nd ,/4 ,paul's & accompli% o!r a]ial feats unkn[n 9 ,engl&4 ,! promise 0 fulfill$ s f> z br++ ! air %ip to ,engl& 0 conc]n$1 = "o ( 8 vessels :i* _h se5 s]vice 0 deposit$ at ! ,cry/al ,palace4 ,9 "s my/]i\s mann]1 h[ev]1 nev] suffici5tly made cle> to ! public1 ?is ma*9e 0 "o morn+ f\nd damag$1 & ,m4 ,santos-,dumont has )drawn f 8 propos$ engagem5ts4 ,9 ?us do+ he left ! field op5 to "o ( our own c\ntrym51 :o1 9 8 fir/ attempt at flight ) an air %ip ( 8 own inv5tion & con/ruction1 has prov$ himself no unwor?y rival ( ! weal?y "y ,brazilian4 ,mr4 ,/anley ,sp5c]1 9 a v brief space ( "t1 design$ & built completely 9 ! work%ops ( ! firm an elongat$ motor balloon1 #ge feet long by #bj feet diamet]1 work$ by a screw & petrol motor4 ,?is motor is plac$ 9 ! pr[1 #be feet away f1 & 9 front (1 ! safety valve1 by :i* precaution any dang] ( ignit+ ! escap+ gas is avoid$4 ,%\ld1 h[ev]1 a collapse ( ! ma*9e arise f any cause1 !re is an arrangem5t = ?r[+ ! balloon into ! =m ( a p>a*ute4 ,fur!r1 !re is provid$ means = admitt+ air at w into ! balloon1 by :i* ! necessity = mu* balla/ is obviat$4 ,mr4 ,sp5c] hav+ fill$ ! balloon ) pure hydrog51 made 8 fir/ trial ) ?is ma*9e late 9 an ev5+ at ! end ( ,june4 ,! p]=mance ( ! vessel is ?us describ$ 9 ! ,we/m9/] ,gazette3--,! huge balloon fill$ sl[ly1 s t ! light 0 rapidly fail+ :5 at la/ ! doors ( ! big %$ slid op5 & ! %ip 0 br\ght c>efully out1 h] motor />t$1 & h] maid5 voyage comm5c$4 ,) ,mr4 ,/anley ,sp5c] 9 ! c>1 %e sail$ gracefully d[n ! football field1 :eel$ r\nd 9 a circle--a small circle1 too--& = p]haps a qu>t] ( an h\r sail$ a tortu\s c\rse ov] ! heads ( a small b en?usia/ic cr[d ( spectators4 ,! %ip 0 h&icapp$ to "s ext5t by ! fact t 9 _! anxiety to make ! trial ! a]onauts _h n wait$ to inflate x fully1 b /ill x did its "w well1 answ]$ its helm readily1 %[$ no signs ( roll+1 &1 9 %ort1 appe>$ to give entire satisfaction to ev]ybody conc]n$--s mu* s1 inde$1 t ,mr4 ,/anley ,sp5c] in=m$ ! cr[d aft] ! asc5t t he 0 q ready to take up any *all5ge t ,m4 ,santos ,dumont might ?r[ d[n4 ,)9 a few weeks ( ?is 8 fir/ success ,mr4 ,sp5c] 0 able to prove to ! _w t he _h only claim$ = 8 ma*9e :at its p[]s fully ju/ifi$4 ,on a /ill ,septemb] aft]noon1 asc5d+ alone1 he /e]$ 8 a]ial %ip 9 an easy & graceful flight ov] ,london1 f ! ,cry/al ,palace to ,h>r[4 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,conclusion4 ,! future developm5t ( a]o/ation is necess>ily difficult to =eca/4 ,hav+ review$ its hi/ory f its inception we h to all[ t ! balloon 9 itself1 z an in/rum5t ( a]ial locomotion1 rema9s practically only :]e x 0 #abj ye>s ago4 ,nor1 9 ! nature ( ! case1 is ?is to be wond]$ at4 ,! w9d1 :i* alone guides ! balloon1 is beyond man's control1 :ile1 z a s\rce ( lift+ p[]1 a light] & !re=e m suitable gas ?an hydrog5 is n to be f\nd 9 nature4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 conceivable t a sup]ior mode ( inflation may yet be discov]$4 ,n[ t ! liquefaction ( gases has become an accompli%$ fact1 x seems almo/ !oretically possible t a ballooni/ may pres5tly be able to provide himself ) an unlimit$ res]ve ( pot5tial en]gy s z to be fitt$ = travel ( indef9ite duration4 ,end[$ ) increas$ p[]s ( ?is nature1 ! a]onaut c\ld utilise a balloon = voyages ( discov]y ov] regions ( ! e>? :i* b> man's progress by any o!r mode ( travel4 ,a future ,&ree1 provid$ ) a means ( ma9ta9+ 8 gas supply = six weeks1 ne$ h no hesitation 9 lay+ 8 c\rse t[>ds ! ,nor? ,pole1 be+ confid5t t ! w9ds mu/ ultimately waft him to "s safe hav54 ,he c\ld1 inde$1 well af=d1 hav+ rea*$ ! ,pole1 to desc5d & build 8 cairn1 or ev5 to /op a week1 if he s desir$1 be=e cont9u+ on 8 way4 ,b x may fairly be claim$ = ! balloon1 ev5 z x n[ is1 t a great & important future is op5 to x z a means = explor+ inaccessible c\ntry4 ,x may1 inde$1 be urg$ t ,&ree's task 01 9 ! v nature ( ! case1 well nigh impracticable1 & 8 un=tunate misc>riage w be us$ z argum5t aga9/ su* a me?od ( exploration4 ,b x mu/ always be rememb]$ t 9 ,&ree's case ! rig\rs ( climate :i* he 0 compell$ to face 7 ! mo/ s]i\s ( all ob/acles to balloon travel4 ,! extreme cold w\ld n only cause con/ant %r9kage ( ! gas1 b w\ld entail ! deposition ( a weight ( moi/ure1 if n ( sn[1 ^u ! surface ( ! balloon1 :i* mu/ greatly %ort5 its life4 ,x w\ld be entirely o!rwise if ! c\ntry x 7 s\ght to explore 7 9 l[] latitudes1 9 ,au/ralia1 or )9 ! va/ unkn[n belt ( e>? ly+ ne>] ! equator4 ,! writ]'s s*eme = explor+ ! :olly unkn[n regions ( ,arabia is already be=e ! public4 ,! fact1 ?\ght to be e/abli%$ by ! mo/ exp]i5c$ a]onauts ( old times1 & already ref]r$ to 9 ^! pages1 t at "s height a /rong we/ w9d is to be f\nd bl[+ ) great con/ancy all r\nd ! globe1 is 9 accordance ) ! view ent]ta9$ by mod]n meteorologi/s4 ,su* a w9d1 too1 may be expect$ to be a fairly fa/ w9d1 ! calculation be+ t1 z a g5]al rule1 ! velocity ( curr5ts increases f ! gr\nd at ! rate ( ab\t ?ree miles p] h\r = ea* ?\s& feet ( height2 ?us ! *ance ( a balloon drift+ spe$ily across ! bread? ( ,arabia is a /rong "o1 &1 reg>d$ 9 ?is light1 ! di/ance to be trav]s$ is c]ta9ly n excessive1 be+ probably well )9 ! la/+ p[] ( su* a balloon z t employ$ by ,&ree4 ,if1 = ! sake ( gas supply1 ,ad5 7 *os5 = ! />t+ gr\nd1 !n #a1bjj miles ,e4,n4,e4 w\ld c>ry ! voyag] to ,muscat2 #a1ajj miles ,n4,e4 by ,e4 w\ld l& him at ,soh>2 :ile "s #hjj miles w\ld suffice to take him to ! seabo>d if 8 c\rse lay ,n4,e4 ,x mu/ also be borne 9 m9d t ! ,arabian sun by day1 & ! heat radiat$ (f ! des]t by night1 w\ld be all 9 fav\r ( ! buoyancy ( ! balloon4 ,b !re are o!r p]si/5t w9ds t1 = purposes ( exploration1 w\ld prove equally s]viceable & sure4 ,f "t immemorial ! dwell] on ! ,nile has be5 l$ to reg>d 8 riv] 9 ! light ( a b5ignant deity4 ,if he wi%$ to travel d[n its c\rse he _h b to entru/ 8 vessel to ! /ream1 & ?is w\ld c>ry him4 ,if1 aga91 he wi%$ to retrace 8 c\rse1 he _h b to raise a sail1 & ! preval5t w9d1 conqu]+ ! flood1 w\ld be> him aga9/ ! /ream4 ,?is con/ant nor? w9d1 foll[+ ! ,nile valley1 & !nce tr5d+ /ill s\?w>d t[>ds ,ug&a1 has be5 reg>d$ z a means to h& well adapt$ = ! exploration ( important unsurvey$ c\ntry by balloon4 ,?is s*eme has be5 conceiv$ & elaborat$ by ,major ,b4,f4,s4 ,bad5-,p[ell1 &1 s f>1 ! only app>5t ob/acle 9 ! way has prov$ ! lack ( necess>y funds4 ,x w be urg$1 h[ev]1 t = purposes ( exploration "s =m ( dirigible balloon is desirable1 & we h already _h pro( t :]e x is n s\ght to combat w9ds /rongly oppos$ to _! c\rse su* air %ips z ,santos-,dumont or ,messrs4 ,sp5c] h already con/ruct$ acquit !mselves well2 & x requires no /ret* ( imag9ation to conceive t be=e ! pres5t c5tury is clos$ _m great gaps 9 ! map ( ! _w w h be5 fill$ 9 by a]ial survey4 ,b1 leav+ ! balloon to its prop] function1 we turn to ! fly+ ma*9e prop]ly s call$ ) m sangu9e hopes ( see+ ! real conque/ ( ! air a*iev$4 ,x 0 z x 7 b ye/]day :5 ! air %ip1 unhamp]$ by huge globes ( gas1 & controll$ by me*anical means alone1 0 fir/ fairly tri$1 yet x is already consid]$ by ^? be/ able to judge t its ultimate success is assur$4 ,?is success re/s n[ solely 9 ! h&s ( ! me*anical eng9e]4 ,he mu/1 & surely c1 build ! %ip ( su* /r5g? t "s ess5tial "p does n at ! critical mom5t break d[n or c>ry away4 ,he may h to improve 8 motive p[]1 & "h1 aga91 we d n d\bt 8 cunn+4 ,motor eng9es1 self-conta9$ & burn+ liquid fuel1 are yet 9 _! infancy1 & ! extraord9>y emulation n[ exi/+ 9 _! production puts x beyond d\bt t e ye> w see rapid improvem5t 9 _! effici5cy4 ,we d n expect1 nor d we desire1 t ! _w may see ! fulfilm5t ( ! poet's dream1 ,argosies ( magic sails or ,airy navies grappl+ 9 ! c5tral blue4 ,we w\ld n befog our vision ( ! future ) any wild imag9+s1 seek+1 z "s h done1 to see 9 ! electricity or o!r hidd5 p[] ( heav5 ! means = its subjugation by man2 b x is f> f unreasonable to hope t b a little :ile %all pass1 & we %all h m p]fect & reliable k ( ! tides & curr5ts 9 ! va/ ocean ( air1 & :5 t day may h come !n x may be claim$ t ! gr& problem ( a]ial navigation w be already solv$4