,this e,book was produced by ,david     
,widger  from etext #aeha prepared by   
,dennis ,mc,carthy1 ,atlanta1 ,georgia  
and ,tad ,book1 student1 ,pontifical    
,north ,american ,college1 ,rome4       
,,the ,,holy ,,bible                    
,translated from the ,latin ,vulgate    
,diligently ,compared with the ,hebrew1 
,greek1  and ,other ,editions in ,divers
 ,languages      ,,the ,,old ,,testament
  ,first ,published by the ,english     
,college at ,douay  ,a4,d4 #afji  #afaj 
and    ,,the ,,new ,,testament  ,first  
,published by the ,english ,college at  
,rheims  ,a4,d4 #aehb      ,with        
,annotations      ,the ,whole ,revised  
and ,diligently ,compared with  the     
,latin ,vulgate by ,bishop ,richard     
,challoner  ,a4,d4 #agdi-ageb           
,,the ,,catholic ,,epistle ,,of ,,st4   
,,james ,,the ,,apostle    ,this        
,epistle is called ,catholic or         
,universal1 as formerly were also the   
two ,epistles of ,st4 ,peter1 the first 
of ,st4 ,john and that of ,st4 ,jude1   

because they were not written to any    
peculiar people or particular  person1  
but to the faithful in general4 ,it was 
written by the apostle  ,st4 ,james1    
called the ,less1 who was also called   
the brother of our ,lord1  being his    
kinsman 7for cousins german with the    
,hebrews were called  brothers74 ,he was
 the first ,bishop of ,jerusalem4 ,in   
this ,epistle are set  forth many       
precepts appertaining to faith and      
morals2 particularly1 that  faith       
without good works will not save a man  
and that true wisdom is  given only from
 above4 ,in the fifth chapter he        
publishes the sacrament  of anointing   
the sick4 ,it was written a short time  
before his martyrdom1  about            
twenty-eight years after our ,lord's    
,ascension4      ,james ,chapter #a     
,the benefit of tribulations4 ,prayer   
with faith4 ,god is the author of all   
good1 but not of evil4 ,we must be slow 
to anger and not hearers only1  but     
doers of the word4 ,of bridling the     

tongue and of pure religion4    #a3a4   
,james1 the servant of ,god and of our  
,lord ,jesus ,christ1 to the  twelve    
tribes which are scattered abroad1      
greeting4    #a3b4 ,my brethren1 count  
it all joy1 when you shall fall into    
divers  temptations3    ,into divers    
temptations444 ,the word temptation1 in 
this epistle1 is  sometimes taken for   
trials by afflictions or persecutions1  
as in this  place3 at other times1 it is
 to be understood1 tempting1 enticing1  
or  drawing others into sin4    #a3c4   
,knowing that the trying of your faith  
worketh patience    #a3d4 ,and patience 
hath a perfect work3 that you may be    
perfect and  entire1 failing in nothing4
    #a3e4 ,but if any of you want       
wisdom1 let him ask of ,god who giveth  
to all  men abundantly and upbraideth   
not4 ,and it shall be given him4        
#a3f4 ,but let him ask in faith1 nothing
 wavering4 ,for he that wavereth is     
like a wave of the sea1 which is moved  
and carried about by the wind4    #a3g4 

,therefore let not that man think that  
he shall receive any thing of  the      
,lord4    #a3h4 ,a double minded man is 
inconstant in all his ways4    #a3i4    
,but let the brother of low condition   
glory in his exaltation3    #a3aj4 ,and 
the rich1 in his being low3 because as  
the flower of the grass  shall he pass  
away4    #a3aa4 ,for the sun rose with a
 burning heat and parched the grass3 and
  the flower thereof fell off1 and the  
beauty of the shape thereof  perished4  
,so also shall the rich man fade away in
 his ways4    #a3ab4 ,blessed is the man
 that endureth temptation3 for1 when he 
hath  been proved1 he shall receive the 
crown of life which ,god hath promised  
to them that love him4    #a3ac4 ,let no
 man1 when he is tempted1 say that he is
 tempted by ,god4 ,for  ,god is not a   
tempter of evils3 and he tempteth no    
man4    #a3ad4 ,but every man is tempted
 by his own concupiscence1 being drawn  
away and allured4    #a3ae4 ,then1 when 
concupiscence hath conceived1 it        

bringeth forth sin4  ,but sin1 when it  
is completed1 begetteth death4    #a3af4
 ,do not err1 therefore1 my dearest     
brethren4    #a3ag4 ,every best gift and
 every perfect gift is from above1      
coming down  from the ,father of lights1
 with whom there is no change nor shadow
 of  alteration4    #a3ah4 ,for of his  
own will hath he begotten us by the word
 of truth1 that  we might be some       
beginning of his creature4    ,some     
beginning444 ,that is1 a kind of first  
fruits of his creatures4    #a3ai4 ,you 
know1 my dearest brethren4 ,and let     
every man be swift to hear1  but slow to
 speak and slow to anger4    #a3bj4 ,for
 the anger of man worketh not the       
justice of ,god4    #a3ba4 ,wherefore1  
casting away all uncleanness and        
abundance of  naughtiness1 with meekness
 receive the ingrafted word1 which is   
able to  save your souls4    #a3bb4 ,but
 be ye doers of the word and not hearers
 only1 deceiving your  own selves4      
#a3bc4 ,for if a man be a hearer of the 

word and not a doer1 he shall be        
compared to a man beholding his own     
countenance in a glass4    #a3bd4 ,for  
he beheld himself and went his way and  
presently forgot what  manner of man he 
was4    #a3be4 ,but he that hath looked 
into the perfect law of liberty and hath
  continued therein1 not becoming a     
forgetful hearer but a doer of the      
work3 this man shall be blessed in his  
deed4    #a3bf4 ,and if any man think   
himself to be religious1 not bridling   
his  tongue but deceiving his own heart1
 this man's religion is vain4    #a3bg4 
,religion clean and undefiled before    
,god and the ,father is this3 to  visit 
the fatherless and widows in their      
tribulation and to keep one's  self     
unspotted from this world4    ,james    
,chapter #b    ,against respect of      
persons4 ,the danger of transgressing   
one point of the  law4 ,faith is dead   
without works4    #b3a4 ,my brethren1   
have not the faith of our ,lord ,jesus  
,christ of glory1  with respect of      

persons4    ,with respect of persons444 
,the meaning is1 that in matters        
relating to  faith1 the administering of
 the sacraments1 and other spiritual    
functions in ,god's church1 there should
 be no respect of persons2 but  that the
 souls of the poor should be as much    
regarded as those of the  rich4 ,see    
,deut4 #a4ag4    #b3b4 ,for if there    
shall come into your assembly a man     
having a golden  ring1 in fine apparel2 
and there shall come in also a poor man 
in mean  attire3    #b3c4 ,and you have 
respect to him that is clothed with the 
fine apparel  and shall say to him3 ,sit
 thou here well3 but say to the poor    
man3 ,stand  thou there1 or3 ,sit under 
my footstool3    #b3d4 ,do you not judge
 within yourselves1 and are become      
judges of unjust  thoughts8    #b3e4    
,hearken1 my dearest brethren3 ,hath not
 ,god chosen the poor in this  world1   
rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom  
which ,god hath promised to  them that  
love him8    #b3f4 ,but you have        

dishonoured the poor man4 ,do not the   
rich oppress you  by might8 ,and do not 
they draw you before the judgment seats8
    #b3g4 ,do not they blaspheme the    
good name that is invoked upon you8     
#b3h4 ,if then you fulfil the royal law1
 according to the scriptures3 ,thou     
shalt love thy neighbour as thyself2 you
 do well4    #b3i4 ,but if you have     
respect to persons1 you commit sin1     
being reproved  by the law as           
transgressors4    #b3aj4 ,and whosoever 
shall keep the whole law1 but offend in 
one point1  is become guilty of all4    
,guilty of all444 ,that is1 he becomes a
 transgressor of the law in such a      
manner1 that the observing of all other 
points will not avail him to  salvation2
 for he despises the lawgiver1 and      
breaks through the great  and general   
commandment of charity1 even by one     
mortal sin4 ,for all the  precepts of   
the law are to be considered as one     
total and entire law1  and as it were a 
chain of precepts1 where1 by breaking   

one link of this  chain1 the whole chain
 is broken1 or the integrity of the law 
consisting  of a collection of precepts4
 ,a sinner1 therefore1 by a grievous    
offence  against any one precept1 incurs
 eternal punishment2 yet the punishment 
in hell shall be greater for those who  
have been greater sinners1 as a  greater
 reward shall be for those in heaven who
 have lived with greater  sanctity and  
perfection4    #b3aa4 ,for he that said3
 ,thou shalt not commit adultery1 said  
also3 ,thou  shalt not kill4 ,now if    
thou do not commit adultery1 but shalt  
kill1 thou  art become a transgressor of
 the law4    #b3ab4 ,so speak ye and so 
do1 as being to be judged by the law of 
liberty4    #b3ac4 ,for judgment without
 mercy to him that hath not done mercy4 
,and  mercy exalteth itself above       
judgment4    #b3ad4 ,what shall it      
profit1 my brethren1 if a man say he    
hath faith1 but  hath not works8 ,shall 
faith be able to save him8    #b3ae4    
,and if a brother or sister be naked and

 want daily food3    #b3af4 ,and one of 
you say to them3 ,go in peace1 be ye    
warmed and filled2  yet give them not   
those things that are necessary for the 
body1 what  shall it profit8    #b3ag4  
,so faith also1 if it have not works1 is
 dead in itself4    #b3ah4 ,but some man
 will say3 ,thou hast faith1 and ,i have
 works4  ,shew me  thy faith without    
works2 and ,i will shew thee1 by works1 
my faith4    #b3ai4 ,thou believest that
 there is one ,god4 ,thou dost well3 the
 devils  also believe and tremble4      
#b3bj4 ,but wilt thou know1 ,o vain man1
 that faith without works is dead8      
#b3ba4 ,was not ,abraham our father     
justified by works1 offering up ,isaac  
his son upon the altar8    #b3bb4 ,seest
 thou that faith did cooperate with his 
works and by works  faith was made      
perfect8    #b3bc4 ,and the scripture   
was fulfilled1 saying3 ,abraham believed
 ,god1 and  it was reputed to him to    
justice1 and he was called the friend of
 ,god4    #b3bd4 ,do you see that by    

works a man is justified1 and not by    
faith  only8    #b3be4 ,and in like     
manner also ,rahab the harlot1 was not  
she justified by  works1 receiving the  
messengers and sending them out another 
way8    #b3bf4 ,for even as the body    
without the spirit is dead3 so also     
faith  without works is dead4    ,james 
,chapter #c    ,of the evils of the     
tongue4 ,of the difference between the  
earthly and  heavenly wisdom4    #c3a4  
,be ye not many masters1 my brethren1   
knowing that you receive the  greater   
judgment4    #c3b4 ,for in many things  
we all offend4 ,if any man offend not in
 word1  the same is a perfect man4 ,he  
is able also with a bridle to lead about
  the whole body4    #c3c4 ,for if we   
put bits into the mouths of horses1 that
 they may obey  us3 and we turn about   
their whole body4    #c3d4 ,behold also 
ships1 whereas they are great and are   
driven by strong  winds1 yet are they   
turned about with a small helm1         
whithersoever the  force of the governor

 willeth4    #c3e4 ,even so the tongue  
is indeed a little member and boasteth  
great  things4 ,behold how small a fire 
kindleth a great wood4    #c3f4 ,and the
 tongue is a fire1 a world of iniquity4 
,the tongue is placed  among our        
members1 which defileth the whole body  
and inflameth the wheel  of our         
nativity1 being set on fire by hell4    
#c3g4 ,for every nature of beasts and of
 birds and of serpents and of the  rest 
is tamed and hath been tamed1 by the    
nature of man4    #c3h4 ,but the tongue 
no man can tame1 an unquiet evil1 full  
of deadly  poison4    #c3i4 ,by it we   
bless ,god and the ,father3 and by it we
 curse men who are  made after the      
likeness of ,god4    #c3aj4 ,out of the 
same mouth proceedeth blessing and      
cursing4 ,my  brethren1 these things    
ought not so to be4    #c3aa4 ,doth a   
fountain send forth1 out of the same    
hole1 sweet and bitter  water8    #c3ab4
 ,can the fig tree1 my brethren1 bear   
grapes8 ,or the vine1 figs8 ,so  neither

 can the salt water yield sweet4        
#c3ac4 ,who is a wise man and endued    
with knowledge1 among you8 ,let him     
shew1 by a good contestation1 his work  
in the meekness of wisdom4    #c3ad4    
,but if you have bitter zeal1 and there 
be contention in your  hearts3 glory not
 and be not liars against the truth4    
#c3ae4 ,for this is not wisdom1         
descending from above3 but earthly1     
sensual1 devilish4    #c3af4 ,for where 
envying and contention is3 there is     
inconstancy and  every evil work4       
#c3ag4 ,but the wisdom that is from     
above1 first indeed is chaste1 then     
peaceable1 modest1 easy to be persuaded1
 consenting to the good1 full of  mercy 
and good fruits1 without judging1       
without dissimulation4    #c3ah4 ,and   
the fruit of justice is sown in peace1  
to them that make  peace4    ,james     
,chapter #d    ,the evils that flow from
 yielding to concupiscence and being    
friends to  this world4 ,admonitions    
against pride1 detraction and the like4 

#d3a4 ,from whence are wars and         
contentions among you8 ,are they not    
hence1  from your concupiscences1 which 
war in your members8    #d3b4 ,you      
covet1 and have not3 you kill and envy  
and cannot obtain4  ,you  contend and   
war1 and you have not3 because you ask  
not4    #d3c4 ,you ask and receive not3 
because you ask amiss1 that you may     
consume it on your concupiscences4      
#d3d4 ,adulterers1 know you not that the
 friendship of this world is the  enemy 
of ,god8 ,whosoever therefore will be a 
friend of this world  becometh an enemy 
of ,god4    #d3e4 ,or do you think that 
the scripture saith in vain3 ,to envy   
doth the  spirit covet which dwelleth in
 you8    #d3f4 ,but he giveth greater   
grace4 ,wherefore he saith3 ,god        
resisteth the  proud and giveth grace to
 the humble4    #d3g4 ,be subject       
therefore to ,god4 ,but resist the      
devil3 and he will fly  from you4       
#d3h4 ,draw nigh to ,god3 and he will   
draw nigh to you4 ,cleanse your hands1  

ye sinners1 and purify your hearts1 ye  
double minded4    #d3i4 ,be afflicted   
and mourn and weep3 let your laughter be
 turned into  mourning and your joy into
 sorrow4    #d3aj4 ,be humbled in the   
sight of the ,lord3 and he will exalt   
you4    #d3aa4 ,detract not one another1
 my brethren4 ,he that detracteth his   
brother1 or he that judgeth his brother1
 detracteth the law and judgeth  the    
law4 ,but if thou judge the law1 thou   
art not a doer of the law1 but  a judge4
    #d3ab4 ,there is one lawgiver and   
judge1 that is able to destroy and to   
deliver4    #d3ac4 ,but who art thou    
that judgest thy neighbour8 ,behold1 now
 you that  say3 ,to-day or to-morrow we 
will go into such a city1 and there we  
will  spend a year and will traffic and 
make our gain4    #d3ad4 ,whereas you   
know not what shall be on the morrow4   
#d3ae4 ,for what is your life8 ,it is a 
vapour which appeareth for a little     
while and afterwards shall vanish away4 
,for that you should say3 ,if the  ,lord

 will1 and1 ,if we shall live1 we will  
do this or that4    #d3af4 ,but now you 
rejoice in your arrogancies4 ,all such  
rejoicing is  wicked4    #d3ag4 ,to him 
therefore who knoweth to do good and    
doth it not1 to him it  is sin4         
,james ,chapter #e    ,a woe to the rich
 that oppress the poor4 ,exhortations to
 patience and to  avoid swearing4 ,of   
the anointing the sick1 confession of   
sins and  fervour in prayer4    #e3a4   
,go to now1 ye rich men3 weep and howl  
in your miseries1 which shall  come upon
 you4    #e3b4 ,your riches are         
corrupted3 and your garments are        
motheaten4    #e3c4 ,your gold and      
silver is cankered3 and the rust of them
 shall be for  a testimony against you  
and shall eat your flesh like fire4     
,you have  stored up to yourselves wrath
 against the last days4    #e3d4 ,behold
 the hire of the labourers who have     
reaped down your fields1  which by fraud
 has been kept back by you1 crieth3 and 
the cry of them  hath entered into the  

ears of the ,lord of ,sabaoth4    #e3e4 
,you have feasted upon earth3 and in    
riotousness you have nourished  your    
hearts1 in the day of slaughter4        
#e3f4 ,you have condemned and put to    
death the ,just ,one3 and he resisted   
you not4    #e3g4 ,be patient therefore1
 brethren1 until the coming of the      
,lord4  ,behold1 the husbandman waiteth 
for the precious fruit of the earth3    
patiently bearing till he receive the   
early and latter rain4    #e3h4 ,be you 
therefore also patient and strengthen   
your hearts3 for the  coming of the     
,lord is at hand4    #e3i4 ,grudge not1 
brethren1 one against another1 that you 
may not be  judged4 ,behold the judge   
standeth before the door4    #e3aj4     
,take1 my brethren1 for example of      
suffering evil1 of labour and  patience1
 the prophets who spoke in the name of  
the ,lord4    #e3aa4 ,behold1 we account
 them blessed who have endured4 ,you    
have heard  of the patience of ,job and 
you have seen the end of the ,lord1 that

 the  ,lord is merciful and             
compassionate4    #e3ab4 ,but above all 
things1 my brethren1 swear not1 neither 
by heaven1  nor by the earth1 nor by any
 other oath4 ,but let your speech be3   
,yea1  ,yea3 ,no1 ,no3 that you fall not
 under judgment4    #e3ac4 ,is any of   
you sad8 ,let him pray3 ,is he cheerful 
in mind8 ,let him  sing4    #e3ad4 ,is  
any man sick among you8 ,let him bring  
in the priests of the  church and let   
them pray over him1 anointing him with  
oil in the name of  the ,lord4    ,let  
him bring in1 etc444 ,see here a plain  
warrant of scripture for the  sacrament 
of extreme unction1 that any controversy
 against its  institution would be      
against the express words of the sacred 
text in the  plainest terms4    #e3ae4  
,and the prayer of faith shall save the 
sick man4 ,and the ,lord  shall raise   
him up3 and if he be in sins1 they shall
 be forgiven him4    #e3af4 ,confess    
therefore your sins one to another3 and 
pray one for  another1 that you may be  

saved4 ,for the continual prayer of a   
just man  availeth much4    ,confess    
your sins one to another444 ,that is1 to
 the priests of the  church1 whom       
7ver4#ad7 he had ordered to be called   
for1 and brought in to  the sick2       
moreover1 to confess to persons who had 
no power to forgive  sins1 would be     
useless4 ,hence the precept here means1 
that we must  confess to men whom ,god  
hath appointed1 and who1 by their       
ordination  and jurisdiction1 have      
received the power of remitting sins in 
his name4    #e3ag4 ,elias was a man    
passible like unto us3 and with prayer  
he prayed  that it might not rain upon  
the earth4 ,and it rained not for three 
years  and six months4    #e3ah4 ,and he
 prayed again4 ,and the heaven gave     
rain3 and the earth  brought forth her  
fruit4    #e3ai4 ,my brethren1 if any of
 you err from the truth and one convert 
him3    #e3bj4 ,he must know that he who
 causeth a sinner to be converted from  
the  error of his way shall save his    

soul from death and shall cover a       
multitude of sins4