,,! ,,sceptics ,,( ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t ,,job 99 ,,kohele? 99 ,,agur ) ,engli% text translat$ = ! fir/ "t f ! primitive ,hebrew z re/or$ on ! basis ( rec5t philological discov]ies4 by ,e4 ,j4 ,dillon ,late ,pr(essor ( ,comp>ative ,philology & ,anci5t ,arm5ian at ! ,imp]ial ,univ]sity ( ,kh>k(f2 ,doctor ( ,ori5tal ,languages ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,l\va92 ,magi/r& ( ! ,ori5tal ,faculty ( ! ,imp]ial ,univ]sity ( ,/4 ,pet]sburg2 ,memb] ( ! ,arm5ian ,academy ( ,v5ice2 ,membre de la ,socit ,asiatique de ,p>is1 c4 c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to ,,alex&] ,,vassilyevit* ,,pas*k(f1 ,m4,a4 ,,! ,,foll[+ ,,pages ,,are ,,affectionately ,,d$icat$ 99 99 99 99 99 ,,d$icatory ,,note ,my ,de> ,pas*k(f1 ,9 ! philosophical problems dealt ) by ! ,sceptics ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 y w recognise ! !me ( our num]\s & pleasant discussions dur+ ! pa/ sixte5 ye>s4 ,?ree ( ^! are indelibly engrav5 9 my memory1 &1 if ,i mi/ake n1 9 y\rs4 ,! fir/ took place 9 ,/4 ,pet]sburg "o s(t ,indian-summ]'s ev5+1 9 a cosy room on ! ,gag>9e ,quay1 f ! w9d[s ( :i* we look$ out ) admiration ^u ! blue expanse ( ! ,neva1 z x reflect$ ! burni%$ gold ( ! spire ( ! ,=tress *ur*4 ,at t "t we gaz$ ^u ! wavelets ( ! riv] & ! wond]s ( ! _w f exactly ! same angle ( vision4 ,! second ( ^! memorable conv]sations occurr$ aft] ! lapse ( n9e ye>s4 ,we _h met toge!r 9 ! old place1 & saunt]+ out "o bitt]ly cold ,decemb] ev5+ resum$ ! discussion1 walk+ to & fro on ! moonlit bank ( ! ice-b\nd riv]1 until ev5+ m]g$ into night & ! moon sank b5ea? ! horizon1 leav+ u 9 total d>kness1 va9ly desir\s1 l ,goe!1 ( light1 m light4 ,our la/ ex*ange ( views took place aft] six fur!r ye>s _h sp$ away1 & we /ood la/ ,augu/ on ! summit ( ! hi/oric ,mn*sb]g1 ov]look+ ! f9al re/+-place ( ! great ,p>acelsus4 ,! long & int]e/+ discussions :i* we _h on t occasion1 j be=e sett+ out 9 opposite directions1 y to ! ,ea/ & ,i to ! ,we/1 nei!r ( u is likely ev] to =get4 ,x is 9 commemoration ( ^! pleasant conv]sations1 & m especially ( ! good old times1 n[ pa/ = ev]1 :5 we look$ out ^u ! wavelets ( ! ,neva & ! wond]s ( ! _w f ! same angle ( vision1 t ,i ask y to all[ me to associate y\r "n ) ?is translation ( ! primitive texts ( ! ,sceptics ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,y\rs affectionately1 ,e4 ,j4 ,,dillon4 ,,trebizond1 ,janu>y #c1 #ahie4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,preface ,a c>eful p]usal ( ?is fir/ ,engli% translation ( ! primitive text ( ,job1 ,kohele?1 & ! ,say+s ( ,agur w1 ,i d\bt n1 satisfy ! mo/ or?odox read] t ,i am fully w>rant$ 9 *>act]is+ _! au?ors z ,sceptics4 ,! epi!t1 ,i confess1 may prove di/a/eful to _m1 b ! tru?1 ,i tru/1 w be welcome to all4 ,x is n easy to und]/& :y any "o :o firmly believes t ,provid5ce is cont9ually educ+ good f evil %\ld hesitate to admit t x may 9 l mann] all[ s\nd moral pr9ciples to be en%r9$ 9 d\btful or ev5 errone\s philosophical !ories4 ,or1 is tru/ 9 ,god to be made dep5d5t ^u ! confirmation or rejection by physical sci5ce (1 say1 ! ,old ,te/am5t acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( ! ra9b[8 ,agur1 ,job & ,kohele? _h outgr[n ! intellectual husks :i* a n>r[1 inadequate & errone\s acc\nt ( ,god's deal+s ) man _h caus$ to =m ar\nd ! m9ds ( _! c\ntrym51 & !y _h ! moral c\rage to put _! words into h>mony ) _! ?\ghts4 ,cle>ly p]ceiv+ t1 :atev] ! sac]dotal class might say to ! contr>y1 ! political /r5g? ( ! ,hebrew p 0 sp5t & its religi\s ideals explod$1 !y s\ght to %ift ! c5tre ( gravity f speculative !ology to practical morality4 ,! mann] 9 :i* !y adju/$ _! hopes1 fe>s1 & aspirations to ! new conditions1 /rikes ! keynote ( _! respective *>act]s4 ,job1 look+ d[n ^u ! _w f ! tranquil heights ( g5ius1 is manful1 calm1 resign$4 ,kohele?1 %udd]+ at ! gloom t envelops & ! pa9 t convulses all liv+ be+s1 pref]s dea? to life1 & fre$om f suff]+ to positive pleasure2 :ile ,agur1 reveal+ ! bitt]ness br$ by dispell$ illusions & bla/$ hopes1 adm9i/]s a sev]e *a/isem5t to ^? :o fir/ call$ !m into be+4 ,all ?ree#a reject ! dogma ( retribution1 ! doctr9e ( et]nal life & belief 9 ! com+ ( a ,messiah1 ov] & above :i* !y at times /rip ! notion ( ,god ( its mo/ ess5tial attributes1 r$uc+ x to ! %ad[ ( a m]e metaphysical ab/raction4 ,?is is :y ,i call !m ,sceptics4 ,job & ,kohele? emphatically d5y t !re is any pro( to be f\nd ( ! s-call$ moral ord] 9 ! univ]se1 & !y unhesitat+ly decl>e t exi/5ce is an evil4 ,!y w\ld h u !re=e ex*ange our hopes = insight1 & w>n u t ev5 ?is is v circumscrib$ at be/4 ,= n only is happ9ess a mock]y1 b k is a w-o'-!-wisp4 ,mank9d resembles ! bricklay] & ! hodman :o help to raise an impos+ edifice )\t any k ( ! g5]al plan4 ,& yet ! /ructure is ! outcome ( _! lab\r4 ,9 l mann] ?is my/]i\s _w is ! "w ( man--! mirror ( 8 w4 ,z 8 w is1 s are 8 acts1 & z 8 acts are1 s is 8 _w4 ,or z ! anci5t ,h9doos put x3 ,be=e ! gods we b5d our necks1 & yet )9 ! toils ( ,fate ,entangl$ are ! gods !mselves4 ,to ,fate1 !n1 be all hon\r giv54 ,yet ,fate itself c compass n\ght1 'tis b ! br+] ( ! me$ ,= e de$ t we p]=m4 ,z !n our acts %ape our rew>ds1 ( :at avail are gods or ,fate8 ,let hon\r !re=e be dec]n$ to de$s alone4 ,b :at1 ,i h be5 frequ5tly ask$1 w be ! effect ( all ?is ^u !ology8 ,are we to suppose t ! writ+s ( ^! ?ree ,sceptics 7 admitt$ into ! ,canon by mi/ake1 & if n1 %all we n h to wid5 our def9ition ( inspiration until x c be made to include contributions :i* e ,*ri/ian mu/ reg>d z het]odox8 ,an exhau/ive reply to ?is "q w\ld ne$ a !ological diss]tation1 = :i* ,i h nei!r desire nor leisure4 ,i may say1 h[ev]1 t em95t !ologians repres5t+ v>i\s ,*ri/ian d5om9ations--,roman ,ca?olic1 ,greek ,or?odox1 ,anglican & ,lu!ran--h assur$ me t !y c\ld readily reconcile ! dogmas ( _! respective ,*ur*es ) doctr9es educible f ! primitive text ( ,job1 ,kohele?1 & ,agur1 ^: e?ics !y are dispos$ to id5tify1 9 ess5tials1 ) ! tea*+s ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt4 ,) ! ways & means by :i* !y effect ?is reconciliation ,i am n n[ conc]n$4 ,my object 0 nei!r to attack a religi\s dogma1 nor to provoke a !ological controv]sy1 b m]ely to put ! late/ results ( philological sci5ce )9 ! rea* ( him :o reads z he runs4 ,& ,i feel confid5t t ! read] :o c appreciate ! highe/ =ms ( poetry1 or :o has anxi\sly pond]$ ov] ! problems ( ,god1 immortality1 ! orig9 ( evil1 c41 w p]use ! writ+s ( ,job1 ,kohele? & ,agur ) a lively int]e/1 awak5$1 & su/a9$ n m]ely by ! extr9sic value :i* !y possess z hi/orical docum5ts1 b by _! intr9sic m]its z preci\s contributions to ! lit]ature & philosophy ( ! _w4 ,e4 ,j4 ,,dillon4 ,,con/ant9ople1 ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 #ahie4 ,footnotes3 #a ,9 ,agur's case1 ?is is b an inf]5ce f 8 fir/ say+1 b an inf]5ce :i* few w\ld ?9k ( call+ 9 "q4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,cont5ts ,,! ,,poem ,,( ,,job ,,hebrew ,,philosophy ,,! ,,problem ,,( ,,! ,,poem ,,job',s ,,me?od ,,( ,,solv+ ,,! ,,problem ,,date ,,( ,,! ,,composition ,,! ,,text ,,& ,,its ,,recon/ruction ,,int]polations ,,job',s ,,!ological ,,& ,,philosophical ,,conceptions ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,poem ,,kohele? ,,condition ,,( ,,! ,,text ,,primitive ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,book ,,kohele?',s ,,!ory ,,( ,,life ,,practical ,,wisdom ,,kohele?',s ,,philosophy ,,( ,,life ,,s\rces ,,( ,,kohele?',s ,,philosophy ,,agur ,,! ,,agno/ic ,,agur1 ,,son ,,( ,,yakeh ,,=m ,,& ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,! ,,say+s ,,( ,,agur ,,date ,,( ,,composition ,,agur',s ,,philosophy ,,! ,,poem ,,( ,,job 7,,translation ,,( ,,! ,,re/or$ ,,text7 ,,! ,,speak] 7,,translation ,,( ,,! ,,re/or$ ,,text7 ,,! ,,say+s ,,( ,,agur 7,,translation ,,( ,,! ,,re/or$ ,,text7 ,,index ,,! ,,poem ,,( ,,job 99 99 99 99 99 ,,hebrew ,,philosophy ,accord+ to a !ory :i* 0 /ill 9 vogue a few ye>s ago1 ! anci5t races ( mank9d 7 di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r no less by _! intellectual equipm5t ?an by _! physical peculi>ities4 ,?us ! ,semites 7 suppos$ to be *>act]is$1 among o!r ?+s1 by an inborn aptitude = hi/orical n>rative & an utt] lack ( ! m5tal suppl5ess1 +5uity1 & %>p incisive vision indisp5sable = ! /udy ( ! problems ( philosophy2 :ile _! neighb\rs1 ! ,aryans1 devoid ( hi/orical tal5t1 7 held to be ri*ly end[$ ) all ! ess5tial qualities ( m9d ne$$ = ! cultivation ( epic poetry & ab/ruse metaphysics4 ,?is !ory has s9ce be5 ab&on$1 & _m ( ! alleg$ facts t once seem$ to support x h be5 %[n to be unw>rant$ assumptions4 ,?us1 ! conclusive pro(1 suppli$ by ,biblical criticism1 ( ! untru/wor?9ess ( ! hi/orical books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 has remov$ "o alleg$ diff]5ce betwe5 ,aryans & ,semites1 :ile ! discov]ies :i* l$ to ! recon/ruction ( ! primitive poem ( ,job & ( ! treatise ( ,kohele? h und]m9$ ! basis ( ! o!r4 ,= ^! two works deal exclusively ) philosophical problems1 &1 toge!r ) ! ,books ( ,prov]bs & ,jesus ,sira*1 are ! only rema9s t h come d[n to u ( ! e?ical & metaphysical speculations ( ! anci5t ,hebrews ^: desc5dants h s mat]ially contribut$ to fur!r ?is mu*-malign$ bran* ( human k4 ,& if we may judge by :at we "k ( ^! two books1 we h ample gr\nds = regrett+ t num]\s o!r philosophical treatises :i* 7 writt5 betwe5 ! f\r? & ! fir/ c5turies ,b4,c4 7 deem$ too ab/ruse1 too irrelevant1 or too het]odox to f9d a place 9 ! ,jewi% ,canon4#b ,= ! ,book ( ,job is an unrivall$ ma/]piece1 ! "w ( "o 9 :om poetry 0 no m]e special faculty cultivat$ ap>t f 8 o!r gifts1 b ! outcome ( ! h>moni\s :ol5ess ( heal?y human nature1 9 :i* upright liv+1 untrammell$ ?\ght1 deep m5tal vision1 & luxuriant imag9ation comb9$ to =m ! individual4 ,h5ce ! poem is a true reflex ( ! au?or's m9d3 x dissolves & bl5ds 9 h>moni\s union elem5ts t appe>$ n m]ely het]og5e\s1 b :olly incompatible1 & realises1 ) ! concret5ess ( hi/ory1 ! seem+ly unatta9able idea :i* ,lucretius _h ! m9d to conceive b lack$ ! arti/ic h& to execute2 9 a ^w1 x is ! fruit ( ! intimate union ( t philosophy :i*1 reckless ( results1 d>es to clip ev5 angels' w+s1 & ( ! art :i* possesses ! secret ( pa9t+ its unfad+ pictures ) ! delicate t9ts ( ! ra9b[4 ,ri* fancy & pr(\nd ?\ght co-op]ate to produce a t]tium quid--a visible pro( t ! beautiful is "o ) ! true--= :i* nei!r lit]ature nor philosophy possesses a "n4 ,x is no wond]1 !n1 t ?is unique poem1 :i* gives adequate utt]ance to ab/ract ?\ght1 truly & =cibly /ates ! d\bts & misgiv+s :i* h>r[ ! s\ls ( ?9k+ m5 ( all ages & nations1 & helps !m to lift a corn] ( ! veil ( delusion & get a glimpse ( ! d>kness ( ! ev]la/+ ,night beyond1 %\ld appeal to ! read] ( ! n9ete5? c5tury ) mu* great] =ce ?an to ! ,jews ( old5 times1 :o 7 accu/om$ to gauge ! sublimity ( imag9ative poetry & ! dep? ( philosophic speculation by ! /&>d ( or?odoxy & ! bias ( nationality4 ,! ,book ( ,job1 f :i* ,pope ,gregory ! ,great fanci$ he c\ld piece toge!r ! entire sy/em ( ,ca?olic !ology1 & :i* ,?omas ( ,aqu9 reg>d$ z a sob] hi/ory1 is n[ kn[n to be a regul> poem1 b1 z ,t5nyson truly rem>k$1 ! greate/ poem :e!r ( anci5t or mod]n times1 & ! diction ( :i* ev5 ,lu!r in/9ctively felt to be magnific5t & sublime z no o!r book ( ,scripture4 ,& x is exclusively 9 ?is light1 z "o ( ! ma/]pieces ( ! _w's lit]ature1 t x w be consid]$ 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,:atev] religi\s significance x may be suppos$ to possess ov] & above1 z "o ( ! canonical books ( ! ,hebrew & ,*ri/ian ,scriptures1 w1 x is hop$1 rema9 unaffect$ by ?is treatm5t1 :i* is lea/ ( all controv]sial4 ,! fl[]s t yield honey to ! bee likewise delight ! bee-keep] ) _! p]fume & ! poet ) _! col\rs1 & !re is no adequate reason :y ! magic v]se :i* /rikes a responsive *ord 9 ! s\l ( lov]s ( high art1 & />ts a new tra9 ( ideas 9 ! m9ds ( s]i\s ?9k]s1 %\ld !reby lose any ( ! heal+ virtues x may h h]et(ore possess$ = ! suff]+ s\ls ( ! believ+4 ,b view$ ev5 z a m]e "w ( art1 x w\ld be hopeless to endeav\r to press x into ! frame ( any "o ( ! receiv$ categories ( lit]>y composition1 z is evid5t f ! fact t au?oris$ & unau?oris$ op9ion on ! subject has t\*$ e extreme1 & /ill cont9ues oscillat+ to-day4 ,_m comm5tators /ill treat x z a curi\s *apt] ( old-_w hi/ory n>rat$ ) scrupul\s fidelity by ! h]o or an eye-witness1 o!rs z a philosophical dialogue2 sev]al s*ol>s reg>d x z a g5u9e drama1 :ile n a few en?usia/ically av] t x is ! only epic poem ev] writt5 by a ,hebrew4 ,9 tru?1 x p>takes ( ! nature ( ea* & e "o ( ^! categories1 & is yet circumscrib$ by ! laws & limits ( none ( !m4 ,9 =m1 x is mo/ ne>ly ak9 to ! drama1 ) :i* we %\ld be dispos$ to id5tify x if ! *>act]s ( ! prologue & epilogue 7 introduc$ z dramatis p]sonae 9 action4 ,b _! do+ & endur+ are presuppos$ z accompli%$ facts1 & employ$ m]ely z a foil to ! dialogues1 :i* alone are ! "w ( ! au?or4 ,p]haps ! lea/ errone\s way succ9ctly to describe :at 9 fact is a unicum w\ld be to call x a psy*ological drama4 ,kohele?1 or ! ,prea*]1 is likewise a lit]>y puzzle :i* = c5turies has baffl$ ! ef=ts ( comm5tators & ar\s$ ! misgiv+s ( !ologians4 ,reg>d$ by _m z a vade mecum ( mat]iali/s1 by "s z an eloqu5t s]mon on ! fe> ( ,god1 & by o!rs z a summ>y ( sceptical philosophy1 x is impossible to analyse & classify x )\t hav+ fir/ elim9at$ all ^? num]\s lat]-date ins]tions :i*1 )\t improv+ ! au?or's !ology1 utt]ly obscure 8 mean+ & entirely spoil 8 "w4 ,:51 by ! aid ( text criticism1 we h succe$$ 9 we$+ x ( ! p>asitic gr[? ( ages1 we h /ill to all[ = ! *ang+ ( places ( num]\s au!ntic passages ei!r by accid5t or design1 ! effects ( :i* are (t5times q z mislead+ z ^? ( ! delib]ate int]polations4 ,! "w ?us re/or$1 al?\gh "o1 coh]5t & logical1 is /ill susceptible ( v>i\s int]pretations1 accord+ to ! po9t ( view ( ! read]1 none ( :i*1 h[ev]1 c ignore ! significant fact t ! sceptically ideal basis ( ,kohele?'s metaphysics is id5tical ) t ( ,buddha1 ,kant1 & ,s*op5hau]1 & admirably h>monises ) ! e?ics ( ,job & ! pessimism ( ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,! ,say+s ( ,agur1 on ! contr>y1 tell _! own int]e/+ /ory1 )\t ne$ ( note or comm5t>y1 to him :o possesses a fair k ( ,hebrew gramm>1 & an av]age all[ance ( "m wit4 ,! lively v]sifi]1 ! ke5ness ( ^: s5se ( hum\r is excell$ only by ! bitt]ness ( 8 satire1 c\ld ill af=d to be obscure4 ,a memb] ( ! lit]>y frat]nity :i* boa/s ! names ( ,lucian & ,voltaire1 a firm believ] 9 ! =ce ( common s5se & rudim5t>y logic1 ,agur ridicules ! !ologians ( 8 day ) a malici\s cruelty :i* is expla9$1 if n w>rant$1 by ! pret5sions ( omnisci5ce & ! practice ( intol]ance t provok$ x4 ,! unansw]able argum5t :i* ,jahveh consid]$ suffici5t to sil5ce 8 s]vant ,job1 ,agur deems effective aga9/ ! dogmatical doctors ( 8 own day3 ,:o has asc5d$ into heav5 & come d[n aga98 99 99 99 99 99 ,su* an "o w\ld ,i "q ab\t ,god3 ,:at is 8 "n8 ,footnotes3 #b ,job & ,ecclesia/es 7 ins]t$ 9 ! ,jewi% &1 "o may add1 ! ,*ri/ian ,canon1 solely on ! /r5g? ( passages :i* ! au?ors ( ^! compositions nev] ev5 saw1 & :i* flatly contradict ! ma9 !ses ( _! works4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,problem ,,( ,,! ,,poem ,purg$ ( all lat] int]polations & re/or$ z f> z possible to ! =m x receiv$ f ! h& ( its au?or1 ! poem ( ,job is ! mo/ /rik+ pres5tation ( ! mo/ obscure & fasc9at+ problem t ev] puzzl$ & tortur$ ! human intellect3 h[ to reconcile ! exi/5ce ( evil1 n m]ely ) ! fundam5tal dogmas ( ! anci5t ,jewi% fai?1 b ) any =m ( ,!ism :atev]4 ,/at$ 9 ! t]ms 9 :i* ! poet--:om = conv5i5ce sake we %all id5tify ) 8 h]o#c manife/ly conceiv$ x1 x is ?is3 ,c ,god be ! creator ( all ?+s & yet n be responsible = evil8 ,! ,inf9ite ,be+ :o laid ! e>?'s f\ndation1 %ut 9 ! sea ) doors1 ^: voice is ?und] & ^: creatures are all ?+s t h be+1 is1 we tru/1 moral & good4 ,b x is ,8 omnipot5ce t /rikes u mo/ =cibly4 ,almighty 9 !ory1 ,he is all active 9 fact1 & no?+ t happ5s 9 ! univ]se is br\ght ab\t ev5 indirectly by any "o b ,himself4 ,!re are no second causes at "w1 no *ance1 no laws ( nature1 no subord9ate ag5ts1 no?+ t is n ! imm$iate manife/ation ( ,8 free w4#d ,?is is evid5t to our s5ses4 ,b :at is equally obvi\s is t ,8 acts d n tally ) ,8 attribute ( goodness1 & t no facts kn[n or imag9able c help u to bridge ov] ! abyss betwe5 ! inf9ite ju/ice ascrib$ to ,him & ! cry+ wrongs t confront u 9 ,8 univ]se1 :i!rsoev] we turn4#e ,8 rule is su* a cong]ies ( evils t ev5 ! j man (t5 welcomes dea? z a release1 & ,job himself ) difficulty ov]came ! temptation to end 8 suff]+s by suicide4 ,all ! cut-&-dri$ explanations ( ,god's conduct (f]$ by ,8 human advocates m]ely r5d] ! problem m complicat$4 ,8 pr(essional apologi/s are weav]s ( lies1 & cont5d = ,him ) deception1 &1 worse ?an all else1 ,he ,himself has nev] reveal$ to ,8 creatures any tru? m soo?+ ?an ! fact !y set out )1 t ! problem is = ev] insoluble4 ,wisdom is hid f ! eyes ( all liv+1#f & ! dead are 9 ! l& ( d>kness & ( gloom1#g :5ce !re is no issue4 ,! !ological views preval5t 9 ! days ( ! poet1 z exp\nd$ by ! ?ree fri5ds ( ,job1 in/ead ( sugge/+ "s way out ( ! difficulty 7 9 flagrant contradiction ) fact4 ,!y appeal$ to ! traditional !ory & insi/$ on hav+ t accept$ z ! reality4 ,& x 0 "o ( ! sadde/ !ories ev] inv5t$4 ,virtue 0 at be/ a m]e matt] ( bus9ess1 "o ( ! crude/ =ms ( utilit>ianism1 a b>ga9 betwe5 ,jahveh & ,8 creatures4 ,z asceticism 9 anci5t ,india 0 rew>d$ ) ! spiritual gift ( work+ miracles1 s upright liv+ 0 foll[$ 9 ,judea by mat]ial weal?1 prosp]ity1 a num]\s prog5y & all ! good ?+s t seem to make life wor? liv+4 ,su* at lea/ 0 ! !ory1 & ^? :o 7 satisfi$ ) _! lot _h little temptation to f9d fault ) x = ! sake ( ^? :o 7 n4 ,9 sob] reality1 h[ev]1 ! obligation 0 v "o-sid$3 ,jahveh1 :o occasionally fail$ to c>ry out ,8 ?reats1 obs]v$ or repudiat$ ,8 solemn promises z ,he ?\ght fit1 :]eas ^? among ,8 creatures :o fai?fully fulfill$ _! "p ( ! contract 7 nev] sure ( receiv+ _! /ipulat$ wage 9 ! promis$ co94 ,& at t "t none o!r 0 curr5t3 !re 0 no future life loom+ 9 ! dim di/ance ) int5sifi$ rew>ds & puni%m5ts :]e) to r$ress ! balance ( ?is4 ,& x sadly ne$$ r$ress+4 ,! victims ( seem+ inju/ice naturally felt t !y 7 be+ h>dly dealt )4 ,& z if to make confusion worse conf\nd$1 _! neighb\rs1 :o _h ridd5 r\gh%od ov] all law1 human & div9e1 7 frequ5tly exempt f mis=tune1 liv$ on ! fat ( ! l&1 & enjoy$ a monopoly ( ! div9e bless+s4 ,to ,job1 ^: consci\sness ( 8 own righte\sness 0 cle>] & less que/ionable ?an ! ju/ice ( 8 ,creator1 ?is !ory ( retribution seem$ unwor?y ( belief4 ,! creation ( ?is good ,god1 !n1 is l>gely leav5$ ) evil = :i*--all ?+s be+ ! "w ( ,8 h&s--,he1 & ,he alone1 is answ]able4 ,!re 0 no devil 9 ^? old5 times ^u ^: broad %\ld]s ! responsibility = sickness1 suff]+1 mis]y & dea? c\ld be conv5i5tly %ift$4 ,! ,satan or ,adv]s>y is /ill "o ( ! sons ( ,god :o1 l all 8 bre?r51 has free access to ! c\ncil *amb] ( ! ,mo/ ,high1 :]e he is wont to take a critical1 some:at cynical b n :olly incorrect view ( motives & ( m54 ,9 ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w he has nei!r h& nor "p1 & 8 int]f]5ce 9 ! affairs ( ,job is ! result ( a special p]mission accord$ him by ! ,creator4 ,god alone is ! au?or ( good & ( evil1#h & ! !sis to be demon/rat$ by ,8 pr(essional apologi/s consi/s 9 %[+ t ! =m] is ! outfl[ ( ,8 m]cy1 & ! latt] ! necess>y effect ( ,8 ju/ice act+ ^u ! deprav$ w ( ,8 creatures4 ,b ! pro( 0 n =?com+4 ,p]sonal suff]+ might reasonably be expla9$ 9 _m cases z ! meet & inevitable wage = wrong-do+2 b assur$ly n 9 all4 ,job himself 0 a /rik+ in/ance ( unm]it$ puni%m5t4 ,ev5 ,jahveh solemnly decl>es him to be j & p]fect2 & ,job 0 admitt$ly no solit>y exception2 he 0 ! type ( a num]\s class ( righte\s1 wrong$ & wret*$ mortals1 unnam$ & unkn[n3 ,omnes illacrymabiles4444 ignotique longa ,nocte1 c>5t quia vate sacro4 ,job is ready to admit t ,god1 no d\bt1 is j & good 9 !ory1 b he _c dissemble ! obvi\s fact t ,8 works 9 ! univ]se are nei!r2 inde$1 if we may judge ! tree by its fruits1 ,8 rgime is ! rule ( an ori5tal & almighty despot ^: w & pleasure is ! sole moral law4 ,& t w is too (t5 undi/+ui%able f malice ( ! blacke/ k9d4 ,?us ,he de/roye? ! upright & ! wick$1 ,:5 8 sc\rge slaye? at unaw>es4 ,he sc(fe? at ! trial ( ! innoc5t2 ,! e>? is giv5 into ! h& ( ! wick$4 ,9 a ^w1 ! poet proclaims t ! curr5t !ories ( traditional !ology 7 disembodi$1 n inc>nate 9 ! moral ord] ( ! _w1 _h1 9 fact1 n[h]e tak5 root4 ,! two mo/ speci\s argum5ts ) :i* x 0 s\ght to prop up ?is tott]+ !ological sy/em consi/$ 9 ma9ta9+ t ! wick$ are (t5 puni%$ & ! good recomp5s$ 9 _! (fspr+--a k9d ( spiritual entail 9 :i* ! t5ant = life is d5i$ ! usufruct = ! sake ( heirs he nev] knew--& t su* individual claims z 7 left unadju/$ by ?is curi\s arrangem5t 7 m]g$ 9 ^? ( ! community at l>ge & %\ld be held to be settl$ 9 full z long z ! weal ( ! nation 0 assur$4 ,9 o!r words1 ! individual s[s & 8 (fspr+ or ! nation reaps ! h>ve/4 ,b ,job rejects bo? pleas z illusory & immoral1 besides :i*1 !y leave ! frequ5t prosp]ity ( ! unrighte\s unexpla9$4 ,:]e=e1 he asks1 d ! wick$ live1 become old1 yea wax mighty 9 /r5g?8 ,! reply t ! fa!rs hav+ eat5 s\r grapes1 ! *ildr5's tee? w be set on edge1 is1 he cont5ds1 no answ] to ! objection2 x m]ely int5sifies x4 ,= he :o s[s %\ld reap1 & he :o s9s %\ld suff]4 ,aft] dea? ! mo/ t]rible puni%m5t met$ out to ! po/]ity ( crim9als is p[]less to affect _! m\ld]+ du/4 ,t1 surely1 _c be accept$ z a v9dication ( ju/ice1 human or div9e4 ,ye say3 ,god ho>ds puni%m5t = ! *ildr54 ,let him r requite ! wick$ himself t he may feel x6 ,8 own eyes %\ld behold 8 d[nfall1 ,& he himself %\ld dra9 ! ,almighty's wra?4 ,if 8 sons are hon\r$1 he w n "k x2 ,& if di%on\r$1 he w n p]ceive x4 ,only 9 8 own fle% do? he feel pa91 ,& = 8 own s\l w he lam5t4 ,z to ! latt] argum5t1 t ! well-be+ ( ! nation 0 a settlem5t 9 full ( ! individual's claims to happ9ess1 x 0 equally irrelevant1 ev5 _h ! pr9ciple und]ly+ x be5 confirm$ by exp]i5ce4 ,grant+ t a c]ta9 :olesale k9d ( equity 0 adm9i/]$1 :y mu/ ! individual suff] = no fault ( 8 own8 ,:]e9 lies ! ju/ice ( a ,be+ :o1 cr$it$ ) omnipot5ce1 p]mits t by a sweep ( ! wild hurricane ( disa/]1 gre5 leaves ) yell[ mix$ are torn away8 ,b ! cont5tion t1 view+ ! individual m]ely z a unit ( ! aggregate1 ju/ice w\ld be f\nd to be dealt out fairly on ! :ole1 ran c\nt] to exp]i5ce4 ,! facts 7 dead aga9/ x4 ,! ,hebrew nation _h f>$ z badly among neighb\r+ /ates z ,job among 8 fri5ds & c\ntrym54 ,9 ?is respect ! sorely tri$ individual 0 ! type ( 8 nation4 ,! de/ruction ( ! k+dom ( ,sam>ia :i* _h occurr$ ne>ly two hundr$ ye>s be=e & ! captivity ( ,judah1 :i* 0 n yet at an end1 gave its dea?-bl[ to ! !ory4 ,! t5ts ( robb]s prosp] & !y t provoke ,%addai#i are secure4 ,9 tru?1 !re 0 b "o issue out ( ! difficulty3 div9e ju/ice might n be b\nd$ by "t or space2 ! law ( comp5sation might h a l>g] field ?an our e>? = its ar5a2 a future life might af=d "t & opportunity to "r ! wrongs ( ! pres5t1 & all end well 9 ! be/ ( future worlds4 ,?is explanation w\ld h set d\bts at re/ & settl$ ! "q = at lea/ two ?\s& ye>s2 & x seem$ su* a necess>y po/ulate to ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 :o view$ ! matt] 9 ! light ( ,*ri/ian revelation1 t !y actually put into ,job's m\? ! words :i* he w\ld h utt]$ _h he liv$ 9 _! own days & be5 a memb] ( ! true fold4 ,& !y effect$ ?is ) a pi\s recklessness ( arti/ic results & ( elem5t>y logic t speaks bett] = _! int5tions ?an = _! ae/hetic ta/e4 ,9 tru?1 ,job kn[s absolutely no?+ ( a future life1 & 8 fri5ds1 equally un5light5$1 see no?+ = x b to disc\rse wick$ly = ,god1 & utt] lies on ,8 behalf4#aj ,!re 01 9 fact1 no ?ird c\rse4 ,inde$1 if ! h]o or 8 fri5ds _h ev5 suspect$ ! possibility ( a solution bas$ ^u a life beyond ! tomb1 ! problem on :i* ! book is f\nd$ w\ld n h exi/$4 ,to gr\nd1 !re=e1 ! doctr9es ( ! ,resurrection1 ! ,atonem5t1 c41 ^u alleg$ passages ( ! poem ( ,job is tantam\nt to inf]r+ ! squ>5ess ( a circle f its p]fect rotundity4 ,9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion ( ! ,bible ! fam\s v]ses1 :i* h probably play$ a m important "p 9 ! intellectual hi/ory ( mank9d ?an all ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t put toge!r1 run ?us3 ,= ,i "k t my r$eem] live?1 & t he %all /& at ! latt] day ^u ! e>?3 & ?\gh aft] my sk9 worms de/roy ?is body1 yet 9 my fle% %all ,i see ,god3 :om ,i %all see = myself1 & m9e eyes %all behold1 & n ano!r2 ?\gh my re9s be consum$ )9 me4#aa ,n[ ?is1 x is h>dly necess>y to say1 is n a translation f ! poem nor f any kn[n text ( x1 b ! embodim5t ( ! salut>y beliefs ( well-int5tion$ !ologians--( ,/4 ,j]ome among o!rs-- mom5t>ily =getful ( ! passage3 ,w ye speak wick$ly = ,god8 ,! ,*ri/ian conception ( a ,r$eem] w\ld1 _h he b kn[n x1 h prov$ balm to ! he>t ( ! despair+ h]o4 ,z a matt] ( m]e fact1 8 own hope at t critical mom5t 0 less sublime & v mu* less ,*ri/ian3 ! com+ ( an av5g] :o w\ld puni% 8 enemies & rehabilitate 8 "n4 ,x 0 ! "o worldly & va9 long+ t /ill b\nd him to ! e>?4 ,o!r p dem&$ happ9ess z _! rew>d = virtue1 too (t5 undi/+ui%able f vice2 ,job *all5g$ ! express approval ( ! ,deity1 ask$ only t he %\ld n be conf\nd$ ) vulg> s9n]s4 ,! typical p]fect man1 /ruck d[n ) a loa?some disease1 doom$ to a horrible dea?1 alone 9 8 mis]y1 d]id$ by 8 enemies1 &1 worse ?an all1 loa!d z a common crim9al by ^? ne> & de> to him1 gives 8 fri5ds & enemies1 society & !ologians1 ! lie emphatic--nay1 he goes ! l5g? ( affirm+ t ,god ,himself has1 fail$ 9 ,8 duty t[>ds him4 ,"k1 !n1 t ,god ha? wrong$ me4#ab ,8 consci5ce1 h[ev]1 tells him t inasmu* z !re is su* a ?+ z et]nal ju/ice1 a "t w come :5 ! tru? w be proclaim$ & 8 hon\r fully v9dicat$2 ,%addai w !n ye>n = ! "w ( ,8 h&s1 b x w be too late1 ,= n[ ,i mu/ lay myself d[n 9 ! du/2 & ,?\ %alt seek me1 b ,i %all n be4 ,& x is to ?is conviction1 n to a belief 9 future retribution1 t ! h]o gives utt]ance 9 ! memorable passage 9 "q3 ,b ,i "k t my av5g] live?1 ,?\gh x be at ! end ^u my du/2 ,my witness w av5ge ^! ?+s1 ,& a curse alight ^u m9e enemies4 ,he kn[s no?+ :atev] ( ! subsi/5ce ( our cumbr\s clods ( clay aft] !y h become ! food ( worms & pismires2 inde$1 he is absolutely c]ta9 t by ! sleep ( dea? we end ,! he>ta*e1 & ! ?\s& natural %ocks ,t fle% is heir to4 ,& he emphasises 8 views 9 a way t %\ld h giv5 food = :olesome reflection to 8 comm5tators4 ,!re is a future = ! tree1 ,& hope rema9e? to ! palm2 ,cut d[n1 x w spr\t aga91 ,& its t5d] bran* w n cease4 ,?\gh its roots wax old 9 ! e>?1 ,& its /ock lie buri$ 9 m\ld1 ,yet ?r\gh vap\r ( wat] w x bud1 ,& put =? b\ghs l a plant4 ,b man die? & lie? out/ret*$2 ,he give? up ! gho/1 :]e is he !n8 ,he lie? d[n & rise? n up2 ,till heav5 be no m he %all n awake4#ac ,no?+ c\ld well be fur!r remov$ f ! com=t+ hope ( a future life1 ! resurrection ( ! body1 & et]nal rew>ds1 ?an ?is un%ak5 belief t ,dea? is our sole r$eem] f ! t]rible evils ( life4 ,footnotes3 #c ,al?\gh ! =m] 0 a ,jew & ! latt] a ,g5tile4 #d ,cf4 ,translation1 /rophe ci43 ,is n ! s\l ( e liv+ ?+ 9 8 h&1 ,& ! brea? ( all mank9d8 ,/rophe civ43 ,) him is /r5g? & wisdom1 ,! err+ "o & 8 error are 84 #e ,/rophe cxcii4-cxciii43 ,look ^u me & tremble1 ,& lay y\r h& ^u y\r m\?6 ,:5 ,i rememb] ,i am dismay$1 ,& trembl+ take? hold on my fle%4 ,/rophe ccxxi43 ,:y d ! times ( judgm5t dep5d ^u ! ,almighty1 ,& yet !y :o "k him d n see 8 days8 #f ,/rophe ccxxxiv4 #g ,/rophe lxxxix4 #h ,! err+ "o & 8 error are 8 7,god's73 /rophe civ4 ,cf4 also /rophe cvii4 #i ,god4 #aj ,/rophe cxi4 #aa ,job xix4 #be-bg4 ,! ,revis$ ,v]sion gives ! passage z foll[s3 ,b ,i "k t my r$eem] live?1 & t he %all /& up at ! la/ ^u ! e>?3 & aft] my sk9 ha? be5 ?us de/roy$1 yet f my fle% %all ,i see ,god3 :om ,i %all see = myself1 & m9e eyes %all behold1 & n ano!r4 #ab ,/rophe clxix4 #ac ,job1 /rophes cxxiv4-cxxvi4 ( my ,engli% translation4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,job',s ,,me?od ,,( ,,solv+ ,,! ,,problem ,x is p]haps h>dly necess>y to po9t out t ! doctr9e ( et]nal pa9s & rew>ds z laid d[n by ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1 unless re9=c$ by fai?1 nei!r solves ! problem nor simplifies x4 ,if ! tru? mu/ be told1 x seems to un5light5$ reason to entangle x m hopelessly ?an be=e4 ,9 simple t]ms & 9 its broade/ aspect ! "q may be /at$ z foll[s3 ,god creat$ man "u conditions ( ,8 own *oos+ :i* necess>ily l$ to ! life-long mis]y ( c\ntless millions ^u e>? & _! nev]-end+ torm5ts 9 hell4 ,to ! "q1 ,did ,he "k ! inevitable effect ( ,8 creative act1 ! answ] is1 ,god is omnisci5t4 ,to ! qu]y1 ,c\ld ,he h select$ o!r & m humane conditions ( exi/5ce = ,8 creature--conditions s adju/$ t1 ei!r ) or )\t probation1 man w\ld h be5 ultimately happy8 ! reply is1 ,god is almighty4 ,involunt>ily1 !n1 ! "q =ces itself ^u u1 ,is ,he all-good8 ,c t ,be+ be deem$ good :o1 mov$ by no necessity1 free to create or to ab/a9 f creat+1 at lib]ty to create = happ9ess or = mis]y1 calls mank9d into exi/5ce "u su* conditions & surr\nd+s t myriads are mis]able1 s unutt]ably mis]able1 t1 comp>$ ) _! tortures1 ! wret* ble$+ & quiv]+ on ! :eel is loll+ 9 ! lap ( enjoym5t8 ,:y did ,god make man "u su* conditions8 ,or at lea/ h[ are we to reconcile ,8 hav+ done s ) ,8 attribute ( goodness8 ,to ?is "q !re are _m replies b no answ]1 ! =m] be+ m]ely attempts to expla9 ! *ronic effects ( ! primordial e?ical poison commonly call$ orig9al s94 ,job's ma9 objection to ! !ological !ories 9 vogue among 8 contempor>ies1 &1 inde$1 to all conceivable explanations ( ! difficulty1 is f> m weighty ?an at fir/ sight appe>s4 ,ev]y?+1 he tells u--if any?+--is ! "w ( ,god's h&s2 & z pa91 suff]+1 evil1 are ev]y:]e pr$om9ant1 x is n easy to und]/& 9 :at s5se ,god c be said to be good4 ,! poet does n =mulate ! argum5t1 ( :i* ?is is ! gi/1 9 v precise t]ms1 nor press x home to its la/ conclusions4 ,b he leaves no d\bt ab\t 8 mean+4 ,"s m5 are relatively good by nature1 o!rs wick$2 b all m5 7 creat$ by ,god & act 9 accordance ) ! disposition !y receiv$ f ,him4 ,if t disposition or "* br\ght =? s9 & evil1 ^! !n are ,god's "w1 n man's1 & ,he alone is responsible !re=4 ,! individual :o p]=ms an act ?r\gh an ag5t is rightly deem$ to h done x himself4 ,a man1 !re=e1 :o1 be+ free to d a c]ta9 ?+ or to leave x undone1 & p]fectly aw>e ( ! nature ( its necess>y consequ5ces1 p]=ms x1 is held to be answ]able = ! results1 %\ld !y prove mis*iev\s4 ,mu* great] is 8 responsibility if1 in/ead ( be+ re/rict$ to ! *oice betwe5 und]tak+ a "w c]ta9 to prove p]nici\s & ab/a9+ f x1 he 0 free to select a ?ird c\rse & to accompli% x 9 su* a way t ! result w\ld n be evil1 b unmix$ good4 ,9 ?is case x w\ld h>dly seem possible to exon]ate ! do] f a *>ge ( wanton malice1 diabolic 9 degree4 ,& su* is ! position 9 :i* _m !ologians seem--to ^? :o view ?+s 9 ! light ( reason--to h plac$ ,god ,himself4 ,x 0 op5 to ,him1 !y ma9ta91 to create or to refra9 f creat+4 ,hav+ decl>$ = ! =m] alt]native1 ,he is *>geable ) ! consequ5ces4 ,! consequ5ces1 h[ev]1 ne$ n h be5 evil2 ,he might1 _h ,he s will$ x1 h end[$ ,8 creature ) su* qualities & plac$ him 9 su* surr\nd+s t1 )\t ceas+ to be man1 he w\ld nev] h fall5 at all4 ,yet x did n please ,him to adopt t c\rse4 ,?is admission1 rationali/s urge1 is conclusive z to ! orig9 ( s9 & evil4 ,b ! argum5ts are n yet exhau/$4 ,ev5 !n ! ,creator might h made ev]y?+ "r by an act :i* x seems impossible to di/+ui% f elem5t>y ju/ice4 ,_h ,he reg>d$ ! fir/ man :o br\ght s9 into ! _w z a m]e individual1 & treat$ him z su*--& ?is1 !ologians assure u1 ,he c\ld easily h done#ad--;,he might h puni%$ him z an individual1 & ! matt] w\ld h be5 at an end4 ,b in/ead ( ?is1 ,he contemplat$ him z ! type & repres5tative ( ! human race1 & decre$ t 8 s9 %\ld1 l a subtle spiritual poison1 infect ! s\l ( e man com+ into ! _w4 ,9 o!r words1 ,god1 :o is suppos$ to hate evil s pr(\ndly t ,he damns = ev] 9 hell a man guilty ( "o s+le mortal transgression1 enact$ t if "o s9 7 committ$ x %\ld be ne$lessly made to eng5d] myriads ( o!r s9s1 & t ! t9y se$ ( evil :i* 0 fir/ ?r[n ^u ! e>? by ,8 creature 9 a mom5t ( p>donable weakness1 & might h s easily be5 trampl$ out1 %\ld take root1 spr\t up & gr[ into a va/ ,upas tree ^: poison\s bran*es ov]%ad[ all creation4 ,?is proposition1 x is cont5d$1 explicitly taxes ,god1 if n ) ! sole au?or%ip ( s9 & evil1 at lea/ ) ! moral responsibility = propagat+ x4 ,& ?is is ! prevail+ view among mod]n apologi/s4 ,z to ! orig9 ( evil1 x is to be s\ght =1 !ologians h discov]$1 9 ! free w ) :i* ,god end[$ man4 ,?is1 !y allege1 %ifts all ! responsibility on ! human creature because1 in/ead ( evil1 he might h *os5 good4 ,un=tunately1 ! same argum5t w\ld seem to apply to ! ,creator ,himself4#ae ,he1 too1 be+ omnipot5t1 might h *os5 good in/ead ( evil subjects1 & creat$ human be+s ^: acts w\ld h be5 blameless & virtu\s1 _! w rema9+ :at x is4 ,fur!r1 n hav+ done ?is & hav+ ne$lessly all[$ an abyss to be made by s9 betwe5 ,himself & ! fir/ man1 x 0 /ill op5 to ,him to h ab/a9$ f wid5+ x until x became an impassable gulf betwe5 ,himself & ! entire human race4 ,b ,he did n ab/a92 in/ead ( localis+1 ,he delib]ately & wantonly spread ! evil1 & ! ru9 t ov]:elm$ all mank9d _c !re=e be said to h sprung f ! w ( ! race1 b f ,8 own4 ,aga91 ! int]position ( a free w betwe5 ,god & evil1 x is urg$1 af=ds no real solution ( ! problem1 = ! "q /ill rema9s1 :y 7 ! work+s ( t free w evil & n good8 ,obvi\sly because su* 0 its ,god-creat$ nature2 = ! action ( outw>d circum/ances ^u ! w nei!r builds up nor modifies ?is nature1 b simply discloses x to our view4 ,^! ideas 7 adopt$1 develop$ & def5d$ by a few ( ! mo/ pr(\nd ,*ri/ian philosoph]s ( ! e>ly ,*ur*1 & mo/ ably ( all by ,scotus ,erig5a1#af :o held t ! orig9 ( evil :i* _c be s\ght = 9 ,god mu/ n be plac$ 9 ! free w ( man1 because ! latt] hypo!sis w\ld /ill leave ! responsibility ) ! ,creator1 ! human w be+ ,8 own h&iwork4 ,at ! root ( ?is argum5t lies yet ano!r consid]ation ^u :i* unbeliev+ ?9k]s rely /ill m3 x is drawn f ! alleg$ incompatibility betwe5 ! conception ( a creat$ be+ & free w1 & w be notic$ pres5tly4 ,x is commonly reg>d$ z ! pr9cipal difficulty :i* ,!i/s & ,pan!i/s are condemn$ cont9ually to enc\nt] )\t ev] be+ able to expla9--! rock1 s to say1 ^u :i* _! optimi/ic sy/ems /rike1 & are %att]$ to pieces--unless protect$ by ! arm\r ( sup]natural fai?4 ,b besides ! ,*ri/ian & ,pan!i/ic !ories1 !re is ano!r explanation ( ! orig9 ( evil (f]$ by ! religion ( m ?an "o-?ird ( ! human race4 ,x is a !ory :i* c readily be labell$ & libell$ by ! mo/ unphilosophical read]1 b _c be grasp$ & appreciat$ )\t s]i\s /udy & reflection by ! mo/ intellig5t1 = x is bas$ ^u ! doctr9e t "t1 space & causality h no exi/5ce outside ! human m9d4#ag ,! _w :i* we see & "k1 !re=e1 & ev]y?+ x conta9s is su* /uff z dreams are made (--! wo( & w>p be+ evolv$ f1 & int]wov5 by1 our own m9ds4 ,und]ly+ ! innum]able illusive appe>ances :i* we call ! _w is a reality1 a be+ or =ce :i* is "o4 ,we & ev]y?+ else are b manife/ations1 9 "t & space1 ( ?is "o reality ) :i*1 h[ev]1 ea* & e "o ( u is at bottom id5tical & ^: sole attribute is unity4 ,?is =ce or w manife/s itself 9 myriads ( facets1 s to say1 9 ! univ]se1 & ^! manife/ations are n good1 con/itute1 inde$1 a sort ( fall4 ,intellig5ce is n "o ( ! prim>y attributes ( ?is et]nal w4 ,x atta9$ to cle> consci\sness & k only 9 man & !n = ! fir/ "t p]ceiv$ t ! exi/5ce = :i* x ye>n$ is evil & n good4 ,man !re=e is 8 own "w2 & exi/5ce1 z x con/itutes a fall1 is its own puni%m5t2 = 8 life is a s]ies ( inane desires :i*1 :5 mom5t>ily satiat$1 are imm$iately succe$$ by o!rs equally va91 fruitless & holl[1 & ! cessation ( desire is ! beg9n+ ( t$ium :i* is (t5times /ill less endurable1 see+ t x leaves little room = hope4 ,life :i* ye prize is long-drawn agony2 ,only its pa9s abide1 its pleasures are ,z birds :i* light & fly4 ,e wi% spr+s f want :i* causes pa91 ! atta9m5t ( ! wi%$-= object--commonly call$ pleasure--is b ! cessation ( t pa93 9 o!r words x is a m]e negation4 ,man's life is a nev]-end+ oscillation betwe5 pleasure & pa93 ! =m] m]e illusion1 ! latt] a dread reality4 ,! orig9 ( ?is & ( all o!r evil is individual exi/5ce1 & individual exi/5ce is ! free act ( ! "o sub/ance or =ce :i* is id5tical ) ea* & all ( u4 ,?is !ory excludes creation4 ,= free w is utt]ly incompatible ) ! /ate ( a creat$ be+2#ah because op]>i sequitur esse--i4e41 ! op]ation1 ! work+ ( e be+1 mu/ be ! necess>y result ( its qualities :i* are !mselves kn[n only by ! acts !y br+ =?4 ,if ^! acts be praisewor?y1 ! qualities are good3 if repreh5sible1 !y are bad4 ,b if ! acts are to be free1 !y %\ld be nei!r good nor bad4 ,a be+ !re=e to be p]fectly free %\ld h no qualities at all--i4e41 %\ld n be creat$4 ,= x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t x is n ! motives t imp>t to ! w its e?ical quality4 ,motives are accid5tal & op]ate 9 ! same way z ! rays ( ! sun fall+ ^u a tree or a fl[]3 !y reveal ! nature ( ! object b are p[]less to *ange x1 = bett] or = worse4#ai ,b if ?is be s1 "o may ask1 :y d we feel sorr[1 %ame1 rep5tance = acts :i* we 7 n free to p]=m or ab/a9 f p]=m+8 ,because we are metaphysically free1 t is to say1 our inborn disposition f :i* !y necess>ily emanate1 is ! "w ( our free w1 :i* specific acts are n4 ,no d\bt1 :5 we d "r or wrong1 we are consci\s t we might h act$ diff]5tly--_h we will$ x4 ,b ?is proves no?+2 ! all-important "q be+1 c\ld we1 "u ! circum/ances1 h will$ o!rwise ?an we did8 ,& to ?is ! reply is an emphatic negative4 ,b = our p]sonal "*1 be x good or evil1 we are answ]able1 & !re=e likewise = ! acts t fl[ f x ) ! rigor\s necessity *>act]i/ic ( all causality4 ,= individuality 9 ! human race is id5tical ) "*1 & z individuality is ! "w ( our own free w ex]cis$ outside ! realm ( "t & space1 we are responsible = x1 & consci\s ( ! responsibility1 al?\gh n ( ! mann] 9 :i* x 0 incurr$4 ,our acts1 !re=e1 & !y only1 %[ u :at we really are2 our suff]+s :at we des]ve4 ,! =m] are ! necess>y outcome ( our "* :i* ext]nal circum/ances1 9 ! guise ( motives1 call into play2 j z gravitation is act$ ^u :5 we %ake an apple (f ! tree4 ,our de$s !n be+ ! inevitable resultant ( t self-creat$ "* act$ ^u by motives1 mu/ consequ5tly foll[ ) ! same necessity z any o!r l9k 9 ! *a9 ( cause & effect4 ,! k ( our "* & ! =ekn[l$ge ( ^! outw>d ev5ts :i*1 9 ! unbrok5 *a9 ( cause & effect1 act ^u x1 w\ld suffice to enable u to =esee our future z readily z a/ronom]s =esee eclipses ( ! sun & moon4 ,n[ if ! root ( all evil be individuality1 ! ess5ce ( all morality is self-d5ial2 & no act p]=m$ = ! purpose ( obta9+ happ9ess1 temporal or et]nal1 is moral4 ,! evil & pa91 !re=e1 :i* befall u ^u e>? _c be reg>d$ z ! retribution = ! de$s done 9 ?is life2 = ^! are necess>y & inevitable4 ,!y are ! fruits ( our "* :5ce ^! acts emanate2 & x is only our "* :i* is our own "w4 ,) ! e?ical nature ( t "* ea* individual gradually gr[s acqua9t$ z well 9 8 own case z 9 t ( 8 neighb\r's1 solely f a /udy ( 8 own acts1 :i* (t5 a/oni% himself q z mu* z 8 fri5ds4 ,brahmanism & ,buddhism symboliz$ ^! notions 9 ! some:at gross b only intelligible =m 9 :i* ! m9d c readily grasp !m1 viz41 9 ! dogma ( ! transmigration ( s\ls1 accord+ to :i* a man's good de$s & bad foll[ him l 8 %ad[ f "o exi/5ce to ano!r1 & 9 ?is life he expiates ! s9s or enjoys ! fruits ( a previ\s exi/5ce3#bj ,ea* man's life ,! outcome ( 8 =m] liv+ is2 ,! bygone wrongs br+ =? sorr[s & woes1 ,! bygone "r bre$s bliss4 ,t :i* ye s[ ye reap4 ,see yond] fields6 ,! sesamum 0 sesamum1 ! corn ,0 corn4 ,! ,sil5ce & ! ,d>kness knew6 ,s is man's fate born4 ,9 ! =m] religion1 ,brahma1 :o is id5tical ) all ( u1 produces ! _w by a k9d ( fall f 8 primeval /ate & rema9s !re9 until he has r$eem$ himself4 ,9 ! latt] !re is no god2 man be+ 8 own h&iwork & s9 & evil ! result ( 8 bl9d /riv+ aft] individual exi/5ce4 ,x is h[ev] 9 8 p[]1 & 9 8 alone1 to "r ! wrong & rem$y ! evil1 by />v+ out ! fatal hung] = life4 ,& 9 ?is "w1 fai?1 supplication & sacrifice avail him no?+4 ,pray n6 ! ,d>kness w n bright56 ,ask ,n\ght f ! ,sil5ce1 = x _c speak6 ,vex n y\r m\rnful m9ds ) pi\s pa9s6 ,ah1 bro!rs1 si/]s6 seek ,naught f ! helpless gods by gift & hymn1 ,nor bribe ) blood1 nor fe$ ) fruits & cake2 ,)9 y\rself deliv]ance mu/ be s\ght3 ,ea* man 8 prison makes4 ,! e?ical be>+ ( ?is view is m easily disc]n$ ?an its metaphysical basis4 ,individual exi/5ce ) its tantalis+ mirage ( pleasures be+ ! root ( all evil1 ! fir/ /ep t[>ds f9d+ a rem$y is to recognise ?is tru?1 to obta9 insight into ! he>t ( ?+s a?w>t ! veil ( ,maya or delusion4 ,! conviction t all be+s are n m]ely bro!rs b "o & ! same ess5ce1 is ! dea? ( egoti/ic desire1 ( ! p]nici\s di/9ction betwe5 me & !e1 & ! bir? ( pity1 love & sympa?y = all m54 ,& ?is is a v old doctr9e4 ,9 ,india x 0 taught 9 ! ,v$a & ! ,v$anta "u ! =mula tat tvam asi--?\ art ?is--i4e41 individual diff]s n ess5tially f individual1 nor a man f ! :ole human race4 ,he :o obta9s ?is insight & p]ceives h[ sorr[ is %ad[ to life1 :o weans 8 ?ir/ = exi/5ce1 seeks n1 /rives n1 wrongs n1 />ves out 8 passions1 resigns himself :olly to pa9 & suff]+ z to ills t fl[ f =egone wrongfulness & asks = no clue f ! ,sil5ce :i* c utt] naught1 he is truly bless$ & releas$ f all mis]y =ev]4 ,he glides lifeless to nameless quiet1 nameless joy1 bless$ ,nirvana4 ,x is probable1 n to say c]ta91 t x 0 an intuition ( ?is k9d t f9ally reconcil$ ,job ) ! grey monotony ( mis]y & seem+ inju/ice :i* *>act]ises all human exi/5ce & enabl$ him to resign himself *e]fully to :atev] might befall4 ,?is at lea/ w\ld seem to be ! only reasonable con/ruction ( :i* ,jahveh's app>ition & disc\rse are susceptible4 ,t !y are resort$ to by ! poet solely z an image & symbol ( ! inn] illum9ation ( 8 h]o's intellect1 is evid5t to mo/ read]s4 ,no?+ t ,jahveh has to disclose to ,job & 8 ?ree fri5ds ev5 remotely resembles a clue to ! problem t ex]cis$ !m4 ,! human m9d w\ld be unable to grasp a solution if any exi/$1 = x possesses no =ms 9 :i* to appreh5d x4 ,?is w soon become app>5t ev5 to ! non-philosophical read] :o endeav\rs to reason ab\t a /ate 9 :i* "t1 space1 & causality h no exi/5ce4 ,b !re is no solution4 ,jahveh virtually asks1 z ,buddha _h ask$ be=e3 ,%all any gaz] see ) mortal eyes1 ,or any se>*] "k ) mortal m9d8 ,veil aft] veil w lift--b !re mu/ be ,veil ^u veil beh9d4 ,unless we assume "s su* sudd5 illum9ation ( ! m9d z ,buddha obta9$ "u ! %ad[ ( ! fig-tree & ! au?or ( ! #gcrd ,psalm among ! ru9s ( ! k+dom ( ,juda1 x is impossible to acc\nt = ,job's un=ese5 & entire resignation1 or to br+ 8 =m] defiant utt]ances into h>mony ) ! humble s5tim5ts to :i* he n[ gives expression4 ,= no?+ b 8 m9d _h mean:ile und]gone a *ange4 ,all ! elem5ts ( ! problem rema9$ :at !y 74 ,! evils t _h fir$ 8 indignation 7 n d5i$ by _! presumptive au?or1 nor 0 any explanation ( !m v\*saf$ to him4 ,no rem$y 0 promis$ 9 ?is life1 no hope held out ( r$ress 9 a possible _w to come4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,jahveh confirms ! t]rible facts alleg$ by ,8 s]vant2 ,he admits t pleasure & pa9 are n ! me$ ( de$s done ^u e>?1 & t ! explanation we seek1 ! light we s wi/fully long =1 w nev] come2 = human exi/5ce is n a d>k spot 9 an ocean ( dazzl+ spl5d\r1 b a w'-o'-!-wisp t m]ely int5sifies ! murk9ess ( ev]la/+ ,night4 ,moreov]1 ,job 0 deta*$ f ! _w already4 ,he _h ov]come all 8 passions & kept ev5 8 legitimate affections "u control4 ,he _h no ^w ( regret on los+ 8 cattle1 8 possessions1 8 *ildr54 ,dur+ 8 mo/ exquisite suff]+s1 he decl>$ t he held only to 8 good "n4 ,?is1 too1 he n[ gives up & dem&+ no?+1 av]s t he is satisfi$4 ,i resign & console myself4 ,?\gh x be 9 du/ & a%es4 ,complete deta*m5t f exi/5ce1 & n = ! sake ( "s o!r & bett] exi/5ce 7= !re is none7 is ! practical outcome ( ,job's intuition4 ,b 9 a ,god-creat$ _w made = ! delectation ( mank9d1 to =ego its pleasures w\ld be to (f5d ! ,creator1 if inde$ />k madness c\ld k9dle ,8 ire4 ,b to curb "o's ?ir/ = life & to spurn its joys because "o holds !m to be ! tap root ( all evil1 is an action at once intelligible & wise4 ,& ?is is :at ,job evid5tly does :5 he practises difficult virtues & und]goes t]rible suff]+s )\t ! consci\sness ( pa/ guilt or ! fa9te/ hope ( future recomp5se4 ,z ,buddha taught 8 foll[]s3 ,:5 ! disciple has lo/ all d\bt z to ! reality ( suff]+2 :5 8 d\bts z to ! orig9 ( suff]+ are dispell$2 :5 he is no long] unc]ta9 z to ! possibility ( annihilat+ suff]+ & :5 he hesitates no m ab\t ! way t leads to ! annihilation ( suff]+3 !n is he call$ a holy disciple1 "o :o is 9 ! /ream t fl[e? onw>ds to p]fection1 "o :o is deliv]$ f evil1 :o is gu>ante$1 :o is devot$ to ! highe/ tru?4#ba ,footnotes3 #ad ,"o ( ! be/ accr$it$ expon5ts ( ?is !ory1 :i* is n[ g5]ally accept$ by ,ca?olic div9es1 is ,fa!r 7n[ ,c>d9al7 ,mazella4 #ae ,& ,job m ?an once applies x4 #af ,cf4 ,editio ,pr9ceps1 ,ox=d1 #afha1 p4 #bhg4 #ag ,_m pi\s ,*ri/ians :o sc(f at su* emotions1 )\t endeav\r+ to und]/& !m1 w\ld d well to rememb] t :atev] tru? !re is 9 ! dogma ( ! immorality ( ! s\l1 is dep5dant ^u ?is proposition1 t "t1 space1 & ! law ( casuality h no real exi/5ce :atev]1 b are m]ely ! furniture ( ! human m9d--! =ms 9 :i* x appreh5ds4 ,z "t exi/s only 9 our consci\sness1 & z beg9n+ & end c take place only 9 "t1 !y c affect only our consci\sness1 :i* ends 9 dea?1 b n our s\ls1 :i* are di/9ct f m9d & consci\sness4 #ah ,job1 :o reject$ all second>y causes :atev]1 c\ld n 9 logic1 & did n 9 fact1 believe 9 free w z x is commonly und]/ood 9 our days4 #ai ,cf4 ,matt4 xii4 #cc-ce4 #bj ,ev5 ! ,bible is n :olly devoid ( traces ( ! same symbol employ$ to convey ! same ideas2 cf4 ,matt4 xi4 #ad1 ,john ix4 #b1 = ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & ,ps4 xc4 #c = ! ,old4 ,! app>5t inn] absurdity ( ! doctr9e ( ! transmigration ( s\ls arises ma9ly f our inability to grasp & realise ! two propositions :i* x presupposes--viz41 t !re is no su* ?+ z "t outside ( ! human m9d1 & !re=e no pa/ or future2 &1 secondly1 t s\l is b individualis$ w mom5t>ily illum9$ by ! intellect :i* is a function ( ! bra94 ,metempsy*osis 0 orig9ally no m ?an a symbol4 #ba ,samyuttaka-,nikayo1 vol4 iii4 *ap4 iii4 p4 #bd4 ,cf4 ,dr4 ,k4 ,e4 ,neumann's ,buddhi/is*e ,an?ologie1 ,leid51 #ahib1 p4 #bjd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,date ,,( ,,! ,,composition ,! "q :i* frequ5tly ex]cis$ ! +5uity ( =m] comm5tators1 :e!r ! poem ( ,job is ! "w ( "o or ( _m au?ors1 has no long] any actuality4 ,x is absolutely c]ta9 t ! book1 z we f9d x 9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion1 & ev5 9 ! be/ ,hebrew manuscripts1 is a mosaic put toge!r by a numb] ( writ]s widely diff]+ 9 _! !ological views & sep>at$ f ea* o!r by :ole c5turies2 & x is equally und\bt$ t1 re/or$ to its orig9al =m1 x is a poem r\nd & p]fect z a />--! ma/]piece ( "o ( ! mo/ gift$ arti/s ( 8 own or any age4 ,to ! inquiry :]e he liv$ & wrote1 num]\s t5tative replies h be5 (f]$ b no f9al answ]4 ,to _m he is ! la/ ( ! v5]able race ( patri>*s1 & 8 v]se ! sweet1 sublime lisp+ ( a *ildlike nature1 disport+ itself 9 ! glori\s morn+ ( ! _w4#bb ,?is1 h[ev]1 is b a pretty fancy1 :i* w n /& ! ordeal ( sci5tific criticism1 nor ev5 ! te/ ( a c>eful common-s5se exam9ation4 ,! broad] problems t int]e/ ?9k+ m9ds ( a late & reflective age1 ! pr(\nd] feel+s & m ambiti\s aspirations ( manhood & maturity1 are writ l>ge 9 e v]se ( ! poem4 ,! lyre gives out true1 full notes1 :i* !re is no mi/ak+4 ,! h]o is evid5tly a travell$ cosmopolitan1 :o has outgr[n ! n>r[ prejudices ( petty patriotism & national religi\s cre$s to su* an ext5t t he /udi\sly es*ews ! use ( ! reveal$ "n ( ! ,god ( 8 p1 & seems to believe at mo/ 9 a f>-away & incompreh5sible div9ity :o sometimes m]ges into ,fate4 ,9 ! ,god ( !ologians he _h no fai?4 ,8 com=t]s1 :o f ! utt]mo/ ends ( ! e>? meet toge!r 9 a mo/ unpatri>*al mann] to discuss ! high] problems ( philosophy1 allude to ! views 9 vogue 9 ! patri>*al age z to traditions ( bygone days be=e ! influ5ce ( =eign invad]s _h ta9t$ ! purity ( ! national fai?2 & passages l xii4 #ag1 xv4 #ai1 seem to po9t to ! captivity ( ! ,hebrew p z an accompli%$ fact4 ,9 a ^w1 ! /rict mono!ism ( ! h]o1 :i* at times bord]s ^u half-disguis$ secul>ism1 has no?+ 9 common ) ! wor%ip ( ! patri>*s except ! abs5ce ( prie/s & ! lack ( c]emonies4 ,! language ( ! poem1 flav\r$ by a /rong mixture ( ,arabic & ,aramaic words & phrases1 & ! frequ5t use ( imag]y borr[$ f ,babylonian my?ology1 to say no?+ ( a numb] ( o!r signs & tok5s ( a comp>atively late age1 r5d] ! patri>*al hypo!sis absolutely unt5able4#bc ,?is1 at lea/1 is "o ( ! few results ( mod]n rese>* ab\t :i* !re is p]fect unanimity among all compet5t s*ol>s4 ,if ! date ( ! composition ( ,job _c be fix$ ) any approa* to accuracy1 !re are at lea/ c]ta9 broad limits )9 :i* x is agre$ on all h&s t x %\ld be plac$4 ,?is p]iod is compris$ betwe5 ! prophetic activity ( ,j]emiah & ! second half ( ! ,babylonian ,exile4 ,! consid]ations ^u :i* ?is op9ion is gr\nd$ are drawn ma9ly1 if n exclusively1 f au!ntic passages ( ,job :i* ! au?or presumably borr[$ f o!r books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,?us a comp>ison ( ! v]ses 9 :i* ! h]o curses ! day ( 8 bir?#bd ) an id5tical mal$iction 9 ,j]emiah 7xx4 #ad-ae71 & ( ! respective circum/ances 9 :i* ea* 0 writt51 leads to ! conviction t ! borr[] 0 n ! prophet ^: writ+s mu/ !re=e h be5 famili> to ! poet4 ,?is conclusion is confirm$ by a some:at f>-fet*$ b none ! less valid argum5t drawn f ! circum/ance t ,ezekiel1#be :o w\ld probably h kn[n ! poem _h x exi/$ 9 8 day1 obvi\sly nev] he>d ( x2 = ?is prophet1 broa*+ ! "q1 app>5tly = ! fir/ "t among 8 c\ntrym51 z to ! ju/ice ( human suff]+1 d5ies po9t blank t any man endures unm]it$ pa91#bf & affirms 9 emphatic t]ms t to ea* "o %all be met$ out rew>d or puni%m5t accord+ to 8 works4#bg ,& ?is he c\ld h>dly h done _h he be5 aw>e ( ! fact t ! contradictory proposition 0 v\*$ = by no less an au?ority ?an ,jahveh ,himself4 ,aga91 x is highly probable1 al?\gh "o w\ld h>dly be ju/ifi$ 9 /at+ x z an e/abli%$ fact1 t c]ta9 /rik+ poetic images clo!d 9 ! same =m ( words 9 ,job & 9 ! ,second ,isaiah1#bh are ! co9age ( ! ri* imag9ation ( ! latt]1#bi f ^: writ+s !y mu/ consequ5tly h be5 tak5 by ! au?or ( ,job4 ,if ?is assumption be correct1 & x is consid]ably /r5g!n$ by collat]al evid5ce1 we %\ld h no *oice b to assign to ! composition ( ! poem a date lat] ?an t ( ! ,second ,isaiah :o wrote betwe5 #edf & #ece ,b4,c4 ,! +5i\s & le>n$ ,g]man critic1 ,dr4 ,cornill1 holds x to be no less ?an two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s y\ng] /ill1 & bases 8 op9ion pr9cipally ^u ! la/ v]se ( ! la/ *apt] ( ! ,book ( ,job1 :]e ! expression 7,job di$7 old & full ( days1 is1 9 8 op9ion1 borr[$ f ! ,prie/s' ,code4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 ne$less to analyse ?is argum5t1 see+ t ! v]se 9 "q 0 want+ 9 ! ,septuag9t#cj v]sion1 & mu/ !re=e be held to be a lat] addition4 ,ano!r "q1 once a sure te/ ( or?odoxy1 ! discussion ( :i* has become equally sup]flu\s to-day1 is to :at ext5t ! n>rative is bas$ ^u hi/orical facts4 ,! second c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople solemnly condemn$ ,!odore1 ,bi%op ( ,mopsue/ia1 "o ( ! mo/ enlight5$ ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 = hav+ advanc$ ! op9ion t ! /ory ( ,job 0 a pi\s fiction & ! doctr9e x embodies irreconcileable ) or?odoxy4 ,x w\ld be ra% to say :at conclusion a c\ncil sitt+ at ! end ( ! n9ete5? c5tury w\ld be likely to arrive at4 ,b x w\ld h>dly f9d fault ) ! majority ( contempor>y critics :o hold t ! prologue & epilogue1 :i* are 9 prose & conta9 9 outl9e ! popul> leg5d ( ,job1 7 ant]ior to ! colloquies betwe5 ! h]o & 8 fri5ds1 be> 9 fact ! same relation to ! poem t ! m$iaeval leg5d ( ,johan ,fau/us does to ! ma/]piece ( ,goe!4 ,& x 0 to ! popul> leg5d1 n to ! poem1 t ,ezekiel allud$ 9 ! passage 9 :i* he in/ances ,job z ! type ( ! j man4 ,b "o mu/ ne$s be end[$ ) a /rong & *ild-l fai? to accept1 9 ! light ( anci5t hi/ory & mod]n sci5ce1 z sob] facts ! famili> conv]sation betwe5 ,jahveh & ! ,adv]s>y 9 ! c\ncil-*amb] ( heav51 ! sudd5 int]v5tion ( ! latt] 9 ! life ( ,job1 ! ease ) :i* he breaks ?r\gh ! *a9 ( causality & b5ds ev5 ! human w to 8 purpose1 ! indec5t ha/e ) :i* he ov]:elms ! j man ) a torr5t ( calamities 9 ! c\rse ( "o %ort day1 ! app>ition ( ,jahveh 9 a /orm-cl\d1 & _m o!r equally improbable details4 ,improbability1 h[ev]1 is ! ma9 feature ( all miracles2 & fai? ne$ n be dismay$ ev5 by ! seem+ly impossible4 ,9 any case :]e x is hopeless to conv9ce1 x is ne$less to discuss1 & if !re /ill be read]s to ^: appreciation ( ! poem belief 9 its hi/orical tru? is absolutely indisp5sable1 x w\ld be cruel to seek to spoil or ev5 less5 _! enjoym5t ( "o ( ! mo/ sublime creations kn[n to any lit]ature ( ! _w4 ,footnotes3 #bb ,"o ( ! ma9 gr\nds = ?is op9ion is ! absolute ignorance ( ! ,mosaic law manife/$ by ! au?or ( ,job4 ,! l9e ( reason+ is t he mu/ h be5 ei!r a ,jew--& 9 t case h liv$ be=e or simultane\sly ) ,moses--or else an ,arab1 l 8 h]o1 & h writt5 ! "w 9 ,arabic1 ,moses himself probably do+ x into ,hebrew4 ,to a ,hebrew s*ol> ?is s\nds z plausible z w\ld ! !sis1 to "o well v]s$ 9 ,greek1 t ! ,iliad is b a translation f ! ,sanscrit4 ,! ,talmud makes ,job n[ a contempor>y ( ,david & ,solomon1 n[ :olly d5ies 8 exi/5ce4 ,j]ome1 & "s ,roman ,ca?olic !ologians ( to-day1 id5tify ! au?or ( ! poem ) ,moses himself1 a view 9 fav\r ( :i* n a %r$ ( argum5t c be adduc$4 ,cf4 ,loisy1 ,le ,livre de ,job1 ,p>is1 #ahib1 p4 #cg2 ,reuss1 ,hiob41 ,brauns*weig1 #ahhh1 pp4 #h ff4 #bc ,! subject ( ! date & place ( composition has be5 treat$ by ,cornill1 ,e9leitung 9 das ,alte ,te/am5t1 #bce fol41 by ,pr(4 ,duhm1 ,! ,book ( ,job 7cf4 ,! ,new ,_w1 ,june1 #ahid71 & o!rs4 ,b ! mo/ lucid1 ma/]ly1 & dispassionate discussion ( ! subject is to be f\nd 9 ,pr(4 ,*eyne's ,job & ,solomon1 *aps4 viii4-xii4 #bd ,job ,a4,v4 iii4 #c-aj4 #be #eib-egb ,b4,c4 #bf ,ezek4 xviii4 #b1 #c4 #bg ,ibid4 #d-i4 #bh ,! ,second ,isaiah is ! "n n[ usually giv5 to ! unkn[n au?or ( "o ( ! sublime/ books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 viz41 *aps1 xl4-lxvi4 ( ! "w commonly attribut$ to ,isaiah4 ,x 0 compos$ mo/ probably betwe5 #edf & #ece ,b4,c4 #bi ,!y may be f\nd by ref]r+ to ! p>allel passages giv5 9 ! m>g9 ( ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion ( ,job2 = in/ance1 *ap4 xiv4 ,"o example may suffice3 ,9 ! ,second ,isaiah1 xl4 #f-h1 we read ,! ,voice said1 ,cry4 ,& he said1 ,:at %all ,i cry8 ,all fle% is grass1 & all ! goodl9ess !re( is z ! fl[] ( ! field3 ! grass )]e?1 ! fl[] fade?3 because ! _s ( ! ,"l bl[e? ^u x3 surely ! p is grass4 ,! grass )]e?1 ! fl[] fade?3 b ! ^w ( our ,god %all /& = ev]4 ,9 ,job we f9d ! w+$ ^w embodi$ 9 ! v]se #b1 *ap4 xiv4 ,a4,v4 7/rophe cxxi474 ,man t is born ( a woman1 ,poor 9 days & ri* 9 tr\ble2 ,he come? =? z a fl[] & fade?1 ,he flee? l a %ad[ & abide? n4 #cj ,= ! value ( ! te/imony ( ! ,septuag9t1 cf4 foll[+ *apt]4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,text ,,& ,,its ,,recon/ruction ,our ,au?oris$ ,v]sion ( ,job is bas$ ^u ! text h&$ d[n to u 9 exi/+ ,hebrew manuscripts & ^u ,j]ome's ,lat9 translation4 ,none ( ! manuscripts1 ! mo/ important ( :i* are ^? ( ! ,vatican1#ca ( ,alex&ria#cb & ( ,s9ai1#cc g fur!r back ?an ! f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 ,& "s ( ! modifications1 made by ,j]ome 9 ! ,lat9 translation1 p>ticul>ly 9 *ap4 xxi4 #be-bg1 into :i* he introduces ! ,*ri/ian idea ( ! ,resurrection1 7 n bas$ ^u ! v>i\s read+s ( ! ,codices1 b inspir$ by a pi\s desire to r5d] ! "w m edify+4 ,z our ,hebrew manuscripts are all d]iv$ f a s+le copy :i* 0 probably contemporane\s ) ! reign ( ! ,emp]or ,hadrian1#cd ! words & ! corrections ( :i* !y reproduce ) ,*9ese scrupulosity1 ! utmo/ we c expect f !m is to supply u ) ! text z x exi/$ at t relatively late age4 ,! comp>ative indiff]5ce t reign$ be=e t "t z to ! purity ( ! text ( ! mo/ important books ( ! ,canon1 & ! utt] c>elessness ) :i* d[n to ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era ! manuscripts ( ! ,hagiographa#ce 7 treat$1 r5d] x highly probable t long be=e ! reign ( ,hadrian ! poem ( ,job _h und]gone _m & s]i\s modifications4 ,! ease ) :i* words writt5 ) consonants only1 _m ( :i* resembl$ ea* o!r1 7 liable to be int]*ang$1 /r5g!ns ?is probability2 :ile a detail$ /udy ( ! v>i\s manuscripts & translations trans=ms x into c]ta9ty4 ,! p>allel passages alone ( almo/ any ( ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t yield a ri* h>ve/ ( div]g5ces4 ,b involunt>y errors ( ! copyi/s are insuffici5t to expla9 all ! bewild]+ *anges :i* disfigure _m ( ! books ( ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures4 ,! gradual evolution ( ! ,hebrew religion f virtual poly!ism to ! /ricte/ mono!ism seem$ p]emptorily to call = a correspond+ *ange 9 ! writ+s 9 :i* ! revelation und]ly+ x 0 en%r9$4 ,a lat] /adium ( ! evolution--:i*1 ( c\rse1 0 nev] felt to be su*--might naturally cause ! free & easy views & lax practices :i* once 7 or?odox & univ]sal to assume ! odi\s =m ( h]esy & impiety1 & a laudable respect = ! au?or ( revelation 0 held to impose ! sacr$ duty ( br++ ! docum5t>y records ( anci5t practices into h>mony ) pres5t !ories4 ,?is 0 especially true ( ! ,books ( ,job & ,ecclesia/es1 9 :i* n only 0 ! g5]al tone lack+ 9 respect = all t ! ,jewi% community held sacr$1 b likewise long & eloqu5t passages directly call$ 9 "q ! tru? ( revelation & blasphem\sly criticis$ ! attributes ( ! ,mo/ ,high4 ,gaug$ by ! n>r[ /&>ds ( ! ,jewi% community1#cf "s ( ,job's mo/ sublime outbur/s ( poetic passion mu/ h seem$ z impi\s to 8 contempor>ies z to ! !ologians ( our own c\ntry ! blasphemies hurl$ by ,byron's ,lucif] aga9/ ! ,ev]la/+ ,tyrant4 ,!re c be no d\bt t x is to ! feel+ ( holy horror :i* 8 pla9 speak+ ar\s$ 9 ! m9ds ( ! /rait-lac$ ,jews ( #bdjj ye>s ago t we h to ascribe ! pr9cipal & mo/ disfigur+ *anges :i* ! poem und]w5t at ! h&s ( well-mean+ c5sors4 ,x is q possible ev5 n[ to po9t out1 by ! help ( a few disjo9t$ fragm5ts /ill pres]v$1 ! position1 & to div9e ! s5se1 ( c]ta9 spiritful & defiant passages :i*1 9 ! int]e/ ( religion & morals1 7 remorselessly suppress$1 to indicate o!rs :i* 7 split up & transpos$1 & to di/+ui% _m prolix disc\rses1 feeble or p[]ful ^w-pictures & trite commonplaces :i* 7 delib]ately ins]t$ lat] on1 = ! sole purpose ( ton+ d[n ! mo/ audaci\s piece ( rationali/ic philosophy :i* has ev] yet be5 clo!d 9 ! music ( sublime v]se4 ,! disa/r\s results ( ^! corrections :i* 7 made at v>i\s times & by diff]5t p]sons is writ l>ge 9 ! pres5t text ( ,job z we f9d x 9 ! ,hebrew manuscripts & our ,au?oris$ ,v]sion1 :i* (f] u 9 _m places a jumble ( disjo9t$ fragm5ts1 incoh]5t1 irrelevant or self-contradictory4 ,9 addition to common s5se aid$ by cauti\s text criticism :i* enables u to recognise int]polations1 to correct copyi/s' errors & occasionally ev5 to det]m9e ! place & ! t5d5cy ( expung$ passages1 ! means at our disposal = ! re/oration ( ! poem are pr9cipally two3 ,! laws ( ,hebrew poetry 7p>allelism & metre7 on ! "o h&1 & a comp>ison ( ! ,hebrew text ) ! anci5t ,greek translation ( ! ,septuag9t1#cg on ! o!r4 ,a judici\s use ( ^! helps :i* are recognis$ z su* ev5 by ! mo/ cons]vative ,*ri/ians1 :o condemn )\t he>+ ! tri$ me?ods & lea/ d\btful conclusions ( biblical criticism1 enables "o to accompli% all t is n[ possible t[>ds re/or+ ! poem ( ,job to its orig9al =m4 ,! nature & ! laws ( ,hebrew metre1 ! discov]y ( :i* is indissolubly associat$ ) ! "n ( ,pr(4 ,bickell1#ch are id5tical ) ^? ( ,syriac poetry4 ,! unit is ! l9e1 ! syllables ( :i* are numb]$ & acc5tuat$1 ! l9e mo/ frequ5t conta9+ sev5 syllables ) iambic rhy?m4 ,acc5tuat$ syllables alt]nate regul>ly ) unacc5tuat$1 :]eby ! p5ultimate has ! acc5t2 & ! poetic acc5t always co9cides ) ! grammatical1 z 9 ,syriac poetry & 9 ! ,greek v]se ( e>ly ,*ri/ian times1 ! /ructure ( :i* 0 copi$ f ! ,syriac4 ,comp>e = in/ance ! foll[+3 ,greek3 ,hae p>!nos saem]on ,ton ep\ranion tiktei1 ,kai hae gae to spaelaion ,to aprosito p>e*ei4 ) a /rophe f ,job3 ,%amti khll rbbot3 ,m5*me 'amal kol' khem1 ,hake l$b] roo*8 ,ma-ymri'kh1 ki thn8 ,! second *>act]i/ic ( ,hebrew poetry1 :i* is occasionally to be f\nd ev5 9 prose1 is t repetition ( ! same ?\ght 9 a slightly modifi$ =m :i* is commonly kn[n z p>allelism4 ,?us1 9 ! poem ( ,job ! second l9e ( ! /rophe expresses an idea v closely resembl+ t embodi$ 9 ! fir/2 & ! ?ird & f\r? run p>allel 9 l mann]4 ,= in/ance1 ,eliphaz1 exp\nd+ ! traditional tea*+ t ! wick$ man is puni%$ 9 ?is life1 says3 ,8 (f%oot %all )] be=e 8 "t1 ,& 8 bran* %all n be gre52 ,he %all %ake (f 8 unripe grape1 l ! v9e1 ,& %all %$ 8 fl[]1 l ! olive4 ,! second important aid to em5dation is a c>eful comp>ison ( ! ,hebrew text ) ! ,greek translation kn[n z ! ,septuag9t 7,,lxx471 :i*1 und]tak5 & complet$ 9 ,alex&ria betwe5 ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird & ! close ( ! second c5tury ,b4,c41 (f]s ! fir/ record$ in/ance ( an entire national lit]ature be+ r5d]$ into a =eign tongue4 ,! extr9sic value ( ?is "w is obvi\s f ! fact t x enables u to con/ruct a text :i* is c5turies old] ?an t ( :i* all our ,hebrew manuscripts are s]vile copies1 & is ov] a ?\s& ye>s m anci5t ?an ! v olde/ ,hebrew codices n[ extant4#ci ,n inde$ t ! poem ( ,job _h und]gone no *anges betwe5 ! "t ( its composition & ! second c5tury ,b4,c4 ,on ! contr>y1 "s ( ! mo/ important int]polations _h already be5 ins]t$#dj & v>i\s excisions & transpositions made be=e ! translator fir/ took ! "w 9 h&4 ,b at lea/ ! gr\nd is cle>$ consid]ably1 see+ t no less ?an f\r hundr$ v]ses :i* we n[ read 9 all our pres5t ,bibles1 ,hebrew & v]nacul>1 7 tack$ on to ! poem at a date subsequ5t to ! ,greek translation & !re=e f\nd no place 9 t v]sion4 ,^! additions may1 on ! fai? ( ! ,septuag9t1 be /ruck out ) all ! less hesitation t bo? metre & p>allelism confirm ) _! weighty te/imony ! tru/wor?y evid5ce ( ! or?odox translation t ! /rophes 9 "q are ins]tions ( a lat] date4 ,b ! value ( ! ,septuag9t dep5ds ^u its great] or less immunity f ^? disfigur+ *anges :i* r5d] ! ,hebrew text incompreh5sible & f :i* few anci5t works are :olly free4 ,& un=tunately no su* immunity c be claim$ = x4 ,:at happ5$ to ! orig9al text likewise befell ! ,greek translation4 ,desir\s ( putt+ an end to ! disputes betwe5 ,jews & ,*ri/ians z to ! respective m]its ( ! two1 a proselyte f ,ephesus1 ,!odotion by "n1 und]took to d ! ,bible into ,greek anew some:]e betwe5 #ahj-aib ,a4,d4 ,! basis ( 8 "w 0 ! ,septuag9t1 ( :i* he *ang$ no?+ t 9 8 op9ion c\ld /&2 b at ! same "t he consult$ ! ,hebrew manuscripts & va9ly endeav\r$ to effect a compromise betwe5 ! two4 ,among o!r innovations1 he ins]t$ 9 8 translation ! f\r hundr$ int]polat$ v]ses :i*1 hav+ be5 add$ to ! ,hebrew text aft] x _h be5 fir/ r5d]$ into ,greek1 c\ld n possibly h =m$ "p ( ! ,septuag9t v]sion4 ,lat] on 7#bcb-bed ,a4,d47 ,orig51 anxi\s to ?r[ light ^u ! cause ( ! div]g5ces betwe5 exi/+ translations & ! orig9al text1 & to provide ! means ( judg+ ( ! respective m]its ( ^!1 und]took "o ( ^? we>isome works ( indu/ry1 :i* lat] on con/itut$ a special feature ( ! activity ( ! ,b5$ict9e monks4 ,! result ( 8 rese>*es 0 embodi$ 9 ! ,hexapla--a book conta9+1 9 six p>allel columns1 ! orig9al text 9 ,hebrew & 9 ,greek lett]s1 ! ,greek translation by ,aquila1 ano!r by ,symma*us1 ! text ( ! ,septuag9t edit$ by himself1 & ,!odotion's v]sion4 ,n[ ,orig51 act+ ^u ! gratuit\s assumption t ! passages want+ 9 ! ,septuag9t _h =m$ "p ( ! orig9al ,book ( ,job & _h be5 omitt$ by ! translators solely because !y fail$ to und]/& _! mean+1 took !m f ,!odotion & incorporat$ !m 9 8 edition ( ! ,septuag9t z x appe>$ 9 ! ,hexapla1 m]ely di/+ui%+ !m by means ( a/]isks4 ,un=tunately1 9 ! c\rse ( "t ^! di/9ctive m>ks disappe>$ p>tially or :olly1 ?us depriv+ ! old ,greek translation ( its ine/imable value z an aid to text criticism2 & !re rema9$ b five manuscripts 9 :i* !y 7 to "s ext5t pres]v$4#da ,until rec5tly x 0 g5]ally tak5 = grant$ by ,biblical s*ol>s t !re 7 no codices extant 9 ! _w b ^! five1 :i* conta9$ data ( a nature to enable u to recon/ruct ! text ( ! ,septuag9t4 ,& ! assi/ance giv5 by ^! manuscripts 0 dubi\s at be/1 = !y includ$ ! mislead+ additions incorporat$ 9 ! text by ,orig51 m]ely m>k+ !m ) a/]isks1 :i* 7 n only insuffici5t 9 numb]1 b (t5times wrongly di/ribut$4 ,no "o v5tur$ to hope t !re 0 /ill extant a v]sion f :i* ! spuri\s v]ses 7 rigor\sly exclud$4 ,& ! discov]y ( su* a text by my fri5d1 ,pr(4 ,bickell1 m>ks a new epo* 9 ! hi/ory ( ,biblical criticism4 ,"o day t di/+ui%$ s*ol>1 :ile saunt]+ ab\t ,monte ,p9cio ) ! late ,coptic ,bi%op1 ,agapios ,bsciai1 0 in=m$ by ?is dignit>y t he _h f\nd & transcrib$ a wret*$ codex ( ! ,saidic#db ,v]sion ( ,job 9 ! ,libr>y ( ! ,propag&a4 ,he>+ t num]\s passages 7 want+ 9 ! newly discov]$ codex1 ,pr(4 ,bickell at once conjectur$ t ?is defective v]sion might possibly prove to be a translation ( ! orig9al ,septuag9t text )\t ! lat] additions2 & hav+ /udi$ x at ! bi%op's h\se saw 8 surmise *ang$ to c]ta9ty2 ! text 0 inde$ t ( ! orig9al ,septuag9t )\t ! disfigur+ additions ins]t$ by ,orig54 ,! late ,pr(4 ,lag>de ( ,gtt+5 !n appli$ =1 & receiv$1 p]mission to edit ?is preci\s f9d2 b ow+ to ! desire conceiv$ lat] on by ,pope ,leo ,,xiii4 t an und]tak+ ( su* importance %\ld be c>ri$ out by an ecclesia/ic ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 ,lag>de's hopes 7 da%$ at ! elev5? h\r1 & ,monsignor ,ciasca1 to :om ! task 0 confid$1 accompli%$ all t c reasonably be expect$ f pi\s zeal & pati5t indu/ry4 ,! ,saidic v]sion1 !re=e1 z embody+ a pur] & m anci5t text ( ! ,book ( ,job ?an any we _h h]et(ore possess$1 is "o ( ! mo/ s]viceable ( ! in/rum5ts employ$ 9 re/or+ ! poem to its primitive =m4#dc ,x frequ5tly enables u to elim9ate passages :i* =m]ly r5d]$ ! au?or's mean+ absolutely incompreh5sible1 & at o!r times replaces obscure ) intelligible read+s :i*1 :ile diff]+ f ^? ( ! ,massoretic manuscripts1 are obvi\sly ! m anci5t4 ,footnotes3 #ca ,f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 #cb ,fif? c5tury ,a4,d4 #cc ,f\r? c5tury ,a4,d4 #cd ,a4,d4 #aag-ach4 #ce ,! ,hagiographa--or1 z ! ,hebrews t]m !m1 ,ketubim--include ,job1 ,prov]bs1 ! ,psalms1 ! ,canticle ( ,canticles1 ,ru?1 ! ,lam5tations1 ,kohele?1 ,e/h]1 ,daniel1 ,ezra1 ,nehemiah1 & ,*ronicles4 #cf ,z di/+ui%$ f ! pre-exilian p4 ,be=e ! ,captivity ! ,israelites liv$ ! political life ( all indep5d5t nations4 ,aft] ! ,exile !y 7 b a religi\s community--a ,*ur*4 ,x 0 = ?is ,*ur* t ! ,mosaic legislation ( ! ,prie/s' ,code 0 writt5 & ! anci5t hi/orical records ret\*$4 #cg ,complet$ probably 9 ! second c5tury ,b4,c4 #ch ,ewald & o!rs _h conjectur$ long be=e t ! colloquies ( ,job 7 9 v]se1 b _! attempts to r$uce !m to /rophes 7 ( a nature to weak5 r ?an confirm ! !ory4 ,t ! /rophes consi/$ ( f\r l9es is a discov]y ( ,pr(4 ,bickell's4 ,at fir/ li/5$ to ) scepticism1 x is n[ accept$ by "s ( ! lead+ critics ( ,g]many1 & receiv$ ) fav\r by su* ,engli% s*ol>s z ,pr(4 ,*eyne4 #ci ,/4 ,paul 9 8 quotations f ! ,old ,te/am5t usually foll[s ! ,septuag9t4 ,b ! poem ( ,job he quotes f a lo/ v]sion1 "s traces ( :i* are to be f\nd 9 ! works ( ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria4 #dj ,ins]t$ is ! /ronge/ t]m t c be appli$ to editors :o liv$ 9 a "t :5 to foi/ "o's own elucubrations ^u a deceas$ g5ius 0 a "w ( piety des]v+ praise4 ,"s ( ! acts :i* 7 virtues 9 ,job's days h assum$ a v diff]5t aspect 9 ours2 b good int5tions are always at a premium1 & ! ,jewi% int]polators 7 animat$ by ! be/4 #da ,two ,greek1 two ,lat91 & "o ,syriac4 #db ,also call$ ! ,!baic ,v]sion4 #dc ,z a translation x is a poor p]=mance4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,int]polations ,hav+ ?us briefly sket*$ ! in/rum5ts by means ( :i* ! recon/ruction ( ! poem ( ,job 0 und]tak51 x may n be amiss to illu/rate ! mann] 9 :i* !y are employ$ 9 ! light ( a few examples4 ,to beg9 ) ! /ructure ( ! metre4 ,9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion we f9d 7*ap4 xii4 #ab7 ! words3 ,) ! anci5t is wisdom1 & 9 l5g? ( days und]/&+4 ,?is 9 ,hebrew is ,bi%%im *khma ,verekh ymim t'bna4 ,! fir/ l9e !re=e has five in/ead ( sev5 syllables & is consequ5tly defective2 some?+ mu/ h fall5 out4 ,?is conclusion1 bas$ ^u ! laws ( ! metre1 is fully borne out by a /udy ( ! context2 = x is en\gh to read ,job's reply f ! beg9n+ to see t he c\ld n h set himself to prove1 z he is "h made to d1 t ,god is z wise z man2 8 cont5tion really be+ t man's k is ignorance comp>$ ) ! wisdom ( ! ,be+ :o gov]ns ! univ]se4 ,= he is argu+ aga9/ ! traditionali/s :o ass]t t ju/ice is ! ess5tial *>act]i/ic ( ! conduct ( ! _w1 a !sis refut$ by almo/ ev]y?+ we see & he> ar\nd u4 ,bildad bes\ght 8 sorely tri$ fri5d to le>n ( bygone g5]ations & to view ?+s ?r\gh _! eyes4 ,%all !y n tea* !e8 he asks 7viii4 #aj71 to :i* ,job's reply is an emphatic negative3 ,!re is no wisdom ) ! anci5t1 nor und]/&+ 9 l5g? ( days4 ,to agree ) 8 fri5d w\ld be to ?r[ up 8 case1 & ?is ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion makes him d4 ,god alone is end[$ ) wisdom2 b is ,he likewise good8 ,to ?is "q ,8 gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se alone c furni% an answ]4 ,!re mu/ evid5tly !n h be5 a negative p>ticle 9 ! text :i* a copyi/1 %ock$ at ! seem+ly ra% ass]tion1 expung$4 ,if n[ we add ! words = n ! metre is 9 ord] & ! s5se p]fect3 ,ki n bi%%im *khma ,verekh ymim t'bna4 ,take ano!r in/ance4 ,! fir/ "p ( v4 #ad1 *ap4 xiv4 is r5d]$ 9 our v]sion z foll[s3 ,if a man die %all he live aga98 & ! translation w\ld be fai?ful en\gh if ! ,hebrew ^w 7 hayi*y1 z our ,,mss4 te/ify1 b z an int]rogation w\ld de/roy ! p>allelism ( ! /rophe1 x is evid5t t ! syllable ha1 :i* 9 ,hebrew consi/s ( "o & n two lett]s1 is an int]polation1 & ! ^w %\ld be yi*y & ! /rophe 7compos$ ( v4 #ac & #ad;a74 ,oh1 t ?\ w\ld/ hide me 9 ! grave6 ,t ?\ w\ld/ secrete me till ?y wra? be pass$6 ,t ?\ w\ld/ appo9t me a set "t1 & rememb] me6 ,if s be man c\ld die & yet live on4 ,aga9 />t+ f ! recognis$ pr9ciple t ! entire poem is compos$ on a regul> plan & consi/s exclusively ( f\r-l9e /rophes1 x is obvi\s t all ! tri/i*s 9 *apt]s xxiv4 & xxx4 mu/ be /ruck out4 ,! circum/ances t _! cont5ts are z irrelevant to ! context z w\ld be a numb] ( /anzas ( ,! ,anci5t ,m>9] if introduc$ into ,p>adise ,lo/1 t 9 =m !y are :olly diff]5t f ! /rophes ( ! poem ( ,job1 & t !re is obvi\sly a sudd5 break 9 ! text ( ! latt] j :5 het]odoxy m]ges into blasphemy1 h =c$ critics to ! conclusion--ab\t :i* !re is h>dly any diff]5ce ( op9ion--t ^! tri/i*s are extracts f a v diff]5t "w1 :i* 7 ins]t$ to fill up ! void creat$ by or?odox !ologians ( a lat] date4#dd ,besides ! f\r hundr$ v]ses :i* mu/ be exclud$ on ! gr\nd t !y are want+ 9 ! ,septuag9t ,v]sion1 & 7 !re=e add$ to ! text at a comp>atively rec5t p]iod1#de ! long-w9d$ disc\rse ( ,elihu#df mu/ be /ruck out1 mo/ ( :i* 0 compos$ be=e ! book 0 fir/ translat$ into ,greek4 ,common s5se1 unaid$ by any critical app>atus1 suffices to m>k ?is t$i\s monologue z an int]polation4 ,! poet knew no?+ ( him :o is suppos$ to h utt]$ x4 ,9 ! prologue 9 prose :]e all ! actors 9 ?is psy*ological drama are enum]at$ & describ$1 ,elihu is n once allud$ to2 & 9 ! epilogue1 :]e all ! debat]s are nam$ & c5sur$1 he alone is absolutely ignor$4 ,nay1 x is evid5t t :5 ,jahveh's disc\rse 0 writt51 ! poet _h no suspicion ( ! exi/5ce ( ?is f\r? fri5d2 = at ! conclusion ( ! f\r? fri5d's pret5ti\s spee*1 compos$ ( scraps borr[$ f ^? ( ! o!r actors 9 ! drama1 ,jahveh address$ all pres5t 9 a =m ( words :i* implies t n ,elihu b ,job 0 ! la/ speak]1 & _h only t in/ant t]m9at$ 8 reply4 ,?is fact alone %\ld be conclusive4 ,b x is confirm$ by o!r weighty consid]ations :i* leave no place = d\bt3 ,?us1 ,elihu's /yle is toto coelo diff]5t f t ( ! o!r p>ts ( ! poem3 artificial1 vague1 rambl+1 prosaic1 & /rongly col\r$ by ,aramaic idioms1 :ile 8 doctr9al peculi>ities1 p>ticul>ly 8 m5tion ( int]c$+ angels1 :ile !y co9cide ) ^? ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 are absolutely unkn[n to ,job & 8 fri5ds4 ,moreov]1 if ,elihu _h inde$ =m$ "o ( ! dramatis p]sonae ( ! orig9al "w1 ! rle he w\ld & %\ld h assum$ is n dubi\s2 he mu/ be ! wise man accord+ to ! au?or's own he>t4 ,?is he is or no?+4 ,& yet1 if he 7 really ?is1 we %\ld h ! curi\s spectacle ( ! poet develop+ at great l5g? an idea :i* runs directly c\nt] to ! fundam5tal conception und]ly+ ! entire "w4 ,= ,elihu decl>es ,job's suff]+s to be a j puni%m5t = 8 s9s2 :]eas ! poet & ,jahveh ,himself proclaim him to be ! type ( ! j man1 & describe 8 mis]y z a %ort1 unm]it$ & exceptional probation4 ,evid5tly !n ,elihu is ! elaborate production ( "s second-rate writ] & fir/-class !ologian awkw>dly w$g$ into ! poem p]haps a c5tury or m aft] x _h be5 compos$1 & c]ta9ly be=e ! "w 0 fir/ translat$ into ,greek4 ,! confusion introduc$ into ! text by ?is ins]tion is bewild]+ 9 ! extreme2 & yet ! result is b a typical specim5 ( ! inextricable tangle :i* 0 produc$ by ! sy/ematic endeav\rs ( lat] & pi\s editors to r$uce ! poem to ! prop] level ( or?odoxy4 ,ano!r in/ance is to be f\nd 9 ,job's reply to ! ?ird disc\rse ( ,bildad3 9 two passages ( ?is disc\rse ! h]o completely & delib]ately gives away ! case :i* he _h be5 !ret(ore s w>mly def5d+1 & accepts--to reject x lat] on z a matt] ( c\rse--! doctr9e ( retribution4#dg ,n[1 on ! "o h&1 if we remove ^! v]ses1 ,job's spee* becomes p]fectly coh]5t & logical1 & ! description ( wisdom falls naturally into its "r place2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 we h no reason :atev] to call _! au!nticity 9 "q & to /rike !m out4 ,! solution ( ?is difficulty is t ,zoph> :o1 9 our v]sions1 speaks b twice1 really spoke ?ree times1 l ea* ( 8 ?ree colleagues1 & t ! v]ses 9 "q 7 utt]$ by him1 & n by ,job4 ,8 disc\rse 0 int5tionally split up into two portions1 & incorporat$ 9 a spee* deliv]$ by ,job1 9 ord] to repres5t ! h]o z an advocate ( ! dogma ( retribution4 ,ano!r example ( obvi\sly int5tional transposition occurs 9 *ap4 xl4 :]e two v]ses are introduc$ z "o ( ,job's replies to ,god1 s z to all[ ( ! latt] deliv]+ a second spee* & utilis+ !re9 a f9e description ( ! hippopotamus & ! crocodile4 ,la/ly1 x ne$s little critical acum5 to p]ceive t ! scraps ( dialogue attribut$ to ,jahveh 9 ! ,hebrew text & ,au?oris$ ,v]sion are1 9 s f> z !y c claim to be reg>d$ z au!ntic1 b fragm5ts ( a s+le disc\rse4 ,x w\ld be prepo/]\s to hold a poet or ev5 an av]age poeta/] responsible = ! muddle made by ! neglig5ce ( copyi/s & ! zeal ( int]polators :o s\ght ?us awkw>dly to improve ! au?or's !ology at ! co/ ( 8 poetry4 ,b x is en\gh to consid] ! elem5ts ( ?is p>ticul> "q = a mom5t to p]ceive t !re c be b "o solution4 ,jahveh makes a long & cru%+ reply to ,job1 gradually m]ges into f9e descriptive b irrelevant poetry1 & !n sudd5ly calls = a rejo9d]4 ,! h]o1 humbl$ to ! du/1 exclaims#dh t he is vile & consci\s ( 8 impot5ce1 & w lay 8 h& ^u 8 m\? & op5 8 lips no m4 ,"h ! matt] %\ld end1 = ,job has confess$ himself vanqui%$4 ,b no1 ,jahveh1 in/ead ( be+ t\*$ by ?is meek av[al & self-humiliation1 mu/ ne$s address ! human worm z if he _h turn$ aga9/ 8 ,creator1 & asks su* misplac$ que/ions z ,ha/ ?\ an arm l ,god8 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ,jahveh1 ^: app>ition is b a poetic symbol ( ! sudd5 fla% ( light :i* illum9$ ! m9d ( ! despair+ h]o1 spoke b once4 ,= ,job1 "o glimpse ?r\gh ! veil 0 en\gh1 "o rapid glance at ! realm :]e all is d>k1 & deep lies "u deep unkn[n1 ,& height above unkn[n height4 ,footnotes3 #dd ,*ap4 xxiv4 #e-h1 #aj-bd & *ap4 xxx4 #c-g take ! place ( ,job's blasphem\s compla9t ab\t ! unju/ gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 #de ,= ! b5efit ( read]s :o %r9k f mak+ any alt]ation 9 ! ,bible1 & :o are mo/ly unaw>e t innum]able & wide-rea*+ *anges 7 effect$ 9 x by ! neglig5ce or design ( scribes1 !ologians1 & o!rs1 x may be well to po9t out t none ( ! *anges r5d]$ necess>y by ! recon/ruction ( ! ,books ( ,job & ,ecclesia/es 9 any way affects :atev] degree ( inspiration !y feel dispos$ to attribute to ! ,bible z a :ole1 or to ! int]polations 9 p>ticul>4 ,! po9t ( view ( ! critic1 if by no means id5tical ) t ( ! pi\s wor%ipp]1 ne$ n to cla% ) x4 ,an int]polation may be--& z we "h see v (t5 is--mu* m or?odox ?an an orig9al text1 & ! m rec5t its orig9 ! great] ! *ances t x w be s4 #df xxxii4-xxxvii4 ,9 ! ,septuag9t ,v]sion ,elihu's disc\rse occupies b little m ?an half ! numb] ( v]ses to be f\nd 9 ! ,hebrew manuscript & 9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion4 #dg xxvii4 #h-aj1 #ad-bc4 #dh xl4 #d-e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,job',s ,,!ological ,,& ,,philosophical ,,conceptions ,al?\gh ! ma9 object ( ! poet is to pres5t 9 a cle>1 compreh5sive & palpable =m ! sph9x riddle ( human exi/5ce1 8 "w ab\nds nev]!less 9 a v>iety ( int]e/+ data1 :i* ?r[ consid]able light ^u ! philosophical & !ological !ories 9 vogue among ! ?\ghtful spirits ( ! ,jewi% community4 ,_! natural philosophy (f]s little t is likely to int]e/ & no?+ ( a nature to in/ruct ! well-in=m$ read] ( to-day4 ,b ! my?ological concret5ess & palpitat+ vitality ( all its elem5ts pr(\ndly impress u1 less because ( ! curi\s /&>d !y supply by :i* to gauge ! intellectual level ( t age ?an z ! symbols *os5 by ! poet to express ! id5tity & no?+ness ( all ?+s liv+ & inanimate4 ,be=e ,god1 all creatures ?9k1 reason1 speak1 l man1 because all are equal to him & he is b a brea?4 ,! />s1 :i* are relatives ( ! ,satan & ( ,god's own *ildr51 wax en?usia/ic & %\t = joy2 ! lightn+ he>k5s to ! voice ( its ,creator &1 fla%+ a?w>t ! heav5s1 ann\nces its pres5ce4 ,! sun is 9 cont9ual dang] ( be+ dev\r$ by a rapaci\s mon/] ^u :om a wat* has to be set2 & all ?+s live & move 9 ! same way & by exactly ! same =ce t dwells & acts 9 man ) :om !y are "o 9 ess5ce2 & he himself is b a fl[] t spr\ts1 fades & dies4#di ,dea? is ! end ( man & bea/ & fl[] & grass alike2 & aft] dea? comes dismal d>kness4 ,!re is no diff]5ce among !m4 ,man is no m & no less ?an all ! re/4 ,%eol1 or ! realm ( ! dead1 is a murky1 sil5t & dre>y abode1 ! %ad[y inmates ( :i* are z if !y 7 n1 unconsci\s z infants :i* nev] saw ! light4 ,?is /ate1 :i* is n p]haps absolutely equival5t to complete annihilation1 is yet id5tical ) t ( an hidd5 untimely bir?4 ,translat$ into ! language ( philosophy ?is some:at vague notion might be express$ z foll[s3 ,all ?+s1 pa/1 pres5t & to come1 :i* flit z unreal %ad[s on ! wall ( "t & space1 are manife/ations ( ! "o sole =ce :i* is ev]la/+ & omnipres5t4 ,!y are n p>ts ( a :ole :i* is "o & divisible3 all t we see & "k ( !m 9 life is no?+2 & aft] dea? !y are :at !y 7 be=e--id5tical ) ! "o4 ,"o life ?r\gh all ! imm5se creation runs1 ,"o _s is ! moon's1 ! sea's1 ! sun's2 ,all =ms 9 ! air t fly1 on ! e>? t creep1 ,& ! unkn[n nameless creatures ( ! deep-- ,ea* brea?+ ?+ obeys "o m9d's control1 ,& 9 all sub/ance is a s+le s\l4 ,= ,job's !ory ( ! univ]se is dynamic & recognises b "o =ce1 :i* is s vague & indef9ite t he hesitates to be/[ ^u x ! "n ( ! concrete ,god ( ! ,jews4#ej ,!re is no multiplicity1 no duality1 no o!r sub/ance1 no o!r cause4 ,! ,"o is & does alone4 ,all ?+s are %ad[y delusions2 ,he alone is real4 ,we are no?+ except 9 ,him4 ,evil z well z good is ,8 "w4 ,! ,satan :o tortures ,job is "o ( ! sons ( ,god to :om special p[] is exceptionally delegat$2 b1 z a rule1 ,god ,himself puni%es ! j & %[]s ,8 bless+s on ! wick$4 ,ev]y?+ t happ5s is ! outcome ( ,8 w4 ,!re is no nature1 no causation1 no necess>y law 9 ! physical _w2 e ev5t is ! embodim5t ( ! "o w :i* is absolutely free1 & !re=e1 nei!r to be =ese5 nor expla9$4 ,l ,kohele?1 ,job seems to hold t intellig5ce is some?+ second>y n primordial4 ,man1 :o is ri*ly end[$ ) x on e>?1 kn[s really no?+1 nev] c "k any?+1 ab\t ! orig9 & reason ( ?+s4 ,!y are absolutely unkn[able4 ,he f9ds abyss yawn+ "u abyss1 height t[]+ above height1 & d>k my/]ies encompass him ev]la/+ly4 ,b wisdom--:5ce %all x come8 ,& :]e is ! place ( und]/&+8 ,x is hid f ! eyes ( all liv+ 7cxxxiv474 ,& if !re be at mo/ b w-o'-!-wisps on ?is side ( ! %ad[ ( ,night1 !re is n\ght b absolute d>kness beyond4 ,^! consid]ations w\ld seem to (f] a v satisfactory explanation ( ! mono!ism ( ! poet :i* is f> 9 advance ( t ( 8 contempor>ies1 to :atev] age we may assign him4 ,x is a purely philosophical conception :i* nev] 0 & nev] c be en%r9$ 9 a !ological dogma1 & to seek = its g5esis 9 ! evolution ( ! ,jewi% religion is f> less reasonable ?an to d]ive x f ! philosophy ( ! ,greeks or ! ,h9doos4 ,job's !ory ( e?ics diff]s widely f t ( 8 fri5ds & contempor>ies1 & inde$ f t ( ! bulk ( mank9d ( all times4 ,! ,jews believ$ 9 fleet+ pleasures & pa9s 9 ?is life z ! sole recomp5se = virtue & s92 _! mod]n heirs & successors hope = et]nal bliss or fe> ev]la/+ suff]+ 9 ! next4 ,! motives d$ucible f bo? cre$s are id5tical1 & philosophy connotes !m z egotism4 ,:e!r ! me$ ,i long = or ! pa9 ,i w\ld %un be transitory or ev]la/+1 ! mom5t my individual well-be+ becomes ! motive ( my conduct x is n easy to p]ceive :]e morality comes 94 ,& s univ]sally is egotism to be f\nd at ! root ( :at appe> to u to be ! mo/ g5]\s actions1 t ! ,adv]s>y 0 "r en\gh 9 refus+1 )\t conclusive pro(1 to enrol ,job's "n 9 ! %ort li/ ( exceptions4 ,b ,job's e?ics 7 _m degrees above pro(4 ,9 no book ( ! anci5t ,te/am5t & 9 no religion or philosophy ( ! old _w1 if we except ,buddhism1 d we f9d any?+ to comp>e ) ! sublime morality inculcat$ 9 ! poem t be>s 8 "n4 ,x utt]ly ignores ! conv5i5t & pr(itable virtue kn[n z duty to "o's self & bases all ! o!r virtues on pity = our fell[s1 :o are n m]ely our bre?r5 b our v selves4 ,! truly moral man %\ld be able to say ) ,job3 ,i deliv]$ ! poor t cri$ al\d1 ,& ! orphan & him t _h none to help him2 ,& ,i gladd5$ ! he>t ( ! wid[ 7ccxlvii474 ,i became eyes to ! bl9d1 ,& ,i 0 feet unto ! lame 7ccxlviii474 ,if ,i saw "o p]i% = lack ( clo?+1 ,or any ( ! poor devoid ( cov]+2 ,!n surely did 8 lo9s bless me1 ,& he 0 w>m$ ) ! fleece ( my %eep 7cclxix474 ,i h nev] made gold my hope 7cclxxi474 ,nev] did ,i rejoice at ! ru9 ( my hat]1 ,nor exult :5 mis]y f\nd him out 7cclxxiii474 ,did n he t made me 9 ! womb1 make him8 7cclxvii47 ,did ,i n weep = him t 0 9 tr\ble8 7cclix474 ,& hav+ accompli%$ all ?is )\t fe> ( pa91 ,gaze onw>d )\t claim to hope1 ,nor1 gaz+ backw>d1 c\rt regret4 ,?is is ! only sy/em ( morality des]v+ t mu*-abus$ "n2 x 0 prea*$ & to a great ext5t practis$ 9 ,india by ! ,ja9i/s & ! ,buddhi/s1 & = ! fir/ "t 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t by ! au?or ( our poem4 ,all ! ills & sorr[s ( life1 m]it$ & unm]it$ alike1 ,job is prep>$ =4 ,!y are ! commonplaces ( human exi/5ce & z insep>able f x z %ad[ f light4 ,b :at he _c endure is ! ?\ght t 8 good "n1 ! sole com=t left him 9 8 mis]y1 %all be sacrific$ to a !ological !ory :i* runs c\nt] to e fact ( public hi/ory & private exp]i5ce4 ,?is is an inju/ice :i* seems to /rike at ! root ( all morality1 & he passionately attacks all :o uphold x1 ev5 ?\gh ,god ,himself be ( ! numb]4 ,= he has un%ak5 fai? 9 et]nal ju/ice z some?+ indep5d5t ev5 ( ! deity4 ,its manife/ations may be imp]ceptible & incompreh5sible to u1 b x gov]ns ! univ]se all ! same1 & fai? 9 ?is fact 0 8 lode/> :5 sun & moon _h gone out & ! aimless tornado rag$ ar\nd & gha/ly horrors issu$ f ! womb ( ,night4 ,! wick$ may prosp] & ! j man die on a dunghill1 scorn$ by all & seem+ly =sak5 by ,god ,himself1 b x is none ! less true t s9 & suff]+1 virtue & rew>d are fruits ( ! same tree1 "o & indivisible4 ,!y are ! manna ! ta/e ( :i* adapts itself to ! eat]4 ,job expresses ! conviction1 :i* ,/4 ,b]n>d s aptly =mulat$ :5 he said3 ,n\ght c h>m me b myself2 & x is ?is conviction t n]ves & su/a9s him 9 8 defiant *all5ge to ! ,mo/ ,high & prompts 8 appeal to et]nal ju/ice aga9/ ev5 ,god ,himself3 ,w he plead aga9/ me ) 8 almighty p[]8 ,if n1 !n n ev5 he w\ld prevail aga9/ me4 ,= a righte\s "o w\ld dispute ) him4 7ccxvi47 ,b aft] ! !ophany1 :5 ! tru? has dawn$ ^u ! m9d ( ! h]oic suff]]1 he sees t et]nal ju/ice ne$s n ev5 ?is c]tificate ( its exi/5ce1 t x c disp5se ) ! mo/ eloqu5t human advocate1 & he waives :at he _h !ret(ore held to be 8 indefeasible "r & puts ! cr[n on 8 sy/em ( e?ics by endur+ 8 lot 9 sil5ce4 ,peace gr\nd$ on k1 !re=e1 is ! end ( ,job's d\bts & misgiv+s4 ,b x is n ! k ( a rew>d to come1 a pres5tim5t ( ! joys ( heav51 ( an ev]la/+ fe$+-tr\gh :]e our hung] & ?ir/ = exi/5ce %all be satiat$ = ev] & ev]4 ,x is t sob]+ k :i* is increase ( sorr[4 ,inju/ice 9 ! _w !re is none2 if all be+s liv+ are liable to pa91 & ev]y?+ animate & inanimate is subject to decay & dea?1 ! reason is t suff]+ & dissolution are ! conditions ( exi/5ce1 :i* is !re=e an evil4 ,to desire ! "o is to wi% = or accept ! o!r4 ,?is is ! conviction :i* br+s peace to ! s\l ( ! h]o & enables him to exclaim3 ,i resign & console myself1 ,?\gh 9 du/ & a%es4 ,footnotes3 #di ,/rophe cxxi4 #ej ,lag>de seems to h hit ! m>k :5 he affirms t ! poet's fai? 9 ,god r$uces itself to a vague belief 9 ! div9e4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,analysis ,,( ,,! ,,poem ,! popul> leg5d ( ,job1 :i* 0 curr5t among ! ,hebrews & probably among _! ,semitic neighb\rs = c5turies be=e ! poem 0 compos$1 is embodi$ 9 ! prologue & epilogue1#ea :i* are writt5 9 prose4 ,! data x conta9s are utilis$ by ! au?or = ! purpose ( cle>ly /at+1 n ( elucidat+1 ! ma9 problem1 & x w\ld be a grave mi/ake on ! "p ( ! read] to attempt to supplem5t ! reason+ ( ,job's fri5ds by argum5ts drawn f ! details n>rat$ 9 ! leg5d4 ,?us1 ! conv]sation betwe5 ,jahveh & ! ,satan is obvi\sly int5d$ to e/abli% ! all-important fact t ,job1 al?\gh n a memb] ( ! *os5 p1 a believ] 9 _! prie/ly dogmas1 nor an obs]v] ( _! religi\s rites & c]emonies1 0 none ! less a truly j man1 ! p]fect type ( ! righte\s ( all times & c\ntries4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! circum/ances t 8 suff]+s 7 no m ?an a probation1 & t !y 7 foll[$ by fabul\s weal? & int5sifi$ happ9ess1 are dismiss$ by ! poet z :olly irrelevant to ! "q at issue4 ,nor1 consid]+ _! purely exceptional "*1 w\ld !y h t5d$ 9 any degree to solve x4 ,if ,job's mis]y 0 an ordeal1 all unm]it$ suff]+ _c be press$ into ! same conv5i5t category4 ,8 individual privations & pa9s may h be5 comp5sat$ = by subsequ5t pl5ty & prosp]ity2 b !re are o!r j m5 :o rot on ! dunghill & die 9 despair4 ,! au?or1 !re=e1 wisely refra9$ f draw+ on ! leg5d m ext5sively ?an 0 absolutely ne$ful = ! mat]ials ( 8 poem1 & f ?us r$uc+ a univ]sal problem to ! dim5sions ( an individual case4 ,! folk-/ory ( ! j man1 ,job1 is conceiv$ 9 ! true _s ( ,ea/]n leg5d>y lore4 ,! col\rs are laid on ) an ungrudg+ h&4 ,he 0 n m]ely well-to-d & cont5t$1 he 0 ! happie/ mortal :o _h ev] walk$ ! e>? 9 8 halcyon days1 & ! mo/ hopelessly wret*$ dur+ 8 probation4 ,b al?\gh wont1 z ! ,prea*] recomm5ds1 to fill up 8 cup ) ! w9e ( life1 press+ all t x yields ( m]e v9tage1 he 0 any?+ b an egoti/4 ,! broad /ream ( 8 sympa?y fl[$ out t[>ds all 8 fell[s1 nay1 to all ?+s animate & inanimate4 ,! %eep1 ! lion1 ! eagle1 & ! ox51 7 8 comrades1 ! fire & ! w9d 8 k9sm54 ,ev5 = 8 wor/ enemies he _h no curse1 nor did he ev] rejoice 9 _! m]it$ mis=tunes4 ,s blameless & upright 0 8 liv+ & work+1 s completely _h he es*ew$ ev5 he>t-s9s1 t he might h c>ri$ w9d[s 9 8 brea/ t all might see :at 0 be+ done )94 ,n[1 9 accordance ) ! retribution-!ory !n 9 fa%ion--small tempor>y pr(its & quick returns--he _h amply m]it$ 8 good =tune1 & might h reasonably expect$ to enjoy x to ! close ( a long life1 :i* = him 0 ! end ( ev]y?+4 ,9 fact1 he _h no long] any s]i\s gr\nds = appreh5d+ ! ga!r+ ( cl\ds ( mis=tune to d>k5 ! sun%9e ( 8 exi/5ce1 see+ t he _h already atta9$ to a ripe age1 0 possess$ ( va/ h]ds ( cattle & ?\s&s ( camels1 0 ble/ ) a num]\s family1 & pass$ = ! greate/ ( all ! *ildr5 ( ! ,ea/4 ,b ! mo/ speci\s !ological !ories are z p[]less to gu>antee ! j man f ! bl[s ( adv]sity z to h9d] ! worm f f9d+ ! blu%+ rose's b$ ( crimson joy2 & :e!r pa9 & sorr[ be labell$ probation or j puni%m5t1 !y w nev] cease to figure among ! commonplaces ( human exi/5ce4 ,at "o ( ! social ga!r+s ( ! c\rti]s ( heav51 ,jahveh takes occasion to laud ! virtue ( ! j man1 ,job1 :]eupon ! ,satan1 :o n only und]/&s1 b sees ?r\gh ! righte\sness ( ! bulk ( mank9d1 expresses 8 conviction t x has its roots 9 m]e selfi%ness4 ,jahveh !n emp[]s ! ,adv]s>y to put x to ! te/ by depriv+ ,job ( 8 possessions & 8 family4 ,on ?is1 ! h]o's weal? & happ9ess vani%$ z sudd5ly z ! smile on ! face ( an infant1 & 9 a tw9kl+1 s to say1 he 0 *ang$ into a p]fect type ( human wret*$ness4 ,by "o ( ^? extraord9>y miracles :i* are *>act]i/ic ( ,ori5tal fiction1 9 ! c\rse ( a s+le day ,job's f\r hundr$ yoke ( ox5 7 seiz$ & c>ri$ (f by ! ,sabeans1 8 sev5 ?\s& scatt]$ %eep 7 s\ght out & consum$ by lightn+1 8 ?ree ?\s& camels 7 driv5 away by ,*aldeans1 & 8 sons & daught]s kill$ by ! fall+ ( a h\se4 ,be+ b human1 ,job's s\l is h>r[$ up by grief2 b1 recognis+ ! empt9ess ( all ?+s1 he endures 8 lot manfully & )\t murmur or compla9t4 ,:5 ! sons ( ,god met aga9 9 ! c\ncil *amb] ( heav51 ,jahveh triumphantly inquir$ ( ! ,adv]s>y :at he n[ ?\ght ( ,job's virtue & its taproot4 ,b ! ,satan /ill clung t5aci\sly to 8 l[ view ( ! ma9spr+ ( ! h]o's conduct4 ,sk9 = sk91 yea1 all t a man ha? w he give = 8 life4 ,b put =? ?9e h& n[1 & t\* 8 bone & 8 fle%1 & he w r5\nce !e to ?y face4 ,& ! ,"l said unto ! ,adv]s>y3 ,behold he is 9 ?9e h&2 only sp>e 8 life4 ,:]eupon he 0 smitt5 ) ! mo/ loa?some disease kn[n 9 ! ,ea/1 :i* toge!r ) ! moral suff]+ result+ f utt] ab&onm5t1 besieg$ him1 ev5 to ! gates & inlets ( 8 life4 ,b firm & manful1 ) /r5g? nurtur$ by ! witness ( 8 own consci5ce1 & ! conviction t true virtue is indep5d5t ( rew>d1 he ma9ta9s ! citadel unconqu]$1 refus+ to op5 ! portals ev5 to ,jahveh ,himself4 ,no?+ c subdue ,job1 n ev5 ! bitt] fruits ( ! diabolical ref9em5t ( ! ,adv]s>y :o1 hav+ p]mission to slay all ! h]o's ki? & k91 sp>es 8 sp\se1 le/ mis]y %\ld h>b\r any possibilities unrealis$4 ,at la/ ?ree ( ,job's fri5ds come f ! utt]mo/ ends ( ! e>? to visit & console him4 ,travell+ ov] enorm\s di/ances1 & sett+ out f opposite po9ts ( ! compass1 !y all contrive to rea* ! suff]] at ! same mom5t2 & at ! sight ( ! de=m$ & loa?some figure ( _! fri5d are all ?ree /ruck dumb ) grief4 ,)\t any previ\s consultation among !mselves1 !y sit sil5t & sad = sev5 days & sev5 nights1 gaz+ ) fasc9at$ horror on ! mis%ap5 figure on ! dunghill4 ,?is curi\s manife/ation ( fri5d%ip unmans ! h]o ^: =titude _h be5 pro( aga9/ ! mo/ cruel physical & moral suff]+2 utt]ly break+ d[n1 he fills ) woes ! pass+ w9d1 & bitt]ly curses 8 exi/5ce4 ,awe at fir/ keeps him f c5sur+ ,god's ways2 tru?fulness f condemn+ himself4 ,he _c und]/& :y he suff]s1 :e!r !re be any tru? or none 9 ! traditional doctr9e ( unfail+ retribution ^u e>?2 = he has c]ta9ly done ev]y?+ to m]it happ9ess & n\ght to des]ve puni%m5t4 ,society1 h[ev]1 is !re 9 ! p]son ( 8 fri5ds to dispel ?is delusion4 ,!y hold a brief = ! cut-&-dri$ !ology ( ! day :i* tells !m t 9 ,job !re 0 a res]voir ( guilt & s9 fill+ up f y\? to age1 :i* n[1 no long] able to hold its loa?some *>ge1 bur/ & ov]:elm$ ) mis]y _! fri5d & 8 family4 ,!y play _! p>ts v skilfully1 at fir/ s(tly /rok+1 z x 71 ! belov$ fri5d1 z if to soo! 8 pa91 & !n vigor\sly rubb+ ! salt 9 ! gap+ w\nds ( ! groan+ victim4 ,! campaign is op5$ mildly by ,eliphaz1 a firm believ] 9 ! spooks & spectres ( bord]l&1 :o1 9 reply to ,job's compla9t1 assures 8 fri5d t no really innoc5t human be+ ev] di$ 9 mis]y z he n[ seems to be dy+1 & g5tly rem9ds him t affliction %oote? n f ! du/1 nei!r do? tr\ble spr\t up f ! gr\nd2 !y ne$ ! f]tile soil ( s91 :i* ,job mu/ h provid$1 unkn[n to 8 easy-go+ fri5ds :o1 tak+ him at 8 own e/imation1 h]et(ore consid]$ him a j man4 ,b ev5 if he 7 :at he w\ld h !m believe he is1 he has no gr\nd = j compla9t3 = happy is ! man :om ,god correcte?4 ,to ?is ! h]o replies1 acc5tuat+ 8 innoc5ce1 & p\r+ =? 8 pla9t 9 wild words1 = ,god use? me z an enemy4 ,he seeks n = m]cy1 he expla9s1 b = ju/ice1 nay1 he is magnanim\s en\gh to be cont5t ) ev5 less4 ,he only asks ( ,god1 ,t x w\ld please him to de/roy me1 ,t he w\ld let g 8 h& & cut me (f2#eb & ?is reque/ hav+ be5 refus$1 suicide1 ! ev] op5 door ( ! ,/oics1 invit$ him tempt+ly 91 b he )/ood ! temptation1 & com=t$ himself ) ! k t all ?+s 9 "t h an end4 ,my s\l w\ld h *os5 /rangl+1 ,& dea? by my own resolve4 ,b ,i spurn$ x2 = ,i %all n live = ev]4#ec ,! arbitr>y & incompreh5sible w ( ! deity may1 9 ultimate analysis1 be ! *angeful basis ( "r & wrong1 b1 if s1 div9e ju/ice diff]s f human n m]ely 9 degree b likewise 9 "*1 & n app>5tly to its advantage4 ,! tuneful ,psalmi/ _h sung 9 ec/atic wond] at ! m]cy ( ,god3 ,:at is man1 t ?\ art m9dful ( him8 & ! son ( man t ?\ visite/ him8 ,= ?\ ha/ made him a little l[] ?an ! angels1 & ha/ cr[n$ him ) glory & hon\r4#ed ,job1 hav+ look$ upw>ds 9 ! same direction1 n = m]cy b = simple ju/ice1 & look$ 9 va91 p>odies ) bitt] irony ^? same v]ses ( ! ,psalm3 ,:at is man t ?\ %\ld/ magnify him8 ,& t ?\ %\ld/ set ?9e he>t ^u him8 ,t ?\ %\ld/ visit him e morn+1 ,& try him e mom5t8#ee ,bildad1 ! ,traditionali/ p> excell5ce1 !n addresses a %>p repro( to ! j man :o refus$ to recognise z m]cy 9 ,god ! conduct :i*1 7 a man responsible = x1 he mu/ ne$s condemn z wick$ness4 ,he bids him inquire ( bygone g5]ations :at !y ?\ght ( ! goodness ( ! ,creator1 & asks him to be guid$ by ! wisdom ( 8 =e-fa!rs1 :o liv$ & ?rove on ! spiritual food ( retribution :i* he n[ rejects ) loa?+4 ,?is attack provokes a new outbur/ on ! "p ( ,job1 :o ironically p>aphrases & develops ! ideas ( 8 com=t]s1 d]id+ ! notion t ! deity c *ange "r into wrong or t true morality ne$s ! div9e w z a basis4 ,h[ %\ld man be 9 ! "r aga9/ ,god8 ,if he long to cont5d ) him1 ,he _c answ] him "o ( a ?\s&4#ef ,lo1 he glide? by me & ,i see him n2 ,& he passe? on1 b ,i p]ceive him n4#eg ,8 fri5ds _h recomm5d$ him to pray = p>don & rep5t1 & _h promis$ him ! return ( 8 happ9ess z a consequ5ce4 ,b ,job sc\ts ! idea4 ,8 righte\sness1 if he inde$ possess x1 is 8 own2 no pray]s c add to1 no puni%m5t c take f1 t4 ,i mu/ make supplication unto 8 judgm5t1 ,:o do? n answ] me1 ?\gh ,i am righte\s6#eh ,& z = a ,god :o be+ almighty is yet unju/1 pray] w\ld be sup]flu\s1 no supplications w\ld avail aught ) ,him2 ,he w\ld cause ev5 inc>nate hol9ess to appe> wick$ 9 its own eyes4 ,?\gh ,i 7 j1 my own m\? w\ld condemn me2 ,?\gh ,i 7 faultless1 he w\ld make me crook$4 ,= ev5 ! w ( a creat$ be+ is 9 ! h&s ( its ,creator1 & is n1 _c be1 free4 ,job feels & kn[s t he is "r-m9d$ & good1 & he puts ! te/imony ( 8 own consci5ce above ! decrees ( any be+s1 human or div9e1 :i*1 :atev] else !y may a*ieve1 _c %ake ! f\ndations ( true ju/ice & morality1 :i* are et]nal4 ,faultless ,i am1 ,i set life at naught2 ,i spurn my be+1 !re=e ,i speak out4#ei ,& ! outcome ( 8 outspok5ness is a solemn *>ge ( inju/ice aga9/ ,god1#fj a sigh ( pr(\nd regret t he 0 ev] born into ?is mis]able _w1 & a wi% t 8 suff]+s might come to an end be=e he %\ld return to ! l& ( d>kness & ( gloom :5ce he came4 ,aft] ?is1 ,zoph>1 ! ?ird com=t]1 op5s 8 lips = co>se vitup]ation r ?an %>p rebuke1 & regrets t ,god ,himself does n feel mov$ to give a practical lesson ( wisdom to ! conceit$ prattl]1 :o p]si/s 9 believ+ 9 8 own innoc5ce 9 spite ( ! unmi/akable judgm5t ( 8 j ,creator & ! unanim\s te/imony ( 8 c&id fri5ds4 ,job's reply to ?is vigor\s advocate ( ,god is ev5 m p[]ful & indignant ?an any ( ! =ego+4 ,he repeats & emphasises 8 indictm5t aga9/ ! ,deity4 ,no omnipot5t be+ :o 0 really j & good c\ld approve1 or ev5 connive at1 mu* less practise1 ! sc&al\s inju/ice :i* *>act]ises ! conduct ( ! univ]se & ! s-call$ moral ord]1 & ( :i* 8 own p>ticul> grievances are a specim54 ,n t ! curi\s spectacle t daily meets our eye1 :]e9 wick$ness & hypocrisy are prosp]\s & triumphant :ile tru? & integrity are trampl$ "u foot1 is necess>ily incompatible ) absolute & et]nal ju/ice2 x is irreconcileable only ) ! attributes ( a p]sonal deity1 an almighty & j creator1 :o w\ld necess>ily be responsible = ^! evils z = all ?+s else1 if he exi/$4 ,if ! _w be ! "w ( an omnipot5t mak]1 its ess5tial moral *>act]i/ic p>takes ( ! nature ( 8 attributes2 & ! ma9 moral feature ( our _w is evil1 & n good4 ,?is is ! ev]-recurr+ refra9 ( ,job's disc\rses4 ,nor does he hesitate :5 occasion (f]s to proclaim 8 conviction 9 ! pla9e/ ( pla9 language1 = he ent]ta9s no fe> ( :at may fur!r befall him4 ,lo1 let him kill me1 ,i *]i% hope no m1 ,only ,i w ju/ify my way be=e 8 face4#fa ,! ?ree fri5ds return a second "t to ! *>ge1 ea* "o speak+ 9 ! same ord] z be=e1 & ea* "o elicit+ a sep>ate reply1 9 :i* ,job reaffirms 8 innoc5ce1 reit]ates 8 indictm5t aga9/ ! ,mo/ ,high1 & reproa*es 8 com=t]s ) _! (f-h& condemnation ( an attitude result+ f suff]+s :i* !y are sl[ to realise & f k :i* !y are unable to grasp4 ,9 8 rejo9d] to ,zoph>1 he lays special /ress ^u ! prosp]ity & success ( ! wick$ :o sc(f at ! laws ( ,god & yet :ile away _! days 9 bliss4 ,if ,god w n puni% !m1 is ,he j8 ,if ,he _c1 is ,he almighty8 ,z ,he does n1 :y speak ( ! moral ord] ( ,8 _w or ( ! moral attributes ( ,himself8 ,ehphaz op5s ! ?ird s]ies ( spee*es by accus+ 8 fri5d ( selfi%ness1 di%one/y1 h>d-he>t$ness & av>ice1 on no bett] gr\nds ?an ! assumption t ,god's ju/ice w>rants u 9 believ+ t :]e puni%m5t is inflict$ !re also mu/ s9 h be5 committ$4 ,job1 in/ead ( condesc5d+ to refute ! *>ge1 ironically admits x1 & !n bitt]ly rem>ks t he w\ld l to "k h[ ,god w\ld ju/ify ,8 conduct & convict him ( s9 if only !y bo? c\ld argue out ! "q toge!r on t]ms ( equality4 ,b 9 all ! univ]se he looks = ,god 9 va93 ,behold1 ,i g =w>d1 b he is n !re1 ,& backw>d1 b ,i _c p]ceive him4#fb ,bildad !n proce$s to emphasise ! omnipot5ce ( ! ,creator ) :om ! human worm1 ! maggot1 d>es to ent] into judgm5t1 & ,job replies to all ?ree1 refut+ !m out ( _! own m\?s4 ,8 consci5ce1 he tells !m1 is pro( suffici5t ( 8 "r conduct1 :]eas 8 mis]y1 by _! own admission1 proves no?+ at all4 ,till ,i die1 ,i w n yield up my integrity6 ,my righte\sness ,i hold fa/1 & w n let x g1 ,my he>t do? n c5sure any "o ( my days4#fc ,z = ! argum5t f puni%m5t to s91 all ?ree fri5ds _h 9 ! c\rse ( _! spee*es laid x d[n t ! l9es on :i* ! univ]se is gov]n$ are kn[n to no man4 ,if ?is be s1 :o are !y t h surpris$ ! secret & f\nd ! clue to ! enigma8 ,:o reveal$ to !m t retribution is ! basis ( ! moral ord]8 ,man kn[s no?+1 c nev] hope to "k any?+1 ( ! inn] work+ ( ! _w1 ( ! :y & ! :]e=e ( our mis]able be+ & ( ! exi/5ce ( all ?+s4 ,! ,godhead alone c\ld fa?om ^! my/]ies1#fd if ,he exi/$4 ,job takes no notice ( ! succe$+ brief rem>ks ( ,zoph> 9 8 f9al & longe/ disc\rse :i*1 replete ) sorr[ful rem9isc5ces ( 8 pa/ happy life1 is less defiant ?an any ( ^? t prec$$4 ,w&]+ 9 ?\ght ?r\gh ! necropolis ( buri$ hopes1 fe>s & a*ievem5ts1 he seems to inhale an atmosph]e ( soo?+ melan*oly t s(t5s & subdues 8 wild passion4 ,! vibration ( pa/ ef=ts & ( de$s long s9ce done1 trembl+ along 8 tortur$ frame1 causes ev5 sadde/ ?\ghts to bl5d ) sweet s5sations4 ,!n turn+ f :at once 0 to :at n[ is1 & miss+ ! logical nexus betwe5 ! two /ates1 he solemnly calls ^u ,god to produce x1 if ,he c3 ,"h is my signature2 let ! ,almighty answ] me1 ,& he> ! indictm5t :i* my adv]s>y ha? writt54#fe ,sc>cely has ,job f9i%$ speak+ :5 ,jahveh appe>s 9 a :irlw9d & ! he>t ( ! cl\ds is clov5 by a voice ( ?und] />tl+ ! sil5t air4 ,! purpose ( ,8 com+ is to prove m5's ignorance1 n to enlight5 x1 at lea/ n beyond ! degree involv$ by affix+ ! highe/ seal to ! negative views express$ by ! h]o4 ,he plies ,job ) a numb] ( que/ions on cosmology1 a/ronomy1 meteorology1 c41 ) a view to %[ t we are ignorant ( ! ultimate reason ( ev5 ! mo/ famili> objects & ph5om5a1 & practically "k no?+ ab\t any?+4 ,! natural conclusion is t !y are unkn[able1 & t intellect1 k1 consci\sness1 is some?+ second>y1 accid5tal1 & z transitory z ! life x accompanies4 ,to make an exception 9 fav\r ( ,jahveh ,himself1 w\ld be to lose sight ( ! important fact t ,8 app>ition 0 nev] meant by ! poet to be tak5 lit]ally4#ff ,x is nei!r m nor less ?an a symbol ( ! insight :i* ,job obta9s into ! nature ( ?+s1 ( ! light :i* enables him to see t !re is naught b d>kness n[ & = ev]4 ,he p]ceives by ! simple/1 cle>e/1 & mo/ conclusive ( all m5tal processes1 a direct intuition1 ! tru? ( ! ideas to "s ( :i* he _h b coldly ass5t$ be=e--viz41 t ?+s are b %ad[s & exi/5ce an evil2 t und]ly+ e be+1 animate & inanimate1 !re is a =ce exi/+ outside ! realm ( "t & space1 & t x is at bottom id5tical ) ! human w2 t et]nal ju/ice lies at ! root ( ev]y?+1 is ! ultimate basis ( all exi/5ce2 t ! suff]+s ( m51 innoc5t or guilty1 & ! preval5ce ( evil are incompatible ) a p]sonal creator2 t intellect is second>y1 & b>ely suffici5t = ! practical ne$s ( life1 aft] :i* x ceases to be an attribute ( :atev] ( man may outlive 8 body2 &1 f9ally1 t z we c "k no?+ beyond ! b>e fact t !re is an absolute law ( comp5sation f :i* !re is no exemption1 x behoves u to cultivate e?ics r ?an sci5ce1 & to resign ourselves uncompla9+ly to ! inevitable4 ,h[ev] unpalatable ^! f9al conclusions may appe> to pi\s read]s accu/om$ to seek 9 ! ,book ( ,job = ! mo/ /rik+ pro(s ( "s ( ! pr9cipal tea*+s ( ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation1 x is difficult1 n to say impossible1 to /udy ! "w 9 its re/or$ =m & arrive at any o!r4 ,) ,job1 ,god & wisdom are synonym\s4 ,& ( ! latt] he says3 ,b wisdom--:5ce %all x come8 ,& :]e is ! place ( und]/&+8 ,x is hid f ! eyes ( all liv+1 ,our e>s alone h he>d !re(4#fg ,^! words 7 utt]$ be=e he _h obta9$ ! insight :i* br\ght resignation 9 its tra94 ,he alludes to !m 9 8 la/ brief disc\rse4 ,i _h he>d ( !e by ! he>+ ( ! e>1 ,b n[ m9e eye ha? beheld !e2 ,!re=e ,i resign & console myself1 ,?\gh 9 du/ & a%es4#fh ,pr(essor ,bickell puts ! matt] v lucidly 9 8 %ort b compreh5sive introduction to ! poem3 ,z long z ,job1 solicit\s = 8 und]/&+1 dem&$ an explanation ( 8 unutt]able suff]+1 :]eby ! my/]i\s1 pite\s condition ( mank9d is %ad[$ =?1 8 seek+ 0 va91 & he ran ! risk ( loos+ himself 9 ! problems ( et]nal ju/ice1 ! wor? ( upright liv+1 & ev5 ! exi/5ce ( ,god2 = an unju/1 ru?less1 almighty be+ is no ,god4 ,b by means ( ! !ophany--:i* is to be und]/ood m]ely z a process 9 8 own he>t1 & :i* cle>ly %[s him ! impot5ce ( feeble man to unravel ! _w-enigmas--he atta9s to insight2 n1 inde$1 ( a positive k9d su* z a k ( ! ways ( ,god w\ld conf]1 b negative insight by means ( t resignation :i* fl[s f excess ( pa94 ,x is ?us t 8 own h]oic say+ is fulfill$ ab\t ! reaction ( unm]it$ suff]+ ^u ! j man4#fi ,b ! righte\s holds on 8 way1 ,& ! clean-h&$ waxe? ev] /rong]4#gj ,footnotes3 #ea ,! prologue is conta9$ 9 *aps4 i4-ii42 ! epilogue 9 *ap4 xlii4 #g-ag ( our ,engli% ,bibles4 #eb ,/rophe xxxv4 #ec ,/rophe lii4 #ed ,psa4 viii4 #d1 #e4 #ee ,/rophe liii4 #ef ,/rophe lxv4 #eg ,/rophe lxix4 #eh ,/rophe lxxi4 #ei ,/rophe lxxiii4 #fj ,/rophe lxxiv-lxxviii4 #fa ,/rophe cxv4 ,cf4 /rophe clxix41 :]e he d>es 8 fri5d to prove him guilty ( blasphemy :5 he is m]ely giv+ expression to ! tru?3 ,if inde$ ye w glorify y\rselves above me1 ,& prove me guilty ( blasphemy2 ,"k1 !n1 t ,god ha? wrong$ me6 #fb ,/rophe ccxvii4 #fc ,/rophe ccxxx4 #fd ,z ,pr(essor ,bickell rightly rem>ks3 ,at bottom :at ,job means is1 t ,god alone kn[s ! mean+ ( our sorr[ful exi/5ce1 if1 inde$1 ,he does "k x 7,das ,bu* ,job1 p4 #e74 #fe ,/rophe cclxxvi4 #ff ,! m]e circum/ance t ! ,deity is no long] call$ by ,8 usual "n :5 ,he appe>s 9 ! :irlw9d is ( itself an indication t ! poet 0 n allud+ to ,god4 #fg ,/rophe ccxxxiv4 #fh ,/rophe cccix4 #fi ,cf4 ,bickell1 op4 cit4 pp4 #h-i4 #gj ,/rophe clvi4 ,,kohele? 99 99 99 99 99 ,greek3 ,ar*a5 m5 mae phynai epi*?oniois9 ari/on ,ma$' eiside9 augas oxeos aeli\4 ,phynta d'hopos oki/a pylas ,aidao p]aesai1 ,kai kei/hai polla5 ga5 epamaesam5on4 ,!ognis4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,condition ,,( ,,! ,,text ,( all ! books ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 n except+ ! ,song ( ,songs1 none (f]s su* ri* mat]ials to ! hi/orian ( philosophy or su* knotty problems to ! philological critic z ,kohele?#gj or ,ecclesia/es4 ,?is int]e/+ treatise is1 9 its commonly receiv$ %ape1 little m ?an a tissue ( loose disjo9t$ aphorisms & contradictory !ses conc]n+ ! highe/ problems ( e?ics & metaphysics4 ,! =m ( ! "w is *>act]is$ by an utt] lack ( plan2 ! matt] by almo/ imp5etrable obscurity4 ,s completely entangl$ are ! v>i\s ?reads ( ?\ght1 t few comm5tators or critics possess$ ! ne$ful degree ( hope & c\rage to set ab\t unravell+ !m4 ,"o p>agraph1 = in/ance1 is saturat$ ) ,buddhi/ic pessimism2 ano!r brea!s a _s ( religi\s resignation1 ( almo/ he>ty hopefulness2 ?is s5t5ce lays d[n a univ]sal pr9ciple :i* is absolutely d5i$ by ! next2 ! !sis is foll[$ by pro(s1 9 ! v mid/ ( :i* lurks ! anti!sis2 a s]ies ( pr(\nd rem>ks ^u "o subject is sudd5ly int]rupt$ by bald /atem5ts ab\t ano!r1 ! irrelevancy ( :i* is sugge/ive ( ! rav+s ( a deliri\s fev] pati5t4 ,?us "o v]se beg9s#ga by recomm5d+ m5 to make ! mo/ ( _! y\? by foll[+ ! b5t ( _! incl9ations & ! desire ( _! eyes1 su* enjoym5t be+ a gift ( ,god1#gb & f9i%es by ?reat5+ all :o act ^u ! advice ) condign puni%m5t to be ultimately dealt out by ,god ,himself2 & ! v next v]se proce$s to draw ! logical conclusion1 :i* oddly en\gh1 runs ?us3 !re=e drive sorr[ f ?y he>t1 & put away evil f ?y fle%4 ,9 "o place#gc ! writ] solemnly & sadly affirms t ! de/9y ( ! upright & ! wick$1 ! wise & ! fooli% is :olly alike2 9 ano!r#gd he seems to proclaim t ! unrighte\s %all suff] = _! evil-do+1 :ile ! ,god-fe>+ %all be rew>d$ ) long life1 :i* aga9 he /\tly d5ies %ortly be=e & imm$iately aft]w>ds4 ,x is impossible to read *ap4 ii4 #aa & #ab )\t com+ to ! conclusion t we ei!r h to d ) ! incoh]5t rav+s ( a disord]$ m9d1 or else t ! leaves ( ! orig9al manuscript 7 dislocat$ & !n put toge!r haphaz>d4#ge ,! = t connects ! sev5? & eigh? v]ses ( *apt] vi4 is =cibly sugge/ive ( ! l9e ( argum5t :i* made ,t5t]d5 ,/eeple ! cause ( ,goodw9 ,s&s1 :ile ! nexus betwe5 ! six? & sev5? v]ses ( *apt] xi4 is sc>cely m obvi\s ?an t :i* is to be f\nd betwe5 any two ( ! nons5se v]ses t amuse intellig5t *ildr5 9 ,alice 9 ,wond]l&4 ,& yet ?is production1 9 its pres5t *aotic condition1 has be51 & is /ill1 gravely attribut$ to ! p5 ( ,k+ ,solomon 9 8 "* z ! ideal sage ( humanity6#gf ,footnotes3 #gj ,! mo/ satisfactory translation ( ! ^w ,kohele? is1 ! ,speak]4 ,prea*] conveys a mod]n & incorrect notion4 #ga xi4 #i4 #gb ii4 #bd4 #gc ix4 #b4 #gd viii4 #ab1 #ac4 #ge ,! v]ses 9 "q are3 #aa4 ,!n ,i look$ on all ! works t my h&s _h wr\ght1 & on ! lab\r t ,i _h lab\r$ to d3 &1 behold1 all 0 vanity & vexation ( _s1 & !re 0 no pr(it "u ! sun4 #ab4 ,& ,i turn$ myself to behold wisdom1 & madness1 & folly3 = :at c ! man d t come? aft] ! k+ ev5 t :i* ha? be5 already done4 #gf ,only1 h[ev]1 by ! /ricte/ ( or?odox !ologians1 :o admir+ly attribute to ! ,holy ,_s a hopeless confusion ( ideas :i* !y w\ld res5t z insult+ if pr$icat$ ( !mselves4 ,z a matt] ( hi/oric fact1 ,solomon1 s f> f m]it+ 8 reputation z a philosoph]1 0 a r\gh-&-ready k+let1 :o rul$ 8 subjects ) a rod ( iron & gr\nd !m d[n ) intol]able burd5s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,primitive ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,book ,! desp]ate ef=ts ( pr(essional !ologians to smoo? away1 expla91 & reconcile all ^! incoh]5ces & contradictions1 con/itute "o ( ! mo/ m>vell\s exhibitions ( m5tal acrobatics record$ ev5 9 ! hi/ory ( h]m5eutics4 ,_m ( ^! exegetes set out on ! assumption t a revelation v\*saf$ to ,solomon c\ld n possibly embody any /atem5t incompatible ) ! tru?s ( ,*ri/ianity :i* emanate f ! same et]nal s\rce2 & !y all firmly held t at ! v lea/ x mu/ be 9 h>mony ) ! fundam5tal dogmas common to ,judaism & ! tea*+s ( ,*ri/4 ,9 reality1 :at ?is g5]\s hypo!sis came to1 :5ev] !re 0 no "q ( text criticism involv$1 0 a sub/itution ( ! human ideal = ! div9e execution4 ,! be/ accr$it$ contempor>y !ologians h[ev]1 ,ca?olic & non-,ca?olic1 h insight en\gh to descry ! /amp ( true inspiration 9 a book :i* en%r9es "s ( ! highe/ tru?s laid d[n 9 ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt comb9$ ) a good deal t obvi\sly cla%es ) !ological dogmas =mulat$ at a mu* lat] date = ! beho( ( a v diff]5t social organism4 ,9 any case ! orig9al "w1 z x appe>s to h issu$ f ! h& ( ,kohele?1 0 compos$ 9 a _s z conducive to true morality z ! sublime eloqu5ce ( ,isaiah or ! absolute resignation ( ! au?or ( ! #gcrd ,psalm4 ,critics :o succe$$ 9 satisfactorily solv+ _m ( ! philological1 philosophical1 & hi/orical problems sugge/$ by ,kohele? utt]ly fail$ to f9d !re9 any traces ( an intelligible plan4 ,x 0 res]v$ to ,pr(essor ,bickell1 ( ,vi5na1 to po9t out :at seem to be ! true l9es on :i* alone x is possible to arrive at a solution alike satisfactory to ! read] & respectful to ! au?or4 ,8 !ory#gg--;x is1 & x c be no m ?an a !ory--:i* has already receiv$ ! adhesion ( "s ( ! mo/ au?oritative ,bible s*ol>s on ! ,cont95t1 may be briefly summ$ up z foll[s3 ,! pres5t disord]$ condition ( ! book1 ,kohele?1 is ! result ( ! %ift+ ( ! %eets ( ! ,hebrew manuscript f _! orig9al places & ( ! addition ( a numb] ( delib]ate int]polations4 ,! latt] are ( two k9ds3 ^? :i* seem$ necess>y = ! purpose ( supply+ ! cem5t requir$ to jo9 toge!r ! unconnect$ v]ses :i*1 9 consequ5ce ( ! dislocation1 7 unexpect$ly plac$ side by side1 & ! passages compos$ ) ! object ( ton+ d[n1 or s]v+ z a c\nt]poise to ! v unor?odox views ( ! writ]4 ,pr(essor ,bickell's assumption involves no inh]5t improbability1 runs c\nt] to no asc]ta9$ facts1 & is !re=e p]fectly t5able4 ,:at x supposes to h occurr$ to ,kohele? has1 9 fact1 (t5 happ5$ to o!r works1 religi\s & pr(ane4 ,x c be conclusively %[n1 = in/ance1 t c]ta9 leaves ( ! ,book ( ,ecclesia/icus dropp$1 9 l mann]1 f ! ,greek ,codex1 :]eby ?ree *apt]s 7 transpos$ f _! orig9al places2 = ! ,lat9 & ,syriac v]sions1 :i* 7 made be=e ! accid5t1 /ill exhibit ! orig9al & only intelligible arrangem5t4 ,an old ,syriac manuscript ( ! poems ( ,isaac ( ,antio*1 n[ 9 ! ,vatican ,libr>y1 suff]$ consid]ably f a simil> mi%ap1 & v>i\s o!r cases 9 po9t h come "u ! notice ( ori5tali/s & ar*aeologi/s4#gh ,9 ! pres5t in/ance1 :at is believ$ to h tak5 place is ?is4 ,! ,hebrew ,codex1 ( :i* no translation _h z yet be5 made1 consi/$ ( a s]ies ( fascicules1 ea* "o ( :i* conta9$ f\r %eets once fold$1 or f\r d\ble leaves1 ! av]age numb] ( *>act]s on ea* s+le leaf am\nt+ to ab\t #ebe4gi ,! ,codex1 :i* mo/ probably includ$ o!r treatises prec$+ & foll[+ ,kohele?1 possess$ an unkn[n numb] ( fascicules1 ,kohele? beg9n+ on ! six? leaf ( "o & end+ on ! ?ird ( ! f\r? foll[+4 ,accord+ to ! hypo!sis we are consid]+1 ! middle fascicules becom+ loose1 fell out ( ! ,codex1 & 7 f\nd by "s "o :o 0 utt]ly unqualifi$ to replace !m 9 position4 ,?is p]son took ! inn] half ( ! second1#hj fold$ x inside out1 & !n laid x 9 ! new ord]#ha imm$iately aft] ! fir/ fascicule4 ,next came ! inn] %eet ( ! ?ird fascicule1#hb foll[$ by ! outside half ( ! second1#hc 9 ! middle ( :i* ! two d\ble leaves1 #ac1 #ah1 & #ad1 #ag1 _h already be5 ins]t$4#hd ,al?\gh ! f\r? fascicule _h kept its place1 x 0 n on ?is acc\nt pres]v$ f ! effects ( ! confus+ *anges caus$ by ! loos5+ ( ! ligature1 = betwe5 its two fir/ leaves ! rema9+ %eet ( ! ?ird fascicule#he f\nd a place4 ,f9ally1 leaf #ag becom+ sep>at$ f its new environm5t1 f\nd a def9ite re/+-place betwe5 #ai & #ba4hf ,! result ( ?is dislocation 0 ! utt] disappe>ance ( all trace ( plan 9 ! "w1 ! incoh]5ces ( :i* w\ld be /ill m num]\s & gl>+1 _h x n be5 = ! transitional words & phrases t 7 soon aft] int]polat$ = ! purpose ( weld+ toge!r passages t 7 nev] int5d$ to dovetail4#hg ,su* is ! +5i\s !ory4 ,! degree ( probability atta*+ to x dep5ds p>tly on ! weight ( corroborative evid5ce to be f\nd 9 ! book itself1 & p>tly on ! complet5ess ) :i* x expla9s ! _m difficulties :i* ! traditionali/ view c\ld b =mulate4 ,?or\ghly to sift & weigh ?is evid5ce1 mu* ( :i* is ( a purely philological "*1 w\ld require a book to itself2 b x w n be amiss to give "o or two in/ances ( ! nature ( ! argum5ts reli$ ^u4 ,*ap4 x4 #a1 9 ! pres5t text1 is :olly corrupt1 ow+ to ! circum/ance t sev]al int]polations 7 ins]t$ 9 x at a lat] date4 ,n[ a little reflection suffices to %[ t ^! additions consi/ ( words tak5 f *ap4 vii4 #a4 ,b if ! book _h be5 compos$ z x n[ /&s1 su* a transposition w\ld be practically impossible1 because *ap4 x4 is sep>at$ f *ap4 vii4 by too great an int]val4 ,9 ! orig9al sequ5ce1 h[ev]1 :i* ,pr(4 ,bickell's !ory supposes & re/ores1 !re 0 no difficulty4 ,!re ! leaf ix4 #aa-x4 #a 0 foll[$ by two leaves conta9+ vi4 #h-vii4 #bb1 s t ! words preci\s1 & wisdom is bett] ?an glory1 might h be5 easily %ift$ to x4 #a f ! m>g9 ( vii4 #a4 ,aga91 9 ! primitive sequ5ce viii4 #d 0 imm$iately foll[$ by x4 #b4 ,aft] ! dislocation ( ! leaves x 0 errone\sly plac$ be=e viii4 #f1 a few words hav+ be5 previ\sly int]polat$ betwe5 ! two1 solely 9 ! int]e/s ( or?odoxy4#hh ,9 ord] to bridge ov] ! gap betwe5 !m1 a transitional half v]se 0 /rung toge!r1 9 an absolutely me*anical mann]1 f words t prec$e or foll[4 ,& ! words t prec$e & foll[ are ^? :i* we f9d 9 ! primitive arrangem5t ( ! manuscript1 n 9 ! pres5t sequ5ce4 ,?us1 at ! bottom ( ! leaf conta9+ viii4 #d1 ! fir/ words1 leb *akham1#hi ( ! foll[+ v]se 7x4 #b7 7 ins]t$1 & !n by inadv]t5ce repeat$ on ! next leaf4 ,see+ ^! words1 ! au?or ( ! transition made !m ! subject ( 8 new v]se4 ,he select$ ! grammatical objects ( ! s5t5ce f ! v]se :i* foll[s 9 ! new sequ5ce1#ij & took ! v]b f ! prec$+ half v]se1 :i* is itself an old] int]polation4 ,la/ly1 ,kohele?'s treatise1 :i* 9 our ,bibles is utt]ly devoid ( ord] or sequ5ce1 falls naturally1 9 its re/or$ =m1 into two di/9ct halves3 a speculative & a practical1 di/+ui%$ f ea* o!r by *>act]i/ics prop] to ea*1 :i* !re is no mi/ak+4 ,! =m]1 = in/ance1 conta9s b few metrical passages1 :]eas ! latt] is compos$ ( poetry & prose 9 almo/ equal proportions4 ,! e?ical "p cont9ually addresses ! read] himself 9 ! second p]son s+ul>1 :ile ! discursive section nev] does4 ,9 a ^w1 int]nal evid5ce leaves no d\bt t1 :e!r ! dislocation ( ! *apt]s 0 ! result ( accid5t or design1 ?is 0 ! gr\nd plan ( ! orig9al treatise4 ,footnotes3 #gg ,pr(essor ,*eyne discusses ,bickell's !ory ) ! caution *>act]i/ic ( ,engli% !ology & ! fairness ( unprejudic$ s*ol>%ip 7,job & ,solomon1 p4 #bgc fol474 #gh ,cf4 = in/ance1 ,cornill1 ,!ologis*es ,lit]aturblatt1 ,sept4 #ai1 #ahhd4 #gi ,?is mean e/imate tallies ) calculations made by ! late ,pr(essor ,lag>de = ano!r book ( ! ,old ,te/am5t4 #hj ,! leaves #f1 #g1 #h1 #i4 #ha ,! pages foll[+ ea* o!r ?us3 #h1 #i1 #f1 #g4 #hb ,leaves #ae & #af4 #hc #d1 #e1 #aj1 #aa4 #hd ,s t ! ord] 0 !n3 #d1 #e1 #ac1 #ad1 #ag1 #ah1 #aj1 #aa4 #he #ab1 #ai4 #hf ,! sequ5ce ( ! leaves 0 !n2 #a1 #b1 #c1 #h1 #i1 #f1 #g1 #ae1 #af1 #d1 #e1 #ac1 #ad1 #ah1 #aj1 #aa1 #bj1 #ab1 #ai1 #ag1 #ba1 #bb4 #hg ,! mo/ practical & simple way ( realis+ ,pr(essor ,bickell's !ory is to make a little book ( f\r fascicules ( f\r d\ble leaves ea*4 ,on ^! leaves write ! cont5ts ( ! orig9al manuscript leaves 9 *apt] & v]se numb]s4 ,on ea* ( ! ?ree la/ leaves ( ! fir/ fascicule 7c\nt+1 z 9 ,hebrew1 f "r to left7 write i4 #a-;ii4 #aa4 ,on ! fir/ two leaves ( ! second fascicule write v4 #i-vi4 #g 7?is mu/ be writt5 on ea* ( ! leaves1 z x is n q c]ta9 h[ !y 7 divid$74 ,on ?ird & f\r? leaves ( ! second fascicule write iii4 #i-;iv4 #h2 on ea* ( ! fif? & six? leaves1 ii4 #ab-;iii4 #h4 ,on ! sev5? & eigh? leaves1 viii4 #f-;ix4 #c4 ,!n comes ! ?ird fascicule4 ,on ! fir/ leaf1 write ix4 #aa-x4 #a2 on ! second & ?ird leaves1 vi4 #h-vii4 #bb on ! f\r? & fif? leaves1 iv4 #i-v4 #h2 on ! six? leaf1 x4 #af-xi4 #f2 on ! sev5? leaf1 vii4 #bc-viii4 #e2 on ! eigh? leaf1 x4 #b-ae4 ,la/ly comes ! f\r? fascicule4 ,on ! fir/ leaf1 ix4 #c-aj1 on ! second & ?ird leaves1 xi4 #g-xii4 #h4 #hh ,! fir/ half ( viii4 #e3 ,:oso keepe? ! comm&m5t %all feel no evil ?+4 ,?is int]polation is old] ?an ! accid5t to ! ,,ms4 #hi ,! he>t ( ! wise4 #ij viii4 #f4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,kohelet',s ,,!ory ,,( ,,life ,read 9 its primitive %ape1 ! book is a sy/ematic disquisition on ! que/ions1 ,:at positive boon has life 9 /ore = u8 to :i* ! emphatic answ] is ,none2 & ,h[ _h we be/ occupy ! va9 days ( our wret*$ exi/5ce8 :i* ! au?or solves by recomm5d+ mod]ate s5su\s enjoym5t comb9$ ) heal?y activity4 ,he beg9s 8 gloomy m$itations ) a g5]al survey ( ! we>isome work+ ( ! ma*9]y ( ! _w1 :]e9 is nei!r re/ nor pr(it4 ,ev]y?+ is vanity1 & ! pursuit ( w9d4#ia ,exi/5ce 9 all its myriad =ms is an aimless1 endless1 hopeless endeav\r4 ,! v clod ( e>? manife/s its /riv+1 9 gravitation1 = ! atta9m5t ( a c5tral po9t )\t dim5sions1 :i*1 if realis$1 w\ld entail its own annihilation2 ! solids t5d to become liquids1 ! liquids to resolve !mselves 9 vap\r4 ,! plant gr[s f g]m ?r\gh /em & leaf to blossom & fruit1 :i* la/ is b ! beg9n+ ( a new g]m t aga9 develops ?r\gh fl[] to fruit1 & s on = ev] & ev]4 ,9 animals1 life is ! same re/less1 aimless1 unsatisfi$ /riv+1 9 ! fir/ place aft] reproduction1 foll[$ by ! dea? ( ! individual & ! appe>ance ( a new "o :i* 9 turn runs ?r\gh all ! /adia ( ! old4 ,! v matt] ( all organisms is ev] *ang+4 ,z = man1 8 :ole life is b "o long s]ies ( ye>n+s aft] objects1 ea* "o ( :i* pres5ts itself to 8 w z ! "o great goal until atta9$1 :]eupon x is ca/ aside to make way = ano!r4 ,we "k :at we long = to-day1 we %all "k :at we %all seek to-morr[2 b :at ! human race supremely desires1 its ultimate aim & end1 no man c say4 ,exi/5ce is a futile beat+ ( ! air1 a clut*+ ( ! w9d4 ,! liv+ make way = ! unborn1 ! dead n\ri% ! liv+2 no "o possesses ought t 0 n torn f "s o!r be+2 /rife & hate1 evil & pa9 are ! commonplaces ( exi/5ce2 life & dea? foll[ ea* o!r ev]la/+ly4 ,all /riv+ is want & !re=e suff]+1 until x is satisfi$1 :5 x assumes ! =m ( disappo9tm5t2 = no satisfaction is la/+4 ,9 a ^w1 ! univ]se is a :eel t revolves on its axis = ev]--& !re is no ultimate aim or end 9 x all4#ib ,k1 wisdom1 & enjoym5t1 ea* ( :i* ,kohele? *>act]ises by a di/i*1 are likewise va91 or worse4 ,:at1 !n1 is ! secret ( happ9ess8 ,surely n weal?1 :i* ! ,prea*] himself hav+ possess$ & appli$ to useful & good purposes1 prov$ empt9ess 9 ! end4#ic ,weal?1 inde$1 is no?+ if n a means to happ9ess1 yet exp]i5ce tells u t ! pa9s endur$ 9 /riv+ = x1 & ! anxiety suff]$ 9 pres]v+ x1 effectually de/roy our capacity = enjoy+ ! bliss :i* x is suppos$ to insure1 long be=e mis=tune or dea? snat*es x f our grasp4#id ,va9 z pleasure is1 9 a _w ( positive evils x is at lea/ a negative good1 9 t x helps to make u =get ! vanity ( ! days ( our life4#ie ,= ?is reason1 no d\bt1 x is well-nigh unatta9able1 ! _m be+ depriv$ ( ! means1 ! few ( ! capacity1 ( enjoym5t4#if ,pass+ on to ! consid]ation ( wisdom1 ! ,hebrew philosoph] f9ds x equally empty & va91 because subject to ! same limitations & *>act]is$ by ! same drawbacks4 ,x is cavi>e to ! million1 & a fre% s\rce ( sorr[ to ! few4 ,man is tortur$ ) a ?ir/ = k1 & yet all ! spr+s at :i* x might h be5 allay$ are seal$ up4 ,unreal %ad[s are ! objects ( human intuition1 we are d5i$ a glimpse ( ! und]ly+ reality4 ,= x is unkn[able4 ,ev5 ! little we c "k is n inspirit+4 ,take our fell[-m51 _! ways & works1 = in/ance1 & :at d we behold8 ,_! own evil-do+1 inju/ice1 & viol5ce1 drag !m d[n to ! level ( ! brute2 & t ?is is _! natural level is obvi\s1 if we be> 9 m9d t ! end ( m5 is t ( ! bea/s ( ! fields1#ig & t ! rul+ p[] )9 !m1 ! me*anism1 s to say1 ( ^! liv+ & feel+ automata is love ( life4 ,consid] m5 at _! be/--:5 cultivat+ su* relative virtues z indu/ry1 zeal1 dilig5ce 9 _! crafts & call+s1 & we f9d ^! good actions ta9t$ at ! v s\rce3 love ( self & jeal\sy ( o!rs be+ ! det]m9+ motives4#ih ,9 any case we see t "w is no help to happ9ess1 = x is too evid5t t toil & moil--ev5 t ( ! writ] himself1 :o kn[s full well t he is lab\r+ = a /rang]--is b ! price we pay1 n = real pleasure1 b = c>k+ c>e & poignant grief4#ii ,su* be+ ! bitt] fruits ( k1 ! tree on :i* !y fl\ri% is sc>cely wor? cultivat+4 ,wisdom 9 its e?ical aspect1 z a rule ( "r conduct1 is unavail+ z a weapon to combat ! ,fate t fights aga9/ man4 ,nay1 x is n ev5 a gu>antee t we %all be rememb]$ by ^? :o come aft] u1 & ^: lot we h /riv5 to r5d] less unbe>able ?an our own4 ,! memory ( ! dead is buri$ 9 _! graves1#ajj & ! :eels ( ! va/ ma*9e revolve z if !y _h nev] liv$4 ,= a man's moral wor? goes = no?+ 9 ! scale aga9/ ,fate1 ^: laws op]ate ) cru%+ regul>ity1 unmodifi$ by 8 virtues or 8 crimes4#aja ,inde$1 if !re be any p]ceptible diff]5ce betwe5 ! lot ( ! upright & t ( ! wick$1 x is (t5 to ! advantage ( ! latt]1 :o are fur!r$ by _! fi]ce recklessness & borne onw>ds by ambition4#ajb ,! k ( ?is curi\s /ate ( ?+s s]ves b to enc\rage evil-do]s4#ajc ,! obvi\s conclusion is t in/ead ( fight+ aga9/ ,fate :i* is unalt]able--,i discov]$ t :atev] ,god doe? is =ev]#ajd--we %\ld resign ourselves to our lot & draw ! practical inf]5ce f ! fact t life is an evil4 ,wisdom 9 its practical aspect is equally unpromis+4 ,9 no walk ( life is success ! me$ ( m]it or victory ! unfail+ gu]don ( h]oism4#aje ,su* wisdom z is )9 man's rea* is (t5 a positive disadvantage 9 life1 ow+ to ! mode/y x inspires z pitt$ aga9/ ! self-confid5ce ( noisy fools4 ,besides1 %\ld x contrive to build up a /ately /ructure1 a small dose ( folly1 ) :i* all human wisdom is l>gely alloy$1 is capable1 9 an in/ant1 ( undo+ ! "w ( ye>s4#ajf ,9 a ^w1 ! wise man is (t5 worse (f ?an ! fool2 & 9 any case1 no degree ( wisdom c influ5ce ! laws ( ! univ]se2 :at happ5s is =$oom$2 a man's life-j\rney is mapp$ out be=eh&1 & x is hopeless to /ruggle ) ! ,w :i* is mighti] ?an 8 own4 ,z we "k n :at is pre-arrang$1 we c nev] f9d out :at w dovetail ) our true int]e/s or is really good = man4#ajg ,footnotes3 #ia i4 #b-aa #ib ,cf4 ,s*op5hau]1 vol4 i4 #dja-djb1 & passim4 #ic ii4 #c-aa4 #id v4 #i-af4 #ie ,pa91 !n1 = ,kohele?1 z = a great] ?an ,kohele?1 is some?+ positive2 pleasure1 on ! contr>y1 negative4 ,we feel pa91 b n pa9lessness2 we feel c>e1 b n exemption f x2 fe>1 b n safety4444 ,only pa9 & privation are p]ceiv$ z positive & ann\nce !mselves2 well-be+1 on ! contr>y1 is m]ely negative4 ,h5ce x is t we are nev] consci\s ( ! ?ree greate/ boons ( life--heal?1 y\?1 & fre$om z su*1 s long z we possess !m1 b only :5 we h lo/ !m3 = !y too are negations4444 ,! h\rs fly ! quick] ! pleasant] !y are2 !y drag !mselves on ! sl[li] ! m pa9fully !y are pass$1 because pa91 n enjoym5t1 is ! some?+ positive ^: pres5ce makes itself felt4--,s*op5hau]1 ed4 ,griseba*1 ii4 #fgf1 #fgg4 #if v4 #ag-vi4 #g2 iii4 #i1 #ab-ac4 #ig iii4 #ai-;iv4 #c4 #ih iv4 #d-f4 #ii iv4 #g1 #h2 ii4 #ah-bc4 #ajj ii4 #ac-af4 #aja iii4 #a-h1 viii4 #f-h4 #ajb viii4 #i-ad4 #ajc viii4 #ad1 ix4 #c4 #ajd iii4 #ad4 #aje ix4 #aa-ab4 #ajf ix4 #ac-ah1 x4 #a4 #ajg vi4 #h1 #aj-ab4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,practical ,,wisdom ,hav+ ?us cle>$ ! gr\nd 9 ! fir/ "p ( ! treatise1 ,kohele? proce$s to erect 8 own mode/ sy/em 9 ! second4 ,z life (f]s u no positive good1 ^? :o1 9 spite ( ?is obvi\s fact1 desire x1 mu/ make ! be/ ( su* negative advantages z are )9 _! grasp4 ,al?\gh s f> f be+ a boon1 x is an evil1 yet x may1 he po9ts out1 be r5d]$ less irksome by foll[+ c]ta9 practical rules2 & w>m+ to 8 subject1 he w9ds up ) an exhortation to snat* su* pleasures z are )9 rea*1 = :5 all acc\nts h be5 f9ally ca/ up & ev]y?+ has be5 said & done1 all ?+s w prove vanity1 & a grasp+ ( w9d4 ,! e?ics op5 ) six metrical /rophes compos$1 s to say1 9 ! m9or key1 :i* h>monises ) ! di%e>t5+ conclusions ( ! =ego+4 ,! !me is ! ,horatian ,levius fit pati5tia quicquid corrig]e e/ nefas4 ,dea? is bett] ?an life1 grief m becom+ ?an mir?1 contemplation pref]able to desire1 delib]ation m s]viceable ?an ha/e4#ajh ,! fleet+ joys & ! abid+ evils ( exi/5ce1 are to be tak5 z we f9d !m1 see+ t x is beyond our p[] to alt] ! proportions 9 :i* !y are mix$1 ev5 by ! practice ( virtue & ! application ( k4 ,h5ce ev5 9 ! cultivation ( righte\sness ! rule1 ,ne quid nimis1 is to be implicitly foll[$3 ,be n righte\s ov]mu*1 nei!r make ?yself ov]wise4#aji ,on ! o!r h&1 wisdom is n to be despis$1 = x h>d5s u aga9/ ! /rokes ( ,fate1 & r5d]s u ins5sible to ! insults ( our fell[s4#aaj ,x also tea*es u ! drawbacks ( isolation1 ! b5efits ( co-op]ation1 & ! advantage ( be+ op5 to c\nsel4#aaa ,! basis ( all practical wisdom be+ resignation to ! inevitable1 ob$i5ce to ,god is bett] ?an sacrifices de/9$ to influ5ce ,8 action4 ,:at ,he does1 is done = ev]1 & our ef=ts are p[]less to alt] x1 or to induce ,him to *ange x4#aab ,god is f> (f1 unkn[able1 inaccessible1 & man is "h ^u e>?1 & su* pray]s z we feel dispos$ to (f]1 _h be/ be %ort & few2 v[s too1 al?\gh to be c>ri$ out if once made1 s]ve no good purpose1 & are to be avoid$4 ,9 a ^w1 wild speculations & _m words 9 matt]s ( religion & !ology are va9 & p]nici\s4#aac ,t "w & ent]prise are b5eficial 9 public & private life is obvi\s f a /udy ( ! results eng5d]$ by _! opposites4#aad ,simple individuals1 no less ?an rul]s1 may b5efit by ent]prise & initiative1 provid$ t prud5ce1 by multiply+ ! possibilities ( pr(it1 leaves z little z possible to ! vag>ies ( *ance4#aae ,b prud5ce is especially ne$$ 9 ord] to avoid ! s$uctive wiles ( woman1 aga9/ :om "o mu/ be ev] on "o's gu>d4#aaf ,x also enjo9s ^u u submission to ! political rul] ( ! day1 :o possesses ! p[] to en=ce 8 w1 & is !re=e a liv+ embodim5t ( ! inevitable4#aag ,9 a ^w1 ?is practical wisdom assumes ! =m ( a c>eful adju/m5t ( means to ! end 9 all ! ups & d[ns ( exi/5ce4#aah ,aft] ?is foll[s ! recomm5dation ( ! negative good3 ! s5su\s joys )9 our rea*4 ,see+ t no man kn[s :at evil is be=e him1 nor :at ?+s w happ5 aft] him1 he _c g f> a/ray1 suppos+ him to be actuat$ by a desire to make ! be/ ( life1 if he ta/es 9 mod]ation ( ! pleasures t lie on 8 pa?1 includ+ ^? ( lab\r4#aai ,! "y g5]ation %\ld1 9 an especial mann]1 take ?is to he>t & pluck ! rosebuds :ile x may1 = old age & dea? are hurri$ly approa*+ to prove by _! pres5ce t all is vanity & a grasp+ ( w9d4#abj ,footnotes3 #ajh vii4 #a-f1 vi4 #i1 vii4 #g-i4 #aji vii4 #aj1 #ac-ad1 #ae-ah4 #aaj vii4 #ba-bb4 #aaa iv4 #i-af4 #aab iii4 #ad4 #aac v4 #a-g4 #aad v4 #g-h1 x4 #af-bj4 #aae x4 #a-c1 #f1 #d1 #e4 #aaf vii4 #bf-bi4 #aag viii4 #a-d1 x4 #b-g4 #aah x4 #h-ad;a1 #ae4 #aai x4 #ad;b1 ix4 #c-aj1 xi4 #g-aj4 #abj xi4 #i1 xii4 #h4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,kohele?',s ,,philosophy ,,( ,,life ,kohele?1 :o agrees ) ,job 9 s _m o!r ess5tial po9ts1 is likewise at "o ) him 9 8 views on human k1 or1 z he t]ms x1 wisdom1 :i* is ! s\rce ( ! highe/ good )9 ! rea* ( man4 ,! only light :i* we h to guide u ?r\gh ! murky mazes ( exi/5ce1 is at be/ b a mis]able tap] :i* s]ves only to r5d] ! et]nal d>kness pa9fully visible4 ,i set my he>t to le>n wisdom & und]/&+4 ,& my he>t disc]n$ mu* wisdom & k4444 ,i realis$ t ?is also is b a grasp+ ( w9d4#aba ,! sc5es x reveals 9 ! moral z well z ! mat]ial ord] are ( a nature to make u hate exi/5ce4 ,!n ,i loa!d life4#abb ,inde$1 ! s-call$ moral ord] :i*1 7 x1 9 !ory1 :at x is ass]t$ to be 9 tru?1 might reconcile u to our lot & k9dle a sp>k ( hope 9 ! human brea/1 is b ! embodim5t ( rank immorality4 ,all ?+s come alike to all indiscrim9ately2 ! "o fate ov]take? ! upright man & ! miscreant1 ! clean & ! unclean1 him :o sacrifices & him :o sacrifices n1 ! j & ! s9n]4#abc ,:at !n is life8 ,to ?is "q ! answ] is1 9 effect1 ,! %ad[ ( a ?+ :i* is n4 ,! sights & s\nds ( ! univ]se are ! only mat]ials ^u :i* ! human intellect c "w2 & !y are all alike empty1 %ad[y1 unreal4 ,!y are ! creation ( ! m9d itself1 ! web x weaves f its own gossam] sub/ance2 & beyond ?is are no?+4 ,space & "t1 or1 z ,kohele? expresses x1 ! univ]se & et]nity1 7 plac$ 9 our consci\sness f ! v fir/1 & are z deceptive z ! mirage ( ! des]t4#abd ,kant w\ld def9e !m to be functions ( ! bra94 ,a projection ( ! organ ( human ?\ght1 ! _w is wov5 ( ?ree ?reads--space1 "t1 & causality--:i*1 be+ id5tical ) ! m9d1 appe> & vani% ) x4 ,! "o und]ly+ reality1 :e!r we t]m x ,god1 ,nature1 or ,w1 is absolutely unkn[able1#abe & ev]y?+ else is ,maya or illusion4 ,/range z ?is doctr9e may s\nd 9 or?odox e>s1 x conta9s1 s f>1 no?+ incompatible ) ,*ri/ianity1 :i* tea*es t "t & space w disappe> along ) ?is transitory exi/5ce1 & t ! "o et]nal & incompreh5sible ,w is outside ! sph]e ( bo? & exempt f ! op]ation ( ! law ( cause & effect4 ,! only diff]5ce betwe5 ! two is t ,*ri/ianity admits ! exi/5ce ( _m be+s outside ! realm ( space & "t1 :]eas )\t space & "t multiplicity is inconceivable1 impossible4 ,we _c hope to "k ! "o reality :i* is & acts und]nea? ! appe>ances ( :i* our _w is made up1 because k is = ev] =m$1 col\r$ & b\nd$ by "t1 space1 & causation1 & all ?ree are unreal4 ,!y alone con/itute succession & multiplicity1 :i* are !re=e only app>5t1 n exi/5t4 ,we c conceive no?+ b :at is1 01 or w be 7& !re=e 9 "t71 no?+ outside ourselves b :at is 9 space1 & absolutely n\ght t is n a cause or an effect4 ,f> (f is t :i* is1 & deep1 deep1 :o c fa?om x8#abf ,b we possess insight & und]/&+ en\gh to enable u to p]ceive t life is a positive evil1 z1 inde$1 all evil1 pa91 & suff]+ are positive2 t pleasures are few1 & be+ negative by _! nature1 m]ely s]ve to make u less s5sible ( ! evils ( exi/5ce2 t happ9ess is a *ima]a1 bir? a curse1 dea? a boon1#abg & absolute no?+ness 7,nirvana7 ! only real good4 ,! hope ( improvem5t1 progress1 evolution1 is a cruel mock]y2 = ! pres5t is b a rehe>sal ( ! pa/2 ! future w be a repetition ( bo?2#abh ev]y?+ t is & w be1 02 :at came into be+ _h be5 long be=e1 & :at w be 0 long ago4#abi ,9 a ^w1 :at we t]m progress is b ! movem5t ( a va/ :eel revolv+ on its axis ev]la/+ly4 ,b may we n hope = "s bett] & high] /ate 9 ! future life beyond ! tomb :]e vice w be puni%$ & virtue rew>d$8 ,to ?is qu]y ,kohele?'s reply1 l t giv5 by ,job1 is an emphatic negative2 & yet ! doctr9es ( ! immortality ( ! s\l & ( ! resurrection 7 rapidly mak+ headway among ! writ]'s contempor>ies4 ,b he descries no?+ 9 ! mat]ial or moral ord] ( ! _w to w>rant any su* belief4 ,:at is !re 9 mat]ial man t he %\ld be immortal8 ,m5 are an accid5t1 & ! bea/s are an accid5t1 & ! same accid5t befalle? !m all2 z ^! die ev5 s die ^?1 & ! selfsame brea? h !y all1 nor is !re any preem95ce ( man above bea/2 = all is no?+ness4#acj ,nor c any su* flatt]+ hope be gr\nd$ ^u ! moral ord]1 because !re are no signs ( morality 9 ! conduct ( ! _w4 ,to righte\s m5 t happ5e? :i* %\ld befall wrong-do]s1 & t betide? crim9als :i* %\ld fall to ! lot ( ! upright4#aca ,nay1 !re are j m5 :o p]i% ?r\gh _! righte\sness1 & !re are wick$ m5 :o prolong _! lives by means ( _! iniquity4#acb ,( div9e promises & revelations ,kohele?--:o c h>dly claim to be consid]$ a !i/1 & ^: ,god is ,fate1 ,nature1 et]nal ,w--kn[s no?+4 ,! mo/ fav\rable judgm5t he c pass ^u su* !ological speculations is f> f enc\rag+3 9 ! multitude ( fancies & prattle !re likewise lurke? mu* vanity4#acc ,9 et]nal ju/ice1 h[ev]1 he pr(esses a /rong belief1 &1 l ,job1 he =mulates 8 fai? 9 ! words3 ,fe> ?\ ,god4#acd ,to accuse ,kohele? ( ,epicureanism is to take a "o-sid$ view ( 8 philosophy4 ,8 conception ( life1 its pleasures & pa9s1 is z cle>ly & emphatically express$ z t ( ! ,buddha or ( ,s*op5hau]4 ,he is an uncompromis+ pessimi/1 :o sees ! _w z x is4 ,ev]y?+ t seems pleasant or pr(itable is vanity & a grasp+ ( w9d2 !re is no?+ positive b pa91 no?+ real b ! et]nal ,w1 :i* is c]ta9ly unkn[able & probably unconsci\s4 ,^! tru?s1 h[ev]1 are n grasp$ by e "o2 !y are ! bitt] fruits ( t r>e k1 increase ( :i* is increase ( sorr[4 ,! few :o ta/e !re( cl+ too t5aci\sly to life1 ?\gh life be w$d$ to sorr[ & mis]y1 to r5\nce su* deceitful pleasures z are )9 _! rea*2 & ! bulk ( mank9d revel 9 ! empty joys ( liv+4 ,to all su*1 ,kohele? (f]s "s practical rules ( conduct to enable !m to make ! be/ ( :at is to be _h2 b ! gi/ ( 8 disc\rse is id5tical ) ^? ( ,jesus1 ( ! ,buddha1 ( ,s*op5hau]--r5unciation4 ,human pleasures1 :atev] _! orig91 are limit$ 9 degree by man's capacity = enjoym5t2 & ?is is an inborn gift1 v>y+ 9 diff]5t individuals b un*ang+ 9 ea*4 ,"s dispositions1 *e]ful & sangu9e by nature1 t+e ev5 ! blacke/ cl\ds ( mis=tune ) ! ra9b[ hues ( hope2 o!rs imp>t a sombre col\r to ! mo/ auspici\s ev5t1 & descry cause = dread 9 ! mo/ complete success1 j z ! bee sucks honey f ! fl[] :i* yields only poison to ! add]4 ,all joys1 al?\gh produc$ by ! *emi/ry ( our consci\sness1 are drawn ei!r f )9 its inn] sph]e or f )\t4 ,! =m]1 kn[n z intellectual pleasures1 are relatively la/+ because !y emanate f :at man is2 ! latt] are fleet+ because _! s\rce is ei!r :at he has or :at he seems4 ,^! are nev] free f alloy2 prec$$ by ! pa9 ( desire1 !y are accompani$ by t ( dis5*antm5t & foll[$ by t$ium1 ! wor/ pa9 ( all2 ^? are exempt f all ?ree1 because in/ead ( gratify+ pass+ :ims !y free ! intellect f drudg+ = ! w & af=d x mom5t>y glimpses ( tru?4 ,wisdom !re=e1 = ,kohele? z = ,job1 is ! greate/ boon t c fall to man's lot4#ace ,& yet ! law ( comp5sation1 op]at+ "h z 9 all o!r sph]es1 s5sibility to pa9 is always proportionate to capacity = intellectual enjoym5t4 ,) reg>d to ! pleasures ( possession1 see+ t !y are (t5 difficult ( atta9m5t & always prec>i\s1 we mu/ be mod]ate 9 _! pursuit & make ! mo/ ( su* z fall to our lot4 ,cont5tm5t "h is ev]y?+1 & cont5tm5t is ! result ( an ev5 balance betwe5 desire & fulfilm5t1 ! =m] be+ always 9 our p[] & ! latt] g5]ally beyond our control4 ,to su* happ9ess z possession c be/[1 x is immat]ial :e!r our dem&s are l[]$ or our prosp]ity increas$1 j z 9 ari?metic x matt]s n :e!r we divide ! d5om9ator ( a fraction or multiply its num]ator by ! same numb]4 ,!re=e1 ,bett] look ) ! eyes ?an w&] ) desire4#acf ,! gold5 rule is to keep our wi%es )9 ! b\nds ( mod]ation1 & to adju/ !m to unfav\rable circum/ances4 ,! ri* man :o wants no?+ & covets a m]e trifle :i* is beyond 8 grasp1 is supremely wret*$1 :ile ! poor man :o ne$s mu* b longs = no?+1 is *e]ful & cont5t$4 ,b ev5 if weal? 7 z easily obta9$ z x is difficult1 ! law ( comp5sation %\ld det] u f seek+ x4 ,sweet is ! sleep ( ! toil]1 b 8 weal? suff]e? n ! ri* man to slumb]4#acg ,! only enjoym5ts common to all m5 are ^? :i* consi/ 9 ! satisfaction ( natural wants2 ! pleasures :i* weal? c pur*ase ov] & above ^! are trifl+1 & m ?an outweigh$ by ! pa9 ( c>k+ c>e :i* x br+s 9 its tra94 ,he :o lab\rs = ?is is1 !re=e1 cutt+ a /ick = 8 own back3 all 8 days are sorr[s & 8 "w grief4#ach ,!re is no good = man1 !n--= ! common run ( mank9d :o1 deb>r$ f intellectual enjoym5t1 yet cl+ t5aci\sly to life--save t he %\ld eat & dr9k1 & make glad 8 s\l 9 8 lab\r4#aci ,heal? be+ ! condition ( all enjoym5t1 & "o ( ! greate/ ( e>?ly boons1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to pres]ve x by eat+1 dr9k+1 lab\r1 & re/1 & by mod]ation 9 all ?+s4 ,= pa9lessness1 :i* is positive1 is always to be pref]r$ to pleasure1 :i* is negative4 ,x matt]s little to ! /rong man t he is o!rwise hale & ?riv+1 if he suff] f an excruciat+ too?a*e or lumbago4 ,he =gets ev]y?+ else & ?9ks only ( 8 mis]y4 ,! _w1 !n1 be+ a t]re/rial hell1 !y :o love x z a dwell+-place _c d bett] ?an try to con/ruct a firepro( abode !re94 ,to hunt = pleasures :ile expos+ oneself to ! risk ( pa9 is folly2 to escape suff]+ ev5 at ! sacrifice ( enjoym5ts is worldly wisdom4 ,z ,ari/otle put x1 ,greek3 ho phronimos to alupon diokei1 ou to ha$u4 ,b :5 all has be5 said & done1 ! highe/ worldly wisdom is b a less h>mful species ( folly4 ,exi/5ce is an evil1 & ! sole effective rem$y r5unciation4 ,footnotes3 #aba i4 #ag1 #af;b4 #abb ii4 #ag4 #abc ix4 #b4 #abd iii4 #aa4 #abe vii4 #bd1 cf4 also v4 #a4 #abf vii4 #bd1 cf4 also viii4 #af1 #ag4 #abg ,i apprais$ ! dead :o di$ long s9ce1 z happi] ?an ! quick :o are yet alive2 b lucki] ?an bo? him :o is /ill unborn1 :o ha? n yet witness$ ! evil do+s "u ! sun1 iv4 #b1 #c4 #abh ,9 tru?1 "t exi/+ only 9 ! intellect z "o ( ! =ms ( intuition1 !re c be nei!r pa/ nor future1 b an ev]la/+ n[4 #abi iii4 #ae4 #acj iii4 #ai4 #aca viii4 #ad4 #acb vii4 #ae4 #acc v4 #g4 #acd ,ibid4 #ace vii4 #aa1 #ab4 #acf vi4 #i4 #acg v4 #ab4 #ach ii4 #bc4 #aci ii4 #bd4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,s\rces ,,( ,,kohele?',s ,,philosophy ,to :at ext5t are ^! pessimi/ic doctr9es ! fruits ( ,kohele?'s own m$itations1 & h[ f> may !y be suppos$ to reflect ! views ( ! nation :i* admitt$ 8 treatise into its sacr$ canon8 ,! latt] half ( ?is "q is answ]$ by ! desp]ate ef=ts made f ! v beg9n+ to correct or dilute 8 pessimism1 & by ! grave suspicion ) :i* ,jewi% doctors cont9u$ to reg>d x1 long aft] ! poison _h be5 provid$ ) a suitable antidote4 ,?us ! book kn[n z ! ,wisdom ( ,solomon1 :i* is accept$ z canonical by ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 conta9s a flat contradiction & emphatic condemnation ( c]ta9 ( ! propositions laid d[n by ,kohele?1 z1 = in/ance1 9 *4 ii4 #a-i1 :i* is obvi\sly a /udi$ refutation ( ,kohele?'s pr9cipal !sis1 c\*$ ma9ly 9 ! id5tical words us$ by ! ,prea*] himself3 ,= !y h said1 reason+ ) !mselves1 b n "r3 ! "t ( our life is %ort & t$i\s1 & 9 ! end ( a man !re is no rem$y1 & no man ha? be5 kn[n to h return$ f hell4 ,= we are born ( no?+1 & aft] ?is we %all be z if we _h n be53 = ! brea? 9 our no/rils is smoke2 & spee* a sp>k to move our he>ts4 ,:i* be+ put out1 our body %all be a%es1 & our _s %all be p\r$ abroad z s(t air1 & our life %all pass away z ! trace ( a cl\d1 & %all be disp]s$ z a mi/1 :i* is driv5 away by ! beams ( ! sun1 & ov]p[]$ ) ! heat !re(4 ,& our "n 9 "t %all be =gott51 & no man %all h any remembrance ( our works4 ,= our "t is z ! pass+ ( a %ad[1 & !re is no go+ back ( our end3 = x is fa/ seal$1 & no man returne?4 ,come1 !re=e1 & let u enjoy ! good ?+s t are pres5t1 & let u spe$ily use ! creatures z 9 y\?4 ,let u fill ourselves ) co/ly w9e1 & o9tm5ts2 & let n ! fl[] ( ! "t pass by u4 ,let u cr[n ourselves ) roses be=e !y be )]$2 let no mead[ escape our riot4 ,let none ( u g )\t 8 "p 9 luxury3 let u ev]y:]e leave tok5s ( joy3 = ?is is our portion1 & ?is our lot4 ,al?\gh ! book 0 accept$ z canonical by g5]ations ( ,hebrew tea*]s & 0 quot$ z su* by m5 l ,gamaliel1 !re 0 always a /rong or?odox p>ty among ! ,jews oppos$ to its tea*+s & appreh5sive ( its influ5ce2#adj nor 0 x until ! ye> #aah ,a4,d4 t ! protract$ dispute on ! subject 0 at la/ def9itely settl$ at ! ,synod :i* admitt$ ,kohele? into ! ,canon4 ,x 0 natural en\gh t ,hebrew !ologians %\ld h hesitat$ to /amp ) ! seal ( or?odoxy a book :i* ! poet ,he9e calls ! ,canticles ( ,scepticism & 9 :i* e unbiass$ read] w recognise a p[]ful solv5t ( ! bases ( !ism2 & ! only surpris+ ?+ ab\t _! attitude is t !y %\ld h ev] all[$ !mselves to be p]suad$ to ab&on x4 ,= ,kohele?'s pessimi/ic !ory1 :i* has its roots 9 ,secul>ism1 is utt]ly incompatible ) ! _s ( ,judaism1 :i*ev] ( its hi/orical phases we may select = comp>ison4 ,x is gr\nd$ ^u ! rejection ( ! ,messianic expectations & absolute disbelief 9 ! solemn promises ( ,jahveh ,himself4 ,kohele? *]i%es no hope = ! individual1 8 nation1 or ! human race4 ,! ?+ t ha? be5 is ! same t %all be1 & :at befell is ! same t %all come to pass1 & !re is no new ?+ "u ! sun4444#ada ,i survey$ all ! works t are wr\ght "u ! sun1 & behold all 0 vanity & ! grasp+ ( w9d4#adb ,p]sians _h succe$$ ,*aldeans2 ,cyrus1 ! ,ano9t$ ( ,jahveh1 _h come & gone2 ,greeks _h wre/$ ! hegemony ( ! ,ea/ f ,p]sians1 b no *ange _h br\ght surcease ( sorr[ to ! ,jews4 ,!y 7 ev5 worse (f n[ ?an ev] be=e4 ,jahveh1 l ,baal ( old1 0 become deaf to ,8 wor%ipp]s1 _m ( :om turn$ away f ,him 9 despair1 exclaim+1 ,x is va9 to s]ve ,god1 & :at pr(it is x t we h kept ,8 ord9ance8#adc ,kohele?1 l ,job1 nev] once m5tions ,jahveh's "n1 b always alludes to ! ,et]nal ,w1 :i* alone is real & unkn[able1 "u ! col\rless "n ( ,elohim4 ,to say t he believ$ 9 a p]sonal ,god 9 any s5se 9 :i* a p]sonal ,god is ess5tial to a reveal$ religion1 is to misund]/& ideas or to play ) words4#add ,& ,kohele? 0 a type ( a class4 ,lit]>y m5 ( 8 day hav+ mock+ly ask$ = ! "n ( ! ,creator1#ade ,kohele? answ]s t ,he is inaccessible to m51 & t pray] to ,him is fruitless4#adf ,! ,jewi% ari/ocracy ( 8 day1 desir\s ( embody+ ^! views 9 a practical =m1 s\ght to aboli% once = all ! national religion1 z a body ( belief & practices t _h be5 weigh$ 9 ! balances & f\nd want+2 :ile ! p>ty t /ill rema9$ fai?ful to ! law 0 compos$ ma9ly ( n>r[-m9d$ fanatics1 ^: wild speculations1 long-w9d$ pray]s & frequ5t v[s1 ,kohele? consid]s des]v+ objects ( d]ision4 ,he himself held alo( f ei!r camp4 ,he took 8 /& outside ! circle ( bo?1 survey+ life f ! angle ( vision ( ! philosophical citiz5 ( ! _w4 ,b x w\ld be idle to d5y t he _h f> m 9 common ) ! impi\s ?an ) ! or?odox4 ,?us he scornfully rejects ! old doctr9e ( retribution1 & he is nev] tir$ ( affirm+ premisses f :i* ! obvi\s & inde$ only conclusion is t ! popul> conception ( a deity :o spontane\sly creat$ ! univ]se & vigilantly wat*es ov] ! ,hebrew nation1 is errone\s1 incr$ible1 inconceivable4 ,! ,jahveh ( old5 times1 ) ,8 gr& human passions & petty ,jewi% prejudices1 he simply ignores4 ,he naturally rejects ! immortality ( ! s\l--a t5et or !ory :i* 0 !n = ! fir/ "t beg9n+ to ga9 gr\nd & to be reli$ ^u z ! only means ( ultimately right+ ! wrongs ( exi/5ce4 ,! fact is t he _h no belief 9 a s\l z we und]/& x4 ,mod]n !ology reg>ds ! inde/ructible "p ( man z ess5tially intellig5t1 :ile admitt+ ! fact t intellect is indissolubly associat$ ) ! bra91 p>tak+ ( its vicissitudes dur+ life & vani%+ ) x app>5tly = ev] at dea?4 ,job1 ,kohele?1 & _m o!r writ]s ( ! ,old ,te/am5t hold t if any?+ ( ! man p]si/s aft] ! dea? ( ! individual1 x is unconsci\s4 ,! liv+ "k at lea/ t !y %all die1 :]eas ! dead "k n any?+ at all4#adg ,9 a ^w1 no o!r philosoph]1 poet1 or prov]b-writ] ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is less or?odox 9 8 beliefs or less ,jewi% 9 8 s5tim5ts--& ,agur alone is m aggressive 9 8 scepticism--?an ,kohele?4 ,mu* has be5 writt5 ab\t ! s\rces f :i* ?is writ] may & ev5 mu/ h drawn 8 peculi> mixture ( pessimism & ,epicureanism1 & consid]able /ress has be5 laid ^u ! pr(\nd influ5ce :i* ,greek culture is suppos$ to h ex]t$ ^u ,jewi% ?9k]s t[>ds ! second c5tury ,b4,c41 :5 ! moral atmosph]e 0 *ok$ ) ! baleful du/ ( sy/ems & ( cre$s4 ,! ,epicureanism ( ! man :o said3 ,bett] is sorr[ ?an laught]1 ! he>t ( ! wise is 9 ! m\rn+ h\se1#adh h>dly ne$s ! hypo!sis ( a ,greek orig9 to expla9 x4 ,my own view ( ! matt]1 :i* ,i put =w>d ) all due diffid5ce1 diff]s consid]ably f ^? :i* h be5 h]et(ore express$ on ! subject4 ,i _c dive/ myself ( ! notion t ,kohele? 0 acqua9t$1 & to "s ext5t imbu$1 ) ! doctr9es ( ,gautama ,buddha1 :i* mu/ h be5 pretty widely diffus$ 9 ! civilis$ _w t[>ds ! ye> #bje ,b4,c41 :5 ! pres5t treatise 0 mo/ probably compos$4#adi ,buddhism1 ! only "o ( ! _w-religions :i*1 spr++ f an ab/ruse sy/em ( metaphysics1 br\ght =? su* practical fruits z tru?fulness1 hone/y1 lov+-k9dness & univ]sal pity1 spread ) extraord9>y rapidity n only ?r\gh\t ! ,indian cont95t b ov] ! entire civilis$ _w4 ,its apo/les#aej visit$ =eign c\ntries1 t\*+ & conv]t+ by _! example ! he>ts & m9ds ( ^? :o 7 incapable ( weigh+ _! argum5ts1 or unwill+ to li/5 to _! exhortations4 ,!y introduc$ a mild1 tol]ant1 humane _s :i!rsoev] !y w5t1 prea*+ entire equality1 practis+ p]fect tol]ation1 f\nd+ h\ses = m$itation1 erect+ hospitals & disp5s>ies = sick m5 & bea/s1 cultivat+ useful plants & trees1 g5tly suppress+ cruelty to animals "u any pretext1#aea & g5]ally s[+ se$s ( sympa?y & bro!rly love ( :i* hi/ory has notic$ & describ$ b ! f9al fruits4 ,f ! e>lie/ record$ p]iod ,indian culture manife/$ a natural t5d5cy to exp&1 :i* 0 int5sifi$ at v>i\s times by ! comp>atively l[ ebb ( civilisation 9 ! adjo9+ c\ntries4 ,"o c readily conceive1 !re=e1 ! effects ( ! /r5u\s & p]sev]+ ef=ts ( "o ( ! mo/ p[]ful ,indian mon>*s1 ,aoka ,piyadassi1#aeb k+ ( ,magadha1 to propagate t aspect ( 8 c\ntry's civilisation :i* is indissolubly b\nd up ) ! doctr9es ( ! ,buddha4 ,aoka1 gr&son ( ! great k+ ,t%&ragupta1 0 ! fir/ mon>* :o op5ly accept$ ! t5ets & consci5ti\sly practis$ ! precepts ( ! pr(\nde/ religi\s tea*] ev] born ( woman2 & no m eloqu5t te/imony c\ld well be (f]$ to ! s9c]ity ( ! royal conv]t ?an ! well-nigh miracul\s self-re/ra9t ) :i* he =ebore to cajole or co]ce ^? ( 8 subjects :om 8 argum5ts fail$ to conv9ce4 ,satisfi$ ) ! progress ( ! new religion 9 8 native place1 he despat*$ 8 son1 ,mah9do1 to introduce x into ,ceylon2 & s successful 7 ! "y pr9ce's mission>y ef=ts t t isl& became & rema9s ! *ief seat ( ,buddhism to ?is day4 ,aoka next turn$ 8 att5tion to =eign c\ntries1 9 :i* trad]s1 travell]s1 emigrants & o!rs _h already sp>sely s[n ! se$s ( ! new fai?1 & mak+ political p[] & pre/ige subs]vi5t to zeal = tru? & pity = suff]+ humanity1 he induc$ 8 allies & _! vassals to pur*ase 8 fri5d%ip by second+ 8 endeav\rs to inculcate ! philosophic doctr9es & engraft ! humane practices ( ,buddhism on _! respective subjects4 ,! results he obta9$ are record$ 9 8 fam\s inscriptions compos$ 9 v>i\s ,indian dialects & engrav5 ^u rocks all ov] ! cont95t1 f ,cabul 9 ! ,we/ to ,orissa 9 ! ,ea/2 & among ! mon>*s :om he !re enum]ates z hav+ co-op]at$ ) him 9 8 apo/olic lab\rs1 are ,antio*us1#aec ,turamaya1#aed ,alex&]1 ,magas#aee & ,antig5es2#aef into ^: hospitable dom9ions he despat*$ zeal\s ,buddhi/ mission>ies1 emp[]$ to f\nd mona/]ies1 to op5 disp5s>ies & hospitals1 at 8 exp5se1 & to prea* ! sav+ ^w to all :o c>$ to he>4 ,! foll[+ lit]al translation ( "o ( ,aoka's inscriptions#aeg w help to convey an idea ( ! nature ( 8 activity z ! royal apo/le ( ,buddhism1 ! ,con/ant9e ( ,india3 ,all ov] ! realms ( ! god-fav\r$ k+1 ,priyad>s91 & 7! realms ( ^?7 :o 7are7 8 neighb\rs1 su* z ! ,codas1 ,p&yas1 ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,stiyas1#aeh ! ,pr9ce ( ! ,k]alas1 ,tamrap>n1 ! ,k+ ( ! ,javanas1 ,antio*us1 & 7among !7 o!rs :o 7are7 vassals ( ! said ,k+ ,antio*us1 ev]y:]e ! god-belov$1 k+1 ,priyad>s91 caus$ two k9ds ( hospitals to be erect$3 hospitals = m5 & likewise hospitals = animals4#aei ,:]ev] !re 7 no h]bs b5eficial to m5 or animals1 he ev]y:]e gave ord]s t !y %\ld be procur$ or plant$4 ,9 l mann]1 :]e !re 7 no heal?-giv+ roots & fruits1 he ev]y:]e comm&$ t !y %\ld be procur$ or plant$4 ,& on ! highways he _h trees put d[n & wells dug = ! beho( ( m5 & bea/s4#afj ,hi/ory confirms ,aoka's te/imony & decl>es him to h be5 no less successful 9 s[+ ! se$s ( m$ic9al plants ?an ^? ( ! sav+ doctr9e4 ,buddhism enroll$ num]\s conv]ts & zeal\s apo/les all ov] ! civilis$ _w1 & 9 ,ceylon1 ,egypt1 ,bactria1 & ,p]sia1 ! yell[ flag float$ al(t f ! ro(s ( ! mona/]ies ( ,bhik%us4#afa ,b its influ5ce1 9 o!r ways equally p[]ful :ile consid]ably m subtle1 has (t5times escap$ ! vigilance ( ! hi/orian4 ,none ( ! great religions ( anci5t or mod]n times succe$$ 9 escap+ its contact1 or fail$ to be improv$ by its _s4 ,9 ! second c5tury ,b4,c4 !re 7 fl\ri%+ ,buddhi/ communities 9 inhospitable ,bactria1 :]e !y ma9ta9$ a firm foot+ = ne>ly a ?\s& ye>s4 ,a ,greek1#afb :o wrote ab\t ! ye> #hj ,b4,c41 & a ,*9ese pilgrim1#afc :o pass$ ?r\gh ! l& 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! sev5? c5tury ,a4,d41 allude to !m z important elem5ts ( ! population ( ! c\ntry 9 _! respective ages1 & ! ,buddhi/ mona/]y f\nd$ 9 ,balkh1 ! capital ( ,bactria1 9 ! second c5tury ,b4,c41 0 become a fam\s pilgrimage 9 ! days ( ,hiu5 ,?sang4 ,! ,zoroa/rian prie/s ( ,ern hat$ & fe>$ ! foll[]s ( ! /range cre$ :ile sil5tly adopt+ & unconsci\sly propagat+ _m ( its in/itutions4 ,sev]al ( ! ,eranian k+s incurr$ ! c5sure involv$ 9 ! nickname ( idolat]s 9 consequ5ce ( ! fav\r !y ext5d$ to ! prea*]s ( ,nirvana4#afd ,no religion ( antiquity 0 less fav\rable to a life ( passive contemplation ?an ,zoroa/rianism1 :i* def9$ life z a cont9u\s /ruggle1 & consid]$ virtue z a successful battle ) ! p[]s ( d>kness2 & yet little by little ,zoroa/rian mona/]ies sprang up by ! side ( ! ,fire ,temples1 & (f]$ a quiet refuge f ! turmoil ( ! _w to ! pi\s wor%ipp]s ( ,ahura ,mazda4#afe ,s saturat$ 7 ! ,eranian populations ) ! _s ( ,buddha--antagoni/ic ?\gh x 0 to _! own--t ! two great ,eranian sects1#aff "o ( :i* bade fair to become a univ]sal religion1#afg 7 little else ?an adaptations ( ! cre$ ( ! ,buddha to ! ne$s ( a diff]5t "t & p4 ,mn1 = in/ance1 prohibit$ m>riage1 :i* 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal duties & holie/ acts ( a true s]vant ( ,ahura ,mazda2 =bade ! kill+ ( animals :i*1 9 ! case ( ants1 s]p5ts1 gnats1 c41 0 enjo9$ by ! prie/s ( ,zoroa/]1 & disc\rag$ agriculture le/ plants %\ld be de/roy$ 9 ! process4 ,& ! two classes ( p]fect & imp]fect disciples 9 ,mn's community 7 copi$ f ^? ( ,buddhism1 :i* divides all believ]s into two categories3 ^? :o s9c]ely & f]v5tly seek to atta9 to ,nirvana & are t]m$ ,bhik%us1 & ! ,upasakas or laym5 :o1 :ile hold+ on to life1 practise su* virtues z are compatible ) ?is unholy desire4 ,! ,jewi% religion1 9 c]ta9 ( its phases1 reveals 9 l mann] unmi/akable traces ( ! influ5ce ( ! religion ( ! ,buddha4 ,to take b "o in/ance1 ! ,ess5ians 9 ,judaea1 ne> ! ,dead ,sea & ! ,!rapeutes 9 ,egypt1 practis$ cont95ce1 es*ew$ all bloody sacrifices1 enc\rag$ celibacy1 & extreme ab/emi\sness 9 eat+ & dr9k+4 ,!y =m$ !mselves into communities1 & liv$1 aft] ! mann] ( ,buddhi/ ,bhik%us1 9 mona/]ies4 ,dur+ ! life ( ,jesus1 ! ,ess5ians1 :o liv$ mo/ly 9 cloi/]$ retirem5t on ! %ores ( ! ,dead ,sea1 play$ no hi/oric role2 b aft] ! de/ruction ( ,j]usalem1 !y embrac$ ,*ri/ianity 9 a body1 & orig9at$ ! ascetic movem5t ( ! ,ebionites1 :i* did n f9ally subside until x _h deposit$ ! g]ms ( mona/icism 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/4 ,kohele?1 :o liv$ ei!r 9 ,j]usalem or 9 ,alex&ria--m probably 9 ! latt] city--ab\t ! ye> #bje ,b4,c41 _h exceptional opportunities = becom+ acqua9t$ ) ! t5ets & precepts ( ! religion ( ,buddha4 ,he 0 evid5tly a man ( an inquir+ m9d1 ) a pron\nc$ ta/e = philosophical speculation2 & ! social & political conditions ( 8 day 7 su* t a p]son ev5 ( a v incuri\s disposition w\ld be likely to be br\ght face to face ) ! s5sational doctr9e :i* 0 responsible = su* amaz+ innovations z hospitals = m5 & = animals4 ,alex&ria1 ! museum & libr>y ( :i* _h already be5 f\nd$1 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal /rongholds ( non-,indian ,buddhi/s4 ,x is m5tion$ 9 ! ,mil9dapanho1 a ,pali "w :i* deals ) ev5ts t took place 9 ! second c5tury ,b4,c42#afh x is expressly includ$ by ,aoka 9 ! li/ ( cities into :i* he introduc$ a k ( ! pa? ( duty1 & s devot$ 7 its inhabitants to ! cre$ ( ,sakhya ,m\ni1#afi t ?irty ye>s aft] ,augu/9e _h di$ at ,hippo1 ?irty ?\s& ,bhik%us set out f ,alasadda#agj to annex new c\ntries to ! realm ( tru?4 ,footnotes3 #adj ,cf4 ! epilogue 7xii4 #i-ad71 = example1 :i* is "o ( ! mo/ timid & %uffl+ apologies ev] p5n$4 #ada i4 #i4 #adb i4 #ad4 #adc ,mala*i iii4 #ad4 #add ,pr(essor ,*eyne rem>ks3 ,to me1 ,kohele? is n a !i/ 9 any vital s5se 9 8 philosophic m$itations4--,job & ,solomon1 p4 #bej4 #ade ,cf4 ,prov]bs xxx4 #d4 #adf iii4 #ad1 v4 #b4 #adg ,eccles4 ix4 #e4 #adh vii4 #c1 #d4 #adi ,! view ( sev]al ( ! mo/ au?oritative s*ol>s--9 :i* ,i entirely concur--is t ,kohele? 0 writt5 9 ,alex&ria dur+ ! reign ( ,ptolemy ,v4 7,epiphanes71 :o came to ! ?rone z a boy "u ! gu>dian%ip ( tutors & 0 allud$ to 9 ! v]se3 ,woe1 l&1 to !e ^: k+ is a *ild4 #aej ,"s ( !m 7 =eign]s resid5t 9 ,india :o1 aft] _! conv]sion1 prea*$ ! new doctr9e to _! fell[-c\ntrym54 ,?us1 "o ( ! e>lie/ & mo/ successful mission>ies 0 a ,greek1 ^: ,indian "n 0 ,dh>m>ak%ita4 #aea ,plants1 too1 7 includ$ 9 _! c>e & pr(it$ by _! protection4 #aeb ,aoka is a ,sanskrit ^w1 :i* means free f c>e2 & ,piyadassi a dialectic =m ( ! ,sanskrit ^w ,priyad>s91 :i* means lovable1 amiable4 ,x 0 appli$ z an epi!t to ,k+ ,aoka1 :o reign$ f #bei-bbb ,b4,c4 #aec ,antio*us ,,ii41 call$ ,!os1 :o 0 poison$ by 8 divorc$ wife ,laodike 9 #bdg ,b4,c4 ,i am aw>e t "s s*ol>s id5tify ! ,antio*us "h m5tion$ ) ,antio*us ! ,great4 ,al?\gh bo? views make equally = my cont5tion1 ,i fail to see h[ ,aoka1 :o di$ 9 all probability 9 ! ye> #bbb ,b4,c41 c\ld h c>ri$ on important negotiations ) ,antio*us ! ,great1 :o came to ! ?rone ( ,syria two ye>s lat]4 #aed ,ptolemy ( ,egypt1 probably ,ptolemy ,philadelphos1 :o f\nd$ ! ,museum & ,libr>y ( ,alex&ria1 & 8 successor ,ptolemy ,eu]getes 7#bdg-bba ,b4,c474 #aee ,magas1 k+ ( ,cyr5e4 #aef ,! id5tity ( ?is mon>* is unc]ta94 #aeg ,! second ,edict ( ,girn>1 ,khalsi v]sion4 #aeh ,a ,s\? ,indian p4 #aei ,usually a disp5s>y 0 op5$ = ! di/ribution ( simples1 & a hospital h>d by = ^? :o c\ld n move ab\t4 ,! ,buddhi/s 7 almo/ z anxi\s to relieve ! physical pa9 & illness ( animals z ( human be+s4 #afj ,cf4 ,bhl]1 ,zeits*rift d] deuts*5 morg5lndis*5 ,gesells*aft1 ,b& xxxvii4 folg4 p4 #ih4 #afa ,! monks or real disciples ( ,buddha :o endeav\r to atta9 ,nibbana or ,nirvana4 ,! bulk ( ! population cont5ts itself ) almsgiv+ & ! practice ( elem5t>y morality1 ! rew>d = :i* w be a less unhappy exi/5ce aft] dea?2 b n ,nirvana1 to :i* only ! p]fect c hope to atta94 #afb ,alex&] ,polyhi/or1 quot$ by ,cyrillus 7contra ,julianum72 cf4 also ,clem5s ,alex&r9us1 ,/romata ,i41 p4 #cci4 #afc ,hiu5 ,?sang4 #afd ,_! names & de$s are pres]v$ 9 ! ,p]sian epic kn[n z ! ,book ( ,k+s 7,firdoosi1 ,%ah-,nameh1 cf4 #ajcc1 v4 #d1 #aafj1 v4 #b1 c474 #afe ,ormuzd4 ,an in/ructive in/ance ( ! way 9 :i* =eign in/itutions become nationalis$ 9 ,bactria is af=d$ by ! ,buddhi/ mona/]y 9 ,balkh1 :i* 0 at fir/ kn[n by its ,indian "n1 nava vihra1 a t]m t 0 gradually *ang$ to naubeh>1 :i* 9 ,p]sian means new spr+4 #aff ,mn & ,mazdak4 #afg ,! religion ( ,mn4 #afh ,ed4 ,tr5ckn]1 p4 #cbg4 #afi ,buddha4 #agj ,alex&ria4 ,,agur1 ,,! ,,agno/ic 99 99 99 99 99 ,,agur1 ,,son ,,( ,,yakeh ,emb$d$ 9 ! collection ( ! ,book ( ,prov]bs#aga is an int]e/+ fragm5t ( ! philosophy ( a c]ta9 ,agur1 son ( ,yakeh1 ! poet1 :i* = sca?+ criticism ( ! !ology ( 8 day & sweep+ scepticism z to e =m ( reveal$ religion1 is unmat*$ by ! bitt]e/ irony ( ,job & ! mo/ dogmatic agno/icism ( ,kohele?4 ,un=tunately x is no m ?an a m]e fragm5t1 ! v]ses ( :i* are ?\ghtfully sep>at$ f ea* o!r by /rictures1 prote/s1 & refutations ( ! balde/ & mo/ or?odox k9d4 ,inde$1 x is 9 all probability precisely to ! pres5ce ( ! infallible antidote t we owe ! pres]vation ( ! deadly poison2 & if we may f\nd a conjecture z to ! "* ( ! :ole "w on a comp>ison ( ! fragm5ts ) :at we "k g5]ally ( ! sceptical s*ools ( philosophy preval5t among ! ,jews ( po/-,exilian days1 we %all feel dispos$ to hold ! sev5 /rophes pres]v$ 9 our ,bibles z t portion ( ! poem :i* ! compil] consid]$ to be ! mo/ innoc5t because ! lea/ />tl+ & revolution>y4 ,to ! ?9k+ ( ! critics ( =m] times ! ,prov]bs display$ unmi/akable traces ( ! unique & highly f9i%$ workman%ip ( ! great & wise k+ ,solomon4 ,at ! pres5t day no s]i\s /ud5t ( ! ,bible1 be he ,*ri/ian or ,rationali/1 w\ld raise 8 voice on behalf ( ?is ,jewi% tradition :i*1 runn+ c\nt] to well-e/abli%$ facts1 is devoid ev5 ( ! d\btful recomm5dation ( mod]ate antiquity4 ,a m accurate k ( hi/ory & a m ?or\gh /udy ( philology h long s9ce made x manife/ to all :o c lay claim to ei!r1 t h[ev] weighty may h be5 ,solomon's titles to immortality1 !y includ$ nei!r dep? ( philosophic ?\ght nor f9i% ( lit]>y a*ievem5t4 ,& an av]age supply ( pla9 common-s5se enables u to see t ev5 _h t extraord9>y mon>* be5 a pr(\nd ?9k] or a classic writ]1 he w\ld h>dly h treat$ future ev5ts z accompli%$ facts )\t be+ end[$ ) fur!r gifts & m>k$ by grav] defects :i* w\ld involve a curi\s comb9ation ( prophecy & folly4 ,! ,prov]bs !mselves1 :5 prop]ly int]rogat$1 tell a good deal ( _! own /ory2 sacr$ & pr(ane hi/ory supply ! re/4 ,9 _! pres5t =m !y 7 collect$ & edit$ by ! au?or ( ! fir/ six v]ses ( ! fir/ *apt]1 :o drew 8 mat]ials f diff]5t s\rces4 ,! fir/ & mo/ important ( ^! 0 ! s-call$ ,praise ( ,wisdom :i*1 until a comp>atively rec5t p]iod1 0 errone\sly held to be a r\nd$1 homog5e\s poem4 ,pr(essor ,bickell conclusively %[$ t x consi/s ( t5 diff]5t songs compos$ 9 ! same metre z ! ,poem ( ,job1 ea* *apt] be+ coext5sive ) "o song1 except ! fir/ *apt]1 :i* conta9s two4#agb ,! fif? collection1 conta9+ ! prov]bs copi$ by ! m5 ( ,hezekiah1 is *>act]is$ by ! /rong national _s ( ! writ]s4 ,mo/ ( ! o!rs make frequ5t m5tion ( ,god1 give a prom95t place to religion1 & adapt !mselves = use z texts = s]mons2 ^!1 on ! contr>y1 nev] once m5tion ,8 "n1 reflect religion z x 0--viz41 z only "o ( ! _m sides ( national exi/5ce1 & deal ma9ly ) ! concrete problems ( ! ev]yday life ( ! /ruggl+ p4 ,! o!r say+s may be aptly describ$ z ! pi\s maxims ( a sect2 ^! z ! ?\ghts ( a nation4 ,! sev5? "p ( ! ,book ( ,prov]bs conta9s ! rem>kable say+s ( ,agur1#agc :i* 7 q z frequ5tly misund]/ood by ! ,jews ( old z by ,*ri/ians ( m rec5t times1 ! =m] height5+ ! impiety ( ! au?or & ! latt] g5]\sly id5tify+ him ) ! pi\s & fanatical writ] to ^: well-meant refutations & prote/s we owe ! pres]vation ( ?is int]e/+ fragm5t ( anci5t ,hebrew agno/icism4 ,footnotes3 #aga ,! ,book ( ,prov]bs beg9s ) t5 songs on wisdom1 :i* con/itute ! fir/ "p ( ! "w4 ,! second "p is made up ( di/i*s1 ea* "o ( :i*1 complete 9 itself1 embodies a prov]bial say+ 7x4 i-xxii4 #af74 ,! ?ird section is compos$ ( ! say+s ( ! wise m51 :i* are en%r9$ 9 tetra/i*s or /rophes ( f\r l9es1 among :i* we f9d an occasional int]polation by ! editor1 recognisable by ! pat]nal tone1 ! words ,my son1 & ! sub/itution ( di/i*s = tetra/i*s4 ,!n comes ! app5dix conta9+ o!r prov]bial dicta 7*ap4 xxiv4 #bc-cd4 *ap4 vi4 #i-ai1 *ap4 xxv4 #b-aj71 foll[$ by ! prov]bs ( ,solomon1 :i* ! m5 ( ,hezekiah copi$ out 7xxv4 #aa-xxvii4 #bb71 & w\nd up ) a little poem 9 praise ( rural economy4 ,*aps4 xxviii4 & xxix4 con/itute ano!r collection ( prov]bs ( a m /rictly religi\s "*1 & !n come ! say+s ( ,agur1 writt5 9 /rophes ( six l9es1 ! rules = a k+ & ! praise ( a good h\sewife4 #agb ,prov4 i4 #g-ai & i4 #bj-cc4 #agc ,*ap4 xxx4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,=m ,,& ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,! ,,say+s ,,( ,,agur ,x is ne$less to discuss ! condition & ! cont5ts ( ! entire ,book ( ,prov]bs1 see+ t ea* "o ( its compon5t p>ts has an indep5d5t1 if some:at obscure1 hi/ory ( its own4 ,! f9al compil] & editor1 to :om we are indebt$ = ! collection 9 its pres5t =m1 und\bt$ly f\nd ! sweep+ scepticism ( ! poet ,agur & ! pi\s prote/ations ( 8 anonym\s adv]s>y1 ! !sis & ! anti!sis1 inextricably int]wov5 9 ! section n[ kn[n z ! ?irtie? *apt]4 ,he himself app>5tly id5tifi$ ! two antagoni/s--! sc(f+ d\bt] & ! believ+ ,jew2 mo/ mod]n !ologians h *e]fully foll[$ 8 example4 ,! fact w\ld seem to be t ! or?odox memb] ( ! ,jewi% community1 :o ?us emphatically object$ to aggressive agno/icism1 0 a man :o /rictly obs]v$ ! ,mosaic ,law1 & sympa?is$ ) ! p 9 _! hatr$ ( _! hea!n ma/]s & _! hopes ( spe$y deliv]ance by ! ,messiah2 9 a ^w1 an individual ( ! p>ty :i* lat] on play$ an important role 9 ,pale/9e "u ! "n ( ! ,ph>isees4 ,possess+ a copy ( ,agur's popul> philosophical treatise1 ?is zeal\s *ampion und]took to refute ! !ory be=e he _h asc]ta9$ ! drift ( ! say+s 9 :i* x 0 en%r9$1 or grasp$ _! prim>y mean+4 ,?us1 9 "o passage#agd he fancies t ! taunts :i* ,agur levell$ aga9/ omnisci5t !ologians :o are well up 9 ! hi/ory ( ev]y?+ t is done or left undone 9 heav51 :ile amaz+ly ignorant ( ! asc]ta9able facts ( e>?ly sci5ce1 are really aim$ at ,god2 & he seeks to p>ry ! attack accord+ly4 ,8 num]\s & amus+ errors are su* z *>act]ise ! fanaticism t w\ld refute a !ory be=e he>+ x unfold$1 n ^? :i* accompany & betray pi\s imbecility4 ,h5ce x w\ld be unfair to tax him ) ! utt] incoh]5cy ( ! pray] :i* our ,bibles make him (f] up1 :5 w>d+ (f ! suppos$ attack ^u ,god3 7#h7 ,fe$ me ) food conv5i5t = me1 7#i7 ,le/ ,i be full & d5y !e1 & say1 ,:o is ! ,"l8 or le/ ,i be poor & /eal1 & take ! "n ( my ,god 9 va94 ,! mi/ake is ! result ( ! errone\s punctuation ( ! ,hebrew words1#age :i* may be lit]ally r5d]$ into ,engli% z foll[s3 ,fe$ me ) food suitable = me1 ,le/ ,i be sat$ & d5y !e1 ,& say1 ,:o is ! ,"l8 ,or le/ ,i be poor & yield to s$uction1 ,& s9 aga9/ ! "n ( my ,god4' ,9 ! ensu+ v]se ! controv]siali/1 full ( 8 own ,ph>isaic#agf views ( politics1 & fancy+ he detects 9 c]ta9 ( ,agur's words1#agg an apology = ! hea!n rul]s & contempt = ! or?odox p ( ,god1 inveighs aga9/ ! traitor :o w\ld d5\nce 8 fell[-subjects to _! common ma/]1#agh & holds him up to univ]sal odium4 ,"o or two o!r false con/ructions put ^u ,agur's say+s by ! *ampion ( ! ,law ( ,jahveh1 are likewise wor?y ( att5tion4 ,9 ! second s5t5ce1 :i* c be trac$ back to ! prov]bial philosophy ( ! ,h9doos1 ,agur1 enum]at+ ! f\r ?+s t are nev] satisfi$1 lays special /ress ^u two :i* are1 s to say1 ! beg9n+ & end ( all ?+s1 ! alpha & omega ( human philosophy--viz41 ! grave & ! womb2#agi ! latt] ! bait z well z ! portal ( life1 ! =m] ! bugbe> & ! goal ( all ?+s liv+4 ,! idea1 no less ?an ! =m1 is manife/ly ,indian4 ,bir? & dea? con/itute ! axis ( exi/5ce2 ! womb is ! symbol ( ! allurem5t t tempts m5 to =get _! sorr[s1 to keep ! ,jugg]naut :eel revolv+ & to supply x ) fre% victims to be mangl$ & cru%$ into ! grave4 ,! lure & ! det]r5t--love ( s5su\s pleasure & fe> ( dissolution--are z deceitful z all ! o!r causes ( pa9 & pleasure 9 ?is _w ( appe>ance4 ,s*op5hau] puts x t]sely ?us3 ,z we are decoy$ into life by ! utt]ly illusory impulse to voluptu\sness1 ev5 s are we held fa/ !re9 by ! fe> ( dea?1 :i* is c]ta9ly illusory 9 an equal degree4 ,bo? h _! imm$iate s\rce 9 ! ,w1 :i* 9 itself is unconsci\s4#ahj ,! only rew>d :i* life (f]s to ^? :o crave x1 is suff]+ & dea?4 ,! desire ( life--! ,indian tanha or ?ir/ ( exi/5ce--,agur repres5ts 9 ! =m ( ! beautiful b t]rible ,gh\l ( ! des]t :o has two daught]s3 bir? & dea?4 ,by means ( h] fasc9at+ *>ms %e entices ! w&]] to h] arms1 b in/ead ( satiat+ 8 s\l ) ! promis$ joys1 %e ru?lessly fl+s him to h] two daught]s :o te> him to pieces & dev\r him on ! spot4 ,desire is ! s\rce ( life :i* 9 turn is ! taproot ( all evil & pa92 insight into ?is tru?--! k or wisdom laud$ by ,job & priz$ by ,kohele?--af=ds ! only means ( break+ ! unholy spell1 & escap+ f ! magic circle4 ,?is +5i\s & pr(\nd philosophical image 0 :olly misund]/ood by ,agur's or?odox adv]s>y1 :o f\nds ^u ! deprecatory allusion to ! womb a g5]al accusation ( lack ( rev]5ce = mat]nity & a specific *>ge ( disrespect = ,agur's own "m4#aha ,agur's ?ird say+ has be5 likewise sadly miscon/ru$ by ! anci5t ,ph>isaic controv]siali/ & by 8 fai?ful mod]n successors4 ,he enum]ates !re9 f\r ?+s :i* to him seem :olly incompreh5sible1 ! f\r? & la/ be+ ! d>ke/ my/]y ( all3 ! fly+ ( an eagle 9 ! air1 ! movem5t ( a s]p5t--:i* is devoid ( special organs ( locomotion--along a rock1 ! sail+ ( a %ip on ! ocean1 & ! way ( a man ) a maid4#ahb ,x is v h>d to believe :at is nev]!less an und5iable fact1 t ! bulk ( s]i\s comm5tators classify ^! z ! trackless ?+s1 :]eby1 /rangely en\gh1 !y und]/& ! la/ ( ! f\r 9 a moral in/ead ( a metaphysical s5se4 ,! error is an old "o3 x 0 on ! /r5g? ( ?is arbitr>y & vulg> int]pretation t ,agur 0 accus$ by 8 ,jewi% antagoni/ ( a crim9al lack ( filial piety t[>ds 8 own fa!r1#ahc & ?reat5$ ) condign puni%m5t1 to be inflict$ by ! eagles t fly s wond]fully 9 ! air2#ahd :ile ano!r scribe1 unaw>e t ! my/]y ( g5]ation c\ld be *os5 z ! text = a treatise on metaphysics1 & firmly conv9c$ t ! philosoph] 0 condemn+ unhall[$ relations betwe5 ! sexes1 p5n$ a gloss to make ?+s suffici5tly cle> :i* 0 aft]w>ds remov$ f ! m>g9 to ! text :]e x n[ figures z ! tw5tie? v]se4 ,9 tru?1 ,agur gives utt]ance to a natural s5tim5t ( awe & wond] at ! greate/ & d>ke/ ( all my/]ies ^: roots lie buri$ 9 ! dep?s ( ! two worlds we conceive (4 ,:at c\ld be m awe-inspir+ ?an ! in/antane\s metamorphosis ( pure immat]ial w into concrete fle% & blood1 ?robb+ ) life ha/5+ to decay1 ! inc>nation 9 ! sph]e ( appe>ances ( an act ( ! "o be+ :i* is n an appe>ance only1 b ! d5iz5 ( ! _w ( reality8 ,w is prim>y1 real1 endur+2 intellect second>y1 accid5tal1 fleet+2 ! "o1 abid+ = ev]1 is id5tical 9 all ?+s2 ! latt] v>ies 9 diff]5t be+s1 nay 9 ! same individuals at v>i\s times1 & p]i%es ) ! bra91 ( :i* x is a function4 ,w is devoid ( intellect1 z intellect is depriv$ ( velleity4 ,we "k w ?r\gh our inn] consci\sness :i* has to d exclusively ) x & its manifold manife/ations2 all o!r ?+s--! _w ( appe>ances--we "k ?r\gh :at may be t]m$ our out] consci\sness4 ,n[ 9 our self-consci\sness we appreh5d ! fi]ce1 bl9d1 head/rong sexual impulse z ! mo/ p[]ful motion ( conc5trat$ w4 ,! act is m>k$ by ! spontaneity1 impetuosity1 & lack ( reflection :i* *>act]ises ! ag5t1 w be+ by nature un5light5$ & uncondition$4 ,& yet t :i* 9 our inn] consci\sness is a bl9d1 vehem5t impulse1 appe>s 9 our out] consci\sness 9 ! =m ( ! mo/ complex liv+ organism we "k4 ,g5]ation1 !n1 is manife/ly ! po9t at :i* ! real & ! seem+ int]sect ea* o!r4 ,bir? & dea?--! inevitable lot ( ea* & e "o--w\ld seem to affect ! individual only1 ! race liv+ on )\t *ange or decay4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is b ! appe>ance4 ,9 reality ! individual & ! race are "o4 ,! bl9d /riv+ to live1 ! w t craves exi/5ce at all co/s1 is absolutely ! same 9 bo?1 z complete 9 ! =m] z 9 ! latt]1 & ! p]petuity ( ! race is1 s to say1 b ! symbol ( ! inde/ructibility ( ! individual--i4e41 ( w4 ,n[ ?is all-important fact is exemplifi$ q z cle>ly by ! ph5om5on ( g5]ation z by ! process ( decay & dea?4 ,9 bo? we behold ! opposition betwe5 ! appe>ance & ! ess5ce ( ! be+1 betwe5 ! _w z x exi/s 9 our intellect z repres5tation1 & ! _w z x really is1 z w4 ,! act ( g5]ation is kn[n to u ?r\gh two diff]5t m$ia3 t ( ! inn] consci\sness :i* is tak5 up ) our w & all its movem5ts1 & t ( our out] consci\sness :i* has to d ) impressions receiv$ ?r\gh ! s5ses4 ,se5 ?r\gh ! =m] m$ium1 ! act is ! mo/ complete & imm$iate satisfaction ( ! w--s5sual lu/2 view$ 9 ! light suppli$ by ! out] consci\sness1 x appe>s z ! wo( ( ! mo/ intricate texture1 ! basis ( ! mo/ complex ( liv+ organisms4 ,f ?is angle ( vision1 ! result is a "w ( amaz+ skill1 design$ ) ! greate/ +5uity & =e?\ght1 & c>ri$ out ) pati5t indu/ry & scrupul\s c>e2 f t po9t ( view x is ! direct outcome ( an act :i* is ! negation ( plan1 =e?\ght1 skill1 & +5uity1 a bl9d unreason+ impulse4 ,?is contra/ or r opposition betwe5 ! seem+ & ! real1 ?is new view ( bir? & dea?1 ?is sudd5 fla% ( light a?w>t ! imp5etrable d>kness1 is :at provokes ! wond] ( ?is sc(f+ sceptic4#ahe ,9 ! f\r? say+1 ,agur m5tions1 among ! p]sons :om ! e>? _c endure1 a l[-br$ fell[ :o is set to rule ov] o!rs1 & a fool :5 he acquires a compet5cy & becomes indep5d5t4 ,! anonym\s ,ph>isee1 :o keeps a vigilant wat* = doctr9al slips & political backslid+s & frequ5tly f9ds !m :]e !y are n1 descries 9 ! fir/ ( ! f\r unbe>able ?+s a pro( t ,agur 0 a ,sadducee & an ari/ocrat :o w\ld r obey a mon>* :o is e in* a k+--ev5 ?\gh he be a hea!n--?an a native clodhopp] :o %\ld climb up to ! ?rone on ! backs ( a poor delud$ p & gr9d !m d[n 9 ! sacr$ "n ( lib]ty & indep5d5ce4 ,agur is !re=e duly reprim&$ & class$ ) ! %ameless oppressors ( ! multitude & ! dev\r]s ( ! sub/ance ( ! poor1#ahf z ! ,sadducees g5]ally 7 by _! ,ph>isaic oppon5ts4 ,! s5t5ce t foll[s1 enum]at+ ! ?+s :i* are little ^u ! e>?1#ahg is n f ! p5 ( our philosoph]1 b a h>mless passage ins]t$ subsequ5tly z a p5dant to ! f\r ?+s :i* are comely 9 go+4 ,! ma9 consid]ations t po9t to ?is conclusion & w>rant u 9 ascrib+ ! v]ses to a diff]5t au?or are ^!3 all ! o!r num]ical say+s :i* are admitt$ly ! "w ( ,agur1 conta9 fir/ ( all ! numb] ?ree & 9 ! p>allel v]se f\r1#ahh :]eas ?is s5t5ce speaks ( f\r only4 ,aga91 all ,agur's prov]bs are 9 ! =m ( /rophes ( six l9es ea*2 b ?is passage consi/s ( five di/i*s4 ,la/ly1 x is a manife/ digression1 leads n[hi!r1 &1 :at is /ill m important1 has no po9t1 z all ,agur's say+s h4#ahi ,! f9al s5t5ce ( ?is int]e/+ fragm5t ne$s no elaborate explanation3 x conta9s ! pi? ( ,agur's practical philosophy 9 ! =m ( an exhortation to r5\nce hon\r1 glory1 ! e/eem ( m51 c41 if we possess legitimate claims to su*1 & /ill m if we h none2 ! acquisition ( peace & quiet is *eap at ! price ( obscurity2 fre$om f c>e & worry & f ! evils !y br+ 9 _! tra91 be+ ( inf9itely great] value ?an ! *ance & ev5 ! c]ta9ty ( s-call$ positive enjoym5ts4 ,footnotes3 #agd ,prov4 xxx4 #d4 #age ,! ,hebrew text consi/s ( v[elless words4 ,! correct v[els mu/ be asc]ta9$ be=e ! mean+ ( a ^w or s5t5ce c be def9itely e/abli%$4 ,! v[el po9ts ( our ,hebrew ,bibles are n old] ?an ! sev5? c5tury ,a4,d41 & are frequ5tly errone\s4 ,9 ! pres5t case ! ^w /eal+ does n occur 9 ! text1 b only ! be+ /ol5--viz41 s$uction1 temptation4 #agf ,i employ ! ^w 9 its natural1 n 9 its conv5tional1 s5se4 #agg ,prov4 xxx4 #ba1 #bb4 #agh ,ibid xxx4 #aj4 #agi ,! ^w b>r5 add$ 9 our ,bibles 7,hebrew 'oz]1 b>r5ness7 is n only exclud$ by ! metre1 b is also want+ 9 ! ,septuag9t v]sion--conclusive pro(s t x is a lat] int]polation4 #ahj ,cf4 ,s*op5hau]1 ,die ,welt als ,wille und ,vor/ellung1 h]ausg4 v4 ,e4 ,griseba*1 ii4 p4 #ehe4 ,griseba*'s is ! only correct edition ( ,s*op5hau]'s works4 #aha ,prov4 xxx4 #aa4 #ahb ,ib4 xxx4 #ah1 #ai4 #ahc ,ib4 xxx4 #aa4 #ahd ,ib4 xxx4 #ag4 #ahe ,cf4 ,s*op5hau]1 ,die ,welt als ,wille und ,vor/ellung1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ehc fol42 also vol4 i4 pp4 #dbd-dbf2 & ,bickell1 ,wi5] ,zeits*rift fr ,kunde des ,morg5l&es1 #ahia4 #ahf ,prov4 xxx4 #ai4 #ahg ,ib4 xxx4 #bd-bh4 #ahh ,= example1 ,prov4 xxx4 #ae3 ,!re are ?ree ?+s t are nev] satisfi$1 ,yea1 f\r ?+s say n1 ',x is en\gh6' #ahi ,cf4 ,bickell1 ,wi5] ,zeits*rift fr ,kunde des ,morg5l&es1 #ahia4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,date ,,( ,,composition ,! say+s ( ,agur _c possibly be assign$ to a date lat] ?an ! close ( ?ird c5tury ,b4,c4 ,! gr\nd = ?is /atem5t is conta9$ 9 ! circum/ance t ,jesus ,sira* f\nd ! ,book ( ,prov]bs 9 exi/5ce1 ) all its compon5t p>ts & 9 its pres5t %ape1 ab\t ! ye> #bjj ,b4,c4 ,he m5tions a collection ( prov]bial say+s :5 allud+ to ,solomon & 8 prov]bs4 ,jesus ,sira*'s canon--if we c apply ?is te*nical t]m to ! s]ies ( scriptures 9 vogue 9 8 day--compris$ ! books conta9$ 9 our ,bibles f ,g5esis to ,k+s1 fur!r ,isaiah1 ,j]emiah1 ,eze*iel1 ! twelve ,m9or ,prophets1 ,psalms1 ,prov]bs1 & ,job4 ,moreov]1 x is no long] op5 to d\bt t ! arrangem5t ( ! v>i\s p>ts ( ! ,book ( ,prov]bs :i* he read 0 id5tical ) t ( ours4 ,= ! la/ "p ( ?is ,book conta9s an alphabetical poem 9 praise ( a good h\sewife1#aij & ,jesus ,sira* conclud$ 8 own "w ) a simil> poem ^u wisdom1 9 :i* he imitat$ ?is alphabetical ord]4 ,x is obvi\s1 !re=e1 t ,prov]bs 9 _! pres5t =m c\ld n h be5 compil$ lat] ?an ! date ( ,jesus ,sira*'s "w 7ab\t #bjj ,b4,c474 ,?is conclusion is borne out by ! circum/ance t ! f9al editor ( ,prov]bs 9 8 introduction1#aia m5tions ! ,words ( ! ,wise1 :i* occur 9 *apt]s xxii4 #ag-xxiv41 & _! d>k say+s1 or riddles1 by :i* he obvi\sly means ! s5t5ces ( ,agur4 ,= ,prov]bs & = ,agur's fragm5t1 !re=e1 ! late/ date is ! beg9n+ ( ! second c5tury ,b4,c4 ,*apt] xxx41 9 :i*1 on ! "o h&1 ,agur develops v advanc$ philosophical views1 "s ( !m ( ,indian orig91 &1 on ! o!r1 8 anonym\s antagoni/ brea!s ! n>r[1 fanatic _s s ?or\ghly *>act]i/ic ( ! lat] ,mosaic ,law1 is among ! v late/ portions ( ,prov]bs4 ,= x is 9 ! highe/ degree probable t ! say+s ( ,agur are ( a mu* lat] date ev5 ?an ! promulgation ( ! ,prie/s' ,code2#aib & ! circum/ance t ! anonym\s /ickl] = /rict or?odoxy already beg9s to acc5tuate ! political & religi\s opposition betwe5 ! two great p>ties kn[n z ,ph>isees & ,sadducees1 z well z o!r gr\nds ( a diff]5t ord]1 disposes me to assign ! fragm5t ( ,agur to ! ?ird c5tury ,b4,c4 ,?is conclusion w\ld be borne out by ! influ5ce ^u ,agur's scepticism ( comp>atively rec5t =eign speculation4 ,"s ( 8 say+s h an unmi/akable ,indian r+ ab\t !m4 ,a few are ev5 directly traceable to ! philosophical s5t5ces ( ! ,h9doos4 ,! enum]ation ( ! f\r insatiable ?+s1 = in/ance1 is b a slight modification ( ! ,indian prov]b 9 ! ,hitopadea :i* runs3 ,fire is n satiat$ ) fuel2 nor ! sea ) /reams2 nor dea? ) all be+s2 nor a fair-ey$ woman ) m54#aic ,/ill m /rik+ & sugge/ive is ! correspond5ce betwe5 ! desire ( life1 p]sonifi$ 9 ,agur's fragm5t by ! beautiful ,gh\l1 & ! ?ir/ ( exi/5ce d5ot$ by ! ,buddha & 8 c\ntrym5 z tanha--! root ( all evil & suff]+4 ,?r\gh ?ir/ = exi/5ce 7tanha71 ! ,buddha is report$ to h said to 8 disciples1 arises a crav+ = life2 ?r\gh ?is1 be+2 ?r\gh be+1 bir?2 ?r\gh bir? are produc$ age & dea?1 c>e & mis]y1 suff]+1 wret*$ness & despair4 ,su* is ! orig9 ( ! _w4444 ,by means ( ! total annihilation ( ?is ?ir/ = exi/5ce 7tanha7 ! de/ruction ( ! crav+ = life is compass$2 ?r\gh ! de/ruction ( ! crav+ = life1 ! uproot+ ( be+ is effect$2 ?r\gh ! uproot+ ( be+1 ! annihilation ( bir? is br\ght ab\t2 by means ( ! annihilation ( bir? ! abolition ( age & dea?1 ( c>e & mis]y1 ( suff]+1 wret*$ness & despair is accompli%$4 ,9 ?is wise takes place ! annihilation ( ?is sum ( suff]+4#aid ,! same doctr9e is laid d[n by ! la/ accr$it$ ( ! ,buddha's disciples1 ,s>iputto3 ,:at1 bre?r51 is ! s\rce ( suff]+8 he is report$ to h said4 ,x is t desire 7tanha7 :i* leads f new bir? to new bir?1 :i* is accompani$ by joy & passion1 :i* delights n[ "h1 n[ !re2 x is ! sexual in/9ct1 ! impulse t[>ds exi/5ce1 ! crav+ = developm5t4 ,t1 bre?r51 is :at is t]m$ ! s\rce ( suff]+4#aie ,footnotes3 #aij ,prov4 xxxi4 #aj-ca4 #aia ,prov4 i4 #f4 #aib #ddd ,b4,c4 #aic ,cf4 ,hitopadea1 book ii4 fable vi42 ed4 ,max ,mll]1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ch4 #aid ,samyuttaka-,nikayo1 vol4 ii4 *ap4 xliv4 p4 #ab2 cf4 ,neumann ,buddhi/i*e ,an?ologie1 ,leid51 #ahib1 pp4 #afa-afb4 #aie ,majjhima-,nikayo2 cf4 ,neumann1 op4 sit41 p4#be4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,agur',s ,,philosophy ,( ! ?ree ,hebrew ?9k]s ( ! ,old ,te/am5t :o v5tur$ to sift & weigh ! evid5ce on :i* ! religi\s beliefs ( _! contempor>ies 7 bas$1 ,agur 0 probably ! mo/ d>+ & dang]\s4 ,he appeal$ directly to ! p1 & set up a simple /&>d ( criticism :i* c\ld be effectively employ$ by all4 ,h5ce1 no d\bt1 ! paucity ( ! fragm5ts ( 8 writ+s :i* h come d[n to u & ! consequ5t difficulty ( con/ruct+ !re) a complete & coh]5t sy/em ( philosophy4 ,to :at ext5t he ass5t$ to ! !ories & approv$ ! practices :i* con/itute ! positive elem5ts ( ! ,buddha's religion1 is op5 to discussion2 b t he 0 a confirm$ sceptic z reg>ds ! fundam5tal doctr9es ( ,jewi% !ology1 & t 8 speculations receiv$ _! impulse & direction f ,indian philosophy1 are facts :i* c no long] be call$ 9 "q4 ,to ! !ologians ( 8 day he %[s no m]cy2 = _! dogmas ( retribution1 ,messianism1 c41 he ev9ces no respect2 nay1 he d5ies all div9e revelation & /rips ! deity itself ( e ve/ige ( an attribute4 ,pr\d ( _! precise & exhau/ive k ( ! my/]ies ( ,god's nature1 ! doctors ( ! ,jewi% community _h drawn up compreh5sive =mulas = all ,8 me?ods ( deal+ ) mank9d1 & ana!matis$ ^? :o v5tur$ to ca/ d\bts ^u _! accuracy4 ,:atev] sceptic c\ld inquire =1 ,= e :y !y _h a :]e=e1 ! unansw]able tone ( :i* lay necess>ily & exclusively 9 ! implicit & t5aci\s fai? ( ! he>]4 ,n[1 fai? may be gov]n$ by conditions widely diff]5t f ^? t regulate sci5tific k1 b if its object be some?+ t lies beyond ! k5 ( ! human intellect x mu/ be bas$ ei!r ^u a sup]natural intuition accord$ to ! individual or ^u a div9e revelation v\*saf$ to all4 ,9 ! =m] case x _c be embodi$ 9 a religi\s dogma2 9 ! latt] x _c--or %\ld n--be accept$ )\t ?or\gh discussion & due v]ification ( ! alleg$ hi/orical fact ( ! div9e message4 ,?is is ! gi/ ( ,agur's reason+ aga9/ ! allwise !ologians ( ! ,jewi% ,*ur*4 ,^! sapi5t speciali/s1 ^: intellects 7 nurtur$ ^u ! highe/ & mo/ ab/ruse speculations & :o c\ld readily acc\nt = all ! movem5ts ( ! ,deity ) a weal? ( detail surpass+ t ( a ,fr5* police dossi]1 7 utt]ly & notori\sly ignorant ( ! rudim5t>y laws ( sci5ce :i* e inquisitive m9d might le>n & e educat$ man c\ld v]ify4 ,n[1 z tru? is "o1 ,agur reason$1 h[ comes x t ! p]sons :o ?us lay claim to a ?or\gh k ( ! m difficult1 are absolutely ignorant ( ! m simple8 ,:5ce1 9 a ^w1 did !y obta9 _! p]fect acqua9tance ) ! my/]ies ( ! div9e nature & ! me*anism ( ! univ]se1 ! elem5t>y laws ( :i* are yet unkn[n to !m8 ,surely n f any s\rce accessible to all2 = ,agur1 possess+ equally fav\rable opportunities = obs]vation & q z ke5 an int]e/ 9 ! subject1 n only fail$ to make any simil> discov]ies1 b ev5 to f9d any confirmation ( !irs4 ,= ?is he s>ca/ically acc\nts by admitt+ t he mu/ be consid]ably m /upid ?an ! common run ( mank9d1 9 fact1 t he is :olly devoid ( human und]/&+--a confession :i* he evid5tly expects e reasonable man to repeat aft] him to ^? :o ass]t t crass ignorance ( fundam5tal facts is an aid to ! highe/ k9d ( k4 ,i h worri$ myself ab\t ,god1 & succe$$ n1 ,= ,i am m /upid ?an o!r m51 ,& 9 me !re is no human und]/&+3 ,nei!r h ,i le>n$ wisdom1 ,s t ,i might compreh5d ! sci5ce ( sacr$ ?+s4 ,/ill he is a v docile disciple1 &1 hav+ fail$ to make any discov]ies ( 8 own1 w\ld gladly accept ^? ( a qualifi$ ma/]--( "o :o endeav\rs to "k be=e sett+ out to tea* & :o prefaces 8 acc\nt ( ! wond]s ( ! unse5 _w by po9t+ out ! bridge ov] :i* he pass$ ?i!r1 f ?is4 ,b does su* a g5u9e tea*] exi/8 ,:o has asc5d$ into heav5 & come d[n aga98 ,:o c ga!r ! w9d 9 8 fi/s8 ,:o c b9d ! wat]s 9 a g>m5t8 ,:o c grasp all ! ends ( ! e>?8 ,su* an "o w\ld ,i "q ab\t ,god3 ',:at is 8 "n8 ,& :at ! "n ( 8 sons1 if ?\ kn[e/ x8' ,& if ev5 speciali/s d n fulfil ^! conditions1 are we n =c$ to conclude t _! s-call$ k is a fraud & its subject-matt] unkn[able8 ,agur's views ( "r conduct--if we may judge by ! g5]al t5\r ( 8 fragm5t>y say+s & by ! pr9ciple embodi$ 9 8 six? & la/ s5t5ce1 9 :i* he rejects z a motive = action a high hope = a l[ heav5--are m>k$ by ! ess5tial *>act]i/ics ( true morality4 ,an action p]=m$ = ! sake ( any recomp5se1 human or div9e1 transitory or et]nal1 is egoti/ic by its nature1 & !re=e n moral2 & ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! man :o1 9 8 unreg5]ate days1 cut 8 neighb\rs' ?roats 9 ord] to enjoy _! prop]ty1 & aft] 8 conv]sion gave all 8 goods to fe$ ! poor1 9 ord] to enjoy et]nal happ9ess 9 heav51 is m int]e/+ to ! legislator ?an to ! morali/4 ,b1 7 x o!rwise1 ,agur holds t1 ev5 f a purely practical po9t ( view1 all ! hon\rs & rew>ds :i* mank9d c be/[ ^u _! greate/ b5efactor w\ld be too de>ly pur*as$ by a ruffl$ temp]2 9 o!r words1 m]e fre$om f positive pa9 is a great] boon ?an ! highe/ pleasure pur*as$ at ! price ( a little suff]+4 ,agur's politics gave z mu* (f5ce to ! prie/s z 8 !ology4 ,l mo/ orig9al ?9k]s1 he is a believ] 9 ! ari/ocracy ( tal5t1 & he makes no secret ( 8 pref]5ce ( a h]$it>y nobility to ^? up/>ts f ! ranks ( ! p :o possess no intellectual gifts to recomm5d !m4 ,= ! =m] h at lea/ tra9+ & h]$ity to guide !m1 :]eas ! latt] are devoid ev5 ( ^! recomm5dations4 ,^! views furni%$ ! gr\nds = ! *>ge ( ,sadduceeism pref]r$ aga9/ him by 8 adv]s>y4 ,to :at ext5t ,indian ?\ght1 & 9 p>ticul> ! metaphysics & e?ics ( ,buddhism1 influ5c$ ,agur's religi\s speculations1 x is impossible to d m ?an conjecture4 ,p]sonally ,i am dispos$ to ?9k t he 0 well acqua9t$ & inde$ ?or\ghly imbu$ ) ! tea*+s ( ! ,indian re=m]4 ,9 ! ?ird c5tury ,b4,c41 z already po9t$ out1 ! spread ( ! new religion ?r\gh ,bactria1 ,p]sia1 ,egypt1 & ,asia ,m9or 0 rapid4 ,moreov]1 ! turn tak5 by ! speculations ( cultur$ ,hebrews ( t epo* 0 precisely su* z we %\ld expect to f9d1 if x /ood to ,buddhi/ic prea*+ 9 ! relation ( effect to cause4 ,! scepticism ( ! philosoph]s ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 n except+ t ( ,agur :o may aptly be t]m$ ! ,hebrew ,voltaire1 0 n :olly de/ructive4 ,its sweep+ negations 9 ! sph]es ( metaphysics & !ology 7 amply comp5sat$ =--if "o c speak ( comp5sation 9 su* a connection--by ! positive1 humane1 & wise maxims x lays d[n 9 ! doma9 ( e?ics4 ,& ! corn]/one ( ! morality ( all ?ree--,job1 ,kohele?1 & ,agur--w\ld seem to be virtually id5tical ) t =mulat$ 9 ! ,indian aphorism3 ,alone ! do] do? ! de$2 alone he ta/es ! fruit x br+s2 ,alone he w&]s ?r\gh life's maze2 alone r$eems himself f be+4 ,buddhi/ic influ5ce 9 ! case ( ,agur1 !re=e1 is all ! m probable t x admirably dovetails ) all ! circum/ances ( "t & place kn[n to u1 ev5 on ! supposition1 :i* ,i am myself incl9$ to fav\r1 t ,agur liv$ & wrote 9 ,pale/9e4 ,?is probability is greatly enhanc$ by ! /rik+ aff9ity betwe5 ! ,buddhi/ conception ( reveal$ religions1 ( pr(essional prie/s & ( practical wisdom1 & t en%r9$ 9 ! few v]ses ( ,agur :i* we possess4 ,x is rais$ to a degree ak9 to c]ta9ty by ! actual occurr5ce ( ,indian images1 similes1 & ev5 concrete aphorisms 9 ! %ort fragm5t ( sev5 /rophes pres]v$ to u 9 ! ,book ( ,prov]bs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,poem ,,( ,,job ,,translation ,,( ,,! ,,re/or$ ,,text 99 99 99 99 99 ,,prologue ,,*ap4 ,i4 ,a4,v4 #a ,!re 0 a man 9 ! l& ( ,uz1 ^: "n 0 ,job2 & t man 0 p]fect & upright1 & "o t fe>$ ,god1 & es*ew$ evil4 #b ,& !re 7 born unto him sev5 sons & ?ree daught]s4 #c ,8 sub/ance also 0 sev5 ?\s& %eep1 & ?ree ?\s& camels1 & five hundr$ yoke ( ox51 & five hundr$ %e asses1 & a v great h\sehold2 s t ?is man 0 ! greate/ ( all ! m5 ( ! ea/4 #d ,& 8 sons w5t & fea/$ 9 _! h\ses1 e "o 8 day2 & s5t & call$ = _! ?ree si/]s to eat & to dr9k ) !m4 #e ,& x 0 s1 :5 ! days ( _! fea/+ 7 gone ab\t1 t ,job s5t & sanctifi$ !m1 & rose up e>ly 9 ! morn+1 & (f]$ burnt (f]+s accord+ to ! numb] ( !m all3 = ,job said1 ,x may be t my sons h s9n$1 & curs$ ,god 9 _! he>ts4 ,?us did ,job cont9ually4 #f ,n[ !re 0 a day :5 ! sons ( ,god came to pres5t !mselves be=e ! ,"l1 & ,satan came also among !m4 #g ,& ! ,"l said unto ,satan1 ,:5ce come/ ?\8 ,!n ,satan answ]$ ! ,"l1 & said1 ,f go+ to & fro 9 ! e>? & f walk+ up & d[n 9 x4 #h ,& ! ,"l said unto ,satan1 ,ha/ ?\ consid]$ my s]vant ,job1 t !re is none l him 9 ! e>?1 a p]fect & an upright man1 "o t fe>e? ,god1 & es*ewe? evil8 #i ,!n ,satan answ]$ ! ,"l1 & said1 ,do? ,job fe> ,god = n\ght8 #aj ,ha/ n ?\ made an h$ge ab\t him1 & ab\t 8 h\se1 & ab\t all t he ha? on e side8 ?\ ha/ bless$ ! "w ( 8 h&s1 & 8 sub/ance is increas$ 9 ! l&4 #aa ,b put =? ?9e h& n[1 & t\* all t he ha?1 & he w curse !e to ?y face4 #ab ,& ! ,"l said unto ,satan1 ,behold1 all t he ha? is 9 ?y p[]2 only ^u himself put n =? ?9e h&4 ,s ,satan w5t =? f ! pres5ce ( ! ,"l4 #ac ,& !re 0 a day :5 8 sons & 8 daught]s 7 eat+ & dr9k+ w9e 9 _! elde/ bro!r's h\se3 #ad ,& !re came a mess5g] unto ,job1 & said1 ,! ox5 7 pl[+1 & ! asses 7 fe$+ beside !m3 #ae ,& ! ,sabeans fell ^u !m1 & took !m away2 yea1 !y h sla9 ! s]vants ) ! edge ( ! sword2 & ,i only am escap$ alone to tell !e4 #af ,:ile he 0 yet speak+1 !re came also ano!r1 & said1 ,! fire ( ,god is fall5 f heav51 & ha? burn$ up ! %eep1 & ! s]vants1 & consum$ !m2 & ,i only am escap$ alone to tell !e4 #ag ,:ile he 0 yet speak+1 !re came also ano!r1 & said1 ,! ,*aldeans made out ?ree b&s1 & fell ^u ! camels1 & h c>ri$ !m away1 yea1 & sla9 ! s]vants ) ! edge ( ! sword2 & ,i only am escap$ alone to tell !e4 #ah ,:ile he 0 yet speak+1 !re came also ano!r1 & said1 ,?y sons & ?y daught]s 7 eat+ & dr9k+ w9e 9 _! elde/ bro!r's h\se3 #ai ,&1 behold1 !re came a great w9d f ! wild]ness1 & smote ! f\r corn]s ( ! h\se1 & x fell ^u ! "y m51 & !y are dead2 & ,i only am escap$ alone to tell !e4 #bj ,!n ,job arose1 & r5t 8 mantle1 & %av$ 8 head1 & fell d[n ^u ! gr\nd & wor%ipp$1 #ba ,& said1 ,nak$ came ,i out ( my "m's womb1 & nak$ %all ,i return ?i!r3 ! ,"l gave1 & ! ,"l ha? tak5 away2 bless$ be ! "n ( ! ,"l4 #bb ,9 all ?is ,job s9n$ n1 nor *>g$ ,god fooli%ly4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,a4,v4 #a ,aga9 !re 0 a day :5 ! sons ( ,god came to pres5t !mselves be=e ! ,"l1 & ,satan came also among !m to pres5t himself be=e ! ,"l4 #b ,& ! ,"l said unto ,satan1 ,f :5ce come/ ?\8 ,& ,satan answ]$ ! ,"l1 & said1 ,f go+ to & fro 9 ! e>?1 & f walk+ up & d[n 9 x4 #c ,& ! ,"l said unto ,satan1 ,ha/ ?\ consid]$ my s]vant ,job1 t !re is none l him 9 ! e>?1 a p]fect & an upright man1 "o t fe>e? ,god1 & es*ewe? evil8 & /ill he holde? fa/ 8 integrity1 al?\gh ?\ mov$/ me aga9/ him1 to de/roy him )\t cause4 #d ,& ,satan answ]$ ! ,"l1 & said1 ,sk9 = sk91 yea1 all t a man ha? w he give = 8 life4 #e ,b put =? ?9e h& n[1 & t\* 8 bone & 8 fle%1 & he w curse !e to ?y face4 #f ,& ! ,"l said unto ,satan1 ,behold he is 9 ?9e h&2 b save 8 life4 #g ,s w5t ,satan =? f ! pres5ce ( ! ,"l1 & smote ,job ) sore boils f ! sole ( 8 foot unto 8 cr[n4 #h ,& he took him a pot%]d to scrape himself )al2 & he sat d[n among ! a%es4 #i ,!n said 8 wife unto him1 ,do/ ?\ /ill reta9 ?9e integrity8 curse ,god1 & die4 #aj ,b he said unto h]1 ,?\ speake/ z "o ( ! fooli% wom5 speake?4 ,:at6 %all we receive good at ! h& ( ,god1 & %all we n receive evil8 ,9 all ?is did n ,job s9 ) 8 lips4 #aa ,n[ :5 ,job's ?ree fri5ds he>d ( all ?is evil t 0 come ^u him1 !y came e "o f 8 own place2 ,eliphaz ! ,temanite1 & ,bildad ! ,%uhite1 & ,zoph> ! ,naama?ite3 = !y _h made an appo9tm5t toge!r to come to m\rn ) him & to com=t him4 #ab ,& :5 !y lift$ up _! eyes af> (f1 & knew him n1 !y lift$ up _! voice1 & wept2 & !y r5t e "o 8 mantle1 & spr9kl$ du/ ^u _! heads t[>d heav54 #ac ,s !y sat d[n ) him ^u ! gr\nd sev5 days & sev5 nights1 & none spake a ^w unto him3 = !y saw t 8 grief 0 v great4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,a4,v4 #a ,aft] ?is op5$ ,job 8 m\?1 & curs$ 8 day4 #b ,& ,job spake1 & said3 ,i ,,job3 ,w\ld ! day _h p]i%$ :]e9 ,i 0 born1 ,& ! night :i* said3 behold1 a man *ild6 ,w\ld t ,god on high _h n call$ = x1 ,& t light _h n %one ^u x6 ,,ii ,w\ld t d>kness & gloom _h claim$ x = _! own2 ,w\ld t cl\ds _h hov]$ ov] x2 ,w\ld x nev] _h be5 jo9$ to ! days ( ! ye>1 ,nor ent]$ into ! numb] ( ! mon?s6 ,,iii ,w\ld t t night _h be5 b>r51 ,& t rejoic+ _h n come !re92 ,t !y _h curs$ x :o curse ! days1#aif ,t ! />s ( its twilight _h wax$ dim6 ,,iv ,w\ld x _h ye>n$ = light b f\nd none1 ,nor beheld ! eye-lids ( ! morn+ dawn6 ,= x clos$ n ! door ( my "m's womb1 ,nor hid sorr[ f m9e eyes4 ,v ,:y di$ ,i n /raight f ! womb8 ,:y1 hav+ come out ( ! belly1 did ,i n expire8 ,:y did ! knees meet me8 ,& :y ! brea/s1 t ,i might suck8 ,,vi ,= !n %\ld ,i h la9 /ill & be5 quiet1 ,i %\ld h slept & n[ _h be5 at re/1 ,) ! k+s & c\nsellors ( ! e>?1 ,:o built desolate places = !mselves4 ,,vii ,or ) pr9ces1 once ri* 9 gold1 ,:o fill$ _! h\ses ) silv]1 ,i %\ld be z be+ n1 z an hidd5 untimely bir?1 ,l infants :i* nev] saw ! light6 ,,viii ,!re ! wick$ cease f tr\bl+1 ,& !re ! we>y be at re/2 ,!re ! prison]s repose toge!r1 ,nor he> ! taskma/]'s voice4 ,,ix ,:y gives he light to ! afflict$1 ,& life unto ! bitt] 9 s\l1 ,:o ye>n = dea?1 b x come? n1 ,& dig = x m ?an = buri$ treasures8 ,x ,hail to ! man :o ha? f\nd a grave6 ,!n only ha? ,god h$g$ him 94#aig ,= sigh+ is become my bread1 ,& my cry+ is unto me z wat]4 ,,xi ,= ! ?+ ,i dread$ come? ^u me1 ,& t ,i trembl$ at befalle? me4 ,i am n 9 safety1 nei!r h ,i re/2 ,nor quiet1 b tr\ble come? alway4 ,,xii ,,eliphaz3 ,lo1 ?\ ha/ in/ruct$ _m1 ,?y words h uphold5 him t 0 /umbl+4 ,n[ ha? ?9e own turn come1 ,& ?\ ?yself art worri$ & tr\bl$4 ,,xiii ,0 n ! fe> ( ,god ?y confid5ce8 ,& ! uprightness ( ?y ways ?y hope8 ,be?9k1 ,i pray !e1 :o ev] p]i%$ guiltless8 ,or :]e 7 ! righte\s cut (f8 ,,xiv ,i saw !m puni%$ t pl\gh iniquity1 ,& !m t s[ sorr[ reap ! same2 ,by ! bla/ ( ,god !y p]i%1 ,& by ! brea? ( 8 no/rils are !y consum$4#aih ,,xv ,n[ a ^w 0 waft$ unto me by /eal?1#aii ,& m9e e> receiv$ ! :isp] !re(2 ,9 ?\ghts f ! visions ( ! night1 ,:5 deep sleep falle? ^u man4 ,,xvi ,fe> came ^u me & trembl+1 ,:i* made all my bones to %ake4 ,!n a spectre sp$ be=e my face2 ,! hair ( my fle% bri/l$ up4 ,,xvii ,x /ood1 b ,i c\ld n disc]n its =m4 ,i he>d a g5tle voice3-- ,%all a mortal be m j ?an ,god8 ,%all a man be m pure ?an 8 mak]8 ,,xviii ,behold1 9 8 s]vants he puts no tru/1-- ,nay1 8 angels#bjj he *>ge? ) folly2-- ,h[ mu* less 9 ! dwell]s 9 h\ses ( clay1 ,^: f\ndations are d[n 9 ! du/4 ,,xix ,betwe5 dawn & ev5+ !y are de/roy$3 ,!y p]i% & no man recke?4 ,is n _! t5t-pole torn up8#bja ,& b]eft ( wisdom1 !y die4 ,,xx ,call n[1 if s be any w answ] !e2 ,& to :i* ( ! angels wilt ?\ turn8 ,= 8 own wra? kille? ! fooli% man1 ,& envy slaye? ! silly "o4 ,,xxi ,8 *ildr5 are f> f safety2 ,!y are cru%$1 & !re is none to save !m4 ,! hungry eate? up _! h>ve/1 ,& ! ?ir/y swille? _! milk4 ,,xxii ,= affliction spr+e? n out ( ! du/1 ,nor do? sorr[ spr\t up f ! gr\nd2-- ,= man is born unto tr\ble1 ,ev5 z ! sp>ks fly upw>d4 ,,xxiii ,b ,i w\ld seek unto ,god1 ,& unto ,god w\ld ,i commit my cause1 ,:o do? great ?+s & unfa?omable1 ,m>vell\s ?+s )\t numb]4 ,,xxiv ,he give? ra9 unto ! e>?1 ,& s5de? wat]s ^u ! fields2 ,to set up on high ^? t be l[1 ,t !y :o m\rn may be help$ to victory4 ,,xxv ,he cat*e? ! wise 9 _! own craft9ess1 ,& ! c\nsel ( ! cunn+ is ?w>t$2 ,:]e=e !y enc\nt] d>kness 9 ! daytime1 ,& at noonday grope z 9 ! night4 ,,xxvi ,! poor he deliv]e? f ! sword ( _! m\?1 ,& ! ne$y out ( ! h& ( ! mighty2 ,?us ! mis]able man obta9e? hope1 ,& iniquity /oppe? h] m\?4 ,,xxvii ,happy is ! man :om ,god correcte?2 ,!re=e spurn n ?\ ! *a/5+ ( ! ,almighty3 ,= he make? sore & b9de? up2 ,he smite?1 & 8 h&s make :ole4 ,,xxviii ,he %all deliv] !e 9 six tr\bles1 ,yea 9 sev5 !re %all no evil t\* !e3-- ,9 fam9e he %all r$eem !e f dea?1 ,& 9 w> f ! p[] ( ! sword4 ,,xxix ,?\ %all be hid f ! sc\rge ( ! tongue1#bjb ,nei!r %alt ?\ fe> mis=tune :5 x come?2 ,at de/ruction & fam9e ?\ %alt laugh1 ,nor %alt dread ! bea/s ( ! e>?4 ,,xxx ,= ?y t5t %all abide 9 peace1 ,& ?\ %alt visit ?y dwell+ & miss n\ght !re92 ,?\ %alt likewise "k t ?y se$ w be great1 ,& ?9e (fspr+ z ! grass ( ! e>?4 ,,xxxi ,?\ %alt g d[n to ?y grave 9 ! fulness ( ?y days1 ,ripe z a %ock ( corn br\ght home 9 its season4 ,lo1 ?is h we f\nd out1 s x is6 ,?is we h he>d1 & take x ?\ to he>t4 ,,xxxii ,,job3 ,oh t my wra? 7 ?or\ghly weigh$1 ,& my woe laid aga9/ x 9 ! balances6 ,= x w\ld prove heavi] ?an ! s&s ( ! sea2 ,!re=e are my words wild4 ,,xxxiii ,= ! arr[s ( ! ,almighty are )9 me2 ,my _s dr9ke? 9 ! v5om !re(4 ,! t]rors ( ,god move aga9/ me1 ,he use? me l to an enemy4 ,,xxxiv ,do? ! wild ass bray :5 he ha? grass8 ,or l[e? ! ox ov] 8 fodd]8 ,w\ld "o eat ?+s insipid )\t salt8 ,is !re ta/e 9 ! :ite ( raw eggs8 ,,xxxv ,oh t ,i might h my reque/1 ,& t ,god w\ld grant me ! ?+ ,i long =6 ,ev5 t x w\ld please him to de/roy me1 ,t he w\ld let g 8 h& & cut me (f6 ,,xxxvi ,!n %\ld ,i yet h com=t1 ,yea1 ,i w\ld exult 9 my rel5tless pa94 ,= t1 at lea/1 w\ld be my due f ,god1 ,s9ce ,i h nev] )/ood ! words ( ! ,holy ,"o4 ,,xxxvii ,:at is my /r5g? t ,i %\ld hope8 ,& :at m9e end t ,i %\ld be pati5t8 ,is my /r5g? ! /r5g? ( /ones8 ,or is my fle% ( brass8 ,,xxxviii ,am ,i n utt]ly b]eft ( help8 ,& is n rescue driv5 :olly away f me8 ,is n pity ! duty ( ! fri5d1 ,:o1 else1 turne? away f ! fe> ( ,god8 ,,xxxix ,my bre?r5 h disappo9t$ me z a torr5t1 ,!y pass away z a /ream ( brooks1 ,:i* 7 blacki% by reason ( ! ice1 ,:]e9 ! sn[ hide? itself4 ,,xl ,! c>avans ( ,tema s\ght = !m1 ,! companies ( ,%eba hop$ = !m4 ,b :5 ! sun w>m$ !m !y vani%$2 ,:5 x wax$ hot !y 7 consum$ f _! place4 ,,xli ,did ,i say3 ,be/[ aught ^u me8 ,or give a bribe = me ( y\r sub/ance8 ,or deliv] me f ! enemy's h&8 ,or r$eem me f ! h& ( ! mighty8 ,,xlii ,tea* me & ,i w hold my tongue2 ,& cause me to disc]n :]e9 ,i h err$4 ,h[ cutt+ are y\r righte\s words6 ,b :at do? y\r argu+ reprove8 ,,xliii ,d ye imag9e to rebuke words8 ,b ! words ( ! desp]ate are spok5 to ! w9d4 ,w ye ev5 assail me1 ! blameless "o8 ,& h>r[ up y\r fri5d8 ,,xliv ,b n[ v\*safe to turn unto me1 ,= surely ,i w n lie to y\r face4 ,i pray y1 return2 let no wrong be done4 ,return1 = ju/ice abide? /ill )9 me4 ,,xlv ,is !re iniquity 9 my tongue8 ,_c my palate disc]n mis=tunes8 ,ha? n man w>f>e ^u e>?8 ,& are n 8 days l to ^? ( an hirel+8 ,,xlvi ,z a slave pant+ = ! %ade1 & f9d+ x n1 ,z an hirel+ await+ ! wage = 8 "w1 ,s to me mon?s ( sorr[ are allott$1 ,& we>isome nights are appo9t$ to me4 ,,xlvii ,ly+ d[n ,i exclaim3 ,:5 %all ,i arise8 ,& ,i toss f side to side till ! dawn+ ( ! day2#bjc ,my fle% is clo!d ) worms & clods ( du/1 ,my sk9 gr[s rigid & breaks up aga94 ,,xlviii ,my days are swift] ?an a weav]'s %uttle1 ,& h come to an end )\t hope2#bjd ,rememb]1 ,i pray1 t my life is w9d1 ,t m9e eye %all see good no m4 ,,xlix ,z ! cl\d is dispell$ & vani%e? away1 ,s he t goes d[n to ! grave %all n come up aga92 ,he %all nev] return to 8 h\se1 ,nei!r %all 8 place "k him any m4 ,l ,i too w n re/ra9 my m\?1 ,i w speak out 9 ! bitt]ness ( my s\l4 ,am ,i a sea or a sea-mon/]1#bje ,t ?\ sette/ a wat* ov] me8 ,,li ,:5 ,i say3 ,my b$ %all com=t me1 ,my c\* %all ease my compla9t2 ,!n ?\ sc>e/ me ) dreams1 ,& t]rifie/ me ) visions4 ,,lii ,!n my s\l w\ld h *os5 /rangl+1 ,& dea? by my own resolve3 ,b ,i spurn$ x1 = ,i %all n live = ev]2 ,let me be1 = my days are a brea?4 ,,liii ,:at is man t ?\ %\ld/ magnify him8 ,& t ?\ %\ld/ set ?9e he>t ^u him8 ,t ?\ %\ld/ visit him e morn+1 ,& try him e mom5t8#bjf ,,liv ,:y wilt ?\ n look away f me8 ,nor leave me 9 peace :ile !re is brea? 9 my ?roat8 ,:y ha/ ?\ set me up z a butt1 ,s t ,i am become a t>get = !e8 ,,lv ,:y do/ ?\ n r p>don my misde$1 ,& take away m9e iniquity8 ,= n[ ,i mu/ lay myself d[n 9 ! du/1 ,& ?\ %alt seek me1 b ,i %all n be4 ,,lvi ,,bildad3 ,h[ long wilt ?\ utt] ^! ?+s1 ,& %all ! words ( ?y m\? be l a /orm w9d8 ,do? ,god p]v]t judgm5t8 ,or do? ! ,almighty corrupt ju/ice8 ,,lvii ,if ?\ w\ld/ seek unto ,god1 ,& make ?y supplication to ! ,almighty1 ,he w\ld he> ?y pray]1 ,& re/ore ! h\se ( ?y blamelessness4 ,,lviii ,= inquire1 ,i pray !e1 ( ! bygone age1 ,& give he$ to ! se>* ( ! =efa!rs2 ,%all !y n tea* !e1 ,& utt] words out ( _! he>t8 ,,lix ,c ! papyrus gr[ )\t m>%8 ,c ! ,nile-re$ %oot up )\t wat]8 ,:il/ /ill 9 its gre5ness uncut1 ,x )]e? be=e any h]b4 ,,lx ,su* is ! end ( all t =get ,god1 ,& ev5 ?us %all ! hope ( ! impi\s p]i%1 ,^: hope is z gossam] ?reads1 ,& ^: tru/ is z a spid]'s web4 ,,lxi ,= he leans ^u 8 h\se1 ,& has a firm foot+ to :i* he cleaves2 ,he is gre5 9 ! gl[ ( ! sun1 ,& 8 bran* %oote? =? 9 8 g>d54 ,,lxii ,b 8 roots are entangl$ 9 a heap ( /ones1 ,& rocky soil keeps hold ^u him2 ,x de/roye? him f 8 place1 ,!n t d5y+ him sai?3 ,i h n se5 !e4 ,,lxiii ,behold1 ?is is ! joy ( 8 lot1 ,& out ( ! du/ %all o!rs gr[4 ,lo6 ,god w n ca/ out a p]fect man1 ,nei!r w he take evil-do]s by ! h&4 ,,lxiv ,he w yet fill ?y m\? ) laugh+ ,& ?y lips ) rejoic+4 ,!y t hate !e %all be clo!d ) %ame1 ,& ! t5t ( ! wick$ %all disappe>4 ,,lxv ,,job3 ,i "k x is s ( a tru?2 ,= h[ %\ld man be 9 ! "r aga9/ ,god8 ,if he long to cont5d ) him1 ,he _c answ] him "o ( a ?\s&4 ,,lxvi ,wise is he 9 he>t & mighty 9 /r5g?3 ,:o c\ld v5ture aga9/ him & rema9 safe8-- ,aga9/ him :o move? m\nta9s & kn[e? n ,t he ha? ov]turn$ !m 9 8 ang]4 ,,lxvii ,he %ake? ! e>? out ( h] place1 ,& ! inhabitants !re( quake ) fe>2 ,he comm&e? ! sun & x rise? n1 ,& he seale? up ! />s4#bjg ,,lxviii ,he alone spreade? out ! heav5s1 ,& treade? ^u ! heights ( ! sea2 ,he do? great ?+s pa/ f9d+ out1 ,yea1 & wond]s )\t numb]4#bjh ,,lxix ,lo1 he glide? by me & ,i see him n2 ,& he passe? on1 b ,i p]ceive him n4 ,behold1 he take? away1 & :o c h9d] him8 ,:o w say unto him3 ,:at do/ ?\8 ,,lxx ,god w n )draw 8 ang]2 ,! v help]s ( ! sea-dragon#bji cr\* "u him4 ,h[ mu* less %all ,i answ] him1 ,& *oose out my words to argue ) him8 ,,lxxi ,i mu/ make supplication unto 8 judgm5t1 ,:o do? n answ] me1 ?\gh ,i am righte\s1 ,:o w\ld sweep me away ) a tempe/1 ,& multiply my w\nds )\t cause6 ,,lxxii ,he w n suff] me to take my brea?1 ,b fille? me ) bitt]ness4 ,if /r5g? be aught1 lo1 he is /rong1 ,& if judgm5t1 :o %all arraign him8 ,,lxxiii ,?\gh ,i 7 j1 my own m\? w\ld condemn me3 ,?\gh ,i 7 faultless1 he w\ld make me crook$4 ,faultless ,i am1 ,i set life at naught2 ,i spurn my be+1 !re=e ,i speak out4 ,,lxxiv ,he de/roye? ! upright & ! wick$1 ,:5 8 sc\rge slaye? at unaw>es4 ,he sc(fe? at ! trial ( ! innoc5t3 ,! e>? is giv5 into ! h& ( ! wick$4 ,,lxxv ,my days are swift] ?an a runn]3 ,!y flee away1 !y h se5 no good2 ,!y glide along l papyrus-boats1 ,l ! eagle swoop+ ^u its prey4 ,,lxxvi ,if ,i say3 ,i w =get my compla9t1 ,i w gladd5 my face & be *e]ful2 ,!n ,i %udd] at all my sorr[s3 ,i "k ?\ wilt n hold me guiltless4 ,,lxxvii ,if ,i wa%$ myself ) sn[1 ,& cleans$ my h&s ) lye1 ,?\ w\ld/ plunge me 9 ! dit*1 ,s t m9e own g>m5ts w\ld loa! me4 ,,lxxviii ,w\ld he 7 l unto myself1 t ,i might answ] him1 ,t we might come toge!r 9 judgm5t6 ,w\ld !re 7 an umpire betwe5 u1 ,:o might lay 8 h& ^u u bo?6 ,,lxxix ,let him b )draw f me 8 rod1 ,& let n dread ( him t]rify me2 ,!n w\ld ,i speak & n fe> him1 ,= be=e myself ,i am n s4#baj ,,lxxx ,my s\l is awe>y ( life1 ,i w let loose my compla9t aga9/ ,god2 ,i w say unto ,god3 ,hold me n guilty2 ,%[ me :]e=e ?\ cont5de/ ) me4 ,,lxxxi ,is x meet t ?\ %\ld/ oppress1 ,%\ld/ ?ru/ aside ! "w ( ?9e h&s8 ,see/ ?\ z man see?8 ,are ?y days z ! days ( mortals8 ,,lxxxii ,= ?\ inquire/ aft] m9e iniquity1 ,& se>*e/ aft] my s91 ,?\gh ?\ kn[e/ t ,i am n wick$1 ,& t !re is none :o c deliv] out ( ?9e h&4 ,,lxxxiii ,?9e h& ha? made & fa%ion$ me1 ,& n[ ha/ ?\ turn$ to de/roy me2 ,rememb]1 ,i pray !e1 t ?\ ha/ =m$ me z clay2 ,& n[ wilt ?\ gr9d me to du/ aga98 ,,lxxxiv ,did/ ?\ n p\r me out z milk1 ,& curdle me l *eese8 ,ha/ ?\ n clo!d me ) sk9 & fle%8 ,& knitt$ me ) bones & s9ews8 ,,lxxxv ,?\ endu$/ me ) life & grace2 ,& ?y c>e ha? *]i%$ my _s4 ,& yet ^! ?+s had/ ?\ hid 9 ?y he>t6 ,i "k t ?is 0 9 !e6 ,,lxxxvi ,_h ,i s9n$1 ?\ w\ld/ h wat*$ me1 ,nor w\ld/ h acquitt$ me ( my wrongdo+4 ,_h ,i be5 wick$1 woe unto me6 ,& ?\gh righte\s1 ,i d>e n to lift up my head4 ,,lxxxvii ,z a lion ?\ hunte/ me1 :o am soak$ 9 mis]y1 ,& ev] %[e/ ?yself m>vell\s#baa aga9/ me6 ,:ile ,i live1 ?\ smite/ me ev] anew1 ,& lette/ ?y wra? wax great aga9/ me4 ,,lxxxviii ,:]e=e1 !n1 did/ ?\ br+ me out ( ! womb8 ,w\ld ,i _h !n giv5 up ! gho/1 & no eye _h se5 me6 ,i %\ld n[ be z ?\gh ,i _h nev] be52 ,i _h be5 borne f ! womb to ! grave4 ,,lxxxix ,are n ! days ( my life b few1 ,s t he might let me be1 :ile ,i take he>t a little ,be=e ,i dep>t :5ce ,i %all n return1 ,to ! l& ( d>kness & ( gloom8 ,,xc ,,zoph>3 ,%all ! multitude ( words be left unansw]$8 ,& %all ! prattl]#bab be deem$ 9 ! "r8 ,%\ld m5 hold _! peace at ?y babbl+8 ,& :5 ?\ je]e/1 %all none make !e a%am$8 ,,xci ,b oh t ,god w\ld speak1 ,& op5 8 lips aga9/ !e1 ,& t he w\ld %[ !e ! secrets ( wisdom ,t !y are z m>vels to ! und]/&+6 ,,xcii ,x#bac is high z heav52 :at can/ ?\ d8 ,deep] ?an hell2 :at can/ ?\ "k8 ,! measure !re( is long] ?an ! e>?1 ,& broad] ?an ! ocean4 ,,xciii ,= he kn[e? m5 ( deceit2 ,he see? wick$ness & ne$e? n to gauge x4 ,?us#bad ! empty man gets und]/&+1 ,& ! wild-ass' colt is born anew z man4 ,,xciv ,if ?\ make ready ?9e he>t1 ,& /ret* out ?9e h&s t[>ds him1 ,!n %alt ?\ lift up ?y face1 ,& 9 "t ( affliction be fe>less4 ,,xcv ,= !n %alt ?\ =get ?y mis]y1 ,& rememb] x z wat]s t h pass$ away2 ,! d>kness %all be z morn+1 ,& ?9e age %all be bright] ?an ! noonday4 ,,xcvi ,?\ %alt be secure because !re is hope1 ,?\ %alt look ar\nd & take ?y re/ 9 safety2 ,?\ %alt lie d[n & none %all />tle !e1 ,yea1 _m %all make suit unto !e4 ,,xcvii ,b ! eyes ( ! wick$ %all fail1 ,& refuge %all vani% f be=e !m2 ,_! hope %all be ! giv+ up ( ! gho/2 ,= ) him is wisdom & might4 ,,xcviii ,,job3 ,no d\bt b ye are clev] p1 ,& wisdom %all die ) y2 ,i too h und]/&+ z well z ye2 ,j1 upright is my way4 ,,xcix ,he t is at ease1 scorne? ! judgm5ts ( ,%addai4#bae ,8 foot /&s firm 9 ! "t ( trial4 ,! t5ts ( robb]s prosp]1 ,& !y t provoke ,god are secure4 ,c ,b ask1 ,i besee* y1 ! bea/s1 ,& ! f[ls ( ! air1 & !y %all tell !e2 ,or speak to ! e>? & x %all tea* !e1 ,& ! fi%es ( ! sea %all decl>e unto !e4 ,,ci ,is n ! s\l ( e liv+ ?+ 9 8 h&1 ,& ! brea? ( all mank9d8 ,do? n ! e> try words ,z ! m\? ta/e? its meat8 ,,cii ,= !re is no wisdom ) ! ag$1#baf ,nor und]/&+ 9 l5g? ( days2 ,) him is wisdom & /r5g?2 ,he ha? c\nsel & und]/&+4 ,,ciii ,behold he breake? d[n & x _c be build$ anew3 ,he %utte? up a man1 & :o c op5 to him8 ,lo1 he )holde? ! wat]s & !y dry up1 ,he lette? !m loose & !y ov]:elm ! e>?4 ,,civ ,) him is /r5g? & wisdom1 ,! err+ "o & 8 error are 81 ,:o leade? away c\nsellors b>efoot1 ,& r5d]e? ! judges fools4 ,,cv ,he br+e? back k+s into _! mausoleums1 ,& ov]?r[e? ! nobles2 ,he )drawe? ! spee* ( ! tru/y1 ,& take? away ! und]/&+ ( ! ag$4 ,,cvi ,he p\re? scorn ^u pr9ces1 ,& loose? ! girdle ( ! /rong2 ,he discov]e? deep ?+s out ( d>kness1 ,& br+e? gloom unto light4 ,,cvii ,he /eale? ! he>t ( ! *iefs ( ! e>?1 ,& make? !m w&] 9 a pa?less wild]ness ,s t !y grope 9 ! d>k )\t light1 ,& /agg] to & fro l a drunk5 man4 ,,cviii ,lo1 m9e eye ha? se5 all ?is1 ,m9e e> ha? he>d & und]/ood x4 ,:at ye "k1 ! same d ,i "k also2 ,i am n[ise inf]ior to y4 ,,cix ,b n[ ,i w\ld speak to ! ,almighty1 ,& ,i long to argue ) ,god2 ,= ye are weav]s ( lies1 ,ye all are pat*]s ( inanities4 ,,cx ,oh t ye w\ld all ( y hold y\r peace1 ,& t %\ld /& y 9 wisdom's /ead6 ,he>1 ,i besee* y1 ! reason+ ( my m\?1 ,& he>k5 to ! plead+s ( my lips6 ,,cxi ,w ye disc\rse wick$ly = ,god8 ,& utt] lies on 8 behalf8#bag ,w ye accept 8 p]son by d9t ( trick]y8 ,w ye cont5d = ,god ) deception8 ,,cxii ,7 x well = y %\ld he se>* y out8 ,c ye dupe him z ye dupe m58 ,w he n surely rebuke y1 ,if ye secretly#bah accept 8 p]son8 ,,cxiii ,%all n 8 maje/y1 !n1 make y afraid8 ,& 8 dread seize hold ( y8 ,w n y\r adages become z a%es1 ,y\r argum5ts ev5 z bulw>ks ( clay8 ,,cxiv ,hold y\r peace t ,i may speak1 ,& let come ^u me :at w6 ,i %all take my life 9 my tee?1 ,& put my s\l 9 m9e h&4 ,,cxv ,lo1 let him kill me1 ,i *]i% hope no m1 ,only ,i w ju/ify my way be=e 8 face4 ,?is too w aid my triumph1 ,t no wick$ "o d>es appe> 9 8 sight4 ,,cxvi ,behold n[1 ,i h ord]$ my cause2 ,i "k t ,i %all be ju/ifi$4 ,:o is he t w plead ) me8 ,only d n two ?+s unto me6 ,,cxvii ,)draw ?9e h& f me1 ,& let n dread ( !e make me afraid4 ,!n call ?\ & ,i w answ]1 ,or let me speak & answ] ?\ unto me4 ,,cxviii ,h[ _m are m9e iniquities8 ,make me to "k my misde$s4 ,:]e=e hide/ ?\ ?y face1 ,& holde/ me = ?9e enemy8 ,,cxix ,wilt ?\ sc>e a leaf driv5 to & fro8 ,& wilt ?\ pursue ! dry /ubble8 ,t ?\ write/ d[n bitt] ?+s aga9/ me1 ,& impute/ to me ! errors ( my y\?4 ,,cxx ,?\ obs]ve/ all my pa?s1 ,& putte/ my feet into ! /ocks1 ,?y *a9 weighe? heavy ^u me1 ,& cutte? into my feet4#bai ,,cxxi ,man t is born ( a woman1 ,poor 9 days & ri* 9 tr\ble2 ,he come? =? l a fl[] & fade?1 ,he flee? z a %ad[ & abide? n4 ,,cxxii ,& ^u su* an "o do/ ?\ op5 ?9e eyes6 ,& him ?\ br+e/ into judgm5t ) !e6 ,?\gh he is gnaw$ z a rott5 ?+1 ,z a g>m5t t is mo?-eat54 ,,cxxiii ,if 8 days are det]m9$ ^u e>?1 ,if ! numb] ( 8 mon?s are ) !e2 ,look !n away f him t he may re/1 ,till he %all accompli% 8 day1 z an hirel+4 ,,cxxiv ,= !re is a future = ! tree1 ,& hope rema9e? to ! palm3 ,cut d[n1 x w spr\t aga91 ,& its t5d] bran* w n cease4 ,,cxxv ,?\gh its roots wax old 9 ! e>? ,& its /ock lie buri$ 9 m\ld1 ,yet ?r\gh vap\r ( wat] w x bud1 ,& br+ =? b\ghs l a plant4 ,,cxxvi ,b man die?1 & lie? out/ret*$2 ,he give? up ! gho/1 :]e is he !n8 ,he lie? d[n & rise? n up2 ,till heav5 be no m he %all n awake4 ,,cxxvii ,oh t ?\ w\ld/ hide me 9 ! grave6 ,t ?\ w\ld/ secrete me till ?y wra? be pass$6 ,t ?\ w\ld/ appo9t me a set "t & rememb] me6 ,if s be man c\ld die & yet live on6 ,,cxxviii ,all ! days ( my w>f>e ,i !n w\ld wait1 ,till my relief %\ld come2 ,?\ w\ld/ call & ,i w\ld answ] !e1 ,?\ w\ld/ ye>n aft] ! "w ( ?9e h&s4 ,,cxxix ,b n[ ?\ r5umb]e/ my /eps1 ,?\ do/ n =give my fail+2 ,?\ seale/ my transgressions 9 a bag1 ,& ?\ /ill keepe/ add+ to my guilt4 ,,cxxx ,,eliphaz3 ,%\ld a wise man utt] empty k1 ,& fill 8 belly ) ! ea/ w9d8 ,%\ld he reason ) bootless prattle8 ,or ) spee*es t pr(it him no?+8 ,,cxxxi ,yea1 ?\ make/ void ! fe> ( ,god1 ,& weak5e/ respect be=e him2 ,= ?9e own iniquity in/ructe? ?y m\?1 ,& ?\ *oose/ ! tongue ( ! crafty4 ,,cxxxii ,art ?\ ! fir/ man born8 ,or wa/ ?\ made be=e ! hills8 ,wa/ ?\ he>d 9 ! c\ncil ( ,god8 ,& ha/ ?\ drawn wisdom unto ?yself8 ,,cxxxiii ,:at kn[e/ ?\ t we "k n8 ,:at und]/&e/ ?\ :i* is n 9 u8 ,do? ! solace ( ,god n suffice unto !e1 ,& a ^w to !e :isp]$ s(tly8 ,,cxxxiv ,:y do? ?9e he>t c>ry !e away1 ,& :at d ?9e eyes w9k at1 ,t ?\ turne/ ?y _s aga9/ ,god1 ,& lette/ g su* words f ?y m\?8 ,,cxxxv ,behold he putte? no tru/ 9 8 sa9ts2 ,yea1 ! heav5s are n clean 9 8 sight2 ,h[ mu* less ! f\l & corrupt "o1-- ,man1 :o lappe? up wick$ness l wat]4 ,,cxxxvi ,:at ! wise ann\nce unto u1 ,_! fa!rs did n )hold x f !m2 ,unto !m alone ! l& 0 giv51 ,& no /rang] pass$ among !m4#bbj ,,cxxxvii ,! wick$ man travaile? all 8 days ) pa91 ,& few are ! ye>s appo9t$ to ! oppressor3 ,a s\nd ( dread is 9 8 e>s3 ,9 prosp]ity ! de/roy] %all ov]take him4 ,,cxxxviii ,he has no hope ( return out ( d>kness1 ,& he is wait$ = by ! sword4 ,! day ( gloom %all t]rify him1 ,di/ress & angui% %all fa/5 ^u him4 ,,cxxxix ,= he /ret*$ out 8 arm aga9/ ,god1 ,& gird$ himself aga9/ ! ,almighty3 ,ru%+ ^u him ) a /iff neck1 ,gu>d$ by ! ?ick bosses ( 8 buckl]4 ,,cxl ,! gl[ %all dry up 8 bran*es1 ,& 8 blossom %all be snapp$ by ! /orm-w9d4 ,let him n tru/ 9 vanity--he is delud$1 ,= 8 b>t]#bba %all prove wor?less4 ,,cxli ,8 (f%oot %all )] be=e 8 "t1 ,& 8 bran* %all n be gre52 ,he %all %ake (f 8 unripe grape1 l ! v9e1 ,& %all %$ 8 fl[] l ! olive4 ,,cxlii ,= ! tribe ( ! wick$ %all be b>r51 ,& fire %all consume ! t5ts ( brib]y3 ,!y conceive mis*ief1 & br+ =? disa/]1 ,& _! belly bre$s abortion4 ,,cxliii ,,job3 ,_m su* ?+s h ,i he>d be=e4 ,/++ com=t]s are ye all6 ,%all idle words h an end8 ,:at pricks !e t ?\ answ]e/8 ,,cxliv ,i1 too1 c\ld disc\rse z ye d1 ,if y\r s\ls 7 9 my s\l's /ead4 ,i w\ld inspirit y ) my m\?1 ,nor w\ld ,i grudge ! mov+ ( my lips4 ,,cxlv ,b he ha? s jad$ me t ,i am b5umb$2 ,8 :ole ho/#bbb ha? seiz$ me4 ,8 wra? hackles me & pursues me1 ,he gna%es ^u me ) 8 tee?4 ,,cxlvi ,! arr[s ( 8 myriads h /rick5 me1 ,he :ets 8 sword1 fix+ 8 eyes ^u me4 ,!y smite me on ! *eek outrage\sly1 ,!y mass !mselves toge!r aga9/ me4 ,,cxlvii ,god ha? turn$ me ov] to ! ungodly1 ,& deliv]$ me into ! h&s ( ! wick$4 ,i 0 at ease1 b he clove me asund]1 ,he ?rottl$ me & %ook me to pieces4 ,,cxlviii ,he sets me up = 8 t>get2 ,8 ar*]s compass me r\nd ab\t2 ,he rives my re9s asund]1 & sp>e? n1 ,he p\re? out my gall ^u ! gr\nd4 ,,cxlix ,) brea* ^u brea* he breake? me1 ,he ru%e? ^u me l a w>rior2 ,sackclo? & a%es cov] me1 ,& my horn has be5 laid 9 ! du/4 ,,cl ,my face is agl[ ) weep+ ,& d>kness abides on my eyelids2 ,?\gh on my h&s !re is no evil1 ,& my pray] is pure6 ,,cli ,oh e>?6 cov] n ?\ my blood6 ,& let my cry f9d no re/+-place6 ,ev5 n[ behold my witness is 9 heav51 ,& my v\*] is on high4 ,,clii ,my fri5ds laugh me wantonly to scorn2 ,m9e eye p\re? te>s unto ,god4 ,let him adjudge betwe5 man & ,god1 ,& betwe5 man & 8 fell[4 ,,cliii ,soon w ! wail+-wom5 come1 ,& ,i g ! way ,i %all n return4 ,my _s is sp5t1 ! grave is ready = me ,truly ,i am sc(f$ at4 ,,cliv ,hold /ill my pl$ge 9 ?y keep+1 ,:o !n w be my v\*]8#bbc ,he yield$ 8 fri5ds z a prey1 ,& ! eyes ( 8 *ildr5 mu/ %rivel up4 ,,clv ,he ha? made me a by-^w ( ! peoples1 ,& !y spit into my face4 ,my eye is dim by d9t ( sorr[1 ,& all my memb]s are z a %ad[4 ,,clvi ,at ?is ! upright are appall$1 ,& ! j bridles up aga9/ ! impi\s4 ,b ! righte\s holds on 8 way1 ,& ! clean-h&$ waxe? ev] /rong]4 ,,clvii ,b z = y all--d ye return1 ,= ,i disc]n n "o wise man among y4 ,my days1 my ?\ghts h pass$ away2 ,my he>t's desires are cut asund]4 ,,clviii ,if ,i /ill hope1 x is = my h\se--! tomb4 ,i h made my b$ 9 ! d>kness4 ,i h said unto ! grave1 ,my ,"m1 ,& to ! maggot1 ,si/] m9e4 ,,clix ,& my hope--:]e is x n[8 ,my bliss--:o %all behold x8#bbd ,!y g d[n to ! b>s ( ! pit1 ,:5 our re/ toge!r is 9 ! du/4 ,,clx ,,bildad3 ,:5 wilt ?\ make an end ( words8 ,reflect1 & !n let u speak6 ,:]e=e are we c\nt$ z bea/s8 ,deem$ sil5c$ 9 ?y sight8 ,,clxi ,%all ! e>? be des]t$ = ?y sake8 ,& %all ! rock be remov$ f its place8 ,/ill ! light ( ! wick$ %all be d\t$1 ,& ! sp>k ( 8 fire %all n tw9kle4 ,,clxii ,! light 9 8 t5t %all be d>k2 ,& 8 tap] above him %all be put out4 ,! /eps ( 8 /r5g? %all be /rait5$1 ,& 8 own design %all ru9 him4 ,,clxiii ,= he is tangl$ 9 ! net by 8 own feet1 ,& he walke? ^u a sn>e4 ,! sl+s %all cat* him2 ,_m t]rors rage m5ac+ly r\nd him4 ,,clxiv ,hung] %all dog 8 foot/eps2 ,mis]y & ru9 /& ready by 8 side3 ,! limbs ( 8 body#bbe %all be gnaw$1 ,dev\r$ by ! fir/born ( dea?4#bbf ,,clxv ,he %all be dragg$ out f 8 /ronghold1 ,& he %all be br\ght to ! k+ ( t]rors2#bbg ,! memory ( him %all vani% f ! e>?1 ,he %all be driv5 f light into d>kness4 ,,clxvi ,he %all h nor son nor (fspr+ among 8 p1 ,& he %all h no "n above ! gr\nd2 ,none %all survive 9 8 dwell+s2 ,/rang]s %all dwell 9 8 t5t4 ,,clxvii ,!y ( ! we/ are a/oni$ at him1 ,& ^? ( ! ea/ /& agha/3 ,su* are ! dwell+s ( ! wick$1 ,& ?is 8 place :o kn[e? n ,god4 ,,clxviii ,,job3 ,h[ long w ye h>r[ my s\l1 ,& cru% me ) words8 ,already t5 times h ye insult$ me1 ,ev] inc5s+ me anew4 ,,clxix ,if inde$ ye w glorify y\rselves above me1 ,& prove me guilty ( blasphemy2 ,"k1 !n1 t ,god ha? wrong$ me1 ,& ha? compass$ me r\nd ) 8 net6 ,,clxx ,lo1 ,i cry out aga9/ viol5ce1 b ,i am n he>d2 ,i cry al\d1 b !re is no judgm5t4 ,he ha? f5c$ up my way t ,i _c pass2 ,& he ha? set d>kness 9 my pa?s4 ,,clxxi ,he ha? /ripp$ me ( my glory1 ,& tak5 ! cr[n f my head4 ,on all sides ha? he ru9$ me1 & ,i am undone2 ,& m9e hope ha? he fell$ l a tree4 ,,clxxii ,he ha? k9dl$ aga9/ me 8 wra?1 ,& looke? on me z "o ( 8 foes4 ,8 troops ?rong toge!r on my way1 ,& encamp r\nd ab\t my t5t4 ,,clxxiii ,he ha? put my bre?r5 f> f me1 ,& m9e acqua9tance are e/rang$ f me2 ,my k9sfolk /ay away f me1 ,& my bosom fri5ds h =gott5 me4 ,,clxxiv ,!y t dwell 9 my h\se1 & my maids1 ,z an ali5 am ,i 9 _! eyes4 ,i call my s]vant1 & he give? me no answ]1 ,i mu/ supplicate unto him ) my m\?4 ,,clxxv ,my brea? is irksome to my wife1 ,& my entreaty to ! *ildr5 ( my body4#bbh ,yea1 m]e lads despise me3 ,:5 ,i arise1 !y talk ab\t me4 ,,clxxvi ,all my *]i%$ fri5ds abhor me1 ,& !y :om ,i lov$ are turn$ aga9/ me2 ,my sk9 cleave? to my bones1 ,& my tee? are fall+ out4 ,,clxxvii ,h pity1 h pity on me1 ,o my fri5ds6 ,= ! h& ( ,god ha? smitt5 me4 ,:y d ye p]secute me l ,god1 ,& are n satiat$ ) my fle%8 ,,clxxviii ,oh w\ld b t my words1 ,oh w\ld t !y 7 writt5 d[n6 ,consign$ to writ+ = ev]1 ,or engrav5 ^u a rock6 ,,clxxix ,b ,i "k t my av5g] live?1 ,?\gh x be at !#bbi end ^u my du/2 ,my witness w av5ge ^! ?+s1 ,& a curse alight ^u m9e enemies4 ,,clxxx ,my re9s )9 me are consum$1 ,because y say3 ,h[ we %all p]secute him6 ,fe>1 = y\rselves1 ! sword1 ,= wra? ov]take? iniquities4 ,,clxxxi ,,zoph>3 ,x is n ?us t my ?\ghts inspire me1 ,nor is ?is ! et]nal law t ,i h kn[n4#bcj ,no2 ! triumph ( ! wick$ is %ortliv$1 ,& ! joy ( ! ungodly is b = a tw9kl+4 ,,clxxxii ,?\gh 8 height t[] al(t to ! heav5s1 ,& 8 head rea* up to ! cl\ds1 ,yet %all he p]i% = ev] l dung1 ,!y :o h se5 him %all ask3 ,:]e is he8 ,,clxxxiii ,he flitte? l a dream & %all n be f\nd1 ,yea1 he %all be *as$ away z a vision ( ! night2 ,8 h&s hav+ cru%$ ! ne$y1 ,mu/ re/ore ! sub/ance1 & he _c help x4 ,,clxxxiv ,he ha? swall[$ d[n ri*es & %all disgorge !m anew2 ,!y %all be driv5 out ( 8 belly4 ,he ha? suck$ 9 ! poison ( asps1 ,! vip]'s tongue %all slay him4 ,,clxxxv ,he %all n gaze ^u ! riv]s1 ,! brooks ( honey & milk2 ,he mu/ re/ore ! ga9 & %all n swall[ x1 ,8 lucre %all be z s& :i* he _c *ew4 ,,clxxxvi ,= ! poor he _h cru%$ & =sak52 ,_h robb$ an h\se b %all n build x up4 ,n\ght _h escap$ f 8 gre$1 ,!re=e %all 8 weal? n endure4 ,,clxxxvii ,9 ! fulness ( 8 abundance he %all be 9 /raits1 ,e h& ( ! wret*$ %all come ^u him3 ,he#bca %all ca/ ! fury ( 8 wra? ^u him1 ,& %all ra9 d[n ^u him t]rors4 ,,clxxxviii ,:5 he flee? f ! iron weapon1 ,!n ! arr[ ( /eel %all transfix him2 ,he drawe?1 & x come? out ( 8 back1 ,& ! glitt]+ /eel out ( 8 gall4 ,,clxxxix ,t]rors w trample ^u him1 ,all d>kness is hid 9 /ore = him2 ,a fire n k9dl$#bcb %all consume him1 ,:at rema9e? 9 8 t5t %all be dev\r$ !reby4 ,,cxc ,! heav5s reveal 8 iniquity1 ,& ! e>? rise? up aga9/ him3 ,?is is ! wick$ man's portion f ,god1 ,& ! h]itage appo9t$ him by ,elohim4 ,,cxci ,,job3 ,he>k5 dilig5tly to my spee*1 ,& let t /& me 9 y\r com=t's /ead6 ,suff] me t ,i may speak2 ,& aft] t ,i h spok51 mock on6 ,,cxcii ,z = me1 is my compla9t to m58 ,& h[ %\ld n my _s be impati5t8 ,look ^u me1 & tremble1 ,& lay y\r h& ^u y\r m\?6#bcc ,,cxciii ,ev5 :5 ,i rememb]1 ,i am dismay$1 ,& trembl+ take? hold on my fle%4 ,:]e=e d ! wick$ live8 ,become old1 yea1 wax mighty 9 /r5g?8 ,,cxciv ,_! h\ses are safe f fe>1 ,nei!r is ! rod ( ,god ^u !m2 ,_! bull g5d]s & faile? n1 ,_! c[ ca/e? n h] calf4 ,,cxcv ,_! se$ is e/abli%$ 9 _! sight1 ,& _! (fspr+ be=e _! eyes2 ,!y s5d =? _! little ones l a flock1 ,& _! *ildr5 skip ab\t4 ,,cxcvi ,!y take d[n ! timbrel & ! h>p1 ,& delight 9 ! s\nd ( ! bagpipe2 ,!y :ile away _! days 9 bliss1 ,& 9 a tw9kl+ g d[n to ! grave4#bcd ,,cxcvii ,& yet !y say unto ,god3 ,dep>t f u1 ,we desire n ! k ( ?y ways4 ,yet hold !y n happ9ess 9 _! own h&s8 ,is he n he$less ( ! c\nsel ( ! wick$8 ,,cxcviii ,h[ (t is ! lamp ( evil-do]s put out8 ,& h[ (t5 do? ru9 ov]:elm !m8 ,h[ (t are !y z /ubble be=e ! w9d1 ,& z *aff t ! /orm c>ries away8 ,,cxcix ,ye say1 ,god ho>ds puni%m5t = !#bce *ildr54 ,let him r requite ! wick$ himself t he may feel x6 ,8 own eyes %\ld behold 8 d[nfall ,& he himself %\ld dra9 ! ,almighty's wra?6 ,,cc ,if 8 sons are hon\r$1#bcf he w n "k x1 ,& if di%on\r$1 he w n p]ceive x4 ,only 9 8 own fle% do? he feel pa91 ,& = 8 own s\l w he lam5t4 ,,cci ,is ! wick$ taught und]/&+ by ,god8 ,& does he judge ! man ( blood8 ,nay1 he#bcg fille? 8 milk vessels ) milk1 ,& supplie? 8 bones ) m>r[4 ,,ccii ,b ! guiltless dies ) embitt]$ s\l1 ,& ha? nev] enjoy$ a pleasure2 ,!n !y alike lie d[n 9 ! du/1 ,& ! worms %all cov] !m bo?4 ,,cciii ,behold ,i "k y\r ?\ghts1 ,& ! plots :i* ye wrongfully weave aga9/ me4 ,& h[ w ye com=t me 9 va91 ,s9ce ( y\r answ]s n\ght b falsehood rema9s8 ,,cciv ,,eliphaz3 ,c a man be pr(itable unto ,god8 ,only unto himself is ! wise man s]viceable4 ,is x a boon to ! ,almighty t ?\ art righte\s8 ,or is x ga9 to him t ?\ make/ ?y way p]fect8 ,,ccv ,w he reprove !e = ?y fe> ( him8 ,w he ent] ) !e into judgm5t = t8 ,is n r ?y wick$ness great8 ,are n ?9e iniquities numb]less8 ,,ccvi ,= ?\ ha/ tak5 a pl$ge f ?y bro!r = n\ght1 ,& /ripp$ ! nak$ ( _! clo?+2 ,?\ ha/ n giv5 wat] to ! we>y to dr9k1 ,& ha/ )hold5 bread f ! hungry4 ,,ccvii ,b z = ! mighty man1 he held ! l&1 ,& ! hon\r$ man dwelt 9 x4 ,?\ ha/ s5t wid[s away empty1 ,& ! arms ( ! fa!rless h be5 brok54 ,,ccviii ,!re=e sn>es are r\nd ab\t !e1 ,& sudd5 fe> tr\ble? !e2 ,?y light ha? become d>kness1 ?\ can/ n see1 ,& a flood ( wat]s cov]e? !e4 ,,ccix ,do? n ,god look d[n f ! height ( heav51 ,& cru% ! mighty = t !y are gr[n haughty1 ,:i* say unto ,god3 ,dep>t f u1 ,& ,:at c ! ,almighty d aga9/ u8 ,,ccx ,& he =soo? %all fill _! h\ses ) goods1 ,& be he$less ( ! c\nsel ( ! wick$3 ,no2 ! righte\s %all look on & be glad1 ,& ! innoc5t %all laugh !m to scorn4 ,,ccxi ,befri5d n[ ?yself ) him1 & ?\ %alt be safe1 ,!reby %all good come unto !e4 ,receive1 ,i pray !e1 in/ruction f 8 m\?1 ,& treasure up 8 words 9 ?9e he>t4 ,,ccxii ,if ?\ turne/ to ,god & humble/ ?yself1 ,if ?\ remove iniquity f ?y t5t1 ,!n %alt ?\ h delight 9 ! ,almighty1 ,& %alt lift up ?y face unto ,god4 ,,ccxiii ,?\ %alt pray unto him & he %all he> !e1 ,& ?\ %alt pay ?y v[s2 ,if ?\ purpose a ?+1 x %all prosp] unto !e1 ,& a light %all %9e ^u ?y ways4 ,,ccxiv ,,job3 ,oh1 ,i "k x already3 ,i myself am to blame = my mis]y1#bch ,& 8 h& is heavy ^u me by reason ( my groan+6 ,oh t ,i knew :]e ,i might f9d him1 ,t ,i might come ev5 unto 8 seat6 ,,ccxv ,i w\ld plead my cause be=e him1 ,& fill my m\? ) argum5ts2 ,i w\ld fa9 "k ! words :i* he c\ld answ] me1 ,& le>n :at he w\ld say unto me4 ,,ccxvi ,w he plead aga9/ me ) 8 almighty p[]8 ,if n1 !n n ev5 he w\ld prevail aga9/ me4 ,= a righte\s "o w\ld dispute ) him2 ,s %\ld ,i be deliv]$ = ev] f my judge4 ,,ccxvii ,behold ,i g =w>d1 b he is n !re1 ,& backw>d1 b ,i _c p]ceive him4 ,= he kn[e? ! way t ,i h *os53 ,if he w\ld try me1 ,i %\ld come =? z gold4 ,,ccxviii ,my foot has held 8 /eps1 ,8 way h ,i kept & sw]v$ n2 ,i h n gone back f ! precept ( 8 lips1 ,i h hid ! words ( 8 m\? 9 my bosom4 ,,ccxix ,b he is b5t ^u "o ?+ & :o c turn him away8 ,& :at 8 s\l desire? ev5 t he doe?4 ,!re=e am ,i tr\bl$ be=e 8 face2 ,:5 ,i consid]1 ,i am afraid ( him4 ,,ccxx ,god ha? cru%$ my he>t1 ,& ! ,almighty ha? t]rifi$ me4 ,= ,i am annihilat$ because ( ! d>kness1 ,& gloom enwrappe? my face4 ,,ccxxi ,:y d ! times ( judgm5t dep5d ^u ! ,almighty1 ,& yet !y :o "k him d n see 8 days8#bci ,! wick$ remove ! l&m>ks2 ,!y rob flocks & lead !m to pa/ure4 ,,ccxxii ,!y drive away ! ass ( ! fa!rless1 ,! wid['s ox !y seize = a pl$ge2 ,!y turn ! ne$y out ( ! way1 ,all ! poor ( ! e>? h to hide !mselves4#bdj ,,ccxxiii ,lo1 ^! ?+s m9e e> ha? he>d1 ,m9e eye ha? se5 !m1 & s x is4#bda ,& if x be n s n[1 :o w make me a li>1 ,& r5d] my spee* mean+less8 ,,ccxxiv ,,bildad3 ,dom9ion & fe> are ) him1 ,:o make? peace 9 8 high places4 ,is !re any numb] to 8 armies8 ,& ^u :om do? 8 light n arise8 ,,ccxxv ,by 8 p[] ! sea gr[e? calm1 ,& by 8 und]/&+ he smite? ! sea-dragon4 ,by 8 brea? ! heav5s become spl5d\r2 ,8 h& ha? pi]c$ ! bolt-s]p5t4 ,,ccxxvi ,b ! ?und] ( 8 p[]1 ,:o und]/&s its work+8 ,& h[ c man be deem$ j be=e ,god1 ,& h[ c he be clean :o is born ( a woman8 ,,ccxxvii ,behold1 ev5 ! moon %9e? n1 ,yea1 ! />s are n pure 9 8 sight2 ,h[ mu* less man1 ! worm2 ,& ! son ( man1 ! maggot6 ,,ccxxviii ,,job3 ,h[ ha/ ?\ help$ him t is )\t p[]8 ,h[ upholde/ ?\ ! arm t ha? no /r5g?8 ,to :om ha/ ?\ utt]$ words8 ,& ^: _s w5t out f !e8 ,,ccxxix ,z ,god live? :o ha? tak5 away my "r1 ,& ! ,almighty :o ha? made my s\l bitt]1 ,nev] %all my lips confess untru?1 ,nor my tongue give utt]ance to falsehood6 ,,ccxxx ,f> be x f me to agree ) y6 ,till ,i die ,i w n yield up my integrity6 ,my righte\sness ,i hold fa/ & w n let x g1 ,my he>t do? n c5sure any "o ( my days4 ,,ccxxxi ,i w tea* y ab\t ! h& ( ,god1 ,! c\nsel ( ! ,almighty w ,i n conceal4 ,behold1 all ye y\rselves h se5 x4#bdb ,:y !n d ye utt] su* empty ?+s8 ,,ccxxxii ,= !re is a m9e = silv]1 ,& a place = gold :]e !y f9e x2 ,iron is tak5 out ( ! du/1 ,& copp] is smolt5 out ( ! /one4 ,,ccxxxiii ,he t hov]s f> f man ha? made an end to gloom1#bdc ,he turne? ! m\nta9s upside d[n4 ,he cutte? out /ulms among ! rocks1 ,& ! ?+ t is hid he br+e? =? to light4 ,,ccxxxiv ,b wisdom--:5ce %all x come8 ,& :]e is ! place ( und]/&+8 ,x is hid f ! eyes ( all liv+1 ,our e>s alone h he>d !re(4#bdd ,,ccxxxv ,god und]/&e? its way1 ,& he kn[e? its dwell+-place2 ,= he looke? to ! ends ( ! e>?1 ,& see? "u ! entire heav54 ,,ccxxxvi ,:5 he made ! weight = ! w9ds1 ,& weigh$ ! wat]s by measure1 ,!n did he see & decl>e x1 ,he prep>$ x1 yea1 & se>*$ x out4 ,,ccxxxvii ,!n he said unto man1 ,desi/6 ,worry n ab\t ?+s too high = !e4 ,behold1 fe> ( me1 t is wisdom1 ,& to dep>t f evil1 t is und]/&+4 ,,ccxxxviii ,,zoph>3 ,may ! lot ( ! wick$ befall m9e enemy1 ,& t ( ! ungodly him :o rise? up aga9/ me6 ,= :at c be ! hope ( ! iniquit\s1 ,:5 ,god cutte? 8 s\l away8 ,,ccxxxix ,w ,god he> 8 cry1 ,:5 tr\ble ov]take? him8 ,w he delight himself 9 ! ,almighty8 ,w he always call ^u ,god8 ,,ccxl ,if 8 *ildr5 be multipli$1 x is = ! sword1 ,& 8 (fspr+ %all n be sat$ ) bread2 ,!y t survive him %all be buri$ 9 dea?1 ,& _! wid[s %all n weep4 ,,ccxli ,?\gh he heap up silv] z ! du/ ,& /ore up raim5t z ! clay1 ,he may inde$ prep>e x1 b ! j %all put x on1 ,& ! guiltless %all divide ! silv]4 ,,ccxlii ,he builde? 8 h\se z a spid]2 ,ri* %all he lie d[n1 b ri* he %all n rema94 ,t]rors take hold on him l wat]s2 ,a tempe/ sweepe? him away 9 ! night4 ,,ccxliii ,,job3 ,oh t ,i 7 z 9 mon?s gone by1 ,z 9 ! days :5 ,god pres]v$ me2 ,:5 8 lamp %9$ ^u my head1 ,& :5 ,i walk$ by 8 light ?r\gh d>kness6 ,,ccxliv ,= !n ,i mov$ 9 sun%9e1 ,:ile ,god 0 famili> ) my t5t2 ,:ile ,i wa%$ my /eps 9 cream1 ,& ! rock p\r$ me out riv]s ( oil4 ,,ccxlv ,:5 ,i w5t to ! gate at ! city1#bde ,:5 ,i prep>$ my seat on ! public place1 ,!n ! "y m51 see+ me1 hid !mselves1 ,& ! ag$ arose & rema9$ /&+4 ,,ccxlvi ,pr9ces desi/$ f talk+1 ,& laid _! h&s ^u _! m\?s2 ,= ! e> he>d me & bless$1 ,! eye saw me & bore me witness4 ,,ccxlvii ,= ,i deliv]$ ! poor t cri$ al\d1 ,& ! orphan & him t _h none to help him2 ,! bless+ ( him t 0 p]i%+ came ^u me1 ,& ,i gladd5$ ! he>t ( ! wid[4 ,,ccxlviii ,i put on righte\sness & x clo!d me2 ,my judgm5t 0 z a robe & a diadem4 ,i became eyes to ! bl9d1 ,& ,i 0 feet unto ! lame4 ,,ccxlix ,i 0 a fa!r to ! poor1 ,& ! cause :i* ,i knew n ,i se>*$ out2 ,& ,i brake ! gr9d]s ( ! wick$4 ,& pluck$ ! spoil out ( 8 tee?4 ,,ccl ,unto me m5 gave e> & wait$1 ,& kept sil5ce at my c\nsel4 ,aft] my words !y spake n aga91 ,& my spee* fell ^u !m z a %[]4 ,,ccli ,b n[ !y laugh me to scorn1 ,%eph]d boys approa* me ) insol5ce1 ,^: fa!rs ,i w\ld n h deign$ ,to set ) ! dogs ( my flock4 ,,cclii ,yea1 :at boot$ me ! /r5g? ( _! h&s8 ,pity ^u !m 0 ?r[n away4 ,!y 7 *ildr5 ( fools1 yea1 m5 ( no "n1 ,!y 7 driv5 =? f ! l&4 ,,ccliii ,& n[ ,i am become ! song ( ^!6 ,yea1 ,i am become _! byword6 ,!y loa! me1 !y flee f> f me1 ,& )hold n spittle f my face4 ,,ccliv ,= he ha? dissolv$ my dignity & humbl$ me1 ,& he ha? tak5 away my r5[n4 ,he ha? op5$ a way to my mis]ies2 ,!y ent] & no "o helpe? me4 ,,cclv ,) rumbl+ & boom+ !y b\nd$ along2 ,t]rors are turn$ ^u me2 ,?\ scatt]e/ my dignity1 z ) a w9d1 ,& my welf>e passe? z a cl\d4 ,,cclvi ,! night gnaws away my bones1 ,& my dev\r]s ne$ no repose2 ,by swell+s is my g>m5t mis%ap51 ,& ,i am gr[n l unto du/ & a%es4 ,,cclvii ,i cry & ?\ he>e/ me n1 ,?\ art become ru?less t[>ds me2 ,) ! /r5g? ( ?y h& ?\ assaile/ me1 ,& ?\ melte/ my salvation away4 ,,cclviii ,= ,i "k t ?\ wilt br+ me to dea?1 ,& to ! h\se appo9t$ = all liv+4 ,b %all n a dr[n+ man /ret* out 8 h&8 ,%all he n cry out 9 8 de/ruction8 ,,cclix ,did ,i n weep = him t 0 9 tr\ble8 ,0 n my s\l griev$ = ! ne$y8 ,i look$ = good & wait$ = light2 ,behold days ( sorr[+ are come ^u me4 ,,cclx ,i g m\rn+ )\t sun2 ,i /& up 9 ! assembly & cry al\d2 ,i am become a bro!r unto jackals1 ,& a comrade unto o/ri*es4 ,,cclxi ,my sk9 ha? gr[n black ^u me ,& my bones are scor*$ ) heat2 ,my h>p is turn$ to m\rn+1 ,& my bagpipe into ! wail ( ! weep+4#bdf ,,cclxii ,if ,i h walk$ ) m5 ( wick$ness1 ,or if my feet h ha/5$ to deceit1 ,let him weigh me 9 balances ( ju/ice1 ,t ,god may "k m9e integrity6 ,,cclxiii ,if my /eps h sw]v$ f ! way1 ,& m9e he>t foll[$ 9 ! wake ( m9e eyes1 ,let me n[ s[ & ano!r eat1 ,yea1 let my g>d5 be root$ out6 ,,cclxiv ,if m9e he>t h be5 deceiv$ by a woman1 ,or if ,i h la9 9 wait at my neighb\r's door1 ,!n let my wife turn ! mill unto ano!r ,& let o!rs b[ d[n ^u h]6 ,,cclxv ,= adult]y is a griev\s crime1 ,yea1 a crime to be puni%$ by ! judges3 ,x is a fire t consume? to utt] de/ruction1 ,& w\ld root out all m9e increase4 ,,cclxvi ,_h ,i despis$ ! "r ( my man-s]vant ,or ( my maids]vant1 :5 !y cont5d$ ) me1 ,:at c\ld ,i d1 :5 ,god rose up8 ,& :5 he visite?1 :at c\ld ,i answ] him8 ,,cclxvii ,= p]dition f ,god 0 a t]ror to me1 ,& = 8 highness' sake ,i c\ld n d su* ?+s4 ,did n he t made me 9 ! womb1 make him8#bdg ,& did he n fa%ion u 9 "o belly8 ,,cclxviii ,nev] h ,i )held ! poor f _! desire1 ,nor caus$ ! wid['s eyes to fail2 ,nor h ,i eat5 my morsel alone1 ,unless ! fa!rless _h p>tak5 !re(4 ,,cclxix ,if ,i saw "o p]i% = lack ( clo?+1 ,or any ( ! poor devoid ( cov]+2 ,!n surely did 8 lo9s bless me1 ,& he 0 w>m$ ) ! fleece ( my %eep4 ,,cclxx ,if ,i lift$ up my h& aga9/ ! fa!rless1 ,:5 ,i saw my back]s 9 ! gate1#bdh ,!n let my %\ld] fall f its sett+1 ,& m9e arm f its *annel bone6 ,,cclxxi ,i h nev] made gold my hope1 ,nor said to ! f9e gold3 ,?\ art my tru/2 ,nev] did ,i rejoice t my weal? 0 great1 ,& because m9e h& _h f\nd mu*4 ,,cclxxii ,nev] did ,i gaze ^u ! sun1 because x %one brightly1 ,nor ^u ! moon float+ 9 glory1 ,s t my he>t 0 secretly entic$1 ,& ,i waft$ kisses to !m1 putt+ my h& to my m\?4#bdi ,,cclxxiii ,nev] did ,i rejoice at ! ru9 ( my hat]1 ,nor exult :5 mis]y f\nd him out2 ,nei!r h ,i suff]$ my ?roat to s91 ,by wreak+ a curse ^u 8 s\l4 ,,cclxxiv ,nev] _h ! gue/s ( my t5t to say3 ,oh1 t we _h our fill ( 8 meat6 ,i suff]$ n ! /rang] to lodge out ( doors1 ,b ,i op5$ my gates to ! travell]4 ,,cclxxv ,i cov]$ n my fail+s aft] ! mann] ( m51 ,by lock+ m9e iniquity 9 my bosom1 ,z if ,i fe>$ ! va/ multitude1 ,or because ! scorn ( families#bej appall$ me4 ,,cclxxvi ,& ,i1 =soo?1 %\ld keep sil5ce1 %\ld n come =w>d6 ,oh1 t "o w\ld he> me6 ,"h is my signature2 let ! ,almighty answ] me1 ,& he> ! indictm5t :i* my adv]s>y ha? writt56#bea ,,cclxxvii ,surely ,i w\ld hoi/ x ^u my %\ld]1 ,& weave x z a cr[n unto myself2 ,i w\ld acc\nt to him = ! numb] ( my /eps2 ,z a pr9ce w\ld ,i draw ne> unto him4 ,,cclxxviii ,,jahveh3 ,:o is ?is t d>k5e? my c\nsel1 ,) words devoid ( k8 ,n[ gird up ?y lo9s l a man1 ,= ,i %all ask ( !e1 & d ?\ tea* me6 ,,cclxxix ,:5 ,i laid ! e>?'s f\ndation :]e wa/ ?\8 ,decl>e1 if ?\ ha/ und]/&+6 ,:o ha? laid ! measures !re(1 if ?\ kn[e/1 ,or :o ha? /ret*$ ! l9e ^u x8 ,,cclxxx ,:]e are its sockets sunk d[n1 ,or :o laid ! corn]-/one !re(8 ,:5 ! morn+ />s exult$ toge!r1 ,& all ! sons ( ,god %\t$ = joy4 ,,cclxxxi ,:o %ut 9 ! sea ) doors1 ,:5 x brake =? z issu+ f ! womb8 ,:5 ,i made ! cl\ds its g>m5t1 ,& ?ick d>kness = its swaddl+-b&4 ,,cclxxxii ,!n ,i brake up = x its appo9t$ place1 ,& set x b>s & portals1 ,& said3 ,hi!rto %alt ?\ come1 ,& "h %all ?y haughty waves be /ay$6 ,,cclxxxiii ,0 x at ?y prompt+ t ,i comm&$ ! morn+1 ,& caus$ ! dawn to "k its place8 ,t x might seize hold ( ! ends ( ! e>?1 ,t ! wick$ might be %ak5 out8#beb ,,cclxxxiv ,!n ! e>? *anges z clay "u ! seal1 ,& all ?+s appe> !re9 z an embroid]y2#bec ,b f ! wick$ is )hold5 _! hid+-place1 ,& ! rais$ arm %all be %att]$4 ,,cclxxxv ,ha/ ?\ ent]$ into ! spr+s ( ! sea8 ,or ha/ ?\ walk$ 9 se>* ( ! abysses8 ,h ! gates ( dea? be5 op5$ unto !e1 ,or ha/ ?\ se5 ! doors ( d>kness8 ,,cclxxxvi ,ha/ ?\ survey$ ! bread? ( ! e>?8 ,decl>e1 if ?\ kn[e/1 its measure6 ,?\ mu/ ne$s "k x1 = !n wa/ ?\ already born1 ,& great is ! numb] ( ?y days6 ,,cclxxxvii ,:i* way leade? to ! dwell+ ( light8 ,& ( d>kness1 :]e is ! abode8 ,t ?\ %\ld/ take x to its b\nds1 ,& t ?\ %\ld/ "k ! pa?s to its h\se8 ,,cclxxxviii ,ha/ ?\ ent]$ into ! gran>ies ( ! sn[1 ,or ha/ ?\ se5 ! ars5als ( ! hail1 ,:i* ,i h laid up = ! "t ( tr\ble1 ,aga9/ ! day ( battle & ( w>8 ,,cclxxxix ,by :at way is ! mi/ p>t$8 ,& ! ea/ w9d scatt]$ ^u ! e>?8 ,:o ha? divid$ its c\rse = ! ra9-/orm8 ,& its pa? = ! lightn+ ( ?und]8 ,,ccxc ,out ( ^: womb issu$ ! ice8 ,& :o g5d]$ ! ho>-fro/ ( heav58 ,! wat]s are z /one1 ,& ! face ( ! deep cond5s$ l clots toge!r4 ,,ccxci ,can/ ?\ b9d ! knots ( ! ,pleiads1 ,or loose ! fett]s ( ,orion8 ,can/ ?\ s5d lightn+s t !y may spe$1 ,& say unto !e3 ,"h we are8 ,,ccxcii ,:o 9 8 wisdom c numb] ! cl\ds1 ,or :o c p\r out ! bottles ( heav51 ,t ! du/ may ?ick5 into mire1 ,& ! clods cleave close toge!r8 ,,ccxcii ,can/ ?\ hunt its prey = ! lion1 ,or sate ! appetite ( ! "y lions1 ,:5 !y c\* 9 _! d5s1 ,& abide 9 ! cov]t to lie 9 wait8 ,,ccxciv ,:o provide? 8 food = ! rav51 ,:5 8 "y ones cry unto ,god8 ,x hov]e? ar\nd nor gr[e? we>y1 ,seek+ food = its ne/l+s4 ,,ccxcv ,can/ ?\ m>k :5 ! h9ds d calve8 ,can/ ?\ numb] ! mon?s :5 !y br+ =?8 ,!y ca/ out _! burd5s1 ,_! little ones gr[ up out ( doors4 ,,ccxcvi ,:o ha? s5t out ! wild ass free1 ,^: dwell+ ,i h made ! wild]ness1 ,:o scorne? ! noise ( ! city1 ,nor he$e? ! driv]'s cry8 ,,ccxcvii ,w ! wild ox be will+ to s]ve !e1 ,or abide by ?y grip8 ,wilt ?\ tru/ him because 8 /r5g? is great1 ,or wilt ?\ leave ?y lab\r to him8 ,,ccxcviii ,do/ ?\ be/[ might ^u ! horse8 ,do/ ?\ clo! 8 neck ) a wav+ mane8 ,do/ ?\ make him to b\nd l a locu/1 ,9 ! pride ( 8 t]rible snort8 ,,ccxcix ,he paws 9 ! vale & rejoices2 ,goes ) /r5g? to enc\nt] ! weapons2 ,he mocks at fe>1 & is n dismay$1 ,& recoile? n f ! sword4 ,,ccc ,! quiv] clangs ^u him1 ,! fla%+ lance & ! javel92 ,furi\sly b\nd+1 he swall[s ! gr\nd1 ,& _c be re9$ 9 at ! trumpet-bla/4 ,,ccci ,:5 ! cl>ion s\nde? he crie?1 ,aha6 ,& sniffs ! du/ rais$ by ! ho/s f af>2 ,he da%e? into ! ?ick ( ! fray1 ,into ! capta9s' %\t+ & ! ro> ( battle4 ,,cccii ,do? ! hawk fly by ?y wisdom1 ,& spread h] p9ions t[>ds ! s\?8 ,%e builds h] ne/ on high1 dwell+ on ! rock1 ,& abide? !re1 seek+ prey4 ,,ccciii ,w ! cavill] /ill cont5d ) ! ,almighty8 ,he t reproves ,god1 let him answ]6 ,wilt ?\ ev5 disannul my judgm5t8 ,wilt ?\ condemn me t ?\ may/ be 9 ! "r8 ,,ccciv ,if ?\ ha/ an arm l ,god1 ,if ?\ can/ ?und] ) a voice l 81 ,deck ?yself n[ ) maje/y & gr&eur ,& array ?yself 9 glory & spl5d\r6 ,,cccv ,scatt] abroad ! rage ( ?y wra?1 ,& hurl d[n all t is exalt$6 ,! haughty br+ l[ by a glance1 ,& trample d[n ! wick$ 9 _! place6 ,,cccvi ,hide !m toge!r 9 ! du/1 ,& b9d _! faces 9 secret6 ,!n w ,i1 too1 confess unto !e ,t ?9e own "r h& c save !e6 ,,cccvii ,,job3 ,behold ,i am vile1 :at %all ,i answ] !e8 ,i w lay m9e h& ^u my m\?4 ,once h ,i spok51 b ,i w d s no m1 ,yea1 twice1 b ,i w proce$ no fur!r4 ,,cccviii ,i "k t ?\ can/ d ev]y?+1 ,& t no?+ is beyond ?y rea*2 ,h5ce ,i say3 ,i h utt]$ t ,i und]/& n1 ,?+s too wond]ful = me1 :i* ,i "k n4 ,,cccix ,i h he>d ( !e by ! he>+ ( ! e>1 ,b n[ m9e eye ha? beheld !e2 ,!re=e ,i resign & console myself1 ,?\gh 9 du/ & a%es4 ,,epilogue ,,*ap4 ,,xlii4 ,a4,v4 #g ,& if 0 s1 t aft] ! ,"l _h spok5 ^! words unto ,job1 ! ,"l said to ,eliphaz ! ,temanite1 ,my wra? is k9dl$ aga9/ !e1 & aga9/ ?y two fri5ds3 = ye h n spok5 ( me ! ?+ t is "r1 z my s]vant ,job ha?4 #h ,!re=e take unto y n[ sev5 bullocks & sev5 rams1 & g to my s]vant ,job1 & (f] up = y\rselves a burnt (f]+2 & my s]vant ,job %all pray = y3 = him w ,i accept3 le/ ,i deal ) y aft] y\r folly1 9 t ye h n spok5 ( me ! ?+ :i* is "r1 l my s]vant ,job4 #i ,s ,eliphaz ! ,temanite & ,bildad ! ,%uhite & ,zoph> ! ,naama?ite w5t1 & did accord+ z ! ,"l comm&$ !m3 ! ,"l also accept$ ,job4 #aj ,& ! ,"l turn$ ! captivity ( ,job1 :5 he pray$ = 8 fri5ds3 also ! ,"l gave ,job twice z mu* z he _h be=e4 #aa ,!n came !re unto him all 8 bre?r51 & all 8 si/]s1 & all !y t _h be5 ( 8 acqua9tance be=e1 & did eat bread ) him 9 8 h\se3 & !y bemoan$ him1 & com=t$ him ov] all ! evil t ! ,"l _h br\ght ^u him3 e man also gave him a piece ( money1 & e "o an e>r+ ( gold4 #ab ,s ! ,"l bless$ ! latt] end ( ,job m ?an 8 beg9n+3 = he _h f\rte5 ?\s& %eep1 & six ?\s& camels1 & a ?\s& yoke ( ox51 & a ?\s& %e asses4 #ac ,he _h also sev5 sons & ?ree daught]s4 #ad ,& he call$ ! "n ( ! fir/1 ,jemima2 & ! "n ( ! second1 ,kezia2 & ! "n ( ! ?ird1 ,k]5happu*4 #ae ,& 9 all ! l& 7 no wom5 f\nd s fair z ! daught]s ( ,job3 & _! fa!r gave !m inh]itance among _! bre?r54 #af ,aft] ?is liv$ ,job an hundr$ & =ty ye>s1 & saw 8 sons1 & 8 sons' sons1 ev5 f\r g5]ations4 #ag ,s ,job di$1 be+ old & full ( days4 ,footnotes3 #aif ,i4e41 ! magicians by means ( incantations4 #aig ,allusion to ! ,satan's rem>k 9 ! ,prologue1 *ap4 i4 to3 ,ha/ n ?\ made an h$ge ab\t him1 & ab\t 8 h\se1 & ab\t all t he ha? on e side8 #aih ,! /rophe :i* foll[s 9 ,pr(4 ,bickell's text ,i consid] a lat] ins]tion1 & h !re=e /ruck x out4 ,x runs ?us3 ,! ro>+ ( ! lion1 & ! voice ( ! fi]ce lion1 ,& ! tee? ( ! "y lions are brok52 ,! old lion p]i%e? = lack ( prey1 ,& ! /\t lion's :elps are scatt]$ abroad4 #aii ,! prophetic vision :i* ,eliphaz n[ describes is reli$ ^u by him z ! sanction = 8 :ole disc\rse4 ,to 8 seem+1 x is a direct revelation f ,god4 #bjj ,! sons ( ,god1 sons ( ! ,elohim4 ,cf4 ,g5esis vi4 #d4 ,!re is no analogy betwe5 ^! sons ( ,god & ! angels or sa9ts ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,cf4 also ,pr(4 ,*eyne1 ,job & ,solomon1 p4 #ha3 ,baudiss91 ,/udi51 ,,ii4 #bja ,! human body is lik5$ to a t5t ( :i* ! t5t-pole is ! brea? ( life2 ?is gone1 all t rema9s is ! natural prey ( ! elem5ts4 #bjb ,calumny4 #bjc ,allusion to 8 suff]+s at night f elephantiasis4 ,?is t]rible malady1 :i* 0 fir/ describ$ by ,rhazes1 9 ! n9? c5tury1 "u ! "n d-l-fl 7disease ( ! elephant71 0 = a long "t errone\sly believ$ to be conf9$ to ,arabia4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 x is f\nd 9 an endemic /ate 9 all w>m c\ntries1 & sporadically ev5 9 ,europe4 ,9 tropical & sub-tropical l&s x progresses ) al>m+ rapidity4 ,e new crisis is prec$$ by a %iv]+ s5sation & viol5t fev]1 frequ5tly accompani$ ) heada*e1 delirium1 & n]v\s & ga/ric suff]+4 ,a viol5t attack ( ?is k9d may la/ sev5 or eight days4 ,! seat ( ! disease is g5]ally ! foot or ! reproductive organs4 ,9 ! =m] case ! foot swells to a mon/r\s size1 in/ep1 toes & heel & ankle all m]g+ 9 "o d5se mass t rem9ds "o ( ! foot ( an elephant4 #bjd ,job feels t dea? is nigh4 #bje ,allusion to an ocean my?4 ,a wat* _h to be set ^u ! movem5ts ( ! mon/]s ( ! sea & ! firmam5t4 #bjf ,! irony ( ^! words address$ by ,job to ,jehovah w\ld be deem$ blasphem\s 9 a poet l ,byron or ,%elley4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 !y con/itute a p>ody ( ,psalm viii4 #e4 z ,pr(4 ,*eyne has already po9t$ out 7,job & ,solomon74 #bjg ,! firmam5t1 be+ a solid mass1 has pa?s cut out along :i* ! />s move 9 _! c\rses1 j z !re are *annels made = ! cl\ds & ra94 #bjh ,?is entire spee* is ironical4 #bji ,allusion to a my?4 #baj ,9 ! light ( my own consci5ce ,i am n an evil-do]4 #baa ,ironical4 #bab ,lit41 ! man ( lips4 #bac ,wisdom4 #bad ,i4e41 ,god's wisdom enables him to disc]n ! deceit ( ^? :o appe> j1 & ! puni%m5t :i* he deals out to !m makes ! result ( 8 k visible to ! dulle/ compreh5sion4 #bae ,a "n = ,god4 #baf ,! curr5t v]sions ( ! ,bible make ,job say ! contr>y3 ,) ! anci5t is wisdom2 & 9 l5g? ( days und]/&+ 7,job xii4 #ab1 ,au?oris$ ,v]sion74 ,cf4 ante1 ,int]polations4 #bag ,i4e41 ,w ye p]si/ 9 ma9ta9+ t ,god rew>ds ! good & puni%es ! wick$ 7z ,zoph> has j done1 /rophe xcvii47 9 spite ( ! fact t ye "k x is untrue8 #bah ,i4e41 n on gr\nds obvi\s to all1 b because y\r own p>ticul> lot is satisfactory4 #bai ,comp>e ?is ) ! extraord9>y v]se 9 our ,au?oris$ ,v]sion3 ,?\ sette/ a pr9t ^u ! heels ( my feet6 7,job ii4 #bg74 #bbj ,?is is "o ( ! v few passages 9 ! ,poem :i* ?r[ light ^u ! date ( its composition4 #bba ,i4e41 ! object = :i* he b>t]$ righte\sness4 #bbb ,ho/ ( evils :i* has attack$ me f all sides4 #bbc ,ironical4 #bbd ,an allusion to ! promises made by ! fri5ds on ! "p ( ,god t ,job w\ld1 if he rep5t$ & ask$ = p>don1 recov] 8 =m] prosp]ity4 #bbe ,lit41 ! pieces ( 8 sk94 #bbf ,probably an allusion to elephantiasis4 #bbg ,! p]sonification ( dea?4 #bbh ,ei!r ! sons ( ! womb :i* has borne me1 z 9 iii4 #aj1 or else my own *ildr51 ! poet =gett+ t 9 ! prologue !y are describ$ z hav+ be5 kill$4 #bbi ,i4e41 :5 x is too late4 #bcj ,zoph> disc]ns p]fect moral ord] 9 ! _w4 #bca ,god4 #bcb ,i4e41 by man4 #bcc ,i4e41 be sil5t4 #bcd ,job's ideal ( a happy dea? 0 id5tical ) t ( ,julius ,caes>--! mo/ sudd5 & lea/ =ese54 #bce ,lit]ally1 84 #bcf ,i4e41 aft] 8 dea?4 #bcg ,i4e41 ,god4 #bch ,ironical4 #bci ,if !re be a ,god :o rules ! _w1 puni%es evil1 & rew>ds good1 h[ comes x t we descry no signs ( su* j retribution8 #bdj ,ab\t sev5 /rophes 9 ! same quasi-impi\s /ra91 *>act]is+ ! real reign ( ,jehovah ^u e>? z di/+ui%$ f ! optimi/ic del9eations ( ,job's fri5ds1 are lo/4 ,! v]ses t h tak5 _! place 9 our manuscripts are portions ( a diff]5t "w1 :i* has no relation :atev] to our poem4 ,!y are n ev5 9 ! same metre z ,job1 b conta9 /rophes ( ?ree l9es only4 #bda ,conjecture ( ,pr(essor ,bickell2 ^! two l9es are n f\nd 9 ! ,,mss4 #bdb ,i w judge ye out ( y\r own m\?s4 ,ye ma9ta9$1 all ( y1 t ! pr9ciples on :i* ! _w is gov]n$ are absolutely un9telligible4 ,h[ !n c ye reason z if ! moral ord] 7 bas$ ^u retribution1 & f my suff]+s inf] my s9s8 #bdc ,! m9] :o desc5ds into ! abyss ( ! e>?1 & c>ries a lamp4 #bdd ,wisdom is "h id5tifi$ ) ,god1 ( :om we "k no?+ & h only vaguely he>d f ^? :o knew less1 i4e41 =m] g5]ations1 = :om ,job has scant respect4 #bde ,to mete out ju/ice4 #bdf ,two /rophes are want+ "h1 9 :i* ,job presumably says t ?is great *ange ( =tune is n ! result ( 8 conduct4 ,! ,,lxx (f]s no?+ "h 9 lieu ( ! lo/ v]ses2 b ! ,massoretic text has ! /rophes :i* occur 9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion 7xxxi4 #a-d71 & :i* w\ld seem to h be5 sub/itut$ = ! orig9al v]ses4 ,! pres5t ,hebrew text is useless "h4 ,if ! f\r ,massoretic v]ses :i* x (f]s _h /ood 9 ! orig9al1 s important are !y t !y w\ld nev] h be5 omitt$ by ! ,greek translators1 :o evid5tly did n possess !m 9 _! texts4 ,!y rem9d "o to "s ext5t ( c]ta9 passages ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 & are manife/ly ( late orig94 #bdg ,i4e41 my s]vant4 #bdh ,! conc\rse ( p & p>tisans at ! gate :]e ju/ice 0 adm9i/]$4 #bdi ,i4e41 ,i nev] ador$ !m z gods4 #bej ,( ! nobles4 #bea ,?is is ! passage become fam\s 9 ! imag9>y =m3 ,t m9e adv]s>y _h writt5 a book6 7xxxi4 #ce74 #beb ,daylight is ho/ile to crim9als1 & ! mann] 9 :i* x op]ates is "h comp>$ to a toss+ ( !m (f ! outspread c>pet ( ! e>?4 #bec ,on a c>pet1 to :i* ! e>? is /ill comp>$4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,speak] ,,translation ,,( ,,! ,,re/or$ ,,text 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,speak] ,,"p ,i ,i4 ,,!sis3 ,vanity ( ! s-call$ ,absolute ,joys ( ,liv+4 ,i #a4bed ,! words ( ! ,speak]1 ! son ( ,david1 k+ 9 ,j]usalem4 #b4 ,vanity ( vanities1 sai? ! ,speak]1 vanity ( vanities3 all is vanity4 #c4 ,:at pr(it ha? man ( all 8 toil :]e) he we>ies himself "u ! sun8 #d4 ,"o g5]ation passe? away & ano!r come?2 ! e>? alone abide? = ev]4 #e4 ,! sun rise? & ! sun goe? d[n & pant+ ha/5e? back to 8 place :]e he rose4 #f4 ,! w9d sweepe? t[>ds ! s\? & ve]e? r\nd to ! nor?1 :irl+ ab\t ev]la/+ly2 & back to 8 circuits returne? ! w9d4 #g4 ,all riv]s fl[ into ! sea2 yet ! sea is n full2 :5ce ! riv]s take _! s\rce1 ?i!r !y return aga94 #h4 ,! all is 9 a nev]-ceas+ :irl1 ,no man c utt] x 9 words2 ,re/ is n v\*saf$ to ! eye f see+1 ,nor unto ! e> f he>+4#bee #i4 ,! ?+ t ha? be5 is ! same t %all be1 & :at befell is ! same t %all come to pass1 & !re is no new ?+ "u ! sun4 #aj4 ,if aught !re be :]e( "o w\ld say1 ,lo1 ?is is new6--x 0 er/:ile 9 ! et]nities t 7 be=e u4#bef #aa4 ,!re is no memory ( ^? t 72 nei!r %all !re be any remembrance ( !m t are to come1 among _! po/]ity4 #ab4 ,i1 ! ,speak]1 0 k+ ov] ,israel 9 ,j]usalem1 #ac4 & ,i set my he>t to seek out & probe ) wisdom all ?+s t are done "u heav54 #ad4 ,i survey$ all ! works t are wr\ght "u ! sun1 & behold all 0 vanity & ! grasp+ ( w9d4 #ae4 ,t :i* is crook$ _c be /raight1 ,nor c loss be reckon$ z ga94 #af;a4 ,i commun$ ) my he>t1 say+3 ,lo1 ,i h ga!r$ great & ev]-increas+ wisdom1 m ?an all t 7 be=e me 9 ,j]usalem4 #ag4 ,!n ,i set my he>t to le>n wisdom & und]/&+4 #af;b4 ,& my he>t disc]n$ mu* wisdom & k1 #ag4 madness & folly4 ,i realis$ t ?is also is b a grasp+ ( w9d4 #ah4 ,= ,9 mu* wisdom is mu* grief2 ,:o increase? k1 increase? sorr[4 ,,ii4#a4 ,i said 9 my he>t3 ,g to1 n[1 ,i w try mir? & ta/e pleasure6 ,b behold1 ?is too 0 vanity4 #b4 ,unto laught] ,i said3 ,x is mad4 ,unto mir?3 ,:at come? ( x8 ,,pro(s ,,( ,,! ,,vanity ,,( ,,possession ,,& ,,enjoym5t 7a7 ,because ,enjoym5t is ,m>r$ by ,possession ,,ii4 #c4 ,i ca/ ab\t me1 h[ ,i might conf] pleasure ^u my body--my reason cont9u+ to guide ) wisdom ! :ile--& h[ ,i might take to folly till ,i %\ld disc]n :at is good = ! sons ( m5 t !y %\ld d "u heav5 dur+ ! brief days ( _! exi/5ce4 #d4 ,i und]took huge works1 ,i build$ me h\ses1 cultivat$ v9ey>ds1 #e4 laid out g>d5s & or*>ds :]e9 ,i plant$ trees ) all k9ds ( fruits2 #f4 ,i dug out res]voirs ( wat] :]e) to wat] ! tree-be>+ wood4 #g4 ,i got me m5 slaves & female slaves & _h s]vants born 9 my h\se2 ,i likewise own$ horn$ & small cattle1 above all t 7 9 ,j]usalem be=e me4 #h4 ,i also pil$ up silv] & gold1 ! treasures ( k+s & prov9ces1 ,i got me m5 s+]s & wom5 s+]s1 & ! delight ( ! sons ( m51 wife & wives4 #i4 ,& ,i wax$ great & increas$ m ?an all t _h be5 be=e me 9 ,j]usalem2 also my wisdom abode ) me4 #aj4 ,& :at ?+ s ev] m9e eyes covet$1 ,i kept n f !m4 ,i )held n my he>t f any joy2 b my he>t took pleasure 9 all my lab\r1 = ?is only 0 my portion ( all my toil4 ,,ii4 ,!n ,i turn$ to all my works t my h&s _h wr\ght & to ! worry :]e) ,i _h we>i$ myself1 & behold1 all 0 vanity & a grasp+ ( w9d2 & !re is no pr(it "u ! sun4 ,v4#aj4 ,:oso love? silv] %all n h joy ( silv]2#beg ,& he :o sets 8 he>t on ri*es reaps n\ght !refrom4 ,?is too is vanity4 #aa4 ,:5 goods increase1 !y also are multipli$ t dev\r !m1 & :at pr(it ha? ! own] !re( save ! gaz+ !reon ) 8 eyes8 #ab4 ,sweet is ! sleep ( ! toil]2 b 8 weal? suff]$ n ! ri* man to slumb]4#beh 7b7 ,because ,possession is at be/ b ,fleet+ ,v4 #ac4 ,!re is a sore evil :i* ,i h witness$ "u ! sun2 ri*es ho>d$ up by ! own] !re( to 8 own undo+4#bei ,= su* an "o treasures !m1 sp5d+ !reby all 8 days 9 worry1 vexation1 grief1 & c>k+ c>e )\t gladd5+ 8 s\l2 #ad4 !n ! ri*es p]i% by evil mi%ap1 & if t man h begott5 a son1 !re is no?+ 9 8 h&4 #af;a4 ,b ?is likewise is a sore evil3 exactly z he came1 ev5 s %all he g2 #ae4 nak$1 z he issu$ f 8 "m's womb1 mu/ he dep>t aga91 nor = all 8 lab\r %all he c>ry away aught t might g ) him 9 8 h&4 #af;b4 ,:at pr(it ha? he !n = hav+ toil$ = ! w9d1 #ag4 & likewise pass$ all 8 days 9 d>kness1 m\rn+ & mu* grief1 suff]+ & wra?8 7c7 ,because ! ,capacity = ,pleasure is h$g$ r\nd ) ,conditions ,v4 #ah4 ,behold :at ,i h f\nd to be good & beautiful3 t a man eat1 dr9k & make m]ry amid all 8 lab\r :]eat he /rive? "u ! sun dur+ ! brief days ( 8 life :i* ,god ha? allott$ to him2 = su* is 8 portion4 #ai4 ,b t ,god %\ld enable e man on :om he has be/[$ ri*es & treasures1 to enjoy ^!1 & tak+ 8 %>e1 to h pleasure 9 8 lab\r1 ?is is itself a gift ( ,god4#bfj #bj4 ,= !n he %all n pond] ov]mu* on ! days ( 8 life1 s9ce ,god approve? ! joy ( 8 he>t4 ,,vi4 #a4 ,b !re is an evil :i* ,i h se5 "u ! sun1 & x weighs heavy ^u m53 #b4 t ,god be/[s ^u "o ri*es1 weal? & hon\r1 grudg+ him n\ght = :i* 8 s\l ye>ns1 yet p]mitte? him n to ta/e !re(1 b a /rang] enjoye? x4 ,?is is vanity & a sore evil4 #c4 ,if su* an "o %\ld beget ev5 a hundr$ sons & live _m ye>s1 b 8 s\l c\ld n revel 9 bliss !n ,i say1 an untimely bir? is bett] (f ?an he4 #d4 ,= x came into no?+ness1 & dep>t$ 9 gloom & its "n is %r\d$ 9 d>kness2 #c4 n ev5 a sepul*re fell to its lot2 #e4 moreov]1 x _h n gaz$ ^u1 nor kn[n ! sun2 ?is latt] ha? m re/ ?an ! =m]4 #f4 ,yea1 ?\gh "o liv$ a ?\s& ye>s twice told1 yet _h n ta/$ happ9ess1 mu/ n all w&] into "o place8#bfa #g4 ,all man's toil is = 8 m\?2 ,& yet ! s\l#bfb gets n its fill4 ,,iii4 #i4 ,:at pr(it ha? ! toil] f t :]eat he lab\rs8 #ab4 ,i p]ceiv$ t = him !re is no good o!r ?an to eat1 dr9k1 & make m]ry 9 8 life2 #ac4 b ev5 ?is same t any "o may eat1 dr9k1 & enjoy himself dur+ all 8 toil1 is = him a gift ( ,god4#bfc ,,pro(s ,,( ,,! ,,vanity ,,( ,,k 7a7 ,because ( its ,limitation ,,iii4 #aj4 ,i consid]$ ! work+ ( ! _w :i* ,god gave unto man z a subject ( m$itation4 #aa4 ,unto _! p]ception he made ov] ! univ]se & likewise all et]nity2 yet s t !y are unable to disc]n ! "w t he worke? f ! beg9n+ unto ! end4#bfd 7#f7 ,f its ,depress+ ,effects z ,appli$ to ! ,ord] ( ! ,_w ,,iii4 #ad4 ,i discov]$ t :atev] ,god doe? is = ev]2 no?+ c be sup]add$ to x1 nei!r c aught be tak5 away2 & ,god ha? s contriv$ x t man mu/ fe> him4 #ae4 ,:at came into be+ _h be5 already long be=e1 & :at w be 0 long ago2 & ,god quick5e? ! pa/4 7c7 ,because ( its ,depress+ ,effects z ,appli$ to ,human ,life & ,conduct ,,iii4 #af4 ,moreov]1 ,i saw1 "u ! sun1 9 ! place ( equity iniquity1 & 9 lieu ( ju/ice crime4 #ah4 ,i said 9 m9e he>t3 ,x is = m5's sake t ,god %\ld try !m & %[ t !y are bea/s1 !y unto !mselves4 #ai4 ,= m5 are an accid5t1 & ! bea/s are an accid5t1 & ! same accid5t befalle? !m all3 z ^! die ev5 s die ^?1 & ! selfsame brea? h !y all1 nor is !re any pre-em95ce ( man above bea/2#bfe = all is no?+ness4 #bj4 ,all drift into "o place2 all sprang f ! du/1 & all turn to du/ aga94 #ba4 ,:o kn[e? :e!r ! brea? ( man rise? upw>ds or :e!r ! brea? ( ! bea/ s9ke? d[nw>ds to ! e>?8 #bb4 ,& ,i p]ceiv$ t o!r good !re is none1 save only t man %\ld enjoy himself 9 8 "w2 = t is 8 portion4 ,= :o c %[ him :at %all become ( him aft] 8 dea?8 ,,iv4 ,i4 ,& aga9 ,i saw all ! oppressive de$s t are wr\ght "u ! sun2 & behold ! d[ntrodd5 weep1 & none com=te? !m2 & !y endure viol5ce f _! tyrants1 & none console? !m4 #b4 ,!n ,i apprais$ ! dead :o di$ long s9ce1 z happi] ?an ! quick :o are yet alive2 #c4 b lucki] ?an bo?1 him :o is /ill unborn1 :o ha? n yet witness$ ! evil do+s "u ! sun4 #d4 ,& ,i saw t all /riv+ & all pa9/ak+ 9 ! work+ ( m5 is b ! jeal\sy ( "o ) ano!r2 ?is too is vanity & ! grasp+ ( w9d4 #e4 ,true1 ,! fool folde? 8 h&s1 ,& eate? up 8 own fle%4 #f4 ,& yet bett] is a h&ful ( quietness ?an bo? fi/s fill$ ) drudg]y & ! grasp+ ( w9d4 #g4 ,& aga9 ,i beheld a va9 ?+ "u ! sun3 #h4 "o :o toile? re/lessly )\t enjoy+ 8 ri*es4 ,= :om d ,i we> myself out & b]eave my s\l ( pleasure8 ,?is too is vanity & irksome drudg]y4 ,,ii4 #ab4 ,= :at mann] ( man w he be :o %all come aft] me8 #ah4 ,!n ,i loa!d all my toil1 :]e) ,i _h we>i$ myself "u ! sun1 9 ord] t ,i %\ld leave x to "o :o %all come aft] me4 #ai4 ,& :o kn[e? :e!r he be a wise man or a fool8 ,yet %all he h sway ov] all ! fruits ( my lab\r :i* ,i h ga9$ by toil & wisdom "u ! sun2 ?is likewise is vanity4 #bj4 ,& ,i turn$ away to let my he>t ab&on itself to despair because ( ! pa9s :]e) ,i lab\r$ "u ! sun4 #ba4 ,= "h is a man :o ha? p]=m$ 8 "w ) wisdom1 k & pa9/ak+1 & to "o :o ha? n lab\r$ !reat he mu/ leave x1 z 8 portion4 ,?is also is vanity & a sore evil4 #bb4 ,= :at ha? man ( all 8 /riv+ & ( ! worry ( 8 he>t :]e) he lab\rs "u ! sun8 #bc4 ,= all 8 days are sorr[s & 8 "w grief2 yea1 ev5 at night 8 he>t take? no re/2 ?is too is vanity4 #bd4 ,!re is no good = man1 save t he %\ld eat & dr9k & make glad 8 s\l 9 8 lab\r4 ,yet ,i saw t ev5 ?is lie? 9 ! h& ( ,god4#bff #be4 ,= :o c eat & :o c enjoy except ?r\gh him8 #bf4 ,= on ! man :o f9de? fav\r 9 8 sight he be/[e? wisdom1 k1 & joy2 b to him :o is n pleas+ 9 8 sight#bfg he give? drudg]y1 to ga!r & to heap up 9 ord] to make x ov] to him 9 :om he is well pleas$4 ,?is also is vanity & a grasp+ ( w9d4 ,,pro(s ,,( ,,! ,,vanity ,,( ,,wisdom ,,9 ,,its ,,religi\s ,,& ,,moral ,,aspects#bfh 7a7 ,because 9 ! ,*ances ( ,life & ,dea? ! ,j are ,n[ise ,fav\r$ ,,ii4 #ab;a4 ,!n ,i turn$ to behold wisdom1 madness & folly1 #ac4 & ,i saw t wisdom excelle? folly z mu* z light surpasse? d>kness3 #ad4 ,! wise man ha? eyes 9 8 head2 ,b ! fool walke? 9 obscurity4 ,b ,i p]ceiv$ t ! same fate ov]take? !m all4 #ae4 ,!n ,i said 9 m9e he>t3 ,z x happ5e? to ! fool1 s %all x happ5 also unto me2 & :y !n h ,i be5 s v wise8 ,:]eupon ,i said 9 my he>t t ?is too is vanity4 #af4 ,= !re is no m remembrance ( ! wise man ?an ( ! fool = ev]2 because 9 ! days to come all %all h be5 long s9ce =gott51 & h[ ! wise man p]i%e? l ! fool6 #ag4 ,!n ,i loa!d life2 because ! turmoil "u ! sun weigh$ ^u me z a calamity1 = all is vanity & a grasp+ ( w9d4 ,,iii4 #a4 ,to ev]y?+ !re is a season & ea* ?+ "u heav5 ha? its h\r4#bfi #b4 ,!re is a "t to be born & a "t to die2 a "t to plant & a "t to pluck up t :i* is plant$2 #c4 a "t to kill & a "t to heal2 a "t to break d[n & a "t to build up2 #d4 a "t to weep & a "t to laugh2 a "t to m\rn & a "t to dance2 #e4 a "t to ca/ away /ones & a "t to ga!r /ones toge!r2 a "t to embrace & a "t to refra9 f embrac+2 #f4 a "t to seek & a "t to ?r[ away2 a "t to keep & a "t to de/roy2 #g4 a "t to r5d & a "t to repair2 a "t to be sil5t & a "t to speak2 #h4 a "t to love & a "t to hate2 a "t ( w> & a "t ( peace4 ,,viii4 #f4 ,= e ?+ ha? its season & its de/9y1#bgj = ! bane ( man presses heavily ^u him4 #g4 ,because he kn[e? n :at %all be2 = :o c tell him h[ x w come to pass8 #h4 ,no man swaye? ! /orm-w9d1 ,none controlle? ! day ( 8 dea?2 ,!re is no dis*>ge 9 w>1 ,nor c ri*es rescue _! possessor4 7b7 ,because ! ,j are v (t5 ,treat$ worse ?an ! ,wick$ ,,viii4 #i4 ,all ?is h ,i se51 & ,i h appli$ my he>t unto e ev5t t happ5s "u ! sun1 at ! "t :5 "o man rule? ov] ano!r to 8 undo+4 #aj4 ,& s ,i beheld ! evil-do] hon\r$1 ev5 9 ! holy place1 :ile !y :o _h done uprightly mu/ g away & 7 =gott5 9 ! city4 ,?is also is vanity4 #aa4 ,because s5t5ce aga9/ misde$s is n execut$ =?)1 !re=e ! he>t ( ! sons ( man is fully set to "w evil4 #ab4 ,= ,i "k t _m a miscreant ha? committ$ bad de$s = a protract$ "t pa/1 & yet lives long1 #ac4 :ile ! ,god-fe>+ prolonge? n 8 %ad[-l days4 #ad4 ,!re is a vanity :i* is done ^u e>?3 to righte\s m5 t happ5e? :i* %\ld befall wrong-do]s2 & t betide? crim9als :i* %\ld fall to ! lot ( ! upright4 ,i said3 ,?is too is va94 #af;a4 ,:5 ,i appli$ my he>t to "k wisdom & to consid] ! go+s on ^u e>?1 #ag;a4 !n ,i p]ceiv$ t no man c f9d out ! :ole "w ( ,god t is c>ri$ on b5ea? ! sun4#bga ,h[ mu* soev] he may lab\r 9 seek+1 he w n discov] x2 #af;b4 ev5 ?\gh by day & by night he %\ld keep 8 eyes f see+ sleep2 #ag;b4 yea1 ?\gh a wise man set himself to fa?om x1 yet %all he n f9d x out4#bgb ,,ix4 #a4 ,= all ?is ,i laid to he>t1 & my he>t beheld x all2 t ! righte\s & ! wise & _! do+s are 9 ! h& ( ,god2 nei!r love nor hatr$ do? a man "k 9 advance2#bgc ev]y?+ lies be=e him4 #b4 ,all ?+s come alike to all indiscrim9ately2#bgd ! "o fate ov]take? ! upright man & ! miscreant1 ! clean & ! unclean1 him :o sacrifices & him :o sacrifices n1 ! j & ! s9n]1 him :o swe>s z him :o dreads an oa?4 #c4 ,?is is an evil among/ all ?+s t are done "u ! sun1 t "o *ance betide? all2 !re=e ! sons ( m5 pluck up c\rage = evil1 & madness abide? 9 _! he>t4 ,,viii4 #ae4 ,!n ,i comm5d$ mir?1 because = man !re is no good "u ! sun save only to eat1 dr9k1 & make m]ry1 & t abide? ) him 9 8 toil dur+ ! days ( 8 life :i* ,god ha? giv5 him "u ! sun4 ,,pro(s ,,( ,,! ,,vanity ,,( ,,wisdom ,,9 ,,its ,,aspect ,,z ,,prud5ce ,,& ,,practical ,,aptitude 7a7 ,because ,success is ,cont+5t ^u ,circum/ances beyond ! ,control ( ,man ,,ix4 #aa4 ,aga9 ,i saw "u ! sun t ! race is n to ! swift1 nor ! battle to ! /rong1 nor bread to ! wise1 nor ri*es to m5 ( und]/&+1 nor fav\r to m5 ( skill2 b "t & *ance ov]take !m all4 #ab4 ,= man kn[e? n ev5 8 own "t2 l ! fi%es t are tak5 9 ! evil net1 & l ! birds t are caught 9 ! sn>e1 s are ! sons ( m5 entrapp$ 9 ! season ( mis=tune1 :5 x breaks 9 ^u !m unaw>es4#bge 7b7 ,because ( ! ,difficulty ( obta9+ recognition = x1 & ( ! ,ease ) :i* x may be ,?w>t$ by ,folly ,,ix4 #ac4 ,?is also h ,i se5 "u ! sun1 z wisdom1 & x appe>$ great unto me4 #ad4 ,!re 0 a little city & few soldi]s !re91 & !re came a mighty k+ aga9/ x1 & besieg$ x1 & built great bulw>ks aga9/ x4 #ae4 ,n[ he f\nd 9 x a poor wise man :o1 by 8 wisdom1 deliv]$ ! city2 b no "o rememb]$ ?is poor man aft]w>ds4 #af4 ,!reupon ,i said3 ,wisdom is bett] ?an /r5g?2 ,yet ! poor man's wisdom is despis$4 #ag4 ,! words ( ! wise are g5tly utt]$2 ,b ! clam\r ( fools is deaf5+4#bgf #ah4 ,wisdom is bett] ?an w> weapons2 ,yet a s+le ov]sight br+e? ru94 ,x4 #a4 ,a dead fly causes balsam to putrefy2 ,s a little folly de/roys mu* happ9ess4 ,,vi4 #h4 ,= :at ha? ! wise m ?an ! fool8 ,:at1 ! poor :o kn[e? h[ to walk be=e ! liv+8 #aj4 ,t :i* is happ5+ 0 long ago nam$1 & x is kn[n be=eh& :at a man %all be2 nei!r c he jo9 issue ) him :o is mighti] ?an he4 #aa4 ,= !re is mu* prattle t only augm5te? vanity4 ,( :at avail is x to man8 #ab4 ,= :o kn[e? :at is helpful to man 9 life dur+ ! brief va9 days ( 8 exi/5ce :i* he sp5de? z a %ad[8 ,= :o c tell a man :at %all come to pass aft] him "u ! sun8 ,,"p ,,ii ,,recomm5dation ,,( ,,! ,,relative ,,good2 ,,& ,,9 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,place ,,( ,,wisdom1 ,,z ,,r5unciation 7a7 ,( ,claims to ,happ9ess ,,vii4#a;a4 ,bett] is a good "n ?an *oice ungu5ts1 ,x4#a4 ,b bett] wisdom ?an glory2 ,bett] n be+ ?an exi/5ce1#bgg ,,vii4#a;b4 ,& ! dea?-day ?an ! bir?day4 #b4 ,bett] to ent] ! h\se ( m\rn+ ,?an to g into ! tav]n2 ,because !re is ! end ( e man1 ,& he :o survives w lay x to he>t4 #c4 ,bett] is sorr[ ?an laught]2 ,= a *e]less face makes a bli!some he>t4 #d4 ,! he>t ( ! wise is 9 ! m\rn+-h\se2 ,! he>t ( fools 9 ! h\se ( mir?4 #e4 ,bett] to he>k5 to ! rebuke ( ! wise1 ,?an to li/5 to ! song ( ! fooli%4 #f4 ,z ! crackl+ ( ?orns "u a pot1#bgh ,is ! inane laught] ( ! fool4 ,,vi4#i4 ,bett] look ) ! eyes ?an w&] ) desire2 ,?is too is vanity & a grasp+ ( w9d4 ,,vii4#g4 ,= extortion make? ! wise man fooli%1 ,& brib]y robs und]/&+4 #h4 ,bett] ! end ( a ?+ ?an ! beg9n+ !re(2 ,bett] is pati5ce ?an haught9ess4 #i4 ,let n ?y _s be hurri$ into ang]1 ,= ang] lurke? 9 ! bosom ( fools4 #aj4 ,say n3 ,:y 7 old times bett] ?an ^!8 ,= x is n f wisdom t ?\ aske/ ?us4 #ac4 ,contemplate ! "w ( ,god6 ,:o c /raight5 :at he ha? made crook$8 #ad4 ,9 ! day ( prosp]ity be ( good *e]1 & 9 ! evil day be?9k !e3 ! latt] ,god ha? made ev5 z ! =m]1 to ! end t man at 8 dea? %all h left no?+ unaccompli%$4 7b7 ,z ,r5unciation ( ,reputation = ,p]fect ,ju/ice & ,wisdom ,,vii4 #ae4 ,all ?+s h ,i witness$ 9 my va9 days2 !re are j m5 :o p]i% ?r\gh _! righte\sness1 & !re are wick$ m5 :o prolong _! lives by means ( _! iniquity4#bgi #af4 ,be n righte\s ov]mu*1 nei!r make ?yself ov]wise2 :y w\ld/ ?\ ru9 ?yself8 #ag4 ,d n all[ ?yself too mu* lib]ty1 & be n a fool3 :y w\ld/ ?\ die be=e ?y "t8 #ah4 ,x is well t ?\ %\ld/ hold fa/ to ! "o & also n )draw ?y h& f ! o!r1 = he :o fe>e? ,god compasse? all ?is4 #ai4 ,wisdom is a /rong] gu>d = ! wise man ?an t5 mighty m5 :o are 9 ! city4 #aa4 ,wisdom is good ) an inh]itance1 ,yea1 bett] yet1 to !m t see ! sun2#bhj #ab4 ,= wisdom & weal? af=d %ade1 ,& wisdom1 besides1 keeps its possessors alive4 7c7 ,z ,r5unciation ( ,"o's ,claims to ! ,respect & ,consid]ation ( ,o!rs ,,vii4 #ba4 ,likewise1 take n all ! gossip ( p to he>t1 le/ ?\ he> t ?y fri5d ha? revil$ !e6 #bb4 ,= ?y he>t is consci\s t ?\ ?yself ha/ (t5-times made little ( o!rs4 #bj4 ,=3 ,!re is no j man ^u ! e>? ,:o worke? good & nev] faile?4 7d7 ,( ,"o's ,claims to ,act ,indep5d5tly ( _! ,c\nsel & ,aid ,,iv4 #i4 ,two are bett] (f ?an "o2 #aj4 = %\ld "o ( !m fall1 ! o!r lifts him up aga94 ,woe to him t is alone1 if he fall1 & !re be n ano!r to raise him up4 #aa4 ,likewise1 if two lie d[n toge!r1 !y become w>m2 b h[ c "o gr[ w>m alone8 #ab4 ,moreov]1 if a man w\ld ov]p[] ! s+le "o1 two c keep him at bay1 & a ?reefold cord w n easily give way4 #ac4 ,bett] is ! y\?1 ne$y & wise1 ?an ! k+ old & fooli%1 :o c no long] take a w>n+ to he>t4 #ad4 ,= ! =m] w5t =? f prison to gov]n1 ?\gh born poor 9 ! realm ( ! k+4 #ae4 ,i saw all ! liv+ :o walk "u ! sun1 9 att5dance on ! y\? :o 0 to take 8 place4 #af4 ,!re 0 no end to ! multitude4444#bha :o 7 be=e !m2 nor did ^? :o liv$ aft]w>ds glory 9 him4 ,= ?is likewise is vanity & a grasp+ ( w9d4 ,,recomm5dation ,,( ,,wisdom ,,z ,,rational ,,piety#bhb ,a ,w>n+3 7a7 ,aga9/ ,outw>d & ,sacrificial ,wor%ip ,v4 #a4 ,keep ?y foot :5 ?\ goe/ to ! h\se ( ,god6 ,& to draw ne> him1 9 ord] to obey1 is bett] ?an ! (f]+ ( sacrifices by fools3 = !y "k n4444#bhc to "w evil4 7b7 ,aga9/ ,me*anical ,pray] ,v4 #b4 ,be n ra% ) ?y m\?1 nor let ?y he>t be ha/y to utt] words be=e ,god6 ,= ,god is 9 heav51 & ?\ art ^u e>?2 !re=e let ?y words be few6 #c4 ,= ,dreams proce$ f mu* brood+1 ,& ! prattle ( fools f a multitude ( words4 7c7 ,aga9/ ,ra% ,v[s ,v4 #d4 ,if ?\ make/ a v[ unto ,god1 fail n to fulfil x1 = fools are displeas+4 ,c>ry out t :i* ?\ ha/ promis$4 #e4 ,x is bett] ?\ %\ld/ n v[ at all ?an v[ & n p]=m4 #f4 ,suff] n ?y m\? to r5d] ?y body puni%able1 nei!r utt] ?\ ! plea be=e ! mess5g]3#bhd x 0 ra%ness4 ,:y cause ,god to be wro? at ?y voice & de/roy ! "w ( ?y h&s8 7d7 ,aga9/ ,arbitr>y ,religi\s ,speculations ,v4 #g4444bhe ,= 9 ! multitude ( fancies & prattle !re likewise lurke? mu* vanity4 ,r fe> ?\ ,god6 ,,recomm5dation ,,( ,,wisdom ,,z ,,activity 7a7 ,9 ,public ,life ,v4 #h4 ,:5 ?\ witnesse/ oppression ( ! poor & ! sw]v+ f "r & equity 9 ! l&1 m>vel n !reat4 ,= a high] "o wat*e? ov] ! high1 & /ill high] ones ov] bo?4#bhf #i4 ,b a ga9 to ! c\ntry is only a k+--= till$ l&4 ,x4#af4 ,wo1 l&1 to !e ^: k+ is a *ild1 ,& ^: pr9ces fea/ 9 ! e>ly morn+6 #ag4 ,hail to !e1 l&1 ^: k+ is noble1 ,& ^: pr9ces eat 9 due season6 #ah4 ,?r\gh slo? ! raft]s give way2 ,?r\gh idl5ess ! ro( lets 9 ! ra94 #ai4 ,!y misuse food & dr9k = fea/+3 ,& gold putte? all ?+s 9 _! grasp4 #bj4 ,ev5 9 ?y privacy curse n ! k+1 ,nor 9 ?y b$-*amb] ! weal?y2 ,! birds ( heav5 might divulge x1 ,& ! fea!r$ ones might report ! ^w4 7b7 ,9 ,private ,life ,,xi4 #a4 ,s5d =? ?y bread ov] ! surface ( ! wat]s1 = aft] _m days ?\ %all f9d x aga94 #b4 ,divide ?y possessions into sev51 yea1 into eight portions6 ,= ?\ kn[e/ n :at evil may befall ! l&4 #c4 ,if ! cl\ds fill !mselves ) ra91 !y dis*>ge x ^u ! e>?2 & :e!r ! tree falle? t[>ds ! s\? or t[>ds ! nor?1 9 ! place :]e x falle?1 !re %all x abide4 #f4 ,9 ! morn+ s[ ?y se$1 ,& until ev5+ let n ?y h& repose4#bhg ,= ?\ kn[e/ n :i* "o %all ?rive1 ?is or t1 or :e!r !y %all bo? prosp] alike4 #d4 ,he t obs]ve? ! w9d %all n s[2 ,he t wat*e? ! cl\ds %all n reap4 #e4 ,z ?\ kn[e/ n ! way ( ! w9d1 nor ! gr[? ( ! bones 9 ! womb ( ! "m1 ev5 s1 ?\ can/ n fa?om ! "w ( ,god :o compasse? ev]y?+4 ,,recomm5dation ,,( ,,wisdom ,,z ,,circumspection 7a7 ,9 our ,deal+s ) ,wom5 ,,vii4 #bc4 ,all ?is h ,i tri$ ) und]/&+2 ,i 0 m9d$ to acquire wisdom1 b x rema9$ f> f me4 #bd4 ,f> (f is t :i* is1#bhh & deep1 deep2 :o c fa?om x8 #be4 ,i turn$ away1 & my he>t 0 b5t ^u und]/&+1 sift+1 & seek+ ! outgr[? ( wisdom & k1 madness1 & folly4 #bf4 ,:]eupon ,i f\nd t m bitt] ?an dea? is woman--t sn>e ^: he>t is a net1 ^: arms are fett]s3 ! ,god-fav\r$ %all escape h]1 b ! s9n] %all be entangl$ by h]4 #bg4 ,lo1 ?is h ,i f\nd1 sai? ! ,speak]1 piec+ "o ?+ ) ano!r 9 ord] to discov] a result3 #bh4 ,:at my s\l ha? ev] s\ght =1 yet nev] fall5 ^u1 is ?is3 ,i h discov]$ "o man1 among ?\s&s2 & ( all ^! !re 0 n "o s+le woman4 #bi4 ,behold1 ?is only h ,i f\nd3 t ,god made m5 upright1 b !y g 9 se>* ( _m wiles4 7b7 ,9 our ,relations to ! ,mon>* ,,viii4#a4 ,a man's wisdom bright5s up 8 c\nt5ance4 ,& trans=ms ! co>se ranc\r ( 8 face4 #b4 ,! wise man he>k5s to ! k+'s comm&1 ,by reason ( ! oa? to ,god4 #c4 ,/e] cle> ( evil causes6#bhi ,= he#bij doe? ev5 :at he li/e?4 #d4 ,mighty is ! ^w ( ! mon>*2 ,:o d>es ask him3 ,:at do/ ?\8#bia ,x4#b4 ,! wise man's he>t /ra9e? to ! "r1 ,! he>t ( ! fool to ! left4 #c4 ,ev5 out ( doors he lacke? s5se1 ,say+ unto e "o3 ,i am a fool4#bib #d4 ,?\gh ! wra? ( ! rul] %\ld swell aga9/ !e1 yet =sake n ?y po/4 ,= composure avoids grave mi/akes4 #e4 ,!re is an evil :i* ,i beheld "u ! sun1 l unto a blund]1 proce$+ f ! rul]6 #f4 ,folly is set 9 high places1 ,! great ones mu/ sit l[ d[n2 #g4 ,slaves h ,i beheld on horseback1 ,& pr9ces trudg+ on foot4 7c7 ,9 ! ,conditions ( ,ev]yday ,life ,x4 #h4 ,he t digge? a pit may fall into x2 him :o breake? d[n walls a s]p5t may /+4 #i4 ,:oso remove? /ones may be hurt !re)2 he :o cleave? wood may be endang]$ !reby4 #aj4 ,if ! axe be blunt x dem&s m /r5g?3#bic ,only ?r\gh intellig5ce do? ex]tion avail4 #aa4 ,if ! s]p5t bites be=e ! spell1 ,!n bootless is ! *>m]'s art4 #ab4 ,spee* f ! wise man's m\? is grace1 ,! lips ( a fool swall[ him up2 #ac4 ,! fir/ words ( 8 m\? are folly4 ,& ! end ( 8 talk rank madness4 ,,ii4#ae4 ,= 9 self-conceit babbles ! fool1#bid ,x4#ad;a4 ,! silly man multiplie? 8 words2 #ae4 ,! fuss9ess ( ! fool jade? him4 ,:o kn[s n yet ! way cityw>ds4#bie ,exhortation to enjoy ,life ,x4 #ad;b4 ,man kn[e? n :at %all come to pass1 & :o c tell him ,,ix4 #c4 dur+ 8 life1 :at %all befall aft] 8 dea?8 ,aft]w>ds !y g d[n to !#bif dead1 & !re none c tell him aught nor c he appreh5d any?+4 ,ev5 c\ld he take x 91 x w\ld avail him no?+1 = 9 ,%eol !re is no p>ticipation 9 life4 #d4 ,= :osoev] may enrol himself 9 ! company ( all ! liv+1 c re/ cont5t1 see+ t a liv+ dog is bett] ?an a dead lion4 #e4 ,= ! liv+ "k at lea/ t !y %all die1 :]eas ! dead "k n any?+ at all1 nei!r h !y any m a rew>d1 = ! memory ( !m is =gott54 #f4 ,z well _! love z _! hatr$ & jeal\sy has long s9ce pass$ away1 nei!r h !y any m a portion = ev] 9 any?+ t is done "u ! sun4 #g4 ,g1 eat ?y bread ) joy1 ,& quaff ?y w9e ) m]ry he>t4 ,= ,god ha? c\nt5anc$ be=eh& ?is ?y do+4 #h4 ,let ?y g>m5ts be always :ite & let ?y head lack n o9tm5t4 #i4 ,see life ) a woman :om ?\ love/ ?r\gh\t all ! days ( ?y empty exi/5ce :i* he ha? giv5 !e "u ! sun1 dur+ all ?y va9 days6 ,= t is ?y portion 9 life#big & 9 ?y lab\r :i* ?\ take/ "u ! sun4 #aj4 ,:atsoev] ?y h& f9de? to d1 d t ) ?y might4 ,= !re is no "w1 nor cogitation1 nor k1 nor wisdom 9 ! ,%eol#bih :i!r ?\ goe/4 ,,xi4 #g4 ,b sweet is ! light & pleasant x is = ! eyes to gaze ^u ! sun4 #h4 ,= h[ _m ye>s soev] a man may live1 he %\ld enjoy himself dur+ !m all1 & be> 9 m9d ! days ( d>kness t !y %all be _m4 ,ev]y?+ t is to come1 is va94 #i4 ,rejoice1 "y man1 9 ?y y\?6#bii ,& let ?y he>t make !e glad6 ,& walk 9 ! ways ( ?9e he>t1 ,& accord+ to ! see+ ( ?9e eyes6 #aj;a4 ,drive sorr[ f ?y he>t2 ,& put away c>e f ?y fle%6 ,,xii4#a;a4 ,& be?9k !e ( ?y f\nta91#cjj ,9 ! days ( ?y y\?6 ,,xi4 #aj;b4 ,= y\? & dawn are fleet+4 ,,xii4#a;b4 ,dre>y days are draw+ ne>1 ,& ye>s approa* devoid ( joy4 #b4 ,!n d>k5$ %all be sun & moon1 ,& cl\ds come aft] ra9 alway4 #c4 ,! keep]s ( ! h\se#cja %all quake1 ,! /urdy ones#cjb %all b5d !mselves2 ,d>ksome %all ! w9d[s#cjc be1 #d4 ,& clos$ %all be ! portals4#cjd ,! ro> ( ! mill#cje %all be z ! sp>r[s twitt]1 ,! daught]s ( song#cjf %all b[ l[2 #e4 ,likewise ( heights %all !y be afraid1 ,= dread %all lie 9 wait4 #c4 ,! gr9d+ maids#cjg %all leave (f "w1 #e4 ,! almond-tree#cjh %all %$ its blooms2 ,! gras%opp]#cji %all be burd5$1 ,& ! cap]b]ry#caj unavail+4 ,= man goe? to 8 ev]la/+ home & ! m\rn]s are 9 read9ess 9 ! /reet4 #f4 ,asund] snaps ! silv] *a92 ,%iv]$ is ! gold5 lamp2 ,! pit*] %att]$ at ! brook2 ,! scoop:eel falls into ! well4 #h4 ,o ,vanity ( ,vanities1 sai? ! ,speak]2 all is vanity6#caa ,footnotes3 #bed ,= ! conv5i5ce ( ! read] ,i give ! *apt]s & v]ses z !y are 9 ! ord9>y ,hebrew ,bible1 s t !y c be f\nd at once 9 ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion4 ,! lett] a aft] ! v]se numb] indicates ! fir/ half ( t v]se1 ! lett] b ! second half4 #bee ,! mean+ is almo/ ! opposite ( t ( ! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion4 ,eye & e> are we>i$ & bewild]$ by ! incessant :irl ( ! va/ ma*9]y ( ! univ]se4 ,cf4 ,s*op5hau]1 ed4 ,griseba*1 vol4 v4 p4 #bie1 #add4 ,! metre ( ! /rophe is id5tical ) t ( ! ,poem ( ,job4 #bef ,x is int]e/+ & in/ructive to comp>e ?is ) ! id5tical doctr9e ( ,buddha1 z set =? 9 ! canonical book1 ,samyuttaka-,nikayo1 vol4 i4 vii41 #b ,p1 #b ,suttam4 ,x is accessible to mo/ read]s 9 ! admirable ,g]man translation ( ,dr4 ,k4 ,e4 ,neumann1 ,leid51 #ahib4 ,pp4 #aef1 #aeg4 #beg ,! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion has %all n be satisfi$ ) silv]4 ,! mean+ is t he :o loves silv] %all n enjoy ! good ?+s x c pur*ase4 #beh ,i4e41 ,! c>e & anxiety :i* accompany ! possession ( weal?4 ,! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion has3 ,! sleep ( a lab\r+ man is sweet1 :e!r he eat little or mu*3 b ! abundance ( ! ri* w n suff] him to sleep4 ,! ,hebrew ^w saba' c signify bo? weal? & repletion4 ,"h x manife/ly means ! =m]2 b "s well-int5tion$ p]son ^: ideas ( physiology 7 defective1 hav+ tak5 x to mean repletion1 confirm$ 8 view by int]polat+ ! words3 :e!r he eat little or mu*4 #bei ,"h a portion ( ! orig9al text has be5 lo/1 z is evid5t f ! passage beg9n+ ,:at pr(it1 two s5t5ces l[] d[n1 :i* sums up ! tr\bles ( ! ri* man & makes !m consi/ n m]ely 9 ! loss ( :at he actually possess$1 b likewise 9 ! h>d%ips & privations :i* he endur$ 9 ord] to produce 8 weal?4 ,i give 9 brackets ! words :i* ,pr(essor ,bickell conjecturally supplies 9 lieu ( ! lo/ passage4 #bfj ,& !re=e extremely d\btful4 ,:5 ,kohele? wi%es to express ! idea ( inexorable law1 or ,fate1 he has rec\rse to ! notion ( ,god4 #bfa ,x is only on e>? t "o c hope = "s approximation to happ9ess4 ,if we fail to obta9 x "h--& ! odds are v mu* aga9/ u--!re is no h]eaft] to look =w>d to2 = we all--! mis]able z well z ! =tunate--are drift+ /eadily into "o place--! dre>y ,%eol1 :]e !re is no pleasure1 no /riv+1 no life4 #bfb ,i4e41 n m]ely1 z comm5tators g5]ally suppose1 t desire is n satiat$2 b t ! enjoym5t = ! sake ( :i* alone we desire life1 & toil to su/a9 x1 is nev] atta9$4 ,! aim ( lab\r is enjoym5t1 )\t :i* exi/5ce is a burd52 b ! real result ( x all is ! m]e support ( life )\t its r$eem+ pleasures4 ,cf4 ,s*op5hau]1 vol4 v4 pp4 #cjj1 #cja4 #bfc ,t is to say1 is a v unc]ta9 outlook4 #bfd ,?is is a rem>kable s5t5ce1 :i*1 if x c\ld be suppos$ to be ! fruit ( ! writ]'s own speculations1 w\ld entitle him to a high place 9 ! ,pan!on ( speculative philosoph]s4 ,?is proposition1 :i* und]lies all ,buddhi/ic doctr9es1 w\ld be =mulat$ by ,kant or ,s*op5hau] some:at z foll[s3 ,"t1 space1 & causality are giv5 to man z ! a priori conditions ( all ?\ght2 !y are ! /uff 8 m9d is made (4 ,z !y are likewise ! ?ree +r$i5ts ( :i* ! univ]se is compos$1 x foll[s t ! _w is ! web ( 8 own intellect1 &1 9 s f> z x is kn[able1 exi/s = ! intellect alone4 ,t :i* und]lies all ! %ad[s ( exi/5ce1 ! "o et]nal =ce or w1 he nev] beholds4 #bfe ,s*op5hau] w\ld express x ?us3 ,our s\rces ( k--inn] & out] obs]vation--are id5tical ) ^? ( animals1 ! diff]5ce consi/+ 9 t faculty ( imp>t+ to our intuitions ! =m ( ab/ract ideas4 #bff ,t is to say1 is highly unc]ta92 =1 z we le>n 9 ! foll[+ l9es1 happ9ess & mis]y dep5d ^u *ance or luck4 ,god gives 8 fav\rites an agreeable life1 leav+ ! drudg]y to all ! re/4 ,& 8 *oice is n det]m9$ by any e?ical acts ( man4 #bfg ,s9n] is n ! correct translation ( ! ,hebrew ^w khte "h2 o!rwise ! au?or c\ld n say t ?is too 7i4e41 ! puni%m5t ( ! s9n]7 is vanity4 #bfh ,! ,jews frequ5tly give to piety & morality ! "n ( wisdom4 #bfi ,! s5se ( ?is passage1 :i* has become prov]bial1 is g5]ally misund]/ood4 ,:at x means is t man's "w1 be he nev] s skilful1 be x nev] s easy1 is absolutely dep5d5t = success ^u conditions :i* are :olly beyond 8 control1 & t und]tak5 "u any o!r conditions is inevitably doom$ to failure4 #bgj ,"h ,pr(essor ,bickell supplies ! words3 ,aga9/ ?is no man c /rive4 #bga ,! utmo/ t physical sci5ce c tea* u is ! :]e1 ! :5 & ! :y ( ! appe>ance ( ! =ces ( nature4 ,! :at rema9s = ev] a my/]y4 #bgb ,wisdom "h is tak5 to mean ! "o et]nal reality :i* und]lies ! %ad[y appe>ances t we see & "k4 ,! same use ( ! ^w & exactly ! same !sis occur 9 ,job4 7,cf4 ,a4,v4 ,job xxviii4 #ba1 #bb47 #bgc ,he _c answ] ev5 = 8 own s5tim5ts1 completely ?\gh !y may seem to be "u 8 sway4 #bgd ,i4e41 )\t e?ical di/9ctions betwe5 ! good & ! bad4 #bge ,x is curi\s to note t a comp>ison /rik+ly simil> to ?is occurs 9 ! anci5t ,indian collection ( fables entitl$ ,pants*atantra4 7,ed4 ,koseg>t51 p4 #aje47 #bgf ,lit]ally3 tyrannical4 #bgg ,?is l9e is no long] f\nd 9 ! ,hebrew or ,greek texts4 ,x is requir$1 h[ev]1 by ! s5se & metre1 & is ins]t$ by ,pr(essor ,bickell4 #bgh ,"h ! ,hebrew text conta9s a play ( words :i* _c be reproduc$ 9 ,engli%4 #bgi ,"s rise by s91 & "s by virtue fall4 7,measure = ,measure47 #bhj ,i4e41 = mank9d4 #bha ,"h a portion ( ! text is evid5tly lo/4 ,pr(essor ,bickell sugge/s t x ran some:at z foll[s3 ,:o receiv$ him ) applause & revil$ ! old k+4 ,= inasmu* z he _h spurn$ ! c\nsel ( ! wise1 9 ord] to misgov]n & gr9d d[n ! p1 !re=e !y hat$ him z ^? _h hat$ him :o 7 be=e !m4 #bhb ,z an antidote to ! s-call$ piety f\nd$ ^u ! scrupul\s obs]vance ( ! law1 :i* _h become a v ,upas tree ( self-complac5cy4 ,mank9d is already encompass$ by s _m & su* t]rible evils1 t x w\ld be %e] madness to turn religion into a means ( multiply+ !m4 #bhc ,ano!r passage is want+ "h1 :i* mo/ probably 0 to ! effect t !y "k n t ,god asks no sacrifices at _! h&s b only works ( ju/ice2 & t !re=e !y take c\rage to "w evil4 #bhd ,v>i\s comm5tators h (f]$ v>i\s explanations ( ?is obscure passage4 ,z none ( !m is conv9c+1 ,i pref] to leave !m unnotic$4 ,x is n impossible t x may conta9 an allusion to "s popul> tale or fable1 analog\s to t ( ! man :o call$ ^u dea? 9 8 despair1 & :5 ! grim visitor made 8 appe>ance1 ask$ him m]ely to help him to c>ry 8 burd54 #bhe ,pr(essor ,bickell supposes t "h "s words h fall5 out1 su* z3 ,brood n ov] t :i* is too m>vell\s & too l(ty = !e1 nei!r say ( ! dreams ( ?y he>t & ! babbl+ ( ?y lips1 ',i h f\nd ! k ( ! ,holy ,"o4' #bhf ,?is passage is a bitt]ly ironical onslaught on bureaucracy4 #bhg ,?is di/i* is rhym$ 9 ,hebrew4 #bhh ,:at ,kant w\ld call das ,d+ an si*4 ,ev]y?+ we see & "k is b appe>ance4 ,! und]ly+ sub/ance1 t :i* is1 is unkn[able4 #bhi ,political plots4 #bij ,i4e41 ! k+4 #bia ,ironical4 #bib ,by 8 unconsid]$ acts4 #bic ,lit]ally1 x mu/ be ! m lu/ily wield$4 #bid ,?is l9e is f\nd only 9 ! ,septuag9t4 #bie ,probably a prov]bial way ( say+ t a man kn[s no?+4 #bif ,! words 9 brackets are suppli$ conjecturally by ,pr(essor ,bickell4 #big ,! ,au?oris$ ,v]sion has 9 ?is life4 ,b x deviates f ! ,hebrew orig9al4 #bih ,! ne!r _w :]e ! dead are b %ad[s4 #bii ,?is & ! foll[+ quatra9 are rhym$ 9 ! orig9al2 z is also ! prec$+ di/i*4 #cjj ,?y wife4 #cja ,! arms4 #cjb ,! legs4 #cjc ,! eyes4 #cjd ,! e>s4 #cje ,! voice4 #cjf ,! tones4 #cjg ,! tee?4 #cjh ,! :ite hair4 #cji ,fasc9um4 #caj ,greek3 ,kreis4 #caa ,! epilogue =ms no "p ( ! orig9al text4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,say+s ,,( ,,agur ,,translation ,,( ,,! ,,re/or$ ,,text 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,say+s ,,( ,,agur ,,fir/ ,,say+ ,on ,god ,i ,s5t5ce ( ! man :o has worri$ himself ab\t ,god3 ,i h worri$ myself ab\t ,god & succe$$ n2 ,= ,i am m /upid ?an o!r m51 ,& 9 me !re is no human und]/&+4 ,nei!r h ,i le>n$ wisdom1 ,s t ,i might compreh5d ! sci5ce ( sacr$ ?+s4 ,,ii ,:o has asc5d$ into heav5 & come d[n aga98 ,:o c ga!r ! w9d 9 8 fi/s8 ,:o c b9d ! wat]s 9 a g>m5t8 ,:o c grasp all ! ends ( ! e>?8 ,su* an "o w\ld ,i "q ab\t ,god3 ,:at is 8 "n8 ,& :at is ! "n ( 8 sons1 if ?\ kn[e/ x8#cab ,,second ,,say+ ,on ,f\r ,insatiable ,?+s ,!re be ?ree ?+s :i* are nev] satisfi$1 ,yea1 f\r exclaim3 ,x is n en\gh6 ,! ,gh\l ha? two daught]s3 ,give1 give6--! grave & ! womb4#cac ,! e>? is n fill$ ) wat]1 ,& ! fire saye? n1 ,x is en\gh6 ,,?ird ,,say+ ,,( ,,agur ,on ,f\r ,inscrutable ,?+s ,!re be ?ree ?+s too wond]ful = me1 ,yea1 f\r :i* ,i fa?om n3 ,! way ( ! eagle 9 ! air1 ,! way ( ! s]p5t ^u a rock1 ,! way ( a %ip amid/ ! ocean1 ,& ! way ( a man ) a maid4#cad ,,f\r? ,,say+ ,f\r ,insupportable ,?+s ,"u ?ree ?+s ! e>? quakes1 ,& "u f\r x _c /&4 ,"u a slave :5 he seeks to reign1 ,& "u a fool :5 he is fill$ ) meat2 ,"u an odi\s woman :5 %e gets a husb&1 ,& "u a h&maid :o is heir to h] mi/ress4#cae ,,fif? ,,say+ ,f\r :o /ride maje/ically ,!re be ?ree ?+s :i* g well1 ,yea1 f\r are comely 9 go+3 ,a lion--! h]o among bea/s1 ,:o turne? n aside = any "o2 ,a greyh\nd & a bell-goat1 ,& a k+ :o rise? up = 8 p's sake4 ,,six? ,,s5t5ce ,exhortation to d5\nce ambition ,:e!r ?\ ha/ act$ fooli%ly 9 exalt+ ?yself1 ,or :e!r ?\ ha/ done wisely1 lay ?y h& ^u ?y lips6#caf ,= pressure ( milk produces butt]1 ,& pressure ( vanity produces ang]2 ,pressure ( ! nose#cag produces blood1 ,& pressure ( wra? produces /rife4 ,footnotes3 #cab ,to ?is & ! foll[+ ,say+s1 ,agur's or?odox oppon5t replies ?us3 ,e ^w ( ,god is purifi$3 ,he is a %ield to !m t put _! tru/ 9 him4 ,add ?\ n unto 8 words1 ,le/ he reprove !e1 & ?\ be f\nd a li>4 ,two ?+s h ,i dem&$ ( !e1 ,o ,jahveh1 ,d5y me !m n be=e ,i die3 ,frivolity & blasphem\s words ,& negation remove f> f me4 ,give me nei!r pov]ty nor ri*es2 ,fe$ me ) food suitable = me4 ,le/ ,i be sat$ & d5y !e1 ,& say1 ,:o is ! ,"l8 ,or le/ ,i be poor & yield to s$uction ,& (f5d aga9/ ! "n ( my ,god4 ,accuse n a s]vant to 8 ma/]1#cab;a ,le/ he curse !e & ?\ be f\nd guilty4 ,!re is a bad g5]ation t curses its fa!r ,& do? n bless its "m1#cab;b ,a bad g5]ation :i* is pure 9 its own eyes1 ,& yet is n wa%$ f its fil?9ess4 ,a bad g5]ation1 h[ l(ty are its eyes6 ,& h[ uplift$ its eyelids6 ,a bad g5]ation ^: tee? are z swords1 ,& ^: jaw-tee? are z knives ,to dev\r ! poor f (f ! e>?1 ,& ! ne$y f among m54#cab;c #cab;a ,z if ,agur 7 an ari/ocrat f bl9d unreason+ sympa?y = ! hea!n ari/ocracy4 ,allusion to ,agur's #d? ,say+4 #cab;b ,aga9/ ,agur's #bnd & #crd ,say+s4 #cab;c ,aga9/ ,agur's #d? ,say+4 #cac ,i4e41 bir? & dea?4 7,cf4 ,agur1 ! ,agno/ic1 pp4 #aci1 #adj47 ,! *ampion ( or?odoxy evid5tly took ! passage lit]ally & consequ5tly condemn$ ,agur z guilty ( a lack ( filial respect = 8 "m1 v5t+ 8 feel+s 9 ! foll[+ l9es3 ,! eye t sc(fe? at ! grey hair ( ! fa!r ,& t despise? ! old age ( ! "m1 ,! rav5s ( ! valley %all pick x out ,& ! "y eagles %all dev\r x4 #cad ,v]se #bj ,a4,v4 is an addition ins]t$ by a lat] writ] :o hav+ misund]/ood ! la/ l9e ( ! f\r? s5t5ce1 deem$ x 8 duty to give x a moral turn4 #cae ,! ,s5t5ce foll[+ 7vv4 #bd-bd ,a4,v47 deal+ ) ,f\r ,cunn+ ,ones is probably n f ,agur's p52 = n only has x five di/i*s1 b x lacks ! po9t :i* *>act]ises 8 ,say+s1 besides :i* x does n beg91 z 8 num]ical ,s5t5ces d1 ) ?ree be=e proce$+ to f\r4 #caf ,keep sil5ce4 #cag ,9 ,hebrew ! same ^w signifies nose & /rife4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,index 99 99 99 99 99 ,,index ,adv]s>y1 !1 a son ( ,god ,agur1 ! ,say+s (-- _! lit]>y place "* ( _! position 9 ,prov]bs _! pres5t =m ,agur & 8 or?odox oppon5t blund]s ( ! latt] ,ori5tal influ5ce traceable 9 ! ,say+s ! my/]y ( g5]ation date ( composition ,agur %[s no respect = ! doctr9e ( retribution1 = ,messianism1 revelation1 c42 no belief 9 a p]sonal ,god 8 antagonism to ,jewi% !ologians 8 views ( "r conduct ,angels ,animals1 ! t5d]ness ( ,buddhism t[>ds ,aryans & ,semites1 contra/ ( m5tal *>act]i/ics ,a/]isks1 ,orig5's1 9 ! ,hexapla ,au?or%ip ( ,job ,bickell1 ,pr(essor1 & ! laws ( ,hebrew metre discov]y ( ! ,saidic v]sion ( ,job on ! !ophany 9 ,job !ory z to ! *aotic /ate ( ,kohele? & ! ,praise ( ,wisdom textual conjectures ,book1 ,t m9e adv]s>y _h writt5 a ,book ( ,job 7see ,job7 ,buddhism & ! !ology ( ,job & ,job's moral sy/em influ5ce (1 on ,kohele? ,buddhism1 spread (1 into ,syria1 ,egypt1 c4 influ5ce (1 on ,agur & ! doctr9e ( ,r5unciation its t5d]ness t[>ds animals & plants ,byron's ,ca9 & ,job ,ca9 7,byron's7 & ,job ,canticles ( ,scepticism1 ,he9e's description ( ,kohele? ,*eyne1 ,pr(41 & ! date ( ,job & ! laws ( ,hebrew metre & ,pr(4 ,bickell's !ory ( ! plan ( ,kohele? on ! !ism ( ,kohele? ,job1 /rophe liii4 & ,ps4 viii4 #e comp>$4 ,*ri/ & ! doctr9e ( ,r5unciation ,*ri/ianity n incompatible ) ,kohele?'s scepticism ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria & a lo/ v]sion ( ,job ,cornill1 ,dr41 & ! date ( ,job ,c\ncil ( ,con/ant9ople & ! hi/orical tru? ( ,job ,critical app>atus appli$ to text ( ,job ,date ( ,job ( e>lie/ extant ,,ms4 ( ,job ( ,kohele? ( ! ,say+s ( ,agur ,ecclesia/es 7see ,kohele?7 ,ecclesia/icus1 dropp$ leaves caus+ transposition ( *apt]s 9 ,elephantiasis ,et]nal ju/ice1 ,job's belief 9 ,kohele?'s belief 9 ,evil 7see ,good & ,evil7 ,ewald & ! laws ( ,hebrew metre ,firmam5t1 ! ,free-w & ! orig9 ( evil ,future life1 ,job kn[s no?+ ( ,kohele? kn[s no?+ ( ,gh\l1 ! 7,tanha7 ,good & ,evil1 problem ( free-w & ! orig9 ( evil ! ,ori5tal !ory ( ,gregory ! ,great & ! ,book ( ,job ,hebrew metre1 ,pr(4 ,bickell & ! laws ( ,he9e & ! ,canticles ( ,scepticism ,hitopadea1 !1 & ! ,say+s ( ,agur ,inspiration ( ,job n affect$ by recon/ructive *anges ,int]polations 9 ,job1 examples ( ,isaac ( ,antio*1 transpositions 9 poems caus$ by dropp$ leaves ,jesus ,sira* & ! ,book ( ,prov]bs ,job1 ! ,poem (-- comp>$ ) ,lucretius1 ,de ,nat4 ,r]um its inclusion 9 ! ,canon its appeal to all ages op9ion ( ,gregory ! ,great1 ,?omas ,aqu9as1 ,t5nyson1 ,lu!r its place 9 lit]ature ! problem ( traditional !ology ! my/]y ( good & evil no conception ( a future life nor ( ! ,resurrection or ,atonem5t ! poet's view ( ! problem free-w & ! orig9 ( evil ! ,ori5tal !ory ( ^! ,brahmanism & ,buddhism ,job's illum9ation ! same z ,buddha's au?or%ip ( date ( ! "q ( hi/oricity date ( e>lie/ extant ,,ms4 ( a lo/ v]sion ( v>i\s causes = *anges 9 text ! *ief cause1 a horror ( blasphemy app>atus = detect+ ^! *anges laws ( ,hebrew metre p>allelism evid5ce ( ! ,septuag9t ,!odotion's v]sion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ! ,hexapla ! ,saidic or ,!baic v]sion ( ,job examples ( int]polations recon/ructive *anges d n affect inspiration ,job's natural philosophy 8 dynamic !ory ( ! ,univ]se 8 mono!ism n ,jewi% 8 moral sy/em1 bas$ on pity1 f\nd 9 ,buddhism1 & "h fir/ prea*$ 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t belief 9 et]nal ju/ice ! secret ( ,job's resignation ! anci5t leg5d ( ,job1 use ( x by ! poet analysis ( ! ,poem ! appe>ance ( ,jehovah n lit]al b symbolical ( ,job's illum9ation ,judaism1 ! influ5ce ( ,buddhism on ,kant & ,kohele? ,kohele?-- its inclusion 9 ! ,canon ! lit]>y problem ( its metaphysical basis ! same z t ( ! philosophy ( ,buddha1 ,kant1 & ,s*op5hau] *aotic & conflict+ "* ( text ,pr(4 ,bickell's !ory z to ! confusion ( ! book in/ances ( simil> confusion 9 o!r works ! propos$ re-arrangem5t illu/rations 9 support ( ,pr(4 ,bickell's !ory ,kohele?'s !ory ( life s\rce ( happ9ess n weal? nor wisdom nor virtue ,kohele?'s sy/em relation ( ,god to man ! practical moral ! view ( moral ord] ! _w all ,maya1 illusion ,kohele?'s !ory n inconsi/5t ) ,*ri/ianity ! rea* ( our k2 happ9ess ! only true good ,kohele? kn[s no?+ ( future life or ( div9e promises or revelations 8 belief 9 et]nal ju/ice r5unciation1 ! great doctr9e wisdom ! great boon cont5t & mod]ation ! gold5 rule ! s\rces ( 8 philosophy opposition ( ,jewi% or?odoxy to ! book admission ( ! book to ! ,canon its incompatibility ) ,messianic hopes ( ,israel disbelief 9 a p]sonal ,god 9 retribution & immortality ,greek influ5ces que/ion$2 probable influ5ce ( ,buddhism date & locality ( ,kohele? ,life to come 7see ,future ,life7 ,lucretius comp>$ ) ,job ,lu!r & ! ,book ( ,job ,magicians m5tion$ 9 ,job ,maya1 illusion1 ! tea*+ ( ,kohele? ,metre 9 ,hebrew1 laws ( ,nirvana1 ,kohele?'s only real good view ( ,old ,te/am5t1 untru/wor?9ess ( hi/orical books ,orig5 & ! ,hexapla ,p>allelism 9 ,hebrew poetry ,paul1 ,/41 & a lo/ v]sion ( ,job ,praise ( ,wisdom1 its place 9 ,prov]bs1 ,pr(4 ,bickell's discov]y ,prie/s' ,code1 ! ,prov]bs1 analysis ( n writt5 by ,solomon _! hi/ory date ( ,plants1 t5d]ness ( ,buddhism t[>ds ,r5unciation1 ! tea*+ ( ,kohele?1 ,buddha1 ,*ri/1 etc4 ,resurrection1 ! 79 ,job7 ,r$eem] live?1 ,i "k t my ,saidic or ,!baic v]sion ( ,job ,s>iputto1 & ! desire = life 7tanha7 ,satan1 a son ( ,god ,scotus ,erig5a & free-w ,s*op5hau] & ,kohele? & ,r5unciation & ! f\r ?+s insatiable ,semites1 rema9s ( anci5t speculation among & ,aryans1 contra/ ( m5tal *>act]i/ics ,septuag9t1 ! value (1 9 reg>d to text ( ,job ,tanha1 ! t]rible ,gh\l ,t5nyson's op9ion ( ,job ,!baic or ,saidic v]sion ( ,job ,!odore ( ,mopsue/ia condemn$ = decl>+ ,job to be fiction ,!odotion's v]sion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t ,?omas ,aqu9as on ,job ,transmigration ( s\ls ,v$a1 ! ,v$anta1 ! ,v[el po9ts 9 ,hebrew ,wisdom1 ,praise (1 its place 9 ,prov]bs1 ,pr(4 ,bickell's discov]y 99 99 99 99 99