,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado   ,,by ,j4 
,w4 ,,p[ell1 ,,ph4,d41 ,,ll4,d41  ,=m]ly
 ,director ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,geological
 ,survey4 ,memb] ( ! ,national ,academy 
( ,sci5ces1 etc41 etc4  ,,) ,,_m        
,,illu/rations4  ,fir/ publi%$ #ahie    
,,preface4  ,on my return f ! fir/      
exploration ( ! canyons ( ! ,colorado1  
,i f\nd t our j\rney _h be5 ! !me ( mu* 
newspap] writ+4 ,a /ory ( disa/] _h be5 
circulat$1 ) _m p>ticul>s ( h>d%ip &    
trag$y1 s t x 0 curr5tly believ$ ?r\gh\t
 ! ,unit$ ,/ates t all ! memb]s ( ! p>ty
 7 lo/ save "o4 ,a good fri5d ( m9e _h  
ga!r$ a great numb] ( obitu>y notices1 &
 x 0 int]e/+ & r flatt]+ to me to       
discov] ! high e/eem 9 :i* ,i _h be5    
held by ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 my    
suppos$ dea? ,i _h atta9$ to a glory :i*
 ,i fe> my cont9u$ life has n fully     
v9dicat$4  ,! exploration 0 n made =    
adv5ture1 b purely = sci5tific purposes1
 geographic & geologic1 & ,i _h no      
int5tion ( writ+ an acc\nt ( x1 b only (
 record+ ! sci5tific results4           

,imm$iately on my return ,i 0 int]view$ 
a numb] ( times1 & ^! int]views 7       
publi%$ 9 ! daily press2 & "h ,i suppos$
 all int]e/ 9 ! exploration end$4 ,b 9  
#ahgd ! editors ( ,scribn]'s ,mon?ly    
reque/$ me to publi% a popul> acc\nt ( !
 ,colorado exploration 9 t j\rnal4 ,to  
?is ,i acc$$ & prep>$ f\r %ort articles1
 :i* 7 elaborately illu/rat$ f          
photographs 9 my possession4  ,9 ! same 
ye>--#ahgd--;at ! in/ance ( ,pr(essor   
,h5ry ( ! ,smi?sonian ,in/itution1 ,i 0 
call$ be=e an appropriations committee (
 ! ,h\se ( ,repres5tatives to expla9    
c]ta9 e/imates made by ! ,pr(essor =    
funds to cont9ue sci5tific "w :i* _h be5
 9 progress f ! date ( ! orig9al        
exploration4 ,mr4 ,g>field 0 *airman ( !
 committee1 & aft] li/5+ to my  ,,iv    
,,preface4  acc\nt ( ! progress ( !     
geographic & geologic "w1 he ask$ me :y 
no hi/ory ( ! orig9al exploration ( !   
canyons _h be5 publi%$4 ,i in=m$ him t  
,i _h no int]e/ 9 t "w z an adv5ture1 b 
0 int]e/$ only 9 ! sci5tific results1 & 

t ^! results _h 9 "p be5 publi%$ & 9 "p 
7 9 c\rse ( publication4 ,!reupon ,mr4  
,g>field1 9 a pleasant mann]1 insi/$ t !
 hi/ory ( ! exploration %\ld be publi%$ 
by ! gov]nm5t1 & t ,i mu/ und]/& t my   
sci5tific "w w\ld be cont9u$ by         
additional appropriations only ^u my    
promise t ,i w\ld publi% an acc\nt ( !  
exploration4 ,i made ! promise1 & ! task
 0 imm$iately und]tak54  ,my daily      
j\rnal _h be5 kept on long & n>r[ /rips 
( br[n pap]1 :i* 7 ga!r$ into little    
volumes t 7 b\nd 9 sole lea!r 9 camp z  
!y 7 complet$4 ,aft] "s delib]ation ,i  
decid$ to publi% ?is j\rnal1 ) only su* 
em5dations & corrections z its ha/y     
writ+ 9 camp necessitat$4 ,x *anc$ t !  
j\rnal 0 writt5 9 ! pres5t t5se1 s t !  
fir/ acc\nt ( my trip appe>$ 9 t t5se4  
,! j\rnal ?us publi%$ 0 n a l5g?y pap]1 
con/itut+ b a "p ( a report entitl$     
,exploration ( ! ,colorado ,riv] ( !    
,we/ & its ,tribut>ies4 ,explor$ 9      
#ahfi1 #ahgj1 #ahga1 & #ahgb1 "u !      
direction ( ! ,secret>y ( ! ,smi?sonian 

,in/itution4 ,! o!r pap]s publi%$ ) x   
relate to ! geography1 geology1 &       
natural hi/ory ( ! c\ntry4 ,& "h aga9 ,i
 suppos$ all acc\nt ( ! exploration     
end$4 ,b f t "t until ! pres5t ,i h     
receiv$ _m lett]s urg+ t a popul> acc\nt
 ( ! exploration & a description ( t    
wond]ful l& %\ld be publi%$ by me4 ,?is 
call has be5 voic$ occasionally 9 !     
daily press & sometimes 9 ! magaz9es1   
until at la/ ,i h conclud$ to publi% a  
full] acc\nt 9 popul> =m4 ,9 do+ ?is ,i 
h revis$ & enl>g$ ! orig9al j\rnal (    
exploration1 & h add$ sev]al new *apt]s 
descriptive ( ! region & ( ! p :o       
inhabit x4 ,realiz+ ! difficulty ( pa9t+
 9 ^w colors a l& s /range1 s wond]ful1 
& s va/ 9 its features1 9 ! weakness (  
my descriptive p[]s ,i h s\ght refuge 9 
graphic illu/ration1 & = ?is purpose h  
ga!r$ f ! magaz9es & f v>i\s sci5-      
,,preface4 ,v  tific reports an         
abundance ( mat]ial4 ,all ( ?is         
illu/rative mat]ial orig9at$ 9 my "w1 b 
x has already be5 us$ else:]e4  ,_m ye>s

 h pass$ s9ce ! exploration1 & ^? :o 7  
boys ) me 9 ! ent]prise are--ah1 mo/ (  
!m are dead1 & ! liv+ are gray ) age4   
,_! bronz$1 h>dy1 brave faces come be=e 
me z !y appe>$ 9 ! vigor ( life2 _! li! 
b p[]ful =ms seem to move ar\nd me2 & ! 
memory ( ! m5 & _! h]oic de$s1 ! m5 & _!
 g5]\s acts1 ov]:elms me ) a joy t seems
 almo/ a grief1 = x />ts a f\nta9 (     
te>s4 ,i 0 a maim$ man2 my "r arm 0     
gone2 & ^! brave m51 ^! good m51 nev]   
=got x4 ,9 e dang] my safety 0 _! fir/  
c>e1 & 9 e wak+ h\r "s k9d s]vice 0     
r5d]$ me1 & !y transfigur$ my mis=tune  
into a boon4  ,to y--,j4 ,c4 ,sumn]1    
,william ,h4 ,dunn1 ,w4 ,h4 ,p[ell1 ,g4 
,y4 ,bradley1 ,o4 ,g4 ,h[l&1 ,s5eca     
,h[l&1 ,frank ,goodman1 ,w4 ,e4 ,hawk9s1
 & ,&rew ,hall--my noble & g5]\s        
companions1 dead & alive1 ,i d$icate ?is
 book4      ,,cont5ts4  ,,*apt] ,,page  
,i4 ,! ,valley ( ! ,colorado 44#ag      
,,ii4 ,mesas &1 ,buttes 4 4 4 4 #ci     
,,iii4 ,m\nta9s & ,plateaus 444#fg      
,,iv4 ,cliffs & ,t]races 4444#hi  ,v4 ,f

 ,gre5 ,riv] ,city to ,flam+ ,gorge 4   
#aag  ,,vi4 ,f ,flam+ ,gorge to ! ,gate 
( ,lodore 4 4 #acc  ,,vii4 ,! ,canyon ( 
,lodore 444#aea  ,,viii4 ,f ,e*o ,p>k to
 ! ,m\? ( ! ,u9ta ,riv] 4#afg  ,,ix4 ,f 
! ,m\? ( ! ,u9ta ,riv] to ! ,junction ( 
!  ,gr& & ,gre5 4 444#ahi  ,x4 ,f !     
,junction ( ! ,gr& & ,gre5 to ! ,m\?  ( 
! ,little ,colorado 444444#baa  ,,xi4 ,f
 ! ,little ,colorado to ! ,foot ( ! ,gr&
 ,canyon#bdg  ,,xii4 ,! ,rio ,virg5 & ! 
,u9k>et ,m\nta9s 4 4#bhi  ,,xiii4 ,ov] !
 ,riv] 4444#cbg  ,,xiv4 ,to ,zui        
444444#cea  ,,xv4 ,! ,gr& ,canyon       
4444#cgi  ,index 4444444#cii      ,,li/ 
,,( ,,illu/rations4  ,portrait ( !      
,au?or 4444444 ,frontispiece miss+      
,,page  ,! ,colorado ,riv] 444444#af    
,p>unuweap ,canyon 44444#ah  ,bird's-eye
 ,view ( ! ,cliffs 4444#ai  ,san        
,francisco ,peak 44444#ba  ,cliff ne>   
,=t ,w+ate 44444#bb  ,sc5]y on ! ,high  
,plateaus 444#bc  ,! ,mogollon ,esc>pm5t
 4444#be  ,sn[-clad ,m\nta9s on ! ,riv] 
44#bf  ,our ,mess5g] 444444#bh  ,apa*e  

,basket 444444#bi  ,our ,mess5g]'s ,wife
 44444#cj  ,ru9s ( ,toyalone 44444#ca   
,a ,zu ,c\rt 4444444#cc  ,adobe ,*ur*1  
,zui 44444#cd  ,! ,site ( ,mo5kopi 4 4 4
 4 4 4 4 4 #cf  ,m\nta9 ( ! ,holy ,cross
 444#ch  ,w+ate ,cliff 4444444#dj       
,pyramid ,butte ne> ,=t ,w+ate 44#da    
,zui ,cliffs 4444444#db  ,great ,neck   
,n9e ,miles ,s\? ( ,salaz> 4#dc  ,c9d]  
,cone & ,neck1 ,nor!a/ ( ,grant ,/ation 
#dd  ,two ,l>ge ,necks1 ! ,m ,di/ant ,"o
 be+ ! ,cabazon#de  ,neck ,six ,miles   
,nor!a/ ( ,juantafoya 44#df  ,a ,gr\p ( 
,necks ne> ,m\nt ,taylor 4#dg  ,panorama
 f ! ,edge ( ,m\nt ,taylor ,mesa #dh    
,panorama 9 ! ,valley ( ! ,pu]co 4#ej   
,ru9s at ! ,head ( ,mc,elmo ,canyon 4 4 
4 #eb  ,a ,navajo ,hogan 444444#ec  ,an 
,anci5t ,coil$ ,vase f ,tusayan 44#ed   
,a ,typical ,cliff ,dwell+ 4444#ef  ,a  
,room 9 a ,pueblo 44444#eg  ,a ,navajo  
,ready = a ,j\rney 444#eh  ,a ,navajo   
,boy 4444444#ei  ,g>d5s ( ,zui 444444#fj
  ,a ,tusayan ,ladd] 444444#fa  ,a ,zui 
,/ool 444444#fa  ,x ,,canyons ,,( ,,!   

,,colorado4  ,,page  ,a ,tusayan ,field 
,%elt] 44444#fb  ,ano!r ,tusayan ,field 
,%elt] 444#fc  ,view ( ,hano1 ,"o ( !   
,sev5 ,pueblos ( ,tusayan 4 #fd  ,mesa  
,v]de 4 4 4 4 444 4 4 betwe5 #fd & #fe  
,m\nt ,moran1 ,teton ,range1 ,wyom+     
44#ff  ,m>ble ,bas9s1 ,mammo? ,hot      
,spr+s1 ,yell[/one ,p>k #fi  ,t]rac$    
,bas9s1 ,mammo? ,hot ,spr+s1 ,yell[/one 
,p>k #gj  ,tab]nacle ,crat] & ,lava ,b$s
 ( ! ,bas9 ,prov9ce #gc  ,view on ,great
 ,salt ,lake ,des]t1 %[+ ,m\nta9s half  
buri$ by ,lake ,s$im5ts 44444#gd  ,an   
,indian ,hunt] 444444#gf  ,res]voir     
,butte1 %[+ ,t]races ( ! ,anci5t ,lake  
,bonneville ,%orel9es 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #gg 
,pavant ,butte1 ov] a ,subm>9e ,volcano 
( ! ,great ,bas9 #gh  ,an ,indian ,camp 
444444#gi  ,indians ,gambl+ 444444#hj   
,ru9 ne> ,mo5kopi 44444#ha  ,ru9s (     
,payupki1 ,six ,miles ,nor?we/ (        
,ma%ongnavi1 ,tusayan 44 #hb  ,%upaulovi
 4444444#he  ,g5]al ,view ( ,zui1 look+ 
,we/ 44#hf  ,! ,gray ,cliffs 444444#hh  
,section & ,bird's-eye ,view ( !        

,plateaus ,nor? ( ! ,gr& ,canyon        
444444#ij  ,a ,gr\p ( ,/one ,corrals    
4444#ia  ,ru9s 44444444#ib  ,lagoon on !
 ,kaibab 44444#ie  ,p9k ,cliffs1        
,paunsagunt ,plateau 444#if  ,a ,p]mian 
,butte 444444#ii  ,v]milion ,cliffs at  
,kanab 44444#ajj  ,a ,midsumm]day's     
,dream on ! ,colob 4#ajc  ,an ,indian   
,village 444444#ajd  ,ant9a9ts1         
,putusiv1 & ,wi*uts 9 ,fe/al ,dress 4   
#aje  ,p]spective ,view ( ,typical      
,solit>y ,h\se 4#ajf  ,p]spective ,view 
( ,r\nd-,h\se ,/ructure ( ,lava 4 #ajg  
,an ,anci5t ,cliff ,h\se 44444#ajh  ,a  
,zui ,eagle ,cage 44444#aji  ,a ,view ( 
,zui 444444#aaj  ,walpi ,dance ,rock    
44444#aab  ,a ,passageway 9 ,walpi      
44444#aad  ,a ,passageway 9 ,ma%ongnavi 
444#aae  ,! ,hurricane ,fault 44444     
betwe5 #aad & #aae  ,temples & ,t[]s ( !
 ,rio ,virg5 4 betwe5 #aad & #aae  ,t[]s
 ( ! ,v]milion ,cliffs 4444 betwe5 #aad 
& #aae  ,panorama 4444444 betwe5 #aad & 
#aae  ,t]rac$ ,h\ses 9 ,zui 44444#aaf   
,! ,/>t f ,gre5 ,riv] ,/ation 44#aah    

,view 9 ,si*umovi 444444#aba  ,trail up 
,walpi ,mesa 44444#abb  ,ridges on      
,bitt] ,creek 44444#abc  ,mesas         
44444444#abd  ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations4 
,,xi  ,,page  ,a ,valley ,we/ ( ,gre5   
,riv] 444#abe  ,alcove ,l&s 444444#abf  
,bad ,l&s 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #abg  ,our
 ,indian ,guide 44444#abh  ,our ,guide's
 ,boy 444444#abi  ,gre5 ,riv] ,pla9s    
44444#acj  ,! ,*ief ,kiva ( ,%upaulovi 4
 4 4 4 4 4 #aca  ,walpi 444444444#acb   
,camp at ,flam+ ,gorge 4 4 4 4 4 4 4    
#acd  ,ma%ongnavi1 ) ,%upaulovi 9 !     
,di/ance 4 4 #ace  ,horse%oe ,canyon    
444444#acf  ,sc5e 9 ,hano 444444#aci    
,pescado ,pueblo1 ,outside ,/eps        
4444#adj  ,ov5 ne> ,pescado ,pueblo     
4444#ada  ,primitive ,&iron 9 ,%umopavi 
444#adb  ,tusayan ,meal+-,/ones 4444#adc
  ,kiva & ,/one ,corrals ( ,ma%ongnavi  
44#add  ,hogbacks ) ,int]v5+ ,valleys   
4#adf  ,an ,anci5t ,pueblo ,metate      
4444#adh  ,! ,home ( ! ,*ief 4444#aej   
,gate ( ,lodore 4444444#aec  ,wreck at  
,disa/] ,falls 4 4 4 4 4 4 #aee         

,metallif]\s ,ve9s expos$ to ,view      
44#aef  ,w9nie's ,grotto1 a ,side       
,canyon 444#aei  ,erod$ ,t[]s capp$ )   
,l>ge ,blocks ( ,s&/one 4 #afa  ,fire 9 
,camp 444444#afb  ,an ,isolat$ ,h\se at 
,zui 4444#afd  ,an ,oraibi ,c\rt        
444444#aff  ,! ,rescue 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
 444#afi  ,e*o ,p>k 4444444#agj         
,fragm5t ( ,wall1 ,zui 44444#aga  ,kivas
 ( ,%umopavi 44444#agb  ,g5]al ,view (  
,awatubi 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #agc  ,swall[    
,cave 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #age  ,view (     
,%umopavi 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #agg  ,ru9s   
4444444#agh1 #agi  ,indian ,lodge 9 !   
,u9ta ,valley 444#aha  ,w>rior & ,bride 
44444#ahc  ,our ,int]pret] & ,8 ,family 
444#ahe  ,h\se ,build+ at ,oraibi       
4444#ahf  ,g5]al ,view ( ,ojo ,cali5te  
4444#ahh  ,sumn]'s ,amphi!at] 4444#aij  
,*imneys & ,ro(s1 ,zui 4444#aic  ,a     
,tusayan ,int]ior 44444#aid  ,ligh?\se  
,rock1 ,canyon ( ,desolation 44#aig     
,gunnison ,butte1 ,gray ,canyon 444#aii 
,ru9s ( ,ket*ipauau 44444#bja           
,bird's-eye ,view ( ! ,l& ( ! ,/&+      

,rocks 4 #bjb  ,! ,butte ( ! ,cross     
44444#bjd  ,l& ( ! ,/&+ ,rocks 4 4 4 4  
#bje  ,,xii  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!          
,,colorado4  ,,page  ,mo5kopi           
4444444#bjg  ,oraibi ,h\ses 4444444#bjh 
,! ,he>t ( ,m>ble ,canyon 444#baj  ,a   
,lat]al ,canyon4 444444#bac  ,a ,tusayan
 ,meal+ ,tr\gh4 444#bae  ,! ,he>t (     
,cat>act ,canyon 4 4 4 4 4 #bag  ,wat]  
,bas9 9 ,gypsum ,canyon 444#bai  ,!     
,wat] ,pocket ,canyon 4444#bba  ,plan ( 
! ,ru9 ( ,kiu-,tiel1 ne> ,tusayau 4 4   
#bbb  ,pescado ,h\ses 4444444#bbe       
,repair+ ,boats at ! ,m\? ( ,dirty      
,devil ,riv] 4 #bbf  ,ru9s on ! ,br9k ( 
,gl5 ,canyon 44#bbh  ,isl& ,monum5t iu  
,gl5 ,canyon 444#bca  ,gl5 ,canyon      
4444444#bcb  ,an ,enclos+ ,wall (       
,upright ,/ones at ,ojo ,cali5te #bce   
,m>ble ,canyon 4444444#bcf  ,noonday    
,re/ 9 ,m>ble ,canyon 44#bci  ,view (   
,m>ble ,canyon f ,v]milion ,cliffs 4 4  
#bdj  ,adobe ,walls1 ,zui 44444#bdc  ,at
 ! ,m\? ( ! ,little ,colorado 44#bdf    
,walls ( ,gneiss 444444#bdi  ,runn+ a   

,rapid 444444#bej  ,head ( ! ,gr&       
,canyon 4444#beb  ,! ,inn] ,gorge       
444444#bed  ,signal ( ,discov]y or ,al>m
 4 4 4 4 4 #beg  ,signal1 ,:o are y8    
,answ]1 ,pani 4 4 4 444#beh  ,signal (  
,successful ,w> ,p>ty 444#bfa  ,a       
,signal ( ,peace 444444#bfb  ,moki      
,me?od ( ,dress+ ! ,hair 44#bfe  ,moki  
,me?od ( ,sp9n+ 4444#bff  ,an ,alcove 9 
! ,r$ ,wall 444#bfi  ,kanab ,canyon1 ne>
 ! ,junction 444#bgj  ,kanab ,canyon 9 !
 ,r$ ,wall ,lime/one 4 4 #bgc  ,! ,br9k 
( ! ,inn] ,gorge 4444#bge  ,! ,gr&      
,canyon ( ! ,colorado1 %[+ ,amphi!at] & 
,sculptur$ ,buttes 44444#bgf  ,climb+ ! 
,gr& ,canyon ,wall 44#bgi               
,triangulation ,/ation 44444#bha        
,cavate ,h\ses 444444#bhc  ,/&+ ,rocks  
4444444#bhe  ,m\nt ,trumbull1 f ,m\nt   
,logan 44#bhh  ,m>y's ,veil1 ! ,upp]    
,fall on ,p9e ,creek 4 4 4 #bij         
,fill+'s ,cascade1 ! ,l[] ,palls on ,p9e
 ,creek 4 #bia  ,aborig9al ,ladd] 4 444 
4 4 4 4 4 #bib  ,ano!r ,/yle ( ,ladd]   
4444#bic  ,entrance to ,p>unuweap       

44444#bie  ,t[]s on ! ,rio ,virg5       
4444#bif  ,mukuntuweap ,canyon 4 4 4 4 4
 4 4 #bih  ,! ,wit*es' ,wat] ,pocket    
4444#cja  ,wunavai ,ga!r+ ,se$s         
44444#cjb  ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations4    
,xlll  ,,page  ,t]race ,fireplace &     
,*imney ( ,%umopavi 4 4 #cje  ,a ,sweat 
,h\se 4444444#cjf  ,an ,int]ior ,lodge  
444444#cji  ,halv$ & ,p9n$ ,trapdoor    
,frame ( ,zu ,kiva 4 4 #caj  ,wood5     
,pivot ,h+es ( a ,zui ,door 4#caj  ,a   
,p\ltry ,h\se ( ,si*umovi resembl+ an   
,ov5 4 #cab  ,! ,human ,pickle 44444#cad
  ,rec5t ,lava ,fl[ on ! ,u9k>et 4 4 4 4
 4 #cag  ,a ,zui ,w9d[ glaz$ ) ,sel5ite 
44#cah  ,a ,zui ,*air 4444444#cai  ,an  
,anci5t ,circul> ,doorway or ,/one      
,close 9 ,k9-,tiel #cbj  ,a ,gam+ ,r+   
444444#cbj  ,int]ior ,view ( a ,tusayan 
,kiva 44#cbb  ,cave ,lake 9 ,kanab      
,canyon 4444#cbd  ,anci5t ,pott]y f     
,tusayan 444#cbf  ,tusayan ,feti*es &   
,implem5ts 444#cbi  ,dance ,p>aph]nalia 
f ,tusayan 44#ccb  ,! ,?\s& ,wells      
44444#ccd  ,t]rac$ ,h\ses 9 ,oraibi %[+ 

,entrance to ,kiva 9 ,=egr\nd           
44444444#cce  ,! ,h\se ( ,talti1 ,*ief (
 ! ,c\ncil 9 ! ,t[n ( ,oraibi #ccg      
,pray+ = ,ra9 444444#cci  ,ma%ongnavi   
4444444#cdj  ,tusayan ,trays 4444444#cda
  ,tusayan ,maskettes 44444#cdc         
,si*umovi & ,hano 44444#cdd  ,walpi1 a  
,village ( ,tusayan 444#cdf  ,tusayan   
,basketry 4444#ccj1 #cdh1 #cdi  ,zui f  
,h\setops1 look+ ,ea/ 44#cej  ,navajo   
,indian ) ,silv] ,ornam5ts 44#ceb  ,br++
 d[n ! ,batt5 4 4 4 4 #cec  ,navajo     
,*ur*1 ne> ,=t ,w+ate 444#ced  ,r\nd    
,t[] on a ,rock 4444#cee  ,toyalone1 f !
 ,top ( a ,h\se 9 ,zui 4#cef  ,typical  
,t]rac$ ,communal ,pueblo 44#ceg  ,danc]
 hold+ up ! ,great ,plum$ ,arr[ 4#ceh   
,danc] swall[+ ! ,great ,plum$ ,arr[ 4  
#cei  ,navajo ,woman weav+ a ,belt      
444#cfj  ,navajo ,woman sp9n+ 4444#cfa  
,a ,room 9 a ,zui ,h\se 4444#cfb        
,a%ti%kee1 a ,navajo ,*ief 4444#cfe     
,navajo ,m$ic9e ,lodge1 view$ f ! ,s\? 4
 4 #cff  ,navajo ,m$ic9e ,lodge1 view$ f
 ! ,ea/ 4 4 #cfg  ,navajo ,fire ,dance  

444444#cfh  ,work%op ( ,navajo          
,silv]smi? 444#cfi  ,zui ,woman weav+ a 
,belt 4444#cgj  ,weav+ ( ,diamond-%ap$  
,diagonals 4#cga  ,zui ,feti*es         
4444444#cgb  ,effigy ,pott]y f ,zui     
4444#cgc  ,zui ,pott]y 4444444#cgd      
,,xiv ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4     
,,page  ,zui ,grails 4444444#cge        
,cul9>y ,pott]y f ,zu 4 4 4 4 4 4 #cgf  
,navajo ,fabrics 444444#cgg  ,! ,gr&    
,canyon 444444#cgh  ,a ,gable )         
,p9nacles 4444#cha  ,ni*es or ,panels 9 
! ,r$ ,wall ,lime/one 4#chb  ,b\nd$     
,inw>d ,curves & ,project+ ,cusps ( !   
,walls 444#chd  ,! ,ea/]n ,temple       
444444#chg  ,! ,we/]n ,temple 44444#chh 
,granite ,falls1 ,kaibab ,division1 ,gr&
 ,canyon 4 4 #cia  ,dikes 9 ! ,canyon   
,wall 4444#cib  ,p9nacles ( ! ,kaibab   
44444#cie  ,vi%nu's ,temple 444444#cif  
,key to ! ,panorama f ,po9t ,sublime1   
look+ ,ea/1 betwe5 #cif & 444#cig  ,key 
to ! ,panorama f ,po9t ,sublime1 look+  
,we/1 betwe5 444#cif & 444#cig  ,key to 
! ,panorama f ,po9t ,sublime1 look+     

,s\?1 betwe5 444#cif & 444#cig  ,gr&    
,canyon at ! ,foot ( ! ,tor[eap1 look+  
,ea/1 betwe5 444#cif & 444#cig  ,!      
,great ,uncon=mity at ! ,head ( ! ,gr&  
,canyon1 betwe5 444#cif & 444#cig  #af  
p[ell-canyons-#a4;jpg  ,,! ,,colorado   
,,riv]4  #ag  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!         
,,colorado4  ,,*apt] ,i4  ,,! ,,valley  
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ,,! ,colorado ,riv]
 is =m$ by ! junction ( ! ,gr& & ,gre54 
,! ,gr& ,riv] has its s\rce 9 ! ,rocky  
,m\nta9s1 five or six miles we/ (       
,long's ,peak4 ,a gr\p ( little alp9e   
lakes1 t receive _! wat]s directly f    
p]petual sn[banks1 dis*>ge into a common
 res]voir kn[n z ,gr& ,lake1 a beautiful
 %eet ( wat]4 ,its quiet surface        
reflects t[]+ cliffs & crags ( granite  
on its ea/]n %ore1 & /ately p9es & firs 
/& on its we/]n m>g94  ,! ,gre5 ,riv]   
heads ne> ,fremont's ,peak1 9 ! ,w9d    
,riv] ,m\nta9s4 ,?is riv]1 l ! ,gr&1 has
 its s\rces 9 alp9e lakes f$ by ev]la/+ 
sn[s4 ,?\s&s ( ^! little lakes1 ) deep1 
cold1 em]ald wat]s1 are embosom$ among !

 crags ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,^! /reams1 
born 9 ! cold1 gloomy solitudes ( ! upp]
 m\nta9 region1 h a /range1 ev5tful     
hi/ory z !y pass d[n ?r\gh gorges1      
tumbl+ 9 cascades & cat>acts1 until !y  
rea* ! hot1 arid pla9s ( ! ,l[]         
,colorado1 :]e ! wat]s t 7 s cle> above 
empty z turbid floods into ! ,gulf (    
,cali=nia4  ,! m\? ( ! ,colorado is 9   
latitude #ca degrees #ec m9utes &       
longitude #aae degrees4 ,! s\rce ( !    
,gr& ,riv] is 9 latitude #dj degrees    
#ag' & longitude #aje degrees #dc'      
approximately4 ,! s\rce ( ! ,gre5 ,riv] 
is 9 latitude #dc degrees #ae' &        
longitude #aji degrees #ed'             
approximately4  ,! ,gre5 ,riv] is l>g]  
?an ! ,gr& & is ! upp] cont9uation ( !  
,colorado4 ,includ+ ?is riv]1 ! :ole    
l5g? (  #ah  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!          
,,colorado4 p[ell-canyons-#b4;jpg       
,,pa-,r-,,nu-,,weap ,,canyon4  ! /ream  
is ab\t #b1jjj miles4 ,! region ( c\ntry
 dra9$ by ! ,colorado & its tribut>ies  
is ab\t #hjj miles 9 l5g? & v>ies f #cjj

 to #ejj miles 9 wid?1 conta9+ ab\t     
#cjj1jjj squ>e miles1 an area l>g] ?an  
all ! ,new ,engl& & ,middle ,/ates )    
,m>yl&1 ,virg9ia & ,we/ ,virg9ia add$1  
or ne>ly z l>ge z ,m9nesota1 ,wiscons91 
,i[a1 ,ill9ois1 & ,miss\ri comb9$4  ,!re
 are two di/9ct portions ( ! bas9 ( !   
,colorado1 a des]t portion bel[ & a     
plateau portion above4 ,! l[] ?ird1 or  
des]t portion ( ! bas91 is b little     
above ! level ( ! sea1 ?\gh "h & !re    
ranges ( m\n-  ,,! ,,valley ,,( ,,!     
,,colorado4  #ai  ta9s rise to an       
altitude ( f #b1jjj to #f1jjj feet4 ,?is
 "p ( ! valley is b\nd$ on ! nor!a/ by a
 l9e ( cliffs1 :i* pres5t a bold1 (t5   
v]tical /ep1 hundr$s or ?\s&s ( feet to 
! table-l&s above4 ,on ! ,cali=nia side 
a va/ des]t /ret*es we/w>d1 pa/ ! head (
 ! ,gulf ( ,cali=nia1 ne>ly to ! %ore ( 
! ,pacific4 ,betwe5 ! des]t & ! sea a   
n>r[ belt ( valley1 hill1 & m\nta9 (    
wond]ful beauty is f\nd4 ,ov] ?is coa/al
 zone !re falls a balm di/ill$ f ! great
 ocean1 z g5tle %[]s & refre%+ dews ba! 

! l&4 ,:5 ra9s come ! em]ald hills laugh
 ) delight z b\rgeon+ bloom is spread 9 
! sunlight4 ,:5 ! ra9s h ceas$ all !    
v]dure turns to gold4 ,!n sl[ly ! hills 
are br9d$ p[ell-canyons-#c4;jpg         
,,bird',s-,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,cliffs4
  until ! ra9s come aga91 :5 v]dure &   
bloom aga9 pe] ?r\gh ! tawny wreck ( !  
la/ ye>'s gre5]y4 ,nor? ( ! ,gulf (     
,cali=nia ! des]t is kn[n z ,coahuila   
,valley1 ! mo/ desolate region on !     
cont95t4 ,at "o "t 9 ! geologic hi/ory (
 ?is c\ntry ! ,gulf ( ,cali=nia ext5d$ a
 long di/ance f>!r to ! nor?we/1 above !
 po9t :]e ! ,colorado ,riv] n[ ent]s x2 
b ?is /ream br\ght its mud f ! m\nta9s &
 ! hills above & p\r$ x into ! gulf &   
gradually erect$ a va/ dam across x1    
until ! wat]s above 7 sep>at$ f ! wat]s 
bel[2 !n ! ,colorado cut a *annel into !
 l[] gulf4 ,! upp] wat]s1 be+ cut (f f !
 sea1 gradually evaporat$1 & :at is kn[n
 z ,coahuila ,valley 0 ! bottom ( ?is   
anci5t upp] gulf1  #bj ,,canyons ,,( ,,!
 ,,colorado4  & ?us ! l& is n[ bel[ !   

level ( ! sea4 ,betwe5 ,coahuila ,valley
 & ! riv] !re are _m l[1 a%5-gray       
m\nta9s /&+ 9 %ort ranges4 ,! ra9fall is
 s little t no p]5nial /reams are =m$4  
,:5 a great ra9 comes x wa%es ! m\nta9  
sides & ga!rs on its way a deluge ( s&1 
:i* x spreads ov] ! pla9 bel[1 = !      
/reams d n c>ry ! s$im5t to ! sea4 ,s ! 
m\nta9s are wa%$ d[n & ! valleys are    
fill$4 ,on ! ,arizona side ( ! riv]     
des]t pla9s are int]rupt$ by des]t      
m\nta9s4 ,f> to ! ea/w>d ! c\ntry rises 
until ! ,si]ra ,madre are rea*$ 9 ,new  
,mexico1 :]e ^! m\nta9s divide ! wat]s (
 ! ,colorado f ! ,rio ,gr&e del ,norte4 
,"h 9 ,new ,mexico ! ,gila ,riv] has its
 s\rce4 ,"s ( its tribut>ies rise 9 !   
m\nta9s to ! s\?1 9 ! t]ritory belong+  
to ! republic ( ,mexico1 b ! ,gila ga!rs
 ! great] "p ( its wat]s f a great      
plateau on ! nor!a/4 ,its s\rces are    
ev]y:]e 9 p9e-clad m\nta9s & plateaus1 b
 all ( ! afflu5ts quickly desc5d into ! 
des]t valley bel[1 ?r\gh :i* ! ,gila    
w9ds its way we/w>d to ! ,colorado4 ,9  

times ( cont9u$ dr\ght ! b$ ( ! ,gila is
 dry1 b ! region is subject to great &  
viol5t /orms1 & floods roll d[n f !     
heights ) m>vel\s precipitation1 c>ry+  
deva/ation on _! way4 ,:]e ! ,colorado  
,riv] =ms ! b\nd>y betwe5 ,cali=nia &   
,arizona x cuts ?r\gh a numb] ( volcanic
 rocks by black1 yawn+ canyons4 ,betwe5 
^! canyons ! riv] has a l[ b r n>r[     
flood pla91 ) cottonwood groves scatt]$ 
"h & !re1 & a *ap>ral ( mesquite be>+   
beans & ?orns4 ,f\r hundr$ miles above  
its m\? & m ?an two hundr$ miles above !
 ,gila1 ! ,colorado has a second        
tribut>y--,bill ,williams' ,riv] x is   
call$ by excessive c\rtesy4 ,x is b a   
muddy creek4 ,two hundr$ miles above ?is
 ! ,rio ,virg5 jo9s ! ,colorado4 ,?is   
riv] heads 9 ! ,m>kagunt ,plateau & !   
,p9e ,valley ,m\nta9s ( ,utah4 ,its     
s\rces are #g1jjj or #h1jjj feet above !
 sea1 b f ! beautiful c\rse ( ! upp]    
region x soon drops into a great s&y    
valley bel[ & becomes a riv] ( fl[+ s&4 
,at ord9>y /ages x is v wide b v %all[1 

rippl+ ov] ! quicks&s 9 tawny waves4 ,on
 its way x cuts ?r\gh ! ,beav] ,m\nta9s 
by a weird canyon4 ,on ei!r side        
grease-wood pla9s /ret* f> away1        
int]rupt$ "h & !re by bad-l& hills4  #ba
 p[ell-canyons-#d4;jpg  ,,san           
,,francisco ,,peak4  #bb  ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  ,! region ( c\ntry ly+ 
on ei!r side ( ! ,colorado = six hundr$ 
miles ( its c\rse above ! gulf1 /ret*+  
to ,coahuila ,valley bel[ on ! we/ & to 
! highl&s :]e ! ,gila heads on ! ea/1 is
 "o ( s+ul> *>act]i/ics4 ,! pla9s &     
valleys are l[1 arid1 hot1 & nak$1 & !  
volcanic m\nta9s scatt]$ "h & !re are   
lone & desolate4 ,dur+ ! long mon?s !   
sun p\rs its heat ^u ! rocks & s&s1     
untemp]$ by cl\ds above or =e/ %ades    
b5ea?4 ,! spr+s are s few 9 numb] t _!  
names are h\sehold words 9 e ,indian    
ran*]ia & e #bc p[ell-canyons-#e4;jpg   
,,cliff ,,ne> ,,=t ,,w+ate4  settl]'s   
home2 & !re are no brooks1 no creeks1 & 
no riv]s b ! trunk ( ! ,colorado & !    
trunk ( ! ,gila4 ,! few plants are      

/rang]s to ! dwell]s 9 ! temp]ate zone4 
,on ! m\nta9s a few junip]s & pions are 
f\nd1 & cactuses1 agave1 & yuccas1 l[1  
fle%y plants ) bayonets & ?orns4 ,!     
l&scape ( vegetal life is weird--no     
=e/s1 no mead[s1 no gre5 hills1 no      
foliage1 b clublike /ems ( plants arm$ )
 /ilettos4 ,_m ( ! plants be> gorge\s   
fl[]s4 ,! birds are few1 b (t5 ( ri*    
plumage4 ,hood$ rattlesnakes1 horn$     
toads1 & liz>ds crawl 9 ! du/ & among ! 
rocks4 ,"o ( ^! liz>ds1 ! ,gila mon/]1  
is  #bc p[ell-canyons-#f4;jpg  ,,sc5]y  
,,on ,,! ,,high ,,plateaus4  #bd        
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  poison\s4
 ,r>ely antelopes are se51 b wolves1    
rabbits1 & sundry gr\nd squirrels ab\nd4
  ,! des]t valley ( ! ,colorado1 :i* has
 be5 describ$ z di/9ct f ! plateau      
region above1 is ! home ( _m ,indian    
tribes4 ,away up at ! s\rces ( ! ,gila1 
:]e ! p9es & c$>s /& & :]e creeks &     
valleys are f\nd1 is a "p ( ! ,apa*e l&4
 ,^! tribes ext5d f> s\? into ! republic
 ( ,mexico4 ,! ,apa*es are intrud]s 9   

?is c\ntry1 hav+ at "s "t1 p]haps _m    
c5turies ago1 migrat$ f ,briti% ,am]ica4
 ,!y speak an ,a?apascan language4 ,!   
,apa*es & ,navajos are ! ,am]ican       
,b$\9s4 ,on _! way f ! f> ,nor? !y left 
sev]al colonies 9 ,wa%+ton1 ,oregon1 &  
,cali=nia4 ,!y came to ! c\ntry on foot1
 b s9ce ! ,spani% invasion !y h become  
skill$ horsem54 ,!y are wily w>riors &  
implacable enemies1 fe>$ by all o!r     
tribes4 ,!y are hunt]s1 w>riors1 &      
prie/s1 ^! pr(essions n yet be+         
diff]5tiat$4 ,! cliffs ( ! region h _m  
caves1 9 :i* ^! p p]=m _! religi\s      
rites4 ,! ,si]ra ,madre =m]ly support$  
abundant game1 & ! little ,sonora de] 0 
common4 ,be>s & m\nta9 lions 7 once f\nd
 9 great numb]s1 & !y put ! c\rage &    
pr[ess ( ! ,apa*es to a sev]e te/4 ,huge
 rattlesnakes are common1 & !           
rattlesnake god is "o ( ! deities ( !   
tribes4  ,9 ! valley ( ! ,gila & on its 
tribut>ies f ! nor!a/ are ! ,pimas1     
,m>icopas1 & ,papagos4 ,!y are skill$   
agriculturi/s1 cultivat+ l&s by         

irrigation4 ,9 ! same region _m ru9$    
villages are f\nd4 ,! dwell+s ( ^! t[ns 
9 ! valley 7 built *iefly ( gr\t1 & !   
fragm5ts ( ! anci5t pueblos /ill rema9+ 
h /ood ?r\gh c5turies ( /orm4 ,o!r      
pueblos ne> ! cliffs on ! nor!a/ 7 built
 ( /one4 ,! p :o occupi$ !m cultivat$ ! 
soil by irrigation1 & _! hydraulic works
 7 on an ext5sive scale4 ,!y built      
canals scores ( miles 9 l5g? & built    
res]voirs to /ore wat]4 ,!y 7 skill$    
work]s 9 pott]y4 ,f ! fib]s ( "s ( !    
des]t plants !y made fabrics ) :i* to   
clo! !mselves1 & !y cultivat$ cotton4   
,!y 7 deft arti/s 9 picture-writ+s1 :i* 
!y et*$ on ! rocks4 ,_m int]e/+ ve/iges 
( _! anci5t art rema91 te/ify+ to _!    
skill z savage  #be                     
p[ell-canyons-#g4;jpg  ,,! ,,mogollon   
,,esc>pm5t4  #bf p[ell-canyons-#h4;jpg  
,,sn[-,,clad ,,m\nta9s ,,on ,,! ,,riv]4 
,,! ,,valley ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4 #bg    
artisans4 ,x seems probable t ! ,pimas1 
,m>icopas1 & ,papagos are ! same p :o   
built ! pueblos & con/ruct$ ! irrigation

 works2 s _! traditions /ate4 ,x is also
 h&$ d[n t ! pueblos 7 de/roy$ 9 w>s ) !
 ,apa*es4 ,9 ^! groves ( ! flood pla9 ( 
! ,colorado ! ,mojave & ,yuma ,indians  
once _h _! homes4 ,!y caught fi% f !    
riv] & sn>$ a few rabbits 9 ! des]t1 b  
liv$ ma9ly on mesquite beans1 ! he>ts ( 
yucca plants1 & ! fruits ( ! cactus4 ,!y
 also ga!r$ a h>ve/ f ! riv] re$s4 ,to  
"s slight ext5t !y cultivat$ ! soil by  
rude irrigation & rais$ corn & squa%es4 
,!y liv$ almo/ nak$1 = ! climate is w>m 
& dry4 ,sometimes a ye> passes )\t a    
drop ( ra94 ,/ill f>!r to ! nor? !      
,*emehuevas liv$1 p>tly along ! riv] &  
p>tly 9 ! m\nta9s to ! we/1 :]e a few   
spr+s are f\nd4 ,!y belong to ! great   
,%o%onian family4 ,on ! ,rio ,virg5 & 9 
! m\nta9s r\nd ab\t1 a conf$]acy (      
tribes speak+ ! ,ute language & belong+ 
to ! ,%o%onian family h _! homes4 ,^! p 
built _! %elt]+ homes ( b\ghs & ! ba/ ( 
! junip]4 ,9 su* %elt]s1 !y liv$ 9 w9t]1
 b 9 summ] !y erect$ ext5sive boo?s (   
poles & will[s1 sometimes l>ge en\gh = !

 accommodation ( a tribe ( #ajj or #bjj 
p]sons4 ,a wide gap 9 culture sep>ates !
 ,pimas1 ,m>icopas1 & ,papagos f !      
,*emehuevas4 ,! fir/ 7 among ! mo/      
advanc$ tribes f\nd 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 !
 la/ 7 among ! v l[e/2 !y are ! orig9al 
,digg] ,indians1 call$ s by all ! o!r   
tribes1 b ! "n has gradually spread     
beyond its orig9al d5otation to _m      
tribes ( ,utah1 ,nevada1 & ,cali=nia4   
,! l[ des]t1 ) its desolate m\nta9s1 :i*
 has ?us be5 describ$ is pla9ly sep>at$ 
f ! upp] region ( plateau by ! ,mogollon
 ,esc>pm5t1 :i*1 beg9n+ 9 ! ,si]ra      
,madre ( ,new ,mexico1 ext5ds nor?we/w>d
 across ! ,colorado f> into ,utah1 :]e x
 ends on ! m>g9 ( ! ,great ,bas94 ,!    
rise by ?is esc>pm5t v>ies f #c1jjj to m
 ?an #d1jjj feet4 ,! /ep f ! l[l&s to ! 
highl&s :i* is "h call$ ! ,mogollon     
,esc>pm5t is n a simple l9e ( cliffs1 b 
is a complicat$ & irregul> facade       
pres5t$ to ! s\?we/4 ,its diff]5t       
portions h be5 nam$ by ! p liv+ bel[ z  
di/9ct m\nta9s1 z ,%iwits ,m\nta9s1     

,mogollon  #bh  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!       
,,colorado4  ,m\nta9s1 ,pial ,m\nta9s1  
,si]ra ,calitro1 etc41 b !y all rise to 
! summit ( ! same great plateau region4 
,! upp] region1 ext5d+ to ! headwat]s ( 
! ,gr& & ,gre5 ,riv]s1 con/itutes !     
great ,plateau ,prov9ce4 ,^! plateaus   
are dra9$ by ! ,colorado ,riv] & its    
tribut>ies2 ! ea/]n &                   
p[ell-canyons-#i4;jpg  ,,our ,,mess5g]4 
s\!rn m>g9 by ! ,rio ,gr&e & its        
tribut>ies1 & ! we/]n by /reams t fl[   
into ! ,great ,bas9 & are lo/ 9 ! ,great
 ,salt ,lake & o!r bodies ( wat] t h no 
dra9age to ! sea4 ,! g5]al surface ( ?is
 upp] region is f #e1jjj to #h1jjj feet 
above sea level1 ?\gh ! *annels ( !     
/reams are cut mu* l[]4  ,,! ,,valley   
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4 #bi  ,?is high      
region1 on ! ea/1 nor?1 & we/1 is set ) 
ranges ( sn[-clad m\nta9s atta9+ an     
altitude above ! sea v>y+ f #h1jjj to   
#ad1jjj feet4 ,all w9t] long sn[ falls  
on its m\nta9-cre/$ rim1 fill+ ! gorges1
 half bury+ ! =e/s1 & cov]+ ! crags &   

peaks ) a mantle wov5 by ! w9ds f !     
waves ( ! sea4 ,:5 ! summ] sun comes ?is
 sn[ melts & tumbles d[n ! m\nta9 sides 
9 millions ( cascades4 ,a million       
cascade brooks unite to =m a ?\s& torr5t
 creeks2 a ?\s& torr5t creeks unite to  
=m half a hundr$ riv]s beset ) cat>acts2
 half a hundr$ ro>+ riv]s unite to =m ! 
,colorado1 :i* rolls1 a mad1 turbid     
/ream1 into ! ,gulf ( ,cali=nia4        
,consid] ! action ( "o ( ^! /reams4 ,its
 s\rce is 9 ! m\nta9s1 :]e ! sn[s fall2 
its c\rse1 ?r\gh ! arid pla9s4 ,n[1 if  
at ! riv]'s flood /orms 7 fall+ on !    
pla9s1 its *annel w\ld be cut b little  
fa/] ?an ! adjac5t c\ntry w\ld be wa%$1 
& ! g5]al level w\ld ?us be pres]v$2 b  
"u ! conditions "h m5tion$1 ! riv]4     
cont9ually deep5s its b$s2 s all !      
/reams cut deep] & /ill deep]1 until _! 
banks are t[]+ cliffs ( solid rock4 ,^! 
deep1 n>r[ gorges are call$ canyons4  ,=
 m ?an a ?\s& miles along its c\rse !   
,colorado has cut = itself su* a canyon2
 b at "s few po9ts :]e lat]al /reams jo9

 x ! canyon is brok51 & ^! n>r[1        
transv]se valleys divide x into a s]ies 
( canyons4  ,! ,virg51 ,kanab1 ,p>ia1   
,escalante1 ,fremont1 ,san ,rafael1     
,price1 & ,u9ta on ! we/1 ! ,gr&1 ,:ite1
 ,yampa1 ,san ,juan1 & ,colorado        
,*iquito on ! ea/1 h also cut = !mselves
 su* n>r[ w9d+ gorges1 or deep canyons4 
,e riv] ent]+ ^! has cut ano!r canyon2 e
 lat]al creek has cut a canyon2 e brook 
runs 9 a canyon2 e rill born ( a %[] &  
born aga9 ( a %[] & liv+ only dur+ ^!   
%[]s has cut = itself a canyon2 s t     
p[ell-canyons-#aj4;jpg  ,,apa*e ,,basket
  #cj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ! 
:ole upp] portion ( ! bas9 ( ! ,colorado
 is trav]s$ by a labyr9? ( ^! deep      
gorges4  ,ow+ to a great v>iety (       
geological conditions1 ^! canyons diff] 
mu* 9 g5]al aspect4 ,! ,rio ,virg51     
betwe5 ,long ,valley & ! ,mormon t[n (  
,rockville1 runs ?r\gh ,p>unuweap ,c-   
#ca p[ell-canyons-#aa4;jpg  ,,our       
,,mess5g]',s ,,wife4  yon1 :i* is (t5 n 
m ?an #bj or #cj feet 9 wid? & is f #fjj

 to #a1ejj feet deep4 ,away to ! nor? ! 
,yampa empties into ! ,gre5 by a canyon 
t ,i essay$ to cross 9 ! fall ( #ahfh1 b
 0 baffl$ f day to day1 & ! f\r? day _h 
ne>ly pass$ be=e ,i c\ld f9d my way d[n 
to ! riv]4 ,b ?irty miles above its m\? 
?is canyon ends1 & a n>r[ valley ) a    
flood pla9  #ca p[ell-canyons-#ab4;jpg  
,,ru9s ,,( ,,toyalone4  #cb ,,canyons   
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  is f\nd4 ,/ill f>!r
 up ! /ream ! riv] comes d[n ?r\gh ano!r
 canyon1 & beyond t a n>r[ valley is    
f\nd1 & its upp] c\rse is n[ ?r\gh a    
canyon & n[ ?r\gh a valley4 ,all ^!     
canyons are alike *angeable 9 _!        
topographic *>act]i/ics4  ,! longe/     
canyon ?r\gh :i* ! ,colorado runs is t  
betwe5 ! m\? ( ! ,colorado ,*iquito & ! 
,gr& ,wa%1 a di/ance ( #bag #a_/b miles4
 ,b ?is is sep>at$ f ano!r above1 #fe   
#a_/b miles 9 l5g?1 only by ! n>r[      
canyon valley ( ! ,colorado ,*iquito4   
,all ! sc5ic features ( ?is canyon l&   
are on a giant scale1 /range & weird4 ,!
 /reams run at dep?s almo/ inaccessible1

 la%+ ! rocks :i* beset _! *annels1     
roll+ 9 rapids & plung+ 9 falls1 & mak+ 
a wild music :i* b adds to ! gloom ( !  
solitude4 ,! little valleys ne/l+ along 
! /reams are div]sifi$ by bord]+ will[s1
 clumps ( box eld]1 & small groves (    
cottonwood4  ,l[ mesas1 dry1 treeless1  
/ret* back f ! br9k ( ! canyon1 (t5 %[+ 
smoo? surfaces ( nak$1 solid rock4 ,9 "s
 places ! c\ntry rock is compos$ ( m>ls1
 & "h ! surface is a b$ ( loose1        
dis9tegrat$ mat]ial ?r\gh :i* "o walks z
 9 a b$ ( a%es4 ,(t5 ^! m>ls are ri*ly  
color$ & v>iegat$4 ,9 o!r places !      
c\ntry rock is a loose s&/one1 !        
dis9tegration ( :i* has left broad      
/ret*es ( drift+ s&1 :ite1 gold51 &     
v]milion4 ,:]e ?is s&/one is a          
conglom]ate1 a pav+ ( pebbles has be5   
left1--a mosaic ( _m colors1 poli%$ by !
 drift+ s&s & gli/5+ 9 ! sunlight4      
,aft] ! canyons1 ! mo/ rem>kable        
features ( ! c\ntry are ! long l9es (   
cliffs4 ,^! are bold esc>pm5ts scores or
 hundr$s ( miles 9 l5g?1--great         

geographic /eps1 (t5 hundr$s or ?\s&s ( 
feet 9 altitude1 pres5t+ /eep faces (   
rock1 (t5 v]tical4 ,hav+ climb$ "o ( ^! 
/eps1 y may desc5d by a g5tle1 sometimes
 imp]ceptible1 slope to ! foot ( ano!r4 
,!y ?us pres5t a s]ies ( t]races1 ! /eps
 ( :i* are well-def9$ esc>pm5ts ( rock4 
,! lat]al ext5sion ( su* a l9e ( cliffs 
is usually v irregul>2 %>p sali5ts are  
project$ on ! pla9s bel[1 & deep        
recesses are cut into ! t]races above4  
,int]mitt5t /reams com+  #cc            
p[ell-canyons-#ac4;jpg  ,a ,,zu,i       
,,c\rt4  #cd p[ell-canyons-#ad4;jpg     
,,adobe ,,*ur*--,,zu,i4  ,,! ,,valley   
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4 #ce  d[n ! cliffs h 
cut _m canyons or canyon valleys1 by :i*
 ! travel] may pass f ! pla9 bel[ to !  
t]race above4 ,by ^! gigantic /airways  
he may asc5d to high plateaus1 cov]$ )  
=e/s ( p9e & fir4  ,! region is fur!r   
div]sifi$ by %ort ranges ( eruptive     
m\nta9s4 ,a va/ sy/em ( fissures--huge  
cracks 9 ! rocks to ! dep?s bel[--ext5ds
 across ! c\ntry4 ,f ^! crevices floods 

( lava h p\r$1 cov]+ mesas & table-l&s )
 %eets ( black basalt4 ,! expir+ en]gies
 ( ^! volcanic ag5cies h pil$ up huge   
c9d] cones t /& along ! fissures1 r$1   
br[n1 & black1 nak$ ( vegetation1 &     
conspicu\s l&m>ks1 set z !y are 9       
contra/ to ! bright1 v>iegat$ rocks (   
s$im5t>y orig94  #cf ,^! canyon gorges1 
ob/ruct+ cliffs1 & des]t wa/es h prev5t$
 ! travel] f p5etrat+ ! c\ntry1 s t     
until ! ,colorado ,riv] ,explor+        
,exp$ition 0 organiz$ x 0 almo/ unkn[n4 
,9 ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! c\ntry ,spani%     
adv5tur]s p5etrat$ ! region & told      
m>vel\s /ories ( its wond]s4 ,x 0 also  
trav]s$ by prie/s :o s\ght to conv]t !  
,indian tribes to ,*ri/ianity4 ,9 lat]  
days1 s9ce ! region has be5 "u ! control
 ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 v>i\s gov]nm5t      
exp$itions h p5etrat$ ! l&4 ,yet en\gh  
_h be5 se5 9 ! e>li] days to fom5t      
rumor1 & _m wond]ful /ories 7 told 9 !  
hunt]'s cab9 & ! prospector's           
camp--/ories ( p>ties ent]+ ! gorge 9   
boats & be+ c>ri$ d[n ) fe>ful velocity 

into :irlpools :]e all 7 ov]:elm$ 9 !   
abyss ( wat]s1 & /ories ( und]gr\nd     
passages = ! great riv] into :i* boats  
_h pass$ nev] to be se5 aga94 ,x 0      
curr5tly believ$ t ! riv] 0 lo/ "u !    
rocks = sev]al hundr$ miles4 ,!re 7 o!r 
acc\nts ( great falls ^: ro>+ music c\ld
 be he>d on ! di/ant m\nta9 summits2 &  
!re 7 /ories curr5t ( p>ties w&]+ on !  
br9k ( ! canyon & va9ly endeavor+ to    
rea* ! wat]s bel[1 & p]i%+ ) ?ir/ at la/
 9 sight ( ! riv] :i* 0 ro>+ its mock]y 
into _! dy+ e>s4  ,! ,indians1 too1 h   
wov5 ! my/]ies ( ! canyons into ! my?s (
 _! religion4 ,long ago !re 0 a great & 
wise *ief :o m\rn$ ! dea? ( 8 wife &    
w\ld n be com=t$1  #cf                  
p[ell-canyons-#ae4;jpg  ,,! ,,site ,,(  
,,mo5kopi4  ,,! ,,valley ,,( ,,!        
,,colorado4  #cg  until ,tavwoats1 "o ( 
! ,indian gods1 came to him & told him 8
 wife 0 9 a happi] l&1 & (f]$ to take   
him !re t he might see = himself1 if1 ^u
 8 return1 he w\ld cease to m\rn4 ,!    
great *ief promis$4 ,!n ,tavwoats made a

 trail ?r\gh ! m\nta9s t int]v5e betwe5 
t beautiful l&1 ! balmy region ( ! great
 we/1 & ?is1 ! des]t home ( ! poor      
,numa4 ,?is trail 0 ! canyon gorge ( !  
,colorado4 ,?r\gh x he l$ him2 & :5 !y  
_h return$ ! deity exact$ f ! *ief a    
promise t he w\ld tell no "o ( ! trail4 
,!n he roll$ a riv] into ! gorge1 a mad1
 rag+ /ream1 t %\ld engulf any t might  
attempt to ent] !reby4  #ch             
p[ell-canyons-#af4;jpg  ,,m\nta9 ,,( ,,!
 ,,holy ,,cross4  #ci  ,,*apt] ,,ii4    
,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4  ,,f ! ,gr&       
,canyon ( ! ,colorado a great plateau   
ext5ds s\!a/w>d ?r\gh ,arizona ne>ly to 
! l9e ( ,new ,mexico1 :]e ?is elevat$ l&
 m]ges into ! ,si]ra ,madre4 ,! g5]al   
surface ( ?is plateau is f #f1jjj to    
#h1jjj feet above ! level ( ! sea4 ,x is
 %>ply def9$ f ! l[l&s ( ,arizona by !  
,mogollon ,esc>pm5t4 ,on ! nor!a/ x     
gradually falls (f into ! valley ( !    
,little ,colorado1 & on ! nor? x        
t]m9ates abruptly 9 ! ,gr& ,canyon4     
,v>i\s tribut>ies ( ! ,gila h _! s\rces 

9 ?is esc>pm5t1 & be=e ent]+ ! desolate 
valley bel[ !y run 9 beautiful canyons  
:i* !y h c>v$ = !mselves 9 ! m>g9 ( !   
plateau4 ,sometimes ^! canyons are 9 !  
s&/ones & lime/ones :i* con/itute !     
plat=m ( ! great elevat$ region call$ ! 
,san ,francisco ,plateau4 ,! esc>pm5t is
 caus$ by a fault1 ! great block ( !    
upp] side be+ lift$ sev]al ?\s& feet    
above ! valley region4 ,?r\gh ! fissure 
lavas p\r$ out1 & 9 _m places ! esc>pm5t
 is conceal$ by %eets ( lava4 ,! canyons
 9 ^! lava b$s are (t5 ( great int]e/4  
,on ! plateau a numb] ( volcanic m\nta9s
 are f\nd1 & black c9d] cones are       
scatt]$ 9 pr(usion4 ,?r\gh ! =e/ l&s are
 _m beautiful prairies & glades t 9     
midsumm] are deck$ ) gorge\s wild fl[]s4
 ,! ra9s ( ! region give s\rce to few   
p]5nial /reams1 b int]mitt5t /reams h   
c>v$ deep gorges 9 ! plateau1 s t x is  
divid$ into _m blocks4 ,! upp] surface1 
al?\gh =e/-clad & cov]$ ) beautiful     
grasses1 is almo/ de/itute ( wat]4 ,a   
few spr+s are f\nd1 b !y are f> ap>t1 & 

"s ( ! volcanic crat]s hold lakelets4 ,!
 lime/one & basaltic rocks sometimes    
hold pools ( wat]2 & :]e ! bas9s  #dj   
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  are deep 
! wat]s are p]5nial4 ,su* pools are kn[n
 z wat] pockets4  ,?is is ! great timb] 
region ( ,arizona4 ,n _m ye>s ago x 0 a 
va/ p>k = elk1 de]1 & antelope1 & be>s &
 m\nta9 lions 7 abundant4 ,?is is ! la/ 
home ( ! wild turkey 9 !                
p[ell-canyons-#ag4;jpg  ,,w+ate ,,cliff4
  ,unit$ ,/ates1 = !y are /ill f\nd "h 9
 great numb]s4 ,san ,francisco ,peak is 
! highe/ ( ^! volcanic m\nta9s1 & ab\t x
 are gr\p$ 9 an irregul> way _m volcanic
 cones1 "o ( :i* pres5ts "s rem>kable   
*>act]i/ics4 ,a portion ( ! cone is (   
bright r$di% c9d]s1 :ile ! adjac5t rocks
 are ( black basalt4 ,! contra/ 9 !     
colors is s great t on view+ ! m\nta9 f 
a di/ance ! r$ c9d]s seem to be on fire4
 ,f ?is circum/ance ! cone has be5 nam$ 
,sunset ,peak4 ,:5 di/ant f x t5 or     
tw5ty miles x is h>d to believe t !     
effect is produc$ by contra/+ colors1 = 

! peak seems to gl[ ) a light ( its own4
  ,9 c5turies pa/ ! ,san ,francisco     
,plateau 0 ! home ( pueblo-build+       
tribes1 & ! ru9s ( _! habitations are   
widely scatt]$ ov] ?is elevat$ region4  
,?\s&s ( little dwell+s are f\nd1       
usually built ( blocks ( basalt4 ,9 "s  
cases !y 7 clu/]$ 9 little t[ns1 & ?ree 
( ^! des]ve fur!r m5tion4  ,,mesas ,,&  
,,buttes4  #da  ,a few miles s\? ( ,san 
,francisco ,peak !re is an int]mitt5t   
/ream kn[n z ,walnut ,creek4 ,?is /ream 
runs 9 a deep gorge #fjj to #hjj feet   
bel[ ! g5]al surface4 ,! /ream has cut  
its way ?r\gh ! lime/one & ?r\gh s]ies (
 s&/ones1 & bold walls ( rock are       
pres5t$ on ei!r side4 ,9 "s places !    
s(t] s&/ones ly+ betwe5 ! h>d] lime/ones
 & s&/ones h yield$ to wea!r+ ag5cies1 s
 t !re are caves runn+ along ! face ( ! 
wall1 sometimes = hundr$s or ?\s&s (    
feet1 b n v deep4 ,^! natural %elves 9 !
 rock 7 utiliz$ by an anci5t tribe (    
,indians = _! homes4 ,!y built /airways 
to ! wat]s bel[ & to ! hunt+ gr\nds     

above1 & liv$ 9 ! caves4 ,!y wall$ !    
fronts ( ! caves ) rock1 :i* !y cov]$ ) 
pla/]1 & divid$ !m into comp>tm5ts or   
rooms2 & n[ _m hundr$s ( ^! dwell+s are 
f\nd4 ,su* is ! cliff village (         
p[ell-canyons-#ah4;jpg  ,,pyramid       
,,butte ,,ne> ,,=t ,,w+ate4  ,walnut    
,canyon4 ,9 ! ru9s ( ^! cliff h\ses     
mort>s & pe/les are f\nd 9 great        
pr(usion1 & :5 fir/ discov]$ _m articles
 ( pott]y 7 f\nd1 & /ill _m pot%]ds are 
se54 ,! p 7  #db  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!     
,,colorado4  v skillful 9 ! manufacture 
( /one implem5ts1 especially spe>s1     
knives1 & arr[s4  ,ea/ ( ,san ,francisco
 ,peak !re is ano!r l[ volcanic cone1   
compos$ ( a%es :i* h be5 slightly cem5t$
 by ! processes ( "t1 b :i* c be work$ )
 great ease4 ,on ?is cone ano!r tribe ( 
,indians made its village1 & = ! purpose
 !y sunk %afts into ! easily work$ b    
p>tially consolidat$ a%es1 & aft]       
p5etrat+ f ! surface ?ree or f\r feet !y
 enl>g$ ! *amb]s s z to make !m t5 or   
twelve feet 9 diamet]4 ,9 su* a *amb] !y

 made a little fireplace1 its *imney    
runn+ up on "o side ( !                 
p[ell-canyons-#ai4;jpg  ,,zu,i ,,cliffs4
  wellhole by :i* ! *amb] 0 ent]$4 ,(t5 
!y excavat$ small] *amb]s connect$ ) !  
l>g]1 s t sometimes two1 ?ree1 f\r1 or  
ev5 five small] connect+ *amb]s are     
gr\p$ ab\t a l>ge c5tral room4 ,! arts (
 ^! p resembl$ ^? ( ! p :o dwelt 9      
,walnut ,canyon4 ,"o ?+ m is wor?y (    
special notice4 ,on ! v top ( ! cone !y 
cle>$ (f a space = a c\rty>d1 or        
assembly squ>e1 & ab\t x !y erect$      
boo?s1 &  ,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4  #dc  )9
 ! squ>e a space ( gr\nd 0 prep>$ ) a   
smoo? floor1 on :i* !y p]=m$ ! c]emonies
 ( _! religion & danc$ to ! gods 9 pray]
 & praise4  ,"s twelve or fifte5 miles  
f>!r ea/1 9 ano!r volcanic cone1 a r\gh 
crat] is f\nd1 surr\nd$ by piles ( c9d]s
 & angul> p[ell-canyons-#bj4;jpg        
,,great ,,neck ,,n9e ,,miles ,,s\? ,,(  
,,salaz>4  fragm5ts ( lava4 ,9 ! walls (
 ?is crat] _m caves are f\nd1 & "h aga9 
a village 0 e/abli%$1 ! caves 9 ! scoria

 be+ utiliz$ z habitations ( m54 ,^!    
little caves 7 fa%ion$ into rooms ( m   
symmetry & conv5i5ce ?an orig9ally f\nd1
 & ! op5+s to ! caves 7 wall$4 ,nor did 
^! p neglect ! gods1 = 9 ?is crat] t[n1 
z 9 ! c9d]-cone t[n1 a place ( wor%ip 0 
prep>$4  ,_m o!r caves op5+ into !      
canyon & crat]s ( ?is plateau 7 utiliz$ 
9 l mann] z homes = tribal p1 & 9 "o    
cave f> to ! s\? a f9e collection (     
sev]al hundr$ pieces ( pott]y has be5   
made4  #dd  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!           
,,colorado4  ,on ! nor!a/ ( ! ,san      
,francisco ,plateau is ! valley ( !     
,little ,colorado1 a tribut>y ( !       
,colorado ,riv]4 ,?is riv] is =m$ by    
/reams t head *iefly on ! ,san          
,francisco ,plateau1 b 9 "p on ! ,zui   
,plateau4 ,! ,little ,colorado is a     
m>vel\s riv]4 ,9 seasons ( great ra9s x 
is a broad b %all[ torr5t ( mud2 9      
seasons ( dr\ght x dw9dles & sometimes  
entirely disappe>s along portions ( its 
c\rse4 ,! upp] tribut>ies usually run 9 
beautiful box canyons4 ,!n ! riv] fl[s  

?r\gh a l[1 desolate1 bad-l& valley1 & !
 riv] ( mud is broad b %all[1 except 9  
seasons ( great floods4 ,b fifty miles  
or m above ! junction ( ?is /ream ) !   
,colorado ,riv] prop]1 x plunges into a 
canyon p[ell-canyons-#ba4;jpg  ,,c9d]   
,,cone ,,& ,,neck ,,nor!a/ ,,( ,,grant  
,,/ation4  ) lime/one walls1 & /eadily  
?is canyon increases 9 dep?1 until at ! 
m\? ( ! /ream x has walls m ?an #d1jjj  
feet 9 height4 ,! contra/ betwe5 ?is    
canyon portion & ! upp]  ,,mesas ,,&    
,,buttes4  #de  valley portion is v     
great4 ,above1 ! riv] ripples 9 a broad 
%eet ( mud2 bel[1 x plunges ) viol5ce   
ov] great cat>acts & rapids4 ,above1 !  
bad l&s /ret* on ei!r h&4 ,?is is       
p[ell-canyons-#bb4;jpg  ,,two ,,l>ge    
,,necks1 ,,! ,,m ,,di/ant ,,"o ,,be+ ,,!
 ,,cabazon4 ,,mesas ,,9 ,,! ,,=egr\nd4  
! region ( ! ,pa9t$ ,des]t1 = ! m>ls &  
s(t rocks ( :i* ! hills are compos$ are 
( _m colors--*ocolate1 r$1 v]milion1    
p9k1 buff1 & gray2 & ! nak$ hills are   
c>v$ 9 fanta/ic =ms4 ,pass+ to ! region 

bel[1 sudd5ly ! *annel is n>r[$ &       
tumbles d[n into a deep1 solemn gorge ) 
t[]+ lime/one cliffs4  ,all r\nd ! m>g9 
( ! valley ( ! ,little ,colorado1 on !  
side next to ! ,zui ,plateau & on ! side
 next to ! ,san ,francisco ,plateau1 e  
creek & e brook runs 9 a beautiful      
canyon4 ,!n d[n 9 ! valley !re are      
/ret*es ( des]t cov]$ ) sage & grease   
wood4 ,/ill f>!r d[n we come to ! bad   
l&s ( ! ,pa9t$ ,des]t2 & scatt]$ ?r\gh !
 entire region l[ mesas or small]       
plateaus are ev]y:]e f\nd4  ,on ! nor!a/
 side ( ! ,little ,colorado a great mesa
 c\ntry /ret*es f> to ! nor?w>d4 ,^!    
mesas are b m9or plateaus t are sep>at$ 
by canyons & canyon valleys1 & sometimes
 by  #df  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4 
l[ sage pla9s4 ,!y rise f a few hundr$  
to #b1jjj or #c1jjj feet above ! l[l&s  
on :i* !y are f\nd$4 ,! di/9ction betwe5
 plateaus & mesas is vague2 9 fact1 9   
local usage ! t]m mesa is usually appli$
 to all ( ^! tables :i* d n c>ry        
volcanic m\n- p[ell-canyons-#bc4;jpg    

,,neck ,,six ,,miles ,,nor!a/ ,,(       
,,juantafoya4  ta9s4 ,! mesas are c>v$  
out ( plat=ms ( horizontal or ne>ly     
horizontal rocks by p]5nial or          
int]mitt5t /reams1 & z ! climate is     
exce$+ly arid mo/ ( ! /reams fl[ only   
dur+ seasons ( ra91 & = ! great] "p ( ! 
ye> !y are dry arroyos4 ,_m ( ! long]   
*annels are dry = long p]iods4 ,"s ( !m 
are op5$ only by floods t come t5 or    
tw5ty ye>s ap>t4  ,! region is also     
*>act]iz$ by _m buttes4 ,^! are plateaus
 or mesas ( /ill small] dim5sions 9     
horizontal di/ance1 ?\gh _! altitude may
 be hundr$s or ?\s&s ( feet4 ,l ! mesas 
& plateaus1 !y sometimes =m v conspicu\s
 features ( a l&scape & are ( m>vel\s   
beauty by reason ( _! sculptur$         
esc>pm5ts4 ,bel[ !y are (t5 buttress$ on
 a magnific5t scale4 ,s(t] b$s give rise
 to a v]tical /ructure ( buttresses &   
columns1 :ile ! h>d] /rata appe> 9 great
 horizontal l9es1 sugge/+  ,,mesas ,,&  
,,buttes4  #dg  ar*itectural            
entablature4 ,!n ! /rata ( :i* ^! buttes

 are compos$ are ( _m vivid colors2 s   
color & =m unite 9 produc+ ar*itectural 
effects1 & ! buttes (t5 appe> l         
,cyclopean temples4  ,!re is yet "o o!r 
peculi>ity ( ?is l&scape des]v+ m5tion  
"h4 ,be=e ! pres5t valleys & canyons 7  
c>v$ & ! mesas lift$ 9 relief1 ! region 
0 "o ( great volcanic activity4 ,9 v>i\s
 places v5ts 7 =m$ & floods ( lava p\r$ 
9 %eets ov] ! l&4 ,!n = a "t volcanic   
action ceas$1 & ra9s & riv]s c>v$ out ! 
valleys & left ! mesas & m\nta9s /&+4   
,^! same ag5cies c>ri$ away ! lava b$s t
 spread ov] ! l&s4 ,b :]ev] !re 0 a lava
 v5t x 0 fill$ ) molt5 matt]1 :i* on    
cool+ 0 h>d] ?an ! s&/ones & m>ls ?r\gh 
:i* x p5etrat$4 ,! *imney to ! region ( 
fire bel[ 0 ?us fill$ ) a black rock :i*
 yield$ m  #dh p[ell-canyons-#bd4;jpg   
,a ,,gr\p ,,( ,,necks ,,ne> ,,m\nt      
,,taylor4  sl[ly to ! dis9tegrat+       
ag5cies ( wea!r1 & s black rocks rise up
 f mesas on e h&4 ,^! are kn[n z        
volcanic necks1 &1 be+ ( a somb] color1 
9 great contra/ ) ! vividly color$ rocks

 f :i* !y rise & by :i* !y are surr\nd$1
 !y  #dh p[ell-canyons-#be4;jpg         
,,panorama ,,f ,,! ,,edge ,,( ,,m\nt    
,,taylor ,,mesa4  ,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4 
#di  l5d a /range aspect to ! l&scape4  
,besides ^! necks1 !re are a few        
volcanic m\nta9s t t[] ov] all ! l&scape
 & ga!r ab\t !mselves ! cl\ds ( heav54  
,m\nt ,taylor1 :i* /&s ov] ! divide on !
 dra9age ( ! ,rio ,gr&e del ,norte1 is  
"o ( ! mo/ impos+ ( ! dead volcanoes (  
?is region4 ,/ill lat] eruptions ( lava 
are f\nd "h & !re1 & 9 ! pres5t valleys 
& canyons %eets ( black basalt are (t5  
f\nd4 ,^! are kn[n z c\lees1 & sometimes
 f ^! c\lees c9d] cones arise4  ,?is    
valley ( ! ,little ,colorado is also !  
site ( _m ru9s1 & ! villages or t[ns    
f\nd 9 su* pr(usion 7 ( mueh l>g] size  
?an ^? on ! ,san ,francisco ,plateau4   
,"s ( ! pueblo-build+ peoples yet rema94
 ,! ,zui ,indians /ill occupy _! homes1 
& !y prove to be a mo/ int]e/+ p4 ,!y h 
cultivat$ ! soil f "t immemorial4 ,!y   
build _! h\ses ( /one & l9e !m ) pla/]2 

& !y h _m int]e/+ arts1 be+ skill$      
pott]s & deft weav]s4 ,! seasons are    
ab\t equally divid$ betwe5 labor1       
wor%ip1 & play4  #ej  ,a hundr$ miles to
 ! nor?we/ ( ! ,zu pueblo are ! sev5    
pueblos ( ,tusayan3 ,oraibi1 ,%umopavi1 
,%upaulovi1 ,ma%ongnavi1 ,si*umovi1     
,walpi1 & llano4 ,^! t[ns are built on  
high cliffs4 ,! p speak a language      
radically diff]5t f t ( ! ,zui1 b1 ) !  
exception ( t ( ! inhabitants ( ,hano1  
closely alli$ to t ( ! ,utes4 ,! p (    
,hano are ,tewans1 ^: ance/ors mov$ f ! 
,rio ,gr&e to ,tusayan dur+ ! great     
,pueblo revolt aga9/ ,spani% au?ority 9 
#afhj-if4  ,betwe5 ! ,little ,colorado &
 ! ,rio ,san ,juan !re is a va/ sy/em ( 
plateaus1 mesas1 & buttes1 volcanic     
m\nta9s1 volcanic cones1 & volcanic c9d]
 cones4 ,"s ( ! plateaus are =e/-clad & 
h p]5nial wat]s & are gemm$ ) lakelets4 
,! mesas are sometimes treeless1 b are  
(t5 cov]$ ) l[1 /raggl+1 gn>l$ c$>s &   
pifions1 trees t are int]m$iate 9 size  
betwe5 ! bu%es ( sage 9 ! des]t & ! =e/ 

trees ( ! elevat$ regions4 ,on ! we/]n  
m>g9 ( ?is di/rict ! great ,navajo      
,m\nta9 /&s1 on ! br9k ( ,gl5 ,canyon1 &
 f its summit _m ( ! /up5d\s gorges ( ! 
,colorado ,riv] c be se54 ,c5tral 9 !   
region /& ! ,c>rizo ,m\nta9s1 !         
,luka*ukai  #ej p[ell-canyons-#bf4;jpg  
,,panorama ,,9 ,,! ,,valley ,,( ,,!     
,,pu]co4  ,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4 #ea     
,m\nta9s1 ! ,tunit*a ,m\nta9s1 & !      
,*usca ,m\nta9s1 :i* 9 fact con/itute "o
 sy/em1 ext5d+ f nor? to s\? 9 ! ord]   
nam$4 ,^! are really plateaus cr[n$ )   
volcanic peaks4  ,b ! di/rict we are n[ 
describ+1 :i* /ret*es f ! ,little       
,colorado to ! ,san ,juan1 is be/       
*>act]iz$ by its canyons4 ,! :ole region
 is a labyr9? ( gorges4 ,on ! we/ !     
,navajo ,creek & its tribut>ies run 9   
pr(\nd *asms4 ,f>!r s\? ! ,mo5copie )   
its tribut>ies is a labyr9? ( gorges2 & 
all ! /reams t run we/ into ! ,colorado1
 s\? into ! ,little ,colorado1 or nor?  
into ! ,san ,juan h c>v$ deep1 wild1 &  
romantic gorges4 ,imm$iately we/ ( !    

,*usca ,plateau ! ,canyon del ,mu]ta & !
 ,canyon de ,*elly are especially       
noticeable4 ,_m ( ^! canyons are c>v$ 9 
a homog5e\s r$ s&/one1 & _! walls are   
(t5 v]tical = hundr$s ( feet4 ,sometimes
 ! canyons wid5 into n>r[ valleys1 :i*  
are ?us wall$ by impassable cliffs1     
except :]e lat]al canyons cut _! way    
?r\gh ! battlem5ts4  ,9 ^! m\nta9s1     
plateaus1 mesas1 & canyons ! ,navajo    
,indians h _! home4 ,! ,navajos are     
intrud]s 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,!y belong to !  
,a?apascan /ock ( ,briti% ,am]ica &     
speak an ,a?apascan language1 l !       
,apa*es ( ! ,si]ra ,madre c\ntry4 ,!y   
are a /ately1 a?letic1 & bold p4 ,:ile  
yet ?is c\ntry 0 a "p ( ,mexico !y      
acquir$ great h]ds ( horses & flocks (  
%eep1 & liv$ 9 opul5ce comp>$ ) _m ( !  
o!r tribes ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,aft] !     
acquisition ( ?is t]ritory by ! ,unit$  
,/ates !y became disaffect$ by reason ( 
encroa*+ civilization1 & ! petty w>s    
betwe5 ,unit$ ,/ates troops & ! ,navajos
 7 9 ! ma9 disa/r\s to our =ces1 due 9  

"p to ! c\rage1 skill1 & sup]ior numb]s 
( ! ,navajos & 9 "p to ! "* ( ! c\ntry1 
:i* is easily def5d$1 z ! r\tes ( travel
 along ! canyons pres5t excell5t        
opportunities = def5se & ambuscade4 ,b  
"u ! lead]%ip & by ! advice ( ,kit      
,c>son ^! ,indians 7 ultimately conqu]$4
 ,?is wily b brave fronti]sman recomm5d$
 a new me?od ( w>f>e1 :i* 0 to de/roy ! 
h]ds & flocks ( ! ,navajos2 & ?is c\rse 
0 pursu$4 ,regul> troops ) volunte]s f  
,cali=nia & ,new ,mexico w5t into !     
,navajo c\ntry & %ot d[n _! h]ds (      
half-wild horses1  #eb  ,,canyons ,,(   
,,! ,,colorado4  kill$ hundr$s ( ?\s&s (
 %eep1 cut d[n _! pea* or*>ds :i* 7     
scatt]$ ab\t ! spr+s & little /reams1   
de/roy$ _! irrigat+ works1 & deva/at$ _!
 little pat*es ( corn1 squa%es1 &       
melons2 & entirely neglect$ ! ,navajos  
!mselves1 :o 7 conceal$ among ! rocks ( 
! canyons4 ,see+ ! de/ruction wr\ght ^u 
_! means ( livelihood1 ! ,navajos at    
once yield$4 ,m ?an #h1jjj ( !m surr5d]$
 at "o "t1 com+ 9 9 /raggl+ b&s4 ,!y 7  

!n remov$ f> to ! ea/1 ne> to ! ,texas  
l9e1 & e/abli%$ on a res]vation at !    
,bosque ,r$ondo4 ,"h !y engag$ 9        
civiliz$ f>m+4 ,a great sy/em           
p[ell-canyons-#bg4;jpg  ,,ru9s ,,at ,,! 
,,head ,,( ,,mcelmo ,,canyon4  (        
irrigation 0 develop$2 b !              
appropriations necess>y = ! ma9t5ance ( 
s l>ge a body ( p 9 ! c\rse ( _! passage
 f savag]y to civilization seem$ too    
great to ^? responsible = mak+ grants f 
! national treasury1 & j be=e #ahgj !   
,navajos 7 p]mitt$ to break up _! homes 
at ! ,bosque ,r$ondo & return to !      
canyons & cliffs ( _! anci5t l&4        
,millions 7 sp5t 9 conqu]+ !m :]e ?\s&s 
7 us$ to civilize !m1 s t !y 7 conqu]$ b
 n civiliz$4 ,/ill1 !y are mak+ good    
progress1 & h once m acquir$ l>ge flocks
 & h]ds4 ,x is e/imat$ t !y n[ h m ?an a
 million %eep4 ,_! exp]i5ce 9 irrigation
 at ! ,bosque ,r$ondo has  ,,mesas ,,&  
,,buttes4  #ec  n be5 :olly wa/$1 = !y  
n[ cultivate ! soil by me?ods (         
irrigation greatly improv$ ov] ^? us$ 9 

! e>li] "t4 ,orig9ally !y dwelt 9       
hogans1 or h\ses made ( poles arrang$ ) 
mu* skill 9 conical =m1 ! poles be+     
cov]$ ) re$s & ! re$s ) e>?2 n[ !y are  
copy+ ! dwell+ places ( civiliz$ m54 ,!y
 h also acquir$ great skill 9 !         
manufacture ( silv] ornam5ts1 ) :i* !y  
decorate !mselves & ! trapp+s ( _! /e$s4
  ,p]haps ! mo/ int]e/+ ru9s ( ,am]ica  
are f\nd 9 ?is region4 ,! anci5t pueblos
 f\nd "h are ( sup]ior /ructure1 b      
p[ell-canyons-#bh4;jpg  ,a ,,navajo     
,,hogan4  !y 7 all built by a p :om !   
,navajos displac$ :5 !y migrat$ f ! f>  
,nor?4 ,:]ev] !re is wat]1 ne> by an    
anci5t ru9 may be f\nd2 & ^! ru9s are   
ga!r$ ab\t c5t]s1 ! c5t]s be+ l>g]      
pueblos & ! scatt]$ ru9s repres5t+ s+le 
h\ses4 ,! anci5t p liv$ 9 villages1 or  
pueblos1 b dur+ ! gr[+ season !y scatt]$
 ab\t by ! spr+s & /reams to cultivate !
 soil by irrigation1 & :]ev] !re 0 a    
little f>m or g>d5 pat*1 !re 0 built a  
summ] h\se ( /one4 ,:5 times ( w> came1 
especially :5 !y 7 invad$ by ! ,navajos1

 ^! anci5t p left _! homes 9 ! pueblos &
 by ! /reams & con/ruct$ tempor>y homes 
9 ! cliffs & canyon  #ed  ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  walls4 ,su* cliff ru9s 
are abundant ?r\gh\t ! region1          
intimately ! anci5t pueblo peoples      
succumb$ to ! pr[ess ( ! ,navajos & 7   
driv5 out4 ,a "p jo9$ relat$ tribes 9 ! 
valley ( ! ,bio ,gr&e2 o!rs jo9$ ! ,zui 
& ! p ( ,tusayan2 & /all o!rs pu%$ on   
beyond ! ,little ,colorado to ! ,san    
,francisco ,plateau & f> d[n into !     
valley ( ! ,gila4 p[ell-canyons-#bi4;jpg
  ,,an ,,anci5t ,,coil$ ,,vase ,,f      
,,tusayan4  ,f>!r to ! ea/1 on ! bord] (
 ! region :i* we h describ$1 beyond !   
dra9age ( ! ,little ,colorado & ,san    
,juan & )9 ! dra9age ( ! ,rio ,gr&e1 !re
 lies an int]e/+ plateau region1 :i* =ms
 a "p ( ! ,plateau ,prov9ce & :i* is    
wor?y ( description4 ,?is is ! great    
,tewan ,plateau1 :i* c>ries sev]al gr\ps
 ( m\nta9s4 ,! we/]n edge ( ?is plateau 
is kn[n z !  ,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4 #ee  
,nacimi5to ,m\nta91 a long nor?-&-s\?   

range ( granite1 :i* pres5ts a bold     
facade to ! valley ( ! ,pu]co on ! we/4 
,asc5d+ to ! summit ( ?is granite range1
 !re is pres5t$ to ! ea/w>d a plateau ( 
va/ proportions1 :i* /ret*es f> t[>d    
,santa ,fe & is t]m9at$ by ! canyon ( ! 
,rio ,gr&e del ,norte4 ,! ea/]n flank ( 
?is range z x sl[ly rose 0 a g5tle      
slope1 b z x came up fissures 7 =m$ &   
volcanoes bur/ =? & p\r$ out _! floods (
 lava1 & n[ _m ext9ct volcanoes c be    
se54 ,! plateau 0 built by ^!           
volcanoes--%eets ( lava pil$ on %eets ( 
lava hundr$s & ev5 ?\s&s ( feet 9       
?ickness4 ,b ) ! floods ( lava came     
great explosions1 l t ( ,krakatoa1 by   
:i* ! heav5s 7 fill$ ) volcanic du/4 ,^!
 explosions came at diff]5t times & at  
diff]5t places1 b !y 7 ( enorm\s        
magnitude1 & :5 ! du/ fell aga9 f !     
cl\ds x pil$ up 9 b$s scores & hundr$s (
 feet 9 ?ickness4 ,s ! ,tewan ,plateau  
has a f\ndation ( r$ s&/one2 ^u ?is are 
pil$ %eets ( lava & %eets ( du/ 9 _m    
alt]nat+ lay]s4 ,x is e/imat$ t !re /ill

 rema9 m ?an two hundr$ cubic miles (   
?is du/1 n[ compact$ into some:at coh]5t
 rocks & int]polat$ betwe5 %eets ( lava4
 ,ev]y:]e ?is du/-=m$ rock is exce$+ly  
light4 ,mu* ( x has a specific gravity s
 l[ t x w float on wat]4 ,above ! %eets 
( lava & above ! b$s ( volcanic du/     
great volcanic cones rise1 & ! :ole upp]
 region is cov]$ ) =e/s int]sp]s$ )     
beautiful prairies4 ,! plateau itself is
 int]sect$ ) _m deep1 n>r[ canyons1 hav+
 walls ( lava1 volcanic du/1 or tufa1 & 
r$ s&/one4 ,x is a beautiful region4 ,! 
l[ mesas on e side are almo/ treeless & 
are ev]y:]e des]ts1 b ! great ,tewan    
,plateau is boon$ ) abundant ra9s1 & x  
is ?us a region ( =e/s & mead[s1 divid$ 
into blocks by deep1 precipit\s canyons 
& cr[n$ ) cones t rise to an altitude ( 
f #aj1jjj to #ab1jjj feet4  ,= _m       
c5turies ! ,tewan ,plateau1 ) its       
canyons bel[ & its mead[s & =e/s above1 
has be5 ! home ( tribes ( ,tewan        
,indians1 :o built pueblos1 sometimes ( 
! r$ s&/ones 9 ! canyons1 b (t5] (      

blocks ( tufa1 or volcanic du/4 ,?is    
light mat]ial c be work$ ) great ease1 &
 ) crude tools ( !  #ef  ,,canyons ,,(  
,,! ,,colorado4  h>d] lavas !y cut out  
blocks ( ! tufa & ) !m built pueblos two
 or ?ree /ories high4 ,! blocks are     
usually ab\t tw5ty in*es 9 l5g?1 eight  
in*es 9 wid?1 & six in*es 9 ?ickness1   
?\gh !y v>y some:at 9 size4 ,on !       
volcanic cones :i* dom9ate ! c\ntry ^! p
 built %r9es & wor%ip$ _! gods ) (f]+s (
 meal & wat] & ) pray] symbols made ( ! 
plumage ( ! birds ( ! air4 ,:5 ! ,navajo
 invasion came1 by :i* k9dr$ tribes 7   
displac$ f ! di/rict f>!r we/1 ^! ,tewan
 ,indians left _! pueblos on ! plateau &
 _! dwell+s by ! riv]s bel[ 9 ! dep?s ( 
! canyon & con/ruct$ cavate homes =     
!mselves2 t is1 !y excavat$ *amb]s 9 !  
cliffs :]e ^! cliffs 7 compos$ ( s(t1   
friable tufa4 ,on ! face ( ! cliff1     
hundr$s ( feet high & ?\s&s ( feet or   
ev5 miles 9 l5g?1 !y dug out *amb]s )   
/one tools1 ^! *amb]s be+ little rooms  
eight or t5 feet 9 diamet]4 ,sometimes  

two or m su* *amb]s connect$4 ,!n !y    
con/ruct$ /airways 9 ! s(t rock1 by :i* 
_! cavate h\ses 7 rea*$2 & 9 ^! rock    
%elt]s !y liv$ dur+ times               
p[ell-canyons-#cj4;jpg  ,a ,,typical    
,,cliff ,,dwell+4  #eg                  
p[ell-canyons-#ca4;jpg  ,a ,,room ,,9 ,a
 ,,pueblo4  #eh  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!      
,,colorado4  ( w>4 ,:5 ! ,navajo        
invasion 0 long pa/1 civiliz$ m5 z      
,spani% adv5tur]s ent]$ ?is c\ntry f    
,mexico1 & aga9 ! ,tewan peoples left _!
 homes on ! mesas & by ! canyons to f9d 
safety 9 ! cavate dwell+s ( ! cliffs2 & 
n[ ! ar*aeologi/ 9 ! /udy ( ?is c\ntry  
discov]s ^! two p]iods ( con/ruction &  
occupation ( ! cavate dwell+s ( ! ,tewan
 ,indians4  ,nor? ( ! ,rio ,san ,juan   
ano!r va/ plateau region is f\nd1 /ret*+
 to ! ,gr& ,riv]4 ,! m\nta9s ( ?is      
region are ! ,la ,plata ,m\nta9s1 ,be>  
,riv] ,m\nta9s1 & ,san ,miguel ,m\nta9s 
on ! ea/1 & ! ,si]ra ,el ,late1 ! ,si]ra
 ,abajo1 & ! ,si]ra ,la ,sal on ! we/1 !
 latt] /&+ ne> ! br9k ( ,cat>act        

,canyon1 ?r\gh :i* ! ,colorado fl[s     
imm$iately bel[ ! junction ( ! ,gr& &   
,gre54 ,?r\gh\t ! region m\nta9s1       
volcanic cones1 volcanic necks1 & c\lees
 are f\nd1 :ile ! m\nta9s !mselves rise 
to great altitudes & are =e/-clad4 ,"s (
 ! plateaus atta9 huge proportions1 &   
betwe5 ! plateaus labyr9?ian mesas are  
f\nd4 ,buttes1 z /up5d\s cameos1 are    
scatt]$ ev]y:]e1 & ! :ole region is c>v$
 ) canyons4  ,gr& ,riv] heads on ! back 
( ,long's ,peak1 9 ! ,front ,range ( !  
,rocky ,m\nta9s ( c5tral ,colorado4 ,at 
! foot ( ! m\nta9 lies ,gr& ,lake1 a    
%eet ( em]ald wat] t duplicates ! =e/   
/&+ on its br9k4 ,out ( ! lake fl[s ,gr&
 ,riv]1 ga!r+ on p[ell-canyons-#cb4;jpg 
,a ,,navajo ,,ready ,,= ,a ,,j\rney4    
,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4  #ei  its way ! _m
 m\nta9 /reams ^: wat]s fill ! solitude 
) p]5nial music--a symphony ( cascades4 
,9 ,middle ,p>k boil+ spr+s issue f     
dep?s bel[ & ga!r 9 pools cov]$ )       
con-f]vae4 ,leav+ ,middle ,p>k ! riv]   
goes ?r\gh a great range kn[n z !       

,gore's ,pass ,m\nta9s2 & /ill x fl[s on
 t[>d ! ,colorado1 n[ ?r\gh canyon & n[ 
?r\gh valley1 until ! la/ =ty miles (   
its c\rse x f9ds its way ?r\gh a        
beautiful gorge kn[n z ,gr& ,riv]       
,canyon4 ,9 its pr9cipal c\rse ?is      
canyon is a bright r$ homog5e\s s&/one1 
& ! walls are (t5 v]tical & ( great     
symmetry4 ,f>!r d[n1 its walls are rugg$
 & angul>1 be+ compos$ ( lime/ones4  ,! 
pr9cipal tribut>ies f ! s\? are ! ,blue1
 :i* heads 9 ,mt4 ,l9coln1 & !          
,gunnison1 :i* heads 9 ! ,wasat*        
,m\nta9s4 ,^! /reams are also *>act]iz$ 
by deep canyons & plateaus1 & mesas     
ab\nd on e h&4 ,betwe5 ! ,gr& ,riv] & ! 
,:ite ,riv]1 f>!r to ! ea/1 ! ,tavaputs 
,plateau is f\nd4 ,x beg9s at ! foot (  
,gore's ,pass ,range & ext5ds d[n betwe5
 ! riv]s la/ m5tion$ to ! v br9k ( ,gre5
 ,riv]1 :i* is 9 fact ! upp] ,colorado4 
,betwe5 ! ,gr& ,riv] & !                
p[ell-canyons-#cc4;jpg  ,a ,,navajo     
,,boy4  #fj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!          
,,colorado4  foot ( ?is plateau !re is a

 l[1 n>r[ valley ) mesas & buttes4 ,!n !
 c\ntry sudd5ly rises by a /up5d\s l9e (
 cliffs #b1jjj or #c1jjj feet high4 ,^! 
cliffs are compos$ ( s& /ones1          
lime/ones1 & %ales1 ( _m colors4 ,!     
/ratification 9 _m places is m9ute1 s t 
!y h be5 call$ ! ,book ,cliffs4         
p[ell-canyons-#cd4;jpg  ,,g>d5s ,,(     
,,zu,i4  ,f ! cliffs _m sali5ts are     
project$ into ! valleys1 & )9 deep      
re-ent]+ angles va/ amphi!at]s appe>4   
,ab\t ! project$ sali5ts _m t[]+ buttes1
 ) p9nacles & m9>ets1 are f\nd4 ,! long1
 n>r[ plateau is cov]$ ) a =e/ along its
 summit1 &1 ?\gh x rises abruptly on !  
s\? side f ,gr& ,riv] ,valley1 x desc5ds
 m g5tly t[>d ! ,:ite ,riv]1 & on       
,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4  #fa              
p[ell-canyons-#ce4;jpg  ,a ,,tusayan    
,,ladd]4  ?is slope _m canyons ( r>e    
beauty are se54 ,plateaus & mesas &     
canyons & buttes *>act]ize ! region nor?
 ( ,:ite ,riv] & /ret* out to ! ,yampa4 
,! ,yampa itself has an important       
tribut>y f ! nor?we/1 kn[n z ,snake     

,riv]4 ,j bel[ ! afflu5ce ( ! ,snake ) !
 ,yampa a /range ph5om5on is obs]v$4 ,"r
 a?w>t ! c\rse ( ! riv] rises a great   
dome-%ap$ m\nta91 ) valley /ret*es on e 
side1 & ?r\gh ?is m\nta9 ! riv] runs1   
divid+ x by a beautiful canyon1 ?r\gh   
:i* x fl[s to its junction ) ! ,gre54   
,?is canyon is 9 s(t1 :ite s&/one1      
usually ) v]tical walls v>y+ f #ejj to  
#b1jjj feet 9 height1 & ! riv] fl[s 9 a 
g5tle w9d+ way ?r\gh all ?is /ret*4 ,to 
! ea/ ( ?is plateau region1 ) its mesas 
& buttes & its volcanic m\nta9s1 /& !   
s\!rn ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 or ,p>k ,m\nta9s1
 a sy/em ( nor?-&-s\? ranges4 ,^! ranges
 are huge bill[s 9 ! cru/ ( ! e>? out ( 
:i* m\nta9s h be5 c>v$4 ,! p>ks (       
,colorado are great valley bas9s enclos$
 by ^! ranges1 & ov] _! surfaces moss   
agates are scatt]$4 ,! m\nta9s are cov]$
 ) d5se =e/s & are rugg$ & wild4 ,!     
high] peaks rise above ! timb] l9e & are
 nak$ gorges ( rocks4 ,9 !m ! ,platte & 
,arkansas riv]s head & fl[ ea/w>d to jo9
 ! ,miss\ri ,riv]4 ,"h also heads ! ,rio

 ,gr&e del ,norte1 :i* fl[s s\?w>d into 
! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 & /ill to ! we/ head 
_m /reams :i* p\r into ! ,colorado wat]s
 de/9$ = ! ,gulf ( ,cali=nia4 ,?r\gh\t  
all ( ?is region dra9$ by ! ,gr&1 ,:ite1
 & ,yampa riv]s1 !re are _m beautiful   
p>ks4 ,! great m\n-                     
p[ell-canyons-#cf4;jpg  ,a ,,zu ,,/ool4 
#fb  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ta9 
slopes are /ill cov]$ ) primeval =e/s4  
,spr+s1 brooks1 riv]s1 & lakes ab\nd1 & 
! wat]s are fill$ ) tr\t4 ,n _m ye>s ago
 ! hills 7 cov]$ ) game--elk on !       
m\nta9s1 de] on ! plateaus1 antelope 9 !
 valleys1 & beav]s build+ _! cities on !
 /reams4 ,! plateaus are cov]$ ) l[1    
dw>f oaks & _m %rubs be>+ b]ries1 & 9 ! 
*ap>ral ( ?is region c9namon be>s are   
/ill abundant4  ,f "t immemorial !      
region dra9$ by ! ,gr&1 ,:ite1 & ,yampa 
riv]s has be5 ! home ( ,ute tribes ( !  
,%o%onean p[ell-canyons-#cg4;jpg  ,a    
,,tusayan ,,field ,,%elt]4  family (    
,indians4 ,^! p built _! %elt]s ( b\ghs 
& b>k1 & to "s ext5t liv$ 9 t5ts made ( 

! sk9s ( animals4 ,!y nev] cultivat$ !  
soil1 b ga!r$ wild se$s & roots & 7     
fam\s hunt]s & fi%]m54 ,z ! region      
ab\nds 9 game1 ^! tribes h always be5   
well clad 9 sk9s & furs4 ,! m5 wore     
bl\se1 lo9clo? legg9s1 & moccas9s1 & !  
wom5 dress$ 9 %ort kilts4 ,x is curi\s  
to notice ! effect :i* ! contact (      
civilization has _h ^u ^! wom5's dress4 
,ev5 tw5ty ye>s ago !y _h l5g!n$ _!     
skirts2 & dresses1 made ( bucksk91 fr+$ 
) furs1 & bead$ ) elk tee?1 7 worn s    
long t !y trail$  ,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4 
#fc  on ! gr\nd4 ,nei!r m5 nor wom5 wore
 any headdress except on fe/ival        
occasions = decoration2 !n ! wom5 wore  
little basket bonnets decorat$ ) fea!rs1
 & ! m5 wore headdresses made ( ! sk9s (
 ducks1 geese1 eagles1 & o!r l>ge birds4
 ,sometimes !y w\ld prep>e ! sk9 ( !    
head ( ! elk or de]1 or ( a be> or      
m\nta9 lion or wolf1 = a headdress4 ,= v
 cold wea!r bo? m5 & wom5 7 provid$ )   
togas = _! protection4 ,sometimes ! m5  
w\ld h a be>sk9 or elksk9 = a toga2 m   

p[ell-canyons-#ch4;jpg  ,,ano!r         
,,tusayan ,,field ,,%elt]4  (t5 !y made 
_! togas by piec+ toge!r ! sk9s (       
wolves1 m\nta9 lions1 wolv]9es1 wild    
cats1 beav]s1 & ott]s4 ,! wom5 sometimes
 made !irs ( fawnsk9s1 b rabbitsk9      
r1obes 7 f> m common4 ,^! rabbitsk9s 7  
tann$ ) ! fur on1 & cut into /rips2 !n  
cords 7 made ( ! fib] ( wild flax or    
yucca plants1 & r\nd ^! cords ! /rips ( 
rabbitsk9 7 roll$1 s t !y made long     
ropes ( rabbitsk9 coils ) a c5tral cord 
( vegetal fib]2 !n ^! coils 7 wov5 9    
p>allel /r+s ) cross  #fd               
p[ell-canyons-#ci4;jpg  ,,view ,,(      
,,hano1 ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,sev5 ,,pueblos   
,,( ,,tusayan4 p[ell-canyons-#dj4;jpg   
,,mesa ,,v]de4  ,,mesas ,,& ,,buttes4   
#fe  /r&s ( fib]4 ,! robe :5 f9i%$ 0    
usually ab\t five or six feet squ>e1 & x
 made a good toga = a cold day & a w>m  
blanket = ! night4  ,! ,ute ,indians1 l 
all ! ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 h a     
weal? ( my?ic /ories4 ,! h]oes ( ^!     
/ories are ! bea/s1 birds1 & reptiles ( 

! region1 & ! !mes ( ! /ories are ! do+s
 ( ^! my?ic bea/s--! anci5ts f :om !    
pres5t animals h desc5d$ & deg5]at$4 ,! 
primeval animals 7 wond]ful be+s1 z     
relat$ 9 ! lore ( ! ,utes4 ,!y 7 !      
creators & controll]s ( all ! ph5om5a ( 
nature kn[n to ^! simple-m9d$ p4 ,!     
,utes are zoo!i/s4 ,ea* little tribe has
 its ,%aman1 or m$ic9e man1 :o is       
hi/orian1 prie/1 & doctor4 ,! lore ( ?is
 ,%aman is compos$ ( my?ic tales (      
anci5t animals4 ,! ,indians are v       
skillful actors1 & !y repres5t ! p>ts ( 
bea/s or reptiles1 we>+ masks & imitat+ 
! anci5t zoic gods4 ,9 temples wall$ )  
gloom ( night & illum$ by tor* fires ! p
 ga!r ab\t _! ,%aman1 :o tells & acts ! 
/ories ( creation record$ 9 _!          
traditional bible4 ,:5 fev] pro/rates "o
 ( ! tribe ! ,%aman ga!rs ! actors ab\t 
! /rick5 man1 & ) weird danc+1 wild     
ululation1 & ec/atic exhortation ! evil 
_s is driv5 f ! body4 ,!n !y h _!       
c]emonies to pray = ! =e/ fruits1 =     
abundant game1 = successful hunt+1 & =  

prosp]ity 9 w>4  #ff                    
p[ell-canyons-#da4;jpg  ,,m\nt ,,moran1 
,,teton ,,range1 ,,wyom+4  #fg  ,,*apt] 
,,iii4  ,,m\nta9s ,,& ,,plateaus4       
,,gre5 ,,riv] has its s\rce 9 ,fremont's
 ,peak1 high up 9 ! ,w9d ,riv] ,m\nta9s 
among glacial lakes & m\nta9 cascades4  
,?is is ! real s\rce ( ! ,colorado      
,riv]1 & x /&s 9 /range contra/ ) ! m\? 
( t /ream :]e x p\rs into ! ,gulf (     
,cali=nia4 ,! g5]al c\rse ( ! riv] is f 
nor? to s\? & f great altitudes to !    
level ( ! sea4 ,?us x runs f l& ( sn[ to
 l& ( sun4 ,! ,w9d ,riv] ,m\nta9s       
con/itute "o ( ! mo/ impos+ ranges ( !  
,unit$ ,/ates4 ,fremont's ,peak1 !      
culm9at+ po9t1 is #ac1gij feet above !  
level ( ! sea4 ,x /&s 9 a wild]ness (   
crags4 ,"h at ,fremont's ,peak ?ree     
great riv]s h _! s\rces3 ,w9d ,riv] fl[s
 ea/w>d into ! ,mississippi2 ,gre5 ,riv]
 fl[s s\?w>d into ! ,colorado2 & ,gros  
,v5tre ,riv] fl[s nor?we/w>d into !     
,columbia4 ,f ?is dom9at+ height _m     
ranges c be se5 on e h&4 ,ab\t ! s\rces 

( ! ,platte & ! ,big ,horn1 t fl[       
ultimately into ! ,gulf ( ,mexico1 great
 ranges /& ) _! culm9at+ peaks among !  
cl\ds2 & ! m\nta9s t ext5d into         
,yell[/one ,p>k1 ! l& ( geys] wond]s1   
are se54 ,! ,yell[/one ,p>k is at !     
s\!rn extremity ( a great sy/em ( m\nta9
 ranges1 ! nor!rn ,rocky ,m\nta9s1      
sometimes call$ ! ,geys] ,ranges4 ,?is  
geological prov9ce ext5ds into ,briti%  
,am]ica1 b its mo/ wond]ful sc5]y is 9 !
 upp] ,yell[/one bas91 :]e geys]s bomb>d
 ! heav5s ) vapor di/ill$ 9 subt]ranean 
dep?s4 ,! spr+s :i* p\r out _! boil+    
wat]s are load$ ) qu>tz1 & ! wat]s ( !  
spr+s1 fl[+ away ov] ! rocks1 sl[ly     
dis*>ge _! fluid magma1 :i* cry/allizes 
9 beautiful =ms & builds jewel$ bas9s t 
hold pellucid wat]s4  #fh ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  ,to ! nor? & we/ (     
,fremont's ,peak are m\nta9 ranges t    
give bir? to riv]s fl[+ into ! great    
,columbia4 ,conspicu\s among ^! f ?is   
po9t ( view is ! great ,teton ,range1 ) 
its t[]+ facade ( /orm-c>v$ rocks2 !n ! 

,gros ,v5tre ,m\nta9s1 ! ,snake ,riv]   
,range1 ! ,wyom+ ,range1 &1 /ill beyond 
! latt]1 ! ,be> ,riv] ,range1 are se54  
,f> 9 ! di/ant s\?1 sc>cely to be       
di/+ui%$ f ! blue cl\ds on ! horizon1 /&
 ! ,u9ta ,m\nta9s4 ,on e h& are deep    
m\nta9 gorges :]e sn[s accumulate to =m 
glaci]s4 ,bel[ ! glaci]s ?r\gh\t !      
entire ,w9d ,riv] ,range great numb]s ( 
mora9al lakes are f\nd4 ,^! lakes are   
gems--deep sapphire wat]s fr+$ ) em]ald 
zones4 ,f ^! lakes creeks & riv]s fl[1  
by cat>acts & rapids1 to =m ! ,gre54 ,! 
m\nta9 slopes bel[ are cov]$ ) d5se =e/s
 ( p9es & firs4 ,! lakes are (t5 fr+$ ) 
beautiful asp5s1 & :5 ! autumn w9ds come
 _! gold5 leaves are c>ri$ ov] ! l&scape
 9 cl\ds ( respl5d5t %e54 ,! creeks     
desc5d f ! m\nta9s 9 wild rocky gorges1 
until !y fl[ out into ! valley4 ,on !   
we/ side ( ! valley /& ! ,gros ,v5tre & 
! ,wyom+ m\nta9s1 l[ ranges ( peaks1 b  
picturesque 9 =m & =e/ /ret*4 ,leav+ !  
m\nta91 ! riv] me&]s ?r\gh ! ,gre5 ,riv]
 ,pla9s1 a cold elevat$ di/rict mu* l t 

( nor!rn ,norway1 except t ! humidity ( 
,norway is replac$ by ! aridity (       
,wyom+4 ,s\? ( ! pla9s ! ,big ,s&y jo9s 
! ,gre5 f ! ea/4 ,s\? ( ! ,big ,s&y a   
long zone ( s&-dunes /ret*es ea/w>d4 ,! 
we/]n w9ds bl[+ up ! valley drift ^! s&s
 f hill to hill1 s t ! hills !mselves   
are sl[ly j\rney+ ea/w>d on ! w+s ( arid
 gales1 & s& tempe/s may be enc\nt]$ m  
t]rible ?an /orms ( sn[ or hail4 ,"h !  
nor!rn b\nd>y ( ! ,plateau ,prov9ce is  
f\nd1 = mesas & high table-l&s are f\nd 
on ei!r side ( ! riv]4  #fi  ,on ! ea/  
side ( ! ,gre51 mesas & plateaus h      
irregul> esc>pm5ts ) po9ts ext5d+ into !
 valleys1 & betwe5 ^! po9ts canyons come
 d[n t head 9 ! highl&s4 ,ev]y:]e !     
esc>pm5ts are fr+$ ) outly+ buttes4 ,_m 
portions ( ! region are *>act]iz$ by bad
 l&s4 ,^! are hills c>v$ out ( s&/one1  
%ales1 & easily dis9tegrat$ rocks1 :i*  
pres5t _m  #fi p[ell-canyons-#db4;jpg   
,,m>ble ,,bas9s1 ,,mammo? ,,hot ,,spr+s1
 ,,yell[/one ,,p>k4  #gj                
p[ell-canyons-#dc4;jpg  ,,t]rac$        

,,bas9s1 ,,mammo? ,,hot ,,spr+s1        
,,yell[/one ,,pabk4  ,,m\nta9s ,,&      
,,plateaus4 #ga  fanta/ic =ms & are     
highly color$ 9 a great v>iety ( t9t &  
tone1 & ev]y:]e !y are nak$ (           
vegetation4 ,n[ & !n l[ m\nta9s cr[n !  
plateaus4 ,altoge!r x is a region (     
desolation4 ,?r\gh ! mid/ ( ! c\ntry1 f 
ea/ to we/1 fl[s an int]mitt5t /ream    
kn[n z ,bitt] ,creek4 ,9 seasons ( ra9 x
 c>ries floods2 9 seasons ( dr\ght x    
disappe>s 9 ! s&s1 & its wat]s are      
alkal9e & (t5 poison\s4 ,/ret*es (      
bad-l& des]t are int]rupt$ by o!r       
/ret*es ( sage pla91 & on ! high l&s    
gn>l$ & picturesque =e/s ( junip] & pin 
are f\nd4 ,on ! we/ side ( ! riv] !     
mesas rise by grassy slopes to ! we/w>d 
into high plateaus t are =e/-clad1 fir/ 
) junip] & pion1 & /ill high] ) p9es &  
firs4 ,"s ( ! /reams run 9 canyons &    
o!rs h elevat$ valleys along _! c\rses4 
,on ! s\? bord] ( ?is mesa & plateau    
c\ntry are ! ,bridg] ,bad ,l&s1 ly+ at !
 foot ( ! ,u9ta ,m\nta9s4 ,^! bad l&s   

are ( gray1 gre51 & br[n %ales t are    
c>v$ 9 picturesque =ms--domes1 t[]s1    
p9nacles1 & m9>ets1 & bold cliffs ) deep
 alcoves2 & all are nak$ rock1 ! s$im5ts
 ( an anci5t lake4 ,^! lake b$s are     
fill$ ) fossils1--! pres]v$ bones (     
fi%es1 reptiles1 & mammals1 ( /range &  
(t5 gigantic =ms1 no long] f\nd liv+ on 
! globe4 ,x is a des]t to !             
agriculturi/1 a m9e to ! paleontologi/1 
& a p>adise to ! arti/4  ,! region ?us  
describ$1 f ,fremont's ,peak to ! ,u9ta 
,m\nta9s1 has be5 ! home ( tribes (     
,indians ( ! ,%o%onean family f "t      
immemorial4 ,x is a great hunt+ & fi%+  
region1 & ! vigor\s ,%o%ones /ill obta9 
a "p ( _! livelihood f mesa & pla9 &    
riv] & lake4 ,! fle% ( ! animals kill$ 9
 fall & w9t] 0 dri$ 9 ! arid w9ds =     
summ] use2 ! tr\t ab\nd+ 9 ! /reams &   
lakes 7 caught at all seasons ( ! ye>2 &
 ! se$s & fruits ( h>ve/ "t 7 ga!r$ &   
pres]v$ = w9t] use4 ,:5 ! se$s 7 ga!r$  
!y 7 w9n[$ by toss+ !m 9 trays s t !    
w9ds might c>ry away ! *aff4 ,!n !y 7   

roa/$ 9 ! same trays4 ,burn+ coals &    
se$s 7 mix$ 9 ! basket trays & kept 9   
motion by a toss+ process :i* fann$ !   
coals until ! se$s 7 done2 !n !y 7      
sep>at$ f ! coals by dext]\s            
manipulation4 ,aft]w>ds ! se$s 7 gr\nd  
on  #gb ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4   
meal+-/ones & mold$ into cakes1 (t5 huge
 loaves1 t 7 /or$ away = use 9 "t ( ne$4
 ,raspb]ries1 *oke*]ries1 & buffalo     
b]ries are abundant1 & ^! fruits 7 ga!r$
 & mix$ ) ! bread4 ,su* fruit cakes 7   
great da9ties among ^! p4  ,9 ?is       
,%o%one l& ! long w9t] night is d$icat$ 
to wor%ip & fe/ival4 ,ab\t _! camp fires
 scatt]$ 9 =e/ glades by brooks & lakes1
 !y assemble to dance & s+ 9 honor ( _! 
gods--wond]ful my?ic animals1 = !y hold 
z div9e ! anci5t ( be>s1 ! eagle ( ! lo/
 c5turies1 ! rattlesnake ( primeval     
times1 & a ho/ ( o!r zoic deities4  ,!  
,u9ta ,range /&s across ! c\rse ( ,gre5 
,riv]1 :i* f9ds its way ?r\gh x by s]ies
 ( /up5d\s canyons4 ,! range has an     
ea/-&-we/ tr5d4 ,! ,wasat* ,m\nta9s1 a  

long nor?-&-s\? range1 "h divide !      
,plateau ,prov9ce f :at is kn[n among   
geologi/s z ! ,bas9 ,range ,prov9ce1 on 
! we/4 ,! latt] is ! great int]ior bas9 
^: wat]s run into salt lakes & s9ks1 !re
 be+ no dra9age to ! sea4 ,! ,great     
,salt ,lake is ! mo/ important ( ^!     
int]ior bodies ( wat]4  ,! ,great ,bas91
 :i* lies to ! we/ ( ! ,plateau         
,prov9ce1 =ms a "p ( ! ,bas9 ,range     
,prov9ce4 ,9 pa/ geological times x 0 ! 
site ( a va/ sy/em ( lakes1 b ! climate 
has s9ce *ang$ & ! wat] ( mo/ ( ^! lakes
 has evaporat$ & ! s$im5ts ( ! old lake 
b$s are n[ des]t s&s4 ,! anci5t lake    
%ores are (t5 repres5t$ by conspicu\s   
t]races1 ea* "o m>k+ a /age 9 ! height (
 a dead lake4 ,:ile ^! lakes exi/$ !    
region 0 "o ( great volcanic activity & 
_m eruptive m\nta9s 7 =m$4 ,"s bur/ out 
b5ea? ! wat]s2 o!rs 7 pil$ up on ! dry  
l&4  ,f ! des]t valleys bel[1 ! ,wasat* 
,m\nta9s rise abruptly & are cr[n$ )    
craggy peaks4 ,b on ! ea/ side ( !      
m\nta9s ! desc5t to ! plateau is        

comp>atively slight4 ,! ,u9ta ,m\nta9s  
are c>v$ out ( ! great plateau :i*      
ext5ds m ?an two hundr$ miles to !      
ea/w>d ( ! summit ( ! ,wasat* ,range4   
,its m\nta9 peaks are cameos1 its upp]  
valleys are mead[s1 its high] slopes are
 =e/ groves1 & its /reams run 9 deep1   
solemn1 & maje/ic canyons4 ,! sn[s nev] 
melt f its cr[n+ heights1 & an undy+    
an!m is sung by its fall+ wat]s4  #gc   
p[ell-canyons-#dd4;jpg  ,,tab]nacle     
,,crat] ,,& ,,lava ,,b$s ,,( ,,! ,,bas9 
,,prov9ce4  #gd p[ell-canyons-#de4;jpg  
,,view ,,on ,,great ,,salt ,,lake       
,,des]t1 ,,%[+ ,,m\nta9s ,,half ,,buri$ 
,,by ,,lake ,,s$im5ts4  ,,m\nta9s ,,&   
,,plateaus4 #ge  ,! ,owiyukuts ,plateau 
is situat$ at ! nor!a/]n end ( ! ,u9ta  
,m\nta9s4 ,x is a great integral block (
 ! ,u9ta sy/em4 ,a beautiful creek heads
 9 ?is plateau1 ne> its c5t]1 & desc5ds 
nor?w>d into ! bad l&s ( ,v]milion      
,creek1 to :i* /ream x is tribut>y4     
,once ^u a "t ?is creek1 aft] desc5d+ f 
! plateau1 turn$ ea/ & !n s\?w>d & f\nd 

its way by a beautiful canyon into      
,br[n's ,p>k1 :]e x jo9$ ! ,gre52 b a   
great b5d ( ! ,v]milion1 ne> ! foot ( ! 
plateau1 0 gradually enl>g$--! /ream    
cutt+ away its banks--until x encroa*$  
^u ! little valley ( ! creek born on !  
,owiyukuts ,plateau4 ,?is encroa*m5t    
cont9u$ until at la/ ,v]milion ,creek   
/ole ! ,owiyukuts ,creek & c>ri$ its    
wat]s away by its own *annel4 ,!n !     
canyon *annel ?r\gh :i* ,owiyukuts      
,creek _h previ\sly run1 no long] hav+ a
 /ream to fl[ ?r\gh its deep gorge1     
ga!r$ ! wat]s ( brooks fl[+ along its   
c\rse into little lakelets1 :i* are     
connect$ by a runn+ /ream only ?r\gh    
seasons ( great ra9fall4 ,^! lakelets 9 
! gorge ( ! dead creek are n[ favorite  
resorts ( ,ute ,indians4  ,s\? ( ! ,u9ta
 ,m\nta9s is ! ,u9ta ,riv]1 a /ream ) _m
 m\nta9 tribut>ies1 "s head+ 9 ! ,u9ta  
,m\nta9s1 o!rs 9 ! ,wasat* ,m\nta9s on !
 we/1 & /ill o!rs 9 ! we/]n ,tavaputs   
,plateau4  ,! ,u9ta ,valley is ! anci5t 
& pres5t home ( ! ,u9ta ,indians1 a     

tribe speak+ ! ,u9ta language ( !       
,%o%onean family4 ,_! habits1 cu/oms1   
in/itutions1 & my?ology are ess5tially !
 same z ^? ( ! ,ute ,indians ( ! ,gr&   
,riv] c\ntry1 already describ$4 ,9 ?is  
valley !re are also f\nd _m ru9s (      
anci5t pueblo-build+ peoples--( :at /ock
 is n kn[n4  ,! ,tavaputs ,plateau is "o
 ( ! /up5d\s features ( ?is c\ntry4 ,on 
! we/ x m]ges into ! ,wasat* ,m\nta9s2  
on ! nor? x desc5ds by wood$ slopes into
 ! ,u9ta ,valley4 ,its summit is        
=e/-clad & among ! =e/s are _m beautiful
 p>ks4 ,on ! s\? x ends 9 a great       
esc>pm5t :i* desc5ds into ,ca/le        
,valley4 ,?is s\!rn esc>pm5t pres5ts "o 
( ! mo/ wond]ful facades ( ! _w4 ,x is f
 #b1jjj to #d1jjj feet high4 ,! desc5t  
is n made by "o bold /ep1 = x is cut by 
canyons & cliffs4 ,x is a zone sev]al   
#gf  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4      
miles 9 wid? :i* is a va/ labyr9? (     
canyons1 cliffs1 buttes1 p9nacles1      
m9>ets1 & deta*$ rocks ( ,cyclopean     
magnitude1 ! :ole de/itute ( soil &     

vegetation1 color$ 9 _m brilliant tones 
& t9ts1 & c>v$ 9 _m weird =ms1--a l& (  
desolation1 d$icat$ =ev] to ! geologi/ &
 ! arti/1 :]e civilization c f9d no     
re/+-place4  ,!n comes ,ca/le ,valley1  
to describe :i* is to begg> language &  
pall imag9ation4 ,on ! nor? is !        
,tavaputs2 on ! we/ is ! ,wasat*        
,plateau1 :i* lies to ! s\? ( ! ,wasat* 
,m\nta9s & is "h ! we/ b\nd>y ( !       
,plateau ,prov9ce2 on ! s\? are         
indescribable mesas & m\nta9s2 on ! ea/ 
is ,gr& ,riv]1 a placid /ream me&]+     
?r\gh a valley ( mead[s4 ,)9 ^! b\nd>ies
 !re is a l&scape ( gigantic rock =ms1  
int]rupt$ "h & !re by bad-l& hills1     
dom9at$ ) ! t[]+ cliffs ( ,tavaputs1 !  
bold esc>pm5t ( ! ,wasat* ,plateau1 & ! 
volcanic peaks ( ! ,h5ry ,m\nta9s on !  
s\?4 ,x is a va/ =e/ ( rock =ms1 & 9 its
 mid/ is ,san ,rafael ,swell1 an        
elevation cr[n$ ) /ill m gigantic rock  
=ms4 ,among ! rocks pools & lakelets are
 f\nd1 & little /reams run 9 canyons t  
seem l *asms cleft to nadir  #gg        

p[ell-canyons-#df4;jpg  ,,an ,,indian   
,,hunt]4 444 4444  #gh                  
p[ell-canyons-#dg4;jpg  ,,res]voir      
,,butte1 ,,%[+ ,,t]races ,,( ,,!        
,,anci5t ,,lake ,,bonneville ,,%orel9es4
  #gi p[ell-canyons-#dh4;jpg  ,,pavant  
,,butte1 ,,ov] ,a ,,subm>9e ,,volcano   
,,( ,,! ,,great  ,,bas94  ,,m\nta9s ,,& 
,,plateaus4  #hj  hell4 ,san ,rafael    
,riv] & ,fremont ,riv] dra9 ?is ,ca/le  
l&1 head+ 9 ! ,wasat* ,plateau & fl[+   
into ! ,gr& ,riv]4 ,along ^! /reams a   
few n>r[ canyon valleys are f\nd1 & 9 !m
 ,ute ,indians make _! w9t] homes4 ,!   
bad l&s are fill$ ) agates1 jasp]s1 &   
c>nelians1 :i* are ga!r$ by ! ,indians &
 fa%ion$ p[ell-canyons-#di4;jpg  ,,an   
,,indian ,,camp4  into arr[heads &      
knives2 along ! foot ( ! canyon cliffs  
work%ops c be discov]$ t h be5 occupi$  
by g5]ations f a "t 9 ! long pa/1 & !   
*ips ( ^! work%ops pave ! valleys4 ,s\? 
( ! ,wasat* ,plateau we h ! ,fi% ,lake  
,plateau1 ! ,awapa ,plateau1 & !        
,aqu>ius ,plateau1 :i* sep>ate ! wat]s  

fl[+ into ! ,great ,bas9 f ! wat]s ( !  
,colorado1 :i*  #ha  #hj  ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  "h con/itute ! b\nd>y (
 ! ,plateau ,prov9ce4 ,awapa is a ,ute  
"n signify+ ,_m wat]s4  ,all ?ree ( ^!  
plateaus are rem>kable = ! _m lakelets  
f\nd on !m4 ,to ! ea/ are ! ,h5ry       
,m\nta9s1 a gr\p ( volcanic domes t rise
 above ! region4 ,! rocks ( ! c\ntry    
p[ell-canyons-#ej4;jpg  ,,indians       
,,gambl+4  are lime/ones1 s&/ones1 &    
%ales1 orig9ally ly+ 9 horizontal       
altitudes2 b volcanic =ces 7 g5]at$ "u  
!m & lavas boil$ up4 ,^! lavas did n1   
h[ev]1 come to ! surface1 b z !y rose !y
 lift$ ! s&/ones1 %ales1 & lime/ones1 to
 a ?ickness ( #b1jjj or #c1jjj feet or  
m1 into great domes4 ,!n ! molt5 lavas  
cool$ 9 great l5ses ( m\nta9 magnitude1 
) !  #hb p[ell-canyons-#ea4;jpg  ,,ru9  
,,ne> ,,mo5kopi4 p[ell-canyons-#eb4;jpg 
,,ru9s ,,( ,,payupki1 ,,six ,,miles     
,,nor?we/ ,,( ,,ma%ongnavi1 ,,tusayan4  
,,m\nta9s ,,& ,,plateaus4 #hc  s$im5t>y 
rocks dom$ above !m4 ,!n ! cl\ds ga!r$  

ov] ^! domes & wept1 & _! te>s 7 ga!r$ 9
 brooks1 & ! brooks c>v$ canyons d[n !  
sides ( ! domes2 & n[ 9 ^! deep clefts !
 /ructure ( ! m\nta9s is reveal$4 ,!    
l5ses ( volcanic rocks by :i* ! domes 7 
upheav$ are kn[n z laccolites1 i4 e41   
rock lakes4  ,look+ s\?we/w>d f ! ,h5ry 
,m\nta9s ! ,circle ,cliffs are se54 ,a  
great esc>pm5t1 sev]al ?\s& feet 9      
height & #gj or #hj miles 9 l5g?1 faces 
! m\nta94 ,x is ! /ep to ! long1 n>r[   
plateau4 ,! /reams t come d[n across ^! 
cliffs head 9 great symmetric           
amphi!at]s1 & :5 fir/ se5 f above !y    
pres5t a va/ alignm5t ( wall$ circles4  
,! front ( ! cliffs1 se5 f bel[1 is     
ev]y:]e impos+4 ,on ! s\?we/ !          
,escalante ,riv] holds its c\rse4 ,x    
heads 9 ! ,aqu>ius ,plateau & fl[s into 
! ,colorado4 ,its c\rse1 z well z t (   
all its _m tribut>ies1 is 9 deep        
box-canyons ( homog5e\s r$ s&/one1 (t5 )
 v]tical walls t are brok5 by _m        
beautiful alcoves & gl5s4 ,mu* ( !      
region is ( nak$1 smoo?1 r$ rock1 b !   

alcoves & gl5s t break ! canyon walls   
are ! sites ( p]5nial spr+s1 ab\t :i*   
pat*es ( luxuriant v]dure ga!r4  ,!     
,kaip>[its ,plateau is an elevat$       
table-l& on ! s\?we/]n side ( !         
,escalante ,riv]4 ,x is long & n>r[1    
ext5d+ f ! nor?we/ to ! s\!a/           
approximately p>allel ) ! ,escalante4 ,x
 rises above ! r$ s&/one ( ! ,escalante 
region f #b1jjj to #d1jjj feet by a     
front ( /orm-c>v$ cliffs4 ,f ! s\!a/]n  
extremity ( ?is plateau1 at an altitude 
( #g1ejj feet1 an in/ructive view is    
obta9$4 ,"o ( ! great canyons ( !       
,colorado ,riv] c be se5 me&]+ its way  
?r\gh ! r$-rock l&scape4 ,9 ! di/ance1 &
 to ! nor?1 ! ,h5ry ,m\nta9s are 9 view1
 & bel[1 ! canyons ( ! ,escalante & !   
r$-rock l& are 9 sight4 ,across !       
,colorado are ! canyons ( ! ,san ,juan1 
& bel[ ! m\? ( ! ,san ,juan is ! great  
,navajo ,m\nta94 ,/ill to ! s\? ! ,gr&  
,canyon ( ! ,colorado is 9 view1 & 9 !  
we/ a va/ mesa l&scape is pres5t$ ) its 
buttes & p9nacles4 ,/ill to ! s\?w>d    

,p>ia ,riv] is se5 head+ 9 a plateau on 
! m>g9 ( ! prov9ce & hav+ a c\rse a     
little ea/ ( s\? into ! ,colorado4  #hd 
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ,! region
 ( c\ntry :i* has be5 ?us describ$1 f ! 
,tava-puts ,plateau to ! ,p>ia ,riv]1 0 
! home ( a few scatt]$ ,ute ,indians1 :o
 liv$ 9 v small gr\ps1 & :o hunt$ on !  
plateau1 fi%$ 9 ! wat]s1 & dwelt 9 !    
canyons4 ,!re 0 nom9ally b "o tribe1 b z
 ! memb]s ( ?is tribe 7 9 v small p>ties
 & sep>at$ by wide di/ances ! tribal    
bonds 7 v weak & (t5 unrecogniz$4 ,!    
*ief integrat+ ag5cy 0 religion1 = !y   
wor%ip$ ! same gods & p]iodically jo9$ 9
 ! same religi\s c]emonies & fe/ivals4  
,a c\ntry s de/itute ( animal & vegetal 
life w\ld n support l>ge numb]s1 & ! few
 :o dwelt "h ga9$ b a prec>i\s & scant  
subsi/5ce4 ,to a l>ge ext5t !y liv$ on  
se$s & roots4 ,! l[1 w>m canyons furni%$
 admirable %elt] = ! p1 & _! habitual   
co/umes 7 lo9clo?s1 pa9ts1 & necklaces (
 t9y arr[heads made ( ! bright-color$   
agates & c>nelians /rung on snakesk9s4  

,:5 ! ,mormon p encroa*$ on ?is c\ntry f
 ! we/1 & :5 ! ,navajos on ! ea/        
surr5d]$ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 a few      
recalcitrant ,navajos & ! ,utes ( ?is   
region comb9$4 ,!y _h long be5 m or less
 intimately associat$1 & a j>gon spee*  
_h gr[n up by :i* !y c\ld communicate4  
,f9ally1 ! great] numb] ( ^! ,utes &    
r5egade ,navajos took up _! homes       
p]man5tly on ! ea/]n bank ( ! ,colorado 
,riv] betwe5 ! ,gr& & ! ,san ,juan      
riv]s4 ,! ,navajos are ! dom9ant race1  
yet !y live on t]ms ( practical equality
 & affiliate )\t feuds4 ,^! are ! great 
,freeboot]s ( ! ,plateau ,prov9ce--!    
enemies ( o!r tribes & ( ! :ite m54 ,9  
_! canyon =tresses !y h be5 able to hold
 _! gr\nd 9 spite ( _! enemies on e h&4 
,?r\gh\t ! region & ! plateaus by :i* x 
is surr\nd$ & ! m\nta9s by :i* x is     
int]rupt$1 ev]y:]e ru9s ( pueblos & _m  
cliff dwell+s are f\nd4 ,none ( ^!      
anci5t pueblos are on a l>ge scale4 ,!  
h\ses 7 usually "o or two /ories high & 
! hamlets r>ely provid$ %elt] = m ?an   

two doz5 p4 ,"s ( ! h\ses are ( r       
sup]ior ar*itecture1 hav+ well-con/ruct$
 walls ) good geometric proportions4 ,_!
 h\ses 7 pla/]$ on ! inside1 & sometimes
 on ! outside1  #he                     
p[ell-canyons-#ec4;jpg  ,,%upaulovi4    
#hf p[ell-canyons-#ed4;jpg  ,,g5]al     
,,view ,,( ,,zu,i1 ,,look+ ,,we/4       
,,m\nta9s ,,& ,,plateaus4 #hg  & cov]$ )
 flat ro(s ( sun-dri$ mud4 ,! real home 
( ! p 9 _! wak+ h\rs 0 on _! h\setops4  
,! rocks ( ! m\nta9 are et*$ ) _m       
picture-writ+s atte/+ ! arti/ic skill ( 
?is p4 ,! pr$om9ant =m is ! rattlesnake1
 :i* is f\nd 9 ! crevices ( ! rocks on e
 h&4 ,x is inf]r$ t ! p wor%ip$ !       
rattlesnake z "o ( _! *ief deities1 a   
god :o c>ri$ ! _s ( dea? 9 8 m\?4  #hh  
p[ell-canyons-#ee4;jpg  ,,! ,,gray      
,,cliffs4  #hi  ,,*apt] ,,iv4  ,,cliffs 
,,& ,,t]races4  ,,!re is a great gr\p ( 
table-l&s con/itut+ a geographic unit   
:i* h be5 nam$ ! ,t]race ,plateaus4 ,!y 
ex-t5d f ! ,p>ia & ,colorado on ! ea/ to
 ! ,gr& ,wa% & ,p9e ,m\nta9s on ! we/1 &

 !y are b\nd$ on ! s\? by ! ,gr& ,canyon
 ( ! ,colorado1 & on ! nor? !y divide ! 
wat]s ( ! ,colorado f ! wat]s ( !       
,sevi]1 :i* fl[s nor?w>d & !n we/w>d    
until x is lo/ 9 ! s&s ( ! ,great       
,des]t4 ,x is an irregul> sy/em ( great 
plateaus ) subord9ate mesas & buttes    
sep>at$ by l9es ( cliffs & dissect$ by  
canyons4  ,9 ?is region all ( ! features
 :i* h be5 describ$ z f\nd 9 o!r        
portions ( ! prov9ce are gr\p$ except   
only ! cliffs ( volcanic a%es1 !        
volcanic cones1 & ! volcanic domes4 ,!  
volcanic m\nta9s1 c9d] cones1 & c\lees1 
! maje/ic plateaus & elaborate mesas1 ! 
sculptur$ buttes & canyon gorges1 are   
all f\nd "h1 b on a m /up5d\s scale4 ,! 
volcanic m\nta9s are high]1 ! c9d] cones
 are l>g]1 ! c\lees are m ext5sive & are
 (t5 %eets ( nak$1 black rock1 !        
plateaus are m l(ty1 ! cliffs are on a  
gr&] scale1 ! canyons are ( pr(\nd]     
dep?2 & ! ,gr& ,canyon ( ! ,colorado1 ! 
mo/ /up5d\s gorge kn[n on ! globe1 ) a  
great riv] surg+ ?r\gh x1 b\nds x on !  

s\?4  ,! ea/-&-we/ cliffs are esc>pm5ts 
( degradation1 ! nor?-&-s\? cliffs are1 
9 ! ma91 ?\gh n always1 esc>pm5ts (     
displacem5t4 ,let u und]/& :at ?is      
means4 ,ov] ! entire region lime/ones1  
%ales1 & s&/ones 7 deposit$ ?r\gh long  
p]iods ( geologic "t to ! ?ickness ( _m 
?\s&s ( feet2 !n ! c\ntry 0 upheav$ &   
tilt$ t[>d ! nor?2 b ! ,colorado  #ij   
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4           
p[ell-canyons-#ef4;jpg  ,riv] 0 fl[+ :5 
! tilt+ comm5c$1 & ! upheaval 0 v sl[1 s
 t ! riv] cle>$ away ! ob/ruction to its
 *annel z fa/ z x 0 pres5t$1 & ?is is ! 
,gr& ,canyon4 ,! rocks above 7 c>ri$    
away by ra9s & riv]s1 b n ev5ly all ov] 
! c\ntry2 nor by wa%+ out valleys &     
leav+ hills1 b by c>v+ ! c\ntry into    
t]races4 ,! upp] & lat]-=m$ rocks are   
f\nd f> to ! nor?1 _! edges /&+ 9       
cliffs2 !n /ill e>li] rocks are f\nd    
ris+ to ! s\?w>d1 until !y t]m9ate 9    
cliffs2 & !n a ?ird s]ies rises to !    
s\?w>d & ends 9 cliffs1 & f9ally a f\r? 
s]ies1 ! olde/ rocks1 t]m9at+ 9 ! ,gr&  

,canyon wall1 :i* is a l9e ( cliffs4    
,!re are 9 a g5]al way f\r great l9es ( 
cliffs ext5d+ f ea/ to we/ across !     
di/rict & pres5t+ _! faces1 or          
esc>pm5ts1 s\?w>d4 ,if ^! cliffs are    
climb$ x is f\nd t ea* plateau or t]race
 dips g5tly to ! nor?w>d until x meets )
 ano!r l9e ( cliffs1 :i* mu/ be asc5d$  
to rea* ! summit ( ano!r plateau4 ,place
 a book be=e y on a table ) its front   
edge t[>d y1 re/ ano!r book on ! back ( 
?is1 place a ?ird on ! back ( ! second1 
& 9 l mann] a f\r? on ! ?ird4 ,n[ !     
leaves ( ! books dip f y & ! cut edges  
/& 9 t9y esc>pm5ts fac+ y4 ,s ! rock-=m$
 leaves (  #ia  ,v                      
p[ell-canyons-#eg4;jpg  ,a ,,gr\p ,,(   
,,/one ,,corrals4  #ib                  
p[ell-canyons-#eh4;jpg  ,,ru9s4         
,,cliffs ,,& ,,t]races4 #ic  ^! books ( 
geology h ! esc>pm5t edges turn$ s\?w>d1
 :ile ea* book itself dips nor?w>d1 & ! 
cre/ ( ea* plateau book is ! summit ( a 
l9e ( cliffs4 ,^! cliffs ( erosion h be5
 describ$ z runn+ f ea/ to we/1 b !y    

div]ge f t c\rse 9 _m ways4 ,fir/1      
canyons run f nor? to s\? ?r\gh !m1 &   
:]e ^! canyons are f\nd deep angles     
occur2 !n %>p sali5ts ext5d f ! cliffs  
on ! backs ( ! l[] plateaus4 ,ea* great 
esc>pm5t is made up m or less ( m9or    
t]races1 or /eps2 & at ! foot ( ea* gr& 
esc>pm5t !re is always a great talus1 or
 slop+ pile ( rocks1 & _m m>vel\s buttes
 /& 9 front ( ! cliffs4  ,b ^! ea/-&-we/
 cliffs & ! plateaus :i* !y =m are      
divid$ by nor?-&-s\? l9es 9 ano!r mann]4
 ,! c\ntry has be5 fault$ along         
nor?-&-s\? l9es or planes4 ,^! faults   
are breaks 9 ! /rata v>y+ f #a1jjj or   
#b1jjj to #d1jjj or #e1jjj feet 9       
v]ticality4 ,on ! v ea/]n m>g9 ! rocks  
are dropp$ d[n sev]al ?\s& feet1 or1 :i*
 means ! same ?+1 ! rocks are upheav$ on
 ! we/ side2 t is1 ! b$s t 7 orig9ally  
horizontal h be5 diff]5tially displac$1 
s t on ! we/ side ( ! fracture ! /rata  
are sev]al ?\s& feet high] ?an !y are on
 ! ea/ side ( ! fracture4 ,! l9e (      
displacem5t is kn[n z ! ,e*o ,cliff     

,fault4 ,we/ ( ?is ab\t tw5ty-five      
miles1 !re is ano!r fault ) its ?r[ to !
 ea/1 ! upheav$ rocks be+ on ! we/4 ,?is
 fault v>ies f #a1ejj to #b1ejj feet 9  
?r[1 & ext5ds f> to ! nor?w>d4 ,x is    
kn[n z ! ,ea/ ,kaibab ,fault4 ,/ill go+ 
we/w>d1 ano!r fault is f\nd1 kn[n z !   
,we/ ,kaibab ,fault4 ,"h ! ?r[ is on !  
we/ side1--t is1 ! rocks are dropp$ d[n 
to ! we/w>d f #a1jjj to #b1jjj feet4    
,?is fault gradually becomes less to !  
nor?w>d & is flex$ t[>d ! ea/ until x   
jo9s ) ! ,ea/ ,kaibab ,fault4 ,! block  
betwe5 ! two faults is ! ,kaibab        
,plateau4 ,go+ we/w>d f #fj to #gj      
miles1 /ill ano!r fault is f\nd1 kn[n z 
! ,hurricane ,l$ge ,fault4 ,! ?r[ is    
aga9 on ! we/ side ( ! fracture & !     
rocks fall d[n "s ?\s&s ( feet4 ,?is    
fault ext5ds f> nor?w>d into c5tral     
,utah4 ,to ! we/ #be or #cj miles is    
f\nd a fault ) ! ?r[ /ill on ! we/4 ,x  
has a drop ( sev]al ?\s& feet & ext5ds  
across ! ,rio ,colorado f> to  #id      
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ! s\?we/1

 probably beyond ! ,arizona-,new ,mexico
 l9e4 ,x also ext5ds f> to ! nor?1 until
 x is buri$ & lo/ "u ! ,p9e ,valley     
,m\nta9s1 :i* are ( volcanic orig94  ,n[
 let u see :at all ?is means4 ,9 ord]   
cle>ly to und]/& ?is explanation ! read]
 is ref]r$ to ! illu/ration designat$   
,section & ,bird's-,eye ,view ( !       
,plateaus ,nor? ( ! ,gr& ,canyon4 ,/>t+ 
at ! ,gr& ,wa% on ! we/1 ! ,gr& ,wa%    
,cliffs1 =m$ by ! ,gr& ,wa% ,fault1 are 
scal$2 & if we are b a few miles nor? ( 
! ,gr& ,canyon we are on ! ,%iwits      
,plateau4 ,its we/]n b\nd>y is ! ,gr&   
,wa% ,cliffs1 its s\!rn b\nd>y is ! ,gr&
 ,canyon1 & its nor!rn b\nd>y is a l9e (
 cliffs ( degradation1 :i* w be describ$
 h]eaft]4 ,go+ ea/w>d across ! ,%iwits  
,plateau ! ,hurricane ,cliffs are rea*$1
 & climb+ !m we are on ! ,u9k>et        
,plateau1 :i* is b\nd$ on ! s\? by !    
,gr& ,canyon & on ! nor? by ! ,v]milion 
,cliffs1 t rise above its nor!rn foot4  
,/ill go+ ea/w>d #cj or #dj miles to !  
br9k ( ! ,kanab ,canyon1 ! ,we/ ,kanab  

,plateau is cross$1 :i* is b\nd$ by !   
,tor[eap ,fault on ! we/1 sep>at+ x f ! 
,u9k>et ,plateau1 & by ! ,kanab ,canyon 
on ! ea/1 ) ! ,gr& ,canyon on ! s\? & ! 
,v]milion ,cliffs on ! nor?4 ,cross+ !  
,kanab1 we are on ! ,ea/ ,kanab         
,plateau1 :i* ext5ds ab\t #cj miles to !
 foot ( ! ,we/ ,kaibab ,cliffs1 or !    
esc>pm5t ( ! ,we/ ,kaibab ,fault4 ,?is  
canyon also has ! ,gr& ,canyon on ! s\? 
& ! ,v]milion ,cliffs on ! nor?4 ,climb+
 ! ,we/ ,kaibab ,fault1 we are on !     
,kaibab ,plateau4 ,n[ we h be5 climb+ f 
we/ to ea/1 & ea* asc5t has be5 made at 
a l9e ( cliffs4 ,cross+ ! ,kaibab       
,plateau to ! ,ea/ ,kaibab ,cliffs2 !   
c\ntry falls d[n once m to ! top (      
,m>ble ,canyon ,plateau4 ,cross+ ?is    
plateau to ! ea/w>d1 we at la/ rea* !   
,e*o ,cliff ,fault1 :]e ! rocks fall d[n
 on ! ea/]n side once m2 b ! surface ( !
 c\ntry itself does n fall d[n--! lat]  
rocks /ill rema91 & ! g5]al level ( !   
c\ntry is pres]v$ except 9 "o feature ( 
s+ul> int]e/ & beauty1 to describe :i* a

 little fur!r explanation is necess>y4  
,i h spok5 ( ^! nor?-&-s\? faults z if  
!y 7 fractures2 & usually !y are        
fractures1 b 9 "s places !y are flex-   
#ie p[ell-canyons-#ei4;jpg  ,,lagoon    
,,on ,,! ,,kaibab4  #if                 
p[ell-canyons-#fj4;jpg  ,,p9k ,,cliffs1 
,,paunsagunt ,,plateau4  ,,cliffs ,,&   
,,teeeaces4 #ig  ures4 ,! ,e*o ,cliffs  
displacem5t is a flexure4 ,j ov] ! zone 
( flexure a long ridge ext5ds f nor? to 
s\?1 kn[n z ! ,e*o ,cliffs4 ,x is       
compos$ ( a comp>atively h>d & homog5e\s
 s&/one ( a lat] age ?an ! lime/ones ( !
 ,m>ble ,canyon ,plateau we/ ( x2 b !   
flexure dips d[n s z to c>ry ?is s&/one 
:i* =ms ! face ( ! cliff 7pres5t$       
we/w>d7 f> "u ! surface1 s t on ! ea/   
side rocks ( /ill lat] age are f\nd1 !  
drop be+ sev]al ?\s& feet4 ,! incl9$ r$ 
s&/one /&s 9 a ridge m ?an #ge miles 9  
l5g?1 ) an esc>p$ face pres5t$ to ! we/ 
& a face ( incl9$ rock to ! ea/4 ,!     
we/]n side is c>v$ into beautiful       
alcoves & is buttress$ ) a magnific5t   

talus1 & ! r$ s&/one /&s 9 fractur$     
columns ( giant size & m>vel\s beauty4  
,on ! ea/ side ! decl9+ b$s are c>v$    
into pockets1 :i* (t5 hold wat]4 ,?is is
 ! region ( ! ,?\s& ,wells4 ,! foot ( ! 
cliffs on ! ea/ side is sev]al hundr$   
feet above ! foot ( ! cliffs on ! we/   
side4 ,on ! we/ !re is a va/ lime/one   
/ret*1 ! top ( ! ,m>ble ,canyon         
,plateau2 on ! ea/ !re are drift+       
s&-dunes4  ,! t]rac$ l& describ$ has    
?ree sets ( t]races3 "o set on ! ea/1   
great /eps to ! ,kaibab ,plateau2 ano!r 
set on ! we/1 f ! ,great ,bas9 region to
 ! ,kaibab ,plateau2 & a ?ird set f !   
,gr& ,canyon nor?w>d4 ,!re are ?us ?ree 
sets ( cliffs3 cliffs fac+ ! ea/1 cliffs
 fac+ ! we/1 & cliffs fac+ ! s\?4 ,!    
nor?-&-s\? cliffs are made by faults2 ! 
ea/-&-we/ cliffs are made by diff]5tial 
degradation4  ,! /up5d\s cliffs by :i* !
 plateaus are b\nd$ are ( indescribable 
gr&eur & beauty4 ,! cliffs b\nd+ !      
,kaibab ,plateau desc5d on ei!r side1 & 
?is is ! culm9at+ portion ( ! region4   

,all ! o!r plateaus are t]races1 )      
cliffs asc5d+ on ! "o side & desc5d+ on 
! o!r4 ,"s ( ! tables c>ry dead         
volcanoes on _! backs t are t[]+        
m\nta9s1 & all ( !m are dissect$ by     
canyons t are gorges ( pr(\nd dep?4 ,b e
 "o ( ^! plateaus has *>act]i/ics       
peculi> to itself & is wor?y ( its own  
*apt]4 ,on ! nor? !re is a pair (       
plateaus1 tw9s 9 age1 b v di/9ct 9      
developm5t1 ! ,paunsagunt & ,m>kagunt4  
,!y are sep>at$ by ! ,sevi] ,riv]1 :i*  
fl[s nor?w>d4 ,_!  #ih ,,canyons ,,( ,,!
 ,,colorado4  s\!rn m>g9s con/itute !   
highe/ /eps ( ! great sy/em ( t]races ( 
erosion4 ,?is esc>pm5t is kn[n z ! ,p9k 
,cliffs4 ,above1 p9e =e/s are f\nd2 bel[
 ! cliffs are hills & s&-dunes4 ,!      
cliffs !mselves are bold & (t5 v]tical  
walls ( a delicate p9k color4  ,9 "o ( !
 e>li] ye>s ( exploration ,i /ood on !  
summit ( ! ,p9k ,cliffs ( ! ,paunsagunt 
,plateau1 #i1jjj feet above ! level ( ! 
sea4 ,bel[ me1 to ! s\?we/1 ,i c\ld look
 (f into ! canyons ( ! ,virg5 ,riv]1 d[n

 into ! canyon ( ! ,kanab1 & f> away    
into ! ,gr& ,canyon ( ! ,colorado4 ,f ! 
l[l&s ( ! ,great ,bas9 & f ! dep?s ( !  
,gr& ,canyon cl\ds crept up ov] ! cliffs
 & float$ ov] ! l&scape bel[ me1        
conceal+ ! canyons & mantl+ ! m\nta9s & 
mesas & buttes2 /ill on t[>d me ! cl\ds 
roll$1 bury+ ! l&scape 9 _! progress1   
until at la/ ! region bel[ 0 cov]$ by a 
mantle ( /orm--a tumultu\s sea ( roll+  
cl\ds1 black & angry 9 p>ts1 :ite z !   
foam ( cat>acts "h & !re1 & ev]y:]e     
fleck$ ) respl5d5t %e54 ,bel[ me spread 
a va/ ocean ( vapor1 = ,i 0 above !     
cl\ds4 ,on desc5d+ to ! plateau1 ,i f\nd
 t a great /orm _h swept ! l&1 & ! dry  
arroyos ( ! day be=e 7 ! *annels ( a    
?\s& /reams ( tawny wat]1 born ( ! ocean
 ( vapor :i* _h invad$ ! l& be=e my     
vision4  ,bel[ ! ,p9k ,cliffs ano!r     
irregul> zone ( plateaus is f\nd1 /ret*+
 out to ! m>g9 ( ! ,gray ,cliffs4 ,!    
,gray ,cliffs are compos$ ( a homog5e\s 
s&/one :i* 9 "s places wea!rs gray1 b 9 
o!rs is z :ite z virg9 sn[4 ,on ! top ( 

^! cliffs hills & s&-dunes are f\nd1 b  
ev]y:]e on ! ,gray ,cliff m>g9 ! rocks  
are c>v$ 9 fanta/ic =ms2 n 9 buttes &   
t[]s & p9nacles1 b 9 great r\nd$ bosses 
( rock4  #ih  ,! ,virg5 ,riv] heads back
 9 ! ,p9k ,cliffs ( ! ,m>kagunt ,plateau
 & ) its tribut>ies crosses "o ( ^!     
plateaus above ! ,gray ,cliffs1 c>v+ a  
labyr9? ( deep gorges4 ,?is is kn[n z ! 
,colob ,plateau4 ,above1 !re is a va/   
l&scape ( nak$1 :ite & gray s&/one1     
bill[+ 9 fanta/ic bosses4 ,on ! m>g9s ( 
! canyons ^! are r\nd$ (f into great    
v]tical walls1 & at ! bottom ( e w9d+   
canyon a beautiful /ream ( wat] is f\nd 
#ii p[ell-canyons-#fa4;jpg  ,a ,,p]mian 
,,butte4  #ajj p[ell-canyons-#fb4;jpg   
,,v]milion ,,cliffs ,,at ,,kanab4       
,,cliffs ,,& ,,t]races4 #aja  runn+ ov] 
quicks&s4 ,sometimes ! /reams 9 _! curv+
 h cut "u ! rocks1 & ov]hang+ cliffs (  
t[]+ altitudes are se52 & somb] *amb]s  
are f\nd betwe5 buttresses t uphold !   
walls4 ,among ! ,indians ?is is kn[n z !
 ,rock ,rov]s' ,l&1 & is peopl$ by my?ic

 be+s ( uncanny traits4  ,bel[ ! ,gray  
,cliffs ano!r zone ( plateaus is f\nd1  
sep>at$ by ! nor?-&-s\? faults & divid$ 
f ! ,colob s]ies by ! ,gray ,cliffs &   
dem>cat$ f ! plateaus to ! s\? by !     
,v]milion ,cliffs4 ,! ,v]milion ,cliffs 
t face ! s\? are ( surpass+ beauty4 ,!  
rocks are ( orange & r$ above & (       
*ocolate1 lav5d]1 gray1 & br[n t9ts     
bel[4 ,! canyons t cut ?r\gh ! cliffs f 
nor? to s\? are ( great div]sity & all  
are ( pr(\nd int]e/4 ,9 ^! canyon walls 
_m caves are f\nd1 & (t5 ! caves conta9 
lakelets & pools ( cle> wat]4 ,canyons &
 re-entrant angles ab\nd4 ,! faces ( !  
cliffs are t]rac$ & sali5ts project onto
 ! floors bel[4 ,! outly+ buttes are _m4
 ,/&+ away to ! s\? & fac+ ^! cliffs :5 
! sun is go+ d[n beyond ! des]t ( !     
,great ,bas91 %ad[s are se5 to creep    
into ! deep recesses1 :ile ! project+   
=ms are illum9$1 s t ! lights & %ad[s   
are 9 great & %>p contra/2 !n a million 
lights seem to gl[ f a backgr\nd ( black
 gloom1 & a great bank ( ,t>t>ean fire  

/ret*es across ! l&scape4  ,at ! foot ( 
! ,v]milion ,cliffs !re is ev]y:]e a    
zone ( vigor\s junip]s & pions1 = ! belt
 ( c\ntry is favor$ ) comp>atively      
abundant ra94 ,:5 ! cl\ds drift ov] !   
plateaus bel[ f ! s\? & we/ & /rike !   
,v]milion ,cliffs1 !y are abruptly lift$
 #b1jjj feet1 & to make ! climb !y mu/  
unload _! burd5s2 s t "h copi\s ra9s are
 dis*>g$1 & by su* /orms ! cliffs are   
c>v$ & ev] f age to age c>ri$ back f>!r 
to ! nor?4 ,9 ! ,p9k ,cliffs above & !  
,gray ,cliffs & ! ,v]milion ,cliffs1 !re
 are _m not*es t m>k *annels runn+      
nor?w>d :i* _h _! s\rces on ^! plateaus 
:5 !y ext5d$ f>!r to ! s\?4 ,! ,rio     
,virg5 is ! only /ream head+ 9 ! ,p9k   
,cliffs & runn+ into ! ,colorado :i* is 
p]5nial4 ,! o!r riv]s & creeks c>ry     
/reams ( wat] 9 ra9y seasons only4 ,:5 a
 succession ( dry ye>s occurs ! canyons 
com+ ?r\gh !  #ajb ,,canyons ,,( ,,!    
,,colorado4  cliffs are *ok$ bel[1 z va/
 bodies ( s& are deposit$4 ,b n[ & !n1  
t5 or tw5ty ye>s ap>t1 great /orms or   

successions ( /orms come1 & ! *annels   
are flood$ & cut _! way aga9 ?r\gh !    
drift+ s&s to solid rock bel[4 ,?us !   
/reams bel[ are alt]nately *ok$ & cle>$ 
f p]iod to p]iod4  ,to ! s\? ( !        
,v]milion ,cliffs ! la/ s]ies or zone ( 
plateaus nor? ( ! ,gr& ,canyon is f\nd4 
,! summits ( ^! plateaus are ( *]ty     
lime/one4 ,9 ! f> we/ we h ! ,%iwits    
,plateau cov]$ ) %eets ( lava & volcanic
 cones2 !n climb+ ! ,hurricane ,l$ge we 
h ! ,kanab ,plateau1 on ! s\?we/ portion
 ( :i* ! ,u9k>et ,m\nta9s /&--a gr\p (  
dead volcanoes ) _m black c9d] cones    
scatt]$ ab\t4 ,x is int]e/+ to "k h[ ^! 
m\nta9s are =m$4 ,! fir/ eruptions (    
lava 7 long ago1 & !y 7 p\r$ out ^u a   
surface #b1jjj feet or m high] ?an !    
g5]al surface n[ f\nd4 ,aft] ! fir/     
eruptions ( c\lees ! l&s r\nd ab\t 7    
degrad$ by ra9s & riv]s4 ,!n new        
eruptions occurr$ & additional %eets (  
lava 7 p\r$ out2 b ^! came n ?r\gh !    
fir/ *annels1 b ?r\gh lat] ones =m$ ab\t
 ! flanks ( ! eld] b$s ( lava1 s t ! new

 %eets are imbricat$ or %+l$ ov] ! old  
%eets4 ,b ! ov]lap is f bel[ upw>d4 ,!n 
! l& 0 fur!r degrad$1 & a ?ird set (    
c\lees 0 spread /ill l[] d[n on !       
flanks1 & on ^! la/ c\lees ! black c9d] 
cones /&4 ,s ! f\ndations ( ! ,u9k>et   
,m\nta9s are ( lime/ones1 & ^!          
f\ndations are cov]$ ) %eets ( lava     
ov]lapp+ f bel[ upw>d1 & ! la/ c\lees   
are deck$ ) cones4  ,/ill f>!r ea/ is ! 
,kaibab ,plateau1 ! culm9at+ table-l& ( 
! region4 ,x is cov]$ ) a beautiful =e/1
 & 9 ! =e/ *>m+ p>ks are f\nd4 ,its     
s\!rn extremity is a portion ( ! wall ( 
! ,gr& ,canyon2 its we/]n m>g9 is ! wall
 ( ! ,we/ ,kaibab ,fault2 its ea/]n edge
 is ! wall ( ! ,ea/ ,kaibab ,fault2 &   
its nor!rn po9t is f\nd :]e ! two faults
 jo94 ,"h antelope fe$ & _m a de] goes  
b\nd+ ov] ! fall5 timb]4 ,9 w9t] deep   
sn[s lie "h1 b ! plateau has f\r mon?s (
 ! sweete/ summ] man has ev] kn[n4  ,on 
! t]rac$ plateaus ?ree tribes ( ,indians
 are f\nd3 ! ,%iwits 7p ( ! spr+s71 !   
,u9k>ets 7p ( ! p9e  #ajc               

p[ell-canyons-#fc4;jpg  ,a              
,,midsumm]day',s ,,dream ,,on ,,!       
,,colob4  #ajd  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!       
,,colorado4  m\nta9s71 & ! ,unkakaniguts
 7p ( ! r$ l&s1 :o dwell along !        
,v]milion ,cliffs74 ,!y are all ,utes & 
belong to a conf$]acy ) o!r tribes liv+ 
f>!r to ! nor?1 9 ,utah4 ,^! p live 9   
%elt]s made ( b\ghs pil$ up 9 circles & 
cov]$ ) junip] b>k support$ by poles4   
,^! little h\ses are only l>ge en\gh =  
half a doz5 p]sons huddl+ toge!r 9      
sleep4 ,_! aborig9al clo?+ 0 v scant1 ! 
mo/ important be+ p[ell-canyons-#fd4;jpg
  ,,an ,,indian ,,village4  wildcatsk9 &
 wolfsk9 robes = ! m51 & rabbitsk9 robes
 = ! wom51 ?\gh = occasions ( fe/ival !y
 _h clo?+ ( tann$ de] & antelope sk9s1  
(t5 decorat$ ) fanta/ic ornam5ts ( snake
 sk9s1 fea!rs1 & ! tails ( squirrels &  
*ipmunks4 ,a great v>iety ( se$s & roots
 furni% _! food1 & on ! high] plateaus  
!re is mu* game1 especially de] &       
antelope4 ,b ! :ole c\ntry ab\nds )     
rabbits1 :i* are (t5 kill$ ) arr[s &    

,,cliffs ,,& ,,t]races4  #aje  caught 9 
sn>es4 ,e ye> !y h great hunts1 :5      
scores ( rabbits are kill$ 9 a s+le day4
 ,x is manag$ 9 ?is way3 ,!y make nets (
 ! fib] ( ! wild flax & ( "s o!r plant1 
! me%es ( :i* are ab\t an in* across4   
,^! nets are ab\t ?ree & a half feet 9  
wid? & hundr$s ( y>ds 9 l5g?4 ,!y       
arrange p[ell-canyons-#fe4;jpg          
,,ant9a9ts1 ,,putusiv1 ,,& ,,wi*uts1 ,,9
 ,,fe/al ,,dress4  su* a net 9 a circle1
 n q clos$1 support+ x by /akes & p9n+ !
 bottom firmly to ! gr\nd4 ,f ! op5+ ( !
 circle !y ext5d net w+s1 exp&+ 9 a     
broad angle sev]al hundr$ y>ds f ei!r   
side4 ,!n ! entire tribe w beat up a    
great di/rict ( c\ntry & drive ! rabbits
 t[>d ! nets1 & f9ally into  #ajf       
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ! circul>
 sn>e1 :i* is quickly clos$1 :5 !       
rabbits are kill$ ) arr[s4  ,a great    
v>iety ( des]t plants furni% !m food1 z 
se$s1 roots1 & p[ell-canyons-#ff4;jpg   
,,p]spective ,,view ,,( ,,typical       
,,solit>y ,,h\se4  /alks4 ,m ?an fifty  

v>ieties ( su* se$-be>+ plants h be5    
collect$4 ,! se$s !mselves are roa/$1   
gr\nd1 & pres]v$ 9 cakes4 ,! mo/        
abundant food ( ?is nature is d]iv$ f ! 
sunfl[] & ! nuts ( ! pin4 ,!y /ill make 
/one arr[heads1 /one knives1 & /one     
hamm]s1 & k9dle fire ) ! drill4 ,_!     
m$ic9e m5 are fam\s sorc]]s4 ,c\ghs are 
caus$ by invisible w+$ insects1         
rheumatism by fle%-eat+ bugs too small  
to be se51 & ! too?a*e by invisible     
worms4 ,_! heal+ art consi/s 9 se>+ &   
sc>ify+4 ,_! m$ic9e m5 take ! m$ic9e    
!mselves to produce a /ate ( ec/asy1 9  
:i* ! disease pe/s are discov]$4 ,!y    
also practice danc+ ab\t _! pati5ts to  
drive away ! evil be+s or to av]t !     
effects ( sorc]y4 ,:5 a *ild is bitt5 by
 a rattlesnake ! snake is caught &      
br\ght ne> to ! suff]+ ur*91 & c]emonies
 are p]=m$1 all = ! purpose ( prevail+  
^u ! snake to take back ! evil _s4 ,!y h
 q a v>iety ( my?ic p]sonages4 ,! *ief (
 ^! are !  ,,cliffs ,,& ,,tebeaces4     
#ajg  ,enupits1 :o are pigmies dwell+   

ab\t ! spr+s1 & ! ,rock ,rov]s1 :o live 
9 ! cliffs4 ,_! gods are zoic1 & ! *ief 
among !m are ! wolf1 ! rabbit1 ! eagle1 
! jay1 ! rattlesnake1 & ! spid]4 ,!y h  
no k ( ! ambi5t air1 b ! w9ds are !     
brea? ( bea/s liv+ 9 ! f\r qu>t]s ( !   
e>?4 ,:irlw9ds t (t5 bl[ among !        
s&-dunes are caus$ by ! danc+ (         
,enupits4 ,! sky is ice1 & ! ra9 is     
caus$ by ! ,ra9b[ ,god2 he abraids ! ice
 ( ! sky ) 8 scales & ! sn[ falls1 & if 
! wea!r be w>m ! ice melts & x is ra94  
,! sun is a poor slave compell$ to make 
! same j\rney e day s9ce he 0 conqu]$ by
 ! rabbit4 ,^! tribes h a great body (  
romance1 9 :i* ! actors are animals1 & !
 k ( ^! /ories is ! lore ( _! sages4    
,scatt]$ ov] ! plateaus are ! ru9s ( _m 
anci5t /one pueblos1 n unlike ^?        
previ\sly describ$4  ,! ,kanab ,riv]    
head+ 9 ! ,p9k ,cliffs runs directly    
s\?w>d p[ell-canyons-#fg4;jpg           
,,p]spective ,,view ,,op ,,r\nd-,,h\se  
,,/ructure ,,( ,,lava4  & jo9s !        
,colorado 9 ! he>t ( ! ,gr& ,canyon4    

,its way is ?r\gh a s]ies ( canyons4 ,f 
"o ( ^! x em]ges at ! foot ( ! ,v]milion
 ,cliffs1 & "h /ood an ext5sive ru9 n _m
 ye>s ago4 ,"s portions ( ! pueblo 7    
?ree /ories  #ajh  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!    
,,colorado4  high4 ,! /ructure 0 "o ( ! 
be/ f\nd 9 ?is l& ( ru9s4 ,! ,mormon p  
settl+ "h h us$ ! /ones ( ! old pueblo 9
 build+ _! homes1 & n[ no ve/iges ( !   
anci5t /ructure rema94 ,a few miles bel[
 ! t[n o!r ru9s 7 f\nd4 ,!y 7 scatt]$ to
 ,pipe's ,spr+s1 a po9t tw5ty miles to !
 we/w>d4 ,ru9s 7 also discov]$ up !     
/ream z f> z ! ,p9k ,cliffs1 & ea/w>d   
along ! ,v]milion ,cliffs ne>ly to !    
,colorado ,riv]1 & out on ! m>g9 ( !    
,kanab ,plateau4 ,^! 7 all ru9s ( outly+
 habitations be-long+ to ! ,kanab       
pueblo4 ,f ! /udy ( ! exi/+ pueblos f\nd
 else:]e & f ext5sive /udy ( ! ru9s1 x  
seems t ev]y:]e tribal pueblos 7 built (
 consid]able dim5sions1 usually to give 
%elt] to sev]al hundr$ p4 ,!n ! p       
cultivat$ ! soil by irrigation1 & _h    
p[ell-canyons-#fh4;jpg  ,,an ,,anci5t   

,,cliff ,,h\se4  #aji                   
p[ell-canyons-#fi4;jpg  ,a ,,zu,i       
,,eagle ,,cage4  #aaj                   
p[ell-canyons-#gj4;jpg  ,a ,,view ,,(   
,,zu,i4  #aaa  ,,cliffs ,,& ,,t]races4  
_! g>d5s & little fields scatt]$ at wide
 di/ances ab\t ! c5tral pueblo1 by      
little spr+s & /reams & :]ev] !y c\ld   
control ! wat] ) little labor to br+ x  
on ! l&4 ,at su* po9ts /one h\ses 7     
erect$ suffici5t to accommodate f "o to 
two ?\s& p1 & ^! 7 occupi$ dur+ ! season
 ( cultivation & are kn[n z ran*]z4 ,s  
"o great tribe _h its c5tral pueblo &   
its outly+ ran*]z4 ,sometimes ! ran*]z 7
 occupi$ f ye> to ye>1 especially 9 "t (
 peace1 b usually !y 7 occupi$ only dur+
 seasons ( cultivation4 ,su* gr\ps (    
ru9s & pueblos ) accessory ran*]z are   
/ill inhabit$1 & h be5 describ$ z f\nd  
?r\gh\t ! ,plateau ,prov9ce except f> to
 ! nor? beyond ! ,u9ta ,m\nta9s4 ,a     
great pueblo once exi/$ 9 ! ,u9ta       
,valley on ! s\? side ( ! m\nta9s4 ,?is 
is ! mo/ nor!rn pueblo :i* has yet be5  

discov]$4 ,b ! pueblo-build+ tribes     
ext5d$ beyond ! area dra9$ by !         
,colorado4 ,on ! we/ !re 0 a pueblo 9 ! 
,great ,bas9 at ! site n[ occupi$ by    
,salt ,lake ,city1 & sev]al m to !      
s\?w>d1 all on wat]s fl[+ into ! des]t4 
,on ! ea/ su* pueblos 7 f\nd among      
m\nta9s at ! headwat]s ( ! ,arkansas1   
,platte1 & ,canadian riv]s4 ,! entire   
area dra9$ by ! ,rio ,gr&e del ,norte 0 
occupi$ by pueblo tribes1 & a numb] are 
/ill inhabit$4 ,to ! s\? !y ext5d$ f>   
beyond ! t]ritory ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 & !
 s-call$ ,aztec cities 7 r sup]ior      
pueblos ( ?is "*4 ,! kn[n pueblo tribes 
( ! ,unit$ ,/ates belong to sev]al      
diff]5t l+ui/ic /ocks4 ,!y are f> f be+ 
"o homog5e\s p1 = !y h n only diff]5t   
languages b diff]5t religions & wor%ip  
diff]5t gods4 ,^! pueblo peoples are 9 a
 high] grade ( culture ?an mo/ ,indian  
tribes ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,?is is       
exhibit$ 9 ! slight sup]iority ( _!     
arts1 especially 9 _! ar*itecture4 ,x is
 also noticeable 9 _! my?ology &        

religion4 ,_! gods1 ! h]oes ( _! my?s1  
are m (t5 p]sonifications ( ! p[]s &    
ph5om5a ( nature1 & _! religi\s         
c]emonies are m elaborate1 & _! cult    
societies are highly organiz$4 ,z !y _h 
begun to dome/icate animals & to        
cultivate ! soil1 s z to obta9 a "p ( _!
 subsi/5ce by agriculture1 !y _h almo/  
accompli%$ ! asc5t f savag]y  #aab      
p[ell-canyons-#ga4;jpg  ,,walpi ,,dance 
,,rock4  ,,cliffs ,,& ,,t]races4 #aac   
to b>b>ism :5 fir/ discov]$ by ! invad+ 
,european4 ,all ! ,indians ( ,nor?      
,am]ica 7 9 ?is /ate ( transition1 b !  
pueblo tribes _h m ne>ly rea*$ ! high]  
goal4  ,! great numb] ( ru9s f\nd       
?r\gh\t ! l& has (t5 be5 int]pret$ z    
evid5ce ( a mu* l>g] pueblo population  
?an has be5 f\nd 9 po/-,columbian "t4 ,b
 a c>eful /udy ( ! facts does n w>rant  
?is conclusion4 ,x w\ld seem t = v>i\s  
reasons tribes ab&on$ old pueblos &     
built new1 ?us *ang+ _! p]man5t resid5ce
 f "t to "t2 b m frequ5t *anges 7 made 9
 _! ran*]ias4 ,^! 7 b ephem]al1 be+ mov$

 f place to place by ! v>y+ conditions (
 wat] supply4 ,mo/ ( ! /reams ( ! arid  
l& are n p]5nial1 b v _m ( ! small]     
/reams ( ! pueblo region dis*>ge _!     
wat]s into ! l>g] /reams 9 times ( great
 flood4 ,su* floods occur n[ "h1 n[ !re1
 & at v>y+ p]iods1 sometimes fifty ye>s 
ap>t4 ,:5 dry ye>s foll[ "o ano!r = a   
long s]ies1 ! *annels ( ^! int]mitt5t   
/reams are *ok$ ) s& until ! /reams are 
buri$ & lo/4 ,"u su* circum/ances !     
ran*]ias 7 mov$ f dead /ream to liv+    
/ream4 ,9 r>e in/ances pueblos !mselves 
7 remov$ = ?is cause4 ,o!r pueblos1 & ! 
ran*]ias g5]ally1 7 ab&on$ 9 "t ( w>2   
?is seems to h be5 a pot5t cause = mov+4
 ,:5 pe/il5ce attack$ a pueblo ! p w\ld 
sometimes leave 9 a body & nev] return4 
,! cliff pueblos & dwell+s1 ! cavate    
dwell+s1 & ! c9d]-cone t[ns 7 all built 
& occupi$ = def5sive purposes :5 p[]ful 
enemies ?reat5$4 ,! hi/ory ( "s ( ! old 
ru9s has be5 obta9$ & we "k ! exi/+     
tribes :o once occupi$ !m2 o!rs /ill    
rema9 en%r\d$ 9 obscurity4  #aad        

p[ell-canyons-#gb4;jpg  ,a ,,passageway 
,,9 ,,walpi4  #aae  ,,! ,,hurricane     
,,fault4 p[ell-canyons-#gc4;jpg  ,,t[]s 
,,( ,,! ,,v]milion ,,cliffs4  #aaf      
p[ell-canyons-#gd4;jpg  ,,temples ,,&   
,,t[]s ,,( ,,! ,,rio ,,virg54  #aag     
p[ell-canyons-#ge4;jpg  ,,panorama4     
,,upp] ,,view ,,look+ ,,ea/1 ,,) ,,!    
,,gr& ,,canyon ,,9 ,,! ,,di/ance4 ,,l[] 
,,view ,,look+ ,,d[n ,,! ,,tor[eap4     
#aah p[ell-canyons-#gf4;jpg  ,a         
,,passageway ,,9 ,,ma%ongnavi  #aai     
p[ell-canyons-#gg4;jpg  ,,t]rac$ ,,h\ses
 ,,9 ,,zu,i4  #abj  ,,*apt] ,v4  ,,f    
,,gre5 ,,riv] ,,city ,,to ,,flam+       
,,gorge4  ,,9 ! summ] ( #ahfg1 ) a small
 p>ty ( naturali/s1 /ud5ts1 & amateurs l
 myself1 ,i visit$ ! m\nta9 region (    
,colorado ,t]ritory4 ,:ile 9 ,middle    
,p>k ,i explor$ a little canyon ?r\gh   
:i* ! ,gr& ,riv] runs1 imm$iately bel[ !
 n[ well-kn[n wat]+ place1 ,middle ,p>k 
,hot ,spr+s4 ,lat] 9 ! fall ,i pass$    
?r\gh ,c$> ,canyon1 ! gorge by :i* !    
,gr& leaves ! p>k4 ,a result ( ! summ]'s

 /udy 0 to k9dle a desire to explore !  
canyons ( ! ,gr&1 ,gre51 & ,colorado    
riv]s1 & ! next summ] ,i organiz$ an    
exp$ition ) ! int5tion ( p5etrat+ /ill  
f>!r into t canyon c\ntry4  ,z soon z ! 
sn[s 7 melt$1 s t ! ma9 range c\ld be   
cross$1 ,i w5t ov] into ,middle ,p>k1 & 
proce$$ !nce d[n ! ,gr& to ! head ( ,c$>
 ,canyon1 !n across ! ,p>k ,range by    
,gore's ,pass1 & 9 ,octob] f\nd myself &
 p>ty encamp$ on ! ,:ite ,riv]1 ab\t    
#abj miles above its m\?4 ,at t po9t ,i 
built cab9s & e/abli%$ w9t] qu>t]s1     
int5d+ to occupy ! cold season1 z f> z  
possible1 9 explor+ ! adjac5t c\ntry4 ,!
 w9t] ( #ahfh-fi prov$ favorable to my  
purposes1 & sev]al excursions 7 made1   
s\?w>d to ! ,gr&1 d[n ! ,:ite to !      
,gre51 nor?w>d to ! ,yampa1 & ar\nd !   
,u9ta ,m\nta9s4 ,dur+ ^! sev]al         
excursions ,i seiz$ e opportunity to    
/udy ! canyons ?r\gh :i* ^! upp] /reams 
run1 & :ile ?us engag$ =m$ plans = !    
exploration ( ! canyons ( ! ,colorado4  
,s9ce t "t ,i h be5 engag$ 9 execut+ ^! 

plans1 sometimes employ$ 9 ! field1     
sometimes 9 ! (fice4 ,begun orig9ally z 
an exploration1 ! "w 0 f9ally develop$  
into a survey1 embrac+ ! geography1     
geology1 e?nography1 & natural  #aba    
p[ell-canyons-#gh4;jpg  ,,! ,,/>t ,,f   
,,gre5 ,,riv] ,,/ation4  ,,f ,,gre5     
,,riv] ,,city ,,to ,,flam+ ,,gorge4     
hi/ory ( ! c\ntry1 & a numb] ( g5tlem5  
h1 f "t to "t1 assi/$ me 9 ! "w4  ,e>ly 
9 ! spr+ ( #ahfi a p>ty 0 organiz$ = !  
exploration ( ! canyons4 ,boats 7 built 
9 ,*icago & transport$ by rail to ! po9t
 :]e ! ,union ,pacific ,railroad crosses
 ! ,gre5 ,riv]4 ,) ^! we 7 to desc5d !  
,gre5 to ! ,colorado1 & ! ,colorado d[n 
to ! foot ( ! ,gr& ,canyon4  ,may #bd1  
#ahfi4--,! good p ( ,gre5 ,riv] ,city   
turn out to see u />t4 ,we raise our    
little flag1 pu% ! boats f %ore1 & !    
swift curr5t c>ries u d[n4  ,our boats  
are f\r 9 numb]4 ,?ree are built ( oak2 
/an* & firm2 d\ble-ribb$1 ) d\ble /em & 
/]n po/s1 & fur!r /r5g!n$ by bulkheads1 
divid+ ea* into ?ree comp>tm5ts4 ,two ( 

^!1 ! =e & aft1 are deck$1 =m+          
wat]-tight cab9s4 ,x is expect$ ^! w    
buoy ! boats %\ld ! waves roll ov] !m 9 
r\gh wat]4 ,! f\r? boat is made ( p9e1 v
 light1 b #af feet 9 l5g?1 ) a %>p      
cutwat]1 & e way built = fa/ r[+1 &     
divid$ into comp>tm5ts z ! o!rs4 ,!     
little vessels are #ba feet long1 &1    
tak+ out ! c>goes1 c be c>ri$ by f\r m54
  ,we take ) u rations deem$ suffici5t  
to la/ t5 mon?s1 = we expect1 :5 w9t]   
comes on & ! riv] is fill$ ) ice1 to lie
 ov] at "s po9t until spr+ arrives2 & s 
we take ) u abundant supplies ( clo?+1  
likewise4 ,we h also a l>ge quantity (  
ammunition & two or ?ree doz5 traps4 ,= 
! purpose ( build+ cab9s1 repair+ boats1
 & meet+ o!r exig5cies1 we are suppli$ )
 axes1 hamm]s1 saws1 aug]s1 & o!r tools1
 & a quantity ( nails & screws4 ,=      
sci5tific "w1 we h two sextants1 f\r    
*ronomet]s1 a numb] ( b>omet]s1         
!rmomet]s1 compasses1 & o!r in/rum5ts4  
,! fl\r is divid$ into ?ree equal p>ts2 
! meat1 & all o!r articles ( our        

rations1 9 ! same way4 ,ea* ( ! l>g]    
boats has an axe1 hamm]1 saw1 aug]1 &   
o!r tools1 s t all are load$ alike4 ,we 
di/ribute ! c>goes 9 ?is way t we may n 
be entirely de/itute ( "s important     
article %\ld any "o ( ! boats be lo/4 ,9
 ! small boat we pack a "p ( ! sci5tific
  #abb  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4   
in/rum5ts1 ?ree guns1 & ?ree small      
bundles ( clo?+1 only2 & 9 ?is ,i proce$
 9 advance to explore ! *annel4  ,j4 ,c4
 ,sumn] & ,william ,h4 ,dunn are my     
boatm5 9 ! ,emma ,dean2 !n foll[s ,kitty
 ,clyde's ,si/]1 mann$ by ,w4 ,h4 ,p[ell
 & ,g4 ,y4 ,bradley2 next1 ! ,no ,"n1 ) 
,o4 ,g4 ,h[l&1 ,s5eca ,h[l&1 & ,frank   
,goodman2 & la/ comes ! ,maid ( !       
,canyon1 ) ,w4 ,e4 ,hawk9s & ,&rew      
,hall4  ,sumn] 0 a soldi] dur+ ! late   
w>1 & be=e & s9ce t "t has be5 a great  
travel] 9 ! wilds ( ! ,mississippi      
,valley & ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s z an amateur
 hunt]4 ,he is a fair-hair$1            
delicate-look+ man1 b a vet]an 9        
exp]i5ce1 & has p]=m$ ! feat ( cross+ ! 

,rocky ,m\nta9s 9 midw9t] on sn[%oes4   
,he sp5t ! w9t] ( #ahhf-hg 9 ,middle    
,p>k1 ,colorado1 = ! purpose ( mak+ "s  
natural hi/ory collections = me1 &      
succe$$ 9 kill+ ?ree grizzlies1 two     
m\nta9 lions1 & a l>ge numb] ( elk1 de]1
 %eep1 wolves1 beav]s1 & _m o!r animals4
 ,:5 ,bay>d ,taylor travel$ ?r\gh ! p>ks
 ( ,colorado1 ,sumn] 0 8 guide1 & he    
speaks 9 gl[+ t]ms ( ,mr4 ,taylor's     
g5ial qualities 9 camp1 b he 0 mortally 
(f5d$ :5 ! great travel] reque/$ him to 
act z doorkeep] at ,breck5ridge to      
receive ! admission fee f ^? :o att5d$ 8
 lectures4  ,dunn 0 a hunt]1 trapp]1 &  
mule-pack] 9 ,colorado = _m ye>s4 ,he   
dresses 9 bucksk9 ) a d>k oleag9\s lu/]1
 d\btless due to ! fact t he has liv$ on
 fat v5ison & kill$ _m beav]s s9ce he   
fir/ donn$ 8 uni=m ye>s ago4 ,8 rav5    
hair falls d[n to 8 back1 = he has a    
sublime contempt ( %e>s & razors4       
,capta9 ,p[ell 0 an (fic] ( artill]y    
dur+ ! late w> & 0 captur$ on ! #bb;d   
day ( ,july1 #ahfd1 at ,atlanta & s]v$ a

 t5 mon?s' t]m 9 prison at ,*>le/on1 :]e
 he 0 plac$ ) o!r (fic]s "u fire4 ,he is
 sil5t1 moody1 & s>ca/ic1 ?\gh sometimes
 he enliv5s ! camp at night ) a song4   
,he is nev] surpris$ at any?+1 8        
coolness nev] des]ts him1 & he w\ld *oke
 ! bel*+ ?roat ( a volcano if he ?\ght !
 spitfire meant any?+ b fun4 ,we call   
him ,old ,%ady4  ,bradley1 a lieut5ant  
dur+ ! late w>1 & s9ce ord]ly s]geant   
,,f ,,gre5 ,,riv] ,,city ,,to ,,flam+   
,,gorge4  9 ! regul> army1 01 a few     
weeks previ\s to our />t1 dis*>g$1 by   
ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>1 t he might g  
on ?is trip4 ,he is scrupul\sly c>eful1 
& a little mi%ap works him into a       
passion1 p[ell-canyons-#gi4;jpg  ,,view 
,,9 ,,si*umovi4  b :5 labor is ne$$ he  
has a ready h& & p[]ful arm1 & 9 dang]1 
rapid judgm5t & un]r+ skill4 ,a great   
difficulty or p]il *anges ! petulant _s 
into a brave1 g5]\s s\l4                
p[ell-canyons-#hj4;jpg  ,,trail ,,up    
,,walpi ,,mesa4  ,,f ,,gre5 ,,eiv]      
,,city ,,to ,,flam+ ,,gorge4  #abc  ,o4 

,g4 ,h[l& is a pr9t] by trade1 an editor
 by pr(ession1 & a hunt] by *oice4 ,:5  
busily employ$ he usually puts 8 hat 9 8
 pocket1 & 8 ?9 hair & long be>d /ream 9
 ! w9d1 giv+ him a wild look1 mu* l t ( 
,k+ ,le> 9 an illu/rat$ copy (          
,%akespe>e :i* tumbles ar\nd ! camp4    
,s5eca ,h[l& is a quiet1 p5sive "y man1 
& a great favorite ) all4  ,goodman is a
 /rang] to u--a /\t1 will+ ,engli%man1 )
 florid face & m florid anticipations ( 
a glori\s trip4 p[ell-canyons-#ha4;jpg  
,,ridges ,,on ,,bitt] ,,creek4  ,billy  
,hawk9s1 ! cook1 0 a soldi] 9 ! ,union  
,army dur+ ! w>1 & :5 dis*>g$ at its    
close w5t ,we/1 & s9ce !n has be5 engag$
 z team/] on ! pla9s or hunt] 9 !       
m\nta9s4 ,he is an a?lete & a jovial    
good fell[1 :o h>dly seems to "k 8 own  
/r5g?4  ,hall is a ,scot* boy1 n9ete5   
ye>s old1 ) :at seems to u a secondh&   
head1 :i* d\btless came d[n to him f "s 
knight :o wore x dur+ ! ,bord] ,w>s4 ,x 
looks a v old head inde$1 ) deep-set    
blue eyes & beak$ nose4 ,"y z he is1    

,hall has _h exp]i5ce 9 hunt+1 trapp+1 &
 fight+ ,indians1 & he makes ! mo/ ( x1 
= he c tell a good /ory1 & is nev]      
encumb]$ by unnecess>y scruples 9 giv+  
to 8 n>ratives ^? embelli%m5ts :i* help 
to make a /ory complete4 ,he is always  
ready = "w or play & is a good h& at    
ei!r4  ,our boats are heavily load$1 &  
only ) ! utmo/ c>e is x pos-  #abd      
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  sible to 
float 9 ! r\gh riv] )\t %ipp+ wat]4 ,a  
mile or two bel[ t[n we run on a s&b>4  
,! m5 jump into ! /ream & ?us light5 !  
vessels1 s t !y drift ov]1 & on we g4   
p[ell-canyons-#hb4;jpg  ,,mesas4  ,9    
try+ to avoid a rock an o> is brok5 on  
"o ( ! boats1 &1 ?us crippl$1 %e /rikes4
 ,! curr5t is swift & %e is s5t reel+ & 
rock+ into ! eddy4 ,9 ! confusion two   
o!r o>s are lo/ ov]bo>d1 & ! m5 seem q  
discomfit$1 mu* to ! amusem5t ( ! o!r   
memb]s ( ! p>ty4 ,cat*+ ! o>s & />t+    
aga91 ! boats are once m borne d[n !    
/ream1 until we l& at a small cottonwood
 grove on ! bank & camp = noon4  ,dur+ !

 aft]noon we run d[n to a po9t :]e !    
riv] sweeps ! foot ( an ov]hang+ cliff1 
& "h we camp = ! night4 ,! sun is yet   
two h\rs high1 s ,i climb ! cliffs &    
walk back among ! /rangely c>v$ rocks ( 
! ,gre5 ,riv] bad l&s4 ,^! are s&/ones &
 %ales1 gray & buff1 r$ & br[n1 blue &  
black /rata 9 _m alt]nations1 ly+ ne>ly 
horizontal1 & almo/ )\t soil &          
vegetation4 ,!y are v friable1 & ! ra9 &
 /reams h c>v$ !m into qua9t %apes4     
,b>r5 desolation is /ret*$ be=e me2 &   
yet !re is a beauty 9 ! sc5e4 ,!        
fanta/ic c>v+s1 imitat+ ar*itectural =ms
 & sugge/+ rude b weird  ,,f ,,gre5     
,,riv] ,,city ,,to ,,flam+ ,,gorge4     
#abe  /atu>y1 ) ! bright & v>i$ colors (
 ! rocks1 conspire to make a sc5e su* z 
! dwell] 9 v]dure-clad hills c sc>cely  
appreciate4  ,/&+ on a high po9t1 ,i c  
look (f 9 e direction ov] a va/ l&scape1
 ) sali5t rocks & cliffs glitt]+ 9 !    
ev5+ sun4 ,d>k %ad[s are settl+ 9 !     
valleys & gul*es1 & ! heights are made  
high] & ! dep?s deep] by ! glam\r &     

wit*]y ( light & %ade4 ,away to ! s\? ! 
,u9ta ,m\nta9s /ret* 9 a long l9e1--high
 peaks ?ru/ into ! sky1 & sn[ fields    
glitt]+ l lakes ( molt5 silv]1 & p9e    
=e/s 9 somb] gre51 & rosy cl\ds play+   
ar\nd ! bord]s ( huge1 black masses2 &  
heights & cl\ds & m\nta9s & sn[ fields &
 =e/s & rock-l&s are bl5d$ into "o gr&  
view4 ,n[ ! sun goes d[n1 & ,i return to
 camp4  ,may #be4--,we />t e>ly ?is     
morn+ & run along at a good             
p[ell-canyons-#hc4;jpg  ,a ,,valley     
,,we/ ,,( ,,gre5 ,,riv]4  rate until    
ab\t n9e o'clock1 :5 we are br\ght up on
 a gravelly b>4 ,all jump out & help !  
boats ov] by ma9 /r5g?4 ,!n a ra9 comes 
on1 & riv] & cl\ds conspire to give u a 
?or\gh dr5*+4 ,wet1 *ill$1 & tir$ to    
exhau/ion1 we /op at a cotton-  #abf    
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,col*ado4  wood grove
 on ! bank1 build a huge fire1 make a   
cup ( c(fee1 & are soon refre%$ & q     
m]ry4 ,:5 ! cl\ds get out ( our sun%9e  
we />t aga94 ,a few miles f>!r d[n a    
flock ( m\nta9 %eep are se5 on a cliff  

to ! "r4 ,! boats are quietly ti$ up &  
?ree or f\r m5 g aft] !m4 ,9 ! c\rse (  
two p[ell-canyons-#hd4;jpg  ,,alcove    
,,l&s4  or ?ree h\rs !y return4 ,! cook 
has be5 successful 9 br++ d[n a fat     
lamb4 ,! unsuccessful hunt]s taunt him )
 f9d+ x dead2 b x is soon dress$1 cook$1
 & eat51 & makes a f9e f\r o'clock d9n]4
  ,all abo>d1 & d[n ! riv] = ano!r doz5 
miles4 ,on ! way we pass ! m\? (        
,black's ,=k1 a dirty little /ream t    
seems some:at swoll54 ,j bel[ its m\? we
 l& & camp4  ,may #bf4--,to-day we pass 
sev]al curi\sly %ap$ buttes1 /&+ betwe5 
! we/ bank ( ! riv] & ! high bluffs     
beyond4 ,^! buttes are outli]s ( ! same 
b$s ( rocks z are expos$ on ! faces ( ! 
bluffs1--?9ly lam9at$ %ales & s&/ones ( 
_m colors1 /&+ above 9 v]tical cliffs & 
buttress$ bel[ ) a wat]-c>v$ talus2 "s (
 !m atta9 an altitude ( ne>ly a ?\s&    
feet above ! level ( ! riv]4  ,,f ,,gre5
 ,,riv] ,,city ,,to ,,flam+ ,,gorge4    
#abg  ,we glide quietly d[n ! placid    
/ream pa/ ! c>v$ cliffs ( ! mauvaises   

t]res1 n[ & !n obta9+ glimpses ( di/ant 
m\nta9s4 ,occasionally1 de] are />t$ f !
 glades among ! will[s2 & sev]al wild   
geese1 aft] a *ase ?r\gh ! wat]1 are    
%ot4 ,aft] d9n] we pass ?r\gh a %ort &  
n>r[ canyon into a broad valley2 f ?is1 
long1 lat]al valleys /ret* back on ei!r 
side z f> z ! eye c rea*4  ,two or ?ree 
miles bel[1 ,h5ry's ,=k ent]s f ! "r4   
,we l& a %ort di/ance above ! junction1 
:]e a ca*e ( in/rum5ts & rations 0 made 
sev]al mon?s ago 9 a cave at ! foot ( ! 
cliff1 a di/ance back f ! riv]4 ,"h !y 7
 safe f ! elem5ts & wild bea/s1 b n f   
man4 ,"s anxiety is                     
p[ell-canyons-#he4;jpg  ,,bad ,,l&s4    
felt1 z we h le>n$ t a p>ty ( ,indians h
 be5 camp$ ne> ! place = sev]al weeks4  
,our fe>s are soon allay$1 = we f9d !   
ca*e undi/urb$4 ,our *ronomet] :eels h n
 be5 tak5 = hair ornam5ts1 our b>omet]  
tubes = beads1 or ! sextant ?r[n into ! 
riv] z bad m$ic9e1 z _h be5 pr$ict$4    
,tak+ up our ca*e1 we pass d[n to ! foot
 ( ! ,u9ta ,m\nta9s & 9 a cold /orm g   

into camp4  #abh  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!     
,,colorado4  ,! riv] is runn+ to ! s\?2 
! m\nta9s h an ea/]ly & we/]ly tr5d     
directly a?w>t its c\rse1 yet x glides  
on 9 a quiet way z if x ?\ght a m\nta9  
range no =midable ob/ruction4 ,x ent]s !
 range by a fl>+1 brilliant r$ gorge1 t 
may be se5 f ! nor? a score ( miles     
away4 ,! great mass ( !                 
p[ell-canyons-#hf4;jpg  ,,our ,,indian  
,,guide4  m\nta9 ridge ?r\gh :i* ! gorge
 is cut is compos$ ( bright v]milion    
rocks2 b !y are surm\nt$ by broad b&s ( 
mottl$ buff & gray1 & ^! b&s come d[n ) 
a g5tle curve to ! wat]'s edge on ! ne>]
 slope ( ! m\nta94  ,?is is ! head ( !  
fir/ ( ! canyons we are ab\t to         
explore--an introductory "o to a s]ies  
made by ! riv] ?r\gh ?is  ,,f ,,gre5    
,,riv] ,,city ,,to ,,flam+ ,,gorge4     
#abi  range4 ,we "n x ,flam+ ,gorge4 ,! 
cliffs1 or walls1 we f9d on measurem5t  
to be ab\t #a1bjj feet high4  ,may      
#bg4--,to-day x ra9s1 & we employ ! "t 9
 repair+ "o ( our b>omet]s1 :i* 0 brok5 

on ! way f ,new ,york4 ,a new tube has  
to be put 92 t is1 a long glass tube has
 to be fill$ ) m]cury1 f\r or five in*es
 at a "t1 & ea* in/allm5t boil$         
p[ell-canyons-#hg4;jpg  ,,our ,,guide',s
 ,,boy4  ov] a _s lamp4 ,x is a delicate
 task to d ?is )\t break+ ! glass2 b we 
h success1 & are ready to measure       
m\nta9s once m4  ,may #bh4--,to-day we g
 to ! summit ( ! cliff on ! left & take 
obs]vations = altitude1 & are v>i\sly   
employ$ 9 topographic & geologic "w4    
#acj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4     
,may #bi4--,?is morn+ ,bradley & ,i     
cross ! riv] & climb m ?an a ?\s& feet  
to a po9t :]e we c see ! /ream sweep+ 9 
a long1 beautiful curve ?r\gh ! gorge   
bel[4 ,turn+ & look+ to ! we/1 we c see 
! valley ( ,h5ry's ,=k1 ?r\gh :i*1 = _m 
miles1 ! little riv] fl[s 9 a tortu\s   
*annel4 ,cottonwood groves are plant$ "h
 & !re along its c\rse1 & betwe5 !m are 
/ret*es ( grass l&4 ,! n>r[ m\nta9      
valley is inclos$ on ei!r side by slop+ 
walls ( nak$ rock ( _m                  

p[ell-canyons-#hh4;jpg  ,,gre5 ,,riv]   
,,pla9s4  bright colors4 ,to ! s\? ( !  
valley are ! ,u9tas1 & ! peaks ( !      
,wasat* ,m\nta9s c be fa9tly se5 9 ! f> 
we/4 ,to ! nor?1 des]t pla9s1 dott$ "h &
 !re ) curi\sly c>v$ hills & buttes1    
ext5d to ! limit ( vision4  ,= _m ye>s  
?is valley has be5 ! home ( a numb] (   
m\nta9e]s1 :o 7 orig9ally hunt]s &      
trapp]s1 liv+ ) ! ,indians4 ,mo/ ( !m h 
"o or m ,indian wives4 ,!y no long] roam
 ) ! nomadic tribes 9 pursuit ( bucksk9 
or beav]1 b h accumulat$ h]ds ( cattle &
 horses1 & consid] !mselves q well to d4
 ,"s ( !m h built cab9s2 o!rs  ,,f      
,,gre5 ,,riv] ,,city ,,to ,,flam+       
,,gorge4  #aca  /ill live 9 lodges4     
,john ,bak] is "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ^! m51
 & f our po9t ( view we c see 8 lodge1  
?ree or f\r miles up ! riv]4  ,! di/ance
 f ,gre5 ,riv] ,city to ,flam+ ,gorge is
 #fb miles4 ,! riv] runs betwe5 bluffs1 
9 "s places /&+ s close to ea* o!r t no 
flood pla9 is se54 ,at su* a po9t ! riv]
 might prop]ly be said to run ?r\gh a   

canyon4 ,! bad l&s on ei!r side are     
int]rupt$ "h & !re by pat*es (          
,artemisia1 or sage bru%4 ,:]e !re is a 
flood pla9 along ei!r side ( ! riv]1 a  
few cottonwoods may be se54             
p[ell-canyons-#hi4;jpg  ,,! ,,*ief      
,,kiva ,,( ,,%upaulovi4  #acb           
p[ell-canyons-#ij4;jpg  ,,walpi4  #acc  
,,*apt] ,,vi4  ,,f ,,flam+ ,,gorge ,,to 
,,! ,,gate ,,( ,,lodore4  ,,"o mu/ n ?9k
 ( a m\nta9 range z a l9e ( peaks /&+ on
 a pla91 b z a broad plat=m _m miles    
wide f :i* m\nta9s h be5 c>v$ by !      
wat]s4 ,"o mu/ conceive1 too1 t ?is     
plateau is cut by gul*es & canyons 9 _m 
directions & t beautiful valleys are    
scatt]$ ab\t at diff]5t altitudes4 ,!   
fir/ s]ies ( canyons we are ab\t to     
explore con/itutes a riv] *annel ?r\gh  
su* a range ( m\nta9s4 ,! canyon is cut 
ne>ly halfway ?r\gh ! range1 !n turns to
 ! ea/ & is cut along ! c5tral l9e1 or  
axis1 gradually cross+ x to ! s\?4      
,keep+ ?is direction = m ?an #ej miles1 
x !n turns abruptly to a s\?we/ c\rse1 &

 goes diagonally ?r\gh ! s\!rn slope ( !
 range4  ,?is mu* we "k be=e ent]+1 z we
 made a p>tial exploration ( ! region   
la/ fall1 climb+ _m ( its peaks1 & 9 a  
few places rea*+ ! br9k ( ! canyon walls
 & look+ ov] precipices _m hundr$s (    
feet high to ! wat] bel[4  ,"h & !re !  
walls are brok5 by lat]al canyons1 !    
*annels ( little /reams ent]+ ! riv]4   
,?r\gh two or ?ree ( ^! we f\nd our way 
d[n to ! ,gre5 9 e>ly w9t] & walk$ along
 ! l[ wat]-bea* at ! foot ( ! cliffs =  
sev]al miles4 ,:]e ! riv] has ?is g5]al 
ea/]ly direction ! we/]n "p only has cut
 = itself a canyon1 :ile ! ea/]n has =m$
 a broad valley1 call$1 9 honor ( an    
old-"t trapp]1 ,br[n's ,p>k1 & long kn[n
 z a favorite w9t] resort = m\nta9 m5 & 
,indians4  ,may #cj4--,?is morn+ we are 
ready to ent] ! my/]i\s canyon1 & />t ) 
"s anxiety4 ,! old m\nta9e]s tell u t x 
_c be run2 ! ,indians say1 ,wat] heap   
cat* 'em2 b all are eag] = ! trial1 & (f
 we g4  #acd  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!         
,,colorado4  ,ent]+ ,flam+ ,gorge1 we   

quickly run ?r\gh x on a swift curr5t & 
em]ge into a little p>k4 ,half a mile   
bel[1 ! riv] :eels %>ply to ! left &    
ent]s ano!r canyon cut into ! m\nta94   
,we ent] ! n>r[ passage4 ,on ei!r side !
 walls rapidly increase 9 altitude4 ,on 
! left are ov]hang+ l$ges &             
cliffs1--#ejj1 #a1jjj1 #a1ejj feet high4
  ,on ! "r ! rocks are brok5 & ragg$1 & 
! wat] fills ! *annel f cliff to cliff4 
,n[ ! riv] turns abruptly ar\nd a po9t  
to ! "r1 & ! wat]s plunge swiftly d[n   
among great rocks2 & "h we h our fir/   
exp]i5ce ) canyon rapids4 ,i /& up on ! 
deck ( my boat to seek a way among !    
wave-beat5 rocks4 ,all untri$ z we are )
 su* wat]s1 ! mom5ts are fill$ ) int5se 
anxiety4 ,soon our boats rea* ! swift   
curr5t2 a /roke or two1 n[ on ?is4 side1
 n[ on t1 & we ?read ! n>r[ passage )   
exhil>at+ ,velocity1 m\nt+ ! high waves1
 ^: foam+ cre/s da% ov] u1 & plung+ into
 ! tr\ghs1 until we rea* ! quiet wat]   
bel[4 ,!n comes a feel+ ( great relief4 
,our fir/ rapid is run4 ,ano!r mile1 &  

we come into ! valley aga94             
p[ell-canyons-#ia4;jpg  ,,camp ,,at     
,,flam+ ,,gorge  #ace                   
p[ell-canyons-#ib4;jpg  ,,ma%ongnavi1   
,,) ,,%upaulovi ,,9 ,,! ,,di/ance4  #acf
 p[ell-canyons-#ic4;jpg  ,,horse%oe     
,,canyon4  ,,f ,,flam+ ,,gorge ,,to ,,! 
,,gate ,,( ,,lodore4 #acg  ,let me      
expla9 ?is canyon4 ,:]e ! riv] turns to 
! left above1 x takes a c\rse directly  
into ! m\nta91 p5etrat+ to its v he>t1  
!n :eels back ^u itself1 & runs out into
 ! valley f :i* x />t$ only half a mile 
bel[ ! po9t at :i* x ent]$2 s ! canyon  
is 9 ! =m ( an elongat$ lett] ,u1 ) !   
apex 9 ! c5t] ( ! m\nta94 ,we "n x      
,horse%oe ,canyon4  ,soon we leave !    
valley & ent] ano!r %ort canyon1 v n>r[ 
at fir/1 b wid5+ bel[ z ! canyon walls  
increase 9 height4 ,"h we discov] ! m\? 
( a beautiful little creek com+ d[n     
?r\gh its n>r[ wat]-worn cleft4 ,j at   
its entrance !re is a p>k ( two or ?ree 
hundr$ acres1 wall$ on e side by almo/  
v]tical cliffs hundr$s ( feet 9         

altitude1 ) ?ree gateways ?r\gh !       
walls--"o up ! riv]1 ano!r d[n1 & a ?ird
 ?r\gh :i* ! creek comes 94 ,! riv] is  
broad1 deep1 & quiet1 & its wat]s mirror
 t[]+ rocks4  ,k+fi%]s are play+ ab\t ! 
/reams1 & s we adopt z names ,k+fi%]    
,creek1 ,k+fi%] ,p>k1 & ,k+fi%] ,canyon4
 ,at night we camp at ! foot ( ?is      
canyon4  ,our g5]al c\rse ?is day has   
be5 s\?1 b "h ! riv] turns to ! ea/     
ar\nd a po9t :i* is r\nd$ to ! %ape ( a 
dome4 ,on its sides little cells h be5  
c>v$ by ! action ( ! wat]1 & 9 ^! pits1 
:i* cov] ! face ( ! dome1 hundr$s (     
swall[s h built _! ne/s4 ,z !y flit ab\t
 ! cliffs1 !y look l sw>ms ( bees1 giv+ 
to ! :ole ! appe>ance ( a colossal      
beehive ( ! old-"t =m1 & s we "n x      
,beehive ,po9t4  ,! opposite wall is a  
va/ amphi!at]1 ris+ 9 a succession (    
t]races to a height ( #a1bjj or #a1ejj  
feet4 ,ea* /ep is built ( r$ s&/one1 ) a
 face ( nak$ r$ rock & a glacis clo!d ) 
v]dure4 ,s ! amphi!at] seems b&$ r$ &   
gre51 & ! ev5+ sun is play+ ) roseate   

fla%es on ! rocks1 ) %imm]+ gre5 on !   
c$>s' spray1 & ) iridesc5t gleams on !  
danc+ waves4 ,! l&scape revels 9 !      
sun%9e4  ,may #ca4--,we />t d[n ano!r   
canyon & rea* rapids made dang]\s by    
high rocks ly+ 9 ! *annel2 s we run     
a%ore & let our boats d[n ) l9es4 ,9 !  
aft]noon we come to m dang]\s rapids &  
/op to exam9e !m4 ,i f9d we mu/ d ! same
 "w  #ach #h ,,canyons ,,( ,,!          
,,colorado4  aga91 b1 be+ on ! wrong    
side ( ! riv] to obta9 a foo?old1 mu/   
fir/ cross ov]--no v easy matt] 9 su* a 
curr5t1 ) rapids & rocks bel[4 ,we take 
! pione] boat1 ,emma ,dean1 ov]1 &      
unload h] on ! bank2 !n %e returns &    
takes ano!r load4 ,runn+ back & =?1 %e  
soon has half our c>go ov]4 ,!n "o ( !  
l>g] boats is mann$ & tak5 across1 b is 
c>ri$ d[n almo/ to ! rocks 9 spite ( h>d
 r[+4 ,! o!r boats foll[ & make ! l&+1 &
 we g into camp = ! night4  ,at ! foot (
 ! cliff on ?is side !re is a long slope
 cov]$ ) p9es2 "u ^! we make our b$s1 & 
soon aft] sunset are seek+ re/ & sleep4 

,! cliffs on ei!r side are ( r$ s&/one &
 /ret* t[>d ! heav5s #b1ejj feet4 ,on   
?is side ! long1 p9e-clad slope is      
surm\nt$ by p]p5dicul> cliffs1 ) p9es on
 _! summits4 ,! wall on ! o!r side is   
b>e rock f ! wat]'s edge up #b1jjj feet1
 !n slopes back1 giv+ foot+ to p9es &   
c$>s4  ,z ! twilight deep5s1 ! rocks gr[
 d>k & somb]2 ! ?reat5+ ro> ( ! wat] is 
l\d & con/ant1 & ,i lie awake ) ?\ghts (
 ! morr[ & ! canyons to come1 int]rupt$ 
n[ & !n by *>act]i/ics ( ! sc5]y t      
attract my att5tion4 ,& "h ,i make a    
discov]y4 ,on look+ at ! m\nta9 directly
 9 front1 ! /eepness ( ! slope is       
greatly exagg]at$1 :ile ! di/ance to its
 summit & its true altitude are         
correspond+ly dim9i%$4 ,i h h]et(ore    
f\nd t to judge prop]ly ( ! slope ( a   
m\nta9 side1 "o mu/ see x 9 pr(ile4 ,9  
com+ d[n ! riv] ?is aft]noon1 ,i obs]v$ 
! slope ( a p>ticul> "p ( ! wall & made 
an e/imate ( its altitude4 ,:ile at     
supp]1 ,i notic$ ! same cliff f a       
position fac+ x1 & x seem$ /eep]1 b n   

half s high4 ,n[ ly+ on my side & look+ 
at x1 ! true proportions appe>4 ,?is    
seems a wond]1 & ,i rise to take a view 
( x /&+4 ,x is ! same cliff z at supp]  
"t4 ,ly+ d[n aga91 x is ! cliff z se5 9 
pr(ile1 ) a long slope & di/ant summit4 
,mus+ on ?is1 ,i =get ! morr[ & !       
canyons to come2 ,i h f\nd a way to     
e/imate ! altitude & slope ( an         
incl9ation1 9 l mann] z ,i c judge (    
di/ance along ! horizon4 ,! reason is   
simple4 ,a ref]5ce to ! /]eoscope w  ,,f
 ,,flam+ ,,goege ,,to ,,! ,,gate ,,(    
,,lodoee4  #aci  sugge/ x4 ,! di/ance   
betwe5 ! eyes =ms a base l9e = optical  
triangulation4  ,june #a4--,to-day we h 
an excit+ ride4 ,! riv] rolls d[n !     
canyon at a wond]ful rate1 &1 ) no rocks
 9 ! way1 we make  #adj                 
p[ell-canyons-#id4;jpg  ,,sc5e ,,9 ,,h&4
  almo/ railroad spe$4 ,"h & !re ! wat] 
ru%es into a n>r[ gorge2 ! rocks on !   
side roll x into ! c5t] 9 great waves1 &
 ! boats g leap+ & b\nd+ ov] ^! l ?+s ( 
life1 rem9d+ me ( sc5es witness$ 9      

,middle ,p>k--h]ds ( />tl$ de] b\nd+    
?r\gh =e/s beset ) fall5 timb]4 ,i  #adj
 p[ell-canyons-#ie4;jpg  ,,pescado      
,,pueblo----,,outside ,,/eps4  ,,f      
,,flam+ ,,gorge ,,to ,,! ,,gate ,,(     
,,lodore4  #ada  m5tion ! resemblance to
 "s ( ! hunt]s1 & s /rik+ is x t !      
expression1 ,see ! blacktails jump+ !   
logs1 comes to be a common "o4 ,at times
 ! waves break & roll ov] ! boats1 :i*  
necessitates mu* bail+ & obliges u to   
/op occasionally = t purpose4 ,at "o "t 
we run twelve miles 9 an h\r1 /oppages  
includ$4  ,la/ spr+ ,i _h a conv]sation 
) an old ,indian nam$ ,priate1 :o told  
me ab\t "o ( 8 tribe attempt+ to run ?is
 canyon4 ,! rocks1 he said1 hold+ 8 h&s 
above 8 head1 8 arms v]tical1 & look+   
betwe5 !m to ! heav5s1 ! rocks h-e-a-p1 
p[ell-canyons-#if4;jpg  ,,ov5 ,,ne>     
,,pescado ,,pueblo4  h-e-a-p high2 !    
wat] g h-oo-woogh1 h-oo-woogh2 wat]-pony
 li-e-a-p buck2 wat] cat* 'em2 no see   
'em ,injun any m6 no see 'em squaw any  
m6 no see 'em papoose any m6  ,^? :o h  

se5 ^! wild ,indian ponies re>+         
alt]nately be=e & beh9d1 or buck+1 z x  
is call$ 9 ! v]nacul>1 w appreciate 8   
description4  ,at la/ we come to calm   
wat]1 & a ?reat5+ ro> is he>d 9 !       
di/ance4 ,sl[ly approa*+ ! po9t :5ce !  
s\nd issues1 we come ne> to falls1 & tie
 up j above !m on ! left4 ,"h we %all be
 compell$ to make a portage2 s we unload
 ! boats1  #adb  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!      
,,colorado4 p[ell-canyons-#ig4;jpg      
,,primitive ,,&iron ,,9 ,,%umopavi4  &  
fa/5 a long l9e to ! b[ ( ! small] "o1 &
 ano!r to ! /]n1 & moor h] close to !   
br9k ( ! fall4 ,!n ! b[l9e is tak5 bel[ 
& made fa/2 ! /]n l9e is held by five or
 six m51 & ! boat let d[n z long z !y c 
hold h] aga9/ ! ru%+ wat]s2 !n1 lett+ g 
"o end ( ! l9e1 x runs ?r\gh ! r+2 !    
boat leaps ov] ! fall & is caught by !  
l[] rope4  ,n[ we re/ = ! night4  ,june 
#b4--,?is morn+ we make a trail among ! 
rocks1 transport ! c>goes to a po9t bel[
 ! fall1 let ! rema9+ boats ov]1 & are  
ready to />t be=e noon4  ,on a high rock

 by :i* ! trail passes we f9d !         
inscription3 ,a%ley #ah-e4 ,! ?ird      
figure is obscure--"s ( ! p>ty read+ x  
#ahce1 "s #ahee4 ,james ,bak]1 an old-"t
 m\nta9e]1 once told me ab\t a p>ty ( m5
 />t+ d[n ! riv]1 & ,a%ley 0  ,,f       
,,flam+ ,,gorge ,,to ,,! ,,gate ,,(     
,,lodore4  #adc  nam$ z "o4 ,! /ory runs
 t ! boat 0 swamp$1 & "s ( ! p>ty dr[n$ 
9 "o ( ! canyons bel[4 ,! ^w ,a%ley is a
 w>n+ to u1 & we resolve on great       
caution4 ,a%ley ,falls is ! "n we give  
to ! cat>act4  ,! riv] is v n>r[1 ! "r  
wall v]tical = #bjj or #cjj feet1 ! left
 t[]+ to a great height1 ) a va/ pile ( 
brok5 rocks ly+ betwe5 ! foot ( ! cliff 
& ! wat]4 ,"s ( ! rocks brok5 d[n f !   
l$ge above h tumbl$ into ! *annel &     
caus$ ?is fall4 ,"o great cubical block1
 ?irty or =ty feet high1 /&s 9 ! middle 
( ! /ream1 & ! wat]s1 p>t+ to ei!r side1
 plunge d[n ab\t twelve feet1 & are     
brok5 aga9 by ! small] rocks into a     
rapid bel[4 ,imm$iately bel[ ! falls !  
wat] occupies ! entire *annel1 !re be+  

no talus at ! foot ( ! cliffs4          
p[ell-canyons-#ih4;jpg  ,,tusayan       
,,heal+-,,/ones4  #add                  
p[ell-canyons-#ii4;jpg  ,k#a,,va ,,&    
,,/one ,,corrals ,,( ,,ma%ongnavi4  ,,f 
,,flam+ ,,gorge ,,to ,,! ,,gate ,,(     
,,lodore4 #ade  ,we emb>k & run d[n a   
%ort di/ance1 :]e we f9d a l&+-place =  
d9n]4  ,on ! waves aga9 all ! aft]noon4 
,ne> ! l[] end ( ?is canyon1 to :i* we h
 giv5 ! "n ( ,r$ ,canyon1 is a little   
p>k1 :]e /reams come d[n f di/ant m\nta9
 summits & ent] ! riv] on ei!r side2 &  
"h we camp = ! night "u two /ately p9es4
  ,june #c4--,?is morn+ we spread our   
rations1 clo!s1 etc41 on ! gr\nd to dry1
 & sev]al ( ! p>ty g out = a hunt4 ,i   
take a walk ( five or six miles up to a 
p9e-grove p>k1 its grassy c>pet b$eck$ )
 crimson velvet fl[]s1 set 9 gr\ps on ! 
/ems ( pe>-%ap$ cactus plants2 pat*es ( 
pa9t$ cups are se5 "h & !re1 ) yell[    
blossoms protrud+ ?r\gh sc>let bracts2  
little blue-ey$ fl[]s are peep+ ?r\gh ! 
grass2 & ! air is fill$ ) fragrance f ! 

:ite blossoms ( ! ,spiraea4 ,a m\nta9   
brook runs ?r\gh ! mid/1 pond$ bel[ by  
beav] dams4 ,x is a quiet place =       
retirem5t f ! rag+ wat]s ( ! canyon4  ,x
 w be rememb]$ t ! c\rse ( ! riv] f     
,flam+ ,gorge to ,beehive ,po9t is 9 a  
s\!rly direction & at "r angles to !    
,u9ta ,m\nta9s1 & cuts into ! range     
until x rea*es a po9t )9 five miles ( ! 
cre/1 :]e x turns to ! ea/ & pursues a  
c\rse n q p>allel to ! tr5d ( ! range1 b
 crosses ! axis sl[ly 9 a direction a   
little s\? ( ea/4 ,?us !re is a         
triangul> tract betwe5 ! riv] & ! axis (
 ! m\nta91 ) its acute angle ext5d+     
ea/w>d4 ,i climb ! m\nta9 ov]look+ ?is  
c\ntry4 ,to ! ea/ ! peaks are n v high1 
& already mo/ ( ! sn[ has melt$1 b      
little pat*es lie "h & !re "u ! lee (   
l$ges ( rock4 ,to ! we/ ! peaks gr[     
high] & ! sn[ fields l>g]4 ,betwe5 !    
br9k ( ! canyon & ! foot ( ^! peaks1 !re
 is a high b5*4 ,a numb] ( creeks h _!  
s\rces 9 ! sn[banks to ! s\? & run nor? 
into ! canyon1 tumbl+ d[n f #c1jjj to   

#e1jjj feet 9 a di/ance ( five or six   
miles4 ,along _! upp] c\rses !y run     
?r\gh grassy valleys1 b z !y approa* ,r$
 ,canyon !y rapidly disappe> "u ! g5]al 
surface ( ! c\ntry1 & em]ge into !      
canyon bel[ 9  #adf  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!  
,,colorado4  deep1 d>k gorges ( _! own4 
,ea* ( ^! %ort lat]al canyons is m>k$ by
 a succession ( cascades & a wild       
confusion ( rocks & trees & fall5 timb] 
& ?ick und]gr[?4  ,! little valleys     
above are beautiful p>ks2 betwe5 ! p>ks 
are /ately p9e =e/s1 half hid+ l$ges (  
r$ s&/one4 ,mule de] & elk ab\nd2       
grizzly be>s1 too1 are abundant2 & "h   
wild cats1 wolv]9es1 & m\nta9 lions are 
at home4 ,! =e/ aisles are fill$ ) !    
music ( birds1 & ! p>ks are deck$       
p[ell-canyons-#ajj4;jpg  ,,hogbacks1 ,,)
 ,,int]v5+ ,,valleys4  ) fl[]s4 ,noisy  
brooks me&] ?r\gh !m2 l$ges ( moss-cov]$
 rocks are se52 & gleam+ 9 ! di/ance are
 ! sn[ fields1 & ! m\nta9 tops are away 
9 ! cl\ds4  ,june #d---,we />t e>ly &   
run ?r\gh to ,br[n's ,p>k4 ,halfway d[n 

! valley1 a spur ( a r$ m\nta9 /ret*es  
across ! riv]1 :i* cuts a canyon ?r\gh  
x4 ,"h ! walls are comp>atively l[1 b   
v]tical4 ,a va/ numb] ( swall[s h built 
_! adobe h\ses on ! face ( ! cliffs1 on 
ei!r side ( ! riv]4 ,! wat]s are deep & 
quiet1 b ! swall[s are swift & noisy    
en\gh1 sweep+ by 9 _! curv$ pa?s ?r\gh !
 air or *att]+ f ! rocks1 :ile ! "y ones
 /ret* _! little heads on nak$ necks    
,,f ,,flam+ ,,gorge ,,to ,,! ,,gate ,,( 
,,lodore4 #adg  ?r\gh ! doorways ( _!   
mud h\ses & clamor = food4 ,!y are a    
noisy p4 ,we call ?is ,swall[ ,canyon4  
,/ill d[n ! riv] we glide until an e>ly 
h\r 9 ! aft]noon1 :5 we g into camp "u a
 giant cottonwood /&+ on ! "r bank a    
little way back f ! /ream4 ,! p>ty has  
succe$$ 9 kill+ a f9e lot ( wild ducks1 
& dur+ ! aft]noon a mess ( fi% is tak54 
,june #e4--,) "o ( ! m5 ,i climb a      
m\nta91 (f on ! "r4 ,a long spur1 )     
brok5 l$ges ( rock1 puts d[n to ! riv]1 
& along its c\rse1 or up ! hogback1 z x 
is call$1 ,i make ! asc5t4 ,dunn1 :o is 

climb+ to ! same po9t1 is com+ up !     
gul*4 ,two h\rs' h>d "w has br\ght u to 
! summit4 ,^! m\nta9s are all           
v]dure-clad2 p9e & c$> =e/s are set on  
gre5 t]races2 sn[-clad m\nta9s are se5 9
 ! di/ance1 to ! we/2 ! pla9s ( ! upp]  
,gre5 /ret* out be=e u to ! nor? until  
!y are lo/ 9 ! blue heav5s2 b half ( !  
riv]-cleft range int]v5es1 & ! riv]     
itself is at our feet4  ,?is half range1
 beyond ! riv]1 is compos$ ( long ridges
 ne>ly p>allel ) ! valley4 ,on ! f>!r   
ridge1 to ! nor?1 f\r creeks h _!       
s\rces4 ,^! cut ?r\gh ! int]v5+ ridges1 
"o ( :i* is mu* high] ?an t on :i* !y   
head1 by canyon gorges2 !n !y run )     
g5tle curves across ! valley1 _! banks  
set ) will[s1 box-eld]s1 & cottonwood   
groves4 ,to ! ea/ we look up ! valley ( 
! ,v]milion1 ?r\gh :i* ,fremont f\nd 8  
pa? on 8 way to ! great p>ks (          
,colorado4  ,! read+ ( ! b>omet] tak51  
we />t d[n 9 company1 & rea* camp tir$ &
 hungry1 :i* does n abate "o bit our    
en?usiasm z we tell ( ! day's "w ) its  

glory ( l&scape4  ,june #f4--;,at       
daybreak ,i am awak5$ by a *orus (      
birds4 ,x seems z if all ! fea!r$       
song/]s ( ! region h come to ! old tree4
 ,sev]al species ( w>bl]s1 woodpeck]s1 &
 flick]s above1 mead[ l>ks 9 ! grass1 & 
wild geese 9 ! riv]4 ,i recl9e on my    
elb[ & wat* a l>k ne> by1 & !n awak5 my 
b$fell[1 to li/5 to my ,j5ny ,l9d4 ,a   
real morn+ conc]t = me2 none ( y\r      
mat9es6  ,our cook has be5 an ox-driv]1 
or bull-:ack]1 on ! pla9s1 9  #adh      
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4           
p[ell-canyons-#aja4;jpg  ,,an ,,anci5t  
,,pueblo ,,metate4  "o ( ^? long tra9s  
n[ no long] se51 & he hasn't =gott5 8   
old ways4 ,9 ! mid/ ( ! conc]t1 8 voice 
breaks 93 ,roll out6 roll out6 bulls 9 !
 corral6 *a9 up ! gaps6 ,roll out6 roll 
out6 roll out6 ,& ?is is our breakfa/   
bell4  ,to-day we pass ?r\gh1 ! p>k1 &  
camp at ! head ( ano!r canyon4  ,june   
#g4--,to-day two or ?ree ( u climb to ! 
summit ( ! cliff on ! left1 & f9d its   
altitude above camp to be #b1jhf feet4  

,! rocks are split ) fissures1 deep &   
n>r[1 sometimes a hundr$ feet or m to ! 
bottom1 & ^! fissures are fill$ ) loose 
e>? & decay$ vegetation 9 :i* l(ty p9es 
f9d root4 ,on a rock we f9d a pool (    
cle>1 cold wat]1 caught f ye/]day ev5+'s
 %[]4 ,aft] a good dr9k we walk out to !
 br9k ( ! canyon & look d[n to ! wat]   
bel[4 ,i c d ?is n[1 b x has tak5 sev]al
 ye>s ( m\nta9 climb+ to cool my n]ves s
 t ,i c sit ) my feet ov] ! edge &      
calmly look d[n a precipice #b1jjj feet4
 ,& yet ,i _c look on & see ano!r d !   
same4 ,i mu/ ei!r bid him come away or  
turn my head4 ,! canyon walls are       
buttress$ on a gr& scale1 ) deep alcoves
 int]v5+2 column$ crags cr[n ! cliffs1 &
 ! riv] is roll+ bel[4  ,:5 we return to
 camp at noon ! sun %9es 9 spl5dor on   
v]milion walls1 %ad$ into gre5 & gray   
:]e ! rocks are li*5$ ov]2 ! riv] fills 
! *annel f wall to wall1 & ! canyon     
op5s1 l a beautiful portal1 to a region 
( glory4 ,?is ev5+1 z ,i write1 ! sun is
 go+ d[n & ! %ad[s are settl+ 9 !       

canyon4 ,! v]milion gleams & roseate    
hues1 bl5d+ ) ! gre5 & gray t9ts1 are   
sl[ly *ang+ to somb] br[n above1 & black
 %ad[s are creep+ ov] !m bel[2 & n[ x is
 a d>k portal to a region ( gloom--!    
gateway ?r\gh :i* we are to ent] on our 
voyage ( exploration tomorr[4 ,:at %all 
we f9d8 p[ell-canyons-#ajb4;jpg  ,a ,,zu
 ,,/ool4  ,,f ,,flam+ ,,gorge ,,to ,,!  
,,gate ,,( ,,lodore4  #adi  ,! di/ance f
 ,flam+ ,gorge to ,beehive ,po9t is #i  
#b_/c miles4 ,besides pass+ ?r\gh !     
gorge1 ! riv] runs ?r\gh ,horse%oe &    
,k+fi%] canyons1 sep>at$ by %ort        
valleys4 ,! highe/ po9t on ! walls at   
,flam+ ,gorge is #a1cjj feet above !    
riv]4 ,! ea/ wall at ! apex ( ,horse%oe 
,canyon is ab\t #a1fjj feet above !     
wat]'s edge1 & f ?is po9t ! walls slope 
bo? to ! head & foot ( ! canyon4        
,k+fi%] ,canyon1 />t+ at ! wat]'s edge  
above1 /eadily increases 9 altitude to  
#a1bjj feet at ! foot4  ,r$ ,canyon is  
#be #b_/c miles long1 & ! highe/ walls  
are ab\t #b1ejj feet4  ,br[n's ,p>k is a

 valley1 b\nd$ on ei!r side by a m\nta9 
range1 really an expansion ( ! canyon4  
,! riv]1 ?r\gh ! p>k1 is #ce #a_/b miles
 long1 b passes ?r\gh two %ort canyons  
on its way1 :]e spurs f ! m\nta9s on !  
s\? are ?ru/ across its c\rse4          
p[ell-canyons-#ajc4;jpg  #aej           
p[ell-canyons-#ajd4;jpg  ,,! ,,home ,,( 
,,! ,,*ief4  #aea  ,,*apt] ,,vii4  ,,!  
,,canyon ,,( ,,lodore4  ,,june #h4--,we 
ent] ! canyon1 & until noon f9d a       
succession ( rapids1 ov] :i*1 our boats 
h to be tak54 ,"h ,i mu/ expla9 our     
me?od ( proce$+ at su* places4 ,! ,emma 
,dean 'goes 9 advance2 ! o!r boats      
foll[1 9 ob$i5ce to signals4 ,:5 we     
approa* a rapid1 or :at on o!r riv]s    
w\ld (t5 be call$ a fall1 ,i /& on deck 
to exam9e x1 :ile ! o>sm5 back wat]1 &  
we drift on z sl[ly z possible4 ,if ,i c
 see a cle> *ute betwe5 ! rocks1 away we
 g2 b if ! *annel is beset entirely     
across1 we signal ! o!r boats1 pull to  
l&1 & ,i walk along ! %ore = clos]      
exam9ation4 ,if ?is reveals no cle>     

*annel1 h>d "w beg9s4 ,we drop ! boats  
to ! v head ( ! dang]\s place & let !m  
ov] by l9es or make a portage1 frequ5tly
 c>ry+ bo? boats & c>goes ov] ! rocks4  
,! waves caus$ by su* falls 9 a riv]    
diff] mu* f ! waves ( ! sea4 ,! wat] (  
an ocean wave m]ely rises & falls2 ! =m 
only passes on1 & =m *ases =m unceas+ly4
 ,a body float+ on su* waves m]ely rises
 & s9ks--does n progress unless impell$ 
by w9d or "s o!r p[]4 ,b "h ! wat] ( !  
wave passes on :ile ! =m rema9s4 ,!     
wat]s plunge d[n t5 or tw5ty feet to !  
foot ( a fall1 spr+ up aga9 9 a great   
wave1 !n d[n & up 9 a s]ies ( bill[s t  
gradually disappe> 9 ! m quiet wat]s    
bel[2 b ^! waves are always !re1 & "o c 
/& above & c\nt !m4  ,a boat rid+ su*   
bill[s leaps & plunges along ) great    
velocity4 ,n[1 ! difficulty 9 rid+ ov]  
^! falls1 :5 no rocks are 9 ! way1 is ) 
! fir/ wave at ! foot4 ,?is w sometimes 
ga!r = a mom5t1 heap up high] & high]1 &
 !n break back4  #aeb #b ,,canyons ,,(  
,,! ,,colorado4  ,if ! boat /rikes x !  

in/ant aft] x breaks1 %e cuts ?r\gh1 & !
 mad break] da%es its spray ov] ! boat &
 wa%es ov]bo>d all :o d n cl+ tightly4  
,if ! boat1 9 go+ ov] ! falls1 *ances to
 get caught 9 "s side curr5t & is turn$ 
f its c\rse1 s z to /rike ! wave        
broadside on1 & ! wave breaks at ! same 
in/ant1 ! boat is capsiz$2 !n we mu/ cl+
 to h]1 = ! wat]-tight comp>tm5ts act z 
buoys & %e _c s9k2 & s we g1 dragg$     
?r\gh ! waves1 until /ill wat]s are     
rea*$1 :5 we "r ! boat & climb abo>d4   
,we h sev]al su* exp]i5ces to-day4  ,at 
night we camp on ! "r bank1 on a little 
%elv+ rock betwe5 ! riv] & ! foot ( !   
cliff2 & ) night comes gloom into ^!    
great dep?s4 ,aft] supp] we sit by our  
camp fire1 made ( driftwood caught by ! 
rocks1 & tell /ories ( wild life2 = ! m5
 h se5 su* 9 ! m\nta9s or on ! pla9s1 & 
on ! battlefields ( ! ,s\?4 ,x is late  
be=e we spread our blankets on ! bea*4  
,ly+ d[n1 we look up ?r\gh ! canyon &   
see t only a little ( ! blue heav5      
appe>s ov]head--a cresc5t ( blue sky1 ) 

two or ?ree con/ellations pe]+ d[n ^u u4
 ,i d n sleep = "s "t1 z ! excitem5t ( !
 day has n worn (f4 ,soon ,i see a      
bright /> t appe>s to re/ on ! v v]ge ( 
! cliff ov]head to ! ea/4 ,sl[ly x seems
 to float f its re/+ place on ! rock ov]
 ! canyon4 ,at fir/ x appe>s l a jewel  
set on ! br9k ( ! cliff1 b z x moves out
 f ! rock ,i almo/ wond] t x does n     
fall4 ,9 fact1 x does seem to desc5d 9 a
 g5tle curve1 z ?\gh ! bright sky 9 :i* 
! />s are set 7 spread across ! canyon1 
re/+ on ei!r wall1 & sway$ d[n by its   
own weight4 ,! />s appe> to be 9 !      
canyon4 ,i soon discov] t x is ! bright 
/> ,vega2 s x occurs to me to designate 
?is "p ( ! wall z ! ,cliff ( ! ,h>p4    
,june #i4--,"o ( ! p>ty sugge/s t we    
call ?is ! ,canyon ( ,lodore1 & ! "n is 
adopt$4 ,v sl[ly we make our way1 (t5   
climb+ on ! rocks at ! edge ( ! wat] = a
 few hundr$ y>ds to exam9e ! *annel be=e
 runn+ x4 ,dur+ ! aft]noon we come to a 
place :]e x is necess>y to make a       
portage4 ,! little boat is l&$ & ! o!rs 

are signal$ to come up4  ,,! ,,canyon   
,,( ,,lodoke4  #aec  ,:5 ^! rapids or   
brok5 falls occur usually ! *annel is   
sudd5ly n>r[$ by rocks :i* h be5 tumbl$ 
f ! cliffs or p[ell-canyons-#aje4;jpg   
,,gate ,,( ,,lodore4  h be5 wa%$ 9 by   
lat]al /reams4 ,imm$iately above ! n>r[1
 rocky *annel1 on "o or bo? sides1 !re  
is (t5 a bay ( quiet wat]1 9 :i* a l&+ c
 be made ) ease4 ,sometimes  #aed #d    
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ! wat]   
desc5ds ) a smoo?1 unruffl$ surface f ! 
broad1 quiet spread above into ! n>r[1  
angry *annel bel[ by a semicircul> sag4 
,great c>e mu/ be tak5 n to pass ov] !  
br9k into ?is deceptive pit1 b above x  
we c r[ ) safety4 ,i walk along ! bank  
to exam9e ! gr\nd1 leav+ "o ( my m5 ) a 
flag to guide ! o!r boats to !          
l&+-place4 ,i soon see "o ( ! boats make
 %ore all "r1 & feel no m conc]n2 b a   
m9ute aft]1 ,i he> a %\t1 &1 look+      
ar\nd1 see "o ( ! boats %oot+ d[n ! c5t]
 ( ! sag4 ,x is ! ,no ,"n1 ) ,capta9    
,h[l&1 8 bro!r1 & ,goodman4 ,i feel t   

its go+ ov] is inevitable1 & run to save
 ! ?ird boat4 ,a m9ute m1 & %e turns !  
po9t & heads = ! %ore4 ,!n ,i turn d[n  
/ream aga9 & scramble along to look = ! 
boat t has gone ov]4 ,! fir/ fall is n  
great1 only #aj or #ab feet1 & we (t5   
run su*2 b bel[1 ! riv] tumbles d[n aga9
 = #dj or #ej feet1 9 a *annel fill$ )  
dang]\s rocks t break ! waves into      
:irlpools & beat !m into foam4 ,i pass  
ar\nd a great crag j 9 "t to see ! boat 
/rike a rock &1 reb\nd+ f ! %ock1 c>e5 &
 fill its op5 comp>tm5t ) wat]4 ,two ( !
 m5 lose _! o>s2 %e sw+s ar\nd & is     
c>ri$ d[n at a rapid rate1 broadside on1
 = a few y>ds1 :51 /rik+ amid%ips on    
ano!r rock ) great =ce1 %e is brok5 q 9 
two & ! m5 are ?r[n into ! riv]4 ,b !   
l>g] "p ( ! boat floats buoyantly1 & !y 
soon seize x1 & d[n ! riv] !y drift1 pa/
 ! rocks = a few hundr$ y>ds1 to a      
second rapid fill$ ) huge b\ld]s1 :]e ! 
boat /rikes aga9 & is da%$ to pieces1 & 
! m5 & fragm5ts are soon c>ri$ beyond my
 sight4 ,runn+ along1 ,i turn a b5d &   

see a man's head above ! wat]1 wa%$ ab\t
 9 a :irlpool bel[ a great rock4 ,x is  
,frank ,goodman1 cl++ to ! rock ) a grip
 ^u :i* life dep5ds4 ,com+ opposite1 ,i 
see ,h[l& try+ to g to 8 aid f an isl&  
on :i* he has be5 wa%$4 ,soon he comes  
ne> en\gh to rea* ,frank ) a pole1 :i*  
he ext5ds t[>d him4 ,! latt] lets g !   
rock1 grasps ! pole1 & is pull$ a%ore4  
,s5eca ,h[l& is wa%$ f>!r d[n ! isl& &  
is caught by "s rocks1 &1 ?\gh some:at  
bruis$1 manages to get a%ore 9 safety4  
,?is seems a long "t z ,i tell x1 b x is
 quickly done4  ,,! ,,canyon ,,(        
,,lodore4 #aee  ,& n[ ! ?ree m5 are on  
an isl&1 ) a swift1 dang]\s riv] on ei!r
 side & a fall bel[4 ,! ,emma ,dean is  
soon br\ght d[n1 & ,sumn]1 />t+ above z 
f> z possible1 pu%es                    
p[ell-canyons-#ajf4;jpg  ,,wreck ,,at   
,,disa/] ,,falls4  out4 ,"r skillfully  
he plies ! o>s1 & a few /rokes set him  
on ! isl& at ! prop] po9t4 ,!n !y all   
pull ! boat up /ream z f> z !y are able1
 until !y /& 9 wat] up to _! necks4 ,"o 

#aef #f ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4   
sits on a rock & holds ! boat until !   
o!rs are ready to pull1 !n gives ! boat 
a pu%1 cl+s to x ) 8 h&s1 & climbs 9 z  
!y pull = ma9l&1 :i* !y rea* 9 safety4  
,we are z glad to %ake h&s ) !m z ?\gh  
!y _h be5 on a voyage ar\nd ! _w &      
wreck$ on a di/ant coa/4  ,d[n ! riv]   
half a mile we f9d t ! aft] cab9 ( !    
p[ell-canyons-#ajg4;jpg  ,,metallif]\s  
,,ve9s ,,expos$ ,,to ,,view4  wreck$    
boat1 ) a "p ( ! bottom1 ragg$ &        
spl9t]$1 has float$ aga9/ a rock & /r&$4
 ,!re are valuable articles 9 ! cab92 b1
 on exam9ation1 we det]m9e t life %\ld n
  ,,! ,,canyon ,,( ,,lodore4 #aeg  be   
risk$ to save !m4 ,( c\rse1 ! c>go (    
rations1 in/rum5ts1 & clo?+ is gone4    
,we return to ! boats & make camp = !   
night4 ,no sleep comes to me 9 all ^?   
d>k h\rs4 ,! rations1 in/rum5ts1 & clo?+
 h be5 divid$ among ! boats1 anticipat+ 
su* an accid5t z ?is2 & we />t$ )       
duplicates ( ev]y?+ t 0 deem$ necess>y  
to success4 ,b1 9 ! di/ribution1 !re 0  

"o exception to ?is precaution--!       
b>omet]s 7 all plac$ 9 "o boat1 & !y are
 lo/6 ,!re is a possibility t !y are 9 !
 cab9 lodg$ aga9/ ! rock1 = t is :]e !y 
7 kept4 ,b1 !n1 h[ to rea* !m8 ,! riv]  
is ris+4 ,w !y be !re to-morr[8 ,c ,i g 
out to ,salt ,lake ,city & obta9        
b>omet]s f ,new ,york8  ,june #aj4--;,i 
h det]m9$ to get ! b>omet]s f ! wreck1  
if !y are !re4 ,aft] breakfa/1 :ile ! m5
 make ! portage1 ,i g d[n aga9 = ano!r  
exam9ation1 ,!re ! cab9 lies1 only c>ri$
 #ej or #fj feet f>!r on4 ,c>efully     
look+ ov] ! gr\nd1 ,i am satisfi$ t x c 
be rea*$ ) safety1 & return to tell ! m5
 my conclusion4 ,sumn] & ,dunn volunte] 
to take ! little boat & make ! attempt4 
,!y />t1 rea* x1 & out come ! b>omet]s6 
,! boys set up a %\t1 & ,i jo9 !m1      
pleas$ t !y %\ld be z glad z myself to  
save ! in/rum5ts4 ,:5 ! boat l&s on our 
side1 ,i f9d t ! only ?+s sav$ f ! wreck
 7 ! b>omet]s1 a package ( !rmomet]s1 & 
a ?ree-gallon keg ( :iskey4 ,! la/ is   
:at ! m5 7 %\t+ ab\t4 ,!y _h tak5 x     

abo>d unkn[n to me1 & n[ ,i am glad !y  
did take x1 = x w d !m good1 z !y are   
dr5*$ e day by ! melt+ sn[ :i* runs d[n 
f ! summits ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s4  ,we   
come back to our "w at ! portage & f9d t
 x is necess>y to c>ry our rations ov] !
 rocks = ne>ly a mile & to let our boats
 d[n ) l9es1 except at a few po9ts1 :]e 
!y also mu/ be c>ri$4 ,betwe5 ! riv] & !
 ea/]n wall ( ! canyon !re is an imm5se 
talus ( brok5 rocks4 ,^! h tumbl$ d[n f 
! cliffs above & con/itute a va/ pile ( 
huge angul> fragm5ts4 ,on ^! we build a 
pa? = a qu>t] ( a mile to a small       
s&-bea* cov]$ ) driftwood1 ?r\gh :i* we 
cle> a way = sev]al  #aeh #h ,,canyons  
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  hundr$ y>ds1 !n    
cont9ue ! trail ov] ano!r pile ( rocks  
ne>ly half a mile f>!r d[n1 to a little 
bay4 ,! great] "p ( ! day is sp5t 9 ?is 
"w4 ,!n we c>ry our c>goes d[n to ! bea*
 & camp = ! night4  ,:ile ! m5 are      
build+ ! camp fire1 we discov] an iron  
bake-ov51 sev]al t9 plates1 a "p ( a    
boat1 & _m o!r fragm5ts1 :i* d5ote t ?is

 is ! place :]e ,a%ley's p>ty 0 wreck$4 
,june #aa4--,?is day is sp5t 9 c>ry+ our
 rations d[n to ! bay--no small task1   
climb+ ov] ! rocks ) sacks ( fl\r &     
bacon4 ,we c>ry !m by /ages ( ab\t #ejj 
y>ds ea*1 & :5 night comes & ! la/ sack 
is on ! bea*1 we are tir$1 bruis$1 &    
glad to sleep4  ,june #ab4--,to-day we  
take ! boats d[n to ! bay4 ,:ile at ?is 
"w we discov] ?ree sacks ( fl\r f !     
wreck$ boat t h lodg$ 9 ! rocks4 ,we    
c>ry !m above high-wat] m>k & leave !m1 
z our c>goes are already too heavy = !  
?ree rema9+ boats4 ,we also f9d two or  
?ree o>s1 :i* we place ) !m4  ,z ,a%ley 
& 8 p>ty 7 wreck$ "h & z we h lo/ "o (  
our boats at ! same place1 we adopt ! "n
 ,disa/] ,falls = ! sc5e ( s mu* p]il & 
loss4  ,?\gh "s ( 8 companions 7 dr[n$1 
,a%ley & "o o!r surviv$ ! wreck1 climb$ 
! canyon wall1 & f\nd _! way across !   
,wasat* ,m\nta9s to ,salt ,lake ,city1  
liv+ *iefly on b]ries1 z !y w&]$ ?r\gh  
an unkn[n & difficult c\ntry4 ,:5 !y    
arriv$ at ,salt ,lake !y 7 almo/        

de/itute ( clo?+ & ne>ly />v$4 ,!       
,mormon p gave !m food & clo?+ & employ$
 !m to "w on ! f\ndation ( ! ,temple    
until !y _h e>n$ suffici5t to enable !m 
to leave ! c\ntry4 ,( _! subsequ5t      
hi/ory1 ,i h no k4 ,x is possible !y    
return$ to ! sc5e ( ! disa/]1 z a little
 creek ent]+ ! riv] bel[ is kn[n z      
,a%ley's ,creek1 & x is report$ t he    
built a cab9 & trapp$ on ?is riv] = "o  
or two w9t]s2 b ?is may h be5 be=e !    
disa/]4  ,june #ac4--,rocks1 rapids1 &  
portages /ill4 ,we camp to-night at  ,,!
 ,,canyon ,,( ,,lodoee4  #aei  ! foot ( 
! left fall1 on a little pat* ( flood   
pla9 cov]$ ) a d5se gr[? ( box-eld]s1   
/opp+ e>ly 9 ord] to spread ! clo?+ &   
rations to dry4 ,ev]y?+ is wet & spoil+4
  ,june #ad4--;,h[l& & ,i climb ! wall  
on ! we/ side ( ! canyon to an altitude 
( #b1jjj feet4 ,/&+ above & look+ to !  
we/1 we discov] a l>ge p>k1 five or six 
miles wide & tw5ty or ?irty long4 ,!    
cliff we h climb$ =ms a wall betwe5 !   
canyon & ! p>k1 = x is #hjj feet d[n !  

we/]n side to ! valley4 ,a creek comes  
w9d+ d[n #a1bjj feet above ! riv]1 &1   
ent]+ ! int]v5+ wall by a canyon1       
plunges d[n m ?an #a1jjj feet1 by a     
brok5 cascade1 into ! riv] bel[4  ,june 
#ae4--,to-day1 :ile we make ano!r       
portage1 a peak1 /&+ on ! ea/ wall1 is  
climb$ by two ( ! m5 & f\nd to be #b1gjj
 feet above ! riv]4 ,on ! ea/ side ( !  
canyon a va/ amphi!at] has be5 cut1 )   
massive buttresses & deep1 d>k alcoves 9
 :i* p[ell-canyons-#ajh4;jpg  ,,w9nie',s
 ,,grotto1 ,a ,,side ,,canyon4  #afj    
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  gr[      
beautiful mosses & delicate f]ns1 :ile  
spr+s bur/ out f ! f>!r recesses & w9d 9
 silv] ?reads ov] floors ( s& rock4 ,"h 
we h ?ree falls 9 close succession4 ,at 
! fir/ ! wat] is compress$ into a v n>r[
 *annel aga9/ ! "r-h& cliff1 & falls #ae
 feet 9 #aj y>ds4 ,at ! second we h a   
broad %eet ( wat] tumbl+ d[n #bj feet   
ov] a gr\p ( rocks t ?ru/ _! d>k heads  
?r\gh ! foam4 ,! ?ird is a brok5 fall1  
or %ort1 abrupt rapid1 :]e ! wat] makes 

a desc5t ( m ?an #bj feet among huge1   
fall5 fragm5ts ( ! cliff4 ,we "n ! gr\p 
,triplet ,falls4 ,we make a portage     
ar\nd ! fir/2 pa/ ! second & ! ?ird we  
let d[n ) l9es4  ,dur+ ! aft]noon1 ,dunn
 & ,h[l& hav+ return$ f _! climb1 we run
 d[n ?ree qu>t]s ( a mile on quiet wat]s
 & l& at ! head ( ano!r fall4 ,on       
exam9ation1 we f9d t !re is an abrupt   
plunge ( a few feet & !n ! riv] tumbles 
= half a mile ) a desc5t ( a hundr$     
feet1 9 a *annel beset ) great numb]s ( 
huge b\ld]s4 ,?is /ret* ( ! riv] is nam$
 ,hell's ,half-,mile4 ,! rema9+ portion 
( ! day is occupi$ 9 mak+ a trail among 
! rocks at ! foot ( ! rapid4  ,june     
#af4--,our fir/ "w ?is morn+ is to c>ry 
our c>goes to ! foot ( ! falls4 ,!n we  
comm5ce lett+ d[n ! boats4 ,we take two 
( !m d[n 9 safety1 b n )\t great        
difficulty2 =1 :]e su* a va/ body (     
wat]1 roll+ d[n an incl9$ plane1 is     
brok5 into eddies & cross-curr5ts by    
rocks project+ f ! cliffs & piles (     
b\ld]s 9 ! *annel1 x requires excessive 

labor & mu* c>e to prev5t ! boats f be+ 
da%$ aga9/ ! rocks or break+ away4      
,sometimes we are compell$ to hold !    
boat aga9/ a rock above a *ute until a  
second l9e1 atta*$ to ! /em1 is c>ri$ to
 "s po9t bel[1 & :5 all is ready ! fir/ 
l9e is deta*$ & ! boat giv5 to ! curr5t1
 :5 %e %oots d[n & ! m5 bel[ sw+ h] into
 "s eddy4  ,at su* a place we are lett+ 
d[n ! la/ boat1 & z %e is set free a    
wave turns h] broadside d[n ! /ream1 ) !
 /em1 to :i* ! l9e is atta*$1 f %ore & a
 little up4 ,!y haul on ! l9e to br+ !  
boat 91 b ! p[] ( ! curr5t1 /rik+       
obliquely aga9/ h]1 %oots h] out into ! 
middle ( ! riv]4 ,!  ,,! ,,canyon ,,(   
,,lodore4  #afa  m5 h _! h&s burn$ ) !  
friction ( ! pass+ l9e2 ! boat breaks   
away & spe$s ) great velocity d[n !     
/ream4 ,! ,maid ( ! ,canyon is lo/6 ,s x
 seems2 b %e drifts                     
p[ell-canyons-#aji4;jpg  ,,erod$ ,,t[]s 
,,capp$ ,,) ,,l>ge ,,blocks ,,(         
,,s&/one4  "s di/ance & sw+s into an    
eddy1 9 :i* %e sp9s ab\t until we arrive

 ) ! small boat & rescue h]4  ,soon we  
are on our way aga91 & /op at ! m\? ( a 
little brook on ! "r = a late d9n]4 ,?is
 brook comes d[n f ! di/ant  #afb       
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  m\nta9s 9
 a deep side canyon4 ,we set out to     
explore x1 b are soon cut (f f f>!r     
progress up ! gorge by a high rock1 ov] 
:i* ! brook glides 9 a smoo? %eet4 ,!   
rock is n q v]tical1 & ! wat] does n    
plunge ov] x 9 a fall4  ,!n we climb up 
to ! left = an h\r1 & are #a1jjj feet   
above ! riv] & #fjj above ! brook4 ,j   
be=e u ! canyon divides1 a little /ream 
com+ d[n on ! "r & ano!r on ! left1 & we
 c look away up ei!r ( ^! canyons1 ?r\gh
 an asc5d+ vi/a1 to cliffs & crags &    
t[]s a mile back & #b1jjj feet ov]head4 
,to ! "r a doz5 gleam+ cascades are se54
 ,p9es & firs /& on ! rocks & asp5s     
ov]hang ! brooks4 ,! rocks bel[ are r$ &
 br[n1 set 9 deep %ad[s1 b above !y are 
buff & v]milion & /& 9 ! sun%9e4 ,!     
light above1 made m brilliant by !      
bright-t9t$ rocks1 & ! %ad[s bel[1 m    

gloomy p[ell-canyons-#aaj4;jpg  ,,fire  
,,9 ,,camp4  by reason ( ! somb] hues ( 
! br[n walls1 increase ! app>5t dep?s ( 
! canyons1 & x seems a long way up to ! 
_w ( sun%9e & op5 sky1 & a long way d[n 
to ! bottom ( !  ,,! ,,canyon ,,(       
,,lodore4 #afc  canyon glooms4 ,nev]    
be=e h ,i receiv$ su* an impression ( ! 
va/ heights ( ^! canyon walls1 n ev5 at 
! ,cliff ( ! ,h>p1 :]e ! v heav5s seem$ 
to re/ on _! summits4 ,we sit on "s     
ov]hang+ rocks & enjoy ! sc5e = a "t1   
li/5+ to ! music ( ! fall+ wat]s away up
 ! canyon4 ,we "n ?is ,rippl+ ,brook4   
,late 9 ! aft]noon we make a %ort run to
 ! m\? ( ano!r little creek1 com+ d[n f 
! left into an alcove fill$ ) luxuriant 
vegetation4 ,"h camp is made1 ) a gr\p (
 c$>s on "o side & a d5se mass (        
box-eld]s & dead will[s on ! o!r4  ,i g 
up to explore ! alcove4 ,:ile away a    
:irlw9d comes & scatt]s ! fire among !  
dead will[s & c$>-spray1 & soon !re is a
 conflagration4 ,! m5 ru% = ! boats1    
leav+ all !y _c readily seize at !      

mom5t1 & ev5 !n !y h _! clo?+ burn$ &   
hair s+$1 & ,bradley has 8 e>s scor*$4  
,! cook fills 8 arms ) ! mess-kit1 &    
jump+ into a boat1 /umbles & falls1 &   
away g our cook+ ut5sils into ! riv]4   
,our plates are gone2 our spoons are    
gone2 our knives & =ks are gone4 ,wat]  
cat* 'em2 h-e-a-p cat* 'em4  ,:5 on !   
boats1 ! m5 are compell$ to cut loose1 z
 ! flames1 runn+ out on ! ov]hang+      
will[s1 are scor*+ !m4 ,loose on !      
/ream1 !y mu/ g d[n1 = ! wat] is too    
swift to make headway aga9/ x4 ,j bel[  
is a rapid1 fill$ ) rocks4 ,on ! %oot1  
no *annel explor$1 no signal to guide   
!m6 ,j at ?is juncture ,i *ance to see  
!m1 b h n yet discov]$ ! fire1 & !      
/range movem5ts ( ! m5 fill me )        
a/oni%m5t4 ,d[n ! rocks ,i clamb]1 & run
 to ! bank4 ,:5 ,i arrive !y h l&$4 ,!n 
we all g back to ! late camp to see if  
any?+ left beh9d c be sav$4 ,"s ( !     
clo?+ & b$d+ tak5 out ( ! boats is f\nd1
 also a few t9 cups1 bas9s1 & a camp    
kettle2 & ?is is all ! mess-kit we n[ h4

 ,yet we d j z well z ev]4  ,june       
#ag4--,we run d[n to ! m\? ( ,yampa     
,riv]4 ,?is has be5 a *apt] ( disa/]s & 
toils1 not)/&+ :i* ! ,canyon ( ,lodore 0
 n devoid ( sc5ic int]e/1 ev5 beyond !  
p[]  #afd p[ell-canyons-#aaa4;jpg  ,,an 
,,isolat$ ,,h\se ,,at ,,zu,i4  ,,!      
,,canyon ,,( ,,lodoke4  #afe  ( p5 to   
tell4 ,! ro> ( its wat]s 0 he>d         
unceas+ly f ! h\r we ent]$ x until we   
l&$ "h4 ,no quiet 9 all t "t4 ,b its    
walls & cliffs1 its peaks & crags1 its  
amphi!at]s & alcoves1 tell a /ory (     
beauty & gr&eur t ,i he> yet--& %all    
he>4  ,! ,canyon ( ,lodore is #bj #c_/d 
miles 9 l5g?4 ,x />ts abruptly at :at we
 h call$ ! ,gate ( ,lodore1 ) walls     
ne>ly #b1jjj feet high1 & !y are nev]   
l[] ?an ?is until we rea* ,alcove       
,brook1 ab\t ?ree miles above ! foot4   
,!y are v irregul>1 /&+ 9 v]tical or    
ov]hang+ cliffs 9 places1 t]rac$ 9 o!rs1
 or rec$+ 9 /eep slopes1 & are brok5 by 
_m side gul*es & canyons4 ,! highe/ po9t
 on ! wall is at ,dunn's ,cliff1 ne>    

,triplet ,falls1 :]e ! rocks rea* an    
altitude ( #b1gjj feet1 b ! peaks a     
little way back rise ne>ly #a1jjj feet  
high]4 ,yell[ p9es1 nut p9es1 firs1 &   
c$>s /& 9 ext5sive =e/s on ! ,u9ta      
,m\nta9s1 &1 cl++ to ! rocks & gr[+ 9 ! 
crevices1 come d[n ! walls to ! wat]'s  
edge f ,flam+ ,gorge to ,e*o ,p>k4 ,! r$
 s&/ones are li*5$4 ov]2 delicate mosses
 gr[ 9 ! moi/ places1 & f]ns fe/oon !   
walls4 p[ell-canyons-#aab4;jpg  #aff    
p[ell-canyons-#aac4;jpg  ,,an ,,oraibe  
,,c\rt4  #afg  ,,*apt] ,,viii4  ,,f     
,,e*o ,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,!      
,,u9ta ,,riv]4  ,,! ,yampa ent]s ! ,gre5
 f ! ea/4 ,at a po9t opposite its m\? ! 
,gre5 runs to ! s\?1 at ! foot ( a rock 
ab\t #gjj feet high & a mile long1 & !n 
turns %>ply ar\nd ! rock to ! "r & runs 
back 9 a nor!rly c\rse p>allel to its   
=m] direction = ne>ly ano!r mile1 ?us   
hav+ ! opposite sides ( a long1 n>r[    
rock = its bank4 ,! tongue ( rock s =m$ 
is a p59sul> precipice ) a mural        
esc>pm5t along its :ole c\rse on ! ea/1 

b brok5 d[n at places on ! we/4  ,on !  
ea/ side ( ! riv]1 opposite ! rock &    
bel[ ! ,yampa1 !re is a little p>k1 j   
l>ge en\gh = a f>m1 already f5c$ ) high 
walls ( gray homog5e\s s&/one4 ,!re are 
?ree riv] entrances to ?is p>k3 "o d[n !
 ,yampa2 "o bel[1 by com+ up ! ,gre52 & 
ano!r d[n ! ,gre54 ,!re is also a l&    
entrance d[n a lat]al canyon4 ,else:]e !
 p>k is inaccessible4 ,?r\gh ?is l&     
entrance by ! side canyon !re is a trail
 made by ,indian hunt]s1 :o come d[n "h 
9 c]ta9 seasons to kill m\nta9 %eep4    
,great holl[ domes are se5 9 ! ea/]n    
side ( ! rock1 aga9/ :i* ! ,gre5 sweeps2
 will[s bord] ! riv]2 clumps ( box-eld] 
are se52 & a few cottonwoods /& at ! l[]
 end4 ,/&+ opposite ! rock1 our words   
are repeat$ ) />tl+ cle>ness1 b 9 a s(t1
 mell[ tone1 t trans=ms !m into magical 
music4 ,sc>cely c "o believe x is ! e*o 
( 8 own voice4 ,9 "s places two or ?ree 
e*oes come back2 9 o!r places !y repeat 
!mselves1 pass+ back & =? across ! riv] 
betwe5 ?is rock & ! ea/]n wall4 ,to he> 

^! repeat$ e*oes well1 we mu/ %\t4 ,"s (
 ! p>ty av] t t5 or twelve repetitions c
 be he>d4 ,to  #afh #h ,,canyons ,,( ,,!
 ,,colorado4  me1 !y seem rapidly to    
dim9i% & m]ge by multiplicity1 l        
telegraph poles on an out/ret*$ pla94 ,i
 h obs]v$ ! same ph5om5on once be=e 9 ! 
cliffs ne> ,long's ,peak1 & am pleas$ to
 meet ) x aga94  ,dur+ ! aft]noon       
,bradley & ,i climb "s cliffs to ! nor?4
 ,m\nta9 %eep are se5 above u1 & !y /&  
out on ! rocks & eye u int5tly1 n seem+ 
to move4 ,_! color is mu* l t ( ! gray  
s&/one b5ea? !m1 &1 immovable z !y are1 
!y appe> l c>v$ =ms4 ,n[ a f9e ram beats
 ! rock ) 8 =e foot1 &1 :eel+ ar\nd1 !y 
all b\nd away toge!r1 leap+ ov] rocks & 
*asms & climb+ walls :]e no man c foll[1
 & ?is ) an ease & grace mo/ wond]ful4  
,at night we return to our camp "u !    
box-eld]s by ! riv] side4 ,"h we are to 
sp5d two or ?ree days1 mak+ a s]ies (   
a/ronomic obs]vations = latitude &      
longitude4  ,june #ah4--,we h nam$ !    
long p59sul> rock on ! o!r side ,e*o    

,rock4 ,desir+ to climb x1 ,bradley & ,i
 take ! little boat & pull up /ream z f>
 z possible1 = x _c be climb$ directly  
opposite4 ,we l& on a talus ( rocks at !
 upp] end 9 ord] to rea* a place :]e x  
seems practicable to make ! asc5t2 b we 
f9d we mu/ g /ill f>!r up ! riv]4 ,s we 
scramble along1 until we rea* a place   
:]e ! riv] sweeps aga9/ ! wall4 ,"h we  
f9d a %elf along :i* we c pass1 & n[ are
 ready = ! climb4  ,we />t up a gul*2 !n
 pass to ! left on a b5* along ! wall2  
!n up aga9 ov] brok5 rocks2 !n we rea* m
 b5*es1 along :i* we walk1 until we f9d 
m brok5 rocks & crevices1 by :i* we     
climb2 /ill up1 until we h asc5d$ #fjj  
or #hjj feet1 :5 we are met by a %e]    
precipice4 ,look+ ab\t1 we f9d a place  
:]e x seems possible to climb4 ,i g     
ahead2 ,bradley h&s ! b>omet] to me1 &  
foll[s4 ,s we proce$1 /age by /age1     
until we are ne>ly to ! summit4 ,"h1 by 
mak+ a spr+1 ,i ga9 a foo?old 9 a little
 crevice1 & grasp an angle ( ! rock     
ov]head4 ,i f9d ,i c get up no f>!r & _c

 /ep back1 = ,i d>e n let g ) my h& & _c
 rea* foo?old bel[ )\t4 ,i call to      
,bradley = help4 ,he f9ds a way by :i*  
he c get to ! top ( !  ,,f ,,e*o ,,p>k  
,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta ,,riv]4  #afi 
rock ov] my head1 b _c rea* me4 ,!n he  
looks ar\nd = "s /ick or limb ( a tree1 
b f9ds none4 ,!n he sugge/s t he w\ld   
bett] help me ) ! b>omet] case1 b ,i fe>
 ,i _c hold on to x4 ,! mom5t is        
critical4 ,/&+ on my toes1 my muscles   
beg9 to tremble4 ,x is sixty or eighty  
feet to ! foot ( ! precipice4 ,if ,i    
lose my hold ,i %all fall to ! bottom & 
!n p]haps roll ov] ! b5* & tumble /ill  
f>!r d[n ! cliff4 ,at ?is in/ant x      
occurs to ,bradley to take (f 8 draw]s1 
:i* he does1 & sw+s !m d[n to me4 ,i hug
 close to ! rock1 let g ) my h&1 seize !
 dangl+ legs1 & ) 8 assi/ance am enabl$ 
to ga9 ! top4  ,!n we walk out on !     
p59sul> rock1 make ! necess>y           
obs]vations = det]m9+ its altitude above
 camp1 & return1 f9d+ an easy way d[n4  
,june #ai4--,to-day1 ,h[l&1 ,bradley1 & 

,i take ! ,emma ,dean & />t up ! ,yampa 
,riv]4 ,! /ream is mu* swoll51 ! curr5t 
swift1 & we are able to make b sl[      
progress aga9/ x4 ,! canyon 9 ?is "p ( !
 c\rse ( ! ,yampa is cut ?r\gh light    
gray s&/one4 ,! riv] is v w9d+1 & !     
swift] wat] is usually                  
p[ell-canyons-#aad4;jpg  ,,! ,,rescue4  
#agj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4     
f\nd on ! outside ( ! curve1 sweep+     
aga9/ v]tical cliffs (t5 a ?\s& feet    
high4 ,9 ! c5t] ( ^! curves1 9 _m       
places1 ! rock above ov]hangs ! riv]4   
,on ! opposite side ! walls are brok51  
craggy1 & slop+1 & occasionally side    
canyons ent]4 ,:5 we h r[$ until we are 
q tir$ we /op & take advantage ( "o ( ^!
 brok5 places to climb out ( ! canyon4  
,:5 above1 we c look up ! ,yampa = a    
di/ance ( sev]al miles4 ,f ! summit ( ! 
imm$iate walls ( ! canyon ! rocks rise  
g5tly back = a di/ance ( a mile or two1 
hav+ ! appe>ance ( a valley ) an        
irregul> & r\nd$ s&/one floor & 9 !     
p[ell-canyons-#aae4;jpg  ,,e*o ,,p>k4   

c5t] a deep gorge1 :i* is ! canyon4 ,!  
rim ( ?is valley on ! nor? is f #b1ejj  
to #c1jjj feet above ! riv]2 on ! s\? x 
is n s high4 ,a numb] ( peaks /& on ?is 
nor!rn rim1 ! highe/ ( :i* has receiv$ !
 "n ,m\nt ,dawes4  ,late 9 ! aft]noon we
 desc5d to our boat & return to camp 9  
,e*o ,p>k1 glid+ d[n 9 tw5ty m9utes on !
 rapid riv]1 a di/ance ( f\r or five    
miles1 :i* 0 made up /ream only by      
sev]al h\rs' h>d r[+ 9 ! morn+4  ,june  
#bj4--,?is morn+ two ( ! m5 take me up !
 ,yampa = a %ort di/ance1 & ,i g out to 
climb4 ,hav+ rea*$ ! top (  ,,f ,,e*o   
,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta ,,riv]4 
#aga  ! canyon1 ,i walk ov] long /ret*es
 ( nak$ s&/one1 cross+ gul*es n[ & !n1 &
 by noon rea* ! summit ( ,m\nt ,dawes4  
,f ?is po9t ,i c look away to ! nor? &  
see 9 ! dim di/ance ! ,sweetwat] & ,w9d 
,riv] m\nta9s1 m ?an #ajj miles away4   
,to ! nor?we/ ! ,wasat* ,m\nta9s are 9  
view1 & peaks ( ! ,u9ta4 ,to ! ea/ ,i c 
see ! we/]n slopes ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s1 
p[ell-canyons-#aaf4;jpg  ,,fragm5t ,,(  

,,wall1 ,,zu,i4  m ?an #aej miles       
di/ant4 ,! air is s+ul>ly cle> to-day2  
m\nta9s & buttes /& 9 %>p outl9e1       
valleys /ret* out 9 p]spective1 & ,i c  
look d[n into ! deep canyon gorges & see
 gleam+ wat]s4  ,desc5d+1 ,i cross to a 
ridge ne> ! br9k ( ! ,canyon ( ,lodore1 
! highe/ po9t ( :i* is ne>ly z high z ! 
la/ m5tion$ m\nta94 ,late 9 ! aft]noon  
,i /& on ?is elevat$  #agb  ,,canyons   
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  po9t & discov] a   
monum5t t has evid5tly be5 built by     
human h&s4 ,a few plants are gr[+ 9 !   
jo9ts betwe5 ! rocks1 & all are li*5$   
ov] to a great] or less ext5t1 giv+     
evid5ce p[ell-canyons-#aag4;jpg  #agb   
,,kivas ,,( ,,%umopavi4  t ! pile 0     
built a long "t ago4 ,?is l9e ( peaks1 !
 ea/]n ext5sion ( ! ,u9ta ,m\nta9s1 has 
receiv$ ! "n ( ,si]ra ,escalante1 9     
honor ( a ,spani% prie/ :o travel$ 9 ?is
 region ( c\ntry ne>ly a c5tury ago4    
,p]*ance ! rev]5d fa!r built ?is        
monum5t4  ,n[ ,i return to ! riv] &     
dis*>ge my gun1 z a signal = ! boat to  

come & take me d[n to camp4 ,:ile we h  
be5 9 ! p>k ! m5 h succe$$ 9 cat*+ a    
numb] ( fi%1 & we h an abundant supply4 
,?is is a delightful addition to our    
m5u4  ,june #ba4-- ,we float ar\nd !    
long rock & ent] ano!r canyon4 ,! walls 
are high & v]tical1 ! canyon is n>r[1 & 
! riv]  ,,f ,,e*o ,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\?  
,,( ,,u9ta ,,riv]4  #agc  fills ! :ole  
space bel[1 s t !re is no l&+-place at !
 foot ( ! cliff4 ,! ,gre5 is greatly    
increas$ by ! ,yampa1 & we n[ h a mu*   
l>g] riv]4 ,all ?is volume ( wat]1      
conf9$1 z x is1 9 a n>r[ *annel & ru%+ )
 great velocity1 is set eddy+ & sp9n+ 9 
:irlpools by project+ rocks & %ort      
curves1 & ! wat]s waltz _! way ?r\gh !  
canyon1 mak+ _! own rippl+1 ru%+1 ro>+  
music4 ,! canyon is mu* n>r[] ?an any we
 h se54 ,we manage our boats )          
difficulty4 ,!y sp9 ab\t f side to side 
& we "k n :]e we are go+1 & f9d x       
impossible to keep !m head$ d[n ! /ream4
 ,at fir/ ?is causes u great al>m1 b we 
soon f9d !re is little dang]1 & t !re is

 a g5]al movem5t or progression d[n !   
riv]1 to :i* ?is :irl+ is b an          
adjunct--t x is ! m]ry mood             
p[ell-canyons-#aah4;jpg  ,,g5]al ,,vtew 
,,( ,,awatubi4  ( ! riv] to dance ?r\gh 
?is deep1 d>k gorge1 & "r gaily d we jo9
 9 ! sport4  ,b soon our revel is       
int]rupt$ by a cat>act2 its ro>+ comm&  
is he$$ by all our p[] at ! o>s1 & we   
pull aga9/ ! :irl+ curr5t4 ,! ,emma     
,dean is br\ght up aga9/ a cliff  #agd  
#d ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ab\t  
#ej feet above ! br9k ( ! fall4 ,by     
vigor\sly ply+ ! o>s on ! side opposite 
! wall1 z if to pull up /ream1 we c hold
 h] aga9/ ! rock4 ,! boats beh9d are    
signal$ to l& :]e !y c4 ,! ,maid ( !    
,canyon is pull$ to ! left wall1 &1 by  
con/ant r[+1 !y c hold h] also4 ,! ,si/]
 is run into an alcove on ! "r1 :]e an  
eddy is 9 a dance1 & 9 ?is %e jo9s4 ,n[ 
my little boat is held aga9/ ! wall only
 by ! utmo/ ex]tion1 & x is impossible  
to make headway aga9/ ! curr5t4 ,on     
exam9ation1 ,i f9d a horizontal crevice 

9 ! rock1 ab\t #aj feet above ! wat] & a
 boat's l5g? bel[ u2 s we let h] d[n to 
t po9t4 ,"o ( ! m5 clamb]s into !       
crevice1 into :i* he c j crawl2 we toss 
him ! l9e1 :i* he makes fa/ 9 ! rocks1 &
 n[ our boat is ti$ up4 ,!n ,i foll[    
into ! crevice & we crawl along up /ream
 a di/ance ( #ej feet or m1 & f9d a     
brok5 place :]e we c climb ab\t #ej feet
 high]4 ,"h we /& on a %elf t passes    
along d[n /ream to a po9t above ! falls1
 :]e x is brok5 d[n1 & a pile ( rocks1  
ov] :i* we c desc5d to ! riv]1 is ly+   
aga9/ ! foot ( ! cliff4  ,x has be5     
m5tion$ t "o ( ! boats is on ! o!r side4
 ,i signal = ! m5 to pull h] up         
alongside ( ! wall1 b x _c be done2 !n  
to cross4 ,?is !y d1 ga9+ ! wall on our 
side j above :]e ! ,emma ,dean is ti$4  
,! ?ird boat is out ( sight1 :irl+ 9 !  
eddy ( a recess4 ,look+ ab\t1 ,i f9d    
ano!r horizontal crevice1 along :i* ,i  
crawl to a po9t j ov] ! wat] :]e ?is    
boat is ly+1 &1 call+ l\d & long1 ,i    
f9ally succe$ 9 mak+ ! crew und]/& t ,i 

want !m to br+ ! boat d[n1 hugg+ ! wall4
 ,?is !y accompli% by tak+ advantage ( e
 crevice & knob on ! face ( ! cliff1 s t
 we h ! ?ree boats toge!r at a po9t a   
few y>ds above ! falls4 ,n[1 by pass+ a 
l9e up on ! %elf1 ! boats c be let d[n  
to ! brok5 rocks bel[4 ,?is we d1 &1    
mak+ a %ort portage1 our tr\bles "h are 
ov]4  ,bel[ ! falls ! canyon is wid]1 & 
!re is m or less space betwe5 ! riv] & !
 walls2 b ! /ream1 ?\gh wide1 is rapid1 
& rolls at a fe>ful rate among ! rocks4 
,we proce$ ) great caution1 & run ! l>ge
 boats :olly by signal4  ,,f ,,e*o ,,p>k
 ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta ,,eiv]4  #age
  ,at night we camp at ! m\? ( a small  
creek1 :i* af=ds u a good supp] ( tr\t4 
,9 camp to-night we discuss ! propriety 
p[ell-canyons-#aai4;jpg  ,,swall[       
,,cave4  ( sev]al diff]5t names = ?is   
canyon4 ,at ! falls enc\nt]$ at noon its
 *>act]i/ics *ange sudd5ly4 ,above1 x is
 v n>r[1 & ! walls are almo/ v]tical2   
bel[1 ! canyon is mu* wid]  #agf #f     
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  & m fl>+1

 & high up on ! sides crags1 p9nacles1 &
 t[]s are se54 ,a numb] ( wild & n>r[   
side canyons ent]1 & ! walls are mu*    
brok54 ,aft] _m sugge/ions our *oice    
re/s betwe5 two names1 ,:irlpool ,canyon
 & ,craggy ,canyon1 nei!r ( :i* is      
/rictly appropriate = bo? p>ts ( x2 s we
 leave ! discussion at ?is po9t1 ) !    
und]/&+ t x is be/1 be=e f9ally decid+  
on a "n1 to wait until we see :at ! "* (
 ! canyon is bel[4  ,june #bb4--,/ill   
mak+ %ort portages & lett+ d[n ) l9es4  
,:ile we are wait+ = d9n] to-day1 ,i    
climb a po9t t gives me a good view ( ! 
riv] = two or ?ree miles bel[1 & ,i ?9k 
we c make a long run4 ,aft] d9n] we />t2
 ! l>ge boats are to foll[ 9 fifte5     
m9utes & look out = ! signal to l&4     
,into ! middle ( ! /ream we r[1 & d[n ! 
rapid riv] we glide1 only mak+ /rokes   
en\gh ) ! o>s to guide ! boat4 ,:at a   
headlong ride x is6 %oot+ pa/ rocks &   
isl&s4 ,i am soon fill$ ) exhil>ation   
only exp]i5c$ be=e 9 rid+ a fleet horse 
ov] ! out/ret*$ prairie4 ,"o1 two1 ?ree1

 f\r miles we g1 re>+ & plung+ ) !      
waves1 until we :eel to ! "r into a     
beautiful p>k & l& on an isl&1 :]e we g 
into camp4  ,an h\r or two be=e sunset  
,i cross to ! ma9l& & climb a po9t (    
rocks :]e ,i c ov]look ! p>k & its      
surr\nd+s4 ,on ! ea/ x is b\nd$ by a    
high m\nta9 ridge4 ,a semicircle ( nak$ 
hills b\nds x on ! nor?1 we/1 & s\?4  ,!
 broad1 deep riv] me&]s ?r\gh ! p>k1    
int]rupt$ by _m wood$ isl&s2 s ,i "n x  
,isl& ,p>k1 & decide to call ! canyon   
above1 ,:irlpool ,canyon4  ,june        
#bc4--,we rema9 9 camp to-day to repair 
our boats1 :i* h _h h>d knocks & are    
leak+4 ,two ( ! m5 g out ) ! b>omet] to 
climb ! cliff at ! foot ( ,:irlpool     
,canyon & measure ! walls2 ano!r goes on
 ! m\nta9 to hunt2 & ,bradley & ,i sp5d 
! day among ! rocks1 /udy+ an int]e/+   
geologic fold & collect+ fossils4 ,late 
9 ! aft]noon ! hunt] returns & br+s )   
him a f9e1 fat de]2 s we give 8 "n to ! 
m\nta9--,m\nt ,hawk9s4 ,j be=e night we 
move camp to ! l[] end ( ! p>k1 float+  

d[n ! riv] ab\t f\r miles4  ,,prom ,,e*o
 ,,paek ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta       
,,kivek4  #agg  ,june #bd4--;,bradley & 
,i />t e>ly to climb ! m\nta9 ridge to !
 ea/1 & f9d its summit to be ne>ly      
#c1jjj feet above camp4 ,x has requir$  
"s labor to scale x2 b on its top1 :at a
 view6 ,!re is a long spur runn+ out f !
 ,u9ta ,m\nta9s t[>d ! s\?1 & ! riv]    
runs l5g?wise ?r\gh x4 ,com+ d[n ,lodore
 p[ell-canyons-#abj4;jpg  ,,view ,,(    
,,siiumopavi4  & ,:irlpool canyons1 we  
cut ?r\gh ! s\!rn slope ( ! ,u9ta       
,m\nta9s2 & ! l[] end ( ?is latt] canyon
 runs into ! spur1 b1 in/ead ( splitt+ x
 ! :ole l5g?1 ! riv] :eels to ! "r at ! 
foot ( ,:irlpool ,canyon 9 a great curve
 to ! nor?we/ ?r\gh ,isl& ,p>k4 ,at !   
l[] end ( ! p>k1 ! riv]  #agh  ,,canyons
 ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4                    
p[ell-canyons-#aba4;jpg  ,,ru9s4  turns 
aga9 to ! s\!a/ & cuts into ! m\nta9 to 
its c5t] & !n makes a det\r to ! s\?we/1
 splitt+ ! m\nta9 ridge = a di/ance (   
six miles ne>ly to its foot1 & !n turns 

out ( x to ! left4 ,all ?is we c see :]e
 we /& on ! summit ( ,m\nt ,hawk9s1 & s 
we "n ! gorge bel[1 ,split ,m\nta9      
,canyon4  ,we are /&+ #c1jjj feet above 
! wat]s1 :i* are tr\bl$ ) bill[s & are  
:ite ) foam4 ,! walls are set ) crags & 
peaks & buttress$ t[]s & ov]hang+ domes4
 ,turn+ to ! "r1 ! p>k is bel[ u1 its   
isl& groves reflect$ by ! deep1 quiet   
wat]s4 ,ri* mead[s /ret* out on ei!r h& 
to ! v]ge ( a slop+ pla9 t comes d[n f !
 di/ant m\nta9s4 ,^! pla9s are ( almo/  
nak$ rock1 9 /range contra/ to !        
mead[s1--blue & lilac color$ rocks1 buff
 & p9k1 v]milion & br[n1  ,,f ,,e*o     
,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta ,,riv]4 
#agi  & all ^! colors cle> & bright4 ,a 
doz5 little creeks1 dry ! great] "p ( ! 
ye>1 run d[n ?r\gh ! half circle (      
expos$ =mations1 radiat+ f ! isl& c5t]  
to ! rim ( ! bas94 ,ea* creek has its   
sy/em ( side /reams & ea* side /ream has
 its sy/em ( lat]als1 & aga9 ^! are     
divid$2 s t ?is out/ret*$ slope ( rock  
is elaborately emboss$4 ,b$s (          

diff]5t-color$ =mations run 9 p>allel   
b&s on ei!r side4 ,! p]spective1 modifi$
 by ! undulations1 gives ! b&s a wav$   
appe>ance1 & ! high colors gleam 9 !    
midday sun ) ! lu/] ( sat94 ,we are     
tempt$ to call ?is ,ra9b[ ,p>k4 ,away   
beyond ^! b$s are ! ,u9ta & ,wasat*     
m\nta9s ) _! p9e =e/s & sn[ fields &    
nak$ peaks4 ,n[ we turn to ! "r & look  
up ,:irlpool ,canyon1 a deep gorge ) a  
riv] at ! bottom--a gloomy *asm1 :]e mad
 waves ro>2 b at ?is di/ance & altitude 
! riv] is b a rippl+ brook1 & ! *asm a  
n>r[ cleft4 ,! top ( ! m\nta9 on :i* we 
/& is a broad1 grassy table1 & a h]d    
p[ell-canyons-#abb4;jpg  ,,ru9s4  #ahj  
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ( de] are
 fe$+ 9 ! di/ance4 ,walk+ ov] to !      
s\!a/1 we look d[n into ! valley ( ,:ite
 ,riv]1 & beyond t see ! f>-di/ant      
,rocky ,m\nta9s1 9 mell[1 p]spective    
haze1 ?r\gh :i* sn[ fields %9e4  ,june  
#be4--,?is morn+ we ent] ,split ,m\nta9 
,canyon1 sail+ 9  ?r\gh a broad1 fl>+1  
brilliant gateway4 ,we run two or ?ree  

rapids1 aft] !y h be5 c>efully exam9$4  
,!n we h a s]ies ( six or eight1 ov] :i*
 we are compell$ to pass by lett+ !     
boats d[n ) l9es4 ,?is occupies ! entire
 day1 & we camp at night at ! m\? ( a   
great cave4 ,! cave is at ! foot ( "o ( 
^! rapids1 & ! waves da% 9 ne>ly to its 
end4 ,we c pass along a little %elf at !
 side until we rea* ! back "p4 ,swall[s 
h built _! ne/s 9 ! ceil+1 & !y :eel 91 
*att]+ & scold+ at our intrusion2 b _!  
clamor is almo/ dr[n$ by ! noise ( !    
wat]s4 ,look+ out ( ! cave1 we c see1 f>
 up ! riv]1 a l9e ( crags /&+ s5t9el on 
ei!r side1 & ,m\nt ,hawk9s 9 ! di/ance4 
,june #bf4--,! =5oon is sp5t 9 gett+ our
 l>ge boats ov] ! rapids4 ,?is aft]noon 
we f9d ?ree falls 9 close succession4   
,we c>ry our rations ov] ! rocks & let  
our boats %oot ov] ! falls1 *eck+ & br++
 !m to l& ) l9es 9 ! eddies bel[4 ,at   
?ree o'clock we are all abo>d aga94 ,d[n
 ! riv] we are c>ri$ by ! swift wat]s at
 great spe$1 %e]+ ar\nd a rock n[ & !n )
 a timely /roke or two ( ! o>s4 ,at "o  

po9t ! riv] turns f left to "r1 9 a     
direction at "r angles to ! canyon1 9 a 
long *ute & /rikes ! "r1 :]e its wat]s  
are heap$ up 9 great bill[s t tumble    
back 9 break]s4 ,we glide into ! *ute   
be=e we see ! dang]1 & x is too late to 
/op4 ,two or ?ree h>d /rokes are giv5 on
 ! "r & we pause = an in/ant1 expect+ to
 be da%$ aga9/ ! rock4 ,b ! b[ ( ! boat 
leaps high on a great wave1 ! reb\nd+   
wat]s hurl u back1 & ! p]il is pa/4 ,!  
next mom5t ! o!r boats are hurri$ly     
signal$ to l& on ! left4 ,accompli%+    
?is1 ! m5 walk along ! %ore1 hold+ !    
boats ne> ! bank1 & let !m drift ar\nd4 
,/>t+ aga91 we soon deb\* into a        
beautiful valley1 glide d[n its l5g? =  
#aj miles1 & camp "u a gr&  ,,f ,,e*o   
,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta ,,riv]4 
#aha  old cottonwood4 ,?is is evid5tly a
 frequ5t resort = ,indians4 ,t5t poles  
are ly+ ab\t1 & ! dead emb]s ( late camp
 fires are se54 ,on ! pla9s to ! left1  
antelope are fe$+4 ,n[ & !n a wolf is   
se51 & aft] d>k !y make ! air res\nd )  

_! h[l+4 ,june #bg4--,n[ our way is     
along a g5tly fl[+ riv]1 beset )        
p[ell-canyons-#abc4;jpg  ,,indian       
,,lodge ,,9 ,,! ,,u9ta ,,valley4  _m    
isl&s2 groves are se5 on ei!r side1 &   
natural mead[s1 :]e h]ds ( antelope are 
fe$+4 ,"h & !re we h views ( ! di/ant   
m\nta9s on ! "r4 ,dur+ ! aft]noon we    
make a long det\r to ! we/ & return aga9
 to a po9t n m ?an half a mile f :]e we 
/>t$ at noon1 & "h we camp = ! night "u 
a high bluff4 ,june #bh4--,to-day !     
sc5]y on ei!r side ( ! riv] is mu*  #ahb
 ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ! same z
 t ( ye/]day1 except t two or ?ree lakes
 are discov]$1 ly+ 9 ! valley to ! we/4 
,aft] d9n] we run b a few m9utes :5 we  
discov] ! m\? ( ! ,u9ta1 a riv] com+ 9 f
 ! we/4 ,up ! valley ( ?is /ream ab\t   
#dj miles ! res]vation ( ! ,u9ta        
,indians is situat$4 ,we propose to g   
!re & see if we c repl5i% our mess-kit1 
& p]haps s5d lett]s to fri5ds4 ,we also 
desire to e/abli% an a/ronomic /ation   
"h2 & h5ce ?is w be our /opp+ place =   

sev]al days4  ,"s ye>s ago ,capta9      
,b]?\d survey$ a /age r\te f ,salt ,lake
 ,city to ,d5v]1 & ?is is ! place :]e he
 cross$ ! ,gre5 ,riv]4 ,8 p>ty 0 encamp$
 "h = "s "t1 con/ruct+ a f]ry boat &    
op5+ a road4  ,a little above ! m\? ( ! 
,u9ta1 on ! we/ side ( ! ,gre51 !re is a
 lake ( sev]al ?\s& acres4 ,we c>ry our 
boat across ! divide betwe5 ?is & !     
riv]1 h a r[ on its quiet wat]s1 &      
succe$ 9 %oot+ sev]al ducks4  ,june     
#bi4--;,a mile & ?ree qu>t]s f "h is !  
junction ( ! ,:ite ,riv] ) ! ,gre54 ,!  
,:ite has its s\rce f> to ! ea/ 9 !     
,rocky ,m\nta9s4 ,?is morn+ ,i cross !  
,gre5 & g ov] into ! valley ( ! ,:ite & 
ext5d my walk sev]al miles along its    
w9d+ way1 until at la/ ,i come 9 sight (
 "s /rangely c>v$ rocks1 nam$ by ,g5]al 
,hughes1 9 8 j\rnal1 ,gobl9 ,city4 ,our 
la/ w9t]'s camp 0 situat$ a hundr$ miles
 above ! po9t rea*$ to-day4 ,! c\rse ( !
 riv]1 = mu* ( ! di/ance1 is ?r\gh      
canyons2 b at "s places valleys are     
f\nd4 ,except+ ^! little valleys1 !     

region is "o ( great desolation3 arid1  
almo/ treeless1 ) bluffs1 hills1 l$ges (
 rock1 & drift+ s&s4 ,along ! c\rse ( ! 
,gre51 h[ev]1 f ! foot ( ,split ,m\nta9 
,canyon to a po9t "s di/ance bel[ ! m\? 
( ! ,u9ta1 !re are _m groves (          
cottonwood1 natural mead[s1 & ri* l&s4  
,?is arable belt ext5ds "s di/ance up ! 
,:ite ,riv] on ! ea/ & ! ,u9ta on ! we/1
 & ! "t mu/ soon come :5 settl]s w      
p5etrate ?is c\ntry & make homes4  ,june
 #cj4--,we h a r[ up ! ,u9ta to-day1 b  
are n able to make mu* headway aga9/ !  
swift curr5t1 & h5ce conclude we mu/    
walk all ! way to ! ag5cy4  ,,f ,,e*o   
,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta ,,riv]4 
#ahc  ,july #a4--,two days h be5 employ$
 9 obta9+ ! local "t1 tak+ obs]vations =
 latitude & longitude1 & mak+ excursions
 into ! adjac5t c\ntry4 ,?is morn+1 )   
two ( ! m51 ,i />t = ! ag5cy4 ,x is a   
toilsome walk1 #bj miles ( ! di/ance be+
 across a s& des]t4 ,occasionally we h  
to wade ! riv]1 cross+ x back & =?4     
,t[>d ev5+ we cross sev]al beautiful    

/reams1 p[ell-canyons-#abd4;jpg         
,,w>rior ,,& ,,bride4  tribut>ies ( !   
,u9ta1 & pass ?r\gh p9e groves & mead[s1
 arriv+ at ! res]vation j at dusk4      
,capta9 ,dodds1 ! ag5t1 is away1 hav+   
gone to ,salt ,lake ,city1 b 8 assi/ants
 receive u v k9dly4 ,x is r pleasant to 
see a h\se once m1 & "s evid5ces (      
civilization1 ev5 if x is on an ,indian 
res]vation sev]al days' ride f ! ne>e/  
home ( ! :ite man4 ,july #b4--;,i g ?is 
morn+ to visit ,tsauwiat4 ,?is old *ief 
is  #ahd #d ,,canyons ,,( ,,!           
,,colorado4  b ! wreck ( a man1 & no    
long] has influ5ce4 ,look+ at him "o c  
sc>cely realize t he is a man4 ,8 sk9 is
 %runk51 wr9kl$1 & dry1 & seems to cov] 
no m ?an a =m ( bones4 ,he is said to be
 m ?an #ajj ye>s old4 ,i talk a little )
 him1 b 8 conv]sation is incoh]5t1 ?\gh 
he seems to take pride 9 %[+ me "s m$als
 t mu/ h be5 giv5 him _m ye>s ago4 ,he  
has a pipe :i* he says he has us$ a long
 "t4 ,i (f] to ex*ange ) him1 & he seems
 to be glad to accept2 s ,i add ano!r to

 my collection ( pipes4 ,8 wife1 ,!     
,bi%op1 z %e is call$1 is a v g>rul\s   
old woman2 %e ex]ts a great influ5ce1 & 
is mu* rev]$4 ,%e is ! only ,indian     
woman ,i h kn[n to occupy a place 9 !   
c\ncil r+4 ,%e seems v mu* y\ng] ?an h] 
husb&1 &1 ?\gh wr9kl$ & ugly1 is /ill   
vigor\s4 ,%e has mu* to say to me       
conc]n+ ! condition ( ! p1 & seems v    
anxi\s t !y %\ld le>n to cultivate !    
soil1 own f>ms1 & live l :ite m54 ,aft] 
talk+ a c\ple ( h\rs ) ^! old p1 ,i g to
 see ! f>ms4 ,!y are situat$ 9 a v      
beautiful di/rict1 :]e _m f9e /reams (  
wat] me&] across alluvial pla9s &       
mead[s4 ,^! creeks h a consid]able fall1
 & x is easy to take _! wat]s out above 
& ov]fl[ ! l&s ) !m4  ,x w be rememb]$ t
 irrigation is necess>y 9 ?is dry       
climate to successful f>m+4 ,q a numb] (
 ,indians h ea* a pat* ( gr\nd ( two or 
?ree acres1 on :i* !y are rais+ :eat1   
potatoes1 turnips1 pumpk9s1 melons1 &   
o!r vegetables4 ,mo/ ( ! crops are look+
 well1 & x is r surpris+ ) :at pride !y 

%[ u t !y are able to cultivate crops l 
:ite m54 ,!y are /ill occupy+ lodges1 & 
refuse to build h\ses1 assign+ z a      
reason t :5 any "o dies 9 a lodge x is  
always ab&on$1 & v (t5 burn$ ) all !    
effects ( ! deceas$2 & :5 h\ses h be5   
built = !m ! h\ses h be5 treat$ 9 ! same
 way4 ,) _! unclean habits1 a fix$      
resid5ce w\ld d\btless be no pleasant   
place4  ,?is beautiful valley has be5 ! 
home ( a p ( a high] grade (            
civilization ?an ! pres5t ,utes4        
,evid5ces ( ?is are q abundant2 on our  
way "h ye/]day we discov]$ fragm5ts  ,,f
 ,,e*o ,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta  
,,riv]4 #ahe  ( pott]y 9 _m places along
 ! trail2 &1 w&]+ ab\t ! little f>ms    
to-day1 ,i f9d ! f\ndations ( anci5t    
h\ses1 & meal+-/ones t 7 n us$ by       
nomadic p1 z !y are too heavy to be     
transport$ by su* tribes1 & are deeply  
worn4 ,! p[ell-canyons-#abe4;jpg  ,,our 
,,int]pret] ,,& ,,8 ,,family4  ,indians1
 see+ t ,i am int]e/$ 9 ^! matt]s1 take 
pa9s to %[ me sev]al o!r places :]e ^!  

evid5ces rema91 & tell me t !y "k no?+  
ab\t ! p :o =m]ly dwelt "h4 ,!y fur!r   
tell me t up 9 ! canyon ! rocks are     
cov]$ ) pictures4  ,july #e4--,! la/ two
 days h be5 sp5t 9 /udy+ ! language     
#ahf p[ell-canyons-#abf4;jpg  ,,h\se    
,,build+ ,,at ,,oraibi4  ,,prom ,,e*o   
,,p>k ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,u9ta ,,riv]4 
#ahg  ( ! ,indians & 9 mak+ collections 
( articles illu/rat+ ! /ate ( arts among
 !m4  ,frank ,goodman in=ms me ?is morn+
 t he has conclud$ n to g on ) ! p>ty1  
say+ t he has se5 dang] en\gh4 ,x w be  
rememb]$ t he 0 "o ( ! crew on ! ,no ,"n
 :5 %e 0 wreck$4 ,z our boats are r     
heavily load$1 ,i am cont5t t he %\ld   
leave1 al?\gh he has be5 a fai?ful man4 
,we />t e>ly on our return to ! boats1  
tak+ horses ) u f ! res]vation1 & two   
,indians1 :o are to br+ ! animals back4 
,:irlpool ,canyon is #ad #a_/d miles 9  
l5g?1 ! walls v>y+ f #a1hjj to #b1djj   
feet 9 height4 ,! c\rse ( ! riv] ?r\gh  
,isl& ,p>k is #i miles4 ,split ,m\nta9  
,canyon is #h miles long4 ,! highe/     

crags on its walls rea* an altitude     
above ! riv] ( f #b1ejj to #b1gjj feet4 
,9 ^! canyons c$>s only are f\nd on !   
walls4  ,! di/ance by riv] f ! foot (   
,split ,m\nta9 ,canyon to ! m\? ( !     
,u9ta is #fg miles4 ,! valley ?r\gh :i* 
x runs is ! home ( _m antelope1 & we h  
adopt$ = x ! ,indian "n ,won'sits       
,yuav--,antelope ,valley4               
p[ell-canyons-#abg4;jpg  #ahh           
p[ell-canyons-#abh4;jpg  ,,g5]al ,,view 
,,( ,,ojo ,,cali5te4  #ahi  ,,*apt]     
,,ix4  ,,f ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,! ,,u9ta     
,,riv] ,,to ,,! ,,junction ,,( ,,!      
,,gr& ,,& ,,gre54  ,,july #f4--;,an e>ly
 />t ?is morn+4 ,a %ort di/ance bel[ !  
m\? ( ! ,u9ta we come to ! head ( a long
 isl&4 ,la/ w9t] a man nam$ ,johnson1 a 
hunt] & ,indian trad]1 visit$ u at our  
camp 9 ,:ite ,riv] ,valley4 ,?is man has
 an ,indian wife1 &1 hav+ no fix$ home1 
usually travels ) "o ( ! ,ute b&s4 ,he  
in=m$ me t x 0 8 int5tion to plant "s   
corn1 potatoes1 & o!r vegetables on ?is 
isl& 9 ! spr+1 &1 kn[+ t we w\ld pass x1

 invit$ u to /op & help ourselves1 ev5  
if he %\ld n be !re2 s we l& & g out on 
! isl&4 ,look+ ab\t1 we soon discov] 8  
g>d51 b x is 9 a sad condition1 hav+    
receiv$ no c>e s9ce x 0 plant$4 ,x is   
yet too e>ly 9 ! season = corn1 b ,hall 
sugge/s t potato tops are good gre5s1 &1
 anxi\s = "s *ange f our salt-meat f>e1 
we ga!r a quantity & take !m abo>d4 ,at 
noon we /op & cook our gre5s = d9n]2 b  
soon "o aft] ano!r ( ! p>ty is tak5     
sick2 nausea fir/1 & !n sev]e vomit+1 & 
we tumble ar\nd "u ! trees1 groan+ )    
pa94 ,i feel a little al>m$1 le/ our    
poison+ be sev]e4 ,emetics are adm9i/]$ 
to ^? :o are will+ to take !m1 & ab\t ! 
middle ( ! aft]noon we are all rid ( !  
pa94 ,jack ,sumn] records 9 8 di>y t    
potato tops are n good gre5s on ! #f?   
day ( ,july4  ,?is ev5+ we ent] ano!r   
canyon1 almo/ imp]ceptibly1 z ! walls   
rise v g5tly4  ,july #g4--,we f9d quiet 
wat] to-day1 ! riv] sweep+ 9 great &    
beautiful curves1 ! canyon walls /eadily
 increas+ 9 altitude4 ,! esc>pm5ts =m$  

by ! cut edges ( ! rock are (t5 v]tical1
 sometimes t]rac$1 & 9 "s places !      
treads ( ! t]races  #aij  ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  are slop+4 ,9 ^! quiet 
curves va/ amphi!at]s are =m$1 n[ 9     
v]tical rocks1 n[ 9 /eps4  ,! sali5t    
po9t ( rock )9 ! curve is usually brok5 
d[n 9 a /eep slope1 & we /op            
occasionally to climb up at su* a place1
 :]e on look+ d[n we c see ! riv] sweep+
 ! foot ( ! opposite cliff 9 a great1   
easy curve1 ) a p]p5dicul> or t]rac$    
wall ris+ f ! wat]'s edge _m hundr$s (  
feet4 ,"o ( ^! we f9d v symmetrical & "n
 x ,sumn]'s ,amphi!at]4 ,! cliffs are   
r>ely brok5 by ! entrance ( side        
canyons1 & we sweep ar\nd curve aft]    
curve ) almo/ cont9u\s walls = sev]al   
miles4  ,late 9 ! aft]noon we f9d ! riv]
 v mu* r\gh] & come ^u rapids1 n        
dang]\s1 b /ill dem&+ close att5tion4   
,we camp at night on ! "r bank1 hav+    
made #bf miles4 ,july #h4--,?is morn+   
,bradley & ,i g out to climb1 & ga9 an  
altitude ( m ?an #b1jjj feet above !    

riv]1 b /ill d n rea* ! summit ( ! wall4
 p[ell-canyons-#abi4;jpg  ,,sumn]',s    
,,amphi!at]4  ,,f ,,! ,,u9ta ,,to ,,!   
,,gr&4 #aia  ,aft] d9n] we pass ?r\gh a 
region ( ! wilde/ desolation4 ,! canyon 
is v tortu\s1 ! riv] v rapid1 & _m      
lat]al canyons ent] on ei!r side4 ,^!   
usually h _! bran*es1 s t ! region is   
cut into a wild]ness ( gray & br[n      
cliffs4 ,9 sev]al places ^! lat]al      
canyons are sep>at$ f "o ano!r only by  
n>r[ walls1 (t5 hundr$s ( feet high1--s 
n>r[ 9 places t :]e s(t] rocks are f\nd 
bel[ !y h crumbl$ away & left holes 9 ! 
wall1 =m+ passages f "o canyon into     
ano!r4 ,^! we (t5 call natural bridges2 
b !y 7 nev] int5d$ to span /reams4 ,!y  
w\ld bett]1 p]haps1 be call$ side doors 
betwe5 canyon *amb]s4 ,piles ( brok5    
rock lie aga9/ ^! walls2 crags &        
t[]-%ap$ peaks are se5 ev]y:]e1 & away  
above !m1 long l9es ( brok5 cliffs2 &   
above & beyond ! cliffs are p9e =e/s1 ( 
:i* we obta9 occasional glimpses z we   
look up ?r\gh a vi/a ( rocks4 ,! walls  

are almo/ )\t vegetation2 a few dw>f    
bu%es are se5 "h & !re cl++ to ! rocks1 
& c$>s gr[ f ! crevices--n l ! c$>s ( a 
l& refre%$ ) ra9s1 great cones b$eck$ ) 
spray1 b ugly clumps1 l w> clubs beset )
 sp9es4 ,we are m9d$ to call ?is !      
,canyon ( ,desolation4  ,! w9d annoys u 
mu* to-day4 ,! wat]1 r\gh by reason ( ! 
rapids1 is made m s by head gales4      
,:]ev] a great face ( rocks has a s\!rn 
exposure1 ! r>efi$ air rises & ! w9d    
ru%es 9 bel[1 ei!r up or d[n ! canyon1  
or bo?1 caus+ local curr5ts4 ,j at      
sunset we run a bad rapid & camp at its 
foot4  ,july #i4--,our run to-day is    
?r\gh a canyon ) ragg$1 brok5 walls1 _m 
lat]al gul*es or canyons ent]+ on ei!r  
side4 ,! riv] is r\gh1 & occasionally x 
becomes necess>y to use l9es 9 pass+    
rocky places4 ,dur+ ! aft]noon we come  
to a r op5 canyon valley1 /ret*+ up t[>d
 ! we/1 its f>!r end lo/ 9 ! m\nta9s4 ,f
 a po9t to :i* we climb we obta9 a good 
view ( its c\rse1 until its angul> walls
 are lo/ 9 ! vi/a4  ,july #aj4--,sumn]1 

:o is a f9e me*anic1 is le>n+ to take   
obs]vations = "t ) ! sextant4 ,to-day he
 rema9s 9 camp to practice4 ,h[l& & ,i  
det]m9e to climb out1 & />t up a lat]al 
canyon1 tak+ a b>omet] ) u = ! purpose (
 measur+ ! ?ickness  #aib ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  ( ! /rata ov] :i* we   
pass4 ,! read+s ( ! b>omet] bel[ are    
record$ e half h\r & our obs]vations mu/
 be simultane\s4 ,:]e ! b$s :i* we      
desire to measure are v ?ick1 we mu/    
climb ) ! utmo/ spe$ to rea* _! summits 
9 "t2 :]e ! b$s are ?9n]1 we mu/ wait = 
! mom5t to arrive2 & s1 by h>d & easy   
/ages1 we make our way to ! top ( !     
canyon wall & rea* ! plateau above ab\t 
two o' clock4  ,h[l&1 :o has 8 gun )    
him1 sees de] fe$+ a mile or two back & 
goes (f = a hunt4 ,i g to a peak :i*    
seems to be ! highe/ "o 9 ?is region1   
ab\t half a mile di/ant1 & climb1 =-!   
purpose ( trac+ ! topography ( ! adjac5t
 c\ntry4 ,f ?is po9t a f9e view is      
obta9$4 ,a long plateau /ret*es across !
 riv] 9 an ea/]ly & we/]ly direction1 ! 

summit cov]$ by p9e =e/s1 ) int]v5+     
elevat$ valleys & gul*es4 ,! plateau    
itself is cut 9 two by ! canyon4 ,o!r   
side canyons head away back f ! riv] &  
run d[n into ! ,gre54 ,besides ^!1 deep 
& abrupt canyons are se5 to head back on
 ! plateau & run nor? t[>d ! ,u9ta &    
,:ite riv]s4 ,/ill o!r canyons head 9 ! 
valleys & run t[>d ! s\?4 ,! elevation (
 ! plateau be+ ab\t #h1jjj feet above ! 
level ( ! sea1 x is 9 a region (        
moi/ure1 z is well atte/$ by ! =e/s &   
grassy valleys4 ,! plateau seems to rise
 gradually to ! we/1 until x m]ges into 
! ,wasat* ,m\nta9s4 ,on ^! high         
table-l&s elk & de] ab\nd2 & !y are     
favorite hunt+ gr\nds = ! ,ute ,indians4
  #aic  ,a little be=e sunset ,h[l& & ,i
 meet aga9 at ! head ( ! side canyon1 & 
d[n we />t4 ,x is late1 & we mu/ make   
great ha/e or be caught by ! d>kness2 s 
we g1 runn+ :]e we c1 leap+ ov] ! l$ges1
 lett+ ea* o!r d[n on ! loose rocks1 z  
long z we c see4 ,:5 d>kness comes we   
are /ill "s di/ance f camp1 & a long1   

sl[1 anxi\s desc5t is made t[>d ! gleam+
 camp fire4  ,aft] supp]1 obs]vations = 
latitude are tak51 & only two or ?ree   
h\rs = sleep rema9 be=e daylight4  ,july
 #aa4--;,a %ort di/ance bel[ camp we run
 a rapid1 & 9 do+ s break an o> & !n    
lose ano!r1 bo? belong+ to ! ,emma      
,dean4 ,n[ ! pione] boat has b two o>s4 
,we see no?+ f  #aid                    
p[ell-canyons-#acj4;jpg  ,,*imneys ,,&  
,,ro(s1 ,,zuni4 p[ell-canyons-#aca4;jpg 
,a ,,tusayan ,,int]ior4  ,,f ,,! ,,u9ta 
,,to ,,! ,,gr&4 #aie  :i* o>s c be made1
 s we conclude to run on to "s po9t :]e 
x seems possible to climb out to ! =e/s 
on ! plateau1 & !re we w procure        
suitable timb] f :i* to make new ones4  
,we soon approa* ano!r rapid4 ,/&+ on   
deck1 ,i ?9k x c be run1 & on we g4     
,com+ ne>]1 ,i see t at ! foot x has a  
%ort turn to ! left1 :]e ! wat]s pile up
 aga9/ ! cliff4 ,"h we try to l&1 b     
quickly discov] t1 be+ 9 swift wat]     
above ! fall1 we _c rea* %ore1 crippl$ z
 we are by ! loss ( two o>s2 s ! b[ ( ! 

boat is turn$ d[n /ream4 ,we %oot by a  
big rock2 a reflex wave rolls ov] our   
little boat & fills h]4 ,i see t ! place
 is dang]\s & quickly signal to ! o!r   
boats to l& :]e !y c4 ,?is is sc>cely   
complet$ :5 ano!r wave rolls our boat   
ov] & ,i am ?r[n "s di/ance into ! wat]4
 ,i soon f9d t swimm+ is v easy & ,i _c 
s9k4 ,x is only necess>y to ply /rokes  
suffici5t to keep my head out ( ! wat]1 
?\gh n[ & !n1 :5 a break] rolls ov] me1 
,i close my m\? & am c>ri$ ?r\gh x4 ,!  
boat is drift+ ahead ( me #bj or #cj    
feet1 & :5 ! great waves h pass$ ,i     
ov]take h] & f9d ,sumn] & ,dunn cl++ to 
h]4 ,z soon z we rea* quiet wat] we all 
swim to "o side & turn h] ov]4 ,9 do+   
?is1 ,dunn loses 8 hold & goes "u2 :5 he
 comes up he is caught by ,sumn] & pull$
 to ! boat4 ,9 ! meantime we h drift$   
d[n /ream "s di/ance & see ano!r rapid  
bel[4 ,h[ bad x may be we _c tell2 s we 
swim t[>d %ore1 pull+ our boat ) u1 )   
all ! vigor possible1 b are c>ri$ d[n   
mu* fa/] ?an di/ance t[>d %ore is       

dim9i%$4 ,at la/ we rea* a huge pile (  
driftwood4 ,our rolls ( blankets1 two   
guns1 & a b>omet] 7 9 ! op5 comp>tm5t ( 
! boat &1 :5 x w5t ov]1 ^! 7 ?r[n out4  
,! guns & b>omet] are lo/1 b ,i succe$$ 
9 cat*+ "o ( ! rolls ( blankets z x     
drift$ d[n1 :5 we 7 swimm+ to %ore2 !   
o!r two are lo/1 & sometimes h]eaft] we 
may sleep cold4  ,a huge fire is built  
on ! bank & our clo?+ spread to dry1 &  
!n f ! drift logs we select "o f :i* we 
?9k o>s c be made1 & ! rema9d] ( ! day  
is sp5t 9 saw+ !m out4  ,july #ab4--,?is
 morn+ ! new o>s are f9i%$ & we />t once
 m4 ,we pass sev]al bad rapids1 mak+ a  
%ort portage at "o1 &  #aif #f ,,canyons
 ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  be=e noon we come 
to a long1 bad fall1 :]e ! *annel is    
fill$ ) rocks on ! left :i* turn ! wat]s
 to ! "r1 :]e !y pass "u an ov]hang+    
rock4 ,on exam9ation we det]m9e to run  
x1 keep+ z close to ! left-h& rocks z   
safety w p]mit1 9 ord] to avoid !       
ov]hang+ cliff4 ,! little boat runs ov] 
all "r2 ano!r foll[s1 b ! m5 are n able 

to keep h] ne> en\gh to ! left bank & %e
 is c>ri$ by a swift *ute into great    
waves to ! "r1 :]e %e is toss$ ab\t &   
,bradley is knock$ ov] ! side2 8 foot   
cat*+ "u ! seat1 he is dragg$ along 9 ! 
wat] ) 8 head d[n2 mak+ great ex]tion1  
he seizes ! gunwale ) 8 left h& & c lift
 8 head above wat] n[ & !n4 ,to u :o are
 bel[1 x seems impossible to keep ! boat
 f go+ "u ! ov]hang+ cliff2 b ,p[ell1 = 
! mom5t he$less ( ,bradley's mi%ap1     
pulls ) all 8 p[] = half a doz5 /rokes1 
:5 ! dang] is pa/2 !n he seizes ,bradley
 & pulls him 94 ,! m5 9 ! boat above1   
see+ ?is1 l&1 & %e is let d[n by l9es4  
,j "h we em]ge f ! ,canyon (            
,desolation1 z we h nam$ x1 into a m op5
 c\ntry1 :i* ext5ds = a di/ance ( ne>ly 
a mile1 :5 we ent] ano!r canyon cut     
?r\gh gray s&/one4  ,ab\t ?ree o'clock 9
 ! aft]noon we meet ) a new difficulty4 
,! riv] fills ! entire *annel2 ! walls  
are v]tical on ei!r side f ! wat]'s     
edge1 & a bad rapid is beset ) rocks4   
,we come to ! head ( x & l& on a rock 9 

! /ream4 ,! little boat is let d[n to   
ano!r rock bel[1 ! m5 ( ! l>g] boat     
hold+ to ! l9e2 ! second boat is let d[n
 9 ! same way1 & ! l9e ( ! ?ird boat is 
br\ght ) !m4 ,n[ ! ?ird boat pu%es out f
 ! upp] rock1 &1 z we h h] l9e bel[1 we 
pull 9 & cat* h] z %e is sweep+ by at ! 
foot ( ! rock on :i* we /&4 ,aga9 ! fir/
 boat is let d[n /ream ! full l5g? ( h] 
l9e & ! second boat is pass$ d[n1 by !  
fir/ to ! ext5t ( h] l9e1 :i* is held by
 ! m5 9 ! fir/ boat2 s %e is two l9es'  
l5g? f :]e %e />t$4 ,!n ! ?ird boat is  
let d[n pa/ ! second1 & /ill d[n1 ne>ly 
to ! l5g? ( h] l9e1 s t %e is fa/ to !  
second boat & sw++ d[n ?ree l9es' l5g?s1
 ) ! o!r two boats int]v5+4 ,held 9 ?is 
way1 ! m5  ,,f ,,! ,,u9ta ,,to ,,!      
,,gr&4  #aig  are able to pull h] into a
 cove 9 ! left wall1 :]e %e is made fa/4
 ,b ?is leaves a man on ! rock above1   
hold+ to ! l9e ( ! little boat4 ,:5 all 
is ready1 he spr+s f ! rock1 cl++ to !  
l9e ) "o h& & swimm+ ) ! o!r1 & we pull 
him 9 z he goes by4 ,z ! two boats1 ?us 

loos5$1 drift d[n1 ! m5                 
p[ell-canyons-#acb4;jpg  ,,ligh?\se     
,,rock1 ,,canyon ,,( ,,desolation4  9 ! 
cove pull u all 9 z we come opposite2 !n
 we pass ar\nd to a po9t ( rock bel[ !  
cove1 close to ! wall1 l&1 make a %ort  
portage ov] ! wor/ places 9 ! rapid1 &  
/>t aga94  ,at night we camp on a s&    
bea*4 ,! w9d bl[s a hurricane2 ! drift+ 
s& almo/ bl9ds u2 & n[h]e c we f9d      
%elt]4 ,! w9d cont9ues to bl[ all night1
 ! s& sift+ ?r\gh our blankets  #aih #h 
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  & pil+   
ov] u until we are cov]$ z 9 a sn[drift4
 ,we are glad :5 morn+ comes4  ,july    
#ac4--,?is morn+ we h an exhil>at+ ride4
 ,! riv] is swift1 & !re are _m smoo?   
rapids4 ,i /& on deck1 keep+ c>eful wat*
 ahead1 & we glide along1 mile aft]     
mile1 ply+ /rokes1 n[ on ! "r & !n on ! 
left1 j suffici5t to guide our boats pa/
 ! rocks into smoo? wat]4 ,at noon we   
em]ge f ,gray ,canyon1 z we h nam$ x1 & 
camp = d9n] "u a cotton-wood tree /&+ on
 ! left bank4  ,ext5sive s& pla9s ext5d 

back f ! imm$iate riv] valley z f> z we 
c see on ei!r side4 ,^! nak$1 drift+ s&s
 gleam brilliantly 9 ! midday sun (     
,july4 ,! reflect$ heat f ! gl>+ surface
 produces a curi\s motion ( ! atmosph]e2
 little curr5ts are g5]at$ & ! :ole     
seems to be trembl+ & mov+ ab\t 9 _m    
directions1 or1 fail+ to see t ! movem5t
 is 9 ! atmosph]e1 x gives ! impression 
( an un/able l&4 ,pla9s & hills & cliffs
 & di/ant m\nta9s seem to be float+     
vaguely ab\t 9 a trembl+1 wave-rock$    
sea1 & pat*es ( l&scape seem to float   
away & be lo/1 & !n to reappe>4  ,j     
opposite1 !re are buttes1 outli]s (     
cliffs to ! left4 ,bel[1 !y are compos$ 
( %ales & m>ls ( light blue & slate     
colors2 above1 ! rocks are buff & gray1 
& !n br[n4 ,! buttes are buttress$ bel[1
 :]e ! azure rocks are se51 & t]rac$    
above ?r\gh ! gray & br[n b$s4 ,a long  
l9e ( cliffs or rock esc>pm5ts sep>ates 
! table-l&s ?r\gh :i* ,gray ,canyon is  
cut1 f ! l[] pla94 ,! eye c trace ^!    
azure b$s & cliffs on ei!r side ( !     

riv]1 9 a long l9e ext5d+ across its    
c\rse1 until !y fade away 9 !           
p]spective4 ,^! cliffs are _m miles 9   
l5g? & hundr$s ( feet high2 & all ^!    
buttes--great m\nta9-masses ( rock--are 
danc+ & fad+ away & reappe>+1 s(tly mov+
 ab\t1--or s !y seem to ! eye z se5     
?r\gh ! %ift+ atmosph]e4  ,?is aft]noon 
our way is ?r\gh a valley ) cottonwood  
groves on ei!r side4 ,! riv] is deep1   
broad1 & quiet4 ,ab\t two h\rs aft] noon
 camp we discov] an ,indian cross+1 :]e 
a numb] ( rafts1 rudely con/ruct$ ( logs
 & b\nd toge!r by )es1 are  ,,f ,,!     
,,u9ta ,,to ,,! ,,gr&4  #aii  float+    
aga9/ ! bank4 ,on l&+1 we see evid5ces t
 a p>ty ( ,indians h cross$ )9 a v few  
days4 ,?is is ! place :]e ! lam5t$      
,gunnison cross$1 9 ! ye> #ahec1 :5 mak+
 an exploration = a railroad r\te to !  
,pacific coa/4  ,an h\r lat] we run a   
long rapid & /op at its foot to exam9e  
"s int]e/+ rocks1 deposit$ by m9]al     
spr+s t at "o "t mu/ h exi/$ "h1 b :i*  
are no long] fl[+4  ,july #ad4-- ,?is   

morn+ we pass "s curi\s black bluffs on 
! "r1 !n two or ?ree %ort canyons1 & !n 
we discov] ! m\? ( ! ,san ,rafael1 a    
/ream :i* comes d[n f ! di/ant m\nta9s 9
 ! we/4 ,"h we /op = an h\r or two &    
take a %ort walk up ! valley1 & f9d x is
 a frequ5t resort = ,indians4 ,arr[heads
 are scatt]$ ab\t1 _m ( !m v beautiful2 
fl9t *ips are /rewn ov] ! gr\nd 9 great 
pr(usion1 & ! trails are well worn4     
,/>t+ aft] d9n]1 we pass "s beautiful   
buttes on ! left1 _m                    
p[ell-canyons-#acc4;jpg  ,,gunnison     
,,butte4 ,,gray ,,canyon 7#b1gjj ,,feet 
,,high74  #bjj ,,canyons ,,( ,,!        
,,colorado4  ( :i* are v symmetrical4   
,!y are *iefly compos$ ( gypsum1 ( _m   
hues1 f light gray to slate color2 !n   
p9k1 purple1 & br[n b$s4 ,n[ we ent]    
ano!r canyon4 ,gradually ! walls rise   
high] & high] z we proce$1 & ! summit ( 
! canyon is =m$ ( ! same b$s (          
orange-color$ s&/one4 ,back f ! br9k !  
holl[s ( ! plateau are fill$ ) s&s      
dis9tegrat$ f ^! orange b$s4 ,!y are ( a

 ri* cream color1 %ad+ into m>oon1      
ev]y:]e de/itute ( vegetation1 & drift$ 
into long1 wave-l ridges4  ,! c\rse ( ! 
riv] is tortu\s1 & x ne>ly d\bles ^u    
itself _m times4 ,! wat] is quiet1 &    
con/ant r[+ is necess>y to make mu*     
headway4 ,sometimes !re is a n>r[ flood 
pla9 betwe5 ! riv] & ! wall1 on "o side 
or ! o!r4 ,:]e ^! long1 g5tle curves are
 f\nd1 ! riv] wa%es ! v foot ( ! out]   
wall4 ,a long p59sula ( will[-bord]$    
mead[ projects )9 ! curve1 & ! talus at 
! foot ( ! cliff is usually cov]$ ) dw>f
 oaks4 ,! orange-color$ s&/one is       
homog5e\s 9 /ructure1 & ! walls are     
usually v]tical1 ?\gh n v high4 ,:]e !  
riv] sweeps ar\nd a curve "u a cliff1 a 
va/ holl[ dome may be se51 ) _m caves & 
deep alcoves1 :i* are greatly admir$ by 
! memb]s ( ! p>ty z we g by4  ,we camp  
at night on ! left bank4  ,july         
#ae4---,our camp is 9 a great b5d ( !   
canyon4 ,! curve is to ! we/ & we are on
 ! ea/ side ( ! riv]4 ,j opposite1 a    
little /ream comes d[n ?r\gh a n>r[ side

 canyon4 ,we cross & g up to explore x4 
,at its m\? ano!r lat]al canyon ent]s1 9
 ! angle betwe5 ! =m] & ! ma9 canyon    
above4 ,/ill ano!r ent]s 9 ! angle      
betwe5 ! canyon bel[ & ! side canyon    
fir/ m5tion$2 s t ?ree side canyons ent]
 at ! same po9t4 ,^! canyons are v      
tortu\s1 almo/ clos$ 9 f view1 &1 se5 f 
! opposite side ( ! riv]1 !y appe> l    
?ree alcoves4 ,we "n ?is ,tr9-,alcove   
,b5d4  ,go+ up ! little /ream 9 ! c5tral
 cove1 we pass betwe5 high walls (      
s&/one1 & w9d ab\t 9 gl5s4 ,spr+s gu% f 
! rocks at ! foot ( ! walls2 n>r[       
passages 9 ! rocks are ?read$1 caves are
 ent]$1 & _m side canyons are obs]v$4   
#bja p[ell-canyons-#acd4;jpg  ,,ru9s ,,(
 ,,ket*ipauan4  #bjb                    
p[ell-canyons-#ace4;jpg  ,,bird',s-,,eye
 ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,l& ,,( ,,! ,,/&+      
,,rocks4  ,,f ,,! ,,u9ta ,,to ,,! ,,gr&4
 #bjc  ,! "r cove is a n>r[1 w9d+ gorge1
 ) ov]hang+ walls1 almo/ %utt+ out !    
light4 ,! left is an amphi!at]1 turn+   
spirally up1 ) ov]hang+ %elves4 ,a s]ies

 ( bas9s fill$ ) wat] are se5 at diff]5t
 altitudes z we pass up2 huge rocks are 
pil$ bel[ on ! "r1 & ov]head !re is an  
ar*$ ceil+4 ,aft] explor+ ^! alcoves1 we
 recross ! riv] & climb ! r\nd$ rocks on
 ! po9t ( ! b5d4 ,9 e direction1 z f> z 
we are able to see1 nak$ rocks appe>4   
,buttes are scatt]$ on ! l&scape1 "h    
r\nd$ into cones1 !re buttress$1        
column$1 & c>v$ 9 qua9t %apes1 ) deep   
alcoves & sunk5 recesses4 ,all ab\t u   
are bas9s1 excavat$ 9 ! s(t s&/one2 & ^!
 h be5 fill$ by ! late ra9s4  ,ov] !    
r\nd$ rocks & wat] pockets we look (f on
 a f9e ,/ret* ( riv]1 & beyond are nak$ 
rocks & beautiful buttes lead+ ! eye to 
! ,azure ,cliffs1 & beyond ^! & above !m
 ! ,br[n ,cliffs1 & /ill beyond1 m\nta9 
peaks2 & cl\ds pil$ ov] all4  ,on we g1 
aft] d9n]1 ) quiet wat]1 /ill compell$  
to r[ 9 ord] to make fair progress4 ,!  
canyon is yet v tortu\s4 ,ab\t six miles
 bel[ noon camp we g ar\nd a great b5d  
to ! "r1 five miles 9 l5g?1 & come back 
to a po9t )9 a qu>t] ( a mile ( :]e we  

/>t$4 ,!n we sweep ar\nd ano!r great b5d
 to ! left1 mak+ a circuit ( n9e miles1 
& come back to a po9t )9 #fjj y>ds ( !  
beg9n+ ( ! b5d4 ,9 ! two circuits we    
describe almo/ ! figure #h4 ,! m5 call x
 a b[knot ( riv]2 s we "n x ,b[knot     
,b5d4 ,! l9e ( ! figure is #ad miles 9  
l5g?4  ,!re is an exquisite *>m 9 our   
ride to-day d[n ?is beautiful canyon4 ,x
 gradually gr[s deep] ) e mile ( travel2
 ! walls are symmetrically curv$ & gr&ly
 ar*$1 ( a beautiful color1 & reflect$ 9
 ! quiet wat]s 9 _m places s z almo/ to 
deceive ! eye & sugge/ to ! behold] !   
?\ght t he is look+ into pr(\nd dep?s4  
,we are all 9 f9e spirits & feel v gay1 
& ! bad9age ( ! m5 is e*o$ f wall to    
wall4 ,n[ & !n we :i/le or %\t or       
dis*>ge a pi/ol1 to li/5 to !           
rev]b]ations among ! cliffs4  ,at night 
we camp on ! s\? side ( ! great ,b[knot1
 & z  #bjd  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!           
,,colorado4  we eat supp]1 :i* is spread
 on ! bea*1 we "n ?is ,labyr9? ,canyon4 
,july #af4--,/ill we g d[n on our w9d+  

way4 ,t[] cliffs are pass$2 !n ! riv]   
wid5s out = sev]al miles1 & mead[s are  
se5 on ei!r side betwe5 ! riv] & !      
walls4 ,we "n ?is expansion ( ! riv]    
,t[] ,p>k4 ,at two o'clock we em]ge f   
,labyr9? ,canyon & g into camp4  ,july  
#ag4--,! l9e :i* sep>ates ,labyr9?      
,canyon f ! "o bel[ is b a l9e1 & at    
once1 ?is morn+1 we ent] ano!r canyon4  
,! wat] fills ! entire *annel1 s t n[h]e
 is !re room to l&4 ,! walls are l[1 b  
v]tical1 & z we proce$ !y gradually     
increase 9 altitude4 ,runn+ a c\ple (   
miles1 ! riv] *anges its c\rse _m       
degrees t[>d ! ea/4 ,j "h a little /ream
 comes 9 on ! "r & ! wall is brok5 d[n2 
s we l& & g out to take                 
p[ell-canyons-#acf4;jpg  ,,! ,,butte ,,(
 ,,! ,,ceoss4  a view ( ! surr\nd+      
c\ntry4 ,we are n[ d[n among ! buttes1 &
 9 a region ! surface ( :i* is nak$1    
solid rock--a beautiful r$ s&/one1 =m+ a
 smoo?1 undulat+ pavem5t4 ,! ,indians   
call ?is ! ,toom'p9 ,tuweap'1 or ,rock  
,l&1 & sometimes ! ,toom'p9 wune>#a     

,tuweap'1 or ,l& ( ,/&+ ,rock4  ,(f to !
 s\? we see a butte 9 ! =m ( a fall5    
cross4 ,x is sev]al miles away1 b x     
pres5ts no inconspicu\s figure on !     
#bje p[ell-canyons-#acg4;jpg  ,,l& ,,(  
,,! ,,/&+ ,,rocks4  #bjf ,,canyons ,,(  
,,! ,,colorado4  l&scape & mu/ be _m    
hundr$s ( feet high1 probably m ?an     
#b1jjj4 ,we note its position on our map
 & "n x ,! ,butte ( ! ,cross4  ,we      
cont9ue our j\rney4 ,9 _m places !      
walls1 :i* rise f ! wat]'s edge1 are    
ov]hang+ on ei!r side4 ,! /ream is /ill 
quiet1 & we glide along ?r\gh a /range1 
weird1 gr& region4 ,! l&scape ev]y:]e1  
away f ! riv]1 is ( rock--cliffs ( rock1
 tables ( rock1 plateaus ( rock1 t]races
 ( rock1 crags ( rock--t5 ?\s& /rangely 
c>v$ =ms2 rocks ev]y:]e1 & no           
vegetation1 no soil1 no s&4 ,9 long1    
g5tle curves ! riv] w9ds ab\t ^! rocks4 
,:5 ?9k+ ( ^! rocks "o mu/ n conceive ( 
piles ( b\ld]s or heaps ( fragm5ts1 b ( 
a :ole l& ( nak$ rock1 ) giant =ms c>v$ 
on x3 ca!dral-%ap$ buttes1 t[]+ hundr$s 

or ?\s&s ( feet1 cliffs t _c be scal$1 &
 canyon walls t %r9k ! riv] into        
insignificance1 ) va/1 holl[ domes &    
tall p9nacles & %afts set on ! v]ge     
ov]head2 & all highly color$--buff1     
gray1 r$1 br[n1 & *ocolate--nev] li*5$1 
nev] moss-cov]$1 b b>e1 & (t5 poli%$4   
,we pass a place :]e two b5ds ( ! riv]  
come toge!r1 an int]v5+ rock hav+ be5   
worn away & a new *annel =m$ across4 ,! 
old *annel ran 9 a great circle ar\nd to
 ! "r1 by :at 0 once a circul> p59sula1 
!n an isl&2 !n ! wat] left ! old *annel 
entirely & pass$ ?r\gh ! cut1 & ! old b$
 ( ! riv] is dry4 ,s ! great circul>    
rock /&s by itself1 ) precipit\s walls  
all ab\t x1 & we f9d b "o place :]e x c 
be scal$4 ,look+ f its summit1 a long   
/ret* ( riv] is se51 sweep+ close to !  
ov]hang+ cliffs on ! "r1 b hav+ a little
 mead[ betwe5 x & ! wall on ! left4 ,!  
curve is v g5tle & regul>4 ,we "n ?is   
,bonita ,b5d4  ,& j "h we climb out once
 m1 to take ano!r be>+ on ,! ,butte ( ! 
,cross4 ,rea*+ an em95ce f :i* we c     

ov]look ! l&scape1 we are surpris$ to   
f9d t our butte1 ) its wond]ful =m1 is  
inde$ two buttes1 "o s /&+ 9 front ( !  
o!r t f our la/ po9t ( view x gave !    
appe>ance ( a cross4  ,a few miles bel[ 
,bonita ,b5d we g out aga9 a mile or two
  #bjg p[ell-canyons-#ach4;jpg          
,,mo5kopi4  #bjh p[ell-canyons-#aci4;jpg
  ,,oraibi ,,h\ses4  ,,f ,,! ,,u9ta ,,to
 ,,! ,,gr&4 #bji  among ! rocks1 t[>d ! 
,orange ,cliffs1 pass+ ov] t]races pav$ 
) jasp]4 ,! cliffs are n f> away & we   
soon rea* !m1 & w&] 9 "s deep1 pa9t$    
alcoves :i* attract$ our att5tion f !   
riv]2 !n we return to our boats4  ,late 
9 ! aft]noon ! wat] becomes swift & our 
boats make great spe$44 ,an h\r ( ?is   
rapid runn+ br+s u to ! junction ( !    
,gr& & ,gre51 ! foot ( ,/illwat]        
,canyon1 z we h nam$ x4 ,^! /reams-unite
 9 solemn dep?s1 m ?an #a1bjj feet bel[ 
! g5]al surface ( ! c\ntry4 ,! walls ( !
 l[] end ( ,/illwat] ,canyon are v      
beautifully curv$1 z ! riv] sweeps 9 its
 me&]+ c\rse4 ,! l[] end ( ! canyon     

?r\gh :i* ! ,gr& comes d[n is also      
regul>1 b mu* m direct1 & we look up ?is
 /ream & out into ! c\ntry beyond &     
obta9 glimpses ( sn[-clad peaks1 !      
summits ( a gr\p ( m\nta9s kn[n z !     
,si]ra ,la ,sal4 ,d[n ! ,colorado !     
canyon walls are mu* brok54  ,we r[     
ar\nd into ! ,gr& & camp on its nor?we/ 
bank2 & "h we propose to /ay sev]al     
days1 = ! purpose ( det]m9+ ! latitude &
 longitude & ! altitude ( ! walls4 ,mu* 
( ! night is sp5t 9 mak+ obs]vations ) !
 sextant4  ,! di/ance f ! m\? ( ! ,u9ta 
to ! head ( ! ,canyon ( ,desolation is  
#bj #c_/d miles4 ,! ,canyon (           
,desolation is #ig miles long2 ,gray    
,canyon1 #cf miles4 ,! c\rse ( ! riv]   
?r\gh ,gunnison ,valley is #bg #a_/d    
miles2 ,labyr9? ,canyon1 #fb #a_/b      
miles4  ,9 ! ,canyon ( ,desolation !    
highe/ rocks imm$iately ov] ! riv] are  
ab\t #b1djj feet4 ,?is is at ,log ,cab9 
,cliff4 ,! highe/ "p ( ! t]race is ne> !
 br9k ( ! ,br[n ,cliffs4 ,climb+ !      
imm$iate walls ( ! canyon & pass+ back  

to ! canyon t]race & climb+ t1 we f9d ! 
altitude above ! riv] to be #c1cjj feet4
 ,! l[] end ( ,gray ,canyon is ab\t     
#b1jjj feet2 ! l[] end ( ,labyr9?       
,canyon1 #a1cjj feet4  ,/illwat] ,canyon
 is #db #c_/d miles long2 ! highe/      
walls1 #a1cjj feet4  #baj               
p[ell-canyons-#adj4;jpg  ,,! ,,he>t ,,( 
,,m>ble ,,canyon4  #baa  ,,*apt] ,x4    
,,f ,,! ,,junction ,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,&    
,,gre5 ,,to ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,! ,,little  
,,colorado4  ,,july #ah4--,! day is sp5t
 9 obta9+ ! "t & spread+ our rations1   
:i* we f9d are badly injur$4 ,! fl\r has
 be5 wet & dri$ s _m times t x is all   
mu/y & full ( h>d lumps4 ,we make a     
sieve ( mosquito nett+ & run our fl\r   
?r\gh1 x1 los+ m ?an #bjj p\nds by !    
process4 ,our losses1 by ! wreck+ ( !   
,no ,"n1 & by v>i\s mi%aps s9ce1 toge!r 
) ! am\nt ?r[n away to-day1 leave u     
little m ?an two mon?s' supplies1 & to  
make !m la/ ?us long we mu/ be =tunate  
en\gh to lose no m4  ,we drag our boats 
on %ore & turn !m ov] to recalk & pit*  

!m1 & ,sumn] is engag$ 9 repair+        
b>omet]s4 ,:ile we are "h = a day or    
two1 re/+1 we propose to put ev]y?+ 9 ! 
be/ %ape = a vigor\s campaign4  ,july   
#ai4--;,bradley & ,i />t ?is morn+ to   
climb ! left wall bel[ ! junction4 ,!   
way we h select$ is up a gul*4 ,climb+ =
 an h\r ov] & among ! rocks1 we f9d     
ourselves 9 a va/ amphi!at] & our way   
cut (f4 ,we clamb] ar\nd to ! left =    
half an h\r1 until we f9d t we _c g up 9
 t direction4 ,!n we try ! rocks ar\nd  
to ! "r & discov] a n>r[ %elf ne>ly half
 a mile long4 ,9 "s places ?is is s wide
 t we pass along ) ease2 9 o!rs x is s  
n>r[ & slop+ t we are compell$ to lie   
d[n & crawl4 ,we c look ov] ! edge ( !  
%elf1 d[n #hjj feet1 & see ! riv] roll+ 
& plung+ among ! rocks4 ,look+ up #ejj  
feet to ! br9k ( ! cliff1 x seems to    
bl5d ) ! sky4 ,we cont9ue along until we
 come to a po9t :]e ! wall is aga9 brok5
 d[n4 ,up we climb4 ,on ! "r !re is a   
n>r[1 mural po9t  #bab #b ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  ( rocks1 ext5d+ t[>d ! 

riv]1 #bjj or #cjj feet high & #fjj or  
#hjj feet long4 ,we come back to :]e ?is
 sets 9 & f9d x cut (f f ! ma9 wall by a
 great crevice4 ,into ?is we pass2 & n[ 
a long1 n>r[ rock is betwe5 u & ! riv]4 
,! rock itself is split longitud9ally & 
transv]sely2 & ! ra9s on ! surface above
 h run d[n ?r\gh ! crevices & ga!r$ into
 *annels bel[ & !n run (f into ! riv]4  
,! crevices are usually n>r[ above &1 by
 erosion ( ! /reams1 wid] bel[1 =m+ a   
network ( caves1 ea* cave hav+ a n>r[1  
w9d+ skylight up ?r\gh ! rocks4 ,we w&] 
among ^! corridors = an h\r or two1 b   
f9d no place :]e ! rocks are brok5 d[n s
 t we c climb up4 ,at la/ we det]m9e to 
attempt a passage by a crevice1 & select
 "o :i* we ?9k is wide en\gh to admit ( 
! passage ( our bodies & yet n>r[ en\gh 
to climb out by press+ our h&s & feet   
aga9/ ! walls4 ,s we climb z m5 w\ld out
 ( a well4 ,bradley climbs fir/2 ,i h&  
him ! b>omet]1 !n climb ov] 8 head & he 
h&s me ! b>omet]4 ,s we pass ea* o!r    
alt]nately until we em]ge f ! fissure1  

out on ! summit ( ! rock4 ,& :at a _w ( 
gr&eur is spread be=e u6 ,bel[ is !     
canyon ?r\gh :i* ! ,colorado runs4 ,we c
 trace its c\rse = miles1 & at po9ts    
cat* glimpses ( ! riv]4 ,f ! nor?we/    
comes ! ,gre5 9 a n>r[ w9d+ gorge4 ,f ! 
nor!a/ comes ! ,gr&1 ?r\gh a canyon t   
seems bottomless f :]e we /&4 ,away to !
 we/ are l9es ( cliffs & l$ges ( rock--n
 su* l$ges z ! read] may h se5 :]e !    
qu>ryman splits 8 blocks1 b l$ges f :i* 
! gods might qu>ry m\nta9s t1 roll$ out 
on ! pla9 bel[1 w\ld /& a l(ty range2 & 
n su* cliffs z ! read] may h se5 :]e !  
swall[ builds its ne/1 b cliffs :]e !   
so>+ eagle is lo/ to view ere he rea*es 
! summit4 ,betwe5 u & ! di/ant cliffs   
are ! /rangely c>v$ & p9nacl$ rocks ( ! 
,toom'p9 wune>' ,tuweap'4 ,on ! summit (
 ! opposite wall ( ! canyon are rock =ms
 t we d n und]/&4 ,away to ! ea/ a gr\p 
( eruptive m\nta9s are se5--! ,si]ra ,la
 ,sal1 :i* we fir/ saw two days ago     
?r\gh ! canyon ( ! ,gr&4 ,_! slopes are 
cov]$ ) p9es1 & deep gul*es are flank$ )

 great crags1 & sn[ fields are se5 ne> !
 summits4 ,s ! m\n-  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to 
,,! ,,little ,,colorado4  #bac  ta9s are
 9 uni=m1--gre51 gray1 & silv]4 ,:]ev]  
we look !re is b a wild]ness (          
rocks1--deep gorges :]e ! riv]s are lo/ 
bel[ cliffs & t[]s & p9nacles1 & t5 ?\s&
 /rangely c>v$ =ms 9 e direction1 &     
beyond !m m\nta9s bl5d+ ) ! cl\ds4  ,n[ 
we return to camp4 ,:ile eat+ supp] we v
 naturally speak ( bett] f>e1 z mu/y    
bread & spoil$ bacon are n palatable4   
,soon ,i see ,hawk9s d[n by ! boat1 tak+
 up ! sextant--r a /range proce$+ =     
him--& ,i "q him conc]n+ x4 ,he replies 
t he is try+ to f9d ! latitude &        
longitude ( ! ne>e/ pie4  ,july         
#bj4--,?is morn+ ,capta9 ,p[ell & ,i g  
out to climb ! we/ wall ( ! canyon1 = ! 
purpose ( exam9+ ! /range rocks se5     
ye/]day f ! o!r side4 ,two h\rs br+ u to
 ! top1 at a po9t betwe5 ! ,gre5 &      
,colorado ov]look+ ! junction ( ! riv]s4
  ,a long neck ( rock ext5ds t[>d ! m\? 
( ! ,gr&4 ,out on ?is we walk1 cross+ a 

great numb] ( deep crevices4 ,usually ! 
smoo? rock slopes d[n to ! fissure on   
ei!r side4 ,sometimes                   
p[ell-canyons-#ada4;jpg  ,a ,,lat]al    
,,canyon4  #bad ,,canyons ,,( ,,!       
,,colorado4  x is an int]e/+ "q to u    
:e!r ! slope is n s /eep t we _c /& on  
x4 ,sometimes1 />t+ d[n1 we are compell$
 to g on1 & :5 we measure ! crevice )   
our eye f above we are n always sure t x
 is n too wide = a jump4 ,probably !    
slopes w\ld n be difficult if !re 0 n a 
fissure at ! l[] end2 nor w\ld !        
fissures cause fe> if !y 7 b a few feet 
deep4 ,x is curi\s h[ a little ob/acle  
becomes a great ob/ruction :5 a mis/ep  
w\ld l& a man 9 ! bottom ( a deep *asm4 
,climb+ ! face ( a cliff1 a man w )\t   
hesitancy walk along a /ep or %elf b a  
few in*es wide if ! l&+ is b t5 feet    
bel[1 b if ! foot ( ! cliff is a ?\s&   
feet d[n he w pref] to crawl along !    
%elf4 ,at la/ our way is cut (f by a    
fissure s deep & wide t we _c pass x4   
,!n we turn & walk back into ! c\ntry1  

ov] ! smoo?1 nak$ s&/one1 )\t           
vegetation1 except t "h & !re dw>f c$>s 
& pin p9es h f\nd a foot+ 9 ! huge      
cracks4 ,!re are great bas9s 9 ! rock1  
hold+ wat]1--"s b a few gallons1 o!rs   
hundr$s ( b>rels4  ,! day is sp5t 9     
walk+ ab\t ?r\gh ^! /range sc5es4 ,a    
n>r[ gul* is cut into ! wall ( ! ma9    
canyon4 ,foll[ ?is up & ! climb is      
rapid1 z if go+ up a m\nta9 side1 = !   
gul* heads b a few hundr$ or a few ?\s& 
y>ds f ! wall4 ,b ?is gul* has its side 
gul*es1 & z ! summit is approa*$ a gr\p 
( radiat+ canyons is f\nd4 ,! spaces    
dra9$ by ^! little canyons are t]rac$1 &
 are1 to a great] or less ext5t1 ( ! =m 
( amphi!at]s1 ?\gh "s are oblong & "s r 
irregul>4 ,usually ! spaces dra9$ by any
 two ( ^! little side canyons are       
sep>at$ by a n>r[ wall1 #ajj1 #bjj1 or  
#cjj feet high1 & (t5 b a few feet 9    
?ickness4 ,sometimes ! wall is brok5    
into a l9e ( pyramids above & /ill      
rema9s a wall bel[4 ,!re are a numb] (  
^! gul*es :i* break ! wall ( ! ma9      

canyon ( ! ,gre51 ea* "o hav+ its sy/em 
( side canyons & amphi!at]s1 inclos$ by 
walls or l9es ( p9nacles4 ,! c\rse ( !  
,gre5 at ?is po9t is approximately at "r
 angles to t ( ! ,colorado1 & on ! br9k 
( ! latt] canyon we f9d ! same sy/em (  
t]rac$ & wall$ gl5s4 ,! walls & p9nacles
 & t[]s are ( s&/one1 homog5e\s 9       
/ructure b n 9 color1 z !y %[ broad b&s 
( r$1  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,! ,,little  
,,colorado4 #bae  buff1 & gray4 ,?is    
pa9t+ ( ! rocks1 divid+ !m into         
sections1 increases _! app>5t height4 ,9
 "s places ^! t]rac$ & wall$ gl5s along 
! ,colorado h coalesc$ ) ^? along !     
,gre52 t is1 ! int]v5+ walls are brok5  
d[n4 ,x is v r>ely t a loose rock is    
se54 ,! s& is wa%$ (f1 s t ! walls1     
t]races1 & slopes ( ! gl5s are all (    
smoo? s&/one4  ,9 ! walls !mselves      
curi\s caves & *annels h be5 c>v$4 ,9 "s
 places !re are little /airways up !    
walls2 9 o!rs1 ! walls pres5t :at are   
kn[n z royal ar*es2 & s we w&] ?r\gh    
gl5s & among p9nacles & climb ! walls f 

e>ly morn until late 9 ! aft]noon4      
,july #ba4--,we />t ?is morn+ on !      
,colorado4 ,! riv] is r\gh1 & bad rapids
 9 close succession are f\nd4 ,two v h>d
 portages are made dur+ ! =5oon4 ,aft]  
d9n]1 9 runn+ a rapid1 ! ,emma ,dean is 
swamp$ & we are ?r[n into ! riv]2 we cl+
 to ! boat1 & 9 ! fir/ quiet wat] bel[  
%e is right$ & bail$ out2 b ?ree o>s are
 lo/ 9 ?is mi%ap4 ,! l>g] boats l& above
 ! dang]\s place1 & we make a portage1  
:i* occupies p[ell-canyons-#adb4;jpg  ,a
 ,,tusayan ,,meal+ ,,tr\gh4  all !      
aft]noon4 ,we camp at night on ! rocks  
on ! left bank1 & c sc>cely f9d room to 
lie d[n4  ,july #bb4--,?is morn+ we     
cont9ue our j\rney1 ?\gh %ort ( o>s4    
,!re is no timb] gr[+ on ! walls )9 our 
rea* & no driftwood along ! banks1 s we 
are compell$ to g on until some?+       
suitable c be f\nd4 ,a mile & ?ree      
qu>t]s bel[1 we f9d  #baf ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  a huge pile (          
driftwood1 among :i* are "s cottonwood  
logs4 ,f ^! we select "o :i* we ?9k !   

be/1 & ! m5 are set at "w saw+ o>s4 ,our
 boats are leak+ aga91 f ! /ra9s receiv$
 9 ! bad rapids ye/]day1 s aft] d9n] !y 
are turn$ ov] & "s ( ! m5 calk !m4      
,capta9 ,p[ell & ,i g out to climb !    
wall to ! ea/1 = we c see dw>f p9es     
above1 & x is our purpose to collect !  
res9 :i* oozes f !m1 to use 9 pit*+ our 
boats4 ,we take a b>omet] ) u & f9d t ! 
walls are becom+ high]1 = n[ !y regi/]  
an altitude above ! riv] ( ne>ly #a1ejj 
feet4  ,july #bc4--,on />t+1 we come at 
once to difficult rapids & falls1 t 9 _m
 places are m abrupt ?an 9 any ( !      
canyons ?r\gh :i* we h pass$1 & we      
decide to "n ?is ,cat>act ,canyon4 ,f   
morn+ until noon ! c\rse ( ! riv] is to 
! we/2 ! sc5]y is gr&1 ) rapids1 & falls
 bel[1 & walls above1 beset ) crags &   
p9nacles4 ,j at noon we :eel aga9 to !  
s\? & g into camp = d9n]4  ,:ile ! cook 
is prep>+ x1 ,bradley1 ,capta9 ,p[ell1 &
 ,i g up into a side canyon t comes 9 at
 ?is po9t4 ,we ent] ?r\gh a v n>r[      
passage1 hav+ to wade along ! c\rse ( a 

little /ream until a cascade int]rupts  
our progress4 ,!n we climb to ! "r = a  
hundr$ feet until we rea* a little %elf1
 along :i* we pass1 walk+ ) great c>e1 =
 x is n>r[2 ?us we pass ar\nd ! fall4   
,"h ! gorge wid5s into a spaci\s1       
sky-ro($ *amb]4 ,9 ! f>!r end is a      
beautiful grove ( cottonwoods1 & betwe5 
u & ! cotton-woods ! little /ream wid5s 
out into ?ree cle> lakelets ) bottoms ( 
smoo? rock4 ,beyond ! cottonwoods !     
brook tumbles 9 a s]ies ( :ite1 %9+     
cascades f heights t seem immeasurable4 
,turn+ ar\nd1 we c look ?r\gh ! cleft   
?r\gh :i* we came & see ! riv] ) t[]+   
walls beyond4 ,:at a *amb] = a          
re/+-place is ?is6 hewn f ! solid rock1 
! heav5s = a ceil+1 cascade f\nta9s )91 
a grove 9 ! cons]vatory1 cle> lakelets =
 a refre%+ ba?1 & an outlook ?r\gh !    
doorway on a rag+ riv]1 ) cliffs &      
m\nta9s beyond4  ,our way aft] d9n] is  
?r\gh a gorge1 gr& beyond description4  
,! walls are ne>ly v]tical1 ! riv] broad
 & swift1 b free f  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to  

,,! ,,little ,,colorado4 #bag  rocks &  
falls4 ,f ! edge ( ! wat] to ! br9k ( ! 
cliffs x is #a1fjj to #a1hjj feet4 ,at  
?is great dep? ! riv] rolls 9 solemn    
maje/y4 ,! cliffs are reflect$ f ! m    
quiet riv]1 & we seem to be 9 ! dep?s ( 
! e>?1 & yet we c look d[n into wat]s t 
reflect a bottomless abyss4 ,e>ly 9 !   
aft]noon we arrive                      
p[ell-canyons-#adc4;jpg  ,,! ,,he>t ,,( 
,,cat>act ,,canyon4  at ! head ( m      
rapids & falls1 b1 we>i$ ) pa/ "w1 we   
det]m9e to re/1 s g into camp1 & !      
aft]noon & ev5+ are sp5t by ! m5 9      
discuss+ ! probabilities ( successfully 
navigat+ ! riv] bel[4 ,! b>ometric      
records are exam9$ to see :at desc5t we 
h made s9ce we left ! m\? ( ! ,gr&1 &   
:at desc5t s9ce we left ! ,pacific      
,railroad1 & :at fall !re yet  #bah     
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  mu/ be to
 ! riv] ere we rea* ! end ( ! great     
canyons4 ,! conclusion at :i* ! m5      
arrive seems to be ab\t ?is3 t !re are  
great desc5ts yet to be made1 b if !y   

are di/ribut$ 9 rapids & %ort falls1 z  
!y h be5 h]et(ore1 we %all be able to   
ov]come !m2 b may be we %all come to a  
fall 9 ^! canyons :i* we _c pass1 :]e ! 
walls rise f ! wat]'s edge1 s t we _c   
l&1 & :]e ! wat] is s swift t we _c     
return4 ,su* places h be5 f\nd1 except t
 ! falls 7 n s great b t we c\ld run !m 
) safety4 ,h[ w x be 9 ! future t ,s !y 
speculate ov] ! s]i\s probabilities 9   
je/+ mood4  ,july #bd4--,we exam9e !    
rapids bel[4 ,l>ge rocks h fall5 f !    
walls--great1 angul> blocks1 :i* h roll$
 d[n ! talus & are /rewn along ! *annel4
 ,we are compell$ to make ?ree portages 
9 succession1 ! di/ance be+ less ?an    
?ree f\r?s ( a mile1 ) a fall ( #ge     
feet4 ,among ^! rocks1 9 *utes1         
:irlpools1 & great waves1 ) ru%+ break]s
 & foam1 ! wat] f9ds its way1 /ill      
tumbl+ d[n4 ,we /op = ! night only ?ree 
f\r?s ( a mile bel[ ! la/ camp4 ,a v h>d
 day's "w has be5 done1 & at ev5+ ,i sit
 on a rock by ! edge ( ! riv] & look at 
! wat] & li/5 to its ro>4 ,h\rs ago deep

 %ad[s settl$ into ! canyon1 z ! sun    
pass$ beh9d ! cliffs4 ,n[1 d\btless1 !  
sun has gone d[n1 = we c see no gl9t (  
light on ! crags above4 ,d>kness is com+
 on2 b ! waves are roll+ ) cre/s ( foam 
s :ite !y seem almo/ to give a light (  
_! own4 ,ne> by1 a *ute ( wat] /rikes ! 
foot ( a great block ( lime/one #ej feet
 high1 & ! wat]s pile up aga9/ x & roll 
back4 ,:]e !re are sunk5 rocks ! wat]   
heaps up 9 m\nds1 or ev5 9 cones4 ,at a 
po9t :]e rocks come v ne> ! surface1 !  
wat] =ms a *ute above1 /rikes1 & is %ot 
up #aj or #ae feet1 & piles back 9 g5tle
 curves1 z 9 a f\nta92 & on ! riv]      
tumbles & rolls4  ,july #be4--,/ill m   
rapids & falls to-day4 ,9 "o1 ! ,emma   
,dean is caught 9 a :irlpool & set sp9n+
 ab\t1 & x is ) great difficulty we are 
able to get out ( x ) only ! loss ( an  
o>4 ,at noon ano!r is made2 & on we g1  
runn+ "s ( ! rapids1 lett+ d[n ) l9es   
pa/ o!rs1 & mak+ two %ort portages4 ,we 
camp on ! "r bank1 hungry & tir$4  ,,f  
,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,! ,,little ,,colorado4 

#bai  ,july #bf4--,we run a %ort di/ance
 ?is morn+ & g into camp to make o>s &  
repair boats & b>omet]s4 ,! walls ( !   
canyon h be5 /eadily increas+ 9 altitude
 to ?is po9t1 & n[ !y are m ?an #b1jjj  
feet high4 ,9 _m places !y are v]tical f
 ! wat]'s edge2 9 o!rs !re is a talus   
betwe5 ! riv] & ! foot ( ! cliff2 & !y  
are (t5 brok5 d[n by side canyons4 ,x is
 probable t ! riv] is ne>ly z l[ n[ z x 
is ev] f\nd4 ,high-wat] m>k c be obs]v$ 
#dj1 #ej1 #fj1 or #ajj feet above its   
pres5t /age4 ,sometimes logs & driftwood
 are se5 w$g$ into ! crevices ov]-head1 
:]e floods h c>ri$ !m4  ,ab\t t5        
o'clock1 ,p[ell1 ,bradley1 ,h[l&1 ,hall1
 & ,i />t p[ell-canyons-#add4;jpg       
,,wat] ,,bas9 ,,9 ,,gypsum ,,canyon4    
#bbj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  up 
a side canyon to ! ea/4 ,we soon come to
 pools ( wat]2 !n to a brook1 :i* is lo/
 9 ! s&s bel[2 & pass+ up ! brook1 we   
see t ! canyon n>r[s1 ! walls close 9 & 
are (t5 ov]hang+1 & at la/ we f9d       
ourselves 9 a va/ amphi!at]1 ) a pool ( 

deep1 cle>1 cold wat] on ! bottom4 ,at  
fir/ our way seems cut (f2 b we soon    
discov] a little %elf1 along :i* we     
climb1 &1 pass+ beyond ! pool1 walk a   
hundr$ y>ds or m1 turn to ! "r1 & f9d   
ourselves 9 ano!r dome-%ap$ amphi!at]4  
,!re is a w9d+ cleft at ! top1 rea*+ out
 to ! c\ntry above1 ne>ly #b1jjj feet   
ov]head4 ,! r\nd$1 bas9-%ap$ bottom is  
fill$ ) wat] to ! foot ( ! walls4 ,!re  
is no %elf by :i* we c pass ar\nd !     
foot4 ,if we swim across we meet ) a    
face ( rock hundr$s ( feet high1 ov] :i*
 a little rill glides1 & x w be         
impossible to climb4 ,s we c g no f>!r  
up ?is canyon4 ,!n we turn back & exam9e
 ! walls on ei!r side c>efully1 to      
discov]1 if possible1 "s way ( climb+   
out4 ,9 ?is se>* e man takes 8 own      
c\rse1 & we are scatt]$4 ,i almo/ ab&on 
! idea ( gett+ out & am engag$ 9 se>*+ =
 fossils1 :5 ,i discov]1 on ! nor?1 a   
brok5 place lip :i* x may be possible to
 climb4 ,! way = a di/ance is up a slide
 ( rocks2 !n up an irregul> amphi!at]1  

on po9ts t =m /eps & give h&hold2 & !n  
,i rea* a little %elf1 along :i* ,i     
walk1 & discov] a v]tical fissure       
p>allel to ! face ( ! wall & rea*+ to a 
high] %elf4 ,?is fissure is n>r[ & ,i   
try to climb up to ! b5*1 :i* is ab\t   
#dj feet ov]head4 ,i h a b>omet] on my  
back1 :i* r imp$es my climb+4 ,! walls (
 ! fissure are ( smoo? lime/one1 (f]+   
nei!r foo?old nor h&hold4 ,s ,i support 
myself by press+ my back aga9/ "o wall &
 my knees aga9/ ! o!r1 & 9 ?is way lift 
my body1 9 a %uffl+ mann]1 a few in*es  
at a "t1 until ,i h made p]haps #be feet
 ( ! di/ance1 :5 ! crevice wid5s a      
little & ,i _c press my knees aga9/ !   
rock 9 front ) suffici5t p[] to give me 
support 9 lift+ my body2 s ,i try to g  
back4 ,?is ,i _c d )\t fall+4 ,s ,i     
/ruggle along sidewise f>!r into !      
crevice1 :]e x n>r[s4 ,b by ?is "t my   
muscles are exhau/$1 & ,i _c climb      
long]2 s ,i move /ill a little f>!r into
 ! crevice1 :]e x is s n>r[ & w$g+ t ,i 
c lie 9 x1 & !re  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,!

 ,,little ,,colorado4  #bba  ,i re/4    
,five or t5 m9utes ( ?is relief1 & up   
once m ,i g1 & rea* ! b5* above4 ,on ?is
 ,i c walk = a qu>t] ( a mile1 till ,i  
come to a place :]e ! wall is aga9 brok5
 d[n1 s ,i c climb up /ill f>!r2 & 9 an 
h\r ,i rea* ! summit4 ,i hang up my     
b>omet] to give x a few m9utes' "t to   
settle1 & occupy myself 9 collect+ res9 
f ! pin p9es1 :i* are f\nd 9 great      
abundance4 ,"o ( ! pr9cipal objects 9   
mak+ ?is climb 0 to get ?is res9 = !    
purpose ( sme>+ our boats2 b ,i h ) me  
no means ( c>ry+ x d[n4 ,! day is v hot 
& my coat 0 left 9 camp1 s ,i h no l9+s 
to te> out4 ,!n x occurs to me to cut (f
 ! sleeve ( my %irt & tie x up at "o    
end1 & 9 ?is little sack ,i collect ab\t
 a gallon ( pit*4 ,aft] tak+ obs]vations
 = altitude1 ,i w&] back on ! rock = an 
h\r or two1 :5 sudd5ly ,i notice t a    
/orm is com+ f ! s\?4 ,i seek a %elt] 9 
! rocks2 b :5 ! /orm                    
p[ell-canyons-#ade4;jpg  ,,! ,,wat]     
,,pocket ,,canyon4  #bbb                

p[ell-canyons-#adf4;jpg  ,,plan ,,( ,,! 
,,ru9 ,,( ,,k9-,,tiel1 ,,ne> ,,tusayan4 
,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,! ,,little         
,,colorado4 #bbc  bur/s1 x comes d[n z a
 flood f ! heav5s1--n ) g5tle drops at  
fir/1 sl[ly increas+ 9 quantity1 b z if 
sudd5ly p\r$ out4 ,i am ?or\ghly dr5*$ &
 almo/ wa%$ away4 ,x la/s n m ?an half  
an h\r1 :5 ! cl\ds sweep by to ! nor? & 
,i h sun%9e aga94  ,9 ! meantime ,i h   
discov]$ a bett] way ( gett+ d[n1 & />t 
= camp1 mak+ ! greate/ ha/e possible4   
,on rea*+ ! bottom ( ! side canyon1 ,i  
f9d a ?\s& /reams roll+ d[n ! cliffs on 
e side1 c>ry+ ) !m r$ s&2 & ^! all unite
 9 ! canyon bel[ 9 "o great /ream ( r$  
mud4  ,travel+ z fa/ z ,i c run1 ,i soon
 rea* ! foot ( ! /ream1 = ! ra9 did n   
rea* ! l[] end ( ! canyon & ! wat] is   
runn+ d[n a dry b$ ( s&2 & al?\gh x     
conies 9 waves sev]al feet high & #ae or
 #bj feet 9 wid?1 ! s&s soak x up & x is
 lo/4 ,b wave foll[s wave & rolls along 
& is swall[$ up2 & /ill ! floods come on
 f above4 ,i f9d t ,i c travel fa/] ?an 

! /ream2 s ,i ha/5 to camp & tell ! m5  
!re is a riv] com+ d[n ! canyon4 ,we    
c>ry our camp equipage ha/ily f ! bank  
to :]e we ?9k x w be above ! wat]4 ,!n  
we /& by & see ! riv] roll on to jo9 !  
,colorado4 ,great quantities ( gypsum   
are f\nd at ! bottom ( ! gorge2 s we "n 
x ,gypsum ,canyon4  ,july #bg4--,we h m 
rapids & falls until noon2 !n we come to
 a n>r[ place 9 ! canyon1 ) v]tical     
walls = sev]al hundr$ feet1 above :i*   
are /eep /eps & slop+ rocks back to !   
summits4 ,! riv] is v n>r[1 & we make   
our way ) great c>e & mu* anxiety1 hugg+
 ! wall on ! left & c>efully exam9+ !   
way be=e u4  ,late 9 ! aft]noon we pass 
to ! left ar\nd a %>p po9t1 :i* is      
some:at brok5 d[n ne> ! foot1 & discov] 
a flock ( m\nta9 %eep on ! rocks m ?an a
 hundr$ feet above u4 ,we l& quickly 9 a
 cove out ( sight1 & away g all ! hunt]s
 ) _! guns1 = ! %eep h n discov]$ u4    
,soon we he> fir+1 & ^? ( u :o h rema9$ 
9 ! boats climb up to see :at success ! 
hunt]s h _h4 ,"o %eep has be5 kill$1 &  

two ( ! m5 are /ill pursu+ !m4 ,9 a few 
m9utes we he> fir+ aga91 & ! next mom5t 
d[n come ! flock clatt]+ ov] ! rocks )9 
#bj  #bbd ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4 
y>ds ( u4 ,"o ( ! hunt]s seizes 8 gun & 
br+s a second %eep d[n1 & ! next m9ute !
 rema9d] ( ! flock is lo/ beh9d ! rocks4
 ,we all give *ase2 b x is impossible to
 foll[ _! tracks ov] ! nak$ rock1 & we  
see !m no m4 ,:]e !y w5t out ( ?is      
rock-wall$ canyon is a my/]y1 = we c see
 no way ( escape4 ,d\btless1 if we c\ld 
sp>e ! "t = ! se>*1 we %\ld f9d a gul*  
up :i* !y ran4  ,we la% our prizes to ! 
deck ( "o ( ! boats & g on = a %ort     
di/ance2 b fre% meat is too tempt+ = u1 
& we /op e>ly to h a fea/4 ,& a fea/ x  
is6 ,two f9e "y %eep6 ,we c>e n = bread 
or beans or dri$ apples to-night2 c(fee 
& mutton are all we ask4  ,july         
#bh4--,we make two portages ?is morn+1  
"o ( !m v long4 ,dur+ ! aft]noon we run 
a *ute m ?an half a mile 9 l5g?1 n>r[ & 
rapid4 ,?is *ute has a floor ( m>ble2 ! 
rocks dip 9 ! direction 9 :i* we are    

go+1 & ! fall ( ! /ream con=ms to !     
incl9ation ( ! b$s2 s we float on wat] t
 is glid+ d[n an incl9$ plane4 ,at !    
foot ( ! *ute ! riv] turns %>ply to ! "r
 & ! wat] rolls up aga9/ a rock :i* f   
above seems to /& directly a?w>t its    
c\rse4 ,z we approa* x we pull ) all our
 p[] to ! "r1 b x seems impossible to   
avoid be+ c>ri$ headlong aga9/ ! cliff2 
we are c>ri$ up high on ! waves--b n    
aga9/ ! rock1 = ! reb\nd+ wat] /rikes u 
& we are beat5 back & pass on ) safety1 
except t we get a good dr5*+4  #bbe     
,aft] ?is ! walls sudd5ly close 91 s t !
 canyon is n>r[] ?an we h ev] kn[n x4 ,!
 wat] fills x f wall to wall1 giv+ u no 
l&+-place at ! foot ( ! cliff2 ! riv] is
 v swift & ! canyon v tortu\s1 s t we c 
see b a few hundr$ y>ds ahead2 ! walls  
t[] ov] u1 (t5 ov]hang+ s z almo/ to %ut
 out ! light4 ,i /& on deck1 wat*+ )    
int5se anxiety1 le/ ?is may lead u into 
"s dang]2 b we glide along1 ) no        
ob/ruction1 no falls1 no rocks1 & 9 a   
mile & a half em]ge f ! n>r[ gorge into 

a m op5 & brok5 portion ( ! canyon4 ,n[ 
t x is pa/1 x seems a v simple ?+ inde$ 
to run ?r\gh su* a place1 b ! fe> ( :at 
might be ahead made a deep impression on
 u4  #bbe p[ell-canyons-#adg4;jpg       
,,pescado ,,h\ses4  #bbf  ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado4  ,at ?ree o'clock we    
arrive at ! foot ( ,cat>act ,canyon4 ,"h
 a long canyon valley comes d[n f ! ea/1
 & ! riv] turns %>ply to ! we/ 9 a      
cont9uation ( ! l9e ( ! lat]al valley4  
,9 ! b5d on ! "r va/ numb]s ( crags &   
p9nacles & t[]-%ap$ rocks are se54 ,we  
call x ,mille ,crag ,b5d4  ,& n[ we :eel
 into ano!r canyon1 on swift wat]       
unob/ruct$ by rocks4 ,?is new canyon is 
v n>r[ & v /raight1 ) walls v]tical bel[
 & t]rac$ above4 ,:]e we ent] x ! br9k (
 p[ell-canyons-#adh4;jpg  ,,repair+     
,,boats ,,at ,,! ,,m\? ,,( ,,dirty      
,,devil ,,riv]4  ! cliff is #a1cjj feet 
above ! wat]1 b ! rocks dip to ! we/1 & 
z ! c\rse ( ! canyon is 9 t direction ! 
walls are se5 sl[ly to decrease 9       
altitude4 ,float+ d[n ?is n>r[ *annel & 

look+  ,,prom ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,!        
,,little ,,colorado4 #bbg  out ?r\gh !  
canyon crevice away 9 ! di/ance1 ! riv] 
is se5 to turn aga9 to ! left1 & beyond 
?is po9t1 away _m miles1 a great m\nta9 
is se54 ,/ill float+ d[n1 we see o!r    
m\nta9s1 n[ on ! "r1 n[ on ! left1 until
 a great m\nta9 range is unfold$ to     
view4 ,we "n ?is ,n>r[ ,canyon1 & x     
t]m9ates at ! b5d ( ! riv] bel[4  ,z we 
g d[n to ?is po9t we discov] ! m\? ( a  
/ream :i* ent]s f ! "r4 ,into ?is our   
little boat is turn$4 ,! wat] is        
exce$+ly muddy & has an unpleasant odor4
 ,"o ( ! m5 9 ! boat foll[+1 see+ :at we
 h done1 %\ts to ',dunn & asks :e!r x is
 a tr\t /ream4 ,dunn replies1 mu*       
disgu/$1 t x is a dirty devil1 & by ?is 
"n ! riv] is to be kn[n h]eaft]4  ,"s ( 
u g out = half a mile & climb a butte to
 ! nor?4 ,! c\rse ( ! ,dirty ,devil     
,riv] c be trac$ = _m miles4 ,x comes   
d[n ?r\gh a v n>r[ canyon1 & beyond x1  
to ! s\?we/1 !re is a long l9e ( cliffs1
 ) a broad t]race1 or b5*1 betwe5 x & ! 

br9k ( ! canyon1 & beyond ^! cliffs is  
situat$ ! range ( m\nta9s se5 z we came 
d[n ,n>r[ ,canyon4 ,look+ up !          
,colorado1 ! *asm ?r\gh :i* x runs c be 
se51 b we _c see d[n to its wat]s4 ,!   
:ole c\ntry is a region ( nak$ rock ( _m
 colors1 ) cliffs & buttes ab\t u & t[]+
 m\nta9s 9 ! di/ance4  ,july #bi4--,we  
ent] a canyon to-day1 ) l[1 r$ walls4 ,a
 %ort di/ance bel[ its head we discov] !
 ru9s ( an old build+ on ! left wall4   
,!re is a n>r[ pla9 betwe5 ! riv] & !   
wall j "h1 & on ! br9k ( a rock #bjj    
feet high /&s ?is old h\se4 ,its walls  
are ( /one1 laid 9 mort> ) mu*          
regul>ity4 ,x 0 probably built ?ree     
/ories high2 ! l[] /ory is yet almo/    
intact2 ! second is mu* brok5 d[n1 &    
sc>cely any?+ is left ( ! ?ird4 ,great  
quantities ( fl9t *ips are f\nd on !    
rocks ne> by1 & _m arr[heads1 "s p]fect1
 o!rs brok52 & fragm5ts ( pott]y are    
/rewn ab\t 9 great pr(usion4 ,on ! face 
( ! cliff1 "u ! build+ & along d[n !    
riv] = #bjj or #cjj y>ds1 !re are _m    

et*+s4 ,two h\rs are giv5 to !          
exam9ation ( ^! int]e/+ ru9s2 !n we run 
d[n fifte5 miles f>!r1 & discov] ano!r  
gr\p4 ,! pr9cipal build+ 0 situat$ on ! 
summit ( ! hill4  #bbh  ,,canyons ,,(   
,,! ,,colorado4  ,a "p ( ! walls are    
/&+1 to ! height ( eight or t5 feet1 & !
 mort> yet rema9s 9 "s places4 ,! h\se 0
 9 ! %ape ( an ,l1 ) five rooms on !    
gr\nd floor1--"o 9 ! angle & two 9 ea*  
ext5sion4 ,9 ! space 9 ! angle !re is a 
deep excavation4 ,f :at we "k ( ! p 9 ! 
,prov9ce ( ,tusayan1 :o are1 d\btless1 (
 ! same race z ! =m] inhabitants ( ^!   
ru9s1 we conclude t ?is 0 a kiva1 or    
und]gr\nd *amb] 9 :i* _! religi\s       
c]emonies 7 p]=m$4  ,we leave ^! ru9s & 
run d[n two or ?ree miles & g into camp 
ab\t mid-aft]noon4 ,& n[ ,i climb ! wall
 & g out into ! back c\ntry = a walk4   
,! s&/one ?r\gh :i* ! canyon is cut is  
r$ & homog5e\s1 be+ ! same z t ?r\gh :i*
 ,labyr9? ,canyon runs4 ,! smoo?1 nak$  
rock /ret*es out on ei!r side ( ! riv] =
 _m miles1 b curi\sly c>v$ m\nds & cones

 are scatt]$ ev]y:]e & deep holes are   
worn out4 ,_m ( ^! pockets are fill$ )  
wat]4 ,9 "o ( ^! holes or wells1 #bj    
feet deep1 ,i f9d a tree gr[+4 ,!       
excavation is s n>r[ t ,i c /ep f its   
br9k to a limb on ! tree & desc5d to !  
bottom ( ! well d[n a gr[+ ladd]4 ,_m ( 
^! pockets p[ell-canyons-#adi4;jpg      
,,ru9s ,,on ,,! ,,br9k ,,( ,,gl5        
,,canyon4  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,!       
,,little ,,colorado4 #bbi  are po?oles1 
be+ f\nd 9 ! c\rses ( little rills or   
brooks t run dur+ ! ra9s :i*            
occasionally fall 9 ?is region2 & (t5 a 
few h>d] rocks1 :i* evid5tly assi/$ 9 _!
 excavation1 c be f\nd 9 _! bottoms4    
,o!rs1 :i* are %all[]1 are n s easily   
expla9$4 ,p]haps :]e !y are f\nd s(t]   
spots exi/$ 9 ! s&/one1 places t yield$ 
m readily to atmosph]ic degradation1 !  
loose s&s be+ c>ri$ away by ! w9ds4  ,j 
be=e sund[n ,i attempt to climb a r\nd$ 
em95ce1 f :i* ,i hope to obta9 a good   
outlook on ! surr\nd+ c\ntry4 ,x is =m$ 
( smoo? m\nds1 pil$ "o above ano!r4 ,up 

^! ,i climb1 w9d+ "h & !re to f9d a     
practicable way1 until ne> ! summit !y  
become too /eep = me to proce$4 ,i se>* 
ab\t a few m9utes = an easi] way1 :5 ,i 
am surpris$ at f9d+ a /airway1 evid5tly 
cut 9 ! rock by h&s4 ,at "o place1 :]e  
!re is a v]tical wall ( #aj or #ab feet1
 ,i f9d an old1 rickety ladd]4 ,x may be
 t ?is 0 a wat*t[] ( t anci5t p ^: homes
 we h f\nd 9 ru9s4 ,on _m ( ! tribut>ies
 ( ! ,colorado1 ,i h h]et(ore exam9$ _! 
des]t$ dwell+s4 ,^? t %[ evid5ces ( be+ 
built dur+ ! latt] "p ( _! occupation ( 
! c\ntry are usually plac$ on ! mo/     
inaccessible cliffs4 ,sometimes ! m\?s (
 caves h be5 wall$ across1 & !re are _m 
o!r evid5ces to %[ _! anxiety to secure 
def5sible positions4 ,probably ! nomadic
 tribes 7 sweep+ d[n ^u !m & !y resort$ 
to ^! cliffs & canyons = safety4 ,x is n
 unreasonable to suppose t ?is orange   
m\nd 0 us$ z a wat*t[]4 ,"h ,i /&1 :]e  
^! n[ lo/ p /ood c5turies ago1 & look   
ov] ?is /range c\ntry1 gaz+ (f to great 
m\nta9s 9 ! nor?we/ :i* are sl[ly       

disappe>+ "u cov] ( ! night2 & !n ,i    
return to camp4 ,x is no easy task to   
f9d my way d[n ! wall 9 ! d>kness1 & ,i 
clamb] ab\t until x is ne>ly midnight :5
 camp is rea*$4  ,july #cj4--,we make   
good progress to-day1 z ! wat]1 ?\gh    
smoo?1 is swift4 ,sometimes ! canyon    
walls are v]tical to ! top2 sometimes !y
 are v]tical bel[ & h a m\nd-cov]$ slope
 above2 9 o!r places ! slope1 ) its     
m\nds1 comes d[n to ! wat]'s edge4      
,/ill proce$+ on our way1 we f9d t !    
orange s&/one is cut 9 two by a gr\p (  
firm1 calc>e\s /rata1 & ! l[] b$ is "u- 
#bcj ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  laid
 by s(t1 gypsif]\s %ales4 ,sometimes !  
upp] homog5e\s b$ is a smoo?1 v]tical   
wall1 b usually x is c>v$ ) m\nds1 )    
g5tly me&]+ valley l9es4 ,! l[] b$1     
yield+ to gravity1 z ! s(t] %ales bel[  
"w1 out into ! riv]1 breaks into angul> 
surfaces1 (t5 hav+ a column> appe>ance4 
,"o c\ld almo/ imag9e t ! walls _h be5  
c>v$ ) a purpose1 to repres5t giant     
ar*itectural =ms4 ,9 ! deep recesses ( !

 walls we f9d spr+s1 ) mosses & f]ns on 
! moi/5$ s&/one4  ,july #ca4--,we h a   
cool1 pleasant ride to-day ?r\gh ?is "p 
( ! canyon4 ,! walls are /eadily        
increas+ 9 altitude1 ! curves are g5tle1
 & (t5 ! riv] sweeps by an arc ( v]tical
 wall1 smoo? & unbrok51 & !n by a curve 
t is v>iegat$ by royal ar*es1 mossy     
alcoves1 deep1 beautiful gl5s1 & pa9t$  
grottoes4 ,soon aft] d9n] we discov] !  
m\? ( ! ,san ,juan1 :]e we camp4 ,!     
rema9d] ( ! aft]noon is giv5 to hunt+ "s
 way by :i* we c climb out ( ! canyon2 b
 x ends 9 failure4  ,augu/ #a4--,we drop
 d[n two miles ?is morn+ & g into camp  
aga94 ,!re is a l[1 will[-cov]$ /rip (  
l& along ! walls on ! ea/4 ,across ?is  
we walk1 to explore an alcove :i* we see
 f ! riv]4 ,on ent]+1 we f9d a little   
grove ( box-eld] & cotton-wood trees1 & 
turn+ to ! "r1 we f9d ourselves 9 a va/ 
*amb]1 c>v$ out ( ! rock4 ,at ! upp] end
 !re is a cle>1 deep pool ( wat]1 bord]$
 ) v]dure4 ,/&+ by ! side ( ?is1 we c   
see ! grove at ! entrance4 ,! *amb] is m

 ?an #bjj feet high1 #ejj feet long1 &  
#bjj feet wide4 ,?r\gh ! ceil+1 & on    
?r\gh ! rocks = a ?\s& feet above1 !re  
is a n>r[1 w9d+ skylight2 & ?is is all  
c>v$ out by a little /ream :i* runs only
 dur+ ! few %[]s t fall n[ & !n 9 ?is   
arid c\ntry4 ,! wat]s f ! b>e rocks back
 ( ! canyon1 ga!r+ rapidly into a small 
*annel1 h erod$ a deep side canyon1     
?r\gh :i* !y run until !y fall into !   
f>!r end ( ?is *amb]4 ,! rock at ! ceil+
 is h>d1 ! rock bel[1 v s(t & friable2 &
 hav+ cut ?r\gh ! upp] & h>d] portion   
d[n into ! l[] & s(t]1 ! /ream has wa%$ 
out ^! friable s&/ones2 & ?us ! *amb]   
has be5 excavat$4  ,"h we br+ our camp4 
,:5 ,old ,%ady s+s u a song at  ,,f ,,! 
,,gr& ,,to ,,! ,,little ,,colorado4     
#bca  night1 we are pleas$ to f9d t ?is 
holl[ 9 ! rock is fill$ ) sweet s\nds4  
,x 0 d\btless made = an academy ( music 
by its /orm-born ar*itect2 s we "n x    
,music ,temple4  ,augu/ #b4--,we /ill   
keep our camp 9 ,music ,temple to-day4  
,i wi% to obta9 a view ( ! adjac5t      

c\ntry1 if possible2 s1 e>ly 9 ! morn+ !
 m5 take me across ! riv]1 & ,i pass    
along by ! foot ( ! cliff half a mile up
 /ream & !n climb1 fir/ up brok5 l$ges1 
!n #bjj or #cjj y>ds up a smoo?1 slop+  
rock1 & !n pass out on a n>r[ ridge4    
,/ill1 ,i f9d ,i h n atta9$ an altitude 
f :i* ,i c ov]look ! region outside ( ! 
canyon2 & s ,i desc5d into a little gul*
 & climb aga9 to a high] ridge1 all !   
way along nak$ s&/one1 & at la/ ,i rea* 
a po9t ( comm&+ view4 ,i c look sev]al  
miles up ! ,san ,juan1 & a long di/ance 
up ! ,colorado2 & away to ! nor?we/ ,i c
 see ! ,h5ry ,m\nta9s2 to ! nor!a/1 !   
,si]ra ,la ,sal2 to ! s\!a/1 unkn[n     
m\nta9s2 & to ! s\?we/1 ! me&]+ ( !     
canyon4 ,!n ,i return to ! bank ( !     
riv]4 ,we sleep aga9 9 ,music ,temple4  
,augu/ #c4--,/>t e>ly ?is morn+4 ,!     
features ( ?is canyon are greatly       
div]sifi$4 ,/ill v]tical walls at times4
 ,^! are usually f\nd to /& above great 
curves4 ,! riv]1 sweep+ ar\nd ^!        
p[ell-canyons-#aej4;jpg  ,,isl&         

,,monum5t ,,9 ,,gl5 ,,canyon4  #bcb     
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  b5ds1    
und]m9es ! cliffs 9 places4 ,sometimes !
 rocks are ov]hang+2 9 o!r curves1      
curi\s1 n>r[ gl5s are f\nd4 ,?r\gh ^! we
 climb1 by a r\gh /airway1 p]haps sev]al
 hundr$ feet1 to :]e a spr+ bur/s out f 
"u an ov]hang+ cliff1 & :]e cottonwoods 
& will[s /&1 :ile along ! curves ( !    
brooklet oaks gr[1 & o!r ri* vegetation 
is se51 9 m>k$ contra/ to ! g5]al       
appe>ance ( nak$ rock4 ,we call ^! ,oak 
,gl5s4  ,o!r wond]ful features are ! _m 
side canyons or gorges t we pass4       
,sometimes we /op to explore ^! = a %ort
 di/ance4 ,9 "s places _! walls are mu* 
ne>] ea* o!r above ?an bel[1 s t !y look
 some:at l caves or *amb]s 9 ! rocks4   
,usually1 9 go+ up su* a gorge1 we f9d  
beautiful vegetation2 b our way is (t5  
cut (f by deep bas9s1 or po?oles1 z !y  
are call$4  ,on ! walls1 & back _m miles
 into ! c\ntry1 numb]s ( monum5t-%ap$   
buttes are obs]v$4 ,s we h a curi\s     
ensemble ( wond]ful features--c>v$      

walls1 royal ar*es1 gl5s1 alcove gul*es1
 p[ell-canyons-#aea4;jpg  ,,gl5         
,,canyon4  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,!       
,,little ,,colorado4 #bcc  m\nds1 &     
monum5ts4 ,f :i* ( ^! features %all we  
select a "n8 ,we decide to call x ,gl5  
,canyon4  ,pa/ ^! t[]+ monum5ts1 pa/ ^! 
m\nd$ bill[s ( orange s&/one1 pa/ ^!    
oak-set gl5s1 pa/ ^! f]n-deck$ alcoves1 
pa/ ^! mural curves1 we glide h\r aft]  
h\r1 /opp+ n[ & !n1 z our att5tion is   
arre/$ by "s new wond]1 until we rea* a 
po9t :i* is hi/oric4  ,9 ! ye> #aggf1   
,fa!r ,escalante1 a ,spani% prie/1 made 
an exp$ition f ,santa ,fe to ! nor?we/1 
cross+ ! ,gr& & ,gre51 & !n pass+ d[n   
along ! ,wasat* ,m\nta9s & ! s\!rn      
plateaus until he rea*$ ! ,rio ,virg54  
,8 int5tion 0 to cross to ! ,mission (  
,mont]ey2 b1 f in=mation receiv$ f !    
,indians1 he decid$ t ! r\te 0          
impracticable4 ,n wi%+ to return to     
,santa ,fe ov] ! circuit\s r\te by :i*  
he _h j travel$1 he attempt$ to g by "o 
m direct1 :i* l$ him across ! ,colorado 

at a po9t kn[n z ,el ,vado de los       
,padres4 ,f ! description :i* we h read1
 we are enabl$ to det]m9e ! place4 ,a   
little /ream comes d[n ?r\gh a v n>r[   
side canyon f ! we/4 ,x 0 d[n ?is t he  
came1 & our boats are ly+ at ! po9t :]e 
! =d crosses4 ,a well-beat5 ,indian     
trail is se5 "h yet4 ,betwe5 ! cliff & !
 riv] !re is a little mead[4 ,! a%es (  
_m camp fires are se51 & ! bones (      
numb]s ( cattle are blea*+ on ! grass4  
,= sev]al ye>s ! ,navajos h raid$ on !  
,mormons t dwell 9 ! valleys to ! we/1 &
 !y d\btless cross frequ5tly at ?is =d )
 _! /ol5 cattle4  ,augu/ #d4--,to-day ! 
walls gr[ high] & ! canyon mu* n>r[]4   
,monum5ts are /ill se5 on ei!r side2    
beautiful gl5s & alcoves & gorges & side
 canyons are yet f\nd4 ,aft] d9n] we f9d
 ! riv] mak+ a sudd5 turn to ! nor?we/ &
 ! :ole "* ( ! canyon *ang$4 ,! walls   
are _m hundr$s ( feet high]1 & ! rocks  
are *iefly v>iegat$ %ales ( beautiful   
colors--creamy orange above1 !n bright  
v]milion1 & bel[1 purple & *ocolate b$s1

 ) gre5 & yell[ s&s4 ,we run f\r miles  
?r\gh ?is1 9 a direction a little to !  
we/ ( nor?1 :eel aga9 to ! we/1 & pass  
into a portion ( ! canyon :]e !         
*>act]i/ics are m l ^? above ! b5d4 ,at 
night we /op at ! m\? (  #bcd  ,,canyons
 ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  a creek com+ 9 f !
 "r1 & suppose x to be ! ,p>ia1 :i* 0   
describ$ to me la/ ye> by a ,mormon     
mission>y4 ,"h ! canyon t]m9ates        
abruptly 9 a l9e ( cliffs1 :i* /ret*es f
 ei!r side across ! riv]4  ,augu/       
#e4--,) "s feel+ ( anxiety we ent] a new
 canyon ?is morn+4 ,we h le>n$ to obs]ve
 closely ! texture ( ! rock4 ,9 s(t]    
/rata we h a quiet riv]1 9 h>d] we f9d  
rapids & falls4 ,bel[ u are ! lime/ones 
& h>d s&/ones :i* we f\nd 9 ,cat>act    
,canyon4 ,?is bodes toil & dang]4       
,besides ! texture ( ! rocks1 !re is    
ano!r condition :i* affects ! "* ( !    
*annel1 z we h f\nd by exp]i5ce4 ,:]e ! 
/rata are horizontal ! riv] is (t5      
quiet1 &1 ev5 ?\gh x may be v swift 9   
places1 no great ob/acles are f\nd4 ,:]e

 ! rocks incl9e 9 ! direction travel$1 !
 riv] usually sweeps ) great velocity1 b
 /ill has few rapids & falls4 ,b :]e !  
rocks dip up /ream & ! riv] cuts        
obliquely across ! upturn$ =mations1    
h>d] /rata above & s(t] bel[1 we h      
rapids & falls4 ,into h>d rocks & into  
rocks dipp+ up /ream we pass ?is morn+ &
 />t on a long1 rocky1 mad rapid4 ,on ! 
left !re is a v]tical rock1 & d[n by ?is
 cliff & ar\nd to ! left we glide1 toss$
 j en\gh by ! waves to appreciate ! rate
 at :i* we are travel+4  #bce  ,! canyon
 is n>r[1 ) v]tical walls1 :i* gradually
 gr[ high]4 ,m rapids & falls are f\nd4 
,we come to "o ) a drop ( sixte5 feet1  
ar\nd :i* we make a portage1 & !n /op = 
d9n]4 ,!n a run ( two miles1 & ano!r    
portage1 long & difficult2 !n we camp = 
! night on a bank ( s&4  ,augu/         
#f4--;,canyon walls1 /ill high] & high]1
 z we g d[n ?r\gh /rata4 ,!re is a /eep 
talus at ! foot ( ! cliff1 & 9 "s places
 ! upp] p>ts ( ! walls are t]rac$4      
,ab\t t5 o'clock we come to a place :]e 

! riv] occupies ! entire *annel & !     
walls are v]tical f ! wat]'s edge4 ,we  
see a fall bel[ & r[ up aga9/ ! cliff4  
,!re is a little %elf1 or r a horizontal
 crevice1 a few feet ov] our heads4 ,"o 
man /&s on ! deck ( ! boat1 ano!r climbs
 on 8 %\ld]s1 & !n into ! crevice4 ,!n  
we pass him a l9e1 & two or ?ree o!rs1 )
 myself1 foll[2 !n we pass along !      
crevice until x becomes a %elf1 z  #bce 
p[ell-canyons-#aeb4;jpg  ,,an ,,enclos+ 
,,wall ,,( ,,upright ,,/ones ,,at ,,ojo 
,,cali5te4  #bcf  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!     
,,colorado4  ! upp] "p1 or ro(1 is brok5
 (f4 ,on ?is we walk = a %ort di/ance1  
sl[ly climb+ all ! way1 until we rea* a 
po9t :]e ! %elf is brok5 (f1 & we c pass
 no f>!r4 ,s we g back to ! boat1 cross 
! /ream1 & get "s logs t h lodg$ 9 !    
rocks1 br+ !m to our side1 pass !m along
 ! crevice & %elf1 & bridge ov] ! brok5 
place4 ,!n we g on to a po9t ov] !      
falls1 b d n obta9 a satisfactory view4 
,s we climb out to ! top ( ! wall & walk
 along to f9d a po9t bel[ ! fall f :i* x

 c be se54 ,f ?is po9t x seems possible 
to let d[n our boats ) l9es to ! head ( 
! rapids1 & !n make a portage2 s we     
return1 r[ d[n by ! side ( ! cliff z f> 
z we d>e1 & fa/5 "o ( ! boats to a rock4
 ,!n we let d[n ano!r boat to ! end (   
its l9e beyond ! fir/1 & ! ?ird boat to 
! end ( its l9e bel[ ! second1 :i* br+s 
x to ! head ( ! fall & "u an ov]hang+   
rock4 ,!n ! upp] boat1 9 ob$i5ce to a   
signal1 lets g2 we pull 9 ! l9e & cat* !
 ne>e/ boat z x comes1 & !n ! la/4 ,!   
portage foll[s4  ,we g into camp e>ly   
?is aft]noon at a place :]e x seems     
possible to climb out1 & ! ev5+ is sp5t 
9 mak+ obs]vations = "t4                
p[ell-canyons-#aec4;jpg  ,,m>ble        
,,canyon4  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,!       
,,little ,,colorado4 #bcg  ,augu/       
#g4--,! almanac tells u t we are to h an
 eclipse ( ! sun to-day2 s ,capta9      
,p[ell & myself />t e>ly1 tak+ our      
in/rum5ts ) u = ! purpose ( mak+        
obs]vations on ! eclipse to det]m9e our 
longitude4 ,arriv+ at ! summit1 aft] f\r

 h\rs' h>d climb+ to atta9 #b1cjj feet 9
 height1 we hurri$ly build a plat=m (   
rocks on :i* to place our in/rum5ts1 &  
quietly wait = ! eclipse2 b cl\ds come  
on & ra9 falls1 & sun & moon are        
obscur$4  ,mu* disappo9t$1 we />t on our
 return to camp1 b x is late & ! cl\ds  
make ! night v d>k4 ,we feel our way d[n
 among ! rocks ) great c>e = two or ?ree
 h\rs1 mak+ sl[ progress inde$4 ,at la/ 
we lose our way & d>e proce$ no f>!r4 ,!
 ra9 comes d[n 9 torr5ts & we c f9d no  
%elt]4 ,we c nei!r climb up nor g d[n1 &
 9 ! d>kness d>e n move ab\t2 s we sit &
 wea!r out ! night4  ,augu/             
#h4--;,daylight comes aft] a long1 oh1  
h[ long6 a night1 & we soon rea* camp4  
,aft] breakfa/ we />t aga91 & make two  
portages dur+ ! =5oon4  ,! lime/one (   
?is canyon is (t5 poli%$1 & makes a     
beautiful m>ble4 ,sometimes ! rocks are 
( _m colors--:ite1 gray1 p9k1 & purple1 
) saffron t9ts4 ,x is ) v great labor t 
we make progress1 meet+ ) _m            
ob/ructions1 runn+ rapids1 lett+ d[n our

 boats ) l9es f rock to rock1 &         
sometimes c>ry+ boats & c>goes ar\nd bad
 places4 ,we camp at night1 j aft] a h>d
 portage1 "u an ov]hang+ wall1 glad to  
f9d %elt] f ! ra94 ,we h to se>* = "s "t
 to f9d a few /icks ( driftwood1 j      
suffici5t to boil a cup ( c(fee4  ,!    
wat] sweeps rapidly 9 ?is elb[ ( riv]1 &
 has cut its way "u ! rock1 excavat+ a  
va/ half-circul> *amb]1 :i*1 if utiliz$ 
= a !at]1 w\ld give sitt+ to #ej1jjj p4 
,objection might be rais$ aga9/ x1      
h[ev]1 = at high wat] ! floor is cov]$ )
 a rag+ flood4  ,augu/ #i4--;,& n[ !    
sc5]y is on a gr& scale4 ,! walls ( !   
canyon1 #b1ejj feet high1 are ( m>ble1 (
 _m beautiful colors1 (t5 poli%$ bel[ by
 ! waves1 & sometimes f> up ! sides1 :]e
 %[]s h wa%$ ! s&s ov] ! cliffs4 ,at "o 
place ,i  #bch #h ,,canyons ,,( ,,!     
,,colorado4  h a walk = m ?an a mile on 
a m>ble pavem5t1 all poli%$ & frett$ )  
/range devices & emboss$ 9 a ?\s&       
fanta/ic patt]ns4 ,?r\gh a cleft 9 !    
wall ! sun %9es on ?is pavem5t & x      

gleams 9 iridesc5t beauty4  ,i pass up  
into ! cleft4 ,x is v n>r[1 ) a         
succession ( pools /&+ at high] levels z
 ,i g back4 ,! wat] 9 ^! pools is cle> &
 cool1 com+ d[n f spr+s4 ,!n ,i return  
to ! pavem5t1 :i* is b a t]race or b5*1 
ov] :i* ! riv] runs at its flood1 b left
 b>e at pres5t4 ,along ! pavem5t 9 _m   
places are bas9s ( cle> wat]1 9 /range  
contra/ to ! r$ mud ( ! riv]4 ,at l5g?  
,i come to ! end ( ?is m>ble t]race &   
take aga9 to ! boat4  ,rid+ d[n a %ort  
di/ance1 a beautiful view is pres5t$4 ,!
 riv] turns %>ply to ! ea/ & seems      
inclos$ by a wall set ) a million       
brilliant gems4 ,:at c x mean8 ,e eye is
 engag$1 e "o wond]s4 ,on com+ ne>] we  
f9d f\nta9s bur/+ f ! rock high ov]head1
 & ! spray 9 ! sun%9e =ms ! gems :i*    
b$eck ! wall4 ,! rocks bel[ ! f\nta9 are
 cov]$ ) mosses & f]ns & _m beautiful   
fl[]+ plants4 ,we "n x ,vasey's         
,p>adise1 9 honor ( ! botani/ :o travel$
 ) u la/ ye>4  ,we pass _m side canyons 
to-day t are d>k1 gloomy passages back  

into ! he>t ( ! rocks t =m ! plateau    
?r\gh :i* ?is canyon is cut4 ,x ra9s    
aga9 ?is aft]noon4 ,sc>cely d ! fir/    
drops fall :5 little rills run d[n !    
walls4 ,z ! /orm comes on1 ! little     
rills increase 9 size1 until great      
/reams are =m$4 ,al?\gh ! walls ( !     
canyon are *iefly lime/one1 ! adjac5t   
c\ntry is ( r$ s&/one2 & n[ ! wat]s1    
load$ ) ^! s&s1 come d[n 9 riv]s (      
bright r$ mud1 leap+ ov] ! walls 9      
innum]able cascades4 ,x is pla9 n[ h[ ^!
 walls are poli%$ 9 _m places4  ,at la/ 
! /orm ceases & we g on4 ,we h cut ?r\gh
 ! s&/ones & lime/ones met 9 ! upp] "p (
 ! canyon1 & ?r\gh "o great b$ ( m>ble a
 ?\s& feet 9 ?ickness4 ,9 ?is1 great    
numb]s ( caves are holl[$ out1 & c>v+s  
are se5 :i* sugge/ ar*itectural =ms1    
?\gh on a scale s gr& t ar*itec-  #bci  
p[ell-canyons-#aed4;jpg  ,,noonday ,,re/
 ,,9 ,,m>ble ,,canyon4  #bdj            
p[ell-canyons-#aee4;jpg  ,,view ,,(     
,,m>ble ,,canyon ,,f ,,v]milion         
,,cliffs4  ,,f ,,! ,,gr& ,,to ,,!       

,,little ,,colorado4 #bda  tural t]ms   
belittle !m4 ,z ?is great b$ =ms a      
di/9ctive feature ( ! canyon1 we call x 
,m>ble ,canyon4  ,x is a peculi> feature
 ( ^! walls t _m projections are set out
 into ! riv]1 z if ! wall 0 buttress$ = 
support4 ,! walls !mselves are half a   
mile high1 & ^! buttresses are on a     
correspond+ scale1 jutt+ into ! riv]    
scores ( feet4 ,9 ! recesses betwe5 ^!  
projections !re are quiet bays1 except  
at ! foot ( a rapid1 :5 !re are danc+   
eddies or :irlpools4 ,sometimes ^!      
alcoves h caves at ! back1 giv+ !m !    
appe>ance ( great dep?4 ,!n o!r caves   
are se5 above1 =m+ va/ dome-%ap$ *amb]s4
 ,! walls & buttresses & *amb]s are all 
( m>ble4  ,! riv] is n[ quiet2 ! canyon 
wid]4 ,above1 :5 ! riv] is at its flood1
 ! wat]s gorge up1 s t ! diff]5ce betwe5
 high & l[ wat] m>k is (t5 #ej or ev5   
#gj feet1 b "h high-wat] m>k is n m ?an 
#bj feet above ! pres5t /age ( ! riv]4  
,sometimes !re is a n>r[ flood pla9     
betwe5 ! wat] & ! wall4 ,"h we fir/     

discov] mesquite %rubs1--small trees )  
f9ely divid$ leaves & pods1 some:at l ! 
locu/4  ,augu/ #aj4--,walls /ill high]2 
wat] swift aga94 ,we pass sev]al broad1 
ragg$ canyons on our "r1 & up ?r\gh ^!  
we cat* glimpses ( a =e/-clad plateau1  
miles away to ! we/4  ,at two o'clock we
 rea* ! m\? ( ! ,colorado ,*iquito4 ,?is
 /ream ent]s ?r\gh a canyon on a scale q
 z gr& z t ( ! ,colorado itself4 ,x is a
 v small riv] & exce$+ly muddy & sal9e4 
,i walk up ! /ream ?ree or f\r miles ?is
 aft]noon1 cross+ & recross+ :]e ,i c   
easily wade x4 ,!n ,i climb sev]al      
hundr$ feet at "o place1 & c see =      
sev]al miles up ! *asm ?r\gh :i* ! riv] 
runs4 ,on my way back ,i kill two       
rattlesnakes1 & f9d on my arrival t     
ano!r has be5 kill$ j at camp4  ,augu/  
#aa4--,we rema9 at ?is po9t to-day = !  
purpose ( det]m9+ ! latitude &          
longitude1 measur+ ! height ( ! walls1  
dry+ our rations1 & repair+ our boats4  
,capta9 ,p[ell e>ly 9 ! morn+ takes a   
b>omet] & goes out to climb a po9t      

betwe5 ! two riv]s4 ,i walk d[n ! gorge 
to ! left at ! foot ( ! cliff1 climb to 
a b5*1 & discov] a trail1 deeply worn 9 
! rock4 ,:]e x crosses ! side gul*es 9  
"s  #bdb ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  
places /eps h be5 cut4 ,i c see no      
evid5ce ( its hav+ be5 travel$ = a long 
"t4 ,x 0 d\btless a pa? us$ by ! p :o   
inhabit$ ?is c\ntry ant]ior to ! pres5t 
,indian races--! p :o built ! communal  
h\ses ( :i* m5tion has be5 made4  ,i    
return to camp ab\t ?ree o'clock & f9d t
 "s ( ! m5 h discov]$ ru9s & _m fragm5ts
 ( pott]y2 also et*+s & hi]oglyphics on 
! rocks4  ,we f9d to-night1 on comp>+ ! 
read+s ( ! b>omet]s1 t ! walls are ab\t 
#c1jjj feet high--m ?an half a mile--an 
altitude difficult to appreciate f a m]e
 /atem5t ( feet4 ,! slope by :i* ! asc5t
 is made is n su* a slope z is usually  
f\nd 9 climb+ a m\nta91 b "o mu* m      
abrupt--(t5 v]tical = _m hundr$s (      
feet1--s t ! impression is giv5 t we are
 at great dep?s1 & we look up to see b a
 little pat* ( sky4  ,betwe5 ! two      

/reams1 above ! ,colorado ,*iquito1 9 "s
 places ! rocks are brok5 & %elv+ = #fjj
 ,or #gjj feet2 !n !re is a slop+       
t]race1 :i* c be climb$ only by f9d+ "s 
way up a gul*2 !n ano!r t]race1 & back1 
/ill ano!r cliff4 ,! summit ( ! cliff is
 #c1jjj feet above ! riv]1 z our        
b>omet]s atte/4  ,our camp is bel[ !    
,colorado ,*iquito & on ! ea/]n side ( !
 canyon4  ,augu/ #ab4--,! rocks above   
camp are ru/-color$ s&/ones &           
conglom]ates4 ,"s are v h>d2 o!rs q s(t4
 ,!y all lie ne>ly horizontal1 & ! b$s (
 s(t] mat]ial h be5 wa%$ out1 leav+ !   
h>d] =m+ a s]ies ( %elves4 ,long l9es ( 
^! are se51 ( v>y+ ?ickness1 f "o or two
 to tw5ty or ?irty feet1 & ! spaces     
betwe5 h ! same v>iability4 ,?is morn+  
,i sp5d two or ?ree h\rs 9 climb+ among 
^! %elves1 & !n ,i pass above !m & g up 
a long slope to ! foot ( ! cliff & try  
to discov] "s way by :i* ,i c rea* ! top
 ( ! wall2 b ,i f9d my progress cut (f  
by an amphi!at]4 ,!n ,i w&] away ar\nd  
to ! left1 up a little gul* & along     

b5*es1 climb+ f "t to "t1 until ,i rea* 
an altitude ( ne>ly #b1jjj feet & c get 
no high]4 ,f ?is po9t ,i c look (f to ! 
we/1 up side canyons ( ! ,colorado1 &   
see ! edge ( a great plateau1 f :i*     
/reams run d[n into ! ,colorado1 & deep 
gul*es 9 !  #bdc p[ell-canyons-#aef4;jpg
  ,,adobe ,,walls1 ,,zu,i  #bdd         
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  esc>pm5t 
:i* faces u1 cont9u$ by canyons1 ragg$ &
 fl>+ & set ) cliffs & t[]+ crags1 d[n  
to ! riv]4 ,i c see f> up ,m>ble ,canyon
 to long l9es ( *ocolate-color$ cliffs1 
& above ^! ! ,v]milion ,cliffs4 ,i c    
see1 also1 up ! ,colorado ,*iquito1     
?r\gh a v ragg$ & brok5 canyon1 ) %>p   
sali5ts set out f ! walls on ei!r side1 
_! po9ts ov]lapp+1 s t a huge too? (    
m>ble on "o side seems to be set betwe5 
two tee? on ! opposite2 & ,i c also get 
glimpses ( walls /&+ away back f ! riv]1
 :ile ov] my head are mural esc>pm5ts n 
possible to be scal$4  ,cat>act ,canyon 
is #da miles long4 ,! walls are #a1cjj  
feet high at its head1 & !y gradually   

increase 9 altitude to a po9t ab\t      
halfway d[n1 :]e !y are #b1gjj feet1 &  
!n decrease to #a1cjj feet at ! foot4   
,n>r[ ,canyon is #i #a_/b miles long1 ) 
walls #a1cjj feet 9 height at ! head &  
com+ d[n to ! wat] at ! foot4  ,!re is v
 little vegetation 9 ?is canyon or 9 !  
adjac5t c\ntry4 ,j at ! junction ( !    
,gr& & ,gre5 !re are a numb] ( hackb]ry 
trees2 & along ! entire l5g? ( ,cat>act 
,canyon ! high-wat] l9e is m>k$ by      
scatt]$ trees ( ! same species4 ,a few  
nut p9es & c$>s are f\nd1 & occasionally
 a r$bud or ,judas tree2 b ! g5]al      
aspect ( ! canyons & ( ! adjac5t c\ntry 
is t ( nak$ rock4  #bdd  ,! di/ance     
?r\gh ,gl5 ,canyon is #adi miles4 ,its  
walls v>y 9 height f #bjj or #cjj to    
#a1fjj feet4 ,m>ble ,canyon is #fe #a_/b
 miles long4 ,at its head x is #bjj feet
 deep1 & x /eadily increases 9 dep? to  
its foot1 :]e its walls are #c1ejj feet 
high4  #bde p[ell-canyons-#aeg4;jpg     
#bdf p[ell-canyons-#aeh4;jpg  ,,at ,,!  
,,m\? ,,( ,,! ,,little ,,colorado4  #bdg

  ,,*apt] ,,xi4  ,,f ,,! ,,little       
,,colorado ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr&
 ,,canyon4  ,,augu/ #ac4--,we are n[    
ready to />t on our way d[n ! ,great    
,unkn[n4 ,our boats1 ti$ to a common1   
/ake1 *afe ea* o!r z !y are toss$ by !  
fretful riv]4 ,!y ride high & buoyant1 =
 _! loads are light] ?an we c\ld desire4
 ,we h b a mon?'s rations rema9+4 ,!    
fl\r has be5 resift$ ?r\gh !            
mosquito-net sieve2 ! spoil$ bacon has  
be5 dri$ & ! wor/ ( x boil$2 ! few p\nds
 ( dri$ apples h be5 spread 9 ! sun &   
re%runk5 to _! normal bulk4 ,! sug> has 
all melt$ & gone on its way d[n ! riv]4 
,b we h a l>ge sack ( c(fee4 ,! light5+ 
( ! boats has ?is advantage3 !y w ride !
 waves bett] & we %all h b little to    
c>ry :5 we make a portage4  ,we are ?ree
 qu>t]s ( a mile 9 ! dep?s ( ! e>?1 & ! 
great riv] %r9ks into insignificance z x
 da%es its angry waves aga9/ ! walls &  
cliffs t rise to ! _w above2 ! waves are
 b puny ripples1 & we b pigmies1 runn+  
up & d[n ! s&s or lo/ among ! b\ld]s4   

,we h an unkn[n di/ance yet to run1 an  
unkn[n riv] to explore4 ,:at falls !re  
are1 we "k n2 :at rocks beset ! *annel1 
we "k n2 :at walls rise ov] ! riv]1 we  
"k n4 ,ah1 well6 we may conjecture _m   
?+s4 ,! m5 talk z *e]fully z ev]2 je/s  
are b&i$ ab\t freely ?is morn+2 b to me 
! *e] is somb] & ! je/s are gha/ly4  ,) 
"s eag]ness & "s anxiety & "s misgiv+ we
 ent] ! canyon bel[ & are c>ri$ along by
 ! swift wat] ?r\gh walls :i* rise f its
 v edge4 ,!y h ! same /ructure t we     
notic$ ye/]day--ti]s ( irregul> %elves  
bel[1 &1 above ^!1  #bdh #h ,,canyons   
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  /eep slopes to !   
foot ( m>ble cliffs4 ,we run six miles 9
 a little m ?an half an h\r & em]ge into
 a m op5 portion ( ! canyon1 :]e high   
hills & l$ges ( rock int]v5e betwe5 !   
riv] & ! di/ant walls4 ,j at ! head (   
?is op5 place ! riv] runs across a dike2
 t is1 a fissure 9 ! rocks1 op5 to dep?s
 bel[1 0 fill$ ) eruptive matt]1 & ?is  
on cool+ 0 h>d] ?an ! rocks ?r\gh :i* ! 
crevice 0 made1 & :5 ^! 7 wa%$ away !   

h>d] volcanic matt] rema9$ z a wall1 & !
 riv] has cut a gateway ?r\gh x sev]al  
hundr$ feet high & z _m wide4 ,z x      
crosses ! wall1 !re is a fall bel[ & a  
bad rapid1 fill$ ) b\ld]s ( trap2 s we  
/op to make a portage4 ,!n on we g1     
glid+ by hills & l$ges1 ) di/ant walls 9
 view2 sweep+ pa/ %>p angles ( rock2    
/opp+ at a few po9ts to exam9e rapids1  
:i* we f9d c be run1 until we h made    
ano!r five miles1 :5 we l& = d9n]4  ,!n 
we let d[n ) l9es ov] a long rapid & />t
 aga94 ,once m ! walls close 91 & we f9d
 ourselves 9 a n>r[ gorge1 ! wat] aga9  
fill+ ! *annel & be+ v swift4 ,) great  
c>e & con/ant wat*fulness we proce$1    
mak+ ab\t f\r miles ?is aft]noon1 & camp
 9 a cave4  ,augu/ #ad---;,at daybreak  
we walk d[n ! bank ( ! riv]1 on a little
 s&y bea*1 to take a view ( a new       
feature 9 ! canyon4 ,h]et(ore h>d rocks 
h giv5 u bad riv]2 s(t rocks1 smoo?     
wat]2 & a s]ies ( rocks h>d] ?an any we 
h exp]i5c$ sets 94 ,! riv] ent]s !      
gneiss6 ,we c see b a little way into ! 

granite gorge1 b x looks ?reat5+4  ,aft]
 breakfa/ we ent] on ! waves4 ,at ! v   
introduction x inspires awe4 ,! canyon  
is n>r[] ?an we h ev] be=e se5 x2 ! wat]
 is swift]2 !re are b few brok5 rocks 9 
! *annel2 b ! walls are set1 on ei!r    
side1 ) p9nacles & crags2 & %>p1 angul> 
buttresses1 bri/l+ ) w9d- & wave-poli%$ 
spires1 ext5d f> out into ! riv]4       
,l$ges ( rock jut into ! /ream1 _! tops 
sometimes j bel[ ! surface1 sometimes   
ris+ a few or _m feet above2 & isl&     
l$ges & isl& p9nacles & isl& t[]s break 
! swift c\rse ( ! /ream into *utes &    
eddies & :irlpools4 ,we soon rea* a     
place  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr&    
,,canyon4  #bdi  :]e a creek comes 9 f !
 left1 &1 j bel[1 ! *annel is *ok$ )    
b\ld]s1 :i* h wa%$ d[n ?is lat]al canyon
 & =m$ a dam1 ov] :i* !re is a fall (   
#cj or #dj feet2 b on ! b\ld]s foo?old c
 be _h1 & we make a portage4 ,?ree m su*
 dams are f\nd4 ,ov] "o we make a       
portage2 at ! o!r two are *utes ?r\gh   
:i* we c run4  ,z we proce$ ! granite   

rises high]1 until ne>ly a ?\s& feet ( !
 l[] "p ( ! walls are compos$ ( ?is     
rock4 p[ell-canyons-#aei4;jpg  ,,walls  
,,( ,,gneiss4  ,ab\t elev5 o'clock we   
he> a great ro> ahead1 & approa* x v    
cauti\sly4 ,! s\nd gr[s l\d] & l\d] z we
 run1 & at la/ we f9d ourselves above a 
long1 brok5 fall1 ) l$ges & p9nacles (  
#bej  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4     
rock ob/ruct+ ! riv]4 ,!re is a desc5t (
 p]haps #ge or #hj feet 9 a ?ird ( a    
mile1 & ! ru%+ wat]s break into great   
waves p[ell-canyons-#afj4;jpg  ,,runn+  
,a ,,rapid4  on ! rocks1 & la% !mselves 
into a mad1 :ite foam4 ,we c l& j above1
 b !re is no foo?old on ei!r side by :i*
 we c make a portage4 ,x is ne>ly a ?\s&
 feet to ! top ( ! granite2  ,,to ,,!   
,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4 #bea  s x
 w be impossible to c>ry our boats      
ar\nd1 ?\gh we c climb to ! summit up a 
side gul* &1 pass+ along a mile or two1 
desc5d to ! riv]4 ,?is we f9d on        
exam9ation2 b su* a portage w\ld be     
impracticable = u1 & we mu/ run ! rapid 

or ab&on ! riv]4 ,!re is no hesitation4 
,we /ep into our boats1 pu% (f1 & away  
we g1 fir/ on smoo? b swift wat]1 !n we 
/rike a glassy wave & ride to its top1  
d[n aga9 into ! tr\gh1 up aga9 on a     
high] wave1 & d[n & up on waves high] & 
/ill high] until we /rike "o j z x curls
 back1 & a break] rolls ov] our little  
boat4 ,/ill on we spe$1 %oot+ pa/       
project+ rocks1 till ! little boat is   
caught 9 a :irlpool & spun r\nd sev]al  
times4 ,at la/ we pull out aga9 into !  
/ream4 ,& n[ ! o!r boats h pass$ u4 ,!  
op5 comp>tm5t ( ! ,emma ,dean is fill$ )
 wat] & e break] rolls ov] u4 ,hurl$    
back f a rock1 n[ on ?is side1 n[ on t1 
we are c>ri$ into an eddy1 9 :i* we     
/ruggle = a few m9utes1 & are !n out    
aga91 ! break]s /ill roll+ ov] u4 ,our  
boat is unmanageable1 b %e _c s9k1 & we 
drift d[n ano!r hundr$ y>ds ?r\gh       
break]s--h[1 we sc>cely "k4 ,we f9d !   
o!r boats h turn$ into an eddy at ! foot
 ( ! fall & are wait+ to cat* u z we    
come1 = ! m5 h se5 t our boat is swamp$4

 ,!y pu% out z we come ne> & pull u 9   
aga9/ ! wall4 ,our boat bail$1 on we g  
aga94  ,! walls n[ are m ?an a mile 9   
height--a v]tical di/ance difficult to  
appreciate4 ,/& on ! s\? /eps ( !       
,treasury build+ 9 ,wa%+ton & look d[n  
,p5nsylvania ,av5ue to ! ,capitol2      
measure ?is di/ance ov]head1 & imag9e   
cliffs to ext5d to t altitude1 & y w    
und]/& :at is meant2 or /& at ,canal    
,/reet 9 ,new ,york & look up ,broadway 
to ,grace ,*ur*1 & y h ab\t ! di/ance2  
or /& at ,lake ,/reet bridge 9 ,*icago &
 look d[n to ! ,c5tral ,depot1 & y h x  
aga94  ,a ?\s& feet ( ?is is up ?r\gh   
granite crags2 !n /eep slopes &         
p]p5dicul> cliffs rise "o above ano!r to
 ! summit4 ,! gorge is black & n>r[     
bel[1 r$ & gray & fl>+ above1 ) crags & 
angul> projections on ! walls1 :i*1 cut 
9 _m places by side canyons1 seem to be 
a va/ wild]ness ( rocks4 ,d[n 9 ^! gr&1 
gloomy dep?s we glide1 ev] li/5+1 = !   
mad wat]s keep  #beb                    
p[ell-canyons-#afa4;jpg  ,,head ,,( ,,! 

,,gr& ,,canyon4  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,!
 ,,gr& ,,canyon4 #bec  up _! ro>2 ev]   
wat*+1 ev] pe]+ ahead1 = ! n>r[ canyon  
is w9d+ & ! riv] is clos$ 9 s t we c see
 b a few hundr$ y>ds1 & :at !re may be  
bel[ we "k n2 s we li/5 = falls & wat* =
 rocks1 /opp+ n[ & !n 9 ! bay ( a recess
 to admire ! gigantic sc5]y2 & ev] z we 
g !re is "s new p9nacle or t[]1 "s crag 
or peak1 "s di/ant view ( ! upp]        
plateau1 "s /rangely %ap$ rock1 or "s   
deep1 n>r[ side canyon4  ,!n we come to 
ano!r brok5 fall1 :i* appe>s m difficult
 ?an ! "o we ran ?is morn+4 ,a small    
creek comes 9 on ! "r1 & ! fir/ fall ( !
 wat] is ov] b\ld]s1 :i* h be5 c>ri$ d[n
 by ?is lat]al /ream4 ,we l& at its m\? 
& /op = an h\r or two to exam9e ! fall4 
,x seems possible to let d[n ) l9es1 at 
lea/ a "p ( ! way1 f po9t to po9t1 along
 ! "r-h& wall4 ,s we make a portage ov] 
! fir/ rocks & f9d foot+ on "s b\ld]s   
bel[4 ,!n we let d[n "o ( ! boats to !  
end ( h] l9e1 :5 %e rea*es a corn] ( !  
project+ rock1 to :i* "o ( ! m5 cl+s &  

/eadies h] :ile ,i exam9e an eddy bel[4 
,i ?9k we c pass ! o!r boats d[n by u & 
cat* !m 9 ! eddy4 ,?is is soon done1 & !
 m5 9 ! boats 9 ! eddy pull u to _!     
side4 ,on ! %ore ( ?is little eddy !re  
is ab\t two feet ( gravel bea* above !  
wat]4 ,/&+ on ?is bea*1 "s ( ! m5 take !
 l9e ( ! little boat & let x drift d[n  
aga9/ ano!r project+ angle4 ,"h is a    
little %elf1 on :i* a man f my boat     
climbs1 & a %ort] l9e is pass$ to him1 &
 he fa/5s ! boat to ! side ( ! cliff2 !n
 ! second "o is let d[n1 br++ ! l9e ( ! 
?ird4 ,:5 ! second boat is ti$ up1 ! two
 m5 /&+ on ! bea* above spr+ into ! la/ 
boat1 :i* is pull$ up alongside ( ours2 
!n we let d[n ! boats = #be or #cj y>ds 
by walk+ along ! %elf1 l&+ !m aga9 9 !  
m\? ( a side canyon4 ,j bel[ ?is !re is 
ano!r pile ( b\ld]s1 ov] :i* we make    
ano!r portage4 ,f ! foot ( ^! rocks we c
 climb to ano!r %elf1 #dj or #ej feet   
above ! wat]4  ,on ?is b5* we camp = !  
night4 ,x is ra9+ h>d1 & we h no %elt]1 
b f9d a few /icks :i* h lodg$ 9 ! rocks1

 & k9dle a fire & h supp]4 ,we sit on ! 
rocks all night1 wrapp$ 9 our pon*os1   
gett+ :at sleep we c4  #bed             
p[ell-canyons-#afb4;jpg  ,,! ,,inn]     
,,gorge4  #bee  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! 
,,gr& ,,canyon4  ,augu/ #ae4--,?is morn+
 we f9d we c let d[n = #cjj or #djj     
y>ds1 & x is manag$ 9 ?is way3 we pass  
along ! wall by climb+ f project+ po9t  
to po9t1 sometimes ne> ! wat]'s edge1 at
 o!r places #ej or #fj feet above1 &    
hold ! boat ) a l9e :ile two m5 rema9   
abo>d & prev5t h] f be+ da%$ aga9/ !    
rocks & keep ! l9e f gett+ caught on !  
wall4 ,9 two h\rs we h br\ght !m all    
d[n1 z f> z x is possible1 9 ?is way4 ,a
 few y>ds bel[1 ! riv] /rikes ) great   
viol5ce aga9/ a project+ rock & our     
boats are pull$ up 9 a little bay above4
 ,we mu/ n[ manage to pull out ( ?is &  
cle> ! po9t bel[4 ,! little boat is held
 by ! b[ obliquely up ! /ream4 ,we jump 
9 & pull out only a few /rokes1 & sweep 
cle> ( ! dang]\s rock4 ,! o!r boats     
foll[ 9 ! same mann] & ! rapid is pass$4

  ,x is n easy to describe ! labor ( su*
 navigation4 ,we mu/ prev5t ! waves f   
da%+ ! boats aga9/ ! cliffs4 ,sometimes1
 :]e ! riv] is swift1 we mu/ put a bight
 ( rope ab\t a rock1 to prev5t ! boat f 
be+ snat*$ f u by a wave2 b :]e ! plunge
 is too great or ! *ute too swift1 we   
mu/ let h] leap & cat* h] bel[ or !     
und]t[ w drag h] "u ! fall+ wat] & s9k  
h]4 ,:]e we wi% to run h] out a little  
way f %ore ?r\gh a *annel betwe5 rocks1 
we fir/ ?r[ 9 little /icks ( driftwood &
 wat* _! c\rse1 to see :]e we mu/ /e] s 
t %e w pass ! *annel 9 safety4 ,& s we  
hold1 & let g1 & pull1 & lift1 &        
w>d--among rocks1 ar\nd rocks1 & ov]    
rocks4  ,& n[ we g on ?r\gh ?is solemn1 
my/]i\s way4 ,! riv] is v deep1 ! canyon
 v n>r[1 & /ill ob/ruct$1 s t !re is no 
/eady fl[ ( ! /ream2 b ! wat]s reel &   
roll & boil1 & we are sc>cely able to   
det]m9e :]e we c g4 ,n[ ! boat is c>ri$ 
to ! "r1 p]haps close to ! wall2 aga91  
%e is %ot into ! /ream1 & p]haps is     
dragg$ ov] to ! o!r side1 :]e1 caught 9 

a :irlpool1 %e sp9s ab\t4 ,we c nei!r l&
 nor run z we please4 ,! boats are      
entirely unmanageable2 no ord] 9 _!     
runn+ c be pres]v$2 n[ "o1 n[ ano!r1 is 
ahead1 ea* crew labor+ = its own        
pres]vation4 ,9 su* a place we come to  
ano!r rapid4 ,two ( ! boats run x p]=ce4
 ,"o succe$s 9 l&+1 b !re is no foo?old 
by :i* to make a portage & %e is pu%$   
out aga9 into  #bef ,,canyons ,,( ,,!   
,,colorado4  ! /ream4 ,! next m9ute a   
great reflex wave fills ! op5 comp>tm5t2
 %e is wat]-logg$1 & drifts             
unmanageable4 ,break] aft] break] rolls 
ov] h] & "o capsizes h]4 ,! m5 are ?r[n 
out2 b !y cl+ to ! boat1 & %e drifts d[n
 "s di/ance alongside ( u & we are able 
to cat* h]4 ,%e is soon bail$ out & ! m5
 are abo>d once m2 b ! o>s are lo/1 & s 
a pair f ! ,emma ,dean is sp>$4 ,!n =   
two miles we f9d smoo? wat]4  ,cl\ds are
 play+ 9 ! canyon to-day4 ,sometimes !y 
roll d[n 9 great masses1 fill+ ! gorge )
 gloom2 sometimes !y hang al(t f wall to
 wall & cov] ! canyon ) a ro( ( imp5d+  

/orm1 & we c pe] long di/ances up & d[n 
?is canyon corridor1 ) its cl\d-ro(     
ov]head1 its walls ( black granite1 &   
its riv] bright ) ! %e5 ( brok5 wat]s4  
,!n a gu/ ( w9d sweeps d[n a side gul*  
&1 mak+ a rift 9 ! cl\ds1 reveals ! blue
 heav5s1 & a /ream ( sunlight p\rs 94   
,!n ! cl\ds drift away into ! di/ance1 &
 hang ar\nd crags & peaks & p9nacles &  
t[]s & walls1 & cov] !m ) a mantle t    
lifts f "t to "t & sets !m all 9 %>p    
relief4 ,!n baby cl\ds creep out ( side 
canyons1 glide ar\nd po9ts1 & creep back
 aga9 into m di/ant gorges4 ,!n cl\ds   
arrange 9 /rata across ! canyon1 )      
int]v5+ vi/a views to cliffs & rocks    
beyond4 ,! cl\ds are *ildr5 ( ! heav5s1 
& :5 !y play among ! rocks !y lift !m to
 ! region above4  #bef  ,x ra9s6        
,rapidly little rills are =m$ above1 &  
^! soon gr[ into brooks1 & ! brooks gr[ 
into creeks & tumble ov] ! walls 9      
innum]able cascades1 add+ _! wild music 
to ! ro> ( ! riv]4 ,:5 ! ra9 ceases !   
rills1 brooks1 & creeks run dry4 ,!     

wat]s t fall dur+ a ra9 on ^! /eep rocks
 are ga!r$ at once into ! riv]2 !y c\ld 
sc>cely be p\r$ 9 m sudd5ly if "s va/   
sp\t ran f ! cl\ds to ! /ream itself4   
,:5 a /orm bur/s ov] ! canyon a side    
gul* is dang]\s1 = a sudd5 flood may    
come1 & ! inp\r+ wat]s w raise ! riv] s 
z to hide ! rocks4  ,e>ly 9 ! aft]noon  
we discov] a /ream ent]+ f ! nor?--a    
cle>1 beautiful creek1 com+ d[n ?r\gh a 
gorge\s r$ canyon4 ,we l& & camp on a s&
 bea* above its m\?1 "u a great1        
ov]spread+ tree ) will[-%ap$ leaves4    
#beg p[ell-canyons-#afc4;jpg  ,,signal  
,,( ,,discov]y ,,or ,,al>m4  #beh       
p[ell-canyons-#afd4;jpg  ,,signal1 ,,:o 
,,are ,,y8 ,,answ]1 ,,pani4  ,,to ,,!   
,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4 #bei     
,augu/ #af4--,we mu/ dry our rations    
aga9 to-day & make o>s4  ,! ,colorado is
 nev] a cle> /ream1 b = ! pa/ ?ree or   
f\r days x has be5 ra9+ mu* ( ! "t1 & ! 
floods p\r$ ov] ! walls h br\ght d[n    
great quantities ( mud1 mak+ x exce$+ly 
turbid n[4 ,! little afflu5t :i* we h   

discov]$ "h is a cle>1 beautiful creek1 
or riv]1 z x w\ld be t]m$ 9 ?is we/]n   
c\ntry1 :]e /reams are n abundant4 ,we h
 nam$ "o /ream1 away above1 9 honor ( ! 
great *ief ( ! ,bad ,angels1 & z ?is is 
9 beautiful contra/ to t1 we conclude to
 "n x ,bright ,angel4  ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ !
 :ole p>ty />ts up to explore ! ,bright 
,angel ,riv]1 ) ! special purpose (     
seek+ timb] f :i* to make o>s4 ,a c\ple 
( miles above we f9d a l>ge p9e log1 :i*
 has be5 float$ d[n f ! plateau1        
probably f an altitude ( m ?an #f1jjj   
feet1 b n _m miles back4 ,on its way x  
mu/ h pass$ ov] _m cat>acts & falls1 = x
 be>s sc>s 9 evid5ce ( ! r\gh usage :i* 
x has receiv$4 ,! m5 roll x on skids1 & 
! "w ( saw+ o>s is comm5c$4  ,?is /ream 
heads away back "u a l9e ( abrupt cliffs
 t t]m9ates ! plateau1 & tumbles d[n m  
?an #d1jjj feet 9 ! fir/ mile or two (  
its c\rse2 !n runs ?r\gh a deep1 n>r[   
canyon until x rea*es ! riv]4  ,late 9 !
 aft]noon ,i return & g up a little gul*
 j above ?is creek1 ab\t #bjj y>ds f    

camp1 & discov] ! ru9s ( two or ?ree old
 h\ses1 :i* 7 orig9ally ( /one laid 9   
mort>4 ,only ! f\ndations are left1 b   
irregul> blocks1 ( :i* ! h\ses 7        
con/ruct$1 lie scatt]$ ab\t4 ,9 "o room 
,i f9d an old meal+-/one1 deeply worn1 z
 if x _h be5 mu* us$4 ,a great deal (   
pott]y is /rewn ar\nd1 & old trails1 :i*
 9 "s places are deeply worn into !     
rocks1 are se54  ,x is ev] a s\rce (    
wond] to u :y ^! anci5t p s\ght su*     
inaccessible places = _! homes4 ,!y 71  
d\btless1 an agricultural race1 b !re   
are no l&s "h ( any consid]able ext5t t 
!y c\ld h cultivat$4 ,to ! we/ (        
,oraibi1 "o ( ! t[ns 9 ! ,prov9ce (     
,tusayan1 9 nor!rn ,arizona1 !          
inhabitants h actually built little     
t]races along ! face ( ! cliff :]e a    
#bfj ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  spr+
 gu%es out1 & ?us made _! sites = g>d5s4
 ,x is possible t ! anci5t inhabitants (
 ?is place made _! agricultural l&s 9 ! 
same way4 ,b :y %\ld !y seek su* spots'8
 ,surely ! c\ntry 0 n s cr[d$ ) p z to  

dem& ! utilization ( s b>r5 a region4 ,!
 only solution sugge/$ ( ! problem is   
?is3 ,we "k t = a c5tury or two aft] !  
settlem5t ( ,mexico _m exp$iti\s 7 s5t  
into ! c\ntry n[ compris+ ,arizona &    
,new ,mexico1 = ! purpose ( br++ !      
t[n-build+ p "u ! dom9ion ( ! ,spani%   
gov]nm5t4 ,_m ( _! villages 7 de/roy$1 &
 ! inhabitants fl$ to regions at t "t   
unkn[n2 & !re are traditions among ! p  
:o inhabit ! pueblos t /ill rema9 t !   
canyons 7 ^! unkn[n lauds4 ,x may be ^! 
build+s 7 erect$ at t "t2 sure x is t !y
 h a mu* m mod]n appe>ance ?an ! ru9s   
scatt]$ ov] ,nevada1 ,utah1 ,colorado1  
,arizona1 & ,new ,mexico4 ,^? old       
,spani% conqu]ors _h a mon/r\s gre$ =   
gold & a wond]ful lu/ = sav+ s\ls4      
,treasures !y mu/ h1 if n on e>?1 :y1   
!n1 9 heav52 & :5 !y fail$ to f9d hea!n 
temples b$eck$ ) silv]1 !y propitiat$   
,heav5 by seiz+ ! hea!n !mselves4 ,!re  
is yet extant a copy ( a record made by 
a hea!n arti/ to express 8 conception ( 
! dem&s ( ! conqu]ors4 ,9 "o "p ( !     

picture we h a lake1 & ne> by /&s a     
prie/ p\r+ wat] on ! head ( a native4   
,on ! o!r side1 a poor ,indian has a    
cord ab\t 8 ?roat4 ,l9es run f ^! two   
gr\ps to a c5tral figure1 a man ) be>d &
 full ,spani% panoply4 ,! int]pretation 
( ! picture-writ+ is ?is3 ,be baptiz$ z 
?is sav$ hea!n1 or be hang$ z t damn$   
hea!n4 ,d\btless1 "s ( ^! p pref]r$     
ano!r alt]native1 & r ?an be baptiz$ or 
hang$ !y *ose to imprison !mselves )9 ^!
 canyon walls4  ,augu/ #ag4--,our       
rations are /ill spoil+2 ! bacon is s   
badly injur$ t we are compell$ to ?r[ x 
away4 ,by an accid5t1 ?is morn+1 !      
sal]atus 0 lo/ ov]bo>d4 ,we h n[ only   
mu/y fl\r suffici5t = t5 days & a few   
dri$ apples1 b pl5ty ( c(fee4 ,we mu/   
make all ha/e possible4 ,if we meet )   
difficulties su* z we h enc\nt]$ 9 !    
canyon above1 we may be compell$ to give
 up ! exp$ition & try to rea* ! ,mormon 
settlem5ts to ! nor?4  #bfa             
p[ell-canyons-#afe4;jpg  ,,signal ,,(   
,,successful ,,w> ,,p>ty4  #bfb         

p[ell-canyons-#aff4;jpg  ,a ,,signal ,,(
 ,,peace4  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr&
 ,,canyon4 #bfc  ,our hopes are t ! wor/
 places are pass$1 b our b>omet]s are   
all s mu* injur$ z to be useless1 & s we
 h lo/ our reckon+ 9 altitude1 & "k n h[
 mu* desc5t ! riv] has yet to make4 ,!  
/ream is /ill wild & rapid & rolls ?r\gh
 a n>r[ *annel4 ,we make b sl[ progress1
 (t5 l&+ aga9/ a wall & climb+ ar\nd "s 
po9t to see ! riv] bel[4 ,al?\gh v      
anxi\s to advance1 we are det]m9$ to run
 ) great caution1 le/ by ano!r accid5t  
we lose our rema9+ supplies4 ,h[ preci\s
 t little fl\r has become6 ,we divide x 
among ! boats & c>efully /ore x away1 s 
t x c be lo/ only by ! loss ( ! boat    
itself4  ,we make t5 miles & a half1 &  
camp among ! rocks on ! "r4 ,we h _h ra9
 f "t to "t all day1 & h be5 ?or\ghly   
dr5*$ & *ill$2 b betwe5 %[]s ! sun %9es 
) great p[] & ! m]cury 9 our !rmomet]s  
/&s at #aae degrees1 s t we h rapid     
*anges f great extremes1 :i* are v      
disagreeable4 ,x is especially cold 9 ! 

ra9 to-night4 ,! little canvas we h is  
rott5 & useless2 ! rubb] pon*os ) :i* we
 />t$ f ,gre5 ,riv] ,city h all be5 lo/2
 m ?an half ! p>ty are )\t hats1 n "o ( 
u has an entire suit ( clo!s1 & we h n a
 blanket apiece4 ,s we ga!r driftwood & 
build a fire2 b aft] supp] ! ra91 com+  
d[n 9 torr5ts1 ext+ui%es x1 & we sit up 
all night on ! rocks1 %iv]+1 & are m    
exhau/$ by ! night's discom=t ?an by !  
day's toil4  ,augu/ #ah4--,! day is     
employ$ 9 mak+ portages & we advance b  
two miles on our j\rney4 ,/ill x ra9s4  
,:ile ! m5 are at "w mak+ portages ,i   
climb up ! granite to its summit & g    
away back ov] ! ru/-color$ s&/ones &    
gre5i%-yell[ %ales to ! foot ( ! m>ble  
wall4 ,i climb s high t ! m5 & boats are
 lo/ 9 ! black dep?s bel[ & ! da%+ riv] 
is a rippl+ brook1 & /ill !re is m      
canyon above ?an bel[4 ,all ab\t me are 
int]e/+ geologic records4 ,! book is op5
 & ,i c read z ,i run4 ,all ab\t me are 
gr& views1 too1 = ! cl\ds are play+ aga9
 9 ! gorges4 ,b someh[ ,i ?9k ( ! n9e   

days' rations & ! bad riv]1 & ! lesson (
 ! rocks & ! glory ( ! sc5e are b half  
conceiv$4 ,i pu% on to an angle1 :]e ,i 
hope to get a view ( ! c\ntry  #bfd     
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  beyond1  
to see if possible :at ! prospect may be
 ( our soon runn+ ?r\gh ?is plateau1 or 
at lea/ ( meet+ ) "s geologic *ange t w 
let u out ( ! granite2 b1 arriv+ at !   
po9t1 ,i c see bel[ only a labyr9? (    
black gorges4  ,augu/ #ai4--,ra9 aga9   
?is morn+4 ,we are 9 our granite prison 
/ill1 & ! "t until noon is occupi$ 9    
mak+ a long2 bad portage4  ,aft] d9n]1 9
 runn+ a rapid ! pione] boat is upset by
 a wave4 ,we are "s di/ance 9 advance ( 
! l>g] boats4 ,! riv] is r\gh & swift & 
we are unable to l&1 b cl+ to ! boat &  
are c>ri$ d[n /ream ov] ano!r rapid4 ,! 
m5 9 ! boats above see our tr\ble1 b !y 
are caught 9 :irlpools & are sp9n+ ab\t 
9 eddies1 & x seems a long "t be=e !y   
come to our relief4 ,at la/ !y d come2  
our boat is turn$ "r side up & bail$    
out2 ! o>s1 :i* =tunately h float$ along

 9 company ) u1 are ga!r$ up1 & on we g1
 )\t ev5 l&+4 ,! cl\ds break away & we h
 sun%9e aga94  ,soon we f9d a little    
bea* ) j room en\gh to l&4 ,"h we camp1 
b !re is no wood4 ,across ! riv] & a    
little way above1 we see "s driftwood   
lodg$ 9 ! rocks4 ,s we br+ two boat     
loads ov]1 build a huge fire1 & spread  
ev]y?+ to dry4 ,x is ! fir/ *e]ful night
 we h _h = a week--a w>m1 dry+ fire 9 ! 
mid/ ( ! camp1 & a few bright />s 9 our 
pat* ( heav5s ov]head4  ,augu/ #bj4--,! 
*>act]i/ics ( ! canyon *ange ?is morn+4 
,! riv] is broad]1 ! walls m slop+1 &   
compos$ ( black slates t /& on edge4 ,^!
 ne>ly v]tical slates are wa%$ out 9    
places--t is1 ! s(t] b$s are wa%$ out   
betwe5 ! h>d]1 :i* are left /&+4 ,9 ?is 
way curi\s little alcoves are =m$1 9 :i*
 are quiet bays ( wat]1 b on a mu*      
small] scale ?an ! great bays &         
buttresses ( ,m>ble ,canyon4  ,! riv] is
 /ill rapid & we /op to let d[n ) l9es  
sev]al times1 b make great] progress1 z 
we run t5 miles4 ,we camp on ! "r bank4 

,"h1 on a t]race ( trap1 we discov]     
ano!r gr\p ( ru9s4 ,!re 0 evid5tly q a  
village on ?is rock4 ,aga9 we f9d       
meal+-/ones & mu* brok5 pott]y1 & up on 
a little natural %elf 9 ! rock back ( ! 
ru9s we f9d a globul> basket t w\ld hold
  #bfe p[ell-canyons-#afg4;jpg  ,,moki  
,,me?od ,,( ,,dress+ ,,! ,,hair4  #bff  
p[ell-canyons-#afh4;jpg  ,,moki ,,me?od 
,,( ,,sp9n+4  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,!   
,,gr& ,,canyon4 #bfg  p]haps a ?ird ( a 
bu%el4 ,x is badly brok51 & z ,i attempt
 to take x up x falls to pieces4 ,!re   
are _m beautiful fl9t *ips1 also1 z if  
?is _h be5 ! home ( an old arr[-mak]4   
,augu/ #ba4--,we />t e>ly ?is morn+1    
*e]$ by ! prospect ( a f9e day &        
enc\rag$ also by ! good run made        
ye/]day4 ,a qu>t] ( a mile bel[ camp !  
riv] turns abruptly to ! left1 & betwe5 
camp & t po9t is v swift1 runn+ d[n 9 a 
long1 brok5 *ute & pil+ up aga9/ ! foot 
( ! cliff1 :]e x turns to ! left4 ,we   
try to pull across1 s z to g d[n on !   
o!r side1 b ! wat]s are swift & x seems 

impossible = u to escape ! rock bel[2 b1
 9 pull+ across1 ! b[ ( ! boat is turn$ 
to ! f>!r %ore1 s t we are swept        
broadside d[n & are prev5t$ by ! reb\nd+
 wat]s f /rik+ aga9/ ! wall4 ,we toss   
ab\t = a few seconds 9 ^! bill[s & are  
!n c>ri$ pa/ ! dang]4 ,bel[1 ! riv]     
turns aga9 to ! "r1 ! canyon is v n>r[1 
& we see 9 advance b a %ort di/ance4 ,! 
wat]1 too1 is v swift1 & !re is no      
l&+-place4 ,f ar\nd ?is curve !re comes 
a mad ro>1 & d[n we are c>ri$ ) a dizzy+
 velocity to ! head ( ano!r rapid4 ,on  
ei!r side high ov] our heads !re are    
ov]hang+ granite walls1 & ! %>p b5ds cut
 (f our view1 s t a few m9utes w c>ry u 
into unkn[n wat]s4 ,away we g on "o     
long1 w9d+ *ute4 ,i /& on deck1 support+
 myself ) a /rap fa/5$ on ei!r side ( ! 
gunwale4 ,! boat glides rapidly :]e !   
wat] is smoo?1 !n1 /rik+ a wave1 %e     
leaps & b\nds l a ?+ ( life1 & we h a   
wild1 exhil>at+ ride = t5 miles1 :i* we 
make 9 less ?an an h\r4 ,! excitem5t is 
s great t we =get ! dang] until we he> !

 ro> ( a great fall bel[2 !n we back on 
our o>s & are c>ri$ sl[ly t[>d its head 
& succe$ 9 l&+ j above & f9d t we h to  
make ano!r portage4 ,at ?is we are      
engag$ until "s "t aft] d9n]4  ,j "h we 
run out ( ! granite4 ,t5 miles 9 less   
?an half a day1 & lime/one walls bel[4  
,good *e] returns2 we =get ! /orms & !  
gloom & ! cl\d-cov]$ canyons & ! black  
granite & ! rag+ riv]1 & pu% our boats f
 %ore 9 great glee4  ,?\gh we are out ( 
! granite1 ! riv] is /ill swift1 & we   
:eel ab\t a po9t aga9 to ! "r1 & turn1 s
 z to head back 9 !  #bfh ,,canyons ,,( 
,,! ,,colorado1  direction f :i* we     
came2 ?is br+s ! granite 9 sight aga91 )
 its n>r[ gorge & black crags2 b we meet
 ) no m great falls or rapids4 ,/ill1 we
 run cauti\sly & /op f "t to "t to      
exam9e "s places :i* look bad4 ,yet we  
make t5 miles ?is aft]noon2 tw5ty miles 
9 all to-day4  ,augu/ #bb4--,we come to 
rapids aga9 ?is morn+ & are occupi$     
sev]al h\rs 9 pass+ !m1 lett+ ! boats   
d[n f rock to rock ) l9es = ne>ly half a

 mile1 & !n h to make a long portage4   
,:ile ! m5 are engag$ 9 ?is ,i climb !  
wall on ! nor!a/ to a height ( ab\t     
#b1ejj feet1 :]e ,i c obta9 a good view 
( a long /ret* ( canyon bel[4 ,its c\rse
 is to ! s\?we/4 ,! walls seem to rise v
 abruptly = #b1ejj or #c1jjj feet1 & !n 
!re is a g5tly slop+ t]race on ea* side 
= two or ?ree miles1 :5 we aga9 f9d     
cliffs1 #a1ejj or #b1jjj feet high4 ,f !
 br9k ( ^! ! plateau /ret*es back to !  
nor? & s\? = a long di/ance4 ,away d[n !
 canyon on ! "r wall ,i c see a gr\p (  
m\nta9s1 "s ( :i* appe> to /& on ! br9k 
( ! canyon4 ,! effect ( ! t]race is to  
give ! appe>ance ( a n>r[ w9d+ valley ) 
high walls on ei!r side & a deep1 d>k1  
me&]+ gorge d[n its middle4 ,x is       
impossible f ?is po9t ( view to det]m9e 
:e!r or n we h granite at ! bottom2 b f 
geologic consid]ations1 ,i conclude t we
 %all h m>ble walls bel[4  ,aft] my     
return to ! boats we run ano!r mile &   
camp = ! night4 ,we h made b little ov] 
sev5 miles to-day1 & a "p ( our fl\r has

 be5 soak$ 9 ! riv] aga94  ,augu/       
#bc4--,our way to-day is aga9 ?r\gh     
m>ble walls4 ,n[ & !n we pass = a %ort  
di/ance ?r\gh pat*es ( granite1 l hills 
?ru/ up into ! lime/one4 ,at "o ( ^!    
places we h to make ano!r portage1 &1   
tak+ advantage ( ! delay1 ,i g up a     
little /ream to ! nor?1 wad+ x all !    
way1 sometimes hav+ to plunge 9 to my   
neck1 9 o!r places be+ compell$ to swim 
across little bas9s t h be5 excavat$ at 
! foot ( ! falls4 ,along its c\rse are  
_m cascades & spr+s1 gu%+ out f ! rocks 
on ei!r side4 ,sometimes a cottonwood   
tree gr[s ov] ! wat]4 ,i come to "o     
beautiful fall1 ( m ?an #aej feet1 &    
climb ar\nd x to ! "r on ! brok5 rocks4 
,/ill go+ up1 ! canyon is f\nd to n>r[ v
  #bfi p[ell-canyons-#afi4;jpg  ,,an    
,,alcove ,,9 ,,! ,,r$ ,,wall4  #bgj     
p[ell-canyons-#agj4;jpg  ,,kanab        
,,canyon1 ,,ne> ,,! ,,junction4  ,,to   
,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4 #bga 
mu*1 be+ b #ae or #bj feet wide2 yet !  
walls rise on ei!r side _m hundr$s (    

feet1 p]haps ?\s&s2 ,i c h>dly tell4  ,9
 "s places ! /ream has n excavat$ its   
*annel d[n v]tically ?r\gh ! rocks1 b   
has cut obliquely1 s t "o wall ov]hangs 
! o!r4 ,9 o!r places x is cut v]tically 
above & obliquely bel[1 or obliquely    
above & v]tically bel[1 s t x is        
impossible to see out ov]head4 ,b ,i c g
 no f>!r2 ! "t :i* ,i e/imat$ x w\ld    
take to make ! portage has almo/ expir$1
 & ,i />t back on a r\nd trot1 wad+ 9 ! 
creek :]e ,i mu/ & plung+ ?r\gh bas9s4  
,! m5 are wait+ = me1 & away we g on !  
riv]4  ,j aft] d9n] we pass a /ream on !
 "r1 :i* leaps into' ! ,colorado by a   
direct fall ( m ?an #ajj feet1 =m+ a    
beautiful cascade4 ,!re is a b$ ( v h>d 
rock above1 #cj or #dj feet 9 ?ickness1 
& !re are mu* s(t] b$s bel[4 ,! h>d b$s 
above project _m y>ds beyond ! s(t]1 :i*
 are wa%$ out1 =m+ a deep cave beh9d !  
fall1 & ! /ream p\rs ?r\gh a n>r[       
crevice above into a deep pool bel[4    
,ar\nd on ! rocks 9 ! cavelike *amb] are
 set beautiful f]ns1 ) delicate fronds &

 enamel$ /alks4 ,! frondlets h _! po9ts 
turn$ d[n to =m spore cases4 ,x has v   
mu* ! appe>ance ( ! maid5hair f]n1 b is 
mu* l>g]4 ,?is delicate foliage cov]s ! 
rocks all ab\t ! f\nta91 & gives ! *amb]
 great beauty4 ,b we h little "t to sp5d
 9 admiration2 s on we g4  ,we make f9e 
progress ?is aft]noon1 c>ri$ along by a 
swift riv]1 %oot+ ov] ! rapids & f9d+ no
 s]i\s ob/ructions4 ,! canyon walls =   
#b1ejj or #c1jjj feet are v regul>1 ris+
 almo/ p]p5dicul>ly1 b "h & !re set )   
n>r[ /eps1 & occasionally we c see away 
above ! broad t]race to di/ant cliffs4  
,we camp to-night 9 a m>ble cave1 & f9d 
on look+ at our reckon+ t we h run #bb  
miles4  ,augu/ #bd4--,! canyon is wid]  
to-day4 ,! walls rise to a v]tical      
height ( ne>ly #c1jjj feet4 ,9 _m places
 ! riv] runs "u a cliff 9 great curves1 
=m+ amphi!at]s half-dome %ap$4  ,?\gh ! 
riv] is rapid1 we meet ) no s]i\s       
ob/ructions & run #bj miles4 ,h[ anxi\s 
we are to make up our reckon+ e "t we   
/op1 n[ t our diet is conf9$ to pl5ty ( 

c(fee1 a v  #bgb ,,canyons ,,( ,,!      
,,colorado4  little spoil$ fl\r1 & v few
 dri$ apples6 ,x has come to be a race =
 a d9n]4 ,/ill1 we make su* f9e progress
 t all h&s are 9 good *e]1 b n a mom5t (
 daylight is lo/4  ,augu/ #be4--,we make
 #ab miles ?is morn+1 :5 we come to     
monum5ts ( lava /&+ 9 ! riv]1--l[ rocks 
mo/ly1 b "s ( !m %afts m ?an a hundr$   
feet high4 ,go+ on d[n ?ree or f\r      
miles1 we f9d !m increas+ 9 numb]4      
,great quantities ( cool$ lava & _m c9d]
 cones are se5 on ei!r side2 & !n we    
come to an abrupt cat>act4 ,j ov] ! fall
 on ! "r wall a c9d] cone1 or ext9ct    
volcano1 ) a well-def9$ crat]1 /&s on ! 
v br9k ( ! canyon4 ,?is1 d\btless1 is ! 
"o we saw two or ?ree days ago4 ,f ?is  
volcano va/ floods ( lava h be5 p\r$ d[n
 into ! riv]1 & a /ream ( molt5 rock has
 run up ! canyon ?ree or f\r miles & d[n
 we "k n h[ f>4 ,j :]e x p\r$ ov] !     
canyon wall is ! fall4 ,! :ole nor? side
 z f> z we c see is l9$ ) ! black       
basalt1 & high up on ! opposite wall are

 pat*es ( ! same mat]ial1 re/+ on !     
b5*es & fill+ old alcoves & caves1 giv+ 
! wall a spott$ appe>ance4  ,! rocks are
 brok5 9 two along a l9e :i* "h crosses 
! riv]1 & ! b$s we h se5 :ile com+ d[n !
 canyon = ! la/ #cj miles h dropp$ #hjj 
feet on ! l[] side ( ! l9e1 =m+ :at     
geologi/s call a fault4 ,! volcanic cone
 /&s directly ov] ! fissure ?us =m$4 ,on
 ! left side ( ! riv]1 opposite1 mammo? 
spr+s bur/ out ( ?is crevice1 #ajj or   
#bjj feet above ! riv]1 p\r+ 9 a /ream q
 equal 9 volume to ! ,colorado ,*iquito4
  ,?is /ream seems to be load$ )        
c>bonate ( lime1 & ! wat]1 evaporat+1   
leaves an incru/ation on ! rocks2 & ?is 
process has be5 cont9u$ = a long "t1 =  
ext5sive deposits are notic$ 9 :i* are  
bas9s ) bubbl+ spr+s4 ,! wat] is salty4 
,we h to make a portage "h1 :i* is      
complet$ 9 ab\t ?ree h\rs2 !n on we g4  
,we h no difficulty z we float along1 & 
,i am able to obs]ve ! wond]ful ph5om5a 
connect$ ) ?is flood ( lava4 ,! canyon 0
 d\btless fill$ to a height ( #a1bjj or 

#a1ejj feet1 p]haps by m ?an "o flood4  
,?is w\ld dam ! wat] back2 & 9 cutt+    
?r\gh ?is great lava b$1 a new *annel   
has be5 =m$1 sometimes on "o  #bgc      
p[ell-canyons-#aga4;jpg  ,,kanab        
,,canyon1 ,,9 ,,! ,,r$ ,,wall           
,,lime/one4  #bgd ,,canyons ,,( ,,!     
,,colorado4  side1 sometimes on ! o!r4  
,! cool$ lava1 be+ ( firm] texture ?an !
 rocks ( :i* ! walls are compos$1 rema9s
 9 "s places2 9 o!rs a n>r[ *annel has  
be5 cut1 leav+ a l9e ( basalt on ei!r   
side4 ,x is possible t ! lava cool$ fa/]
 on ! sides aga9/ ! walls & t ! c5t] ran
 out2 b ( ?is we c only conjecture4 ,!re
 are o!r places :]e almo/ ! :ole ( !    
lava is gone1 only pat*es ( x be+ se51  
:]e x has caught on ! walls4 ,z we float
 d[n we c see t x ran out into side     
canyons4 ,9 "s places ?is basalt has a  
f9e1 column> /ructure1 (t5 9 conc5tric  
prisms1 & masses ( ^! conc5tric columns 
h coalesc$4 ,9 "s places1 :5 ! fl[      
occurr$ ! canyon 0 probably ab\t ! same 
dep? t x is n[1 = we c see :]e ! basalt 

has roll$ out on ! s&s1 &--:at seems    
curi\s to me--! s&s are n melt$ or      
metamorphos$ to any appreciable ext5t4  
,9 places ! b$ ( ! riv] is ( s&/one or  
lime/one1 9 o!r places ( lava1 %[+ t x  
has all be5 cut out aga9 :]e ! s&/ones &
 lime/ones appe>2 b !re is a little yet 
left :]e ! b$ is ( lava4  ,:at a        
conflict ( wat] & fire !re mu/ h be5 "h6
 ,j imag9e a riv] ( molt5 rock runn+ d[n
 into a riv] ( melt$ sn[4 ,:at a see?+ &
 boil+ ( ! wat]s2 :at cl\ds ( /eam roll$
 into ! heav5s6  ,?irty-five miles      
to-day4 ,hurrah6  ,augu/ #bf4--,! canyon
 walls are /eadily becom+ high] z we    
advance4 ,!y are /ill bold & ne>ly      
v]tical up to ! t]race4 ,we /ill see    
evid5ce ( ! eruption discov]$ ye/]day1 b
 ! ?ickness ( ! basalt is decreas+ z we 
g d[n /ream2 yet x has be5 re9=c$ at    
po9ts by /reams t h come d[n f volcanoes
 /&+ on ! t]race above1 b :i* we _c see 
f ! riv] bel[4  ,s9ce we left !         
,colorado ,*iquito we h se5 no evid5ces 
t ! tribe ( ,indians inhabit+ ! plateaus

 on ei!r side ev] come d[n to ! riv]2 b 
ab\t elev5 o'clock to-day we discov] an 
,indian g>d5 at ! foot ( ! wall on ! "r1
 j :]e a little /ream ) a n>r[ flood    
pla9 comes d[n ?r\gh a side canyon4     
,along ! valley ! ,indians h plant$     
corn1 us+ = irrigation ! wat] :i* bur/s 
out 9 spr+s at ! foot ( ! cliff4 ,! corn
 is look+ q  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,!    
,,gr& ,,canyon4  #bge  well1 b x is n   
suffici5tly advanc$ to give u roa/+ e>s2
 b !re are "s nice gre5 squa%es4 ,we    
c>ry t5 or a doz5 ( ^! on bo>d our boats
 & hurri$ly leave1 n will+ to be caught 
9 ! robb]y1 yet excus+ ourselves by     
plead+ our great want4 ,we run d[n a    
%ort di/ance to :]e we feel c]ta9 no    
,indian c foll[1 & :at a kettle ( squa% 
sauce we make6 ,true1 we h no salt ) :i*
 to season x1 b x makes a f9e addition  
to our unleav5$ bread & c(fee4 ,nev] 0  
fruit s sweet z ^! /ol5 squa%es4  ,aft] 
d9n] we pu% on aga9 & make f9e "t1 f9d+ 
_m rapids1 b none s bad t we _c run !m )
 safety2 & :5 we /op1 j at dusk1 & foot 

up our reckon+1 we f9d we h run #ce     
miles aga94 ,a few days l ?is1 & we are 
out ( prison4  ,we h a royal            
supp]--unleav5$ bread1 gre5 squa% sauce1
 & /rong c(fee4 ,we h be5 = a few days  
on half rations1 b n[ h no /9t ( roa/   
squa%4 p[ell-canyons-#agb4;jpg  ,,!     
,,br9k ,,( ,,! ,,inn] ,,gorge4  #bgf    
p[ell-canyons-#agc4;jpg  ,,! ,,gr&      
,,canyon ,,( ,,! ,,colorado1 ,,%[+      
,,amphi!at] ,,& ,,sculptur$ ,,buttes4   
,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4 
#bgg  ,augu/ #bg4--,?is morn+ ! riv]    
takes a m s\!rly direction4 ,! dip ( !  
rocks is to ! nor? & we are runn+       
rapidly into l[] =mations4 ,unless our  
c\rse *anges we %all v soon run aga9    
into ! granite4 ,?is gives "s anxiety4  
,n[ & !n ! riv] turns to ! we/ & excites
 hopes t are soon de/roy$ by ano!r turn 
to ! s\?4 ,ab\t n9e o'clock we come to !
 dread$ rock4 ,x is ) no little misgiv+ 
t we see ! riv] ent] ^! black1 h>d      
walls4 ,at its v entrance we h to make a
 portage2 !n let d[n ) l9es pa/ "s ugly 

rocks4 ,we run a mile or two f>!r1 & !n 
! rapids bel[ c be se54  ,ab\t elev5    
o'clock we come to a place 9 ! riv] :i* 
seems mu* worse ?an any we h yet met 9  
all its c\rse4 ,a little creek comes d[n
 f ! left4 ,we l& fir/ on ! "r & clamb] 
up ov] ! granite p9nacles = a mile or   
two1 b c see no way by :i* to let d[n1 &
 to run x w\ld be sure de/ruction4 ,aft]
 d9n] we cross to exam9e on ! left4     
,high above ! riv] we c walk along on ! 
top ( ! granite1 :i* is brok5 (f at !   
edge & set ) crags & p9nacles1 s t x is 
v difficult to get a view ( ! riv] at   
all4 ,9 my eag]ness to rea* a po9t :]e  
,i c see ! ro>+ fall bel[1 ,i g too f>  
on ! wall1 & c nei!r advance nor        
retreat4 ,i /& ) "o foot on a little    
project+ rock & cl+ ) my h& fix$ 9 a    
little crevice4 ,f9d+ ,i am caught "h1  
susp5d$ #djj feet above ! riv]1 into :i*
 ,i mu/ fall if my foot+ fails1 ,i call 
= help4 ,! m5 come & pass me a l9e1 b ,i
 _c let g ( ! rock long en\gh to take   
hold ( x4 ,!n !y br+ two or ?ree ( !    

l>ge/ o>s4 ,all ?is takes "t :i* seems v
 preci\s to me2 b at la/ !y arrive4 ,!  
blade ( "o ( ! o>s is pu%$ into a little
 crevice 9 ! rock beyond me 9 su* a     
mann] t !y c hold me press$ aga9/ !     
wall4 ,!n ano!r is fix$ 9 su* a way t ,i
 c /ep on x2 & ?us ,i am extricat$4     
,/ill ano!r h\r is sp5t 9 exam9+ ! riv] 
f ?is side1 b no good view ( x is       
obta9$2 s n[ we return to ! side t 0    
fir/ exam9$1 & ! aft]noon is sp5t 9     
clamb]+ among ! crags & p9nacles &      
c>efully scann+ ! riv] aga94 ,we f9d t !
 lat]al /reams h wa%$ b\ld]s into !     
riv]1 s z to =m a dam1 ov] :i* ! wat]   
makes a brok5 fall ( #ah or #bj feet2 !n
 !re is  #bgh ,,canyons ,,( ,,!         
,,colorado4  a rapid1 beset ) rocks1 =  
#bjj or #cjj y>ds1 :ile on ! o!r side1  
po9ts ( ! wall project into ! riv]4     
,bel[1 !re is a second fall2 h[ great1  
we _c tell4 ,!n !re is a rapid1 fill$ ) 
huge rocks1 = #ajj or #bjj y>ds4 ,at !  
bottom ( x1 f ! "r wall1 a great rock   
projects q halfway across ! riv]4 ,x has

 a slop+ surface ext5d+ up /ream1 & !   
wat]1 com+ d[n ) all ! mom5tum ga9$ 9 ! 
falls & rapids above1 rolls up ?is      
incl9$ plane _m feet1 & tumbles ov] to !
 left4 ,i decide t x is possible to let 
d[n ov] ! fir/ fall1 !n run ne> ! "r    
cliff to a po9t j above ! second1 :]e we
 c pull out into a little *ute1 &1 hav+ 
run ov] t 9 safety1 if we pull ) all our
 p[] across ! /ream1 we may avoid !     
great rock bel[4 ,on my return to ! boat
 ,i ann\nce to ! m5 t we are to run x 9 
! morn+4 ,!n we cross ! riv] & g into   
camp = ! night on "s rocks 9 ! m\? ( !  
little side canyon4  ,aft] supp] ,capta9
 ,h[l& asks to h a talk ) me4 ,we walk  
up ! little creek a %ort di/ance1 & ,i  
soon f9d t 8 object is to remon/rate    
aga9/ my det]m9ation to proce$4 ,he ?9ks
 t we _h bett] ab&on ! riv] "h4 ,talk+ )
 him1 ,i le>n t he1 8 bro!r1 & ,william 
,dunn h det]m9$ to g no f>!r 9 ! boats4 
,s we return to camp4 ,no?+ is said to !
 o!r m54  ,= ! la/ two days our c\rse   
has n be5 plott$4 ,i sit d[n & d ?is n[1

 = ! purpose ( f9d+ :]e we are by dead  
reckon+4 ,x is a cle> night1 & ,i take  
out ! sextant to make obs]vation =      
latitude1 & ,i f9d t ! a/ronomic        
det]m9ation agrees v ne>ly ) t ( !      
plot--q z closely z might be expect$ f a
 m]idian obs]vation on a planet4 ,9 a   
direct l9e1 we mu/ be ab\t #de miles f !
 m\? ( ! ,rio ,virg54 ,if we c rea* t   
po9t1 we "k t !re are settlem5ts up t   
riv] ab\t #bj miles4 ,?is #de miles 9 a 
direct l9e w probably be #hj or #ij by !
 me&]+ l9e ( ! riv]4 ,b !n we "k t !re  
is comp>atively op5 c\ntry = _m miles   
above ! m\? ( ! ,virg51 :i* is our po9t 
( de/9ation4  ,z soon z ,i det]m9e all  
?is1 ,i spread my plot on ! s& & wake   
,h[l&1 :o is sleep+ d[n by ! riv]1 & %[ 
him :]e ,i suppose we are1 & :]e sev]al 
,mormon settlem5ts are situat$4  ,,to   
,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4  #bgi
  ,we h ano!r %ort talk ab\t ! morr[1 & 
he lies d[n aga92 b = me !re is no      
sleep4 ,all night long ,i pace up & d[n 
a little pa?1 on a few y>ds ( s& bea*1  

along by ! riv]4 ,is x wise to g on8 ,i 
g to ! boats aga9 to look at our        
rations4 ,i feel satisfi$ t we c get ov]
 ! dang] imm$iately be=e u2 :at !re may 
be bel[ ,i "k n4 ,f our outlook ye/]day 
on ! cliffs1 ! canyon seem$ to make     
ano!r great b5d to ! s\?1 & ?is1 f our  
exp]i5ce h]et(ore1 means m & high]      
granite walls4 ,i am n sure t we c climb
 out ( ! canyon "h1 &1 if at ! top ( !  
wall1 ,i "k en\gh ( ! c\ntry to be c]ta9
 t x is a des]t ( rock & s& betwe5 ?is &
 ! ne>e/ ,mormon t[n1 :i*1 on ! mo/     
direct l9e1 mu/ be #ge miles away4      
,true1 ! late ra9s h be5 favorable to u1
 %\ld we g out1 = ! probabilities are t 
we %all f9d wat] /ill /&+ 9 holes2 & at 
"o "t ,i almo/ conclude to leave ! riv]4
 ,b = ye>s ,i h p[ell-canyons-#agd4;jpg 
,,climb+ ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon ,,wall4     
#bhj ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  be5 
contemplat+ ?is trip4 ,to leave !       
exploration unf9i%$1 to say t !re is a  
"p ( ! canyon :i* ,i _c explore1 hav+   
already ne>ly accompli%$ x1 is m ?an ,i 

am will+ to ackn[l$ge1 & ,i det]m9e to g
 on4  ,i wake my bro!r & tell him (     
,h[l&'s det]m9ation1 & he promises to   
/ay ) me2 !n ,i call up ,hawk9s1 ! cook1
 & he makes a l promise2 !n ,sumn] &    
,bradley & ,hall1 & !y all agree to g   
on4  ,augu/ #bh4--;,at la/ daylight     
comes & we h breakfa/ )\t a ^w be+ said 
ab\t ! future4 ,! meal is z solemn z a  
fun]al4 ,aft] breakfa/ ,i ask ! ?ree m5 
if !y /ill ?9k x be/ to leave u4 ,! eld]
 ,h[l& ?9ks x is1 & ,dunn agrees ) him4 
,! y\ng] ,h[l& tries to p]suade !m to g 
on ) ! p>ty2 fail+ 9 :i*1 he decides to 
g ) 8 bro!r4  ,!n we cross ! riv]4 ,!   
small boat is v mu* disabl$ &           
unseawor?y4 ,) ! loss ( h&s1 consequ5t  
on ! dep>ture ( ! ?ree m51 we %all n be 
able to run all ( ! boats2 s ,i decide  
to leave my ,emma ,dean4  ,two rifles & 
a %otgun are giv5 to ! m5 :o are go+    
out4 ,i ask !m to help !mselves to !    
rations & take :at !y ?9k to be a fair  
%>e4 ,?is !y refuse to d1 say+ !y h no  
fe> b t !y c get some?+ to eat2 b       

,billy1 ! cook1 has a pan ( biscuits    
prep>$ = d9n]1 & ^! he leaves on a rock4
  ,be=e />t+1 we take f ! boat our      
b>omet]s1 fossils1 ! m9]als1 & "s       
ammunition & leave !m on ! rocks4 ,we   
are go+ ov] ?is place z light z         
possible4 ,! ?ree m5 help u lift our    
boats ov] a rock #be or #cj feet high & 
let !m d[n aga9 ov] ! fir/ fall1 & n[ we
 are all ready to />t4 ,! la/ ?+ be=e   
leav+1 ,i write a lett] to my wife &    
give x to ,h[l&4 ,sumn] gives him 8     
wat*1 direct+ t x be s5t to 8 si/] %\ld 
he n be he>d f aga94 ,! records ( !     
exp$ition h be5 kept 9 duplicate4 ,"o   
set ( ^! is giv5 to ,h[l&2 & n[ we are  
ready4 ,= ! la/ "t !y entreat u n to g  
on1 & tell u t x is madness to set out 9
 ?is place2 t we c nev] get safely ?r\gh
 x2 &1 fur!r1 t ! riv] turns aga9 to !  
s\? into ! granite1 & a few miles ( su* 
rapids & falls w exhau/ our entire /ock 
( rations1 & !n  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,!
 ,,gr& ,,canyon4  #bha  x w be too late 
to climb out4 ,"s te>s are %$2 x is r a 

solemn p>t+2 ea* p>ty ?9ks ! o!r is tak+
 ! dang]\s c\rse4  ,my old boat left1 ,i
 g on bo>d ( ! ,maid ( ! ,canyon4 ,!    
?ree m5 climb a crag t ov]hangs ! riv]  
to wat* u (f4 ,! ,maid ( ! ,canyon pu%es
 out4 ,we glide rapidly along ! foot ( !
 wall1 j graz+ "o great rock1 !n pull   
out a little into ! *ute ( ! second fall
 & plunge ov] x4 ,! op5 comp>tm5t is    
fill$ :5 we /rike ! fir/ wave bel[1 b we
 cut ?r\gh x1 & !n ! m5 pull ) all _!   
p[] t[>d ! left wall & sw+ cle> ( !     
dang]\s rock bel[ all "r4 ,we are       
sc>cely a m9ute 9 runn+ x1 & f9d t1     
al?\gh x look$ bad f above1 we h pass$  
_m places t 7 worse4 ,! o!r boat foll[s 
)\t m difficulty4 ,we l& at ! fir/      
p[ell-canyons-#age4;jpg  ,,triangulation
 ,,/ation4  #bhb ,,canyons ,,( ,,!      
,,colorado4  practicable po9t bel[1 &   
fire our guns1 z a signal to ! m5 above 
t we h come ov] 9 safety4 ,"h we rema9 a
 c\ple ( h\rs1 hop+ t !y w take ! small]
 boat & foll[ u4 ,we are beh9d a curve 9
 ! canyon & _c see up to :]e we left !m1

 & s we wait until _! com+ seems        
hopeless1 & !n pu% on4  ,& n[ we h a    
succession ( rapids & falls until noon1 
all ( :i* we run 9 safety4 ,j aft] d9n] 
we come to ano!r bad place4 ,a little   
/ream comes 9 f ! left1 & bel[ !re is a 
fall1 & /ill bel[ ano!r fall4 ,above1 ! 
riv] tumbles d[n1 ov] & among ! rocks1 9
 :irlpools & great waves1 & ! wat]s are 
la%$ into mad1 :ite foam4 ,we run along 
! left1 above ?is1 & soon see t we _c   
get d[n on ?is side1 b x seems possible 
to let d[n on ! o!r4 ,we pull up /ream  
aga9 = #bjj or #cjj y>ds & cross4 ,n[   
!re is a b$ ( basalt on ?is nor!rn side 
( ! canyon1 ) a bold esc>pm5t t seems to
 be a hundr$ feet high4 ,we c climb x & 
walk along its summit to a po9t :]e we  
are j at ! head ( ! fall4 ,"h ! basalt  
is brok5 d[n aga91 s x seems to u1 & ,i 
direct ! m5 to take a l9e to ! top ( !  
cliff & let ! boats d[n along ! wall4   
,"o man rema9s 9 ! boat to keep h] cle> 
( ! rocks & prev5t h] l9e f be+ caught  
on ! project+ angles4 ,i climb ! cliff &

 pass along to a po9t j ov] ! fall &    
desc5d by brok5 rocks1 & f9d t ! break (
 ! fall is above ! break ( ! wall1 s t  
we _c l&1 & t /ill bel[ ! riv] is v bad1
 & t !re is no possibility ( a portage4 
,)\t wait+ fur!r to exam9e & det]m9e :at
 %all be done1 ,i ha/5 back to ! top ( !
 cliff to /op ! boats f com+ d[n4 ,:5 ,i
 arrive ,i f9d ! m5 h let "o ( !m d[n to
 ! head ( ! fall4 ,%e is 9 swift wat] & 
!y are n able to pull h] back2 nor are  
!y able to g on ) ! l9e1 z x is n long  
en\gh to rea* ! high] "p ( ! cliff :i*  
is j be=e !m2 s !y take a bight ar\nd a 
crag4 ,i s5d two m5 back = ! o!r l9e4 ,!
 boat is 9 v swift wat]1 & ,bradley is  
/&+ 9 ! op5 comp>tm5t1 hold+ out 8 o> to
 prev5t h] f /rik+ aga9/ ! foot ( !     
cliff4 ,n[ %e %oots out into ! /ream &  
up z f> z ! l9e w p]mit1 & !n1 :eel+1   
drives headlong aga9/ ! rock1 & !n out &
 back aga91 n[ /ra9+  ,,to ,,! ,,foot   
,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4  #bhc  on ! l9e1
 n[ /rik+ aga9/ ! rock4 ,z soon z !     
second l9e is br\ght1 we pass x d[n to  

him2 b 8 att5tion is all tak5 up ) 8 own
 situation1 & he does n see t we are    
pass+ him ! l9e4 ,i /& on a project+    
rock1 wav+ my hat to ga9 8 att5tion1 =  
my voice is dr[n$ by ! ro>+ ( ! falls4  
,j at ?is mom5t ,i see him take 8 knife 
f its %ea? & /ep =w>d to cut ! l9e4 ,he 
has evid5tly decid$ t x is bett] to g   
ov] ) ! boat z x is ?an to wait = h] to 
be brok5 to pieces4 ,z he leans ov]1 !  
boat %e]s aga9 into ! /ream1 ! /em-po/  
breaks away & %e is loose4 ,) p]fect    
composure ,bradley seizes ! great scull 
o>1 places x 9 ! /]n r[lock1 & pulls )  
all 8 p[] 7& he is an a?lete7 to turn ! 
b[ ( ! boat d[n /ream1 = he wi%es to g  
b[ d[n1 r ?an to drift broadside on4    
,"o1 two /rokes he makes1 & a ?ird j z  
%e goes ov]1 & ! boat is fairly turn$1 &
 %e goes d[n almo/ beyond our sight1    
?\gh we are m ?an a hundr$ feet above ! 
riv]4 ,!n %e comes up aga9 on a great   
wave1 & d[n & up1 !n ar\nd beh9d "s     
great rocks1 & is lo/ 9 ! mad1 :ite foam
 bel[4 ,we /& froz5 ) fe>1 = we see no  

boat4 ,bradley is gone6 s x seems4 ,b   
n[1 away bel[1 we see some?+ com+ out ( 
! waves4 ,x is evi-                     
p[ell-canyons-#agf4;jpg  ,,cavate       
,,h\ses  #bhd ,,cantons ,,( ,,!         
,,colorado4  d5tly a boat4 ,a mom5t m1 &
 we see ,bradley /&+ on deck1 sw++ 8 hat
 to %[ t he is all "r4 ,b he is 9 a     
:irlpool4 ,we h ! /em-po/ ( 8 boat      
atta*$ to ! l9e4 ,h[ badly %e may be    
disabl$ we "k n4 ,i direct ,sumn] &     
,p[ell to pass along ! cliff & see if !y
 c rea* him f bel[4 ,hawk9s1 ,hall1 &   
myself run to ! o!r boat1 jump abo>d1   
pu% out1 & away we g ov] ! falls4 ,a    
wave rolls ov] u & our boat is          
unmanageable4 ,ano!r great wave /rikes  
u1 & ! boat rolls ov]1 & tumbles &      
tosses1 ,i "k n h[4 ,all ,i "k is t     
,bradley is pick+ u up4 ,we soon h all  
"r aga91 & r[ to ! cliff & wait until   
,sumn] & ,p[ell c come4 ,aft] a         
difficult climb !y rea* u4 ,we run two  
or ?ree miles f>!r & turn aga9 to !     
nor?we/1 cont9u+ until night1 :5 we h   

run out ( ! granite once m4  ,augu/     
#bi4--,we />t v e>ly ?is morn+4 ,! riv] 
/ill cont9ues swift1 b we h no s]i\s    
difficulty1 & at twelve o'clock em]ge f 
! ,gr& ,canyon ( ! ,colorado4 ,we are 9 
a valley n[1 & l[ m\nta9s are se5 9 !   
di/ance1 com+ to ! riv] bel[4 ,we       
recognize ?is z ! ,gr& ,wa%4  ,a few    
ye>s ago a p>ty ( ,mormons set out f ,/4
 ,george1 ,utah1 tak+ ) !m a boat1 &    
came d[n to ! ,gr& ,wa%1 :]e !y divid$1 
a portion ( ! p>ty cross+ ! riv] to     
explore ! ,san ,francisco ,m\nta9s4     
,?ree m5--,hambl91 ,mill]1 &            
,crosby--tak+ ! boat1 w5t on d[n ! riv] 
to ,callville1 l&+ a few miles bel[ !   
m\? ( ! ,rio ,virg54 ,we h _! manuscript
 j\rnal ) u1 & s ! /ream is comp>atively
 well kn[n4  ,to-night we camp on ! left
 bank1 9 a mesquite ?icket4  ,! relief f
 dang] & ! joy ( success are great4 ,:5 
he :o has be5 *a9$ by w\nds to a        
hospital cot until 8 canvas t5t seems l 
a dungeon cell1 until ! groans ( ^? :o  
lie ab\t tortur$ ) probe & knife are    

pil$ up1 a weight ( horror on 8 e>s t he
 _c ?r[ (f1 _c =get1 & until ! /5* (    
fe/]+ w\nds & anae/hetic drugs has fill$
 ! air ) its loa?some bur!n1--:5 he at  
la/ goes out into ! op5 field1 :at a _w 
he sees6 ,h[ beautiful ! sky1 h[ bright 
! sun%9e1 :at floods ( deliri\s music   
p\r f ! ?roats ( birds1 h[ sweet !      
fragrance  ,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr&
 ,,canyon4  #bhe  ( e>? & tree &        
blossom6 ,! fir/ h\r ( convalesc5t      
fre$om seems ri* recomp5se = all pa9 &  
gloom & t]ror4  ,some?+ l ^! are !      
feel+s we exp]i5ce to-night4 ,ev] be=e u
 has be5 an unkn[n dang]1 heavi] ?an    
imm$iate p]il4 ,e wak+ h\r pass$ 9 !    
,gr& ,canyon has be5 "o ( toil4 ,we h   
wat*$ ) deep solicitude ! /eady         
disappe>ance ( our scant supply (       
rations1 & f "t to "t h se5 ! riv] snat*
 a portion ( ! little left1 :ile we 7   
a-hung]$4 ,& dang] & toil 7 endur$ 9 ^? 
gloomy dep?s1 :]e (ttimes cl\ds hid !   
sky by day & b a n>r[ zone ( />s c\ld be
 se5 at night4 ,only dur+ ! few h\rs (  

deep sleep1 consequ5t on h>d labor1 has 
! ro> ( ! wat]s be5 hu%$4 ,n[ ! dang] is
 ov]1 n[ ! toil has ceas$1 n[ ! gloom   
has disappe>$1 n[ ! firmam5t is b\nd$   
only by ! horizon1 & :at a va/ expanse (
 con/ellations c be se56  ,! riv] rolls 
by u 9 sil5t maje/y2 ! quiet ( ! camp is
 sweet2 our joy is almo/ ec/asy4 ,we sit
 till long aft] midnight talk+ ( ! ,gr& 
,canyon1 talk+ ( home1 b talk+ *iefly ( 
! ?ree m5 :o left u4 ,are !y w&]+ 9 ^?  
dep?s1 unable to f9d a way out8 ,are !y 
se>*+ ov] ! des]t l&s above = wat]8 ,or 
are !y ne>+ ! settlem5ts8  ,augu/       
#cj4--,we run 9 two or ?ree %ort1 l[    
canyons to-day1 & on em]g+ f "o we      
discov] a b& ( ,indians 9 ! valley bel[4
 ,!y see u1 & scamp] away 9 eag] ha/e to
 hide among ! rocks4 ,al?\gh we l& &    
call = !m to return1 n an ,indian c be  
se54 p[ell-canyons-#agg4;jpg  ,,/&+     
,,bocks4  #bhf ,,canyons ,,( ,,!        
,,colorado4  ,two or ?ree miles f>!r    
d[n1 9 turn+ a %ort b5d ( ! riv]1 we    
come ^u ano!r camp4 ,s ne> are we be=e  

!y c see u t ,i c %\t to !m1 &1 be+ able
 to speak a little ( _! language1 ,i    
tell !m we are fri5ds2 b !y all flee to 
! rocks1 except a man1 a woman1 & two   
*ildr54 ,we l& & talk ) !m4 ,!y are )\t 
lodges1 b h built little %elt]s ( b\ghs1
 "u :i*' !y wall[ 9 ! s&4 ,! man is     
dress$ 9 a hat2 ! woman1 9 a /r+ ( beads
 only4 ,at fir/ !y are evid5tly mu*     
t]rifi$2 b :5 ,i talk to !m 9 _! own    
language & tell !m we are fri5ds1 &     
inquire aft] p 9 ! ,mormon t[ns1 !y are 
soon reassur$ & beg = tobacco4 ,( ?is   
preci\s article we h none to sp>e4      
,sumn] looks ar\nd 9 ! boat = some?+ to 
give !m1 & f9ds a little piece ( color$ 
soap1 :i* !y receive z a valuable       
pres5t1--r z a ?+ ( beauty ?an z a      
useful commodity1 h[ev]4 ,!y are ei!r   
unwill+ or unable to tell u any?+ ab\t !
 ,indians or :ite p1 & s we pu% (f1 = we
 mu/ lose no "t4  ,we camp at noon "u ! 
"r bank4 ,& n[ z we pu% out we are 9    
great expectancy1 = we hope e m9ute to  
discov] ! m\? ( ! ,rio ,virg54 ,soon "o 

( ! m5 exclaims3 ,yond]'s an ,indian 9 !
 riv]4 ,look+ = a few m9utes1 we c]ta9ly
 d see two or ?ree p]sons4 ,! m5 b5d to 
_! o>s & pull t[>d !m4 ,approa*+1 we see
 t !re are ?ree :ite m5 & an ,indian    
haul+ a se9e1 & !n we discov] t x is j  
at ! m\? ( ! long-s\ght riv]4  ,z we    
come ne>1 ! m5 seem f> less surpris$ to 
see u ?an we d to see !m4 ,!y evid5tly  
"k :o we are1 & on talk+ ) !m !y tell u 
t we h be5 report$ lo/ long ago1 & t "s 
weeks be=e a mess5g] _h be5 s5t f ,salt 
,lake ,city ) in/ructions = !m to wat* =
 any fragm5ts or relics ( our p>ty t    
might drift d[n ! /ream4  ,our new-f\nd 
fri5ds1 ,mr4 ,asa & 8 two sons1 tell u t
 !y are pione]s ( a t[n t is to be built
 on ! bank4 ,eighte5 or tw5ty miles up !
 valley ( ! ,rio ,virg5 !re are two     
,mormon t[ns1 ,/4 ,joseph & ,/4 ,?omas4 
,to-night we dispat* an ,indian to !    
la/-m5tion$ place to br+ any lett]s t   
may be !re = u4  ,our arrival "h is v   
opportune4 ,:5 we look ov] our /ore (   
,,to ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,! ,,gr& ,,canton4 

#bhg  supplies1 we f9d ab\t #aj p\nds ( 
fl\r1 #ae p\nds ( dri$ apples1 b #gj or 
#hj p\nds ( c(fee4  ,augu/ #ca4--,?is   
aft]noon ! ,indian returns ) a lett]    
in=m+ u t ,bi%op ,lei?head ( ,/4 ,?omas 
& two or ?ree o!r ,mormons are com+ d[n 
) a wagon1 br++ u supplies4 ,!y arrive  
ab\t sund[n4 ,mr4 ,asa treats u ) great 
k9dness to ! ext5t ( 8 ability2 b ,bi%op
 ,lei?head br+s 9 8 wagon two or ?ree   
doz5 melons & _m o!r little luxuries1 & 
we are com=table once m4  ,septemb]     
#a4--,?is morn+ ,sumn]1 ,bradley1       
,hawk9s1 & ,hall1 tak+ on a small supply
 ( rations1 />t d[n ! ,colorado ) !     
boats4 ,x is _! int5tion to g to ,=t    
,mojave1 & p]haps f !re ov]l& to ,los   
,angeles4  ,capta9 ,p[ell & myself      
return ) ,bi%op ,lei?head to ,/4 ,?omas4
 ,f ,/4 ,?omas we g to ,salt ,lake      
,city4 p[ell-canyons-#agh4;jpg  #bhh    
p[ell-canyons-#agi4;jpg  ,,m\nt         
,,trumbull1 ,,f ,,m\nt ,,logan4  #bhi   
,,*apt] ,,xii4  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,&   
,,! ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4  ,a ,,ye> has   

pass$1 & we h det]m9$ to resume !       
exploration ( ! canyons ( ! ,colorado4  
,our la/ trip 0 s hurri$1 ow+ to ! loss 
( rations1 & ! sci5tific in/rum5ts 7 s  
badly injur$1 t we are n satisfi$ ) !   
results obta9$2 s we %all once m attempt
 to pass ?r\gh ! canyons 9 boats1 devot+
 two or ?ree ye>s to ! trip4  ,x w n be 
possible to c>ry 9 ! boats suffici5t    
supplies = ! p>ty = t l5g? ( "t2 s x is 
?\ght be/ to e/abli% depots ( supplies1 
at int]vals ( #ajj or #bjj miles along !
 riv]4  ,betwe5 ,gunnison's ,cross+ & ! 
foot ( ! ,gr& ,canyon1 we "k ( only two 
po9ts :]e ! riv] c be rea*$--"o at !    
,cross+ ( ! ,fa!rs1 & ano!r a few miles 
bel[1 at ! m\? ( ! ,p>ia1 on a r\te :i* 
has be5 explor$ by ,jacob ,hambl91 a    
,mormon mission>y4 ,^! two po9ts are s  
ne> ea* o!r t only "o ( !m c be select$ 
= ! purpose above m5tion$1 & o!rs mu/ be
 f\nd4 ,we h be5 unable up to ?is "t to 
obta91 ei!r f ,indians or :ite m51 any  
in=mation :i* w give u a clue to any o!r
 trail to ! riv]4  ,at ! headwat]s ( !  

,sevi]1 we are on ! summit ( a great    
wat]%$4 ,! ,sevi] itself fl[s nor? & !n 
we/w>d into ! lake ( ! same "n4 ,! ,rio 
,virg51 head+ ne> by1 fl[s to ! s\?we/  
into ! ,colorado1 #fj or #gj miles bel[ 
! ,gr& ,canyon4 ,! ,kanab1 also head+   
ne> by1 runs directly s\? into ! v he>t 
( ! ,gr& ,canyon4 ,! ,p>ia1 likewise    
head+ ne> by1 runs a little s\? ( ea/ & 
ent]s ! riv] at ! head ( ,m>ble ,canyon4
 ,to ! nor!a/ f ?is po9t1 o!r /reams :i*
 run into ! ,colorado h _! s\rces1      
until1 #dj or #ej miles away1 we rea* ! 
#bij  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4     
s\!rn bran*es ( ! ,dirty ,devil ,riv]1 !
 m\? ( :i* /ream is b a %ort di/ance    
bel[ ! junction ( ! ,gr& & ,gre54  ,!   
,paunsa'gunt ,plateau t]m9ates 9 a po9t1
 :i* is b\nd$ by a l9e ( beautiful p9k  
cliffs4 ,at ! foot ( ?is plateau1 on !  
we/1 ! ,rio ,virg5 & ,sevi] ,riv] are   
dovetail$ toge!r1 z _! m9ute upp]       
bran*es int]lock4 ,! upp] surface ( !   
plateau incl9es to  ! nor!a/1 s t its   
wat]s roll (f into ! ,sevi]2 b f ! foot 

( ! cliffs1 q ar\nd ! %>p angle ( !     
plateau1 = a doz5 miles1 we f9d num]\s  
spr+s1 ^: wat]s unite to =m ! ,kanab4 ,a
 little f>!r to ! nor!a/ ! spr+s ga!r   
into /reams t fe$ ! ,p>ia4 ,"h1 by !    
upp] spr+s ( ! ,kanab1 we make a camp1 &
 f ?is po9t we are to radiate on a s]ies
 ( trips1 s\?we/1 s\?1 & ea/4  ,jacob   
,hambl91 :o has be5 a mission>y among ! 
,indians = m ?an tw5ty ye>s1 has        
collect$ a numb] ( ,kai'vavits1 )       
,*u>'-ruumpeak1 _! *ief1 & !y are all   
camp$ ) u4 ,!y assure u t we _c rea* !  
riv]1 t we _c make our way into ! dep?s 
( ! canyon1 b promise to %[ u ! spr+s & 
wat] pockets1 :i* are v sc>ce 9 all     
p[ell-canyons-#ahj4;jpg  ,,m>y',s       
,,veil2 ,,! ,,upp] ,,fall ,,on ,,p9e    
,,creek1 ,a ,,small ,,tribut>y ,,( ,,!  
,,sevi]4  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,!     
,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4  #bia  ?is region1 &
 to give u all ! in=mation 9 _! p[]4 ,"h
 we fit up a pack tra91 = our b$d+ &    
in/rum5ts & supplies are to be c>ri$ on 
! backs ( mules & ponies4  ,septemb] #e1

 #ahgj4--,! sev]al memb]s ( ! p>ty are  
engag$ 9 g5]al prep>ation = our trip d[n
 to ! ,gr& ,canyon4  ,tak+ ) me a :ite  
man & an ,indian1 ,i />t on a climb to !
 summit ( ! ,paunsa'gunt ,plateau1 :i*  
rises above u on ! ea/4 ,our way = a    
mile or m is ov] a great peat bog1 :i*  
trembles "u our feet1 & n[ & !n a mule  
s9ks ?r\gh ! brok5 turf & we are        
compell$ to pull x out ) ropes4 ,pass+ !
 bog1 our way is up a gul* at ! foot ( !
 ,p9k ,cliffs1 :i* =m ! esc>pm5t1 or    
wall1 ( ! great plateau4 ,soon we leave 
! gul* & climb a long ridge :i* w9ds    
ar\nd to ! "r t[>d ! summit ( ! great   
table4  ,two h\rs' rid+1 climb+1 &      
clamb]+ br+ u ne> ! top4 ,we look bel[ &
 see cl\ds drift+ up f ! s\? & roll+    
tumultu\sly t[>d ! foot ( ! cliffs b5ea?
 u4 ,soon all ! c\ntry bel[ is cov]$ ) a
 sea ( vapor--a bill[y1 rag+1 noiseless 
sea--& z ! vapory flood /ill rolls up f 
! s\?1 great waves da% aga9/ !          
p[ell-canyons-#aha4;jpg  ,,pill+        
,,cascade1 ,,! ,,l[] ,,falls ,,on ,,p9e 

,,ceeek4  #bib  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!       
,,colorado4 p[ell-canyons-#ahb4;jpg     
,,aborig9al ,,ladd]4  foot ( ! cliffs & 
roll back2 ano!r tide comes 91 is hurl$ 
back1 & ano!r & ano!r1 la%+ ! cliffs    
until ! fog rises to ! summit & cov]s u 
all4 ,!re is a heavy p9e & fir =e/      
above1 beset ) dead & fall5 timb]1 & we 
make our way ?r\gh ! und]gr[? to ! ea/4 
,x ra9s4 ,! cl\ds dis*>ge _! moi/ure 9  
torr5ts1 & we make = ourselves %elt]s ( 
b\ghs1 only to be soon ab&on$1 & we /&  
%iv]+ by a great fire ( p9e logs &      
b\ghs1 :i* ! pelt+ /orm half ext+ui%es4 
,"o1 two1 ?ree1 f\r h\rs ( ! /orm1 & at 
la/ x p>tially abates4 ,dur+ ?is "t our 
animals1 :i* we h turn$ loose1 h s\ght =
 !mselves %elt] "u ! trees1 & two ( !m h
 w&]$ away beyond our sight4 ,i g out to
 foll[ _! tracks1 & come ne> to ! br9k (
 a l$ge ( rocks1 :i*1 9 ! fog & mi/1 ,i 
suppose to be a little ridge1 & ,i look 
= a way by :i* ,i c g d[n4 ,/&+ j "h1   
!re is a rift made 9 ! fog bel[ by "s   
curr5t or bla/ ( w9d1 :i* reveals an    

almo/ bottomless abyss4 ,i look f ! br9k
 ( a great precipice ( m ?an #b1jjj     
feet2 b ?r\gh ! mi/ ! =ms are half      
obscur$ & all reckon+ ( di/ance is lo/1 
& x seems #aj1jjj feet1 t5 miles--any   
di/ance ! imag9ation desires to make x4 
,cat*+ our animals1 we return to ! camp4
 ,we f9d t ! little /reams :i* come d[n 
f ! plateau are greatly swoll51 b at    
camp !y h _h no ra94 ,! cl\ds :i* drift$
 up f ! s\?1 /rik+ aga9/ ! plateau1 7   
lift$ up into cold] regions & dis*>g$ _!
 moi/ure on ! summit & aga9/ ! sides ( !
 plateau1 b !re 0 no ra9 9 ! valley     
bel[4  ,septemb] #i4--,we make a fair   
/>t ?is morn+ f ! beautiful mead[ at !  
head ( ! ,kanab1 cross ! l9e ( little   
hills at ! headwat]s ( ! ,rio ,virg51 & 
pass1 to ! s\?1 a pretty valley4 ,at t5 
o'clock we come to ! br9k ( a great     
geographic b5*--a l9e (  ,,! ,,rio      
,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4     
#bic  cliffs4 ,beh9d u are cool spr+s1  
gre5 mead[s1 & =e/-clad slopes2 bel[ u1 
/ret*+ to ! s\? until ! _w is lo/ 9 blue

 haze1 is a pa9t$ des]t--n a des]t pla91
 b a des]t ( rocks cut by deep gorges & 
reliev$ by t[]+ cliffs & p9nacl$        
rocks--nak$ rocks1 brilliant 9 !        
sunlight4  ,by a difficult trail we make
 our way d[n ! basaltic l$ge1 ?r\gh :i* 
innum]able /reams "h ga!r into a little 
riv] runn+ 9 a deep canyon4 ,! riv] runs
 close to ! foot ( ! cliffs on ! "r-h&  
side & ! trail passes along to ! "r4 ,at
 noon we re/ & our animals fe$ on       
luxuriant grass4  ,aga9 we />t & make   
sl[ progress along a /ony way4 ,at night
 we camp "u an ov]>*+ cliff4  ,septemb] 
#aj4--;,"h ! riv] turns to ! we/1 & our 
way1 prop]ly1 is to ! s\?2 b we wi% to  
explore ! ,rio ,virg5 z f> z possible4  
,! ,indians tell u t ! canyon n>r[s     
gradually a few miles bel[ & t x w be   
impossible to take our animals mu* f>!r 
d[n ! riv]4 ,e>ly 9 ! morn+ ,i g d[n to 
exam9e ! head ( ?is n>r[ "p4 ,aft]      
breakfa/1 hav+ conclud$ to explore !    
canyon = a few miles on foot1 we arrange
 t ! ma9 p>ty %all climb ! cliff & g    

ar\nd to a po9t #ah or #bj  miles bel[1 
:]e1 ! ,indians say1 ! animals c be tak5
 d[n by ! riv]1 & ?ree ( u set out on1  
foot4  ,! ,indian "n ( ! canyon is      
,p>u'nuweap1 or ,ro>+ ,wat] ,canyon4    
,betwe5 ! little riv] & ! foot ( ! walls
 is a d5se gr[? ( will[s1 v9es1 & wild  
rosebu%es1 & ) great difficulty we make 
our way ?r\gh ?is tangl$ mass4 ,x is n a
 wide /ream--only #bj or #cj feet across
 9 mo/ places2 %all[1 b v swift4 ,aft]  
sp5d+ "s h\rs 9 break+ our way ?r\gh !  
mass ( vegetation & climb+ rocks "h &   
!re1 x is det]m9$ to wade along ! /ream4
 ,9 "s places ?is is an easy task1 b "h 
& !re we come to deep holes :]e we h to 
wade to our armpits4 ,soon we come to   
places s n>r[ p[ell-canyons-#ahc4;jpg   
,,ano!r ,,/yle ,,( ,,ladd]4  #bid       
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  t ! riv] 
fills ! entire *annel & we wade p]=ce4  
,9 _m places ! bottom is a quicks&1 into
 :i* we s9k1 & x is ) great difficulty t
 we make progress4 ,9 "s places ! holes 
are s deep t we h to swim1 & our little 

bundles ( blankets & rations are fix$ to
 a raft made ( driftwood & pu%$ be=e u4 
,n[ & !n !re is a little flood-pla91 on 
:i* we c walk1 & we cross & recross !   
/ream & wade along ! *annel :]e ! wat]  
is s swift z almo/ to c>ry u (f our feet
 & we are 9 dang] e mom5t ( be+ swept   
d[n1 until night comes on4 ,f9d+ a      
little pat* ( flood-pla91 on :i* !re is 
a huge pile ( driftwood & a clump (     
box-eld]s1 & ne> by a mammo? /ream bur/+
 f ! rocks1 we soon h a huge fire4 ,our 
clo!s are spread to dry2 we make a cup (
 c(fee1 take out our bread & *eese &    
dri$ beef1 & enjoy a he>ty supp]4 ,we   
e/imate t we h travel$ eight miles      
to-day4  ,! canyon "h is ab\t #a1bjj    
feet deep4 ,x has be5 v n>r[ & w9d+ all 
! way d[n to ?is po9t4  ,septemb]       
#aa4--,wad+ aga9 ?is morn+2 s9k+ 9 !    
quicks&1 swimm+ ! deep wat]s1 & mak+ sl[
 & pa9ful progress :]e ! wat]s are swift
 & ! b$ ( ! /ream rocky4  ,! canyon is  
/eadily becom+ deep] & 9 _m places v    
n>r[--only #bj or #cj feet wide bel[1 & 

9 "s places no wid]1 & ev5 n>r[]1 =     
hundr$s ( feet ov]head4 ,!re are places 
:]e ! riv] 9 sweep+ by curves has cut f>
 "u ! rocks1 b /ill pres]ves its n>r[   
*annel1 s t !re is an ov]hang+ wall on  
"o side & an incl9$ wall on ! o!r4 ,9   
places a few hundr$ feet above1 x       
becomes v]tical aga91 & ?us ! view to ! 
sky is entirely clos$4 ,ev]y:]e ?is deep
 passage is d>k & gloomy & res\nds ) !  
noise ( rapid wat]s4 ,at noon we are 9 a
 canyon #b1ejj feet deep1 & we come to a
 fall :]e ! walls are brok5 d[n & huge  
rocks beset ! *annel1 on :i* we obta9 a 
foo?old to rea* a level #bjj feet bel[4 
,"h ! canyon is aga9 wid]1 & we f9d a   
flood-pla9 along :i* we c walk1 n[ on   
?is1 & n[ on t side ( ! /ream4          
,gradually ! canyon wid5s2 /eep rapids1 
cascades1 & cat>acts are f\nd along !   
riv]1 b we wade only :5 x is necess>y to
 cross4 ,we make progress ) v great     
labor1 hav+ to climb ov] piles ( brok5  
rocks4  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,!       
,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4 #bie  ,late 9 !     

aft]noon we come to a little cle>+ 9 !  
valley & see o!r signs ( civilization & 
by sund[n arrive at ! ,mormon t[n       
p[ell-canyons-#ahd4;jpg  ,,entrance ,,to
 ,,p>u',,nuweap4  ( ,s*unesburg2 & "h we
 meet ! tra91 & fea/ on melons & grapes4
  ,septemb] #ab4--,our c\rse = ! la/ two
 days1 ?r\gh ,p>u'nuweap ,canyon1 0     
directly to ! we/4 ,ano!r /ream comes   
d[n f ! nor? & unites j "h at           
,s*unesburg ) ! ma9 bran* ( ! ,rio      
,virg54 ,we det]m9e to sp5d a day 9 !   
exploration ( ?is /ream4 ,! ,indians    
call ! canyon ?r\gh :i* x runs1         
,mukun'tu-weap1 or ,/raight1 ,canyon4   
,ent]+ ?is1 we h to wade up/ream2 (t5 ! 
wat] fills ! entire *annel &1 al?\gh we 
travel _m  #bif  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!      
,,colorado4  miles1 we f9d no           
flood-pla91 talus1 or brok5 piles ( rock
 at ! foot ( ! cliff4 ,! walls h smoo?1 
pla9 faces & are ev]y:]e v regul> &     
v]tical = a ?\s& feet or m1 :]e !y seem 
to break back 9 %elv+ slopes to high]   
altitudes2 & ev]y:]e1 z we g along1 we  

f9d spr+s bur/+ out at ! foot ( ! walls1
 & pass+ ^! ! riv] above becomes /eadily
 small]4 ,! great body ( wat] :i* runs  
bel[ bur/s out f b5ea? ?is great b$ ( r$
 s&/one2 z we g up ! canyon1 x comes to 
be b a creek1 & !n a brook4 ,on ! we/]n 
wall ( ! canyon /& "s buttes1           
p[ell-canyons-#ahe4;jpg  ,,t[]s ,,on ,,!
 ,,rio ,,virg54  t[]s1 & high p9nacl$   
rocks4 ,go+ up ! canyon1 we ga9 glimpses
 ( !m1 "h & !re4 ,la/ summ]1 aft] our   
trip ?r\gh  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,!   
,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4 #big  ! canyons ( ! 
,colorado1 on our way f ! m\? ( ! ,virg5
 to ,salt ,lake ,city1 ^! 7 se5 z       
conspicu\s l&m>ks f a di/ance away to ! 
s\?we/ ( #fj or #gj miles4 ,^! t[] rocks
 are kn[n z ! ,temples ( ! ,virg54      
,hav+ explor$ ?is canyon ne>ly to its   
head1 we return to ,s*unesburg1 arriv+ q
 late at night4  ,sitt+ 9 camp ?is ev5+1
 ,*u>'ruumpeak1 ! *ief ( ! ,kai'vavits1 
:o is "o ( our p>ty1 tells u !re is a   
tradition among ! tribes ( ?is c\ntry t 
_m ye>s ago a great light 0 se5 some:]e 

9 ?is region by ! ,p>u'%apats1 :o liv$  
to ! s\?we/1 & t !y suppos$ x to be a   
signal k9dl$ to w>n !m ( ! approa* ( !  
,navajos1 :o liv$ beyond ! ,colorado    
,riv] to ! ea/4 ,!n o!r signal fires 7  
k9dl$ on ! ,p9e ,valley ,m\nta9s1 ,santa
 ,cl>a ,m\nta9s1 & ,u9k>et ,m\nta9s1 s t
 all ! tribes ( nor!rn ,arizona1 s\!rn  
,utah1 s\!rn ,nevada1 & s\!rn ,cali=nia 
7 w>n$ ( ! approa*+ dang]2 b :5 !       
,p>u'%apats came ne>]1 !y discov]$ t x 0
 a fire on "o ( ! great temples2 & !n !y
 knew t ! fire 0 n k9dl$ by m51 = no    
human be+ c\ld scale ! rocks4 ,!        
,tu'muurrugwait'sigaip1 or ,rock ,rov]s1
 _h k9dl$ a fire to deceive ! p4 ,s1 9 !
 ,indian language ?is is call$          
,tu'muurruwait'sigaip ,tuweap'1 or ,rock
 ,rov]s' ,l&4  ,septemb] #ac4--,we />t v
 e>ly ?is morn+1 = we h a long day's    
travel be=e u4 ,our way is across ! ,rio
 ,virg5 to ! s\?4 ,com+ to ! bank ( !   
/ream "h1 we f9d a /range metamorphosis4
 ,! /reams we h se5 above1 runn+ 9 n>r[ 
*annels1 leap+ & plung+ ov] ! rocks1    

rag+ & ro>+ 9 _! c\rse1 are "h unit$ &  
spread 9 a ?9 %eet sev]al hundr$ y>ds   
wide & only a few in*es deep1 b runn+   
ov] a b$ ( quicks&4 ,cross+ ! /ream1 our
 trail leads up a n>r[ canyon1 n v deep1
 & !n among ! hills ( gold51 r$1 &      
purple %ales & m>ls4 ,climb+ out ( !    
valley ( ! ,rio ,virg51 we pass ?r\gh a 
=e/ ( dw>f c$>s & come out at ! foot ( !
 ,v]milion ,cliffs4 ,all day we foll[   
?is ,indian trail t[>d ! ea/1 & at night
 camp at a great spr+1 kn[n to !        
,indians z ,yell[ ,rock ,spr+1 b to !   
,mormons z ,pipe ,spr+2 & ne> by !re is 
a cab9 9 :i* "s ,mormon  #bih  ,,canyons
 ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  h]d]s f9d %elt]4  
,pipe ,spr+ is a po9t j across ! ,utah  
l9e 9 ,arizona1 & we suppose x to be    
ab\t #fj miles f ! riv]4 ,"h            
p[ell-canyons-#ahf4;jpg                 
,,mukun',,tuweap ,,canyon4  ! ,mormons  
design to build a =t ano!r ye>1 z an    
outpo/ = protection aga9/ ! ,indians4   
,we n[ dis*>ge a numb] ( ! ,indians1 b  
take two ) u =  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,&   

,,! ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4 #bii  ! purpose 
( %[+ u ! spr+s1 = !y are v sc>ce1 v    
small1 & n easily f\nd4 ,half a doz5 are
 n kn[n 9 a di/rict ( c\ntry l>ge en\gh 
to make z _m good-siz$ c\nties 9        
,ill9ois4 ,!re are no runn+ /reams1 & ^!
 spr+s & wat] pockets are our sole      
dep5d5ce4  ,/>t+1 we leave beh9d a long 
l9e ( cliffs1 _m hundr$ feet high1      
compos$ ( orange & v]milion s&/ones4 ,i 
h nam$ !m ,v]milion ,cliffs4 ,:5 we are 
out a few miles1 ,i look back & see !   
morn+ sun %9+ 9 spl5dor on _! pa9t$     
faces2 ! sali5t angles are on fire1 & ! 
retreat+ angles are buri$ 9 %ade1 & ,i  
gaze on !m until my vision dreams & !   
cliffs appe> a long bank ( purple cl\ds 
pil$ f ! horizon high into ! heav5s4 ,at
 noon we pass along a l$ge ( *ocolate   
cliffs1 &1 tak+ out our s&wi*es1 we make
 a d9n] z we ride along4  ,ye/]day our  
,indians discuss$ = h\rs ! r\te :i* we  
%\ld take4 ,!re is "o way1 f>!r by #aj  
or #ab miles1 ) sure wat]2 ano!r1 %ort]1
 :]e wat] is f\nd sometimes2 _!         

conclusion 0 t wat] w\ld be f\nd n[2 &  
?is is ! way we g1 yet all day long we  
are anxi\s ab\t x4 ,to be out two days )
 only ! wat] t c be c>ri$ 9 two small   
kegs is to h our animals suff] greatly4 
,at five o'clock we come to ! spot1 &   
!re is a huge wat] pocket conta9+ sev]al
 b>rels4 ,:at a relief6 ,"h we camp = ! 
night4  ,septemb] #ae4--,up at daybreak1
 = x is a long day's m>* to ! next wat]4
 ,!y say we mu/ run v h>d to rea* x by  
d>k4  ,our c\rse is to ! s\?4 ,f ,pipe  
,spr+ we c see a m\nta91 & ,i recognize 
x z ! "o se5 la/ summ] f a cliff        
ov]look+ ! ,gr& ,canyon2 & ,i wi% to    
rea* ! riv] j beh9d ! m\nta94 ,!re are  
,indians liv+ 9 ! gr\p1 ( :i* x is !    
highe/1 :om ,i wi% to visit on ! way4   
,^! m\nta9s are ( volcanic orig91 & we  
soon come to gr\nd t is cov]$ ) fragm5ts
 ( lava4 ,! way becomes v difficult4 ,we
 h to cross deep rav9es1 ! heads (      
canyons t run into ! ,gr& ,canyon4 ,x is
 curi\s n[ to obs]ve ! k ( our ,indians4
 ,!re is n a trail b :at !y "k2 e gul* &

 e rock seems famili>4 ,i h prid$ myself
 on be+ able to grasp & reta9 9 my m9d !
 topog-  #cjj ,,canyons ,,( ,,!         
,,colorado4  raphy ( a c\ntry2 b ^!     
,indians put me to %ame4 ,my k is only  
g5]al1 embrac+ ! m important features ( 
a region t rema9s z a map engrav$ on my 
m9d2 b !irs is p>ticul>4 ,!y "k e rock &
 e l$ge1 e gul* & canyon1 & j :]e to w9d
 among ^! to f9d a pass2 & _! k is      
un]r+4 ,!y _c describe a c\ntry to y1 b 
!y c tell y all ! p>ticul>s ( a r\te4   
,i h b "o pony = ! two1 & !y 7 to ride  
turn ab\t2 b ,*u>'ruumpeak1 ! *ief1     
rides1 & ,%uts1 ! "o-ey$1 b>elegg$1     
m]ry-fac$ pigmy1 walks1 & po9ts ! way ) 
a sl5d] cane2 !n leaps & b\nds by !     
%orte/ way1 & sits d[n on a rock & waits
 demurely until we come1 always meet+ u 
) a je/1 8 face a ri* m9e ( sunny       
smiles4  ,at dusk we rea* ! wat] pocket4
 ,x is 9 a deep gorge on ! flank ( ?is  
great m\nta94 ,dur+ ! ra9y season ! wat]
 rolls d[n ! m\nta9 side1 plung+ ov]    
precipices1 & excavates a deep bas9 9 ! 

solid rock bel[4 ,?is bas91 hidd5 f !   
sun1 holds wat] ! ye> r\nd4  ,septemb]  
#af4--,?is morn+1 :ile ! m5 are pack+ ! 
animals1 ,i climb a little m\nta9 ne>   
camp1 to obta9 a view ( ! c\ntry4 ,x is 
a huge pile ( volcanic scoria1 loose &  
light z c9d]s f a =ge1 :i* give way "u  
my feet1 & ,i climb ) great labor2 b1   
rea*+ ! summit & look+ to ! s\!a/1 ,i   
see once m ! labyr9? ( deep gorges t    
flank ! ,gr& ,canyon2 9 ! multitude1 ,i 
_c det]m9e :e!r x is itself 9 view or n4
 ,! memories ( gr& & awful mon?s sp5t 9 
_! deep1 gloomy solitudes come up1 & ,i 
live t life ov] aga9 = a "t4  ,i        
suppos$1 be=e />t+1 t ,i c\ld get a good
 view ( ! great m\nta9 f ?is po9t2 b x  
is l climb+ a *air to look at a ca/le4  
,i wi% to discov] "s way by :i* x c be  
asc5d$1 z x is my int5tion to g to !    
summit be=e ,i return to ! settlem5ts4  
,!re is a cliff ne> ! summit & ,i d n   
see any way yet4 ,n[ d[n ,i g1 slid+ on 
! c9d]s1 mak+ !m rattle & clang4  ,!    
,indians say we are to h a %ort ride    

to-day & t we %all rea* an ,indian      
village1 situat$ by a good spr+4 ,our   
way is across ! spurs t put out f !     
great m\nta9 z we pass x to ! left4  ,,!
 ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et         
,,m\nta9s4  #cja  ,up & d[n we g across 
deep rav9es1 & ! fragm5ts ( lava clank  
"u our horses' feet2 n[ among c$>s1 n[  
among p9es1 & n[ across m\nta9-side     
glades4 ,at "o o'clock we desc5d into a 
lovely valley1 ) a c>pet ( wav+ grass2  
sometimes !re is a little wat] 9 ! upp] 
end ( x1 & dur+ "s seasons ! ,indians we
 wi% to f9d are encamp$ "h4             
,*u>'ruumpeak rides on to f9d !m1 & to  
say we are fri5ds1 o!rwise !y w\ld run  
away or propose to fight u1 %\ld we come
 )\t notice4 ,soon we see ,*u>'ruumpeak 
rid+ at full spe$ & he> him %\t+ at !   
top ( 8 voice1 & away 9 ! di/ance are   
two ,indians scamp]+ up ! m\nta9 side4  
,"o /ops2 ! o!r /ill goes on & is soon  
lo/ to view4 ,we ride up & f9d          
,*u>'ruumpeak talk+ ) ! "o :o _h /opp$4 
,x is "o ( ! ladies resid5t 9 ^! m\nta9 

glades2 %e is evid5tly                  
p[ell-canyons-#ahg4;jpg  ,,! ,,wit*es'  
,,wat] ,,pocket4  #cjb  ,,canyons ,,(   
,,! ,,colorado4  pay+ taxes1 ,godiva-l4 
,%e tells u t h] p are at ! spr+2 t x is
 only two h\rs' ride2 t h] good ma/] has
 gone on to tell !m we are com+2 & t %e 
is h>ve/+ se$s4  ,we sit d[n & eat our  
lun*eon & %>e our biscuits ) ! woman ( !
 m\nta9s2 !n on we g ov] a divide betwe5
 two r\nd$ peaks4 ,i s5d ! p>ty on to ! 
village & climb ! peak on ! left1 rid+  
my horse to ! upp] limit ( trees & !n   
tugg+ up afoot4 ,f ?is po9t ,i c see !  
,gr& ,canyon1 & ,i "k :]e ,i am4 ,i c   
see ! ,indian village1 too1 9 a grassy  
valley1 em -bosom$ 9 ! m\nta9s1 ! smoke 
curl+ up f _! fires2 my m5 are turn+ out
 _! horses & a gr\p ( natives /& ar\nd4 
,d[n ! m\nta9 ,i g & rea* camp at       
sunset4 ,aft] supp] we put "s c$> b\ghs 
on ! fire2 ! dusky villag]s sit ar\nd1 &
 we h a smoke & a talk4 ,i expla9 !     
object ( my visit1 & assure !m ( my     
fri5dly int5tions4 ,!n ,i ask !m ab\t a 

way d[n into ! canyon4 ,!y tell me t    
ye>s ago a way 0 discov]$ by :i* p>ties 
c\ld g d[n1 b t no "o has attempt$ x = a
 long "t2 t x is a v difficult & v      
dang]\s und]tak+ to rea* ! ,big ,wat]4  
,!n ,i inquire ab\t ! ,%i'vwits1 a tribe
 t lives ab\t p[ell-canyons-#ahh4;jpg   
,,wunavai ,,ga!r+ ,,se$s4  ,,! ,,rio    
,,virg5 ,,akd ,,! ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4   
#cjc  ! spr+s on ! m\nta9 sides & canyon
 cliffs to ! s\?we/4 ,!y say t _!       
village is n[ ab\t #cj miles away1 &    
promise to s5d a mess5g] = !m to-morr[  
morn+4  ,hav+ f9i%$ our bus9ess = !     
ev5+1 ,i ask if !re is a tugwi'nagunt 9 
camp2 t is1 if !re is any "o pres5t :o  
is skill$ 9 relat+ _! my?ology4         
,*u>'ruumpeak says ,tomor'r\ntikai1 !   
*ief ( ^! ,indians1 is a v not$ man = 8 
skill 9 ?is matt]2 b !y bo? object1 by  
say+ t ! season = tugwi'nai has n yet   
arriv$4 ,b ,i _h anticipat$ ?is1 & soon 
"s memb]s ( ! p>ty come ) pipes &       
tobacco1 a l>ge kettle ( c(fee1 & a tray
 ( biscuits1 &1 aft] sundry c]emonies ( 

pipe light+ & smok+1 we all fea/1 &1    
w>m$ up by ?is1 to !m1 unusually good   
liv+1 x is decid$ t ! night %all be sp5t
 9 relat+ my?ology4 ,i ask              
,tomor'r\ntikai to tell u ab\t ! ,s'kus 
,wai'unats1 or ,"o-,two ,boys1 & to ?is 
he agrees4  ,! long w9t] ev5+s ( an     
,indian camp are usually devot$ to !    
relation ( my?ologic /ories1 :i* purport
 to give a hi/ory ( an anci5t race (    
animal gods4 ,! /ories are usually told 
by "s old man1 assi/$ by o!rs ( ! p>ty1 
:o take second>y p>ts1 :ile ! memb]s ( !
 tribe ga!r ab\t & make comm5ts or      
receive impressions f ! morals :i* are  
en=c$ by ! /ory-tell]1 or1 m prop]ly1   
/ory-tell]s2 = ! ex]cise p>takes some:at
 ( ! nature ( a !atrical p]=mance4  ,,! 
,,s',,kus ,,wai',,unats4                
,tumpw9ai'rogw9ump1 ,he ,:o ,_h ,a ,/one
 ,%irt1 kill$ ,sikor'1 ! ,crane1 & /ole 
8 wife1 & see+ t %e _h a *ild & ?9k+ x  
w\ld be an incumbrance to !m on _!      
travels1 he ord]$ h] to kill x4 ,b ! "m1
 lov+ ! babe1 hid x "u h] dress & c>ri$ 

x away to its gr&mo!r4 ,& ,/one ,%irt   
c>ri$ 8 captur$ bride to 8 own l&4  ,9 a
 few ye>s ! *ild grew to be a f9e lad1  
"u ! c>e ( 8 gr&mo!r1 & 0 h] companion  
:]ev] %e w5t4  ,"o day !y 7 digg+ flag  
roots on ! m>g9 ( ! riv] & putt+ !m 9 a 
heap on ! bank4 ,:5 !y _h be5 at "w a   
little :ile1 ! boy p]ceiv$ t ! roots    
came up ) great] ease ?an 0 cu/om>y & he
 ask$ ! old woman ! cause ( ?is1  #cjd  
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  b %e did 
n "k2 &1 z !y cont9u$ _! "w1 /ill ! re$s
 came up ) less ef=t1 at :i* _! wond]   
increas$1 until ! gr&mo!r said1         
,surely1 "s /range ?+ is ab\t to        
transpire4  ,!n ! boy w5t to ! heap :]e 
!y _h be5 plac+ ! roots1 & f\nd t "s "o 
_h tak5 !m away1 & he ran back1         
exclaim+1  ,gr&mo!r1 did y take ! roots 
away8  ,& %e answ]$1  ,no1 my *ild2     
p]haps "s gho/ has tak5 !m (f2 let u dig
 no m2 come away4  ,b ! boy 0 n         
satisfi$1 z he greatly desir$ to "k :at 
all ?is meant2 s he se>*$ ab\t = a "t1 &
 at l5g? f\nd a man sitt+ "u a tree1 &  

taunt$ him ) be+ a ?ief1 & ?rew mud &   
/ones at him until he broke ! /rang]'s  
leg4 ,! man answ]$ n ! boy nor res5t$ ! 
injuries he receiv$1 b rema9$ sil5t &   
sorr[ful2 & :5 8 leg 0 brok5 he ti$ x up
 9 /icks & ba!d x 9 ! riv] & sat d[n    
aga9 "u ! tree & beckon$ ! boy to       
approa*4 ,:5 ! lad came ne>1 ! /rang]   
told him he _h some?+ ( great importance
 to reveal4  ,my son1 said he1 did t old
 woman ev] tell y ab\t y\r fa!r & "m8   
,no1 answ]$ ! boy2 ,i h nev] he>d ( !m4 
,my son1 d y see ^! bones scatt]$ on !  
gr\nd8 ,^: bones are ^!8  ,h[ %\ld ,i   
"k8 answ]$ ! boy4 ,x may be t "s elk or 
de] has be5 kill$ "h4  ,no1 said ! old  
man4  ,p]haps !y are ! bones ( a be>2 b 
! old man %ook 8 head4  ,s ! boy m5tion$
 _m o!r animals1 b ! /rang] /ill %ook 8 
head1 & f9ally said1  ,^! are ! bones ( 
y\r fa!r2 ,/one ,%irt kill$ him & left  
him to rot "h on ! gr\nd l a wolf4  ,& !
 boy 0 fill$ ) indignation aga9/ ! slay]
 ( 8 fa!r4  ,!n ! /rang] ask$1  ,,!     
,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et          

,,m\nta9s4  #cje  ,is y\r "m 9 yond]    
lodge8  ,no1 ! boy repli$4  ,does y\r "m
 live on ! banks ( ?is riv]8  ,i don't  
"k my "m2 ,i h nev] se5 h]2 %e is dead1 
answ]$ ! boy4  ,my son1 repli$ ! /rang]1
 ,/one ,%irt1 :o kill$ y\r fa!r1 /ole   
y\r "m & took h] away to ! %ore ( a     
di/ant lake1 & !re %e is 8 wife to-day4 
,& ! boy wept bitt]ly &1 :ile ! te>s    
fill$ 8 eyes s t he c\ld n see1 ! /rang]
 disappe>$4 ,!n ! boy 0 fill$ ) wond] at
 :at he _h se5 & he>d1 & malice grew 9 8
 he>t aga9/ 8 fa!r's enemy4 ,he return$ 
to ! old woman & said1  ,gr&mo!r1 :y h y
 li$ to me ab\t my fa!r & "m8  ,b %e    
answ]$ n1 = %e knew t a gho/ _h told all
 to ! boy4 ,& ! boy fell ^u ! gr\nd     
weep+ & sobb+1 until he fell into a deep
 sleep1 :5 /range ?+s 7 told him4  ,8   
slumb] cont9u$ ?ree days & ?ree nights &
 :5 he awoke he said to 8 gr&mo!r3  ,i  
am go+ away to enli/ all nations 9 my   
fight4  ,& /raightway he dep>t$4  7,"h !
 boy's travels are relat$ ) _m          
circum/ances conc]n+ ! way he 0 receiv$ 

by ! p1 all giv5 9 a s]ies (            
conv]sations1 v l5g?y2 s !y w be        
omitt$47 p[ell-canyons-#ahi4;jpg        
,,t]race ,,fireplace ,,& ,,*imney ,,(   
,,%umopavi4  #cjf  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!    
,,colorado4  ,f9ally he return$ 9       
advance ( ! p :om he _h enli/$1 br++ )  
him ,%9au'av1 ! ,wolf1 & ,togo'av1 !    
,rattlesnake4 ,:5 ! ?ree _h eat5 food1 !
 boy said to ! old woman3  ,gr&mo!r1 cut
 me 9 two6  ,b %e demurr$1 say+ %e did n
 wi% to kill "o :om %e lov$ s de>ly4    
,cut me 9 two6 dem&$ ! boy2 & he gave h]
 a /one ax1 :i* he _h br\ght f a di/ant 
c\ntry1 & ) a mann] ( great au?ority he 
aga9 comm&$ h] to cut him 9 two4 ,s %e  
p[ell-canyons-#aij4;jpg  ,a ,,sweat     
,,h\se4  /ood be=e him & sev]$ him 9    
twa9 & fl$ 9 t]ror4 ,& lo6 ea* "p took !
 =m ( an entire man1 & ! "o beautiful   
boy appe>$ z two1 & !y 7 s mu* alike no 
"o c\ld tell !m ap>t4  ,:5 ! p or       
natives :om ! boy _h enli/$ came p\r+   
into ! camp1 ,%9au'av & ,togo'av 7      
engag$ 9 tell+ !m ( ! wond]ful ?+ t _h  

happ5$ to ! boy1 & t n[ !re 7 two2 & !y 
all held x to be an augury ( a          
successful exp$ition to ! l& ( ,/one    
,%irt4 ,& !y />t$ on _! j\rney4  ,,!    
,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et          
,,m\nta9s4 #cjg  ,n[ ! boy _h be5 told 9
 ! dream ( 8 ?ree days' slumb]1 ( a     
magical cup1 & he _h br\ght x home ) him
 f 8 j\rney among ! nations1 & ! ,s'kus 
,wai'unats c>ri$ x betwe5 !m1 fill$ )   
wat]4 ,%9au'av walk$ on _! "r & ,togo'av
 on _! left1 & ! nations foll[$ 9 ! ord]
 9 :i* !y _h be5 enli/$4 ,!re 0 a va/   
numb] ( !m1 s t :5 !y 7 /ret*$ out 9 l9e
 x 0 "o day's j\rney f ! front to ! re> 
( ! column4  ,:5 !y _h j\rney$ two days 
& 7 f> out on ! des]t1 all ! p ?ir/$1 = 
!y f\nd no wat]1 & !y fell d[n ^u ! s&  
groan+ & murmur+ t !y _h be5 deceiv$1 & 
!y curs$ ! ,"o-,two4  ,b ! ,s'kus       
,wai'unats _h be5 told 9 ! wond]ful     
dream ( ! suff]+ :i* w\ld be endur$1 & t
 ! wat] :i* !y c>ri$ 9 ! cup 0 to be us$
 only 9 dire necessity2 & ! bro!rs said 
to ea* o!r3  ,n[ ! "t has come = u to   

dr9k ! wat]4  ,& :5 "o _h quaff$ ( !    
magical b[l1 he f\nd x /ill full2 & he  
gave x to ! o!r to dr9k1 & /ill x 0     
full2 & ! ,"o-,two gave x to ! p1 & "o  
aft] ano!r did !y all dr9k1 & /ill ! cup
 0 full to ! brim4  ,b ,%9au'av 0 dead1 
& all ! p m\rn$1 = he 0 a great man4 ,! 
bro!rs held ! cup ov] him & spr9kl$ him 
) wat]1 :5 he arose & said3  ,:y d y    
di/urb me8 ,i did h a vision ( m\nta9   
brooks & mead[s1 ( cane :]e honey dew 0 
pl5ty4  ,!y gave him ! cup & he drank   
also2 b :5 he _h f9i%$ !re 0 none left4 
,refre%$ & rejoic+1 !y proce$$ on _!    
j\rney4  ,! next day1 be+ )\t food1 !y 7
 hungry1 & all 7 ab\t to p]i%2 & aga9 !y
 murmur$ at ! bro!rs & curs$ !m4 ,b !   
,s'kus ,wai'unats saw 9 ! di/ance an    
antelope1 /&+ on an em95ce 9 ! pla91 9  
bold relief aga9/ ! sky2 & ,%9au'av knew
 x 0 ! wond]ful antelope ) _m eyes :i*  
,/one ,%irt kept = 8 wat*man2 & he      
propos$ to g & kill x1 b ,togo'av       
demurr$ & said3  #cjh ,,canyons ,,( ,,! 
,,colorado4  ,x 7 bett] t ,i %\ld g1 =  

he w see y & run away4  ,b ! ,s'kus     
,wai'unats told ,%9au'av to g2 & he />t$
 9 a direction away to ! left ( :]e !   
antelope 0 /&+1 t he might make a long  
det\r ab\t "s hills & come ^u him f !   
o!r side4  ,togo'av w5t a little way f  
camp & call$ to ! bro!rs3  ,d y see me6 
,!y answ]$ !y did n4  ,hunt = me4  ,:ile
 !y 7 hunt+ = him1 ! ,rattlesnake said3 
,i c see y2 y are do+ s & s1 tell+ !m   
:at !y 7 do+2 b !y c\ld n f9d him4  ,!n 
! ,rattlesnake came =? decl>+3  ,n[ y "k
 t :5 ,i s desire ,i c see o!rs & ,i _c 
be se54 ,%9au'av _c kill t antelope1 =  
he has _m eyes1 & is ! wond]ful wat*man 
( ,/one ,%irt2 b ,i c kill him1 = ,i c g
 :]e he is & he _c see me4  ,s ! bro!rs 
7 conv9c$ & p]mitt$ him to g2 & ,togo'av
 w5t & kill$ ! antelope4 ,:5 ,%9au'av   
saw x fall1 he 0 v angry1 = he 0        
extremely pr\d ( 8 fame z a hunt] &     
anxi\s to h ! honor ( kill+ ?is fam\s   
antelope1 & he ran up ) ! int5tion (    
kill+ ,togo'av2 b :5 he drew ne> & saw !
 antelope 0 fat & w\ld make a ri* fea/ =

 ! p1 8 ang] 0 appeas$4  ,:at matt]s x1 
said he1 :o kills ! game1 :5 we c all   
eat x8  ,s all ! p 7 f$ 9 abundance & !y
 proce$$ on _! j\rney4  ,! next day ! p 
aga9 suff]$ = wat]1 & ! magical cup 0   
empty2 b ! ,s'kus ,wai'unats1 hav+ be5  
told 9 _! dream :at to d1 trans=m$      
!mselves into doves & flew away to a    
lake1 on ! m>g9 ( :i* 0 ! home ( ,/one  
,%irt4  ,com+ ne> to ! %ore1 !y saw two 
maid5s ba?+ 9 ! wat]2 & ! birds /ood &  
look$1 = ! maid5s 7 v beautiful4 ,!n !y 
flew into "s bu%es ne> by1 to h a ne>]  
view1 & 7 caught 9 a sn>e :i* ! girls _h
 plac$ = intrusive birds4  ,,! ,,rio    
,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4     
#cji  ,! beautiful maid5s came up &1    
tak+ ! birds out ( ! sn>e1 admir$ !m v  
mu*1 = !y _h nev] se5 su* birds be=e4   
,!y c>ri$ !m to _! fa!r1 ,/one ,%irt1 :o
 said3  ,my daught]s1 ,i v mu* fe> ^!   
are spies f my enemies1 = su* birds d n 
live 9 our l&4  ,he 0 ab\t to ?r[ !m    
into ! fire1 :5 ! maid5s bes\ght him1 ) 
te>s1 t he w\ld n de/roy _! beautiful   

birds2 b he yield$ to _! entreaties )   
mu* misgiv+4 ,!n !y took ! birds to !   
%ore ( ! lake & set !m free4  ,:5 !     
birds 7 at lib]ty once m !y flew ar\nd  
among ! bu%es until !y f\nd ! magical   
cup :i* !y _h lo/1 & tak+ x up !y c>ri$ 
x out into ! middle ( ! lake & settl$   
d[n ^u ! wat]1 & ! maid5s suppos$ !y 7  
dr[n$4 p[ell-canyons-#aia4;jpg  ,,an    
,,int]ior ,,lodge4  ,! birds1 :5 !y _h  
fill$ _! cup1 rose aga9 & w5t back to ! 
p 9 ! des]t1 :]e !y arriv$ j at ! "r "t 
to save !m ) ! cup ( wat]1 f :i* ea*    
drank2 & yet x 0 full until ! la/ 0     
satisfi$1 & !n n a drop rema9$4  ,!     
bro!rs report$ t !y _h se5 ,/one ,%irt &
 8 daught]s4  #caj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!   
,,colorado4 p[ell-canyons-#aib4;jpg     
,,halv$ ,,& ,,p9n$ ,,trapdoor ,,frame   
,,( ,,zu,i ,,kiva4  ,! next day !y came 
ne> to ! home ( ! enemy1 & ! bro!rs1 9  
prop] p]son1 w5t out to reconnoit]4     
,see+ a woman glean+ se$s1 !y drew ne>1 
& knew x 0 _! "m1 :om ,/one ,%irt _h    
/ol5 f ,sikor'1 ! ,crane4 ,!y told h] !y

 7 h] sons1 b %e d5i$ x & said %e _h    
nev] _h b "o son2 b ! boys relat$ to h] 
_! hi/ory1 ) ! orig9 ( ! two f "o1 & %e 
0 conv9c$4 ,%e tri$ to dissuade !m f    
mak+ w> ^u ,/one ,%irt1 & told !m t no  
arr[ c\ld possibly p5etrate 8 armor1 & t
 he 0 a great w>rior & _h no o!r delight
 ?an 9 kill+ 8 enemies1 & t 8 daught]s  
also 7 furni%$ ) magical b[s & arr[s1   
:i* !y c\ld %oot s fa/ t ! arr[s w\ld   
fill ! air l a cl\d1 & t x 0 n necess>y 
= !m to take aim1 = _! missiles w5t :]e 
!y will$2 !y ?\ght ! arr[s to ! he>ts ( 
_! enemies2 & ?us ! maid5s c\ld kill !  
:ole ( ! p be=e a common arr[ c\ld be   
%ot by a common p]son4 ,b ! boys told h]
 :at ! _s _h said 9 ! long dream & t x  
_h promis$ t ,/one ,%irt %\ld be kill$4 
,!y told h] to g d[n to ! lake at dawn1 
s z n to be endang]$ by ! battle4  ,dur+
 ! night ! ,s'kus ,wai'unats trans=m$   
!mselves into mice & proce$$ to ! home (
 ,/one ,%irt & f\nd ! magical b[s &     
arr[s t belong$ to ! maid5s1 & ) _! %>p 
tee? !y cut ! s9ew on ! backs ( ! b[s & 

nibbl$ ! b[ /r+s1 s t !y 7 wor?less4    
,togo'av hid himself "u a rock ne> by4  
,:5 dawn came into ! sky1               
,tumpw9ai'ro-gw9ump1 ! ,/one ,%irt man1 
arose & walk$ out ( 8 t5t1 exult+       
p[ell-canyons-#aic4;jpg  ,,wood5 ,,pivot
 ,,h+es ,,( ,a ,,zu ,,door4  ,,! ,,rio  
,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4 #caa
  9 8 /r5g? & security1 & sat d[n ^u !  
rock "u :i* ,togo'av 0 hid+2 & he1 see+ 
8 opportunity1 sank 8 fangs into ! fle% 
( ! h]o4 ,/one ,%irt sprang high into ! 
air & call$ to 8 daught]s t !y 7 betray$
 & t ! enemy 0 ne>2 & !y seiz$ _!       
magical b[s & _! quiv]s fill$ ) magical 
arr[s & hurri$ to 8 def5se4 ,at ! same  
"t1 all ! nations :o 7 surr\nd+ ! camp  
ru%$ d[n to battle4 ,b ! beautiful      
maid5s1 f9d+ _! weapons 7 de/roy$1 wav$ 
back _! enemies1 z if !y w\ld p>ley2 &  
/&+ = a few mom5ts ov] ! body ( _! sla9 
fa!r1 sang ! dea? song & danc$ ! dea?   
dance1 :irl+ 9 giddy circles ab\t ! dead
 h]o & wail+ ) despair1 until !y sank   
d[n & expir$4  ,! conqu]ors buri$ !     

maid5s by ! %ores ( ! lake2 b           
,tumpw9ai'rogw9ump 0 left to rot & 8    
bones to blea* on ! s&s1 z he _h left   
,sikor'4  ,!re is ?is prov]b among !    
,utes3 ,d n murmur :5 y suff] 9 do+ :at 
! spirits h comm&$1 = a cup ( wat] is   
provid$2 & ano!r3 ,:at matt]s x :o kills
 ! game1 :5 we c all eat ( x8  ,x is    
long aft] midnight :5 ! p]=mance is     
end$4 ,! /ory itself is int]e/+1 ?\gh ,i
 _h he>d x _m times be=e2 b nev]1       
p]haps1 "u circum/ances m effective4    
,/ret*$ b5ea? tall1 somb] p9es2 a great 
camp fire2 by ! fire1 m51 old1 wr9kl$1 &
 ugly2 de=m$1 ble>-ey$1 wry-fac$ wom52  
li!1 /ately "y m52 pretty b simp]+      
maid5s1 nak$ *ildr51 all int5tly li/5+1 
or laugh+ & talk+ by turns1 _! /range   
faces & dusky =ms lit up ) ! gl>e ( !   
p9e-knot fire4 ,all ! circum/ances      
conspir$ to make x a sc5e /range &      
weird4 ,"o old man1 ! sorc]] or m$ic9e  
man ( ! tribe1 peculi>ly impress$ me4   
,n[ & !n he w\ld int]rupt ! play = !    
purpose ( correct+ ! speak]s or impress+

 ! moral ( ! /ory ) a /range dignity &  
impressiv5ess t seem$ to pass to ! v    
bord] ( ! ludicr\s2 yet at no "t did x  
make me smile4  ,! /ory is f9i%$1 b !re 
is yet "t = an h\r or two ( sleep4 ,i   
take ,*u>'ruumpeak to "o side = a talk4 
,! ?ree m5 :o left u 9 ! canyon la/ ye> 
f\nd _! way up ! lat]al gorge1 by :i*   
#cab  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  !y 
w5t into ! ,%i'wits ,m\nta9s1 ly+ we/ ( 
u1 :]e !y met ) ! ,indians & camp$ ) !m 
"o or two nights & 7 f9ally kill$4 ,i am
 anxi\s to le>n ! circum/ances1 & z ! p 
( ! tribe :o committ$ ! de$ live b a    
little way f ^! p & are intimate ) !m1  
,i ask ,*u>'ruumpeak to make inquiry =  
me4 ,!n we g to b$4  ,septemb]          
#ag4--;,e>ly ?is morn+ ! ,indians come  
up to our camp4 p[ell-canyons-#aid4;jpg 
,a ,,p\ltry ,,h\se ,,( ,,si*umovi       
,,resembl+ ,,an ,,ov54  ,!y h conclud$  
to s5d out a "y man aft] ! ,%i'vwits4 ,!
 runn] fixes 8 moccas9s1 puts "s food 9 
a sack & wat] 9 a little wick]work jug1 
/raps !m on 8 back1 & />ts at a good    

r\nd pace4  ,we h conclud$ to g d[n !   
canyon1 hop+ to meet ! ,%i'vwits on our 
return4 ,soon we are ready to />t1 leav+
 ! camp & pack animals 9 *>ge ( ! two   
,indians :o came ) u4 ,z we move out our
 new guide comes up1 a ble>-ey$1        
weaz5-fac$1 quiet old man1 ) 8 b[ &     
arr[s 9 "o h& & a small cane 9 ! o!r4   
,^! ,indians all c>ry canes ) a crook$  
h&le1 !y say to kill rattlesnakes & to  
pull rabbits f _! holes4 ,! valley is   
high up 9 ! m\nta9 & we desc5d f x by a 
rocky1 precipit\s trail1 d[n1 d[n1 d[n =
 two long1 we>y h\rs1 lead+ our ponies &
 /umbl+ ov] ! rocks4 ,at la/ we are at !
 foot ( ! m\nta91 /&+ on a little knoll1
 f :i* we c look into a canyon bel[4    
,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et      
,,m\nta9s4 #cac  ,into ?is we desc5d1 & 
!n we foll[ x = miles1 clamb]+ d[n &    
/ill d[n4 ,(t5 we cross b$s ( lava1 t h 
be5 p\r$ into ! canyon by lat]al        
*annels1 & ^! angul> fragm5ts ( basalt  
make ! way v r\gh = ! animals4  ,ab\t   
two o'clock ! guide halts u ) 8 w&1 &1  

spr++ ov] ! rocks1 he is lo/ 9 a gul*4  
,9 a few m9utes he returns1 & tells u   
!re is a little wat] bel[ 9 a pocket4 ,x
 is vile & our ponies refuse to dr9k x4 
,we pass on1 /ill desc5d+4 ,a mile or   
two f ! wat] bas9 we come to a precipice
 m ?an #a1jjj feet to ! bottom4 ,!re is 
a canyon runn+ at a great] dep? & at "r 
angles to ?is1 into :i* ?is ent]s by !  
precipice2 & ?is second canyon is a     
lat]al "o to ! great] "o1 9 ! bottom (  
:i* we are to f9d ! riv]4 ,se>*+ ab\t1  
we f9d a way by :i* we c desc5d along ! 
%elves & /eps & piles ( brok5 rocks4    
,we />t1 lead+ our ponies2 a wall ^u our
 left2 unkn[n dep?s on our "r4 ,at      
places our way is along %elves s n>r[ or
 s slop+ t ,i a*e ) fe> le/ a pony %\ld 
make a mis/ep & knock a man ov] ! cliffs
 ) him4 ,n[ & !n we />t ! loose rocks "u
 our feet1 & ov] ! cliffs !y g1 ?und]+  
d[n1 d[n1 ! e*oes roll+ ?r\gh di/ant    
canyons4 ,at la/ we pass along a level  
%elf = "s di/ance1 !n we turn to ! "r & 
zigzag d[n a /eep slope to ! bottom4 ,n[

 we pass along ?is l[] canyon = two or  
?ree miles1 to :]e x t]m9ates 9 ! ,gr&  
,canyon1 z ! o!r end$ 9 ?is1 only ! riv]
 is #a1hjj feet bel[ u1 & x seems at ?is
 di/ance to be b a creek4 ,our )]$      
guide1 ! human pickle1 seats himself on 
a rock & seems wond]fully amus$ at our  
discomfiture1 = we c see no way by :i*  
to desc5d to ! riv]4 ,aft] "s m9utes he 
quietly rises &1 beckon+ u to foll[1    
po9ts out a n>r[ slop+ %elf on ! "r1 &  
?is is to be our way4 ,x leads along !  
cliff = half a mile to a wid] b5*       
beyond1 :i*1 he says1 is brok5 d[n on ! 
o!r side 9 a great slide1 & !re we c get
 to ! riv]4 ,s we />t out on ! %elf2 x  
is s /eep we c h>dly /& on x1 & to fall 
or slip is to g--don't look to see6  ,x 
is soon manife/ t we _c get ! ponies    
along ! l$ge4 ,! /orms h wa%$ x d[n s9ce
 our guide 0 "h la/1 ye>s ago4 ,"o ( !  
ponies has gone s f> t we _c turn him   
back until we  #cad  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!  
,,colorado4  f9d a wid] place1 b at la/ 
we get him (f4 ,) "p ( ! m51 ,i take !  

horses back to ! place :]e !re are a few
 bu%es gr[+ & turn !m loose2 9 !        
meantime ! o!r m5 are look+ = "s way by 
:i* we c get d[n to ! riv]4 ,:5 ,i      
return1 "o1 ,capta9 ,bi%op1 has f\nd a  
way & gone d[n4 ,we pack bread1 c(fee1  
sug>1 & two or ?ree blankets among u1 & 
set out4 ,x is n[ ne>ly d>k1 & we _c f9d
 ! way by :i* ! capta9                  
p[ell-canyons-#aie4;jpg  ,,! ,,human    
,,pickle4  w5t1 & an h\r is sp5t 9      
fruitless se>*4 ,two ( ! m5 g away ar\nd
 an amphi!at]1 m ?an a f\r? ( a mile1 & 
/>t d[n a brok5 *asm t faces u :o are   
beh9d4 ,^! walls1 t are v]tical1 or     
ne>ly s1 are (t5 cut by *asms1 :]e !    
%[]s run d[n1  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,!
 ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4 #cae  & ! top ( ^! 
*asms w be back a di/ance f ! face ( !  
wall1 & ! b$ ( ! *asm w slope d[n1 ) "h 
& !re a fall4 ,at o!r places huge rocks 
h fall5 & block ! way4 ,d[n su* a "o !  
two m5 />t4 ,!re is a curi\s plant gr[+ 
out f ! crevices ( ! rock4 ,a doz5 /ems 
w />t f "o root & gr[ to ! l5g? ( eight 

or t5 feet & n ?r[ out a bran* or twig1 
b ^! /ems are ?ickly cov]$ ) leaves4 ,n[
 & !n ! two m5 come to a bun* ( dead    
/ems & make a fire to m>k = u _! way &  
progress4  ,9 ! meantime we f9d su* a   
gul* & />t d[n1 b soon come to !        
jump+-(f place1 :]e we c ?r[ a /one &   
fa9tly he> x /rike1 away bel[4 ,we fe> t
 we %all h to /ay "h1 cl++ to ! rocks   
until daylight4 ,our little ,indian     
ga!rs a few dry /ems1 ties !m into a    
bundle1 lights "o end1 & holds x up4 ,! 
o!rs d ! same1 & ) ^! tor*es we f9d a   
way out ( tr\ble4 ,help+ ea* o!r1 hold+ 
tor*es = ea* o!r1 "o cl++ to ano!r's h& 
until we c get foot+1 !n support+ ! o!r 
on 8 %\ld]s1 ?us we make our passage    
into ! dep?s ( ! canyon4  ,& n[ ,capta9 
,bi%op has k9dl$ a huge fire ( driftwood
 on ! bank ( ! riv]4 ,?is & ! fires 9 ! 
gul* opposite & our own flam+ tor*es    
light up little pat*es t make m manife/ 
! awful d>kness bel[4 ,/ill1 on we g =  
an h\r or two1 & at la/ we see ,capta9  
,bi%op com+ up ! gul* ) a huge tor*light

 on 8 %\ld]s4 ,he looks l a fi5d1 wav+  
br&s & light+ ! fires ( hell1 & ! m5 9 !
 opposite gul* are imps1 light+ delusive
 fires 9 inaccessible crevices1 ov]     
yawn+ *asms2 our own little ,indian is  
surely ! k+ ( wiz>ds1 s ,i ?9k1 z ,i /op
 = a few mom5ts on a rock to re/4 ,at   
la/ we meet ,capta9 ,bi%op1 ) 8 flam+   
tor*1 & z he has le>n$ ! way he soon    
pilots u to ! side ( ! great ,colorado4 
,we are a?ir/ & hungry1 almo/ to        
/>vation4 ,"h we lie d[n on ! rocks &   
dr9k1 j a m\?ful or s1 z we d>e2 !n we  
make a cup ( c(fee1 & spread+ our       
blankets on a s& bea* ! ro>+ ,colorado  
lulls u to sleep4  ,septemb] #ah4--,we  
are 9 ! ,gr& ,canyon1 by ! side ( !     
,colorado1 m ?an #f1jjj feet bel[ our   
camp on ! m\nta9 side1 :i* is #ah miles 
away2 b ! miles ( horizontal di/ance    
repres5t b  #caf ,,canyons ,,( ,,!      
,,colorado4  a small "p ( ! day's labor 
be=e u4 ,x is ! mile ( altitude we mu/  
ga9 t makes x a ,h]culean task4 ,we are 
up e>ly2 a little bread & c(fee1 & we   

look ab\t u4 ,our conclusion is t we c  
make ?is a depot ( supplies1 %\ld x be  
necess>y2 t we c pack our rations to !  
po9t :]e we left our animals la/ night1 
& t we c employ ,indians to br+ !m d[n  
to ! wat]'s edge4  ,on a broad %elf we  
f9d ! ru9s ( an old /one h\se1 ! walls (
 :i* are brok5 d[n1 & we c see :]e !    
anci5t p :o liv$ "h--a race m highly    
civiliz$ ?an ! pres5t--_h made a g>d5 & 
us$ a great spr+ t comes out ( ! rocks =
 irrigation4 ,on "s rocks ne> by we     
discov] "s curi\s et*+s4 ,/ill se>*+    
ab\t1 we f9d an obscure trail up !      
canyon wall1 m>k$ "h & !re by /eps :i* h
 be5 built 9 ! loose rock1 else:]e hewn 
/airways1 & we f9d a mu* easi] way to g 
up ?an t by :i* we came d[n 9 ! d>kness 
la/ night4 ,com+ to ! top ( ! wall1 we  
cat* our horses & />t4 ,up ! canyon our 
jad$ ponies toil & we rea* ! second     
cliff2 up ?is we g1 by easy /ages1 lead+
 ! animals4 ,n[ we rea* ! (f5sive wat]  
pocket2 our ponies h _h no wat] = ?irty 
h\rs1 & are eag] ev5 = ?is f\l fluid4   

,we c>efully /ra9 a kettleful =         
ourselves1 !n divide :at is left betwe5 
!m--two or ?ree gallons = ea*2 b x does 
n satisfy !m1 & !y rage ar\nd1 refus+ to
 eat ! scanty grass4 ,we boil our kettle
 ( wat]1 & skim x2 /ra9+1 boil+1 &      
skimm+ make x a little bett]1 = x 0 full
 ( loa?some1 wriggl+ l>vae1 ) huge black
 heads4 ,b pl5ty ( c(fee takes away !   
bad smell1 & s modifies ! ta/e t mo/ ( u
 c dr9k1 ?\gh our little ,indian seems  
to pref] ! orig9al mixture4 ,we rea*    
camp ab\t sunset1 & are glad to re/4    
,septemb] #ai4--,we are tir$ & sore1 &  
mu/ re/ a day ) our ,indian neighbors4  
,dur+ ! inclem5t season !y live 9 %elt]s
 made ( b\ghs or ! b>k ( ! c$>1 :i* !y  
/rip (f 9 long %r$s4 ,9 ?is climate1 mo/
 ( ! ye> is dry & w>m1 & dur+ su* "t !y 
d n c>e = %elt]4 ,cle>+ a small1 circul>
 space ( gr\nd1 !y bank x ar\nd ) bru% &
 s&1 & wall[ 9 x dur+ ! day & huddle    
toge!r 9 a heap at night--m51 wom51     
#cag p[ell-canyons-#aif4;jpg  ,,rec5t   
,,lava ,,fl[ ,,on ,,! ,,u9k>et4         

p[ell-canyons-#aig4;jpg  ,a ,,zu,i      
,,w9d[ ,,glaz$ ,,) ,,sel5ite4  #cah     
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  & *ildr52
 bucksk91 rags1 & s&4 ,!y we> v little  
clo?+1 n ne$+ mu* 9 ?is lovely climate4 
,altoge!r1 ^! ,indians are m ne>ly 9 _! 
primitive condition ?an any o!rs on !   
cont95t ) :om ,i am acqua9t$4 ,!y h nev]
 receiv$ any?+ f ! gov]nm5t & are too   
poor to tempt ! trad]1 & _! c\ntry is s 
ne>ly inaccessible t ! :ite man nev]    
visits !m4 ,! sunny m\nta9 side is cov]$
 )3 wild fruits1 nuts1 & native gra9s1  
^u :i* !y subsi/4 ,! oose1 ! fruit ( !  
yucca1 or ,spani% bayonet1 is ri*1 & n  
unlike ! pawpaw ( ! valley ( ! ,ohio4   
,!y eat x raw & also roa/ x 9 ! a%es4   
,!y ga!r ! fruits ( a cactus plant1 :i* 
are ri* & lusci\s1 & eat !m z grapes or 
express ! juice f !m1 mak+ ! dry pulp   
into cakes & sav+ !m = w9t] & dr9k+ !   
w9e ab\t _! camp fires until ! midnight 
is m]ry ) _! revelries4  ,!y ga!r ! se$s
 ( _m plants1 z sunfl[]s1 gold5-rod1 &  
grasses4 ,= ?is purpose !y h l>ge       

conical baskets1 :i* hold two or m      
bu%els4 ,! wom5 c>ry !m on _! backs1    
susp5d$ f _! =eheads by broad /raps1 & )
 a small] "o 9 ! left h& & a will[-wov5 
fan 9 ! "r !y walk among ! grasses &    
sweep ! se$ into ! small] basket1 :i* is
 empti$ n[ & !n into ! l>g]1 until x is 
full ( se$s & *aff2 !n !y w9n[ out !    
*aff & roa/ ! se$s4 ,!y roa/ ^!         
curi\sly2 !y put se$s & a quantity (    
r$-hot coals into a will[ tray &1 by    
rapidly & dext]\sly %ak+ & toss+ !m1    
keep ! coals agl[ & ! se$s & tray f     
burn+4 ,s skill$ are ! crones 9 ?is "w  
!y roll ! se$s to "o side ( ! tray z !y 
are roa/$ & ! coals to ! o!r z if by    
magic4  ,!n !y gr9d ! se$s into a f9e   
fl\r & make x into cakes & mu%4 ,x is a 
m]ry sight1 sometimes1 to see ! wom5    
gr9d+ at !  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,!   
,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4  #cai  mill4 ,= a   
mill1 !y use a l>ge flat rock1 ly+ on ! 
gr\nd1 & ano!r small cyl9drical "o 9 _! 
h&s4 ,!y sit prone on ! gr\nd1 hold !   
l>ge flat rock betwe5 ! feet & legs1 !n 

fill _! laps ) se$s1 mak+ a hopp] to !  
mill ) _! dusky legs1 & gr9d by pu%+ !  
se$s across ! l>g] rock1 :]e !y drop    
into a tray4 ,i h se5 a gr\p ( wom5     
gr9d+ toge!r1 keep+ "t to a *ant1 or    
gossip+ & *att+1 :ile ! y\ng] lassies   
w\ld je/ & *att] & make ! p9e woods m]ry
 ) _! laught]4  ,mo!rs c>ry _! babes    
curi\sly 9 baskets4 ,!y make a wick]    
bo>d by plait+ will[s & sew a bucksk9   
clo? to ei!r edge1 & ?is is full$ 9 !   
middle s z to =m a sack clos$ at !      
bottom4 ,at ! top !y make a wick] %ade1 
l my gr&mo!r's sunbonnet1 & wrapp+ !    
little "o 9 a wild-cat robe1 place x 9 !
 basket1 & ?is !y c>ry on _! backs1     
/rapp$ ov] ! =ehead1 & ! little br[n    
midgets are ev] pe]+ ov] _! mo!rs'      
%\ld]s4 ,9 camp1 !y /& ! basket aga9/ ! 
trunk ( a tree or hang x to a limb4     
,!re is little game 9 ! c\ntry1 yet !y  
get a m\nta9 %eep n[ & !n or a de]1 ) _!
 arr[s1 = !y are n yet suppli$ ) guns4  
,!y get _m rabbits1 sometimes ) arr[s1  
sometimes ) nets4 ,!y make a net ( tw9e1

 made ( ! fib]s ( a native flax4        
,sometimes ?is is made a hundr$ y>ds 9  
l5g?1 & is plac$ 9 a half-circul>       
position1 ) w+s ( sage bru%4 ,!n !y h a 
circle hunt1 & drive great numb]s (     
rabbits into ! sn>e1 :]e !y are %ot )   
arr[s4 ,mo/ ( _! b[s are made ( c$>1 b !
 be/ are made ( ! horns ( m\nta9 %eep4  
,^! are soak$ 9 wat] until q s(t1 cut   
into long ?9 /rips1 & glu$ toge!r2 !y   
are !n q ela/ic4 ,dur+ ! autumn1        
gras%opp]s are v abundant1 c be ga!r$ by
 ! bu%el4 ,at su* a "t1 !y dig a hole 9 
! s&1 heat /ones 9 a fire ne> by1 put "s
 hot /ones 9 ! bottom ( ! hole1 put on a
 lay] ( gras%opp]s1 !n a lay] ( hot     
/ones1 & cont9ue ?is1 until !y put      
bu%els on to roa/4 ,!re !y are4         
p[ell-canyons-#aih4;jpg  ,a ,,zu ,,*air4
  ,:5 cold wea!r sets 91 ^! insects are 
numb$ &  #cbj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!        
,,colorado4 p[ell-canyons-#aii4;jpg     
,,an ,,anci5t ,,circul> ,,doorway ,,or  
,,/one ,,close ,,9 ,,k9-,,tiel4  left   
until cool1 :5 !y are tak5 out1 ?or\ghly

 dri$1 & gr\nd into meal4 ,gras%opp]    
gruel or gras%opp] cake is a great      
treat4  ,_! lore consi/s ( a mass (     
traditions1 or my?ology4 ,x is v        
difficult to induce !m to tell x to :ite
 m52 b ! old ,spani% prie/s1 9 ! days ( 
! conque/ ( ,new ,mexico1 spread among !
 ,indians ( ?is c\ntry _m ,bible /ories1
 :i* ! ,indians are usually will+ to    
tell4 ,x is n always easy to recognize  
!m2 ! ,indian m9d is a /range receptacle
 = su* /ories & !y are apt to spr\t new 
limbs4 ,maybe mu* ( _! add$ qua9t-ness  
is due to ! way 9 :i* !y 7 told by !    
fa!rs4 ,b 9 a confid5tial way1 :ile     
alone1 or :5 admitt$ to _! camp fire on 
a w9t] night1 "o may he> ! /ories ( _!  
my?ology4 ,i believe t ! greate/ m>k (  
fri5d%ip or confid5ce t an ,indian c    
give is to tell y 8 religion4 ,aft] "o  
has s talk$ ) me ,i %\ld ev] tru/ him2 &
 ,i feel on v good t]ms ) ^! ,indians   
s9ce our exp]i5ce ( ! o!r night4  ,a k (
 ! wat]+ places & ( ! trails & passes is
 consid]$ ( great importance & is       

necess>y to give /&+ to a *ief4  ,?is   
ev5+1 ! ,%i'vwits1 = :om we h s5t1 come 
91 & aft] supp] we hold a long c\ncil4  
,a blaz+ fire is built1 & ar\nd ?is we  
sit--! ,indians liv+ "h1 ! ,%i'vwits1   
,jacob ,hambl91 & myself4  ,?is man1    
,hambl91 speaks _! language well & has a
 great influ5ce ov] all ! ,indians 9 !  
region r\nd ab\t4 ,he is a sil5t1 res]v$
 man1 & :5 he speaks x is 9 a sl[1 quiet
 way t inspires great awe4 ,8 talk is s 
l[ t !y mu/ li/5 att5tively to he>1 & !y
 sit ar\nd him 9 dea?like sil5ce4 ,:5 he
 f9i%es a p[ell-canyons-#bjj4;jpg  ,a   
,,gam+ ,,r+4  ,,! ,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,! 
,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4 #cba  measur$ s5t5ce
 ! *ief repeats x & !y all give a solemn
 grunt4 ,b1 fir/1 ,i fill my pipe1 light
 x1 & take a few :iffs1 !n pass x to    
,hambl92 he smokes1 & gives x to ! man  
next1 & s x goes ar\nd4 ,:5 x has pass$ 
! *ief1 he takes out 8 own pipe1 fills &
 lights x1 & passes x ar\nd aft] m9e4 ,i
 c smoke my own pipe 9 turn1 b :5 !     
,indian pipe comes ar\nd1 ,i am         

nonplus$4 ,x has a l>ge /em1 :i* has at 
"s "t be5 brok51 & n[ !re is a bucksk9  
rag w\nd ar\nd x & ti$ ) s9ew1 s t ! end
 ( ! /em is a huge m\?ful1 exce$+ly     
repulsive4 ,to ga9 "t1 ,i refill x1 !n  
engage 9 v e>ne/ conv]sation1 &1 all    
unaw>es1 ,i pass x to my neighbor       
unlight$4  ,i tell ! ,indians t ,i wi%  
to sp5d "s mon?s 9 _! c\ntry dur+ ! com+
 ye> & t ,i w\ld l !m to treat me z a   
fri5d4 ,i d n wi% to trade2 d n want _! 
l&s4 ,h]et(ore ,i h f\nd x v difficult  
to make ! natives und]/& my object1 b ! 
gravity ( ! ,mormon mission>y helps me  
mu*4 ,i tell !m t all ! great & good    
:ite m5 are anxi\s to "k v _m ?+s1 t !y 
sp5d mu* "t 9 le>n+1 & t ! greate/ man  
is he :o kn[s ! mo/2 t ! :ite m5 want to
 "k all ab\t ! m\nta9s & ! valleys1 !   
riv]s & ! canyons1 ! bea/s & birds &    
snakes4 ,!n ,i tell !m ( _m ,indian     
tribes1 & :]e !y live2 ( ! ,european    
nations2 ( ! ,*9ese1 ( ,africans1 & all 
! /range ?+s ab\t !m t come to my m9d4  
,i tell !m ( ! ocean1 ( great riv]s &   

high m\nta9s1 ( /range bea/s & birds4   
,at la/ ,i tell !m ,i wi% to le>n ab\t  
_! canyons & m\nta9s1 & ab\t !mselves1  
to tell o!r m5 at home2 & t ,i want to  
take pictures ( ev]y?+ & %[ !m to my    
fri5ds4 ,all ?is occupies mu* "t1 & !   
matt] & mann] make a deep impression4   
,!n _! *ief replies3 ,y\r talk is good1 
& we believe :at y say4 ,we believe 9   
,jacob1 & look ^u y z a fa!r4 ,:5 y are 
hungry1 y may h our game4 ,y may ga!r   
our sweet fruits4 ,we w give y food :5 y
 come to our l&4 ,we w %[ y ! spr+s & y 
may dr9k2 ! wat] is good4 ,we w be      
fri5ds & :5 y come we w be glad4 ,we w  
tell ! ,indians :o live on ! o!r side ( 
! great riv] t we h se5 ,ka'purats1 & t 
he is ! ,indians' fri5d4 ,we w tell !m  
he is ,jacob's  #cbb  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! 
,,colorado4  fri5d4 ,we are v poor4     
,look at our wom5 & *ildr52 !y are nak$4
 ,we h no horses2 we climb ! rocks & our
 feet are sore4 ,we live among rocks &  
!y yield little food & _m ?orns4 ,:5 !  
cold moons come1 our *ildr5 are hungry4 

,we h n mu* to give2 y mu/ n ?9k u mean4
 ,y are wise2 we h he>d y tell /range   
?+s4 ,we are ignorant4 ,la/ ye> we kill$
 ?ree :ite m54 ,bad m5 said !y 7 our    
enemies4 ,!y told great lies4 ,we ?\ght 
!m true4 ,wo 7 mad2 x made u big fools4 
,we are v sorry4 ,d n ?9k ( !m2 x is    
done2 let u be fri5ds4 ,we are          
ignorant--l little *ildr5 9 und]/&+     
comp>$ ) y4 ,:5 we d wrong1 d n y get   
mad & be l *ildr5 too4  ,:5 :ite m5 kill
 our p1 we kill !m4 ,!n !y kill m ( u4  
,x is n good4 ,we he> t ! :ite m5 are a 
great numb]4 ,:5 !y /op kill+ u1 !re w  
be no ,indian left to                   
p[ell-canyons-#bja4;jpg  ,,int]ior      
,,view ,,( ,a ,,tusayan ,,kiva4  ,,!    
,,rio ,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et          
,,m\nta9s4 #cbc  bury ! dead4 ,we love  
our c\ntry2 we "k n o!r l&s4 ,we he> t  
o!r l&s are bett]2 we d n "k4 ,! p9es s+
 & we are glad4 ,our *ildr5 play 9 ! w>m
 s&2 we he> !m s+ & are glad4 ,! se$s   
rip5 & we h to eat & we are glad4 ,we d 
n want _! good l&s2 we want our rocks & 

! great m\nta9s :]e our fa!rs liv$4 ,we 
are v poor2 we are v ignorant2 b we are 
v hone/4 ,y h horses & _m ?+s4 ,y are v 
wise2 y h a good he>t4 ,we w be fri5ds4 
,no?+ m h ,i to say4  ,ka'purats is ! "n
 by :i* ,i am kn[n among ! ,utes &      
,%o%ones1 mean+ arm (f4 ,!re 0 mu* m    
repetition ?an ,i h giv51 & mu*         
emphasis4 ,aft] ?is a few pres5ts 7     
giv51 we %ook h&s1 & ! c\ncil broke up4 
,mr4 ,hambl9 fell into conv]sation ) "o 
( ! m5 & held him until ! o!rs _h left1 
& !n le>n$ m ( ! p>ticul>s ( ! dea? ( ! 
?ree m54 ,!y came ^u ! ,indian village  
almo/ />v$ & exhau/$ ) fatigue4 ,!y 7   
suppli$ ) food & put on _! way to !     
settlem5ts4 ,%ortly aft] !y _h left1 an 
,indian f ! ea/ side ( ! ,colorado      
arriv$ at _! village & told !m ab\t a   
numb] ( m9]s hav+ kill$ a squaw 9 drunk5
 brawl1 & no d\bt ^! 7 ! m52 no p]son _h
 ev] come d[n ! canyon2 t 0 impossible2 
!y 7 try+ to hide _! guilt4 ,9 ?is way  
he work$ !m into a great rage4 ,!y      
foll[$1 surr\nd$ ! m5 9 ambu%1 & fill$  

!m full ( arr[s4  ,t night ,i slept 9   
peace1 al?\gh ^! murd]]s ( my m51 & _!  
fri5ds1 ! ,u9k>ets1 7 sleep+ n #ejj y>ds
 away4 ,:ile we 7 gone to ! canyon1 !   
pack tra9 & supplies1 en\gh to make an  
,indian ri* beyond 8 wilde/ dreams1 7   
all left 9 _! *>ge1 & 7 all safe2 n ev5 
a lump ( sug> 0 pilf]$ by ! *ildr54     
,septemb] #bj4--;,= sev]al days we h be5
 discuss+ ! relative m]its ( sev]al     
names = ^! m\nta9s4 ,! ,indians call !m 
,u9k>ets1 ! region ( p9es1 & we adopt ! 
"n4 ,! great m\nta9 we call ,m\nt       
,trumbull1 9 honor ( ! s5ator4 ,to-day !
 tra9 />ts back to ! canyon wat] pocket1
 :ile ,capta9 ,bi%op &  #cbd  ,,canyons 
,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ,i climb ,m\nt     
,trumbull4 ,on our way we pass ! po9t t 
0 ! la/ op5+ to ! volcano4  ,x seems b a
 few ye>s s9ce ! la/ flood ( fire swept 
! valley4 ,betwe5 two r\gh1 conical     
hills x p\r$1 & ran d[n ! valley to !   
foot ( a m\nta9 /&+ almo/ at ! l[] end1 
!n p>t$1 & ran on ei!r side ( ! m\nta94 
,?is la/ ov]fl[ is v pla9ly m>k$2 !re is

 soil1 ) trees & grass1 to ! v edge     
p[ell-canyons-#bjb4;jpg  ,,cave ,,lake  
,,9 ,,kanab ,,canyon4  ( x1 on a m      
anci5t b$4 ,! flood 01 ev]y:]e on its   
bord]1 f #aj to #bj feet 9 height1      
t]m9at+ abruptly & look+ l a wall f     
bel[4 ,on cool+1 x %att]$ into fragm5ts1
 b ^! are /ill 9 place & ! outl9es (    
/reams & waves c be se54 ,s  ,,! ,,rio  
,,virg5 ,,& ,,! ,,u9k>et ,,m\nta9s4 #cbe
  little "t has elaps$ s9ce x ran d[n t 
! elem5ts h n wea!r$ a soil1 & !re is   
sc>cely any vegetation on x1 b "h & !re 
a li*5 is f\nd4 ,& yet1 s long ago 0 x  
p\r$ f ! dep?s1 t :]e a%es & c9d]s h    
collect$ 9 a few places1 "s huge c$>s h 
gr[n4 ,ne> ! crat] ! froz5 waves ( black
 basalt are r5t ) deep fissures1        
transv]se to ! direction1 ( ! fl[4 ,!n  
we ride ?r\gh a c$> =e/ up a long asc5t1
 until we come to cliffs ( column>      
basalt4 ,"h we tie our horses & prep>e =
 a climb among ! columns4 ,?r\gh        
crevices we "w1 till at la/ we are on ! 
m\nta91 a ?\s& acres ( p9e laud spread  

out be=e u1 g5tly ris+ to ! o!r edge4   
,!re are two peaks on ! m\nta94 ,we walk
 two miles to ! foot ( ! "o look+ to be 
! highe/1 !n a long1 h>d climb to its   
summit4 ,:at a view is be=e u6 ,a vision
 ( glory6 ,peaks ( lava all ar\nd bel[  
u4 ,! ,v]milion ,cliffs to ! nor?1 ) _! 
spl5dor ( colors2 ! ,p9e ,valley        
,m\nta9s to ! nor?we/1 clo!d 9 mell[1   
p]spective haze2 unnam$ m\nta9s to !    
s\?we/1 t[]+ ov] canyons bottomless to  
my pe]+ gaze1 l *asms to nadir hell2 &  
away beyond1 ! ,san ,francisco ,m\nta9s1
 lift+ _! black heads into ! heav5s4 ,we
 f9d our way d[n ! m\nta91 rea*+ ! trail
 made by ! pack tra9 j at dusk1 & foll[ 
x ?r\gh ! d>k until we see ! camp       
fire--a welcome sight4  ,two days m1 &  
we are at ,pipe ,spr+2 "o day1 & we are 
at ,kanab4 ,eight miles above ! t[n is a
 canyon1 on ei!r side ( :i* is a gr\p ( 
lakes4 ,f\r ( ^! are 9 caves :]e ! sun  
nev] %9es4 ,by ! side ( "o ( ^! ,i sit1 
at my feet ! cry/al wat]s1 ( :i* ,i may 
dr9k at w4  #cbf p[ell-canyons-#bjc4;jpg

  ,,anci5t ,,pott]y ,,f ,,tusayan4  #cbg
  ,,*apt] ,,xiii4  ,,ov] ,,! ,,riv]4    
,,x ,,is our int5tion to explore a r\te 
f ,kanab to ! ,colorado ,riv] at ! m\? (
 ! ,p>ia1 &1 if successful 9 ?is        
und]tak+1 to cross ! riv] & proce$ to   
,tusayan1 & ultimately to ,santa ,fe1   
,new ,mexico4 ,we propose to build a    
flatboat = ! purpose ( f]ry+ ov] ! riv]1
 & h _h ! lumb] necess>y = t purpose    
haul$ f ,/4 ,george to ,kanab4 ,f "h to 
! m\? ( ! ,p>ia x mu/ be pack$ on !     
backs ( mules2 ,capta9 ,bi%op & ,mr4    
,graves are to take *>ge ( ?is "w1 :ile 
) ,mr4 ,hambl9 ,i explore ! ,kaibab     
,plateau4  ,septemb] #bd--,to-day we are
 ready = ! />t4 ,! mules are pack$ &    
away goes our tra9 ( lumb]1 rations1 &  
camp+ equipage4 ,! ,indian trail is at !
 foot ( ! ,v]milion ,cliffs4 ,pu%+ on to
 ! ea/ ) ,mr4 ,hambl9 = a c\ple ( h\rs 9
 ! e>ly morn+1 we rea* ! m\? ( a dry    
canyon1 :i* comes d[n ?r\gh ! cliffs4   
,in/ead ( a n>r[ canyon we f9d an op5   
valley f "o f\r? to "o half a mile 9    

wid?4 ,on r>e occasions a /ream fl[s d[n
 ?is valley1 b n[ s& dunes /ret* across 
x4 ,on ei!r side !re is a wall ( v]tical
 rock ( orange s&/one1 & "h & !re at !  
foot ( ! wall are f\nd spr+s t af=d     
sweet wat]4  ,we pu% our way f> up !    
valley to ! foot ( ! ,gray ,cliffs1 & by
 a long det\r f9d our way to ! summit4  
,"h aga9 we f9d t wond]ful sc5]y ( nak$ 
:ite rocks c>v$ into great r\nd bosses &
 domes4 ,look+ (f to ! nor? we c see    
v]milion & p9k cliffs1 cr[n$ ) =e/s1    
:ile bel[ u to ! s\? /ret* ! dunes &    
r$-l&s ( ! ,v]milion ,cliff region1 & f>
 away we c see ! opposite wall ( ! ,gr& 
,canyon4 ,9 ! middle ( !  #cbh #h       
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  aft]noon 
we desc5d into ! canyon valley &        
hurri$ly ride1 d[n to ! m\? ( ! canyon1 
!n foll[ ! trail ( ! pack tra91 = we are
 to camp ) ! p>ty to-night4 ,we f9d x at
 ! ,navajo ,well4 ,z we approa* 9 !     
d>kness ! camp fire is a *e]ful sight4  
,! ,navajo ,well is a pool 9 ! s&1 ! s&s
 !mselves ly+ 9 a bas91 ) nak$1 smoo?   

rocks all ab\t on :i* ! ra9s are caught 
& by :i* ! s& 9 ! bas9 is fill$ ) wat]1 
& by digg+ into ! s& ?is sweet wat] is  
f\nd4  ,septemb] #be4--;,at sunrise ,mr4
 ,hambl9 & ,i "p f ! tra9 once m1 tak+ )
 u ,*u>1 a *ief ( ! ,kaibabits1 = a trip
 to ! s\?1 = "o m view ( ! ,gr& ,canyon 
f ! summit ( ! ,kaibab ,plateau4 ,all   
day long our way is ov] r$ hills1 ) a   
bold l9e ( cliffs on our left4 ,a little
 aft] noon we rea* a great spr+1 & "h we
 are to camp = ! night1 = ! region      
beyond u is unkn[n & we wi% to ent] x ) 
a good day be=e u4 ,! ,indian goes out  
to hunt a rabbit = supp]1 & ,hambl9 & ,i
 climb ! cliffs4 ,f an elevation (      
#a1hjj feet above ! spr+ we wat* ! sun g
 d[n & see ! %e5 on ! ,v]milion ,cliffs 
& r$-l&s sl[ly fade into ! gloam+2 !n we
 desc5d to supp]4  ,septemb]            
#bf4--;,e>ly 9 ! morn+ we pass up a     
beautiful valley to ! s\? & turn we/w>d 
onto a great promontory1 f ! summit (   
:i* ! ,gr& ,canyon is 9 view4 ,its deep 
gorge c be se5 to ! we/w>d = #ej or #fj 

miles1 & to ! s\!a/w>d we look (f into !
 /up5d\s *asm1 ) its m>vel\s =ms &      
colors4  ,tw5ty-"o ye>s lat] ,i read ov]
 ! notes ( t day's exp]i5ce & ! picture 
( ! ,gr& ,canyon f ?is po9t is once m   
be=e me4 ,i did n "k :5 writ+ ! notes t 
?is 0 ! gr&e/ view t c be obta9$ ( !    
region f ,fremont's ,peak to ! ,gulf (  
,cali=nia1 b ,i did realize t ! sc5e    
be=e me 0 awful1 sublime1 &             
glori\s--awful 9 pr(\nd dep?s1 sublime 9
 massive & /range =ms1 & glori\s 9      
colors4 ,ye>s lat] ,i visit$ ! same spot
 ) my fri5d ,?omas ,moran4 ,f ?is _w (  
wond] he select$ a section :i* 0 ! mo/  
int]e/+ to him & pa9t$ x4 ,t pa9t+1 kn[n
 z ,! ,*asm ( ! ,colorado1 is 9 a hall 9
 ! ,s5ate w+ ( ! ,capitol ( ! ,unit$    
,/ates4 ,if any  #cbi                   
p[ell-canyons-#bjd4;jpg  ,,tusayan      
,,feti*es ,,& ,,implem5ts4  #ccj        
p[ell-canyons-#bje4;jpg  ,,tusayan      
,,basketry4  ,,ov] ,,! ,,riv]4 #cca  "o 
w look ^u t picture1 & !n realize t x 0 
b a small "p ( ! l&scape be=e u on ?is  

memorable #bf? day ( ,septemb]1 he w    
und]/& :y ,i suppress my notes          
descriptive ( ! sc5e4 ,! l&scape is too 
va/1 too complex1 too gr& = v]bal       
description4  ,we sleep ano!r night by !
 spr+ on ! summit ( ! ,kaibab1 & next   
day we g ar\nd to ,po9t ,sublime & !n   
pu% on to ! v v]ge ( ! ,kaibab1 :]e we c
 ov]look ! canyon at ! m\? ( ! ,little  
,colorado4 ,! day is a repetition ( !   
glori\s day be=e1 & at night we sleep   
aga9 at ! same spr+4 ,9 ! morn+ we turn 
to ! nor!a/ & desc5d f ,kaibab to ! back
 ( ,m>ble ,canyon & cross x at ! foot ( 
! ,v]milion ,cliffs1 & f9d our pack]s   
camp$ at ,jacob's ,pool1 :]e a spr+     
bur/s f ! cliff at ! summit ( a great   
hill ( talus4 ,9 ! camp we f9d a score  
or m ( ,indians1 :o h jo9$ u "h by      
previ\s appo9tm5t1 z we ne$ _! s]vices 9
 cross+ ! riv]4  ,on ! la/ day (        
,septemb] we foll[ ! ,v]milion ,cliffs  
ar\nd to ! m\? ( ! ,p>ia4 ,"h ! cliffs  
pres5t a wall ( ab\t #b1jjj feet 9      
height1--above1 orange & v]milion1 b    

bel[1 *ocolate1 purple1 & gray 9        
alt]nat+ b&s ( ra9b[ brightness4 ,!     
cliffs are cut ) deep side canyons1 & ! 
ra9b[ hills bel[ are de/itute (         
vegetation4 ,at night we camp on ! bank 
( ! ,colorado ,riv]1 on ! same spot :]e 
our boat-p>ty _h camp$ ! ye> be=e4      
,leav+ ! p>ty 9 *>ge ( ,mr4 ,graves &   
,mr4 ,bi%op1 :ile !y are build+ a       
f]ryboat1 ,i take "s ,indians to explore
 ! canyon ( ! ,p>ia4 ,we f9d /eep walls 
on ei!r side1 b a r broad1 flat pla9    
bel[1 ?r\gh :i* ! muddy riv] w9ds its   
way ov] quicks&s4 ,?is /ream we h to    
cross f "t to "t1 & we f9d ! quicks&s   
trea*]\s & our horses fl\nd]+ 9 !       
trembl+ masses4  ,^! broad canyons1 or  
canyon valleys1 are c>v$ by ! /reams 9  
ob$i5ce to an int]e/+ law ( corrasion4  
,:]e ! declivity ( ! /ream is great !   
riv] corrades1 or cuts its bottom deep] 
& /ill deep]1 ev] =m+ n>r[ clefts1 b :5 
! /ream has cut its *annel d[n until !  
declivity is greatly r$uc$1 x c no long]
 c>ry ! load ( s& ) :i* x is f$1 b drops

  #ccb p[ell-canyons-#bjf4;jpg  ,,dance 
,,p>aph]nalia ,,f ,,tusayan4  ,,ov] ,,! 
,,riv]4 #ccc  a "p ( x on ! way4 ,:]ev] 
x drops x 9 ?is mann] a s& bank is =m$4 
,n[ ! effect ( ?is s& b> is to turn !   
c\rse ( ! riv] aga9/ ! wall or bank1 & z
 x unloads 9 "o place x cuts 9 ano!r    
bel[ & loads itself aga92 s x unloads   
itself & =ms b>s1 & loads itself ) m    
mat]ial to =m b>s1 & ! process ( v]tical
 cutt+ is trans=m$ into a process (     
lat]al cutt+4 ,! rate ( cutt+ is greatly
 increas$ !reby1 b ! we> is on ! sides &
 n on ! bottom4 ,s long z ! declivity ( 
! /ream is great1 ! great] ! load ( s&  
c>ri$ ! great] ! rate ( v]tical cutt+2 b
 :5 ! declivity is r$uc$1 s t "p ( !    
load is ?r[n d[n1 v]tical cutt+ is *ang$
 to lat]al & ! rate ( corrosion         
multipli$ !reby4 ,n[ ?is broad valley   
canyon1 or box canyon1 z su* *annels are
 usually call$ 9 ! c\ntry1 has be5 =m$  
by ! /ream itself1 cutt+ its *annel at  
fir/ v]tically & aft]w>ds lat]ally1 & s 
a great flood-pla9 is =m$4  ,= a day we 

ride up ! ,p>ia1 & next day return4 ,!  
p>ty 9 camp h made good progress4 ,!    
boat is f9i%$ & a "p ( ! camp freight   
has be5 transport$ across ! riv]4 ,!    
next day ! rema9d] is f]ri$ ov] & !     
animals are l$ across1 swimm+ beh9d !   
f]ryboat 9 pairs4 ,"h a bold bluff m ?an
 #a1bjj feet 9 height has to be climb$1 
& ! day is sp5t 9 gett+ to its summit4  
,we make a dry camp1 t is1 )\t wat]1    
except t :i* has be5 c>ri$ 9 cante5s by 
! ,indians4  ,octob] #d---;,all day long
 we pass by ! foot ( ! ,e*o ,cliffs1 :i*
 are 9 fact ! cont9uation ( ! ,v]milion 
,cliffs4 ,x is /ill a l&scape ( rocks1 )
 cliffs & p9nacles & t[]s & buttes on ! 
left1 & deep *asms runn+ d[n into !     
,m>ble ,canyon on ! "r4 ,at night we    
camp at a wat] pocket1 a pool 9 a great 
lime/one rock4 ,we /ill g s\? = ano!r   
half day to a c$> ridge2 "h we turn     
we/w>d1 climb+ ! cliffs1 :i* we f9d to  
be n ! edge ( an esc>pm5t ) a plateau   
above1 b a long n>r[ ridge :i* desc5ds  
on ! ea/]n side to a level only #ejj or 

#fjj feet above ! trail left bel[4 ,on !
 ea/]n side ( ! cliff a great homog5e\s 
s&/one /ret*es1 decl9+ rapidly1 & on its
 sides are c>v$ innum]able bas9s1 :i*   
are n[ fill$ ) pure wat]1 & we call ?is 
! ,?\s& ,wells4 ,we h a long aft]noon's 
#ccd  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4     
ride ov] s& dunes1 sl[ly toil+ f mile to
 mile4 ,we c see a l$ge ( rocks 9 !     
di/ance1 & ! ,indian ) u assures u t we 
%all f9d wat] !re4 ,at night we come to 
! cliff1 & "u x1 9 a great cave1 we f9d 
a lakelet4 ,sweet]1 cool] wat] nev]     
bless$ ! des]t4  ,:ile at ,jacob's      
,pool1 sev]al days be=e1 ,i s5t a runn] 
=w>d into ?is region ) in/ructions to   
hunt u up "s ( p[ell-canyons-#bjg4;jpg  
,,! ,,?\s& ,,wells4  ! natives & br+ !m 
to ?is pool4 ,:5 we arrive we are       
disappo9t$ 9 n f9d+ !m on h&1 b a little
 lat] half a doz5 m5 come 9 ) ! ,indian 
mess5g]4 ,!y are surly fell[s & seem to 
be displeas$ at our com+4 ,be=e midnight
 !y leave4 ,"u ! circum/ances ,i d n    
feel t x is safe to l+] long at ?is     

spot2 s ,i d n lie d[n to re/1 b walk ! 
camp among ! gu>ds & see t ev]y?+ is 9  
read9ess to move4 ,ab\t two o'clock ,i  
set a c\ple ( m5 to prep>e a ha/y lun*1 
call up all h&s1 & we saddle1 pack1 eat 
our lun*1 & />t (f to ! s\?we/ to rea*  
,,ov] ,,! ,,riv]4  #cce  ! ,mo5kopi1 :]e
 !re is a little ran*]a ( ,indians1 a   
f>m+ settlem5t belong+ to ! ,oraibis1 s 
we are told4 ,we set out at a rapid     
rate1 & :5 daylight comes we are 9 sight
 ( ! canyon ( ! ,mo5kopi1 into :i* we   
soon desc5d2 b ! ran*]a has be5 ab&on$4 
,up ! ,mo5kopi we pass sev]al miles1 9 a
 beautiful canyon valley1 until we f9d a
 pool 9 a nook ( a cliff1 :]e we feel t 
we c def5d ourselves ) c]ta9ty1 & "h we 
camp = ! night4 ,! next day we g on to  
,oraibi1 "o ( ! pueblos ( ! ,prov9ce (  
,tusayan4  ,at ,tusayan we /op = two    
weeks & visit ! sev5 pueblos on !       
cliffs4 ,oraibi is fir/ rea*$1 !n       
,%umopavi1 ,%upaulovi1 & ,ma%ongnavi1 & 
f9ally ,walpi1 ,si*umovi1 & ,hano4  ,9 a
 /reet ( ,oraibi our little p>ty is     

ga!r$4 ,soon a c\ncil is call$ by !     
cacique1 or z*ief1 & we are assign$ to a
 suite ( six or p[ell-canyons-#bjh4;jpg 
,,t]rac$ ,,h\ses ,,9 ,,oraibi1 ,,%[+    
,,entrance ,,to ,,kiva ,,9 ,,=egr\nd4   
#ccf ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4      
eight rooms = our qu>t]s4 ,we pur*ase   
corn ( "s ( ! p1 & aft] fe$+ our animals
 !y are intru/$ to two ,indian boys1 :o1
 "u ! direction ( ! cacique1 take !m to 
a di/ant mesa to h]d4 ,?is is my fir/   
view ( an inhabit$ pueblo1 ?\gh ,i h se5
 _m ru9s f "t to "t4 ,at fir/ ,i am a   
little disappo9t$ 9 ! p4 ,!y seem       
sc>cely sup]ior to ! ,%o%ones & ,utes1  
tribes ) :om ,i am s well acqua9t$4 ,_! 
dress is less picturesque1 & ! m5 h an  
ugly fa%ion ( bang+ _! hair 9 front s t 
x comes d[n to _! eyes & conceals _!    
=eheads4 ,b ! wom5 are m neatly dress$ &
 arrange _! hair 9 picturesque coils4   
,oraibi is a t[n ( sev]al hundr$        
inhabitants4 ,x /&s on a mesa or little 
plateau #bjj or #cjj feet above !       
surr\nd+ pla94 ,! mesa itself has a r   

div]sifi$ surface4 ,! /reets ( ! t[n are
 q irregul>1 & 9 a g5]al way run f nor? 
to s\?4 ,! h\ses are con/ruct$ to face !
 ea/4 ,!y are ( /one laid 9 mort>1 & are
 usually ?ree or f\r /ories high4 ,!    
second /ory /&s back ^u ! fir/1 leav+ a 
t]race ov] "o ti] ( rooms4 ,! ?ird is   
set back ( ! second1 & ! f\r? back ( !  
?ird2 s t _! h\ses are t]rac$ to face ! 
ea/4 ,^! t]races on ! top are all flat1 
& ! p usually asc5d to ! fir/ t]race by 
a ladd] & !n by ano!r into ! l[] rooms4 
,9 l mann]1 ladd]s or rude /airways are 
us$ to rea* ! upp] /ories4 ,! climate is
 v w>m & ! p live on ! tops ( _! h\ses4 
,x seems /range to see little nak$      
*ildr5 climb+ ! ladd]s & runn+ ov] !    
h\se tops l h]ds ( monkeys4 ,aft] we h  
look$ ab\t ! t[n & be5 gaz$ ^u by !     
wond]+ eyes ( ! m51 wom51 & *ildr51 we  
are at la/ call$ to supp]4 ,9 a l>ge    
c5tral room we ga!r & ! food is plac$   
be=e u4 ,a /ew ( goat's fle% is s]v$ 9  
e>!n b[ls1 & ea* "o ( u is furni%$ ) a  
little e>!n ladle4 ,! bread is a great  

novelty to me4 ,x is made ( corn meal 9 
%eets z ?9 & l>ge z foolscap pap]4 ,9 ! 
corn] ( ! h\se is a little ov51 ! top ( 
:i* is a great flat /one1 & ! good      
h\sewife bakes h] bread 9 ?is mann]3 ,! 
corn meal is mix$ to ! consi/5cy ( a r  
?ick gruel1 & ! woman dips h] h& into ! 
mixture & pla/]s ! hot  ,,ov] ,,!       
,,riv]4  #ccg  /one ) a ?9 coat+ ( !    
meal pa/e4 ,9 a m9ute or two x =ms into 
a ?9 pap]like cake1 & %e takes x up by !
 edge1 folds x once1 & places x on a    
basket tray2 !n ano!r & ano!r %eet (    
pap]-bread is made 9 l mann] & pil$ on !
 tray4 ,i notice t ! pa/e /&s 9 a numb] 
( diff]5t b[ls & t %e takes f1 "o b[l & 
!n ano!r 9 ord]1 & ,i soon see ! effect 
( ?is4 ,! corn be=e be+ gr\nd is assort$
 by colors1 :ite1 yell[1 r$1 blue1 &    
black1 & ! %eets ( bread1 :5 made1 are (
 ! same v>iety ( colors1 :ite1 yell[1   
r$1 blue1 & black4 ,?is bread1 held on v
 beautiful trays1 is itself a "w ( art4 
,!y call x p[ell-canyons-#bji4;jpg  ,,! 
,,h\se ,,( ,,talti1 ,,*ief ,,( ,,!      

,,c\ncil ,,9 ,,! ,,t[n ,,( ,,obaibi4    
piki4 ,aft] we h p>tak5 ( goat /ew &    
bread a c\rse ( dumpl+s1 melons1 &      
pea*es is s]v$1 & ?is f9i%es ! fea/4    
,:at seem to be dumpl+s are compos$ ( a 
k9d ( ha% ( bread & meat1 ti$ up 9      
little balls ) cornhusks & s]v$ boil+   
hot4 ,!y are eat5 ) mu* gu/o by ! p>ty &
 highly prais$4 ,"s days aft] we le>n$  
h[ !y are made2 !y are prep>$ ( goat's  
fle%1 bread1 & turnips1 & knead$ by     
ma/ication4 ,z we pref] to ma/icate our 
own food1 ?is da9ty di% is nev] aga9 a  
favorite4  ,9 ! ev5+ ! p celebrate our  
adv5t by a dance1 su* x seem$ to u1 b   
probably x 0 "o ( _! regul> c]emonies4  
#cch ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4      
,aft] d>k a pretty little fire is built 
9 ! *imney corn] & ,i sp5d ! ev5+ 9     
rehe>s+ to a gr\p ( ! lead+ m5 ! /ory ( 
my travels 9 ! canyon c\ntry4 ,( our    
j\rney d[n ! canyon 9 boats !y h already
 he>d1 & !y li/5 ) great int]e/ to :at  
,i say4 ,my talk ) !m is 9 ! ,mexican   
patois1 :i* sev]al ( !m und]/&1 & all t 

,i say is int]pret$4  ,! next morn+ we  
are up at daybreak4 ,soon we he> l\d    
%\ts com+ f ! top ( ! h\se4 ,! cacique  
is call+ 8 p4 ,!n all ! p1 m51 wom51 &  
*ildr51 come out on ! tops ( _! h\ses4  
,j be=e sunrise !y spr9kle wat] & meal f
 beautiful grails2 !n !y all /& ) b>e   
heads to wat* ! ris+ ( ! sun4 ,:5 8 full
 orb is se51 once m !y spr9kle ! sacr$  
wat] & ! sacr$ meal ov] ! tops ( !      
h\ses4 ,!n ! cacique 9 a l\d voice      
directs ! labor ( ! day4 ,s 8 talk is   
expla9$ to u4 ,"s mu/ ga!r corn1 o!rs   
mu/ g = wood1 wat] mu/ be br\ght f !    
di/ant wells1 & ! animals ( ! /rang]s   
mu/ be c>$ =4 ,n[ ! h\se tops pres5t a  
lively sc5e4 ,b[ls ( wat] are br\ght2 f 
!m ! m5 fill _! m\?s & ) dext]ity bl[   
wat] ov] _! h&s 9 spray & wa% _! faces &
 lave _! long %9+ heads ( hair2 & ! wom5
 dress "o ano!r's locks4 ,) b[ls ( wat] 
!y make suds ( ! yucca plant1 & wa% &   
comb & deftly roll _! hair1 ! eld] wom5 
9 great coils at ! back ( ! head1 !     
y\ng] wom5 9 flat coils on _! *eeks4 ,& 

s ! days are pass$ & ! weeks g by1 & we 
/udy ! language ( ! p & record _m       
hundr$s ( _! words & obs]ve _! habits & 
cu/oms & ga9 "s k ( _! my?ology1 b above
 all d we become int]e/$ 9 _! religi\s  
c]emonies4  ,"o aft]noon !y take me f   
,oraibi to ,%upaulovi to witness a great
 religi\s c]emony4 ,x is ! invocation to
 ! gods = ra94 ,we arrive ab\t sund[n1 &
 are tak5 into a l>ge subt]ranean *amb]1
 into :i* we desc5d by a ladd]4 ,soon   
ab\t a doz5 ,%amans are ga!r$ ) u1 & !  
c]emony cont9ues f sunset to sunrise4 ,x
 is a s]ies ( =mal invocations1         
incantations1 & sacrifices1 especially (
 holy meal & holy wat]4 ,! lead] ( !    
,%amans is a great burly bald-head$     
,indian1 :i* is a rem>kable  ,,ov] ,,!  
,,riv]4  #cci p[ell-canyons-#baj4;jpg   
,,pray+ ,,= ,,ra94  sight1 = ,i h nev]  
se5 "o be=e4 ,:atev] he says or does is 
repeat$ by ?ree o!rs 9 turn4 ,!         
p>aph]nalia ( _! wor%ip is v int]e/+4   
,at "o end ( ! *amb] is a s]ies (       
tablets ( wood cov]$ ) qua9t pictures ( 

animals & ( corn1 & ov]head are         
conv5tional black cl\ds f :i* yell[     
lightn+s are project$1 :ile drops ( ra9 
fall on ! corn bel[4 ,wood5 birds1 set  
on p$e/als & decorat$ ) plumes1 are     
arrang$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,e>s ( corn1 vases
 ( holy wat]1 & trays ( meal make up a  
"p ( ! p>aph]nalia ( wor%ip4 ,i try to  
record "s ( ! pray]s1 b am n v          
successful1 z x is difficult to hold my 
int]pret] to ! "w4 ,b "o ( ^! pray]s is 
some?+ l ?is3  ,mu+wa pa% lolomai1 ,ma/]
 ( ! ,cl\ds1 we eat no /ol5 bread2 our  
"y m5 ride n ! /ol5 ass2 our food is n  
/ol5 f  #cdj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!         
,,colorado4  ! g>d5s ( our neighbors4   
,mu+wa pa% lolomai1 we besee* ( !e to   
dip y\r great spr9kl]1 made ( ! fea!rs (
 ! birds ( ! heav5s1 into ! lakes ( !   
skies & spr9kle u ) sweet ra9s1 t !     
gr\nd may be prep>$ 9 ! w9t] = ! corn t 
gr[s 9 ! summ]4  ,at "o "t 9 ! night    
?ree wom5 7 br\ght into ! kiva4 ,^! wom5
 _h a c9cture ( cotton ab\t _! lo9s1 b 7
 o!rwise nude4 ,"o 0 v old1 ano!r (     

middle age1 & ! ?ird q "y1 p]haps f\rte5
 or fifte5 ye>s old4 ,z !y /ood 9 a     
corn] ( ! kiva _! faces & bodies 7 pa9t$
 by ! bald-head$ prie/4 ,= ?is purpose  
he fill$ 8 m\? ) wat] & pigm5t &        
dext]\sly blew a f9e spray ov] ! faces1 
necks1 %\ld]s1 & brea/s ( ! wom54 ,!n ) 
8 f+] z a bru% he decorat$ !m ov] ?is   
gr\ndwork1 :i* 0 ( yell[1 ) _m figures 9
 v>i\s colors4 ,f t "t to daylight !    
?ree wom5 rema9$ 9 ! kiva & took "p 9 ! 
c]emony z *ori/]s & danc+ p]=m]s4  ,at  
sunrise we are fil$ out ( ! kiva1 & a   
curi\s sight is pres5t$ to our view4    
,%upaulovi is built 9 t]races ab\t a    
c5tral c\rt1 or plaza1 & 9 ! plaza ab\t 
fifty m5 are drawn up 9 a l9e fac+ u4   
,^! m5 are nak$ except t !y we> masks1  
/range & grotesque1 & great fl>+        
headdresses 9 _m colors4                
p[ell-canyons-#baa4;jpg  ,,ma%ongnavi4  
#cda p[ell-canyons-#bab4;jpg  ,,tusayan 
,,trays4  #cdb ,,canyons ,,( ,,!        
,,colorado4  ,our p>ty f ! kiva /& be=e 
?is l9e ( m51 & ! bald-head$ prie/      

h>angues !m 9 words ,i _c und]/&4 ,!n   
across ! o!r end ( ! plaza a l9e ( wom5 
is =m$1 fac+ ! l9e ( m51 & at a signal f
 ! old ,%aman ! drums & ! :i/les on !   
t]races1 ) a great *orus ( s+]s1 set up 
a tumultu\s noise1 & ) sl[ %uffl+ /eps !
 l9e ( m5 & ! l9e ( wom5 move t[>d ea*  
o!r 9 a curi\s wav+ dance4 ,:5 ! l9es   
approa* s z to be n m ?an #aj or #ab    
feet ap>t1 our p>ty /ill be+ betwe5 !m1 
!y all *ange s z to dance backw>d to _! 
orig9al positions4 ,?is is repeat$ until
 ! danc]s h pass$ ov] ! plaza f\r times4
 ,!n !re is a wild confusion ( dances1 !
 ord] ( :i* ,i _c und]/&1--if inde$ !re 
is any sy/em1 except t ! m5 & wom5 dance
 ap>t4 ,soon ?is is ov]1 & ! wom5 all   
file d[n ! ladd] into ! kiva & ! m5 /rip
 (f _! masks & arrange !mselves ab\t !  
plaza1 e "o accord+ to 8 own wi%1 b z if
 9 %>p expectancy2 !n ! wom5 return up !
 ladd] f ! kiva & climb to ! tops ( !   
h\ses & /& on ! br9k ( ! ne>] t]race4   
,n[ ! music comm5ces once m1 & ! old    
woman :o 0 pa9t$ 9 ! kiva dur+ ! night  

?r[s some?+1 ,i _c tell :at1 into ! mid/
 ( ! plaza4 ,) a %\t & a scream1 e man  
jumps = x2 "o seizes x1 ano!r takes x   
away f him1 & !n ano!r secures x2 & )   
%\ts & screams !y wre/le & tussle = !   
*>m :i* ! old woman has ?r[n to !m4     
,aft] a :ile "s "o gets p]man5t         
possession ( ! *>m & ! music ceases4 ,!n
 ano!r is ?r[n into ! mid/4 ,s ^!       
conte/s cont9ue at int]vals until high  
noon4  ,9 ! ev5+ we return to ,oraibi4  
,& n[ = two days we employ our "t 9 mak+
 a collection ( ! arts ( ! p ( ?is t[n4 
,fir/1 we display to !m our /ock (      
goods1 compos$ ( knives1 ne$les1 awls1  
scissors1 pa9ts1 dye/uffs1 lea!r1 &     
v>i\s fabrics 9 gay colors4 ,!n we g    
ar\nd among ! p & select ! articles (   
pott]y1 /one implem5ts1 in/rum5ts &     
ut5sils made ( bone1 horn1 %ell1        
articles ( clo?+ & ornam5t1 baskets1    
trays1 & _m o!r ?+s1 & tell ! p to br+  
!m ! next day to our rooms4 ,a little   
aft] sunrise !y come 91 & we h a busy   
day (  #cdc p[ell-canyons-#bac4;jpg     

p[ell-canyons-#bad4;jpg  ,,tusayan      
,,maskettes4  #cdd  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!   
,,colorado4  b>t]4 ,:5 articles are     
br\ght 9 su* z ,i want1 ,i lay !m aside4
 ,!n if possible ,i discov] ! fancy ( ! 
"o :o br+s !m1 & ,i put by ! articles ! 
goods :i* ,i am will+ to give 9 ex*ange 
= !m4 ,hav+ ?us made an (f]1 ,i nev]    
deviate f x1 b leave x to ! option ( !  
o!r p>ty to take ei!r 8 own articles or 
m9e ly+ beside !m4 ,! b>t] is c>ri$ on )
 a he>ty good w2 ! p je/ & laugh ) u & )
 "o ano!r2 all are pleas$1 & !re is no?+
 to m> ?is day ( pleasure4 ,9 ! aft]noon
 & ev5+ ,i make an inv5tory ( our       
pur*ases1 & ! next day is sp5t 9 pack+  
!m = %ipm5t4 ,"s ( ! ?+s are heavy1 & ,i
 engage "s ,indians to help transport ! 
c>go to ,=t ,w+ate1 :]e we c get army   
transportation4  ,octob] #bd-4--,to-day 
we leave ,oraibi4 ,we are ready to />t 9
 ! e>ly morn+4 ,! :ole t[n comes to bid 
u good-by4 ,be=e we />t !y p]=m "s      
/range c]emony :i* ,i _c und]/&1 b1 )   
invocations to "s deity1 !y spr9kle u1  

our animals1 & our goods ) wat] & )     
meal4 ,!n !re is a "t ( h&%ak+ & hugg+4 
,good-by2 good-by2 good-by6 ,at la/ we  
p[ell-canyons-#bae4;jpg  ,,si*umovi ,,& 
,,hano4  ,,ov] ,,! ,,riv]4 #cde  />t4   
,our way is to ,walpi1 by a heavy trail 
ov] a s& pla91 among ! dunes4 ,we arrive
 a little aft] noon4 ,walpi1 ,si*umovi1 
& ,hano are ?ree little t[ns on "o      
butte1 ) b little space betwe5 !m2 !    
/ret* f t[n to t[n is h>dly l>ge en\gh =
 a game ( ball4 ,! top ( ! butte is (   
nak$ rock1 & x rises f #cjj to #djj feet
 above ! s& pla9s bel[ by a precipit\s  
cliff on e side4 ,to rea* x f bel[1 x   
mu/ be climb$ by ni*es & /airways 9 !   
rock4 ,x is a good site = def5se4 ,at ! 
foot ( ! cliff & on "s t]races ! p h    
built corrals ( /one = _! asses4 ,all ! 
wat] us$ 9 ^! ?ree t[ns is d]iv$ f a    
well ne>ly a mile away--a deep pit sunk 
9 ! s&1 ov] ! site ( a dune-buri$ brook4
  ,:5 we arrive ! m5 ( ,walpi c>ry our  
goods1 camp equipage1 & saddles up !    
/airway & deposit !m 9 a little c\rt4   

,!n !y assign u eight or t5 rooms = our 
qu>t]s4 ,our animals are once m consign$
 to ! c>e ( ,indian h]d]s1 & aft] !y are
 f$ !y are s5t away to a di/ance ( "s   
miles4 ,!re is no tree or %rub gr[+ ne> 
! ,walpi mesa4 ,x is miles away to :]e !
 /unt$ c$>s are f\nd1 & ! p br+ curi\s  
little loads ( wood on ! backs ( _!     
donkeys1 x be+ a day's "w to br+ su* a  
c>go4 ,! p h anticipat$ our com+1 & !   
wood = our use is pil$ 9 ! *imney       
corn]s4 ,aft] supp] ! h\rs till midnight
 are pass$ 9 r =mal talk4  ,walpi seems 
to be a t[n ( ab\t #aej inhabitants1    
,si*umovi ( less ?an #ajj1 & ,hano ( n m
 ?an #ge4 ,hano1 or ,tewa z x is        
sometimes call$1 has be5 built lately2 t
 is1 x _c be m ?an #ajj or #bjj ye>s    
old4 ,! o!r t[ns are v old2 _! f\ndation
 dates back _m c5turies--s we ga!r f ?is
 talk4 ,! p ( ,hano also speak a        
radically di/9ct language1 belong+ to   
ano!r /ock ( tribes4 ,!y =m]ly liv$ on !
 ,rio ,gr&e1 b dur+ "s w> !y 7 driv5    
away & 7 p]mitt$ to build _! home "h4   

,two days are sp5t 9 trad+ ) ! p1 & we  
pride ourselves on hav+ made a good     
e?nologic collection4 ,we are especially
 int]e/$ 9 see+ ! m5 & wom5 sp9 & weave4
 ,9 _! c\rty>ds !y h deep *amb]s        
excavat$ 9 ! rocks4 ,^! *amb]s1  #cdf   
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  :i* are  
call$ kivas1 are ent]$ by desc5d+       
ladd]s4 ,!y are ab\t #ah by #bd feet 9  
size4 ,! kiva is ! place ( wor%ip1 :]e  
all _! c]emonies are p]=m$1 :]e _! cult 
societies meet to pray = ra9 & to prep>e
 m$ic9es & *>ms aga9/ fanci$ & real     
ailm5ts & to protect !mselves by sorc]y 
f ! dang]s p[ell-canyons-#baf4;jpg      
,,walpi4 ,a ,,village ,,( ,,tusayan4  ( 
wit*craft4 ,! kivas are also places =   
g5]al r5dezv\s1 & at night ! m5 & wom5  
br+ _! "w & *at & laugh1 & 9 _! rude way
 make ! "t m]ry4 ,_m ( ! tribes ( ,nor? 
,am]ica h _! cult societies1 or m$ic9e  
ord]s1 z !y are sometimes call$1 b ?is  
in/itution has be5 n[h]e develop$ m     
?or\ghly ?an among ! pueblo ,indians (  
?is region4 ,i am in=m$ t !re are a     

great numb] 9 ,tusayan1 t a "p ( _!     
c]emonies are secret & ano!r "p public1 
& t ! times ( c]emony are also times =  
fea/+ & a?letic sports4  ,"h at ,walpi !
 great snake dance is p]=m$4 ,= sev]al  
days  ,,ov] ,,! ,,riv]4 #cdg  be=e ?is  
fe/ival is held ! p ) great dilig5ce    
ga!r snakes f ! rocks & s&s ( ! region  
r\nd ab\t & br+ !m to ! kiva ( "o ( _!  
clans 9 great numb]s1 by scores &       
hundr$s4 ,mo/ ( ^! snakes are q h>mless1
 b rattlesnakes ab\nd1 & !y are also    
caught1 = !y play ! mo/ important role 9
 ! great snake dance4 ,! m$ic9e m51 or  
prie/ doctors1 are v deft 9 ! managem5t 
( rattlesnakes4 ,:5 !y br+ !m to ! kiva 
!y h]d all ! snakes 9 a great mass (    
wri?+1 hiss+1 rattl+ s]p5ts4 ,= ?is     
purpose !y h little w&s1 to ! end ( ea* 
"o ( :i* a bun* ( fea!rs is affix$4 ,if 
a snake attempts to leave its allott$   
place 9 ! kiva ! m$ic9e man bru%es x or 
tickles x ) ! fea!r-arm$ w&1 & ! snake  
turns aga9 to comm+le ) its fell[s4     
,aft] _m /range & r we>isome c]emonies1 

) danc+ & invocations & ululations1 ! m5
 ( ! ord] prep>e = ! great p]=mance ) ! 
snakes4 ,clo!d only 9 lo9clo?1 ea* "o   
seizes a snake1 & a rattlesnake is      
pref]r$ if !re are en\gh ( !m = all4 ,x 
is manag$ 9 ?is way3 ,! snake is teas$ )
 ! fea!r w& & 8 att5tion occupi$ by "o  
man1 :ile ano!r1 /&+ ne>1 at a favorable
 mom5t seizes ! snake j1 back ( ! head4 
,!n he puts ! snake 9 8 m\?1 hold+ x    
across1 s t ! head protrudes on "o side 
& ! body on ! o!r1 :i* coils ab\t 8 h& &
 arm4 ,a few in*es ( ! head & neck are  
free1 & ) ?is free portion ! snake      
/ruggles1 squirm+ 9 ! air2 b ! att5tion 
( ! snake is con/antly occupi$ by !     
att5dant :o c>ries ! w&4 ,!n ! m5 ( !   
prie/ ord] c>ry+ ! snakes 9 _! m\?s     
arrange !mselves 9 a l9e 9 ! c\rt & move
 9 a procession sev]al times ab\t !     
c\rt1 & !n engage 9 a dance4 ,aft] !    
c]emony all ( ! snakes are c>ri$ to !   
pla9 & giv5 _! fre$om4  ,?is snake dance
 0 n witness$ at ! "t ( ! fir/ visit1 b 
an acc\nt ( x 0 !n obta9$1 su* z giv5   

above4 ,x has s9ce be5 witness$ by      
myself & by o!rs1 & c>efully prep>$     
acc\nts ( ! c]emonies h be5 publi%$ by  
diff]5t p]sons4  ,at la/ our "w at      
,walpi is done1 on ,octob] #bg1 & we    
arrange to leave on ! morr[4  #cdh      
p[ell-canyons-#bag4;jpg  ,,tusayan      
,,basketry4  #cdi                       
p[ell-canyons-#bah4;jpg  ,,tusayan      
,,basketry4  #cej                       
p[ell-canyons-#bai4;jpg  ,,zu ,,f       
,,h\setops1 ,,look+ ,,ea/4  #cea        
,,*apt] ,,xiv4  ,,to ,,zu,i4  ,,octob]  
#bh4--,to-day we leave ! ,prov9ce (     
,tusayan = a j\rney ?r\gh ! ,navajo     
c\ntry4 ,!re is q an addition to ! p>ty 
n[1 = we h a numb] ( ,indians employ$ z 
freight]s4 ,_! asses are load$ ) heavy  
packs ( ! collections we h made 9 !     
v>i\s t[ns ( ,tusayan4 ,aft] a :ile we  
ent] a beautiful canyon com+ d[n f !    
ea/1 & by noon rea* a spr+1 :]e we halt 
= refre%m5t4 ,! poor little donkeys are 
?or\ghly we>i$1 b our own animals h _h a
 long re/ & h be5 well f$ & are all fre%

 & active4 ,on ! rocks ( ?is canyon     
picture-writ+s are et*$1 & ,i try to get
 "s acc\nt ( !m f ! ,indians1 b fail4   
,aft] lun* we />t once m4 ,x is a       
halcyon day1 & ) a companion ,i leave ! 
tra9 & pu% on = a view ( ! c\ntry4 ,away
 we gallop1 my ,indian companion & ,i1  
ov] ! c\ntry t[>d a great plateau :i* we
 c see 9 ! di/ance4 ,! ,salahkai is     
cov]$ ) a beautiful =e/4 ,we h an       
exhil>at+ ride4 ,:5 ! way becomes /ony &
 r\gh we mu/ walk our horses4 ,my       
,indian1 :o is well m\nt$ on a beautiful
 bay1 is a fam\s rid]4 ,ab\t 8 br[ a    
k]*ief is ti$1 & 8 long hair re/s on 8  
back4 ,he has ke5 black eyes & a beak$  
nose2 ab\t 8 neck he we>s sev]al doz5   
/r+s ( beads1 made ( nacre %9+ %ells1 & 
little tablets ( turkis are p]=at$ &    
/rung on s9ew cord2 9 8 e>s he has silv]
 r+s1 & 8 wri/s are cov]$ ) silv]       
bracelets4 ,8 legg+s are black velvet1 !
 mat]ial = :i* he has b\ght f "s trad]2 
8 moccas9s are tan-color$ & decorat$ )  
silv] ornam5ts1 & ! trapp+s ( 8 horse   

are decorat$ 9 l mann]4 ,he c>ries 8    
rifle ) z mu* ease z if x 7 a cane1 &   
rides ) wond]ful  #ceb  ,,canyons ,,(   
,,! ,,colorado4  dext]ity4 ,we get on ) 
j>gon & sign language pretty well4 ,at  
night1 aft] a long ride1 ,i desc5d to ! 
foot ( ! mesa1 & ne> a little lake ,i   
f9d ! camp4 ,! donkey tra9 has n arriv$1
 b soon "o aft] ano!r ! ,indians come 9 
) _! packs1 & ) :ite m51 ,oraibi        
,indians1 ,walpi ,indians1 & ,navajos1 a
 good p>ty is assembl$4  ,octob]        
#bi4--,we h a long ride be=e u to-day1 =
 we mu/ rea* old ,=t ,defiance4 ,i /ay )
 ! tra9 9 ord] to keep ev]y?+ mov+1 = we
 expect to travel late 9 ! night4 ,on ! 
way no wat] is f\nd1 b 9 mid-aft]noon ! 
trail leads to ! br9k ( a canyon1 & !   
,indians tell me !re is wat] bel[2 s !  
animals are unpack$ & tak5 d[n ! cliff 9
 a w9d+ way among ! rocks1 :]e !y are   
suppli$ ) wat]4 ,aga9 we />t2 night     
comes on & we are /ill 9 ! =e/2 ! trail 
is good1 yet we make sl[ progress1 = "s 
( ! animals are we>y & we h to wait f "t

 to "t = ! /raggl]s4 ,ab\t t5 o'clock we
 desc5d f ! plateau to ! canyon b5ea? & 
are at old ,port ,defiance1 & ! (fic]s  
at ! ag5cy give u a he>ty greet+4       
p[ell-canyons-#bbj4;jpg  ,,navajo       
,,indian ,,) ,,silv] ,,ornam5ts4  ,,to  
,,zu,i4  #cec p[ell-canyons-#bba4;jpg   
,,br++ ,,d[n ,,! ,,batt54  ,we sp5d !   
#cj? ( ,octob] at ! ag5cy & see ?\s&s ( 
,indians1 = !y are ga!r$ to receive     
rations & annuities4 ,x is a wild       
spectacle2 gr\ps ( ,indians are gambl+1 
!re are sev]al horse races1 & ev]y:]e   
!re is fea/+4 ,at night ! revelry is    
increas$2 great fires are light$1 &     
gr\ps ( ,indians are se5 scatt]$ ab\t ! 
pla9s4  ,novemb] #a4--;,aft] a %ort     
day's ride we camp at ,rock ,spr+4 ,a   
f\nta9 gu%es f ! foot ( ! mesa4 ,!n     
ano!r day's ride  #ced  ,,canyons ,,(   
,,! ,,colorado4  ?r\gh a l& ( beauty4   
,on ! left !re is a l9e ( cliffs1 l !   
,v]milion ,cliffs ( ,utah4 ,9 ! same r$ 
s&/ones & on ! top ( ! cliff ! ,kaibab  
sc5]y is duplicat$4 ,a great t[] on !   

cliff is kn[n z ,navajo ,*ur*4 ,e>ly 9 !
 aft]noon we are at ,=t ,w+ate & 9      
civilization once m4 ,! =t is on a      
beauti- p[ell-canyons-#bbb4;jpg         
,,navajo ,,*ur*1 ,,ne> ,,=t ,,w+ate4    
,,to ,,zu  #cee  ful site at ! foot ( ! 
,zui ,plateau4 ,& n[ our j\rney ) ! pack
 tra9 is end$1 & ,i bid good-by to my   
,indian fri5ds4 ,my own pack tra9 is to 
g back to ,utah1 :ile f ,=t ,w+ate ,i   
expect to g to ,santa ,fe 9 an          
ambulance4 ,b ! region ab\t is ( int]e/ 
= its wond]ful geologic /ructure & = !  
_m ru9s ( anci5t pueblos f\nd 9 !       
neighborhood4 ,on ! #b;d ( ,novemb]     
,capta9 ,johnson1 an artill]y (fic]1    
takes me = a ride among ! ru9s4 ,_m ( ^!
 anci5t /ructures are f\nd1 b ^? :i* are
 ( ! mo/ int]e/ are ! r\nd t[]s4 ,no?+  
rema9s ( ^! b ! b>e walls4 ,!y av]age f 
#ah to #bj feet 9 diamet]1 & are usually
 two or ?ree /ories high4 ,probably !y 7
 built z places ( wor%ip4  ,above ,=t   
,w+ate !re is a great plateau2 bel[1 !re
 /ret*es a va/ des]t pla9 ) mesas &     

buttes4 ,! ru9s are at ! foot ( !       
plateau :]e ! /reams come d[n f !       
p9e-clad heights4  ,on ! #c;d ( ,novemb]
 ) a p>ty ( (fic]s ,i visit ,zu 9 an    
ambulance4 ,! j\rney is #dj miles1 along
 ! foot ( ! plateau half ! way1 & !n we 
turn into ! des]t valley1 9 ! mid/ ( :i*
 runs ! ,zui ,riv]1 sometimes 9 canyons 
cut 9 black lava4 ,zu is a t[n mu* l ^? 
already visit$1 except t x is a little  
l>g]4 ,no?+ c be m repulsive ?an !      
appe>ance ( ! /reets2 irregul>1 cr[d$1 &
 fil?y1 9 :i* dogs1 asses1 & ,indians   
are m+l$ 9 confusion4 ,9 ! di/ance      
,toyalone is se51 a great butte on :i*  
an ext5sive ru9 is f\nd1 ! m anci5t home
 ( p[ell-canyons-#bbc4;jpg  ,,r\nd ,,t[]
 ,,on ,a ,,rock4  #cef  ,,canyons ,,(   
,,! ,,colorado4  ^! p1 ?\gh ,zui itself 
appe>s to be hundr$s ( ye>s old4 ,! p   
speak a language radically diff]5t f t (
 ,tusayan1 & no o!r tribe 9 ! ,unit$    
,/ates has a tongue relat$ to x4  ,9 !  
mid/ ( ! t[n !re is an old ,spani% *ur*1
 p>tly 9 ru9s1 b x is /ill grac$ ) !    

wood5 image ( a sa9t1 gayly color$2 & ! 
old tongueless bell rema9s1 = x 0 s\nd$ 
) a /one hamm] held 9 ! h& ( ! bellman2 
! m>ks ( 8 bl[s are deeply ind5t$ 9 !   
metal4 ,alv> ,nuez ,caveza de ,vaca 0 ! 
fir/ :ite man to see ,zui1 :5 he w&]$ 9 
t long j\rney f ,florida ar\nd by !     
headwat]s ( ! ,arkansas1 ?r\gh :at is n[
 ,new ,mexico & ,arizona1 s\?w>d to !   
,city ( ,mexico4 ,he _h ) him a ,b>b>y  
negro1 :o 0 kill$ by ! ,zui1 & 8 burial 
place is /ill po9t$ out4  ,among ! ,zui1
 z among ! tribes ( ,tusayan1 ! =m (    
gov]nm5t :i* prevails ?r\gh\t ! ,nor?   
,am]ican tribes is well illu/rat$4      
,k9%ip is ! tie by :i* ! memb]s ( !     
tribe are b\nd toge!r z a common body ( 
p4 ,ea* tribe is divid$ into a s]ies (  
clans1 & a clan is a gr\p ( p t reckon  
k9%ip ?r\gh ! family l9e4 ,! *ildr5     
!re=e belong to ! clan ( !              
p[ell-canyons-#bbd4;jpg  ,,toyalone1 ,,f
 ,,! ,,top ,,( ,a ,,h\se ,,9 ,,zu4  #ceg
  ,,to ,,zu,i4  #ceg                    
p[ell-canyons-#bbe4;jpg  ,,typical      

,,t]rac$ ,,communal ,,pueblo4  "m4      
,m>riage is always )\t ! clan2 ! husb& &
 fa!r mu/ belong to a diff]5t clan f !  
"m & *ildr51 & ! *ildr5 belong to _! "m 
& are gov]n$ by h] bro!rs1 or by h] "m's
 bro!rs if !y be /ill liv+4 ,! husb& is 
b ! gue/ ( ! wife & ! clan1 & has no o!r
 au?ority 9 ! family ?an t acquir$ by   
p]sonal "*4 ,if he is an able & wise man
 8 advice may be tak51 b ea* clan is v  
jeal\s ( its rights1 & ! memb]s d n     
submit to dictation f ! gue/ husb&4 ,!  
woman is#a n ! rul] ( ! clan2 ! rul] is 
! patri>* or eld] man1 or if he is n a  
man ( ability a y\ng] & m able man is   
*os51 :o by legal fiction is recogniz$ z
 ! eld]4 ,ov] ! (fic]s ( ! clan are !   
(fic]s ( ! tribe1--a *ief ) assi/ant    
*iefs4 ,! organization by tribal        
gov]nors v>ies f tribe to tribe4        
,sometimes ! *iefta9cy is h]$it>y 9 a   
p>ticul> clan1 b m (t5 ! *iefta9cy is   
elective4 ,!re is v little p]sonal      
prop]ty among ! tribal p1 su* prop]ty   
be+ conf9$ to clo?+1 ornam5ts1 & a few  

inconsid]able articles4 ,! own]%ip ( !  
great bulk ( ! prop]ty inh]es 9 ! clan1 
su* z _!  #ceh  ,,canyons ,,( ,,!       
,,colorado4  h\ses1 _! pat*es ( l&1 !   
food rais$ f ! soil1 & ! game caught 9 !
 *ase4 ,sometimes ! clans are gr\p$1 two
 or m con/itut+ a phratry1 & !n !re are 
o!r (fic]s or *iefs /&+ betwe5 ! clan & 
tribal au?ority4 ,aga91 tribes are      
sometimes organiz$ into conf$]acies1 & a
 gr& conf$]ate *ief recogniz$4 ,9       
addition to ! *iefta9cy ( conf$]ate     
tribes1 phratries1 & clans1 !re are     
c\ncils2 b ^! are n c\ncils (           
legislation 9 ! ord9>y s5se4 ,! c\ncils 
are clans ^: decisions become a prec$5t4
 ,tribal law is !re=e c\rt-made law1 &  
su* cu/om>y law gr[s out ( ! exig5cies  
:i* daily life pres5ts to ! p4 ,!       
problems z !y arise are solv$ z be/ !y  
may be1 & ! delib]ations ( ! c\ncils    
look n to ! future b only to ! pres5t1 &
 are invok$ to settle controv]sy1 t     
peace may be ma9ta9$4 ,( c\rse !re is no
 writt5 con/itution or body ( laws1 b   

!re are traditional regulations :i* are 
well pres]v$ 9 ! idioms ( oral spee*1 e 
rule ( proc$ure or ( ju/ice be+ soon] or
 lat] co9$ into an aphorism4  ,x has be5
 se5 t a clan is a body ( k9%ip 9 !     
female l9e2 b ! memb]s ( ! diff]5t clans
 are relat$ to "o ano!r by int]m>riage4 
,?us ! fir/ tie is by aff9ity2 b1 z     
fa!rs belong to o!r clans ?an ! *ildr51 
! tie is also by consangu9ity4 ,?us !   
entire tribe is a body ( k9dr$1 & !     
tribal organization is a fabric ) w>p ( 
/reams ( blood & p[ell-canyons-#bbf4;jpg
  ,,danc] ,,hold+ ,,up ,,! ,,great      
,,plum$ ,,arr[4  ,,to ,,zu,i4  #cei  wo(
 ( m>riage ties4 ,:5 diff]5t tribes     
unite to =m a conf$]acy = (f5sive or    
def5sive purposes1 artificial k9%ip is  
e/abli%$4 ,"o tribe p]haps is recogniz$ 
z ! gr&fa!r tribe1 ano!r is ! fa!r      
tribe1 a ?ird is ! eld]-bro!r tribe1 a  
f\r? is ! y\ng]-bro!r tribe1 etc4 ,9 ^! 
artificial k9%ips ! memb]s ( "o tribe   
address ! memb]s ( ano!r tribe by k9%ip 
t]ms e/abli%$ 9 ! treaty4 ,/rang]s are  

sometimes adopt$ into a clan1 & ?is     
gives !m a /atus 9 ! tribe4 ,! adoption 
is usually accompli%$ by ! woman claim+ 
! individual z h] y\nge/ son or daught]1
 & su* adopt$ p]son has !reupon ! /atus 
belong+ to su* a natural *ild2 &1 ?\gh  
he be an adult1 he calls ! *ild born    
into ! clan be=e 8 adv5t1 ?\gh x be b a 
ye> old1 8 eld] bro!r or 8 eld] si/]4   
,!n (t5 "y m5 are advanc$ 9 ! clan      
because ( sup]ior ability1 & ?is is done
 by giv+ !m a k9%ip rank high] ?an t    
belong+ to _! real age2 s t x is n      
infrequ5tly f\nd t old m5 address "y m5 
z _! eld] bro!rs & yield to _! au?ority4
 ,! ties ( ! tribe are k9%ip1 & au?ority
 inh]es 9 sup]ior age2 b 9 ord] to adju/
 ^! rules s t ! abl] m5 may be giv5     
control1 artificial k9%ip & artificial  
age are e/abli%$4 ,! civil *iefs direct 
! daily life ( ! p 9 _! labors4         
p[ell-canyons-#bbg4;jpg  ,,danc]        
,,swall[+ ,,! ,,great ,,plum$ ,,arr[4   
#cfj  ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4     
p[ell-canyons-#bbh4;jpg  ,,navajo       

,,woman ,,weav+ ,a ,,belt4  ,to ! civil 
organization ( ! tribe1 z ?us indicat$1 
!re is add$ a milit>y organization1 & w>
 *iefs are select$4 ,b usually ^! w>    
*iefs are some?+ m ?an w> *iefs1 = !y   
also con/itute a con/abul>y to pres]ve  
peace & mete out puni%m5t2 & "y m5 f !  
v>i\s clans are designat$ z w>riors     
#cfa  ,,to ,,zu,i4 #cfa  & advanc$ 9    
milit>y rank accord+ to m]it4 ,!re is   
?us a bro!rhood ( w>riors1 & e man 9 ?is
 bro!rhood recognizes all o!rs ( ! gr\p 
z be+ eld] or y\ng]1 & s assumes or     
p[ell-canyons-#bbi4;jpg  ,,navajo       
,,woman ,,sp9n+4  #cfb                  
p[ell-canyons-#bcj4;jpg  ,a ,,room ,,9  
,a ,,zu,i ,,h\se4  ,,to ,,zu,i4 #cfc    
yields au?ority 9 all matt]s p]ta9+ to  
w> & ! en=cem5t ( crim9al law4  ,9      
addition to ! secul> gov]nm5t !re is    
always a cult gov]nm5t4 ,9 e tribe !re  
are ,%amans1 designat$ v>i\sly by :ite  
m5 z m$ic9e m51 prie/s1 prie/ doctors1  
!urgi/s1 etc4 ,9 _m tribes1 p]haps 9    
all1 ! p are organiz$ into ,%amani/ic   

societies2 b t ^! societies are         
inv>iably recogniz$ is n c]ta94 ,!      
,%amans are always f\nd4 ,among ! ,zui  
!re are ?irte5 ( ^! cult societies4 ,!  
purpose ( ,%amani/ic in/itutions is to  
control ! conduct ( ! memb]s ( ! tribe 9
 relation to my?ic p]sonages1 ! my/]i\s 
be+s 9 :i* ! savage m5 believe4 ,9 ! m9d
 ( ! savage ! _w is peopl$ by a ho/ (   
my?ic be+s1 an?ropomorphic & zoomorphic4
 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 man & brute         
recogniz$ 9 civilization1 is unrecogniz$
 9 savag]y4 ,all animal life is wond]ful
 & magical co sylvan man4 ,wisdom1      
cunn+1 skill1 & pr[ess are attribut$ to 
! real animals to a degree (t5 great]   
?an to man2 & !re are my?ic animals z   
well z my?ic m5--mon/]s dwell+ 9 !      
m\nta9s & caves or hid+ 9 ! wat]s1 :o   
make !mselves invisible z !y pass ov] ! 
l&4 ,n only are !re great mon/]s1 bea/s1
 & reptiles 9 _! my?ology1 b !re are    
wond]ful insects & worms4 ,all life is  
miracul\s & is wor%ip$ z div9e4 ,!      
heav5ly bodies1 ! sun & moon & />s1 are 

my?ic animals1 & all ( ! ph5om5a (      
nature are attribut$ to ^! zoic be+s4 ,=
 example1 ! ,indian kn[s no?+ ( ! ambi5t
 air4 ,! w9d is ! brea? ( "s bea/1 or x 
is a fann+ :i* rises f "u ! w+s ( a     
my?ic bird4 ,all ! ph5om5a ( nature1 !  
ris+ & sett+ ( ! sun1 ! wax+ & wan+ ( ! 
moon1 ! %9+ ( ! />s1 ! com+ ( comets1 ! 
fla% ( meteors1 ! *ange ( seasons1 !    
ga!r+ & vani%+ ( ! cl\ds1 ! bl[+ ( !    
w9ds1 ! fall+ ( ! ra91 ! spread+ ( !    
sn[1 & all o!r ph5om5a ( physical       
nature1 are held to be ! acts ( ^!      
wond]ful zoic deities4 ,x is deem$ (    
prime importance t su* deities %\ld be  
induc$ to act 9 ! int]e/ ( m54 ,?us x is
 t ,%amani/ic gov]nm5t is held to be ( z
 great importance z tribal gov]nm5t1 & !
 ,%amans are ! pe]s ( ! *iefs4 ,) "s    
tribes ! cult socie-  #cfd ,,canyons ,,(
 ,,! ,,colorado4  ties h great] p[]s ?an
 ! clan2 ) o!r tribes clan gov]nm5t is !
 m important2 b always !re is a conflict
 ( au?ority1 & !re is a p]petual w>     
betwe5 ,%amani/ic & civil gov]nm5t4  ,^!

 ,%amans & cult societies h a great     
v>iety ( functions to p]=m4 ,all disease
 & all injuries are attribut$ to my?ic  
be+s or to wit*craft1 & on ^! pa?ologic 
ideas ! m$ic9e practices ( ! p are bas$4
 ,! m$ic9e m5 are sorc]]s1 :o "w wond]s 
9 discov]+ wit*craft & av]t+ its effects
 or 9 discov]+ ! disease-mak+ animals & 
ov]com+ _! p[]4 ,s ! ,%amans & ! cult   
societies are ! possessors ( m$ic9e &   
c]emonies design$ to prev5t & cure human
 ailm5ts4 ,!y also h *>ge ( ! c]emonies 
necess>y to av]t disa/] & to secure     
success 9 all ! affairs ( life 9 peace &
 w>2 & !y prescribe me?ods & obs]vances 
& furni% *>ms & amulets1 & 9 e way      
possible control human conduct 9 its    
relation to ! unkn[n4 ,no small "p (    
savage life is devot$ to cult c]emonies 
& obs]vances4 ,! hunt] _c p5etrate ! =e/
 )\t 8 *>m2 ! woman _c plant corn until 
a c]emony is p]=m$ = secur+ ! bless+s ( 
"s div9e be+4 ,religi\s fe/ivals &      
c]emonies are c>ri$ on = days & weeks4  
,a w> mu/ be submitt$ to ! gods1 & a    

sneeze dem&s a pray]4  ,our arrival at  
,=t ,w+ate practically end$ !           
exploration ( ! great valley ( !        
,colorado4 ,?is 0 9 #ahgj4 ,9 #ahia we c
 look back ^u ! completion ( ! survey ( 
all ( t region1 = x has n[ be5 c>efully 
mapp$4 ,! geology ( ! c\ntry has be5    
/udi$1 & ! tribes :i* inhabit x h be5   
subjects ( c>eful rese>*4 ,?is "w has   
be5 c>ri$ on by a l>ge corps ( m51 &    
int]e/+ results h accru$4  #cfe         
p[ell-canyons-#bca4;jpg  ,,a%ti%kee1 ,a 
,,navajo ,,*ief4  #cff                  
p[ell-canyons-#bcb4;jpg  ,,navajo       
,,m$ic9e ,,lodge1 ,,view$ ,,f ,,! ,,s\?4
  #cfg p[ell-canyons-#bcc4;jpg  ,,navajo
 ,,m$ic9e ,,lodge1 ,,view$ ,,f ,,!      
,,ea/4  #cfh p[ell-canyons-#bcd4;jpg    
,,navajo ,,fire ,,dance4  #cfi          
p[ell-canyons-#bce4;jpg  ,,work%op ,,(  
,,navajo ,,silv]smi?4  #cgj             
p[ell-canyons-#bcf4;jpg  ,,zu ,,woman   
,,weav+ ,a ,,belt4  #cga                
p[ell-canyons-#bcg4;jpg  ,,weav+ ,,(    
,,diamond-,,%ap$ ,,diagonals4  #cgb     

p[ell-canyons-#bch4;jpg  ,,zu,i         
,,feti*es4  #cgc p[ell-canyons-#bci4;jpg
  ,,effigy ,,pott]y ,,f ,,zu,i4  #cgd   
p[ell-canyons-#bdj4;jpg  ,,zu ,,pott]y4 
#cge p[ell-canyons-#bda4;jpg  ,,zu      
,,grails4  #cgf p[ell-canyons-#bdb4;jpg 
,,cul9>y ,,pott]y ,,f ,,zu,i4  #cgg     
p[ell-canyons-#bdc4;jpg  ,,navajo       
,,fabrics4  #cgh p[ell-canyons-#bdd4;jpg
  ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4  #cgi  ,,*apt]    
,,xv4  ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4  ,,! ,gr&    
,canyon is a gorge #bag miles 9 l5g?1   
?r\gh :i* fl[s a great riv] ) _m        
/orm-born tribut>ies4 ,x has a w9d+ way1
 z riv]s are wont to h4 ,its banks are  
va/ /ructures ( adamant1 pil$ up 9 =ms  
r>ely se5 9 ! m\nta9s4  ,d[n by ! riv] !
 walls are compos$ ( black gneiss1      
slates1 & s*i/s1 all greatly implicat$ &
 trav]s$ by dikes ( granite4 ,let ?is   
=mation be call$ ! black gneiss4 ,x is  
usually ab\t #hjj feet 9 ?ickness4  ,!n 
ov] ! black gneiss are f\nd #hjj feet ( 
qu>tzites1 usually 9 v ?9 b$s ( _m      
colors1 b exce$+ly h>d1 & r++ "u ! hamm]

 l phonolite4 ,^! b$s are dipp+ &       
uncon=mable ) ! rocks above2 :ile !y    
make b #hjj feet ( ! wall or less1 !y h 
a geological ?ickness ( #ab1jjj feet4   
,set up a r[ ( books aslant2 x is #aj   
in*es f ! %elf to ! top ( ! l9e ( books1
 b !re may be #c feet ( ! books measur$ 
directly ?r\gh ! leaves4 ,s ^! qu>tzites
 are aslant1 & ?\gh ( great geologic    
?ickness1 !y make b #hjj feet ( ! wall4 
,y\r books may h _m-color$ b9d+s & diff]
 greatly 9 _! cont5ts2 s ^! qu>tzites   
v>y greatly f place to place along !    
wall1 & 9 _m places !y entirely         
disappe>4 ,let u call ?is =mation !     
v>iegat$ qu>tzite4  ,above ! qu>tzites  
!re are #ejj feet ( s&/ones4 ,!y are ( a
 gre5i% hue1 b are mottl$ ) spots ( br[n
 & black by iron /a9s4 ,!y usually /& 9 
a bold cliff1 wea!r$ 9 alcoves4 ,let ?is
 =mation be call$ ! cliff s&/one4       
,above ! cliff s&/one !re are #gjj feet 
( b$d$ s&/ones & lime/ones1 :i* are     
massive sometimes & sometimes brok5 into
  #chj ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  ?9

 /rata4 ,^! rocks are (t5 wea!r$ 9 deep 
alcoves4 ,let ?is =mation be call$ !    
alcove s&/one4  ,ov] ! alcove s&/one !re
 are #a1fjj feet ( lime/one1 9 _m places
 a beautiful m>ble1 z 9 ,m>ble ,canyon4 
,z x appe>s along ! ,gr& ,canyon x is   
always /a9$ a brilliant r$1 = imm$iately
 ov] x !re are ?9 seams ( iron1 & !     
/orms h pa9t$ ^! lime/ones ) pigm5ts f  
above4 ,altoge!r ?is is ! r$-wall gr\p4 
,x is *iefly lime/one4 ,let x be call$ !
 r$ wall lime/one4  ,above ! r$ wall !re
 are #hjj feet ( gray & bright r$       
s&/one1 alt]nat+ 9 b$s t look l va/     
ribbons ( l&scape4 ,let x be call$ ! b&$
 s&/one4  ,& ov] all1 at ! top ( ! wall1
 is ! ,aubrey lime/one1 #a1jjj feet 9   
?ickness4 ,?is ,aubrey has mu* gypsum 9 
x1 great b$s ( alaba/] t are pure :ite 9
 comp>ison ) ! great body ( lime/one    
bel[4 ,9 ! same lime/one !re are enorm\s
 b$s ( *]t1 agates1 & c>nelians4 ,?is   
lime/one is especially rem>kable = its  
p9nacles & t[]s4 ,let x be call$ ! t[]  
lime/one4  ,n[ recapitulate3 ,! black   

gneiss bel[1 #hjj feet 9 ?ickness2 !    
v>iegat$ qu>tzite1 #hjj feet 9 ?ickness2
 ! cliff s&/one1 #ejj feet 9 ?ickness2 !
 alcove s&/one1 #gjj feet 9 ?ickness2 ! 
r$ wall lime/one1 #a1fjj feet 9         
?ickness2 ! b&$ s&/one1 #hjj feet 9     
?ickness2 ! t[] lime/one1 #a1jjj feet 9 
?ickness4  ,^! are ! elem5ts ) :i* !    
walls are con/ruct$1 f black buttress   
bel[ to alaba/] t[] above4 ,all ( ^!    
elem5ts wea!r 9 diff]5t =ms & are pa9t$ 
9 diff]5t colors1 s t ! wall pres5ts a  
highly complex facade4 ,a wall (        
homog5e\s granite1 l t 9 ! ,yosemite1 is
 b a nak$ wall1 :e!r x be #a1jjj or     
#e1jjj feet high4 ,hundr$s & ?\s&s (    
feet mean no?+ to ! eye :5 !y /& 9 a    
mean+less front4 ,a m\nta9 cov]$ by pure
 sn[ #aj1jjj feet high has b little m   
effect on ! imag9ation ?an a m\nta9 (   
sn[ #a1jjj feet high--x is b m ( ! same 
?+2 b a facade ( sev5 sy/ems ( rock has 
its sublimity multipli$ sev5fold4  ,let 
! effect ( ?is multipli$ facade be m    
cle>ly realiz$4 ,/& by ! riv] side at "s

 po9t :]e only ! black gneiss  #cha     
p[ell-canyons-#bde4;jpg  ,a ,,gable ,,) 
,,p9nacles4  #chb                       
p[ell-canyons-#bdf4;jpg  ,,ni*es ,,or   
,,panels ,,! ,,r$ ,,wall ,,lime/one4    
,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4 #chc  is se54 ,a    
precipit\s wall ( m\nta9 rises ov] !    
riv]1 ) crag & p9nacle & cliff 9 black &
 br[n1 & ?r\gh x runs an angul> patt]n (
 r$ & gray dikes ( granite4 ,x is b a   
m\nta9 cliff :i* may be repeat$ 9 _m    
p>ts ( ! _w1 except t x is s+ul>ly nak$ 
( vegetation1 & ! few plants t f9d foot+
 are ( /range tropical v>ieties & are   
conspicu\s because ( _! infrequ5cy4  ,n[
 climb #hjj feet & a po9t ( view is     
rea*$ :]e ! v>iegat$ qu>tzites are se54 
,at ! summit ( ! black gneiss a t]race  
is f\nd1 &1 set back ( ?is t]race1 walls
 ( elaborate sculpture appe>1 #hjj feet 
9 height4 ,?is is due to ! fact t ?\gh !
 rocks are exce$+ly h>d !y are 9 v ?9   
lay]s or /rata1 & ^! /rata are n        
horizontal1 b /& sometimes on edge1     
sometimes highly incl9$1 & sometimes    

g5tly incl9$4 ,9 ^! v>iegat$ b$s !re are
 _m deep recesses & %>p sali5ts1 ev]y:]e
 set ) crags1 & ! wall is buttress$ by a
 /eep talus 9 _m places4 ,9 ! %e5 ( !   
midday sun1 ^! rocks1 :i* are bespr9kl$ 
) qu>tz cry/als1 gleam l walls (        
diamonds4  ,a climb ( #hjj feet ov] !   
v>iegat$ b$s & ! foot ( ! cliff s&/one  
is rea*$4 ,x is usually olive gre51 )   
spots ( br[n & black1 & pres5ts #ejj    
feet ( v]tical wall ov] ! v>iegat$ s&-  
/one4 ,! d>k gre5 is 9 f9e contra/ ) !  
v>iegat$ b$s bel[ & ! r$ wall above4    
,climb ^! #ejj feet & y /& on ! cliff   
s&/one4 ,a t]race appe>s1 & sometimes a 
wall ( t]races set ) alcoves ( m>vel\s  
/ructure4 ,climb to ! summit ( ?is      
alcove s&/one--#gjj feet--& y /& at !   
foot ( ! r$ wall lime/one4 ,sometimes   
?is /&s 9 two1 ?ree1 or f\r ,cyclopean  
/eps--a mighty /airway4 ,(t5] ! r$ wall 
/&s 9 a v]tical cliff #a1fjj feet high4 
,x is ! mo/ conspicu\s feature ( ! gr&  
facade & imp>ts its *ief *>act]i/ic4    
,all bel[ is b a f\ndation = x2 all     

above1 b an entablature & sky-l9e (     
gable1 t[]1 p9nacle1 & spire4 ,x is n a 
pla91 unbrok5 wall1 b is brok5 into va/ 
amphi!at]s1 (t5 miles ab\nd1 betwe5     
great angul> sali5ts4 ,! amphi!at]s also
 are brok5 into great ni*es t are       
sometimes va/ *amb]s & sometimes royal  
ar*es #ejj or #a1jjj feet 9 height4     
#chd p[ell-canyons-#bdg4;jpg  ,,b\nd$   
,,inw>d ,,curves ,,& ,,project+ ,,cusps 
,,( ,,! ,,walls4  ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4   
#che  ,ov] ! r$ wall lime/one1 ) its    
amphi!at]s1 *amb]s1 ni*es1 & royal      
ar*es--a climb ( #a1fjj feet--is ! b&$  
s&/one1 ! entablature ov] ! ni*$ &      
column$ m>ble1 an adamant9e mold+ #hjj  
feet 9 ?ickness1 /ret*+ along ! walls ( 
! canyon ?r\gh hundr$s ( miles4 ,?is b&$
 s&/one has massive /rata sep>at$ by    
friable %ales4 ,! massive /rata are !   
horizontal elem5ts 9 ! entablature1 b ! 
int]v5+ %ales are c>v$ ) a beautiful    
fretwork ( v]tical =ms1 ! sculpture ( ! 
rills4 ,! massive s&/ones are :ite1     
gray1 blue1 & purple1 b ! %ales are a   

brilliant r$2 ?us v>i\sly color$ b&s (  
massive rock are sep>at$ by b&s (       
v]tically c>v$ %ales ( a brilliant hue4 
,on ^! highly color$ b$s ! t[] lime/one 
is f\nd1 #a1jjj feet 9 height4 ,ev]y:]e 
?is is c>v$ into t[]s1 m9>ets1 & domes1 
gray & cold1 gold5 & w>m1 alaba/] &     
pure1 9 wond]ful v>iety4  ,su* are !    
v]tical elem5ts ( :i* ! ,gr& ,canyon    
facade is compos$4 ,its horizontal      
elem5ts mu/ next be consid]$4 ,! riv]   
me&]s 9 great curves1 :i* are !mselves  
brok5 into curves ( small] magnitude4 ,!
 /reams t head f> back 9 ! plateau on   
ei!r side come d[n 9 gorges & break !   
wall into sections4 ,ea* lat]al canyon  
has a second>y sy/em ( lat]als1 & !     
second>y canyons are brok5 by t]ti>y    
canyons2 s ! crags are =ev] bran*+1 l ! 
limbs ( an oak4 ,t :i* has be5 describ$ 
z a wall is su* only 9 its gr& effect4  
,9 detail x is a s]ies ( /ructures      
sep>at$ by a ramification ( canyons1 ea*
 hav+ its own walls4 ,?us1 9 pass+ d[n !
 canyon x seems to be inclos$ by walls1 

b (t5] by sali5ts--t[]+ /ructures t /&  
betwe5 canyons t run back into !        
plateau4 ,sometimes gorges ( ! second or
 ?ird ord] h met be=e rea*+ ! br9k ( !  
,gr& ,canyon1 & !n great sali5ts are cut
 (f f ! wall & /& out z buttes--huge    
pavilions 9 ! ar*itecture ( ! canyon4 ,!
 sc5ic elem5ts ?us describ$ are fus$ &  
comb9$ 9 v diff]5t ways4  ,we measur$ ! 
l5g? ( ! ,gr& ,canyon by ! l5g? ( ! riv]
 runn+ ?r\gh x1 b ! runn+ ext5t ( wall  
_c be measur$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,9 ! black   
gneiss1 :i* is at ! bottom1 ! wall may  
/& above ! riv] = a few hundr$ y>ds or a
  #chf ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4    
mile or two2 !n1 to foll[ ! foot ( !    
wall1 y mu/ pass into a lat]al canyon = 
a long di/ance1 p]haps miles1 & !n back 
aga9 on ! o!r side ( ! lat]al canyon2 !n
 along by ! riv] until ano!r lat]al     
canyon is rea*$1 :i* mu/ be head$ 9 !   
black gneiss4 ,s1 = a doz5 miles ( riv] 
?r\gh ! gneiss1 !re may be a hundr$     
miles ( wall on ei!r side4 ,climb+ to ! 
summit ( ! black gneiss & foll[+ ! wall 

9 ! v>iegat$ qu>tzite1 x is f\nd to be  
/ret*$ out to a /ill great] l5g?1 = x is
 cut ) m lat]al gorges4 ,9 l mann]1 !re 
is yet great] l5g? ( ! mottl$1 or       
alcove1 s&/one wall2 & ! r$ wall is /ill
 f>!r /ret*$ out 9 ev] bran*+ gorges4   
,to make ! di/ance = t5 miles along !   
riv] by walk+ along ! top ( ! r$ wall1 x
 w\ld be necess>y to travel sev]al      
hundr$ miles4 ,! l5g? ( ! wall rea*es   
its maximum 9 ! b&$ s&/one1 :i* is      
t]rac$ m ?an any ( ! o!r =mations4 ,!   
t[] lime/one wall is less tortu\s4 ,to  
/>t at ! head ( ! ,gr& ,canyon on "o ( !
 t]races ( ! b&$ s&/one & foll[ x to !  
foot ( ! ,gr& ,canyon1 :i* by riv] is a 
di/ance ( #bag miles1 x w\ld be necess>y
 to travel _m ?\s& miles by ! w9d+ ,way2
 t is1 ! b&$ wall is _m ?\s& miles 9    
l5g?4  ,/& at "s po9t on ! br9k ( ! ,gr&
 ,canyon :]e y c ov]look ! riv]1 & !    
details ( ! /ructure1 ! va/ labyr9? (   
gorges ( :i* x is compos$1 are sc>cely  
notic$2 ! elem5ts are lo/ 9 ! gr&       
effect1 & a broad1 deep1 fl>+ gorge ( _m

 colors is se54 ,b /& d[n among ^!      
gorges & ! l&scape seems to be compos$ (
 huge v]tical elem5ts ( wond]ful =m4    
,above1 x is an op51 sunny gorge2 bel[1 
x is deep & gloomy4 ,above1 x is a *asm2
 bel[1 x is a /airway f gloom to heav54 
,! travel] 9 ! region ( m\nta9s sees va/
 masses pil$ up 9 g5tle declivities to !
 cl\ds4 ,to see m\nta9s 9 ?is way is to 
appreciate ! masses ( :i* !y are        
compos$4 ,b ! climb] among ! glaci]s    
sees ! elem5ts ( :i* ?is mass is        
compos$1--t x is made ( cliffs & t[]s & 
p9nacles1 ) int]v5+ gorges1 & ! smoo?   
bill[s ( granite se5 f af> are trans=m$ 
into cliffs & caves & t[]s & m9>ets4 ,^!
 two aspects ( m\nta9 sc5]y h be5 seiz$ 
by pa9t]s1 & 9 _! art  #chg             
p[ell-canyons-#bdh4;jpg  ,,! ,,ea/]n    
,,temple4  #chh p[ell-canyons-#bdi4;jpg 
,,! ,,we/]n ,,temple4  ,,! ,,gr&        
,,canyon4 #chi  two classes ( m\nta9s   
are repres5t$3 m\nta9s ) t[]+ =ms t seem
 ready to topple 9 ! fir/ /orm1 &       
m\nta9s 9 masses t seem to fr[n defiance

 at ! tempe/s4 ,bo? classes h told !    
tru?4 ,! two aspects are sometimes      
caught by our pa9t]s sev]ally2 sometimes
 !y are comb9$4 ,*ur* pa9ts a m\nta9 l a
 k+dom ( glory4 ,bi]/adt pa9ts a m\nta9 
cliff :]e an eagle is lo/ f sight ere he
 rea*es ! summit4 ,?omas ,moran m>ries  
^! great *>act]i/ics1 & 9 8 inf9ite     
masses cliffs ( immeasurable height are 
se54  ,?us ! elem5ts ( ! facade ( ! ,gr&
 ,canyon *ange v]tically & horizontally4
 ,! details ( /ructure c be se5 only at 
close view1 b gr& effects ( /ructure c  
be witness$ 9 great panoramic sc5es4    
,se5 9 detail1 gorges & precipices      
appe>2 se5 at a di/ance1 9 compreh5sive 
views1 va/ massive /ructures are        
pres5t$4 ,! travel] on ! br9k looks f   
af> & is ov]:elm$ ) ! sublimity (       
massive =ms2 ! travel] among ! gorges   
/&s 9 ! pres5ce ( awful my/]ies1 pr(\nd1
 solemn1 & gloomy4  ,= #h or #aj miles  
bel[ ! m\? ( ! ,little ,colorado1 ! riv]
 is 9 ! v>iegat$ qu>tzites1 & a wond]ful
 fretwork ( =ms & colors1 peculi> to ?is

 rock1 /ret*es back = miles to a labyr9?
 ( ! r$ wall cliff2 !n bel[1 ! black    
gneiss is ent]$ & soon has rea*$ an     
altitude ( #hjj feet & sometimes m ?an  
#a1jjj feet2 & ^u ?is black gneiss all !
 o!r /ructures 9 _! wond]ful colors are 
lift$4 ,^! cont9ue = ab\t #gj miles1 :5 
! black gneiss bel[ is lo/1 = ! walls   
are dropp$ d[n by ! ,we/ ,kaibab ,fault1
 & ! riv] fl[s 9 ! qu>tzites4  ,!n = #hj
 miles ! mottl$1 or alcove1 s&/ones are 
f\nd 9 ! riv] b$4 ,! c\rse ( ! canyon is
 a little s\? ( we/ & is comp>atively   
/raight4 ,at ! top ( ! r$ wall lime/one 
!re is a broad t]race1 two or ?ree miles
 9 wid?1 compos$ ( hills ( wond]ful =ms 
c>v$ 9 ! b&$ b$s1 & back ( ?is is se5 a 
cliff 9 ! t[] lime/one4 ,along ! l[]    
c\rse ( ?is /ret* ! :ole "* ( ! canyon  
is *ang$ by ano!r set ( complicat+      
conditions4 ,we h n[ rea*$ a region (   
volcanic activity4 ,aft] ! canyons 7 cut
 ne>ly to _! pres5t dep?1  #cij         
,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  lavas    
p\r$ out & volcanoes 7 built on ! walls 

( ! canyon1 b n 9 ! canyon itself1 ?\gh 
at places riv]s ( molt5 rock roll$ d[n !
 walls into ! ,colorado4  ,! next #hj   
miles ( ! canyon is a comp\nd ( t f\nd  
:]e ! riv] is 9 ! black gneiss & t f\nd 
:]e ! dead volcanoes /& on ! br9k ( !   
wall4 ,9 ! fir/ /ret*1 :]e ! gneiss is  
at ! f\ndation1 we h a great b5d to !   
s\?1 & 9 ! la/ /ret*1 :]e ! gneiss is   
bel[ & ! dead volcanoes above1 ano!r    
great s\!rn det\r is f\nd4 ,^! two great
 b$s are sep>at$ by #hj miles (         
comp>atively /raight riv]4 ,let u call  
?is fir/ great b5d ! ,kaibab rea* ( !   
canyon1 & ! /raight "p ! ,kanab rea*1 = 
! ,kanab ,creek heads f> (f 9 ! plateau 
to ! nor? & jo9s ! ,colorado at ! beg9n+
 ( ! middle /ret*4 ,! ?ird great s\!rn  
b5d is ! ,%iwits /ret*4 ,?us !re are    
?ree di/9ct portions ( ! ,gr& ,canyon ( 
! ,colorado3 ! ,kaibab section1         
*>act]iz$ m by its buttes & sali5ts2 !  
,kanab section1 *>act]iz$ by its        
comp>atively /raight walls ) volcanoes  
on ! br9k2 & ! ,%iwits section1 :i* is  

brok5 into great t]races ) gneiss at !  
bottom & volcanoes at ! top4  ,! ,gr&   
,canyon ( ! ,colorado is a canyon       
compos$ ( _m canyons4 ,x is a composite 
( ?\s&s1 ( t5s ( ?\s&s1 ( gorges4 ,9 l  
mann]1 ea* wall ( ! canyon is a         
composite /ructure1 a wall compos$ ( _m 
walls1 b nev] a repetition4 ,e "o ( ^!  
almo/ innum]able gorges is a _w ( beauty
 9 itself4 ,9 ! ,gr& ,canyon !re are    
?\s&s ( gorges l t bel[ ,niag>a ,palls1 
& !re are a ?\s& ,yosemites4 ,yet all ^!
 canyons unite to =m "o gr& canyon1 !   
mo/ sublime spectacle on ! e>?4 ,pluck  
up ,mt4 ,wa%+ton by ! roots to ! level (
 ! sea & drop x headfir/ into ! ,gr&    
,canyon1 & ! dam w n =ce its wat]s ov] !
 walls4 ,pluck up ! ,blue ,ridge & hurl 
x into ! ,gr& ,canyon1 & x w n fill x4  
,! c>v+ ( ! ,gr& ,canyon is ! "w ( ra9s 
& riv]s4 ,! va/ labyr9? ( canyon by :i* 
! plateau region dra9$ by ! ,colorado is
 dissect$ is also ! "w ( wat]s4 ,e riv] 
has excavat$ its own gorge & e creek has
 excavat$ its gorge4 ,:5  #cia          

p[ell-canyons-#bej4;jpg  ,,granite      
,,falls1 ,,kiabab ,,division1 ,,gr&     
,,canyon4  #cib p[ell-canyons-#bea4;jpg 
,,dikes ,,9 ,,! ,,canyon ,,wall4  ,,!   
,,gr& ,,canyon4 #cic  a %[] comes 9 ?is 
l&1 ! rills c>ve canyons--b a little at 
ea* /orm2 & ?\gh /orms are f> ap>t & !  
heav5s above are cl\dless = mo/ ( ! days
 ( ! ye>1 /ill1 ye>s are pl5ty 9 ! ages1
 & an int]mitt5t rill call$ to life by a
 %[] c d mu* "w 9 c5turies ( c5turies4  
,! erosion repres5t$ 9 ! canyons1 al?\gh
 va/1 is b a small "p ( ! great erosion 
( ! region1 = betwe5 ! cliffs blocks h  
be5 c>ri$ away f> sup]ior 9 magnitude to
 ^? necess>y to fill ! canyons4         
,probably !re is no portion ( ! :ole    
region f :i* !re h n be5 m ?an a ?\s&   
feet degrad$1 & !re are di/ricts f :i* m
 ?an #cj1jjj feet ( rock h be5 c>ri$    
away4 ,altoge!r1 !re is a di/rict (     
c\ntry m ?an #bjj1jjj squ>e miles 9     
ext5t f :i* on ! av]age m ?an #f1jjj    
feet h be5 erod$4 ,consid] a rock       
#bjj1jjj squ>e miles 9 ext5t & a mile 9 

?ickness1 aga9/ :i* ! cl\ds h hurl$ _!  
/orms & beat x into s&s & ! rills h     
c>ri$ ! s&s into ! creeks & ! creeks h  
c>ri$ !m into ! riv]s & ! ,colorado has 
c>ri$ !m into ! sea4 ,we ?9k ( ! m\nta9s
 z =m+ cl\ds ab\t _! br[s1 b ! cl\ds h  
=m$ ! m\nta9s4 ,great cont95tal blocks  
are upheav$ f b5ea? ! sea by int]nal    
geologic =ces t fa%ion ! e>?4 ,!n ! w&]+
 cl\ds1 ! tempe/-be>+ cl\ds1 !          
ra9b[-deck$ cl\ds1 ) mighty p[] & )     
wond]ful skill1 c>ve out valleys &      
canyons & fa%ion hills & cliffs &       
m\nta9s4 ,! cl\ds are ! arti/s sublime4 
,9 w9t] "s ( ! *>act]i/ics ( ! ,gr&     
,canyon are emphasiz$4 ,! black gneiss  
bel[1 ! v>iegat$ qu>tzite1 & ! gre5 or  
alcove s&/one =m ! f\ndation = ! mighty 
r$ wall4 ,! b&$ s&/one entablature is   
cr[n$ by ! t[] lime/one4 ,9 w9t] ?is is 
cov]$ ) sn[4 ,se5 f bel[1 ^! *ang+      
elem5ts seem to graduate into ! heav5s1 
& no plane ( dem>cation betwe5 wall &   
blue firmam5t c be se54 ,! heav5s       
con/itute a portion ( ! facade & m\nt   

into a va/ dome f wall to wall1 spann+ !
 ,gr& ,canyon ) empyrean blue4 ,s ! e>? 
& ! heav5s are bl5d$ 9 "o va/ /ructure4 
,:5 ! cl\ds play 9 ! canyon1 z !y (t5 d 
9 ! ra9y season1 ano!r set ( effects is 
produc$4 ,cl\ds creep out ( canyons     
#cid ,,canyons ,,( ,,! ,,colorado4  &   
w9d into o!r canyons4 ,! heav5s seem to 
be alive1 n mov+ z move ! heav5s ov] a  
pla91 9 "o direction ) ! w9d1 b foll[+ !
 multipli$ c\rses ( ^! gorges4 ,9 ?is   
mann] ! little cl\ds seem to be         
individualiz$1 to h wills & s\ls ( _!   
own1 & to be go+ on div]se err&s--a va/ 
assemblage ( self-will$ cl\ds1 f>+ "h & 
!re1 int5t ^u purposes hidd5 9 _! own   
brea/s4 ,9 ! imag9ation ! cl\ds belong  
to ! sky1 & :5 !y are 9 ! canyon ! skies
 come d[n into ! gorges & cl+ to !      
cliffs & lift !m up to immeasurable     
heights1 = ! sky mu/ /ill be f> away4   
,?us !y l5d inf9ity to ! walls4  ,!     
wond]s ( ! ,gr& ,canyon _c be adequately
 repres5t$ 9 symbols ( spee*1 nor by    
spee* itself4 ,! res\rces ( ! graphic   

art are tax$ beyond _! p[]s 9 attempt+  
to portray its features4 ,language &    
illu/ration comb9$ mu/ fail4 ,! elem5ts 
t unite to make ! ,gr& ,canyon ! mo/    
sublime spectacle 9 nature are          
multif>i\s & exce$+ly div]se4 ,!        
,cyclopean =ms :i* result f ! sculpture 
( tempe/s ?r\gh ages too long = man to  
compute1 are wr\ght into endless        
details1 to describe :i* w\ld be a task 
equal 9 magnitude to t ( describ+ ! />s 
( ! heav5s or ! multitud9\s beauties ( !
 =e/ ) its trac]ies ( foliage pres5t$ by
 oak & p9e & popl>1 by bee* & l9d5 &    
haw?orn1 by tulip & lily & rose1 by f]n 
& moss & li*54 ,besides ! elem5ts ( =m1 
!re are elem5ts ( color1 = "h ! colors (
 ! heav5s are rival$ by ! colors ( !    
rocks4 ,! ra9b[ is n m replete ) hues4  
,b =m & color d n exhau/ all ! div9e    
qualities ( ! ,gr& ,canyon4 ,x is ! l& (
 music4 ,! riv] ?und]s 9 p]petual ro>1  
swell+ 9 floods ( music :5 ! /orm gods  
play ^u ! rocks & fad+ away 9 s(t & l[  
murmurs :5 ! inf9ite blue ( heav5 is    

unveil$4 ,) ! melody ( ! great tide ris+
 & fall+1 swell+ & vani%+ =ev]1 o!r     
melodies are he>d 9 ! gorges ( ! lat]al 
canyons1 :ile ! wat]s plunge 9 ! rapids 
among ! rocks or leap 9 great cat>acts4 
,?us ! ,gr& ,canyon1 is a l& ( song4    
,m\nta9s ( music swell 9 ! riv]s1 hills 
( music bill[ 9 ! creeks1 & mead[s (    
music murmur 9 ! rills t ripple ov] !   
rocks4 ,altoge!r x is a symphony (      
multitud9\s melodies4 ,all ?is is !     
music ( wat]s4 ,! adamant  #cie         
p[ell-canyons-#beb4;jpg  ,,p9nacles ,,( 
,,! ,,kaibab4 p[ell-canyons-#bec4;jpg   
,,vi%nu',s ,,temple4                    
p[ell-canyons-#bed4;jpg  ,,key ,,to ,,! 
,,panorama ,,f ,,po9t                   
,,sublime4--,,look+ ,,ea/4  ,e4 ,c4     
,ea/]n ,cloi/]4 ,f4 ,san ,fraucisco     
,m\nt4 ,k4 ,m\nt ,k5dricks4  #a4 ,*]ty  
lime/one4 #b4 ,upp] ,aubrey lime/one4   
#c4 ,cross-b$d$ s&/one4 #d4 ,l[] ,anbrey
 s&/one4  #e4 ,upp] ,r$ ,wall4  #f4 ,r$ 
,wall lime/ones4  #g4 ,l[] ,c>bonif]\s  
s&/ones4  ,h4 ,h9doo ,amphi!at]4 ,s4    

,%iva's ,temple4 ,r4 ,cape ,roya,l  #cif
 p[ell-canyons-#bee4;jpg  ,,key ,,to ,,!
 ,,panorama ,,f ,,po9t                  
,,sublime4--,,look+ ,,we/4  ,e4 ,m\nt   
,emma4 ,i4 ,inn] ,gorge4 ,p4 ,p[ell's   
,plateau4 ,t4 ,m\nt ,trumbul,l  #a4     
,*]ty llme/one4  #b4 ,upp] ,aubrey      
lime/one  #c4 ,cross-b$d$ s&/one  #g4   
,l[] ,c>bonif]\s s&/one  #h4 ,qu>tzite  
base ( ,c>bonif]\s4  #i4 ,ar*aean4      
p[ell-canyons-#bef4;jpg  ,a4 ,bill      
,williams ,peak ,b4 ,t[] ( ,babel ,c4   
,colorado ,riv] ,f4 ,m\nt ,floyd4 '  ,g4
 ,monnt ,sitgreav54  ,i4 ,inn] ,gorge   
,,tt4 ,tw9 ,temples4 ,w4,c4 ,we/        
,cloi/]4  ,,key ,,to ,,! ,,panorama ,,f 
,,po9t ,,sublime4--,,look+ ,,s\?4  #a4  
,*]ry lime/one1 #bdj feet4  #c4 ,upp]   
,aubrey lime/one1 #cbj feet  #c4        
,cross-b$d$ s&/one1 #chj feet  #d4 ,l[] 
,aubrey s&/ones1 #iej feet4 #e4 ,upp]   
,r$ ,wall s&/ones1 #djj feet4 #f4 ,r$   
,wall lime/ones1 #a4ejj fett4  #g4 ,l[] 
,c>bonif]\s s&/ones1 #eej fret4  #h4    
,qu>tzite base ( ,c>bonif]\s1 #ahj feet4

  #i4 ,ar*aean4 p[ell-canyons-#beg4;jpg 
,,gr& ,,canyon ,,at ,,! ,,foot ,,( ,,!  
,,tor[eap1 ,,look+ ,,ea/4               
p[ell-canyons-#beh4;jpg  ,,! ,,great    
,,uncon=mity ,,at ,,! ,,head ,,( ,,!    
,,gr& ,,canyon4  ,,! ,,gr& ,,canyon4    
#cig  f\ndations ( ! e>? h be5 wr\ght   
into a sublime h>p1 ^u :i* ! cl\ds ( !  
heav5s play ) mighty tempe/s or ) g5tle 
%[]s4  ,! glories & ! beauties ( =m1    
color1 & s\nd unite 9 ! ,gr&            
,canyon--=ms unrival$ ev5 by ! m\nta9s1 
colors t vie ) sunsets1 & s\nds t span !
 diapason f tempe/ to t9kl+ ra9drop1 f  
cat>act to bubbl+ f\nta94 ,b m3 x is a  
va/ di/rict ( c\ntry4 ,7 x a valley pla9
 x w\ld make a /ate4 ,x c be se5 only 9 
p>ts f h\r to h\r & f day to day & f    
week to week & f mon? to mon?4 ,a ye>   
sc>cely suffices to see x all4 ,x has   
inf9ite v>iety1 & no "p is ev]          
duplicat$4 ,its colors1 ?\gh _m &       
complex at any in/ant1 *ange ) ! asc5d+ 
& decl9+ sun2 lights & %ad[s appe> &    
vani% ) ! pass+ cl\ds1 & ! *ang+ seasons

 m>k _! passage 9 *ang+ colors4 ,y _c   
see ! ,gr& ,canyon 9 "o view1 z if x 7 a
 *angeless spectacle f :i* a curta9     
might be lift$1 b to see x y h to toil f
 mon? to mon? ?r\gh its labyr9?s4 ,x is 
a region m difficult to trav]se ?an !   
,alps or ! ,himalayas1 b if /r5g? &     
c\rage are suffici5t = ! task1 by a     
ye>'s toil a concept ( sublimity c be   
obta9$ nev] aga9 to be equal$ on ! hi!r 
side ( ,p>adise4  #cii  ,,index4  ,,page
  ,apa*e ,indians1 home & "* ( ! 4444#bd
  ,art1 anci5t1 ve/iges (1 9 ! ,gila &  
,colorado valleys 4#bd  ,bad l&s1       
=mation & *>act]i/ics ( ! 4444#fh1ga    
,bad l&s ( ,gre5 ,riv] 44444444#abd     
,bak]1 ,john1 a fam\s m\nta9e]          
444444#aca  ,bi]/adt1 h[ he pa9ts a     
m\nta9 444444#chi  ,boats & c>goes1     
description ( 444444#aai  ,bosque       
,r$ondo1 ,navajos on a res]vation at !  
444#eb  ,bradley1 ,g4 ,t41 a memb] ( !  
exp$ition 44 4 4 4 4 4 4 v1 #abj        
,bradley rescues o!rs f ! wat]          
444444#bhd  ,buttes1 mesas1 plateaus1   

di/9ction betwe5 4444#df  ,canyon cutt+ 
9 ! upp] ,colorado bas9 4444#bi  ,cvate 
or cliff dwell+s ( ! ,tewan ,indians    
4444#ef  ,caves 9 a volcanic crat] us$ z
 habitations by ,indians 4#dc  ,caves 9 
cliffs us$ z habitations by ,indians    
4444#da  ,c]emony at ,%upaulovi to br+  
ra9 44444#cch-cdb  ,*amb]s excavat$ 9   
volcanic a%es by ,indians = habitations 
4 4 #db  ,*umehueva ,indians1 l[        
condition & =m] home ( ! #bg  ,*ur*1 h[ 
he pa9ts a m\nta9 444444#chi  ,c9d]-cone
 t[n =m]ly inhabit$ by ,indians 444#db  
,cliff dwell+s ( ! ,tewan ,indians      
444444#ef  ,cliff village ( ,walnut     
,cany on 4444444#da  ,collect+ specim5s 
( ! art ( ,tusayan 4444#cdb-cdd         
,colorado ,canyon brok5 by lat]al       
canyons 4444#bi  ,colorado ,des]t1 s+ul>
 *>act]i/ics ( ! 4444#bb  ,crat] t[n    
=m]ly inhabit$ by ,indians 4444#dc      
,cult societies among ! ,indiana        
4444444#cfc-cfd  ,dea?1 suppos$1 ( !    
au?or 4444444444 iii  ,digg] ,indians1 !
 orig9al 44444444#bg  ,dunn1 ,w4 ,h41 a 

memb] ( ! exp$ition 44444444 v1 #abj    
,dunn1 ,w4 ,h41 ab&ons ! p>ty & is kill$
 by ,indians 4#bhj1cbc  ,freeboot]s ( ! 
,plateau ,prov9ce 444444#hd  ,fremont's 
,peak1 height ( & view f 44444#fg       
,g>field1 ,j4 ,a41 insi/s on !          
publication ( ! hi/ory ( ! exp$ition 4  
iv  ,goodman1 ,frank1 a memb] ( !       
exp$ition 4444444 v1 #abj  ,goodman1    
,frank1 leaves ! p>ty 4444444#ahg       
,gov]nm5t1 civil1 milit>y1 & religi\s1  
among ! tribes ( ,tusayan 4 #cef-cfd    
,gr& ,canyon1 h[ =m$ 4 4 ' 4 4 4 4#hi   
,gr& ,canyon1 ! mo/ sublime spectacle on
 e>? 44#cij1cig  ,gr& ,canyon walls1    
elem5ts ( & height ( 444#bea1 #cgi-chi  
,hall1 ,&rew1 a memb] ( ! exp$ition     
4444444 v1 #abj  ,hano1 a visit to      
44444444444#cde  ,hano1 location &      
language ( 4444444#di  ,hawk9s1 ,w4 ,r41
 a memb] ( ! exp$ition 44444444 v1 #abj 
,r[l&1 ,o4 ,g41 a memb] ( ! exp$ition   
4444444 v1 #abj  ,r[l&1 ,s5eca1 a memb] 
( ! exp$ition 4444444 v1 #abj  ,h[l& &  
,dunn ab&on ! p>ty & are kill$ by       

,indians 4 4 #bhj1cbc  ,in/rum5ts1      
tools1 rations1 etc4 4444444#aai        
,irrigation & hydraulic works built by !
 ,indians 44#bd  ,irrigation develop$ by
 ! ,navajo & o!r ,indians 44#eb1 #aaa   
,kill+ by ! ,%ivwits ( ! ?ree m5 :o left
 ! p>ty #cbc 4  ,k9%ip ties among !     
tribes ( ,nor? ,am]ica 4444#cef-ceh     
,kit ,c>son1 lead]%ip (1 aga9/ !        
,navajos 4444#ea  ,m>icopa ,indians1    
home & "* ( ! 4444#bd  ,m>riage & k9%ip 
ties among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians 4 4
 4 #ceg-cei  ,ma%ongnavi1 a visit to    
444444444#cce  #dj #j ,,index4  ,,page  
,ma%ongnavi1 location & language (      
44444#di  ,m$ic9e-man z hi/orian1 prie/1
 & doctor 4 4 4 4 4 4#fe1ajf1cfc  ,m5 :o
 compos$ ! explor+ p>ty 44444#abj       
,mesas1 plateaus1 buttes1 di/9ction     
betwe5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #df  ,mogollon 
,esc>pm5t1 description ( ! 44444#bg     
,mojave ,indians1 =m] home & life ( ! 4 
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 #bg  ,moran1 ,?omas1 h[ he
 pa9ts a m\nta9 4444#chi  ,moran1       
,?omas1 pa9t+ ( ,! ,*asm ( ! ,colorado 4

 4 4 4#cbh  ,my?1 ,indian1 ( ! orig9 ( !
 ,colorado ,canyon & ,riv] #cg  ,my? ( !
 ,sokus ,waiunats1 or ,"o-,two ,boys    
444#cjc-caa  ,my?ic /ories ( ! ,ute &   
o!r ,indians 4444#fe1ajg  ,navajo       
,indians1 home1 *>act]i/ics1 language1  
art1 etc41 ( ! #ea  ,oraibi1 a visit to 
4444444444#cce  ,oraibi1 collect+ ! arts
 ( ! p ( 44444#cdb-cdd  ,oraibi1 life at
 44444444444#ccf-cch  ,oraibi1 location 
& language ( 4444444#di  ,pa9t$ ,des]t  
region1 description ( ! 44444#de        
,papago ,indians1 home & "* ( ! 44444#bd
  ,pe/il5ce & w> causes ( ab&onm5t (    
pueblos & ran*]ias 4 #aac  ,pima        
,indians1 home & "* ( ! 44444#bd        
,plateaus1 mesas1 buttes1 di/9ction     
betwe5 4444#df  ,p[ell1 ,w4 ,h41 a memb]
 ( ! exp$ition 44444444 v1 #abj  ,pueblo
 ,indians1 languages & culture ( ! 4 4 4
 4 4 4 4 ill  ,rabbit sn>+ by ! ,utes   
44444444#aje  ,rations1 clo?+1          
ammunition1 tools1 & sci5tific in/rum5ts
 4 4 4 #aai  ,rescu$ f a p]il\s position
 4444444#afi  ,ru9s 9 ! ,gr& ,canyon    

region 444444#ajg  ,ru9s ( anci5t       
pueblo-build+ tribes 9 ! valley ( !     
,little ,colorado  & vic9ity            
4444444444#di1ec  ,ru9s ( anci5t        
pueblo-build+ tribes on ,san ,francisco 
,plateau #dj  ,ru9s ( cavate or cliff   
dwell+s ( ! ,tewan ,indians 4#ef  ,sc5ic
 features ( ! ,canyon l& 4444444#cb     
,%ivwits *ief talks 4444444444#cba-cbc  
,%o%one ,indians1 home & life ( ! 4 4 4 
4 4 4 4 4 4#ga  ,%umopavi1 a visit to   
444444444#cce  ,%umopavi1 location &    
language ( 444444#di  ,%upaulovi1 a     
visit to 444444444#cch-bdb  ,%upaulovi1 
location & language ( 444444#di         
,si*umovi1 a visit to 4444444444#cde    
,si*umovi1 location & language (        
444444#di  ,snake dance at ,walpi       
444444444#cdf-cdg  ,sokus ,waiunats1 or 
,"o-,two ,boys 4444444#cjc-caa  ,spani% 
exp$itions & conqu]ors 9 ! ,s\?we/      
44#bfj  ,/>t+ f ,gre5 ,riv] ,city = !   
,canyon 4 4 4 4 4 4 4#aai  ,/ories1     
my?ic1 ( ! ,ute & o!r ,indians          
4444#fe1ajg  ,/orm bel[ ! behold]       

444444444#ih  ,sumn]1 ,j4 ,c41 a memb] (
 ! exp$ition 4444444 v1 #abj  ,?\s&     
,wells 44444444444#ccd  ,timb] region ( 
,arizona1 description ( ! 44444#ci      
,trumbull4 ,m\nt1 asc5t (               
44444444#cbd-cbe  ,tusayan1 ! sev5      
pueblos ( 4444444#di1cce  ,tusayan1     
tribes (1 gov]nm5t among ! 44444#cef-cfd
  ,tusayan1 two weeks sp5t at           
4444444#cce  ,u9ta ,indians1 home ( !   
44444444#ge  ,ute ,indians1 home1 life1 
dress1 etc41 ( ! 4 4 4 4 4 4            
#bg1fb1hd1ajd  ,volcanic du/1 enorm\s   
am\nt (1 on ,tewan ,plateau 44#ee       
,walpi1 a visit to 44444444444#cde      
,walpi1 location & language ( 4444444#di
  ,w> & pe/il5ce causes ( ab&onm5t (    
pueblos & ran*]ias 4 #aac  ,yell[/one   
,p>k1 ! l& ( geys] wond]s 4444#fg  ,yuma
 ,indians1 =m] home & life ( ! 4444#bg