,transcrib]'s ,note3                    
,9 ,memory (                            
,*ris ,curn[                            
7#aicg-bjbc7              ! ,project    
,manag] at ,di/ribut$ ,pro(read]s       
:o select$ ?is book1                    
& m ?an #bbjj o!rs1              to be  
pres]v$ z free digital transcriptions   
,?is book 0 writt5 bas$ on notes f :i* !
 au?or gave lectures4 ,consequ5tly1     
words may h multiple spell+ v>iations or
 inconsi/5t hyph5ation4 ,^! h be5 left  
un*ang$ unless indicat$ bel[4 ,obsolete 
spell+ 0 reta9$4 ,obvi\s pr9t+ errors1  
su* z backw>ds1 upside d[n1 rev]s$1     
dropp$1 or p>tially pr9t$ lett]s &      
punctuation1 7 correct$4 ,repeat$ words 
ov] l9e breaks 7 remov$4 ,an  0         
sub/itut$ = an n ) a macron4  ,words &  
phrases 9 italics are surr\nd$ by       
und]scores1 l ?is4 ,^? 9 bold are       
surr\nd$ by equal signs1 l ?is4         
,sid5otes are surr\nd$ by diamonds1  l  
?is4  ,f9al /ops miss+ at ! end (       
s5t5ces & abbreviations 7 add$4 ,book   

,,ii1 ,*apt] #c1 omits p>agraph #aj 4   
,footnotes 7 r5umb]$ sequ5tially4 ,!    
table ( g5]ic diff]5ces ( flavors 0     
re=matt$ to fit n>r[] scre5s4 ,a few    
page numb]s 9 ! index 7 correct$ to mat*
 ! relat$ text4  ,! foll[+ 7 *ang$3     
add$ miss+ ^w3 8(0 444 on ei!r side ( x1
 444   *ang$ 890 to 8its0 444 f its     
,inn] or ,c5tral ,p>ts 444   delet$ 8is0
 f 8z x is seems0 444 z x seems1 444    
add$ miss+ lett]s 8seve0 to 8sev]al0 444
 9 ! sev]al      ,p>cels 444   add$     
miss+ ^w3 8(0 444  ( a ,foot long 444   
add$ miss+ ^w3 8(0 444 ,inside ( ! ,%ea?
 444   add$ miss+ ^w3 8d0 444 ,9 ord] to
 d ?is 444  ,! foll[+ ov]all ,table (   
,cont5ts to ! book 0 add$ by !          
transcrib] = ! conv5i5ce ( read]s4      
,,preface     ,an ,,idea ( a            
,philosphical ,hi/ory  ( ,plants        
,book #a - ,! ,anatomy ( ,plants        
,( ! ,se$ 9 its ,/ate ( ,vegetation     
,( ! ,root          ,( ! ,trunk         
,( ! ,g]m51 ,bran*1 & ,leaf          ,( 
! ,fl[]          ,( ! ,fruit          ,(

 ! ,se$1 9 its ,/ate ( ,g5]ation        
,book #b1 ,"p #a - ,! ,anatomy ( ,roots 
,( ! ,orig9al1 ,figures1 ,motions &     
,ages ( ,roots          ,( ! ,sk9 (     
,roots          ,( ! ,b>que          ,( 
! ,wood          ,( ! ,pi?     ,book #b1
 ,"p #b - ,vegetation ( ,roots     ,book
 #c1 ,"p #a - ,anatomy ( ,trunks        
,description ( ,trunks1 to ! b>e eye    
,( ! ,b>que1 ?r\gh a microscope      ,( 
! ,wood      ,( ! ,pi?     ,book #c1 ,"p
 #b - ,vegetation ( ,trunks      ,( !   
,motion & ,c\rse ( ! ,sap      ,( !     
,motion & ,c\rse ( ! ,a]      ,( !      
,/ructure ( ! ,p>ts      ,( ! ,g5]ation 
( ,liquors      ,( ! ,figuration (      
,trunks      ,( ! ,motions ( ,trunks    
,( ! ,nature ( ,timb] or ,trunks        
,book #d - ,anatomy ( ,leaves1 ,fl[]s1  
,fruits & ,se$s      ,anatomy ( ,leaves 
,anatomy ( ,fl[]s      ,anatomy (       
,fruits      ,anatomy ( ,se$s           
,,lectures      ,mixture      ,luctation
      ,lixivial ,salts      ,m>9e ,salts
      ,col\rs ( ,plants      ,ta/s 9    

,plants      ,salts 9 ,wat]     ,,index 
,,explication ,,( ,,tables     ,,tables 
,at a ,meet+ ( ! ,c\ncil ( ! ,,royal    
,,society1 ,feb4 #bb4 #afha_/b   ,dr4   
,grew hav+ read sev]al ,lectures ( !    
,anatomy ( ,plants1 "s :]e( h be5       
already pr9t$ at div]s times1 & "s are n
 pr9t$2 ) sev]al o!r ,lectures ( _!     
,col\rs1 ,od\rs1 ,ta/s1 & ,salts2 z also
 ( ! ,solution ( ,salts 9 ,wat]2 & (    
,mixture2 all ( !m to ! satisfaction ( !
 said ,society3 ,x is !re=e ,ord]$1 ,t  
,he be desir$1 to cause !m to pr9t$     
toge!r 9 "o ,volume4                    
,,*r4 ,,wr5 ,p4,r4,s4                   
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,plants4                               
,,) ,,an                                
,,idea                                  
,,( ,a                                  
,philosophical ,hi/ory ( ,plants1       
,& sev]al o!r                           
,,lectures1                             

,read be=e !                            
,,royal ,,society4                      
,by ,,nehemjah ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[     
( ! ,,royal ,,society1 & ( !            
,,college ( ,,physicians4               
,pr9t$ by ,w4 ,rawl9s1 = ! ,au?or1      
#afhb4                                  
,,to ,,8 ,,mo/                          
,sacr$ ,maje/y                          
,,*>les ,,ii4                           
,k+ ( ,great ,brita91 c4   ,may x please
 ,y\r ,maje/y1  ,! ,d$ication ( "o ,"p (
 ! foll[+ ,anatomy hav+ be5 v graci\sly 
receiv$ by ,y\r ,maje/y3 ,i am n[       
embold5$ mo/ humbly to pres5t ! ,:ole   
into ,y\r ,royal ,h&s4  ,by :i* ,y\r    
,maje/y w f9d1 ,t !re are ,t]r ,incognit
 9 ,philosophy1 z well z ,geography4 ,& 
= s mu*1 z lies "h1 x comes to pass1 ,i 
"k n h[1 ev5 9 ?is ,inquisitive ,age1 ,t
 ,i am ! fir/1 :o h giv5 a ,map ( !     
,c\ntry4  ,y\r ,maje/y w "h see1 ,t !re 
are ^? ?+s )9 a ,plant1 little less     
admirable1 ?an )9 an ,animal4 ,t a      
,plant1 z well z an ,animal1 is compos$ 

( sev]al ,organical ,p>ts2 "s :]e( may  
be call$ its ,b[els4 ,t e ,plant ha?    
,b[els ( div]s k9ds1 conte9+ div]s k9ds 
( ,liquors4 ,t ev5 a ,plant lives p>tly 
^u ,a]2 = ! reception :]e(1 x ha? ^?    
,p>ts :i* are answ]able to ,lungs4 ,s t 
a ,plant is1 z x 71 an ,animal 9        
,quires2 z an ,animal is a ,plant1 or r 
sev]al ,plants b\nd up into "o ,volume4 
,aga91 t all ! said ,organs1 ,b[els1 or 
o!r ,p>ts1 are z artificially made2 & = 
_! ,place & ,numb]1 z punctually set    
toge!r2 z all ! ,ma!matick ,l9es ( a    
,fl[] or ,face4 ,t ! ,/aple ( ! ,/uff is
 s exquisitely f9e1 t no ,silk-worm is  
able to draw any ?+ ne> s small a ,?r$4 
,s t "o :o walks ab\t ) ! meane/ ,/ick1 
holds a ,piece ( ,natures ,h&icraft1 :i*
 f> surpasses ! mo/ elaborate ,wo( or   
,ne$le-,"w 9 ! ,_w4  ,t by all ^!       
,means1 ! ,asc5t ( ! ,sap1 !            
,di/ribution ( ! ,a]1 ! ,confection (   
sev]al sorts ( ,liquors1 z ,lympha's1   
,milks1 ,oyls1 ,balsames2 ) o!r p>ts (  
,vegetation1 are all contriv$ & br\ght  

ab\t 9 a ,me*anical way4 ,9 sum1 ,y\r   
,maje/y w f9d1 t we are come a%ore into 
a new ,_w1 :]e( we see no end4  ,x may  
be1 t "s w say1 into ano!r ,utopia4 ,yet
 n ,i1 b ,nature speake? ^! ?+s3 ! only 
true ,pallas1 :]e) x is treasonable = ! 
mo/ c\ri\sly h&$ ,ara*ne to comp>e4 ,9  
^: ,"n1 ,i1 ! meane/ ( h] ,pupils1 d 9  
all humility crave ,y\r ,maje/ies       
,graci\s ,patronage4 ,:]e( ,i _c d\bt1  
s9ce ,y\r ,maje/y ha? be5 pleas$ to be !
 ,f\nd]1 & to /yle ,y\r ,self ! ,patron 
( t ,society1 ( :i* ,i h ! hon\r to be a
 ,memb]4 ,y\r ,maje/y deem+ x to be a m 
,noble ,design1 ,to enl>ge ! ,t]ritories
 ( ,k1 ?an ^? ( ,dom9ion3 & ! ,highe/   
,pit* ( ,human ,glory1 n to rule1 9 any 
sort1 ov] _m2 b to be a ,good ,pr9ce ov]
 ,wise ,m54 ,i am                       
,y\r ,maje/ies                          
mo/ humble                              
&                               mo/     
ob$i5t                                  
,subject                                
,,nehemjah ,,grew4                      

,,!                                     
,,preface4   ,x is a ,politick or ,civil
 ,virtue 9 e prud5t mans ,eye1 ,to set  
himself an example1 9 :at he do?1 unto  
o!rs4 ,& 9 s do+1 he looks ^u himself z 
acc\ntable1 9 "s sort1 to all ,m54 ,to  
^? !re=e1 :o may ei!r expresly1 or      
tacitly1 expect ! ,reasons1 ^u :i* ,i   
fir/ und]took ! ,anatomy ( ,plants1 &   
also made ! aft]-progress !re92 ,i %all 
summe !m up z foll[s4  ,! fir/ occasion 
( direct+ my ,?\ghts ?is way1 0 9 ! ,ye>
 #affd1 ^u read+ "s1 ( ! _m & curi\s    
,inv5tions ( ,le>n$ ,m51 9 ! ,bodies (  
,animals4 ,= consid]+1 t bo? ( !m came  
at fir/ out ( ! same ,h&2 & 7 !re=e !   
,contrivances ( ! same ,wisdom3 ,i !nce 
fully assur$ my self1 t x c\ld n be a   
va9 ,design2 to seek x 9 bo?4 ,& be+ !n 
newly furni%$ ) a good /ock ( ,se$s1 9  
ord] to raise a ,nurs]y ( ,plants2 ,i   
resolv$1 besides :at ,i fir/ aim$ at1 to
 make ! utmo/ use ( !m = t purpose3 t s 
,i might put some:at ^u t side ! ,leaf  
:i* ! be/ ,botanicks _h left b>e &      

empty4 ,& 9 :i*1 not)/&+ "s o!r ,le>n$  
,m5 _h inf]r$ some:at ( ?is nature2 z   
,dr4 ,highmore 9 8 ,book ( ,g5]ation1   
,dr4 ,%>rock ( ! ,propagation ( ,plants1
 & ,mr4 ,hook 9 8 ,micrography3 yet b   
collat]ally1 & :i?\t %ew+ any purpose ( 
manag+ ?is ,"p ( ,natural ,hi/ory4 ,&   
al?\gh x seem$ at fir/ an ,objection 9  
my way1 ,t ! fir/ projectors seldome br+
 _! bus9ess to any good end3 yet ,i also
 knew1 ,t if ,m5 %\ld /ay = an ,example 
9 e ?+2 no?+ extraord9>y w\ld ev] be    
done4  ,b not)/&+ ! reasonabl5ess ( !   
,design2 yet ,i did n =get1 t1 9 respect
 ( ! ,und]tak]1 !re might be ,imp>      
congressus4 ,& !re=e1 be=e ,i _h v5tur$ 
v f>1 9 ! ,ye> #affh1 ,i imp>t$ x to my 
,bro!r-9-,law1 ! ,le>n$ ,dr4 ,h5ry      
,sampson1 n[ ,fell[ ( ! ,coll$ge (      
,physicians 9 ,london4 ,:o n only v well
 lik$ ! same2 b also excit$ me to a     
vigor\s & accurate prosecution ( x4 ,:i*
 he did1 p>tly1 by m5tion+ a v p]t95t   
passage ( ,dr4 ,glisson1 9 ! ,preface to
 8 ,book de ,hepate1#a :i* ,i _h n !n   

read4    ,plant quoque 9 hunc c5sum 7sc4
 ,anatomicum7 v5iunt2 v>i enim   ,p>tium
 textur1  diff]5tiis con/ant3           
proculdubio1 ex acurata   e>undem       
dissectione1 utiles valde obs]vationes  
nobis exurg]5t3   pr/>etque 9 illis     
7inf]ioris licet ord9is7 rebus exam9&is 
op]am imp5d]e1 quam 9 transcrib5dis ut  
spe sit1 aliorum   laboribus1 inutilit] 
tatem transig]e4 ,quippe hoc pacto1     
ignav>um   apum m1 ali5a duntaxat       
alve>ia expilamus1 nihilque bono publico
   adjicimus4       #a ,*4 #a4  ,aft] ,i
 _h f9i%$ ! ,fir/ ,book1 t ,i might "k !
 s5se also ( o!r ,le>n$ ,m51 :e!r ! /eps
 ,i _h already tak51 w\ld w>rant me to  
proce$ any fur!r3 ,i put "s "p ( x into 
! same ,h&2 :o1 9 ! ,ye> #afgj1         
communicat$ ! same to ,mr4 ,old5burge1  
!n ,secret>y to ! ,royal ,society3 &    
aft] he _h read x ov]1 x 01 ^u 8 motion1
 deliv]$ to t excell5t ,p]son ,dr4 ,john
 ,wilk9s !n ,bi%op ( ,*e/]2 :o produc$ x
 at a ,meet+ ( ! ,royal ,society1 &     
desir$1 !y might see ! re/4 ,:i*1 or !  

greate/ "p1 be+ also pres5t$ to !m1 !   
,"r ,hon\rable ! ,"l ,vic\nt ,br\nck]1  
!n ,presid5t ( ! ,royal ,society1 0     
pleas$ to p]use ! same4 ,pres5tly1 aft] 
:i*1 at a ,meet+ ( ! ,c\ncil ( ! said   
,society1 ! foll[+ ,ord] 0 made1 & entr$
 9 _! ,c\ncil-,book ) ?is ,date1 & 9 ^! 
words3                              ,may
 #aa #afga4      ,!n 0 ,lic5s$ ,dr4     
,nehemjah ,grew's ,book1 ,entitul$1 ,!  
,anatomy ( ,vegetables begun2 toge!r )  
an acc\nt ( ,vegetation   gr\nd$        
!reupon4 ,& ,ord]$ to be ,pr9t$ by !    
,pr9t] to !   ,royal ,society4          
,h]eupon1 ,i 0 oblig$ to s5d ! ,book to 
! ,press4 ,& ^u ! #i ( ,novemb] foll[+ 9
 ! same ,ye> #afga1 :5 x 0 ne> be+      
pr9t$1 my ,"l ,br\n*] sign$ ! =em5tion$ 
,ord]3 ! ,pr9t]1 ^: ,"n 0 to be ins]t$  
!re91 n hav+ receiv$ 8 ,diploma till t  
"t4  ,! ,book be+ quickly aft] pr9t$ (f2
 ,i ord]$ x to be ,pres5t$ to ! ,royal  
,society2 :i* 0 accord+ly done at "o (  
_! ,meet+s ,decemb] #g1 #afga4 ,& also  
to be s5t to ! ,bi%op ( ,*e/]2 :o 0     

pleas$ to signifie 8 acceptance !re( by 
a ,lett] dat$ at ,*e/]1 ,decemb] #bf    
#afga4 n[ fil$ among/ o!rs 9 ! ,cu/ody (
 ! ,royal ,society3 "p :]e(1 9 reg>d x  
relates to matt] ( ,fact1 ,i %all "h    
recite4       ,sir1    ,i did ye/]day   
receive y\r ,book2 & am v s5sible ( !   
,hon\r y h done me 9 ! ,d$ication ( x4  
,y 0 v happy   9 ! *oice ( ?is ,subject 
to write ^u2 "o ( ! mo/ ,noble   & ! mo/
 ,copi\s p>ts ( ,philosophy2 & su* an   
"o1 z ha?   hi!rto la9 uncultivat$4 ,& y
 h be5 v successful 9   y\r fir/        
,attempt ab\t x1 9 s _m rem>kable       
,obs]vations &   ,discov]ies1 z y h made
 already4 ,i c\ld he>tily wi%1 t   y    
w\ld /ill apply y\r self to ?is k9d (   
,enquiries4 ,y w   f9d t ,additionals w 
come 9 m copi\sly & easily4 ,& x   is n 
fit1 t any "o %\ld1 by 8 ,sup]/ructions1
 c>ry away   ! praise f him1 :o 0 ! fir/
 ,inv5tor1 & :o laid !   ,f\ndations1   
:]e9 ! greate/ difficulty do? consi/1 c4
  ,hav+ ?us submitt$ my self to !       
,judgm5t ( _m ,le>n$ ,m52 ,i saw t my   

,j\rney mu/ n "h end4 ,s t1 l "o :o is  
got into a ,wood1 ,i ?\ght ,i might z   
fairly f9d my way out1 by go+ on1 z by  
mak+ a retreat4 ,:]eupon1 ,i began to   
draw up a ,s*eme ( ! :ole ,design4      
,:ile ,i 0 do+ ?is1 ,i receiv$ news f   
,london1 t ! same day1 ,decemb] #g4     
#afga1 9 :i* my ,book1 !n pr9t$1 0      
pres5t$ to ! ,royal ,society3 !re 0 also
 pres5t$ a ,manuscript 7)\t ,figures7 f 
,seignior ,malpighi1 ^u ! same ,subject2
 dat$ at ,bononia1 ,novemb]1 #a #afga4 !
 same1 :i* ,mr4 ,old5burge1 :5 x came to
 be pr9t$1 calle? 8 ,idea4 ,& ( ?is1    
entry 0 made 9 _! ,j\rnal ,book4 ,s t ! 
,royal ,society hav+ n[ a ,prospect ( ! 
good s]vice ( an ,anci5t ,memb]1 & "o1  
:o _h highly m]it$ by 8 ,works !n       
extant2 f !nce =w>d1 ,i look$ ^u my self
 to be excus$4  ,b soon aft]1 receiv+   
ano!r ,lett] f ! ,bi%op ( ,*e/]1 dat$ at
 ,london1 ,febr4 #ah4 #afgb4 ,i f\nd !  
matt] o!rwise2 & t ! ,society 7 pleas$  
to engage me to proce$4 ,:]e( entry 0   
made by ! ,secret>y 9 _! ,j\rnal ,book1 

at "o ( _! ,meet+s1 ,april1 #ah4 #afgb1 
9 ^! words3    ,! ,society 0 made       
acqua9t$ ) "o p>ticul> lately pass$   9 
! ,c\ncil2 sc4 ,t ! ,bi%op ( ,*e/] _h   
!re propos$   ,dr4 ,grew to be a        
,curator to ! ,royal ,society = !       
,anatomy   ( ,plants3 & t ! ,c\ncil _h  
approv$ ( t ,proposal4   ,^u :i*1 x 0   
,ord]$1 ,t ! ,?anks ( ! ,society be     
return$ to ! ,"l ,bi%op ( ,*e/]1 = ?is  
,proposal1 & to   ! ,c\ncil = _!        
,approbation ( ! same4  ,?is !y might be
 induc$ to d2 ^u consid]+1 t x w\ld be  
no disadvantage to ! cr$it ( ^? matt]s1 
:i* 7 s new & /range1 to be (f]$ to !   
,_w f a d\ble ,au?ority4 ,= "o1 al?\gh  
he may h no m9d to deceive2 yet is x m  
likely = "o1 ?an = two1 to be deceiv$4  
,likewise1 t ! same ,subject1 be+       
prosecut$ by two ,h&s1 w\ld be ! m      
illu/rat$ by ! diff]5t ,examples produc$
 by bo?4 ,& t1 z 9 o!r matt]s1 s "h1 !  
defects ( bo?1 w\ld mutually be supply$4
  ,:e!r = ^!1 or o!r ,reasons also1 !y 7
 pleas$ to pass ! =em5tion$ ,ord]2 t be+

 done1 x _h be5 v ill mann]s 9 me1 n to 
h answ]$ _! expectation !re94 ,& !re=e  
reassum+ ! ,design ,i _h laid by1 & hav+
 r$uc$ x to "s intelligible ,idea1 x 0  
submitt$ to ! ,c5sure ( ! ,royal        
,society3 & x 0 !reupon ord]$ x %\ld be 
pr9t$4  ,n long aft]1 ,i receiv$ a      
,curi\s & ,le>n$ ,book f ,mons4 ,dod>t1 
,ar*iat] to ! ,pr9ce ( ,conde1 & ,fell[ 
( ! ,royal ,academy at ,p>is2 9 p]suance
 ( ^: ,ord]1 x 0 by him compos$ &       
publi%$4 ,:i* be+ a ,design ( a l       
,import1 ,i 0 glad to see x s f>        
ju/ify'd by t ,illu/ri\s ,society1 z    
well z by our own4  ,9 ?is ,idea1 "o    
pr9cipal ,?+ ,i insi/ ^u1 = a           
,philosophical ,hi/ory ( ,plants1 is    
,anatomy4 ,&1 agree+ to ! ,me?od !re9   
propos$1 all ! ,obs]vations conte9$ 9 ! 
,fir/ ,book1 except "o or two1 7 made ) 
! ,nak$ ,eye4 ,to ! end1 ,i might fir/  
give a pro(1 ,h[ f> x 0 possible = u to 
g1 )\t ! help ( ,glasses3 :i* _m ,+5i\s 
,m5 want2 & m1 ! pati5ce to manage !m4  
,= ! ,tru? ( ^! ,obs]vations1 ,seignior 

,malpighi1 hav+ procur$ my ,book to be  
translat$ into ,lat9 = 8 private use1   
speaks 8 own s5se1 9 "s ( 8 ,lett]s to  
,mr4 ,old5burge1 pr9t$ at ! end ( 8     
,anatomy ( ,plants4 ,& "s ( !m1 h s9ce  
be5 confirm$1 bo? by our ,le>n$         
,c\ntry-m5 ,dr4 ,wallis1 & ,mr4 ,li/]2 &
 by ! ,+5i\s ,mr4 ,lew5hoeck1 abroad4   
,hav+ ?us begun ) ! b>e ,eye2 ,i next   
proce$$ to ! use ( ! ,microscope4 ,& !  
,obs]vations !reby made1 fir/ on ,roots1
 & aft]w>ds on ,trunks & ,bran*es1      
toge!r ) ! ,figures1 7 all exhibit$ to !
 ,royal ,society at sev]al times f ,may 
#ae4 #afgb4 to ,april #b4 #afgd2 be+ !  
,mat]ials = ! ,second & ,?ird ,p>ts3 &  
h]e( ,memorials 7 ins]t$ 9 _! ,j\rnal   
,books4  ,aft] ?is1 ! ,royal ,society   
receiv$ f ,seignior ,malpighi 8 ,second 
,"p ( ! ,anatomy ( ,plants1 toge!r ) !  
,figures !re9 describ$1 & 8 ,lett]s to  
_! ,secret>y1 dat$ at ,bononia ,aug4 #bj
 ( ! same ye> #afgd4 :51 & n be=e1 he   
gave leave t ! two said ,p>ts %\ld be   
pr9t$4  ,s soon z ,i _h f9i%$ ! ,second 

& ,?ird ,p>ts1 ,i proce$$ to ! ,la/1 sc4
 ( ,leaves1 ,fl[]s1 ,fruits & ,se$s3 &  
^? ,?+s ,i met )1 m rem>quable1 7       
pres5t$ to ! said ,society 9 ! ,ye>s    
#afgf  #afgg4 ,& ! publi%+ ( ! =m] ,p>ts
 successively1 z well z ( all toge!r1   
ha? be5 done 9 pursuance ( _! sev]al    
,ord]s = ! same4  ,hav+ conclud$ !      
,hi/ory ( ,p]fect ,plants2 ,i int5d$ to 
h subjoyn$ ! ,description ( ^? :i* are  
,imp]fect4 ,z also ( ,p>asitical1 ,m>9e1
 & ,s5sitive ,plants4 ,& la/ly1 a view (
 ! *ief ,p>ticul>s1 :]e9 ! ,me*anisme ( 
a ,plant1 is diff]5t f t ( an ,animal4  
,b ^! ?+s ,i leave to "s o!r ,h&4  ,!   
,fir/ ,book1 a little aft] x came =?2 0 
translat$ into ! ,fr5* ,tongue1 by      
,mons4 ,le ,vasseur an ,+5i\s ,g5tleman 
9 ,p>is2 elegantly1 & 9 ! ,judgm5t ( ^? 
:o are well skill$ 9 t ,language1 ) mu* 
exactness1 z to ! s5se4 ,he hav+ tak5   
special c>e1 to h all ! difficulties (  
our own1 by ,me1 cle>$ to him4 ,& 9 a   
late ,book ,entitul$1 ,philosophia vetus
  nova pr9t$ at ,norib]g #afhb4 ! ,le>n$

 ,au?or seems to h made use ( ?is       
,translation1 = all t he ha? tak5 notice
 ( 9 t my ,fir/ ,book4  ,by ! ,+5i\s    
,collectors ( ! ,g]man ,ephem]ides1 bo? 
my ,fir/1 ,second1 & ,?ird ,books1 are  
all publi%$ 9 ,lat9e4 ,b _! unskilful   
,int]pret] do? (t5 fail ( ! ,grammatical
 ,s5se4 ,^: ,errors1 _m ( !m v gross1 ,i
 desire may be imput$ nei!r to !m1 nor  
to my self4  ,besides ^!1 ! ,second     
,lecture ( ,mixture is also translat$   
into ,fr5*1 by ,mons4 ,mesm9 a ,le>n$   
,physician 9 ,p>is3 ^: ,v]sion is v well
 approv$ by ^? :o are compet5t ,judges  
h]e(4  ,?is1 & ! re/ :i* foll[1 are     
plac$1 n 9 ! ord] ( ,"t2 b m accord+ to 
_! ,nature or ,relation "o to ano!r4    
,all ( !m int5d$ z a ,comm5t>y ^u "s    
p>ticul>s m5tion$1 ei!r 9 ! ,fir/       
,lecture1 or 9 ! ,idea4  ,9 ! ,plates1 =
 ! cle>] conception ( ! ,"p describ$1 ,i
 h repres5t$ x1 g5]ally1 z entire1 z its
 be+ magnifi$ to "s good degree1 w\ld   
be>4 ,s1 = in/ance1 n ! ,b>que1 ,wood1  
or ,pi? ( a ,root or ,tree1 by x self2 b

 at lea/1 "s portion ( all ?ree toge!r3 
,:]eby1 bo? _! ,texture1 & also _!      
,relation "o to ano!r1 & ! ,fabrick ( ! 
:ole1 may be obs]v$ at "o ,view4 ,yet h 
,i n e :]e magnify'd ! ,"p to ! same    
degree2 b m or less1 z 0 necess>y to    
repres5t :at is spok5 ( x4 ,& v highly1 
only 9 "s few ,examples1 z 9 ,tab4 #dj4 
:i* may suffice to illu/rate ! re/4 ,"s 
( ! ,plates1 especially ^? :i* ,i did n 
draw to ! ,engrav]s h&1 are a little h>d
 & /iff3 b !y are all well en\gh done1  
to repres5t :at !y int5d4               
,,an                                    
,,idea                                  
,,( ,a                                  
,philosophical ,hi/ory                  
,,(                                     
,,plants4                               
,read be=e !                            
,,royal ,,society1                      
,janu>y #h4 & ,janu>y #ae4 #afgb4       
,by ,,nehemjah ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[ ( ! 
,royal ,society1 & ( ! ,college (       
,physicians4                            

,! ,second ,edition4                    
,,london1                       ,pr9t$  
by ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                  
,,to ,,!                                
,mo/ ,illu/ri\s                         
,,!                                     
,,royal ,,society1                      
,! foll[+                               
,,idea                               ,is
 mo/ ,,humbly                           
,,pres5t$4                              
,,&1                             ,9 _!  
,,names also                            
,,propos$                               
,,to ,,!                                
,,consid]ation                          
,( o!r                                  
,le>n$ ,m54                             
,by ! ,,au?or                           
,,nehemjah ,,grew4                      
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts4   ,unto :at ,degree ! k (    
,plants is arriv$1 4 #a4 ,:]e9          
defective1 4 #b4 ,:y conclud$ to be s1 4
 #c4 ,yet capable ( ,improvem5t1 4 #d4  

,& wor?y ( x1 4 #e4  ,div]s ,in/ances   
giv51 :]e92 fir/ ( ! ,organical ,p>ts1 z
 to _! ext]nal ,accid5ts & ,oeconomical 
,uses1 #f4 ,!n ( _! ,cont5ts1           
,qualities1 & ,p[]s1 #g4 ,& an          
,improvem5t ( ?is ,"p1 w fur!r t ( div]s
 o!r p>ts ( k2 :]e( ,in/ances are giv51 
#h4  ,9 ord] :]eto1 ,five ,g5]al ,means 
are prop\nd$1 #i4 ,! ,fir/1 a p>ticul> &
 comp>ative ,survey ( :atev] is ( m     
,ext]nal consid]ation ab\t ,plants1 #aj4
 ,in/anc$ z to _! ,figures1 #aa1 #ab4   
,proportions1 #ac4 ,seasons1 #ad4       
,places1 #ae4 ,motions1 #af4  ,!        
,second1 ,a l ,survey ( ! ,organical    
,p>ts by ,anatomy1 z t :i* is v         
necess>y1 #ag4 ,9 :at mann] to be       
prosecut$1 bo? )\t1 & ) ! ,microscope1  
#ah4 ,:at !reupon to be obs]v$1 #ai4 ,& 
:at1 f obs]vantion made1 probably       
atta9able1 #bj4  ,! ,?ird1 ,a l ,survey 
( ! ,cont5ts ( ,plants2 _! sev]al ,k9ds1
 #ba4 ,( all :i*1 _! ,receptacles1 #bb4 
,motions1 #bc4 ,qualities1 #bd4         
,consi/5ce1 #be4 ,col\rs1 ,smells1 &    

,ta/es1 #bf4 ,:]e also ! same ,qualities
 are to be inquir$ into1 z g5]ally      
belong+ to ,plants1 #bf4 ,z _! ,col\rs1 
#bg4 ,od\rs1 #bh4 ,ta/es1 #bi4 ,also _! 
,faculties1 #cj4 ,all ^! to be fur!r    
exam9$1 #ca4 ,by ,contusion1 #cb4       
,agitation1 #cc4 ,frigifaction1 #cd4    
,infusion1 #ce4 ,subsession1 #cf4       
,dige/ion1 #cg1 #ch4 ,decoction1 #ci4   
,de/illation1 #dj4 ,arefaction1 #da4    
,assation1 #db4 ,u/ion1 #dc4            
,calc9ation1 #dd4 ,by ,composition ) o!r
 ,bodies1 #de4 ,& by ,comp\nd+ !        
,exp]im5t x self1 #df4 ,:at h5ce        
atta9able1 #dg4  ,! ,f\r?1 ,a l ,survey 
( ! ,pr9ciples1 z well z ( ! ,cont5ts1 (
 ! ,organical ,p>ts1 #dh4 ,! ,difficulty
 h]e(1 9 "s respects cle>$1 #di4 ,fur!r1
 by two ,in/ances1 #ej1 #ea4 ,"s        
,rem>ques h]eupon1 ( ! ,pr9ciples (     
,plants1 #eb4 ,f h5ce w be atta9able a  
fur!r k ( ! ,modes ( ,vegetation1 #ec4  
,( ! ,qualities ( ,vegetables1 #ed4 ,& (
 _! ,p[]s1 #ee1 #ef4  ,! ,fif?1 ,a l    
,survey ( ^? ,bodies1 ei!r f :i* ^!     

,pr9ciples are d]iv$1 or :]e) !y h any  
communion1 #eg4 ,:i* are ,f\r 9 g5]al1  
soil1 ,e>?1 & all solid ,receptacles1   
#eh4 ,wat]1 & all liquid ,receptacles1  
#ei4 ,a]1 #fj4 ,& ,sun1 #fa4  ,a ,six?  
,g5]al ,inquiry1 only h9t$1 #fb4  ,!    
,conclusion1 #fc4                       
,,an                                    
,,idea                                  
,,( ,a                                  
,philosophical ,hi/ory                  
,,(                                     
,,plants4   ,,if ,,we take an acc\nt ( !
 ,degrees :]eunto ! ,k ( ,vegetables is 
,advanc$1 x appe>e?1 ,t besides ! great 
,v>ieties1 :i* ! ,successful ,arts (    
,flori/s1 or ,transplantations f "o     
,climate to ano!r1 h produc$2 we h v _m 
,species br\ght to light1 especially    
,natives ( ! ,indies1 :i* ! ,anci5ts1 = 
any ?+ t appe>s 9 _! ,writ+s n[ extant1 
7 ignorant (4 ,9 :i* p>ticul> ,clusius1 
,columna1 ,baub9us1 ,boccone1 & o!rs1 h 
p]=m$ mu*4 ,)all1 ,t _! ,descriptions 7(
 all ,p>ts above gr\nd7 _! ,places &    

,seasons1 are ) good dilig5ce &         
precis5ess set be=e u4 ,likewise _!     
,ord] & ,k9dr$3 = ! adju/+ :]e( our     
,le>n$ ,c\ntryman ,mr4 ,ray1 & ,dr4     
,morrison1 h bo? tak5 v laudable pa9s4  
,z also ! ord]+ ( !m ) respect to _!    
,alim5tal & ,me*anick ,uses2 = :i*1     
among/ o!rs1 ,mr4 ,evelyn & ,dr4 ,beal h
 des]v$ _m ?anks1 & great praise4 ,we   
are also in=m$1 ( ! ,natures &          
infallible ,faculties ( _m ( !m4        
,:]eunto s _m z h assi/$1 h mu* oblig$  
_! ,po/]ity4  #b4 4 ,by due ,reflection 
^u :at ha? be5 ,p]=m$2 x also appe>s1   
:at is left ,imp]fect1 & :at ,undone4 ,=
 ! ,virtues ( mo/ ,plants1 are ) mu*    
unc]ta9ty1 & too promiscu\sly ascrib$ to
 !m4 ,s t if y turn ov] an ,h]bal1 y    
%all f9d almo/ e ,h]b1 to be good = e   
,disease4 ,& ( ! ,virtues ( _m1 !y are  
altoge!r sil5t4 ,& al?\gh1 = ! f9d+ out1
 & j appropriation ( !m1 !y h left u "s 
,rules1 yet n all4 ,! ,descriptions     
likewise ( _m1 are yet to be p]fect$2   
especially z to _! ,roots4 ,^? :o are v 

curi\s ab\t ! o!r ,p>ts1 be+ yet "h too 
remiss4 ,& z = _! ,figures1 x 7 mu* to  
be wi%$1 ,t !y 7 all drawn by "o ,scale2
 or1 at mo/1 by ,two2 "o1 = ,trees &    
,%rubs2 & ano!r = ,h]bs4 ,_m likewise ( 
_! ,ranks & ,aff9ities1 are yet         
undet]m9$4 ,& a great numb] ( ,names1   
bo? ,engli% & ,lat9e1 n well giv54 ,s   
:at we call ,goat's-,rue1 is n at all ( 
k9 to t ,plant1 ^: ,g5]ical ,"n x be>s4 
,! l may be said ( ,wild-,tansy1        
,/ock-,july-,fl[]s1 ,horse-,radi%1 & _m 
m4 ,s also :5 we say ,bellis ,major1    
,m9or1 z we commonly d1 ^! ,names w\ld  
intimate1 ,t ! ,plants to :i* !y are    
giv51 diff] 7z ! great d\ble ,m>igold1  
do? f ! less7 only 9 ,bulk3 :]eas1 9    
tru?1 !y are two ,species ( ,plants4 ,s 
we commonly say1 ,c5taurium ,majus      
,m9us1 ,*elidonium ,majus  ,m9us1 & (   
o!rs 9 l mann]1 :i* yet are di/9ct      
,species1 & ( v diff]5t ,tribes4 ,b = ! 
,reason ( ,vegetation1 & ! ,causes ( all
 ^? inf9ite ,v>ieties !re9 obs]vable 7,i
 mean s f> z ,matt]1 & ! v>i\s          

,affections h]e(1 are in/rum5tal        
!reunto7 almo/ all ,m5 h seem$ to be    
unconc]n$4  #c4 4 ,t ,no?+ h]e( rema9e? 
fur!r to be kn[n1 is a ,?\ght n well    
,calculat$4 ,= if we consid] h[ long &  
gradual a ,j\rney ! ,k ( ,nature is2 &  
h[ %ort a ,"t we h to proce$ !re92 z on 
! "o h&1 we %all conclude x our ease &  
pr(it1 ,to see h[ f> ,o!rs h gone be=e  
u3 s %all we bew>e on ! o!r1 ,t we      
conceive n unduly ( ,nature1 :il/ we h a
 j value = ,^?1 :o 7 b h] ,disciples1 & 
in/ruct$ by ,h]4 ,_! ,"t & ,abilities   
bo?1 be+ %ort to h]2 :i*1 z ,%e 0 fir/  
,design$ by ,div9e ,wisdom2 s may ,h]   
va/ ,dim5sions be/ be adjudg$ (1 9 be+  
comp>$ ,!re)4 ,x w !re=e be our         
,prud5ce1 n to insi/ ^u ! ,invidi\s ,"q1
 ,:i* ( ,h] ,s*ol>s h tak5 ! faire/     
measure ( ,h]2 b to be well satisfi$1 t 
z yet ,%e ha? n be5 ,circumscrib$ by    
,any4  #d4 4 ,nor do? x m behove u to   
consid]1 h[ mu* ( ! ,nature (           
,vegetation may lie be=e u yet unkn[n2  
,?an1 to believe1 a great "p !re( to be 

kn[able4 ,n conclud+ f ! ackn[l$g$1 mu* 
less suppos$ ,insuccessfulnes1 ( any    
,m5s ,und]tak+s3 b f :at may be acc\nt$ 
,possible1 z to ! ,nature ( ?+s         
!mselves2 & f ,div9e ,provid5ce1 by     
,inf9ite ,ways conduct+ to ! k ( !m4    
,nei!r c we det]m9e h[ great a "p ,?is  
may be3 ,because1 ,x is impossible to   
,measure1 :at we ,see n4 ,& s9ce we are 
mo/ likely to "u-measure1 we %all h]eby 
b intr5* our ,endeav\rs1 :i* we are n   
wont to c>ry beyond ! ,idea1 :i* we h ( 
our ,"w4  #e4 4 ,& h[ f> soev] ?is k9d (
 ,k may be atta9able1 its be+ s f> also 
wor?y our atta9m5t w be grant$4 ,=      
behold+ ! ,_m & ,elegant ,v>ieties1 :]e)
 a ,field or ,g>d5 is adorn$2 ,:o w\ld n
 say1 ,t x 7 exce$+ pleasant to "k :at  
we ,see3 & n m delightful1 to "o :o has 
,eyes1 to disc]n t all is v f9e2 ?an to 
ano!r :o ha? ,reason1 to und]/& h[4 ,?is
 surely 7 = a ,man to take a ,true      
,inv5tory ( 8 ,goods1 & 8 be/ way to put
 a price ^u !m4 ,yea x seems1 t ?is 7 n 
only to be ,p>tak] ( ,div9e ,b\nty2 b   

also1 9 "s degree1 ,to be ,cop>tn] 9 !  
,secrets ( ,div9e ,art4 ,t :i* 7 v      
desireable1 unless we %\ld ?9k x        
imp]t95t = u to design ! ,kn[+ ( ,t1 :i*
 ,god ha? once ?\ght fit to ,d4  #f4 4  
,if = ^!1 & o!r ,reasons1 an inquiry    
into ! ,nature ( ,vegetation may be (   
good ,import2 ,x w be requisite to see1 
fir/ ( all1 ,:at may (f] x self to be   
enquir$ (2 or to und]/&1 :at our ,scope 
is3 ,t s do+1 we may take our aim !     
bett] 9 mak+1 & hav+ made1 9 apply+ our 
,obs]vations !reunto4 ,among/ o!r       
,inquiries !re=e1 su* z ^! des]ve to be 
propos$4 ,fir/1 by :at means x is t a   
,plant1 or any ,"p ( x1 comes to ,gr[1 a
 ,se$ to put =? a ,root & ,trunk2 & ?is1
 all ! o!r ,p>ts1 to ! ,se$ aga92 & all 
^! be+ =m$1 by cont9ual ,nutrition /ill 
to be increas$4 ,h[ ! ,alim5t by :i* a  
,plant is f$1 is duly prep>$ 9 its      
sev]al ,p>ts2 :i* way x is convey$ unto 
!m2 & 9 :at mann] x is assimilat$ to _! 
respective ,natures 9 !m all4 ,:5ce ?is 
,gr[? & ,augm5tation1 is n made ( "o1 b 

_m diff]+ ,degrees1 unto bo? extremes ( 
small & great2 :e!r ! comp>ison be made 
betwixt sev]al ,plants1 or ! sev]al     
,p>ts ( "o4 ,h[ n only _! ,sizes1 b also
 _! ,%apes are s exce$+ v>i\s2 z (      
,roots1 9 be+ ,?ick or ,sl5d]1 ,%ort or 
,long1 ,entire or ,p>t$1 ,/r+$ or       
,ramifi$1 & ! l3 ( ,trunks1 "s be+ m    
,entire1 o!rs ,bran*$1 o!rs ,%rub'd3 (  
,leaves1 :i* are ,long or ,r\nd1        
,ev5-edg'd or ,escallop'd1 & _m o!r ways
 diff]5t1 yet always ,flat3 & s = ! o!r 
,p>ts4 ,!n to inquire1 ,:at %\ld be !   
reason ( _! v>i\s ,motions2 t ! ,root   
%\ld desc5d2 t its desc5t %\ld sometimes
 be p]p5dicul>1 sometimes m level3 ,t ! 
,trunk do? asc5d2 & t ! asc5t !re(1 z to
 ! space ( ,"t :]e9 x is made1 is (     
diff]5t measures3 & ( div]s o!r         
,motions1 z !y are obs]vable 9 ! ,roots1
 ,trunks1 & o!r ,p>ts ( ,plants4 ,:5ce  
aga91 ^! ,motions h _! ,diff]5t1 & ,/at$
 ,t]ms2 t ,plants h _! set & peculi>    
,seasons = _! ,spr+ or ,bir?1 = _! ,full
 ,gr[?1 & = _! ,teem+2 & ! l4 ,fur!r1   

:at may be ! ,causes z ( ! ,seasons ( _!
 ,gr[?2 s ( ! ,p]iods ( _! ,lives2 "s   
be+ ,annual1 o!rs ,bi5nial1 o!rs        
,p]5nial2 "s ,p]5nial bo? z to _! ,roots
 & ,trunks2 & "s z to _! ,roots only4   
,!n1 z !y pass ?r\gh ^! sev]al ,seasons 
( _! ,lives1 9 :at mann] _! conv5i5t    
fe$+1 h\s+1 cloa?+ or protection        
o!rwise1 is contriv$2 :]e91 9 ?is k9d & 
h>moni\s ,oeconomy1 "o ,"p1 may be      
(fici\s to ano!r1 = ! pres]vation ( !   
heal? & life ( ! :ole4 ,& la/ly1 :at c>e
 is tak51 n only = !mselves1 b = _!     
,po/]ity2 9 :at mann] ! ,se$ is prep>$1 
=m$ & fitt$ = ,propagation3 & ?is be+ ( 
s great conc]nm5t1 h[ sometimes ! o!r   
,p>ts also1 z ,roots1 9 putt+ =?        
,trunks2 ,trunks 9 putt+ =? ,roots2 yea 
9 turn+ (t5times into ,roots !mselves2  
:]e(1 9 ! ,second ,book ( ! ,anatomy (  
,plants1 ,i %all give "s in/ances4 ,)   
o!r ,heads ( ,inquiry ( ?is k9d4  #g4 4 
,nor are ! ,natures1 ,faculties1 &      
,cont5ts ( ,vegetables less v>i\s1 or a 
p>ticul> ,inspection h]e9to1 ( less     

conc]nm5t4 ,= s9ce ,all1 or ,mo/1 seem  
to gr[ 9 ! same mann]1 ) "o ,sun1 "o    
,ra91 indiff]5tly well ^u "o ,soil1 &1  
to outw>d appe>ance1 to h ! same ,common
 ,p>ts2 x may be ask$1 ,h[ x comes to   
pass t _! ,liquors1 or o!r ,conta9$     
,p>ts1 are ( su* diff]5t ,k9ds2 "o be+  
,watry1 ano!r ,w9y1 a ?ird ,oily1 a f\r?
 ,milky1 & ! l4 ,h[ also !re is su* a   
v>iety 9 _! ,s5sible ,qualities1 z _!   
,col\rs1 ,ta/es1 & ,smells2 :at ^?      
,mat]ials are1 :i* are necess>y to !    
,be+ ( ^! ,qualities2 & ^? ,=malities1  
:]e9 _! ,ess5ce do? consi/2 z :at x is t
 makes a ,plant1 or ,fl[]1 to be :ite or
 r$2 fragrant or fetid2 bitt] or sweet2 
or to be ( any o!r ,col\r1 ,smell1 or   
,ta/e4 ,9 l mann]1 _! ,faculties &      
,p[]s1 :at t is1 or ^? ?+s are1 by :i*  
!y are con/itut$2 z :5ce "o becomes     
,purgative1 ano!r ,vomitory1 a ?ird     
,diaphoretick1 c41 ,^!1 ,i say1 ) _m o!r
 p>ticul> ,inquiries dep5d+ h]eupon2 z  
!y _c b mu* oblige ! ,reason ( ,man to  
be obsequi\s to !m1 s by br++ 91 at     

lea/1 "s satisfaction1 w no less rew>d  
x4 ,especially1 if x be )al consid]$1 t 
besides our satisfaction z to ! ,nature 
( ,vegetation2 "s fur!r ,light1 to div]s
 o!r p>ts ( ,k1 may likewise h5ce arise4
  #h4  ,= s9ce ! pres5t ,design w +age  
u1 to an accurate & multif>i\s          
,obs]vation ( ,plants2 we may h]eby be  
enabl$ to range & sort !m ) m c]ta9ty1  
accord+ to ! ,degrees ( _! ,aff9ity4 ,& 
all ,exoticks1 ,plants or ,p>ts (       
,plants1 may probably be r$uc$ to "s su*
 ,dome/icks1 unto :i* !y may be> ! be/  
,resemblance4 ,aga91 x may frequ5tly    
conduct our m9ds to ! consid]ation ( !  
,/ate ( ,animals2 z :e!r !re are n div]s
 mat]ial ,agreem5ts betwixt !m bo?2 &   
:at !y are4 ,:]e9 also !y may           
consid]ably diff]1 & :at ^? ?+s are :i* 
are m ess5tial to _! di/+ui%m5t4 ,&     
besides1 n only to comp>e :at is already
 kn[n ( bo?2 b also1 by :at may be      
obs]v$ 9 ! "o1 to sugge/ & facilitate ! 
f9d+ out ( :at may yet be unobs]v$ 9 !  
o!r4 ,s also ! consid]ation ( ! ,col\rs1

 ,smells1 & ,ta/es ( ,vegetables1 may   
conduce to ! ,k ( ! same ,qualities 9   
,g5]al2 or ( :at x is1 t con/itutes !m  
su*1 9 any o!r ,body3 n z !y are        
actually receiv$ by ,s5se2 b s f>1 z su*
 ,mat]ials or ext]nal ,circum/ances1 are
 requisite to _! becom+ ! ,adequate     
,objects !re(4 ,x may lead u also to    
inquire into fur!r ,ways ( ,cultivation1
 ) respect to ! :ole ,plant1 or to !    
,fl[]1 ,fruit1 or o!r ,"p3 ,to am5d !m z
 to _! ,sizes1 ,col\rs1 ,ta/es1         
,fruitfulness1 or o!rwise3 ,to ?9k ( o!r
 ,ways ( ,propagation2 or to apply ^?   
already kn[n to o!r ,plants ?an ha? be5 
us$4 ,likewise ! ,k ( _! ,me*anical     
,uses may h]eby be enl>g$2 bo? z to !   
,reason ( _! use1 9 su* p>ticul> ,trades
 & ,manufactures1 already kn[n2 & !     
discov]y ( o!r uses yet unkn[n4 ,z also 
_! ,alim5tal1 ) respect bo? to ,meats & 
,dr9ks2 ! prep>ation ( "s1 & ! f9d+ out 
( o!rs4 ,b especially _! ,m$ic9al2 "s   
,plants :i* h hi!rto be5 neglect$1 may  
be appli$ to use2 ! ,p]v]t$ uses ( "s1 &

 ! ,confus$ uses ( o!rs1 may be         
rectifi$4 ,:at may be/ correct _!       
,malignancies1 or in=ce _! ,virtues2 ,:5
 ne$ful to add ! prep>ations ( ,art to  
,t ( ,nature2 ,h[ to ,enl>ge ^? ( ,art1 
& ,rectifie ^? :i* are inde$            
,in>tificial1 may h]eby be bett]        
conjectur$4 ,! k ( all :i*1 t we may "k 
h[ f> x is accessible1 & :at probable   
,approa*es may be made t[>ds x2 ^?      
sev]al ,means ,i h ?\ght (1 & suppose   
necess>y !reunto1 are next to be        
propos$4  #i4 4 ,reflect+ !n ^u ! pres5t
 ,design1 & see+ ?is to lie wide2 we    
%all1 9 ! fir/ place1 conclude ! ,means 
att5d+ !reon1 %\ld d s likewise4 ,:]e=e1
 al?\gh "s may pres5t !mselves unto u z 
m promis+2 yet let u suppose :at sev]al 
,p]sons1 7 !y h]eunto engag$1 ea*       
accord+ to 8 ,s5se & ,g5ius1 w\ld       
possibly make *oice (4 ,believ+1 t      
al?\gh ,consid]+ ,m5 may v>y1 9 !       
approval ( _! own ,s5se & ,notion2 yet n
 always me>ly1 because x is _! own2 b   
because ea*1 may probably see some:at m 

9 8 own1 ?an o!rs d4 ,:]e=e x w be our  
sure/ ,logick to conclude1 ,n because no
 ,mean may be approv$ by all ,m51 t all 
,means %\ld be reject$2 b r1 because ea*
 may be approv$ by "s1 t !re=e1 all be  
made *oice (4 ,& ^!1 ,i ?9k1 may be     
compreh5d$ "u ,five ,g5]al ,heads (     
,enquiry4 ,fir/1 ,( ^? ,?+s1 :i* are ( m
 ,ext]nal ,consid]ation ab\t ,plants1 z 
_! ,figures1 c4 ,secondly1 ,( _!        
,comp\nd+ ,p>ts1 z ,vessels1 c4 ,?irdly1
 ,( _! ,liquors1 & o!r ,cont5ts4        
,f\r?ly1 ,( _! ,pr9ciples1 z ,salts1 c4 
,fif?ly1 ,( _! ,alim5t1 z ,wat]1 & o!r  
,means ( ,gr[?4  #aj4 4 ,,& ,,fir/ (    
all1 :atev] is ( m ,ext]nal             
,consid]ation1  ,! ,fir/ ,g5]al ,mean4  
z ! ,figures1 ,proportions1 ,motions1   
,seasons1 ,situations ( ,vegetables1 & (
 _! sev]al ,p>ts1 %\ld be obs]v$4 ,9 do+
 :i*1 a p>ticul> survey ( all _!        
,v>ieties %\ld be tak54 ,& !n a         
,comp>ison made betwixt ^!1 & ! sev]al  
,plants1 or ,p>ts ( ,plants1 :]e( !y are
 ! ,prop]ties4 ,to ! end1 ,we may1 if   

possible1 be !reby conduct$ to f9d out1 
:at o!r1 ei!r s5sible1 or m recluse     
,prop]ty1 any ( !m may agree toge!r 94  
,= x is n m c]ta91 t ! ?ree ,angles ( e 
,rectil9e> ,triangle1 because all ways  
equal to two ,"r ,angles1 are !re=e1 if 
put toge!r1 always ! same3 ?an t "o     
,prop]ty1 agree+ to div]s ,vegetables1  
%\ld h "o ,cause3 ,= al?\gh ! ,scope &  
,end may v>y2 yet ! ,cause1 z x is !    
,cause ( t ,prop]ty1 mu/ be "o3 &       
consequ5tly1 mu/ also import "s ,id5tity
 9 ! ,nature ( all ^? ,vegetables :]e9 x
 ,acts4 ,:]e=e by ?us comp>+ ( !m1 we   
%all be able m exactly to /ate ! ,ord]s 
& ,degrees ( _! ,aff9ities2 ,bett] to   
und]/& bo? ! ,causes & ,ends ( _!       
,v>ieties3 ,& m probably to conjecture (
 _! ,natures & ,v]tues4  #aa4 4 ,fir/ !n
 ! v>i\s ,figures ( _! sev]al ,p>ts %\ld
 be obs]v$2 & t ) respect bo? to ! ,=ms1
 & ! ,positions1 by :i* _! ,roots1      
,trunks1 ,bran*es1 ,leaves1 ,fl[]s1     
,fruits1 & ,se$s may v>y1 or agree2 & ^?
 sev]al ,l9es1 by :i* bo? ! said        

,v>ieties are det]m9'd4 ,9 :i* ( ^!     
,p>ts1 ! agreem5t *iefly lies2 ?is be+  
bo? m obs]vable1 & m mat]ial 9 "s ( !m2 
less 9 ! ,root1 m 9 ! ,fl[]1 or ,se$4 ,&
 9 h[ _m ( ^! ,p>ts toge!r2 :e!r "o1 m1 
or all4 ,by bo? :i*1 ! ,ord]s & ,degrees
 ( ,aff9ity1 :i* are _m1 may be acc\nt$2
 ei!r z to :at we /rictly call ,k9dr$1  
or else ,analogy4 ,= !re are f\nd1 n    
only ,h]bs acc\nt$ ( sev]al ,tribes1 :i*
 are ally'd2 & "s ( ! ,smalle/1 :i* are 
( k9 to ! ,greate/3 ,b !re are also1    
probably1 "s ,h]bs1 :i* h a p>ticul>    
,relation1 to _m ,k9ds ( ,%rubs2 & "s   
,%rubs1 to _m ,k9ds ( ,trees4 ,?us !    
sev]al sorts ( ,letuce1 are ( ,k91      
toge!r 9 ! ,fir/ ,degree2 ) ,endive1 9 !
 ,second4 ,! sev]al ,cl>ys1 among/      
!mselves 9 ! ,fir/2 ) ,horeh\nd1 9 !    
,second2 ) ,lamium1 9 ! ,?ird4 ,all     
,/rawb]ries agree toge!r1 9 ! ,fir/     
,degree2 ) ,c9quefoyl1 9 ! ,second2 )   
,torm5til 9 ! ,?ird2 & ) ,av5s1 c4 9 o!r
 ,degrees m remote4 ,s ,agrimony1 ha?   
alike ,analogy unto ,/rawb]ry2 z        

,goats-,rue1 ha? to ,clav]3 ,&          
,/rawb]ry1 ! l unto ! ,rasp2 z ,goosb]ry
 to ! ,v9e2 or ,burnet1 to ! ,rose4     
,among/ ! sev]al ,sorts ( ,grass1 !re   
are "s :i* mat* all ^? ( ,corn2 :i* is b
 a great] k9d ( ,grass4 ,s aga9 all     
,pulse1 are n only ( k91 9 _! sev]al    
,degrees1 to "o ano!r2 b likewise1 to   
almo/ all k9ds ( ,trefoyls1 z ,melilot1 
,fnugreek1 & ! common ,clav]s !mselves2 
z by comp>+ n only _! ,leaves1 b ,fl[]s1
 ,se$s1 & ,cods toge!r1 may be evid5t4  
,= ! sev]al p>ts ( ! ,fl[] ( a ,trefoyl1
 are s _m m ,fl[]s1 conta9+ s _m ,cods (
 small ,se$s1 all1 9 %ape1 agreeable to 
! ,fl[]s1 ,cods1 & ,se$s ( ,pulse4 ,!   
same ,relation1 :i* ,trefoyls h to !    
,peas or o!r ,pulse2 ,colts-foot1 ha? to
 ,buttyr-,bur2 ,*ickwe$ to ,leucan!mum2 
,gr\ndsell1 to ,jacoba2 or ,scorodonia1 
to ,foxglove3 ,or1 to g high]1 z !      
,legum9\s ,k9ds ( ,h]bs1 h to ,s5a1 or  
"s o!r ( ! ,lob$ ,%rubs & ,trees4 ,&1 z 
among ,animals1 !re are "s :i* connect  
sev]al ,k9ds2 z ! ,batt do? ,bea/s &    

,birds3 ,s1 among ,plants1 !re are "s   
also1 :i* seem to /& betwe5 two ,tribes2
 z ,lappa1 betwe5 ,knapwe$s & ,?i/les2  
,lampsana1 betwe5 ! ,intybace\s ,k9d1 & 
! ,m\se-e>s4  #ab4 4 ,f h5ce likewise1 !
 ,natures ( ,plants may be conjectur$4  
,= 9 look+ ^u div]s ,plants1 ?\gh (     
diff]5t ,names & ,k9ds2 yet if "s       
aff9ity may be f\nd betwixt !m1 !n !    
,nature ( any "o ( !m be+ well kn[n1 we 
h !nce gr\nd ( conjecture1 z to !       
,nature ( all ! re/4 ,s t z e ,plant may
 h some:at ( ,nature individual to x    
self2 s1 z f> z x obta9e? any ,visible  
,communities ) o!r ,plants1 s f>1 may x 
p>take ( ,common ,nature ) ^? also4 ,?us
 ! ,wild1 & ,g>d5 ,cucum]s1 h ?is       
diff]5ce2 t ! "o purge? /rongly1 ! o!r1 
n at all3 yet 9 be+ ,diuretick1 !y bo?  
agree4 ,! ,natures ( ,umbellif]\s       
,plants1 we "k1 are v>i\s2 yet 'tis mo/ 
probable1 t !y all agree 9 ?is "o1 scil4
 9 be+ ,c>m9ative4 ,! sev]al sorts1 bo? 
( ,corn & ,grass1 are all ak92 !re is no
 d\bt !re=e1 b t ! ,se$s ( ,grass       

!mselves 7( ,rye & ,oats x is try$7 if x
 7 wor? ! :ile to ord] !m1 z ,b>ley1    
w\ld yield an inflammable ,_s4 ,s       
likewise ! sev]al ,k9ds ( ,pulse1 h "s  
"o community 9 _! ,=m1 z is said3 = :i* 
reason1 ,i "q n1 b t 9 "s ,cases1 :]e9  
,cic]s are e/eem$ a good ,m$ic9e2 a     
,decoction ( ! bett] sort ( ,pease1     
especially t we call ! ,sug>-,pease1 may
 g beyond !m4 ,z do? also ! ,fl[] or    
,meal ( ,beans1 t ( ! ,se$s ( ,fnugreek2
 ev5 !re1 :]e !y are acc\nt$ excell5t4  
,s ,tulips1 ,lillies1 ,crocuses1        
,jacyn?s1 & ,onions !mselves1 ) _m o!rs1
 9 _! sev]al ,degrees1 are all alli$4   
,if !re=e ,crocuses1 ,onions1 ,lillies1 
agree 9 "o or m ,faculties1 !n :y may n 
all ! re/8 z 9 be+ ,anodyne2 or 9 "s o!r
 ,common ,nature2 :]eby1 9 _!           
,vegetation1 _! ,p>ts are ,gov]n$ &     
,ov]-rul$1 to "o ,common or ,analog\s   
,=m4  #ac4 4 ,! ,proportions likewise1  
among/ ! sev]al ,p>ts ( ,vegetables1 = !
 same ,reasons1 des]ve to be obs]v$2 !  
comp>ison be+ made1 bo? betwixt ! ,p>ts 

( sev]al ,plants1 & ! sev]al ,p>ts ( "o4
 ,& "h aga91 ei!r betwixt any ,two ( !  
,p>ts1 or any ,"o ( !m1 & ! ,:ole       
besides1 or all ! re/ put toge!r4 ,s "s 
l>g] ,se$s1 produce a small ,root2 z ^? 
( ,cucum]3 & o!rs small]1 produce "o v  
great2 z ^? ( ,bryony4 ,"s ,plants1 z ! 
,melon1 ?\gh !mselves b v sl5d]1 yet h a
 va/ & bulky ,fruit2 o!rs aga91 z       
,?i/les1 & _m yet m sub/antial1 h no o!r
 ,fruit1 besides _! ,se$4 ,s ! ,se$s (  
all ,pulse1 & especially1 ! ,g>d5 ,bean1
 ?\gh l>ge1 yet produce b a small       
,plant3 b ^? ( ,foxglove1 ,mull51       
,burdock1 ,sun-fl[]1 c4 be+ !mselves mu*
 less1 d yet produce a f> great]4 ,&    
especially1 ^? ,se$s1 :i* are inclos$ 9 
! ,?ick] sort ( ,cov]1 7analog\s to t ,i
 h else:]e call$ ! ,second9e7 z t (     
,peony2  ,anat4 ,plant4 ,book ,i4 ,*ap4 
ult4  ^: ,se$1 s call$1 is only ! ,ne/  
:]e9 ! true & real ,se$ is lodg$1 no    
bigg] ?an a little ,p9s head3 :i* is    
also obs]vable ( ! ,se$s ( div]s o!r    
,plants4 ,^!1 & ! l ,proportions1 z !y  

lie betwixt ! sev]al ,p>ts1 %\ld be     
not$3 & to :at ,plants or ,p>ts         
especially1 any ( !m may agree3 comp>+  
also 9 :at o!r k9d ( ,prop]ties an      
agreem5t betwixt ! said ,p>ts may be    
f\nd3 t s do+1 we may1 if possible1     
among/ all _! ,individual ,natures1 be  
in/ruct$ to s+le out ^? ,common ,ones1  
:i* are concomitant to su* ,agree+      
,prop]ties4  #ad4 4 ,! sev]al ,seasons  
also ( ,plants1 & ( _! ,p>ts1 %\ld be   
consid]$4 ,obs]v+ at :at p>ticul> ,times
 ( ! ,ye>1 any ( !m *iefly ,spr+1 ,e>ly 
or ,late4 ,! ,times :]e9 !y ,g]m9ate2   
:e!r = "s ,space only1 or all ! ,ye>    
long4 ,:]e9 !y ,spr+1 aft] ,s[+2 or     
,fl[]1 aft] ,spr++1 soon]1 or sl[]4 ,:i*
 ,fl[]1 ! fir/ ,ye>1 or n till ! second4
 ,:i* aft] ! ,leaves are put =?1 or be=e
 !m2 = s1 "s d1 z ! ,crocus ,v]nus1     
,be>s-foot1 ,hepatica aurea1 & o!rs2 all
 ! ,leaves1 at ! "t ( _! fl[]+1 be+ old1
 or ( ! =ego+ ,ye>'s gr[?4 ,s likewise !
 ,maturation ( ! ,fruit or ,se$2 h[ long
 aft] ! ,fl[]1 & ! l4 ,all or "s ( :i*  

,v>ieties1 be+ laid toge!r1 we may      
probably conjecture ! ,causes !re(1 & ! 
,natures ( ! ,plants 9 :i* !y are se53  
scil4 z su* a ,degree ( ,heat may be    
necess>y = ! ,f]m5tation1 or ! bett]    
,di/ribution ( ! ,sap ( su* a ,plant2 or
 = ! ,impregnation ( ! ,a]1 to be mix$  
!re)2 or ! due ,dispos+ ( ! ,soil1 to   
r5d] ! mo/ conv5i5t ,alim5t !reunto4 ,s 
! ,pr9ciples ( su* ,plants1 :i* fl[] all
 ! ,ye>1 may be m equally proportion'd4 
,^? :i* fl[] be=e ! ,leaves put =?1 z ! 
,crocus ,v]nus1 & ^? :i* fl[] 9 ,spr+1  
may be acc\nt$ ,rank1 & full ( ,volatile
 ,salt4 ,b ,autumn ,plants especially1  
to ab\nd ) a ,fix$3 & ! l4  #ae4 4 ,!   
prop] ,places also ( ,plants1 or su*    
:]e9 !y h1 f _! ,se$s1 or o!r way (     
,propagation1 a ,spontane\s gr[?1 %\ld  
be consid]$4 ,& t z to ! ,climate2 :e!r 
9 "o ,cold]1 ,temp]ate1 or m ,hot4 ,!   
,region2 ,cont95t1 or ,isl&4 ,! ,seat2 z
 ,sea1 or ,l&1 ,watry1 ,boggy1 or ,dry2 
,hills1 ,pla9s1 or ,vallies2 ,op51 9    
,woods1 or "u ,h$ges2 ,aga9/ ,walls1    

root$ 9 !m1 or on _! ,tops3 & ! l4 ,&   
p]haps ! ,se$s ( "s ,plants1 z (        
,mosses1 7:i*1 ?r\gh _! smallness1 w    
asc5d l ,mo?s 9 ! ,sun7 may fly or swim 
= "s "t1 9 ! ,a]1 viz4 till !y beg9 to  
%oot1 & s become heavy en\gh1 to fall   
d[n ^u ! ,gr\nd4 ,f :5ce1 9 l mann]1 z f
 _! ,seasons1 _! p>ticul> ,natures may  
be direct$ unto4 ,9 t1 s f> z we may    
conjecture ! nature ( su* an ,a]1 ,soil1
 or ,seat1 we may also ( su* a ,plant1  
to :i* !y are cong5ial4  #af4 4 ,s      
likewise1 ^? _m ,v>ieties obs]vable 9 ! 
,motions ( ,plants1 & ( _! ,p>ts1 bo?   
,k9ds & ,degrees2 ,asc5d+1 ,desc5d+1 &  
,horizontal2 ,rectil9e>1 & ,spiral      
,motions1 %\ld be not$2 to :at ,plants  
!y agree1 & :]e9 any ( ^! ,motions may  
be analog\s to ^? ( ,animals4 ,& 9 a ^w1
 any o!r ,=5sick ,prop]ties ( ,plants4  
,& !n1 to ,comp>e !m all toge!r2 bo? be+
 necess>y4 ,= ,?\ghts _c "w ^u no?+1 no 
m ?an ,h&s4 ,he t w build an ,h\se1 mu/ 
provide ,mat]ials4 ,& on ! contr>y1 !   
,mat]ials w nev] become an ,h\se1       

unless1 by c]ta9 ,rules1 we joyn !m all 
toge!r4 ,s1 x is n1 simply1 ! ,k ( _m   
?+s1 b a multif>i\s ,copulation ( !m 9 !
 ,m9d1 t becomes prolifick ( fur!r ,k4  
,& ?us mu* = ! fir/ ,g5]al ,mean4  #ag4 
4 ,,! ,,next :i* ,i propose1 & t a mo/  
necess>y "o1 is ,anatomy4  ,! ,second   
,g5]al ,mean4  ,= :5 ^u ! ,dissection ( 
,vegetables1 we see s great a diff]5ce 9
 !m1 t n only _! ,outw>d ,figures1 b    
also _! ,inw>d ,/ructure1 is s ,elegant2
 & 9 all1 s ,v>i\s2 x mu/ ne$s lead u   
?us to ,?9k1 ,t ^! ,inw>d ,v>ieties1 7  
ei!r to no ,end2 or if !y 71 we mu/     
assign to :at4 ,to imag9e ! fir/1 7     
exce$+ va92 z if ,nature1 ! ,h&maid (   
,div9e ,wisdom1 %\ld ) ,h] f9e ,ne$le & 
,?r$1 /it* up s _m sev]al ,pieces1 ( s  
difficult1 & yet s gr\ndless a ,"w4 ,b  
if = "s ,end1 !n ei!r only to be look$  
^u1 or "s o!r besides4 ,if = ?is only1  
!n ?is mu/ be su* z 9 respect :]e(1 ,h] 
,"w is at no "t1 nor 9 any degree       
fru/rate2 ! contr>y :]eunto1 is mo/     
manife/4 ,= al?\gh ,m5 d e :]e1 )       

frequ5t pleasure1 behold ! ,outw>d      
,elegancies ( ,plants2 yet ! ,inw>d     
,ones1 :i*1 g5]ally1 are z ,precise &   
,v>i\s z ! ,outw>d2 we see1 h[ usual x  
is1 = ! behold+ ( ,^!1 to be omitt$ by  
!m4 ,& besides1 :5 we h obs]v$ ,nature's
 ,"w1 z well z we c2 x may be no        
imp$im5t to our be/ ,endeav\rs1 to      
believe1 ,t "s ,p>ts ( x1 w /ill rema9  
beh9d1 ,unse54 ,s t if to be ,se51 7 !  
only ,end ( x1 x mu/ ne$s be :olly      
fru/rate1 z to ! great] numb] ( ,m52 &1 
9 "s "p1 z to all4 ,:]e=e1 we mu/       
suppose "s o!r ,ends ( ! said ,v>ieties1
 :i* %\ld h _! ,effect1 & s ,^!1 n be 9 
va91 :e!r ,m5 beheld !m or n2 :i*1 are1 
!re=e1 su* z h respect to ,vegetation3  
,t ! ,corn might gr[1 s2 & ! ,fl[]1 s1  
:e!r or no ,m5 _h a m9d1 leisure1 or    
ability1 to und]/& h[4  #ah4 4 ,if !n ! 
,anatomy ( ,vegetables be s useful a    
,mean1 we ought n to /reight5 x2 b to   
=ce ?is1 z well z ! re/1 to its utmo/   
,ext5t4 ,& !re=e1 fir/ ( all1 ,to g     
?r\gh all ! ,p>ts1 ) equal c>e2 exam9+ !

 ,root1 ,trunk1 ,bran*1 ,leaf1 ,fl[]1   
,fruit1 & ,se$4 ,!n to ,repeat or       
,retrograde ! ,dissection1 f ,"p to ,"p3
 9 t1 al?\gh ! be/ ,me?od ( ,deliv]y1 = 
cle> ,disc\rse1 c be b "o1 accord+ to t 
( ,nature1 f ! ,se$ =w>d1 to ! ,se$3 yet
 c x n b be useful1 = ,t ( ,dissection1 
to proce$ to & fro2 some:at or o!r be+ m
 ,visible 9 ea* sev]al ,"p1 f :5ce /ill 
an ,h9t may be tak51 = ! u%]+ 9 !       
obs]vation ( x 9 ! o!rs4 ,to exam9e1    
aga91 n only all ! ,p>ts1b ,k9ds (      
,vegetables1 & comp>atively1 to obs]ve  
div]s ( ! same size1 %ape1 motion1 age1 
sap1 quality1 p[]1 or any o!r way !     
same1 :i* may also agree1 9 "s "o or m  
p>ticul>s1 z to _! ,int]i\r ,/ructure3 &
 to make ?is comp>ison1 ?r\gh\t all _!  
,p>ts & ,prop]ties4 ,to obs]ve !m       
likewise1 9 sev]al ,seasons ( ! ,ye>1 & 
9 sev]al ,ages ( ! ,plants1 & ( _!      
,p>ts2 9 bo? :i*1 div]s ( !m may be not$
 to *ange1 n only _! ,dim5sions1 b _!   
,natures also2 z ,vessels1 d into       
,ligam5ts2 & ,c>tilages1 into ,bones1   

sometimes1 9 ,animals4 ,& to d all ?is  
by sev]al ,ways ( ,section1 ,oblique1   
,p]p5dicul>1 & ,transv]se2 all ?ree be+ 
requisite1 if n to ,obs]ve1 yet ! bett] 
to ,compreh5d1 "s ,?+s4 ,& x w be       
conv5i5t sometimes to ,break1 ,te>1 or  
o!rwise ,divide1 )\t a ,section4 ,toge!r
 ) ! ,knife x w be necess>y to joyn !   
,microscope2 & to exam9e all ! ,p>ts1 & 
e ,way1 9 ! use ( ,t4 ,z also1 t bo?    
,imm$iate1 & ,microscopical             
,inspections1 be ,comp>$3 s9ce x is     
c]ta91 ,t "s ?+s1 may be demon/rat$ by  
,reason & ! ,eye conjunct1 )\t a ,glass1
 :i* _c be discov]$ by x2 or else !     
discov]y is s d>k1 z :i*1 alone1 may n  
be safely dep5d$ on4  #ai4 4 ,by ^!     
sev]al ,ways ( ,inspection1 x w be      
requisite1 ,to obs]ve _! ,comp\nd+      
,p>ts2 z ,simply consid]$1 & z v>i\sly  
,proportion$1 & ,dispos$4 ,z ,simply    
consid]$1 to note _! ,numb]2 :at1 & :e!r
 ! same1 9 all3 _! ,k9ds1 :]e9 diff]5t 9
 ! same1 or div]s ,vegetables3 _!       
,orig9al1 9 "p1 or 9 :ole3 ,/ructure1 z 

to _! ,contexture & _! ,cavities2 ,_!   
,contexture1 )9 !mselves sev]ally1 & z  
joyn$ toge!r3 _! ,cavities1 z to _!     
,size1 ,%ape1 & ,numb]2 9 :i* a great   
v>iety w be f\nd4 ,next _! ,positions "o
 among/ ano!r1 :i* are also v>i\s2 z    
,ant]ior1 ,po/]ior1 ,collat]al1         
,surr\nd+1 ,m$iate1 ,imm$iate1 ,ne>1    
,remote2 bo? z !y respect ! sev]al      
,p>ts1 & ! sev]al portions ( "o3 ,& all 
^!1 z few1 or m2 ^! or o!rs ( !m1 may be
 div]sely ,comp\nd$ toge!r4 ,& !n !     
,proportions !y be> "o to ano!r2 :e!r z 
to ,m9ority1 ,equality1 or ,excess2 ea* 
,"p comp>$ ) ea*1 & t z to ! sev]al     
,degrees appe>+ 9 ! said ,proportions2 !
 ,v>ieties :]e( may be exce$+ num]\s4 ,=
 if we %\ld suppose b ,f\r consid]able  
,p>ts g5]ally con/itutive ( a           
,vegetable3 ,^! ,f\r1 produce a ,v>iety 
,f\r ways4 ,fir/1 :5 ,"o is ,unequal2 & 
!n x produce? only ,f\r ,v>ieties3 & ^? 
two ways1 scil4 :5 "o is ,great]1 & !   
o!r ?ree1 ,equal & ,less2 or :5 "o is   
,less2 & ! o!r ?ree1 ,equal & ,great]4  

,secondly1 :5 ,two be ,unequal2 & !n !y 
produce ,six ,v>ieties4 ,?irdly1 :5     
,?ree be ,unequal1 :i* produce? ,twelve 
,v>ieties4 ,or la/ly1 :5 all ,f\r be    
,unequal2 :i* produce? ,tw5ty f\r3 :i*  
g5]al ,v>ieties1 may be fur!r multipli$ 
by _! sev]al ,degrees4  #bj4 4 ,f all   
:i*1 we may come to "k1 :at !           
,communities ( ,vegetables are1 z       
belong+ to all2 :at _! ,di/9ctions1 to  
su* a ,k9d2 _! ,prop]ties1 to su* a     
,species2 & _! ,peculi>ities1 to su*    
,p>ticul> ones4 ,& z 9 ,metaphysical1 or
 o!r ,contemplative ,matt]s1 :5 we h a  
di/9ct k ( ! ,communities & ,diff]5ces (
 ,?+s1 we may !n be able to give _! true
 ,def9itions3 s may we possibly1 "h     
atta91 to d likewise3 n only to "k1 ,t e
 ,plant ,inw>dly diff]s f ano!r1 b also 
:]e92 s z n m surely to ,def9e by !     
,outw>d ,figure1 ?an by ! ,inw>d        
,/ructure1 ,:at t is1 or ^? ?+s are1    
:]eby any ,plant1 or ,sort ( ,plants1   
may be di/+ui%$ f all o!rs4 ,& hav+     
obta9$ a k ( ! ,communities & ,diff]5ces

 among/ ! ,p>ts ( ,vegetables2 x may    
conduct u ?r\gh a ,s]ies ( m facile &   
probable ,conclusions1 ( ! ways ( _!    
,causality1 z to ! ,communities &       
,diff]5ces ( ,vegetation4 ,& ?us mu* = !
 ,second ,g5]al ,mean4  #ba4 4 ,,hav+   
,,?us f> exam9$ ! ,organical & ,conta9+ 
,p>ts ( ,vegetables2  ,! ,?ird ,g5]al   
,mean4  x w be requisite1 m design$ly1  
to obs]ve ^? also :i* are ,fluid1 or any
 o!rs ,conta9$ 9 !m3 & t1 = our bett]   
und]/&+ bo? ( ! ,nature ( ,vegetation1 &
 ( ! said ,conta9$ ,p>ts4 ,& to make    
inquiry1 ,fir/ ( _! ,k9ds2 z ,spirits2  
bo? su* z agree1 9 g5]al1 9 be+ ,v9\s2 &
 ^? t are ,special1 to p>ticul> ,plants4
 ,a]s & ,vap\rs2 = ! exi/5ce :]e(1 9 all
 ,vegetables1 !re are ,argum5ts c]ta9ly 
conclud+4 ,& = ! diff]5ce ( _! ,natures1
 9 be+ m dry1 or moi/1 m simple or      
comp\nd$1 z !y are exi/5t 9 sev]al      
,p>ts1 !re are probable ones4 ,lympha's 
or cle> & watry ,saps2 :i* mo/ ,plants1 
9 "o ,"p or o!r1 at "s "t ( ! ,ye>1 d   
,ble$ ,mucilages2 z 9 ,mall[ & ,violet  

,leaves2 9 _m ,se$s1 z ( ,qu9ces1 ,cl>y2
 ,fruits1 z 9 ,cucum]s2 di/9ct f ! watry
 ,sap1 z by p]mitt+ x to /& & gelly ^u !
 ,vessels f :5ce x issues1 is pla93 ,& 9
 ! "y ,b]rys ( ,:ite ,bryony1 :5 ab\t ! 
bigness ( a ,pepp]-,corn2 ! juyce :]e(  
is s ,visc\s1 t ! tw5tie? "p ( a ,gra91 
w draw out above a ,y>d 9 l5g?4 ,oyles2 
n only 9 ,se$s1 & "s ,fruits1 b o!r     
,p>ts2 z 9 c]ta9 little cavities 9 !    
,leaves ( ,sav9e1 visibly collect$ :ile 
!y are gr[+4 ,gumms or ,res9es2 z 9     
,p9e1 ,fir1 & o!rs ( ?is ,k9d4 ,milks2 z
 9 a va/ numb] ( ,plants1 & among/ !m1  
_m n suspect$ to yield any4 ,=1 ( ,h]bs1
 n only mo/ ( ! ,umbellif]\s ,k9d1 are  
,milky2 b all or mo/ ( ! ,intyb\s2      
,poppys2 ,tra*eliums2 ,p]w9kles2 div]s  
,?i/les2 & ev5 ,onions1 if cut at !     
bottome2 ) a great _m m4 ,( ,trees1 n   
only ! ,little ,maple1 b ! "y ,%oots (  
,lawrel1 especially be+ cru%$2 z also ^?
 ( ,eld]1 & "s o!rs4 ,to :i* may be     
add$1 su* ,mucilages1 :i* ?\gh n s      
prop]ly conta9$ )9 ! ,p>ts1 yet are f\nd

 ly+ ov] !m2 z ov] ! fir/ ,spr+-leaves (
 all k9ds ( ,docks2 betwixt ! ,leaves & 
! ,veil :]e9 !y are involv$4 ,t f9e :ite
 ,fl[] or ,p[d]1 :i* lies ov] ! ,leaves 
( "s ,plants1 z ( ,be>s-,e>3 ,& 9       
,pr9ces-,fea!r1 ab\t c]ta9 ,ap]tures    
only on ! edges ( ! ,leaves4  #bb4 4 ,( 
all ^! %\ld be obs]v$1 fir/ _!          
,receptacles2 "s ( !m1 be+ prop] to "o2 
o!rs1 common to two or m ( !m3 s9ce x is
 c]ta91 t "s ( !m d ,transmigrate f "o1 
into ano!r ,receptacle1 or t ! same     
,receptacle is fill$ ) ,fluid ,bodies1 (
 a q diff]5t ,nature1 at ! diff]5t      
,seasons ( ! ,ye>1 & ,ages ( !          
,vegetable4 ,& x is also v probable1 ,t 
two ( "s ( !m1 may1 sometimes1 be       
conta9$ 9 "o ,receptacle1 at ! same "t2 
z 9 ,animals1 ! ,lympha 9 ! ,d4         
,?oracicus1 & t1 & ! ,*yle1 9 !         
,sangu9e\s ,vessels4  #bc4 4 ,!n _!     
,motions2 bo? ,natural1 & su* z may be  
effect$ by ,art3 & ^? ei!r by ,desc5t or
 ,asc5t2 ,& 9 asc5d+1 ?r\gh :at diff]5t 
,*anels or ,p>ts ( ! ,trunk2 s9ce x is  

c]ta91 ,t !re is a v>iety1 bo? 9 respect
 ( ! ,season1 & ( ,vegetables4 ,:]e x w 
fall 91 ,to obs]ve ! ,tapp+ ( ,trees4 ,z
 also _! ,ble$+3 to :at ,trees x is     
prop] to ble$3 9 ^? to :i* x is1 ) :at  
diff]5ce ( ,cel]ity3 & :5 _! peculi>    
,season3 = none w ble$ at all times2    
nei!r w all ble$ at ! same4 ,& !n _!    
,collat]al ,motion1 toge!r ) ! ,mode (  
_! ,transition f "o ,organical ,"p to   
ano!r4  #bd4 4 ,next _! ,quantities1    
ei!r ( "o2 z ! ,comp>ison is made       
betwixt sev]al ,plants1 or betwixt !    
,p>ts ( ! same4 ,s ! true ,se$ ( all    
,plants1 conta9e? m ,oyl1 9 proportion1 
?an any ( ! o!r ,p>ts4 ,or else ( div]s1
 z coexi/5t & be>+ su* a proportion "o  
to ano!r 9 ! same ,"p3 ( mo/ ( :i*1 x   
may be kn[n by _! respective            
,receptacles4 ,yet ! ,computation mu/ n 
be made f ! numb] ( ! said ,receptacles1
 simply2 b z t is 9 conjunction ) _!    
,capacity2 & z _! ,capacity is          
proportion$ to _! surr\nd+ ,sides2 !    
,sides ( ^? ( ! lea/ ,capacity1 be+     

usually z ?ick1 z ^? ( ! greate/3 s t   
suppose ,t5 less]1 to lye )9 ! compass (
 ,"o great]2 ! ,cont5t ( ^! altoge!r1   
w\ld sc>ce be equal to half ! ,cont5t ( 
t ,"o4  #be4 4 ,also _! ,consi/5ce2     
scil43 ( s _m ( !m z are discrim9able by
 ,t\*2 9 be+ ,s(t or ,h>d2 ,?9 or ,?ick2
 ,mucilag9\s1 ,gumm\s1 ,glut9\s1        
,friable1 c4 ,& ^! 9 _! sev]al ,degrees2
 9 :i* !re is a ,v>iety1 z 9 ! ,milks ( 
"s ,plants1 :i* are m ,dilute1 ?an t (  
o!rs3 ,mucilages2 :i* 9 "s1 are v ?ick &
 ,visc\s1 9 o!rs1 m dilut$ & com+ ne>]  
to a watry ,sap4 ,& by ,?is1 to be      
comp>$ 9 ! same mann]1 z by _!          
,quantity4  #bf4 4 ,likewise _! ,col\rs1
 ,smells1 & ,ta/es3 ,! g5]al & p>ticul> 
,k9ds ( all :i* %\ld be not$4 ,& to :at 
,conta9$ ,p>ts1 & 9 :at ,v>iety1 !y     
app]ta94 ,s mo/ ,res9\s ,gumms are      
,t9ctur'd1 "s1 n2 z t :i* drops f !     
,dome/ick ,p9e1 is z cle> z ,rock-wat]4 
,! ,milks ( "s ,plants are ,pal]1 z 9   
,burdock2 ( o!rs ,:it]1 z 9 ,d&elyon1   
,scorzon]a2 ,citr9e1 9 ! ,root (        

,tra*elium1 ,angelica2 ,yell[1 z 9      
,lovage4 ,9 "s ,plants1 ,odor\s1 z 9    
,umbellif]\s2 9 o!rs n1 z 9 ,ci*orace\s4
 ,t ( ,little ,maple1 ,ta/eless2 ( ,g>d5
 ,*]vil1 ,sweet2 ( ,f5il1 ,hot2 (       
,scorzon]a1 ,a/r+5t2 ( ,d&elion1 ,bitt]2
 & g5]ally1 9 o!r ,plants2 b ) _m       
,degrees ( ,/r5g?1 & 9 conjunction ) o!r
 ,ta/s4 ,b mo/ ,mucilages1 h little ei!r
 ,col\r1 ,ta/e1 or ,smell2 & ! l4 ,"h   
also ! same ,qualities are to be inquir$
 into1 z1 9 g5]al speak+1 !y are said to
 belong to a ,vegetable4 ,s9ce x is m   
?an probable1 t all ,col\rs 7except+    
,:ite1 :i* is sometimes common bo? to   
,conta9+ & ,conta9$ ,p>ts7 all ,od\rs1 &
 ,ta/es1 :i* are m imm$iately1 & )\t a  
resolution ( _! ,ess5tial ,pr9ciples1   
p]ceptible 9 a ,plant2 are n ascribable 
ei!r to ! ,organical1 or ,conta9+ ,p>ts2
 b only to ,^?1 ,conta9$ 9 !m2 z f div]s
 reasons h]eaft] may appe>4  #bg4 4 ,&  
fir/1 _! ,col\rs2 :]e1 ) respect to     
sev]al ,plants & ,p>ts1 !y are m        
,*angeable2 z ,r$1 9 ,fl[]s2 or         

,con/ant1 z ,gre51 9 ,leaves4 ,:i*1 )   
respect to sev]al ,ages ( "o ,"p1 are m 
fad+1 z ,gre5 9 ,fruits2 or durable1 z  
,yell[ 9 ,fl[]s4 ,9 :at ,p>ts m ,s+le1 z
 always 9 ! ,se$2 or m ,comp\nd$1 z 9 ! 
,fl[]2 & 9 :at ,plants m especially1 z 9
 ,pancy4 ,:i* prop] to ,plants t h su* a
 ,ta/e or ,smell1 z bo?1 9 ,:ite ,fl[]s1
 are usually less /rong4 ,to ,plants t  
fl[] 9 su* a ,season1 z a ,yell[ ,fl[]1 
,i ?9k1 *iefly1 to ,spr+ ,plants4 ,& to 
,plants t are natural to su* a ,soil or 
,seat1 z to ,wat]-plants1 m usually1 a  
:ite ,fl[]4 ,:at1 among/ all ,col\rs1 m 
,common to ,plants1 z ,gre52 or m ,r>e1 
z ,black4 ,& :at all ^! ,v>ieties (     
,col\rs are ^u ,cultivation1 b *iefly1 9
 _! natural ,soil4 ,to obs]ve also ) _! 
sup]ficial ,col\rs1 ^? )93 s ! ,roots ( 
,docks1 are ,yell[2 ( ,bi/ort1 ,r$2 (   
,av5s1 ,purple2 b ( mo/1 ,:ite4 ,:]e !  
,inw>d1 & ,sup]ficial ,col\rs agree2 z 9
 ! ,leaves2 or v>y1 z 9 ! o!r ,p>ts     
frequ5tly4 ,& 9 :at mann] !y are        
,situat$2 "s univ]sally spread+1 o!rs   

runn+ only along ) ! ,vessels1 z 9 !    
,leaves ( ,r$ ,dock1 & ! ,fl[]s (       
,wood-,sorrel4  #bh4 4 ,next _! ,od\rs2 
:at may be _! pr9cipal ,seat2 :e!r "o or
 div]s ,seats 9 ! same ,plant4 ,:at !   
*ief ,matt] out ( :i* !y are cont9ually 
br$4 ,:at similitude betwixt ! ,smells (
 div]s ,vegetables2 z betwixt ,baume1 & 
a ,limon2 ! ,gre5 ,leaves (             
,mead[-sweet1 & ! gre5 ,r9ds ( ,walnuts4
 ,or betwixt ^? ( ,plants & ,animals2 z 
! ,smell ( gre5 & well-gr[n ,c>duus1 is 
l to t rank sc5t1 ab aliquorum axillis  
spiranti4 ,:i* h a m s5sible ,smell2 z  
mo/ h2 & :i* h less1 z ,corn4 ,:]e !    
gre5 ,leaf is ! mo/ ,fragrant ,"p1 z 9  
,musk-,cranesbill2 :]e ! ,fl[]1 z 9     
,roses2 ! ,root1 z 9 sweet ,calamus4    
,:]e all ! ,p>ts h "s ,od\r1 :]e "s1 or 
"o1 only2 z 9 ,scurvy-grass1 only !     
,fl[]s1 unless ! ,leaves are bruis'd2 & 
9 ,arum1 ! ,pe/il only2 = nei!r ! ,leaf1
 nor ,root ha? any ,smell1 unless cut2 b
 ?is is /rong en\gh1 n mu* unlike to    
,humane ,excrem5ts4  #bi4 4 ,b          

especially _! ,ta/es1 :i* x mu* importe?
 u m precisely to di/+ui%2 ,fir/1 by _! 
g5]al ,k9ds2 = ! numb]1 ev5 ( ^!1 may be
 comput$ great] ?an usually x is4 ,i    
rememb] n1 t ,heat & ,acritude1 )       
respect to ,ta/e1 are di/+ui%$2 yet     
,arum-,root is v ,pung5t1 )\t any prop] 
,heat2 & ,cloves1 are v ,hot1 )\t any   
prop] ,pung5cy4 ,s ! ,:ite ,roots (     
,y>r[1 h a ,ta/e1 h>dly any o!r way     
p]ceptible1 ?an by caus+ a g5tle gl[+ & 
cont9u$ ,w>m? ^u ! ,tongue4 ,also _!    
,respond5cies "o to ano!r2 z t ( ,z$o>y1
 & ( ! less] ,c>damoms1 is some:at l to 
,camphire4 ,likewise _! ,degrees2 9 :i* 
!re is a great latitude1 & may be ext5d$
 f ,"o to ,t51 or ) easie di/9ction1 f  
,"o to ,five3 ,s ! ,root ( ,sorrel1 is  
,bitt] 9 ! fir/2 ( ,dock1 9 ! second2 ( 
,dog-,rose1 9 ! ?ird2 ( ,d&elyon1 9 !   
f\r?2 ( ,g5tian1 9 ! fif?3 obs]v+ !m1 n 
only z !y v>y 9 sev]al ,k9ds ( ,plants1 
b ! sev]al ,species ( "o1 z 9 ,ci*ory1  
,hawkwe$1 ,d&elyon4 ,& !n _!            
,compositions2 = ,ta/es are z truly     

conjunct 9 "o ,"p1 z ,col\rs3 by :i*1 ! 
latitude is /ill great]2 ,9 t all ,k9ds 
( ,ta/es1 9 all _! ,degrees1 & 9 diff]+ 
,numb]s1 may be v>i\sly ,comp\nd$       
toge!r3 ,= ! mo/ "p1 ,two1 z 9 ! ,leaves
 ( %>p-po9t$ ,dock1 ,a/r+5t1 & ,s[re2 9 
,sorrel-,roots1 ,a/r+5t & ,bitt]2 & 9   
,aloes1 ,bitt] & ,sweet2 ! "o 9 ! fif?1 
! o!r1 9 ! fir/ ,degree2 z ^u an        
unprejudic$ tryal may be p]ceiv$3 & yet 
m evid5tly 9 ! ,gall ( any ,l&-,animal4 
,sometimes ?ree1 z 9 ,agrimony1 ,bitt]1 
,r\gh1 & ,s[ri% & 9 ,ag>ick1 ,bitt]1    
,r\gh1 & ,sweet4 ,& sometimes1 p]haps m4
 ,! ,s5sible di/9ctions ( all :i*1 may  
lye almo/ z wide1 z ( ,plants !mselves4 
,:]e=e1 al?\gh x may be ?\ght ra%ness1  
to take away ! di/9ctions ( ,hot1 ,cold1
 ,moi/1 ,dry1 ,?91 ,gross1 & o!r        
,qualities1 9 _! sev]al ,degree1 :i* !  
,anci5ts h affix$ to p>ticul> ,plants3  
yet s9ce !y h done x1 to _m ( !m1 ) mu* 
unc]ta9ty2 & t1 )al1 !y are1 m prop]ly1 
! ,effects & ,op]ations ( ,plants1 ?an  
_! ,qualites2 ,practical ,obs]vation1   

may !re=e approve x useful1 to add ^!   
,s5sible ,ones ( v>i\s ,ta/es1 precisely
 di/+ui%+ _! ,conjugations & ,degrees4  
,la/ly1 _! sev]al ,v>ieties &           
,mutations1 ) respect to ! ,subject :]e9
 !y reside1 %\ld also be not$4 ,z1 ( all
 ,ta/es f\nd 9 ,plants1 ,bitt] & ,s[r1  
are mo/ common2 ,sweet & ,salt1 mo/ r>e4
 ,:i* latt]1 is n only p]ceptible 9 "s  
,sea-,plants2 b ^u "s o!rs1 z ^u ! fre% 
,leaves ( ,tam>isk2 :i* be+ lick$ :ile  
!y gr[1 or :5 imm$iately ga!r$1 are     
pla9ly ,salti%4 ,h[ !y v>y ) ! ,age ( ! 
,plant1 or ,"p2 z ! ,roots ( ,radi%es1  
gr[+ up to ,se$1 lose ! /r5g? ( _! ,ta/2
 s mo/ ,fruits are fir/ ,s[re1 !n       
,sweet4 ,:at prop] to ! sev]al ,p>ts (  
any "o ,plant2 s ! ,leaves ( ,wormwood  
are extraord9>y ,bitt]2 ! ,root sc>cely 
s at all2 ( an ,hot1 b q diff]5t ,ta/e4 
,:at m ,common1 or ,r>e1 to any ,"p2 s  
no ,root t ,i ev] ta/$1 is ,s[re4 ,& h[ 
!y ,alt]nate 9 sev]al ,plants2 z ! ,root
 ( ,/ock-,july-fl[] is bit+1 n !        
,leaves2 on ! contr>y1 ! ,leaves ( !    

,wat]-,arsm>t1 are ,bit+2 b n ! ,root2 &
 ! l4 ,to :i* we may add ! diff]5ce (   
,"t :]e9 ! ,ta/es ( ,plants are p]ceiv$2
 z ^? ( ,arum1 & ,rape-,cr[foot1 are bo?
 ,bit+2 b t ( ! fir/1 z x is sl[ly      
p]ceiv$1 s x cont9ues long2 t ( ! o!r1  
quickly comes1 & quickly goes4  #cj4 4  
,among/ ! o!r ,adjuncts ( ! ,conta9$    
,p>ts1 ?\gh n ( ^! only1 ! ,faculties ( 
,vegetables are to be reput$4 ,= s !    
,ros9 ( ,jalap1 :i* is ,purgative1 is z 
truly conta9$ 9 ! ,organical ,p>ts ( t  
,root1 z ,blood is 9 ,ve9s3 ,x w be     
requisite !re=e to make p>ticul>        
obs]vation ( ^! also4 ,& fir/1 :at      
,faculties *iefly may reside 9 ,plants1 
above o!rs3 s !re is none ( kn[n use 9  
,salivation1 except by hold+ 9 ! m\?3   
,al?\gh we may ask1 ,:y "s among/ !m1   
may n 7be+ ,tak5 inw>dly7 h a p[] to    
evacuate by ,?is1 z well z o!r ,viol5t  
ways8 ,:]e ! ,faculty is m univ]sally   
spread ov] all ! ,p>ts ( a ,vegetable1 z
 9 ,as>um4 ,:]e belong+ *iefly or :olly 
to any p>ticul> ,p>ts or ,"p2 z *iefly  

to ! ,root ( ,rhub>b2 & only to ! true &
 prop] ,se$ ( ,b>bado ,nuts4 ,:e!r "s   
,faculties1 may be prop] to "s ,p>ts    
especially4 ,:at conjunction !y may h ) 
any s5sible ,qualities4 ,s1 _m ,purg]s1 
are n only ,res9\s & ,gumm\s2 ,b also   
,mucilag9\s2 z ,bryony1 wild ,cucum]1   
,lapa?um ,sativum2 & !re=e probably     
,rhub>b1 :5 gr[+2 ,mall[s1 ,violets1 c4 
,su* z are ,purg+ & ,vomitory1 ?\gh "s (
 !m h a /rong ,ta/e1 yet ! great] "p1 & 
( ^?1 _m ( ! /rong] sort1 h no ,ta/e1 or
 n ,great2 z ,s5na1 ,jalap1 ,scammony1  
,hellebore1 ,as>um1 & o!rs4 ,among/ :i*1
 al?\gh ,hellebore ha? a v ,durable     
,ta/e1 yet is x n v ,high or ,great4 ,s 
also1 ^? t are mo/ s5sibly ta/$1 are1 ,i
 ?9k1 = ! mo/ "p1 m or less ,bitt]2 ei!r
 simply1 z ,colocyn?is2 or ,bitt] &     
,a/r+5t1 z ,rhub>b2 or ,bitt] & ,sweet1 
z ,aloe2 or ,bitt]1 ,a/r+5t1 & ,sweet1 z
 ,ag>ick4 ,few are ,hot1 z ,iris4 ,or   
simply ,sweet4 ,& ?\gh "s may be        
,subacid1 t are ,mollify+ or ,l5itive1  
yet no prop] ,purge or ,vomit is ,s[re4 

,su* ,plants z are ( a s(t & sweeti%    
,ta/e1 )\t ,viscosity1 may be acc\nt$   
good ,antiscorbuticks1 especially aga9/ 
! ,sea1 or o!r ,salt-,scurvey2 z are    
good sweet ,pease3 ,& sometimes ! ,wat] 
or ,_s ( ! ,%ells2 :i* may easily be    
drawn f !m1 be+ fir/ duly f]m5t$1 & ha? 
a true ,v9\s ,ta/e2 b v mild1 & n       
unpleasant4 ,^? ,plants1 ^: ,p>ts are n 
only ,hot b ,volatile1 z ,onions1 are   
g5]ally good = ,burns4 ,su* z h a       
,balsamick ,ta/e or ,smell1 ) a little  
,a/r+5cy1 z ,hyp]icum1 ,gold5-,rod1     
,lamium ,luteum1 c4 ! be/ ,w\nd-,h]bs4  
,& su* z are g5tly ,bitt]1 & ,p5etrant  
^u ! ,tongue1 or 9 ! ,?roat1 z ,daisy1  
,anagallis1 good ,cleans]s4 ,t su*      
,bodys1 pr9cipally1 are ,anodyne1 :i*   
are ,yell[1 ,i ?9k1 is m ?an a conceit2 
,yelks ( ,eggs1 ,fnugreek ,se$s1        
,l9t-se$ ,oyl1 ,may-,butyr1 ,m>r[1      
,p+u$o ,humana1 ,hyoscyamus luteus1     
,safron1 ,sulphur1 ,opium1 all ,anodyne 
& ,yell[4 ,h[ likewise _! ,faculties &  
,qualities may v>y _! ,degrees1 ei!r    

diff]5tly or toge!r3 s ,aloe &          
,colocyn?is1 are bo? ,bitt] 9 ! highe/  
,degree2 yet ,aloe1 :i* is also ,sweet1 
,purge? m mod]ately2 ,colocyn?is1 :i* is
 ,bitt]1 b n ,sweet1 mo/ ,viol5tly4 ,h[ 
f> ! ,faculties ( ,vegetables1 z well z 
_! ,qualities1 may be ,comp\nd$2 :]e1 & 
:i* *iefly2 z ,a/rictive & ,purgative 9 
,rhub>b4 ,:]e ?is ,"q may be put1 ,:e!r 
div]s o!r1 & yet m extreme ,faculties1 z
 well z ^! ( ,a/rictive & ,purgative1   
may n some:]e or o!r be also f\nd1 or   
made1 to meet3 :]eby ! same ,plant1 or  
"s ,prep>ation ( x1 may be mo/ ,pot5t1 &
 yet mo/ ,innoc5t2 ! ,malignity !re(    
ex]t+ its ,p[]1 & ! ,virtue its         
,sov]eignty at ! same "t4 ,& la/ly1 :at 
,aff9ity !re may be betwixt !m2 z mo/   
,plants1 t are /rong ,purgatives1 &     
especially ,vomitories1 ,i ?9k1 are also
 ,/]nutatory2 z :ite ,hellebore1 ,jalap1
 ,tobacco3 & on ! contr>y1 su* z are    
,/]nutatory1 are "s ( ! mo/ prop] & mo/ 
pot5t ,m$ic9es = ! ,head1 ,bra91 & ,g5us
 ,n]vosum1 ,tak5 inw>dly1 z ,lilium     

convalle1 c4 & ! l4  #ca4 4 ,?us f> a   
p>ticul> obs]vation ( ! ,qualities &    
,faculties ( ! ,cont5ts ( ,vegetables   
may proce$1 z !y are exi/5t 9 _!        
,natural ,e/ate4 ,f :i*1 al?\gh "s      
probable ,conjectures may be made1 ( _! 
,mat]ial & ,=mal ,ess5ces1 & ( ! ,causes
 ( _! det]m9ate ,v>ieties1 or ! ,modes (
 ,vegetation necess>y !reunto3 yet w our
 ,conceptions h]e( be m facile1 cle>1 & 
compreh5sive1 if by all o!r ,ways (     
,obs]vation1 !y be likewise exam9$1     
accord+ z ,exp]im5t maybe applicable to 
any ( !m4  #cb4 4 ,z by ,contusion2 s "s
 ,plants give _! ,smell1 n )\t ,rubb+1  
or n s well2 z ! gre5 ,leaves (         
,/ramonium1 ,scurvygrass1 & _m m3 o!rs  
lose x by ,rubb+1 z ! fl[]s ( ,violets1 
,c>nations1 ,borage1 c4 o!rs yield x bo?
 ways1 z ,rosem>y1 c4 ,s "s ,apples m5d 
_! ,ta/e1 by ,scoap+1 & ,pe>s by ,r[l+1 
especially t call$ ! ,r[l+ ,pe>4  #cc4 4
 ,by ,agitation2 :i* do? t1 sometimes1  
by ,=ce1 :i* ,dige/ion1 do? by ,heat3 s 
any cold ,oyl & a ,syrup be+1 9 a due   

mann]1 agitat$ toge!r1 ( two ,fluid     
bodies w become "o ,consi/5t1 z is kn[n4
  #cd4 4 ,by ,frigifaction2 h[ f> !     
,juyces ( ,plants1 ei!r )\t or )9 !m1   
may be any ( !m1 or "s m ?an o!rs1      
subject to ,cold3 & !reby to be depriv$ 
( _! ,motion or natural ,consi/5ce1 or  
may suff] alt]ation 9 _! ,col\r1 ,ta/e1 
or ,smell4  #ce4 4 ,by ,infusion2 :]e ,i
 mean ,infusion only 9 ,common ,wat]2 ,s
 bo? ,cassia ,lignea1 & ,c9namon are a  
little ,mucilag9\s2 b ! =m] mo/4 ,"s ( !
 ,cont5ts ( ,plants1 may be :olly       
dissolv$ 9 ,common ,wat]2 "s b 9 "p1    
o!rs n at all2 or v little2 :i* is prop]
 to "s ,milks1 z well z ,gums4 ,!       
,col\rs1 ,smells or ,ta/es !y h]eupon   
yield1 are f\nd v>i\s2 & 9 "s v         
unexpect$3 ,s ! gre5 ,leaves ( ,bawm1   
be+ duly infus$ 9 common ,wat]1 )\t any 
o!r ,body add$1 t9cture x ) a cle> &    
deep ,r$1 ne> t ( ,cl>et ,w9e1 z ,i h   
(t5 try$4  #cf4 4 ,by ,subsid+2 ,s !    
,juyce ( ,sorrel1 be+ ord]$ z t (       
,grapes1 w1 9 "t1 let fall a k9d ( ,t>t>

 or ,ess5tial ,salt4 ,& s p]haps w t (  
_m o!r ,plants1 )\t any previ\s         
,decoction2 al?\gh t be commonly ?\ght  
to be necess>y4  #cg4 4 ,by ,dige/ion ) 
,f]m5tation2 ei!r ( ! entire            
,vegetables1 or ( ! ,juyces1 or o!r     
,cont5ts2 & ^! by !mselves1 or ) common 
,wat]4 ,& h]eby to note1 :at diff]5ce   
may be 9 ! ,/r5g?1 ,cel]ity1 or         
,cont9uance ( ! ,f]m5tation4 ,likewise1 
h[ _! ,qualities may !reby be alt]$2 z !
 ,smell ( ,violet-fl[]s1 f a mo/        
excell5t ,fragrancy1 may1 by ,dige/ion1 
be r$uc$ to an odi\s & abom9able ,/9k1 l
 t ( ! black ,mud ( ,gutt]s4  #ch4 4 ,by
 ,dige/ion ) ,calefaction2 s ! ,col\r ( 
! ,juyce ( ,limons1 f ,transp>5cy 7if t 
be a ,col\r7 may be turn$ to a p]fect   
,r$4 ,:5ce x is t _m are deceiv$ 9 !    
,prep>ation call$ ! ,t9cture ( ,corals2 
suppos+ ! ,corals to give ! ,m5/ruum its
 ,col\r4 ,:]eas ! ,m5/ruum w obta9 x1   
only by ,dige/ion1 )\t any ,corals1 mix$
 ) x4  #ci4 4 ,by ,decoction2 ei!r (    
,vegetables !mselves1 or ( _! ,liquors2 

& to obs]ve :at alt]ations foll[4 ,s    
,turp5t9e boil$ become? friable1 ,sug>1 
,bitt]1 & ( a ,br[n ,r$4 ,turneps lose  
_! ,bit+ ,ta/e2 ,onions1 _! ,picquancy2 
yet nei!r ( !m convey ^? self same      
,qualities to ! ,wat]4 ,! same may be   
obs]v$ 9 ! ,decoction (                 
,sweet-,f5nel-se$s1 ,anise$s1 & o!rs1   
los+ mu* ( _! ,ta/es !mselves1 & yet    
convey+ v little ( !m to ! ,liquors :]e9
 !y are boil$2 ! great] portion ( _!    
,volatile p>ts1 & s _! ,virtue & ,ta/e  
!re)1 fly+ away4 ,:]e( !re=e x is mu*   
bett] to make an ,emulsion1 ?an to      
decoct !m2 or to make an ,emulsion f !m1
 ) _! own ,decoction1 especially if !   
,m$ic9e be int5d$ to be ,c>m9ative1 z ,i
 h frequ5tly obs]v$4 ,! ,decoction %\ld 
also be c>ri$ on ?r\gh\t all degrees to 
t ( an ,extract2 by :i* ! ,qualities    
!re(1 sometimes1 are mu* alt]$2 z !     
,col\r ( all or mo/ gre5 ,leaves1 f a   
k9d ( ,yell[1 deep5s at la/ into a d>k  
"o1 z ,black z ,pit*4  #dj4 4 ,by       
,di/illations2 bo? ) ! cold ,/ill1      

,alembick1 ,*appel- & op5 ,furnace3 & to
 note :at ,vegetables ?us give _! ,smell
 or ,ta/e1 & 9 :at ,degrees ( /r5g?1    
ei!r "u1 or ov] _! natural ones2 z ,m9t1
 ,p5nyroyal1 & ! l1 :i* are ,aromatick &
 ,hot1 give _! ,ta/es p]fect3 b         
,wormwood1 :i* is ,aromatick & ,bitt]2  
gives x b by halfs1 pretty fully z      
,aromatick1 little z ,bitt]4 ,& ,c>duus1
 ?\gh also s exce$+ ,bitt]1 yet n be+   
,aromatick1 yielde? a mu* weak] ,ta/e4  
,also :at ,vegetables yield ,oyl mo/    
pl5tifully2 & :at diff]5ce may be 9 ^?  
,oyls1 z to _! ,col\r1 ,weight1 or      
o!rwise2 z t ( ,cloves is sometimes ,r$2
 ( ,c9namon1 limpid2 bo? ,pond]\s4 ,s to
 di/il ,juices1 ,gums1 or o!r ,cont5ts1 
) an hot fire2 & to see1 :at ,bodies !y 
yield1 & ( :at ,qualities2 z ,turp5t9e  
is kn[n to yield1 besides its ,oyl1 a   
subacid ,wat]2 ,v9eg>1 an ,eag] ,_s2 z t
 "p may be call$1 :i* ,*ymi/s are wont  
to call ! ,phlegm4  #da4 4 ,by          
,arefaction2 s ,milks :i* are ,liquid1 &
 ,:ite 9 _! ,natural ,e/ate1 9 ,/&+1 gr[

 ,gumm\s1 ,yell[1 & o!rwise diff]5t1 s  
do? t ( ,scorzon]a2 & t ( ,f5il becomes 
a ,balsamical1 b ,limpid ,oyl4 ,! ,roots
 ( ,angelica1 be+ dry'd1 & cut by !     
l5g?1 exhibit _! small ,ve9s fill'd ) an
 ,aromatick ,ros94 ,9 ! :it] p>ts (     
,rhub>b1 is ga!r$ a k9d ( ,sal9e        
,concret2 by :i*1 ?is ,root1 9 *ew+1    
seems z if x 7 a little gritty4         
,cabbage-,/alks1 slic$1 & laid 9 ! ,%ade
 to dry1 ga!r on !m a k9d ( ,nitr\s     
,ho>4 ,rais9s & ,cor9s conta91 n only a 
sweet ,juyce1 b also a true ,sug>1 :i*  
lies curdl$ 9 ! ,pulp1 z ! m ,sal9e p>ts
 d 9 ,gre5 ,soap4 ,& ! l is ga!r'd on ! 
out-side ( a ,fig2 sav+1 t x is m       
,nitr\s1 z ly+ next ! ,a]4 ,! ,roots (  
,arum1 ^u dry+1 lose mu* ( ! /r5g? ( _! 
,ta/e2 b ! contr>y may be not$ ( _m o!r 
,roots1 :i*1 ^u dry+1 increase x4 ,"s1  
be+ cut & laid by1 *ange _! ,natural    
,col\rs1 into ,r$1 ,purple1 ,yell[1     
,gre51 or ,:ite2 z ,liquori%1 into      
,:ite1 9 "s places2 & ,peony1 into ,r$3 
& sometimes into two2 z ,pati5ce1 into  

,yell[ & ,r$4  #db4 4 ,by ,assation2 ?us
 ,apples1 by roa/+1 eat m ,s[re4 ,!     
,root ( ,horse-,radi%1 toa/$1 ta/e? l a 
,turnep4 ,potatoes1 ,onions1 & _m o!r   
,roots1 & ,p>ts1 h _! ,ta/es1 ei!r      
,alt]$ or ,refract$2 :i* *iefly1 & 9 :at
 mann]1 %\ld be obs]v$4 ,!re is "o      
alt]ation1 z rem>kable1 z commonly kn[n2
 & is t :i* foll[e? ^u roa/+ or bak+ 9  
"o k9d ( ! ,wald5sian ,pe>s1 :i*1 = a   
,wald51 we corruptly call a ,w>d54  #dc4
 4 ,by ,u/ion2 :]e9 "s ,plants1 or ,p>ts
 ( !m1 burn v quietly2 o!rs1 n )\t      
viol5t motions2 s ,f5il-,se$s1 held 9 ! 
flame ( a ,c&le1 w spit & spurtle1 l !  
,s]um ( ,blood4 ,"s ,vegetables lose _! 
,smell1 z ,roses2 o!rs1 keep x1 z       
,rosem>y2 & o!rs1 m5d x1 z ,lignum      
,aloes1 ,to note1 n only ! alt]ation (  
_! ,qualities1 b :at !y yield2 z        
,turp5t9e1 :i*1 9 ,di/illation1 yielde? 
,oyl & ,wat]1 bo? limpid2 ^u ,u/ion1    
%ewe? no?+ b a black ,soot4 ,s ,b5zo9e1 
by ,di/illation1 ,oyl2 by ,u/ion1 :ite  
,fl[]s1 z is kn[n4  #dd4 4 ,by          

,calc9ation2 & "h to obs]ve1 :]e9 !     
,caput ,mortuum ( "o1 may diff] f1 or   
agree 9 ,nature ) t ( ano!r2 & also to  
comp>e ^! ) ^? ( ,animal ,bodies4 ,z    
also 9 _! ,quantities4 ,& to comp>e !m )
 :at !y yield by ,di/illation & ,u/ion z
 to bo?4 ,?us f> !y h be5 try$ s+ly1 or 
by !mselves4 ,!y %\ld also be exam9$4   
#de4 4 ,by ,composition2 n only ) ,wat]1
 z 9 simple ,infusions1 c4 b ) any o!r  
,bodies1 :i* may h a p[] ( act+ ^u !m1  
or ^u :i*1 ^! may h a p[] to act4 ,& s  
to make ,infusions1 ,de/illations1      
,decoctions1 ,dige/ions1 9 div]s k9ds ( 
,liquors1 z ,v9eg>1 ,ur9e1 ,_s ( ,h4 ,h4
 ,w9e1 ,blood1 ,milk1 or o!rs4 ,s 9     
,infusions1 "s ,r$ ,col\rs are heightn$ 
by ,acids2 ,blews1 turn$ ,purple4 ,s    
fetid ,spirits 7z ( ,h4,h47 may be r5dr$
 mu* m grateful1 by be+ ,rectifi$1 once 
or twice1 ) fre% ,aromaticks1 ,to obs]ve
 also :at foll[s1 ^u mix+ ! ,liquors1 or
 o!r ,p>ts ( ,plants toge!r1 z ,oyl (   
,turp5t9e1 by ,dige/ion ) a ,lixivial   
,salt1 extracte? !nce a ,r$ ,t9cture4   

,or ) ,salts1 ,e>?s1 ,metals1 or any o!r
 ,bodies2 z ! ,juyce ( ! gre5 ,leaves ( 
,rasb]ry1 ,primrose1 & div]s o!r ,plants
 7,i ?9k pr9cipally su* z are ,a/r+5t7  
express$ ^u ,/eel1 z x drie?1 become? ( 
a ,purple ,col\r4  #df4 4 ,la/ly1 by    
,comp\nd+ ! ,exp]im5t x self1 or joyn+  
two or m ( !m1 ^u ! same matt]3 z       
,f]m5tation & ,de/illation1 z is us$ =  
"s ,wat]s4 ,infusion & ,f]m5tation1 z 9 
mak+ ( ,be]4 ,f]m5tation & ,coction1 or 
r ,assation1 z 9 mak+ ( ,bread4         
,arefaction & ,de/illation1 z may be    
try$ ^u "s ,h]bs2 & ) :at diff]5ce f :at
 may be not$1 ^u _! be+ di/ill$1 moi/4  
#dg4 4 ,hav+ proce$$ ?us f>1 by all !   
above p>ticul> ,ways ( ,obs]vation2 a   
,comp>ative ,prospect mu/ be tak5 ( !m3 
by :i*1 at la/1 ! ,communities &        
,diff]5ces ( ! ,cont5ts ( ,vegetables1  
may be disc]n$2 ! mann] ( _! ,causation 
& ,orig9al1 p>tly1 be judg$ (2 & :]e9 x 
is1 t ! ,ess5ce ( _! sev]al ,natures &  
,qualities do? consi/1 9 "s measure     
compreh5d$4 ,& consequ5tly1 bo? f ! k ( 

_! p>ticul> ,natures1 & ! ,analogy f\nd 
betwixt !m2 we may be able1 bett] to    
conjecture1 & try1 :at any ( !m are1 or 
may be good =4 ,= c]ta9ly1 we %all !n   
"k1 m readily1 to apply ?+s unto1 & m   
fitly to prep>e !m =1 _! ,prop] ,uses1  
:5 we fir/ "k1 :at !y are4 ,not)/&+1    
s9ce ! ,faculties ( ,plants1 d (t5 lie m
 recluse2 x is be/1!re=e1 n :olly to    
acquiesce 9 su* ,conjectures1 z _!      
,ta/es1 or o!r ,s5sible ,prop]ties may  
sugge/2 b to subjoyn ,exp]im5t4 ,9 mak+ 
( :i*1 & 9 pass+ a ,judgm5t !reupon1 _m 
,cautions1 bo? 9 respect ( ! ,plant     
:]e(1 & ! ,subject :]eupon x is made1   
are requisite to be att5d$4 ,:i* yet1 9 
reg>d !y result n s directly f ! ,matt] 
at pres5t 9 h&2 ,i %all n1 !re=e1 "h    
insi/ ^u !m1 ,& ?us mu* = ! ,?ird ,g5]al
 ,mean4  #dh4 4 ,,! ,cont5ts ( !        
,organical ,p>ts ( ,vegetables1 hav+ be5
 ?us duly ,exam9$3  ,! ,f\r? ,g5]al     
,mean4  x w be requisite to make ! l    
,inquiry into _! ,pr9ciples2 or !       
,bodys1 imm$iately concurr5t & ess5tial 

to _! ,be+4 ,& ( ^!1 we are to obs]ve1  
,fir/1 _! ,numb]2 :e!r well r$ucible to 
five1 six1 sev51 or m1 or few]3 & !     
,special ,diff]5ces obs]vable "u any "o 
,g5]al2 s9ce !re are _m ,bodies1 ( v    
diff]5t ,natures1 conf\nd$ "u "o ,"n4   
,next _! ,conjugation2 :i* !y are1 t    
ei!r "u or ov] ^? obs]vable 9 animal1 or
 o!r ,bodies1 are "h joyn$ toge!r 9 a   
,plant2 ,h[ f> common to ! ,organical   
,p>ts ( div]s ,plants2 or to ! sev]al   
,organical ,p>ts ( "o2 or h[ f> diff]5t 
9 !m4 ,s ! pr$om9ant ,pr9ciple ( !      
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( a ,plant1 t x is an   
,acid1 seems evid5t1 ,f ! g5]al ,nature 
( ,fruits2 & ( ,corn2 & mo/ ,p>5*ym\s   
,roots1 :i* are ei!r ,spiritu\s1 or     
,s[]1 or by ,dige/ion1 d easily become  
su*4 ,likewise _! ,proportions2 :i* /& 9
 ! greate/1 :i* 9 ! lea/1 or 9 ! mean]  
,quantities1 & 9 :at ,degrees2 bo? 9    
div]s ,vegetables1 & 9 ! sev]al         
,organical ,p>ts ( "o4 ,& !n !          
,conc5tration & ,union ( !m altoge!r2 z 
to ! degrees ( _! ,clos5ess or ,laxity2 

or ! mann] ( _! ,implication & ,coh]5cy2
 or z to _! ,location1 "o be+ m ,c5tral1
 ano!r m ,expos$ & ,rampant ov] ! re/2  
or o!rwise diff]5t4 ,to exam9e ^!       
,pr9ciples1 by _! ,col\r1 ,ta/e1 ,smell1
 ,consi/5ce1 ,fix$ness1 ,volatility1    
,weight1 ,figures1 or o!r ,accid5ts4 ,& 
to ^! purposes1 to g ?r\gh ! =m5tion$   
,ways ( ,exp]im5t2 z ,u/ion1            
,calc9ation1 ,de/illation1 c4 z any ( !m
 may appe> applicable h]eunto4 ,s !     
,ess5tial ,salt ( ,wormwood1 :i* may be 
obta9$ f ! ,lixivial2 is ,bitt]1        
transp>5t1 & commonly1 ( a ,cyl9drick   
figure3 :]eas t :i* is obta9$ by        
,coction1 or f ! ,extract1 is ta/eless1 
greyi%1 & almo/ ,cubick3 & t 9 !        
,extract ( ! ,gre5 ,leaves ( ,violets1  
appe>s 9 f9e transp>5t ,%oots1 l s _m   
little ,ne$les4 ,& x is probable1 ,t !  
,salts ( mo/ ,k9ds ( ,plants1 :e!r      
,lixivial or ,ess5tial2 & ( ^!1 :e!r    
obta9$ by ,decoction1 or o!rwise1 h ei!r
 _! ,figure1 or o!r ,qualities1 prop] to
 !mselves1 :]eby !y are all di/+ui%$ "o 

f ano!r4 ,& la/ly1 to make ,exp]im5t ^u 
^! ,pr9ciples1 mix+ !m ) "o ano!r1 or ) 
o!r ,bodies1 or o!rwise4  #di4 4 ,i "k x
 w be difficult to make obs]vations (   
?is k9d ^u ! ,organical ,p>ts ( ,plants1
 sev]ally4 ,yet ,i h ?\ght ( "s ,ways1  
:]eby true & undeceivable ones may be   
made4 ,& ! bett] to illu/rate :at ,i    
mean1 ,i %all give "o or two ,in/ances (
 ,tryal to ?is purpose4 ,= ! mak+ ( :i*1
 & "s o!rs ( ! l nature1 ,i consid]$1 ,t
 ^u ! ,anatomical ,analysis ( all !     
,p>ts ( a ,plant1 ,i _h c]ta9ly f\nd1 7&
 %all h]eaft] %ew7 ,t 9 all ,plants1 !re
 are ,two1 & only ,two ,organical ,p>ts 
,ess5tially di/9ct1 viz4 ,! ,pi?y ,"p1 &
 ! ,lign\s ,"p1 or su* o!rs z are       
analog\s to ei!r ( ,^!4 ,s t1 if we c   
?9k ( any ,plants1 :i* w af=d u ei!r (  
^! two1 ?\gh n p]fectly1 yet 9 "s good  
measure1 simple & unmix$3 ,we may !n    
see1 by putt+ !m to a ,*ymical ,te/1 :at
 ,pr9ciples & ,proportion ( ,pr9ciples1 
concur to specifie _! ,sub/antial ,=ms4 
#ej4 4 ,to ! ,pi?y ,"p1 ,/>*1 or pure   

,man*et is analog\s1 z hav+ v little ( !
 ,lign\s mix$ ) !m4 ,i !re=e ord]$  ij (
 ,/>* to be put into a ,retort1 & ) a   
,receiv] affix$1 to be set 9 a ,s&      
,furnace2 & t all x w\ld yield1 %\ld1 by
 degrees1 be =c$ ov]2 :i*1 besides :at 0
 evaporat$ at ! ,neck ( ! ,receiv]1 0   
ab\t  j4 ( an acid & eag] ,liquor1 ( a  
heavy & blacki% ,oyl  ss1 & ( a light   
,oyl  j4 ,! ,caput ,mortuum c\ld n be   
r$uc$ to ,a%es1 by ! /ronge/ heat :i* a 
nak$ fire 9 t ,furnace w\ld produce4    
#ea4 4 ,to ! ,lign\s ,"p1 ,hemp or ,flax
 is analog\s1 hav+ v little ( ! ,pi?y   
mix$ ) !m4 ,i caus$ !re=e  ij ( ,flax to
 be put into a ,retort1 & manag'd z !   
,/>*3 :]eupon1 x yield$ a ,liquor1 z ,i 
rememb]1 some:at l ! =m]1 & ab\t ! same 
quantity2 no ,oyl :i* rema9$ liquid1 :5 
cold2 b in/ead ( t a ,butyr1 almo/ ( !  
,consi/5ce & ,col\r ( ! ,oyl ( ,mace2 & 
( ?is above  iij1 or ne> six times !    
quantity ( ! ,oyl :i* 0 yield$ by !     
,/>*4 ,! ,caput ,mortuum be+ burn$ to a 
:ite ,a%1 yield$ "s portion ( a         

,lixivial ,salt4  #eb4 4 ,f :5ce1 ,i    
%all1 at pres5t1 only make ^! two       
,rem>ques2 ,fir/1 ,t al?\gh ! *ief      
portion1 z to quantity1 9 bo? ^! ,bodys1
 7z 9 mo/ ,plants7 is an ,acid ,liquor2 
yet ! latt]1 yields also "s ( an        
,alkaly1 :i* ! o!r do? n4 ,s t !y are ! 
,lign\s ,p>ts ( a ,plant1 g5]ally1 :i*  
yield ! ,alkalick ,salt1 or at lea/ 9 ! 
greate/ ,proportion4 ,secondly1 ,t !    
,sulphuri\s or ,ole\s ,pr9ciple1 is also
 mu* m pr$om9ant 9 ! ,lign\s ,"p1 ?an 9 
! ,pi?y4 ,to ^!1 ! l ,tryals ^u o!r     
,plants1 %\ld be add$2 & o!r ways4 ,s1 9
 reg>d ! ,soot ( mo/ ,woods1 yields a   
,volatile ,alkaly2 x 7 fit to exam9e1   
,:e!r ! ,soot :i* is made ( ! ,pi?y     
,p>ts & t1 ( ! ,lign\s1 af=d ! said     
,alkaly1 9 equal qantity2 or :e!r1 z is 
mo/ likely1 t ( ! ,lign\s do? af=d x 9 a
 f> great]3 & ! l4  #ec4 4 ,!           
prosecution ( :at is "h propos$1 w be   
requisite1 ,to a full] & cle>] view1 ( !
 ,modes ( ,vegetation1 ( ! ,s5sible     
,natures ( ,vegetables1 & ( _! m        

,recluse ,faculties & ,p[]s4 ,fir/1 ( ! 
,modes ( ,vegetation4 ,= suppose we 7   
speak+ ( a ,root2 f a due consid]ation (
 ! ,prop]ties ( any ,organical ,"p or   
,p>ts !re(2 'tis true1 t ! real & g5u9e 
,causes may be r5dr$1 ( div]s o!r       
dep5d5t ,prop]ties1 z spok5 g5]ally ( ! 
:ole ,root4 ,b x w be ask$ aga91 ,:at   
may be ! ,causes ( ^? fir/ & ,indep5d5t 
ones8 ,:i*1 if we w seek1 we mu/ d x by 
inquir+ also1 ,:at are ! ,pr9ciples ( ^?
 ,organical ,p>ts8 ,= x is necess>y1 t !
 ,pr9ciples :]e( a ,body do? consi/1    
%\ld be1 if n all ( !m ! active1 yet !  
capacitat+ ,causes1 or su* z are call$  
,caus s9e quibus non1 ( its becom+ &    
be+1 9 all respects1 bo? z to ,sub/ance 
& ,accid5ts1 :at x is3 o!rwise1 _!      
,exi/5ce1 9 t ,body1 7 altoge!r         
sup]flu\s2 s9ce x might h be5 )\t !m3   
:i* is s1 x might !n h be5 made ( any   
o!r2 !re be+ no necessity ( putt+ any   
diff]5ce1 if nei!r ^?1 :]e( x is made1  
are ?\ght necess>y to its ,be+4 ,:]e=e  
if we w all[ a ,body1 & s ! ,organical  

,p>ts ( a ,vegetable to h ,pr9ciples1 we
 mu/ all[ ^! ,pr9ciples _! necess>y     
,use2 & t ! ,%apes or o!r ,prop]ties ( !
 said ,p>ts1 are z mu* dep5dant ^u !    
,nature ( ,^!2 z is ! ,r\ndness ( a     
,drop ( ,ink1 ^u ! ,fluidity ( ,wat]1   
+r$i5t to x4  #ed4 4 ,aga91 ! ,pr9ciples
 ( ! ,organical ,p>ts be+ kn[n1 we may f
 !nce obta9 a fur!r k ( ! ,natures1 &   
,causation or ,orig9al ( _! ,cont5ts2   
s9ce ^! ,cont5ts are n only includ$ 9 ! 
said ,organical ,p>ts1 b also ,creat$ by
 !m3 & mu/ ne$s be s1 :e!r we w suppose 
! ,pr9ciples ( ^! ,cont5ts to be        
pr-exi/5t to _! reception !re9to1 or n4 
,=1 if n pr-exi/5t1 :at c be cle>]1 ?an 
t ! said ,p>ts give !m _! ,exi/5ce8 ,&  
if pr-exi/5t1 yet 9 reg>d !y are        
di/+ui%$1 & su* only ( !m admitt$ 9 su* 
sort into an ,organical ,"p1 f among/   
o!rs1 z are apt to comb9e & mix toge!r 9
 su* a ,=m1 & s to con/itute su* a      
,liquor2 x is z cle>1 t ! ,exi/5ce1 if n
 ( ^? ,pr9ciples1 yet ( t ,liquor1 is   
dep5d5t on ! said ,"p4  #ee4 4 ,& if by 

means ( ! said ,organical ,p>ts1 x is1 t
 _! ,cont5ts become su* & su* peculi>   
,mixtures2 x is h5ce also manife/1 ,t1  
by ! same means1 !y are ( su* di/9ct    
,faculties & ,p[]s3 ,because ! ,faculty 
or ,p[] ( a ,body1 lie? n 9 any ( its   
,pr9ciples ap>t2 b is a ,resultance f !m
 all2 or f _! be+1 9 su* peculi> sort & 
mann]1 ,unit$ & ,comb9$ toge!r4 ,s !    
,pr9ciples ( ! ,purgative ,p>ts ( a     
,root1 z ( ,rhub>b1 al?\gh we %\ld      
suppose !m to be exi/5t 9 ! surr\nd+    
,e>?1 yet we _c say1 ,t t ,e>?1 or !    
,pr9ciples !re9 conta9$1 are ,purgative2
 b only t !y are su*1 z by be+ comb9$   
toge!r1 9 su* a peculi> way1 may become 
s4 ,s ! sev]al p>ts ( a ,clock1 al?\gh  
!y are & mu/ be all pr-exi/5t to x1 & x 
is _! ,=m1 by :i* !y are1 :at !y are2   
yet is x ! sett+ toge!r ( su* ,p>ts1 & 9
 su* a way only1 t makes !m a ,clock4 ,&
 s9ce we see t ! ,mixture ( two ,bodies 
( two diff]5t ,qualities1 z ( ,two      
,col\rs1 w produce a ,?ird ,col\r1      
diff]+ f !m bo?2 z ,blue & ,r$1 d a     

,murrey3 ,:y %\ld n ,two or ,m ,bodies (
 diff]5t ,natures1 be s comb9$ toge!r1 z
 to produce a ,?ird ,nature8 ,or :]e=e  
may n t be all[$ to be p]=m$ by ,nature1
 :i* by ,artificial ,comp\nd+ (         
,m$ic9es1 or o!r ,bodies1 is design$1 & 
(t5 times effect$8 ,i'll give b "o      
,in/ance2 ,wat]1 ,grease1 & an          
,alcatizate ,salt1 may be easily s ord]$
 z to be inv]t$ ) new ,qualities1       
,nature1 & ,p[]s2 ! ,salt1 to lose its  
extreme fi]y ,pung5t ,ta/e2 ! ,tall[1   
its ,smell2 & be+ be=e unsociable ) !   
,wat]1 to m+le !re)3 nei!r ,tall[1      
,salt1 nor ,wat] alone1 w fet* out a    
spot ( ,grease2 b all unit$ easily d x3 
! same ,?ree ,bodys unit$1 are1 9 "s    
,cases1 z 9 ! ,jaundies1 no ill ,m$ic9e2
 any ( :i*1 giv5 alone1 may r prove     
prejudicial1 ?an a cure3 & all ?is done1
 only by duly boil+ !m toge!r into "o   
,body1 :i* we call ,sope4  #ef4 4 ,:5ce 
aga91 if x be su* an ,union1 &          
,proportion1 ( su* a ,sort ( ,pr9ciples1
 :i* produce? su* a ,faculty2 & t we    

may1 by any means1 come to "k :at ^!    
are2 we may1 possibly1 also atta9 to ! k
 ( su* ,rules1 :]eby any k9d ( ,faculty 
may be made2 z to ,comp\nd su* ,bodies1 
:i* are nei!r ,purgative nor ,vomitory1 
s toge!r1 z to be ,inve/$ ) ^?          
,faculties4 ,& if to ,make !m1 !n       
consequ5tly1 to ,m5d1 ,exalt1 ,/r5g!n1 &
 ,enoble !m1 ) great] ease & c]ta9ty4 ,&
 ?us mu* = ! ,f\r? ,g5]al ,mean4  #eg4 4
 ,,hi!rto1 ,we h consid]$ ! ,mat]ials ( 
a ,vegetable1 only z ,+r$i5t to x3  ,!  
,fif? ,g5]al ,mean4  !re yet rema9s a   
,fif? ,/ory to be asc5d$2 :i* is1 to    
consid] ^! ,mat]ials z !y are d]iv$ f   
abroad3 or z1 aft] !y are receiv$ &     
naturaliz$1 !y may1 ) o!rs yet abroad1 h
 any k9d ( correspond5ce4 ,& ^! are ,f\r
 9 g5]al1 scil4 ,e>?1 ,wat]1 ,a]1 &     
,sun2 all :i*1 9 t !y contribute s      
univ]sally to ,vegetation1 & to :atsoev]
 is conta9$ 9 a ,vegetable1 x is !re=e  
requisite1 t ( ,^! likewise1 ,p>ticul>  
,obs]vation %\ld be made4  #eh4 4 ,&    
,fir/1 ( ! ,e>?1 & ( all ,solid         

,receptacles ( ,plants4 ,:]e we are to  
consid] _! sev]al ,k9ds2 z ,mell[1 ,s&y1
 ,clayie1 ,*alky1 & o!rs4 ,_! ,+r$i5ts2 
z ,rank & ,mell[ ,e>?1 ) ,s&1 or )      
,clay2 or ,s& ) ,clay2 or altoge!r2 & 9 
:at ,proportions4 ,! ,pr9ciples :]e9to  
any "o ( ^! ,+r$i5ts1 sep>at$ f ! re/1 &
 put to ! ,te/ ( ,di/illation1 ,u/ion1  
,calc9ation1 or o!r1 ei!r alone1 or by  
mixture ) o!r ,bodies1 may be ,resolv$4 
,& by _! ,qualities1 z ,col\r1 ,smell1  
,ta/e1 c4 bo? ,+r$i5ts & ,pr9ciples to  
be exam9$4 ,to make tryal ( ! gr[? (    
,plants1 9 all k9ds ( simple ,soils2    
ei!r ,e>?y or ,m9]al1 z ,clay1 ,m>l1    
,ok]1 ,full]s ,e>?1 ,bole ,arm5iac1     
,vitriol1 ,allum1 c4 or ,vegetable1 z   
,rott5 ,wood1 ,brans1 ,/>*1 or ,fl[]1 c4
 or ,animal1 z ,dungs1 p\nd$ ,fle%1 dri$
 & p[d]$ ,blood1 & ! l2 t x may appe>1  
h[ f> any ( ^! may contribute to ! gr[? 
( a ,plant2 or to "o1 above ano!r4  #ei4
 4 ,next ( ! ,wat]1 & ( all ,liquid     
,receptacles4 ,:]e ! sev]al k9ds (      
,wat]1 f ,wells1 ,spr+s1 ,ra91 & ,riv]s 

are1 by _! ,qualities & ,faculties1 to  
be exam9$2 z ^!1 & by ^!1 _! ,pr9ciples1
 ei!r 9 _! ,natural ,/ate1 or ^u        
,dige/ion1 or o!rwise1 may be obs]vable3
 s9ce ,common ,wat] x self1 is und\bt$ly
 comp\nd$ ( sev]al ,pr9ciples2 !        
simplicity !re(1 n be+ argu$1 f its     
,cle>ness & ,transp>5cy2 = a ,solution (
 ,alum1 ?\gh x conta9e? a consid]able   
quantity ( ,e>?1 is yet v ,cle>3 nor f  
its seem+ to h nei!r ,smell nor ,ta/e2 =
 ,wat]-dr9k]s w tell y ( ! v>ieties (   
bo? 9 diff]5t ,wat]s4 ,besides1 if ^!   
,qualities %\ld be acc\nt$ r ,phansie1  
?an ,s5se2 ! diff]5ce ( ,wat]s is yet m 
manife/1 f _! diff]5t ,effects1 obs]v$  
by ,cooks1 ,laundresses1 ,brew]s1 &     
o!rs1 t h occasion to use !m3 = n to mix
 ) ,sope1 )\t curdl+2 n to boil ,meat   
t5d]1 or )\t col\r+ x r$2 & ! l1 are !  
vices ( "s ,wat]s1 n ( o!rs1 :i* yet    
w\ld seem1 9 ,col\r1 ,ta/e1 & ,smell1 to
 be ! same4 ,tryal %\ld also be made ( !
 gr[? ( ,plants 9 all k9ds ( ,liquid    
,receptacles1 z ,common ,wat]1 ,sn[     

,wat]1 ,sea ,wat]1 ,ur9e1 ,milk1 ,:ey1  
,w9e1 ,oyl1 ,ink1 c4 ,or any ( ^!1 ) a  
solution ( ,salt1 ,nitre1 ,sal prunell1 
,sope1 or o!r body4 ,& h]eby to obs]ve  
:at foll[s1 ei!r 9 ! ,liquor1 or 9 !    
,plant x self3 z if any fix$ ,body1 be+ 
weigh$ be=e its dissolution 9 ,wat]2 &  
if ! ,plant1 set h]e91 gr[e?2 ! ,wat]1  
be+ !n evaporat$2 :e!r ! quantity ( t   
dissolv$ body1 cont9ue ! same1 or is    
less5$4 ,s1 :e!r any ,vegetable w become
 ,opiate1 by gr[+ a consid]able "t 9 a  
pla9 ,solution or ,wat]-t9cture (       
,opium2 & ! l4 ,:i* ,exp]im5ts1 :at ev5t
 soev] !y h1 yet at lea/1 = our fur!r   
in/ruction 9 ! ,nature ( ,vegetation1   
may be ( use4  #fj4 4 ,next ( ,a]1 :]e x
 w be requisite to inquire1 :at sort (  
,bodies may be h]e9 conta9$3 ,x be+     
probable1 f ! v>iety ( ,meteors =m$     
h]e92 & ( ,vap\rs & ,exhalations        
cont9ually advanc$ h]e9to2 t "s or o!r (
 !m1 may be> an ,analogy1 to all        
,volatile ,bodys1 :e!r ,animal1         
,vegetable1 or ,m9]al4 ,! fl\ri%+s also 

( ,froz5 ,dew2 & ! ,gre5 ,col\r1 :i* !  
,a] gives ! ,gr\nd or ,wat]1 :51 = "s "t
 expos$ to x2 & o!r effects2 seem to    
argue1 t x is ,impregnat$ ) ,vegetable  
,pr9ciples4 ,to consid] also ! peculi>  
,nature ( t ,body1 :i* is /rictly call$1
 ,a]1 ,& ( t true ,a]ial ,salt1 :i* to  
me1 seeme? probable1 t x is dissolv$ 9 !
 !r1 z o!r ,salts are 9 ,wat]1 or 9 !   
,vapor\s p>ts ( ! ,a]4 ,z also to try1  
:at diff]5t ,effects1 a div]sity ( ,a]  
may h ^u a ,vegetable2 z by sett+ a     
,plant1 or ,se$1 ei!r exce$+ ,l[1 z at !
 bottom ( a deep ,well2 or exce$+ ,high1
 z on ! top ( a ,/eeple4 ,or else by    
expos+ "s ,soil to ! ,a]1 :i* is        
assur$ly free f any ,se$1 & s1 z no ,se$
 c light ^u x2 & to obs]ve1 :e!r ! ,a]  
ha? a p[] ( produc+ a ,vegetable !re91  
or n3 & ! l4  #fa4 4 ,la/ly ( ! ,sun2 z 
to :i*1 x may be consid]$1 ,:at         
,influ5ce x may h ^u ! ,plant x self2 ^u
 ! ,soil2 ,or ^u ! ,a]4 ,:e!r t         
,influ5ce is any ?+ else besides ,heat3 
or may diff] f t ( a ,fire1 o!rwise1 ?an

 by be+ ,temp]ate1 & m ,equal4 ,t x do?1
 seems evid5t f an ,exp]im5t sometime   
s9ce giv5 u1 9 "o ( ! ,p>isian ,j\rnals 
des ,scavans1 & :i* ,i !re=e ?9k v      
applicable to our pres5t purpose4 ,if y 
hold a ,concave at a due di/ance1 aga9/ 
a ,fire1 x w collect & ca/ ! ,heat into 
a burn+ ,focus3 b if y put a piece (    
pla9 ,glass betwe5 !m1 ! ,glass w scatt]
 ! ,heat1 & de/roy ! ,focus4 ,:]eas !   
,sun-,beams1 be+ ga!r$ 9 l mann]1 w pass
 ?r\gh ! int]pos$ ,glass1 & ma9ta9 _!   
,focus4 ,z = ,t1 ( ! ,collection ( !    
,sun-beams1 by ! help ( ,glasses1 9 ! =m
 ( a ,magi/]y1 or ( ,fl[]s1 & su* l1 ,i 
desire to susp5d my ?\ghts ( !m1 till ,i
 see !m4 ,i w only say ?us mu* fur!r at 
pres5t1 ,t ,i d n und]/& :y ! ,sun %\ld 
n h "s ,influ5ce ^u ,bodies1 besides by 
,heat1 if x may be grant$1 ,t ! ,moon   
ha?2 = :i*1 x %\ld seem1 !re are "s good
 ,argum5ts4  #fb4 4 ,,we ,,h ?us f>     
exam9$ ! ,pr9ciples necess>y to         
,vegetation4  ,a ,six? ,g5]al ,mean4    
,only h9t$4  ,! ,"q may be put once m1  

,9 :at mann] are ^! ,pr9ciples s adapt$1
 z to become capable ( be+ assembl$     
toge!r1 9 su* a ,numb]1 ,conjugation1   
,proportion1 & ,union1 z to make a      
,vegetable ,body8 ,= ! compreh5sion     
:]e(1 we mu/ also "k1 ,:at are !        
,pr9ciples ( ^! ,pr9ciples4 ,:i*1 al?\gh
 !y lie 9 s great an abyss ( obscurity2 
yet1 ,i ?9k1 ,i h "s reason to believe1 
t !y are n altoge!r undiscov]able4 ,h[  
f> !y may be s1 ,i am s f> f ,det]m9+1 t
 ,i %all n n[ ,conjecture4    ,!        
,conclusion4  #fc4 4 ,,?is is ! ,design1
 & ^! ! ,means ,i propose 9 ord]        
!reunto4 ,to :i*1 ,i suppose1 !y may all
 appe> to be necess>y4 ,= :at we obta9 (
 ,nature1 we mu/ n d x by comm&+1 b by  
c\rt+ ( ,h]4 ,^? t woo ,h]1 may possibly
 h h] = _! ,wife2 b ,%e is n s common1 z
 to pro/itute h] self to ! be/ behav$   
,wit1 :i* only practise? ^u x self1 & is
 n appli$ to h]4 ,i mean1 t :]e ev] ,m5 
w g beyond ,phansie & ,imag9ation1      
dep5d+ ^u ! ,conduct ( ,div9e ,wisdom1  
!y mu/ ,lab\r1 ,hope & ,p]sev]e4 ,& z ! 

,means prop\nd$1 are all necess>y1 s !y 
may1 9 "s measure1 prove effectual4 ,h[ 
f>1 ,i promise n2 ! ,way is long & d>k3 
& z ,travell]s sometimes among/         
,m\nta9s1 by ga9+ ! top ( "o1 are s f> f
 _! ,j\rneys end2 t !y only come to see 
ano!r lies be=e !m3 s ! ,way ( ,nature1 
is s imp]vi\s1 &1 z ,i may say1 d[n     
,hill & up ,hill1 t h[ f> soev] we g1   
yet ! surm\nt+ ( "o difficulty1 is wont 
/ill to give u ! prospect ( ano!r4 ,we  
may !re=e believe1 our atta9m5ts w be   
imp]fect1 aft] we h done all3 b because 
we _c atta9 to all1 t !re=e we %\ld     
endeav\r aft] no?+2 is an ,inf]5ce1 :i* 
looks s mu* awry f ! ,practical ,s5se ( 
,m51 t x ought n to be answ]$4 ,nor )   
bett] ,reason1 may we g ab\t det]m9+1   
:at may be done4 ,! greate/ ,designs t  
any ,m5 und]take1 are ( ! greate/       
unc]ta9ty1 z to _! ,success3 :i* if !y  
appe> to be ( good ,import1 ?\gh we "k n
 h[ f> !y are atta9able1 we are to      
prop\nd ! ,means1 9 ! utmo/ use :]e(    
only1 we c be able to judge3 ,a ,w> is n

 to be quitt$1 = ! haz>ds :i* att5d x2  
nor ! ,c\ncils ( ,pr9ces brok5 up1      
because ^? t sit at !m1 h n ! ,_s (     
,prophecy1 z well z ( ,wisdom4 ,to      
conclude1 ,if b little %\ld be effect$1 
yet to design m1 c d u no h>m3 ,= al?\gh
 a ,man %all nev] be able to hit ,/>s by
 %oot+ at !m2 yet he %all come mu* ne>] 
to !m1 ?an ano!r t ?r[s at ,apples4     
,,f9is4                                 
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,plants1                               
,,begun4                                
,,) ,a                                  
,g5]al ,acc\nt                          
,,(                                     
,,vegetation1                           
,gr\nd$ !reupon4                        
,! ,,fir/ ,,book4                       
,pres5t$ 9 ,manuscript to ! ,,royal     
,,society1                ,sometime be=e
 ! #aa4 ( ,may1 #afga4       ,& aft]w>ds
 9 ,pr9t1 ,decemb] #g4 ( ! same ,ye>    

#afga4                    ,by ,,nehemjah
 ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[ ( !               
,royal ,society1 & ( ! ,college (       
,physicians4                            
,! ,second ,edition4                    
,,london1                      ,pr9t$ by
 ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                    
,,to ,,!                                
,,"r ,,hon\rable                        
,,william                          ,"l  
,vi-,c\nt ,br\nck]1                     
,,!                                     
,,presid5t1                             
,& to !                                 
,c\ncil & ,fell[s                       
,,( ,,!                                 
,,royal ,,society1                      
,! foll[+                               
,,anatomy                               
,is mo/ ,,humbly                        
,,pres5t$                               
,by ! ,,au?or                           
,,nehemjah ,,grew4                      
,illu/ration                            
,,to ,,!                                

,"r ,rev]5d                             
,,john                               ,"l
 ,bi%op (                               
,,*e/]4       ,,my ,,"l1  ,i ,hope y\r  
p>don1 if :ile y are hold+ ,t be/ (     
,books 9 "o ,h&1 ,i "h pres5t "s ,pages 
( t ( ,nature into y\r o!r3 ,especially 
s9ce ,y\r ,lord%ip kn[e? v well1 h[     
excell5t a ,comm5t>y ,?is is on ! ,=m]2 
by :i*1 9 "p1 ,,god reads ! ,_w 8 own   
,def9ition1 & _! ,duty to him4  ,b if   
?is ,address1 my ,"l1 may be ?\ght      
congru\s1 'tis yet m j2 & t ,i %\ld let 
,y\r ,lord%ip1 & o!rs "k1 h[ mu*1 & h[  
des]v$ly1 ,i res5t ,y\r extraord9>y     
,fav\rs4 ,p>ticul>ly1 t y 7 pleas$1 s f>
 to animate my ,endeav\rs1 t[>ds !      
,publi%+ ! foll[+ ,obs]vations4 ,_m     
:]e(1 & mo/ belong+ to ! ,fir/ ,*apt]1  
hav+ n[ la9 dormant1 ne> sev5 ye>s2 &   
might /ill1 p]haps1 h s cont9u$1 _h n   
,y\r ,lord%ips ,eye1 at l5g?1 creat$    
,light ^u !m4 ,9 do+ :i*1 ,y h giv5 "o1 
among/ ^? _m ,tok5s1 ( z well ,y\r      
read9ess to promote ,le>n+ & ,k by ! h&s

 ( o!rs2 z ,y\r high ,abilities to d x  
by ,y\r ,own3 ,bo? :i*1 are s manife/ 9 
,y\r ,lord%ip1 t1 l ! fir/ ,pr9ciples ( 
,ma!matical ,sci5ce1 !y are n s mu* to  
be ass]t$1 because kn[n & grant$ by all4
  ,! ,consid]ation :]e(1 my ,"l1 may    
make me n only ,j1 9 own+ ( y\r ,fav\rs2
 b also mo/ ,ambiti\s ( y\r ,patronage3 
,:i* yet1 to bespeak1 ,i mu/ confess1 ,i
 _c well4 ,n t ,i ?9k1 :at is ,good &   
,valuable1 is always its own be/        
,advocate3 = ,i "k1 t ! ,c5sures ( ,m51 
are humor\s1 & v>iable2 & t "o ,age1 mu/
 h leave to fr[n on ^? ,books1 :i*      
ano!r1 w d no?+ less ?an kiss & embrace4
 ,b1 *iefly1 = ?is ,reason1 ,le/ ,i %\ld
 s mu* z seem desir\s1 ( ,y\r ,lord%ips 
,sollicit+ my ,cause1 z to all ,i h     
said4 ,= z x is y\r ,glory1 t y l n s to
 %9e1 z to put out ! lea/ ,/>2 s 7 x to 
,y\r ,di%on\r1 to borr[ ,y\r ,"n1 to    
illu/rate ! ,spots1 ?\gh ( ! mo/        
conspicu\s4 ,i am1                      
,my ,"l1                                
,y\r ,lord%ips                          

,mo/ ,oblig$1                           
,&                            ,mo/      
,humble ,s]vant                         
,,nehemjah ,,grew4    ,cov5try1   ,june 
#aj4 #afga4                             
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts4                              
,,*ap4 ,i4                  ,( ! ,se$ 9 
its ,/ate ( ,vegetation4  ,,! ,me?od    
prop\nd$1 4 #a4 ,! ,g>d5-,bean1         
dissect$1 #b4 ,! two ,coats ,describ$1  
#c1 #d4 ,! ,=am5 9 ! out] ,coat1 #e1 #f4
 ,:at g5]ally obs]vable ( ! ,cov]s ( !  
,se$1 #g4 ,! ,organical ,p>ts ( ! ,se$1 
#h4 ,! ,ma9 ,body1 #i1 #aj4 ,! ,radicle 
9 ! ,bean1 #aa4 ,9 o!r ,se$s1 #ab4 ,!   
,plume1 #ac1 #ad4 ,! ,simil>y ,p>ts1    
#ae4 ,! ,cuticle1 #af1 #ag4 ,! ,p>5*yma1
 #ah1 #ai1 #bj4 ,! ,inn] ,body1 #ba1 to 
#bi4 ,no solid ,acc\nt yet giv51 (      
,vegetation1 #cj4 ,! ,coats h[ 9 common 
subs]vi5t to ! ,vegetation ( ! ,se$1    
#ca4 ,! ,=am51 ( :at use h]e91 #cb4 ,!  
use ( ! ,inn] ,coat1 #cc4 ,( ! ,cuticle1
 #cd4 ,( ! ,p>5*yma1 #ce4 ,( ! ,sem9al  

,root1 #cf4 ,h[ ! ,radicle fir/ becomes 
a ,root1 #cg4 ,by :at means1 ! ,plume   
all ?is :ile pres]v$1 #ch4 ,h[ aft] !   
,root ! ,plume vegetates1 #ci4 ,h[ !    
,lobes1 #dj4 ,b n 9 all ,se$s1 #da4 ,t  
!y d 9 mo/1 demon/rat$1 #db1 #dc1 #dd4  
,:at h5ce resolvable1 #de4 ,! use ( !   
,dissimil> ,leaves1 #df1 to ! end4      
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                            
,( ! ,root4  ,t,his also to be          
,dissect$1 4 #a4 ,! ,sk9 h]e(1 its      
,orig9al1 #b4 ,! ,cortical ,body1 its   
,orig9al1 #c4 ,texture1 #d4 ,pores1 #e4 
,proportions1 #f4 ,! ,lign\s ,body1 its 
,orig9al1 #g4 ,texture1 #h4             
,proportions1 #i4 ,! ,ins]tm5t1 its     
,orig9al1 #aj4 ,pores1 #aa4 ,numb] &    
,size1 #ab4 ,a full] description h]e(1 )
 t ( ! ,osculations ( ! ,lign\s ,body1  
#ac1 #ad1 #ae4 ,! ,pi?1 its orig9al     
sometimes f ! ,se$1 #af4 ,sometimes f ! 
,b>que1 #ag4 ,its ,pores1 #ah1 #ai4     
,proportions1 #bj4 ,fibres ( ! ,lign\s  
,body !re91 #ba4 ,! ,pi? ( ^? ,fibres1  
#bb4 ,h[ ! ,root gr[s1 & ! use ( ! ,sk91

 ,cortical & ,lign\s ,body !reto1 #bc4  
,h[ x gr[e? 9 l5g?1 #bd4 ,by :at means x
 desc5ds1 #be4 ,h[ x gr[s 9 bread?1 #bf4
 ,& ! ,pi?1 h[ ?us fram$1 #bg4 ,! use ( 
! ,pi?1 #bg4 ,( ! ,ins]tm5t1 #bh4 ,!    
joynt s]vice ( all ! ,p>ts1 #bi1 #cj1   
#ca4                                    
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                           
,( ! ,trunk4  ,,! ,co>cture1 4 #a4 ,!   
,sk91 its orig9al1 #b4 ,! orig9al ( !   
,cortical ,body1 #c4 ,( ! ,lign\s1 #d4  
,( ! ,ins]tm5t & ,pi?1 #e4 ,!           
,latitud9al ,%oot+ ( ! ,lign\s ,body1   
:]e9 obs]vable1 #f1 #g4 ,! ,pores ( !   
,lign\s ,body1 :]e & h[ mo/ rem>kable1  
#h4 ,a less] sort ( ,pores1 #i4 ,a ?ird 
sort only visible ?r\gh a ,microscope4  
,obs]v$ 9 ,wood or ,*>coal1 #aj4 ,obs]v$
 9 ! ,fibres ( ! ,trunks ( ,h]bs1 #aa4  
,! ,ins]tions1 :]e m visible1 #ab1 #ac4 
,_! ,weftage ) ! ,lign\s ,body1 #ad4 ,! 
small] ,ins]tions1 only visible ?r\gh a 
,microscope1 #ae4 ,no ,valves 9 a       
,plant1 #af4 ,! ,ranks ( ! ,pores ( !   
,ins]tions1 #ag4 ,! ,pores ( ! ,pi?1    

#ah1 #ai1 #bj4 ,h[ ! ,trunk asc5ds1 #ba4
 ,! disposition ( its ,p>ts consequ5t to
 t ,asc5t1 #bb4 ,consequ5t to ! diff]5t 
,nature ( ! ,sap1 #bc4 ,! effects ( !   
said ,diff]5ces1 #bd1 to #bh4 ,:i* way1 
& h[ ! ,sap asc5ds1 #bi1 to ! end4      
,! ,app5dix4                       ,(   
,trunk-,roots & ,clasp]s4  ,trunk-,roots
 ( two k9ds1 4 #a1 #b4 ,clasp]s ( "o    
k9d1 #c4 ,! ,uses ( bo?1 #d1 to ! end4  
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                       ,( ! 
,bud1 ,bran*1 & ,leaf4  ,,! ,p>ts ( !   
,g]m5 & ,bran* ! same ) ^? ( ! ,trunk1 4
 #a1 #b4 ,! mann] ( _! gr[?1 #c4 ,h[    
n\ri%$1 #d4 ,& ! use ( ,knots1 #e4 ,h[  
secur'd1 #f4 ,! ,p>ts ( a ,leaf1 #g4 ,! 
,positions ( ! ,fibres ( ! ,/alks (     
,leaves1 #h4 ,= :at ,uses1 #i1 #aj4 ,!  
visible cause ( ! diff]5t circumf]5ce ( 
,leaves1 #aa4 ,& ( _! be+ flat1 #ab4 ,& 
filam5t\s1 #ac4 ,! ,f\lds ( ,leaves1 _! 
,k9ds & ,use1 #ad1 #ae1 #af4 ,!         
,protections ( ,leaves1 #ag4 ,! use ( ! 
,leaf1 #ah1 to ! end4                   
,! ,app5dix4                      ,(    

,?orns1 ,hairs & ,globulets4  ,?orns (  
two ,k9ds2 ! ,lign\s1 4 #a4 ,!          
,cortical1 #b4 ,an argum5t ( !          
,magnetick ,desc5t ( ! ,cortical ,body1 
#c4 ,hairs ( div]s ,k9ds1 #d1 #e4 ,_!   
,use1 #f4 ,globulets ( two ,k9ds1 #g1   
#h4                                     
,,*ap4 ,v4                              
,( ! ,fl[]4  ,i,ts ?ree ,p>ts1 4 #a4 ,! 
,impalem5t1 ( div]s k9ds1 #b4 ,_! use1  
#c1 #d4 ,! ,foliation1 its nature1 #e4  
,f\lds1 #f4 ,protections1 #g4 ,d[ns1 #h1
 #i4 ,globulets1 #aj4 ,its ,use1 #aa1   
#ab4 ,! ,attire ( two k9ds4 ,!          
,description ( ! fir/1 #ac1 #ad1 #ae1   
#af4 ,( ! o!r1 #ag1 #ah1 #ai1 #bj1 #ba4 
,_! use1 #bb1 to ! end4                 
,,*ap4 ,,vi4                            
,( ! ,fruit4  ,,! ,vital ,p>ts ( all1 ! 
same1 4 #a4 ,! ,numb]1 ,description1 &  
,orig9al ( ! ,p>ts ( an ,apple1 #b4 ,( a
 ,pe>1 #c1 #d4 ,( a ,plum1 #e1 #f1 #g4  
,( a ,nut1 #h4 ,( a ,b]ry1 #i4 ,! use ( 
! ,fruit1 #aj1 to ! end4                
,,*ap4 ,,vii4                  ,( ! ,se$

 9 its ,/ate ( ,g5]ation4  ,w,hat "h    
fur!r obs]v$1 n 9 ! ,fir/ ,*apt]1 4 #a4 
,! ,case1 its ,figures1 #b4 ,! out]     
,coat1 its ,figures1 #c4 ,v>i\s         
,surface1 #d4 ,& ,mucilages1 #e4 ,!     
nature ( ! out] ,coat1 #f4 ,its         
,ap]tures1 #g4 ,next to :i* ! ,radicle  
usually plac$1 #h4 ,! ,orig9al ( ! ,out]
 ,coat1 #i4 ,! ,orig9al ( ! ,inn]1 #aj4 
,its ,nature1 #aa1 #ab4 ,! ,ess5tial    
,p>ts ( a ,plant1 #ac1 #ad4 ,!          
,second9e1 #ae4 ,! ,colliquam5tum h]e91 
#af4 ,! ,navel ,fibres1 #ag4 ,9 !       
,g5]ation ( ! ,se$1 ! ,sap fir/ prep>$ 9
 ! ,se$-,bran*1 #ah1 #ai4 ,next 9 ! inn]
 ,coat1 #bj4 ,) ! help ( ! ,out]1 #ba1  
#bb4 ,! use ( ! ,second9e1 #bc4 ,( !    
,ramulets ( ! ,se$-,bran*1 #bd4 ,( _!   
,inosculation1 #be4 ,h[ ! ,colliquam5tum
 become? a ,p>5*yma1 #bf1 to ! end4     
,illu/ration                            
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,plants1                               

,,begun4                   ,) a ,g5]al  
,acc\nt ( ,vegetation1                  
,f\nd$ !reupon4                         
,,*ap4 ,i4                  ,( ! ,se$ 9 
its ,/ate ( ,vegetation4   ,,be+ to     
speak ( ,plants2 &1 z f> z ,inspection1 
& consequ5t ,reason1 may conduct1 to    
enquire into ! visible ,con/itutions1 & 
,uses ( _! sev]al ,p>ts3 ,i *oose t     
,me?od1 :i*1 to ! be/ advantage1 may    
suit ) :at we h to say h]eon4 ,& t is ! 
,me?od ( ,nature h] self1 9 h] cont9u$  
,s]ies ( ,vegetations2 proce$+ f ! ,se$ 
s[n1 to ! =mation ( ! ,root1 ,trunk1    
,bran*1 ,leaf1 ,fl[]1 ,fruit1 & la/ (   
all1 ( ! ,se$ also to be s[n aga92 all  
:i*1 we %all1 9 ! same ord]1 p>ticul>ly 
speak (4  #b4 4 ,! ,ess5tial            
,con/itutions ( ! said ,p>ts are 9 all  
,plants ! same3 ,b = ,obs]vation1 "s are
 m conv5i5t2 9 :i* ,i %all *iefly       
in/ance4 ,& fir/ ( all1 = ! ,se$1 we    
*oose ! great ,g>d5-,bean4  #c4 4 ,if !n
 we take a ,bean & dissect x1 we %all   
f9d x cloa!d ) a d\bl$ ,ve/ or ,coat4   

,^! ,coats1 :ile ! ,bean is yet gre51   
are sep>able1 & easily di/+ui%$4 ,or 9  
an old "o1 aft] x ha? lay'n two or ?ree 
days 9 a mell[ ,soil2 or be5 soak$ z    
long a "t 9 ,wat]3 z 9 ,tab4 #a4  ,tab4 
#a4 f4 #b4  ,:5 'tis dry1 !y cleave s   
closely toge!r1 t ! ,eye n be=e         
in/ruct$1 w judge !m b "o2 ! inn] ,coat 
7:i* is ( ! mo/ r>e contexture7 s f>    
%r9k+ up1 z to seem only ! r\ghness ( ! 
out]1 some:at resembl+ ,waf]s "u        
,maqu>oons4  #d4 4 ,! ,inn] ,coat1 9 its
 ,natural ,/ate1 is e :]e twice1 & 9 "s 
places1 ?rice z ?ick1 z ! ,out]4 ,next  
to ! ,radicle1 :i* ,i %all pres5tly     
describe1 x is six or sev5 times ?ick]2 
& encompasses ! ,radicle r\nd ab\t1 z 9 
! same ,figure appe>s4  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #b4
   #e4 4 ,at ! ?ick] end ( ! ,bean1 9 ! 
out] ,coat1 a v small ,=am5 pres5ts x   
self1 ev5 to ! b>e ,eye4 ,9 ,dissection 
'tis f\nd to t]m9ate aga9/ ! po9t ( t   
,"p :i* ,i call ! ,radicle4  ,tab4 #a4  
f4 #a-b4  ,x is ( t capacity1 z to admit
 a small ,virg9al ,wy]2 & is mo/ ( all  

conspicu\s 9 a gre5 ,bean4 ,especially1 
if a little magnifi$ ) a good           
,spectacle-,glass4 ,?is ,=am5 is n a    
hole casually made1 or by ! break+ (f ( 
! ,/alk2 b design$ly =m$1 = ! uses      
h]eaft] m5tion$4 ,x may be obs]v$ n only
 9 ! great ,g>d5-,bean1 b likewise 9 !  
o!r k9ds2 9 ! ,fr5*-,bean v pla9ly2 9   
,pease1 ,lup9es1 ,vet*es1 ,l5tiles1 &   
o!r ,pulse 'tis also f\nd2 & 9 _m ,se$s 
n reckon$ ( ?is k9dr$1 z 9 t (          
,fnugreek1 ,m$ica ,tornata1 ,goats-,rue1
 & o!rs3 ,9 _m ( :i*1 'tis s v small1 z 
sc>cely1 )\t ! help ( ,glasses to be    
discov]$2 & 9 "s1 n )\t cutt+ (f "p ( ! 
,se$1 :i* o!rwise w\ld int]cept ! light 
h]e(4  #f4 4 ,t ?is ,=am5 is truly      
p]meable1 ev5 9 old ,sett+-,beans1 & !  
o!r ,se$s above nam$1 appe>s ^u _! be+  
soak$ = "s "t 9 ,wat]4 ,= !n1 tak+ !m   
out1 & cru%+ !m a little1 _m small      
bubles w alt]nately arise & break ^u x4 
#g4 4 ,( all ,se$s :i* h ?ick or h>d    
,cov]s1 x is also obs]vable1 ,t !y h !  
same likewise ,p]=at$1 z above said1 or 

9 "s o!r mann]4 ,& accord+ly1 al?\gh !  
,coats ( su* ,se$s z are lodg'd 9 ,%ells
 or ,/ones1 be+ ?91 are n visibly       
p]=at$2 yet ! ,/ones & ,%ells !mselves  
always are2 z 9 ,*ap4 #g4 %all be se5   
h[4 ,to :i* ,*apt]1 :at is f>!r         
obs]vable1 ei!r z to ! nature & numb] ( 
! ,cov]s ( ! ,se$1 ,i also ref]4  #h4 4 
,! ,coats ( ! ,bean be+ /ripp'd (f1 !   
prop] ,se$ %ews x self2 ,! p>ts :]e( x  
is compos$1 are ?ree2 sc4 ! ,ma9 ,body1 
& two m1 app5dant to x2 :i* we may call 
! ,?ree ,organical ,p>ts ( ! ,bean4  #i4
 4 ,! ,ma9 ,body is n "o entire piece1 b
 always divid$1 l5g?wise1 into two      
halves or ,lobes1 :i* are bo? joyn'd    
toge!r at ! ,basis ( ! ,bean4 ,^! ,lobes
 9 dry ,beans1 are b difficultly sep>at$
 or obs]v'd2  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #b1 #c4  b 9 
"y ones1 especially boil'd1 !y easily   
slip asund]4  #aj4 4 ,"s v few ,se$s are
 divid$1 n into two ,lobes1 b into m2 z 
t ( ,cresses into ,six4  ,tab4 #a4 f4   
#d4 f4 #e4  ,& "s are n at all divid$1 b
 entire2 z ! ,gra9s ( ,corn4 ,except+   

:i* few1 all o!r ,se$s1 ev5 ! smalle/1  
are divid$1 l z ! ,bean1 into j two     
,lobes4 ,:]e(1 ?\gh 9 mo/ ,se$s1 because
 ( _! m9ut5ess1 we _c by dissection be  
in=m'd2 yet o!rwise1 we easily may1 z 9 
?is ,*apt] %all be se54  #aa4 4 ,at !   
,basis ( ! ,bean1 ! two o!r ,organical  
,p>ts /& app5d5t2 by m$iation :]e(1 !   
two ,lobes meet & jo9 toge!r4 ,! great] 
( ^! two ,p>ts /&s )\t ! two ,lobes1 &  
^u dive/+ ! ,bean ( its ,coats1 is      
imm$iately visible4  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #b4   
#c a  ',tis ( a :ite col\r1 & m glossie 
?an ! ,ma9 ,body1 especially :5 ! ,bean 
is "y4 ,9 ! ,bean1 & _m o!r ,se$s1 'tis 
situat$ some:at above ! ?ick] end1 z y  
hold ! ,bean 9 its mo/ prop] po/ure =   
gr[?4 ,9 ,oak-,k]nels1 :i* we call      
,acorns1 ,apple-,k]nels1 ,almonds1 & _m 
o!r ,se$s1 x /&s prom95t j f ! end2     
,tab4 #a4 f4 #f c4  ! ,basis & ! ,end   
be+ 9 ^! ! same1 b 9 ! ,bean div]s4  #ab
 4 ,?is ,"p is f\nd n only 9 ! ,bean1 & 
! ,se$s above m5tion$2 b 9 all o!rs3 be+
 t1 :i* ^u ! ,vegetation ( ! ,se$1      

becomes ! ,root ( ! ,plant2 :i* !re=e   
may be call$ ! ,radicle3 by :i*1 ,i mean
 ! ,mat]ials1 abat+ ! ,=mality1 ( a     
,root4 ,9 ,corn1 x is t ,"p1 :i*        
,mal/]s1 ^u its %oot+ =?1 call ! ,come4 
',tis n easie to be obs]v$1 sav+ 9 "s   
few ,se$s1 among/ :i*1 t ( ! ,bean is ! 
mo/ fair & ample ( all ,i h se54 ,b t ( 
"s o!r ,se$s1 is1 9 proportion1 great]2 
,tab4 #a4 f4 #g e4  z ( ,fnugreek1 :i*  
is full z big z "o ( its ,lobes4  #ac4 4
 ,! less] ( ! two said ,app5d5ts lies   
occult betwe5 ! two ,lobes ( ! ,bean1 by
 sep>ation :]e( only x is to be se54    
',tis enclos'd 9 two small ,cavities1   
=m'd 9 ! ,lobes = its reception4  ,tab4 
#a4 f4 #c b4  ,its col\r comes ne> to t 
( ! ,radicle2 & x is f\nd$ ^u ! ,basis  
!re(1 hav+ a q contr>y production1 sc4  
t[>ds ! ,cone ( ! ,bean2 z be+ t v ,"p1 
:i*1 9 process1 becomes ! ,body or      
,trunk1 ( ! ,plant4 ,9 ,corn1 x is t    
,"p1 :i* aft] ! ,radicle is spr\t$ =?1  
or come1 %oots t[>ds ! small] end ( !   
,gra92 & by _m ,mal/]s1 is call$ !      

,acrospire4  #ad4 4 ,?is ,"p is n1 l !  
,radicle1 an entire ,body1 b divid$1 at 
its loose end1 into div]s pieces1 all v 
closely c\*$ toge!r1 z ,fea!rs 9 a      
,bun*2 = :i* reason x may be call$ !    
,plume4 ,!y are s close1 t only two or  
?ree ( ! outmo/ are at fir/ se53 b ^u a 
nice & curi\s sep>ation ( ^!1 ! m       
int]i\r /ill may be discov]$4 ,9 !      
,bean1 ?is may be done3 b 9 v few o!r   
,se$s2 because ( ! extreme smallness ( !
 ,plume4 ,n[ z ! ,plume is t ,"p :i*    
becomes ! ,trunk ( ! ,plant1 s ^! pieces
 are s _m true1 & already =m$1 ?\gh n   
display'd ,leaves1 int5d$ = ! said      
,trunk1 & f\ld$ up 9 ! same plicature1  
:]e9 ^u ! spr\t+ ( ! ,bean1 !y aft]w>ds 
appe>4 ,9 a ,fr5* ,bean1 & especially 9 
! l>g] :ite ,k9d1 or 9 ! great ,indian  
,phaseolus1 ! two outmo/ are v fair &   
elegant4  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #h b4  ,9 ! great
 ,g>d5-,bean two extraord9>y small      
,plumes (t51 if n always1 /& "o on ei!r 
side ! great "o n[ describ'd3 ,f :i*1 9 
t !y diff] 9 no?+ save 9 _! size1 ,i    

!re=e only "h j take notice ( !m4 ,& ^! 
?ree ,p>ts1 sc4 ! ,ma9 ,body1 !         
,radicle1 & ! ,plume1 are concurr5t to !
 mak+ up ( a ,se$2 & no m ?an ^!4  #ae4 
4 ,hav+ ?us tak5 a view ( ! ,organical  
,p>ts ( ! ,bean1 & o!r ,se$s2 let u next
 exam9e ! ,simil>y1 sc4 ^? :]e( !       
,organical are compos'd3 a di/9ct       
obs]vation ( :i*1 = a cle> und]/&+ ( !  
,vegetation ( ! ,se$1 & ( ! :ole ,plant 
aris+ !nce is requisite3 ,to obta9 :i*1 
we mu/ proce$ 9 our ,anatomy4  #af4 4   
,dissect+ a ,bean !n1 ! fir/ ,"p occurr+
 is its ,cuticle4 ,! ,eye & fir/        
,?\ghts1 sugge/ x to be only a m d5se & 
glossy ,sup]ficies2 b bett] enquiry     
discov]s x a real ,cuticle4 ',tis s     
exquisitely ?91 & = ! mo/ "p1 s firmly  
cont9u\s ) ! ,body ( ! ,bean1 t x _c1   
except 9 "s small ,rag1 be di/9ctly se51
 :i*1 by c>ry+ y\r ,knife aslant into ! 
,bean1 & !n v g5tly be>+ upw>d :at y h  
cut1 w sep>ate1 & %ew x self transp>5t4 
,?is ,cuticle is n only spread ^u !     
,convex ( ! ,lobes1 b also on _! ,flats1

 :]e !y are contigu\s1 ext5d+ x self    
likewise ^u bo? ! ,radicle & ,plume1 & s
 ov] ! :ole ,bean4  #ag4 4 ,?is ,"p1    
?\gh x be s f> common ) ! ,coats ( !    
,bean1 z to be l ^?1 an ,integum5t2 yet 
are we 9 a q diff]5t ,notion to conceive
 ( x3 ,= :]eas ! ,coats1 ^u sett+ !     
,bean1 d only adm9i/] ! ,sap1 &1 z be+  
sup]s$$ f _! ,(fice1 !n die2 z %all be  
se53 ?is1 on ! contr>y1 ) ! ,organical  
,p>ts ( ! ,bean1 is n\ri%$1 augm5t$1 &  
by a real ,vegetation co-ext5d$4  #ah4 4
 ,next to ! ,cuticle1 we come to !      
,p>5*yma x self2 ! ,"p ?r\gh\t :i* !    
,inn] ,body1 :]e( we %all speak anon1 is
 dissem9at$2 = :i* reason ,i call x !   
,p>5*yma4 ,n t we are s meanly to       
conceive ( x1 z if 7accord+ to ! /rict] 
s5se ( t ^w17 x 7 a me] concret$ ,juyce4
 ,= x is a ,body v curi\sly organiz'd1  
consi/+ ( an inf9ite numb] ( extreme    
small ,bladd]s2 z 9 ,tab4 #a4 is app>5t4
  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #i4  ,! ,surface h]e( is 
some:at d5se1 b inw>dly1 'tis ( a lax]  
,contexture4 ,if y view x 9 a           

,microscope1 or ) a v good              
,spectacle-,glass1 x ha? "s similitude  
to ! ,pi?1 :ile sappy 9 ! ,roots &      
,trunks ( ,plants2 & t = good reason1 z 
9 ,*4 #b4 %all be se54 ,?is is be/ se5 9
 gre5 ,beans4  #ai4 4 ,?is ,"p w\ld seem
 by its col\r to be peculi> to ! ,lobes 
( ! ,bean2 b z is ! ,cuticle1 s is ?is  
also1 common bo? to ! ,radicle & ,plume2
 t is1 ! ,p>5*yma or ,pulp ( ! ,bean1 z 
to its ess5tial sub/ance1 is ! same 9   
all ?ree4 ,! reason :y ! col\r ( !      
,plume1 & especially ( ! ,radicle1 :i*  
are :ite1 is s diff]5t f t ( ! ,lobes1  
:i* are gre51 may *iefly dep5d ^u _! be+
 m compact & d5se1 & !nce _! diff]5t    
,t9ctures4 ,& !re=e ! ,lobes !mselves1  
:i* are gre5 :ile ! ,bean is "y2 yet :5 
x is old & dry1 become :iti% too4 ,& 9  
_m o!r ,se$s1 z ,acorns1 ,almonds1 !    
,k]nels ( ,apples1 ,plums1 ,nuts1 c4 !  
,lobes1 ev5 fre% & "y1 are pure :ite z !
 ,radicle x self4  #bj4 4 ,b al?\gh !   
,p>5*yma be common1 z is said1 to all ! 
,organical ,p>ts2 yet 9 v diff]+        

proportions4 ,9 ! ,plume1 :]e x is      
proportionably lea/1 x make? ab\t ?ree  
,fif?s ( ! :ole ,plume2 9 ! ,radicle1 x 
make? above five ,sev5?s ( ! :ole       
,radicle2 & 9 ea* ,lobe1 is s f>        
ov]-proportionate1 z to make at lea/ n9e
 ,t5?s ( ! :ole ,lobe4  #ba4 4 ,by :at  
ha? be5 said1 t ! ,p>5*yma or ,pulp is n
 ! only con/itut+ ,"p1 besides !        
,cuticle1 is imply'd3 !re be+ ano!r     
,body1 ( an ess5tially diff]5t sub/ance1
 embosom'd h]e93 :i* may be f\nd n only 
9 ! ,radicle & ,plume1 b also 9 ! ,lobes
 !mselves1 & s 9 ! :ole ,bean4  #bb4 4  
,?is ,inn] ,body appe>s v pla9 &        
conspicu\s 9 cutt+ ! ,radicle a?w>t1 & s
 proce$+ by degrees t[>ds ! ,plume1     
?r\gh bo? :i* x runne? 9 a l>ge & /rait 
,trunk4  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #aj1 #aa1  #ab4   
,9 ! ,lobes1 be+ x is !re 9 s v small   
proportion1 'tis difficultly se51       
especially t[>ds _! ,v]ges4 ,yet if ) a 
%>p ,knife y smoo?ly cut ! ,lobes ( !   
,bean a?w>t1 div]s small ,specks1  ,tab4
 #a4 f4 #ac4  ( a diff]5t col\r f t ( ! 

,p>5*yma1 /&+ !re9 all along 9 a ,l9e1  
may be obs]v'd2 :i* ,specks are !       
,t]m9ations ( ! ,bran*es ( ?is ,inn]    
,body4  #bc4 4 ,= ?is ,inn] body1 z x is
 exi/5t 9 e ,organical ,"p ( ! ,bean2 s 
is x1 ) respect to ea* ,"p1 mo/ regul>ly
 di/ribut$4 ,9 a good "p ( ! ,radicle   
'tis "o entire ,trunk2 t[>ds ! ,basis   
!re(1 'tis divid$ into ?ree ma9         
,bran*es2  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #ad4  !         
middlemo/ runne? directly into ! ,plume2
 ! o!r two on ei!r side ( x1 aft] a     
little space1 pass into ! ,lobes2 :]e ! 
said ,bran*es divid+ !mselves into o!r  
small]2 & ^? into m1 & small] aga91 are 
t]m9at$ t[>ds ! ,v]ges ( ea* ,lobe2 9   
:i* mann] ! said ,inn] ,body be+        
di/ribut$ x becomes 9 ea* ,lobe a true &
 p]fect ,root4  #bd4 4 ,( ?is ,sem9al   
,root1 z n[ we'll call x1 f !           
,description "h giv51 x is fur!r        
obs]vable2 ,t ! two ma9 ,bran*es h]e(2 9
 :i* ! sev]al ,ramifications 9 ea* ,lobe
 are all unit$1 are n committ$ into !   
,sem9al ,trunk ( ! ,plume1 nor yet /& at

 "r angles ) ,t & ! ,radicle1 & s )     
equal respect t[>ds !m bo?3 b be+       
produc$ ?r\gh "p ( ! ,p>5*yma ( !       
,radicle1 are at la/ unit$ !re9 to ! ma9
 ,trunk1 & make acute ,angles !re)3 z   
may be se5 9 ! same4 f4 #ad4  ,tab4 #a4 
f4 #ad4   #be4 4 ,?is ,sem9al ,root be+ 
s t5d]1 _c be p]fectly exc>nat$1 7z may 
! ,vessels 9 ! ,p>ts ( an ,animal7 by ! 
mo/ accurate ,h&4 ,yet by dissection    
begun & cont9u'd1 z is above decl>$1 its
 :ole frame & di/ribution may be easily 
obs]v'd4 ,aga91 if y take ! ,lobe ( a   
,bean1 & l5g?wise p>e (f its ,p>5*yma by
 degrees1 & 9 extreme ?9 slices1 _m     
,bran*es ( ! ,sem9al ,root1 7:i* by !   
o!r way ( ,dissection 7 only not$ by s  
_m ,specks7 bo? z !y are few] ab\t !    
,basis ( ! ,bean1 & m num]\s t[>ds its  
,v]ges1 9 "s good di/9ction & entir5ess 
w appe>4 ,= ?is y mu/ h new ,beans3 or  
else soak$ 9 ,wat]1 or bury$ = "s "t4   
#bf4 4 ,z ! ,inn] ,body is bran*$ out 9 
! ,lobes1 s is x 9 ! ,plume3 ,= if y cut
 ! ,plume a?w>t1 & f ! ,basis proce$    

along ! ,body !re(1 y'll !re9 f9d1 fir/1
 "o l>ge ,trunk or ,bran*1 & aft] f\r or
 five v small ,specks r\nd ab\t x1 :i*  
are ! t]m9ations ( s _m less] ,bran*es  
!re) di/ribut$ to ! sev]al p>ts ( !     
,plume4  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #aa c4  ,!        
di/ribution ( ! ,inn] ,body1 z x is     
cont9u\s ?r\gh\t all ! ,organical ,p>ts 
( ! ,bean1 is repres5t$1 ,tab4 #a4 f4   
#ad4  #bg4 4 ,?is ,inn] ,body is1 by    
dissection1 be/ obs]vable 9 ! ,bean &   
great ,lup9e4 ,9 o!r l>g] ,pulse x %ews 
likewise "s obscure ,m>ks ( x self4 ,b 9
 no o!r ,se$s1 :i* ,i h obs]v$1 ?\gh ( !
 greate/ size3 z ( ,apples1 ,plums1     
,nuts1 c4 is !re any cle> appe>ance     
h]e(1 ^u dissection1 sav+ 9 ! ,radicle &
 ,plume2 ! reason ( :i* is p>tly f its  
be+1 9 mo/ ,se$s1 s extraord9>y little2 
p>tly f its ,col\r1 :i* 9 mo/ ,se$s1 is 
! same ) t ( ! ,p>5*yma x self1 & s n   
di/+ui%able f x4  #bh4 4 ,yet 9 a       
,g\rd-,se$1 ! :ole ,sem9al ,root1 n only
 its ,ma9 ,bran*es1  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #ae4  
c4  b also ! ,sub-divisions &           

,inosculations ( ! less] ones1 are )\t  
any dissection1 ^u ! sep>ation ( !      
,lobes1 on _! contigu\s ,flats          
imm$iately app>5t4  ,& z to ! exi/5ce ( 
?is ,sem9al ,root1 :at ,dissection _c   
atta91 yet an ocul> inspection 9 hundr$s
 ( o!r ,se$s1 ev5 ! smalle/1 w          
demon/rate2 z 9 ?is ,*apt] %all be se5  
h[4  #bi4 4 ,9 ! mean "t1 let u only    
take notice2 ,t :5 we say1 e ,plant ha? 
its ,root1 we reckon %ort4 ,= e ,plant  
ha? really two1 ?\gh n contempor>y1 yet 
successive ,roots2 its ,orig9al or      
,sem9al-,root )9 ! ,lobes or ,ma9 ,body 
( its ,se$2 & its ,plant-,root1 :i* !   
,radicle become? 9 its gr[?3 ! ,p>5*yma 
( ! ,se$1 be+ 9 "s resemblance1 t to !  
,sem9al ,root at fir/1 :i* ! ,m\ld is to
 ! ,plant-,root aft]w>ds2 & ! ,sem9al   
,root be+ t to ! ,plant-,root1 :i* !    
,plant-,root is to ! ,trunk4 ,= our     
bett] und]/&+ :]e(1 hav+ tak5 a view ( !
 sev]al ,p>ts ( a ,bean1 z f> z         
,dissection conducts2 we w next briefly 
enquire into ! ,use ( ! said ,p>ts1 & 9 

:at mann] !y are ! ,f\nta9 (            
,vegetation1 & concurr5t to ! be+ ( !   
future ,plant4   ,an ,acc\nt ( !        
,vegetation ( ! ,se$4  #cj4 4 ,,!       
,,g5]al ,cause ( ! gr[? ( a ,bean1 or   
o!r ,se$1 is ,f]m5tation4 ,t is1 ! ,bean
 ly+ 9 ! ,m\ld1 & a mod]ate access ( "s 
moi/ure1 p>tly dissimil>1 & p>tly       
cong5]\s1 be+ made1 a g5tle ,f]m5tation 
!nce arise?4 ,by :i*1 ! ,bean swell+1 & 
! ,sap /ill encreas+1 & ! ,bean cont9u+ 
/ill to swell1 ! "w ?us proce$s3 z is ! 
usual way ( explicat+4 ,b t !re is      
simply a ,f]m5tation1 & s a suffici5t   
supply ( ,sap is n en\gh3 b t ?is       
,f]m5tation1 & ! ,sap :]e9 'tis made1   
%\ld be "u a v>i\s ,gov]nm5t1 by div]s  
,p>ts !reto subs]vi5t1 is also          
requisite2 & z ! v>i\s prep>ation ( !   
,alim5t 9 an ,animal1 equally necess>y3 
! p>ticul> process ( ! ,"w accord+      
:]eto1 we f9d none und]tak+ to decl>e4  
#ca4 4 ,let u look ^u a ,bean !n1 z a   
piece ( ,"w s fram'd & set toge!r1 z to 
decl>e a ,design = ! production ( a     

,plant2 :i*1 ^u its ly+ 9 "s conv5i5t   
,soil1 is ?us effect$4 ,fir/ ( all1 !   
,bean be+ enf\ld$ r\nd 9 its ,coats1 !  
,sap :]e) x is f$1 mu/ ( necessity pass 
?r\gh ^!3 ,by :i* means1 x is n only 9 a
 proportionate quantity1 & by degrees2 b
 also 9 a pur] body2 & possibly n )\t "s
 ,vegetable ,t9cture1 transmitt$ to !   
,bean4 ,:]eas1 7 ! ,bean nak$1 ! ,sap   
mu/ ne$s be1 z ov]-copi\s1 s b crude &  
immature1 z n be+ filtr$ ?r\gh s f9e a  
,cotton z ! ,coats be4 ,& z !y h ! use (
 a ,filtre to ! transi5t ,sap2 s ( a    
,vessel to t :i* is /ill deposit$ )9 !m2
 be+ alike accommodat$ to ! secur]      
,f]m5tation h]e(1 z ,bottles or ,b>rels 
are to ,be]1 or any o!r ,f]m5tative     
,liquor4  #cb4 4 ,& z ! ,f]m5tation is  
promot$ by "s ,ap]ture 9 ! ,vessel2 s h 
we ! ,=am5 9 ! upp] ,coat also contriv$4
 ,t if !re %\ld be ne$ ( "s m ,ai]y     
,p>ticles to excite ! ,f]m5tation2 ?r\gh
 ?is1 !y may obta9 _! ,entry4 ,or1 on ! 
contr>y1 %\ld !re be any su* ,p>ticles  
or ,/eams1 z might damp ! g5u9e proce$+ 

!re(1 ?r\gh ?is aga91 !y may h easie    
issue4 ,or if1 by be+ ov] copi\s1 !y    
%\ld become too high a ,f]m5t2 & s      
precipitate ^? s(t & sl[ degrees1 z are 
necess>y to a due ,vegetation4 ,! said  
,ap]ture be+ t1 z a common ,pasport1 "h 
to ! ,sap1 :i* :at we call ! ,bung-hole 
( ! ,b>rel1 is to ! new tunn'd ,liquor4 
#cc4 4 ,& ! ,radicle be+ design$ to %oot
 =? fir/1 z pres5tly %all be %ew'd h[2  
!re=e is x di/9ctly surr\nd$ ) ! ,inn] &
 m succul5t ,coat4 ,t be+ !reby suppl$  
on e side1 its eruption may be ! bett]  
promot$4  #cd4 4 ,! ,sap be+ pass$ ?r\gh
 ! ,coats1 x next ent]s ! ,body ( !     
,bean2 yet n indiscrim9ately nei!r2 b1  
be+ filtr$ ?r\gh ! ,out] ,coat1 & f]m5t$
 9 ! ,body ( ! ,inn]1 is by m$iation ( !
 ,cuticle1 aga9 m f9ely filtr'd1 & s    
ent]e? ! ,p>5*yma x self "u a f\r?      
,gov]nm5t4  #ce4 4 ,?r\gh :i* ,"p ! ,sap
 pass+ t[>ds ! ,sem9al ,root1 z ?r\gh t 
:i* is ( a m spati\s cont5t2 besides !  
b5efit x ha? ( a f>!r p]colation1 x w   
also f9d room en\gh = a m free & active 

f]m5t+ & maturation h]e94 ,& be+        
moreov]1 "p ( ! true ,body ( ! ,bean1 & 
s ) its prop] ,sem9alities or ,t9ctures 
copi\sly repleat2 ! ,sap w n only f9d   
room1 b also matt] en\gh1 by ^: ,en]gy  
its ,f]m5tation w /ill be m advanc$4    
#cf4 4 ,& ! ,sap be+ duly prep>$ "h1 x  
next passe? into all ! ,bran*es ( !     
,sem9al ,root1 & s "u a fif? ,gov]nm5t4 
,:]e9 h[ delicate 'tis n[ become1 we may
 conceive by ! proportion betwixt !     
,p>5*yma & ?is ,sem9al ,root2 s mu* only
 ( ! be/ dige/$ ,sap be+ dis*>g$ f !    
:ole ,/ock 9 t1 z ?is w receive4 ,& ?is1
 moreov]1 z ! ,p>5*yma1 ) its prop]     
,sem9alities be+ end[$2 ! ,sap = !      
supply ( ! ,radicle1 & ( ! "y ,root f   
!nce1 is duly prep>$ !re91 & ) its      
highe/ ,t9cture & ,impregnation at la/  
enri*$4  #cg4 4 ,! ,sap be+ ?us prep>$ 9
 ! ,lobes ( ! ,bean1 'tis !nce dis*>g'd2
 & ei!r into ! ,plume1 or ! ,radicle1   
mu/ =?) issue4 ,& s9ce ! ,plume is a    
dep5d5t on ! ,radicle2 ! ,sap !re=e     
ought fir/ to be disp5c$ to ?is3 :i*    

accord+ly1 is ev] f\nd to %oot =? be=e !
 ,plume3 & sometimes an in* or two 9    
l5g?4 ,n[ because ! primitive c\rse ( ! 
,sap into ! ,radicle1 is ?us requisite2 
!re=e1 by ! frame ( ! ,p>ts ( ! ,bean is
 x also made necess>y4 ,! two ma9       
,bran*es ( ! ,sem9al ,root1 be+ produc$1
 z is be=e obs]v$1 n into ! ,plume1 b ! 
,radicle4 ,n[ ! ,sap be+ br\ght z f> z !
 ,sem9al ,root1 9 ei!r ,lobe2 & accord+ 
to ! conduct !re( cont9u+ /ill to move3 
x mu/ ne$s imm$iately issue into ! same 
,"p1  ,tab4 #a4 f4 #ad4  :]e9to ! ma9   
,bran*es !mselves d2 t is1 into !       
,radicle4 ,by :i* ,sap1 ?us br++ !      
sev]al ,t9ctures ( ! ,p>ts a=esaid ) x1 
be+ n[ f$2 x is no long] a me] ,radicle1
 b is made also ,sem9al1 & s becomes a  
p]fect ,root4  #ch4 4 ,! ,plume1 all ?is
 :ile1 lyes close & /ill4 ,= ! sake (   
:i*1 *iefly x is1 t ! ,bean & o!r ,se$s 
are divid$ into ,lobes1 viz4 ,t x might 
be w>mly & safely lodg$ up betwe5 !m1 & 
s secur'd f ! ,injuries s t5d] a ,"p    
w\ld su/a9 f ! ,m\ld2 :]eto1 _h ! ,ma9  

,body be5 entire1 x mu/1 ^u ! cleav+ ( !
 ,coats1 h lay'n contigu\s4  #ci4 4 ,b !
 ,radicle be+ ?us impregnat$ & %ot into 
a ,root2 'tis n[ "t = ! ,plume to r\ze  
out ( its ,cloy/]s1 & g]m9ate too3 ,9   
ord] :]eto1 'tis n[ f$ f ! ,root1 )     
laudable & suffici5t ,alim5t4 ,= z !    
,supplies & ,motion ( ,sap 7 fir/ made f
 ! ,lobes1 t[>ds ! ,root3 s ! ,root be+ 
well %ot into ! ,m\ld1 & n[ receiv+ a   
new & m copi\s ,sap f !nce2 ! motion    
h]e( mu/ ne$s be /rong]1 & by degrees   
proce$ 9 a contr>y c\rse1 sc4 f ! ,root 
t[>d ! ,plume3 &1 by ! cont9uation ( !  
,sem9al ,root1 is directly conduct$     
!re9to2 by :i* be+ f$1 x gradually      
enl>ges & displays x self4  #dj4 4 ,!   
c\rse ( ! ,sap ?us turn$1 x issues1 ,i  
say1 9 a direct ,l9e f ! ,root into !   
,plume3 b collat]ally1 into ! ,lobes    
also2 sc4 by ^? two a=esaid ,bran*es :i*
 are obliquely transmitt$ f ! ,radicle  
into ei!r ,lobe4 ,by :i* ,bran*es ! said
 ,sap be+ disburs$ back into all !      
,sem9al ,root1 & f !nce1 likewise into !

 ,p>5*yma ( ! ,lobes1 !y are bo? ?us f$1
 & = "s "t augm5t+ !mselves1 really gr[3
 z 9 ,lup9es is evid5t4  #da4 4 ,yet is 
n ?is common to all ,se$s4 ,"s rot      
und]gr\nd2 z ,corn2 be+ ( a lax] & less 
,ole\s ,sub/ance1 diff]+ h]e9 f mo/ o!r 
,se$s2 & be+ n divid$ into ,lobes1 b "o 
entire ?ick ,body4 ,& "s1 al?\gh !y     
cont9ue firm1 & are divid$ into ,lobes1 
yet rise n2 z ! great ,g>d5 ,bean4 ,9   
:i*1 !re=e1 x is obs]vable1 ,t ! two    
,ma9 ,bran*es ( ! ,lobes1 9 comp>ison ) 
t :i* runs into ! ,plume1 are b mean2   
,tab4 #a4 f4 #ad4  & s insuffici5t to ! 
fe$+ & vegetation ( ! ,lobes2 ! ,plume1 
on ! contr>y1 gr[+ s lu/y1 z to m\nt up 
)\t !m4  #db4 4 ,except+ a few ( ^! ,two
 ,k9ds1 all o!r ,se$s :atsoev]1 7:i* ,i 
h obs]v$7 besides t !y cont9ue firm2 ^u 
! ,vegetation ( ! ,plume1 d m\nt also   
upw>ds1 & advance above ! ,gr\nd toge!r 
) x2 z all ,se$s :i* spr+ up ) "o or m  
,dissimil> ,leaves3 ,^! ,dissimil>      
,leaves1 = ! mo/ "p ,two1 :i* fir/ spr+ 
up1 & are ( a diff]5t %ape f ^? t foll[1

 be+ ! v ,lobes ( ! ,se$1 divid$1 exp&$1
 & ?us advanc$4  #dc4 4 ,! ,imp$im5ts ( 
our appreh5sion h]e( are ! ,col\r1 ,size
 & ,%ape ( ! ,dissimil> ,leaves4        
,not)/&+1 t !y are no?+ else b ! ,ma9   
,body ( ! ,se$1 h[ ,i came fir/ to      
conceive1 & aft]w>ds to "k x1 0 ?us4    
,fir/1 ,i obs]v$ 9 g5]al1 t ! ,dissimil>
 ,leaves1 7 nev] jagg'd1 b ev5 edg'd3 ,&
 see+ ! ev5 v]ges ( ! ,lobes ( ! ,se$   
h]eto respond5t1 ,i 0 apt to ?9k1 t ^?  
:i* 7 s l1 might prove ! same4 ,next    
desc5d+ to p>ticul> ,se$s1 ,i obs]v$1   
fir/1 ( ! ,lup9e2 t1 z to its ,col\r1   
advanc+ above ! ,gr\nd1 7z x use? to d7 
x 0 always *ang$ into a p]fect ,gre54 ,&
 :y might n ! same by p>ity ( ,reason be
 inf]r$ ( o!r ,se$s8 ,t1 z to its size1 
x grew b little bigg] ?an :5 fir/ set4  
,:5ce1 z ,i disc]n'd 7! ,augm5tation be+
 b little7 we "h _h only ! two ,lobes3  
,tab4 #b4 f4 #a4  ,s1 7z "s augm5tation 
!re 07 ,i inf]r'd ! l might be1 & t1 9  
f>!r degrees1 9 o!r ,se$s4  #dd4 4 ,next
 ( ! ,cucumb]-,se$1 ,t1 z to its ,col\r1

 (t5 appe>+ above gr\nd1 9 its primitive
 :ite1 f :ite x turns to yell[1 & f     
yell[ to gre52 ! prop] col\r ( a ,leaf4 
,t1 z to its size1 ?\gh at its fir/     
arise1 ! ,lobes 7 little bigg] ?an ^u   
sett+2 yet aft]w>ds1 z !y *ang'd _!     
,col\r1  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #b4  s _!         
dim5sions also1 gr[+ to a               
?ree-f\r-five-fold amplitude above _!   
primitive size4 ,b :]eas ! ,lobes ( !   
,se$1 are 9 proportion1 n>r[1 %ort &    
?ick3 h[ !n come ! ,dissimil> ,leaves1  
to be s exce$+ broad1 or long1 & ?98 ,! 
,"q answ]s x self3 ,= ! ,dissimil>      
,leaves1 = t v reason are s ?91 because 
s v broad or long2 z we see _m ?+s1 h[  
mu* !y are ext5d$ 9 l5g? or bread?1 s   
mu* !y lose 9 dep?1 or gr[ m ?92 :i* is 
t :i* "h befalls ! n[ effoliat$ ,lobes4 
,= be+ once dis-imprison$ f _! ,coats1 &
 ! c\rse ( ! ,sap into !m1 n[ m & m     
encreas$2 !y mu/ ne$s v consid]ably     
amplifie !mselves3 & f ! mann] :]e9 !   
,sem9al ,root is bran*$ 9 !m1 t         
amplification _c be 9 ?ickness1 b 9 l5g?

 or bread?4 ,9 bo? :i*1 9 "s ,dissimil> 
,leaves1 'tis v rem>kable2  ,tab4 #b4 f4
 #c4  especially 9 l5g?1 z 9 ^? (       
,lettice1 ,?orn-,apple1 & o!rs2 ^:      
,se$s1 al?\gh v small1 yet ! ,lobes ( ^?
 ,se$s gr[+ up into ,dissimil> ,leaves1 
are ext5d$ an ,in*1 & sometimes m1 9    
l5g?4 ,?\gh he t %all attempt to get a  
cle> sight ( ! ,lobes ( ,?orn-,apple1 & 
"s o!rs1 by ,dissection1 w f9d x no     
easie ,task2 yet is t :i* may be obta9$2
 & 9 ! ,la/ ,book %all be %ew'd4 ,f all 
:i*1 & ! obs]vation ( o!r ,se$s1 ,i at  
la/ f\nd1 t ! ,dissimil> ,leaves ( a "y 
,plant1 are no?+ else b ! ,lobes or ,ma9
 ,body ( its ,se$4 ,s t1 z ! ,lobes did 
at fir/ fe$ & impregnate ! ,radicle into
 a p]fect ,root2 s ! ,root1 be+ p]fect$1
 do? aga9 fe$1 & by degrees amplifie ea*
 ,lobe into a p]fect ,leaf4  #de4 4 ,!  
,orig9al ( ! ,dissimil> ,leaves ?us     
kn[n1 we und]/&1 :y "s ,plants h none2  
because ! ,se$ ei!r rise? n1 z          
,g>d5-,beans1 ,corn1 c4 ,or ^u ris+1 !  
,lobes are little alt]'d1 z ,lup9es1    

,pease1 c4 ,:y1 ?\gh ! prop] ,leaves are
 (t5 ind5t$ r\nd2 ! ,dissimil> l !      
,lobes are ev5-edg'd4 ,:y1 ?\gh ! prop] 
,leaves are (t5 hairy1 yet ^! are ev]   
smoo?4 ,:y "s h m ,dissimil> ,leaves ?an
 two1 z ,cresses1 :i* h six1 z ! ,+5i\s 
,mr4 ,%>rock also obs]ves4  ,hi/4 ( !   
,prop4 ( ,vege4  ,! reason :]e( is1     
because ! ,ma9 ,body is n divid$ into   
,two1 b ,six1 di/9ct ,lobes1 z ,i h (t5 
c\nt$4 ,:y ,radi%es seem at fir/ to h   
f\r1 :i* yet aft] appe> pla9ly two3     
because ! ,lobes ( ! ,se$1 h bo? a      
little ,ind5ture1 & are bo? plait$1 "o  
ov] ! o!r4 ,to :i*1 o!r ,in/ances might 
be add$4  #df4 ,! use ( ! ,dissimil>    
,leaves is1 fir/1 = ! protection ( !    
,plume2 :i* be+ b "y1 & s b s(t & t5d]1 
is provid$ ) ^!1 z a d\ble ,gu>d1 "o on 
ei!r side ( x4 ,= ?is reason x is1 t !  
,plume1 9 ,corn1 is truss$ up )9 a      
membran\s ,%ea?3 & t ( a ,bean1 coop$ up
 betwixt a pair ( ,surfoyls3  ,tab4 #c4 
,b :]e ! ,lobes rise1 !re ! ,plume ha?  
nei!r ( !m1 be+ bo? ne$less4  #dg4 4    

,aga91 s9ce ! ,plume1 be+ yet t5d]1 may 
be injur'd n only by ! ,a]1 b also =    
want ( ,sap1 ! supplies f ! ,root be+   
yet b sl[ & sp>+2 t ! said ,plume !re=e1
 by ! ,dissimil> ,leaves1 may h !       
advantage likewise ( "s refre%m5t f ,dew
 or ,ra94 ,= ^! hav+ _! ,basis a little 
b5ea? t ( ! ,plume1 & exp&+ !mselves on 
all sides ( x1 !y (t5 /& aft] ,ra91 l a 
,vessel ( ,wat]1 cont9ually soak+ &     
suppl+ x1 le/ its new access into !     
,ayr1 %\ld %rivel x4  #dh4 4 ,moreov]1 t
 s9ce ! ,dissimil> ,leaves by _! ,basis 
int]cept ! ,root & ,plume1 ! great] &   
gross] "p ( ! ,sap1 may be1 by ! way1   
deposit$ into ^?2 & s ! pure/ proce$    
into ! yet b "y & delicate ,plume1 z its
 fitte/ ,alim5t4  #di4 4 ,la/ly1 we h "h
 a demon/ration ( ! be+ ( ! ,sem9al     
,root3 :i*1 s9ce ?r\gh ! col\r or       
smalness ( ! ,se$1 x c\ld n by          
,dissection be obs]v'd1 except 9 "s few2
 ,nature ha? "h provid$ u a way ( view+ 
x 9 ! n[ effoliat$ ,lobes1 n ( "o or two
 ,se$s1 b ( hundr$s2 ! ,sem9al ,root    

visibly bran*+ x self t[>ds ! ,cone or  
,v]ges ( ! said ,lobes1 or n[ ,dissimil>
 ,leaves4                               
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                            
,( ! ,,root4   ,,hav+ ,exam9'd & pursu'd
 ! ,degrees ( ,vegetation 9 ! ,se$1 we  
f9d its two ,lobes h "h _! utmo/ p]iod3 
&1 t hav+ convey$ _! ,sem9alities into !
 ,radicle & ,plume2 ^! !re=e1 z ! ,root 
& ,trunk ( ! ,plant1 /ill survive4 ,(   
^!1 9 _! ord]1 we next proce$ to speak2 
& fir/1 ( ! ,root3 :]e(1 z well z ( !   
,se$1 we mu/ by ,dissection in=m our    
selves4  #b4 4 ,9 ,dissection ( a ,root 
!n1 we %all f9d x ) ! ,radicle1 z !     
,p>ts ( an ,old ,man ) ^? ( a ,ftus1    
sub/antially1 "o4 ,! fir/ ,"p occurr+ is
 its ,sk91 ! ,orig9al :]e( is f ! ,se$3 
,= t extreme ?9 ,cuticle :i* is spread  
ov] ! ,lobes ( ! ,se$1 & f !nce ov] !   
,radicle1 ^u ! %oot+ ( ! ,radicle into a
 ,root1 is co-ext5d$1 & becomes its     
,sk94  #c4 4 ,! next ,"p is ! ,cortical 
,body4 ,:i*1 :5 x is ?91 is commonly    
call$ ! ,b>que4 ,! ,orig9al h]e(1       

likewise is f ! ,se$2 or ! ,p>5*yma1 :i*
 is !re common bo? to ! ,lobes &        
,radicle1 be+ by ,vegetation augm5t$ &  
prolong$ into ! ,root1 ! same becomes ! 
,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que4  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #d4  
#d4 4 ,! ,contexture ( ?is ,p>5*yma may 
be well illu/rat$ by t ( a ,sponge1 be+ 
a ,body ,por\s1 ,dilative & ,pliable4   
,its ,pores1 z !y are innum]able1 s1    
extream small4 ,^! ,pores are n only    
susceptive ( s mu* ,moi/ure z to fill1 b
 also to enl>ge !mselves1 & s to dilate 
! ,cortical ,body :]e9 !y are3 :i* by ! 
%riv'l+ 9 !re(1 ^u its be+ expos'd to ! 
,air1 is also se54 ,9 :i* dilatation1 _m
 ( its ,p>ts becom+ m lax & di/ant1 &   
none ( !m suff]+ a solution ( _!        
cont9uity2 'tis a ,body also suffici5tly
 pliable2 t is to say1 a mo/ exquisitely
 f9e-wr\ght ,sponge4  #e4 4 ,! ,ext5tion
 ( ^! ,pores is mu* alike by ! l5g? &   
bread? ( ! ,root2 :i* f ! %r9k+ up ( !  
,cortical ,body1 9 a piece ( a cut      
,root1 by ! same dim5sions1 is argu'd4  
#f4 4 ,! proportions ( ?is ,cortical    

,body are v>i\s3 ,if ?91 'tis1 z is     
said1 call$ a ,b>que2 & ?\ght to s]ve to
 no o!r end1 ?an :at is vulg>ly ascrib'd
 to a ,b>que2 :i* is a n>r[ conceit4 ,if
 a ,bulky ,body1 9 comp>ison ) ,t )9 x1 
z 9 ! "y ,roots ( ,ci*ory1 ,asp>agus1 c4
 'tis "h1 because ! faire/1 !re=e tak5 =
 ! prime ,"p2 :i*1 ?\gh1 z to ,m$ic9al  
use1 x is2 yet1 z to ! private use ( !  
,plant1 n s4 ,! ,col\r h]e(1 ?\gh x be  
orig9ally :ite1 yet 9 ! cont9u$ gr[? ( !
 ,root1 div]s ,t9ctures1 z yell[ 9      
,dock1 r$ 9 ,bi/ort1 are !re9to         
introduc$4  #g4 4 ,next )9 ?is ,"p /&s !
 ,lign\s ,body3 ,?is ,lign\s ,body1 lye?
 ) all its p>ts1 s f> z !y are visible1 
9 a ,circle or ,r+4  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #d4 b4
  ,yet are !re div]s extreme small      
,fibres !reto p>allel1 usually mix$ ) ! 
,cortical ,body2 & by ! some:at diff]5t 
col\r ( ! said ,cortical ,body :]e !y   
/&1 may be not$4 ,^! ,fibres ! ,cortical
 ,body1 & ,sk91 altoge!r1 prop]ly make !
 ,b>que4 ,! ,orig9al ( ?is ,lign\s      
,body1 z ( ! two =m]1 is f ! ,se$2 or1 !

 ,sem9al ,roots ( bo? ! ,lobes1 be+     
unit$ 9 ! ,radicle1 & ) its ,p>5*yma    
co-ext5d$1 is "h 9 ! ,root ( ! ,plant1 !
 ,lign\s ,body4  #h4 4 ,! ,contexture   
h]e(1 9 _m ( its p>ts1 is mu* m close   
?an t ( ! ,cortical2 & _! ,pores v      
diff]5t4 ,= :]eas ^? ( ! ,cortical are  
inf9itely num]\s1 ^! ( ! ,lign\s are 9  
comp>ison no?+ s4 ,b ^!1 al?\gh few]1   
yet are !y1 _m ( !m1 m op51 fair &      
visible3 z 9 a v ?9 ,slice cut a?w>t !  
"y ,root ( a ,tree1 & held up aga9/ !   
light1 is app>5t4 ,yet n 9 all equally2 
9 ,coran-,tree1 ,goosb]ry-,tree1 c4     
less1 9 ,oak1 ,plums1 & especially      
,damasc5s1 m2  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #e4  9      
,eld]1 ,v9es1 c4 mo/ conspicu\s4 ,& z !y
 are diff]5t 9 numb] & size1 s also     
7:]eon ! num]\sness ( ! ,pores ( !      
,cortical ,body pr9cipally dep5ds7 9 _! 
%ape4 ,= :]eas ^? ( ! ,cortical ,body   
are ext5d$ mu* alike bo? by ! l5g? &    
bread? ( ! ,root2 ^! ( ! ,lign\s1 are   
only by ! l5g?2 :i* especially 9 ,v9es1 
& "s o!r ,roots is evid5t4 ,( ^! ,pores1

 'tis also obs]vable1 t al?\gh 9 all    
places ( ! ,root !y are visible1 yet mo/
 fair & op5 ab\t ! filam5t\s            
,extremities ( "s ,roots1  ,tab4 #b4 f4 
#g4 a4 b4  :]e ab\t1 ! ,roots h no ,pi?2
 z 9 ,f5il4 ,& 9 _m ,roots1 high]4  #i4 
4 ,! proportion betwixt ?is ,lign\s     
,body & ! ,cortical1 is v>i\s1 z 0 said2
 yet 9 ?is1 con/ant1 sc4 t 9 ! filam5t\s
 & small] ,p>ts ( ! ,root1 ! ,lign\s    
,body is v mu* ! less2 runn+ l a sl5d]  
,wy] or ,n]ve ?r\gh ! o!r surr\nd+ x4   
,:]eas 9 ! upp] "p1 x is (t5 times ( f> 
great] quantity ?an ! ,cortical1 al?\gh 
x be encompass'd by x4 ,!y /& bo? toge!r
 pyramidally1 :i* is mo/ common to      
,infant ,roots1 b also to a great _m    
o!rs4  #aj4 4 ,! next ,"p obs]vable 9 ! 
,root1 is ! ,ins]tm5t4 ,! exi/5ce h]e(1 
s f> z we c yet obs]ve1 is sometimes 9 !
 ,radicle ( ! ,se$ x self2 ,i _c say    
always4 ,z to its sub/antial nature1 we 
are m c]ta92 t x is ! same ) t ( !      
,p>5*yma ( ! ,radicle2 be+ always at    
lea/ augm5t$1 & s1 9 "p1 orig9at$ f !   

,cortical ,body1 & s1 at second h&1 f ! 
said ,p>5*yma4 ,= 9 dissect+ a ,root1 ,i
 f9d1 t ! ,cortical ,body do? n only    
environ ! ,lign\s1 b is also w$g'd1 & 9 
_m ,pieces ins]t$ into x2 & t ! said    
ins]t$ ,pieces make n a me] ,ind5ture1 b
 transmit & %oot !mselves q ?r\gh z f> z
 ! ,pi?3  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #e4  :i* 9 a ?9  
,slice cut a?w>t ! ,root1 z s _m l9es   
drawn f ! ,circumf]5ce t[>ds ! ,c5t]1   
%ew !mselves4  #aa4 4 ,! ,pores ( !     
,ins]tm5t are sometimes1 at lea/1 ext5d$
 some:at m by ! bread? ( ! ,root1 z ab\t
 ! top ( ! ,root ( ,borage may be se52 &
 are ?us diff]5t f ^? ( ! ,cortical     
,body1 :i* are ext5d$ by ! l5g? & bread?
 mu* alike2 & f ^? ( ! ,lign\s1 be+ only
 by its l5g?4  #ab4 4 ,! numb] & size ( 
^! ,ins]tions are v>i\s4 ,9 ,haw?orn1 & 
"s o!rs1 & especially ,will[s1 !y are   
mo/ extream small2 9 ,*]ries & ,plums !y
 are ,big]2  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #e4  #f4  & 9 
! ,v9e & "s o!r ,trees1 v fairly app>5t4
 ,9 ! ,roots ( mo/ ,h]bs !y are g5]ally 
m easily discov]able2 :i* may lead to ! 

obs]vation ( !m 9 all4  #ac4 4 ,^!      
,ins]tions1 al?\gh !y are cont9u\s ?r\gh
 bo? ! l5g? & bread? ( ! ,root2 yet n s 
9 all ,p>ts1 b by ! sev]al %oot+s ( !   
,lign\s ,body !y are frequ5tly          
int]cept$4 ,= ( ! ,lign\s ,body x is 7"h
 be/7 obs]vable2 ,t its sev]al ,%oot+s1 
betwixt :i* ! ,cortical is ins]t$1 are  
n1 ?r\gh\t ! ,root1 :olly di/9ct1 /rait 
& p>allel2 b t all along be+ en>*'d1 !  
,lign\s ,body1 bo? 9 l5g? & bread?1 is  
?us dispos$ into ,braces or             
,osculations4 ,betwixt ^! sev]al ,%oot+s
 ( ! ,lign\s ,body ?us osculat$1 !      
,cortical %oot+1  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #h4  &   
be+ also osculat$ answ]ably ,brace =    
,brace1 t :i* ,i call ! ,ins]tm5t is    
fram$ !re(4  #ad4 4 ,^! ,osculations are
 s made1 t ! ,pores or ,fibres ( !      
,lign\s ,body1 ,i ?9k1 not)/&+1 seldom  
or nev] run "o into ano!r2 be+1 ?\gh    
contigu\s1 yet /ill di/9ct4 ,9 ! same   
mann] z "s ( ! ,n]ves1 ?\gh !y meet1 & =
 "s space are associat$ toge!r1 yet 'tis
 mo/ probable1 t none ( _! ,fibres are  

truly inosculat$1 sav+ p]haps1 9 !      
,plexures4  #ae4 4 ,^! ,osculations ( ! 
,lign\s ,body1 & s ! int]ception ( !    
,ins]tions ( ! ,cortical1 are n to be   
obs]v'd by ! trav]se cut ( ! ,root1 b by
 tak+ (f ! ,b>que4 ,9 ! ,roots ( ,trees1
 !y are g5]ally obscure2 b 9 ,h]bs (t5 m
 di/9ctly app>5t2 & especially 9 a      
,turnep3 ! appe>ance :]e(1 ! ,b>que be+ 
/ripp'd (f1 is z a piece ( close-wr\ght 
,net-"w1 fill'd up ) ! ,ins]tions f     
!nce4  #af4 4 ,! next & la/ di/9ct ,"p (
 ! ,root is ! ,pi?4 ,! sub/antial nature
 !re(1 is1 z 0 said ( ! ,ins]tm5t1 !    
same likewise ) t ( ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,se$4
 ,& accord+ to ! be/ obs]vation ,i h yet
 made1 'tis sometimes exi/5t 9 its      
,radicle2 9 :i*1 ! two ma9 ,bran*es ( ! 
,lobes bo? meet+1 & be+ osculat$ toge!r1
 are ?us dispos'd into "o r\nd & tubul> 
,trunk1 & s environ+ "p ( ! ,p>5*yma1   
make !re( a ,pi?2 z 9 ei!r ! ,radicle1  
or ! "y ,root ( ! great ,bean or ,lup9e1
 may1 ,i ?9k1 be well se54  #ag4 4 ,b _m
 times ! ,orig9al h]e( is imm$iately f !

 ,b>que4 ,= 9 dissection ( div]s ,roots1
 bo? ( ,trees & ,h]bs1 z ( ,b>b]ry or   
,mall[s1 x is obs]vable1 ,t ! ,cortical 
,body & ,pi?1 are bo? ( !m p>ticipant ( 
! same ,col\r2 9 ! ,b>b]ry1 bo? ( !m t+$
 yell[1 & 9 ,mall[s1 gre54 ,9 cutt+ !   
small] ,p>ts ( ! ,roots ( _m ,plants1 z 
( ,borage1 ,mall[s1 ,p>sley1 ,columb9e1 
c4 'tis also evid5t1 ,t ! ,lign\s ,body 
is n !re1 9 ! lea/ ,concave1 b /&e?     
,solid1 or )\t any ,pi?1  ,tab4 #b4 f4  
#i4 a4  9 ! ,c5t]2 & t ! ,ins]tions be+ 
gradually multipli$ aft]w>ds1 ! ,pi?1 at
 l5g?1 t[>ds ! ?ick] p>ts ( ! ,root1    
%ews & enl>ges x self4 ,:5ce x appe>s1 t
 9 all su* ,roots1 ! ,pi? is n only ( ! 
same sub/antial nature1 & by !          
,ins]tions do? communicate ) ! ,b>que2 &
 t x is also augm5t$ by x2 :i* is true (
 ! ,pi? ( all ,roots2 b is moreov]1 by  
m$iation ( ! said ,ins]tions1 :olly     
orig9at$ f x2 t is to say1 f ! ,p>5*ym\s
 ,"p !re(4 ,! v>i\s appe>ances ( !      
,ins]tions & ,pi? f ! filam5t\s ,p>ts to
 ! top ( ! ,root1 see 9 ,tab4 #b4  ,tab4

 #b4 f4 #i4  ,! ,pores ( ! ,lign\s      
,body1 z x /&s entire 9 ! said filam5t\s
 ,p>ts1 are be/ se5 :5 !y h la9 by a    
night to dry1 aft] cutt+4  #ah4 4 ,a    
f>!r evid5ce h]e( are ! ,proportions    
betwixt ! ,cortical ,body & ,pi?4 ,= z  
ab\t ! inf]i\r ,p>ts ( ! ,root1 :]e !   
,pi? is small1 ! ,cortical ,body is     
proportionably great2 s ab\t ! top1 :]e 
! ,pi? is enl>g$1 ! ,cortical ,body 7n[ 
m prop]ly becom+ a ,b>que7 gr[e?        
proportionably less1 sc4 because !      
,ins]tions d /ill m & m enl>ge ! ,pi?4  
,likewise ! peculi> frame ( "s ,roots1  
:]e9 besides ! ,pi?1 ! ,lign\s ,body be+
 divid$ into two or m ,r+s1 !re are also
 "o or m ?ick ,r+s1 ( a :ite & s(t      
sub/ance1 :i* /& betwixt !m2 & are no?+ 
else b ! ,ins]tions ( ! ,cortical ,body 
collect$ into ! said ,r+s2 b1 t[>ds !   
top ( ! ,root1 be+ ins]t$ aga91 ?us make
 a l>ge & ample ,pi?2  ,tab4 #b4 f4 #h4 
z 9 old] ,f5nel-,roots1 ^? ( ,beet1     
,turnep1 & "s o!r ,h]bs1 is se54  #ai4 4
 ,! ,pores ( ! ,pi?1 z ^? ( ! ,cortical 

,body1 are ext5d$ bo? by ! bread? & l5g?
 ( ! ,root1 mu* alike2 yet are !y m or  
less ( a great] size ?an ^? ( !         
,cortical ,body4  #bj4 4 ,! ,proportions
 ( ! ,pi?1 are v>i\s2 9 ,trees1 b small2
 9 ,h]bs1 g5]ally1 v fair2 9 "s mak+ by 
f> ! greate/ "p ( ! ,root2 z 9 a        
,turnep3 ,by reason ( ! wide circumf]5ce
 :]e(1 & s ! f9] ,concoction &          
,assimilation ( its ,sap2 t ,"p :i* 9   
mo/ old ,trunks is a dry & h>% ,pi?1 "h 
proves a t5d]1 pleasant meat4  #ba4 4 ,9
 ! ,roots ( v _m ,plants1 z ,turneps1   
,c>rots1 c4 ! ,lign\s ,body1 besides its
 ma9 utmo/ ,r+1 ha? div]s ( its osculat$
 ,fibres disp]s$ ?r\gh\t ! ,body ( !    
,pi?2 sometimes all alike1 & sometimes m
 especially 91 or ne>1 its ,c5t]2 :i*   
,fibres1 z !y run t[>ds ! top ( ! ,root1
 /ill decl9+ ! ,c5t]1 at la/ collat]ally
 /rike into its ,circumf]5ce2 ei!r all (
 !m1 or "s few1 keep+ ! ,c5t] /ill4 ,(  
^! pr9cipally1 ! ,succul5t "p ( !       
,lign\s ,body ( ! ,trunk is (t5         
orig9at$4  #bb4 4 ,"s ( ^! ,pi?-,fibres1

 al?\gh !y are s exce$+ sl5d]1 yet 9 "s 
,roots1 z 9 t ( ,fl[] de liz1 !y are    
visibly concave1 ea* ( !m1 9 _! sev]al  
,cavities also embosom+ a v small ,pi?2 
! sight :]e(1 ! ,root be+ cut trav]se1 &
 laid 9 a ,w9d[ = a day or two to dry1  
may )\t ,glasses be obta9'd4 ,& ?is is !
 g5]al acc\nt ( ! ,root2 ! decl>ation ( 
! mann] ( its gr[?1 ) ! use & s]vice (  
its sev]al ,p>ts1 we %all next endeav\r4
   ,an ,acc\nt ( ! ,gr[? ( ! ,root4     
#bc4 4 ,i ,,say ,,!n1 ,t ! ,radicle be+ 
impregnate1 & %ot into ! ,m\lds1 !      
contigu\s moi/ure1 by ! ,cortical ,body1
 be+ a ,body laxe & ,spongy1 is easily  
admitt$3 ,yet n all indiscrim9ately1 b t
 :i* is m adapt$ to pass ?r\gh !        
surr\nd+ ,cuticle4 ,:i* transi5t ,sap1  
?\gh x ?us becomes f9e1 yet is n simple2
 b a mixture ( ,p>ticles1 bo? 9 respect 
( ^? orig9ally 9 ! ,root1 & among/      
!mselves1 some:at het]og5e\s4 ,& be+    
lodg'd 9 ! ,cortical ,body mod]ately    
laxe1 & ( a ,circul> =m2 ! effect w be  
an easie ,f]m5tation4 ,! ,sap f]m5t+1 a 

sep>ation ( ,p>ts w foll[2 "s :]e( w be 
impact$ to ! ,circumf]5ce ( ! ,cortical 
,body1 :5ce ! ,cuticle becomes a ,sk92 z
 we see 9 ! gr[+ ( ! ,coats ( ,*eeses1 (
 ! ,sk9 ov] div]s ,liquors1 & ! l4      
,:]eupon ! ,sap pass+ into ! ,cortical  
,body1 ?r\gh ?is1 z ?r\gh a ,manica     
,hippocratis1 is /ill m f9ely filtr$4 ,)
 :i* ,sap1 ! ,cortical ,body be+ dilat$ 
z f> z its ,tone1 )\t a solution (      
,cont9uity1 w be>2 & ! supply ( ! ,sap  
/ill r5ew'd3 ! pure/ "p1 z mo/ apt &    
ready1 rec$es1 ) its due ,t9ctures1 f ! 
said ,cortical ,body1 to all ! p>ts ( ! 
,lign\s2 bo? ^? mix$ ) ! ,b>que1 & ^?   
ly+ )9 x4 ,:i* ,lign\s ,body likewise   
sup]-induc+ its own prop] ,t9ctures into
 ! said ,sap2 'tis n[ to its highe/     
prep>ation wr\ght up1 & becomes 7z !y   
speak ( t ( an ,animal7 ! ,vegetative   
,ros or ,cambium3 ! noble/ "p :]e( is at
 la/ coagulat$ 91 & assimilat$ to ! l   
sub/ance ) ! said ,lign\s ,body4 ,!     
rema9d]1 ?\gh n unit$ to x1 yet t9ctur'd
 !re91 ?us retreats1 t is1 by ! cont9ual

 appulse ( ! ,sap1 is 9 "p c>ri$ (f into
 ! ,cortical ,body back aga91 ! ,sap    
:]e( x n[ t9ctures into good ,alim5t4 ,s
 t :]eas be=e1 ! ,cortical ,body 0 only 
relax$ 9 its ,p>ts1 & s dilat$2 'tis n[ 
increas'd 9 real quantity or numb] (    
p>ts1 & s is truly n\ri%'d4 ,& !        
,cortical ,body be+ saturate ) s mu* (  
?is ,vital ,sap z s]ves x self2 & !     
second ,rema9d]s dis*>g$ !nce to ! ,sk92
 ?is also is n\ri%'d & augm5t$ !re)4 ,s 
t z 9 an ,animal ,body !re is no        
in/auration or gr[? ( ,p>ts made by !   
,bl\d only1 b ! ,n]v\s ,_s is also      
!reunto assi/ant2 s is x "h3 ! ,sap     
prep>$ 9 ! ,cortical ,body1 is z !      
,bl\d1 & t "p !re( prep>$ by ! ,lign\s1 
is z ! ,n]v\s ,_s2 :i* p>tly becom+     
,nutrim5t to x self1 & p>tly be+ dis*>g$
 back into ! ,cortical ,body1 & diffus+ 
its ,t9cture ?r\gh ! ,sap !re1 t to !   
said ,cortical ,body & ,sk91 becomes    
also true ,nutrim5t1 & s !y all n[ gr[4 
#bd4 4 ,9 :i* gr[?1 a proportion 9 l5g? 
& bread? is requisite3 :i* be+ rat$ by !

 b5efit ( ! ,plant1 bo? = firm /&+ &    
suffici5t ,sap1 mu/ !re=e pr9cipally be 
9 l5g?4 ,& because x is ?us requisite1  
!re=e by ! con/itution ( "o ( its ,p>ts1
 sc4 ! ,lign\s ,body1 x is also made    
necess>y4 ,= ! ,pores h]e(1 9 t !y are  
all ext5d$ by its l5g?1 ! ,sap also     
accord+ to ! frame & site ( ! said      
,pores w pr9cipally move2 & t way z its 
,sap moves1 ! same way w ! g5]ation (   
its ,p>ts also proce$2 sc4 by its l5g?4 
,& ! ,lign\s ,body fir/ 7t is by a      
priority causal7 mov+ 9 l5g? x self2 !  
,cortical also moves !re)4 ,= t :i* is  
n\ri%'d1 is ext5d$3 b :atev] is ext5d$1 
is mov'd3 t !re=e :i* is n\ri%'d1 is    
mov'd3 ,! ,lign\s ,body !n be+ fir/     
n\ri%'d1 'tis likewise fir/ mov'd1 & s  
becomes & c>ries 9 x ! ,pr9ciple ( all  
,vegetative motion 9 ! ,cortical2 & s !y
 bo? move 9 l5g?4  #be4 4 ,yet z !      
,lign\s ,body is ! ,pr9ciple ( ,motion 9
 ! ,cortical2 s ! ,cortical is !        
,mod]ator ( t 9 ! ,lign\s3 ,z 9 ,animal 
,motions1 ! ,pr9ciple is f ! ,n]ves2 yet

 be+ once giv5 to ! ,muscle or ,limb1 & 
t mov+ proportionably to its /ructure1 !
 ,n]ves also are c>ri$ 9 ! same motion )
 x4 ,we suppose !re=e1 t z ! pr9cipal   
motion ( ! ,lign\s ,body is 9 l5g?1 s is
 its prop] t5d5cy also to ,asc5d4 ,b be+
 mu* exce$$ bo? 9 ,compass & ,quantity  
by ! ,cortical1 z 9 ! small] p>ts ( !   
,root x is2 x mu/ ne$s !re=e be ov]-born
 & gov]n$ by x2 & s1 ?\gh n lose its    
motion1 yet make x t way :]e9 !         
,cortical ,body may be m ob$i5t to x2   
:i* w be by desc5t4 ,yet bo? ( !m be+   
suffici5tly pliable1 !y are ?us capable1
 :]e ! ,soyl may oppose a direct desc5t1
 !re to div]t any way1 :]e x is m       
p5etrable1 & s to desc5d obliquely4 ,= !
 same reason x may also be1 t ?\gh y set
 a ,bean ) ! ,radicle upw>d2 yet !      
,radicle1 z x %oots1 decl9+ also        
gradually1 is ?us ar*'d 9 =m ( an ,hook1
 & s at la/ desc5ds4 ,= e decl9ation f a
 p]p5dicul> ,l9e1 is a mix$ motion      
betwixt ,asc5t & ,desc5t1 z t ( !       
,radicle also is1 & s seem+ to be       

dep5d5t ^u ! two ,contr>y ,t5d5cies ( ! 
,lign\s & ,cortical ,bodies4 ,:at may be
 ! cause ( ^? ,t5d5cies 7be+ mo/        
probably ext]nal1 & a k9d ( ,magnetisme7
 ,i %all n make my ,task "h to enquire4 
#bf4 4 ,n[ al?\gh ! ,lign\s ,body1 by ! 
position & %ape ( its ,pores1 pr9cipally
 gr[e? 9 l5g?2 yet w x 9 "s degree      
likewise 9 bread?3 ,= x _c be suppos$ t 
! pure/ ,sap is all receiv$ into ! said 
,pores2 b t "p !re( likewise1 /ay+ ab\t 
its ,sup]ficial ,p>ts1 is !re t9ctur'd &
 agglut9at$ to !m4 ,& because ^! ,pores 
are prolong$ by its l5g?2 !re=e x is mu*
 m laxe & easily divisible t way2 z 9   
slitt+ a ,/ick1 or cleav+ ( ,timb]1 & 9 
cutt+ & hew+ !m a?w>t is also se54 ,:5ce
 x comes to pass1 t 9 %oot+ f ! ,c5t]   
t[>ds ! ,circumf]5ce1 & !re f9d+ m room1
 its said orig9al ,laxity do? easily 9  
div]s places n[ become great]1 & at l5g?
 9 op5 ,p>tm5ts pla9ly visible4 ,betwixt
 :i* ,p>tm5ts1 ! ,cortical ,body1 be+   
b\nd 9 on ! "o h&1 by ! surr\nd+ ,sk9 & 
,m\lds1 & press$ ^u by ! ,lign\s on !   

o!r1 mu/ ne$s ins]t x self1 & s move    
contr>y to x1 f ! ,circumf]5ce t[>ds !  
,c5t]4 ,:]e ! said contr>y motions      
cont9u$ z begun1 !y at la/ meet1 unite1 
& ei!r make or augm5t ! ,pi?4 ,& ?us !  
,root is fram'd1 & ! ,sk91 ! ,cortical &
 ,lign\s ,bodies1 s z is said1 !reunto  
concurr5t4 ,we %all next %ew ! use ( !  
two o!r ,p>ts1 sc4 ! ,ins]tm5t & ,pi?2 &
 fir/ ( ! ,pi?4  #bg4 4 ,,"o true use ( 
! ,pi? is = ! bett] ,advancem5t ( !     
,sap1 :]e( ,i %all speak 9 ! next       
,*apt]4 ,! use ,i "h obs]ve1 is = !     
quick] & high] ,f]m5tation ( ! ,sap3 ,= 
al?\gh ! ,f]m5tation made 9 ! ,cortical 
,body 0 well subs]vi5t to ! fir/        
,vegetations1 yet ^? m p]fect ones 9 !  
,trunk :i* aft] foll[1 require a ,body m
 adapt$ to x1 & t is ! ,pi?2 :i* is s   
necess>y1 z n to be only common to1 b   
consid]ably l>ge 9 ! ,roots ( mo/       
,plants2 if n 9 _! inf]i\r p>ts1 yet at 
_! tops4 ,:]e ?\gh ei!r d]iv'd or       
amplify'd f ! ,cortical ,body1 yet be+  
by its ,ins]tions only1 we may !re=e    

suppose1 z ^?1 s ?is1 to be m f9ely     
con/itut$4 ,& be+ also f its co>ctation1
 :ile ins]t$1 n[ free2 all its ,pores1  
^u ! supply ( ! ,sap1 w m or less be    
amplifi$3 ,^u :i* acc\nts1 ! ,sap !re9to
 receiv$1 w be m pure1 & its f]m5tation 
!re9 m active4 ,& z ! ,pi? is sup]i\r to
 ! ,cortical ,body by its ,con/itution1 
s by its ,place4 ,= z x ?us /&s c5tral1 
x ha? ! ,lign\s ,body surr\nd+ x4 ,n[ z 
! ,sk9 is ! ,f5ce ( ! ,cortical ,body1 &
 t ( ! ,lign\s2 s is ! ,lign\s aga9 a f>
 m prehem95t "o unto ! ,pi?2 ! ,sap be+ 
"h a brisk ,liquor1 tunn'd up z 9 a     
wood5 ,cask4  #bh4 4 ,& z ! ,pi?        
subs]ves ! high] ,f]m5tation ( ! ,sap2 s
 d ! ,ins]tions its pur] ,di/ribution2 t
 sep>ation :i* ! p>ts ( ! ,sap1 by be+  
f]m5t$ 9 ! ,pi?1 7 dispos'd =2 be+1 ^u  
its entrance into ! ,ins]tions1 n[ made3
 ,s t z ! ,sk9 is a ,filtre to !        
,cortical ,body1 s are ! ,ins]tions a m 
prehem95t "o to ! ,lign\s4 ,& z !y      
subs]ve ! pur]1 s ! fre] & suffici5t    
di/ribution ( ! ,sap3 ,= ! ,root enl>g+1

 & s ! ,lign\s ,body gr[+ ?ick]1 al?\gh 
! ,cortical & ! ,pi? might supply ,sap  
suffici5t to ! nutrition ( its ,p>ts    
next adjac5t to !m2 yet ^? m inw>d1 mu/ 
ne$s be scant$ ( _! ,alim5t2 & s1 if n q
 />v$1 yet be uncapable ( equal gr[?3   
,:]eas ! ,lign\s ,body be+ ?r\gh its    
:ole bread? frequ5tly disp>t$1 & !      
,cortical ,body ins]t$ ?r\gh x2 ! ,sap  
by ^? ,ins]tions1 z ! ,bl\d by !        
dissem9ations ( ! ,art]ies1 is freely & 
suffici5tly convey'd to its intimate    
,p>ts1 ev5 ^?1 :i* f ei!r ! ,b>que or f 
! ,pi?1 are mo/ remote4 ,la/ly1 z !     
consequ5t h]e(1 !y are ?us assi/ant to !
 ,latitud9al gr[? ( ! ,root2 z ! ,lign\s
 ,body to its gr[? 9 ,l5g?2 s ^!        
,ins]tions ( ! ,cortical1 to its bett]  
gr[? 9 ,bread?4  #bi4 4 ,hav+ ?us se5 ! 
solit>y uses ( ! ,sev]al ,p>ts ( !      
,root1 ,i %all la/ly prop\nd my         
,conjectures ( t ,design :]eto !y are   
altoge!r concurr5t1 & t is !            
,circulation ( ! ,sap4  #cj4 4 ,t ! ,sap
 ha? a ,d\ble1 & s a ,circul> ,motion1 9

 ! ,root2 is probable1 f ! prop] ,motion
 ( ! ,root1 & f its ,(fice4 ,f its      
,motion1 :i* is ,desc5t3 = :i*1 ! ,sap  
mu/ likewise1 "s :]e1 h su* a ,motion   
prop] to x4 ,f its ,(fice1 :i* is1 ,to  
fe$ ! ,trunk3 = :i*1 ! ,sap mu/ also1 9 
"s ,"p or o!r1 h a m especial ,motion ( 
,asc5t4  #ca4 4 ,we may !re=e suppose1  
,t ! ,sap mov+ 9 ! ,b>que1 t[>ds ! ,pi?1
 ?r\gh ! ,ins]tions1 !re9to obta9s a    
pass1 ,:i* passage1 ! upp] ,ins]tions w 
n fav\r2 because ! ,pi? /&+ 9 ! same    
height ) !m1 is !re l>ge1 ! f]m5t+ &    
c\rse ( ! ,sap quick1 & s its opposition
 /rong4 ,b ?r\gh ! l[] x w mu* m easily 
ent]2 because !re1 f ! smallness ( !    
,pi?1 ! opposition is little1 & f !     
%ortness ( ! ,ins]tions1 ! way m op54 ,s
 t ! ,sap "h meet+ ) ! lea/ opposition1 
"h x w be/[ x self 7fe$+ ! ,lign\s ,body
 9 its passage7 into ! ,pi?4 ,into :i*1 
fre% ,sap /ill entr+1 ?is be+ yet b     
crude1 w subside3 t fir/ receiv'd1 & s  
become a ,liquor high] wr\ght1 w m      
easily m\nt upw>ds4 ,& mov+ 9 ! ,pi?1   

especially 9 ! ,sap-,fib]s !re disp]s'd1
 z 9 ! ,art]ys1 9 equal altitude ) !    
upp]-,ins]tions2 ! mo/ volatile p>ts (  
all w /ill cont9ue _! direct asc5t t[>ds
 ! ,trunk4 ,b ^? ( a middle nature1 &1 z
 n apt to asc5d1 s be+ light] ?an ^?    
b5ea? !m1 n to desc5d nei!r2 !y w t5d f 
! ,pi? t[>ds ! ,ins]tions 9 a ,motion   
betwixt bo?4 ,?r\gh :i* ,ins]tions 7fe$+
 ! ,lign\s ,body 9 its passage7 x is1 by
 ! next subsequ5t ,sap1 dis*>g$ (f into 
! ,cortical ,body1 & s into !           
,sap-,fibres !mselves1 z into ! ,ve9s1  
back aga94 ,:]e91 be+ /ill pursu'd by   
fre% ,sap f ! ,c5t]1 & m occurr+ f !    
,circumf]5ce1 t[>ds ! l[] ,ins]tions1 x 
?us desc5ds4 ,?r\gh :i*1 toge!r ) "p ( !
 ,sap afre% imbib'd f ! ,e>?1 x re-ent]s
 ! ,pi?4 ,f :5ce1 into ! ,cortical      
,body1 & f !nce into ! ,pi?1 ! crud] "p 
!re(1 is reciprocally disburs'd2 :ile ! 
mo/ ,volatile1 n ne$+ ! help ( a        
,circulation1 m directly asc5de? t[>ds !
 ,trunk4                                
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                           

,( ! ,,trunk4   ,,hav+ ?us decl>'d !    
degrees ( ,vegetation 9 ! ,root2 !      
cont9uance h]e( 9 ! ,trunk %all next be 
%ew'd3 9 ord] to :i*1 ! ,p>ts :]e( ?is  
likewise is comp\nd$1 we %all fir/      
obs]ve4  #a4 4 ,t :i* )\t dissection    
%ews x self1 is ! ,co>cture3 ,i _c say (
 ! ,root1 nor ( ! ,trunk2 b :at ,i *oose
 "h to m5tion1 z /&+ betwixt !m1 & s be+
 common to !m bo?2 all _! ,p>ts be+ "h  
b\nd 9 clos] toge!r1 z 9 ! tops ( ! gr[n
 ,roots ( v _m ,plants1 is app>5t4  #b4 
4 ,( ! ,p>ts ( ! ,trunk1 ! fir/ occurr+ 
is its ,sk93 ,! ,=mation :]e(1 is n f ! 
,air1 b 9 ! ,se$1 f :5ce x is orig9at$2 
be+ ! production ( ! ,cuticle1 !re      
inve/+ ! two ,lobes & ,plume4  #c4 4 ,! 
next ,"p is ! ,cortical ,body2 :i* "h 9 
! ,trunk is no new sub/antial ,=mation2 
b1 z is t ( ! ,root1 orig9at$ f !       
,p>5*yma ( ! ,plume 9 ! ,se$2 & is only 
! increase & augm5tation !re(4  ,tab4   
#c4 f4 #a1  #d4  ,! ,sk91 ?is ,cortical 
,body or ,p>5*yma1 & 7= ! mo/ "p7 "s    
,fib]s ( ! ,lign\s mix$ h]e)1 altoge!r  

make ! ,b>que4  #d4 4 ,next1 ! ,lign\s  
,body1 :i*1 :e!r x be visibly divid$    
into _m s(t] ,fib]s or small ,?reads1 z 
9 ! ,bean1 ,f5nel1 & mo/ ,h]bs2  ,tab4  
#c4 f4 #a4  or t its ,p>ts /& m compact 
& close1 %ew+ "o h>d1 firm & solid      
piece1 z 9 ,trees2 x is1 9 all1 "o & !  
same ,body2 & t n =m$ orig9ally 9 !     
,trunk1 b 9 ! ,se$2 be+ no?+ else b !   
prolongation ( ! ,sem9al ,root di/ribut$
 9 ! ,lobes & ,plume !re(4  #e4 4       
,la/ly1 ,! ,ins]tions & ,pi? are "h     
orig9at$ likewise f ! ,plume1 z ! same 9
 ! ,root1 f ! ,radicle3 ,s t z to _!    
,sub/antial ,p>ts1 ! ,lobes ( ! ,se$1 ! 
,radicle & ,plume1 ! ,root & ,trunk are 
all "o4  #f4 4 ,yet "s ?+s are m fairly 
obs]vable 9 ! ,trunk4 ,fir/1 !          
,latitud9al %oot+s ( ! ,lign\s ,body1   
:i* 9 ,trunks ( sev]al ye>s gr[?1 are   
app>5t 9 s _m ,r+s1 z is commonly kn[n4 
,= sev]al "y ,fib]s ( ! ,lign\s ,body1  
,tab4 #c4 f4 #e1  #h4  z 9 ! ,root1 s   
"h1 %oot+ 9 ! ,cortical "o ye>1 & !     
spaces betwixt !m be+ aft] fill'd up ) m

 7,i ?9k n till7 ! next1 at l5g? !y     
become altoge!r a firm compact ,r+2 !   
,p]fection ( "o ,r+1 & ! ,gr\nd-"w (    
ano!r1 be+ ?us made concomitantly4  #g4 
4 ,f ^! ,annual y\ng] ,fib]s x is1 t    
al?\gh ! ,cortical ,body & ,pi? are bo? 
( ! same sub/antial nature1 & _! ,pores 
little diff]5t2 yet :]eas ! ,pi?1 :i* ! 
fir/ ye> is gre51 & ( all ! ,p>ts !     
fulle/ ( ,sap1 becomes aft]w>ds :ite &  
dry3 ,! ,cortical ,body1 on ! contr>y1 s
 long z ! ,tree gr[s1 ev] keepe? gre5 & 
moi/1 sc4 because ! said ,sap-,fib]s1   
annually gr[ !re91 & s communicate ) x4 
#h4 4 ,! ,pores likewise ( ! ,lign\s    
,body1 _m ( !m1 9 well-gr[n ,timb]1 z 9 
,oak5 bo>ds1 are v conspicu\s1 9 cutt+  
bo? l5g?wise & trav]se4 ,!y v seldom1 if
 ev]1 run "o into ano!r1 b keep1 l s _m 
sev]al ,vessels1 all along di/9ct2      
,tab4 #c4 f4 #b4  #c4  z by cutt+1 & s  
foll[+ any "o ( !m z f> z y please1 = a 
,foot or half a ,y>d1 or m toge!r1 may  
be obs]v'd4 ,& s1 ! l1 9 any ,cane4  #i4
 4 ,besides ^!1 !re are a less] sort2   

:i*1 by ! help only ( a good ,spectacle 
,glass may be obs]v'd4  #aj4 4 ,& ^! are
 all ! ,pores visible )\t a ,microscope4
 ,! use ( :i*1 except+ 9 "s few         
p>ticul>s1 ,i h purposely omitt$ 9 ?is  
fir/ ,book4  ,micrography4  ,mr4 ,hook  
%ewe? u1 besides ^!1 a ?ird1 & yet      
small] ,sort2 & 7z a confirmation ( :at1
 9 ! ,second ,*apt]1  ,c4 #b4 4 #h4  ,i 
h said ( ! ,pores ( ! ,lign\s ,body 9   
g5]al7 t !y are all cont9u\s & prolong$ 
by ! l5g? ( ! ,trunk1 z are ! great]    
ones3 :]e( he make? ,exp]im5t1 by fill+ 
up1 9 a piece ( ,*>-coal1 all ! said    
,pores ) ,m]cury2 :i* appe>s to pass q  
?r\gh !m1 9 t by a v good ,glass x is   
visible 9 _! ,orifices at bo? ends2 &   
)\t a ,glass1 by ! weight ( ! ,coal     
alone1 is also manife/4 ,all ^! ,i h    
se51 ) ! help ( a good ,microscope1 9   
sev]al sorts ( ,woods4  ,tab4 #c4 f4 #g4
  ,z !y all appe>e 9 a piece ( ,oak1 cut
 transv]sely1 ,see ,tab4 #c4  #aa4 4 ,^u
 fur!r ,enquiry1 ,i likewise f9d1 ,t !  
,pores ( ! ,lign\s ,body 9 ! ,trunks (  

,h]bs1 :i* at fir/ ,i only suppos$1 by !
 help ( good ,glasses1 are v fairly     
visible3 ea* ,fibre be+ sometimes p]=at$
 by #cj1 #ej1 #ajj1 or hundr$s ( ,pores4
 ,or :at ,i ?9k is ! true/ notion ( !m1 
,t ea* ,fibre1 ?\gh x seem to ! b>e eye 
to be b "o1 yet is1 inde$1 a great numb]
 ( ,fibres toge!r2 & e ,pore1 be+ n     
me]ly a space betwixt ! sev]al p>ts ( ! 
,wood1 b ! ,concave ( a ,fib]4 ,s t if x
 be ask$1 :at all t ,"p ( a ,plant1 ei!r
 ,h]b or ,tree1 :i* is prop]ly call$ !  
,woody-,"p2 :at all t is1 ,i suppose1 ,t
 x is no?+ else b a ,clu/] ( innum]able 
& mo/ extraord9>y small ,vessels or     
,concave ,fib]s3  ,tab4 #c4 f4 #f4  z 9 
a ,slice ( ! ,trunk ( ,burdock is       
app>5t4  #ab4 4 ,next ! ,ins]tions ( !  
,cortical ,body1 :i* 9 ! ,trunk ( a     
,tree saw'd a?w>t1 are pla9ly disc]n$ z 
!y run f ! ,circumf]5ce t[>d ! ,c5t]2 ! 
:ole ,body ( ! ,tree be+ visibly        
comp\nd$ ( two di/9ct ,sub/ances1 t ( ! 
sev]al ,r+s1 & t ( ! ,ins]tions1 runn+  
cross2 %ew+ t 9 "s resemblance 9 a      

,pla91  ,tab4 #c4 f4 #e4  #h4  :i* !    
,l9es ( ,latitude & ( ! ,m]idian d 9 a  
,globe4 ,! entrance ( ! ,ins]tions into 
! ,wood1 is also1 ^u /rip+ (f ! ,b>que1 
v app>5t2 z 9 ! same ,fig4 #h4  #ac4 4  
,^! ,ins]tions are likewise v conspicu\s
 9 ,saw+ ( ,trees l5g?-ways into ,bo>ds1
 & ^? pla9'd1 & wr\ght into ,leaves =   
,tables1 ,wa9scot1 ,tr5*]s1 & ! l4 ,9   
all :i*1 z 9 c\rse ,tr5*]s made ( ,bee*1
 & ,tables ( ,oak1 !re are _m p>ts :i* h
 a great] smoo?ness ?an ! re/2  ,tab4   
#c4 f4 #b4  ,tab4 #d4 f4 #a4  & are s _m
 ins]t$ ,pieces ( ! ,cortical ,body2 :i*
 be+ by ^? ( ! ,lign\s1 frequ5tly       
int]cept$1 seem to be discont9u\s1      
al?\gh 9 ! ,trunk !y are really ext5d$1 
9 cont9u$ ,plates1 ?r\gh\t its ,bread?4 
#ad4 4 ,^! ,ins]tions1 al?\gh z is said1
 ( a q di/9ct sub/ance f ! ,lign\s      
,body1 & s no :]e truly incorporat$ ) x1
 yet be+ !y are 9 all p>ts1 ! "o z !    
,w>p1 ! o!r z ! ,wo(1 mutually brac$ &  
int]wov5 toge!r1 !y ?us con/itute "o    
/rong & firmly coh]5t ,body2  ,tab4 #d4 

f4 #a4  z ! ,timb] ( any ,tree4  #ae4 4 
,z ! ,pores or ,vessels are great] or   
less1 s are ! ,ins]tions also3 ,to ! b>e
 eye usually ! great] only are          
disc]nable3 ,b ?r\gh an indiff]5t       
,microscope !re are o!rs also1 mu* m bo?
 num]\s & small1 di/9ctly app>5t1  ,tab4
 #c4 f4 #g4  z 9 a transv]se piece (    
,oak4  #af4 4 ,9 none ( all ! ,pores c  
we obs]ve any ?+ :i* may h ! true nature
 & use ( ,valves1 :i* is1 ,easily to    
admit t1 to :i* !y w by no means all[ a 
regress4 ,& _! nonexi/5ce is en\gh      
evid5t1 f :at 9 ! fir/ ,*apt]  ,c4 #a4 4
 #db4  we h said ( ! ,lobes ( ! ,se$3 9 
^: ,sem9al ,root1 7 !re any ,valves1 x  
c\ld n be1 t by a contr>y ,c\rse ( !    
,sap1 !y %\ld ev] gr[2 :i* yet1 :]e-ev] 
!y turn into ,dissimil> ,leaves1 !y d4  
,or if we consid] ! gr[? ( ! ,root1 :i* 
(t5times is upw>d & d[nw>d bo? at once4 
,& be+ cut transv]sely1 w ble$1 bo? !   
same ways1 ) equal fre$om4  #ag4 4 ,!   
,ins]tions "h 9 ! ,trunk give u likewise
 a sight ( ! position ( _! ,pores4 ,= 9 

a pla9$ piece ( ,oak1 z 9 ,wa9scot1     
,tables1 c4 besides ! l>g] ,pores ( !   
,lign\s ,body1 :i* run by ! l5g? ( !    
,trunk2  ,tab4 #c4 f4 #b4  ! ,tract     
likewise ( ^? ( ! ,ins]tions may be     
obs]v$ to be made by ! bread?1 & s      
directly cross4 ,nor are !y cont9u\s z  
^? ( ! ,lign\s ,body1 b v %ort1 z ^? bo?
 ( ! ,cortical ,body & ,pi?1 ) :i* !    
,ins]tions1 z to _! sub/ance1 are       
cong5]\s4 ,yet !y all /& s toge!r1 z to 
be pla9ly rank$ 9 ev5 ,l9es or ,r[s     
?r\gh\t ! bread? ( ! ,trunk3 ,z ! ,tract
 ( ^? ,pores appe>s to ! nak$ ,eye1 see 
9 ,tab4 #c4 ,fig4 #i4 ,! ,pores !mselves
 may be se5 9 ! ,root ( a ,v9e describ$ 
& figur$ 9 ! ,second ,book1 z x appe>s  
?r\gh a good ,microscope4  ,tab4 #ag4   
#ah4 4 ,! ,pores ( ! ,pi? likewise be+  
l>g] "h 9 ! ,trunk1 are bett] obs]vable 
?an 9 ! ,root3 ! wid? :]e(1 9 comp>ison 
) _! ,sides s exquisitely ?91 may by an 
,hony-,comb be grosly exemplifi$2 & is t
 also :i* ! va/ disproportion betwixt ! 
,bulk & ,weight ( a dry ,pi? do? en\gh  

decl>e4 ,9 ! ,trunks ( "s ,plants1 !y   
are s ample & transp>5t1 t 9 cutt+ bo?  
by ! l5g? & bread? ( ! ,pi?1 "s ( !m    
?r\gh ! transp>5cy ( ! ,sk9s by :i* !y  
are b\nd$1 or ( :i* !y consi/1 w\ld seem
 to be consid]ably ext5d$ by ! l5g? ( ! 
,pi?2 b are really discont9u\s & %ort1 &
 z 'tis said1 some:at answ]able to !    
,cells ( an ,hony-,comb4 ,?is is ! ne>e/
 we c come to !m1 by ! b>e ,eye )\t !   
assi/ance ( a good ,microscope4 ,mr4    
,hook %ewe? 9 8 ,micrography1 ,t !      
,pores ( ! ,pi?1 p>ticul>ly (           
,eld]-,pi?1 s f> z !y are visible1 are  
all alike discont9u\s2 & t ! ,pi? is    
no?+ else b 7z he calls !m7 an heap (   
,bubbles4 ,al?\gh1 9 reg>d !y are n     
fluid1 b fix$ ,p>ts1 ,i %all *oose r to 
call !m1 ,bladd]s4 ,z !y appe> ?r\gh a  
good ,glass1 9 a piece ( ,burdock1 ,see 
9 ,tab4 #c4  ,tab4 #c4 f4 #f4  ,b a m   
p>ticul> ,description ( ! ,sizes1       
,figures1 & admirable ,textures h]e(1 ,i
 h giv5 9 sev]al places 9 ! foll[+      
,books4  #ai4 4 ,besides :at ?is        

,obs]vation in=ms u ( "h1 x f>!r        
confirms :at 9 ! ,second ,*apt]  ,c4 #b4
 4 #c1 #af1 #ag4  we h said ( ! ,orig9al
 ( ! ,pi? & ,cortical ,body1 & ( !      
sam5ess ( bo? _! natures ) ! ,p>5*yma ( 
! ,se$3 :i* is no?+ else b a ,mass (    
,bladd]s2  ,c4 #a4 4 #ah4  ,tab4 #a4 f4 
#i4  z 9 ! ,fir/ ,*apt] ha? be5 said4   
#bj4 4 ,9 ! ,pi?s ( _m ,plants1 ! great]
 ,pores or ,bladd]s h "s ( !m less] ones
 )9 !m1 & "s ( !m are divid$ ) cross    
,membranes3 ,& betwixt _! sev]al sides1 
h1 ,i ?9k1 o!r small] ,bladd]s visibly  
int]ject$4 ,h[ev]1 t !y are all         
p]meable1 is mo/ c]ta94 ,!y /& toge!r n 
confus$ly1 b 9 ev5 ,ranks or ,tra9s2 z  
^? ( ! ,ins]tions by ! bread?1 s ^! by !
 l5g? ( ! ,trunk4 ,& ?us f> !re is a    
g5]al correspond+ betwixt ! p>ts ( !    
,root & ,trunk4 ,yet are !re "s         
consid]able ,disp>ities betwixt !m2     
:]e91 & h[ !y come to pass1 & to :at    
especial ,use & ,end1 %all next be said4
    ,an ,acc\nt ( ! ,gr[? ( ! ,trunk4   
#ba4 4 ,,we ,,say !n1 t ! ,sap be+ 9 !  

,root by ,filtrations1 ,f]m5tations 7& 9
 :at ,roots ne$ful1 p]haps by           
,circulation also7 duly prep>'d2 ! prime
 "p !re( pass+ ?r\gh ! int]m$iate       
,co>cture1 9 due mod]ation & purity is  
ent]ta9'd at la/ into ! ,trunk4 ,& !    
,sap ( ! ,trunk be+ pur] & m volatile1 &
 s x self apt to asc5d2 ! motion ( !    
,trunk likewise w be m noble1 receiv+ a 
disposition & t5d5cy to asc5d !re)4 ,&  
:at by ! ,sap ! ,trunk is 9 "p dipos'd  
to1 by ! respective position & quantity 
( its ,p>ts x is effectually enabl$4 ,= 
:]eas 9 ! ,root ! ,lign\s ,body be+ 9   
proportion ) ! ,cortical1 b little1 &   
all ly+ close )9 its ,c5t]2 x mu/ !re=e 
ne$s be "u its contr\l3 on ! contr>y1   
be+ "h comp>atively ( great] quantity1 &
 also m dilat$1 & hav+ div]s ( its      
,bran*es /&+ m abroad t[>ds !           
,circumf]5ce1 z bo? 9 ! ,leaves & ,body 
( ! "y ,trunk & ,plume1 is se52 x w 9   
its own magnetical t5d5cy to asc5d1     
r$uce ! ,cortical ,body to a compliance 
) x4  #bb4 4 ,& ! ,trunk ?us /&+ f "u ! 

re/ra9t ( ! ,gr\nd 9 ! op5 ,air1 !      
disposition ( its ,p>ts1 orig9ally      
diff]5t f t ( ! ,p>ts 9 ! ,root1 w n    
only be cont9u$1 b improv$4 ,= by ! =ce 
& pressure ( ! ,sap 9 its collat]al     
,motion1 ! ,lign\s ,body w n[ m freely &
 f>!r be dilat$4 ,& ?is be+ dilat$1 !   
,cortical ,body also1 mu/ ne$s be       
ins]t$2 & is !re=e 9 proportion always1 
m or less1 small] "h 9 ! ,trunk1 ?an 9 !
 ,root4 ,& z ! ,cortical ,body less5s1 s
 ! ,pi? w be enl>g$1 & by ! same        
proportion is "h great]4 ,& ! ,pi? be+  
enl>g$ x self1 its ,pores 7! ,lign\s    
,body1 ^u its dilatation1 z x 7 t5t]+ & 
/ret*+ out all _! sides7 mu/ ne$s       
likewise be enl>g$ ) x2 & accord+ly1 are
 ev] great] 9 ! ,pi? ( ! ,trunk1 ?an ( !
 ,root4 ,& ! dilatation ( ! ,lign\s     
,body /ill cont9u$1 x foll[s1 t :]eas ! 
,pi? desc5d5t 9 ! ,root1 is n only 9    
proportion less & less1 b also 9 !      
small] extremities !re(1 & sometimes    
high]1 altoge!r abs5t3 ,contr>iwise1 9 !
 ,trunk1 x is n only cont9u$ to its top 

& smalle/ ,twigs1 b also !re1 9         
proportion1 equally ample ) :at x is 9  
any o!r inf]i\r "p4  #bc4 4 ,b al?\gh ! 
op5ness ( ! ,a] p]mitt+1 be always      
alike2 yet ! ,en]gy ( ! ,sap effect+1   
be+ diff]5t2 z !re=e t do?1 ! dilatation
 ( ! ,trunk1 w also v>y4 ,if t be less1 
s is ?is2 z 9 ! ,trunks ( mo/ ,trees3   
,if t be great]1 s ?is2 z 9 ,h]bs is    
common2 ! ,lign\s ,body be+ usually s f>
 dilat$1 t ! utmo/ ,%oot+s !re( may     
easily be se5 to jut out1 & adjoyn to ! 
,sk94 ,& if ! ,sap be /ill ( great]     
en]gy1 x s f> dilates ! ,lign\s ,body1 z
 n only to amplifie ! ,pi? & all its    
,pores2 b also s f> to /ret* !m out1 z  
to make !m te>4 ,:]eupon ei!r runn+ aga9
 into ! ,cortical ,body1 or %r9k+ up    
t[>ds x1 ! ,trunk ?us sometimes becomes 
an holl[ ,/alk1 ! ,pi? be+ :olly1 or 9  
"p void$4 ,b g5]ally x keeps entire2 &  
:]e x do?1 ! same proportion & respect  
to ! ,lign\s & ,cortical ,bodies1 z is  
said4 ,! ,consequ5ces ( all :i* w be1 ! 
,/r5g? ( ! ,trunk1 ! ,security & ,pl5ty 

( ! ,sap1 its ,f]m5tation w be quick]1  
its ,di/ribution m effectual1 & its     
,advancem5t m suffici5t4  #bd4 4 ,fir/1 
! ,erect ,gr[? & ,/r5g? ( ! ,trunk2 ?is 
be+1 by ! position ( its sev]al ,p>ts1  
effect$3 = besides ! sl5d]+ ( ! ,trunk  
/ill t[>ds ! top1 ! ,circumf]5tial      
position ( ! ,lign\s ,body1 likewise is1
 & t em95tly1 h]eunto subs]vi5t4 ,s t z 
! ,lign\s ,body1 9 ! small] p>ts1 ( !   
,root /&+ ,c5tral1 we may !nce conceive 
& see _! pliabl5ess to any oblique      
motion2 s "h1 on ! contr>y1 ! ,lign\s   
,body /&+ wide1 x ?us becomes ! ,/r5g? (
 ! ,trunk1 & mo/ advantage\s to its     
,p]p5dicul> ,gr[?4 ,we see ! same       
,design 9 ,bones & ,fea!rs3 ,! /ronge/  
,bones1 z ^? 9 ! ,legs1 are holl[4 ,n[  
%\ld we suppose ! same ,bone1 to be     
contract$ into a ,solid2 al?\gh n[ x    
w\ld be no heavi]1 & 9 t respect1 z apt 
= motion2 yet w\ld x h f> less /r5g?1   
?an z its ,p>ts are dilat$ to a         
,circumf]5tial po/ure4 ,& s = ,quills1  
:i*1 = ! same ,reasons1 9 subs]vi5cy to 

fly+1 z !y are exce$+ light2 ,s1 9      
comp>ison ) ! ?9ness ( _! ,sides1 !y are
 v /rong1 & mu* less apt to b5d1 ?an if 
contract$ into a ,solid ,cyl9d]4 ,we see
 x n only 9 ,nature1 b ,art4 ,= h5ce x  
is1 t ,joyn]s & ,c>p5t]s unite & set    
toge!r _! ,timb]-pieces & sev]al ,works 
(t5times ) d\ble ,joynts2 :i*1 al?\gh !y
 are no ?ick]1 ?an a s+le "o might be   
made2 yet /&+ at a di/ance1 h a great]  
/r5g? ?an ,t c\ld h4 ,& ! same          
,ar*itecture1 w h ! same use1 9 !       
,trunks ( ,plants2 9 mo/ :]e( 'tis v    
app>5t2 z = in/ance1 9 ,corn4 ,= ,nature
 design+ its ,sap a great ,asc5t2 = its 
high] maturity1 ha? giv5 x a tall       
,trunk3 ,b to prev5t its rav5\s despoil+
 ei!r ( ! ,e>1 or ,soyl2 al?\gh x be    
tall1 yet are its sides b ?93 ,& because
 aga91 x %\ld gr[ n only tall &         
?riftily1 b = avoid+ propp+ up1 /rongly 
too2 !re=e1 ! same proportion z its     
heig? be>s1 to ! ?9ness ( its sides1 do?
 ! greatness ( its ,circumf]5ce also2   
be+ s f> dilat$ z to p>allel a ,quil x  

self4  #be4 4 ,besides ! position ( !   
,lign\s ,body )9 ! compass ( a ,r+1 !re 
are "s ,%oot+s !re(1 (t5 /&+ beyond !   
,circumf]5ce ( ! said ,r+1 mak+         
sometimes a triangul>1 (tn] a           
quadrangul> ,body ( ! ,trunk4 ,to ! end1
 t ! ,r+1 be+ b ?91 & n self-suffici5t1 
^!1 l ,spl9t]s to ,bones1 might add     
/r5g? & /ability to x4  #bf4 4 ,next1 ! 
security & pl5ty ( ! ,sap4 ,= %\ld !    
,lign\s ,body1 z x do? 9 ! small] ,p>ts 
( ! ,root1 /& ,c5tral "h also1 & s !    
,cortical :olly surr\nd x3 ! great] "p (
 ! ,sap w\ld ?us be m imm$iately expos'd
 to ! ,sun & ,a]2 & be+ lodg$ 9 a laxe  
,body1 by !m cont9ually be prey'd ^u1 & 
z fa/ z suppli$ to ! ,trunk1 be exhau/$4
 ,:]eas1 ! ,pi? /&+ 9 ! ,c5t]1 ! ,sap   
!re9 be+ n only mo/ remote f ! ,a] &    
,sun1 b by ! ,b>que1 & especially !     
,wood1 be+ also surr\nd$ & d\bly        
immur'd1 w v securely & copi\sly be     
convey'd to all ! ,collat]al ,p>ts1 & 7z
 %all be said h[7 ! top ( ! ,trunk4     
#bg4 4 ,& ! ,sap by ! amplitude1 & great

 porosity ( ! ,pi?1 be+ h]e9 m copi\s1  
its ,f]m5tation also w be quick]2 :i* we
 see 9 all ,liquors1 by /&+ 9 a great]  
quantity toge!r1 proce$s m k9dly3 ,& be+
 tun'd up )9 ! ,wood1 is at ! same "t n 
only secur'd f loss1 b all extream      
mutations2 ! ,day be+ ?us1 n too hot2   
nor ! ,night1 too cold = x4  #bh4 4 ,& !
 ,f]m5tation h]e( be+ quick]1 its motion
 also w be /rong]1 & its ,di/ribution m 
effectual1 n only to ! dilatation ( !   
,trunk1 b likewise ! %oot+ out ( !      
,bran*es4 ,:5ce x is1 t 9 ! ,bodies (   
,trees1 ! ,b>que ( x self1 ?\gh x be    
,sappy1 & _m ,fibres ( ! ,lign\s ,body  
mix$ ) x1 yet seldom s5de? =? any2 & t 9
 ,h]bs1 ^? ) ! lea/ ,pi? 7o!r advantages
 n supply+ ?is defect7 h ! fewe/ or     
smalle/ ,bran*es1 or o!r collat]al      
,gr[?s3 & t ,corn1 :i* ha? no ,pi?1 ha? 
nei!r any ,bran*es4  #bi4 4 ,la/ly1 !   
,advancem5t ( ! ,sap w h5ce also be m   
ready & suffici5t4 ,= ! und]/&+ :]e1 &  
h[1 we suppose1 ,t 9 all ,trunks        
:atsoev] !re are two ,p>ts joyntly      

h]eunto subs]vi5t4 ,9 "s1 ! ,lign\s     
,body & ! ,cortical1 z 9 old] ,trunks2 !
 ,pi? be+ ei!r exclud$1 or dri$3 ,b 9   
mo/1 pr9cipally1 ! ,lign\s ,body & ,pi?2
 z 9 mo/ ,annual ,gr[?s ( ,trees2 b     
especially ,h]bs1 :]e ! ,cortical ,body 
is usually mu* & (t5 :olly ,ins]t$4     
#cj4 4 ,( ! ,lign\s ,body x is s app>5t 
by its ,pores1 or r by its ,vessels1 t  
we ne$ no f>!r ,evid5ce4 ,= to :at end  
are ,vessels1 b = ! conveyance (        
,liquor8 ,& is t also1 :i* ^u cutt+ ! "y
 ,bran* ( a ,sappy ,tree or ,h]b1 by an 
accurate & /eady view may be obs]v$4 ,b 
:5 ,i say ! ,vessels ( ! ,lign\s ,body1 
,i mean pr9cipally !m ( ! y\ng] %oot+s1 
bo? ^? :i* make ! new ,r+1 & ^? :i* are 
mix$ ) ! ,cortical ,body 9 ! ,b>que3 t  
:i* asc5de? by ! ,pores or ,vessels ( ! 
,wood1 be+ probably1 because 9 less     
quantity1 m 9 =m ( a ,vap\r1 ?an a      
,liquor4 ,yet t :i* dr5*+ into ! sides (
 its ,pores1 is ) all !reunto suffici5t 
,alim5t2 z we see ,orp9e1 ,onions1 c4   
only /&+ 9 a moy/] ,a] w (t5 gr[4 ,& be+

 likewise 9 "p suppli$ by ! ,ins]tions f
 ! y\ng] ,%oots3 ,b especially because z
 x is b little1 s 7consid]$ z ,alim5t7 x
 s]ve? only = ! gr[? ( ! ,wood1 & no m2 
:]eas1 ! m copi\s ,alim5t asc5d5t by !  
y\ng] ,%oots1 subs]ves n only _! own    
gr[?1 b ! g5]ation ( o!rs2 & is besides 
) t 9 ! ,cortical ,body ! ,f\nta9 (     
,p]spirations1 :i* we "k ev5 9 ,animals 
are mu* m abundant ?an ! ,nutritive     
,p>ts2 & d\btless 9 a ,vegetable are    
/ill mu* m4  #ca4 4 ,b ^! ,pores1 al?\gh
 !y are a free & op5 way to ! asc5d+    
,sap2 yet t me] ,pores or ,vessels %\ld 
be able ( !mselves to advance ! ,sap ) t
 spe$1 /r5g? & pl5ty1 & to t height1 z  
is necess>y1 _c probably be suppos$4 ,x 
foll[s !n1 t h]e9 we mu/ grant ! ,pi? a 
joynt s]vice4 ,& :y else is ! ,pi? 9 all
 ,primitive ,gr[?s ! mo/ ,sappy "p1 :y  
ha? x s great a /ock ( ,sap1 if n1 aft] 
due maturation )9 x self1 /ill to be    
disburs$ into ! ,fibres ( ! ,lign\s     
,body8 ,:y are ! ,annual ,gr[?s ( all   
bo? ,h]bs & ,trees1 ) great ,pi?s1 !    

quicke/ & ! longe/8 ,b h[ are ! ,pores  
or ,bladd]s ( ! ,pi? p]meable8 ,t !y are
 s1 bo? f _! be+ capable ( a repletion )
 ,sap1 & ( be+ aga9 :olly empti$ ( x1 & 
aga91 in/ead !re( fill'd ) ,a]1 is z    
c]ta9 z t !y are ,pores4 ,t !y are      
p]meable1 by ! bread?1 appe>s f !       
dilatation ( ! ,lign\s ,body1 & f !     
production ( ,bran*es1 z ha? be51 & %all
 h]eaft] be said4 ,& h[ else is !re a   
,communion betwixt ,?is & ! ,cortical   
,body8 ,t !y are s also1 by ! l5g?1 is  
probable1 because by ! be/ ,microscope  
we _c yet obs]ve1 t !y are visibly m op5
 by ! bread?1 ?an by ! l5g?4 ,& )all are
 rank$ by ! l5g?1 z ^? ( ! ,ins]tions by
 ! bread? ( ! ,trunk4 ,b if y set a     
piece ( dry ,eld]-,pi? 9 "s t+$ ,liquor1
 :y !n do? x n p5etrate ! ,pores1 s z to
 asc5d ?r\gh ! ,body ( ! ,pi?8 ,! pla9  
reason is1 because !y are all fill'd )  
,a]4 ,:]eas ! ,pi? 9 a ,vegetat+ ,plant1
 z its ,p>ts or ,bladd]s are /ill       
g5]at$1 !y are at ! same "t also fill'd 
) ,sap2 :i*1 z 'tis gradually sp5t1 is  

/ill repair$ by m succe$+1 & s ! ,a]    
/ill kept out2 z 9 all ,primitive       
,gr[?s1 & ! ,pi? ( ,eld] x self3 ,yet ! 
same ,pi?1 by reason ( ! foll[+ ,w9t]1  
want+ a m copi\s & quick supply ( ,sap1 
?us once become1 ev] aft] keeps dry4 ,& 
s9ce 9 ! a=esaid ,trial ! ,liquor only  
asc5ds by ! sides ( ! ,pi?1 t is ( its  
brok5 ,bladd]1 we %\ld !nce by ! same   
reason conclude t !y are n p5etrable by 
! bread? nei!r1 & s no way2 & !n x ne$ n
 be ask'd :at w\ld foll[4 ,b c]ta9ly !  
,sap 9 ! ,bladd]s ( ! ,pi? is dis*>g$ & 
repair$ e mom5t1 z by its %riv'l+ up1 ^u
 cutt+ ! ,plant1 is evid5t4  #cb4 4 ,we 
suppose !n1 t z ! ,sap asc5de? into !   
,trunk by ! ,lign\s ,body1 s p>tly also 
by ! ,pi?4 ,= a piece ( ,cotton ) "o end
 imm]s'd 9 "s t+$ ,liquor1 & ) ! o!r    
erect above1 ?\gh x w n imbibe ! ,liquor
 s f> z to ov]-run at ! top1 yet s z to 
advance t[>ds x1 x w4 ,s "h1 ! ,pi?1 be+
 a por\s & spongy ,body1 & 9 its        
,vegetat+ /ate1 its ,pores or ,bladd]s  
be+ also p]meable1 z a curi\s ,filtre ( 

,natures own contrivance1 x ?us         
advance?1 or z p use to say1 sucks up ! 
,sap4 ,yet z x is se5 ( ! ,liquor 9 !   
,cotton2 s likewise are we to suppose x 
( ! ,sap 9 ! ,pi?2 t ?\gh x rise? up =  
"s way1 yet is _! "s t]m1 beyond :i* x  
rise? n1 & t[>ds :i* ! motion ( ! asc5d+
 ,sap is m & m brok51 weak & sl[1 & s ! 
quantity !re( less & less4 ,b because ! 
,sap move? n only by ! l5g?1 b bread? ( 
! ,pi?2 at ! same "t !re=e z x p>tly    
asc5de? by ! ,pi?1 x is likewise 9 "p   
press$ into ! ,lign\s ,body or into its 
,pores4 ,& s9ce ! motion ( ! ,sap by !  
bread? ( ! ,pi? n be+ f> cont9u$1 & b   
collat]al1 is m prone & easie1 ?an !    
p]p5dicul>1 or by its l5g?2 x !re=e     
foll[s1 t ! collat]al motion ( ! ,sap1  
at su* a height or "p ( ! ,pi?1 w be    
equally /rong ) ! p]p5dicul> at ano!r   
"p1 ?\gh some:at b5ea? x2 & t :]e !     
p]p5dicul> is m brok5 & weak1 !         
collat]al w be less2 & consequ5tly :]e !
 p]p5dicul> t5d5cy ( ! ,sap ha? its t]m1
 ! collat]al t5d5cy !re(1 & s its       

pressure into ! ,pores or ,vessels ( !  
,lign\s ,body1 w /ill cont9ue4 ,?r\gh   
:i*1 9 t !y are small1 & s _! sides     
almo/ contigu\s1 ! ,sap z fa/ z press$  
into !m w easily run up2 z 9 v small    
,glasse ,pipes1 or betwixt ! two halves 
( a ,/ick fir/ slit1 & !n ty$ some:at   
loosely toge!r1 may also any ,liquor be 
obs]v$ to d4 ,by :i* ,advantage !       
facility & /r5g? ( t asc5t w be cont9u$ 
high] 9 ! said ,vessels1 ?an 9 ! ,pi?4  
,yet s9ce ?is also1 z well z t 9 ! ,pi? 
w h its t]m2 ! ,sap1 al?\gh got ?us f>1 
w\ld at la/ be /agnant1 or at lea/ its  
asc5t be v sp>+1 sl[ & feeble1 if n "s  
way or o!r re-in=c$4 ,:]e=e1 z ! ,sap   
mov+ by ! bread? ( ! ,pi?1 presse? !nce 
into ! ,vessels ( ! ,lign\s ,body2 s    
hav+ well fill'd ^!1 is 9 "p by ! same  
,collat]al motion disburs$ back1 into a 
yet high] ,region ( ! ,pi?4 ,by :i*     
p>tly1 & p>tly1 by t portion ( ! ,sap1  
:i* 9 its p]p5dicul> asc5t 0 be=e lodg$ 
!re92 'tis ?us "h1 z 9 any inf]i\r place
 equally repl5i%$4 ,:]eupon ! =ce &     

vig\r ( ! p]p5dicul> motion ( ! ,sap    
h]e91 w likewise be r5ew'd2 & s its     
,collat]al motion also1 & s its pressure
 into ! ,vessels ( ! ,lign\s ,body1 &   
consequ5tly its asc5t !re93 & s by a    
pressure1 f ^! into ! ,pi?1 & f ! ,pi?  
into ^!1 reciprocally c>ri$ on2 a mo/   
ready & copi\s asc5t ( ! ,sap w be      
cont9u$1 f ! bottom to ! top1 ?\gh ( !  
highe/ ,tree4                           
,an ,app5dix4                       ,(  
,trunk-,roots & ,clasp]s4   ,,! di/9ct  
,p>ts :]e( ^! are compos$1 are ! same ) 
^? ( ! ,trunk1 & b ! cont9uation ( !m4  
#a4 4 ,trunk-,roots are ( two k9ds3 ,( !
 "o1 are ^? t vegetate by a direct      
desc5t3 ,! place ( _! ,eruption is      
sometimes all along ! ,trunk2 z 9 ,m9t1 
c4 ,sometimes only at its utmo/ po9t1 z 
9 ! ,bramble4  #b4 4 ,! o!r sort are su*
 z nei!r asc5d nor desc5d1 b %oot =? at 
"r ,angles ) ! ,trunk2 :i* !re=e1 ?\gh z
 to _! ,(fice1 !y are true ,roots1 yet z
 to _! ,nature1 !y are a ,middle ,?+    
betwixt a ,root & a ,trunk4  #c4 4      

,clasp]s1 ?\gh !y are b ( "o k9d1 yet _!
 ,nature is d\ble2 n a mean betwixit t (
 ! ,root & t ( ! ,trunk1 b a comp\nd (  
bo?2 z 9 _! ,circumvolutions1 :]e9 !y   
(t5 mutually asc5d & desc5d1 is se54    
#d4 4 ,! use ( ^! ,p>ts may be obs]v$ z 
! ,trunk ,m\nts1 or z x ,trails4 ,9 !   
m\nt+ ( ! ,trunk1 !y are = ,support &   
,supply4 ,= ,support1 we see ! ,clasp]s 
( ,v9es3 ! ,bran*es :]e( be+ v long1    
fragile & sl5d]2 unless by _! ,clasp]s1 
!y 7 mutually conta9'd toge!r1 !y mu/   
ne$s by _! own weight1 & t ( _! ,fruit1 
undec5tly fall2 & be also liable to     
frequ5t break+4 ,s t ! :ole c>e is      
divid$ betwixt ! ,g>d5] & ,nature2 !    
,g>d5]1 ) 8 ,ligam5ts ( ,lea!r1 secures 
! ma9 ,bran*es2 & ,nature1 ) ^! ( h] own
 f9d+1 secures ! ,less4 ,_! ,conv5i5cy  
to :i* end1 is se5 9 _!                 
,circumvolutions1 a motion1 n prop] to  
any o!r ,"p3 ,z also 9 _! t\ghness1 ?\gh
 mu* m sl5d] ?an ! ,bran*es :]eon !y are
 app5d5t4  #e4 4 ,! ,clasp]s ( ,bryony h
 a retrograde motion ab\t e ,?ird       

,circle1 to ! =m a ,d\blet-,clasp4      
,probably = ! m c]ta9 hold2 :i*1 if x   
miss "o way1 x may be sure to take      
ano!r4  #f4 4 ,= ,supply1 we see !      
,trunk-,roots ( ,ivy4 ,= m\nt+ v high1 &
 be+ ( a clos] or m compact ,sub/ance   
?an t ( a ,v9e2 ! ,sap c\ld n be        
suffici5tly suppli$ to ! upp] ,spr\ts1  
unless ^!1 to ! ,"m-,root1 7 joyntly    
assi/ant4 ,yet s]ve !y = support        
likewise2 :5ce !y %oot out1 n z 9       
,cresses1 ,brook-lime1 c4 reciprocally  
on ea* side1 b commonly1 all on "o2 t s 
!y may be fa/n$ at ! ne>e/ h&4  #g4 4 ,9
 ! ,trail+ ( ! ,trunk1 !y s]ve =        
/abilim5t1 propagation & %ade4 ,=       
/abilim5t1 ! ,clasp]s ( ,cucumb]s are ( 
good use4 ,= ! ,trunk & ,bran*es be+    
long & fragile1 ! ,bru%es ( ! ,w9ds w\ld
 injuri\sly hoise !m to & fro1 to !     
dammage bo? ( !mselves & _! t5d]        
,fruits1 7 !y n by ^! ,ligam5ts br\ght  
to good ,association & ,settlem5t4  #h4 
4 ,z = ?is end1 s = ,propagation1 !     
,trunk-,roots ( ,*ammile d well s]ve4   

,:5ce we h ! reason ( ! common          
obs]vation1 t x gr[s bett] by be+ trod  
^u3 ! ,m\ld1 :]e too laxe1 be+ ?us made 
to lie m conv5i5tly ab\t ! said         
,trunk-,roots newly b$d$ !re92 & is t   
:i* is sometimes also effect$ 9 ,r[l+ ( 
,corn4  #i4 4 ,= bo? ^! ends1 ,s]ve !   
,trunk-,roots ( ,/rawb]ries2 z also =   
%ade2 = 9 t all ,/rawb]ries delight2 &  
by ! trail+ ( ! ,plant is well obta9'd4 
,s t z we are wont to tangle ! ,twigs ( 
,trees toge!r to make an ,arb\r         
,artificial2 ! same is "h done to make a
 ,natural "o3 z likewise by ! ,clasp]s (
 ,cucumb]s4 ,= ! ,bran*es ( ! "o by !   
,l9k+ ( _! ,clasp]s1 & ( ! o!r by !     
,te!r+ ( _! ,trunk-,roots1 be+ c\*$     
toge!r2 _! t5d] ,fruits ?us lie "u !    
,umbrage ( a ,b[] made ( _! own ,leaves4
                                        
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                     ,( !   
,,g]m51 ,,bran*1 & ,,leaf4   ,,! ,p>ts (
 ! ,g]m5 & ,bran*1 are ! same ) ^? ( !  
,trunk2 ! same ,sk91 ,cortical & ,lign\s
 ,bodies1 ,ins]tm5t & ,pi?1 h]e9to      

propagat$1 & di/9ctly obs]vable h]e94   
#b4 4 ,= ^u ,enquiry into ! ,orig9al ( a
 ,bran* or ,g]m51 x appe>s1 ,t x is n f 
! ,sup]ficies ( ! ,trunk2 b s deep1 z to
 take1 ) ! ,cortical1 ! ,lign\s ,body   
into x self3 & t1 n only f its          
,circumf]5ce1 b f its ,inn] or ,c5tral  
,p>ts2 ,s z to take ! ,pi? 9 also4      
,div]s ( :i* ,p>ts may commonly be se5  
to %oot out into ! ,pi?2 f :i* ,%oots1 !
 surr\nd+ & m sup]i\r ,g]m5s are        
orig9at$2 9 l mann] z ! ,succul5t ,"p ( 
! ,lign\s ,body ( ! ,trunk is sometimes 
pr9cipally f ^? ,fibr\s ,%oots :i* run  
along ! ,pi? 9 ! ,root4  #c4 4 ,! mann] 
:]e9 usually ! ,g]m5 & ,bran* are       
fram'd1 is briefly ?us3 ,! ,sap 7z is   
said1 ,*ap4 #c47 m\nt+ 9 ! ,trunk1 w n  
only by its l5g?1 b by its bread? also1 
?r\gh ! ,ins]tions p>tly move4 ,yet1 its
 ,p>ticles be+ n all alike qualifi$1 9  
diff]5t degrees4 ,"s are m gross &      
sluggi%2 ( :i* we h ! =mation ( a       
,circle ( ,wood only1 or ( an ,annual   
,r+4 ,o!rs are m brisk2 & by ^!1 we h ! 

,g]m5 propagat$4 ,= by ! vig\r ( _! own 
motion f ! ,c5t]1 !y impress an equal   
t5d5cy on "s ( ! inn] ,portions ( !     
,lign\s ,body next adjac5t to ! ,pi?1 to
 move ) !m4 ,& s9ce ! ,lign\s ,body is n
 entire1 b frequ5tly disp>t$2 ?r\gh ^!  
,disp>tm5ts1 ! said int]i\r ,portions1  
^u _! ,nutrition1 actually %oot2 n only 
t[>ds ! ,circumf]5ce1 s z to make "p ( a
 ,r+2 b ev5 beyond x1 9 ord] to !       
production ( a ,g]m54 ,& ! ,lign\s ,body
 ?us mov+1 & c>ry+ ! ,cortical along )  
x2 !y bo? make a =ce ^u ! ,sk94 ,yet _! 
motion be+ mo/ ev5 & gradual1 t =ce is  
su* likewise2 n to cause ! lea/ brea* ( 
its p>ts1 b g5tly to c>ry x on )        
!mselves2 & s p>tly1 by ! ext5sion ( its
 already exi/5t p>ts1 z ( ^? ( ,gold 9  
draw+ ( ,guild$ ,wy]2 & p>tly1 by !     
accretion ( new ones1 z 9 ! enl>g+ ( a  
,bubble above ! ,surface ( ! ,wat]2 x is
 ext5d$ ) !m to _! utmo/ gr[?4 ,9 :i*   
gr[?1 ! ,g]m5 be+ prolong$1 & s display+
 its sev]al p>ts1 z :5 a ,prospective or
 ,telescope is drawn out1 ?us becomes a 

,bran*4  #d4 4 ,! same way z !          
propagation ( ! ,p>ts ( a ,g]m5 is      
contriv'd1 is its due nutrition also4 ,=
 be+ orig9at$ f ! inn] "p ( ! ,lign\s   
,body1 'tis n\ri%$ ) ! be/ f]m5t$ ,sap 9
 ! ,trunk1 sc4 t next adjac5t to x 9 !  
,pi?4 ,besides1 s9ce all its ,p>ts1 ^u  
_! %oot+ =?1 div>icate f _! p]p5dicul>1 
to a cross ,l9e1 z ^! & ! o!r gr[ &     
?rive toge!r1 !y b9d & ?rong ea* o!r    
into a ,knot3 ?r\gh :i* ,knot ! ,sap be+
 /ra9'd1 'tis ?us1 9 due mod]ation &    
purity deliv]$ up into ! ,bran*4  #e4 4 
,& = ,knots1 !y are s necess>y1 z to be 
se5 n only :]e collat]al ,bran*es put   
=?2 b 9 su* ,plants also1 z %oot up 9 "o
 s+le ,trunk2 z 9 ,corn4 ,:]e91 z !y    
make = ! /r5g? ( ! ,trunk2 s by s _m    
p]colations1 z !y are ,knots1 = !       
transmission ( ! ,sap m & m ref9$ t[>ds 
! ,e>4 ,s t ! two g5]al uses ( ,knots   
are1 ,= firm] /&+1 & f9] gr[?4  #f4 4   
,la/ly1 z ! due ,=mation & ,nutrition ( 
! ,g]m5 are provid$ =1 s is its security
 also2 :i* bo? 9 its position ^u !      

,trunk1 & t ( its ,p>ts among !mselves1 
may be obs]v$4 ,! position ( its ,p>ts  
%all be consid]$ 9 speak+ ( ! ,leaf4 ,z 
to its /&+ 9 ! ,trunk1 'tis alwayes     
betwixt ! trunk or old] ,bran*1 & !     
,basis ( ! ,/alk ( a ,leaf2 :]eby x is n
 only gu>d$ f ! ,injuries ( any cont+5t 
,viol5ce2 b also f ! m pi]c+ assaults ( 
! ,cold2 s long1 till 9 "t 'tis gr[n    
l>g]1 & m h>dy4 ,! mann] & uses ( !     
position ( e ,g]m51 consid]$ z aft] x   
becomes a ,bran*2 ha? already be51      
,hi/4 ( ! ,prop4 ( ,veget4  by ! ,+5i\s 
,mr4 ,%>rock v well obs]v$2 to :om ,i   
ref]4   #g4 4 ,,^u ,,! prolongation ( ! 
,g]m5 into a ,bran*1 its ,leaves are ?us
 display'd4 ,! ,p>ts :]e( are           
sub/antially ! same ) ^? ( a ,bran*4 ,= 
! ,sk9 ( ! ,leaf1 is only ! ampliation (
 t ( ! ,bran*2 be+ p>tly by ! accretion 
( new1 & p>tly ! ext5tion ( its already 
exi/5t p>ts1 dilat$ 7z 9 mak+ (         
,leaf-,gold7 into its pres5t bread?4 ,! 
,fibres or ,n]ves disp]s$ ?r\gh ! ,leaf1
 are only ! ,ramifications ( ! ,bran*'s 

,wood1 or ,lign\s ,body4 ,! ,p>5*yma ( !
 ,leaf1 :i* lies betwixt ! ,n]ves1 & z 9
 ,g5tlewom5s ,ne$le-works1 fills all up1
 is no?+ else1 b ! cont9uation ( !      
,cortical ,body1 or ,p>5*ym\s "p ( !    
,b>que f ! ,bran* into x self1 z 9 mo/  
,plants ) a ?ick ,leaf1 may easily be   
se54  #h4 4 ,! ,fib]s ( ! ,leaf nei!r   
%oot out ( ! ,bran*1 or ! ,trunk1 nor /&
 9 ! ,/alk1 9 an ev5 ,l9e2 b alwayes 9  
ei!r an ,angul> or ,circul> po/ure2 &   
usually mak+ ei!r a ,triangle1 or a     
,semi-,circle1 or ,*ord ( a ,circle2 z 9
 ,ci*ory1 ,endive1 ,cabbage1 c4 may be  
obs]v$4  ,tab4 #d4 f4 #b4 to f4 #aa4  ,&
 if ! ,leaf h b "o ma9 ,fib]1 t also is 
po/ur'd 9 a b[$ or ,lun> ,figure2 z 9   
,m9t & o!rs4 ,! usual numb] ( ^!        
,vascul> ,?r$s or ,fibres is #c1 #e1 or 
#g4  #i4 4 ,! reason ( ! said ,positions
 ( ! ,fib]s 9 ! ,/alk ( ! ,leaf1 is =   
its m ,erect gr[?1 & great] ,/r5g?3 :i*1
 7 ! position ( ! said ,fib]s 9 an ev5  
,l9e1 & s ! ,/alk x self z well z !     
,leaf1 flat2 mu/ ne$s h be5 defective2 z

 f :at we h said ( ! ,circumf]5tial     
po/ure ( ! ,lign\s ,body 9 ! ,trunk1    
,c4 #c4 4 #bd4  we may bett] conceive4  
#aj4 4 ,z likewise = ! security ( its   
,sap3 ,= by ?is means x is1 t ! sev]al  
,fib]s1 & especially ! ma9 or middle    
,fib] ( ! ,leaf1 toge!r ) a consid]able 
"p ( ! ,p>5*yma1 are s dispos$ (1 z to  
jut out1 n f its upp]1 b its back1 or   
ne!r ,side4 ,:5ce ! :ole ,leaf1 recl9+  
backw>d1 becomes a ,canopy to !m1 def5d+
 !m f ^? ,injuries :i* f cold] ,bla/s1  
or an hott] ,sun1 !y might o!rwise      
su/a94 ,s t by a mutual b5efit1 z ,^!   
give suck to all ! ,leaf1 s t aga9      
protection to ,^!4  #aa4 4 ,^! ,fib]s   
are likewise ! imm$iate ,visible ,cause 
( ! ,%ape ( ! ,leaf4 ,= if ! ne!rmo/    
,fib] or ,fib]s 9 ! ,/alk 7:i* !nce runs
 *iefly ?r\gh ! l5g? ( ! ,leaf7 be 9    
proportion great]1 ! ,leaf is long2 z 9 
,endive1 ,ci*ory1 & o!rs3 ,if all ( a m 
equal size1 x spreads r\nd]1 z 9 ,ivy1  
,doves-foot1 ,colts foot1 c4 ,& al?\gh a
 ,dock-,leaf be v long1 ^: ,fib]s       

not)/&+1 z !y /& high] 9 ! ,/alk1 are   
dispos$ into a ,circle all ( an equal   
size2 yet h]e9 "o or m peculi> ,fibres1 
,tab4 #d4  /&+1 9 or ne> ! ,c5t]1       
betwixt ! re/1 & runn+ ?r\gh ! l5g? ( ! 
,leaf1 may be obs]v$4  #ab4 4 ,9        
correspond5ce also to ! size & %ape ( ^!
 ,fibres1 is ! ,leaf flat4 ,9 t ei!r !y 
are v small1 or if l>g]1 yet !y nev]    
make an entire ,circle or ,r+2 b ei!r   
half ( "o1 z 9 ,borage1 or at mo/ ?ree  
p>ts ( "o1 z 9 ,mull51 may be se54      
,tab4 #d4  ,= if ei!r !y 7 s big1 z to  
conta91 or s entire1 z p]fectly to      
include a ,pi?1 ! ,en]gy ( ! ,sap 9 t   
,pi?1 w\ld cause ! said ,lign\s ,r+ to  
%oot =? on e side1 z x do? 9 ! ,root or 
,trunk3 ,b ! said ,fib]s be+ n figur'd  
into an entire ,r+1 b s z to be op52 on 
t h& !re=e :]e op5 !y _c %oot any ?+    
directly f !mselves1 because !re !y h   
no?+ to %oot2 & ! ,sap hav+ also a free 
v5t ?r\gh ! said op5+1 aga9/ t "p !re=e 
:i* is !reunto opposite1 x c h no =ce2 &
 s nei!r w !y %oot =? on t h&2 & s w !y 

consequ5tly1 t way only1 :i* ! =ce ( !  
,sap directs1 :i* is only on ! "r &     
left4  #ac4 4 ,! sev]al ,fib]s 9 !      
,/alk1 are all ,inosculat$ 9 ! ,leaf1 ) 
v _m ,sub-divisions4 ,accord+ z ^!      
,fib]s are ,inosculat$ ne>1 or at1 or   
%oot directly to ! edge ( ! ,leaf1 is x 
,ev51 or ,scallop'd4 ,:]e ^!            
,inosculations are n made1 !re we h no  
,leaves1 b only a company ( ,filam5ts2 z
 9 ,f5nel4  #ad4 4 ,to ! ,=mations (    
,leaves1 ! ,f\ld+s imm$iately foll[4 ,& 
sometimes !y h "o ,date1 or are !       
contempor>y works ( ,nature2 ea* ,leaf  
obta9+ its di/9ct %ape1 & prop] po/ure  
toge!r2 bo? be+ p]fect1 n only 9 ! out]1
 b ,c5tral & m9ute/ ,leaves1 :i* are    
five hundr$ times small] ?an ! out]3 bo?
 :i* 9 ! ,cauti\s op5+ ( a ,g]m5 may be 
se54  #ae4 4 ,nor is !re great] ,art 9 !
 ,=ms1 ?an 9 ! ,f\lds or ,po/ures (     
,leaves2 bo? answ]ably v>y+1 z ?is or t 
way !y may be mo/ agreeable4  ,treat4 ( 
! ,qu9cunx4  ,( ! ,qu9cuncial po/ure1 s 
amply in/anc'd 9 by ! ,le>n$ ,sir ,?omas

 ,br[n1 ,i %all omit to speak4 ,o!rs !re
 are1 :i* ?\gh n all s univ]sal1 yet    
equally necess>y :]e !y are1 giv+ two   
g5]al advantages to ! ,leaves1 ,elegancy
 & ,security1 sc4 9 tak+ up1 s z _! ,=ms
 w be>1 ! lea/ room2 & 9 be+ s          
conv5i5tly c\*'d1 z to be capable (     
receiv+ protection f o!r ,p>ts1 or (    
giv+ x "o to ano!r2 z = in/ance1  #af4 4
 ,fir/1 ,!re is ! ,b[-,lap1 :]e !       
,leaves are all laid some:at convexly "o
 ov] ano!r1 b n plait$2 be+ to ! l5g?1  
bread? & numb] ( ,leaves mo/ agreeable2 
z 9 ! ,buds ( ,pe>-tree1 ,plum-tree1 c4 
,b :]e ! ,leaves are n s ?ick set1 z to 
/& 9 ! ,b[-,lap1 !re we h ! ,plicature1 
or ! ,flat-,lap2 z 9 ,rose-,tree1       
,/rawb]ry1 ,c9quefoyl1 ,burnet1 c4 ,= ! 
,leaves be+ "h plait$1 & s ly+ 9 half _!
 bread?1 & div]s ( !m ?us also          
collat]ally set toge!r2 ! ?ickness ( !m 
all1 & half _! bread?1 are mu* alike    
dim5sions2 by :i* !y /& m secure )9     
!mselves1 & 9 bett] consort ) o!r       
,g]m5-,gr[?s 9 ! same ,truss4 ,if !     

,leaves be mu* ind5t$ or jagg'd1 n[ we h
 ! ,duplicature2 :]e9 !re are div]s     
,plaits 9 "o ,leaf1 or ,labels ( a      
,leaf1 b 9 di/9ct ,sets1 a less] "u a   
great]2 z 9 ,s\*us1 ,tansey1 c4 ,:5 !   
,leaves /& n collat]ally1 b s+le2 & are 
moreov] v broad2 !n we h !              
,multiplicature2 z 9 ,gooseb]ries1      
,mall[s1 c4 ! ,plaits be+ n only div]s 9
 ! same ,leaf1 b ( ! same ,set          
cont9uant1 & s ea* ,leaf ga!r'd up 9    
five1 sev5 or m ,f\lds1 9 ! same mann] z
 our ,g5tlewom5s ,fans4 ,:]e ei!r !     
?ickness ( ! ,leaf w n p]mit a          
,flat-,lap1 or ! fewness ( _! numb]1 or 
! smalness ( _! ,fib]s1 w all[ ! ,r[l1  
!re ,?is may be obs]v$4 ,:i* is         
sometimes s+le1 z 9 ,be>s-,e>s1 ,arum1  
,flammula1 ,j]usalem ,c[slip1 c4        
,sometimes d\ble1 ! two ,r[ls beg9n+ at 
ea* edge ( ! ,leaf1 & meet+ 9 ! middle4 
,:i* aga91 is ei!r ! ,=e-,r[l1 or !     
,back-,r[l4 ,if ! ,leaf be design'd to  
gr[ long1 n[ we h ! ,back-,r[l1 z 9     
,docks1 ,sorrels1 & ! re/ ( ?is ,k9dr$3 

z also 9 ,primrose1 & o!r l ,plants4 ,= 
! ma9 ,fib]s1 & !re) a consid]able "p ( 
! ,cortical ,body /&+ prom95t f !       
,back-side ( ! ,leaf1 !y ?us /& securely
 c\*'d up betwixt ! two ,r[ls2 on ^:    
security ! gr[? ( ! ,leaf 9 l5g? dep5ds4
 ,b ^? ( ,be>s-,e>s1 ,violets1 ,doves   
,foot1 ,w>d51 & _m m1 ^u contr>y        
respects1 are r[l$ up inw>ds4 ,la/ly1   
!re is ! ,tre-,r[l1 z 9 ,f]n2 ! ,labels 
:]e(1 ?\gh all r[l$ up to ! ma9 ,/em1   
yet c\ld n /& s firm & secure f !       
,injuries ei!r ( ! ,gr\nd or ,wea!r1    
unless to ! ,r[ls 9 bread?1 t by ! l5g? 
7 sup]-induc'd2 ! ,/alk or ma9 ,/em giv+
 ! same ,protection "h1 :i* 9 o!r       
,plants by ! ,leaves1 or "s p>ticul>    
,mantl+1 is contriv'd4 ,^!1 & o!r       
,f\lds1 ,see 9 ! ,figures belong+ to !  
,fir/ ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4  #ag4 4      
,accord+ to ! ,=m & ,f\ld+ ( e ,leaf or 
,g]m51 is its ,protection ord]'d2 ab\t  
six ways :]e( may be obs]v'd2 sc4 by    
,leaves1 ,surfoyls1 ,int]foyls1 ,/alks1 
,hoods & ,mantl+s4 ,to add to :at we h  

above giv51 "o or two ,in/ances4 ,e     
,bud1 besides its prop] ,leaves1 is     
cov]$ ) div]s ,leafy ,pannicles or      
,surfoyls2 :i*1 :at ! ,leaves are to "o 
ano!r1 are t to !m all3 ,= n op5+ except
 gradually1 !y admit n ! ,wea!r1 ,wet1  
,sun or ,a]1 to approa* ! ,leaves1      
except by degrees respond5t1 & z !y are 
gradually inur'd to be> !m4 ,sometimes1 
besides ,surfoyls1 !re are also _m      
,int]foyls set betwixt ! ,leaves1 f !   
,circumf]5ce to ! ,c5t] ( ! ,bud2 z 9 ! 
,hasel4 ,= ! ,fibres ( ^! ,leaves /&+   
out s f> f a pla9 surface2 !y w\ld1 if n
 ?us %elt]'d1 lie too mu* expos'd & nak$
 to ! ,sev]ities ( ! ,wea!r4 ,:]e none (
 all ! ,protections above-nam$1 are     
conv5i5t1 !re ! ,membranes ( ! ,leaves  
by cont9uation 9 _! fir/ =m+ 7toge!r )  
"s ,fibres ( ! ,lign\s ,body7 are drawn 
out into s _m ,mantles or ,veils2 z 9   
,docks1 ,snakewe$1 c4 ,= ! ,leaves "h   
be+ b few1 yet ea* ,leaf & its ,/alk be+
 bo? exce$+ long2 at ! bottom :]e( !    
next foll[+ ,leaf /ill spr+s up2 ! =m & 

po/ure ( all is su*1 z sup]s$es all !   
o!r k9ds ( ,protection1 & s ea* ,leaf   
ap>t is provid$ ) a ,veil to x self4    
,^!1 & o!r ,protections1 ,see 9 !       
,figures belong+ to ! ,fir/ ,"p ( !     
,f\r? ,book4  #ah4 4 ,! ,uses ( !       
,leaves1 ,i mean 9 respect ( _! s]vice  
to ! ,plant x self1 are ^!3 ,fir/1 =    
,protection2 :i*1 besides :at !y give "o
 to ano!r1 !y af=d also to ! ,fl[] &    
,fruit4 ,to ! ,fl[] 9 _! ,f\lds2 t be+1 
= ! mo/ "p1 born & u%]'d into ! op5 ,a] 
by ! ,leaves4 ,to ! ,fruit1 :5 aft]w>ds 
!y are display'd1 z 9 ,/rawb]ries1      
,grapes1 ,rasps1 ,mulb]ries1 c4 ,on :i*1
 & ! l1 %\ld ! ,sun-,beams imm$iately   
/rike1 especially :ile !y are "y1 !y    
w\ld q %rivel !m up2 b be+ by ! ,leaves 
scre5$ (f1 !y impress ! circumjac5t ,a] 
s f> only z g5tly to w>m ! said ,fruits1
 & s to promote _! ,f]m5tation & ,gr[?4 
,& accord+ly we see1 t ! ,leaves        
above-nam$ are exce$+ l>ge 9 proportion 
to ! ,fruits3 :]eas 9 ,pe>-trees1       
,apple-trees1 c4 ! ,fruit be+ ( a solid]

 ,p>5*yma1 & s n ne$+ ! l protection1   
are usually equal )1 & (t5 wid] 9       
,diamet] ?an ! ,leaves4  #ai4 4 ,ano!r  
use is = ,augm5tation2 or1 ! capacity = 
! due spread+ & ampliation ( a ,tree or 
o!r ,plant1 are its ,leaves4 ,= h]e9 !  
,lign\s ,body be+ divid$ into small     
,fibres1 & ^! runn+ all along _! lax &  
spongie ,p>5*yma2 !y are ?us a ,body fit
 = ! imbibition ( ,sap1 & easie ,gr[?4  
,n[ ! ,sap hav+ a free reception into ! 
,leaves1 x /ill gives way to ! next     
succe$+ 9 ! ,bran*es & ,trunk1 & ! voyd+
 ( ! ,sap 9 ^!1 = ! m\nt+ ( t 9 ! ,root1
 & +ress ( t 9 ! ,gr\nd4 ,b 7 !re no    
,leaves to make a free reception ( ,sap1
 x mu/ be ne$s be /agnant 9 all ! ,p>ts 
to ! ,root1 & s ! ,root be+ clogg'd1 its
 f]m5t+ & o!r ,(fices w be voyd$1 & s ! 
due ,gr[? ( ! :ole4 ,z 9 ! motion ( a   
,wat*1 al?\gh ! orig9al t]m !re( be !   
,spr+1 yet1 ! capacity = its cont9uance 
9 a due measure ?r\gh\t all ! ,:eels1 is
 ! free & easie motion ( ! ,ballance4   
#bj4 4 ,la/ly1 ,z ! ,leaves subs]ve ! m 

copi\s advancem5t1 s ! high] purity ( ! 
,sap4 ,= ?is be+ well f]m5t$ bo? 9 !    
,root1 & 9 its ,asc5t ?r\gh ! ,trunk1 & 
s its ,p>ts prep>'d to a f>!r sep>ation2
 ! gross] ones are /ill deposit$ into ! 
,leaves2 ! m elaborate & ess5tial only  
?us suppli$ to ! ,fl[]1 ,fruit & ,se$1 z
 _! conv5i5t ,alim5t4 ,:5ce x is1 t :]e 
! ,fl[]s are _m & l>ge1 into :i* ! m    
odor\s ,p>ticles are copi\sly receiv'd1 
! gre5 ,leaves h little or no smell2 z  
^? ( ,rose-tree1 ,c>nations1            
,fr5*-,m>igold1 ,wood-b9d1 ,tulips1 c4  
,b on ! contr>y1 :]e ! ,fl[]s are none1 
or small1 ! gre5 ,leaves !mselve are    
likewise ( a /rong sav\r2 z ^? (        
,wormwood1 ,tansie1 ,baum1 ,m9t1 ,rue1  
,g]anium ,mos*atum1 ,angelica1 & o!rs4  
,an ,app5dix4                      ,(   
,?orns1 ,hairs & ,globulets4   ,t,horns 
are ( two k9ds1 ,lign\s & ,cortical4 ,( 
! fir/ are su* z ^? ( ! ,haw?orn1 & are 
con/itut$ ( all ! same sub/antial ,p>ts 
:]e( ! ,g]m5 or ,bud x self1 & 9 a l    
proportion3 :i* also 9 _! ,infancy are  

set ) ! resemblances ( div]s m9ute      
,leaves4 ,( aff9ity ) ^! are ! ,sp9ets  
or ,?orny ,prickles ^u ! ,edges & ,tops 
( div]s ,leaves1 z ( ,b>b]y1 ,holly1    
,?i/le1 ,furze1 & o!rs2 all :i* ,i ?9k  
are ! filam5t\s extremities ( ! ,lign\s 
,body %ea!d 9 ! ,sk94 ,b ?is pr9cipal   
diff]5ce betwixt a ,bud & ^! ,lign\s    
,?orns1 is obs]vable2 ,t ! ,bud ha? its 
,orig9al f ! ,inn] "p ( ! ,lign\s ,body1
 next ! ,pi?3 ,b ^! ,?orns1 f ! out]1 & 
less fecund ,"p2 & s produce? no        
,leaves1 b is1 z x 71 ! ,mola ( a ,bud4 
#b4 4 ,cortical ,?orns are su* z ^? ( ! 
,rasb]ry ,bu%1 be+ n1 unless 9 a mo/    
extraord9>y small & invisible proportion
 propagat$ f ! ,lign\s ,body1 b z1 x    
seems1 :olly f ! ,cortical & ,sk91 or f 
! ext]i\r "p ( ! ,b>que4  #c4 4 ,! ,gr[?
 ( ?is ,?orn may f>!r argue :at 9 !  ,c4
 #b4 4 #be4  ,second ,*apt] we suppos$2 
sc4 ,t z ! prop] ,t5d5cy ( ! ,lign\s    
,body1 is to ,asc5d2 s ( ! ,cortical to 
,desc5d4 ,= z ! ,lign\s ,?orn1 l o!r    
,p>ts ( ! ,trunk1 9 its ,gr[? asc5ds2   

,?is1 be+ almo/ :olly ,cortical1 po9te? 
d[nw>d4  ,hi/4 ( ! ,prop4 ( ,veget4  ,! 
use ( ,?orns ! ,+5i\s ,mr4 ,%>rock ha?  
obs]v$4  #d4 4 ,^u ! ,leaves ( div]s    
,plants two ,productions %ew !mselves1  
sc4 ,hairs & ,gl\bulets4 ,( ,hairs1 only
 "o k9d is tak5 notice (2 al?\gh !y are 
v>i\s4 ,ord9>ily !y are ( a ,simple     
,figure2 :i* :5 f9e & ?ick set1 z on mo/
 ,hairy ,buds2 or f9e & long1 z on ^? ( 
! ,v9e1 we call !m ,d[n4  #e4 4 ,b      
sometimes !y are ,bran*$ out1 f ! bottom
 to ! top1 reciprocally on e side1 9 "s 
resemblance to a ,/ags ,horn2 z 9       
,mull54 ,& sometimes !y are ,a/ral1 z ^u
 ,lav5d]1 & "s o!r ,leaves1 & especially
 ^? ( ,wild ,olive2 :]e9 e ,hair ris+ 9 
"o r\nd entire ,basis a little way above
 ! surface ( ! ,leaf1 is !n disp>t$1    
,/>-l1 into sev]al1 f\r1 five or six    
,po9ts1 all /&+ at "r ,angles ) ! said  
p]p5dicul> ,ba/s4  #f4 4 ,! ,uses (     
,hairs are = ,di/9ction & ,protection4  
,t ( ,di/9ction is b second>y1 ! ,leaves
 be+ gr[n to a consid]able size4 ,t (   

,protection is ! prime1 = :i* !y 7      
orig9ally =m'd toge!r ) ! ,leaves       
!mselves1 & ^: s]vice !y enjoy 9 _!     
,infant-e/ate3 ,= ! ,hairs be+ !n 9 =m (
 a ,d[n1 always v ?ick set1 ?us1 give t 
,protection to ! ,leaves1 :i* _! exce$+ 
t5d]ness !n requires2 s t !y seem to be 
veil$ ) a ,coat ( ,frize1 or to be kept 
w>m1 l "y & da9ty ,*ick5s1 9 ,wool4  #g4
 4 ,globulets are se5 ^u ,ora*1 bo?     
,g>d5 & ,wild2 & yet m pla9ly on ,m]cury
 or ,bonus ,h5ricus4 ,9 ^!1 gr[+ almo/  
^u ! :ole ,plant1 & be+ v l>ge1 !y are  
by all tak5 notice (4  #h4 4 ,b /rict   
,obs]vation discov]s1 t ^! ,globulets   
are ! natural & con/ant ,(f-spr+ ( v _m 
o!r ,plants4 ,bo? ^! ,globulets1 &      
likewise ! div]sity ( ,hairs1 ,i f9d t  
,mr4 ,hook ha? also obs]v$4             
,micrography4 ,i take notice1 t !y are (
 two k9ds2 ,transp>5t1 z ^u ! ,leaves ( 
,hysop1 ,m9t1 ,baume1 & _m m ,:ite1 z ^u
 ^? ( ,g]m&]1 ,sage1 & o!rs4 ,all :i*1  
?\gh ! nak$ ,eye w discov]1 yet by !    
help ( ,glasses we may obs]ve !m mo/    

di/9ctly4 ,! use ( ^! we suppose ! same1
 9 "p1 ) ^? ( ! ,fl[]1 :]e( we %all     
speak4                                  
,,*ap4 ,v4                              
,( ! ,,fl[]4   ,,we next proce$ to !    
,fl[]4 ,! g5]al ,p>ts :]e( are mo/      
commonly ?ree2 sc4 ! ,empalem5t1 !      
,foliation1 & ! ,attire4  #b4 4 ,!      
,empalem5t1 :e!r ( "o or m pieces1 ,i   
call t :i* is ! utmo/ ,"p ( ! ,fl[]1    
encompass+ ! o!r two4 ',tis comp\nd$ ( !
 ?ree g5]al ,p>ts1 ! ,sk91 ! ,cortical &
 ,lign\s ,bodies1 ea* ,empal] 7:]e !re  
are div]s7 be+ z ano!r little ,leaf2 z 9
 ^? ( a ,qu9ce-,fl[]1 z (t z !y happ5 to
 be ov]gr[n1 is well se54 ,z likewise 9 
! ,primrose1 ) ! gre5 ,fl[]2 commonly s 
call'd1 ?\gh by a mi/ake3 ,= t :i* seems
 to be ! ,fl[]1 is only ! m fl\ri%+     
,empalem5t1 ! ,fl[] x self be+ ,:ite4 ,b
 ! cont9uation ( all ! ?ree a=esaid     
,p>ts into ea* ,empal]1 is discov]able1 
,i ?9k1 no :]e bett] ?an 9 an ,arti*oke1
 :i* is a true ,fl[]1 & ^: ,empal]s are 
( t amplitude1 z fairly to %ew !m all3  

,z also1 t ! ,orig9al ( ! ,sk9 ( ea*    
,empal] or ,leaf is n di/9ct f t ( !    
re/2 b to be all "o piece1 laid 9 s _m  
,plaits or ,duplicatures1 z !re are     
,leaves1 f ! out]mo/ to ! inn] & mo/    
,c5tral ones4  #c4 4 ,! ,design ( !     
,empalem5t1 is to be ,security & ,b&s to
 ! o!r two ,p>ts ( ! ,fl[]3 ,to be _!   
,security be=e its op5+1 by int]cept+   
all extremities ( ,wea!r3 ,aft]w>ds to  
be _! ,b&s1 & firmly to conta9 all _!   
,p>ts 9 _! due & mo/ decor\s po/ure3 s t
 a ,fl[] )\t its ,empalem5t1 w\ld hang z
 unc\? & taudry1 z a ,lady )\t h]       
,bodies4  #d4 4 ,h5ce we h ! reason :y x
 is v>i\s1 & sometimes want+4 ,"s ,fl[]s
 h none1 z ,tulips2 = hav+ a fat & firm 
,leaf1 & ea* ,leaf likewise /&+ on a    
broad & /rong ,basis1 !y are ?us        
suffici5t to !mselves4 ,c>nations1 on ! 
contr>y1 h n only an ,empalem5t1 b t 7= 
m firmitude7 ( "o piece3 ,= o!rwise1 !  
,foot ( ea* ,leaf be+ v long & sl5d]1   
mo/ ( !m w\ld be apt to break out (     
compass3 yet is ! top ( ! ,empalem5t    

ind5t$ also2 t ! ,ind5tm5ts1 by be+     
lapp'd ov] ! ,leaves be=e _! expansion1 
may !n protect !m2 & by be+ spread "u !m
 aft]w>ds1 may bett] %\ld] & prop !m up4
 ,& if ! ,feet ( ! ,leaves be bo? long &
 v t5d] too1 "h ! ,empalem5t is num]\s1 
?\gh consi/+ ( sev]al pieces2 yet ^? 9  
div]s ,r\nds1 & all ) a c\nt]*angeable  
respect to ea* o!r 7:i* also ! ,le>n$   
,sir ,?omas ,br[n obs]ves7  ,treat4 ( ! 
,qu9cunx4  z 9 all ,knapwe$s1 & o!r     
,fl[]s2 :]eby1 h[ commodi\s !y are = bo?
 ! a=esaid ends1 may easily be          
conceiv'd2 & well en\gh exemplifi$ by ! 
,scales ( ,fi%es1 :]eunto1 z to _!      
position1 !y h n an unapt resemblance4  
#e4 4 ,,! ,,foliation also1 is ( ! same 
sub/antial ,nature ) ! gre5 ,leaf2 !    
,membrane1 ,pulp1 & ,fibres :]e(1 be+1 z
 !re1 s "h1 b ! cont9uation ( ! ,sk91 ! 
,cortical & ,lign\s ,bodies4  #f4 4 ,!  
,f\lds ( ! ,fl[] or ,foliation are      
v>i\s1 z ^? ( ! gre5 ,leaf2 b "s ( !m   
diff]5t4 ,! mo/ g5]al are1 ,fir/1 ,!    
,close-,c\*1 z 9 ,roses1 & _m o!r d\ble 

,fl[]s4 ,!n ! ,concave-,c\*1 z 9        
,blatt>ia flore albo4 ,next ! ,plait1 z 
9 "s ( ! ,leaves ( ,pease-,blooms1 9 !  
,fl[]s ( ,cori&]1 c4 :i* is ei!r s+le1 z
 9 ^? nam'd2 or d\ble1 z 9              
,blew-,bottle1 ,jacea1 & m ( t rank4    
,next1 ! ,c\*1 & ,plait toge!r 9 ! same 
,fl[]1 z 9 ,m>igolds1 ,daisies1 & all   
o!rs ( an agree+ =m3 :]e ! fir/ app>5t  
,f\ld or ,compo/ure ( ! ,leaves is 9    
,c\*2 b ! ,leaves be+ erect1 ea*        
likewise may be se5 to lie 9 a d\ble    
,plait )9 x self4 ,!n ! ,r[l1 z 9 !     
,fl[]s ( ,ladies-,b[]1 ! broad top ( ea*
 ,leaf be+ by a d\ble ,r[l f\ld$ up     
inw>dly4 ,next1 ! ,spire1 :i* is !      
beg9n+ ( a ,r[l2 & may be se5 9 ! ,fl[]s
 ( ,mall[s1 & o!rs4 ,la/ly1 ! ,plait &  
,spire toge!r1 :]e ! ,"p analog\s to !  
,foliation1 is ( "o piece1 ! ,plaits be+
 "h laid1 & s c>ri$ on by ,spiral ,l9es 
to ! top ( ! ,fl[]1 z is 9 div]s1 & ,i  
?9k1 9 ,convolvulus ,doronici folio1 m  
elegantly se54 ,^! & o!r ,f\lds1 ,see 9 
! ,figures belong+ to ! ,second ,"p ( ! 

,f\r? ,book4 ,! reason ( all :i*        
v>ieties1 a comp>ative consid]ation ( ! 
sev]al ,p>ts ( ! ,fl[] may sugge/4 ,i'le
 only m5tion1 ,t no ,fl[]1 t ,i f9d1 ha?
 a ,back-,r[l1 z ha? ! gre5 ,leaf4 ,=   
two ,reasons2 because its ,leaves h n _!
 ,fibres /&+ out mu* on _! backside1 z !
 gre5 ,leaves h2 & because ( its        
,attire1 :i* x ev] embosomes1 & _c s    
well d x by a ,back-,r[l4  #g4 4 ,!     
usual ,protections ( ,fl[]s by !        
,prec$5ts are express'd1 sc4 ,gre5      
,leaves & ,empalem5ts4 ,"s h ano!r m    
peculi>1 t is a d\ble ,veil2 z !        
,spr+-,crocus4 ,= hav+ no ,empalem5t1 & 
/>t+ up e>ly out ( ! ,m\ld1 ev5 be=e its
 ,gre5 ,leaves1 & t ^u ! fir/ op5+ ( !  
,spr+2 le/ x %\ld ?us be q />v$1 'tis   
born swa?'d up 9 a d\ble ,blanket1 or ) 
a pair ( ,%eets ^u its ,back4  #h4 4 ,! 
,leaves ( div]s ,fl[]s at _! ,basis h an
 hairy ,tuft2 by :i* ,tufts ! ,concave (
 ! ,empalem5t is fill$ up2 ,t1 be+ v    
*oice & t5d]1 !y may ?us be kept 9 a    
g5tle & con/ant ,w>m?1 z mo/ conv5i5t = 

!m4  #i4 4 ,! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[]1 ?\gh !y
 are n hairy all ov]1 yet 9 "s p>ticul> 
p>ts !y are (t5 set ) a f9e ,d[ny       
,velvet2 t1 be+ by _! %ape & po/ure 9 ^?
 p>ts contigu\s to _! delicate & t5d]   
,attire1 !y may ?us give x a m s(t &    
w>m] t\*4 ,?us 9 ! ,fl[] ( ,ladies ,b[]1
 ^? p>ts ( its ,leaves :i* r[l inw>d1 & 
lie contigu\s to ! ,attire1 are ,d[ny2  
:]eas ! o!r ,p>ts are smoo? or bald3 ,s 
! ,fl[]s ( ,pease1 ,spani% ,broom1      
,toad-,flax1 & _m o!rs1 :]e contigu\s to
 _! ,attires1 are deck'd ) ! l ,hairy   
,velvet4  #aj4 4 ,z ^u ! ,gre5 ,leaves1 
s ^u ! ,fl[]s are ,globulets somtimes   
se52 z ^u ! backside ( t ( ,enula4 ,on  
none m pla9ly ?an t k9d ( ,blatt>ia ) ! 
:ite ,fl[]2 :]e !y are all transp>5t1 & 
gr[+ bo? on ! ,/alk & ,leaves ( ! ,fl[]1
 ea* %ew+ likewise its ,p$uncle :]eon x 
is erect$4  #aa4 4 ,! use ( ! ,fl[]1 or 
! ,foliation :]e( we n[ speak1 7t is1 z 
to its private s]vice7 is = ! protection
 ( ! ,attire2 ,?is1 z its "u1 & !       
,empalem5t z its upp] ,g>m5ts4 ,z       

likewise ( ! ,fruit3 ,! necessity ( :i* 
,s]vice1 9 "s ,cases1 by ! diff]5t      
situation ( ! ,fl[] & ,fruit1 ) respect 
to ea* o!r1 is evid5t2 ,apples1 ,pe>s1 &
 sev]al o!r ,fruits1 /&+ beh9d or "u !  
,fl[]2 b ,*]ries1 ,aprecots1 & div]s    
o!rs1 )9 x4 ,= ^!1 be+ ( a v t5d] &     
pulp\s ,body1 & )al putt+ =? ) ! cold]  
"p ( ! ,spr+2 c\ld n wea!r x out aga9/ !
 ,v>iations & ,extremities ( ! ,air1 7z 
^? ( a m solid ,p>5*yma c7 except lodg$ 
up )9 _! ,fl[]s4  #ab4 4 ,& z ! ,fl[] is
 s]viceable to ! safety ( ! ,fruit1 s is
 x to its gr[?2 sc4 9 its ,infancy1 or  
,embryo-e/ate2 = :i* purpose1 z !re is a
 ,fl[]1 s t ,fl[] is great] or less1    
accord+ z ! nature ( ! ,fruit to :i* x  
belongs1 & ! pl5ty ( ! ,sap by :i* !    
,fruit is f$1 do? require4 ,?us1 :]e !  
"y ,fruit is ( a solid] ,sub/ance & !   
asc5t ( ! ,sap less copi\s1 7 !re "h no 
,fl[] to promote ! said asc5t !re( into 
! ,fruit 79 ! mann] z is effect$ by !   
,gre5 ,leaves7 x mu/ ne$s p9e & die1 or 
prove less k9dly4 ,on ! contr>y1 %\ld ! 

,fl[] be ov]-l>ge1 x w\ld n only promote
 ! asc5t ( ! ,sap up to ! ,fruit1 b be+ 
z yet ov]-proportionate to x1 w\ld      
likewise x self exhau/ ! same ,sap1 z   
fa/ z asc5d5t2 l a gre$y ,nurse1 t      
prep>es ! ,meat = h] ,*ild1 & !n eats x 
up h] self4 ,?us we see ,apples & ,pe>s1
 ) a ,fl[] ( a mod]ate ,size2 l _!      
,body1 ( a middle ,con/itution1 & _!    
,sap1 ( a middle quantity3 ,b ,qu9ces1  
be+ m solid1 besides t !y h z great a   
,fl[]1 ! ,impal]s ( _! ,fl[] also ?rive 
s f> z to become h&som ,leaves2 cont9u+ 
also aft] ! ,fl[] is fall51 firm & v]d5t
 a great :ile2 s long1 till ! ,fruit be 
able to provide = x self4 ,on ! o!r h&1 
,plums be+ m t5d] & ,sappy ?an ,apples &
 ,pe>s1 besides t _! ,empal]s are mu*   
alike1 _! ,fl[] is less1 & ,goosb]ries &
 ,currants1 :i* are /ill m ,pulpy1 & !  
c\rse ( ! ,sap t[>ds !m m free1 h yet a 
,fl[] f> less4 ,& ,grapes1 ^: ,sap is   
/ill ( quick] ,asc5t1 h sc>ce any ,fl[] 
at all2 only "s small resemblance !re(1 
s]v+ j ^u ! sett+ ( ! ,fruit1 & no      

long]4   #ac4 4 ,,! ,,attire1 ,i f9d to 
be ( two k9ds1 ,sem9i=me1 & ,florid4 ,t 
:i* ,i call ,sem9i=me1 is made up ( two 
g5]al ,p>ts1 ,*ives & ,semets1 "o ^u ea*
 ,*ive4 ,^! ,semets 7z ,i take leave to 
call !m7 h ! appe>ance1 especially 9 _m 
,fl[]s1 ( s _m little ,se$s3 b are q    
ano!r k9d ( ,body4 ,=1 ^u enquiry1 we   
f9d1 t ^! ,semets1 ?\gh !y seem to be   
solid1 & = "s "t aft] _! fir/ =mation1  
are entire2 yet are !y really holl[2 &  
_! side1 or sides1 :i* 7 at fir/ entire1
 at l5g? crack asund]3 ,& t moreov] !   
,concave ( ea* ,semet is n a me]        
vacuity1 b fill'd up ) a numb] ( m9ute  
,p>ticles1 9 =m ( a ,p[d]4 ,:i*1 ?\gh   
common to all ,semets1 yet 9 "s1 &      
p>ticul>ly ^? ( a ,tulip or a ,lilly1   
be+ l>g]1 is m di/9ctly obs]vable4      
,tab4 #d4 f4 #ab4   #ad4 4 ,^! ,semets  
are somtimes fa/n$ s1 z to /& erect     
above _! ,*ive1 z ^? ( ,l>ks-heel4      
,somtimes1 & ,i ?9k usually1 s z to hang
 a little d[n by ! midle1 9 ! mann] &   
figure ( a ,kidney2 z 9 ,mall[s4 ,_!    

,cleft or ,crack is sometimes s+le1 b = 
! mo/ "p d\ble3 ,at ^! ,clefts x is t !y
 disburse _! ,p[d]s2  f4 #ab4 a4  :i* z 
!y />t out1 & /& betwixt ! two ,lips (  
ea* ,cleft1 h "s resemblance to ! common
 ,sculpture ( a ,pomegranate ) its ,se$s
 look+ out at ! ,cleft ( its ,r9d4 ,?is 
mu/ be obs]v'd :5 ! ,clefts are rec5tly 
made1 :i* usually is be=e ! expansion ( 
! ,fl[]4  #ae4 4 ,! ,p>ticles ( ^!      
,p[d]s1 ?\gh l ^? ( ,meal or o!r ,du/1  
!y appe> n easily to h any regul> %ape2 
yet ^u /rict obs]vation1 especially ) ! 
assi/ance ( an indiff]5t ,glass1 x do?  
appe>1 ,t !y are a ,cong]ies1 usually1 (
 s _m p]fect ,globes or ,globulets2     
,sometimes ( o!r ,figures1 b always     
regul>4 ,t :i* obscures _! ,figure is _!
 be+ s small3 ,9 ,dogs-,m]cury1 ,borage1
 & v _m m ,plants1 !y are extreamly s4  
,9 ,mall[s1 & "s o!rs1 m fairly visible4
  #af4 4 ,"s ( ^! ,p[d]s1 are yell[1 z 9
 ,dogs-,m]cury1 ,goats-,rue1 c4 & "s (  
o!r ,col\rs3 ,b mo/ ( !m ,i ?9k are     
:ite2 & ^? ( yell[ ,h5bane v elegant2 ! 

disburs'd ,p[d]s :]e(1 to ! nak$ eye1   
are :ite z ,sn[2 b ea* ,globulet1 ?r\gh 
a ,glass1 transp>5t z ,cry/al2 :i* is n 
a fallacy f ! ,glass1 b :at we see 9 all
 transp>5t ,bodies :atsoev]1 ly+ 9 a    
,p[d] or small ,p>ticles toge!r4 ,!     
,p>ts ( ?is ,attire1 see 9 ,tab4 #d4 ,b 
especially1 9 ! ,figures belong+ to !   
,second ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4  #ag4 4 ,! 
,florid ,attire1 is commonly kn[n by !  
bl9d & rude ,"n ( ,?rums2 z 9 ! ,fl[]s (
 ,m>igold1 ,tansie1 c4 ,h[ inadequate   
its imposition is1 obs]vation w det]m9e4
 ,= ! sev]al ,?rums or r ,suits1 :]e( ! 
,attire is made up1 h[ev] else !y may   
diff] 9 v>i\s ,fl[]s1 9 ?is agree1 t !y 
are ev] consi/5t ( m ?an "o1 sometimes (
 ,two1  ,tab4 #d4 f4 #ac4 a4  & = ! mo/ 
"p ( ,?ree ,pieces 7= :i* ,i call !m    
,suits7 & ea* ,piece ( a diff]5t1 b     
agreeable & comely =m4  #ah4 4 ,! out]  
,"p ( e ,suit1 is its ,floret3 ^: ,body 
or ,tube is divid$ at ! top 7l t ( !    
,c[slip7 into five di/9ct ,leaves4  f4  
#ac4 b4  ,s t a ,floret1 is ! ,epitome (

 a ,fl[]3 & is all ! ,fl[] t _m ,plants1
 z ,mugwort1 ,tansie1 & o!rs1 h4 ,:at ! 
,le>n$ ,sir ,?omas ,br[n obs]ve?        
,treat4 ( ! ,qu9cunx4  ( ! numb] ,five1 
z to ! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[]1 is /ill m     
univ]sally hold+ 9 ^! ( ! ,floret4  #ai4
 4 ,^u ! ,expansion ( ! ,floret1 ! next 
,"p ( ! ,suit is f )9 its ,tube br\ght  
to sight2 :i* we may 7) respect to t )9 
x7 call ! ,%ea?4  f4 #ac4 c4  ,= ?is    
also1 l ! ,floret1 is a ,concave ,body2 
9 its %ape v well resembl+ ! ,fi/ul\s   
,p\*es ( ,wake-,rob91 or ( ,dragon4     
#bj4 4 ,! ,%ea?1 aft] "s "t1 divid+ at !
 top1 f )9 its ,concave ! ,?ird &       
inn]mo/ "p ( ! ,suit1 sc4 ! ,blade      
advance? & displayes x self4  ,tab4 #d4 
f4 #ac4 d4  ,?is ,"p is n holl[1 z ! o!r
 two1 b solid2 yet at its ,po9t1 is     
commonly1 divid$ into two halves4  #ba4 
4 ,ab\t ! said ,po9t especially1 !re    
appe>s1 ,globulets1 :i* are ( ! same    
nature ) ^? ( a ,semet1 ?\gh n s copi\s4
 ,s t all ,fl[]s h _! ,p[d]s or         
,globulets4 ,! :ole ,attire may 9 ,a/]  

,p]1 ,blewbottle1 c4 :]e ! ,suits are   
l>ge1 be pla9ly obs]v$ )\t a ,glass4 ,! 
,p>ts ( ?is ,attire1 ,see 9 ,tab4 #d4 ,b
 especially 9 ! ,figures belong+ to !   
,second ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4  #bb4 4 ,! 
use ( ! ,attire1 h[ contemptibly soev]  
we may look ^u x1 is c]ta9ly great4 ,&  
?\gh = our own use we value ! ,leaves ( 
! ,fl[]1 or ! ,foliation1 mo/2 yet ( all
 ! ?ree ,p>ts1 ?is 9 "s respects is !   
*oyce/1 z = ^: sake & s]vice ! o!r two  
are made4 ,! use h]e(1 z to ,ornam5t &  
,di/9ction1 is unque/ionable2 b is n    
all4 ,z = ,di/9ction1 ?\gh1 by ! help ( 
,glasses1 we may make x to ext5d f>2 yet
 9 a passant view1 :i* is all we usually
 make1 we _c s well4 ,z = ,ornam5t1 &   
p>ticul>ly 9 ref]5ce to ! ,semets1 we   
may ask1 ,if = t me]ly ^! 7 meant1 !n :y
 %\ld !y be s made z to break op51 or to
 conta9 any ?+ )9 !m8 ,s9ce _! ,beauty  
w\ld be z good if !y 7 n holl[2 & is    
bett] be=e !y crack & bur/ op51 ?an     
aft]w>ds4  #bc4 4 ,o!r uses h]e( !re=e  
we mu/ ackn[l$ge1 & may obs]ve4 ,"o is1 

= food2 = ,ornam5t & ,di/9ction to u1 & 
= ,food to o!r ,animals4 ,i w n say1 b t
 x may s]ve ev5 to ^! = ,di/9ction too1 
t !y may be able to "k "o ,plant f      
ano!r1 & 9 _! flight or progress settle 
:]e !y l be/3 & t !re=e ! v>ieties ( ^! 
small p>ts are _m1 & well obs]v$ by !m1 
:i* we take no notice (4 ,yet ! f9d+ out
 ( ,food is b 9 ord] to enjoy x3 ,:i*1 t
 x is provid$ = a va/ numb] ( little    
,animals 9 ! ,attires ( all ,fl[]s1     
obs]vation p]swades u to believe4 ,= :y 
else are !y ev]more "h f\nd8 ,g f "o    
,fl[] to ano!r1 great & small1 y %all   
meet ) none untak5 up ) ^! ,gue/s4 ,9   
"s1 & p>ticul>ly ! ,sun-,fl[]1 :]e !    
p>ts ( ! ,attire1 & ! ,animals = :i* !y 
provide1 are l>g]1 ! matt] is m visible4
 ,we mu/ n ?9k1 t ,god ,almighty ha?    
left any ( ! :ole ,family ( 8 ,creatures
 unprovid$ =2 b z ! ,great ,ma/]1 "s :]e
 or o!r c>ve? out to all2 & t = a great 
numb] ( ^! little ,folk1 ,he ha? /or$ up
 _! peculi> provisions 9 ! ,attires (   
,fl[]s2 ea* ,fl[] ?us becom+ _! ,lodg+ &

 _! ,d9+-,room1 bo? 9 "o4  #bd4 4 ,:]e9 
! p>ticul> p>ts ( ! ,attire may be m    
di/9ctly s]viceable1 ?is to "o ,animal1 
& t to ano!r1 ,i _c say3 ,or to ! same  
,animal1 z a ,bee1 :e!r ?is = ! ,honey1 
ano!r = _! ,bread1 a ?ird = ! ,wax3 ,or 
:e!r all only suck f h5ce "s ,juice2 or 
"s may n also c>ry "s ( ! ,p>ts1 z ( !  
,globulets1 :olly away4  #be4 4 ,or     
la/ly1 :at may be ! ,prim>y & ,private  
,use ( ! ,attire 7= ev5 ?is abovesaid1  
?\gh great1 yet is b ,second>y7 ,i n[   
det]m9e n4                              
,,*ap4 ,,vi4                            
,( ! ,,fruit4   ,,! g5]al composition ( 
all ,fruits is "o1 t is1 _! ,ess5tial & 
truly ,vital ,p>ts1 are 9 all ! same1 & 
b ! cont9uation ( ^? :i* 9 ! o!r ,p>ts (
 a ,plant1 we h already obs]v$4 ,yet    
because by ! diff]5t ,con/itutions &    
,t9ctures ( ^! ,p>ts1 div]s consid]ably 
diff]5t ,fruits result2 ,i %all !re=e   
take a p>ticul> view ( ! m kn[n &       
pr9cipal ( !m1 sc4 ,apples1 ,pe>s1      
,plums1 ,nuts & ,b]ries4   #b4 4 ,,an   

,,apple1 if cut trav]se1 appe>s         
con/itut$ ( f\r di/9ct ,p>ts1 ! ,pill+1 
! ,p>5*yma1 ,bran*]y1 & ,co>e4 ,! ,pill+
 is only ! spread+ & dilatation ( !     
,sk91 or utmo/ "p ( ! ,b>que 9 ! ,bran*4
 ,! ,p>5*yma1 :5 full ripe1 is a t5d]   
delicate ,meat4 ,yet z ! ,pill+ is b !  
,cont9uation ( ! utmo/ "p ( ! ,b>que2 s 
is ?is1 b ! cont9uance & ampliation1 or 
7z ,i may call x7 ! swel? & sup]bi5ce ( 
! ,inn] ,"p !re(2 :i* ^u obs]vation ( a 
"y & ,infant-,apple especially1 is      
evid5t4 ,?us we see ! ,pi?1 :i* is (t5  
t\gh2 9 _m ,roots1 z ,p>sneps1 ,turneps1
 c4 is t5d] & edible4 ,s "h1 ! ,p>5*yma1
 ?\gh orig9ally no m ?an ! ,b>que1 yet !
 copi\sness & purity ( its ,sap be+     
likewise effectual to ! l>gness & f95ess
 ( its gr[?1 x ?us becomes a s(t & t5d] 
meat4 ,! ,bran*]y is no?+ else b !      
,ramifications ( ! ,lign\s ,body ?r\gh\t
 all ! p>ts ( ! ,p>5*yma2 ! great]      
,bran*es be+ likewise by !              
,inosculations ( ! less 7z 9 ! ,leaf7   
unit$ toge!r4 ,! ma9 ,bran*es are       

usually ,tw5ty3 ,t5 are spr$ & di/ribut$
 ?r\gh ! ,p>5*yma1 mo/ ( !m en>*+       
!mselves t[>ds ! ,cork or ,/ool ( !     
,fl[]3 ,! o!r ,t51 runn+ f ! ,/alk 9 a  
direct] ,l9e1 at la/ meet ! =m] at !    
said ,cork1 & are !re osculat$ ) !m4 ,( 
^! latt]1 five are orig9at$ f "o2 :i*   
runn+ along ! ,c5t] ( ! ,/alk1 & "p ( ! 
,p>5*yma ( ! ,fruit1 is !re9 at la/     
divid$4 ,to ^! ! ,coats ( ! ,k]nels are 
fa/n$4 ,s t :]eas mo/ ( ^! ,bran*es 7   
orig9ally ext5d$ ev5 beyond ! ,fruit1 & 
ins]t$ into ! ,fl[] = ! due gr[? !re(2 !
 ,fruit aft]w>ds gr[+ to "s head1 & s   
int]cept+ & prey+ ^u ! ,alim5t ( !      
,fl[]1 />ves t & !refrom sup]s$es !     
s]vice ( ! said ,bran*es to x self1     
fifte5 = its ,p>5*yma1 & five = its     
,se$4 ,! ,co> is orig9at$ f ! ,pi?2 = ! 
,sap f9d+ room en\gh 9 ! ,p>5*yma1 ?r\gh
 :i* to disp5ce x self all abroad1 quits
 ! ,pi?1 :i* !reby h>d5s into a ,co>4   
,?us we see ! ,ins]tions1 al?\gh        
orig9ate f ! ,cortical ,body1 yet _!    
,p>ts be+1 by ! ,inosculations ( !      

,lign\s1 s mu* compress'd & made to     
co-incide toge!r1 !y become a ,body v   
compact & d5se4 ,& 9 ! ,b>que ! same ?+ 
is effect$ by ,arefaction only1 or a me]
 voydance ( ! ,sap2 ! ,inn] ,"p :]e(1   
?\gh s(t & sappy1 yet its sup]ficial    
,r9d is (t5 s h>d & smoo?1 t x may be   
fairly writ ^u4 ,! ,p>ts ( an ,apple1   
,see 9 ! ,figures belong+ to ! ,?ird ,"p
 ( ! ,f\r? ,book4   #c4 4 ,,9 ,a ,,pe>  
!re are five di/9ct ,p>ts1 ! ,pill+1 !  
,p>5*yma1 ,bran*]y1 ,calcul>y1 &        
,acet>y4  ,tab4 #d4 f4 #ad4  ,! ?ree =m]
 are "h & 9 an ,apple mu* alike2 sav+ t 
"h ! ,inn] or ,se$-,bran*es ord9>ily /& 
d\ble4 ,! ,calcul>y 7mo/ obs]vable 9    
r\gh-ta/$1 or ,*oak-,pe>s7 is a         
,cong]ies ( little /ony ,knots4 ,!y are 
_m ( !m disp]s$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole ,p>5*yma3
 ,b ly+ m cont9u\s & compact toge!r     
t[>ds ! ,c5t] ( ! ,pe>1 surr\nd !       
,acet>y !re1 9 a some:at ,globul> ,=m4  
,ab\t ! ,/alk !y /& m di/ant2 b t[>ds ! 
,cork or ,/ool ( ! ,fl[]1 !y /ill gr[   
clos]1 & !re at la/ ga!r 7almo/7 into ! 

firmitude ( a ,plum-/one x self4 ,)9 ?is
 lies ! ,acet>y2 'tis allways s\r1 & by 
! b\nd+ ( ! ,calcul>y ( a ,globul>      
,figure4 ',tis a simple ,body1 hav+     
nei!r any ( ! ,lign\s bran*$ 9 x1 nor   
any ,calcul\s ,knots4 ,x is ( ! same    
sub/antial nature ) ! out] ,p>5*yma2 b  
:e!r x be absolutely "o ) x1 or be d]iv$
 imm$iately f ! ,pi?1 my ,enquiries yet 
made1 det]m9e n4  #d4 4 ,! ,orig9al ( ! 
,calcul>y ,i seem to h neglect$4 ,b h]e(
 we may "h be/ say1 t :]eas all ! o!r   
,p>ts are ,ess5tial & truly ,vital2 !   
,calcul>y is n3 b t ! sev]al ,knots :]e(
 x consi/s1 are only s _m me]           
,concretions or ,precipitations out ( ! 
,sap2 z 9 ,ur9es1 ,w9es1 & o!r ,liquors1
 we (t5 see4 ,& t ! ,precipitation is   
made by ! mixture & re-action ( !       
,t9ctures ( ! ,lign\s & ,cortical       
,bodies ^u ea* o!r3 ,ev5 z all          
,vegetable ,nutrition or ,fixation (    
,p>ts is also made by ! joynt effici5cy 
( ! two same ,t9ctures1 z ha? be5 said4 
,h5ce we f9d1 t z ! ,acet>y ha? no      

,bran*es ( ! ,lign\s ,body1 s nei!r ha? 
x any ,knots4 ,h5ce likewise x is1 t we 
h s diff]5t & contr>y a ta/ 9 ! ,p>5*yma
 beyond ! ,calcul>y1 f t 9 ! ,acet>y3 ,=
 :]eas ?is is s\r1 t1 :]e9 ! said       
,precipitations are made1 is sweet2 be+ 
mu* alike effect to :at we f9d 9 mix+ ( 
,corals1 c4 ) ,v9eg> or o!r acid        
,liquors4 ,! ,p>ts ( a ,pe>1 ,see 9     
,tab4 #d4 ,b especially 9 ! ,figures    
belong+ to ! ,?ird ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4 
#e4 4 ,,9 ,a ,,plum 7to :i* ! ,*]ry1    
,apricot1 ,pea*1 ,walnut1 c4 ought to be
 ref]r'd7 !re are f\r di/9ct ,p>ts1 !   
,pill+1 ! ,p>5*yma1 ,bran*]y & ,/one4 ,!
 ,pill+ & ,p>5*yma are1 z to _!         
,orig9al1 ) ^? ( an ,apple or ,pe>1 bo? 
alike4 ,z likewise ! ,bran*]y2 b        
diff]5tly ramifi$4 ,9 ,plums 7,i suppose
 all7 !re are five ma9 ,out-,bran*es1   
:i* run along ! ,surface ( ! ,/one f !  
,basis to ! po9t !re(1 f\r ( !m by "o   
,ridge1 & "o by ! o!r opposite to x4    
,tab4 #d4 f4 #ae4  ,9 an ,apricot !re is
 ! same numb]1 b ! s+le ,bran* runs n ^u

 ! ,surface1 b ?r\gh ! ,body ( ! ,/one4 
,!re are likewise two or ?ree small]    
,bran*es1 :i* run 9 l mann] "u ! o!r    
,ridge = "s space1 & !n advanc+ into !  
,p>5*yma1 !re9 disp]se !mselves3 ,^!    
latt] sort 9 ,pea*es are num]\s ?r\gh\t4
  #f4 4 ,b not)/&+ ! diff]5t disposition
 ( ! ,bran*es ( ! ,fruits a=esaid2 yet  
is !re "o ,bran* dispos'd 9 "o & ! same 
mann] 9 !m all4 ,! entrance h]e( into ! 
,/one is at its ,basis2 f :5ce runn+    
?r\gh its ,body1 & /ill incl9+ or ar*+ x
 self t[>ds its ,concave1 is at la/1    
ab\t its ,cone1 !re9to em]g5t1  ,tab4   
#d4 f4 #ae4  :]e ! ,coats ( ! ,se$ are  
app5d5t to x4 ,( ! ,se$-,bran* 'tis     
!re=e obs]vable t aft] its entrance into
 ! ,fruit1 'tis always prolong$ !re9 to 
a consid]able l5g?2 z is se5 n only 9   
,apples1 c4 :]e ! ,se$ /&s a good       
di/ance f ! ,/alk2 b 9 ,plums likewise1 
:]e x /&s v ne> x2 9 t "h ! ,se$-,bran*1
 z is said1 nev] /rikes ?r\gh ! ,/one   
into ! ,coats ( ! ,se$ directly1 b runs 
?r\gh a ,*anel cut 9 ! ,/one1 till x    

issues1 ne> ! ,cone1 into ! ,concave    
!re(4  #g4 4 ,! ,/one ?\gh x seem a     
simple ,body1 yet x is comp\nd$ (       
diff]5t ones4 ,! ,inn] ,"p !re(1 z x is 
by f> ! ?9ne/1 s is x ! mo/ d5se1 :ite1 
smoo? & simple4 ,! ,orig9al is f ! ,pi?2
 difficult1 b curi\s to obs]ve3 ,= !    
,se$-,bran*1 n /rik+ directly &         
imm$iately q ?r\gh ! ,basis ( ! ,/one1 b
 9 ! mann] z is above describ$1 c>ries a
 consid]able ,"p ( ! ,pi?1 n[ ga!r'd    
r\nd ab\t x1 z its ,p>5*yma1 along ) x  
self2 :i* ^u its entrance into ! concave
 ( ! ,/one ab\t its f>!r end1 is !re 9  
"p spread all ov] x1 z ! ,l9+ !re(4 ,!  
out] & v mu* ?ick] ,"p1 consi/e? p>tly (
 ! l ,precipitations or concrete        
,p>ticles1 z 9 a ,pe>2 be+ ga!r$ "h mu* 
m closely1 n only to a ,contiguity1 b a 
,coalition into "o entire ,/one2 z we   
see 9 ,pe>s !mselves1 especially t[>ds !
 ,cork1 !y ga!r into ! l ,/on9ess2 or z 
a ,/one1 ,m9]al1 or ,animal1 is (t5times
 ! product ( accumulat$ ,gravel4 ,b z ! 
,p>5*yma is mix$ ) ! ,concretions 9 !   

,calcul>y1 s is x also1 ?\gh n visibly1 
) ^! 9 ! ,/one1 ! gr\nd ( ! ,/one be+   
inde$ a p]fect ,p>5*yma2 b by ! said    
,concretions s f> alt]'d1 z to become   
dry1 h>d & undi/+ui%able f !m4 ,all :i* 
,p>ticul>s1 are obs]vable only 9 !      
sev]al degrees ( ,gr[? 9 ! "y ,fruit4 ,&
 are repres5t$ 9 ,tab4 #d4 ,b especially
 by ! sev]al ,figures belong+ to ! ,?ird
 & ,f\r? ,p>ts ( ! ,f\r? ,book4   #h4 4 
,,9 ,a ,,nut 7to :i* an ,ak]n is        
analog\s7 !re are ?ree g5]al ,p>ts1 !   
,cap1 ,%ell1 & ,pi?4 ,! ,cap is         
con/itut$ ( a ,pill+ & ,p>5*yma1 d]iv$ f
 ! ,b>que2 & ,ramulets f ! ,lign\s ,body
 ( ! ,bran*4 ,! ,%ell likewise is n "o  
simple ,body1 b comp\nd$4 ,! ,sup]ficial
 ,"p !re( is orig9at$ f ! ,pill+ or ,sk9
 ( ! ,cap1 f ! inside :]e( x is1 9 a    
,duplicature1 produc'd & spr$ ov] !     
,%ell4 ,:i*1 if y look at ! ,basis ( !  
,%ell1 is f>!r evid5t3 = t be+ cont9u\s 
) ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,cap1 )\t ! int]posure 
( ! ,sk91 ! said sup]ficial ,"p is !re  
want+4 ,! ?ick] & inn] ,"p ( ! ,%ell    

consi/e? ( ! same ,p>5*yma z t ( ! ,cap1
 ) a ,cong]ies ( ,precipitations sill$  
up1 z 9 a ,/one4 ,& z ! ,lign\s ,body is
 bran*$ 9 a ,/one1 s1 ) "s diff]5ce1 9 a
 ,%ell4 ,! out] ,bran*es or ,ramulets   
are num]\s1 ea* issu+ out ( ! ,p>5*yma (
 ! ,cap1 & entr+ ! ,%ell at !           
,circumf]5ce ( its ,basis1 & s runn+    
betwixt its sup]ficial & inn] ,p>ts     
t[>ds ! ,cone1 r\nd ab\t4 ,! ,inn] or   
,se$-,bran* is s+le1 entr+ 91 z d ! o!r1
 at ! ,basis ( ! ,%ell1 b at ! ,c5t]    
!re(3 f :5ce x runs1 n ?r\gh ! ,%ell1 z 
9 ,plums ?r\gh ! ,/one2 b ?r\gh ! ,pi?1 
z f> z ! ,cone1 :]e ! ,coats ( ! ,se$   
hang app5d5t to x4 ,! ,pi? :e!r d]iv$ f 
! same "p bo? 9 "n & nature 9 ! ,bran* &
 ,/alk2 or f ! ,cortical ,body1 ,i yet  
det]m9e n4 ,! ,p>ts ( a ,nut1 ,see 9 !  
,figures belong+ to ! ,?ird ,"p ( !     
,f\r? ,book4   #i4 4 ,a ,,b]ry1 z a     
,gooseb]ry 7to :i* ,cor9?s1 ,grapes     
,hips1 c4 are to be ref]r'd7 consi/e?1  
besides ! ,se$1 ( ! ?ree g5]al ,p>ts1   
,pill+1 ,p>5*yma & ,bran*]y4 ,! ,pill+  

is orig9at$ z 9 ! =ego+ ,fruits4 ,!     
,p>5*yma is d\ble1 z likewise 9 "s o!r  
,b]ries4 ,! out] is commonly1 toge!r ) !
 ,pill+1 call'd ! ,sk91 & is t "p we    
spit out1 be+ ( a s\r ta/4 ,n[ z !      
,pill+ is orig9at$ f ! out]1 s ?is f !  
inn] ,"p ( ! ,b>que2 & accord+ly !      
,pores !re( may be obs]v$ pla9ly ( a l  
%ape ) ^? bo? ( ! ,cortical ,body &     
,pi?4 ,! ,inn] or ,pulp is ( a sweet    
ta/e1 & is ! ,"p we eat3 ,x is ( a      
,sub/ance s laxe & t5d]1 z x w\ld seem  
to be only a ?ick] or jelli$ ,juice2    
al?\gh ?is likewise be a true ,p>5*yma1 
some?+ l t ( an ,orange or ,limon1 ) its
 ,pores all fill'd up ) ,liquor4 ,!     
,bran*]y is likewise d\ble3 ,! ,ext]ior 
runs betwixt ! ,pill+ & ,out] ,p>5*yma 9
 ar*$ ,l9es1 f ! ,/alk to ! ,/ool ( !   
,fl[]4 ,^! out] ,bran*es1 ?\gh ( v>i\s  
numb] at ! ,/alk1 yet at ! ,cork are    
usually t5 pr9cipal ones2 five = ! five 
,leaves ( ! ,fl[]1 & five = ! ,attire4  
,! ,inn] ma9 ,bran*es are two1          
diametrically opposite to ea* o!r1 & at 

! ,cork ) ! o!r inosculat$4 ,f ^! two   
are bran*$ o!r small]1 e "o hav+ a ,se$ 
app5d5t to x1 ^: ,coats x entre? by a   
d\ble ,filam5t1 "o at ! ,basis1 ! o!r at
 ! ,cone4 ,!y are all v :ite & turg5t1 &
 by a slaunt cut1 may be obs]v'd        
concave2 ?us repres5t+ !mselves analog\s
 to s _m true sp]matick ,vessels4 ,!    
,p>ts ( a ,gooseb]ry1 ,see 9 ! ,figures 
belong+ to ! ,?ird ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4 
#aj4 4 ,! ,uses ( ,fruits are = ,man1   
7sometimes also o!r ,animals1 z are     
,ak]ns & ,haws7 & = ! ,se$4 ,= ,man1 !y 
are s v>i\sly desirable1 t till our     
,or*>ds & ,/ore-,*amb]s1                
,confection]s-,/oves & ,apo!c>ies-,%ops1
 our ,ladies ,closets1 _! ,tables or    
,h&s are empty ( !m1 ,i %all n ne$ to   
enquire = :at4 ,if x be ask$1 h[ !      
,fruit becomes1 g5]ally above all ! o!r 
,p>ts1 s pleasant a ,meat8 ,x is p>tly f
 ! ,sap1 ! gross] portion !re( be+      
deposit$ 9 ! ,leaves1 & s ! pur] h]eunto
 res]v$4 ,p>tly f ! ,globul> ,figure ( !
 ,fruit4 ,= ! ,sap be+ ?us 9 a great]   

quantity h]e91 & 9 all ,p>ts equally    
diffus'd1 ! ,concoction h]e(1 z 9 a     
,vessel1 is ) greate/ advantage fav\r$ &
 promot$4 ,:]e=e all ,fruits1 :i* we eat
 raw1 h[ small soev]1 are ( a ,globul>  
,=m1 or !reunto approa*+2 & ! ne>]1 !   
delicat]2 among/ ,apples1 ! ,pip92      
among/ ,pe>s1 ! ,burgundian2 & among/   
all ,fruits1 ! ,grape2 & among/ ,grapes1
 ! r\nde/1 are ( all1 ! mo/ da9ty4  #aa4
 4 ,! visible cause ( ?is ,globul>      
,figure1 is ! ,fl[]2 or ! ,inosculation 
( all ! ma9 ,bran*es at ! ,/ool ( !     
,fl[]2 & ^u ! fall ( ! ,fl[]1 !         
obtus5ess1 & ) ,w9d & ,sun1 z x 7 ! sea+
 ( _! sev]al ends3 ,= ?us ! ,sap ent]+ !
 ,fruit1 be+ n able to effect1 ei!r a   
,disunion1 or a %oot+ =? ( ! said       
,bran*es1 & s to c>ry on _! ,gr[? 9     
l5g?2 !y mu/ ( necessity be en>*'d1 & ) 
! ,p>5*yma m & m exp& !mselves4 ,:]eas 7
 !y dispos$ & qualifi$ o!rwise1 ?an z is
 said2 in/ead ( =m+ a ,fruit )9 b\nds1  
!y w\ld run out into all extravagance1 &
 ev5 into ano!r little ,tree or ,leafy  

,gr[?4  #ab4 4 ,to ! ,se$1 ! ,fruit is  
s]viceable2 ,fir/1 9 ord] to its be+    
supply'd ) a due & mo/ conv5i5t ,sap1 ! 
great] "p !re(1 & t :i* is less         
elaborat$1 be+1 9 its passage t[>ds !   
,se$1 !re9to receiv$2 ! ,fruit do+ !    
same (fice to ! ,se$1 :i* ! ,leaves d to
 ! ,fruit2 ! ,sap 9 ! ,fruit be+1 9 a   
laxe comp>ison1 z ! ,w9e2 & t = ! ,se$1 
a small "p ( ! highe/ ,_s rectifi$ f x4 
#ac4 4 ,s likewise = its ,protection1 9 
ord] to ! prosp]\s c>ry+ on & p]fect+ ( 
its g5]ation1 & security be+ p]fect$4   
,:i* protection x gives n only to !     
,sem9al ,sap & ,se$ x self1 b ev] also  
to its ,se$-,bran*4 ,?us we see an      
,apple1 besides t x is x self ( ample   
compass1 = ! sake ( its ,se$1 ha?       
likewise its ,co>2 z if x 7 n suffici5t1
 t ! ,walls ( _! ,room are s v ?ick1    
unless also wa9scoat$4 ,9 a ,pe> aga91  
:]e ! ,p>5*yma is ( less compass ?an t (
 an ,apple1 to :at protection ?is af=ds1
 t ( ! ,calcul>y is sup]-add$4 ,b 9 a   
,plum1 :]e ! ,p>5*yma is exce$+ t5d]1 & 

9 a ,pea*1 :i* hangs late1 & till       
,autumn ,fro/s approa*1 we h n only !   
,rubbi% ( a ,calcul>y1 b /\t            
,/one-,walls4 ,)9 :i* also1 n only !    
,se$ x self1 b ! ,se$-,bran* is ev]more 
immur'd4 ,la/ly1 9 a ,nut1 :]e ! ,%ell  
be+ n surr\nd$ ) a ,p>5*yma1 t          
protection is want+ )\t1 'tis answ]'d by
 an ample ,pi? )9 x2 & ! ,se$-,bran*    
likewise includ$1 n me]ly 9 ! ,body ( ! 
,%ell1 z 9 a ,plum1 b )9 ! ,pi? x self4 
,s necess>y is ?is design1 t :at ! ,h5  
by ,incubation or ,hov]+1 is to ! ,egg  
or ,*ick2 t ! :ole ,fruit1 by           
compreh5sion1 is to ! ,se$4             
,,*ap4 ,,vii4                 ,( !      
,,se$1 9 its ,/ate ( ,g5]ation4   ,,z ! 
,orig9al1 s ! ,ultimate end & ,p]fection
 ( ,vegetation is ! ,se$4 ,h[ x is !    
=m]1 & 9 its /ate apt = ,vegetation1 ha?
 already be5 se54 ,h[ ! latt]1 & 9 its  
/ate ( ,g5]ation1 we %all n[ la/ly      
enquire4 ,9 do+ :i*1 :at 9 ! o!r /ate1 0
 ei!r n di/9ctly exi/5t1 or n s app>5t1 
or n s intelligible1 w occur4  #b4 4 ,! 

two g5]al ,p>ts ( ! ,se$ are its ,cov]s 
& ,body4 ,! ,cov]s 9 ?is e/ate are      
usually ,f\r4 ,! outmo/1 we may call !  
,case4 ',tis ( a v v>i\s =m2 sometimes a
 ,p\*1 z 9 ,na/urtium1 ,co*le>ia2 a     
,cod1 z 9 all ,pulse1 ,galega2 sometimes
 n entire1 b p>t$1 or o!rwise op51 z 9  
,sorrel1 ,knotgrass2 ) _m o!r =ms3 ,i   
?9k alwaies m het]og5e\s to t ( ! ,se$1 
by :i* x diff]s f ! prop] ,coats4 ,to   
?is ! ,caps ( ,nuts1 & ! ,p>5*yma's (   
o!r ,fruits are analog\s4  #c4 4 ,! two 
next are prop]ly ! ,coats4 ,9 a ,bean   
especially1 & ! l2 f :5ce1 to avoyd     
,confusion1 ! d5om9ation may run common 
to ! respond+ ,cov]s ( o!r ,se$s4 ,!    
,col\r ( ! out]1 is ( all degrees1 f    
,:ite to ! ,blackness ( ,jett4 ,its     
,figure sometimes ,kidney'd1 z 9 ,alcea1
 ,beh51 ,poppy2 ,triangul>1 z 9         
,polygonatum1 ,sorrel2 ,sph]ically      
triangul>1 9 ,m5?a1 ,melissa2 ,circul>1 
9 ,leucoium1 ,am>an?us2 ,globul>1 9     
,napus1 ,asp]ula2 ,oval1 9 ,speculum    
,v5]is1 ,ti?ymalus2 half ,globe1 9      

,cori&]2 t :i* we take = "o s+le r\nd   
,se$1 be+ a ,conjugation ( two2 half    
,oval1 9 ,anise1 ,f5nel2 ,ha/al1 9      
,lactuca2 ,cyl9drical1 z1 if ,i mi/ake  
n1 9 ,jacoba2 ,pyramidal1 9 ,g]anium    
,al? fol4 ) _m o!r diff]5ces4 ,b !      
,p]fection ( "o or two ( ! said ,figures
 lie? 9 ! ,case4 ,s t1 z all ,l9es &    
,proportions are 9 ! ,leaf & ,fl[]2 s   
all ,regul> ,solids 9 ! ,se$2 or r 9 its
 ,cov]s4  #d4 4 ',tis sometimes gli/]+1 
z 9 ,speculum ,v5]is2 ,r\gh-ca/1 9      
,catanance2 ,/udd$1 9 ,beh51 ,baltt>ia2 
,fav\s1 9 ,papav]1 ,antirrh9um1 ,lepidum
 annuum1 ,alcea ,vesic>ia1 ,hyoscyamus1 
& _m m1 be=e ! ,se$s h la9 long by2     
,p\nc$1 9 ,phalangium ,cret1            
,li?osp]mum2 ,ramifi$1 9 ,p5taphyllum   
fragif]um ,erectum majus1 resembl+ !    
,fib]s ( ! ,e>s ( ! ,he>t2 "s j         
,qu9qu5]val1 z 9 ,anisum1 & _m m1 !     
,lign\s ,body be+ 9 five ma9 ,fib]s     
bran*$ !re94 ,! ,figures1 & ,surface1 ( 
,^!1 & o!r ,se$s1 ,see 9 ! ,tables      
belong+ to ! ,f\r? ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4 

#e4 4 ,! ,cov]s ( n only ,qu9ce-,se$s1 &
 ^? ( ,psyllium 7m usually tak5 notice  
(7 b ^? also ( ,horm9um1 ,na/urtium1    
,eruca1 ,camel9a1 ,ocymum1 & div]s o!rs1
 h a ,mucilage4 ,:i*1 ?\gh x be n       
visible :5 ! ,se$s are ?r\ghly dry2 yet 
ly+ a :ile 9 "s w>m ,liquor1 or only on 
! ,tongue1 x swells m or less1 & ^u !m  
all fairly %ews x self4 ,on t ( ,ocymum 
x appe>s grayi%2 on ! o!r1 transp>5t2 & 
on t ( ,na/urtium ,hort5se v l>ge2 ev5  
emul\s ( ! inn] ,pulp surr\nd+ a        
,gooseb]ry-,se$4 ,! putt+ ( ,cl>y-se$   
into ! ,eye1 may h be5 br\ght into use f
 ?is ,mucilage1 by :i* alone x may      
become ,m$ic9al4 ,& ?us f> ( !          
,sup]ficies4  #f4 4 ,! nature ( ! out]  
,coat is also v>i\s1 ,membran\s1        
,c>tilag9\s & ,/ony2 ! l ,precipitations
 be+ sometimes made h]e91 z 9 a ,/one or
 ,%ell2 z 9 t ( ! ,se$s ( ,c>?amum1     
,li?osp]mum & o!rs4 ,! ,designm5t h]e(1 
be+ ei!r ) respect to ! ,se$ 9 its /ate 
( ,g5]ation2 z :]e ! ,case is ei!r      
want+1 or at lea/ insuffici5t ( x self1 

!re = its due protection & w>m?4 ,or1 9 
its /ate ( ,vegetation1 = ! bett]       
,f]m5t+ ( its ,t9ctures & ,sap2 !       
,f]m5tations ( "s ,se$s n well proce$+1 
unless !y lie 9 _! ,/ony ,casks 9 !     
,gr\nd1 l ,bottl$ ,liquors 9 ,s&4  #g4 4
 ,all ,se$s h _! out] ,cov]s op52 ei!r  
by a p>ticul> ,=am51 z 9 ,beans1 & o!r  
,pulse1 z is said2 or by ! break+ (f ( !
 ,se$ f its ,p$uncle or ,/ool1 z 9 ^? 9 
,cucumb]1 ,ci*ory2 or by ! ent]+ &      
passage ( a ,bran* or ,bran*es1 n only  
into ! ,concave !re( ne> ! ,cone1 b also
 ?r\gh ! ,cone x self2 z 9 ,%ells &     
,/ones4  #h4 4 ,= ! sake ( ?is ap]ture x
 is1 t ,ak]ns1 ,nuts1 ,beans1 ,cucumb]s1
 & mo/ o!r ,se$s1 are 9 _! =mation s    
plac$1 t ! ,radicle /ill /&e? next to x2
 ,t ,s1 ^u ,vegetation1 x may h a free &
 ready passage into ! ,m\ld4  #i4 4 ,!  
,orig9al ( ! out] ,coat1 ?\gh f ,p>ts ( 
! same sub/antial nature1 yet is        
diff]5tly made4 ,9 a ,plum1 !           
,se$-,bran* :i* runns1 z is describ$1   
?r\gh ! ,/one1 is n nak$1 b1 z is said1 

inve/$ ) a ?9 ,p>5*yma1 :i* x c>ries f !
 ,/alk along ) x2 & :i*1 by !           
,ramification ( ! said ,bran* )9 !      
,/one1 is1 9 "p1 dilat$ into a ,coat4 ,t
 ( a ,bean is f ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,cod2 !  
sup]ficial "p ( :i* ,p>5*yma1 ^u ! l>ge 
p$uncle ( ! ,bean becom+ a ?9 ,cuticle1 
& ^u ! ,bean x self a ,c>tilag9\s ,coat4
  #aj4 4 ,! ,orig9al ( ! inn] ,coat ( ! 
,bean is likewise f ! inn] "p ( ! said  
,p>5*yma2 :i* fir/ is spr$ into a long  
,cake1 or t :i* ) ! ,se$-,bran* make? ! 
,p5duncle ( ! ,bean2 "u :i* ,cake1 !re  
is usually a black "p or spot2 by ! l5g?
 ( :i*1 ! inn] "p ( ! ,cake is next     
ins]t$ into ! out] ,coat1 & spr$ all ov]
 ! ,concave !re(1 & s becomes ! inn]4   
#aa4 4 ,( ?is ,inn] ,coat x is v        
obs]vable1 ,t al?\gh :5 ! ,se$ is gr[n  
old & dry1 'tis %runk up1 & 9 mo/ ,se$s1
 s f>1 z sc>cely to be disc]n'd2 yet 9  
its fir/ & juv5ile ,con/itution1 x is a 
v ,spongy & ,sappy body2 & is !n        
likewise 7z ! ,womb 9 a ,pregnant       
,animal7 9 proportion1 v ?ick & bulky4  

,9 a ,bean1 ev5 z "o ( ! ,lobes x self3 
,& 9 a ,plum or ,apricot1 ,i ?9k ,i may 
safely say1 half an hundr$ times ?ick]  
?an aft]w>ds1 :5 x is dri$ & %runk up1 &
 c sc>cely be di/+ui%$ f ! upp] ,coat4  
,^u :i* ,acc\nts x is1 9 ?is e/ate a    
true & fair ,p>5*yma4 ,! ,del9eation    
h]e(1 ,see 9 ! ,figures belong+ to !    
,f\r? ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4  #ab4 4 ,9   
?is ,inn] ,coat 9 a ,bean1 ! ,lign\s    
,body or ,se$-,bran* is di/ribut$3      
,sometimes1 z 9 ,fr5*-,beans1 ?r\gh\t ! 
:ole ,coat1 z x is 9 a ,leaf4 ,9 !      
,great ,g>d5-,bean1 ^u its fir/         
entrance1 x is bip>tite1 & s 9 small    
,bran*es runs along ! ,circumf]5ce ( !  
,coat1 all meet+ & mak+ a k9d (         
,reticulation aga9/ ! ,belly ( ! ,bean4 
,9 ! same mann] ! ma9 ,bran*es 9 ! out] 
,coat ( a ,k]nel1 circl+ !mselves on bo?
 h&s f ! place ( _! fir/ entrance1 at   
la/ meet1 & mutually inosculate2 z !    
,ve9s 9 ! ,kidneys ( a ,man or any      
,quadrup$e2 ,or ! ,c>otick ,art]ies 9 ! 
,bra9e4  #ac4 4 ,s t all ! ,p>ts ( a    

,vegetable1 ! ,root1 ,trunk1 ,bran*1    
,leaf1 ,fl[]1 ,fruit & ,se$1 are /ill   
made up ( ,two ,sub/antially diff]5t    
,bodies4  #ad4 4 ,& z e ,"p ha? ,two1 s 
! :ole ,vegetable tak5 toge!r1 is a     
composition ( ,two only1 & no m3 ,all   
prop]ly ,woody ,p>ts1 ,/r+s & ,fib]s1   
are ,"o ,body3 ,all simple ,b>ques1     
,pi?s1 ,p>5*yma's & ,pulps1 & z to _!   
sub/antial ,nature1 ,pills & ,sk9s      
likewise1 all b ,"o ,body3 ! sev]al     
,p>ts ( a ,vegetable all diff]+ f ea*   
o!r1 only by ! v>i\s ,proportions &     
,mixtures1 & v>iat$ ,pores & ,/ructure (
 ^! ,two ,bodies4 ,:at f ^! two g5]al   
,obs]vations might reasonably be        
inf]r'd1 ,i %all n n[ m5tion4  #ae4 4 ,!
 ,f\r? or ,inn]mo/ ,cov] we may call !  
,second9e4 ,! sight ( :i*1 by cutt+ (f !
 ,coats ( an ,infant-,bean1 at ! ,cone  
!re(1 9 v ?9 ,slices1 & ) great         
,caution1 may be obta9'd4 ,:ile unbrok51
 'tis transp>5t2 be+ torn & tak5 (f1 x  
ga!rs up into ! lik5ess ( a ,jelly1 or t
 we call ! ,tr$le ( an ,egg1 :5         

re>-boyl'd4 ,?is ,membrance 9 l>g] or   
eld] ,beans1 is n to be f\nd di/9ct4 ,b 
7z f> z our ,enquiries yet discov]7 x   
may 9 mo/ o!r ,se$s1 ev5 full gr[n1 be  
di/9ctly se52 z 9 ^? ( ,cucumb]1        
,colocyn?is1 ,burdock1 ,c>?amum1        
,gromwel1 ,endive1 ,mall[s1 c4  ,tab4   
#d4 f4 #af4  ',tis usually s v ?91 z 9 !
 above-nam'd1 z v difficultly to be     
discov]'d4 ,b 9 "s ,k]nels1 z (         
,apricots1 'tis v ?ick2 & mo/ rem>quably
 su*1 9 "s o!r ,se$s4 ,t all ^! h !     
,analogy ( "o & ! same ,cov]1 :i* ,i    
call ! ,second9e1 is mo/ probably argu'd
 f _! alike ,natures2 be+ all ( !m pla9 
simple ,membranes1 ) n ! lea/ ,fibre ( !
 ,lign\s ,body or ,se$ ,bran*1 visibly  
di/ribut$ 9 !m3 ,z also f _! ,texture1  
:i* is 9 all ( !m m close4 ,see ?is ,"p 
9 ,tab4 #d4 ,z also among/ ! ,figures   
belong+ to ! ,f\r? ,"p ( ! ,f\r? ,book4 
#af4 4 ,! ,concave ( ?is ,membrane is   
fill$ ) a mo/ transp>5t ,liquor1 out (  
:i* ! ,se$ is =m$2 z 9 cutt+ a petite & 
,infant-,bean1 may be se52 & yet bett] 9

 a "y ,walnut4 ,9 ,beans ,i h obs]v$ x  
to turn1 ^u boyl+1 into a t5d] :ite     
,coagulum4  #ag4 4 ,?r\gh ?is ,membrane1
 ! ,lign\s ,body or ,se$-,bran*es       
di/ribut$ 9 ! inn] ,coat1 at la/ %oot   
d[nright two sl5d] ,fibres1 l two       
,navel-/r+s1 "o into ea* ,lobe ( !      
,bean4  ,tab4 #d4 f4 #ah4 ,! places :]e 
! said ,fibres %oot into ! ,lobes1 are  
ne> ! ,basis ( ! ,radicle2 & by _!      
,blacki%ness well en\gh rem>k'd3 b !    
,fib]s !mselves are s v small1 z sc>cely
 to be disc]n'd4 ,yet 9 a ,lup9e1 ( !   
l>g] k9d1 bo? ! places :]e !            
,navel-,fibres %oot into ! ,lobes 7:i*  
"h f ! ,basis ( ! ,radicle is m remote7 
& ! ,fibres !mselves1 are fairly        
visible4 ,= ! ,se$-,bran*1 ^u its       
entrance into ! ,coat ( ! ,lup9e1 is    
pres5tly divid$ into two ma9 ,bran*es1 &
 ^? two into o!r less2 :]e( "s und]ly1  
o!rs al(t1 run along ! ,coat1 & t[>ds   
its o!r end meet & are inosculat$3 :]e  
ab\t1 two opposite1 %all[1 r\nd1 & mo/  
m9ute ,cavities1 answ]able to two       

,specks ( a ,c>tilag9\s gloss1  ,tab4   
#d4 f4 #ag4  "o 9 ei!r ,lobe1 may be    
obs]v$2 :i* ,specks are ! ends ( ! said 
,navel-,fibres1 ^u ! rip5+ ( ! ,se$ !re 
brok5 (f4 ,^! ,fibres f ! ,sup]ficies ( 
ea* ,lobe1 desc5d a little way directly 
d[n3 pres5tly1 ea* is divid$ into two   
,bran*es1 "o di/ribut$ into ! ,lobes1 ! 
o!r into ! ,radicle & ,plume1  ,tab4 #d4
 f4 #ah4  9 ! mann] z 9 ! ,fir/ ,*apt]  
is describ$4 ,& ?us f> ! ,hi/ory4 ,i    
%all n[ only ) a brief acc\nt ( !       
,g5]ation ( ! ,se$1 z h]eupon dep5d5t1  
conclude ?is ,disc\rse4    ,an ,acc\nt (
 ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$4  #ah4 4 ,,let ,,u
 say !n1 t ! ,sap hav+ 9 ! ,root1 ,trunk
 & ,leaves1 pass$ div]s ,concoctions &  
,sep>ations1 9 ! mann] z !y are said to 
be p]=m'd !re92 'tis n[ at la/1 9 "s    
good maturity1 advanc$ t[>ds ! ,se$4    
#ai4 4 ,! m copi\s & crud] "p h]e( is   
aga9 sep>at$ by a free reception into ! 
,fruit1 or o!r ,"p analog\s to x3 be+   
ei!r suffici5tly ample to conta9 x1 or  
at lea/ laxe en\gh = its transpiration1 

& s its due dis*>ge4 ,! m ,ess5tial "p  
is into ! ,se$-,bran* or ,bran*es       
ent]ta9'd4 ,:i*1 because !y are ev]more 
( a v consid]able l5g?1 & ( a           
,con/itution v f9e1 ! said ,sap ?us     
becomes 9 its ,curr5t !re9 z 9 !        
,sp]matick ,vessels1 /ill m mature4     
#bj4 4 ,9 ?is mature e/ate1 f !         
,se$-,bran* into ! ,coats ( ! ,se$1 z   
into ! ,womb1 'tis next deliv]$ up4 ,!  
mean] "p h]e( aga91 to ! ,out]1 z       
,alim5t good en\gh1 is suppli$4 ,! f9]  
"p is transmitt$ to ! ,inn]2 :i* be+1 z 
is said1 a ,p>5*ym\s & m spati\s ,body1 
! ,sap !re=e is n h]e91 z 9 ! ,out]1 a  
me] ,alim5t2 b 9 ord] to its be+1 by    
,f]m5tation1 f>!r prep>$4  #ba4 4 ,yet !
 ,out] ,coat1 be+ on ! contr>y h>d &    
d5se2 = t reason1 z x admitte? n !      
,f]m5tation ( ! ,sap s well )9 x self2 s
 do? x ! m promote & fav\r x 9 ! ,inn]2 
be+ ,b\nds bo? to x & its ,sap2 & also  
quick5e? ! process ( ! :ole ,"w 9 !     
=mation ( ! ,se$4  #bb4 4 ,nor do? !    
,out] ,coat1 = ! same reason1 m promote1

 ?an decl>e ! purity ( ! ,sap n[ conta9$
 9 ! ,inn]3 ,= be+ m h>d & d5se1 & s n  
p]spirable1 mu/ ne$s suppose ! ,p>ts ( !
 ,sap encompass$ by x1 s9ce ?us         
uncapable ( any evacuation1 to be !re=e 
all s *oice1 z n to ne$ x4  #bc4 4 ,!   
,sap be+ ?us prep>$ 9 ! ,inn] ,coat1 z a
 ,liquor n[ apt to be ! ,sub/ratum ( !  
future ,se$-,embrio2 by fre% supplies1  
is !nce dis*>g'd4 ,yet t x may n be     
ov]-copi\s2 :i*1 because ( ! laxity ( ! 
,inn] ,coat1 f :5ce x issues1 x might   
easily be3 !re=e1 z ! said ,inn] ,coat  
is b\nd$ )\t1 by ! upp] ,coat2 s by !   
,secund9e1 is x b\nd$ )94 ,?r\gh :i*    
,secund9e ! ,sap be+ filtr'd1 or1 z x 71
 transpir+2 ! depositure h]e(1 answ]able
 to ! ,colliquam5tum 9 an ,egg1 or to ! 
,sem5 ,mulibre1 into its ,concave at la/
 is made4  #bd4 4 ,! o!r "p ( ! pure/   
,sap embosom'd 9 ! ,ramulets ( !        
,se$-,bran*1 runs a ,circle1 or "s      
progress !re92 & s becomes1 z ! ,sem5   
,mascul9um1 yet m elaborate4  #be4 4    
,:]e9 also1 le/ its ,curr5t %\ld be too 

copi\s or precipitant1 by _! co-arcture 
& div>ication :]e !y are inosculat$1 x  
is ret>d$2 ! noble/ portion only obta9+ 
a pass4  #bf4 4 ,) ?is pure/ ,sap1 !    
said ,ramulets be+ suppli$1 f !nce at   
la/1 ! ,navel-,fibres %oot 7z !         
primitive ,art]y into ! ,colliquam5tum7 
?r\gh ! ,secund9e into ! a=esaid ,liquor
 deposit$ !re94  #bg4 4 ,into :i*       
,liquor1 be+ n[ %ot1 & its own prop]    
,sap or ,t9ctures mix$ !re)1 x /rikes x 
?us into a ,coagulum2 or ( a ,liquor1 x 
becomes a ,body consi/5t & truly        
,p>5*ym\s4 ,& ! supply ( ! said ,liquor 
/ill cont9u'd1 & ! %oot+ ( !            
,navel-,fibres1 z is above describ$1    
/ill c>ri$ on1 ! said ,coagulation or   
,fixation is !re) likewise4  #bh4 4 ,& 9
 ! ,int]im ( ! ,coagulation1 a g5tle    
,f]m5tation be+ also made1 ! said       
,p>5*yma or ,coagulum become? su*1 n (  
any ,texture indiff]5tly1 b is ?us rais$
 7z we see ,bread 9 ,bak+7 into a       
,cong]ies ( ,bladd]s3 ,= su* is !       
,p>5*yma ( ! :ole ,se$4                 

,,f9is4                                 
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,roots2              ,pres5t$ to !     
,,royal ,,society at sev]al times1      
9 ! ,ye>s1 #afgb  #afgc4                
,) an ,acc\nt ( !                       
,,vegetation ,,( ,,roots1               
,gr\nd$ *iefly h]eupon4                 
,! ,,second ,,book4                     
,by ,,nehemiah ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[ ( ! 
,royal ,society1 & ( ! ,college (       
,physicians4                            
,! ,second ,edition4                    
,,london1                      ,pr9t$ by
 ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                    
,,to ,,!                                
,"r ,hon\rable                          
,,william                          ,"l  
,vi-,c\nt ,,br\nck]                     
,,!                                     
,,presid5t                              
,,& ,,to ,,!                            
,c\ncil & ,fell[s                       

,,( ,,!                                 
,,royal ,,society4  ,,my ,,"l1  ,if !   
,d$ication ( ,books 7 n 9 use2 yet "h1  
,i ?9k1 ,i might h be5 a ,prec$5t4 ,!   
promotion ( ,phytological ,sci5ce is "o 
,"p ( ,y\r ,"w2 & 'tis ,y h call$ me to 
! managem5t ( ?is ,"p2 = "s "t1 h       
intru/$ me h]e92 & by ,y\r mo/ fav\rable
 & c&id acceptance ( :at ,i h p]=m$ ?us 
f>1 h enc\rag$ me h]eunto3 ,i !re=e     
pres5t b ,y\r ,own1 into ,y\r ,h&s4  ,! 
great ,hon\r & ,advantage ( ,y\r        
,fell[%ip1 ,i fir/ obta9$1 by ,m$iation 
( ,dr4 ,wilk9s1 ! late mo/ ,rev]5d      
,bi%op ( ,*e/]4 ,:om ,i _c "n1 )\t say+ 
?us mu* ( him1 ,t ,he 0 a ,p]son ( t    
em95t & happy ,wor?1 :i*1 z x 0 too     
good1 to fe> envy2 s is x too great1 to 
ne$ an ,elogie4  ,) ,him1 x 01 ,y 7     
pleas$ to commit to ,me1 ! fur!r        
prosecution ( ?is ,"w2 ! ,beg9n+s :]e(1 
7 by ,y\r ,ord] =m]ly made publique4 ,_h
 ,i consult$ my own ,abilities altoge!r1
 ,i %\ld sc>cely h v5tur$ ^u x2 see+ v  
little1 = :i* ,i c\ld ?9k well ( my     

self1 sav+1 ,t ,i _h le>n$1 ^u good     
gr\nds1 to ?9k ( ,y ) greate/ ,hon\r4 ,b
 ,i also consid]$1 ,t to insi/ h]eon too
 mu*1 might be a reflection ^u ,y\r     
,judgm5ts1 :o _h ?\ght fit to make *oice
 ( ,me4 ,&1 ,t ,y 7 n m ! ,patrons (    
,wit1 ?an ( ,indu/ry2 & ( ,all1 :o %all 
endeav\r to f9d out1 or to confirm !    
,tru? ( ,?+s4 ,)al1 ,i look$ ^u ,nature1
 z a ,treasure s inf9itely full2 t z all
 ,m5 toge!r1 _c exhau/ x2 s no ,man1 b  
may f9d out some:at !re91 if he be      
resolv$ to ,try4  ,9 compliance !re=e ) 
,y\r ,comm&s1 ,i h h]eunto devot$ a v   
consid]able "p ( my ,"t4 ,^!1 add+ =ce  
to my own ,desires1 ( be+ some:at       
in/rum5tal to ! ,improvem5t ( ,m$ic9al1 
& o!r :olesom ,k3 if p]adv5ture1 z we   
increase h]e91 we may become bett]1 & m 
happy4 ,z to :i* ,improvem5t1 ?\gh ,i   
c\ld n hope2 yet1 ,i w\ld n dispair4 ,i 
h already prep>$ ! ,soil1 & made "s     
,plantation3 :at rema9e? beh9d1 & !     
,v9tage ( ! :ole1 w dep5d mu* ^u !      
cont9u$ ,influ5ce ( ,y\r ,beams3 = h[   

unpromis+ soev] ! ,/ock may be2 yet !   
,fruit _c b be some:at matur$1 ^u :i* ,y
 are pleas$ to %9e4 ,i am also confid5t1
 t ! same ,nobilty & ,goodness1 :i*     
accept ! endeav\rs1 w likewise p>don !  
faults1 (1                              
,my ,"l1                        ,y\r    
,lord%ips mo/ humbly                    
& mo/ s9c]ly                            
devot$ ,s]vant                          
,,nehemjah ,,grew4  ,septemb] #a4 #afgc4
                                        
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts4                              
,! ,,fir/ ,,"p4                         
,,*ap4 ,i4  ,o,f ! ,orig9al ( ,roots1 4 
#a1 #b1 #c4 ,( _! ,figures1 #d1 to #h4  
,( _! ,motions1 #i1 to #ae4 ,& ( _!     
,ages1 #af1 to ! end4                   
,,*ap4 ,,ii4  ,o,f ! ,sk94 ,its ext]nal 
,accid5ts1 & ,orig9al1 4 #a1 #b4        
,comp\nd+ ,p>ts4 ,:]e( ! "o ,p>5*ym\s1  
#c4 ,! o!r ,lign\s1 #d1 to ! end4       
,,*ap4 ,,iii4  ,o,f ! ,b>que4 ,its      
,orig9al & ext]nal ,accid5ts1 4 #a4     

,size1 #b4 ,comp\nd+ ,p>ts3 ,:]e( ! "o  
,p>5*ym\s1 #c4 ,! ,bladd]s ( ! ,p>5*yma1
 #d1 #e1 #f4 ,! ,diametral ,portions1   
#g1 to #aa4 ,! o!r ,"p1 ,lign\s1 consi/+
 ( long ,pipes or ,vessels1 #ab1 to #ag1
 ,( sev]al ,k9ds1 #ah1 to #bc4 ,9       
diff]5t ,proportion1 #bd1 #be4 ,& 9     
diff]5t & elegant ,position4 #bf1 to !  
end4                                    
,,*ap4 ,,iv4  ,o,f t ,"p ( ! ,root next 
)9 ! ,b>k2 9 ,trees & ,%rubby ,plants1  
call$ ! ,wood4 ,h]e( ! ,p>5*yma1 4 #a1  
#b1 #c1  #g4 ,! ,lign\s ,portion3 ( :i*1
 ! ,sap-,vessels1 #d4 ,! ,a]-,vessels1  
#e1 #f4 ,! ,position ( ! ,=m]1 #h1 #i4  
,( ! ,latt]1 #aj1 #aa1 #ab4 ,_!         
,proportion1 #ac1 #ad1 #ae4 ,! ,latt]1  
sometimes a little tap]+4 #af4 ,_!      
,texture1 #ag1 to #bb4 ,cont5t1 #bc4    
,,*ap4 ,v4  ,o,f ! ,pi?4 ,f\nd 9 ! upp] 
"p ( mo/ ,roots1 4 #a4 ,its size & %ape1
 #b4 ,sap-,vessels1 #c4 ,orig9al1 #d1   
#e4 ,bladd]s1 #f1 ,fibres & ,texture1   
#g1 to #aa4 ,t ( ! ,ins]tions & ,b>que !
 same1 #ab4 ,h5ce1 ! ,orig9al ( !       

,a]-,vessels conjectur$1 #ac4 ,:at !    
:ole ,body ( a ,root1 conclud$1 #ad1    
#ae4 ,! ,cont5ts ( ! ,pi?1 #af4         
,! ,,second ,,"p4  ,theology1 ! ,beg9n+ 
& ,end ( ,philosophy1 4 #a1 to #f4  ,!  
,div9e ,wisdom se5 9 ! ,gr[? ( ,plants1 
#g4 ,if we obs]ve1  ,h[ ! ,gr\nd is     
,prep>$1 #h1 to #ad4  ,h[ ! ,sap is     
,imbib$1 & ,di/ribut$ to ! sev]al ,p>ts 
( ! ,root1 #ae1 to #bh4  ,h[ ! sev]al   
,p>ts are ,n\ri%$ & ,=m$1 #bi1 to #ce4  
,h[ ! sev]al ,p>ts receive _! respective
 ,situation1 #cf1 to #dj4  ,h[ ,roots   
receive _! diff]5t ,size & ,%ape1 #da1  
to #dg4  ,h[ ,roots receive _! diff]5t  
,motions1 #dh1 to #ec4  ,h[ ,roots are  
diff]5tly ,ag$1 #ed1 #ee1 #ef4  ,h[ !   
,liquors & o!r ,cont5ts ( ! sev]al ,p>ts
 are made1 #eg1 to #fc4  ,h[ ! ,odors ( 
,roots are made1 #fd4  ,h[ _! ,col\rs1  
#fe to #fg4  ,h[ _! ,ta/s1 #fh1 to !    
end4                                    
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     

,,roots2                                
,,prosecut$                             
,) ! b>e ,,eye1                         
,,& ,,) ,,!                             
,,microscope4                           
,,"p ,i4                                
,,*ap4 ,i4          ,( ! ,,orig9al1     
,,figures1 ,,motions1 & ,,ages (        
,,roots4   ,,be+ ,,to speak ( ,roots2 x 
is requisite1 = our bett] und]/&+ ( :at 
foll[s1 t "s ?+s1 z to _! ,orig9al1     
,figures1 ,motions & ,ages1 be premis$4 
#a4 4 ,roots1 tak5 altoge!r1 h a        
,?ree-fold ,orig9al4 ,ei!r f ! ,radicle2
 z all ,roots :i* come ( ! ,se$3 or f ! 
,trunk or ,caulis1 above gr\nd2 z 9     
,/rawb]ry1 ,*ammile1 & _m o!r ,creep]s3 
or f ! ,trunk or ,caulis1 aft] x is sunk
 "u gr\nd2 z 9 ,primrose1 ,bi/ort1 & _m 
o!rs2 & pres5tly %all be %ew$ h[4  #b4 4
 ,9 ! ,gr[? ( a ,bud1 & ( a             
,trunk-,root1 !re is ?is obs]vable      
diff]5ce2 ,t ! =m]1 c>ries along ) x1 "s
 portion ( e ,"p 9 ! ,trunk or ,/alk2   
:]e( x is a ,comp5dium4 ,! latt]1 always

 %oots =?1 by mak+ a ,rupture 9 !       
,b>que1 :i* x leaves beh9d1 & proce$s   
only f ! inn] "p ( ! ,/alk4  #c4 4 ,z   
also1 ,t 9 a ,bud1 ! ,lign\s ,"p is     
spread abroad1 s z to encompass a ,pi?4 
,:]eas 9 a ,trunk-,root1 x makes a solid
 ,?r$ /&+ 9 ! ,c5t]4 ,:i* is ! ,cause ( 
its desc5d+ into ! ,gr\nd3 z is already1
 9 ! ,fir/ ,book1 & %all 9 ,?is be fur!r
 %ew$4   #d4 4 ,,roots are g5]ally      
di/+ui%$1 z to _! ,figures1 9 be+ m     
,entire1 z is t ( ,liquiri%2 or ,p>t$1 z
 ( ,/4 ,johns-wort4 ,p>t$ or ,=k$1 ei!r 
at ! ,bottom1 z mo/ ,roots2 or at !     
,top1 z ,d&elyon1 & "s o!rs4 ,a ?+ v    
odd1 & un9telligible1 )\t ! k ( !       
,motions ( ,roots2 :]e( pres5tly4  #e4 4
 ,p>t$1 aga91 are ei!r ,ramifi$1 z t (  
,cumfry2 or ,manifold1 z ( ,cr[foot3 bo?
 are ,p>t$2 b ! =m]1 by ! subdivision ( 
great] ,bran*es1 into less]2 ^!1 :5     
div]s ,/r+s1 h all _! di/9ct orig9al f  
"o ,head4 ,"s are ,/raight1 z a ,radi%2 
o!rs ,crook$1 z ,bi/ort4 ,smoo?1 z      
,bugloss2 or ,/r+y all r\nd ab\t1 z     

,columb9e4 ,& to ,c>nations1 ?is seems  
to be peculi>1 ,t sometimes _m ( ! ,/r+s
 run p>allell ) ! ,wood ( ! great ,root1
 ?r\gh ! ,b>que1 or betwixt ! ,wood & ! 
,b>que4  #f4 4 ,aga91 "s are ,?ick1 z   
,rhub>b2 ,sl5d]1 z ! ,v9e4 ,long1 z     
,f5il2 ,%ort1 z a ,turnep3 :i* are      
di/9ct f ,great & ,little2 9 t ^!1 are s
 call$ ) respect to sev]al ,roots2 ^?1 )
 respect to ! sev]al ,dim5sions ( "o4   
,%ort1 are ,/ubb$1 z ,iris tub]osa2 or  
,r\nd1 z ,dracontium4 ,r\nd are ,tub]\s1
 or ,simply ,knobb$1 z ,rape-,cr[foot2  
,bulb\s1 t is ,scal$1 z "s ,lilys2 or   
,%ell'd1 z an ,onion4 ,:]e note1 ,t all 
,bulb\s ,roots1 are1 z x 71             
,h]maphrodites1 or ,root & ,trunk bo?   
toge!r3 = ! ,/r+s only1 are absolute    
,roots2 ! ,bulb1 actually conta9+ ^?    
,p>ts1 :i* spr++ up1 make ! ,leaves or  
,body2 & is1 z x 71 a ,great ,bud "u    
gr\nd4  #g4 4 ,roots1 aga91 are ,ev5 or 
,unev52 ,ev51 are ,cyl9drical1 z        
,eryngo2 or ,pyramidal1 z ,borage4 ,gr[+
 small] ,d[nw>ds1 z d mo/2 or ,upw>ds1 z

 ,skirrets4 ,unev51 are ,pitt$1 z       
,potato's1 :]e ! ,eyes or ,buds ( !     
future ,trunks lie inw>d2 or ,knott$1 z 
,j]usalem-,arti*oke2 :]e !y /& out4 ,^! 
,diff]5ces1 are also ,comp\nd$3 s "s    
,roots are bo? ,entire & ,smoo?1 z      
,peony2 o!rs ,entire1 b ,/r+y1 z ,cl>y3 
t is1 nei!r ,ramifi'd1 nor yet ,bru%y1  
or divid$ at ! ,top into sev]all small  
,/r+s2 b a ,s+le ,root surr\nd$ ) _m    
,hairy ,?r$s4 ,"s bo? ,pla9 9 "s p>ts1 &
 ,knobb$ 9 o!rs1 z ,filip5dula1 ,lilium 
non bulbosum1 & o!rs4  #h4 4 ,"s also h 
two or m ,roots2 & ^? ( "o ,k9d3 ( :i*1 
"s are di/9ctly fa/5d to ! bottome ( !  
,/alk1 z 9 ,dog/ones2 "s /& "o "u ano!r1
 s z only ! upp]mo/ is fa/5'd to !      
,/alk1 z 9 ,dragon1 ,crocus1 & o!rs4 ,& 
!re are "s1 :i* h n only two ,roots1 at 
! same "t2 b ^? also ( two di/9ct ,k9ds1
 z 9 ,bi/ort2 "o ( !m1 a sl5d] /rait    
,cyl9drick & horizontall ,root2 ! o!r   
l>ge & crook$1 & br$ ( ! ,desc5d+       
,trunk2 z 9 speak+ next ( ! ,motions (  
,roots1 w be und]/ood1 h[4 ,all :i*1 )  

o!r ,diff]5ces by ,^? t und]take !      
,descriptions ( ,plants1 are accurately 
to be ,not$4 ,b ! ,diff]5ces1 above     
m5tion$1 w s]ve = our pres5t ,purpose4  
#i4 4 ,,! ,,motions ( ,roots are also   
div]s4 ,sometimes ,level1 z are ^? (    
,hops1 ,ammi1 ,c9quefoyle2 & all su* z  
prop]ly ,creep4 ,sometimes ,p]p5dicul>1 
z t ( ,p>snep3 ,:i* is diff]5t f        
,/raightness2 = "s ,/raight ,roots1 are 
,level4 ,bo? ( !m are ei!r ,%all[ or    
,deep3 "s run ,level1 & ne> ! ,turf1 z  
,woodb9d1 ,wild ,an5omy2 o!rs l[]1 z    
,dogs-,grass4 ,"s /rike d[n1 b a little 
way1 z ,/ramonium2 o!rs gr[ deep1 z     
,horse-,radi%3 ,:i* is diff]5t f be+    
,long2 = _m long ,roots1 are ,level1 z  
,hops4  #aj4 4 ,"s aga9 ,desc5d1 z      
,tulips1 & o!r ,bulb\s ,roots1 :i*      
diff]s f gr[+ only ,d[nw>ds2 9 t "h1 !  
,head ( ! ,root is ,immoveable2 b 9     
,desc5d+1 ! :ole ,root obte9e? diff]5t  
,places1 runn+ deep]1 "t aft] "t1 into !
 ,e>?4 ,"s also ,asc5d1 sometimes1 & 9  
"s "p1 appe>+ above gr\nd1 z ,turneps4  

#aa4 4 ,^! ,motions are also ,comp\nd$2 
bo? 9 respect ( ! sev]al ,p>ts ( !      
,root1 & ( sev]al ,times4 ,s ! ma9 ,root
 ( ,primrose1 is ,level2 ! ,/r+s are    
,p]p5dicul>4 ,! ,roots ( mo/ ,se$l+s gr[
 ,d[nw>d & ,upw>d1 or %oot out 9 l5g? at
 bo? ,ends1 at ! same "t4 ,^? ( ,bi/ort1
 ,iris1 & "s o!rs1 gr[1 9 "p1 bo?       
,d[nw>d & ,upw>d at sev]al times3 ,:5ce 
x is1 t ,bi/ort is ,crook$1 ) "s        
resemblance to an ,s1 accord+ to its    
,"n2 ,& t "s ,p>ts ( ,iris-,root appe>  
(t5times above ! gr\nd4  #ab4 4 ,!re is 
also ano!r ,motion1 9 "s ,roots1 n he$$2
 & t is ,contortion3 :]eby1 )\t be+ mov$
 out ( _! ,place1 !y are ,wri!d or      
,twi/$2 z a piece ( ,cloa? is1 :5 !     
,wat] is wrung out ( x2 z 9 ,c>duus1    
,son*us1 & o!rs3 :e!r always ,i _c say4 
,?is ,motion _c be not$1 )\t /ripp+ (f !
 ,b>que2 :]eby ! ,vessels may be se51   
sometimes1 to make two or ?ree          
,circumvolutions4 ,?is ,motion seems to 
be gov]n$ by ! w9d+ ( ! ,/alk2 & !re=e  
to beg9 at ! ,head1 & t]m9ate at !      

,poynt or l[] end ( ! ,root1 :i* is     
immoveable4   #ac4 4 ,,b ,,above all !  
,motions ( ,roots1 n obs]v$1 ! mo/      
rem>kable is t ( ,,desc5t4 ,:i*1 al?\gh 
x ha? be5 not$1 by "s ,botanicks1 (     
,bulb\s ,roots2 yet ( ^! only3 ,:]eas x 
is ! ,prop]ty1 ( a great _m m2 & ^?1 ( v
 diff]5t ,k9ds2 probably1 ( ! f> great] 
numb] ( ,p]5nial ,roots ( ,h]bs2 z (    
,arum1 ,rape-,cr[foot1 ,val]ian1        
,br[nwort1 ,be>s-foot1 ,tansy1 ,ly*nis1 
,sampi]1 ,primrose1 ,ammi1 ,av5s1       
,wood-sorrel1 ,iris1 & o!rs4 ,( all :i* 
,plants1 x is v obs]vable1 ,t _! ,root1 
is annually r5ew$1 or repair$1 out ( !  
,trunk or ,/alk x self4 ,t is to say1 ,!
 ,basis ( ! ,/alk cont9ually1 & by      
ins5sible ,degrees1 desc5d+ bel[ !      
surface ( ! ,e>?1 & hid+ x self !re92 is
 ?us1 bo? 9 ,nature1 ,place1 & ,(fice   
*ang$ into a true ,root4 ,:i* ,root1 by 
! cont9uance ( ! said ,motion ( ! ,/alk1
 also ,desc5ds2 & s1 accord+ to !       
durabl5ess ( its ,sub/ance1 becomes a   
%ort] or long] ,root2 ! ,eld] or ,l[]   

,portion !re(1 ,rott+ (f1 by ! same     
,degrees ) ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,upp]1 out ( 
! ,/alk4 ,s 9 ,br[nwort1 ! ,basis ( !   
,/alk s9k+ d[n by degrees1 till x lies  
"u ,gr\nd1 becomes ! upp] "p ( ! ,root2 
& cont9u+ /ill to s9k1 ! next ye>1      
becomes ! l[] ,"p2 & ! next aft] t1 rots
 away2 a new ,addition be+ /ill ye>ly   
made out ( ! ,/alk1 z ! eld] ,p>ts ye>ly
 rot away4  ,tab4 #e4 f4 #f1  #g4  ,s 9 
,dragon1 ,crocus1 & ! l1 :]e ! ,root is 
d\ble2 ! ,basis ( ! ,/alk1 ?is ye>2 !   
next1 becomes ! ,upp]-,root2 aft] t1 !  
,l[]-,root2 & at ! l5g? dies & is       
consum'd4  #ad4 4 ,! ,demon/ration h]e(1
 is tak51 m evid5tly1 f "s ,roots1 ?an f
 o!rs2 z f ! ,level & ,knob$ ,roots (   
,wood-sorrel1 ,primrose1 c4  ,tab4 #e4  
f4 #a1  #b4  ,= ! ,leaves ( ^? ,plants  
rott+ (f successively1 & ! ,bases ( ^?  
,leaves gradually desc5d+ into ! ,gr\nd2
 ea* ,basis is ?us n\ri%$ ) a m copi\s  
,sap1 & s swell$ into s _m ?ick ,knots4 
,x may likewise be ga!r'd 9 "s1 f ! l   
,position ( ! ,vessels or ,woody ,p>ts1 

9 ! ,root1 z 9 ! ,trunk2 z 9 ,b>es-foot1
 ,z also1 f ! ,root ( ! ,iris ,tub]osa3 
,tab4 #e4 f4 #d4  :]e1 al?\gh ! ,leaves 
fall (f close to ! ,surface ( ! ,/alk2  
yet aft] t is sunk d[n1 & swell'd into a
 ,root1 ! ,seats ( ! p]i%$ ,leaves1 & ! 
,ends ( ! ,vessels belong+ to !m1 are n 
obscurely visible2 :]eby ! ,root is     
wr\ght1 z x 71 ) sev]al ,seames &       
,prickt ,l9es2 ! ,seams %ew+ ! sett+ on 
( ! ,leaves2 & ! ,pricks1 ! ,t]m9ations 
or brok5 ,ends ( ! ,vessels3 :i* ends1  
are /ill m app>5t1 ^u ! /ripp+ (f !     
,b>que4 ,i consid]$ likewise1 ,t z among
 ,animals1 !re are _m1 :i* are n ,br$ ( 
,eggs1 imm$iately2 b are ,trans=m$1 "o  
,animal into ano!r3 ,s1 x is m ?an      
probable1 ,t among ,plants1 !re are n a 
few ,in/ances ( ! l ,trans=mations2     
:]e(1 ?is is "o4  #ae4 4 ,! ,cause ( ?is
 ,desc5t1 s f> z x is dep5d5t on !      
,inw>d ,con=mation ( ! ,root1 ,i %all   
%ew 9 ! foll[+ ,"p4 ,b ! ,imm$iate      
,visible "o1 are ! ,/r+-,roots1 :i* ?is 
k9d ( ,trunks frequ5tly put =?3 :i*1    

desc5d+ !mselves directly into ! ,gr\nd1
 l s _m ,ropes1 lug ! ,trunk aft] !m4   
,h5ce ! ,tub]\s-,roots ( ,iris ^u !     
rott+ or fad+ away ( ! ,/r+-,roots hang+
 at !m1 sometimes a little ,re-asc5d4   
,h5ce also ! ,%ape ( "s ,roots is       
,inv]t$3 ,= :]eas mo/ are p>t$ d[nw>ds1 
into sev]al ,legs2 "s are p>t$ upw>ds   
into div]s ,necks1 z ,d&elyon1 & o!rs4  
,tab4 #e4 f4 #e4  ,= ^! ,roots s5d+ =?  
at ! top sev]al ,trunk-,buds1 ! said    
,buds successively put =? new1 & ca/ _! 
old ,leaves2 & cont9ually also mak+ _!  
,desc5t1 are at l5g? =m$ into s _m      
,necks1 ( ?ree1 f\r1 five1 or m ,in*es  
long1 "u ,gr\nd4   #af4 4 ,,h5ce ,,also 
we und]/&1 9 :at p>ticul> way1 "s ,roots
 become ,p]5nial4 ,"s are :olly s1 z ^? 
( ,trees1 ,%rubs1 & div]s o!r woody     
,plants4 ,o!rs1 9 "p1 or by a new       
,prog5ies ( ,roots1 f ! old ,head or    
,body1 9 ! room ( ^? t die ye>ly1 or    
aft] a c]ta9 ,"t2 z ( ,lilium non       
bulbosum1 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1 ,potato1 
,dog-/ones1 ,monks-hood1 little ,cel&9e1

 & o!rs4 ,9 :i* ,plants1 "o or m ( _!   
,roots are firm1 ! o!r spongy &         
sup]annuat$2 & p>tly1 by ! rav9e ( !    
,trunk1 & o!r y\ng] ,roots1 r$uc$ to a  
,consumption & ,dea?4  #ag4 4 ,) ^!1    
,tulips1 & o!r ,bulb\s-,roots consort3  
,= ! sev]al ,r9des  ,%ells1 :]e( *iefly1
 ! ,bulb consi/s1 successively p]i% &   
%r9k up into s _m ?9 & dry ,sk9s3       
betwixt :i*1 & 9 _! ,c5tre1 o!r ,leaves 
& ,%ells1 be+ successively =m$1 ! ,bulb 
is ?us p]petuat$4 ,9 ! same mann] !     
,/r+-,roots also succe$ "o ano!r        
annually4 ,s t at ! end ( div]s ,ye>s1  
al?\gh x be /ill look$ ^u z ! same      
,individual ,root1 yet x is1 9 tru?1    
,ano!r1 z to e p>ticle !re(4  #ah4 4    
,la/ly1 _m o!r ,roots are p]petuat$ by !
 a=esaid ,desc5t ( ! ,trunk2 out ( :i*1 
x is /ill annually ,repair$1 z by !     
gradual p]i%+ ( its l[] p>ts1 x is      
,dim9i%$2 z ha? be5 said4 ,:5ce also we 
see ! reason ( ! ,rugg$ & ,blunt        
extremities ( ^!1  ,tab4 #e4 f4 #c4  &  
"s o!r ,roots1 z ( t ,plant sup]/iti\sly

 call$ ,devils-bit3 because ! end ( x   
seems to be bitt5 (f4 ,yet do? x n appe>
 s orig9ally2 b ! ,l[] "p !re( rott+ (f1
 z ! ,upp] desc5ds2 ! liv+ rema9d]1     
become? /ump$1 or seeme? ,bitt54 ,?us f>
 ( ! ,orig9al1 ,%apes1 ,motions1 & ,ages
 ( ,roots4                              
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                            
,( ! ,,sk94   ,i ,,next proce$ to !     
sev]al ,p>ts :]e( a ,root is ,comp\nd$4 
,! out] ,"p ( all is ! ,sk92 :i* is     
common to all ,roots4 ',tis div]sly     
,col\r$3 ,:it] 9 ,skirrets2 ,yell[1 9   
,dock2 ,r$1 9 ,potato2 ,br[n1 9 ,lovage2
 ,black1 9 ,bugloss4 ,its ,surface1     
sometimes ,smoo?1 z 9 ,hors-radi%2      
,r\gh1 z 9 ,scorzon]a4 ,& ! ,sk9s ( !   
sev]al ,%ells ( a ,tulip-,root1 tak5 up 
fre%1 look z if !y 7 p]=at$ ) a great _m
 small holes4 ',tis ( v>i\s ,size2 v    
,?91 9 ,p>snep2 some:at ,?ick1 9        
,bugloss2 v ,?ick 9 ,iris4 ,sometimes x 
is ,opac\s1 z 9 ,?i/le2 & sometimes     
,transp>5t1 z 9 ,madd]4  #b4 4 ,e ,root 
ha? successively two k9ds ( ,sk9s3 ! "o1

 ,cotane\s ) ! o!r ,p>ts2 & ha? its     
orig9al f t :i* involv$ ! ,p>ts ( ! ,se$
 x self4 ,! o!r1 ,po/nate1 succe$+ 9 !  
room ( ! =m]1 z ! ,root age?2 & is      
orig9at$ f ! ,b>k4 ,s 9 ,d&elyon1 ! old 
,sk91 look$ ^u ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,may1    
seems to h be5 "o ( ^? sev]al ,r+s1 :i* 
! prec$5t ye> compos$ ! ,cortical ,body 
( ! ,root3 b by ! ,g5]ation ( a new ,r+1
 next ! ,wood1 is n[ ?ru/ (f & %runk up 
into a ,sk94  ,tab4 #ad1 #ae4  ,s also 9
 ! ,roots ( ,bugloss & ,horse-,radi%1 z 
f> z ! ,bladd]s 9 ! =m]1 & ! ,vessels 9 
! latt] are ,radiat$2 ! ,cortical ,body 
seems ei!r annually or (t5]1 to %r9k up 
into ano!r new ,sk91 z1 ! old ones fall 
(f4  ,tab4 #aj4  ,& sometimes1 p]haps1 z
 9 ,assp>agus1 ! :ole body ( !          
,p]p5dicul> ,roots1 except ! woody      
,fibre 9 ! ,c5tre1 becomes ! second     
,sk94 ,s t ! we>+ away ( ! old ,sk91    
succe$s ! d]ivation ( ! new "o2 z 9     
,desc5d+ ,roots1 ! ,consumption ( ! ,l[]
 ,p>ts1 do? ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,upp]4      
,because ! ,b>que swells1 & gr[s        

sometimes fa/] ?an ! ,sk9 c fall (f1 or 
give way to x3 !re=e are ! ,roots ( _m  
,h]bs1 ,b>queb\nd1 z well z ! ,trunks ( 
,trees4  #c4 4 ,?is ,sk9 is usually1 if 
n always1 comp\nd$ ( two ,k9ds (        
,bodies3 :i* also is probable ( !       
,cotane\s4 ,! "o1 ,p>5*ym\s1 & frequ5tly
 con/ruct$ ( exce$+ little ,cells or    
,bladd]s2 :i* 9 "s ,roots1 z (          
,asp>agus1 cut trav]se1 & view$ ?r\gh a 
,microscope1 are pla9ly visible4  ,tab4 
#aj4  ,^! ,bladd]s are ( diff]5t ,sizes2
 9 ,buglos1 l>g]2 9 ,asp>agus less2 &   
sometimes !y co9cide & disappe>4  ,tab4 
#ad4  ,b 9 ^!1 & all o!r ,roots1 ev5 :]e
 ^! ,bladd]s appe> nor1 ! ,p>5*yma ( !  
,sk91 is ( ! same ,sub/antial ,nature1 )
 t o!r m vivid & bulky "o ( ! ,b>k3 ,z  
is manife/1 f its be+ !nce ,orig9at$2 & 
alike ,con=m$1 z %all be se52 & n only  
adjac5t to x1 z a ,glove is to ! ,h&2 b 
cont9u\s !re)1 z ! p>ts ( a piece (     
fle%1 are "o ) ano!r4   #d4 4 ,,( ,,?is 
,p>5*ym\s ,body1 ! ,sk9 consi/e? *iefly1
 b n :olly2 !re be+ _m ,lign\s ,vessels 

:i* are ,tubul>y1 mix$ !re)3 :i*1 ?\gh  
h>dly by ! ,microscope1 yet o!rwise1 is 
demon/rable4 ,= 9 te>+ ! ,sk91 y %all d 
x m easily by ! l5g?1 ?an br$?2 because1
 by ! fir/ way1 ! cont9uity only ( !    
,p>5*yma1 is dissolv$2 b by ! latt]1 bo?
 ( ?is1 & ( ! ,vessels1 ^! be+ posit$ by
 ! l5g? ( ! ,root3 ,s t1 z by ! smalness
 ( ! ,bladd]s ( ! ,p>5*yma1 ! ,sk9 is   
,d5se2 s by ^! ,vessels1 is x ,t\gh4    
#e4 4 ,aga91 if y cut a ,root trav]se1 &
 let x lie by = "s "t1 all ! p>ts1 :]e  
!re are no ,vessels1 %r9k bel[ ! surface
 ( ! cut-end2 b :]e-ev] ,^! are posit$1 
!re is no %r9k+2 :i* (t5times1 evid5tly 
appe>s also 9 ! ,sk93 because ! said    
,vessels1 ?\gh1 z ! ,bladd]s1 !y may    
co9cide2 yet !y _c visibly %ort5 or %r9k
 up 9 l5g?2 no m ?an a ,/raw1 ^: sides  
may yet be easily cru%$ toge!r4  #f4 4  
,fur!r1 ! ,root be+ cut trav]se1 if1 ne>
 ! cut-end1 y v g5tly press ! side ( !  
,root ) ! edge ( y\r ,nail1 ! ,sap w    
!reupon arise sometimes f ! ,sk92 9 !   
same mann]1 z f any o!r "p ( ! ,root1   

:]e ! l ,vessels are posit$4 ,& al?\gh !
 ,sap may likewise be express$ f ! ,pi?1
 & o!r ,p>ts :]e sometimes1 !re are none
 ( ^! ,vessels2 yet n )\t a solution (  
!re cont9uity2 :i* "h do? n foll[2 z    
appe>s1 f ! disappe>+ ( ! ,sap1 toge!r )
 ! int]mission ( ! pressure2 ! said     
,vessels !n dilat+ !mselves by a ,motion
 ( ,re/itution1 & s suck+ up ! ,sap     
aga94  #g4 4 ,h]eunto may be add$ !     
,te/imony ( sight2 ! v ,vessels         
!mselves1 9 _m ,roots1 com+ "u an app>5t
 view1 & /&+ 9 ! utmo/ surface ( ! ,root
 all r\nd ab\t1 z 9 t ( ,liquiri%1      
,columb9e1 ,scorzon]a1 & o!rs4 ,:i*     
,exp]im5ts1 ,i h "h1 once = all1 m      
p>ticul>ly set d[n2 because ,i %all h   
occasion1 h]eaft]1 to ref] to !m4       
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                           
,( ! ,,b>que4   ,,next ,,)9 ! ,sk9 lie? 
! ,b>que4 ',tis sometimes ,yell[1 z 9   
,dock2 ,r$1 9 ,bi/ort2 b usually1 & 9   
,se$-,roots1 ,i ?9k1 always ,:ite4 ,x is
 d]iv$ f ! ,se$ x self2 be+ b ! ext5sion
 or prolongation ( ! ,p>5*yma ( !       

,radicle2 ,"o ( ! ?ree ,organical ,p>ts 
( ! ,se$1 describ$ 9 ! ,fir/ ,*apt] ( ! 
,fir/ ,book4  #b4  ,x is v>i\sly ,siz$2 
sometimes v ,?91 z 9 ,j]usalem          
,arti*oke1 ,goats-be>d1 & 9 mo/ ,trees2 
:]e x also reta9s ! ,"n ( a ,b>que or   
,r9d4 ,sometimes 'tis m ,?ick1 & make?  
up ! f> greate/ portion ( ! ,root1 z 9 !
 ,/r+-,roots ( ,asp>agus1 9 ,d&elion1 & 
o!rs4 ,! ?9ne/ & ! ?icke/ are all       
analog\s1 & obta9 ! same g5]al ,uses4 ,!
 degrees ( its ,size1 among/ all ,roots1
 may be well reckon$ ab\t ,tw5ty1 & se5 
9 ! foll[+ examples1  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 #i4 
sc4 ,beet1 ,dropwort1 ,j]usalem         
,arti*oke1 ,orp9e1 ,val]ian1            
,goats-be>d1 ,nettle1 ,br[nwort1        
,columb9e1 ,cel&9e1 ,asp>agus1          
,horse-,radi%1 ,peony1 ,bryony1 ,eryngo1
 ,borage1 ,lovage1 ,d&elion1 ,p>snep1   
,c>rot1 c4 ,9 ! ,root ( ,beet1 sc>ce    
exce$+ a good ?ick ,sk93 b 9 a ,c>rot1  
half ! ,semidiamet] ( ! ,root1 or above 
half an ,in* ov] 9 "s places3 & t (     
,d&elion1 sometimes1 9 proportion ) !   

woody ,"p1 twice z ?ick3 ! re/ ( ,sev]al
 int]m$iate ,degrees3 ,& to mo/ ,roots1 
?is is common1 ,to h _! ,b>que          
proportionably ?ick]1 at ! bottome ?an  
at ! top4   #c4 4 ,,x ,,is ,comp\nd$ (  
two ,bodies4 ,! "o ,p>5*ym\s2 ,cont9u\s 
?r\gh\t2 yet some:at ,pliable )\t a     
solution ( its ,cont9uity4 ,exce$+      
,por\s2 z appe>e? f its s mu* %r9k+ up1 
9 dry+4 ,! ,pores h]e( are ext5d$ mu*   
alike bo? by ! l5g? & br$? ( ! ,root2   
!re=e x %r9ke? up1 by bo? ^? ,dim5sions1
 m equally4 ,& !y are v ,dilative2 z is 
also manife/ f its re/orabl5ess to its  
=m] bulk aga91 ^u its infusion 9 ,wat]3 
t is to say1 ,x is a mo/ curi\s &       
exquisitely f9e wr\ght ,sponge4 ,?us mu*
 ! ,eye & ,reason may discov]4  #d4 4 ,!
 ,microscope confirms ! tru? h]e(1 & m  
precisely %ews1 ,t ^! ,pores are all1 9 
a mann]1 ,sph]ical1 9 mo/ ,plants2 & ?is
 ,"p1 an ,inf9ite ,mass ( little ,cells 
or ,bladd]s4 ,! sides ( none ( !m1 are  
,visibly p]vi\s f "o into ano!r2 b ea*  
is b\nd$ )9 x self4  ,tab4 #aj1  sequ5t4

  ,s t ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que1 is mu* !  
same ?+1 z to its ,con=mation1 :i* !    
,fro? ( ,be] or ,eggs is1 z a fluid1 or 
a piece ( f9e ,man*et1 z a fix$ ,body4  
,! ,sides also ( ^! ,bladd]s are z      
transp>5t1 z ^? ( ,wat]2 or ! ,bodies ( 
"s ,insects4  #e4 4 ,b _! ,size is      
usually mu* small]2 & _! ,po/ure m      
,regul> ?an ^? 9 ,bread or ,wat]4 ,9 all
 ,roots !y are s small1 z sc>cely1 )\t !
 ,microscope1 to be disc]n$3 yet are !y 
( diff]5t ,size1 bo? 9 ! same1 & 9 div]s
 ,roots2 ! v>ieties :]e(1 among/ all    
,roots1 may be r$uc$ to ab\t ,t5 or     
,twelve accord+ to ! ,/&>d1 9 ,tab4 #aa4
  ,tab4 #ac1 #ad4  ,"s ( ^? 9 ,d&elion1 
be+ ( ! ,smalle/2 & 9 ,bugloss1 ( !     
,greate/4 ,!y are posit$1 = ! mo/ "p1 at
 an ,equal ,height2 & pil$ ev5ly "o ov] 
ano!r3 ,s t1 (t5times1 !y visibly run 9 
,ranks or tra9s1 bo? by ! l5g? & bread? 
( ! ,roots1 z 9 ! ,root ( ,bugloss1 or (
 ,d&elion1 split ?r\gh ! middle1 may be 
se54 ,al?\gh !y are usually ,sph]ical1  
yet sometimes1 & 9 "s places1 !y are m  

oblonge1  ,tab4 #ad4  z 9 ! outw>d "p ( 
! ,b>que ( ,bugloss4 ,^! ,bladd]s1 are  
sometimes be/ se51 aft] ! ,root1 be+ cut
 trav]se1 ha? layn by a:ile1 to dry4    
#f4 4 ,!y are ! ,receptacles ( ,liquor2 
:i* is ev] ,lucid2 & ,i ?9k1 always m   
,?9 or ,wat]y4 ,!y are1 9 all           
,se$-,roots1 fill$ h]e)2 & usually1 9 ^?
 also :i* are well gr[n1 z ( ,borage1   
,radi%1 c4   #g4 4 ,,?is ,p>5*ym\s ,"p1 
9 _m ,roots1 is ( "o ,uni=m ,contexture2
 z 9 ,asp>agus1 ,hors-,radi%1 ,peony1   
,potato1 & o!rs4 ,9 _m o!rs1 x is1 z x  
71 ( a ,div]sifi$ ,wo(2 ! ,bladd]s be+1 
?\gh e :]e ,regul>1 yet ei!r 9 ,%ape1   
,size1 or ,situation1 diff]5t 9 "s ,p>ts
 h]e(1 f :at !y are1 9 o!r int]m$iate   
ones4 ,= ^! ,p>ts1 are l s _m ,:ite     
,rays1 /ream+1 by ! ,diamet] ( ! ,root1 
f ! inw>d ,edge t[>d ! ,circumf]5ce ( ! 
,b>que2 z 9 ,lovage1 ,melilot1 ,p>snep1 
c4 cut transv]sly1 is app>5t4  ,tab4 #h1
 #i4  ,!y are1 ?\gh n 9 direct ,l9es1   
cont9u$ also by ! l5g? ( ! ,root2 s t !y
 are1 z x 71 s _m ,membrances1 by :i* ! 

o!r ,p>ts ( ! ,b>que1 are di/]m9at$4    
#h4 4 ,! ,cont9uation ( ^! ,diametral   
,rays1 or ,portions1 is div]s3          
sometimes1 b half ?r\gh ! ,b>que1 or    
some:at m1 or less1 z 9 ,melilot4  ,tab4
 #i4  ,& x is probable1 t to ! ,roots ( 
all or mo/ ,trefoyls1 & also ( !        
,legum9\s ,k9d1 ?is is prop]1 ,to h _!  
,diametral ,rays come %ort ( !          
,circumf]5ce4  ,tab4 #h4  ,sometimes1 !y
 run q ?r\gh to ! v ,sk91 z 9 ,lovage4  
,& ,i ?9k1 9 ! ,roots ( all ,umbellif]\s
 ,plants3 ,9 :i* !re=e1 ! ,sk9 seems to 
h a clos] ,communion ) ! ,diametral     
,rays1 & to be orig9at$ especially      
!refrom4 ,!y usually /& at an ,equal    
,di/ance 9 ! same ,root3 ,b ) respect to
 div]s ,roots1 _! ,di/ance v>ies2  ,tab4
 #g1 #h4  s less1 9 ,p>snep1 great] 9   
,bugloss4 ,!y are commonly ,rectil9e>1 z
 9 ,lovage2  ,tab4 #h4  b sometimes w9d+
 to & fro1 z 9 a ,c>rot4  #i4 4 ,!y are 
n always ( "o ,size3 9 a ,c>rot ne> !   
,inn] ,edge ( ! ,b>que1 exce$+ ,sl5d]1 &
 sc>cely disc]nable2 9 o!rs1 ,?ick]1 z 9

 ! ,?ree great] ones ( ,melilot1 & 9    
common ,*]vil4  ,tab4 #h1 #i4  ,bo? by  
_! ,di/ance1 & ,size1 !y are also less  
or m ,num]\s2 "s1 only z !y are ne>]2   
"s1 z small]2 o!rs1 z bo?4 ,& 'tis      
prop]1 ,i ?9k1 to ! ,intyb\s k9d1 ei!r  
to h none1 or b a few4 ,sometimes !y are
 ( ! same ,?ickness q1 ?r\gh ! ,b>que f 
edge to edge1 z 9 ,m>%-,mall[4  ,tab4   
#g4  ,& sometimes are consid]ably spread
 or dilat$ z !y aproa* ! ,sk91 :]e) !y  
are joyn$1 & :]e9to !y m visibly run1 z 
9 ,p>sley1 or ! small] "p ( ! ,root (   
,lovage4  ,tab4 #h4  ,& 9 "s ,roots1 z (
 ,scorzon]a1 at "s times ( ! ye>1 :5    
less succul5t1 almo/ ! :ole ,p>5*yma    
seems to be ( ! ,nature ( ! ,diametral  
,rays1 9 o!r ,roots4 ,! ,bladd]s ( ^!   
,diametral ,portions1 are sometimes1    
great] ?an ^? ( ! o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 z
 9 ,p>sley2 & ,i ?9k sometimes less4    
,yet z !re1 s "h1 v>i\sly siz$2 to ab\t 
six or eight ,degrees2 & ^? ( ,p>sley   
ab\t ! ?ird1 f\r?1 & fif?4 ,_! ,figure  
is ,sometimes m oblong2 & _! direction  

or respect m t[>ds ! ,c5t] ( ! ,root4   
#aa4 4 ,z ! o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( !     
,b>que1 are ! ,receptacles ( ,liquor2 s 
^!1 7:]e !y are7 ( ,a]4 ,?is is argu$1  
,f _! be+ m ,:ite1 & n ,transp>5t1 z su*
 ,roots & ,p>ts use to be1 :i* are m    
copi\sly & equally fill$ up ) ,liquor3 z
 ! ,pi? ( ,eld]1 :i*1 9 ! old ,/alks1 is
 ,:ite2 0 once1 & by be+ well soak$1 w  
become1 aga9 ,transp>5t4 ,& f _! be+ m  
dry & voyd ( ,liquor2 :]eupon _!        
,bladd]s1 :i* _c be ,vacuities1 mu/ be  
fill$ ) m or less ,a]1 mix$ ) ! ,sap or 
! ,vapor\s p>ts !re(4 ,?is is m         
obs]vable 9 ^? ,diametral ,portions1 :i*
 t]m9ate ^u1 & run into ! ,sk94   #ab4 4
 ,,! ,,b>que is n only ( a div]s ,wo(1 b
 z is said1 ( a ,comp\nd$ ,sub/ance2 !re
 be+ a c]ta9 numb] ( ,lign\s ,vessels1  
few] or m1 9 "s place or o!r1 mix$ ) !  
,p>5*ym\s ,"p above describ$2 & "s way  
or o!r1 are demon/rable 9 all ,roots4 ,z
 by ! ,t\ghness ( ! ,b>que1 :5 pull$ by 
! l5g?4 ,by ! visible ,cont9uation ( !  
said ,vessels ?r\gh ! l5g? ( ! ,b>que1 9

 ! resemblance ( small ,?r$s4  ,tab4 #f4
  ,& by ! ris+ up ( ! ,sap 9 ! trav]se  
cut ( ! ,root1 9 su* places ( ! ,b>que1 
:]e ^! ,?r$s t]m9ate3 z ! exi/5ce ( !   
same ,vessels 9 ! ,sk91 0 prov$ 9 !     
,prec$5t ,*apt]4  #ac4 4 ,^! ,tubul>y   
,?r$s1 run n ?r\gh ! ,b>que 9 direct    
l9es2 b are frequ5tly ,brac$ toge!r 9 ! 
=m ( ,net-,"w2 ,! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts e :]e 
fill+ up ! spaces betwixt ! ,brac$      
,?r$s2  ,tab4 #f4  z 9 ,burnet1         
,scorzon]a1 c4 ! ,b>que be+ pair$ or    
/rip$ (f1 is app>5t4  #ad4 4 ,!y seem1  
at fir/1 :]e !y are ,brac$1 to be       
,inosculat$2 s z to be p]vi\s "o into   
ano!r4 ,b a m accurate view1 especially 
assi/$ by a ,microscope1 discov]s !     
contr>y4 ,nei!r are !y w\n'd any way "o 
ab\t ano!r1 z ,?r$s are 9 a ,rope3 nor  
,implicat$1 z 9 ravl$ ,y>n1 or ! ,knots 
( a ,net3 b only contigu\s or simply    
,tang5t1 z ! sev]al ,*ords 9 ! ,braces (
 a ,drum3 be+ ?us joyn$ toge!r by !     
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 z 9 speak+ ( ! ,pi?1 w 
be und]/ood h[4 ,yet d n always ! same  

,?r$s belong & keep entire to "o ,brace2
 b are frequ5tly p>t$ into less] ,?r$s2 
:i* are transpos$ f ,brace to ,brace4   
,nor d !y always1 9 :ole or 9 "p1       
pres5tly aft] _! cont+5ce1 mutually fall
 (f aga92 b1 (t5times1 run along        
collat]ally joyn$ toge!r = "s space4    
,tab4 #f4  #ae4 4 ,^! ,braces are (     
v>i\s numb] 9 div]s ,roots2 m frequ5t 9 
,j]usalem ,arti*oke1 less 9 ,scorzon]a1 
m r>e 9 ,cumfry4 ,! ,?r$s likewise are  
v>i\sly ,div>icat$2 sometimes m1 :]e !  
,braces are frequ5t1 z 9 ,j]usalem      
,arti*oke2 & sometimes less1 :]e !      
,braces are r>e1 z 9 ,scorzon]a1        
,d&elion3 ,& 9 all ,roots1 m frequ5t    
t[>ds ! ,inn] ,v]ge ( ! ,b>k4  #af4 4   
,by :at is said1 x is p>tly impli$1 ,t  
^! ,?r$s1 are n ,s+le ,vessels2 b a     
,clu/] ( !m1 ,tw5ty1 ,?irty1 or m or    
few] ( !m toge!r4 ,yet z ! ,?r$s are n  
,inosculat$ 9 ! ,braces2 s nei!r are !  
,vessels1 9 ! ,?r$s4 ,nor yet ,twi/$2 b 
only /& collat]al toge!r2 z ! sev]al    
,s+le ,?r$s ( ! ,silkworm1 d 9          

,sleave-,silk4 ,nei!r are ^! ,vessels   
pyramidal1 s f> z ! ,glass w discov]2   
or1 f probable ,reason1 may be          
conjectur$4 ,nor ,ramifi$1 s z to be    
successively propagat$ "o f ano!r1 aft] 
! mann] ( ! ,ve9s 9 ,animals3 b         
,cyl9drical1 & ,di/9ctly cont9u$1       
?r\gh\t ! l5g? ( ! ,root2 z ! sev]al    
,fibres 9 a ,t5don or ,n]ve4   #ag4 4   
,,^! ,,vessels are ei!r !mselves ( div]s
 k9ds1 or s]ve1 at lea/1 to con/itute   
div]s ,k9ds1 9 div]s ,roots3 ( ! diff]5t
 ,natures :]e(1 al?\gh !re may be o!r   
ways :]eby to judge2 yet s f> z by      
,inspection1 we may d x1 *iefly1 by !   
,div]sity ( ^? ,liquors1 :i* !y sev]ally
 conta94 ,sometimes !y yield a ,lympha2 
& t ,?91 z !y d 9 a ,p>snep2 especially 
^? t make a ,r+1 at ! inw>d extremity ( 
! ,b>k4 ,see ! ,root x self4 ,t ?is     
,cle> ,sap asc5de? only f ^! ,vessels1  
is c]ta94 ,because no ,liquor w d ! l1 f
 any ,p>5*ym\s ,"p1 z ,*ap4 #b4 ha? be5 
said4 ,& because x is ( a diff]5t nature
 f ! ,sap conta9$ 9 ! ,bladd]s ( !      

,p>5*yma2 al?\gh ( ! same ,col\r1 yet   
s5sibly m ,sweet4  #ah4 4 ,sometimes !y 
yield a ,?ick & ,mucilag9\s ,lympha1 z 9
 ,cumfry1 z appe>e? by its t5acity4 ,f !
 ,mucilag9\s ,cont5t ( ^! ,vessels x is1
 ,i suppose1 t ! ,sap conta9$ 9 !       
,bladd]s is r5dr$ ( ! l nature1 s f> z x
 approa*es h]eto1 :i* sometimes is m1 z 
9 ,m>%-mall[2 & sometimes b little z 9  
,borage3 ,= 9 press+ out ! ,liquor ( ?is
 ,plant1 & !n heat+ x ov] an indiff]5t  
fire2 ! f> great] "p h]e( rema9e? ?92   
only "s c]ta9 /r+s & little bits ( a    
gelli$ sub/ance are mix$ h]e)2 :i* z x  
seems1 7 orig9ally ! prop] ,liquor ( ^! 
,muciducts4  #ai4 4 ,(t5times ^!        
,succif]\s ,vessels yield a ,milky or   
,:ite ,sap2 & sometimes ,yell[1 & ( o!r 
col\rs z 9 ,son*us1& mo/ ,ci*orace\s    
,plants2 9 ,angelica1 & mo/             
,umbellif]\s2 9 ,burdock1 & div]s       
,?i/les1 to :i* t is 'ak93 9 ,scorzon]a1
 ,common ,bells1 & _m o!r ,plants1 n    
commonly tak5 notice ( to be milky4 ,!  
,milky ,saps ( all :i*1 al?\gh !y diff] 

9 ,col\r1 ,?ickness1 & o!r ,qualities2  
yet agree1 9 be+ m ,oyly ?an any ( !    
,lymph\s ,saps4 ,x be+ ! mixture ( !    
,oyly p>ts ) "s o!r ,limpid ,liquor1 b (
 a diff]5t ,nature1 :i* cause? !m to be 
( a ,milky1 or o!r ,opac\s ,col\r1 9 !  
same mann] z common ,oyl1 & a /rong     
,liquam5 ( ,t>t>1 %ak$ 9 a ,bottle      
toge!r1 pres5tly mix into a ,:ite       
,liquor4 ,& al?\gh !y w1 = ! greate/ "p1
 sep>ate aga92 yet "s ( _! p>ts1 )\t any
 ,boil+1 or s mu* z ! lea/ ,dige/ion )  
,heat1 by ,agitation only1 or /&+ toge!r
 = "s "t1 incorporate 9 ! =m ( a ,?9    
,milky-,sope1 :i* w also dissolve 9     
,wat]4 ,i suppose1 !re=e1 ,t x is !     
,volatile ,salt1 *iefly1 ( ^! ,plants1  
:i* be+ mix$ ) _! ,oyl1 r5d]s ?is       
,liquor ( a ,:ite or o!r ,opac\s ,col\r4
  #bj4 4 ,sometimes ! ,oyl w sep>ate &  
discov] x self3 = if y cut a ,f5il-,root
 trav]se1 aft] x ha? layn "s days out ( 
! ,gr\nd2 ! same ,vessels1 :i*1 9 a fre%
 ,root1 yields ,milk2 w n[1 yield ,oyl3 
! wat]y p>ts ( ! ,milk1 :i* 9 ! dry+ ( !

 ,root are m evaporable1 be+ sp5t4  #ba4
 4 ,all ,gums & ,balsams are likewise to
 be reput$ ! prop] ,cont5ts ( ^!        
,vessels3 = ,^! & ,milks1 are v ne> ak94
 ,s ! ,milk ( ,f5il1 ^u /&+1 turns to a 
,cle> ,balsam2 ( ,scorzon]a1 ,d&elion1 &
 o!rs1 to a ,gum4 ,9 ! dry$ ,root (     
,angelica1 c4 be+ split1 ! ,milk1       
accord+ to ! ,cont9uation ( ^! ,vessels1
 appe>e?1 z ,blood clodd]s 9 ! ,ve9s1   
cond5s$ to an h>d & %9+ ,ros94  ,tab4   
#i4  ,& ! ,root ( ,hel5ium cut          
transv]sely1 pres5tly yields a curi\s   
,balsame ( a ,citr9e ,col\r1 & sometimes
 ( ! ,col\r ( ,balsame ( ,sulphur4 ,i   
call x a ,balsame2 because x w n        
dissolve 9 ,wat]4 ,yet n a ,t]eb9?2     
because1 no?+ ne> s viscid or t5ace\s z 
t is4 ,b ! ,root ( ,common ,wormwood1   
ble$s1 f l>ge ,vessels1 a true ,t]eb9?1 
,tab4 #aj4 ,e4  or a ,balsame ) all !   
def9+ prop]ties ( a ,t]eb9?2 al?\gh t ^w
 be commonly us$ only = ! ,liquors ( "s 
,trees4  #bb4 4 ,!re is yet ano!r k9d ( 
,sap-,vessels1 :i* may be call$         

,vap\r-,vessels2 z 9 ,docks1 at lea/ "s 
( !m4 ,= by ! ,sap-,vessels x is1 t !   
,b>ques ( ,roots d ,ble$4 ,( :i*1 "s    
,ble$ quick & pl5tifully1 z !           
,umbellif]\s & ! ,ci*orace\s ,k9ds4 ,"s1
 v sl[ly & sc>ce visibly1 z all or mo/  
,trefoyls1 & ( ! ,legum9\s ,k9d4 ,& "s  
seem n to ,ble$1 z ! ,dock4 ,yet t ?is  
,root1 ha? also ,vessels di/9ct f ^? t  
c>ry ,a]2 do? p>tly appe>1 f ! diff]5t  
,col\r !y produce :]e !y /&2 z w bett]  
be und]/ood anon1 9 speak+ ( ! ,causes (
 ! ,col\rs ( ,roots4 ,z also f !        
,t\ghness ( ! ,b>que1 9 pull+ x by !    
l5g?2 nei!r ! ,p>5*yma1 nor !           
,a]-,vessels1 be+ ( !mselves ,t\gh4 ,b  
because ! ,succus or ,sap !y c>ry1 seems
 to be a k9d ( ,dewy ,vap\r1 !re=e1 !y  
may n improp]ly be call$ ,rorif]\s or   
,vap\r-,vessels4   #bc4 4 ,,!           
,sap-,vessels1 are n only ( div]s ,k9ds1
 9 div]s ,roots1 b 9 ! same4 ,:e!r 9    
all1 ,i d\bt3 b 9 "s x is c]ta9 !y are3 
,tab4 #i4  ,= if y cut a ,f5il-,root    
trav]se1 bo? ,milk & ,limpid ,sap1 w    

pres5tly asc5d1 &1 ^u accurate          
inspection1 appe> !reupon di/9ctly4 ,s !
 ,roots1 bo? ( ,tra*elium & ,enula1     
,ble$ bo? a ,lympha1 & a ,citr9e        
,balsame3 & ,wormwood1 bo? a ,lympha1 & 
a ,t]eb9?1 at ! same "t4 ,s also ! ,root
 ( ,d&elion be+ cut 9 ,novemb]1 seems to
 ble$ bo? a ,milk & a ,lympha2 ! latt]  
be+ dr[n$ by ! =m] at ano!r "t :5 x is m
 copi\s4 ,:e!r all ,roots h ,lymphducts1
 is d\btful2 b 'tis mo/ probable1 t !y  
h1 m or few]2 /&+1 = ! mo/ "p1 9 a ,r+1 
at ! ,inn] ,v]ge ( ! ,b>que3 ! ,sap     
:]e(1 ,i suppose1 is s f> ( common      
,nature 9 all ,roots1 z to be ,cle>1 &  
less ,oily4   #bd4 4 ,,! ,quantity ( ^! 
,vessels is v diff]5t3 ,9 ,borage1      
,peony1 ,bi/ort1 b few2 9 ,asp>agus1    
few]3 9 ,p>snep1 ,cel&9e1 _m2 9 ,f5il1  
,m>%-mall[1 _m m3 & betwixt ^! extreams1
 !re are _m ,degrees1  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 #i4
  z by comp>+ ! ,roots ( ,horse-,radi%1 
,turnep1 ,briony1 ,skirrets1 ,p>sley1   
,goats-,be>d1 & z _m m z y please1 may  
be se54 ,among/ ! sev]al ,sorts (       

,docks1 !y seem 9 ,pati5ce1 to be !     
fewe/2 9 ,r$-,dock1 ! mo/ num]\s4 ,!re  
are two ways ( judg+ ( _! ,numb]2 ,ei!r 
z _! ,extremeties are visible ^u !      
trav]se cut ( ! ,b>que2 or z ! ,b>que is
 div]sly ,brittle or ,t\gh2 be+ s1 f !  
v>i\s ,numb] ( ^! ,vessels !re91 z 9 !  
,second ,*apt] ha? be5 said4  #be4 4 ,! 
,quantity ( ! asc5d+ ,sap1 is a d\btful 
argum5t1 :e!r ( ! ,numb]1 or ,size ( ^! 
,vessels4 ,= x is common to mo/         
,milky-,roots1 = ! ,milk to asc5d m     
copi\sly3 yet 9 "s ( !m1 ! ,vessels     
seem1 9 proportion ) ! ,p>5*ym\s ,"p1 n 
to be s num]\s1 z 9 "s o!r ,roots1 :]e !
 asc5d+ ,sap is less2 z by comp>+ !     
,lacteals ( ,d&elion1 & ! ,lymphducts ( 
,f5il toge!r1 may appe>3 s t x %\ld     
seem1 t ! bore ( ! ,lacteal ,vessels1 is
 great] ?an t ( ! ,lymphducts4   #bf4 4 
,,! ,situation ( ^! ,vessels1 z !y      
appe>1 ev5 to ! nak$ ,eye1 9 ! transv]se
 ,section1 is ,v>i\s & ,elegant4        
,sometimes !y are posit$ only at ! ,inn]
 ,edg ( ! ,b>que1 :]e !y make a ,r+1 z 9

 ,asp>agus4  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 #i1  #aj4  ,9
 :i* place & position1 !y /& 9 mo/1 if n
 9 all1 ,roots1 h[ v>i\slly soev] !y are
 posit$ also o!rwise4 ,! ,common        
,cr[-,foot ) num]\s ,roots1 ha? a ,r+ ( 
,sap-,vessels next ! ,sk94 ,s ! ,b>que (
 ,monks-,hood1 is encompass$ ) a        
transp>5t ,r+ ( ,sap-,vessels4 ,! ,r+ is
 ei!r m ,entire1 z 9 ,eryngo1           
,br[n-,wort1 ,val]ian1 ,hop1 ,madd]1 c4 
,or x is a ,prick'd ,r+1 z 9            
,buttyr-,bur4 ,sometimes !y are *iefly  
po/ur'd 9 a ,prick-,r+1 t[>ds ! outw>d  
"p ( ! ,b>que1 z 9 ,peony3 & "s ,roots  
are prick$ all ov] ! ,b>que1 z (        
,melilot4 ,9 o!rs1 !y /& n s mu* 9      
,pricks1 z ,portions or ,colums1 z 9    
,cumfry4  #bg4 4 ,9 o!rs1 aga91 !y all  
/& 9 m cont9u$ ,l9es1 ei!r ,rays or     
,diametral1 z 9 ,borage2 or ,p]iph]ial1 
z 9 ,cel&9e4 ,! ,vascul> ,rays are n    
equally ext5d$ 9 all ,roots3 9 ,p>snep1 
t[>ds ! ,circumf]5ce ( ! ,b>que2  ,tab4 
#g1 #h1 #i4  9 ,bugloss1 ab\t half way4 
,9 all ,docks1 & ,sorrels1 ! ,rays are  

ext5d$ ?r\gh ab\t  ( ! ?ickness ( !     
,b>que1 t[>ds ! ,circumf]5ce1 :]eab\t1  
div]s ( !m are always ar*$ 91 two & two 
toge!r4 ,9 all or _m ,trefoyls1 & ( !   
,legum9\s ,k9d1 !y are ext5d$ ?r\gh no m
 ?an  ( ! ,b>que4 ,9 ! ,umbellif]\s1 !y 
are ,rall$ 9 betwixt ! ,diametral       
,portions ( ! ,p>5*yma4 ,9 ,borage1 !   
,rays are m ,cont9u\s2 9 a ,c>rot1 m    
,prick$4 ,"h also ! ,pricks /& 9 ,ev5   
,l9es2 9 ,lovage1 !y are ,div>icat$4 ,( 
:i*1 & ^? ( "s o!r ,roots1 x is also    
,obs]vable1 ,t !y are n all me] ,pricks1
 b mo/ ( !m small1 yet real ,circles2   
,tab4 #h4  :i*1 aft] ! ,milk ha? be5    
frequ5tly lick$ (f1 & cease? to asc5d1  
are visible1 ev5 )\t a ,glass4 ,& note1 
t 9 obs]v+ all ,milk-,vessels1 ! ,milk  
is to be tak5 (f1 n ) ! ,f+] b !        
,tongue2 s (t51 till x rise? no m1 or b 
little4 ,& "s ,roots may also be soak$ 9
 ,wat]2 :]eby ! ,position ( !           
,milk-,vessels1 w be visible by ! d>k]  
,col\r ( ! ,b>que1 :]e !y /&4  #bh4 4 ,!
 ,rays sometimes1 run m ,p>allel1 & keep

 sev]al1 z 9 ,monk%ood2 & sometimes1    
t[>ds ! ,circumf]5ce ( ! ,b>que1 !y are 
occurr5t2  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 #i4  z n only 9
 ,docks1 b o!r ,plants3 ,9 ,eryngo1 9 a 
t]m9ation m ,circul>2 & 9 ,bryony1      
angul>1 or 9 ! =m ( a ,glory1 z also 9  
,horsradi%1 ?r\gh a ,microscope4  ,tab4 
#ae4  ,! ,p]iph]ial ,l9es are 9 "s1 m   
entire ,circles1 z 9 ,d&elion2 9 o!rs1  
made up ( %ort] ,*ords1 z 9 ,potato1    
,cumfry1 & ! small] "p ( ! ,root (      
,monks-hood4 ,9 "s1 ! ,pricks are s     
exce$+ small1 & /& s close1 t1 to ! b>e 
eye1 !y seem to be cont9u\s ,r+s1 :i*   
yet1 ?r\gh ! ,microscope1 appe> di/9ct1 
z 9 ,m>%-mall[ & ,liquiri%4  ,tab4 #ab4 
#bi4 4 ,sometimes ,columns & ,*ords are 
comp\nd$1 z 9 ,burnet2 ,pricks & ,*ords1
 9 ,potato2 ,rays & ,r+s1 9 ,monk%ood2  
:]e ! ,r+ is ,s+le4 ,9 ,f5il1 !re is a  
d\ble or treble ord] bo? ( ,rays & ,r+s1
 ! ,lymphducts /&+ 9 ,rays & ! ,lacteals
 9 ,r+s4 ,& 9 ,m>%-mall[1 ! ,vessels are
 s posit$ z to make bo? ^? k9ds ( ,l9es 
at once4  #cj4 4 ,9 ,cel&9e1 !y seem    

all1 to ! b>e eye1 to /& 9 num]\s ,r+s  
ly+ ev5 "o )9 ano!r4 ,z also 9 ,d&elion2
 9 :i* yet1 be+ view$ ?r\gh a           
,microscope1  ,tab4 #ac4  !re is an     
appe>ance ( v _m small ,rays2 :i* /ream+
 f ! ,inn] ,v]ge ( ! ,b>que1 cross ?ree 
or f\r ( ! small] ,r+s1 & are !re       
t]m9at$4 ,:5ce x %\ld seem t ,lymphatick
 ,rays & ,milky ,r+s1 are 9 t ,root1 s  
f> mix$ toge!r4 ,only ! ,lympha1 be+    
conf\nd$ ) ! ,milk1 _c be disc]n$4 ,&   
:]e ! ,milky-,vessels are evacuat$1 or  
at su* ,seasons1 :]e9 !y are less full1 
div]s ,milky ,roots w yield a cle>      
,liquor at ! ,inn] ,v]ge ( ! ,b>que1    
:]e1 at o!r times1 !y seem to yield only
 ,milk4 ,& ?is is ! ,description ( !    
,b>que4                                 
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                            
,( ! ,,wood4   ,,t ,portion ( ! ,root   
:i* /&e? next )9 ! ,b>que1 & 9 ,trees1 &
 ,%rubby ,plants1 is ! ,wood2 is also   
comp\nd$ ( ,two ,sub/antially diff]5t   
,bodies1 ,p>5*ym\s & ,lign\s4 ,!        
,p>5*ym\s1 is ( ! same ,sub/antial      

,nature ) t ( ! ,b>que4 ,& is orig9at$ f
 x2 be+ n only adjac5t to x1 b all r\nd 
ab\t cont9u\s !re)2 ev5 z t1 is ) !     
,sk92 ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que1 be+        
di/ribut$1 f "t to "t1 p>tly outw>d into
 ! ,sk91 & p>tly inw>d1 into ! ,wood4   
#b4 4 ,! ,position ( ! sev]al p>ts h]e(1
 is diff]5t4 ,= ! mo/ "p x ha? a        
,diametral ,cont9uation1 9 sev]al       
,portions1 runn+ betwixt z _m m ( !     
,lign\s1 f ! ,circumf]5ce t[>ds ! ,c5t] 
( ! ,root3 all toge!r1 con/itut+ t1 :i* 
9 ! ,second ,*apt] ( ! ,fir/ ,book1 ,i  
call ! ,ins]tm5t4 ,9 ! ,roots ( _m      
,h]bs1 ^! ,diametral or ,ins]t$         
,portions are m obs]vable1 z 9 ,cumfry2 
,tab4 #i4  :i* leade? to ! notice ( !m 9
 all o!rs1 bo? ( ,h]bs & ,trees4        
,sometimes "p ( ?is ,p>5*ym\s ,body is  
dispos$ into ,r+s1 z 9 ,f5il4 ,! ,numb] 
& ,size ( :i* ,r+s diff]3 ,9 ,f5il1 :5 !
 ,root is gr[n l>ge1 !y are 9 "s places 
broad]1 b few]2  ,tab4 #h1 #i4  9 ,beet 
!y are n>r[]1 b m4 ,! ,diametral        
,portions are "h1 9 l mann]1 mu* v>i$2 9

 ,cumfry1 ,cel&9e1 l>g]2 9 ,beet1       
,bugloss1 mean]2 9 ,borage1 ,p>snep1 m1 
& small]2 & 9 mo/ ,woody-,roots1 /ream+ 
betwixt ! ,pi? & ! ,b>que1 z s _m small 
,rays4 ,_! ,cont9uation is also diff]5t2
 9 "s ,roots1 to ! ,c5tre1 z 9          
,columb9e2 9 o!rs n1 z 9 ,p>snep4  ,tab4
 #ag4  ,& sometimes diff]5t 9 ! same    
,root1 z 9 ! ,v9e4  #c4 4 ,! ,contexture
 ( ^! ,p>5*ym\s ,portions is sometimes  
,uni=m1 z 9 ,bugloss1 ,peony2 &         
sometimes also1 z x is 9 ! ,b>que1      
diff]5t2 9 "p1 m sappy1 & transp>5t2 9  
"p1 m :ite1 dry1 & a]y1 z 9 ,c>rot1     
,lovage1 ,scorzon]a1 & o!rs2 :i* yet _c 
be obs]v$ )\t a w>y view4 ,b _! g5]al   
,texture is ! same be+ all made up ( _m 
small ,bladd]s4 ,:i* are "h ( diff]5t   
,sizes1 l ^? ( ! ,b>que1 b = ! mo/ "p   
small]4 ,_! ,%ape likewise1 is usually  
,r\nd2 b sometimes ,oblong & ,oval1 z 9 
,borage2 or ,oblong & ,squ>e1 z 9 !     
,v9e4  ,tab4 #ag4   #d4 4 ,! ,lign\s    
,"p1 if n always1 yet usually1 is also  
,comp\nd$ ( ,two ,k9ds ( ,bodies1 scil4 

,succif]\s or ,lign\s & ,a]-,vessels4 ,!
 ,lign\s z f> z disc]nable1 are ( ! same
 ,con=mation & ,nature ) ^? ( ! ,b>que1 
& 9 ! transv]se cut ( ! ,root1 d        
(t5times1 z ^?1 emit a ,liquor4 ,!y are 
also ,brac$2 & _m ( !m run 9 di/9ct     
,?r$s or ,portions1 collat]ally toge!r4 
#e4 4 ,! ,a] ,vessels ,i s call1 because
 !y conta9 no ,liquor1 b an ,a]y ,vap\r4
 ,!y are1 m or less1 visible 9 all      
,roots4 ,!y may be di/+ui%$1 to ! b>e   
,eye1 f ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 by _! ,:it]  
,surface2 & _! /&+ m prom95t1 :]as ^?   
%r9k bel[ ! transv]se level ( ! ,root1  
^u dry+4 ,!y are frequ5tly ,conjugat$   
div]s ( !m toge!r1 sometimes few]1 & = !
 mo/ "p s+le1 z 9 ,asp>agus2  ,tab4 #aj1
  #ae4  sometimes _m1 z 9 ,hors-,radi%4 
,& _! ,conjugations are also ,brac$1 z !
 ,?r$s ( ! ,succif]\s ,vessels4 ,b !y   
are no :]e ,inosculat$3 nor ,twi/$ "o   
ab\t ano!r2 b only ,tang5t or           
,collat]al4 ,nei!r are !y ,ramifi$1 !   
great] into less2 b are all di/9ctly    
cont9u$1 z ! ,n]ves 9 ,animals1 f "o end

 ( ! ,root to ! o!r4  #f4 4 ,_! ,braces1
 z ^? ( ! ,succif]\s ,vessels1 are also 
( v>i\s numb]3 9 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1   
,cumfry1 ,scorzon]a1 m r>e2 9 ,borage1  
,burnet1 m frequ5t2 z by /ripp+ (f !    
,b>que ( su* ,roots1 :]e x is easily    
sep>able1 may be se54  ,tab4 #f4  ,& !y 
(t5 v>y 9 ! same ,root2 s 9 ,borage1    
,scorzon]a1 c4 !y are m frequ5t 9 !     
,c5tre1 & next ! ,b>que1 ?an 9 !        
,int]m$iate space1 z by splitt+ ^?      
,roots d[n ! middle do? appe>4  ,tab4   
#f4  ,!y also v>y f ^? ( ! ,succif]\s   
,vessels2 ^? be+ usually m frequ5t1 z 9 
,j]usalem ,arti*oke1 ?an ^! ( ! ,a]ial4 
#g4 4 ,betwixt ^! ,brac$ ,a]-,vessels1 &
 ! re/1 :i* make ! true ,wood1 run !    
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts above describ$2  ,tab4  
#f4  z !y d betwixt ! ,succif]\s 9 !    
,b>que3 & s make up two ,pieces ( ,net  
,"w1 :]( "o is ! fill+ up ( ! o!r4  #h4 
4 ,! ,position ( bo? ^! ,k9ds (         
,vessels1 is ,v>i\s4 ,! ,succif]\s or   
,lign\s1 are sometimes posit$ 9         
diametral l9es or portions2 z 9 ! ,v9e1 

& mo/ ,trees4  ,tab4 #ag4  ,sometimes1  
oppositely to ! ,a]ial1 z 9 ,beet2      
,tab4 #h4  ea* ,r+ h]e9 be+ d\ble1 &    
made bo? ( ,sap- & ,a]-,vessels4  #i4 4 
,9 ,nettle ! ,position is v peculi>1    
,tab4 #h4  f :at x is 9 ! ,roots ( o!r  
,h]bs2 be+ curi\sly mix$2 ! ,succif]\s  
runn+ cross ! ,a]ial1 9 sev]al1 viz4    
,five1 ,six1 ,sev51 or m ,r+s4 ,9       
,bryony ! sev]al ,conjugations ( !      
,a]ial1 are di/9ctly surr\nd$ ) !       
,succif]\s4  ,tab4 #g4  ,9 ,pati5ce1 !  
,succif]\s are dispos$1 besides ,rays1  
into _m small ,r+s1 ( diff]5t ,sizes1   
spr9kl$ up & d[n1 & n1 z 9 o!r ,roots   
hav+ "o common ,c5tre2 )9 div]s :]e(1 ! 
,a]-,vessels are includ$3 especially )9 
^? :i* are drawn1 n into ,r+s1 b1 z x 71
 into little /ragl+ ,h$ges4  #aj4 4 ,t  
also ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 is ,v>i\s &      
,elegant3 especially 9 ! upp] "p ( !    
,root4 ,9 ,ammi1 ,lilium-non-bulbosom1  
!y make a ,r+4 ,9 ^!1 a ,prick'd-,r+2 9 
,peony1 a ,r+ ( ,rays2 9 ,val]ian1 a ,r+
 ( ,pricks & ,rays4  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 #i4  

,9 o!rs1 !y make n ,r+s1 b long] ,rays1 
ext5d$ ei!r t[>ds ! ,c5tre1 z 9         
,scorzon]a2 or meet+ 9 x1 z 9 ,columb9e4
 ,9 ! ,common ,dock1 !y /& m 9 s+le     
,rays3 9 ! o!r ,species ( ,docks1 bo? 9 
,rays1 & collat]al ,conjugations betwe54
  #aa4 4 ,9 ,beet1 !y /& 9 sev]al ,r+s2 
& e ,r+1 made ( ,rays4 ,9 ,cumfry1 !    
,rays & ,r+s are sep>ate2 ^? /& )\t1 ^! 
next ! ,c5tre4  ,tab4 #h1 #i4  ,9       
,d&elion1 !y /& altoge!r1 & make a      
little ,rope1 9 ! ,c5t] x self4 ,9      
,g]anium1 & o!rs ( t ,k9dr$1 !y make a  
little ,?r$1 9 ! same place4 ,& 9       
,skirret1 !y /& 9 two ,?r$s1 ne> !      
,c5tre4  #ab4 4 ,9 ,cel&9e1 !y /& 9     
almo/ p>allel ,l9es4  ,tab4 #h1 #i4  ,9 
,monks-hood1 ( a w$g$ ,figure2 divid$ 9 
! small] "p ( ! ,root1 into ,?ree little
 ,w$ges1 ) _! poynts meet+ exactly 9 !  
,c5tre4 ,9 ,c9cquefoyle1 & ,/rawb]ry1 !y
 are also po/ur'd 9 ?ree ,conjugations1 
triangul>ly4 ,9 ! "y ,roots ( ,oak1 !y  
/& nei!r 9 ,radiat$1 nor o!rwise /rait1 
b ,w9d+ ,l9es4 ,& 9 ,borage ! position1 

( _m ( !m1 is ,spiral4 ,z likewise1     
sometimes1 9 ,m]cury1 or ,lapa?um       
unctuosum4  ,tab4 #ae4  ,9              
,horse-,radi%1 !y /& m confus$ nei!r 9  
,r+s nor 9 ,rays2 yet _! sev]al         
,conjugations1 are radiat$3 ) v _m o!r  
diff]5ces4  #ac4 4 ,! ,quantity ( ^!    
,vessels1 z to ! space !y take up 9 !   
,root1 is to be comput$ ,two ways1 ,by  
_! ,numb]1 & ,size4 ,_! ,numb] may1 9 "s
 ,roots1 & 9 "s measure1 be judg$ (1 by 
! b>e ,eye2 hav+1 frequ5tly1 a :it]     
surface ?an ! o!r ,p>ts4 ,z also _!     
,size2 ! ,bore ( ^! ,vessels be+ great] 
?an t ( ! ,lign\s 9 all ,roots2         
especially 9 "s4 ,= if y take ! ,roots (
 ,v9e1 ,f5il1 ,d&elion1 ,plum-tree1     
,eld]1 ,will[1 c4 & lay !m by1 = "s "t1 
to dry2 & !n1 hav+ cut (f a v ?9 ,slice 
( ea*1 transv]sely2 if y hold up ^?     
,slices be=e y\r ,eye1 s z ! ,light may 
be traject$ ?r\gh ! said ,vessels1 !y   
h]eby become visible1 z notably diff]5t1
 bo? 9 ,numb] & ,size4  #ad4 4 ,b       
undeceitful & accurate ,obs]vation ( bo?

 _! ,numb]1 & ,size1 mu/ be made by !   
,microscope2 & s !y w appe> to be mu* m 
v>i\s4 ,9 ,bi/ort1 ,skirret1 !y are v   
few2 9 ,beet1 v _m3 betwixt :i* extreams
 !re are all ,degrees2 z 9 ,orp9e1 ,v5us
 ,look+-,glass1 ,scorzon]a1 ,great      
,cel&9e1 ,peony1 ,borage1 ,f5il1 c4 may 
be se54 ,s _! ,size1 9 "s is extream    
small1 z 9 ,/rawb]ry1 ,bi/ort1 ,val]ian2
 9 o!rs v great1 z 9 ,asp>agus1         
,bugloss1 ,v9e4 ,!y are also ( sev]al   
,sizes 9 "o & ! same ,num]ical ,root2 b 
9 "s1 are less v>i$1 z 9 ,lilium non    
bulbosum1 ,asp>agus1 ,bugloss2 9 o!rs1  
m1 z 9 ,bryony1 ,lovage4  ,tab4 #aj4 to 
#ag4  ,among/ all ,roots1 !y v>y by ab\t
 ,tw5ty ,degrees2 z by comp>+ ! ,roots (
 ,v9e1 ,?orn-,apple1 ,bryony1 ,lovage1  
,f5il1 ,wild ,c>rot1 ,saxifrage1        
,p>sley1 ,peony1 ,hore-h\nd1 ,c9quefoyl1
 ,/rawb]ry1 c4 toge!r1 may be se54 ,"s (
 ^? 9 ! ,v9e1 be+ ( ! greate/ ,size2    
appe>+ ?r\gh a good ,glass1 at lea/ "o  
,?ird ( an ,in* 9 ,diametre3 ^? 9       
,/rawb]ry1 & t ,k9d1 ( ! smalle/2 mo/ ( 

!m appe>+1 9 ! same ,glass1 no bigg]1   
?an to admit ! poynt ( a small ,p91     
accord+ to ! ,/&>d1 9 ,tab4 #ab4 ,see   
also ! ,figures ( s _m ( !m z are drawn4
  #ae4 4 ,9 "s ,roots1 !y are ,small1 & 
,few2 z 9 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke2 9 o!rs   
,small1 b ,_m1 z 9 ,horse-,radi%3  ,tab4
 #aa1 #ad1 #ae1 #ag4  9 ,bugloss1 !y are
 ,great1 b ,few2 9 ! ,v9e1 ,great & ,_m4
 ,s t ! proportion1 :i* ^? ( a ,v9e1 _! 
,numb] & ,size be+ tak5 toge!r1 be> to  
^? ( ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1 may be1 at    
lea/1 z ,fifty1 to ,"o4 ,( ! smalle/    
,k9ds1 z ^? ( ,c9quefoyl1 ,j]usalem     
,arti*oke1 & ! l2 ,x is to be not$1 ,t  
!y are sc>ce ev] visible 9 ! fre%       
,slices ( ^! ,roots2 b aft] !y h layn by
 a :ile1 at la/1 by a good ,glass1 ,cle>
 ,light1 & /$dy ,view1 are disc]nable4  
#af4 4 ,9 "s ,roots1 ! great] ( ^!      
,vessels /& 9 or next ! ,c5tre1  ,tab4  
#ac1 #ae4  z 9 ,t>axacum1 or ,d&elion2 9
 o!rs next ! circumf]5ce1 z 9           
,horse-,radi%4 ,sometimes ea* ( !m is f 
"o end ( ! ,root to ! o!r1 ( a m equal  

,size1 or m ,cyl9drical1 z 9 ,m>%-mall[2
 b usually1 !y wid51 m or less1 f !     
,top1 to ! ,bottom ( ! ,root1 z 9       
,?orn-,apple3 ab\t ! ,top ( :i*1 !y are1
 = ! mo/ "p1 b ( ! ,six?1 ,sev5?1 &     
,eigh?1 ,magnitude2 "s ( ! ,fif?1 b none
 ( ! ,?ird2 b ab\t ! ,bottome1 !y are   
mo/ ( ! ,?ird1 & ,fif?3 :5ce x is       
manife/1 ,t "s ( !m are1 9 ! mann] (    
,ve9s1 some:at ,pyramidal4 ,yet is x    
obs]vable1 ,t _! ampliation proce$e? n  
t[>ds1 b f _! ,orig9al1 z 9 ,n]ves4     
#ag4 4 ,( ^! ,vessels ,seignior         
,malpighi ha? obs]v$2 ,componuntur 7sai?
 he7 exposit fi/ul ,zona t5ui           
pellucida1 velut arg5tei coloris lam9a1 
p>um lata2 qu1 spiralit] locata1        
extremis lat]ibus unita1 ,tubum1 int]ius
  ext]ius aliquantulum asp]um1 efficit4 
#ah4 4 ,to ^: ,obs]vation ,i fur!r add1 
,t ! ,spiral ,zone1 or ,lam9a1 z he     
calls x1 is n ev] "o ,s+le ,piece2 b    
consi/e? ( ,two or ,m r\nd & true       
,fibres1 al?\gh /&+ collat]ally toge!r1 
yet p]fectly di/9ct4 ,nei!r are ^! ,s+le

 ,fibres !mselves flat1 l a ,zone2 b ( a
 r\nd =me1 l a mo/ f9e ,?r$4 ,accord+ z 
few] or m ( ^! ,fibres happ5 to break   
(f1 f _! ,spiral location1 toge!r2 !    
,zone is n>r[]1 or broad]3 usually1     
,n>r[] 9 ! ,trunk1 & ,broad] 9 ! ,root4 
#ai4 4 ,( ^! ,fibres ,i also ,obs]ve1 ,t
 !y are n ,inosculat$ side to side1 b   
are ,knit toge!r by o!r small] ,fibres2 
^? be+1 z x 71 ! ,w>p1 & ^! ! ,wo( ( !  
,a]-,vessels4 ,yet ,i ?9k ! sev]al      
,fibres are n int]wov5 j z 9 a ,web2 b  
by a k9d ( ,/it*1 z ! sev]al ,plates or 
,br$?s ( a ,floor-,mat4 ,a cle> &       
elegant sight ( ^! ,fibres1 & ( _!      
,int]weftage1 by splitt+ a ,v9e-,root1  
or a piece ( ,oak1 may1 ) a good ,glass 
9 ! sides ( _! ,great] ,a]-,vessels1 be 
obta9$2 hav+ mu* ( ! resemblance (      
,close ,ne$le-"w4  #bj4 4 ,! ,spiration 
( ! ,fibres ( ^! ,vessels1 may m easily 
be obs]v$ 9 ! ,trunk1 ?an 9 ! ,root4 ,& 
bett] 9 y\ng] ,plants1 ?an o!r4 ,& n s  
well by ,cutt+ z by ,splitt+1 or by     
,te>+ (f "s small ,piece1 ?r\gh :i* !y  

run3 _! ,con=mation be+1 by ?is means1 n
 spoil$4 ,yet ?is way1 ! ,vessels are   
se51 *iefly1 ,unresolv$4  #ba4 4 ,b 9 ! 
,leaves & ,t5d] ,/alks ( all su*        
,plants1 z %ew1 ^u break+1 a k9d ( ,d\ne
 or ,wool2 !y may be se5 ,resolv$ &     
,drawn out1 & t "s times ev5 to ! nak$  
,eye1 an ,in* or two ,in*es 9 l5g?4 ,?is
 ,wool be+ no?+ else1 b a c]ta9 numb] ( 
,fibres ,resolv$ f _! ,spiral position 9
 ^! ,vessels1 & ,drawn out 9 ,l5g?2 & s 
clu/r$ toge!r1 z s _m ,?r$s or little   
,ropes3 appe>+ ?us m or less1 9 !       
,leaves & "s o!r ,p>ts ( mo/ ,plants2 b 
m rem>quably 9 "s1 z 9 ! ,v9e1 ,scabi\s1
 & o!rs4 ,z also 9 ! ,scales ( a        
,squill4 ,9 :i* la/1 = example1 !y are s
 easily sep>able1 z fur!r to %ew1 :at   
be=e 0 obs]v$2 viz4 ,t ! ,plate or      
,zone1 into :i* ! ,a]-,vessels are      
usually ,resolv$1 is n "o ,s+le ,piece1 
or me] ,plate2 b made up ( sev]al ,r\nd 
,fibres1 all /&+ & runn+ p>allel1 & s   
knit toge!r by o!r small] ones1         
tranv]sly1 9 ! =m ( a ,zone4 ,= if y    

break or cut a ,leaf or ,%ell ( a fre%  
,squill1 till y come to ! ,a]-,vessels1 
& hav+ s(tly drawn !m out1 = ab\t an    
,in* or m 7to ! nak$ ,eye7 9 l5g?1 y !n 
s+le out "o or two ( !m f ! re/1 & r[l  
!m1 z !y hang at ! ,%ell1 eight or n9e  
times r\nd1 ea* ,vessel w appe>1 ?r\gh a
 ,glass1 to consi/ ( #h1 #aj1 or #ab    
small ,fibres2 :i*1 9 ! ,unresolv$      
,vessel1 run p>allel2 b by ?is means1   
are all sep>at$ "o f ano!r4 ,see !      
,figures belong+ to ! ,?ird & ,f\r?     
,books4  #bb4 4 ,! ,process ( _!        
,spiration1 is n1 s f> z ,i h obs]v$1   
accid5tal1 b con/antly ! same2 scil4 ,9 
! ,root1 by ,s\?1 f ,we/ to ,ea/3 ,b 9 !
 ,trunk1 contr>ily1 by ,s\?1 f ,ea/ to  
,we/4  #bc4 4 ,! ,cont5t ( ^! ,vessels1 
is1 z ha? already be5 intimat$1 m ,a]y4 
,! ,argum5ts = :i*1 are1 ,t ^u a        
transv]se ,cut ( ! ,root1 ! ,sap asc5de?
 n !re1 :]e ,^! /&4 ,be+ also view$     
?r\gh a ,microscope1 !y are nev] obs]v$ 
to be fill$ ) ,liquor4 ,besides a ,root 
cut & imm]s$ 9 ,wat]1 till ! ,wat] is 9 

"s "p got into ^! ,vessels1 & !n ! ,root
 tak5 out & cru%$2 ! o!r ,p>ts w yield  
,liquor1 b ,^!1 only ,bubbles3 :i*      
,bubbles are made1 by "s small quantity 
( ,liquor mix$ ) ! ,a]1 be=e conta9$ 9 !
 said ,vessels4 ,to :i*1 o!r ,argum5ts w
 arise out ( ^? ,?+s t foll[ 9 ! ,second
 ,"p4 ,z also = ?is ,cont5t1 its n be+ a
 pure or simple1 b ,vapor\s ,a]4 ,:e!r  
^! ,vessels may n1 9 "s ,vegetables1 &  
at "s times1 conta9 ,liquor1 is         
d\btful4#b ,?us f> ( ! ,lign\s ,"p4     
#b ,see ,book #c4                       
,,*ap4 ,v4                              
,( ! ,,pi?4   ,,)9 ! ,lign\s ,"p lye? ! 
,pi?4 ,?is ,"p is n common to all       
,roots1 = "s h none1 z ,nicotian1       
,/ramonium1 & o!rs4 ,yet _m :i* h none1 
or b little1 ?r\gh\t all _! l[] p>ts1 h 
"o fair en\gh ab\t _! tops1 z ,mall[1   
,b\rage1 ,d&elion1 & ! l4  ,tab4 #f4    
,see ! ,roots4 ,& 9 _m o!rs !re are     
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 ( ! same sub/antial    
nature ) ! ,pi?1 di/ribut$ betwixt !    
sev]al ,r+s ( ,vessels1 & e :]e visible1

 f ! top to ! bottom1 z 9 ,beet1 ,f5il1 
c4  ,tab4 #h4   #b4 4 ,! ,size ( ! ,pi? 
is v>i$ by _m ,degrees1 easily reckon$  
an ,hundr$2 9 ,f5il1 ,d&elion1          
,asp>agus1 b small2 9 ,horse-,radi%1    
,val]ian1 ,bi/ort1 great4 ,! ,%ape h]e(1
 9 ! l[] p>ts ( mo/ ,roots1 is          
,pyramidal2 b at ! tops1 ,v>i\s1 accord+
 to ! diff]5t ,di/ribution ( ! ,vessels1
 z 9 ,c>rot1 ,hyp]bolick1 9 ,p>sley1    
,oval2  ,tab4 #f4  z appe>e?1 9 cutt+ ! 
,roots l5g?-ways4  #c4 4 ,! ,pi?1 = !   
mo/ "p1 especially 9 ,trees1 is a       
,simple ,body3 b sometimes1 x is1 z !   
,b>que1 comp\nd$2 "s c]ta9 numb] (      
,succif]\s ,vessels be+ mix$ h]e)2 z 9  
,j]usalem ,arti*oke1  ,tab4 #f1  #h4    
,horse-,radi%1 c4 ^u a trav]se cut1 by a
 /rict view1 may be disc]n$4 ,_!        
,position is sometimes ,confus$1 z 9 a  
,c>rot2 & sometimes ,regul>1 z 9        
,p>sley2 appe>+1 by ! trav]se cut1 9    
,r+s1 & 9 cutt+ by ! l5g?1 9 ,ar*es4    
,tab4 #f4  ,& sometimes ! ,pi? is holl[2
 z 9 ! ,level-,roots ( ,bi%ops-,we$3 ^! 

,roots be+ made out ( ! ,/alk1  4 #ac1  
#ad1 #ae4  z 9 ! ,fir/ ,*apt] ha? be5   
%ew$1 h[4  #d4 4 ,z all ! o!r ,p>ts ( ! 
,root1 are orig9at$ f ! ,se$2 s1        
sometimes1 is ! ,pi? x self4 ,b         
sometimes1 x ha? its m imm$iate         
,d]ivation f ! ,b>que4 ,h5ce x is1 t _m 
,roots1 :i* h no ,pi? 9 _! l[] p>ts1 h  
"o at _! top1 z ,columb9e1 ,lovage1 c4  
,tab4 #d4  ,= ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( !     
,b>que be+1 by degrees1 di/ribut$ into  
,diametral ,portions1 runn+ betwixt ^? (
 ! ,lign\s ,body1 & at l5g?1 meet+ &    
unit+ 9 ! ,c5tre1 !y ?us con/itute !    
,pi?4 ,9 ! same mann]1 at ! top ( "s    
,roots1 ! ,pi? is ei!r made or augm5t$1 
out ( ! ,p>5*ym\s ,r+s above describ$2  
^! be+ gradually di/ribut$ to1 & embodi$
 9 ! ,c5tre2 z 9 ,f5il1 & "s o!r ,roots1
 _! l[] & upp] p>ts comp>$ toge!r1 maybe
 se54 ,ev5 z 9 ,animals1 "o ,"p1 z !    
,dura ,mat]1 is ! orig9al ( div]s o!rs4 
#e4 4 ,f h5ce1 x also appe>s1 ,t ! ,pi? 
is ( ! same ,sub/antial ,nature ) !     
,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que1 & ) ! ,diametral   

,portions2 & t !re=e !y are all "o body1
 diff]+ 9 no ,ess5tial ,prop]ty1 b only 
9 _! ,%ape & ,place4 ,! same is also    
evid5t f ! ,cont9uity ( ! ,pi? ) !      
,diametral ,portions1 z ( ,^!1 ) ! said 
,p>5*yma4 ,& f _! ,contexture1 :i*1 by a
 ,microscope1 appe>e? to be ( "o & !    
same g5]al k9d1 9 all ,plants1 bo? 9 !  
,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que1 9 ! ,ins]tm5t or   
,diametral ,portions1 & 9 ! ,pi?1 all   
be+ made up ( ,bladd]s4   ,tab4 #i1     
#ae4  #f4 4 ,! ,bladd]s ( ! ,pi?1 are ( 
v diff]5t ,sizes2 seldom less1 ?an 9 !  
,b>que1 z 9 ,asp>agus2 usually mu*      
bigg]1 z 9 ,horse-,radi%4 ,!y may be    
well reckon$ to ab\t fifte5 or tw5ty    
degrees2 ^? 9 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1 ( !  
l>ge/2 9 ,val]ian1 ,horse-,radi%1 ( !   
mean]2 9 ,bi/ort1 ,peony1 ( ! smalle/4  
,_! ,position is r>ely v>i$1 z x is     
(t5times1 9 ! ,b>que2 b m uni=m1 & 9 !  
transv]se ,cut1 equally respective to   
all p>ts ( ! ,root3 yet be+ pil$ ev5ly1 
"o ov] ano!r1 9 ! long cut1 !y seem to  
run1 9 ,direct ,tra9s1 by ! l5g? ( !    

,root4 ,_! ,%ape also is1 usually m     
orbicul>2  ,tab4 #aa4  b sometimes1     
some:at angul>1 9 ! l>g] k9ds1 z 9      
,j]usalem ,arti*oke4   #g4 4 ,,?us ,,f> 
! ,contexture ( ! ,pi? is well          
discov]able 9 ! ,root4 ,9 ! ,trunk1     
f>!r1 & m easily4 ,:]e( !re=e1 9 ! next 
,book1 ,i %all give a m p>ticul>        
,description & ,draught4 ,yet s9ce ,i am
 speak+ ( x1 ,i %all n :olly omit "h to 
obs]ve1 ,t ! ,sides1 by :i* ! a=esaid   
,bladd]s ( ! ,pi? are circumscrib$1 are 
n me] ,pap]-,sk9s1 or rude ,membranes2 b
 s _m sev]al ,ranks or ,piles ( exce$+  
small ,fibr\s ,?r$s2 ly+1 = ! mo/ "p1   
ev5ly "o ov] ano!r1 f ! bottom to ! top 
( e ,bladd]2 & runn+ cross1 z ! ,?r$s 9 
! ,weav]s ,w>p1 f "o ,bladd] to ano!r4  
,:i* is to say1 ,t ! ,pi? is no?+ else b
 a ,rete mirabile1 or an ,inf9ite ,numb]
 ( ,fibres exquisitely small1 &         
admirably ,complicat$ toge!r3 z by cutt+
 ! ,pi? ) a ,razor1 & s view+ x ) a good
 ,glass1 may be se54 ,see ! ,figures    
belong+ to ! ,?ird ,book4  #h4 4 ,all   

,plants exhibit ?is ,spectable1 n alike 
di/9ctly2 ^? be/1 ) ! l>ge/ ,bladd]s4   
,nor ! same ,pi?1 9 any condition2 b    
be/1 :5 dry3 ,because !n1 ! ,sap be+    
void$1 ! spaces betwixt ! ,fibr\s ,?r$s1
 & s ! ,?r$s !mselves1 are m di/9ctly   
disc]nable4 ,yet is x n to be dry$1 aft]
 ,cutt+2 ,because its sev]al p>ts1 w    
!reupon co9cide & become de=m$4 ,b to be
 *os51 :ile ! ,plant is yet gr[+2 at :i*
 "t1 x may be (t5 f\nd dry1 yet unde=m$2
 z 9 ! ,trunks ( ,common ,?i/le1        
,j]usalem ,arti*oke1 c4  #i4 4 ,nei!r   
are ^! ,?r$s1 s f> z ,i c obs]ve1 ,s+le 
,fibres2 b usually1 consi/ ( sev]al     
toge!r4 ,nor are !y simply ,collat]al1 b
 by ! weftage ( o!r ,fibres1 9 _!       
natural ,e/ate1 knit toge!r2 mu* aft] ! 
same mann] z ! ,spiral ,fibres ( !      
,a]-,vessels4 ,?is ,connexion ,i h no   
:]e s well se51 z 9 ! ,:ite ,bottoms ( !
 ,bladd]s ( a ,bulru%1 be+ cut trav]se2 
:]e9 !y h ! appe>ance1 ( v ,f9e & close 
,ne$le-"w4  #aj4 4 ,! ,fibres by :i* !  
said ,?r$s are knit toge!r1 ,i ?9k are  

all ,s+le3 & are seldom & sc>cely       
visible1 except by obliquely ,te>+ !    
,pi?2 by :i* means1 !y w appe> ?r\gh !  
,glass1 brok5 (f1 sometimes1 a qu>t] or 
half an ,in*1 or an ,in* 9 ,l5g?2 & z   
small z "o ,s+le ,?r$ ( a ,spid]s ,webb4
 ,9 a ,bulru%1 !y are sometimes         
disc]nable 9 cutt+ by ! ,l5g?4 ,^!      
,fibres1 & ! ,?r$s1 !y knit toge!r1 = ! 
mo/ "p1 are s pellucid1 & closely       
situate1 t !y frequ5tly seem to make ,"o
 entire ,body1 z a piece ( ,ice or a    
film ( ,wat] x self3 or ev5 z ,animal   
,sk9s sometimes %ew1 :i* yet are kn[n to
 be ,fibr\s4  #aa4 4 ,! ,situation ( ^! 
,?r$s1 is contr>y to t ( ! ,vessels1 z  
^? by ! ,l5g?1 s ^!1 *iefly1 by ! ,br$? 
( ! ,root1 or horizontally1 f "o edge ( 
! ,pi? to ! o!r4 ,!y are cont9u$        
circul>ly2 :]eby1 z (t z !y keep )9 !   
compass ( ! sev]al ,bladd]s1 ! said     
,bladd]s are ,r\nd3 ,b :]e !y w9de out (
 "o ,bladd]1 into ano!r1 !y mutually    
,int]sect a ,*ord ( _! sev]al ,circles2 
by :i* means1 ! ,bladd]s become ,angul>4

  #ab4 4 ,! ,contexture1 likewise1 bo? (
 ! ,p>5*ym\s ,"p ( ! ,b>que1 & ( !      
,diametral ,portions ins]t$ betwixt !   
,lign\s2 is ! same ) ?is ( ! ,pi?1 n[   
describ$2 t is1 ,fibr\s4 ,:5ce we       
und]/&1 ,h[ ! sev]al ,braces & ,?r$s ( !
 ,vessels are made3 ,= ! ,vessels runn+ 
by ! l5g? ( ! ,root1 z ! ,w>p2 by !     
,p>5*ym\s ,fibres runn+ cross or        
horizontally1 z ! ,wo(3 !y are ?us knit 
& z x 7 /it*$ up toge!r4 ,yet _! weftage
 seeme? n to be simple1 z 9 ,cloa?2 b t 
_m ( ! ,p>5*ym\s ,fibres are wrap$ r\nd 
ab\t ea* ,vessel2 &1 9 ! same mann]1 are
 cont9u$ f "o ,vessel to ano!r2 !reby   
knitt+ !m altoge!r1 m closely1 into "o  
,tubul>y ,?r$2 & ^? ,?r$s1 aga91 into "o
 ,brace3 mu* aft] ! mann] ( ! ,ne$le "w 
call$ ,back-,/it* or t us$ 9 ,quilt+ (  
,balls4 ,"s obscure sight h]e(1 may be  
tak5 9 a ,?r$ ( ,cambrick1 ?r\gh a      
,microscope4 ,b x is mo/ visible1 9 !   
,leaves & ,fl[]s ( "s ,plants4 ,!       
,del9eation ( ^! ,?+s ,i %all !re=e     
omit1 till we come h]eaft] to speak ( ! 

o!r ,p>ts4  #ac4 4 ,f :at ha? be5 said1 
x may be conjectur$2 ,t ! ,a] ,vessels  
successively appe>+ 9 ! ,b>que1 are =m$1
 n out ( any ,fluid ,matt]1 z are !     
orig9al ones3 ,b ( ! ,p>5*ym\s ,fibres2 
sc4 by *ang+ !m f a ,sph]ical to a      
,tubul>y ,=me4  #ad4 4 ,f ! prec$5ts1 x 
is also manife/1 ,t all ! ,p>5*ym\s     
,p>ts ( a ,root1 are ,fibr\s4  #ae4 4 ,&
 la/ly1 ,t ! :ole ,body ( a ,root1      
consi/e? ( ,vessels & ,fibres4 ,&1 ,t ^!
 ,fibres !mselves1 are ,tubul\s1 or s _m
 m ,vessels1 is mo/ probable3 ,!re only 
wante? a great] p]fection ( ,microscopes
 to det]m9e4  #af4 4 ,! ,cont5ts ( !    
,pi? are1 sometimes ,liquor1 & sometimes
 a ,vapor\s-,a]4 ,! ,liquor is always   
,diaphan\s1 z t ( ! ,p>5*ym\s ,"p ( !   
,b>que2 & 9 nature1 n mu* diff]+ f x4 ,!
 ,a] is sometimes less1 & sometimes m   
,vapor\s1 ?an t ( ! ,b>que4 ,by ?is ,a] 
,i mean1 t :i* is conta9$ 9 ! ,bladd]s4 
,)9 ! ,concaves ( ! ,fibres :i* compose 
! ,bladd]s1 ,i suppose1 !re is ano!r    
diff]5t ,sort ( ,a]4 ,s t z 9 ! ,bladd]s

 is conta9$ a m ,aque\s2 & 9 ! ,vessels1
 a m ,ess5tial ,liquor3 ,s sometimes1 9 
! same ,bladd]s1 is conta9$ a m         
,vapor\s2 & 9 ! ,fibres1 a m ,simple &  
,ess5tial ,a]4                          
,an ,acc\nt ( !                         
,,vegetation                            
,,(                                     
,,roots                     ,gr\nd$     
*iefly ^u ! =ego+                       
,,anatomy4                              
,,"p ,,ii4     ,,to ,philosophize1 is1  
,to r5d] ! ,causes & ,ends ( ,?+s4 ,no  
man1 !re=e1 t d5ie? ,god c d ?is1       
,truly4  ,!ology ! ,beg9n+ & ,end (     
,philosophy4  ,= ! tak+ away ( ! fir/   
,cause1 make? all ?+s ,cont+5t4 ,n[1 ( t
 :i* is ,cont+5t1 al?\gh !re may be an  
,ev5t2 yet !re c be no ,reason or ,end3 
s t ,m5 %\ld !n /udy1 ,t1 :i* is n4 ,s !
 ,causes ( ,?+s1 if !y are ,cont+5t1 !y 
_c be ,con/ant4 ,= t :i* is ! ,cause (  
,?is1 n[2 if x be s ,cont+5tly1 x may n 
be ! ,cause h]eaft]3 & no ,physical     
,proposition1 gr\nd$ ^u ! ,con/ancy &   

,c]ta9ty ( ,?+s1 c\ld h any f\ndation4  
,he1 !re=e1 t philosophise?1 & d5ie?    
,god1 playe? a *ildi% ,game4  #b4 4     
,:]e=e ,nature1 & ! ,causes & ,reasons (
 ,?+s1 duly contemplat$1 naturally lead 
u unto ,god2 & is "o way ( secur+ our   
,v5]ation ( ,him3 giv+ u1 n only a g5]al
 ,demon/ration ( 8 ,be+2 b a p>ticul>   
"o1 ( mo/ ( ! sev]al ,qualifications    
!re(4 ,= all ,goodness1 ,righte\sness1  
,proportion1 ,ord]1 ,tru?1 or :atev]    
else is ,excell5t & ,amiable 9 !        
,creatures2 x is ! ,demon/ration ( ! l 9
 ,god4 ,= x is impossible1 t ,god %\ld  
ev] make any ?+1 n l ,himself1 9 "s     
degree or o!r4 ,^! ,?+s1 & ! v ,notions 
:i* we h ( !m1 are ,conceptions issu+ f 
! ,womb ( ! ,div9e ,nature4  #c4 4 ,by !
 same means1 we h a great] assurance ( !
 ,excell5cy ( 8 ,sacr$ ,^w4 ,t ,he1 :o  
ha? ,done all ?+s s transc5d5tly well2  
mu/ ne$s ,speak z well1 z he ha? ,done4 
,t ,he1 :o 9 s admirable a mann]1 ha?   
made ,man2 _c b "k be/1 ,:at 8 true     
,pr9ciples & ,faculties are2 & :at      

,actions are mo/ agreeable !reunto3 &1 t
 hav+ adorn$ him ) su* ,beaute\s &      
,lovely ones2 x is impossible1 ,he %\ld 
ev] put him ^u ! ,ex]cise ( ^?          
,faculties1 9 any way ,de=m$ &          
,unlovely4 ,t ,he %\ld d all ?+s1 s well
 ,himself2 & yet require 8 ,creatures1  
to d o!rwise1 is unconceivable4  #d4 4  
,& z we may come1 h]eby1 to rectifie our
 ,appreh5sion ( ,8 ,laws2 s also1 ( ,8  
,mi/]ies4 ,= !re are _m ,?+s1 ( ! ,mann]
 ( ^: ,exi/5ce1 we h no c]ta9 ,k4 ,yet1 
( _! ,exi/5ce1 we are z sure1 z our     
,s5ses c make u4 ,b1 we may z well d5y1 
:at ,god ha? ,made1 ,to be2 z1 :at he   
ha? ,spok51 ,to be true1 because we     
und]/& n h[4 ,& ! k ( ,?+s be+ gradually
 atta9$1 we h occasion to reflect1 ,t "s
 ,?+s1 we c n[ well conceive1 :i* we    
once ?\ght un9telligible4 ,i "k1 !re=e1 
:at ,i und]/& n2 b1 ,i "k n1 :at is     
un9telligible3 :at ,i "k n n[1 ,i may   
h]eaft]2 or if n ,i1 ano!r2 or if no    
,man1 or o!r ,creature1 x is suffici5t1 
,t ,god fully und]/&e? ,himself4 ,x is  

n1 !re=e1 ! ,k ( ,nature1 b !y are !    
wanton phansies ( ,m5s m9ds1 t dispose  
!m1 ei!r to ,=get ,god1 or to ,?9k      
unduly ( ,him4  #e4 4 ,nor h we reason  
to fe> go+ too f>1 9 ! ,/udy ( ,nature2 
m1 ?an ! entr+ into x3 ,because1 ! high]
 we rise 9 ! true ,kn[l$g & due         
,contemplation ( ,?is2 ! ne>] we come to
 ! ,div9e ,au?or h]e(4 ,or to ?9k1 t !re
 is any ,contradiction1 :5 ,philosophy  
tea*es t to be done by ,nature2 :i*     
,religion1 & ! ,sacr$ ,scriptures1 tea* 
u to be done by ,god3 no m1 ?an to say1 
,t ! ,ballance ( a ,wat* is mov$ by !   
next ,:eel2 is to d5y t ,:eel1 & ! re/1 
to be mov$ by ! ,spr+2 & t bo? ! ,spr+1 
& all ! o!r ,p>ts1 are caus$ to move    
toge!r by ! ,mak] ( !m4 ,s ,god may be  
truly ! ,cause ( ,?is ,effect1 al?\gh a 
,?\s& o!r ,causes %\ld be suppos$ to    
int]v5e3 ,= all ,nature is z "o ,great  
,eng9e1 made by1 & held 9 ,8 ,h&4 ,& z x
 is ! ,wat*-mak]s ,art1 t ! ,h& moves   
regul>ly1 f h\r to h\r1 al?\gh he put n 
8 ,f+] /ill to x3 ,s is x !             

,demon/ration ( ,div9e ,wisdome1 t !    
,p>ts ( ,nature are s h>moni\sly        
contriv$ & set toge!r2 z to conspire to 
all k9d ( ,natural ,motions & ,effects1 
)\t ! ,extraord9>y & ,imm$iate ,influ5ce
 ( ! ,au?or ( x4  #f4 4 ,!re=e1 z !     
,orig9al ,be+ ( all ,?+s1 is ! mo/ prop]
 ,demon/ration ( ,gods ,p[]3 ,s !       
successive ,g5]ations1 & ,op]ations (   
,?+s are ! mo/ prop] ,demon/ration ( 8  
,wisdom4 ,= if we %\ld suppose1t ,god   
did n[ make1 or d any ,?+1 by any ,?+2  
!n1 no ,effect w\ld be produc$ by a     
,natural ,cause3 & consequ5tly1 ,he w\ld
 /ill be ^u ! ,"w ( ,creation3 :i* yet  
,sacr$ ,scripture assure? u1 ,he re/e?  
f4 ,& we might exspect ! ,=mation ( a   
,*ild1 9 an ,egg1 z well z 9 a ,womb2 or
 ( a ,*ick51 out ( a ,/one1 z an ,egg3  
,& all ,sorts ( ,animals1 z well z      
,plants1 might propagate _! ,species1   
)\t ,coition3 & ! l4 ,= ,inf9ite ,p[]1  
ne$e? n make any diff]5ce 9 ! ,?+s x    
und]takes to manage4 ,b 9 t1 ^! ,?+s are
 n only made1 b s made1 t is1 accord+ to

 su* c]ta9 ,natural ,laws1 z to produce 
_! ,natural ,effects2 "h is ! ,s5sible &
 ,illu/ri\s ,evid5ce ( 8 ,wisdom4 ,:]e=e
 z ! ,wisdom ( ,gov]nm5t1 is n se51 by !
 ,k+ 8 int]pos+ ,himself 9 e ,case2 b 9 
! contrivance ( ! ,laws1 & ,con/itution 
( ,m9i/]s 9 su* sort1 t x %all be z     
effectually det]m9'd1 z if he did s     
inde$3 ,s ! m complicat$ & va/ly        
,num]\s1 we all[ ! ,natural ,causes (   
,?+s to be2 ! m duely we conceive ( t   
,wisdom1 :i* ?us dispose? ( !m all1 to  
_! sev]al ,effects3 ,all ,?+s be+ ?us1 z
 ,m9i/]s 9 ! ,h&s ( ,god1 conspir+      
toge!r a ,?\s& ,ways1 t[>ds a ,?\s&     
,effects & ,ends1 at "o "t2 & t ) ! same
 c]ta9ty1 z if he did prepose to ea*1 ! 
same ,omnipot5t ,fiat1 :i* he us$ at !  
,creation ( ! ,_w4   #g4 4 ,,?is        
,univ]sal ,mon>*y1 z x is em95tly       
,visible 9 all o!r ,p>ticul>            
,oeconomies2 s is x1 no less1 9 t (     
,vegetables4 ,inf9ite ,occurr5ces1 &    
secret ,intrigues1 'tis made up (2 ( :i*
 we _c skill1 b by ! help ( manifold    

,means2 & ^?1 9 ! =ego+ ,idea1 h be5    
lately propos$4  ,! ,div9e ,wisdom se5 9
 ! ,gr[? ( ,plants2 if we obs]ve1 ,:]e91
 al?\gh "s ,exp]im5ts h be5 briefly     
t\*'d3 yet t :i* ,i h hi!rto *iefly     
prosecut$1 ha? be5 ! ,anatomical ,"p2 & 
t n ?r\ghly nei!r4 ,not)/&+1 s f> z     
,obs]vations already made w conduct u1  
,i %all endeav\r to g4 ,& if1 = ! bett] 
cle>+ ( ! way1 ,i h int]mix$ "s         
,conjectures2 ,i ?9k !y are n me]ly su*1
 b = :i* ,i h layd d[n "s ,gr\nds1 & (  
:i*1 ! ,s]ies also ( ! foll[+ ,disc\rse1
 may be "s fur!r pro(4    ,fir/1 ,h[ !  
,gr\nd is prep>$4  #h4 4 ,,let ,,u say  
!n1 t ! ,root ( a ,plant be+ lodg$ 9 "s 
,soil1 = its m conv5i5t gr[?2 'tis      
necess>y ! ,soil %\ld be duly prep>$ =  
x4 ,! ,ra91 !re=e1 fall+ & soak+ into ! 
,soyl1 some:at dilute? ! ,dissoluble    
,pr9ciples !re9 conta9$2 & r5d]s !m m   
easily communicable to ! ,root3 ,be+ z a
 ,m5/ruum1 :i* extracte? ^? ,pr9ciples1 
f ! o!r great] & useless "p ( ! ,soil4  
#i4 4 ,& ! w>m ,sun1 joyn$ ) ! dilut+   

,ra91 by bo?1 z x 7 a ,dige/ion ( !     
,soil1 or a g5tile ,f]m5tation among/   
its sev]al ,p>ts1 w foll[3 :]eby !      
,dissoluble ,p>ts !re91 w rot & mell[3 t
 is1 ^? ,pr9ciples :i* z yet rema9$ m   
fix$1 w n[ be fur!r resolv$ & unlock$1 &
 m copi\sly & equally spread !mselves   
?r\gh ! ,body ( ! ,soil4  #aj4 4 ,^!    
,pr9ciples1 be+ ) ! gr[? ( ,plants      
cont9ually exhau/$1 & ne$+ a repair2 !  
successions1 !re=e1 ( ,wet1 ,w9d1 & o!r 
,wea!r1 beat d[n & rot ! ,leaves & o!r  
,p>ts ( ,plants4 ,:]eby ^! 7z ,we$s :i* 
are wont to be buri$ "u gr\nd7 become a 
natural ,manure1 & ,re-impregnate !     
,soil3 ,be+ ?us1 9 "p1 out ( _! own     
,resolv$ ,pr9ciples1 annually ,comp\nd$ 
aga94  #aa4 4 ,_m ( ^! ,pr9ciples1 ^u _!
 ,resolution1 be+ by ! ,sun m att5uat$ &
 volatiliz$2 cont9ually asc5d into !    
,a]1 & are mix$ !re)4 ,:]e1 al?\gh !y   
lose n _! ,vegetable ,nature1 yet be+   
among/ o!r pur] ,pr9ciples2 !mselves    
also1 deposit+ _! ,e>?y fecul5cies1     
become m subtile1 simple & ,ess5tial    

,bodies4  #ab4 4 ,& ! ,a] be+ ( an      
,ela/ick or ,spr+y ,nature1 press+1 m or
 less1 ^u all ,bodies2 x !reby =ce? &   
ins9uate? x self into ! ,soil1 ?r\gh all
 its p]meable ,pores4 ,^u its own       
entrance1 x c>ries also _m ( ! said     
,vegetable & ,ess5tial ,pr9ciples along 
) x2 :i*1 toge!r ) ! re/1 are spread all
 ov] ! ,body ( ! ,soil4 ,by :i* means1  
?\gh a less ,vehem5t1 yet m ,subtil     
,f]m5tation1 & ) ! lea/ advantage (     
w>m?1 cont9uable1 w be effect$4  #ac4 4 
,! ,pr9ciples be+ ?us f>!r resolv$ &    
subtiliz$1 w\ld pres5tly exhale away1 if
 ! ,ra91 aga91 did n prev5t4 ,:i*1      
!re=e1 fall+ ^u & soak+ ?r\gh ! ,gr\nd1 
is z a fre% ,m5/ruum1 saturate or       
impregnate ) _m ( !m4 ,& z x /ill s9ke? 
l[]1 x c>ries !m along ) x self1 f !    
,sup]ficial1 to ! ,deep] p>ts ( !       
,gr\nd3 ?us1 n only matur+ ^? p>ts also1
 :i*1 o!rwise1 w\ld be m lean & cold2 b 
!re9 likewise1 lay+ up & secur+ a ,/ore1
 m gradually & ?riftily to be be/[$ ^u !
 ,upp] p>ts aga91 z !y ne$4  #ad4 4 ,&  

,autumn hav+ laid up ! ,/ore1 ,w9t]     
foll[+ !reupon1 do?1 z x 71 lock ! doors
 ^u x4 ,9 :i* "t1 "s w>m] ,int]vals1    
s]ve fur!r & gradually to mature ! /or$ 
,pr9ciples1 )\t haz>d ( _! be+ ,exhal$4 
,& ! ,spr+ return+1 sets ! doors op5    
aga91 ) w>m] & m con/ant ,sun1 ) g5tle &
 frequ5t ,ra91 fully resolves ! said    
,pr9ciples2 & s furni%e? a pl5tiful     
,diet1 = all k9ds ( ,vegetables3 be+ a  
,composition ( ,wat] *iefly1 :]e9 are   
resolv$1 "s portions ( ,e>?1 ,salt1     
,acid1 ,oyl1 ,_s1 & ,a]2 or o!r ,bodies 
( ,aff9ity h]e)4    ,!n1 ,h[ ! ,sap is  
imbib'd1 & di/ribut$ to ! sev]al ,p>ts4 
#ae4 4 ,,! ,,root /&+ 9 ! ,gr\nd ?us    
prep>$1& be+ always surr\nd$ ) a ,b>que1
 :i* consi/e? *iefly ( a ,p>5*ym\s &    
,spongy ,body2#c x w ?us1 z ,sponges d1 
naturally suck up ! watry p>ts ( ! ,soil
 impregnate ) ! said ,pr9ciples4 ,:i*   
,pr9ciples not)/&+1 be+ 9 proportion ) !
 watry p>ts1 b few1 & also m            
,ess5tial2#d !re=e 9 ?is ,p>5*ym\s ,"p1 
are !y nev] mu* discov]$1 ei!r by       

,col\r1 ,ta/e1 or ,smell4 ,z x is       
probable1 t "s di/ill$ ,wat]s1 :i*      
discov] no?+1 to ,s5se1 ( ! ,plants f   
:i* !y are di/ill$1 may yet1 9 "p1 reta9
 _! ,faculties4 ,& x is kn[n1 t _m      
,bodies2 z ,crocus ,metallorum1 convey  
_m ( _! p>ts into ! ,m5/ruum1 )\t any   
s5sible alt]ation !re(4 ,s ,fro/ & ,sn[ 
h nei!r ,ta/e nor ,smell2 yet f _!      
,figures1 'tis evid5t1 t !re are div]s  
k9ds ( ,sal9e ,pr9ciples incorporat$ )  
!m2 or at lea/1 su* ,pr9ciples z are    
common to !m & div]s k9ds ( ,salts4     
#c ,p4 #a4 c4 #c4 4 #c4       #d 4 #aa1 
#ab4  #af4 4 ,! entrance ( ?is          
,impregnate ,wat] or ,sap is n )\t      
diff]5ce1 b by ! ,regulation ( ! int]v5+
 ,sk92 be+ !reby /ra9$ & r5dr$ m pure3 !
 ,sk91 accord+ to ! ?ickness#e or       
clos5ess !re(1 becom+ sometimes only z a
 br[n pap]1 sometimes z a ,cotton1 &    
sometimes z a ,bag ( ,lea!r to !        
transi5t ,sap1 z ! nature ( x do?       
require4 ,by :i* x is also mod]at$1 le/ 
! ,b>que1 be+ spongy1 %\ld suck x up too

 fa/1 & s ! ,root %\ld be1 z x 71       
sur*>g$ by a ,ple?ora4 ,& div]s ( !     
,succif]\s ,vessels be+ mix$ h]e)#f &   
ly+ next ! ,soil1 usually m or less     
mortifi$1 & s _! ,pr9ciples some:at     
resolv$2 ! ,sap is h]eby bett] specifi$1
 & fur!r t9ctur$2 su* p>ts ( ! ,sap be/ 
entr+1 z are mo/ agreeable to ^?        
,pr9ciples2 :i* ! ,sap also c>ries (f1 9
 "s "p1 z x passe? into ! ,b>que4       
#e ,p4 #a4 c4 #b4 4 #a4       #f ,p4 #a4
 c4 #b4 4 #d4  #ag4 4 ,! ,sap ?us /ra9$1
 ?\gh x be pure1 & consi/e? ( ,ess5tial 
p>ts2 yet be+ comp\nd$ ( het]og5e\s     
ones2 & receiv$ into ! ,p>5*yma ( !     
,b>que a laxe & spongy ,body1 !y w n[   
easily & mildly f]m5t4 ,:]eby !y w be   
yet fur!r prep>$1 & s m easily ins9uate 
!mselves into all ! ,bladd]s ( ! said   
,p>5*yma2 swell+ & dilat+ x z f> z !    
,cont9uity ( its p>ts w be>4 ,:]eupon1  
p>tly f ! cont9u$ entrance ( fre% ,sap1 
& p>tly by a ,motion or ,pressure (     
,re/itution 9 ! swoll5 & ,t5s$ ,bladd]s 
( ! ,p>5*yma1 ! ,sap is =c$ !nce into ! 

o!r p>ts ( ! ,root4  #ah4 4 ,& because !
 ,p>5*yma is 9 no place op5ly & ,visibly
 ,p]vi\s1 b is e :]e compos$ ( an       
,inf9ite ,numb] ( small ,bladd]s#g2 !   
,sap1 !re=e1 is n only f]m5t$ !re91 &   
fitt$ = ,sep>ation2 b1 z x passe? ?r\gh 
x1 is e "p ( x1 /ra9$ an ,hundr$ times  
ov]1 f ,bladd] to ,bladd]4       #g ,p4 
#a4 c4 #c4 4 #d4  #ai4 4 ,! ,sap ?us    
f]m5t$1 & /ra9$1 is di/ribut$ to ! o!r  
,organical ,p>ts1 accord+ z ! sev]al    
,pr9ciples ( ,?is1 are agreeable to ^?  
:]e( ! said ,organical ,p>ts consi/4 ,z 
! ,sap !re=e passe? f ,bladd] to        
,bladd]1 su* ,pr9ciples z are agreeable 
to ^? ( ! ,fibres ( ! said ,bladd]s1 w  
adh]e to1 & ins9uate !mselves into !    
,body ( ! ,fibres2 sc4 ,watry *iefly1   
next ,acid1 !n spiritu\s1 ,e>?y1 ,a]y1 &
 ,ole\s4#h       #h ,idea1 4 #ej1 #eb4  
#bj4 4 ,& ! ,sap by its cont9ual appulse
 & p]colation1 z x leave? "s p>ts ^u !  
said ,fibres2 s z x is squeez$ betwixt  
!m f ,bladd] to ,bladd]1 x licks &      
c>ries (f "s o!rs f !m1 9 "s union      

toge!r ) x2 & s is ,impregnate h]e)3 z  
,wat]1 by pass+ ?r\gh a ,m9]al ,ve91    
becomes t9ctur$ ) t ,m9]al4  #ba4 4 ,!  
,sap ?us ,impregnate ) "s unit$         
,pr9ciples ( ! ,p>5*ym\s ,fibres1 passe?
 on to ! ,lign\s ,vessels1 :]e9to _!    
correspond5t ,pr9ciples also ent]2 sc4  
,watry1 ,sal9e1 ,ole\s & ,e>?y *iefly4#i
 ,& because ! ,p>5*ym\s ,pr9ciples mix$ 
) !m1 are 9 "s degree unit$1 & s m ready
 to fix2 "s ( ^! !re=e w likewise ent]  
into ! said ,vessels4 ,:]eupon1 !       
,alkali oleosum ( ! "o1 & ! ,acidum     
spirituosum ( ! o!r1 meet+ toge!r2 ,^!1 
) ! o!r ,pr9ciples1 all conc5tre1 & (   
div]s fluids1 become "o fix$ ,body1 &   
are gradually agglut9at$ to ! ,vessels2 
t is1 ,! ,vessels are n[ n\ri%$4        
#i ,idea1 4 #ea1 #eb4  #bb4 4 ,! supply 
( ! ,sap /ill cont9u$1 ! ,pr9ciples !re(
 w n only ent] into ! ,body ( ^! ,p>ts1 
b also _! ,concaves4 ,& ! ,p>5*ym\s     
,fibres be+ wrapp$ ab\t ! ,vessels1#aj z
 (t5 z ! said ,fibres are m turgid ) _! 
own conta9$ ,fluid1 !y w !reby be       

some:at %ortn$1 or contract 9 l5g?2 & s 
mu/ ne$s b9d ^u ! ,vessels1 & !reby1 z x
 71 squeeze "s "p ( ! ,fluid1 conta9$   
bo? )9 !mselves & ! ,vessels1 back aga9 
into ! ,bladd]s4       #aj ,p4 #a4 c4   
#e4 4 #ab4  #bc4 4 ,& ! ,sap h]e91 be+  
?us t9ctur$ ) "s ( ! unit$ ,pr9ciples ( 
! ,vessels1 div]s ( !m w n[ also        
ins9uate !mselves into ! ,p>5*ym\s      
,fibres1 & be incorporat$ ) !m3 ,:]eby1 
! said ,fibres1 :i* be=e 7 only relax$ &
 dilat$1 are n[ also n\ri%$1 & n till   
n[4 ,"s portion ( ! unit$ ,pr9ciples bo?
 ( ! ,p>5*ym\s & ,lign\s ,p>ts1 be+     
necess>y to ! true nutrition ( ,ea*3 ,z 
! ,confusion & joynt assi/ance ( bo? !  
,art]i\s & ,n]v\s ,fluids1 is to !      
n\ri%m5t or coagulation ( ! ,p>ts 9     
,animals4  #bd4 4 ,"s portion ( ! ,sap  
?us d\bly t9ctur$1 is at ! same "t      
transmitt$ to1 & ent]s ! ,body ( !      
,a]-,vessels2 consi/+ *iefly ( ,wat]1   
,a]1 & ,acid2 &1 9 l mann]1 z 9 ! o!r   
,p>ts is h]e9 agglut9at$4 ,& ! appulse &
 pressure ( ! ,sap /ill cont9u$1 "s     

portion h]e( is also traject$ into !    
,concaves ( ! said ,vessels2 exi/+ !re9 
z a mo/ ,comp\nd$ ,fluid2 p>tak+1 m or  
less1 bo? ( ! ,pr9ciples & ,t9ctures ( !
 o!r ,organical ,p>ts1 & ( !            
,a]-,vessels !mselves2 be+ z x 71 a     
,mix$ ,resolution f !m all4  #be4 4 ,& !
 ,p>5*ym\s ,fibres be+ wrapp$ ab\t ,^!1 
z ab\t ! o!r ,vessels1#aa &1 9 l mann]1 
b9d+ ^u !m2 !y ?us frequ5tly squeeze "p 
( ! said conta9$ ,fluid out aga93 ,z    
necess>y1 ?\gh n to ! imm$iate ,n\ri%m5t
 ( ! ,p>ts1 yet ! due ,qualification ( !
 ,sap2 be+ a ,con/ant ,a]ial ,f]m5t1    
successively /or$ up )9 ! ,a]-,vessels1 
& !nce transfus$ to ! ,sap1 9 ! o!r     
,organical ,p>ts4       #aa ,p4 #a4 c4  
#e4 4 #ab4  #bf4 4 ,& t !re may be a    
bett] ,transition ( ! ,sap ?us t9ctur$1 
to ! sev]al ,organical ,p>ts2 !re=e1    
none ( !m are close set & compact )9    
!mselves1 sev]ally3 ,= s1 !y w\ld be    
inaccessible to ! ,sap1 & _! inw>d      
,portions1 want+ a due supply ( ,alim5t1
 w\ld be />v$4 ,b ! ,vessels1 bo? ( ,a] 

& ,sap1 be+ e :]e divid$ into ,brac$    
,portions1 & o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,portions1   
fill+ up ! spaces e :]e betwixt !m#ab2  
!re is !re=e a free & copi\s            
communication ( ! ,sap1 7& s ( all !    
,t9ctures successively transfus$ into x7
 f ,"p to ,"p1 & to e ,portion ( e ,"p3 
,! ,p>5*ym\s ,portions1 runn+ betwixt ! 
,braces1 z ! small] ,vessels d ?r\gh\t !
 ,visc]a1 9 ,animals4 ,:]eby1 none ( !m 
want t ,matt]1 :i* is necess>y ei!r = _!
 ,nutrition1 or = ! good ,e/ate ( _!    
,cont5ts1 or = ! due p]iod ( _! ,gr[?4  
#ab ,p4 #a4 c4 #c4 4 #ac4  c4 #d4 4 #d1 
#e1 #g4  #bg4 4 ,= ! bett] ,temp]+ ( !  
sev]al p>ts ( ! ,sap1 s]ve ! ,diametral 
,portions ( ! ,p>5*ym\s ,body :i* run   
sometimes directly ?r\gh ! ,b>que1 z 9  
,lovage1 ,p>sley1 c4 is describ$ &      
figur'd#ac ,:i* be+1 all or mo/ ( !m1   
cont9u$ betwixt bo? ! ,succif]\s & !    
,a]-,vessels1 f ! ,circumf]5ce to !     
,c5tre2 !y h]eby c>ry (f a m ,copi\s &  
,a]ial ,f]m5t f ! ,"o1 & communicate x  
unto ! ,o!r4 ,= z ! ,sap ent]s ! ,b>que1

 ! m liquid "p1 /ill passe? into !      
succul5t ,portions !re(2 ! m ,a]y1 is   
sep>at$ into ^? ,:ite & ,dry] ,diametral
 ones2 & 9 its passage betwixt !        
,portions ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 is all along
 communicat$ to !m4 ,yet is x n a pure  
or simple ,a]1 b su* z c>ries a ,t9cture
 ) x1 f ! ,succif]\s ,vessels4 ,& !re=e 
x is obs]vable1 ,t :5 ! ,diametral      
,portions are m di/ant1 ! ,sap-,vessels 
run n 9 a ,/raight ,l9e betwixt !m1 b   
are ,reciprocally s incl9$1 z to t\* ^u 
!m2 z 9 ,lovage is visible3 ,!reby      
communicat+ _! ,t9cture to ! ,a]1 z x   
passe? by !m1 ?r\gh ! said ,diametral   
,portions4       #ac ,p4 #a4 c4 #c4 4   
#g1 #h4  #bh4 4 ,by ! cont9ual appulse (
 fre% ,sap1 "s1 bo? ( ! a]y1 & ( all !  
o!r p>ts !re( are transmitt$ into !     
,pi?2 :]e1 f9d+ m room1 x w yet m k9dly 
be dige/$4 ,especially hav+ ! advantage 
h]e9 ( "s degree ( ,w>m?2 be+ h]e9      
remot] f ! ,soil1 &1 z x 71 ,tunn'd up  
)9 ! ,wood1 or ! ,mass ( surr\nd+       
,vessels4 ,s t ! ,pi? is a ,repository (

 bett] ,alim5t gradually suppli$ to ^?  
,succif]\s ,vessels1 :i* are frequ5tly  
scatt]$ up & d[n !re91 & :i* asc5d into 
! ,trunk4#ad ,b :]e no succif]\s        
,vessels are mix$1 h]e)1 x usually      
becomes ,dry]1 & is repl5i%$ ) a m      
,a]ial & ,w>m] ,sap2 :]eby ! gr[? ( !   
,caulis is promot$1 z by an ,hot ,b$ set
 j "u x4 ,& 9 _m ,plants ) div]s knobb$ 
,roots1 ! y\ng] are m succul5t1 s]v+    
*iefly to fe$ ! ,/alk3 ! ,eld] are      
spongy & fill'd ) ,a]1 = ! f]m5t+ ( !   
,sap1 & m e>ly gr[? ( ! ,/alk3 z 9      
little ,cel&9e1 ,dog/ones & all ( t     
,k9dr$4 ,& ?us all ! ,p>ts h a fit      
,alim5t provid$ = _! ,n\ri%m5t4         
#ad ,p4 #a4 c4 #e4 4 #c4    ,h[ ! sev]al
 ,p>ts are ,n\ri%'d & ,=m'd4  #bi4 4 ,,9
 ,,?is ,n\ri%m5t1 ! ,pr9ciples ( ! ,sap 
are1 z is said1 conc5tr$ & lock$ up "o  
)9 ano!r3#ae ,:5ce x is1 t ! ,organical 
,p>ts1 be+ cleans$ ( _! ,cont5ts1 h none
 ( !m any ,ta/e or ,smell1 z 9 ! ,pi?s (
 ,plants1 ,pap] & ,l95 ,clo? is         
evid5t4#af ,because till by ,dige/ion1  

viol5t ,de/illation1 or "s o!r way1 !y  
are resolv$1 !y _c act ^u ! ,organs ( ^?
 ,s5ses4 ,= ! same reason1 !y are nev]  
t9ctur$1 except+ by _! ,cont5ts3 &      
al?\gh1 to ! b>e ,eye1 !y frequ5tly %ew 
,:ite1 yet view$ ?r\gh a ,microscope1 !y
 all appe> transp>5t4 ,9 l mann]1 z !   
,s]um ( ,blood1 ,:ites ( ,eggs1 ,t5dons1
 ,hairs & ,horns !mselves are transp>5t1
 & )\t mu* ,smell or ,ta/e1 _!          
,pr9ciples be+1 9 all ( !m1 m or less   
conc5tr$3 ,b :5 ev] ^! ,pr9ciples1 are  
=cibly resolv$1 !y are ev] v>i\sly      
inve/$ ) all ^? ,qualities4       #ae 4 
#ba4       #af ,idea1 4 #di1 #ea4  #cj4 
4 ,& z f ! ,conc5tration ( ! ,pr9ciples1
 9 e ,organical ,"p1 ! said ,p>ts d ?us 
f>1 all agree3 ,s1 f ! ,pr$om9ion ( !   
,pr9ciples ( ea* ,"p1 ! re/ are         
contr\l$1 n only to a ,conc5tration1 b  
an ,assimilation also2 :]eby1 !         
,specifick ,diff]5ces1 ( ! sev]al       
,organical ,p>ts1 are pres]v$4 ,h5ce !  
succif]\s ,vessels are always ,t\gh & v 
,pliable2 = s are all ,b>ques1 :]e9 ^!  

,vessels ab\nd2 s is a ,h&ful ( ,flax1  
:i* is no?+ else b a heap ( ! succif]\s 
,vessels 9 ! ,b>que ( t ,plant4 ,=      
besides ,wat]1 & ,e>?1 an ,alkal9e ,salt
 & ,oyl are1 z is said1 ! pr$om9ant     
,pr9ciples ( ^! ,vessels4#ag ,x is !n ! 
,oyl1 *iefly1 by :i* ^! ,vessels are    
,t\gh3 = be+ ( a t5aci\s ,nature1 by    
tak+ hold ( o!r ,pr9ciples1 x m>ries !m 
toge!r2 & ! ,alkal9e ,salt & ,e>?1      
conc5tr$ ) x1 adde? to x m ,/r5g?4 ,h5ce
 ! ,caput ,mortuum ( mo/ ,bodies1       
especially ^? t ab\nd ) ,oyl & a ,sal   
,alkali1 is brittle & friable2 ^?       
,pr9ciples1 :i* 7 ! ,ligam5ts ( ! re/1  
be+ =c$ away f !m4 ,f ! same ,cause1 !  
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( a ,root1 ev5 9 _!     
,natural ,/ate1 are brittle & friable2  
sc4 ,because _! ,e>?y1 & especially     
,ole\s & ,sal9e ,pr9ciples are1 z is    
said1#ah s v few4 ,!re=e all ,pi?s & m  
simple ,p>5*yma's1 break %ort1 s ,corn1 
& ! ,roots ( ,potato's1 & div]s o!r     
,plants1 be+ dry$1 w easily be rub'd to 
,meal2 & _m ,apples1 aft] ,fro/s1 eat   

mealy2 ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( all :i*1 are 
n only by ,analogy1 b 9 ,sub/ance or    
,ess5ce1 ! self same ,body4#ai       #ag
 4 #ba4       #ah 4 #ai4       #ai ,lib4
 #a4 c4 #g4 4 #ad4  #ca4 4 ,& z !       
,consi/5ce ( ! sev]al ,organical ,p>ts1 
is dep5d5t on _! ,pr9ciples2 s are _!   
,figures4 ,& fir/1 ! ,succif]\s         
,vessels1 f _! ,alkal9e ,salt1#bj gr[ 9 
,l5g?4 ,= by t ,dim5sion1 *iefly1 ,?is  
,salt always %oots3 ,& be+ a less       
moveable ,pr9ciple ?an ! re/1 & s apt m 
spe$ily to fix or %oot3 ,x ?us ov]rules 
!m to its own ,figure4 ,& ev5 z ! ,%ape 
( a ,button dep5de? on ! ,m\ld1 ! ,silk 
& o!r ,mat]ials wr\ght ^u x1 be+ always 
con=mable !reunto3 s "h2 ! ,salt is1 z x
 71 ! ,m\ld2 ab\t :i*1 ! o!r m passive  
,pr9ciples ga!r+ !mselves1 !y all       
consort & fa%ion to x4 ,h5ce also ! same
 ,sap-,vessels are n pyramidal1 z !     
,ve9s ( ,animals2 b ( an equal bore1 f  
end to end2 ! %oot+s ( ! said ,salt1 be+
 also figur$ m agreeably to t ,dim5sion4
 ,& z by ! ,sal9e ,pr9ciple1 ^! ,vessels

 are ,long2 s by ! ,ole\s1#ba !y are e  
:]e ,r\nd1 or prop]ly ,cyl9drical2 )\t  
"s joynt ,efficacy ( :i* ,pr9ciple1 !   
said ,vessels w\ld be ,flat1 or "s way  
,edg$ & ,angul>1 z all sal9e %oots1 (   
!mselves1 are2 z ^? ( ,alum1 ,vitriol1  
,sal ,ammoniac1 ,sea ,salt1 ,nitre1 c4  
,& because ! ,spiritu\s & m ,fluid "p ( 
! ,pr9ciples1 is lea/ ( all apt to fix2 
:ile !re=e1 ! o!r p>ts fix r\nd ab\t1   
,?is w rema9 moveable 9 ! ,c5tre2 f :5ce
 e ,vessel is =m$1 n into a solid1 b    
holl[ ,cyl9d]2 t is1 becomes a ,tube4   
#bj ,p4 #b4 4 #ba4       #ba ,ib4  #cb4 
4 ,! ,lactif]\s ,vessels are tubul>y1 z 
! ,lymphducts1 b ( a some:at wid]       
,concave or ,bore4 ,= be+ _! ,pr9ciples 
are less ,e>?y & ,ole\s1 & also m       
loosely ,conc5tr$2 z f _! easie         
corruption or ,resolution by ! ,a]1 x   
appe>s !y are3 !y are !re=e m t5d]1 & s 
m easily dilative1 & yield+ to ! said   
,spiritu\s "p 9 ! ,c5tre4 ,& by ?is     
means1 obta9+ a wid] ,bore1 !y are m    
adapt$ to ! free motion ( ! ,milky      

,cont5t3 :i* be+ an ,ole\s & ,?ick]     
,liquor1 ?an t 9 ! ,lymph$ucts2 & hav+  
no advantage ( pulsation1 z ! ,blood ha?
 9 ,animals2 might sometimes be apt to  
/agnate1 if ! ,vessels1 ?r\gh :i* x     
moves1 7 n some:at wid]4  #cc4 4 ,z !   
,sal9e ,pr9ciple is ! ,m\ld ( !         
,succif]\s1 s is ! ,a]ial ( !           
,a]-,vessels4#bb ,n[ ! ,p>ticles ( ,a]  
/rictly s call$1 at lea/ ( t "p ( x     
conc]n$ 9 ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 
,i suppose1 are crook$3 & t by          
composition ( _m ( ^? crook$ ones       
toge!r1 "s ( !m become ,spiral1 or ( "s 
o!r w9d+ ,figure3 & t !reupon dep5de? ! 
,ela/ick ,prop]ty ( ! ,a]1 or its be+   
capable ( ,r>efaction & ,cond5sation by 
=ce4 ,:]e=e1 ! said crook$ ,p>ticles ( !
 ,a]1 fir/ %oot+ & sett+ toge!r1 z !    
,m\ld1 ! o!r ,pr9ciple cl+ & fix        
con=mably r\nd ab\t !m4 ,s t1 z by =ce (
 ! ,sal9e ,pr9ciples1 ! re/ ( !m are    
made to %oot out 9 ,long cont9u$        
,fibres2 s by =ce ( ! ,a]ial1 ^? ,fib]s 
are /ill dispos$ into ,spiral ,l9es1 ?us

 mak+ up ! ,a]-,vessels4 ,& accord+ z   
!re are few] ( ^! ,a]ial ,p>ticles1 9   
proportion to ! ,sal9e1 ! ,concave ( !  
,a]-,vessels is v>i\sly wid]1 or !      
,fibres cont9ue _! %oot+ by wid] ,r+s2 z
 ^? t come ne>] to a "r ,l9e1 & s are m 
compliant to ! ,figure & %oot+ ( !      
,sal9e p>ts4 ,& :]eas ! ,lymph$ucts1    
%oot+ out only 9 l5g?1 are nev] s5sibly 
amplifi$ beyond _! orig9al size3 ,^!1 on
 ! contr>y1 always1 m or less1 enl>ge _!
 ,diamet]2 because _! ,fibres1 be+      
dispos$ into ,spiral ,l9es1 mu/ ne$s    
!re=e1 z !y cont9ue _! gr[?1 be /ill    
dilat$ into great] & great] ,r+s4 ,& be+
 at ! bottom ( ! ,root m remote f ! ,a]1
 & s hav+ some:at few] ,p>ticles purely 
,a]ial1 !re +r$i5t to !m1 !n at ! top2  
!y fall m "u ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,sal9e1 & s 
come ne>] to a "r ,l9e1 t is into great]
 ,circles2 & s ! ,a]-,vessels1 made up (
 ^? ,circles1 are !re g5]ally wid]4#bc  
#bb ,p4 #a4 c4 #d4 4 #bc4  ,p4 #b4 4    
#bd4       #bc ,p4 #a4 c4 #d4 4 #af4    
#cd4 4 ,by m$iation ( _! ,pr9ciples1 !  

,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts likewise ( a ,root h _! 
prop] ,contexture4 ,= f _! ,acid ,salt  
!y are ,fibr\s2 f _! ,oyl1 ! ,fibres are
 ,r\nd1 & 9 all p>ts ev5 )9 !mselves2 & 
f _! ,_s1 x is mo/ probable1 t !y are   
also holl[4 ,b because ! ,_s is1 "h1 m  
copi\s ?an ! ,a]2 & ! ,sal9e ,pr9ciple  
an ,acid1#bd & s1 m "u ! gov]nm5t ( !   
,_s1 ?an is an ,alkali2 !re=e are n !   
said ,fibres cont9u$ 9 /raight ,l9es1 z 
! ,sap-,vessels2 or by "o uni=m motion1 
into spiral l9es1 z ! ,fibres 9 !       
,a]ial2 b w9d+1 9 a circul> mann]1 to & 
fro a ?\s& ways1 agreeable to ! l       
motions ( ! ,_s1 t mo/ active1 & "h mo/ 
pr$om9ant ,pr9ciple4 ,& ! ,spiritu\s    
,p>ts be+1 z is said1 "h m copi\s &     
r$undant1 !y w n only suffice to fill up
 ! ,concaves ( ! ,fibres1 b w also ga!r 
toge!r into innum]able little spaces1   
)\t !m3 :5ce ! ,fibres _c w9d close     
toge!r1 z ,?r$1 9 a ,bottom ( ,y>n2 b   
are =c$ to keep at "s di/ance1 "o p>cel 
f ano!r1 & s are dispos$1 z ,bread is 9 
bak+1 into ,bladd]s4#be       #bd 4 #ai4

       #be ,p4 #a4 c4 #c4 4 #d4  #ce4 4 
,& ! "u ,fibres be+ set fir/1 z ! ,w>p1 
! spiritu\s p>ts next adjac5t1 w incl9e 
also to fix1 & s gov]n an ov] "w (      
,fibres1 wrapp+1 z ! ,wo(1 9 /ill small]
 ,circles r\nd ! o!r3 :]eby !y are all  
knit toge!r4#bf ,= ! same reason1 !     
,lymph$ucts1 be+ fir/ =m$1 ! ,p>5*ym\s  
,fibres set & wrap ab\t ,^! also4#bg ,& 
! ,a]-,vessels be+ =m$ 9 ! ,c5t]1 !     
succif]\s run along ^? likewise 7z      
volatile ,salts %oot along ! sides ( a  
,glass1 or ,fro/ ^u a ,w9d[7 & s are1 z 
x 71 ,incru/ate ab\t !m 9 a ,r+4        
#bf ,p4 #a4 c4 #e4 4 #i4       #bg ,p4  
#a4 c4 #e4 4 #ab4    ,h[ ! sev]al ,p>ts 
come to be ,situate or ,dispos'd4  #cf4 
4 ,,"s ,,( ,,! m !rial & ,subtile p>ts (
 ! ,a]1 z !y /ream ?r\gh ! ,root1 x %\ld
 seem1 by a c]ta9 ,magnitisme1 d        
gradually dispose ! ,a]-,vessels1 :]e   
!re are any /ore ( !m1 into ,rays4 ,?is 
,attraction 7z ,i take leave to call x7 
or ,magnetick p[] betwixt ! ,a] & ^!    
,vessels1 may be argu$1 ,f ! nature ( ! 

,pr9ciples common to !m bo?3 ,f !       
,electral nature ( div]s o!r ,bodies2 ! 
,load-/one be+ n ! only "o :i* is       
attractive3 ,& f o!r ,effects1 bo?      
be=e#bh & h]eaft] m5tion$4 ,:]e=e 9 !   
inf]i\r p>ts ( ! ,root1 !y are less     
,regul>2#bi because m remote f ! ,a]4 ,&
 9 ! upp] p>ts ( _m ,roots1 z ,cumf]y1  
,borage1 ,p>snep1 :]e ^? t are next !   
,c5tre are confus$1 or diff]5tly        
dispos$2  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 #i4  ^? next !  
,b>que1 & s ne>] ! ,a]1 are po/ur$ m    
,regul>ly1 & usually into ,rays4 ,= !   
same reason x may be2 t ev5 !           
,sap-,vessels 9 ! ,b>que1 z (t5 z ! ,a] 
,vessels are m num]\s1 are usually      
dispos$ into ,rays1 z foll[+ ! direction
 ( ! ,a]-,vessels4 ,& t ! ,p>5*yma ( !  
,b>que1 is dispos$ into ,diametral      
,portions3 & t :]e ! ,a] ,vessels are   
few] or small]1 ^! ,portions are        
likewise small] or none2  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 
#i41 c4  z 9 ,*]vil1 ,asp>agus1         
,d&elion1 ,orp9e1 ,bi/ort1              
,horse-,radi%1 ,potato's1 c4       #bh  

,lib4 #a4 c4 #b4 4 #be4  c4 #d4 ,app5d4 
4 #b1 #c4       #bi ,p4 #a4 c4 #d4 4    
#aj4  #cg4 4 ,! said !rial p>ts ( ! ,a]1
 h a ,p[] ov] ! ,a]-,vessels n only ?us 
to ,dispose !m2 b also to ,sollicite &  
spread !m abroad f ! ,c5t] t[>ds !      
,circumf]5ce ( ! ,root4 ,by :i* means1  
^? ,roots :i* h no ,pi? 9 _! l[] p>ts1  
obta9 "o 9 _! upp]4#cj ,& ! same ,pi?1  
:i* 9 ! l[] "p1 is ratably1 small1 9 !  
upp]1 is m or less enl>g$4#ca       #cj 
,p4 #a4 c4 #e4 4 #a4       #ca ,ib4 4   
#d4  #ch4 4 ,! ,spread+ ( ^! ,vessels is
 v>i$1 n only accord+ to ! ,=ce ! ,a]   
ha? ^u !m1 b also _! own great] or less 
,aptitude to yield !reto4 ,z (t5 !re=e1 
z !y are ,sl5d]]1 !y w also be m        
,pliable & recessive f ! ,c5tre1 t[>ds !
 ,circumf]5ce4 ,h5ce1 9 su* ,roots :]e  
!y are small1 !y /& m di/ant2  ,tab4 #b1
  #f4  z 9 ,turnep1 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1
 ,potato's1 & o!rs2 & s _! ,braces are  
few]3 & 9 ! same ,root1 :]e !y are      
small]1 _! di/ance is great]4 ,besides1 
9 ^! small] ,a]-,vessels1 ! ,r+s be+    

less1 & ! ,spiral ,fibres :]e( !y are   
made1 cont9u+ to %oot2 ! said ,r+s      
!re=e1 mu/ ne$s be s _m m1 z !y are     
small]2 & s take up m space by ! l5g? ( 
! ,root2 & s1 n be+ capable ( be+ cr[d$ 
9 a "r l9e1 e ,vessel w be =c$ to rec$e 
to a crook$ or b[$ "o4  #ci4 4 ,! ,sap  
,vessels1 be+ by ! ,p>5*ym\s ,fibres    
knit to ^!1 w likewise comply ) ,_!     
motion1 & spread abroad ) !m4 ,yet be+  
/ill small]#cb & m pliable ?an !        
,a]-,vessels1 & s m yield+ to !         
int]curr5t ,fibres ( ! ,p>5*yma1 _!     
brac$ ,?r$s w1 sometimes1 be mu* m      
div>icat$1 ?an ^? ( ! ,a]-,vessels2     
,tab4 #f4  z 9 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke4 ,&  
because ! ,succif]\s ,vessels1 al?\gh !y
 are joyn$ to ! ,a]ial by ! ,p>5*ym\s   
,fibres1#cc yet are n cont9u\s ) !m2    
nei!r fall "u ! l ,attractive ,p[] ( !  
,a]1 z ! ,a]ial d2 ! ,a]ial !re=e1 ^u _!
 spread+1 d n always c>ry all !         
,succif]\s along ) !m2 b (t51 if n      
always1 leave _m ( !m beh9d !m spr9kl$  
up & d[n ! ,pi?2  ,tab4 #f4  z 9        

,p>sley1 ,c>rot1 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1   
,turnep1 c4 may be se54       #cb ,p4   
#a4 c4 #c4 4 #af4       #cc ,p4 #a4 c4  
#e4 4 #ab4  #dj4 4 ,! spread+ ( !       
,a]-,vessels /ill cont9u$1 sev]al ( !m1 
at l5g?1 break =? beyond ! circumf]5ce (
 ! ,root2 & s are di/ribut$1 ei!r 9 !   
l[] p>ts1 into ,bran*es & ,/r+s2 or at !
 top1 into ,leaves4 ,& le/ !y %\ld all  
spread !mselves into ,leaves1 & none be 
left = ! ,caulis2 z :]e !y are v small1 
or ! ,sap-,vessels to b\nd !m1 are b    
few1 !y might2 !re=e div]s ( !m are1    
(t5times1 m frequ5tly brac$ 9 ! ,c5tre2 
,tab4 #f4  = :i* reason1 !y _c s easily 
sep>ate & spread !mselves f !nce1 b run 
m inw>dly up into ! ,caulis1 z 9        
,borage4    ,h[ ! :ole ,root is         
diff]5tly siz$ & %ap$4  #da4 4 ,,f ,,!  
v>i\s ,sizes1 ,proportions1 &           
,dispositions ( ! ,p>ts1 ,roots are     
v>i\sly siz$1 %ap$1 mov$ & ag$4 ,^? :i*1
 by _! ,annual ,gr[?1 are l>ge2 h few]1 
bo? ,a]ial1 & ,sap-,vessels1 & a m      
copi\s ,p>5*yma4 ,s t ! ,a]-,vessels1 or

 r1 ! ,a]y ,f]m5t conta9$ 9 !m1         
volatiliz+ only a small] portion ( !    
,sap2 ! said ,sap is less capable (     
advancem5t into ! ,trunk2 & s mu/ ne$s  
rema9 & fix m copi\sly 9 ! ,root1 :i* is
 !reby m augm5t$4 ,& :]e ! ,sap-,vessels
 alone1 are b few1 ! ,root is yet1      
ratably1 some:at l>ge3 b :]e !y are     
num]\s1 x is nev] s1 z to its ,annual   
,gr[?1 9 any proportion to _! ,numb]3   
,because _! ,t9cture1 :i* is ,alkal9e1 w
 g f>!r 9 sett+ ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts3 ?an !
 ,t9cture ( ,^!1 :i* is ,acidulate1 w g1
 9 sett+ ,!m4#cd       #cd ,p4 #b4 4    
#ca4  #db4 4 ,:5 ! ,a]-,vessels are m   
pliable & sequ5t to ! ,attraction ( !   
,a]1 & s spread !mselves1 & ! ,succif]\s
 toge!r ) !m1 m abroad2 9 ! mann] z ha? 
be5 said2 ! ,root also w gr[ m 9        
,bread?2  ,tab4 #b1  #g4  ! nutrition ( 
! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 to :i* ! ,vessels are
 adjac5t1 be+ ?us1 by ! same dim5sion1 m
 augm5t$2 z 9 ,turnep1 ,j]usalem        
,arti*oke1 c4  ,tab4 #g1  #h4  ,b :]e ^!
 are n spread abroad1 ! ,root is b      

sl5d]2 z 9 ,asp>agus1 ,d&elion1 c4  #dc4
 4 ,if ! ,a]-,vessels be contract$ into1
 or ne> ! ,c5tre1 & are some:at ,l>ge or
 ,num]\s2 & ! ,succif]\s1 also m        
copi\sly mix$ )1 or surr\nd+ !m2 ! ,root
 gr[s v ,long2 z d ^? ( ,f5il1 ,v9e1    
,liquiri%1 c4  ,tab4 #b1  #ag4  ,= !    
,a]-,vessels conta9+ a m copi\s ,f]m5t1 
x w well dige/ & mature ! ,sap3 ,yet !  
,succif]\s be+ ov] proportion$ to !m2 ! 
,sap w n !re=e1 be s f> volatiliz$1 z to
 asc5d *iefly into ! ,trunk2 b only to  
subs]ve a full] ,gr[? ( _! ,vessels3 :i*
 be+ m num]\s1 & s m /urdy1 & less      
sequ5t to ! expansive motion ( ! ,a]ial2
 ?is _! own ,gr[?1 & consequ5tly1 t (   
all ! o!r ,p>ts1 _c be s mu* 9 ,bread?1 
z ,l5g?4  #dd4 4 ,:]e ! same ,a]ial     
,vessels are ,few]1 or m ,contract$1 or 
%ea!d 9 a ,?ick] & ,clos] ,b>que2  ,tab4
 #g1 #h4  ! ,root is smoo?1 & less      
,ramifi$1 z 9 ,asp>agus1 ,peony1        
,d&elion4 ,b :]e m ,num]\s1 %ea!d 9 a   
,?9n] ,b>que1 ,small]1 or m ,dilat$2 !  
,root is m ,ramifi$1 or m ,/r+y1  ,tab4 

#b1  #g4  z 9 ,columb9e1 ,cl>y1 ,beet1  
,nicotian4 ,= be+1 z is said1 by ^!     
means1 m sequ5t to ! ,attraction ( !    
,a]2 approa*+ /ill ne>] ! circumf]5ce ( 
! ,b>que1 !y at la/ /rike ?r\gh x1 into 
! ,e>?4 ,& ! ,p>5*ym\s ,fibres be+      
wrapp$ ab\t !m1 & ! ,succif]\s ,vessels 
knit to !m by ^? ,fibres2#ce !re=e !y   
nev] break =? nak$1 b always inve/$ ) "s
 quantity ( ^! ,p>ts z _! ,b>que3 :]e   
by1 :atev] ,con/itutive ,"p is 9 ! ma9  
,body ( ! ,root1 ! same is also 9 e     
,bran* or ,/r+4       #ce ,p4 #a4 c4 #e4
 4 #ab4  #de4 4 ,f ! same ,expansion &  
,pliability ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 ! ,root   
(t5times putte? =? ,root-,buds2 :i*     
gradually %oot up & become s _m ,trunks4
 ,9 ! ,=mation ( :i* ,buds1 !y are      
pliable & recessive all k9ds ( ways2 be+
 n only invit$ ,outw>d1 t[>d !          
,circumf]5ce ( ! ,root1 z 9 ,root-/r+s1 
b also spread m ,abroad e way1 s z to   
make a ,root-,bud3 ,:]e z 9 ! said      
,root-/r+s1 !y are always m ,contract$4 
,tab4 #f4  ,:i*1 9 respect ( !          

,disposition ( ! ,p>ts1 is ! pr9cipal   
diff]5ce betwixt ! ,root & ! ,trunk1 z  
ha? be5 said4#cf ,h5ce1 ^? ,roots1      
*iefly1 h ,root-,buds1  ,tab4 #aa4  :i* 
h ! smalle/ ,a]-,vessels2#cg ^!1 z is   
said1 be+ ! mo/ pliable & ,expansive4   
#cf ,p4 #a4 c4 #a4 4 #b1 #c4       #cg  
,p4 #a4 c4 #d4 4 #ae4  #df4 4 ,b because
 ! expansiv5ess ( ! ,vessels1 dep5de?   
also1 9 "p1 ^u ! ,fewness ( _! ,braces2 
!re=e ! said ,buds %oot =? diff]5tly1 9 
div]s ,roots4 ,:]e ! ,braces are few]1 !
 ,buds %oot =? beyond ! ,circumf]5ce ( !
 ,root1 z 9 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke2  ,tab4 
#f4  :]e m close1 z 9 ,potato's1 ! ,buds
 lie a little abscond$ b5ea? x2 !       
,a]-,vessels be+ "h1 by _! ,braces1     
some:at *eck$ & curb$ 91 :ile ! ,b>que  
cont9ue? to swell into a full] ,gr[?4   
#dg4 4 ,if ! ,a]-,vessels are all along 
m equally siz$1 ! ,root is s also1 or   
,cyl9drical2 z are ^? ( ,eryngo1        
,horse-,radi%1 ,m>%mall[1 ,liquiri%1 c4 
,b if unequal1 gr[+ /ill wid] t[>ds !   
bottom ( ! ,root2 !n ! ,root is unequal 

also3 ,b gr[e?1 z is obs]vable1 q       
contr>ily to ! ,a]-,vessels2 n ,great]1 
z ,!y d2 b /ill small]1 or pyramidally2 
z 9 ,f5il1 ,borage1 ,nettle1 ,pati5ce1  
,?orn-,apple1 c4 is app>5t4 ,= !        
,a]-,vessels be+ consid]ably wid] ab\t !
 bottome ( ^! ,roots2 !y !re conte9 a m 
,copi\s ,f]m5t3 ,:]eby ! ,sap is !re    
also m volatiliz$1 & pl5tifully advanc$ 
to ! ,upp] ,p>ts4 ,)al1 ?us receiv+ into
 !mselves1 & s transmitt+ to ! upp]     
,p>ts1 a m pl5tiful ,vap\r1 !y h]eby rob
 ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( _! ,alim5t1 & s /9t
 !m 9 _! ,gr[?4    ,h[ ,roots are       
diff]5tly ,mov'd4  #dh4 4 ,,f ,,!       
diff]5t ,proportions & ,situation ( !   
,p>ts1 ! ,motions ( ,roots are also     
v>i\s4 ,= :]e ! ,a]-,vessels are spread 
abroad & inve/$ ) a ?9n] ,b>que2  ,tab4 
#h4  ! ,root runs or lies ,level1 z 9 ! 
level-,roots ( ,primrose1 ,bi%ops-we$1  
,anemone1 c4 may be se54 ,s t ^! ,roots1
 z by ! ,p]p5dicul> ,/r+s1 :i* %oot f !m
 into ! ,e>?1 & :]e9 ! ,a]-,vessels are 
contract$ into _! ,c5t]1 !y are ,pluck$ 

d[n#ch3 ,s by ! ,a]-,vessels1 :i* /&    
ne>] ! ,a]1 & m "u its ,attractive      
,p[]#ci !y are invit$ upw>ds2 :]eby !y h
 nei!r asc5t nor desc5t1 b keep level1  
betwixt bo?4       #ch ,p4 #a4 c4 #a4 4 
#ae4       #ci ,p4 #b4 4 #cf4  #di4 4 ,b
 if ^! ,vessels are ,contract$1 /&+ ei!r
 91 or ne> ! ,c5tre1 & are inve/$ ) a   
,b>que proportionably ,?ick2 ! ,root    
/rike? d[n p]p5dicul>ly1 z do? t (      
,d&elion1 ,bugloss1 ,p>snep1 c4  ,tab4  
#g1 #h4  ,& !re=e ! said ,vessels1      
al?\gh !y are spread abroad 9 ! level   
,roots1 yet 9 ! p]p5dicul> ones ( ! same
 ,plant1 !y are always contract$2 z by  
comp>+ ! ,level & ,d[n-"r ,roots (      
,ammi1 ,primrose1 ,j]usalem ,arti*oke1  
,c[slip1 & o!rs1 is manife/4  #ej4 4 ,if
 ! ,a]-,vessels are ,contract$1 &       
,environ$ ) a great] numb] ( ,succif]\s1
 ! ,root gr[s deep2 t is1 p]p5dicul> &  
long4#dj ,p]p5dicul>1 f ! ,contraction (
 ! ,a]-,vessels2#da & long1 f !         
,pr$om9ion ( ! ,succif]\s1 :i* 9 _!     
gr[?1 are ext5d$ only by t ,dim5sion1 z 

9 ,liquiri%1 ,eryngo1 c4       #dj ,p4  
#a4 c4 #a4 4 #i4       #da ,p4 #b4 4    
#di4  #ea4 4 ,if ! ,succif]\s are ov]   
proportion$ to ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 b "u  
to ! ,a]-,vessels2 ! ,root is p]p5dicul>
 /ill1 b gr[e? %all[3 ,! ,succif]\s be+ 
/urdy en\gh to keep x p]p5dicul>2  ,tab4
 #g4  ,b ! ,a]-,vessels hav+ a pr$om9ion
 to keep x f gr[+ deep2 z 9 ,/ramonium1 
,nicotian1 ,beet1 c4  #eb4 4 ,if1 on !  
contr>y1 ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts are pr$om9ant
 to ! ,a] ,vessels2 & t1 bo? 9 ! ,root &
 ,trunk2 !n ! :ole ,root *ange? place1  
or desc5ds4#db ,= ! said ,a]-,vessels1  
hav+ nei!r 9 ! ,trunck1 nor 9 ! ,root1 a
 suffici5t ,p[] to ,draw x upw>ds2 x    
!re=e gradually yields to ! ,motion (   
its ,/r+-,roots2 :i*1 z !y /rike into ! 
,soil1 ,pluck x d[n aft] !m4 ,& because 
! old ,/r+s annually rot (f1 & new ones 
successively %oot d[n into ! ,gr\nd1 x  
!re=e annually /ill desc5de? l[]2 z 9   
,tulip1 ,lily1 c4 may be obs]v$4        
#db ,p4 #a4 c4 #a4 4 #aj4 ,lib4 #a4 c4  
#b4 4 #be1 & #d4 ,app5d4           4    

#aj4 ,p4 #b4 4 #cf4  #ec4 4 ,:]e !      
,a]-,vessels are mu* spread abroad1 &   
also num]\s1 ! ,root (t5times1 z to its 
sev]al p>ts1 desc5ds & asc5ds bo? at    
once4 ,s ,radi%es & ,turneps1 at ! same 
"t1 9 :i* _! ne!r p>ts desc5d2 _! upp]1 
7:]e ! said ,vessels are m loosely      
brac$1 & spread m abroad ?an 9 ! l[]    
p>ts7  ,tab4 #b4  d asc5d1 or make _!   
,gr[? upw>d4 ,h5ce also1 ! upp] "p ( mo/
 "y ,roots f ,se$1 asc5ds3 ,because !   
fir/ ,leaves1 be+ proportionably l>ge1 &
 /&+ 9 a free ,a]1 ! ,a]-,vessels !re91 
h a dom9ion ov] ! "y ,root2 & s !mselves
 yield+ to ! solicitation ( ! ,a]1      
upw>ds2 !y draw ! ,root1 9 "p1 aft] !m4 
,h[ ,roots are diff]5tly ,ag$4  #ed4 4  
,,by ,,! ,situation & ,proportions ( !  
,p>ts1 ! ,age ( ! ,root is also v>i$4 ,=
 if ! ,sap-,vessels h ! greate/         
,proportion1 ! ,root1 is ,p]5nial1 & t  
to ! f>!/ ext5t1 z 9 ,trees & ,%rubs4   
,because ^! ,vessels conta9+ a m copi\s 
,oyl2#dc & _! sev]al ,pr9ciples be+ m   
closely ,conc5tr$1 !y are less subject  

to a ,resolution1 t is1 a ,corruption or
 ,mortification by ! ,a]4       #dc ,p4 
#b4 4 #ba4  #ee4 4 ,if ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts
 h mu* ! greate/1 ! ,root seldom live?  
beyond ,two ,ye>s2 b aft]w>ds p]i%e?    
ei!r 9 :ole1 or 9 "p2 z d div]s bulb\s1 
tub]\s1 & o!r ,roots2 :e!r !y are m     
,por\s & ,succul5t1 or m ,close & ,dry4 
,if ,por\s1 all ! ,liquid ,pr9ciples /&+
 h]e9 m abundant1 ei!r by a /rong]      
,f]m5tation1 or o!rwise1 ,resolve ! fix$
 ones ( ! ,organical ,p>ts2 :5ce ! :ole 
,root1 rots2 z 9 ,potato's4 ,s also     
,p>sneps1 & "s o!r ,roots1 :i*1 9 a h>d 
& b>r5 ,soil1 w live sev]al ye>s1 9     
ano!r m rank1 w quickly rot4 ,if !      
,p>5*yma be ,close1 !n ! ,a]1 *iefly1   
entr+ 9 & fill+ x up1 ?us mortifies !   
,root2 n by ,rott+ ! ,p>ts1 b ov] ,dry+ 
!m2 z 9 ,satyrion1 ,rape-,cr[foot1      
,monk%ood1 c4#dd       #dd ,p4 #a4 c4   
#a4 4 #ac1 #af1  ,p4 #b4 4 #bh4  #ef4 4 
,b if ! ,a]-,vessels h ! greate/        
,proportion1 & especially if !y are m   
l>ge1 & )all1 are spread m abroad3 !    

,root is ,annual1 z 9 ,?orn-,apple1     
,nicotian1 ,c>duus ,b51 c4  ,tab4 #i4   
,& ( ! same ,k9dr$1 if any1 ^? are      
,annual1 :i* h ! mo/ ,a]-,vessels4 ,s   
,endive & ,son*us1 :i* h /ore (         
,a]-,vessels1 are bo? ,annual3 :]eas    
,ci*ory1 9 :i* !y are few]1 is a        
,p]5nial ,root4 ,= h]eby a m copi\s ,a] 
be+ ,transfus$ into all ! o!r ,p>ts2#de 
!y are ?us1 by degrees1 h>d5$1 & become 
/icky2 & s imp]vi\s to ! ,sap1 :i* ought
 to h a free & univ]sal ,transition f   
,"p to ,"p4 ,z ,bones1 by               
,precipitations f ! ,blood1 at l5g?1    
cease to gr[4 ,or ! same m abundant ,a]1
 s f> volatilize? ! ,liquors 9 ! ,root1 
t !y are :olly advanc$ into ! ,trunk1 & 
s ! ,root is />v$4 ,:5ce also !         
,a]-,vessels ( ! ,trunk2 :]e !y are     
num]\s1 & ov] proportion$ to ! ,bulk ( !
 ,root1 z 9 ,corn2 !y s f> promote !    
advance ( ! ,sap1 z to exhau/ ! ,root1  
suck+ x into a ,consumption & ,dea?4    
#de ,p4 #b4 4 #be1 #bf4    ,h[ !        
,cont5ts ( ! sev]al ,p>ts are made4     

#eg4 4 ,,f ,,! ,pr9ciples ( ! ,p>ts1 _! 
,cont5ts & ! sev]al ,qualities h]e( are 
also v>i\s2#df ! ,fluid ( ea* ,organical
 ,"p1 be+ made1 *iefly1 by ,filtration  
?r\gh ! sides !re(2 su* ( ! ,pr9ciples 9
 ! ,sap1 be+ admitt$ into1 & transmitt$ 
?r\gh !m1 z are apte/ !reunto4 ,9 ! l   
mann]1 z :5 ,oyl & ,wat]1 be+ p\r$ ^u a 
,pap]1 ! ,wat] passe? ?r\gh1 ! ,oyl     
/icks3 or z ! ,*yle is /ra9$ ?r\gh !    
,coats ( ! ,guts1 into ! ,lacteal       
,vessels3 or z ,wat] 9 ,purgations1 is  
/ra9$ ?r\gh ! ,gl&s ( ! same ,guts1 f ! 
,mes5t]ical4       #df ,idea1 4 #ed4    
#eh4 4 ,! ,pr9ciples !re=e ( ! ,p>5*ym\s
 ,fibres be+ spiritu\s1 acid1 & a]ial1  
!y w also admit ! l into !m2 exclud+ ^? 
*iefly :i* are ,alkal9e & ,ole\s4#dg ,& 
z by ! ,conjugation ( su* ,pr9ciples 9 !
 ,fibres1 ! l are capable ( admittance  
into _! ,body3 s ! ,proportion & ,union 
( ! same ,pr9ciples1 regulates !        
transmission h]e( into _! ,concave4     
,:]e=e1 ! pr$om9ant ,pr9ciples ( !      
,fibres be+ *iefly acid1 next spiritu\s1

 & a]y1 ! m a]y ones w be transmitt$4 ,=
 if m ( !m %\ld fix !y mu/ d s by       
similitude & adhesion3 ,b :]e !re are   
few] simil>y p>ts to adh]e to1 few] mu/ 
adh]e4 ,! ,fibres !re=e conta9 s _m p>ts
 ( ,a]1 z to admit _m m into _! ,body2 b
 n to fix !m2 :i* !re=e mu/ ne$s1 ^u    
admission1 pass ?r\gh into _! ,concave2 
:]e1 toge!r ) "s o!r m spiritu\s p>ts1  
!y make an !rial ,fluid4 ,& because "s  
aque\s or vapor\s p>ts w also /ra9 ?r\gh
 ) !m2 h5ce x is1 t z m & m ( ^! ent]1  
!y by degrees /ill ?ru/ out ! a]y ones2 
:i* quitt+ ! m succul5t ,fibres ( !     
,p>5*yma1 are =c$ to betake !mselves to 
! dry] ones1 scil4 all ^?1 :]e( !       
,diametral ,portions d consi/4 ,= ! same
 reason ! ,a]y p>ts be+ gradually       
exclud$ ! succul5t ,fibres ( ! ,b>que2  
!y are =c$ to rec$e & transmigrate into 
^? ( ! ,pi?4 ,& ! ,fibres ( ! ,pi?      
!mselves be+ fill$1 & ! ,a]y p>ts /ill  
=c$ into !m2 !y at l5g? also /ra9 ?r\gh 
! ,fibres into ! ,bladd]s3 :5ce x comes 
to pass1 t :ile ! ,b>que is succul5t1 ! 

,pi? is (t5 times fill$ ) ,a]4       #dg
 ,p4 #b4 4 #ai4  #ei4 4 ,! ,lymphducts  
be+ m e>?y1 ,sal9\s2 ole\s1 &  ,p4 #b4 4
 #ba4  aque\s1 w bo? admit & copi\sly   
fix ! l ,pr9ciples1 z _! prop] ,alim5t4 
,! ,wat] be+ m p]flu5t ?an ! re/1 w     
!re=e /ra91 ) a light] ,t9cture ( !m1   
into _! ,concave4 ,especially ! ,ole\s  
p>ts ( ^! be+ rampant1 & less apt to fix
 & seize ! aque\s1 ^u _! entrance1 ?an !
 sal9e4  #fj4 4 ,! ,lactif]\s1 appe>+ to
 be made1 *iefly1 by ! ,con/ipation ( ! 
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts all r\nd ab\t _! ,sides2
 ! ,liquor conte9$ 9 ^? ,p>ts1 al?\gh x 
may easily en\gh be transfus$ into !    
,holl[ ( ^! ,vessels2 yet seems x n1 )  
equal facility1 to be refund$ !nce3 ,s t
 ! ?9n] & m aque\s ,portion only1 pass+ 
(f2 ! rema9d]1 is1 z x 71 an ,ole\s     
,elixyr1 or extract1 9 ! =m ( a ,milk4  
#fa4 4 ,! ,fluid ,f]m5t conta9$ 9 !     
,a]-,vessels1 is also 9 "p1 dep5d5t on !
 ,pr9ciples ( ^? ,vessels1 be+ 9 _!     
p]colation t9ctur$ !re)4 ,b because !   
p]colation is n made ?r\gh ! ,body ( !  

,fibres :]e( ! ,vessels are compos$1 b  
only betwixt !m2 !re=e ! transi5t       
,pr9ciples m promiscuosly1 yet ) an ov] 
porportion ( dry] ,p>ticles1 pass into !
 ,concaves ( ^! ,vessels1 & s are h]e9  
all imm]s$ 9 a ,body ( ,a]4#dh ,!       
,fibres !mselves1 9 ! mean "t1 z ^? ( ! 
,p>5*yma1 admitt+ & conta9+ a m ,a]y &  
!rial ,fluid4       #dh ,p4 #b4 4 #bd4  
#fb4 4 ,! ,cont5ts are v>i$1 n only by !
 ,nature1 b also ! ,proportion &        
,situation ( ! ,p>ts1 :]eby ! said      
,cont5ts are ) diff]5t ,facility &      
,quantity1 communicat$ "o to ano!r4     
,h5ce x is1 p>tly1 t a ,v9e1 or t ,corn1
 ha? s little ,oyl3 sc4 ,because _!     
,a]-,vessels1 9 proportion ) ! o!r      
,p>ts1 are s ,great & ,num]\s3 9 ,corn1 
! ,/alk be+ also v holl[1 & s becom+ z x
 71 "o ,great ,a]-,vessel4 ,= ! ,oily   
p>ts ( ! ,sap1 are s exce$+ly           
att5uat$#di by ! ,a]y ,f]m5t conta9$ 9  
^! ,vessels2 t !y are1 = ! mo/ "p1 s f> 
imm]s$ 9 ! ,_s1 or mix$ !re)1 z n1 by   
be+ collect$ 9 any consid]able ,body1 to

 be di/+ui%able f x4 ,& ! aff9ity t is  
betwixt ,spirits & ,oils1 especially    
,ess5tial1 is manife/3 ,bo? are v       
inflammable2 ,bo? w burn all away2 ,!   
,od]s1 :i* we call ! ,spirits ( ,plants1
 are lodg$ 9 _! ess5tial ,oyl2 ,bo?1 be+
 duly ,rectifi$1 w mix z easily toge!r1 
z ,wat] & ,w9e4 ,s t1 al?\gh ,oyl1 by ! 
sep>ation ( its e>?y & ,sal9e p>ts1 :i* 
give x its s5sibly ole\s ,body1 may n be
 s f> att5uat$1 z to produce a ,_s2 yet 
t x may s f> be att5uat$1 & s be mix$   
!re)1 z n to be disc]n$ f x1 z 9 !      
=em5tion$ ,plants1 w be grant$4         
#di ,p4 #b4 4 #be1  #ef4  #fc4 4 ,h5ce x
 is1 t ! ,lactif]\s /&+ m remote f !    
,a]-,vessels1 & ! ,succif]\s            
int]pos+2#ej ! ,liquor1 !re=e1 conta9$ 9
 !m1 is n s mu* "u ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,a]ial
 ,f]m5t1 & is !nce1 p>tly1 m ,oily4 ,= !
 same reason1 all ,roots :i* are ,milky1
 s f> z ,i h obs]v$1 h an "u-proportion 
( ,a]-,vessels1 ^! be+ ei!r ,few] or    
,small]4       #ej ,tab4 #i4  #af4      
,h[ ! ,od\rs ( ,plants are made4  #fd4 4

 ,,f :at ha? be5 said1 we may receive "s
 in=mation1 likewise1 ( ! ,od\rs1       
,col\rs1 & ,ta/es ( ,plants4 ,& =       
,od\rs1 ,i suppose1 ,t ! *ief ,matt] (  
!m1 is ! ,a]ial ,f]m5t conta9$ 9 !      
,a]-,vessels4 ,n b t ! o!r ,p>ts d also 
yield _! smell2 b t ^! yield ! /ronge/ &
 ! be/1 & imm$iately p]ceptible 9 fre%1 
undry$ & unbruis$ ,plants4 ,= ! ,a]     
entr+ into1 & pass+ ?r\gh ! ,root1 &    
c>ry+ a ,t9cture1 f ! sev]al ,organical 
& ,conta9$ ,p>ts1 along ) x1 & at la/   
entr+ also ! ,concaves ( ! ,a]-,vessels2
 x !re exi/s ! mo/ ,comp\nd$ & ,volatile
 ,fluid1 ( all o!rs 9 ! ,plant1 & s !   
fitte/ matt] ( ,od\r3 & su* an ,od\r1 z 
answ]s to t ( all ! ,odor\s p>ts ( !    
,plant4#ea ,:]e=e ! ,organical ,p>ts1   
be+ well cl5s$ ( _! ,cont5ts1 smell n at
 all2 ,because ! ,pr9ciples h]e( are1 z 
ha? be5 said1 s f> fix$ & conc5tr$      
toge!r4 ,h5ce also ! ,conta9$ ,p>ts     
!mselves1 or any o!r ,bodies1 z _!      
,pr9ciples are any way m fix$1 !y are   
less ,odor\s3 ,s is ,ros91 less ?an     

,turp5t9e1 & ,pit*1 ?an ,t>2 & _m ! self
 same ,bodies1 :5 !y are coagulat$1 less
 ?an :5 !y are melt$4 ,s also ,musk1 :i*
 is n s liquid z ,civet1 is n s /rong2  
nor ,amb]greece1 z ,musk3 ,= al?\gh x   
ha? a m excell5t smell1 ?an ,musk ha?1  
yet yielde? x n s easily2 s9ce x is a m 
fix$ ,body1 & require? "s ,art to be    
op5$4 ,h5ce also ! ,leaves ( _m ,plants 
lose _! ,od\r ^u rubb+3 ,because !      
,a]-,vessels be+ !reby brok51 all _!    
conta9$ odor\s ,fluid vani%e? at once3  
:i* be=e1 0 only /ra9$ gradually ?r\gh !
 ,sk94 ,yet ! fix$ ,p>ts !mselves1 ^u   
dry+1 are s f> alt]$ by ! ,sun & ,a]1 z 
to become resoluble1 & volatile1 & !nce 
odor\s4       #ea ,p4 #b4 4 #bd4    ,h[ 
_! ,col\rs4  #fe4 4 ,,s ,,also ( _!     
,col\rs4 ,z :5ce ! ,col\rs ( ! ,sk9s are
 v>i$4 ,= div]s ( ! ,sap-,vessels1      
toge!r ) ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts successively 
fall+ (f f ! ,b>que into ! ,sk9#eb by _!
 proximity to ! ,e>? & ,a]1 _!          
,sulphure\s or ,ole\s ,pr9ciple is m or 
less resolv$1 & s produce? div]s        

,col\rs4 ,s ^? ,roots :i* turn purple   
any :]e )91 h usually a black] ,sk92 !  
"o ( ^? two ,col\rs be+1 by a resolution
 & corruption ( p>ts1 easily conv]tible 
into ! o!r1 z 9 ,cumfry1 ,?i/le1 c4 ,s !
 ,milk ( ,scorzon]a1 conta9$ 9 !        
,vessels ( ! ,b>que1 ^u dry+1 turne?    
into a br[n ,col\r3 ,:]e=e ! ,sk91 9 :i*
 !re are div]s ( ^? ,vessels1 is ( !    
same4 ,s bo? ! ,milk & ,sk9 ( ,lovage is
 ( a br[ni% yell[4 ,b ,p>snep ha? a     
cle>] ,sap 9 all its ,vessels1 & a :it] 
,sk94 ,s ,potato's1 be+ cut trav]se1    
aft] "s "t out ( gr\nd1 h div]s r$      
specks up & d[n :]e ! ,vessels /&1 & _! 
,sk9 is accord+ly r$4       #eb ,p4 #a4 
c4 #b4 4 #b1 #d4  #ff4 4 ,! reason1 ,i  
say ( ^! ,col\rs1 is ! resolution or    
res]ation ( ! ,pr9ciples ( ! sev]al     
,p>ts1 *iefly1 by ! ,a]1 & a light]     
mixture ( !m consequ5t !reupon3 :]eby ! 
,sulphure\s or ,oyly ,p>ts1 :i* 7 be=e  
conc5tr$1 are n[ m or less rampant1     
discov]+ !mselves 9 div]s ,col\rs1      
accord+ z !y are div]sly mix$ ) ! o!r   

,pr9ciples4 ,h5ce ^! ,col\rs are        
obs]vable1 accord+ to ! nature ( ! ,p>ts
 :]e9 !y are1 or :]eunto !y are adjac5t3
 ,s :]e ! ,lymph$ucts doe run1 !re is a 
,r$1 or "s o!r ,sulphure\s ,col\r2 !    
,ole\s ,pr9ciples be+1 z is said1#ec m  
copi\s 9 ^! ,vessels2 z 9 ! ,b>k (      
,peony1 ! inw>d p>ts ( ,potato's1 c4 may
 be se54 ,b ! ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 :]e m    
remote f ! said ,vessels1 !y are usually
 ,:ite1 or b ,yell[3 ! ,sulphure\s      
,pr9ciple ( ^! ,p>ts1 be+1 z ha? be5    
said1 b sp>+4#ed ,! same is se5 9 ^?    
,roots :i* %ew bo? ,r$ & ,yell[3 ^?     
,p>ts1 pr9cipally1 :]e ! ,succif]\s     
,vessels run1 be+ ,r$2 b ^? ,p>ts1 :]e  
only ! ,a]-,vessels are mix$ ) !        
,p>5*ym\s1 be+ ,yell[2 z 9 ,pati5ce4 ,s 
likewise ! pi?y "p ( a ,c>rot1 :]e !    
,a]-,vessels h v few ,succif]\s mix$ )  
!m1 is ,yell[2 b ! ,b>que1 :]e !        
,succif]\s are v num]\s1 is ,r$4 ,= !   
same reason1 _m ,roots1 :i* are ,:it] 9 
_! upp] p>ts1 are ,purple or ,r$di% 9 _!
 inf]i\r1 z ,av5s1 ,/rawb]ry1 c4        

,because ^? l[] p>ts1 hav+ la9 long]#ee 
"u gr\nd 7^! be+ desc5d+ ,roots7 _!     
,pr9ciples are1 !reby1 some:at m        
resolv$1 & s ! ,ole\s1 ramp & spread all
 ov] ! re/ 9 t ,col\r4       #ec ,p4 #b4
 4 #ba4       #ed ,p4 #b4 4 #bj4        
#ee ,p4 #b4 4 #ac4  #fg4 4 ,& t !       
,resolution ( ! ,sulphure\s & o!r       
,pr9ciples is p>tly effect$ by ! ,a]1   
appe>s1 ,9 t1 :]e ! ,a] ha? a free      
access to ! ,succif]\s ,vessels1 !      
,col\rs are !re1 *iefly produc$1 or are 
m conspicu\s4 ,s 9 ,potato's1 :]e !     
,succif]\s ,vessels are ei!r next to !  
ext]nal ,a]1 z 9 ! ,sk92 or contigu\s ) 
! ,a]-,vessels1 z 9 ! ,r+ )9 ! ,b>que2  
!re1 !y produce a ,r$3 b :]e m remote f 
bo?1 z 9 ! middle ( ! ,b>que1 & ,c5tre (
 ! ,root1 !re !y produce none4 ,h5ce    
also x is1 t ! ,leaves & ,fl[]s ( "s    
,plants1 z ,bloodwort1 ,wood-,sorrel1   
,radi%1 ,jacea1 c4 al?\gh ,gre5 or ,:ite
 9 ! greate/ portion ( _! ,p>5*ym\s ,"p2
 yet :]e ! ,succif]\s & ,a]-,vessels run
 toge!r1 !y are ( ,r$1 ,blue1 & o!r     

,col\rs2 ! ,ole\s p>ts ( ! "o1 be+      
unlock$ & op5$1 by ! a]y ( ! o!r4    ,h[
 _! ,ta/es4  #fh4 4 ,,& ,,la/ly1 ( _!   
,ta/s4 ,mo/ ,roots :i* are acres or     
bitt+1 h a v copi\s ,p>5*yma 9          
proportion ) ! ,succif]\s ,vessels1 z ( 
,arum1 ,dragon1 & o!rs3 ,because !      
,sal9e & o!r ,pr9ciples are n s mu* hot1
 by any suffici5t quantity (            
,sulphure\s1 f ^? ,vessels1 9 :i* !     
,sulphur1 z is said1 is m abundant2#ef b
 r5dr$ r pung5t1 f "s ,_s & ,a]4 ,b     
div]s ,umbellif]\s ,roots1 especially   
:i* ab\nd ) ,lactif]\s ,vessels1 are    
hot2 z ,f5il1 ,lovage1 ,angelica1 c4    
,yet is x n _! ,oyl alone t makes !m    
hot1 b ! comb9ation !re( ) ! ,sal9e     
,p>ts3 z is manife/1 f ! nature ( ! ,se$
 ( ^! ,plants2 :]e91 z ! ,oyl is mo/    
copi\s2 ,s be+ held to a ,c&le till !y  
burn1 con/antly spit2 :i* come? to pass1
 by ! eruption ( ! ,sal9e ,p>ts3 & is ! 
v same effect1 ) t :i* foll[e? ^u burn+ 
( ,s]um or ,blood4 ,& !re=e1 z ^! ,se$s 
are m hot1 !y also spit ! m2 ,s ^? (    

,cum9e1 :i*1 ?\gh fulsom1 yet are n s   
hot1 spit less2 ,f5il & ,dill1 :i* are  
hott]1 m2 !re be+ a great] quantity (   
volatile ,salt conta9$ h]e94 ,h5ce all  
,ess5tial ,oyls are hot1 ! ,_s &        
volatile ,salt1 be+ incorporat$ h]e)4 ,&
 "s ( !m w %oot1 & cry/allize z ,salts  
d1 z t ( ,anise2 :i* argues a mixture ( 
a consid]able quantity ( volatile ,salt4
 ,z also do? ! ,nature ( ^! ,oyls1 9 be+
 amicable to ! ,/oma*1 ,c>m9ative1 &    
sometimes ,anodyne2 scil4 z !y kill "s  
fetid1 or corrosive ,acid3 = volatile   
,salts !mselves w h ! l op]ation 9 "s   
cases z ^! ,oyls4       #ef ,p4 #b4 4   
#ba4  #fi4 4 ,_m ,lactif]\s ,roots1 z   
,t>axacum & o!rs ( t k9d1 are n s mu*   
hot1 z bitt]4 ,= al?\gh by ! ,lactif]\s 
,vessels !y are v ,oyly2 yet ^? ,vessels
 be+ posit$ 9 ,r+s1 & n 9 ,rays1 & hav+ 
no ,diametral ,portions runn+ ?r\gh _!  
,b>que to ! ,a]-,vessels2  ,tab4 #ac4  !
 ,acido-,a]ial ,p>ts d h]eby1 al?\gh n  
mortifie1 yet s f> refract ! sal9e1     
lightly b9d+ up ! ,ole\s !re)1 z to     

produce a bitt] ,ta/e4 ,s1 _m sweet     
,bodies1 ^u burn+1 become bitt]2 ! ,acid
 ,p>ts1 n[ becom+ rampant1 & m copi\sly 
mix$ ) ! ,ole\s4  #gj4 4 ,! ,roots1 or  
o!r ,p>ts1 ( _m ,umbellif]\s ,plants1 h 
a sweeti% ,ta/e1 z bo? ! ,sweet1 &      
,common ,*]vil2 bo? ! ,g>d51 & wild     
,c>rot2 ,p>snep1 ,f5il1 c4 ! ,sal9e     
,pr9ciples be+ conc5tr$ 9 ! ,oyly1 & bo?
 ( a mod]ate quantity ) respect to !    
re/4 ,= by ! ,oyly1 ! ,sal9e is r5dr$ m 
smoo? & amicable2 & bo? be+ mod]ate1 !y 
are n !re=e hot1 z 9 "s o!r ,umbellif]\s
 ,roots2 b by ! pr$om9ion ( ! o!r       
,pr9ciples1 made mild4 ,h5ce x is1 t    
,sug> x self is sweet1 scil4 because x  
is an ,ole\s ,salt2 z is manife/1 f its 
be+ highly inflammable2 its easie       
dissolution by a mod]ate ,fire1 )\t !   
addition ( ,wat]2 & 9 t1 be+ melt$ )    
,turp5t9e1 & o!r ,oily ,bodies1 x w mix 
toge!r ) !m4 ,s also ! ,acid ,p>ts (    
,v9eg>1 be+ conc5tr$ 9 !                
,sal9o-sulphure\s ( ,lead1 produce a    
,sug>4 ,h5ce ,b>ley1 :i* ^u ,di/illation

 or ,decoction yeilde? only an acid2 be+
 turn$ into ,mault1 becomes sweet4      
,because1 be+ /eep$1 c\*$1 & s f]m5t$1 !
 ole\s p>ts are !reby unlock$1 & becom+ 
rampant1 ov] ! o!r ,pr9ciples1 altoge!r 
produce t ,ta/e4 ,& ! ,bile x self1 :i*1
 next to ,wat] & ,e>?1 consi/e? mo/ (   
oily p>ts1 & ( _m bo? sal9e & acid is a 
bitt]-sweet4 ,:]e91 z "s ( ! ,sal9e &   
,acid p>ts1 smoo!d by ! ,ole\s1 produce 
a ,sweet3 ,s1 "s ( ! ,ole\s1 impregnat$ 
) ! ,sal9e1 & ! ,acid1 doe h]eby produce
 a ,bitt]4                              
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,trunks1                          ,) an
 ,acc\nt ( _!                           
,,vegetation                            
,gr\nd$ !reupon4           ,! ,figures  
h]eunto belong+1 ,pres5t$ to ! ,,royal  
,,society 9 ! ,ye>s1 #afgc  #afgd4      
,! ,,?ird ,,book4                    ,by
 ,,nehemjah ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[ ( !    
,royal ,society1 & ( ! ,college (       

,physicians4                            
,! ,second ,edition4                    
,,london1                      ,pr9t$ by
 ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                    
,,to ,,!                                
,"r ,hon\rable                          
,,william                          ,"l  
,vi-,c\nt ,,br\nck]                     
,,!                                     
,,presid5t2                             
,,& ,,to ,,!                            
,c\ncil & ,fell[s                       
,,( ,,!                                 
,,royal ,,society4  ,,my ,,"l1  ,,!     
,comm&s ,i receiv$ f ,y\r ,lord%ip1 & ! 
,royal ,society1 ,to prosecute !        
,subject treat$ ( 9 ! ,two =m] ,books2 h
 produc$ ,?is :i* foll[s4 ,& ,i humbly  
submit ! same to ,y\r ,lord%ips         
,judgm5t3 :i* mu/ ne$s be ,c&id &       
,b5ign1 because x is ,great4 ,i h only  
?is to say1                   ----    2 
,y\r ,lord%ip w n disapprove !          
,ent]prise1 al?\gh x falls %ort (       
p]fection4 ,x be+ ! result ( ,y\r       

,lord%ips manifold ,virtues &           
,abilities1 ,t ,y "k h[ f> to ,enc\rage 
! meane/ ,attempts2 z well z rightly to 
,value & ,assi/ ! greate/ ,p]=mances4   
,i am1                                  
,my ,"l1                                
,y\r ,lord%ips                          
mo/ humble                              
&                              mo/      
obsequi\s                               
,s]vant                                 
,,nehemjah ,,grew4  ,london1 ,augu/ #bj4
 #afge4                                 
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts4                              
,! ,,fir/ ,,"p4                         
,,*ap4 ,i4   ,a ,description ( sev]al   
,/alks or ,trunks1 z !y appe> to ! ,nak$
                                   ,eye4
  ,,( ! ,/alk ( ,maze1 4 #a1 #b4 ,(     
,d&elion1 #c1 to #f4 ,( ,borage1 #g1 to 
#aj4 ,( ,colewort1 #aa1 to #af4 ,(      
,holyoak1 #ag1 to #bj4 ,( ,wild ,cucum]1
 #ba1 to #bc4 ,( ,scorzon]a1 #bd1 to    
#bf4 ,( ,burdock1 #bg1 to #bi4 ,(       

,endive1 #cj1 #ca4 ,( ,v9e1 #cb1 to #ce4
 ,( ,suma*1 #cf1 to #ch4 ,cautions to be
 _h 9 obs]v+ ! ,p>ts1 #ci4 ,"s          
,p>ticul>s bett] obs]v$ 9 cutt+ by !    
l5g?1 #dj1 #da4                         
,,*ap4 ,,ii4  ,( ! ,b>que1 z x appe>s   
?r\gh a good ,microscope4  ,f,ir/1 a    
,g5]al ,description ( ! sev]al ,p>ts ( !
 ,b>que1 #b1 to #i4 ,next1 a ,p>ticul>  
,description ( ! ,b>ques ( #h sev]al    
,trunks2 sc4 ,( ,holly1 ,hazel1 ,b>b]y1 
,apple1 ,pe>1 ,plum1 ,elm1 ,a%2 ,!      
,vessels ( all ^: ,b>ques are           
,lymphducts3 & ^? ( two k9ds1 #aj1 to   
#ac4 ,( #c m1 sc4 ,wallnut1 ,fig1 &     
,p9e3 ! ,vessels ( ! ,b>ques ( ! ,two   
fir/1 be+ ,lymphducts & ,lactif]\s1 ,( !
 next1 ,lymphducts & ,res9if]\s1 #ad1 to
 #bj4 ,( #c m1 sc4 ,oak1 ,common ,suma*1
 & ,common ,wormwood2 ! ,vessels ( ^:   
,b>ques are ( #c ,k9ds1 #ba1 to #bi4 ,"s
 fur!r ,obs]vations & ,conjectures ( !  
,sap-,vessels1 #cj1 to #cg4             
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                           
,( ! ,wood4  ,w,hat 9 all ,trunks1 4 #a4

 ,a ,description ( its ,p>ts1 9 ! sev]al
 ,trunks a=esaid4 ,( ! ,p>5*ym\s ,"p1 or
 ,ins]tions1 #b1 to #i4 ,( ! true ,wood1
 #aj1 to #ae4 ,( ! ,a]-,vessels1 #af1 to
 #bf4 ,"s fur!r ,obs]vations &          
,conjectures ( _! ,=m1 #bg4 ,texture1   
#bh1 to #cb4 ,nature1 #cc1 #cd4 ,&      
,orig9al1 #ce4                          
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                            
,( ! ,pi?4  ,a ,description ( ! ,pi?1 9 
,g5]al1 4 #a4 ,9 ! sev]al ,trunks or    
,bran*es a=esaid4 ,z ( ! ,size1 #b1 #c4 
,vessels1 #d4 ,p>5*yma & ,bladd]s1 #e1  
to #i4 ,ap]tures or ,ruptures1 #aj4 ,"s 
fur!r obs]vations ( ! ,pi?4 ,& ( all !  
,pi?y & ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts4 ,& !nce ( !    
,true ,texture ( a ,plant1 #aa1 to #ae4 
,! ,,second ,,"p4                       
,,*ap4 ,i4  ,( ! ,motion & ,c\rse ( !   
,sap4                                   
,,*ap4 ,,ii4  ,( ! ,motion & ,c\rse ( ! 
,a]4                                    
,,*ap4 ,,iii4  ,( ! ,/ructure ( ! ,p>ts4
                                  ,,*ap4
 ,,iv4  ,( ! ,g5]ation ( ,liquors4      

,,*ap4 ,v4  ,( ! ,figuration ( ,trunks4 
,,*ap4 ,,vi4  ,( ! ,motions ( ,trunks4  
,,*ap4 ,,vii4  ,( ! ,nature ( ,trunks1 z
 v>i\sly fitt$ = ,me*anical ,use4       
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,trunks2                               
,,prosecut$                             
,) ! b>e ,,eye1                         
,& ) !                                  
,,microscope4                           
,,"p ,i4                                
,,*ap4 ,i4        ,! ,descriptions (    
sev]al ,trunks1 z !y appe> to !         
b>e ,eye4   ,,to ! end we may cle>ly    
und]/&1 :at ! ,trunk1 ,/alk1 or ,bran* (
 a ,plant1 is2 ,i %all by ^! ,figures "h
 be=e u1 ,describe ! sev]al ,p>ts1 :]e( 
x is comp\nd$4  #a4 4 ,& = examples     
sake1 ,i %all 9 ! fir/ place1 ,describe 
! ,trunks ( "s ,plants1 z be+ cut       
tranv]sly1 & accurately obs]v'd1 !y     
appe> to ! nak$ ,eye4 ,& "s o!rs1 z by !
 l5g?4 ,:i* hav+ done1 ,i %all next     

proce$ to a m p>ticul> ,description (   
div]s o!r ,trunks & ,bran*es z !y appe> 
?r\gh a good ,microscope4 ,9 bo? %ew+1 n
 only :at _! sev]al ,p>ts are1 z g5]ally
 belong+ to a ,bran*2 b also1 by a      
,comp>ative ,prospect1 9 :at respects !y
 are specifically di/+ui%$ "o f ano!r1 9
 ! sev]al ,sorts ( ,bran*es4   #b4 4 ,i 
,,%all beg9 :]e ! ,"w ( ,nature appe>s  
less ,div]sify'd3 z 9 ! ,/alk ( ,maze or
 ,indian ,:eat4 ,9 :i*1 al?\gh !re are !
 same ,p>5*ym\s & ,lign\s ,p>ts1 z 9 all
 o!r ,plants2  ,tab4 #ah4  yet is !re   
nei!r ,b>que1 nor ,pi?2 ! ,vessels be+  
disp]s$ & mix$ ) ! ,p>5*yma1 f !        
,circumf]5ce to ! ,c5tre ( ! ,/alk3     
,sav+1 t 9 & next ! ,sk91 !re seems to  
be no ,a]-,vessels4 ,e :]e else1 !y run 
up1 l f9e ,?r$s1 ?r\gh ! l5g? ( ! ,/alk3
 ,ea* ,?r$ be+ also surr\nd$ )          
,sap-,vessels2 :i* 9 a ,slice cut       
transv]sly1 appe> 9 v small & d>k       
col\r'd ,r+s4 ,! l /ructure may also be 
se5 9 ! ,sug>-,cane1 & "s o!r ,plants4  
#c4 4 ,,let ! next ,trunk be t (        

,t>axacum1 or ,d&elion4 ,9 a slice :]e(1
 be+ cut transv]sly1 is se5 next ! ,sk91
 fir/1 a simple1 :ite1 & close ,p>5*yma 
or ,b>que2  ,tab4 #ah4  made up (       
,vesicles2 b su* z are exce$+ small2 &  
h>dly visible )\t a ,glass4  #d4 4 ,)9  
,?is1 /& ,milk-,vessels 9 sev5 or eight 
di/9ct ,colums1 ( diff]5t size3 ea*     
,colum be+ also made up ( sev5 or eight 
,ar*$ ,l9es4 ,betwixt ^! ,colums1 run z 
_m ,diametral ,portions1 d]iv$ f !      
,b>que1 into or t[>ds ! ,pi?4  #e4 4    
,next )9 ,^!1 /& ! ,a]-,vessels4 ,:i*   
are likewise divid$1 by ! said          
,diametral ,portions1 into div]s ,ar*$  
,l9es4 ,! size ( ^! ,vessels1 z well z  
_! numb]1 is small4  #f4 4 ,)9 ,^!1 /&s 
! ,pi?1 consi/+ ( v small ,vesicles or  
,bladd]s1 z ! ,b>que4 ',tis v small1 !  
,diamet] h]e(1 be+ sc>ce "o fif?1 ( t ( 
! ,pi? ( ,borage4 ,b ! ,b>que ( ,borage 
is n half s ?ick z ?is ( ,d&elion4   #g4
 4 ,,= a ,?ird ,/alk1 we may take t (   
,borage2 :]e9 !re is "s fur!r ,v>iety4  
,= 9 a slice h]e(1 cut transv]sly1 !re  

appe>s1 fir/ a ,t\gh1 yet ,?9 &         
,transp>5t ,sk94 ,)9 ?is ,sk91 &        
,cont9u\s !re)1 !re is also a ,?9 ,r+ ( 
,sap-,vessels3  ,tab4 #ah4  :i*1 )\t be+
 cru%$ 9 ! lea/1 d yield a ,lympha4  #h4
 4 ,next /&e? ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que4    
,:i* is made up ( a great numb] ( v     
small ,vesicles or ,bladd]s4 ,^u ! inn] 
,v]ge ( ?is ,p>5*yma1 /&e? ano!r ,r+ (  
,sap-,vessels3 :i* also yield a ,lympha2
 & t diff]5t1 z is probable1 f ! ,lympha
 9 ! utmo/ ,r+4 ,hi!rto goes ! ,b>que4  
#i4 4 ,adjac5t to ! ,r+ ( ,sap-,vessels1
 on ! inn] ,v]ge ( ,b>que1 /& !         
,a]-,vessels on ! out] ,v]ge ( ! ,pi?4  
,n 9 a ,r+2 b 9 sev]al ,p>cels2 "s      
,p>cels or ,conjugations1 9 ! figure (  
little ,specks2 o!rs1 9 little ,ar*$    
,l9es1 almo/ l an ,v ,consonant4 ,& be+ 
view$ 9 a good ,glass1 !re appe>s to be 
)9 ! compass ( e l>g] ,speck or ,p>cel1 
ab\t #bj or #cj ,a]-,vessels & )9 !     
smalle/1 ab\t #h or #aj4  #aj4 4 ,!     
,pi?1 9 a well gr[n ,/alk ( ?is ,plant2 
is always holl[4 ,b orig9ally1 x is     

entire4 ,x is likewise :olly made up ( a
 great numb] ( ,vesicles3 ( :i*1 ?r\gh a
 ,glass1 "s appe> ,p5tangul>1 o!rs      
,sexangul>1 & ,septangul>4 ,mo/ ( !m are
 l>g] ?an ^? ( ! ,b>que2 s z to be      
pla9ly visible to a nak$ ,eye4   #aa4 4 
,a ,,f\r? ,trunk1 %all be t ( ,colewort1
 :i* seems likewise1 to h at lea/1 two  
,sorts ( ,lymphducts4 ,= be+ cut        
transv]sly1 z ! =m]1 we may obs]ve1 next
 ! ,sk91 a v close ,p>5*yma1 ( a d>ki%  
,gre54 ,:]e) are mix$ "s few ,sap       
,vessels1 :i* give x t ,col\r4  #ab4 4  
,)9 ,?is1 /&s a scallop$ ,p>5*ym\s ,r+1 
or a ,r+ ( _m %ort & sl5d] :ite ,ar*es4 
,tab4 #ah4  ,:i* all r\nd ab\t ! ,b>que1
 meet+ toge!r1 run 9 s _m :ite          
,diametral ,portions1 or extream small  
,rays1 into ! ,pi?4  #ac4 4 ,betwixt ^! 
:ite ,rays1 & next ( all to ! said :ite 
,ar*es1 /& z _m small ,p>cels (         
,sap-,vessels1 l s _m little            
,half-,ovals4 ,)9 ea* ( :i*1 is includ$ 
a :ite ,p>5*yma4  #ad4 4 ,on ! inn]     
,v]ge ( ! ,b>que1 /&s ano!r ,sort (     

,sap-,vessels1 9 "o sl5d] & entire ,r+4 
,& s f> goes ! ,b>que4  #ae4 4 ,next )9 
?is ,r+ /& ! ,a]-,vessels1 9 sev]al     
,p>cels1 diametrically opposite to !    
said :ite ,p>5*ym\s ,p>cels next )\t !  
,sap-,r+4  #af4 4 ,la/ ( all1 & m )9 !  
,pi?1 /& ! same k9d ( ,sap-,vessels1 z  
^? ( ! ,half-,ovals4 ,bo? ^!1 by small  
l9es1 run "o into ano!r2 ?us1 on bo?    
sides1 hemm+ 9 ! ,a]-,vessels1 & s mak+ 
altoge!r1 s _m little ,pyramids4   #ag4 
4 ,,let a ,fif? be t ( ,holyoak4 ,9 :i*1
 ! ,curiosity ( ,nature1 is /ill m      
copi\s3 pres5t+ u1 z x seems1 ) ,?ree   
sorts ( ,lymphducts2 ,( :i*1 two yield a
 ,?92 ! ,?ird1 a ,?ick ,lympha4 ,= be+  
cut1 z be=e1 next to ! ,sk91 /&s !      
,b>que2 some:at close1 &1 9 proportion1 
,?ick4  #ah4 4 ,t[>ds ! inn] ,v]ge h]e(1
 /& "o sort ( ,sap-,vessels1 po/ur'd 9  
%ort ,rays4 ,^! ,vessels yield a        
,mucilage4 ,& on ! inn] ,v]ge ( !       
,b>que1 /&s a ,?9 ,r+ ( o!r             
,sap-,vessels1 :i* yield a ?9n] ,liquor4
  ,tab4 #ah4   #ai4 4 ,next )9 ! ,b>que 

/& ! ,a]-,vessels1 po/ur'd likewise 9   
%ort ,rays1 diametrically opposite to ^?
 9 ! ,b>que4 ,9 e ,ray1 !re are ab\t    
twelve or sixte5 ,vessels4  #bj4 4      
,la/ly1 & m )9 ! ,pi?1 !re /& o!r       
,sap-,vessels1 all 9 v ,?9 or ,sl5d]    
,ar*$-,l9es2 ?us hemm+ 9 ! sev]al       
,p>cels ( ,a]-,vessels4   #ba4 4 ,,= a  
,six?1 ,i w take t ( ,wild ,cucum]3     
,:]e9 is also f\nd a ,mucilag9\s        
,lympha4 ,= fir/ ( all1 next to ! ,sk91 
!re is a ,r+ ( ,sap-,vessels4 ,:i* ,r+  
is also radiat$1 ! ,rays1 all poynt+    
t[>ds1 & mo/ ( !m t]m9at+ on1 ! ,sk94   
,tab4 #ah4   #bb4 4 ,next ( all1 !re is 
a ?ick1 & simple ,p>5*ym\s ,r+4 ,on !   
inn] ,v]ge :]e(1 !re are o!r            
,sap-,vessels /&+ 9 ,p>cels1 also 9 a   
,r+4 ,s f> goes ! ,b>que4  #bc4 4 ,next 
)91 /& ! ,a]-,vessels1 9 z _m ,p>cels1  
contigu\s to ^? ( ! ,sap-,vessels       
a=esaid4 ,to :i* likewise are adjoyn$ z 
_m m ,p>cels ( ,sap-,vessels )9 ! ,pi?1 
opposite to ! said ,sap-,vessels )9 !   
,b>que4   #bd4 4 ,,= a ,sev5?1 we may   

*oose t ( ,scorzon]a4 ,9 :i*1 ! ,vessels
 are bo? ,lymphducts1 & ,lactif]\s4 ,all
 ( !m1 ) ! ,a]-,vessels1 9 a radiat$    
po/ure4 ,= fir/ next ! out] ,edg ( !    
,b>que1 /& ! ,lactif]\s1 9 little       
,specks4  ,tab4 #ah4  ,next to ^!1 on ! 
inn] ,edg ( ! ,b>que1 /& ! ,lymphducts1 
9 ! same =m4  #be4 4 ,h]eunto adjac5t1  
on ! out] ,edg ( ! ,pi?1 /& !           
,a]-,vessels1 "s 9 ,specks1 & "s 9      
extream %ort ,l9es2 h>dly di/+ui%$1 )\t 
a v nice ,inspection4  #bf4 4 ,)9 ,^!1  
are plac$ o!r ,lymphducts1 opposite to  
^? 9 ! ,b>que4 ,& )9 ^! ,lymphducts1    
/ill 9 ! same radiat$ ,l9e1 run m ( !   
,milk-,vessels4   #bg4 4 ,,an ,,eigh?1  
may be t ( ,burdock2 ,:]e9 fir/1 !re are
 a ,sort ( ,lymphducts1 :i* /& 9 ,ar*$  
,p>cels1 r\nd ! ,trunk1 adjac5t to !    
,sk94  ,tab4 #ah4   #bh4 4 ,)9 ^!1 ab\t 
! middle ( ! ,b>que1 run !              
,milk-,vessels1 9 ! =m ( small r\nd     
,specks4  #bi4 4 ,next to ^! on ! inn]  
,edg ( ! ,b>que are plac$ o!r           
,lymphducts4 ,:i*1 toge!r ) m ( ! same 9

 ! ,pi?1 & ! ,a]-,vessels betwixt !m1 /&
 all 9 ,radiat$ ,l9es1 ( sev]al ,l5g?s1 
& all %>pn+ t[>ds ! ,c5tre4   #cj4 4    
,,let ! ,n9?1 be t ( ,endive3 ,9 :i* !re
 is also mu* curi\s ,"w4  ,tab4 #ah4    
,next to ! ,sk91 !re is1 fir/1 a ?ick & 
simple ,p>5*yma4 ,!n !re is a k9d (     
,undulat$ ,r+ ( ,milk-,vessels4 ,)9 :i* 
/& a ,sort ( ,lymphducts1 9 sev]al      
,p>cels2 "s1 9 ,ar*$ ,half-,ovals2 o!rs1
 9 %ort sl5d] ,rays4 ,betwixt ^!        
,p>cels1 _m ( ! ,milk-,vessels likewise 
/&4  #ca4 4 ,next !re is an undulat$ ,r+
 ( o!r ,lymphducts1 p>t+ z 9 mo/        
,trunks1 betwixt ! ,b>que & ! ,pi?4 ,)9 
:i*1 are ! ,a]-,vessels4 ,& )9 ,^!1 m   
,sap-,vessels4 ,bo? ( !m1 9 small       
,specks1 answ]able1 or opposite to !    
,rays 9 ! ,b>que4   ,tab4 #ah4  #cb4 4  
,i ,,%all give also "o or two ,examples 
( ,trees1 or ,arboresc5t ,plants2 ! ,v9e
 & ,common ,suma*4 ,9 a ,slice ( ! =m]  
cut transv]sly1 next ! ,sk91 !re is a   
,?9 ,b>que4 ,9 ! inn] "p :]e(1 adjac5t  
to ! ,wood1 /& ! ,lymphducts 9 sev]al   

,half-,oval ,p>cels1 opposite to s _m   
,radiat$ ,pieces ( ! ,wood4  #cc4 4 ,!  
,wood is divid$ into ! said ,pieces1 by 
z _m ,p>5*ym\s ,rays1 ins]t$ f ! ,b>que1
 & s cont9u\s !re)4  #cd4 4 ,)9 ^!      
,radiat$ ,pieces ( ,wood1 /& !          
,a]-,vessels2 ! l>ge/ ( :i*1 especially 
if held up aga9/ ! light1 are pla9ly    
visible to ! b>e ,eye4  #ce4 4 ,)9 !    
holl[ ( ! ,wood1 /&s ! ,pi?2 9 ! "y     
,gr[?s always l>ge4 ,9 ! utmo/ ,v]ge    
:]e(1 adjac5t to ! ,wood1 /& a few m    
,sap-,vessels ( ! same ,sort ) ^? 9 !   
,b>que4    ,tab4 #ah4  #cf4 4 ,,9 ,a l  
,slice ( ,common ,suma*1 contigu\s to ! 
hairy ,sk91 !re is a ,r+ ( ,lymphducts4 
,next to ?is a ,simple ,p>5*yma4 ,!n    
sev]al ,ar*$ ,p>cels ( ,lymphducts4 ,)9 
^!1 a ,r+ ( ,milk-,vessels4 ,& !n a ,r+ 
( o!r ,lymphducts4 ,?us f> ! ,b>que4    
#cg4 4 ,)9 ! ,b>que1 /&s ! ,wood1 divid$
 into sev]al ,portions1 by ! ,diametral 
,ins]tions divid$ f ! ,b>que4 ,9 ! ,body
 ( ! ,wood1 /& ! ,a]-,vessels1 v mu*    
small] ?an 9 ! ,v9e4  #ch4 4 ,! holl[ ( 

! ,wood is fill$ up ) ! ,pi?4 ,9 !      
,circumf]5ce ( :i*1 /&s a ,r+ (         
,lymphducts1 ( ! same sort ) ^? next to 
! ,wood )\t4  #ci4 4 ,all ! ,p>ts ( ^!  
,trunks1 may1 z ,i h n[ describ$ !m1 be 
obs]v$ )\t a ,microscope3 except+ !     
,bladd]s & numb] ( ,a]-,vessels4 ,yet   
,?ree ?+s are h]eunto necess>y2 viz4 a  
good ,eye1 a cle> ,light1 & a ,rasor1 or
 v ke5 ,knife1 :]e) to cut !m ) a smoo? 
surface1 & s z n to ,dislocate ! ,p>ts4 
#dj4 4 ,,^u ,inspection also by ! l5g?1 
!re are "s p>ticul>s1 common1 m or less1
 to mo/ ,plants1 yet bett] obs]vable 9  
"s1 ?an 9 o!rs4 ,z fir/1 ! ,reticulation
 ( ! ,vessels1 7=m]ly describ$7 n only 9
 ! ,wood1 b 9 ! ,b>que3  ,tab4 #ai4  :i*
 is evid5t 9 a "y ,bran* ( ,cor91 ^u ! v
 ,surface !re(1 :5 "s ( ! ,vessels beg9 
to be ca/ (f into ! ,sk94 ,& s1 by      
/ripp+ (f ! ,sk91 ^u ! ,surface ( !     
,wood4  #da4 4 ,9 cutt+ by ! l5g?1 z    
well z transv]sly1 ! "y ,fibres1 :i* gr[
 )9 ! ,wood 9 ! ,edg ( ! ,pi?1 are also 
se54 ,z likewise ! mann] ( ! ,d]ivation 

( ! ,p>ts ( ! ,bud f ! ,bran* or ,/alk2 
z 9 ,son*us4 ,!re are also _m ,v>ieties 
9 ! ,pi?1 su* z ^? h]eaft] m5tion$#eg   
:i* fall "u obs]vation only 9 cutt+ by !
 l5g?4       #eg ,*ap4 #d4              
,,*ap4 ,,ii4         ,( ! ,b>que1 z x   
appe>s ?r\gh a good ,microscope4   ,i   
,,n[ proce$ to a m p>ticul> ,description
 ( sev]al ,trunks & ,bran*es1 z !y appe>
 ?r\gh good ,glasses4  #a4 4 ,n[ !      
,trunk1 or ,bran* ( e ,tree1 ha? ,?ree  
,g5]al ,p>ts to be describ$2 sc4 !      
,b>que1 ! ,wood1 & ! ,pi?4 ,t likewise (
 e ,h]bace\s ,plant1 ha? ei!r ! same    
,?ree ,p>ts2 or else ,?ree ,p>ts        
,analog\s2 sc4 ! ,cortical1 ! ,lign\s1 &
 ! ,pi?y ,p>ts4  #b4 4 ,! ,b>que        
consi/e? ( two ,p>ts1 sc4 ! outmo/ or   
,sk91 & ! ,ma9 ,body4 ,! ,sk9 is g5]ally
 compos$1 9 "p1 ( v small ,vesicles or  
,bladd]s1 clu/]'d toge!r4 ,t is1        
orig9ally x is s2 b z ! ,plant gr[s1 !  
,sk9 dries1 & ! said ,bladd]s1 d v mu*  
%r9k up & disappe>4  #c4 4 ,among/ ^!   
,bladd]s ( ! ,sk91 !re are usually      

int]mix$ a sort ( ,lign\s ,fibres1 or   
,vessels1  ,tab4 #bj4  :i* run ?r\gh !  
l5g? ( ! sk92 z 9 ,mall[1 ,nettle1      
,borage1 ,?i/le1 & mo/ ,h]bs4 ,:i* is   
argu$ n only f ! ,t\ghness ( ! sk9 by   
means ( ! said ,vessels2 b 9 "s ,plants1
 may be pla9ly se51 z 9 ,teasle4 ,9 :i*1
 ! sev]al ,fibres1 :i* run by ! l5g? ( !
 ,/alk1 are also conjoyn$ by o!r small] 
ones1 :i* /& transv]sly4  #d4 4 ,:e!r !y
 are ,a]-,vessels1 or ,sap-,vessels1 is 
dubi\s4 ,=1 on ! "o h&1 because !y emit 
no ,sap1 or ble$ n1 & also /& adjac5t to
 ! ,a]2 'tis probable t !y are          
,a]-,vessels4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y may be   
,sap-,vessels2 not)/&+ t !y ble$ n3     
,because ! non-emission ( ,sap is n an  
infallible & conclud+ argum5t ( an      
,a]-,vessel4 ,= !re are "s ,plants :i*  
ble$ n4 ,:i* yet are furni%$ )          
,sap-,vessels1 z c]ta9ly z any o!rs :i* 
ble$4#eh       #eh ,b4 #b4 ,p4 #a4 c4   
#c4 4 #bb4  #e4 4 ,! ,sk9 ( ! ,trunk is 
sometimes visibly por\s4 ,b no :]e m1   
?an 9 ! bett] sort ( walk+ ,canes2 :]e !

 ,pores are s big1 z to be visible ev5  
to ! nak$ ,eye3 l to ^?1  ,tab4 #bj4    
:i* are obs]vable 9 sev]al p>ts ( !     
,ball ( ! ,h&1 & ^u ! ends ( ! ,f+]s &  
,toes4   #f4 4 ,,! ,ma9 ,body ( ! ,b>que
 consi/e? likewise ( two ,p>ts1 sc4     
,p>5*yma1 & ,vessels4 ,! ,p>5*yma is    
made up ( an innum]able company ( small 
,bladd]s clu/]'d toge!r4 ,diff]+ 9 no?+ 
f ^? a=esaid 9 ! ,sk92  ,tab4 #bb4      
,sequ5t4  sav+1 t !y are mu* l>g]2 &    
g5]ally r\nd]4  #g4 4 ,?is ,p>5*yma ( ! 
,b>que is ! same1 z to its ,sub/ance1   
bo? 9 ! ,root & ,trunk4 ,yet z to !     
,texture ( its ,p>ts1 9 ! "o1 & 9 ! o!r1
 !re is ,?is obs]vable diff]5ce1 viz4 ,t
 9 ! ,b>que ( ! ,root1 cut transv]sly1 !
 said ,p>5*yma 7z ha? be5 %ew'd7 is     
usually1 m or less1 dispos$ into        
,diametral ,rays2  ,tab4 #g1 #h1 #i4    
runn+ ?r\gh ! ,b>que1 aft] ! same mann]1
 z d ! ,h\r-,l9es ?r\gh ! ,m>g9 ( !     
,dial-plate ( a ,clock or ,wat*3 z 9    
,m>%-,mall[1 ,lovage1 ,melilot1 & o!rs4 
,:]eas "h 9 ! ,b>que ( ! ,trunk1 ! said 

,p>5*yma is r>ely ?us dispos$ into      
,diametral ,rays3  ,tab4 #bb4  ,seq4    
,nor :5 x is1 are ^? ,rays cont9u$ to ! 
,circumf]5ce ( ! ,b>que2 z 9 ! ,b>que ( 
! ,root !y frequ5tly are4  ,tab4 #ca1   
#cd1 c4  ,s 9 ,rhus or ,suma*1 al?\gh "p
 ( ! ,p>5*yma be dispos'd into          
,diametral ,rays3 yet are ^? ,rays      
ext5d$ n half way ?r\gh ! ,b>que4 ,s    
also 9 ,fig-tree1 ,worm-wood1 ,?i/le1 & 
o!rs4 ,:at is fur!r obs]vable 9 !       
,texture ( ! ,p>5*yma1 ,i %all %ew 9 !  
description ( ! ,pi?4   #h4 4 ,,!       
,vessels ( ! ,b>que1 are1 z ,i %all also
 %ew1 div]sify$ _m ways4 ,b !re are "s  
,?+s1 :]e91 9 all ,sorts ( ,plants1 !y  
agree4 ,fir/1 9 /&+1 mo/ num]\sly1 9 or 
ne>1 ! inn] ,m>g9 ( ! ,b>que4 ,secondly1
 9 be+ always1 & only ,sap-,vessels4 ,i 
h view$ s _m1 t at lea/1 ,i c securely  
affirm ?us mu*1 ,t if !re be any        
,het]oclital ,plants1 :]e9 !y are f\nd  
o!rwise1 !re is n ,"o1 9 ,five ,hundr$4 
,?irdly1 9 be+ always ,conjugat$ or     
,brac$ toge!r 9 ! =m ( ,net-"w4 ,al?\gh 

! ,numb] & ,di/ances ( ! ,braces1 are v 
diff]5t3  ,*ap4 #c4 ,tab4 #f4  z ,i h   
already %ew$ 9 ! ,anatomy ( ,roots4     
#i4 4 ,,! ,prop]ties1 :]eby ! said      
,vessels ( ! ,b>que are specificat$ &   
di/+ui%$ "o f ano!r1 bo? 9 ! same       
,plant1 & 9 ! sev]al ,species ( ,plants1
 are v _m4 ,:i* ,prop]ties1 are n       
,accid5tal1 b su* z %ew ! ,con/ant &    
,univ]sal ,design ( ,nature4 ,all :i*   
%all be demon/rat$ by ! ,description (  
sev]al ,qu>t]s ( ! ,slices1 ( s _m ,k9ds
 ( ,bran*es1 cut ,transv]sly3 & by !    
sev]al ,figures :i* repres5t !m4   #aj4 
4 ,,fir/ !n1 = ! ,elev5 fir/ ,qu>t]s1 ! 
,vessels ( ! ,b>que are only ( ,two     
,k9ds4  ,tab4 #bb4  ,seq4  ,& ^!1 9 !   
fir/ ,eight1 seem to be ,rorif]\s       
7describ$ also 9 ! ,anatomy ( ,roots7#ei
 & ^? :i* are common to mo/1 if n to all
 ,plants1 sc4 ! ,lymphducts4 ,yet 9 all 
! ,eight1 !y are1 9 respect bo? ( _!    
,proportion1 & ,position1 v diff]5t4 ,s 
9 ,hazel & ,a% !y are b few4 ,9 ,holly &
 ,b>b]ry m4 ,9 ,apple1 ,pe>1 ,plum1     

,elm1 /ill m num]\s4 ,& ( ^? ?ree       
,fruits1 9 an ,apple1 or ,plum1 m ?an 9 
a ,pe>4       #ei ,p4 #a4 c4 #c4 4 #bb4 
#aa4 4 ,aga91 z _! ,proportion1 s       
likewise _! ,position is div]s4 ,= 9    
,holly1 ! ,lymphducts or inn] ,vessels  
next to ! ,wood1 /& 9 ,rays4 ,yet s     
num]\s & close toge!r1 z to make "o     
,entire ,r+4  ,tab4 #bb1 #bc1 #bd4  ,9  
,hazel1 !y /& m 9 ,oblong ,p>cels4 ,9   
,b>b]ry1 !y /& likewise 9 ,p>cels1 b !y 
are s _m ,half-,ovals4 ,! utmo/ ,vessels
 or ,rorif]\s ( all ,?ree1 make a ,r+4  
#ab4 4 ,aga91 9 ,apple1 ,pe>1 & ,plum1 !
 ,lymphducts are ,radiat$4 ,! ,rorif]\s 
are nei!r ,radiat$1 nor make an entire  
,r+2  ,tab4 #be1 to #bh4  b /& 9        
,p]iph]ial ,p>cels4 ,mu* aft] ! same    
mann]1 !y also /& 9 ,elm4 ,9 ,a%1 !     
,vessels make ,two ,r+s2  ,tab4 #bi4  b 
nei!r ( !m ,radiat$3 ! inmo/ ,r+ or     
,lymphducts1 consi/+ ( ,ar*$ ,p>cels1 & 
! utmo/ or ,rorif]\s ,vessels1 ( ,r\nd  
ones4 ,& :]eas 9 all ! =ego+1 !         
,lymphducts are /ill contigu\s to !     

,wood2 & ! ,rorif]\s m or less1 di/ant f
 ! ,sk93 "h1 on ! contr>y1 ! =m] are    
di/ant f ! ,wood1 & ! latt] contigu\s to
 ! ,sk94  #ac4 4 ,& t ^! ,vessels 9 ea* 
,b>que ( ! said ,eight ,bran*es1 are (  
,two di/9ct ,k9ds1 seems evid5t1 z f "s 
o!r reasons1 s f h5ce2 ,9 t _!          
,positions are altoge!r ,het]og5e\s3    
,yet 9 bo? ,con/ant1 ,regul> & ,uni=m4  
,i say1 !re seems to be no ,reason1 :y !
 self same ,k9d or ,species ( ,vessels1 
%\ld h a diff]5t1 yea a contr>y         
,position 9 "o & ! same ,plant2 & t     
,contr>iety1 n ,accid5tal1 b ,regul> &  
,con/ant4   #ad4 4 ,,= ! ,?ree next     
,qu>t]s sc4 ! ,n9?1 ,t5? & ,elev5?1 !   
,vessels ( ! ,b>que are also diff]5t 9  
,numb]1 ,position1 ,size & ,k9d4  ,tab4 
#cj1 #ca1 #cb4  ,9 ,p9e1 :i* is !       
,elev5?1 !y are few]4 ,9 ,walnut1 !     
,n9?1 m4 ,9 ,fig1 ! ,t5?1 mo/ num]\s4   
#ae4 4 ,s = _! ,position4 ,9 ,p9e1 !    
inmo/ make a ,radiat$ ,r+4 ,! utmo/ /&  
/ragl+ up & d[n1 )\t any c]ta9 ord]4 ,9 
,wallnut ! inmo/ make also a ,radiat$   

,r+2 ,! utmo/ make a ,d\ble ,r+2 n      
,radiat$1 b ( ,r\nd ,p>cels4 ,9 ,fig1 ! 
inmo/ make also a ,radiat$ ,r+4 ,b !    
utmo/ make a ,d\ble & sometimes ,treble 
,r+1 n ( ,radiat$1 nor ,r\nd1 b ,ar*$   
,p>cels4  #af4 4 ,?irdly1 !y are also   
diff]5t 9 ,k9d4 ,^?1 ,i ?9k1 ( ! two    
=m]1 ,wallnut & ,fig1 are ?us diff]5t3  
^? c]ta9ly1 ( ! ,fig1 are s2 be+        
,lymphducts & ,lacteals4 ,! ,lymphducts 
make ! inmo/ ,radiat$ ,r+4 ,! outmo/ :i*
 make ! o!r ,r+s 9 ,ar*$ ,p>cels1 are ! 
,lactif]s4  #ag4 4 ,t !y are di/9ct     
,k9ds ( ,vessels1 is evid5t = two       
,reasons4 ,fir/1 f _! ,position 9 !     
,b>que2 :i* is altoge!r diff]5t1 z ha?  
be5 said4 ,secondly1 f ! mo/ app>5t     
,div]sity ( ! ,liquors or ,saps1 :i* !y 
conta91 & :i*1 ^u cutt+ ! ,bran*        
transv]sly1 d di/9ctly ,ble$ f !m4 ,:i* 
is "o way1 :]eby we d di/+ui% ! ,vessels
 ( ,animals !mselves4 ,z 9 ! ,liv]1 x 7 
h>d to say1 :i* is a ,blood-,vessel1 &  
:i* is a ,bile-,vessel1 :]e !y are v    
small1 if x 7 n = ! ,cont5ts ( !m bo?4  

#ah4 4 ,^? 9 ! ,b>que ( ,p9e1 are       
likewise ( ,two ,k9ds4 ,! inmo/ are     
,lymphducts1 z 9 ! two =m]4 ,! utmo/ are
 n ,milk-,vessels1 b ,gum-,vessels1 or  
,res9if]\s2 :i* /& /ragl+1 & s+ly1 ab\t 
! midle ( ! ,b>que4 ,out ( ^! ,vessels  
all ! cle> ,turp5t9e1 t drops f ! ,tree1
 do? issue4  #ai4 4 ,few1 b v great4 ,s 
t besides ! diff]5ce ( _! ,numb] &      
,position1 & ( ! ,liquors :i* !y conta91
 & ,ble$2 !re is yet a ,f\r?1 & t is1 _!
 ,size4 ,mo/ ( ^! ,turp5t9e ,vessels1   
be+ ( s wide a bore1 z to be app>5t to !
 nak$ ,eye3 &1 ?r\gh a good ,glass1     
above  ( an ,in* 9 ,diametre4 ,:]eas t (
 ! ,lymphducts1 c h>dly be discov]$ by !
 be/ ,microscope4  #bj4 4 ,! same       
,turp5t9e-,vessels ( ,p9e1 are likewise 
rem>kably bigg]1 n only ?an !           
,lymphducts1 b _m times1 ?an !          
,milk-,vessels !mselves3 z ^? ( ! ,fig1 
:i*1 9 comp>ison1 are exce$+ small2 e   
,ar*1 n be+ a s+le ,vessel1 b a ,p>cel  
or ,clu/] ( ,vessels2 ,:]eas "o s+le    
,gum-,vessel 9 ,p9e1 is sometimes z big 

z two :ole ,ar*$ ,clu/]s1 t is1 z "s    
,scores ( ! ,milk ,vessels 9 a          
,fig-tree4 ,& ! said ,gum-,vessels (    
,p9e1 be+ comp>$ ) ! ,lymphducts ( !    
same ,tree1 "o ,gum-,vessel1 by a       
mod]ate e/imate1 may be reckon$ ?ree or 
f\r hundr$ times wid] ?an a ,lymphduct4 
,! l prodigi\s diff]5ce may be obs]v$ 9 
! ,size ( ! sev]al ,k9ds ( ,vessels ( _m
 o!r ,plants4   #ba4 4 ,,! ,?ree next   
,qu>t]s ( ,bran*es1 are ( ,oak1 ,common 
,suma*1 & ,common ,wormwood4 ,9 !       
,b>que-,vessels :]e(1 !re is obs]vable  
"s f>!r ,v>iety4 ,= 9 all or 9 mo/ ( !  
above nam$1 !re are only ,two ,k9ds (   
,vessels 9 ! ,b>que4 ,b 9 ,ea* ( ^!1 !re
 are1 at lea/1 ,?ree ,k9ds4  #bb4 4 ,&  
fir/1 9 t ( ,oak !re are ,lymphducts1   
,rorif]\s1 & a ,sort ( ,res9if]\s4      
,tab4 #cc4  ,! inmo/ or ,lymphducts1    
make a ,radiat$ ,r+1 contigu\s to !     
,wood4 ,! utmo/ or ! ,rorif]\s make also
 a ,r+1 b n ,radiat$4 ,^? :i* are a sort
 ( ,ros9-,vessels1 /& 9 ,r\nd ,p>cels2 !
 great] ,p>cels betwixt ! ,two ,r+s (   

,rorif]\s & ,lymphducts2 & ! less]1     
betwixt ! ,rorif]\s & ! ,sk94  #bc4 4 ,t
 ^! la/ are diff]5t ,vessels f bo? !    
o!r1 seems evid5t1 f ! diff]5ce ( _!    
,position1 z a=esaid4 ,& t !y are a sort
 ( ,res9if]\s1 is argu$ f h5ce2 ,9 t1 n 
only ,galls are v full ( ,ros91 b t !   
,b>que ( ,oak x self is also some:at    
,res9\s4 ,= ! conveyance ( ^: ,res9\s   
p>ts1 x is mo/ unlikely t any o!r       
,vessels %\ld subs]ve1 b a peculi> ,k9d2
 :i* may !re=e be prop]ly call$         
,res9if]\s4   ,tab4 #cd4  #bd4 4 ,! next
 is a ,bran* ( ,common ,suma*4 ,9 !     
,b>que :]e(1 !re are likewise ,?ree     
,k9ds ( ,vessels4 ,fir/ ( all1 !re is a 
?ick ,radiat$ ,r+ ( ,lymphducts2 /&+ on 
! inn] ,m>g9 ( ! ,b>que1 contigu\s ) !  
,wood4 ,^! ,vessels exhibit _! ,lympha v
 app>5tly4 ,a second k9d ( ,vessels1 sc4
 ,rorif]\s1 are situate t[>ds ! out]    
,m>g9 ( ! ,b>que1 & are compos$ into    
di/9ct ,ar*$ ,p>cels1 all /&+ 9 a ,r+4  
#be4 4 ,betwixt ^! ,two ,k9ds /& !      
,milk-,vessels4 ,e s+le ,milk-,vessel   

be+ empal$ or hemm$ 9 ) an ,ar* (       
,rorif]\s4 ,! ,milk-,vessels are        
extraord9>y l>ge1 almo/ z !             
,gum-,vessels ( ,p9e2 s z di/9ctly to be
 obs]v$ )\t a ,microscope2 aft] !y are  
evacuat$ ( _! ,milk2 & )\t difficulty w 
admit a ,virg9al ,wy]2 be+ two or ?ree  
hundr$ times z big z a ,lymphduct4      
,besides ^! ,?ree sorts ( ,vessels1 !re 
is also a ,r+1 adjac5t to ! ,sk92 :i*   
seems to be ano!r sort ( ,rorif]\s4     
#bf4 4 ,! ,la/1 is a ,bran* ( ,common   
,wormwood4  ,tab4 #ce4  ,9 ! ,b>que     
:]e(1 !re are likewise ,?ree ,k9ds (    
,vessels4 ,fir/ ( all1 !re is a ?9      
,radiat$ ,r+ ( ,lymphducts1 contigu\s ) 
! ,wood or on ! inn] ,m>g9 ( ! ,b>que4  
,yet ! ,r+ is n entire1 b made up (     
sev]al ,p>cels2 :i* are int]cept$ by z  
_m ,p>5*ym\s ins]t$ into ! ,pi?4  #bg4 4
 ,a ,second ,sort ( ,vessels1 :i* seem  
to be ,rorif]\s1 are situate ab\t !     
middle ( ! ,b>que3 & are compos$ into   
,ar*$ ,p>cels1 :i* likewise /& all ev5 9
 a ,r+4  #bh4 4 ,beyond ^! ,ar*es1 &    

t[>ds ! out] ,m>g9 ( ! ,b>que1 /& a     
,?ird ,sort ( ,vessels4 ,diff]5t f !    
,milk-,vessels 9 ,suma*1 bo? z to _!    
,situation1 ,size & ,cont5t4 ,= 9       
,suma*1 ! ,milk-,vessels /& )9 ! ,ar*$  
,lymphducts3 :]eas ^! 9 ,wormwood1 /&   
)\t !m4 ,likewise1 be+ ! ,vessels ( an  
,h]b1 !y are f> less2 sc4 ab\t ! compass
 or wid? ( a small ,:eat-,/raw4 ,_!     
,cont5t1 is n a ,milk1 b a liquid1 mo/  
,ole\s & viscid ,gum4 ,or :i*1 = its    
pleasant ,flav\r may be call$ an        
,aromatick ,balsom4 ,= x p]fectly give? 
:atev] is 9 ! ,smell & ,ta/e (          
,wormwood3 be+ ! ,ess5ce ( ! :ole       
,plant1 :i* nature treasure? up 9 ^!    
,vessels4 ,s t !y are1 9 all respects1  
analog\s to ! ,turp5t9e ,vessels 9 ,p9e4
 ,!re are div]s o!r ,h]bs & ,trees1 :i* 
9 ! l ,vessels1 conta9 a ,turp5t9e1 or r
 ,aromatical ,balsom2 z ,angelica1      
,hel5ium & o!rs2 ! ,vessels be+ s v     
l>ge1 t !y may be easily trac$ ) a      
knife1 9 cutt+ by ! l5g? ( a ,bran* or  
,/alk4  #bi4 4 ,:e!r 9 "s ,plants1 !re  

are n m ,sorts ( ,vessels1 9 ! ,b>que1  
?an h be5 n[ m5tion$1 ,i _c say3 ,?\gh  
we h n mu* reason to d\bt ( x4 ,because 
we see1 !re is s great v>iety 9 !       
,visc]a ( ,animals4 ,= :at ! ,visc]a are
 9 ,animals2 ! ,vessels !mselves are 9  
,plants4   #cj4 4 ,,conc]n+ ! ,=m &     
,texture ( ! ,lymphducts1 !re are "s    
?+s1 :i* ?\gh !y are be/ obs]v$ 9 !     
,wood1 yet 9 reg>d ,i am n[ describ+ !  
said ,vessels1 ,i %all "h !re=e add4 ,i 
h already said1 & %ew$1 9 ! =m] ,books1 
,t ! ,lign\s & ,t[y ,p>ts ( all ,plants1
 are ,tubul>y4 ,& t ! ,lympha is        
convey$1 by ! l5g? ( a ,plant1 ?r\gh an 
innum]able company ( small ,tubes or    
,pipes4  #ca4 4 ,! ,"q may be yet fur!r 
put3 ,if ! ,t[y ,p>ts ( ! ,b>que are    
made ( ,tubes1 ,:at are ^! ,tubes       
!mselves made up (8 ,i answ]1 ,t ^!     
,tubes or ,lymphducts1 are n only       
!mselves ,organical2 b _! v ,sides also1
 seem to be compos$ ( o!r ,p>ts1 :i* are
 ,organical1 sc4 ( ,lign\s or ,t[y      
,fibres4  ,tab4 #dj4  ,:i* ,fibres1 /&+ 

close or contigu\s 9 a r\nd ,figure1 !y 
make "o ,tubul>y ,body1 :i* ,i call !   
,lymphduct ( a ,plant4 ,& x is probable1
 ,t ^! ,fibres !mselves1 are also       
,tubul>y4 ,t is1 t a ,lymphduct1 is a   
small ,tube1 made up or compos$ ( o!r1  
yet mu* small] ,tubes1 set r\nd toge!r 9
 a ,cyl9drick ,figure4 ,z if we %\ld    
imag9e a company ( ,/raws1 :i* are s _m 
small ,pipes1 to be joyn$ & set r\nd    
toge!r1 s z to make ano!r great] ,pipe1 
answ]able to a holl[ ,cane4 ,! ,cane1 ,i
 say1 is z ! ,lymphduct2 & ! ,/raws are 
z ! ,fibres :]e( x is compos$4 ,by :i*  
also appe>s1 ! admirable smallness ( ^! 
,fibres4 ,= !re are "s ,lymphducts1 :i* 
may be reckon$ fifty times small] ?an a 
,horse-,hair4 ,all[+ !re=e b ,tw5ty ( ! 
a=esaid ,fibres to make a ,?r$ s big z  
"o ,lymphduct2 !n "o ( ! said ,fibres1  
mu/ be a ,?\s& times small] ?an a       
,horse-,hair4 ,t ^! ,fibres1 :]e( !     
,lymphducts are made1 are !mselves made 
up ( o!r ,fibres1 is n altoge!r         
improbable4  #cb4 4 ,^! ,fibres1 al?\gh 

p>allel2 yet are !y n coalesc5t1 b only 
contigu\s2 be+ conta9$ toge!r 9 a       
,tubul>y ,figure1 by ! ,weftage ( !     
,cortical ,fibres1 z 9 ,*apt] ! ,f\r? w 
bett] be und]/ood4  #cc4 4 ,! fir/      
notice ,i took ( ! ,composition &       
,texture ( ^! ,vessels1 s f> z ! be/    
,glasses yet kn[n1 w admit2 0 9 a v :ite
 & cle> piece ( ,a%-wood torn1 ) "s c>e1
 by ! l5g? ( ! ,tree1 & object$ to a    
prop] ,light4 ,!y seem also sometimes   
disc]nable 9 "s o!r cle> ,woods1 z 9 v  
:ite ,fir1 c4 ,& hav+ =m]ly demon/rat$1 
t ! ,lign\s ,"p ( a ,plant1 is annually 
made or augm5t$ out ( ! inn] "p ( !     
,b>que1 :]e9 ! ,lymphducts always /&3 we
 may reasonably suppose ! same          
,lymphducts to h ! l ,con=mation 9 !    
,b>que1 z 9 ! ,wood4  #cd4 4 ,& ,i am ! 
r induc$ to believe1 t ,i am n mi/ak5 9 
?is ,description1 ^u ^! two             
,consid]ations4 ,fir/1 t h]e9 ! ,analogy
 betwixt ! ,vessels ( an ,animal & a    
,plant1 is ! m cle> & prop]4 ,= z !     
,sangu9e\s ,vessels 9 an ,animal are    

compos$ ( a numb] ( ,fibres1 set r\nd1 9
 a ,tubul>y ,figure1 toge!r3 s are ^!   
,lymphducts ( a ,plant4 ,secondly1 9 t  
h]e91 !re is a m g5u9e respond5ce       
betwixt ^!1 & ! o!r ,vessels ( a ,plant 
x self2 sc41 ! ,a]-,vessels2 :i* are    
made up ( a c]ta9 numb] ( ,r\nd ,fibres1
 /&+ collat]ally1 or side to side z ,i h
 already obs]v$ 9 ! ,anatomy ( ,roots4  
,s t x is ! less /range1 t ! ,lymphducts
 %\ld be made up ( ,fibres1 s9ce !      
,a]-,vessels are evid5tly s made4 ,only 
) ?is diff]5ce1 t :]eas 9 !             
,a]-,vessels1 ! ,fibres are po/ur$ or   
cont9u$ ,spirally3 "h1 9 ! ,lymphducts1 
!y /& & are cont9u$ only 9 /raight      
,l9es4   #ce4 4 ,,! ,,/ructure ( !      
,lactif]\s & ,gum-,vessels1 :i* h a v   
ample ,bore1 is m app>5t4  ,tab4 #bj4   
,&1 by ! be/ ,glasses ,i h yet us$1 !y  
seem to be made1 *iefly1 by !           
,con/ipation ( ! ,bladd]s ( ! ,b>que4 ,t
 is to say1 ,t !y are s _m ,*anels1 n   
made or b\nd$ by any walls or sides     
prop] to !mselves1 z a ,quil ?ru/ into a

 ,cork1 & z ! ,a]-,vessels are 9 !      
,wood3 b only by ! ,bladd]s ( !         
,p>5*yma2 :i* are s po/ur$ & cr\d$ up   
toge!r1 z to leave c]ta9 ,cilyndrick    
,spaces1 :i* are cont9u$ by ! l5g? ( !  
,b>que4  #cf4 4 ,"o diff]5ce betwixt !  
,vessels or ,*anels n[ describ'd1 & !   
,tubul>y ,holl[s & o!r ,ap]tures 9 !    
,pi?1 is ?is2 ,t ^! nev] exi/ orig9ally 
) ! ,pi?2 b are s _m ,ruptures sup]v5+  
to x 9 its ,gr[?4 ,caus$1 p>tly1 by !   
,/ret* or ,t5t] x suff]s f ! ,dilatation
 ( ! ,wood3#fj & p>tly1 ! dry+1 & s !   
,%r9k+ up ( its ,bladd]s1 & ( ! ,fibres 
:]e( !y are compos$4 ,:]eas ! said      
,vessels 9 ! ,b>que1 are _m ( !m        
orig9ally =m$ !re)4 ,& ^? :i* are       
po/-nate1 n made by any ,rupture1 b only
 su* a ,disposition ( ! ,p>5*ym\s       
,fibres1 & ,con/ipation ( ! ,bladd]s1 z 
is !reunto conv5i5t4       #fj ,b4 #a4  
c4 #c4 4 #bb1  #bc4  #cg4 4 ,9 p>+ !    
,b>que ( a ,bran* ( ,p9e1 ,suma*1 c4 !y 
appe>1 nei!r p>allel1 nor any :]e       
,inosculat$3 b run1 ) "s little         

obliquities1 di/9ct "o f ano!r1 ?r\gh ! 
l5g? ( ! ,bran*3 & s1 we may believe1   
?r\gh ! l5g? ( ! ,tree4                 
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                           
,( ! ,,wood4   ,,! next g5]al ,"p ( a   
,bran*1 is ! ,wood2 :i* lye? betwixt !  
,b>que & ! ,pi?4 ,& ?is likewise ev]more
 consi/e? ( ,two ,g5]al ,p>ts1 sc4 ( a  
,p>5*ym\s ,"p1 & t m prop]ly call$      
,lign\s4 ,! ,p>5*ym\s ,"p ( ! ,wood1    
?\gh mu* div]sify$1 yet 9 ! ,trunks (   
all ,trees :atsoev]1 ha? ?is prop]ty1   
,to be dispos$ into _m ,rays1 or        
,diametral ,ins]tions1 runn+ betwixt s  
_m ,lign\s ,portions1 f ! ,b>que to !   
,pi?3 z 9 any ( ! ,qu>t]s "h be=e u may 
appe>4  #b4 4 ,b ^! ,ins]tions are mu*  
div]sify$1 accord+ to ! sev]al ,sorts ( 
,plants4 ,s 9 ,b>b]ry1 ,a%1 ,p9e1       
,worm-wood1 !y are less num]\s4  ,tab4  
#bb1 to #ce4  ,9 ,elm1 ,wallnut1 ,fig1  
,suma*1 !y are m4 ,& 9 ,holly1 ,pe>1    
,plum1 ,apple1 ,oak1 ,hazel1 are mo/    
num]\s4  #c4 4 ,! same ,ins]tions1 9    
,b>b]ry1 ,wormwood1 & "s 9 ,oak1 are v  

,?ick4 ,9 ,p9e1 ,fig1 ,a%1 ( a middle   
,size4 ,9 ,pe>1 ,holly1 & mo/ ( !m 9    
,oak1 are exce$+ ,small4  ,ibid4  ,aga91
 9 ,b>b]ry1 ,elm1 ,a%1 ,suma*1 ,fig1 !y 
are ( an ,equal ,size4 ,9 ,holly1       
,hazel1 ,pe>1 ,plum1 ,oak1 !y are v     
,unequal3 "s ( ^? 9 ,holly1 be+ ,f\r or 
,five times ?ick] ?an ! re/2 9 ,plum1   
,six or ,sev5 times2 & 9 ,oak1 ,t5 times
 at lea/4  #d4 4 ,9 "s ,plants1 !y are  
,equidi/ant2 9 o!rs1 n3 9 "s1 ! ,great  
ones are ,equidi/ant2 9 o!rs1 ! ,less]2 
9 o!rs1 bo?2 9 "s1 nei!r4 ,:i* ,v>ieties
 are n accid5tal2 b con/ant to !        
,species 9 :i* !y are sev]ally f\nd4    
#e4 4 ,!y are n always visibly cont9u$ f
 ! ,circumf]5ce to ! ,c5tre ( ! ,wood3 b
 9 "s ,bran*es1 z ( ,suma*2 & 9 mo/     
,trunks ( _m ye>s gr[?1 decl9+1 9 "s    
places1  ,tab4 #cd4  "u or ov]1 f a     
,level1 are !reby1 ^u a ,transv]se      
,section1 9 "p cut away4  #f4 4 ,!y h   
yet "o m ,div]sity1 :i* is1 ,t 9 div]s (
 ! a=esaid ,bran*es1 !y run n only ?r\gh
 ! ,wood2 b also %oot out beyond x1 into

 "s ,"p ( ! ,b>que1 z 9 ,elm1 ,suma*1   
,wormwood1 c4  ,tab4 #bh1 #cd1 #ce4     
,:]eas 9 ,p9e1 & "s ( ! re/ !y ei!r keep
 n di/9ct f ! o!r p>ts ( ! ,p>5*yma ( ! 
,b>que2  ,tab4 #cb4  or are s small1 z n
 to be di/+ui%$ !re f4  #g4 4 ,!        
,texture likewise ( ^! ,ins]tions is    
some:at v>i\s4  ,tab4 #ce4  ,= 9        
,wormwood1 & mo/ ,h]bs1 !y are manife/ly
 compos$ ( small ,bladd]s3 diff]+ 9 no?+
 f ^? ( ! ,b>que or ,pi?1 sav+1 9 _! be+
 mu* less4 ,yet 9 ,h]bs1 !y are mu* l>g]
 ?an !y are 9 ,trees4  ,tab4 #cf1 #cg4  
,& 9 _m ,trees1 z ,apple1 ,pe>1 ,plum1  
,p9e1 c4 !y are ei!r q lo/1 or s squeez$
 & press$ toge!r by ! h>d ,wood /&+ on  
bo? sides1 z to be almo/ undisc]nable4  
#h4 4 ,s t al?\gh ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que 
or ,pi?1 & ! ,ins]tions 9 ! ,wood1 are (
 ! same ,specifick ,nature or ,sub/ance3
 yet !re is ?is diff]5ce betwixt !m2 ,t 
! ,fibres ( ! =m]1 are s ,nett$ toge!r1 
z to leave sev]al r\nd ,vacuities2 or to
 make a great _m little ,bladd]s1 :]eas1
 9 ! latt]1 !y are usually s f> cr[d$   

up1 z to run 7z :5 a ,net is /ret*$ out7
 l a ,ske9 ( ,p>allel ,?r$s4  #i4 4 ,(  
^! ,ins]tions 9 ! ,wood1 x is fur!r     
obs]vable1 ,t !y d n only run betwixt ! 
,lign\s ,portions2 b t _m ( _! ,fibres  
are likewise all along di/ribut$ to !   
sev]al ,fibres1  ,tab4 #dj4  ( :i* !    
,lign\s ,portions consi/1 & are int]wov5
 ) !m2 bo? toge!r ?us mak+ a piece (    
,l9sy-,woolsy ,"w1 or l _m o!r          
,manufactures 9 :i* ! ,w>p & ! ,wo( are 
( diff]5t ,sorts ( ,/uff3 z 9 ! end ( ! 
,f\r? ,*apt] is fur!r expla9$4   #aj4 4 
,,! ,,wood is likewise comp\nd$ ( ,two  
,sorts ( ,bodies2 ,t :i* is /rictly     
,woody2 & ! ,a]-,vessels mix$ h]e)4 ,!  
true ,wood is no?+ else b a mass (      
antiquat$ ,lymphducts1 viz4 ^? :i* 7    
orig9ally plac$ on ! inn] ,m>g9 ( !     
,b>que4 ,= 9 t place1 !re gr[s1 e ye>1 a
 new ,r+ ( ,lymphducts4 ,:i* los+ its   
orig9al s(tness by degrees1 at ! latt]  
end ( ! ye>1 is turn$ into a dry & h>d  
,r+ ( p]fect ,wood4  #aa4 4 ,s t e ye>1 
! ,b>que ( a ,tree is divid$ into ,two  

,p>ts1 & di/ribut$ two contr>y ways4 ,! 
out] ,"p falle? (f t[>ds ! ,sk92 & at   
l5g? becomes ! ,sk9 x self4 ,9 l mann]1 
z ha? be5 obs]v$ ( ! ,sk9 ( ! ,root4 ,or
 z ! ,cuticula 9 ,animals1 is b !       
effloresc5ce ( ! ,cutis4 ,i say1 t !    
eld] ,sk9 ( a ,tree1 is n orig9ally made
 a ,sk92 b 0 once1 "s ( ! midle "p ( !  
,b>que x self1 :i* is annually ca/ (f1 &
 dry$ into a ,sk93 ev5 z ! v ,sk9 ( an  
,add]1 ^u ! gradual g5]ation ( a new "o 
und]nea?1 9 "t1 becomes a ,sl\gh4 ,!    
inmo/ portion ( ! ,b>que1 is annually   
di/ribut$ & add$ to ! ,wood3 ! ,p>5*ym\s
 ,"p !re( mak+ a new addition to !      
,ins]tions )9 ! ,wood2 & ! ,lymphducts a
 new addition to ! ,lign\s pieces       
betwixt :i* ! ,ins]tions /&4 ,s t a ,r+ 
( ,lymphducts 9 ! ,b>que ?is ye>1 w be a
 ,r+ ( ,wood ! next2 & s ano!r ,r+ (    
,lymphducts1 & ( ,wood1 successively1 f 
ye> to ye>4 ,s ! ,table1 = an           
,apple-,bran*1  ,tab4 #be1 #bd1 #cd1    
#bh4  %ewe? a qu>t] ( a ,slice ( a      
,bran* cut transv]sly1 ( ,?ree ye>s     

gr[?3 ,t ( ,b>b]y1 ( ,two2 ,t ( ,suma*1 
( ,"o only2 ,t ( ,elm1 ( ,five4  #ab4 4 
,h]eby two ?+s maybe ! bett] not$4      
,fir/1 ! diff]5ce betwixt ! degrees ( ! 
annual gr[?s ( sev]al ,trees3 ?ree ye>s 
gr[? 9 an ,oak1 be+ z ?ick z five 9 an  
,elm4  ,tab4 #cc1 #bh4  ,secondly1 !    
diff]5ce betwixt ! ,annual gr[?s ( !    
same ,tree2 be+ n ( a con/ant           
proportion1 b v>y+ 9 ?ickness1 z x %\ld 
seem1 accord+ to ! season ( ! ye>3 :]eby
 x may appe>1 :at season1 or k9d ( ye>1 
do? mo/ ( all fav\r1 ! latitud9al gr[?1 
or ! ?ick5+ ( any ,tree4  #ac4 4 ,!     
,lymphducts ?us antiquat$ or turn$ into 
,wood1 d r>ely1 if ev]1 ,ble$3 b only   
transmit a k9d ( ,dewy or ,vapor\s ,sap4
 ,& "s ( !m1 z 9 ! ,he>t ( "s ,trees1 x 
is probable1 ,t !y transmit n any ,sap1 
ei!r 9 ! =m ( a ,liquor1 or a ,vap\r3 & 
s be+ gradually depriv$ ( _! ,wat]y     
,p>ts1 become ! ,he>t4  #ad4 4 ,!re is  
?is fur!r v>iety 9 ! ,wood2 repres5t$ 9 
,walnut1 ,fig & ,oak4 ,t "s c]ta9 p>cels
 h]e(1 make ei!r sev]al small & :ite    

,r+s1 z 9 ,oak2 or else div]s :ite &    
crook$ ,p>cels1 transv]se to !          
,ins]tions1 z 9 ,wallnut & ,fig4  ,tab4 
#cj1 #ca1 #cc4  ,= x seeme?1 t1 at      
lea/19 _m ,trees1 "s portion ( all !    
,k9ds ( ,vessels 9 ! ,b>que1 are n only 
annually di/ribut$ to ! ,wood1 b d      
likewise !re9 reta9 ! same1 or some:at l
 ,position1 :i* !y orig9ally _h 9 !     
,b>que4 ,s t z all ^? bigg] & d>k]      
,portions ( ! ,wood1 7 orig9ally1 !     
,radiat$ ,lymphducts ( ! ,b>que3 s !    
little :ite ,circles1 or ,p>cels (      
,circles1 9 ! same ,wood1 7 orig9ally   
ano!r sort ( ,sap-,vessels 9 ! ,b>que1  
sc4 ^? :i* h a circul> ,position !re94  
#ae4 4 ,9 ! ,bran*es ( ,fir1 ,p9e1 &    
o!rs ( ! same ,k9dr$1 !re are "s few    
,turp5t9e-,vessels scatt]$ up & d[n !   
,wood2  ,tab4 #cb4  & repres5t$ by !    
l>g] ,black ,spots4 ,:i* ,vessels are   
eadem num]o1 ! self same1 :i* did once  
app]ta9 to ! ,b>que2 & d ev5 "h also 9 !
 ,wood1 conta9 & yield a liquid         
,turp5t9e4 ,only1 be+ p9*$ up by !      

,wood1 !y are become mu* small] ,pipes4 
#af4 4 ,,! ,a]-,vessels1 ) ! ,ins]tions1
 & true ,wood1 altoge!r make up ,t1 :i* 
is commonly call$1 ,! ,wood ( a ,tree4  
,! ,a]-,vessels ,i s call1 n 9 t !y nev]
 conta9 any ,liquor2 b1 because all !   
pr9cipal "t ( ! gr[? ( a ,plant1 :5 !   
,vessels ( ! ,b>que are fill$ ) ,liquor1
 ^! are fill$ only ) a ,vegetable ,a]4  
#ag4 4 ,9 almo/ all ,plants1 n "o 9 "s  
hundr$s except$1 ?is is prop] to !      
,a]-,vessels2 ,to h a mu* m ample ,bore 
or ,cavity1 ?an any o!r 9 ! ,wood4 ,9 ! 
,wood1 ,i say2 = 9 ! ,b>que1 !re are _m 
,sap-,vessels bigg] ?an ! bigge/        
,a]-,vessels t be4  #ah4 4 ,! ,v>ieties 
h]e( are v _m2 9 respect bo? ( _!       
,numb]1 ,size1 & ,position2 be+1 z to   
^!1 ! same1 9 no two ,sorts ( ,plants   
:atsoev]4 ,fir/ 9 respect ( _! ,numb]4  
,s 9 ,hazel1 ,apple1 ,pe>1 !y are v     
num]\s2 b 9 diff]5t degrees3 & are      
repres5t$ 9 ! ,figures already ref]r$   
to1 by all ! black spots 9 ! ,wood4     
,tab4 #bc1 #be1 #bf4 #bb1 #bd1 #bg4 #bi1

 #cj1 #cc4 #cb4  ,9 ,holly1 ,plum1      
,b>b]ry some:at num]\s4 ,9 ,oak1 ,a%1   
,walnut few]4 ,9 ,p9e1 & o!rs ( t       
,k9dr$1 v few2 sc4 few] ?an 9 any o!r   
k9d ( ,plant4  #ai4 4 ,secondly1 9      
respect ( _! ,size2 :i* f ! fir/ or     
greate/1 to ! lea/1 may be comput$      
easily to ab\t ,tw5ty ,degrees4 ,?us1 _m
 ( ^? 9 ,elm1 ,a%1 ,wallnut1 ,fig1 ,oak1
 are v l>ge4 ,9 ,b>b]ry1 ,plum1 n s     
l>ge4 ,9 ,hazel1 ,suma*1 small]4 ,9     
,holly1 ,pe>1 ( a /ill small] ,size4    
,tab4 #bh1 #cc4 #bb1 #bf4  ,s t _m ( ^? 
9 ,elm1 or ,oak1 are ,tw5ty times bigg]1
 ?an ^? 9 ,holly or ,pe>4  #bj4 4 ,9 an 
ord9>y joynt$ ,cane1 !y are s wide1 t if
 y take "o a y>d1 or a y>d &  long1 &   
putt+ "o end into a ,bas9 ( ,wat]1 y bl[
 /rongly at ! o!r2 y\r ,brea? w         
imm$iately pass1 ?r\gh ! ,a]-,vessels1 !
 l5g? ( ! ,cane1 s z to raise up ! ,wat]
 into a great _m ,bubbles4  #ba4 4 ,& z 
!y h a diff]5t ,size 9 div]s ,k9ds (    
,plants2 s likewise1 accord+ to ! place 
:]e !y /&1 9 ! self same4 ,s 9 ,holly1  

,hazel1 ,apple1 _! ,size is m equal     
?r\gh\t ! br$? ( ! ,tree4  ,tab4 #bb1   
#bc1 #be4 #bd1 #bh1 #bi4 #cc4  ,b 9     
,b>b]ry1 ,elm1 ,oak1 ,a%1 v diff]5t3 ,n 
=tuit\sly1 b always mu* aft] ! same     
mann]4 ,= 9 all ! la/ nam$ ,bran*es1 !  
,a]-,vessels /& 9 ! inn] m>g9 ( ea*     
annual ,r+1 are all va/ly bigg]1 ?an any
 ( ^? t /& 9 ! out] "p ( ! ,r+4  #bb4 4 
,?irdly1 ^! ,a]-,vessels are also       
diff]5t 9 _! ,situation4 ,s 9 ,apple1   
,wallnut1 ,fig1 !y are spread all abroad
 9 e annual ,r+2  ,tab4 #be1 #cj1 #ca4  
n be+ posit$ 9 any "o c]ta9 ,l9e4 ,9    
o!rs1 !y keep m )9 ! compass ( "s ,l9e  
or ,l9es2 ei!r ,diametral1 or ,p]iph]al4
  ,tab4 #bb4 #bc1 #cb4  ,s 9 ,holly !y  
are ,radiat$1 or run 9 ev5 ,diametral   
,l9es betwixt ! ,pi? & ! ,b>que4 ,s also
 are "s ( !m 9 ,hazel2 & "s few 9       
,wallnut4  #bc4 4 ,:e!r !y /&           
,irregul>ly1 or are ,radiat$1 x is to be
 not$1 ,t ,nature1 = ! mo/ "p1 s        
dispose? ( !m1 t _m ( !m may /ill /& v  
ne> ! ,ins]tions4 ,s 9 ,apple1 %e w r   

decl9e mak+ an ev5 ,l9e2 or 9 ,holly1 w 
r break t ,l9e into ,p>cels1 ?an t !    
,a]-,vessels %all /& remote f !         
,ins]tions4 ,to :at end ?is is done1    
%all be said h]eaft]4  #bd4 4 ,aga91 9  
,a%1 ! ,a]-,vessels are none ( !m       
,radiat$1 b mo/ ( !m /& 9 ,circles on ! 
inn] ,m>g9 ( e annual ,r+4  ,tab4 #bd4  
#bi4 #bh4 #bf1 #bg4  ,:i* ,circle is    
sometimes v ?ick1 z 9 ,a% & ,b>b]ry4 ,9 
o!rs b ?91 ! ,vessels /&+1 = ! mo/ "p1  
s+le ?r\gh\t ! ,circles2 z 9 ,elm4      
,sometimes aga91 !y bo? make a ,circle1 
& are also spread abroad2 z 9 ,pe> &    
,plum4  #be4 4 ,^? likewise :i* are     
spread abroad1 are sometimes ,regul>ly  
posit$4  ,tab4 #bd4  ,s 9 ,b>b]ry1      
besides ^? l>g]1 t make ! ,circle1 !re  
are o!r small] ones1 t /&1 9 oblique    
,l9es1 a?w>t "o ano!r2 almo/ l a ,b5d1  
or sometimes1 an entire or brok5 ,saltyr
 9 an ,escut*eon4  ,tab4 #cc4 #ch4  ,9  
,oak1 !y make r c]ta9 ,columns1 9 !     
po/ure ( ! ,pale4 ,& 9 ,elm1 !y make1 z 
x 71 _m cross ,p>cels1 9 ! po/ure ( !   

,fess4  #bf4 4 ,?is great diff]5ce 9 !  
,size & ,position ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 9 ! 
same individual ,plant1 is "o gr\nd1 =  
:i*1 ,i ?9k x probable1 ,t !re are div]s
 ,k9ds ( ,a]-,vessels1 z well z (       
,sap-,vessels4 ,ev5 z 9 ,animals1 !re   
are div]s ,k9ds ( ,organs = ,spiration1 
& ! sep>ation ( ,a]3 ,fi%es hav+ _!     
,bran*i2 ,l&-,animals _! ,lungs2 & ^? 9 
,frogs1 c4 be+ ( a some:at peculi> ,k9d4
   #bg4 4 ,,! ,=m & ,texture ( ^!       
,vessels1 & ! v>i\s ways :]eby !y may be
 be/ obs]v$1 ,i h already describ$ &    
%ew$ 9 my ,anatomy ( ,roots4  ,p4 #a4 c4
 #d4  ,z to _! ,=m1 "o ?+ rem>qu$ 0 ?is2
 ,t !y are nev] ,ramifi$1 b di/9ctly    
cont9u$ f "o end ( a ,plant1 small or   
great1 to ! o!r3 z ! ,n]ves are 9       
,animals4 ,a fur!r & easie pro( :]e(1   
may be made1 only by hold+ up a piece ( 
an ord9>y ,cane1 ab\t  a foot long1 cut 
v smoo? at bo? ends1 aga9/ a full light3
 :]eupon1 if y keep x 9 a /raight ,l9e  
betwixt ! ,light1 & ! ca/ ( y\r ,eye1 & 
!n look /eadily1 y may see q ?r\gh x1 t 

is1 ?r\gh ! ,a]-,vessels1 :i* run       
/raight along ! ,cane f end to end4     
#bh4 4 ,z to _! ,texture2 :]eas1        
(t5times1 ! ,a]-,vessels appe> to be    
unroav$ 9 ! =m ( a v small ,plate1 x is 
to be not$1 ,t x is n only ( diff]5t    
br$?1 9 div]s ,plants1 & usually mu*    
broad] 9 ! ,root1 ?an 9 ! ,trunk3 b     
also1 t 9 ! ,trunk1 _m times1 ! said    
,vessels are unroav$ or resolv$1 n 9 !  
=m ( a ,plate1 b ( a ,r\nd-,?r$4 ,!     
,causes ( :i* ,div]sity1 are pr9cipally 
,?ree2 viz4 ,! ,weftage ( ! ,fibres (   
:i* ! ,a]-,vessels consi/2 ,! def]5ce   
betwixt ! said ,fibres1 or betwixt !    
,w>p & ! ,wo(2 ,& ! diff]5t ,k9ds (     
,wo(4  #bi4 4 ,by ! ,weftage ( !        
,fibres1 x is1 ,t ! ,vessels1 (t5times1 
unroave 9 ! =m ( a ,plate4 ,z if we %\ld
 imag9e a piece ( f9e n>r[ ,ribb&1 to be
 w\n'd spirally1 & ,edg to ,edg1 r\nd   
ab\t a ,/ick2 & s1 ! ,/ick be+ drawn    
out1 ! ,ribb& to be left 9 ! ,figure ( a
 ,tube1 answ]able to an ,a]-,vessel4 ,= 
t :i*1 ^u ! unroav+ ( ! ,vessel1 seems  

to be a ,plate1  ,tab4 #ci4  or "o s+le 
,piece1 is1 z x 71 a ,natural ,ribb&1   
consi/+ ( sev]al ,pieces1 t is1 a c]ta9 
numb] ( ,?r$s or ,r\nd ,fibres1 /&+     
p>allel1 z ! ,?r$s d 9 an ,artificial   
,ribb&4 ,& z 9 a ,ribb&1 s "h1 ! ,fibres
 :i* make ! ,w>p1 & :i* are ,spirally   
cont9u'd2 al?\gh !y run p>allel1 yet are
 n coallesc5t2 b conte9$ toge!r1 by o!r 
,transv]se ,fibres 9 ! place ( a ,wo(4  
#cj4 4 ,& z ! said ,fibres are          
transv]sly cont9u$1 !reby mak+ a ,w>p & 
,wo(3 ,s are !y 7z 9 div]s wov5         
,manufactures7 ( v diff]5t ,bulk2 ^? ( !
 ,=m]1 be+ mu* bigg]1 & !re=e mu*       
/rong]1 ?an ^? ( ! ,latt]4 ,by :i*      
means1 z ,clo? or ,silk w (t5 ,te> "o   
way1 & n ano!r2 s "h1 :ile ! ,w>p or ^? 
,fibres :i* are ,spirally cont9u$1 are  
usually unroav$ )\t break+2 ^? small]   
ones1 by :i* !y are /it*$ or wov5       
toge!r1 easily te> 9 sund] all ! way4   
#ca4 4 ,& because ! ,fibres ( ! ,wo(1   
are !mselves also ( diff]5t ,bulk2 !re=e
 x is1 ,t :]e !y are m /urdy1 z usually 

9 ! ,root1 !y require a great] quantity 
( ,w>p1 t is1 a broad] ,plate1 to       
ov]mat* !m4 ,:]eas1 :]e !y are m extream
 small1 z 9 ! ,trunk & ,leaves1 "o ,?r$ 
( ! ,w>p1 t is1 "o ,spiral ,fibre1 w be 
/rong en\gh ( x self1 & s1 sometimes1 be
 s+ly unroav'd4  #cb4 4 ,f ! extream    
,t5uity ( ^! ,fibres1 x is1 ,t !y are v 
r>ely disc]n'd1 & n )\t ! greate/       
difficulty4 ,z also1 f _! great         
,t5d]ness2 :]eby n endur+ to be drawn   
out1 !y all break (f close to ! ,sides (
 ! ,spiral ones4 ,9 ! ,pi?1 ! l         
,transv]se ,fibres are a little m       
visible3 :i* fir/ conduct$ ,me to !     
notice ( !m "h also4  #cc4 4 ,all !     
,fibres ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 bo? ! ,w>p & !
 ,wo(1 are ( ! same ,sub/antial ,nature 
) ! ,pi? & ! o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( a    
,plant4 ,f :5ce x is1 ,t :]eas ! ,t[y   
,p>ts ( a ,plant1 :]e( all ,l95         
,manufactures are made1 are v ,/rong &  
,t\gh2 ^!1 z is abovesaid1 are extream  
,t5d] & ,brittle1 l ^? ( ! ,pi? & all ! 
,pi?y ,p>ts4 ,to :i* !re=e1 !           

,a]-,vessels are to be ref]r'd4 ,& !    
,cont5t ( bo?1 is (t5times ! same4  #cd4
 4 ,f :5ce1 we h a fur!r pro( ( :at ,i h
 =m]ly ass]t$1 :i* is1 ,t 9 all ,plants1
 !re are ,two ,sub/antially diff]5t     
,p>ts1  ,b4 #a4 c4 #g4 4 #ac4 #ad4  & no
 m ?an ,two1 viz4 ! ,pi?y1 & ! ,t[y or  
,lign\s ,p>ts4  #ce4 4 ,f h5ce also we h
 "s gr\nd to conjecture1 ,t s _m ( !    
,a]-,vessels1 at lea/1 :i* are n =m$ ) !
 se$1 b po/-nate1 are orig9at$ f !      
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts2 :i* seem by "s         
alt]ation 9 ! ,quality1 ,position &     
,texture ( ! ,fibres1 to be ,trans=m$   
into ,a]-,vessels1 z ,cat]pill>s are    
into ,flies4 ,& z ! ,pi? x self1 by !   
,rupture & ,%r9k+ up ( sev]al ,r[s (    
,bladd]s1 do? (t5times become ,tubul>y3 
,s is x also probable1 t 9 ! o!r        
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 "o s+le ,r[ or ,file ( 
,bladd]s ev5ly & p]p5dicul>ly pil$2 may 
sometimes1 by ! %r9k+ up ( _!           
,horizontal ,fibres1 all regul>ly break 
"o into ano!r & s make "o cont9u$       
,cavity2 or a ,tube1 ^: ,diametre is !  

same ) t ( ! ,bladd]s1 :]( x is compos$4
 ,all :i*1 w appe> m probable1 & :at ha?
 be5 said1 be yet bett] und]/ood1 :5 we 
come1 9 ! next ,*apt]1 to ! ,description
 ( ! ,pi?4                              
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                            
,( ! ,,pi?4  ,,! ,?ird ,g5]al ,"p ( a   
,bran* is ! ,pi?4 ,:i* ?\gh x h a       
diff]5t "n f ! ,p>5*yma 9 ! ,b>que1 & ! 
,ins]tions 9 ! ,wood2 yet1 z to its     
,sub/ance1 x is ! v same ) !m bo?4 ,:]e(
 !re is a d\ble evid5ce1 sc4 _!         
,cont9uity1 & ! sam5ess ( _! ,texture4  
,_! ,texture %all be %ew$ pres5tly4 ,z  
to _! ,cont9uity1 x is to be not$1 ,t z 
! ,sk9 is cont9u\s ) ! ,p>5*yma ( !     
,b>que2 & ?is ,p>5*yma likewise1 ) !    
,ins]tions 9 ! ,wood2 s ^! ,ins]tions   
aga91 runn+ ?r\gh ! ,wood1 are also     
cont9u\s ) ! ,pi?4 ,s t ! ,sk91         
,p>5*yma1 ,ins]tions1 & ,pi?1 are all   
,"o entire piece ( ,"w2 be+ only fill$  
up1 9 div]s mann]s1 ) ! ,vessels4  #b4 4
 ,! ,size ( ! ,pi? is v>i\s1 be+ n !    
same 9 any two ,bran*es "h repres5t$4   

,tab4 #bd1 #ca1 #cd1 #ce4 #bb1 #bi1 #cj1
 #cb4 #bc1 #be1 #bf1 #ce4 #bg4 #bh4  ,9 
,wormwood1 ,suma*1 ,fig1 ,b>b]y1 'tis v 
l>ge2 sc4 betwixt #e1 & #g ,in*es       
,diametre1 z x appe>s ?r\gh !           
,microscope4 ,9 ,p9e1 ,a%1 ,holly1      
,walnut1 n s l>ge2 f #c ,in*es ,diamet] 
to #d4 ,9 ,oak1 ,apple1 ,pe>1 ,hazel1   
less]1 sc>ce f #b1 to #c4 ,9 ,damasc5e1 
n above an ,in* & half4 ,& 9 ,elm1 sc>ce
 an ,in* ,diamet]4 ,note also1 t ( all  
,plants1 bo? ,h]bs1 & ,%rubs1 h g5]ally 
! l>ge/ ,pi?s1 9 proportion ) ! o!r     
,p>ts ( ! same ,bran*1 z 9 ,suma*1 ,fig1
 ,b>b]y1 is manife/4  #c4 4 ,x is also  
wor? ! not+1 ,t :]as1 9 mo/ ,plants1 !  
,b>que & ,wood d bo? gr[ ?ick] e ye>3 ! 
,pi?1 on ! contr>y1 gr[e? m sl5d]2 ,s t 
9 a ,bran* ( "o ye>s gr[?1 x is app>5tly
 m ample1 ?an 9 "o ( two2 & 9 a ,bran* (
 two1 ?an 9 "o ( ?ree2 & s on4  #d4 4 ,!
 ,pi?1 = ! mo/ "p1 if n always1 9 !     
,bran*1 z well z ! ,root1 is furni%$ ) a
 c]ta9 numb] ( ,sap-,vessels4 ,!y are "h
 usually s po/ur'd1 z to make a ,r+ on !

 ,m>g9 ( ! ,pi?4 ,:]e !y are m num]\s1  
or l>ge1 !y are m evid5t2 z 9 ,walnut1  
,fig1 ,p9e1 & o!rs4 ,!y are also ( div]s
 ,k9ds1  ,tab4 #cj1 #ca1 #cb4  answ]able
 to ^? 9 ! ,b>que2 z 9 ,wallnut1        
,lymphducts2 9 ,fig1 ,lacteals2 9 ,p9e1 
,res9if]\s4  #e4 4 ,! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,pi? 
is compos$ ( ,bladd]s4 ,:i* are ! v same
 ) ^? 9 ! ,b>que1 & (t5times 9 !        
,ins]tions )9 ! ,wood4 ,only ^! 9 !     
,pi?1 are ( ! l>ge/ ,size2 ^? 9 !       
,b>que1 ( a less]2 & ^? ( ! ,ins]tions  
lea/ ( all3 = :i* reason !y are less    
obvi\s ?an 9 ! ,pi?4  #f4 4 ,! ,bladd]s 
( ! ,pi?1 ?\gh always comp>atively      
,great2 yet are ( v diff]5t ,sizes4 ,be+
 easily di/+ui%$1 ev5 z to _!           
,horizontal ,area1 to ,tw5ty ,degrees4  
,tab4 #bd1 #ca4  ,^? ( ,fig1 ,b>b]ry1 & 
"s o!rs1 are some:at l>ge4 ,& ( _m      
,h]bs1 z ( ,?i/le1 ,borage1 & o!rs1     
,tab4 #ci4  ?ree times z big aga92      
appe>+ 9 ! ,microscope1 l to ! l>ge/    
,cells ( an ,hony-comb4 ,^? ( ,plum1    
,worm-wood1 ,suma*1 less4 ,( ,elm1      

,apple1 ,pe>1 less]4 ,( ,holly & ,oak1  
/ill less4  ,tab4 #cb4  ,s t ! ,bladd]s 
( ! ,pi? 9 ,borage or ,common ,?i/le1   
are ( t ,size1 z to conta91 )9 ! compass
 only ( _! ,horizontal ,area1 ab\t tw5ty
 ,bladd]s ( ! ,pi? ( ,oak4 ,:]e=e "o    
:ole ,bladd] 9 ,?i/le1 is1 at lea/ an   
hundr$ times bigg]1 ?an ano!r 9 ,oak4   
#g4 4 ,( ! ,size ( ^! ,bladd]s ( ! ,pi?1
 'tis also to be not$1 ,t x do? n at all
 foll[ ! ,size ( ! ,pi? x self2 b is    
/ill v>i$1 accord+ z ,nature designe? ! 
,pi? = v>i\s use4 ,?us1 :]eas ! ,pi? (  
,suma*1 is ,l>g] ?an t ( ,b>b]ry2 x     
might be ?\ght1 t ! ,bladd]s1 :]e( x is 
compos$1 %\ld be likewise ,l>g]3 ,yet   
are !y ,?ree times z ,small aga9 9      
,suma*1 z !y are 9 ,b>b]ry4  ,tab4 #bd1 
#cd4 #bf1 #bg4 #bc1 #cc4  ,s ! ,pi? (   
,plum1 is f> ,less ?an t ( ,pe>2 yet !  
,bladd]s ( ! =m] are ,f\r or ,five times
 z big1 z ^? ( ! latt]4 ,s ! ,pi? (     
,hazel is almo/ ,?ree times z ,little   
aga91 z t ( ,holly2 yet ! ,bladd]s 9    
,hazel1 are ,t5 times bigg]1 ?an 9      

,holly4  #h4 4 ,! ,%ape ( ! ,bladd]s ha?
 also "s ,v>iety4 ,= al?\gh1 = ! mo/ "p1
 !y are m r\nd2 yet (t5times !y are     
angul>3 z 9 ,re$-grass1 a ,wat]-plant2  
:]e !y are ,cubical2 & 9 ,borage1       
,?i/le1 & _m o!rs1 :]e !y are p5tangul>1
 sexangul> & septangul>4  #i4 4 ,( !    
,texture ( ! ,bladd]s1 'tis also to be  
not$1 t _m times1 ! ,sides ( ! great]   
,bladd]s are compos$ ( less]2 z is (t5  
se5 9 ^? ( ,borage1 ,bulru%1 & "s o!r   
,plants4 ,9 ! same mann]1 z !           
,sap-,vessels1 are b great] ,fibres made
 up ( less]4  #aj4 4 ,! ,pi?1 ?\gh      
always orig9ally compos$ ( ,bladd]s1 & s
 ,"o ,entire ,piece2 yet 9 process1 z ! 
,plant gr[s up1 x ha? div]s op5+s or    
,ruptures made 9 x3 (t5times v regul>ly1
 & always = good use1 & ) con/ancy      
obs]v$ 9 ! same ,species ( ,plants4 ,9  
,%>p-poynt$ ,dock1 _m ( ! ,pores are    
consid]ably prolong$ by ! l5g?1 l small 
,pipes4  ,tab4 #ai4  ,9 ,walnut x %r9ke?
 up into transv]se ,filmes or           
,membranes2 z likewise sometimes 9      

,spani%-,broom4 ,sometimes ! ,pi? is    
holl[ or ,tubul>y3 ei!r ?r\gh\t !       
,trunk1 z 9 ,?i/le1 ,endive1 ,scorzon]a1
 ,m>%-,mall[3 or s1 z to rema9 entire at
 e joynt2 z 9 ,son*us1 ,nettle1 ,teasle2
 9 :i* x is divid$ z x 7 into sev]al    
,/ories3 & div]s o!r ways4   #aa4 4 ,i  
,,%all conclude ?is disc\rse ) a fur!r  
illu/ration ( ! ,texture ( ! ,pi?1 & ( !
 :ole ,plant1 z consequ5t !reupon4 ,i   
say !re=e1 7& h giv5 "s acc\nt h]e( 9 ! 
,anatomy ( ,roots7 ,t z ! ,vessels ( a  
,plant1 sc4 ! ,a]-,vessels & !          
,lymphducts are made up ( ,fibres2      
accord+ to :at ,i h 9 ?is ,disc\rse     
above said2 s ! ,pi? ( a ,plant1 or !   
,bladd]s :]e( ! ,pi? consi/s are        
likewise made up ( ,fibres4 ,:i* is true
 also ( ! ,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que4 ,& also (
 ! ,ins]tions 9 ! ,wood4 ,yea1 & ( !    
,fruit1 & all o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( a   
,plant4 ,i say1 t ! v ,pulp ( an ,apple1
 ,pe>1 ,cucumb]1 ,plum1 or any o!r      
,fruit1 is no?+ else b a ,ball ( mo/    
extream small transp>5t ,?r$s or        

,fibres1 all wrapp$ & /it*'d up 7?\gh 9 
div]s mann]s7 toge!r4 ,& ev5 all ^?     
,p>ts ( a ,plant1 :i* are nei!r =m$ into
 visible ,tubes1 nor into ,bladd]s1 are 
yet made up ( ,fib]s4 ,:i*1 ?\gh x be   
difficult to obs]ve1 9 any ( ^? ,p>ts   
:i* are clos] wr\ght & pr9cipally 9 !   
,ins]tions ( "s ,trees3 yet 9 ! ,pi?1   
especially ( "s ,plants1 :i* consi/e? ( 
m op5 "w1 !y are m visible4 ,:i*        
introduce? ! obs]vation ( !m 9 all o!r  
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts4 ,s 9 ! ,pi? ( a ,bulru%
 ( ! ,common ,?i/le1  ,tab4 #ch4  & "s  
o!r ,plants2 n only ! ,?r$s ( :i* !     
,bladd]s2 b also ! s+le ,fibres1 ( :i* !
 ,?r$s are compos$2 may sometimes ) !   
help ( a good ,glass1 be di/9ctly se54  
,yet "o ( ^! ,fibres1 may reasonably be 
comput$ to be a ,?\s& times small] ?an  
an ,horse-,hair4  #ab4 4 ,! ,fibrosity (
 ! ,p>5*yma is also visible 9 "s ,woods1
 9 :i*1 x is app>5tly mix$ ) ! ,lign\s  
,p>ts1 n only by ,ins]tions1 b p] m9imas
 ,p>tes organicas4 ,t is to say1 ,!     
,p>5*ym\s ,fibres1 l small] ,?r$s1 are  

ei!r wrap$ r\nd ab\t bo? ! ,lign\s & !  
,a]-,vessels1 or at lea/ int]wov5 ) !m1 
& ) e ,fib] ( e ,vessel3 z 9 v :ite ,a% 
or ,fir-,wood1  ,tab4 #ci4  ) an        
advantagi\s po/ure & light1 may be      
obs]v$4   #ac4 4 ,,:5ce x foll[s1 t !   
:ole ,sub/ance1 or all ! ,p>ts ( a      
,plant1 s f> z ,organical1 !y also      
consi/ ( ,fibres4 ,( all :i* ,fibres ^? 
( ! ,lymphducts1 run only by ! ,l5g? ( !
 ,plant3 ^? ( ! ,pi?1 ,ins]tions1 &     
,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que1 run by ! bread? or 
horizontally3 ^? ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 fet* 
_! ,circuit by ! ,bread?1 & cont9ue x by
 ! ,l5g?4  #ad4 4 ,by :i* means1 ! said 
,p>5*ym\s ,fibres1 9 fet*+ _! horizontal
 ,circles1 d ?us weave1 & make up !     
,bladd]s ( ! ,pi?1 9 ,op5-,"w4 ,& ! same
 ,fibres be+ !nce cont9u$2 !y also weave
 & make up ! ,ins]tions1 b 9 ,close-,"w4
 ,betwixt :i* ,ins]tions1 ! ,vessels be+
 likewise transv]sly int]ject$1 "s ( !  
same ,fibres wrap !mselves also ab\t ^!2
 ?us ty+ _m ( !m toge!r1 & s mak+ ^?    
sev]al ,conjugations & ,braces ( !      

,vessels1 :i* ,i h =m]ly describ$4 ,& z 
"s ( ^! ,horizontal ,fibres are wrap$   
ab\t ! ,vessels2 s also ab\t ! ,fibres1 
:]e( ! ,vessels are compos$4 ,by :i*    
means x is1 t all ! ,fibres ( ! ,vessels
 are ,tack$ or ,/it*$ up close toge!r   
into ,"o ,coh]5t ,piece4  ,tab4 #dj4    
,mu* aft] ! same mann]1 z ! ,p]p5dicul> 
,spl9t]s or ,twigs ( a ,basket1 are1 by 
^? t run 9 & out ,horizontally4 ,& !    
same ,horizontal ,fibres1 be+ /ill fur!r
 produc$ into ! ,b>que2 !y !re compose !
 same "w ov] aga9 7only n s op57 z 9 !  
,pi?4   #ae4 4 ,,s ,,t ! mo/ unfeign$ & 
prop] resemblance we c at pres5t1 make (
 ! :ole ,body ( a ,plant1 is1 ,to a     
piece ( f9e ,bone-,lace1 :5 ! ,wom5 are 
work+ x ^u ! ,cu%ion1 ,= ! ,pi?1        
,ins]tions1 & ,p>5*yma ( ! ,b>que1 are  
all extream ,f9e & ,p]fect ,lace-,"w3 ! 
,fibres ( ! ,pi? runn+ ,horizontally1 z 
d ! ,?r$s 9 a ,piece ( ,lace2 & b\nd+ ! 
sev]al ,bladd]s ( ! ,pi? & ,b>que1 z !  
,?r$s d ! sev]al ,holes ( ! ,lace2 &    
mak+ up ! ,ins]tions )\t ,bladd]s1 or ) 

v small ones1 z ! same ,?r$s likewise d 
! close ,p>ts ( ! ,lace1 :i* !y call !  
,clo?-,"w4 ,& la/ly1 bo? ! ,lign\s &    
,a]-,vessels1 /& all ,p]p5dicul>1 & s   
cross to ! ,horizontal ,fibres ( all !  
said ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts2 ev5 z 9 a ,piece (
 ,lace ^u ! ,cu%ion1 ! ,p9s d to !      
,?r$s4 ,! ,p9s be+ also conceiv$ to be  
,tubul>1 & prolong$ to any l5g?2 & !    
same ,lace-,"w to be wr\ght _m ,?\s&s ( 
times ov] & ov] aga91 to any ?ickness or
 hight1 accord+ to ! hight ( any ,plant4
 ,& ?is is ! true ,texture ( a ,plant3 &
 ! g5]al composure1 n only ( a ,bran*1 b
 ( all o!r ,p>ts f ! ,se$ to ! ,se$4    
,an ,acc\nt ( !                         
,,vegetation                            
,,(                                     
,,trunks                         ,gr\nd$
 ^u ! =ego+                             
,,anatomy4                              
,,"p ,,ii4  ,,hav+ be=e giv5 ! ,anatomy 
( ,trunks2 ,i %all next proce$ to see1  
:at ,use may be made !re(2 & pr9cipally1
 to explicate ! mann] ( _! ,vegetation4 

,9 do+ :i*1 t =m] ,me?od1 :i* ,i us$ 9  
%ew+ ! mann] ( ! ,gr[? ( ,roots1 ,i %all
 n exactly foll[4 ,= s1 9 reg>d !       
,organical ,p>ts ( ! ,root & ,trunk are 
! same1 & consequ5tly _! ,nutrition &   
,con=mation are effect$ 9 ! same way2 ,i
 %\ld h]eby be oblig$ to a nause\s &    
unpr(itable repetition ( _m ?+s already 
said4 ,! ,explication !re=e ( all ^?    
,p>ticul>s1 :i* m especially belong to !
 ,trunk1 or are m ,app>5t !re91 & n     
spok5 (1 or n s fully1 9 ! =m] ,books1 w
 be my pres5t ,task4 ,! *ief ,heads     
:]e(1 %all be ^! ,sev5 foll[+1 viz4     
,,fir/1 ! ,motion & ,c\rse ( ! ,sap4    
,,secondly1 ,! ,motion & ,c\rse ( ! ,a]4
  ,,?irdly1 ,! ,/ructure ( ! ,p>ts4     
,,f\r?ly1 ,! ,g5]ation ( ,liquors4      
,,fif?ly1 ,! ,figuration ( ,trunks4     
,,six?ly1 ,! ,motion ( ,trunks4         
,,sev5?ly1 ,& la/ly ! ,nature ( ,trunks 
z v>i\sly fitt$ = ,me*anical ,use4      
,,*ap4 ,i4                 ,( ! ,motion 
& ,c\rse ( ! ,sap4   ,,fir/1 z to !     
,c\rse ( ! ,sap1 !re are ,?ree ,p>ts 9  

:i* x move?2 sc4 ! ,pi?1 ! ,wood & !    
,b>que4 ,fir/ ! ,pi?2 9 :i* ! ,sap move?
 ! ,fir/ ye>1 & only ! ,fir/ ye>4 ,or1 x
 is ,proprium qu>to modo1 to ! ,pi? ( e 
,annual ,gr[?1 & to ! ,pi? ( su* a ,gr[?
 only1 ,to be succul5t4 ,t is1 :e!r ( a 
,spr\t f a ,se$1 or ( a ,suck] f a      
,root1 or ( a ,cyon f a ,bran*2 ,! ,pi? 
is always f\nd ! ,fir/ ye> full ( ,sap4 
,b ! ,second ye>1 ! same individual     
,pi?1 always becomes dry1 & s x cont9ues
 ev] aft]4  #b4 4 ,"o cause :]e( is1 t !
 ,lymphducts 9 ! ,b>que1 be+ ! fir/ ye> 
adjac5t to ! ,pi?2 !y d all t "t1       
transfuse "p ( _! ,sap into x1 & s keep 
x always ,succul5t4 ,b ! same           
,lymphducts1 ! ye> foll[+1 are turn$    
into ,wood2 & ! ,vessels :i* are !n     
g5]at$1 & c>ry ! ,sap1 /& beyond !m1 9 !
 ,b>que4 ,s t ! ,sap be+ n[ m remote f !
 ,pi?1 & int]cept$ by ! new ,wood1 x _c 
be transfus$1 ) t suffici5t =ce & pl5ty 
z be=e1 into ! ,pi?2 :i* !re=e1 f ! fir/
 ye>1 always cont9ues dry4   #c4 4 ,,!  
,,second ,"p 9 :i* ! ,sap moves1 sub =ma

 liquoris1 is ! ,wood4 ,:i* yet1 x do? n
 9 all ,plants1 b only 9 "s2 & visibly1 
9 v few2 z 9 ! ,v9e3 ,9 a ,v9e1 ,i say1 
! ,sap do? visibly asc5d by ! ,wood4 ,& 
?is x do?1 n only ! fir/ ye>1 b e ye>1 s
 long z ! ,v9e cont9ues to gr[4 ,b      
al?\gh ?is asc5t1 9 or ?r\gh ! ,wood1 be
 e ye>2 yet x is only 9 ! ,spr+1 = ab\t 
! space ( a ,mon?2 sc4 9 ,m>* & ,april4 
#d4 4 ,!re are _m o!r ,trees1 besides ! 
,v9e1 :]e91 ab\t ! same "t ( ! ye>1 !   
,sap asc5de?1 ?\gh n s copi\sly1 yet    
*iefly1 9 ! ,wood4 ,= if we take a      
,bran* ( two or ?ree ye>s gr[?1 suppose 
( ,sall[1 & hav+ fir/ cut ! same        
transv]sely2 if ! ,b>que be !n also     
transv]sely1 & ) "s =ce1 press$ ) ! back
 ( ! knife1 ne> ! newly cut end2 ! ,sap 
w v pla9ly rise up out ( ! utmo/ ,r+ (  
,wood4 ,& if x be press$ 9 ! same mann]1
 or a little m /rongly1 ab\t an ,in*    
l[]1 ! ,sap w asc5d out ( e ,r+ ( ,wood 
to ! ,c5t]4 ,yet at ! same "t1 :i* is to
 be not$1 !re arise? no ,sap at all out 
( ! ,b>que4  #e4 4 ,:5ce appe>s ! ,error

 ( t s ,common ,op9ion1 ,t ! ,sap always
 rise? betwixt ! ,wood & ! ,b>que4 ,!   
contr>y :]eunto is mo/ true1 ,t x nev]  
do?4 ,= ! great] "p ( ! ye>1 x rise? 9 !
 ,b>que1 sc4 9 ! inn] ,m>g9 adjac5t to !
 ,wood1 & 9 ,spr+1 9 or ?r\gh ! ,wood x 
self1 & !re only4   #f4 4 ,,! ,,?ird ,"p
 9 :i* ! ,sap asc5ds1 is ! ,b>que1 z 0  
above h9t$1 & may be obs]v'd 9 almo/ any
 ,bran*1 if cut cross1 9 ! late ,spr+ & 
9 ,summ]2 ei!r z ! ,sap issue?          
spontane\sly1 or ^u press+1 z a=esaid4  
,s t :5 ! ,sap cease? to asc5d1 sub =ma 
liquoris1 by ! ,wood1 !n x beg9s to     
asc5d by ! ,b>que4  #g4 4 ,besides !    
diff]5ce ( ,"t1 ! ,organical ,p>ts      
likewise1 9 :i* ^! two ,saps asc5d1 are 
div]s4 ,= 9 ! ,b>que1 x asc5de? visibly1
 only 9 ! ,succif]\s1 :]eas 9 ! ,wood1 x
 asc5de? only by ! ,a]-,vessels4   #h4 4
 ,,f :at ha? be5 said1 we may und]/&1   
:at is meant by ! ,ble$+ ( ,plants4 ,if 
we take x g5]ally1 x prop]ly en\gh      
expresses1 ,! eruption ( ! ,sap out (   
any ,vessels4 ,& s1 almo/ all ,plants1 9

 ,summ] "t1 d ,ble$1 t is1 f            
,sap-,vessels1 ei!r 9 ! ,b>que1 or 9 !  
,m>g9 ( ! ,pi?3 ! ,saps !y ,ble$1 hav+  
ei!r a ,s[]1 ,sweet1 ,hot1 ,bitt]1 or   
o!r ,ta/4 ,at :i* "t1 ! ,vessels also1 9
 ! ,b>que ( a ,v9e-,bran*1 d ,ble$ a    
,s[] ,sap4  #i4 4 ,b t :i* is vulg>ly   
call$ ,ble$+1 z 9 a ,v9e1 is q ano!r ?+2
 bo? z to ! ,liquor :i* issue?1 & !     
,place :]e x issues3 t is to say1 x is  
nei!r a ,sweet1 nor ,s[]1 b ,ta/eless   
,sap2 issu+1 n f any ,vessels 9 !       
,b>que1 b f ! ,a]-,vessels 9 ! ,wood4 ,s
 t !re is z mu* diff]5ce betwixt ,ble$+ 
9 a ,v9e1 or ! ,ris+ ( ! ,sap 9 any o!r 
,tree1 9 ,m>*1 & 9 ,july2 z !re is      
betwixt ,salivation & an ,hmorrhage2 or 
betwixt ! ,c\rse ( ! ,*yle 9 !          
,lactif]\s ,vessels1 & ! ,circulation ( 
! ,blood 9 ! ,art]ies & ,ve9s4   #aj4 4 
,,n[ ! ,cause f :5ce x comes to pass1 t 
! e>ly ,spr+-,sap ( a ,v9e1 & o!r       
,trees1 asc5de? by ! ,wood1 is1 ,9 t !  
,g5]ation ( ! "y ,sap-,vessels 9 !      
,b>que1 by :i* ! ,sap asc5de? all !     

,summ]2 is1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,spr+1 b newly 
attempt$4 ,s t ! ,sap hav+ n yet ^!     
,vessels to receive x1 x !re=e 7pro hac 
vice7 runs up ! ,a]-,vessels 9 ! ,wood4 
,b s soon z ! said ,vessels 9 ! ,b>que  
beg9 to be consid]ably encreas$1 ! ,sap1
 decl9+ ! ,a]-,vessels1 betakes x self  
to ,^!1 z its mo/ prop] ,receptacles4   
#aa4 4 ,,! ,,cause also1 :y ! ,vessels (
 almo/ all ,plants1 ^u cutt+1 d yield   
,sap1 or ,ble$2 is ! ,pressure :i* !    
,p>5*yma makes ^u !m4 ,= ! ,pi? & o!r   
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( a ,plant1 ^u !        
reception ( ,liquor1 h always a ,conatus
 to dilate !mselves4 ,z is manife/ f    
,sponges1 :i* are a ,sub/ance ( ! same  
,nature1 & h a some:at l /ructure4 ,z   
also f ,cork1 :i* is b ! ,p>5*yma or    
,b>que ( a ,tree4 ,i say !re=e1 t !     
,p>5*yma be+ fill'd & swell'd ) ,sap1   
ha? !reby a cont9ual ,conatus to dilate 
x self2 & 9 ! same degree1 to press     
toge!r or contract ! ,vessels :i* x     
surr\nde?4 ,& ! said ,vessels be+ cut1  
_! actual ,contraction & ! ,eruption ( !

 ,sap1 d bo? imm$iately foll[4   #ab4 4 
,,x may be also not$1 ,t ! ,trunk or    
,bran* ( any ,plant be+ cut1 x always   
ble$s at bo? ends1 or upw>ds & d[nw>ds1 
alike freely4 ,:i*1 z well z div]s o!r  
,exp]im5ts pla9ly %ews1 ,t 9 !          
,sap-,vessels ( a ,plant1 !re are no    
,valves4   #ac4 4 ,,f :at we h n[ above1
 & else:]e =m]ly said1 we may also      
und]/& ! mann] ( ! ,asc5t ( ! ,sap4 ,z  
to :i*1 ,i say1 ,fir/1 ,t consid]+ to   
:at height & pl5ty1 ! ,sap sometimes    
asc5ds2 x is n intelligible1 h[ x %\ld  
?us asc5d1 by virtue ( any "o ,"p ( a   
,plant1 alone2 t is nei!r by virtue ( ! 
,p>5*yma1 nor by virtue ( ! ,vessels1   
alone4 ,n by ! ,p>5*yma alone4 ,= ?is1 z
 x ha? ! ,nature ( a ,sponge or ,filtre1
 to suck up ! ,sap2 s likewise1 to suck 
x up b to a c]ta9 height1 z p]haps1 ab\t
 an ,in*1 or two1 & no m4  #ad4 4 ,nor  
by ! ,vessels alone1 = ! same reason4 ,=
 al?\gh we see1 t small ,glass-,pipes   
imm]s$ 9 ,wat]1 w give x an asc5t = "s  
,in*es2 yet !re is a c]ta9 p]iod1       

accord+ to ! bore ( ! ,pipe1 beyond :i* 
x w n rise4 ,we mu/ !re=e joyn !        
,vessels & ! ,p>5*yma bo? toge!r 9 ?is  
,s]vice2 :i* we may conceive p]=m$ by !m
 9 ! mann] foll[+4  #ae4 4 ,let ,a ,b be
 ! ,vessel ( a ,plant4 ,let ,c ,e ,d ,f 
be ! ,bladd]s ( ! ,p>5*yma1 :]e)1 z ) s 
_m little ,ci/]ns1 x is surr\nd$4  ,tab4
 #ci4  ,i say !n1 t ! ,sap1 9 ! ,pipe ,b
 ,a1 w\ld1 ( x self1 rise b a few       
,in*es2 z suppose1 f ,d to ,l4 ,b !     
,bladd]s ,d ,p1 :i* surr\nd x1 be+      
swell$ up & turgid ) ,sap1 d h]eby press
 ^u x2 & s n only a little contract its 
bore1 b also transfuse or /ra9 "s       
,portion ( _! ,sap !re9to3 by bo? :i*   
means1 ! ,sap w be =c$ to rise high]    
!re94 ,& ! said ,pipe or ,vessel be+ all
 along surr\nd$ by ! l ,bladd]s2 ! ,sap 
!re91 is /ill =c$ high] & high]3 !      
,bladd]s ( ! ,p>5*yma be+1 z is said1 s 
_m ,ci/]ns ( ,liquor1 :i* transfuse _!  
repeat$ ,supplies ?r\gh\t ! l5g? ( !    
,pipe4 ,s t by ! supply & pressure ( !  
,ci/]ns or ,bladd]s ,f ,d1 ! ,sap rise? 

to ,l2 by ! ,bladd]s ,q ,l1 x rises to  
,m2 by ! ,bladd]s ,n ,m1 x rises to ,i2 
by ! ,bladd]s ,o ,i1 x rises to ,k2 by !
 ,bladd]s ,p ,k1 x rises to ,e2 & s to !
 top ( ! ,tree4 ,& ?us f> ( ! ,motion ( 
! ,sap4                                 
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                 ,( !       
,motion & ,c\rse ( ! ,a]4   ,,! ,,next  
enquiry to be made1 is1 into ! ,motion &
 ,c\rse ( ! ,a]4 ,:]e ?is "q w fir/ (   
all be ask$2 sc4 ,:i* way ! ,a] fir/    
ent]s ! ,plant2 :e!r at ! ,trunk1       
,leaves1 & o!r ,p>ts above gr\nd2 or at 
! ,root8 ,i answ]1 ,t x ent]s 9 "p1 at  
!m all4 ,= ! ,reception1 z well z       
,extramission :]e(1 ! ,pores are s v    
l>ge1 9 ! ,trunks ( "s ,plants1 z 9 !   
bett] sort ( ?ick walk+ ,canes1 t !y are
 visible1 to a good ,eye1 )\t a ,glass2 
,tab4 #ai4  b ) a ,glass1 ! ,cane seems1
 z if x 7 /uck top full ( holes ) great 
,p9s3 be+ s l>ge1 z v well to resemble !
 ,pores ( ! ,sk9 9 ! end ( ! ,f+]s &    
,ball ( ! ,h&4  #b4 4 ,9 ! ,leaves (    
,p9e1 !y are likewise ?r\gh a ,glass1 a 

v ,elegant ,%[2 /&+ all mo/ exactly1 9  
rank & file1 ?r\gh\t ! l5g? ( ! ,leaves4
 ,! ,figure :]e( %all be giv5 h]eaft]1  
:5 we come to ! ,anatomy ( ! ,leaf4  #c4
 4 ,b al?\gh ! ,a] ent]s1 9 "p1 at !    
,trunk & o!r ,p>ts1 especially 9 "s     
,plants2 yet its *ief entrance1 is at ! 
,root4 ,ev5 z "s ,p>ts ( ,a]1 may       
cont9ually pass into ! ,body & ,blood1  
by ! ,habit1 or ,pores ( ! ,sk92 b !    
*ief entrance h]e(1 is at ! ,m\?4 ,& :at
 ! ,m\? is1 to an ,animal2 t ! ,root is 
to a ,plant4  #d4 4 ,aga91 if ! *ief    
entrance ( ! ,a]1 7 at ! ,trunk2 !n1    
be=e x c\ld be mix$ ) ! ,sap 9 ! ,root1 
x mu/ desc5d2 & s move n only contr>y to
 its own ,nature1 b likewise 9 a contr>y
 ,c\rse to ! ,sap1 ?r\gh\t ! ,plant4    
,:]eas1 by its ,reception at ! ,root1 & 
s its ,transition f !nce2 x ha? a m     
natural & easie motion ( ,asc5t4 ,= :ile
 ! ,sap asc5ds1 t ! ,a]1 9 ! same       
,plant1 %\ld cont9ually desc5d1 _c      
reasonably be suppos$4  #e4 4 ,! same is
 fur!r argu$1 ,f ! fewness & smallness (

 ! ,diametral ,portions 9 ! ,trunk 9    
comp>ison ) ^? 9 ! ,root4 ,9 :i* ,nature
 ha? pla9ly design$ ! same1 = !         
,sep>ation ( ! ,a] f ! ,sap1 aft] !y are
 bo? toge!r receiv$ !re9to4 ,s t !      
,reception & ,c\rse ( ! ,a]1 is made on 
?is mann] foll[+4   #f4 4 ,,! ,a] be+ a 
,spr+y ,body1 x ins9uates into all !    
,holes & ,cranies ( ! ,e>?2 & s is      
pl5tifully mix$ !re)4 ,:]eupon1 z ! ,sap
 ent]s ! ,root1 m or less ,a] /ill      
intrudes x self toge!r ) x4 ,! ,liquid  
,portion ( ! ,sap1 swells & fills up !  
,succul5t ,p>ts ( ! ,b>que4 ,! ,a]y ,"p1
 is1 z 0 said1 sep>at$ f ! ,liquid1 into
 ! ,diametral ,portions4 ,:i* runn+ f ! 
,b>que t[>ds ! ,c5tre ( ! ,root1 & s    
pass+ along betwixt ! ,a]-,vessels2 d   
h]eby convey ! ,a]y ,"p ( ! ,sap f !    
,b>que1 into ! same4  #g4 4 ,be+ ?us    
receiv$ into ! ,a]-,vessels1 & !        
,reception !re(1 by ! same means        
cont9u$2 x is by !m advanc$ into !      
,trunk4 ,9 :i* advance1 x is aga91 m or 
less1 disburs$ into all ! ,p>ts ( !     

,trunk1 z x goes4 ,p>tly1 inw>ds to !   
,pi?4 ,f :5ce1 ! ,pi? is always1 at     
l5g?1 fill$ ) ,a]4 ,p>tly1 into !       
,ins]tions2 by :i* x is convey$ outw>d  
into ! ,b>que4 ,:]e91 x is 9 "s "p1     
transfus$ ?r\gh ! ,sap3 & s ! re/1 ) "p 
( ! ,sap1 remitt$1 9 p]spirations1 back 
aga9 into ! ,a]4  #h4 4 ,s t1 :]eas !   
,diametral ,portions 9 ! ,root1 d s]ve  
to convey ! ,a] f ! ,sap 9 ! ,b>que1    
into ! ,a]-,vessels1 9 ! ,wood3 on !    
contr>y1 ! ,ins]tions "h 9 ! ,trunk1    
s]ve to convey ! ,a] f ! ,a]-,vessels 9 
! ,wood1 into ! ,sap1 9 ! ,b>que4       
,:]e=e1 z ! ,a]-,vessels advance ! ,a]1 
or ! ,a]y ,"p ( ! ,sap1 & s convey x by 
! l5g? ( ! ,trunk2 s ! ,ins]tions filt] 
x1 & convey x by ! bread?4   #i4 4 ,,& t
 ! ,ins]tions h ?is ,(fice or           
,subs]vi5ce unto bo? ,k9ds ( ,vessels2  
do? yet fur!r appe>1 if we consid]1 ,t !
 ,a]-,vessels are always s po/ur$1 z to 
t\* ^u ! said ,ins]tions1 or at lea/ to 
/& v ne> !m4 ,= ei!r !y are l>ge1 & s d 
frequ5tly t\* ^u !m on bo? sides2 z 9   

,elm1 ,a%1 ,wallnut1 c4  ,tab4 #bh4 #bi4
 #bb4  ,or if !y are small2 !n !y ei!r  
run along 9 ev5 l9es collat]al &        
(t5times contigu\s ) ! said ,ins]tions1 
z 9 ,holly3 or at lea/1 are             
reciprocally1 "s on "o side1 & "s on    
ano!r1 incl9$ to !m2 z 9 ,apple4  #be4  
,by all :i* means1 ! ,a] is m readily   
convey$ f ! ,vessels into ! ,ins]tions4 
#aj4 4 ,a fur!r evid5ce h]e( is ?is1 ,t 
g5]ally1 ! bigg] & ! m num]\s !         
,a]-,vessels be2 ! bigg]1 or at lea/1 ! 
m num]\s also are ! ,ins]tions3         
,especially1 if ! comp>ison be made 7z 9
 all o!r cases x ought to be1 z well z  
"h7 betwixt ! sev]al ,species ( ! same  
,k9d4 ,s ,cor91 :i* ha? small           
,a]-,vessels1  ,tab4 #ag4  ha? also v   
small ,ins]tions4 ,b ! ,v9e1 ha? bo? v  
l>ge3 & s = o!rs4  #aa4 4 ,:]e=e1 !     
,ins]tions m9i/] betwixt ! ,a]-,vessels1
 & ! ,succif]\s2 9 ! same mann]1 z !    
,vesicul ( ! ,lungs1 d betwixt ! ,bron*i
 & ! ,art]ies4 ,t is to say1 z 9 an     
,animal1 ! ,bron*i deposite ! ,a] into !

 ,vesicul ( ! ,lungs2 :i* adm9i/] x to !
 ,art]ies3 s 9 a ,plant1 ! ,a]-,vessels 
deposit ! ,a] into ! ,ins]tions1 t is   
into ! ,vesicul ( ! ,ins]tions2 by :i* x
 is gradually filtr$ (f into ! ,b>que & 
! ,sap-,vessels !re94                   
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                     ,( !  
,/ructure ( ! ,p>ts4   ,a ,,?ird        
enquiry1 is into ! ,g5]ation & ,/ructure
 ( ,p>ts4 ,! mann] :]e( ,i h already    
endeav\r$ to explicate#fa f ! ,anatomy (
 ! ,root1 ?r\gh\t all p>ticul>s4 ,"s    
:]e( ,i %all yet fur!r cle>4       #fa  
,lib4 #b4 ,p4 #b4  #a4 4 ,z ,fir/1 !    
,union ( ! ,b>que to ! ,body ( ! ,tree1 
,contr>y to ! common ,op9ion1 ,t !y are 
n cont9u\s2 b t ! ,b>que only surr\nds !
 ,body1 z a ,scabb>d does a ,sword1 or a
 ,glove ! ,h&4 ,z also seeme? to be     
prov$1 by ! easy ,slipp+ ( ! ,b>que (   
,will[1 & mo/ o!r ,trees1 :5 full (     
,sap1 f ! ,wood4  #b4 4 ,b1 not)/&+ ?is1
 !y are z truly cont9u\s1 z ! ,sk9 ( !  
,body is ) ! ,fle%3 sc4 by means ( !    
,p>5*yma2 :i* is "o entire ,body1 runn+ 

f ! ,b>que into ! ,wood1 & s unit+ bo?  
toge!r2  ,tab4 #ai4  z 9 a ,bran* ( ,v9e
 or ,cor9-,tree1 :5 ! ,b>que is /ripp$  
(f1 is app>5t2 ! ,spaces betwe5 ! sev]al
 ,p>ts ( ! ,wood1 be+ fill$ up ) !      
,p>5*ym\s1 ins]t$ f ! ,b>que4  #c4 4 ,n[
 ! reason :y ! ,b>que nev]!less slips s 
easily f ! ,wood1 is pla91 viz4 ,because
 mo/ ( ! "y ,vessels & ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts1 
are !re e ye> successively =m$2 t is1   
betwixt ! ,wood & ,b>que3 :]e ! said    
,p>ts newly =m$1 are z t5d]1 z ! t5d]e/ 
,vessels 9 ,animals4 ,& we may imag9e1  
h[ easie x 7 at once to te> or break a  
?\s& ,vessels or ,fibres ( an ,embrio1 (
 a ,womb or ,egg4   #d4 4 ,,! same      
,vessels ( ! ,b>que be+ always brac$1 & 
gradually fall+ (f1 toge!r ) ! ,p>5*yma1
 into ! utmo/ ,r9d3 ,h5ce x is1 t !     
,b>ques ( _m ,trees1 are z x 71  ,tab4  
#ai4  lattic$ ) sev]al ,cracks ( div]s  
,sizes1 & sometimes 9 ! ,figure (       
,rombs3 ! said ,fissures repres5t+ !    
,position & ,tract ( ! ,vessels 9 _!    
,braces4 ,h5ce also x is1 t ! ,b>que (  

"s ,trees1 z ( ,cor91 ,*]ry1 c4 falle?  
(f 9 ,r+s1 sc4 because ! ,sap-,vessels  
are posit$ 9 ! same mann] 9 ! ,b>que4   
#e4 4 ,! ,sap-,vessels1 z !y are g5]at$ 
at ! inn] ,v]ge ( ! ,b>que3 s likewise1 
9 a small quantity1 at ! utmo/ ,v]ge ( !
 ,pi?4 ,^! be+ n only f$ ) a m vigor\s  
,sap1 b ) great caution1 secur$ )9 !    
,wood1 = ! propagation ( ! succe$+      
,buds4  #f4 4 ,h5ce also x is1 t is1 by 
! annual accretion ( ^! ,vessels1 t !   
,pi? is sometimes less 9 ! ,trunk1 ?an 9
 ! ,bran*es2  ,tab4 #ah4  & less 9 !    
eld] ,bran*es1 ?an 9 ! y\ng]2 &         
sometimes 'tis almo/ :olly fill$ up4 ,by
 :i* means1 z ! ,bran*es c>ry e ye> a   
great] bur!n2 s !y become /ill m /urdy !
 bett] to support x4   #g4 4 ,,sometimes
 also ! ,pi? breaks & %r9ks up1 ?us mak+
 ! ,trunk a ,pipe4 ,! cause :]e(1 is    
ei!r ! ,l>g5ess ( its ,pores1 or !      
,?9ness ( ! ,sides ( ! said ,pores2 ^u  
bo? :i* acc\nts1 ! ,pi? do? m easily    
te>1 & ^u te>+ %r9k up1 & s become      
holl[3 z 9 ,ci*ory1 ,lampsana1 ,son*us1 

,teasel1 ,br[nwort1 & o!rs2 :]e9 !      
,pores ( ! ,pi? are ,l>ge1 & ! ,sides ( 
! ,pores1 ,?94 ,:]eas1 ^u contr>y       
acc\nts1 ! ,pi?s ( mo/ ,trees1 rema9    
p]petually entire4   #h4 4 ,,! ,reason  
:y ,plants are made ?us to become holl[1
 is p>tly1 = ! rip5+ ( ! ,fruit or ,se$2
 :i* is ! bett] effect$ by a m pl5tiful 
supply ( ,a] cont9ually receiv$ into _! 
holl[ ,trunks4 ,= by means ( t ,a]1 "p (
 ! ,sap1 is dry$ up1 & ! rema9+ "p ( x  
made w>m]1 & s soon] matur$4  #i4 4     
,p>tly1 = ! bett] det]m9+ ! due ,age ( !
 ,plant4 ,h5ce x is1 t ! great] "p (    
,annual ,trunks1 are holl[3 ! ,a]       
conta9$ 9 t holl[1 dry+ up ! ,sap1 &    
%r9k+ up ! ,sap-,vessels s f>1 z to h9d]
 ! free motion ( ! ,sap !re92 f :5ce !  
,plant mu/ ne$s p]i%4 ,s t z ! ,cont5t (
 ! ,a]-,vessels1 is a k9d ( ,vegetable  
,a]1 ^: ,(fice is to ,att5uate1 & ,f]m5t
 ! ,juyces ( ,plants3 s ! ,cont5t ( ^!  
,cavities1 come? ne>] to a m common ,a]1
 design$ *iefly1 s soon z x is conv5i5t1
 to dry !m up4   #aj4 4 ,,aga91 z to !  

,a]-,vessels1 div]s que/ions may be     
ask$4 ,z h[ x comes to pass1 t !y are   
g5]ally less 9 ! ,trunk ( ! same ,plant1
 ?an 9 ! ,root8 ,! ,cause :]e( is1 t "h 
9 ! ,trunk !y are m "u ! p[] ( ! ,a]2   
bo? t :i* entre? 9 at ! ,trunk1 & t :i* 
( its own ,nature asc5de? up into x f ! 
,root4 ,= ! ,a]1 z we h else:]e said1 is
 ! ,m\ld ( ! ,a]-,vessels2 to ^: crook$ 
or at lea/1 ,acid ,p>ts1 ! ,sal9e1 & o!r
 ,pr9ciples concurr+ to _! g5]ation1 d  
con=m4 ,to :i* !y d be/1 ! small] !y    
are3 ! ,fibres ( ! l>g] ,a]-,vessels    
mak+ great] ,circles1 & s com+ ne>] to a
 "r ,l9e1 answ]able to ! ,figure ( !    
,p>ticles1 n ( ! ,a]ial1 b ( ! ,sal9e   
,pr9ciple4  #aa4 4 ,:]e=e z !           
,a]-,vessels may be obs]v$ /ill to be   
dilat$ or wid5$ t[>ds ! l[] p>ts ( !    
,root1 ! ,a]ial ,pr9ciple be+ !re less  
pr$om9ant1 & ! ,sal9e m3 ,s t[>ds ! upp]
 "p ( ! ,trunk1 to be contract$ or gr[  
small]2 ! ,a]ial ,pr9ciple be+ "h m     
pr$om9ant1 & ! ,sal9e less4   #ab4 4 ,,=
 ! same cause x may be obs]v$1 ,t !     

,a]-,vessels ( ! ,second ye>s ,gr[?1 & !
 sev]al ye>s succe$+1 are usually ne>] (
 "o ,size1 ?an ^? ( ! ,second & ,fir/2  
all be+ "u a less p[] ( ! ,a]1 ?an !    
,fir/4 ,= ! fir/ ye> ! ,pi? be+ full (  
,liquor1 ! ,a]-,vessels !mselves1 are ! 
only ,repositories ( ! ,a]4 ,:]eas aft] 
! fir/ ye>1 ! ,pi? becom+ dry1 or ano!r 
great ,repository = ! ,a]2 !            
,a]-,vessels are h5ce=? fill$ ) a moi/] 
or m ,vapor\s & ,sal9e ,a]1 & s made to 
gr[ wid]4  #ac4 4 ,h5ce ! v ,size ( !   
,pi?1 ha? mu* influ5ce ^u !             
,a]-,vessels1 & ! mann] ( ,nutrition1 & 
! ,g5]ation ( ,liquors 9 ,plants4   #ad4
 4 ,,b = ! mo/ "p1 ! ,a]-,vessels are   
some:at1 m or less1 amplifi$ 9 e new    
,annual ,r+2 or at lea/ to a c]ta9 numb]
 ( ye>s4 ,probably1 because 9 ! eld]    
,bran*es1 ! ,spiral ,fibres1 ( :i* !    
,vessels consi/1 are m bulky2 & s make a
 ,vessel ( a wid]1 z a m agreeable bore4
 ,nature obta9+ h]eby1 t ! ,quantity (  
,a]1 %all always be answ]able to ! ,gr[?
 ( ! ,plant1 or at lea/1 be suffici5t to

 ma9ta9 its ,vegetable ,life & ,vig\r4  
#ae4 4 ,& !re=e1 z is above h9t$1 x     
seems likely1 ,t aft] a c]ta9 numb] (   
ye>s1 ! ,a]-,vessels are no long]       
amplifi$1 b /& at a /ay1 & p]haps may   
gr[ small]1 accord+ z ! ,tree is less or
 m ,longve2 & t aft] ?is p]iod1 x is "s 
way or o!r 9 its ,decl9+ ,/ate4   #af4 4
 ,,la/ly1 f ! ,cont5t & ,gov]n+         
,pr9ciple ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 ! ,"t1 :5 !y
 beg9 e ye> to be =m$1 or to appe>1 is  
always lat]2 at lea/ ) respect to !     
season ( ! ,tree4 ,s t :]eas !          
,sap-,vessels beg9 to be =m$ 9 ,spr+3   
^!1 n till ! latt] end ( ,summ]1 or !re 
ab\t2 at lea/ n till ab\t t "t to appe>4
 ,t is1 :5 ! ,sap beg9s to decrease1 &  
to gr[ m ,a]y2 & s m fit matt] = !      
,g5]ation ( ! said ,a]-,vessels4        
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                      ,( !  
,g5]ation ( ,liquors4   ,,^u ! ,/ructure
 & ,=mation ( ! ,p>ts1 dep5de? !        
,g5]ation ( ,liquors1 z 0 lately        
intimat$4 ,! mann] :]e( ,i h =m]ly %ew$1
 9 disc\rs+ ( ! ,root4 ,yet "s ?+s ,i   

%all "h fur!r explicate4 ,& ,fir/1 :at  
we h =m]ly ass]t$1 sc4 ,t ! concurr5ce (
 two specifically di/9ct ,fluids1 is z  
necess>y to ,nutrition 9 ,plants1 z 9   
,animals4 ,:i* appe>s1 z f div]s o!r    
consid]ations1 s f ! v ,/ructure ( a    
,plant3 :]e 9 all ! ,organical ,p>ts1 or
 ! ,p>5*yma & ! ,vessels1 are e :]e mix$
 toge!r p] m9ima1 t is1 p] m9imas p>tes 
organicas1 or ,fib] ) ,fib] ( sev]al    
,k9ds4 ,e small "p ( a ,tree1 or ( !    
,b>que ( a ,tree1 be+ z ,i may say1 a   
sort ( ,l9sy-,woolsey4 ,s t !re is n !  
lea/ "p ( ! ,sap1 :i* is n impregnate ) 
div]s ,ess5tial ,t9ctures1 z x is       
cont9ually filtr$ f ! ,fibres ( "o ,k9d1
 to ^? ( ano!r2 /&+ e :]e w\n'd & /it*'d
 up toge!r = ! same purpose4   #b4 4 ,,f
 ! special ,nature & ,/ructure ( !      
,p>ts1 ! ,liquors ( ,plants are likewise
 specifi$4 ,! ,vessels be+ ! *ief       
,visc]a ( a ,plant4 ,= all ,liquors 9 a 
,plant1 are c]ta9ly made by t ,plant4 ,&
 s9ce ! ,plant ha? no ,visc]a 7s call$7 
,i w\ld !n "k1 :at its sev]al ,liquors  

are made by8 ,if 9 ! ,p>5*yma1 surely by
 t ,p>5*yma4 ,if 9 ! ,vessels1 by !     
,vessels4 ,& if ( div]s ,k9ds by div]s  
,k9ds ( ,vessels4 ,s t :at ! ,visc]a are
 9 ,animals1 ! ,vessels !mselves are 9  
,plants4 ,t is to say1 z ! ,visc]a ( an 
,animal1 are b ,vessels conglom]at$3 s !
 ,vessels ( a ,plant1 are ,visc]a drawn 
out at l5g?4   #c4 4 ,,aga91 z !        
specify+ ( ! ,sap dep5de? *iefly on !   
special ,nature ( ! ,p>ts3 s p>tly1 ^u !
 ,/ructure ( ! ,:ole4 ,:]eby e ,"p is   
/ill bett] accomodat$ ) its own ,juyce4 
,?us ! ,a]-,vessels are necess>y1 n only
 & b>ely = a supply ( ,a]2 b also by _! 
,numb]1 ,size1 & ,position to adju/ !   
quantity ( t ,a]1 to ! gov]nm5t (       
,nutrition1 & ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,specifick
 ,liquors ( e ,plant4 ,:i* is evid5t f  
h5ce1 9 t !y d n foll[ ! ,size ( !      
,plant2 b are great & _m1 9 "s small    
,plants2 & small & few1 9 "s o!rs t are 
l>ge4 ,s ,v9es1 & ,corn1 z we h =m]ly   
obs]v$1 h proportionably a great numb] (
 ,a]-,vessels1 & ^? v l>ge4 ,by :i*     

means ! ,sap is att5uat$ & less ,oyly1 &
 m copi\sly impregnat$ ) a ,subtle1     
,volatile & ,w9y ,_s4  #d4 4 ,= ! same  
reason1 ! ,/alk ( ,maze or ( ,indian    
,:eat1 :i* :5 x is ,gre5 yielde? a v    
sweet ,juyce2 & ! ,canes1 :]e( ,sug>    
7:i* ab\nde? ) a volatile & inflammable 
,_s7 is made2 ^!1 ,i say1 obta9 ! l ov] 
proportion ( ,a]-,vessels1 to :at we see
 9 mo/ o!r ,plants4 ,h5ce also x is1 t  
none ( ! said ,plants h any consid]able 
,b>que2 t s ! att5uat+ & subtiliz+ ,a]1 
may h a m easie & pl5tiful admission at 
! ,trunk also4 ,= :i* reason likewise ! 
,pores ( ! ,sk9 ( "s ,canes are1 z ha?  
be5 said1 rem>kably wide4  #e4 4 ,h5ce  
also x is obs]vable1 t ( ! same ,species
 or ,k9dr$1 ^? ,plants :i* h ! mo/1 &   
especially ! l>ge/ ,a]-,vessels2 h also 
! greate/ abundance ei!r ( a sweet1 or (
 a w9y ,liquor4 ,s 9 ,apple2 !y are l>g]
 ?an 9 ,crab2 ,9 ,w>d51 l>g] ?an 9      
,qu9ce2 & 9 ,pe>-,tree1 l>g] ?an 9      
,w>d54 ,s also 9 ,cor91 l>g] ?an 9      
,gooseb]ry2 & 9 ,v9e1 l>g] ?an 9 ,cor93 

& s 9 o!rs4   #f4 4 ,,& z !             
,a]-,vessels1 by _! ,multitude &        
,l>g5ess1 are accommodat$ to ! bett]    
mak+ ( a ,w9y ,sap3 s by _! fewness &   
smallness1 ( an ,oylie4 ,z is rem>kably 
se5 9 ,fir1 & o!r ,res9if]\s ,trees3 ^! 
hav+1 if n ! smalle/1 yet ! fewe/       
,a]-,vessels ( all o!r ,trees4   #g4 4  
,,if x be ask$1 h[ a ,plant comes to h  
any ,oyl at all 9 any ,"p8 ,s9ce we see1
 t ! ,sap by :i* ! ,root is f$1 seeme?  
to be no?+ else b ,wat]3 & t _m ,plants 
:i* yield a great deal ( /illatiti\s    
,oyl1 z ,m9t1 ,rue1 & o!rs1 w yet gr[ 9 
,wat]3 ,i say1 if x be enquir$ h[ ?is   
,wat]1 is made ,w9e or ,oyl8 ,i answ]1 t
 !re is no su* matt]4 ,b t ! ,oyl1 & all
 o!r ,vegetable ,pr9ciples are actually 
exi/5t 91 & mix$ p] m9ima1 ?\gh 9 an    
extraord9>y small proportion1 ) ! ,wat]4
 ,ev5 z we see ! di/ill$ ,wat]s ( ,anise
 ,se$s1 ,p5yroyal1 & ! l to be          
impregnat$ ) _! own ,oyls1 :i* give !   
,ta/e & ,smell to su* ,wat]s4  #h4 4    
,:]e=e1 z a c]ta9 quantity ( any ,salt  

may be dissolv$ 9 ,wat]2 beyond :i*1 x w
 n mix !re)1 b rema9s "u its own ,=m3 ,s
 is !re a c]ta9 proportion ( ,oyl1 ?\gh 
f> less1 :i* may also be p]fectly mix$ )
 ,wat]2 & is c]ta9ly s1 m or less1 ) all
 ! ,wat] 9 ! _w4 ,b if t proportion1 or 
degree ( impregnation be once exce$$2 ! 
p>ticles ( ,oyl d !n1 & n till !n1 ga!r 
into a body1 & appe> "u _! own ,=m4  #i4
 4 ,i say !re=e1 t all k9ds ( ,vegetable
 ,pr9ciples1 are ei!r 9 or toge!r ) !   
,wat]1 ) less diff]5ce fir/ receiv$ into
 a ,plant4 ,b :5 !y are once !re92 !y   
are !n sep>at$1 t is to say1 filtr$1 "s 
f o!rs1 9 v diff]5t ,proportions &      
,conjunctions by ! sev]al ,p>ts2 !      
,wat]y by "o ,"p1 ! ,a]y by ano!r1 !    
,oyly by ano!r1 & s ! re/3 & s e ,"p is 
! ,receptacle ( a ,liquor1 become       
peculi>1 n by any ,trans=mation1 b only 
! ,p]colation ( ,p>ts out ( ! common    
,mass or ,/ock ( ,sap4 ,& s all ^? p>ts 
( ! ,sap1 :i* are sup]fl\s to any k9d ( 
,plant1 are at ! same "t1 dis*>g$ back  
by ,p]spirations1 into ! ,a]4   #aj4 4  

,,&1 t ,nature1 9 ! v>i\s ,p]colations &
 ,sepations ( ! ,sap1 may /ill ! bett]  
answ] h] end2 h5ce1 x is1 t %e c>efully 
see?1 n only to ! special ,nature &     
,proportion ( ! ,organs1 by :i* %e do?  
h] "w2 b likewise to _! v ,position4    
,?us x is obs]vable1 ,t :]eas !         
,lymphducts1 :i* c>ry a m ,wat]y        
,liquor1 are /ill plac$ on ! inn] ,v]ge 
( ! ,b>que1 next to ! ,a]-,vessels3 !   
,lactif]\s & ,res9if]\s ,vessels (      
,plants1 to ^: ,oylie ,liquor a mixture 
( mu* ,a] is incongru\s2 d usually /&1  
nei!r on ! inn]1 nor ! out] v]ge ( !    
,b>que2 b 9 ! midle4 ,by :i* means1 !y  
are at ! greate/ di/ance1 & s mo/       
secure1 f ! ,a]2 ei!r t :i* ent]s !     
,b>que at ! ,circumf]5ce1 or f ! ,wood &
 ,pi?4   #aa4 4 ,,& because ! ,res9\s   
,liquors ( ,plants are m ,oily1 ?an _!  
,milky2 _! security !re=e1 f ! approa* (
 ! ,a]1 is yet fur!r contriv$4 ,9 t 9   
,p9e1 & o!r ,res9\s ,trees1 ! ,diametral
 ,ins]tions are nev] f\nd2 or at lea/1 n
 visible3 :i* yet 9 o!r ,trees1 are     

conspicu\s2 be+ ^? ,p>ts1 ^: (fice x is1
 to introduce ! ,a] f ! ,a]-,vessels    
into ! ,b>que4   #ab4 4 ,,aga91 ! ,milky
 ,liquors ( ,plants be+ ?9n] ?an !      
,res9\s1 & hav+ a consid]able quantity (
 ,wat] mix$ ) _! ,oyl2 h5ce x is1 t 9   
,milky ,plants1 z 9 ,rhus1 !re are a    
great] numb] ( ,lymphducts2 & ^? /&+    
ne>] to ! ,milky ,vessels1 ?an !y d 9   
,p9e & ! l1 to ! ,res9\s4 ,by :i* means 
!y are bett] fitt$ to affuse _! ,aque\s 
,p>ts m pl5tifully to ! said ,milky     
,liquor4   #ac4 4 ,,f ! ,mixture (      
,wat]y ,p>ts ) ! ,oylie1 x comes to     
pass1 t :]eas all ,lympha's1 ,mucilages1
 & ,ros9s are transp>5t2 ! ,aqu-ole\s   
,liquors ( ,plants are ,milky or :ite1  
or o!rwise ,opac\s4 ,= ! same ?+ is !   
cause ( ! :it5ess ( ,vegetable1 z (     
,animal-,milk3 t is to say1 a m copi\s  
mixture ( ,wat]y & ,oily ,p>ts p] m9ima1
 or into "o ,body4 ,= ev5 ! ,s]\s &     
,oylie ,p>ts ( ,animal ,milk1 :5 ?r\ghly
 sep>at$ "o f ! o!r1 !y become v        
transp>5t4 ,s ! ,/illatiti\s ,oyl (     

,anise ,se$s1 is mo/ transp>5t & limpid1
 ev5 z ,wat] x self3 yet !re is a kn[n  
sort ( ,:ite ,anise-,se$ ,wat]1 z x is  
commonly call$3 t x is to say1 :]e9 !   
,oyl1 9 di/illation1 arise? & is mix$ m 
pl5tifully ) ! ,wat]4 ,& ! ,wat]1 :]e9 !
 /illatiti\s ,oyl ( any ,vegetable is   
dissolv$1 becomes a p]fect :ite ,milk2 z
 9 ?is ,hon\rable & ,le>n$ ,pres5ce1 ,i 
h =m]ly _h occasion to %ew !            
,exp]im5t4#fb       #fb ,see ! ,disc\rse
 ( ,mixture   #ad4 4 ,,& t ! ,milky     
,liquors ( all ,vegetables :atsoev]1 are
 m ,oylie ?an _! ,lympha's1 is mo/      
c]ta94 ,= all ^? ,gums1 :i* dissolve    
ei!r 9 ,oyl or 9 ,wat]1 z ,galbanum1 & !
 l1 are orig9ally ! ,milky ,juyces (    
,plants4 ,& if y take ! ,milk ( any     
,plant1 z = in/ance1 ! ,milk ( common   
,suma*1 or ( any ,ta/e1 ,bitt]1 ,a/r+5t1
 ,hot1 ,cold1 or any o!r :atsoev]2 &    
hav+ well dry$ x1 & !n fir$ x at a c&le2
 x w !reupon burn ) a v bright & durable
 flame1 ev5 l t ( ,t> or ,turp5t9e x    
self4   #ae4 4 ,,f :at ha? be5 said1 we 

may likewise ga!r ! mo/ g5u9e import ( !
 ^w ,gum1 & ! di/9ction !re( bo? f a    
,ros9 & a ,mucilage4 ,fir/1 a ,ros91 is 
orig9ally a ,turp5t9e1 or ,acidole\s    
,liquor1 hav+ an exce$+ small quantity (
 ,wat]y ,p>ts mix$ !re)2 & :i*1 = t     
reason1 w n be dissolv$ 9 ,wat]1 b only 
9 ,oyl4 ,( ?is k9d are ,ma/ick1 ,b5zo9e1
 ,taccamahacca1 & div]s o!rs1 commonly1 
9 our ,bils to ,apo!c>ies1 call$ ,gums4 
,yet 9 /rict speak+ !y are all s _m     
,ros9s4  #af4 4 ,secondly1 a ,gum1 & e  
,oylie ,gum1 is orig9ally a ,milky      
,liquor1 hav+ a great] quantity ( ,wat] 
mix$ ) its ,oyly ,p>ts2 & :i* = t       
reason1 w be made to dissolve ei!r 9    
,wat] or ,oyl4 ,( ?is k9d are ,sagap51  
,opopanax1 ,ammoniac1 & o!rs4  #ag4 4 ,!
 ?ird sort ( ,gum1 is t :i* is ,unoylie1
 & :i* !re=e dissolve? only 9 ,wat]1 z  
,gum-arabick1 ! ,gum ( ,*]ry-,tree1 &   
o!rs su* l4 ,?is ,gum1 ?\gh commonly s  
call$1 yet is prop]ly b a dry$          
,mucilage3 be+ orig9ally no?+ else b !  
,mucilag9\s ,lympha issu+ f ! ,vessels (

 ! ,tree4 ,9 l mann]1 z x do? f ,cumfry1
 ,mall[1 & div]s o!r ,plants3 & ev5 f ! 
,cucum]4 ,! ,vessels :]e(1 ^u cutt+     
cross1 yield a ,lympha1 :i* is pla9ly   
,mucilag9\s1 & :i* be+ well dry$1 at    
l5g? becomes a k9d ( ,gum1 or r a h>d5$ 
,mucilage4 ,9 l mann]1 ! ,gums (        
,plum-tree1 ,*]ry-tree & ! l1 are no?+  
else b dry$ ,mucilages4 ,or1 if we w    
take ! ^w 9 its wide/ s5se1 !n all ,gums
 are orig9ally1 ei!r a ,t]eb9?1 or a    
,milk1 or a ,mucilage4  #ah4 4 ,i h     
likewise made div]s ,obs]vations ( !    
,ta/s1 ,smells1 & ,col\rs ( ,plants1 & (
 _! ,cont5ts1 s9ce ^? ,i la/ publi%$3 & 
t bo? = ! f9d+ out ! true ,causes ( _!  
,g5]ation1 & also ! apply+ ( !m unto    
,m$ical & o!r ,uses4 ,( :i* h]eaft]4    
,,*ap4 ,v4                      ,( !    
,figuration ( ,trunks4   ,,! ,fif?      
,head1 %all be1 ( ! ,figuration (       
,trunks4 ,:i* also1 z well z ! mak+ (   
,liquors1 dep5de? ^u ! ,/ructure ( !    
,p>ts4 ,z ,fir/1 almo/ all ,%rubs 7ct]is
 p>ibus7 h a great] numb] (             

,a]-,vessels2 & ^? ( a small] ,size2 &  
consequ5tly mu* spread abroad1 z mo/    
easily yield+ to ! magnetick ,p[] ( !   
,a]1 accord+ z we h m fully demon/rat$1 
9 speak+ ( ! ,vegetation ( ,roots3 z 9  
,eld]1 ,hazel1 ,fig1 ,suma*1 & ! l4 ,by 
:i* spread+1 ! said ,a]-,vessels d      
soon]1 & m easily /rike into ! ,b>que1 &
 s produce collat]al ,buds & ,bran*es1 &
 t ^u ! fir/ ris+ ( ! ,body f ! ,root3 t
 is1 ! ,plant becomes a ,%rub4   #b4 4  
,,b if ! said ,a]-,vessels are v l>ge1  
!y w n yield s easily to %oot out       
collat]ally2 & s ! ,trunk gr[s up tall] 
& m entire3 z 9 ,oak1 ,wallnut1 ,elm1 c4
 :]e9 !y are exce$+ l>ge1 is se54 ,h5ce 
also ! ,v9e1 if support$1 w gr[ to a    
prodigi\s l5g?4 ,& ,hops & ,bryony1 are 
"s ( ! talle/1 among/ all ,annual       
,gr[?s3 ! ,a]-,vessels ( all :i*1 are v 
l>ge4 ,:]eas ,borage1 & _m o!r l        
,plants1 al?\gh ! ,pores ( _! ,p>5*yma1 
are va/ly wide1 & fill$ ) ,sap2 yet     
because _! ,a]-,vessels are small1 !y   
are !re=e b ,dw>f-,plants4 ,:]e=e !     

tallness or advancem5t ( a ,plant or    
,tree1 dep5de? n ^u ! ,pl5ty ( ,sap1 h[ 
great soev]1 b on ! ,l>g5ess ( !        
,a]-,vessels4   #c4 4 ,,aga91 z a ,plant
 or ,tree gr[s ei!r ,%rubby1 or ,tall & 
,entire1 accord+ to ! ,size ( ! said    
,vessels3 s f _! ,position1 do? x gr[   
,sl5d] or ,?ick4 ,s1 :]e !y keep m )9 ! 
compass ( a ,r+1 z 9 ,elm1 & ,a%1 !     
,tree1 9 proportion1 usually gr[s tall]1
 & less ?ick4 ,b :]e ! said ,vessels are
 spread m abroad1 & especially are      
po/ur$ 9 ,rays1 z !y are 9 ,oak1 ! ,tree
 gr[s v ?ick4 ,because ! said ,vessels  
?us /&+ all along ne>] to ! ,ins]tions1 
!re is a m ready & copi\s passage ( !   
,a] out ( ! "o into ! o!r2 & s !        
,diametral gr[? ( ! ,wood is m promot$4 
#d4 4 ,,la/ly1 f ! same g5]al cause x   
is1 ,t ! ,trunks ( ,vegetables are ei!r 
,r\nd or ,angul>4 ,^? ( all ,trees are  
,r\nd4 ,because ! ,b>que1 be+ "h ?ick]1 
& ! ,a]-,vessels b\nd up ) a great]     
quantity ( ,wood2 ! ,a] ha? n suffici5t 
p[] to move !m1 & ! ,b>que ) !m1 into ^?

 v>i\s ,positions or ,figurations1 z !  
,trunks ( ,h]bs d yield to4  #e4 4 ,yet 
! cause ( ! v>i\s %apes ( ! ,trunk1 is n
 ! ,a] alone2 b p>tly1 ! ,pr9ciples ( ! 
,plants !mselves1 9 conjunction !re)2   
accord+ to ! pr$om9ion :]e(1 & *iefly ( 
"s c]ta9 k9d ( ,salt or ,salts1 z ,i    
%all h]eaft]#fc m p>ticul>ly explicate1 
! ,trunk is ,squ>e1 ,triangul>1         
,p5tangul>1 or o!rwise ,figur$4 ,& ?us  
mu* 9 g5]al ( ! ,figuration ( ,trunks4  
#fc ,b4 #d4 ,p4 #a4 ,*4 #f4             
,,*ap4 ,,vi4                        ,( !
 ,motions ( ,trunks4   ,,! ,motions also
 ( ,trunks are v>i\s4 ,pr9cipally ,f\r2 
sc4 ,asc5d+1 ,desc5d+1 ,horizontal1 &   
,spiral4 ,! cause ( ! ,asc5t ( a ,plant1
 is a c]ta9 ,magnetick ,corresp5d5ce    
betwixt ! ,a] & ! ,a]-,vessels ( a      
,plant2 ! ,motion & ,t5d5cy :]e(1 ! :ole
 ,plant foll[s4 ,?is ,i h ass]t$1 & ,i  
?9k1 cle>ly demon/rat$ 9 my ,fir/ &     
,second ,books ( ! ,anatomy ( ,plants4  
,i w "h add ?is pla9 ,exp]im5t4  #b4 4  
,take a ,box ( ,m\lds1 ) a hole bor$ 9 !

 bottom1 wide en\gh to admit ! ,/alk ( a
 ,plant1 & set x ^u /ilts half a y>d or 
m above gr\nd4 ,!n lodg 9 ! ,m\ld "s    
,plant1 = ,example a ,bean1 9 su* sort1 
t ! ,root ( ! ,bean /&+ 9 ! ,m\lds may  
poynt upw>ds1 ! ,/alk t[>ds ! gr\nd4 ,z 
! ,plant gr[s1 x w foll[1 t at l5g? !   
,/alk w rise upw>d1 & ! ,root1 on !     
contr>y1 ar* x self d[nw>d4 ,:i*        
evid5tly %ews1 ,t x is n suffici5t1 t ! 
,root ha? ,e>? to %oot into1 or t its   
,motion is only an ,appetite ( be+ !re9 
lodg$1 :i* way soev] t be3 b t its      
nature is1 ?\gh )9 ! ,e>? already1 yet  
to *ange its ,position1 & to move       
,d[nw>ds4 ,& s likewise ( ! ,trunk1 t x 
rises1 :5 a ,se$ spr\ts1 out ( ! ,gr\nd1
 n me]ly because x ha? an ,appetite (   
be+ 9 ! op5 ,a]2 = 9 ?is ,exp]im5t x is 
s already2 yet n[ makes a new ,motion   
upw>ds4   #c4 4 ,,b al?\gh ! ,natural   
,motion ( ! ,trunk be to ,asc5d2 yet is 
x =c$ (t5times to ,desc5d4 ,= !         
,trunk-,roots gr[+ out ( "s ,plants ne> 
! gr\nd1 & %r9k+ !re9to1 l s _m ,ropes1 

d pluck ! ,trunk annually l[] & l[] into
 ! gr\nd toge!r ) !m2 z may be se5 9    
,scrophul>ia1 ,jacoba1 & _m o!r ,plants4
   #d4 4 ,,if ^! ,trunk-,roots break out
 only ab\t ! bottom ( ! ,trunk1 z 9 !   
a=esaid ,plants1 !n ! ,trunk gradually  
,desc5ds into ! ,e>?1 & is turn$ into a 
,root4 ,b if x be v sl5d]1 & !          
,trunk-,roots break =? all along x1 !n x
 ,creeps horizontally2 ! said ,roots    
te!r+ x1 z x trails along1 to ! gr\nd2 z
 ,/rawb]ry1 ,c9quefoyl1 ,m9t1 ,scordium1
 c4   #e4 4 ,,z to _! ,spiral ,motion1 x
 is to be not$2 ,t ! ,wood ( all        
,convolvulus or ,w9d]s1 /&s m close &   
r\nd toge!r 9 or ne> ! ,c5t]1 !reby mak+
 a r\nd1 & sl5d] ,trunk4 ,to ! end1 x   
may be m tractable1 to ! p[] ( ! ext]nal
 ,motor1 :at ev] t be3 & also m secure f
 break+ by its w9d+ ,motion4  #f4 4     
,:]e=e1 ,convolvulus d n w9d by any     
peculi> ,nature or ,g5ius1 :i* o!r      
,trunks h n2 b because _! ,p>ts are     
dispos$ s1 z to r5d] !m m sequace\s to !
 ext]nal ,motor4 ,ev5 z ! ,clasp]s ( a  

,v9e1 hav+ ! l ,/ructure1 h also a      
,motion ( ,convolution3 :]eas ! ,bran*es
 !mselves ^u a contr>y acc\nt1 move 9 a 
/raight ,l9e4  #g4 4 ,! ,convolution (  
,plants1 ha? be5 obs]v$ only 9 ^? t     
,climb4 ,b x seems probable1 t _m o!rs d
 also w9d2 9 :i*1 ! ma9 ,/alk1 is z !   
,axis to ! ,bran*es r\nd ab\t4  ,b4 #b4 
,p4 #a4 ,*4 #a4  ,( :i* numb]1 ,i       
conceive1 are all ^? ^: ,roots are      
twi/$2 a ,motion we obs]v$ 9 speak+ ( ! 
,root4 ,:e!r x be s1 or n ! ,exp]im5t   
may easily be made by ty+ a ,?r$ ^u any 
( ! ,bran*es2 sett+ d[n ! respect x !n  
ha? to any ,qu>t] 9 ! ,heav5s3 =1 if x  
%all appe> 9 two or ?ree ,mon?s1 to h   
*ang$ its ,situation t[>ds "s o!r       
,qu>t]2 x is a c]ta9 pro( h]e(4 ,& t    
h]eby ! ,roots ( _m ,plants become      
twi/$2 ! ,motion beg9n+ 9 ! ,/alk1 &    
end+ at ! bottom ( ! ,root1 :i* /&s     
always fix$ 9 ! same place4  #h4 4 ,!   
,convolution ( ,trunks1 is made n "o1 b 
div]s ways2 "s mov+ by ,s\? f ,ea/ to   
,we/2 & o!rs f ,we/ to ,ea/4 ,:]e=e x   

seeme?1 t z ! ,effici5t ,cause (        
,convolution1 is n )9 ! ,plant1 b       
ext]nal3 s also1 t x is n ,"o1 b t !re  
are ,two ,great ,effici5ts ( ?is        
,motion2 sc4 ! ,sun & ! ,moon4 ,"s w9d+ 
toge!r ) ! ,sun1 9 its ,diurnal ,motion1
 7or1 if ! ,e>? moves1 !n1 ,incl9+ to ! 
,sun7 by ,s\? f ,ea/ to ,we/4 ,& o!rs   
w9d+ ) ! ,moon1 9 its ,mon?ly ,motion1 f
 ,we/ to ,ea/4  #i4 4 ,?is possibly1 may
 also be "o s5sible way ( di/+ui%+      
betwixt ,sol>1 & ,lun> ,plants4 ,?us f>1
 9 g5]al1 ( ! ,motions ( ,trunks4       
,,*ap4 ,,vii4              ,( ! ,nature 
( ,timb] or ,trunks1 z !y               
s]ve = ,me*anick ,use4   ,,! la/ ?+ ,i  
purpos$ to speak (1 is1 ,^? sev]al      
,qualities ( ,timb] or ( ,trunks1 by :i*
 !y are fitt$ = ,me*anical ,use4 ,z     
,h>dness1 ,s(tness1 ,fa/ness1           
,clevesom5ess1 ,t\ghness1 ,brittl5ess1  
,durabl5ess1 or any ( ! same ,qualities 
comp\nd$4 ,! ,visible ,causes :]e( are  
obs]vable1 ,p>tly1 9 ! ,/ructure ( !    
sev]al ,p>ts2 sc4 ! ,ins]tions1         

,sap-,vessels & ,a]-,vessels2 z to !    
,numb]1 ,size1 or ,position ( any ( !m4 
,& p>tly1 9 ! ,nature ( ! ,p>ts2 ,i mean
 su* z is manife/ to s5se4 ,accord+ to  
our cle> & di/9ct obs]v+ ( all :i*      
,causes1 we may und]/&1 ,:]e=e any ,wood
 is made use ( = any c]ta9 purpose4 ,&  
also1 :]e9 fitly to apply x to fur!r    
,use4 ,9 ord] to :i*1 a compleat ,hi/ory
 ( ! ,me*anical ,uses ( ,vegetables w\ld
 v mu* conduce4 ,i %all = ! pres5t give 
"s ,in/ances4   #b4 4 ,,z ,fir/1 "s     
,woods are s(t1 z ,deal1 & ,sall[4 ,yet 
f diff]5t ,causes4 ,deal1 f ! great     
,porosity ( ! ,wood x self1 or ! l>ge   
,pores among/ ! ,sap-,vessels4 ,b       
,sall[1 f ! great numb] ( ,a]-,vessels  
spread all ov] x4 ,& !re=e1 ?\gh !y are 
bo? s(t1 yet w n s]ve = ! same purposes2
 ,sall[ be+ well wr\ght ^u1 :i* way     
soev] y cut x3 b ,deal1 especially !    
:ite ,deal1 if x be cut cross1 x te>s1 &
 w nev] poli% or "w smoo?4  #c4 4 ,aga91
 9 ,sall[1 by ! equal spread+ ( !       
,a]-,vessels1 ! ,s(tness is equal or    

alike 9 all ,p>ts4 ,= :i* cause x make? 
an excell5t ,coal = ,pa9t]s ,scribets4  
,because x do? n only make a light      
,/roak1 b e :]e c]ta92 & s do? n di/urb 
! ev5 ,motion ( ! ,h&4 ,= ! same cause1 
,%oemak]s also make use ( x = _!        
,c>v+-bo>ds4 ,because be+ e :]e equally 
s(t1 x turns n ! edge ( _! ,knives1 ,:i*
 ,deal w\ld pres5tly d2 because ?\gh v  
s(t 9 "s places1 yet 9 o!rs 'tis h>d2 t 
is to say1 on ! inn] ,v]ge ( e annual   
,r+ ( ,wood1 :]e ! old ,sap-,vessels gr[
 mu* m compact & close toge!r4   #d4 4  
,,aga91 "s ,woods are s(t1 b n fa/2 o!rs
 are bo?1 z ,l9n3 its ,s(tness1 dep5d+  
on ! num]\sness & equal spread+ ( !     
,a]-,vessels2 its ,fa/ness1 on !        
clos5ess ( ! true ,wood1 & ! %ortness1 &
 smallness ( ! ,ins]tions4 ,= :i* cause1
 x is ( excell5t use = _m purposes2 &   
p>ticul>ly1 = small ,sculpture3 su* z   
may sometimes be se5 = ! ,frames (      
,look+-,glasses1 or ( small] ,pictures 9
 ,wat]-,col\rs4   #e4 4 ,,"s ,woods1    
aga91 are fa/1 & h>d1 z ,elm4 ,its      

h>dness dep5d+ ^u ! clos5ess ( ! ,wood4 
,its fa/ness1 ,p>tly1 ^u ! same cause2 &
 p>tly1 on ! smalness ( ! ,ins]tions2 z 
also on ! fewness ( ! ,a]-,vessels 9    
proportion ) ! ,wood2 & on ! ?w>t &     
cross ,position ( _m ( !m4 ,h5ce x is1 t
 ,elm1 ( all o!rs1 is ! mo/             
,cross-gra9'd ,timb]2 t is1 cleave? s   
unev5ly1 to & fro1 accord+ to ! cross   
,position ( ! said ,vessels4  #f4 4     
,h5ce also x cleave? ! mo/ ,difficultly4
 ,ev5 !n1 :5 x is )\t any ,knots4 ,= :i*
 reason x is always us$1 z be/ = ! ,hub 
( a great ,:eel4 ,z also = ,wat]-,pipes1
 & = ,pumps4 ,n because x is ! mo/      
durable ,wood2 b because x w n split or 
crack1 ei!r 9 ! work+1 or aft]w>ds4 ,= !
 v same reason1 x is us$ = ,c(f9s2 t is1
 because1 x w n split 9 work+3 n because
 x w endure longe/ "u gr\nd2 = ,pales   
are always made ( ,oak4 ,s also !       
,ladles & ,soles ( a ,mill-:eel are     
always made ( ,elm2 z also ! ,keel ( a  
,boat1 sc4 le/ !y %\ld split3 b ! o!r   
,p>ts are made ( ,oak4  #g4 4 ,x may "h 

also be not$1 ,t ! ,planks commonly     
call$ ,groan+-,bo>ds1 lately expos$1 z a
 k9d ( ,prodigy1 to ! view & he>+ ( _m  
,p1 7 ( ,elm4 ,! ,a]-,vessels ( ?is     
,wood1 be+1 ?\gh n m num]\s1 yet m      
ample1 ?an 9 any o!r ,timb]4 ,s t ^u !  
application ( ! ,r$-hot-,iron1 z 0      
usual1 & !reby ! ,r>ifaction ( ! ,a] &  
,wat]y ,p>ts 9 ! ,timb]2 e ,vessel      
became1 z x 7 a little ,w9d-,pipe = _!  
,expiration4 ,& z a great _m ,drops     
fall+ toge!r 9 a %[r ( ,ra92 s a great  
_m ( ^! ,pipes play+ toge!r1 might make 
a k9d ( big or groan+ noyse4   #h4 4 ,,z
 ,elm1 ( all ,woods1 is "o ( ! fa/e/2   
,s1 on ! contr>y1 ( all h>d ,woods1 ,oak
 is ! mo/ ,cleavesome1 or splitte? ! mo/
 easily4 ,! cause :]e( is1 p>tly1 !     
,l>g5ess ( ! ,ins]tions2 & p>tly1 !     
,diametral or ,radiat$ ,position ( mo/ (
 ! ,a]-,vessels3 ^u bo? :i* acc\nts1    
:]ev] a crack is once begun1 'tis easily
 cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! ,diamet] ( ! ,trunk4 
#i4 4 ,,aga91 "s ,woods are h>d1 fa/1 & 
t\gh4 ,s is ,a%1 & especially ,bee*4    

,h>d & fa/1 f "s ( ! same ,causes1 z    
,elm4 ,t\gh n f ! ,/ructure1 b f !      
,nature ( ! ,p>ts2 ^: ,pr9ciples are    
unit$ 9 a m exact proportion4 ,:]e=e    
,london-,c>s h ! ,r+s ( _! ,:eels (     
,bee*2 because x te>s m difficulty ?an  
ev5 ,a% x self4 ,:5ce also = l>ge       
,screws1 !re is no ,wood l x4 ,b =      
,small ,screws1 ( ab\t an ,in* ,diamet]1
 ,bir* is ! be/2 z be+1 ?\gh n s h>d1   
yet m t\gh4   #aj4 4 ,,! m ,brittle a   
,wood is1 'tis likewise usually ! m     
durable4 ,s ,oak1 :i*1 ) respect to its 
h>dness1 is n a t\gh1 b v brittle ,wood1
 is almo/ z durable z any4 ,:]eas ,bee*1
 ,bir*1 & ! l1 al?\gh v t\gh2 yet =     
,duration1 are ( no s]vice2 = !re are no
 ,woods w rot soon]3 & !re=e1 ?\gh /rong
 en\gh1 yet unfit to make any ,/&+ ,p>ts
 ( ,build+1 or ( ,furniture2 especially 
9 wet & moi/ places4 ,because1 ^!       
,woods1 hav+ a less proportion ( ,oyl1  
?an !re is 9 ,oak2 !y are apt] to imbibe
 ! moi/ure ev5 ( a dank ,a]2 by :i*     
moi/ure1 !y ei!r ,rot1 or bre$ ,worms1  

:i* de/roy !m4   #aa4 4 ,,h5ce x is1 t  
:at we call ! ,he>t ( ,timb]1 z x is m  
brittle1 s also m durable2 sc4 ,because 
m ,oylie4 ,s t :i* is call$ ! ,sap (    
,oak1 is mu* m t\gh ?an ! ,he>t1 al?\gh 
! ,he>t be m durable4 ,t is to say1 !   
old] ! ,wood is1 ! ,wat]y ,p>ts are ! m 
evap\rat$1 :il/ ! ,oylie /ill rema9e1 z 
a k9d ( ,t9cture or ,extract 9 ! ,wood4 
,ev5 z we see1 t ! old] ,se$s ( any "o  
,k9d1 are m ,oylie ?an ^? t are gre5 &  
"y4 ,s t ! ,oylie or ,ros9\s ,p>ts ( !  
,sap1 are a k9d ( ,embalm+ to ! ,he>t1  
or old] ,"p ( a ,tree1 secur+ x f !     
de/ructive impressions ( ! ,a]4 ,= :i*  
,cause x is1 t ,oak1 ,yew1 ,cocus1      
,guajacum1 c4 :i* are ,oylie ,woods1 h  
always mu* ,he>t1 :]eas ,bir*1 ,ald]1   
,bee*1 ,maple1 :i* are v ,unoylie1 h    
nev] any ,he>t4   #ab4 4 ,,f h5ce       
likewise we may und]/& ! ,cause ( !     
,t\ghness ( ,flax3 :at we call ,flax1   
be+ only ! ,sap-,vessels1 or ,lign\s    
,fibres ( ! ,b>que4 ,& g5]ally1 ! ,b>que
 ( any ,tree1 z ( ,will[ 7:]e( are      

usually made a sort ( ,ropes7 is v t\gh4
 ,! ,vessels be+ "h y\ng]1 & less ,oylie
 ?an 9 ! ,wood4 ,s likewise ,hemp1 is   
no?+ else b ! ,sap-,vessels ( ! ,b>que (
 ! ,plant s call$4 ,& ,scot*-,cloa?1 is 
only ! ,h\sewif]y ( ! same ,p>ts ( !    
,b>que ( ,nettle4   #ac4 4 ,,:5ce x is v
 probable1 t !re are _m o!r ,plants1 z  
well z ! above nam$1 :]e( might be made 
good ,t[4 ,& ( "s1 especially 9 "s      
respects1 bett] ?an ( ,flax x self4     
,because t ev5 ,hemp1 al?\gh x w n make 
s f9e a ,/aple1 z ,flax 7= all our f9e  
,holl&s are made ( ,flax7 yet ,flax1 :i*
 is b ( ! same f95ess z ,hemp1 w nev]1  
by all ! ,art yet kn[n1 be made s :ite z
 ,hemp is made4 ,! ,qualities !re=e ( ! 
be/ ,t[1 t c be 9 ,nature1 are t !      
,/aple be long1 small1 t\gh1 & :ite4 ,s 
t if 9 ! ,b>que ( any ,plant1 we c f9d  
^! ,qualities1 or any ( !m1 to excell2  
we may be sure1 x w be ( bett] use1 9 "s
 respects1 = ! mak+ ( ,cloa?1 or o!r    
purpose1 ?an ,flax x self4   #ad4 4 ,i  
,,w conclude ) "o ,in/ance m1 & t is z  

to ,graft+4 ,! good & happy success     
:]e(1 do? c]ta9ly dep5d ^u ! suitabl5ess
 or respond5ce betwixt ! sev]al ,p>ts ( 
! ,/ock & ,cyon2 z ! ,b>que1 ,wood1 &   
,pi?2 & t bo? z to ! ,numb]1 ,size1 &   
,position ( ! said ,p>ts1 & ( _! sev]al 
,pores or ,vessels3 accord+ to ! degrees
 :]e(1 ! ,conjunction 7ct]is p>ibus7 w  
be m or less prosp]\s4 ,s t ( all su*   
,conjunctions z are f\nd to be apt &    
tak+1 & :i* "s h le>n$ n )\t long       
,practice & ,exp]i5ce2 ano!r1 only by   
comp>+ ! ,bran*es ( ,trees toge!r1 may )
 little tr\ble1 & 9 mu* less "t1 in=m   
himself4 ,by ! same means1 "s           
,conjunctions :i* seem to be /range1 z  
,qu9ce & ,pe>1 ,:ite ,?orn & ,m$l>1 c4 d
 yet1 by ! respond5ce ( _! ,p>ts1 z well
 z by ,exp]i5ce1 appe> to be good4 ,&   
!re is no d\bt1 b t _m ,conjunctions n  
yet try$1 or n kn[n to h be5 s1 may ^u !
 same gr\nd1 be try$ ) good success4    
#ae4 4 ,! *ief ,use ( ,graft+ &         
,inoculation1 is1 ,t !y ,accel]ate !    
gr[? ( ,good ,fruit4 ,! ,cause :]e(1 is 

! ,knot1 :i* is always made 9 !         
,conjunction4 ,by means ( :i*1 all !    
,sap is /ra9$1 & s asc5de? up into !    
,graff or ,bud1 bo? ,pur] & 9 less      
,quantity2 & is !re=e bett] & soon]     
concoct$4 ,h5ce1 ! small] ! ,fruit ( any
 ,tree1 ?\gh x be n ! be/1 yet ! ,sap   
be+ !re1 9 less ,quantity1 is ! soon]   
ripe4 ,on ! contr>y1 :]e ! ,sap asc5de? 
too freely1 x do? n only ret>d ! gr[? ( 
! ,fruit1 b produce? ,b>r5ness2 z is se5
 9 ^? luxuriant ,bran*es1 :]e x runs all
 up to ,leaves4 ,h5ce also ,v9es1 by    
,ble$+1 become m ,fruitful3 t is1 by !  
,effusion ( ,"p ( ! ,sap1 !re is a m    
easi] melioration ( t :i* rema9s4 ,ev5 z
 ,phlebotomy do? (t5times produce a m   
heal?ful & bett] ,habit ( our own       
,bodies4 ,to conclude1 ! less5+ !       
,quantity1 & !reby ! melioriation ( !   
asc5d+ ,sap1 by ,knots1 is ,natures own 
contrivance2 z is se5 9 ,sug>-,cane1    
,corn1 & o!r ,plants4                   
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               

,,(                                     
,,leaves1 ,,fl[]s1                      
,,fruits & ,,se$s4                      
,9 ,f\r ,p>ts4                          
,! ,,f\r? ,,book4                       
,by ,,nehemjah ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[     
( ! ,,royal ,,society1 & ( !            
,,college ( ,,physicians4               
,,london1                      ,pr9t$ by
 ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                    
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts                               
,,( ,,!                                 
,fir/ ,"p4                              
,,*ap4 ,i4  ,( ! ,protections & ,folds (
 ,leaves4                               
,,*ap4 ,,ii4  ,( ^? ,?+s :i* appe> ^u ! 
,surface ( ! ,leaf4                     
,,*ap4 ,,iii4  ,( ! ,figures ( ,leaves2 
& ! ,app>5t ,position ( ! ,fibres4      
,,*ap4 ,,iv4  ,( ! ,p>ts & ,texture ( ! 
,leaf4                                  
,,*ap4 ,v4  ,( ! ,duration ( ,leaves1 & 
! ,"t ( _! ,g5]ation4                   
,,*ap4 ,,vi4  ,( ! ,mann] ( ! ,g5]ation 

( ! ,leaf4 ,:]e also1 t ( ! ,two ,g5]al 
,p>ts ( a ,plant1 sc4 ! ,lign\s &       
,p>5*ym\s1 is fur!r expla9'd4           
,to ! ,hon\rable                        
,rob]t ,boyle ,esq2   ,,sir1  ,,aft] ,i 
_h f9i%$ ! =ego+ ,books1 ,9 :i*1 ,i     
conceive1 z f> z ,glasses w yet lead u1 
,i h cle>ly ,describ'd & ,del9eat$ !    
,/ructure ( a ,plant2 & h endeav\r'd1 9 
"s "p1 to ,unfold ! ,reason & ,scope (  
,nature !re93 ,i 0 will+ to sit d[n1 &  
leave :at rema9$1 to ! ,improvem5ts ( ! 
,pres5t & ,succe$+ ,ages4  ,b 9         
,disc\rse ^u ?is ,subject1 ,y h be5     
pleas$ frequ5tly to insi/1 ,t ,i %\ld by
 no means omit1 to give likewise1 "s    
,examples ( ! ,me*anisme ( ,nature 9 all
 ! o!r ,p>ts4 ,! ,p]=mance :]e( !re=e1  
next to ! ,ob$i5ce ,i owe to ! ,royal   
,society1 is to be look$ ^u1 z a ,due to
 ! ,au?ority :i* ,y\r ,judgm5t ha? ov]  
me4  ,?is ,i h said1 t1 if :at is h]e9  
done1 %all prove acceptable unto ,le>n$ 
,m52 !y may "k1 ,to :om !y are once m to
 give _! ,?anks3 ,aft] !y h s (t5 done  

x1 ^u 7a bett] score7 ! ,publi%+ ( ,y\r 
own ,excell5t ,works4 ,9 :i*1 !re seems 
to be a ,"q1 ,:e!r ,y\r ,cont9ual       
,endeav\rs1 to enl>ge ! ,b\nds (        
,natural ,k1 or ,y\r ,successes !re91 h 
be5 ! ,great]4 ,s t1 :]eas ,nobility 9  
"s1 do? only s]ve to lift !m1 l         
,jupit]'s ,satellits1 out ( sight3 ,y1  
by giv+ a great] ,light1 h drawn all    
,m5s ,eyes ^u ,y4 ,& :ile/ !re are _m1 9
 all ,ages1 fond ( ,prehem95cy 9 !      
,conduct ( ,popul> ,affairs2 :o yet     
r>ely hit ! ,m>k !y aim at2 or aim at ,t
 !y pret5d3 ,y h ?\ght fit1 r to sep>ate
 ,y\r ,self1 to t m ,innoc5t1 & m ,noble
 ,sort ( ,wisdom1 :i* lie?1 n 9 ! ,arts 
( ,conceil+1 b 9 ,discov]+1 ! ,tru? (   
,?+s4  ,t we may h _m to imitate ,y     
h]e91 _c b be he>tily wi%'d by all1 :o  
reg>d ! ,hon\r ( _! own ,c\ntry2 z x is1
 ) mu* ,zeal1 by                        
,sir1                             ,y\r  
mo/ ob$i5t                              
,s]vant                                 
,,nehemjah ,,grew4                      

,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,leaves1                               
,,prosecut$                             
,) ! b>e ,,eye1                         
,& ) !                                  
,,microscope4             ,read be=e !  
,royal ,society1 ,octob4 #bf4 #afgf4    
,,"p ,i4                                
,,*ap4 ,i4                ,( !          
,protections & ,folds ( ,leaves4   ,,9  
,,! ,g5]al ,anatomy ( ,plants1 ,i h     
assign$ "o :ole ,*apt]#fd to ! ,g]m5 &  
,leaf4 ,s9ce !n1 ,i h occasionally made 
div]s ,rem>ques ( ! same2 bo? ) ! ,nak$ 
,eye1 z !re1 & also ) ! ,microscope4 ,! 
,pr9cipal :]e(1 ,i %all "h set d[n2 )\t 
repeat+ any f !nce2 or oblig+ my self   
/rictly to ! ,ord] !re us$4       #fd   
,lib4 #a4 ,*4 #d4  #b4 4 ,t :i* 9 a     
,g]m51 fir/ occurs to ! ,eye1 is !      
,protection ( ! ,leaves1 or ! v>i\s     
,me?ods :i* ,nature takes to pres]ve !m 
f ! ,injuries bo? ( ! ,gr\nd1 & ( !     

,wea!r4 ,to ! ,in/ances =m]ly giv51 ,i  
%all add ^! t foll[4   #c4 4 ,,& ,fir/1 
x is obs]vable ( ! "y ,buds ( ,ammi1 t  
le/ !y %\ld be bruis$1 or />v$1 ^u _!   
fir/ ,eruption f "u ! ,gr\nd2 !y are    
c\*$1 z ,firn is r[l'd1 inw>d2 ea* ,bud1
 aga9/ ! ,base ( ! ,/alk ( ! =ego+      
,leaves1 & mo/ exactly laid up )9 !     
,membranes !nce produc$3 ,j z ! ,*ild 9 
! ,womb1 lies ) 8 ,head aga9/ 8 ,knees2 
or z x is aft]w>ds embrac$ ) ! ,armes ( 
! ,nurse4 ,& x is a g5]al ,rule (       
,nature1 :]e ! ,/alks ( ! ,leaves are s 
long1 t !y _c lap "o ov] ano!r1 & :]e no
 o!r special ,protection is provid$2 = !
 bottoms ( ! ,/alks to be produc$ into  
broad ,membranes1 z ,blankets to !      
succe$+ ,buds2 z 9 ,cr[foot1 ,dovesfoot1
 ,clav]1 ,cransbill1 ,/rawb]ry1 ,y>r[1 &
 o!rs4 ,& sometimes in/ead ( two ,sk9s  
lapp$ "o ov] ano!r1 !re is "o entire    
,sk91 produc$ f ! ,/alk1 9 :i* z )9 a   
,secund9e1 ! ,bud is safely %r[d$2 &    
:i*1 9 its ,gr[?1 x gradually breaks    
op54   #d4 4 ,,! same is also obs]vable 

9 ,dock1 ,sorrel1 ,bi/ort1 & all o!r    
,plants ( ?is ,k9dr$2 ) ?is diff]5ce1 ,t
 e ,veil or ,secund9e is n "h produc$ f 
! ,/alk ( ! ,leaf2 b ha? its ,orig9al   
,di/9ct f x4 ,& :]eas 9 ! =m]1 e ,bud   
ha? only "o to x self3  ,tab4 #da4  9 ^!
 ,plants1 e less] ,leaf1 toge!r ) its   
own prop] ,veil1 is always inclos$1 ) ! 
next great] ,leaf1 9 ano!r ,veil common 
to !m bo?2 & bo? ^! ) ! next1 9 ano!r2 &
 s on to ! greate/4 ,^! ,veils are      
extream ?91 & h v few ,vessels2 be+ s _m
 me] transp>5t ,sk9s4 ,= :i* reason1 !re
 is always f\nd a ,mucilage or cle>     
,gelly1 betwe5 e ,leaf1 & its ,veil1 &  
betwe5 ,veil & ,veil4 ,! "o1 ?us pres]v+
 ! o!r1 7z d ! ,humors & ,membranes ( ! 
,eye7 f dry+ & %r9k+ up1 & !reby f      
becom+ useless = ! ,protection ( !      
,plant4   #e4 4 ,,! ,or*is1 & o!r       
,plants ( ?is k9dr$1 because !y ,spr+ & 
,fl[] e>ly1 :5 ! morn+s are cold1 h a   
d\ble ,%ea?1 or ,blanket ov] all4 ,!    
,buds ( "s ,h]bs 7z ( ,planta97 hav+ no 
,hairs gr[+ on !m1 are cov]$ ) ,hairy   

,?rums4 ,& ! ,nettle ha? ,ba/>d-,leaves1
 or ,int]foyls betwe5 ,leaf & ,leaf1 = !
 pres]vation ( its ,/+s4   #f4 4 ,,ano!r
 ,sort ( ,protection is se5 9 ,wild     
,cl>y1 ,:ite ,ar*angel1 & o!r ,plants ( 
a l ,%ape4 ,9 :i*1 ! great] ,leaves d   
/ill cov] & inclose ! less]1 n by be+   
lapp$ ov] !m1  ,tab4 #da4  z :]e !      
,leaves are m num]\s1 is usual2 b by a  
,d\ble ,=e-,curl at ! bottom ( e two    
great] ,leaves2 by :i* ! little ,"u-,bud
 is embrac$1 & s kept safe & w>m4   #g4 
4 ,,! ,leaves ( ,onions are all ,pipes  
"o )9 ano!r4 ,^! ,pipes are e :]e       
entire1 sav+ ab\t ! middle1 :]e !y h a  
small ,ap]ture2  ,tab4 #db4  common to  
all ( !m1 ev5 ! mo/ m9ute 9 ! ,c5tre3 n 
be+ a =c$ ,crack1 b a ,door orig9ally   
=m$1 = ! issu+ ( e less] ,pipe1 out ( a 
great]4   #h4 4 ,,! ,,la/ ,i %all give1 
is t :i* is rem>kable 9 ,common ,suma*4 
,! ,buds :]e(1 be+ exce$+ t5d]1  ,tab4  
#da4  ,nature appe>s sollicit\s 9 a     
peculi> mann]1 = _! pres]vation4 ,=     
:]eas 9 o!r ,plants1 !y are well en\gh  

secur$ only by /&+ beh9d ! ,/alks ( !   
eld] ,leaves3 "h !y are lodg$ )9 ! v    
,body ( ! ,/alk2 z entirely1 z a ,k]nel 
is )9 an ,apple1 or a ,ftus 9 ! ,womb4  
,f :5ce x comes to pass t ! ,basis ( e  
,/alk is extreamly swell$1 z go+ ,great 
) a ,bud4   #i4 4 ,,^u ,,! removal ( ^? 
,p>ts1 :i* are contriv$ = ! ,protection2
 ! ,f\lds & ,compo/ure ( ! ,leaves d    
next appe>3 all :i* are mo/ aptly suit$ 
bo? to ! ,numb] & ,%ape ( ! ,leaves1 &  
also _! ,position ^u ! ,bran*4 ,9 !     
,fir/ ,book#fe ,i h giv5 ,examples ( ^! 
,eight ,sorts1 sc4 ! ,pla9 ,lap1 !      
,plicature1 ! ,duplicature1 !           
,multiplicature1 ! ,s+le ,roll1 ! ,d\ble
 ,back-,roll1 ! ,d\ble ,=e-,role1  ,tab4
 #db4  & ! ,treble-,roll4 ,to :i* ,i    
%all add ,f\r or ,five m4       #fe ,*4 
#d4  #aj4 4 ,& ,fir/1 9 "s ,plants1 z   
,gr\nd-,ivy1 ,/4 ,johns ,wort1 & div]s  
o!rs1 :]e ! ,leaves are small1 pretty   
num]\s1 & gr[ by pairs1 !y h no ,f\ld1 b
 /& ,flat & ,tang5t1 l a pair (         
,battl$ores clapt toge!r4  #aa4 4 ,!y h 

! l ,po/ure 9 ,baum2 sav+1 t "h ! ,edges
 ( ! ,leaves are a little curl$ backw>d4
 ,n ,roll$1 a ,curl be+ b ! beg9n+ ( a  
,roll4 ,s ! sev]al ,labels ( a          
,gr\nsel-,leaf are all laid 9 a         
,back-,curl4  #ab4 4 ,! ,leaves ( "s    
,plants1 z ,horeh\nd1 ,:ite ,lamium1    
,nettle1 & o!rs1 are likewise only      
,tang5t1 b are set ) a ,=e-,curle4 ,& ! 
sev]al ,labels or ,scallops ( ! ,leaf ( 
,common ,cr[foot1 are all ,curl$ ,inw>d4
 ,b ^? ( ,hepatica aurea1 are compos$   
into ,d\ble ,=e-,rolls4   #ac4 4 ,,!    
,leaves ( ,sage1 ,scabi\s1 ,r$ ,lamium1 
,ly*9is ,sylve/ris1 & o!rs1 are nei!r   
c\*$ "o ov] ano!r1 z 9 ! ,b[-,lap2 nor  
plat$1 z 9 ! ,flat ,lap2 b be+ loosely  
f\ld$1 ( e pair ( ,leaves1 ! half ( "o  
is reciprocally receiv$ betwe5 ! two    
halfs ( ano!r1 & may !re=e be call$ !   
,cleep4  ,tab4 #db4  ,a ,position v well
 suit$ to ! ,smalness ( _! ,numb]1 & !  
,equality ( _! ,size1 n s well agree+ ) 
! ,b[-,lap2 & ! some:at inw>d ,po/ure ( 
! ,fibres1 n all[+ ! ,flat ,lap4        

,sometimes1 z 9 ,syr+a1 :]e ! ,leaves   
are broad]1 ! ,cleep is joyn$ ) a       
,=e-,curle4   #ad4 4 ,,! la/ ,i %all    
m5tion1 is ! ,plaite-,roll1 z 9 !       
,lapa?um ,alp9um1 :i* "s call ,engli%   
,rhub>b4 ,! ,leaves :]e( are s v l>ge1 &
 ! ,fibres s prom95t2 t besides & "u !  
two ,back-,rolls1 !y are also laid 9    
sev]al ,plaits1 & "u ^? ,plaits1 aga9 ) 
less] ones1 all mo/ exquisitely ,tuck$  
up betwe5 ! said ,fibres3 ,s1 z nei!r to
 bruise ! same1 nor yet to leave any    
,vacuity3 :]eby e ,leaf1 & ! :ole ,bud1 
lie close & r\nd )9 _! ,veils4          
,,*ap4 ,,ii4               ,( ^? ?+s :i*
 appe> ^u ! ,surface                    
( ! ,leaf4   ,,^! are ,globul>          
,excresc5ces1 ,spots1 ,hairs1 ,?orns &  
,prickles3 ( all :i*1 except ,spots1 ,i 
h spok5 9 ! ,app5dix to ! ,*apt] (      
,leaves 9 ! ,fir/ ,book4  #b4 4 ,( !    
,globulets1 x may "h be fur!r not$1 ,t  
^? :i* are :ite1 & lie sometimes l a f9e
 ,p[d] ^u ! ,leaf1 7 once transp>5t1 z 9
 ,be>s-,e>2 _! cle] ,liquor be+ n[      

evaporat$ to an ,extract ( ,:ite ,fl[]s4
  ,tab4 #dc4  ,?is1 if lick$ (f1 w give 
y ! ,ta/ ( ! m ,ess5tial ,cont5t ( !    
,plant2 diff]5t f t p]ceiv$ 9 *ew+ !    
,leaf4  #c4 4 ,= ! obs]v+ ( !m1 x may   
also be not$1 ,t al?\gh !y (t5 gr[ on   
bo? sides ! ,leaf alike2 yet sometimes1 
z 9 ,gr\nd-,ivy1 only or *iefly on !    
,back-,side4 ,& t 9 _m ,plants1 :]e !   
eld] ,leaves h none2 on ! "y ,buds !y   
are v num]\s2 z 9 ,cor9 ,tree1 ,sorrel1 
& o!rs4   #d4 4 ,,z = ,spots1 ! small]  
ones are obs]vable n only 9 ,/4         
,johns-worts1 79 :i* ,plant only !y are 
commonly tak5 notice (7 b also 9 ,rue1  
,tab4 #dc4  ,gr\nd-,ivy1 ,pymp]nel or   
,anagallis1 & div]s o!r ,plants1 :5 held
 up aga9/ ! ,light4 ,! orig9al :]e(     
seems to be1 at lea/ 9 "s1 f !          
,globulets above m5tion$2 t is1 :5 !y   
break & dry away4 ,s ! ,spots (         
,rue-,leaves1 :i* 9 ! ,refection (      
,light look black1 b ^u ! ,trajection   
!re( are transp>5t2 are s _m little     
,holes1 p\nc$ half way ?r\gh ! ?ickness 

( ! ,leaf1 & seem z made1 by ! break+ & 
dry+ away ( z _m ,globulets4 ,:5ce also1
 z ! ,globulets are be/ se5 9 ! y\ng]   
,leaves1 s ^! ,spots 9 ! eld]4   #e4 4  
,,besides ^!1 & "s o!rs 7z ^? 9         
,ladies-,?i/le7 :i* are ,natural to !   
,leaf2 !re are also "s ,spots1 or r     
,/reaks1 :i* are ,adv5titi\s2 z ^? 9 !  
,leaves ( ,son*us4  ,tab4 #dc4  ,!      
,cause :]e(1 is a small flat ,insect1 ( 
a grey ,col\r1 & ab\t  ( an ,in* long4  
,:i* nei!r rang+ 9 br$?1 nor /rik+ deep 
into ! ,leaf2 eats s mu* only z lies j  
be=e x1 & s runs scudd+ along betwixt ! 
,sk9 & ! ,pulp ( ! ,leaf2 leav+ a :iti% 
,/reak beh9d x1 :]e ! ,sk9 is n[ loose1 
z ! measure ( its ,voyage4   #f4 4 ,,!  
,orig9al & sev]al k9ds ( ,?orns1 ,i h   
describ'd 9 ! above said ,app5dix4 ,i   
only add1 t ! v ,leaves ( "s ,plants1 if
 !y /& till ! second ye>1 are *ang$ into
 s _m ,?orns1 z 9 ! ,furz4  #g4 4 ,!y   
are ( ,use1 n only = ! ,protection ( !  
,bud2 b likewise1 = ! support ( !       
,plant2 z is obs]vable 9 ^? ,climb]s1   

:i* are nei!r /rong en\gh to /& (       
!mselves2 nor yet1 f _! fragility1 are  
capable ( w9d+ ab\t ano!r1 )\t be+ torn 
all to pieces4 ,= :i* end also1 ^!      
,?orns gr[ n l ,buds1 erect$2 b poynt   
all d[nw>ds1 l s _m ,t5t]s or           
,hang+-hooks3 z 9 ! ,bramble1 *iefly on 
! ,/alks2 & 9 ,cliv]s1  ,tab4 #dc4  also
 on ! ,leaves !mselves2 :]eby !y cat* at
 any ,?+ t /&s next !m2 & s1 al?\gh su* 
slim & feeble ,plants1 yet easily climb 
to a v great hight4   #h4 4 ,,( ,,!     
sev]al ,figures ( ,hairs1 & _! ,use1    
,b4 #a4 ,*4 #d4  ,i h also spok54 ,z to 
"o ,use1 sc4 ! ,protection !y give to ! 
,leaf1  ,tab4 #dc4  ,i %all "h fur!r    
note1 ,t ! design ( ,nature1 is ! m     
evid5t if we consid]1 ,t all ,leaves are
 n alike ,hairy1 nor at all times1 nor 9
 e "p3 b diff]5tly1 accord+ to _! ,age1 
,sub/ance1 ,texture1 & ,f\ld+ up4 ,_!   
,age2 = !re are _m "y ,buds cov]$ ) a   
?ick w>m ,hair1 :i* aft]w>ds dries up & 
disappe>s1 z useless2 z ^? ( ! ,v9e1    
,gold5 ,liv]wort1 c4 ,_! ,sub/ance2 s ^?

 ,buds :i* are t5d]e/1 & w\ld soon] feel
 ! cold1 if nak$1 h ! fulle/ ,hair2 z ( 
,?i/le1 ,mull51 ,burdock1 & o!rs4 ,_!   
,/ructure2 !re=e ^? ,leaves1 ^: ,fibres 
/& m prom95t or above _! ,surface1 le/ !
 cold %\ld nip !m1 are cov]$ ) great]   
,/ore ( ,hair2 z 9 ,mo?-,mull51         
,g>d5-,cl>y1 & ! l4 ,& _! ,f\ld2 x be+  
obs]vable1 ,t ^? ,leaves :i* are fold$  
up inw>d1 h little or no ,hair on _!    
inn]1 b only on _! ,back-,sides1 :i* are
 op5 to ! ,a]2 z is visible 9 ,cor91    
,w>d51 ,gold5 ,liv]wort1 & o!rs4  #i4 4 
,add h]eto1 ,t :]e !re is ,/ore ( ,hair1
 ,nature is ! less sollicit\s = o!r     
,cov]s2 & :]e !re is n1 %e is m4 ,s !   
,leaves ( ,beans & ,peas51 ( ,nettle1   
,planta91 c4 n be+ ,hairy1 h ea* a      
,surfoyl1 or else c]ta9 ,hairy ,?rums1  
to protect !m4 ,& ^? ,plants :i* h      
nei!r1 are su* z h a ,hott] ,juyce1 & s 
less subject to ! impressions ( ,cold1 z
 ,spe]wort1 ,scurvygrass1 ,wat]cress1   
,f5il1 & mo/ ( ! ,umbellif]\s ,k9d4     
#aj4 4 ,hair is ( use to pres]ve "y     

,buds1 n only1 f ! cold ,a]1 b also f   
too mu* ,wet2 :i*1 if x 7 contigu\s1    
especially 9 ,w9t]1 w\ld (t5 rot &      
de/roy !m4 ,b be+ made to /& (f 9 drops 
at ! ends ( ! ,hair1 do? n hurt1 b      
refre% !m4 ,?us do? ,nature make !      
meane/ ,?+s sometimes subs]ve to ! be/  
,ends4                                  
,,*ap4 ,,iii4       ,( ! ,figure ( !    
,leaf2 & ! ,app>5t ,position (          
! ,fibres4   ,,t :i* 9 ! ,leaf (f]s x   
self next to be obs]v$1 is its ,figure4 
,?is is inf9itely v>i$ ) ! sev]al ,k9ds 
( ,plants3 & !re are "s1 :i* h ,leaves  
7besides ! two fir/ ,dissimil> ones7 (  
,two ,k9ds or ,two di/9ct ,figures2 z ! 
,bitt]-,sweet1 ! common ,little ,bell1  
,val]ian1 ,lady-,smocks1 & o!rs4 ,= !   
,"u ,leaves ( ,bitt]-,sweet1 are        
,entire2 ! ,upp]1 ) two ,lobes3 ! ,"u   
,leaves ( ! ,little ,bell1 l ^? (       
,pancy2 ! ,upp]1 l ^? ( ,c>nation1 or ( 
,sweet-,william4 ,& 9 "s ,plants1       
,nature affecte? a ,k9d ( ,irregul>ity2 
! ,leaves :]e( are ( no "o c]ta9        

,figure2 z 9 ,dragon1 ,peony1           
,bi%ops-,we$1 c4   #b4 4 ,,b ! ,leaves (
 mo/ ,plants1 h a ,regul> ,figure2 & ?is
 ,regul>ity1 bo? 9 ,l5g? & ,circuit1    
always def9eable4 ,9 ,l5g?2 by !        
,proportion betwe5 ! sev]al ,leaves ^u  
"o ,/alk1  ,tab4 #df4  or betwe5 !      
sev]al ,lobes ^u "o ,leaf4 ,s ! ,leaves 
( ,clematis ,sylv4 major1 :i* /& by     
,t]n>ies1 %ort5 by equal ,proportions1 t
 is to say1 if1 ! *ief ,fib] ( ea*1 be  
divid$ into equal ,p>ts2 _! sev]al      
,l5g?s are n z ,t51 ,eight1 & ,f\r2 b z 
,t51 ,eight1 & ,six4 ,s ! ,lobes &      
,fib]s ( ,clematis ,virg9iana ,h$]      
folio1 ( ,art5uisa1 c4 %ort5 9 l mann]  
by equal ,proportions4 ,! same is       
obs]vable 9 measur+1 ^u a               
,gooseb]ry-,leaf1  ,tab4 #df4  f !      
,poynt ( ! fir/ ,lobe1 to ! fir/ ,angle2
 f !nce1 to ! second ,poynt2 f !nce1 to 
! second ,angle2 & f !nce to ! ?ird     
,poynt4  #c4 4 ,b 9 _m1 ! ,proportion is
 diff]5t4 ,s 9 ! ,leaves ( ! ,less]     
,maple2 ! %ortn+ ( ! small] ,lobes1 )   

respect to ! middlemo/2 is n ,equal1 b  
,d\ble to t ( ! middlemo/1 ) respect to 
! ,great]4 ,= if _! *ief ,fibres be     
divid$ into ,equal ,p>ts1 !y are z      
,elev51 ,n9e1 & ,five4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 
! ,leaves ( ,al?a fruticosa             
,p5taphylloidea1 ! middlemo/ ,lobes     
%ort5 by a great] ,proportion ?an !     
,lea/2 all ?ree be+ z ,t51 ,f\rte51 &   
,tw5ty4   #d4 4 ,,) respect to !        
,circumf]5ce1 ! ,figure ( mo/ ,leaves is
 v ,complex4 ,yet ,two ?+s are evid5t4  
,fir/1 t all ,regul> ,leaves1 are def9$ 
or measur$ out by ,circles2 t is1 by !  
,ar*es or ,segm5ts ( sev]al ,circles1   
hav+ ei!r ! same1 or div]s ,c5t]s &     
,diamet]s4 ,secondly1 ,t ! ,l5g? ( !    
,leaf1 or ( ! *ief ,fib] !re(1 is !     
,/&>d ,measure = ! ,diamet]s ( ^!       
,circles3 ^! be+ ei!r its full ,l5g?1 or
 c]ta9 equal p>ts sub/ract$1 or         
multipli$2 z half its ,l5g?1 or its     
,l5g? & half1 c4   #e4 4 ,,to make ?is  
appe>1 ,i %all give sev]al ,in/ances3 ( 
"s1 :]e bo? ! ,edges are ( "o ,measure2 

& ( o!rs1 :]e !y are diff]5t4 ,& ( bo?  
k9ds1 :]e !y are measur$ by few]1 & :]e 
by m ,circles4  #f4 4 ,! ,leaf (        
,lagopus major fol4 p5nat4 is measur$ by
 ,"o ,circle1 ! same on bo? ,edges1 ^:  
,diametre is ,?rice ! ,l5g? ( ! ,leaf4  
#g4 4 ,t ( ,syd]itis ,salvi fol4 by ,two
 ,circles3 ! ,diamet] ( ! ,l[]1 be+     
,twice ! ,l5g? ( ! ,leaf2  ,tab4 #dd4  (
 ! upp]1 ! ,l5g? & half4 ,9 bo? ^! !    
,circles are drawn ,outw>d2 t is1 ) _!  
,c5t]s "s :]e ^u ! middlemo/ or *ief    
,fib] ( ! ,leaf4  #h4 4 ,t (            
,orange-,tree1 is also measur$ by ,two  
,circles3 b "o ( !m repeat$ ) ,opposite 
,c5t]s4 ,t next ! ,cone ( ! ,leaf1 is   
drawn ,inw>d2 t is1 ) ! ,c5t] no :]e ^u 
! ,leaf1 b )\t x4 ,! ,diamet] h]e( is j 
! ,l5g? ( ! ,leaf4  ,tab4 #dd4  ,! midle
 "p ( ! ,edge is measur$ by ! same      
,circle1 only drawn ,outw>d4 ,! l[]     
,circle next ! ,/alk1 is drawn ,inw>d1 z
 ! upp]2 & its ,diamet] ,?ree times !   
,l5g? ( ! ,leaf4  #i4 4 ,! ,leaf ( !    
,v5etian ,vet*1 is measur$ by ,?ree     

,circles4 ,t next ! ,cone1 drawn ,inw>d2
 ! ,diamet] :]e( is ,twice ! ,l5g? ( !  
,leaf2 ! next is drawn ,outw>d2  ,tab4  
#dd4  :]e( ! ,diamet]1 is j ! ,l5g?4 ,! 
?ird or l[]mo/1 is drawn also ,outw>d2 &
 its ,diamet]1 half ! ,l5g?4 ,s t !y all
 less5 by an ,equal ,proportion4  #aj4 4
 ,! ,leaf ( ,great ,las]wort1 is also   
measur$ by ,?ree ,circles2 all drawn    
,outw>d1 & "o ( !m ,repeat$4 ,! ,diamet]
 ( t next ! ,cone1 is ,half ! ,l5g? ( ! 
,leaf2  ,tab4 #de4  ( ! next1 ,?rice !  
,l5g?2 ( ! ,?ird1 j ! ,l5g?2 ! l[]mo/1  
is ! same ) ! ,fir/4  #aa4 4 ,t ( ,broad
 ,leav'd ,las]wort1 is also measur$ )   
,?ree ,circles2 & "o ( !m repeat$ )     
,opposite ,c5t]s4 ,! ,diamet] ( ! ,fir/1
 is ,half ! ,l5g? ( ! ,leaf2  ,tab4 #dd4
  ( ! ,second1 ,twice ! ,l5g?2 ( !      
,?ird1 j ! ,l5g?3 all ( !m drawn        
,outw>d4 ,t next ! ,/alk1 is ! same ) ! 
,fir/2 only drawn ,inw>d4  #ab4 4 ,!    
,figure ( ! ,leaf ( ! ,cornelian ,*]ry1 
is exactly t ( ! =ego+1 ,inv]t$3 ! same 
measure !re beg9n+ at ! ,base1  ,tab4   

#dd4  & end+ at ! ,cone2 :i* "h beg9s at
 ! ,cone1 & ends at ! ,base3 z by comp>+
 _! ,draughts toge!r may be obs]v'd4    
#ac4 4 ,,9 ,,all1 ! =ego+ ,examples1 bo?
 ! ,edges ( ! ,leaves h ! same ,measure4
 ,b !y h (t5times1 diff]5t ones2 z 9 ^! 
t foll[4  #ad4  ,! ,leaf ( ,al?a        
fruticosa1 is measur$ by ,?ree ,circles4
 ,! left ,edge 7z ! ,leaf lies ) !      
backside upw>d7 by ,"o ,circle1 b ,twice
 repeat$4 ,= ! ,diamet] ( ! ,fir/1 is ! 
,l5g? ( ! ,leaf2  ,tab4 #de4  ! ,second 
is ! same1 b drawn ^u ano!r ,c5t]2 !    
,?ird also ! same1 b drawn ,inw>d4 ,! "r
 ,edg1 is measur'd by ,two ,circles3 !  
,diamet] ( ! ,fir/1 be+ ! ,l5g? ( !     
,leaf2 ( ! ,second1 ,half ! ,l5g?4  #ae4
 4 ,t ( ,black ,popl>1 by ,?ree2 & ea*  
,edge by ,?ree repeat$4 ,on ! left1 !   
,diamet] ( ! ,fir/1 is ! ,l5g? ( !      
,leaf2  ,tab4 #de4  ( ! ,second1 ,half !
 l5g?2 ( ! ,?ird1 ! ,l5g? & ,half4 ,!   
,measure ( ! "r ,edge1 is t ( ! left1   
,inv]t$3 ! same ,measure !re beg9n+ at !
 ,base1 & end+ at ! ,cone2 :i* "h beg9s 

at ! ,cone1 & ends at ! ,base4  #af4 4  
,t ( ,doronicum1 is measur$ by ,?ree    
,circles1 :]e(1 "o is repeat$ ,once2 &  
ano!r ,?rice4 ,! "r ,edge by ,two1 & ,"o
 repeat$4 ,= ! ,diamet] ( ! ,fir/ or t  
next ! ,cone2 is ! ,l5g? ( ! ,leaf2 !   
next is ! same1 b drawn ,outw>d2 !      
,diamet] ( ! ,?ird1 is ,half ! ,l5g?4 ,!
 left ,edge1 by ,?ree ,circles2  ,tab4  
#de4  :]e( ,"o is repeat$ on ! same     
,edge1 & ,two1 ! same1 z on ! o!r4 ,= ! 
,diamet] ( ! fir/1 is ! ,l5g? ( ! ,leaf2
 ( ! ,second1 ,f\r times ! ,l5g?2 !     
,?ird1 ! same z ! ,fir/2 & ( ! ,f\r?1   
,half ! ,l5g?4  #ag4 4 ,la/ly1 t (      
,m\nta9 ,calam9t is measur$ by ,f\r     
,circles4  ,tab4 #de4  ,! left ,edge1 by
 ,?ree ,circles1 ( :i*1 ! l[]mo/ is once
 repeat$3 ! "r ,edge also by ,two2 :]e( 
! ne!r is likewise once repeat$4  #ah4 4
 ,x may seem1 ev5 f ^! ,in/ances1 no v  
unobvi\s ,conclusion2 ,t all ,crook$    
,l9es1 ,spiral1 ,helick1 ,elliptick1    
,hyp]bolick1 ,regul>1 or ,irregul>2 are 
made up ( ! ,ar*es ( ,circles1 hav+ ei!r

 ! same1 or div]s ,c5t]s & ,diamet]s4   
,&1 z o!rwise s f ! ,contemplation (    
,plants1 m5 might fir/ be invit$ to     
,ma!matical ,enquirys4   #ai4 4 ,,toge!r
 ) ! ,figure ( ! ,leaf1 ! ,position ( ! 
,fib]s1 z x is app>5t be=e ,dissection1 
is obs]vable2 especially on ! back ( !  
,leaf4 ,:]e( ,i %all add1 to :at ,i h   
said 9 ! ,fir/ ,book1 ! foll[+          
,rem>ques4  #bj4 4 ,fir/1 t !re are "s  
,leaves1 9 :i* ! fir/ ,collat]al ,fibres
 make ,"r ,angles ) ! ,great "o 9 !     
midle3 z ! ,great-,maple1 ! ,great      
,cel&9e1 ,*ondrilla1 & ! re/1 or _m1 ( !
 ,intyb\s ,k9d2 ) "s few o!rs4 ,b t     
g5]ally all ! *ief ,fib]s ( a ,leaf1    
make ,acute ,angles toge!r3 bo? :]e !y  
/& collat]al ) ! midle ,fib]1 z 9       
,/rawb]ry2 & :]e !y all "p at ! ,/alk1 z
 9 ,mall[4  #ba4 4 ,aga91 t ( ^!1 !re   
are "s few1 any two ( ^: ,def9+ ,fibres 
mak+ two ,rays ( equal ,l5g?1 take 9 ,"o
 ,eigh? ,"p ( a ,circle1  ,tab4 #df1    
#dg4  z 9 ,mall[1 & 9 "s "o ,t5?3 b 9   
mo/ !y take 9 ei!r "o ,twelf? "p1 z 9   

,holy-,oak2 or "o ,six?1 z 9 ,sirynga4  
,s t :]e ! ,fibres /& ,collat]al ) "o 9 
! midle1 if y suppose !m to be drawn out
 at ,opposite ,angles2 or :]e ! *ief    
,fib]s "p at ! ,/alk1 y only take 9 !   
,/alk2 y w !reby divide a ,circle into  
,eight1 ,twelve1 or ,six equal ,p>ts2 z 
9 ,sirynga1 ! ,v9e & o!rs4 ,& s         
likewise1 :]e !re are sev]al ,sprigs ^u 
"o ,/em1  ,tab4 #df1 #dg4  z 9 ,f5il1   
,hemlock1 & ! l3 z w be/ be und]/ood by 
! ,figures4                             
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                 ,( ! ,p>ts 
& ,texture ( ! ,leaf4   ,i ,,come next  
to obs]ve ! sev]al ,p>ts1 :]e( ! ,leaf  
is compos$3 & fir/ ! ,sk94 ,?is be+     
/ript (f ! ,leaf1 al?\gh to ! b>e ,eye x
 looks no o!rwise ?an a ,sk9 ( ,is+lass3
 yet be+ view$ ?r\gh a good ,glass1 ) a 
cle> & true ,light1 & 9 an advantagi\s  
,position2 x appe>s to consi/ n only (  
,organical ,p>ts1 z d ! ,sk9s (         
,animals2 b ^! also ,regul>ly mix$      
toge!r2 t is1 ( ,p>5*ym\s & ,lign\s     
,fibres1 all v curi\sly int]wov5 z x 71 

into a piece ( admirably f9e :ite       
,s>c5et3 z 9 ,flag1 ,tulip1 & ! l4      
,tab4 #dh4   #b4 4 ,f h5ce1 x is easy to
 conceive h[ ! ,sk9s ( all ,plants1 z   
well z ^? ( ,animals1 are p]spirable2   
sc4 betwe5 ! sev]al ,fib]s ( :i* !y     
consi/4 ,b z ! ,sk9s ( ,animals1        
especially 9 "s ,p>ts1 are made ) c]ta9 
op5 ,pores or ,orifices1 ei!r = !       
,reception1 or ! ,elim9ation ( some?+ = 
! b5efit ( ! ,body3 s likewise ! ,sk9s1 
( at lea/ _m ,plants1 are =m$ ) sev]al  
,orifices or ,pass-ports1 ei!r = ! bett]
 ,avolation ( ,sup]flu\s ,sap1 or !     
,admission ( ,a]4   #c4 4 ,,^! ,orifices
 are n 9 all ,leaves alike2 b v>i$ 9    
,bigness1 ,numb]1 ,%ape1 & ,position3   
,s]v+ to ! diff]5t ,nature ( ! ,plant1  
or ,leaf2 & giv+ ! ,leaf1 z x 71 a      
diff]5t ,gra94 ,pr9ces ,fea!r1 i4 e4 a  
,sort ( ,sanicle1 !y /& only on ! ,edges
 ( ! ,leaf2 b are v ample4 ,9 ! ,:ite   
,lily1 !y are ,oval1 v :ite1 & ea*      
surr\nd$ ) a sl5d] :ite ,bord]4 ,!y /&  
ab\t a #f or #h "p ( an ,in* di/ant1    

,tab4 #dh4  z !y appe> ?r\gh a good     
,glass1 all ov] ! ,leaf1 b n 9 any      
regul> ,ord]4 ,^! ,orifices are ! cause 
( ! ,greyi% ,gloss on ! upp] side !     
,leaf3 = ! ,back-side1 9 :i* !re are    
none ( !m1 is ( a d>k ,sea-,gre54  #d4 4
 ,9 ! ,leaf ( ,p9e1 !y are also ,oval1 &
 ab\t ! same ,bigness & ,numb]1 z 9 t ( 
a ,lily2 yet )\t a ,bord]4  ,tab4 #dh4  
,b _! ,position is v ,elegant1 /&+ all1 
mo/ exactly1 9 ,rank & ,file f "o end ( 
! ,leaf to ! o!r4   #e4 4 ,,next ,,to ! 
,sk91 lies ! ,pulpy "p ( ! ,leaf2 :i* by
 ! same latitude1 z ,use ha? taught u 9 
_m o!r ,words1 ,i call ! ,p>5*yma4 ,?is 
,p>5*yma or ,pulp ( ! ,leaf1 l ! ,pi?1 &
 all o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( a ,plant is  
made up ( incomp>ably small ,cyl9drick  
,fibres3 & ^! ,fibres1 9 mo/ ,leaves1   
wov5 & w\n'd up into little ,bladd]s4   
#f4 4 ,! ,bladd]s are "h ( sev]al       
,sizes1 z 9 ! ,pi?3 b g5]ally m visible 
9 ! ,/alk1 ?an 9 ! ,body ( ! ,leaf4     
,tab4 #di4  ,v>i$1 z 9 ! ,pi?1 s "h1 n  
accord+ to ! ,size1 b ! ,nature ( !     

,leaf4 ,s 9 ,common ,dock1 & ,mo?       
,mulle91 bo? ,great ,leaves1 !y are     
,small2 9 ,wild ,cl>y1 a ,less] ,leaf1  
!y are v ,l>ge4  ,tab4 #ej4  ,9 ! ,body 
( ! ,leaf1 sometimes ! ,sides ( ! great]
 ,bladd]s1 are made up ( less] ones2 z 9
 ,borage4  #g4 4 ,9 "s ,leaves1 ^!      
,p>5*ym\s ,fibres are all drawn close up
 toge!r4 ,9 ! ,=m]1 !y are z ! ,?r$s 9 !
 ,op5-"w ( ,bone-,lace2 9 ,^!1 z ! same 
,?r$s1 9 ! ,clo?-"w4  #h4 4 ,! ,pi?y    
,"p1 9 ! ,/alk1 & almo/ up to ! ,top ( !
 *ief ,fib]1 9 _m ,leaves1 is ,tubul>2  
ev5 :il/ !y are yet ,"y & ,sappy3 z 9   
,sweet ,*]vil1 ,hemlock1 ,endive1       
,ci*ory1 ,lampsana1 ,d&elion1 ,burdock1 
,daisye1 ,scorzon]a1 & o!rs4 ,&         
sometimes ! said ,pi?y ,"p is op5$ into 
sev]al little ,pipes1 l s _m            
,a]-,vessels1 above  ( a ,foot long2 z 9
 ! ,common ,dock & ! ,little ,spurge1 by
 "s call$ ,w>t-,wort4   #i4 4 ,,! ,/r+s 
( ! ,leaf1 or ^? ,fibres :i* are visible
 to ! b>e ,eye1 are compos$ ( ,vessels (
 ! ,two ,g5]al ,k9ds1 sc1 = ,sap1 & =   

,a]4 ,!y are joyntly di/ribut$ ?r\gh\t !
 ,leaf3 ,yet n s1 z to run me]ly        
p>allel2 z 9 ,animals1 e ,art]y ha? its 
,ve93 b ! ,a]-,vessels are e :]e        
,inclos$1 or z x 7 %ea!d 9 !            
,sap-,vessels4   #aj4 4 ,,_! ,position  
is v>i\s & regul>1 n only 9 ! ,body ( ! 
,leaf1 z is above %ew$2 b likewise 9 !  
,/alk3 ( :i* also ,i h giv5 sev]al      
,in/ances 9 ! ,fir/ ,book4 ,i %all "h   
note1 & m p>ticul>ly describe1 ,"o or   
,two m4 ,9 ! ,/alk ( a ,mall[-,leaf1 !y 
/& 9 ,six ,oblong ,p>cels ( equal ,size1
 & 9 a ,r+ ne> ! ,circuit4  ,tab4 #di4  
,:]eby ! ,/alk is /rong]1 ! ,gr[? h]e(1 
be=e & beh9d1 m equal1 & s ! po/ure ( ! 
,leaf m erect4  #aa4 4 ,9 ,d&elyon1 !y  
/& 9 ,five ,p>cels3 ( :i* ! ,great] /&s 
a little beh9d ! ,c5tre ( ! ,/alk2      
figur$ into a v small ,half-,moon or    
,semi-,tube1 ^: ,diametre1 ?r\gh a      
,glass1 is n above  ( an ,in*4 ,! o!r   
,f\r1 are extream small ,cyl9d]s4       
,altoge!r make an ,angle1 twice z big z 
t ( a ,v ,consonant4  ,tab4 #di4        

,:]eby1 al?\gh ! ,/alk be /rong en\gh to
 support ! y\ng] ,leaves2 yet ^? :i* are
 gr[n long]1 & s n only by _! ,bulk1 b  
_! f>!r ,ext5sion f ! ,c5t] ( ,gravity1 
are become m weighty2 commonly lie flat 
on ! ,gr\nd4  #ab4 4 ,9 ,wild ,cl>y1 !y 
/& also 9 ,five ,p>cels1 ! ,great] /&s n
 beh9d1 b be=e ! ,c5t]2 mak+ an ,ar*1 ^:
 ,*ord 9 a ,glass1 is above  an ,in*    
long2 & belonge? to a ,circle1 ^:       
,diamet] is an ,in* & half4  ,tab4 #di4 
,! o!r ,f\r1 are small ,cyl9d]s1 also   
diff]5t f ^? 9 ,d&elion2 ! two bigg]1   
!re /&+ h9dmo/2 b "h1 ! two ,less1 & !  
two ,bigg]1 )9 ! two r\nd ,ridges ( !   
,/alk4  #ac4 4 ,f h5ce x is1 t ! ,leaves
 ( ?is ,plant h n only a ,prone or      
,horizontal ,po/ure1 b also make t      
,=ceable ,pressure on ! ,gr\nd1 :i* c by
 no means be imput$ to _! ,weight4 ,= ! 
,great ,ar*$-,fibre /&+ be=e ! ,c5tre ( 
! ,/alk1 & ! two ,long] ,r\nd ones be+  
upp]mo/1 9 ! ,ridges ( ! ,/alk2 !y put  
on ! upp] p>ts !re( to a m full & =w>d  
,gr[?1 & s to b[ ! ,leaf back-w>d4 ,& ! 

,fibr\s ,ar* be+1 ?\gh broad1 yet almo/ 
flat1 do? h]eby ! m easily yield to t   
,motion4  #ad4 4 ,9 ,borage1 &          
,mo?-,mull51 !y /& also 9 ,five ,p>cels4
  ,tab4 #di4  ,9 ! =m]1 ! l>ge/ make?   
/ill a m bulky ,ar*1 ?an t ( ,cl>y2 be+ 
?ick]1 z broad1 & ( a less] ,circle or m
 b[$4 ,b 9 ,mulle91 x make? almo/ an    
entire ,oval4  #ae4 4 ,by means ( ?is   
,figuration1 a suffici5t numb] (        
,vessels = su* l>ge ,leaves1 are n only 
m conv5i5tly ,di/ribut$ into !m2 b also 
/& m safely 9 ! ,/alk4 ,= 7 ! ,ar*      
contract$ into a solid ,cyl9d]1 x c\ld n
 s pres5tly be resolv$ into small       
,fib]s4 ,& 7 x laid into a flat ,plate1 
or /raight out1 ei!r ! ,figure ( !      
,/alk1 & s ( ! ,leaf1 mu/ be alt]$2 or  
else1 ! two ends ( ! ,plate1 w\ld come  
too ne> ! ,circumf]5ce ( ! ,/alk1 & s be
 m liable to ! ,impressions ( ! ,wea!r3 
z may be obs]v$ 9 cutt+ ! ,/alk         
transv]sly1 & by ! ,figures4   #af4 4   
,,9 ! ,body ( ! ,leaf1 besides !        
,positions ( ! ,fibr\s ,/r+s or ,?r$s2  

above express$1 !re is "o ,?r$1 bigg] or
 less1 :i* 9 all ,plants1 runs r\nd !   
,edge ( ! ,leaf1 & hems 9 all ! re/2 b c
 h>dly be well obs]v$ 9 any1 )\t /ripp+ 
(f ! ,sk9 ( ! ,leaf4  ,tab4 #ej4  ,:5 ! 
,fibres ( ! ,leaf1 are bigg]1 or less   
t5d]1 z 9 ,holly1 ! ,sk9 & ! ,pulp are  
sometimes f\nd ei!r rott$ (f1 or eat5   
away ) ,insects2 :]eby1 bo? ! said      
surr\nd+ ,fib]1 & ! re/1 are all v      
fairly visible4   #ag4 4 ,,! ,vessels   
seem to be cont9u'd1 9 ! ,leaf1 by be+  
,ramifi$ out ( ,great] into ,less1 z    
,ve9s or ,art]ies are 9 ,animals4 ,b if 
! ,sk9 & ,pulp ( ! ,leaf1 z suppose a   
,borage-,leaf be tak5 (f1 & ! ,vessels  
laid b>e2 by ! help ( a good ,glass1 x w
 appe>2 ,t !y are all ( ! same ,size1 e 
:]e 9 ! ,leaf2  ,tab4 #ej4  & also      
cont9u$ ?r\gh\t ! same1 all sev]al &    
di/9ct ,pipes "o f ano!r1 z ! ,?r$s 9 a 
,ske9 ( ,silk4 ,& t !re=e ! ,di/ribution
 ( ! ,?r$s :i* ! ,vessels compose1 is n 
! ,ramify+ ( ,great] ,pipes into ,less2 
b ! divid+ a great] ,clu/] ( ,pipes1    

into sev]al less] ,clu/]s1 till at la/  
!y come to be s+le2 z 9 ! ,di/ribution (
 ! ,n]ves4  #ah4 4 ,! ,vessels seem also
 to be ,inosculat$1 n only side to side1
 b ! ends ( "s into ! ,sides ( o!rs4 ,b 
nei!r is ?is ev] really done3  ,tab4    
#ej4  ! less] ,?r$s1 be+ only s f>      
diduct$1 z sometimes to /& at           
,"r-,angles ) ! great]4 ,s t !y are     
,inosculat$ only ,end to ,end or ,m\? to
 ,m\?1 aft] !y are come at la/ to _!    
f9al di/ribution4  #ai4 4 ,!            
,a]-,vessels1 are n only1 z is said1    
,exi/5t 9 ! ,leaves ( all ,plants2 b are
 h]e9 also discov]able )\t ! help (     
,glasses3 ,= ^u break+ ! ,/alk or *ief  
,fib]s ( a ,leaf2 ! lik5ess ( a f9e     
,woolly ,sub/ance1 or r ( curi\s small  
,cobwebs1 may be se5 to hang at bo? !   
brok5 ,ends4 ,?is is tak5 notice (1 only
 9 "s few ,plants1 z 9 ,scabi\s1 :]e x  
is m visible4  ,tab4 #ea1  #eb4  ,b may 
also be se5 m or less1 9 mo/ o!r        
,plants1 if ! ,leaves be v t5d]ly brok53
 z ,i h not$ ne> tw5ty ye>s s9ce2 & !nce

 conjectur'd !m a ,sort ( ,vessel common
 to ,plants4 ,n[ ?is f9e ,wool1 is      
really a ,ske9 ( ,a]-,vessels1 or r ( ! 
,fib]s ( ! ,a]-,vessels1 unroav$ f _!   
,spiral ,position1 & s drawn out 9      
,l5g?4 ,z !y appe> ?us unroav$ & drawn  
out at ,l5g?1 bo? to ! b>e ,eye1 & ?r\gh
 a good ,microscope1 ,i h repres5t$ 9   
two ,examples1 ! "o a ,scabi\s ,leaf1 ! 
o!r t ( a ,v9e4   #bj4 4 ,,! ,weftage ( 
! ,/r+s & ,p>5*ym\s ,fib]s toge!r1 is "h
 made 9 ! same mann]1 z ha? be5 describ$
 9 ! ,anatomy ( ! ,root1 & ,trunk3 ! =m]
 be+ 9 "s ,sort z ! ,w>p1 ! latt] z !   
,wo( ( ! ,leaf4  #ba4 4 ,& "o ,example  
we h 7x may be m ?an "o7 :]e9 ,nature   
%ews1 ?\gh n a great]1 yet a diff]5t    
,art2 & t is ! ,palm-,net4 ,= :]eas 9   
o!r ,plants1 ! ,webb is made betwixt !  
,lign\s-,/r+s & ! ,fib]s ( ! ,p>5*yma1  
only visible ?r\gh a ,microscope3 "h !  
said ,/r+s !mselves are ,int]wov51 & !  
,weftage app>5t to ! b>e ,eye4 ,( ^!    
,palm-,nets or ,sacks1 !re are sev]al   
,sorts4 ,"o ( !m is compos$ 9 ?is mann]4

 ,x ha? a ,fivefold ,s]ies ( ,lign\s    
,/r+s or ,fib]s4 ,! greate/ :]e( swell  
out above ! re/2 & l s _m ,ribs1 are    
obliquely produc$ on bo? h&s1 s z to    
encompass ! ,sack4 ,along ea* ( ^!      
,ribs1 on ! inside ! ,sack1 runs a small
 ,:iti% ,l9e2 be+ a ,?read (            
,a]-,vessels gr[+ !reto4 ,betwixt ^!    
,ribs or l>g] ,/r+s1 !re are o!rs mu*   
less1 ,two or ,?ree betwixt ,rib & ,rib1
 ,p>allelly int]ject$4 ,on ! inside1 !re
 is a ,?ird ,s]ies1 :i* is also         
obliquely produc$2 b transv]sly to !    
=m]4 ,! ,f\r? & ,fif?1 consi/ ( !       
smalle/ ,/r+s2 n only ,transv]sly       
produc$1 b also ,alt]nately1 f ! outside
 to ! inside ( ! ,sack1  vice v]sa4 ,by 
^! two la/1 all ! re/ are mo/           
elaborately wov5 into "o entire & /rong 
piece ( ,"w4                            
,,*ap4 ,v4          ,( ! ,duration (    
,leaves1 & ! ,"t ( _!                   
,g5]ation4   ,,an ,ev]gre51 is "o degree
 above a ,plant :i* is simply ,p]5nial3 
( ,?is1 only ! ,trunk & ,buds live all !

 ,w9t]2 ( ,t1 also ! ,exp&$ ,leaves4 ,& 
an ,ev]gr[1 is a degree above an        
,ev]gre53 "h1 ! ,buds & "y ,sprigs1 d   
only live2 !re1 !y gr[ & are put =?4    
#b4 4 ,an ,ev]gre51 is made su*1 ei!r by
 ! ,t\ghness ( ! ,sk91 & ,clos5ess or   
,d5sity ( ! ,p>5*yma1 :]eby ! ,leaf is  
bett] able to endure ,cold2 z 9 ,holly3 
or by ! extream ,smalness or ,fewness ( 
! ,a]-,vessels1 :]eby ! ,sap is less    
dry$ up1 & s suffici5t1 ev5 9 ,w9t]1 = !
 ,n\ri%m5t ( ! ,leaf2 z 9 ,box1 & ,yew1 
z also ,fir1 & all ,res9if]\s ,plants4  
#c4 4 ,! p]petual ,gr[? ( a ,plant1     
seeme? to dep5d *iefly on ! ,nature ( ! 
,sap4 ,= all ,juyces w n f]m5t alike1   
nor ) ! same degree ( ,heat4 ,s t :]eas 
_m ,plants require a great] ,heat1 z t (
 ,summ]1 = ! f]m5t+ & di/ribution ( _!  
,juyces1 & s _! gr[?2 ! ,w>m? ( ,spr+ is
 suffici5t = _m o!rs2 & = "s few1 t (   
,w9t] x self4   #d4 4 ,,z ,,to ! ,"t    
:]e9 ! ,leaves are =m$2 ,fir/1 x is v   
probable1 ,t 9 ^? ,plants :i* h ,leaves 
7besides ! ,dissimil>7 ( ,two di/9ct    

,figures1 z ha? ! ,little ,common ,bell1
 & "s o!rs2 ! ,"u-,leaves1 :i* diff] 9  
,%ape f ! re/1 are all at fir/ =m$ 9 !  
,plume1 be=e x beg9s to spr\t2 & ! re/  
aft]w>ds2 ,t is to say1 t ! =m] ,leaves1
 are all =m$ 7out ( ,sap f ! ,trunk7 ) !
 ,se$ x self1 & s compose "o ,pr9cipal  
,"p !re(1 sc4 ! ,plume3 ! latt]1 n till 
aft] ! ,se$ is s['n1 & s ! ,plume       
supply'd ) ,sap imm$iately f ! ,root4   
,:i* ,sap1 x seems1 is s f> diff]5t f ! 
=m]1 z sometimes to produce a diff]5t   
,sort ( ,leaves4   #e4 4 ,,secondly1 ( !
 ,buds ( all ,trees1 & ( ,p]5ni-,/alks1 
x appe>s1 ,t !y consi/ ( a great numb] (
 ,leaves1 all p]fectly =m$ to ! ,c5tre2 
:]e1 not)/&+1 !y are sometimes1 n half s
 big z a ,*eese-,mite4 ,s t all !       
,leaves :i* /& ^u a ,bran* or ,ci5 ( "o 
:ole ,ye>s ,gr[?1 7 actually exi/5t 9 ! 
,bud4 ,x is also v obs]vable1 ,t al?\gh 
^! ,buds beg9 to be exp&$ n till ,spr+1 
yet are !y entirely ,=m$1 z to all _!   
,integral ,p>ts1 9 ! ,autumn =ego+4 ,s t
 ! :ole ,/ock ( ,leaves :i* gr[ ^u a    

,tree1 or any ,p]5nial ,/alk1 ?is ye>2 7
 made1 or actually 9 be+1 ! la/ ye>4 ,a 
great] ,heat1 m subtiliz$ ,a]1 & bett]  
concoct$ ,juyce1 be+ requisite = _!     
,g5]ation1 ?an = _! b>e ,expansion &    
,gr[?4   #f4 4 ,,la/ly1 ( all ,annual   
,plants1 9 :i* !re are sev]al           
,successive ,g5]ations ( ,buds1 "o "u   
ano!r 9 "o ye>2 al?\gh ,i h n made !    
,rem>que1 yet am apt to believe1 ,t z ! 
,leaves 9 e ,bud are all =m$ toge!r1 z 9
 o!r ,plants3 s likewise1 t !           
,successive ,g5]ations ( ! ,"u-,buds1   
beg9 at c]ta9 /at$ ,t]ms3 z 9 "s        
,plants1 at e ,new ,moon2 9 o!rs1 at !  
,full ,moon2 & 9 "s p]haps2 ) bo?1 or e 
,f\rt'night4                            
,,*ap4 ,,vi4    ,( ! ,mann] ( !         
,g5]ation ( ! ,leaf4 ,:]e also1      t (
 ! ,two ,g5]al ,p>ts ( a ,plant1 sc4 !  
,lign\s      & ,p>5*ym\s1 is fur!r      
expla9'd4   ,,! ,visible ,causes ( !    
,figures ( ,leaves1 h be5 =m]ly m5tion$4
  ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #d4  ,x may "h be fur!r   
not$1 ,t ! great] ,fib]s ( ! ,leaf1 be+ 

nev] ,brac$ 9 ! ,/alk2 x is a good      
prep>ative = _! bett] spread+ 9 ! ,leaf4
 ,z also1 t ! same is mu* fav\r'd1 by ! 
extream smalness ( ! ,a]-,vessels h]e93 
:]eby !y are m easily div>icat$1 9 !    
less] ,fib]s1 & s ! ,leaf dilat$4   #b4 
4 ,,b ^! & ! l are to be reckon$ a      
second>y ,ord] ( ,causes2 :i* s]ve r to 
c>ry on & improve1 t :i* ,nature ha?    
once begun4  ,idea1 4 #ec4  ,& !re=e1 we
 mu/ n only consid] ! visible ,me*anism 
( ! ,p>ts2 b also ! ,pr9ciples ( :i* !y 
are compos$2 :]e)1 ,nature seems to draw
 h] fir/ ,/rokes4  #c4 4 ,n[ ( ^!1 ,i h 
=m]ly1 & z ,i conceive ^u good gr\nd1   
suppos$1 ! *ief ,gov]n+ ,pr9ciple1 to be
 ! ,sal9e1 :e!r ,alkal9e1 ,acid1 or (   
any o!r ,k9d3  ,lib4 #b4 ,p4 #b4 4 #ca1 
c4  be+ 9 "s sort z ! ,mold ( a ,button1
 to :i* ! o!r ,pr9ciples1 z its ,attire1
 d all con=m4 ,or ! ,salts are1 z x 71 !
 ,bones2 ! o!r ,pr9ciples1 z ! ,fle% :i*
 cov]s !m4  #d4 4 ,a fur!r ,argum5t h]e(
 may be d$uc$ f ! ,cuticul> & o!r       
,concretions1 commonly call$ ,mo!rs1 9  

,di/ill'd ,wat]s1 ,v9eg>1 & o!r         
,liquors4 ,= 9 ^! ,concretions1 !re is  
always a t5d5ce to ,vegetation2 & _m (  
!m are true ,vegetables 9 _! ,k9d2 z    
%all h]eaft] be se54 ,n[ ! ,liquors1 9  
:i* ^! are g5]at$1 d always1 :olly or 9 
"p1 lose _! ,ta/ & ,smell1 & s become   
,vapid4 ,! m s5sible ,pr9ciples !re9    
hav+ made _! ,transit f ! ,fluid1 into !
 ,concrete ,p>ts4 ,s1 ,i h kn[n1        
sometimes1 ,v9eg> x self1 to become by  
^! ,concretions1 almo/ z ,ta/less z     
,common ,wat]4 ,:]eby x seems evid5t1 ,t
 ( ,vegetable ,pr9ciples1 !re are "s1 m 
,ma/]ly ?an o!rs3 & t ( ^!1 ! ,sal9e is 
! *ief4 ,! same is likewise argu$1 f !  
frequ5t ,exp]im5t ( _m good ,husb&-m52 t
 mo/ ,bodies :i* ab\nd ) ,salt1 are !   
greate/ ,n\ri%]s ( ,plants4  #e4 4 ,?is 
,sal9e ,pr9ciple1 z is above h9t$1 is to
 be und]/ood1 a ,g5]ik ,"n1 "u :i* div]s
 ,species are compreh5d$2 & ( "s :]e(1 x
 is always comp\nd$1 z 9 o!r ,bodies1 s 
9 ,plants4 ,z %all be made to appe>1 by 
div]s ,exp]im5ts1 :5 we come1 h]eaft]1  

to speak ( ,vegetable ,salts4 ,:]eby we 
are conduct$1 yet fur!r to enquire1 ,:at
 are ! ,pr9ciples ( ?is ,pr9ciple8   #f4
 4 ,,n[ ^! seem to be ,f\r2 a ,nitr\s1  
an ,acid1 an ,alkal9e1 & a ,m>9e4 ,!    
,admixture ( ! ,fir/1 is argu'd f !     
,place1 :i* ,nature ha? assign$ = !     
,g5]ation & ,gr[? ( mo/ ,plants1 sc4    
nei!r 9 ,cav]ns "u ,gr\nd1 z = ,m9]als2 
nor above x1 z = ,animals2 b ! ,surface 
( ! ,e>?1 :]e ?is ,sort ( ,salt is      
copi\sly br$4 ,& do? !re=e prove1 n only
 a ,mixture1 b a good ,proportion h]e( )
 ! o!r ,pr9ciples ( a ,plant4 ,h5ce x   
is1 t ,dew or ,wat] on ,w9d[s or ,pla9 &
 ,smoo? ,tables1 by virtue ( a          
,nitro-,a]ial ,salt1 is (t5 froz5 into !
 resemblance ( little ,%rubs4 ,& ! l    
,figure ,i h (t5 se5 9 a well filtr$    
,solution ( ! ,salt ( any ( our ,purg+  
,wat]s1 z ( ,epsom1 c4 be+ set to %oot4 
,produc$1 z ,i conceive1 by ! ,nitre1   
:i* ) ! ,ra9 or o!r ,wat]s1 is wa%$ d[n 
f ! ,surface ( ! ,e>?1 & s mix$ ) !     
,m9]al ,salts4  #g4 4 ,! o!r ,?ree      

,salts are exhibit$1 by ! sev]al ways ( 
,resolv+ ! ,pr9ciples ( a ,plant4 ,_m   
,plants1 ev5 9 _! ,natural ,e/ate1 d    
yield an ,acid ,juyce4 ,& ! ,juyces ( _m
 m1 by ,f]m5tation1 w become ,acid4 ,&  
mo/1 by ,di/illation 9 a ,s&-,furnace1  
yield an ,acid ,liquor4  #h4 4 ,by      
,calc9ation1 all ,sorts ( ,plants1 yield
 m or less1 bo? ( a ,fix$ & a ,volatile 
,alkaly3 ! =m]1 9 ! ,a%es2 ! latt]1 9 ! 
,soot4 ,&1 at lea/ ! g5]ality1 by       
,f]m5tation also1 yield a ,volatile "o2 
or su* a k9d ( ,salt1 :i*1 :e!r we call 
an ,ur9\s1 or o!rwise1 ha? ! l ,od\r &  
,ta/ ) t ( ,ur9e1 ,h>ts-,horn1 ,soot1 & 
! l4  #i4 4 ,! ,m>9e1 is obta9$ no o!r  
way1 t ,i "k (1 b f a ,solution ( !     
,alkal9e1 ^u its be+ expos$ to ! ,a]4 ,!
 process :](1 ,i %all p>ticul>ly set d[n
 9 a foll[+ ,disc\rse4 ,( ^! ,salts1    
mix$ 9 a c]ta9 proportion1 toge!r1 &    
also ,impregnat$ ) "s ( ! o!r ,active   
,pr9ciples ( a ,plant1 & n )\t an       
,admixture ( "s ,p>ts f ! ,a]2 ,i       
suppose1 t :i* ,i call ! ,ess5tial1 is  

produc$3 ( :i*1 ,i %all also give an    
acc\nt 9 ! same ,disc\rse4   #aj4 4     
,,all ,,! ,f\r ,salts above m5tion$1    
seem 9 _! ,ord]1 to h a %>e 9 ! ,=mation
 ( a ,leaf1 or o!r ,"p ( a ,plant3 ,&   
fir/ ( all1 ! ,m>9e4 ,= all ,g5]ations  
are made 9 "s ,fluid3 ,b 9 e ,fluid !re 
is a p]petual ,inte/ive ,motion ( ,p>ts4
 ,s t ! fir/ ,int5tion ( ,nature is1 ,t 
"s ( ^? ,p>ts be dispos$ to ,re/4 ,n[ ( 
all ! ,pr9ciples ( a ,plant1 !re are    
none h]eunto m dispos$1 ?an _! ,salts2  
^: ,p>ticles1 be+ figu'rd ) pla9 ,sides1
 z (t5 z !y t\* ,side to ,side1 l two   
,m>bles exquisitely poli%$1 !y w adh]e  
toge!r4 ,& ! ,p>ticles ( ,m>9e ,salt1   
be+ ,cubick2 & s1 ) respect to _!       
,figure1 ( great] ,bulk ?an ^? ( any o!r
 ,salt2 !y w h]eby1 be mo/ & fir/ ( all 
dispos$ to ,re/2 & s become1 z x 71 !   
,f\ndation ( ! foll[+ ,sup]/ructure4    
#aa4 4 ,,! ,second ,int5tion ( ,nature  
is1 ,t ! ,p>ticles be br\ght to ,re/1 9 
a c]ta9 ,position1 agreeable to !       
,figure ( ! ,p>ts :i* are to be =m$4 ,& 

!re=e 9 ! next place1 all ^? ,p>ts ( a  
,plant :i* are truly ,lign\s1 by ! ,m>9e
 ,salt1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! ,alkal9e1 b   
especially ( ! ,nitr\s1 are made to %oot
 out 9 ,l5g?1 or into an innum]able     
company ( small ,cyl9drick ,fibres3     
,tab4 #ec4  ^! ,salts be+1 altoge!r1    
/urdy en\gh to resi/ ^? ,impulses :i*   
might incl9e !m to con=m to any o!r     
,figure4   #ab4 4 ,,! next ,int5tion is1
 ,t ^! ,fibres1 at ! same "t 9 :i* !y   
are =m$1 may likewise receive su* a     
,po/ure z w be/ answ] ! ind5t$ ,%ape ( !
 ,leaf4 ,:i* ,po/ure1 al?\gh 9 ! ,gr[? (
 ! ,leaf x is mu* ,gov]n'd by !         
,a]-,vessels2 yet 9 ! ,g5]ation h]e(1   
seems to be fir/ det]m9$ by ! =em5tion$ 
,salts1 accord+ to _! sev]al ,angles1   
:]eby !y are diff]5tly applicable "o to 
ano!r4  #ac4 4 ,n[ all ! ,sides ( !     
,m>9e ,salt1 & ! ,sides & ! ,ends ( !   
,nitr\s1 prop]ly s call$1 /& at ,"r     
,angles4 ,& x is v probable1 f ! ,figure
 ( ! ,cry/alls 9 ,_s ( ,blood1 & "s o!r 
,bodies1 t ! ,p>ticles ( ! ,alkal9e are 

,squ>e at "o ,end1 & ,poynt$ at ! o!r4  
,tab4 #ec4  ,& ^? ( ! ,acid1 at bo?2 ,& 
t1 )al1 !y are ,%ort] & m ,sl5d]4  #ad4 
4 ,x %\ld !re=e seem1 ,t :]e ! ,alkal9e 
,salt is any way pr$om9ant1 & t !       
,p>ticles !re( are plac$ ,end to ,end2  
!re ! ,lign\s ,fibres 7z ! l>g] ones 9  
_m ,leaves7  ,tab4 #ec4  decl9+ _!      
p>allel ,gr[?1 beg9 to %oot out         
obliquely1 or at ,angles "o ) ano!r1 &  
^? ,acute4  #ae4 4 ,if ! same ,salt be  
pr$om9ant1 & "s ( its ,p>ticles plac$1 )
 ! ,po9t$ ,end ( "o1 to ! ,side ( ano!r1
  ,tab4 #ec4  or ! ,squ>e ,end ( "o1 to 
! ,poynt$ ,end ( ano!r2 !re ! said      
,fibres beg9 to %oot at ,angles less    
,acute4  #af4 4 ,b if ei!r ! ,m>9e or   
,nitr\s ,salt is pr$om9ant2 or "s       
,p>ticles ( ! ,alkal9e1 are plac$ ) !   
,squ>e ,end ( "o1 to ! ,side ( ano!r2   
,tab4 #ec4  !re ! ,fibres beg9 to make1 
n ,acute1 b ,"r ,angles2 z d ! great]   
,fibres1 9 "s ,leaves2 & ! small]1 9    
all4   #ag4 4 ,,9 ! same mann]1 ! ,fibre
 9 ! ,circumf]5ce ( ! ,leaf is also     

gov]n$2 ! ,p>ticles ( ! said ,salt1 be+ 
r$uceable1 n only to any ,angle1 b also 
to any ,circle1 or o!r ,crook$ ,l9e1 z  
!y are v>i\sly apply$4 ,= if ! major "p 
be appli$ ,end to ,end1 & only e ,?ird  
or ,f\r? appli$ ,end to ,side1 !y       
produce a great ,circle4  ,tab4 #ec4  ,b
 if ! ,poynt$ ,end ( ea*1 be set to !   
,side ( ano!r1 !y make a less4 ,& if !  
,application be ! same1 b to ! contr>y  
,side1 !y !nce beg9 a new ,circle ) !   
same ,diamet]1 b ) ano!r ,c5t]1         
answ]able to ! int5d$ ,%ape ( ! ,leaf4  
#ah4 4 ,,aft] ! same mann]1 !           
,a]-,vessels may be =m$ by ! ,p>ticles (
 ! ,acid ,salt4 ,:i*1 )\t be+ suppos$ to
 be crook$ 7z ^? ( ! ,a]1 at lea/ !     
comp\nd$ ones1 probably be7 only by     
apply+ ! less] ,side ( "o1 to ! great]  
,side ( ano!r1 w also be r$uc$ to any   
ei!r ,circul> or ,spiral ,l9e4  ,tab4   
#ec4  ,& s1 likewise1 = ! production ( !
 w9d+ ,fibres1 :i* compose ! ,bladd]s ( 
! ,pi? & o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts ( a ,plant4
  #ai4 4 ,?us do? ,nature e :]e 4 ,= :at

 ,%e appe>s 9 ,h] ,works1 ,%e mu/ ne$s  
be also 9 _! ,causes4                   
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,fl[]s1                                
,,prosecut$                             
,) ! b>e ,,eye1                         
,& ) !                                  
,,microscope4             ,read be=e !  
,royal ,society1 ,novemb4 #i4 #afgf4    
,! ,,second ,,"p4                       
,by ,,nehemiah ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[     
( ! ,,royal ,,society1 & ( !            
,,college ( ,,physicians4               
,,london1                       ,pr9t$  
by ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                  
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts                               
,,( ,,!                                 
,second ,"p4                            
,,*ap4 ,i4                            ,(
 ! ,,empalem5t4                         
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                            
,( ! ,,foliature4                       

,,*ap4 ,,iii4                         ,(
 ! ,,attire ,,sem9i=m4                  
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                            
,( ! ,,florid ,,attire4                 
,,*ap4 ,v4                         ,( ! 
,,use ( ! ,,attire4                     
,,*ap4 ,,vi4              ,( ! ,,"t ( ! 
,g5]ation ( ! ,fl[]4                    
,! ,app5dix4          ,be+ a ,,me?od    
propos$1 = ! ready f9d+1 by !           
,leaf & ,fl[]1 to :at ,sort any ,plant  
belonge?4                               
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,fl[]s4                                
,,"p ,,ii4                              
,,*ap4 ,i4                            ,(
 ! ,,empalem5t4   ,i ,,next proce$ to ! 
,fl[]4 ,:]e ,i int5d n to repeat ^? ?+s1
 :i* h be5 by ,me already not$ 9 ! ,fir/
 ,book4  ,*4 #e4  ,& ! =ego+ ,disc\rse (
 ,leaves1 w excuse me f div]s p>ticul>s1
 common to ,^! & ! ,fl[]4 ,i %all "h    
!re=e rem>que "s ?+s n be=e m5tion$1 or 

b 9 transitu1 & su* z are m p>ticul> to 
! ,fl[]4  #b4 4 ,& ,fir/1 x may be not$2
 ,t :]e ! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[] are few2 ^? 
( ! ,empalem5t or ,gre5 ,bord]1 are ei!r
 ( ! same ,numb]1 or j half z _m1 :e!r  
ev51 or odd4 ,s 9 ,leucan!num &         
,*ickwe$1 !re are ,five ,leaves2 9 ! =m]
 ,five ,empal]s2 9 ! latt]1 ,t54 ,9     
,great ,cel&9e1 !re are ,f\r ,leaves1 & 
b ,two ,empal]s2 & s 9 ,poppy4 ,!       
,ari?metick ( ,nature be+ e :]e suitable
 to ,h] ,geometry4  #c4 4 ,( ?is ,"p ( !
 ,fl[] x is likewise obs]vable1 ,t x is 
r>ely1 if ev]1 entire or "o piece1 b    
p>t$ into div]s little ,leafy ,pales1   
especially 9 all ,fl[]s ) ! ,florid     
,attire1 z ( ,m>igold1 ,daisy & ! l2 be+
 s num]\s1 z to make a ,d\ble1 & (t5 a  
,treble1 ,quadruple or ,qu9tuple ,bord]4
 ,:]eby !y are aptly design$1 n only to 
protect ! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[] 9 ! ,bud2 & 
aft] _! ,expansion1 to keep !m tite3 b  
also1 by rec$+1 ,br$?ways1 "o f ano!r1 &
 s mak+ a great] ,circle1 gradually to  
give way = ! full ,gr[? & safe spread+ (

 ! ,attire4 ,:i*1 9 reg>d x consi/s (   
,p>ts s exquisitely t5d]1 7 x p9*$ up   
too close1 w\ld be kill$ or spoyl$ be=e 
x came to ! ,bir?4 ,z ,teem+ ,wom51     
gradually slak5 _! ,laces2 or z ,taylors
 use to split _! ,/oma*]s into sev]al   
,lappets1 to spread1 z _! ,belly rises4 
#d4 4 ,nor is ! ,po/ure ( ! ,p>ts 9 !   
,empalem5t less suitable3 n be+ fil$ "o 
j ov] ano!r1 b alt]nately4 ,:]eby !     
,pales or ,pannicles ( e ,"u-,ord]1 s]ve
 to /op up ! gaps made by ! ,recess ( ! 
,upp]4 ,& s1 not)/&+ !y all make m      
roome1 yet all conspire to keep ! ,a]   
out4  #e4 4 ,x is also wor? ! notice1   
,t1 = ! same purpose1 ! ,edges at lea/1 
( ! sev]al ,pales1 are nei!r ,fibr\s1   
nor ,pulpy2 b s _m extream f9e transp>5t
 ,sk9s1 z 9 ,*amemile4 ,:]eby !y close s
 exactly "o ov] ano!r1 t x is impossible
 = any ,a] to creep 91 or any ,/eams    
useful to ! ,attire or ,se$1 ov] ha/ily 
to p]spire4 ,z we use1 :5 we h put a    
,cork into a ,bottle1 to tie a ,bladd]  
ov] x4                                  

,,*ap4 ,,ii4                            
,( ! ,,foliature4    ,tab4 #ed4  ,,!    
,leaves ( ! ,fl[] are fold$ up 9 su*    
,sort1 z is mo/ agreeable to _! own     
,%ape1 & t ( _! inclos$ ,attire3  ,*4   
#e4  :]e( ,i h giv5 ,in/ances 9 ! ,fir/ 
,book4 ,i %all "h add "s fur!r          
,rem>ques4  #b4 4 ,! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[] (
 ,blatt>ia1 al?\gh ( diff]5t ,size &    
,%ape2  ,tab4 #ed4  are s lapp$ "o ov]  
ano!r1 z to make an ,equilat]al         
,p5tangle4  #c4 4 ,! ,spiral ,fold1 :i* 
is prop] to ! ,fl[]1 & nev] se5 9 !     
,gre5 ,leaves2  ,tab4 #ed4  z x is x    
self imm$iately visible on ! ,surface1 s
 by cutt+ (f ! top ( ! ,fl[] be=e x is  
exp&$1 seems also to make a ,helix2 z 9 
,p]w9cle1 ! l>g] ,convolvulus1 c4  #d4 4
 ,9 "s ,fl[]s1 :]e ! ,attire is l(ty or 
spread+1 z 9 ,holioak1 toge!r ) !       
,spiral ,fold1 ! ,leaves are all at !   
top tack$ d[n a little2 !reby mak+ a    
blunt] ,cone1 & s a m ample ,pyramid = !
 inclos$ ,attire4  #e4 4 ,9 ,poppy1     
al?\gh ! ,leaves are extraord9>y broad1 

yet be+ b few1 & inclos+ a small        
,attire2 !y c\ld n be well r$uc$ to any 
regul> ,fold1  ,tab4 #ed4  )\t leav+ su*
 a ,vacuity1 z by be+ fill$ ) ,a]1 might
 be prejudicial to ! ,se$4 ,= :i*       
reason1 !y are cramb'd up )9 !          
,empalem5t by hundr$s ( little ,wr9ckles
 or ,puck]s2 z if ,?ree or ,f\r f9e     
,cambrick ,h&*]*iefs 7 ?ru/ into ones   
,pocket4  #f4 4 ,9 ,ladies-,b[]1 !      
,leaves are nei!r lap$ "o ov] ano!r1 z  
is mo/ usual1 nor set ,edge to ,edge1 z 
sometimes1 b ,side to ,side1  ,tab4 #ed4
  answ]able to _! ,%ape1 & !            
,di/ribution ( _! ,fibres4 ,_! broad    
,tops be+ also r[l$ up s z to make a    
,cone4 ,9 ,ladys-,look+-,glass1 !y /&   
also ,side to ,side1 b 9 a diff]5t      
mann]3 9 ! ,=m] ) ! ,sides /&+ inw>d1 b 
"h1 be>+ outw>d4  #g4 4 ,9 ! ,m>vel (   
,p]u1 ! ,fold is likewise v peculi>4 ,=1
 besides ! sev]al ,plates1 ab\t ,six1   
,tab4 #ed4  :]eby ! ,fl[] is ga!r$ 9 !  
,midle2 ! ,top ( x is also ga!r$ up by z
 _m di/9ct ,plates1 und]nea? ! =m]2 & ^!

 r[l$ or wrea!d up toge!r s exactly1 t !
 l c\ld h>dly be imitat$ by a v dextr\s 
,h&4   #h4 4 ,,( ! ,hairs ^u ,fl[]s & _!
 ,use to ! ,attire1 ,i h also spok5 9 ! 
,fir/ ,book4  ,*4 #e4  ,i %all "h add1  
,t !y are likewise ( ,use to ! ,leaves  
!mselves1 t is1 = _! clos] & fa/]       
,conjunction4 ,= ( "s ,fl[]s x is       
obs]vable1 ,t !y are all ov] smoo?1 sav+
 on _! ,edges1 :i* are bord]'d ) ,fr+es 
( ,hair2 z ( ,spani% ,broome1 ,dulcam>a1
 & o!rs3  ,tab4 #ee4  ,9 :i*1 ! ,hairs  
on ! ,edge ( "o ,leaf1 are s complicat$1
 or at lea/ ind5t$1 ) ^? ( ano!r1 t all 
! ,leaves seem to be b "o piece4 ,nature
 see+ x fit1 by ?is means to tie !m     
toge!r1 le/ !y %\ld be exp&$ be=e x be  
due "t4  #i4 4 ,_m ,fl[]s in/ead (      
,hairs1 are beset r\nd ab\t1 ) a great  
,numb] ( small ,p>ts1 n end+ 9 a ,poynt1
 b hav+ a ,head4 ,sometimes oval1 z 9   
,snap-,dragon1 l ! ,horns ( a ,butt]fly1
 or a ,plumm]s ,sod]+-,iron4 ,b usually 
,globul>1 z 9 ,deadly ,night%ade1 l s _m
 little ,mu%rooms spr\t+ out ( ! ,fl[]4 

#aj4 4 ,out ( ^! ,heads1 do? sometimes  
issue a ,gummy or ,balsamick ,juyce4 ,f 
:5ce proce$s t ,clamm9ess ( "s ,fl[]s1  
:]eby1 be+ h&l$ !y /ick to our ,f+]s1 z 
d ^? ( ,blatt>ia1 & ( ,m>igold2 & ^? (  
,colus ,jovis1 :]e ! said ,heads are s  
s(t & succul5t1 t !y resemble s _m      
little ,drops ( ,balsame4 ,! ,clamm9ess 
:i* is felt ^u fre% ,c>duus1 may p]haps 
proce$ f ! l ,cause4   #aa4 4 ,,! ,numb]
 ( ! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[] ha? be5 not$ by !
 ,le>n$ ,sir ,?omas ,br[n1  ,treat4 ( ! 
,qu9c4  to be usually ,five4 ,& ?is     
,nature s f> affecte?1 t _m times :]e ! 
,leaves ( ! same ,fl[] are ( a diff]5t  
,size1 yet !y keep to ?is ,numb]1  ,tab4
 #ed4  z 9 ,blatt>ia4  #ab4 4 ,i also   
add1 ,t ev5 ^? ,fl[]s1 :i* are n prop]ly
 p>t$ into ,leaves1 h yet _! ,tops      
usually divid$ into ,five great         
,scallops2 z ^? ( ,toad-,flax1          
,snap-,dragon1 ,cod$-,arsm>t1 ,cl>y1    
,broom1 & o!rs4 ,& :5 ! ,fl[] ha? m ?an 
,five1 ev5 _m times ,five ,leaves2 yet !
 ,top ( ea* ,leaf is ind5t$ into ,five  

,p>ts2  ,tab4 #ed4  z 9 ,scorzon]a1     
,ci*ory1 & all ! ,intyb\s ,k9d1 ) _m    
o!rs4  #ac4 4 ,f :5ce & o!r l ,in/ances1
 x may seem1 ,t !re is "s c]ta9 ,species
 ( ,salt 9 ,nature1 & t 9 mo/ ,plants1 (
 ^: ,ag5cy !re are /ill "s ,foot/eps or 
o!r 9 ! ,fl[]4  #ad4 4 ,! ,numb] ( !    
,leaves1 z ha? be5 said1 is commonly    
,five4 ,yet "s ,fl[]s h few]1 & "s m1 & 
t ) ,con/ancy1 9 div]s ,numb]s1 f ,"o to
 ,"o & ,tw5ty2 p]haps 9 all1 s f>4 ,!   
,fl[] ( ,acan?us ,syriacus1 is 9 a mann]
 "o s+le ,leaf1 t ( ,monks-,rub>b1      
,?ree-,leav'd2 ( ,poppy1 ,crosswort1    
,radi%1 & _m o!rs1 ,f\r-,leav'd2 !      
great] ,numb] ( ,fl[]s1 ,five-,leav'd2 (
 ,:ite ,hellebore1 ,tulip1 ,onion1 & mo/
 ,plants ) ,bulb\s ,roots1 ,six-,leav'd2
 ( ,wild-,cr[foot1 ,sev5-,leav'd2 (     
,fr5* ,m>igold1 commonly ,eight-,leav'd2
 ( ,fl[]-de-luce1 ,n9e-,leav'd2 (       
,*ickwe$1 ,ladies-,mantle1 ,t5-,leav'd2 
( ,/4 ,james's ,wort1 ,?irte5-,leav'd2 &
 ,i ?9k ( ,febrifuga1 ,cotula1 ,ag]atum1
 ,corn-,m>igold1 ) o!rs2 & ( ,*amemile1 

,buph?almum1 & "s few m1 ! ,leaves are  
commonly ,"o & ,tw5ty4 ,9 t ( ,/4       
,james's ,wort1 ! ,numb] is s con/ant t 
!re is sc>ce ,"o ,fl[] 9 ,=ty1 :]e9 !   
,leaves are m or few] ?an ,?irte54      
,tab4 #ee4  ,div]s ( :i* ,numb]s1 seem  
also to h "s relation to ! ,numb] #e4 ,=
 #i1 is ,twice2 #ac1 ,?rice2 & #be1     
,five times #e runn+ into x self4   #ae4
 4 ,,! ,con/itu5t ,p>ts ( ! ,fl[] are ! 
same z ^? ( ! ,leaf1 sc4 ! ,p>5*yma or  
,pulp1 & ! ,vessels4 ,b 9 ! ,basis or   
bottom ( ! ,fl[]1 ! ,p>5*yma is commonly
 mu* m spongy & dry1 ?an 9 ! ,leaves2   
conte9+1 aft] ! ,fl[] is op5'd1 little  
or no ,sap1 b only a dry & w>m ,a]4 ,:i*
 /&+ cont9ually "u ! ,se$1 ha/5s !      
,maturation or due ,exiccation !re(3 z  
we use to dry ,mault$ ,b>ly ov] a w>m   
,killn4  #af4 4 ,! ,vessels ( ! ,fl[]1  
are bo? = ,sap & = ,a]1 z well z 9 o!r  
,p>ts4 ,& bo? ( !m sometimes1 ev5 9 !   
,sk9 ( ! ,fl[]2 z may be argu$ f its be+
 /a9$ ) div]s ,col\rs2 produc$ z ha?    
=m]ly be5 %ew$1 by ! mix$ ,t9ctures ( ! 

said ,vessels4  ,b4 #b4 ,p4 #b4 4 #fe1  
#ff1 #fg4  ,^! ,col\rs1 9 _m ,fl[]s1 z  
,tulips1 z !y are 9 ! ,sk9 x self1 s    
!re9 only2 ! ,pulp ( ! ,leaf be+ :ite4  
#ag4 4 ,! ,lign\s or ,sap-,vessels are  
few]1 & ! ,a]-,vessels small] 9 ! ,fl[]1
 ?an 9 ! ,leaf4 ,& !re=e x is v         
difficult to obs]ve ! latt] by ,glasses2
 especially ! ,proportion :i* !y hold to
 ! o!r ,p>ts4 ,b if y break ! ,leaves ( 
"s ,fl[]s1 ) v great g5tl5ess2 !y may   
h]eby be ,unroav$ or drawn out1 z 9 !   
,gre5 ,leaves1 to "s visible l5g?2 & _! 
diff]5t ,numb] 9 div]s ,fl[]s may be    
disc]n$4   #ah4 4 ,,! ,use ( ! ,fl[] or 
( ! ,foliature :]e( we are speak+1 is   
v>i\s2  ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #e4  z ha? =m]ly be5
 %ew$4 ,i n[ only add1 ,t "o ,use h]e(  
seeme? to be1 = ! ,sep>ation ( ! m      
,volatile & /rong] ,sulphur ( ! ,plant4 
,t s ! ,se$1 :i* lye? )9 or next x1 may 
be s mu* ! mild]1 & ! ,pr9ciples !re( m 
fix$ & conc5tr$4 ,& ?is1 bo? = its bett]
 ,duration till ! "t ( ,s[+2 & also1 t  
its ,f]m5tation1 :5 x is s['n1 may n be 

too hot & precipitate2 b suitable to s  
sl[ & equal a motion1 z is ! ,vegetation
 ( a ,se$4  #ai4 4 ,& t ?is ,sulphur is 
sep>at$ & dis*>g$ by ! ,fl[]1 seems     
evid5t1 n only f ! ,/r5g? ( its ,od\r1  
above t ( ! o!r ,p>ts2 b likewise1 9 t  
_m times :]e !re is no ,fl[]1 or t v    
small1 ! ,se$1 t is its ,cov]1 z 9 !    
,umbellif]\s ,k9d1 is ! m odor\s4 ,&    
!re=e also1 ! ,v9e ha? no ,fl[]1 p>tly1 
t ! mo/ ,volatile ,_s & ,sulphur might  
all run into ! ,fruit4   #bj4 4 ,,!     
,figure ( ! ,fl[]1 al?\gh x is (t5 mu* m
 complex1 ?an t ( ! ,leaf3 yet !re is no
 d\bt1 b t ! ,measure h]e( may be def9$ 
9 "s way1 answ]able to t exemplifi$ 9 ! 
=ego+ ,"p4 ,! diff]5ce is only ?is1 ,t  
:]eas ! ,gre5 ,leaves1 & ! ,pla9 ,leaves
 also ( ! ,fl[]1 are all measur$ by !   
p>ts ( sev]al ,circles3 ^? ,fl[]s :i*   
are ,belly$1 & ^? ,leaves ( ! ,fl[] :i* 
are n ,pla91 b ,convex1 are all measur$ 
by ! p>ts ( sev]al ,sph]es4 ,& z !      
,diametres ( ^? ,circles1 be> a c]ta9   
proportion to ! midle ,/emm ( ! ,leaf2 s

 ! ,axes ( ^! ,sph]es1 to an imag9>y "o 
9 ! ,c5tre ( ! ,fl[]4   #ba 4 ,,n[ !    
reason :y ! ,figure ( ! ,fl[] is m      
multiplex1 ?an t ( ! ,leaf2 may be1     
p>tly1 because x is "u ! ,comm& &       
,gov]nm5t ( ^? ,salts1 :i* are "h m     
ref9$ & depurate1 ?an 9 ! ,leaf2 & s m  
free to lay ! ,f\ndation ( any k9d (    
,figure1 = :i*1 ( _! own ,nature1 !y are
 adapt$4 ,p>tly1 = t z ! ,nitr\s &      
,alkal9e ,salts are *iefly regnant 9 !  
,leaf2 s 9 ! ,fl[]1 9 :i* ! ,p>5*ym\s   
,"p ha? a great]#ff proportion ?an 9 !  
,leaf2 x is mo/ reasonable1 to assign ! 
,pr$om9ion to ! ,acid#fg3 ! ,p>ticles   
:]e(1 bo? z !y are less1 & also poynt$  
at bo? ends1#fh seem to be m easily     
applicable "o to ano!r = ! mak+ ( any   
,sort ( ,l9e or ,figure4       #ff 4    
#ag4       #fg ,idea1 4 #eb4       #fh  
,p4 #a4 ,*4 #f4 4 #ac4                  
,,*ap4 ,,iii4        ,( ! ,attire1 &    
fir/ ( t sort :i* may be call$          
,sem9i=m4   ,,)9 ! ,foliature /&s !     
,attire2 :i* is ( ,two g5]al ,k9ds1 e   

:]e ,v>i\s & ,elegant2 accord+ to !     
,description ,i h giv5 ( !m 9 ! ,fir/   
,book4  ,*4 #e4  ,i %all "h add "s fur!r
 ,rem>ques4  #b4 4 ,& fir/1 ( t ,sort ( 
,attire1 :i* may be call$ ,sem9i=m2 be+ 
usually1 z x 71 a little ,%eaf ( ,se$-l 
,p>ticles2 /&+ on s _m ,p$icills1 z !   
,e> do? ^u ! ,end ( ! ,/raw4  #c4 4 ,(  
_! ,col\r x is obs]vable1 ,t = ! mo/ "p1
 !y are ,:ite or ,yell[2 sometimes      
,blew2 b nev] ,r$1 let ! ,fl[] or       
,foliature be ( :at ,col\r x w4 ,nei!r  
do? _! ,col\r always foll[ t ( !        
,foliature1 al?\gh t be n ,r$4 ,:]eby x 
appe>s1 h[ v ,curi\s & ,critical ,nature
 is1 9 ! ,sep>ation ( ! ,juyces 9       
,plants3 t su* small ,p>ts z ^! ( !     
,attire1 & s ne> ! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[]1   
%\ld yet receive a diff]5t ,t9cture4    
#d4 4 ,^! ,p>ts diff] also 9 _!         
,position2 /&+ sometimes d\ble ^u ea*   
,p$icil1 z 9 ,toad-flax1 ,snapdragon1 & 
"s o!rs2  ,tab4 #ee4  b usually s+le1 z 
9 ,blatt>ia1 ,clematis ,au/riaca1 c4    
,sometimes fa/n$ to _! ,p$icils at _!   

middle1 /oop+ d[n aft] ! mann] ( ,poppy 
& o!r hang+ ,fl[]s2 z 9 ,spani%-,broom1 
,hysop1 ,scabe\s1 ,beh51 c4 ,sometimes  
!y /& erect$1 z 9 ,clematis ,au/riaca1  
,ladyes-,look+-,glass1 ,rape-,cr[foot1  
c4 ,^? ( ,cod$ ,arsm>t h no ,p$icils1 b 
/& ^u a l>ge ,base4  #e4 4 ,( ! ,p$icils
 !mselves1 x is to be not$1 ,t !y are   
r>ely fa/n$ to ! ,top ( ! ,repository or
 ,case ( ! ,se$1 b r\nd ab\t ! ,bottom4 
,p>tly1 ,t h]eby !y may ! bett] int]cept
 & sep>ate ! ,incongru\s ,p>ts ( ! ,sap 
f ! ,se$4 ,yet 9 ! ,cod$ ,arsm>t !y /&  
at ! ,top4 ,:i* is n ! only ?+ peculi> 9
 t ,plant2 x be+ ! prop]ty !re(1 to     
ejaculate its ,se$1 ^u ! lea/ t\*4 ,:i* 
prop]ty seeme? to dep5d1 p>tly1 ^u !    
,position ( ! said ,p$icils1 z %all be  
%ew$ 9 speak+ ( ! ,se$4  #f4 4 ,^!      
,se$-l ,p>ts are also ( diff]5t ,numb]4 
,9 ,great ,cel&9e1 ,rose1               
,rape-,cr[foot1 num]\s2 9 ,great        
,planta9e1 & "s o!r ,h]bs1 mu* m        
conspicu\s ?an ! ,foliature x self4 ,9  
,g]m&]-,*ickwe$1 !y are always ,two1 &  

no m4 ,sometimes !y foll[ ! numb] ( !   
,leaves1 especially 9 ! numb] #e2 z 9   
,blatt>ia1 ,black ,h5bean1 c4 ,9        
,/i*wort & ,ly*nis ,sylve/ris1 !y are   
#aj1 j d\ble to ! numb] ( ! ,leaves4    
#g4 4 ,!y diff] also 9 _! ,bigness1 be+ 
9 "s small] ,fl[]s1 l>ge2 z 9 ,borage1  
,ladys-,look+-,glass1 & o!rs3 & 9 "s    
l>g] ,fl[]s1 less2 z 9 ! ,rose4  #h4 4  
,b especially 9 _! ,%ape1 :i* is always 
v ,elegant1 & ) mu* ,v>iety4 ,9 ,borage1
 l ! po9t ( a ,spe>4 ,9 ,blatt>ia1 l a  
,horse-%ooe4 ,9 ,clematis ,au/riaca1 l !
 ,spatula1 :]e) ,apo!c>ies make _!      
,mixtures4 ,9 ,mall[1 l a ,head-,roll4  
,9 ,hysop1 !y h "o ,cleft be=e2 9       
,blatt>ia1 "o r\nd ab\t2 9 ,wat]        
,bettony1 "o at ! ,top2 9 ,scabi\s1 !y h
 a d\ble ,cleft1 "o on ea* side2  ,tab4 
#ef4  & s 9 ,/4 ,johns ,wort1           
,hyoscyamus1 & o!rs2 be=e !y op51 9 !   
,%ape ( a d\ble ,purse4  #i4 4 ,^!      
,p>ts1 are all holl[2 ea* be+ ! ,!ca or 
,case ( a great _m extream small        
,p>ticles1 ei!r ,globul>1 or o!rwise    

,convex2 b always regul>ly figur'd4 ,!y 
are all cr[d$ toge!r1 & fa/n$ 9 close   
,ranks1 )\t any ,p$icils1 to ! ,insides 
( ! ,!ca1 l o!r less] ,se$s )9 a great]2
 or aft] ! same mann] z 9 ,hyoscyamus & 
"s o!r ,plants1 ! true ,se$s !mselves   
gr[ all r\nd ab\t close to ! ,b$ ( !    
,case2 z 9 ,cl>y1 & ! ,figures n[ ref]r$
 to1 may be se54  ,tab4 #ee1 #ef4  ,& :5
 !y are ripe1 ! ,case also op5s & admits
 !m to ! ,a]1 z ! ,se$-,case do? ! ,se$4
 ,! :ole ,attire1 toge!r ) ! ,foliature 
& ,se$-,case1  ,tab4 #eg4  ,see 9 "o    
,example1 among/ ! ,figures4  #aj4 4 ,! 
,col\r ( ^! small ,p>ticles conte9$ 9 ! 
,!ca1 is also diff]5t4 ,b z ,t is       
usually ,:ite or ,yell[1 s are ,^!3     
sometimes ,blewi%2 b nev] ,r$4 ,&       
sometimes n ( ! same ,col\r ) t ( !     
,!ca4 ,:i* fur!r %ews h[ scrupul\s      
,nature is1 9 diff]5c+ ! ,t9ctures ( !  
sev]al ,p>ts4  #aa4 4 ,!y are also (    
diff]5t ,bigness & ,figure4 ,^? 9       
,snap-dragon1 are ( ! smalle/ ,size ,i h
 se52  ,tab4 #eh4  be+ no bigg] ?r\gh a 

good ,microscope1 ?an ! lea/            
,*eese-,mite to ! nak$ ,eye4 ,9         
,planta91 also ?r\gh a ,glass1 l a      
,scurvy-grass-se$4 ,9 ,be>s-foot1 l a   
,mu/>d-se$4 ,9 ,c>nation1 l a           
,turnep-,se$4 ,9 ,b9dwe$1 l a           
,pep]-,corn4 ,9 all ^! ( a ,globul>     
,figure4  #ab4 4 ,9 ,devils-bit1 !y are 
also ,r\nd1 b depress$1 l ! ,se$ (      
,goos-grass1 or a ,holl& ,*eese4 ,9 !   
,bean & all sorts ( ,puls1 & ,trefoyls1 
z also 9 ,blew-bottle1 c4 !y are        
,cyl9drick4  ,tab4 #eh4  ,9 ,orange     
,lilly1 ,oval1 "o #e ( an ,in* long1 l  
an ,ants-,egg4 ,9 ,deadly-,night%ade1   
also ,oval1 b small] at bo? ,ends4 ,& ^?
 ( ,pancy1 ,cubick4 ,9 all ^! & ! =m]1  
!y are ,smoo?4  #ac4 4 ,b 9 ,mall[1     
,holyoak1 & all ( t k9d1 !y are beset   
r\nd ab\t ) little ,?ornes2 :]eby ea*   
looks l ! ,se$-,ball ( ,roman ,nettle1  
or l ! ,fruit ( ,?orn-,apple1 or ! ,fi% 
call$ ,piscis orbis m9or1 or ! ,murices1
 us$ anti5tly 9 ,w>s4  ,tab4 #eh4  ,!y  
are also v great1 %ew+1 ?r\gh a ,glass1 

( ! bigness ( a l>ge ,:ite ,pease2 be+  
#bjj or #cjj times big] ?an ^? 9        
,snapdragon2 ( :i* !re are ab\t a ,?\s& 
9 ea* ,!ca1 t is1 9 ! space ( ab\t #ajjj
 ,cubical ,"p ( an ,in*4  #ad4 4 ,9 "s  
,plants1 z 9 ,deadly ,night-%ade1 :]e ^!
 ,p>ticles are ,:ite1 !y seem1 by a v   
good ,glass & advantagi\s ,position1 to 
be compos$ ( ,p>5*ym\s & ,lign\s        
,fibres1 /it*$ up toge!r1 z 9 ! o!r     
,p>ts4  #ae4 4 ,9 ,colocyn?is1 7& ) "s  
,analogy 9 ,wild ,cucum]1 & ,i suppose  
all ( t k9d7 ! ,attire is v peculi>1 n  
consi/+ ( sev]al little ,!c1 ^u s _m    
,p$icils1 z is describ$2 b is all "o    
entire ,"p1 l a ?ick ,columna 9 ! mid/ (
 ! ,fl[]2 hav+ sev]al little ,ridges1 & 
,furr[s w9d+ f ! ,top to ! ,bottom r\nd 
ab\t4 ,9 ! midle ( ea* ,ridge runs a    
,l9e1 :]e ! ,sk91 aft] sometime1 op5e?  
into two ,lips1 pres5t+ ! ,globul>      
,p>ticles conte9$ 9 ! holl[ ( e ,ridge4 
#af4 4 ,:]e ! ,attire consi/s ( sev]al  
,se$-l ,p>ts1 z is describ$ !re1 ano!r  
,"p di/9ct1 l a little ,columna or      

,p9acle1 /&s on ! ,top ( ! ,ut]us or    
true ,se$-,case4 ,:i* is also regul>ly &
 v>i\sly ,figur$4 ,9 ,b9dwe$1 x ha? a   
r\nd ,head1 l t ( a great ,p94  ,tab4   
#ef1 #eg4  ,9 ! ,common ,bell1 ,/4      
,johns wort1 x is divid$ into ,?ree     
,p>ts4 ,9 ,g]anium1 into ,five2 ,9      
,as>um1 into ,six4 ,sometimes1 ! ,head  
is ,smoo?1 & sometimes beset ) little   
,?orns1 z 9 ,hyoscyamus4 ,( ! ,use ( ^! 
,p>ts1 anon4                            
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                            
,( ! ,,florid ,,attire4  ,,9 ,,?is      
,attire !re is also mu* ,elegant        
,v>iety1 accord+ to ! ,description we h 
giv5 ( x 9 ! ,fir/ ,book4 ,x always     
consi/s ( sev]al ,suits2 ,t51 ,tw5ty1   
,f\rty1 a ,hundr$1 or m1 accord+ to !   
,bigness ( ! ,fl[]4 ,& e ,suit mo/      
commonly1 ( ?ree di/9ct ,p>ts1 all ( a  
,regul>1 b ,diff]5t ,figure4 ,! utmo/   
,"p1 is always l a little ,fl[] ) ,five 
,leaves & a ,tubul> ,base1 l t (        
,c[slip4  ,tab4 #ei4  ,s t e ,fl[] ) !  
,florid ,attire1 ,embosomes1 or is1 a   

,posy ( p]fect ,fl[]s4  #b4 4 ,9 "s     
,fl[]s1 e "o ( ^! ,florets1 is          
encompass$ ) an ,h$g ( ,hairs2 & e ,hair
 bran*$ on bo? sides almo/ l a ,sprig ( 
,fir2  ,tab4 #ei4  z 9 ,a/] ,atticus1   
,gold5-,rod1 & o!rs4  #c4 4 ,! ,base ( !
 ,floret is usually ,cyl9drick1 b       
sometimes ,squ>e1 z 9 ,fr5* ,m>igold4 ,&
 ! ,leaves h]e( :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1  ,tab4 
#fj4  are ,smoo? on ! ,inside1 9 ! same 
,fl[] are all ov] ,hairy4 ,& ! ,edges ( 
^! little ,fl[]s1 are frequ5tly ,ridg$1 
or z x 71 ,hem'd1 l ! ,edge ( a ,b&4    
#d4 4 ,! midlemo/ ( ! ,?ree ,p>ts1 :i*  
,i call ! ,%ea?1  ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #e4  is   
usually fa/5$ t[>ds ! ,top1 or else at !
 ,bottom ( ! ,floret4  ,tab4 #fj1 #fa1  
#fb4 ,?is is r ind5t$1 ?an p>t$ into    
,leaves4 ,! ,surface seldom ,pla9 or    
,ev51 b wr\ght ) ,five ,ridges1 & z _m  
,gutt]s runn+ almo/ ,p>allel f ! ,top to
 ! ,bottom4   ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #e4  #e4 4 ,! 
,inmo/ ,"p1 :i* ,i call ! ,blade1 runs  
?r\gh ! holl[ ( ! ,two ,=m]1 & s is     
fa/n$1 ) ! ,floret1 to ! convex ( !     

,se$-,case4 ,! ,head & ,sides ( ?is ,"p1
 is always beset r\nd ab\t ) ,globulets1
 commonly ?r\gh a ,glass1 z big z a     
,turnep-se$1 or a great ,p9s-,head4 ,9  
"s ,plants gr[+ close to ! ,blade1 z 9 !
 common ,m>igold2  ,tab4 #fj1 #fa1 #fb4 
9 ! ,fr5*1 & o!rs1 ^u ,p$icils or little
 sl5d] ,/alks4 ,^!1 z ! ,blade spr+e? up
 f )9 ! ,%ea?1 are /ill rub$ (f1 & s /& 
l a ,p[d] on !m bo?4 ,& sometimes1 z 9  
,ci*ory1 !y seem to gr[ on ! ,inside ( !
 ,%ea?1 if x be split ) a small ,p93 z  
also 9 ,knapwe$1 9 :i* !y are num]\s4   
,yet 9 ! ,se$-l ,attire1 always m       
num]\s1 ?an 9 ! ,florid4  #f4 4 ,! ,head
 ( ! ,blade is always divid$ into ,two1 
& sometimes into ,?ree ,p>ts1 z 9       
,ci*ory2  ,tab4 #eh1 c4  :i*1 by        
degrees1 curl outw>d1 aft] ! mann] (    
,scorpion-,grass4  #g4 4 ,! ,description
 n[ giv51 agrees pr9cipally to !        
,corymbif]\s ,k9d1 z ,tansy1 ,*amemile1 
& ! l4 ,b 9 ,scorzon]a1 z also ,ci*ory1 
,hawk-,we$1 ,m\s-e> & all ! ,intyb\s    
,k9d1 ) _m m1 ! ,attire is n sep>ate f !

 ,foliature1 s z to /& )9 t 9 "o entire 
,posy2 b e ,leaf ( ! ,fl[] ha? its own  
,attire ap>t4 ,= ! sake ( :i*1 ! ,basis 
( e ,leaf is =m$ into a little ,tube or 
,pipe1 ,tab4 #fb4  :]eby x embosomes its
 own ,attire )9 x self4 ,consi/+        
commonly ( ,two ,p>ts1 a ,%ea? & a      
,blade3 ! ,leaf x self answ]+ to !      
,floret 9 o!r ,fl[]s4  #h4 4 ,9 "s      
,plants1 besides ! ,attire or ,posy 9 ! 
midle ( ! ,fl[]2 ! ,leaves also h ea* _!
 own to !mselves1 z 9 ,m>igold3  ,tab4  
#fa4  yet ?is1 z ,i take x1 consi/+ only
 ( "o s+le ,"p1 :i* answ]s to ! ,blade2 
! ,leaf x self be+ z ! ,%ea?4  #i4 4 ,9 
_m ,plants1 ?is ,florid ,attire is v    
l>ge2 s t n only ! ,suits1  ,tab4 #fa4  
b also ! sev]al ,p>ts :]e( e ,suit      
consi/s1 be+ ?r\ghly ripe & well bl[n   
op51 are all visible to ! b>e ,eye1 z 9 
,knapwe$1 & all ! ,?i/le ,k9d4 ,?is     
,attire is all ! ,fl[]1 t ?is sort (    
,plants h2 be+1 ?\gh ,empal'd1 yet )\t  
any ,foliature4  #aj4 4 ,& sometimes1   
!re is little or no ,fl[] besides ?is   

,attire1 al?\gh extream small1 z 9      
,gold5 ,rod1 ,wormwood & o!rs4 ,:]e x   
may be not$1 ,t ! ,m$ic9e call$ ,wormse$
 or ,sem5 ,santonici1 is no ,sort (     
,se$1 b ! ,buds ( small ,fl[]s1 or ( !  
,florid ,attire ( t ,plant4             
,,*ap4 ,v4                        ,( !  
,use ( ! ,attire4   ,,( ! ,second>y ,use
 h]e(1 ,i h spok5 9 ! ,fir/ ,book2  ,*4 
#e4  & p>ticul>ly1 ( ! ,globulets or    
small ,p>ticles )9 ! ,!c ( ! ,se$-l     
,attire1 & ^u ! ,blades ( ! ,florid1 ,i 
h conjectur'd1 ,t !y are t ,body :i*    
,bees ga!r & c>ry ^u _! ,?ighs1 & is    
commonly call$ _! ,bread4 ,= ! ,wax !y  
c>ry 9 little ,flakes 9 _! ,*aps3 b !   
,bread is a ,k9d ( ,p[d]2 yet some:at   
moi/1 z are ! said little ,p>ticles ( ! 
,attire4  #b4 4 ,b ! ,prim>y & *ief ,use
 ( ! ,attire is su*1 z ha? respect to ! 
,plant x self2 & s appe>s to be v great 
& necess>y4 ,because1 ev5 ^? ,plants :i*
 h no ,fl[] or ,foliature1 are yet "s   
way or o!r ,attir'd2 ei!r ) ! ,sem9i=m1 
or ! ,florid ,attire4 ,s t x seems to   

p]=m its s]vice to ! ,se$1 z !          
,foliature1 to ! ,fruit4  #c4 4 ,9      
disc\rse h]e( ) our ,le>n$ ,savilian    
,pr(essor ,sir ,?omas ,mill+ton1 he told
 me1 he conceiv$1 ,t ! ,attire do? s]ve1
 z ! ,male1 = ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$4  #d4
 4 ,i imm$iately reply'd1 ,t ,i 0 ( !   
same ,op9ion2 & gave him "s reasons = x1
 & answ]$ "s ,objections1 :i* might     
oppose !m4 ,b )all1 9 reg>d e ,plant is 
or ,male & ,female1 t ,i 0 also (       
,op9ion1 ,t x s]ve? = ! ,sep>ation ( "s 
,p>ts1 z well z ! ,affusion ( o!rs4 ,!  
sum !re=e ( my ,?\ghts conc]n+ ?is      
,matt]1 is z foll[s4  #e4 4 ,& ,fir/1 x 
seems1 ,t ! ,attire s]ves to dis*>ge "s 
r$undant ,"p ( ! ,sap1 z a ,"w          
prep>atory to ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$4 ,9  
p>ticul>1 t z ! ,foliature s]ve? to c>ry
 (f ! ,volatile ,sal9e ,sulphur3 ,s !   
,attire1 to m9orate & adju/ ! ,a]eal2 to
 ! end1 ! ,se$ may become ! m ,oyly1 &  
its ,pr9ciples1 ! bett] fix$4 ,& !re=e !
 ,foliature g5]ally ha? a mu* /rong]    
,od\r1 ?an ! ,attire3 because ! ,sal9e  

,sulphur is /rong]1 ?an an ,a]ial1 :i*  
is too subtile to affect ! ,s5se4 ,h5ce 
also x is1 t ! ,col\r ( ! ,p>ts ( !     
,attire1 is usually ,:ite1 or ,yell[1   
nev] ,r$3 ! =m]1 dep5d+ ^u a great]     
p>ticipation ( ,a]2 ! latt]1 ( ,sulphur4
 ,i add fur!r1 ,t ! mo/ ,volatile &     
,a]ial ,sulphur2 be+ by means ( ^! ,p>ts
 mu* dis*>g$2 x may h]eby come to pass1 
n only t ! ,se$ is m ,oylie1 & its      
,pr9ciples m fix$2 b also1 t ! ,body or 
,p>5*yma !re(1 is s compact & close3 ,= 
al?\gh x consi/s ( ,bladd]s1 yet su*1 z 
are ,tw5ty times small] ?an 9 any o!r   
,"p ( a ,plant ( ! l bigness4 ,:]eas1 7 
! ,a] copi\sly mix$ ) ! ,sap "h1 z 9 !  
,pi?1 ,fruit1 & o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts2 x  
w\ld give s quick a ,f]m5t to ! ,sap1 z 
to dilate & amplify ! ,bladd]s ( ! ,se$1
 beyond its pres5t compact & durable    
,texture2 & s expose x1 ei!r to a       
precipitant ,gr[?1 or sudd5 ,rot4       
,:]e=e1 z ! ,se$-,case is ! ,womb2 s !  
,attire 7:i* always /&s ^u or r\nd ab\t 
x7 & ^? ,p>ts ( ! ,sap h]e9to dis*>g$2  

are1 z x 71 ! ,m5ses or ,fl[]s1 by :i* !
 ,sap 9 ! ,womb1 is duly qualifi$1 = !  
approa*+ ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$4  #f4 4 ,& z
 ! "y & e>ly ,attire be=e x op5s1 answ]s
 to ! ,m5ses 9 ! ,female3 s is x        
probable1 t aft]w>d :5 x op5s or cracks1
 x p]=ms ! ,(fice ( ! ,male4 ,?is is    
h9t$ f ! ,%ape ( ! ,p>ts4 ,= 9 ! ,florid
 ,attire1 ! ,blade do? n unaptly        
resemble a small ,p5is1 ) ! ,%ea? ^u x1 
z its ,prputium4 ,& 9 ! ,se$-l ,attire1 
! sev]al ,!c1 are l s _m little         
,te/icles4 ,& ! ,globulets & o!r small  
,p>ticles ^u ! ,blade or ,p5is1 & 9 !   
,!c1 are z ! ,vegetable ,sp]me4 ,:i*1 s 
soon z ! ,p5is is ex]t$1 or ! ,te/icles 
come to break1 falls d[n ^u ! ,se$-,case
 or ,womb1 & s ,t\*es x ) a ,prolifick  
,virtue4  #g4 4 ,cons5tane\s h]eto x is 
also obs]vable1 ,t ^? ,h]bs g5]ally h ! 
,se$-l ,attire1 :i* ei!r produce a      
great] ,quantity ( ,se$1 or a ,p]5nial  
,root3 & t !re is no ,tree1 ) ! ,florid 
,attire4 ,z if ! o!r1 because x conta9s 
a f> great] ,proportion ( ! abovesaid   

,p>ticles1 t is1 ( ,sp]m2 'tis able to  
beget a m ,num]\s1 ,vivace\s1 or        
,gigantick ,bir?4  #h4 4 ,t ! same      
,plant is bo? ,male & ,female1 may ! r  
be believ$1 9 t ,snails1 & "s o!r       
,animals1 are su*4 ,& ! ,p>ts :i*       
imitate ! ,m5ses1 & ! ,sp]m1 are n      
precisely ! same3 ! =m]1 be+ ! ,ext]nal 
,p>ts ( ! ,attire1 & ! ,sap1 :i* fe$s   
!m2 ! latt]1 ! small ,p>ticles or moy/  
,p[d] :i* ! ,ext]nal inclose4  #i4 4 ,& 
t ^! ,p>ticles1 only by fall+ on !      
,ut]us1 %\ld communicate to x or to !   
,sap !re91 a ,prolifick ,virtue2 x may  
seem ! m cr$ible1 f ! mann] :]e9        
,coition is made by "s ,animals2 z by _m
 ,birds1 :]e !re is no ,intromission1 b 
only an ,adosculation ( ,p>ts3 ,& s 9 _m
 ,fi%es4 ,nei!r 9 o!rs1 do? ! ,p5is ev] 
ent] any fur!r ?an ! ,neck ( ! ,womb4   
,nor do? p]haps ! ,sem5 x self3 or if x 
do?1 x c by no means be ?\ght1 bodily or
 z to its gross ,sub/ance1 to ent] !    
,membranes1 9 :i* e ,conception1 or !   
,liquor int5d$ = x1 be=e any ,coition1  

is involv$2 b only "s subtle & vivisick 
,effluvia1 to :i* ! visible ,body ( !   
,sem51 is b a ,vehicle4 ,& ! l ,effluvia
 may be v easily transfus$ f ! above    
said ,p>ticles into ! ,se$-,case or     
,womb ( a ,plant4  #aj4 4 ,if any "o    
%all require ! ,similitude to hold 9 e  
,?+2 he w\ld n h a ,plant to resemble1 b
 to be1 an ,animal4                     
,,*ap4 ,,vi4             ,( ! ,"t ( !   
,g5]ation ( ! ,fl[]4   ,,! ,"t 9 :i* !  
,fl[] is ,g5]at$ or ,=m$ is a ,provid5ce
 9 ,nature1 :]e(1 ,i d a little wond]1 t
 no "o1 among/ s _m obs]v]s ( ,plants1  
ha? ev] yet tak5 any notice4 ,x is !re=e
 to be rem>k$1 ,t all ,fl[]s are =m$ or 
p]fectly f9i%$1 9 all _! ,p>ts1 long    
be=e !y appe> 9 sight2 usually ,?ree or 
,f\r ,mon?s1 & sometimes half a ye>1 or 
m4 ,& t 9 all ,p]5nial ,plants1 ^?      
,fl[]s :i* appe> & are call$ ! ,fl[]s ( 
any "o ye>2 are n =m$ 9 t ye>2 b 7      
actually 9 ,be+1 & entirely =m$ 9 all   
,p>ts1 ! ye> be=e2 z 9 _m ,h]bs1 & 9 all
 ,%rubs & ,trees4  #b4 4 ,?is w be/ be  

se5 by "s ,in/ances4 ,s ! ,fl[] (       
,mez]eon1 :i* op5s 9 ,janu>y1 is        
entirely =m$ ab\t ! midle ( ,augu/ 9 !  
ye> =ego+4 ,at :i* "t1 ! ,gre5 ,leaves (
 ! ,bud be+ cauti\sly remov$1  ,tab4    
#fc4  ! ,leaves ( ! ,fl[]1 & ! ,!c      
,sem9i=mes or ,se$-l ,attire1 encompass+
 ! ,se$-,case1 ?r\gh an indiff]5t       
,glass1 are all di/9ctly visible4  #c4 4
 ,! l may be se5 9 ,sirynga1 & o!r      
,%rubs1 & 9 ,trees4 ,9 z _m ( :i*1 z are
 ,frugif]\s1 ! ,fruit also1 :i* answ]s  
to ! ,se$-,case 9 o!r ,plants1 is ab\t !
 same "t entirely =m$4  #d4 4 ,& s 9    
,h]bs2 z ! ,fl[] ( ,as>um1 :i* appe>e? 9
 ,april or ,may1 is entirely =m$ 9      
,augu/ or ,july ( ! =ego+ ye>4 ,= !re   
are "h1 z well z 9 ,trees1  ,tab4 #fd4  
,two ,sorts ( ,buds2 "s :i* are compos$ 
only ( ,gre5 ,leaves2 & "s :i* also     
conte9 a ,fl[] & ! ,se$-,case4 ,s 9     
,be>s-foot1 by "s call$ ! ,janu>y ,rose1
 ! ,fl[]-,buds1 :i* op5 9 ,janu>y are   
all =m$ 9 or be=e ! ,mon? ( ,augu/ 9 !  
ye> prec$+4  #e4 4 ,! same may also be  

se5 ab\t ! end ( ,augu/ or ! beg9n+ (   
,septemb] 9 a ,tulip-,root4  ,tab4 #fc4 
,9 :i*1 ! ,two ,inmo/ ,%ells dry] ?an ! 
re/1 /& holl[1 ) ! little "y ,fl[] 7:i* 
appe>s 9 ,m>* or ,april foll[+7 inclos$ 
n[ 9 _! ,c5tre4 ,be+ ?us kept w>m & dry1
 le/ x %\ld ei!r p]i%1 or be precipitat$
 ^u ! ,w9t]1 by spr\t+ too soon4  #f4 4 
,f h5ce x is pla91 ,t al?\gh ! ,fl[]    
appe>s be=e ! ,se$2 yet if ! comp>ison  
be made betwixt ! ,fl[] & ,se$ ( ! same 
ye>2 ! ,se$ is fir/ =m$1 & aft]w>d !    
,fl[]4 ,t is1 ! ,se$1 = :i* ,nature     
*ooses ! ,fir/born ,sap1 is =m$ 9 ! =e  
"p ( ! ye>3 :i* "w be+ f9i%$1 out ( !   
less fcund "p ( ! ,sap1 ! ,fl[]s int5d$ 
= ! ,sire & ,matrix ( ! next ye>s ,se$2 
is aft]w>ds produc$4   #g4 4 ,,! true   
,"t ( ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,fl[] be+ "k'n1 x 
may also be an ,inducem5t to make       
,tryal1 = ! br++ ( _m ,fl[]s to gr[     
fairly 9 ,w9t]1 :i* are us$ to gr[1 t   
is1 to appe>1 only 9 ! ,spr+ & ,summ]3  
sc4 by keep+ ! ,plants w>m1 & !reby     
entic+ ! "y lurk+ ,fl[]s to come abroad4

                                  ,!    
,app5dix4         ,be+ a ,me?od propos$1
 = ! ready f9d+1 by !         ,leaf &   
,fl[]1 to :at ,sort any ,plant belonge?4
   ,,al?\gh _m h be/[$ extraord9>y ,c>e 
& ,indu/ry ^u ! se>*+ out1 &            
,description ( ,plants2 & = ! r$uc+ ( !m
 to _! sev]al ,tribes3 yet ,i w take    
leave1 "h to propose a %ort ,me?od :]eby
 ,le>n]s1 see+ a ,plant !y "k n1 may be 
in=m$ to :at ,sort x belongs1 & s be    
direct$ :]e to f9d x describ$ & disc\rs$
 (4 ,=1 except !y h a ,ma/] to conduct  
!m1 :i* few h2 !y mu/ ne$s1 by seek+ at 
r&om1 lose a great deal ( "t1 :i* by a  
regul> ,enquiry might be sav$4 ,besides1
 t :at is le>n$ by _! own ,obs]vation1 w
 abide mu* long] on _! m9d1 ?an :at !y  
are only ,poynt$ to1 by ano!r4  #b4 4   
,n[ ! mo/ ,philosophick way ( di/+ui%+  
or sort+ ( ,plants1 7 by ! ,*>act]i/ick 
,prop]ties 9 all ,p>ts1 bo? ,comp\nd$1  
,con/itu5ts1 & ,cont5ts4 ,b ( !         
,comp\nd$1 ! ,se$s1 & "s o!r ,p>ts1 are 
(t5times v m9ute3 & ! ,roots always lie 

hid4 ,z also ! ,con/itu5t ,p>ts1 e :]e1 
)\t cut+ & ! use ( ,glasses4 ,nor c !   
,cont5ts be accurately obs]v$ o!rwise4  
,s t = ! ,use "h int5d$1 ^? ,prop]ties  
are ! fite/ to be insi/$ ^u1 :i* are !  
mo/ ,conspicu\s1 & 9 ^? ,p>ts1 :]e !    
,le>n] may ! mo/ readily & )\t any      
difficulty take notice ( !m2 z 9 ! ,fl[]
 & ,leaf4 ,! ,fl[] ha? ,v>ieties en\gh (
 x self4 ,b 9 reg>d x is (t5 want+1 :5 !
 ,gre5 ,leaf is n2 x is !re=e conv5i5t1 
t he be assi/$ by bo?1 & t ! ,v>ieties (
 bo? be di/9ctly r$uc$ unto ,tables4    
,:i* may be done1 aft] ! foll[+1 or "s  
o!r l mann]4  #c4 4 ,& ,fir/ = !        
,leaves4 ,! mo/ obvi\s ,v>ieties ( :i*1 
are 9 _! ,position1 ,size or ,%ape4  #d4
 4 ,leaves are fa/n$ )1 or )\t a ,/alk4 
,)\t1 only close to ! ,bran*1 z 9       
,s\?i/le2 or surr\nd+ x1 z 9 ,?or[-,wax4
  #e4 4 ,bo? ^! ways1 !y /& ei!r s+ly1 t
 is1 b "o at ! same height2 or m toge!r4
  #f4 4 ,m toge!r1 9 ,ev5 or ,odd       
,numb]s4 ,9 ,ev5 ,numb]s1 commonly ,two 
& ,two1 z 9 ,sage1 ,polium2 ,sometimes  

,f\r1 z 9 ,cross-wort1 ,madd]1 ,h]b     
,true-,love1 ,pomum ,maj2 or m1 z1 ,i   
?9k1 9 ,woodr(e1 c4 ,9 ,odd ,numb]s1    
,?ree1 z 9 all ,trefoyls1 ,/rawb]ries2  
,five1 9 ,p5taphil1 ,ca/anea ,equ9a2    
,sev51 9 ,torm5til4  #g4 4 ,! ,sizes (  
,leaves are innum]able4 ,x is !re=e     
necess>y to r$uce !m to a ,/&>d4 ,& s1  
!y may be reckon$1 ,?ree2 ,small1 ,mean 
& ,great3 ) respect to ! ,l5g? ( !      
,leaf1 ! ,bread?1 or bo?4 ,f "o ,in* &  
"u1 all ,leaves may be acc\nt$ ,small2 f
 "o ,in* & ov]1 to five ,in*es1 ,mean2 f
 five & ov]1 ,great4  #h4 4 ,! ,%apes ( 
,leaves are also numb]less4 ,b ! mo/    
obvi\s di/9ctions :i* !y admit (1 are   
su* z ^!2  #i4 4 ,leaves are            
,membrane\s1 z ! great] "p2 ,squame\s1 z
 ,abies1 or ,filam5t\s4 ,:i* are solid1 
z 9 ,f5il1 ,meum1 ,buph?almum1          
,*amemile1 ,gr\ndp9e2 or holl[1 z 9     
,onion4  #aj4 4 ,membrane\s1 h all _!   
ma9 ,fibres produc$ ei!r f ! ,/alk1 z 9 
,holyoak2 or f ! middle ,/em ( ! ,leaf1 
z 9 mo/4 ,f ! midle ,/em1 reciprocally1 

z 9 ,scabi\s1 or oppositely1 t is1 "o   
ov] aga9/ ano!r1 z 9 ,rose3 & bo? ways1 
at ,acute ,angles1 z 9 mo/2 or ,"r1 z 9 
,d&elion4  #aa4 4 ,aga91 !y are diff]5t 
) respect to ! ,top1 ! ,bottom1 & !     
,sides4 ,! ,top is ,?orny1 z 9 ,furz2 or
 ,un>m$4 ,un>m$1 ei!r ,produc$1 t is1   
,poynt$1 or at lea/1 ,r\ndi%1 z 9       
,lamium1 ,ironwort2 or else ,r$uc$1 z 9 
,woodsorrel4 ,& s ! ,bottom1 is ei!r    
,r$uc$ t[>ds ! ,top1 z 9 ,gr\nd-,ivy2 or
 ,produc$ ^u ! ,/alk1 z 9 ,popl>1 ,bay1 
c4  #ab4 4 ,! ,sides or ,edges ( !      
,leaf1 are ei!r ( "o & ! same ,measure1 
z commonly2 or ( div]s1 z 9 ,doronicum4 
,bo? ways !y are ,ev51 z 9 ,syr+a1      
,m\s-e>2 or ,unev54 ,! ,unev51 are      
,prickly1 z ,holly1 ,eryngium1 ,?i/le2  
or ,un>m$4 ,un>m$1 are ,insect$1 or     
,resect$4 ,insect$ deeply1 t is1 ,lob$1 
z ,gold5 ,liv]wort1 ,clematis ,p]egr9a2 
or ) %all[ ,insections1 z 9 mo/4 ,& s1  
,ind5t$1 or ,scallopp$3 ! =m]1 :5 !     
,angle is made ) ,/raight ,l9es1 z 9    
,d&elion2 ! latt]1 ) ,crook$1 z 9       

,?alictrum4 ,resect$1 t is1 bo? ,lob$1 &
 ,insect$1 or :5 ^u ! great]            
,insections1 !re are o!r less] ones1 z 9
 ,wild-,cl>y1 ,lovage1 ,ma/]wort4   #ac4
 4 ,,! mo/ ,conspicu\s ,v>ieties (      
,fl[]s1 are 9 _! ,position1 ,size1      
,%ape1 & ,col\r4  #ad4 4 ,mo/ are fa/n$ 
) ,/alks2 b _m )\t4 ,sometimes1 !y are  
plac$ r\nd ab\t ! ,bran*1 t is1         
,coronat$1 z 9 ,pulegium2 & sometimes1  
all on "o side2 ei!r 9 ,ranks only1 z 9 
,bawm2 or 9 ,rank & ,file1 z 9          
,foxglove4 ,9 ,saxifraga ,aurea1 !y gr[ 
on ! ,leaf4  #ae4 4 ,aga91 !y ei!r /&   
,s+ly1 z 9 ,corn ,m>igold2 or ,clu/ur'd4
 ,& s1 ei!r all ^u "o ,bran*1 or on     
sev]al little ,ramificat$ ,sprigs4 ,on  
"o ,bran*1 prolong$ l a ,tail1 z 9      
,blatt>ia2 or ,contract$4 ,& s1 ei!r )\t
 ,/alks1 t is1 ,capitat$1 z 9 ,scabi\s2 
or ) ,/alks1 t is1 ,umbellat$1 z ,f5il1 
c4 ,on sev]al ,sprigs1 z 9 ,tanacetum1  
,y>r[4  #af4 4 ,! ,sizes ( ,fl[]s1 z ( !
 ,leaves1 may be r$uc$ to ,?ree4 ,f  an 
,in* & "u1 9 ,diamet] or ,l5g?1 may be  

acc\nt$ ,small4 ,f  an ,in* & ov] to an 
,in* & 1 may g = ,mean4 ,& f an ,in* & v
 & ov]1 ,great4  #ag4 ,9 respect ( !    
,%ape1 ,fl[]s are ,op5 or ,belly'd4 ,op5
 h bo? ,leaves & ,attire1 z mo/2 or else
 are all ,attire1 z ( ,burdock1 ,beta   
,cretica4  #ah4 4 ,! ,op51 consi/ ( a   
,c]ta9 ,numb] ( ,leaves1 ,"o1 ,two1     
,?ree1 ,f\r1 ,five1 ,six1 ,sev51 ,eight1
 ,n9e1 ,t51 ,?irte51 or ,"o & ,tw5ty4   
,unc]ta91 commonly call$ ,d\ble4 ,^? ( a
 ,c]ta9 ,numb]1 ei!r ,uni=m1 t is1 all (
 a c]ta9 ,size & ,%ape1 z usually2 or   
,bi=m1 or ,tri=m1 z 9 ,iris1 ,blatt>ia4 
,& ^! aga91 ,ev5 ,edg$ or ,not*$2 )     
,?ree ,poynts1 z 9 ,m>igold2 or ,five1 9
 ,ci*ory4  #ai4 4 ,! ,belly'd1 are ei!r 
s 9 :ole2 or 9 ,"p1 t is1 ) ! ,top      
divid$ into ,leaves1 & ! ,bottom1       
,holl[3 ,! =m]1 are also ,ev5 ,edg$1 z 9
 ,convolvulus2 or ,not*$1 z 9           
,tra*elium4 ,! latt] h _! ,leaves       
di/+ui%$ z be=e4 ,_! ,bottom or ,base1  
ei!r fa/n$ to ! ,se$-,case1 z 9         
,snap-dragon2 or /&+ bel[ x4 ,& s1 ei!r 

,/raight1 z ,i ?9k 9 ,toad-flax2 or     
,crook$1 z 9 ,violet1 ,l>k-heel4  #bj4 4
 ,9 all ^!1 ! ,attire is ei!r ,sem9i=m1 
or ,florid4 ,& bo?1 ,clu/ur'd1 or       
,divid$2 z 9 ,mall[1 ,/4 ,johns wort2   
,/>wort1 ,hawkwe$4  #ba4 4 ,! ,col\rs ( 
! ,fl[]1 are ,:ite1 z 9 ,wat]-,cr[foot2 
,r$1 z ,ly*nis2 ,blew1 z ,borage2       
,purple1 z ,/ock-,july ,fl[]2 ,black1 z 
9 "s ,anemones2 ,yell[1 9 ,wall-,fl[]2  
,tawny1 9 ,colus ,jovis2 ,gre51 9       
,laureola4 ,:i* are ei!r ,s+le1 or      
,mix$3 ,two toge!r1 z 9 ,butyr-,bur1    
,:ite & ,r$2 9 ,:ite ,hellibore1 ,:ite &
 ,gre52 9 ,monks ,rub>b1 ,r$ & ,gre52 c4
 ,or ,?ree toge!r1 z 9 ,pancy1 ,yell[1  
,blew1 & ,black1 i4e4 atro-purpureus4   
#bb4 4 ,h[ f> ^!1 & "s o!r l            
,di/9ctions1 be+ r$uc$ to ,tables1 w\ld 
s]ve = ! f9d+ out ( any ,sort ( ,plant1 
may be conceiv$1 if we consid]1 h[ great
 a ,v>iety1 a few ,bells1 9 ! r++ (     
,*anges1 w produce4 ,& ! se>* w be easy1
 & successfull1 if 9 e =ego+ ,table1    
ref]5ce be made to ^? t foll[2 & 9 !    

,tables conte9+ ! la/ ,divisions1 !     
,names ( ! ,plants !re9 poynt$ out1 be  
express$4                               
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,fruits1                               
,,prosecut$                             
,) ! b>e ,,eye1                         
,& ) !                                  
,,microscope4             ,read be=e !  
,royal ,society1 9 ! ,ye> #afgg4        
,! ,,?ird ,,"p4                         
,by ,,nehemjah ,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[     
( ! ,,royal ,,society1 & ( !            
,,college ( ,,physicians4               
,,london1                       ,pr9t$  
by ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                  
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts                               
,,( ,,!                                 
,?ird ,"p4                              
,,*ap4 ,i4    ,( ! ,,apple2 & ( !       
,,limon1 & ,,cucum]1 ! ,fruits (        
,plants vulg>ly call$ ,,pomif]\s4       

,,*ap4 ,,ii4                          ,(
 ! ,,pe> & ,,qu9ce4                     
,,*ap4 ,,iii4         ,( ! ,,plum1 & "s 
o!r ,fruits ( ! same ,k9dr$4            
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                   ,( !     
,,grape1 & ,,hazel-,,nut2 ) "s          
o!r ,fruits analog\s to ea* ( !m4       
,,*ap4 ,v4                      ,( !    
,,se$-,,case or ,,membrane\s            
,,ut]us4                                
,,*ap4 ,,vi4                  ,( ! ,,use
 ( ! ,p>ts to ! ,fruit4                 
,,*ap4 ,,vii4    ,( ! ,,use ( ! ,p>ts to
 ! ,se$4 ,& ! ,,"t1 9 :i*1      ! ,ut]us
 or ,fruit & ,se$-,case are =m$4        
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,fruits4                               
,,"p ,,iii4                             
,,*ap4 ,i4    ,( ! ,,apple2 & ( !       
,,limon1 & ,,cucum]1 ! ,fruits (        
,plants vulg>ly call$ ,,pomif]\s4   ,,! 
,description & ,use ( ,leaves & ,fl[]s1 
toge!r ) ! ,figures !reto belong+1 7    

pres5t$ to ?is ,hon\rable ,society1 !   
la/ ye>4 ,i %all conclude ?is ,subject )
 ,fruits & ,se$s2 beg9n+ ) ,fruits1 :i* 
w take up ! pres5t ,disc\rse4  #b4 4 ,& 
,fir/1 ,i %all describe ! ,comp\nd+     
,p>ts ( "s1 m g5]ally kn[n4 ,:i* hav+   
done1 ,i %all next obs]ve ! ,uses ( !   
same2 ei!r = ! ,fruit x self1 or = !    
,se$4 ,"s ( ! ,descriptions1 ! ,read]   
may be pleas$ to comp>e ) ^? 9 ! ,fir/  
,book4  ,*4 #f4  ,i beg9 ) ! ,apple2 to 
:i* ,i %all subjoyn ! ,limon1 & ,cucum]1
 commonly r$uc$ to ! ,pome ,k9d4   #c4 4
 ,,an ,,apple1 besides ! ,sk91 consi/e? 
( a ,p>5*yma1 ,vessels1 & ,co>4 ,!      
,p>5*yma or ,pulp1 is ! same ) t ( !    
,b>que ( ! ,tree4 ,z is app>5t1 n only f
 ! visible cont9uation !re( f ! "o1     
?r\gh ! ,/alk1 into ! o!r3 b also f !   
,/ructure common to !m bo?2 be+ bo?     
compos$ ( ,bladd]s4 ,9 :i*1 not)/&+1 !re
 is ?is diff]5ce1 ,t :]eas 9 ! ,b>que1  
!y are sph]ical1 & v small1 mo/ ( !m1   
?r\gh a good ,glass1 n exce$+ #a_/af (  
an ,in* 9 ,diametre1 & "s ( !m1 less3   

"h1 !y are oblong & v l>ge1 mo/ ( !m    
ab\t  ( an ,in* 9 ,l5g?1 or m1 accord+  
to ! l>g5ess & t5d]ness ( ! ,fruit2     
,tab4 #fe4  be+ all uni=mly t5t]'d or   
/ret*$ out1 by ! ar*+ ( ! ,vessels1 f ! 
,co> t[>ds ! ,circumf]5ce ( ! ,apple4   
#d4 4 ,! ,vessels1 z 9 ! o!r ,p>ts ( a  
,plant1 are ,succif]\s1 & = ,a]4 ,bo? ! 
,bran*es ( ! =m]1 & ! s+le ,vessels ( ! 
latt]1 are extream small4 ,!y run e :]e 
toge!r1 n collat]al1 z ,ve9s & ,art]ies 
d 9 ,animals2  ,tab4 #fe4  b ! latt]1   
%ea!d 9 ! =m]4  #e4 4 ,!y are di/ribut$ 
into ,tw5ty pr9cipal ,bran*es4 ,! ,t5   
outmo/1 a little )9 ! ,apple1 are div]t$
 f a /raight ,l9e1 into s _m great      
,ar*es2 f :i* a few small ,fibres are   
)\t any ord] dispe>s$ ?r\gh ! ,apple4 ,!
 ,five middlemo/1 & ! ,five inmo/1 run 9
 a /raight ,l9e z f> z ! ,co>1 & are !re
 div]t$ into z _m less] ,ar*es2  ,tab4  
#fe4  ! =m]1 at ! out]1 & ! latt] at !  
in] ,angles ( ! ,co>4 ,^u ^! ,five inmo/
 hang all ! ,se$s4  #f4 4 ,^! ,t51 & !  
o!r ,t5 abovesaid1 d all meet toge!r at 

! top ( ! ,apple1 :]e orig9ally1 !y all 
ran into ! ,fl[]4  ,tab4 #fe4  ,b       
betwixt !m1 !re are sc>ce any int]curr5t
 ,fibres2 s t !y appe> e :]e disjunct f 
! bottom to ! top ( ! ,apple4   #g4 4 ,a
 ,,limon ha? a ,?reefold ,p>5*yma2 :i*  
seem to be d]iv$ "o f ano!r3 ! ,texture1
 ^u e d]ivation1 be+ some:at alt]$1 & s 
made m close & elaborate4  ,tab4 #ff4   
,! utmo/1 call$ ! ,r9d1 ha? ! mo/ op51 &
 ! c\rse/ ,texture2 be+ compos$ ( !     
l>ge/ ,?r$s1 & ^? ,?r$s wov5 up into    
l>g] ,bladd]s4 ,^? little ,cells1 :i*   
conte9 ! ,ess5tial ,oyl ( ! ,fruit1 & /&
 ne> ! ,surface ( ! ,r9d1 are "s ( !    
said ,bladd]s mu* m dilat$4  #h4 4 ,f   
?is utmo/ ,p>5*yma1 ,n9e or ,t5         
,ins]tions or ,lamels are produc$1      
betwixt z _m ,portions ( ! ,pulpy ,"p1  
t[>ds ! ,c5tre1 :]e !y all unite into "o
 ,body1 answ]able to ! ,pi? 9 ! ,trunk  
or ,root ( a ,tree2 & is a conspicu\s   
demon/ration1 ( ! communion betwixt !   
,b>que & ! ,pi?2 :i* !re1 is mu* m      
obscure & difficult to obs]ve4  ,tab4   

#ff4  ,at ! bottom1 b especially ! top (
 ! ,fruit1 ! ,pi? is s f> exp&$1 z )\t !
 m$iation ( any ,lamels1 to be joyn$ to 
! ,r9d4  #i4 4 ,?r\gh\t ?is ,p>5*yma1 ! 
,vessels are dispe>s$4 ,b ! *ief        
,bran*es /& on ! in] ,edge ( ! ,r9d1 & !
 out] ,edge ( ! ,pi?1  ,tab4 #ff4  j at 
! two extremities ( e ,lamel4 ,f ^?     
,bran*es on ! ,edge ( ! ,pi?1 o!r little
 & v %ort ones %oot into ! ,pulp ( !    
,fruit1 ^u :i* ! ,se$s are app5dant4 ,9 
! ,c5tre ( ! ,pi?1 are ,eight or ,n9e1 9
 a ,r+1 :i* run ?r\gh ! ,fruit up to !  
,fl[]4  #aj4 4 ,betwe5 ! ,r9d & ! ,pi? &
 ^? sev]al ,lamels1 :i* joyn !m toge!r1 
/&s ! second ,sort ( ,p>5*yma1 diff]5t f
 ! =m]1 9 be+ some:at clos]1 & f9]      
wr\ght ,divid$1 by ! ,lamels1 into      
sev]al di/9ct ,bodies2 e "o ( !m a great
 & entire ,bag4  #aa4 4 ,)9 e great     
,bag1 is conte9$ a ,?ird ,p>5*yma1 :i*  
is also a ,clu/] ( o!r little ,bags1    
ab\t ! bigness ( an ,oate1 all disjoyn$ 
"o f ano!r1 & hav+ _! di/9ct ,/alks1    
,tab4 #ff4  ( sev]al ,l5g?s1 by :i* !y  

are all fa/n$ to ! utmo/ ,side ( ! great
 ,bag1 :]e9 !y are conte9$4 ,)9 ea* ( ^!
 less] ,bags are conte9$ _m hundr$s (   
,bladd]s1 consi/+ ( mo/ extream f9e     
,?r$s wov5 up toge!r into t ,figure4 ,)9
 ^! ,bladd]s lies ! ,acid ,juyce ( !    
,limon4   #ab4 4 ,a ,,cucum]1 ha? also a
 ,?reefold ,p>5*yma4 ,! ,utmo/1 is      
d]iv$1 f ! ,b>que4 ,9 ?is1 be+ expos$ = 
"s "t to dry1 & !n cut transv]sly ) a   
,rasor2 n only ! ,bladd]s1 b also !     
,?r$s :]e( ! ,bladd]s consi/1 ?r\gh a   
good ,microscope1 are app>5t4  #ac4 4   
,?r\gh\t ?is ,p>5*yma ! ,sap-,vessels   
are disp]s$2 ne> ! ,circumf]5ce1 9 ,t5  
or ,twelve v l>ge ,bran*es4  ,tab4 #ff4 
,ea* ( ^! l>g] ,bran*es1 embosoms ano!r 
( ,a]-,vessels 9 its ,c5tre4 ,adjac5t to
 ! ,midle ,p>5*yma1 !y /& 9 ,clu/res (  
mu* small] ,bran*es1 b m num]\s4  #ad4 4
 ,out ( all ^! ,sap-,vessels1 issues a  
transp>5t & visc\s ,mucilage2 :i* be+   
dry$1 becomes z h>d & t\gh z ,gum       
,tragacan?4 ,analog\s to :i*1 ,i        
suppose1 is ! truly purgative "p (      

,elat]ium4  #ae4 4 ,! ,midle ,p>5*yma is
 d]iv$ f ! ,pi?2 & divid$ into ,?ree    
,colums1 /&+ triangul>ly1 & hav+ ea* (  
!m a ,triangul> ,figure4  ,tab4 #ff4    
,)9 ^! ,colums /& a di/9ct ,sort (      
,sap-,vessels3 f :5ce1 sev]al small &   
%ort ,fibres %oot into ! ,inmo/         
,p>5*yma1 :]eupon ! ,se$s d hang4 ,s t  
^! ,columns are z x 7 ! ,b$s on :i* !   
,se$s gr[4 ,) ea* ( ! ,se$-,bran*s or   
,fibres1 goes "s "p ( ! said ,p>5*yma or
 ,colum1 out ( :i*1 ! ,cov]s ( ! ,se$   
are =m$4  #af4 4 ,! ,inmo/ ,p>5*yma :]e9
 ! ,se$s lie1 & :i* answ]s to ! ,pulp ( 
a ,limon1 seems likewise to be d]iv$ f !
 ,colums1  ,tab4 #ff4  t is1 to be      
orig9ally !nce produc$ ^u !             
,se$-,fibres1 & aft]w>ds spread &       
augm5t$ into a ,pulp4 ,by ,?ree         
,ins]tions f ! ,colums1 & z _m f !      
,utmo/ ,p>5*yma1 & ^! re-ins]t$2 x is   
divid$ into ,six ,triangul> ,bodies2 & e
 ,triangle1 into ,?ree ,ovals4  #ag4 4  
,a ne> resemblance betwixt ! ,g>d5 &    
,wild ,cucum]1 ) respect to ! ,inw>d    

,/ructure1 z well z ! ,outw>d ,figure1  
may be obs]v$3  ,tab4 #ff4  ,bo? ( !m   
hav+ a ,?reefold ,p>5*yma4 ,yet ) ?is   
diff]5ce1 ,t ! ,?ree ,:ite ,triangul>   
,bodies or ,colums 9 ! "o1 is answ]$ by 
a ,:ite ,r+ or ,tube 9 ! o!r4           
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                          ,(
 ! ,,pe> & ,,qu9ce4   ,a ,,pe>1 besides 
! ,sk91 consi/e? ( a ,tw(old ,p>5*yma1 (
 ,vessels1 ,t>t>e\s ,knots or ,gra9s1 & 
a ,co>4 ,! ,sk9 is l9$ ) a great numb] (
 ! said ,t>t>e\s ,gra9s1 ?r\gh a ,glass1
 ab\t ! bigness ( small ,%ot3 :]eby x   
looks )9side1 l ! ,sk9 ( ! ,scate & "s  
o!r ,fi%es4  ,tab4 #fg4  ,besides ^? :i*
 gr[ to ! ,sk91 !re are also _m m /&+   
ne> adjac5t to x all r\nd ab\t ! ,fruit3
 altoge!r ab\t  ( an ,in* 9 ?ickness1   
?r\gh a ,microscope2 z 9 a ,slice ( a   
,pe> cut transv]sly is app>5t4 ,some:at 
m or less1 z ,i take x1 accord+ to !    
,delicacy or ,h>%ness ( ! ,fruit2 z m 9 
a ,burgamy1 or o!r s(t & sweet ,pe>1 ?an
 9 ^? :i* are call$ ,/rangulatoria4 ,z  
all ,v9\s ,liquors1 & ^? especially :i* 

are ! mo/ ,t>t>e\s1 become m s(t &      
sweet1 accord+ z !y ca/ (f _! ,t>t>1 9 a
 great] quantity1 ^u ! ,sides ( !       
,vessel4  #b4 4 ,! ,out] ,p>5*yma1 is ( 
! same ,orig9al1 & g5]al ,/ructure1 z 9 
an ,apple4 ,b ! ,bladd]s1 answ]able to !
 ,%ape ( ?is ,fruit1 n altoge!r s long1 
) respect to _! ,br$?4  ,tab4 #fg4      
,?r\gh\t ?is ,p>5*yma1 are also disp]s$ 
_m small ,t>t>e\s ,gra9s2 mo/ ( !m      
some:at r\nd1 z ^? next ! ,sk91 & ( a l 
,size2 b no?+ ne> s num]\s4  #c4 4 ,!   
,bladd]s "h1 h also a diff]5t ,position 
f t !y h 9 an ,apple3 !re1 !y are all   
/ret*$ out1 z to h respect to "o common 
,c5tre1 :i* is t ( ! ,apple x self4 ,b  
"h1 !y e :]e be> a respect to ! said    
,t>t>e\s ,gra9s1  ,tab4 #fg4  e ,gra9   
be+ ! ,c5tre ( a c]ta9 ,numb] (         
,bladd]s2 l a ,/>1 9 ! midle ( its      
,vortex4 ,:]eby1 s _m ( ! ,t>t>e\s p>ts 
( ! ,sap1 z _c well be ?r[n (f ^u !     
,sk91 are m commodi\sly dis*>g$1 ^u e   
little ,knot or ,gra91 ne>] h&4  #d4 4  
,?r\gh\t ?is ,p>5*yma1 ! ,vessels       

likewise are disp]s$4 ,( ! ,two g5]al   
,k9ds1 = ,sap1 & = ,a]4 ,! ,a]-,vessels1
 are "h extream small1 z well z 9 an    
,apple2 yet "o degree1 l>g]4 ,!y are bo?
 toge!r di/ribut$ into ,fifte5 pr9cipal 
,bran*es4  ,tab4 #fg4  ,! ,five ,utmo/  
make z _m ,arckes1 b commonly n ne> s   
deep z 9 an ,apple4 ,f ^!1 "s small     
,fibres1 yet a little m num]\sly ?an 9  
an ,apple1 are disp]s$ ?r\gh\t !        
,p>5*yma4 ,! ,t5 ,inmo/ run along to !  
,se$1 & f !nce1 ) ! o!r ,five1 to !     
,fl[]4  #e4 4 ,next ! ,co>1 /&s ! ,inn] 
,p>5*yma1 9 div]s respects diff]5t f !  
,out]4 ,! ,bladd]s ( ! latt]1 z ha? be5 
said1 l>ge & long2 ( ! =m]1 small &     
r\nd1 answ]able to ^? ( ! ,pi?1 ( :i* x 
seems to be d]iv$4 ,?r\gh\t t1 !        
,vessels & ,t>t>e\s ,gra9s are disp]s$2 
9 ?is1 !re are nei!r4 ,! ,effect :]e(   
is1 t is sweet1 ?is s[]2  ,tab4 #fg4  = 
:i* reason1 ,i h tak5 leave to "n x1 !  
,acet>y4  #f4 4 ,betwixt ?is & ! out]   
,p>5*yma1 ! said ,t>t>e\s ,gra9s beg91  
fir/ to /& ne>] toge!r1 to gr[ big]1 & (

 a m unequal ,surface2 & by degrees1 to 
unite into a ,body1 9 "s ,pe>s1  ,tab4  
#fg4  & especially t[>ds ! ,cork1 almo/ 
z h>d z a ,plum-,/one2 :i* ,i h !reupon1
 nam$ ! ,calcul>y4  ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #f4  ,s 
t a ,pe>1 is ,natures ,preface or       
,introduction to a ,plum4  #g4 4 ,?is   
,t>t>e\s ,body1 & ^? small ,gra9s above 
said1 ,i h =m]ly suppos$1  ,b4 #a4 ,*4  
#f4  to be precipitat$ out ( ! ,sap1 by 
virtue ( ! ,vessels4 ,:i* is n only     
argu$ f _! gr[+1 :]e ! ,vessels1 only 9 
! out] ,p>5*yma3 b 9 t ! v ,b\nds or    
,figure ( ! ,calcul>y1 is det]m9$ by !  
,situation ( ! *ief ( ^? ,vessels2      
,tab4 #fg4  z 9 cut+ a ,pe> smoo?ly     
?r\gh ! ,c5tre & by ! ,l5g?1 is app>5t4 
#h4 4 ,! ,co> z well z ! ,acet>y1 seems 
to be d]iv$ f ! ,pi?4 ,& is !re=e less] 
"h1 ?an 9 an ,apple1 :]e ! :ole ,pi? ( !
 ,/alk1 goes to ! mak+ ( ! ,co> only4   
#i4 4 ,9 mo/ ,pe>s1 at ! bottom ( !     
,co>1 & a little bel[ ! ,c5tre ( !      
,fruit1 !re is a k9d ( small ,umbelical 
,knot2  ,tab4 #fg4  f :5ce is ext5d$ a  

/raight ,*anel or ,ductus1 :i* op5s at !
 midle ( ! ,cork or ,/ool ( ! ,fl[]1    
sc>ce wide en\gh to admit ! smalle/ ,p94
 ,made = ! ,use h]eaft] m5tion$4   #aj4 
4 ,a ,,qu9ce1 is ne>ly ally$ to a ,pe>4 
,! diff]5ces betwixt !m are ^!2 ,9 !    
,qu9ce1 ! out] ,p>5*yma is m close1 t   
is1 ! ,bladd]s are small]4  ,tab4 #fg4  
,! ,vessels m num]\s1 & m deeply en>*$2 
! ,calcul>y great]1 & m spread2 accord+ 
to ! ,%ape ( ! ,fruit3 b ! ,acet>y1     
less3 ,! ,co> /&s high] or ne>] to !    
,cork2 divid$1 n into ,five1 b ,f\r     
,cells4 ,& ! ,ductus f ! bottom ( ! ,co>
 to ! top ( ! ,fruit1 mu* m op5 &       
obs]vable4                              
,,*ap4 ,,iii4         ,( ! ,,plum1 & "s 
o!r ,fruits ( ! same ,k9dr$4   ,a ,,plum
 consi/e? ( a ,p>5*yma1 ! ,two g5]al    
,k9ds ( ,vessels1 & a ,/one4 ,all :i* ,i
 h already describ$ 9 ! ,fir/ ,book4    
,*4 #f4  ,i %all "h add1 & fur!r cle> "s
 ?+s4 ,& ,fir/1 x is to be not$1 ,t1 9  
,proportion to ! ,bulk ( ! ,fruit1 !re  
are m ,vessels 9 a ,plum1 ?an 9 an      

,apple1 ,pe>1 or ,qu9ce4 ,z also1 ,t 9  
,plums1 all ! ,vessels are brac$ toge!r 
into "o ,uni=m ,piece ( ,net-,"w1 e :]e 
t]m9at+ at an equal di/ance f !         
,circumf]5ce1 sc4  ( an ,in* or !reab\t4
  ,tab4 #fh4  ,& z = ! ,bore ( !        
,a]-,vessels1 al?\gh ! ,glass ,i us$1 :5
 ,i exam9$ ?is ,fruit1 w\ld n rea* x2   
yet is x to be presum$1 t !y be> a j    
,proportion to ^? 9 ! ,trunk ( ! same   
,tree2 & t !re=e !y are "h l>g]1 ?an 9  
an ,apple or ,pe>4 ,! ,sk9 likewise ( a 
,plum1 is m fibr\s1 ?ick1 & t\gh1 ?an 9 
^? ,fruits4 ,! ,ends ( ^! ,div]sities1  
we %all pres5tly speak (4  #b4 4 ,( !   
,/one1 among/ o!r p>ticul>s :]e9 !      
contrivance ( ,nature is v admirable1 ,i
 h =m]ly %ew$1  ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #f4  ,t x is
 compos$ ( ,two or r ,?ree di/9ct       
,bodies4 ,"o ( !m1 ! ,l9+2 :i* answ]s to
 ! ,co> 9 a ,pe>4 ,& is orig9at$ f !    
,p>5*yma1 :i* ! ,se$-,bran* br+s along )
 x1 ?r\gh ! ,*anel 9 ! ,side1 & at la/  
into ! ,holl[1 ( ! ,/one2 & is !re      
spread all ov] x3 z :5 a small          

,glass-,pipe1 is bl[n & exp&$ into a    
,bubble4  ,tab4 #fh4 if a ,bladd]1 be+  
/ret*-out1 & put ?r\gh ! ,neck ( a      
,bottle2 7 !n bl[n up1 s z to be e :]e  
contigu\s to ! ,sides1 & become1 z x 71 
! ,l9+ ( ! ,bottle4  #c4 4 ,! ,f\ndation
 or ,gr\nd ( ! ,out] & m ,bulky ,"p ( ! 
,/one1 is ! ,in] ,"p ( ! ,p>5*yma2 &    
answ]s to ! ,acet>y 9 a ,pe>4  ,tab4    
#fh4  ,z ! ,fruit gr[s1 ! ,t>t>e\s ,p>ts
 ( ! ,sap1 be+ cont9ually precipitat$ ^u
 ?is ,p>5*yma1 x is h]eby petrify'd4 ,z 
w be/ be se51 by comp>+ ! sev]al ,ages (
 ! same ,fruit toge!r4 ,& 9 "s ,/ones2  
on ! ,surface :]e(1 "s ( ! said ,t>t>e\s
 ,p>ts appe> 9 di/9ct ,gra9s4  ,tab4    
#fh4  ,s t :]eas 9 a ,pe>1 ! ,calcul>y &
 ! ,acet>y are di/9ct1 "h 9 a ,plum1 !y 
are ?r[n "o into ! o!r4 ,or1 z "s ,m9]al
 ,wat]s only make a ,cru/ ab\t a ,/ick  
or o!r ,bodies imm]s$ 9 !m2 b o!rs1 by  
s9k+ into ^! ,bodies1 d h]eby petrify   
!m3 ,s 9 a ,pe>1 ! ,t>t>e\s ,p>ts ( !   
,sap1 only make a ,cru/ ab\t ! ,acet>y2 
b 9 a ,plum1 !y s9k into ! ,body !re(1  

or t ,"p ( ! ,p>5*yma1 :i* /&s 9 ! place
 ( x1 :]eby x is conv]t$ into a ,/one4  
,! ,figures ( ,/ones %all h]eaft] be    
spok5 (1 :5 ,i come 9 ! next ,"p1 to !  
,cov]s ( ! ,se$4   #d4 4 ,,an ,,aprecock
 is ( ! ,plum-,k9d4 ,b "s ?+s are h]e9  
bett] obs]v$4 ,z fir/1 ! ,position ( !  
,bladd]s ( ! ,p>5*yma4 ,= ! ,t>t>e\s    
,p>ts ( ! ,sap n be+ "h disp]s$1 9      
little ,gra9s1 ?r\gh\t ! ,fruit1 z 9 a  
,pe>2 b all ?r[n (f into ! ,/one3 !     
,bladd]s !re=e are s dispos$1 z n to h  
respect to sev]al ,c5tres1 z 9 a ,pe>2  
,tab4 #fh4  b only ! ,/one1 to :i* !y   
all d mo/ exactly radiate2 !reto convey+
 ! fecul5t ,sap1 9 s _m little ,/reams4 
,?is is be/ se51 :5 ! ,fruit is full    
ripe4  #e4 4 ,9 ?is ,fruit1 :ile x is   
"y1 ! gradual transmutation ( ! ,inn]   
,"p ( ! ,p>5*yma into a ,/one1 is also m
 app>5t4 ,& s are ! ,?ree ,coats1 :i*   
s]ve = ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$2 be+ n[ all 
v di/9ct2 & rem>kable1 n only = _!      
,bulk2 b also1 ! ,analogy :i* !y be> to 
! ,?ree ,membranes 9 _m ,vivip>\s       

,animals4 ,:]e( ,i %all give a m        
p>ticul> ,description1 :5 ,i come1 9 !  
foll[+ ,"p1 to ! ,cov]s ( ! ,se$4   #f4 
4 ,a ,,pea* ha? a mu* bigg] ,/one1 ?an  
ei!r a ,plum1 or an ,aprecock3 & ha?    
!re=e1 :5 full ripe1 & especially 9 hot 
,c\ntries1 a m desecat$ or bett] f9$    
,juyce4 ,= ! reason :y ! ,/one is s     
great1 is because ! ,vessels run s v    
num]\sly ?r\gh ! ,body ( x2 & s cause a 
m copi\s precipitation ( ! ,lees ( !    
,sap !re9to4   #g4 4 ,a ,,*]ry is       
likewise ne> relat$ to a ,plum4 ,b !    
,bracem5t or ,reticulation ( ! ,vessels1
 is "h c>ri$ out fur!r1  ,tab4 #fi4  s z
 to be all r\nd ab\t contigu\s to !     
,sk94 ,& z ! ,a]-,vessels 9 ! ,bran* ( a
 ,*]ry-,tree1 are l>g] ?an ^? ( an      
,apple-,bran*1 b less ?an ^? ( a        
,plum-,bran*2 s may !y be presum$1 to   
be> ! same ,proportion "h 9 ! ,fruit4   
#h4 4 ,a ,,walnut1 is a ,nuciprune2 or  
betwixt a ,plum & a ,nut1 z a ,bat is   
betwixt a ,bea/ & a ,bird4 ,= ! ,r9d1   
answ]s to ! ,pulp2 & ! ,%ell1 z ! ,/one1

 is also l9$4 ,b ! ,se$-,vessels1 :i* 9 
a ,plum run ?r\gh a ,*anel made on      
purpose 9 ! ,/one2 d "h ent]1 z 9 a     
,nut1 at ! ,c5tre ( ! ,%ell4 ,by :i*    
means1 !y are inve/$ ) a m fair         
,p>5*yma2 :i* ,nature ha? provid$1 z h] 
,clo?1 = ! mak+ ( ! ,coats wide en\gh = 
s va/ a ,k]nel4                         
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                   ,( !     
,,grape1 & ,,hazel-,,nut2 ) "s          
o!r ,fruits1 analog\s to ea* ( !m4   ,a 
,,grape1 is a ,plum ) two ,/ones2 = _!  
?ickness1 z h>d z any o!r4  ,tab4 #fi4  
,! ,di/ribution ( ! ,vessels is also    
some:at diff]5t4 ,= ! pr9cipal ,fibres  
runn+ up directly betwixt ! ,/ones2 & ! 
small]1 mak+ only "o s+le ,net1 ne> !   
,circumf]5ce2 !y all meet toge!r at !   
,top ( ! ,grape4 ,x is also to be not$1 
,t _m ,lign\s ,fibres are visibly mix$ )
 ! ,sk9 x self3 :]eby x becomes v ?ick &
 t\gh4 ,& z ! ,a]-,vessels 9 ! ,trunk ( 
a ,v9e1 are great] ?an 9 t ( an ,apple1 
,pe>1 or ,plum3 ,s is x to be presum$1 t
 9 a ,grape1 !y are great] ?an 9 !      

,fruits ( ^? ,trees4  #b4 4 ,! ,p>5*yma 
or ,pulp ( a ,grape1 seems to be d]iv$1 
n f ! ,b>que1 z 9 an ,apple2 nor p>tly f
 ! ,b>que1 & p>tly f ! ,pi?1 z 9 a      
,goosb]ry2 b :olly f ! ,pi?2 at lea/1 z 
f> z ! ,reticulation ( ! ,fibres2 & !   
,sk9 only f ! ,b>que2 :]eby ! ,pulp     
becomes s t5d] & delicate a ,meat4   #c4
 4 ,a ,,goosb]ry1 ha? a ,?reefold       
,p>5*yma4 ,! ,utmo/ is d]iv$ f ! ,b>que2
 ( a ,gre5] ,col\r1 & v ,sappy4 ,!      
midlemo/1 f ! ,pi?2 some:at :ite1 & m   
dry1 z ! ,diametral ,ins]tions 9 "s     
,roots4 ,9 bo? ( !m1 ! ,bladd]s are v   
conspicu\s1 above :at !y are 9 any      
,fruit1 ,i at pres5t ?9k (2 s z to be   
visible to a good ,eye )\t a ,glass4    
,tab4 #fi4   #d4 4 ,betwixt ^! ,two     
,p>5*ymas1 d run mo/ ( ! pr9cipal       
,fibres1 or ,vascul> ,?r$s4  ,tab4 #fi4 
,f :i* sev]al small] ones are bran*$    
into ! ,inmo/ ,p>5*yma2 ^u :i*1 ! ,se$s 
d hang4  #e4 4 ,ea* ( ^! small] ,bran*es
 is inve/$ ) "s "p ( ! midle or :ite    
,p>5*yma4 ,s]v+ p>tly to make ! ,cov]s (

 ! ,se$2 & p>tly1 ! ,pulp1 t is1 !      
,inmo/ & f9e/ ,p>5*yma ( ! ,b]ry1 9 :i* 
! ,se$ lies4   #f4 4 ,a ,:ite ,,cor91   
)\t tak+ (f ! ,sk91 %ewe? n unpleasantly
 h[ ! ,se$s are fa/n$4 ,= z ! ,trunk ( !
 ,tree cont9ues n to any consid]able    
,l5g?1 entire1 z 9 a ,plum1 b is        
pres5tly divid$ into sev]al ,b\ghs2 nor 
are ! ,edges ( ! ,leaf entire1 z also 9 
a ,plum1 b slit into sev]al ,lobes2 & ! 
,fruit1 into a great _m ,cor9s 9 a      
,bun*3 ,s aga91 ! ,se$s d hang ^u !     
,fibres1 l ,two o!r ,bun*es1 9 e ,cor94 
,z by ,refraction1 ,objects ( all ,sizes
 are repres5t$ on ! ,walls ( ! ,eye4 ,! 
,op]ations ( ,nature be+ e :]e ,uni=m3 &
 sometimes ! same 9 small1 transcrib$ f 
a great] ,copy4   #g4 4 ,a ,,nut1 is a  
,plum inv]t$1 or turn$ inside outw>d4 ,=
 ! ,%ell1 /&+ nak$1 includes ! ,p>5*yma3
 ! be>d$ ,cap1 n precisely answ]+ to t1 
b to ! ,empalem5t ( ! ,fl[]2  ,tab4 #fi4
  :i* likewise 9 _m o!r ,plants1        
out-lives ! ,foliature & ,embosomes !   
,ut]us ( ! ,se$4 ,& :]eas ! ,/one ( a   

,plum is n ,fac$1 b ,l9$ ) a ,p>5*yma   
d]iv$ at second h& f ! ,pi?3 ,! ,%ell ( 
a ,nut is n ,l9$1 b ,fac$ ) ! in] ,sk9 (
 ! ,cap4   #h4 4 ,,an ,,ak]n1 is ! ,nut 
( an ,oak4 ,yet ) ?is diff]5ce2 ,t      
besides ! ,cup1 x /&s 91 x ha? only a   
,lea!rn or ,p>*m5t ,cov] in/ead ( a     
,%ell4 ,f :5ce x come to pass1 t :]eas !
 ,k]nel ( a ,nut is sweet2 t ( an ,ak]n1
 is ( a v r\gh ,ta/3 ! ,au/]e ,p>ts ( ! 
,sap1 :i* 9 a ,nut are dra9$ (f into !  
,%ell1 be+ "h imbib$ by ! ,k]nel x self4
                                        
,,*ap4 ,v4                      ,( !    
,,se$-,,case or ,,membrane\s            
,,ut]us4  ,,to ! =em5tion$ ,fruits1 ,i  
%all subjoyne1 9 "s ,examples1 !        
,description ( ! ,se$-,case1 :i* is     
analog\s to ! ,fruit4 ,= ! ,fruit1      
/rictly s call$1 is1 ,a ,fle%y ,ut]us1  
:i* gr[s m moi/ & ,pulpy1 z ! ,se$      
rip5s4 ,b ! ,se$-,case1 :e!r x be call$ 
a ,cod1 ,pod1 or by any o!r "n1 is1 ,a  
,membrane\s ,ut]us1 :i* z ! ,se$ rip5s1 
/ill gr[s ! m dry & h>d3 z 9 mo/        

,plants4   #b4 4 ,,! ,,se$-,,case1 is   
ei!r orig9ally op52 ,or only :5 ! ,se$  
is ripe2 ,or nev] op5s at all1 till !   
,se$ be s[n4 ,( ! fir/ ,sort1 is t (    
,luteola2 z also ( ,cl>y1 ,sage1 ,hysop1
 & ! l3 :]e9 "o & ! same ,"p1 is bo? !  
,empalem5t ( ! ,fl[]1 & :5 t is gone1   
survives z ! ,case ( ! ,se$4  #c4 4 ,( !
 ,la/1 is t ( ,myagrum ,monsp]mon1      
,li?osp]me1 all ! ,/ones ( ,fruits1 )   
div]s o!rs4 ,& "s ,cases1 :i* are s(t1  
z1 ,i ?9k1 t ( ,g>d5 ,radi%4 ,! =m]1 by 
cleav+ 9 "s "p or o!r2 ^! only by rot+  
"u ,gr\nd4   #d4 4 ,,t ( ,g>d5 ,radi%1  
is a ,light & ,spongy or ,pi?y ,body2   
orig9ally1 e :]e entire4 ,b1 z x rip5s1 
breaks )91 into sev]al ,:ite & ,dry     
,membranes r\nd ab\t ! ,se$4  ,tab4 #gj4
  ,by ! ,l5g? & ab\t  ( an ,in* di/ant f
 ! ,sides ( ! ,case1 d run a pair (     
little ,vascul> ,ropes4 ,"s small]      
,fibres are f ^! transmitt$ to ! ,sides 
( ! ,case2 by :i* !y are kept tite &    
/eady4 ,^u div]s o!rs produc$ t[>ds !   
,c5tre1 hang ! ,se$s1 l ,two ,ropes (   

,onions4  #e4 4 ,( ^? :i* op5 s soon z !
 ,se$ is ripe2 "s are made to op5 at !  
,top1 z ,popy ,heads2 ,"s on ! ,side1 z 
mo/ ,cods2 & "s at ! ,bottom1 z t (     
,cod$ ,arsm>t4   #f4 4 ,,! ,popy-,head1 
is a little ,dove ,coat2 divid$ by      
,eight or ,t5 ,p>titions1 into s _m     
,/alls4 ,on bo? ,sides ! ,p>titions1    
hangs a mo/ num]\s ,brood ( ,se$s4      
,tab4 #gj4  ,! ,p>titions & ,sides ( !  
,head1 are made ( ! ,b>que1 & ,l9$ ) !  
,pi?4 ,:ile "y1 !y are v ?ick & spongy2 
& toge!r ) ! ,se$s1 d !n fill all up4 ,!
 ,head is !n also e :]e entire2 b z x   
dries1 x gradually op5s at ! ,top1 into 
sev]al ,w9d[s1 "o = e ,/all3 :i* are all
 cov]$ ) a v fair ,canopy4 ,a ,fabrick  
design$ = sev]al purposes1 z %all       
h]eaft] be said4  #g4 4 ,( ^? :i* op5 on
 ! ,side2 "s are made to op51 only on   
,"o ,side2 "s1 on bo? ,sides2 "s1 )     
,?ree ,sides2 "s1 ) m2 & "s horizontally
 or r\nd ab\t4   #h4 4 ,,! ,,cod ( ,g>d5
 ,bean 7& s ! re/ ( ! ,legum9\s k9d7    
op5s on "o ,side4 ,x ha? a ,tw(old      

,p>5*yma4 ,! ,utmo/ d]iv$ f ! ,b>que3 9 
:i* /& all ! ,vessels1 9 sev]al ,p>cels2
  ,tab4 #gj4  "o :]e(1 at ! ,back ( !   
,cod1 is mu* l>g] ?an ! re/1 %ap$ l a   
,copula us$ 9 ,s*emes2 f :5ce %oot ^?   
less] ,fibres ^u :i* ! ,beans d gr[4    
#i4 4 ,! ,inn] ,p>5*yma is d]iv$ f !    
,pi?4 ,^u its ,nativity1 & = "s "t      
aft]w>ds1 entire & :olly compos$ (      
,bladd]s1 z ! ,out]4 ,f ! ,base ( ! ,cod
 !y are gradually enl>g$1 s z to compose
 ?is ,p>5*yma into a v s(t & delicate   
,sponge4  ,tab4 #gj4  ,9 :i* 7! ,cod be+
 well gr[n7 ! v ,?r$s :]e( ! ,bladd]s 7 
wov51 are _m ( !m s loose & ample1 z    
easily to be drawn out 7z 9 ! unroav+ ( 
,knit-"w7 to a consid]able ,l5g?1 fairly
 visible ?r\gh an ord9>y ,glass4   ,b4  
#b4 ,p4 #a4 ,*4 #e4  ,b4 #c4 ,p4 #a4 ,*4
 #d4  #aj4 4 ,?is may fur!r confirm all 
t ,i h =m]ly said ( ! ,fibr\s ,texture (
 ! ,pi?1 & ( all ! o!r ,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts (
 ,plants4   #aa4 4 ,,! ,se$-,case (     
,m$ica1 is a ,cod w\nd up3 9 ! ,e*9ata1 
,spirally2 9 ! ,tornata1 by an ,helix4  

,n f9i%$ all toge!r2 b1 ^u ! fall ( !   
,fl[]1 beg9n+ to w9d1 cont9ues its      
,circles1 till x be come to its full    
,gr[?4   #ab4 4 ,,! ,se$-,case ( ,yell[ 
,h5bean op5s on bo? ,sides4  ,tab4 #gj4 
,on ! ,top1 is erect$ a ,colum1 ab\t  an
 ,in* long2 :i*1 z ! ,case swells1 gr[s 
less1 & at la/ falls (f4 ,on ! ,sides ( 
! ,ut]us or ,case1 ,two ,vascul> ,fibres
 run oppositely f ! bottom to ! top1 & s
 into ! ,colum4 ,along ! ,tract ( ^!    
,fibres1 ! ,case1 z x ages1 gradually   
cleaves on bo? ,sides asund]4  #ac4 4 ,!
 ,case is l9$ ) a dry & ?9 ,p>*m5t1 z   
smoo? z ,glass4  ,tab4 #gj4  ,9 ! ,c5tre
 ( ! ,case1 /&s a great ,p>5*ym\s ,boss1
 :i* is1 z x 71 ! ,b$ or ,plac5tula ( ! 
,se$s2 :i* lie all ov] x1 z 9 a         
,/rawb]ry4 ,& s 9 _m o!r ,plants4       
,?r\gh\t ?is ,b$1 ! ,vessels = !        
,g5]ation & ,n\ri%m5t ( ! ,se$s1 are    
di/ribut$2 "o v small ,fibre1 %oot+1 f !
 direct ones1 obliquely into ea* ,se$4  
#ad4 4 ,,! ,se$-,case ( ,tulip1 op5s )  
,?ree ,sides2 be+1 :5 "y1 a ,prism or   

long ,triangle4 ,f ! midle ( ea* ,side1 
a ,p>tition or ,boord is produc$2 all   
?ree meet+ 9 ! ,c5tre ( ! ,case2  ,tab4 
#ga4  & s p>t+ x into ,six ,/alls = !   
,se$4 ,! insides h]e(1 are1 l9$ ) a ?9  
smoo? & glossy ,p>*m5t1 l t 9 ,h5-bean2 
d]iv$ f ! ,pi?2 z ! outside1 f ! ,b>que3
 & s 9 _m o!r ,se$-,cases4  #ae4 4 ,!   
,vessels1 aft] !y rise above ! ,/alk1   
are dispos$ ) great artifice4 ,= fir/1  
!y are divid$ into ,?ree pr9cipal       
,bran*es1 :i* run a long ! ,?ree ,angles
 ( ! ,case2  ,tab4 #ga4  :]e ! ,?ree    
,sides1 z x ages1 gradually cleave      
asund]4 ,f ^! *ief ,bran*es1 at ! ,?ree 
,angles1 div]s less] ones run           
horizontally1 & meet at ! midle ( ea*   
,side4 ,f :5ce aga91 _m yet small] ones 
are produc$ ?r\gh ! br$? ( ea* ,p>tition
 to _! ,edges 9 ! ,c5tre ( ! ,case4     
,:]e1 once m1 !y are di/ribut$ into v   
f9e & %ort ,?r$s1 :]eupon hang ! ,se$s4 
#af4 4 ,,! ,se$-,case ( ,/ramonium or   
,?orn ,apple1 is divid$ into ,f\r       
,closets3 ,n op5 "o into ano!r1 z 9     

,poppy1 ,tulip1 c4 b s _m di/9ct        
,inclosures4  ,tab4 #ga4  ,9 ! mid/ (   
ea* ,closet /&s a ,colum1 joyn$ to !    
,side ( ! ,closet by a ,wall or ,lam9e4 
,?r\gh ! ,l5g? ( ! ,colums run sev]al   
great] & less] ,bran*es ( ,vessels1 f   
:5ce o!rs are obliquely produc$1 ^u :i* 
! ,se$s gr[4   #ag4 4 ,,! ,se$-,case (  
,anagallis or ,pimp]nel1 is a little    
,globe2 :i* op5s n by its ,m]idian or   
,v]tically1 z d ! =m]2 b by its         
,horizon4  ,tab4 #ga4  ,= div]s v small 
,fibres1 be+ produc$ f ! ,/alk to !     
midle ( ! ,case2 d !re fet* a ,circle1 &
 s divide x exactly into ,two           
,hemisph]es3 ! ,upp]mo/ ( :i*1 :5 !     
,se$s are ripe1 falle? (f2 & s ! w9d    
s[es !m4   #ah4 4 ,,! ,se$-,case ( ,cod$
 ,arsm>t1 nei!r op5s at ! ,top1 nor on !
 ,sides1 z d all ! =m]2 b at ! ,bottom4 
,x is compos$ ( ,f\r ,sides3 ! ,out] ,"p
 ( :i*1 is s(t] & m succul5t2  ,tab4    
#ga4  ! ,inn] a tite & /rong ,membrane4 
,9 ! ,c5tre ( ! ,case1 is erect$ a ,pole
 or ,colum ^u :i* ! ,se$s d all hang v  

loosely4  #ai4 4 ,f ?is ,me*anism1 !    
mann] ( t viol5t & surpris+ ,ejaculation
 ( ! ,se$s1 is intelligible4 ,:i* is n a
 motion orig9ally 9 ! ,se$s !mselves2 b 
contriv$ by ! ,/ructure ( ! ,case4 ,= ! 
,se$s hang+ v loose1 & n on ! ,sides ( !
 ,case1 z sometimes1 b on ! ,pole1 9 !  
,c5tre1 ) _! ?ick] end d[nw>d1 !y /&    
ready = a dis*>ge3 & ! ,sides ( ! ,case 
be+ l9$ ) a /rong & ,t5s$ ,membrane1 !y 
h]eby p]=m ! (fice ( s _m little ,b[s3  
:i*1 rema9+ fa/ at ! ,top1 & 7contr>y to
 :at we see 9 o!r ,plants7 op5+ or be+  
lett (f at ! ,bottom1 =ceably curle     
upw>d1 & s drive all ! ,se$s be=e !m4   
,,*ap4 ,,vi4                  ,( ! ,,use
 ( ! ,p>ts to ! ,fruit4   ,,9 ! =go+    
,descriptions1 ,i h already m5tion'd !  
,use ( ! ,p>ts 9 "s p>ticul>s4 ,i %all  
n[ a little fur!r expla9 ! mann] ( _!   
s]vice1 bo? to ! ,fruit1 & to ! ,se$4   
#b4 4 ,& fir/1 ! ,vessels s]ve = !      
,figuration ( ! ,fruit4 ,s 9 an ,apple1 
! ,t5 great & utmo/ ,bran*es s]ve n only
 to n\ri% & fe$ x2 b also1 by ! ,ar*$   

,l9es !y draw1 to direct & gov]n ! ,gr[?
 !re( into an orbicul> ,figure4 ,!      
,dilatation ( ^! ,vessels1 n be+ h9dr$  
by any ,braces or ,conjunction ) !      
,int]ior ones4 ,by ! ,sl5d]ness ( !     
,a]-,vessels1 z 9 ! ,root1 s "h 9 !     
,fruit1 mu* promot$4 ,& by _! ,sal9e    
,pr9ciple1 fir/ begun4  #c4 4 ,! ,five  
midlemo/ & ! ,five ,inmo/ s]ve toge!r1  
to figure ! ,co>2 ! =m] b\nd+ ! ,out]1 !
 ,latt]1 ! ,in] ,angles4 ,= 7 !y only   
,five1 or 7 all ,t5 9 ! same ,circle1 !y
 w\ld only make a r\nd ,cavity l t ( a  
holl[ ,pi?4 ,h5ce x is t ,apples1 9 :i* 
"s small ,?r$s ( ! ,vessels /rike out   
into ! ,circumf]5ce1 are v ,unev5 )     
div]s ,knobs & ,ridges4 ,b ,plums1      
,*]ries1 c4 :]e ! ,vessels all t]m9ate  
at an ,equal di/ance f ! ,sk91 are ,ev5 
all r\nd ab\t4  #d4 4 ,! ,bulk ( !      
,fruit dep5de? also on ! ,braces ( !    
,vessels4 ,= 9 ,plums & ,*]ries1 !y are 
m num]\s2 b 9 ,apples & ,pe>s !y are v  
loose "o f ano!r1 & s h lib]ty left !m  
to spread abroad4  #e4 4 ,z also on _!  

,size2 t is1 on ! ,size ( !             
,a]-,vessels4 ,:i*1 ! less !y are       
!mselves1 !y s]ve to make a bigg]       
,fruit4 ,z ! less !y are 9 any ,root1 !y
 s]ve to make x ! m ample4 ,= ! less !y 
are1 ! m pliable to ! ,attraction ( !   
,a]3 & 9 _! ,gr[? mu/ make s _m m spiral
 ,r+s3 by bo? :i* means1 !y make !      
great] ,ar*es4 ,& !re=e a ,pe> is       
commonly a small] ,fruit ?an an ,apple2 
a ,plum ?an a ,pe>2 & a ,grape1 ?an a   
,plum2 9 all :i* ! ,a]-,vessels are /ill
 great] & great]4  #f4 4 ,f ! same      
,cause1 x is also mo/ agreeable1 ,t !   
,fruit %\ld n come be=e ! ,leaves or    
,fl[]1 b la/ ( all4 ,= ! ,a]-,vessels1 z
 ha? be5 (t5 not$1 are n exactly        
,cyl9drick1 b tap]$2 t is1 n only !     
,fibres consi/+ ( div]s ( ^! ,vessels1 b
 ! ,vessels !mselves1 z !y asc5d into ! 
,trunck1 ,bran*es1 ,leaves1 ,fl[]1 &    
,fruit1 gr[ /ill m & m sl5d]4 ,s t !    
smalle/ com+ la/1 & be+ ! mo/ pliable2  
!y are also be/ accommodat$ = !         
,expansion ( ! ,p>5*yma into t we call !

 ,fruit4  #g4 4 ,x is likewise a prop]  
,"q to be ask$1 ,h[ x comes to pass1 ,t 
"s ,plants be> a ,fruit1 & n all8 ,i    
answ]1 ,t z ! ,size ( ! ,a]-,vessels    
conduce? to ! ,bulk ( ! ,fruit1 & !     
,ord] ( its ,gr[?3 ,s ! ,numb] ( !m1 to 
!re be+1 or n be+1 any ,fruit at all4 ,=
 ! ,fruit1 z we h already def9$ x1 is an
 ,ut]us1 :i* gr[s moy/] & s(t]1 z ! ,se$
 rip5s4 ,! reason !re=e1 :y ! ,ut]us 9  
"s ,plants1 cont9ues moi/ & s(t aft] !  
,se$ is ripe2 & 9 "s1 dries up2 is1     
,because 9 ! =m]1 !re is a small]1 9 !  
latt]1 a great] ,quantity ( !           
,a]-,vessels 9 proportion to ! o!r ,p>ts
 ( ! ,ut]us1 & s a great] quantity (    
,a]4 ,:i* z 9 ! ,pi? ( mo/ ,plants1 s   
"h1 by degrees excludes ! ,sap1 or r5d]+
 x m evaporable1 comes 9 ! room ( x2 & s
 ! ,ut]us is dry$ up3 t is1 !re is no   
,fruit produc$1 b only a ,se$-,case4    
#h4 4 ,f ! ,size1 ,numb]1 & ,position ( 
all ! ,vessels 9 ,fruits a reason also  
may be giv51 = ! div]sity ( _! ,ta/s4   
,"s ,in/ances h be=e be5 giv52 to :i* ,i

 %all add "o or two m4 ,s ! ,r9d ( an   
,orange1 is bitt]2 ! ,pulp1 s[]4        
,because ! =m] is furni%$ ) _m ,lign\s  
,vessels1 ! ,sulphure\s or ,oyly        
,t9cture :]e(1 be+ copi\sly mix$ ) !    
,acid ( ! ,p>5*yma1 produce t ,ta/4     
,:]eas ! ,pulp1 :i* is v s[]1 is void ( 
all mann] ( ,vessels4 ,b if !           
,sap-,vessels are ei!r less num]\s or   
less ,sulphure\s2 !y give s mild a      
,t9cture to ! ,p>5*yma1 z n to produce a
 bitt]1 b a sweet or s(t ,ta/2 z 9      
,apples1 ,grapes1 ,goosb]ries1 c4 ,& ( a
 ,goosb]ry1 x is p>ticul>ly to be not$1 
t :]eas1 9 a ,limon1 ! ,pulp only is    
s[]1 z be+ void ( ,vessels3 "h1 on !    
contr>y1 ! ,pulp only is sweet1 :]e9to  
all ! ,vessels /rike1 & ! ,r9d s[]4  #i4
 4 ,! div]sities ( ! ,sk9 x self1 h _!  
,use4 ,& !re=e1 ! m t5d] & delicate !   
,fruit is2 ! ,sk91 on ! contr>y1 is     
?ick] & m t\gh4 ,s ,apples h a ?ick]    
,sk91 ?an ,pe>s2 ,plums1 ?an ,apples2 & 
,grapes ?an ,plums2 ^? hav+ z x 71 only 
a ,coat ( ,kid1 b ?is ( good ?ick ,buff4

 ,& !re=e "s ,fruits1 al?\gh t5d]1 yet  
ei!r n hav+ s ri* a ,juyce1 or com+     
e>ly1 & s n be+ expos$ to excessive     
heats1 h a v ?9 ,sk91 z ,mulb]ries1     
,/rawb]ries1 c4                         
,,*ap4 ,,vii4         ,( ! ,,use ( !    
,p>ts to ! ,se$4 ,& ! ,,"t1 9        :i*
 ! ,ut]us or ,fruit & ,se$-,case are    
=m$4   ,,& fir/1 = example1 9 an ,apple1
 ! ,five ,inmo/ ,bran*es1 d be/ s]ve = !
 ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$2 ^! runn+ into !    
,attire ( ! ,fl[]1 & s c>ry+ (f ! mo/   
,a]ial ,_s f ! ,se$2  ,p4 #b4 ,*4 #e4 4 
#e4  by :i* means1 x becomes a m compact
 & d5s] ,body1 ?an ! ,fruit1 & s m      
accommodate to ! process ( ,vegetation2 
z ha? =m]ly be5 %ew$4  #b4 4 ,!         
,elongation likewise ( ! ,se$-,vessels1 
9 ! ,fruit & ,case1 sometimes directly1 
z 9 ,plums & ,nuts1 & sometimes by      
sev]al ,ambages be=e !y %oot into !     
,se$s1 z 9 ,tulip2 %ewes a design = !   
highe/ ref9+ & maturation ( ! ,sem9al   
,sap4  #c4 4 ,*iefly by means ( ! ,inmo/
 ,vessels1 is made t ,*anel 9 "s ,pe>s1 

& especially 9 ,qu9ces4 ,= ^! p]i%+ ) ! 
,fl[]1 ! circumjac5t ,p>5*yma %r9ks up1 
leav+ ! said ,*anel 9 ! mid/4 ,design$ =
 an inlet to ! ,a]1 = ! bett] dry+ ( !  
,se$s2 :i* "h /& ! m 9 ne$ ( x1 because 
encompass$ ) a ,mucilage4  #d4 4 ,= !   
bett] dry+ ( ! ,se$1 & ! disburs+ or s[+
 ( x 9 due "t1 ! op5+ ( ! ,case is1 9 ! 
same mann]1 also contriv$3 ei!r at !    
,top1 z 9 ,popy2 or on ! ,sides1 z 9    
,tulip1 ,pimp]nel2 or at ! ,bottom1 z 9 
,cod$ ,arsm>t4 ,all :i* op5+s are       
effect$ by ! runn+ ( ! ,a]-,vessels     
along ^? places3 = by dry+ ! ,p>5*yma   
next adjac5t1 !y cause x to *op & cleave
 asund]4  #e4 4 ,( ! ,se$-,case (       
,poppy1 x is p>ticul>ly to be not$1 ,t z
 ! sev]al ,w9d[s1 s]ve to let 9 ,a]1 = !
 dry+ ( ! ,se$s1 aft] _! full ,gr[?3 ,s 
! ,canopy ov] !m1 s]ves to keep out     
,ra94 ,= "h1 ! ,case n cleav+ d[n !     
,side1 z x usually do?2 %\ld ! ,ra9 get 
91 x w\ld /& 9 x1 z 9 a ,pot1 & s rot ! 
,se$s4 ,& z ! ,canopy s]ves to pres]ve !
 ,se$s2 s ! sev]al ,p>titions or ,walls1

 = _! bett] ,/[age4 ,= by an easie      
survey ( ?is little piece ( ,gr\nd1 x is
 pla91 t z !y /& on bo? ,sides e ,wall1 
!re is z mu* m ,gr\nd = !m to /& ^u1 z  
if !re 7 no p>t+ ,walls1 b ! ,se$s /uck 
all r\nd ab\t ^u ! ,ambit or ,sides ( ! 
,case2 or ^u a great ,b$ or ,plac5ta )9 
x1 z 9 ,hyoscyamus1 ,anagallis1 c4 :]e  
!re is a less num]\s ,brood4  #f4 4 ,!  
,co> likewise1 by /&+ betwixt ! moy/    
,p>5*yma & ! ,se$1 & be+ holl[ & s fill$
 ) ,a]2 do? mu* conduce to ! rip5+ &    
dry+ ( ! ,se$1 & its great] fitness bo? 
= keep+1 & s[+4 ,s ! ,p>*m5t ,l9+ ( !   
,se$-,case1 z 9 ,hyoscyamus1 c4 is      
answ]able to a ,co>4  #g4 4 ,! ,p>5*yma 
s]ve?1 among/ o!r purposes1 = !         
,g5]ation ( ! ,cov]s ( ! ,se$2 z 9 "s   
in/ances ha? be5 %ew$4 ,= :i* int5t1    
sometimes ! ,ext]ior ,p>5*yma1 z 9 a    
,limon2 sometimes ! midlemo/1 z 9 a     
,goosb]ry or ,cucum]1 is subs]vi5t2 bo? 
( !m1 9 ^? ,fruits1 be+ m :ite & dry1   
?an ! re/1 & s fit] to make ! ,cov]s ( !
 ,se$4  #h4 4 ,! ,p>5*yma is also ( use 

= ! w>m? ( ! ,se$2 z 9 ! ,se$-,case (   
,g>d5 ,radi%4 ,:]e91 z x rip5s !        
,p>5*yma gradually drys1 breaks1 & %r9ks
 up into sev]al s(t ,membranes1 9 :i* ! 
,se$s1 9 ! ,c5tre ( ! ,case1 lie swadl$1
 z 9 s _m f9e ,calico ,clo?s4   #i4 4 ,i
 ,,%all conclude ) obs]v+ ! ,"t ( !     
,g5]ation ( ! ,fruit & ,se$-,case4 ,?is 
ha? hi!rto be5 ?\ght to be initiat$ ^u !
 op5+1 ,i say n1 ! =m+1 b ! op5+ ( !    
,fl[]1 or n long be=e4 ,not)/&+ :i*1 :at
 ,i h =m]ly said ( ! ,fl[]2 ,i n[ d ! l1
 ( ! ,ut]us x self2 sc4 ,t 9 v _m       
,plants1 'tis =m$1 ) ! ,fl[]1 ! ye> be=e
 x appe>s & comes to its full ,gr[?4    
,tab4 #ga4  ,z = in/ance1 9 ,az>um1 n   
only all ! ,p>ts ( ! ,fl[]1 b ! ,ut]us x
 self1 & !re 9 also ! out] ,cov] ( !    
,se$ ( any "o ye>1 are p]fectly =m$ 9   
,augu/ or ,septemb] ( ! ye> =ego+4 ,! l 
may be se5 9 ,tulip1 ,mez]eon1 ,cor91 & 
_m o!r ,p]5nial ,plants4                
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     

,,se$s1                                 
,,prosecut$                             
,) ! b>e ,,eye1                         
,& ) !                                  
,,microscope4               ,! ,figures 
pres5t$ to ! ,royal ,society1 9         
! ,ye> #afgg4                           
,! ,,f\r? ,,"p4     ,by ,,nehemjah      
,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[ ( ! ,,royal        
,,society1 & ( !      ,,college (       
,,physicians4                           
,,london1                       ,pr9t$  
by ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                  
,,!                                     
,,cont5ts                               
,,( ,,!                                 
,f\r? ,"p4                              
,,*ap4 ,i4                         ,( ! 
,,figures ( ,se$s4                      
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                    ,( !    
,,numb] & ,,motions ( ,se$s4            
,,*ap4 ,,iii4          ,( ! sev]al      
,,cov]s ( ,se$s1 & ( ! ,,vitellum4      
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                ,( !        
,,foetus or true ,,se$3 & fir/ ( !      

,,radicle & ,,lobes4                    
,,*ap4 ,v4             ,( ! ,,buds (    
,se$s4 ,& ( ! ,,p>ts ( :i*              
^!1 ! ,radicle & ,lobes are comp\nd$4   
,,*ap4 ,,vi4                      ,( !  
,,g5]ation ( ! ,se$4                    
,,!                                     
,,anatomy                               
,,(                                     
,,se$s4                                 
,,"p ,,iv4                              
,,*ap4 ,i4                         ,( ! 
,,figures ( ,se$s4   ,,! ,figures (     
,se$s1 or r ( _! outw>d ,cov]s1 are made
 suitable1 ,p>tly to _! ,collocation 9 !
 ,ut]us1 z ! ,end4 ,s ^? ( ,mall[1 /&+ l
 a ,coronet r\nd ! ,/alk1 are ( a w$g$  
,figure2 :]eby _! %>p ,edges d all meet 
toge!r 9 "o ,c5tre4 ,p>tly1 to ! v>i\s  
di/ribution ( ! ,vessels or ,fib]s1 z "o
 ,cause3 by :i* ! ,measures & ,surface (
 ,se$s1 z well z ( ! ,leaves ( ,plants1 
are div]sifi$4 ,& p>tly1 to ! ,nature ( 
! ,sal9e & o!r ,pr9ciples reg5t 9 a     
,plant1 z ano!r pr9cipal ,cause4 ,&     

!re=e ! m /ony1 brittle1 or full ( ,salt
 ! ,cov]s ( any ,se$s are1 !y are       
g5]ally m angul>1 & _! ,figure1 :e!r    
angul> or n1 m con/antly obs]v$4 ,s !   
,t>t>e\s ,/one ( a ,plum1 is n only m   
angul>1 b also m regul> ?an ! ,husk ( ! 
,k]nel ( a ,pe> or ,apple4  #b4 4 ,= all
 ,/ones are measur$ by sev]al ,circles1 
^: ,diametres hold a c]ta9 proportion to
 ! ,l5g? ( ! ,/one2 9 ! same mann] z ha?
 be5 %ew$ 9 ! description ( ! ,leaf4    
,p4 #a4 ,*4 #c4  ,s ! ,/one ( !         
,pease-,cod-,plum1 is measur$ by two    
,circles4 ,t ( ! ,turkey-,plum ) ,f\r4  
,tab4 #gb4  ,t ( ! ,aprecok-,plum1 )    
,two repeat$ oppositely2 be+ p]fectly   
,rhomboid4 ,to :i*1 ^? also ( !         
,:eat-,plum1 ,damasce51 & "s o!rs1      
allude4 ,& "s are measur$ by f\r        
,circles1 & "o repeat$4  #c4 4 ,!       
,figures1 n only ( ! l>g] sort ( ,se$s1 
b ev5 ( ! smalle/1 h mu* & elegant      
v>iety4 ,we w take ! pleasure ( comp>+  
^! :i* foll[4  #d4 4 ,& fir/ ( all1 "s  
are p]fectly ,sph]ick1 & ) an ev5       

,surface2  ,tab4 #gc4  z t ( little     
,c5tury4 ,t ( ,sp]gula is also ,sph]ick2
 b ha? a knob$ ,surface1 & is encompass$
 ) a ,membrane\s ,rimm1 l ! ,horizon ( a
 ,globe4 ,t ( little ,cel&9e is         
,circul>1 b compress$ l a ,*eese4  #e4 4
 ,o!rs are ,nephroide\s1 or z x 7       
,hemisph]ick4 ,( :i* ,figure1 & h]eunto 
approa*+1 !re are a great] numb] ?an (  
any o!r2 z t :i* agrees ) ! m frequ5t   
,%ape & ,fold ( ! ,lobes & ,radicle ( ! 
,se$1 z %all be se54 ,yet ) "s diff]5ce1
 z to _! ,%ape & ,surface4 ,s1 t (      
,ly*nis ,sylve/ris is figur'd j l !     
kidney ( a ,cat2 & ha? a knob$ ,surface4
  ,tab4 #gc4  ,t ( ,poppey comes ne> x 9
 ,%ape2 b ha? a ,surface exactly l t "p 
( ! ,paun* ( a ,%eep1 call$ !           
,hony-,coome4 ,t ( great ,cel&9e1 is a  
little m oblong2 & s1 l ! ,kidney1 n ( a
 ,cat1 b ( a ,%eep3 *equ]$ ) p>allel    
,r+s & o!r %ort ,l9es plac$ alt]nately  
betwixt !m4  #f4 4 ,:]e1 by ! way1 we   
may see1 z well by ! ,se$1 z by ! o!r   
,p>ts1 ( h[ diff]5t k9ds1 ! ,great &    

,little ,cel&9e1 not)/&+ _! ,names1 are 
to be e/eem$4  #g4 4 ,! ,se$ also ( ,b5 
or spatl+ ,poppey is some:at l a        
,kidney3  ,tab4 #gc4  b ha? its         
,circumf]5ce rais$ up into a d\ble      
,ridge3 to :i* sev]al small ,ridges d 9 
"s sort also radiate f "o ,c5tre sc4 !  
,base ( ! ,se$4   ,tab4 #gc4  #h4 4 ,!  
,se$ ( ,*ickwe$1 is p>tly l a ,kidney1 &
 p>tly l a little ,retort4 ,z also t (  
,p5taphyl4 fragif]um4 ,b ! =m] is r\gh  
ca/ ) small pieces hav+ z x 7 feet on   
ea* side1 l little ,insects4 ,) :i*1 !  
,se$ ( ,leu*an!mum 7:i* may be call$1 ! 
,giant-,*ickwe$7 do? mu* agree4 ,!      
latt]1 ha? sev]al ,fibr\s ,ridges1      
resembl+ ! ,fibres 9 ! ,auricles ( !    
,he>t2 or runn+ f ! nose to !           
,circumf]5ce1 some:at l ! ,azymu? ,l9es 
on a ,quadrant4   ,tab4 #gc4  #i4 4 ,"s 
are ,oval2 z t ( ! little ,bell1 & r\gh 
ca/ ) ,fibres almo/ p>allel & produc$ by
 ! ,l5g? ( ! ,se$4 ,9 :i* latt] respect1
 ! ,se$s also ( ,tra*elium & "s o!r l   
,plants1 are agreeable4 ,t ( ,brooklime1

 is also ,oval1 b encompass$ ) a ?ick   
,rimm1 n>r[+ all ! way to ! ,base ( !   
,se$4  #aj4 4 ,! ,se$ ( ,dovesfoot ha?  
an oval ,cone1 & a flat ,base4 ,its     
,surface fav\s1 l t ( ,poppy1           
,toad-flax1 & "s o!r ,se$s4  ,tab4 #gc4 
,t ( ,s$um m9us /ivum luteum1 is 9 a    
mann] ! ,figure ( ! =m] inv]t$1 be+     
flat1 n at ! ,base1 b on ! ,top4 ,&     
:]eas t rises ) a blunt ,angle1 ?is ha? 
only a ,ridg1 rais$ above ! ,surface ( !
 ,se$4  #aa4 4 ,! ,se$s ( div]s sorts ( 
,grass1 are m ,conick1 z p>ticul>ly ( t1
 :i* = ! lik5ess its ,se$ ha? to a ,b>ly
 ,corn1 may be call$ ,b>ley-,grass4 ,&  
,i little d\bt1 b t among ! sev]al sorts
 ( ,grass1  ,tab4 #gc4  !re are "s :i*  
answ] to all ! k9ds ( ,escul5t ,gra9s1 z
 ,oat-,grass1 ,rice-,grass1             
,:eat-,grass1 ,rye-,grass4 ,& accord+ly1
 t !y may be m pr(itably s[n 9 "o       
,gr\nd1 ?an 9 ano!r2 & us$ ) di/9ction1 
= ! high]1 or m :olsome fe$+ ( ,cattle4 
,a ,ru%1 ?\gh x seems an imp]fect       
,plant1 yet besides its ,fl[]1 ha? also 

a pl5tiful brood ( ,se$s ( a ,conick    
,figure4  #ab4 4 ,"s ,se$s are          
,cyl9drick1 z t ( ,/4 ,johns-wort1 z    
also ( ,tutsan1 & "s o!r l ,plants1 ) "s
 little div]sity 9 ! ,%ape or ,surface (
 ! ,se$4  ,tab4 #gc4  ,t ( ,v]va91 is 9 
a mann]1 half a ,cyl9d]3 ! true ,se$ ly+
 9 ! ,cov]s1 l a ,*ild1 9 a ,cradle )\t 
an head4  #ac4 4 ,o!rs are r            
,conico-,cyl9drick1 z t ( ,jacoba2      
,tab4 #gc4  hav+ a ,coronet on ! top1 & 
sev]al furr[s by ! ,l5g? r\nd ab\t4     
,answ]able to :i*1 is t ( ,eryg]um2 9   
,%ape n unlike to a ,r[l+-p94  #ad4 4   
,"s are ,plani-,conick1 z t ( ,nettle1  
:i* is %ap$ some:at l ! end ( a ,spe]4  
,t ( ,eye-bright is m ,eliptick2 )      
sev]al ,ridges runn+ by ! ,l5g?2 & joyn$
 toge!r ) %ort pieces transv]sly1 z 9 ! 
loop+ ( ,lace4  ,tab4 #gd4  ,t (        
,wormwood n v unlike a little flat      
,ess5ce-,glass3 9 :i*1 ! ,fibres are    
produc$ by ! ,l5g?1 z ! ,ridges are 9   
,eye-bright4 ,& s 9 ,y>r[1 :i* is also  
encompass$ ) a ,membrane\s ,rimm4 ,t (  

,d&elyon1 is ,plani-,conick t[>ds !     
,base4 ,& s ^? ( ,lettice1 ,son*us1 & "s
 o!rs4 ,to :i*1 ^? also ( ,hi]aceum1    
,tragopogon1 ,scorzon]a1 c4 ) respect to
 _! ,surface1 d all allude4  #ae4 4 ,&  
"s are ,conico-,triangul>4 ,( :i*1 t (  
,sorrel is ,conick at bo? ends2 ! sides 
equal2 & ^u e ,angle1 ha? a n>r[ & %>p  
,rimm4 ,z also t ( ,anagallis2 b !      
,sides are ,sph]i-conick1 & s ! ends are
 blunt4  ,tab4 #gd4  ,!y are also p\nc$ 
) _m little r\nd ,cavities4 ,b h no     
,rimm ^u ! ,angles4  #af4 4 ,! ,se$ (   
,nigella is ,triangul>1 & ,conick only  
at ! ,top4 ,on e ,angle1 ha? a n>r[     
,rimm2 ! ?ree ,sides equal1 &           
,sph]i-conick2 surr\nd$ ) sev5 or eight 
,ridges by ! gir?1 joyn$ toge!r 9 "s    
places ) o!rs transv]sly4  ,tab4 #gd4   
,t ( ,arsm>t1 is also ,triangul> &      
,conick at ! ,top4 ,b "o ( ! ,sides is  
almo/ equal to ! o!r two2 :i* /& l[4 ,t 
( ,knot-,grass ha? ?ree ,sides1 "o less 
?an ano!r2 be+ z #e1 #c1 & #b1 or       
!reab\t4  #ag4 4 ,! next 7:i* ,i take to

 be ! ,se$ ( a sort ( ,bugloss7 is v    
oddly figur$4 ,! ,base1 oval2 ! ,top1   
conick2 ! ,back1 swell+ & r\nd z an     
,egg2  ,tab4 #gd4  ! ,belly also swell+1
 b ris+ up into an obtuse ,angle highe/ 
9 ! midle1 some:at l a ,brea/piece (    
,arm\r3 & is encompass$ ) a ,rimm sloap$
 upw>d4  #ah4 4 ,t ( ,moldavian ,bawm1  
is ,triangul>1 & ,conick only at !      
,base4 ,! place :]e x is fa/n$1 %ap$ l !
 ,be>d ( a ,d>t4 ,two ( ! ,sides are    
,plani-conick1 ! ,?ird ,sph]i-conick1   
,tab4 #gd4  & ne> z big z bo? ! o!r two4
 ,! ,head flat1 ) a ,rimm erect$ ^u ea* 
,side1 s z to make a ,sph]ical          
,triangle4 ,approa*+ to ?is1 are ^? (   
,sage1 ,horeh\nd1 ,cl>y1 c4  #ai4 4 ,t  
also ( ,bellis ,tanaceti folio1 ha? two 
,sides ,planiconick1 & a ?ird           
,sph]iconick4  ,tab4 #gd4  ,! two fir/ h
 sev]al ,ridges runn+ to ! ,base4 ,:i*  
is n p]fectly conick1 b a little dilat$ 
into two obtuse ,angles4 ,! ,head       
,triangul>1 ) "o ,side convex1 ! o!r    
,two /raight1 a little holl[d1 & hav+ a 

small p9acle 9 ! ,c5t]4  #bj4 4 ,t (    
,/*as ,arabica1 z ! =m]1 sav+1 t ! ,head
 is oval1 & ! ,base sloap$ into a little
 ,triangle4 ,t ( ,w>twort or            
,sun-,spurge1 ha? a v complex ,figure4  
,! ,belly consi/e? ( two ,planiconick   
,sides1 z ! =m]2 ! ,back1 ,sph]iconick4 
,tab4 #gd4  ,! :ole ,se$1 9 a mann]1    
,conick-oval4 ,yet ! ,base & ,head bo?  
flat4 ,9 ! midle ( ! =m]1 a ,peg by :i* 
! ,se$ is fa/n$2 & ( ! latt]1 a poynt$  
,knob4 ,! midle ( ! ,belly-,sides1      
holl[$1 s z to make a flat ,rimm ( equal
 ,br$?2 & ! holl[s fill$ up ) ,bladd]s l
 ^? 9 all ! ,p>5*ymus ,p>ts ( a ,plant4 
#ba4 4 ,la/ly1 !re are "s ,se$s :i* are 
squ>e4 ,:]e( "s are /raight1 z t (      
,fox-glove2  ,tab4 #gd4  :i* ha? also an
 ev5 ,surface3 ,& t ( ,blatt>ia1 9 :i*  
!re are sev]al little holl[s 9 ev5 ,r[s4
 ,& s 9 ,br\nwort4  #bb4 4 ,& "s        
,convex1 z t ( ,*rysan!mum ,am]ic4 ',tis
 ,quadrati-conick1 or squ>e & %>p at !  
,base1 & big at ! ,head4  ,tab4 #gd4  ,!
 ,sides all pla92 & a ?9 ,rimm erect$ ^u

 e ,angle4 ,z also on ! f\r ,sides ( !  
,head1 :i* is flat1 ) a little ,p9acle 9
 ! midle4  #bc4 4 ,! ,se$ also (        
,tansey1 is a ,conick & b5d$ squ>e n ) !
 ,angle =w>d1 z ! =m]1 b ! ,side4  ,tab4
 #gd4  ,& 9 ! place ( e ,rimm1 ha? a    
r\nd ,ridge4 ,some:at l to ?is1 are ^? (
 ,febrifuga1 ,maywe$1 & "s o!rs4 ,?us f>
 ( ! ,figures ( ,se$s4                  
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                    ,( !    
,,numb] & ,,motions ( ,se$s4   ,,nature 
ha? secur$ ! ,propagation ( ,plants     
sev]al ways1 b *iefly by ! ,se$3 = !    
,production ( :i*1 ! ,root1 ,leaves1    
,fl[]1 & ,fruit1 d all (ficiate1 z ha?  
be5 %ew$4 ,& accord+ z ! ,plant1 or !   
,se$ x be>s1 is m liable to be de/roy$1 
,provision is made = ,propagation1 ei!r 
by a great] numb] ( ,se$s1 or o!r ways4 
,s ! ,se$s ( ,/rawb]ry1 be+ ga!r$1 or   
eat5 by ,v]m91 ) ! ,fruit2 ! ,plant is  
!re=e easily propagat$ by ,trunk-,roots4
 ,s ,poppy1 be+ an annual ,plant1 is    
highly prolifick3 = in/ance1 ! ,:ite    
,poppy2 :i* commonly be>s ab\t f\r      

mature ,heads1 9 ea* ( :i*1 !re are at  
lea/ t5 ,p>titions1 on bo? sides :]e(1 !
 ,se$s gr[2 & ^u  "p ( "o side1 ab\t    
#ajj ,se$s2 t is1 #hjj on "o ,p>tition3 
:i* be+ multipli$ by #aj 7! numb] (     
,p>titions7 makes #hjjj2 & #hjjj aga9 by
 #d 7! numb] ( ,heads7 makes #cbjjj     
,se$s1 ! ye>ly product ( t ,plant4  #b4 
4 ,s 9 ,typha major1 ! ,se$s be+ bl['n  
(f & s['n 7z ! ,eggs ( _m ,fi%es        
spawn'd7 ) great haz>d1 !y are /rangely 
num]\s4 ,= z !y /& altoge!r ^u ! ,spike1
 !y make a ,cyl9d] at lea/ six ,in*es   
long1 & ne>  ( an ,in* 9 ,diametre1 or  
an ,in* &  ab\t4 ,n[ #i ( ^! ,se$s1 set 
side to side1 z !y /& on ! ,spike1 make 
b  ( an ,in*2 s t #gb make a l9e ( an   
,in* 9 ,l5g?4 ,b because ^u ! ,spike1 ! 
,hairs belong+ to ! ,se$s come betwe5   
!m2 we w abate #aj1 & c\nt b #fb4 ,to   
:i*  ( #fb1 t is 7)\t ! ,fraction7 #df  
be+ add$1 makes #ajh = ! ,circuit ( !   
,cyl9d]4 ,& ! ,cyl9d] be+ six ,in*es    
long1 !re are six times #fb1 t is1 #cgb1
 = a ,l9e ! l5g? ( ! ,cyl9d]4 ,:i* numb]

 be+ multipli$ by #ajh1 produce? #djagf 
! numb] ( ,se$s :i* /& ^u "o ,/alk2 & s1
 ^u ?ree ,/alks1 :i* "o ,plant commonly 
be>s1 !re are 9 "o ye>1 above a hundr$ &
 tw5ty ,?\s& ,se$s4   #c4 4 ,,s ,,soon z
 ! ,se$ is ripe1 ,nature take? sev]al   
,me?ods = its be+ duly s['n3 n only 9 ! 
op5+ ( ! ,ut]us1 z 9 "s ,in/ances#fi ha?
 already be5 se52 b also 9 ! make ( !   
,se$ x self4 ,= ,fir/1 ! ,se$s ( _m     
,plants1 :i* affect a peculi> ,soil or  
,seat1 z ( ,arum1 ,poppy1 c4 are heavy &
 small en\gh1 )\t fur!r c>e1 to fall    
directly d[n into ! ,gr\nd3 & s to gr[ 9
 ! same place :]e !mselves _h _! ,bir?4 
#fi ,p4 #c4 ,*4 #e4 ,tab4 #gj1  #ga4    
#d4 4 ,b if !y are s l>ge & light1 z to 
be expos$ to ! w9d1 !y are (t5 furni%$ )
 "o or m ,hooks2 ,to /ay !m f /ray+ ov] 
f> f _! prop] place1 till by ! fall (   
,leavs or o!rwise1 !y are safely lodg$4 
,s ! ,se$s ( ,av5s h "o s+le ,hook1 ^? (
 ,agrimony & ,goose-grass1 _m2  ,tab4   
#gb4  bo? ! =m]1 lov+ a ,bank = w>m?1 ! 
latt]1 a ,h$ge = its support4  #e4 4 ,on

 ! contr>y1 _m ,se$s are furni%$ ) ,w+s 
or ,fea!rs4 ,p>tly1 ) ! help ( ! ,w9d to
 c>ry !m1 :5 !y are ripe1 f (f ! ,plant1
 z ^? ( ,a%1 ,maple1 ,ora*1 c4 le/ /ay+ 
!reon too long1 !y %\ld ei!r be         
corrupt$1 or miss _! season4 ,& p>tly1  
to enable !m to make _! flight1 m or    
less1 abroad3 t s !y may n1 by fall+    
toge!r1 come up too ?ick2 & t if "o %\ld
 miss a good ,soyl or ,b$1 ano!r may    
hit4 ,s ! ,k]nels ( ,p9e h w+s n unlike 
to ^? ( "s ,insects2 yet v %ort1 9      
respect ( ! weight ( ! ,se$2  ,tab4 #gb4
  :]eby !y flye n 9 ! ,a]1 b l dome/ick 
,f[ls1 only flutt] ^u ! ,gr\nd4 ,b ^? ( 
,typha1 ,d&elion & mo/ ( ! ,papp\s k9d1 
) _m m1 h v long & num]\s ,fea!rs1 by   
:i* !y are waft$ e way1 & to any di/ance
 necess>y = ! a=esaid purposes4  #f4 4  
,aga91 !re are "s ,se$s1 :i* are scatt]$
 n by fly+ abroad1 b by be+ ei!r        
,spurt$1 or ,slung away4 ,! fir/ are ^? 
( ,woodsorrel2 :i* hav+ a runn+ ,root1  
,nature sees x fit to s[ ! ,se$s at "s  
di/ance4 ,! do+ ( :i* is effect$ by a   

:ite ?ick & /urdy ,cov] ( a ,t5d9\s or  
,spr+y ,nature1 9 :i* ! ,se$ lies )9 !  
,case4  ,tab4 #gb4  ,?is ,cov]1 s soon z
 x beg9s to drye1 bur/s op5 on "o side1 
9 an in/ant1 & is viol5tly turn$ inside 
outw>d1 z y w\ld turn ! ,giz>d ( a ,f[l2
 & s sm>tly ?r[s (f ! ,se$4  #g4 4 ,!   
,se$s ( ,h>ts-tongue1 & ( all t ,tribe1 
are ,slung or ,%ot away4 ,! do+ ( :i* is
 p]=m$ by ! curi\s contrivance ( !      
,se$-,case2 z 9 ,codd$ ,arsm>t1 & "s o!r
 l ,plants4 ,only !re1 ! ,spr+ moves &  
curles up inw>d2 b "h x moves outw>d4 ,i
 %all describe x1 z well z ! ,wea!r 7:i*
 :5 ,i obs]v$ x 0 cl\dy7 w\ld p]mit4 ,e 
,se$-,case1 z x appe>s ?r\gh a good     
,glass1  ,tab4 #gb4  /&s ^u a ,p$icle f 
an ,in* to an ,in* or m 9 ,l5g?2 at !   
bottom ab\t z ?ick aga9 z a ,horse-hair1
 & a little ?ick] at ! ,top1 on :i* /&s 
! ,case1 ( a ,silv] ,col\r2 ab\t !      
bigness ( a ,*]ry-,/one1 ( a ,sph]ick   
,figure1 & gird$ ab\t ) a /urdy ,t5don  
or ,spr+1 ( ! ,col\r ( ,gold3 ! :ole    
,ma*9e look+ n mu* unlike a little      

,padlock4 ,! ,surface ( ! ,spr+         
resembles a f9e ,screw1 or "s ( !       
,a]-,vessels 9 ! ,wood ( a ,plant4 ,s   
soon z by ! ,innate ,a] ( ! ,plant1 or  
o!rwise1 ?is ,spr+ is become />k en\gh1 
x sudd5ly breaks ! ,case into two halfs1
 l two little ,cups1 & s sl+s ! ,se$4   
#h4 4 ,^! ,cases gr[ 9 oblique ,furr[s  
or ,tr5*es on ! back side ! ,leaf1 f  ( 
an ,in* to an ,in* 9 ,l5g?1 & ab\t  ( an
 ,in* broad4  ,tab4 #gb4  ,9 "o ( ^!    
,tr5*es an ,in* long are m ?an #cjj ( ! 
,cases above describ$2 & all[+ b #aj    
,se$s to e ,case1 above #cjjj ,se$s4    
,:i* be+ multipli$ by ! numb] ( ,furr[s 
9 "o ,leaf1 ) all[ance = ! less]        
,furr[s2 & t summ by ! numb] ( ,leaves  
commonly gr[+ ^u "o ,root1 comes to     
above ,t5 ,hundr$ ,?\s& ,se$s1 ! annual 
product ( ?is ,plant4 ,! ,se$ is ( a    
,tawny ,col\r1 ?r\gh a good ,glass ab\t 
#a_/ab ( an ,in* long1 flat1 & some:at  
oval4 ,( ^!1 t5 ,?\s& are n s big z a   
:ite ,pepp] ,corn4                      
,,*ap4 ,,iii4          ,( ! sev]al      

,,cov]s ( ,se$s1 & ( ! ,,vitellum4   ,,!
 next /ep ( ,natures ,manag]y1 relates  
*iefly to ! ,gr[? ( ! ,se$ :5 x is s['n4
 ,= :i* purpose1 ! out] ,cov]s are      
some:]e furni%$ ) ,ap]tures suffici5t = 
! reception ( ,alim5tal ,moy/ure f !    
,gr\nd2 & ,divisions1 = ! %oot+ =? ( !  
"y ,root into x4 ,z 9 ! ,se$ ( a ,g\rd1 
at ! ,bottom2 9 a ,bean1 on ! ,side2 & 9
 a ,*e/nut1 at ! ,top3  ,tab4 #gb4  9   
:i* places ! ,radicle or "y ,root always
 lies & puts =?1 9 ! said sev]al ,se$s4 
,& ! ,se$ ( ,palma ,*ri/i2  ,tab4 #gb4  
:i* falls to ! ,gr\nd n only 9 ! usual  
,cov]s1 b also 9 ! ,se$-,case1 = ! m    
pl5tiful admission ( ,alim5t1 ha? a     
d\ble ,ap]ture4 ,n mu* unlike to ?is1 is
 t f\nd sometimes 9 l>g] p>cels (       
,euphorbium2 = :i* ,cause1 ,i suspect x 
to be ! ,gumm ( a ,plant ( ! ,ti?ymal   
k9d4  #b4 4 ,if ! ,cov] ( ! ,se$ be /ony
 & v h>d1 x is also di/+ui%$ into sev]al
 ,pieces2 :]eby !y easily cleave asund] 
)\t mu* resi/ance to ! eruption ( !     
,root4 ,s ! ,%ell ( a ,hazel-nut easily 

cleavs on ! edg2 & ! cleft beg9s be/ at 
! poynt1 :]e ! ,root /&s & %oots =?4    
,tab4 #ge4  ,! ,%ell ( "s ,walnuts      
cleavs into ?ree ,p>ts2 & ! ,/one ( !   
,bell]ick ,myrobalan into five3 t s1 be+
 v ?ick & h>d1 if "o piece %\ld n yield1
 ano!r may n fail to d x4 ,& ! ,cov]s or
 ,husks ( "s sorts ( ,gra91 z ( ,millet1
 are only fold$ or lap$ "o ov] ano!r1 ! 
bett] to give way to _! t5d] ,spr\ts4   
#c4 4 ,besides ! ,k]nels ( ,plums & "s  
o!r ,fruits1 !re are v _m ,se$s1 ev5 ( !
 small] sort1 :i* h also /ony ,cov]s2 z 
( ,c>?amum1 ,myagrum monosp]mon1 ,beet1 
,borage1 ,li?osp]me1 ,am>an?us1 ,violet1
 c4 ,sometimes1 = ! reception ( ! h>%] &
 less matur$ ,pr9ciples f ! ,se$1 9 its 
,g5]ation1 z 9 ,borage4 ,commonly1 to   
keep x w>m] be=e & aft] its s['n4 ,= :i*
 purpose1 ! out] ,cov]s ( "s ,se$s1 are 
z x 7 ,l9$ ) ,fur3 9 t ( ,great ,maple1 
,%ort2 ( ,gossipium1 ,long4 ,& if ! ,se$
 requires a long] /ay "u gr\nd1 !       
h>dness ( ! ,cov] s]ves to /9t !        
,alim5t2 le/ too mu*1 %\ld ei!r rot x1  

or cause x to g]m9ate1 be=e its prop]   
season1 or full "t = a m ,mascul9e      
,gr[?4  #d4 4 ,on ! contr>y1 _m ,se$s1 z
 ^? ( ,cl>y1 ,g>d5-,cress1 & o!rs ( t   
,tribe1 h _! upp] ,cov]s fac$ ) a       
,mucilage3 :i* be+ easily receptive (   
any ,moy/ure 9 ! ,gr\nd1 gradually      
swells1 till x lies l a ,gelly r\nd ab\t
 ! ,se$4 ,ei!r = a m pl5tiful supply (  
,alim5t2 or at lea/1 to s(t5 ! ,cov]s1 !
 bett] to accel]ate ! ,gr[? ( ! ,se$4   
#e4 4 ,! process ( ,nature 9 ! sev]al   
/eps ( ! ,vegetation ( ! ,se$1 ha? =m]ly
 be5 expla9$4#gj       #gj ,b4 #a4 ,*4  
#a4   #f4 4 ,,! ,,cov]s ( all1 or at    
lea/ ! f> great] numb] ( ,se$s1 are     
,?ree2 "s way or o!r d]iv$ f ! ,pi?3 z  
%all h]eaft] be se54 ,& sometimes1 ,f\r3
 ev5 ^? ( /on'd ,fruits1 h ,?ree1       
besides ! ,/one4 ,9 t ( ,gossipium1 !re 
are ,two ,coats "u t l9$ ) ! ,cotton4 ,!
 ,se$s ( ,cucum]1 ,goats-be>d1 ,broom1  
,scabi\s1 ,lettice1 c4 al?\gh s small1 h
 pla9ly ,?ree ,coats4  ,tab4 #ge4  ,b 9 
"s ( ^!1 & _m m1 !re are only ,two      

di/9ctly visible1 except 9 ! ,/ate (    
,g5]ation4  #g4 4 ,9 ! ,upp] ,coat1 !   
,se$-,vessels are dissem9at$4 ,!        
,second1 is fir/ a me] ,pulp2 b aft]w>ds
 %r9ks up & /icks close to ! upp]4 ,!   
,?ird or ,inmo/ is m d5se2 & if x be ?91
 = ! mo/ "p1 transp>5t2 :]eby ! ,se$    
seems sometimes to be nak$ :ile x lies  
!re92 z 9 ,almonds1 ,cucum]s1 & ! l4    
,tab4 #gf4  ,= ?is /icks n to ! midle   
,coat1 z t do? to ! out]2 b commonly1   
rema9s entire1 aft] ^? are /ripp'd (f1  
be+ z x 71 ! ,smock ( ! ,se$4  #h4 4 ,9 
,melissa & "s o!r small ,se$s1 x comes  
f9ely (f ^u soak+ 9 w>m ,wat] or on !   
,tongue4 ,9 ,f5ugreek1 'tis s(t1 & ( an 
,amb]-,col\r2 & be+ moy/5$1 looks almo/ 
l f9e ,glew4 ,b commonly1 'tis a pretty 
t\gh ,membrane1 & (t5 ) "s ?ickness1 z 9
 ,plums1 ,borage1 ,scabi\s4 ,yet always 
extream ?9 at ! ,tip ( ! ,radicle2 ! m  
easily to break & yield to x1 z !       
,secund9e to ! ,ftus1 :5 x fir/ %oots   
into ! ,gr\nd4 ,& sometimes1 z 9 ! ,se$s
 ( an ,orange1 x ha? at "o end1 !       

resemblance ( a ,plac5ta4  ,tab4 #ge4   
,b ( ?is1 & ! two upp] ,coats1 ,i %all  
give a fur!r ,description 9 ! la/       
,*apt]4   #i4 4 ,,z ,,all ,se$s are ex  
,ovo2 s !re are _m ) ?9 ,cov]s1 z (     
,ora*1 ,sp9age1 ,beet1 & ! re/ ( t      
,tribe1 c4 :i* besides ! ,album5 or cle>
 ,liquor out ( :i* !y are br$2 h also1 a
 ,vitellum1 or a ,body !reunto          
,analog\s3 be+ nei!r "p ( ! ,se$1 nor "p
 ( ! ,cov]s1 b di/9ct f !m bo?4 ,)      
respect to ! ,bulk ( ! ,se$1 v l>ge1 z  
:ite z ,/>*1 & pretty friable1 l good   
,rice or ,b>ley3  ,tab4 #ge4  ( a r\ndi%
 ,figure1 & groov$ on ! ,gir?1 s z to h 
a d\ble ,edge2 ,:]eby ! ,se$1 :i* is    
long & sl5d]1 lies r\nd x1 z a ,sack (  
,corn ^u a ,pack-,saddle or a ,rope ^u a
 ,pully-:eel4 ,^u my fir/ notice h]e(1 x
 seem$ to answ] to a ,plac5ta4 ,b ^u    
fur!r consid]ation1 ! ,analogy do? n    
hold betwixt !m4 ,= ! ,plac5ta lies )\t 
! ,membranes 9 :i* ! ,ftus is conte9$3  
:]eas ?is body lies )9 ! ,cov]s         
contigu\s to ! ,se$1 & s becomes its    

fir/ & f9e/ ,alim5t1 z ! ,yelk do? to ! 
,*ick4 ,= :i* purpose1 z 9 ! ,g5]ation (
 ! ,se$1 x is a pure ,milky ,*yle2 ,s 9 
its ,vegetation1 x is conv]t$ into ! l  
aga94  #aj4 4 ,! same ,body = ,su/5ance 
is obs]vable 9 ! ,se$s ( ,rhapontick1   
,dock1 ,sorrel1 & ! re/ ( t k9dr$1 ) ?is
 diff]5ce2  ,tab4 #ge4  ,t :]eas 9      
,ora*1 c4 ! ,se$ only lies ^u x2 "h1 !  
ma9 ,body or ,lobes ( ! ,se$ are imm]s$ 
!re91 ! ,radicle /&+ nak$ or above x4 ,s
 t ! said ,lobes1 & !re9 ! ,sem9al-,root
 are b$$ h]e91 z 9 a ,tub ( ,meal or a  
little pot ( pure ref9'd ,m\ld1 necess>y
 = ! fir/ ,vegetation ( ! ,radicle4     
#aa4 4 ,,by ,,^! midle ,/eps1 ,nature   
proce$s f ! ,?9] ,cov]s ( ,se$s2 or ^?1 
:i* aft] ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$ is f9i%$1 
%r9k up2 to ! ,bulky ,k9d1 or ^? :i*    
keep _! ,bulk aft] !y are dry4 ,:]e91 n 
only ! ,lobes1 z 9 ,dock1 b ! :ole ,se$ 
is imm$iately lodg$4 ,diff]5t 9         
,sub/ance1 ,%ape & ,bulk2 b always _m   
times big] ?an ! true ,se$ )9 x3 = :i* x
 is commonly mi/ak52 b is no m ! ,se$1  

?an is ! ,/one ( a ,plum1 ! ,k]nel4     
#ab4 4 ,9 ! ,b>bado ,nut1 'tis ,:ite1   
,s(t1 ,conick-oval1 & tak+ all its      
,dim5sions1 #h or #aj times bigg] ?an ! 
,se$ )9 x4 ,9 ,a%5 ,keys1 'tis ( a sad  
,col\r1 h>d1 yet some:at ,oyly1 ,oval & 
flat1 & ( ! same ,bigness z 9 ! ,b>bado 
,nut1 ) respect to ! ,se$4  ,tab4 #gf4  
,9 ! ,fruit commonly call$ ,nux ,vomica 
,(fic9>um1 'tis ( ! ,col\r & ,h>dness ( 
a ,c[s-,horne2 & makes almo/ ! :ole     
,body ( ! ,fruit1 be+ ab\t #ad or #ae   
times ! ,bulk ( ! ,se$4  ,tab4 #gg4  ,9 
,goosgrass or ,cliv] 'tis ( ! l ,horny  
,sub/ance1 b %ap$ some:at l a ,bonet ) !
 ,rimm tuckt 94 ,& s 9 a ,c(fee-,b]ry2 b
 r[l$ or f\ld$ up into a k9d ( ,oval    
,figure1 ) a ,not* or ,rima ?r\gh !     
,l5g?1 :]e ! two ,ends meet4 ,) o!r     
div]sities :i* w be/ be und]/ood1 :5 ,i 
come pres5tly to ! ,description ( ! ,se$
 h]e9 conta9$4  #ac4 4 ,) respect to !  
use ( ?is ,cov]1 x is obs]vable1 t :]e  
!re is a ,/one or ,%ell ov] x1 z 9 !    
,b>bado ,nut1 x is s(t2 b :]e !re is    

none1 z 9 ,nux ,vomica1 ,a%1 c4 'tis    
h>d2 & s x self in/ead ( a ,/one4 ,z    
also1 ,t x becomes h>d1 only by ! prop] 
,nature ( its ,p>5*yma1 & ! exquisite   
smallness ( ! ,bladd]s ( :i* x consi/s4 
,:]eas a ,/one1 is also h>d5$ by ! ,lees
 or ,t>t> ( ! ,sap :i* s9ks into x1 &   
!reby petrifies x#ga z ha? be5 said4 ,s 
t :]eas a ,/one1 z x lies 9 ! ,gr\nd1   
only cleavs 9 c]ta9 ,places1 b cont9ues 
h>d3 ,?is ,cov]1 l "s ,horns1 ^u ! due  
accession ( ,moi/ure1 do? gradually     
become s(t4 ,:]eby1 z :ile x is h>d1 x  
p]=ms ! ,(fice ( a ,/one1 9 gu>d+ ! ,se$
 til ! prop] ,season = its ,gr[?3 ,s    
aft]w>ds :5 x is s(t1 x answ]s1 z 9     
,ora* or ,dock1#gb to a ,vitellum1 f    
:5ce ! ,se$ receive? its fir/ & pure/   
,alim5t4       #ga ,p4 #c4 ,*4 #c4      
#gb ,*4 #c4 4 #h1 #i4                   
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                ,( !        
,,foetus or true ,,se$3 & fir/ ( !      
,,radicle & ,,lobes4   ,,hav+ disc\rs$ (
 ! ,cov]s1 ,i come next to ! ,se$ or    
,ftus x self4 ,( ! ,%ape & ,po/ure :]e(1

 ,i %all give "s ,examples1 fir/1 among 
^? ) ! ?9n] sort ( ,cov]s2 & !n1 ( ^? ) 
! ,bulky "o3 :]e ,i %all speak only ( ! 
,lobes1 or ,ma9 ,body1 & ! ,radicle4    
,next1 ,i %all describe ! sev]al sorts (
 ,nodes or ,buds ( ,se$s4 ,& la/ly1 !   
sev]al ,p>ts1 ( :i* ! ,lobes1 ,radicle1 
& ,buds are comp\nd$4  #b4 4 ,among     
,se$s ) ! ,?9n] ,cov]s1 are ^? ( all    
sorts ( ,corn & ,grass4 ,( a diff]5t    
make1 f t ( mo/ o!r ,se$s3 ,! ,ma9 ,body
 be+ n divid$ into ,lobes1 b "o entire  
,piece1 d\bl$ 9 ! =m ( a ,pair ( ,lips4 
,& :]eas commonly1 ! :ole ,se$ is v ,s(t
 & ,oyly2 "h1 only ^? two m9ute ,p>ts1  
:i* become ! ,root & ,/alk1 are s3 ,!   
,ma9 ,body be+ ( a diff]5t ,sub/ance2 :5
 ! ,corn is ripe1 h>d & friable2 b :5 x 
is s[n1 easily colliquable into a k9d ( 
,milk or ,*yle1 s t1 9 "s respects1 x   
ha? a ne> ,analogy to a ,vitellum4 ,= z 
t is gradually melt$ into a sort (      
,*yle1 & by ! ,bran*es ( ! ,ductus      
,inte/9alis c>ry$ into ! ,b[els ( !     
,*ick3 ,s is ?is1 into a l ,sub/ance1 & 

by ! ,bran*es ( ! ,sem9al ,root 7=m]ly  
describ'd7 convey$ to ^? ,p>ts1 :i*     
become ! future ,plant4  ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #a4
   #c4 4 ,( ,relation to ?is ,k9d1 !    
,se$s ( ,dates1 & ( "s o!r l ,plants1   
may be e/eem'd4 ,= t :i* is commonly    
call$ ! ,/one1 seems inde$ to be ! ,ma9 
,body ( ! ,se$1 d\bl$ or fold$ up 9 !   
same mann] z 9 ,corn4 ,to :i* t ,"p :i* 
becomes ! ,plant1 is annex$4  ,tab4 #ge4
  ,b :]eas 9 ,corn1 'tis plac$ at !     
,bottom ( ! ,ma9 ,body2 "h x lies 9 a   
small r\nd ,cavity 9 ! middle ( ! ,back4
 ,! ,/one1 or ,ma9 ,body1 :]e ?is ,"p   
gr[s to x1 is n s h>d1 z m remote f x3 &
 is !re=e probably 9 "s "p dissolv$1 by 
ly+ 9 ! ,gr\nd1 z 9 ,corn4  #d4 4 ,b = !
 mo/ "p1 ! ,ma9 ,body is divid$1 z ha?  
be5 said1 into two ,lobes2 & ^? 9       
,sub/ance ,homog5e\s to ! o!r ,"p or    
,p>ts1 pla9ly di/+ui%$ 9 mo/ ,k]nels &  
o!r l>ge ,se$s2  ,tab4 #ge4  & n        
difficultly 9 _m less] ones1 z 9 t (    
,viola ,lun>is1 ,scabi\s1 ,doves-,foot1 
c4 if slipp$ out ( _! ,cov]s be=e !y are

 full ripe4  #e4 4 ,9 ,h\nds-,tongue1 !y
 are ( a circul> figure1 & v l>ge 9     
,proportion to ! ,radicle4 ,9 ,cucum]1  
oblong1 ) "s visible ,bran*es ( !       
,sem9al ,root2 & ! ,radicle some:at     
bigg]4  ,tab4 #ge4  ,b 9 ,scorzon]a1 v  
long1 l ! ,leggs ( a ,pair ( ,compasses3
 & ! two fir/1 or dissimil> ,leavs ( !  
,plant into :i* !y are conv]t$1 are ( ! 
same ,%ape4 ,( ^! & _m m1 ! ,radicle is 
%ort & po9t$2 & lies 9 "o /raight ,l9e )
 ! ,lobes4  #f4 4 ,9 ,viola ,lun>ia1 !y 
are v l>ge2 & ! ,bran*es ( ! ,sem9al    
,root1 fairly app>5t1 s z to resemble a 
,pair ( ,leavs4 ,! ,radicle pretty long1
 equally ?ick f end to end1 & c\*$ d[n  
^u ! two ,lobes1  ,tab4 #ge4  ea* ( !m  
hav+ a little ,%\ld] = x to lie ^u4 ,9  
,woad1 :]e x ha? ! l ,po/ure & ,%ape1 z 
also 9 ,*aml9a1 ,eruca1 & _m o!rs1 x is 
v ,bulky1 be+ bigg] ?an bo? ! ,lobes put
 toge!r4  #g4 4 ,( ?is ,"p1 ,i ?9k x may
 be obs]v$1 ,t commonly ^? ,se$s1 :]e9 x
 is v small ) respect to ! ,lobes1      
produce a ,p]5nial ,plant3 ,& s1 vice   

v]sa1 :]e x is v l>ge1 an ,annual "o4 ,9
 ! latt]1 ! ,sem9al ,virtue be+ m       
vigor\s1 & s t5d+ m ha/ily to ! ,bus9ess
 ( ,g5]ation1 foll[$ ) ! ,dea? ( !      
,plant4   #h4 4 ,,9 ,,! =m] ,se$s1 !    
,lobes lie flat "o aga9/ ano!r4  ,tab4  
#ge4  ,b 9 ,g>d5-,radi%1 !y are fold$   
up1 s z to receive ! ,radicle into _!   
,bosome3 z :5 a ,*ick5 tucks 8 ,head "u 
8 ,w+4  #i4 4 ,9 ,holyoak1 ! ,lobes are 
plat$ upw>ds1 & re-plat$ d[n aga94      
,tab4 #ge4  ,be+ mo/ agreeably compos$  
to ! ,%ape ( ! ,cov]s1 z ^? are to _!   
,po/ure on ! ,plant4 ,9 ,maple1 !y are  
plat$ "o ov] ano!r1 & s r\l$ up4  #aj4 4
 ,9 ! ,cotton-,se$1 :i* consi/e? almo/  
:olly ( two v broad & ?9 ,lobes or      
,leaves1 ! ,folds are yet m num]\s2     
,tab4 #ge4  all curi\sly r$uc$ to an    
exact & solid ,oval4  #aa4 4 ,x happ5s  
n[ & !n1 t in/ead ( two1 !re are ?ree   
,lobes1 z 9 ! ,k]nels ( ,plums1 ,apples1
 & o!r ,fruits1 & ! small] sorts (      
,se$s1 w spr+ up sometimes ) m ?an two  
dissimil> ,leaves1 orig9ally ! ,lobes ( 

! ,se$4 ,^! are obs]v$ by "s1 m         
frequ5tly to produce a d\ble ,fl[]1 :i* 
may be1 because ! ,sem9al ,virtue 9 su* 
,se$s1 is increas$ by a ?ird ,"p4   #ab4
 4 ,,9 _m ,se$s1 ! ,radicle is ( "o & ! 
same ,col\r f end to end4 ,b 9 o!rs1 z 9
 ! ,lup9e1 x is obs]vable1 ,t ! upp] &  
great] half1 is ,:ite2 ! ,l[] to !      
,po9t1 ha? a k9d ( ,horny ,gloss1 &     
seems to be ( a some:at diff]5t make4   
,tab4 #ge4  ,:]eby x comes to pass1 t   
aft] ! ,radicle is %ot =? a little way1 
only ?is l[] half desc5ds & becomes !   
,root3 ,! upp] half is produc$ or rais$ 
above gr\nd1 z a ,pill> ^u :i* ! ,lobes1
 or dissimil> ,leaves are erect$4  #ac4 
4 ,?is ,se$1 on ! out side ( ea* ,lobe1 
& ne> ! ,radicle1 ha? a v small & r\nd  
,node1 l a ,navel2 :]e(1 9 ! fir/ ,book3
 ! :ole ,se$ look+ n mu* unlike a       
,pidgeons ,head2  ,*4 #g4  ! ,radicle   
resembl+ ! ,bill1 & ! ,navel ! ,eye4    
#ad4 4 ,,9 ! ,se$ ( ,g>d5-,ora*1  ,tab4 
#ge4  bo? ! ,radicle & ,lobes are v long
 & sl5d]1 & lie almo/ 9 a compleat      

,circle r\nd ab\t ! ,vitellum be=e      
describ'd4 ,! ,lobes ( ,rhapontick are  
%ap$ l ! ,bitt ( a ,spade2  ,*4 #c4  & !
 ,radicle /&s erect$ above !m l ! ,h&le4
   #ae4 4 ,,( ,,se$s also ) ! ,bulky    
,cov]1 !re are _m n divid$ into ,lobes2 
be+ 9 a mann]1 all "o ,piece2 z all ( ! 
,bulb\s-,k9d4 ,9 "s ( :i*1 ?\gh ! inmo/ 
,cov] be ?92 yet comp>$ ei!r ) ! o!r    
,cov]s1 or ) ! ,se$ x self1 x may v well
 be acc\nt$ ( ! ,bulky ,k9d4  #af4 4 ,9 
,flag1 x is above tw5ty times bigg] ?an 
! ,se$ )9 x4 ,consi/+ ( ,bladd]s all    
,radiat$ t[>ds ! ,seat ( ! ,se$4 ,! ,se$
 x self is %ap$ some:at l a ,p5knife4   
,tab4 #gf4  ,! l[] ,"p :i* becomes !    
,bulb1 z ! ,haft1 is ?ick1 & come? ne>  
to a ,cyl9drick ,figure1 & ! end1 r\nd4 
,! upp] ,"p :i* becomes ! fir/ ye>s     
,leaf1 z ! ,blade1 is r flat1 d\ble     
edg$1 & po9t$1 & ! ,po9t a little b5t4  
,! ,fib]s & ,bladd]s ( :i* x consi/s1   
are all dispos$ into ,p>allel ,l9es     
runn+ by ! l5g?4 ,9 ,lily1 :]e ?is ,cov]
 is ?9n] & m ,transp>5t1 )\t be+ cut1 b 

only held up aga9/ ! ,light1 ! ,se$ may 
be se5 )9 x4   #ag4 4 ,,b ,,! great]    
numb] ( ,se$s also ) ! ,bulky ,cov]1 are
 divid$ into two ,lobes2 :i*1 = ! mo/   
"p1 resemble a pair ( little ,leavs4 ,9 
! ,purg+ ,nut ( ,angola1 ! ,%ell be+    
tak5 (f1 ! upp] ,cov]s 7dry'd & %runk   
up7 seem to be b "o4  ,tab4 #gf4  ,9 ^!1
 ! ,sp]matick ,vessels are ,bran*$4 ,"u 
^!1 lies ! ,?ick & ,inmo/ ,cov]2 :i* be+
 cut d[n ! middle1 exhibits ! true ,se$3
 ,consi/+ ( a c\ple ( fair ,leavs1      
,ve9$1 & z :ite z ,milk1 joyn$ toge!r ) 
! ,radicle at _! ,base2 & let into a    
,holl[1 made 9 ! ,cov]1 ( an answ]able  
%ape4 ,! l is obs]vable 9 !             
,b>bado-,nut1 ,ric9us ,am]icanus1 & "s  
o!r ,indian ,fruits2 ) "s little        
diff]5ce 9 ! ,%ape ( ! ,root & ,leavs4  
#ah4 4 ,,9 ! =ego+ ,fruits1 ! ,bulky    
,cov] is v s(t4 ,b 9 ! ,nux ,vomica     
,(fic9>um1 'tis ne> z h>d z a           
,date-,/one4  ,tab4 #gf4  ,9 ?is1       
besides ! holl[ made = ! reception ( !  
,se$1 or ! two ,leavs & ,root2 ! ,sides 

are sep>at$ or di/9ct almo/ to ! ,edge (
 ! ,cov] r\nd ab\t1 especially t[>ds !  
,root3 ,s t x may n unaptly be comp>$ to
 a little ,p\* ) ! ,sides clapt toge!r4 
#ai4 4 ,,9 ?is & ! ,nuts above m5tion$1!
 ,se$s are all v l>ge4 ,b 9 "s o!r      
,plants1 !y are extream small1 s z to be
 h>dly visible )\t a ,glass2  ,tab4 #gg4
  z 9 ,/aphisagria1 ,peony1 c4 ,9       
,/aphisagria1 ! ,?ick or ,inmo/ ,cov]1  
is commonly a ,sph]ical ,triangle1      
conick t[>ds ! ,base4 ,at ! poynt ( :i*1
 !re is a little ,cavity1 9 :i* ! ,se$1 
ab\t z big z a small p9s head1 is lodg$4
 ,! ,root :]e( is a little poynt$1 & !  
two ,lobes r\nd$ at ! ,top4  #bj4 4 ,9  
,peony1 ! same ,cov] is ,s(t1 ,:ite1 & (
 an ,oval ,figure2  ,tab4 #gg4  ! "p us$
 9 ,m$ic9e4 ,usually ?\ght to be ! ,se$ 
x self4 ,b is ne> two hundr$ times big] 
?an ! true ,se$1 :i* is almo/ invisible4
 ,x lies 9 a little ,cavity ne> ! bottom
 ( ! ,cov]2 ) a ?ick & blunt ,root1 &   
two poynt$ ,lobes or ,leavs4   #ba4 4   
,,9 ! ,c(fee-,b]ry1 ! ,se$ lies 9 !     

,inn] or ,c>tilag9\s ,cov] 7=m]ly       
describ$7  ,*4 #c4  :]e "o w\ld n expect
 to f9d x1 sc4 ne> ! ,top or ,surface ( 
! ,back4  ,tab4 #gg4  ,! ,lobes ( ! ,se$
 are ve9$ l two v m9ute ,leaves1 & joyn$
 to a long ,root l a ,/alk4 ,! end ( :i*
 comes j to ! bottom ( ! ,cov]1 ready = 
its exit into ! ,gr\nd4  #bb4 4 ,9      
,goosgrass1 :]e ! ,inn] ,cov] is also   
,c>tilag9\s or ,horney1  ,tab4 #gg4  !  
,se$ is po/ur$ 9 mu* a l mann]1 & looks 
j l a c\ple ( poynt$ ,leavs ) a v long  
,/alk4   #bc4 4 ,,! ,se$ ( ,/ramonium1  
is also inclos$ 9 a ,bulky ,cov]4 ,:i*  
be+ soak$ 9 w>m wat]1 & v w>ily cut ab\t
 ! edges1 ) a ,rasor1 ! ,se$ may be tak5
 out ( x entire4  ,tab4 #gg4  ,%ap$ l t 
( ,ora*1 b mu* long]4 ,= ! ,reception   
:]e(1 ! ,cov] is =m$ ) a holl[1 :i* runs
 r\nd ab\t x ne> ! ,edge2 :]e 9 ! ,se$  
lies l a little w9d+ ,snake4            
,,*ap4 ,v4                ,( ! ,,buds ( 
,se$s4 ,& ( ! ,,p>ts1 (         :i* ^!1 
! ,radicle1 & ,lobes are comp\nd$4   ,,f
 betwe5 ! two ,lobes1 rises up ! ,/alk (

 ! ,plant4 ,! orig9al :]e(1 ei!r to !   
nak$ ,eye1 or by a good ,glass1 is      
always visible 9 ! ,se$4  #b4 4 ,9 _m   
,plants1 ,nature sees fit only to lay ! 
f\ndation h]e( 9 a small r\nd ,node2 :]e
 ^u ! ,leavs1 9 ! ,vegetation ( ! ,se$1 
are sup]/ruct$3 z 9 ,viola ,lun>ia1 &   
o!rs4  #c4 4 ,b 9 ! great] numb] (      
,se$s1 is =m$ a true ,bud1 consi/+ (    
p]fect ,leavs2 diff]5t f ^?1 :i* gr[ ^u 
! ,/alk1 only 9 ,bigness2 & s f> 9      
,%ape1 z ! same ,p>ts ( an ,animal      
,ftus1 9 its sev]al ages 9 ! ,womb4 ,9  
_m ,se$s1 z well small z great1 & z well
 ( ,h]bs z ,trees1 x is v app>5t4 ,b    
(t5times lye? s deep betwe5 ! ,lobes z  
to be almo/ undisc]nable1 z 9 ,maple4   
#d4 4 ,! ,leaves ( ! ,bud1 9 diff]5t    
,plants1 are ( a diff]5t ,numb]2 9 "s1  
,two2 9 o!rs1 ,f\r1 ,six1 & sometimes m4
 ,9 ! ,bay-,b]ry1 !y are only two2 v    
small1 b ?ick or fat1 & f9ely ve9$4 ,9 !
 ,se$ ( ,c>duus ,b5$ictus1  ,tab4 #gh4  
!y are also ,two2 almo/ invisible2 broad
 at ! ,bottom1 poynt$ at ! ,top1 ?ick or

 fat1 yet plat$ inw>d1 & po/ur$ a little
 di/ant "o f ! o!r2 = ! two next to rise
 up betwe5 !m4 ,! l may be se5 9        
,c>?amum2 & s1 ,i suppose1 9 all !      
,c>duus ,k9d4  #e4 4 ,9 "s ,h]bs1 al?\gh
 ! ,bud consi/e? b ( two p]fect ,leaves1
 yet !y are v conspicu\s4  ,tab4 #gh4   
,n only 9 l>g] ,se$s1 z 9 ! ,phaseolus  
or ,fr5* ,bean2 b 9 ^? :i* are small1 z 
9 ! ,se$ ( ,hemp4 ,9 ?is1 ! two ,leaves 
are bo? plat$1 & s set ,edge to ,edge1 )
 mutual ,undulations4 ,( t ,l5g?1 z to  
be ext5d$ beyond a ?ird "p ( ! ,lobes4  
#f4 4 ,9 ! ,se$ ( ,s5a1 ! ,bud consi/e? 
( ,f\r ,leaves2  ,tab4 #gh4  ( :i*1 !   
great] pair is ! out]1 & gu>ds ! less4  
,%ap$ n mu* unlike ^? 9 ! ,se$ (        
,c>duus2 b are a little m visible4  #g4 
4 ,9 ! ,bud ( an ,almond1 we may easily 
c\nt six1 or eight ,leaves1 & sometimes 
m2 ! ,in]mo/ be+ laid b>e by a dext]\s  
,sep>ation ( ! ,out]4  ,tab4 #gh4  ,^!  
are by mu* ! greate/1 d\bl$ ,inw>d1 & s 
lap$ "o ov] ano!r2 :]eby !y embosome all
 ! re/1 z a ,h5 spreads h] ,w+s ov] h]  

,*ick5s4 ,! l is obs]vable 9 _m o!r l>ge
 ,k]nels1 z also 9 ! ,g>d5 ,bean1 & "s  
o!r ,plants4 ,) respect to :i*1 ,i h    
tak5 leave#gc to call ?is ,"p ! ,plume4 
#gc ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #a4   #h4 4 ,,! ,,lobes 
( ! ,se$1 & s likewise ! ,radicle & ,bud
 consi/ ( a ,sk91 ,p>5*yma1 & ,bran*$   
,vessels3 all :i* ,i h =m]ly            
describ$4#gd ,i %all n[ add ! foll[+    
,rem>ques4       #gd ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #a4    
,tab4 #gi4  #i4 4 ,& fir/ ( ! ,sk91 :i* 
9 "s ,se$s1 z ! ,fr5*-,bean may easily  
be sep>at$ f ! ,p>5*yma3 especially if !
 ,bean be soak$ 9 wat] = "s days2 = !n x
 w slip (f1 l ! ,sk9 9 any "p ( ones    
,body :]e x is bli/]$4 ',tis wov5 into  
,bladd]s1 z ! ,p>5*yma2 b into small]   
ones1 & ^u ! ,lobes ( a ,g>d5 ,bean1 all
 radiat$ t[>ds ! ,c5t]4 ,) ^! ,bladd]s1 
!re are also mix$ a sort ( ,lign\s      
,fibres1 incomp>ably small1 :i* give a  
,t\ghness to ! ,sk91 & by :i* ! ,bladd]s
 are direct$ into ,rays4  #aj4 4 ,!     
,bladd]s ( ! ,p>5*yma1 z is said1 are   
mu* l>g] ?an ^? ( ! ,sk91 especially 9 !

 ,lobes4 ,9 ^? ( a ,g>d5 ,bean1 some:at 
oval1 ab\t  ( an ,in* ,diametre by _!   
,br$?1  ,tab4 #gi4  & direct$ t[>ds !   
,bran*es ( ! ,sem9al ,root4 ,9 !        
,radicle1 !y are tw5ty times small]1 ?an
 9 ! ,lobes3 & s 9 ! ,plume4  #aa4 4    
,?r\gh\t ! ,p>5*yma run ! ,bran*$       
,vessels1  ,tab4 #gi4  :i* 9 ! ,lobes   
make ! ,sem9al ,root2 9 ! ,radicle &    
,plume1 ! ,wood ( ! ,root & ,/alk4 ,9   
all ( !m1 di/ribut$ z ha? be5#ge =m]ly  
%ew$4       #ge ,b4 #a4 ,*4 #a4  #ab4 4 
,i %all "h fur!r note1 ,t ! utmo/       
divisions are no :]e ext5d$ to !        
,circumf]5ce ( ! ,lobes1  ,tab4 #gi4  b 
are all inosculat$ toge!r at a          
consid]able di/ance f x1 z 9 ! ,leaves (
 "s ,plants4  #ac4 4 ,9 ! ,lobes !y all 
meet 9 "o solid ,n]ve4 ,b 9 ! ,radicle1 
are dilat$ into a holl[ ,trunk1 fill$ up
 ) a ,pi?2 compos$ ( ,bladd]s some:at   
bigg] ?an ^? :i* make1 z x 71 ! ,b>que (
 ! ,radicle4  ,tab4 #gi4  ,9 ! ,radicle 
( a ,fr5* ,bean1 ! ,pi? is v conspicu\s4
  #ad4 4 ,! ,vessels are ( two k9ds1 z 9

 ! o!r ,p>ts ( a ,plant2 = ,sap1 & =    
,a]4 ,n runn+ collat]al1 z ,art]ies &   
,ve9s2 b ! latt] e :]e %ea!d 9 ! =m]4 ,f
 ! ,a]-,vessels x is1 t if a ,bean be   
/eep$ 9 wat]1 & !n ! ,radicle cut       
transv]sly & press$1 x w yield ,bubles z
 well z ,liquor4  ,tab4 #gi4  ,^!       
,vessels are admirably small1 yet ?r\gh 
a v good ,glass become visible4  #ae4 4 
,! ,liquor conte9$ 9 ! ,se$1 :5 full    
ripe is *iefly ,oyl2 g5]ally1 f\nd 9 a  
great] proportion "h1 ?an 9 any o!r "p (
 a ,plant4 ,be+ z ! ,pickle1 9 :i* !    
,sem9al ,virtues1 i4 e4 ! m volatile &  
active ,pr9ciples ( ! ,se$1 are imm]s$ =
 _! ,pres]vation3 & to curb !m f too    
great a ,luxuriance 9 ! ,vegetation ( ! 
,se$4                                   
,,*ap4 ,,vi4                      ,( !  
,,g5]ation ( ! ,,se$4  ,,z ,i made *oice
 ( a ,g>d5-,bean1 to %ew ! mann] ( !    
,vegetation ( ! ,se$3 s ,i %all take an 
,aprecock1 z v apt & conv5i5t1 to obs]ve
 & repres5t ! ,me?od :i* ,nature take? 9
 its ,g5]ation4  #b4 4 ,9 ord] to d ?is1

 ! fir/ ?+ t is to be done1 is to make a
 fit ,ut]us4 ,bo? to keep ! ,membranes (
 ! ,ftus w>m1 & succul5t1 till x be =m$3
 & to pres]ve & secure ! ,ftus x self   
aft]w>ds1 till x comes to be born into !
 ,gr\nd4  #c4 4 ,= ?is purpose1 ! ,pulp 
& ,/one ( ! ,fruit are bo? necess>y2 b  
prim>ily ! ,/one3 ! ,meat or ,pulp be+  
no o!rwise necess>y1 b because ! ,/one  
_c be made )\t x2 ! petrify+ ( t        
,p>5*yma :i* is ! ,gr\nd ( ! ,/one1 be+ 
effect$1 by ! s9k+ or ! ,t>t> f ! ,pulp 
!re9to4  #d4 4 ,& t1 at ! fir/1 ! ,gr\nd
 ( ! ,/one1 is a di/9ct1 b s(t ,p>5*yma2
 is evid5t 9 ! cut+ ( a "y ,aprecock4 ,(
 :i*1 also a slice cut (f1 ) a ,rasor1 &
 view$ ?r\gh a good ,glass1 %ewe? x to  
be compos$ ( ,bladd]s1 z ! ,pulp x self4
  ,tab4 #hb4  ,only1 :]eas _m ( ^? ( !  
,pulp are l>ge1 n[ ab\t z big z a :ite  
,pepp]-,corn3 ^! are no bigg] ?an a     
,mu/>d-,se$4 ,b z ! ,p>5*yma h>d5s into 
a ,/one1 ^! ,bladd]s are all gradually  
fill$ up1 & disappe>4  #e4 4 ,?is       
,p>5*yma is d]iv$ imm$iately f ! ,pi?1 z

 ! ,pulp is f ! ,b>que2 & makes ! f>    
great] "p ( ! ,/one4 ',tis cov]$ all ov]
 )91 ) a v ?9 ,l9+2 d]iv$1 n f ! ,pi? b 
! ,p>5*yma :i* cov]s ! ,se$-,bran*1 ^u  
its fir/ entrance )9 ! holl[ ( ! ,/one4 
,?is ,l9+ is ( a close sub/ance2 yet    
compos$ ( ,bladd]s1 exquisitely small & 
h>dly visible4 ,by :i* means1 x soon    
becomes a v h>d & dry ,body2  ,tab4 #hj4
  & is h]eby fitt$1 bo? to promote !    
induration ( ! re/ ( ! ,/one2 & !       
seasonable dry+1 & s1 ! %r9k+ up1 ( !   
,cov]s ( ! ,se$1 to make room = its     
,gr[?4  #f4 4 ,! ,/one be+ made h>d &   
dry2 x c\ld nev] be s suffici5tly s(tn$ 
by ly+ "u gr\nd1 b t1 x w\ld keep ! ,se$
 a p]petual prison]1 unless x 7 also    
made pretty easily to cleave 9 two4 ,=  
:i* purpose1 ! ,sk9 ( ! ,fruit do?      
obs]vably conduce4  ,tab4 #hj4  ,= 9 a  
,slice ( a "y ,aprecock cut transv]sly )
 a v %>p knife1 x may be se51 especially
 ) ! help ( a ,glass1 to be d\bl$ inw>d 
f ! two ,lips ( ! ,fruit1 & s to be     
cont9u$1 n only ?r\gh ! ,pulp1 b also   

?r\gh ! ,/one x self1 into ! holl[ ( !  
same1 :]e x meets1 & is unit$ ) ! ,l9+  
!re(4 ,:]eby1 z x fur!r helps to ! dry+ 
& h>dn+ ( ! ,/one2 s also r5d]s x       
cleavable 9 t "p1 :]e x runs ?r\gh x4 ,&
 !re=e1 :]eas t[>ds ! ,/alk1 x goes no  
f>!r ?an to ! ,se$-,bran*1 & s b half   
way ?r\gh ! ,/one3 t[>ds ! ,top ( !     
,fruit1 :]e ! ,radicle /&s1 & :]e !     
,/one beg9s to cleave1 x runs q ?r\gh x4
  #g4 4 ,nature hav+ ?us provid$ a      
conv5i5t ,ut]us1 ,%e next take? c>e ab\t
 ! ,membranes ( ! ,ftus4 ,^! are ,?ree  
app>5tly di/9ct1 & 9 _m respects diff]5t
 "o f ano!r4  #h4 4 ,! out] ,membrane is
 d]iv$ f ! ,p>5*yma :i* surr\nds !      
,se$-,bran*2 :i*1 ^u its entry into !   
holl[ ( ! ,/one1 is exp&$1 z x 71 into  
two ,bladd]s1 "o )9 ano!r2  ,tab4 #hj4  
:]e(1 "o becomes ! ,l9+ ( ! ,/one2 !    
o!r1 ?is out] ,membrane3 z is be/ se5 by
 cut+ a "y ,aprecock1 :5 x is ab\t half 
an ,in* long1 d[n ?r\gh ! midle1 or f ! 
,seat ( ! ,fl[] to ! ,/alk1 betwe5 ! two
 ,lips4  #i4 4 ,?is out] ,membrane1 at  

?is age1 ha? a good full & frim ,body1  
ab\t #a_/ab ( an ,in* ?ick1 or ?r\gh an 
ord9>y ,glass1 half an ,in*1 :]e x is   
?icke/1 z at ! ,sides & ! great] end3 ! 
,poynt be+ ?9n]1 = ! m easy eruption ( !
 ,radicle into ! ,e>?4  ,tab4 #hj4      
,compos$ ( ,bladd]s1 ?r\gh an ord9>y    
,glass1 ab\t z big1 z a ,colewort-,se$4 
#aj4 4 ,?r\gh\t ?is ,membrane1 !        
,vessels conte9$ 9 ! ,se$-,bran* are    
di/ribut$4 ,beg9n+ a little bel[ !      
small] end ( ! ,coat or ,membrane1 !y   
!nce fet* _! circuit bo? ways r\nd ab\t1
 j b5ea? ! ,surface ( ! ,membrane1 & at 
la/1 meet 9 ! midle ( ! great] end1 :]e 
!y are all inosculat$1 s z to make a k9d
 ( umbilical ,node4  ,tab4 #hj4  ,f :5ce
 !y /rike deep] into x1 & at la/1 into !
 midle ,membrane1 9 :i* !y pres5tly     
become invisible4 ,by ^! ,vessels1 !    
,sap is br\ght & spew$ into ! midle     
,membrane4 ,s t ! out] ,membrane seeme?1
 9 "s respects1 to be answ]able to !    
,plac5ta 9 ,animals4  #aa4 4 ,! midle   
,membrane1 is d]iv$ f ! bottome ( !     

,out]4 ,f :5ce especially1 b also r\nd  
ab\t1 ! ,bladd]s h]e( 7all angul>7 are m
 & m amplifi$ t[>ds ! ,c5tre2 mo/ ( !m  
be+ at lea/ two hundr$ times big]1 ?an  
^? ( ! ,out] ,membrane3  ,tab4 #hj4     
:]eby x looks1 ?r\gh a ,glass1 n unlike 
a ,coome full ( ,hony2 or 9 reg>d ( _!  
great transp>5cy1 l a company ( little  
,cry/al ,pans full ( a pure ,lympha4    
#ab4 4 ,?is ,midle ,membrane1 is prop]ly
 s call$1 f ! /ate & condition x ha?1 ^u
 ! ,augm5tation ( ! ,se$1 at :i* "t1 x  
obte9s ! nature ( an ,involucrum4 ,b    
orig9ally1 x is e :]e entire1 )\t any   
,holl[1 fill+ up ! ,cavity ( ! ,out]    
,membrane1 l a s(t & delicate ,pulp4    
,aft] a %ort "t1 !re appe>s 9 x a small 
,ductus or ,*anel2 :i* runs f ! bottom  
to ! top1 l an ,axis1 ?r\gh ! midle ( x4
  ,tab4 #ha4  ,at fir/1 no wid] ?an to  
receive ! ,hair ( a ,mans ,head2 n      
visible1 except 9 a slice h]e( cut      
transv]sly1 & view$ 9 a ,glass4 ,be+    
gr[n a little wid]1 x may be se51 if !  
,membrane be dext]\sly cut by ! l5g?4   

,at :i* "t1 x is also dilat$ into two   
,oval ,cavities1 "o at ea* end3 :i* are 
z two little ,ci/]ns1 :]e9to a mo/ pure 
,lympha cont9ually owze?1 & is !re9     
res]v$ = ! n\ri%m5t ( ! ,se$2 & ?r\gh ! 
,*anel :i* runs betwe5 ! ,ci/]ns is     
empti$ out ( "o ,ci/]n into ano!r1      
accord+ z ! ,se$ or ! ,inmo/ ,membrane  
ha? ne$ ( x2 i4 e4 z ! ,wea!r & o!r     
,circum/ances d m or less accel]ate _!  
,gr[?1 & s r5d] ! ,lympha useful to !m4 
#ac4 4 ,a few days aft] ?is1 ! ,inn]mo/ 
,membrane beg9s to appe>2 gr[+1 l a s(t 
,node or ,bud1 out ( ! upp] ,ci/]n2 to !
 l[] end ( :i* x is joyn$ by a %ort &   
t5d] ,/alk1  ,tab4 #ha4  f :5ce x is    
produc$ into a ,conick-oval ,figure1    
answ]able to t ( ! ,ci/]n4  #ad4 4 ,?is 
,membrane1 ?\gh s(t & full ( ,sap1 yet  
be+ comp>$ ) ! midlemo/1 is a close &   
compact ,body1 compos$ ( ,bladd]s above 
#cjj times small] ?an !y are 9 t4       
,:]eby1 z ! ,se$ is s well gu>d$1 z n to
 be supply$ ) any "p ( ! ,lympha1 b !   
pure/3 s nei!r ) any m ( ?is1 ?an w     

suffice1 )\t ! dang] ( mak+ an          
,inundation out ( s great a ,lake4  #ae4
 4 ,?is ,membrane1 if x be pull$ ) a mo/
 /eady h&1 & v g5tly1 upw>ds1 x w draw a
 small transp>5t ,/r+ aft] x to ! bottom
 ( ! ,midle ,membrane3 ,! said ,/r+ ?\gh
 = ! great] "p1 ,p>5*ym\s1 yet be+      
/r5g!n$ ) ! admixture ( "s ,lign\s      
,fibres2 n o!rwise visible 9 ei!r ( ^!  
two ,membranes4 ,s t !y seem1 to be a   
small portion ( ^? :i* are inosculat$ at
 ! bottome ( ! ,out] ,membrane1 & !nce  
produc$ ?r\gh ! midlemo/1 und]nea? !    
,*anel1 till at la/ !y break =? into !  
upp] ,ci/]n1 :]e !y =m ?is inn]         
,membrane3 a piece ( close-wr\ght ,"w1  
suitable to ! incomp>able f95ess ( all !
 ,/uff out ( :i* x is made4  #af4 4 ,!  
same ,membrane is orig9ally entire1 z ! 
,midlemo/3 b be+ gr[n to ab\t ! bigness 
( a ,c>vi-,se$1 becomes a little holl[  
ne> ! ,cone4 ,& ! ,lign\s ,fib]s        
abovesaid1  ,tab4 #ha4  fet*+ _! compass
 f ! ,base1 %oot =? into ! ,cone2 & s   
make a v small ,node !re91 = ! fir/     

,essay t[>ds ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,se$4 ,!   
said ,fib]s be+ ?us spun out1 to ! utmo/
 degree ( f95ess = ?is purpose4  #ag4 4 
,?is ,node1 be+ gr[n ab\t  "p z big z a 
,*eese-,mite2 x beg9s next to be divid$ 
by a little ind5ture at ! ,top4  ,tab4  
#ha4  ,:i* gr[+ by degrees /ill deep]1 !
 ,node is h]eby at l5g? di/+ui%$ into   
two ,lobes or ?ick ,leavs4  #ah4 4 ,s   
soon z ^! are f9i%$1 _! ,basis beg9s    
aft]w>ds to be contract$1  ,tab4 #ha4  &
 s to be =m$ into a ,radicle or t "p ( !
 ,se$ :i* becomes ! ,root4 ,z ! ,/alks (
 ,fruits d gr[ less]1 :ile ! ,fruits    
!mselves are exp&$4 ,s t 9 ?is e/ate1 ! 
,radicle is1 z x 71 ! ,/alk ( ! ,se$4   
#ai4 4 ,at ?is "t1 ! ,se$ be+ extream   
small1 ! ,lobes are n s manageable z to 
be sep>at$ "o f ! o!r4 ,b x is mo/      
reasonable to suppose t s soon z !      
,radicle is f9i%$1 ! next /ep1 is ! pu%+
 =? ( ano!r ,node1 betwe5 ! ,lobes1 9   
ord] to ! mak+ ( a ,bud1 & s ! p]fection
 ( ! ,se$4  #bj4 4 ,?is be+ done or 9   
do+1 ! ,radicle or ,/alk ( ! ,se$1      

conta9+ /ill m & m at ! bottome1 hangs  
at ! ,inn] ,membrane1 only by an extream
 small & %ort ,ligam5t or ,navel-,/r+4  
,:i* at la/1 also breaks2 & s ! ,se$1 z 
,fruits :5 !y are ripe1 falls (f & lies 
loose 9 ! ,in] ,membrane2  ,tab4 #ha4   
?is gradually %r9k+ up & s becom+ m     
holl[1 to make room = ! fur!r ,gr[? ( ! 
,se$4                                   
,sev]al                                 
,,lectures                              
,read be=e !                            
,,royal ,,society4    ,by ,,nehemjah    
,,grew ,m4,d4 ,fell[ ( ! ,,royal        
,,society1 & ( !      ,,college (       
,,physicians4                           
,,london1                       ,pr9t$  
by ,w4 ,rawl9s1 #afhb4                  
,,!                                     
,,titles                              ,(
 ! foll[+                               
,,lectures4     ,i4 ,,( ! ,nature1      
,causes1 & ,p[] ( ,,mixture4 ,! second  
,edition4    ,,ii4 ,( ! ,,luctation     
aris+ ^u ! ,mixture ( sev]al            

,m5/ruum's ) all sorts ( ,bodies4 ,!    
second ,edition4    ,,iii4 ,an ,essay1  
,( ! v>i\s ,proportions1 :]e9 ,,lixivial
      ,,salts are f\nd 9 ,plants4       
,,iv4 ,( ! ,,ess5tial & ,,m>9e ,,salts (
 ,plants4    ,v4 ,( ! ,,col\rs (        
,plants4    ,,vi4 ,( ! ,div]sities &    
,causes ( ,,ta/s2 *iefly 9      ,plants4
 ,) an ,app5dix1 ,( ! ,,od\rs ( ,plants4
    ,,vii4 ,exp]im5ts 9 ,consort1 ^u !  
,,solution ( ,,salts 9 ,wat]4           
,,to ,,!                                
,"r ,hon\rable                          
,,william                         ,"l   
,vis,count ,,br\nck]1                   
,,presid5t                              
,,( ,,!                                 
,royal ,society4   ,,my ,,"l1  ,,"o     
,reason :y ,i ,d$icate ! foll[+         
,disc\rses to ,y\r ,lord%ip1 is1 ,= t by
 ,y\r great undes]v$ ,respects1 ,y h    
oblig$ me to d no less4  ,ano!r1 my ,"l1
 is1 ,because ,i c\ld n b ,publickly    
return ,y\r ,lord%ip ,?anks1 = m9d+ !   
,royal ,society ( s good a ,way1 !y are 

lately resolv$ ^u1 = ! ,managem5t ( a   
great "p ( _! ,bus9ess4 ,:]e91 my ,"l1  
,i d m ?an presume1 t ,i also speak !   
,s5se ( ! :ole ,society2 ,i ?9k1 n any  
"o except$4  ,i may ) ! same ,confid5ce 
intimate1 my ,"l1 h[ happy !y acc\nt    
!mselves1 9 hav+ a ,p]son s fit to      
preside _! ,affairs1 z ,y\r ,lord%ip4 ,!
 ,l>g5ess ( y\r ,k1 ! ,exactness ( ,y\r 
,judgm5t1 ! ,ev5ness ( ,y\r ,comport2   
be+ "s ( ^? necess>y ,qualifications1   
:i* ,8 ,maje/y _h 9 ,8 ,eye 7z "r well  
und]/&+ :at ,he did7 :5 ,he fix$ ,8     
,*oice ^u ,y\r ,lord%ip4  ,i "k1 my ,"l1
 t !re are "s m51 :o h j s mu* ,und]/&+1
 z only to tea* !m h[ to be ,ambiti\s3  
,! ,flatt]+ ( :om1 is some:at l !       
,tickl+ ( ,*ildr51 till !y fall a       
,danc+4 ,b ,i also "k1 t ,y\r ,lord%ip  
unconc]ne? ,y\r self z mu*1 9 :at ,i ev5
 n[ spake2 z ,cs> did himself1 :5 8     
,s\ldi]s began to /yle him ,k+4 ,= z he 
said1 ,non ,rex1 s$ ,cs>3 ,s let ,y\r   
,lord%ip be b once nam'd1 & all t       
foll[s1 is b a ,tautology to :at ,y are 

already kn[n to be4 ,y\r be+ ,presid5t (
 ! ,royal ,society1 ,y\r be+ ! ,fir/ t 0
 ,*os51 & ,*os5 by s ,kn[+ a ,pr9ce2    
becomes s real a ,panegyrick to ,y\r    
,lord%ip1 z leave? ,v]bal ones )\t any  
s\nd4  ,:5ce1 my ,"l1 ,i h a ?ird       
,reason mo/ naturally em]g5t1 :i* is1 ,t
 ,i d>e to submit my self1 z to :at ,i h
 h]eaft] said1 to ,y\r ,lord%ips        
,c5sure4 ,y be+ s able & j an ,arbit]   
betwixt ! same & all ^? ,p]sons !re9    
conc]n'd2 t ,y c nei!r be deceiv$1 nor  
corrupt$1 to make a ,judgm5t 9 any      
,po9t1 to ! ,injury ( ei!r4  ,& truly1  
my ,"l1 7 x only f a ,pr9ciple (        
self-,int]e/1 yet ,i c\ld n desire x    
%\ld be o!rwise4 ,= ! ,_w1 if x lives1 w
 c]ta9ly gr[ z mu* m kn[+ ?an x is2 z x 
is n[ m1 ?an x 0 h]et(ore4 ,s t we h z  
little ,reason to despise ,antiquity2 z 
we c h will+ness1 t we our selves %\ld  
be despis$ by ,po/]ity4  ,yet "s        
diff]5ce !re is to be made2 viz4 betwixt
 ^? ( all ,ages1 :o h be5 mode/ly       
ignorant2 & ^? :o h ?\ght1 or pret5d$1 t

 !y 7 ,omnisci5t4 ,or if kn[+ &         
ackn[l$g+ t !y 7 ,ignorant2 h yet n be5 
cont5t$ to be s2 unless1 ) z good       
mann]s1 z s5se1 !y did conjure all      
,mank9d n to (f] at ! kn[+ any m ?an    
!mselves4  ,^u ! :ole1 my ,"l1 ,i desire
 n ,y %\ld be a ,patron1 any fur!r ?an  
,y are a ,judge4 ,= if ?is small ,essay 
ha? des]v$ ! lea/ acceptance1 ,i am     
sure1 t 9 be+ "o1 ,y w be bo?4          
,i am1                                  
,my ,"l1                      ,y\r      
,lord%ips mo/ ,fai?ful                  
& ,ob$i5t ,s]vant1                      
,,nehemjah ,,grew4                      
,a                                      
,,disc\rse                              
,read be=e !                            
,,royal ,,society                       
,decemb4 #aj4 #afgd4                    
,conc]n+ !                              
,,nature1 ,,causes1 & ,,p[]             
,,(                                     
,,mixture4   ,,hav+ ! hon\r to p]=m !   
,task ( ?is day2 ,i %all endeav\r to    

con=m to ! ,phylosophy1 :i* ?is ,society
 do? pr(ess2 :i* is1 ,reason+ gr\nd$ ^u 
,exp]im5t1 & ! ,common ,notions ( ,s5se4
 ,! =m] be+1 )\t ! latt]1 too subtle &  
intangible2 ! latt] )\t ! =m]1 too gross
 & unmanageable3 b bo? toge!r1 be>+ a   
true analogy to our selves2 :o are nei!r
 ,angels1 nor me] ,animals1 b ,m54  ,!  
,subject ,i h *os5 to speak (1 is       
,mixture4 ,:]e(1 t our ,disc\rse may be 
! m consi/5t1 & ! bett] intelligible2   
all ,i h to say1 %all be rang$ into ?is 
,me?od2 viz4  #a4 ,fir/1 ,i %all give a 
brief acc\nt ( ! receiv$ ,doctr9e (     
,mixture4  #b4 ,next1 lay d[n "s        
,propositions ( ! ,pr9ciples :]e( all   
,mix$ ,bodies consi/4  #c4 ,!n1 op5 !   
true ,nature ( ,mixture2 or say1 ,:at x 
is4  #d4 ,& !n enum]ate ! ,causes (     
,mixture2 or say1 ,h[ x is made4  #e4   
,la/ly1 ,i %all %ew ! ,p[] ( ,mixture2  
or1 ,:at x c d4                         
,,*ap4 ,i4                   ,( !       
receiv$ ,doctr9e ( ,mixture4   ,,fir/1  
,z to ! receiv$ ,doctr9e ( ,mixture2 n  

to tr\ble y ) t$i\s quotations ( :at    
,ari/otle1 ,gal51 ,f]nelius1 ,scalig]1  
,s5n]tus1 ,riv]ius1 & o!r ,le>n$ m5 say 
h]e(2 we may suppose ! :ole summ$ up 9 t
 ,def9ition :i* ,ari/otle himself ha?   
giv5 ( x1  ,lib4 #a4 de ,g5]at4         
,corrupt4 ,cap4 ult4  & :i* ! great]    
numb] ( 8 ,foll[]s1 h almo/ religi\sly  
adh]$ to2 viz4 t 'tis1    1 t 'tis1     
,miscibilium alt]atorum unio4 ,:i*      
,def9ition1 z x is usually explicat$1 is
 bo? ,un9telligible1 & ,unuseful4  #b4 4
 ,two ?+s are un9telligible2 :at !y mean
 by ,alt]ation2 & :at by ,union4 ,9 ?is 
,alt]ation1 !y say1 ,t ! v ,=ms ( !     
,elem5ts are alt]$4 ,& !re=e lay x d[n =
 an ,axiom1 ,quod 9 ,mixto1 ,=m         
,elem5t>es tantum s9t 9 pot5tia1 ,b let 
u see ! consequ5ce4 ,= if 9 a mix$ body1
 ! ,=ms ( ! ,elem5ts are b 9 pot5tia2 !n
 ! ,elem5ts !mselves are b 9 pot5tia3 = 
we all say1 ,=ma dat esse4 ,& if !      
,comp\nd+ ,elem5ts1 are only 9 pot5tia2 
!n ! ,comp\nd$ ,body x self c be only 9 
pot5tia2 yet to say x is no m1 is mo/   

absurd4  #c4 4 ,z = ! ,union ( ,elem5ts 
9 a mix$ ,body2 !y make x su*1 z br+s !m
 at la/ to ass]t1 ! ,p5etration (       
,bodies1 & t ! ,union ( mix$ ,bodies is 
no?+ else4 ,= !y say x is made 9 su*    
sort1 t e p>ticle ( ! mix$ ,body1       
p>take? ( ! ,nature ( ! :ole4 ,:i*      
,nature1 arise? f ! contemp]at$         
,qualities ( ! f\r ,elem5ts4 ,:5ce !y   
conclude1 ,t e p>ticle ( ! mix$ ,body1  
conta9e? 9 x self all ! f\r ,elem5ts4   
,:i* is pla9ly to ass]t a p5etration (  
,bodies4 ,= e ,elem5t is1 at lea/1 "o   
p>ticle2 if !re=e e p>ticle ( ! mix$    
,body1 conta9e? f\r ,elem5ts2 !n f\r    
p>ticles are b "o4 ,i conclude !n1 ,t ! 
receiv$ ,doctr9e ( ,mixture is          
,un9telligible4  #d4 4 ,:5ce x foll[s1  
,t x is also ,b>r5 & ,unuseful4 ,= :o c 
make any use ( t :i* he und]/&e? n8 ,& !
 exp]i5ce ( s _m ye>s1 :]e9 x ha? be5   
v5tilat$ by ! disputes ( m51 prove? z   
mu*3 ,sc>ce any ( !m1 except ! ,le>n$   
,s5n]tus1 d>+ to v5ture ^u ,exp]im5t1 = 
fe> !y %\ld come to und]/& !mselves4    

#e4 4 ,x is confess$1 t _m gallant ?+s h
 be5 f\nd out by artificial ,mixture4 ,b
 no ?anks to ?is ,def9ition ( x4 ,= z an
 ,ignorant ,man may make bad ,"w1 & a   
good ,rule be nev] ! worse2 s "o t is   
,+5i\s may make good ,"w1 & a bad ,rule 
be nev] ! bett]4 ,! "q is n1 :at h m5   
done8 b :at h !y done ^u ?is f\ndation1 
,quod ,mixitio sit miscibilium          
alt]atorum unio4 ,_h ?is ev] taught !m  
to d any ?+1 ev5 s mu* z to make ! ,inke
 :]e) !y h wrote1 all _! ,disputes2 ,i  
confess1 !y w\ld h _h some?+ to %ew = x4
 ,b ! tru? is1 _! notions ( ,mixture1 h 
be5 s f> f do+ u any good1 t !y h done u
 mu* h>m3 be+1 ?r\gh _! seem+ subtlety1 
b real absurdity1 z s _m phanta/ick     
,spectrums1 s]v+ only to affright m5 f  
com+ ne> !m1 or ! ,subject :]e( !y      
treat4  #f4 4 ,i %all !re=e endeav\r to 
op5 ! true ,nature ( ,mixture4 ,& ,i    
%all build my ,doctr9e ^u ! ,common     
,notions ( ,s5se3 :i* none c d5y2 & e "o
 may conceive (4 ,9 ord] to :i*1 ,i %all
 take leave to lay d[n "s ,propositions1

 ( ! ,pr9ciples ( all mix$ ,bodies4     
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                       ,( ! 
,pr9ciples ( ,bodies4   ,,& fir/1 by    
,pr9ciples1 ,i mean ,atomes1 or c]ta9   
,sorts ( ,atomes1 or ( ! simple/ (      
,bodies4 ,= o!rwise !y w\ld n be        
,pr9ciples2 = a comp\nd$ ,pr9ciple1 9   
/rict speak+1 is a ,contradiction4 ,ev5 
z ,fives1 ,?rees1 or ,two's are n !     
,pr9ciples ( ,numb]1 b ,unites4  #b4 4  
,:5ce1 secondly1 x foll[s1 t !y are also
 ,indivisible4 ,n ,ma!matically2 = !    
,atomes ( e ,pr9ciple h _! ,dim5sions4  
,b ,physically2 & s1 :at is b "o1 _c be 
made two4 ,if x be ask$1 ,:e!r a ,/ick  
cut ) a ,knife1 be n ( "o1 made two8 ,i 
say1 t a ,/ick1 is n "o ,body1 b _m     
millions ( ,bodies2 t is1 ( ,atomes2 n  
any "o :]e( is divid$ )9 x self1 b only 
!y are sep>at$ "o f ano!r1 :]e ! ,knife 
=ce? its way4 ,z 9 ! draw+ ( a mans ,f+]
 ?r\gh a ,heap ( ,corn2 !re is no       
,division made 9 any "o ,gra91 b only a 
sep>ation ( !m "o f ano!r1 all rema9+   
/ill 9 !mselves entire4 ,i say1 !re=e1 t

 :at is ,physically "o1 is also mo/     
firm1 & ,indivisible1 t is1             
,imp5etrable3 = ,p5etration is b !      
,sep>ation1 n ! ,division ( ,atomes4    
#c4 4 ,h5ce1 ?irdly1 !y are also        
,immutable4 ,= t :i* _c be divid$1 _c be
 *ang'd4 ,s t ( ! :ole ,_w ( ,atomes1 n 
any "o ha? ev] suff]'d1 or c suff] !    
lea/ mutation4 ,h]eupon is gr\nd$ !     
,con/ancy ( ,causes & ,effects4 ,s t1 9 
all ,g5]ations1 x is n less c]ta91 t !  
self same ,pr9ciple is /ill propagat$ f 
! same2 ?an1 t ,man is f ,man4 ,:]e=e1  
comp\nd$ ,bodies are g5]at$2 b          
,pr9ciples are n1 b only propagat$2 t   
is1 9 e ,g5]ation1 !y pass1 9 !mselves  
unalt]$1 f "o ,body1 into ano!r4  #d4 4 
,if ,pr9ciples1 or ,atomes are all      
,immutable2 x aga9 foll[s1 ,t !y are (  
,div]s ,k9ds4 ,= "o & ! same ,pr9ciple1 
or ,k9d ( ,atomes1 w /ill make ! ,same  
,?+1 & h ! same ,effect3 s t all        
,g5]ations w\ld !n be ! ,same4 ,:]e=e1  
s9ce !y are ,immutable1 !y mu/ be       
,div]s4  #e4 4 ,?is ,div]sity1 = ! same 

reason1 is n small1 b v ,num]\s4 ,= z ! 
,_w1 tak5 toge!r1 is ,natures ,%op2 s ! 
,pr9ciples ( ,?+s are h] ,tools1 & h]   
,mat]ials4 ,:]e=e1 z x speaks ! goodness
 ( a ,%op2 s ! ,p]fection ( ! ,univ]se1 
,t x is furni%$ ) _m ,tools :]e)1 & _m  
,mat]ials :]eupon to "w4 ,& consequ5tly1
 t ,philosophy be>e? be/ its own "n2 :i*
 do? n /ra9 all to two or ?ree          
,pr9ciples1 l two or ?ree ,bells 9 a    
,/eeple1 mak+ a pitiful ,*ime3 b trye?  
to rise up to ,natures own ,numb]1 & s  
to r+ all ! ,*anges 9 ! ,_w4  #f4 4 ,yet
 do? n ?is va/ ,div]sity take away !    
,regim5t & ,subord9ation ( ,pr9ciples4  
,!re be+ a c]ta9 less] numb] ( !m1 :i*  
ei!r by _! great] quantity1 or o!r ways1
 h ,rule & ,dom9ion1 9 _! sev]al ,ord]s1
 ov] all ! re/4 ,= :]e-ev] ! ,subject is
 ,multitude1 ,ord] is "p ( its          
,p]fection4 ,= ,ord] is ,proportion4 ,& 
h[ c ,nature be imag9'd to hold         
,proportion 9 all ?+s else1 & n "h8     
,:]e=e1 z c]ta9ly1 z ,ord] & ,gov]nm5t  
are 9 all ! ,p>ts ( ! ,rational2 s      

c]ta9ly1 ( ! ,mat]ial ,_w4 ,:5ce x is1  
,t al?\gh ! ,species ( ,pr9ciples be v  
num]\s2 yet ! ,pr9ciples call$          
,gal5ical1 ,*ymical1 or any o!rs1 :i* d 
any way fall "u ! notice ( ,s5se1 are   
not)/&+ r$uceable to a small] numb]3    
viz4 accord+ to ! numb] ( ,pr$om9ant    
,pr9ciples 9 ,nature2 or1 r 9 ?is "p ( !
 ,univ]se :i* is ne> & r\nd ab\t u4 ,to 
! ,p[] & ,empire :]e(1 all o!r          
,pr9ciples d submit4 ,:i* ,submission1  
is n ! quitt+ ( _! own ,nature2 b only  
_! appe>ance "u ! ext]nal ,face or      
,habit ( ! said ,pr$om9ant ,pr9ciples4  
#g4 4 ,z !re c be no ,ord] ( ,pr9ciples1
 )\t ,div]sity2 s no ,div]sity1 b :at is
 orig9ally made by ^! two ways2 sc4 by  
,size & ,figure4 ,by ^! !y may be exce$+
 diff]5t3 & all o!r ,prop]ties besides1 
:]eby !y diff]1 mu/ be dep5d5t ^u ^!    
,two4  #h4 4 ,nor !re=e1 c !y be ( any  
o!r ,figures1 ?an :at are ,regul>4 ,=   
,regul>ity1 is a ,similitude cont9u'd4  
,s9ce !re=e all k9ds ( ,atomes are div]s
 only by _! ,size & ,figure2 if ! selfe 

same ,size & ,figure 7 n common to a    
c]ta9 numb] ( ,atomes1 !y c\ld n be said
 to be ( any "o k9d3 & consequ5tly1 if  
!re 7 no ,similitude ( ,atomes1 !re c\ld
 be no ,di/9ction ( ,pr9ciples4  #i4 4  
,h5ce also1 ^! two ,modes ( ,atomes1    
viz4 _! ,size & ,figure1 are ! true1 &  
only orig9al ,qualities ( ,atomes4 ,t   
is1 an ,atome is su* or su*1 because x  
is ( su* a c]ta9 ,size & ,figure4  #aj4 
4 ,la/ly1 ,z ^! two ,modes1 tak5        
sev]ally1 are ! ,qualities ( an ,atome3 
s consid]'d toge!r1 !y are its ,=m4 ,a  
,sub/antial ,=m ( a ,body1 be+ an       
un9telligible ?+4 ,i say ( a ,body2 =   
al?\gh ! ,rational ,s\l be a ,sub/antial
 ,=m1 yet is x ! ,=m ( a ,man1 & n ( a  
,body4 ,= ! ,=m ( a ,body1 we c conceive
 ( no o!rwise1 ?an z ( ! ,modification (
 a ,body1 or a ,complexion ( all !      
,modes ( a ,body4 ,:i* also agrees ) t  
,def9ition ( a ,=m1 :i* among/ !        
,p]ipatetick ,philosoph]s is well en\gh 
accept$1 viz4 ,quod sit1 ,ratio ejus    
,ess5ti1 qu cuique ,rei competit4 ,:i*  

,ratio1 if x be ref]r$ to a ,body1 :at  
is x1 b ! ,modification ( t ,body8 ,hav+
 ?us propos$ a ,summ>y ( my ,?\ghts ab\t
 ,pr9ciples2 ,i %all next proce$ to %ew 
:at _! ,mixture is4                     
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                         ,(
 ! ,,nature ( ,mixture4   ,,& fir/ (    
all1 f ! ,premisses1 we arrive at ?is   
,conclusion2 sc4 ,t ! ,=mation &        
,trans=mation ( all ,bodies1 c be no?+  
else1 b ! ,mixture ( ,bodies4 ,= all    
,pr9ciples are immutable2  ,*4 #b4 4 #c4
  z we h above prov$3 & !re=e n g5]able1
 =mable1 or trans=mable4 ,& ! ,=ms (    
,pr9ciples1 be+ b _! ,modes1 are also   
immutable4  ,*4 #b4 4 #aj4  ,s t ! :ole 
,bus9ess ( ! ,mat]ial ,_w1 is no?+ else1
 b ,mixture4  #b4 4 ,aga91 z ,nature    
worke? e :]e only by ,mixture2 s is ?is 
,mixture e :]e b "o ?+1 & c be b "o4 ,= 
:e!r x be ! ,mixture ( great ,bodies1 or
 ( small2 ( ,comp\nds1 or ( ,atomes2 x  
is e :]e ,mixture1 & ! ,mixture (       
,bodies4  ,*4 #b4 4 #b4  ,:]e=e1        
,mixture is ei!r an intelligible        

,affection ( all ,bodies1 or ( none2 :i*
 lat]1 no man w say4 ,z _m ways !re=e1 z
 we c see1 or conceive ! ,mixture ( any 
gross ,bodies1 :i* we hold 9 our h&2 s  
_m ways1 we may1 ( ! subtile/ ,mixtures 
:i* ,nature make?1 or ( ,atomes         
!mselves2 & no o!r ways4  #c4 4 ,n[ all 
! ways we c di/+ui% ,mixture by1 are1 9 
g5]al1 ^! ,two2 ei!r 9 respect ( !      
,bodies ,mix$1 or else ( ! ,modes ( !   
,mixture x self4  #d4 4 ,9 respect ( !  
,bodies ,mix$1 ,mixture is di/+ui%$ also
 two ways2 viz4 by ,conjugation1 & by   
,proportion4  #e4 4 ,by ,conjugation1 ,i
 mean1 a ,mixture ( "s c]ta9 ,pr9ciples1
 & n ( o!rs4 ,:i* is ?reefold4 ,fir/1 ,z
 to ,numb]3 z :5 "o ,body may be        
comp\nd$ ( two ,pr9ciples1 ano!r ( ?ree1
 a ?ird ( f\r1 a f\r? ( five1 & s on4   
,secondly1 ,z to ,k9d3 :]e1 ?\gh !re be 
a conjunction ( ! same ,numb]1 yet n ( !
 same ,k9d4 ,?irdly1 ,:5 !y diff] f "o  
ano!r bo? 9 ,numb] & ,k9d4 ,s _m ways ! 
,pr9ciples ( ,bodies may be conceiv$ to 
be ,conjugat$2 & !re=e are3 = "h1 t :i* 

may be1 is4 ,! ,consequ5ce is cle>4 ,=  
fir/1 ,nature ha? v>i\s ,mat]ials :]e)  
to make ^! ,mixtures2 z we h %ew$4  ,*4 
#b4 4 #e4  ,secondly1 ,by ^! ,mixtures  
%e may1 & )\t ! concurr5ce ( any imag9>y
 ,=ms1 mu/ produce all ! v>ieties 9 !   
mat]ial ,_w2 z likewise ha? be5 said4   
,*4 #c4 4 #a4  ,:]e=e1 s9ce all         
imag9able ,mixtures may be made1 & t to 
"s purpose2 if !y %\ld n be s1 ,nature  
w\ld be ,imp]fect3 because we our selves
 c ?9k1 h[ %e might put h] ,mat]ials to 
fur!r use1 !n s %e w\ld d4 ,to ?9k      
!re=e1 t all ,k9ds ( ,pr9ciples1 or all 
,elem5ts g to make up e ,comp\nd$ ,body1
 z by ! ,p]ipatetick ,philosophy we are 
taught2 is a conceit1 no m to be cr$it$1
 ?an "o t %\ld tell u1 all ,k9d ( ,:eels
 & o!r p>ts ( a ,wat*1 7 put into a     
,clock2 or t !re 7 no o!r ,mat]ials :]e)
 to build an ,h\se1 !n = a ,t5t or a    
,%ip4 ,= :y %\ld ,nature1 ! great       
,artific] by :i* all p]fect ,works are  
made1 be feign$ to cram & ram all ?+s   
into "o1 :i* we our selves look ^u z    

absurd8  #f4 4 ,secondly1 ,! ,mixture ( 
,pr9ciples is div]sifi'd1 z by          
,conjugation1 s also by ,proportion4 ,t 
is1 by ! div]s ,quantities1 ( ! sev]al  
,pr9ciples or ,p>ts mix$ toge!r4 ,z if !
 ,quantity ( "o1 7 z five to t52 ( a    
second1 z five to fifte52 ( a ?ird1 z   
five to tw5ty1 c4 ,or if t ( "o1 be z   
five to six2 ( a second1 z six to sev52 
( a ?ird1 z sev5 to eight4 ,by :i*1 & by
 o!r ,proportions1 ,mixture may be v>i$ 
innum]able ways4  #g4 4 ,aga91 ,z       
,mixture is v>i$ ) respect to ! ,bodies 
,mix$2 s likewise 9 respect ( ! ,mixture
 x self1 :i* ,i call ! ,location (      
,pr9ciples1 or ! ,modes ( _!            
,conjunction4 ,:i* may be v>i\s1 z well 
z _! ,conjugation & ,proportion4 ,yet   
are !y all r$uceable unto two g5]al     
,modes3  ,*4 #b4 4 #b4  all ,bodies1 &  
!re=e all ,pr9ciples1 be+ mix$ ei!r by  
,m$iation1 or by ,contact4  #h4 4 ,n[   
all ,contact1 :e!r ( ,comp\nds1 or (    
,atomes1 c be no o!r way1 ?an su* z is  
answ]able to _! ,figures4 ,:]e(1 !re=e1 

we c conceive b ?ree g5]al ways1 viz4   
,fir/1 ,by ,contact 9 a ,po9t1 or "s    
small] "p3 z :5 two ,atomes meet1 :i*   
are globul> or o!rwise gibbose4         
,secondly1 ,by ,contact 9 a ,pla93 z 9 !
 conjunction ( ! sides ( ,triangul> or  
,quadrangul> ,atomes1 or o!rwise flat4  
,?irdly1 ,by ,contact 9 a ,concave3 z :5
 "o ,atome is admitt$ into ! ,concave or
 hole ( ano!r2 z a ,spigot is into a    
,fosset4 ,! fir/ may be call$1          
,apposition2 ! second1 ,application2 !  
?ird1 ,reception or ,intrusion4  #i4 4  
,9 ! two la/ ways1 ,atomes may be joyn$ 
by ,m$iation2 b be/ ( all ! la/4 ,z :5 !
 two extreams ( "o ,atome are receiv$   
into ! ,concaves or ! holes ( two o!rs4 
#aj4 4 ,& ^! are all ! g5]al ways1 :]eby
 we c conceive ,bodies to be ,mix$      
toge!r2 sc4 by _! v>i\s ,conjugation1   
,proportion & ,location4 ,s t !         
,composition ( ,atomes1 9 ,bodies2 is l 
t ( ,lett]s1 9 ,words4 ,:at a ,?und]clap
 w\ld su* a ,^w be1 :]e9 all ! f\r &    
tw5ty ,lett]s 7 pack'd up8 ,"o !re=e is 

comp\nd$ ( m1 ano!r ( few]3 ?is ( "s1 & 
t ( o!rs3 & bo? ! ,conjugation1         
,proportion1 & ,location ( ,lett]s is   
v>i$ 9 e ,^w3 :]eby1 we h _m ?\s&s (    
diff]+ ,words1 )\t any alt]ation at all1
 9 ! ,lett]s !mselves2 & might h t5     
times z _m m4 ,9 l mann]1 !re=e1 or 9 ! 
self same analog\s way1 z ! ,lett]s ( ! 
,alphabet1 are ! ,pr9ciples ( ,words2 s 
,pr9ciples1 are ! ,alphabet ( ,?+s4     
#aa4 4 ,:at we h said ( ,pr9ciples2 & ( 
,mixture z consequ5t !reupon2 may be a  
f\ndation = an intelligible acc\nt1 ( ! 
,nature & ,cause ( mo/ ( ! ,intr9sick   
,prop]ties1 & ,qualities ( ,bodies3 z ( 
,gravity1 ,levity1 ,fixity1 ,fluidity1  
,angul>ity1 ,r\ndness1 ,heat1 ,cold1    
,blackness1 ,:it5ess1 ,s[]ness1         
,sweetness1 ,fragrancy1 ,fetidness1 & v 
_m m4 ,i say an intelligible acc\nt2 sc4
 su* z is gr\nd$ ^u ! ,notions ( ,s5se1 
& made out ,me*anically4 ,b !           
exemplification h]e(1 be+ too l>ge a    
field = ?is1 or any "o ,lecture1 ,i     
%all1 be=e ,i come to ! ,causes (       

,mixture1 only d$uce f ! ,premises1 ^!  
foll[+ ,coroll>ies4  #ab4 4 ,fir/1 ,t   
!re is no alt]ation ( ,pr9ciples or (   
,elem5ts1 9 ! mo/ p]fect ,mixture (     
,bodies4 ,x _c be2 = ,pr9ciples are     
,immutable1 z we h said4  ,*4 #b4 4 #c4 
,& if x c\ld be1 yet x ne$e? n to be3 = 
!y are also _m1 & comp\ndable inf9ite   
ways2  ,*4 #b4 4 #e4  z ha? be5 %ew$4 ,s
 t we h no ne$ to p]plex our selves )   
any ( ^? difficulties1  ,*4 #c4 4 #aj4  
t arise f ! ,doctr9e ( ! ,alt]ation (   
,elem5ts4 ,! gr\nd ( :i* conceit1 is t1 
( !re be+ b f\r ,elem5ts1 & all 9 e     
p>ticle ( ! mix$ ,body4 ,& s m5 be+     
puzel$1 h[ f !nce to make out ! inf9ite 
v>iety ( ,bodies1 !y feign$ !m to be    
alt]able1 & alt]$1 ^u e p]fect ,mixture4
 ,n consid]+1 t if _! f\r ,elem5ts be   
alt]able2 z few z !y are1 no few] !n    
?ree ( !m may be sp>$3 = "o ,elem5t1 if 
alt]able1 may be made any4  #ac4 4      
,h5ce1 ,secondly1 may be solv$ t great  
,dispute1 ,:e!r su* z we call ,lixivial 
,salts1 are made by ! fire8 ,= fir/1 ,no

 ,pr9ciple is made by ! fire3  ,*4 #b4 4
 #c4  all ,pr9ciples be+ unalt]able2 &  
!re=e unmakable4 ,secondly1 ,we mu/     
!re=e di/+ui% betwixt ! ,pr9ciple1 & its
 v>i\s ,mixture ) o!r ,pr9ciples2 f :5ce
 x may receive diff]5t ,%apes & ,names4 
,:]e=e1 a ,lixivial ,salt1 qua          
,lixivial1 is c]ta9ly made by ! fire4 ,b
 quat5us ,salt1 x is n3 t ,pr9ciple be+ 
extractable out ( mo/ ,bodies2 & by     
div]s o!r ways1 !n by ! fire4 ,= :e!r y 
,calc9e a body1 or else ,f]m5t x1 7aft] 
! mann] %ew$ by ! curi\s ,improv] (     
,*ymical ,k1 ,dr4 ,daniel ,cox7 or      
putrifie x "u gr\nd1 or dr[n x 9 ! ,sea2
 x /ill yielde? "s k9d ( ,salt4 ,all :i*
 ,salts are made1 n by mak+ ! ,sal9e    
,pr9ciple2 b only by its be+ diff]5tly  
,mix$1 by ^? sev]al ways ( ! ,solution (
 ,bodies1 ) o!r ,pr9ciples3 f :i* its   
diff]5t ,mixture1 x receives ! v>i\s    
,d5om9ations1 ( ,m>9e1 ,nitr\s1         
,volatile1 or ,lixivial4  #ad4 4 ,h5ce1 
,?irdly1 ! mo/ p]fect ,mixture (        
,bodies1 c g no high] ?an ,contact4 ,=  

all ,pr9ciples are unalt]able2  ,*4 #b4 
4 #c4  & all ,matt] is imp5etrable2 z   
ha? be5 said4  ,*4 #c4 4 #b4  ,9 ! mo/  
visible & laxe ,mixture1 !re is         
,contact2 & 9 ! mo/ subtile & p]fect1 z 
9 ,g5]ation x self1 !re is no?+ m4  #ae4
 4 ,h5ce1 ,f\r?ly1 we easily und]/&1 h[ 
div]s ( ! same ,pr9ciples1 belong+ bo?  
to ,vegetables & _m o!r ,bodies1 are    
also actually exi/5t 9 ! ,body ( ,man4  
,because ev5 9 ,g5]ation or             
,transmutation1 ! ,pr9ciples :i* are    
translat$ f "o ,body to ano!r1 z f a    
,vegetable to an ,animal1 are n 9 ! lea/
 alt]'d 9 !mselves2 b only _! ,mixture1 
t is1 _! ,conjugation1 ,proportion &    
,location1 is v>i$4  #af4 4 ,h5ce also !
 diff]5ce ( ,mixture1 aris+ f ! diff]5ce
 ( ,contact1 is intelligible2 sc4 z to  
^? ?ree degrees1 ,congregation1 ,union1 
& ,conc5tration4  ,congregation1 &      
,inconsi/5t ,mixture1 is :5 ! sev]al    
,atomes t\* b 9 a ,po9t1 or small] "p4  
,*4 #c4 4 #h4  ,9 :i* mann]1 ,i h div]s 
argum5ts1 induc+ me to believe ! ,atomes

 ( all ,fluid ,bodies1 qua ,fluid1 d    
t\*2 & 9 no o!r4   ,*4 #c4 4 #h4        
,union1 is :5 !y t\* 9 a ,pla94 ,z 9 !  
,cry/als & ,%oot+s ( all ,salts1 & o!r l
 ,bodies4 ,= if we pursue _! divid$ &   
subdivid$ p>ts1 ) our eye1 z f> z we c2 
!y /ill t]m9ate1 on e side1 9 ,pla9s4   
,:]e=e1 'tis intelligible1 ,t _! v      
,atomes d also t]m9ate1 & !re=e t\*1 9  
,pla94  ,conc5tration1 is :5 two1 or m  
,atomes t\* by ,reception & ,intrusion (
 "o into ano!r3  ,*4 #c4 4 #h4  :i* is !
 close/1 & firme/ ,mixture ( all2 z 9   
any fix$ unodorable1 or unta/able ,body3
 ! ,atomes ( su* ,bodies1 be+ n able to 
make any ,smell or ,ta/e1 unless !y 7   
fir/ dissolv$2 t is to say1 unp9'd "o f 
ano!r4  #ag4 4 ,h5ce1 ,six?ly1 we       
und]/&1 h[ 9 "s cases1 !re seeme? to be 
a ,p5etration ( ,bodies2 & 9 :at s5se x 
may be admitt$3 viz4 if we w mean no m  
by ,p5etration1 b ,intrusion4 ,= !      
,intrusion ( "o ,atome into ! ,concave  
or hole ( ano!r1 is a k9d ( ,p5etration2
 :]eby !y take up less room 9 ! mix$    

,body1 !n !y w\ld d by any o!r way (    
,contact4 ,z a nak$ knife & its %ea?1   
take up almo/ d\ble room1 to :at !y d1  
:5 ! knife is %ea!d4 ,:5ce we may assign
 ! reason1 ,:y _m ,liquors be+ mix$2    
take up less room or space1 !n !y did   
ap>t2 z ! ,+5i\s ,mr4 ,hook ha? made x  
to appe> by ,exp]im5t1 t !y d4 ,i say ! 
pla9 reason h]e(1 or at lea/ "o reason1 
is ! ,intrusion ( _m ( _! ,atomes into  
"o ano!r4 ,:i* yet is n a ,p5etration ( 
,bodies /rictly s call$4  #ah4 4        
,sev5?ly1 ,if all t ,nature make?1 be b 
,mixture2  ,*4 #c4 4 #a4  & all ?is     
,mixture be b ,contact 'tis !n evid5t1  
,t ,natural & ,artificial ,mixture1 are 
! same4  ,*4 #c4 4 #ad4  ,& all ^? seem+
 subtilties :]eby ,philosoph]s h gone   
ab\t to di/+ui% !m2 h be5 b s _m        
,sc>cr[s to affright ,m5 f ! ,imitation 
( ,nature4  #ai4 4 ,eigh?ly1 ,h5ce x    
foll[s1 ,t ,art x self may g f> 9 do+   
:at ,nature do?4 ,& :o c say1 h[ f>8 ,= 
we h no?+ to ,make2 b only to mix ^?    
,mat]ials1 :i* are already made to our  

h&s4 ,ev5 ,nature h] self1 z ha? be5    
said1 ,make? no?+ new2  ,*4 #c4 4 #a4  b
 only mixe? all ?+s4 ,s f>1 !re=e1 z we 
c gov]n ,mixture1 we may d :at ,nature  
do?4  #bj4 4 ,:i* t we may /ill ! bett] 
und]/&2 let u be=e1 & 9 ! next place1   
see ! ,causes ( ,mixture4  ,*4 #c4 4    
#ah4  ,= s9ce ,natural & ,artificial    
,mixture are ! same2 ! imm$iate ,causes 
( bo?1 are & mu/ be ! same4             
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                         ,( 
! ,,causes ( ,mixture4   ,,n[ all !     
,causes ( ,mixture we c conceive (1 mu/1
 ,i ?9k1 be r$uc$ to ^! six 9 g5]al2    
viz4 ,congruity1 ,weight1 ,compression1 
,solution1 ,dige/ion1 & ,agitation4  #a4
 4 ,congruity1 or aptitude & respond5ce 
betwixt ! ,sizes & ,figures ( ,p>ts to  
be mix$3 :]eby ,bodies may be truly     
call$ ! ,in/rum5tal ,causes ( _! own    
,mixture4 ,z :5 a ,pla9 answ]s to a     
,pla91 a ,squ>e to a ,squ>e1 a ,convex  
to a ,concave1 or a ,less to a ,great]  
or an ,equal1 c4 accord+ to :i*         
,respond5cies 9 ! p>ts ( ,bodies1 !y are

 m or less easily m+leable4  #b4 4      
,weight1 by means :]e( all ,fluid       
,bodies1 ^u supposition ( ! ,congruity (
 _! p>ts1 mu/ unavoidably m+le4  #c4 4  
,compression2 :i* ei!r by ! ,air1 or any
 o!r ,body1 add$ to ,weight1 mu/1 9 "s  
degree1 fur!r ,mixture4 ,because1 t     
,weight x self1 is b ,pression4 ,= fur!r
 ,pro( ( all ! said ,causes1 ,i made ?is
 ,exp]im5t2 ,let ,oyl ( ,anise$s1 & ,oyl
 ( ,vitriol be put ap>t into ! ,receiv] 
( an ,air-,pump4 ,&1 hav+ exhau/$ x ( ! 
,air1 let ! two said ,oyls be !n affus$ 
"o ^u ! o!r4 ,:]eupon1 ,fir/1 ,x is     
visible1 t !y "h mix & coagulate toge!r2
 t is1 _! p>ts are w$g$ & intrud$ "o    
into ano!r1 )\t ! usual compression ( ! 
,air2 = t is exhau/$1 & !re=e only by ! 
,congruity ( _! receiv+ & intrud+ p>ts2 
& by _! ,weight2 by :i* alone !y are s  
compress$1 z to make t ,intrusion4      
,secondly1 ,x is also evid5t1 ,t al?\gh 
!y d ,coagulate2 yet n altoge!r s mu*1 z
 :5 p\r$ toge!r 9 ! same mann]1 &       
quantity1 9 ! op5 ,air4 ,:]e=e1         

,compression1 :e!r made by ! ,air1 or   
any ?+ else1 z x do? fur!r !            
,dissolution ( "s ,bodies1 s ! ,mixture 
( o!rs1 & ! great] ! ,compression1 ! m4 
#d4 4 ,solution2 ,= all ,bodies mix be/1
 9 ,=ma fluida4 ,& t = two reasons4     
,fir/1 ,because ! p>ts ( a ,body are n  
!n 9 a /ate ( ,union1 b ( ,sep>ation2 & 
!re=e1 9 a m capable /ate1 = _! ,mixture
 & ,union ) ! p>ts ( ano!r ,body4       
,secondly1 because !n !y are also 9 a   
/ate ( ,motion1 m or less2 & !re=e1 9 a 
cont9ual t5d5cy t[>ds ,mixture2 all     
,mixture be+ made by ,motion4 ,:]e=e all
 ,g5]ations1 & mo/ p]fect ,mixtures 9   
,nature1 are made by ,fluids2 :e!r      
,animal1 ,vegetable1 or ,m9]al4 ,:i* is 
also agreeable to ! ,doctr9e ( !        
,hon\rable ,mr4 ,boyle1 9 8 ,excell5t   
,treatise ( ! ,nature & ,v]tues ( ,gems4
 ,& x is well kn[n1 ,t ,bodies are      
ord9>ily petrifi$1 or ,/ones made1 out (
 ,wat]4 ,t is1 out ( petrify+ p>ts      
dissolv$ p] m9ima 9 ,wat]1 z bo? _!     
,m5/ruum & _! ,vehicle4 ,:]e=e1 if we w 

talk ( mak+ ,gold2 x mu/ n be by !      
,philosoph]s ,/one1 b by ! ,philosoph]s 
,liquor4  #e4 4 ,dige/ion4 ,= :i* !re is
 ! same reason1 z = ,mixture1 by        
,solution4 ,=1 ,fir/1 ,all heat do?     
att5uate1 t is1 /ill fur!r sep>ate !    
p>ts ( a ,body2 & s r5d] !m m m+leable )
 ! p>ts ( ano!r4 ,& !re=e1 ,secondly1   
,do? also add m ,motion to !m1 9 ord] to
 _! ,mixture4  #f4 4 ,agitation4 ,:i* ,i
 am induc$ to believe a great &         
effectual means ( ,mixture1 ^u div]s    
,consid]ations4 ,z1 ,fir/1 ,t ! mak+ (  
,blood 9 ! ,bodies ( ,animals1 & ! mix+ 
( ! ,*yle !re)1 is v mu* promot$ by !   
same means2 sc4 by ! ,agitation ( ! p>ts
 ( ! ,blood & ,*yle1 9 _! cont9ual      
,circulation4 ,aga91 f ! mak+ ( ,butt]  
out ( ,milk1 by ! same means3 :]eby     
alone is made a sep>ation ( ! ole\s p>ts
 f ! ,:ey1 & ,conjunction ( ! ,ole\s    
toge!r4 ,moreov]1 ,f ! great ,effects ( 
,dige/ion2 well kn[n to all t are       
conv]sant 9 ,*ymical ,prep>ations4 ,:i* 
,dige/ion x self1 is b a k9d ( ins5sible

 agitation ( ! p>ts ( dige/$ ,bodies4   
',tis also a kn[n ,exp]im5t1 ,t !       
readie/ way to dissolve ,sug> 9 ,w9e or 
o!r ,liquor2 is to give ! ,vessel a ha/y
 turn1 toge!r ) a sm>t knock1 aga9/ any 
h>d & /eady ,body3 :]eby all ! p>ts ( ! 
,sug> & ,liquor1 are put into a vehem5t 
,agitation1 & s ! ,sug> imm$iately      
dissolv$1 & mix$ ) ! ,liquor4 ,& ,i     
rememb]1 t hav+ 7) int5t1 to make ,mr4  
,mat!ws's ,pill7 put "s ,oyl ( ,turp5t9e
 & ,salt ( ,t>t> toge!r 9 a ,bottle1 &  
s5t x up hi!r out ( ! ,c\ntry2 ,i f\nd1 
t ! cont9ual ,agitation ^u ! ,road1 =   
?ree or f\r days1 _h done m t[>ds _!    
,mixture2 ?an a f> great] "t ( ,dige/ion
 alone _h done be=e4 ,& x is c]ta91 ,t a
 vehem5t ,agitation1 especially1 if     
cont9u'd1 or joyn$ ) ,dige/ion2 w       
accel]ate ! ,mixture ( "s ,bodies1 t5   
times m1 ?an any b>e ,dige/ion alone2 z 
may be prov$ by _m ,exp]im5ts4 ,i w     
in/ance 9 ?is "o4 ,let "s ,oyl (        
,turp5t9e & good ,_s ( ,nitre be /op'd  
up toge!r 9 a ,bottle1 & ! ,bottle held 

to ! ,fire1 till ! ,liquors be a little 
heat$1 & beg9 to bubble4 ,!n hav+ remov$
 x1 & ! ,bubbles by degrees increas+ m &
 m2 ! two ,liquors w ( !mselves1 at la/ 
fall into s impetu\s an ,ebullition1 z  
to make a k9d ( ,explosion2 s5d+ =? a   
smoak = ! space ( almo/ two y>ds high4  
,:]eupon1 ! p>ts ( bo? ! ,liquors1 be+  
viol5tly agitat$1 !y are1 9 a great     
portion1 incorporat$ into a ?ick ,balsam
 9 a mom5t3 & t )\t any int5se heat1 z  
may be felt by ! ,bottle4 ,& ?us mu* = !
 ,causes ( ,mixture4                    
,,*ap4 ,v4                     ,( !     
,,p[] & ,,use ( ,mixture4   ,,hav+      
enum]at$ ! g5]al ,causes1 we %all1      
la/ly1 enquire into ! ,p[] & ,use (     
,mixture2 or1 into :at x c ,d & ,tea*4  
,& ,i %all ,in/ance 9 six p>ticul>s4    
,fir/1 to ,r5d] all ,bodies ,sociable1  
:atsoev] !y be4 ,secondly1 ,to ,make    
,artificial ,bodies 9 ,imitation ( ^? ( 
,natures own production4 ,?irdly1 to    
make or imitate ! s5sible ,qualities (  
,bodies2 z ,smells1 & ,ta/s4 ,f\r?ly1   

,to make1 or imitate _! ,faculties4     
,fif?ly1 ,x is a ,key1 to discov] !     
,nature ( ,bodies4 ,six?ly1 ,to discov] 
_! ,use1 & ! ,mann] ( _! ,m$ic9al       
,op]ation4                              
,,in/ance ,i4  ,,fir/1 ,to r5d] all     
,bodies ,sociable or ,m+leable3 z ,wat] 
) ,oyl1 ,salt ) ,_s1 & ! l4 ,= ,natural 
& ,artificial ,mixture1 are ! same2 z we
 h be=e prov$4  ,*4 #c4 4 #ah4  ,if     
!re=e ,nature c d x1 z we see 9 !       
,g5]ation ( ,bodies %e do?1 'tis        
likewise 9 ! ,p[] ( ,art to d x4  #b4 4 
,& = ! do+ ( x1 two g5]al ,rules result 
f ! ,premisses1 sc4 ,! ,application (   
,causes1 & ! ,*oice ( ,mat]ials4 ,z = ! 
,causes1 !y are su* z ,i h n[ in/anc'd  
94  ,*4 #d4  ,& = ! ,application ( !m1  
,i %all give ^! two ,rules4  #c4 4      
,fir/1 ,t we tread 9 ,natures /eps z ne>
 z we c2 n only 9 ! ,application ( su* a
 ,cause1 z may be mo/ prop] = su* a     
,mixture2 b also 9 all[+ x suffici5t "t 
= its effect4 ,= s we see ,nature h]    
self1 = h] m p]fect ,mixtures1 usually  

do?4 ,%e make? n a ,fl[]1 or an ,apple1 
a ,horse1 or a ,man1 9 a mom5t2 b all   
?+s by degrees2 & = h] m p]fect &       
elaborate ,mixtures1 = ! mo/ "p1 %e     
require? m "t4 ,because all su*         
,mixtures are made & c>ri'd on p] m9ima2
 & !re=e require a great] "t = !        
compleat+ ( !m4  #d4 4 ,a second ,rule  
is1 ,n only to make a due ,application (
 ! ,causes2 b sometimes to ,accumulate  
!m4 ,by :i* means1 we may n only1       
imitate ,nature1 b 9 "s cases g beyond  
h]4 ,= z by add+ a ,graft or ,bud to !  
,/ock1 we may produce ,fruit soon]1 &   
sometimes bett]1 ?an ,nature by ! ,/ock 
alone w\ld d3 ,s "h1 by accumulat+ !    
,causes ( ,mixture1 t is1 by joyn+ two1 
?ree1 or m toge!r2 or by apply+ m 9 "s  
,cases1 :]e ,nature applye? few]2 we may
 be able to make1 if n a m p]fect1 yet a
 f> m spe$y ,mixture1 ?an ,nature do?4  
,z by joyn+ ,compression1 ,heat1 &      
viol5t ,agitation1 & s cont9u+ !m all   
toge!r1 by "s means contriv$ = !        
purpose1 = ! space ( a ,week1 or ,mon?1 

or long]1 )\t cessation4 ,:i* may       
probably produce1 n only /range1 b      
useful ,effects1 9 ! ,solution ( "s1 & !
 ,mixture ( o!r ,bodies4 ,& may s]ve to 
mix su* ,bodies1 z ?r\gh ! small numb] (
 _! congru\s p>ts1 are h>dly m+leable   
any o!r way4 ,agitation be+1 z c>ry+ !  
,key to & fro1 till x hit ! ,lock2 or )9
 ! ,lock1 till x hit ! ,w>ds4  #e4 4    
,secondly1 ,= ! ,*oice ( mat]ials1 if !y
 are n imm$iately1 t is1 ( !mselves1    
m+leable2 we are !n to turn "o ,species 
( ,mixture into a ,rule2  ,*4 #c4 4 #i4 
:i* is1 ,to mix !m by m$iation ( "s     
?ird1 :e!r m simple or comp\nd$ ,body1  
:i* may be congru\s 9 "p to !m bo?3 z   
,sulphur\s ,salts are to ,wat] & ,oyl2 &
 are = t reason m+leable ) ei!r ( !m4   
,or1 ,by any two congru\s ,bodies1 :i*  
are also1 9 "p1 congru\s to two o!rs3 & 
o!r l ways4 ,:]eby ! p>ts ( ,bodies1    
?\gh nev] s het]og5e\s1 may yet be all  
b\nd & lock'd up toge!r4 ,ev5 z tw5ty   
,keys may be unit$1 only by unit+ ! two 
,r+s :]eon !y hang4  #f4 4 ,!           

,consid]ation ( ^! ?+s1 h put me ^u mak+
 sev]al ,exp]im5ts1 = ! m+l+ (          
het]og5e\s ,bodies4 ,i %all give two    
,examples ( ,tryal2 ! "o ^u ,fluid1 !   
o!r ^u consi/5t ,bodies4  #g4 4 ,= !    
fir/1 ,i took ,oyl ( ,anise$s1 & p\r+ x 
^u ano!r ,body2 ,i s ord]'d x1 t x 0    
!reby turn$ into a p]fect milk-:ite     
,balsam1 or ,butyr4 ,by :i* means ! said
 ,oyl became m+leable ) any ,w9y1 or    
,wat]y ,liquor2 easily1 & in/antane\sly 
dissolv+ !re91 9 ! =m ( a ,milk4 ,&     
note1 ,t ?is is done1 )\t ! lea/        
alt]ation ( ! ,smell1 ,ta/1 ,nature1 or 
,op]ation ( ! said ,oyl4 ,by some:at ! l
 means1 n only ,oyl ( ,anise$s1 b any   
o!r /illatiti\s ,oyl1 may be trans=m$   
into a milk-:ite ,butyr2 & 9 l mann] be 
m+l$ ) ,wat] or any o!r ,liquor4 ,:i* is
 ( v>i\s use 9 ,m$ic9e2 & :at ,i f9d    
(t5times v conv5i5t & advantage\s to be 
done4  #h4 4 ,aga91 n only ,fluid b     
consi/5t ,bodies1 :i* ( !mselves w mix  
only ) ,oyl2 by due mixture ) o!r       
,bodies1 may be r5d]'d easily dissoluble

 9 ,wat]2 z may ,ros91 & all res9\s &   
friable ,gums4 ,z also ,wax3 & ?is )\t  
*ang+ mu* ( _! ,color1 ,ta/1 or ,smell4 
,:]e( likewise1 :atsoev] o!rs may d1 !  
,physician may make a manifold ,use4    
,,in/ance ,,ii4  ,,by ,mixture also1 we 
may be taught to ,imitate ! ,productions
 ( ,nature4 ,z to :i*1 f :at we h be=e  
said ( ,mixture1 we may conclude2 ,t !re
 is no ,g5]ation ( ,bodies unorganical1 
b :at is 9 ! ,p[] ( ,mixture to imitate4
 ,z ( ,animals1 to ,imitate ,blood1     
,fat1 ,*yle1 ,spittle1 ,flegm1 ,bile1 c4
 ,( ,vegetables1 to ,imitate a ,milk1   
,mucilage1 ,ros91 ,gum1 or ,salt4 ,(    
,m9]als1 to ,imitate ,vitriol1 ,allom1 &
 o!r ,salts2 z also ,metals1 & ! l4  #b4
 4 ,i d n say1 ,i c d all ?is3 yet if1  
^u good ,premisses1 we c conclude ?is   
possible to be done2 x is "o /ep to !   
do+ ( x4 ,b ,i w also give an ,in/ance (
 some:at t may be done 9 e k9d4 ,&1  #c4
 4 ,fir/1 ,= ! ,imitation ( an ,animal  
,body1 ,i w in/ance 9 ,fat4 ,:i* may be 
made ?us2 ,take ,oyl ,olive1 & p\r x ^u 

high ,_s ( ,nitre4 ,!n dige/ !m = "s    
days4 ,by degrees1 ! ,oyl becomes ( !   
col\r ( ,m>r[2 & at la/1 is congeal$1 or
 h>d5$ into a :ite ,fat or ,butt]1 :i*  
dissolve? only by ! fire1 z t (         
,animals4 ,9 conv]t+ ,oyl ?us into ,fat1
 x is to be not$1 ,t x h>d5s mo/ ^u !   
exhalation ( "s ( ! m ,sulphure\s p>ts (
 ! ,_s ( ,nitre4 ,:i* ,i effect$1 well  
en\gh = my purpose1 by un/opp+ ! glass  
aft] "s "t ( dige/ion2 & s suff]+ ! ,oyl
 to dissolve & ?ick5 div]s times by     
successive heat & cold4 ,h5ce1 ,! true  
,congeal+ ,pr9ciple1 is a ,_s ( ,nitre  
sep>at$ f its ,sulphur4 ,= ! bett] do+  
:]e(1 ! ,a] is a mo/ commodi\s ,m5/ruum 
to ! said ,_s ( ,nitre4 ,:5ce also1 if  
we c\ld procure su* a ,_s ( ,nitre1 we  
might congeal ,wat] 9 ! mid/ ( ,summ]4  
,we might also refrig]ate ,rooms h]e)   
,artificially4 ,& might ,imitate all    
fro/y ,meteors4 ,= ! mak+ ( ,fat1 is b !
 ,durable ,congelation ( ,oyl3 :i* may  
be done )\t fro/1 z ,i h %ew$ h[4  ,h5ce
 also x appe>s1 ,t ,animal ,fat x self1 

is b ! ,curdl+ ( ! ,oyly p>ts ( !       
,blood2 ei!r by "s ( its own ,sal9e     
p>ts2 or by ! ,nitr\s p>ts ( ! ,a] m+l$ 
!re)4  ,h5ce likewise x is1 ,t "s       
,animals1 z ,conies1 & ,fieldf>es1 gr[  
fatt] 9 fro/y wea!r3 ! oily p>ts ( !    
blood1 be+ !n m ?an ord9>ily coagulat$ )
 a great] abundance ( nitr\s p>ts       
receiv$ f ! ,a] into _! bodies4  ,= !   
same reason x is1 ,t ! ,fat (           
,l&-,animals is h>d2 :]eas t ( ,fi%es is
 v s(t1 & runs all to ,oyl1 sc4 ,because
 ! ,wat]1 :]e9 !y live1 & :i* !y h      
in/ead ( brea?1 ha? b v few nitr\s p>ts 
9 x1 9 comp>ison ( :at ! ,a] ha?4  #d4 4
 ,secondly1 ,= ! ,imitation ( a         
,vegetable ,body1 ,i w give ?ree        
,in/ances2 ,9 ,ros91 ,gum1 & a ,lixivial
 ,salt4 ,! fir/ may be made ?us2 ,take  
good ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 & drop x ^u ,oyl (
 ,anise se$s2 & !y w =?) incorporate    
toge!r2 & by degrees1 w h>d5 into a     
p]fect ,ros92 ) ! g5]al & def9+         
,prop]ties ( a truly ,natural ,res9\s   
,gum4 ,be+ n at all dissoluble 9 ,wat]2 

or at lea/1 n any m1 !n any natural     
,ros9 or ,gum3 yet v easily by fire3 z  
also highly inflamable3 & exce$+        
friable4 ,al?\gh ?is ,artificial ,ros91 
be ! result ( two ,liquors1 bo? :i* v   
/rongly affect ! ,s5se3 yet be+ well    
wa%$ f ! un9corporat$ p>ts1 7:i* is to  
be done ) "s c>e7 x ha? sc>ce any ,ta/  
or ,smell4  ,! ,conc5tration ( ^! two   
,liquors1 is likewise s univ]sal2 t !   
,ros9 is n made by ,precipitation1 b    
almo/ a total ,comb9ation ( ! said      
,liquors2 & t ) sc>ce s mu*1 z any      
visible fumes4  #e4 4 ,aga91 ,hav+ tak5 
a c]ta9 ,p[d] & a ,sal9e ,liquor1 & mix$
 !m toge!r 9 a bottle1 & s dige/$ !m =  
"s "t2 ! ,p[d] 0 at la/ transmut$ to a  
p]fect ,oily ,gum2 :i* w also dissolve  
ei!r 9 ,oyl or 9 ,wat]2 9 ! self same   
mann]1 z ,galbanum1 ,ammoniac1 & ! l w  
d4  #f4 4 ,& ,la/ly1 ,a ,lixivial ,salt 
may be imitat$ ?us2 ,take ,nitre1 ,oyl (
 ,vitriol1 & high _s ( ,w9e1 ( ea* a l  
quantity4 ,( ^! ?ree ,bodies1 n any two 
be+ put toge!r1 t is to say nei!r !     

,nitre ) ! ,oyl1 nor ! ,oyl ) ! ,_s1 nor
 ! ,nitre ) ! ,_s1 w make ! lea/        
,ebullition3 yet all ?ree m+l$ toge!r1  
make a v conspicu\s "o4 ,! ,_s ( ,w9e   
be+ z ! ,sulphur2 & s t1 & ! ,nitre     
toge!r1 /&+1 z x 71 9 ! /ead ( an       
,alkalizate1 t is1 a ,sulphuri\s ,salt1 
aga9/ ! ,oyl ( ,vitriol4 ,div]s o!r     
,exp]im5ts may be %ew'n ( ! l ,nature4  
#g4 4 ,9 ! la/ place1 = ! ,imitation ( a
 ,m9]al ,body1 ,i w in/ance 9 two1 sc4  
,nitre & ,m>9e ,salt2 if ,i may h leave 
to reckon !m among/ ,m9]al ,bodies4 ,z =
 ,nitre1 by mix+ ( f\r ,liquors toge!r1 
& !n sett+ !m to %oot2 ,i h obta9$      
,*ry/als ( true & p]fect ,salt2 :i* h _h
 mu* ( a nitr\s ta/2 & w\ld be melt$ ) a
 g5tle ,heat1 z ,nitre is2 & ev5 z      
easily z ,butyr x self3 ,i mean n1 by ! 
addition ( any sort ( ,liquor1 or any   
o!r ,body1 to dissolve x2 b only by !   
fire4  #h4 4 ,& z = a ,sea-,salt1 t ,i  
might ,imitate ,nature = ! mak+ !re(1 ,i
 consid]'d1 ,t ! said ,salt is no?+ else
 b t ( ,animals & ,vegetables1 fre$ f   

its true ,_s & ,sulphur1 & "s ,sal9e    
p>ticles1 specifically ,animal or       
,vegetable1 toge!r ) !m4 ,= bo? ,animal 
& ,vegetable ,bodies be+ cont9ually     
c>ri$ by all ,riv]s into ! ,sea2 & _m   
likewise by %ipwrack1 & div]s o!r ways  
imm]s$ !re93 !y are at la/ corrupt$1 t  
is1 _! ,comp\nd+ p>ts are op5$ &        
resolv$4 ,yet ! ,resolution be+ 9 !     
,wat]1 is n made precipitately1 z x is 9
 ! ,air2 b by degrees1 & v g5tly2 :5ce !
 ,sulphuri\s & o!r ,volatile p>ts1 9 _! 
,avolation1 make n s mu* ha/e1 z to c>ry
 ! m fix$ ,sal9e p>ts along ) !m2 b     
leave? !m beh9d 9 ! ,wat]1 :i* imbibe?  
!m z _! prop] ,m5/ruum4  ,& ! ,imitation
 ( ,nature h]e91 may be p]=m$ ?us2 ,put 
z mu* ( a ,lixivial ,salt z y please1   
into a wide-m\?'d ,bottle1 & ) fair     
,wat] make a /rong ,solution ( x2 s z "s
 "p !re( may rema9 unresolv$ at ! bottom
 ( ! ,bottle4 ,let ! ,bottle /& ?us = ! 
space ( ab\t half or ?ree qu>t]s ( a    
ye>1 all ! "t un/opp$4 ,9 :i* "t1 _m ( !
 ,sulphuri\s & o!r ,volatile p>ts       

gradually fly+ away2 ! top ( ! unresolv$
 ,salt w be incru/ate1 or z x 7 fro/$   
ov]1 ) _m small & h>d ,concretions1 :i*1
 9 _! nature1 are become a true         
,sea-,salt4 ,:]e( !re is a d\ble ,pro(2 
,fir/1 ,9 t mo/ ( ! said ,concretions   
are ( a ,cubical1 or v l ,figure4       
,especially on _! upp] p>ts2 because    
hav+ a fix$ ,body = _! ,basis1 _! "u    
p>ts1 !re=e1 contigu\s !reto1 are less  
regul>4 ,:]eas ! p>ts ( ! ,salt 9 !     
,sea1 be+ environ$ on all sides ) a     
,fluid2 _! ,figure is on all sides      
regul>4 ,secondly1 ,9 t a /rong ,acid   
,_s or ,oyl be+ p\r$ ^u a full body'd   
,solution h]e(2 yet x make? h]e) no     
,ebullition1 :i* is also ! prop]ty (    
,sea-,salt4 ,& ?us mu* = ! m ,g5]al     
,imitation ( ,bodies4                   
,,in/ance ,,iii1  ,,iv4  ,,f ! a=esaid  
,premisses1 & by ! a=esaid ,means1 !re  
is no d\bt to be made1 b t also ! o!r   
s5sible ,qualities ( ,bodies may be     
,imitat$1 z _! ,odors1 & ,ta/s4 ,& t n  
only ! g5]al ones1 z ,fragrant1 or      

,a/r+5t3 b also ^? :i* are specifical & 
prop] to su* a species ( ,bodies4  #b4 4
 ,?us = ,example1 by mix+ ,_s ( ,nitre  
or ,vitriol ) rectifi$ ,oyl ( ,turp5t9e1
 & "s o!r ,vegetable ,oyls1 sev]ally1 & 
9 a due ,proportion & ,"t1 ,i h ,imitat$
 ! ,smells ( div]s ,vegetables2 z (     
,tansy1 ( ,lignum ,rhodium1 & o!rs4 ,&  
,i conclude x feasable1 ,to ,imitate !  
,ta/ or ,smell ( ,musk1 or ,amb]greece1 
or any o!r body 9 ! _w4  #c4 4 ,h5ce    
also we may be ,taught1 ,h[ to ,imitate 
! ,faculties1 z well z o!r ,qualities ( 
,bodies4 ,! reason is1 because ev5 ^! h 
no dep5dance ^u any sub/antial ,=m3 b   
are ! me] result ( ,mixture2 effect$ by 
! same ,causes1 :e!r 9 ,nature or ,art2 
z ,i ?9k ,i h made to appe> 9 ! =ego+   
,idea4  ,id4 4 #ee4  ,*4 #b4 4 #aj4  ,*4
 #c4 4 #aj4  ,& z 9 ! ,premisses ( ?is  
,disc\rse ha? be5 %ew'd4                
,,in/ance ,v4  ,,f :5ce1 aga91 x is     
likewise a ,key to ,discov] ! ,nature ( 
,bodies4 ,= h[ f> soev] we c atta9 to   
,m+le1 or to ,make !m1 we may also "k   

:at !y are4  #b4 4 ,= ,bodies are       
m+leable1 ei!r ( !mselves1 or by "s     
,?ird4 ,z to ^? :i* m+le ( !mselves1 we 
may c]ta9ly conclude1 ,t !re is a       
congruity betwixt !m1 9 "s respect or   
o!r4 ,s ^u v>i\s ,tryals ,i f9d1 ,t     
,ess5tial ,oyls d m easily imbibe an    
,acid1 ?an an ,alkaly4 ,:5ce x is       
evid5t1 ,t !re is "s ,congruity &       
,similitude betwixt ,ess5tial ,oyls1 &  
an ,acid1 :i* !re is n betwixt ! said   
,oyls & an ,alkaly4  #c4 4 ,z to ^? t   
m+le only by "s ?ird2 we may also       
c]ta9ly conclude1 ,t ?\gh ! two extreams
 are unlike2 yet t !y h bo? ( !m "s     
congruity ) t ?ird1 by :i* !y are unit$4
  #d4 4 ,moreov]1 ,we may make a        
,judgm5t f ! mann] or ,degree (         
,mixture4 ,?us ! ,acid ,_s ( ,nitre1 z  
is said1 w coagulate ,oyl-,olive1 & r5d]
 x consi/5t4 ,:5ce x might be ?\ght1 ,t 
any o!r /rong ,acid w d ! l2 & t !re=e1 
!re is no great diff]5ce 9 ! ,nature ( !
 said ,acid ,liquors4 ,b ! contr>y      
h]eunto1 is prov$ by ,exp]im5t4 ,= hav+ 

dige/$ ! same ,oyl 9 ! same mann]1 & = a
 mu* long] "t1 ) /rong ,oyl ( ,sulphur2 
al?\gh x !nce acquir$ "s *ange ( ,col\r1
 yet n any ,consi/5ce4  #e4 4 ,aga91    
,because ! said ,_s ( ,nitre coagulates 
,oyl-,olive2 x might be expect$1 x %\ld 
h ! same effect ^u ,oyl ( ,anise$s2 or1 
at lea/1 t if o!r ,acids w ,coagulate   
,oyl ( ,anise$s1 t ?is %\ld d x be/4 ,b 
,exp]im5t prove? ! contr>y4 ,= ( all ,i 
h try$1 ,oyl ( ,vitriol is ! only ,acid 
t do? x in/antane\sly4 ,oyl ( ,sulphur1 
if v /rong1 w d x2 b n s soon1 nor s mu*
 ,aqua =tis1 & ,_s ( ,salt1 = ! pres5t1 
d n at all t\* x4 ,& ,_s ( ,nitre x self
 w n coagulate x1 "u eight or t5 h\rs at
 lea/4                                  
,,in/ance ,,vi4  ,,la/ly1 & consequ5tly1
 ,x is a ,key ,to ,discov] ! ,m$ic9al   
,use & ,op]ation ( ,bodies4 ,?us1 =     
,example1 by ! ,imitation ( ,ros9s &    
,res9\s ,gums1 we c]ta9ly "k :at all (  
!m are1 & :51 & :]e=e to be us$4 ,= :at 
are ,ma/ick1 ,frank9c5se1 ,olibanum1    
,b5zo91 & o!r l ,ros9s1 or ,res9\s      

,gums1 = _! pr9ciple & pr$om9ant p>ts1 t
 is1 qu ,ros9s2 b ,bodies result+ f     
,natural1 9 l mann]1 z ,i h %ew$1 !y may
 be made to result1 f ,artificial       
,mixture8 ,t is to say1 ! ,ole\s1 &     
,acid p>ts ( ,vegetables1 be+ bo? affus$
 & m+l$ toge!r1 p] m9ima1 9 "s "o sort (
 ,vessels 9 a ,plant1 !y ?us incorporate
 into "o consi/5t & friable ,body1 :i*  
we call ,ros94  #b4 4 ,n[ f h5ce x is1  
,t ! said ,ros9s1 & ,res9\s ,gums2 z    
also ,amb] & ,sulphur = ! same ,reasons2
 are ( s great & effectual ,use aga9/   
mo/ ?9 & salt ,rheums2 sc4 z !y are     
,acidole\s ,bodies4 ,= by _! ,acid p>ts1
 :i* 9 all ^! ,bodies are exce$+ copi\s1
 !y mortifie & refract ^? ,salt ones1   
:i* fe$ ! ,rheum4 ,& by _! ole\s p>ts1 !
 same ,salt ones are also ,imbib$4      
,:5ce1 !y are all1 9 "s degree1         
incorporat$ toge!r2 t is1 ,! ,rheum is  
?ickn$3 :i* is ! desir$ effect4  #c4 4  
,:]eas1 on ! contr>y1 if ! ,c\gh proce$ 
n f a ?91 & specially a ,salt ,rheum1 b 
f a ,visc\s ,flegm2 ! use ( _m o!r      

,bodies :i* are also m ole\s1 & ab\nd n 
s mu* ) an ,acid z ^! d1 especially "s (
 !m1 is m prop]3 su* z ^!1 9 ?is ,case1 
prov+ sometimes n only ineffectual1 b   
prejudicial4 ,s9ce ! v ,cause ( ! said  
,visc\sness ( ,phlegm1 is *iefly "s     
great ,acidity 9 ! ,blood1 or 9 "s o!r  
"p1 z may be prov$ by div]s ,argum5ts4  
#d4 4 ,_m m ,in/ances might be h]eunto  
subjoyn$3 & may h]eaft] be (f]$ to !    
acceptance ( su*1 :o are inquisitive    
into matt]s ( ?is ,nature4 ,if ,i %all n
 h]e9 anticipate1 or reit]ate ! ,?\ghts 
& ,obs]vations1 ( ^? two ,accurate &    
,le>n$ ,p]sons ,dr4 ,willis1 & ,dr4     
,walt] ,ne$ham1 z to :at ! "o ha?       
already publi%$1 & bo? h put u 9        
,expectation (4 ,b ! ,in/ances already  
giv51 are suffici5t to evid5ce :at ,i h 
said4 ,&1 ,i hope1 ?is pres5t ,disc\rse 
to prove1 9 "s measure1 ?us mu*2 ,t     
,exp]im5t1 & ! ,common ,notions ( ,s5se 
are prolifick2 & t no?+ is ,b>r51 b     
,phansie & ,imag9ation4                 
,an ,app5dix to ! prec$5t disc\rse (    

,mixture4   ,,hav+1 9 ! fir/ ,edition ( 
! =ego+ ,disc\rse1  ,*4 #e4 ,in/4 #a4 4 
#h4  made m5tion ( ! prep>ation (       
,ess5tial ,oyls1 s z to become easily   
m+leable ) any unoyly ,liquor4 ,i %all  
"h acqua9t ! ,read]1 ,t ?is may be done1
 by dige/+ any ( ! said ,oyls ) ab\t an 
equal quantity ( ! ,yelk ( an ,egg1 ) a 
v s(t heat1 l t ( ! ,m]idian ,sun 9     
,summ]1 cont9u$ = ! space ( ?ree ,weeks 
or a ,mon?2 & 9 ! mean "t1 to be n[ & !n
 /irr$ a little toge!r4 ,! ,yelk w by   
degrees1 imbibe ! ,oyl1 & at l5g? be    
incorporat$ ) x1 & become a ,balsam1 z  
:ite z ,milk1 easily dissoluble 9 any   
wat]y or w9y ,liquor4  #b4 4 ,i confess1
 t x w be v difficult to prep>e any good
 quantity = use1 ?is way4 ,b ?is be+ a  
suffici5t pro( ( ! possibility ( su* a  
,mixture2 ,i consid]$1 :e!r !           
application ( "s o!r =em5tion$ ,cause ( 
,mixture1 might n supply ! defect ( ?is3
 & h]eupon1 h made sev]al successful    
tryals2 n only = ! mix+ ( ! said ,oyls1 
b likewise ( all sorts ( ,ros9s & ,gums 

) any w9y or wat]y ,liquor1 9 great     
quantities1 9 a %ort "t1 & )\t mu*      
tr\ble4 ,b = ! mix+ ( "s ( !m1 ! ,yelk (
 an ,egg alone w n s]ve1 )\t ! int]v5+ (
 "s o!r sociable ,body1  ,*4 #e4 ,in/4  
#a4 4 #f4  accord+ to "o ( ! ,rules giv5
 9 ! =ego+ ,disc\rse4  #c4 4 ,9 ! same  
,disc\rse1 ^u c]ta9 premises1 ,i h laid 
d[n ?is foll[+ conclusion4  ,*4 #e4 4   
#e4        8---- ,by accumulat+ !       
,causes ( ,mixture1 t is1 by      joyn+ 
two or ?ree or m toge!r2 or by apply+ m 
9      "s cases1 :]e ,nature applye?    
few]2 we may be able to      make1 if n 
a m p]fect1 yet a f> m spe$y ,mixture1  
?an ,nature do?4 ,z by joyn+            
,,compression1 ,heat1 &      viol5t     
,agitation1 & s cont9u+ !m altoge!r1 by 
"s means contriv$ = ! purpose1 = ! space
 ( a      ,week or ,mon?1 or long] )\t  
,cessation4 ,:i* may      probably      
produce1 n only /range1 b useful        
effects1 9      ! ,,solution ( "s1 & !  
,mixture ( o!r ,bodies40  #d4 4 ,= !    
pro( :]e(1 & t ,i _h ?r\ghly weigh$ :at 

,i h said1 ,mr4 ,papp9 ha? s9ce giv5 u  
an +5i\s ,in/ance1 9 8 new ,dige/]4 ,:i*
 is1 a ,balneum ,m>i clausum3 all       
,infusions & ,dige/ions made ) ,d\ble   
,vessels1 hav+ hi!rto be5 made ) ! out] 
,vessel1 op54 ,s t :]eas by ! old way ( 
,dige/ion1 !re is no o!r ,p[] made use (
 b t ( ,heat3 9 ?is way1 t also (       
,compression is joyn$ !re)4             
,,exp]im5ts                             
,,9                                     
,,consort                               
,,( ,,!                                 
,,luctation                    ,aris+ f 
! ,affusion ( sev]al                    
,,m5/ruums                              
,^u all sorts (                         
,,bodies1              ,exhibit$ to !   
,royal ,society1 ,april #ac4 &          
,june #a4 #afgf4  ,,! int5t ( ! foll[+  
,exp]im5ts is two-fold4 ,! "o1 to be z a
 ,demon/ration ( ! ,tru? ( "o1 among/   
o!r ,propositions1 laid d[n 9 ! prec$5t 
,disc\rse ( ,mixture1  ,*4 #e4 ,in/4 #e4
  sc4 ,t x w\ld be a ,key to let u      

easily into ! k ( ! ,nature ( ,bodies4  
,! o!r1 & t consequ5tly1 ,to be z a     
,specim5 ( a ,natural ,hi/ory ( !       
,mat]ia ,m$ica3 t is to say1 a          
multif>i\s ,scrut9y into ! intr9sick    
,prop]ties ( all ^? ,mat]ials1 :i* h    
be51 or may be us$ 9 ,m$ic9e3 = !       
p]=mance :]e(1 ! foll[+ ,me?od is       
exhibit$ z "o1 among/ o!rs1 necess>y to 
be insi/$ ^u4 ,= :at ,dom9ion a ,pr9ce  
ha? ov] ! ,moral1 t a ,physician ha?1 z 
"o ( ,god ,almighty's ,vice-,roys1 ov] !
 ,corporeal ,_w4 ,:om !re=e no?+ c m    
import1 ?an a p>ticul> k ( ! ,g5ius (   
all 8 ,subjects1 ^? sev]al ,tribes (    
,matt]1 suppos$ to be "u 8 ,comm&4  ,!re
 are "s kn[n ,obs]vations ( ?is nature3 
b !re is no ,au?or1 ,i ?9k1 :o ha? giv5 
u a ,sy/eme ( ,exp]im5ts ^u ! ,subject3 
,! p]=mance :]e( is "h int5d$4  ,!      
,exp]im5ts may seem too num]\s to be (  
"o make4 ,b no less a numb] w\ld h      
answ]$ ! design ( an ,univ]sal ,survey2 
:i*1 ?\gh less pleas+1 proves ! m       
in/ructive 9 ! end3 n be+ l angl+ ) a   

s+le ,hook2 b l ca/+ a ,net aga9/ a     
%ole3 ) assurance ( draw+ up some?+4    
,besides ! advantage ( comp>+ _m toge!r2
 :i* be+ ?us joyn$1 d (t5times1 l       
,figures1 signifie t5 times m1 !n /&+   
alone1 !y w\ld h done4  ,h[ f> !        
,coroll>ies all along subjoyn$ h made   
?is good1 is left to ! ,read] to judge4 
,& also1 to add to !m1 s _m m1 z he     
pleases3 = ,i make my own ,?\ghts no    
mans ,measure4                          
,,*ap4 ,i4    ,:at is g5]ally to be     
obs]v$ ^u ! ,affusion ( !      ,m5/ruum2
 & :at1 p>ticul>ly ( ,vegetable ,bodies4
   ,,! ,bodies :]eupon ,i made tryal1 7 
( all k9ds1 ,animal1 ,vegetable1 &      
,m9]al4 ,among/ ,vegetables1 su* z ^!1  
scil4 ,date-/ones1 ,g+]1 ,colocyn?is1   
,pyre?rum1 ,haw?orn-/ones1 ,/aphisagria1
 ,euphorbium1 ! ,ar5ul 9 ,pe>s1 ,sem5   
,milii ,solis1 ,t>t>1 ,_s (             
,scurvygrass1 ,_s ( ,w9e1 c4  #b4 4     
,among/ ,m9]als1 sev]al sorts ( ,e>?s1  
,/ones1 ,ores1 ,metals1 ,sulphurs1 &    
,salts4  #c4 4 ,among/ ,animals2 su* z  

^!1 scil4 ,hairs1 ,ho(s1 ,horns1 ,%ells1
 & %elly ,insects1 ,bones1 ,fle%1 & !   
sev]al ,visc]a1 ,silk1 ,blood1 ,:ites & 
,yelks ( ,eggs1 ,sp]ma ,ceti1 ,civet1   
,musk1 ,ca/or1 ,gall1 ,ur9e1 ,dungs1    
animal ,salts & ,/ones4  #d4 4 ,!       
,liquors :i* ,i p\r$ h]eupon sev]ally1 7
 ^!1 sc4 ,_s ( ,salt ,armoniac1 ,_s (   
,h>ts-,horn1 ,_s ( ,nitre1 ,aqua =tis1  
,oyl ( ,salt1 ,oyl ( ,sulphur1 & ,oyl ( 
,vitriol2 commonly s call$4  #e4 4 ,9 ! 
,mixture ( ^! ,bodies1 two ?+s1 9 g5]al1
 are all along to be obs]v$1 viz4 ,fir/1
 :i* !y are1 t make any1 or no          
,luctation4 ,=1 z "s :i* seem to promise
 x1 make none3 ,s1 _m1 contr>y to       
expectation1 make a consid]able "o4  #f4
 4 ,next1 ! mann] :]e9 ! ,luctation is  
made2 be+ ) mu* v>iety 9 ^! five s5sible
 ,effects4 #a4 ,bullition2 :5 ! ,bodies 
mix$ produce only a c]ta9 quantity (    
fro? or bubbles4 #b4 ,elevation2 :51 l  
,pa/e 9 bak+1 or ,b>m 9 ! work+ ( ,be]1 
!y swell & huff up4 #c4 ,crepitation2   
:51 !y make a k9d ( hiss+ & sometimes a 

crackl+ noise4 #d4 ,eff]vesc5ce2 !n only
 & prop]ly s call$1 :5 !y produce "s    
degree ( heat4 #e4 ,exhalation2 :5 n    
only fumes1 b visible /eams are produc$4
  #g4 4 ,( all ^!1 sometimes "o only    
happ5s1 sometimes two or m are          
concomitant4 ,sometimes ! ,luctation    
beg9s pres5tly ^u mixture1 & sometimes n
 till aft] "s int]mission4 ,9 "s bodies1
 x cont9ues a great :ile2 9 o!rs1 is    
almo/ in/antane\s3 ,examples ( all :i*  
,i %all n[ produce2 beg9n+ )            
,vegetables1 z af=d+ ! lea/ v>iety4  #h4
 4 ,& fir/1 if we take ,_s or ,oyl (    
,salt1 ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 ,_s ( ,nitre1 or
 ,aqua =tis1 & p\r !m sev]ally ^u !     
sev]al p>ts ( ,vegetables1 z ,roots1    
,woods1 ,/ones1 c4 we %all f9d1 t !y    
are1 g5]ally f> less apt to make a      
,luctation1 ?an ei!r ,animal1 or        
subt]raneal ,bodies4 ,:5ce1 z f "o      
argum5t1 x seeme? evid5t1 ,t 9 mo/      
,vegetables1 & 9 mo/ ( _! p>ts1 !       
pr$om9ant ,salt is an ,acid4 ,b t1 on ! 
contr>y1 ! pr$om9ant ,salt 9 mo/        

,m9]als1 & p>ts ( ,animals1 is an       
,alkaly3 9 ! =m]1 usually a fix$2 9 !   
latt]1 a volatile ,alkaly4  #i4 4 ,aga91
 al?\gh ! ,luctation :i* mo/            
,vegetables1 & mo/ ( _! p>ts make )     
,acids1 be b small1 yet "s !y make2     
especially ) "s ,acids1 z ) ,_s ( ,nitre
 & ,aqua =tis4 ,:5ce x seeme? pla91 ,t  
!re is an ,alkal9e ,salt exi/5t 9 _m    
,vegetables1 ev5 9 _! natural e/ate2 & t
 x is n made ,alkal9e1 b only ,lixivial1
 by ! fire4 ,or1 !re is "s quantity ( a 
,salt1 call x :at we w1 9 ! said        
,bodies1 :i* is s f> diff]5t f an ,acid1
 z to make a ,luctation !re)4 ,b to give
 p>ticul> in/ances ( ! sev]al           
proportions1 or mann] ( ,mixture1 :]e9 x
 appe>s to be 9 sev]al ,plants4  #aj4 4 
,& fir/1 ( all vegetable ,bodies1       
,date-/ones are among/ ! lea/ apt to    
make a ,luctation ) ,acids1 if !y may be
 said to make any at all4 ,h5ce !y are n
 s pot5t ,nephriticks1 z _m o!r ,/ones1 
:i* make a m s5sible ,luctation4  #aa4 4
 ,g+] makes a small ,bullition ) ,aqua  

=tis1 only obs]vable by a ,glass4 ,h5ce 
! pung5cy ( ,g+] lye? 9 a sulphure\s &  
volatile ,salt1 :i* yet is v little     
,alkalizate4  #ab4 4 ,scurvygrass-se$s  
make a v small ,bullition ) ,aqua =tis1 
l t ( ,g+]4 ,s do? also ! ,se$ (        
,purslane4 ,h5ce1 al?\gh !re is mu* m ( 
a c]ta9 k9d ( volatile ,salt 9 ,g+] or  
,scurvygrass1 ?an 9 ,purslane2 yet !re  
is little m ( an ,alkaly 9 any "o1 ?an 9
 an o!r4  #ac4 4 ,! ,pulp ( ,colocyn?is1
 ,fruit-,/ones1 ! /ony ,cov]s ( ! ,se$s 
( ,eld]1 ( :ite ,bryony1 ( ,violets1 &  
o!rs1 ) ,aqua =tis make a ,bullition j  
p]ceivable )\t a ,glass4 ,h5ce x appe>s1
 ,t ! great ,ca?>tick p[] ( ,colocyn?is 
lie? n s mu* 9 an ,alkaly1 z an ,acid2 z
 mak+ a mu* less ,bullition1 ?an "s o!r 
vegetable ,bodies1 :i* are less         
,ca?>tick4 ,= :i* reason likewise x is1 
,t ! be/ ,correctors1 or ,refractors ( !
 =ce ( ,colocyn?is1 are "s k9ds (       
,alkalies1 z p>ticul>ly t ( ,ur9e1 z    
,riv]ius ha? some:]e obs]v$4  #ad4 4 ,! 
,root ( ,pyre?rum1 ) ,aqua =tis1 makes a

 ,bullition & huff1 9 a %ort "t4 ,h5ce1 
! ,cause ( a durable ,heat1 ^u !        
,tongue1 is an ,alkalizate ,sulphur4 ,= 
! ,heat ( ,g+]1 ?\gh great]2 yet abide? 
no?+ ne> s long z t ( ,pyre?rum2 :i*1 z 
is said1 make? also a m s5sible         
,bullition ) ,acids4  #ae4 4            
,k]mes-b]ries1 commonly1 b ignorantly1 s
 call$1 ) ! said ,liquor1 huff up to an 
equal height1 b 9 a some:at long] "t4   
,h5ce !y are g5tly a/r+5t2 scil4 z _!   
,alkaly b9ds 9 ) "s pret]natural ,acid 9
 ! /oma*4  #af4 4 ,haw?orn-/ones1 )     
,aqua =tis1 huff up equally ) ! =m]     
,body2 b ! ,bullition is n s visible4 ,!
 life is also obs]vable ( ,m$l>-/ones4  
,h5ce1 z !y conta9 a middle quantity (  
an ,alkaly1 !y are n insignificantly us$
 aga9/ ! ,/one4  #ag4 4 ,se$s (         
,/aphisagria1 ) ,aqua =tis1 make a      
,bullition /ill m visible4 ,b x quickly 
ends4 ,?is confirms :at 0 said be=e1 sc4
 ,t ! cause ( a durable ,heat is an     
,alkal9e ,sulphur2 ^! ,se$s produc+ a   
durable ,heat1 z do? ! ,root (          

,pyre?rum4  #ah4 4 ,! ,se$s also ( r$   
,roses1 ,borage1 & ,comfrey d all )     
,aqua =tis make a consid]able ,bullition
 & huff2 & t v quickly4 ,s t among/ all 
,%ells & ,/ones1 ^? g5]ally make !      
greate/ ,bullition1 :i* are ! h>de/ & ! 
brittle/1 & s ! fulle/ ( ,salt4  #ai4 4 
,euphorbium makes a ,bullition yet m    
consid]able1 ) mu* fro?1 & v quickly4 ,f
 :i* ,exp]im5t1 comp>$ ) two ( ! =m]1 x 
appe>s1 ,t ,euphorbium is n an ,acid1 b 
an ,alkal9e ,gum4 ,z also1 t ! cause (  
its s v durable ,heat1 is an alkal9e    
,sulphur1 z ( ,pyre?rum & ,/aphisagria  
ha? be5 said4 ,x seems also h5ce evid5t1
 t ! p[] ( all great ,/]nutatories lye? 
n 9 _! ,acid1 b _! ,alkalies4  #bj4 4 ,!
 ,ar5ul or little /ones 9 ,pe>s1 clu/]'d
 r\nd ab\t ! ,co>1 ) ,aqua =tis1        
pres5tly huff up1 & make a great        
,bullition & ,eff]vesc5ce1 mu* great]   
?an d any ( ! ,bodies above-nam$4 ,:5ce1
 al?\gh1 s f> z ,i "k1 !y h nev] yet be5
 us$ 9 ,m$ic9e2 yet x is probable1 t !y 
are a m pot5t & effectual ,nephritick1  

?an any ( ! ,bodies a=said1 "s ( :i* are
 usually prescrib$4 ,x is h5ce also     
manife/1 ,t1 accord+ to :at ,i h else:]e
 said1  ,anat4 ( ,plants1 ,b4 #a4 ,*4   
#f4  = ! sweetn+ ( ! ,fruit & ,se$1 !   
,t>t>e\s & ,alkal9e p>ts ( ! ,sap1 are  
precipitat$ into _! ,/ones1 /ony p>ts1 &
 ,%ells4  #ba4 4 ,! la/ ,in/ance %all be
 9 ! %ells ( ! ,se$s ( ,milium ,solis2  
:i* n only ) ,aqua =tis1 b "s o!r       
,acids1 make a great] & quick]          
,bullition & ,eff]vesc5ce1 ?an any o!r  
vegetable ,body1 ^u :i* ,i h yet made   
tryal1 9 its natural e/ate4 ,h5ce1 z    
well z f div]s ( ! la/ =e-go+ ,in/ances1
 we h a cle> confirmation ( :at ,i h1   
t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( ?is ,disc\rse1 affect$2
 sc4 ,t !re is "s k9d ( ,alkal9e ,salt 9
 ,plants1 ev5 9 _! natural e/ate4 ,z    
also1 t !y are z significantly us$ aga9/
 ! ,/one1 quat5us alkalizate1 z         
,millip$es1 ,egg-%ells1 or any o!r      
te/ace\s ,bodies ( ! same /r5g?4 ,to ^! 
,i %all subjoyn "o or two ,examples (   
,vegetable ,bodies :i* are m or less    

alt]$ f _! natural e/ate4  #bb4 4 ,nei!r
 ,cry/als ( ,t>t>1 nor ,t>t> x self     
7al?\gh !y h "s /ore ( alkal9e mix$ ) _!
 acid p>ts7 make any ,eff]vesc5ce )     
,acids1 b only ) ,alkalites1 z ,_s (    
,h>ts-,horn1 c4 ,h5ce ! calcul\s s$im5t 
or ,ar5ul 9 ,ur9e1 may n s prop]ly be   
call$ ! ,t>t>e\s "p ( ! ,ur9e2 ! ev5ts  
foll[+ ! mixture h]e( ) ! a=esaid       
,salts1 be+ q contr>y2 z w be se5 9 !   
,la/ ,*apt]4  #bc4 4 ,_s ( ,scurvy-grass
 make? no ,luctation ) any ,acid4 ,h5ce 
7z f a =m] ,exp]im5t 0 above-not$7 x    
seems1 ,t !re may be a k9d ( volatile   
,salt1 :i* is nei!r acid1 nor alkal9e2  
su* z ?is ( ,scurvygrass & o!r l ,plants
 seems to be3 yet contr>y to an acid2 z 
exp]i5ce %ews 9 _! efficacy aga9/ ! acid
 ,scurvy4  #bd4 4 ,rectifi$ ,_s ( ,w9e1 
bo? ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 & ) ,oil ( ,vitriol1
 sev]ally1 make? a little ,luctation4   
,:i* argues1 t !re is conta9$1 ev5 9 ?is
 ,_s1 "s portion ( a volatile ,alkaly4  
#be4 4 ,_s ( ,w9e1 & d\ble ,aqua =tis1 z
 ! /ronge/ is call$1 make an eff]vesc5ce

 s vehem5t1 z pla9ly to boil4  #bf4 4   
,besides ! vehem5cy h]e(1 !re is ano!r  
surpriz+ circum/ance4 ,= :]eas all o!r  
,liquors :i* make an ,eff]vesc5ce       
toge!r1 w d x 9 any proportion assign$1 
al?\gh b "o drop to a ?\s&3 ^! two1 sc4 
rectifi$ ,_s ( ,w9e & ,aqua =tis1       
require a c]ta9 proportion ! "o to !    
o!r4 ,= if1 suppose1 into six drops (   
,_s ( ,w9e y put b two or ?ree ( ,aqua  
=tis1 !y /ir no m ?an if y put 9 s mu*  
,wat]3 b drop 9 ab\t sev5 or eight drops
 ( ,aqua =tis1 & !y pres5tly boil up ) v
 great vehem5cy4 ,h5ce we may conceive !
 reason ( ! sudd5 access ( an acute     
,disease1 & ( its ,crisis4 ,^! n beg9n+ 
gradually ) ! ,cause2 b !n1 :5 ! ,cause 
is arriv$ unto su* an 1 or su* a c]ta9  
,proportion1 z is necess>y to br+       
,nature to ! conte/4 ,& ^! may s]ve =   
,examples ^u ,vegetables4               
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                     ,:at   
may be obs]v$ ( ,,m9]als4  ,,hav+ giv5  
sev]al ,in/ances ( tryal ^u ,vegetables2
 ,i next proce$ to ,m9]als1 :i*1 = "s   

ord]s sake1 ,i %all di/ribute into five 
or six sorts1 sc4 ,e>?s1 ,/ones1 ,ores &
 ,metals1 ,sulphurs1 & ,salts4  #b4 4   
,fir/ = ,e>?s4 ,oyl ( ,vitriol ^u       
,full]s ,e>?1 do? n /ir x1 or cause !   
lea/ ,bullition4 ,nor ^u yell[ ,ok]4    
,nor ^u ! ,ok] :i* falls f gre5         
,vitriol4 ,! same ,oyl ( ,vitriol & ,_s 
( ,h>ts-,horn p\r$ sev]ally ^u ,bolus   
,arm5a ( two k9ds1 & ^u "o k9d ( ,t]ra  
sigillata1 /ir none ( !m4 ,h5ce ,bolus's
 are ! ,b$s1 or z x 71 ! ,mat]ia prima1 
bo? ( opac\s ,/ones1 & ,metals2 into :i*
 ! said ,bolus's are transmut$1 by be+  
conc5tr$ ) div]s k9ds ( ,salts &        
,sulphurs1 :i* successively fl[ 9 ^u !m4
  #c4 4 ,aqua =tis1 & ,oyl ( ,vitriol   
be+ p\r$ sev]ally ^u ano!r seal$ ,e>?1  
:i* 0 v5d$ by ! "n ( ,t]ra ,lemnia2 !y  
bo? made a v consid]able ,eff]vesc5ce   
h]e)4 ,:5ce x appe>s1 ,t !re is no small
 diff]5ce 9 ! nature1 & !re=e ! op]ation
 ( ,bolus ,arm5a & ,t]ra ,lemnia4 ,z    
also1 betwixt ! seal$ ,e>?s !mselves1 "o
 mak+ a great ,eff]vesc5ce1 ano!r none  

at all4 ,:]eto ^? t use !m1 are to h    
reg>d4  #d4 4 ,next = ,/ones4 ,& fir/1  
,iri% ,slat1 ) ,_s ( ,h>ts-horn1 make? a
 small1 yet visible ,bullition3 & x     
pres5tly cease?4 ,s t x seems to be no?+
 else b a ,vitriolick ,bole4 ,z is also 
argu$ f its ta/e1 :i* is pla9ly acid1 & 
some:at r\gh4 ,:5ce also x is ) good    
reason giv5 ^u any inw>d ,bruises4      
,because by coagulat+ ! ,blood1 x       
prohibits its too copi\s afflux into !  
affect$ "p4 ,yet be+ b g5tly a/r+5t1 & s
 ! ,coagulations x makes1 n great2 !y   
are likewise well en\gh c>ri$ (f f !    
same "p 9 ! ,circulation2 by bo? :i*    
means an ,inflammation may be ei!r      
prev5t$1 or ! bett] ov]-rul$4  #e4 4    
,lapis ,hmatites make? no ,eff]vesc5ce  
at all ei!r ) ,alkalies or ,acids4  #f4 
4 ,p[d] ( ! gre5 "p ( a ,magnet ) ,oyl (
 ,vitriol make? "s few bubbles1 yet n   
visible )\t a ,glass4 ,b ! p[d] ( !     
black "p ( a ,magnet1 :i* is ! said /one
 fully p]fect1 /irre? n ) any acid4     
,nei!r do? ! calc9$ ,magnet4 ,h5ce !re  

is "s consid]able diff]5ce betwixt ,iron
 & ! ,magnet4  #g4 4 ,lapis ,lazuli1 )  
,oil ( ,vitriol1 & especially ) ,_s (   
,nitre1 make? a conspicu\s ,bullition4  
,h5ce its ,ca?>tick virtue lye? 9 an    
,alkaly4 ,= :i* reason x is also        
appropriate1 9 l mann] z ,/eel1 to !    
cure ( ,hypo*ondriacal ,affections2     
orig9at$ f "s k9d ( f]m5t+ ,acid4  #h4 4
 ,o/eocolla1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre make? yet a 
great] ,eff]vesc5ce4 ,h[ x comes to be s
 great a knitt] ( brok5 ,bones1 z x is  
reput$1 is obscure4 ,x seeme?1 t ^u its 
solution by a ,nitr\s ,acid 9 ! body2 x 
is precipitat$ ^u ! brok5 "p1 & s       
becomes a k9d ( ,cem5t !reto4  #i4 4    
,lapis ,tu?i1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 make? an  
,eff]vesc5ce mu* alike4 ,& ) ,oyl (     
,vitriol v consid]ably4 ,b ,lapis       
,calam9>is ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol gr[s />k2 z
 ! p[d] ( ,alaba/] do? ) wat]4 ,) ,_s ( 
,nitre x make? a little ,bullition1 &   
quickly4 ,b ) ,aqua =tis1 a great "o2   
beyond any ( ! ,/ones above nam$4 ,h5ce 
bo? ,tutty & ,calamy are ,oph?almicks f 

_! ,alkaly4 ,:i* is also confirm$1 f !  
efficacy ( "s ,alkalies ( ! l use4 ,h5ce
 also ,calamy seeme? to p>take some:at (
 ! nature ( ,silv]3 z by tryal made ^u t
 also1 w h]eaft] bett] appe>4  #aj4 4   
,*alk & ,oil ( ,sulphur or ,vitriol make
 z /rong an ,eff]vesc5ce z any ( ! re/4 
,:5ce x is sometimes well us$ aga9/ a   
,c>dialgia4  #aa4 4 ,:it+ makes z great 
an ,eff]vesc5ce z ,*alk4 ,s t x seems ! 
sal9e p>ts are n wa%$ away ) ! wat]1    
:]e9 ! ,*alk1 = ! mak+ ( ,:it+1 is      
dissolv$4  #ab4 4 ,talk w n /ir 9 ! lea/
 ei!r ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 or ,oyl (         
,vitriol4 ,b ! ,lead-,sp> make? a       
consid]able ,eff]vesc5ce ) bo? ( !m     
sev]ally4 ,h5ce1 h[ev] ?is be also call$
 ,engli% ,talk1 yet !re is no small     
diff]5ce betwixt ?is1 & true ,talk4     
#ac4 4 ,to ^! ,/ones may be add$        
petrifi$ bodies4 ,z petrifi$ wood2 :i*  
7t ^u :i* ,i made tryal7 no acid /irre? 
9 ! lea/4 ,petrifi$ %ells2 ^u f\r or    
five sev]al sorts :]e(1 ,oyl ( ,vitriol 
be+ p\r$1 produce? a great ,eff]vesc5ce4

 ,! ,root or r\gh] "p ( ! /one call$    
,glossopetra1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 makes a   
conspicu\s ,bullition4 ,a/]ia1 ! ,/one s
 call$1 & f\nd 9 "s places 9 ,engl&1 )  
,oyl ( ,vitriol1 make? an ,eff]vesc5ce  
at ! same degree4 ,s do? ! ,belemnites1 
or ,?und]-,/one1 bo? ! l>g] & ! less]   
k9ds4 ,s t none ( ^! are acid1 or       
vitriolick1 b alkalizate ,/ones4  #ad4 4
 ,coral9e1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 makes a   
conspicu\s ,bullition1 yet mild & g5tle2
 t is1 ) v little1 if any heat1 & )\t   
any visible ,fumes4 ,& r$ & :ite ,coral 
d ! l4 ,h5ce !y are all ( a v g5tle     
op]ation1 & fit = ,*ildr51 z ! case     
requires4  #ae4 4 ,magi/]y ( ,coral     
7prep>$ ! ord9>y way7 /irre? n 9 ! lea/1
 ei!r ) ,alkalies or ,acids4 ,:5ce x is 
evid5t1 ,t its active ,pr9ciples are 9  
its prep>ation de/roy$ & wa%$ away3 t is
 to say1 ,x is an elaborate ,m$ic9e good
 = no?+4 ,& ?us f> ( ,/ones4  #af4 4 ,i 
next come to ,metals & ,ores4 ,& fir/ = 
,lead2 ^u :i* ,_s ( ,salt1 ,_s ( ,nitre1
 or ,aqua =tis be+ dropp$1 x /irre? n 9 

! lea/ ) any ( !m3 b ) ,oyl ( ,sulphur1 
& especially ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol x make? a
 sl[ ,bullition & fro?4 ,h5ce x seeme?  
to be ! mo/ alkalizate ,metal4 ,:i* is  
also confirm$ by a =ego+ ,exp]im5t ^u ! 
,lead-,sp>1 :i* make? a consid]able     
,eff]vesc5ce ) any sort ( acid4 ,& :i*  
likewise1 be+ calc9$1 yielde? a good    
quantity ( ,lixivial ,salt4  #ag4 4     
,lead-,ore /irre? n at all ) ,aqua =tis 
or ,oil ( ,vitriol4 ,b ,_s ( ,salt makes
 x bubble1 & ,_s ( ,nitre makes x boil4 
,h5ce !re is a consid]able diff]5ce     
betwixt ! p]fect ,metal & ! ,ore4  #ah4 
4 ,burnt ,lead & r$ ,lead1 make a v     
small ,bullition ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 )   
,_s ( ,nitre a f> great]4  #ai4 4       
,m]cury1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 w n /ir1 nor
 ) ,oyl ( ,sulphur4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre   
pres5tly boyls up4 ,h5ce ,m]cury is a   
subacid ,metal2 ,_s ( ,nitre be+ a      
subalkal9e ,acid4  #bj4 4 ,! fil+s (    
,iron or ,/eel1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 make 
a fair ,bullition1 l t ( ,m9ium4 ,b ,_s 
( ,nitre makes !m boil ) mu* cel]ity4   

,h5ce ,iron is likewise a subacid       
,metal4  #ba4 4 ,/eel prep>$ ) ,sulphur 
make? a f> less ,eff]vesc5ce ) ! same   
,_s ( ,nitre1 ?an d ! fil+s4 ,h5ce !re  
is a great diff]5ce 9 _! /r5g?4 ,s t t5 
gra9s ( ! fil+s unprep>$1 w g z f> z    
fifte5 gra9s or m ( ^? :i* are prep>$1 z
 above-said4 ,yet 9 "s cases ! weak] &  
mild] may be ! bett]4  #bb4 4 ,!re is "o
 ,circum/ance 9 ! mixture ( ,/eel &     
,aqua =tis1 :i* is surpriz+2 & t is ?is1
 ,t /rong ,aqua =tis1 dropp$ ^u ,/eel1 w
 n1 ( x self1 make ! lea/ ,bullition3 b 
if h]eto y only add a drop or two (     
,wat]1 !y pres5tly boil up ) v great    
vehem5cy4 ,! ,cause is obscure2 yet x is
 well kn[n1 t ,wat] x self w dissolve   
,iron3 s t x appe>s1 z well by ?is1 z by
 "s o!r ,exp]im5ts1 t ev5 9 common      
,wat]1 z mild z x is1 !re is "s k9d (   
corrosive ,pr9ciple4  #bc4 4 ,antimony )
 ,_s ( ,nitre1 & ,aqua =tis sev]ally1   
make? an ,eff]vesc5ce2 some:at l[] ?an  
,iron4 ,) ,oil ( ,vitriol ! ,bullition  
is s small1 z difficulty to be p]ceiv$ )

 a ,glass4 ,h5ce x seeme? to be ( a v   
comp\nd$ nature2 if ,i may s call x1 a  
subacid-alkal9e ,metal4  #bd4 4         
,antimonium ,diaphoreticum1 ) ,_s (     
,nitre & ,oil ( ,vitriol sev]ally1 makes
 a consid]able ,eff]vesc5ce4 ,:]e=e x is
 n an useless ,prep>ation2 z f !        
,calc9ation & ,ablution us$ !re91 "s h  
?\ght4  #be4 4 ,bezo>dicum ,m9]ale1 7t  
^u :i* ,i made tryal7 /irre? n at all   
ei!r ) ,alkalies or ,acids4 ,to :i*1 let
 ^? :o make use ( x1 h reg>d4  #bf4 4   
,t91 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 makes s hot &      
vehem5t an ,eff]vesc5ce1 t x turns      
pres5tly1 z x 71 into a ,coal4 ,x makes 
also a fair ,bullition ) ,oyl (         
,vitriol4 ,& a g5tle "o ) ,_s ( ,salt4  
,:]e=e1 x ha? some?+ ( ! nature bo? (   
,iron1 ,lead1 & ,copp]4  #bg4 4 ,! l    
rem>kable circum/ance is se5 9 ! mixture
 ( ,aqua =tis ) ,t91 z ) ,iron4 ,= ,t9 &
 /rong ,aqua =tis ( !mselves w n /ir2 b 
add a few drops ( wat] to !m1 & !y boyl 
up ) ! greate/ vehem5cy4  #bh4 4 ,copp]1
 ) ,_s ( ,salt1 & ,oyl ( ,vitriol       

sev]ally1 /irs n at all4 ,_s ( ,nitre1 &
 ,aqua =tis1 bo? boil x up vehem5tly4   
,nei!r ,_s ( ,h>ts-horn1 nor _s ( ,salt 
,armoniac make? any ,bullition !re)4 ,b 
bo? ( !m1 by a g5tle solution1 t is1    
g5tly sep>at+ its ,sulphur f its ,salts1
 turn x blue4 ,h5ce ,copp] ha? a great] 
proportion ( acid ?an any ( ! =em5tion$ 
,metals4  #bi4 4 ,silv]1 nei!r ) ,_s (  
,salt1 nor ,oyl ( ,vitriol makes any    
,bullition4 ,) ,_s ( ,nitre x makes "o1 
b 'tis soon ov]3 & !n cont9ues to       
dissolve sl[ly into :ite ,coagulations4 
,x also make? ) ,_s ( ,h>ts-horn1 or (  
,salt ,armoniac1 a full & deep blue4    
,h5ce !re is a great] proportion ( acid 
9 ,silv]1 ?an 9 ,lead1 ,m]cury1 ,iron1  
,antimony1 ,t91 or ,copp]4  #cj4 4      
,li?>ge ( ,silv] make? ! greate/        
,eff]vesc5ce ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol4 ,yet "s 
) ,_s ( ,nitre4 ,& ) ,_s ( ,salt        
,armoniac make? "s little huff or       
elevation4 ,& be+ mix$ ) ,_s ( ,nitre & 
,_s ( ,salt ,armoniac bo? toge!r1       
produce? a fa9t blue4 ,h5ce1 al?\gh ! f>

 great] "p ( ?is ,li?>ge be b ,lead2    
yet1 x seems1 x ha? "s small mixture (  
,silv]4 ,b t ( ,gold seeme?1 = contr>y  
reasons1 n to h any ,gold4  #ca4 4 ,gold
 make? no ,eff]vesc5ce ) any s+le ,salt 
,i "k (4 ,b x is commonly dissolv$ )    
,aqua ,regis1 :i* is kn[n to be an      
alkal9e ,liquor4 ,:5ce x seeme?1 ,t z   
,lead is ! mo/ alkalizate1 s ,gold ! mo/
 acid ( ,metals4  #cb4 4 ,^! ?+s        
consid]$1 & o!r obs]vations add$        
h]eunto1 may possibly give "s           
directions1 n only = ! ord]+ & us+1 b   
ev5 = ! mak+1 imitat+ & transmut+ (     
,metals4 ,?us f> ( ,metals4  #cc4 4 ,i w
 next give "o or two ,in/ances ( tryal  
^u ,sulphurs4 ,& fir/ ,sulphur vive1 )  
,aqua =tis1 make? an app>5t ,bullition1 
b x is "s "t1 be=e x beg9s4 ,b !        
factiti\s or common ,brim/one1 make?    
sc>ce any1 if any at all4 ,s t !re is no
 small diff]5ce betwixt !m4  #cd4 4     
,:ite & yell[ ,ars5ick make no          
,bullition ei!r ) ,alkalies or ,acids4  
,:]e=e ! /r5g? ( its op]ation on !      

,body1 lies m 9 a ,sulphur ?an a ,salt2 
or 9 a ,salt dr[n$ 9 its ,sulphur4  #ce4
 4 ,! a%es ei!r ( ,pit-,coal1 or        
,sea-,coal1 make no ,eff]vesc5ce )      
,alkalies or ,acids4 ,:5ce ! sal9e      
,pr9ciple is altoge!r volatile1 &       
sublim$ away by ! fire4  #cf4 4 ,la/ly =
 ,salts4 ,& fir/ ( all1 ,borax make? no 
,eff]vesc5ce nor any ,fumes ) ,oyl (    
,vitriol or ,_s ( ,nitre4  #cg4 4 ,oyl (
 ,vitriol & ,nitre make fumes or /eams1 
?\gh no ,eff]vesc5ce4  #ch4 4 ,gre5     
,vitriol1 ) ,_s ( ,h>ts-,horn1 is       
sc>cely mov$4 ,:ite ,vitriol1 ) ! same  
,_s1 make? a conspicu\s huff4 ,& ,roman 
,vitriol a vehem5t ,eff]vesc5ce4 ,:5ce !
 =m] is ! lea/ acid1 & ! latt] ! mo/ (  
all4 ,:i* also confirms :at ,i said be=e
 ( ! l natures ( ! sev]al ,metals to :i*
 !y belong4  #ci4 4 ,salt ( ,vitriol1   
?\gh a fix$ ,salt1 & made by            
,calc9ation1 yet make? no ,eff]vesc5ce )
 ! /ronge/ acid2 b only ) ,alkalies2 z  
may be se5 ^u _! mixture1 b mu* bett]   
he>d by hold+ ! mixture to ones e>4     

,h5ce1 !re are fix$ ,acids4 ,:i* fur!r  
confirms :at ,i h above ass]t$ conc]n+ !
 nature ( ,gold1 sc4 ,t ! pr$om9ant     
,salt !re( is a fix$ ,acid4  #dj4 4 ,sal
 ,m>tis1 ) ,_s ( ,h>ts-horn1 make? a    
consid]able huff4 ,h5ce x is mu* m acid 
?an gre5 ,vitriol2 & is !re=e a cool]   
body4  #da4 4 ,alum & ,_s ( ,h>ts-horn  
make a pla9 ,eff]vesc5ce4  #db4 4       
,sac*>um ,saturni1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1   
/irs n at all4 ,) ,_s ( ,salt1 huffs a  
little4 ,) ,_s ( ,nitre mu* m4 ,h5ce !  
acid ( ! ,v9eg>1 & n ! ,alkaly ( !      
,lead1 is ! pr$om9ant ,pr9ciple4  #dc4 4
 ,common ,salt /irs nei!r ) ,_s ( ,salt1
 nor ) ,_s ( ,nitre2 nor ) ,aqua =tis4  
,b ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol x make? a great    
,eff]vesc5ce ) noise & /eams4 ,h5ce1 ev5
 common ,salt1 ?\gh x be n reckon$      
among/ alkal9e ,salts1 yet is f> ne>] 9 
nature to t1 ?an to an acid4 ,h5ce also 
! ,_s ( ,salt is a subalkal9e ,acid1 & (
 a v diff]5t nature f ,oyl ( ,sulphur or
 ,vitriol4  #dd4 4 ,salt ,armoniac1 )   
,_s ( ,nitre1 /irre? n4 ,b ) ,oyl (     

,vitriol x make? a great ,eff]vesc5ce4  
,h5ce ,_s ( ,nitre is a subalkalizate   
,_s4  #de4 4 ,oyl ( ,vitriol & ,_s (    
,nitre1 ?\gh bo? acids1 yet make a great
 smoak2 great] ?an t :i* ! ,_s make? ( x
 self4 ,:i* confirms ! la/ prec$5t      
,coroll>y4  #df4 4 ,oyl ( ,vitriol & ,_s
 ( ,salt1 ?\gh bo? acids1 yet make a    
/rong ,eff]vesc5ce1 ) noise & fumes4    
,:i* fur!r confirms1 :at 0 not$ be=e1   
sc4 t ,_s ( ,salt is a subalkal9e ,acid4
  #dg4 4 ,_s ( ,salt ,armoniac1 ) ,oyl (
 ,vitriol1 makes an ,eff]vesc5ce s      
extraord9>y quick1 & z x 7 in/antane\s1 
t no?+ seeme? quick]4 ,:5ce x is        
probable1 ,t if ,gun-p[d] 7 made ( ,salt
 ,armoniac1 in/ead ( ,nitre1 or ) bo?   
mix$ toge!r2 x w\ld be f> /rong]1 ?an   
any k9d n[ 9 use4 ,& ?us f> = ,m9]als4  
#dh4 4 ,i h only "o ,coroll>y to add1 f 
! :ole2 :i* is1 ,t :oev] do? und]take ! 
,natural ,hi/ory ( a ,c\ntry1 7su* z t !
 ,le>n$ ,dr4 ,plot ha? exce$+ly well    
done ( ,ox=d%ire7 ! =ego+ ,me?od1 seeme?
 s easie1 *eap1 & indeceitful1 = ! f9d+ 

out & well di/+ui%+ ! natures ( all k9ds
 ( ,metalls1 ,ores1 ,salts1 ,e>?s1      
,/ones1 or o!r subt]raneal ,bodies2 z   
_c1 ,i ?9k1 be supply'd1 b by o!rs (    
great] difficulty & exp5ce4             
,,*ap4 ,,iii4               ,:at may be 
obs]v$ ( ! ,,p>ts ( ,animals4  ,i ,,n[  
proce$ to ! sev]al ,p>ts ( ,animals2 z  
,hairs1 ,ho(s1 ,horns1 ,%ells & %elly   
,insects1 ,bones1 ,fle% & ! sev]al      
,visc]a1 ,silk1 ,blood1 ,eggs1 ,musk1   
,ca/or1 ,gall1 ,ur9e1 ,dungs1 ,salts &  
,/ones4  #b4 4 ,& fir/ ( all1 ! ,hair ( 
a mans head1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 make? no
 ,bullition at all4 ,nor yet ) ,_s (    
,nitre4 ,s t al?\gh x conta9s a good    
deal ( volatile ,salt2 yet x seeme? ei!r
 n to be alkal9e1 or else is c5tr$ 9 s  
great a quantity ( ,oyl1 t ! acid       
m5/ruum _c rea* x4  #c4  ,h>es ,fur1 )  
_s ( ,nitre1 make?1 al?\gh a %ort1 yet v
 pla9 ,bullition & huff4 ,h5ce ! ,hair1 
& !re=e ! ,blood1 ( "s ,animals1 is     
full] ( ,salt1 at lea/ ( an ,alkal9e    
,salt1 ?an t ( "s o!rs4 ,& p]haps !     

,hair ( "s m51 z ( ,black's1 may be s   
full ( ,salt1 z to make a ,bullition l  
,h>es ,fur4  #d4 4 ,! %av+s ( ,nails /ir
 n at all1 ei!r ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 or   
,_s ( ,nitre3 only ) ! latt] !y turn    
yell[4 ,b ,elks ,claws1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 
make a small & sl[ ,bullition4  #e4 4   
,horses ,ho(1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 /irs n 
( _m h\rs4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 all[+ x "s
 "t1 makes a v pla9 ,bullition1 & huffs 
up v high4  #f4 4 ,c[s ,horn1 nei!r )   
,oyl ( ,vitriol1 nor ) ,_s ( ,nitre1    
make? any ,bullition1 only turne? a     
yell[ col\r4  #g4 4 ,rams ,horn /irs n )
 ,oyl ( ,vitriol2 b ) ,_s ( ,nitre1     
makes a small & sl[ ,bullition4  #h4 4  
,h>ts-,horn makes a consid]able         
,bullition & huff1 ev5 ) ,oyl (         
,vitriol1 :i* ! re/ ( ! ,bodies         
abovesaid1 w n d4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 x  
makes yet a great]4 ,f ! =ego+          
,exp]im5ts1 & almo/ all t foll[1 :at is 
be=e ass]t$ ( ! ,salts ( ,vegetables &  
,m9]als1 is "h also evid5t conc]n+ t (  
,animals1 scil4 ,t x is n made1 b only  

sep>at$ by ! fire4 ,x likewise h5ce     
appe>s1 ,t ! proportion ( ,salt 9 !     
=em5tion$ p>ts is v diff]5t2 & t !re=e  
"s ( !m are nev]1 & none ( !m b ) good  
discretion1 to be sub/itut$ "o = ano!r 9
 ,m$ic9e4 ,z also1 t !re is a diff]5t   
proportion ( ,salt 9 ! sev]al ,animals  
!mselves1 to :i* ! said ,p>ts belong4   
#i4 4 ,next = %ells2 z ^? ( ,lob/]s1    
,eggs1 ,snails & ,oi/]s3 all :i* make an
 ,eff]vesc5ce1 bo? ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 & 
,_s ( ,nitre4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre !       
greate/4 ,lob/]-%ells make a consid]able
 ,bullition & huff1 b no noise nor      
/eams4 ,egg-%ells make a ,bullition &   
huff1 ) "s noise1 b no /eams4           
,snail-%ells make an ,eff]vesc5ce )     
noise & /eams4 ,oy/]-%ells make "o ) !  
grate/ noise & ?icke/ /eams4 ,h5ce we   
may judge1 9 :at case to adm9i/] "o m   
appositely ?an ano!r4 ,z also 9 :at     
proportion1 accord+ to _! diff]5t /r5g?4
 ,"s may be bett] = ,*ildr51 z be+      
mild]4 ,or = a ,body ^: v %>p ,blood or 
o!r ,humors1 are m easily k9dl$ into    

,f]m5ts4 ,or else may be safe/1 to avoid
 a sudd5 precipitation ( ! ,humors2 or =
 "s o!r cause4  #aj4 4 ,oy/]-%ells1 & ! 
re/ above-said1 make a quick]           
,eff]vesc5ce1 n only ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 b  
ev5 ) ,_s ( ,salt1 ?an !y d ) ,oyl (    
,sulphur1 or ,oyl ( ,vitriol4 ,s t ^!   
bodies1 z well z ,metals1 h _! prop]    
,m5/ruums :]eby !y are be dissolv$4     
#aa4 4 ,egg-%ells calc9$1 make ) ,oyl ( 
,sulphur1 or ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 or ,_s (  
,nitre1 a great] ,eff]vesc5ce1 ?an :5   
uncalc9$4 ,z also ) /eams1 :i* uncalc9$1
 !y produce n4 ,! l is se5 9 calc9$     
,oy/]-%ells4 ,& ! long] ! ,calc9ation is
 cont9u$1 ! quick] & /rong] w be !      
,eff]vesc5ce4 ,?is ,i try$ at sev]al    
t]ms1 f a qu>t] ( an h\r1 to five h\rs4 
,s t aft] s long a ,calc9ation1 !y make 
an ,eff]vesc5ce almo/ in/antane\s4 ,!   
reason h]e( is1 ,because ! sev]al       
,pr9ciples :]e( ! ,%ells consi/1 be+    
relax$1 & ! ,sulphur = ! greate/ "p1    
driv5 away by ! fire2 ! rema9+ ,salt    
lies n[ m op5 & nak$ to ! attaque ( !   

,m5/ruum1 s soon z ev] !y are mix$      
toge!r4 ,f h5ce x is pla91 ,t           
,egg-%ells1 & ! o!rs above-said1 be+    
burnt1 are f> /rong] ,m$ic9es1 ?an :5   
unburnt4 ,x is h]eby likewise evid5t1 ,t
 a great portion ( _! ,salt1 is n a     
volatile1 b a fix$ ,alkaly4 ,to ^! may  
be subjoyn$ all k9ds ( %elly ,insects4  
,i w in/ance 9 ?ree or f\r4  #ab4 4 ,&  
fir/ ,bees1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 /ir n 9 !
 lea/4 ,) ,_s ( ,nitre !y make an exce$+
 small ,bullition1 )\t any elevation4   
#ac4 4 ,co*9ele 7! ,ne/ ( an ,insect7   
makes "s ,bullition ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 b
 v small3 = ! bubbles are n to be se5   
)\t a ,glass4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre !       
,bullition is m visible1 & joyn$ ) "s   
elevation4  #ad4 4 ,can?>ides make no   
visible ,bullition ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol4 ,b
 ) ,_s ( ,nitre !y d1 & huff up r m ?an 
,co*9ele4 ,yet is ?is done v sl[ly1 &   
comp>atively ) _m o!r bodies1 is n mu*4 
,h5ce x is n ! quantity1 b ! quality (  
_! volatile ,salt1 :i* makes !m s /rong 
an ,epispa/ick4 ,= mo/ ( ^? ,bodies     

above1 & h]eaft] nam$1 make a great]    
,bullition1 & yet are nei!r ,cau/ick nor
 ,epispa/ick 9 ! lea/4 ,x is h5ce also  
evid5t1 z ha? be5 be=e sugge/$1 ,t !re  
are div]s k9ds ( ,volatile ,salts1      
em95tly diff]5t2 "s be+ highly alkal9e1 
o!rs v little1 & "s sc>ce any ?+ s3 su* 
z ^? ( ,scurvy-grass1 ,anemone1         
,cr[foot1 & _m ! l ,plants2 to ^:       
,salts1 ?is ( ,can?>ides seeme? to be v 
ne> ( k94  #ae4 4 ,millep$es make a     
,bullition & huff1 mu* great] & quick]1 
?an any ( ! ,insects above-nam$3 & t bo?
 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 & ,oyl ( ,vitriol x    
self4 ,yet is ?is ,insect ( a v temp]ate
 nature4 ,:]eby is fur!r demon/rat$1 ,t 
! be+ simply alkal9e1 is n en\gh to make
 a body to be ,cau/ick4  #af4 4 ,aga91  
al?\gh ,millep$es make a ,bullition1    
great] ?an any ( ! ,insects above nam$3 
yet is x mu* less1 ?an t ( ,oy/]1       
,snail1 or ev5 ,egg-%ells2 & ( div]s o!r
 bodies above1 & h]eaft] m5tion$4 ,h5ce1
 be+ giv5 to ! same int5t1 z any ( ^?   
bodies2 x is ! milde/ & g5tle/ 9 its    

op]ation ( !m all4  #ag4 4 ,millep$es   
likewise calc9$1 makes a /rong]         
,eff]vesc5ce1 ?an :5 uncalc9$1 z d !    
,oy/]-%ells1 c4 ,s t x appe>s1 ,t all   
,te/ace\s ,salts1 are at lea/ 9 "p1 fix$
 ,salts4  #ah4 4 ,i next proce$ to      
,bones4 ,& fir/ ,:ale-bone make? no     
,bullition at all ) any acid4 ,a        
,c>tilage1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 makes "s v   
small bubbles1 n to be se5 )\t a ,glass4
  #ai4 4 ,! ,bone 9 ! ,?roat ( a ,c>p1  
makes a little & sl[ ,bullition ) ,_s ( 
,nitre4 ,! ,sp9a ( a ,fi% 7t :i* ,i us$ 
0 ( a ,cod-fi%7 make? a ,bullition "o   
degree high]4  #bj4 4 ,all sorts (      
,tee?1 z ,dogs1 ,bo>s1 ! ,sea-horse1    
,elephant1 make ! l4 ,z also ! ,bone (  
an ,oxes he>t4 ,s t all ^! are v g5tle 9
 _! op]ation1 & fit = ,*ildr54  #ba4 4  
,%eeps & ,calves ,bones bo? ( !m make a 
,bullition yet a little high]1          
especially ) ,_s ( ,nitre4 ,cocks ,bones
 some:at high] ?an ! =m]4 ,cranium      
humanum a little high] ?an all ! re/4   
#bb4 4 ,bones likewise1 be+ calc9$1 make

 a ,bullition ) ,acids4 ,& s do? also   
calc9$ ,h>ts-,horn4 ,b 9 nei!r ( !m1 is 
! ,bullition advanc$ by ,calc9ation1 any
 ?+ comp>able to :at x is 9 %ells4 ,:5ce
 x appe>s1 ,t ! ,salt ( ,horns & ,bones1
 is mu* m volatile1 ?an t ( ,%ells4     
#bc4 4 ,next = ,fle% & ! sev]al ,visc]a4
 ,& fir/1 dry$ & p[d]$ ,mutton1 ) ,oil (
 ,vitriol1 /irs n at all4 ,b ) ,_s (    
,nitre makes a small ,bullition & huff4 
,%eeps ,he>t do? ! l some:at m app>5tly4
 ,vip]s fle% produce? a fro?1 b huffs n1
 ,p[d]$ ,e>?sworms make a great fro?1 & 
huff a little4 ,p[d]$ ,tripe makes only 
a little ,bullition4 ,lamb-/ones d ! l4 
,kidney1 ,sple51 & ,liv]1 ) "s          
elevation4 ,lungs1 ) bubbles v l>ge2    
because extraord9>y sl[ly4 ,dry$ ,bra9  
makes also a little & sl[ ,bullition4   
,h5ce !re is a great] proportion (      
,sulphur or ,oyl1 & less ( an ,alkaly 9 
all ^! p>ts1 ?an !re is 9 ,bones1       
,%ells1 & div]s o!r p>ts h]eaft]        
m5tion$4 ,& 9 "s ( !m1 z 9 ! ,bra91 t   
,alkal9e ,salt :i* !re is1 may r be     

lodg$ 9 "s sangu9e\s p>ts mix$ ) !m1 ?an
 9 _! own prop] sub/ance4  #bd4 4 ,i    
proce$ to in/ance 9 all sorts ( ,animal 
,cont5ts4 ,& fir/1 raw ,silk1 ) ,_s (   
,nitre1 makes a v small ,bullition1 b ! 
elevation is consid]able4  #be4 4 ,!    
grum\s "p ( ! ,blood dry$1 ) ,oyl (     
,vitriol1 /irs b little4 ,b ) ,_s (     
,nitre x huffs up consid]ably4  #bf4 4  
,s]um ( ,blood dry$1 ) ! same ,_s makes 
a pla9 elevation1 ) a little ,bullition4
 ,h]e) may be reckon$ ! ,:ite ( an ,egg1
 :i* is no?+ b a pure ,cry/lall9e ,s]um 
sep>at$ f ! common /ock4 ,?is be+ dry$1 
) ,_s ( ,nitre1 huffs up r m ?an ev5 !  
grum\s "p ( ! ,blood1 ! ,bubbles are mu*
 l>g]1 break (tn]1 & ! elevation soon]  
made4 ,:5ce x seeme?1 t !re is a great] 
quantity ( a volatile ,alkaly 9         
proportion to ! ,sulphur1 requisite to !
 ,g5]ation1 ?an to ! ,nutrition ( an    
,animal4  #bg4 4 ,! ,yelk ( an ,egg is  
sc>ce mov$ ) _s ( ,nitre1 produc+ only a
 v few ,bubbles4 ,! ,salt be+ ei!r      
little alkalizate1 or else imm]s$ 9 s   

great a quantity ( ,oyl1 t ! ,m5/ruum _c
 rea* x4 ,= ! same reason ,sp]ma ,ceti  
/irs n ) any ,acid4 ,nei!r do? ,civet4  
#bh4 4 ,russian ,ca/or1 ) ,oyl (        
,vitriol1 /irs n4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre     
makes a consid]able huff & fro?4 ,yet x 
requires "t4 ,:]e=e x seeme?1 ,t ,ca/or 
by virtue ( its alkal9e sulphur1 becomes
 s good a ,corrector ( ! acid-alkal9e   
sulphur ( ,opium2 s ,i take leave to    
call x1 hav+ "s reasons to believe x    
su*4  #bi4 4 ,musk1 ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol1  
/irs n4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre x makes a     
consid]able & quick ,bullition1 ) l>ge  
bubbles1 :i* (t5 break & rise aga94     
,:5ce !re is a v em95t diff]5ce betwixt 
,musk & ,civet4 ,h5ce also1 ,musk is    
,cordial1 n only f its ,sulphur1 b its  
,alkaly2 by bo? directly opposite to    
pret]natural ,acidities4  #cj4 4 ,dry$  
,gall ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 = "s "t1 is /ill3 
b at l5g? x makes a consid]able         
,bullition & fro?4 ,! reason :y x is s  
long be=e x beg9s1 is because ! ,salt1  
7z 0 obs]v$ ( "s o!r ,p>ts7 is lock$ up 

9 s great a quantity ( ,oyl4 ,!         
abundance :]e( is manife/1 n only f     
,de/illation1 b also f h5ce1 ,9 t ! dry$
 ,p[d]1 9 ly+ by1 incorporate? all      
toge!r into "o body1 z ,mirrh1 & "s o!r 
s(t] & oily ,gums are us$ to d4  #ca4 4 
,extract ( ,ur9e1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 makes 
a ,bullition ) "s ,eff]vesc5ce1 :i*     
cont9ues = a consid]able "t2 & at la/ x 
huffs up ) great bubbles4 ,! ,bullition 
beg9s pres5tly3 ! ,salt be+ copi\s1 & ! 
,oyl b little4  #cb4 4 ,! same ,extract 
( ,ur9e makes a consid]able ,bullition &
 fro?1 n only ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 b ev5 )   
,oyl ( ,vitriol4 ,h5ce ! ,salt ( ,ur9e  
is m alkal9e ?an t 9 mo/ ( ! a=e-said   
,cont5ts4 ,f ?is & "s ( ! foll[+        
,exp]im5ts1 x also appe>s1 ,t ! ,salt   
:i* concurs to ! g5]ation ( ,gravel or (
 a ,/one 9 ! ,kidneys or ,bladd]1 is ( a
 v diff]5t nature f ! ,salt ( ,ur9e4    
#cc4 4 ,next = ,dungs4 ,& fir/1 dry$    
,goats-dung makes ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 a     
small ,bullition1 b no elevation4 ,t (  
,mice ! l4 ,& t ( ,c[s4 ,s t ( all ,i h 

try$1 ^! ?ree /ir ! lea/4  #cd4 4       
,goose-dung1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 makes a v  
small ,bullition & "s elevation4 ,b x   
requires "t4 ,oyl ( ,vitriol /irs x n4  
#ce4 4 ,album ,grcum1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1   
besides innum]able small bubbles1 rises 
up ) "s great ones1 exactly resembl+ !  
huff+ up ( ,ye/ or ,b>m4 ,also ) ,oyl ( 
,vitriol x make? "s little fro?1 b      
sl[ly4 ,s t x %\ld seem1 t ! ,bones are 
a little op5$ by "s acid ,m5/ruum 9 !   
,dogs /oma* 7z ! body ( ,/eel is 9 its  
prep>ation ) ,sulphur7 :]eby x becomes a
 good mild ,topick 9 ,qu9zies4  #cf4 4  
,h5s dung1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 makes a v    
great bullition & huff3 great] & quick]1
 ?an any ( ! re/ above-nam$4  #cg4 4 ,b 
( all ,i h try$1 ,pigeons dung1 ) ! same
 ,_s1 make? ! greate/ & ! quicke/       
,eff]vesc5ce & huff2 & t n )\t /eams4   
,yet nei!r ! same ,dung1 nor t ( ,h5s1  
is mov$ 9 ! lea/ ) ,oyl ( ,vitriol4 ,!  
,cause ( s great an ,eff]vesc5ce 9 ^!1 m
 ?an 9 ! re/1 is t :ite "p :i* is "h    
mix$ 9 a great quantity ) ! ,dung4 ,:i* 

:ite "p1 desc5de? n f ! ,/oma*1 b is an 
,excrem5t sep>at$ f ! ,blood 7z ! ,ur9e 
9 o!r ,animals7 by a peculi> ,organ1 :i*
 evacuates x into ! ,inte/9um rectum2   
:5ce1 toge!r ) ! ,/]cus x is exclud$4   
,h5ce x is evid5t1 ,t 9 ! said :ite "p (
 ,h5s1 & especially ,pigeons dung1 is   
conta9$ a great quantity ( a volatile   
,alkaly4  #ch4 4 ,i proce$ to ,salts4 ,&
 fir/ ,salt ( ,blood & ,ur9e bo? make a 
m durable ,eff]vesc5ce ) ,acids1 ?an do?
 ,salt ( ,wormwood1 or ,salt ( ,f]n4    
,h5ce ! =m] are m alkal9e1 ?an ! latt]4 
#ci4 4 ,aga91 ?\gh div]s o!r ,animal    
,salts w n /ir ) ,_s ( ,salt1 or ) ,oyl 
( ,sulphur or ,vitriol2 yet ! ,salt (   
,blood w make an ,eff]vesc5ce ) all k9ds
 ( ,acids4 ,:5ce x is fur!r argu$ to be 
highly alkal9e1 & v prop] = !           
correction1 ( all sorts ( pret]natural  
,acids 9 ! body4 ,!re is little d\bt1 b 
t ,_s ( ,h>ts-horn w d ! l4  #dj4 4 ,!  
,gravel :i* is precipitat$ out ( ,ur9e2 
) ,oyl ( ,vitriol makes no bullition 9 !
 lea/4 ,nor ) /rong ,_s ( ,salt4 ,b )   

,_s ( ,nitre1 x makes a v great "o1 )   
,eff]vesc5ce & /eams4 ,f h5ce x appe>s1 
,t !re is mu* diff]5ce to be made 9 !   
use ( acid ,diureticks1 ,nephriticks1 c4
  #da4 4 ,& t ,i may n altoge!r omit to 
m5tion1 :at may be s mu* = ! good (     
mank9d1 ,i d "h decl>e1 ,t = prev5t+ 7,i
 say n1 ! break+1 b prev5t+7 ! g5]ation 
( ! ,/one1 ei!r 9 ! ,kidneys1 or 9 !    
,bladd]1 !re are n bett] ,m$ic9es 9 !   
_w1 ?an "s c]ta9 ,prep>ations ( ,nitre1 
duly adm9i/r$4 ,:oev] %all ?9k t any k9d
 ( acid1 z ,oyl ( ,sulphur1 ,oyl (      
,vitriol1 ,_s ( ,salt1 or ! l1 w h !    
same effects1 w f9d !mselves mu* deceiv$
 9 _! practice4  #db4 4 ,i conclude )   
,/ones4 ,& fir/1 ,_s ( ,nitre drop$ ^u a
 ,/one ( ! ,kidneys or ,bladd]1 produce?
 ! v same effect1 z ^u ! ,gravel 9      
,ur9e4 ,t is to say1 x makes x boil &   
huff up1 until at l5g? x is p]fectly    
dissolv$ into a s(t ,pulp2 :i* nei!r    
,oyl ( ,sulphur1 nor ,oyl ( ,vitriol1   
nor ,_s ( ,salt w d2 nor give ! lea/ t\*
 t[>ds its dissolution4 ,?is confirms   

:at said be=e ( ! use ( ,nitre & ,nitr\s
 ,spirits1 if duly prep>$ & adm9i/r$1   
above any o!r ,acids1 aga9/ ! bre$+ ( ! 
,/one4  #dc4 4 ,pe>ls1 ) any ,acid1 make
 ! l ,eff]vesc5ce1 z d ,oy/]-%ells4 ,b  
,magi/]y ( ,pe>ls1 z usually prep>$1    
/irs n at all1 ) any ,alkaly or ,acid4  
,s t z to ! effect frequ5tly int5d$ by  
x1 x is v insignificant2 z ( t ( ,corals
 ha? be5 said4  #dd4 4 ,crabs ,eyes1 )  
any ,acid1 make an ,eff]vesc5ce1 almo/ z
 quick z t ( ,oy/]-%ells4  #de4 4 ,crabs
 ,eyes likewise calc9$1 make a /rong]   
,eff]vesc5ce1 ?an :5 uncalc9$4 ,s t ^!1 
z well z ,%ells1 conta9 a fix$ ,alkaly4 
#df4 4 ,! ,/ones 9 ,:it+s heads make a  
/rong ,eff]vesc5ce l t ( ,oy/]-%ells4   
#dg4 4 ,/one ( humane ,gall1 ,/irs n )  
,oyl ( ,vitriol4 ,b ) ,_s ( ,nitre make?
 a little bullition j ^u mix+1 & aft] a 
consid]able "t1 a little fro?4 ,mu* less
 ?an :at 0 obs]v$ be=e ( ! ,gall x self4
 ,s t x seeme? to be g5]at$ ( ! ,gall   
coagulat$ by "s ,acid1 :i* ha? already  
refract$ ! ,alkaly :]e) ! ,gall ab\nds4 

,?is confirms ! use ( ^? ,m$ic9es 9 !   
,jaundies1 or any o!r bord]+ ,disease1  
:i* de/roys ^? ,acidities by :i* ! ,gall
 is curdl$ or coagulat$1 & s r5dr$ m    
difficulty sep>able into ! ,guts4  #dh4 
4 ,s9ce ! fir/ publi%+ ( ^!             
,obs]vations1 ,mr4 ,william ,mat!ws an  
,apo!c>y 9 ,l$bury1 s5t me "p1 z ,i take
 x1 ( a ,/oma*-/one1 z big z a ,wallnut 
( ! l>ge/ ,size1 void$ by a woman ab\t  
#hb ye>s ( age1 sometime aft] an ,autumn
 ,fev]4 ,x consi/e? ( ! same ,/ri1 z !  
,bezo> ,/one2 & make? "s ,bullition )   
,_s ( ,nitre4  #di4 4 ,bezo>1 nei!r !   
,we/]n nor ! ,ea/]n1 do? /ir at all )   
,oyl ( ,vitriol4  #ej4 4 ,we/]n ,bezo>1 
) ,_s ( ,nitre1 makes a v little ?9     
fro?1 & t's all2 & t x do? v sl[ly4 ,b  
,ori5tal ,bezo>1 ) ,_s ( ,nitre1 aft] "s
 "t1 make? a v great ,eff]vesc5ce1 fro?1
 elevation1 noise1 & /eams 7z if y p\r$ 
,oyl ( ,vitriol ^u ,salt ( ,t>t>7 till x
 be :olly dissolv$ by ! affus$ ,_s1 &   
turn$ into almo/ a blood-r$4 ,h5ce x may
 seem to be no mean ,rem$y aga9/ su*    

frett+ & v55ate acids1 z (t5times 9     
,fev]s1 & o!r ,di/emp]s1 lye ab\t !     
,/oma*1 & are !nce frequ5tly translat$  
to ! ,he>t1 ,bra91 ,n]ves1 & o!r p>ts4  
,! diff]5ce likewise betwixt ! ,we/]n & 
! ,ea/]n ,bezo>1 is s great1 t 9 any    
case ( dang]1 & :]e ! ,bezo> is rely$   
^u1 x is an unp>donable fault1 = !      
,apo!c>y1 or any ,p]son1 to sub/itute ! 
"o = ! o!r3 unless he w take t5 times z 
mu*1 or t5 times z little ( ! "o1 z he  
w\ld h done ( ! o!r3 if t w s]ve turn4  
#ea4 4 ,! ,/ones already m5tion$1       
7except ! great ,/oma*-/one7 are        
ord9>ily g5]at$ 9 ! bodies ( ,animals4  
,i h "o ,in/ance m ( "s o!r ,/ones :i*  
are extraord9>y4 ,9 ! ,city ( ,h]e=d    
lives a ,maid1 :o (t5 voids ^! ,/ones1 &
 9 ! space ( "s ye>s la/ pa/1 ha? void$ 
sev]al p\nds1 ( sev]al ,col\rs & ,sizes1
 n only p] vias ur9>ias1 b also by      
vomit1 & by /ool4 ,! fir/ m5tion made to
 me ( !m1 0 by ,mr4 ,diggs1 a wor?y     
,g5tleman ( t ,city1 z a ?+ t 0 !re mu* 
wondr$ at4 ,& "s ( !m1 ^u my desire1 7  

s5t me by ,mr4 ,well+ton1 an ,apo!c>y 9 
! same place4 ,i h try$ :at sev]al acid 
,m5/ruums w "w ^u !m2 & f9d1 ,t ) ,oyl (
 ,vitriol1 & especially ) ,_s ( ,nitre !
 great ones make a v quick & conspicu\s 
,eff]vesc5ce4 ,b ! small ones1 nei!r !  
:ite1 nor ! grey1 make any ,bullition 9 
! lea/3 = 9 tru?1 !y are no o!r b little
 ,pebbles & ,grit-/ones4  #eb4 4 ,?is   
be+ consid]d1 & ! v>i\s col\rs & mixture
 ( any "o ( ! great ,/ones1 be+ well    
obs]v$2 x seeme? pla91 ,t al?\gh %e be  
some:at old 7above ?irty ye>s7 yet may  
%e h a k9d ( 1 or diseas$ ,appetite to  
,/ones1 ,bones1 ,wood-a%es1             
,tobacco-,pipes1 ,*alk1 & su* l ?+s2 :i*
 sometimes swall[+ 9 little lumps1      
sometimes grosly1 or f9ely gr\nd betwixt
 h] tee?2 !y are 9 h] ,/oma* & ,b[els1 m
 or few] ( !m1 cem5t$ toge!r1 ei!r ) a  
pituit\s1 bili\s1 or "s o!r m or less   
glut9\s sub/ance4 ,& t by virtue also ( 
! said ,cem5t1 or any ( ! said1 or o!r l
 alkalizate ,bodies1 ! great] ,/ones1   
:i* consi/ ( ^? p>tly1 d make an        

,eff]vesc5ce ) acid ,liquors4 ,?us f> ( 
,in/ances ^u ! p>ts ( ,animals4 ,i %all 
close ) "s ,coroll>ies d$uc$ f ! :ole4  
#ec4 4 ,& fir/1 s9ce we f9d1 t among/   
all ! ,m5/ruums we h made use (1 ,_s (  
,nitre1 or any v ,nitr\s ,_s1 is ! mo/  
univ]sal dissolv] ( all k9ds ( ,animal  
,bodies2 ! be/ dissolv] ( _m o!rs bo?   
,vegetable & ,m9]al1 & ! only dissolv] (
 "s3 ,h5ce x is probable1 ,t ! great    
/oma*ick ,m5/ruum1 :i* ei!r dissolves1  
or op5s almo/ all ,bodies :i* come into 
! ,/oma*1 is a k9d ( ,nitr\s ,_s4  #ed4 
4 ,aga91 ,_s ( ,nitre be+ a subalkal9e  
,acid1 & work+ m evid5tly ^u ,animal    
bodies1 ?an o!r simpl] ,acids d1 :i* yet
 are z /rong2 ,x h5ce foll[s1 ,t mo/ ( !
 ,salts ( ,animals are subacid          
,alkalies4 ,h[ f> ?is conclusion may    
fur!r in/ruct u1 ,i %all h occasion to  
%ew 9 ano!r ,disc\rse4  #ee4 4 ,la/ly1  
!re be+ s _m1 say tw5ty or ?irty        
degrees1 f ! sl[e/ to ! mo/ vehem5t1 9 !
 ,bullition ( mix$ ,bodies2 x seeme?1 ,t
 ,f]m5tation x self1 z to ! =mal notion 

( x1 is no?+ else3 or t f ! common      
,luctation ( mix$ ,bodies :]e( we h n[  
be5 speak+1 x diff]s n 9 specie1 b only 
9 ! mann] ( its causation1 & 9 degree3 !
 ,a]1 or "s c]ta9 ,m5/ruum lodg$ !re91  
be+ ( no great] /r5g?1 ?an to produce a 
,bullition or ,luctation ( t l[ & s(t   
degree1 :i* we call ,f]m5tation4  #ef4 4
 ,i h ?us endeav\r$ to prove1 by v>i\s  
,in/ances1 h[ in/ructive ?is mo/ easie1 
pla9 & simple ,me?od 9 ! ,mixture (     
,bodies1 may become to u3 & t me]ly by  
obs]v+ ! ,luctations :i* !nce arise     
betwixt !m4 ,h[ mu* m !n1 if a dilig5t  
rem>que be made ( all ^? v>i\s ,col\rs1 
,smells1 ,ta/es1 ,consi/5cies1 & o!r    
,mutations !reupon em]g5t8              
,,an                                    
,,essay                                 
,,( ,,!                                 
,v>i\s ,proportions                     
,:]e9 !                                 
,,lixivial ,,salt                       
,is f\nd 9                              
,,plants4               ,read be=e !    

,royal ,society1 ,m>*1 #afgf4           
,,*ap4 ,i4               ,( !           
,,quantities af=d$ by sev]al ,plants    
calc9$ 9 gross4  ,,x is ! "p ( a        
,physician1 kn[+ly & artificially to use
 & gov]n ,nature4 ,& !re=e by e likely  
,me?od1 to inspect ! ,/ate & ,prop]ties 
( all sorts ( ,bodies4 ,"o ,me?od1 is t 
,i h tak5 9 ! =ego+ ,exp]im5ts2 sc4 by  
mix+ !m ) sev]al ,m5/ruums or ,liquors3 
:]eby we may be assi/$ to judge1 bo? ( !
 ,k9ds & ! ,proportions ( ,pr9ciples 9  
any ,body2 & ( ! mann] ( _! ,mixture 9 !
 same4  ,ano!r is by ,calc9+ !m2 or1 z x
 71 by mix+ !m ) ! ,fire1 a pot5t &     
almo/ univ]sal ,m5/ruum4 ,i %all "h only
 set d[n "s ,tryals = an ,essay1 ^u     
,plants2 *iefly not+1 ,! diff]5t        
,proportions ( _! ,lixivial ,salts4 ,(  
^! ,tryals1 "s 7 made ^u ! :ole ,plant1 
or "s ,portion ( x :]e9 sev]al ,p>ts are
 mix$ toge!r3 ,& o!rs1 ^u "s "o ,"p ( a 
,plant di/9ct f ! re/4 ,all ( !m answ]+ 
to su* ,qu]ies1 z may seem prop] to be  
propos$4  ,qu]y #a4 ,z fir/1 ,:e!r      

,trees or ,h]bs & ,bu%es1 quantity =    
quantity  ct]is p>ibus1 yield ! mo/     
,lixivial ,salt8  ,= ?is ,i took        
,a%-,b>que & ,rosem>y ( ea* j4 ,! latt] 
yield$ #e ,scruples2 ! =m] b #cb ,gra9s2
 :i* is ?ree times less4 ,i took also ! 
same quantity ( ! ,b>que ( ,black-,?orn1
 & ( ,agrimony4 ,! latt] yield$ #e      
,scruples & #f ,gra9s2 ! =m]1 n above #a
 ,scruple & #e ,gra9s2 :i* is f\r times 
less4  ,al?\gh ! ,b>que ( a ,tree be    
comp\nd$ ( ,pi?y & ,lign\s ,p>ts2 yet to
 answ] ! ,qu]y exactly1 ! ,wood ( ^!    
,trees %\ld be tak5 ) ! ,b>que1 t !re   
may be "s portion ( e ,"p ( ! ,tree1 z  
well z ( ! ,h]b4  ,b ?us f> ! ,exp]im5t 
is conclusive1 ,t ! same quantity (     
,lixivial ,salt1 do? n always foll[ !   
same ,g5]ical ,ta/4 ,= ! ,b>que ( ,a% & 
,rosem>y1 are bo? equally ,bitt]2 & !   
,b>que ( ,black-,?orn & ,agrimony are   
bo? ,a/r+5t & ,bitt]4  ,qu]4 #b4 ,:e!r  
any ,plant gr[+ 9 a ,g>d5 or ! ,field1  
do? n yield a less] quantity ( ,lixivial
 ,salt1 ?an ano!r ( ! same k9dr$ gr[+ on

 ! ,sea-,coa/2 & ) :at diff]5ce8  ,=    
?is1 ,i took ,g>d5 & ,sea-,scurvygrass1 
( ea* j4 ,! =m] yields #b ,dra*ms & #a  
,scruple2 ! latt]1 be+ well wa%$1 #i    
,dra*ms1 :i* is m ?an #d times z mu*4 ,!
 l may be try$ ^u o!rs4  ,qu]4 #c4 ,:e!r
 ! same ,specifick ,plant af=ds m       
,lixivial ,salt1 be+ only dry$1 & !n    
calc9'd1 or aft] x ha? fir/ be5 di/ill$1
 x is !n dry$ & calc9'd8  ,= ?is1 0 tak5
 j ( ,m9t only dry$ & !n calc9'd2 &     
ano!r fir/ di/ill$4 ,! =m] yield$  an   
,ounce &  a ,dra*m ( ,salt2 ! latt]1 #e 
,dra*ms & a ,scruple2 :i* is almo/  m4  
,?is also %\ld be try$ on o!r ,plants4  
,qu]4 #d4 ,h[ f> ! proportion foll[s !  
diff]5t ,ta/s ( ,plants8 ,! fir/        
,exp]im5t1 relates to ! same ,ta/ 9     
sev]al ,plants2 ?is1 to sev]al ,ta/s4 ,&
 s1  ,( ,majorane1 :i* is ,aromatick1 j 
af=ds b "o ,scruple ( ,lixivial ,salt2  
:i* is b ! #chd "p ( ! :ole p\nd4  ,(   
,oak-,b>que :i* is ,a/r+5t1 j yields  a 
,dra*m ( ,salt2 or ! #bef "p ( ! :ole4  
,( ,liquiri%1 :i* is sweet1 j yields    

ab\t ! same quantity4 ,b ,anise ,se$s j 
yields #b ,scruples or a #aib "p4  ,(   
,sorrel1 :i* is s[]1 j yields "o ,dra*m1
 or ! #abh "p4  ,( ,g>d5 ,scurvygrass1  
:i* is ,hot1 j yields #b ,dra*ms &  a   
,scruple2 or ! #ei "p4  ,( ,m9t1 :i* is 
,hot & ,bitt]1 j yields #e ,dra*ms & a  
,scruple1 or ! #bd "p4  ,( ,sea         
,scurvygrass1 :i* is ,salt1 j yields #i 
,dra*ms & a ,scruple or #bh ,scruples2  
:i* is ne> #a_/ac "p ( ! :ole4 ,a great]
 proportion ( ,salt1 ?an 9 any o!r      
,plant ^u :i* ,i h hi!rto made ,tryal3  
,or ev5 9 ,t>t> x self4 ,yet is x n a   
,m>9e1 b true ,lixivial ,salt3 z is     
evid5t1 bo? f its ,ta/e2 & 9 t x make?  
an ,eff]vesc5ce ) ,_s ( ,salt2 :i*      
,sea-,salt w n d4  ,= ! ,exp]im5t to be 
fully adequate to ! ,qu]y2 ! ,tryals    
%\ld be made1 ei!r all on ,trees1 or all
 on ,h]bs2 all on ,roots1 or all on     
,/alks1 c4 ,yet ?us mu* is evid5t1 ,t   
,sorrel yields ,?rice z mu* z ,majorane2
 ,sea-,scurvygrass1 ,eight & ,tw5ty     
times z mu*3 ,m9t1 ,five times z mu* z  

,sorrel2 & ,sixte5 times z mu*          
,majorane1 c4  ,qu]4 #e4 ,h[ f> !       
,proportion foll[s ! ,faculties (       
,plants8 ,& s1 x appe>s1 t  ,majorane1 a
 ,cephalick1 ha? a great] ,proportion ( 
,volatile ,p>ts1 ?an any ( ! ,plants    
above m5tion$1 & s f>1 is m agreeable to
 ! ,animal ,spirits1 & ,g5us ,n]vosum4  
,agrimony1#gf an ,ap]i5t1 yields above  
,five times z mu* ,lixivial ,salt1 z    
,majorane4 ,yet mu* less ?an _m o!r op5+
 ,plants :i* are /rong]4       #gf ,qu]4
 #a4  ,mugwort 7j7 yields two ,dra*ms & 
two ,scruples2 or above half z mu* m z  
,agrimony4 ,s t ?is ,plant1 ?\gh x ha?  
no consid]able ,ta/e1 & 9 t respect     
promise? b little2 yet yield+ a good    
quantity ( ,lixivial ,salt1 seems no    
contemptible ,m$ic9e to subdue ^?       
,acidities :i* ei!r by caus+            
,ob/ructions1 or immod]ate ,f]m5tations1
 frequ5tly disord] ! ,female ,sex4      
,m9t1 yielde? /ill a great] quantity2 & 
is !re=e1 p>tly = ! same cause s        
excell5t a ,/oma*ick3 ,& ,rosem>y1#gg   

:i* is appropriat$ bo? to ! ,head &     
,/oma*1 yielde? a midle quantity (      
,salt2 m ?an ! *ief ,cephalicks1 & less 
?an ! *ief ,/oma*icks4       #gg ,qu]4  
#a4  ,common ,mall[ 7j7 yields #e       
,dra*ms & #b ,scruples4 i4 e4 ! #bc "p (
 ! :ole4 ,s t ?is ,plant1 ?\gh ( a v    
mild ,ta/e1 yet yields m ,salt ?an ,m9t 
x self a ,bitt] ,plant4 ,:]eby x no     
long] seems /range1 t a ,plant ( s s(t a
 ,ta/e1 %\ld be v ,diuretick1 & s       
evid5tly affect ! ,re9s4  ,rhub>b 7#b   
,ounces7 yielde? sc>ce any fix$ ,salt1 s
 = z c be judg$ by ! ,ta/e ( ! ,a%es1 n 
m ?an a ,gra9 or two4 ,s t its ,salt is1
 9 a mann]1 :olly volatile2 & !reby apt]
 to op]ate ^u ! ,bili\s p>ts ( ! ,blood2
 :i* conte9 a f> great] proportion (    
,volatile ,salt1 ?an d ! ,s]\s4  ,( !   
,caput ,mortuum or me] ,e>?1 x is       
obs]vable1 t x 0 ne>  an ,ounce or  "p (
 ! :ole2 ,:i* is almo/ ,six times z mu* 
z ! ,caput ,mortuum ( ,common ,dock3 &  
mu* m ?an t ( any o!r ,root ,i h yet    
calc9'd4 ,:]eby x seeme? probable t     

,rhub>b loose? mu* ( its ,volatile ,"p1 
& !re=e ( its ,virtue1 be=e x comes to  
our ,%ops4  ,s5a 7j7 yields #d ,scruples
 &  ( ,salt2 or ! #he "p4  ,jalap 7j7   
yields b "o ,dra*m & #ae ,gra9s1 or #ajb
 "p4  ,colocyn?is 7j ( ! ,pulp7 yields  
an ,ounce & half ( ,caput ,mortuum1 :i* 
is almo/ all ,salt4 ,yet all[ half an   
,ounce ( ! ,salt1 & ,e>? to be wa/$ 9   
filtr+ c4 ! rema9+ ,ounce is no less ?an
 #a_/af "p ( ! :ole4 ,:i* is m ?an 9 any
 ( ! above nam$ ,plants1 except !       
,sea-,scurvygrass4                      
,,*ap4 ,,ii4           ,( ! ,,quantities
 af=d$ by ! ,p>ts ( sev]al              
,plants di/9ctly calc9'd4   ,i ,,%all   
next set d[n "s ,tryals1 ^u "o ,"p ( a  
,plant1 z well ,organick1 z ,cont5t1    
sep>at$ f ! re/2 9 answ] to ^! suppos$  
,qu]ies4  ,qu]4 #a4 ,:at ,proportion do?
 ! ,lixivial ,salt ( ! ,pi? or ,pi?y ,"p
 ( a ,plant1 be> to t ( ! ,fibr\s1 or ( 
! ,woody ,"p8 ,or :e!r is !re a ,fix$   
,salt always f\nd 9 ei!r ( !m8 ,a       
suffici5t ,answ] to :i*1 mu/ be built ^u

 _m ,tryals4 ,at pres5t ,i %all m5tion  
only ,two2 "o ^u ,/>*1 answ]able to !   
,pi?y ,p>ts2 ! o!r ^u ,flax1 consi/+    
almo/ :olly ( ! ,n]v\s or ,t[y ,fib]s3 (
 ! ,volatile p>ts  4 #ej1 #ea1 #eb4     
:]e(1 *iefly1 ,i h giv5 "s acc\nt 9 !   
=ego+ ,idea4  ,( ,/>*1 j yielde? ab\t  n
 ( ,a%es1 b ( ,black ,coal4 ,= ?\gh x be
 expos$ 9 a ,calc9+ ,furnace to a       
vehem5t fire1 = #e or #f h\rs1 :i* is   
long] !n w s]ve to calc9e mo/ ,bodies3  
yet w\ld x n 9 ! lea/ "p1 be r$uc$ to   
,a%es2 b to ! la/ cont9u$ 7?\gh !       
fi]c5ess ( ! ,fire consum$ "p ( x7 z    
black1 z :5 x 0 fir/ burnt4 ,s /rangely 
0 ! rema9+ "p ( ! ,sulphur fix$ to !    
,e>?2 t 9 fly+ away1 x did volatilize & 
c>ry t away ) x4 ,9 ?is ,coal or ,c9d]1 
!re is n ! lea/ ( a ,lixivial or o!r    
,ta/e4 ,& al?\gh1 ^u ,tryal ,i f9d1 ,t !
 ,pi? ( _m ,plants1 z ( a ,cabbage      
,/alk1 w yield "s quantity ( ,lixivial  
,salt2 yet x is probably1 t g5]ally1 x  
yields less ?an ! ,wood4  ,( ,flax1 j   
yields n above #ej ,gra9s ( ,caput      

,mortuum or :ite ,a%es1 :i* are ,salt4  
,accord+ to vulg> conceit1 x w\ld seem  
to be a v dry ,body3 yet ( #aec p>ts1   
#aeb are volatile1 & be+ di/ill$ w\ld h 
be5 collect$ into ,liquor4 ,h5ce also   
appe>s ! great & unexpect$ ,v>iety 9 !  
,proportion ( ! ,e>?y ,p>ts1 z well z ! 
o!r ,pr9ciples ( ,bodies4 ,or else1 t   
!re are div]s k9ds ( ,e>?s1 ev5 9       
,plants1 ( :i*1 z well z ( ,salts c4 "s 
are volatile4 ,= ( j ( ?is ,plant1 !re  
rema9e? fix$ b #ej ,gra9s3 :]eas ( j (  
,rhub>b1 !re w rema9 ne> #aibj ,gra9s1  
i4 e4 #hh times z mu* z ! =m]4  ,qu]4   
#b4 ,9 :at proportion is ! ,lixivial    
,salt f\nd 9 ! ,gumms ( ,plants8 & :e!r 
is x yield$1 m or less1 by all8 ,= answ]
 to :i*1 ,i caus$ ! ,elev5 foll[+1 ( ea*
 two ,ounces1 to be calc9'd1 & s obs]v$1
  ,t ,common ,ros91 yields b "o ,gra9 & 
( ,caput ,mortuum4 ,s t j w yield b #ab 
,gra9s4 ,9 ?is ,caput ,mort4 !re is n ! 
lea/ p>ticle ( ,salt1 x be+ altoge!r    
insipid4  ,ma/ick yields gr4 #ab ( ,cap4
 ,mort4 ,b n ! lea/ "p ( ,salt4 ,( ?is  

,ros91 x is obs]vable2 ,t be+ set1 9 a  
,crucible1 )9 ! fire1 be=e x comes to h 
?ick fumes1 x boyls up ) a v great foame
 or froa?2 & is ! only ,gum or ,ros9 7( 
! ,elev57 t ha? ?is prop]ty4 ,s t ,i    
suspect1 !re is a great quantity ( "s   
k9d ( volatile ,_s1 :i* !n flies away2 &
 s1 9 break+ ?r\gh ! ,oyly p>ts1 huffs  
!m up to s great a froa?4  ,olibanum    
yields half a ,dra*m ( ,caput ,mortuum4 
,b x is to be not$1 ,t ! weight is      
encreas$ by c]ta9 little ,sp>-,/ones1   
:i* 9 ! burn+ ( sev]al p>cels1 ,i always
 f\nd mix$ ) ?is ,gumm4 ,^! be+ pick$   
clean out1 ! ,cap4 ,mort4 weighe? n mu* 
m ?an t ( ,ma/ick4 ,& is 9 l mann]      
insipid1 :5 ! said ,/ones are pick$ out4
  ,f h5ce x appe>s1 h[ prop] ^! ,gums   
are = ! ,concoction ( ,salt ,rheums2    
,disc\rse ( ,mixture ,cap4 ,ult4        
accord+ to :at ,i h =m]ly sugge/$ f     
ano!r ,exp]im5t4  ,x may also be not$1 t
 ,ros9 & ,ma/ick1 seem to be m purely   
,acidole\s ,gums2 n only f _! consi/5ce 
:i* is uni=m2 & _! ,smell1 :i* is less  

/rong & m pleasant3 b also f ! ,acid    
,liquor !y yield by ,di/illation2 & 9 t 
! "y ,leavs ( ,fir1 & especially ( ,p9e1
 are s[]2 & 'tis probable t ^? ( ,ma/ick
 are s likewise4 ,:]eby ^!1 & o!r l     
,gums are m especially fitt$ = !        
abovesaid purpose4 ,b ,olibanum seems1  
besides its ,acidity1 to conte9 "s      
,volatile ,alkaly1 & s to be an         
,acid-,alkal9e ,gum4 ,= z x ha? a /rong]
 ,smell ?an ! =m]1 s a hott] ,ta/e2 bo? 
! ord9>y effects ( an ,alkal9e ,sulphur4
 ,& be+ infus$ 9 sev]al ,m5/ruums1      
appe>s to consi/ ( two ,bodies1 "o ( !m 
m ,res9\s ?an ! o!r4 ,( :i*1 x is       
probable1 t ! "o is made by ! ,acid p>ts
 z ! o!r by ! ,alkal9e4 ,:]eby x is v   
well adapt$ 9 "s ,cases1 z 9 a          
,pleuresie1 = remov+ ! ,coagulations ( !
 ,blood1 or its disposition !reunto4    
,asa ftida yields no less ?an half its  
weight or an ,ounce ( ,caput ,mort4 t is
 #h times z mu* z t ( ! o!r ,gumms1 &   
#dh times z mu* z t ( "s ( !m4 ,yet do? 
x n conte9 "o gra9 ( ,salt1 s f> z c be 

judg$ by its ,ta/4 ,yet ! ,/r5g? &      
,loa?somness ( ! ,smell & ,ta/ ( ! ,gumm
 d argue x to be highly impregnat$ ) "s 
k9d ( ,volatile ,alkaly prop] to arre/  
^? (f5sive ,vap\rs 7to use ! vulg> ^w7  
:i* fly+1 ei!r by ! ,blood or ,n]ves1 f 
"p to "p1 d (t5 prove s tr\blesome4     
,gum ,arabick yields "o ,scruple ( ,cap4
 ,mort4 :]e(1 by ! ,ta/e1 ab\t  "p is   
,salt4  ,euphorbium yields "o ,dra*m (  
,caput ,mort4 ( :i*1 by ! /r5g? ( !     
,ta/e1 two ,scruples seem to be ,salt4  
,:i* confirms a =m] conjecture#gh ( its 
be+ an ,alkal9e ,gumm4       #gh ,( !   
,luctation ( ,bodies1 ,*4 #a4  ,myrrh   
also yields a ,dra*m ( ,cap4 ,mort4 & at
 lea/ two ,scruples ( ,salt4 ,( !       
,elev51 ^! two ,gums h ! greate/        
quantity ( a fix$ ,alkaly4  ,opium      
yields half a ,dra*m ( ,cap4 ,mort4 :]e(
 ! "o half is ,salt4  ,aloe yields a    
,dra*m ( ,cap4 ,mort4 conte9+ ab\t "o   
,scruple ( ,salt4  ,scammony yields ,two
 ,scruples ( ,cap4 ,mort4 ( :i*1 ab\t   
half a ,scruple is ,salt4  ,gutta ,gamba

 yields b half a ,scruple ( ,cap4 ,mort4
 ( :i* f\r or five ,gra9s are ,salt4  ,s
 t consid]+ ! ,dose ( any ,ca?>tick     
,gumm1 ! quantity ( ! ,fix$ ,alkaly1 is 
extream small ) respect to ! ,volatile  
p>ts3 ,9 :i*1 !re=e1 its ,ca?>tick ,p[] 
do? *iefly reside4  ,yet none ( !       
,ca?>tick ,gumms are )\t "s portion1 m  
or less1 ( a ,fix$ ,alkaly2 ?\gh "s ( ! 
re/ are4 ,:i* seeme? to prove1 ,t !     
,fix$ x self1 ha? "s ,int]e/ 9 ! bus9ess
 ( ,purgation3 z by be+ a ,clog to !    
,volatile1 & s prev5t+ its be+          
delet]i\s2 or "s o!r way4 ,b ! mann] (  
_! ,op]ation w bett] be und]/ood1 :5 !  
,volatile ,p>ts h likewise be5 exam9$4  
,x may also be ( good import1 to "k1 :at
 diff]5t quantities ( ,salt1 are af=d$  
by ! ,t>t>s ( all sorts ( ,w9es4 ,:]eby1
 p>tly1 z well z by ! quantity ( !      
,t>t>1 we may be enabl$ ! bett] to judge
 ( ! ,nature ( ,w9es4                   
,a                                      
,,disc\rse                              
,conc]n+ !                              

,,ess5tial & ,,m>9e                     
,salts ( ,plants4               ,read   
be=e ! ,royal ,society1 ,decemb] #ba1   
#afgf4                                  
,,*ap4 ,i4    ,9 :i* is %ew$ ! way (    
mak+ bo? an ,,ess5tial & a      ,,m>9e  
,salt1 out ( ! ,,lixivial ,salt ( a     
,plant4   ,,sometime s9ce1 ,i took !    
boldness to pres5t my ?\ghts to ?is     
,hon\rable & ,le>n$ ,body 9 a ,disc\rse 
conc]n+ ,mixture4 ,:]e9 ,i h endeav\r$  
to lay su* a ,f\ndation1 z might h]eaft]
 r$uce ! ,doctr9e h]e( to ,exp]i5ce &   
,practice2 & to demon/rate1 ! ,p[] &    
,use ( ,artificial ,mixture4 ,& 9 fur!r 
pro( ( :at is !re9 ass]t$1 ,i h s9ce    
made a cont9uation ( ,exp]im5ts ^u !    
same ,subject1 9 ,two ,me?ods4 ,"o 9 !  
,mixture ( sev]al ,m5/ruums1 bo? ,acid &
 ,alkal9e1 ) all ,sorts ( ,bodies4 ,!   
,o!r1 by calc9+ !m1 or1 z x 71 mix+ !m )
 ! ,fire4  #b4 4 ,i %all n[ proce$ to a 
,?ird1 :i* is1 ! mix+ !m ) ! ,a] or     
expos+ !m to x2 ano!r ( ,natures gr&    
,m5/ruums2 :i* goes sometimes fur!r ?an 

! ,fire x self1 9 ! dissolution (       
,bodies4 ,?is ,i h =m]ly m5tion$ = !    
,imitation ( ,nature1 9 produc+ a ,m>9e 
or ,muriatick ,salt out ( ! ,lixivial   
,salt ( a ,plant4  ,disc\rse ( ,mixture 
,*4 #e4 ,in/4 #b4  ,b "s ,le>n$ ,p]sons 
!n pres5t1 seem+ to d\bt ( ! ,exp]im5t2 
,i ?\ght x requisite to prosecute ! same
 a little fur!r2 t s1 if possible1 x    
might become cle> & unque/ionable4 ,&   
because t ,me?od 0 imp]fect1 & requir$  
half a ye>1 or a long] "t3 ,i be?\ght my
 self ( an o!r way2 :i* prov$ f> bett]1 
& m exp$ite4 ,& :i*1 )all1 af=d$ me1 n  
only a true ,m>9e ,salt1 out ( !        
,lixivial ,salt ( a ,plant2 b also ano!r
 k9d ( ,salt1 diff]5t f !m bo?3 :i* may 
n be improp]ly call$1 an ,ess5tial ,salt
 or ,nitre ( ,plants4 ,! ,hi/ory or     
mann] ( ! production ( !m bo?1 is z     
foll[s4  #c4 4 ,decemb] #ae4 #afge1 ,i  
took ab\t half a p\nd ( a /rong         
,solution ( ! ,lixivial ,salt ( ,firne3 
& p\r+ x into an ,e>!n ,pan1 well glaz$1
 broad & %all[1 expos$ x !re9 to ! op5  

,a]1 9 a ,*amb] ,w9d[1 to evaporate ( x 
self4  ,tab4 #hc4   #d4 4 ,?is ,solution
 or ,lee1 al?\gh x 0 v cle> be=e1 & hav+
 /ood cork$ up 9 a bottle _m days1 _h no
 s$em5t3 yet /&+ n[ 9 ! op5 ,a]1 )9 !   
space ( #d or #e days1 x began to let   
fall a v :ite ,s$em5t1 l f9e ,*alk2 :i* 
encreas$ daily = #h or #aj days2 am\nt+ 
at la/ to ab\t half a ,dra*m ( :ite1    
light & me] ,e>?1 altoge!r insipid1 & :5
 x 0 well wa%$1 /irr+ n ^u ! ,affusion (
 ,acids4  #e4 4 ,)9 ! space ( a day or  
two aft] ?is :ite ,s$em5t began to fall 
to ! bottom2 !re 0 also ga!r$ on ! top1 
a k9d ( s(t ,scum or ,cremor1 :]e) !    
,solution 0 cov]$ all ov]4  #f4 4 ,)9 #h
 or #i days aft] ! fir/ expos+ ( !      
,liquor1 or #b or #c days aft] ! ga!r+ (
 ! ,cremor2 t ,salt1 :i* ,i take leave  
to call1 an ,ess5tial ,salt ( ,plants1  
began to appe>2 %oot+ into sev]al little
 ,cry/als4 ,^! ,cry/als1 z !y grew      
bigg]1 began to s9k1 & at la/ fell d[n  
to ! bottom ( ! ,pan4  #g4 4 ,^u _! fir/
 g5]ation or %oot+1 ! said ,cremor      

pres5tly breaks1 leav+ a b>e space r\nd 
ab\t ea* ,cry/al2 & ^u ! b\nds ( e space
 is ind5t$2  ,tab4 #hc4  ! space gr[+   
bigg] & bigg] toge!r ) ! ,cry/al 9 !    
,c5tre4 ,& s1 by t "t ! ,cry/als are    
gr[n to a consid]able numb] & bigness1 !
 ,cremor vani%es away1 ! sev]al ,circles
 or b>e places break+ at la/ "o into    
ano!r all ov] ! ,surface ( ! ,lee4 ,aft]
 :i*1 x nev] comes aga94  #h4 4 ,f :5ce 
x seeme?1 ,t ! sev]al ,circles or b>e   
,spaces ab\t ! ,cry/als1 are made = ! m 
free admission ( ! ,a]1 requisite to _! 
,g5]ation4 ,= z !re is no ,cry/al beg9s 
to be =m$ be=e !re is a brea* made 9 !  
,cremor3 s t brea* is enl>g$ toge!r ) ! 
,cry/al4 ,s t z ! fall+ ( ! ,s$em5t & ! 
ga!r+ ( ! ,cremor1 %ewe? t ! ,a]1 z a   
,m5/ruum sep>ates "s "p f ! ,lee3 s !   
break+ ( ! ,cremor aft]w>ds1 t z a      
,vehicle1 x br+s some?+ to x3 bo? 9 ord]
 to ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,cry/als4 ,nature   
tak+ a ,me?od = ! ,g5]ation ( simpl]    
,bodies1 z well z ( ^? :i* are ,comp\nd$
 & ,organical4  #i4 4 ,! ,figure ( ^!   

,cry/als is angul> & oblong1 mo/ ( !m   
ab\t ! fif?1 six? or sev5? ( an ,in*2 b 
none ( !m v regul>4 ,yet we are n h5ce  
to conclude1 b t ) ! help ( "s          
,circum/ances :i* might be want+ 9 !    
%oot+ ( ^!2 "s portion ( regul> ones may
 be obte9$ f ?is1 z well z o!r ,lixivial
 ,salts h]eaft] m5tion$4  #aj4 4 ,!y are
 some:at transp>5t1 & ( a d>k ,amb>     
,color1 or l t ( br[n ,sug>-,c&y4 ,( a q
 diff]5t ,ta/e f t ( ! ,solution or ,lee
 out ( :i* !y are br$2 be+ n at all     
,lixivial1 b v weak & mild2 n ,salt1 b  
,bitt] 9 a good degree4  #aa4 4 ,x is   
also obs]vable1 t ,alkal9e & ,acid      
,salts be+ bo? p\r$ sev]ally ^u ^!      
,cry/als1 !y /ir n1 nor are any way     
affect$ ) ei!r ( !m4 ,s t ^! ,cry/als   
are no sort ( ,t>t>1 or ,t>t>e\s ,salt4 
,z is pla91 f ! mann] ( _! ,g5]ation2   
,t>t> be+ /ill br$ 9 close ,vessels2 ^! 
nev]1 b by expos+ ! ,liquor to ! ,a]4 ,z
 also f _! ,ta/e1 be+ n s[]1 9 ! lea/1 b
 bitt]4 ,& 9 t ,t>t> w make a ,bullition
 ) ,alkal9e ,salts1 :i* ^! w n d4 ,^u   

:i* acc\nts x appe>s1 t !y are a ,salt  
diff]5t 9 ,nature f all o!r ,salts      
hi!rto kn[n1 or a new ,species add$ to !
 ,inv5tory ( ,nature4  #ab4 4 ,^!       
,cry/als )9 ! space ( ab\t a =tnight    
aft] _! fir/ ,g5]ation1 did also cease  
to %oot any m1 b only increas$ a little 
9 _! ,bulk4 ,aft] :i* "t1 ,i dayly      
expect$ to see ! production also ( a    
true ,m>9e ,salt4 ,& ab\t two mon?s aft]
 ! said ,ess5tial ,cry/als _h done      
%oot+1 & n be=e1 ?is also began to %oot1
 9 _m small ,cry/als1 & at ! top ( !    
,solution1 z ! o!r did1 /ill fall+ to ! 
bottom z !y grew big]4  #ac4 4 ,! ,size 
( mo/ ( !m 0 ne> t ( ! ,flakes or ,gra9s
 ( ,bay-,salt4 ,! ,col\r ( "s ( !m :ite1
 ( o!rs transp>5t2 & ( o!rs :ite 9 !    
,c5tre1 ) transp>5t ,edges2 z is also   
usual 9 ! ,cry/als ( ,common ,salt4     
#ad4 4 ,! ,figure ( mo/ is a p]fect     
,squ>e1 & ( v _m com+ ne> to a ,cube2   
:i* is also ! ,figure ( ,common ,salt1 &
 seldome an exact ,cube4 ,an exact      
,cube1 be+ ! con/ant prop]ty ( no ,m>9e 

,salt1 t ,i "k (1 except t ( ! ,dead    
,sea4  ,tab4 #hc4  ,div]s ( !m 7 also   
rais$ z x 7 by sev]al /eps f a deep     
,c5tre to ! ,top3 z is (t5 se5 9 !      
common %oot+ ( ,common ,salt2 & n 9 any 
o!r4 ,_! ,ta/e is nei!r ,lixivial1 z t (
 ! ,solution out ( :i* !y %oot2 nor     
bitt]i%1 z t ( ! ,ess5tial ,cry/als2 nor
 s[]i%1 z t ( ,t>t>2 b ! p]fect ,ta/e ( 
,common ,salt4  #ae4 4 ,x is also to be 
not$1 ,t if ,oyl ( ,vitriol1 & "s o!r   
/rong ,acids1 be p\r$ ^u ?is artificial 
,sea-,salt1 !y make an ,eff]vesc5ce     
toge!r3 b if ,_s ( ,salt or ,_s ( ,nitre
 ei!r be p\r$ on x1 ?\gh x be nev] s    
/rong x /irre? x n4 ,9 bo? :i*1 & all ! 
=m5tion$ respects1 x answ]s to !        
,prop]ties ( a ,m>9e or ,common ,salt1  
:i* no o!r ,salt do?4 ,i conclude x     
!re=e to be a true ,m>9e ,salt produc$  
by ,art 9 ! imitation ( ,nature4        
,,*ap4 ,,ii4    ,:]e9 is %ew$1 ,t ! said
 ,,ess5tial & ,,m>9e ,salts (           
,plants are bo? ( diff]5t ,sorts4       
,,hav+ made ! ,exp]im5t1 t bo? an       

,ess5tial & ,m>9e ,salt may be produc$  
out ( ! ,lixivial ,salt ( a ,plant4 ,i  
?\ght x probable1 t nei!r ! "o nor !    
o!r1 0 always ! same1 b t z !y _h _!    
g5]al prop]ties :i* made !m to be ( two 
g5]al k9ds2 s !y might h "s special     
prop]ty1 = ! di/+ui%+ ( ea* k9d into    
sev]al ,sorts4 ,& )all1 t 9 a w>m]      
season1 ?an be=e tak51 ! ,tryal h]e(    
might be f9i%$ 9 a %ort] "t4  #b4 4 ,= !
 mak+ ( :i*1 ,i conceiv$ x requisite to 
remove an ,op9ion :i* seem$ to lye 9 my 
way2 sc4 ,t !re is little or no diff]5ce
 betwe5 ! sev]al ,lixivial ,salts (     
,plants1 z "s ,le>n$ m5 h ?\ght4 ,b ei!r
 !re is a diff]5ce1 or n3 if n1 x %\ld  
be prov$3 & if !re be1 x %\ld !n be     
ju/ly /at$1 :at t diff]5ce is4 ,= ! do+ 
( :i*1 ,i *ose ?is ,me?od4 ,i took an   
equal quantity ( ! :ite/ & pure/ ,salts 
( div]s ,plants1 all made by an equal   
degree ( ,calc9ation2 & dissolv$ !m all 
sev]ally 9 an equal quantity ( wat]4 ,& 
p\r+ likewise an equal quantity1 z ab\t 
#aj or #ab drops ( ea* into a spoon1 ,i 

ta/$ !m sev]ally4 ,:]eby x 0 v evid5t1 t
 !y 7 n all ( "o ,ta/1 b ( v diff]5t    
ones1 bo? z to /r5g? & k9d3 & !re=e     
diff]5t 9 ,nature also4 ,! ,salts ,i    
made tryal ( 7 ^? ( ,sorrel1 ,anise1    
,wormwood1 ,mall[1 ,a%1 ,t>t> & o!rs3 & 
^u half a ,dra*m ( ea* ,i p\r$ ij (     
wat]4 ,! ,solutions are "h pres5t to be 
ta/$4 ,by :i* ! diff]5ces w easily be   
obs]v$1 & p>ticul>ly t ! ,salt (        
,wormwood or ,scurvygrass1 is almo/ z   
/rong aga9 z ! ,salt ( ,anise1 or       
,sorrel3 & t ! ,salt ( ,a% is above     
twice z /rong1 & t ( ,t>t> above ?rice z
 /rong1 z t ( ,sorrel1 & almo/ ?rice z  
/rong z t ( ,wormwood or ,scurvygrass4  
,s t he :o %all give half a ,scruple1   
suppose ( ,salt ( ,t>t>2 in/ead ( half a
 ,scruple ( ,salt ( ,wormwood1 or o!r l 
,salt2 he may z well give a ,scruple (  
,ros9 ( ,jalap1 = a ,scruple ( ! p[d]1  
or almo/ ?ree ,dra*ms ( ,rhub>b1 or o!r 
l ,purge1 in/ead ( "o4 ,& ! l is to be  
said ( o!r ,lixivial ,salts 9 _!        
degrees4  #c4 4 ,hav+ obs]v$ ?us mu*1 ,i

 proce$$ to repeat ! =m] ,exp]im5t1 ) "s
 ( ! a=esaid1 & "s o!r ,vegetable       
,salts1 ! be/ calc9'd1 & ! pure/1 t c\ld
 be made = ?is purpose1 be+ ^! ,six     
,salts1 sc4 ( ,rosem>y1 ,g>d5           
,scurvygrass1 ,black ,?orn1 ,common     
,wormwood1 ,a%1 & ,t>t>4 ,all :i*       
dissolv$ sev]ally 9 fair wat]1 ,i expos$
 9 a ,*amb] w9d[1 & n 9 ,w9t]1 z be=e1 b
 9 ! heat ( ,summ]1 sc4 on ! #ai (      
,july1 to evaporate ( !mselves4  #d4 4  
,! ,effect 01 ,t ! ?ird day aft] _! be+ 
expos$1 ! ,ess5tial ,cry/als began to   
%oot 9 ?ree ( ! ,solutions1 sc4 9 t (   
,rosem>y1 ( ,g>d5 ,scurvygrass1 & (     
,black ,?orn4 ,on ! f\r? day1 9 t (     
,wormwood4 ,on ! fif? day1 9 t ( ,a%4 ,9
 t ( ,t>t>1 n at all4  #e4 4 ,^!        
,ess5tial ,cry/als began1 9 all1 to %oot
 at ! top1 & !n to fall to ! bottome2 z 
9 ! ,exp]im5t be=e4 ,b z !re 0 v little 
( ! :ite ,s$em5t be=e m5tion$1 t prec$$2
 ,s no ,scum or ,cremor at all4 ,:i*    
al?\gh a m p]fect ,calc9ation1 x seems1 
did "h almo/ prev5t2 yet did n 9 ! lea/ 

de/roy ! a=esaid ,ess5tial ,salt1 b r   
make way = its m spe$y & copi\s         
,production3 exhibit+ likewise a di/9ct 
,species 9 sev]al ( ! ,solutions4  #f4 4
 ,= fir/1 ! ,cry/als ( ,rosem>y 7! l>ge/
 ( !m7 7 ab\t ! bigness ( a ,rice-,corn4
 ,9 ,figure almo/ l a ,tip-,cat1 :i*    
,boys play )1 split d[n ! midle4 ,ea*   
,tip be+ cut into #e sides all end+ 9 a 
poynt3  ,tab4 #hc4  ! midle "p divid$   
into #g1 all drawn by p>allel ,l9es2 !  
topmo/ ) ! l[]mo/ b "o1 on ea* side1 be+
 ?ree exact ,squ>es4  #g4 4 ,! ,cry/als 
( ,black ,?orn are mo/ ( !m poynt$ ) j  
six sides ( ,equal ,measure3 v l to !   
%oot+ ( true ,cry/al x self4  ,tab4 #hc4
  ,f ! topmo/ ( :i* six ,sides1 a ,l9e  
be+ drawn out1 runs p>allel to a broad  
,base1 :]eon ea* ,cry/al /&s4 ,s t !y   
are 9 "s sort ( a ,rhomboid ,figure4    
#h4 4 ,! ,cry/als ( ,scurvygrass h also 
a v elegant & regul> ,figure1 :i* is 9 a
 mann] comp\nd$ ( ! two =m] n[ describ$4
 ,b !y are no?+ ne> s bigg1 ! l>ge/ (   
!m1 be+ no big] ?an a ,gra9 ( t :i* we  

call ,pe>l ,b>ley4  #i4 4 ,! ,cry/als ( 
,wormwood h also v _m ( !m a regul>     
,figure2 b q diff]5t f t ( ! ,cry/als   
be=e m5tion$2 ea* ,cry/al be+ a little  
,cyl9d]1 sav+ t x is con/antly some:at  
small] at "o end1 ?an ! o!r3 z x 7 "o   
half ( a ,r[l+-p94  ,tab4 #hc4  ,& n    
ev5ly ,circul>1 b cut out by ,six ,sides
 ( equal ,measure3 almo/ z 9 ! ,cry/al (
 ,nitre4 ,s t contr>y to :at is se5 9 ! 
=em5tion$ ,cry/als1 ! ends ( ^! (       
,wormwood are n poynt$1 b flat2 & cut at
 ,"r ,angles ) ! ,sides4  #aj4 4 ,!     
,cry/als ( ,a%1 ?\gh by _! prop]ties !y 
appe> likewise to be ,ess5tial2 yet are 
no?+ ne> s regul>ly figur'd1 z all !    
=em5tion$4  #aa4 4 ,! ,col\r also ( !   
said ,cry/als is some:at diff]5t3 ,^? ( 
,a% be+ ( a br[n transp>5cy1 almo/ l ^? 
( ,firne4 ,^? ( ,wormwood be+ also      
br[ni%1 b pal]4 ,^? ( ,rosem>y &        
,scurvygrass hav+ "s little ,t9cture1   
yet v cle>4 ,b ^? ( ,black ,?orn )\t !  
lea/ ,t9cture1 & z cle> z ,cry/al x     
self4  #ab4 4 ,none ( ^! ,ess5tial      

,cry/als h any hot fi]y ,ta/e1 b are v  
mild1 & s5sibly ,bitt]2 especially1 ab\t
 ! ,root ( ! ,tongue3 z is also         
obs]vable ( "s ,plants h]eaft] m5tion$1 
9 speak+ ( ! diff]5t ,ta/es ( ,plants4  
#ac4 4 ,oyl ( ,vitriol drop$ ^u ^!      
,cry/als do? n affect !m 9 ! lea/3 yet  
drop$ into ! sev]al ,solutions out ( :i*
 ! ,cry/als are produc$1 imm$iately     
cause? a great ,eff]vesc5ce4  #ad4 4 ,( 
! ,solutions above nam$1 t1 ( ,salt (   
,t>t> 0 ! #f4 ,:]e( x is rem>quable1 ,t 
hav+ wait$ sev]al ,mon?s toge!r1 ,i c\ld
 n obs]ve ! lea/ ,ess5tial ,salt to be  
!re9 produc$ 9 all t "t4 ,:e!r !re be   
any o!r ,vegetable ,salts1 besides ?is (
 ,t>t>1 :i* w n yield ! ,ess5tial above 
describ$1 ,i h n yet exp]im5t$4  #ae4 4 
,9 ! mean "t1 f ! ,premises x is v      
probable1 t mo/ ( !m af=d m or few] ( ! 
said ,cry/als4 ,9 reg>d !y are ,plants (
 a v diff]5t k9d1 :i* ,i made tryal ^u3 
z ,g>d5 ,scurvygrass1 v ,hot2 ,rosem>y1 
v ,aromatick4 ,wormwood v ,bitt]2 ,black
 ,?orn1 ,a/r+5t & ,s[]4 ,& x is also    

pla91 ,t ! said ,ess5tial ,salts conta9$
 9 ! ,lixivial1 are n altoge!r "o & !   
same1 b ( div]s ,sorts4   #af4 4 ,,ab\t 
#g or #h days aft] ! ,ess5tial ,cry/als 
7 produc$2 ! ,m>9e ,salt did also beg9  
to %oot2 fir/ 9 ,rosem>y2 quickly aft]1 
9 ,scurvygrass2 ,next1 9 ,black ,?orn & 
,wormwood1 sc4 aft] ! space ( a week or 
#aj days m4 ,& 9 all ( !m ) "s diff]5ce 
( ,size & ,figure4  #ag4 4 ,! pla9e/ (  
all1 0 t produc$ out ( ! ,salt ( ,black 
,?orn1 consi/+ = ! mo/ "p ( v small     
,cry/als1 n above ! #ae ( an ,in* squ>e1
 z also ?91 %ap$ l a ,du* ,tile us$ =   
,*imnies4 ,_m o!rs 7 v ?ick1 & ne> to a 
,cube4  ,tab4 #hc4  ,mo/ ( :i* 7 a      
little holl[$ 9 ! midle1 l a gr9d+      
,m>ble or ,salt-,cell]2 & ! holl[ b\nd$ 
by #d pla9 & equal ,sides1 all desc5d+ a
 little t[>ds ! ,c5tre2 & measur$ by two
 cross ,l9es1 :i* /aid ^u ! f\r ,angles 
( ! ,squ>e1 & s cut "o ! o!r at ,"r     
,angles4 ,bo? :i* ,prop]ties are        
likewise usually se5 9 ! ,cry/als (     
,common ,salt4  #ah4 4 ,9 ,wormwood1 _m 

( ^! ,cry/als1 besides ! pla9 ones1 7   
figur'd crossways l a ,dagg]-,hilt4     
,tab4 #hc4  ,:i* 0 sometimes nak$1 &    
sometimes inclos$ 9 a squ>e & almo/     
,cubical ,box4 ,_m o!rs 7 figur'd into  
,sprigs made up ( f\r *ief ,bran*es /&+ 
crosswise1 & ^? subbran*$2 & all !      
,bran*es made up ( little squ>e         
,cry/als1 clu/]$ toge!r 9 t ,figure4 ,! 
,sprigy ,figure ( ^! ,cry/als is n      
accid5tal1 b ha? con/antly come aft] !y 
_h be5 ?ree times dissolv$1 & !         
,solution expos$ to evaporate4  #ai4 4  
,! ,m>9e ,salt ( ,rosem>y ha? also "s   
v>iety4 ,= besides ! pla9 ones above    
describ$1 !re are "s ?ick ,squ>es1      
,tab4 #hc4  :i* h also a squ>e holl[    
desc5d+ by five1 six1 or sev5 n>r[ /eps1
 t[>ds ! ,c5tre2 be+ 9 ,figure1 sav+ ^! 
,/eps1 some:at l ! ,hop] 9 a ,mill4     
#bj4 4 ,^u a second ,solution ( ! same  
,salt1 !re %oots ano!r sort ( squ>e2 :i*
 is n pla9 on ! edges1 z ! above-nam$1  
,tab4 #hc4  b scallop$ or florid all    
r\nd ab\t1 n unlike ! ,leaves ( "s      

,plants4  #ba4 4 ,! ,cry/als ( ,m>9e    
,salt ( ,scurvygrass are some:at l to ^?
 ( ,rosem>y n[ describ$4  #bb4 4 ,z = ! 
,lixivial ,salts ( ,a% & ,t>t>1 ?\gh 9 a
 ,mon? or ,five ,weeks ,space1 !y yield 
"s ,cry/als ( v cle> ,salt3 yet ( ,m>9e 
,salt nei!r ( !m yielde? ! lea/ p>ticle4
 ,s t ( ^! ,six ,lixivial ,salts1 sc4 ( 
,rosem>y1 ,scurvygrass1 ,black ,?orn1   
,wormwood1 ,a% & ,t>t>1 all1 b t (      
,t>t>1 yield$ an ,ess5tial ,salt4 ,&    
all1 b ^? ( ,a% & ,t>t>1 yield$ a ,m>9e1
 su* z is above describ$4 ,all :i*      
,salts bo? ,ess5tial & ,m>9e1 toge!r )  
_! ,models1 made ( :ite ,alaba/re1 ,i h 
"h ready to be se54  #bc4 4 ,( ^? t     
yield ^! ,salts1 or ei!r ( !m1 x is     
fur!r to be not$1 ,t !re is a           
consid]able diff]5ce 9 ! ,proportion or 
,quantities :i* !y yield4 ,! ,rosem>y   
yields /ore bo? ( ,ess5tial & ,m>9e1 b m
 ,ess5tial4 ,wormwood & ,scurvygrass m  
,m>9e4 ,black ,?orn less ( ,ei!r4 ,! ,a%
 no ,m>9e1 & ! ,t>t> nei!r ! ,ess5tial  
nor ,m>9e1 z ha? be5 said4  #bd4 4 ,f   

:at ha? be5 said1 ,i d$uce only at      
pres5t ^! ,?ree ,corollaies4 ,fir/1 ,t a
 ,lixivial ,salt1 is n only a comp\nd$  
,body sc4 ( ,salt1 ,sulphur1 ,a] & ,e>?2
 b ev5 a ,comp\nd$ ,salt1 conta9+ bo? a 
,vegetable ,nitre1 & a true ,sea ,salt4 
#be4 4 ,secondly1 ,t ! ,expos+ (        
,bodies1 9 ! mann] above %ew$1 may ju/ly
 be acc\nt$ "o ,"p ( ,*ymi/ry hi!rto    
,defici5t1 & mu* f>!r to be improv$ = ! 
,discov]y ( ! ,nature ( ,bodies4 ,= z   
,nature *iefly comp\nde? ,bodies by     
,dige/+ !m1 & s ei!r %utt+ out or keep+ 
9 ! ,a]3 ,s %e ,dissolve? !m by ,expos+1
 & s nei!r %utt+ 9 ! ,a]1 nor keep+ x   
out1 b leav+ x free to come & g2 & !reby
 to br+1 & c>ry (f :atsoev] is necess>y 
= ! ,sep>ation or ,solution ( ,bodies4  
,= ! ,sea x self 7to conf9e ! similitude
 to our pres5t case7 is b z a ,great    
,pan1 :]e9 all k9ds ( bodies be+ long   
expos$1 are ?r\ghly resolv$1 ultimately 
yield+ f ! re/ ( _! visible ,pr9ciples1 
t :i* we call ,sea ,salt4  #bf4 4       
,la/ly1 if by ,expos+ & ,dissolv+ we c  

make "o ,salt2 !n by ,comp\nd+ & ,dige/+
 we may make ano!r1 yea any o!r ,salt2  
ei!r a ,fix$ ( a ,volatile1 or a        
,volatile ( a ,fix$4 ,t is to say1 a    
,volatile ,salt may be s sep>at$ f o!r  
,bodies1 z to become ,fix$2 or a ,fix$  
,salt may be s mix$ ) o!r ,bodies z to  
become ,volatile4 ,= t any ,salt %\ld ( 
x self become ,fix$ or ,volatile1 is a  
,fixion n gr\nd$ ^u ,exp]im5t4  #bg4 4  
,z = ! ,virtue ( ! ,ess5tial ,salts     
above describ$1 ,i believe !y w be f\nd 
^u tryal1 n contemptible 9 "s ,cases4 ,=
 :i* among/ o!r reasons1 ,i h be5 ! m   
punctual 9 relat+ ! mann] ( _!          
,g5]ation2 t o!rs also may h !          
opportunity ( mak+ pro( h]e(4  #bh4 4   
,:5 ,i made ! ,exp]im5ts = ?is & ! =ego+
 ,disc\rse1 n hav+ s good conv5i5cy at  
home = mak+ ! ,salts ,i us$3 ,i procur$ 
!m all 7except t ( ,firne1 :i* ,i made  
my self7 to be purposely prep>$ by ,mr4 
,john ,black/one a ,london ,apo!c>y1 :o 
assur$ me ( 8 great c>e h]e92 &         
p>ticul>ly1 t he add$ no ,nitre to :it5 

any ( ! ,salts )1 z is commonly done = t
 ( ,t>t>4                 ,i d decl>e1  
,t all ! ,lixivial ,salts m5tion$       
9 ?is & ! =ego+ ,disc\rse except t (    
,firne1 7 fai?fully prep>$ by me        
,john ,black/one4                       
,a                                      
,,disc\rse                              
,,( ,,!                                 
,,col\rs                                
,,(                                     
,,plants4               ,read be=e !    
,royal ,society1 ,may #c4 #afgg4        
,,*ap4 ,i4                ,( ! ,,col\rs 
( ,plants 9 _! ,natural                 
,e/ate4   ,,hav+ =m]ly made "s          
,obs]vations ( ! ,col\rs ( ,plants2     
,idea1 4 #bg4 & ,anat4 ( ,r4 ,p4 #b4 4  
#fe1 c4  ,i %all n[ crave leave to add  
"s m to !m ( ! l ,nature4 ,none ( :i*1  
nor any ( ! ,conclusions !nce d$uc$1 w1 
if duly consid]$1 appe> contr>y to !    
,hypo!sis & ,exp]im5ts ( ,mr4 ,boyle1   
,mr4 ,des ,c>tes1 ,mr4 ,hook1 ,mr4      
,newton1 or any o!r1 conc]n+ ,col\rs4 ,z

 n hav+ respect to ! ,col\rs ( all      
,bodies 9 g5]al4 ,nor to ! ,body (      
,col\r1 :i* is ,light2 ,nor to ! =mal   
notion ( ,col\rs 7ad extra7 z ! ,rays ( 
,light are mov$ or mix$3 ,b to ^?       
,mat]ials1 :i* are pr9cipally necess>y  
to _! ,production 9 ,plants4 ,conc]n+   
:i*1 ! pres5t ,disc\rse %all be r$uc$ to
 ^! ,?ree g5]al ,heads1 scil4  #b4 4    
,fir/1 ,( ^? sev]al ,col\rs1 :i* appe> 9
 ,plants 9 _! ,natural ,e/ate4  #c4 4   
,secondly1 ,z !y appe> ^u ! ,infusion ( 
,plants into sev]al ,sorts ( ,liquors4  
#d4 4 ,?irdly1 ,z ^u ! ,mixture ( ^?    
,infusions1 or ( any "o ( !m ) "s o!r   
,liquor1 or o!r ,body4  #e4 4 ,z !y     
appe> 9 ! ,plants !mselves1 x may be    
obs]v$ 9 ! fir/ place1 ,t !re is a f>   
less v>iety 9 ! ,col\rs ( ,roots1 ?an ( 
! o!r ,p>ts3 ! ,p>5*yma be+1 )9 ! ,sk91 
usually ,:ite1 sometimes ,yell[1 r>ely  
,r$4 ,! ,cause h]e( be+1 = t !y are     
kept1 by ! ,e>?1 f a free & op5 ,a]2 :i*
 concurre? ) ! ,juyces ( ! sev]al ,p>ts1
 to ! ,production ( _! sev]al ,col\rs4  

,& !re=e ! upp] p>ts ( ,roots1 :5 !y    
happ5 to /& nak$ above ! ,gr\nd1 are (t5
 dey$ ) sev]al ,col\rs3 s ! tops (      
,sorrel ,roots w turn ,r$1 ^? ( ,mull51 
,turneps & ,radi%es1 w turn purple1 & _m
 o!rs gre54 ,:]eas ^? p>ts ( ! same     
,roots :i* lie m "u ,gr\nd1 are commonly
 ,:ite4  #f4 4 ,z ,roots are m commonly 
,:ite2 s ! ,leaves1 ,gre54 ,:i* ,col\r  
is s prop] to !m1 t _m ,leaves1 z ^? (  
,sage1 ! "y ,spr\ts ( ,/4 ,johns-wort1 &
 o!rs1 :i* are ,r$i% :5 9 ! ,bud2 ^u _! 
full ,gr[?1 acquire a p]fect ,gre54  #g4
 4 ,! ,cause ( ?is ,col\r1 is ! action (
 ! ,a]1 bo? f )91 & f )\t ! ,plant1 ^u !
 ,juyces !re(1 :]eby x /rikes !m into t 
,col\r4  #h4 4 ,by ! ,a] f )\t1 ,i mean 
t :i* surr\nds ! ,body ( ! ,plant3 :i*  
is ! ,cause ( its ,gre5ess1 n me]ly z x 
is contigu\s to x1 b z x p5etrates ?r\gh
 ! ,pores ( ! ,sk91 !re9to2 & s mix+ ) !
 ,juyces !re(1 pla9ly deys or /rikes !m 
into a ,gre54  #i4 4 ,by ! ,a] f )91 ,i 
mean1 t :i* entr+1 toge!r ) ! ,alim5t1  
at ! ,root1 !nce asc5ds by !            

,a]-,vessels1 into ! ,trunk & ,leaves1 &
 is !re transfus$ into all ! sev]al     
,juyces1 !reby likewise concurr+ to _!  
,v]dure4 ,:5ce x is1 t ! ,p>ts ( ,plants
 :i* lie "u ,wat]1 are ,gre51 z well z  
^? :i* /& above x2 because1 ?\gh !      
ambi5t ,a]1 conte9$ 9 ! ,wat] be b      
little1 yet ! want ( x is comp5sat$1 by 
t :i* asc5ds f ! ,root4  #aj4 4 ,& !re=e
 x is obs]vable1 t ! ,/alks (           
,m>%-,mall[1 & "s o!r ,plants1 be+ cut  
transv]sly1 ?\gh ! ,p>5*yma 9 ! ,b>que  
be :ite1 yet ! ,sap-,vessels :i* lie )9 
t ,p>5*yma1 are z ,gre5 z ! ,sk9 x self2
 scil4 because !y /& close to !         
,a]-,vessels4 ,! ,p>5*yma1 ,i say1 :i*  
is int]cept$ f ! ,a]1 )\t1 by ! ,sk92 & 
f ! ,a] )91 by ! ,sap ,vessels1 is :ite3
 b ! ,sk91 :i* is expos$ to ! ,a] )\t1 &
 ! ,sap-,vessels :i* are next neighb\rs 
to t )91 are bo? equally ,gre54 ,s      
likewise if a ,c>rot be pluck$ up1 &    
suff]$ to lie sometime 9 ! op5 ,a]2 t "p
 :i* /&e? 9 & ne> ! ,c5tre1 among/ !    
,a]-,vessels1 w become ,gre5 z well z ! 

,sk91 all ! o!r ,p>ts cont9u+ ( a ,r$i% 
,yell[1 z be=e4 ,! ,a] !re=e1 bo? f )\t1
 & f )9 ! ,plant1 toge!r ) ! ,juyces ( !
 ,plant1 are all ! concurr5t ,causes (  
its ,v]dure4   #aa4 4 ,,b h[ do? ! ,a]  
concur to ! ,gre5ess ( ,plants8 ,i      
answ]2 ,n z x is me]ly ei!r cold or dry1
 or moi/1 nor yet quat5us ,a]2 b z x is 
a mix$1 & p>ticul>ly1 a ,sal9e ,body3 t 
is1 z !re is a consid]able quantity (   
,sal9e ,p>ts mix$ ) ^? :i* are prop]ly  
,a]eal4 ,x be+ pla9 f manifold          
,exp]i5ce2 ,t ! sev]al k9ds ( ,salts1   
are ! gr& ,ag5ts 9 ! ,v>iation (        
,col\rs4 ,s t1 to speak /rictly1 al?\gh 
,sulphur be inde$ ! ,female1 or ,mat]ia 
sub/rata1 ( all ,col\rs2 yet ,salt is ! 
,male or ,prime ,ag5t1 by :i* ! ,sulphur
 is det]m9$ to ! ,production ( "o       
,col\r1 & n ( ano!r4  #ab4 4 ,if !n x be
 ! ,a] mix$ ) ! ,juyces ( a ,plant1 & ! 
,salt ( ! ,a]1 t makes x ,gre52 ,x may  
fur!r be ask$1 :at k9d ( ,salt8 ,b ?is  
is m h>d to judge (4 ,yet x seeme?1 t x 
is n an ,acid1 b a ,subalkal9e ,salt2 or

 at lea/ "s ,salt :i* is diff]5t f a    
simple ,acid1 & ha? an ,aff9ity )       
,alkalies4  #ac4 4 ,"o reason :y ,i s   
judge1 is1 ,because t al?\gh all ,plants
 yield an ,alkaly1 or o!r ,salt diff]5t 
f an ,acid1 & "s 9 good quantity2 yet 9 
mo/ ,plants1 ! ,prdom9ant ,pr9ciple is  
an ,acid4 ,s t ! ,supply ( an ,acid     
,pr9ciple f ! ,a]1 = ! ,production ( a  
,gre5 ,col\r1 z x w\ld be sup]flu\s2 ,s 
also ineffectual3 a diff]5t ,pr9ciple   
be+ requisite to ! /rik+ ( ?is1 toge!r )
 ! ,sulphur1 into a ,gre5 ,col\r4  #ad4 
4 ,i suppose !re=e1 ,t n only ,gre51 b  
all ! ,col\rs ( ,plants1 are a k9d (    
,precipitate1 result+ f ! concurr5ce ( !
 ,sal9e ,p>ts ( ! ,a]1 ) ! ,sal9e &     
,sulphuri\s ,p>ts ( ! ,plant2 & t !     
,subalkal9e1 or o!r l ,sal9e ,"p ( !    
,a]1 is concurr5t ) ! ,acid &           
,sulphuri\s ,p>ts ( ,plants1 = !        
,production ( _! ,v]dure2 t is1 z !y    
/rike altoge!r into a ,gre5             
,precipitate4 ,:i* also seeme? to be    
confirm$ by div]s ,exp]im5ts h]eaft]    

m5tion$4   #ae4 4 ,,! ,col\rs ( ,fl[]s  
are v>i\s2 diff]+ !re9 n only f ! ,leaf1
 b "o f ano!r4 ,yet all seem to dep5d ^u
 ! g5]al ,causes a=esaid4 ,& !re=e !    
,col\rs ( ,fl[]s1 z well z ( ,leaves1 to
 result n solely f ! ,cont5ts ( !       
,plant1 b f ! concurr5ce likewise ( !   
ambi5t ,a]4 ,h5ce x is1 t z !y gradually
 op51 & are expos$ to ! ,a]1 !y /ill    
ei!r acquire1 or *ange _! ,col\r3 no    
,fl[] hav+ its prop] ,col\r 9 ! ,bud1   
7?\gh x be !n p]fectly =m$7 b only :5 x 
is exp&$4 ,s ! ,purple ,fl[] (          
,/ock-,july ,fl[]s1 :ile !y are 9 !     
,bud1 are :ite1 or pale4 ,s ,bat*elors  
,buttons1 ,blew ,bottle1 ,poppy1 ,r$    
,daisies1 & _m o!rs1 ?\gh ( div]s       
,col\rs :5 bl[n1 yet are all :ite 9 !   
,bud4 ,& _m ,fl[]s d ?us *ange _!       
,col\rs ?rice successively2 z ! y\nge/  
,buds ( ,ladys-,look+lass1 ,bugloss & ! 
l1 are all :ite1 ! l>g] ,buds are purple
 or murrey1 & ! op5 ,fl[]s1 blew3       
accord+ z !y come /ill ne]]1 & are long]
 expos$1 to ! ,a]4  #af4 4 ,b if !      

,col\r ( ! ,fl[] dep5de? on ! ambi5t    
,a]2 x may be ask$3 ,h[ x comes to pass 
!n1 t ?is ,col\r is v>i\s1 & n "o1 & t  
"o1 a ,gre58 t is to say t all ,fl[]s   
are n ,gre51 z well z ! ,leaves8 ,9     
answ] to ?is ,?ree ?+s are to be        
premis$4  #ag4 4 ,fir/1 ,:at 0 said     
be=e1 is to be remembr$1 t "h ! ,a] is n
 a solit>y1 b concurr5t ,cause4 ,s t    
besides ! ,efficacy ( ?is1 we are to    
consid] t ( ! sev]al p>ts ( ! ,plant1 by
 :i* ! ,cont5ts bo? ,a]eal & ,liquid are
 suppli$ to ! ,fl[]4  #ah4 4 ,secondly1 
,t 9 ! ,lymphducts ( a ,plant1 ,sulphur 
is ! pr$om9ant ,pr9ciple1 & mu* m ab\nd+
 ?an 9 any o!r "p ( a ,plant1 z also ha?
 be5 =m]ly %ew$4  #ai4 4 ,?irdly1 ,t x  
appe>s1 accord+ to :at we h obs]v$ 9 !  
,anatomy ( ! ,fl[]1 ,t ! quantity (     
,lymphducts ) respect to ! ,a]-,vessels 
is great] 9 ! ,fl[] ?an 9 ! ,leaf4  #bj4
 4 ,x seeme? !re=e1 t ! ,a]-,vessels1 & 
!re=e ! ,a]1 be+ pr$om9ant 9 ! ,leaf2   
,gre51 is !re9 also ! pr$om9ant ,col\r4 
,i say pr$om9ant1 because !re are o!r   

,col\rs lye vail$ "u ! ,gre51 ev5 9 !   
,leafe1 z w h]eaft] appe> m manife/4    
#ba4 4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! ,lymphducts1 &  
!re=e ! ,sulphur1 be+ m1 & !            
,a]-,vessels & !re=e ! ,a]1 less1 9 !   
,fl[] ?an 9 ! ,leaf2 ! ambi5t ,a] alone 
is n able to controle ! ,sulphur s f>1 b
 t x g5]ally c>rys ! greate/ port 9 !   
,production ( ! ,col\r4 ,yet 9 diff]5t  
degrees2 ,= if ! proportion betwixt !   
,lymphducts & ! ,a]-,vessels be m equal1
 ! ,fl[] is ei!r ,:ite or else ,yell[1  
:i* latt] ,col\r is ! next ( k9 to a    
,gre54 ,if ! ,sulphur be some:at        
pr$om9ant1 ! ,fl[] w %ew x self ,r$ at  
fir/2 b ! ambi5t ,a] ha? s mu* p[] ^u x1
 z gradually to turn ! ,r$ into a ,blew4
 ,b if ! ,sulphur be mu* pr$om9ant1 !n !
 ,acid ( ! ambi5t ,a] w height5 x to a  
fix$ ,r$4  #bb4 4 ,h5ce x is1 t ,yell[s 
& ,gre5s are less alt]able1 ^u ! dry+ ( 
,plants ?an o!r ,col\rs2 sc4 ,because ! 
,a] be+ pr$om9ant 9 _! ,production1 !y  
are ! less lyable to suff] f x aft]w>ds4
 ,:]eas ,r$s & ,purples1 9 ! ,production

 :]e( ,sulphur is pr$om9ant1 are v      
*angeable4 ,s ! ,r$ ,fl[]s ( ,lysima*ia1
 ^u dry+1 turn ,purple1 & ! "y purple   
,fl[]s ( ,bugloss turn ,blew4 ,s        
likewise ! ,purple ( ,bilb]ries1 & !    
,crimson ( bak$ ,damasc5s1 bo? turn     
,blew4 ,= be+ ga!r$1 & s want+ a cont9u$
 supply ( fre% ,sulphur1 to be> up !    
,col\r aga9/ ! =ce ( ! ,a]2 x /rikes x  
d[n at la/ f ,r$ to ,purple or ,blew4 ,i
 conclude !re=e1 t "o ,pr9cipal ,cause (
 ! ,v>iety ( ,col\rs 9 ! ,fl[]1 is ! ov]
 proportion ( ! ,lymph$ucts to !        
,a]-,vessels1 & !re=e ! dom9ion ( !     
,sulphur ov] ! ,a]1 !re94  #bc4 4 ,if x 
be object$1 t ! ,a] do? n deep51 b      
hight5 ! ,col\r ( ! ,blood3 ,i answ]1   
,fir/1 ,t ,i am n n[ speak+ ( ,animal1 b
 ( ,vegetable ,bodies2 ! same ,a] :i*   
hight5s ! ,col\r ( ,blood "o way1 may   
deep5 t ( a ,fl[]1 ano!r3 nay & may     
hight5 t ( "s ,fl[]s too1 "s o!r way4   
#bd4 4 ,& !re=e1 ,secondly1 x is to be  
consid]$1 ,t z !re is n "o only1 b div]s
 ,sal9e ,pr9ciples 9 ! ,a]2 s are !re   

also 9 ! sev]al ,p>ts ( "o ,plant2 z 9 !
 ,root1 ( "o sort2 9 ! ,leavs1 ( ano!r2 
9 ! ,fl[]1 ( ano!r2 & s 9 ! o!r ,p>ts4  
,= s9ce ! ,figuration ( ! ,p>ts ( a     
,plant dep5de? *iefly ^u ! ,sal9e       
,pr9ciples3 & t ! ,fl[] ha? a diff]5t   
,figure f t ( ! ,leaf3 x foll[s1 t !re  
is "s ,sal9e ,pr9ciple 9 ! "o1 :i* is n 
9 ! o!r1 especially1 all 9 su* ,fl[]s1  
^: ,figures are cut out by a great]     
,v>iety & ,complication ( ,l9es4 ,!     
,leavs !re=e1 ?\gh v>i\sly %ap$1 yet    
agree+ s f> 9 "o common ,figure1 z      
usualy to be flat2 x !re=e seeme? pla91 
t !re is a ,sal9e ,pr9ciple 9 !m all1 s 
f> "o1 z to be ! *ief ,cause ( t common 
,figure3 & 9 concurr5ce ) ! ambi5t ,a]1 
to be likewise ! *ief ,cause ( "o common
 ,col\r1 sc4 a ,gre54  #be4 4 ,:]eas !  
,figure ( ! ,fl[]s1 & !re=e _! ,sal9e   
,pr9ciple1 be+ m v>i\s1 & commonly      
di/9ct f t ( ! ,leaf2 x w easily concur 
) z a great ,v>iety ( ,salts 9 ! ,a]1   
:e!r ,acid1 ,alkal9e1 ,nitr\s1 ,ur9\s1  
,armoniacal1 or any o!r !re9 exi/5t1 to 

! ,precipitation ( ! ,sulphur into ! l  
,v>iety ( ,col\rs4 ,?us f> ( ! ,col\rs (
 ,plants z !y appe> 9 _! ,natural       
,e/ate4                                 
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                  ,( !      
,,col\rs ( ,plants by ,infusion4   ,,!  
next g5]al ,inquiry1 propos$ to be made1
 0 ?is1 ,aft] :at mann] ! ,col\rs (     
,plants %ew !mselves1 ^u _! infusion    
into ,liquors4 ,! ,liquors ,i made use (
 = ?is purpose1 7 ?ree1 sc4 ,oyl (      
,olives1 ,wat]1 & ,_s ( ,w9e4 ,! ,wat]  
,i us$ 0 f ! ,?ames1 because ,i c\ld n  
procure any cle> ,ra9 ,wat]1 & _h n     
leasure at pres5t to di/ill any4 ,b next
 to ?is1 t yields z little ,salt1 z any4
  #b4 4 ,z = ,oyl1 x is kn[n1 t mo/     
,plants ei!r by ,coction or long        
,infusion1 w give x _! ,gre5 ,col\r4 ,i 
h likewise try$ "s ,yell[s1 & f9d !y w d
 indiff]5tly well2 z ,saffron1 :i*1 by  
,infusion 9 ,oyl1 gives x a light gold5 
,t9cture4  #c4 4 ,div]s ,aromatick      
,plants1 z ,m9t1 ,majorane1 c4 be+ dry$ 
& infus$ 9 ,oyl give x a d\ble ,t9cture1

 bo? gre5 & yell[2 "o drop ( ! ,oyl %ew+
 gre52 b a good quantity ( x held up    
aga9/ a c&le looke? r$i% or ( a deep    
yell[4  #d4 4 ,b !re is no ,vegetable   
yet kn[n :i* gives a true ,r$ to ,oyl1  
except ,alkanet ,root3 ) :i*1 "s col\r+ 
ei!r common or o!r ,oyl1 v5d x "u ! "n (
 ! ,r$ ,oyl ( ,scorpions4  #e4 4 ,^! ?+s
 confirm :at we h said conc]n+ ! ,causes
 ( ,col\rs 9 ! ,leavs & ,fl[]s (        
,plants1 ^u ?is tw(old ,consid]ation4   
,disc\rse ( ,mixture ,*4 #e4 ,in/4 #b4 4
 #c4  ,in/4 #e4  ,fir/1 t ,oyl is ! mo/ 
prop] ,m5/ruum ( ,sulphur4 ,secondly1 t 
,oyls h a great] congruity ) ,acids ?an 
) ,alkalies2 z ,i h =m]ly %ew$4  #f4 4  
,i say !re=e1 t 9 ,blews1 ,purples &    
especially ,r$s1 ! pr$om9ant ,pr9ciples 
be+ ,sulphur & ,acid1 ! ,oyl ei!r       
ab/racts ! ,sulphur ( x self1 or at     
lea/1 unlocks x f ! ,acid ,p>ts2 :]eby  
bo? ( !m are be/[$ sep]ately to _! l    
p>ts 9 ! ,oyl2 ^u :i* _! disunion !     
,col\r vani%es3 t dep5d+1 n ^u ei!r ( !m
 alone1 :i* ( !mselves are ,col\rless1 b

 ^u bo? unit$ toge!r4  #g4 4 ,on !      
contr>y1 a ,gre5 ,col\r n dep5d+ on a   
pr$om9ant ,acid1 b an ,alkaly1 or "s    
,sal9e ,pr9ciple diff]5t f an ,acid2 ?is
 w n s easiely be imbib$ sep>ately1 into
 ! ,pores ( ! ,oyl1 b only by m$iation (
 _! ,sulphur4 ,s t be+ bo? imbib$ )\t   
any disunion1 !y /ill rete9 ! same gre5 
,col\r !y _h be=e 9 ! ,plant4  #h4 4    
,h5ce also x is1 t r$ ,roses be+ dry$ & 
infus$ "s "t 9 ,oyl ( ,anise ,se$s1 a m 
pot5t ,m5/ruum ?an ,common ,oyl2 !y     
:olly lose _! own ,col\r1 & turn :ite2 !
 ,oyl rema9+ ,limpid1 z at ! fir/4 ,t is
 ! ,sulphur or t "p ( x on :i* *eifly ! 
,r$ dep5d$1 is absorb$ sep>ately by !   
,oyl1 & s ! ,col\r vani%es4   #i4 4 ,a  
,,second ,m5/ruum ,i made use (1 0      
,wat]4 ,& ,fir/1 ,alkanet ,root1 :i*    
imm$iately t9ctures ,oyl ) a deep] ,r$1 
w n col\r ,wat] 9 ! lea/4  #aj4 4 ,next 
x is obs]vable1 ,t ,wat] w take all !   
,col\rs ( ,plants 9 ,infusion except a  
,gre54 ,s t z no ,plant w by ,infusion  
give a p]fect ,blew to ,oyl2 s _! is    

none1 t ,i "k (1 :i*1 by ,infusion w    
give a p]fect ,gre5 to ,wat]4  #aa4 4 ,b
 al?\gh ! ,gre5 ,leavs w n give _!      
visible ,col\r1 by ,infusion 9 ,wat]2   
yet !y w give mo/ o!r ,col\rs1 z well z 
! ,fl[]s !mselves4 ,s ! ,gre5 ,leavs (  
,c9quefoyl1 give a ,t9cture no high] ?an
 to resemble ,rh5i% ,w9e2 ^? ( ,hyssop1 
,can>y2 ( ,/rawb]rey1 ,malaga2 ( ,m9t1  
,muscad9e2 ( ,wood-,sorrel1 ,wat] & "s  
drops ( ,cl>et2 ( ,blood-wort1 ,wat] & a
 da% ( ,cl>et2 & ^? ( ,bawm make a      
,t9cture ne> z r$ z ord9>y ,cl>et alone4
 ,all ,aromatick hot ,plants1 give a    
yell[-r$ ,t9cture1 or colorem ex luteo  
rubrum4 ,all ,plants ) a yell[ ,fl[]    
give ei!r a pale citr9e or yell[i%      
,t9cture2 & ! l4 ,yet all give n _!     
,t9cture 9 ! same space ( "t2 "s requir+
 a =tnight1 o!rs a week1 o!rs five1 ?ree
 or two days1 & "s b "o1 or half a day4 
,f h5ce x appe>s1 t ! ,col\rs ( mo/     
,fl[]s are begun 9 ! ,leavs2 only ,gre5 
be+ !re9 ! pr$om9ant ,col\r1 z a veil   
spr$ ov] !m1 conceils all ! re/4 ,b     

pass+ on into ! ,fl[]1 :]e !            
,a]-,vessels1 z is a=esaid1 are "u !    
dom9ion ( ! ,lymphducts2 !y %[ !mselves 
di/9ctly4   #ab4 4 ,a ,,?ird & ! la/    
,m5/ruum ,i made use (1 0 ,_s ( ,w9e4 ,&
 "h x is to be rem>qu$2 ,t z ,oyl r>ely 
takes a ,r$1 !re be+ b "o kn[n ,in/ance 
( x2 nor ,wat]1 a ,gre53 ,s nei!r ,_s ( 
,w9e1 a ,blew4 ,i h try$ ) sev]al blew  
,fl[]s1 z ( ,l>k-heel1 ,violet1 ,mall[s1
 ,burrage1 & o!rs1 :]e( x w n take !    
lea/ ,t9cture4  #ac4 4 ,aga9 ?\gh no    
,blew ,fl[]s1 t ,i "k (1 w give a ,blew 
,t9cture to ,_s ( ,w9e3 yet hav+ be5 =  
"s days infus$ 9 ! said ,_s1 & ! ,_s    
/ill rema9+ 9 a mann] ,limpid1 & void ( 
! lea/ ,ray ( ,blew2 if y drop into x a 
little ,_s ( ,sulphur1 x is some:at     
surpriz+ to see1 t x imm$iately /rikes x
 into a full ,r$1 z if x _h be5 ,blew   
be=e3 & s1 if y drop ,_s ( ,sal         
,armoniac or o!r ,alkaly ^u x1 x        
pres5tly /rikes x ,gre54 ,:i* fur!r     
confirms :at h be5 be=e said ( ! ,causes
 ( ,vegetable ,col\rs4  #ad4 4 ,x is    

also obs]vable1 ,t ! ,gre5 ,leaves (    
,bawm1 :i* give a ,muscad9e ,r$1 ) "s   
,rays ( ,cl>et1 to ,wat]1 gives a pure &
 p]fect ,gre5 to ,_s ( ,w9e3 & is ! only
 ,plant ( all t ,i h yet try$1 :i* do? !
 l4  #ae4 4 ,x is likewise to be not$1  
,t bo? ,yell[ & ,r$ ,fl[]s give a /rong]
 & full] ,t9cture to ,wat]1 ?an to ,_s (
 ,w9e2 z 9 ! ,t9ctures ( ,c[slip1       
,poppys1 ,clove-,july-,fl[]s & ,roses1  
made bo? 9 ,wat] & ,_s ( ,w9e1 & comp>$ 
toge!r1 is easily se54 ,s t = ,t9ctures 
made ) ,fl[]s1 :e!r = ,m$ic9es1 or o!r  
purposes1 ,wat]1 ) respect to ! ,col\r1 
is ! bett] ,m5/ruum4 ,i say = ,t9ctures 
made ) ,fl[]s2 = !re are "s o!r ,p>ts1  
especially ,gumms1 z ,gamboja1 ,myrrh & 
,aloes1 :i* give _! ,t9ctures full &    
cle>1 only to ,_s ( ,w9e4 ,"s ( :i* are 
us$ by ,lea!r-,gild]s1 & o!rs1 = ! wa%+ 
ov] ( ,silv]1 s z to give x ! ,col\r (  
,gold4 ,?us f> ( ! ,col\rs ( ,plants z  
!y appe> ^u ,infusion4                  
,,*ap4 ,,iii4           ,( ! ,,col\rs ( 
,plants produc$ by _! ,mixture          

) o!r ,bodies4   ,,! la/ g5]al ,enquiry 
propos$ to be made1 0 ?is1 ,aft] :at    
mann] !y w\ld exhibite !mselves ^u !    
,mixture ( ^? ,infusions1 or ( any "o ( 
!m ) "s o!r ,liquor4  #b4 4 ,a /rong    
,infusion1 or ! ,juyce ( ! ,leavs (     
,rose-,tree1 ,raspis1 ,/rawb]ry1        
,cynquefoyle1 ,goosb]ry1 ,primrose1     
,j]usalem ,c[slip1 ,be>s-e>e1 ,be>sfoot1
 ,peony1 ,bi/ort1 ,lawrel1 ,goats-be>d1 
drop$ ^u ,/eel1 make a ,purple ,t9cture4
 ,b t ( ,v9e ,leaves sc>ce make? any    
,t9cture at all4 ,s t !re is some?+ else
 besides ,s[]ness concurr+ to ! ,purple 
^u ,/eel4  #c4 4 ,sac*>um ,saturni drop$
 on a ,t9cture ( ,r$ ,roses1 turne? x to
 a fa9t pale ,gre54  #d4 4 ,salt ( ,t>t>
 drop$ ^u ! same ,t9cture1 turne? x to a
 deep] ,gre54  #e4 4 ,_s ( ,h>ts ,horn  
drop$ ^u a ,t9cture ( ! ,fl[] (         
,l>k-heel & ,borage turn !m to a        
v]degreese ,gre54  #f4 4 ,_s ( ,h>ts    
,horn drop$ on mo/ gre5 ,leavs do? n    
*ange !m at all4 ,! l ,effects h ,aq4   
,calcis1 & ,_s ( ,s4 ,armoniac4  #g4 4  

,^! ,exp]im5ts seem to confirm1 ,t x is 
"s ,alkal9e or o!r l ,salt 9 ! ,a]1 :i* 
is pr$om9ant 9 ! production ( ,gre5 9 ! 
,leavs ( ,plants4  #h4 4 ,salt ( ,t>t>  
drop$ on ! :ite ,fl[]s ( ,daisy1 *ange? 
!m into a light ,gre54 ,:i* z x fur!r   
confirms ! a=esaid ,position2 s likewise
 argues1 ,t ,:it5ess 9 ,fl[]s1 is n     
always f ! defect ( ,t9cture3 b t !re   
may be ,:ite1 z well z ,yell[1 ,gre51   
,r$ or ,blew ,t9ctures4  #i4 4 ,_s (    
,sulphur drop$ on ! gre5 ,leavs (       
,adonis ,fl[]1 ,ev]la/+ ,pease1 & ,holy 
,oak1 turns !m all ,yell[4  #aj4 4 ,_s (
 ,sulphur on a ,t9cture ( ,saffron      
*ange? x n4  #aa4 4 ,_s ( ,sulphur on ! 
,yell[ ,fl[] ( ,cr[foot alt]s !m n4     
,nei!r are !y *ang$ by ! ,affusion (    
,alkalies4  #ab4 4 ,s t x seeme?1 t 9   
all ,yell[s1 ! ,sulphure\s ,acid &      
,alkal9e ,p>ts are all m equal4  #ac4 4 
,_s ( ,sulphur on a ,t9cture ( ,violets 
turns x f ,blew to a true ,lacke1 or    
midle ,crimson4  #ad4 4 ,_s ( ,sulphur  
^u a ,t9cture ( ,clove-,july-,fl[]s     

makes a bright blood ,r$4 ,into ! l     
,col\r1 x hight5s a ,t9cture ( ,r$      
,roses4  #ae4 4 ,s t z ,alkalys1 or o!r 
,analog\s ,salts1 are pr$om9ant 9       
,gre5s1 s ,acids 9 ,r$s1 especially 9 ! 
bright] ,r$s1 9 ! ,leavs & ,fl[]s (     
,plants4 ,h5ce x is1 t ,_s ( ,nitre     
drop$ ^u ! ,blew ,fl[] ( ,ladies        
,look+-,glass1 ,l>kspur1 ,borage1 turns 
!m all ,r$1 sc4 into ! ,r$ ( ,common    
,ly*nis4 ,b 7:i* is p>ticul>ly to be    
not$7 be+ drop$ on ! said ,r$ ,fl[]s (  
,ly*nis1 alt]s !m little or no?+3       
because1 t v ,col\r is !re9 produc$ by a
 copi\s admixture ( ! l ,pr9ciple4  #af4
 4 ,! ,summ !re=e ( :at ha? n[ be5 said1
 ( ! ,causes ( ,vegetable ,col\rs1 is   
?is3 ,t :ile _! ,sulphur & ,sal9e       
,pr9ciples1 only swim toge!r1 & are n z 
yet unit$ into "o ,precipitate1 no      
,col\r results f !m1 b ! ,cont5ts are r 
,limpid2 z usually 9 ! ,root1 & _m o!r  
,p>5*ym\s ,p>ts4  #ag4 4 ,:5 !y are     
unit$1 & ! ,alkal9e are pr$om9ant1 !y   
produce a ,gre54  #ah4 4 ,:5 ! ,sulphur 

& ! ,alkal9e are m equal1 !y produce a  
,tauny4  #ai4 4 ,:5 ! ,sulphur1 ,acid & 
,alkal9e1 !re a ,yell[4  #bj4 4 ,:5 !   
,sulphur pr$om9ant1 & ! ,acid & ,alkal9e
 equal1 !re a ,blew4  #ba4 4 ,:5 !      
,sulphur & ,acid are pr$om9ant to !     
,alkal9e1 !n a ,purple4  #bb4 4 ,:5 !   
,sulphur pr$om9ant to ! ,alkal9e & !    
,acid to !m bo?1 a ,sc>let4  #bc4 4     
,la/ly1 ,:5 ! ,acid pr$om9ant to !      
,alkal9e1 & ! ,sulphur to !m bo?1 a     
,blood-,r$3 :i* is ! highe/ & mo/       
,sulphuri\s ,col\r 9 ,nature4  #bd4 4 ,f
 ! ,premises1 div]s ,rules d also result
 = ! mak+ ( ,t9ctures1 ei!r = ,m$ic9es1 
or = any o!r purposes4  #be4 4 ,i %all  
only add "o or two ,notes4 ,z fir/1 t ( 
all ,col\rs1 ,yell[s are ! mo/ fix$ &   
unfad+4 ,z = in/ance1 if y drop ei!r a  
,solution ( ,t>t>1 or ( ,_s ( ,sulphur  
^u a ,t9cture ( ! ,yell[ ,fl[]s (       
,cr[foot1 ( ,adonis1 or ( ,saffron1     
nei!r ( !m w alt] _! ,col\r4 ,:i* %ewes 
! /r5g? ( mo/ ,yell[s1 to resi/ all     
mann] ( impressions f ! ,a]4  #bf4 4    

,aga91 t ! use ( ,salts1 is n only to   
hight5 or deep5 ,col\rs1 b also to fix &
 make !m p]man5t4 ,z = ,in/ance1 ,!     
,t9cture ( ,clove-,july-,fl[]s1 made    
ei!r ) ,wat] or ,_s ( ,w9e be+ expos$ to
 ! ,a]1 w (t5 turn into a ,blacki%      
,purple4 ,b ! addition ( a few drops (  
,_s ( ,sulphur1 do? n only hight5 !     
,col\r1 b r5d]s x /able & p]man5t4  #bg4
 4 ,likewise1 ( ,salts !mselves !re is  
*oice to be made4 ,= !re are "s1 :i*    
al?\gh !y fix ! ,col\r1 yet1 w a little 
give1 z we say1 & n hold ?r\ghly dry2 z 
mo/ ,lixivial ,salts1 & ,/illati\s      
,acids4 ,b !re are "s ,salts1 :i* w n   
give 9 ! lea/1 z ,alum1 t 9 ,lime-,wat] 
& "s o!rs2 :i* latt]1 is s f> f be+     
moy/5$1 t x is r petrifi$ by ! ,a]4 ,=  
:i* reason ,i take x to be "o ( ! be/   
,liquors = a /able & p]man5t ,gre51 & "s
 o!r ,col\rs4  #bh4 4 ,among/ all       
,wat]-,col\rs1 ! r>e/1 & mo/ difficult  
to make cle> bright & p]man5t1 is a     
,blew4 ,!re are _m ,fl[]s ( an excell5t 
,blew1 z ^? ( ,bugloss1 ,l>k-heel &     

o!rs2 b !y easily fade4 ,& !re are v few
 ,fl[]s t w /rike into a ,blew by any   
,liquor2 be+ almo/ all *angeable into   
,gre51 ,purple or ,r$4 ,yet "s few !re  
are1 9 :i* ?is ,col\r may be produc$4 ,z
 = in/ance1 ! ,fl[] ( ,la?yrus or       
,p>sev]la/+2 :i* ^u ! affusion ( ,_s (  
,h>ts-,horn is *ang$ f a ,pea*1 to z    
pure a ,blew1 z ! be/ ,ultram>9e3 t :i* 
hi!rto is1 ,i ?9k1 want+ 9 ,wat]        
,col\rs4 ,_s ( ,h>ts ,horn 0 ! ,liquor  
,i us$2 b ,i "q n1 b t o!r ,alkalies1 & 
p>ticul>ly ,lime-,wat]1 w h ! l ,effect1
 & s r5d] x ! m /able4  #bi4 4 ,f :at   
ha? be5 said1 we may likewise be        
confirm$ 9 ! use ( ! already kn[n       
,rules1 & direct$ unto o!rs yet unkn[n1 
9 ord] to ! v>iation ( ! ,col\rs (      
,fl[]s 9 _! ,gr[?4 ,! effect+ ( ?is1 by 
putt+ ! ,col\r desir$ 9 ! ,fl[]1 into ! 
,body or ,root ( ! ,plant1 is va9ly     
talk$ ( by "s3 be+ su* a piece ( cunn+1 
z = ! obta9+ a pa9t$ face1 to eat good  
/ore ( :ite & ,r$ ,lead4  #cj4 4 ,! be/ 
kn[n ,rules are ^! ,two2 ,fir/1 t ! ,se$

 be us$ above any o!r "p1 if ! v>iation 
( ! ,col\r be int5d$4 ,"o reason :]e(   
is1 because t "p be+ b v small1 !       
,t9ctures ( ! ,soyl w h ! great] ov]    
proportion to ^? ( ! ,se$4 ,besides1 !  
t5d] & ,virg9 ,se$1 be+ committ$ to !   
,soyl1 w m easily take any peculi>      
,t9cture f x1 !n an o!r ,"p1 :i* is n s 
susceptive1 & ha? be5 t9ctur'd already4 
,all ! /range v>ieties 9 ,c>nations1    
,tulips1 & o!r ,fl[]s are made ?is way4 
#ca4 4 ,! o!r ,rule is1 ,to *ange !     
,soyl1 or frequ5tly to transplant f "o  
,b$ to ano!r4 ,by :i* means1 ! ,plant1  
is z x 71 sup]impregnat$ ) sev]al       
,t9ctures1 :i* are prolifick ( sev]al   
,col\rs2 :i* way is tak5 = ,roots &     
,slips4  #cb4 4 ,! consid]ation :]e(1 & 
( ! =ego+ ,exp]im5ts1 may direct u n    
only 9 *ang+ ! ,b$1 b also 9 comp\nd+ ! 
,soyl1 z by mix+ su* & su* ,salts1 or   
,bodies impregnat$ ) su* ,salts1 ,i say 
by mix+ ^! ,bodies 9 su* a proportion1 )
 ! ,soyl1 z al?\gh !y h no ,col\r 9     
!mselves1 yet may be effectual to       

produce a great v>iety ( ,col\rs 9 !    
,plants !y n\ri%2 supply+ ! ,plants )   
su* ,t9ctures1 z %all concur ) ! ,a]1 to
 /rike or precipitate _! ,sulphur into s
 _m sev]al ,col\rs1 aft] ! mann] above  
explicat$3 & s to br+ ev5 ,natures ,art 
( ,pa9t+1 9 a great "p1 into our own    
p[]4                                    
,a                                      
,,disc\rse                              
,,( ,,!                                 
,,div]sities & ,,causes                 
,,(                                     
,,ta/s                                  
,,*iefly ,,9                            
,,plants4             ,read be=e !      
,royal ,society1 ,m>* #be4 #afge4       
,,*ap4 ,i4    ,( ! sev]al ,sorts (      
,,simple & ,,comp\nd$ ,ta/s2 & !        
,,degrees ( bo?4   ,i ,,h =m]ly publi%$ 
"s ,notes1 conc]n+ ,ta/s4  ,idea1 4 #bi4
  ,anat4 ( ,r4 ,p4 #b4 4 #fh1 c4  ,s9ce 
!n1 ,i h made o!r ,obs]vations ^u ! same
 ,subject3 & ^! h produc$ fur!r ,?\ghts4
 ,i w summ up all 9 give+ an acc\nt1    

,fir/1 ( ! ,div]sities2 & !n1 ( !       
,causes ( ,ta/s1 *iefly 9 ,plants4  #b4 
4 ,! ,div]sities ( ,ta/s are s _m1 & s  
consid]able2 t x seeme? /range1 to see !
 matt] treat$ ( bo? by ,philosoph]s &   
,physicians1 ) s mu* scantness & defect4
 ,= ! ,subject is n b>r51 b yielde? mu* 
& pleasant ,v>iety4 ,& do? also appe> to
 be ( great import unto ,m$ic9e4        
,besides1 x is prepo/]\s to disc\rse ( !
 ,causes ( ,ta/s1 be=e we h tak5 an     
acc\nt ( _! ,div]sities2 ,:]e( !re=e ,i 
%all 9 ! fir/ place1 exhibit ! foll[+   
,s*eme4   #c4 4 ,,ta/s may be di/+ui%$  
by ^! ,?ree g5]al ways4 ,fir/1 ) respect
 to ! ,s5sation x self4 ,secondly1 )    
respect to its ,duration & ,t]ms4       
,?irdly1 ) respect to its ,subject4  #d4
 4 ,! ,s5sation x self is diff]5c$ two  
ways1 by its ,species1 & by its         
,degrees4 ,) respect to ! ,species1     
,ta/s are ,simple1 or ,comp\nd$4 ,by    
,simple ,ta/s1 ,i mean n su*1 z are nev]
 f\nd 9 conjunction ) o!r ,ta/s3 b !    
,simple or ,s+le ,modes ( ,ta/1 al?\gh  

!y are mix$ ) div]s o!rs 9 ! same ,body4
 ,z = example1 ! ,ta/e ( a ,pepp91 is   
,acidulcis2 ( ,rhub>b1 ,am>a/r+5s2 &    
!re=e ,comp\nd$ 9 bo?4 ,yet 9 ! ,pepp91 
! ,acid is "o ,simple ,ta/e1 & ! ,sweet 
ano!r2 & s 9 ,rhub>b1 ! ,bitt] is "o    
,simple ,ta/e1 & ! ,a/r+5t is ano!r4    
#e4 4 ,two faults h "h be5 committ$2 !  
defective ,enum]ation ( ,simple ,ta/s2 &
 reckon+ !m indi/9ctly among "s o!rs :i*
 are ,comp\nd$4   #f4 4 ,,simple ,ta/s1 
7( :i*1 prop]ly s call$1 !re are        
commonly reckon$ b ,six or ,sev5        
,sorts17 are1 at lea/ ,sixte54 ,fir/1   
,bitt]1 z 9 ,wormwood3 to :i*1 ! contr>y
 is ,sweet1 z 9 ,sug>4 ,?irdly1 ,s[]1 z 
9 ,v9eg>3 to :i*1 ! contr>y is ,salt4   
,fif?ly1 ,hot1 z 9 ,cloves3 :]eto1 !    
contr>y is ,cold4 ,= we may z prop]ly   
say1 a ,cold ,ta/e1 z a ,hot ,ta/e3 !re 
be+ "s ,bodies1 :i* d manife/ly impress 
! ,s5se ( ,cold ^u ! ,tongue1 ?\gh n by 
,t\*4 ,s do? ,sal ,prunell1 al?\gh !    
,liquor :]e9 x is dissolv$1 be fir/     
w>m$4  #g4 4 ,sev5?ly1 ,aromatick4 ,= x 

do? n m prop]ly agree to an ,odor ?an a 
,ta/e1 to be ,aromatick4 ,& t an        
,aromatick ,ta/e1 is di/9ct f an ,hot1  
is cle>2 ,9 t1 !re are _m ,bodies ( a   
,hot ,ta/e1 "s meanly & o!rs vehem5tly  
,hot2 :i* yet are n 9 ! lea/ ,aromatick3
 z among/ o!rs1 is app>5t 9 ,euphorbium4
 ,s t al?\gh an ,aromatick ,ta/e be (t5 
conjoyn$ ) ,heat2 yet x is n t ,heat x  
self1 b ano!r di/9ct ,s5se4  #h4 4      
,eigh?ly1 ,nause\s or ,malignant1       
contr>y to ! =m]4 ,su* z is p]ceiv$1    
toge!r ) ! ,a/r+5t & ,bitt]1 9 ,rhub>b2 
or ) ! ,bitt]1 & ,sweet1 9 ,aloes4 ,x   
may be call$ ,malignant1 because        
di/a/ful al?\gh mix$ 9 a l[ degree ) o!r
 ,ta/s3 :]eas o!r ,ta/s w r5d] "o ano!r 
grateful4  #i4 4 ,aga91 ,ta/s may       
prop]ly be said1 to be ,s(t or ,h>d4 ,a 
,s(t ,ta/e1 is ei!r ,vapid1 z 9 ,wat]y  
,bodies1 ,:ites ( ,eggs1 ,/>*1 ,f9e     
,boles1 c4 ,or ,unctu\s1 z 9 ,oyls1     
,fat1 c4  #aj4 4 ,a ,h>d ,ta/e is       
,f\rfold1 sc4 ,p5etrant1 ,/upifaci5t1   
,a/r+5t1 ,pung5t4 ,contr>y to a ,vapid1 

are ,p5etrant & ,/upifaci5t4  #aa4 4    
,p5etrant1 is a k9d ( ,ta/e1 :i* worke? 
x self into ! ,tongue 7z "s ,insects    
into ! ,sk97 )\t any ,pung5cy2 z 9 !    
,root & ,leavs ( ,wild ,cucum]4  #ab4 4 
,/upifaci5t1 z 9 ! ,root ( ,black       
,hellebore4 ,:i* be+ *ew'd1 & = sometime
 rete9$ ^u ! ,tongue2 aft] a few m9utes1
 x seeme? to be b5um'd & affect$ ) a k9d
 ( ,p>alytick ,/upor2 or z :5 x ha? be5 
a little burnt ) eat+ or supp+ ( any ?+ 
too hot4  #ac4 4 ,contr>y to an ,unctu\s
 ,ta/e1 are ,a/r+5t1 & ,pung5t2 z 9     
,galls1 & ,_s ( ,sal ,armoniack4  #ad4 4
 ,aga91 ,ta/s are ei!r ,cont9ual1 z mo/ 
commonly3 or ,int]mitt5t2 z t (         
,dracontium1 especially 9 ! ,root4 ,=   
aft] x seems to be lo/ & ext+ui%$2 x w  
!n aga9 7*iefly ^u ! ,collision ( !     
,tongue & ,goomes7 be pla9ly height5$ & 
reviv'd4  #ae4 4 ,la/ly1 ,ta/s are ei!r 
,/ill1 z usually2 or may be call$       
,tremul\s1 z ! ,heat produc$ by         
,pyre?rum4 ,di/9ct f t ( ,cloves1 ,g+]1 
& _m o!r ,hot ,bodies1 9 t !re ! ,heat  

is /ill2 b "h 9 ,pyre?rum1 'tis joyn$ ) 
a k9d ( ,vibration3 z :5 a ,flame is    
br&i%$ ) a ,lamp-,furnace4 ,?us f> ( !  
,sorts ( ,simple ,ta/s4   #af4 4        
,,comp\nd$ ,ta/s are v num]\s2 be+ made 
by ! v>i\s ,conjunction ( ,simple ,ta/s1
 z ,words are ( ,lett]s4 ,sometimes (   
two1 z 9 ,sac*>um ,saturni1 ( ,a/r+5t & 
,sweet4 ,sometimes ?ree1 z 9 ,aloes1    
,malignant1 ,bitt] & ,sweet2 9 ,rhub>b1 
,malignant1 ,a/r+5t & ,bitt]4 ,sometimes
 f\r1 z 9 ,ag>ick1 ,malignant1 ,a/r+5t1 
,bitt] & ,sweet4 ,& 9 "s ,bodies1 five  
or six ,species may be joyn$ toge!r4    
#ag4 4 ,= ! m accurate ,obs]vation :]e(1
 !re are ^! easie ,rules4 ,t n too _m be
 ta/$ at "o "t3 lea/ ! ,tongue be+      
sur*>g$1 become less critical4 ,t ! ,m\?
 be wa%$ ) w>m wat] betwixt e ta/+4 ,& t
 ^? ?+s be fir/ ta/$ :i* produce a less 
durable ,ta/e2 t s "o may be ?r\ghly    
ext+ui%$1 be=e ano!r be try'd4  #ah4 4  
,( ! num]\s ,conjunctions ( ,ta/s1 :i*  
may ?us be obs]v$1 !re are only ,six to 
:i* ! p5ury ( ,language ha? all[$ 7if ,i

 may call !m7 ,prop] ,names1 sc4        
,ac]bus1 ,au/]us1 ,acris1 ,muriaticus1  
,lixivus  ,nitrosus4 ,mo/ ( :i* are     
commonly tak5 9 to make up ! numb] (    
,simple ,ta/s4 ,b v improp]ly2 be+ all (
 !m ,comp\nd$ & ,decomp\nd$ ,ta/s3 to   
:i* ,class !y ought !re=e to be ref]'d4 
,=  #ai4 4 ,au/]e1 is ,a/r+5t & ,bitt]2 
z 9 ! gre5 & s(t ,/ones ( ,grapes4  #bj4
 4 ,ac]b1 prop]ly s call$1 is ,a/r+5t & 
,acid2 z 9 ! ,juyce ( unripe ,grapes4   
#ba4 4 ,acris1 is also ,comp\nd$4 ,=    
fir/1 simply ,hot1 x is n3 because !re  
are _m ,hot ,bodies1 :i* are n ,acria2 z
 ! ,roots ( ,z$o>y1 ,y>r[1 ,contray]va4 
,nor ,secondly1 is x simply ,pung5t1    
because !re are also ,bodies1 :i* are   
,non-acria pung5tia2 ( :i* k9d is !     
,root ( ,arum4 ,:]e=e ,acritude1 is     
,pung5cy joyn$ ) ,heat4  #bb4 4         
,muriatick1 is ,saltness joyn$ ) "s     
,pung5cy1 z 9 common ,salt4  #bc4 4     
,lixivial1 is ,saltness joyn$ ) ,pung5cy
 & ,heat4  #bd4 4 ,nitr\s1 is ,saltness 
joyn$ ) ,pung5cy & ,cold4  #be4 4       

,besides ^! ,six1 or p]haps "o or two m1
 !re are1 z is said1 a great numb] (    
,conjunctions1 = :i* we h no ,prop]     
,names4 ,= admit t !re 7 b ,t5 ,species 
( ,simple ,ta/s1 sc4 ^! ,t52 ,am>us1    
,dulcis1 ,acidus1 ,salsus1 ,calidus1    
,frigidus1 ,aromaticus1 ,malignus1      
,a/r+5s1 ,pung5s4 ,& ( ^! ,t51 b ,two1  
or at mo/1 b ,?ree to be comp\nd$ toge!r
 9 any "o ,body4 ,if only ,two1 !y      
produce #de ,comp\nd$ ,ta/s4 ,= ! ,fir/1
 may be comp\nd$ ) all ! #i foll[+2 !   
,second1 ) all ! #h foll[+2 & s1 ! re/3 
:i* toge!r make #de4 ,b if ! same ,t5 be
 comp\nd$ by ,?rees toge!r2 !y produce  
no less ?an #abj ,v>iations3 z by !     
,table made ( !m all do? pla9ly appe>4  
#bf4 4 ,"s few ( ! ,conjunctions !re9   
set d[n1 may n be f\nd actually exi/5t 9
 ,nature4 ,! abatem5t ( :i*1 w be mu* m 
?an comp5sat$ two ways4 ,fir/1 by ! o!r 
,six ,species ( ,simple ,ta/s1 :i* are  
also sometimes comp\nd$4 ,& by o!r m    
complex ,conjunctions1 z ( _m           
,quadruples1 & p]haps "s ,qu9tuple or   

,sextuple ones4 ,?us f> ( ! ,simple     
,species1 & ,conjunctions ( ,ta/s4      
#bg4 4 ,,! ,,degrees ( ,ta/s are also   
num]\s2 & ea* ,species1 9 e             
,conjunction1 capable ( ,v>iation h]e94 
,= ! m accurate obs]v+ :]e(1 x w be be/1
 ,to take ^? ,bodies1 ^: ,ta/s are1 z   
ne> z may be1 ! same 9 ,specie3 & t ^?  
be fir/ ta/$1 :i* are less /rong2 :]eby 
! true ,degree w be m precisely tak54   
#bh4 4 ,! ,ta/s ( ,bodies w ?us appe> to
 be v>i$1 9 mo/ ,species unto ,five     
,degrees2 & 9 "s ( !m1 unto ,t54 ,s !   
,root ( ,turm]ick1 is bitt] 9 ! ,fir/   
,degree2 ( ,g5tian1 9 ! ,t5?4 ,! ,root (
 ,c>duus ,b5$ictus1 is ,hot 9 ! ,fir/   
,degree2 ! ,gre5 ,pods or ,se$-,cases ( 
,clematis p]egr9a1 9 ! ,t5?4 ,s t1 all[+
 "s to v>y "u ,five2 yet by a mod]ate   
e/imate1 we may reckon e ,species1 "o ) 
ano!r1 to be v>i$ by at lea/ ,five      
,degrees4 ,:i* be+ add$ to ! sev]al     
,species ( ,ta/s1 9 all ! ,treble       
,conjunctions ( ! a=esaid ,table1 come  
to #ahjj s5sible & def9eable ,v>iations 

( ,ta/e4 ,& ^! are ! ,div]sities (      
,ta/e1 ) respect to ! ,s5sation x self4 
,,*ap4 ,,ii4                     ,( !   
,,duration & sev]al ,,t]mes             
( ,ta/s4   ,,! next g5]al way ( di/+ui%+
 ,ta/s1 is by _! ,duration1 & _! ,t]ms1 
or _! ,motion ( ,int5sion & ,remission f
 "o ,degree to ano!r4 ,= !re are _m     
,ta/s1 :i* h _! ,motions analog\s to ^? 
( ,diseases2 & by ^? may be di/+ui%$ 9 !
 same mann]4 ,= z ( ,diseases1 s (      
,ta/s1 !re are ,f\r ,times1 z           
,physicians call !m1 or ,t]ms ( ,motion2
 sc4 ,pr9cipium1 ,augm5tum1 ,/atus1     
,decl9atio4  #b4 4 ,= ! di/9ct obs]v+ ( 
:i*1 ^? ,bodies :i* are h>d1 & s _!     
ta/able p>ts less easily extractable by 
! ,tongue1 %\ld be r$uc$ to a f9e ,p[d]3
 o!rwise1 ! true measure ( ! ,pr9cipium 
w be lo/4 ,& = ! precise measur+ ( all !
 ,f\r ,t]mes1 x %\ld be done by a       
,m9ute-,wat* or a ,m9ute-,glass4 ,= s x 
w appe>1 t ! ,v>iations ( ea*1 are div]s
 & rem>quable4  #c4 4 ,to in/ance fir/ 9
 ^? ( ! ,pr9cipium4 ,:i* ,i call1 ,t    

space ( "t1 betwixt ! fir/ ,contact ( ! 
,body to be ta/$1 & ! fir/ manife/      
,p]ception ( ! ,ta/e4 ,= ,example1 ^?   
,bodies :i* are ,acid1 or ,bitt]1 z     
,v9eg> or ,wormwood1 are pres5tly       
p]ceiv'd1 quat5us ,acid or ,bitt]1 ^u ! 
fir/ ,contact2 or h ,pr9cipium          
brevissimum4 ,^? ,bodies :i* are ,acrid1
 h _! ,pr9cipium some:at long]4 ,s !    
,se$ ,cases ( ,clematis p]egr9a1 al?\gh 
!y h a vehem5t ,acritude1 ev5 9 ! ,t5?  
,degree2 yet is n t ,acritude s soon    
ta/$1 z ! ,bitt]ness ( ,roses1 :i* is b 
9 ! second4 ,b ! ,pr9cipium ( ,hot      
,ta/s1 is g5]ally long] ?an t ( any o!r4
 ,s ! ,bitt]ness ( ! ,root (            
,black-,hellebore1 :i* exce$e? n !      
second ,degree1 is yet pres5tly ta/$3 b 
! ,heat proce$+ f ! same ,root1 & :i*   
asc5de? to ! ?ird ,degree1 is n p]ceiv$ 
at all1 till aft] two full ,m9utes4 ,& s
 ! ,bitt]ness ( ,enula1 :i* exce$e? n ! 
#d ,degree1 yet is soon] ta/$ ?an its   
,heat1 :i* asc5de? to ! #h4  #d4 4      
,next1 9 ^? ( ! ,augm5t4 ,:i* ,i call1  

,t space1 betwixt ! fir/ ,p]ception ( ! 
,ta/e1 till x be come to ! heigh?4 ,s ! 
,heat ( ,galangale1 is n only pres5tly  
p]ceiv$1 b arise? to ! heigh? )9 half a 
,m9ute4 ,b ! ,heat ( ! ,root ( ,enula1  
comes n to ! heigh? till aft] a :ole    
,m9ute4 ,& ! ,heat ( ,black-,hellebore1 
n till aft] f\r full ,m9utes f ! fir/   
,contact4  #e4 4 ,! ,/atus1 or space    
:]e9 ! ,ta/e cont9ues 9 its heigh?1 is  
also div]s4 ,s ! ,heat ( ! ,se$-,case ( 
,hellebora/]1 comes to its heigh?1 &    
beg9s to decl9e )9 half a ,m9ute2 t ( ! 
,root ( ,g>d5-,scurvygrass1 n till aft] 
a ,m9ute2 & t ( ! ,root ( ,as>um1 n till
 aft] two full ,m9utes4  #f 4 ,& ,la/ly1
 ! ,decl9ation1 or ! space betwixt !    
fir/ ,remission ( ! ,ta/e1 & its total  
,ext9ction4 ,= in/ance1 ,! ,leavs (     
,millefolium1 are ,bitt] 9 ! #d ,degree1
 & ,hot only 9 ! #a yet ! ,heat cont9ues
 = sometime1 & ! ,bitt] pres5tly        
vani%es4 ,calamus ,aromaticus1 is ,bitt]
 9 ! #d ,degree1 ,hot 9 ! #a1 &         
,aromatick 9 ! #c3 yet ! ,bitt] quickly 

vani%es1 ! ,heat cont9ues two ,m9utes1 &
 ! ,aromatick sev5 or eight4 ,! ,heat ( 
! ,root ( ,contray]ra1 is ext5d$1 almo/ 
to two ,m9utes2 ! ,pung5cy ( ,jalap1    
almo/ to six2 ! ,heat ( ,g>d5           
,scurvygrass1 to sev5 or eight4 ,& ev5 !
 ,bitt]ness ( ,wild ,cucum]1 to ne> a   
qu>t] ( an h\r4 ,b ! ,heat ( ,euphorbium
 dure? mu* long]1 z also t ( ,black     
,hellebore1 sc4 above half an h\r4  #g4 
4 ,s t ! ,augm5tum1 is seldom ext5d$    
beyond ,f\r or ,six ,m9utes1 f ! fir/   
,contact3 b ! ,decl9ation1 sometimes to 
,?irty1 ,f\rty1 or m4 ,?us f> ( ! ,t]ms 
( ,ta/1 or ! mann] ( _! ,int5sion &     
,remission4                             
,,*ap4 ,,iii4                     ,( !  
,,subject or ,,seat ( ,ta/s4   ,,! ,?ird
 & ,la/ way ( di/+ui%+ ,ta/s1 is by _!  
,subject1 or ! ,"p or ,p>ts :]e !y are  
ei!r :olly or *iefly p]ceiv$4 ,& s1     
,ta/s are ei!r ,fix$1 or ,movable4  #b4 
4 ,a ,fix$ ,ta/1 is t :i* keepe? )9 !   
compass ( "s "o ,"p1 all ! "t ( its     
,duration2 z ^u ! ,tip1 or ! ,root ( !  

,tongue1 or o!r ,"p4  #c4 4 ,a ,movable 
,ta/e1 is ei!r ,diffusive or            
,transitive4  #d4 4 ,a ,diffusive ,ta/e1
 ,i call t1 :i* by degrees spreads      
abroad into div]s ,p>ts1 & yet 9 ! mean 
"t1 adh]es to t ,"p 9 :i* x is fir/     
p]ceiv$4 ,s ! ,bitt]ness 9 ! dry$ ,roots
 ( ,black ,hellebore1 is fir/ felt on ! 
,tip ( ! ,tongue2 f :5ce x spreads x    
self to ! midle ( ! same4 ,& !          
,bitt]ness ( ! ,leavs ( ,wild ,cucum]1  
spreads f ! ,tip1 to ! ,root ( !        
,tongue4  #e4 4 ,a ,transitive ,ta/e1 is
 t1 :i* aft] sometime1 :olly quitt+ !   
,"p :]e9 x is fir/ p]ceiv$1 is !nce     
transf]$ into "s o!r ,"p3 z ! ,bitt]ness
 ( ,g5tian1 im$iately f ! ,tip1 to !    
midle ( ! ,tongue4 ,& mo/ ( !           
,diffusive1 are also ,transitive4  #f4 4
 ,! sev]al ,p>ts :i* ^! ways become1 & )
 "s latitude may be call$1 ! ,seats (   
,ta/s1 are1 ! ,lips1 ,tongue1 ,palate1  
,?roat & ,gulet4  #g4 4 ,^u ! ,lips1 !  
,root ( :ite ,hellebore1 z also (       
,pyre?rum1 be+ *ew$1 make a s5sible     

,impression2 :i* cont9ues 7l ! flame ( a
 ,coal betwixt 9 & out7 = #i or #aj     
,m9utes4 ,b ! ,heat 9 o!r ,p>ts mu*     
long]4  #h4 4 ,^u ! ,tongue1 ,ta/s are  
p]ceiv$ 9 ,?ree places1 z ha? be5       
intimat$4 ,on ! ,tip or ,cone ( !       
,tongue2 z mo/ commonly4 ,on or ne> !   
,basis ( ! ,tongue2 :]e ! ,ta/e ( !     
,leavs ( ,wild ,cucum] *iefly fixe? x   
self4 ,or on ! ,v]tex or midle ( !      
,tongue2 9 :i* place x is obs]vable1 t !
 ,ta/ ( ,g5tian1 ,colocyn?is1 & div]s   
o!r ,bodies1 is !n consid]ably /rong1 :5
 n at all p]ceiv$ at ! ,tip ( ! ,tongue 
or 9 any o!r ,"p4  #i4 4 ,^u ! ,palate  
or ,ro(e ( ! ,m\?1 ! ,root1 z ,i take x1
 ( ,deadly ,night%ade make? its *ief    
,impression2 & !re cont9ues ab\t f\r    
,m9utes 9 "s degree4  #aj4 4 ,! ,?roat1 
or ! ,uvula1 ,l>9x & o!r adjac5t ,p>ts  
are (t5times ! ,seat ( ,ta/e4 ,= !re are
 _m ,bodies1 :i* al?\gh !y h sc>ce any  
,ta/e ^u ! ,tongue1 or any o!r ( !      
a=esaid ,p>ts1 yet make a /rong         
,impression on ! ,?roat3 z ! ,leavs (   

little ,daisy1 little ,cel&9e1 & (      
,pimp9el2 z also ! ,roots ( ,jalap1     
,m]cury1 ,asp>agus & o!rs4 ,:i* be+ *ew$
 make little or no ,impression on !     
,tongue1 b _! ,juyce be+ swall[$1 cause?
 a k9d ( prick+ 9 ! ,?roat2 z :5 "o is  
provok$ by a %>p ,rheum4  #aa4 4 ,& t   
?is ,ta/e or ,s5se1 is truly di/9ct f   
ei!r ! ,heat1 ,pung5cy1 or ,acritude ^u 
! ,tongue1 x is h5ce fur!r manife/2 ,9 t
 ,pyre?rum1 :i* is v ,hot1 & ,cortex    
,w9t]anus :i* is v ,pung5t ^u ! ,tongue2
 yet _! ,juyce be+ swall[$1 cause? no   
,heat1 ,pung5cy or ,exasp]ation 9 !     
,?roat4  #ab4 4 ,la/ly1 if we w take !  
^w 7,ta/7 9 a l>g] s5se1 ! ,oesophagus x
 self may be said to be sometimes !     
,subject !re(2 z ( ! ,heat produc$ by ! 
,root ( ,common ,wormwood4 ,= ( ?is     
,heat x is rem>quable1 t be+ fir/       
p]ceiv$ on ! ,tip ( ! ,tongue1 x !nce   
make? its transit to ! ,root ( !        
,tongue1 & s into ! ,?roat1 & by degrees
 desc5ds into ! v ,gulet2 :]e x seeme?  
to w>m ! ,/oma*2 & s cont9ues1 9 "s     

degree1 almo/  ( an h\r4 ,& !           
,transition & ,desc5t ( ?is ,heat is    
made1 al?\gh none ( ! ,juyce be swall[$4
 ,& 9 ?is man] ,ta/s are di/+ui%$ )     
respect to _! ,subject4  #ac4 4 ,s t !  
g5]al ,div]sities ( ,ta/s are ^!4 ,)    
respect to _! ,species1 !y are          
,simplices vel ,compositi2 ,to _!       
,degree1 ,remissi vel ,int5si2 ,to _!   
,duration1 ,breves vel ,diuturni2 ,to ! 
,t]ms ( _! ,motion1 ,cel]es vel ,t>di2 &
 la/ly1 ,to _! ,subject1 ,fixi1         
,diffusivi  ,transitivi4   #ad4 4 ,i ,,h
 ?us endeav\r$ to draw up a ,s*eme or   
,inv5tory ( ! sev]al sorts ( ,ta/s4 ,9  
:i*1 "s may ?9k1 t ,i h ov] done3 & t z 
,gal5 ha? be5 c5sur$ = be+ too curi\s 9 
! ,di/9ctions ( ,pulses2 s h ,i be51 9  
^! ( ,ta/s4 ,n to enquire n[1 h[ f> !   
,diff]5ces ( ! ,pulse may be ext5d$1 or 
be fit to be tak5 notice (2 ,i %all only
 say1 ,t we h n s mu* reason to c5sure  
him1 if he ha? giv5 u "s few :i* are    
co9cid5t2 z we h to ?ank him1 = obs]v+ s
 _m :i* are really di/9ct4  #ae4 4 ,by !

 ,s*eme ( ,ta/s "h repres5t$1 we may be 
able1 s to enum]ate ! ,modes ( any ,ta/1
 z to make a ,sci5tifick ,def9ition ( x4
 ,:i* is pleasant ,in/ruction to any    
inquisitive m9d2 ^! ?+s be+ all matt] ( 
s5se & demon/ration2 :]e9 lye?1 ?\gh n  
always ! mo/ plausible1 yet ! mo/       
satisfy+ ,philosophy2 & :]e m51 aft] !y 
are gr[n we>y ) turn+ r\nd1 are (t5times
 cont5t$ to re/4  #af4 4 ,b ! usefulness
 ( ?is ,s*em w fur!r appe>1 9 two       
respects2 sc4 ,9 conduct+ u to a cle]] &
 m p>ticul> ,explication ( ! ,causes (  
,ta/s3 & ! ,inve/igation ( ! ,virtues ( 
^? ,bodies 9 :i* !y reside4 ,:]e( 9 !   
foll[+ ,*apt]s4                         
,,*ap4 ,,iv4                          ,(
 ! ,,causes ( ,ta/s4   ,,to speak ( !   
,causes ( ,ta/s1 be=e we h well enum]at$
 & di/+ui%$ !m2 is to provide ,furniture
 = a ,h\se1 be=e ! ,roomes h be5 c\nt$ &
 measur$ out4 ,b ! ,v>ieties ( ,ta/s    
hav+ be5 fir/ laid d[n2 x w induce u to 
believe1 & inve/igate z great a v>iety 9
 _! ,causes4  #b4 4 ,n[ ! ,causes (     

,ta/s1 p>ticul>ly ( ! ,ta/s ( ,plants1  
:]e( we *iefly speak1 are1 9 g5]al1 ^!  
,f\r or ,five1 sc4 ,! ,b$ out ( :i* !y  
gr[2 ,! ,a] 9 :i* !y /&2 ,! ,p>ts ( :i* 
!y consi/2 ,! sev]al ,f]m5tations "u :i*
 _! ,juyces pass2 ,& ! ,organs by :i* _!
 ,ta/able ,p>ts are p]ceiv'd3 z w appe> 
^u ,in/ance4  #c4 4 ,b ! imm$iate       
,causes1 besides ! ,organs ( ,ta/e1 are 
! ,pr9ciples ( ,plants4 ,z _m ( :i*1 z  
come "u ! notice ( ,s5se1 we h already  
suppos$ to be ^! ,sev51 ,alkal9e1 ,acid1
 ,a]1 ,wat]1 ,oyl1 ,_s & ,e>?4 ,!       
,p>ticles bo? ( ,alkal9e & ,acid ,salts1
 are all angul> & poynt$4 ,^? ( ,a]1    
prop]ly & /rictly s call$1 are ,ela/ick 
or ,spr+y2 & !re=e also ,crook$2 z ,i h 
likewise =m]ly conjectur$4 ,& ,i f9d !  
,le>n$ ,borelli1 9 a ,book ( 8 s9ce !n  
publi%$1 to be ( ! same ,op9ion4 ,^? (  
all ,fluid ,bodies1 qu ,fluid1 & !re=e (
 ,wat]1 ,oyl & ,_s1 ,i conceive to be   
,globul>1 b holl[1 & ) holes 9 _!       
,sides4 ,^? ( ,wat]1 to be l>g] ,globes1
 ) m holes2 ^? ( ,oyl1 to be less]1 )   

few] holes2 & ^? ( ,_s ! lea/4 ,la/ly1 t
 ! p>ticles ( ,e>? are also ,r\nd2 yet  
angul>2 & ne>] to a solid4  #d4 4 ,^!   
,pr9ciples affect ! ,organs ( ,s5se1    
accord+ to ! v>iety ( _! ,figures1 & (  
_! ,mixture4 ,s ^? :i* are %>p or       
poynt$2 & ^? :i* are spr+y2 are fitt$ to
 produce any /rong] ,ta/e3 & ^? :i* are 
r\nd1 are apt1 ( _! own ,nature1 to     
produce a weak] or s(t] "o4 ,& s by !   
div]sities ( _! ,mixture2 n only )      
respect to _! ,proportion1 b also ! v   
,mode ( _! ,conjunction4 ,h5ce x is1 t  
_m ,bodies :i* ab\nd ) ,salt1 z ,amb> ) 
an ,acid1 & ! ,bones ( ,l&-,animals ) an
 ,alkal9e1 h not)/&+ b a weak ,ta/2 !   
,sal9e ,p>ts be+ 9 ! =m] dr[n$ 9 ! ,oyl1
 & 9 ! latt] also buri$ 9 ! ,e>?4  #e4 4
 ,! same is fur!r confirm$ by an        
,exp]im5t m5tion$ 9 a =m] ,disc\rse2  ,(
 ,mixt4 ,*4 #e4  sc4 ! ,transmutation ( 
,oyl ( ,anise-,se$s1 ) ! help ( ,oyl (  
,vitriol1 into a ,ros94 ,= bo? ^?       
,liquors1 ?\gh s /rongly ta/$1 ap>t2 yet
 ! ,ros9 made ( !m1 be+ well wa%$1 ha? a

 v mild ,ta/e1 & )\t any smat* ( t 9    
ei!r ( ! ,liquors4 ,:5ce x foll[s1 t ! v
 ,mode ( ,mixture is suffici5t1 n only =
 ! v>iation ( ! ,degrees 9 any "o       
,species ( ,ta/2 b also = ! de/roy+ ( "o
 ,species1 & ! introduc+ ( ano!r4   #f4 
4 ,,^! ?+s be+ premis$1 ,i conceive1 ,t 
z an ,unctu\s ,ta/ dep5de? ^u ,oyl2 s a 
,vapid ei!r on ,wat]1 or ,e>?3 or ^u su*
 an intimate ,mixture ( o!r ,pr9ciples1 
z r5d]s !m indissoluble by ! ,saliva1 & 
s1 9 a mann]1 unta/able4  #g4 4 ,t a    
,pung5t1 is made ei!r by an ,alkaly or  
an ,acid %>pn$ or :ett$2 t is1 cle>$ f !
 soyl ( o!r ,pr9ciples2 z 9 ! ,_s ( ,sal
 ,armoniac or ( ,sulphur4 ,& s 9 ^?     
,plants :i* h a ,pung5t ,ta/2 ^: ,juyces
 or ,t9ctures1 al?\gh !y consi/ ( div]s 
,pr9ciples1 yet all s loosely mix$1 t   
be+ dissolv$ by ! ,saliva1 ! ,sal9e are 
h]eupon left nak$4 ,:]e=e bit+ ,plants1 
qua bit+1 are ,nitr\s ,plants4 ,s t !   
,juyce ( su* ,plants1 is a k9d ( ,_s (  
,nitre1 made by ! sev]al ,p>ts ( !      
,plant4 ,h5ce ,arum gr[s be/ "u an ,h$g2

 :]e ! ,gr\nd1 n be+ expos$ to ! ,sun1 b
 ! ,a] only1 l ^? ,rooms 9 ,h\ses1 :i*  
are cov]$1 is impregnat$ ) a great]     
quantity ( ,nitr\s ,salt4 ,& ^? ,roots  
:i* are ,bit+1 h b few or b small       
,a]-,vessels2 :]eby few] p>ts ( !       
nitroa]eal ,sap are c>ry$ (f into !     
,trunk4 ,= ! same ,cause1 x is no wond]1
 t _m ,aquaticks are ,bit+2 ,wat] be+1  
?\gh x self cold1 yet ! ,m5/ruum by :i* 
all ,salts are imbib$ mo/ easily1 & 9   
lax] /ate ( ,commixture ) o!r           
,pr9ciples4  #h4 4 ,p5etrant 7some?+    
sl[] ?an ,pung5t7 is made by any ,salt t
 is also soil$ or gu>d$ ) ,e>?4 ,s[]1 by
 an ,acid only soyl$ ) ,e>?4 ,salt1 by  
an ,acid gu>d$ by an ,alkaly1 & soyl$ ) 
,e>?4 ,cold1 by an ,acid dr[n$ 9 ,wat]1 
& soyl$ ) ,e>?4  #i4 4 ,9 all ^!1 !     
,salts are pr$om9ant2 ,9 ,heat ! ,oyl or
 ,sulphur4 ,! p>ticles :]e( be+ ,sph]ick
 & bor$ ) holes2 ^? ( ,salt /ick 9 !m1 z
 ! ,spokes d 9 ! ,hub ( a ,:eel1 or z ! 
,quills 9 ! ,sk9 ( a ,porcup9e4 ,:]eby1 
z 9 ,common ,fire ! ,sp>ks ( ,sulphur   

be+ agitat$ & :irl$ ab\t by ! ,a]2 ) !  
help ( ! ,salts1 :i* /ick 9 !m1 te> 9   
pieces all k9ds ( ,bodies3 s "h1 be+    
agitat$ by ! ,circulation ( ! ,blood1 !y
 make a k9d ( hurry or combu/ion2 & s1  
accord+ to ! degree & /r5g? ( _!        
,motion1 te> 9 pieces few] or m ( !     
,fib]s ( ! ,tongue2 & 9 a great]        
quantity1 w\ld raise a ,bli/] ^u x2 !   
common ,effect ( ,fire1 or any /rong    
,epispa/ick4 ,s t a ,hot ,ta/1 is       
produc$ by ,sulphur too!d or arm$ )     
,salts4 ,:]e=e all ,/illatiti\s ,oyls   
are ,hot2 be+ /rongly impregnat$ or arm$
 ) ! ,ess5tial ,salts ( ! ,plants f :5ce
 !y are di/ill$4 ,& z ^? ,plants :i* are
 v ,p>5*ym\s1 f ! pr$om9ancy ( _!       
,volatile ,acid1 are bit+3 ,s ^? :i* are
 ,lign\s1 t is1 h a good quantity (     
,lymph$ucts1 f ! dom9ion ( _! ,sulphur  
are commonly ,hot4 ,= ! same reason x   
is1 t _m bo? ,bit+ & ,hot ,plants1 z !  
,roots ( ,dragon1 ,g>d5-,radi%1 ,onion1 
,iris1 ,rape-,cr[foot1 c4 be+ cork$ up 9
 a bottle ) ,wat]1 & set 9 a ,cell> or  

o!r cool place2 !y d all ( !m turn ,s[] 
9 a few days3 ,! same ,f]m5tation1 at   
once sully+ ! ,salts ( ! "o1 & dis>m+ ! 
,sulphurs ( ! o!r4 ,b "s1 :]e9 !        
,sulphure\s p>ts are m copi\s1 w h>dly  
ev] become ,s[]4 ,h5ce also1 "s ,plants1
 ^: ,roots are nei!r ,hot1 nor ( any    
/rong ,ta/e1 z ^? ( ,wild ,anemone2 yet 
_! ,leaves & ,fl[]s are pla9ly ,cau/ick3
 ,s t x seems1 t z _! ,juyces rise up   
into ! ,trunk or ,/alk1 & are !re9 fur!r
 f]m5t$1 ! ,sulphur\s ,p>ts !re(1 are at
 ! same "t relax$ f ! o!r ,pr9ciples1 & 
acuat$ ) an ,a]eal ,salt4  #aj4 4 ,a    
,/upifaci5t ,ta/ 7z ! ,impression :i* "s
 ,hot ,plants make ^u ! ,tongue may be  
call$7 is 9 "s sort1 analog\s to !      
mortify+ ( any "p ( ! ,body by !        
application ( a ,cau/ick4 ,= z !re !    
mortification succe$s ! burn+ pa91 s "h1
 ! ,/upifaction1 nei!r comes be=e1 nor )
 ! ,heat1 b foll[s x4  #aa4 4 ,sweetness
 is produc$1 sometimes by an ,alkaly2   
smoo!d ei!r by a ,sulphur1 z 9          
,lime-,wat]2 or by bo? a ,_s & a        

,sulphur1 z 9 ! ,/illatiti\s ,oyls (    
,animals4 ,b mo/ commonly1 by a smoo!d  
,acid2 z 9 ,malt1 ,sug>1 ,hony4 ,h5ce a 
,sweet ,ta/e1 is g5]ally f\nd$ 9 a ,s[]2
 ,s ,s[] ,apples1 by mell[+1 & h>%      
,pe>s1 by bak+ become sweet2 ! ,_s &    
,sulphur be+ h]eby at once sep>at$ f !  
o!r ,pr9ciples & br\ght to a ne>] union 
) ! ,acid4 ,s ! ,s[] ,leaves (          
,wood-,sorrel1 be+ dry'd1 become sweet3 
& ^? ( a s[] ,codl91 :ile !y hang on !  
,tree1 & ev5 ( a ,crab-,tree1 are nei!r 
,a/r+5t1 nor s[]1 b s5sibly sweet4 ,& s 
commonly1 :]ev] ! said ,pr9ciples are a 
little exalt$ by a s(t ,f]m5tation2 z 9 
! ,juyce ( ! ,/alk ( ,maze or ,indian   
,:eat1 :i* is z sweet z ,sug>2 & 9 !    
gre5 ,/alks ( all sorts ( ,corn &       
,grass1 9 sev]al degrees4 ,s likewise   
,tulips & "s o!r ,roots1 be+ tak5 up1 9 
op5 wea!r1 sometime be=e !y spr\t2 if   
ta/$1 are z sweet z ,liquiri% or ,sug>2 
& at no o!r "t3 n only ,fruits1 b _m    
,roots1 ,se$s1 & o!r ,p>ts1 ^u _! fir/  
or e>ly ,g]m9ation1 acquir+ a curi\s    

,mell[ness1 :]e91 all _! ,pr9ciples are 
resolv$1 & _! mo/ ,spiritu\s ,p>ts      
exalt$ & spread ov] ! ,acid4 ,:]e=e also
 mo/ ,roots1 :i* are n me]ly long1 b gr[
 deep 9 ! gr\nd1 h at lea/ "s ( _!      
,juyces ( a sweet ,ta/2 z ,liquiri%1    
,eryngo1 ,h\nds-,tongue1 ,g>d5-,p>snep1 
,black ,h5beane1 ,deadly ,night-%ade1 c4
 ,ev5 ! ,juyce ( ,horse ,radi%1 :i*     
ble$s at ! ,lymph$ucts1 is ( a sweet    
,ta/e4 ,& ( ! same k9dr$ ^? :i* gr[ !   
deepe/1 are ! sweete/2 z a ,p>snep is   
sweet] ?an a ,c>rot1 especially if y ta/
 ! ble$+ ,sap2 & ! ,root ( ,common ,tall
 ,trefoyl ta/e? some:at l ,liquiri%1 b  
is n ne> s sweet4 ,= all deep ,roots1   
are f$ ) a less ,nitr\s ,alim5t3 & be+  
remot] f ! ,a]1 _! ,juyces pass "u mu* m
 s(t & mod]ate ,f]m5tations4  #ab4 4    
,bitt]ness is produc$ by a ,sulphur well
 impregnat$1 ei!r ) an ,alkal9e1 or an  
,acid ,salt1 b also %ackl$ ) ,e>?4 ,&   
!re=e ! ,bitt]e/ ,plants1 commonly yield
 ! greate/ quantity ( ,lixivial ,salt4  
,s also _m ,/illatiti\s ,oyls dige/$ )  

any /rong ,acid1 w acquire a ,bitt]     
,ta/e4 ,:]e=e ?is ,ta/e is (t5 f\nd$    
ei!r 9 a ,hot ,ta/e1 or a ,sweet4 ,h5ce 
x is1 t ! ,leaves ( all sweet ,roots are
 ,bitt]4 ,& t ! ,fig-,tree1 :i* be>s a  
sweet ,fruit1 ble$s a ,bitt] ,milk4 ,s  
likewise ^? ,plants1 :i* be> a ,bitt]   
,/alk1 h n ,bitt]1 b ,hot ,roots1 z 9   
,y>r[1 ,primrose1 ,wormwood1 ,rue1      
,c>duus b5$ictus c4 is manife/4 ,s !    
,coats ( ! ,se$s ( ,viola ,lun>ia are ( 
a hot & bit+ ,ta/2 b ! ,se$s !mselves1 9
 :i* ! ,salts1 ?\gh copi\s1 yet are also
 imm]s$ 9 a great] quantity ( ,oyl1 are 
,bitt]4 ,& t ! ,e>?y ,p>ts d also       
contribute some?+ m to ?is1 ?an to mo/ (
 ! =em5tion$ ,ta/s1 is argu$ f its be+ m
 ,fix$2 t is1 ! ,body 9 :i* x resides1  
is ei!r m ,fix$1 or else flye? n away 9 
t same /ate ( conjunction1 by :i* x     
make? a ,bitt] ,ta/e4 ,= :]eas ,hot1    
,bit+1 & div]s o!r ,plants lose ! /r5g? 
( _! ,ta/e1 by dry+2 mo/ ( ^? :i* are   
,bitt]1 d h]eby increase x4 ,& al?\gh ! 
,extract ( ,d&elion & "s o!r ,roots1 :i*

 are v ,bitt]1 ha? sc>ce any ,ta/1 yet  
g5]ally1 !y are ,bitt] ,plants1 :i* are 
be/ = ! mak+ ( ,extracts4 ,& ! di/ill$  
wat]s ( ,plants :i* are ,hot & ,bitt]1  
not)/&+ t !y always ta/ high ( ! ,heat1 
yet r>ely & v fa9tly ( ! ,bitt]4  #ac4 4
 ,a/r+5cy1 is made1 p>tly1 by ! fur!r   
increase & m intimate union ( ! ,e>?4 ,&
 !re=e ?is is seat$ /ill 9 a m ,fix$    
,composition1 ?an a ,bitt]4 ,& p>tly1 by
 ! dim9ution ( ! ,sulphur4 ,& !re=e !   
,acid ,p>ts +r$i5t to x1 ei!r by        
,f]m5tation or o!rwise1 are easily      
expos$4 ,a/r+5cy be+ ! ,womb or ,bud ( a
 ,s[]4 ,= all or mo/ ,a/r+5t ,roots be> 
a s[] ,leaf1 or a s[] ,fruit2 z ^? ( all
 ,docks & ,sorrels1 ,black-,?orn1       
,dog-,rose1 & o!rs4 ,:]e=e also1        
,a/r+5cy is (t5 f\nd 9 conjunction )    
,bitt]1 ,sweet1 or ,s[]2 b sc>ce ev] )  
,pung5t1 or ,hot4  #ad4 4 ,an ,aromatick
 ,ta/1 seems to be produc$1 *iefly1 by a
 spiritu\s1 acid1 & volatile ,sulphur2 z
 9 ,amb>-griese1 ,c>damon-,se$s1 _m     
,/illatiti\s ,oyls c4 ,a ,nause\s1 by a 

,sulphur less ,spiritu\s & ,volatile1 & 
m ,alkal9e2 z 9 ! ,root ( ,dog-/ones1   
,%eep scabi\s1 ! "y & gre5 ,leaves (    
,cori&]1 or ! ,se$s ( ,cum9e4 ,! ,_s1 z 
x ent]s ! ,n]ves1 c>ry+ ! ,alkal9e      
,sulphur along ) x2 z :5 a ,city is     
betray$ by "o ( its ,inhabitants to an  
,enemy4  #ae4 4 ,an ,int]mitt5t ,ta/e1 z
 9 ,arum1 seems to h its dep5dance ^u a 
simple & v pure ,nitre1 :i* by its      
subtilty ent]s into ! v ,concaves ( !   
,n]v\s ,fib]s ( ! ,tongue3 & s be+ lodg$
 !re1 is little affect$ or /irr$1 by !  
,motion ( ! ,blood2 b only :5 ! ,tongue 
x self is mov$1 at :i* "t x cause? a k9d
 ( prick+ ,ta/e4  #af4 4 ,a ,tremul\s   
,ta/e1 z 9 ,pyre?rum1 dep5de? probably1 
^u an ,a]eal ,sulphur2 :i* be+ agitat$  
by ! ,blood 9 its ,circulation1 ! spr+y 
,motion or ,vibration ( ! ,a]eal ,p>ts  
produce t ,ta/e4  #ag4 4 ,a ,ta/ is     
,l+ual1 ,guttural1 c4 accord+ to !      
grosness or f95ess or o!r diff]5ce ( !  
,membranes into :i* ! ta/able p>ts are  
admitt$4 ,= ,ta/s are made n me]ly by ! 

outw>d ,contact1 b ! ,+ress ( ! ta/able 
p>ts4 ,n[ ! out] ,sk9 ( ! ,tongue1 :i*  
is commonly obs]v$ to pill (f 9 boyl+1 l
 ! ,cuticula 9 o!r ,p>ts1 ha? ei!r no   
s5se1 or mu* less ?an t :i* lies "u x2 &
 is !re=e1 b a ,sieve or ,/ra9] to !    
ta/able p>ts4 ,s t be+ ( diff]5t f95ess 
9 ! sev]al p>ts ( ! ,tongue2 x h]eby    
comes to pass1 t accord+ z ! ta/able    
p>ts ( any ,plant are m or less         
p5etrant1 subtle1 or dissoluble1 !y are 
admitt$ into "o "p ( ! ,tongue1 & n     
ano!r4 ,& 9 ! ,?roat1 ! out] ,sk9 x     
self1 seems to be ! imm$iate ,s5sory2 & 
s1 to be evid5tly affect$ ) ! ,juyces ( 
"s ,plants1 f :i* ! ,tongue receive?    
little or no s5sible ,impression4  #ah4 
4 ,:5 ! ,ta/ is ,p]man5t & ,fix$ 9 "s "o
 ,"p2 x is a sign1 ei!r t ! ,gu/able    
,p>ts are less dissoluble2 or m subtle1 
s z to ent] ! ,concaves ( ! ,fib]s2 & t 
!re is an admixture ( an ,a]eal ,salt1  
or a l ,sulphur2 "s ( ! p>ts :]e(1 be+  
crook$1 hang l ,hooks on ! ,fib]s ( !   
,tongue4 ,= ! reception ( su* a ,ta/1 is

 n to be look$ ^u z a w\nd made ) a     
,lancet1 & s ! ,lancet tak5 away2 b ) ! 
,lancet /ick+ 9 ! w\nd2 until 9 "t1 'tis
 c>ry$ (f by ! ,circulation ( ! ,blood2 
:i* l ! ,/ream ( a ,riv] 9 a ,flood1    
c>ries all be=e x1 b ^? ?+s la/1 :i*    
/ick 9 ! ,mud4  #ai4 4 ,b :5 ! ,ta/1    
?\gh ,p]man5t1 yet is ,diffusive or     
,transitive2 x seems probable1 t z !re  
is a less admixture ( ,a]2 s a great]   
subtlety ( ! ,ta/able ,p>ts1 :]eby !y   
are convey$1 ?r\gh ! ,n]v\s ,fib]s1 f "o
 ,"p to ano!r4                          
,,*ap4 ,v4              ,( ! ,judgm5t   
:i* may be made ( ! ,,virtues           
( ,plants1 f _! ,ta/s4   ,,z by duly    
obs]v+ ! ,ta/s ( ,plants1 we may be     
direct$ to und]/& _! ,causes4 ,s also ! 
,use & ,virtues ( ^? ,plants or ,p>ts ( 
,plants 9 :i* !y reside4 ,= ! pro( :]e(1
 an ,in/ance might be fet*$ f e p>ticul>
 diff]5ce ( ,ta/ be=e set d[n4 ,b x may 
be en\gh1 to give ^! :i* foll[4  #b4 4  
,& fir/1 we may make no ill guess ex    
,analogia1 or :]e we f9d ! same ,ta/1 t 

!re ! same ,virtue 9 "s k9d1 & 9 "s     
degree1 may reside4 ,s ,jalap1 ,m]cury1 
& ,daisy1 h all ( !m t exasp]at+ ,ta/ 9 
! ,?roat be=e describ$2 & !y are all    
?ree m or less ,ca?>tick4 ,:]e=e1 we may
 believe1 t o!r ,plants :i* make ! l    
,impression on ! ,?roat1 & !re are _m   
o!rs :i* d1 t !y are 9 "s degree alike  
,ca?>tick4 ,^? ,plants :i* are reckon$  
among/ ! *iefe/ ,cephalicks1 cause r a  
durable1 ?an a vehem5t ,heat ^u !       
,tongue1 z ,pyre?rum1 ,euphorbium1      
,black-,hellebore1 c4 ,x seeme? !re=e   
reasonable to rank ) ^!1 any o!r ,plant1
 ?\gh n us$1 :i* produce? ! l durable   
,heat4 ,! "y ,roots ( ,y>r[1 or         
,millefolium1 h ! same ,ta/e1 z ! ,root 
( ,contray]va3 & may !re=e be us$ = !   
same purpose1 ) a probability ( ! l     
success2 if n a bett]1 because !y may be
 gott5 fre%]4 ,b by dry+ ! ,root1 ! ,ta/
 & ,virtue1 :i* lie 9 its exhalible     
p>ts1 are mu* lo/4 ,! ,se$s ( ! less]   
,c>damom1 & ( ,z$o>y ,root1 if f\nd1 h  
bo? a smat* ( ! ,ta/ ( ,camphire4 ,!y   

may !re=e all1 s f>1 rea* ! same ,case4 
#c4 4 ,aga91 z we may make no ill       
conjecture f ! sam5ess ( ,ta/e 9 ,plants
 ( sev]al ,tribes2 s f ! div]sity (     
,ta/e1 9 ^? ( ! same4 ,s ! ,fl[]s ( all 
! ,docks are evid5tly ,a/r+5t1 & n ,s[]2
 except ^? ( ! ,rha-pontick1 :i* are    
extream s[]1 ev5 9 ! #e degree4 ,:i* is 
no mean ,signature ( "s m ?an ord9>y    
,virtue 9 x1 besides :at x ha? 9 common 
) ! re/ ( ! ,tribe4 ,! ,fl[]s ( ,pancy h
 a k9d ( fulsome ,ta/1 pla9ly diff]5t f 
t ( ,violets3 & 9 "s ,hypo*ondriacal    
,cases may be m useful4  #d4 4 ,x       
likewise importe? mu*1 to obs]ve !      
diff]5ce ( ,ta/e 9 ! sev]al ,p>ts ( !   
same ,plant4 ,s ! ,b>que ( ,sassafras is
 ?ree times z /rong1 z ! ,wood3 & ! l   
may be obs]v$ 9 any o!r commonly kn[n   
,tree4 ,if !re=e we c\ld obte9 ! ,b>ques
 ( ,santalum1 ,lignum ,rhodium1 ,lignum 
,aloes1 c4 !y w\ld d\btless1 mo/ ( !m1  
be ( mu* great] use4 ,& z ! ,ta/e is    
sometimes /rong]2 s1 mu* m grateful1 9  
"o ,"p ?an 9 ano!r3 z 9 ! ,fl[]s or     

,yell[ ,attire 9 ! ,heads ( ,c>duus     
,b5$ictus2 :i* be+ infus$ 9 ,_s ( ,w9e1 
or o!r conv5i5t ,liquor1 make a pleasant
 ,cordial4 ,nature hav+ lap$ up !       
,virtue 9 ! ,leavs1 z 9 a br[n ,pap]2 b 
9 ! ,fl[]s1 z 9 ,leaf-,gold4  #e4 4 ,z  
also1 h[ f> ! ,ta/e ( any ,plant may    
alt]1 ei!r 9 pres]v+1 or prep>+ x4 ,s ! 
,root ( ,arum1 :5 tak5 fre% out ( !     
gr\nd1 is notably ,pung5t3 b be+ ?r\ghly
 dry$1 & especially kept = "s "t1 ha? no
 m ,ta/e1 & !re=e 9 all likelyhood1 no m
 ,virtue1 ?an a ,lump ( ,/>*4 ,! l we   
are to judge ( all o!r ,plants1 ^:      
,virtue lie? 9 _! exhalible ,p>ts4 ,!   
,/illatiti\s ,oyls ( _m ,plants1 are    
/rong] ?an ! ,leavs or o!r ,p>ts f :5ce 
!y are drawn3 b "s !re are1 :i* are     
weak]2 z is t ( ,euphorbium1 9 :i* !    
,heat is nei!r p]t9ace\s1 z 9 ! ,gum x  
self1 nor s great4  #f4 4 ,we may make1 
moreov]1 a judgm5t f ! ,nature ( ! ,ta/4
 ,s ^? ,roots :i* are ,bitt]1 & n ,hot1 
z ( ,ci*ory1 & ! re/ ( ! ,intyb\s k9d1  
may be acc\nt$ ,nitro-,sulphure\s2 & s1 

to be ,ab/]sive )\t any ,heat+ ,quality4
 ,! ,m>um ,au/riacum1 :i* is extream    
,pung5t1 z well z ,aromatick1 may be    
look$ ^u z ! be/ ,cephalick ( t ,tribe4 
,because we f9d1 t ,jalap ha? a special 
prop]ty ( imitat+ ! ,gl&ul\s ,p>ts ( !  
,m\?1 & ,?roat2 we may ga!r1 ,t x is a  
bett] ,purge to all ! o!r ,gl&ul\s      
,p>ts1 ?an mo/ o!r ,ca?>ticks4 ,:i* is  
also "o reason ( its op]ation1 = ! mo/  
"p1 ) at lea/ a t5d5cy to vomit2 !      
,/oma* x self be+ ,gl&ul\s z well z !   
,?roat1 & !reby answ]ably affect$ ) x4  
,a /rong ,infusion ( :ite ,s>zap>illa 9 
,wat]1 botl$ up1 & kept 9 a ,cell> = !  
space ( two mon?s1 becomes extream s[]2 
f> beyond any ?+ obs]v$ 9 ! ,ta/s ( !   
,juyces & ,infusions ( div]s o!r ,plants
 kept z long & 9 ! same mann]4 ,:i*     
%ews1 h[ well ,nature ha? adapt$ a      
,plant ( s mild a ,ta/e1 ei!r by        
similitude ( p>ts1 = ! c>ry+ (f ( any   
pret]natural ,acid2 or by contr>iety1 = 
! curb+ ( an exorbitant ,salt4 ,! ,b>que
 ( ! ,root ( common ,wormwood1 :i*      

impresse? a p]t9ace\s & diffusive ,ta/e1
 :i* desc5de? f ! ,tongue into ! ,gulet1
 z is be=e describ$2 may be ju/ly rank$ 
) ! mo/ excell5t ,/oma*icks2 & ^u tryal1
 ,i f9d x "o ( ! be/3 besides1 t x is   
nei!r unpleasant1 nor affecte? ! ,head1 
z ! ,leavs4 ,yet ! ,g>d5]1 & e ,body    
?r[s x away1 z good = no?+4  #g4 4 ,i   
%all conclude ) "o note1 :i* is ?is2 ,t 
! ,specifick ,virtue ( ,m$ic9es1 :i* "s 
,physicians positively d5y1 & mo/       
dispute2 f "s ( ! =em5tion$ ,diff]5ces (
 ,ta/e1 z well z = o!r reasons1 may     
seem1 at lea/1 to be probable4 ,= :y    
%\ld n a ,m$ic9e make an ,impression ^u 
"o ,"p1 & n ^u ano!r1 )9 ! ,body1 z well
 z we f9d x do? )9 ! ,m\?8 especially1  
s9ce ! ,p>ts ( ! ,m\?1 are ( a less     
diff]5t ,nature1 ?an "s ( ! ,visc]a4    
,an ,app5dix4                         ,(
 ! ,,od\rs ( ,plants4   ,,! ,s5ses (    
,ta/+ & ,smell+ be+ s ne>ly ally'd2 _m  
?+s already expla9$ conc]n+ !           
,div]sities & ,causes ( ,ta/s 9 ,plants1
 may easily be transf]r'd to ^? ( _!    

,od\rs4 ,i %all n[ !re=e only rem>que "s
 p>ticul>s1 n commonly tak5 notice (    
hi!rto1 & leave !m z a ,specim5 to be   
,improv$ by o!r ,h&s4  #b4 4 ,! ,root ( 
,rape-,cr[foot be+ cut1 & held to !     
,nose1 :5 x is newly tak5 out ( !       
,gr\nd1 smelle? almo/ l ,_s ( ,sal      
,armoniac1 or fre% ,scurvygrass ,juyce4 
,& ha? ! prop]ty ( mak+ ! ,eyes to wat]1
 z ,onions d4 ,horse-,radi% ,root is n s
 ,pung5t to ! ,nose1 b gets pretty mu*  
into ! ,eyes4 ,b t ( ,dragon1 do? nei!r 
affect ! ,eyes1 nor ! ,nose4  #c4 4 ,!  
,succul5t ,roots ( ,dog/ones1 & mo/ ( t 
,tribe1 h a rank ,smell4 ,& t ( ,cr[n   
,imp]ial1 be+ rub'd a little1 smells z l
 a ,fox1 z "o ,fox smelle? l ano!r4  #d4
 4 ,! ,root ( ,pati5ce dige/$ ) ,wat]1 9
 a w>m ,room1 = ! space ( ?ree weeks1   
smels l ,_s ( ,h>ts ,horn1 or o!r ,ur9\s
 ,_s4 ,( ,r$ ,dock1 almo/ l ,aqua =tis  
or ,_s ( ,nitre4 ,t ( ,dragon bottl$ up 
) ,wat]1 & set 9 a ,cell>1 ab\t a ,mon?1
 /9ks l ! pus ( ! mo/ ,fetid ,ulc]4 ,at 
! end ( five ,mon?s1 m abom9ably1 ?an   

ei!r to be endur$ or express$4  #e4 4 ,!
 ,leavs ( ,m\nta9 ,calam9t1 smell l ,p5y
 ,royal4 ,^? ( ,ulm>ia1 l ,walnut       
,pills4 ,( ,yell[ ,lamium1 l a ,balsame4
 ,( ,s5a1 a good quantity be+ held to ! 
,nose1 ( a rank ,smell betwixt t (      
,sweat & ,ur9e4 ,( ,cori&]1 :5 gre5 &   
"y1 /9k s basely1 t !y c h>dly be       
endur'd4 ,sometimes ! ,leavs h a /rong] 
,smell1 ?an ! ,fl[]1 z 9 ,borage1 &     
sometimes ! ,/alk1 a /rong] ?an !       
,leavs1 z 9 ,ulm>ia4  #f4 4 ,rue ,leavs 
cork$ up 9 a bottle & set 9 a ,cell> =  
ab\t t5 weeks1 smell l ,_s ( ,h>ts      
,horn1 or ( ,ur9e4 ,! gre5 ,leaves (    
,roses infus$ 9 wat]1 h a mild1 b       
pleasant ,smell4 ,nei!r is t ( ,sav9e   
unpleasant1 ^u ! l ,infusion4  #g4 4    
,scurvygrass ,juyce kept ab\t  ( a ye> 9
 bottles1 ) ! gre5 ,s$em5t1 9 a w>m     
,room1 /9ks l ,humane ,excrem5ts4 ,&    
,scurvygrass ,w9e1 made only ( ! ,juyce1
 smells l "s ,issues4  #h4 4 ,! ,fl[]s (
 ,y>r[1 smell n mu* unlike to ^? (      
,s\!rnwood4 ,& ! ,fl[]s ( ,cr[foot almo/

 l ^? ( ,scurvygrass4 ,"s ,fl[]s are ( a
 weak] ,smell 9 ! ,bud1 z ^? ( ,mall[4  
,b _m h a /rong]1 ?an :5 !y are bl[n    
op52 z ^? ( ,lav5d]1 ,rosem>y1 c4  #i4 4
 ,! ,buds ( ,v]va9e ,mall[1 :ile !y are 
"y1 & ! ,fl[]s unse51 h a v pleasant    
,smell1 l t ( ,g]anium ,mos*atum3 b :5  
aft]w>ds !y are op5$ !y h an unpleasant 
,smell4 ,common ,mall[ ,fl[]s dry$ &    
bottl$ up = "s "t1 acquire1 ?\gh n a    
/rong1 yet v noysom ,smell4  #aj4 4 ,!  
,purple ,p\* ( ,dragon :i* cov]s ! ,se$1
 be+ brok51 smells j l a ,lob/]4 ,b     
p]mitt$ to lie 9 a w>m ,room = "s days1 
smells exactly l ,c>rion2 & sc5ts !     
,room ) ! same ,smell4  #aa4 4 ,"s ,se$s
 z ^? ( ,cum9e1 ,daucus1 be+ p[d]$ &    
lap$ up only 9 ,pap]s1 d not)/&+ rete9  
_! ,smell4 ,b _m o!rs1 z ( ,sweet ,f5il1
 9 a %ort "t1 lose x4 ,"s ,se$s1 :5 !y  
fir/ beg9 to spr\t1 become ,odor\s1 :i* 
7 n s be=e2 z ! ,g>d5 ,bean4            
,tabula1 qu p]spicu vid]e e/1 quot      
,triplicati ,sapores1                ex 
solummodo decem ,simplicibus num]antur4 

,,am>us   ,am4du4ac4   am4du4sa4        
am4ac4sa4   am4du4ca4 am4ac4ca4         
am4sa4ca4   am4du4fr4 am4ac4fr4         
am4sa4fr4 am4ca4fr4   am4du4ar4         
am4ac4ar4 am4sa4ar4 am4ca4ar4 am4fr4ar4 
am4du4ma4 am4ac4ma4 am4sa4ma4 am4ca4ma4 
am4fr4ma4 am4ar4ma4   am4du4z4 am4ac4z4 
am4sa4z4 am4ca4z4 am4fr4z4 am4ar4z4     
am4ma4z4   am4du4pu4 am4ac4pu4 am4sa4pu4
 am4ca4pu4 am4fr4pu4 am4ar4pu4 am4ma4pu4
                                        
am4z4pu4   ,,dulcis   ,du4ac4sa4        
du4ac4ca4 du4sa4ca4   du4ac4fr4         
du4sa4fr4 du4ca4fr4   du4ac4ar4         
du4sa4ar4 du4ca4ar4 du4fr4ar4           
du4ac4ma4 du4sa4ma4 du4ca4ma4 du4fr4ma4 
du4ar4ma4   du4ac4z4 du4sa4z4 du4ca4z4  
du4fr4z4 du4ar4z4 du4ma4sa4   du4ac4pu4 
du4sa4pu4 du4ca4pu4 du4fr4pu4 du4ar4pu4 
du4ma4pu4 du4z4pu4    ,,acidus          
,aci4sal4cal4   aci4sal4fri4            
aci4cal4fri4   aci4sal4aro4 aci4cal4ar4 
aci4fri4ar4   aci4sal4mal4 aci4cal4ma4  
aci4fri4mal4 aci4ar4mal4   aci4sal4a/4  
aci4cal4a/4 aci4fri4a/4 aci4ar4a/4      

ac4ma4a/4   ac4sal4pu4   aci4ca4pun4    
aci4fr4pun4  aci4ar4pun4 ac4ma4pu4      
ac4a/4pu4    ,,salsus   ,sal4cal4fri4   
sal4cal4aro4 sal4fri4aro4   sal4cal4mal4
 sal4fri4mal4 sal4aro4mal4   sal4cal4a/4
 sal4fri4a/4 sal4aro4a/4 sal4ma4a/      
sal4cal4pun4 sal4fri4pun4 sal4aro4pun4  
sal4ma4pu4 sal4a/4pun4    ,,calidus     
,cal4fri4aro4   cal4fri4mal4            
cal4aro4mal4   cal4fri4a/4 cal4aro4a/4  
cal4mal4a/4   cal4fri4pun4 cal4aro4pun4 
cal4mal4pun4 cal4a/4pun4    ,,frigidus  
,fri4aro4mal4   fri4aro4a/4 fri4mal4a/4 
fri4aro4pun4 fri4mal4pun4 fri4a/4pun4   
,,aromaticus   ,aro4mal4a/4             
aro4mal4pun4 aro4a/4pun4    ,,malignus  
,,a/r+5s    ,,pung5s                    
,tabula1 qu ,g5]icas omnes ,saporum     
diff]5tias                              
compr5h$it4    ,,sapores1 ratione       
,s5sationis ipsius1 di/+uuntur p]       
,species4 ,sunt enim alii               
,simplices1 qui sunt            ,am>us  
,dulcis            ,acidus              
,salsus            ,calidus             

,frigidus            ,aromaticus        
,malignus            qualis             
,tremulus             ,mollis           
,vapidus               ,unctuosus       
,durus               ,p5etrans          
,/upifaci5s               ,a/r+5s       
,pung5s                 ,cont9uus       
,int]mitt5s         ,compositi1 qui sunt
           ,nom9ati2 seil4              
,ac]bus             ,au/crus            
,acris             ,muriaticus          
,lixivus             ,nitrosus          
,iom9ati quamplurimi1 ut ,am>o-dulcis1  
c4       ,gradus4 ,ita enim sunt        
,remissi ve ,int5si a gradu           #c
 ad #a           #d ad #aj              
,durationis1 sunt       ,breves         
,diuturni     ,mots1 sunt       ,cel]es 
,t>di  9 ,pr9cipio ,augm5to ,/atu       
,decl9atione4         ,e/ autem ,sapor 9
           ,pr9cipio                    
,qu>t>ius             ,b9>ius           
,tr9>ius             ,m9ut>ius          
,m9uto-qu>t>ius1 c4                     
,bi-m9ut>ius             ,b9o-qu>t>ius1 

c4             ,trim9ut>ius             
,augm5to             ,qu>t>ius1 c4      
,bi-m9ut>ius           ,/atu4           
,qu>t>ius1 c4             ,quadr9>ius4  
,decl9atione             ,qu>t>ius1 c4  
,quadr9o-qu>t>ius1 c4                   
,qu9>ius             ,s5>ius1 c4        
,vic5>ius             ,vic5o-qu9>ius    
,tric5>ius             ,tric5o-qu9>ius  
,quadrag5>ius     ,subjecti1 sunt       
,fixi         ,labiales         ,l+uales
 qui ad ,l+u           ,apicem          
,v]ticem           ,radicem p]cipiuntur 
,palatales1         ,gutturales1        
,oesophagei4       ,mobiles             
,diffusivi4         ,transitivi4        
,,exp]im5ts                             
,,9                                     
,,consort                               
,,^u ,,!                                
,solution ( ,salts                      
,,9                                     
,,wat]4           ,read be=e ! ,royal   
,society1 ,janu>y1 #ah4 #afgf_/g4       
,,*ap4 ,i4    ,9 :i* is %ew$1 !         

,compleat or ,utmo/ ,impregnation (     
,,wat]      ) sev]al k9ds ( ,salt1 bo?  
toge!r1 & ap>t4   ,,9 disc\rse ^u a     
,lecture =m]ly read1 conc]n+ ! ,lixivial
 ,salts ( ,plants2 ,x 0 m5tion$1 z a ?+ 
ass]t$ by "s ,phylosoph]s1 ,t ,wat] hav+
 be5 fully impregnat$ ) "o k9d ( ,salt1 
s z to be> no m ( t k9d2 x w\ld yet be>1
 or dissolve "s portion ( ano!r2 & s ( a
 ?ird4 ,& x 0 ref]r$ to ,me by ?is      
,hon\rable ,*air1 to exam9e & produce ! 
,exp]im5t4 ,! do+ :]e( br\ght into my   
m9d div]s o!r ,exp]im5ts h]eunto relat+4
  #b4 4 ,z next1 ,) :at diff]5ce (      
quantity ?is ,sup]impregnation w\ld be  
made1 ^u ! ,solution ( diff]5t ,salts8  
#c4 4 ,?irdly1 ,:e!r ! ,solution ( a    
small] quantity ( sev]al ,salts1 do?    
consi/ ) ! non-increase ( ! bulk ( !    
,wat]8 ,because ?is also is affirm$ by  
"s4  #d4 4 ,f\r?ly1 ,:at quantity ( !   
sev]al k9ds ( ,salt1 may be dissolv$    
sev]ally1 9 ! same quantity ( ,wat]8    
#e4 4 ,fif?ly1 ,:e!r by dissolv+ a ,salt
 9 ,wat]1 !re be any ,space ga9$1 or n8 

,t is1 :e!r ! ,bulk ( ! ,wat] be great]1
 be=e ! ,salt ly+ 9 x be fully dissolv$1
 ?an x is aft]w>ds8 ,or if a ,cubick    
,in* ( ,salt be dissolv$ 9 n9e ,cubick  
,in*es ( ,wat]2 ,:e!r ! ,wat] w !n fill 
a ,vessel ( t5 ,cubick ,in*es cont5t8   
#f4 4 ,six?ly1 ,:e!r ! ,space be equally
 ga9$1 by an equal encrease ( ! same    
,salt8  #g4 4 ,sev5?ly1 ,:e!r ^u !      
,solution ( sev]al k9ds ( ,salts1 be    
ga9$ s _m sev]al quantities ( ,space8 ,t
 is1 if ! ,solution ( common ,salt ga9s1
 suppose1 an ,in*1 :e!r ! ,solution (   
,salt ,armoniack ga9s z mu*1 or m1 or   
less8 & s = o!r ,salts4  #h4 4 ,eigh?ly1
 ,:at t j space may be1 :i* any ,salt   
ga9e? ) respect to its own ,bulk1 or t (
 ! ,wat]8  #i4 4 ,& fir/1 = !           
,sup]impregnation ( ,wat]2 ,i put into a
 bottle ij ( fair ,wat]2 add+ !reto1    
fir/ half an ,ounce ( ,nitre2 & aft]w>ds
 m1 z ! ,wat] w\ld dissolve x2 & 7t ,i  
might be sure ! ,impregnation 0 full7 "s
 portion above :at ! ,wat] w\ld be>4 ,!n
 hav+ sep>at$ ?is rema9+ portion2 ,i put

 to ?is ,solution ( ,nitre1 two ,dra*ms 
( ,sal ,armoniac2 :i* :olly & easily    
dissolv$ 9 ! said ,solution2 ?\gh x w\ld
 n be> a gra9 m ( ,nitre4 ,i !n add$ a  
?ird ,dra*m ( ,sal ,armoniac1 aft] t a  
f\r?1 & a fif?2 all :i*1 )9 ! space (   
half an h\r1 7 p]fectly dissolv$ 9 !    
said ,solution1 )\t any precipitation ( 
! ,nitre4  #aj4 4 ,9 ! mak+ ( ?is       
,exp]im5t1 two ?+s1 to r5d] x           
infallaci\s1 are to be not$4 ,t ! said  
,salts 7 n dissolv$ by ! help ( ,fire1 b
 only by a /rong & cont9u$ ,agitation4  
,& t ?is 0 done ^u a w>m day3 :i* ,i    
m5tion1 because t ev5 ! *anges ( ! wea!r
 w some:at alt] ! ,solubility ( !       
,salts4  #aa4 4 ,hav+ made ! ,exp]im5t  
^u two ,salts1 ,i proce$$ to repeat x ^u
 ?ree4 ,& fir/ ,i dissolv$ z mu* common 
,salt 9 ij ( ,wat]1 z t quantity w\ld   
be>4 ,!n hav+ sep>at$ ! subsid+ portion2
 ,i put to ! ,solution1 no less ?an five
 ,dra*ms ( ,nitre1 :i* by a cont9u$     
,agitation1 0 :olly dissolv$ !re91 nei!r
 ! ,nitre nor ! common ,salt be+ 9 !    

lea/ precipitat$4 ,!n add+ a ,scruple m1
 x w\ld n dissolve1 b subsid$4 ,?is     
second subsid+ portion1 ,i aga9 sep>at$2
 & !n put to ?is ,sup]impregnation1 ne> 
j ( ,sal ,armoniac1 :i* 0 also dissolv$ 
z ! =m]4 ,& if z _m m ,salts _h be5     
add$1 'tis probable t ! same ,wat] w\ld 
h born "s quantity ( !m all4  #ab4 4 ,f 
?is ,exp]im5t1 x is a ,conclusion       
demon/rat$1 ,t n only ! visible         
,cry/als1 b ! v ,atomes ( e ,salt1 at   
lea/ ^? ,p>ticles :i* are ultimately    
dissolv$ 9 ,wat]1 h a diff]5t ,figure "o
 f ano!r4 ,because t if !y 7 all ( "o   
,figure2 !re w\ld be no                 
,sup]impregnation1 b ! ,pores ( ! same  
,wat]1 w\ld imbibe z mu* ( "o ,salt1 z  
answ]s to ! total ( two m ,salts imbib$3
 t is to say1 x w\ld z well imbibe two  
,ounces ( common ,salt1 z "o ,ounce (   
common ,salt & ano!r ( ,nitre3 :i* yet  
is contr>y to ! ,exp]im5t4 ,& x is !    
same ?+1 :e!r we suppose ! ,pores (     
,wat] to be also diff]5t1 or n4         
,because1 t if ! ,figure ( all ! said   

,atomes be ! same2 !n _! respect to !   
,pores ( ! ,wat] mu/ be ! same1 h[      
diff]5t s ev] ^? ,pores be3 :i* is also 
contr>y to ! ,exp]im5t4 ,besides x is a 
great presumption1 to say1 t ! ,pores1 &
 !re=e ! ,atomes ( ,wat] h diff]5t      
,figures2 & yet n ^? ( ,salts4  #ac4 4  
,f ! same ,exp]im5t we may g ^u good    
gr\nd 9 ,comp\nd$ ,infusions2 :e!r (    
,purgative1 or o!r ,mat]ials4 ,z n      
d\bt+1 b t ! same ,m5/ruum may be highly
 impregnat$ ) sev]al ,+r$i5ts at once1  
^: op]ative p>ts may be !re9 copi\sly   
dissolv$1 )\t h9dr+ ei!r an ,extraction1
 or caus+ a ,precipitation "o ( an o!r4 
#ad4 4 ,! ,second ,enquiry is1 ,) :at   
diff]5ce ?is ,sup]impregnation ( ,wat]  
is made8 :i* ,i f9d consid]able4 ,= a   
,solution ( above five ,dra*ms ( ,nitre 
may be sup]impregnat$ ) no less quantity
 ( ,sal ,armoniac4 ,& a ,solution ( five
 ,dra*ms ( common ,salt1 may be         
sup]impregnat$ ) z mu* ,nitre4 ,yet     
nei!r a /rong ,solution 7z ( five       
,dra*ms7 ( common ,salt1 w be> above two

 ,scruples ( ,sal ,armoniac3 nor w a    
/rong ,solution 7z ( five ,dra*ms7 (    
,sal ,armoniac1 be> above a ,dra*m (    
common ,salt3 = if above ! said         
quantities ( ei!r ( !m be mix$ toge!r3  
!y are bo? copi\sly & =?) precipitat$ to
 ! bottome ( ! ,glass4  #ae4 4 ,:5ce1   
not)/&+ ! =m] ,exp]im5t1 yet are we     
admoni%$1 n to infuse all mann] (       
,+r$i5ts 9 any proportion4 ,because ?\gh
 "s d n1 yet o!rs w precipitate "o      
ano!r4  #af4 4 ,! ,?ird ,enquiry 0 ?is1 
,:e!r ! ,solution ( a small] quantity ( 
sev]al ,salts1 do? consi/ ) !           
non-increase ( ! ,bulk ( ! ,wat]8 ,= ?is
 ,i took a ,bol!ad ) a sl5d] ,neck1     
conte9+ ab\t a p9t & a qu>t] ( ,wat]2 & 
dissolv$ !re9 ab\t j ( ,nitre4 ,& m>k+ !
 place to :i* ! ,wat] asc5d$ 9 ! ,neck (
 ! ,bol!ad3 ,i !n dissolv$ 9 ! same     
,wat] ab\t a ,dra*m ( ,sal ,gemm3 :i*   
little quantity1 rais$ ! ,wat] above    
half an ,in* high] !n x 0 be=e4 ,! l ,i 
obs]v$ 9 ! addition ( ,nitre to a       
,solution ( ,sal ,armoniac4 ,s t to     

suppose ! v>iation ( ! ,salt do? prev5t 
! increase ( ! ,bulk ( ! ,wat]1 is a    
manife/ ,error4  #ag4 4 ,f ! same       
,exp]im5t x also appe>s1 ,t ! asc5t ( ! 
,wat] ^u a ,sup]impregnation1 is ! same1
 by :atsoev] ,salt ! fir/ ,impregnation 
be made4 ,= in/ance1 ,let a ,solution ( 
,nitre asc5d 9 ! ,neck ( ! ,bol!ad1     
suppose1 to #aj ,in*es1 !n add  an      
,ounce m ( ,nitre1 s z to raise ! ,wat]1
 suppose1 #ab ,in*es or m1 or less1     
accord+ to ! ,bore ( ! ,neck4 ,9 l      
mann]1 let a ,solution ( ,sal ,armoniac 
rea* to t5 ,in*es3 !n add aga9 half an  
,ounce ( ,nitre2 & x w rea* j #ab       
,in*es1 or m or less1 z be=e4  #ah4 4 ,!
 ,f\r? ,enquiry is1 ,:at quantity ( !   
sev]al k9ds ( ,salt1 may be dissolv$    
sev]ally 9 ! same quantity ( ,wat]3 t is
 to say1 by agitation alone1 )\t ! help 
( fire1 z ,i not$ be=e4 ,& ^u tryal x   
appe>s1 ,fir/1 t two ,ounces ( ,wat] w  
dissolve ?ree ,ounces ( ,loaf-,sug> & no
 m1 except ! ,wat] be heat$4  #ai4 4 ,! 
same quantity ( ,wat] t is1 two ,ounces 

w dissolve above two ,ounces ( ,salt (  
,t>t>4 ,i say above1 = h[ mu* m1 want ( 
a great] quantity ( ,salt :i* ,i c\ld   
confide 91 made me t ,i c\ld n f9i% !   
,exp]im5t4  #bj4 4 ,! same quantity1 sc4
 two ,ounces ( ,wat]1 dissolve? an      
,ounce & a ,dra*m ( ,gre5 ,vitriol4     
#ba4 4 ,! l quantity dissolve? six      
,dra*ms & a ,scruple or above  ( an     
,ounce ( common ,salt4  #bb4 4 ,(       
,nitre1 ,five ,dra*ms two ,scruples & an
 half4  #bc4 4 ,( ,sal ,armoniac1 five  
,dra*ms & two ,scruples4  #bd4 4 ,(     
,alum1 n above two ,dra*ms & a ,scruple4
  #be4 4 ,& ( ,borax1 n above a ,dra*m &
 half a ,scruple4  #bf4 4 ,( ^! note1 ,t
 al?\gh ,common ,salt be v dissoluble1 &
 w pres5tly cat* ! moy/ure ( ! ,a]3 yet 
a mu* great] quantity n only ( ,salt (  
,t>t>1 b ev5 ( ,loaf ,sug>1 & ( ,gre5   
,vitriol x self1 may be dissolv$ 9 ,wat]
 ?an ( ,common ,salt4  #bg4 4 ,aga91 z !
 great ,solubility ( "s1 s ! less       
,solubility ( o!r ,salts is also        
obs]vable1 z ( ,alum1 & ,borax4 ,= !    

same quantity ( ,wat] w dissolve ne> f\r
 times z mu* ( ,gre5 ,vitriol1 z x w (  
,alum4 ,& ( ,sug> m ?an t5 times z mu*4 
,( ,gre5 ,vitriol ne> eight times z mu* 
z ( ,borax2 & ( ,sug>1 tw5ty times z    
mu*4  #bh4 4 ,f ?is ,exp]im5t we are    
likewise caution$1 n only 9 ! ,infusion 
( sev]al ,+r$i5ts toge!r1 b ( any "o    
s+ly2 t su* a proportion !re( to !      
,m5/ruum1 be n exce$$4 ,= all t is ov] &
 above :at ! ,m5/ruum w be>1 is ei!r n  
extract$1 or w be precipitat$4 ,z is    
evid5t n only 9 ! ,dissolution ( !      
,salts above nam$1 b 9 ! ,infusion (    
,plants !mselves3 z1 = in/ance1 ( ,s5na2
 two ,dra*ms :]e( w impregnate f\r      
,ounces ( ,wat] z /rongly1 z if twice ! 
quantity 7 infus$2 because ! ,wat] w be>
 no m ( ! ,purgative ,p>ts ( t ,body4   
#bi4 4 ,!re is only "o ,salt m rema9e?  
to be spok5 ( "u ?is ,exp]im5t2 & t is1 
! ,cry/als ( ,t>t>4 ,:]e(1 x is some:at 
/range to obs]ve1 t x w sc>ce at all    
dissolve 9 ,wat]3 n m1 ?an ev5 div]s    
,res9\s ,gums1 z ,ma/ick1 ,tolu1        

,tac*amahacca1 & "s o!rs w d4 ,= if two 
,dra*ms1 suppose ( ^! ,cry/als1 ( ,t>t> 
7commonly sold = ,cremor ,t>t>i7 be put 
to "o ,ounce ( ,wat]1 sc>ce five ,gra9s 
!re( w1 by ,agitation1 be !re9 dissolv$4
                                        
,,*ap4 ,,ii4    ,9 :i* is %ew$1 t by !  
,solution ( ,salts 9 ,wat]1      "s     
c]ta9 space1 m or less1 is ga9$4 ,t !   
space is      diff]5t accord+ to !      
,nature ( ! ,salt4 ,& :at !      j space
 is1 :i* is ga9$4   ,,! ,fif? ,enquiry  
is1 ,:e!r by dissolv+ ( a ,salt 9 ,wat]1
 !re be any space ga9$1 or n4 ,t is1    
:e!r ! ,bulk ( ! ,wat] be great] be=e ! 
,salt ly+ 9 x be fully dissolv$1 ?an    
aft]w>ds4 ,= tryal :]e(1 ,i took a      
,bolt-head ) a sl5d] ,neck1 hold+       
some:at m ?an a p9t2 & fill+ x up to a  
c]ta9 place 9 ! ,neck2 ,i !n put 9 an   
,ounce or two ( ,salt4 ,& obs]v+ ! hight
 ( ! ,wat]1 bo? be=e x 0 dissolv$1 &    
aft]w>ds2 ,x pla9ly appe>$1 t !re 0 "s1 
& t a consid]able space1 ga9$ by !      
,dissolution2 ! ,wat] !reby s9k+ sev]al 

,in*es bel[ ! place1 :]e x /ood aft] !  
,salt 0 fir/ put into x4  #b4 4 ,f ?is  
,exp]im5t x is pla91 t !re are          
,vacuities 9 ,wat]4 ,t is to say1 t all 
! p>ts ( ,wat] are n contigu\s1 b t ei!r
 betwixt1 or 9 ! ,atomes ( ! ,wat]      
!mselves1 !re are c]ta9 ,pores1 ei!r    
absolutely void1 or at lea/ fill$ up )  
ano!r m subtile body :i* is easily      
exclud$ by ! p>ticles ( ,salt3 by       
possess+ ! room ( :i* ! above said space
 is ga9$4  #c4 4 ,! ,six? ,enquiry is1  
,:e!r ! space be equally ga9$1 by an    
equal encrease ( ! same ,salt4  #d4 4 ,=
 ?is ,i made two tryals2 ! fir/ 0 ?is4  
,two half ,ounces ( ,salt ,armoniac1 be+
 successively dissolv$ 9 ! same ,wat]2  
bo? ( !m rais$ up ! ,wat] 9 ! ,neck ( ! 
,bolt-head1 equally2 ! fir/ #c ,in*es 1 
& s ! second4  #e4 4 ,! o!r 0 ?is4 ,f\r 
half ,ounces ( ,nitre1 be+ successively 
dissolv$ 9 ! same ,wat]1 !y all ( !m    
rais$ up ! ,wat] 9 ! ,neck ( !          
,bolt-head1 equally2 ! fir/ a little    
above two ,in*es1 & ! #b1 #c1 & #d1 j z 

mu*4  #f4 4 ,! ,sev5? ,enquiry is1 ,:e!r
 ^u ! ,dissolution ( sev]al k9ds (      
,salts1 be ga9$ s _m sev]al quantities (
 space4 ,= ?is ,i made tryal ^u ,elev5  
sev]al ,salts1 sc4 ,salt ( ,t>t>1       
,common ,salt1 ,sal ,gemmeus1 ,roman    
,vitriol1 ,nitre1 ,:ite ,vitriol1 ,gre5 
,vitriol1 ,alum1 ,borax1 ,loaf-,sug>1 & 
,sal ,armoniac2 ( all :i*1 ,i dissolv$  
an equal quantity sc4 two ,ounces1 9 an 
equal quantity ( ,wat]1 sev]ally2 t is1 
tak+ fre% ,wat] = e ,solution4 ,!       
success 01 ,t ! ,sal ,armoniac rais$ !  
,wat] #ae ,in*es4 ,! ,loaf-,sug>1 #ac   
,in*es &  ,! ,borax1 a ,foot4 ,! ,alum  
#aa ,in*es1 & 4 ,gre5 ,vitriol1 #i      
,in*es &  ,:ite ,vitriol1 #i ,in*es & 4 
,nitre1 #h ,in*es1 &  ,roman ,vitriol1  
#g ,in*es &  ,sal ,gemm1 #f ,in*es1 &   
,common ,salt1 #f ,in*es &  ,salt (     
,t>t>1 n above #d ,in*es & 4 ,all :i*   
diff]5ces are pla91 & mo/ ( !m v        
rem>quable3 ,two ,ounces ( ,sal         
,armoniac rais+ ! ,wat] ne> f\r times z 
high1 z ! same quantity ( ,salt ( ,t>t>4

  #g4 4 ,f ?is & ! f\r? ,exp]im5t1      
comp>$1 x also appe>s1 ,t ! sev]al      
spaces ga9$ by ! sev]al ,salts1 ?\gh    
sometimes !y d1 yet d n always answ] to 
! ,solubility ( ! said ,salts4 ,z to    
give "s ,in/ances2 ,loaf-,sug> is ! mo/ 
dissoluble ( any o!r ,salt2 yet x ga9e? 
less space ?an all ! re/1 save only ,sal
 ,armoniac4 ,s ,gre5 ,vitriol is m      
dissoluble !n ei!r ,nitre or ,common    
,salt2 yet ga9e? less space ?an ei!r1   
especially ?an ! latt]4 ,& ,sal         
,armoniac1 :i* is m dissoluble ?an ,alum
 or ,borax1 yet ga9e? less space ?an    
ei!r ( !m4 ,! ,cause :]e( is n easily   
assign$4  #h4 4 ,note also1 t by ! same 
,exp]im5t1 z well z by ! ,ta/e & o!r    
,circum/ances1 x is pla91 ,t ,sal ,gemm 
is no?+ else b ,common ,salt1 coagulat$ 
or ,cry/alliz'd "u ,gr\nd4  #i4 4 ,aga91
 z ! ,fif? ,exp]im5t %ewe?1 ,t !re are  
,vacuities 9 ,wat]3 s do? ?is ,la/1 t ^?
 ,vacuities1 are ( diff]+ k9ds4         
,because1 o!rwise1 x %\ld seem1 ,t !    
,bulk ( ! ,wat] w\ld increase1 m or     

less1 accord+ to ! ,solubilitie ( e     
,salt1 & n be alt]nately diff]5c$ z x   
is2 ,"s ,salts1 m dissoluble1 increas+ !
 ,bulk ( ! ,wat] less1 & o!rs less      
dissoluble1 increas+ x m4 ,i say1 t ?is 
diff]5ce dep5de? n only ^u ! diff]5t    
,figures ( ! ,atomes ( ,salt2 because !n
 e ,salt :i* is m dissoluble1 w\ld      
7quantity = quantity7 take up less room 
9 ! ,wat]3 :i* is contr>y to !          
,exp]im5t4  #aj4 4 ,f ! same ,exp]im5t1 
h[soev] p>adoxical x may seem1 yet is x 
also manife/1 ,t al?\gh ,wat] be a      
,fluid1 yet ! ,p>ticles !re( are h>d &  
consi/5t1 & unalt]able 9 _! ,figure4    
,o!rwise x is pla91 ,t all mann] (      
,salts w\ld be dissolv$ 9 ! same mann]1 
& take up ! same room 9 ! ,wat]4 ,= let 
! ,figures ( ! ,salts be nev] s v>i\s1  
yet if ! ,p>ticles ( ,wat] 7 !mselves   
,fluid or ,inconsi/5t & ,alt]able1 !y   
w\ld always s con=me to ^? ,figures1 z  
to fill up all ,vacuities2 & s ^u !     
,solution ( sev]al ,salts1 if ( equal   
quantity1 ! ,wat] w\ld /ill rete9 an    

equal ,bulk4 ,z suppose an ,ounce (     
,iron 7 drawn into ,wy]1 ano!r beat5    
into ,plates1 a ?ird made into ,hooks1 a
 f\r? into ,ne$les1 a fif? into ,nails2 
e "o ( ^! five ,ounces1 be+ put sev]ally
 into ,wat] w encrease its ,bulk        
equally4 ,i conclude !re=e1 ,t ! ,atomes
 ( ,wat] are h>d & unalt]able4  #aa4 4  
,! ,eigh? ,enquiry 0 ?is1 ,:at t j space
 might be1 :i* any ,salt ga9e? ^u       
,dissolution1 ) respect to its own      
,bulk1 or ! ,bulk ( ! ,wat]8 ,= ! mak+ (
 ?is ,exp]im5t1 ,wat] w n s]ve1 nor yet 
,_s ( ,w9e2 because !y bo? ( !m dissolve
 m or less ( ^? ,salts :i* are put into 
!m2 :]eby ! obs]vation ( ! true ,bulk ( 
! ,salt1 & consequ5tly ( ! j space x    
ga9e? by ,dissolution is lo/4 ,i took   
!re=e ,oyl ( ,turp5t9e1 & p\r+ x into a 
,bolt-head1 m>k$ ! place ( its asc5t 9 !
 ,neck4 ,!n p\r+ likewise into x two    
,ounces ( ,common ,salt1 ,i m>k$ !      
second asc5t ( ! ,oyl2 & f\nd x to be   
#aj ,in*es & #f eigh?s4 ,repeat+ !      
,exp]im5t 9 l mann] ) two ,ounces (     

,nitre1 ,i f\nd ! asc5t ( ! ,oyl to be  
#aa ,in*es & 4 ,repeat+ x aga9 ) two    
,ounces ( ,alum1 ! asc5t ( ! ,oyl 0 #ac 
,in*es & #b_/h ,& mak+ x once m ) ,sal  
,armoniac1 ! ,oyl asc5d$ to #ae ,in*es3 
! said sev]al asc5ts ( ! ,oyl be+ ! true
 spaces :i* ! ,f\r abovesaid ,salts     
take4 ,f :i*1 ! space :i* ! same ,salts 
take up ^u ,dissolution1 be+ d$uct$2 !  
rema9d] is ! space ga9$ by t            
,dissolution4 ,& s x appe>s1 fir/1 t    
,sal ,armoniac ga9e? no?+2 be+ ! only   
,salt ( all ,i h try$1 :i* cause? !     
equal asc5t bo? ( ! ,wat] & ! ,oyl sc4 j
 #ae ,in*es 9 bo?4 ,alum cause? ! asc5t 
( ! ,oyl to #ac-b_/h1 ( ! ,wat]1 to #aa 
,in*es & 3 ,s t x ga9s ab\t #a ,in* &   
out ( #ac4 ,nitre cause? ! asc5t ( !    
,oyl1 to #aa ,in*es & 2 ( ! ,wat]1 to #h
 ,in*es &  ,s t ,nitre by ,dissolution  
gets almo/ ! space ( #c ,in*es 9 #aa4   
,common ,salt cause? ! asc5t ( ! ,oyl1  
to #aj ,in*es & #f_/h2 ( ! ,wat]1 #f    
,in*es &  ,s t ,common ,salt ga9s by    
,dissolution #d ,in*es 9 #aj1 :i* is v  

consid]able4  #ab4 4 ,by ?is way !      
,specifick ,gravity ( all k9ds ( ,salts 
may be easily tak51 & ! diff]5ce betwixt
 !m is some:at surpriz+4 ,= x appe>s by 
! ,asc5t ( ! ,oyl1 t ,nitre1 quantity = 
quantity1 is ab\t a #bb "p light] ?an   
,common ,salt4 ,alum ab\t a #f "p       
light]4 ,& ,salt ,armoniac1 almo/ a #d  
"p light] ?an ,common ,salt4 ,! l       
e/imate may be made ( ! ,gravity ( all  
o!r ,salts4  #ac4 4 ,by ! same ,exp]im5t
 x also appe>s1 ,t accord+ to !         
,specifick ,gravity ( ,salts !y are _m  
times at lea/ m or less ,volatile2 z 9 !
 f\r la/ ,salts is pla94 ,= ,common     
,salt :i* ( all ! f\r is ! mo/ fix$1 is 
also ! heavye/4 ,nitre :i* is some:at   
less fix$ is some:at light]4 ,b ,alum   
:i* is /ill less fix$ is mu* light]4 ,& 
,sal ,armoniac :i* is :olly ,volatile1  
is ! lighte/ ( all ! ,salts above       
m5tion$4                                
,,*ap4 ,,iii4    ,:]e91 f ! ,exp]im5ts 9
 ! =ego+ ,*apt]1 is      %ew$1 ! ,cause 
( ! ,motion ( ! ,m]cury 9 !             

,,b>omet]4   ,,= ! do+ ( ?is1 x w fir/  
be ackn[l$g'd1 ,t n only sev]al sorts ( 
,sulphur1 b also ( ,volatile ,salts1 are
 cont9ually sublim$ f mo/ ,bodies into !
 ,a]4 ,s ,lightn+1 f ! cel]ity ( !      
asc5sion1 appe>s to be made ( a ,meteor1
 :i* is ,nitro-,sulphure\s4 ,sn[ dep5de?
 ^u a ,mixture ( ,nitr\s1 & o!r ,salts2 
z is evid5t1 f ! regul>ly & diff]5tly   
,figur'd ,p>ts1 :i* compose ! :ole ,body
 ( a ,sn[y ,cl\d1 be=e x clu/]s into    
,flakes4 ,& "o reason1 :y ,ra9 is ! be/ 
,wat] = any ,soyl1 is because x is      
impregnat$ ) div]s ,volatile & ,fruitful
 ,salts4 ,& s f o!r ,meteors4  #b4 4 ,& 
next1 t ^! ,salts1 are n always 9 ! same
 ,quantity1 ,proportion1 & ,/ate1 9 !   
,a]3 b t sometimes !y are m copi\s2 at  
o!rs1 less3 sometimes1 "o m copi\s1 ?an 
an o!r3 sometimes1 m pl5tifully         
dissolv$2 at o!rs1 m sp>+ly3 & t1 ei!r z
 !y are m or less pure & dissoluble2 or 
accord+ to ! quantity ( ! ,vapor\s ,p>ts
 9 ! ,a]1 9 :i* !y are incorporat$ or   
dissolv$4  #c4 4 ,?us mu* be+ grant$1 f 

! ,exp]im5ts 9 ! =ego+ ,*apt] comp>$    
toge!r1 we may resolve our selves ab\t  
"s ,phnom5a 9 ! ,b>ometre4 ,:i* seems to
 v>y1 n s mu* ) ! me] ,weight ( ! ,a]1  
:i* hi!rto ha? be5 suppos$3 z by !      
diff]5t pressure x makes1 9 be+ cr[d$ m 
at "o "t1 ?an at ano!r4 ,t is1 accord+ z
 c]ta9 ,nitr\s1 or o!r ,sal9e ,bodies1  
take up less ,space 9 ! ,a]1 :5 dissolv$
 9 ! ,wat]y ,p>ts !re91 ?an :ile !y are 
undissolv$4  #d4 4 ,& !re=e x is        
especially to be obs]v$1 ,t z ! ,m]cury 
commonly rise? 9 ! ,cyl9d] = "s days1 b 
always = "s "t1 be=e ! *ange ( ! ,wea!r1
 :e!r = ,sn[ or ,ra93 ,s1 t !n x        
pres5tly falle? aga91 ev5 be=e ! ,sn[ or
 ,ra9 falls4 ,:]eas1 if ! ,weight ( !   
,a]1 7 ! only1 or ! *ief ,cause ( !     
asc5t ( ! ,m]cury2 ?an z x rise? all !  
:ile ! ,wea!r is ga!r+1 s x w\ld keep   
its /&+ or heigh?1 until ! ,wea!r breaks
 & falle? d[n3 :i* yet x nev] do?1 b    
always falls be=e x2 sometimes no less  
?an a :ole day4 ,! ,cause :]e( is1 9 t  
all ! :ile ! ,m]cury rise? 9 ! ,cyl9d]1 

! ,a] is cr[d$ ) m & m ,sal9e ,p>ts1 :i*
 by ! ,w9ds1 or o!rwise1 are c>ry$ into 
x2 & s cause? x to press ^u ! ,m]cury 9 
! ,box3 b aft] t 9 "s "t ! ,salts are   
dissolv$ or incorporat$ 9 ! ,aque\s     
,p>ts ( ! ,a]1 z 9 ,ra9 or ,sn[2 s soon 
z t is done1 !re is "s ,space ga9d2 & s1
 be=e any ,wea!r falle?1 ! ,a] is less  
cr[d$1 & presse? less ^u ! ,m]cury 9 !  
,box1 :i* gives way to its desc5t 9 !   
,cyl9d]4  #e4 4 ,f h5ce also x is1 t !  
,m]cury rise? high] ) ,cold ,w9ds1 ?an x
 do? ) ^? :i* are ,w>me4 ,bo? because t 
9 cold ,w9ds !re is ! greate/ quantity (
 ,nitre3 & t ! colde/ ,w9ds1 are usually
 ! drye/4 ,s t ! ,nitre want+ ,moy/ure  
fully to dissolve x2 x takes up s mu* ! 
great] space1 & s cause? a great]       
pressure 9 ! ,a]1 z ha? be5 said4  #f4 4
 ,la/ly1 ,= ! same reason x comes to    
pass1 t ! ,m]cury fir/ rise? high]1 & !n
 falle? l[] be=e ,sn[1 ?an x do? be=e   
,ra94 ,because t = ! production ( ,sn[1 
! ,a] is cr[d$ ) a great] quantity (    
,nitre1 or "s o!r l ,salts2 :i* be=e !y 

are dissolv$1 take up s mu* ! m space2 &
 aft]w>ds s mu* ! less1 ev5 be=e ! ,sn[ 
falls3 z ha? be5 prov$4                 
,,f9is4                                 
,,an                                    
,,index                                 
,,( ,,!                                 
,*ief ,matt]s1    ,9 :i*1 ,id4 signifies
 ,idea4 ,an4 ,anotmy4 ,! ,figures be=e  
4 ! ,page4 ,! ,figures foll[+ 4 !       
,section 9 t ,page4     ,a4    ,acid1   
commonly ! pr$om9ant ,pr9ciple 9        
,plants1 #bdj4 4 #h4     ,t is ( !      
,p>5*yma1 ,id4 4 #dh4    ,a]1 h[ to be  
exam9$1 z relat+ to ,vegetation1 ,id4 4 
#fj4    ,a]1 9 ,plants1 ,h[ made1 ,an4  
#ic4 4 #fa4     ,:]e x ent]s ! ,plant1  
#abg4 4 #a4     ,its ,motion & ,c\rse 9 
,plants1 ibid4    ,a]eal ,salt1 ,id4 4  
#fj4    ,a]-,vessels1 _! ,/ructure1     
#aae4 4 #af1 c4     see ,root & o!r     
,p>ts4    ,aff9ities ( ,plants1 ,id4 #f4
 4 #aa4    ,age ( ,roots1 ,see ,roots4  
,agitation1 a ,cause ( ,mixture1 #bcj44 
#f4    ,ak]n1 #ahf4    ,album51 see     

,se$4    ,alkal9e ,salt1 9 _m ,plants 9 
_! natural e/ate1 #bdj44 #i4     ,?is ! 
pr$om9ant ,pr9ciple ( ! true ,wood ( a  
,plant1          ,id4 4 #eb4            
,anagallis1 ( :at ,ta/e1 #bhd4 4 #aj4   
,angellica ,roots1 :5 dry1 full ( ,ros91
 ,id4 4 #da4    ,anatomy ( ,plants1 :y  
fit to be made1 ,id4 4 #ag4     ,9 :at  
mann]1 4 #ah4     ,:at to be obs]v$     
!reby1 4 #ai4     ,( :at use1 4 #bj4    
,animals1 _! ,p>ts mix$ ) sev]al        
,m5/ruums1 #bdg4 to #bec4               
,can?>ides1 ( :at nature1 #bdi4         
,antimony1 ( :at nature1 #bde4 4 #bc4   
,ap]tures ( ,se$s1 ,an4 #b4 4 #e4       
#bjj44 #a4    ,apple describ$1 ,an4 #dj4
 4 #b4  #agi4    ,aprecock1 #adh4       
,arsm>t1 cod$1 h[ its ,se$ ejaculat$1   
#ahh4 4 #ah4    ,ar5ul 9 ,pe>s1 ,an4    
#da4 4 #d4  #bda4 4 #bj4    ,arum-,root1
 ( :at ,ta/e1 #bha4 4 #ba4     ,! ,pe/il
 ( :at ,sc5t1 ,id4 4 #bh4    ,aqua-=tis 
d\ble1 mix$ ) ,_s ( ,w9e1 :at rem>quable
         !reupon1 #bdb4 4 #bf4     ,)   
,/eel1 #bdd4 4 #bb4     ,) ,t91 #bde4 4 

#bg4    ,asa ftida1 ( :at nature1 #beh4 
,qu]y1 #b4    ,asc5t ( ! ,trunk1 h[     
made1 ,an4 #bb4 4 #ba4     ,a ,magnetick
 ,motion1 #acf4    ,asc5t ( ! ,sap1 h[  
made1 ,an4 #bd4 4 #bi4  #abf4 4 #ac4    
,asp>agus1 ( :at ,ta/e1 #bhd4 4 #aj4    
,attire ( ,plants see ,fl[]4     ,b4    
,b>bado ,nut1 ,id4 4 #cj4    ,b>que ( ! 
,root1 see ,root4     ,( ! ,trunk1 see  
,trunk4    ,bawme1 its ,t9cture 9 ,wat]1
 #bgd4 4 #aa4     ,9 ,_s ( ,w9e1 #bge4 4
 #ad4    ,beams ( ! ,sun1 diff]5t f !   
,heat ( ,common ,fire1 ,id4 4 #fa4      
,bean dissect$1 ,an4 4 #a4              
,bee*-,wood1 ,an4 #bj4    ,b]ry1 see    
,fruits4    ,bezo>1 its nature1 #beb4 4 
#di4    ,bezo>dicum m9]ale1 #bde4 4 #be4
    ,ble$+ ( ,plants1 ,id4 4 #bc41 ,an4 
#abd4 4 #h4    ,bolus1 :at1 #bdb4 4 #b4 
,bonus ,h5ricus1 ( :at ,ta/e4 #bhd4 4   
#aj4    ,bones1 _! diff]5t nature1 #bdi4
 4 #ah4    ,bran*1 h[ made1 ,an4 #bh4 4 
#c4     ,its ,clasp]s1 ,an4 #bg4 see    
,trunks4    ,bud ( a ,bran*1 h[         
orig9at$1 n\ri%$1 & kept1 ,an4 #bh4 4   

#a4     ,h[ kept1 #ade4 4 #b4     ,bud (
 ! ,se$1 see ,se$4    ,butyr ( ,flax1   
,id4 4 #ea4     ,c4    ,calamus         
,aromaticus1 ( :at ,ta/1 #bhc4 4 #f4    
,can?>ides1 _! nature1 #bdi4 4 #ad4     
,case ( ! ,se$1 ( sev]al mann]s1 ,an4   
#de4 4 #b4  #ahf4    ,c>duus gre5       
,leavs1 _! sc5t1 ,id4 4 #bh4    ,ca/or1 
#bej4 4 #bh4    ,cel&9e1 little1 :]e    
ta/$1 #bhd4 4 #aj4    ,*]ry1 #ahe4      
,circulation ( ! ,sap1 ,an4 #ag4 4 #cj4 
,clasp]s1 ,an4 #bg4    ,clematis        
p]egr9a1 ! ,se$-,case ( :at ,ta/1 #bhc4 
4 #c4    ,coats ( ! ,se$1 see ,se$4     
,colocyn?is4 ,its nature1 #bdj4 4 #ac4  
#beg4 ,qu]y #e4     ,:]e ta/$1 #bhd4 4  
#h4    ,col\rs ( ,plants1 ,to :at ,p>ts 
( ,plants !y belong1 ,id4 4 #bf4     ,h[
 to be obs]v$1 ,id4 4 #bg4     ,col\rs (
 ,roots1 ,an4 #id4 4 #fe4  #bgj4 4 #e4  
,( ,leavs1 #bgj4 4 #f4     ,( ,fl[]s1   
#bga4 4 #ae4     ,by ,infusion1 9 ,oyl1 
#bgc4       ,9 ,wat]1 #bgd4       ,9 ,_s
 ( ,w9e1 ibid4     ,by _! ,mixture ) o!r
 ,bodies1 #bge4     ,by ,cultivation1   

#bgg4     ,_! ,causes summ$ up1 #bgf4   
,compression a ,cause ( ,mixture2 & (   
,dissolution1 #bbi4 4 #c4        #bcb4 4
 #d4  #bcg4 4 #c1 #d4    ,cont5ts (     
,plants1 9 :at ,me?od to be exam9$1 ,id4
 4 #ba to #bf4         #ca to #dg4      
,( :at k9d1 4 #ba4     ,_! ,receptacles1
 4 #bb4       ,motions1 4 #bc4          
,quantities1 4 #bd4       ,consi/5ce4 4 
#be4     ,h[ made 9 ! sev]al ,p>ts ( a  
,plant1 ,an4 #ib4 4 #eg4     ,:at 9 !   
,se$1 #bjh4 4 #ae4    ,contray]va1 ( :at
 ,ta/e1 #bhc4 4 #f4    ,convolution ( ! 
,trunk a ,magnnetick ,motion1 #acg4     
,copp]1 its nature1 #bde4 4 #bh4        
,copp]as1 #bdf4 4 #ch4    ,coral1 !     
,magi/]y1 #bdd4 4 #ae4     ,t9cture1    
,id4 4 #bh4    ,cor9 :ite1 #bhe4        
,cortical ,body1 see ,b>que4    ,cov]s (
 ! ,se$1 see ,se$4    ,cucum]1 ,an4     
#aha4     ,leavs ( ! wild1 ( :at ,ta/e1 
#bhj4 4 #aa4  #bhc4 4 #f4     ,:]e ta/$1
 #bhd4 4 #d1 #h4     ,d4    ,daisy      
leaves1 :]e ta/$1 #bhd4 4 #aj4          
,desc5t ( ! ,root1 h[ made1 ,an4 #cd4 4 

#c4    ,diametral ,rays1 see ,roots4    
,dige/]1 ! nature ( t inv5t$ by ,mons4  
,papp91 #bcg4    ,dissolution ( ,bodies 
promot$ by ,compression1 #bcg4          
,dissimil> ,leavs1 see ,leavs4          
,dragon ,root1 #ei4 4 #ac4    ,dung (   
,pigeons1 #bea4 4 #cg4     ,e4    ,e>?1 
h[ to be exam9'd1 z relat+ to           
,vegetation1 ,id4 4 #eg4     ,h[ nature 
prep>es x = ! gr[? ( ,plants1 #aa4 4 #h4
    ,empalem5t1 see ,fl[]4              
,emulsions1 sometimes = ,gly/]s1 ,id4   
#ci4    ,enula1 ( :at ,ta/e1 #bhc4 4 #c1
 #d4    ,ess5tial ,salts ( ,plants1 see 
,salts4    ,ev]gre51 #aef4 4 #b4        
,euphorbium1 ( :at nature1 #bjj4 4 #a4  
#bda4 4 #ai4 4 #beh4 ,qu]y #b4     ,(   
:at ,ta/e1 #bhc4 4 #f4     ,f4    ,fat1 
h[ made by ,art or ,nature1 #bcc4 4 #c4 
,f]m5tation1 #bec4 4 #ee4    ,fib]s ( ! 
,leaf1 see ,leavs4     ,( ! ,se$1 see   
,se$4    ,figures1 ( ,plants1 ,id4 4    
#aa4     ,( ,roots1 ,an4 #eh4 4 #d4     
,( ,trunks1 #ace4     ,( ,leavs1 #aej4 4
 #a4     ,( ,se$s1 #aie4    ,figs1 _!   

,sug>1 ,id4 4 #da4    ,flax1 its nature1
 #beh4 ,qu]y #a4    ,fl[]1 its          
,empalem5t1 ,an4 #ce4 4 #b4  #afc4      
,foliature1 its ,f\lds1 ,an4 #cf4 4 #e4 
#afd4 4 #a4       ,protections1 ,an4    
#cf4 4 #g4       ,hairs1 ,an4 #cf4 4 #h4
  #afh4 4 #h4       ,globulets1 ,an4    
#cg4 4 #aj4  #afe4 4 #i4       ,numb] ( 
,leavs1 #afe4 4 #aa4       ,p>ts ( !    
,leavs1 #aff4 4 #ae4       ,use1 ,an4   
#cg4 4 #aa4  #aff4 4 #ah4       ,%ape or
 ,figure1 #afg4 4 #bj4     ,attire1     
,sem9i=m1 ,an4 #cg4 4 #ac4  #afg4       
,florid1 ,an4 #ch4 4 #ag4  #agj4        
,globulets or ,sp]me ( bo?1 ,an4 #ch4 4 
#ae4 #ci4 4 #ba4 #afh 4 #i4             
#agj4 4 #e4       ,use ( ! ,attire1 ,an4
 #ci4 4 #bb4  #aga4     ,fl[]1 :5 =m$1  
#agc4       ,col\rs ( ! ,fl[]1 #bga4    
,h[ by ! ,fl[] to f9d out to :at sort a 
,plant belonge?1             #age4 4    
#ac4    ,ftus1 see ,se$4    ,f\lds (    
,leavs1 see ,leavs4    ,=mation ( !     
,root1 see ,root4    ,fruits2 ,apple1   
,an4 #dj4 4 #b4  #agi4     ,limon1 #ahj4

     ,cucumb]1 #aha4     ,pe>1 ,an4 #da4
 4 #c4  #ahb4     ,qu9ce1 #ahc4         
,plum1 ,an4 #db4 4 #e4  #ahc4           
,aprecock1 #ahd4     ,pea*1 #ahd4       
,*]ry1 #ahe4     ,walnut1 ibid4         
,grape1 ibid4     ,gooseb]ry1 ,an4 #dc4 
4 #i4  #ahe4     ,:ite ,cor91 #ahe4     
,filb]t1 ,an4 #dc4 4 #h4  #ahf4         
,ak]n1 #ahf4     ,! ,use ( ! ,fruit1    
,an4 #dd4 4 #aj4     ,( its ,p>ts to its
 self1 #ahi4     ,to ! ,se$1 #aia  #bji4
     ,:5 ! ,fruit =m$1 #aib4 4 #i4      
,furr ( a ,h>e1 #bdg4 4 #c4     ,g4     
,gall-,/ones1 #beb4 4 #dg4    ,g5]ation 
( ! ,se$1 & o!r ,p>ts1 see ! ,se$1 &    
o!r ,p>ts4    ,g5tian ,root1 :]e ta/$1  
#bhd4 4 #e4    ,g]m51 see ,bud4         
,gly/]s1 sometimes be/ made (           
,emulsions1 ,id4 4 #ci4    ,globulets1  
see ,leavs & ,fl[]s4    ,gold1 its      
nature1 #bde4 4 #ca4    ,gooseb]ry1     
#ahe4    ,grape1 #ahe4    ,gravel1 its  
nature1 #bea4 4 #dj4    ,gums1 ( ?ree   
k9ds1 #acd4 4 #ae4     ,h4    ,hairs1   
see ,leavs & ,fl[]s4    ,h>es ,furr1    

#bdg4 4 #c4    ,h>ts-,horn1 #bdh4 4 #h4 
,hazel ,nut1 see ,fruits4    ,hellebore1
 black1 ( :at ,ta/e1 #bhj4 4 #ab4  #bhc4
 4 #c4 c4     :]e ta/$1 #bhd4 4 #d4     
,hoglice1 #bdi4 4 #ae4    ,horses ,ho(e1
 #bdg4 4 #e4     ,i4    ,jalap1 ( :at   
,ta/e1 #bhc4 4 #f4 #bhd4 4 #aj4         
,ins]tions1 9 ! ,root1 & o!r ,p>ts1 see 
,root & o!r       ,p>ts4    ,iris ,root 
describ$1 #fj4 4 #ad4    ,iri% ,slate1  
its nature1 #bdc4 4 #d4    ,iron1 see   
,/eel4     ,l4    ,lapis ,calam9>is1 its
 nature1 #bdc4 4 #i4    ,lapis ,lazuli1 
#bdc4 4 #g4    ,lapis ,tu?i1 #bdc4 4 #i4
    ,lead1 its nature1 #bdd4 4 #af4     
,lead ,sp>1 #bdd4 4 #ab4    ,leavs1 !   
two fir/ :i* come ( e ,se$1 :at1 ,an4   
#h4 4 #db1           c4     ,_! ,use1   
,an4 #aj4 4 #df4    ,leavs2 _!          
,protections1 ,an4 #cb4 4 #ag4  #ade4 4 
#b4     ,f\lds1 ,an4 #ca4 4 #ad4  #adg4 
4 #i4     ,%apes & ,measures1 ,an4 #cj4 
4 #ag4  #aej4 4 #a4     ,globulets1 ,an4
 #cd4 4 #g4  #adh4 4 #a4     ,hairs1    
,an4 #cd4 4 #d4 #adi4 4 #h4     ,spots1 

#adh4 4 #d4     ,?orns1 #adh4 4 #f4     
,_! ,comp\nd+ ,p>ts1 ,an4 #bi4 4 #g4    
,sk91 #aec4 4 #a4     ,p>5*yma or ,pulp1
 #aec4 4 #e4     ,fib]s or ,vessels1 ,_!
 ,position ,9 ! ,body ( ! ,leaf1        
#aeb4 4 #ai4     ,9 ! ,/alk1 #aed4 4 #i4
     ,! ,lign\s ,vessels1 #aee4 4 #af4  
,! ,a]-,vessels1 #aee4 4 #ai4           
,texture ( a ,palm ,leaf or ,bag1 #aef4 
4 #bj4     ,duration ( ! ,leaf1 #aef4 4 
#b4     ,"t & mann] ( its ,g5]ation1    
#aef4 4 #d4  #agd4     ,col\r ( ! ,leaf1
 #bgj4     ,h[ by ?is to f9d out to :at 
sort a ,plant belonge?1 #agd4 4 #a4     
,lign\s ,body1 see ,trunk & o!r ,p>ts   
,lilium convalle1 its nature1 ,id4 4    
#cj4    ,limor1 describ$1 #ahj4         
,li?osp]m ! ,se$1 its nature1 #bda4 4   
#ba4    ,lixivial ,salts1 see ,salts4   
,lobes ( ! ,se$1 see ,se$4    ,lympha   
out ( :i* ! ,se$ is fir/ n\ri%$1 see    
,se$4    ,lymph$ucts _! ,/ructure1 #aaa4
 4 #cj4     ,m4    ,magi/]y ( ,corals1  
#bdd4 4 #ae4     ,( ,pe>ls1 #beb4 4 #dc4
    ,mall[1 its nature1 #beg4 ,qu]y #e4 

,m>9e ,salt ( ,plants1 see ,salts4      
,ma/ick1 its nature1 #beh4 ,qu]y4 #b4   
,measures ( ,leavs1 #aej4 4 #a4         
,me*anick uses ( ,timb]1 #acg4          
,membranes ( ! ,se$1 see ,se$4          
,m5/ruum ( ! ,/oma*1 #bec4  #ec4        
,metals2 ,lead1 #bdd4  #af4     ,m]cury1
 #bdd4 4 #af4     ,/eel1 #bdd4  #bj4    
,antimony1 #bde4  #bc4     ,t91 #bde4   
#bf4     ,copp]1 #bde4  #bh4     ,silv]1
 #bde4  #bi4     ,gold1 #bde4 4 #ca4    
,milks ( ,plants1 ,id4  #ba4  #bf4      
,h[ made1 ,an4 #fg4  #ai4  #ic4 4 #fj4  
#acc4  #ab4    ,milk-,vessels1 _!       
,/ructure1 #aab4  #ce4    ,millip$es1   
#bdi4  #ae4    ,m9]als ( all sorts1 h[  
easily try$1 #bdg4  #dh4    ,mixture2 ! 
receiv$ ,doctr9e h]e(1 #bbb4     ,its   
nature expla9$1 #bbe4     ,causes1 #bbi4
     ,p[] & ,use1 #bca4     ,mixture ( !
 ,p>ts ( ,plants ) sev]al ,m5/ruums1    
#bci1 c4       ,( ,m9]als1 #bdg1 c4     
,( ,animals1 #bdg1 c4    ,motions1 ,(   
,plants1 ,id4  #af4     ,( ,roots1 & o!r
 ,p>ts1 see ,roots1 & o!r ,p>ts4     ,( 

! ,sap1 see ,sap4     ,( ! ,a]1 see ,a]4
    ,muciducts1 ,an4 #ff4  #ah4         
,mucilages1 ,id4  #ba4  ,an4 #bja4  #d4 
,musk1 its nature1 #bej4 4 #bi4     ,n4 
,nature ( ,bodies1 h[ discov]able1 #bce4
    ,navel-,fib]s1 see ,se$4            
,night%ade deadly1 ( :at ,ta/1 #bhd4    
#i4    ,nitre1 ( :at ,ta/1 #bhj4  #f4   
,noli me tang]e1 h[ ! ,se$ ejaculat$1   
#ahh4  #ah4    ,numb] ( ,leavs 9 ,fl[]s1
 #afe4  #aa4     ,numb] ( ,se$s1 #aih4  
,nut ,b>bado1 ,id4  #cj4  #bje4  #ag4   
,hazel ,nut1 #dc4  #h4  #ahf4     ,o4   
,oak-,wood1 describ$1 ,an4 #bj4  #ba4   
,odors ( ,plants1 h[ to be obs]v$1 ,id4 
#bh4     ,"s ,in/ances h[ made1 ,an4    
#id4  #fd4     ,imitat$1 #bce4          
,olibanum1 its nature1 #beh4 ,qu]y1 #b4 
,oyls /illatiti\s1 h[ m+l$ ) ,wat] c41  
#bcb4  #g4  #bcg4    ,oyly ,sap1 h[     
made1 #acb4  #f4     ,p4    ,p>5*yma or 
,cortical1 ,pi?y1 & ,pulpy p>ts ( a     
,plant1 _!        pr$om9ant ,pr9ciple1  
,id4  #dh4     ,describ$ 9 ! ,root & o!r
 p>ts1 see ,root1 c4     ,h[ =m$1 see   

,roots & ,leavs4    ,pea*1 see ,fruits4 
,pe>1 see ,fruits4    ,pe>ls1 _!        
,magi/]y1 #beb4  #dc4    ,philosophy1   
beg9s & ends ) ,!ology1 #gi4  #a4       
,pimp9el1 :]e ta/$1 #bhd4 4 #aj4        
,pi?1 its /ructure1 #gf4 4 #g4  #abj4 4 
#aj1 c4    ,plants1 _! ,natural ,hi/ory 
h[ f> cultivat$1 ,id4 4 #c4     ,:]e9   
defective1  #b4     ,fit to be fur!r    
improv$1  #c4  #fc4     ,:at to be      
enquir$ (1  #f4     ,! usefulness h]e(1 
4 #h4    ,plants1 _! ,nature & ,virtue  
h[ judg$ (1 see ,virtues4    ,plants1 _!
 places ( ,gr[?1 ,id4 #ae4              
,proportions1  #ac4    ,plants1 _! ,p>ts
 only ,two ,ess5tially di/9ct1 #dg4     
#ad4    ,plants2 ! g5]al /ructure ( _!  
,p>ts1 #abj4  #aa1 c4    ,plants1 _!    
,pr9ciples h[ to be obs]v$1 ,id4 4 #dh4 
,= :at purpose1  #ec4     ,:at pr$om9ant
 !re91 #bdj4  #h4    ,plants1 h[ to f9d 
out to :at k9d any "o belongs1 #agd4    
,plum1 see ,fruits4    ,pr9ciples (     
,bodys1 #bbc4     :i* pr$om9ant 9 ! true
 wood ( a ,plant1 ,id4  #eb4            

,pr9ciples ( ,pr9ciples1 ,id4  #fb4     
,protections ( ! ,leaf & ,fl[]4 see     
,leaf & ,fl[]4    ,pyre?rum ! ,root1 (  
:at ,ta/1 #bha4 --  #bhd4  #g4     ,r4  
,radicle1 see ,se$4    ,rais9s1 _!      
,sug>1 ,id4  #da4    ,r+s annual 9 !    
,trunk1 ,an4 #ai4  #f4    ,roots2 _!    
,orig9al1 #eg4  #a4     ,%apes or       
,figures1  ,sizes1 #eh4  #d1  #hi4  #da4
     ,motions1 ,an4 #ae4  #bd4 c4 #cd4  
#c4 #ei4  #i4 c4 #ij4  #dh c4     ,ages1
 #fj4  #af4  #ia4  #ed4      ,p>ts1 !   
,b>que1 its ,sk91 ,an4 #aa1  #b4  ,an4  
#fa4      ,p>5*yma describ$1 ,an4 #aa4  
#c4  #fc4  #b4       ,h[ =m'd1 #hg4     
#cd4       ,its ,diametral rays1 #fd4   
#g4       ,vessels1 #fe1 #ff1 #fg4      
,! ,wood1 ,h]e9 ! ,ins]tions1 ,an4 #ab4 
#aj  #ag4  #bh4           #gj4  #b4     
,lign\s ,fib]s or ,vessels1 #gj4  #d1   
#h1 #i4       ,a]-,vessels1 ,an4 #ab4 4 
#g4  #ga4  #e1 #f1 #aj1 c4      ,! ,pi?1
 ,an4 #ac4  #af4  ,an4 #af4  #bg4  ,an4 
#ge1 #gf4  #g4    ,root1 h[ x gr[s1 ,an4
 #ad4  #bc4      ,! ,sap1 h[ imbib$ &   

di/ribut$ to its sev]al ,p>ts1          
#hb4  #ae c4       ,h[ circulat$1 ,an4  
#ag4  #bi4       ,h[ all ! p>ts are     
=m'd1 #hd4  #bf4 c4       ,& diff]5tly  
dispos$1 #hh4  #cf1 c4       ,! ,col\rs 
( ,roots1 #agj4  #e4       ,h[ made1    
#id4  #fe4    ,root ( ,wormwood1 :]e    
ta/$1 #bhe4  #ab4    ,ros91 h[ made by  
,art1 #bcc4  #d4    ,ros9 9 dry$ ,roots 
( ,angelica1 ,id4  #da4    ,common      
,ros91 its nature1 #beh4 ,qu]y #b4      
,s4    ,salt a]eal1 ,id4  #fj4    ,salt 
,alkal9e1 9 _m ,plants 9 _! natural     
e/ate1 #bdj4  #i4    ,salt ,armoniac1   
#bdf4  #dd4    ,salt1 ess5tial (        
,plants1 ,h[ made1 #bfb4  #c c4  #bfe4  
#c4 c4     ,( sev]al sorts1 ,id4  #dh4  
,in/anc$ also 9 ^? ( ,rosem>y1 ,black   
,?orn1 ,scurvey-,grass1                 
,wormwood1 ,a%1 #bfd4  #f4 c4           
,ta/able 9 good ,rhub>b1 ,id4  #da4     
,salt fix$1 ( :at use 9 ,purgation1     
#bfj4    ,salt ,lixivial ( ,plants1 h[  
imitat$1 #bcc4  #f4     ,( diff]5t      
nature1 #bfd4  #b4    ,salt ( ,a%1 ( :at

 nature1 #bfg4  #bb4     ,( ,t>t>1 ,ib4 
,yield$ 9 diff]5t quantitys by ! ,b>que 
( ,a%1 ,rosem>y1          ,black-,?orn1 
,agrimony1 #bef4 ,qu]y #a4     ,g>d5 &  
,sea ,scurvy-grass1 #bef4 ,qu]y #b4     
,m9t di/ill'd1 & n1 #bef4 ,qu]y #c4     
,majorane1 ,oak-,b>que1 ,liquori%1      
,anise$s1 ,sorrel1 ,g>d5                
,scurveygrass1 ,m9t1 ,sea ,scurveygrass1
 #bef4 ,qu]y #d4     ,majorane1         
,agrimony1 ,mugwort1 ,m9t1 ,mall[1      
,rhub>b1 ,s5a1 ,jalap1                  
,colocyn?is1 #beg4 ,qu]y #e4     ,flax1 
#beh4 ,qu4 #a4     ,gum ,arabick1       
,euphorbium1 ,myrrh1 ,opium1 ,aloe1     
,scammony1 ,gutta          gamba1 #beh4 
,qu]y #b4    ,salt ,m>9e1 its nature1   
#bdf4  #dc4    ,salt ,m>9e ( ,plants1 h[
 made by ,nature or ,art1 #bcd4  #h1    
#bfc4  #ab1 c4 #bff4  #af4     ,( sev]al
 sorts1 in/anc$ 9 ^? ( ,rosem>y1        
,scurveygrass1           ,black ,?orn1  
,wormwood1 #bff4  #ag1 c4    ,salt ( !  
dead ,sea1 #bfc4  #ad4    ,saps (       
,plants1 h[ to be obs]v$1 ,id4  #ba4 to 

#bf4 & #ca4        to #dg4     ,_!      
sev]al k9ds1  #ba4     ,receptacles1    
#bb4     ,motions1  #bc4     ,quantitys1
  #bd4     ,consi/5ce1  #be4    ,sap1 h[
 imbib$1 & di/ribut$ to ! sev]al p>ts ( 
! ,root4          ,an4 #hb4  #ae4 c4    
,its ,circulation !re91 ,an4 #ag4  #bi4 
:]e1 & h[ x asc5ds 9 ! ,trunk1 ,an4 #bd4
  #bi4  ,an4 #abd4    ,sap & o!r cont5ts
 ( ! sev]al ,p>ts h[ made1 ,an4 #ib4    
#eg          c4  #aca4     ,h[ a ,milky 
,sap1 ,an4 #fg4  #ai4  #ic4  #fj4  #acc4
  #ab c4     ,h[ a ,w9y1 #ic4  #fb4     
#acb4  #c c4     ,h[ "o v ,oyly1 #acb4  
#f c4    ,scurveygrass ,g>d51 ( :at     
,ta/1 #bhc4  #f4    ,scurvey-grass ,sea1
 its ,nature1 #bef4 ,qu]y #d4           
,seasons ( ,plants1 ,id4  #ad4          
,secund9e1 see ,se$4    ,se$s2 _! ,case 
or ,ut]us1 ,an4 #de1  #b4     ( sev]al  
mann]s1 #ahf4     ,figures1 ,an4 #de4   
#c4 c4 #aie4     ,numb]1 #aih4          
,motions1 #ahh4  #ah  #aii  #c1 c4      
,/ones1 #bja4  #b4  #bji4               
,mucilages1 #bja4  #d4     ,coats or    

,membranes1 ,an4 #b4  #c4 #de4  #c4 c4  
#df4  #aj4 #dg4  #ae           #bja4    
#f4 #baj c4     ,ap]tures1 ,an #b4  #e4 
#bjj  #a4    ,vitellum1 #bj4 #b4  #i4   
,! ,ftus1 or true ,se$1 its ,radicle &  
,lobes1 ,an4 #b  #c4           #i to    
#ab4  #bjc4     ,plume or ,bud1 ,an4 #c4
  #ac4  #bjf4     ,sk91 ,an4 #d4  #af4  
#bjg4  #i4     ,p>5*yma1 ,an4 #d4  #ah4 
#bjg4  #aj4     ,sem9al ,root or        
,vessels1 ,an #e4  #ba4 c4  #bjg4  #aa1 
c4     ,navle ,fib]1 ,an4 #dh4  #ag4    
#bab4     ,cont5t1 #bjh4  #ae4     ,!   
mann] ( its ,vegetation1 ,an4 #f4  #cj1 
c4     ,( its ,g5]ation1 ,an4 #dh4  #ah 
c4  #bji c4    ,%ape ( ,roots1 & o!r    
,p>ts1 see ,roots & o!r p>ts4    ,%ells1
 _! ,nature1 #bdh4  #i1 #aj1 #aa4       
,sk91 see ,se$ & o!r ,p>ts4    ,silv]1  
its ,nature1 #bde4  #bi4    ,smell (    
gre5 ,c>duus1 ,id4  #bh4     ,( ! ,pe/il
 ( ,arum4 ,ib4    ,soyl1 see ,e>?4      
,sp]me ( ,plants1 see ,fl[]4    ,_s (   
,salt1 #bdg4  #df4    ,_s ( ,salt       
,armoniac1 #bdg4  #dg4    ,_s (         

,peas-,cods1 ,id4  #cj4    ,spirits     
ur9\s1 h[ made less (f5sive1 ,id4  #de4 
,_s ( ,w9e mix$ ) ,aqua =tis1 :at       
!reupon rem>kable1        #bdb4  #bf4   
,/alks1 see ,trunks & ,bran*es4         
,/eel1 its nature1 #bdd4  #bj4     ,mix$
 ) d\ble ,aqua =tis1 :at !reupon        
rem>kable1           #bdd4 4 #bb4       
,/illatiti\s ,oyls1 h[ mix$ ) wat]1     
#bcb4  #g4  #bcg4    ,/oma*ick m5/ruum1 
#bec4  #ec4    ,/ones2 a /range "o br$ 9
 ! /oma*1 #beb4  #dh4     ,o!rs probably
 br$ !re1 #bec4  #ea4     ,( ! ,kidneys 
or ,bladd]1 ( :at nature1 #bea4  #cb4   
,h[ prev5t$1 #bea4  #da4  #beb4  #db4   
,gall ,/one1 its nature1 #beb4  #dg4    
,bezo>1 its nature1 #beb4  #di4         
,lead-,sp>1 #bdd4  #ab4     ,lapis      
,calam9>is1 #bdc4  #i4     ,tu?i1 ibid4 
,lazuli1 #bdd4  #ab4    ,/ructure ( a   
,plant4 #abj4  #aa1 c4    ,sug> (       
,rais9s & ,figs4 ,id4  #da4    ,sulphur 
pr$om9ant 9 ! true wood ( a ,plant1 ,id4
  #eb4    ,sun1 its ,influ5ce on ,plants
 h[ to be exam9$1 ,id4  #fa4     ,t4    

,ta/s ( ,plants2 h[ to be obs]v$1 ,id4  
#bi4     ,simple1 #bhj4  #f4            
,comp\nd$1 #bha4     ,_! ,degree1 #bhb4 
,motions or ,t]ms1 #bhc4     ,seat1     
#bhd4     ,causes1 ,an4 #ie4  #fh c4    
#bhf c4    ,ta/ ( ,arum ,root1 #bha4    
#ba4     ,asp>agus ,root1 #bhd4  #aj4   
,bonus ,h5ricus1 #bhd4  #aj4            
,calamus ,aromaticus1 #bhc4  #f4        
,cel&9e little1 #bhd4  #aj4             
,clematis p]egr9a ! ,se$-,case1 #bhc4   
#c4     ,colocyn?is1 #bhd4  #h4         
,contray]va1 #bhc4  #f4     ,cucum]     
wild1 ! ,leavs1 #bhd4  #d1 #h4          
,daisy ,leavs1 #bhd4  #aj4     ,enula1  
#bhc4  #c1 #d4     ,euphormium1 #bhc4   
#f4     ,g5tian ,root1 #bhd4  #e1 #h4   
,hellebore black1 ! ,root1 #bhj4  #ab4  
#bhc4  #c4 #bhd4  #d4     ,jalap1 #bhc4 
#f4 #bhd4  #aj4     ,night%ade deadly1  
#bhd4  #i4     ,nitre #bhj4  #f4        
,pimp9el1 #bhd4  #aj4     ,pyre?rum !   
,root1 #bha4  #ae4  #bhd4  #g4          
,tam>isk-,leavs1 ,id4  #bi4             
,wormwood-,root1 #bhe4  #ab4     ,y>r[1 

#bhc4  #f4    ,texture ( a ,plant1 #abj4
  #aa1 c4    ,?orns1 _! k9ds4 ,an4 #cc4 
#a4    ,timb]1 see ,trunk4    ,t91 its  
nature1 #bde4  #bf4     ,t9 mix$ ) /rong
 ,aqua =tis1 :at !reupon obs]vable1     
#bde4  #bg4    ,t9cture ( ,bawme 9      
,wat]1 #bgd4  #aa4     ,9 ,_s ( ,w9e1   
#bge4 4 #ad4     ,t9cture ( ,corals1 a  
*eat1 ,id4  #bh4    ,trunks1 & ,bran*es 
sev]al describ$ z !y appe> to ! nak$    
,eye1 sc4 ( ,indian ,:eat1 ,d&elyon1    
,borage1 ,colewort1        ,holyoak1    
wild ,cucum]1 ,scorzon]a1 ,burdock1     
,endive1 ,v9e1        ,suma* #ajc1 c4   
,trunk1 ,sk91 ,an4 #ai4  #b4  #ajg4  #b 
to #e4     ,! ,b>que1 ,an4 #ai4  #c4    
,its ,p>5*yma1 #ajh4 4 #g4     ,vessels1
 #ajh4  #h4 to p4 #aac4     ,!          
,lymph$ucts _! ,/ructure1 #aaa4 4 #cj1  
c4     ,milk-,vessels1 _! ,/ructure1    
#aab4  #ce1 c4     ,diff]5t ,surface ( !
 ,b>que h[ made1 #abi4  #d4     ,h[     
unit$ to ! ,wood1 #abi4 4 #b1 #c4       
,h[ ?is always keeps moy/1 n ! ,pi?1    
,an4 #bj4  #g4  #ic4             #eh4   

#abd4 4 #b4     ,! ,wood1 ,an4 #ai4  #d4
 to #aa4  ,an4 #bj  #ba4     ,its       
,annual ,r+s1 ,an4 #ai4  #f4            
,ins]tions1 ,an4 #ai4 4 #e4 #ab4 to #ae4
 #ag4  #abh4  #h4 c4     ,true wood1    
#aad4  #aj1 c4     ,h[ dilat$1 ,an4 #bb4
  #bb1 #bc4     ,& :y1  #bd1 c4         
,a]-,vessels1 ,an4 #bj4  #h1 #i4  #aae4 
#af1 c4     ,h[ less 9 ! ,trunk1 ?an 9 !
 ,root1 & :5ce =m$ late 9          ! ye>
 c4 #acj4  #aj4  #aca4  #af4     ,!     
,pi?1 ,an4 #ai4  #e1 #ah1 #ai1 #bj4     
#aai4 to #abb  #abi4  #e4 c4            
,trunks1 _! diff]5t ,/ructure :5ce1     
#abi4     ,%apes1 :5ce1 #ace4           
,motions1 :5ce1 ,an4 #bb4  #ba4  #acf4  
,trunks1 h[ fitt$ = ,me*anick use1 #acg4
     ,trunks1 ( _! ,ble$+1 ,id4  #bc4   
#abd4  #c1 c4     ,trunk-,roots1 ,an4   
#bg1 #bh4    ,turnep1 describ$1 ,an4    
#ac4     ,v4    ,valves1 no :]e 9       
,plants1 ,an4 p4 #ba4 4 #af4            
,vegetables1 see ,plants4    ,vegetation
 ( ! ,se$1 see ,se$4     ,! mann] (     
,vegetation1 h[ judg$ (1 ,id4 4 #ec4    

,vessels ( ! ,root & o!r ,p>ts1 see     
,root & o!r ,p>ts4    ,virtues (        
,plants1 h[ to be obs]v$ & judg$ (1 ,id4
 4 #ab1 #cj1           #dg4  p4 #bcf4   
#bij4     ,imitable1 #bce4     ,! reason
 ( !m1 h[ kn[able1 ,id4 4 #ee4          
,vitriols1 _! nature1 #bdf4 4 #ch4      
,ut]us ( ,plants1 fle%y or membrane\s1  
#ahf4     ,w4    ,wallnut1 #ahe4        
,wat]1 h[ to be exam9$ z relat+ to      
,vegetation4     ,wat]1 h[ m+l$ )       
/illatiti\s or o!r ,oyls1 #bcg4    ,wood
 ( ! ,root & o!r ,p>ts1 see ! ,p>ts4    
,wood ( ,bee*1 ,an4 #bj4  #ba4     ,(   
,oak1 ,ibid4     ,its pr$om9ant         
,pr9ciple1 ,id4 4 #eb4     ,y4    ,y>r[ 
,leavs1 _! ,ta/1 #bhc4 4 #f4            
,,!                                     
,,explication                           
,,( ,,!                                 
,,tables1     ,r$uc$ to a n>r[ compass2 
z s]v+ to cle> ^? ,p>ticul>s1           
*iefly1 :i* ! ,descriptions be=e giv51 h
 n rea*$4                           ,!  
,,tables to ! ,fir/                     

,,book1 are ,f\r4  ,,tab4 ,i4    ,figure
 #a4 a1 ,! ,=am54   ,f4 #b4 a1 !        
,radicle lodg$ 9 ! ,body ( ! ,in] ,coat4
   ,f4 #c4 a1 ! ,radicle1         b1 !  
,plume or ,bud4   ,f4 #d4 a1 ! ,se$     
cov]$2         c1 ! ,se$ op52         e1
 ! same magnifi$4   ,f4 #e4 a1 ! ,corn  
cov]$2         c1 nak$ & a little       
magnifi$4   ,f4 #f4 a1 b1 ! two ,lobes2 
e1 ! ,radicle2         c1 ! ,radicle &  
,bud2         d1 ! ,holl[ 9 :i* ! ,bud  
lies4   ,f4 #g4 a1 ! ,se$ cov]$2        
c1 nak$2         e1 op54   ,f4 #h4 a1 "o
 ,lobe2         b1 ! ,bud2         b1   
magnifi$4   ,f4 #i4 ! ,slice a little   
magnifi$4   ,f4 #aj4 ,! ,radicle a1 cut 
transv]sly c4   ,f4 #aa4 ,! ,plume or   
,bud a1     cut transv]sly c4   ,f4 #ab4
 ,cut by ! ,l5g?4   ,f4 #ac4 ,a ,lobe   
cut transv]sly4   ,f4 #ad4 ,bo? ! ,lobes
 p>$ by ! ,l5g?1 to %ew ! ,sem9al ,root4
   ,f4 #ae4 a1 ! convex side ( "o ,lobe1
 %ew+ ! ,sem9al ,root          )\t cut+2
     c1 ! flat side4  ,,tab4 ,,ii4      
,f4 #a1 #b1  #c4 %ew ! gradual conv]sion

 ( ! ,lobes ( ! ,se$1          into     
,leavs4   ,f4 #d4 a1 ! ,radicle cut by !
 l5g?2     b1 transv]sly4   ,f4 #e4 ,!  
:ite ,w$ges1 are ! ,ins]tions2 ! black1 
are ! ,wood2          ! pricks are !    
,a]-,vessels2 & ! black half ovals1 !   
,lymph$ucts 9 ! ,b>que4   ,f4 #f4 ,!    
?ree black ,r+s1 are ! t]ms ( ?ree ye>s 
gr[?4   ,f4 #g4 a1 ! upp] "p2     b1 !  
l[]4   ,f4 #h4 ,a ,turnep cut           
transv]sly1 & "p ( ! ,r9d cut (f4   ,f4 
#i4 %ewe? ! gradual gr[? ( ! ,pi?4      
,,tab4 ,,iii4    ,f4 #a4 ,! ,bud cut    
transv]sly1 & "p ( ! ,radicle by !      
,l5g?1         9 a ,bean newly sprung   
up4   ,f4 #b4 %ewe? ! ,wood z x appe>s  
to ! nak$ ,eye4   ,f4 #c4 ! ,cane split 
d[n4   ,f4 #d4 ! ,corn newly spr\t$4    
,f4 #e4 ,a ,bran* ( five ye>s gr[?4 ,f !
 ,circumf]5ce1 to !          utmo/ black
 ,r+1 goes ! ,b>que4   ,f4 #f4 a1 a     
piece ( ! ,/alk2     b1 magnifi$4   ,f4 
#g4 a1 a piece ( ,oak-,wood cut         
transv]sly2     b1 ! same magnifi$4 ,!  
:ite ,l9es are ! less] & great]         

,ins]tions4 ,! ,pricks1 are ! ,wood4 ,! 
little & great         ,holes two sorts 
( ,a]-,vessels4   ,f4 #h4 ,"p ( a ,bran*
 t5 ye>s old1 ) ! ,b>que /ripp$ (f1     
& cut bo? transv]sly & d[n ! l5g?1 to   
%ew h[ !         ,b>que is ins]t$ into !
 ,wood4  ,,tab4 ,,iv4    ,f4 #a4 %ew+ h[
 ! ,ins]tions appe>1 9 a piece (        
,bee*-,tree         split d[n1 to be    
brac$ or wov5 9 toge!r ) ! ,wood4   ,f4 
#b to #aa4 %ew ! diff]5t position &     
,figure ( ! ,lign\s         ,fib]s4     
,f4 #ab4 a1 "o ( ! ,!c ,sem9i=mes 9 a   
,lily1 ) !         sp]matick ,p[d] !re91
 z app>5t to ! nak$ ,eye4   ,f4 #ac4 a1 
"o ( ! suits 9 ! ,florid ,attire1 z x   
appe>s to         ! nak$ ,eye2     b1 ! 
,floret2     c1 ! ,%ea?2     d1 !       
,blade4   ,f4 #ad4 ,:]e9 ! :ite         
,p5tangul> ,acet>y is b\nd$ by !        
,calcul>y4   ,f4 #ae4 ,! ,bran*es :i*   
run ?r\gh ! ,/one to ! ,fl[] &          
,se$4   ,f4 #af4 ,! ,inn]mo/ ,cov] ( !  
,se$1 z %ap$ :5 x is ripe4   ,f4 #ag4 ,!
 ,coats cut op54   ,f4 #ah4 ,! ,sem9al  

,root4               ,! ,,tables to !   
,second ,,book are ,?irte54  ,,tab4 ,v4 
%ewe? ! g5]ation ( ,roots out ( !       
,desc5d+ ,trunk4          ,s ,f4 #f4 is 
a treble ,root ( ?ree ye>s desc5t2 !    
l[]mo/1 half-rot$ (f4  ,,tab4 ,,vi4     
,f4 #a4 %ewe? ! ,surface ( ! ,b>que4    
,f4 #b4 ! midle "p4   ,f4 #c4 ! ,b>que  
/rip$4   ,f4 #d4 ! ,root cut d[n ! l5g?4
   ,f4 #e4 ! ,b>que /rip$ (f4   ,f4 #f4 
! ,network bo? ( ! ,lymph$ucts1 & ( !   
,a]-,vessels4   ,f4 #g4 ! ,g5]ation ( a 
,bud4   ,f4 #h1 #i1 #aj1 #aa4 ,! ,root  
split d[n1 to %ew ! ,position ( !       
,vessels1 & ! ,figure ( ! ,pi? at ! top 
( ! ,root4  ,,tab4 ,,vii4       ,!      
,roots all cuttransv]sly1 & _! ,v>ieties
 describ$1         9 ! second ,book1 z  
!y appe> to ! nak$ ,eye4  ,,tab4 ,,viii4
      ,o!r ,roots cut transv]sly1 & !   
v>ieties ( _! ,p>ts also                
describ$ 9 ! second ,book4  ,,tab4 ,,ix4
 ,m ,roots cut transv]sly4  ,,tab4 ,x4  
,f4 #a4 ,a ,slice ( ! ,root cut         
transv]sly2 b a little too big =        

! life4   ,f4 #b4 ,a ,a1 ,"o half ( a l 
slice4     b b1 ,! ,sk94     ,a ,a ,d   
,d1 ,! ,b>que or all t "p ( ! ,root     
analog\s to x4     ,g ,d1 ,! ,lymph$ucts
 on ! inn] edge ( ! ,b>que4     ,g ,g1  
,! ,wood4     ,g ,t1 ,! ,a]-,vessels    
!re94     ,t ,t1 ,! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xi4 
,f4 #a4 ,! ,neck ( ! ,root cut          
transv]sly4   ,f4 #b4 ,"o half ( ! same 
split d[n4   ,f4 #c4 ,magnifi$4     ,a  
,b1 ,! ,sk94     ,a ,e1 ,! ,b>que4      
,e ,e1 ,! ,lymph$ucts4     ,! black     
,columns "u !m1 are ! ,wood4     ,!     
,holes 9 ! ,columns are ! ,a]-,vessels4 
,! :ite ,columns ,e ,l1 are ,ins]tions  
betwixt ! ,b>que &          ! ,pi?4     
,l e1 ,! ,pi?4     e e1 ,! angul>       
,bladd]s ( ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xii4       
,a1 "o half ( ,f4 #a4 magnifi$4     ,a  
b1 ,! ,sk94     ,a ,g1 ,! ,b>que1 or all
 t "p ( ! ,root :i* answ]s to x4        
,9 :i* ! r\nd black spots1 are !        
,muciducts4     ,d ,g1 ,! common        
,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,t1 ,! ,pi?y ,"p ( !
 ,root4     ,t ,t1 ,m ,lymph$ucts4      

,9 bo? :i*1 ! black ,holes are !        
,a]-,vessels4  ,,tab4 ,,xiii4      ,a1  
,"o half ( ,f4 #a4 magnifi$4     ,a ,c1 
,! ,sk94     ,a ,g1 ,! ,b>que1 or t "p (
 ! ,root :i* answ]s to x4     ,d ,d1 ,! 
,milk-,vessels plac$ 9 ,r+s4     ,e ,e1 
,! ,p>5*ym\s ,r+s betwixt !m4     ,g ,t1
 ,! ,bladd]s /ream+ 9 ,rays1 by !       
mixture ( !          ,lymph$ucts ) !    
,lacteals4     ,g ,g1 ,to ! ,c5tre1 !   
,wood4        ,9 :i* ! ,holes are !     
,a]-,vessels4  ,,tab4 ,,xiiii4      ,a  
b1 ,! sk91 :i* %\ld h be5 ?ick]4     ,a 
,f1 ,! ,b>que4     ,g b1 ,! ,bladd]s 9 !
 out] "p ( ! ,b>que1 oblong &           
po/ur$ circul>ly4     ,s ,s1 ,! ,bladd]s
 9 ! inn] "p1 /&+ 9 ,ar*es4     ,f ,f1  
,a ,r+ ( ,sap-,vessels4     d d1        
,p>5*ym\s ,ins]tions4     d ld1 ,!      
,wood4        ,9 :i*1 ! ,holes edg$ )   
:ite ,r+s are ! ,a]-,vessels4  ,,tab4   
,,xv4      ,a ,a1 ,! ,sk94     ,a ,b1 ,!
 ,b>que4     ,b ,l1 ,! ,sap-,vessels 9 !
 =m ( a ,glory4     ,b ,e1 ,! ,wood4    
,9 :i*1 ! ,holes are ! ,a]-,vessels4    

,g ,e1 ,a ,r+ ( m ,sap-,vessels4     ,e 
,e1 ,! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xvi4      ,a b1  
,! ,sk94     ,a ,c1 ,! ,b>que4        ,9
 :i* ! r\nd ,holes ,b1 are              
,balsame-,vessels4     ,b ,c1 ,p>cels ( 
,lymph$ucts4        ,9 :i* !re are m    
,balsame-,vessels4     ,c ,d1 ,p>5*ym\s 
,ins]tions4     ,d ,e1 ,p>cels ( ,wood4 
,9 :i* ! ,holes are ! ,a]-,vessels4     
,,tab4 ,,xvii4      ,a1 ! ,sk94     ,a  
,b1 ,! ,b>que4     ,l ,s1 ,a p>cel (    
,sap-,vessels4     ,l ,i1 ,a ,p>cel (   
,wood4        ,9 :i* ! ,holes great &   
small are ,a]-,vessels4     ,b ,b1      
,p>5*ym\s ,ins]tions betwixt ! p>cels ( 
,wood4     ,d ,d1 ,o!rs )9 !m4          
,! ,,tables to ! ,?ird ,,book are #bc4  
,,tab4 ,,xviii4 ,h]e( see ! ,description
 9 ! ,?ird ,book1 ,*ap4 ,i4  ,,tab4     
,,xix4    ,f4 #a4 ,a ,bran* ( ,cor9     
,tree4     ,a1 %ewe? ! surface ( !      
,b>que4     ,b1 ,( ! wood4   ,f4 #b4    
,/alk ( ,son*us split d[n4   ,f4 #c4    
,bran* ( ,v9e split d[n4     ,9 bo?1 !  
sev]al ,/orys or ,*amb]s ( ! ,pi?4   ,f4

 #d4 ,bran* ( ,walnut4     ,a4 an old]4 
,b1 a y\ng]3 9 bo?1 ! ,pi? p>t$ into    
transv]s ,membrans4  ,,tab4 ,,xx4   ,f4 
#a4 ,%ewe? ! ,surface ( a ,walk+ ,cane4 
,& ! ,clu/]s ( ,a]-,vessels1 surr\nd$ ) 
,r+s (        ,succif]\s4   ,f4 #b4 ,!  
surface ( ! ,sk9 ( ,borage ,/alk4   ,f4 
#c4 ,! ,turp5t9e ,vessels runn+ ?r\gh ! 
l5g? ( !          ,b>que2 "o ( !m cut   
d[n ! middle1 ! o!r entire4   ,f4 #d4 ,!
 ,milk-,vessels %ew$ 9 ! same mann]4    
,,tab4 ,,xxi4 ,%ewe? ! ,woody &         
,a]-,vessels by ! l5g? ( !              
,bran*1 "p ( ! ,b>que1 & wood1 be+ tak5 
away4  ,,tab4 ,,xxii4      ,a ,b1 ,!    
,sk94     ,a ,c1 ! ,b>que4     ,q1 !    
,p>5*ym\s "p4     ,h ,i1 ,p>cels (      
,muciducts 9 a ,r+4     ,d ,c1 ,common  
,lymph$ucts4     ,c ,d ,e ,f1 ! ,wood ( 
#c ye>s gr[?4     ,k ,l ,m ,n1 ,! second
 ye>s gr[?4     ,o 1 ! great ,ins]tions4
     ,p 1 ! small]4     ,x ,x1 ,lign\s  
p>cels4     ,)9 :i* ! ,holes are !      
,a]-,vessels4     ,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4     
,,tab4 ,,xxiii4      ,a ,b1 ! ,sk94     

,a ,c1 ! ,b>que4     ,q1 ! simple       
,p>5*yma4     ,h ,i1 a ,r+ ( special    
,vessels4     ,p1 common ,sap-,vessels4 
,c ,d ,e ,f1 ! ,wood ( #c ye>s gr[?4    
,k ,l ,m ,n1 "o ye>s gr[?4     ,x1 great
 ,ins]tions4     ,p ,o1 less] betwe5 !m4
     ,! black p>cels are ! wood4     ,9 
:i* ! ,holes are ! ,a]-,vessels4     ,e 
,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xxiv4      ,a  
,b1 ! ,sk94     ,a ,b ,c ,d1 ! ,b>k4    
,n ,n1 ! ,p>5*yma4     ,h ,i1 a ,r+ (   
special ,sap-,vessels4     ,d ,m ,c1    
,p>cels ( ,lymph$ucts4     ,c ,d ,e ,f1 
! ,wood4     ,e ,f ,l ,k1 "o ye>s gr[?4 
,k ,p ,q ,l1 ! l>g] ,a]-vessels 9 !     
sev]al p>cels ( ,wood4      1 ! less]   
,a]-vessels4     ,m ,t1 ! ins]tions4    
,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xxv4      ,a
 ,b1 ! ,sk94     ,a ,b ,c ,d1 ! ,b>que4 
,h ,i1 ,special ,sap ,vessels 9 ar*$    
p>cels4     ,o ,o1 ! common ,sap-vessels
 :i* beg9 to turn into ,wood4     ,c ,d 
,e ,f1 ! ,wood4     ,k ,l ,m ,n1 "o ye>s
 gr[?4     ,! ,holes are ! ,a]-vessels 9
 ! wood4      1 ! true wood4     ,o z1  

,o y1 ! ,ins]tions4     ,e ,f1 o!r      
,sap-vessels4     ,e ,f ,g1 ,! ,pi?4    
,,tab4 ,,xxvi4      ,a ,b1 ! ,sk94      
,a ,b ,c ,d1 ! ,b>que4     ,q ,q1 !     
,p>5*yma4     ,h ,i1 ,special           
,sap-vessels 9 ar*$ p>cels4     ,d ,c1 a
 ,r+ ( common ,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,c ,f 
,e1 ! ,wood4     ,k ,l ,m ,n1 "o ye>s   
gr[?4     ,! ,holes are ! ,a]-,vessels4 
,o ,o1 ! great] ,ins]tions4     ,p ,o1 !
 small]4     ,e ,f1 o!r ,sap-vessels4   
,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xxvii4      
,a ,b1 ! ,sk94     ,a ,b ,c ,d1 !       
,b>que4     ,w ,v1 ! ,p>5*yma4     ,h   
,i1 r\nd p>cels ( ,sap-,vessels4     ,d 
,c1 ! common ,sap-,vessels4     ,d ,c ,e
 ,f1 ! ,wood ( #e ye>s gr[?4     ,q ,r  
,f ,e1 "o ye>s gr[?4     ,x ,x1 ! true  
wood4     ,! ,holes bo? great & small   
are ! ,a]-,vessels4     ,s ,s1 ,! great 
ins]tions4     ,t ,s1 ! small]4     ,e  
,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xxviii4      ,a
 ,b1 ! sk94     ,a ,b ,c ,d1 ! ,b>que4  
,h ,t ,i1 special ,sap-,vessels 9 r\nd  
,p>cels4     ,d ,s ,c1 common           

,sap-,vessels4     ,d ,c ,e ,f1 ! ,wood 
( five ye>s gr[?4      1 ! true wood4   
,k ,l c41 ! great ,a]-,vessels4     ,d  
,c1 ! small]4     ,s ,s1 ! ,ins]tions4  
,e ,f ,s1 ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xxix4       
,a ,b ,c ,d1 ! ,b>que4     ,a ,b1 a ,r+ 
( ,sap-,vessels 9 r\nd p>cels next !    
,sk94     ,h ,i1 ! ,p>5*yma4     ,ano!r 
,r+ ( r\nd p>cels4     ,d ,o ,c1 ,common
 ,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,c ,e ,f1 ! wood4  
,m ,n ,e ,f1 "o ye>s gr[?4     ,s ,s1 ! 
true wood4     ,k ,l1 ! great           
,a]-,vessels4     ,p ,q1 ! less]4     ,o
 ,o1 ! ,ins]tions4     ,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4
     e1 ! ,bladd]s ( ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4    
,,xxx4      ,a ,b1 ! ,sk94     ,a ,b ,c 
,d1 ! ,b>que4     ,r ,r1 ! ,p>5*yma4    
,h ,r ,i1 two ,r+s ( special            
,sap-,vessels4     ,d ,c1 ,common       
,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,c ,e ,f1 ! wood (  
f\r ye>s gr[?4     d d1 ! true wood4    
,q d1 "p ( x :it]1 by ! mixture (       
special ,sap-,vessels          repres5t$
 by ! transv]s ,l9es4     ,m ,n1 ! great
 ,a]-,vessels4     c e1 p>cels ( less]  

ones4     ,e ,f1 a ,r+ ( o!r            
,sap-,vessels4     ,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4    
,,tab4 ,,xxxi4      ,a ,b ,c ,d1 !      
,b>que4     m m1 ! ,p>5*yma4     ,h m   
,i1 ,milk ,vessels 9 ar*$ p>cels4     ,d
 ,k ,c1 ,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,c ,e ,f1 ! 
wood ( "o ye>s gr[?4     ,s ,t1 probably
 milk ,vessels h]et(ore4     ,! ,holes 9
 ! ,a]-,vessels4     ,k ,k1 !           
,ins]tions4     ,e v ,f1 o!r            
,milk-,vessels4     ,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4   
,,tab4 ,,xxxii4      ,a ,b ,c ,d1 !     
,b>que4     ,m ,n1 ! ,p>5*yma4     ,d ,l
 ,c1 ! ,lymph$ucts4     ,h ,i1 !        
,vessels :i* c>ry ! ,turp5t9e4     ,d ,c
 ,f ,e1 ! ,wood4     ,l ,l1 !           
,ins]tions4     ,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4     ,!
 great] ,holes bo? 9 ! ,wood & ,pi?1 are
 m ,turp5t9e         ,vessels4  ,,tab4  
,,xxxiii4      ,a ,b ,c ,d1 ! ,b>que4   
,x ,y1 ,! ,p>5*yma4     ,k ,x ,y ,l1    
,special ,vessels 9 r\nd p>cels4     ,h 
,i1 o!rs 9 a ,r+4     ,d ,c1 ,common    
,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,c ,e ,f1 ! wood4   
,s ,z ,t1 probably "o sort (            

,sap-,vessels h]et(ore 9 ! ,b>que4      
,q ,m ,q ,n1 small ,a]-,vessels4     ,m 
,n1 great ,a]-,vessels4     ,r ,q1 !    
small ,ins]tions4     ,q ,q1 ! great    
ones4     ,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4     
,,xxxiv4      ,a ,b a a1 ! hairy ,sk94  
,a ,b ,c ,d1 ! ,b>que4     ,h w ,i1 !   
,p>5*yma4     ,d ,m ,c1 ! common        
,lymph$ucts4     ,k ,l1 ! ,milk         
,vessels4     v1 "o ,vessel4     ,h ,i1 
,ano!r sort ( ,lymph$ucts1 ar*$ ov] !   
,milk ,vessels4     ,x ,x1 seems to be a
 ?ird sort ( ,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,c ,f  
,e1 ! ,wood4     ,m ,m1 ! ,ins]tions4   
,x ,x1 ! true ,wood4     ,! ,holes !re9 
are ! ,a]-,vessels4     ,e ,f1 a ,r+ (  
,lymph$ucts4     ,e ,f ,g1 ! ,pi?4      
,,tab4 ,,xxxv4      ,a ,b ,c ,d1 !      
,b>que4     ,a ,m ,b1 ! ,p>5*yma4     ,h
 ,m ,i1 ,balsam ,vessels4     ,k ,l1    
ano!r sort ( ,sap-,vessels 9 p>cels4    
,k ,l ,d ,c1 ,lymph$ucts4     ,d ,c ,e  
,f1 ,! ,wood4     ,9 :i* ! ,holes are ! 
,a]-,vessels4     ,m ,m1 ! ,ins]tions4  
,e ,f1 m ,balsame-,vessels4     ,e ,f   

,g1 ! ,pi?4  ,,tab4 ,,xxxvi4      a a1  
"p ( a ,v9e-,bran* cut transv]sly1 &    
also split half         way d[n ! midle4
     ,b ,b1 ,! same magnifi$4 ,%ew+ !   
,position ( ! ,bladd]s 9         !      
,b>que & ,pi? 9 p]p5dicul> ,r[s2 9 !    
,ins]tions1         9 ,horizontal ,r[s4 
,& ! ,vessels or ,p>cels ( ,wood n rac$ 
z 9 _m o!r         ,trees4  ,,tab4      
,,xxxvii4      ,%ewe? ! brac+ ( !       
,vessels4 ,& h[ ! sev]al ,p>cels        
( ,vessels or ,wood are int]wov5 ) !    
,ins]tions4  ,,tab4 ,,xxxviii4 ,a ,b ,c 
,d1 ! ,b>que4      ,h ,i1 ,! ,p>5*yma4  
e e1 ,a sort ( ,sap-,vessels4     a a1  
,ano!r sort4     c c1 ,milk ,vessels4   
,d ,c ,e ,f1 ! ,wood4     ,v ,v1 !      
,a]-,vessels4     t t1 ,m ,lymph$ucts4  
s s1 ,m ,milk-,vessels4     a t1 ,!     
,ins]tions4     ,e ,f ,g1 ,! ,pi?1      
compos$ ( angul> ,bladd]s1 ! ,bladd]s ( 
,?r$s1 & ! ,?r$s ( s+le ,fib]s4     1   
,"o ( ! s+le ,fib]s4  ,,tab4 ,,xxxix4   
,%ewe? ! ,/ructure ( ! ,lymph$ucts or ( 
!          ,lign\s ,fib]s bo? 9 !       

,b>que1 & ! ,wood4    ,f4 #a4 a1  ,f4   
#b1 ,a s+le ,vessel 9 ! ,b>que ( ,flax1 
compos$ (          a great numb] ( o!r  
,lign\s ,fib]s2 ) :i* also !            
,p>5*ym\s are int]mixd4 ,n visible1     
except v highly          magnifi$4   ,f4
 #c4 ,a p>cel ( ! same ,vessels 9 ,wood4
   ,f4 #d1  ,f4 #e4 %ew ! mann] ( !     
,asc5t ( ! ,sap1 bo? 9 !                
,lymph$ucts1 & 9 ! ,lactif]\s & o!r l>g]
 ,vessels4  ,,tab4 ,,xl4 ,! ,fib]s :i*  
hang d[n f ! ,b>que are !               
,lymph$ucts2 "o ( :i* is compos$ ( a    
great _m o!r          small] ,fib]s4    
,! l>ge ,tubes are ! ,milk-,vessels     
compos$ ( ,bladd]s4     ,! ,fib]s :i*   
hang d[n f ! wood1 are "s ( !m ! old    
,lymph$ucts turn'd to wood4     ,& "s1  
,a]-,vessels unroav'd4     ,! ?9 ,plate 
betwe5 ! two w$ges ( wood1 is "o ( !    
,ins]tions1 compos$ ( ,bladd]s1 & ^?    
,bladd]s ( ,?r$s4     ,! rema9d]1 is "p 
( ! ,pi?1 compos$ ( ,?r$y or ,fibr\s    
,bladd]s4                  ,! ,,tables  
to ! ,f\r? ,,book are #db4  ,,tab4      

,,xli4      b1 a ,dock-,leaf cov]$ ) !  
,veil4     d1 ! ,leaf nak$4     a c1 !  
,veil spr$ op54       ,9 ,cl>y1 ! ,bud  
is embrac$ by ! ,curl$ ,leavs4       ,9 
,suma*1 ! ,bud lies )9 ! ,/alk1 z an    
,egg or ,k]nel           )9 a %ell4     
,,tab4 ,,xlii4    ,f4 #a4 %ewe? h[ !    
,pipes are inclos$ "o )9 ano!r4   ,f4   
#b4 a1 ! ,leaf f\ld$ up4       b1 op5$4 
,f4 #c4 a b1 ! ,bud4       b1 a little  
magnifi$4   ,f4 #d4 a b1 ! ,leaf r[l$   
up1 inw>d4       c1 a little magnifi$ & 
cut transv]sly1 to %[ ! ,r[l4   ,f4 #e4 
a1 ! ,leaf r[l$ up4       b1 magnifi$ & 
cut transv]sly4   ,f4 #f4 a1 ! ,leaf    
r[l$ backw>d4       b1 magnifi$ & cut   
transv]sly4  ,,tab4 ,,xliii4    ,f4 #a4 
%ewe? ! ,t5t]-,hooks1 by :i* ! ,leaf    
climbs4   ,f4 #b4 %ewe? ! ,globulets1   
turn$ to a :ite p[d]4       ,! ,leaf (  
,j]usalem ,c[slip %ewe? ! ,way ( !      
,insect           "u ! ,sk94  ,,tab4    
,,xliv4  ,,xlv4 %ewe? ! ,measures (     
,leavs by ! ,circumf]5ce4  ,tab4 ,,xlvi 
,,xlvii4 %ewe? ! proportion betwe5 !    

*ief ,fib]s2       & also ! ,angles !y  
usually make toge!r4  ,,tab4 ,,xlviii4  
,f4 #a1 #b1  #c4 %ew ! ,ap]tures 9      
sev]al ,leavs4   ,f4 #d4 %ewe? ! same4  
,& likewise1 ! peculi> composure ( !    
,bladd]s & ,fib]s ( ! ,leaf4  ,,tab4    
,,xlix4     %[e? ! diff]5ce 9 !         
,bladd]s1 & 9 ! ,position ( !           
,lign\s ,fib]s 9 ! ,/alks ( ,leavs4     
,,tab4 ,l4      %ewe? ! ,pulp ( a       
,borage-,leaf & _m o!rs compos$ (       
,bladd]s2 ! sides ( :i* ,bladd]s1 are   
made ( o!r small]         ones4     ,& !
 di/ribution ( ! ,lign\s ,fib]s 7& ( !  
,a]-,vessels         %ea!d )9 !m7 n l t 
( ,ve9s 9 ,animals1 b (         ! ,n]vs1
 c4 ,see ! description ( ! ,leaf4  ,,tab
 ,,li4    ,f4 #a4 ,! appe>ance ( !      
,a]-,vessels l ,cobwebs to ! nak$       
,eye1 ^u break+ ! ,leaf4   ,f4 #b4 ,a   
small piece cut (f ( ! ,leaf4   ,f4 #c4 
,! same magnifi$ 9 :i* ! same ,vessels  
look l spiral         wy]s /ret*$ out4  
,f4 #d4 ,! same z !y /& entire )9 !     
,wood4  ,,tab4 ,,lii4 ,repres5te? !     

,a]-,vessels ( ,scabi\s1 z 9 ,tab4 ,,li4
  ,,tab4 ,,liii4    ,%ewe? ! mann] ( !  
,g5]ation ( ! ,leaf2 *iefly1 by !       
help ( sev]al ,salts1 :]e) ! ,sap is    
impregnat$4   ,f4 #e4 7#a7 ,! ,f\ndation
 ( ! "w4   ,f4 #f4 7#a  #b7 /r5g!n$4    
,f4 #g4 7#a  #c72 9 :i* 7#c7 is set ) ! 
squ>e end to end3 &         ) !         
po9t-side ( "o1 to t ( ano!r4   ,f4 #h4 
,! same1 direct+ ! ,position ( ! ,lign\s
 ,fib]s at v         ,acute ,angles4    
,f4 #i4 ,at less ,acute ,angles4   ,f4  
#aj4 ,! great] ,fib]s at ,acute1 & !    
small] at ,"r ,angles4   ,f4 #aa4 ,!    
great] at ,"r ,angles ) ! help ( 7#a7   
7#b7 or 7#c74   ,f4 #ab4 7#c7 direct+ ! 
,fib] 9 ! ,edge ( ! ,leaf into a great] 
,circle4   ,f4 #ac4 ,into a less1 & )   
div]s ,diamet]s4   ,f4 #ad4 7#d7 direct+
 ! ,p>5*ym\s ,fib]s 9 mak+ ! ,bladd]s4  
,f4 #ae4 ,9 w9d+ f "o ,bladd] to ano!r4 
,f4 #ag4 ,or ab\t ! ,lign\s ,fib]s4     
,f4 #af4 ,9 mak+ ! ,a]-,vessels4  ,,tab4
 ,,liv4    %ewe? h[ ,nature manages !   
,folds ( ,fl[]s accord+ to         _!   

,%ape4  ,,tab4 ,,lv4    ,f4 #a4 %ewe? ! 
,edges ( ! ,leaf fa/n$ by _! ,ind5t$    
,hairs4   ,f4 #b4 ,! ,balsamick ,knobs 9
 ! place ( ,hairs4   ,f4 #c4 ,! numb] #e
 runn+ #c times into its self 9 #ac4    
,f4 #d4 ,& five times 9 #ba4   ,f4 #e4  
c4 ,! ,sem9i=m ,attire 9 ,clematis      
,au/riaca4 ,) "o (         ! ,!c        
magnifi$2 ( :i*1 !re are ab\t #cj or #dj
 9 "o         ,fl[]4   ,f4 #h1 c4 ,!    
same 9 ,blatt>ia1 ) "o ( ! ,!c magnifi$2
         ( :i* are !re ab\t #e 9 "o     
,fl[]4  ,,tab4 ,,lvi4      ,! same 9    
yell[ ,h5bane4     ,) "o ( ! ,!c        
magnifi$2 ( :i* !re are ab\t #e 9 "o    
,fl[]4     ,& ! ,column on ! top ( !    
,se$-,case4  ,,tab4 ,,lvii4      ,! same
 9 ,/4 ,johns wort1 entire1 toge!r ) !  
,se$-,case or         ,ut]us4  ,,tab4   
,,lviii4      ,! ,v>ieties ( !          
,sp]matick ,p>ticles 9 ! ,sem9i=m       
,attire4  ,,tab4 ,,lix4      ,! ,florid 
,attire ( ,gold5 ,rod2     ,9 :i*1 !    
sev]al suits consi/ b ( two pieces4 ,& (
 :i*         ,attire1 ! ,fl[] do? almo/ 

:olly consi/4  ,,tab4 ,,lx4    ,f4 #a1  
c4 ,! same ,attire 9 ,fr5* ,m>igold or  
,flos ,africanus1 )         "o suit     
magnifi$4 ,( :i*1 !re are ab\t #ab1 9 "o
 ,fl[]2         & e suit consi/+ ( #c   
,pieces4   ,f4 #e4 ,"o ( ano!r ,fl[]1   
consi/+ also ( #c ,pieces4  ,,tab4      
,,lxi4    ,"o suit ( ! same ,attire 9   
,m>igold1 & ,knapwe$1 ea* ( !m          
consi/+ ( ?ree ,pieces4   ,f4 #e4 a1 ,! 
,attire ( "o ,piece1 prop] to ea* ,leaf 
9 a ,m>igold         ,fl[]1 besides t 9 
! bosome ( ! ,fl[]4   ,f4 #h4 a b1 !    
,se$-,case or ,ut]us at ! bottom ( e    
suit4  ,,tab4 ,,lxii4    ,! ,attire 7(  
#c ,pieces7 prop] to ea* ,leaf 9 ! ,fl[]
 (       ,ci*ory4  ,,tab4 ,,lxiii4      
%ewe? ! ,fl[] ( ,mez]eon p]fectly =m$ 9 
all its ,p>ts1       9 ! ye> be=e x     
appe>s4 ,b diff]s 9 ,%ape1 z a          
,ftus do? :5 newly =m$4  ,,tab4 ,,lxiv4 
%ewe? ! same 9 ! ,fl[] ( ,as>um4  ,,tab4
 ,,lxv4      %ewe? ! position ( ! #bj   
*ief ,bran*es 9 an ,apple4     ,_!      
,production f ! ,/alk to ! ,se$s &      

,fl[]4     ,& a "p ( ! ,p>5*yma         
magnifi$1 sc4 t :i* is         prick$   
out f ! ,co> to ! ,sk92 %ew+ ! oblong   
,figure ( ! ,bladd]s1 & ! ,divisions 9 e
 ,bladd]4  ,,tab4 ,,lxvi4    ,f4 #a1 c4 
%ewe? ! ,bladd]s 9 ! ,r9d ( a ,limon    
conte9+         ! ,oyl4     ,! ,bags &  
,bladd]s ( ! ,pulp1 conte9+ ! s[]       
,juyce4     ,& ! ,position ( ! ,vessels 
belonge? to ! ,fruit1 ,se$1 &           
,fl[]4   ,f4 #e4 %ews ! same ,vessels1 &
 treble ,p>5*yma 9 a ,cucum]4  ,,tab4   
,,lxvii4    ,repres5te? ! ,p>ts ( a     
,pe>4   ,! position & production ( !    
,vessels4   ,! ,*anel f ! top ( ! ,pe>  
to ! botome ( ! ,co>4   ,! ,t>t>e\s     
,knots4   ,& ! ,bladd]s radiat$ to !m4  
,,tab4 ,,lxviii4    ,see ! ,descriptions
 ( ,fruits2 & ! la/ ,*apt] ( !          
,g5]ation ( ! ,se$4  ,,tab4 ,,lxix4     
,f4 #e4 ,%ewe? ! ,p>ts ( a ,goosb]ry4   
,! d>k] "p is ! s[] ,r9d4 ,consi/+ ( two
 sorts (         ,bladd]s1 ( :i* "s v   
small1 & o!rs v great4     ,! :ite      
pieces on ! circumf]5ce ( ! ,b]ry1 are !

         ,lign\s ,fib]s4     ,! two     
opposite :ite & radiat$ ,bodys are !    
,midle ,p>5*yma4     ,& ! oblong ,bags  
r\nd ab\t ! sev]al ,se$s or ,se$-,cases1
         are ! sweet ,pulp4  ,,tab4     
,,lxx4      ,%ewe? ! ,se$-,case ( ,radi%
 op5$1 & ! ,se$s hang+ on         two   
,ropes4     ,t ( ,poppey bo? entire1 &  
split d[n ! midle4     ,a slice ( ! ,cod
 ( ,g>d5-,bean1 :ile v "y2 & !re9       
! ,bladd]s & ,?r$s ( ! ,spongy ,p>5*yma4
     ,& ! gradual rip5+ & op5+ ( t (    
yell[ ,h5bane4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxi4          
,%ewe? ! ,se$ ,case ( ,tulip entire1 cut
 transv]sly1 & split         d[ne4      
,a slice ( ,?orn-,apple1 or ( !         
,se$-,case ( ,/ramonium1 :ile           
"y4     ,t ( ,pimp9el naturally divid$  
into two ,hemisph]s2 ) !                
,button1 on :i* ! ,se$s gr[1 erect$ 9 ! 
middle4     ,! mann] ( ! ejaculation ( !
 ,se$1 9 ,cod$ ,arsm>t4     ,& ! ,coats 
( ! ,se$ ( ,az>um =m$ ! ye> be=e x      
rip5s4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxii4      %ewe? !    
measures ( ,plum-/ones4     ,!          

,ap]tures1 & ,divisions1 ( ! cov]s ( !  
,se$4     ,! ,se$ & ,se$-,case ( ,h>ts  
,tongue1 op5$ ) a ,spr+4     ,& o!r     
contrivances bo? = ! ,motion1 & ,arre/ (
 o!r         ,se$s4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxiii    
,,lxxiv4 ,see ! ,descriptions4      ,9  
,tab4 #gd4 ! corn]s & edges ( t (       
,fox-glove %\ld         h be5 r\nd]4    
,! ,figures are all done pretty ne> a   
,scale4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxv4      ,! ,belly &
 ,back ( a ,date/one1 & ! small spr\t+  
,node         tak5 out ( ! ,hole 9 !    
back cut op54     ,! ,%apes & ,f\lds (  
div]s ,se$s4     ,! ,vitellum ( ,ora*1 &
 ,rhapontick4     ,9 great blew-,lup9e1 
d1 ! ,navle2 b1 ! desc5d+ "p (         !
 ,radicle4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxvi4    ,flag4   
#a1 ! ,se$4     #b1 split op54     #c1 !
 true ,se$ :i* lies 9 ! holl[ made 9 !  
,cov]4     7#b7 #d1 "o half ( 7#b7      
magnifyd4     #e1 ! ,se$ 7#c7 magnifyd4 
,purg+ ,angola ,nut4 #a1 ) ! %ell on4   
#b1 tak5 (f4     #c1 ! s(t ,cov] split  
d[n4     #d1 ! ,se$ :i* lies 9 x2 !     
,lobes h]e( answ]able to two            

,leaves1 & ,radicle to ! ,/alk4   ,& s 9
 ! re/4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxvii4    ,c(fee     
,b]ry /one4     #a1 ,! belly ( ! ,/one4 
#b1 ! ,back4     #c1 p>$ a little4      
#d1 ! ,k]nel tak5 out ( x4     #e1 !    
same magnifyd4   ,goosgrass4     #a1 !  
entire ,se$4     #b1 ! back ( ! h>d     
,cov]4     #c1 ! belly4     #d1 cut 9   
two4     #e1 ! same magnifyd4     #f1 ! 
true ,se$ tak5 out ( x4   ,/aphisagria4 
#a1 ! entire ,se$4     #b1 ! h>d ,cov]4 
#c1 ,split 9 two4     #d1 ! true ,se$   
tak5 out ( x4     #e1 ,! same magnifyd4 
,peony1     #a1 ! ,se$ commonly s       
call'd4     #b1 "o half ( x split d[n4  
#c1 ! o!r half4     #d1 ! true se$ tak5 
out ( x4     #e1 ! same magnifyd4       
,/ramonium4     #a1 ! ,se$ entire4      
#b1 ! in] ?ick cov]4     #c1 ! same     
split 9 two4     #d1 ! true se$ tak5 out
 ( x4     #e1 half ! ?ick ,cov] 7#c7    
magnifyd4     #f1 ! ,se$ 7#d7 magnifyd4 
,,tab4 ,,lxxviii4    ,"s examples ( !   
,buds ( ,se$s be=e !y are s[n4   ,s5a4  
#a1 ! nak$ ,se$4     #b1 ! ,lobes divid$

 to %ew ! ,bud4     #c1 "o ,lobe ) !    
,bud magnifyd4   ,c>duus ,b5$ictus4 #a1 
! entire ,se$4     #b1 ) ! out] ,cov]s  
(f4     #c1 nak$4     #d1 divid$4       
#e1 t half ) ! ,bud1 magnifyd4   ,hemp4 
#a1 ! nak$ ,se$ divid$4     #b1 #c1 !   
same magnifyd4   ,almond4 #a4 "o half ( 
! ,k]nel4     #b1 ! ,radicle & ,bud at !
 bottom ( x4     #c1 ! same brok5 (f4   
#d1 magnifyd4     #e1 op5$4  ,,tab4     
,,lxxix4    ,f4 #a4 a b1 ,"p ( ! out]   
,coat4     c d1 ,"p ( ! ,inn] ,coat4    
c d e1 "o ,lobe cov]'d ) ! ,sk94     f  
g1 ! o!r1 ) ! ,sk9 & "p ( ! ,p>5*yma p>$
           (f4     f f1 ! ,sk94     h h1
 ! ,p>5*yma4     i i1 ! ,sem9al ,root4  
k k1 ! ,radicle4     k l1 :]e x is cut  
(f f ! ,lobes4     ,m1 ! ,plume or ,bud4
     ,n1 ,! ,cavitys 9 :i* x is lodg'd4 
,f4 #b4 ,%ewe? ! ,b>que1 ,vessels & ,pi?
 ( ! ,radicle4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxx4    ,f4   
#a4 ,a ,slice ( a "y ,apricock1 cut     
transv]sly1 ne> ! l[]         end2 %ew+ 
! duplicature ( ! ,sk9 half way ?r\gh ! 
,/one4   ,f4 #b4 ,a ,slice1 cut ne> !   

upp] end2 %ew+ ! duplicature (         !
 ,sk9 q ?r\gh ! ,/one4   ,f4 #c4 ,a     
well-gr[n ,apricock cut by ! l5g?4   ,f4
 #d1 #e1 ,! ,membranes ( a ,filb]t full 
ripe4   ,f4 #f4 ,! ,membranes ( a "y    
,apricock1 ) "p ( !         ,se$-bran*4 
,f4 #g4 ! two ,membranes cut by ! l5g?4 
,,tab4 ,,lxxxi4    ,f4 #a1 ,! out] &    
midle ,coats or ,membranes2 ) ! ,*anel1 
oval         at bo? ends1 n[ =m$ 9 !    
latt]4   ,f4 #b1 ,"p ( ! same1 ) ! upp] 
,oval gr[n l>g]1 & !         inmo/ ,cov]
 n[ also =m$ !re94   ,f4 #c4 ! same ) ! 
inmo/ cov] gr[n l>g]4   ,f4 #d4 ! ,inmo/
 ,cov] m magnifi$1 & ! holl[ 9 ! small] 
end1 laid op51 to %ew ! ,se$ x self1    
newly begun 9 a         r\nd ,node4     
,f4 #e4 ! same2 9 :i* ! ,node beg9s to  
be divid$ into two         ,lobes4   ,f4
 #f1 #g1 #h1 ! gradual =m+ ( ! ,lobes4  
,f4 #i1 next ! =m+ ( ! ,radicle4   f4   
#aj1 #aa1 ,its gradual contraction at ! 
po9t1 into a %ort &         sl5d] ,navle
 /r+4     ,:i* 9 ! fur!r gr[? ( ! ,se$1 
breaks & disappe>s4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxxii4   

a a1 ! ,pulp1 or op5 ,p>5*yma4     b b1 
! close ,p>5*yma or gr\nd ( ! ,/one4    
c c1 ! ,fl[]-,bran* runn+ ?r\gh ! body (
 ! ,/one4     d d1 ! ,se$-,bran* /rik+  
into ! holl[ ( ! ,/one1 &            s  
runn+ r\nd ! out] ,membrane e e4     f  
f1 ! middle ,membrane4     g g1 !       
,*anel4     h1 ! inn] ,membrane1 9 :i*  
lies ! ,se$4  ,,tab4 ,,lxxxiii4    ,f4  
#a1 ! mann] ( ! g5]ation ( ! ,ess5tial  
,salts ( ,plants4   ,f4 #b1 a ,cry/al ( 
! ,ess5tial ,salt ( ,rosem>y1 a little  
magnifyd4   ,f4 #c1 a b1 two (          
,wormwood1     a1 ^u ! second ,solution2
     b1 ^u ! fir/4   ,f4 #d1 "o ( ,g4   
,scurvygrass2     a1 "o side2     b !   
o!r4   ,f4 #e1 a ,cry/al ( ! ,m>9e ,salt
 ( ,rosem>y4   ,f4 #f1 ( ,g>d5          
,scurvy-grass2     a ! upp] side2     b4
 ! ne!r4   ,f4 #g1 ( ,wormwood4   ,f4   
#h1 ( ,black ,?orn4   ,f4 #i1 ano!r ( ! 
same4   ,f4 #aj1 ( ,firne4   ,f4 #aa1   
ano!r ( ,wormwood4                      
,,f9is4     ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #a4     
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #b4  ,illu/ration3  

,tab4 #c4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,iv4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #e4  ,illu/ration3  
,tab4 ,,vi4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,vii4 
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,viii4             
,illu/ration3 ,tab3 #i4  ,illu/ration3  
,tab4 ,x4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,xi4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,xii4              
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,xiii4             
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ad4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab3 #ae4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,xvi4  
,illu/ration3 ,tab ,,xvii  ,illu/ration3
 ,tab #ah  ,illu/ration3 ,tab #ai4      
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #bj4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #ba4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #bb4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #bc4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #bd4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #be4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #bf4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #bg4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #bh4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #bi4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #cj4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ca     
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #cb  ,illu/ration3  
,tab4 #cc  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #cd      
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ce  ,illu/ration3  
,,tab ,,xxxvi4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #cg4
  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ch  ,illu/ration3

 ,tab ,,xxxix4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab3 ,,xl
  ,illu/ration3 ,,tab4 ,,xxxxi          
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #db4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab3 #dc  ,illu/ration3 ,tab ,,xliiii4 
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,xlv4              
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #df4  ,illu/ration3 
,,tab4 ,,xlvii4  ,illu/ration3 ,,tab4   
,,xlviii4  ,illu/ration3 ,,tab4 ,,xlix4 
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ej4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #ea4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,lii   
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,liii              
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,liv  ,illu/ration3
 ,tab4 #ee4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ef4   
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #eg4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #eh4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ei4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #fj4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #fa4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #fb4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #fc4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab4 #fd4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #fe4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ff4  ,illu/ration3 
,,tab4 ,,lxvii  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #fh4
 7,see ,tab4 #hj4 c47  ,illu/ration3    
,tab4 #fi4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #gj4    
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 ,,lxxi4             
,illu/ration3 ,tab ,,lxxii4             

,illu/ration3 ,,tab ,,lxxiii4           
,illu/ration3 ,tab ,,lxxiiii            
,illu/ration3 ,tab3 #ge4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab3 #gf  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #gg4     
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #gh4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab3 ,,lxxix4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #hj 
,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #ha4  ,illu/ration3 
,tab #hb4  ,illu/ration3 ,tab4 #hc4