,transcrib]'s ,notes      ,text pr9t$ 9 
italics 9 ! s\rce docum5t h be5         
transcrib$    betwe5 und]scores2 small  
capitals h be5 replac$ ) ,,all          
,,capitals4      ,! language us$ is t ( 
! s\rce docum5t2 inconsi/5cies    h n   
be5 address$4      ,table ( ,cont5ts3 ! 
*apt] title = *apt] ,,vi does n agree   
) ! head+s 7,sugge/ions & ,receipts7 9 !
 text4            ,,! ,,*ocolate-,,plant
    7,,!obroma ,,cacao7    ,,&    ,,its 
,,products4      ,illu/ration3 ,,!      
,,fruit+-,,/em ,,( ,a                   
,,*ocolate-,,plant1 ,,! ,,fl[]s1    ,,"y
 ,,fruit1 ,,& ,,rip5$ ,,pod ,,all       
,,spr++ ,,f ,,! ,,old] ,,wood4          
,,dor*e/]1 ,,mass43    ,,walt] ,,bak]   
,,& ,,company4    #ahia4                
,copyright1 #ahij1    ,,by ,,walt]      
,,bak] ,,& ,,company4      ,univ]sity   
,press3    ,,john ,,wilson ,,& ,,son1   
,,cambridge4          ,,cont5ts4        
,,*apt]                                 
,,page      ,,introductory              
#e        ,i4 ,,outl9e ,,( ,,! ,,e>ly   

,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,*ocolate ,,plant4 -- 
,,its         ,,primitive ,,cultivation4
 -- ,,e>ly ,,me?ods ,,( ,,utiliz+ ,,!   
,,se$s4 -- ,,introduction ,,( ,,!       
,,bev]age ,,into ,,europe               
#g       ,,ii4 ,,! ,,natural ,,hi/ory   
,,( ,,! ,,*ocolate ,,plant4 -- ,,!      
,,pres5t         ,,range ,,( ,,! ,,plant
 ,,"u ,,mod]n ,,me?ods ,,(              
,,cultivation4 --         ,,comm]cial   
,,relations                             
#af      ,,iii4 ,,! ,,se$s ,,( ,,!      
,,*ocolate ,,plant1 ,,z ,,!y ,,appe> ,,9
 ,,comm]ce4         -- ,,_!             
,,microscopic ,,& ,,*emical ,,"*        
#bc       ,,iv4 ,,manufacture ,,(       
,,*ocolate1 ,,& ,,breakfa/ ,,cocoa      
#bf        ,v4 ,,"s ,,physiological     
,,aspects ,,( ,,*ocolate ,,se$s4 --     
,,value ,,(         ,,*ocolate ,,z ,,an 
,,article ,,( ,,food4 -- ,,applications 
,,(         ,,cocoa-,,butt]             
#cb       ,,vi4 ,a ,,few ,,cul9>y       
,,relations ,,( ,,*ocolate ,,&          
,,breakfa/ ,,cocoa1 ,,by         ,,mrs4 

,,ell5 ,h4 ,,ri*>ds ,,& ,,miss ,,p>loa  
#ce          ,,introductory4      ,f\r  
ye>s ago1 a conv5i5t h&book on !        
production & use (  v>i\s prep>ations ( 
! *ocolate plant 0 publi%$ by our firm4 
,! pres5t "w is design$ to give1 )      
consid]ably m detail1  "s ( ! int]e/+   
facts relative to ! e>ly hi/ory &       
cultivation ( ! *ocolate tree1 z well z 
a full] acc\nt ( its  botany & ! *emi/ry
 ( its products4 ,s9ce ?is bro*ure w    
d\btless fall into ! h&s ( "s :o d n h  
access to !  e>li] "w1 we h us$ ) fre$om
 "s ( ! mat]ial employ$  9 t2 b we hope 
t ^! necess>y repetitions w increase    
in/ead ( impair ! value ( ! pages n[    
be=e ! read]4    ,we tru/ t ?is second  
treatise may be acceptable to our _m    
fri5ds :o gave s w>m a welcome to !     
fir/4      ,,walt] ,,bak] ,,& ,,company4
      ,,dor*e/]1 ,,massa*usetts1        
#ahia4      ,,! ,,*ocolate-,,plant4     
,i4    ,,outl9e ,,( ,,! ,,e>ly ,,hi/ory 
,,( ,,! ,,*ocolate-,,plant4      ,at !  
discov]y ( ,am]ica1 ! natives ( ! n>r[] 

portion (  ! cont95t bord]+ on !        
,c>ibbean ,sea1 7 f\nd 9 possession  (  
two luxuries :i* h be5 ev]y:]e recogniz$
 z wor?y (  ext5sive cultivation2       
namely1 tobacco & *ocolate4 ,! =m]  ( ^!
 has made its way into climates totally 
unlike t ( its  e>ly home2 ! o!r ( ^!   
plants1 s9ce x _c be> ! l[  temp]ature  
occasionally exp]i5c$ 9 our subtropics1 
is m  re/rict$ 9 its range4 ,!          
*ocolate-plant is conf9$ to ! w>m]      
regions ( ! globe1 :]e x f9ds ! cong5ial
 climatic conditions  :i* x enjoy$ &    
/ill enjoys 9 its e>lie/ home 9 ,am]ica4
    ,! fir/ ref]5ces to ! *ocolate-plant
 & its products are f\nd  9 ! acc\nts ( 
! explor]s & conqu]ors :o foll[$        
,columbus4  ,^! fir/ descriptions ( ?is 
s+ul> tree1 ( its fruits &  se$s1 ( its 
uses & ! me?ods ( cultivation1 are      
rem>kably  accurate 9 all ess5tial      
p>ticul>s4    ,illu/ration    ,"o ( !   
e>lie/1 if n inde$ ! v e>lie/1          
del9eations (  ! *ocolate-tree is 9 a   
r>e volume by ,bontekoe4 ,! engrav+1    

:i* is "h reproduc$ ) fidelity1         
repres5ts ! *ocolate-tree  ) its        
comp>atively l>ge fruits or pods borne  
on ! ma9 /em4  ,?is might be ?\ght at   
fir/ to be an error ( ! arti/1 b x is  9
 fact a rude expression ( "o ( ! mo/    
rem>kable peculi>ities  ( ! plant4 ,z w 
be %[n pres5tly1 :5 a full] description 
( ! plant is giv51 ! fruits are1 z a    
rule1 =m$ on ! old]  p>ts4 ,ano!r       
int]e/+ feature is %[n 9 ! engrav+3#a ! 
*ocolate-tree is %elt]$ by a l>g] tree (
 "s o!r k9d ne>  x4 ,we %all see %ortly1
 t ?is practice ( plant+ a %elt]+  tree 
to %ade ! "y *ocolate plants = a "t1 is 
/ill kept  up :]ev] ! plant is          
successfully cultivat$4 ,x is c]ta9ly   
int]e/+ t ?is po9t 9 cultivation1 :i*   
might easily h  be5 ?\ght to be         
accid5tal or local1 0 del9eat$ m ?an    
?ree  c5turies ago4 ,by ! natives (     
tropical ,am]ica1 ! se$s ( !            
*ocolate-plant1 :i* w be m p>ticul>ly   
describ$ 9 a lat]  *apt]1 7 fir/ roa/$ &
 !n rudely gr\nd4 ,= ?is purpose  !y    

employ$ ! flat or curv$ surface ( ! sort
 ( /one us$ by  !m to gr9d _! maize1 or 
,indian corn4 ,9 ! engrav+1 "o ( !  mo/ 
simple mills or flat mort>s is se5 ) its
 roll]4 ,! roll]  0 m]ely a %ort ?ick   
/one ( a cyl9drical %ape1 :i* c\ld be   
us$ ) "o or bo? h&s some:at aft] ! mann]
 ( ! common  roll+-p9 ev]y:]e us$ 9     
kit*5s4 ,by ?is simple appliance1 !     
cru%$ se$s 7 mix$ ) v>i\s +r$i5ts1 among
 :i* may be  m5tion$ spices ( diff]5t   
k9ds4 ,a modification ( ?is 0 lat]  us$ 
9 ,spa94 ,see page #ae4      #a ,!      
figure 9 ! left ( ! =egr\nd is said by  
,bontekoe to    repres5t ! native me?od 
( procur+ fire by rapidly twirl+ a      
po9t$ /ick 9 a groove ( a piece ( wood  
plac$ on ! gr\nd4    ,illu/ration3 ,,f  
,a ,,photograph ,,( ,a ,,/one ,,mill1   
,,or ,,flat ,,mort>4    ,! dr9ks made f 
?is co>se *ocolate 7 frequ5tly v        
complex1 b ! *ocolate itself 0 ! *ief   
con/itu5t4 ,x 0 !  cu/om to beat !      
mixture into a fro? or foam1 by means ( 
/irr]s1  ( mallet-l =ms2 9 fact1 x is   

said by "s writ]s t ! v  "n *ocolate1 is
 d]iv$ f a native ^w indicat+ ! noise   
made  by ! /irr+ ( ! bev]age4    ,?us1  
,?omas ,gage1 9 8 8,new ,survey ( ! ,we/
 ,indies10 says  7"u date ( #afdh71 8,! 
"n *ocolatte is an ,indian "n1 & is     
comp\nd$ f atte1 z "s say1 or z o!rs1   
atle1 :i* 9 !  ,mexican language        
signifie? wat]1 & f ! s\nd :i* ! wat]   
7:]e9 is put ! *ocolatte7 makes1 z *oco1
 *oco1 *oco1  :5 x is /irr$ 9 a cup by  
an in/rum5t call$ a #8mol9et1' or       
#8mol9illo1' until x bubble & rise unto 
a froa?40    ,illu/ration3 ,,"s ,,( ,,! 
,,=ms ,,( ,,*ocolate ,,/irr]s           
78,,mol9ets074    ,f a treatise publi%$ 
9 ! ,sev5te5? ,c5tury4    ,! same writ] 
gives u an int]e/+ acc\nt ( ! native    
me?od (  prep>+ ! dr9k4 ,f ! extract1   
:i* is copi$ )\t *ange  ( ! qua9t       
spell+1 x w be se5 h[ wide ! use (      
*ocolate  0 9 ,europe t[>ds ! middle ( !
 sev5te5? c5tury3--      8,n[1 = ! mak+ 
or comp\nd+ ( ?is dr9k1 ,i %all set d[n 
"h ! me?od4 ,! cacao & ! o!r +r$i5ts mu/

 be beat5    9 a mort] ( /one1 or 7z !  
,indians use7 gr\nd ^u a broad    /one1 
:i* !y call ,metate1 & is only made = t 
use4 ,b    fir/ ! +r$i5ts are all to be 
dri$1 except ! ,a*iotte1    ) c>e t !y  
be beat5 to p[d]1 keep+ !m /ill 9       
/irr+ t !y be n burnt1 or become black2 
= if !y be    ov]dri$1 !y w be bitt] &  
lose _! virtue4 ,! c9namon    & ! long  
r$ pepp] are to be fir/ beat5 ) !       
annise$1 &    !n ! cacao1 :i* mu/ be    
beat5 by little & little till x    be   
all p[d]$1 & 9 ! beat+ x mu/ be turn$   
r\nd t x    may mix ! bett]4 ,e "o ( ^! 
+r$i5ts mu/ be beat5 by    itself1 & !n 
all be put into ! vessel :]e ! cacao is1
 :i*    y mu/ /ir toge!r ) a spoon1 & !n
 take out t pa/e1    & put x into !     
mort]1 "u :i* !re mu/ be a little fire1 
aft] ! confection is made2 b if m fire  
be put "u ?an w    only w>m x1 !n !     
unctu\s "p w dry away4 ,! ,a*iotte      
also mu/ be put 9 9 ! beat+1 t x may !  
bett] take !    col\r4 ,all ! +r$i5ts   
mu/ be se>c$1 save only ! cacao1    & if

 f ! cacao ! dry %ell be tak51 x w be ! 
bett]4    ,:5 x is well beat5 &         
incorporat$ 7:i* w be kn[n by !         
%ortnesse ( x71 !n ) a spoon 7s 9 !     
,indias is us$7 is    tak5 up "s ( !    
pa/e1 :i* w be almo/ liquid1 & made     
into tablets1 or else )\t a spoon put   
into boxes1 & :5 x is    cold x w be    
h>d4      8,^? t make x into tablets put
 a spoonful ( ! pa/e ^u    a piece (    
pap] 7! ,indians put x ^u ! leaf ( a    
pla9t9    tree71 :]e1 be+ put into !    
%ade 7= 9 ! sun x melts &    dissolves71
 x gr[s h>d2 & !n b[+ ! pap] or leaf1 ! 
tablet fals (f by reason ( ! fatnesse ( 
! pa/e4 ,b if x be    put into any?+ (  
e>? or wood1 x /ickes fa/1 & w n    come
 (f b ) scrap+ or break+4 ,! mann] (    
dr9k+ x    is div]se2 ! "o 7be+ ! way   
mo/ us$ 9 ,mexico7 is to take    x hot )
 ,atolle1 dissolv+ a tablet 9 hot wat]1 
& /irr+    & beat+ x 9 ! cup1 :5 x is to
 be drunk1 ) a ,mol9et1    & :5 x is    
well /irr$ to a scumme1 or fro?1 !n to  
fill !    cup ) hot ,atolle1 & s dr9k x 

sup by sup4 ,ano!r way is t    !        
*ocolate1 be+ dissolv$ ) cold wat] &    
/irr$ )    ! ,mol9et1 & ! scumme be+    
tak5 (f & put into ano!r    vessel1 !   
rema9d] be set ^u ! fire1 ) z mu* sug> z
    w sweet5 x1 & :5 x is w>me1 !n to   
p[re x ^u !    scumme :i* 0 tak5 (f     
be=e1 & s to dr9k x4 ,b ! mo/    ord9>y 
way is to w>me ! wat] v hot1 & !n to    
p[re out    half ! cup full t y mean to 
dr9k2 & to put into x a tablet    or    
two1 or z mu* z w ?ick5 reasonably !    
wat]1 & !n    gr9de x well ) ! ,mol9et1 
& :5 x is well gr\nd & ris5    to a     
scumme1 to fill ! cup ) hot wat]1 & s   
dr9k x by    sups 7hav+ sweet5$ x )     
sug>71 & to eat x ) a little    cons]ve 
or maple br$1 /eep$ into ! *ocolatte4   
8,besides ^! ways !re is ano!r way 7:i* 
is mu* us$ 9    ! ,isl& ( ,santo        
,dom+o71 :i* is to put ! *ocolatte into 
a pipk9 ) a little wat]1 & to let x     
boyle well till x be    dissolv$1 & !n  
to put 9 suffici5t wat] & sug> accord+  
to ! quantity ( ! *ocolatte1 & !n to    

boyle x aga9 untill    !re comes an oily
 scumme ^u x1 & !n to dr9k x4      8,!re
 is ano!r way yet to dr9k *ocolatte1 :i*
 is cold1 :i*    ! ,indians use at fea/s
 to refre% !mselves1 & x is made aft]   
?is mann]3 ,! *ocolatte 7:i* is made )  
none1 or v few1    +r$i5ts7 be+ dissolv$
 9 cold wat] ) ! ,mol9et1 !y    take (f 
! scumme or crassy "p1 :i* rise? 9 great
 quantity1    especially :5 ! cacao is  
old] & m putrefi$4 ,! scumme    !y lay  
aside 9 a little di% by itself1 & !n put
 sug> into    t "p f :5ce 0 tak5 !      
scumme1 & !n p[re x f    on high into ! 
scumme1 & s dr9k x cold4 ,& ?is dr9k is 
s    cold t x agree? n ) all m5's       
/oma*s2 = by exp]i5ce    x ha? be5 f\nd 
t x do? hurt by caus+ pa9s 9 ! /oma*1   
especially to wom54      8,! ?ird way ( 
tak+ x is ! mo/ us$1 & ?us c]ta9ly    x 
do? no hurt1 nei!r "k ,i :y x may n be  
us$ z well 9    ,engl& z 9 o!r p>ts1 bo?
 hot & cold2 = :]e x is s    mu* us$1 ! 
mo/1 if n all1 z well 9 ! ,indias z 9   
,spa91    ,italy1 ,fl&]s 7:i* is a cold 

c\ntrey71 f9d t x agree?    well ) !m4  
,true x is1 x is us$ m 9 ! ,indias ?an 9
    ! ,european p>ts1 because !re !     
/oma*s are m apt to fa9t    ?an "h1 & a 
cup ( *ocolatte well confection$ com=ts 
&    /r5g!ns ! /oma*4 ,= myself ,i mu/  
say1 ,i us$ x twelve    ye>s con/antly1 
dr9k+ "o cup 9 ! morn+1 ano!r yet be=e  
d9n] betwe5 n9e or t5 ( ! clock2 ano!r  
)9 an h\r or    two aft] d9n]1 & ano!r  
betwe5 f\r & five 9 ! aft]noon2    & :5 
,i 0 purpos$ to sit up late to /udy1 ,i 
w\ld take ano!r    cup ab\t sev5 or     
eight at night1 :i* w\ld keep me wak+   
till ab\t midnight4 ,& if by *ance ,i   
did neglect any ( ^!    accu/om$ h\res1 
,i pres5tly f\nd my /oma* fa9ty4 ,& )   
?is    cu/ome ,i liv$ twelve ye>s 9 ^?  
p>ts heal?y1 )\t any    ob/ructions1 or 
oppilations1 n kn[+ :at ei!r ague or    
feav]    040    ,aft] its introduction  
into ,europe f ,am]ica1 *ocolate 0 us$  
at  fir/ only z a luxury1 b x has       
/eadily advanc$ 9 popul> e/eem  until x 
is n[ recogniz$ z "o ( ! necess>ies (   

life4    ,illu/ration3 ,,frontispiece   
,,( ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,e>lie/ ,,works ,,on  
,,*ocolate4    ,x w\ld be int]e/+ to    
speculate z to ! accid5ts :i* l$ to  !  
orig9al use ( su* bev]ages z c(fee1 tea1
 & *ocolate4 ,!  e>lie/ employm5t ( !   
two =m] is veil$ 9 z deep a my/]y  z t  
:i* surr\nds ! *ocolate-plant4 ,all 7   
us$ at !  outset by :at we h be5        
accu/om$ to call ! uncultivat$ races  ( 
mank9d1 b we _c surmise :at fir/        
attract$ _! att5tion  to ^! plants4 ,"o 
c only say t by ! natives ( l&s  :]e !  
plants gr[ naturally1 !y h all be5 us$ f
 "t  immemorial1 & t all ?ree are       
welcome gifts f a rude /ate (           
civilization to ! highe/ :i* exi/s      
to-day4 ,by ! savages & !  ,aztecs (    
,am]ica1 by ! rov+ tribes ( ,arabia1 &  
by ! dwell]s  9 ! f>!r ,ea/1 ! virtues (
 ^! ?ree plants 7 recogniz$  long be=e  
any "o ( !m 0 introduc$ into ,europe4   
,!re is reason to believe t long be=e ! 
discov]y ( ,am]ica1  ,tea & ,c(fee _h   
be5 vaguely kn[n to travell]s 9 !       

,ori5t1  z curiosities1 mu* z we to-day 
reg>d ! ,kola-nut & ,mat1 b  nei!r ,tea 
nor ,c(fee 0 !n employ$ z a bev]age     
any:]e 9  ,we/]n ,europe4 ,9 fact1 all  
tru/wor?y evid5ce 9 ! case leads u  to a
 surpris+ conclusion1 namely1 ,t        
,*ocolate 0 ! fir/ (  ^! bev]ages to    
attract ! att5tion ( ,europeans4 ,?is   
bev]age  rapidly made its way ?r\gh\t   
,europe1 beg9n+ f ,spa9 &  ,portugal1   
:i!r its discov]]s _h br\ght x4 ,! o!r  
bev]ages1  ,tea & ,c(fee1 soon foll[$1 &
 aft] a %ort "t became associat$  toge!r
 9 popul> reg>d4    ,9 a duodecimo "w   
publi%$ 9 #afhe1 & n[ v r>e1 ! bev]ages 
d]iv$ f ^! ?ree plants are describ$ 9 a 
cle> & =cible  mann]4 ,! reproduction ( 
! frontispiece ( ?is book1 giv5 above1  
%[s h[ intimate ! association ( ^!      
bev]ages 0 reg>d$  ev5 two c5turies ago4
 ,x is int]e/+ to obs]ve ! di/9ction    
made by ! arti/ 9 ! receptacles & cups =
 hold+ ^! ?ree  diff]5t dr9ks4 ,on !    
floor1 ne> ! vase1 is se5 "o ( !        
*ocolate-/irr]s describ$ on page #aj4   

,at ! outset ! manufacture ( *ocolate 9 
,europe 0 c>ri$ on  ) sub/antially !    
same appliances z ^? us$ by ! natives4  
,a  curi\s indication ( ?is is af=d$ by 
! engrav+1 :i* %[s  t ! ,portuguese mill
 0 to all int5ts modell$ aft] t us$ by  
! ,mexicans4    ,illu/ration3           
,,*ocolate-,,gr9d+ ,,9 ,,! ,,sev5te5?   
,,c5tury4    ,f an e>ly engrav+4        
,,ii4    ,,! ,,natural ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! 
,,*ocolate-,,plant4      ,illu/ration3  
,,!obroma ,,cacao4    ,! *ocolate plant 
is kn[n to botani/s z ,!obroma ,cacao4  
,!  fir/ or g5]ic ^w 9 ?is "n means food
 ( ! gods4 ,! g5us  conta9s six species1
 only "o ( :i* is g5]ally cultivat$4 ,x 
is  probable1 h[ev]1 t "s ( ! se$s :i*  
f9d _! way into  comm]ce are yield$ by  
o!r & wild species4 ,x is1 moreov]1 m   
?an likely t among ! num]\s v>ieties (  
,!obroma ,cacao n[  cultivat$ !re may be
 "s hybrids betwe5 ! diff]5t =ms4       
,illu/ration3 ,,fl[]s1 ,,fruit1 ,,&     
,,se$s ,,( ,,!obroma4    ,f an old      
engrav+4    ,! plant belongs to !       

,/]culiace1 a natural ord] conta9+      
=ty-"o g5]a & five hundr$ & tw5ty       
species4 ,! g5]al habit  ( ! tree is    
well %[n 9 ! engrav+4    ,illu/ration3  
,,fl[]s1 ,,fruit1 ,,& ,,se$s ,,(        
,,!obroma4    ,f a rec5t draw+4    ,!   
se$s ( ! plant are borne 9 pods1        
repres5t$ 9 !  illu/rations on pages #ag
 & #ah1 ! =m] tak5 f "o ( !  e>ly works 
on ! subject4 ,no4 #a 9 ! fir/ engrav+  
exhibits !  rip5$ pod1 #e & #f ! fruits 
9 diff]5t /ages ( gr[?4 ,no4 #b  %[s !  
pod cut op5 & displays "s ( ! se$s1 :ile
 #c & #d  are ! se$s !mselves1--! =m] 9 
its natural /ate1 ! latt]  ) ! se$-coats
 remov$4    ,! pod is irregul> & angul>1
 mu* l "s =ms ( cucumb]s1  b m po9t$ at 
! l[] extremity1 & m di/9ctly groov$4   
,x measures 9 l5g? n9e in*es to a foot1 
or ev5 m1 & ab\t  half z mu* 9 diamet]4 
,! color1 :5 "y1 is gre51 becom+  lat]  
d>k yell[ or yell[i% br[n4 ,! r9d is    
?ick & t\gh4 ,!  pod is fill$ ) closely 
pack$ 8beans10 or se$s1 imb$d$ 9 a mass 
( cellul> tissue1 sometimes ( pleasant  

subacid ta/e4 ,! se$s  are ab\t z l>ge z
 ord9>y almonds1 :iti% :5 fre%1 & ( a   
disagreeable bitt] ta/e4 ,:5 dri$ !y    
become br[n4    ,! fruits are ab\t f\r  
mon?s 9 rip5+2 b !y appe> &  mature !   
:ole ye> ?r\gh4 ,9 po9t ( fact1 h[ev]1  
!re are  *ief h>ve/s1 usually 9 e>ly    
spr+1 b ?is is diff]5t =  diff]5t       
c\ntries4    ,! foll[+ extract f a      
comp>atively rec5t consul> report gives 
a cle> idea ( ! mod]n me?od ( cultivat+ 
! plant 9 "s  p>ts ( ,s\? ,am]ica4 ,!   
extract 0 giv5 9 our =m] edition1  b x  
is ?\ght be/ to transcribe x "h4        
8,! tree gr[s to ! av]age height (      
?irte5 feet1 & f    five to eight in*es 
9 diamet]1 is ( spread+ habit & heal?y  
gr[?1 & al?\gh requir+ mu* m c>e &      
att5tion ?an !    c(fee-tree1 yet its   
equally reliable crops require          
comp>atively    little labor 9 prop]ly  
prep>+ = ! m>ket4      8444 ,!re are two
 v>ieties ( ! cocoa-tree cultivat$ 9    
,v5ezuela1 kn[n z ,el ,criollo & ,el    
,tr9it>io1 respectively1 !    =m] ( :i*1

 ?\gh n s prolific1 nor z e>ly fruit+ z 
! latt]1 is yet sup]ior to x 9 size1    
color1 sweetness1 &    oleag9\s         
prop]ties ( ! fruit1 & 9 ! fact t x     
always    f9ds ready sale1 :ile ! latt] 
is (t5 dull or neglect$4 ,!    diff]5ce 
9 price ( ! two v>ieties is also m>k$1 !
 =m]    be+ quot$ at #bh to #cj p]      
fanega 7#aaj p\nds71 :ile ! latt]       
comm&s approximately half t price4      
8,:ile c(fee c be successfully cultivat$
 "u a temp]ature    ( #fj degrees ,f41 !
 cocoa-tree1 = prop] developm5t &       
remun]ative crops1 requires a temp]ature
 ( #hj degrees ,f42 h5ce    ! area ( !  
cocoa belt is comp>atively re/rict$1 & !
    cocoa-plant] presumably has n to fe>
 ! fi]ce competition t    he has        
enc\nt]$ 9 ! cultivation ( cotton &     
c(fee4 ,besides    ! condition (        
temp]ature above /at$1 ?is crop ne$s a  
moi/    soil & humid atmosph]e2 & s !   
l&s along ! coa/ ( !    ,c>ibbean sea1  
slop+ f ! m\nta9-tops to ! %ore1 b$ew$  
by ! exhalations ( ! sea & irrigat$ by !

 num]\s rivulets    t c\rse d[n !       
valleys1 are f\nd to be1 9 all respects1
 well    adapt$ to ! pr(itable          
cultivation ( cocoa4 ,& :ile ! l&s    9 
! int]ior possess+ facilities =         
irrigation may be said to    be equally 
z good = ! purpose1 yet ! abs5ce (      
roads1 &    ! consequ5tly difficult     
transportation ( produce on ! backs (   
donkeys ov] rugg$ m\nta9 pa?s1 mat]ially
 r$uce ! pr(its on    ! crop be=e x     
rea*es ! m>ket4      8,a cocoa          
plantation is set 9 q ! same mann] z an 
apple-or*>d1 except t ! "y /alks may be 
transplant$ f    ! nurs]y aft] two      
mon?s' gr[?4 ,no prep>ation ( ! soil is 
deem$ necess>y1 & no manures are appli$4
 ,! "y trees are    plant$ ab\t fifte5  
feet equidi/ant1 :i* w accommodate two  
hundr$ trees to ! acre4 ,betwe5 r[s1 &  
at l spaces1 are    plant$ r[s ( !      
,buc>e1 a tree ( rapid gr[?1 t s]ves to 
%ade ! soil z well z to %ield ! "y trees
 f ! torrid    sun4 ,small p]man5t      
tr5*es mu/ be ma9ta9$ f tree to tree    

?r\gh\t ! entire l5g? ( ! r[s1 s t1 at  
lea/ once 9    ! week1 ! /ream1 desc5d+ 
f ! m\nta9s1 may be turn$    into ^!    
little *annels & be> ne$ful moi/ure to  
trees &    soil4 ,at ! age ( five ye>s !
 plantation beg9s to be> fruit1    &    
annually yields two crops1 t rip5+ 9    
,june be+ t]m$ !    crop ( ,san ,juan1 &
 t matur+ at ,*ri/mas be+ kn[n z !      
crop ( ,la ,navidad4 ,! av]age age to   
:i* ! trees atta91 "u    prop] c>e1 may 
be e/imat$ at =ty ye>s1 dur+ :i* p]iod  
x w give fair to full crops ( fruit2 b (
 c\rse x mu/ be    und]/ood t1 z 9 our  
fruit or*>ds1 a new tree mu/ be set    f
 "t to "t to replace "o t may be decay$ 
or blight$4    ,aft] c>eful inquiry x   
may be safely /at$ t ! av]age crop    ( 
! cocoa plantation at t5 ye>s ( age1 &  
"u a prop] /ate    ( cultivation1 w     
am\nt to five hundr$ or six hundr$ p\nds
 p]    acre40    ,! me?od ( prep>+ !    
fruit = %ipm5t is ?us describ$ 9 !      
8,encyclopdia ,britannica03--      8,9  
ga!r+1 ! workman is c>eful to cut d[n   

only fully rip5$    pods1 :i* he        
adroitly accompli%es ) a long pole arm$ 
) two    prongs1 or a knife at its      
extremity4 ,! pods are left 9 a heap on 
! gr\nd = ab\t tw5ty-f\r h\rs2 !y are !n
 cut op5 &    ! se$s are tak5 out &     
c>ri$ 9 baskets to ! place :]e    !y    
und]go ! op]ation ( sweat+ or cur+4 ,!re
 ! acid    juice :i* accompanies ! se$s 
is fir/ dra9$ (f1 aft] :i*    !y are    
plac$ 9 a sweat+-box1 9 :i* !y are      
enclos$ &    all[$ to f]m5t = "s "t1    
great c>e be+ tak5 to keep    !         
temp]ature f ris+ too high4 ,! f]m5t+   
process is1 9    "s cases1 affect$ by   
?r[+ ! se$s into holes or tr5*es 9    ! 
gr\nd1 & cov]+ !m ) e>? or clay4 ,! se$s
 9 ?is    process1 :i* is call$ 8clay+10
 are occasionally /irr$ to keep    !    
f]m5tation f proce$+ too viol5tly4 ,!   
sweat+ is a    process :i* requires ! v 
greate/ att5tion & exp]i5ce1    z on x1 
to a great ext5t1 dep5ds ! flavor ( !   
se$s &    _! fitness = pres]vation4 ,!  
op]ation v>ies accord+ to !    /ate ( ! 

wea!r1 b a p]iod ( ab\t two days yields 
! be/    results4 ,!reaft] ! se$s are   
expos$ to ! sun = dry+1 &    ^? ( a f9e 
quality %\ld !n assume a w>m1 r$di% t9t1
    :i* *>act]izes beans ( a sup]ior    
quality40    ,cocoa-beans are d]iv$     
*iefly f ! foll[+ s\rces1 "h  arrang$   
alphabetically4 ,a rec5t au?or has      
classifi$ !m "u  two heads1 unf]m5t$ &  
f]m5t$2 b ?is classification is  v      
mislead+1 s9ce x happ5s t f a few ( !   
places  m5tion$ v>iable proportions (   
bo? sorts are br\ght to m>ket4  ,ariba  
7,ecuador71 ,bahia 7,brazil71 ,c>acas   
7,v5ezuela71 ,cay5ne 7,fr5*  ,guiana71  
,ceylon1 ,guatemala1 ,haiti1 or ,port au
 ,pr9ce1 ,java1 ,ma*ala1 or  ord9>y     
,guayaquil 7,ecuador71 ,m>acaiba        
7,colombia71 ,m>>ion 7,brazil71  ,/4    
,dom+o1 ,sur9am 7,dut* ,guiana71        
,tr9idad 7,w4 ,i471 f ,africa1 !        
,sey*elles1 ,m>t9ique1 & ,b\rbon1       
v>iable am\nts are beg9n+  to appe> z   
regul> products4 ,x is g5]ally und]/ood 
t "s  ( ! be/ sorts ( ,s\? ,am]ican     

cocoa are consum$ at home & d  n f9d _! 
way1 9 def9ite quantities1 or z a /at$  
supply1 to  any =eign ports4 ,among ^!  
are ,soconusco & ,esm]aldas4 ,at !  la/ 
,fr5* exposition ^! & o!r v f9e sorts f 
,v5ezuela  & ,ecuador 7 exhibit$4 ,new  
fields are be+ op5$ up 9 _m  directions 
to meet ! increas+ dem& = ! product4    
,,iii4    ,,! ,,se$s ,,( ,,!            
,,*ocolate-,,plant ,,z ,,!y ,,appe> ,,9 
,,comm]ce4 ,,_!  ,,microscopic ,,&      
,,*emical ,,*>act]s4      ,! se$s ( !   
*ocolate-plant are br\ght into ! m>ket 9
 _!  crude /ate1 z almond-%ap$ 8beans10 
:i* diff] 9 color &  some:at 9 texture4 
,x is n uncommon to f9d ! ext]nal       
surface (  ! bean m or less cov]$ ) a ?9
 irregul> lay] ( atta*$  e>?1 b ?is is  
g5]ally pretty well cle>$ (f dur+ !     
transportation4    ,^u ! color ( %ell & 
k]nel1 ! relative brittl5ess1 !  flavor1
 & ! odor1 dep5ds ! m>ket value ( !     
se$s4    ,! dri$ se$s h a pap]y1 brittle
 %ell1 :i* is v smoo?  on ! inside1 b on
 ! outside exhibits1 "u ! microscope1 a 

few %ort hairs & r\nd excresc5ces4 ,b ^!
 are mo/ly lo/  by ! r\gh h&l+ & by !   
attrition ( ! se$s ) "o  ano!r dur+     
transportation4 ,! k]nel consi/s ( two  
l>ge  cotyl$ons or se$-leaves1          
r$di%-gray or r$di%-br[n1 ) a  %9+1 oily
 surface2 ! :ole cru%+ r easily into a  
loose  mass ( fragm5ts4 ,! k]nel1 :5    
dry1 has a m9ute1 t\gh1 almo/  /ony     
radicle :i* sep>ates easily f !         
cotyl$ons4 ,microscopic  exam9ation %[s 
t ! cells ( ! se$-leaves conta9 album51 
oily matt]s1--sometimes 9 a cry/all9e   
condition1--cry/als (  an entirely      
diff]5t %ape1 />*1 color+ sub/ances 9   
special  receptacles kn[n z             
pigm5t-cells1 & ducts ) spiral m>k+s4   
,! />* gra9s d n h any v *>act]i/ic =m  
or m>k+s3  !y are g5]ally sph]ical &    
simple4 ,! only peculi>ity wor?         
m5tion+1 is ! relative sl[ness ) :i* !y 
are act$ on  by hot wat] & by iod9e4 ,! 
color+ sub/ances are ma9ly ( a  c>m9e or
 violet color1 & are di/+ui%$ by ! *ange
 ( %ade  :5 an alkali is add$1 becom+   

!reby d>k]4    ,^! are ! only /ructural 
elem5ts :i* a pure p[d] or pa/e (       
*ocolate %\ld %[ "u ! microscope4 ,any  
o!r sub/ances mu/  be recogniz$ z       
accid5tal or int5tional additions4      
,all se$s ( :atev] k9d conta91 z a "p ( 
_! sub/ance1 !  matt] ( :i* cell-walls  
are made2 namely1 cellulose4 ,! p]c5tage
  diff]s 9 diff]5t se$s1 9 ^? ( !       
*ocolate-plant be+ ab\t  ?ree 9 !       
hundr$4 ,cellulose has ! same *emical   
composition  z />*2 b its physical      
prop]ties are n ! same z ^? (  />*1     
among :i* may be m5tion$ its entire     
insolubility 9 boil+  wat]4    ,/>* =ms1
 on an av]age1 eight to t5 p] c5t (     
*ocolate-se$s4  ,x consi/s ( m9ute      
sph]ical gra9s1 n di/+ui%able f t  f\nd 
9 _m o!r k9ds ( se$s4 ,traces ( gum & ( 
o!r alli$  bodies are also pres5t 9 !   
se$s4    ,album9oids1 or sub/ances      
resembl+1 9 a g5]al way1 ! album9  (    
egg1 occur 9 *ocolate-se$s z !y d 9 o!r 
se$s1 & 9 a  some:at high] am\nt ?an 9  
c]ta9 o!r cases 9 :i* ! se$s  are us$ z 

food4 ,! p]c5tage ranges f ab\t fifte5  
to tw5ty1  dep5d+ on ! v>iety4 ,^!      
album9oids are comp\nds ( nitrog51  &   
are extremely nutriti\s4 ,9 ! se$s !y   
occur 9 a readily  assimilable =m1 fit =
 dige/ion4 ,_! peculi> relations z      
fle%-=m]s are ref]r$ to 9 ! section     
treat+ ( ! physiology  ( *ocolate-se$s4 
,cacao-r$ occurs z a color+ matt] 9     
small am\nt4 ,x is r5d]$  d>k by        
alkalies4    ,!obrom9e1 ! active        
pr9ciple ( ! cocoa-bean1 con/itutes less
  ?an "o p] c5t ( ! weight ( ! se$s1 b x
 v>ies greatly 9  am\nt 9 diff]5t se$s1 
rang+ f  ( "o p] c5t 9 "s1  to a trifle 
ov] "o p] c5t 9 o!rs4    ,! a% left on  
completely burn+ cocoa-beans is n f> f  
f\r  p] c5t4 ,its composition is        
sub/antially t ( ! a% ( se$s (  o!r     
plants4    ,cocoa-butt]1 or oil1        
con/itutes n f> f fifty p] c5t ( good   
cocoa-beans4 ,! oil is rem>kable = its  
fre$om f rancidity &  its v bl& "*4 ,its
 uses are innum]able4    ,! foll[+      
av]ages ( _m analyses by a lead+ rec5t  

au?ority  may be ( int]e/3--            
,,unroa/$4      ,moi/ure                
#g4aa    ,oil                           
#ea4gh    ,!obrom9e                     
4#ce    ,/>*                            
#e4gh    ,cellulose                     
#c4a    ,o!r c>bohydrates1 glucosides1  
etc4      #aj4je    ,prote9 matt]s      
#ae4fa    ,a%                           
#c4fj    ,,roa/$4      ,moi/ure         
#f4ea    ,oil                           
#di4bd    ,!obrom9e                     
4#dc    ,/>*                            
#aj4dc    ,cellulose                    
#c4a    ,o!r c>bohydrates1 glucosides1  
etc4       #g4gh    ,prote9 matt]s      
#ah4cc    ,a%                           
#c4ib          ,,iv4    ,,manufacture   
,,( ,,*ocolate ,,& ,,breakfa/ ,,cocoa4  
,we h already call$ att5tion to ! simple
 process by :i* !  natives ( ,c5tral    
,am]ica prep>$ a nutriti\s bev]age f !  
se$s ( ! *ocolate-plant4 ,! ess5tial    
features ( ?is process1  modifi$ &      
greatly improv$ by mod]n sci5ce1 are    

wor?y (  consid]ation at ?is "t4    ,!  
select$ cocoa-beans are fir/ clean$ f ! 
du/ & atta*$  p>ticles :i* h come f     
v>i\s s\rces dur+ ! f]m5tation  ( !     
se$s4 ,! ma*9es = clean+ ! beans are v  
+5i\s  & effective1 remov+ f ! se$-coat 
e trace ( =eign  matt]4    ,! clean$    
se$s are next roa/$ 9 ! mo/ c>eful      
mann]1 e  precaution be+ tak5 to secure 
a uni=m effect ?r\gh ! :ole  mass4 ,dur+
 ! roa/+ ! se$s *ange color some:at &   
become  m or less modifi$ 9 ta/e4 ,9    
"u-roa/$ se$s ! flavor is  n fully      
develop$1 :ile 9 ov]-roa/$ se$s !       
pleasant ta/e is  likely to become      
greatly impair$1 or x may ev5 be :olly  
replac$ by  a bitt] & h>% flavor4 ,^!   
relations ( color & ta/e to !  roa/+ ( !
 se$s make ?is portion ( ! manufacture  
"o ( !  mo/ delicate processes f beg9n+ 
to end4    ,by ! roa/+ ! %ell becomes m 
readily deta*able1 & its  complete      
removal is ! next /ep4 ,! cru%+ ( ! se$s
 into small  fragm5ts is easily         
accompli%$2 & ?is is foll[$ by a ?or\gh 

w9n[+1 by :i* ! light] %ells are c>ri$  
away by !mselves1  leav+ ! clean        
fragm5ts ( ! roa/$ se$s ready = fur!r   
manipulation4    ,among ! fragm5ts c be 
detect$ m9ute & v t\gh bits (  tissue4  
,^! bits are ! h>d5$ g]ms1 or r portions
 ( !  g]ms1 & ^! are sep>at$ f ! re/ by 
an app>atus ( mu*  simplicity &         
effici5cy4    ,! clean %ells are usually
 plac$ at once 9 packages =             
transportation4 ,!y are ext5sively us$ =
 ! dome/ic prep>ation  ( a :olesome & v 
l[-pric$ dr9k4 ,?is bev]age conta9s a   
fair  proportion ( ! active pr9ciple ( !
 *ocolate-se$s !mselves1  & ! flavor is 
sugge/ive ( *ocolate4    ,! clean$      
fragm5ts con/itute ! s-call$            
8cocoa-nibs0 ( "s  =eign m>kets1 & 9 ?is
 /ate !y are us$ = ! prep>ation (  a    
simple decoction4 ,b 9 ?is =m !y require
 to be boil$ a good  :ile = ! developm5t
 ( flavor1 & x is !re=e bett] to h  !m  
treat$ be=eh& 9 ord] to r$uce ! "t (    
boil+2 &  ?is is all ! m necess>y1 s9ce 
dur+ ! long boil+ a "p  ( ! m delicate  

aroma peculi> to *ocolate-se$s is apt to
 be  dissipat$4    ,we are next to trace
 ^! fragm5ts1 ?r\gh ! *ocolate-mill1 &  
aft]w>ds foll[ simil> fragm5ts ?r\gh !  
cocoa-factory4    ,9 ! prep>ation (     
*ocolate1 ! fragm5ts are gr\nd by a     
complicat$ me*anism until !y atta9 !    
greate/ degree (  f95ess1 & con/itute a 
p]fectly homog5e\s mass or pa/e4 ,if !  
*ocolate is to be a pla9 *ocolate1 x is 
to receive its delicate  flavor+ & !n g 
directly into ! m\lds = %ap+ x4 ,e  /ep 
( ! process has to be wat*$ ) ! mo/     
assidu\s c>e4  ,:5 ! *ocolate is =m$ &  
prop]ly cool$1 x is wrapp$ &  pack$ = ! 
m>ket4    ,b if ! *ocolate is to be     
sweet5$1 a def9ite am\nt ( !  pure/     
sug>1 previ\sly pulv]iz$1 is to be add$1
 ! :ole gr\nd  & comm+l$1 ! prop]       
flavor+ ( pure vanilla add$1 & !        
semi-solid mass =m$ 9 m\lds z be=e4     
,aft] be+ m\ld$ x is  s5t to !          
pack+-room & wrapp$4    ,! v>iations 9 !
 process are innum]able1 b all ( !m  are
 comp>atively unimportant :5 tak5 s+ly2 

! skill 9 !  manufacture requires t ea* 
( ^! slight *anges %\ld be made  at j ! 
"r "t & 9 ! "r way4 ,9 ! manufacture (  
,walt] ,bak] & ,co4's *ocolate1 ?is     
skill has become develop$ to a  v high  
degree dur+ ! hundr$ ye>s ( success4 ,t 
! firm is  ready to avail itself ( e    
appliance kn[n 9 mod]n manufacture1  is 
se5 by _! adoption ( ! complicat$ ma*9]y
 illu/rat$ on  page #bi4 ,?is           
*ocolate-ma*9e has a capacity ( five    
tons ( pure  *ocolate daily4 ,x is      
accessible to visitors1 :o may apply at 
!  (fice 9 ,dor*e/] = p]mission to see x
 9 op]ation4    ,x is unnecess>y to     
detail ! /eps ( manufacture ( _m ( !    
*ocolate specialties ( ! firm4    ,we   
turn n[ to ! consid]ation ( breakfa/    
cocoa4    ,! manufacture ( breakfa/     
cocoa is bas$ ^u two important factors3 
fir/1 ! removal ( a def9ite portion ( ! 
cocoa-oil f !  roa/$ se$s2 & second1    
increas+ ! miscibility ( ! p[d]$  se$s  
by secur+ ! greate/ practicable degree (
 f95ess4    ,illu/ration3 ,,"o ,,( ,,!  

,,*ocolate-,,ma*9es ,,at ,,!            
,,manufactory ,,(  ,,walt] ,,bak]  ,,co4
    ,,capacity1 ,,five ,,tons ,,(       
,,*ocolate ,,daily4    ,:ile ! oil ( !  
*ocolate-se$ is p]fectly :olesome1 !re  
are  "s p]sons :o f9d 9 ! p]c5tage      
natural to ! se$s a too  l>ge am\nt =   
easy dige/ion4 ,! removal ( a "p ( ?is1 
:i*  might ) propriety be call$ an      
excess ( ! oil1 0 practis$ ev5  9 v e>ly
 days1 z is se5 9 ! cut h]e) giv51 tak5 
f an  old "w on ! subject4 ,! pres5t    
me?od ( extract+ ! oil is  n ess5tially 
diff]5t1 save 9 a few p>ticul>s1 f t "h 
figur$1 & !re=e ne$ n be describ$ 9     
detail4    ,illu/ration    ,! me?od (   
manufacture is sub/antially z foll[s3 ! 
gr\nd  fragm5ts ( roa/$ se$s are        
subject$ to pressure1 & ) !  result (   
)draw+ j z mu* oil z ! manufactur]s     
desire to  ab/ract4 ,! press$ mass is1 9
 ! mo/ successful process1 treat$       
me*anically 9 su* a mann] z to divide & 
subdivide ! m9ute  p>ticles until !y are
 capable ( pass+ ?r\gh a sieve hav+     

sev]al ?\s& me%es to ! squ>e in*4 ,b su*
 pulv]ization z  ?is w\ld1 "u ord9>y    
circum/ances1 r$uce ! mass to a dull  & 
unattractive p[d]4 ,9 ! process devis$  
by ! firm ( ,walt]  ,bak] & ,co41 ?is   
high degree ( f95ess is secur$ )\t any  
loss ( brilliancy 9 ! p[d]1--! color be+
 ( ! bright-r$  :i* is n only attractive
 9 appe>ance1 b :5 conjo9$ ) !  natural 
*ocolate odor & flavor is *>act]i/ic (  
absolutely pure  cocoa ( ! highe/ grade4
    ,x is in/ructive to comp>e su* cocoa
 ) ! cocoas prep>$ by  :at is kn[n 9    
*emical te*nology z ! *emical process4  
,!  latt] are prep>$ by treatm5t )      
alkal9e matt]s :i* act  on ! color+     
sub/ances 9 ! se$s1 increas+ ! app>5t   
effect ( hot wat] :5 ! latt] is add$4 ,9
 *emically prep>$  cocoas1 ! exquisite  
natural odor & flavor ( pure cocoa-se$s 
h  be5 dim9i%$ or :olly lo/ by ! sev]e  
treatm5t to :i* !  mat]ials h be5       
subject$4 ,9 "s cases ! loss ( ! natural
  flavor is s\ght to be p>tially suppli$
 by ! use ( fragrant gums1  :olly =eign 

to ! natural product4    ,! detection ( 
^! admixtures is g5]ally easy4          
,comp>ison )  ! well-kn[n pure breakfa/ 
cocoa ( ,walt] ,bak] & ,co4 w reveal  at
 once ! va/ sup]iority ( a product :i*  
has n be5 treat$  by *emicals1 b :i*    
conta9s only ! f9e/ possible p[d] (  !  
be/ *ocolate-se$s fre$ f ! excess ( oil4
 ,! exquisite  flavor & odor ( ! pure   
product are due :olly to ! se$s         
!mselves1 s9ce absolutely no =eign matt]
 is add$ f fir/ to  la/4 ,walt] ,bak] & 
,co4's breakfa/ cocoa c be us$ by /ud5ts
 (  ! microscope & ( *emi/ry z a p]fect 
type ( ! highe/ ord]  ( excell5ce 9     
manufacture4 ,! enorm\s increase 9      
consumption (  ,bak]'s cocoa & *ocolate 
indicates t our discrim9at+ public      
appreciate a ?or\ghly good article :5 !y
 see x4          ,v4    ,,"s            
,,physiological ,,aspects ,,(           
,,*ocolate-,,se$s4--,,value ,,(         
,,*ocolate ,,z  ,,an ,,article ,,(      
,,food4      ,! se$s ( plants conta9 a  
g]m1 or embryo1 toge!r ) a c]ta9  am\nt 

( food4 ,z soon z ! g]m spr\ts1 ! food1 
or a good "p  ( x1 is consum$ by !      
se$l+1 be+ us$ by x 9 ! =mation  ( new  
p>ts1 su* z roots & leaves by :i* !     
mat]ials = m  food c be obta9$ f ! soil 
& air4 ,n[ x happ5s t !  food ( plants  
is pretty mu* ! same z ! food ( animals1
 al?\gh  !re is ?is m>k$ diff]5ce 9 !   
mann] ( procur+ x3 plants  c con/ruct _!
 own food f inorganic or m9]al matt]s   
tak5  f ! e>? & atmosph]e1 :ile animals1
 ev5 ^? :i* are mo/  l plants1 mu/ h _! 
supply ( food f organic nature4         
,s9ce1 !n1 plants prep>e ! food :i*     
animals are to use 7(  c\rse fle%-eat+  
animals use _! plants1 s to speak1 at   
second-h&71 x comes to pass v naturally 
t ! food 9 a good  _m se$s has be5      
recogniz$ f e>ly times z v useful food  
= man4 ,?us ! c]eals--:eat1 maize1 oats1
 b>ley1 & rice--are  ! se$s ( grasses2 &
 !re are _m o!r se$s1 su* z beans1      
peas1 buck:eat1 & s on1 :i* h be5       
appropriat$ z food by man  f remote     
antiquity4 ,b ! se$s ( "s plants are    

unfit = human  food1 ow+ to disagreeable
 prop]ties :i* !y possess2 :ile !re  are
 a few :i* /& on ! v edge ( ! limit (   
foods1 & h  be5 us$ 9 "t ( sc>city4     
,! se$s ( at lea/ two plants are us$ z  
important adjuncts to  our li/ ( foods1 
& c be enum]at$ among foods )\t any     
impropriety4 ,^! are c(fee & cocoa4 ,!y 
conta9 nutritive  prop]ties1--! latt] 9 
v mu* high] degree ?an !  =m]1--& !y    
possess also peculi> con/itu5ts :i*     
entitle !m  to rank z luxuries4 ,^!     
peculi> con/itu5ts are 7#a7 flavor+     
matt]s1 & 7#b7 an active pr9ciple4 ,b1  
ei!r f its con/itution  or f its        
association 9 ! se$1 ! active pr9ciple (
 c(fee1  al?\gh x has ne>ly or q ! same 
ultimate composition z !  active        
pr9ciple ( cocoa1 is unlike x 9 its     
effects4 ,! active  pr9ciple ( cocoa is 
sub/antially free1 z us$ 9 its          
prep>ations1  f any undesirable effects 
on ! n]v\s sy/em4 ,?is active  pr9ciple 
( cocoa is ,!obrom9e4    ,! ess5tials ( 
a p]fect food are 7#a7 a c]ta9 am\nt (  

c>bohydrates1 7#b7 ( album9oids1 & 7#c7 
c]ta9 m9]al matt]s1  ^! latt] be+       
sub/antially ! same 9 all se$s us$ z    
food4 ,9 cocoa ^! ?ree gr\ps are comb9$ 
9 prop] proportion  to con/itute a      
complete food1 b !re is sup]add$ !      
active  pr9ciple1 ,!obrom9e1 :i* places 
x at once 9 ! class (  luxuries z well z
 ( necess>y foods4    ,:5 cocoa-se$s are
 prep>$ prop]ly = food1 )\t do+ viol5ce 
to ! *emical relations ( ! diff]5t      
compon5ts1 a com=t+  nutritive article (
 ! highe/ value is obta9$4 ,?is ideal   
me?od  ( prep>ation is n a *emical      
tortur+ by ! addition ( =eign  +r$i5ts1 
z 9 ! alkali process1 b x consi/s 9 !   
complete  unlock+1 by p]fectly natural1 
me*anical means1 ( all ! virtues  ( !   
se$s4 ,we d n try to r5d] ! album9oids (
 :eat &  o!r gra9s soluble by means (   
ammonia1 soda1 or pota%1 nor d we  ?9k x
 desirable to increase ! solubility ( ! 
album9oids (  egg & meat by add+ cau/ic 
or c>bonat$ alkalies to !m be=e  !y are 
us$4 ,& yet *emical processes analog\s  

to ^! h be5  devis$ & are sometimes us$ 
) reg>d to cocoa4 ,9 mo/ cases  ^! add$ 
sub/ances are detect$ 9 ! increas$ am\nt
 ( m9]al  matt]s f\nd 9 ! a% aft] burn+ 
! prep>ation4 ,! am\nt (  a% 9 pure     
cocoa is ab\t f\r p] c5t4 ,any          
appreciable am\nt above  ?is may be     
attribut$ to ! admixture ( m9]al matt]s 
us$ 9 !  prep>ation4    ,! oil 9 pure   
*ocolate-se$s is ab\t fifty p] c5t ( !  
:ole  weight4 ,al?\gh ! oil is exce$+ly 
bl& & free f rancidity1  x has be5 f\nd 
exp$i5t 9 "s cases to )draw a "p ( ?is  
oil1 leav+ a small] am\nt 9 ! product4  
,?is is ! me?od  pursu$ 9 ! manufacture 
( ! p[d]$ cocoas4 ,) ?is r$uction  9 !  
quantity ( oil1 ! resultant bev]age is  
less likely to  disagree ) delicate     
dige/ion4    ,x is 9 all cases ( ! fir/ 
importance to obta9 only pure cocoa (  !
 highe/ quality1 free f any admixture ( 
=eign matt]1 su* z  ! alkalies or _!    
c>bonates2 & fur!r1 ! product ought to  
be  ( ! greate/ degree ( f95ess4 ,)     
reg>d to ! flavors add$  to *ocolate1 x 

is p]haps ne$less to say t !y %\ld be ( 
!  utmo/ degree ( purity4 ,?is is       
especially true ( vanilla1 :i*  ow+ to  
its high co/ is frequ5tly replac$ by    
artificial flavors4  ,!re is1 9 "o      
respect1 a notable diff]5ce betwe5 sweet
 *ocolate  & cocoa3 ! =m] may be        
flavor$1 ! latt] %\ld nev] be4 ,a  pure 
cocoa mu/ be absolutely dep5d5t on its  
own delici\s1 natural  odor & flavor4   
,no addition ( any sub/ance ( any k9d is
 admissible4            ,,sugge/ions    
,,relative ,,to    ,,! ,,cook+ ,,(      
,,*ocolate ,,& ,,cocoa4      ,,by ,,mrs4
 ,,ell5 ,h4 ,,ri*>ds1      ,( !         
,massa*usetts ,in/itute ( ,te*nology4   
,! flavor ( ! cocoa-bean seems to be    
almo/ univ]sally lik$1  & ! use ( !     
v>i\s prep>ations made f x is con/antly 
increas+4 ,f ! sweet *ocolate ) :i* !   
travell] n[  provides himself 9 all     
j\rneys 9 :i* ! supply ( food is        
d\btful ei!r 9 quantity or quality1 to  
delicate color+ &  flavor+ ( cakes &    
ices1 ne>ly all k9ds ( cul9>y           

prep>ations  h b5efit$ by ! abundance ( 
?is favorite sub/ance4    ,9 ^! =ms1    
*ocolate is us$ 9 a semi-raw /ate1 !    
bean hav+  be5 simply roa/$ at a g5tle  
heat1 gr\nd1 & mix$ ) sug>1  :i* holds !
 fat4 ,by v>y+ ! quantity ( ! *ocolate  
to be  mix$ ) ! +r$i5ts ( ! cake or ice1
 an unlimit$ v>iety (  flavors c be     
obta9$4    ,9 prep>+ x z a bev]age = !  
table a mi/ake has be5  frequ5tly made 9
 consid]+ *ocolate m]ely z a flavor1 an 
adjunct  to ! re/ ( ! meal1 in/ead (    
giv+ x its due prom95ce z a  real food1 
conta9+ all ( ! necess>y nutritive      
pr9ciples4 ,a cup  ( *ocolate made )    
sug> & milk is 9 itself a fair breakfa/4
    ,!re is mu* to be said 9 favor (    
prep>ations ( ! :ole bean  :i* secure   
all ( ! valuable nutrition conta9$ 9 ?is
 8food  = ! gods10 & rightly und]/ood1 x
 is possible to make !m  m important    
articles ( diet ?an !y n[ are4 ,b s9ce !
 l>ge  p]c5tage ( fat seems to require  
correspond+ly l>ge quantities (  sug> to
 r5d] ! bev]age palatable1 & ?is v ri*1 

sweet dr9k  soon cloys if made /rong    
en\gh to be nutriti\s1 x is1 =tunately1 
possible to extract ! l>g] "p ( ! fat   
)\t injury to !  flavor s *>act]i/ic (  
*ocolate4 ,9 ?is =m1 call$ cocoa1 less  
sug> & m milk are ne$$1 & ! result+     
bev]age suits ev5  delicate /oma*s1 & is
 yet ( high food value4    ,x is !      
object ( all cook+ to r5d] raw mat]ial m
 palatable  & m nutriti\s1 & !re=e m    
dige/ible4 ,! cook+  ( cocoa & *ocolate 
is no exception to ?is rule4 ,c]ta9     
extractive pr9ciples are soluble only 9 
wat] :i* has rea*$ !  boil+-po9t2 & !   
/>*1 :i* ! se$ conta9s1 is swoll5 only  
at ?is temp]ature4    ,*ocolate or cocoa
 is n prop]ly cook$ by hav+ boil+ wat]  
p\r$ ov] x4 ,x is true t z ! :ole p[d]  
is 9 susp5sion  & is swall[$1 its food  
mat]ial c be assimilat$ z x is :5  !    
prep>$ *ocolate is eat5 raw2 b 9 ord] to
 br+ out !  full1 f9e flavor & to secure
 ! mo/ complete dige/ibility1 !         
prep>ation1 :atev] x be1 %\ld be        
subject$ to ! boil+-po9t  = a few       

m9utes4 ,9 ?is all connoisseurs are     
agre$4          ,,receipts4    ,,by     
,,miss ,,p>loa4      ,,pla9 ,,*ocolate4 
,= six p1 use "o qu>t ( milk1 two ounces
 ( ,w4 ,bak]  ,co4's  ,no4 #a *ocolate1 
"o tablespoonful ( corn-/>*1 ?ree       
tablespoonfuls  ( sug>1 & two           
tablespoonfuls ( hot wat]4    ,mix !    
corn-/>* ) "o gill ( ! milk4 ,put !     
rema9d] (  ! milk on to heat 9 !        
d\ble-boil]4 ,:5 ! milk comes to !      
boil+-po9t /ir 9 ! corn-/>*1 & cook = t5
 m9utes4  ,h ! *ocolate cut 9 f9e bits &
 put x 9 a small iron or  granite-w>e   
pan2 add ! sug> & wat]1 & place ! pan   
ov] a hot  fire4 ,/ir con/antly until ! 
mixture is smoo? & glossy4 ,add ?is  to 
! hot milk & beat ! mixture ) a :isk    
until x is fro?y4  ,or ! *ocolate may be
 p\r$ back & =? f ! boil] to a  pit*]1  
hold+ high ! vessel f :i* y p\r4 ,?is w 
give a  ?ick fro?4 ,s]ve at once4    ,if
 y pref] n to h ! *ocolate ?ick1 omit ! 
corn-/>*4      ,,*ocolate ,,made ,,)    
,,cond5s$ ,,milk4    ,foll[ ! rule =    

pla9 *ocolate1 sub/itut+ wat] = ! milk1 
& add+ ?ree tablespoonfuls ( cond5s$    
milk :5 ! *ocolate is  add$4            
,,*ocolate2 ,,vi5na ,,/yle4    ,use f\r 
ounces ( vanilla *ocolate1 "o qu>t (    
milk1 ?ree  tablespoonfuls ( hot wat]1 &
 "o tablespoonful ( sug>4    ,cut !     
*ocolate 9 f9e bits4 ,put ! milk on !   
/ove 9 !  d\ble-boil]1 & :5 x has be5   
heat$ to ! boil+-po9t1 put  ! *ocolate1 
sug>1 & wat] 9 a small iron or          
granite-w>e pan  & /ir ov] a hot fire   
until smoo? & glossy4 ,/ir ?is mixture  
into ! hot milk1 & beat well ) a :isk4  
,s]ve at once1 putt+ a  tablespoonful ( 
:ipp$ cream 9 ea* cup & !n fill+ up ) ! 
*ocolate4    ,! pla9 *ocolate may be us$
 in/ead ( ! vanilla1 b 9  t case use a  
teaspoonful ( vanilla extract & ?ree    
g5]\s  tablespoonfuls ( sug> in/ead (   
"o4      ,,breakfa/ ,,cocoa4            
,breakfa/ cocoa is p[d]$ s f9e t x c be 
dissolv$ by p\r+  boil+ wat] on x4 ,=   
?is reason x is (t5 prep>$ at ! table4  
,a small teaspoonful ( ! p[d] is put 9 !

 cup ) a teaspoonful  ( sug>2 on ?is is 
p\r$ two-?irds ( a cupful ( boil+ wat]1 
& milk or cream is add$ to suit !       
individual ta/e4 ,?is is v  conv5i5t2 b 
cocoa is n ne>ly s good :5 prep>$ 9 ?is 
mann] z :5 x is boil$4    ,= six cupfuls
 ( cocoa use two tablespoonfuls ( !     
p[d]1 two  tablespoonfuls ( sug>1 half a
 p9t ( boil+ wat]1 & a p9t & a  half (  
milk4 ,put ! milk on ! /ove 9 !         
d\ble-boil]4 ,put !  cocoa & sug> 9 a   
saucepan & gradually p\r ! hot wat] ^u  
!m1 /irr+ all ! "t4 ,place ! saucepan on
 ! fire & /ir  until ! cont5ts boil4    
,let ?is mixture boil = five m9utes2 !n 
add ! boil+ milk1 & s]ve4    ,a gill (  
cream is a great addition to ?is cocoa4 
,,*ocolate ,,cake4    ,= two %eets (    
cake use ?ree ounces ( ,w4 ,bak]  ,co4's
 ,no4 #a  *ocolate1 ?ree eggs1 "o cupful
 & ?ree-f\r?s ( sift$ pa/ry  fl\r1 "o   
cupful & ?ree-f\r?s ( sug>1 half a      
cupful ( butt]1  half a cupful ( milk1  
half a teaspoonful ( vanilla extract1 "o
  teaspoonful & a half ( bak+ p[d]4     

,grate ! *ocolate4 ,beat ! butt] to a   
cream & gradually beat 9  ! sug>4 ,beat 
9 ! milk & vanilla1 !n ! eggs 7already  
well  beat571 next ! *ocolate1 & f9ally 
! fl\r1 9 :i* ! bak+  p[d] %\ld be mix$4
 ,p\r into two well-butt]$ %all[        
cake-pans4  ,bake = tw5ty-five m9utes 9 
a mod]ate ov54 ,fro/ or n1 z y  l4      
,,vanilla ,,fro/+4    ,break ! :ite ( "o
 l>ge egg into a b[l1 & gradually beat  
into  x "o cupful ( confection]'s sug>4 
,beat = ?ree m9utes1 add half  a        
teaspoonful ( vanilla extract1 & spread 
?9ly on ! cakes4      ,,*ocolate ,,ic+4 
,make a vanilla ic+ & add "o            
tablespoonful ( cold wat] to x4  ,scrape
 f9e "o ounce ( ,no4 #a *ocolate & put x
 9 a small iron or  granite-w>e saucepan
 ) two tablespoonfuls ( confection]'s   
sug>  & "o tablespoonful ( hot wat]4    
,/ir ov] a hot fire until smoo?  &      
glossy1 !n add ano!r tablespoonful ( hot
 wat]4 ,/ir !  dissolv$ *ocolate into ! 
vanilla ic+4      ,,*ocolate            
,,ice-,,cream4    ,= ab\t two qu>ts & a 

half ( cream use a p9t & a half (  milk1
 a qu>t ( ?9 cream1 two cupfuls ( sug>1 
two ounces ( ,no4 #a  *ocolate1 two     
eggs1 & two heap+ tablespoonfuls ( fl\r4
    ,put ! milk on to boil 9 !          
d\ble-boil]4 ,put ! fl\r & "o  cupful ( 
! sug> 9 a b[l2 add ! eggs1 & beat !    
mixture until  light4 ,/ir ?is into !   
boil+ milk & cook = tw5ty m9utes1  /irr+
 (t54    ,scrape ! *ocolate & put x 9 a 
small saucepan4 ,add f\r  tablespoonfuls
 ( sug> 7:i* %\ld be tak5 f ! second    
cupful7  & two tablespoonfuls ( hot     
wat]4 ,/ir ov] a hot fire until smoo?  &
 glossy4 ,add ?is to ! cook+ mixture4   
,:5 ! prep>ation has cook$ = tw5ty      
m9utes take x f !  fire & add ! rema9d] 
( ! sug> & ! cream1 :i* %\ld be         
gradually beat5 into ! hot mixture4 ,set
 away to cool1 & :5 cold1  freeze4      
,,*ocolate ,,pudd+4    ,= a small pudd+ 
use "o p9t ( milk1 two tablespoonfuls & 
a half  ( corn-/>*1 "o ounce ( *ocolate1
 two eggs1 five tablespoonfuls  ( p[d]$ 
sug>1 "o-f\r? ( a teaspoonful ( salt1 & 

half a  teaspoonful ( vanilla extract4  
,mix ! corn-/>* ) "o gill ( ! milk4 ,put
 ! rema9d] (  ! milk on to boil 9 !     
d\ble-boil]4 ,scrape ! *ocolate4 ,:5  ! 
milk boils1 add ! corn-/>*1 salt1 &     
*ocolate1 & cook  = t5 m9utes4 ,beat !  
yolks ( ! eggs ) ?ree tablespoonfuls  ( 
! sug>4 ,p\r ! hot mixture on ?is & beat
 well4 ,turn into a  pudd+-di% t w hold 
ab\t a qu>t1 & bake = tw5ty m9utes  9 a 
mod]ate ov54    ,beat ! :ites ( ! eggs  
to a /iff1 dry fro?1 & gradually beat  9
 ! rema9+ two tablespoonfuls ( sug> & ! 
vanilla4 ,spread  ?is on ! pudd+ &      
return to ! ov54 ,cook = fifte5 m9utes  
long]1 b ) ! ov5-door op54 ,s]ve ei!r   
cold or hot4      ,,bav>ian ,,*ocolate  
,,cream4    ,= "o l>ge m\ld ( cream1 use
 half a package ( gelat9e1 "o gill  (   
milk1 two qu>ts ( :ipp$ cream1 "o gill (
 sug>1 & "o ounce  ( *ocolate4    ,soak 
! gelat9e 9 ! cold wat] = two h\rs4 ,:ip
 & dra9 !  cream1 scrape ! *ocolate1 &  
put ! milk on to boil4 ,put !  *ocolate1
 two tablespoonfuls ( sug>1 & "o ( hot  

wat]1 9 a  small saucepan1 & /ir on a   
hot fire until smoo? & glossy4 ,/ir  ?is
 into ! hot milk4 ,n[ add ! soak$       
gelat9e & ! rema9d]  ( ! sug>4 ,/ra9 ?is
 mixture into a bas9 t w hold two  qu>ts
 or m4 ,place ! bas9 9 a pan ( ice-wat] 
& /ir until  ! mixture is cold1 :5 x w  
beg9 to ?ick54 ,in/antly beg9 to  /ir 9 
! :ipp$ cream1 add+ half ! am\nt at     
fir/4 ,:5 all  ! cream has be5 add$1 dip
 ! m\ld 9 cold wat] & !n turn !  cream  
into x4 ,place 9 ! ice-*e/ = an h\r or  
m4    ,at s]v+-"t dip ! m\ld 9 tepid    
wat]4 ,see t ! cream w  come f ! sides (
 ! m\ld1 & turn out on a flat di%4 ,s]ve
  ) :ipp$ cream4