,illu/ration3 ,w4 ,b4 ,scott4 ,pa9t] ,illman ,bro!rs ,engrav]s ,pr9t]s ,,progress ,,( ,,?\ght4 ,,engrav$ ,,expressly ,,= ,,error',s ,,*a9s4 ,,error',s ,,*a9s3 ,,h[ ,,=g$ ,,& ,,brok54 ,a ,,comp>ative ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,national1 ,,social ,,& ,,religi\s ,,errors ,,t ,,mank9d ,,has ,,fall5 ,,into ,,& ,,practis$ ,,f ,,! ,,creation ,,d[n ,,to ,,! ,,pres5t ,,"t4 ,,by ,,frank ,s4 ,,dobb9s1 ,,late ,,resid5t ,,( ,,yokohama1 ,,japan1 ,,assi/$ ,,by ,,hon4 ,s4 ,,wells ,,williams1 ,,ll4,d41 ,,& ,,pr(4 ,,isaac ,,hall1 ,,ll4,b41 ,ph4,d4 ,! =m] =ty ye>s resid5t 9 ,*9a1 late ,pr(4 ( ,*9ese ,language & ,lit]ature 9 ,yale ,college1 ,conn41 ,au?or ( 8,! ,middle ,k+dom0 ! ,/&>d ,lexico ( ,*9a1 etc41 etc41 ,presid5t ( ! ,am]ican ,bible ,society1 etc42 ! latt] an em95t ,ori5tali/ & late ,pr(essor ( ! ,college ( ,beirut1 ,syria1 n[ ,associate ( ! ,am]ican ,ori5tal ,society & ! ,london ,society ( ,biblical ,ar*ologyy ,associate ,editor ( ! 8,sunday-,s*ool ,times10 etc4 ,,magnific5tly ,,illu/rat$4 ,,?irty-,,n9? ,,edition4 ,,willey ,,bro!rs ,,co41 ,,new ,,york4 #ahhf4 ,copyright1 ,,frank ,s4 ,,dobb9s1 #ahhc4 ,,preface4 ,! /ory ( ! _w's wor%ip is a /ory ( absorb+ int]e/4 ,! odd & ! curi\s1 ! en*ant+ & ! revolt+ are ea* factors ( hea!n devotion4 ,we well rememb] ) :at exhau/less int]e/ we look$ 9 *ildhood at /range pictures ( idols & temples1 & li/5$ to ! read+ ( tales ab\t ! hea!n4 ,:5 ! celebrat$ ,dr4 ,alex&] ,duff 0 a little boy1 8 fa!r 0 accu/om$ on ,sabba? aft]noons to %[ him pictures ( idols1 & to expla9 _! hi/ories4 ,s vividly did ! pictures & _! /ories impress ! boy1 t :5 he became a man he left ,scotl& & w5t to labor = ! hea!n ( ,india4 ,! subject is inde$ int5sely int]e/+4 ,e nation has its ,god1 or gods1 & its correspond+ =ms ( wor%ip4 ,no?+ lies s close to ! he>t ( mank9d z its religi\s fai?4 ,religion 9 "s =m is int]wov5 ) ! entire fabric ( human hi/ory4 ,x conc]ns man's de>e/ pleasures1 8 fonde/ hopes1 & 8 highe/ aspirations4 ,man mu/ wor%ip4 ,x is "p ( 8 nature to wor%ip4 ,h5ce1 f ! mo/ civiliz$ ,european to ! half-civiliz$ ,*9aman1 & ev5 d[n to ! degrad$ ,hott5tot2 9 all /ages ( man's exi/5ce1 among all races & classes1 "s =m ( wor%ip is f\nd4 ,no?+ surely c int]e/ u m ?an ! /ory ( t fai? 9 :i* our fell[-creatures h liv$ & di$4 ,x is because ! au?or believes t ! subject ( false gods & idol wor%ip is s int]e/+1 & because he hopes to furni% "s mu*-ne$$ in=mation on ?is topic1 t he has und]tak5 ! pres5t "w4 ,!re is no "o book t cov]s ?is gr\nd4 ,!re are _m volumes cov]+ v>i\s phases ( ! religi\s sy/ems ( hea!ndom1 b !re is n "o t deals compreh5sively ) all religions1 ext9ct or exi/+1 except inde$ x be ^? suit$ only to /ud5ts & to le>n$ m54 ,! aim 9 ?is volume is to pres5t ! subject 9 a popul> /yle1 suit$ to ! av]age read] ( our l&4 ,x is propos$ to make a book to be read 9 ! family & by ! fireside4 ,! v be/ works ( ! mo/ ?or\gh /ud5ts ( ! non-,*ri/ian religi\s sy/ems h be5 consult$1 & ! au?or has freely avail$ himself ( ! results ( _! labors4 ,if due ackn[l$gm5t is n always made ( ! aid ?us receiv$1 x is because he deem$ x be/ n to multiply ref]5ces & because he has s frequ5tly f\nd x necess>y to translate s*ola/ic & te*nical phrases us$ by ^! au?ors into language famili> to ! g5]al read]4 ,among ^? ^: works ! au?or has consult$ are1 ,max ,mll] & ,h>dwicke on ,comp>ative ,my?ology2 ,wilk9son on ! ,anci5t ,egyptians2 ,l5ormant on ,assyria & ,babylon2 ,haug on ! ,p>sees2 ,moni] ,williams on ,h9duism2 ,rhys-,davids1 & ,b>!lemy ,/4 ,hilaire on ,buddhism1 & ,edw9 ,arnold's p>aphrase ( ,buddha's life 9 8 8,light ( ,asia20 ,humboldt on ,c5tral ,am]ica2 ,s*oolcraft on ! ,am]ican ,indians2 ,wyatt ,gill & ,"l ,grey on ! ,pacific ,isl&s2 ,legge1 ,edk9s & ,s4 ,wells ,williams on ! ,*9ese2 ,griffis & ,sir ,edw>d ,re$ on ,japan2 & ,/anley & ,liv+/one on ,africa4 ,beside ^! he has d]iv$ great help f 8,! ,t\r ( ! ,_w ) ,g5]al ,grant10 & ,dr4 ,h4 ,m4 ,field's 8,f ,egypt to ,japan40 ,9 addition he has consult$ q a ho/ ( o!r au?ors 9 works ( travel1 & 9 ! translations ( v>i\s sacr$ books4 ,9 all p>ts ( 8 "w ! au?or has s\ght to pres5t def9ite in=mation1 c>efully arrang$1 tru?fully told1 & cle>ly & int]e/+ly /at$4 ,he has aim$ to %[ ! orig91 developm5t & spread ( ea* non-,*ri/ian religi\s sy/em2 & to give an acc\nt ( _! gods & goddesses1 temples1 %r9es1 idols1 sacr$ places1 sup]/iti\s cu/oms1 leg5ds1 my?s1 dome/ic wor%ip & ! innum]able peculi>ities ( _! daily religi\s life4 ,! "w is fully illu/rat$ by accurate1 & 9 _m cases1 exp5sive engrav+s4 ,! book is n made m]ely to sell4 ,s5sational /atem5ts & m]e padd+ h be5 nei!r add$ nor borr[$4 ,! au?or has n drawn ^u 8 imag9ation 9 ! lea/4 ,he has told a /ory :i*1 ?\gh sometimes /rang] ?an fiction1 is nev]!less solid fact & n baseless fancy4 ,let x be rememb]$ t ?is is a pione] "w4 ,! au?or has _h to blaze 8 pa?way ?r\gh a trackless =e/4 ,he has _h no guide4 ,he s9c]ely hopes t by its p]usal 8 read]s w be l$ to an increas$ appreciation ( ! inf9ite sup]iority ( ,*ri/ianity to all o!r religions2 & t !y may f9d a deep5$ int]e/ 9 ! welf>e ( ! hea!n _w4 ,x has be5 ! purpose ( ! au?or & ! publi%]s to place ! subject-matt] ( ?is volume )9 ! ready rea* ( all :o consult x4 ,an exhau/ive ,table ( ,cont5ts has be5 giv5 !re=e1 9 :i* ! *apt] titles & all ! sub-head+s ( ! *apt]s w be f\nd4 ,a full index ( ! prop] names & pr9cipal topics ( ! book is also add$1 by means ( :i* x is believ$ any desir$ subject treat$ 9 ! volume c readily be f\nd4 ,by su* means z ^! ! book has be5 made z complete & z useful z pati5t labor c make x4 ,?anks are specially due to ,pr(essor ,isaac ,h4 ,hall1 :o n only gave c>eful consid]ation to ! subjects specially "u 8 c>e1 b :o 9 addition read all ! ,,ms41 & gave ! b5efit ( 8 ext5d$ le>n+ & excell5t judgm5t at e po9t4 ,to ,pr(essor ,s4 ,wells ,williams also1 ! au?or desires to make public ackn[l$gm5t4 ,?\gh burd5$ ) _m on]\s duties1 yet he gave 8 close/ att5tion to ! *apt]s on ^? mu* misund]/ood nations1 ,*9a & ,japan1 & f ! ri* /ores ( 8 own ext5sive & well-dige/$ k1 he made su* sugge/ions z prov$ ( ine/imable value4 ,to ! ,publi%]s1 :o 7 ev] ready to meet ! au?or's l>ge/ desires1 8 ?anks are especially due4 ,)\t su* g5]\s support ! volume mu/ h fall5 f> bel[ its pres5t excell5ce4 ,inde$1 all conc]n$ 9 ! production ( ! book h prov$ !mselves true help]s1 to :om au?or & read]s alike w be l>gely indebt$4 ,f4 ,s4 ,,dobb9s4 ,,/eel-,,plate ,,engrav+s4 ,,page ,,frontispiece1 #b ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,t5 ,,?\s& ,,idols1 #dg ,,h9du ,,fakirs ,,practic+ ,,_! ,,sup]/iti\s ,,rites1 #bag ,,! ,,h9du ,,"m1 #bcd ,,! ,,fulfillm5t ,,( ,,prophecy1 #dih ,a ,,sc5e ,,on ,,! ,,jumna ,,riv]1 #gfj ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,preface1 #e ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations1 #ag ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,_w',s ,,fir/ ,,wor%ip4 ,te/imony ( an old record & ( language--,ano!r witness3 comp>ative religion--,! /ory ( ! ma/] ?ief--,! /ory ( ,rhamps9itos--,! /ory ( ! poor mason--,! /ory ( ! %ifty lad--,exodus ( ! nations1 #cc ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,:5ce ,,came ,,! ,,_m ,,gods ,,& ,,idols8 ,s\rces ( in=mation--,! transition--,! fir/ hymns & pray]s--,:]e did idol-wor%ip come f1 #dg ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,sacr$ ,,& ,,hea!n ,,traditions4 ,traditions ( ,creation--,traditions ( ! ,deluge--,! ,*aldean /ory--,! ,h9du tradition--,! ,*9ese tradition--,! ,mexican leg5d--,! ,fiji-,isl&]'s tradition--,am]ican ,indian traditions--,! ,greek /ory--,*aldean /ory ( ! ,t[] ( ,babel--,:at has ! ,bible to say ab\t idolatry8 #fc ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,subject ,,9 ,a ,,nut%ell4 ,me?ods ( gr\p+ religions--,dead religions & liv+ religions--,orig9al religions & re=m$ religions--,dead religions--,liv+ wor%ips--,! propos$ treatm5t--,a concise view--,p>seeism--,african religion--,we/]n ,europe--,! ,s\!rn migration--,buddhism--,*9a's religions--,%9toism 9 ,japan--,mohamm$anism--,*ri/ianity's conque/s1 #gg ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,l& ,,( ,,! ,,sph9x4 ,hidd5 hi/ory--,! hi]oglyphics--,"s ,egyptian gods--,animal wor%ip--,mummies--,! celebrat$ book ( ! dead--,egyptian wor%ip1 #ic ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,*aldeans4 ,! great ,*aldean hi/orian--,ru9$ monum5ts--,a libr>y ( brick books--,mann]s & cu/oms--,! religion ( ,assyria--,! supreme god1 ,ilu--,! ,assyrian triad--,! gods ( ! planets--,! great goddess ,i%t>--,! ,g5ii ( ,assyria--,wor%ip ( ! gods at ,babylon1 #aai ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,jews4 ,! plagues & ,egyptian idolatry--,! gold5 calf--,baal-wor%ip1 #ach ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,greece4 ,orig9 ( ! _w & ( ! gods--,! g5]ations ( ! gods--,gods ( ! ,grecians--,specim5 /ories f ,greek my?ology--,h]mes & ,apollo--,! ,lotus-eat]s & ! ,cyclops--,h]cules' twelve tasks--,! ,phidian ,jupit]--,grecian temples & wor%ip ( ,paul's day--,! city cr[d$ ) idols--,diana ( ! ,ephesians1 #aej ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,rome4 ,! ,etruscan religion--,! ,sabellian religion--,! gods ( ! ,romans--,fa!r ,jove--,! ,matron goddess--,! goddess ( s*ools--,! goddess ( ! he>?--,c]es & ,lib]--,! gods ( beg9n+s--,rome's less] gods--,! ,roman empire1 #agc ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,our ,,ance/ors4 ,anci5t ,brita9--,! ,druids--,wond]ful resemblance--,wor%ip ( ! ,druids--,temple ( ! ,hang+ ,/ones--,human sacrifices--,! de/ruction ( ,druidism--,:o fir/ br\ght ,*ri/ianity to ,brita9--,paganism ( ! ,saxons--,saxon gods--,saxon sacrifices--,fairy-lore ( ,we/]n ,europe--,an ,elf9 ,/ory--,! p5it5t ,nis--,nixes--,! ,peasant & ! ,wat]man--,! wond]ful little p\*--,*ri/ianiz+ ! ,saxons1 #ahe ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,india4 ,sket* ( ,brahm9ism--,! gods ( ,h9duism--,/ory ( ! ,sages' se>*--,c ! gods die8--,sects ( ,h9duism--,pr9ciples ( ,h9duism--,human be+s kill$ 9 sacrifice--,h[ ,h9duism reg>ds woman1 #baj ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,h9du ,,temples1 ,,idols ,,& ,,wor%ip4 ,idols & temples ( ,jugg]naut--,kali1 ! ,goddess ( ,blood--,temple ,decorations--,b5>es--,! sacr$ city ( ! ,sikhs--,cave-temples ( ,elephanta & ,gwalior--,gane%a1 ,god ( ,wisdom--,pagodas--,h9du wa%+s = s9--,h9du holy m51 devotees & fakirs1 #bcb ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,h9du ,,sacr$ ,,books1 ,,fairy ,,/ories ,,& ,,fireside ,,tales4 ,! ,v$ic hymns--,! law-book ( ,manu--,degradation ( wom5 accord+ to ,manu's laws--,! burn+ ( wid[s comm&$ by ,manu--,! god ,vi%nu made man--,a ,sanskrit /ory-book--,! /ory ( ! t]rible bell--,! /ory ( ! lion & ! old h>e--,! /ory ( ! ,brahm9 & ! pans--,! /ory ( ! recluse & ! m\se1 #bhh ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,japan4 ,! sacr$ books ( ,japan--,japanese /ory ( creation--,! emp]ors desc5d$ f ! gods--,! sun-goddess entic$ f ! cave--,%9to wor%ip1 #cje ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,popul> ,,gods ,,& ,,%r9es ,,( ,,%9toism4 ,! sev5 h\sehold gods--,! sacr$ m\nta9--,%9to temples & gate-ways--,! sacr$ %r9es ( ,ise1 #cba ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,d>k ,,cont95t4 ,african belief 9 a god or gods--,pray+ = ra9--,! ,hott5tots' god1 ,g\nja-,g\nja--,! ,bu%m5's god--,zulu tradition ( ! orig9 ( m5--,good & bad spirits--,! _s 9 ! insect--,feti* wor%ip--,a horrible feti*--,/anley & ! ,africans' fe> ( feti*--,wit*craft1 #cda ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,! 8,,great ,,_s0 ,,( ,,am]ica4 ,! ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica--,! ,great ,_s--,wor%ip ( ance/ors--,indian leg5ds--,! 8,song ( ,hiawa?a0--,indian allegory ( w9t] & spr+--,alaskans' wor%ip ( evil spirits--,indian sun-wor%ip--,amazon sun-wor%ip--,! ,araucanians--,patagonia--,! ,aztecs--,anci5t ,aztec idol--,! ,incas1 #cfb ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,idolatry ,,9 ,,oceanica4 ,! deprav$ condition ( ! ,papuans--,! pagan ,polynesians--,tradition>y orig9 ( human prie/hood--,polynesian notion ( ! sun & moon--,! fire-god's song1 #chg ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,! ,,k>5s ,,& ,,_! ,,traditions4 ,! ,k>5s n idolat]s--,wor%ip ( ,yuah--,a s+ul> tradition--,! dog :o ate ! book--,fun]al s]vices--,mrs4 ,v9ton's lett]1 #dja ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,fire-,,wor%ip]s4 ,zoroa/]1 ! ,prophet ( ,ormazd--,zoroa/]'s wor%ip ( "o ,god--,ormazd & ,ahriman--,f9d+ ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a--,! ,p>see ,bible--,p>see wor%ip1 #djg ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,! ,,*9ese ,,philosoph]1 ,,lao-,,tsze4 ,*9ese contr>ieties & language--,! ?ree ,*9ese religions--,! old boy--,! talisman ( long life--,! visit ( ,confucius to ,lao-,tsze--,! voyage 9 se>* ( ! talisman ( long life1 #daf ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,! ,,taoi/ ,,sacr$ ,,books ,,& ,,gods4 ,! book ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts--,"s selections f ! book ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts--,! book ( secret bless+s--,! gods ( ! ,taoi/s--,! god ( lett]s--,*>ms--,kwan-te1 ,god ( ,w>--,tsai-%91 ! ,god ( ,ri*es--,taoi/ sup]/itions1 #dbh ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,confucius ,,& ,,! ,,classics4 ,! backgr\nd ( ! picture--,! /ory ( ! sage's life--,tea*+s & writ+s ( ! ,*9ese sage--,! wisdom ( ! sage1 #dde ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,confucian ,,temples ,,& ,,wor%ip4 ,! wor%ip ( ,%ang-te1 at ,pek+--,temple ( ,confucius--,exam9ations 9 ! sacr$ books--,anecdotes ( /ud5ts--,h[ ,m5cius's "m incit$ h] son to /udy--,h[ a tir$ /ud5t 0 l$ back to 8 /udies--,! little sage :o hid fire to light 8 lamp--,an example ( a /udi\s ance/or--,! /ud5t ) a r\nd /ick = a pill[1 #dfj ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,home-,,life ,,"u ,,confucianism4 ,c]emony ( turn+ ! bridge-ladd]--,wor%ip ( ance/ors at a w$d+--,"m1 ,goddess ( ,*ildr5--,tea*+ a *ild to wor%ip idols--,! /ory ( ,ma-*u1 ,goddess ( ! ,sailors1 #dgh ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,buddha1 ,,! 8,,light ,,( ,,asia40 ,! /ory ( ,gautama1 ! f\nd] ( ,buddhism--,gautama's f\r visions--,! great r5unciation--,gautama becomes an ascetic--,! 8,light ( ,asia0 & ! 8,light ( ! ,_w10 #dih ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,! ,,buddhi/ ,,bible1 ,,! 8,,?ree ,,baskets10 ,,& ,,its ,,tea*+s4 ,! ,buddhi/ way ( salvation--,:at is ,nirvana8--,buddhi/ morals--,"s ( ! 8foot/eps ( ! law0--,buddhi/ beatitudes1 #eac ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,! ,,gr[? ,,( ,,buddhism--,,! ,,buddhi/ ,,ord] ,,( ,,m5dicants4 ,! ,sangha1 or ,buddhi/ ,bro!rhood--,! initiation c]emony--,rules ( ! ,ord]--,daily life ( a monk--,! ?ree great ,buddhi/ c\ncils--,buddhagho%a1 ! fam\s monk & mission>y--,! /ory ( ,k+ ,kakavanna--,buddhi/ c\rtesies ( ! pres5t day1 #ebb ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,india ,,& ,,ceylon4 ,! fam\s ,topes--,! great ,san*i ,tope--,ceylonese ,buddhism--,! sacr$ ,bo-tree ( ,ceylon--,r$uc+ ! ,tripitaka to writ+--,buddhagho%a 9 ,ceylon--,a ,buddhi/ temple 9 ,ceylon--,! sacr$ ,ceylonese books1 #ecb ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,burmah4 ,! ,%way-da-gong pagoda--,! /ory ( ,%way-da-gong--,o!r pagodas--,wor%ip ( nats--,a nat /ory--,sup]/itions ( ! ,burmese--,! fun]al ( a pongyee or monk1 #eee ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,siam4 ,! celebrat$ ,wat ,*ang pagoda--,temple ( ! ,em]ald ,idol--,wor%ip ( ! :ite elephant--,ru9s ( ! great temple ( ,nagkon ,wat--,"s o!r temples1 #ege ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,?ibet4 ,sket* ( ! hi/ory ( ,lamaism--,monks & mona/]ies--,temple at ,te%u ,lumbo mona/]y--,s]vices at ! ,h',lassa ca!dral--,pray+-:eels--,! my/ic s5t5ce ( ,?ibet--,! inc>nation ( ,buddha 9 ! ,gr& ,lama--,! ,lamai/ ,bible1 #eih ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,,*9a--cont9u$4 ,pagodas--,*9ese ,buddhi/ temples--,! wor%ip ( ,kwan-y9--,! wor%ip ( ,kum-,fa--,idols--,! ,temple ( ,horrors--,mona/]ies--,a ,monk's ,monum5t--,*9ese ,buddhi/ ,bonzes--,buddhi/ devotees--,c]emony ( ! ,wat]-lamps--,! ,d-no?+ sect ( ,re=m$ ,buddhi/s--,booldo1 ! ,buddhism ( ! ,cor5s1 #faa ,,*apt] ,,xxxiv4 ,,japan4 ,bodhidh>ma 9 ,japan--,! ,sun-*ild & 8 miracul\s deliv]ance--,fur!r hi/ory ( ,japan--,buddhi/ sects 9 ,japan--,! ,prote/ants ( ,buddhism--,kwanon's ,temple at ,asakusa1 ,tokio--,temple ( ,%iba1 9 ,tokio--,temple ( five hundr$ gods--,! ca/+ ( a ,temple ,bell--,! ,colossal ,idol1 ! ,kamakura ,dai ,butsu--,"s ,japanese gods--,japanese ,fe/ivals--,m\nt ,fuji-,yama--,cu/oms conc]n+ bir?1 m>riage & dea?--,"s ,japanese sup]/itions--,religion ( ! ,a9os1 #fef ,,*apt] ,,xxxv4 ,,mohamm$anism4 ,ext5t ( ,mohamm$anism--,! ,arabian camel-driv] :o f\nd$ a great religion--,! ,prophet's y\? & e>ly manhood--,gabriel's message to ,mohamm$--,! flight ( ,mohamm$--,conv]ts made at ! sword's po9t--,mohamm$'s successors1 ! ,caliphs--,caliph ,om>--,! ,crusades--,! writ+ ( ! ,koran--,! tea*+ ( ! ,koran--,"s selections f ! ,koran--,mohamm$'s ,p>adise--,! ,koran on ! judgm5t1 #gai ,,*apt] ,,xxxvi4 ,,mohamm$an ,,mosques ,,& ,,wor%ip4 ,wor%ip 9 ! ,mosques--,! danc+ & h[l+ ,d]vi%es--,! sm>t & sm>t+ answ] ( a ,d]vi%--,daily wor%ip--,! ,mosque ( ,/4 ,sophia--,! ,jummah ,musjid at ,delhi1 ,india--,! ,taj ,mahal1 ! 8jewel ( ,india0--,pilgrimages & fe/ivals--,conclusion1 #gda ,,*apt] ,,xxxvii4 ,,w9n+ ,,! ,,_w ,,to ,,! ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,! ,,"o ,,god4 ,comp>ison ( hea!n religions & ,*ri/ianity--,:y %all we give ,*ri/ianity to ! _w--,a flight ov] ! battle-field--,position ( ! ,*ri/ian army1 #gfg ,,index1 #ggi ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations4 ,,page ,color$ ,map ( ,_w ,full ,page #cb ,anci5t ,s]p5t ,idol #dh ,t]aphim #eg ,dagon1 ! ,fi%-god #eh ,anci5t ,s]p5t ,idol #ei ,gr\p ( ,alt>s #fj ,idol f ,h9du/an ,full ,page #fa ,co9 ,repres5t+ ! ,deluge #ff ,comp>ative ,*>t ( all ,religions ,full ,page #ia ,ru9$ ,temples #ic ,rock ,temple ( ,ibsambul1 ,re/or$ #ie ,song ( ! ,?re%]s #if ,egyptian ,hi]oglyphics #ig ,pa%t1 ! ,cat-head$ ,god #ih ,"o ( ! =ms ( ,isis #ii ,crocodile ,god #ajj ,sc>abu #aja ,%r\d+ ( ! ,dead #ajc ,mummy ,case #ajc ,=ms ( ,mummy ,cases #ajd ,egyptian ,prie/ess #ajg ,av5ue ( ,sph9xes lead+ to a ,temple #aab ,gate-way ( ! ,anci5t ,egyptian ,temple ( ,k>nak #aac ,! ,s++ ,memnon #aad ,ru9s ( ,!bes ,full ,page #aae ,! ,sph9x & ! ,pyramids #aag ,/> ,wor%ip]s #abj ,babyloni% ,c(f9 & ,lid ( ,gre5 ,glaz$ ,pott]y #abb ,assyrian ,cunei=m ,lett]s #abd ,rob$ ,/atue #abe ,/atue ( ,oannes1 ! ,k+ #abi ,ad> ,/rangl+ ! ,lion #acj ,s>gon's ,palace1 ,re/or$ ,full ,page #acc ,human-head$ ,eagle-w+$ ,assyrian ,bull #ace ,sculptur$ ,locu/ #aci ,goddess ,a%tore?1 ,i%t> #ada ,phnician ,goddess ,a/>te #adb ,! ,ammonite ,fire ,god ,molo* #adc ,jehovah's ,triumph ov] ,baal #adg ,image ( ,jupit]1 by ,phidias ,full ,page #afe ,temple ( ,diana ( ,ephesus ,full ,page #agj ,m$al ( ,diana #aga ,jupit] ,tonans #agg ,janus #ahj ,anci5t ,druidic ,wor%ip at ,/oneh5ge1 ,engl& #aia ,gods ( our ,saxon ,ance/ors #aih ,sacrificial ,rites ( ! ,anci5t ,briti% ,druids #bjb ,anci5t ,h9du ,idol #baa ,devil ,wor%ip$ 9 ,t5nevelly #bac ,indra1 ,god ( ! ,atmosph]e #bad ,! ,?ree ,*ief ,h9du ,gods #bae ,bird's-eye view ( ! ,h9du ,temple at ,cawnpore #bai ,sculptur$ ,idols on a ,pill> #bba ,dy+ ,brahm9 hold+ ! tail ( ! ,sacr$ ,c[1 s z to ent] ,heav5 #bbc ,a ,ca/e-m>k$ ,brahm9 at 8 devotions #bbd ,god ( ,hell1 f a ,h9du picture #bbe ,amadeo1 ,god ( ,love #bbf ,tea*+ a *ild to wor%ip ,gane%a1 ! ,god ( ,wisdom #bbh ,a *ild br++ an (f]+ to ! ,idol ( a ,bull #bbi ,h9du ,woman #bca ,! mo/ ,sacr$ ,temple ( ,jugg]naut at ,puri #bcc ,wor%ip 9 ! ,temple ( ,kri%na1 or ,jugg]naut #bce ,h9du ,devotees dragg+ ,jugg]naut's ,c> & immolat+ !mselves #bcf ,! ,idol ,jugg]naut usually c>ri$ on ! c> #bch ,disrob+ & disjo9t+ ,jugg]naut #bci ,! ,goddess ,kali #bdj ,idol ( ,kali ,full ,page #bda ,a ,night ,fea/ ( ! ,bloody ,goddess1 ,kali #bdd ,goddess ,kali1 f a ,h9du ,picture #bde ,h9du ,notion ( ! ,univ]se #bdf ,gold5 ,temple ( ! ,h9dus ( ,umritsur #bdg ,entablature f a ,h9du ,temple #bdh ,*ildr5 ,wor%ip+ 9 ,temple at ,b5>es ,full ,page #bdi ,bas-relief f a ,h9du ,temple #bea ,causeway ( ! ,gold5 ,temple ,d\ble ,page #bed-e ,great ,idol ( ! ,cave ( ,m&>1 ,india #beh ,sc5e f ,cave ( ,elephanta ,full ,page #bei ,cave ( ,elephanta ,d\ble ,page #bfb-c ,image ( ,gane%a #bfe ,annual ,boat-fe/ival ( ,gane%a on ! ,ganges #bff ,wayside ,idol ( ,gane%a ,full ,page #bfg ,gate-way ( ,madura ,temple #bgj ,pagoda ( ,pondi*]ry1 fam$ = its ,sculpture #bga ,disus$ ,idols & sacr$ articles f ,ongole1 ,india #bgb ,bird's-eye view ( ,pagodas & ,temple ,gr\nds1 ,madras1 ,india ,full ,pages #bgd-e ,h9dus wa%+ 9 ! ,sacr$ ,riv] ,ganges at ,b5>es #bgg ,temple ( ! ,sacr$ ,f\nta9 #bgh ,fakir ( ! ,immovable ,foot #bgi ,! ,holy ,man ) ! ,iron ,coll> #bhj ,fakir ( ! ,long ,hair #bha ,a ,fakir1 :o nev] helps himself #bhb ,a ,h9du ,holy ,man tortur+ himself by hang+ f a hook #bhc ,fakir hang+ to a limb #bhd ,devotee endur+ fire #bhe ,fakir ( ! long nails ,full ,page #bhf ,h9du ,fe/ival ( ! ,new ,moon #bhi ,gu>ds ( ! ,h9du ,temple ,ay5> #bib ,h9du wom5 rescu$ f _! degradation ,full ,page #big ,! t5 inc>nations ( ,vi%nu #cjj ,! ,god creat$ f ,izanagi's /aff #caj ,jimmu ,t5no1 fir/ emp]or ( ,japan #cac ,! ,mikado's coat-(-arms #cag ,raid51 ,god ( ,?und]1 ) 8 /r+ ( drums #cah ,fut51 ,god ( ,w9ds1 ) 8 huge sack #cai ,daikoku1 ! ,rice-god1 on 8 ?rone ( rice-bags #cbb ,fukoruku ,j91 ! god :o c be/[ long life ,full ,page #cbc ,dome/ic ,alt> ( ! gods ( daily food & ( rice #cbf ,hotei1 ! ,god ( ,happ9ess #cbg ,! ,sacr$ ,m\nta91 ,fuji-,yama #ccj ,%9to ,%r9e1 ne> ,yokohama1 ,japan1 ) wor%ip]s1 vessel ( holy wat]1 etc4 #cca ,a ,t5to1 or 8,heav5ly ,lant]n0 #ccb ,%r9es ( ,ise1 ! mo/ sacr$ place ( ,%9toism #ccc ,int]ior ( a ,%9to ,temple1 %[+ ! arrangem5ts = wor%ip #cce ,c]emonial dance ( ! ,%9to ,prie/s #cch ,a lawy] ( ,zulul& #cdc ,k+ ,c(fee's ,protect+ ,god #cdf ,! ,prie/s' trick ( rais+ an idol out ( ! e>? #cdh ,a ,cazembe ,feti* ,man #cea ,decorat$ ,feti*i/ #ceb ,juju ,h\se or ,temple ( ,skulls ,full ,page #cec ,idols ) mirrors 9 _! bodies #cef ,a ,wit* ,doctor #ceg ,indian ,m$ic9e ,man #cfc ,indian ,burial ,place #cff ,indian ,image #cfg ,sun-wor%ip on ! ,amazon ,d\ble ,page #cgd-e ,anci5t ,aztec ,idol #chj ,sun-wor%ip among ! ,p]uvians #chc ,anci5t ,p]uvian ,temple ( ! ,sun #che ,a ,papuan ,feti* ,h\se #chh ,tattoo$ ,girl ( ,oceanica #chi ,polynesian ,idol & its devotees #cij ,a ,fijian bure temple #cia ,idol ( ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s #cib ,great ,idol ( ,oceanica1 7six feet 9 height7 #cic ,hawaiian ,idol1 kn[n z ! ,poison ,god #cid ,idol f ,polynesia #cie ,new ,zeal& ,moon-god #cig ,hawaiian ,w>-god #cii ,*ri/ian ,k>5 ,girls #djd ,a ,p>see ,m]*ant ( ,bombay #djh ,*9ese ornam5ts ) words ( *e] #dag ,a ,*9ese ,book #dah ,c5s]1 f a ,taoi/ ,temple #dbi ,c]emonies 9 a ,taoi/ ,temple #dcc ,! ,?ree ,pure ,ones #dce ,god ( ! ,kit*5 #dce ,god ( ,?und] #dce ,c>ry+ ! ,dragon #dcf ,dragon ,boat-races1 a ,*9ese ,fe/ival #dcg ,*>m to w>d (f ,evil ,spirits f a ,bride #dch ,god ( ,?ieves #dch ,sword ,*>m #dci ,kwan-te1 ,god ( ,w> #ddj ,taoi/s consult+ ! oracles at ! magicians #dda ,/one pill>s erect$ by ! ,*9ese to keep (f evil spirits #ddb ,tall ,:ite ,devil #ddc ,%ort ,black ,devil #ddd ,traditional lik5ess ( ,confucius #ddf ,monum5tal gate-way erect$ 9 honor ( ,confucius #ddh ,temple ( ,confucius1 9 ,pek+ ,full ,page #dec ,*9ese ,s*ool-boys #dfj ,*9ese ,joss-/ick #dfa ,sacr$ ,alt> ( ,heav51 at ,pek+ ,full ,page #dfe ,temple ( ,agriculture1 at ,pek+1 ,*9a #dfh ,bronze ,temple 9 honor ( ,confucius ,full ,page #dgj ,*9ese sitt+-room #dgi ,ance/ral ,tablet #dha ,*9aman burn+ pray]s in/ead ( say+ !m #dhb ,br++ home "o ( ! s\ls ( a dead man 9 8 clo!s #dhc ,c]emony ( turn+ ar\nd ! bridge-ladd] #dhd ,*9ese m>riage procession ,full ,page #dhg ,wor%ip ( ance/ors at a w$d+ #dhi ,*9ese baby 9 its cradle #dia ,tea*+ a *ild to wor%ip #dic ,(f]+ sacrifice to ! ,kit*5-god #dic ,god ( ,gambl+ #dif ,idol ( ,buddha #dih1 #eji ,religi\s meet+ ( ! ,ja9s ,full ,page #ecc ,tope ( ,san*i ,full ,page #ecg ,capital ( a pill> ( gate-way ( ,san*i ,tope #eci ,gate-way ( ,san*i ,tope ,d\ble ,page #edb-c ,roadway to a ,buddhi/ temple 9 ,ceylon #ede ,devil-danc]s' mask f ,ceylon #edi ,buddhi/ ,temple 9 ! ,isl& ( ,ceylon #eea ,wor%ip ( ,buddha's ,too? ,full ,page #eec ,%way-da-gong1 ! great ,pagoda ( ,rangoon1 ,burmah #eeh ,sacr$ ,g>d5 atta*$ to ,temple ,d\ble ,page #efb-c ,pagoda at ,maulma91 ,burmah #efe ,fun]al procession ( a ,buddhi/ ,prie/ #egc ,t[] ( ,wat ,*ang ,pagoda at ,bangkok1 ,siam ,full ,page #egg ,fun]al ,temple ( wood1 bamboo & pap] #egh ,! ,k+ ( ,siam go+ to wor%ip at ! ,temple ( ! ,em]ald ,idol #ehj ,temple ( ! ,em]ald ,idol ,full ,page #eha ,ru9$ ,temple ( ,ayudia1 ,alt> ( !1 ,siam ,full ,page #ehe ,siamese wor%ip+ ! ,:ite ,elephant #ehi ,tomb ( a ,buddhi/ ,sa9t #eij ,ru9s ( ! ,great ,temple ( ,nagkon ,wat #eic ,/atue ( ! ,lep] ,k+ #eie ,a ,?ibetan ,lad #eii ,mona/]y ( ,hemis 9 ! ,himalayas #fjj ,t>t> ,woman #fja ,pray+ ,ma*9e #fje ,pray+ ,:eel :irl$ 9 ! h& #fjf ,/one ) ! my/ic s5t5ce1 8,om ,mani ,padmi ,hum0 #fjg ,mani ,padee1 a ,buddhi/ ,tomb 9 ,?ibet #fjh ,a ,?ibetan ,woman #fji ,*9ese ,image ( ,buddha #fab ,bronze ,lions ,full ,page #fac ,a ,*9ese ,m&>9 #fae ,*9ese sale ( pray]s conduct$ by ! ,prie/s #faf ,porcela9 ,t[] at ,nank+1 ,*9a ,full ,page #fag ,beat+ on a ,temple ,drum to attract ! ,god #fbb ,*9ese ,temple at ,san ,francisco ,full ,page #fbc ,! 8,?ree ,preci\s ,buddhas0 #fbe ,wor%ip 9 ! ,temple ( ! ?\s& ,lamas ,full ,page #fbg ,temple ( ,kwan-,y9 ,full ,page #fcj ,colossal ,gild$ ,buddha #fcb ,alt> ( ,*9ese ,pagoda ,d\ble ,page #fcd-e ,! ,goddess ,ma-*u & h] assi/ants #fch ,pagoda at ,tung-,*o ,full ,page #fci ,*9ese ,idols #fda ,*9ese ,buddhi/'s ,idea ( ,hell #fdb ,goddess ( ,m]cy deliv]+ a s\l ,full ,page #fdc ,buddhi/ ,monum5t at ,pek+ ,full ,page #fdg ,prie/ at a ,pray+ ,:eel #fdi ,*9ese ,bonze1 or ,prie/ #fej ,lett+ g ! ,wat]-lamps #fec ,miracul\s deliv]y ( a ,bonze ,full ,page #fei ,%r9e ( ,kwanon #ffa ,int]ior ( ,kwanon's ,temple ,full ,page #ffc ,! ,hiogo ,buddha #fff ,buddhi/ ,%r9e at ,kobe #ffh ,japanese ,pilgrim 9 w9t] dress #ffi ,d9+-room ( a ,buddhi/ ,mona/]y #fgj ,religi\s fe/ival 9 ,temple ,gr\nds ,full ,page #fga ,new ,ye>'s frolic 9 ,japan ,full ,page #fge ,buddhi/ 8,nio10 or ,temple ,gu>d #fgg ,japanese ,picture ( ,kwanon #fhj ,musicians ( ! ,temple at ,%iba #fhb ,torii1 or ,wat] ,gate ( ! ,temple ( ,miyajima ,full ,page #fhc ,int]ior ( ! ,temple ( ,%iba #fhe ,temple ( ! ,five ,hundr$ ,gods1 ,canton1 ,*9a ,full ,page #fhi ,belfry ( ! ,temple at ,osaka1 ,japan #fia ,/reet ,m\ntebanks 9 a ,new ,ye>'s ,fe/ival 9 ,japan ,d\ble ,page #fif-g ,japanese idea ( ! ,judge ( ,hell #gjj ,fe/ival ( ,foxes ,full ,page #gjc ,driv+ ! devils out ( ! h\se on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve ) beans #gje ,a ,japanese ,matsuri1 or ,religi\s ,fe/ival #gjf ,religi\s ,procession 9 ,japan ,full ,page #gjg ,fujisan1 f a village on ! ,tokaido #gjh ,wor%ip at ! ,tomb ( an ,ance/or ,full ,page #gac ,! ,fl[+ ,invocation #gae ,temple ( ! ,kaaba1 at ,mecca1 ,arabia #gbb ,mohamm$an ,cemet]y at ,mecca #gbg ,int]ior ( a ,turkoman t5t1 9 ,we/]n ,p]sia #gbi ,mosque ( ,om>1 on ! site ( ! ,jewi% ,temple1 at ,j]usalem #gcj ,mohamm$ans pray+ be=e ! ,mosque ( ,om> #gca ,mohamm$an ,mosque on ! ,hooghly ,riv]1 ne> ,calcutta1 ,india #gdb ,ext]ior ( ,mosque 9 ,p]sia ,d\ble ,page #gdd-e ,int]ior ( ,mosque at ,delhi1 ,india #gdg ,int]ior ( ,mosque ( ,/4 ,sophia #gdh ,a ,:irl+ ,d]vi% #gdi ,moslem ,boy /udy+ ! ,koran #geb ,mosque ( ,/4 ,sophia1 at ,con/ant9ople1 ,turkey #gec ,mosque at ,delhi1 conta9+ a hair f ,mohamm$'s be>d #gee ,entrance to ! ,mosque at ,delhi #gef ,t[] ( ! ,k\tub1 ,india ,full ,page #geg ,taj ,mahal1 ! tomb ( ! ,empress ,mumtaj ,mahal1 at ,agra1 ,india #gei ,int]ior-( ! ,taj1 ! tomb ( ,mahal #gfb ,mohamm$an ,fea/ ( ,mohurrim #gfd ,two ,new ,zeal&]s3 ! ,savage ,te ,wet]e & ! ,*ri/ian ,te ,kote #gfh ,a ,mission>y home 9 ,burmah #ggd ,illu/ration3 ,,we/]n ,,hemisph]e ,,ea/]n ,,hemisph]e ,,buddhi/s4 ,,feti*i/s4 ,,mohamm$an4 ,,*ri/ians4 ,,h9doos4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,_w',s ,,fir/ ,,wor%ip4 ,i h laid x d[n z an inv>iable maxim con/antly to foll[ hi/orical tradition1 & to hold fa/ by t clew1 ev5 :5 _m ?+s1 9 ! te/imony & decl>ations ( tradition1 appe> /range & almo/ inexplicable1 or at lea/ enigmatical2 = s soon 9 ! inve/igation ( anci5t hi/ory z we let slip t ,ariadne's ?read we c f9d no outlet f ! labyr9? ( fanciful !ories1 & ! *aos ( cla%+ op9ions4--,f4 ,,von ,,s*legel4 ,!re are _m sy/ems ( wor%ip 9 ! _w4 ,"s ( ^! are limit$ to s+le nations1 o!rs ext5d !mselves ov] diff]5t nations1 & 9 hi/ory we read ( c]ta9 religions :i* no long] exi/4 ,= in/ance--( ^? sy/ems limit$ to a nation1 !re is ! wor%ip ( ance/ors1 z taught by ,confucius1 9 ,*9a2 ! wor%ip ( ! idol gods ,brahma1 ,vi%nu & ,siva1 & a multitude ( o!r gods1 m num]\s ?an _! wor%ip]s1 9 ,india2 & ,%9toism1 ! nature-wor%ip ( ,japan4 ,( ^? :i* h ext5d$ to o!r l&s1 !re is ! wor%ip ( ! h]o-sa9t1 ,gautama ,buddha1 9 all s\!rn & ea/]n ,asia2 & ,mohamm$anism1 ! fi]ce oppon5t ( idolatry1 & ! sy/em ( ! prophet ,mohamm$1 9 ,india1 ,turkey1 ,egypt & 9 ,*9a4 ,( ! dead religions1 !re are ^? ( ,egypt1 ,assyria1 ,greece & ,rome4 ,^! are b a few ( ! _m =ms ( wor%ip t we f9d 9 glanc+ ov] ! _w's hi/ory1 or 9 look+ at its pres5t condition4 ,!re are wide diff]5ces betwe5 ^! sy/ems ( wor%ip & also _m resemblances among !m4 ,:]e did ^! sy/ems all come f8 ,:]e & h[ did !y />t8 ,!y diff] v mat]ially "o f ano!r4 ,"s wor%ip "o ,god & h no idols1 o!rs wor%ip millions ( gods & h multitudes ( idols4 ,_! temples are ( diff]5t /yles4 ,_! sacr$ books & c]emonies are extremely v>i$4 ,c !y h />t$ f "o s\rce1 or did ea* />t indep5d5tly ( ! re/8 ,,te/imony ,,( ,,an ,,old ,,record ,,& ,,( ,,language4 ,h[ %all we f9d out ab\t ?is8 ,we h "o record t w help u & ^u :i* we c dep5d4 ,?is is ! olde/ hi/ory ( mank9d4 ,!re 7 a great _m ( ^! hi/ories writt5 lat]1 b = no "o ( !m is !re a t5? "p ( ! evid5ce z to its be+ g5u9e1 :i* !re is = ?is "o old record4 ,x has be5 te/$ 9 e possible way & no flaw has yet be5 f\nd4 ,anci5t monum5ts & _! inscriptions1 ! olde/ traditions ( ! mo/ anci5t peoples1 all confirm its /atem5ts4 ,b ^! monum5ts & ! writt5 hi/ories ( nations g back b a few ?\s& ye>s1 & ?is "o record is old] ?an !y all4 ,s traditions only rema9 to be comp>$ ) x4 ,no1 !re is "o ?+ left t is relat$ to tradition4 ,x is language4 ,^? :o h /udi$ ! languages ( ! _w & comp>$ !m ) ea* o!r h some?+ to say1 & x is ?is3 ,all languages c be gr\p$ into families or classes ( spee*1 & all ^! families are se5 to h />t$ f "o common s\rce4 ,?is1 too1 agrees ) ! /ory ( t old] record4 ,t tells h[ ,god made fir/ a man & !n a woman1 h[ t !y 7 v good at ! outset1 b soon became bad4 ,x goes on to tell h[ _! *ildr5 7 v wick$1 & h[ ,god puni%$ !m by s5d+ a great flood ( wat]s :i* de/roy$ all b "o family4 ,!n ?is family increas$1 & !y too became wick$4 ,!y f9ally plann$ to build an imm5se t[]1 s1 p]haps1 t !y %\ld n be dr[n$ aga9 9 a flood2 at any rate1 if ?is 0 n ! reason1 x 0 = "s o!r wick$ purpose t !y build$4 ,god 0 angry ) _! wick$ness1 & to /op _! build+ confus$ _! language4 ,!y _h all spok5 ! same language be=e1 b n[ "s spoke "o & "s ano!r4 ,j "h o!r hi/ories beg91 & ! /ories 9 ^! & 9 ! record we h ref]r$ to1 g on v mu* alike4 ,b ! traditions1 :i* are old] ?an ! hi/ories1 agree ) ! record1 z we %all see 9 a future *apt]4 ,?is record is ! ,bible1 especially ! fir/ "p ( ! ,book ( ,g5esis4 ,s "h is f\nd "o answ] to our "q1--all religions grew out ( "o orig9al sy/em ( wor%ip4 ,,ano!r ,,witness3 ,,comp>ative ,,religion4 ,!re is /ill ano!r way to get an answ]4 ,place ! religions side by side1 /udy _! pr9ciples1 exam9e _! leg5ds1 & see if1 aft] all1 !re are n resemblances b5ea? ! surface4 ,let u /rip !m ( ^? ?+s :i* are ! additions ( a lat] day1 & ( ^? ?+s :i* ! peculi> conditions ( _! c\ntries1 climates & languages h add$4 ,take = in/ance _! leg5ds or h\sehold /ories4 ,"s ( ^! traditions are writt5 9 ! inscriptions on ! anci5t monum5ts ( ,egypt1 or especially ( ,babylonia1 or 9 ! sacr$ books & hi/ories ( ! old] nations2 o!rs h be5 h&$ d[n by ^w ( m\?4 ,x 0 long aft] ^! leg5ds 7 old1 t ev5 neighbor+ nations held any communications ) ea* o!r4 ,x _h be5 j z if a great high wall 0 built ar\nd ea* nation--a wall )\t gates4 ,s !y c\ld n h told ^! /ories to ea* o!r4 ,!n1 too1 "s ( ^! /ories are told by nations ?\s&s ( miles ap>t4 ,! tru? c]ta9ly is t be=e ! sev]al bran*es ( ! race sep>at$ f _! common home1 p]haps on ! table-l&s ( ,bactria1 !y _h _m leg5ds1 nurs]y tales & peculi> /ories 9 common4 ,z !y mov$ to ! cold] ,nor?1 or to ! w>m] ,s\?1 !y c>ri$ ^! tales ) !m4 ,9 c\rse ( "t ^! came to be some:at alt]$4 ,?is *ange 0 9 ! dress+ r ?an 9 ! tales !mselves4 ,h5ce we f9d among ! ,egyptians1 ,h9doos1 ,greeks1 ,g]mans1 ,spani>ds1 ,norsem51 /ories :i* are s mu* alike t x is c]ta9 t !y _h a common orig94 ,take1 = in/ance1 ! /ory ( ! ,ma/] ,?ief ( ! ,norsem51 & comp>e x ) ! same /ory z told by o!r nations1 & we are l$ to ! conclusion t x is "p ( a /ock ( nurs]y tales :i* 7 told be=e ! disp]sion4 ,let u rememb] t _m collections ( /ories 7 n orig9at$ by ! m5 ^: names !y be>1 b t ^! m5 simply ga!r$ toge!r leg5ds & tales :i* !y f\nd already exi/+ among ! p4 ,?us 8,grimm's ,h\sehold ,tales0 is a collection ( old ,g]man fireside /ories4 8,! ,arabian ,night's ,ent]ta9m5t10 ! 8,h9doo ,hitopadesa10 8,das5t's ,popul> ,tales ( ! ,norse10 & 8,old ,deccan ,days10 are collections ( ! same sort4 ,x w repay u to att5d at "s l5g? to ! v>i\s v]sions ( "o ( ^! /ories1 :i* w s]ve to illu/rate _m o!rs ( m mom5t\s "*4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,ma/] ,,?ief4 ,9 ! ,norse tale1 ! ,ma/] ,?ief is a f>m]'s appr5tice4 ,9 8 c\ntry !re is an ord] or society ( ?ieves1 & ! appr5tice wi%es to jo9 !m4 ,! ?ieves promise to admit him to _! society provid$ he c succe$ 9 /eal+ an ox f 8 ma/] z ! ma/] is driv+ ?ree ox51 "o by "o1 to m>ket4 ,x mu/ be done1 ! ?ieves say1 )\t ! ma/]'s k1 & )\t hurt+ him4 ,! y\? put a silv]-buckl$ %oe 9 8 ma/]'s way z he travel$ along ! road4 ,! f>m] admir$ ! %oe b pass$ on )\t t\*+ x1 z an odd %oe w\ld be ( no s]vice to him4 ,! ?ief cunn+ly pick$ up ! %oe & ran ar\nd by ano!r pa? s z to come out ahead ( 8 ma/]1 & place ! %oe 9 ! f>m]'s way aga94 ,?is "t he /opp$1 ti$ 8 ox to ! f5ce1 & pick+ up ! %oe be=e him1 w5t back to f9d its mate4 ,! lad !n /ole ! ox & took x away to ! ?ieves' c\ncil4 ,b !y want to try him /ill fur!r1 & direct him to /eal a second ox f 8 ma/]1 :o is aga9 driv+ to m>ket4 ,disguis+ himself ! lad put a rope ar\nd 8 body "u 8 arms & hung himself to a tree at ! roadside4 ,! f>m] pass$ on1 b>ely notic+ ! lad4 ,he 0 s mu* tr\bl$ ab\t ! loss ( 8 ox t he did n ?9k ( r5d]+ assi/ance4 ,! lad !n unti$ himself1 & runn+ by a r\ndab\t way came out on ! road ahead ( ! f>m] & hung himself z be=e4 ,aga9 ! f>m] pass$ by unconc]n$ly4 ,aga9 ! ?ief hung himself4 ,?is "t ! f>m] ?\ght himself bewit*$1 & return$ to see if ! o!r two lads 7 /ill hang+4 ,8 second ox 0 n[ left ti$ up & ! lad !n l$ x also away4 ,! ?ieves !n said t if he w\ld /eal ! ?ird ox f ! f>m]1 n[ on 8 gu>d aga9/ tricks1 he %\ld be _! ma/]4 ,go+ into a piece ( woods along ! road1 z 8 ma/] 0 pass+ by ) ! ?ird ox1 he imitat$ ! bell[+ ( ox54 ,! f>m] n[ hurri$ away to cat* 8 lo/ cattle1 leav+ ! ?ird "o to fall into ! ?ief's h&s4 ,! ?ieves !reupon took him into _! c\ncil1 b det]m9$ 7z he %rewdly provok$ !m to d7 to outdo ! "y ?ief1 !y w5t away to c>ry out _! plans4 ,! lad !n return$ 8 ma/]'s ox51 & c>ri$ (f all ! valuables & goods :i* ! ?ieves _h /or$ away4 ,soon aft] he m>ri$ 8 ma/]'s daught]4 ,?is /ory 0 told 9 ,we/]n ,europe1 probably long be=e ,h]odotus he>d ! /ory ( ! ,egyptian ?ief & wrote x out1 or be=e ! ,h9doo tale ( ,k>p>a & ,gata 0 made kn[n outside ( ,india4 ,! tale ( ! ,=ty ,?ieves 9 ! ,arabian ,nights also be>s a close resemblance to ^!4 ,! ,spani% leg5d ( ! ,poor ,mason may h be5 borr[$ f any "o ( ^!4 ,comp>e ! ma9 po9ts ( ^! /ories ) ^? ( ! tale ( ! ,ma/] ,?ief4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,rhamps9itos4 ,rhamps9itos1 an ar*itect1 built = ! ,k+ ( ,egypt a treasure-h\se ) a secret entrance4 ,?is secret1 at 8 dea?1 ! ar*itect told to 8 two sons4 ,!y !reupon help$ !mselves to ! k+'s treasures4 ,z ! k+ notic$ h[ 8 treasures 7 gradually decreas+1 he plac$ a trap 9 ! entrance to ! treasure-h\se4 ,! y\ng] bro!r 0 caught 9 ! trap1 & see+ t he c\ld n escape1 he begg$ 8 bro!r to cut (f 8 head s t ! k+ might n "k t ! ar*itect _h told ! secret1 & t ! bro!r might n get into tr\ble4 ,s ! k+ f\nd ! headless body1 & ( c\rse c\ld n recognize ! ?ief4 ,b to f9d out :o he 01 he _h ! body expos$ 9 a public place1 & ord]$ ! gu>ds to arre/ any p]son :o %\ld m\rn = ! dead man4 ,! "m saw & recogniz$ ! body1 & ?reat5$ to tell ! k+1 unless ! eld] son %\ld br+ ! body home4 ,! son !n fill$ "s sk9 bottles ) w9e1 & load$ !m ^u asses4 ,z he rode by ! gu>ds1 he slightly loos5$ ! m\?-/r+ ( ! sacks1 & ! w9e began to run out4 ,! gu>ds1 pret5d+ to help him1 help$ !mselves to ! w9e4 ,aft] ty+ up ! sk9s1 ! y\? asks !m to sit d[n & dr9k w9e ) him4 ,!y d s1 & are soon ov]p[]$ by x1 & fall asleep4 ,he !n c>ri$ away ! body4 ,soon aft] he 0 m>ri$ to ! pr9cess1 = ! k+ s\ght to honor ?is ,ma/] ,?ief1 & he 0 held to be ! clev]e/ man ( ! clev]e/ p4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,poor ,,mason4 ,9 ! ,spani% /ory ( ! ,poor ,mason a prie/ wi%$ him to build a secret hid+-place = 8 treasure4 ,9 ord] t ! mason might n "k h[ to get at ! treasure1 %\ld he be s incl9$1 ! prie/ bl9dfold$ him f ! "t ( leav+ 8 own home till he arriv$ at ! treasure-h\se1 & aga9 bl9dfold$ him on 8 return4 ,s ! mason knew ! secret ( ! prie/'s hidd5 treasure1 b did n "k :]e ! h\se 0 9 :i* x 0 secret$4 ,! prie/ f9ally di$4 ,! h\se 0 !n said to be haunt$4 ,! l&lord c\ld n f9d a t5ant4 ,at la/ he happ5$ on ! poor mason1 & (f]$ him ! h\se r5t free4 ,z soon z ! mason ent]$ x1 he saw t x 0 ! h\se :]e ! weal? 0 /or$1 & :]e he _h work$4 ,he kept ! secret to himself1 until l ! ,egyptian ar*itect1 he told x on 8 dea?-b$ to 8 son4 ,9 ! /ory ( ,trophonius & ,agam$es1 :i* ,pausanius tells1 ! two masons built ! treasury ( ! k+1 s t "o /one 9 ! wall c\ld be remov$ f ! outside4 ,! k+ f\nd 8 weal? gr[+ less1 & set a trap = ! ?ief4 ,agam$es 0 caught & ,trophonius cut (f 8 head4 ,9 ! ,h9doo /ory ( two bro!rs1 ,gata & ,k>p>a1 n only treasure is /ol5 by means ( a secret entrance to ! k+'s palace1 b also ! pr9cess1 ! k+'s daught]4 ,k>p>a 0 f9ally f\nd out1 0 put to dea?1 & z x 0 desir$ to cat* ! o!r ?ief1 8 body 0 expos$4 ,! gu>ds 7 ord]$ to seize any "o :o might m\rn ! dea? ( ,k>p>a4 ,! ^w 8,k>p>a0 means a g\rd or melon4 ,gata1 ,k>p>a's bro!r1 9 ord] t he might m\rn z ,h9doos feel b\nd to d & yet n be caught1 load$ "s asses ) melons1 & z he pass$ ! body ( ,k>p>a1 contrives to h 8 load slip (f1 cry+1 z ! g\rds fell to ! gr\nd & bur/1 8,alas6 = my preci\s ,k>p>a60 ,! gu>ds suppos$1 ( c\rse1 t he ref]r$ to 8 g\rds1 & s did n arre/ him4 ,aft]w>ds !y p]ceiv$ ! trick t _h be5 play$ ^u !m1 & told x to ! k+4 ,he !n1 by royal proclamation1 (f]$ ! pr9cess 9 m>riage to ! clev] ?ief if he w\ld b come & claim h]4 ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,%ifty ,,lad4 ,! hi/orian ( anci5t ,scotti% leg5ds records a tale :i* resembles 9 _m po9ts ! tales m5tion$ above4 ,9 ! ,scotti% /ory1 ! ,%ifty ,lad goes ?r\gh 8 appr5tice%ip1 n among a company ( ?ieves1 b "u ! sole *>ge ( ! ,black ,rogue1 ( :om he at la/ rid himself by gett+ him to try ! pleasant s5sation ( be+ hung by ! neck4 ,! trick answ]s to t ( ! ,norse ?ief1 b ! mode ( effect+ x diff]s widely4 ,hav+ dispos$ ( 8 ma/]1 he engages himself to a c>p5t]1 :om he p]suades to break into ! k+'s /oreh\se4 ,! advice ( ! ,seanagal1 :om ! k+ consults1 is t a hog%ead ( s(t pit* be plac$ ne> ! entrance4 ,! wright1 aga9 mak+ ! v5ture1 s9ks into ! pit*1 & ! ,%ifty ,lad1 /epp+ 9 on 8 %\ld]s1 takes z mu* z he c c>ry1 & !n sweep+ (f 8 ma/]'s head1 leaves ! body 9 ! hog%ead4 ,aga9 ! ,seanagal is consult$1 & 8 answ] is 8t !y %\ld set ! trunk al(t on ! po9ts ( ! spe>s ( ! soldi]s to be c>ri$ f t[n to t[n1 to see if !y c\ld f9d any "o at all t w\ld %[ sorr[ = x40 ,z !y pass by ! wright's h\se1 8 wife screams1 b ! ,%ifty ,lad cutt+ himself ) an adze1 leads ! capta9 ( ! gu>d to ?9k t ! cry 0 caus$ by sorr[ at 8 own hurt4 ,! body is !n by ! k+'s ord] hung on a tree1 ! gu>d be+ ord]$ to seize any "o :o %\ld v5ture to take x d[n4 ,! lad driv+ be=e him a horse load$ ) two kegs ( :isky1 approa*es ! soldi]s1 z ?\gh he wi%$ to pass !m /eal?ily1 & :5 !y cat* ! horse's bridle1 he runs (f leav+ ! m5 to dr9k !mselves to sleep1 & !n return+ takes away ! wright's body4 ,?is exploit is foll[$ by o!rs :i* occur 9 no o!r v]sion2 b ! f9al sc5e is a fea/1 at :i*1 accord+ to ! ,seanagal's pr$iction1 ! ,%ifty ,lad asks ! k+'s daught] to dance4 ,! ,seanagal ^u ?is puts a black m>k ^u him1 b ! lad1 l ,morgiana 9 ! /ory ( 8,ali ,baba & ! ,=ty ,?ieves10 discov]+ ! m>k1 puts ano!r on ! ,seanagal & on tw5ty o!r m5 besides him4 ,! k+ is !n advis$ to say t ! man :o _h done all ^! tricks1 t _h be5 s well done1 mu/ be exce$+ly clev]1 & t if he w\ld come =w>d & give himself up he %\ld h ! pr9cess = 8 wife4 ,all ! m>k$ m5 accord+ly claim ! prize2 & ! craft ( ! ,%ifty ,lad is once m call$ into practice1 to secure ! maid5 = himself4 ,f ! comp>ison ( ^! popul> tales ) ea* o!r we c see _! common orig94 ,nations s widely sep>at$ z ! ,norsem51 ,h9doos1 ,spani>ds1 ,egyptians & ! e>ly inhabitants ( ,scotl&1 c\ld n h borr[$ ^! /ories f ea* o!r4 ,_! resemblances--a ?ief ( wond]ful cunn+1 8 successes & escapes1 & f9al honor--all po9t to ! fact t !y are b diff]5t v]sions ( ! same /ory4 ,?is "o /ory c\ld n h be5 communicat$ by "o nation to ! o!rs1 & z ! only way to acc\nt = ! resemblances we are %ut up to believe t ! nations long ago all liv$ 9 "o home1 f :i* !y aft]w>d sep>at$ to g to ! diff]5t l&s ( _! f9al settlem5ts4 ,:5 we add to ?is evid5ce1 t f ! sam5ess 9 ! ideas ( ,god held by ! diff]5t nations 9 _! descriptions ( ,8 p[]1 & ev5 9 ! v names by :i* !y designat$ ,god1 we are c>ri$ back to ! e>ly wor%ip ( ! race1 & we see f all ^! evid5ces t1 orig9ally1 man wor%ip$ "o ,god4 ,! human race did n beg9 life on ! e>? z a savage1 or z a *ild1 & 0 n develop$ f ?is condition to a high] /ate ( intellig5ce2 b man began life z a full-=m$1 mature1 intellig5t creature4 ,f ?is high vantage gr\nd he has desc5d$1 fir/1 to ! wor%ip ( _m gods1 & lat] on1 ( idols4 ,su* deg5]ation has (t5 happ5$ 9 ! hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,! desc5dants ( p[]ful nations h1 9 ! lapse ( ye>s1 become f> inf]ior to _! ance/ors4 ,= example1 ! anci5t ,egyptians h left monum5ts ^: con/ruction baffles u4 ,we _c imag9e h[ !y h rais$ & pos$ ! imm5se /ones1 nor c we asc]ta9 ! purpose ( _m ( _! build+s4 ,we talk ( 8lo/ arts0 & 8lo/ civilizations40 ,we "k t x has (t5 happ5$ t educat$ color$ p f ! s\!rn ,unit$ ,/ates1 h sunk to ! l[ level ( ! p ( ,africa :5 !y h return$ to ! l& ( _! fa!rs4 ,f ! ,bible n>rative1 z well z f ! mo/ anci5t traditions ( hea!n nations1 we le>n t at ! fir/1 man held close int]c\rse ) ,god & t he held ?is pure wor%ip dur+ _m c5turies4 ,! traditions ( anci5t nations confirm ! ,bible acc\nt ( ! high position ( man at ! outset4 ,9 ! ,ave/a1 ! sacr$ book ( ! ,p>sees1 :o are kn[n also z fire-wor%ip]s1 we are told t ! fir/ k+1 ,jem%id1 & 8 subjects1 aft] liv+ = a "t 9 ! orig9al home ( ! race ( mank9d1 remov$ to a seclud$ spot n f> di/ant4 ,"h1 !re 80 nei!r ov]be>+ nor mean-spirit$ness1 nei!r /upidity nor viol5ce1 nei!r pov]ty nor deceit1 nei!r pun9ess nor de=mity1 nei!r huge tee? nor bodies beyond ! usual measure4 ,! inhabitants suff]$ no defilem5t f ! evil _s4 ,!y dwelt among odorif]\s trees & gold5 pill>s2 ^! 7 ! l>ge/1 be/ & mo/ beautiful on e>?2 !y 7 !mselves a tall & beautiful race40 ,! ,mexicans tell ( ! 8gold5 age ( ,tez5co40 ,! ,p]uvian tradition beg9s ) ! /ory ( ! two *ildr5 ( ! ,sun1 :o e/abli%$ a civiliz$ c\ntry on ! banks ( ,lake ,titicaca4 ,hesiod records ! ,greek tradition ?us3 8,! immortal gods1 t tread ! c\rts ( heav51 ,fir/ made a gold5 race ( m54 ,l gods !y liv$1 ) happy1 c>eless s\ls1 ,f toil & pa9 exempt2 nor on !m crept ,wret*$ old age1 b all _! life 0 pass$ ,9 fea/+1 & _! limbs no *anges knew4 ,n\ght evil came !m nigh2 & :5 !y di$1 ',twas b z if !y 7 ov]come by sleep4 ,all good ?+s 7 _! portion3 ! fat soil ,b>e !m its fruits spontane\s1 fruit ungrudg$ ,& pl5tiful2 !y1 at _! own sweet w1 ,pursu$ 9 peace ! tasks t seem$ !m good4 ,lad5 ) bless+s1 ri* 9 flocks1 & de> ,to ! great gods40 ,! ,*9ese & ,h9doo traditions also po9t back to ! beg9n+ ( ! hi/ory ( ! human race z a "t ( happ9ess & p]fection4 ,9 ^? e>ly ages man liv$ a long life1 & s ! e>ly wor%ip ( ! "o ,god c\ld be h&$ d[n f age to age ) sc>ce a *ance ( *ange4 ,?us we are br\ght d[n to ! "t ( ! ,deluge4 ,:ile !re 0 a g5]al t5d5cy to evil on ! "p ( all ! desc5dants ( ,adam1 ,god pres]v$ "s pure *>act]s1 su* z ,eno* & ,noah1 :o kept ! tru? f utt]ly p]i%+ f (f ! e>?4 ,on acc\nt ( ! increas+ wick$ness ( mank9d1 ,god s5t ! ,deluge1 :i* de/roy$ all ! race1 ,noah & 8 family alone except$4 ,?is we le>n n only f ! ,bible1 b f ,*9ese1 ,h9doo1 ,egyptian1 ,greek & ,mexican traditions4 ,soon aft] ?is deluge1 ! desc5dants ( ,noah multipli$ greatly1 & on acc\nt ( _! wick$ attempt to build ! t[] ( ,babel1 ,god confus$ _! language4 ,?us ! great disp]sion ( nations 0 br\ght ab\t1 ?r\gh _! inability to communicate ) ea* o!r by means ( spee*4 ,!y sep>at$ inevitably f ea* o!r4 ,,! ,,disp]sion ,,( ,,nations4 ,some:]e to ! nor? ( ,p]sia1 9 ! l& ( ,khiva1 0 probably ! second cradle ( ! race4 ,?is l& is n[ ! c5tral meet+ place ( empires2 "h1 ,russia f ! nor?1 ,engl&1 ?r\gh ,india1 f ! s\?1 & ! ,european p[]s f ! we/ are com+ toge!r4 ,?is 0 ! po9t ( dep>ture :5ce ! nations />t$ = _! future homes4 ,f ! ?ree sons ( ,noah came ! nations by :om ! :ole e>? 0 ov]spread4 ,let u keep 9 m9d t ,noah's wor%ip ( ,god 0 pure1 t he pres]v$ ! true fai? 9 ,jehovah1 t he h&$ ?is to 8 sons1 & t ! deg5]ation into ! wor%ip ( _m gods & idols took place lat] 9 hi/ory4 ,! religion ( ! _w 0 /ill "o4 ,n t all m5 accept$ x1 = _m wick$ly rebell$ aga9/ x1 b ! k ( ! true ,god 0 too fre% 9 _! m9ds = !m to set up o!r gods = !mselves4 ,n only ?is1 b :ile !y 7 all toge!r1 ea* new g5]ation receiv$ in/ruction f ^? :o did wor%ip ,god 9 ! "r way4 ,x 0 only :5 !y 7 scatt]$ & left solely to _! recollections ( ^! tea*+s2 t _! religions began gradually to diff] f t :i* !y _h kn[n :5 toge!r4 ,!n1 also1 ! peoples began to diff] f ea* o!r2 !n ^? :o w5t to ! cold nor? or w>m] s\?1 to ! isles ( ! sea or to inl& hills & valleys1 gradually *ang$ _! habits ( life & wor%ip accord+ to _! surr\nd+s4 ,f ! m\nta9s ( ,arm5ia1 :]e ,noah l&$ f ! ark1 ! /reams ( population p\r$ =? to all p>ts ( ! _w2 nor?-we/ to ,europe1 we/ to ,asia ,m9or1 s\?-we/ to ,egypt & ,africa1 s\? to ,arabia1 s\?-ea/ to ,p]sia & ,india1 & ea/ to ,*9a4 ,( c\rse1 ?is 0 n ! "w ( a day4 ,x took ages = ! nations to rea* ! m di/ant l&s2 ages = !m to become settl$ 9 _! new homes2 ages = !m to p ^! l&s d5sely4 ,hundr$s ( ye>s aft] ! deluge1 "s ( ! peoples :o rea*$ ! we/]n %ores ( ! ,pacific ,ocean1 & :o v5tur$ on its wat]s1 7 c>ri$ away on ! /ream ^: curr5ts sweep to ! nor?1 !n to ! ea/1 & !nce d[n aga9 to ! s\?4 ,x has happ5$ 9 ! la/ few c5turies t ,malays & ,japanese sailors h ?us be5 swept away by ! ,kuro ,%iwo 7,black ,/ream74 ,?us1 9 all probability1 ! cont95t ( ,am]ica 0 peopl$4 ,?us ! pres5t ,japanese nation orig9at$ f ! mix+ ( ^! ,malays f s\?-ea/]n ,asia & ! ,a9os1 ! nation :i* _h made its way ov]l& to ,japan4 ,9 ! languages & traditions ( ^! nations1 ev5 aft] !y 7 well settl$1 are to be f\nd traces ( ,mono!ism4 ,n di/9ct & cle>1 x is true1 = ! ,poly!i/ic wor%ip ( aft] ages has de/roy$ to a great ext5t ^! indications ( ! e>ly wor%ip ( "o ,god1 & yet 9 almo/ all sy/ems ( religion a supreme place is giv5 to "s "o ,deity1 :o is above all ! o!rs1 & :o is recogniz$ z ! rul] ( all4 ,illu/ration3 ,illman ,bro!rs1 ,engrav]s ,pr9t]s4 ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,t5 ,,?\s& ,,idols ,,9 ,,japan4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,:5ce ,,came ,,! ,,_m ,,gods ,,& ,,idols8 ,! fair humanities ( old religion1 ,! p[]1 ! beauty & ! maje/y4 ,!y _h _! haunts 9 dales or p9y m\nta91 ,or =e/ by sl[ /ream1 or pebbly spr+1 ,or *asms & wat]y dep?s4 ,,samuel ,,taylor ,,col]idge4 ,we h se5 t ! fir/ wor%ip ( ! _w 0 ( "o ,god4 ,we h wat*$ ! _w 9 its processes ( *ang+ z ! nations 7 sep>at$ f ea* o!r4 ,we h f\nd t n long aft] ! settlem5t ( ! nations 9 _! new l&s ! wor%ip ( _m gods appe>$1 & ) ?is wor%ip1 or soon aft] x began1 ! wor%ip ( idols appe>$ also4 ,! numb] ( gods & _! idols multipli$ rapidly1 until !y numb]$ hundr$s ( millions4 ,!re 7 gods ( e "n & %ape2 gods ( heav51 e>?1 & hell2 gods ( occupations & employm5ts2 gods ( e liv+ creature1 & ( _m inanimate ?+s4 ,:]e did !y come f8 ,:]e & :5 did t great *ange occur1 :5 man ceas$ to wor%ip "o ,god & began to multiply 8 gods & idols8 ,h[ did x come ab\t8 ,:at influ5ces produc$ ! *ange8 ,:y 0 ! _w p]mitt$ to w&] s f> f ! tru?8 ,all ^!1 & a hundr$ k9dr$ que/ions come to u at ?is "t4 ,c we answ] any ( !m8 ,! s\rces ( in=mation are n v num]\s4 ,! c\rse ( ages has de/roy$1 or at lea/ alt]$1 _m ( ! e>ly records4 ,x is l ^? old manuscripts f :i* "s economical scribe has rubb$ out all ! writ+ orig9ally !re1 to make way = 8 own "w4 ,c ^! fad$ palimpse/s be re/or$8 ,we mu/ look d[n b5ea? ^! upp]mo/ records1 b5ea? ! traditions1 leg5ds & sacr$ writ+s ( lat] ages1 & we c !n discov]1 b fa9tly traceable x is true1 b /ill wor?y ( tru/1 "s dim outl9es ( ! introductions ( ,poly!ism4 ,9 ! la/ fifty ye>s1 wond]ful treasures ( in=mation h be5 br\ght to light1 & s*ol>s skill$ 9 ,ea/]n le>n+ h be5 rais$ up to aid 9 br++ ?is in=mation m fully to ! ,we/]n _w4 ,engli%1 ,g]man & ,am]ican /ud5ts h giv5 u ! sacr$ books ( ,h9dus1 ,p>sees & o!r peoples1 & ! /ory ( _! "w is int5sely int]e/+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,s]p5t ,,idol4 ,,s\rces ,,( ,,in=mation4 ,! ,v$as1 ! sacr$ books ( ! ,h9dus1 are ! olde/ exi/+ sacr$ writ+s1 except+ ^? f :i* ,moses compil$ ! e>li] *apt]s ( ,g5esis4 ,9 ^! ,v$as !re is little ( ! confus$ mass ( my?ological /atem5ts1 gross sup]/itions & ! ho/s ( gods ( lat] ,brahm9ism4 ,"h is pres5t$ a picture ( ! simple nature-wor%ip ( ! p ( ,india 9 _! e>lie/ hi/ory4 ,hav+ be5 compos$ s soon aft] ! disp]sion ( ! nations1 or r ! hymns conta9$ 9 x hav+ be5 h&$ d[n by ^w ( m\? f g5]ation to g5]ation1 x is a v valuable s\rce ( in=mation j "h4 ,be=e ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury ! ,v$as 7 almo/ unkn[n to ,european s*ol>s4 ,s9ce t "t great att5tion has be5 devot$ to ! subject1 especially s9ce ,max ,mll] w5t to ,engl& to seek ! aid ( ,engli%m51 & m p>ticul>ly ( ! ,ea/ ,india ,company1 9 publi%+ 8 translation ( ! ,v$as4 ,at pres5t we c read !m = ourselves 9 tol]ably accurate translations4 ,until )9 a hundr$ ye>s1 !re 0 no direct way ( le>n+ ( ! fai?1 & mann]s1 & cu/oms ( anci5t ,p]sia4 ,x 0 kn[n t !re 0 an au?oritative record ( ! e>lie/ ,p]sian religion1 a ,bible ( ! ,p>sees1 b no ,european _h ev] read x4 ,9 #aged1 a "y ,fr5* /ud5t ( ,p>is1 *anc$ to see a few l9es ( an anci5t manuscript 9 an unkn[n language4 ,he at once det]m9$ to g to ,p]sia1 or ,india1 :5ce ! manuscript _h come1 & to le>n m ab\t x4 ,z he c\ld n secure ! means = ! j\rney1 9 any o!r :y1 he enli/$ z a private soldi] to g to ,india4 ,j be=e sail+1 h[ev]1 he receiv$ ! means to g1 & 8 dis*>ge f ! army4 ,he travel$ ?r\gh ,india until he came to ! bord]s ( ,p]sia4 ,f "s ,p>see prie/s he le>n$ ! language1 & ga9$ "s slight k ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a1 ! ,p>sees' ,bible4 ,he pursu$ 8 inve/igations = f\r ye>s m1 & !n publi%$ 8 translation ( ! ,ave/a4 ,b 8 "w 0 incomplete1 & :ile he r5d]$ a great s]vice to ! _w 9 %[+ ! way to a k ( ! ,ave/a1 x 0 left = lat] s*ol>s m fully & accurately to prep>e ! translation ( ! book4 ,! anci5t ,egyptian sacr$ books h be5 almo/ :olly lo/1 x is believ$4 ,j en\gh rema9s to give u ! outl9es ( _! e>ly wor%ip4 ,ano!r s\rce ( in=mation is ! anci5t monum5ts4 ,x 0 ! cu/om ( ,ori5tal p to pres]ve important p>ts ( _! hi/ory by engrav+ & c>v+ descriptions ( !m on _! memorial /ones4 ,:5 x is rememb]$ t all k ( ! *>act]s or lett]s 9 :i* ^! inscriptions are made _h fad$ away1 we c see h[ difficult ! task ( expla9+ !m mu/ h be54 ,by c>eful comp>isons & pati5t inve/igations me?ods ( int]pret+ !m 7 devis$4 ,^! 7 sev]ally tri$2 if f\nd n to be capable ( successful application !y 7 reject$2 & ?us "o plan aft] ano!r 0 tri$ until ! "r "o 0 f\nd4 ,"s ( ! inscriptions 7 9 ! =m ( pictures ) comb9ations ( syllables add$1 or hi]oglyphics1 z !y are call$4 ,f ^! monum5ts a great deal has be5 le>n$ ab\t ! e>ly hi/ory & wor%ip ( ! nations4 ,f ^! sacr$ books1 ! traditions ( ! nations1 & f trac+ back ! developm5t ( religions ) ! aid ( monum5tal inscriptions1 we get a tol]ably cle> picture ( ! pass+ f ! wor%ip ( ! "o ,god into ! wor%ip ( _m gods & idols4 ,?is *ange took place gradually1 n abruptly4 ,x 0 a result ( ! natural deg5]ation ( ! race4 ,!re 7 c]ta9 deprav$ t5d5cies ( ! human he>t :i* br\ght x ab\t4 ,x 0 a "w ( "t to develop ^! & give !m full play4 ,we mu/ keep 9 m9d ^! facts & ! condition ( ! human race j at ?is "t1 if we w\ld correctly appreh5d ?is *ange & its sl[ly-mov+ b effici5t causes4 ,,! ,,transition4 ,! wor%ip ( "o ,god pass$ into ! wor%ip ( ! p[]s & objects ( nature4 ,?is grew out ( a natural awe at ! sight ( ! mighty =ces evid5tly at "w & yet inexplicable to ! nations 9 _! uncultur$ /ate4 ,_! habits ( life 7 simple4 ,:ile !y j\rney$1 z !y till$ _! fields1 or f$ _! flocks1 _! att5tion 0 drawn to ! sky1 n[ cle>1 n[ cl\dy2 to ! sun1 n[ %9+ 9 beauty1 n[ obscur$ 9 ! d>kness ( night2 to ! day-dawn & ! sunset1 to ! resurrection ( vegetable life 9 ! spr+1 ! gr[? ( crops ?r\gh ! heat ( summ]1 ! rip5+ h>ve/s ( autumn1 & ! cold ( w9t] & ! b>r5ness ( e>?4 ,!y gaz$ 9 awe ^u ! /orms2 ^u ! lightn+ z x gl>$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! d>k1 black cl\ds2 ^u ! tall trees b5d+ b5ea? ! /rong w9ds2 ^u ! m\nta9s %ak+ 9 ! e>?quake or vomit+ _! cont5ts ) rumbl+s1 & flame1 & smoke4 ,!y li/5$ 9 a/oni%m5t to ! noise ( ?und]1 to ! :i/l+1 & sigh+1 & ro>+ ( ! w9d4 ,) wond] !y saw ! e>? into :i* !y ca/ _! se$ return x to !m 9 ! manifold h>ve/2 !y wat*$ ! fruits & gra9s mature & rip54 ,all ab\t !m my/]i\s processes 7 go+ on1 :i* !y c\ld n compreh5d4 ,7 ^! processes mov$ by a ,/rong ,arm8 7 !y "u ! control ( a ,mighty ,p[]8 or 7 !y self-mov$ & guid$ by _! own inn]1 hidd5 =ces8 ,contact ) nature k9dles ! imag9ation4 ,9 e>ly days almo/ all ( ! nations 7 h]dsm5 & agriculturi/s4 ,_! dwell+s 7 simple & su* z ea* c\ld erect = himself2 _! food 0 su* z ea* c\ld provide = himself by ! *ase1 or f 8 own flocks or f 8 own fields4 ,a few 7 select$ to be ! rul]s ( ! re/1 or to pursue "s simple me*anical pursuits4 ,b ! majority 7 br\ght into ! close/ contact ) nature4 ,_! poetic imag9ations began to see life 9 nature's p[]s & objects1 !y began to p]sonify ^! & !n to p !m ) creatures ( _! own m9ds' mak+4 ,!y saw reflect$ _! own passions & conditions 9 ! ev5ts ( nature4 ,!y cr$it$ ! be+s dwell+ 9 ! skies1 or /orms1 or />s1 ) feel+s1 passions1 qu>rels l _! own4 ,:5 ! sky 0 cle>1 :5 ! w9ds 7 g5tle1 :5 ! seas & lakes 7 unruffl$ 9 _! calm repose1 :5 ! de/ructive p[]s ( nature 7 at re/1 !y imag9$ t ^! be+s 7 at peace among !mselves4 ,b :5 ! skies 7 ov]ca/1 :5 ! w9ds arose 9 fury1 :5 e>? & sea 7 convuls$1 ^! be+s 7 angry & at w> ) ea* o!r4 ,f9d+ !mselves unable to cont5d ) ^! /rong p[]s1 unable to resi/ _! ov]:elm+ influ5ces1 !y gradually recogniz$ ! be+s dwell+ 9 !m z sup]ior to !mselves1 & _! awe & my/]y l$ !m to give ^! sup]ior be+s ! place ( gods4 ,!y c\ld n prev5t ! sun f tak+ 8 dep>ture at ! close ( day4 ,!y c\ld n resi/ ! /rong =ce ( w9d or wave4 ,!y 7 m]e driv5 *aff2 z pygmies :om ^! giants c\ld easily ov]?r[2 z creatures ( a day 9 ! pres5ce ( ^!1 seem+ly1 ev]-endur+ be+s4 ,s man pass$ f ! wor%ip ( ,god to ! wor%ip ( ! works & =ces :i* ,god _h made2 f rev]5ce = ! ,creator to rev]5ce = ! creat$4 ,,! ,,fir/ ,,hymns ,,& ,,pray]s4 ,rev]5ce = ! gods 0 n m]ely a sil5t obs]vance & awe-/rick5 contemplation ( ! great p[]s at "w 9 nature4 ,! obs]v]s felt t ^! be+s held "s relation to !mselves1 & t praises1 pray]s & (f]+s w\ld n only be acceptable to ! gods1 b t !y 7 really dem&$ 9 ord] to av]t ! ang] ( ! gods or secure _! favor4 ,h5ce ! e>lie/ lit]ature ( ! race is devot$ to s++ ! praises or invok+ ! aid ( ! gods4 ,prie/s 7 soon select$ to repres5t ! p at ! seasons ( sacrifice & to give !mselves m cont9ually to pray] ?an w\ld be possible to m5 g5]ally4 ,! wor%ip ( ^! e>ly days 0 exce$+ly simple & ! prie/s possess$ no unusual p[]s4 ,z ,:itti] has express$ x3 8,! morn+ twilight ( ! race ,s5ds d[n ^! mat9 psalms2 ,& /ill ) wond]+ eyes we trace ,! simple pray]s to ,luna's grace1 ,t ,v$ic v]se embalms40 ,! ,am]ican ,indians1 ! ,aztecs ( we/]n ,s\? ,am]ica1 ! e>ly ,h9doos1 ! ,*9ese & ! ,p>sees all exhibit 9 _! sacr$ writ+s ?is nature-wor%ip4 ,traces ( x are /ill to be se5 9 ! ,p>sees' wor%ip ( ! sun1 9 ! wor%ip ( heav5 & e>? among ! ,*9ese1 9 ! ,indians' rev]5ce = ! ,great ,_s1 9 ! ,p]uvian sun-wor%ip & 9 _m o!r features ( wor%ip among ! hea!n nations ( to-day4 ,let u look at "s specim5s ( e>ly religi\s poetry4 ,! fir/ is f ,moni] ,williams' translations ( ! ,v$as4 ,v>una is ! god ( ! 8moi/+ sky10 ,agni is ! god ( fire1 ,srya1 ! sun-god1 ,indra ! atmosph]e-god4 8,! mighty ,v>una1 :o rules above1 looks d[n ,^u ^! worlds1 8 k+dom1 z if close at h&4 ,:5 m5 imag9e !y d aught by /eal?1 he kn[s x4 ,no "o c /&1 or walk1 or s(tly glide along1 ,or hide 9 d>k recess1 or lurk 9 secret cell1 ,b ,v>una detects him1 & 8 movem5ts spies4 ,two p]sons may devise "s plot1 toge!r sitt+1 ,& ?9k !mselves alone2 b he1 ! k+1 is !re-- ,a ?ird--& sees x all4 ,8 mess5g]s desc5d ,c\ntless f 8 abode1 =ev] trav]s+ ,?is _w1 & scann+ ) a ?\s& eyes its inmates4 ,:ate'er exi/s )9 ?is e>?1 & all )9 ! sky1 ,yea1 all t is beyond1 ,k+ ,v>una p]ceives4 ,! w9k+s ( m5's eyes are numb]$ all by him3 ,he wields ! univ]se z game/]s h&le dice4 8,indra1 tw9-bro!r ( ! god ( fire1 ,:5 ?\ wa/ born1 ?y "m ,aditi1 ,gave !e1 h] lu/y *ild1 ! ?rill+ draught ,( m\nta9-gr[+ ,soma--s\rce ( life ,& nev]-dy+ vigor to ?y frame4 ,?\ art our gu>dian1 advocate & fri5d1 ,a bro!r1 fa!r1 "m--all comb9$4 8,mo/ fa!rly ( fa!rs1 we are ?9e1 ,& ?\ art ours4 ,oh6 let ?y pity+ s\l ,turn to u 9 compassion :5 we praise !e1 ,& slay u n = "o s9 or = _m4 ,deliv] u to-day1 to-morr[1 e day4 ,va9ly ! demon d>es ?y might2 9 va9 ,/rives to deprive u ( ?y wat]y treasures4 ,e>? quakes b5ea? ! cra%+ ( ?y bolts4 ,pi]c$1 %att]$ lies ! foe--8 cities cru%$1 ,8 armies ov]?r[n1 8 =tresses ,%iv]$ to fragm5ts2 !n ! p5t-up wat]s1 ,releas$ f long imprisonm5t1 desc5d ,9 torr5ts to ! e>?1 & swoll5 riv]s1 ,foam+ & roll+ to _! ocean-home1 ,proclaim ! triumph ( ! ,?und]]4 8,agni1 ?\ art a sage1 a prie/1 a k+1 ,protector1 fa!r ( ! sacrifice4 ,commission$ by u m51 ?\ do/ asc5d ,a mess5g]1 convey+ to ! sky ,our hymns & (f]+s4 ,?\gh ?y orig9 ,be ?reefold1 n[ f air1 & n[ f wat]1 ,n[ f ! my/ic d\ble ,arani1 ,?\ art ?yself a mighty god1 a "l1 ,giv] ( life & immortality1 ,"o 9 ?y ess5ce1 b to mortals ?ree2 ,display+ ?9e et]nal triple =m1 ,z fire on e>?1 z lightn+ 9 ! air1 ,z sun 9 heav54 ,?\ art ! *]i%$ gue/ ,9 e h\sehold--fa!r1 bro!r1 son1 ,fri5d1 b5efactor1 gu>dian--all 9 "o4 ,deliv]1 mighty "l1 ?y wor%ip]s1 ,purge u f ta9t ( s91 & :5 we die1 ,deal m]cifully ) u on ! pyre1 ,burn+ our bodies ) _! load ( guilt1 ,b be>+ our et]nal "p on high ,to lum9\s abodes & realms ( bliss1 ,=ev] !re to dwell ) righte\s m54 8,behold ! rays ( ,dawn1 l h]alds1 lead on high ,! ,sun1 t m5 may see ! great all-kn[+ god4 ,! />s sl9k (f l ?ieves1 9 company ) night1 ,be=e ! all-see+ eye1 ^: beams reveal 8 pres5ce1 ,gleam+ l brilliant flames1 to nation aft] nation4 ,srya1 ) flam+ locks1 cle>-sight$ god ( day1 ,?y sev5 ruddy m>es be> on ?y ru%+ c>4 ,) ^! ?y self-yok$ /e$s1 sev5 daught]s ( ?y *>iot1 ,onw>d ?\ do/ advance4 ,to ?y refulg5t orb1 ,beyond ?is l[] gloom1 & upw>d to ! light ,w\ld we asc5d1 ,o ,sun1 ?\ god among ! gods40 ,! ,samoy$es ?us address$ ,jumala1 ! god ( ! air3 8,h>ness n[ ?yself1 ,jumala1 ,rul] ( ! air1 ?y horses6 ,br+ !m =?1 ?y rapid rac]s1 ,drive ! sl$ge ) glitt]+ colors1 ,pass+ ?r\gh our bones1 our ankles1 ,?r\gh our fle% t %akes & trembles1 ,?r\gh our ve9s :i* seem all brok51 ,knit ! fle% & bones toge!r1 ,fa/5 ve9 to ve9 m firmly1 ,let our jo9ts be fill$ ) silv]1 ,let our ve9s ) gold be runn+60 ,! pr9cipal ,*9ese deities are call$ ,ti5-,*i1 or ,heav5 & ,e>?4 ,confucius pres]v$ 9 8 writ+s ! anci5t wor%ip ( ^! gods4 ,! ,mongolians also wor%ip$ ! ,t5g-,ri1 or god ( ! sky4 ,! ,*9ese h = c5turies believ$ 9 8cele/ial spirits10 z !y call !m1 spirits ( ! sun1 & moon1 & />s2 spirits ( cl\ds1 w9ds1 ra9 & ?und]2 spirits ( m\nta9s1 fields1 riv]s1 gra9s & trees4 ,all ^! 7 rev]5c$ z gods4 ,s ! ,egyptians wor%ip$ natural objects & p[]s4 ,inde$1 e "o ( ! religions :i* exi/$ 9 antiquity1 & ( :i* any?+ is kn[n1 possess$ nature-wor%ip z _! prim>y elem5t4 ,! anci5t religions :i* cont9ue unto ?is day1 also possess ?is *>act]i/ic1 & ?\gh cov]$ ) ! dbris & ov]gr[? ( c5turies ( sup]/iti\s tea*+s1 /ill x is to be di/9ctly trac$4 ,,:]e ,,did ,,idol-,,wor%ip ,,come ,,f8 ,?us f> we h no trace ( any o!r ?an ! direct wor%ip ei!r ( ,god2 or ( ! invisible spirits1 or gods1 t 7 suppos$ to dwell 9 ! objects ( nature2 or ( ^? objects !mselves4 ,z yet no attempt _h be5 made to repres5t !m by images or idols4 ,:51 :]e & h[ did ! wor%ip ( idols take its rise8 ,^! are que/ions difficult to answ]4 ,9 ! ,bible ! fir/ di/9ct traces ( idolatry are f\nd 9 ,g5esis xxxi1 #ai1 :]e we read t 8,ra*el _h /ol5 ! images t 7 h] fa!r's40 ,^! images1 or idols1 or gods1 z bo? ,jacob & ,laban t]m !m1 7 ! t]aphim or luck-giv]s4 ,!y _h a human head & 7 us$ 9 div9ation or =tune-tell+4 ,!y 7 consult$ z oracles4 ,b ^! c\ld h>dly h be5 ! fir/ idols1 = _! idea 0 too well develop$4 ,!re mu/ h be5 a gradual introduction ( idols & ( ! idea ( mak+ repres5tations ( ! gods4 ,! acc\nt 9 ,g5esis1 j ref]r$ to1 speaks z ?\gh x 7 no unusual ?+ to h gods2 !re is no expression ( /rang5ess at ! occurr5ce1 nor any?+ t w\ld indicate t ^! 7 ! fir/ kn[n idols4 ,:at foll[s is sugge/$ z ! probable l9e ( developm5t 9 ! idea ( idols1 b s f> z is n[ kn[n1 !re is no way ( def9itely det]m9+ ! "q4 ,illu/ration3 ,,t]aphim4 ,f9d+ x difficult to fa/5 _! ?\ghts on invisible1 intangible be+s1 m51 at ! beg9n+1 probably s\ght to aid _! wor%ip by select+ "s object to repres5t ! be+ wor%ip$4 ,?is object 0 n to be wor%ip$ 9 & = itself1 b1 simply1 z an aid to devotion1 repres5t+ ! be+ wor%ip$4 ,!n1 gradually1 ! wor%ip 0 transf]r$ to ! object & )drawn f ! be+ repres5t$4 ,or1 x may be t ! be+ wor%ip$ 0 suppos$ 9 "s mann] to dwell 9 ! idol1 & 0 wor%ip$ ?us4 ,or1 x may be t meteoric /ones 7 reg>d$ z images ( ! gods s5t d[n f ! heav5s4 ,or1 x may h be5 9 sev]al ( ^! ways1 or 9 all comb9$4 ,! /hetic ta/es ( m5 w\ld soon lead !m to give a m %apely appe>ance to ! meteoric masses ( /one1 & !n1 z ^! mu/ ( necessity be sc>ce1 copies ( !m 7 sculptur$4 ,z m5 became m & m accu/om$ to ^! idols & less & less spiritual 9 _! wor%ip !y w\ld v5ture to give expression to _! ideas ( ! unse5 gods4 ,o!r mat]ials 7 us$ &1 z might be requir$ by ! mat]ials1 o!r %apes 7 ( necessity giv54 ,at fir/1 x w\ld seem1 t only repres5tations ( animals 7 attempt$1 !n1 z 9 ! t]aphim1 ! head ( man 0 atta*$ to v>i\s animal =ms1 z also 9 ,dagon1 ! fi%-god1 :i* 0 a human figure1 t]m9at+ 9 a fi%4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dagon1 ,,! ,,fi%-,,god4 ,:5 ?is introduction ( idols occurr$1 we _c tell2 probably1 n long aft] ! wor%ip ( nature _h become e/abli%$1 & ! wor%ip ( "o ,god _h be5 g5]ally =gott54 ,n v mu* m ?an "o hundr$ & fifty ye>s elaps$ betwe5 ! dea? ( ,noah & ! bir? ( ,jacob1 s t 9 all probability idols _h n long be5 9 use :5 ?is incid5t ( ,jacob & ,laban took place4 ,n long aft] ?is "t ! full human figure 0 us$ 9 idol repres5tations1 & 9 a %ort p]iod a collection ( idols w\ld h repres5t$ almo/ e conceivable object1 & be+1 & creature ( ! wild fancy ( man4 ,^! 7 made ( all mann] ( mat]ials1 ( all %apes & sizes4 ,! highe/ conceptions ( art 7 lavi%$ on "s ( ^! idols1 & at ! same "t ! rude/ notions ( ! mo/ b>b>\s nations 7 also express$ 9 !m4 ,! ^w idol orig9ally meant simply an image1 & only 9 aft] ages 0 an idol reg>d$ z itself a div9e ?+ or be+1 r ?an m]ely an image ( x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,s]p5t ,,idol4 ,?us we h trac$ ! wor%ip ( ! _w d[n ?r\gh ! ages ( antiquity4 ,we h _h to rely ^u o!r ?an m]ely hi/oric s\rces ( in=mation4 ,we h se5 ! gradual introduction ( ,poly!ism 7_m gods' wor%ip71 & ( idolatry 7! wor%ip ( visible =ms74 ,= ! re/ ( our way ! light %9es m & m cle>ly4 ,hi/oric times are n[ rea*$1 & we %all f9d mu* less difficulty 9 trac+ ! /ories ( religions3 & we %all also f9d data f :i* we may reason back1 & s f9d confirmation ( :at has ?us f> be5 ( necessity some:at %ad[y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gr\p ,,( ,,alt>s4 ,,roman4 ,,assyrian4 ,,egyptian4 ,,egyptian4 ,,assyrian4 ,,babylonian4 ,,grecian4 ,,grecian4 ,,p]sian4 ,be=e pass+ to ^!1 h[ev]1 we %all turn aside = a little to consid] ! te/imony :i* anci5t hea!n records & traditions furni% on ! g5u95ess ( ! ,bible hi/ory1 & also to notice ! s+ul> sy/em ( ,hebrew wor%ip1 /&+ alone l a gre5 oasis 9 ! we>y wa/es ( hea!nism4 ,illu/ration3 ,,idol ,,f ,,h9du/an4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,sacr$ ,,& ,,hea!n ,,traditions4 ,:at appe>s to be ( mo/ importance is1 ! fact1 atte/$ by ! hi]oglyphic pa9t+s ( ! ,mexican1 z well z by ! tales n[ curr5t 9 all qu>t]s f ! ,arctic ,ocean to ,cape ,horn1 t "o ( ^! great p]iods1 call$ 8! ,age ( ,wat]s10 clos$ ) a convulsion1 ! acc\nt ( :i*1 9 all its broad] outl9es1 is rem>kably ak9 to ! ,mosaic record ( ! ,deluge4--,,ar*deacon ,,*>les ,,h>dwick4 ,f "t to "t dur+ ! pa/ half c5tury travel]s h une>!d traditions f among hea!n nations conc]n+ ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,!y h deciph]$ inscriptions1 f\nd ! key to ! hi]oglyphics1 or writ+s ^: lett]s 7 yet pictures 9 =m1 &1 by que/ion+1 le>n$ f ! hea!n peoples !mselves ( traditions & leg5ds :i* be> ^u ! prom95t ev5ts ( e>ly hi/ory4 ,^! n>ratives are f a v>iety ( s\rces & f peoples diff]+ widely 9 locality1 language & civilization4 ,!y are matt]s ( curi\s int]e/1 & !y s]ve to confirm ! ,biblical /ories ( ! creation1 deluge1 disp]sion ( ! races & o!r ev5ts4 ,!y agree to a great ext5t among !mselves1 j z f> z is really possible consid]+ ! *ang+ circum/ances ( ! peoples :o hold !m4 ,b !y s]ve ano!r & m important purpose to u j "h4 ,!y ?r[ mu* light on ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! religions ( :i* !y =m a "p4 ,!y confirm ! idea ( ! orig9al unity ( ! race & ( ! e>ly exi/5ce ( "o religion = ! _w4 ,! olde/ civilizations ( ! _w are1 respectively1 ^? ( ,egypt1 ,babylon1 ,ph5icia1 ! ,h9du & ! ,greek4 ,among ea* ( ^! ! traditions ( ! e>ly ev5ts ref]r$ to above are f\nd4 ,almo/1 ?\gh n q1 all ! nations ( ! _w try to give "s acc\nt ( ! orig9 ( ! _w & ( nations4 ,_m ( ! unciviliz$ peoples1 z ! ,indians ( ,am]ica1 ! ,mexicans & ! ,pacific ,isl&]s1 h "s popul> /ories ( ! deluge4 ,we propose to place side by side "s ( ^!1 t !y may be comp>$ ) ea* o!r4 ,! traditions ( ! creation are (t5 mix$ up ) ^? ( ! deluge or ! re-creation1 & we give ( !m ! v]sions accept$ by ! be/ s*ol>s4 ,,traditions ,,( ,,creation4 ,among _m peoples is f\nd ! tea*+ t man 0 made ( ! du/ ( ! e>?4 ,! ,greeks repres5t ,prome!us z m\ld+ f clay ! fir/ human be+s1 & giv+ !m life by means ( fire :i* he /ole f heav54 ,! ,p]uvians call$ ! fir/ man ,alpa ,camasca1 or 8animat$ e>?40 ,! ,m&ans1 a tribe ( ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 believ$ t ! ,great ,_s =m$ two figures ( clay1 :i* he dri$ & animat$ by ! brea? ( 8 m\?4 ,to ! "o 0 giv5 ! "n ( ! 8fir/ man10 to ! o!r1 8companion40 ,! ,otaheitans said t ,god made man ( r$ e>?1 & ! ,dyacks ( ,borneo1 t he _h be5 made ( common du/4 ,! ,zoroa/rians 7or ,p>sees7 9 ! ,bundehe%1 a book conta9+ none b anci5t traditions1 h _m traditions reg>d+ ! creation & fall ( man4 ,! g>d5 ( ,ed5 0 und\bt$ly 9 s\!rn ,p]sia1 or ne> by1 h5ce ^! are traditions :i* h l+]$ ar\nd ! spot :]e ! ev5ts happ5$4 ,accord+ to ! ,p>sees1 !re 0 a g>d5 :]e ! fir/ human be+s liv$1 & 9 x two trees1 ! "o be>+ 8,haoma10 suppos$ to give immortality to ^? :o drank its juice4 7,haoma & ! ,h9du ^w 8,soma0 are probably diff]5t =ms ( "o ^w4 ,! ,h9du ,soma 0 possess$ ( ! same prop]ties z ! ,p>see ,haoma74 ,!n foll[s a /ory ( ! fir/ temptation ( man1 be>+ ! close/ resemblance to ! ,bible /ory1 ev5 9 ! incid5t ( ! tempt] hav+ tak5 ! =m ( a s]p5t4 ,! inhabitants ( ! ,c>ol9e ,isl&s1 a gr\p 9 ,micronesia1 said3 8,9 ! beg9n+ !re 0 no dea?1 b a c]ta9 ,erigireg]s1 :o 0 "o ( ! evil spirits1 & :o 0 sorry to see ! happ9ess ( ! human race1 contriv$ to get = !m a sort ( dea? f :i* !y %\ld nev] wake40 ,! ,hott5tots said t 8_! fir/ p>5ts _h committ$ s great a fault1 & s griev\sly (f5d$ ! ,supreme ,god1 t he _h curs$ bo? !m & _! *ildr540 ,b]osus1 ! ,*aldean1 read f ! inscriptions on ! ,assyrian monum5ts1 ! tradition t !re _h be5 t5 k+s be=e ! deluge4 ,t5 ant$iluvian h]oes are m5tion$ 9 ,g5esis4 ,! leg5ds ( ! ,p>sees say ! same ?+4 ,9 ,india ! traditions tell ( n9e ,brahmadikas1 :o1 ) ,brahma1 ! fir/ ( all1 make t51 :om !y call$ ! ,t5 ,fa!rs4 ,! ,*9ese c\nt t5 emp]ors1 :o reign$ be=e hi/orical times began4 ,!re is a multitude ( correspond5ces simil> to ^!4 ,^! are select$ simply z specim5s4 ,!re is ano!r tradition1 well-nigh univ]sal1 & agree+ 9 all important p>ticul>s z told by diff]5t nations4 ,?is is t conc]n+ ! flood4 ,9 addition to traditions !re are co9s1 m$als & monum5tal inscriptions :i* p]petuate ! /ory1 z is illu/rat$ 9 ! specim5 co9 giv5 bel[4 ,,traditions ,,( ,,! ,,deluge4 ,let u keep 9 m9d ! diff]5ces betwe5 ! nations hold+ ! tradition4 ,x 0 impossible = !m to h conf]r$ ) "o ano!r1 or to h copi$ f ea* o!r4 ,! confusion ( languages1 _! wide sep>ation 9 po9t ( space & "t1 prev5t$ ?is4 ,! olde/ hi/oric nation1 ,egypt1 hav+ lo/ mo/ ( its sacr$ books be=e !y 7 made kn[n to o!r nations or ev5 to ! lat] g5]ations among !mselves1 possess few traces ( ! tradition4 ,"o passage 9 ! writ+s ( ,mane?o1 ! hi/orian1 di/9ctly ref]s to ! deluge4 8,! ,book ( ! ,dead0 con/antly ref]s to ! sun-god1 ,ra1 z voyag+ 9 a boat on ! cele/ial ocean1 & ,ra is said to h be5 s disgu/$ ) ! insol5ce ( m5 t he det]m9$ to ext]m9ate ! race4 ,illu/ration3 ,,co9 ,,repres5t+ ,,! ,,deluge4 ,cle> & complete is ! acc\nt :i* ,b]osus has pres]v$4 ,he 0 a le>n$ ,*aldean prie/1 liv+ 9 ! "t ( ,alex&] ! ,great1 ab\t #cbe ,b4,c4 ,?is n>rative is a translation made f ! inscriptions ( ! ,assyrian monum5ts1 & comp>$ ) traditions ( 8 own "t4 ,,! ,,*aldean ,,/ory4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ,ardates1 8 son1 ,xisu?rus1 reign$ eighte5 sori 7an unc]ta9 p]iod74 ,9 8 "t happ5$ a great deluge1 ! hi/ory ( :i* is ?us describ$3 ,! deity ,kronos appe>$ to him 9 a vision & w>n$ him t on ! #ae? day ( ! mon? ,dsius !re w\ld be a flood by :i* mank9d w\ld be de/roy$4 ,he !re=e enjo9$ him to write a hi/ory ( ! beg9n+1 c\rse & end ( all ?+s2 & to bury x 9 ! ,city ( ! ,sun1 at ,sipp>a4#a ,he 0 also to build a vessel1 & to take ) him into x 8 fri5ds & relatives1 he 0 to put on bo>d ( x food & dr9k1 ) diff]5t reptiles1 birds & quadrup$s4 ,z soon z he _h made all arrangem5ts he 0 to commit himself to ! deep4 ,hav+ ask$ ! ,deity :i!r he 0 to sail1 he 0 answ]$3 8,to ! gods1 aft] hav+ (f]$ a pray] = ! good ( mank9d40 ,:]eupon1 n be+ disob$i5t to ?is heav5ly vision1 he built a vessel five /adia 9 l5g? & two 9 bread?4 ,into ?is he put ev]y?+ :i* he _h prep>$1 & emb>k$ 9 x ) 8 wife1 8 *ildr5 & 8 p]sonal fri5ds4 ,aft] ! flood _h be5 ^u ! e>? & _h 9 due "t abat$1 ,xisu?rus s5t out "s birds f ! vessel1 :i* n f9d+ any food1 nor any place :]e !y c\ld re/1 return$ to ! vessel4 ,aft] an int]val ( "s days1 ,xisu?rus s5t out ! birds a second "t1 & n[ !y return$ to ! %ip ) mud on _! feet4 ,a ?ird "t he repeat$ ! exp]im5t & !n !y return$ no m4 ,xisu?rus h5ce judg$ t ! e>? 0 visible above ! wat]s1 & accord+ly he made an op5+ 9 ! vessel1 & see+ t x 0 /r&$ ^u ! summit ( a c]ta9 m\nta91 he quitt$ x ) 8 wife & daught] & ! pilot4 ,hav+ !n paid 8 adoration to ! e>?1 & hav+ built an alt> & (f]$ sacrifice to ! gods1 he1 toge!r ) ^? :o _h left ! vessel ) him1 disappe>$4 ,^? :o _h rema9$ 9 ! vessel1 :5 !y f\nd t ,xisu?rus & 8 companions did n return1 9 _! turn left ! vessel & began to look = him1 call+ him by 8 "n4 ,him !y saw no m1 b a voice came to !m f heav51 bidd+ !m lead pi\s lives1 & s jo9 him :o 0 gone to live ) ! gods1 & fur!r in=m+ !m t 8 wife1 8 daught] & ! pilot _h %>$ ! same honor4 ,x told !m1 moreov]1 t !y %\ld return to ,babylon1 & h[ x 0 orda9$ t !y %\ld take up ! writ+s t _h be5 buri$ 9 ,sipp>a1 & imp>t !m to mank9d1 & t ! c\ntry :]e !y !n 7 0 ! l& ( ,arm5ia4 ,hav+ he>d ^! words ?is company (f]$ sacrifices to ! gods1 & tak+ a circuit j\rney$ to ,babylon4 ,! vessel hav+ be5 ?us /r&$ 9 ,arm5ia1 & p>ts ( x /ill rema9+ 9 ! m\nta9s ( ! ,corcyrans 7or ,cordyans1 i4 e41 ! ,kurds ( ,kurdi/an71 9 ,arm5ia1 ! p scrape (f ! bitum5 f ! vessel & make use ( x by way ( *>ms4 ,n[1 :5 ^? :o 7 s comm&$ return$ to ,babylon1 !y dug up ! writ+s :i* _h be5 buri$ at ,sipp>a2 !y also f\nd$ _m cities & built temples1 & ?us ! c\ntry ( ,babylon became inhabit$ aga94 ,! ,h9doo n>rative has be5 color$ by ! "* ( t p1 b yet x is pres]v$ ) great accuracy1 & possesses _m po9ts ( lik5ess to ! ,biblical /ory4 ,,! ,,h9doo ,,tradition4 ,! traditions ( ,india appe> 9 _m =ms4 ,! "o :i* mo/ rem>kably agrees ) ! ,biblical acc\nt is t conta9$ 9 ! ,mahbhrata4 ,we are !re told t ,brahma1 hav+ tak5 ! =m ( a fi%1 appe>$ to ! pi\s ,manu 7,satya1 i4 e41 ! righte\s1 z ,noah also is call$71 on ! banks ( ! riv] ,wir9i4 ,!nce1 at 8 reque/1 ,manu transf]r$ him to ! ,ganges :5 he _h gr[n bigg]1 & f9ally1 :5 he 0 too l>ge = ev5 ! ,ganges1 to ! ocean4 ,brahma n[ ann\nces to ,manu ! approa* ( ! ,deluge1 & bids him build a %ip1 & put 9 x all k9ds ( se$s1 toge!r ) ! sev5 ,ri%ic1 or holy be+s4 ,! flood beg9s & cov]s ! :ole e>?4 ,brahma himself appe>s 9 ! =m ( a horn$ fi% & ! vessel be+ made fa/ to him1 he draws x = _m ye>s1 & f9ally l&s on ! highe/ summit ( ,m\nt ,him>at 7i4 e41 ! ,himalaya74 ,aft]w>ds1 by ! comm& ( ,god1 ! %ip is made fa/1 & 9 memory ( ! ev5t1 ! m\nta9 is call$ ,naub&hana 7i4 e41 %ip b9d+74 ,by ! favor ( ,brahma1 ,manu1 aft] ! ,flood1 creates ! new race ( mank9d1 :i* is !nce=? t]m$ ,manud%a1 or born ( ,manu4 ,! ,*9ese /ory is sometimes call$ 9 "q z possibly n ref]r+ to ! g5]al deluge1 b to "s local flood4 ,! tru? is1 we "k z yet comp>atively little ab\t ! /ory1 :i* is z foll[s3 ,,! ,,*9ese ,,tradition4 ,fuh-he is ! reput$ f\nd] ( ! ,*9ese civilization & ! au?or ( ! ,yhi-k+1 ! olde/ ( ! sacr$ books4 ,accord+ to ! leg5d1 he is repres5t$ z escap+ f ! wat]s ( a deluge1 & re-appe>+ z ! fir/ man at ! production ( a r5ovat$ _w4 ,he is att5d$ by sev5 companions1 8 wife1 ?ree sons & ?ree daught]s4 ,dr4 ,gutzlaff1 long a resid5t 9 ,*9a1 says t he saw 9 "o ( ! ,buddhi/ temples a repres5tation ( ! deluge 9 pla/] "w4 ,let x be kept 9 m9d1 t ,buddhism incorporat$ 9 e l& to :i* x w5t all ! traditions1 my?s & leg5ds :i* x f\nd curr5t among ! p4 8,9 beautiful /ucco10 ,dr4 ,gutzlaff says1 80 depict$ ! sc5e :]e ,kwan-,y91 ! ,goddess ( ,m]cy1 looks d[n f heav5 ^u ! lonely ,fuh-he 7or ,noah7 9 8 ark1 amid/ ! rag+ waves ( a deluge1 ) ! dove ) an olive bran* 9 its beak1 fly+ t[>d ! vessel40 ,pass+ to ! o!r side ( ! ,pacific ,ocean1 we f9d among ! ,mexicans & ! ,am]icans traditions ( ! same "* z ! above4 ,^! agree s precisely t !y _c be a my?1 a m]e inv5tion1 b mu/ ( necessity1 be ! recollection ( a real1 t]rible ev5t1 indelibly impress$ on ! memories ( _! ance/ors1 & fai?fully h&$ d[n4 ,t x has nev] be5 =gott51 nor its important po9ts alt]$1 ev5 ?\gh ! dress ( ! /ory has be5 *ang$1 is an evid5ce ( ! awful impression :i* ?is judgm5t ( ,god left ^u ! nations desc5d+ f ! survivors4 ,! ,mexican traditions 7 fir/ tak5 d[n z !y 7 told to ! ,dom9ican mission>ies4 ,travel]s h comp>$ _! acc\nts ) ! hi]oglyphics on anci5t ,mexican monum5ts & f\nd !m to agree4 ,,! ,,mexican ,,leg5d4 8,( ! diff]5t nations t inhabit ,mexico10 says ,a4 von ,humboldt1 8! foll[+ _h pa9t+s resembl+ ! deluge ( ,coxcox1 namely1 ! ,aztecs1 ! ,mixtecs1 ! ,zapotecs1 ! ,tlascaltecs & ! ,me*oacans4 ,! ,noah1 ,xisu?ras1 or ,manu ( ^! nations1 is t]m$ ,coxcox1 ,teo ,cipactli1 or ,tezpi4 ,he sav$ himself ) 8 wife1 ,xo*iquetzatl1 9 a b>k1 or1 accord+ to o!r traditions1 on a raft4 ,! pa9t+ repres5ts ,coxcox 9 ! mid/ ( ! wat] wait+ = a b>k4 ,! m\nta91 ! summit ( :i* arises above ! wat]s1 is ! peak ( ,colhuacan1 ! ,ar>at ( ! ,mexicans4 ,at ! foot ( ! m\nta9 are ! heads ( ,coxcox & 8 wife4 ,! latt] is kn[n by two tresses 9 ! =m ( horns1 d5ot+ ! female sex4 ,! m5 born aft] ! deluge 7 dumb3 ! dove f ! top ( a tree di/ribut$ among !m tongues1 repres5t$ "u ! =m ( small commas40 ,( ! ,me*oacan tradition he writes1 8t ,coxcox1 :om !y call$ ,tezpi1 emb>k$ 9 a spaci\s acalli ) 8 wife1 8 *ildr51 sev]al animals & "s gra94 ,:5 ! ,great ,_s ord]$ ! wat]s to )draw1 ,tezpi s5t out f 8 b>k a vulture1 ! zopilote1 or vultur aura4 ,?is bird did n return on acc\nt ( ! c>casses ) :i* ! e>? 0 /rewn4 ,tezpi s5t out o!r birds1 "o ( :i*1 ! humm+-bird1 alone return$1 hold+ 9 its beak a bran* clad ) leaves4 ,tezpi1 see+ t fre% v]dure cov]$ ! soil1 quitt$ 8 b>k ne> ! m\nta9 ( ,colhuacan40 ,! ,p]uvians also h leg5ds ( ! deluge z h _m ( ! ,polynesian isl&]s4 ,,! ,,fiji ,,isl&]s' ,,tradition4 ,! ,fiji ,isl&]s say t 8aft] ! isl&s _h be5 peopl$ by ! fir/ man & woman1 a great ra9 took place1 by :i* !y 7 f9ally subm]g$2 b be=e ! highe/ places 7 cov]$ by ! wat]s1 two l>ge d\ble canoes made _! appe>ance4 ,9 "o ( ^! 0 ,rokora1 ! god ( c>p5t]s1 9 ! o!r ,rokola1 8 head workman1 :o pick$ up "s ( ! p & kept !m on bo>d until ! wat]s _h subsid$2 aft] :i* !y 7 aga9 l&$ on ! isl&4 ,x is report$1 t 9 =m] times1 canoes 7 always kept 9 read9ess aga9/ ano!r inundation4 ,! p]sons ?us sav$1 eight 9 numb]1 7 l&$ at ,mb5ga1 :]e ! highe/ ( _! gods is said to h made 8 fir/ appe>ance4 ,by virtue ( ?is tradition1 ! *iefs ( ,mb5ga take rank be=e all o!rs1 & h always act$ a conspicu\s "p among ! ,fijis4 ,!y /yle !mselves ,ngalidura-ki-langi--subject to heav5 alone40 ,,am]ican ,,indian ,,traditions4 ,_m ( ! tribes ( ,nor? ,am]ica relat$ 9 _! rude leg5ds t ! human race _h be5 de/roy$ by a deluge1 & t _! god1 to re-p ! e>?1 _h *ang$ animals into m54 ,! travel]1 ,h5ry1 repeats a tradition :i* he _h he>d f ! ,indians ( ! ,lakes4 ,=m]ly ! ,fa!r ( ! ,indian tribes liv$ t[>d ! ris+ sun4 ,hav+ be5 w>n$ by a dream t a deluge 0 com+ to de/roy ! e>?1 he con/ruct$ a raft1 on :i* he sav$ himself ) 8 family & all animals4 ,he float$ ?us _m mon?s on ! wat]4 ,! animals1 :i* !n _h ! p[] ( spee*1 compla9$ al\d & murmur$ aga9/ him4 ,at la/ a new e>? appe>$1 & he /epp$ d[n on x ) all ^! creatures1 :o !nce=w>d lo/ ! p[] ( spee* z a puni%m5t = _! murmurs aga9/ _! pres]v]4 ,,! ,,greek ,,/ory4 ,hellas has two v]sions ( a flood1 "o associat$ ) ,ogyges1 & ! o!r1 9 a f> m elaborate =m1 ) ,deucalion4 ,bo?1 h[ev]1 are ( late orig94 ,!y 7 unkn[n to ,hom] & ,hesiod4 ,h]odotus1 ?\gh he m5tions ,deucalion z "o ( ! fir/ k+s ( ! ,hell5es1 says n a ^w ab\t ?is flood4 ,p9d> is ! fir/ writ] :o m5tions x4 ,9 ,apollodorus & ,ovid ! /ory appe>s 9 a mu* m def9ite %ape1 ?\gh1 ( c\rse1 ?is is b a re-writ+ ( ! e>ly tradition4 ,f9ally1 ,lucian gives a n>rative n v diff]5t f t ( ,ovid1 except t he makes provision = ! safety ( ! animals1 :i* ,ovid does n4 ,he attributes ! necessity = ! ,deluge to ! exce$+ wick$ness ( ! exi/+ race ( m51 & decl>es t ! e>? op5$ & s5t =? wat]s to swall[ !m up1 z well z t heavy ra9 fell ^u !m4 ,deucalion1 z ! "o righte\s man1 escap$ ) 8 wife & *ildr5 & ! animals he _h put into ! *e/ & l&$ on ! top ( ,p>nassus1 aft] n9e days & n9e nights1 dur+ :i* ! *ief "p ( ,hellas 0 "u wat]1 & all m5 p]i%$ except a few :o rea*$ ! tops ( ! highe/ m\nta9s4 ,plut>* m5tions ! dove :i* ,deucalion made use ( to asc]ta9 :e!r ! flood 0 abat$1 ?\gh he may h borr[$ ?is f ! ,septuag9t v]sion ( ! ,old ,te/am5t1 access to :i* he _h probably enjoy$1 & ) :i* he 0 mo/ likely famili>4 ,! _m po9ts ( agreem5t w be readily not$4 ,! fact ( a deluge ( wat]s s5t by ! ,supreme ,be+1 z a puni%m5t = man's wick$ness2 ! sav+ ( a *os5 few by means ( a boat2 ! re-peopl+ ( ! e>? by ^!1 all pres5t po9ts ( lik5ess to ! ,biblical acc\nt4 ,?is is inexplicable unless ! record is true & all ! nations ( ! e>? 7 made ( "o blood4 ,b ^! are n all ( ! rem>kable agreem5ts4 ,( ! same "* z ! above /ories1 are ! traditions ( ! hi/ory ( ! race aft] ! flood1 ( ! build+ ( ! t[] ( ,babel1 & ! confusion ( tongues4 ,we c call att5tion to b "o ( ^!1 ! ,*aldean acc\nt conc]n+ ! t[] ( ,babel1 :i* may be reg>d$ z a fair specim5 ( ! _m4 ,,*aldean ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,t[] ,,( ,,babel4 ,! /ory ( ! 8,t[] ( ! ,tongues0 0 among ! mo/ anci5t recollections ( ! ,*aldeans1 & 0 "o ( ! national traditions ( ! ,arm5ians1 :o _h receiv$ x f ! civiliz$ nations inhabit+ ! ,tigro-,euphrates bas94 ,b]osus records ?is ev5t 9 complete agreem5t ) ! ,bible1 z foll[s3 8,!y say t ! fir/ inhabitants ( ! e>?1 glory+ 9 _! own /r5g? & size & despis+ ! gods1 und]took to raise a t[] ^: top %\ld rea* ! sky1 9 ! place 9 :i* ,babylon n[ /&s2 b :5 x approa*$ ! heav51 ! w9d assi/$ ! gods & ov]?rew ! "w ^u its contriv]s1 & its ru9s are said to be /ill at ,babylon2 & ! gods introduc$ a div]sity ( tongues among m51 :o till t "t _h all spok5 ! same language2 & a w> arose betwe5 ,*ronus & ,titan4 ,! place 9 :i* !y built ! t[] is n[ call$ ,babylon1 on acc\nt ( ! confusion ( tongues1 = confusion is by ! ,hebrews call$ ,babel40 ,,:at ,,has ,,! ,,bible ,,to ,,say ,,ab\t ,,idolatry8 ,!re is ano!r aspect ( ! relation ( ! ,bible to ! hea!n religions1 to :i* we %\ld call att5tion4 ,9 :at t]ms does ! ,bible speak ( ! wor%ip ( false gods & idols8 ,! ,israelites 7 br\ght into contact ) idolatry v e>ly 9 _! hi/ory4 ,! patri>*s 7 famili> ) x1 bo? z !y j\rney$ abroad & among _! neighbors at home4 ,abraham's p>5ts 7 at lea/ p>tially idolatr\s4 ,jacob1 :ile liv+ ) ,laban1 0 accu/om$ to ! sight ( ! t]aphim & o!r gods4 ,joseph _h = 8 wife ! daught] ( a hea!n ,egyptian prie/4 ,jacob & 8 *ildr51 dur+ _! life 9 ,egypt1 7 surr\nd$ by temples1 idol groves1 sacr$ bea/s & all ! p>aph]nalia ( hea!n wor%ip4 ,moses 0 br\ght up 9 all ! le>n+ ( ! ,egyptians4 ,und\bt$ly1 z 0 cu/om>y 9 ,egypt1 he _h = 8 tea*]s ,egyptian prie/s4 ,:5 ,israel made its exodus f ,egypt1 ! miracul\s p[] :i* ,god gave to ,moses 0 br\ght into contact ) ! p[] ( ! sorc]]s & magicians ( ,ph>aoh's c\rt4 ,aft] !y _h left ,egypt !y rememb]$ ! idol-wor%ip !y _h be5 accu/om$ to see4 ,! fir/ idol ev] made & wor%ip$ by ! ,hebrews1 0 ! gold5 calf4 ,side by side ) ?is incid5t1 is ! fir/ pla9 comm& aga9/ idolatry3 8,?\ %alt h no o!r gods be=e me4 ,?\ %alt n make unto !e any grav5 image1 or any lik5ess ( any?+ t is 9 ! heav5 above1 or t is 9 ! e>? b5ea?1 or t is 9 ! wat]s "u ! e>?3 ?\ %alt n b[ d[n ?yself to !m1 nor s]ve !m40 ,:ile ,god 0 giv+ ?is /]n1 /rong1 pla9 comm& to ,moses1 = him to repeat to ! *os5 p ( ,israel1 !y 7 engag$ 9 _! idolatr\s wor%ip4 ,9 ! comm& to ,israel1 we see h[ ,god reg>ds ! wor%ip ( idols4 ,= a:ile ,israel reg>d$ ,god's comm&4 ,on _! way to ,canaan !y yield$ to ! *>ms ( ! daught]s ( ,moab1 & ) mo/ t]ribly wick$ wor%ip !y b[$ to ! hea!n god ,baal-,peor4 ,= ?is !y 7 sev]ely puni%$4 ,dur+ ! life ( ,jo%ua !y did n aga9 yield to ! temptations ( idolatry4 ,gideon's fa!r1 ,joa%1 wor%ip$ ,baal4 ,aft] ,gideon's dea?1 idolatry became ! national s9 ( ,israel4 ,f ,samuel's "t until ! reign ( ,solomon1 ! p 7 loyal to ,jehovah's wor%ip4 ,solomon's =eign wives br\ght ) !m ! gods :i* !y 7 accu/om$ to wor%ip1 & soon all ,israel 0 turn$ to wor%ip !m4 ,f ?is "t until aft] ! captivity at ,babylon1 idolatry 0 ! con/ant s9 ( ,israel4 ,(t5 ,god s5t 8 mess5g]s1 ! prophets1 to w>n !m ( ! dang] ( _! s94 ,(t5 ,8 judgm5ts 7 %[n 9 ! t]rible calamities :i* came ^u ,israel4 ,b x took ! mo/ awful ( all calamities1 ! tempor>y ru9 ( ! nation1 to "w a complete cure4 ,god *ose ,israel z ! p to pres]ve = ! _w ! pure wor%ip ( ,himself1 ! "o & ! only ,god4 ,h[ !y fail$ to fulfill _! high call+ we h se54 ,god 0 prep>+ 9 ,israel ! true religion :i* 0 design$ to be univ]sal4 ,9 ,abraham's se$ all ! families ( ! e>? 7 to be bless$4 ,! ,jews 7 made ! keep]s ( ! treasure ( ! promises ( ! ,savi\r4 ,god select$ !m f all ! nations = ?is express purpose2 ,he gave !m a t]ritory %ut (f f t ( o!r nations2 9 _! language1 habits1 ways ( ?9k+ & religion1 !y 7 di/9ct f all o!rs4 ,!y 7 to be kept sep>ate until ! "t :5 ,god %\ld give ! true religion to ! :ole _w4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,! ,,subject ,,9 ,a ,,nut%ell4 ,n 9 va9 ! nation-/riv+s1 nor by *ance ! curr5ts fl[2 ,error-maz$1 yet tru?-direct$1 to _! c]ta9 goal !y g4 ,,ebn-,,el-,,f>id4 ,oh1 yet we tru/ t someh[ good ,w be ! f9al goal ( ill1 ,to pangs ( nature1 s9s ( w1 ,defects ( d\bt1 & ta9ts ( blood2 ,t no?+ walks ) aimless feet2 ,t n "o life %all be de/roy$1 ,or ca/ z rubbi% to ! void1 ,:5 ,god ha? made ! pile complete4 ,,alfr$ ,,t5nyson4 ,9 ?is *apt] x is propos$ to survey rapidly ! progress ( ! :ole hea!n _w 9 idolatr\s wor%ip f its fir/ introduction4 ,we h already se5 h[ ! _w began ) ! wor%ip ( "o ,god1 b pass$ into ! wor%ip ( ! objects1 p[]s & =ces ( nature2 & h[ to ^! 7 giv5 tangible =ms 9 ! %ape ( idols4 ,fur!r we h notic$ ! gradual introduction ( ! wor%ip ( animals1 & m51 & _! idols4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,gr\p+ ,,religions4 ,! v>i\s religions might be classifi$ by divid+ !m into two gr\ps2 fir/1 ^? hav+ sacr$ books1 & secondly1 ^? hav+ no sacr$ books4 ,accord+ to ?is me?od1 = example1 ! ,h9du1 ,p>see1 ,egyptian1 ,*9ese1 ,buddhi/ & ,mohamm$an religions w\ld be plac$ 9 "o gr\p1 & ! religions ( ! ,japanese ,%9toi/s1 ( ! ,indians ( ,am]ica1 ( ! ,pacific ,isl&]s1 ( ! ,african ,feti*i/s & ( our hea!n ance/ors1 9 ano!r gr\p4 ,?is is r an arbitr>y division4 ,ano!r mode ( arrang+ !m is z mission>y or proselyte-mak+ religions & non-mission>y religions4 ,?us1 ,brahm9ism1 z x nev] w5t beyond ,india1 & ,confucianism1 z x nev] s5t its tea*]s out ( ,*9a1 w\ld be 9 "o class1 :ile ,buddhism :i* 0 spread all ov] ,ea/]n ,asia by its mission>y prie/s1 & ,mohamm$anism ^: prie/s w5t ov] ,we/]n ,asia & ,nor!rn ,africa mak+ proselytes1 w\ld be 9 ano!r class4 ,we mu/ h "s sy/em ( classify+ & arrang+ ! diff]5t religions1 & ! foll[+ has seem$ to be ! mo/ simple & natural classification4 ,to look at !m fir/1 z orig9al religions & z re=m$ religions1 & secondly1 z dead & z liv+ religions4 ,x happ5s t mo/ ( ! dead religions 7 orig9al religions1 & s we take ^! up fir/4 ,!n we notice ! liv+ orig9al religions1 & aft]w>d ! re=m$ religions1 :i* are ne>ly all liv+4 ,! religions :i* w be describ$ 9 ! foll[+ pages1 f ,*apt]s ,v4 to ,x41 are dead orig9al religions2 ^? 9 ,*apt]s ,,xi4 to ,,xix4 are liv+ orig9al religions2 & ^? 9 ,*apt]s ,,xx4 to ,,xxxvi41 are liv+ re=m$ religions4 ,x is prop] t ^! t]ms1 z !y are int5d$ to be us$ "h %\ld be q cle>ly def9$4 ,,dead ,,religions ,,& ,,liv+ ,,religions4 ,_m religions /ill exi/1 b "s are ext9ct4 ,we speak ( languages z dead or liv+2 ! anci5t ,greek & ! ,lat91 :i* are no long] spok51 are call$ dead4 ,! ,fr5*1 ,g]man or ,engli%1 :i* are 9 common use to-day1 are call$ liv+4 ,?\gh ^! dead languages are no long] spok51 words & phrases :i* are d]iv$ f !m /ill survive 9 ! liv+ languages4 ,inde$ "s ( ! liv+ languages are built up out ( ^! dead languages4 ,j s 9 religions1 !re are wor%ips :i* h no foll[]s to-day2 !re are ru9s ( _! temples & idols1 & portions ( _! sacr$ books rema9+ to u4 ,! acc\nts :i* anci5t hi/orians h pres]v$ = u ( _! wor%ips1 ! ru9s ( _! temples1 _! maje/ic monum5ts & inscriptions1 & _! sacr$ books :i* h ( late ye>s be5 translat$ into our language1 enable u to le>n v m9utely ( _m ( ^! wor%ips4 ,( ! liv+ religions1 we h b to /udy ! n>ratives ( travel]s & ( ^? s*ol>s :o h tak5 special pa9s to /udy & expla9 ! sacr$ books1 rites1 leg5ds & cu/oms ( ! p foll[+ ^! fai?s4 ,,orig9al ,,religions ,,& ,,re=m$ ,,religions4 ,by orig9al religions we mean to d5ote ^? :i* are1 or 71 ! religions ( ! e>lie/ inhabitants ( ! v>i\s c\ntries1 & :i* are b little *ang$ 9 ! c\rse ( "t4 ,by re=m$ religions we mean su* z at "s lat] day h bran*$ (f f ! e>li] religions4 ,^! re=ms are always begun by "s great man1 :o1 see+ or imag9+ error 9 ! old sy/em1 und]takes to correct x1 & be=e he is h>dly aw>e ( x1 e/abli%es a new fai?4 ,?us ,zoroa/] rebell$ aga9/ ! impure wor%ip ( ! corrupt religion ( 8 c\ntry & f\nd$ ,p>seeism2 ?us ,confucius ga!r$ toge!r "s ( ! traditions & say+s ( ! anci5t ,*9ese writ]s1 add$ to !m a great _m tea*+s ( 8 own & f\nd$ ,confucianism2 ?us ,gautama1 ! ,buddha1 conv9c$ ( ! inability ( ! anci5t ,h9du fai? to help ! _w's sorr[ or to heal its w\nds1 f\nd$ ,buddhism2 & ?us ,mohamm$ felt himself call$ ( ,god to wage a w> aga9/ idolatry1 & s he f\nd$ ! ,moslem fai?4 ,fur!r1 we %all take up ^! religions 9 ea* class z f> z possible1 9 ! ord] ( "t1 tak+ ! olde/ fir/ & ! y\nge/ la/4 ,,dead ,,religions4 ,! gods ( ! ,egyptians1 ,assyrians1 ,jews1 ,greeks1 ,romans & ,britons 7includ+ all o!r peoples ( ,we/]n ,europe71 are no long] wor%ip$4 ,!y sank into neglect f v>i\s causes4 ,"s fell by a natural decay2 !re 0 n en\gh 9 !m to enable !m to reta9 _! hold ^u _! wor%ip]s z =eign religions 7 introduc$4 ,"s ( ! peoples hold+ ^! fai?s lo/ _! di/9ctively national exi/5ce & _! fai? fad$ out along ) _! national life4 ,/rong] races ( /range peoples swept ov] _! l&s1 driv+ !m out or subdu+ !m4 ,! conqu]or's cu/oms & religi\s wor%ip !n took ! place ( ^? ( ! conqu]$ p4 ,ano!r cause ( ! dea? ( c]ta9 religions1 & a m frequ5t cause1 has be5 ! com+ 9 ( a bett] sy/em4 ,9 ?is way ! ,egyptian religion gave place to ! ,*ri/ian1 & t 9 turn 79 ,egypt7 to ! ,mohamm$an4 ,! false gods ( ! ,greeks1 ,romans1 ,britons & o!r nations 7 =gott5 9 ! com+ ( ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,mrs4 ,br[n+'s beautiful poem1 8,! ,dead ,pan10 is bas$ on a tradition m5tion$ by ,plut>*1 accord+ to :i*1 at ! h\r ( ! ,savi\r's agony a cry ( 8,great ,pan is dead60 swept across ! waves 9 ! he>+ ( "s sailors1 & imm$iately ! oracles ceas$4 ,%e writes3 8,gods ( ,hellas1 ,gods ( ,hellas1 ,c ye li/5 9 y\r sil5ce8 ,c y\r my/ic voices tell u ,:]e ye hide8 ,9 float+ isl&s1 ,) a w9d t ev]more ,keeps y out ( sight ( %ore8 ,pan1 ,pan is dead4 8,& t dismal cry rose sl[ly ,& sank sl[ly ?r\gh ! air1 ,full ( _s's melan*oly ,& et]nity's despair6 ,& !y he>d ! words x said-- ,,pan ,,is ,,dead--,,great ,,pan ,,is ,,dead-- ,,pan1 ,,pan ,,is ,,dead4 8',twas ! h\r :5 ,"o 9 ,sion ,hung = love's sake on a cross2 ,:5 ,8 br[ 0 *ill ) dy+1 ,& ,8 s\l 0 fa9t ) loss2 ,:5 ,8 prie/ly blood dropp$ d[nw>d1 ,& ,8 k+ly eyes look$ ?ronew>d-- ,!n1 ,pan 0 dead4 8,by ! love ,he /ood alone 91 ,8 sole ,godhead rose complete1 ,& ! false gods fell d[n moan+1 ,ea* f (f 8 gold5 seat2 ,all ! false gods ) a cry ,r5d]$ up _! deity-- ,pan1 ,pan 0 dead40 ,! ,greek & ,roman fai? & ! wor%ips ( ,we/]n ,europe h all yield$ to ! advanc+ ,*ri/ian army4 ,! process ( te>+ d[n & build+ up is /ill go+ on4 ,p>seeism & ! ,am]ican ,indians' religion are dy+1 because ! p :o belong to ^! nations are dy+ out4 ,mohamm$anism is mak+ great inroads on ! ,feti*-wor%ip ( ,africa4 ,buddhism is less5+ ! respect = ,confucius & ,lao-,tsze 9 ,*9a1 & is ga9+ gr\nd on ,%9toism 9 ,japan4 ,*ri/ianity is1 9 almo/ e l&1 less5+ ! hold ( hea!n religions ^u _! foll[]s & is sl[ly leav5+ ! :ole _w1 z ! facts & figures prove4 ,be=e ! bright light ( ! ,sun ( ,righte\sness ! d>k night ( error & sup]/ition is flee+ away4 ,,liv+ ,,wor%ips4 ,! fir/ gr\p1 t ( orig9al fai?s1 w include ! religions ( ,h9duism1 ,%9toism1 ( ,africa1 ,am]ica1 ,oceanica1 & ( ! ,k>5s ( ,burmah4 ,! next gr\p1 t ( ! liv+ re=m$ religions1 w include ,p>seeism1 ,taoism1 ,confucianism1 ,buddhism & ,mohamm$anism4 ,?is la/ is n1 /rictly speak+1 a sy/em ( idolatry1 & !re=e we d n give x an ext5d$ notice2 yet1 z x exi/s z a fi]ce oppon5t ( idolatry1 & prop]ly has a "p 9 ! hi/ory ( idolatry1 we _c pass x by altoge!r1 b %all give x su* att5tion z is consi/5t4 ,! signs ( ^! times1 z well z ! signs ( ! gone-by ages1 %[s t ! _w is mov+ back to its fir/ wor%ip ( "o ,god4 ,z an oppon5t ( idolatry & z a great mission>y sy/em1 ,*ri/ianity is likely to d ?is great "w ( br++ ! _w back to its fir/ fai?4 ,s we propose1 briefly1 aft] %[+ ! contra/s betwe5 ! ,*ri/ian religion & ! idolatr\s wor%ips1 to ref] to ! pres5t attitude ( ! ,*ri/ian sy/em 9 its "w among exi/+ hea!n nations4 ,?is w involve a view ( ! great battle-field ( ! _w1 & ( ! =ces fight+ = & aga9/ ! true wor%ip ( ! "o ,god4 ,to ?is true wor%ip ! _w is sl[ly b surely t5d+4 ,,! ,,propos$ ,,treatm5t4 ,hea!n religions h (t5 be5 describ$ z !y are f\nd 9 _! sacr$ books or 9 ! tea*+s ( _! f\nd]s4 ,?is is n z x %\ld be4 ,!y %\ld be /udi$ f ^! s\rces1 b n f ^! only4 ,^! %[ ! religions1 n z !y are1 b z !y 7 int5d$ to be4 ,! te/ ( "t :i* has be5 appli$ to !m1 _! aft]-gr[? & _! effect ^u _! foll[]s %\ld be c>efully /udi$4 ,x n seldom happ5s t ! religion z its f\nd] taught x1 & ! religion ( lat] days :i* 0 built up on 8 tea*+s are v diff]5t4 ,take ,buddhism = an example4 ,h[ widely diff]5t is ! ,buddhism ( ,burmah f t e/abli%$ by ,gautama6 ,:at va/ *anges has ! sy/em und]gone dur+ ! c5turies t h pass$ s9ce ,gautama's dea?6 ,or take ,mohamm$anism1 :i* 01 z ,mohamm$ taught1 a crusade aga9/ ! idolatr\s rev]5ce = relics1 images1 sacr$ places & sacr$ ?+s g5]ally4 ,to-day1 9 "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( ,mohamm$an mosques--t at ,delhi1 ,india--a hair f ,mohamm$'s be>d1 a "p ( 8 g>m5ts & 8 s&als1 are exhibit$ to ! dev\t wor%ip]s 9 ! mosque4 ,! ,brahm9ism ( ! ,v$as1 ! sacr$ ,h9du books1 diff]s greatly f ! ,h9du wor%ip ( to-day ) its myriads ( idols & its great sy/em ( ca/e4 ,! same religion (t5 diff]s 9 diff]5t l&s4 ,! ,buddhism ( ,ceylon & ! ,buddhism ( ,burmah & ,siam are diff]5t1 & !y toge!r 7(t5 call$ by way ( di/9ction1 ,s\!rn ,buddhism71 diff] v greatly f ! ,buddhism ( ,*9a & ,japan 7call$ ,nor!rn ,buddhism74 ,! same religion has a /ill diff]5t =m 9 ,?ibet4 ,x is a "p ( our plan to look into ^! religions z !y exi/$ 9 _! beg9n+s & 9 _! gr[?s1 & s to pres5t a complete picture4 ,! life ( a religion is n to be f\nd 9 its sacr$ books only1 b 9 ! life1 wor%ip & habits ( ?\ght ( its foll[]s4 ,f ! idols1 temples1 wor%ip1 fe/ivals & religi\s cu/oms ( ! e-day life ( ! h\sehold or bus9ess circles1 we c ga9 a yet m p]fect picture4 ,! traditions1 leg5ds & sup]/iti\s practices ( ! p g5]ally conta9 ^? facts :i* are mo/ widely accept$4 ,! folk-lore1 fireside /ories1 *ildr5's tales1 ! my?s & songs ( any p conta9 ! pr9cipal ideas ( _! religion4 ,?us we propose to try to pres5t z p]fect a picture z possible ( ! v>i\s hea!n religions ( ! pa/ & pres5t1 & we tru/ ! ef=t may succe$4 ,a ,,concise ,,view4 ,let u take a glimpse ( ! roads ov] :i* we %all n[ travel4 ,h]et(ore we h foll[$ b "o wide road4 ,f ?is o!r roads beg9 to bran* (f1 & by-roads 9 turn occasionally4 ,x w n be difficult to foll[ ^! pa?s1 h[ev]1 if at ! outset we place ourselves :]e we c take a bird's-eye view ( ! :ole & pursue our way /eadily to ! end4 ,,p>seeism4 ,= "s "t aft] ! confusion ( tongues ! nations rema9$ 9 ! vic9ity ( ! t[] ( ,babel4 ,!n !y began to disp]se1 all b "o nation4 ,?is "o j\rney$ only a %ort di/ance to ! s\? & f\nd$ ! empires ( ,assyria & ,babylon1 ! ,p]sia ( lat] days4 ,"h we f9d traces ( t idolatr\s wor%ip :i* soon pass$ into ,p>seeism4 ,zoroa/] 0 ! man :o 0 in/rum5tal 9 re=m+ ! anci5t ,assyrian religion4 ,zoroa/] reta9$ ! wor%ip ( ! sun & ( fire1 & taught t !re 7 two gods1 a good god & an evil god1 ,ormuzd & ,ahriman4 ,!re are only a few ,p>sees left to-day & ! old ,assyrian religion is entirely ext+ui%$4 ,,african ,,religion4 ,! nations :o pass$ s\?-we/ across ,nor!rn ,arabia & ,s9ai1 f9ally came to ,africa4 ,9 ,egypt we f9d relics ( a v high civilization1 & !y seem to indicate t "o ( ! greate/ ( ! nations ( ! e>? settl$ !re4 ,_! wor%ip 0 ( ! sun1 moon & />s & ( animals4 ,! ,riv] ,nile1 ^u :i* _! v life dep5d$1 0 soon receiv$ z an object ( wor%ip4 ,"s "p ( ^? :o came to ,egypt w&]$ up ! ,nile & pass$ s\? & we/ to ,c5tral ,africa4 ,"h !y 7 br\ght 9 contact ) nature 9 its wilde/ =ms4 ,!re 0 little ne$ ( till+ ! soil = crops1 z nature produc$ ( h]self s abundantly 9 ?is tropical climate4 ,! heat$ atmosph]e did away ) ! necessity ei!r ( sub/antial dwell+s or ( m ?an a little clo?+4 ,h5ce ! nations _h little to d1 & z ! old prov]b says1 8,satan f9ds mis*ief = idle h&s to d10 he soon1 evid5tly1 set ^! nations to occupy _! "t 9 qu>rel+ among !mselves4 ,?us ! mo/ brutal habits 7 br\ght ab\t & ! traces ( _! orig9al nobility & civilization 7 rapidly de/roy$4 ,!irs 0 a quick deg5]ation4 ,toge!r ) _! civilization _! religion decay$1 until !y 7 left ) a religion h>dly wor? ! "n1 & 7 little above ! apes & gorillas inhabit+ ! wild woods ab\t !m4 ,b !y c\ld nev] become :olly animaliz$1 !y always reta9 "s traces ( _! religi\s fai?4 ,,we/]n ,,europe4 ,! nations :o pass$ nor?-we/ ent]$ ,g]many & soon scatt]$ ov] ,norway & ,sw$5 & ,france1 & f9ally across ! *annel to ! ,briti% ,isles4 ,among ^! peoples1 ! ,teutons1 ,celts1 ,sc&9avians & ,gauls1 ! e>ly nature-wor%ip 0 long pres]v$4 ,inde$ traces ( x are f\nd ev5 at ! "t ( ! bir? ( ,*ri/4 ,! coldness ( _! climate1 ! sev]ity ( ! /orms gradually develop$ !m into a h>dy race & f9ally l$ !m to introduce *anges into _! religi\s fai? correspond+ to _! surr\nd+s4 ,_! my?s1 leg5ds & songs1 z well z _! m directly religi\s wor%ip1 p>took l>gely ( ! h]oic elem5t4 ,*ri/ianity e>ly ov]spread ^! l&s & ! e>ly religions di$ out z ,*ri/ianity grew4 ,,! ,,s\!rn ,,migration4 ,"o ( ! /ronge/ ( exi/+ religions is f\nd 9 ! ,brahm9ism ( ,india4 ,?is is ! religion ( ! p :o mov$ s\?-ea/ till !y came to ! ,indus ,riv]4 ,!y settl$ along its banks until !y 7 well-e/abli%$ 9 _! habits ( life & religi\s fai?1 & !n "s ( !m w&]$ away to ! ,ea/1 till !y came to ! ,riv] ,ganges1 & settl$ 9 its valley4 ,o!rs w&]$ s\?1 & soon ! :ole ( ,india 0 occupi$4 ,^! p kept up communications ) "o ano!r & pres]v$ "o language1 ?\gh ?is 0 modifi$ 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ! c\ntry4 ,_! religion reta9$ mo/ ( its features 9 common among !m all4 ,e>ly 9 _! hi/ory o!r ,v$as1 or sacr$ books1 7 writt5 9 addition to ! ,rig-,v$a or book ( hymns to ! gods4 ,o!r sacr$ books 7 add$ to ^!1 call$ ,brahmanas & ! laws ( ,manu4 ,_! gods 7 multipli$1 temples & %r9es 7 built4 ,! l>g] riv]s 7 believ$ to be holy1 & 71 toge!r ) ! crocodiles dwell+ 9 !m1 wor%ip$4 ,f ,india p w&]$ ov]l& or across ! ,indian ,ocean to ,burmah & ,siam1 & !nce to ! ,malay ,ar*ipelago1 & f !re to ! ,pacific ,isles & ,am]ica4 ,^! migrations 7or w&]+s7 occurr$ be=e ! ,h9du religion 0 develop$4 ,! peoples :o ?us /ray$ away1 c>ri$ ) !m ! e>ly wor%ip ( nature4 ,we f9d ?is /ill among _m ( ! savage tribes ( ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica & ( ! ,pacific ,isles4 ,^! tribes gradually became savage 9 ! same way z ! ,african tribes4 ,!y possess traditions ( an e>ly civilization4 ,,buddhism4 ,9 ,india 9 ! fif? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 ! ,h9du religion _h become a v poor religion inde$4 ,x 0 at t "t a m]e sy/em ( prie/craft4 ,! nation groan$ "u ! burd5s :i* ! prie/s plac$ ^u !m4 ,!n a man 0 rais$ up to re=m ?is religion4 ,sakya-,muni 0 born 9 ! middle ( ! c5tury2 aft] attempt+ to f9d 9 ! ,h9du religion t help :i* ! p ne$$1 he ca/ x all aside & /ruck out = himself a new l9e ( reason+4 ,he call$ himself ! ,buddha1 t is1 ! 8,enlight5$ ,"o40 ,soon 8 tea*+s 7 accept$ 9 all ,india1 go+ z f> z ,ceylon ev54 ,b 9 ,india ! prie/s soon triumph$ ov] ! new fai? & ,buddhism 0 expell$ & ,brahm9ism re-e/abli%$4 ,except+ ! ,ja9s1 a ,buddhi/ sect 9 ,we/]n ,india1 !re are n[ no ,buddhi/s 9 ,india prop]4 ,9 ,ceylon x /ill rema9s4 ,buddha taught 8 disciples to prea* 8 tea*+s ev]y:]e4 ,s !y w5t to ,burmah 7f ,ceylon7 n long aft] ,buddha's dea?4 ,f !re x spread ,ea/ to ,siam1 & ,nor?-ea/ up ! ,irrawady ,riv] along ! r\te t ! ,*9ese trad]s 7 accu/om$ to pass ov]4 ,f ,*9a x ent]$ ,japan4 ,! ,tripitakas1 or 8,?ree ,baskets10 z !y are designat$1 are ! sacr$ books ( ! ,buddhi/s4 ,,*9a',s ,,religions4 ,! ,*9ese leg5ds say t ,noah 0 _! fir/ emp]or4 ,:e!r ?is be true or n1 we "k t ,*9a1 l ,egypt1 0 e>ly settl$ & possess$ a high civilization4 ,! nations mov$ f ,p]sia 9 ! ,we/ until !y came to ! great ,hoang ,ho ,riv]2 along its banks1 & to ! nor? & s\? ( x1 !y settl$4 ,( _! e>ly religion we "k b little4 ,! great sage ,confucius 7or ,kong ! tea*]71 0 born some:]e ab\t #eea be=e ,*ri/4 ,he 0 a /atesman re=m]4 ,he 0 n a prie/1 nor ev5 not$ = piety4 ,b he ga!r$ toge!r ! say+s ( ! anci5ts1 & weav+ 9 ) !m 8 own wisdom1 he produc$ ! sy/em n[ kn[n z ,confucianism4 ,! books conta9+ 8 tea*+s1 & ^? ( 8 imm$iate disciples1 are call$ ! ,k+4 ,a little be=e ,confucius1 liv$ ,lao-,tsze1 a philosoph] & a/rolog]1 :o did some?+ t[>d re-e/abli%+ ! old religion1 & :o also add$ new tea*+s4 ,8 weird sy/em is call$ ,taoism1 & its sacr$ books are ! ,tao-,te-,k+4 ,buddhism 9 ,*9a has tak5 9 ) ,buddha's tea*+s ! doctr9es & gods ( ,confucius & ,lao-,tsze4 ,,%9toism ,,9 ,,japan4 ,! e>ly inhabitants ( ,japan are suppos$ to be ! ,a9os1 a race n[ almo/ ext+ui%$4 ,! few t are left live 9 ,yezo1 ! nor!rnmo/ isl& ( ,japan4 ,_m sailors f ! isl&s ( ! ,malayan ,ar*ipelago 7 wa%$ ^u ! %ores ( ,japan & soon mix$ 9 ) ! ,a9os4 ,!y gradually became /rong] & /rong] &1 f9ally1 ! *ildr5 ( ! mix$ races conqu]$ ! entire l&4 ,! ,japanese reta9$ _! e>ly nature-wor%ip1 :i* is call$ ,%9to1 or ,kami-no-mi*i1 ! 8way ( ! gods10 until ,buddhism came 9 to di/urb its hold ^u ! p's he>ts4 ,buddhism ent]$ ,japan 9 #eeb aft] ,*ri/4 ,,mohamm$anism4 ,ab\t five hundr$ ye>s aft] ,*ri/ianity 0 e/abli%$1 x _h deg5]at$ 9 mo/ p>ts ( ,arabia & ,syria into a sy/em = ! wor%ip ( sa9ts & relics4 ,! p ( ,arabia 7 giv5 f ! e>lie/ times to idolatry4 ,mohamm$ 0 born #egj ,a4,d4 ,he built ^u ! ru9s ( ,judaism1 ,*ri/ianity & ! ,arabian idolatr\s wor%ip1 ! sy/em call$ ,mohamm$anism4 ,8 motto 0 7& x conta9s ! sum & sub/ance ( 8 tea*+s7 8,!re is no ,god b ,god1 & ,mohamm$ is 8 prophet40 ,he began a vigor\s crusade aga9/ idols & relic-wor%ip4 ,at fir/ he s\ght to ext5d 8 sy/em by tea*+ only1 aft]w>ds he us$ ! sword4 ,f ,arabia 8 religion spread to ,turkey1 to ,india1 to ,egypt & ,africa1 & ev5 to ,*9a4 ,,*ri/ianity',s ,,conque/s4 ,*ri/ianity is ! religion = ! _w4 ,x is inf9itely sup]ior to all religions ( ei!r pa/ or pres5t4 ,x 0 int5d$ to be ! _w-religion4 ,its f\nd]1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 design$ t x %\ld be spread ov] ! :ole _w1 & gave ,8 disciples _! m>*+-ord]s be=e ,he left !m at ,8 asc5sion4 ,!y 7 bidd5 to g into all ! _w & prea* ,8 gospel to e creature4 ,!y 7 assur$ ( ,8 assi/ance & ( f9al success4 ,)\t any ( ! p[] ( pomp or weal?1 or wisdom1 or numb]s1 ! little b& und]took to obey _! ord]s4 ,!y h spread f l& to l&1 until _! camp-fires h be5 k9dl$ almo/ all ar\nd ! globe4 ,_! triumphs h be5 ga9$ by ! p[]s ( p]suasion4 ,_! pa/ hi/ory is gr&1 _! pres5t outlook glori\s1 & _! future prospects full ( assurance4 ,n[ let u take up m 9 detail ^! v>i\s sy/ems4 ,retrac+ ! roads we h hurri$ ov] let u />t afre% & proce$ m leisurely to /udy ! religi\s life ( mank9d1 & especially z x is associat$ ) false gods & idols4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/ians4 ,,buddhi/s4 #cbg1jjj1jjj4 #ejj1jjj1jjj4 ,( :i* ---- ,roman ,ca?olics h #aeb1jjj1jjj2 ,includ+ ! ,*9ese1 ,greek ,*ur*1 :o are also ,confuciani/s #ge1jjj1jjj2 & ,taoi/s1 z well z ,buddhi/s4 ,o!r ,*ri/ians1 #ajj1jjj1jjj4 ----------------- ,f\nd all ov] ! _w4 ---------- -------------------------------------- ,,h9doos4 ,f\nd 9 ,india1 ,ceylon1 ,burmah1 ,siam1 ,?ibet1 ,*9a1 #afj1jjj1jjj4 & ,japan4 ------ ,f\nd only 9 ,india4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ,,jews1 #g1jjj1jjj4 ,,mohamm$ans4 -------------------------------------- ,%9toi/s1 ,p>sees1 etc41 #c1jjj1jjj4 #aee1jjj1jjj4 -------------------------------------- ,feti*i/s1 or ,devil ,wor%ip]s4 ,f\nd 9 ,arabia1 ,turkey1 #ajj1jjj1jjj4 ,egypt1 ,india1 ,*9a1 ,^! include ! ,am]ican & ,p]sia4 ,indians1 ,african races1 & ,pacific ,isl&]s4 ,comp>ative ,exhibit ( ! ,numb] ( ,foll[]s ( ! ,lead+ ,sy/ems ( ,religi\s ,fai?4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,l& ,,( ,,! ,,sph9x4 ,i h come to ,egypt to le>n some?+ ( ! wisdom ( ! ,egyptians4 ,tell me1 !n1 ye tombs1 & temples1 & pyramids1 ab\t ,god2 tell me ab\t ! life to come6 ,b ! pyramids speak n2 & ! ,sph9x /ill looks t[>d ! ,ea/1 to wat* = ! ris+ sun1 b is voiceless & mute4 ,?is valley ( ! ,nile speaks ( no?+ b dea?4 ,f end to end its rock-ribb$ hills are fill$ ) tombs4 ,yet :at d !y all tea* ! anxi\s & tr\bl$ he>t ( man8 ,no?+6 ,all ^! hills are sil5t4--,h4 ,m4 ,,field4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ru9$ ,,temples4 ,h]odotus1 ! ,greek hi/orian1 :o visit$ ,egypt ab\t #dej ,b4,c41 0 /ruck ) ! extreme att5tion :i* ! ,egyptians paid to religion4 ,he says t !y 7 ! mo/ religi\s ( all mank9d4 ,! pass+ /rang] 0 impress$ ) ! pomp\s c]emonies1 ! magnific5t fe/ivals1 ! impos+ processions & ! _m gorge\sly-rob$ prie/s4 ,he f\nd l>ge temples1 :]e ! walls 7 cov]$ ) sculptures1 pa9t+s & hi]oglyphic writ+s4 ,all ,egypt 0 /amp$ ) ! impress ( religion4 ,e art & sci5ce1 & all lit]ature 7 di/9ctly connect$ ) religion1 & 7 us$ 9 ! s]vice ( _! deities4 ,!y surpass$ all nations 9 ! rev]5ce !y paid to ! gods4 ,_! religion 0 by no means an op5 "o4 ,l mo/ ( ! false religions ( antiquity1 !re 0 a great deal ( my/]y ab\t x4 ,ev5 to-day we f9d among ! monum5ts traces ( ! great att5tion :i* ! anci5t ,egyptians paid to ! s]vice & adoration ( _! gods4 ,,hidd5 ,,hi/ory4 ,=m]ly ! _w 0 accu/om$ to speak ( ,egypt z ! 8l& ( ru9s20 a bett] title is n[ giv51 ! 8l& ( monum5ts40 ,! reason ( ! *ange 9 ! title is t x has be5 f\nd t its ru9s conta9 ! acc\nt ( ! pa/ hi/ory ( ,egypt4 ,hundr$s ( ye>s ago travel]s came across ^! great ru9s cov]$ ov] ) sculptures & pa9t+s1 !y f\nd traces ( ! exi/5ce ( gigantic /ructures1 !y f\nd1 9 almo/ p]fect pres]vation1 great /ructures l ! pyramids & ! sph9x4 ,"h evid5tly 0 a treasure-h\se ( in=mation1 b :]e 0 ! key to unlock x8 ,x 0 l a great pawnbrok]'s %op1 full ( rubbi%1 b also ) _m articles ( value lock$ up )9 its walls1 b ) no key to unlock its doors4 ,x 0 a l& ( enigmas1 ( puzzl+ problems1 ( riddles4 ,! travel] turn$ f object to object ) ! tone ( int]rogation4 ,:y 0 ?is1 & ?is8 ,:at 0 its purpose8 ,h[ came x "h8 ,:at does x all mean8 ,evid5tly ^! great build+s 7 n erect$1 ^! my/]i\s sculptures c>v$1 ^! puzzl+ pa9t+s drawn1 m]ely to amuse a pass+ fancy4 ,!re mu/ be "s mean+ 9 !m4 ,s*ol> aft] s*ol> por$ ov] x1 beat _! bra9s ab\t x1 & gave x up4 ,c5tury aft] c5tury pass$ away & /ill ! my/]y rema9$4 ,!re 0 "o key :i* 0 f\nd1 b to use ?is key ano!r key 0 ne$$4 ,! writ+ ( ! ,egyptians yet rema9$4 ,und\bt$ly1 9 _! sacr$ books1 & 9 ! inscriptions on ! monum5ts or walls ( ! temples 7 descriptions ( ! purpose ( ! great build+s1 full acc\nts ( ! pa/ & _! lo/ hi/ory ( ,egypt1 & p]haps acc\nts ( arts & sci5ce n[ lo/ to ! _w4 ,a ri* rew>d ?is1 to ! s*ol> :o %\ld succe$ 9 unravel+ ! my/]y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rock ,,temple ,,( ,,ibsambul1 ,,re/or$4 ,,! ,,hi]oglyphics4 ,b :at 0 ! "* ( ?is writ+ t x %\ld be s difficult to int]pret8 ,! writ+ 0 a picture-writ+1 ) *>act]s or syllables add$1 m puzzl+ ?an ! mo/ puzzl+ rebus t ev] appe>$4 ,! ,greeks1 :o (t5 visit$ ,egypt1 gave ! "n ,hi]oglyphics to ?is ,egyptian writ+4 ,! ^w means 9 ! ,greek language 8sacr$ sculpture40 ,nei!r ! ,greeks nor ! ,romans1 ev5 :ile !y rul$ ,egypt1 ev] und]took to le>n to read ?is writ+4 ,x seem$ to !m an unkn[able secret4 ,?us gradually ! anci5t ,egyptian language p]i%$4 ,s ! k ( ! read+ ( ! hi]oglyphics pass$ away entirely4 ,= _m c5turies e attempt to read x fail$1 & x rema9$ a hopeless my/]y4 ,f9ally1 ab\t fifty ye>s ago1 a ,fr5*man succe$$ 9 lift+ ! veil4 ,jean ,franois ,*ampollion 7born #agij1 di$ #ahcb71 made ?is discov]y1 "o ( ! greate/ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury4 ,he %[$ h[ ! writ+ 0 to be read4 ,n[ ! :ole c be read p]haps almo/ z easily z ,greek or ,lat91 or ! ,*9ese or ,burmese languages4 ,?us 0 ! hidd5 hi/ory br\ght to light4 ,illu/ration3 ,,song ,,( ,,! ,,?re%]s4 ,z specim5s ( ! hi]oglyphics1 ,wilk9son gives ! opposite ,song ( ! ,?re%]s to ! ,ox54 ,8 translation ( ! l9es respectively is z foll[s3 #a4 8,?re% = y\rselves0 7twice repeat$74 #b4 8,o ox540 #c4 8,?re% = y\rselves0 7twice74 #d4 8,measures = y\rselves40 #e4 8,measures = y\r ma/]s40 ,ano!r specim5 ( hi]oglyphics is add$ bel[4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hi]oglyphics4 ,,"s ,,egyptian ,,gods4 ,! ,egyptian gods are numb]$ by ! hundr$s4 ,x is possible = u to ref] to b a few "h4 ,! ideas ( ! gods :i* prevail$ "h 7 graft$ on ! simple nature-wor%ip :i* ! p br\ght to ,egypt f _! e>li] home4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pa%t1 ,,! ,,cat-,,head$ ,,god4 ,9 e "p ( ,egypt two great gods1 ,isis & ,osiris1 7 wor%ip$4 ,isis is ! wife ( ,osiris4 ,ra ! sun-god 0 ! greate/ ( ! gods1 he 0 suppos$ to be ! repres5tative ( ! ,supreme ,be+4 ,& yet ,osiris 0 ! mo/ popul> god4 ,ra 0 g5]ally repres5t$ z a hawk-head$ man1 & usually ) a sol> disk ^u 8 head4 ,ra 0 g5]ally wor%ip$ 9 association ) "s o!r god1 z ,am5-,ra1 ,num-,ra1 etc4 ,9 _m sculptures he is repres5t$ z c>ry+ on a con/ant conflict ) ! evil4 ,evil is repres5t$ 9 ^! conflicts z ! great s]p5t ,apap4 ,at ,heliopolis 7 kept two animals sacr$ to ,ra1 ! black bull & ! phnix4 ,! phnix 0 a bird :i* ! ,egyptians reg>d$ z ! emblem ( immortality2 a bird :i* nev] di$1 b :5 x 0 burn$1 sprang up aga91 full-gr[n1 f its a%es1 ready to r5ew its activities4 ,illu/ration3 ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,=ms ,,( ,,isis4 ,osiris 0 g5]ally repres5t$ z a mummy1 we>+ a royal cap1 conta9+ o/ri* fea!rs4 ,osiris 0 reg>d$ z a good be+ & 0 9 p]petual w>f>e ) ,set1 ! evil be+4 ,!y /& to ea* o!r1 said ! ,egyptians1 z light & d>kness1 z day & night1 z ! ,nile & ! des]ts1 z ,egypt & =eign l&s4 ,osiris is repres5t$ 9 ! my?s z be+ vanqui%$ by ,set4 ,he is cut 9 pieces & ?r[n into ! wat]4 ,by & by he revives b does n utt]ly de/roy ,set1 ?\gh he defeats him4 ,?is /ory probably is a picture ( ! daily life ( ! sun1 cont5d+ ) ! d>kness1 yet at la/ yield+ to x1 & !n aga9 aft] an int]val re-appe>+ at ! dawn 9 r5ew$ spl5dor4 ,osiris 0 also a type ( /ruggl+ humanity1 suff]+ n[1 defeat$ = a "t x may be1 yet f9ally triumphant4 ,?is 0 ! reason ( 8 wor%ip be+ s popul>4 ,osiris 0 ! protector ( ! dead1 & he det]m9$ _! f9al condition4 ,x 0 to ,osiris t pray]s & (f]+s = ! dead 7 made1 & writ+s on ! tombs 7 address$ to him4 ,beside ^! gods1 !re 7 ,set ! evil god1 :o 0 repres5t$ ) ! head ( a fabul\s animal1 hav+ a po9t$ nose & high squ>e e>s4 ,isis1 ! wife ( ,osiris1 0 repres5t$ z a woman1 be>+ on h] head h] emblem ! ?rone1 or ! sol> disk & c['s horns4 ,illu/ration3 ,,crocodile ,,god4 ,amon 7or ,am57 ! 8hidd510 0 wor%ip$ at ,!bes4 ,sebek 0 ! crocodile-head$ god4 ,8 sacr$ animal 0 ! crocodile ( ! ,nile ,riv]4 ,?o? 0 ! *ief moon-god4 ,he 0 ! god ( lett]s & le>n+4 ,anubis1 ! jackel-head$ 0 ! god wor%ip$ by ! mummy-mak]s4 ,?us gods 7 multipli$4 ,,animal ,,wor%ip4 8,if y ent] a temple10 says ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 8a prie/ advances ) a solemn air1 s++ a hymn 9 ! ,egyptian language2 he raises ! veil a little to let y see ! god2 & :at !n d y see8 ,a cat1 a crocodile1 a snake1 or "s o!r noxi\s animal4 ,! god ( ! ,egyptian appe>s4 ,x is b a wild bea/1 wall[+ on a purple c>pet60 ,?is language describes ! wor%ip ( anci5t ,egypt z we le>n f ! sculptures on ! monum5ts1 z well z x *>act]izes ! wor%ip at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,to exhibit 9 "s symbol _! ideas ( _! gods 0 ! v ess5ce ( ,egyptian religion4 ,?is br\ght ab\t ! grosse/ ( sup]/iti\s wor%ip4 ,to set =? 9 symbol ! attributes1 qualities & nature ( _! gods1 ! prie/s *ose to use animals4 ,! bull1 c[1 ram1 cat1 ape1 crocodile1 hippopotamus1 hawk1 ibis1 sc>abu1 7 all emblems ( ! gods4 ,(t5 ! head ( "o ( ^! animals 0 jo9$ to ! body ( a man 9 ! sculpture4 ,b let x be rememb]$1 t ! ,egyptians nev] wor%ip$ images or idols4 ,!y wor%ip$ liv+ repres5tations ( ! gods & n lifeless images ( /one or metal4 ,_! sculptures 7 nev] made = wor%ip4 ,!y *ose animals :i* correspond$ z ne>ly z possible to _! ideas ( ! gods4 ,ea* ( ^! sacr$ creatures 0 c>efully t5d$1 f$1 wa%$1 dress$1 nurs$ :5 sick1 & pett$ dur+ its :ole life4 ,aft] dea? its body 0 embalm$4 ,c]ta9 cities 7 set ap>t = c]ta9 animals1 & ap>tm5ts ( ! temples 7 consecrat$ to _! use4 ,prie/s 7 appo9t$ to att5d !m4 ,n e animal ( e k9d 0 wor%ip$1 only a few ( ea* sacr$ k9d 7 consid]$ z sacr$4 ,a few ( ! :ole numb] 7 support$ at ! exp5se ( ! /ate1 & 7 att5d$ by great p]sonages4 ,c]ta9 animals 7 wor%ip$ 9 p>ts ( ,egypt & dete/$ 9 o!r p>ts4 ,?us ! hippopotamus 0 wor%ip$ 9 ,papmis alone2 :ile ! ,!bans wor%ip$ ! crocodile2 9 o!r places !y 7 hunt$ to dea?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sc>ab,,u4 ,popul>ly ^! animals 7 reg>d$ z gods1 & 7 really wor%ip$4 ,by ! prie/s !y 7 reg>d$ simply z ! repres5tatives ( ! gods4 ,if a man kill$ c]ta9 ( ! sacr$ animals1 by ! laws ( ,egypt he mu/ die2 if1 h[ev]1 9 reg>d to "s ( !m1 ! kill+ 0 accid5tal1 !n he might escape by pay+ a heavy f9e4 ,a ,roman soldi] once kill$ a sacr$ cat1 accid5tally4 ,9 spite ( ! fe> ( ,rome & ! int]f]5ce ( ! ,k+ ( ,egypt1 ! enrag$ mob in/antly kill$ ! soldi]4 ,! /ory is told1 t ,k+ ,cambyses1 :5 he invad$ ,egypt1 caught a numb] ( sacr$ animals1 & plac$ !m be=e 8 army4 ,! ,egyptians (f]$ !m no resi/ance1 b fl$ away1 afraid to fight le/ !y %\ld injure ! sacr$ animals4 ,?ree animals 7 reg>d$ z n repres5tations m]ely1 b inc>nations ( gods2 ^! 7 ! bull ,mnevis1 ! goat ( ,m5des & ! bull ,apis4 ,apis 0 said to be born ( a c[1 yet also born ( heav54 ,he 0 to be black1 ) a :ite triangle on 8 =ehead1 a m>k l a half-moon on 8 back1 & a m>k l a sc>abu "u 8 tongue4 ,:5 ,apis di$1 all ,egypt m\rn$4 ,z soon z a new ,apis 0 f\nd1 ! ,egyptians donn$ _! be/ clo?+ & made great rejoic+s4 ,! dead ,apis 0 embalm$ & receiv$ fur!r wor%ip4 ,apis 0 wrongly suppos$ to be ! god :om ! ,israelites imitat$ 9 _! wor%ip ( ! gold5 calf4 ,,mummies4 ,! ,egyptians held x z a c5tral feature ( _! fai?1 t 8man 0 n made to die10 t we 7 to live a future life1 t dea? does n end all4 ,_m hea!n nations believ$ t ! body1 ! fle%1 0 an evil ?+1 ! seat ( all base passions2 n s ! ,egyptians4 ,! greate/ ev5t 9 a man's life happ5$ aft] 8 dea? 7to speak 9 app>5t p>adoxes74 ,8 fun]al1 & ! arrangem5ts = x1 surpass$ all o!r occasions ( 8 life 9 _! elaborat5ess4 ,! p]iod ( m\rn+ la/$ sev5ty-two days4 ,p]haps dur+ all ?is "t1 ! process ( embalm+ 0 go+ on by ! use ( peculi> prep>ations :i* 7 =c$ ?r\gh 8 ve9s z ! blood 0 )drawn1 & by wrapp+ ! body 9 l95 b&s conta9+ sub/ances :i* prev5t$ ! fle% f decay+4 ,! out]mo/ b&age 0 cov]$ ) a k9d ( pa/ebo>d1 :i* repres5t$ ! deceas$ z a workman 9 ! ,happy ,fields1 c>ry+ ! tools ( husb&ry4 ,?is is commonly call$ ! mummy4 ,be=e ! wrapp+ 9 ! l95 b&ages began1 ! body _h be5 /eep$ 9 a liquid call$ natron 7c>bonate ( soda74 ,h]odotus pres5ts a v full description ( ! process ( embalm+4 ,!re is no d\bt b t all ?is 0 done z a prep>ation = ! return ( ! s\l to ! body 9 a future _w4 ,! mummy 0 inclos$ 9 a c(f9 ( wood1 & ?is aga91 if ! p]son's fri5ds 7 ri*1 9 a /one s>cophagus or c(f94 ,! c(f9 0 plac$ on a sl$ge drawn by ox5 or m51 tak5 to ! riv] or lake-side & f]ri$ ov] to ! burial-place on ! sacr$ boats4 ,! c(f9 0 deposit$ 9 ! tomb1 & pray]s 7 said1 & (f]+s giv5 9 ! *apel above ! tomb4 ,(f]+s to ,osiris 7 made dur+ an entire ye> by ! family4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%r\d+ ,,( ,,! ,,dead4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mummy ,,case4 ,illu/ration3 ,,=ms ,,( ,,mummy ,,cases4 #a1 #b1 #c1 #d4 ,( wood4 #e1 #f1 #g1 #h4 ,( /one4 #i4 ,( wood & ( e>ly "t--be=e ! #ah? dyna/y4 #aj4 ,( burnt e>!nw>e4 ,,! ,,celebrat$ ,,book ,,( ,,! ,,dead4 ,among _m books :i* ! ,egyptians once possess$1 "o /ill rema9s 9 its entirety4 ,x is some:at confus+ 9 its /yle1 & yet x is 9 ! ma9 to be und]/ood4 ,a copy ( ?is ,fun]al ,liturgy or ,book ( ! ,dead 0 plac$ 9 e mummy's c(f94 ,we give a v full ab/ract ( x1 because ( its unusual importance 9 ! religi\s hi/ory ( ! _w4 ,! ,fun]al ,ritual is op5$ ) a dialogue tak+ place at ! v mom5t ( dea?1 :5 ! s\l sep>ates f ! body4 ,! deceas$1 address+ ! deity ( ,hades1 enum]ates all 8 titles to 8 favor1 & asks = admittance into 8 dom9ions4 ,! *orus ( glorifi$ s\ls int]poses1 z 9 ! ,greek trag$y1 & supports ! pray] ( ! deceas$4 ,! prie/ on e>? 9 8 turn speaks1 & implores also ! div9e clem5cy4 ,f9ally ,osiris1 ! god ( ! l[] regions1 answ]s ! deceas$1 8,fe> no?+ 9 mak+ ?y pray] to me = ! immortality ( ?y s\l1 & t ,i may give p]mission = !e to pass ! ?re%old40 ,reassur$ by ! div9e ^w1 ! s\l ( ! deceas$ ent]s ,k>-,net]1 ! l& ( ! dead1 & recomm5ces 8 invocations4 ,aft] ?is gr& comm5cem5t1 :i* we h epitomiz$1 come _m %ort *apt]s1 mu* less important1 relative also to ! dead & to ! prelim9>y c]emonies ( 8 fun]al4 ,:5 at la/ ! s\l ( ! deceas$ has pass$ ! gates ( ,k>-,net]1 he p5etrates into t subt]ranean region1 & at 8 entry is dazzl$ by ! glory ( ! sun1 :i* he n[ = ! fir/ "t sees 9 ?is l[] hemisph]e4 ,he s+s a hymn to ! sun "u ! =m ( mix$ litanies & invocations4 ,aft] ?is hymn1 a great vignette1 repres5t+ ! adoration & glorification ( ! sun 9 ! heav5s1 on e>? & 9 ,hades1 m>ks ! end ( ! fir/ "p ( ! ,ritual1 s]v+ z a sort ( introduction4 ,! second "p traces ! j\rneys & migrations ( ! s\l 9 ! l[] region4 ,next come a s]ies ( pray]s to be pron\nc$ dur+ ! process ( embalm+1 :ile ! body is be+ roll$ 9 its wrapp]s4 ,^! invocations are address$ to ,?o?1 ! ,egyptian ,h]mes1 :o1 z among ! ,greeks1 play$ ! "p ( ,psy*opompe1 or conductor ( s\ls4 ,!y are ( ! highe/ int]e/1 = 9 ea* allusion is made to ! gr& my? ( ,osiris & 8 conte/ ) ,typhon1 ( :i* ,plut>* & ,synesius h giv5 u ! mo/ rec5t v]sions4 ,! deceas$1 address+ ! god1 asks him to r5d] to him aga9 ! s]vice he once r5d]$ on t solemn occasion to ,osiris & 8 son ,horus1 8av5g] ( 8 fa!r40 ,! body once wrapp$ 9 its cov]+s1 & ! s\l well provid$ ) a /ore ( necess>y k1 ! deceas$ comm5ces 8 j\rney4 ,b he is /ill unable to move1 he has n yet ! use ( 8 limbs2 x is necess>y to address ! gods1 :o successively re/ore all ! faculties he _h dur+ 8 life1 s t he c /& upright1 walk1 speak1 eat & fight4 ,?us prep>$1 he />ts2 he holds 8 sc>abu ov] 8 he>t z a passport1 & ?us passes ! portal ( ,hades4 ,f ! fir/ /ep1 t]rible ob/acles pres5t !mselves 9 8 way4 ,frightful mon/]s1 s]vants ( ,typhon1 crocodiles on l& & 9 ! wat]1 s]p5ts ( all k9ds1 tortoises & o!r reptiles1 assail ! deceas$ & attempt to dev\r him4 ,!n comm5ces a s]ies ( combats4 ,! deceas$ & ! animals aga9/ :i* he cont5ds mutually address insult+ spee*es to ea* o!r1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ,hom]'s h]oes4 ,f9ally1 ! 8,osiris0 7! "n appli$ to all ! deceas$7 has conqu]$ all 8 enemies2 he has subdu$ ! ,typhonic mon/]s1 & =c$ a passage1 &1 elat$ by 8 victory1 s+s on ! spot a song ( triumph1 lik5+ himself to all ! gods1 ^: memb]s are made ^? ( 8 own body4 8,my hair is l t ( ,nu 7! firmam5t72 my face is l t ( ,ra 7! sun72 my eyes l ^? ( ,a?or 7! ,egyptian ,v5us720 & s on = e "p ( 8 body4 ,he has ev5 ! /r5g? ( ,set1 t is1 ( ,typhon1 = ! /rife betwe5 ! good & evil pr9ciple is b 9 appe>ance2 9 reality !y are "o & ! same1 & equally receive ! adorations ( ! initiat$4 ,aft] su* labors ! deceas$ ne$s re/2 he /ays = a "t to recruit 8 /r5g? & to satisfy 8 hung]4 ,he has escap$ great dang]s1 & has n gone a/ray 9 ! des]t :]e he w\ld h di$ ( hung] & ?ir/4 ,f ! tree ( life ! goddess ,nu gives him refre%+ wat]s1 :i* invigorate him & enable him to recomm5ce 8 j\rney 9 ord] to rea* ! fir/ gate ( heav54 ,!n comm5ces a dialogue betwe5 ! deceas$ & ! p]sonification ( ! div9e ,light1 :o in/ructs him4 ,?is dialogue pres5ts "s mo/ rem>kable resemblances to ! dialogue prefix$ to ! books giv5 by ! ,alex&rian ,greeks z translations ( ! anci5t religi\s writ+s ( ,egypt1 betwe5 ,?o? & ! ,light1 9 :i* ! latt] expla9s to ,?o? ! mo/ sublime my/]ies ( nature4 ,?is portion is c]ta9ly "o ( ! be/ & gr&e/ ( ! ,ritual1 & may almo/ be class$ ) ! invocations to ! sun at ! close ( ! fir/ "p4 ,illu/ration3 ,,egyptian ,,prie/ess4 ,! deceas$1 hav+ pass$ ! gate1 cont9ues to advance1 guid$ by ?is new ,light1 to :om he addresses 8 invocations4 ,he !n ent]s ^u a s]ies ( trans=mations1 m & m elevat$1 assum+ ! =m ( & id5tify+ himself ) ! noble/ div9e symbols4 ,he is *ang$ successively into a hawk1 an angel or div9e mess5g]2 into a lotus2 into ! god ,ptah2 into a h]on2 into a crane2 into a human-head$ bird1 ! usual emblem ( a s\l2 into a swall[2 into a s]p5t1 & into a crocodile4 ,up to ?is "t ! s\l ( ! deceas$ has be5 mak+ its j\rneys alone2 x has be5 m]ely a sort ( image2 a m]e %ade1 ) ! appe>ance ( t body n[ /ret*$ on ! bi]4 ,aft] ^! trans=mations ! s\l becomes reunit$ to its body1 :i* is ne$$ = ! re/ ( ! j\rney4 ,x 0 on ?is acc\nt t c>eful embalm+ 0 s important2 x 0 necess>y t ! s\l %\ld f9d ! body p]fect & well-pres]v$4 8,oh10 cries ! body1 8t 9 ! dwell+ ( ! ma/] ( life ,i may be reunit$ to my glorifi$ s\l1 d n ord] ! gu>dians ( heav5 to de/roy me1 s z to s5d away my s\l f my corpse1 & h9d] ! eye ( ,horus1 :o is ) !e1 f prep>+ my way40 ,! deceas$ trav]ses ! dwell+ ( ,?o?1 :o gives him a book conta9+ in/ructions = ! re/ ( 8 way1 & fre% lessons ( ! k he is soon to require4 ,he arrives on ! banks ( ! subt]ranean riv] sep>at+ him f ! ,elysian ,fields1 b !re a new dang] awaits him4 ,a false boatman1 ! envoy ( ! ,typhonic p[]s1 lays wait = him on 8 way1 & endeavors by deceitful words to get him into 8 boat1 s z to mislead him & take him to ! ea/ in/ead ( to ! we/1 8 true de/9ation1 & :]e he ought to l&1 & rejo9 ! sun ( ! l[] _w4 ,! deceas$ aga9 escapes ?is new dang]2 he unmasks ! p]fidy ( ! false boatman1 & drives him away1 ov]:elm+ him ) reproa*es4 ,he at la/ meets ! "r boat to conduct him to 8 de/9ation4 ,b be=e gett+ into x1 x is necess>y to asc]ta9 if he is really capable ( mak+ ! voyage1 if he possesses a suffici5t am\nt ( ! k necess>y to 8 safety4 ,! div9e boatman !re=e makes him und]go an exam9ation1 a prelim9>y initiation1 seem+ly correspond+ to ! less] ,eleus9ian my/]ies4 ,! deceas$ passes ! exam9ation2 ea* "p ( ! boat !n seems successively to become animat$1 & to dem& ( him its "n1 & ! my/ical mean+ ( ! "n4 ,! /ake = an*or+ ! boat4 ,tell me my "n6 8,! ,"l ( ! e>? 9 ?y case10 is ?y "n4 ,! rudd]4 ,tell me my "n6 8,! enemy ( ,apis10 is ?y "n4 ,! rope4 ,tell me my "n6 8,! hair ) :i* ,anubis b9ds up ! folds ( ! wrapp]s10 is ?y "n2 & s on = tw5ty-?ree que/ions & answ]s4 ,aft] hav+ ?us victori\sly pass$ ?r\gh ?is trial1 ! deceas$ emb>ks1 trav]ses ! subt]ranean riv]1 & l&s on ! o!r bank1 :5 he soon arrives at ! ,elysian ,fields 9 ! valley ( ,avura1 or ,balot1 ! position ( :i* ! ritual gives 9 ^! t]ms1 8,! valley ( ,balot 7abundance71 at ! ea/ ( heav51 is #cgj cubits long1 & #adj cubits broad4 ,!re is a crocodile "l ( ,balot 9 ! ea/ ( t valley 9 8 div9e dwell+ above ! inclosure4 ,!re is a s]p5t at ! head ( t valley1 ?irty cubits long1 8 body six cubits r\nd4 ,9 ! s\? is ! lake ( sacr$ pr9ciples 7,%>u72 ! nor? is =m$ by ! lake ( ,primordial ,matt] 7,rubu740 ,a l>ge picture "h %[s u ?is valley1 a real subt]ranean ,egypt1 int]sect$ by canals1 :]e we see ! 8,osiris0 occupi$ 9 all ! op]ations ( agriculture2 prep>+ ! gr\nd1 s[+ & reap+ 9 ! div9e fields an ample provision ( t bread ( k he is n[ to f9d m necess>y ?an ev]4 ,he has1 9 fact1 arriv$ at ! end ( 8 j\rney2 he has be=e him only ! la/1 b also ! mo/ t]rible ( all 8 trials4 ,conduct$ by ,anubis he trav]ses ! labyr9?1 & by ! aid ( ! clew1 guid+ !m ?r\gh its w9d+s1 at la/ p5etrates to ! judgm5t-hall1 :]e ,osiris awaits him1 seat$ on 8 ?rone1 & assi/$ by =ty-two t]rible assessors4 ,!re ! decisive s5t5ce is to be pron\nc$1 ei!r admitt+ ! deceas$ to happ9ess or exclud+ him =ev]4 ,!n comm5ces a new int]rogatory1 mu* m solemn ?an ! =m]4 ,! deceas$ is oblig$ to give pro( ( 8 k2 he mu/ %[ t x is great en\gh to give him ! "r to be admitt$ to %>e ! lot ( glorifi$ spirits4 ,ea* ( ! =ty-two judges1 be>+ a my/ical "n1 que/ions him 9 turn2 he is oblig$ to tell ea* "o 8 "n1 & :at x means4 ,nor is ?is all2 he is oblig$ to give an acc\nt ( 8 :ole life4 8,i h n blasphem$10 says ! deceas$2 8,i h n /ol52 ,i h n smitt5 m5 privily2 ,i h n treat$ any p]son ) cruelty2 ,i h n /irr$ up tr\ble2 ,i h n be5 idle2 ,i h n be5 intoxicat$2 ,i h n made unju/ comm&m5ts2 ,i h %[n no improp] curiosity2 ,i h n all[$ my m\? to tell secrets2 ,i h n w\nd$ any "o2 ,i h n let envy gnaw my he>t2 ,i h spok5 evil nei!r ( ! k+1 nor my fa!r2 ,i h n falsely accus$ any "o2 ,i h n )held milk f ! m\?s ( suckl+s2 ,i h n practic$ any %ameful crime2 ,i h n calumniat$ a slave to 8 ma/]40 ,! deceas$ does n conf9e himself to d5y+ any ill conduct2 he speaks ( ! good he has done 9 8 lifetime4 8,i h made to ! gods ! (f]+s t 7 _! due4 ,i h giv5 food to ! hungry1 dr9k to ! ?ir/y1 & clo!s to ! nak$40 ,we may well on read+ ^! passages be a/\nd$ at ?is high morality1 sup]ior to t ( all o!r anci5t p1 t ! ,egyptians _h be5 able to build up on su* a f\ndation z _! religion4 ,)\t d\bt x 0 ?is cle> insight into tru?1 ?is t5d]ness ( consci5ce1 :i* obta9$ = ! ,egyptians ! reputation = wisdom1 e*o$ ev5 by ,holy ,scripture4 ,besides ^! g5]al precepts1 ! apology acqua9ts u ) "s police regulations = public ord]1 rais$ by common int]e/ 9 ,egypt to ! rank ( consci5ti\s duties4 ,?us ! deceas$ d5ies ev] hav+ int]cept$ ! irrigat+ canals1 or hav+ prev5t$ ! di/ribution ( ! wat]s ( ! riv] ov] ! c\ntry2 he decl>es t he has nev] damag$ ! /ones = moor+ vessels on ! riv]4 ,crimes aga9/ religion are also m5tion$2 "s seem v /range to u1 especially :5 we f9d !m class$ ) really moral faults4 ,! deceas$ has nev] alt]$ ! pray]s or int]polat$ !m4 ,he has nev] t\*$ any ( ! sacr$ prop]ty1 su* z flocks & h]ds1 or fi%$ = ! sacr$ fi% 9 ! lakes ( ! temples2 he has n /ol5 (f]+s f ! alt>1 nor defil$ ! sacr$ wat]s ( ! ,nile4 ,! ,osiris is n[ fully satisfi$2 8 he>t has be5 weigh$ 9 ! balance ) tru?1 & n be5 f\nd want+2 ! =ty-two assessors h pron\nc$ t he possesses ! necess>y k4 ,! great ,osiris pron\nces 8 s5t5ce1 & ,?o?1 z record] to ! tribunal1 hav+ inscrib$ x 9 8 book1 ! deceas$ at la/ ent]s into bliss4 ,"h comm5ces ! ?ird "p ( ! ,ritual1 m my/ical & obscure ?an ! o!rs4 ,we see ! ,osiris1 h5ce=? id5tifi$ ) ! sun1 trav]s+ ) him1 & z him1 ! v>i\s h\ses ( heav51 & ! lake ( fire1 ! s\rce ( all light4 ,aft]w>ds ! ,ritual rises to a high] poetical flight1 ev5 contemplat+ ! id5tification ( ! deceas$ ) a symbolical figure compris+ all ! attributes ( ! deities ( ! ,egyptian ,pan!on4 ,?is repres5tation ends ! "w4 ,,egyptian ,,wor%ip4 ,! gods ( ,egypt 7 wor%ip$ 9 temples & tombs4 ,e t[n _h at lea/ "o temple4 ,! s]vices 7 conduct$ by ! prie/s1 & on special occasions ! k+ & scribes jo9$4 ,! common p _h b little to d ) ! wor%ip4 ,! mo/ important wor%ip took place 9 ! inn]mo/ *amb]s1 :]e only ! prie/s 7 at all p]mitt$ to g4 ,illu/ration3 ,,av5ue ,,( ,,sph9xes ,,lead+ ,,to ,a ,,temple4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gateway ,,( ,,! ,,anci5t ,,egyptian ,,temple ,,( ,,k>nak4 ,! sacrifices 7 ( animals & vegetables ) ! p\r+ out ( w9e & ! burn+ ( inc5se4 ,! temples 7 gigantic /ructures gr\p$ toge!r4 ,!y 7 g5]ally approa*$ by av5ues ( sph9xes4 ,! great temples are almo/ all f\nd 9 ,upp] ,egypt1 :ile ! pyramids are 9 ,l[] ,egypt4 ,! inhabitants ( ,egypt 7 once ! greate/ nation ( e>?1 & !y built temples correspond+ to _! greatness4 ,!bes1 9 ,upp] ,egypt1 0 once a great] city ?an ,babylon1 or ,rome1 or ,london4 ,x 0 built on bo? sides ( ! ,riv] ,nile4 ,to x all ! surr\nd+ nations flock$4 ,! temples ( ,!bes h1 9 magnific5t gr&eur & maje/ic beauty1 probably nev] be5 surpass$ 9 any lat] age4 ,( ^! temples1 ,luxor & ,k>nak 7 ! greate/4 ,betwe5 ^! two /ret*$ 9 av5ue ( #adj gigantic columns1 ea* twelve feet 9 diamet]1 _! massive sides cov]$ ) sculptures4 ,! columns 7 s great t we _c und]/& h[ !y c\ld be cut out ( ! qu>ries & br\ght ! #adj miles t !y mu/ pass ov] to get to ,!bes4 ,k>nak 0 ! "w ( g5]ations4 ,x 0 #b1ejj ye>s 9 build+4 ,abraham mu/ h se5 ,k>nak :5 he j\rney$ to ,egypt4 ,moses mu/ h be5 famili> ) its c\rts4 ,! mess5g]s ( ,israel1 :o 9 aft] ages s\ght alliance ) p[]ful ,egypt1 mu/ h look$ ^u its columns & walls4 ,k>nak 0 a clu/] ( temples4 ,! c5tral "o 0 #a1ajh feet long & #cjj feet broad4 ,! circuit ( its walls1 says a ,roman hi/orian :o saw x 9 all its glory1 0 a mile & a half4 ,ne> ,!bes are ! /atues ( ,memnon1 :i* 7 said to s+ :5 ! rays ( ! ris+ sun t\*$ _! lips4 ,possibly ! breeze ( ! e>ly morn+ /ruck ^u "s conceal$ musical contrivance 9 ! /atue & produc$ ! s\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,s++ ,,memnon4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ru9s ,,( ,,! ,,spl5did ,,temples ,,( ,,!bes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sph9x ,,& ,,! ,,pyramids4 ,! mo/ impos+ monum5ts ( ,egypt are ! pyramids ( ,el ,gizeh4 ,! l>ge/ ( ^! is ! pyramid ( ,*eops4 ,?is is #dhj feet high1 & conta9s m ?an t5 millions ( cubic y>ds ( /one4 ,! pyramid is s plac$ t its f\r sides exactly face ! f\r po9ts ( ! compass4 ,! pyramids 7 probably great tombs4 ,at ! foot ( ! pyramids is ! great ,sph9x4 ,?is is a monum5t ( a man-head$ lion1 ne>ly n9ety feet long & sev5ty-f\r feet high4 ,its face is tw5ty-six feet long4 ,x is c>v$ out ( solid rock4 ,?is great ,sph9x is said to be ! image ( ! god ,h>-ma-*u1 ! sett+ sun4 ,betwe5 ! two front paws ( ! ,sph9x 0 plac$ a small *apel1 consecrat$ to ! god4 ,z ,ampre says3 8,?is huge1 mutilat$ figure has an a/oni%+ effect2 x seems l an et]nal spectre4 ,! /one phantom seems att5tive2 "o w\ld say t x he>s & sees4 ,its great e> appe>s to collect ! s\nds ( ! pa/2 its eye1 direct$ to ! ea/1 gazes z x 7 into ! future2 its aspect has a dep?1 a tru? ( expression1 irresi/ibly fasc9at+ to ! spectator4 ,9 ?is figure1 half /atue1 half m\nta91 we see a wond]ful maje/y1 a gr& s]5ity1 & ev5 a sort ( sweetness ( expression40 ,!re 0 mu* ( maje/ic beauty ab\t ! ,egyptian religion & wor%ip1 b !re 0 mix$ ) x a mass ( debas+ sup]/ition4 ,:5 ,k+ ,cambyses ( ,p]sia conqu]$ ,egypt1 & ! supremacy ( ! _w pass$ out ( ,egypt's h&s1 ! d[nfall ( its religion comm5c$4 ,! religion ( ! conqu]ors 0 m+l$ ) _! own4 ,aft] "s hundr$s ( ye>s1 ,*ri/ianity 0 spread ov] all nor? ,africa & up ! ,nile4 ,!n 9 ! ye> #fci1 aft] ,*ri/1 ,mohamm$anism conqu]$ ,egypt4 ,?is religion cont9ues to pr$om9ate 9 ,egypt4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,! ,,*aldeans4#b ,at t "t ! heav5 above 0 unnam$1 ,9 ! e>? b5ea? a "n 0 unrecord$2 ,*aos1 too1 0 unop5$ ar\nd !m4 ,by "n ! "m ,tihamtu1 ! ,deep 0 ! begett] ( !m all4 ,_! wat]s 9 "o place 7 n embosom$1 & ,! fruitful h]b 0 uncollect$1 ! m>%-plant ungr[n4 ,at t "t ! gods />s 7 n made to g2 none ( !m by "n 7 record$2 ord] 0 n among !m4 ,!n 7 made ! great gods2 & ^! ,lakhmu & ,lakhamu caus$ to g2 until !y 7 gr[n !y nurtur$ !m4 ,! gods ,assur & ,kiss> 7 made by _! h&s1 ,a l5g? ( days1 a long "t pass$1 & ! gods ,anu1 ,bel & ,hea 7 creat$2 ! gods ,assur & ,kiss> begat !m4 ,,f ,,! ,,*aldean 7,,cunei=m7 ,,creation ,,tablets4 ,9 ! ,tigro-,euphrates ,valley1 or bas91 z x is call$1 ! comm5cem5t ( ! hi/ory ( man is plac$4 8,& x came to pass t z !y j\rney$ f ! ea/1 !y f\nd a pla9 9 ! l& ( ,%9>3 & !y dwelt !re40 ,"h 0 great ,babel built1 & "h occurr$ ! confusion ( tongues1 & f "h ! nations 7 scatt]$ ov] all ! _w4 ,aft] ?is scatt]+ to ea/1 we/ & s\?1 !re 0 left a l>ge body ( p ( diff]5t nations1 9 ,*aldea4 ,! great monum5ts & inscriptions1 :i* are ! only rema9+ books ( e>ly hi/ory1 tell u ( two great nations call$ ! ,sumir & ,accad4 ,( ! desc5t ( ^! peoples1 x c be said ) c]ta9ty only t !re 7 ,hamites among !m4 ,! ,%emites are ! f\nd]s ( ! ,assyrian k+dom1 ! ,hamites ( ! ,babylonian4 ,^! & "s o!r scatt]$ tribes ( o!r nations1 7 wor%ip]s ( ! heav5ly bodies1 ! sun1 moon & />s4 ,h5ce came ! extraord9>y developm5t ( a/ronomy 9 ^! l&s4 ,_! /range & imp]fect civilization _h an imm5se influ5ce ov] a great "p ( ,asia1 = ov] #aejj ye>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/> ,,wor%ip]s4 ,! peoples ( ,*aldea did n at fir/ int]m+le ) ea* o!r1 b ma9ta9$ a sep>ate exi/5ce z tribes4 ,"h 01 h[ev]1 ! fir/ organiz$ gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 8,cu% begat ,nimrod3 he began to be a mighty "o 9 ! e>?4 ,he 0 a mighty hunt] be=e ! ,"l3 :]e=e x is said1 ,ev5 z ,nimrod1 ! mighty hunt] be=e ! ,"l4 ,& ! beg9n+ ( 8 k+dom 0 ,babel1 & ,ere*1 & ,accad1 & ,calneh1 9 ! l& ( ,%9>4 ,out ( t l& w5t =? ,as%ur1 & build$ ,n9eveh1 & ! /reets ( ! city1 & ,calah & ,res51 betwe5 ,n9eveh & ,calah3 ! same is a great city40 ,as%ur 0 ( ! ,semitic race1 :ile ,nimrod 0 a ,cu%ite4 ,^! two p liv$ long toge!r1 & ?is expla9s h[ !y came to h ! same language & civilization 9 spite ( _! be+ ( diff]5t orig94 ,! f\r great cities m5tion$ above gave to _! k+1 ! title 8k+ ( ! f\r regions40 ,! f\nd+ ( ?is great empire occurr$ only a little lat] ?an ! beg9n+ ( ! great ,egyptian k+dom4 ,we "k almo/ no?+ ( ! hi/ory ( ! ,*aldean k+s :o succe$$ ,nimrod1 except t :i* a few traditions tell u4 ,,! ,,great ,,*aldean ,,hi/orian4 ,b]osus 0 a ,*aldean prie/ :o liv$ 9 ! days ( ,alex&] ! ,great4 ,he 0 a v le>n$ man4 ,he translat$ ! hi/ory ( ,babylonia into ! ,greek language4 ,8 hi/ory comm5ces ) ! creation & is c>ri$ d[n to 8 own "t4 ,he drew f ! anci5t records ( ,babylonia1 f traditions ( ! p1 & f inscriptions on ! monum5ts4 ,we h already ref]r$ to ! traditions ( ! creation & deluge :i* he pres]v$4 ,ab\t #bdjj ,b4,c41 accord+ to ,b]osus1 ! ,m$es conqu]$ ,babylonia4 ,"h = ! fir/ "t we meet ) ! "n ( ,zoroa/]1 ! f\nd] ( ,p>seeism4 ,! record ( ,b]osus is v mu* valu$ because ( ! gr\nd :i* x cov]s4 ,x is wond]fully 9 agreem5t ) ! ,bible record4 ,at fir/ 8 /atem5ts 7 que/ion$ & disput$1 b ! rese>*es ( mod]n s*ol>s 9 _m respects confirm$ _! complete accuracy4 ,,ru9$ ,,monum5ts4 ,! ru9s ( ,*aldea h be5 z yet b imp]fectly explor$4 ,! great build+s & monum5ts h be5 buri$ b5ea? ! gr\nd = hundr$s ( ye>s1 & ! "w ( digg+ !m out is a sl[ "o4 ,:5 we rememb] t ^! cities & _! build+s 7 among ! fir/ ev] erect$1 & t ,nebu*adnezz> 7or ,nabukudur-ussur1 z ,b]osus calls him17 & 8 successors only repair$ & add$ to ^!1 we c see ! value ( exhum+ !m4 ,/one is v r>e 9 ,*aldea1 & c\ld be br\ght only at great exp5se f a di/ance4 ,h5ce all ! build+s ( e>li] ages 7 built ( bricks4 ,s we read ( ! ,t[] ( ,babel1 t 8!y _h bricks = /one40 ,on ea* "o ( ^! bricks 0 g5]ally /amp$ ! "n ( ! k+ :o erect$ ! build+4 ,! great] "p ( ! e>ly ,*aldean inscriptions are f\nd on ^! bricks4 ,h]odotus tells u t ! ,babylonians built ) ^! sun-dri$ bricks1 & ) "h & !re a lay] ( re$-matt+ cem5t$ ) bitum54 ,! outsides ( ! build+s 7 cov]$ ) burnt or kiln-dri$ bricks to keep out ! ra94 ,m elaborate specim5s ( _! pott]y appe> 9 articles = dome/ic uses1 & especially 9 _! c(f9s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,babyloni% ,,c(f9 ,,& ,,lid ,,( ,,gre5 ,,glaz$ ,,pott]y4 ,! sacr$ build+s appe> to h be5 (t5 built 9 ! =m ( a pyramid1 ) /eps or /ages1 =m+ a s]ies ( t]races1 ea* small] ?an ! "o b5ea? x4 ,?is is ! traditional /yle ( build+s ( ! ,t[] ( ,babel4 ,! same t5d5cy to build high sacr$ build+s is se5 9 ! pagodas ( ,india1 ,burmah & ,*9a1 9 ! ,mohamm$an t[]s1 l ! ,k\tub ,m9>1 & ! spires ( ,*ri/ian *ur*es4 ,! object at ! fir/ seems to h be5 ! gett+ ne>] to ! heav5ly bodies1 ! object ( _! wor%ip4 ,on ! upp] t]race1 or plat=m1 appe>s to h be5 built 9 mo/ cases1 a small *apel1 or squ>e room1 ri*ly ornam5t$1 conta9+ an image ( ! god ( ! temple4 ,( anci5t ,babylonian sculptures b few are kn[n to rema94 ,( ^!1 "o is a small bronze figure ( a goddess nam$ ,keodormabug1 & a brok5 /atuette 9 alaba/] ( ! god ,nebo4 ,b a numb] ( small cyl9d]s ( /one t 7 us$ z seals1 & :i* are cov]$ ) engrav+s or inscriptions1 give u mu* in=mation ( e>ly ,*aldean hi/ory4 ,! ,*aldeans 7 f> advanc$ 9 a/ronomy & 9 ari?metic1 :i* is indisp5sable to a k ( a/ronomy4 ,a ,,libr>y ,,( ,,brick ,,books4 ,! ,*aldeans _h eight sacr$ books1 said to h be5 writt5 by ! god ,oannes4 ,no copies ( ^! orig9al books rema94 ,b "s ( _! say+s 7 copi$ into ! books ( lat] k+s4 ,all t rema9s ( ! books ( anci5t ,*aldea is t :i* _h be5 transport$ to ,assyria1 :]e x 0 f\nd by ,lay>d & lat] by ,smi?1 9 mak+ _! excavations at ,n9eveh4 ,he f\nd 9 ! ru9s ( ! palace built by ,k+ ,as%urbanipal1 9 "o ( ! halls1 a libr>y4 8,?is curi\s libr>y consi/s entirely ( flat1 squ>e tablets ( bak$ clay1 hav+ on ea* side a page ( v small & closely writt5 cunei=m cursive lett]s1 impress$ on ! clay :ile x 0 /ill moi/4 ,ea* tablet 0 numb]$ & =m$ a page ( a book compos$ ( a numb] ( su* tablets1 probably pil$ "o on ano!r 9 ! libr>y40 ,! great] "p ( ^! tablets are n[ 9 ,engl&4 ,?is collection 0 int5d$ = a public libr>y z we see f ! foll[+ translation ( "s ( ! tablets3 8,palace ( ,as%urbanipal1 k+ ( ! _w1 k+ ( ,assyria1 to :om ! god ,nebo & ! goddess ,ta%mit 7goddess ( wisdom71 h giv5 e>s to he> & eyes to see :at is ! f\ndation ( gov]nm5t4 ,!y h reveal$ to ! k+s1 my pr$ecessors1 ?is cunei=m writ+1 ! manife/ation ( ! god ,nebo1 ! god ( supreme intellig5ce4 ,i h writt5 x ^u tablets1 ,i h sign$ x1 ,i h plac$ x 9 my palace = ! in/ruction ( my subjects40 ,illu/ration3 ,,cunei=m ,,lett]s4 ,! cunei=m *>act]s1 z !y are call$1 are made up ( m>ks %ap$ l arr[-heads or w$ges4 ,!re 7 enorm\s difficulties 9 ! way ( _! int]pretation4 ,9 ,egypt ! simil> task ( mak+ kn[n ! mean+ ( ! hi]oglyphics 0 p]=m$ 9 great "p by "o man1 ,*ampollion1 b 9 ,assyria ! "w 0 done by _m s*ol>s4 ,n[ ! fam\s libr>y is ne>ly all translat$1 z are ! inscriptions on ! seals z well4 ,as%urbanipal liv$ ab\t ,b4,c4 #fej4 ,,mann]s ,,& ,,cu/oms4 ,! habits ( life ( any p bo? affect & are affect$ by _! religi\s belief4 ,9 hea!n l&s1 bo? ( ! pres5t & ! pa/1 ! daily home-life is int]wov5 ) religi\s obs]vances4 ,! ,assyrians h be5 call$ 8! ,romans ( ! ,ea/40 ,!y 7 a fi]ce & w>like race4 ,!y 7 naturally a religi\s p1 & ! wor%ip ( ! gods held a v prom95t place at lea/ 9 _! public life4 ,b1 sad to say1 _! devotion to religion 0 associat$ ) su* a degrad+ wor%ip ( _m false gods1 t !y 7 dragg$ d[n by x1 in/ead ( be+ exalt$4 ,!y 7 v intellig5t4 ,!y 7 ma9ly agriculturi/s1 ?\gh ! arts fl\ri%$4 ,x seldom ra9$ !re except 9 w9t]1 s !y turn$ ! wat]s ( ! ,tigris & ! ,euphrates ,riv]s into *annels1 & convey$ !m ?r\gh _! fields4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rob$ ,,/atue4 ,! prie/s & k+s dress$ 9 g>m5ts ( wov5 /uffs dy$ 9 brilliant colors1 & beautifully embroid]$ ) symbolical figures1 animals1 m51 fl[]s & div9e symbols4 ,! co/ume ( ! ,assyrians consi/$ ( a robe op5 at ! side1 (t5 ) a bord] ( fr+e1 & decorat$ ) ri* embroid]y1 hang+ d[n to ! feet1 & conf9$ 9 ! middle by a broad girdle4 ,x precisely resembl$ ! djubeh ( ! ,ea/]n p 9 ! pres5t day4 ,! common p & soldi]s us$ a %ort] tunic1 rea*+ only to ! knees1 s z to all[ !m to walk freely4 ,! k+1 9 8 robes ( c]emony1 wore ov] all a sort ( long mantle or *asuble1 ?r[n obliquely ov] "o %\ld] & spl5didly ornam5t$4 ,?is is also se5 on ! monum5ts on ! figures ( ! gods4 ,a high conical ti>a surm\nt$ 8 head1 & 9 8 h& he held a long sceptre or /aff1 ne>ly ! height ( a man4 ,! insignia ( 8 rank 7 ! same z ^? ( ,asiatic mon>*s 9 ! pres5t day1 ! p>asol & l>ge fea!r$ fly-flaps c>ri$ beh9d him by slaves4 ,! ,assyrians wore _! hair long & curl$ at ! end1 ! be>d squ>e & ) r[s ( curls4 ,!y 7 fond ( we>+ great quantities ( jewelry1 l>ge e>-r+s1 f+]-r+s & bracelets4 ,"s ( ! soldi]s wore a cuirass ( small pieces ( metal protect+ ! body1 & all[+ ! tunic to appe> b5ea? x4 ,^! 7 probably light infantry4 ,o!rs wore long coats ( mail rea*+ to ! feet1 ) a conical helmet to :i* 0 atta*$ a sort ( veil ( *a9 mail1 fall+ d[n on ! neck1 & br\ght r\nd to protect ! *91 su* z are n[ worn by ! ,circassians4 ,,! ,,religion ,,( ,,assyria4 ,! religion ( ,assyria & ,babylonia 01 9 its ess5tial pr9ciples & 9 ! g5]al _s ( its conceptions1 ( ! same "* ( ! religion ( ,egypt1 & 9 g5]al z all pagan religions4 ,:5 we p5etrate b5ea? ! surface :i* gross ,poly!ism has acquir$ f popul> sup]/ition1 & rev]t to its orig9al & high] conceptions1 we %all f9d ! :ole bas$ on ! idea ( ! unity ( ! ,deity1 ! la/ relic ( ! primitive revelation1 disfigur$ inde$ & all b lo/ 9 ! mon/r\s ideas ( ,pan!ism2 conf\nd+ ! creature ) ! ,creator2 & trans=m+ ! ,deity into a god-_w1 ^: manife/ations are to be f\nd 9 all ! ph5om5a ( nature4 ,b5ea? ?is supreme & sole ,god1 ?is great ,all1 9 :om all ?+s are lo/ & absorb$1 are rank$ 9 an ord] ( emanation correspond+ to _! importance1 a :ole race ( second>y deities :o are emanations f ,8 v sub/ance1 :o are m]e p]sonifications ( ,8 attributes & manife/ations4 ,! diff]5ces betwe5 ! v>i\s pagan religions is *iefly m>k$ by ! diff]5ces betwe5 ^! second>y div9e be+s4 ,?us1 z we h already se51 ! imag9ation ( ! ,egyptians _h be5 especially /ruck by ! v>i\s /ages ( ! daily & ye>ly c\rse ( ! sun4 ,9 ?is !y saw ! mo/ impos+ manife/ations ( ! ,deity1 t :i* be/ reveal$ ! laws ( ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 ,9 ?is !y s\ght _! div9e p]sonification4 ,! ,*aldo-,assyrians1 especially devot$ to a/ronomy1 saw 9 ! ,a/ral1 & especially 9 ! planet>y sy/em1 a manife/ation ( ! div9e be+4 ,!y consid]$ ! />s z ,8 true ext]nal manife/ation1 & 9 _! religi\s sy/em made !m ! visible evid5ce ( ! subord9ate div9e emanations f ! sub/ance ( ! inf9ite be+1 :om !y id5tifi$ ) ! _w1 8 "w4 ,,! ,,supreme ,,god1 ,,ilu4 ,! supreme god1 ! fir/ & sole pr9ciple f :om all o!r deities 7 d]iv$1 0 ,ilu1 ^: "n signifies ,god p> excell5ce4 ,_! idea ( him 0 too compreh5sive1 too va/1 to h any det]m9$ ext]nal =m1 or consequ5tly to receive 9 g5]al ! adoration ( ! p2 & f ?is po9t ( view !re is a c]ta9 analogy betwe5 ,ilu & ! ,*ronos ( ! ,greeks1 ) :om he 0 comp>$ by ! latt]4 ,9 ,*alda x does n seem t any temple 0 ev] specially d$icat$ to him2 b at ,n9eveh & g5]ally ?r\gh\t ,assyria1 he seems to h receiv$ ! peculi>ly national "n ( ,as%ur 7:5ce 0 d]iv$ ! "n ( ! c\ntry1 ,mat ,as%ur71 & ?is itself seems relat$ to ! ,arian "n ( ! deity ,asura4 ,) ?is title he 0 great god ( ! l&1 ! especial protector ( ! ,assyrians1 he :o gave victory to _! arms4 ,! inscriptions designate him z 8,ma/] or ,*ief ( ! ,gods40 ,he x is1 p]haps1 :o is to be recogniz$ 9 ! figure occasionally f\nd on ! ,assyrian monum5ts 7b probably adopt$ 9 lat] times by ! ,p]sians to repres5t _! ,ormuzd71 repres5t+ a human bu/1 we>+ ! royal ti>a 9 ! middle ( a circle borne by two l>ge eagle w+s1 & ) an eagle's tail4 ,,! ,,assyrian ,,triad4 ,bel[ ,ilu1 ! univ]sal & my/]i\s s\rce ( all1 0 plac$ a triad1 compos$ ( 8 ?ree fir/ ext]nal & visible manife/ations1 & occupy+ ! summit ( ! hi]>*y ( gods 9 popul> wor%ip4 ,anu1 ! ,oannes ( ! ,greek writ]s1 0 ! "l ( d>kness2 ,bel1 ! demiurgus1 ! organiz] ( ! _w2 ,ao1 call$ also ,b91 t is1 ! div9e 8,son0 p> excell5ce1 ! div9e light1 ! intellig5ce p5etrat+1 direct+ & vivify+ ! univ]se4 ,^! ?ree div9e p]sons e/eem$ z equal 9 p[] & con-sub/antial1 7 n held z ( ! same degree ( emanation1 b 7 reg>d$ z hav+1 on ! contr>y1 issu$ ! "o f ! o!r--,ao f ,oannes1 & ,bel f ,ao4 ,oannes1 ! 8,"l ( ! ,l[] ,_w1 ! ,"l ( ,d>kness10 0 repres5t$ on ! monum5ts "u ! /range figure ( a man ) an eagle's tail1 & = 8 head-dress an enorm\s fi%1 ^: op5 m\? rises ov] 8 head1 :ile ! body cov]s 8 %\ld]s4 ,x is "u ?is =m t1 ,b]osus tells u1 accord+ to ,babylonian tradition1 he float$ on ! surface ( ! wat]s ( ,*aos4 ,bel1 ! 8,fa!r ( ! ,gods10 0 usually repres5t$ "u an entirely human =m1 attir$ z a k+1 we>+ a ti>a ) bull's horns1 ! symbol ( p[]4 ,b ?is god took _m o!r second>y =ms1 ! mo/ important be+ ,bel ,dagon1 a human bu/ spr++ f ! body ( a fi%4 ,we d n "k exactly ! typical figure ( ,ao or ,b91 8! intellig5t guide1 ! ,"l ( ! visible _w1 ! ,"l ( k1 ( glory & light40 ,! s]p5t seems to h be5 8 pr9cipal symbol2 ?\gh "s o!r sculptur$ figures seem to be int5d$ to repres5t ,b94 ,illu/ration3 ,,/atue ,,( ,,oannes1 ,,! ,,k+4 ,a second triad is produc$ ) p]sonages no long] vague & indet]m9ate 9 "*1 l ^? ( ! fir/1 b ) a cle>ly-def9$ sid]eal aspect1 ea* repres5t+ a kn[n cele/ial body1 & especially ^? 9 :i* ! ,*aldo-,assyrians saw ! mo/ /rik+ ext]nal manife/ations ( ! deity2 ^! 7 ,%ama%1 ! sun2 ,s91 ! moon god2 & a new =m ( ,ao or ,b91 inf]ior to ! fir/1 & repres5t+ him z god ( ! atmosph]e or firmam5t4 ,?us did !y indu/ri\sly multiply deities & repres5tations ( !m4 ,,! ,,gods ,,( ,,! ,,planets4 ,!n come ! gods ( ! five planets3 ,ad> 7,saturn71 ,m]oda* 7,jupit]71 ,n]gal 7,m>s71 ,i%t> 7,v5us71 & ,nebo 7,m]cury74 ,! wor%ip ( ,m]oda*1 ?\gh n mu* cultivat$ at ,n9eveh1 0 ( prim>y importance at ,babylon1 :]e he 0 reg>d$ z "o ( ! pr9cipal gods4 ,he 0 a second>y =m1 ano!r manife/ation ( ,bel 9 an inf]ior rank 9 ! hi]>*y2 he 0 call$ 8! anci5t "o ( ! gods1 ! supreme judge1 ! ma/] ( ! horoscope20 he 0 repres5t$ z a man1 erect & walk+1 & ) a nak$ sword 9 8 h&4 ,ad>1 8! fire10 call$ also ,samdan1 8! p[]ful10 al?\gh 8 planet _h be5 call$ ,saturn by ! ,greeks1 0 app>5tly ! ,assyrian ,h]cules4 ,8 appellations are1 8! t]rible1 ! "l ( w>riors1 ! /rong "o1 ! de/roy] ( 8 enemies1 he :o r$uces ! disob$i5t1 ! ext]m9ator ( rebels10 & 9 o!r cases1 8! ,son ( ! ,zodiac40 ,on "s monum5ts he is repres5t$ 9 company ) ,m]oda*4 ,9 ! same mann]1 he is repres5t$ 9 ! magnific5t colossal figures 9 ! ,museum ( ! ,l\vre1 & ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 :]e he is se5 z a god ( t]rible aspect1 /rangl+ 9 8 arms a lion t appe>s q small 9 comp>ison ) him4 ,) ! surname ( ,malik 7k+71 ,ad> ,malik is m5tion$ 9 ! ,bible ) 8,oannes ! k+0 7,anu ,malik7 7#b ,k+s1 xvii41 #ca17 z ! pr9cipal god ( ,sipp>a1 :]e ! inhabitants 8burnt _! *ildr5 9 ! fire0 9 honor ( ^! exalt$ ones4 ,9 g5]al ^! planet>y gods are only fire1 second>y manife/ations ( ! high] ord]4 ,su* is ! connection betwe5 ,nebo & ,ao4 ,nebo also is di/+ui%$ z ! 8supreme intellig5ce20 he is ! god ( prophetic inspiration & ( eloqu5ce1 & also ! special gu>dian ( royal pr]ogative1 ! protector ( k+s & ! prototype :om !y reproduce on e>?4 ,l ,bel1 he has on ! monum5ts an entirely human =m ) ! ti>a1 & ! dress ( a k+2 ?ree pairs ( horns1 rang$ "o above ! o!r1 decorate 8 ti>a1 & f\r l>ge w+s are (t5 atta*$ to 8 %\ld]s2 ! sceptre also is "o ( 8 common attributes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ad> ,,/rangl+ ,,! ,,lion4 ,,! ,,great ,,goddess ,,i%t>4 ,i%t> reproduces among ! planet>y gods ,anat & ,bilit1 ! great goddess ( nature1 ! "m ( all ! gods & ( all be+s2 %e is _! active & m>tial =m1 = %e is call$ 8! ,goddess ( ,battles1 ! ,que5 ( ,victories1 %e :o leads armies to ! fight & is ! judge ( w>like exploits20 b %e has a d\ble =m unit+ two *>act]s1 "o fi]ce & sangu9>y1 ! o!r voluptu\s1 = "u ! names ( ,z>panit & ,nana %e presides ov] ! reproduction ( be+s1 & ov] s5sual pleasures2 %e is 9 ?is la/ "* always repres5t$ nak$1 always full face & ) ! two h&s on ! *e/4 ,moreov] two ,i%t>s 7 always di/+ui%$1 t ( ,arbela 7call$ also ,arbail71 & t ( ,n9eveh1 :o presid$ ov] ! two =tnights ( ! mon?4 ,! plural "n ( ?is d\ble ,i%t>1 ,i%t>o?1 0 ! orig9 ( ! ,phnician ,a%t>o?4 ,n]gal1 ^: image is v uncommon1 /&s on ! legs ( a cock1 & c>ries a sword 9 8 h&4 ,! application ( ! "n ( ,m>s to 8 /> 0 q natural1 = 8 titles 9 ! inscriptions are 8! great h]o1 ! k+ ( fight1 ! ma/] ( battles1 *ampion ( ! gods10 & also 8god ( ! *ase40 ,,! ,,g5ii ,,( ,,assyria4 ,su* 7 ! great gods ( ,n9eveh & ,babylon4 ,bel[ !m popul> sup]/ition believ$ 9 an imm5se numb] ( p]sonifications ( inf]ior ord]1 ( less] gods1 or r g5ii1 :om x w\ld be wa/e ( "t to enum]ate4 ,we mu/1 h[ev]1 m5tion "s p]sonages :o are f\nd on ! monum5ts occupy+ an important position 9 ! ,*aldo-,assyrian pan!on1 & :o 7 evid5tly o!r =ms ( ! gods already nam$1 b ^: position has n z yet be5 precisely det]m9$4 ,su* is ,nisro*1 call$ also ,%alman1 :o 8presides ov] ! c\rse ( human de/9y10 & :o is also ! protector ( m>riages2 ?is is ! god ) an eagle's head & l>ge w+s1 ^: image is s common on ! sculptures ( ! ,assyrian palaces4 ,x 0 9 ! temple ( ?is god at ,n9eveh1 t ,s5na*]ib 0 assass9at$ by 8 sons4 ,possibly we ought to consid] ?is god z ano!r =m ( ,oannes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,elevation ,,( ,,palace ,,( ,,s>gon ,,at ,,khorsabad ,,z ,,re/or$ ,,by ,,mr4 ,,f]guson4 ,s>gon's greate/ "w z a build] consi/$ 9 build+ ,dur-,s>g9a1 :i* is n[ repres5t$ by ! ,m\nd ( ,khorsabad4 ,x 0 a mile squ>e1 & on ! nor?-we/ face /ood ! palace plat=m1 9 %ape l a ,t4 ,on ! out] & nor!rn portion ( ?is plat=m he built 8 palace1 ! halls & *amb]s ( :i* 7 panel$ ) slabs ( alaba/]1 ri*ly adorn$ ) sculptures1 & inscrib$ ) ! titles1 exploits & annals ( 8 reign4 ,! great gods are (t5 all invok$ "o aft] ! o!r at ! beg9n+ ( ! solemn inscriptions ( ! k+s ( ,assyria4 ,s>gon has giv5 ! names ( eight ( !m on ! gates ( ! city he f\nd$4 8,%ama% has conf]r$ on me all ,i possess10 says he 9 an inscription4 8,b9 gave me good =tune2 ,i h nam$ ! great ea/]n gates aft] ,%ama% & ,b94 ,bel ,dagon laid ! f\ndation ( my city1 ,bilit ,taau? gr9ds l pa9t ! elem5ts ( ! _w2 ,i h nam$ ! great s\!rn grates aft] ,bel ,dagon & ,bilit ,taau?4 ,oannes prosp]s ! "w ( my h&1 ,i%t> leads armies to battle2 ,i h call$ ! great we/]n gates aft] ,oannes & ,i%t>4 ,nisro* ,%alman presides ov] m>riages1 ! mi/ress ( ! gods presides ov] bir?s2 ,i h d$icat$ ! great nor!rn gates to ,nisro* & ,bilit40 ,inscriptions ( su* & l g5]al purport 7 sculptur$ on ! palace walls ( _m ( ! k+s & also ^u ! bodies ( ! w+$ bulls4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,great ,,human-,,head$ ,,eagle-,,w+$ ,,assyrian ,,bull4 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,! ,,gods ,,at ,,babylon4 ,! deity :o 0 ! pr9cipal object ( wor%ip at ,babylon & at ,borsippa 0 ,bel ,m]oda*1 ) 8 wife1 ,bilit or ,myletta1 ! great nature-goddess1 :o assum$ !-two opposite =ms ( ,taau? & ,z>panit1 ! "o au/]e1 ! o!r voluptu\s1 l ! two =ms ( ! ,v5us ( classical my?ology4 ,bilit _h a magnific5t temple 9 ! c5tre ( ,babylon1 :]e mo/ infam\s cu/oms 7 practic$4 ,at ,ur1 ! god ( ! city1 f ! remote times ( ,ur-,hammu1 0 ,s91 ! moon-god2 at ,sipp>a & ,l>sam1 ,%ama%1 ! sun2 at ,ere* & ,nipur1 ,bilit-,taau?1 8,goddess ( ! ,firmam5t40 ,! mo/ %ameful rites 7 connect$ ) ! wor%ip ( ,nana or ,z>panit1 at ,cu?a4 ,! mat]iali/ic & pr(\ndly immoral wor%ip at ,babylon1 naturally excit$ extreme horror 9 ! wor%ip]s ( ,jehovah1 & provok$ _! vehem5t invectives aga9/ ! idols ( ,*alda4 ,we quote ! eloqu5t words ( ,b>u*1 t portray s vividly an always mat]iali/ic1 & (t5 obsc5e wor%ip t 01 9 fact1 no m ?an a con/ant employm5t ( popul> sup]/ition = ! pr(it ( ! prie/s4 8,n[ ye %all see 9 ,babylon gods ( silv]1 & ( gold1 & ( wood1 borne ^u %\ld]s1 :i* cause ! nations to fe>4444 ,& tak+ gold1 z x 71 = a virg9 t love? to g gay1 !y make cr[ns = ! heads ( _! gods4 ,sometimes also ! prie/s convey f _! gods gold & silv]1 & be/[ x ^u !mselves4 ,yea1 !y w give !re( to ! common h>lots1 & deck !m z m5 ) g>m5ts1 be+ gods ( silv]1 & gods ( gold & wood4444 ,& he t _c put to dea? "o t (f5de? him holde? a sceptre 7,nebo71 z ?\gh he 7 a judge ( ! c\ntry4 ,he 7,bel ,m]oda*7 ha? also 9 8 "r h& a dagg] & an axe1 b _c deliv] himself f w> & ?ieves4444 ,!y light !m c&les1 yea1 m ?an = !mselves1 :]e( !y _c see "o4 ,!y are z "o ( ! beams ( ! temple1 yet !y say _! he>ts are gnaw$ ^u by ?+s creep+ out ( ! e>?2 & :5 !y eat !m & _! clo!s !y feel x n4444 ,z = ! ?+s t are sacrific$ unto !m1 _! prie/s sell & abuse2 9 l mann] _! wives lay up "p !re( 9 salt2 b unto ! poor & impot5t !y give no?+ ( x4 444 ,! prie/s also take (f _! g>m5ts & clo! _! wives & *ildr54444 ,! wom5 also ) cords ab\t !m sitt+ 9 ! way burn bran = p]fume40 ,! mo/ rem>kable build+ 9 ,babylon 0 ! temple ( ,bel4 ,x 0 pyramidal 9 %ape1 hav+ eight /ages4 ,! l[e/ /age 0 #bjj y>ds squ>e4 ,on ! summit a gold5 /atue ( ,bel1 #dj feet high1 /ood 9 a %r9e4 ,!re 7 also two o!r gold5 /atues & a gold5 table 9 ?is %r9e4 ,at ! bottom ( ! pyramid-temple /ood a *apel ) a table & two images ( gold )9 x4 ,two alt>s /ood outside ( ?is *apel4 ,a simil> temple 0 at ,borsippa ne> ,babylon4 ,x _h sev5 /ages1 ea* decorat$ 9 "o ( ! sev5 prim>y colors4 ,l all ,*aldean temples1 & l ! ,great ,pyramid ( ,egypt1 ! f\r corn]s ( ?is exactly correspond$ ) ! f\r c>d9al po9ts ( ! compass4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,! ,,jews4 ,= ^? ! race ( ,israel (t =sook ,_! liv+ /r5g?1 & unfrequ5t$ left ,8 righte\s alt>1 b[+ l[ly d[n ,to be/ial gods2 = :i* _! heads z l[ ,b[$ d[n 9 battle1 sunk be=e ! spe> ,( despicable foes1 ) ^! 9 troop ,came ,a/ore?1 :om ! ,phnicians call'd ,a/rate1 que5 ( ,heav'n1 ) cresc5t horns2 ,to ^: bright image nightly by ! moon ,sidonian virg9s paid _! v[s & songs2 ,9 ,sion also n unsung4--,,milton4 ,! ,bible utt]ly condemns all idol-wor%ip4 ,! p ( ,israel f _! neighbors 7 con/antly le>n+ ( idols & 7 frequ5tly l$ away f ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah to t ( false gods4 ,x w be pr(itable = u j "h to turn aside & consid] ^! gods4 ,! p ( ,israel 7 desc5d$ f an idolatr\s race4 ,jo%ua wrote 7,*ap4 xxiv41 #b71 8,y\r fa!rs dwelt on ! o!r side ( ! flood0 7t is1 ! ,riv] ,euphrates17 8& !y s]v$ o!r gods40 ,ra*el1 :5 %e left h] fa!r's home ) ,jacob1 /ole h] fa!r's 8t]aphim40 ,^! 7 images connect$ ) magical rites & !y 7 consult$ z oracles 9 lat] days4 ,laban says3 8,i h augur$1 or =etold by obs]v+ signs40 ,! t]aphim 7 us$ 9 ,israel ev5 9 ,ezekiel's "t4 ,laban calls 8 t]aphim 8 gods4 ,!y 7 g5]ally images ) a man's head & ) bodies ( v>i\s %apes1 ?\gh !y 7 q small1 be+ (t5 only ab\t two or ?ree in*es high4 ,,! ,,plagues ,,& ,,egyptian ,,idolatry4 ,! p ( ,israel /rangely s\ght to bl5d ! wor%ip ( ! true ,god & ( idols1 !y 8fe>$ ,jehovah & s]v$ /range gods40 ,!y wor%ip$ 9 turn v ne>ly all ! gods ( ! ,canaanites1 ,syrians1 ,assyrians & _m ( ^? ( ! ,egyptians4 ,!y 7 accu/om$ to we> amulets & *>ms1 :i* 7 suppos$ to place !m "u ! protection ( ! idol gods4 7,see ,g5esis xxxv41 #d47 ,9 ,egypt ! p ( ,israel 7 m ?or\ghly ta9t$ ) false gods1 & x 0 a long :ile be=e !y 7 cleans$ ( ! ta9t4 ,to ! gods ( ,egypt ,moses flung d[n ! gauntlet ( defiance4 ,he d>$ _! wra? & defi$ _! ang]4 ,9 ! puni%m5ts :i* ,god s5t ^u ,ph>aoh & 8 p = _! refusal to let ! *ildr5 ( ,israel g1 ! plagues ( ,egypt1 z we call !m1 smote _! mo/ sacr$ symbols4 ,at ! comm& ( ,moses1 ,a>on wav$ 8 rod ov] ! ,nile & its wat]s 7 turn$ to blood & its fi%es di$4 ,! ,nile 0 an object ( wor%ip to ! ,egyptians1 z 7 ! crocodiles & "s ( ! fi% liv+ 9 its wat]s4 ,! frogs1 9 ! next plague1 7 among ! sacr$ animals4 ,x 0 a "p ( ! ,egyptian religion t ! p & especially ! prie/s1 %\ld keep !mselves scrupul\sly clean1 & ! plague ( ! lice 0 a t]rible puni%m5t4 ,! great ,egyptian beetle1 ! sc>abu1 0 sculptur$ on all _! monum5ts & 0 an object ( wor%ip4 ,! plague ( flies or beetles 0 ano!r attack ^u _! religion4 ,select$ animals among ! cattle 7 wor%ip$4 ,! murra9 ( bea/s fell ^u !m1 _! be+ gods z ! ,egyptians believ$ !m to be1 c\ld n av]t ! plague4 ,! plague ( boils & bla9s 0 ano!r assault ^u ! purity ( _! p]sons requir$ by _! religion4 ,! o!r plagues %[$ mo/ effectually ! utt] inability ( ! ,egyptian gods to help _! wor%ip]s1 & t ,jehovah1 ! ,god ( ,israel1 0 ! "o ,supreme ,be+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sculptur$ ,,locu/4 ,,! ,,gold5 ,,calf4 ,) ! remembrance ( ,god's victory ov] ! idol-wor%ip ( ,egypt /ill fre% 9 _! m9ds1 ! ,israelites soon fell into idolatr\s ways4 ,_! lead]1 ,moses1 0 abs5t 9 ! m\nta9 ) ,god4 ,he _h gone ?i!r to receive ! comm&s ( ,god1 ! fir/ ( :i* 0 an unqualifi$ condemnation ( all idolatry4 ,z if to %[ ! necessity ( ?is comm&1 ev5 :ile ,moses 0 s engag$1 ! p 7 dem&+ ( ,a>on t he %\ld make !m an idol4 ,! comm&m5ts 7 giv5 to w>n ,israel aga9/ s94 ,!y 7 z a f5ce to keep !m f fall+ into ! m\? ( hell4 ,! ,israelites recall$ ! visible objects ( wor%ip to :i* !y _h be5 accu/om$ 9 ,egypt1 & bes\ght ,a>on to make !m gods4 ,weakly yield+ to _! urg5t reque/1 ,a>on asks = _! gold5 e>-r+s1 hop+1 x may be1 t !y w\ld n be will+ to make ?is sacrifice4 ,) ! gold ?us furni%$ he ca/ a 8molt5 calf10 ! image ( ! ,babyloni% w+$ bull ,*]ub4 ,?is he plac$ be=e ! ,israelites z ! image ( ! ,god :o _h l$ !m out ( ,egypt4 ,he !n built an alt> be=e ! idol4 ,9 ! "n ( ,jehovah1 he proclaim$ a fe/ival4 ,god is = ?is cause exce$+ly angry1 b 9 answ] to ,moses' pray] ,he f9ally sp>es ! p4 ,z ,moses comes ne>] to ! camp ( ,israel1 he he>s ! s\nd ( _! revelry1 & :5 8 eyes behold ! disgraceful sc5es att5d+ ! wor%ip ( ! gold5 calf1 9 8 ang] he ?r[s ! /one tablets conta9+ ! comm&m5ts to ! gr\nd4 ,he !n causes ! image to be gr\nd into p[d] & /rewn ^u ! wat] :i* ! p mu/ ne$s dr9k4 ,!n came ! awful slaught] ( ^? :o 7 n loyal to ,jehovah4 ,j h[ f> ,israel _h look$ ^u ! gold5 calf z a m]e symbol ( ,jehovah1 x is impossible to say1 b ,god condemns ev5 ! use ( a symbol1 ?\gh x may be truly said t ! symbol is n itself wor%ip$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goddess ,,a%tore?1 ,,i%t>4 ,dur+ ! re/ ( _! w&]+ 9 ! des]t1 ! p did n aga9 commit ! s9 ( idolatry4 ,! t]rible puni%m5ts :i* _h fall5 ^u !m 7 q suffici5t to det] !m f x4 ,into ! fe>fully wick$ wor%ip ( ,baal-,peor1 ! ,israelites 7 l$ by ! daught]s ( ,moab4 ,god s5t ^u !m an awful puni%m5t = ?is s9 also4 ,dur+ ! lives ( ,jo%ua & ! eld]s !y rema9$ true to _! allegiance to ,jehovah1 b ! foll[+ g5]ation rememb]$ n ! awful p5alties ,god visit$ on idolatry1 & !y 7 caught 9 ! sn>e aga94 ,,baal-,,wor%ip4 ,baal 0 ! supreme male div9ity ( ! ,phnician & ,canaaniti% nations4 ,a%tore? 0 _! female div9ity4 ,! "n ,baal means "l4 ,he 0 ! sun-god4 ,! "n is g5]ally us$ 9 connection ) o!r names1 z ,baal-,gad1 t is ,baal ! ,=tune-br+]2 ,baal-,b]i? or ,cov5ant-mak+ ,baal2 ,baal-,zebub1 ! ,fly-god4 ,! p ( ,israel wor%ip$ ,baal up to ! "t ( ,samuel1 at ^: rebuke !y =sook ?is iniquity = ne>ly a hundr$ ye>s4 ,! practice 0 introduc$ aga9 9 ! "t ( ,solomon1 & x cont9u$ to ! days ( ! captivity4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ph,,nician ,,goddess ,,a/>te4 ,dur+ ! life ( all ! judges1 ,israel wor%ip$ ,baal4 ,z soon z ,gideon 0 dead1 ! ,israelites1 :o _h dur+ 8 lifetime be5 less dev\t 9 ?is direction1 return$ to x aga9 ) en]gy4 ,z if 9 mock]y ( ! cov5ant made ) ,jehovah1 !y *ose to wor%ip ,baal-,b]i?1 8,baal ( ! ,cov5ant40 ,we are told t ?is ,baal's temple 0 a =tress1 & t 8 treasury 0 fill$ ) ! silv] br\ght 9 great abundance by 8 wor%ip]s4 ,be=e ! /ory ( ,samson is told ! /rik+ words are us$1 8! *ildr5 ( ,israel did evil aga9 9 ! eyes ( ,jehovah1 & ,jehovah gave !m aga9 into ! h&s ( ! ,phili/9es40 ,idolatry 0 _! national s94 ,f ,judges xvii4 & xviii41 we see t (t5 ! ,israelites tri$ to c>ry on bo? ! wor%ip ( ,jehovah & ( idols1 l ! ,saxon k+ :o is said to h _h bo? an alt> to ,*ri/ & an alt> to ! devils 9 8 *apel-cave4 ,/range to say1 ,moses' own son1 ,jona?an1 0 ! prie/ 9 ! idol-temple ( ! gods ( ! tribe ( ,dan4 ,^! idols 7 de/roy$ by ! ,phili/9es4 ,x 0 ! cu/om ( hea!n nations to c>ry _! idols be=e !m into battle4 ,idolatry 0 n due to popul>ity alone1 x 0 n foll[$ m]ely z a fa%ion1 = x 0 (t5 c>ri$ on secretly4 7,isaiah lvii41 #h1 & ,hosea ix41 #a1 #b47 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ammonite ,,fire-,,god ,,molo*4 ,"u ,samuel idolatry 0 =mally r5\nc$ by ! ,israelites4 ,b ,solomon's =eign wives br\ght ) !m ! gods ( _! own nations4 ,s ! gods ( ,ammon1 ,moab & ,sidon 7 op5ly wor%ip$2 ?ree ( ! summits ( ,olivet 7 cov]$ ) ! alt>s ( ,a%tore?1 ,*emo% & ,molo*1 ! fire-god4 ,! (f]+ ( human sacrifice 0 a "p ( ! wor%ip ( ,molo*4 ,! c]emony is suppos$ to h be5 z foll[s3 ,! prie/ /ood on a plat=m 9 front ( ! idol1 & :ile ! p b[$ d[n & murmur$ _! pray]s1 he plac$ 9 ! h&s ( ! idol ! sacrifice1 frequ5tly a little babe4 ,by "s cruel ma*9]y ! idol's h&s came toge!r cru%+ ! *ild1 :ile ! musicians beat _! drums to dr[n its cries4 ,rehoboam & ,j]oboam bo? l$ ,israel m deeply into idolatry4 ,j]oboam erect$ gold5 calves1 ! /atues ( ! ,egyptian god ,apis1 at ,be!l & at ,dan4 ,to _! use temples 7 devot$ & s]vices1 copi$ probably f ! ,mosaic ritual1 7 held4 ,inc5se & sacrifice 0 (f]$ be=e !m4 ,asa1 & ,jehosophat aft] him1 remov$ all ! relics ( idolatry4 ,) ,ahab's com+ to ! ?rone1 ,baal's wor%ip 0 re-e/abli%$4 ,?is 0 done at ! reque/ ( ,jezebel1 ! ,sidonian pr9cess4 ,ahab did 8m to provoke ,jehovah1 ,god ( ,israel1 to ang] ?an all ! k+s ( ,israel be=e him40 ,f ?is "t ,baal-wor%ip is int]wov5 ) all ! life ( ,israel4 ,! idolatr\s prie/s became m & m num]\s & important1 be+ patroniz$ by ! c\rt & f$ at ! royal table4 ,f9ally came ! gr& trial sc5e4 ,z 9 ,egypt long be=e1 ,god 0 once m ab\t to v9dicate ,8 supremacy4 ,on ,m\nt ,c>mel ! trial took place4 8,by scores1 by hundr$s1 *ant+ to _! god1 ,clad 9 :ite /oles ) frontlets ( r$ gold1 ,baal's prophets m>*$4 ,! cr[d ?r\gh all its myriad ranks 0 /ill1 ,) wide1 expectant eyes ! k+ 9 front4 ,=? /epp$ ,elijah2 melan*oly fire ,burn$ 9 8 sw>?y-gl[+ eye2 he look$ ,9 angry love1 impati5t1 scornful grief1 ,wond] & pity1 on ! multitude4 #8,h[ long1' he cri$1 ) voice l autumn bla/1 #8,h[ long1 ,o ,israel1 halt ye betwe5 two8 ,if ,jah be ,god1 !n s]ve ye ,him3 if ,baal1 ,!n ,baal4' ,! great cr[d /ret*$ to him1 & rock$ ,9 mighty agitation to & fro4 ,! gray crags caught 8 words1 & e*o$ !m ,to ,c>mel's cre/2 x ?rew !m to ! peak1 ,sn[-cr[n$1 ( ,lebanon1 :i* toss$ !m f> ,along ! surges ( ! b\ndless sea4 ,he spake aga93 #8,! ,god t answ]e? ,by fire1 let ,him be ,god4' ,z :5 a wave1 ,t re>s itself1 a wall ( poli%$ glass1 ,= leagues along ! %ore1 & hangs 9 air1 ,falls ) "o deaf5+ cra%1 s rose ! %\t ,( answ]+ acclamation f ! cr[d4 ,:ite-fac$1 ) re/less lips & anxi\s eyes1 ,baal's prophets he>d1 _! hundr$s c[$ & mute ,be=e "o man4 ,!y d>$ n1 9 m]e %ame1 ,decl9e ! *all5ge4 ,:ile ! dusky gray ,( e>lie/ dawn 0 flutt]+ into blue ,!y built _! alt>2 & :5 fir/ ! sun ,%[$ 8 cle> =ehead on ! m\nta9-tops ,_! *ant$ pray] to ! appe>+ ,baal ,rose l\d & %rill1 t he w\ld /ret* 8 h& ,) burn+ tor* to light ! sacrifice ,& prove himself a god4 ,! sun rose calm1 ,spr++ z if 9 joy f e>?'s l[ hills1 ,^u ! vault$ radiance ( ! sky1 ,all unreg>d+ ^! 8 wor%ip]s4 ,! hymns' la/ e*oes di$ away2 ! sun ,burn$ ) fi]ce heat1 swift /rid+ up ! blue4 ,/&+ on t scor*$ hill1 we felt 8 rays ,prick l %>p spe>-po9ts4 ,!n ,i he>d aga9 ,elijah's voice4 ,i _h be5 wat*+ close ,baal's prophets1 b ,i n[ look$ /raight at him4 ,a fe>ful gleam 0 9 8 eye1 a mir? ,too /]n1 me?\ght1 = man ( woman born2 ,8 glance 0 vex+ ^? rob$ prophets m ,?an ! sun's fire2 & !n be gave x words4 #8,might he n sp>e "o little sp>k1 b "o1 ,y\r f9e god rid+ !re1' he cri$1 #8to light ,y\r sacrifice8 ,he surely has en\gh2 ,he's burn+ y1 if n y\r (f]+4 ,poor s\ls1 ,i pity y6' ,!y scream$ = rage4 #8,a little l\d]1' smil$ he1 #8= p]haps ,9 8 w>m *>iot he has fall5 asleep4' ,!y leap$1 !y danc$1 !y cut !mselves ) knives1 ,till ! blood soak$ _! robes & p\r$ 9 /reams ,f _! lanc$ =eheads4 ,!n he laugh$ al\d ,great %\ts ( laught]1 till ! e*oes rang ,f crag to crag on ,c>mel4 #8,keep x up1 ,ano!r dance6' he %riek$2 #8ano!r song6 ,leap r high]2 nev] grudge "s drops ,( y\r de> blood1 s preci\s 9 8 sight4 ,ye "k he is a god1 my rev]5d fri5ds2 ,h[ (t5 h ye told ! p s8 ,y\r pretty spee*es & ! miracles ,:i* ye h %[n !m1 ^! 7 n1 ( c\rse1 ,m]e lies accurs$4 ,he is a god1 y "k4 ,l\d]1 ,i say2 he's old1 p]haps1 & deaf2 ,out ) y\r be>ds--t's hopeful--crack y\r ?roats ,9 yell+ *orus4 ,good1 good--ha1 ha1 ha6' ,he rubb$ 8 h&s1 wav$ wildly 9 ! air ,8 %eep-sk9 mantle1 laugh$ until ! te>s ,/ream$ d[n 8 face1 & all 8 body %ook ,) p>oxysms ( mir? & scorn4 ,ah me6 ,t laught] s\nd$ fe>fully1 & seem$ ,n human 9 its fi]y ru?lessness4 ,b z he /ood on ,c>mel1 *>r$ & gray1 ,a dead l& lay bel[1 8 native l&2 ,& ! :ite corpse-eyes made appeal to him ,aga9/ its murd]]s1 murd]]s ( ! tru?1 ,baal's ly+ prophets4 ,fur!rmore1 ,i ?9k ,t ?is ,elijah is n to be judg$ ,l common m54 ,! little rippl+ lake1 ,safe hid among ! hills1 c nev] "k ,! ocean's tempe/s4--,s !y wri!d & tore1 ,9 ec/asies ( grief & rage4 ,at la/ ,!y hung _! heads 9 mute despair1 & look$ ,^u ! gr\nd4 ,elijah /ood erect1 ,t]rible e>ne/ness & maje/y ,n[ sitt+ on 8 br[4 ,twelve /ones he took-- ,m>k1 twelve2 ?is *all5ge 9 ! full "n ,( ,israel z x /oop$ to ,david's h&1 ,& ) "o mighty ?rob ! multitude ,approv$ ,elijah's purpose2--twelve smoo? /ones ,f ,c>mel's side1 & ) !m he repair$ ,jehovah's alt>4 ,!n1 at 8 comm&1 ,we fill$ ! tr5* ) wat]1 till x ran ,ar\nd ! alt> l a surg+ /ream1 ,& wa%$ ! /ones1 & soak$ ! wood b5ea? ,! sacrifice4 ,he knelt ^u ! ridge1 ,aga9/ ! gold51 placid sky ( eve2 ,brief1 simple1 cle>1 8 words arose to heav52 #8,t ,god w\ld te/ify unto ,himself ,& to ,8 prophet1 & w\ld turn ! he>ts ,( ,8 own p back to ,him aga94' ,sc>ce _h he spok51 :5 a broad :ite gl>e1 ,scatt]+ e>?'s light l d>kness 9 its pa?1 ,ke5] ?an lightn+1 calm] ?an ! dawn1 ,! sword ( ,god t prove? ,him by fire1 ,t prove? ,him by fire 9 e age1 ,/oop$ f above & t\*$ ! sacrifice4 ,9 ! :ite blaze ! sun grew wan1 & hung ,l a pale moon ^u ! glimm]+ sky4 ,! fi]ce flame lick$ ! wat] up1 ! wood ,crackl$ al(t1 ! v alt> /ones ,gl[$ fi]y r$4 ,! pill>$ smoke arose ,?r\gh ! hu%$ air 9 t[]+ flawlessness1 ,!n spread out calm & broad1 l ,god's own face ,brea?+ acceptance4 ,b ,baal's prophets %ook ,9 utt] fe>1 & smote ^u _! brea/s1 ,& grovel$1 moan+1 d[n into ! du/4 ,cle> broke ! %\t f t great multitude1 #8,jah is ! ,god6 ,jehovah ,he is ,god6 #8,take !m1' ,elijah said2 #8let none escape4' ,we clos$ ar\nd ,baal's prophets1 ?ru/ !m d[n ,to :]e ! ?ir/y ,ki%on sl[ly crawl$4 ,!re made ,elijah b>e 8 arm1 & score ,by score he slew !m4 ,f ! heap ( dead ,ooz$ a broad rill ( blood1 t swell$ ! wave ,( slumbr\s ,ki%on40 ,illu/ration3 ,,jehovah',s ,,triumph ,,ov] ,,baal4 ,?is 0 a sev]e bl[ to ?is =m ( idolatry 9 ,israel = ! "t be+4 ,b 9 ,judah1 ,baal cont9u$ to be wor%ip$4 ,baal & o!r gods 7 wor%ip$ at _! own %r9es4 ,ahaz built alt>s to !m at e corn] ( ,j]usalem1 & high-places 9 e city ( ,judah1 replac+ ! braz5 alt> ( burnt-(f]+ by "o made aft] ! idol alt> at ,damascus4 ,! "t = ! f9al act 9 ! drama ( abom9ations is at h&4 ,! la/ sc5e op5s ) ! captivity at ,babylon4 ,"o w\ld expect t ?is t]rible puni%m5t w\ld imm$iately cause ,israel to turn to ! true ,god1 b x did n4 ,9 ! l& ( _! captivity !y took to !m =eign wives & ) !m _! idols4 ,b !re 71 ?r\gh all ! hi/ory ( ! ,jews1 a fai?ful few :o adh]$ to ! pure wor%ip ( "o ,god4 ,ev5 at ! "t :5 ,baal-wor%ip 0 mo/ preval5t !re 7 #g1jjj 9 ,israel :o _h n b[$ ! knee to ,baal 7#a/ ,k+s1 xxix41 #ah74 ,except+ ^! few1 ! *os5 p 7 almo/ z mu* giv5 to idolatry z any nation ar\nd !m4 8,israel = _m days _h no true ,god1 & no tea*+ prie/1 & no law0 7#b;d ,*ronicles1 xv41 #c74 ,=eign wives1 =eign allies1 & ! unnatural t5d5cy to desire visible objects ( wor%ip caus$ ?is preval5ce ( idolatry 9 ! v nation to :i* ,god made especial revelations ( ,8 "* & purposes4 ,9 spite ( ,god's promises & ?reats1 comm&s & entreaties1 puni%m5ts & p>don1 ,israel /ill s9n$4 ,! false gods m5tion$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t & "s ( ^? ref]r$ to 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t1 w be spok5 ( fur!r on 9 describ+ ! religions to :i* !y sev]ally belong$4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,greece4 ,!re1 :]e n[1 z we're by sages told1 ,:irls on high a s\lless fi]y ball1 ,helios guid$ !n 8 c> ( gold1 ,9 8 sil5t maje/y o'er all4 ,oreads !n ^! heights ar\nd u fill$1 ,!n a dryad dwelt 9 yond] tree1 ,f ! urn ( lov+ naiads rill$ ,silv] /reamlets foam+ly4 ,,fri$ri* ,,von ,,s*ill]4 ,! religi\s sy/em ( ! ,greeks is ! embodim5t ( beauty4 ,no o!r wor%ip t has ev] exi/$ s enc\rag$ ! ta/e = art z ?is4 ,its lit]ature1 its my?ological /ories1 its idols & its temples /ill control &1 to a great ext5t1 %ape ! art ideas ( ! _w4 ,its devotees h above all o!r p possess$ a p]ception ( beauty ( =m & a fondness = repres5t+ x4 ,! p ( ,greece appe> to h orig9ally come f ! nor?-we/]n "p ( ,asia ,m9or4 ,!y 7 call$ ! ,hell5es4 ,! wor%ip :i* !y br\ght f ,asia 0 ! wor%ip ( ! 8,heav5-,fa!r10 ! unse5 "o :o dwells 9 e!r1 ^: temple is ! sky1 & ^: alt> is prop]ly plac$ ^u ! m\nta9-top4 ,! ,h9dus call$ ! same be+ ,dyaus-pit>2 ! ,romans1 ,diovis-pat] or ,jupit]2 ! ,greeks1 ,zeus-pat]4 ,"o c readily see ! resemblance betwe5 ^! names1 & ! evid5ce !y be> to ! fact t ^! nations all came orig9ally f "o common /ock4 ,z ! primal ,greek race sep>at$ into v>i\s p>ts ( ,greece diff]5t =ms began to arise4 ,z sailors f o!r l&s arriv$ on _! %ores1 !y br\ght _! own gods ) !m1 & ?us _m new gods 7 introduc$ into ,greece4 ,! lively imag9ation ( ! ,greeks & ! out-door life ( _! primitive /ate produc$ a numb] ( tales & leg5ds ab\t ! gods4 ,"s ( ^! 7 bas$ on ! tales ) :i* _! =efa!rs 7 famili> 9 _! e>ly home 9 ,asia4 ,! p liv$ 9 sep>ate villages4 ,w&]+ m9/rels & m]*ants c>ri$ ^! tales ( gods & h]oes f village to village4 ,poets !n caught !m up & adorn$ !m ) ! t\*es ( a liveli] fancy4 ,?us soon a ri* & luxuriant sy/em ( leg5d>y lore 0 9 possession ( ! :ole p4 ,j z is ! case ) o!r nations1 ! be+s call$ gods by ! ,greeks are b ! p]sonifications ( ! p[]s & objects ( nature1 & ! leg5ds b repres5t ! c\rses ( nature & its op]ations4 ,to ^! primitive notions imag9ation aft]w>ds add$1 & poetry clo!d ! :ole ) a w>m gl[4 ,?us 0 =m$ ! popul> ,greek fai?4 ,,orig9 ,,( ,,! ,,_w ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,gods4 ,accord+ to ! ideas ( ! ,hom]ic & ,hesiodic ages1 x w\ld seem t ! _w 0 a holl[ globe1 divid$ into two equal portions by ! flat disk ( ! e>?4 ,! ext]nal %ell ( ?is globe is call$ by ! poets braz5 & iron1 probably only to express its solidity4 ,! sup]ior hemisph]e 0 nam$ ,heav51 ! inf]ior "o ,t>t>us4 ,! l5g? ( ! diamet] ( ! holl[ sph]e is giv5 ?us by ,hesiod4 ,x w\ld take1 he says1 n9e days = an anvil to fall f heav5 to e>?2 & an equal space ( "t w\ld be occupi$ by its fall f e>? to ,t>t>us4 ,! lum9>ies :i* gave light to gods & m5 %$ _! radiance ?r\gh all ! int]ior ( ! upp] hemisph]e2 :ile t ( ! inf]ior "o 0 fill$ ) et]nal gloom & d>kness1 & its /ill air 0 unmov$ by any w9d4 ,! e>? fill$ ! c5tre ( ! univ]se 9 ! =m ( a r\nd flat disk1 or r cyl9d]1 ar\nd :i* ! riv] 7! ocean7 fl[$4 ,hellas 0 probably reg>d$ z ! c5tre ( ! e>?2 b ! poets are sil5t on ?is po9t4 ,!y are equally s z to ! exact c5tral po9t1 b probably view$ z su* ,olympus1 ! abode ( ! gods4 ,9 aft] times ,delphi became practically ! navel ( ! e>?4 ,! sea divid$ ! t]re/ial disk into two portions1 :i* we may suppose 7 reg>d$ z equal4 ,^! divisions d n seem to h _h any di/9ctive names 9 ! "t ( ,hom]4 ,! nor!rn "o 0 aft]w>ds nam$ ,europe2 ! s\!rn1 at fir/ call$ ,asia1 alone1 0 9 process ( "t divid$ into ,asia & ,libya1 ! =m] compris+ all ! c\ntry betwe5 ! ,phasis & ! ,nile1 ! latt] all betwe5 ?is riv] & ! we/]n ocean4 ,9 ! sea1 ! ,greeks appe> to h kn[n1 to ! we/ ( _! own c\ntry1 s\!rn ,italy1 ,sicily & ,spa91 ?\gh _! ideas respect+ ^! c\ntries 7 probably vague & unc]ta94 ,! imag9ation ( ! poets1 or ! tales ( voyag]s1 _h plac$ 9 ! m remote p>ts ( x sev]al isl&s1 su* z ! ,ogygian1 ! isle ( ,calyps2 ! an1 t ( ,kirk2 ! olion1 t ( olos2 ,s*]ia1 ! abode ( ! ,phakians--isl&s 9 all probability z ideal & z fabul\s z ! isles ( ,pan*aia1 ,lilliput1 or ,brobdignag1 ?\gh bo? anci5ts & mod]ns h endeavor$ to assign _! exact positions4 ,along its s\!rn coa/ lay1 x w\ld appe>1 ! c\ntries ( ! ,lotus-eat]s1 ! ,cyclops1 ! ,giants & ! ,l/rigonians4 ,^! isles & coa/s ( ! we/]n "p ( ! sea 7 ! sc5es ( mo/ ( ! wond]s ( e>ly ,grecian fable4 ,!re1 & on ! isles ( ! ocean1 ! passage to :i* 0 suppos$ to be clos$ to ! isl& ( ,kirk1 dwelt ! ,sir5s1 ! ,hesp]ides1 ! ,grc1 ! ,gorgons & ! o!r be+s ( fable1 ^: v>i$ de$s make up ! ev] int]e/+ n>ratives ( ! anci5t my?ology4 ,! ,greeks ( ! e>ly ages knew little ( any p except ^? to ! ea/ & s\? ( _! own c\ntry1 or ne> ! coa/ ( ! ,m$it]ranean4 ,_! imag9ation1 meantime1 _h peopl$ ! we/]n portion ( ?is sea ) giants1 mon/]s & en*antresses2 :ile !y plac$ ar\nd ! edge ( ! disk ( ! e>?1 :i* !y probably reg>d$ z ( no great wid?1 nations enjoy+ ! peculi> favor ( ! gods1 & bless$ ) happ9ess & longevity--a notion :i* cont9u$ to prevail ev5 9 ! hi/oric times4 ,! entrance to ! city or palace ( ! gods on ,olympus 0 clos$ by a gate ( cl\ds kept by ! goddesses nam$ ! 8,seasons20 b ! cl\dy valves op5$ spontane\sly to p]mit ! great] gods to pass to & fro on _! visits to ! e>?1 ?us l9k+ ) e>?'s phases ! approa*es or dep>tures ( ! gods4 ,t>t>us 0 unvisit$ by ! light ( day4 ,x 0 reg>d$ z ! prison ( ! gods1 & n z ! place ( torm5t = wick$ m51 be+ to ! gods :at ,erebus 0 to m5--! abode ( ^? :o 7 driv5 f ! sup]nal _w4 ,! ,titans1 :5 conqu]$1 7 %ut up 9 x2 & 9 ! ,ilias1 ,zeus m5aces ! subord9ate & refractory gods ) bani%m5t to its murky regions4 ,,! ,,g5]ations ,,( ,,! ,,gods4 ,*aos 7void space7 0 fir/3 !n came into be+ 8broad-brea/$0 ,e>?1 ! gloomy ,t>t>us & ,love4 ,*aos produc$ ,erebus & ,night1 & ?is la/ bore to ,erebus ,day & ,e!r4 ,e>? n[ produc$ ,uranos 7,heav571 ( equal ext5t ) h]self1 to envelop h]1 & ! m\nta9s & ,pontos 7,sea74 ,%e !n bore to ,uranus a mighty prog5y--! ,titans2 six males & six females4 ,%e also bore ! ?ree ,cyclops & ! ?ree-hundr$ h&$ ones1 ,hottos1 ,bri>eus & ,gyges4 ,^! *ildr5 7 hat$ by _! fa!r1 :o1 z soon z !y 7 born1 ?ru/ !m out ( sight 9 a cav]n ( "m ,e>?1 :o1 griev$ at 8 conduct1 produc$ ! sub/ance ( ho>y /eel1 &1 =m+ f x a sickle1 r\s$ h] *ildr51 ! ,titans1 to rebellion aga9/ him2 b fe> seiz$ on !m all except ,kronos1 :o1 ly+ 9 wait ) ! sickle ) :i* 8 "m _h arm$ him1 mutilat$ 8 unsuspect+ sire4 ,! drops :i* fell to ! e>? f ! w\nds gave bir? to ! ,er9nyes1 ! ,giants & ! ,mehan nymphs2 & f :at fell into ! sea sprang ,aphrodit1 ! goddess ( love & beauty4 ,e>? f9ally1 aft] ! ov]?r[ ( ! ,titans1 bore by ,t>t>os h] la/ (fspr+1 ! hundr$-head$ ,typhu1 ! fa!r ( /orms & :irlw9ds1 :om ,zeus precipitat$ into ,t>t>us4 ,rhea 0 unit$ to ,kronos4 ,kronos1 hav+ le>n$ f 8 p>5ts1 ,heav5 & ,e>?1 t he 0 fat$ to be depriv$ by "o ( 8 sons ( ! k+dom :i* he _h tak5 f 8 fa!r1 dev\r$ 8 *ildr5 z fa/ z !y 7 born4 ,rhea1 :5 ab\t to be deliv]$ ( ,zeus1 bes\ght h] p>5ts to tea* h] h[ %e might save him4 ,in/ruct$ by ,e>?1 %e conceal$ him 9 a cav]n ( ,crete1 & gave a /one 9 8 /ead to ,kronos4 ,?is /one he aft]w>d ?rew up1 & ) x ! *ildr5 :om he _h dev\r$4 ,:5 ,zeus 0 gr[n up1 he & ! o!r *ildr5 ( ,kronos made w> on _! fa!r & ! ,titans4 ,! sc5e ( ! conflict 0 ,!ssaly2 ! =m] f\ght f ,olympus1 ! latt] f ,o?rys4 ,dur+ t5 entire ye>s ! conflict 0 undecid$2 at l5g?1 by ! c\nsel ( ,e>?1 ! ,kronids releas$ ! ,hundr$-h&$ & call$ !m to _! aid4 ,! w> 0 !n resum$ ) r5ew$ vigor1 & ! ,titans 7 f9ally vanqui%$ & imprison$ 9 ,t>t>us1 "u ! gu>d ( ! ,hundr$-h&$4 ,! ,kronids !n1 by ! advice ( ,e>?1 gave ! supreme p[] to ,zeus1 :o1 9 return1 di/ribut$ honors & dom9ion among ! associates ( 8 victory4 ,,gods ,,( ,,! ,,grecians4 ,! ,greeks ( ! e>ly ages reg>d$ ! l(ty ,!ssalian m\nta9 nam$ ,olympus z ! dwell+ ( _! gods4 ,9 ! ,odyssey1 :]e ! deities are ( a "* f> m dignifi$ & elevat$ ?an 9 ! ,ilias1 ! place ( _! abode %>es 9 _! exaltation2 & x may almo/ be d\bt$ if ! poet :o drew ! foll[+ picture ( ,olympus c\ld h conceiv$ x to be no m ?an ! summit ( a t]re/rial m\nta93 8,olympus1 :]e !y say ! ev] firm ,seat ( ! gods is1 by ! w9ds un%ak51 ,nor ev] wet ) ra91 nor ev] %[]$ ,) sn[1 b cl\dless e!r o'er x spreads1 ,& glitt]+ light encircles x ar\nd1 ,on :i* ! happy gods aye dwell 9 bliss40 ,man loves to be/[ 8 own =m ^u 8 gods1 z be+ ! noble/ t he c conceive4 ,^? ( ,hom] are all ( ! human =m1 b ( f> l>g] dim5sions ?an m52 great size be+ an object ( admiration bo? 9 m5 & wom5 9 ^? e>ly & m>tial ages4 ,?us1 :5 ! goddess ,a!na asc5ds z driv] ! *>iot ( ,diom$es1 ,l\d groan$ ! bee*5 axle ) ! weight1 ,= a great god & valiant *ief x bore2 :5 9 ! battle ( ! gods ,ars is /ruck to ! e>? by ?is goddess1 he is describ$ z cov]+ sev5 ple?ra ( gr\nd2 ! helmet ( ! goddess h]self w\ld1 we are told1 cov] ! footm5 ( a hundr$ t[ns2 :5 ,h]a is ab\t to make an oa? %e lays "o h& on ! e>?1 ! o!r on ! sea2 ! voice ( ,poseidn & ,ars are z l\d z ! %\t ( n9e or t5 ?\s& m54 ,! gods c1 h[ev]1 increase or dim9i% _! size1 assume ! =m ( p>ticul> m51 or ( any animals1 & make !mselves visible & invisible at _! pleasure4 ,_! bodies are also ( a f9] nature ?an ^? ( m54 ,x is n blood1 b a blood-l fluid nam$ i*r1 :i* fl[s 9 _! ve9s4 ,!y are susceptible ( injury by mortal weapons2 ! arr[s ( ,h]akles violate ! div9e bodies ( ,h]a & ,hades4 ,diom$es w\nds bo? ,aphrodite & ,ars4 ,!y require n\ri%m5t z m5 d2 _! food is call$ ,ambrosia1 _! dr9k ,nect>4 ,_! mode ( life exactly resembles t ( ! pr9ces & nobles ( ! h]oic ages4 ,9 ! palace ( ,zeus1 on ,olympus1 !y fea/ at ! approa* ( ev5+1 & conv]se ( ! affairs ( heav5 & e>?2 ! nect> is h&$ r\nd by ,hebe 7y\?72 ,apollo delights !m ) ! tones ( 8 lyre2 & ! ,muses1 9 responsive /ra9s1 p\r =? _! melodi\s voices 9 song4 ,:5 ! sun desc5ds ea* god retires to repose 9 8 own dwell+4 ,!y frequ5tly p>take ( ! hospitality ( m51 travel ) !m1 & %>e 9 _! w>s & battles4 ,) ! =m ( m5 ! ,hom]ic gods also p>take ( _! passions4 ,!y are caprici\s1 jeal\s1 rev5geful1 w support _! favorites ?r\gh "r & wrong1 & are implacable t[>d _! enemies or ev5 ^? :o h slight$ !m4 ,_! p[] 0 held to ext5d v f>2 m5 reg>d$ !m ! au?ors ( bo? good & evil2 all human ability & success 0 ascrib$ to !m4 ,!y 7 believ$ to h p[] ov] ! ?\ghts ( m51 & c\ld imp]ceptibly sugge/ su* z !y pleas$4 ,!y requir$ ( m5 to honor !m ) pray]1 & ! sacrifice ( ox51 goats1 %eep1 lambs & kids1 & oblations ( w9e & corn1 & fragrant h]bs4 ,:5 (f5d$1 !y usually remitt$ _! wra? :5 ?us appeas$4 ,! ,hom]ic gods h all diff]5t ranks & (fices2 ,olympus be+1 9 fact1 regulat$ on ! model ( a ,grecian city ( ! h]oic ages4 ,zeus 0 k+ ( ! region ( ! air & cl\ds1 :i* _h fall5 to him by lot on ! de?ronem5t ( 8 fa!r ,kronos2 ! sea 0 ! realm ( 8 bro!r ,poseidn2 ! "u-_w fell to ,hades 9 ! division ( _! conque/s2 e>? & ,olympus 7 common prop]ty4 ,zeus1 h[ev]1 z elde/ bro!r1 ex]cis$ a supremacy1 & 8 p[] 0 ! greate/4 ,! o!r inhabitants ( ,olympus 7 ,h]a1 si/] & sp\se ( ,zeus2 ,apollo1 ! god ( music & ar*]y2 8 si/] ,artemis1 ! goddess ( ! *ase1 & _! "m ,leto2 ,aphrodite1 goddess ( love1 & h] "m ,dione2 ,ars1 god ( w>2 ,pallas-,a!ne1 goddess ( prud5ce & skill2 ,!mis1 goddess ( ju/ice2 ,h]moias1 god ( gra92 ,hebe1 ! att5dant ( ! ,olympian k+ & que5 & ,isis1 _! mess5g]2 ,heph/os1 ! cele/ial arti/1 & ,peon1 ! physician2 & ! ,muses1 ! ,graces & ! ,seasons4 ,poseidn 0 frequ5tly !re2 b ,demet]1 ! goddess ( agriculture1 & ,dionysius1 ! god ( w9e1 d n appe> among ! resid5ts ( ,olympus4 ,! ,nymphs & ! ,riv]-gods occasionally visit$ or 7 summon$ to x4 ,eos1 ,helios & ,sel5e1 rose e day out ( ! ocean-/ream1 & drove 9 _! *>iots ?r\gh ! air1 %$d+ _! *e]+ beams abroad4 ,all ! dwell+s ( ! gods ^u ,olympus 7 ( brass or copp]1 ! metal :i* 0 9 ! greate/ abundance 9 ,greece4 ,heph/os 0 ar*itect & smi?2 he =m$ all ! arms1 h\sehold furniture1 *>iots & o!r articles 9 use among ! ,cele/ials2 b _! dress1 especially t ( ! goddesses1 appe>s to h be5 ! workman%ip ( ,pallas-,a!ne or ( ! ,graces4 ,! gold :i* proce$$ f ! "w-%op ( ,heph/os 0 fill$ ) automatic p[]2 8 /atues 7 end[$ ) intellig5ce2 8 tripods c\ld move ( !mselves2 he made ! gold5 %oes1 or r soles1 ) :i* ! gods trod ! air & ! wat]s1 or /rode ) ! spe$ ( w9ds1 or ev5 ( ?\ght1 f m\nta9 to m\nta9 ^u ! e>? :i* trembl$ b5ea? _! weight4 ,! *>iots ( ! gods & _! appurt5ances 7 =m$ ( v>i\s metals4 ,t ( ,h]a1 = example1 is ?us describ$3 8,!n ,hebe quickly to ! *>iot put ,! r\nd :eels1 eight-spok$1 braz51 /rong ,axle ( iron4 ,gold _! fellies 71 ,& undecay+1 b !reon ( brass ,! tires1 well-fitt+1 wondr\s to behold4 ,( silv] 0 ! r\nd$ nave ( ea*2 ,! body 0 hung by gold & silv] cords1 ,& two curv$ sides encompass$ x ab\t4 ,! pole 0 silv]1 & ^u its end ,%e ti$ ! beaute\s gold5 yoke1 & b\nd ,on x ! gold5 braces fair2 ! /e$s1 ,swift-foot$ !n b5ea? ! yoke 7 l$ ,by ,h]a1 eag] = ! w> & /rife40 ,^! *>iots 7 drawn by horses ( cele/ial bre$1 :i* c\ld :irl !m to & fro betwe5 heav5 & e>?1 ?r\gh ! yield+ air1 or skim ) !m along ! surface ( ! sea1 )\t wett+ ! axle4 ,!y 7 only us$ on occasions ( tak+ a long j\rney1 z :5 ,h]a pr(esses t %e is go+ to ! end ( ! e>? to make up ! qu>rel betwe5 ,okeanos & ,te?ys2 or on occasions 9 :i* ! gods wi%$ to appe> ) /ate & magnific5ce4 ,on ord9>y occasions ! gods mov$ by ! aid ( _! gold5 %oes2 :5 at home 9 _! h\ses1 !y1 l ! m5 ( ^? ages1 w5t b>e-foot4 ,! ,greeks tell almo/ innum]able /ories ( _! gods1 & _! adv5tures1 love-escapades & w>s4 ,"s are wond]fully beautiful1 o!rs humble or grotesque4 ,_! h]oes come 9 = a %>e ( ! honors paid ! gods4 ,we c comp>e ^! /ories ) ! leg5ds ( o!r nations1 & see ! wondr\s resemblance betwe5 !m4 ,,specim5 ,,/ories ,,f ,,greek ,,my?ology4 ,x w be possible to introduce b a few ( ! v _m ,greek leg5ds & my?s4 ,we *oose to give a few fully1 r ?an to give _m imp]fectly4 ,,h]mes ,,& ,,apollo4 ,h]mes 0 born ( ! m\nta9-nymph1 ,maia1 9 a cav]n ( ,m\nt ,kylln1 9 ,arcadia4 ,he _h sc>cely be5 laid 9 8 cradle1 :5 he got up & set (f = ,pi]ia1 to /eal c[s f ,apollo4 ,z he 0 go+ out he met a tortoise1 :i* he caught up & c>ri$ back to ! cave2 :51 quick z ?\ght1 he kill$ ! animal1 took out ! fle%1 adapt$ re$s & /r+s to ! %ell1 & =m$ f x ! ,phorm9 or ,lyre1 on :i* he imm$iately play$ ) p]fect skill4 ,he !n laid x up 9 8 cradle1 & resum$ 8 j\rney4 ,he arriv$ by sunset 9 ,pi]ia1 :]e ! ox5 ( ! gods f$ "u ! c>e ( ,apollo4 ,he =?) sep>at$ fifty c[s f ! h]d & drove !m away1 contriv+ to make !m g backw>ds2 & ?r[+ away 8 s&als1 b\nd bran*es ( myrtle & tam>isk "u 8 feet1 t ! h]dsman-god might h no clew by :i* to trace 8 cattle4 ,z he pass$ by ,on*/os 9 ,botia1 he saw an old man engag$ 9 plant+ 8 v9ey>d1 :om he /rictly *>g$ n to tell :at he _h se54 ,he !n pursu$ 8 way by %ady hills1 res\nd+ vales & fl[]y pla9s1 & z ! moon 0 ris+ arriv$ ) 8 booty on ! banks ( ! ,alpheios 9 ! ,peloponnse4 ,he !re f$ & /all$ 8 k9e1 made a fire1 kill$1 cut up1 & dress$ two ( !m1 & ev5 made black pudd+s ( _! blood1 & !n ?riftily spread _! sk9s to dry on a rock4 ,he burn$ ! heads & feet1 & put out ! fire1 effac+ all signs ( x1 & flung 8 twig-s&als into ! riv]4 ,) daybreak he slank home & /ole into 8 cradle1 n unobs]v$ by 8 "m1 :o reproa*$ him ) 8 de$s2 b he repli$ t he 0 resolv$ by 8 actions to procure admission = h] & himself to ! assembly ( ! gods4 ,9 ! morn+ ,apollo miss$ 8 k9e2 he set out 9 se>* ( !m1 & met ! old man1 :o in=m$ him ( 8 hav+ se5 a *ild driv+ c[s along4 ,he comes to ,pylos1 :]e he sees ! traces ( 8 cattle1 b is amaz$ at ! /range foot-pr9ts ( _! driv]4 ,he proce$s to ! fragrant cave ( ! nymphs1 & ,h]mes on see+ him ga!rs himself up "u ! clo!s1 afraid ( ! god4 ,apollo takes ! key1 op5s & se>*es ! ?ree closets :]e ! nymph kept h] clo!s1 ornam5ts & food1 b to no purpose4 ,he !n ?reat5s ! *ild t he w fl+ him into ,t>t>us unless he tells him :]e ! c[s are2 b ,h]mes /\tly d5ies all k ( !m1 & ev5 v innoc5tly asks :at c[s are4 ,apollo pulls him out ( ! cradle & !y agree to g & argue ! matt] be=e ,zeus4 ,arriv$ 9 ,olympus1 ,apollo relates ! !ft1 & tells :at reasons he _h = suspect+ ! baby ( be+ ! ?ief4 ,all ?is is1 to ! great amusem5t ( ! ,cele/ials1 /\tly d5i$ & its absurdity %[n by ! little fell[1 :o /ill has 8 cradle clo!s ab\t him4 ,zeus1 h[ev]1 gives judgm5t aga9/ ,h]mes1 & ! two bro!rs are s5t 9 se>* ( ! miss+ k9e4 ,!y come to ,pylos1 & ,h]mes drives ! cattle out ( ! cave4 ,apollo misses two ( !m2 to 8 amazem5t he sees _! sk9s on a rock1 & is /ill m surpris$1 :51 on go+ to drive ! o!rs on1 he f9ds ! art ( ,h]mes _h root$ _! feet to ! gr\nd4 ,h]mes !n beg9s to play on 8 lyre1 ! tones ( :i* s ravi% ,apollo t he (f]s him ! c[s = x4 ,! "y god gives him ! lyre1 & receives ! cattle4 ,! div9e h]dsman also gives him 8 :ip1 & in/ructs him 9 ! managem5t ( ! h]ds4 ,,! ,,lotus-,,eat]s ,,& ,,! ,,cyclops4 ,odysseus :5 on 8 return f ,troy1 enc\nt]$ a viol5t nor?-ea/ w9d1 :i* drove him = n9e days1 until he rea*$ ! c\ntry ( ! ,lotus-eat]s4 ,he s5t ?ree ( 8 m5 to see :o ! inhabitants 74 ,^! m5 on com+ among ! ,lotus-eat]s 7 k9dly ent]ta9$ by !m1 & giv5 "s ( _! own food1 ! ,lotus plant1 to eat4 ,! effect ( ?is plant 0 su*1 t ^? :o ta/$ x lo/ all ?\ghts ( home & wi%$ to rema9 9 t c\ntry4 ,x 0 by ma9 =ce t ,odysseus dragg$ ^! m5 away1 & he 0 ev5 oblig$ to tie !m "u ! b5*es ( 8 %ip4 ,!n he sail$ to ! we/w>d & came to ! l& ( ! ,cyclops4 ,^! 7 a rude1 lawless p1 :o nei!r plant$ nor s[$1 b ^: l& 0 s f]tile z spontane\sly to produce = !m :eat1 b>ley & grapes4 ,!y dwelt 9 caves1 & ea* )\t reg>d to o!rs gov]n$ 8 wife & *ildr54 ,9 front ( "o ( _! h>bors lay a beautiful isl&1 well-/ock$ ) goats4 ,leav+ 8 fleet at ?is isl&1 ,odysseus w5t ) "o %ip to ! ma9l&4 ,"h he ent]$ ! cave ( a ,cyclops1 ,polyphemus by "n4 ,:5 ,polyphemus return$ 9 ! ev5+ ) 8 flocks & f\nd /rang]s !re1 he ask$ :o !y 74 ,odysseus said t !y _h be5 %ipwreck$1 & appeal$ to 8 m]cy & rev]5ce = ! gods4 ,polyphemus c>$ = nei!r & he seiz$ & kill$ & dev\r$ two "y ,greeks4 ,! door ( ! cave 0 clos$ ) an imm5se rock1 s t1 if !y kill$ ,polyphemus1 !y c\ld n h escap$1 = !y c\ld n move ! rock4 ,! next night1 ?\gh1 :5 ,polyphemus 0 9 a drunk5 sleep1 !y took 8 /aff1 :i* 0 z l>ge z a ma/1 heat$ x 9 ! fire1 & put out 8 "o eye4 ,:5 ! giant ro>$ out ) pa91 ! o!r ,cyclops came to see :at 0 ! matt]4 ,odysseus _h told him t 8 "n 0 ,nobody4 ,s :5 he call$ out t ,nobody 0 kill+ him1 !y ?\ght him dream+4 ,next morn+ :5 ,polyphemus turn$ out 8 %eep & goats1 :i* 7 ( great size1 ! ,greeks fa/5$ !mselves b5ea? _! bellies & s escap$4 ,aft] !y _h put out to sea a little way1 ,odysseus call$ out 8 true "n1 & ! angry ,cyclops hurl$ great /ones at him1 & ne>ly de/roy$ 8 %ip4 ,,h]cules' ,,twelve ,,tasks4 ,9 ob$i5ce to ! god ,zeus1 ,h]cules 0 made to s]ve ,eury/heus1 :o gave him twelve tasks to p]=m4 ,! fir/ task 0 to br+ ! sk9 ( an unconqu]able lion1 ! ,nemean4 ,h]cules *ok$ ! lion4 ,! second task 0 to de/roy ! n9e-head$ hydra1 or wat]-snake4 ,he cut (f ! heads1 b two sprang up :]e "o 0 cut (f4 ,!n 8 companion ) a tor* burn$ ! necks :]e ! heads 7 cut (f by ,h]cules ! second "t4 ,! ?ird task 0 to br+ ! gold5-horn$ h9d alive4 ,he w\nd$ & !n caught h]4 ,! f\r? task 0 to br+ an imm5se wild bo> alive4 ,! fif? task 0 to cleanse ! imm5se /ables ( ,k+ ,augeas 9 "o day4 ,?is he did by m9+ ! riv]s ,p5ios & ,alpheios4 ,! six? task 0 to drive away ! /ymphalid wat]-f[l4 ,a goddess gave him braz5 clapp]s1 ! beat+ ( :i* made ! birds rise f _! hid+-places1 :5 ,h]cules de/roy$ !m ) 8 arr[s4 ,! sev5? task 0 to fet* ! wild & furi\s ,cretan bull4 ,! eigh? task 0 to br+ ! ,c5taurs ( ,?race4 ,! ,c5taurs 7 horses ) ! heads & upp] half ( ! human body4 ,! n9? 0 to br+ ! girdle ( ! mighty que5 ( ! ,amazons4 ,! t5? 0 to br+ ! purple-head$ ox5 ( ! ,ruddy-isle4 ,! elev5? 0 to br+ ! apples ( ! ,hesp]ides4 ,aft] meet+ ) v>i\s adv5tures he rea*$ ! place :]e !y 71 & :ile he upheld ! heav5s ,atlas pluck$ ! apples1 :i* ,h]cules1 by a cute device1 secur$ f him4 ,! twelf? task 0 to br+ ,c]b]us f ! "u-_w4 ,all 8 tasks 7 accompli%$4 ,! :ole /ory ( ! h]o ,h]cules is int5sely int]e/+4 ,,! ,,phidian ,,jupit]4 ,zeus--! ,jupit] ( ! ,romans--! *ief1 0 ! e>lie/ ( ! national gods4 ,! great place ( 8 wor%ip 0 at ,olympia4 ,"h 0 ! magnific5t /atue ( ,jupit]1 made by ! fam\s ,phidias4 ,?is /atue 0 sixty-five feet high4 ,! frame-"w1 ( c$> & olive wood1 0 cov]$ ) ivory & gold4 ,8 ?rone 0 ( c$> wood1 inlaid ) ivory & preci\s-/ones4 ,9 8 "r h& he held a /atue ( victory1 & 9 8 left a sceptre surm\nt$ by ! eagle4 ,! foot/ool 0 support$ by sph9xes1 & ! ?rone 0 ( c$> wood1 inlaid ) ivory1 ! ebony p$e/al 0 cov]$ ) sculptur$ sc5es ( 8 life & adv5tures4 ,probably no idol ( anci5t or mod]n times exce$s ?is 9 its maje/ic1 massive beauty4 ,nei!r ivory nor gold 7 pl5tiful 9 ,greece1 yet s devot$ 7 ! p t !y provid$ ! imm5se quantity = ?is idol readily4 ,! gold plates 7 "o-eigh? ( an in* ?ick1 & 7 wor? !n ov] #fjj1jjj1 equal to an imm5se sum 9 our days4 ,at ,olympia1 z at ! ,i/hmus ( ,cor9?1 games 7 held at ! ye>ly religi\s fe/ivals4 ,f ^! games ! apo/le ,paul d]iv$ _m ( ! metaphors s frequ5t 9 8 writ+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,image ,,( ,,jupit]1 ,,made ,,by ,,! ,,celebrat$ ,,sculptor1 ,,phidias4 ,,grecian ,,temples ,,& ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,paul',s ,,day4 ,paul1 ! ,*ri/ian ,mission>y1 came into contact ) ! hea!nism ( bo? ,greece & ,rome4 ,9 ,a!ns1 ,cor9? & ,ephesus especially he 0 br\ght face to face ) idols & temples4 ,! /ory ( 8 visit to ^! places z told by ,luke 7,acts xvii41 xviii4 & xix471 & by ,paul 79 8 lett]s to ! ,cor9?ians & ,ephesians7 pres5ts a vivid picture ( ! condition ( ! ,greek religion 9 its late/ developm5t4 ,soon ! :ole sy/em 0 to lie 9 ru9s1 its temples 7 to be =sak51 its idols de/roy$1 its wor%ip =gott54 ,?is mighty *ange 0 to be produc$ by ! p[] ( ,god work+ ?r\gh "o weak man1 belong+ to :at 0 ev]y:]e reg>d$ z a n>r[-m9d$ race1 & )\t any back+ ( pomp1 or p[]1 or weal?4 ,,! ,,city ,,cr[d$ ,,) ,,idols4 ,z ,paul ent]$ ! gate-way ( ! ,piru at ,a!ns1 he 0 met imm$iately ) ! pro(s ( ! int5se devotion ( ! ,a!nians to _! wor%ip4 ,be=e him /ood ,m9]va's temple & ! image ( ,neptune1 h] rival1 seat$ on horseback1 hold+ 8 trid5t4 ,pass+ on he came1 aft] a little1 to ! temple ( ,c]es ) ! images sculptur$ by ! f>-fam$ ,praxiteles4 ,a little fur!r on 8 eyes mu/ h fell ^u ,bac*us's temple & ! images ( ,zeus1 ,m9]va1 ,apollo1 ,m]cury & ! ,muses4 ,all ar\nd him are temples1 /atues1 alt>s & %r9es1 & ! news-seek+ ,a!nians ga!r ab\t him4 ,e public place & build+ 0 acc\nt$ sacr$4 ,! m>ket-place 7! ,agora7 & ! ,acropolis 7 cr[d$ ) temples & alt>s to ! gods1 & ev5 to deifi$ virtues4 ,!re 7 alt>s to ,fame1 to ,mode/y1 to ,p]suasion & to ,pity4 ,&1 le/ !y %\ld by any *ance leave out any god or be+ :o might help or injure !m1 !y built an alt> to ,an ,unkn[n ,god4 ,) all _! wor%ip !y _h n f\nd ! true ,god4 ,! magnific5t ,p>!non--! ,virg9's ,h\se--0 ! glori\s temple erect$ to ,m9]va's honor4 ,)9 x 0 ! colossal /atue ( ivory & gold1 made by ! fam\s ,phidias1 rival$ only by ! same arti/'s /atue ( ,jupit]4 ,9 ! mid/ ( all ?is idolatry1 :at ?\ght 0 9 ! m9d ( ,paul8 8,8 _s 0 /irr$ )9 him :5 he saw ! city cr[d$ ) idols40 ,x 0 said 9 ^? days t x 0 easi] to f9d an idol 9 ,a!ns ?an a man4 ,! ,a!nians l$ ,paul away to ! ,areopagus4 ,"h ! judges sat 9 ! op5 air1 ^u seats hewn out ( ! rock4 ,a temple ( ,m>s cr[n$ ! height4 ,be=e ,paul's view ! :ole city ) its maze ( temples1 %r9es & /atues1 0 spread out4 ,! int5sely e>ne/ ,*ri/ian ,apo/le /ood be=e ! frivol\s hea!n cr[d4 ,he is alone1 yet n alone4 ,8 ,ma/] is ) him4 ,he quails n1 he m9ces no matt]s1 he speaks boldly1 fe>lessly4 ,he recognizes _! int5se religi\sness 7if we may s call x74 ,he decl>es ! tru? t ! ,deity does n dwell 9 temples made ) h&s1 ev5 ) ! hundr$s ( temples be=e him4 ,) ! recollection ( ,phidias's fam\s /atues fre% 9 m9d & ! c\ntless idols be=e 8 view he decl>es t ! ,deity is n to be lik5$ to =ms 9 gold1 silv] or /one1 grav5 by art & man's device4 ,! city is1 app>5tly1 sc>cely mov$1 b ! leav5 has be5 put 91 & soon ! :ole lump w be leav5$4 ,a few ye>s pass by & ! wor%ip ( ,a!ns is only a remembrance4 ,close by ,a!ns 0 "o city :i* ,paul visit$ & :]e he f\nd$ "o ( ! /ronge/ ,*ri/ian *ur*es4 ,?is city 0 held 9 bad repute 9 all ! _w on acc\nt ( its lic5ti\sness4 ,x 0 n only ! seat ( weal? & spl5dor1 b also a d5 ( vice4 8,to ,cor9?ianize0 meant to play ! wanton4 ,! wor%ip 9 ! temple ( ,v5us 0 ( ! mo/ %ameful "*4 ,to ! nor?-ea/ ( ,cor9? 0 ! temple ( ,neptune1 :]e ! celebrat$ ,i/hmian games 7 celebrat$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bird',s-,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,diana ,,at ,,ephesus4 ,,diana ,,( ,,! ,,ephesians4 ,ephesus 0 ! c5tral city ( ,asia ,m9or4 ,"o ( its build+s rank$ 9 importance above all o!rs--! ,temple ( ,diana4 ,?is 0 reckon$ z "o ( ! wond]s ( ! _w1 & ! ,ephesians 7 wont to speak ( ,diana z ! goddess :om all ! _w wor%ip$4 ,! temple _h be5 once de/roy$1 & !n rebuilt ) great magnific5ce4 ,! ladies ( ,ephesus1 at its rebuild+1 _h giv5 _! jewelry4 ,alex&] (f]$ imm5se ri*es to ! ,ephesians1 if !y w\ld b p]mit him to h 8 "n inscrib$ on its walls2 b !y w\ld n cons5t4 ,?is 0 ! rally+-po9t ( hea!nism 9 ,paul's day4 ,! temple 0 #dbe feet long1 #bbj broad1 & its columns 7 #fj feet high4 ,!re 7 #abg columns1 ea* ! gift ( a k+4 ,only a "p ( x 0 ro($ ov]1 & ?is 0 ) c$>4 ,! rema9+ p>ts 7 ri* ) /atu>y & columns4 8,x is probable t !re 0 no build+ 9 ! _w 9 :i* 0 conc5trat$ a great] am\nt ( admiration1 en?usiasm & sup]/ition40 ,illu/ration3 ,,m$al ,,( ,,diana4 ,! fir/ /atue ( ,diana ( ,ephesus 0 a %apeless black /one--an a]olite--:i* _h fall5 f ! sky4 ,aft]w>ds h] images 7 made ( wood4 ,%e is cov]$ ) brea/s & ) ! heads ( animals4 ,%e is suppos$ to repres5t ! natural f]tility ( ! e>?4 ,diana 0 n wor%ip$ 9 ! temple only4 ,numb]less little %r9es1 conta9+ models ( ,diana 9 silv] or gold1 or ev5 wood1 7 made to be c>ri$ ab\t "o's p]son1 to be set up on h\sehold alt>s or c>ri$ 9 processions4 ,!re 0 c>ri$ on at ,ephesus an ext5sive trade 9 ^!4 ,! wor%ip ( ,diana1 9 all its p>ts & 9 all places1 0 conduct$ ) great magnific5ce4 ,! ,greek language & lit]ature & _! temples & /atues1 h be5 = c5turies ! models ( ! _w2 b _! conceptions ( ! gods & _! my?s are no m ?\ght (1 & no long] reg>d$ z ( au?ority 9 religi\s affairs4 ,!y are emphatically dead z p[]s ov] ! morals ( m54 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,rome4 8,)9 ?is grove1 ^u ?is wood$ hill10 ,he said1 8"s deity 8 dwell+ made2 ,b :o or :at1 none kn[s4 ,! ,arcadians ,?9k !y h se5 great ,jove himself1 :5 (t ,) 8 "r h& he %ook 8 d>k5+ %ield1 ,& call$ 8 cl\ds ar\nd him4 ,,virgil4 ,:5 fi]ce gales b[$ ! high p9es1 :5 blaz$ ,! lightn+1 & ! savage 9 ! /orm ,"s unkn[n godhead he>d1 &1 awe-/ruck1 gaz$ ,on ,jove's imag9$ =m4 ,,so!by4 ,long be=e ,rome 0 f\nd$ ,italy 0 peopl$ ) an indu/ri\s class ( f>m]s4 ,b we h sc>ce any records ( ^? e>ly times4 ,"s ( _! gigantic build+s1 lakes & canals rema91 b ^! are almo/ all t is left4 ,! religi\s ideas ( ^! e>ly settl]s ent]$ into &1 to a great ext5t1 m\ld$ ! religion ( ! ,romans4 ,! p ( ,italy did n h ! same vivid imag9ations & lively fancies z ! p ( ,greece4 ,_! e>ly wor%ip seems to h be5 ( a m s]i\s "* ?an t ( ! ,greeks4 ,_! gods 7 fre] f moral ta9t1 & virtue r ?an vice 0 requir$ 9 foll[]s ( ! ,roman religions4 ,! poetic art 0 little cultivat$ among !m1 or = t matt]1 9 ,rome ( a lat] day4 ,b ,rome soon began to borr[ f ,greece1 & to appropriate h] gods1 h]oes & my?s4 ,!re are no ,italian my?s correspond+ to ^? ( ,greece4 ,9 ,virgil & ,ovid a few adv5tures ( ! ,italian gods are relat$1 b ^! are pla9ly imitations or slight modifications ( ! ,greek /ories4 ,,! ,,etruscan ,,religion4 ,be=e !y became acqua9t$ ) ,greece1 ! ,romans look$ to ! ,etruscans z _! in/ructors 9 religi\s ?+s4 ,! disposition ( ! ,etruscans 0 melan*oly & s]i\s2 _! =m ( gov]nm5t a rigid ari/ocracy1 adm9i/]$ by an h]$it>y race or ca/e ( prie/ly nobility4 ,_! sy/em 0 f\nd$ on "s peculi> views ( ! _w & its p]iods1 & on ! art ( le>n+ ! w ( ! sup]nal p[]s by ! ?und]1 ! lightn+1 & o!r a]ial ph5om5a4 ,! rules & pr9ciples ( ?is sci5ce 7 conta9$ 9 books ascrib$ to a subt]ranean dmon nam$ ,tages1 :o1 ! ,tuscan leg5d said1 _h ris5 up1 a babe 9 =m1 an ag$ man 9 wisdom1 f "u ! soil be=e ! pl[ ( a peasant ( ,t>qu9ii z he 0 at 8 "w1 & :o in/ruct$ ! p 9 div9ation4 ,accord+ to ! doctr9e ( ! ,etruscans !re 7 two ord]s ( gods1 ! "o sup]ior1 veil$ & nameless1 ) :om ! supreme god took c\nsel :5 ab\t to ann\nce by lightn+ any *ange 9 ! pres5t ord] ( ?+s4 ,! o!r consi/$ ( twelve gods1 six male & z _m females1 8 ord9>y c\ncil4 ,^! 7 call$ by ! common "n ( ,cons5tes or ,complices 7! ,lat9 ( ! ,etruscan ^w71 accord+ to ,v>ro1 because !y are born & die toge!r4 ,! g5]al ,etruscan ^w = a god 0 s>4 ,! supreme god ( ! ,tuscans1 answ]+ to ! ,zeus ( ! ,greeks1 ! ,jupit] ( ! ,romans1 0 nam$ ,t9a4 ,a goddess nam$ ,kupra 0 call$ by ! ,romans ,juno2 & ano!r1 nam$ ,m5]fa or ,m5rfa1 0 ! orig9al ( ! ,m9]va ( ,rome4 ,^! ?ree deities _h always contigu\s temples on ! citadel ( e ,etruscan city4 ,h5ce ! unit$ temples ( ,jupit]1 ,juno & ,m9]va1 :i* cr[n$ ! capitol at ,rome4 ,a goddess nam$ ,nortia1 answ]+ to ! ,roman ,=tuna1 0 wor%ip$ at ! ,tuscan cities ( ,sutri & ,vols9ii4 ,v]tumnus also 0 "o ( ! pr9cipal deities ( ,etruria4 ,! ,tuscan god ( ! "u-_w1 or r ! rul] ( ! dead1 x is said1 0 nam$ ,mantus1 & !re 0 a goddess call$ ,mama ( a simil> nature4 ,! ,l>es1 or h\sehold gods1 :i* =m s conspicu\s a feature ( ! ,roman religion1 x is probable1 belong$ orig9ally to ! ,etruscan sy/em ( wor%ip4 ,,! ,,sabellian ,,religion4 ,! rigid virtues ( a portion ( ! ,sabellian race1 p>ticul>ly ! ,sab9es1 7 always ! !me ( praise at ,rome4 ,graz+ & agriculture 7 ! *ief employm5ts ( ^! h>dy tribes1 & _! religion 0 intimately connect$ ) ^! arts2 & consequ5tly1 we may suppose1 bore mu* resemblance to t ( ! ,lat9s4 ,x has always be5 ass]t$ t a great portion ( ! ,roman religion 0 ( ,sab9e orig94 ,! ,sab9es ador$ ,sancus & ,sabus or ,sab9us1 z ! f\nd]s ( _! nation4 ,mam]s or ,m>s 0 also "o ( _! deities2 an erect lance 0 ! symbol be=e :i* he 0 wor%ip$4 ,! ,m>sian portion ( ?is race 7 z celebrat$ = _! skill 9 detect+ ! w ( ! gods by ! flight & voice ( ! birds1 z ! ,etruscans = disc]n+ x 9 ! electric ph5om5a ( ! sky4 ,,! ,,gods ,,( ,,! ,,romans4 ,!re are v _m gods 9 ! ,roman my?ology1 ( ^! "s tw5ty h be5 call$ ! select gods4 ,^! are ,janus1 ! two-fac$ sun-god2 ,jupit] 7,diovis-pat] or ,fa!r-,jove72 ,saturnus1 ! god ( agriculture2 ,g5ius1 or ! god ( production2 ,m]curius1 ! god :o presid$ ov] ! bus9ess ( ! m>ket & ov] trade 9 g5]al4 ,apollo 0 a god introduc$ f ! ,greek my?ology4 ,m>s 0 ! god ( w>4 ,vulcan 0 ! god ( fire4 ,neptune 0 ! god ( ! sea4 ,sol & ,luna 7 ! sun & moon god & goddess4 ,orcas 0 ! god ( dea?1 l ! ,hades ( ! ,greeks1 or ,yama ( ! ,h9dus4 ,fa!r ,lib] 0 ! god ( ! h>ve/4 ,tellus 0 ! god ( ! e>?4 ,c]es 0 ! goddess ( gra94 ,juno 0 ! wife ( ,jupit]4 ,diana 0 ! moon-goddess4 ,m9]va 0 ! goddess ( arts4 ,ve/a 0 ! goddess ( ! h\sehold4 ,v5us 0 ! goddess ( bir?4 ,,fa!r ,,jove4 ,! ^w ,jove appe>s to h meant1 orig9ally1 ,god4 ,x corresponds to ,zeus ( ! ,greeks & ,dyaus ( ! ,h9dus4 ,jove or ,jupit] 0 ! especial protector ( ! city ( ,rome4 ,! *ief ,jupit] 0 call$ ! ,capitol9e ,jupit]4 ,9 8 temple adorn+ ! ,capitol 9 ,rome 7 also /atues ( ,juno & ,m9]va4 ,jupit] ,elicius 0 s nam$1 we are told1 f ! foll[+ circum/ance4 ,9 ! "t ( ,numa !re occurr$ great ?und]/orms & ra9s4 ,! p & _! k+ 7 t]rifi$1 & ! latt] _h rec\rse to ! c\nsel ( ! nymph ,eg]ia4 ,%e in=m$ him t ,faunus & ,picus c\ld in/ruct him 9 ! mode ( appeas+ ,jupit]1 b t he mu/ employ bo? art & viol5ce to extract ! k f !m4 ,accord+ly by h] advice he plac$ b[ls ( w9e at a f\nta9 on ,m\nt ,av5t9e1 :i!r !y 7 wont to come to dr9k1 & conceal$ himself 9 a neighbor+ cav]n4 ,! rural gods came to ! f\nt1 & f9d+ ! w9e drank copi\sly ( x1 ?us illu/rat+ 9 a /rik+ mann] ! s5su\s1 "* always suppos$ to dwell 9 ^! deities4 ,!y imm$iately fell asleep1 & ,numa1 quitt+ 8 retreat1 came & b\nd !m4 ,on awak+1 !y /ruggl$1 b 9 va91 to get free2 & ! pi\s pr9ce1 apologiz+ = :at necessity _h oblig$ him to d1 entreat$ t !y w\ld in=m him h[ ,jupit] 0 to be appeas$4 ,!y yield$ to 8 pray]1 & on loos+ !m drew d[n ! ?und]+ ,jupit] by _! *>ms4 ,he desc5d$ on ! ,av5t9e hill1 :i* trembl$ b5ea? ! weight ( ! deity4 ,numa 0 t]rifi$1 b recov]+ he implor$ ! god to give a rem$y aga9/ ! lightn+4 ,! rul] ( ! ?und] ass5t$1 & 9 ambigu\s t]ms convey$ ! relief3 8,cut a head10--8( an onion f my g>d50 subjo9$ ! k+1--8( a man10--8! topmo/ hairs0 quickly repli$ ,numa4--8,i dem& a life10--8( a fi%40 ,! deity smil$1 & said t 8 weapons might ?us be av]t$1 & promis$ a sign at sunrise ! foll[+ morn+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,jupit] ,,tonans4 ,at dawn ! p assembl$ be=e ! doors ( ! k+4 ,numa came =?1 &1 seat$ on 8 maple ?rone1 look$ = ! ris+ ( ! sun4 ,! orb ( day 0 j :olly em]g$ above ! horizon1 :5 a l\d cra% 0 he>d 9 ! sky2 ?rice ! god ?und]$ )\t a cl\d2 ?rice he s5t =? 8 lightn+s4 ,! heav5s op5$1 & a light buckl] came g5tly waft$ on ! air1 & fell to ! gr\nd4 ,numa1 hav+ fir/ sla9 a heif]1 took x up & nam$ x ,ancile4 ,he reg>d$ x z ! pl$ge ( empire2 & hav+ _h elev5 o!rs made exactly l x by ! arti/ ,mamurius1 to deceive ^? :o might attempt to /eal x1 committ$ !m to ! c>e ( ! prie/s nam$ ,salii4 ,jupit] 0 nam$ ,f]etrius or ,be>]1 z ! spoils ( ! enemy's g5]al1 if sla9 by a ,roman comm&]1 7 borne to him4 ,he 0 also call$ ,victor & ,/ator1 z ! giv] ( victory & /ay] ( flight4 ,we also meet ) ,jupit] ,pi/or1 ^: alt> 0 on ! capitol1 & ,jupit] ,tonans1 ! au?or ( ?und]4 ,9 ! usual ,roman mann]1 an hi/orical orig9 0 giv5 to all ^! names4 ,jupit] 0 call$ ,lucetius1 z ! au?or ( light 7lucis71 & ,diespit]1 i4e41 ,dies ,pat]1 or ,fa!r ( ,day or ( ,light4 ,,! ,,matron ,,goddess4 ,juno 0 ! fem99e ( ,jove--f ,jov9o we h ! ^w ,juno4 ,juno 0 "o ( ! great deities ( ,rome & _h a %>e 9 ! wor%ip ( ! magnific5t temple on ! capitol4 ,"o ,juno 0 call$ ,juno ,moneta1 & h] temple 0 f9ally made ! m9t1 or co9+ place = money4 ,female slaves swore by ! ,juno ( _! mi/ress4 ,z ! patroness ( m>ri$ wom51 ,juno 0 nam$ ,matrona4 ,%e presid$ ov] m>riage4 ,:5ev] a *ild 0 born a piece ( money 0 deposit$ 9 h] temple's treasury4 ,9 ,july ( ea* ye> ,juno 0 honor$ by a sacrifice4 ,juno ,sospita1 ! ,protectress1 0 repres5t$ ) a goat-sk9 ab\t h]1 a spe> 9 h] h&1 & a small %ield on h] arm4 ,juno 0 g5]ally repres5t$ arm$1 & ! ,romans usually divid$ ! hair ( a virg9-bride ) a small spe>-po9t1 ?us invok+ ! protection ( ?is goddess4 ,,! ,,goddess ,,( ,,s*ools4 ,all m5tal "w 0 done "u ! direction ( ,m9]va4 ,h] /atues 7 plac$ 9 ! s*ools1 & 9 ,m>* ( ea* ye> ! s*ool-boys _h five days z holidays 9 h] honor4 ,at ! end ( ?is vacation & fe/ival ! boys gave _! s*ool-ma/] a pres5t call$ a ,m9]val4 ,m9]va's *apel 0 "u ! same ro( z ,jupit]'s & ,juno's on ! ,capitol9e hill at ,rome4 ,,! ,,goddess ,,( ,,! ,,he>?4 ,ve/a presid$ ov] ! public & private he>?4 ,9 ,ve/a's temple at ,rome a sacr$ fire 0 kept burn+ by six virg9-prie/esses call$ ,ve/als4 ,! ,romans believ$ t if !y let ?is fire g out1 ! city's safety w\ld be de/roy$4 ,:51 ?r\gh ! neglect ( ! ,ve/als1 x did g out1 !y 7 sev]ely puni%$ & ! fire 0 relight$ by ! rays ( ! sun4 ,9 ,ve/a's temple !re 0 no /atue ( ! goddess4 ,at h] fe/ival 9 ,june1 plates ( meat 7 s5t to ! ,ve/als to be (f]$ up1 ! mill-/ones 7 deck$ ) fl[]s & ! animals work+ ! mills w5t ab\t cr[n$ ) violets & ) cakes /rung ab\t _! necks4 ,,c]es ,,& ,,lib]4 ,c]es presid$ ov] se$s & h>ve/s4 ,%e 0 ! goddess ( ! f>m]s4 ,! c\ntry-folks be=e beg9n+ h>ve/ kept fea/s to ,c]es1 :5 !y br\ght (f]+s ( honey-combs cov]$ ) w9e & milk1 & an animal to be sla9 9 sacrifice4 ,! (f]+s 7 tak5 ?ree times ar\nd ! corn-field1 ! c\ntry p foll[+1 cr[n$ ) oak leaves & danc+ & s++4 ,^! fe/ivals 7 ( ! mo/ joy\s "*4 ,lib] means ,deliv]]4 ,! god :o _h ?is "n 0 unit$ ) ,c]es 9 wor%ip at ,rome4 ,! ,romans wor%ip$ _! gods & goddesses g5]ally 9 gr\ps ( ?ree2 ?us1 ,jupit]1 ,juno & ,m9]va 9 ! ,capitol9e temple2 & ,c]es1 ,lib] & 7! female7 ,lib]a 9 ! temple at ! foot ( ! ,av5t9e4 ,9 ! ,capitol9e temple ! patricians or high] classes wor%ip$4 ,9 ! ,av5t9e temple ! plebians or common p wor%ipp$4 ,!re 0 mu* gross vil5ess connect$ ) all ! fe/ivals ( ,lib]4 ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,beg9n+s4 ,janus gives 8 "n to ,janu>y1 ! fir/ mon? ( ! ye>4 ,he 0 ! sun-god1 & 0 usually wor%ip$ at ! beg9n+ ( any action4 ,he 0 reg>d$ z ! 8op5] ( ! day40 ,gates & doors 7 plac$ "u ! c>e ( ,janus1 & _! keep] is ev5 to-day call$ a janitor4 ,janus 0 repres5t$ ) a key & a /aff1 & 0 nam$ ! ,op5] & ! ,%utt]4 ,janus has two faces4 ,an anci5t /atue ( ,janus /ood 9 ! ,=um at ,rome ( :i* ! f+]s 7 s =m$ t "o h& repres5t$ ?ree hundr$ 9 ,lat9 *>act]s 7,,ccc471 & ^? ( ! o!r1 fifty-five 7,,lv471 mak+ toge!r ! numb] ( days 9 ! anci5t lun> ye>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,janus ,"u ! ,capitol1 ne> to ! ,=um1 9 ,rome1 /ood a %ort ar*-way ) a gate at ea* end4 ,9 times ( peace ^! gates 7 kept %ut1 9 times ( w> !y 7 left op54 ,9 ?is ar*-way a /atue ( ,janus /ood4 ,!re 0 a tradition at ,rome t once1 :5 ! enemies ( ,rome _h attempt$ to ent] ! city by ?is gate1 ! god ,janus _h caus$ a /ream ( boil+ wat] to gu% =? f ! e>?1 & s drove !m away4 ,,rome',s ,,less] ,,gods4 ,besides ! gods above ref]r$ to1 !re 7 gods & goddesses ( c\ncils ( w>1 ( fun]als1 ( ?ieves ( ! dawn1 ( =tune1 ( fields & cattle1 ( fruits & fl[]s1 & ( a ho/ ( o!r ?+s4 ,b ( all m9or gods1 ! ,p5ates & ,l>es receiv$ mo/ honor4 ,^! 7 ! dome/ic gods4 ,! ,p5ates 7 s nam$ f ! place 9 :i* !y 7 wor%ip$1 ! h\sehold pantry4 ,!y 7 suppos$ to look aft] ! welf>e ( ! family4 ,!re 7 f\r classes ( be+s f :i* m5 select$ _! ,p5ates1 ^? ( heav51 ! sea1 ! "u-_w1 & la/ly1 f ! deifi$ s\ls ( deceas$ ance/ors4 ,! deifi$ spirits ( dep>t$ ance/ors 7 call$ ! ,l>es1 & !y 7 suppos$ to wat* ov] ! =tunes ( _! desc5dants4 ,! ,*9ese also1 f ! e>lie/ times1 h 9 a simil> mann] wor%ip$ _! dep>t$ ance/ors4 ,,! ,,roman ,,empire4 ,z ,rome conqu]$ ! _w ! gods ( ! conqu]$ nations 7 gradually incorporat$ ) _! own4 ,?us an imm5se & involv$ sy/em 0 br\ght toge!r4 ,soon1 h[ev]1 ! gigantic /ructure 0 to topple ov] be=e ! com+ ( ,*ri/ianity1 z ,dagon _h fall5 be=e ! com+ ( ! ark ( ,jehovah 9 anci5t times4 ,j at ?is "t1 ! ,roman ,empire 0 9 ! mo/ favorable condition = ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,)9 its limits !re 0 a g5]al peace1 great milit>y roads 7 built1 piracy 0 suppress$1 comm]ce & traffic g5]ally increas$1 & travel 0 made safe & easy4 ,bo? ! ,lat9 & ,greek languages 7 spread ov] ea/ & we/4 ,b "o o!r po9t ( prep>ation 0 ( great] importance4 ,! deep & wide-spread corruption1 br\ght ab\t by ! hea!n religions1 seem$ to be beyond human rem$y4 ,corruption1 cruelty1 s5suality & ! mo/1 unnatural wick$ness prevail$4 ,! description ,paul gives 9 8 lett] to ! ,romans ( ! g5]al life ( ! p has be5 confirm$ aga9 & aga94 ,he says3 8,because t1 :5 !y knew ,god1 !y glorifi$ him n z ,god1 nei!r 7 ?ankful2 b became va9 9 _! imag9ations1 & _! fooli% he>t 0 d>k5$4 ,pr(ess+ !mselves to be wise1 !y became fools1 & *ang$ ! glory ( ! uncorruptible ,god into an image1 made l to corruptible man1 & to birds1 & f\r-foot$ bea/s1 & creep+ ?+s4 ,:]e=e ,god also gave !m up to uncleanness1 ?r\gh ! lu/s ( _! own he>ts1 to di%onor _! own bodies betwe5 !mselves3 :o *ang$ ! tru? ( ,god into a lie1 & wor%ip$ & s]v$ ! creature m ?an ! ,creator1 :o is bless$ = ev]4 ,am54 ,= ?is cause ,god gave !m up unto vile affections3 = ev5 _! wom5 did *ange ! natural use into t :i* is aga9/ nature3 & likewise also ! m51 leav+ ! natural use ( ! woman1 burn$ 9 _! lu/ "o t[>d ano!r3 m5 ) m5 work+ t :i* is unseemly1 & receiv+ 9 !mselves t recomp5se ( _! error :i* 0 meet4 ,& ev5 z !y did n l to reta9 ,god 9 _! k1 ,god gave !m ov] to a reprobate m9d1 to d ^? ?+s :i* are n conv5i5t2 be+ fill$ ) all unrighte\sness1 =nication1 wick$ness1 covet\sness1 malici\sness2 full ( envy1 murd]1 debate1 deceit1 malignity2 :isp]]s1 backbit]s1 hat]s ( ,god1 despiteful1 pr\d1 boa/]s1 inv5tors ( evil ?+s1 disob$i5t to p>5ts1 )\t und]/&+1 cov5ant-break]s1 )\t natural affection1 implacable1 unm]ciful3 :o1 kn[+ ! judgm5t ( ,god1 t !y :i* commit su* ?+s are wor?y ( dea?1 n only d ! same1 b h pleasure 9 !m t d !m40 ,! inve/igations ( ! ru9s ( ,pompeii & ,h]culaneum1 ! long buri$ cities1 & ! common acc\nts ( hi/orians ( ,paul's day1 all %[ t ?is picture 0 n at all ov]drawn4 ,!re 0 a mo/ t]rible ne$ ( ,*ri/ianity j !n to save ! empire f fall+ to pieces by reason ( its rott5ness4 ,milman mo/ graphically pictures ! *ange t ,*ri/ianity gradually wr\ght 9 ! religi\s condition ( ,rome4 ,he says3 8,*ri/ianity 0 gradually )draw+ "s ( all ord]s1 ev5 slaves1 out ( ! vices1 ! ignorance1 ! mis]y ( t corrupt$ social sy/em4 ,x 0 ev5 in/ill+ feel+s ( humanity1 yet unkn[n or coldly comm5d$ by an impot5t philosophy1 among m5 & wom5 ^: infant e>s _h be5 habituat$ to ! %rieks ( dy+ gladiators2 x 0 giv+ dignity to m9ds pro/rat$ by ye>s1 almo/ c5turies1 ( degrad+ despotism2 x 0 nurtur+ purity & mode/y ( mann] 9 an unspeakable /ate ( depravation2 x 0 en%r9+ ! m>riage-b$ 9 a sanctity long almo/ entirely lo/1 & rek9dl+ to a /eady w>m? ! dome/ic affections2 x 0 sub/itut+ a simple1 calm & rational fai? = ! worn-out sup]/itions ( hea!nism2 g5tly e/abli%+ 9 ! s\l ( man ! s5se ( immortality1 till x became a natural & inext+ui%able "p ( 8 moral be+40 ,) ?is /rik+ description ( ! hi/orian1 comp>e ! poetic l9es ( ,mat!w ,arnold3 8,on t h>d pagan _w disgu/ ,& sat$ loa?+ fell2 ,deep we>9ess & sat$ lu/ ,make human life a hell4 ,9 8 cool hall ) hagg>d eyes ,! ,roman noble lay1 ,he drove abroad 9 furi\s guise ,along ! ,appian way4 ,he made a fea/1 drank fi]ce & fa/1 ,& cr[n$ 8 hair ) fl[]s2 ,no easi]1 nor no quick] pass$ ,! impracticable h\rs40 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,our ,,ance/ors4 ,to ! ,aryan ( ! ,we/ n m]ely ! heav5ly bodies1 ! sun1 moon & />s1 or ! e>? ) its trees & spr+s1 its f\nta9s1 or ! sea ) its /orms & calms1 b all ?+s visible1 z organs & in/rum5ts ( ,deity1 7 des]v+ ( rev]5t adoration4 ,no?+ 0 too trifl+4 ,! quiv]+ leaf1 ! crackl+ flame1 ! fall+ ?und]bolt1 ! flight or song ( birds1 ! neigh+ ( horses1 man's dreams & visions1 ev5 ! movem5ts ( 8 pulse1 all claim$ att5tion1 all might give "s sign f ! o!r _w4 ,all nature _h a voice = ! imag9ative ,teuton4 ,! skies1 ! woods1 ! spr+s1 ! well1 ! lake1 ! hill1 7 8 books1 8 oracles1 8 div9ities4--,g4 ,f4 ,,macle>4 ,x s\nds /range to u1 :o h be5 s long a ,*ri/ian p1 to speak ( a pagan ance/ry4 ,we c h>dly realize t ! condition 9 :i* we f9d ! ,japanese1 or ,*9aman1 or ,h9du ( to-day1 is ! condition 9 :i* our =efa!rs 7 to be f\nd n _m c5turies ago4 ,yet all traces ( _! hea!ni% belief & practices are n yet ext9ct4 ,9 our language1 especially 9 _m ( our names1 d we pres]ve ! relics ( ! hea!ni% life ( our =efa!rs4 ,x is n easy to le>n ( ! e>lie/ religion ( ,brita91 z ! records are /ill greatly becl\d$4 ,b rec5t inve/igations ( ! m\nds & relics ( old ,engl& & ( ! orig9 ( ,engli% names1 toge!r ) ! br++ to light ( "s valuable old records1 h help$ greatly to cle> up ! subject4 ,be=e pass+ to consid] m p>ticul>ly ! anci5t religi\s life ( ,great ,brita91 let u fa/5 9 our m9ds a few prom95t facts 9 ! e>ly hi/ory ( t l&4 ,,anci5t ,,brita94 ,let u note sev]al prom95t p>ts 9 ! e>ly hi/ory ( ,brita94 ,fir/1 ! e>lie/ inhabitants & _! religion1 kn[n z ,druidism4 ,secondly1 ! invasion ( ,brita9 by ! ,romans & ! introduction ( ! invad]s' religion4 ,?irdly1 ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,f\r?ly1 ! com+ ( ! ,saxons & ! ext+ui%+ ( ,*ri/ianity by ! ,saxon religion4 ,fif?ly1 ! com+ aga9 & f9al victory ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,by fix+ ^! po9ts 9 m9d1 we c )\t difficulty trace ! religi\s hi/ory ( our ance/ors4 ,9 e>ly times we f9d t ! ,greeks _h int]c\rse ) ,brita94 ,! "t :5 ?is trade 0 c>ri$ on is fix$ by diff]5t au?ors at p]iods v>y+ f #ejj ,b4,c4 to #bjj ,b4,c4 ,be=e ev5 ! fir/ ( ^! times1 by "s hundr$s ( ye>s1 ! ,phnicians ( ,tyre visit$ ,brita9 to pur*ase t94 ,^! allusions to visits ( ,greeks & ,phnicians are f\nd 9 anci5t ,wel% traditions h&$ d[n by ! ,druids4 ,inde$1 "s ( ^! traditions g back to a p]iod %ortly aft] ! disp]sion ( ! nations1 ev5 beyond ,abraham's day4 ,o!r traditions are f\nd :i* relate ev5 to ! deluge itself1 z foll[s3 8,!re 7 ?ree awful ev5ts 9 ! ,isle ( ,brita94 ,! fir/ 0 ! bur/+ ( ! ,lake ( ,floods1 & ! ru%+ ( an inundation ov] all ! l&s1 until all p]sons 7 de/roy$1 except ,dwyvan & ,dwyvack1 :o escap$ 9 an op5 vessel & f !m ! ,isle ( ,brita9 0 re-peopl$4 8,! ?ree prim>y & extraord9>y works ( ! ,isle ( ,brita93 ,! %ip ( ,nwydd nav ,neivion1 :i* br\ght 9 x a male & female ( all liv+ ?+s1 :5 ! ,lake ( ,floods bur/ =?2 ! l>ge horn$ ox5 ( ,au ! ,mighty1 t drew ! crocodile f ! lake ( ! l&1 s t ! lake did n bur/ =? any m2 & ! /one ( ,gwyddon ,ganh$on1 ^u :i* all ! arts & sci5ces ( ! _w are engrav540 ,all ?is be>s su* /rik+ simil>ity to ! traditions pres]v$ among ! mo/ anci5t nations 9 ! ea/]n "p ( ! _w1 t we _c conceive ! possibility ( its hav+ be5 inv5t$ 9 any p]iod ( ! d>k ages2 x !re=e /r5g!ns our confid5ce 9 ! g5]al tea*+ ( ! ,triads4 ,9 e>ly ,brita9 !re 7 only two classes ( ,briti% citiz5s1 8! nobles & ! villa9s10 7i4 e41 villag]s74 ,all bel[ ^! 7 slaves4 ,! p possess$ a consid]able k ( a/ronomy1 ( geometry & ( me*anics4 ,!y 7 an eloqu5t p2 an anci5t hi/orian says t _! orators 8sometimes /ep betwe5 two ho/ile armies1 :o are /&+ ) swords drawn1 & spe>s ext5d$1 ready to fight2 &1 by _! eloqu5ce1 z by an irresi/ible en*antm5t1 !y prev5t a %$d+ ( blood40 ,! ,britons 7 also acqua9t$ ) ! useful arts4 ,! h\ses 9 :i* !y dwelt1 _! *>iots ( w>1 z well z a great v>iety ( o!r works1 prove ?is beyond ! possibility ( d\bt4 ,we notice ! *>iots3 8,_! c>s 7 admir$ by ! ,romans1 adopt$ by individuals = _! j\rneys1 & introduc$ by ! public into _! races4 ,& we h a picture ( "o ( !m1 sket*$ by a ,briti% h&1 & engrav5 on a co94 ,!re we see ! *>iote] m\nt$ on 8 c>riage be=e u1 a quiv] ( arr[s peep+ ov] 8 left %\ld]1 & a spe> prot5d$ f 8 left h&1 8 feet re/+ ^u ! pole or foot-bo>d annex$ to x1 & 8 body lean+ ov] ! horses1 9 ! act ( accel]at+ _! motion4 ,& we h ! description ( ano!r 9 ,ossian1 v simil> 9 "o or two p>ticul>s1 & m circum/antial4 ,x is ! c> ( a ,briti% mon>*1 b5d+ beh9d1 drawn by a pair ( horses1 & emboss$ ) sp>kl+ /ones4 ,its beam is ( poli%$ yew1 its seat ( ! smoo!/ bone1 & ! sides ( x are repl5i%$ ) spe>s4 ,p]sons :o c\ld con/ruct su* vehicles1 build h\ses & make furniture1 z well z all ! v>i\s (f5sive & def5sive weapons ( w>1 mu/ h _h no inconsid]able me*anical k & skill40 ,,! ,,druids4 ,,wond]ful ,,resemblance4 ,we h reason to believe t ! ,britons inhabit$ ,engl& n long aft] ! days ( ,noah4 ,we might !re=e expect to f9d resemblances betwe5 _! religion & ! religions ( o!r anci5t peoples2 & we are n disappo9t$4 ,!re is a /rik+ correspond5ce betwe5 ! sy/em ( ! anci5t ,britons & ^? ( ! ,hebrew patri>*s1 ! ,brahm9s ( ,india1 ! ,magi ( ,p]sia & ! ,greek prie/s4 ,x 0 "o sy/em t 0 f9ally convey$ to ^! diff]5t p>ts ( ! globe4 ,take1 z a s+le in/ance ( ! _m po9ts ( comp>ison1 _! idea ( ,god4 ,among _! names = ! supreme ,god :i* !y _h 9 use be=e ! introduction ( ,*ri/ianity 7 t]ms :i* h be5 lit]ally translat$1 8,god10 8,di/ributor10 8,gov]nor10 8! ,my/]i\s ,"o10 8! ,et]nal10 8,he t p]vade? all ?+s10 8! ,au?or ( ,exi/5ce10 8! ,anci5t ( ,days40 ,^! expressive appellations suffici5tly indicate _! views ( ! moral "* & attributes ( ,god4 ,! op9ion ( ! ,druids z to ! nature ( ,god is compreh5sively expla9$ by ! foll[+ bold & rem>kable aphorism3 8,nid ,dim ,ond ,duw1 ,nid ,duw ,ond ,dim40 ,x defies translation s z to convey its =ce & beauty2 b ,william ,ow5 has furni%$ a v]sion suffici5tly pla9 to convey ! idea3 8,god _c be matt]2 :at is n matt] mu/ be ,god40 ,^! 7 ! attributes ( ! ,god ( ! e>ly ,druids4 ,!y believ$ t ! ,deity 0 ! s\rce ( life1 & ! giv] ( good4 ,!y def9$ ,8 duration z et]nal1 & ascrib$ to ,him omnipot5ce z ! measure ( ,8 p[]4 ,& z !y f\nd no?+ 9 ! animal creation or 9 man :i* _h any proportion or resemblance to ,god1 !y _h nei!r /atues nor pictures to repres5t ,him2 f :i* we inf] t !y reg>d$ ,god z a pure _s1 z dis5gag$ f matt] z ,he 0 exalt$ above all creat$ ?+s & above all resemblance to !m4 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,! ,,druids4 ,! ,druids (f]$ sacrifices & obs]v$ p>ticul> days = religi\s wor%ip4 ,_! sacrifices 7 c>efully select$1 & !y appe> to h _h cle> views ( _! propitiatory "*4 ,pl9y1 describ+ ! ga!r+ ( ! mi/letoe1 obs]ves3 8,aft] !y h well & duly prep>$ _! fe/ival *e] "u ! tree1 !y br+ ?i!r two "y bullocks1 milk-:ite1 su* z nev] drew 9 yoke at pl[ or wa91 & ^: heads 7 !n & n be=e b\nd by ! horns2 :i* done1 ! prie/1 array$ 9 a :ite ve/ure1 climbe? up into ! tree1 &1 ) a gold5 hook or bill1 cutte? x (f1 & !y b5ea? receive x 9 a :ite cassock or coat ( arms4 ,!n !y fall to & kill ! bea/s a=esaid = sacrifice1 pray+ dev\tly t x w\ld please ,god to bless ?is gift ( ,8 to ! good & b5efit ( all ^? to :om ,he _h v\*saf$ to give x40 ,^! sacrifices 7 (f]$ ) v solemn rites1 ! common p rema9+ at a di/ance1 :ile ! prie/s approa*$ ) trembl+ awe ! bloody victims1 :i* 7 c>ri$ ar\nd ! om5-fire4 ,!re is no bran* ( ?is subject :i* pres5ts itself 9 a m int]e/+ aspect ?an t :i* relates to ! sacr$ places ( ?is p1 & ! peculi> mann] ( _! wor%ip4 ,!y wor%ip$ 9 ! op5 air2 x be+ a maxim ) !m1 t x 0 unlawful to build temples to ! gods1 or to wor%ip !m )9 walls & "u ro(s4 ,_! favorite place 0 a grove ( oaks1 or ! %elt] ( a maje/ic tree ( ?is k9d4 ,"h !y w\ld erect /one pill>s 9 "o or two circul> r[s2 & 9 "s ( _! pr9cipal temples1 z p>ticul>ly t ( ,/oneh5ge1 !y laid /ones ( prodigi\s weight on ! tops ( ^! p]p5dicul> pill>s1 :i* =m$ a k9d ( circle al(t 9 ! air4 ,ne> to ^! temples !y con/ruct$ _! sacr$ m\nts1 _! cromle*s or /one tables = _! sacrifices1 & e o!r necess>y provision = _! wor%ip4 ,^! sacr$ places 7 g5]ally situat$ 9 ! c5tre ( "s ?ick grove or wood1 wat]$ by a consecrat$ riv] or f\nta91 & surr\nd$ by a dit* or m\nd1 to prev5t intrusion4 ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,hang+ ,,/ones4 ,"o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y monum5ts ( anci5t ,engl&1 is t call$ ,/oneh5ge4 ,?is is an ,anglo-,saxon t]m1 mean+ ! hang+ /ones4 ,?is monum5t is situat$ on a small hill 9 ! mid/ ( a b>r5 pla94 ,all ar\nd x fun]al m\nds are gr\p$4 ,^! m\nds are call$ 8b>r[s10 & )9 ?ree miles ( ,/oneh5ge !re are ov] ?ree hundr$ & fifty ( ^! t h be5 rec5tly discov]$4 ,! /ones t con/itut$ ?is ,druid temple are _m ( !m ly+ pro/rate on ! gr\nd1 a few only rema9+ upright ) ! gigantic /one slabs across _! tops4 ,yet en\gh rema9s to indicate ! g5]al design ( ! /ructure z x orig9ally /ood4 ,x consi/$ ( an out] circle1 ab\t ?ree hundr$ feet 9 diamet]1 ( ?irty upright /ones su/a9+ z _m o!rs laid horizontally on _! tops4 ,)9 ?is 0 ano!r circle ( upright ones1 small] ?an ^? 9 ! out] circle1 & )\t any /ones on _! tops4 ,^! /ones are s l>ge t x _c be imag9$ h[ !y 7 rais$ to _! l(ty position4 ,x is v evid5t t ,/oneh5ge 0 a place ( wor%ip1 & f ! numb] ( grave-m\nds1 ea* conta9+ ! rema9s ( a numb] ( bodies1 x is evid5t t x 0 a place ( great sanctity4 ,x has be5 suppos$ t s]p5t-wor%ip f\nd a place "h4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,druidic ,,wor%ip ,,at ,,/oneh5ge1 ,,engl&4 ,,human ,,sacrifices4 ,cs> gives a v c>eful acc\nt ( ! ,druids4 ,9 ! c5tury j prec$+ ! com+ ( ,*ri/1 ,cs> conqu]$ ! ,britons4 ,8 acc\nt ( _! condition is ! m reliable because ?is conque/ put him 9 possession ( ! means ( kn[+ ! p :o 7 9 ! future to =m a "p ( 8 empire4 ,8 te/imony c be/ be giv5 9 a translation ( 8 own words4 ,he says3 8,all ! ,gallic nations are mu* giv5 to sup]/ition2 = :i* reason1 :5 !y are s]i\sly ill1 or are 9 dang] f _! w>s or o!r causes1 !y ei!r (f] up m5 z victims to ! gods1 or make a v[ to sacrifice !mselves4 ,! m9i/]s 9 ^! (f]+s are ! ,druids1 & !y hold t ! wra? ( ! immortal gods c only be appeas$1 & man's life be r$eem$1 by (f]+ up human sacrifice1 & x is a "p ( _! national in/itutions to hold fix$ solemnities = ?is purpose4 ,"s ( !m make imm5se images ( wick]-"w1 :i* !y fill ) m51 :o are ?us burn$ alive 9 (f]+ to _! deities4 ,^! victims are g5]ally select$ f ^? :o h be5 convict$ ( !ft1 robb]y1 or o!r crimes1 9 ^: puni%m5t !y ?9k ! immortal gods take ! greate/ pleasure2 b if !re be any sc>city ( su* victims !y d n hesitate to sacrifice innoc5t m5 9 _! place4 ,if !re be a sup]-abundance ( cattle tak5 9 w> ! surplus is (f]$ up 9 sacrifice2 ! re/ ( ! spoil is collect$ into "o mass4 ,9 _m ( _! tribes l>ge heaps ( ^! ?+s may be se5 9 _! consecrat$ places1 & x is a r>e occurr5ce = any individual sacreligi\sly to conceal "p ( ! booty1 or to turn x to 8 own use2 ! sev]e/ puni%m5t1 toge!r ) bodily torture1 is inflict$ on ^? :o are guilty ( su* an (f5se40 ,he fur!r speaks ( ! ,druids 9 ano!r place3 8,! ,druids act 9 all sacr$ matt]s2 !y att5d to ! sacrifices1 :i* are ei!r (f]$ by ! tribe 9 g5]al or by individuals1 & answ] all que/ions conc]n+ _! religion4 ,!y always h a l>ge numb] ( "y m5 z pupils1 :o treat !m ) ! greate/ respect2 = x is !y :o decide 9 all controv]sies1 :e!r public or private1 & !y judge all causes1 :e!r ( murd]1 ( a disput$ inh]itance1 or ( ! b\nd>ies ( e/ates4 ,!y assign bo? rew>ds & puni%m5ts2 & :oev] refuses to abide by _! s5t5ce1 :e!r he be 9 a public or private /ation1 is =bidd5 to be pres5t at ! sacrifices ( ! gods4 ,?is is1 9 fact1 ! mo/ sev]e mode ( puni%m5t1 & ^? :o h be5 ?us excommunicat$ are held z impi\s & pr(ane2 all avoid !m2 no "o w ei!r meet !m or speak to !m1 le/ !y %\ld be injur$ by _! contagion2 e species ( honor is )held f !m1 & if !y are pla9tiffs 9 a lawsuit ju/ice is d5i$4 ,all ! ,druids are subject to "o *ief1 :o enjoys ! greate/ au?ority among !m4 ,^u ! dea? ( ! *ief ,druid1 ! next 9 dignity is appo9t$ to succe$ him2 & if !re are two ^: m]its are equal1 ! election is made by ! votes ( ! :ole body1 ?\gh sometimes !y dispute = pre-em95ce by ! sword4 8,! ,druidic sy/em is ?\ght to h _h its orig9 9 ,brita91 f :5ce x 0 introduc$ into ,gaul4444 ,among ! mo/ important doctr9es ( ! ,druids is t ( ! immortality ( ! s\l1 :i* !y believe passes aft] dea? into o!r bodies2 !y hold ?is to be a great inducem5t to ! practice ( virtue1 z ! m9d ?us becomes reliev$ f ! fe> ( dea?4 ,_! o!r doctr9es conc]n ! motions ( ! heav5ly bodies1 ! magnitude ( ! e>? & ! univ]se1 ! nature ( ?+s1 & ! p[] & attributes ( ! immortal gods40 ,c]ta9ly ,cs>'s te/imony is cle>1 & he writes z "o :o _h actually gaz$ ^u ! /range & /rik+ sc5es :i* he describes4 ,,! ,,de/ruction ,,( ,,druidism4 ,! religion ( ! ,druids 0 h&$ d[n by tradition f fa!r to son1 & consi/$ 9 ! prop] p]=mance ( c]ta9 rites & c]emonies4 ,x has be5 /at$ t ! ,druids wor%ip$ ,bel or ,baal1 ?\gh ?is is sometimes que/ion$4 ,on ! eve ( ,may-day fires 7 light$ on _! alt>s 9 honor ( _! ,supreme ,god4 ,!y _h a set ( doctr9es :i* 7 publicly taught1 & ano!r set :i* 7 made kn[n only to ! initiat$4 ,! ,druids 7 n gross idolat]s1 ?\gh !y reg>d$ ! oak1 ! symbol ( ,god1 ) sup]/iti\s awe4 ,b ! "t = ! dea? ( ,druidism _h come4 ,fifty-five ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 ! great conqu]or1 ,julius ,cs>1 l&$ 9 ,brita94 ,! skillful & c\rage\s ,britons gave him a great deal ( tr\ble1 & prev5t$ 8 p5etrat+ f> f ! %ore4 ,emp]or aft] emp]or s\ght to subjugate ! ,isl& dur+ ! ye>s t foll[$1 b x 0 n until #acj ye>s _h pass$ away t ,briton 0 really conqu]$ by ! ,romans4 ,agricola 0 s5t 9 ,a4,d4 #gh to be gov]nor ( ,brita94 ,by 8 wise policy ! :ole life ( ! ,britons 0 *ang$ :]ev] x came "u ,roman influ5ce4 ,! dwell+s ( ! ,britons 7 v rude & simple 9 ! e>ly ages1 be+ mo/ly con/ruct$ ( hurdle or wick]-"w1 & aft]w>d ( l>ge /ones )\t mort>4 ,_! h\ses 7 g5]ally r\nd1 hav+ ! ro( ?at*$1 ) a hole left 9 ! c5tre = ! escape ( smoke4 ,! ,romans1 on ! contr>y1 _h long be5 accu/om$ to commodi\s & elegant dwell+s1 well built ( masonry1 & adorn$ 9 ! ri*e/ mann] ) /atues1 pictures1 elegant drap]y & h&some furniture4 ,x 0 n :ile ! ,romans 7 engag$ 9 conqu]+ ,brita9 t _! religion ga9$ a foo?old !re1 b aft] !y _h come to p[] & peace4 ,! ,druid prie/s 7 de/roy$1 & ! p1 left ?us )\t religi\s tea*]s1 gradually accept$ to "s ext5t ! !n-exi/+ =ms ( ,roman fai?4 ,,:o ,,fir/ ,,br\ght ,,*ri/ianity ,,to ,,brita98 ,:ile ! ,romans 7 busily seek+ to conqu] ,brita91 an ev5t ( unp>allel$ importance took place4 ,x 0 ! bir? ( ,jesus1 ! ,*ri/4 ,v ne>ly e "o ( ! e>ly prea*]s :o by any possibility c\ld h gone to ,brita9 ) ! ,gospel message1 has be5 decl>$ to be ! f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity !re4 ,! ,apo/le ,pet] is decl>$1 s says an old *ronicle1 8to h /ay$ "s "t 9 ,brita92 :]e hav+ prea*$ ! ^w1 e/abli%$ *ur*es1 orda9$ bi%ops1 prie/s & deacons1 9 ! twelf? ye> ( ,n]o he return$ to ,rome40 ,b ?is1 = _m reasons1 is n to be believ$4 ,joseph ( ,arima!a is also said to h fir/ tak5 ! ,gospel to ,brita94 ,b ! :ole n>rative ( 8 mission is fabul\s4 ,a ,k+ ,lucius is said to h s5t ab\t #afd ,a4,d4 to ,rome = mission>ies1 b ?is too is que/ionable4 ,"o m "q rema9s to be consid]$4 ,did ! ,apo/le ,paul plant ,*ri/ianity 9 ,brita98 ,t]tullian1 ab\t ! ye> #bjj ,a4,d41 wrote t ! ,gospel _h spread 8also to ! b\nd>ies ( ! ,spani>ds1 to all ! diff]5t nations ( ,gaul1 & to ^? p>ts ( ,brita9 inaccessible ev5 to ! ,romans40 ,b m anci5t ?an ?is is ! te/imony ( ,clem5t1 ,bi%op ( ,rome1 #ajb ,a4,d4 8,/4 ,paul prea*$ righte\sness ?r\gh ! :ole _w2 &1 9 do+ ?is1 w5t to ! utmo/ b\nds ( ! ,we/40 ,a le>n$ writ] ?us sums up all ! evid5ce ( ,paul's be+ ! fir/ to give ! ,gospel to ,brita93 8,t ,/4 ,paul did g to ,brita9 we may collect f ! te/imony ( ,clem5s ,romanus1 ,!odoret & ,j]ome1 :o relate t1 aft] 8 imprisonm5t1 he prea*$ ! ,gospel 9 ! we/]n p>ts2 t he br\ght salvation to ! isl&s t lie 9 ! ocean1 & t1 9 prea*+ ! ,gospel1 he w5t to ! utmo/ b\nds ( ! ,we/4 ,:at 0 meant by ! ,we/ & ! isl&s t lie 9 ! ocean1 we may judge f ,plut>*1 ,eusebius & ,nicephorus1 :o call ! ,briti% ,ocean ! we/]n2 & aga9 f ,nicephorus1 :o says t "o ( ! apo/les #8w5t to ! extreme c\ntries ( ! ocean & ! ,briti% ,isles2' b especially f ! words ( ,catullus1 :o calls ,brita9 ! utmo/ isl& ( ! ,we/2 & f ,!odoret1 :o describes ! ,britons z inhabit+ ! utmo/ p>ts ( ! ,we/4 ,:5 ,clem5t1 !re=e1 says t ,paul w5t to ! utmo/ b\nds ( ! ,we/1 we d n conjecture1 b are sure1 t he meant ,brita91 n only because ,brita9 0 s designat$1 b because ,paul c\ld n h gone to ! utmo/ b\nds ( ! ,we/ )\t go+ to ,brita94 ,x is almo/ unnecess>y1 !re=e1 to appeal to ! express te/imony ( ,v5antius1 ,=tunatus & ,sophronius1 = ! apo/le's j\rney to ,brita940 ,,paganism ,,( ,,! ,,saxons4 ,! religion ( our ,saxon ance/ors 0 ! same z t ( ! :ole ,g]man family4 ,*ri/ianity1 :i* _h by ?is "t br\ght ab\t ! conv]sion ( ! ,roman ,empire1 _h n p5etrat$ z yet among ! =e/s ( ! ,nor?4 ,! common god ( ! ,engli% p1 z ( ! :ole ,g]man race1 0 ,wod51 ! w>-god1 ! gu>dian ( ways & b\nd>ies1 to :om 8 wor%ip]s attribut$ ! inv5tion ( lett]s1 & :om e tribe held to be ! fir/ ance/or ( its k+s4 ,our own names = ! days ( ! week /ill recall to u ! gods :om our ,engli% fa!rs wor%ip$ 9 _! ,sleswick homel&4 ,w$nesday is ,wod5's day1 z ,?ursday is ! day ( ,?und]1 or1 z ! ,nor?m5 call$ him1 ,?or1 ! god ( air1 & /orm1 & ra94 ,friday is ,freya's day1 ! goddess ( peace1 & joy1 & fruitfulness1 ^: emblems1 borne al(t by danc+ maid5s1 br\ght increase to e field & /all !y visit$4 ,saturday commemorates an obscure god1 ,soet]e2 ,tuesday1 ! ,d>k god1 ,tiw1 to meet :om 0 dea?2 ,eo/re1 ! goddess ( ! dawn1 or ! spr+1 l5ds h] "n to ! ,*ri/ian fe/ival ( ! ,resurrection4 ,beh9d ^! float$ ! dim %apes ( an old] my?ology--8,wyrd10 ! dea?-goddess1 ^: memory l+]$ long 9 ! 8weird0 ( nor!rn sup]/ition1 or ! ,%ield ,maid5s1 ! 8mighty wom510 :o1 an old rhyme tells u1 8wr\ght on ! battle-field _! toil1 & hurl$ ! ?rill+ javel9s40 ,ne>] to ! popul> fancy lay ! deities ( wood & fell1 or ! h]o-gods ( leg5d & song1 8,nicor10 ! wat]-sprite1 :o gave u our wat] ,nixes1 & 8,old ,nick10 8,wel&10 ! =g] ( mighty %ields & %>p-bit+ swords1 at a lat] "t1 9 8 ,b]k%ire1 8,weyl&'s ,smi?y10 or gil1 ! h]o ar*]1 ^: leg5d is t ( ,cl\desly or ,tell4 ,a nature-wor%ip ( ?is sort l5t itself ill to ! purposes ( a prie/hood1 &1 ?\gh a prie/ly class exi/$1 x seems at no "t to h _h mu* weight 9 ! ,engli% society4 ,z e freeman 0 8 own judge & 8 own legislator1 s he 0 8 own h\se prie/2 & ! common ,engli% wor%ip lay 9 ! sacrifice :i* he (f]$ to ! god ( 8 he>?4 ,! religion ( ,wod5 & ,?or supplant$1 = ! "t be+1 ! religion ( ,*ri/4 ,! new ,engl& 0 once m a hea!n l& "u ! gods ( its conqu]ors4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gods ,,( ,,our ,,saxon ,,ance/ors4 #a4 ,sun-god2 #b4 ,moon-god2 #c4 ,god ,tiw2 #d4 ,wod52 #e4 ,?or2 #f4 ,goddess ,freya2 #g4 ,soet]e4 ,,saxon ,,gods4 ,! fir/ ( all ! gods 0 ,wod5 or ,od94 ,he is ! ,all-fa!r1 l ,dyans ( ! e>ly ,h9dus1 ,zeus ( ! ,greeks & ,jove ( ! ,romans4 ,9 ! ,volsung ,saga1 ,wod5 is reveal$ z foll[s3 ,k+ ,volsung _h made prep>ation = an ent]ta9m5t4 ,blaz+ fires burn$ along ! hall1 & 9 ! middle ( ! hall /ood a l>ge tree1 ^: gre5 & fair foliage cov]$ ! ro(4 ,x 0 call$ ,wod5's tree4 ,n[1 z ! gue/s sat ar\nd ! fire 9 ! ev5+1 a man ent]$ ! hall ^: c\nt5ance !y did n "k4 ,he wore a v>iegat$ cloak1 0 b>efoot$1 8 bree*es 7 ( l951 & a wide-brimm$ hat hung d[n ov] 8 face4 ,he 0 v tall1 look$ old1 & 0 "o-ey$4 ,he held 9 8 h& a sword4 ,he w5t to ! tree1 /uck 8 sword into x ) su* a p[]ful bl[ t x sunk into x ev5 up to ! hilt4 ,no "o d>$ greet him4 ,x 0 ,wod54 ,wod5's dwell+ 0 call$ ,walhal4 ,! ,edda1 ! poem ( ! gods1 ?us describes ,walhalla3 8,easily to be kn[n is1 ,by ^? :o to ,od9 come1 ,! mansion by its aspect4 ,its ro( ) spe>s is held1 ,its hall ) %ields is deck$1 ,) corselets are its b5*es /rew$4 8,five hundr$ doors ,& =ty m ,me?9ks are 9 ,walhal1 ,eight hundr$ h]oes ?r\gh ea* door ,%all issue =?6 ,aga9/ ! wolf to combat40 ,! h]oes are invit$ aft] dea? to ,wod5's hall4 ,t ! brave 7 to be tak5 to ,walhalla aft] dea? 0 "o ( ! fundam5tal po9ts1 if n ! v he>t ( ! religion ( ! ,nor?m54 ,!y felt 9 _! he>ts t x 0 absolutely necess>y to be brave4 ,wod5 w\ld n c>e = !m1 b w\ld despise & ?ru/ !m away f him1 if !y 7 n brave4 ,?is made ! ,nor?m5 ?9k x a %ame & mis]y n to die 9 battle4 ,old k+s1 ab\t to die1 _h _! bodies plac$ 9 a %ip2 ! %ip 0 s5t =? ) sails set1 & a sl[ fire burn+ 9 x1 s t once out at sea x might blaze up 9 flame1 & 9 su* a way wor?ily bury ! h]o bo? 9 ! sky & 9 ! ocean4 ,he lay 9 ! pr[ ( 8 %ip1 sil5t1 ) clos$ lips1 defy+ ! wild ocean4 ,z ,boyes5 has sung3 8,9 ! pr[ ) head uplift$ ,/ood ! *ief l wra?ful ,?or2 ,?r\gh 8 locks1 ! sn[-flakes drift$1 ,blea*$ _! hue f gold to ho>1 ',mid ! cra% ( ma/ & raft] ,norsem5 leap$ ?r\gh dea? ) laught] ,up ?r\gh ,walhal's wide-flung door40 ,?or comes next to ,wod54 ,8 "n means ?und]4 ,he is ! spr+-god1 subdu+ ! fro/-giants4 ,longfell[ has describ$ ! ,norseman's idea ( ,?or1 ?us3 8,i am ! god ,?or1 ,i am ! w>-god4 ,i am ! ,?und]]6 "h 9 my ,nor?l&1 ,my fa/ness & =tress1 reign ,i =ev]6 8,"h amid iceb]gs rule ,i ! nations2 ,?is is my hamm]1 ,mjoln]1 ! mighty1 ,giants & sorc]]s _c )/& x6 8,^! are ! gauntlets :]e) ,i wield x1 ,& hurl x af> (f2 ?is is my girdle1 ,:5ev] ,i brace x /r5g? is r$\bl$6 8,! light ?\ beholde/ /ream ?r\gh ! heav5s1 ,9 fla%es ( crimson1 is b my r$ be>d1 ,bl[n by ! night-w9d1 affright+ ! nations4 8,jove is my bro!r2 m9e eyes are ! lightn+2 ,! :eels ( my *>iot roll 9 ! ?und]1 ,! bl[s ( my hamm] r+ 9 ! e>?quake6 8,=ce rules ! _w /ill1 has rul$ x1 %all rule x2 ,meekness is weakness1 /r5g? is triumphant2 ,ov] ! :ole e>? /ill is ,?or's-day60 ,,saxon ,,sacrifices4 ,! sacrifices :i* 7 pres5t$ to ! gods 9 ! e>ly ages 7 v simple1 & su* z a p 9 ! fir/ /ages ( civilization w\ld (f]--! fir/ fruits ( _! crops1 & ! *oice/ products ( ! e>?4 ,!y also sacrific$ animals4 ,!y (f]$ to ,?or1 dur+ ! fea/ ( ,jaul1 fat ox5 & horses2 to ,frigga1 ! l>ge/ hog :i* !y c\ld procure2 to ,od91 horses1 dogs & falcons1 sometimes cocks1 & a fat bull4 ,!y ev5 proce$$ at times to %$ human blood4 ,! victims 7 usually *os5 f captives 9 "t ( w>1 & slaves dur+ peace4 ,aft] be+ select$1 !y 7 treat$ ) excessive k9dness1 until ! "t ( _! execution1 :5 !y 7 congratulat$ on _! happy de/9y 9 a future life4 ,on great em]g5cies1 h[ev]1 nobles & k+s 7 immolat$ on ! alt>s ( ! gods4 ,on all ^! occasions ! prie/s took c>e1 9 consecrat+ ! victim1 to pron\nce c]ta9 words2 su* z1 8,i devote !e to ,od920 8,i s5d !e to ,od920 or1 8,i devote !e = a good h>ve/1 = ! return ( a fruitful season40 ,! c]emony conclud$ ) fea/+1 dur+ :i* !y drank immod]ately4 ,fir/1 ! k+s & *ief lords drank heal?s 9 honor ( ! gods2 aft]w>d1 e "o drank1 mak+ song or pray] to ! gods :o _h be5 nam$4 ,aft] ! victim 0 sla91 ! body 0 burnt1 or susp5d$ 9 a sacr$ grove ne> ! temple2 "p ( ! blood 0 spr9kl$ ^u ! p1 "p ^u ! sacr$ grove4 ,) ! same !y also b$ew$ ! images ( ! gods1 ! alt>s1 ! b5*es & walls ( ! temple1 bo? )9 & )\t1 ?us complet+ _! "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sacrificial ,,rites ,,( ,,! ,,anci5t ,,briti% ,,druids4 ,,fairy-,,lore ,,( ,,we/]n ,,europe4 ,! ,saxons & _! k9dr$1 ! ,teutons & ! ,celts1 h a great mass ( fairy tales1 leg5ds1 hobgobl9 /ories & ! l4 ,^! tales ent] m into ! life ( ! p ?an we are accu/om$ to believe4 ,:ile ! /rong] m51 ! soldi]s ( ! race1 told _! old ,vik+ tales or recit$ _! ,eddas' poems1 ! common p told ov] & ov] aga9 ! tales ( ! little be+s :o haunt$ hill & mead[1 field & =e/1 lake & riv]4 ,! tales & sup]/itions ( ! e>ly ,britons 7 intimately relat$ to _! religi\s ideas1 & ex]t$ z p[]ful an influ5ce on _! lives z _! belief 9 ! gods4 ,s x is 9 keep+ ) our subject t we proce$ to pres5t "s ( ^! fairy tales & leg5ds4 ,%akespe>e has pres]v$ anci5t & qua9t traditions ( ! ,fairies & ,puck1 & ( ,mab1 ,que5 ( ! ,fairies1 f :i* we quote4 8,fairy4--,ei!r ,i mi/ake y\r %ape & mak+ q1 ,or else y are t %rewd & knavi% sprite ,call'd ,rob9 ,good-fell[4 ,are y n he ,t frights ! maid5s ( ! villag]y1 ,skims milk1 & sometimes labors 9 ! qu]n1 ,& bootless makes ! brea?less h\sewife *urn2 ,& sometimes makes ! dr9k to be> no h>m2 ,misleads night-w&]]s1 laugh+ at _! h>m8 ,^? t ,hobgobl9 call y1 & sweet ,puck1 ,y d _! "w1 & !y %all h good luck1 ,are n y he8 ,puck4--,?\ speake/ aright1 ,i am t m]ry w&]] ( ! night4 ,i je/ to ,ob]on1 & make him smile1 ,:5 ,i a fat & bean-f$ horse beguile1 ,neigh+ 9 lik5ess ( a filly-foal2 ,& sometimes lurk ,i 9 a gossip's b[l1 ,9 v lik5ess ( a roa/$ crab1 ,& :5 %e dr9ks1 aga9/ h] lips ,i bob1 ,& on h] )]$ durlap p\r ! ale4 ,! wise/ aunt1 tell+ ! sadde/ tale1 ,sometimes = ?ree-foot /ool mi/ake? me2 ,!n slip ,i f h] bum--d[n topples %e1 ,& tailor cries1 & falls into a c\gh2 ,& !n ! :ole quire hold _! hips & laffe1 ,& wax5 9 _! mir?1 & neeze & swe>1 ,a m]ri] h\r 0 nev] wa/$ !re4 ,o !n1 ,i see ,que5 ,mab ha? be5 ) y4 ,%e is ! fairies' midwife2 & %e comes1 ,9 %ape no bigg] ?an an agate /one ,on ! =ef+] ( an ald]man1 ,drawn ) a team ( little atomies1 ,ov] m5's noses z !y lie asleep3 ,h] wagon-spokes1 made ( long sp9n]'s legs2 ,! cov]1 ( ! w+s ( gras%opp]s2 ,! traces1 ( ! smalle/ spid]'s web2 ,! coll>s ( ! moon%9es' wat]y beams2 ,h] :ip ( cricket's bone2 ! la% ( film2 ,h] wagon]1 a small gray-coat$ gnat1 ,n half s big z a r\nd little worm ,prick$ f ! lazy f+] ( a maid3 ,h] *>iot is an empty hazel nut1 ,made by ! jo9] squirrel or old grub1 ,"t out ( m9d ! fairies' coa*mak]s4 ,?is is t v ,mab ,t plats ! manes ( horses 9 ! night2 ,& bakes ! elflocks 9 f\l slutti% hairs1 ,:i* once untangl$ mu* mis=tune bode4 ,?is is ! hag1 :5 maids lie on _! backs1 ,t presses !m40 ,a few ( ! v _m fairy tales once curr5t 9 ,old ,engl& & 9 ,we/]n ,europe g5]ally1 may well be giv5 "h 9 illu/ration ( _! g5]al "*4 ,,an ,,elf9 ,,/ory4 ,!re 0 "o "t1 x is said1 a s]vant girl1 :o 0 = h] cleanly1 tidy habits1 greatly belov$ by ! ,elves1 p>ticul>ly z %e 0 c>eful to c>ry away all dirt & f\l wat] to a di/ance f ! h\se1 & !y once invit$ h] to a w$d+4 ,ev]y?+ 0 conduct$ 9 ! greate/ ord]1 & !y made h] a pres5t ( "s *ips1 :i* %e took good-humor$ly1 & put into h] pocket4 ,b :5 ! bride-pair 7 com+1 !re 0 a /raw unluckily ly+ 9 ! way2 ! bridegroom got clev]ly ov] x1 b ! poor bride fell on h] face4 ,at ! sight ( ?is1 ! girl c\ld n re/ra9 h]self1 b bur/ out a-laugh+1 & t in/ant ! :ole vani%$ f h] sight4 ,next day1 to h] utt] amazem5t1 %e f\nd t :at %e _h tak5 to be no?+ b *ips 7 s _m pieces ( pure gold4 ,,! ,,p5it5t ,,nis4 ,x is relat$ ( a ,nis1 :o _h e/abli%$ himself 9 a h\se 9 ,jutl&1 t he us$ e ev5+1 aft] ! maid 0 gone to b$1 to g into ! kit*5 to take 8 gr\te1 :i* !y us$ to leave !re = him 9 a l>ge wood5 b[l4 ,"o ev5+1 he sat d[n z usual to eat 8 supp] ) a good appetite1 drew ov] ! b[l to him1 & 0 j beg9n+1 z he ?\ght1 to make a com=table meal1 :5 he f\nd t ! maid _h =gott5 to put any butt] 9 x = him4 ,at ?is1 he fell into a furi\s rage1 got up 9 ! height ( 8 passion1 & w5t out into ! c[-h\se & twi/$ ! neck ( ! be/ c[ t 0 9 x2 b z he felt himself /ill v hungry1 he /ole back aga9 to ! kit*5 to take "s ( ! gr\te1 su* z x 01 & :5 he _h eat5 a little ( x he p]ceiv$ t !re 0 butt] 9 x1 b t x _h sunk to ! bottom "u ! gr\te4 ,he 0 n[ s vex$ at 8 inju/ice t[>d ! maid t1 to make good ! damage he _h done1 he w5t back to ! c[-h\se & set a *e/ full ( money by ! side ( ! dead c[1 :]e ! family f\nd x next morn+1 & by means ( x got into fl\ri%+ circum/ances4 ,,nixes4 ,! ,nixes1 or ,wat]-p1 inhabit lakes & riv]s4 ,! man is l any o!r man1 only he has gre5 tee?4 ,he also we>s a gre5 hat4 ,! female ,nixes appe> l beautiful maid5s4 ,on f9e sunny days !y may be se5 sitt+ on ! banks1 or on ! bran*es ( ! trees1 comb+ _! long gold5 locks4 ,:5 any p]son is %ortly to be dr[n$ ! ,nixes may be previ\sly se5 danc+ on ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,!y inhabit a beautiful region bel[ ! wat]1 :i!r !y sometimes convey mortals4 ,a girl f a village ne> ,leipsic1 z ! /ory goes1 0 at "o "t at s]vice 9 ! h\se ( a ,nix4 ,%e report$ t ev]y?+ !re 0 v good2 all %e _h to compla9 ( 0 t %e 0 oblig$ to eat h] food )\t salt4 ,! female ,nixes frequ5tly g to ! m>ket to buy meat2 !y are always dress$ ) extreme neatness1 only a corn] ( ! apron or "s o!r "p ( _! clo!s is wet4 ,! man also occasionally goes to m>ket4 ,!y are fond ( c>ry+ (f wom51 ( :om !y make wives4 ,f ! _m tales ( ! ,nixes we select ! foll[+1 :i* are fair specim5s ( ! :ole4 ,,! ,,peasant ,,& ,,! ,,wat]man4 ,a ,wat]man1 or ,nix1 once liv$ on good t]ms ) a peasant :o dwelt ne> 8 lake4 ,he (t5 visit$ him1 & at la/ begg$ t ! peasant w\ld make a visit to 8 h\se "u ! wat]4 ,! peasant cons5t$1 & w5t d[n ) him4 ,!re 0 ev]y?+ d[n "u ! wat] z 9 a /ately palace on ! l&--halls1 *amb]s & cab9ets1 ) co/ly furniture ( e description4 ,! ,wat]man l$ 8 gue/ ov] ! :ole1 & %[$ him ev]y?+ t 0 9 x4 ,!y came at l5g? to a little *amb]1 :]e 7 /&+ sev]al new pots turn$ upside d[n4 ,! peasant ask$ :at 0 9 !m4 8,!y conta910 0 ! reply1 8! s\ls ( dr[n$ p1 :i* ,i put "u ! pots & keep !m close1 s t !y _c get away40 ,! peasant made no rem>k1 & he came up aga9 on ! l&4 ,b = a long "t ! affair ( ! s\ls cont9u$ to give him great tr\ble1 & he wat*$ to f9d :5 ! ,wat]man %\ld be f home4 ,:5 ?is occurr$1 z he _h m>k$ ! "r way d[n1 he desc5d$ into ! wat]-h\se1 &1 hav+ made out ! little *amb]1 he turn$ up all ! pots "o aft] ano!r1 & imm$iately ! s\ls ( ! dr[n$ p asc5d$ out ( ! wat] & recov]$ _! lib]ty4 ,,! ,,wond]ful ,,little ,,p\*4 ,at noon1 "o day1 a "y peasant sat by ! side ( a wood1 &1 sigh+1 pray$ ! gods to give him a morsel ( food4 ,a dw>f sudd5ly em]g$ f ! wood1 & told him t 8 pray] %\ld be fulfill$4 ,he !n gave him ! p\* t he _h on 8 side1 ) ! assurance t he w\ld always f9d 9 x :]e)al to satisfy 8 ?ir/ & hung]1 *>g+ him1 at ! same "t1 n to consume x all1 & to %>e ) any "o :o ask$ him = food4 ,! dw>f vani%$1 & ! peasant put 8 h& into ! p\* to make a trial ( x1 & !re he f\nd a cake ( new bread1 a *eese1 & a bottle ( w9e1 on :i* he made a he>ty meal4 ,he !n saw t ! p\* swell$ up z be=e1 &1 look+ 91 he f\nd t x 0 aga9 full ( bread1 *eese & w9e4 ,he n[ felt sure ( 8 food1 & he liv$ on 9 an idle1 luxuri\s way1 )\t do+ any "w4 ,"o day1 z he 0 gorg+ himself1 !re came up to him a feeble old man1 :o pray$ him to give him a morsel to eat4 ,he refus$ 9 a brutal1 *urli% tone1 :5 in/antly ! bread & *eese broke1 & scatt]$ out ( 8 h&s1 & p\* & all vani%$4 ,,*ri/ianiz+ ,,! ,,saxons4 ,accord+ to widely-accept$ tradition1 :5 b a "y deacon1 ,gregory ! ,great _h not$ ! :ite bodies1 ! fair faces & ! gold5 hair ( "s y\?s :o /ood b\nd 9 ! m>ket-place at ,rome4 8,f :at c\ntry d ^! slaves come80 he ask$ ! trad]s :o held !m4 8,!y are ,engli%1 ,angles60 ! slave-deal]s answ]$4 ,! deacon's pity veil$ itself 9 poetic humor4 8,n ,angles1 b angels10 he said1 8) faces s angel-l6 ,f :at c\ntry come !y80 8,!y come10 said ! m]*ants1 8f ,deira40 8,de ir60 0 ! untranslatable reply2 8aye1 pluck$ f ,god's ire1 & call$ to ,*ri/'s m]cy6 ,& :at is ! "n ( _! k+80 8lla10 !y told him2 & ,gregory seiz$ on ! words z a good om54 8,alleluia %all be sung !re10 he cri$1 & pass$ on1 mus+ h[ ! angel-faces %\ld be br\ght to s+ x4 ,ye>s w5t by1 & ! deacon become ,bi%op ( ,rome1 :5 ! ,*ri/ian pr9cess1 ,b]ctas' m>riage to ! ,k+ ( ,engl& gave him ! op5+ he s\ght4 ,he at once s5t a ,roman ,abbot1 ,augu/9e1 at ! head ( a b& ( monks1 to prea* ! ,gospel to ! ,engli% p4 ,! mission>ies l&$ ,a4,d4 #eig1 on ! v spot :]e ,h5ge/ _h l&$ m ?an a c5tury be=e1 9 ! ,isle ( ,?anet2 & ! k+ receiv$ !m sitt+ 9 ! op5 air1 on ! *alk-d[n above ,m9/]1 :]e ! eye n[adays cat*es1 miles away ov] ! m>%es1 ! dim t[] ( ,cant]bury4 ,he li/5$ to ! long s]mon z ! int]pret]s :om ,augu/9e _h br\ght ) him f ,gaul translat$ x4 8,y\r words are fair10 !lb]dt repli$ at la/1 ) ,engli% good s5se1 8b !y are new & ( d\btful mean+40 ,= himself1 he said1 he refus$ to =sake ! gods ( 8 fa!rs1 b he promis$ %elt] & protection to ! /rang]s4 ,! b& ( monks ent]$ ,cant]bury be>+ be=e !m a silv] cross ) a picture ( ,*ri/1 & s++ 9 conc]t ! /ra9s ( ! litany ( _! *ur*4 8,turn f ?is city1 ,o ,"l10 !y sang1 8,?9e ang] & wra?1 & turn x f ,?y holy h\se2 = we h s9n$40 ,& !n1 9 /range contra/1 came ! jubilant cry ( ! old] ,hebrew wor%ip1 ! cry :i* ,gregory _h wre/$ 9 prophetic e>ne/ness f ! "n ( ! ,york%ire k+ 9 ! ,roman m>ket-place--8,alleluia60 ,?us 0 begun ! ov]turn+ ( ! hea!n fai? ( our ance/ors1 & ! e/abli%m5t ( ,*ri/ianity among !m4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,india4 ,! ,h9du m9d /ill sup]/ition sways ,/ill to 8 ,triune ,god ! ,brahm9 prays2 ,! laws ( 8ca/e0 ea* g5]\s hope re/ra91 ,& b9d all m5tal p[]s ) palsy+ *a94 ,/ill lives t old belief ! ,samian taught1 ,insects & brutes ) human s\ls are fraught1 ,s\ls doom$ to w&] = unc\nt$ ye>s1 ,till1 pure f e>?ly dross1 !y seek ! sph]es4 ,,ni*olas ,,mi*ell4 ,india is almo/ a cont95t l ,europe4 ,x is %ap$ l a great triangle4 ,its population am\nts to #bdj1jjj1jjj4 ,!re are diff]5t races 9 ,india4 ,fir/ came to ! f]tile valleys ( ! ,indus & ,ganges ! /urdy immigrants f ,c5tral ,asia1 f ,t>t>y & ,?ibet4 ,^! 7 ,scy?ians1 "s ( !m ,mongolians4 ,!n came ! ,h9du p1 ! great family ( ! ,aryans1 :o sep>at$ !mselves f _! ,p]sian bre?r5 sometime ne> #b1jjj ,b4,c41 & gradually ov]spread all ,india4 ,ab\t #ejj ,b4,c41 ,d>ius ,hy/aspes conqu]$ ! ,indian ,empire4 ,alex&] ! ,great invad$ x z f> z ! ,indus 9 #cbg ,b4,c4 ,! ,mohamm$ans drove ! ,p>sees f _! ,p]sian home ab\t #a1ajj ye>s ago1 & a small body ( !m settl$ 9 ,india4 ,!n came ! ,mohamm$ans 7,arabs1 ,turks1 ,afghans & ,moguls7 & conqu]$ ,india = a "t4 ,!re are n[ #da1jjj1jjj ( ,mohamm$ans 9 t l&4 ,/ill lat] came ,europeans1 l$ ?i!r by ! prospects ( great comm]cial ga9s1 ! ,portuguese1 ! ,danes1 ! ,dut*1 ! ,fr5* &1 f9ally1 came ! ,engli%4 ,ov] "o hundr$ dialects are spok5 9 ,india1 b !re is only "o sacr$ language & "o sacr$ lit]ature4 ,?is is ! ,sanscrit4 ,all ! ,h9du sacr$ books1 all ! sacr$ k ( ,h9du !ology1 philosophy or law1 all ! ,h9du cre$s1 op9ions1 cu/oms1 etc41 are record$ 9 ?is language4 ,?is language ( _! lit]ature does n *ange ) ! c\rse ( "t1 x rema9s ! same n[ z ev]4 ,,sket* ,,( ,,brahm9ism4 ,brahm9ism grew out ( :at is call$ ! ,v$ic religion4 ,be=e ,abraham's day ! p liv+ 9 ,c5tral ,asia1 be+ a simple race1 address$ _! pray]s to ! p[]s ( nature1 z1 = example1 to ! /orms1 ! cl\ds & ! sun1 see+ ! ,deity 9 ea* ( ^!4 ,hymns 7 writt5 to ^! gods & ?is =ms ! e>lie/ ( all sacr$ books1 only except+ ^? f :i* ,moses wrote 8 acc\nt ( ! e>ly hi/ory ( ! _w 9 ,g5esis4 ,?is p mov$ s\? into ,india4 ,! prie/hood arose & ! o!r ,v$ic books ( c]emonies1 sacrifices & liturgical =ms 7 prep>$4 ,great comm5t>ies 7 writt5 on ^! books1 & all 7 decl>$ to be inspir$4 ,! prie/s qu>rel$ ) ! civil *iefs1 b _! sacr$ "* 0 increas$ by ! conflict1 & ca/e is ! result4 ,! prie/s are ! highe/ ca/e 7or class71 next come ! w>riors1 !n ! m]*ant1 ! f>m]1 etc41 la/ ( all ! tann]s1 buri]s ( ! dead1 etc4 ,^! classes nev] int]m>ry or int]m+le 9 any way2 x is contam9at+ to sit toge!r ev54 ,ab\t ?is "t idols appe>1 & gods multiply until !y rea* ! numb] ( #ccj1jjj1jjj4 ,m5 groan$ "u ?is /up5d\s sy/em ( oppressive idolatry4 ,buddha tri$ 9 ! sev5? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 to re=m x1 b he fail$1 ?\gh he succe$$ 9 e/abli%+ a new fai? :i* has numb]$ its conv]ts by ! hundr$s ( millions4 ,b ,brahm9ism cont9ues to be ! religion ( ,india1 ev5 until to-day4 ,! task ( ,*ri/ianity to supplant x is gigantic1 & r5d]$ d\bly difficult by ! failure ( ,buddhism4 ,9 lat] days a new re=m] appe>$1 ,rammohun ,roy4 ,he />t$ ! ,brahmosomaj1 or re=m$ ,brahm9ism1 b "u 8 successor1 ,ke%ub ,*und] ,s51 x is drift+ t[>d ,*ri/ianity4 ,/>t+ f ! ,v$a1 ,h9duism has end$ 9 embrac+ some?+ f all religions1 & 9 pres5t+ phases suit$ to all m9ds4 ,x is all-tol]ant1 all-compliant1 all-compreh5sive1 all-absorb+4 ,x has its spiritual & its mat]ial aspect1 its esot]ic & exot]ic1 its subjective & objective1 its rational & irrational1 its pure & its impure4 ,x has "o side = ! practical1 ano!r = ! sev]ely moral1 ano!r = ! devotional & imag9ative1 ano!r = ! s5su\s & s5sual1 & ano!r = ! philosophical & speculative4 ,^? :o re/ 9 c]emonial obs]vances f9d x all-suffici5t2 ^? :o d5y ! efficacy ( works & make fai? ! "o requisite1 ne$ n w&] f its pale2 ^? :o are addict$ to s5suality may h _! ta/es fully gratifi$2 ^? ^: delight is 9 m$itat+ ^u ! nature ( ,god & ( man1 or ! relations ( matt] & ( _s1 ! my/]y ( sep>ate exi/5ce1 or ^u ! orig9 ( evil1 may "h indulge _! love ( speculation4 ,& ?is capacity = almo/ limitless expansion causes almo/ numb]less sect>ian divisions ev5 among ! foll[]s ( any giv5 p>ticul> l9e ( doctr9e4 ,yet !re rema9s mu* ( ! old nature-wor%ip1 or m correctly speak+1 ( ! old devil-wor%ip among ! ,h9dus ev5 at ?is late day4 ,z 9 ,t9nevelly ! p wor%ip a /one devil1 :o holds a trid5t 9 "o h&1 & a *ild :i* he 0 ab\t to dev\r 9 ! o!r4 ,! idol g5]ally has a g>l& ( r$ & :ite ole&] fl[]s on its head & %\ld]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,devil ,,wor%ip$ ,,9 ,,t9nevelly4 ,,! ,,gods ,,( ,,h9duism4 ,! ?ree idols sculptur$ on ! walls ( ,elephanta ,cave are f\nd all ov] ,india1 & con/itute ! *ief gods :i* are wor%ip$ by ! ,h9dus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indra1 ,,god ,,( ,,! ,,atmosph]e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,brahma4 ,,vi%nu4 ,,siva4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,*ief ,,h9du ,,gods4 ,all ! human race is said to h come f ! highl&s ( ,c5tral ,asia1 & ! wor%ip ( ^!1 our ,aryan =efa!rs1 0 at fir/ exce$+ly simple4 ,_! mann] ( life br\ght !m into close contact ) nature1 & we le>n f ! hymns !n writt51 _m ( :i* are /ill pres]v$ 9 ! ,v$as 7! sacr$ book ( ! ,h9dus71 t !y reg>d$ ! p[]s ( nature z manife/ations ( gods4 ,9 ! /orms1 !y suppos$ ^! rival gods 7 qu>rel+4 ,9 ! ,v$ic hymns1 frequ5t m5tion is made ( ! *ief god1 call$ ,dyaus1 ! 8,heav5ly ,fa!r40 ,also ,aditi1 ! 8,inf9ite ,expanse10 is call$ ! "m ( all gods4 ,next comes ,v>una1 ! 8,sky 9 its ,brightness10 !n ,indra1 ! god ( ! 8,atmosph]e20 s runn+ ?r\gh ! :ole li/4 ,aft] a "t1 ! names ( ! gods are some:at alt]$1 & a sort ( tr9ity is =m$4 ,agni1 god ( fire1 becomes ,brahma2 ,surya1 ! sun-god1 becomes ,vi%nu1 & ,indra1 ! atmosph]e-god1 becomes ,siva4 ,^! con/itute :at is call$ ! ,tri-murti1 & are g5]ally said to repres5t "o god z ,creator1 ,pres]v] or ,de/roy]4 ,h9dus (t5 write 9 _! honor v]ses l ! foll[+3 8,9 ^? ?ree p]sons ! "o ,god 0 %[n-- ,ea* fir/ 9 place1 ea* la/--n "o alone2 ,( ,siva1 ,vi%nu1 ,brahma1 ea* may be ,fir/1 second1 ?ird1 among ! ,bless$ ,?ree40 ,z to :i* ( ! ?ree gods is to be call$ ! ,supreme ,be+1 op9ions diff]4 ,! foll[+ /ory is told 9 "o ( ! sacr$ books t\*+ ^u ?is po9t3 ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,sages' ,,se>*4 ,a dispute arose among ! sages z to :i* ( ! ?ree gods 0 greate/2 s !y appli$ to ! great ,bhrigu1 "o ( ! t5 ,mah>%is1 or primeval patri>*s creat$ by ! fir/ ,manu1 to det]m9e ! po9t4 ,he und]took to put all ?ree gods to a sev]e te/1 & w5t fir/ to ,brahma2 on approa*+ :om he purposely omitt$ an obeisance4 ,^u ?is ! god's ang] blaz$ t]ribly =?2 b1 re/ra9+ x1 he 0 at l5g? pacifi$4 ,next he repair$ to ! abode ( ,siva1 9 ,kailsa1 & omitt$ to return ! god's salutation4 ,! v9dictive deity 0 enrag$1 8 eyes fla%$ fire1 & he rais$ 8 trid5t to de/roy ! sage2 b ! god's wife1 ,prvati1 fell at 8 feet & by h] int]cession appeas$ him4 ,la/ly1 he repair$ to ,vaikun?a1 ! heav5 ( ,vi%nu1 :om he f\nd asleep ) 8 head on 8 consort ,lak%m's lap4 ,to make a trial ( 8 =be>ance1 he boldly gave ! god a kick on 8 brea/1 :i* awoke him4 ,in/ead ( %[+ ang]1 h[ev]1 ,vi%nu arose1 & on see+ ,bhrigu1 ask$ 8 p>don = n hav+ greet$ him on 8 fir/ arrival4 ,next1 he express$ himself highly honor$ by ! sage's bl[ 7:i* he decl>$ _h impr9t$ an indelible m>k ( good =tune on 8 brea/71 & !n inquir$ t5d]ly :e!r 8 foot 0 hurt1 & proce$$ to rub x g5tly4 8,?is10 said ,bhrigu1 8is ! mightie/ god2 he ov]p[]s by ! mo/ pot5t ( all weapons--g5tl5ess & g5]osity40 ,?is idea 0 n f> remov$ f ! g5ius ( ,*ri/ianity1 :i* conspicu\sly enc\rages ! ov]com+ ( evil ) good4 ,illu/ration3 ,pic>t1 ,pa9t]4 ,illman ,bro!rs1 ,engrav]s ,pr9t]s4 ,,h9du ,,fakirs ,,practis+ ,,_! ,,sup]/iti\s ,,rites4 ,,engrav$ ,,expressly ,,= ,,error',s ,,*a9s ,,c ,,! ,,gods ,,die8 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable ideas to be f\nd 9 ! ,brhmanas is t ! gods 7 m]ely mortals till !y extort$ immortality f ! ,supreme ,be+ by sacrifices & au/]ities4 ,a natural or inh]5t immortality 9 ^! deities 0 nev] dream$ (1 x is said3 8,! gods liv$ con/antly 9 dread ( ,dea?-- ,! mighty ,end]--s ) toilsome rites ,!y wor%ip$ & repeat$ sacrifices ,till !y became immortal4 ,!n ! ,end] ,said to ! gods1 #8,z ye h made y\rselves ,imp]i%able2 s w m5 endeavor ,to free !mselves f me2 :at portion !n ,%all ,i possess 9 man8' ,! gods repli$1 #8,h5ce=? no be+ %all become immortal ,9 8 own body2 ?is 8 mortal frame ,%alt ?\ /ill seize2 ?is %all rema9 ?y own1 ,he :o ?r\gh k or religi\s acts ,h5ce=? atta9s to immortality ,%all fir/ pres5t 8 body1 ,dea?1 to !e4'0 ,,sects ,,( ,,h9duism4 ,x mu/ n be suppos$ t ! hea!n religions pres5t "o unbrok5 front aga9/ ! oncom+ ranks ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,*ri/ianity is divid$ into sects1 x is true2 b ^! sects are b z ! diff]5t regim5ts & divisions ( an army4 ,! bann] ( ! ,cross is at ! head ( ! :ole ( ?is gr& army1 & x floats pr\dly ov] ea* regim5t2 ! regim5tal bann] is always plac$ b5ea?1 & n above1 ! bann] ( ! ,cross4 ,h5ce ! v>i\s d5om9ations ( ,*ri/ians are n s _m di/9ct bodies1 fight+ ea* o!r z well z fight+ ! common foe2 b !y are s _m b&s ( soldi]s1 fight+1 p]haps1 ea* 9 its own way1 yet all aim+ to de/roy ! "o common enemy1 ,satan & 8 works4 ,b ! divisions ( hea!n religi\s sy/ems diff] greatly f ?is4 ,_m ( !m are s diff]5t f ea* o!r t !re is h>dly a trace ( resemblance rema9+4 ,ea* hea!n religi\s sy/em wages w> aga9/ e o!r "o4 ,buddhism is1 p]haps1 an exception to ?is1 at lea/ 9 its mode ( w>f>e1 = x seeks to swall[ up e o!r sy/em1 to incorporate all o!r religions 9 its own & to de/roy !m by ! *ange4 ,9 ea* ( ^! sy/ems1 z well z 9 ,h9duism1 :i* we h n[ be=e u = consid]ation1 !re are _m diff]5t sects4 ,^! v>y v mu* m ?an ! d5om9ations ( ,*ri/5dom1 & are con/antly turn+ _! guns ^u ea* o!r4 ,?us ,god is mak+ ,satan to defeat himself1 & w br+ good to ! _w ev5 out ( ! wick$ "o's "w4 ,! sects ( ,h9duism ov]lap ea* o!r4 ,_m ,h9dus are atta*$ at ! same "t to sev]al sects1 & "s ( ! gods are wor%ip$ by all ! sects 9 common4 ,foll[+ ! national t5d5cy ( all hea!n religi\s sy/ems1 ,h9duism develop$ d[nw>ds4 ,sect aft] sect arose1 ea* call+ att5tion to "s "o prom95t po9t 9 _! fai?1 & sett+ all ! o!r po9ts f> 9 ! backgr\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bird',s-,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,! ,,h9du ,,temple ,,at ,,cawnpore4 ,dur+ all ! p]iod f #hjj to #ejj be=e ,*ri/1 ! ne$ ( mak+ peace (f]+s to ! gods 0 insi/$ ^u by c]ta9 sects4 ,accord+ to ! cre$ ( "o popul> sect1 = example1 if "o %\ld slay a hundr$ horses 9 sacrifice1 he w\ld be wor?y ( be+ exalt$ to ! rank ( a p[]ful god4 ,?\s&s ( animals1 pr9cipally horses1 c[s1 pigs1 & ! l1 7 sla9 e day at ?is "t4 ,! :ole l& 0 fill$ ) blood4 ,!n came ! reaction1 a new sect arose1 :o1 disgu/$ & we>i$ ( sacrifices & sacrific+ prie/s1 decl>$ all sacrifices z unnecess>y & displeas+ to ! gods4 ,! foll[]s ( ,kali1 ! goddess ( blood1 & especially ! ,?ugs1 :o came into prom95ce lat] on & :o are describ$ 9 connection ) ! wor%ip ( ,kali1 ( c\rse oppos$ ?is idea4 ,yet !y 7 unsuccessful1 _! rival sect rapidly ga9$ ! popul> favor1 &1 except at ,kali's alt>s1 sacrifices almo/ disappe>$4 ,! great re=m]1 ,buddha1 ! 8,light ( ,asia10 gave great assi/ance to ?is doctr9e4 ,he taught1 ab\t ! sev5? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 t x 0 ! duty ( man to pres]ve life1 & n to de/roy x4 ,! tea*+ t ! s\ls ( m5 aft] dea? pass$ into ! bodies ( animals also aid$ 9 ?is4 ,buddha's tea*+s ga9$ almo/ univ]sal acceptance 9 ,india = a "t2 x look$ z ?\gh x w\ld root out ,h9duism4 ,b gradually ! ,h9du prie/s br\ght ,buddhism back unto itself aga94 ,! prie/s decl>$ t ,gautama1 ! ,buddha1 0 an inc>nation ( ! god ,vi%nu1 & by ?is concession won _! way to ! he>ts ( ! p4 ,ea* ( ! gods _h _! own foll[]s1 &1 z may be imag9$1 ! sect t wor%ip$ ,vi%nu receiv$ _m new adh]5ts4 ,aft] ?is1 ,h9duism rapidly desc5d$ to its d>ke/1 deepe/ degradation4 ,prie/craft 0 ext5d$1 rites 7 multipli$1 & sup]/iti\s cu/oms increas$4 ,= long ye>s ! p groan$ "u _! heavy burd5s1 !n s\ght--z1 alas6 h[ (t5 !y s\ght1 b only to fail--to get back to ! high gr\nd ( a pur] religion4 ,re=m]s appe>$1 & ! p gladly & quickly ga!r$ ar\nd ^! re=m]s1 ?us =m+ new sects4 ,to set =? ! :ole hi/ory ( ^! sects w\ld require volume aft] volume4 ,9 a g5]al way1 we may say t !re are five l>ge sects3 ! foll[]s ( ,siva1 ( ,vi%nu1 ( ,sakta1 ! sun wor%ip]s1 & ! adh]5ts ( ,gane%a4 ,we might well add to ^!1 & to ! multitude ( m9or sects into :i* !y are divid$1 ! greate/ ( mod]n sects1 :i* is call$ ! ,brahmo-,somaj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sculptur$ ,,idols ,,on ,a ,,pill>4 ,9 ! ye> #aggd 0 born a man ( m>k$ ability1 nam$ ,rammohun ,roy4 ,he s\ght to suppress ! ,suttee1 ! burn+ ( ,h9du wid[s ) ! bodies ( _! dead husb&s4 ,he enc\rag$ native education & ! g5]al enlight5m5t ( ! :ole p4 ,he w5t back beyond ! tea*+s ( prie/s & ( ! mod]n sacr$ ,h9du books1 back to ! ,v$as1 & s\ght to prove t !y taught t idolatry 0 wrong1 & t "o god %\ld be wor%ip$4 ,to ?is ,supreme ,be+ he gave ! "n ( ,brahma1 & h5ce 8 sect ( re=m$ ,h9duism 0 call$ ! ,brahma or ,brahmo-,somaj1 or ,society ( ,god4 ,aft] 8 dea?1 sev]al o!r lead]s arose1 ! la/ ( :om1 ! ?ird f ,rammohun ,roy1 nam$ ,ke%ub ,*und] ,s51 01 p]haps1 mo/ 9 accord ) ! f\nd]'s _s4 ,he visit$ ,engl& lately4 ,"u 8 lead+ ! society is (f]+ an uncompromis+ opposition to ca/e1 idolatry & sup]/ition1 & is accompli%+ ! be/ results4 ,,pr9ciples ,,( ,,h9duism4 ,h9duism z a sy/em has no?+ to say ab\t mak+ m5 bett]1 x only tells ( means to make peace ) angry gods4 ,x speaks only ?reat5+ & fe>4 ,b worse ?an ?is--& x w\ld corrupt our pages to d m ?an m5tion x--mu* ( its wor%ip is vile2 vulg> images are common objects ( wor%ip 9 ,india4 ,its tea*+s z to ! next _w & ! way to rea* x are rem>kable4 ,!re is suppos$ to be a wide /ream betwe5 ?is _w & ! next1 & ! only way to cross is by hold+ on to ! tail ( ! sacr$ c[ :5 dy+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dy+ ,,brahm9 ,,hold+ ,,! ,,tail ,,( ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,c[1 ,,s ,,z ,,to ,,ent] ,,heav54 ,"o t]rible feature ( ,h9duism is ,ca/e4 ,e ,h9du *ild is born )9 a c]ta9 ca/e1 & above or bel[ t x c nev] g4 ,x is a mo/ rigid sy/em requir+ ! memb]s ( "o ca/e to h z little z possible to d ) ! memb]s ( ano!r4 ,! f\r pr9cipal ca/es are--! ,prie/ or ,brahm9 ca/e2 ! ,w>rior ca/e2 ! ,m]*ant ca/e2 ! ,sudras1 or ,s]vile ca/e2 besides ^! are ! ,p>iahs1 :o are bel[ all ca/e4 ,"s ( ! ca/es di/+ui% !mselves by ! cut & color ( _! dress1 "s by ! way 9 :i* _! g>m5ts are put on1 "s by a peculi> m>k on ! =ehead1 "s by ! jewels or ornam5ts !y we>4 ,! b\nds ( ^! ca/es are fix$ & immovable4 ,no "o1 h[ev]1 ri*1 or le>n$1 or skillful1 c rise above 8 ca/e1 no "o1 h[ev] poor1 or degrad$1 or vici\s1 s9ks bel[ 8 ca/e4 ,ea* ca/e looks up to ^? above x1 & conc$es its sup]iority4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,ca/e-,,m>k$ ,,brahm9 ,,at ,,8 ,,devotions4 ,a ,brahm9 :o _h become a ,*ri/ian1 once told a celebrat$ travel]1 t ! p ( l[] ca/es ?an 8 own _h (t5 ask$ him to /op & wa% 8 feet 9 ! wat] ( ! /reet1 s t !y might dr9k x6 ,! :ole sy/em1 ?is travel] goes on to say1 is a cold & cruel ?+1 :i* h>d5s ! he>t aga9/ natural compassion4 ,aga9/ its oppression !re is no p[] ( resi/ance2 x ext+ui%es e elem5t ( human bro!rhood4 ,h9duism is1 take x all & all1 "o ( ! vile/1 mo/ despotic1 mo/ degrad+ sy/ems ( religion4 ,9 almo/ e o!r fai? !re is "s r$eem+ feature2 9 ,h9duism we seek 9 va9 to f9d any elem5t ( tru?4 ,!re is no?+ 9 x wor?y ( be+ plac$ 9 comp>ison ) ,*ri/ianity4 ,yet ! task ( p]suad+ ! ,h9du p ( ?is is a v difficult "o4 ,! mission>y seems z b a y\?ful ,david ) 8 sl+ & /ones 9 ! pres5ce ( ?is v ,golia? ( ,hea!nism4 ,b he has ,god /&+ ) him1 & by ,8 aid ! "w w f9ally be successful4 ,illu/ration3 ,,god ,,( ,,hell1 ,,f ,a ,,h9du ,,picture4 ,,human ,,be+s ,,kill$ ,,9 ,,sacrifice4 ,v e>ly 9 ! hi/ory ( ! ,h9du religion1 human be+s 7 sacrific$ to ! gods4 ,bo? *ildr5 & adults 7 sla9 be=e ,kali's alt>s1 especially4 ,sacrifice ( human be+s is ref]r$ to 9 ! sacr$ books2 = in/ance1 x appe>s 9 ! foll[+ ,brahmana3 ,k+ ,h>isc&ra _h no son2 he !n pray$ to ,v>una1 promis+1 t if a son 7 born to him1 he w\ld sacrifice ! *ild to ! god4 ,!n a son 0 born to him call$ ,rohita4 ,:5 ,rohita 0 gr[n up1 8 fa!r "o day told him ( ! v[ he _h made to ,v>una & bade him prep>e to be sacrific$4 ,! son decl9$ to be kill$1 & ran away f 8 fa!r's h\se4 ,= six ye>s he w&]$ 9 ! =e/ & at la/ met a />v+ ,brahm94 ,him he p]suad$ to sell "o ( 8 sons nam$ ,sunahsepha1 = a hundr$ c[s4 ,?is boy 0 b\ght by ,rohita & tak5 to ,h>isc&ra & 0 ab\t to be sacrific$ to ,v>una z a sub/itute = ,rohita4 ,at ?is mom5t1 on pray+ to ! gods ) v]ses f ! ,v$a1 ! boy 0 releas$4 ,"s ( ! ,h9du gods are1 9 accord ) ?is idea1 horrible imag9ations1 z ! god ( ,hell4 ,9 contra/ ) su*1 is ,amadeo1 god ( ,love1 ! cupid god ( ! ,h9dus4 ,illu/ration3 ,,amadeo1 ,,god ,,( ,,love4 ,b ! ,h9dus 7 av]se to human sacrifice1 & s !y f\nd a way to get ar\nd x4 ,!y introduc$ ?is passage into _! sacr$ books3 ,! gods kill$ a man = _! victim4 ,b f him ?us kill$1 ! "p :i* 0 fit = a sacrifice w5t out & ent]$ a horse4 ,!nce ! horse became an animal fit = be+ sacrific$4 ,! gods !n kill$ ! horse1 b ! "p ( x fit = be+ sacrifi$ w5t out ( x & ent]$ an ox4 ,! gods !n kill$ ! ox1 b ! "p ( x fit = be+ sacrific$ w5t out ( x & ent]$ a %eep4 ,!nce x ent]$ a goat4 ,! sacrificial "p rema9$ = ! longe/ "t 9 ! goat2 !nce1 x became pre-em95tly fit = be+ sacrific$6 ,,woman',s ,,life ,,9 ,,india4 ,e "o ( ! hea!n religions m or less degrades woman4 ,(t5 %e is made ! slave ( man1 or1 worse /ill1 ! creature to m9i/] to 8 appetites4 ,only ,*ri/ianity seeks to lift woman to ! level ( man4 ,wom5 9 ,*ri/ian l&s r>ely ev] appreciate ! l[ condition ( _! ,ori5tal si/]s4 ,9 ,india1 woman's condition is worse ?an 9 ,*9a1 & 9 ,*9a worse ?an 9 ,japan4 ,9 ! e>ly religi\s writ+s ( ! ,h9dus1 woman is spok5 ( ) respect2 b 9 lat] days ^? tea*+s h be5 all b =gott54 ,inde$1 ! degradation ( woman 9 ,india--n m]ely sanction$1 b comm&$1 by ! ,h9du religion--is )\t a p>allel 9 any age & among any o!r race4 ,accord+ to ! ,code ( ,manu1 ! law-book ( ! ,h9du religion1 woman is =bidd5 to read ! sacr$ books or to (f] up pray]s or sacrifices 9 h] own "n & p]son4 ,%e may pray & wor%ip1 b only z h] fa!r or husb& directs4 ,woman is reg>d$ z hav+ no s\l1 diff]+ f ! bea/s only 9 be+ m intellig5t ?an !y4 ,moreov]1 %e is comm&$ to rev]e h] husb& z a god4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tea*+ ,a ,,*ild ,,to ,,wor%ip ,,gane%a1 ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,wisdom4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*ild ,,br++ ,,an ,,(f]+ ,,to ,,! ,,idol ,,( ,a ,,bull4 ,if a ,brahm91 or prie/1 happ5s to be read+ ! ,v$as 7! sacr$ ,h9du books71 & a woman happ5s to come ne>1 he mu/ susp5d 8 read+ until %e pass by4 ,h] e> is n pure en\gh to he> ! sacr$ ^w1 !y say4 ,!y 7 kept seclud$ f sight 9 ill-furni%$ ap>tm5ts2 really1 !y 7 kept prison]s 9 ! z5anas1 z _! ap>tm5ts 7 call$4 ,only rec5tly has ! condition ( ! wom5 ( ,india be5 expos$4 ,mission>y ladies1 by tak+ ! occasion ( tea*+ wom5 h[ to knit & embroid]1 manag$ to secure an entrance to ! z5anas4 ,tale aft] tale 0 told ( ! pitiful condition ( ! ,h9du wom54 ,^! 7 d\bt$1 que/ion$ & exam9$2 b inve/igation confirm$ _! tru?4 ,:at is ! picture t is drawn by ^! fai?ful p5s ( ! ,h9du woman's life f ! cradle to ! grave8 ,girls are nev] welcom$ 9 ,india4 ,=m]ly a l>ge numb] 7 de/roy$ at bir?1 b n[ ! ,briti% gov]nm5t prev5ts t4 ,b !y are z badly (f1 9 _m cases worse1 ?an if dead4 ,_! v exi/5ce is almo/ unnotic$ by _! fa!r4 ,ask a ,h9du h[ _m *ildr5 he has--suppos+ t he h ?ree sons & f\r daught]s--he w reply1 8,i h ?ree *ildr510 n ?9k+ x wor? :ile to c\nt 8 daught]s4 ,=m]ly at lea/ sev5ty-five out ( e hundr$ female infants 7 de/roy$4 ,^! infants 7 g5]ally ca/ to ! crocodiles 9 ! ,ganges1 &1 /range to say1 ! "m ?\ght %e 0 s]v+ ,heav5 9 do+ ?is unnatural de$4 ,! great l+ui/1 ,dr4 ,john ,leyd51 has writt53 8,to glut ! %>k & crocodile ,a "m br\ght h] infant "h2 ,%e saw its t5d]1 playful smile1 ,%e %$ n "o mat]nal te>4 ,%e ?rew x on a wat]y bi]2 ,) gr9d+ tee? sea-mon/]s tore ,! smil+ infant t %e bore4 ,%e %runk n once its cries to he>60 ,f *ildhood !y are taught to wor%ip ! idols1 especially ,gane%a1 ! god ( wisdom1 & s ! /one bulls4 ,aft] a little girl has rea*$ h] fif? bir?day1 h] p>5ts beg9 to look = a husb& = h]4 ,%e c be m>ri$ :5 sev5 ye>s old1 b may wait until %e is t54 ,! idea ( m>ry+ = love is nev] dream$ (4 ,! little "o nev] makes h] own *oice ( a husb&4 ,h] m>ri$ life be>s n ! slighte/ resemblance to ! life ( a wife 9 a ,*ri/ian l&4 ,! ,%a/]s decl>e t a wife1 8,:5 9 ! pres5ce ( h] husb&1 mu/ keep h] eyes ^u h] ma/]1 & be ready to receive 8 comm&s4 ,:5 he speaks1 %e mu/ be quiet1 & li/5 to no?+ else besides2 :5 he calls1 %e mu/ leave ev]y?+ else1 & att5d ^u him alone4 ,a woman has no o!r god on e>? b h] husb&4 ,! mo/ excell5t ( all good works t %e c p]=m is to gratify him ) ! /ricte/ ob$i5ce4 ,?is %\ld be h] only devotion4 ,?\gh he be ag$1 infirm1 dissipat$1 a drunk>d or a debau*ee1 %e mu/ /ill reg>d him z h] god4 ,%e mu/ s]ve him ) all h] might1 obey+ him 9 all ?+s1 spy+ no defects 9 8 "*1 & giv+ him no cause = disquiet4 ,if he laughs1 %e mu/ laugh2 if he weeps1 %e mu/ weep2 if he s+s1 %e mu/ be 9 an ec/asy40 ,! wife may nev] walk ) h] husb&4 ,no o!r man ?an he or h] fa!r or bro!rs mu/ ev] look on h] face4 ,a ,h9du woman w\ld r die ?an to be ?us defil$1 z !y are taught to reg>d x4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9du ,,woman4 ,woman 9 ,india is 9 ! p[] ( h] husb& completely2 %e is 8 slave1 & mu/ wait on 8 e motion4 ,worse ?an ?is1 %e is n ! only wife1 = ,h9duism p]mits a man to h _m wives4 ,:5 h] husb& dies1 ! wife is m unhappy ?an ev]4 ,all h] ornam5ts & beautiful clo?+ are tak5 f h]1 & only a poor1 co>se1 br[n robe is left2 h] black hair is %orn (f1 & ! tali--answ]+ to our m>riage-r+--is tak5 f h]4 ,h5ce=?1 if %e live1 %e mu/ practice ! sev]e/ p5ance4 ,(t51 be=e ! ,briti% gov]nm5t put a /op to x1 ! wid[ 0 burn$ alive ) ! dead body ( h] husb&4 ,= all ?is degradation & mis]y & %ameless treatm5t ( wom5 ,h9duism is responsible4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,h9du ,,temples1 ,,idols ,,& ,,wor%ip4 ,a ?\s& pilgrims /ra9 ,arm1 %\ld]1 brea/ & ?igh1 ) might & ma91 ,to drag t sacr$ wa91 ,& sc>ce c draw ! enorm\s load1 ,prone fall ! frantic vot>ies 9 its road1 ,& call+ on ! god1 ,_! self-devot$ bodies !re !y lay ,to pave 8 *>iot-way4 ,on ,jaga-,naut !y call1 ,! pond]\s c> rolls on1 & cru%es all4 ,,rob]t ,,s\!y4 ,e city ( ,india has its temples by ! hundr$s1 9 "s cases by ! ?\s&s4 ,on all ! hills1 9 all ! valleys1 scatt]$ ov] all ! fields1 9 ! d5se/ jungles or op5 pla9s are temples1 %r9es & idols4 ,! riv]s are sacr$1 trees are wor%ip$ & v _m animals receive religi\s rev]5ce4 ,! temple-c\rts are fill$ ) *att]+ monkeys1 & "h & !re we see ! sacr$ bulls1 g>l&$ ) fl[]s & f$ by ! devotees4 ,!re is no end1 seem+ly1 to _! temples & idols4 ,probably no c\ntry 9 ! _w has m ( ^! ?an ,india4 ,x is "o ( ! m>ks ( hea!nism to multiply ! objects & places ( wor%ip4 ,( c\rse1 we _c "h make m5tion ( all ^!1 we c b describe a few ( ! m important1 :i* may s]ve z specim5s ( ! re/4 ,,idols ,,& ,,temples ,,( ,,jugg]naut4 ,jugg]naut is a celebrat$ god4 ,he is call$ ! 8,"l ( ! _w40 ,8 images are z ugly z c be conceiv$4 ,g5]ally !y are made ( wood2 9 "s temples plac$ ?ree toge!r1 "o ( blue1 "o ( :ite & "o ( yell[4 ,jugg]naut has _m temples2 ! "o at ,puri1 on ! we/]n %ore ( ! ,bay ( ,b5gal1 be+ ! l>ge/1 & e/eem$ ! mo/ holy4 ,?is pagoda /&s at ! end ( ! pr9cipal /reet ( ! city1 :i* is v wide1 & l9$ ) dwell+s = ! prie/s1 small %r9es & o!r sacr$ build+s4 ,! wall :i* surr\nds ! temple is #ba feet high1 & =ms an inclosure #fej feet on ea* side4 ,! pr9cipal edifice rises to ! height ( #ahd feet4 ,! ma9 gate-way is cr[d$ ) ,fakirs4 ,on ea* side ( ! entrance is a mammo? lion4 ,j be=e ! visitor1 z he ent]s1 is an image ( ! monkey-god1 ,hanuman4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,mo/ ,,sacr$ ,,temple ,,( ,,jugg]naut ,,at ,,puri4 ,! temple is d$icat$ to ,kri%na1 or ,jugg]naut1 7sometimes writt5 ,jagan-na?17 & 8 companions--,siva & ,sa?adra4 ,! idols ( ea* are rude1 hide\s-look+ sculptur$ blocks ( wood1 ea* ab\t six feet high4 ,! repres5tations ( ! human face 9 ^! idols are hide\s4 ,kri%na is pa9t$ d>k blue1 ,siva :ite & ,sa?adra yell[4 ,be=e ! alt> an image ( ! hawk-god1 ,g>\nda1 is plac$4 ,e day1 we are told1 ! idols are fea/$4 ,_! food consi/s ( #daj p\nds ( rice1 #bbe p\nds ( fl\r1 #cej p\nds ( butt]1 #afg p\nds ( treacle1 #fe p\nds ( vegetables1 #ahf p\nds ( milk1 #bd p\nds ( spices1 #cd p\nds ( salt & #da p\nds ( oil4 ,:ile ! food is be+ plac$ be=e ! gods1 all b a favor$ few are exclud$ f ! temple1 & ! doors are %ut4 ,!re are ov] #bj1jjj holy m5 connect$ ) ?is temple1 & we c easily guess t !y help ! idols to get rid ( ?is great mass ( food1 at any rate x all spe$ily disappe>s4 ,! idols1 /range z x may seem1 are wa%$ & dress$ daily ) great s]i\sness4 ,illu/ration3 ,h4 ,melville1 ,pa9t]4 ,illman ,bro!rs1 ,engrav]s ,pr9t]s4 ,,! ,,h9du ,,"m4 ,,engrav$ ,,expressly ,,= ,,error',s ,,*a9s ,illu/ration3 ,,siva4 ,,sa?adra4 ,,kri%na4 ,,wor%ip ,,9 ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,kri%na1 ,,or ,,jugg]naut4 ,! ,hawk ,god1 ,g>\nda1 is se5 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9du ,,devotees ,,dragg+ ,,jugg]naut',s ,,c> ,,& ,,immolat+ ,,!mselves4 ,on ! #ah? ( ,june ,jugg]naut's great fe/ival occurs4 ,=m]ly great multitudes assembl$ at ?is "t f e "p ( ! l&4 ,m51 wom5 & *ildr5 9 cr[ds ?rong$ to ! city days 9 advance1 & wait$ ) impati5ce = ! fe/ival day to come4 ,! ,c>-88 ,fe/ival celebrat$ at ,puri is usually att5d$ by m ?an #ejj1jjj pilgrims1 ne>ly half ( :om are females4 ,!re is great suff]+ among ^! pilgrims1 & _m ( !m die 9 consequ5ce ( excessive fatigue1 exposure to ! annual ra9s1 & ! want ( suitable & suffici5t food4 ,! pla9s1 9 _m places1 are lit]ally :it5$ ) _! bones1 :ile dogs & vultures are cont9ually dev\r+ ! bodies ( ! dead4 ,at ! appo9t$ "t ea* idol 0 wa%$1 dress$ 9 silk & gold1 & plac$ ^u 8 triumphal c>4 ,! c> ( ,jugg]naut consi/s ( an elevat$ plat=m1 ?irty-f\r feet squ>e1 support$ by sixte5 :eels1 ea* six & a half feet 9 diamet]4 ,x is cov]$ ) clo? ( gold & co/ly /uffs1 & a ,jugg]naut is plac$ "u a canopy4 ,six ropes1 or cables1 #cjj feet 9 l5g?1 are atta*$ to ! c>1 by means ( :i* ! p draw x f place to place4 ,! :ole c> is cov]$ ) sculptures 9 ! ,h9du /yle4 ,?\s&s seize ^! ropes1 z _m z c\ld get hold4 ,9 _! fanatical fr5zy !y cr[d$ & %\ld]$ & %ov$ "o ano!r1 c\nt+ !mselves happy if !y c\ld only lay a h& on ! ropes4 ,! ,c>-,fe/ival 0 ! great ev5t ( ! religi\s ye> ( ! wor%ip]s ( ,jugg]naut4 ,its object 0 to convey ,jugg]naut f ! temple to 8 c\ntry h\se1 a mile di/ant4 ,:5 ! image 0 plac$ 9 ! c> ! multitude fell on _! knees & b[$ _! =eheads 9 ! du/4 ,z ! c> began to advance ! drums beat & cymbals cla%$1 :ile f its plat=m ! prie/s %\t$1 h>angu$ & sang songs1 :i* 7 receiv$ ) applause by ! multitude4 ,& s ! d5se mass1 tugg+1 sweat+1 s++1 pray+1 dragg$ ! c> sl[ly along4 ,"s 7 knock$ d[n & trampl$ ^u1 & "s 7 accid5tally cru%$ by ! pond]\s :eels1 :ile a few1 mo/ly ^? :o 7 sick or 9 mu* tr\ble1 s\ght dea? by ?r[+ !mselves 9 ! way ( ! :eels1 ?is latt] be+ enc\rag$ by "s ( ! prie/s4 ,! prie/s & prie/esses *ant$ songs 9 praise ( ! gods1 ! multitudes flung fl[]s & o!r gifts ab\t ! c>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,idol ,,jugg]naut ,,usually ,,c>ri$ ,,on ,,! ,,c>4 ,su* 0 ! ,great ,c>-,fe/ival ( ,jugg]naut 9 anci5t days4 ,( late ye>s x has lo/ mu* ( its popul>ity1 & ?\gh ?\s&s /ill att5d annually1 x is n[ look$ ^u m z an annual fair ?an a religi\s fe/ival4 ,! devotees are n half s zeal\s z =m]ly1 & ! prie/s f9d almo/ no "o to drag ! c>4 ,no long] d any self-made victims fall b5ea? its :eels1 unless x be "s poor1 weak wret*1 tir$ ( life & desir+ ?us to commit suicide4 ,! ,briti% gov]nm5t has caus$ mu* ( ?is *ange1 b m has be5 done by ! influ5ce :i* ,*ri/ian mission>ies h ex]t$ ^u ! p4 ,! 8,"l ( ! ,_w10 z !y call ?is idol1 %all yet b[ be=e ! ,"l ( ,lords4 ,f ?is acc\nt ( ,jugg]naut & 8 wor%ip "o _c fail to see ! t]rible degradation :i* ,h9duism imposes on its devotees4 ,t ,god %\ld be deem$ to be fitly repres5t$ by su* ugly conceptions z are se5 9 ^! idols is evid5ce ( a mo/ degrad$ sy/em ( religion4 ,/ill m s is ! tea*+ ( ! prie/s1 t ,god actually lives 9 "s sub/ance 9 ! idol's he>t4 ,contra/ ?is ) ! tea*+s ( ! ,bible conc]n+ ,him :om ! heav5 ( heav5s _c conta96 ,jugg]naut's wor%ip]s reg>d him z a ?+ :om !y are to keep f gett+ angry by pett+ him & c>+ = & fe$+ z = a little *ild2 t ,he is a be+ :o ne$s su* ?+s z clo?+ to protect & food to su/a9 ,him1 & :o ne$s to be wa%$1 & to retire to a summ] resort to escape ! summ]'s heat4 ,illu/ration3 ,,disrob+ ,,& ,,disjo9t+ ,,jugg]naut4 ,a /rik+ illu/ration ( ! inf]iority ( idols is giv5 9 ! incid5t pictur$ bel[4 ,sev]al conv]ts f ,h9duism conclud$ to undress & disjo9t _! idol1 & f9ally !y *opp$ up ! sev]al p>ts & us$ !m = firewood1 ?us m ?an fulfill+ ! words ( ,isaiah 7*ap4 xliv41 #i-bj71 :o tells ( idolat]s mak+ an idol ( p>ts ( _! wood & burn+ ! residue to w>m !mselves & to roa/ _! meat4 ,,kali1 ,,! ,,goddess ,,( ,,blood4 ,kali is a v popul> goddess1 & yet h] images are ! pictures ( t]ror4 ,%e we>s a head-dress ( snakes1 & a necklace consi/+ ( a *a9 ( skulls4 ,9 h] h& %e holds a murd]\s-look+ knife4 ,kali is ! wife ( ,siva1 ! de/roy]4 ,9 ,septemb] a fe/ival is held 9 h] honor1 call$ ! ,doorga-pooja4 ,9 all ( ,kali's temples h] idols are gayly adorn$ ) fl[]s1 & pray]s are (f]$ to h] dur+ days ( danc+ & s++4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,goddess ,,kali4 ,illu/ration3 ,,idol ,,( ,,! ,,bloody ,,goddess ,,kali4 ,,at ,,calcutta1 ,,india4 ,!re us$ to be a sect ( murd]\s /rangl]s1 kn[n z ,?ugs1 :o 7 especially devot$ to ! wor%ip ( ,kali1 & :o p]=m$ _! murd]\s "w z a religi\s s]vice to t goddess4 ,! /ory ( ?is p op5s up a *apt] ( ! greate/ cruelty1 go+ f> beyond all ! ord9>y records ( crime4 ,yet x 0 all done f a religi\s motive1 z well z = love ( plund]4 ,/range t x c\ld be s6 ,! leg5d t acc\nts = _! orig9 is z foll[s3 ,a long :ile ago a giant demon infe/$ ?is _w de/roy+ mank9d4 ,! goddess ,kali1 to save mank9d f utt] de/ruction1 attack$ ?is demon & cut him d[n2 b f ! drops ( blood t fell to ! gr\nd imm$iately !re sprang up o!r demons--a ho/ ( !m4 ,!n ,kali creat$ two m51 to :om %e gave h&k]*iefs1 & :om %e taught to /rangle ! demons )\t %$d+ blood4 ,?is 0 done1 le/ if _! blood be %$ m demons %\ld spr+ up4 ,kali int5d$ 9 ?is way to de/roy ! :ole brood4 ,:5 ^! m5 _h /rangl$ all ! demons1 %e bade !m /rangle m5 9 ! same way1 to repay h] = h] s]vice to mank9d4 ,f ^! two m5 ! ,?ugs came4 ,illu/ration3 ,,night ,,fea/ ,,( ,,! ,,bloody ,,goddess1 ,,kali4 ,! ,?ugs 7 born su*2 at ea* "o's he>?/one 8 *ildr5 7 tra9$ to ! "w ( becom+ murd]]s4 ,! h&k]*ief ) :i* ! victim 0 /rangl$1 & ! pick-axe ) :i* 8 grave 0 dug1 7 obta9$ f ! prie/1 & 7 reg>d$ z v sacr$4 ,_! me?od ( proc$ure 0 l ?is3 ,!y wait$ ab\t ! inns or loit]$ along ! roads wait+ = travel]s to ov]take !m4 ,! ,?ug & 8 int5d$ victim w\ld j\rney toge!r1 &1 little by little1 he w\ld worm out ( him all 8 plans & int5d$ movem5ts4 ,?us ! ,?ug c\ld decide on ! mo/ suitable place & "t4 ,:5 !y came to ?is1 he w\ld ?r[ 8 /rip ( clo? ab\t ! unsuspect+ /rang]'s neck & draw x tight] & tight] until he 0 suffocat$4 ,if ! ,?ugs travel$ toge!r ) a p>ty ( m]*ants1 ea* select$ 8 victim1 & all 7 /rangl$ toge!r4 ,aft] dea? a hole1 ab\t ?ree feet deep1 0 dug1 & ! corpse 0 buri$ face d[nw>ds4 ,! greate/ c>e 0 tak5 to %$ no blood1 & ! :ole 0 g5]ally done "u cov] ( ! d>kness ( night4 ,! :ole sect 0 s b&$ toge!r1 hav+ _! sc\ts & spies1 & sy/ems ( signal+ "o ano!r1 :5 !y p]=m$ _! "w1 t !y 7 r>ely detect$4 ,e ye> sev]al ?\s&s ( p]sons lo/ _! lives at ! h&s ( ! ,?ugs4 ,9 ! ye> #ahbf ! ,briti% gov]nm5t fir/ discov]$ _! exi/5ce4 ,dur+ ! p]iod ( "s n9e ye>s ov] fifte5 hundr$ ( ! ,?ugs 7 arre/$ & execut$4 ,! sect is v ne>ly de/roy$ n[4 ,h[ a/oni%+ t su* a sect %\ld n m]ely exi/1 b t !y %\ld p]=m _! da/>dly de$s z a religi\s s]vice4 ,! cannibalism ( ! b>b>\s ,s\? ,sea ,isl&]s is reg>d$ ) ! greate/ abhorr5ce2 b _! ignorance & degrad$ condition less5s our condemnation ( _! abom9able de$s4 ,= ! ,?ugs1 an intellig5t p1 liv+ 9 a semi-civiliz$ l&1 ) opportunities ( gett+ k f> 9 advance ( ! ,isl&]s ( ! ,pacific1 we c see almo/ no reason = hesitat+ to condemn mo/ /rongly _! awful practices4 ,:at a contra/ is "h furni%$ betwe5 ! religion ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ) its tea*+s ( m]cy & love1 & ! religion t n only tol]at$1 b ev5 taught1 t to murd] 0 to r5d] a s]vice to ! gods4 ,illu/ration3 ,,goddess ,,kali1 ,,f ,a ,,h9du ,,picture4 ,kali's fea/s 7 g5]ally held at night4 ,great cr[ds ( religi\s fanatics ga!r$ ar\nd h] mo/ fe>ful images4 ,^! 7 g5]ally plac$ 9 a grove = ?is occasion4 ,9 two ( h] f\r h&s ! idol held skulls2 =m]ly ^! 7 human skulls1 n[ !y are made ( wood4 ,! devotees walk r\nd & r\nd ! idol1 be>+ tor*es1 beat+ drums1 & danc+ 9 odd ways4 ,kali is "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ goddesses ( all ! ,h9du wor%ip1 & is ! especial favorite div9ity ( ! p ( ,calcutta4 ,h] images are v diff]5t1 b %e has always "o "* ascrib$ to h]2 %e is cruel & rev5geful4 ,we meet h] temples ev]y:]e--by ! roadside1 9 palm groves1 "u ! wide-spread+ banyan tree4 ,?is goddess ( de/ruction be+ m fe>$ ?an all o!rs1 is wor%ip$ m ?an all4 ,%e is repres5t$ sometimes z /&+ on a lion or a pro/rate man1 always ) f\r h&s4 ,^! hold knives or skulls1 or1 p]haps1 human heads1 z already notic$4 ,(t5 %e we>s a necklace ( skulls4 ,! ,h9dus br+ to h] idols ! fir/ fruits ( ! g>d51 v9ey>d or or*>d4 ,"s ( ,kali's temples1 l t at ,calcutta1 are beautifully sculptur$1 & h] idols decorat$ ) preci\s-/ones4 ,,temple ,,decorations4 ,!re is "o ?+ :i* *>act]izes almo/ all ( ! bett] ,h9du temples1 ?is is ! exquisite ri*ness ( ! sculptures :i* decorate _! walls4 ,!y seem to tru/ m to ! impression :i* appeals to ! sight make ^u ! m9ds ( ! p ?an to any oral tea*+ or read+s f books4 ,! ,h9dus are accu/om$ to depict 9 ^! decorations ! :ole ( _! my?ology1 ! leg5ds ( ! gods1 ! /ories ( ! lives ( _! deities1 _! ideas ( ! future life1 ( ! pres5t _w & ! l4 ,! prec$+ picture gives a sculpture repres5t+ ! ,h9du notion ( ! univ]se1 & ( ! relative position ( ! _w4 ,to ! untutor$ ,h9du m9d x answ]s fully ! "q1 ,h[ is ! _w upheld8 ,( c\rse ^? ,h9dus :o h receiv$ ! light ( a truly sci5tific education laugh at su* notions z are "h indicat$4 ,!y "k f> bett]1 z d we4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9du ,,notion ,,( ,,! ,,univ]se4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gold5 ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,h9dus ,,( ,,umritsur4 ,illu/ration3 ,,entablature ,,f ,a ,,h9du ,,temple4 ,9 ! accompany+ engrav+ ! transmigration ( ! s\l is illu/rat$4 ,?is is drawn f a photograph ( ! entablature ( a temple ne> ! foot ( ! l(ty ,himalayas4 ,! sculpture :i* foll[s tells ( ! romantic adv5tures n>rat$ 9 ! ,ramayama4 ,^! sculptures are ! common p's tea*]s2 inde$1 ! _w ov]1 ! language ( pictures is f> m lov$ & bett] und]/ood ?an any o!r4 ,pictures & sculptures con/itute ! "o language intelligible to p speak+ widely diff]5t dialects4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ildr5 ,,at ,,wor%ip ,,9 ,a ,,temple ,,9 ,,b5>es4 ,h]e91 too1 is "o ( ! great p[]s ( hea!nism ov] ! *ildr54 ,be=e !y c read = !mselves or rememb] ! doctr9es taught !m1 !y see ! pictures & enjoy ! /ories !y communicate4 ,^! become "p ( ! *ildr5's m5tal /ore4 ,!y are realities to !m4 ,!y are nev] =gott54 ,!y nev] lose _! p[]4 ,?is is abundantly demon/rat$ 9 ! exp]i5ce ( e tea*]4 ,:5 v]bal description has fail$ a picture has made all cle>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bas-,,relief ,,f ,a ,,h9du ,,temple4 ,,b5>es4 ,true ,h9dus consid] ! city ( ,b5>es to be situat$ 9 ! v c5tre ( ! e>?1 & to be ! mo/ sacr$ city 9 ! _w4 ,!re are n less ?an #hj1jjj ,brahm9s1 or 8holy ca/e0 ,h9dus1 resid+ "h1 & ! city also is /ock$ ) ! s-call$ 8sacr$ bulls & sacr$ monkeys40 ,!re are m ?an #a1jjj temples & ov] #ejj1jjj en%r9$ deities4 ,m ?an #ajj1jjj pilgrims visit ,b5>es annually1 #bj1jjj ( :om may be se5 ru%+ at "o "t into ! ,riv] ,ganges1 at a giv5 signal1 t !y may ba! at ! prop] mom5t4 ,! riv] is rea*$ by flights ( broad /eps1 & on ^! ! ,h9dus pass ! busie/ h\rs ( ! day1 ba?+1 dress+1 say+ _! pray]s1 l\ng+ & gossip+4 ,b5>es is believ$ by "s to be #hj1jjj /eps ne>] to heav5 ?an any o!r "p ( ! _w4 ,t5 miles ar\nd ,b5>es is said to be su* holy gr\nd1 t :oev] dies )9 ?is area is sure ( go+ to heav51 h[ev] great a s9n] he may h be54 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,city ,,( ,,! ,,sikhs4 ,umritsur1 9 ,nor?-we/]n ,india1 is ! holy city ( ! ,sikhs4 ,?is is a sect ( re=m$ ,h9dus1 :o at fir/ reject$ idolatry1 b :o aft]w>ds f\nd its fasc9ation too /rong = !m4 ,9 ! c5tre ( a l>ge tank--call$ ! ,lake ( ,immortality1 because :oev] ba!s 9 x is %ield$ f ev]la/+ dea?--is a temple ( pure :ite m>ble1 ) a ro( made ( plates ( copp]1 ri*ly gild$2 ?is is call$ ! ,gold5 ,temple4 ,be=e cross+ ! bridge or causeway to ! temple1 "o mu/ put (f ! %oes f 8 feet1 s holy is ! place4 ,! ,sikhs are v fanatical1 & !y d n receive visitors ) any expressions ( fri5dl9ess4 ,! city ( ,umritsur has no celebrity ap>t f ?is temple4 ,! sect ( ! ,sikhs orig9at$ ab\t ! middle ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 & n[ numb]s ab\t #e1jjj1jjj4 ,illu/ration3 ,,approa* ,,to ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,umritsur4 ,,cave-,,temples ,,( ,,elephanta ,,& ,,gwalior4 ,9 ! h>bor ( ,bombay is an isl& conta9+ a celebrat$ cave-temple4 ,hundr$s ( ye>s ago ! ,h9dus excavat$ ?is temple f ! solid rock2 pill>s1 idols & *apels are all cut f ! "o great mass ( /one4 ,= ?ree hundr$ ye>s pa/ !re has be5 little wor%ip "h4 ,! temple 0 devot$ to ! wor%ip ( ,siva4 ,aft] asc5d+ a flight ( sev]al hundr$ /eps we /& be=e ! great squ>e gate-ways4 ,imm5se columns rang+ away 9 ! d>kness support ! ro( ( solid rock4 ,on ! walls are sculptur$ ! fanta/ic =ms ( ,brahma1 ,vi%nu & ,siva4 ,! metamorphoses ( ^! are also %[n 9 sculpture4 ,! cave is %ap$ l a cross4 ,at ! end ( ! ma9 passage-way1 opposite ! pr9cipal gate-way1 is an alt> support+ a gigantic1 ?ree-head$ idol4 ,! c5tral face is calm & b5evol5t1 ! =ehead is cov]$ ) a l(ty diadem1 l a mitre1 cov]$ ) delicate c>v+s repres5t+ necklaces4 ,! face on ! "r expresses t]rible rage2 its mitre is cov]$ ) sculptur$ skulls & s]p5ts1 & its out/ret*$ h& holds a cobra4 ,! o!r face is smil+ & ! h& holds a fl[]4 ,! triple idol repres5ts ,siva z ! passive god1 ! de/roy+ god & ! sav+ god4 ,! sculptures are mu* worn away1 b en\gh rema9s to indicate ! wondr\s maje/y & beauty ( ! ,elephanta ,cave4 ,illu/ration3 ,,great ,,idol ,,( ,,! ,,cave ,,( ,,m&>4 ,,india4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cave ,,( ,,elephanta4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,wond]fully ,,excavat$ ,,temple-,,cave ,,( ,,elephanta1 ,,bombay1 ,,india4 ,at ,gwalior are a numb] ( ,h9du temple-caves4 ,! precipit\s sides ( ! great m\nta9 are cut & c>v$ into hundr$s ( /atues1 f "o foot to =ty feet high1 & deep recesses 9 :i* !y seem hidd5 away4 ,"o ( ^! caves 0 probably made ab\t #cjj ye>s aft] ,*ri/4 ,aft] pass+ ?r\gh sev]al ar*ways we /& be=e ?ree idols1 ea* tw5ty feet high4 ,! wor%ip ( ^! has long s9ce ceas$1 & !y only rema9 to %[ u :at ! p ( ,india wor%ip$ hundr$s ( ye>s ago4 ,m ?an a ?\s& ye>s be=e ?is cave 0 excavat$1 & ov] tw5ty-five hundr$ ye>s ago1 ano!r great cave 0 prep>$ at ,gwalior1 t ( ,our:ai4 ,?is is an old ,ja9 temple4 ,= ab\t #hjj feet1 ! h>d surface ( ! rock has be5 dress$ s z to =m a smoo? wall1 & ! l[] "p ( ?is wall has be5 excavat$1 & !re ! /atues 7 sculptur$4 ,fir/ !re are n9e gigantic /atues1 ea* ?irty feet high1 plac$ 9 ni*es4 ,beh9d ^! is a small *amb] conta9+ ano!r great /atue 9 a ly+ position4 ,f ?is *amb] a door leads into a tank4 ,foll[+ ! pav$ foot-pa? :i* surr\nds ?is tank1 y come to ano!r & l>g] *amb]1 :i* is specially d$icat$ to ! /atue ( ,ad9a?1 ?irty-five feet high4 ,ar\nd ! idol are ri* sculptures1 & on ! cu%ion on :i* x sits is a long inscription4 ,?is m\nta9 conta9s twelve rooms1 9 ea* ( :i* are f "o to n9e /atues2 mo/ ( ^! are f tw5ty to ?irty feet high4 ,= ne>ly t5 miles ar\nd ?is m\nta9 are bas-reliefs1 /atues & excavations4 ,!re is a natural t5d5cy among ! sup]/iti\s p to seek places ( d>kness = ! obs]vances ( _! religi\s rites4 ,(t5times ! prie/s are enabl$ to impose on ! cr$ulity ( ! p mu* m easily :5 !y add "s elem5t ( weirdness or my/]y to _! /range religi\s p]=mances4 ,illu/ration3 ,,image ,,( ,,gane%a4 ,illu/ration3 ,,annual ,,boat-,,fe/ival ,,( ,,gane%a1 ,,on ,,! ,,ganges4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,wayside ,,idol ,,( ,,gane%a1 ,,god ,,( ,,wisdom4 ,,gane%a1 ,,god ,,( ,,wisdom4 ,ano!r exce$+ly popul> idol ( ! ,h9dus is t ( ,gane%a1 ! ,god ( ,wisdom4 ,x is p>tly 9 ! %ape ( a man & p>tly 9 ! %ape ( an elephant4 ,! *ildr5 9 ! s*ools are taught to wor%ip x1 & x is ador$ by all :o wi% to become acqua9t$ ) ,h9du le>n+ & s-call$ wisdom4 ,! images ( ?is god are n only f\nd 9 ! temples & s*ools1 & at ! corn]s ( ! /reets 9 ! cities1 b also "u ! trees on c\ntry roadsides4 ,! sagacity ( ! elephant is well kn[n1 & x is presum$ t ! elephant-idol is wor%ip$ = ?is reason1 j z ! s]p5t is wor%ip$ z ! symbol ( cunn+1 or ! sun z ! symbol ( p[]4 ,z ( almo/ all ! o!r gods1 ,gane%a has 8 fe/ivals1 :5 ! p come toge!r 9 great cr[ds to d him honor4 ,at "o ( ^! annual fe/ivals !y br+ =? ! god ,gane%a1 place him 9 a boat1 & accompani$ ) o!r boats conta9+ prie/s & musicians1 !y r[ up & d[n ! ,ganges4 ,! great cr[ds ( p l9+ ! %ore fill ! air ) _! %\ts & songs1 & ! occasion is "o ( exub]ant joy4 ,,pagodas4 ,scatt]$ ab\t ! l>ge temple inclosures are great pagodas or t[]s4 ,^! conta9$ ! rooms ( ! prie/s & s]vants ( ! temple4 ,sometimes !y s]v$ simply z gate-ways1 at o!r times !y 7 us$ z h\ses = ! idols4 ,ris+ high above ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 ev]y:]e !y c\ld be se5 by ! p1 & ?us _! devotion to _! idolatr\s wor%ip 0 increas$4 ,! prie/s s\ght by ! use ( e possible means to fix ! p's fai? 9 _! idols2 l ,demetrius1 ^: bus9ess ( mak+ %r9es 9 ,ephesus 0 spoil$ by ,paul's prea*+1 ^! prie/s d n wi% to lose _! hold ^u ! p1 because ?us _! means ( support w\ld be de/roy$4 ,b1 not)/&+ all _! ef=ts1 !y _c hold ! p 9 _! bondage1 & ea* ye> witnesses m & m refus+ to li/5 to !m4 ,none ( ^! great pagodas are new4 ,= v _m ye>s !y h t[]$ above ! dwell+s ( ! p 9 _! maje/ic gr&eur2 :5 !y fall into decay !y are n replac$4 ,_m ( ^! pagodas are sev]al hundr$s ( feet high1 & are cov]$ ) sculptures repres5t+ sc5es 9 ! lives ( ! gods ( ! temple1 or ( em95t sa9ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gateway ,,( ,,madura ,,temple4 ,ano!r fam\s pagoda is at ,pondi*]ry1 9 ,s\!rn ,india4 ,! gate-way to ?is temple is mo/ intricately c>v$4 ,! hea!n aim to set =? 9 a durable way1 z by ^! sculptures1 ! p>ts ( _! wor%ip4 ,!y dep5d l>gely ^u ! sight = in/ruct+ ! p 9 _! fai?1 r ?an ^u _! he>+1 prea*+1 or read+ sacr$ books4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pagoda ,,( ,,pondi*]ry1 ,,fam$ ,,= ,,its ,,sculpture4 ,! int]iors z well z ! ext]iors ( ^! temples are cov]$ ) sculptures4 ,! s]vice is 9 n[ise l t 9 ,*ri/ian *ur*es4 ,! p come & g z !y please4 ,!y beat ! drums to call ! att5tion ( ! gods to ! pray]s !y are ab\t to (f]1 rub _! h&s toge!r z !y mumble ov] "s pray]s1 leave _! (f]+s be=e ! idol ( /one or wood1 & g away believ+ t dang]s w be av]t$1 or t good =tune w come to !m4 ,9 ,ongole1 ne> ! great pagodas1 ! p us$ to be v idolatr\s1 hav+ _m idols 9 _! h\ses z well z 9 _! temples4 ,b ev5 "h !y are rapidly los+ _! fai? 9 _! idols4 ,rec5tly1 9 a s+le ye>1 #bj1jjj p 9 ?is di/rict became ,*ri/ians1 & 9 "o week !y br\ght to ! mission>ies a ?\s& idols :i* !y _h ceas$ to wor%ip4 ,illu/ration3 ,,disus$ ,,idols ,,& ,,sacr$ ,,articles ,,f ,,ongole1 ,,india4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bird',s-,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,pagodas ,,& ,,temple ,,gr\nds4 ,?is view is tak5 f ,eagle ,hill1 9 ! ,madras ,presid5cy1 ,india4 ,x looks t[>d ! ea/1 & :5 comb9$ ) its c\nt]p>t1 look+ t[>d ! we/1 x %[s ! ext5t & gr&eur ( ^! sacr$ gr\nds & build+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bird',s-,,eye ,,view ,,( ,,pagodas ,,& ,,temple ,,gr\nds4 ,?is view is tak5 f ,eagle ,hill1 9 ! ,madras ,presid5cy1 ,india4 ,x looks t[>d ! we/1 & :5 comb9$ ) its c\nt]p>t1 look+ t[>d ! ea/1 x %[s ! ext5t & gr&eur ( ^! sacr$ gr\nds & build+s4 ,,h9du ,,wa%+s ,,= ,,s94 ,a writ] = "y p ?us describes ! cu/om ( ! ,h9dus resort+ to ! ,ganges1 & ! reasons = x3 8,! hea!n "k well t s9 ne$s to be wa%$ away1 b z to h[ ?is c be done !y h v /range ideas4 ,"s w walk ?r\gh fire1 z if t w\ld burn away all impurities2 "s w cov] _! bodies ) fil?1 z if t w\ld cleanse ! s\l2 o!rs /ill fancy t ! wat] ( c]ta9 /reams has p[] to remove all ta9t ( s94 ,! ,h9dus believe t !re is wond]ful cleans+ p[] 9 ! wat] ( ! ,ganges1 s t :oev] c ba! 9 t riv] is fre$ f guilt4 ,f all p>ts ( ,india pilgrims g to ! ,ganges1 & !y believe t :oev] dies 9 t /ream is sure ( future bliss4 ,b ,india is a va/ c\ntry1 & comp>atively few ( ! poor p :o live 9 ! s\!rn portion c travel ! ?\s& miles or m to rea* ! ,ganges4 ,h5ce !y h _! own sacr$ /reams & f\nta9s1 :i*1 ?\gh n reg>d$ z s sacr$ z ! ,ganges1 are yet suppos$ to h p[] to cleanse f s94 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9dus ,,wa%+ ,,9 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,riv] ,,ganges ,,at ,,b5>es4 8,sev]al ye>s ago1 9 a village ne> ,madura1 a ,brahm9 nam$ ,sokapp5 read 9 "o ( ! sacr$ ,h9du books1 t ne> ! temple ( 8 village !re 0 a spr+ f> "u gr\nd1 & t if "o w\ld only dig deep en\gh wat] w\ld fl[ at t spr+ f ! ,ganges1 :ile ! riv] itself 0 m ?an elev5 hundr$ miles away4 ,! ,brahm9 ?\ght t w\ld be a glori\s "w to d1 & s work$ = ye>s1 sp5d+ all 8 own money & begg+ f o!rs1 until he _h f9i%$ a great1 tank & wall$ x ) hewn /one1 ) /one /eps lead+ d[n to ! sacr$ wat]4 ,he f9ally he>d ( ,*ri/1 & ( ! =giv5ess he (f]$1 & s9ce !n he has (t5 prea*$ t only ! blood ( ,*ri/ c take away s94 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,f\nta94 8,?\gh _m p ( ,india h n[ he>d ! ,gospel1 !re are yet millions :o h fai? 9 _! sacr$ ba?+ places4 ,^? :o live too f> f ! ,ganges f9d "s riv]1 if !y c1 z at ,m[li1 :]e two riv]s1 ! ,y5na & ! ,kri%na1 meet1 & :]e multitudes ba!4 ,! dead1 also1 are tak5 !re1 "s to be buri$1 z 0 ! #8sa9t' :om ,mr4 ,bruce describes1 & o!rs to be burn$1 t _! a%es may be m+l$ ) ! sacr$ wat]s4 ,9 ! di/rict ( ,t9nevelly1 ,s\? ,india1 is a fam\s artificial tank4 ,x is sometimes call$ ! #8,sea ( ,sacr$ ,milk4' ,granite /eps lead d[n to ! wat]'s edge1 & 9 ! e>ly morn+ hundr$s ( m5 & wom5 ga!r to ba! & to wor%ip ! sun4 ,! wat] is /agnant & dirty1 ?\gh x is e/eem$ z specially holy4 ,"h ! p wa% n only !mselves1 b also _! clo!s4 ,! co/ ( build+ ^! ba?+ places is imm5se1 yet ! p build !m 9 _m p>ts ( ,india because !y ?9k t1 at any co/1 provision %\ld be made = ! removal ( s94 ,!y "k ( no bett] way ?an by ba?+ 9 ^! fil?y places40 ,,h9du ,,holy ,,m51 ,,devotees ,,& ,,fakirs4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fakir ,,( ,,! ,,immovable ,,foot4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,holy ,,man ,,) ,,! ,,iron ,,coll>4 ,"o s+ul> feature ( ! ,brahm9 wor%ip is ! ways ! wor%ip]s devis$ to %[ _! zeal4 ,!y built great temples1 c>v$ imm5se idols1 & br\ght great ri*es into ! temple treasuries4 ,!y w\ld p]=m ! /range/ p5ances1 ! l ( :i* 0 nev] se5 else:]e 9 all ! _w4 ,! sup]ior prie/s nev] %[ !mselves b ) great pomp4 ,) gu>ds ( cavalry prec$+ !m !y w ride on ri*ly cap>ison$ elephants ?r\gh ! triumphal ar*es prep>$ = !m1 :ile ! p b[ z !y pass4 ,! l[] prie/s r5\nc$ e display1 inde$ !y s\ght its opposite2 ) !m ! vile/ uncleanness 0 mo/ alli$ to godl9ess4 ,!re 01 & is1 "o ord] ( prie/s kn[n z ,fakirs1 :o excell$ 9 self-tortures4 ,!y (t5 give up all clo?+1 sometimes sitt+ 9 a b$ ( a%es4 ,(t5 !y =ge great iron coll>s ab\t _! necks1 or heavy iron b&s ^u arms & ankles4 ,"s let _! hair gr[ long & nev] comb x4 ,_! bodies are cov]$ ) v]m92 sometimes !y w hold an arm or leg 9 a fix$ position1 nev] mov+ x4 ,until rec5tly !y w\ld (t5 fa/5 hooks 9 _! fle% on _! backs1 !n be elevat$ into ! air1 & be dragg$ ?r\gh ! /reets by ! p4 ,by _m su* horrible acts !y hop$ to e>n an entrance into a happi] life4 ,! p reg>d$ ^! m5 z unusually holy2 !y s\ght !m = cures1 & = relief f sorr[s4 ,at ! great idol fe/ivals ^! ,fakirs 7 pres5t 9 cr[ds4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fakir ,,( ,,! ,,long ,,hair4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,fakir ,,:o ,,nev] ,,helps ,,himself4 ,9 ,india1 ,*9a & ,japan1 !re are a great _m m5 call$ 8devotees10 :o give !mselves up to mis]able lives2 _m ( !m hop+ by ?is means to obta9 ! favor ( ! gods 9 :om !y believe & great happ9ess aft] dea?4 ,"s ( !m1 h[ev]1 are mov$ m by a desire to obta9 money & honor f _! fell[-m51 & !y ?9k x a respectable & honorable way ( gett+ a liv+4 ,mo/ ( ! p fe> r ?an respect ^! devotees1 ?9k+ "s evil w foll[ if !y displease !m1 or fail to give !m :at !y want4 ,_m ( ^! devotees1 9 all ?ree ( ! c\ntries nam$1 sp5d _! "t w&]+ f place to place1 & mak+ long pilgrimages to fam\s temples4 ,o!rs torture !mselves 9 all imag9able ways4 ,"s repeat ! "n ( _! favorite idol dur+ all _! h\rs ( wakefulness4 ,"s ba! v frequ5tly1 :ile o!rs d n wa% !mselves at all1 b p]mit _! hair1 be>d & nails to gr[ to great l5g?2 !y we> little if any clo?+1 _! bodies are cov]$ ) a%es1 & _! :ole appe>ance is dirty & disagreeable4 ,"s ( ^! devotees are really s9c]e 9 d5y+ !mselves = _! religion2 !y feel ! burd5 & weight ( _! s9s1 &1 kn[+ n ! true way ( obta9+ p>don & peace1 !y take ^! false ways4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,h9du ,,holy ,,man ,,tortur+ ,,himself ,,by ,,hang+ ,,f ,a ,,hook4 ,"s ( ^! ,fakirs are b little bett] ?an wild bea/s1 _! habits all t5d to make !m s4 ,!y g5]ally live 9 holes or caves or "u banyan trees1 & !y ?9k t !y1 by _! p5ances1 make atonem5t = _! own s9s & = ^? ( ! p :o c>e = !m4 ,besides ! p5ances already m5tion$1 we may add t "s drag heavy *a9s or cannon-balls2 "s crawl on _! h&s & knees = ye>s2 "s roll _! nak$ bodies ov] & ov] f ! banks ( ! ,indus to ! banks ( ! ,ganges2 "s /& = life be=e a sl[ fire2 "s impose ^u !mselves a sil5ce ( ye>s1 & o!rs hang = h\rs head d[nw>ds4 ,all ?is is done to m]it salvation4 ,9 no o!r c\ntry 9 ! _w1 probably1 h s _m diff]5t ways be5 devis$ by :i* m5 hop$ salvation w\ld be e>n$4 ,"h aga9 is se5 ! contra/ betwe5 ! (f]$ salvation ( ,jesus ,*ri/ & ! s\ght salvation by p5ances taught by ?is hea!n fai?1 mo/ /rik+4 ,! ,briti% gov]nm5t has n[ =bidd5 altoge!r _m ( ^! cruel p]=mances1 & has limit$ o!rs4 ,b e>ne/ mission>y "w has done m ?an any?+ else to de/roy ! p's fai? 9 ! sanctity & wisdom ( ^! s-call$ holy m54 ,illu/ration3 ,,fakir ,,hang+ ,,to ,a ,,limb4 ,mr4 ,bruce1 an ,am]ican mission>y at ,sat>a1 records an ev5t :i* 9 its day caus$ great excitem5t4 ,?is is 8 /ory3 ,?ree or f\r ye>s ago :5 we w5t into ,sat>a1 we us$ to see1 sitt+ 9 ! v]&a ( 8 h\se1 an old man cov]$ ) rags & surr\nd$ ) fil?4 ,sometimes we w\ld see him on ! /reet1 ) rags innum]able ^u 8 p]son4 ,9 ,am]ica we %\ld h call$ him a crazy man1 b ideas diff] 9 diff]5t l&s4 ,"h he 0 a 8sa9t10 9 :om "o ( ! gods dwelt4 ,:5 8 sa9t%ip came to be kn[n by ! populace1 he 0 honor$ & wor%ip$ ev]y:]e4 ,m5 :o ought to h kn[n bett] w\ld1 on see+ him approa*1 leave _! "w1 & run & pro/rate !mselves at 8 feet4 ,8 rags 7 remov$1 & he 0 clo!d ) a ri* robe ( purple4 ,no exp5se 0 sp>$ to supply all 8 wants1 & he 0 att5d$ to by two s]vants1 furni%$ by ! ,pr9ce ( ,ouah4 ,at la/ ?is rag-man1 crazy-man1 sa9t1 di$4 ,he _h said previ\sly1 8,:]ev] ,i die1 !re let my tomb be built40 ,he di$ 9 ! city1 & !re ! p wi%$ to bury him & erect a tomb :i* %\ld ev] aft] be an object ( wor%ip4 ,b ! municipal (fic]s int]f]$ & ord]$ ! body to be remov$ f ! city4 ,!n !y buri$ him 9 ! temple gr\nds1 & ano!r god 0 add$ to ! millions ( ,h9du deities4 ,illu/ration3 ,,devotee ,,endur+ ,,fire4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fakir ,,( ,,! ,,long ,,nails4 ,! gr[? ( ! nails %[s h[ long ! h& has be5 held 9 ?is "o position4 ,?is /ory w s]ve to illu/rate ! delusion "u :i* ! ,h9dus are re/+1 & ! read9ess ) :i* !y yield _! fai? to any pret5d] t comes along4 ,! climate ( ,india awak5s a dull1 le?>gic condition4 ,! activity ( ,we/]n nations is unkn[n4 ,! p are accu/om$ to move sl[ly & to avail !mselves1 z f> z possible1 ( all ! helps obta9able to less5 ! toils ( daily life4 ,?is also leads !m to fall 9 readily ) ! decl>ations ( any fooli% fanatic :o may arise1 r ?an to g to ! tr\ble ( sift+ !m & reject+ !m z !y des]ve4 ,! :ole sy/em ( ,h9duism l5ds its aid to ?is4 ,x is1 itself1 a gigantic sy/em ( fraud4 ,! ,h9du prie/s laugh 9 _! sleeves at ! folly ( ! multitudes 9 li/5+ s readily to _! in/ructions4 ,b few ( !m h any fai? 9 ! millions ( gods1 ^: repres5tatives !y are4 ,?is is _! pr(ession1 by _! prie/hood !y obta9 _! liv+1 &1 consequ5tly1 !y d all !y c to make _! religion pr$om9ant 9 all ! affairs ( _! neighborhoods4 ,h5ce x comes ab\t1 t in/ead ( at once expos+ ! pret5sions ( ,fakirs1 holy m5 & devotees1 !y l5d _! aid to ga9 acceptance = !m ) ! multitude4 ,s ,india groans b5ea? ?is oppressive load ( prie/craft2 ea* day ! prie/s add l9k aft] l9k to ! *a9s t b9d h]2 "s day1 ?\gh1 %e w arise 9 h] might & ca/ (f h] burd5s1 walk+ 9 fre$om4 ,*ri/ian mission "w w spe$ ! com+ ( t day4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,h9du ,,sacr$ ,,books1 ,,fairy ,,/ories ,,& ,,fireside ,,tales4 ,n only 9 ! writ+s ( ! lat] ,/oicism1 :5 already ?r\gh ! despair+ twilight a lum9\s haze _h be5 diffus$1 n only 9 ! op5 plagi>isms ( ! ,koran1 spoil$ s (t5 9 ! plagi>iz+1 b1 ev5 c5turies be=e ,*ri/1 9 ! ,dialogues ( ,socrates1 9 ! ,republic ( ,plato1 9 ! ,analects ( ,confucius1 9 ! ,laws ( ,man\1 9 ! ,sutras ( ! ,buddhi/s1 9 ! ,v$as ( ! ,brahm9s1 9 ! ,z5d ,ave/a ( ! ,p>sees1 9 ! ,pirke ,avo? ( ! ,rabbis1 !re are unque/ionably precepts :i* might be comb9$ into a v pure & noble code4--,,fr$]ick ,w4 ,,f>r>4 ,! sacr$ books ( ! ,h9dus are writt5 9 ! ,sanskrit language4 ,!y all fall "u two gr& divisions1 ,s'ruti & ,s'mriti4 ,s'ruti means 8t :i* is he>d or reveal$10 & ,s'mriti means 8t :i* is rememb]$ & h&$ d[n by tradition40 ,9 ! fir/ division are includ$ ! ,v$as1 9 ! second ! lat] ,sanskrit lit]ature4 ,!re are f\r ,v$as 7pron\nc$ by ! ,h9dus1 ,vds74 ,! ,rig-,v$a1 conta9+ #a1jag hymns ( praise ( ! p]sonifi$ p[]s ( nature4 ,! ,a?>va-,v$a is compos$ ( v]ses us$ z magical spells or incantations = call+ d[n or turn+ (f evils4 ,x _h its orig9 9 a sup]/iti\s belief 9 ! p[] ( evil spirits4 ,! ,yajur 7or ,yazur7 ,v$a conta9s hymns & texts arrang$ = sacrificial c]emonies4 ,! ,sama-,v$a reproduces _m ( ! hymns ( ! ,rig-,v$a re-arrang$ = wor%ip4 ,ea* ( ^! ,v$as consi/s ( ?ree p>ts1 ! ,mantras or orig9al hymns2 !n ! ,brahmanas or pure comm5t>ies on ^! hymns1 & to ^!1 philosophical treatises call$ ,upani%ads 7 atta*$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9du ,,fe/ival ,,( ,,! ,,new ,,moon4 ,all ^! are believ$ to h be5 giv5 by ! gods1 hav+ no human au?or4 ,z we %\ld say !y are believ$ to be div9ely inspir$4 ,( ! second sort ( sacr$ books1 ! ,s'mriti1 !re are f\r classes4 ,! six ,v$angas1 fir/1 ! rules = sacrifices2 second1 ! book ( ! sci5ce ( pronunciation2 ?ird1 ( metre2 f\r?1 ( exposition ( ! ,v$as2 fif?1 ( gramm>2 six?1 ( a/ronomy4 ,next come ! ,s'm>ta-sutras or books relat+ to dome/ic rites & to conv5tional usages4 ,!n foll[ ! ,dh>ma-%a/ras or 8,law-books10 ! code ( ,manu & o!r inspir$ law-giv]s4 ,la/ly1 we h ! ,itihasas or leg5d>y poems1 ! ,mahab>ata1 or cyclopdia ( ,h9du traditions1 leg5ds1 morals & philosophy1 & ! ,ramayana4 ,?is la/ conta9s ! /ory ( ! w&]+s ( ,rama1 told 9 #bd1jjj /anzas4 ,,! ,,v$ic ,,hymns4 ,! ^w ,v$a means 8k40 ,! hymns ( ! ,rig-,v$a 7 writt5 betwe5 #a1ejj & #a1jjj ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 ab\t ! "t ( ,moses4 ,!y conta9 _m t$i\s repetitions1 b yet are highly int]e/+ z %[+ :at ! anci5t ,h9dus1 & m especially :at ! =efa!rs ( ?is "p ( ! race1 believ$4 ,_m ( ^! hymns 7 sung by our ,aryan =efa!rs be=e !y scatt]$ to settle 9 ,india or 9 ! wilds ( ,we/]n ,europe4 ,we h be=e giv5 a specim5 ( ^! e>ly hymns4 ,we give "h ano!r t seems to %[ t 9 ! beg9n+ ! anci5t ,h9dus wor%ip$ b "o ,god4 8,:at god %all we adore ) sacrifice8 ,him let u praise1 ! gold5 *ild t rose ,9 ! beg9n+1 :o 0 born ! "l-- ,! "o sole "l ( all t is--:o made ,! e>?1 & =m$ ! sky1 :o give? life1 ,:o give? /r5g?1 ^: bidd+ gods rev]e1 ,^: hid+-place is immortality4 ,^: %ad[1 dea?2 :o by 8 might is k+ ,( all ! brea?+1 sleep+1 wak+ _w4 ,:]e'er let loose 9 space1 ! mighty wat]s ,h gone1 deposit+ a fruitful se$1 ,& g5]at+ fire1 !re he arose ,:o is ! brea? & life ( all ! gods1 ,^: mighty glance looks r\nd ! va/ expanse ,( wat]y vapor--s\rce ( en]gy1 ,cause ( ! sacrifice--! only ,god1 ,above ! gods40 ,! next selection %[s h[ ! wor%ip ( "o ,god pass$ into ! wor%ip ( _m gods1 & expla9s ! orig9 ( ca/e4 ,! previ\s selection 0 writt5 long be=e ?is "o3 8,! embodi$ _s has a ?\s& heads1 ,a ?\s& eyes1 a ?\s& feet1 ar\nd ,on e side envelop+ ! e>?1 ,yet fill+ space no l>g] ?an a span4 ,he is himself ?is v univ]se2 ,he is :atev] is1 has be51 & %all be2 ,he is ! "l ( immortality4 ,all creatures are "o-f\r? ( him1 ?ree-f\r?s ,are t :i* is immortal 9 ! sky4 ,f him1 call$ ,puru%a1 0 born ,viraj1 ,& f ,viraj 0 ,puru%a produc$1 ,:om gods & holy m5 made _! oblation1 ,) ,puru%a z victim1 !y p]=m$ ,a sacrifice4 ,:y did !y divide him8 ,h[ did !y cut him up8 ,:at 0 8 m\?8 ,:at 7 8 arms8 & :at 8 ?ighs & feet8 ,! ,brahm9 0 8 m\?1 ! k+ly soldi] ,0 made 8 arms1 ! husb&man 8 ?ighs1 ,! s]vile ,sudra issu$ f 8 feet40 ,! common cre$ ( ! ,h9dus1 z ga!r$ f ! ,brahmanas & ,upani%ads1 is z foll[s3 #a4 ,! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,mean+ by ?is1 h[ev]1 n only t x w always live 9 ! future1 b t x has always liv$ 9 ! pa/1 h5ce we may say1 ! et]nity ( ! s\l4 #b4 ,no?+ c come f no?+1 & h5ce1 all ( ! sub/ance ( ! univ]se is et]nal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,idols ,,gu>d+ ,,! ,,h9du ,,temple ,,ay5>4 #c4 ,! s\l _c ex]cise ?\ght1 or any activity ap>t f ! body4 #d4 ,yet ! union ( body & s\l is a s\rce ( mis]y to human be+s4 #e4 ,h5ce we h ! belief 9 ! transmigration ( ! s\l4 ,t ! s\l passes f body to body ?r\gh innum]able *anges4 ,^! bodies include ! wide/ range & are ^? ( animals or ( m54 ,,! ,,law-,,book ,,( ,,manu4 ,?is 0 writt5 ab\t ! fif? c5tury be=e ,*ri/4 ,its rules consi/ ( 8immemorial or approv$ practices10 8practices ( law & gov]nm5t10 8p5it5tial ex]cises10 & 8consequ5ces ( acts40 ,! :ole is divid$ into twelve books1 ( :i* we give an epitome3 ,aft] an acc\nt ( ! creation ( ! _w1 9 ! fir/ book1 ! f\r /ages ( a ,brahm9's life are ! only subjects treat$ ( 9 regul> ord] 9 ! second1 ?ird1 f\r?1 fif? & six? books1 f\r books be+ devot$ to ! duties ( ! religi\s /ud5t & m>ri$ h\sehold]1 & ! six? book treat+ ( ! two la/ /ages ( an*orite & religi\s m5dicant4 ,! sev5? & eigh? books prop\nd ! rules ( gov]nm5t1 pr9cipally1 ( c\rse1 = ! guidance ( ! second great class ( ,k%atriyas1 f :i* ! k+ 0 *os54 ,! n9? book conta9s precepts on ! subject ( wom51 husb& & wife2 _! (fspr+ & ! law ( inh]itance & division ( prop]ty1 ) additional rules = k+s1 & a few precepts relative to ! two rema9+ ca/es4 ,x also describes ! employm5ts to :i* ! sev]al ca/es are re/rict$1 & /ates ! occupations p]mitt$ to ,brahm9s1 ,k%atriyas1 ,vais'yas & ,s'udras1 9 times ( exig5cy & di/ress4 ,! elev5? book gives rules ( expiation1 bo? = ! s9s ( ! pres5t life--especially s9s aga9/ ca/e--& = ! effects ( (f5ses committ$ 9 previ\s bodies1 z %[n 9 cong5ital diseases1 etc4 ,! twelf? cont9ues ! subject ( ! recomp5ses or consequ5ces ( acts1 good or bad1 z lead+ to rew>d 9 ,heav5 or puni%m5t 9 v>i\s hells1 & to triple degrees ( transmigration4 ,x closes ) directions z to ! be/ means ( obta9+ f9al beatitude & absorption into ! univ]sal ess5ce4 ,a few specim5s ( ,manu's moral precepts are "h subjo9$3 8,daily p]=m ?9e own appo9t$ "w ,unwe>i$ly2 & to obta9 a fri5d-- ,a sure companion to ! future _w-- ,collect a /ore ( virtue l ! ants1 ,:o g>n] up _! treasures into heaps2 ,= nei!r fa!r1 "m1 wife1 nor son1 ,nor k9sman1 w rema9 beside !e !n1 ,:5 ?\ art pass+ to t o!r home-- ,?y virtue w ?y only comrade be4 8,s+le is e liv+ creature born1 ,s+le he passes to ano!r _w1 ,s+le he eats ! fruits ( evil de$s1 ,s+le ! fruit ( good2 & :5 he leaves ,8 body l a log or heap ( clay ,^u ! gr\nd1 8 k9sm5 walk away3 ,virtue alone /ays by him at ! tomb1 ,& be>s him ?r\gh ! dre>y1 trackless gloom4 8,dep5d n on ano!r1 r lean ,^u ?yself2 tru/ to ?9e own ex]tions ,subjection to ano!r's w gives pa92 ,true happ9ess consi/s 9 self-reliance4 8,/rive to complete ! task ?\ ha/ comm5c$2 ,we>i$1 r5ew ?y ef=ts once aga92 ,aga9 fatigu$1 once m ! "w beg92 ,s %alt ?\ e>n success & =tune w940 ,!re are1 9 addition to ! ,code ( ,manu1 at lea/ n9ete5 o!r codes ( v>i\s degrees ( au?ority4 ,,degradation ,,( ,,wom5 ,,accord+ ,,to ,,manu's ,,laws4 ,a c]ta9 ,%a/] comm&s3 8,if a man goes on a j\rney1 8 wife %all n div]t h]self by play1 nor %all see any public %[1 nor %all laugh1 nor %all dress h]self 9 jewels or f9e clo!s1 nor he> music1 nor %all sit at ! w9d[1 nor %all behold any?+ *oice & r>e1 b %all fa/5 well ! h\se door & rema9 private1 & %all n eat any da9ty food1 & %all n black5 h] eyes ) p[d]1 & %all n view h] face 9 a mirror4 ,%e %all nev] amuse h]self 9 any su* agreeable employm5t dur+ ! abs5ce ( h] husb&40 ,! foll[+ incid5ts w %[ h[ ! laws ( ,manu1 9 ! case ( wom51 are c>ri$ out4 ,miss ,brittan1 = _m ye>s a mission>y1 9 ,india1 says3 8,:5 ,i tea* 9 "o h\se1 ,i sit up-/airs 9 a little v]&a1 :i* is wall$ all ar\nd4 ,into ! v]&a a /rongly-b>r$ w9d[ op5s1 beh9d :i* sit ! wom5 :o are be+ taught1 pass+ _! books & "w ?r\gh ! b>s4 ,i always ?9k ( our ,savi\r's words :5 visit+ !m--#8,i 0 9 prison1 & ye came unto me4' ,a woman1 ^: eyes fill$ ) te>s :5 %e saw a fl[] :i* 0 br\ght h] to copy 9 wool1 said3 #8,ah1 ?is rem9ds me ( ! "t :5 ,i 0 a *ild1 = !re 7 o!rs l ?is 9 my fa!r's g>d51 & ,i h n se5 x = s long4' ,!n1 po9t+ a few y>ds be=e h] to a high wall cov]$ ) dirt & moss1 %e add$3 #8,t is ! only prospect ,i h _h = ye>s4'444 ,ye/]day1 ,i ent]$ a h\se :i* 0 exactly l ^? ,i _h read ( be=e ,i came to ,india4 ,! ,baboo1 or g5tleman ( ! h\se1 _h a suite ( rooms furni%$ elegantly--ri* c>pets1 s(as1 *airs1 beautiful pa9t+s & /atu>y1 ) a c5tretable cov]$ ) vases & curiosities4 ,x really 0 refre%+ to see su* beauty & elegance4 ,b1 alas6 ,i 0 %[n to ! wom5's ap>tm5ts1 & ! te>s w\ld come to my eyes1 not)/&+ my ef=ts to re/ra9 !m4 ,ah1 h[ sad6 ,! ,baboo spoke ,engli% to me1 & 0 a g5tleman4 ,8 wife sat on a dirty mat1 :i* 0 ?r[n on a damp /one floor1 h] hair uncomb$1 h] "o article ( clo?+--a s>ree--wret*$ly dirty1 & ! appe>ance ( ev]y?+ 9 ! b>e1 mis]able little room %e liv$ 9 0 t ( l[e/ hea!nism4 ,z ,i saw no *air1 ,i sat d[n on ! mat beside ! woman until a s]vant br\ght me "o1 :i* he said ! ,baboo _h s5t me40 ,a well-kn[n mission>y relates ! foll[+ illu/rative incid5t3 8,"o day1 :5 ,i 0 walk+ 9 a retir$ village1 my att5tion 0 arre/$ by see+ two objects1 at "s di/ance be=e me1 roll+ 9 ! mud4 ,z ,i approa*$ ! spot1 ,i f\nd two females almo/ exhau/$ by fatigue4 ,i le>n$ t !y _h v[$ to _! goddess to roll 9 ?is mann] f "o temple to ano!r4 ,!y _h sp5t ne>ly a week1 & _h n accompli%$ "o-half _! j\rney4 ,b no argum5ts1 no remon/rances on my "p c\ld induce !m to rel9qui% _! und]tak+4 ,on leav+ !m1 ,i indignantly expo/ulat$ ) a le>n$ ,brahm91 :o /ood ne> by1 & po9t$ to ! mis]able objects ,i _h j left4 #8,oh1' said he1 #8?is is wor%ip exactly suit$ to ! capacity ( females4 ,let !m alone2 !y are s9c]e4 ,( c\rse1 _! wor%ip w be accept$4'0 ,illu/ration3 ,,h9du ,,wom5 ,,rescu$ ,,f ,,_! ,,degradation4 ,,! ,,burn+ ,,( ,,wid[s ,,comm&$ ,,by ,,manu4 ,until a comp>atively rec5t date1 ! fe>ful rite ( ,suttee has be5 practic$ op5ly 9 ,india by all highca/e p4 ,! anci5t ,v$as & ! ,in/itutes ( ,manu1 :i* are second 9 au?ority1 d n enjo9 ?is rite2 b ! ,%a/]s & ,puranas1 :i* hold ab\t ! same relation to ! ,v$as t ! ,jewi% ,talmud does to ! ,old ,te/am5t ,scriptures1 recomm5d ! flames ( ! fun]al pile z ! wid['s sure road to et]nal joy & peace4 ,! foll[+ passages1 select$ f _m simil> ones1 translat$ by our mission>ies f ! ,puranas & ,%a/]s1 w be suffici5t = our purpose3 8,if a woman :o _h despis$ h] "l1 or done :at 0 contr>y to 8 m9d1 %\ld 7ev57 f m]c5>y motives or fe>1 or f a susp5sion ( ! reason+ p[]1 die ) h] husb&1 %e %all be purg$ f all crimes4 8,z ! snake-cat*] draws ! s]p5t f its hole1 s %e 7no matt] h[ great 8 s9s71 by burn+1 rescues h] husb& f hell1 & rejoices ) him4 8,! woman :o expires on ! fun]al pile ) h] husb& purifies ! family ( h] fa!r1 h] "m & h] husb&4 ,if ! husb& be a ,brahm9cide1 ! greate/ ( all crim9als1 an ungrateful p]son1 or a murd]] ( 8 fri5ds1 ! wife1 by burn+ ) him1 purges away 8 s9s4 8,!re is no virtue great] ?an a virtu\s woman burn+ h]self ) h] husb&4 8,z long z a woman1 9 h] successive transmigrations1 %\ld decl9e burn+ h]self l a fai?ful wife on ! same fire ) h] deceas$ "l1 s long %all %e n be exempt$ f spr++ to life aga9 9 ! body ( "s female animal4 8,?\gh he1 h] husb&1 h sunk to ! region ( torm5t1 be re/ra9$ 9 dreadful bonds1 h rea*$ ! place ( angui%1 be seiz$ by ! imp ( ,luma 7! ,h9du ,pluto1 ! god ( ! inf]nal regions71 be exhau/$ ( /r5g?1 & afflict$ & tortur$ = 8 crimes1 /ill1 z a s]p5t-cat*] un]r+ly drags a s]p5t f 8 hole1 s does %e draw h] husb& f hell1 & asc5ds ) him to ,heav5 by ! p[] ( devotion4 8,if ! wife be )9 "o day's j\rney ( ! place :]e h] husb& di$1 & %e signify h] wi% to be burn$ ) him1 ! burn+ ( ! corpse %all be delay$ till h] arrival4 8,if ! husb& be out ( ! c\ntry :5 he dies1 let ! virtu\s wife take 8 slipp]s1 or any?+ :i* belongs to 8 dress1 & b9d+ !m1 or x1 on h] brea/1 aft] purification1 ent] a sep>ate fire4 ,a ,brunhn _c burn h]self on a sep>ate pile2 b ?is is an em95t virtue 9 ano!r woman4 8,!re are ?irty-five million hairs on ! human body4 ,! woman :o asc5ds ! pile w rema9 s _m ye>s ) h] husb& 9 ,heav54 8,dy+ ) h] husb&1 %e purifies ?ree g5]ations--h] fa!r & "m's side & h] husb&'s side4 ,su* a wife1 ador+ h] husb&1 ent]s into cele/ial felicity ) him--greate/ & mo/ admir$2 laud$ by ! *oirs ( ,heav51 ) him %e %all enjoy ! delights ( ,heav5 :ile f\rte5 ,indras reign40 ,,! ,,god ,,vi%nu ,,made ,,man4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,t5 ,,inc>nations ,,( ,,vi%nu4 ,accord+ to ! great poems1 ! ,mahab>ata & ! ,ramayana1 ,vi%nu pass$ ?r\gh t5 inc>nations4 ,^! are frequ5tly repres5t$ 9 sculptures 7see illu/ration74 ,!y are ,i4 ,mataya1 ! fi%4 ,accord+ to ! /ory1 ,vi%nu became a fi% to save ,manu 7! ,noah ( ! ,h9dus7 f ! univ]sal deluge4 ,,ii4 ,kurma1 ! tortoise4 ,"h ,vi%nu became a tortoise at ! bottom ( ! sea ( milk1 t 8 back might s]ve z a pivot = ! m\nta9 ,m&>a1 ar\nd :i* ! gods & demons twi/$ ! great s]p5t ,vaski4 ,!y !n /ood opposite to ea* o!r1 & us+ ! snake z a rope1 *urn$ ! ocean ( milk = ! production ( f\rte5 preci\s ?+s4 ,,iii4 ,v>ah1 ! bo>4 ,vi%nu 9 ?is =m deliv]$ ! _w1 aft] a /ruggle ( a ?\s& ye>s1 f ! demon :o _h seiz$ ! e>? & c>ri$ x to ! l[e/ dep?s ( ! sea4 ,,iv4 ,n>a-s9ha1 ! lion4 ,he ?us de/roy$ ano!r demon4 ,v4 ,vamana1 ! dw>f4 ,he depriv$ ! demon ,bali ( ! dom9ion ( ?ree worlds4 ,he receiv$ f ,bali ! promise ( z mu* l& z he c\ld /ep ov] 9 ?ree paces1 & !n /epp$ ov] heav5 & e>?4 ,,vi4 ,p>asu-rama or ,rama ) ! axe4 ,,vii4 ,rama1 ! h]o1 de/roy+ ! demon ,ravana4 ,,viii4 ,kri%na1 ! d>k de/roy]4 ,,ix4 ,buddha1 ! enlight5$ "o4 ,?is =m 0 devis$ to w9 back ! ,h9du ,buddhi/s to ,vi%nu's wor%ip4 ,x4 ,kalki :o is yet to appe>4 ,he w be reveal$ 9 ! sky1 seat$ ^u a :ite-w+$ horse1 ) a drawn sword l a blaz+ comet4 ,he is to f9ally de/roy ! wick$ & to p]man5tly e/abli% righte\sness & tru? ^u ! e>?4 ,a ,,sanskrit ,,/ory-,,book4 ,almo/ all ! ,h9dus' books are /ory-books1 = !y are fill$ ) acc\nts ( ! adv5tures ( ! gods & leg5ds & my?s4 ,b !re is "o book call$ ! ,hitopadesa1 :i* has be5 call$ ! 8,fa!r ( all ,fables40 ,its /ories h be5 translat$ into ,p]sian1 ,arabic1 ,hebrew1 ,greek & lat] into ,g]man1 ,fr5* & ,engli%4 ,?is book is v old & is exce$+ly popul> 9 ,india4 ,we h select$ f\r ( its /ories1 & ! read] w probably wond] t su* n>ratives %\ld ev] ga9 a national popul>ity4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,t]rible ,,bell4 8,a ?ief _h /ol5 a bell f ! city ( ,brahmapoora1 & 0 mak+ (f ) t plund]1 & m1 into ! ,sei-p>rata hills1 :5 he 0 kill$ by a tig]4 ,! bell lay 9 ! jungle until "s monkeys pick$ x up1 & amus$ !mselves by con/antly r++ x4 ,! t[ns-p f\nd ! bones ( ! man1 & he>d ! noise ( ! bell all ab\t ! hills2 s !y gave out t !re 0 a t]rible devil !re1 ^: e>s rang l bells z he swung !m ab\t1 & ^: delight 0 to dev\r m54 ,e "o1 accord+ly1 0 leav+ ! t[n1 :5 a peasant woman nam$ ,k>la1 :o1 lik$ belief ! bett] = a little pro(1 came to ! ,rajah4 8#8,highness6' %e obs]v$1 #8= a consid]ation ,i c\ld settle ?is ,sw+-e>4' 8#8,y c\ld6' exclaim$ ! ,rajah4 8#8,i ?9k s6' repeat$ ! woman4 8#8,give h] a consid]ation =?)1' said ! ,rajah4 8,k>la1 :o _h h] own ideas ab\t ! matt]1 took ! pres5t & set out4 ,be+ come to ! hills1 %e made a circle1 & did homage to ,gane%a1 )\t :om no?+ prosp]s4 ,!n1 tak+ "s fruit %e _h br\ght1 su* z monkeys love extremely1 %e scatt]$ x up & d[n 9 ! wood1 & )drew to wat*4 ,v soon ! monkeys f9d+ ! fruit1 put d[n ! bell1 to d ju/ice to x1 & ! woman pick+ x up1 bore x back to ! t[n1 :]e %e became an object ( uncommon v5]ation40 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,lion ,,& ,,! ,,old ,,h>e4 8,on ! ,m&>a ,m\nta9 !re liv$ a ,lion nam$ ,fi]ce-(-he>t1 & he 0 p]petually mak+ massacre ( all ! wild animals4 ,! ?+ grew s bad t ! bea/s held a public meet+1 & drew up a respectful remon/rance to ! ,lion 9 ^! words3 #8,:]e=e %\ld y\r ,maje/y make c>nage ( u all8 ,if x may please y1 we ourselves w daily furni% a bea/ = y\r ,maje/y's meal4' ,! ,lion respond$1 #8,if t arrangem5t is m agreeable to y1 be x s2' & f t "t a bea/ 0 allott$ to him daily1 & daily dev\r$4 ,"o day x came to ! turn ( an old h>e to supply ! royal table1 :o reflect$ to himself z he walk$ along1 #8,i c b die1 & ,i w g to my dea? leisurely4' 8,n[ ,fi]ce-(-he>t1 ! lion1 0 p9*$ ) hung]1 & see+ ! ,h>e s approa*+ he ro>$ out1 #8,h[ d>e/ ?\ ?us delay 9 com+8' 8#8,sire1' repli$ ! ,h>e1 #8,i am n to blame4 ,i 0 deta9$ on ! road by ano!r lion1 :o exact$ an oa? f me to return :5 ,i %\ld h in=m$ y\r ,maje/y4' 8#8,g1' exclaim$ ,k+ ,fi]ce-(-he>t 9 a rage2 #8%[ me1 in/antly1 :]e ?is insol5t villa9 ( a lion lives4' 8,! ,h>e l$ ! way accord+ly till he came to a deep well1 :]eat he /opp$1 & said3 #8,let my "l1 ! ,k+1 come hi!r1 & behold him4' ,! ,lion approa*$1 & beheld 8 own reflection 9 ! wat] ( ! well2 ^u :i*1 9 8 passion1 he directly flung himself1 & s p]i%$40 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,brahm9 ,,& ,,! ,,pans4 8,!re 0 a ,brahm9 9 ! city ( ,vana1 ^: "n 0 ,deva ,s>man4 ,at ! equ9octial fea/ ( ! ,duss]a1 he obta9$ = 8 dux9a-gift a di% ( fl\r1 :i* he took into a pott]'s %$1 & !re lay d[n 9 ! %ade among ! pots1 /aff 9 h&4 ,z he ?us recl9$ he began to m$itate4 #8,i c sell ?is meal = t5 c[ry-%ells1 & ) !m ,i c pur*ase "s ( ^! pots1 & sell !m at an advance4 ,) all t money ,i %all inve/ 9 betel-nuts & body-clo?s1 & make a new pr(it by _! sale2 & s g on traffick+ till ,i get a lakh ( rupees4 ,:at's to prev5t me8 ,!n ,i %all m>ry f\r wives1 & "o at lea/ w be beautiful & "y1 & %e %all be my favorite4 ,( c\rse1 ! o!rs w be jeal\s2 b if !y qu>rel1 & talk1 & tr\ble me1 ,i w belabor !m l ?is--& ?is--#8& !re) he fl\ri%$ 8 /aff1 to su* a purpose z to sma% 8 meal-di% & break sev]al ( ! pott]'s j>s4 ,! pott]1 ru%+ out1 took him by ! ?roat1 turn$ him (f1 & end$ 8 speculations40 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,recluse ,,& ,,! ,,m\se4 8,9 ! =e/ ( ! ,sage ,gautama !re dwelt a recluse nam$ ,mighty-at-,pray]4 ,once1 z he sat at 8 frugal meal1 a "y m\se dropp$ beside him f ! beak ( a cr[1 & he took x up & f$ x t5d]ly ) rice gra9s4 ,"s "t aft] ! ,sa9t obs]v$ a cat pursu+ 8 dep5dant to dev\r x1 :]eupon he *ang$ ! m\se into a /\t cat4 ,! cat 0 a great deal h>ass$ by dogs1 ^u :i* ! ,sa9t aga9 trans=m$ x into a dog4 ,! dog 0 always 9 dang] ( ! tig]s1 & 8 protector at la/ gave him ! =m ( a tig]2 consid]+ him all ?is :ile1 & treat+ him )al1 l no?+ b a m\se4 ,! c\ntry-folks pass+ by w\ld say1 #8,t a tig]6 n he3 x is a m\se ! ,sa9t has trans=m$4' ,& ! m\se be+ vex$ at ?is1 reflect$1 #8,s long z ! ,ma/] lives ?is %ameful /ory ( my orig9 w survive4' ,) ?is ?\ght he 0 ab\t to take ! ,sa9t's life1 :5 he1 :o knew 8 purpose1 turn$ ! ungrateful bea/ by a ^w to 8 orig9al %ape40 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,japan4 ,z reg>ds ! beliefs ( ! anci5t religion1 ,%9toism1 x taught prim>ily ! exi/5ce ( gods1 & 9 ! division :i* x made ( !m into good & bad1 recogniz$ t fundam5tal & et]nal di/9ction betwe5 "r & wrong1 ! deep root+ ( :i* 9 ! human s\l has be5 man's safegu>d aga9/ :at is bad 9 religions & 9 ev]y?+ else4--,,sir ,,edw>d ,j4 ,,re$4 ,japan is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ( c\ntries to ! ,am]ican p4 ,x is our ne>e/ neighbor on ! we/2 & ,am]ica 0 ma9ly in/rum5tal 9 introduc+ ,japan into ! ranks ( ! nations ( mod]n times4 ,! pres5t l9e ( ,mikados among ! ,japanese is ! longe/ cont9u$ among exi/+ nations4 ,*9a has *ang$ its dyna/ies _m times1 & has be5 twice subdu$ by =eign]s1 ! ,mongols & ! ,man*is2 b ! l9e ( ,japanese mon>*s is an unbrok5 s]ies f ,b4,c4 #ffj to ! pres5t day4 ,! ,mongols s\ght to conqu] ! ,isl& ,empire 9 #abha ,a4,d42 b !y 7 utt]ly defeat$ & driv5 away4 ,! pres5t emp]or1 ,mutsuhito1 is ! "o hundr$ & tw5ty-?ird ,mikado ( ,japan4 ,! religions ( ?is p are two1 ,%9toism & ,buddhism4 ,! t5ets ( ,confucius h be5 introduc$ toge!r ) ,buddhism1 & ,buddhi/ prea*]s ( to-day take _! texts f ! classic ,*9ese books4 ,%9toism has be5 mu* mix$ up ) ,buddhism4 ,_m features ( its wor%ip h be5 *ang$ 9 imitation ( ,buddhism1 & "s ( its ess5tial doctr9es h be5 greatly modifi$4 ,!re has be5 "s discussion z to :e!r ,%9toism is really a religion or only a sy/em ( /ate-craft2 b x is v g5]ally believ$ to be a religion :i* has deg5]at$ into a m]e sy/em ( political ma*9]y4 ,c]ta9ly x has gods & goddesses1 & sacr$ symbols1 leg5ds1 my?s & religi\s notions :i* exi/$ 9 ,japan long be=e ,buddhism came !re4 ,!re are also sacr$ books :i* h no connection ) ! ,buddhi/ writ+s4 ,! temples & prie/s are an innovation ( lat] days4 ,%9toism is & 0 ! ,/ate religion2 x is support$ by ! ,/ate2 its head is ! emp]or1 ! ,mikado2 its sacr$ books are b ! *ronicles ( its hi/ory1 & ! :ole sy/em is int]wov5 ) ! national life ( ,japan4 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,books ,,( ,,japan4 ,! ,kojiki & ! ,nihonki are ! two mo/ sacr$ ,%9to books4 ,! "o 0 writt5 #gaa ,a4,d41 ! o!r #gbj ,a4,d4 ,!y 7 compos$ long be=e ?is4 ,x always has be5 an ,ori5tal practice to commit books to memory4 ,?us ! ,h9du & ,p>see sacr$ books 7 pres]v$1 & ?us1 too1 ! anci5t ,japanese books h be5 kept4 ,)\t be+ writt5 out1 ^! books 7 h&$ d[n f m\? to m\?4 ,soon aft] ! inv5tion ( ! ,japanese writt5 *>act]s1 ^! records 7 r$uc$ to writ+4 ,! /ory ( ?is is ?us told3 8,z to ! hi/orical records ( ,japan1 x is fir/ m5tion$ t1 "u ! tw5tie? emp]or1 9 #dae ,a4,d41 (ficials 7 s5t into ! c\ntry to v]ify & describe ! names ( all ! families4 ,lat]1 a transcription ( ^! records 7orig9ally writt51 9 all probability1 9 ! old ,japanese lett]s1 #8! gods' lett]s1'7 9 ,*9ese *>act]s took place1 & 9 #fdd ,a4,d4 an hi/orical acc\nt ( ! emp]ors1 ! c\ntry1 ! (ficials & ! p is said to h exi/$1 :i* 0 de/roy$ :5 ,iruka 0 murd]$1 & 8 fa!r's palace1 9 :i* ^! records 7 kept1 0 burn$4 ,only ! hi/ory ( ! c\ntry 0 sav$4 ,f ?is "w1 z well z f :at ! old m5 ( ! :ole empire rememb]$1 a new compilation 0 made "u ! ,emp]or ,temmu 7#fgb-fhf ,a4,d471 & 9 ord] t x might n be lo/ aga91 x 0 read to a peasant girl1 nam$ ,ar1 :o 0 said nev] to =get any?+ %e _h once he>d4 ,f ?is record1 & f :at ,ar /ill rememb]$1 ! fir/ hi/orical record ( ,japan kn[n to u1 ! ,kojiki1 0 compil$ ab\t ?irty ye>s lat]40 ,^! works1 ?\gh hi/ories1 /rictly speak+1 are full ( /ories ( my?ology1 describ+ ! orig9 ( gods & m54 ,! my?ology ( ,japan is sup]ior to t ( ,greece4 ,x conta9s b few or none ( ! horrible /ories ( ! gods1 or ! voluptu\s am\rs ( gods & goddesses :i* s ab\nd 9 ,grecian my?ology4 ,"s ( _! my?s are really beautiful1 o!rs are v extravagant4 ,! orig9 ( gods1 ( m51 ( ! e>?1 are "h all describ$4 ,x beg9s ) ! "t :5 8,f> 9 ! deep inf9itudes ( space1 ,^u a ?rone ( sil5ce1 ,sat ,ame-no-mi-naka-nu%i-ro-kami40 ,?is /range "n signifies ,! ,"l ( ! ,c5tre ( ,heav54 ,! heav5s & e>? 7 !n jo9$ toge!r4 ,!re 0 no?+ b *aos4 ,pairs ( be+s 7 !n creat$1 male & female4 ,la/ ( all ,izanagi & ,izanami 7 creat$4 ,,japanese ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,creation4 ,x is said t ! o!r pairs ( be+s be=e ,izanagi & ,izanami 7 only _! imp]fect =ms or ! processes ?r\gh :i* !y pass$ be=e arriv+ at p]fection4 ,^! two be+s liv$ 9 ! heav5s4 ,! _w 0 n yet well =m$1 & ! soil float$ ab\t l a fi% 9 ! wat]1 b ne> ! surface1 & 0 call$ 8,! ,float+ ,region40 ,! sun1 e>? & moon 7 /ill atta*$ to ea* o!r l a head to ! neck1 or arms to ! body4 ,!y 7 little by little sep>at+1 ! p>ts jo9+ !m gr[+ ?9n] & ?9n]4 ,?is "p1 l an i/hmus1 0 call$ 8,heav5's ,float+ ,bridge40 ,x 0 on ?is bridge t ,izanagi & ,izanami 7 /&+ :5 !y saw a pair ( wagtails coo+ & bill+ sweetly toge!r4 ,! heav5ly c\ple 7 s delight$ ) ! sight t !y began to imitate ! birds4 ,?us began ! art ( love1 :i* mortals h practic$ to ?is day4 ,:ile talk+ toge!r on ?is ,bridge ( ,heav51 !y began to wond] if !re 0 a _w b5ea? !m4 ,!y look$ f> d[n ^u ! gre5 seas1 b c\ld see no?+6 ,!n ,izanagi took 8 long jewel$ spe> & plung$ x into ! turbid mass1 turn+ x r\nd & r\nd4 ,z he lift$ x up1 ! drops :i* trickl$ f x h>d5$ into e>? ( _! own accord1 & ?us dry l& 0 =m$4 ,z ,izanagi 0 cleans+ 8 spe> ! lumps ( muck & mud :i* _h adh]$ to x flew (f into space1 & 7 *ang$ into />s & comets4 ,x is also said t by turn+ 8 spe> r\nd & r\nd1 ,izanagi set ! e>? revolv+ 9 its daily revolutions4 ,to ! l& ?us =m$1 !y gave ! "n 8,! ,isl& ( ! ,congeal$ ,drop10 because !y int5d$ to create a l>ge ar*ipelago & wi%$ to di/+ui% ?is z ! fir/ isl&4 ,!y desc5d$ f ,heav5 on ! float+ bridge & l&$ on ! isl&4 ,izanagi /ruck 8 tall spe> 9 ! gr\nd mak+ x ! axis ( ! _w4 ,he !n proce$$ to build a palace ar\nd ! spe> :i* =m$ ! c5tral pill>4 ,! spot 0 =m]ly at ! ,nor? ,pole1 b is n[ at ,e%ima1 (f ! c5tral ea/]n coa/ ( ,japan4 ,!y next resolv$ to walk ar\nd ! isl& & exam9e x4 ,?is done1 !y met toge!r4 ,izanami cri$ out1 8,:at a lovely man60 ,b ,izanagi rebuk$ h] = speak+ fir/1 & said !y mu/ try x aga94 ,!n !y walk$ ar\nd ! isl& once m4 ,:5 !y met1 ,izanami held h] tongue :ile ,izanagi said1 8,:at a lovely woman60 ,be+ n[ bo? 9 good humor1 !y began ! "w ( creat+ ,japan4 ,! fir/ isl& br\ght up out ( ! wat] 0 ,anaji2 & !n ! ma9 isl&4 ,aft] t1 eight l>ge isl&s 7 creat$1 :5ce comes "o ( ! names ( ,japan1 8,! ,empire ( ! ,eight ,great ,isl&s40 ,six small] isl&s 7 also produc$4 ,! sev]al ?\s& islets :i* make up ! ar*ipelago ( 8,ev]la/+ ,great ,japan0 7 =m$ by ! spontane\s consolidation ( ! foam ( ! sea4 ,aft] ! c\ntry 0 ?us =m$ ! div9e pair creat$ eight millions ( e>?ly gods or ,kami1 & ! t5 ?\s& diff]5t ?+s on ! e>?4 ,vegetation sprung up ov] all ! l&1 :i* 01 h[ev]1 /ill cov]$ ) mi/4 ,s ,izanagi creat$ ) 8 brea? ! two gods1 male & female1 ( ! w9d4 ,all ^! isl&s are ! *ildr5 ( ,izanagi & ,izanami1 & :5 fir/ born 7 small & feeble1 b gradually grew l>g] & l>g]1 atta9+ _! pres5t size l human be+s1 :i* are at fir/ t9y infants4 ,z ! gradual sep>ation ( ! l& & sea w5t on1 =eign c\ntries 7 =m$ by ! congeal+ ( ! foam ( ! sea4 ,! god ( fire 0 !n born ( ,izanami1 8 "m4 ,?is god (t5 became v angry at any "o :o us$ unclean fire4 ,izanami !n creat$ by h]self ! gods ( metals1 ( clay1 & ( fre% wat]4 ,?is latt] god 0 comm&$ always to keep ! god ( fire quiet1 & put him out :5 he began to d mis*ief4 ,izanagi & ,izanami ?\gh m>ri$ b a %ort "t1 began to qu>rel4 ,izanami be+ v angry w5t d[n to ! l[] _w ( d>kness & disappe>$4 ,9 ! d>k _w "u ! e>? ,izanami /ay$ a long "t1 & aft] we>isome wait+1 ,izanagi w5t aft] h]4 ,9 ! d>kness ( ! "u-_w he 0 horrifi$ at :at he saw1 & leav+ 8 consort bel[ he tri$ to save himself & make 8 escape to ! e>? aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,god ,,creat$ ,,f ,,izanagi',s ,,/aff4 ,9 8 /ruggles sev]al gods 7 creat$1 "o ( !m com+ out ( 8 /aff4 ,:5 he got up to daylight1 he secur$ a l>ge rock to close up ! hole 9 ! e>?4 ,turn+ ?is rock into a god1 he comm&$ him to wat* ! place4 ,he !n ru%$ into ! sea1 & cont9u$ wa%+ = a long "t to purify himself4 ,9 bl[+ out f 8 lungs ! pollut$ air inhal$ 9 ! "u-_w1 ! two evil gods sprang =? f 8 brea?4 ,z ^! w\ld commit great h>m & wick$ness1 ,izanagi creat$ two o!r gods to correct _! evil4 ,b :5 he _h wa%$ 8 eyes & c\ld see cle>ly aga91 !re sprang out two preci\s & lovely be+s2 "o f 8 left eye be+ a r>e & gli/5+ maid51 :om he aft]w>d nam$ ,amat]asu1 or 8,! ,heav5 ,illum9at+ ,_s40 ,f 8 "r eye appe>$ ,susa-no ,o1 ! 8,rul] ( ! ,moon40 ,be+ n[ pure aga91 & hav+ ^! lovely *ildr51 ,izanagi rejoic$ & said1 8,i h begott5 *ild ^u *ild1 & at ! end ( my begett+1 ,i h begott5 me two jewel-*ildr540 ,n[ ! brightness ( ! p]son ( ! maid5 ,amat]asu 0 beautiful1 & %one ?r\gh ,heav5 & e>?4 ,izanagi1 well pleas$1 said3 8,?\gh my *ildr5 are _m1 none ( !m is l ?is wond]-*ild4 ,%e mu/ n be kept 9 ?is region40 ,s tak+ (f ! necklace ( preci\s /ones f 8 neck & rattl+ x1 he gave x to h]1 say+1 8,rule ?\ ov] ! ,high ,pla9 ( ,heav540 ,at t "t ! di/ance betwe5 ,heav5 & e>? 0 n v great1 & he s5t h] up to ! blue sky by ! ,heav5-unit+ pill>1 on :i* ! heav5s re/$ z on a prop4 ,%e easily m\nt$ x1 & liv$ 9 ! sun1 illum9at+ ! :ole heav5s & e>?4 ,! sun n[ gradually sep>at$ f ! e>?1 & bo? mov$ f>!r & f>!r ap>t1 until !y re/$ :]e !y n[ are4 ,izanagi next spoke to ,susa-no ,o1 ! ,rul] ( ! ,moon1 & said1 8,rule ?\ ov] ! new-born e>? & ! blue wa/e ( ! sea ) its multitud9\s salt wat]s40 ,?us ! heav5s1 & ! e>?1 & moon 7 creat$ & inhabit$4 ,& z ,japan lay directly opposite ! sun :5 x sep>at$ f ! e>?1 x is pla9 t ,japan lies on ! summit ( ! globe4 ,x is easily se5 t all o!r c\ntries 7 =m$ by ! spontane\s consolidation ( ! ocean foam & ! collection ( mud 9 ! v>i\s seas4 ,! />s 7 made to guide w>riors f =eign c\ntries to ! c\rt ( ! ,mikado1 :o is ! "o & only true son ( heav51 be=e :om all %\ld b[4 ,,! ,,emp]ors ,,desc5d$ ,,f ,,! ,,gods4 ,amat]asu1 on acc\nt ( h] bright beauty1 0 by h] fa!r made que5 ( ! sun1 & %>$ ) ! two creator-gods ! gov]nm5t ( ! _w4 ,9 s5d+ h] to h] dom9ion1 ,izanagi gave h] ! necklace ( preci\s /ones f 8 neck1 & told h] to g up by way ( ! float+ bridge4 ,z ! sun 0 !n ne>1 %e asc5d$ )\t difficulty4 ,desir+ aft]w>d to give ! gov]nm5t ( ! e>? to h] gr&son1 ,n9igi-no-mikoto1 aft] consid]able difficulty 9 gett+ ! god 9 possession to make way = him1 %e 0 able to c>ry out h] purpose & dispat* him to 8 po/4 ,%e proclaim$ him sov]eign ( ,japan = ev] & ev]1 & appo9t$ 8 desc5dants to rule x z long z ! heav5s & ! e>? endure4 ,be=e />t+ he receiv$ f 8 gr&mo!r1 ! sun-goddess1 ! ,?ree ,div9e ,insignia ( ! ,imp]ial ,p[] ( ,japan1 namely1 ! ,sacr$ ,mirror1 :i* is /ill wor%ip$ at ! ,naiku ,%r9e 9 ,is z repres5tative ( ! goddess2 ! ,sacr$ ,sword1 :i* is /ill en%r9$ at ! temple ( ,atsuta1 ne> ,nagoya1 at ! head ( ! bay ( ,ow>i2 & ! ,sacr$ ,/one1 or 8,magatama10 :i* is always 9 possession ( ! ,emp]or ( ,japan4 ,possess$ ( ^! div9e symbols1 & accompani$ by a numb] ( inf]ior gods1 ,n9igi-no-mikoto desc5d$ ^u ! ,float+ ,bridge ( ,heav51 or ! 8,ama-n\ki-ha%i40 ,gra9s ( rice 7 ?r[n broadca/ 9 ! air to dispel ! d>kness ( ! sky4 ,n9igi-no-mikoto 0 ! god :o 0 s5t d[n f ! ,sun-goddess1 ^: gr&*ild he 01 to take possession ( ! l&1 & x 0 8 (fspr+1 & ! (fspr+ ( 8 suite1 :o peopl$ ,japan4 ,n9igi-no-mikoto liv$ to ! age ( #caj1jjj ye>s2 8 son ,hohodemi liv$ to ! /ill rip] age ( #fcg1hib ye>s1 & a gr&*ild ( 81 ,ugaya1 di$ at ! rem>kable age ( #hcf1jdb ye>s4 ,he 0 ! fa!r ( ,jimmu ,t5no1 fir/ ,emp]or ( ,japan1 :o is1 at ! pres5t "t1 v widely wor%ip$ z a god4 ,illu/ration3 ,,jimmu ,,t5no1 ,,fir/ ,,emp]or ,,( ,,japan4 ,,! ,,sun-,,goddess ,,entic$ ,,f ,,! ,,cave4 ,! "y bro!r ( ! ,sun-goddess s s]i\sly (f5d$ 8 bright & beautiful si/] t %e w5t away & conceal$ h]self 9 ! cave ( ,am5o ,tuaya1 clos+ ! entrance ) a l>ge piece ( rock4 ,f ?is "t ! entire c\ntry 0 d>k1 & 0 giv5 up to ! noise & di/urbance ( all sorts ( inf]ior gods4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s 0 s di/ress+ t all ! gods assembl$ at ! cave's m\?1 on ! bank ( ! ,yasukawa ,riv]1 & delib]at$ ^u ! means to be adopt$ = induc+ ! petulant goddess to re-appe>1 = be x und]/ood t aft] ! bir? ( ! ,sun-goddess no light c\ld be obta9$ except f h] brightness1 z %e _h be5 appo9t$ to illum9ate ! space betwe5 e>? & ,heav51 & x 0 ! brightness ( h] body t %one ?r\gh ! sun4 ,at ! c\ncil ( ! gods x 0 decid$ to entice ! goddess =? by means ( an image ( h]self1 & "o ( ! gods & a blacksmi? made mirrors1 9 ! %ape ( ! sun1 ) iron br\ght f ,heav54 ,japanese mirrors are always made ( f9e metal1 n ( glass coat$ ) quicksilv]4 ,^? 9 common use are g5]ally five or six in*es 9 diamet]1 hav+ ! surface poli%$ ) great c>e & "s figures or fl[]s /amp$ ^u ! back4 ,! mirror is a ,%9to symbol4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! ,%9to %r9e ( ,is1 9 ! 8,holy ( ,holies0 ( t temple are f\nd f\r boxes ( unpa9t$ wood1 re/+ on l[ /&s4 ,^! are ! only objects to be f\nd "h4 ,9 ea* box1 wrapp$ 9 a brocade bag1 is a mirror4 ,on fe/ival days1 ^! boxes--b n ! mirrors--are expos$ to view4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%9toi/s ,,wor%ip+ ,,! ,,ris+ ,,sun4 ,! fir/ two mirrors produc$ by ! blacksmi?1 z /at$ above1 7 unsatisfactory1 b ! ?ird 0 l>ge & beautiful1 & is n[ ! deity ( ! inn] %r9e ( ,is4 ,! gods also plant$ hemp & pap] mulb]ry1 & ) _! fibre & b>k wove clo?+ = ! goddess4 ,!y also cut d[n trees & built a palace4 ,magatama jewels 7c>v$ & poli%$ pieces ( /one1 su* z 7 worn 9 ^? days z ornam5ts7 7 also produc$1 & w&s 7 made f sakaki bran*es & bamboo4 ,"o ( ! gods !n pull$ up a sakaki-tree by ! roots1 & on its upp] bran*es hung ! necklace ( jewels2 at ! middle he hung ! sacr$ mirror1 & to ! l[] bran*es he atta*$ bo? co>se & f9e clo?4 ,?is =m$ a l>ge gohei1 :i* 0 held by ,ama-no-futo-dama-no-mikoto1 :ile he pron\nc$ an address 9 honor ( ! goddess4 ,& goheis l ?is1 ) jewels1 mirrors & /rips ( clo? cut zigzag1 we /ill see 9 ! h&s ( ! "y prie/esses at ! %r9e ( ! goddess h]self1 & ! simpl] gohei or w&s1 ) /rips ( clo? or pap] atta*$1 are n[ to be se51 z !y h = ages be51 all ov] ,japan1 at e ,%9to temple or %r9e & 9 ?\s&s ( o!r places4 ,a numb] ( "y cocks 7 next collect$1 & set to cr[ 9 conc]t2 a /rong god 0 conceal$ by ! door ( ! cav]n1 to wre/ x op5 at ! favorable mom5t2 & a v r5[n$ goddess1 ,uzum1 0 set to dance1 bl[+ music out ( a bamboo tube pi]c$ ) holes1 :ile ! gods kept "t to h] p]=mance by /rik+ two pieces ( wood toge!r4 ,a sort ( h>p 0 made1 by plac+ six b[s toge!r1 ) ! /r+s upw>d4 ,?is 0 play$ by ! draw+ ( grass & ru%es across x4 ,uzum1 :o appe>s to h ent]$ ^u h] task ) great _s1 b\nd h] sleeves close up to ! arm-pits1 & grasp$ 9 h] h& a bundle ( twigs & a spe> w\nd r\nd ) grass & hav+ small bells atta*$ to x4 ,bon-fires 7 light$ & a circul> box or drum 0 plac$ = h] to dance ^u4 ,!n ?is "y goddess comm5c$ to tread ) measure ^u ! holl[ box & cause x to res\nd4 ,%e sang a six-syllable song or *>m ( numb]s1 &1 gradually quick5+ h] dance wr\ght h]self up to su* a pit* ( excitem5t1 or r 8su* a _s desc5d$ on ! goddess10 t %e loos5$ h] dress1 reveal+ m & m ( h] lovel9ess1 & at la/1 to ! int5se amazem5t & delight ( ! gods1 appe>s to h disc>d$ h] dress altoge!r4 ,) ! laught] ( ! gods ! heav5s %ook4 ,! address 9 h] honor1 ! /irr+ s\nds ( ! music & danc+1 & ! l\d & joy\s laught] ( ! gods 0 too mu* = ,amat]asu1 & slightly op5+ ! door1 %e s(tly said f inside1 8,i fanci$ t because ( my retirem5t bo? ,heav5 & ,japan 7 9 d>kness6 ,:y has ,uzum danc$ & :y d ! gods laugh80 ,uzum repli$1 8,i dance & !y laugh1 because !re is an honorable deity "h0 7po9t+ to ! mirror7 8:o surpasses y 9 glory20 & z %e said ?is1 ! mirror 0 pu%$ =w>d & %[n to ! ,sun-goddess1 reflect+ h] own radiant lovel9ess1 ( c\rse1 & h] a/oni%m5t 0 ev5 great] ?an be=e4 ,z %e peep$ out ( ! cave to look ar\nd1 ! /rong god pull$ ! rock-door op5 & drew ! bright goddess =?4 ,!n a rice-/raw rope 0 pass$ beh9d h]1 & "o ( ! gods said1 8,g n back beh9d ?is40 ,z !y 7 putt+ ! mirror into ! cave x 0 /ruck aga9/ ! door1 & receiv$ a flaw :i* rema9s to ?is day4 ,!y !n remov$ ! goddess to h] new palace1 &1 z an expression ( _! k9dly int]e/1 !y put a /raw rope r\nd x to keep (f evil gods4 ,,%9to ,,wor%ip4 ,buddhism 0 introduc$ into ,japan 9 #ecb ,a4,d4 ,up to ?is "t ,%9toism _h cont9u$ to be ! sole religion ( ,japan1 dur+ "s twelve hundr$ ye>s at lea/4 ,x is call$ by ! ,japanese !mselves1 ,kami-no-mi*i1 or 8,! ,way ( ! ,gods40 ,! religion consi/s ess5tially1 s !y say1 9 an implicit ob$i5ce to ! ,mikado4 ,he is ! desc5dant ( ! gods1 & 8 common designation is ,t5-,%i1 or 8,son ( ,heav540 ,! ,mikado has two cre/s1 "o1 repres5t+ ! *rysan!mum1 is us$ = gov]nm5t purposes4 ,! o!r1 repres5t+ ! leaf & blossoms ( ! ,paul[nia ,imp]ialis 7,kiri 9 ,japanese71 is us$ 9 ! bus9ess p]sonal to ! ,mikado & 8 family4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,mikado',s ,,coat-,,(-,,arms4 ,!re 7 no cre$s1 nor elaborate sy/ems ( doctr9es 9 _! religion4 ,! good gods 7 to be wor%ip$ s t !re might be an increase ( good gifts2 & ! evil gods1 s t !y might be appeas$4 ,! p pray$ = a suffici5cy ( food1 clo?+ & %elt]1 & twice ea* ye> held fe/ivals ( ,g5]al ,purification1 :5 ! :ole nation 0 purifi$ ( its s9s & pollutions4 ,! foll[+ pray] 0 to be us$ by ! ,mikado3 8,o ,god1 t dwelle/ 9 ! high pla9 ( ,heav51 :o art div9e 9 sub/ance & 9 intellect1 & able to give protection f guilt & its p5alties1 to bani% impurity1 & to cleanse u f uncleanness--,ho/s ( ,gods he> u & li/5 to ^! petitions60 ,illu/ration3 ,,raid51 ,,god ,,( ,,?und]1 ,,) ,,8 ,,/r+ ,,( ,,drums4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fut51 ,,god ,,( ,,w9ds1 ,,) ,,8 ,,huge ,,sack4 ,! emp]or 0 ! god dwell+ 9 ! fle%1 & 8 ance/ors 71 ( c\rse1 to be wor%ip$4 ,! fir/ emp]or1 ,jimmu ,t5no1 receives especial wor%ip & honor4 ,besides ^! gods--! deifi$ emp]ors & h]oes--!re 7 ho/s ( gods :o 7 ! deifi$ p[]s ( nature4 ,we h already spok5 ( ! sun-goddess & moon-goddess4 ,besides ^! !re 7 gods ( /orms1 w9ds1 ra91 ?und]1 f]tility1 ( m\nta9s1 fields1 seas & riv]s4 ,raid51 ! god ( ?und]1 is suppos$ to h a /r+ ( drums1 :i* he beats :5 x ?und]s4 ,! ,japanese say t :5 he is angry1 he ?r[s f ! cl\ds a t]rible creature l a cat1 ) iron claws & a hairy body4 ,fut51 ! god ( w9ds1 c>ries a huge sack slung ov] 8 %\ld]s1 ! m\? ( :i* is clos$ by 8 h&4 ,x bl[s a typhoon1 a gale1 or a breeze1 z he cl9*es 8 f+]s little or mu*4 ,besides ^! gods are a numb] ( gods ( occupations1 ( ! h\sehold1 ( ! "w-%op1 ! field & ! /ore4 ,! sun is "o ( ! mo/ common objects ( wor%ip among ! ,%9toi/s4 ,! c\ntry ( ,japan is (t5 call$ 8,! ,l& ( ! ,ris+ ,sun40 ,_! national flag is ( :ite ) a l>ge r$ sun 9 ! c5tre4 ,on ! top ( ,fuji-yama1 ! fam\s sacr$ m\nta91 & on ! sea-%ore1 pilgrims & prie/s (t5 ga!r to (f] _! wor%ip to ! ris+ sun4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,popul> ,,gods ,,& ,,%r9es ,,( ,,%9toism4 ,! *>act]i/ics ( 8,pure ,%9t0 are an abs5ce ( an e?ical & doctr9al code1 ( idol-wor%ip1 ( prie/craft1 & ( any tea*+s conc]n+ a future /ate1 & ! deification ( h]oes1 emp]ors & great m51 toge!r ) ! wor%ip ( c]ta9 =ces & objects 9 nature4 ,x is said t ! ,kami1 or gods1 numb] #ad1jjj1 ( :om #c1gjj are kn[n to h %r9es2 b1 practically1 ! numb] is inf9ite4 ,ea* hamlet has its special god1 z well z its ,mirja1 or %r9e2 & ea* *ild is tak5 to ! %r9e ( ! di/rict 9 :i* x is born1 a mon? aft] bir?1 & ! god ( t %r9e becomes 8 patron4 ,ea* god has its annual fe/ival1 :ile _m h p>ticul> days 9 ea* mon? on :i* p visit _! %r9es4--,,miss ,,isabella ,,bird4 ,,! ,,sev5 ,,h\sehold ,,gods4 ,mr4 ,griffis says3 ,e ,japanese *ild kn[s ! ,%i*ifuku ,j91 or ! sev5 ,patrons ( ,happ9ess4 ,!y h *>ge ( long life1 ri*es1 daily food1 cont5tm5t1 tal5ts1 glory & love4 ,_! images1 c>v$ 9 ivory1 wood1 /one1 or ca/ 9 bronze1 are f\nd 9 e h\se1 sold 9 ! /ores1 pa9t$ on %op-signs1 & f\nd 9 picture-books4 ,!y are a jolly company1 & make a happy family4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve1 a picture ( ! ,treasure-%ip 7,yak>bun71 lad5 ) ,%ipp 7! sev5 jewels7 & ) all ! good ?+s ( life :i* m5 mo/ desire1 is hung up 9 h\ses4 ,! %ip is com+ into port1 & ! pass5g]s are ! sev5 happy fairies :o w make gifts to ! p4 ,^! sev5 jewels are ! same z ^? :i* ,momot>o br\ght back f ! ,onis isl&4 ,illu/ration3 ,,daikoku1 ,,! ,,rice-,,god1 ,,on ,,8 ,,?rone ,,( ,,rice-,,bags4 ,fir/ !re is ,fukoruku ,j91 ! patron ( long life or l5g? ( days4 ,he has an enorm\sly high =ehead1 r\nd$ at ! top1 :i* makes 8 head look l a sug> loaf4 ,x is bald & %9y4 ,a few /ray :ite hairs sometimes spr\t up1 & ! b>b]1 to rea* !m1 has to prop a ladd] aga9/ 8 head to climb up & apply 8 razor4 ,?is big head comes f ?9k+ s mu*4 ,8 eyebr[s are :ite l cotton1 & a long1 sn[y be>d falls d[n ov] 8 brea/4 ,:5 9 a specially good humor1 he ties a h&k]*ief ov] 8 high1 slipp]y cr[n1 & all[s little boys to climb up on top--t is1 if !y are good boys1 & c write well4 ,:5 he wants to %[ h[ /rong & lively he is1 ev5 ?\gh s old1 he lets ,daikoku1 ! fat fell[1 ride on top ( 8 head :ile he smokes 8 pipe & wades across a riv]4 ,daikoku has to hold on tightly1 or he w slip d[n & get a duck+4 ,usually1 ! old %9y-head is a v solemn g5tleman1 & walks sl[ly along ) 8 /aff 9 "o h&1 :ile ) ! o!r he /rokes 8 long eyebr[s4 ,! tortoise & ! crane are always ) him1 = ^! are 8 pets4 ,sometimes a /ag1 ) hair :ite ) age1 walks beh9d him4 ,ev]ybody likes ,fukoruku ,j91 because e "o wants to get 8 favor & live until1 l a lob/]1 8 back is b5t ) age4 ,at a w$d+1 y w always see a picture ( :ite-be>d$ & %9y-pat$ ,fukoruku ,j94 ,illu/ration3 ,,fukoruku ,,j91 ,,! ,,god ,,:o ,,c ,,be/[ ,,long ,,life4 ,f a ,japanese ,picture %[+ _! conception ( ! way 9 :i* ! gods c sup]vise affairs 9 v>i\s places4 ,daikoku is a %ort *ubby fell[1 ) eyes half sunk 9 fat1 b tw9kl+ ) fun4 ,he has a flat cap set on 8 head1 a loose sack ov] 8 %\ld]s1 & big boots on 8 feet4 ,8 ?rone is two /raw bags ( rice1 & 8 badge ( (fice is a mallet or hamm]1 :i* makes p ri* :5 he %akes x4 ,! hamm] is ! symbol ( labor1 %[+ t p may expect to get ri* only by h>d "w4 ,"o end ( x is c>v$ to repres5t ! jewel ( ! ebb+ & ! fl[+ tides1 because m]*ants get ri* by comm]ce on ! sea1 & mu/ wat* ! tides4 ,he is (t5 se5 hold+ ! c\nt+-bo>d1 on :i* y c reckon1 d sums1 subtract1 multiply or divide1 by slid+ balls up & d[n a r[ ( /icks set 9 a frame1 in/ead ( writ+ ! figures4 ,beside him is a l$g] & day-book4 ,8 favorite animal is ! rat1 :i*1 l "s ri* m5's pets1 eats or runs away ) 8 weal?4 ,! great silv]-:ite radi% call$ daikon1 two feet long & z big z a man's calf1 is always se5 ne> him1 because x signifies fl\ri%+ prosp]ity4 ,he keeps 8 bag tightly %ut1 = money easily runs away :5 ! purse is once op5$4 ,he nev] lets g 8 hamm]1 = x is only by con/ant c>e t any "o c keep money aft] he gets x4 ,ev5 :5 he frolics ) ,fukoruku ,j91 & rides on 8 head1 he keeps 8 hamm] sw++ at 8 belt4 ,he has huge lop e>s4 ,once 9 a :ile1 :5 he wi%es to take ex]cise1 & ,fukoruku ,j9 wants to %[ h[ frisky he c be1 ev5 if he is old1 !y h a wre/l+-mat* toge!r4 ,daikoku ne>ly always beats1 because ,fukoruku ,j9 is s tall t he has to b5d d[n to grip ,daikoku1 :o is fat & %ort1 & ?us he becomes top-heavy4 ,!n ,daikoku gets 8 rival's long head "u 8 left arm1 seizes him ov] 8 back by ! belt1 & ?r[s him ov] 8 %\ld] flat on ! gr\nd4 ,b if ,fukoruku ,j9 c only get hold ( ,daikoku's lop e>s bo? fall toge!r4 ,!n !y laugh he>tily & try x aga94 ,illu/ration3 ,,dome/ic ,,alt> ,,( ,,! ,,gods ,,( ,,daily ,,food ,,& ,,( ,,rice4 ,ebisu is ! patron ( daily food1 :i* is usually rice & fi%1 & 9 old times 0 *iefly ! latt]4 ,he is ne>ly z fat z ,daikoku4 ,he we>s a c\rt noble's high cap4 ,he is always fi%+ or enjoy+ 8 game4 ,:5 v happy1 he sits on a rock by ! sea1 ) 8 "r leg b5t "u him1 & a big r$ fi%1 call$ ! tai1 a fi% l a p]*1 "u 8 left arm4 ,he c>ries a /raw wallet on 8 back to hold 8 fi% & keep x fre%4 ,(t5 he is se5 /&+ knee deep 9 ! wat]1 pole 9 h&1 wat*+ = a nibble4 ,"s say t ,ebisu is ! same scamp t goes by ! o!r "n ( ,sosano4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hotei1 ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,happ9ess4 ,hotei is ! patron ( cont5tm5t1 &1 ( c\rse1 is ! fa!r ( happ9ess4 ,he does n we> mu* clo?+1 = ! tru? is t all 8 prop]ty consi/s ( an old1 ragg$ wrapp]1 a fan & a wallet4 ,he is z r\nd z a pudd+1 & z fat z if roll$ out ( d\gh4 ,8 body is l a lump ( rice pa/ry1 & 8 limbs l dango dumpl+s4 ,he has lop e>s t hang d[n ov] 8 %\ld]s1 a trem5d\s d\ble *91 & a r\nd belly4 ,?\gh he w n let 8 be>d gr[ long1 ! slov5ly old fell[ nev] has x %av5 :5 he ought to4 ,he is a jolly vagabond & nev] fit = company2 b he is a great fri5d ( ! *ildr51 :o romp ov] 8 knees & %\ld]s1 pull 8 e>s & climb up ov] 8 %av5 head4 ,he always keeps some?+ good = !m 9 8 wallet4 ,sometimes he op5s x wide & !n makes !m guess :at is inside4 ,!y try to peep 91 b !y are n tall en\gh to look ov] ! edge4 ,he makes tops1 pa9ts pictures or kites = ! boys1 & is ! *ildr5's greate/ fri5d4 ,:5 ! sev5 patrons meet toge!r1 ,hotei is apt to dr9k m w9e ?an is good = him4 ,to%i-toku is almo/ ! only "o ( ! sev5 :o nev] lays aside 8 dignity4 ,he has a v grave c\nt5ance4 ,he is ! patron ( tal5ts4 ,8 pet animal is a spott$ fawn4 ,he travels ab\t a good deal to f9d & rew>d good boys :o are dilig5t 9 _! /udies1 & m5 :o are fitt$ to rule4 ,9 "o h& he c>ries a crook$ /aff ( bamboo1 at ! top ( :i* is hung a book or roll ( manuscript4 ,8 dress is l t ( a le>n$ doctor1 ) squ>e cap1 /ole & high-to$ slipp]s4 ,bi%amon is ! patron ( glory & fame4 ,he is a mighty soldi]4 ,he we>s a gold5 helmet1 brea/-plate & complete armor4 ,he is ! protector ( prie/s & w>riors4 ,he gives !m skill 9 f5c+1 horseman%ip & ar*]y4 ,he holds a pagoda 9 "o h& & a dragon sword 9 ! o!r4 ,8 pet animal is ! tig]4 ,six out ( ! jolly wor?ies are m54 ,b5t5 is ! only lady4 ,%e is ! patron ( ! family & ( ! sea4 ,%e plays ! flute & ! guit> = ! o!rs1 & amuses !m at _! fea/s1 sometimes ev5 danc+ = !m4 ,h] real home is 9 ,r9 ,gu1 & %e is ! que5 ( ! _w "u ! sea4 ,%e (t5 dwells 9 ! caves ( ! sea or ocean4 ,h] favorite animal is ! snake & h] s]vants are ! dragons4 ,once a ye> ! jolly sev5 meet toge!r to talk ov] old times1 relate _! adv5tures1 & h a luxuriant supp]4 ,!n !y proce$ to bus9ess1 :i* is to arrange all ! m>riages = ! com+ ye>4 ,!y h a great _m ske9s ( r$ & :ite silk1 :i* are ! ?reads ( fate ( ^? to be m>ri$4 ,! :ite ?reads are ! m51 ! r$ are ! wom54 ,at fir/ !y select ! ?reads v c>efully1 & tie a great _m pairs or c\ples neatly & /rongly toge!r1 s t ! mat*es are p]fect4 ,all su* m>riages ( ?reads make happy m>riages among human be+s4 ,b by & by !y get tir$ & lazy1 & in/ead ( ty+ ! knots c>efully1 !y hurry up ! "w & !n jumble !m c>elessly1 & f9ally toss & tangle up all ! re/4 ,?is is ! reason :y s _m m>riages are unhappy4 ,?is "w done !y beg9 to frolic l big boys4 ,b5t5 plays ! guit>1 & ,bi%amon lies d[n on ! floor re/+ ^u 8 elb[s to he> x4 ,hotei dr9ks w9e out ( a %all[ r$ cup :i* is z wide z a d9n] plate4 ,daikoku & ,fukoruku ,j9 beg9 to wre/le1 & :5 ,daikoku gets 8 man d[n he p\nds 8 big head ) an empty g\rd1 :ile ,to%i-toku & ,ebisu beg9 to eat tai fi%4 ,:5 ?is fun is ov]1 ,b5t5 & ,fukoruku ,j9 play a game ( *eck]s1 :ile ! o!rs look on & bet2 except ,hotei1 ! fat fell[1 :o is asleep4 ,f9ally !y get a%am$ ( !mselves = gambl+1 & aft] a few days1 ! p>ty breaks up & ea* "o goes to 8 regul> bus9ess aga94 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,m\nta94 ,almo/ ! fir/ object :i* meets ! gaze ( ! travel] aft] cross+ ! ,pacific ,ocean & z he ne>s ! l&1 is ! mat*less m\nta91 ,fuji-yama4 ,its sn[-cov]$ heights rise "s #ac1jjj feet above ! sea4 ,to ! p ( ,japan ?is is ! sacr$ m\nta94 ,x is depict$ on all _! lacqu]-w>e1 _! *9a-w>e & _! draw+s4 ,x is describ$ 9 all _! poems & sacr$ books4 ,x has a /rong hold on ! p4 ,x is a sleep+ volcano4 ,ne>ly #b1jjj feet ( its sides are cultivat$4 ,!n comes a wide belt ( =e/4 ,! asc5t ( ! m\nta9 is a sacr$ pilgrimage1 & !re are accord+ly a numb] ( roads to ! top1 ) n9e huts on ea* road4 ,! pilgrims are dress$ 9 :ite robes1 & pray to ! ris+ sun :ile climb+ ! m\nta9 sides4 ,sometimes "o may see sev]al hundr$s ( ,%9to pilgrims 9 _! :ite robes turn+ out f _! %elt]s1 & jo9+ _! *ants to ! ris+ sun4 ,! view ( ! long sweep+ sides ( ?is m\nta91 ris+ f an almo/ level pla9 & climb+ away to ! cl\ds1 ?r\gh :i* x ?ru/s its sn[-cr[n$ top1 is "o ( ! gr&e/ 9 ! _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,m\nta91 ,,fuji-,,yama4 ,,%9to ,,temples ,,& ,,gate-,,ways4 ,! temples are usually ( v simple /yle1 be+ con/ruct$ ( wood & ?at*$4 ,!y conta9 no idols2 b 9 ! c\rty>ds or approa*es figures ( real & imag9>y animals are n at all uncommon1 especially 9 ! case ( l>ge temples4 ,! approa* is spann$ by "o or m torii4 ,! torii1 x is n[ g5]ally admitt$1 0 orig9ally a p]* = ! f[ls (f]$ to ! gods1 n z food1 b to give w>n+ ( daybreak4 ,its pres5t use is n = ?is purpose1 b is simply z a decoration4 ,at ! out] %r9e ( ,is1 :i* is call$ ! gk1 !re is an imm5se numb] ( votive torii /&+ close to ea* o!r 9 long r[s4 ,b ! m common =m ( votive (f]+ is a l>ge lant]n1 sev]al feet 9 height1 & =m$ ei!r ( wr\ght /one or ( bronze4 ,^! are sometimes ( v l>ge size1 ev5 t5 or twelve feet high1 & are (t5 cr[d$ ?ickly ne> ! approa*es alike ( ,%9to & ,buddhi/ temples4 ,! wor%ip] does n ent] ! temple to wor%ip at a ,%9to %r9e4 ,he /&s 9 front ( x1 /rik+ 8 h&s toge!r1 & (f]s1 b[$1 & usually 9 sil5ce1 ! %ort & simple pray] :i* 8 own necessities dictate4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%9to ,,%r9e1 ,,ne> ,,yokohama1 ,,japan1 ,,) ,,wor%ip]s1 ,,vessel ,,( ,,holy ,,wat]1 ,,etc4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,t5to1 ,,or 8,,heav5ly ,,lant]n40 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,%r9es ,,( ,,is4 ,fir/ = sacr$ness among ! ,japanese ,%9to temples are ! ,%r9es ( ,is4 ,^! are to ,japan :at ,mecca is to ,mohamm$an l&s & :at ,j]usalem 0 to ! ,holy ,l&4 ,?\s&s ( pilgrims visit ^! %r9es e ye>4 ,sir ,e4 ,j4 ,re$1 ?us describes 8 visit3 8,at ! entrance we 7 met by two ,%9to prie/s1 :o _h be5 deput$ to %[ u ! sacr$ place4 ,pass+ "u ! torii1 we 7 at once amid trees ( an age & magnitude n (t5 equal$4 ,)9 ! temple-limits we came fir/ to a small edifice1 9 :i* 0 ! :ite horse ( ! deity ( ! place1 :i* happ5$ to be an artificial horse1 ! real "o hav+ rec5tly di$1 & ano!r n be+ =?com+ at pres5t1 = reasons :i* ,i did n le>n4 ,soon aft]w>d we came to two liv+ black horses1 consecrat$ to ! s]vice ( ! temple1 & m p>ticul>ly = ! god ( ! place--#8! god ( food1 clo!s & h\se liv+1' accord+ to "o au?ority2 or1 #8! god ( ! e>?'s produce1' z ano!r has x1 to ride ^u 9 ! processions ( ! great temple c]emonials4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%r9es ,,( ,,is1 ,,! ,,mo/ ,,sacr$ ,,place ,,( ,,%9toism4 8,!re are second>y deities wor%ip$ !re1 ! *ief ( :om is ! adopt$ gr&son ( ! sun-goddess & ! great-gr&fa!r ( ! fir/ ,mikado1 ,jimmu ,t5no1 :o comm5c$ 8 reign 9 ! ,japanese ye> #a4 ,accord+ to ! leg5d1 ! goddess wi%$ to s5d h] adopt$ son1 ,o%i-ho-mimi-no-mikoto1 d[n ^u e>? to subdue x1 b he put =? 8 own son in/ead z lead] ( ! exp$ition4 ,! goddess !n pres5t$ ,n9igi-no-mikoto ) v>i\s treasures1 ! mo/ important among :i*--& "h we t\* ^u ! c5tral sacr$ness alike ( ! race ( ,mikados & ( ! symbols ( ! ,%9to fai?--7 ! mirror1 sword & /one1 or ball 7aft]w>ds ! regalia ( ! ,japanese sov]eigns74 ,%e also atta*$ to 8 p]son ! o!r two inf]ior gods ( ,geku4 ,) ref]5ce to ! mirror1 %e said1 #8,look ^u ?is mirror z my _s2 keep x 9 ! same h\se & on ! same floor ) y\rself1 & wor%ip x z if y 7 wor%ip+ my actual pres5ce4' 8,pass+ "u ano!r torii ( pla91 unpa9t$ timb]1 l all ! torii ( ! ,is %r9es1 we came to ! out] gate ( ! temple prop]1 to :i* alone ( ?ree successive gates we & ! o!r pilgrims 7 all[$ to approa*4 ,) c]ta9 extremely r>e exceptions1 ext5d+ only to ! ,mikado & commission]s ( 81 none b prie/s are all[$ to pass ?is fir/ gate4 ,x 0 an op5 gate1 h[ev]1 ) a simple :ite curta9 or clo? ?r[n across x1 bl[+ ab\t z ! w9d li/$4 ,?r\gh ?is op5 gate1 or pa/ ! sides ( x1 if y pref]r$ to /& !re1 y c\ld see ! next gate1 & beyond t aga9 0 a ?ird1 & !n came ! temple prop]1 :i* c\ld n be se54 ,?is 0 all6 ,! build+s1 z f> z se51 7 all ( ! pla9e/ possible k9d1 n unlike sub/antial1 well-?at*$ f>m-build+s at home4 ,! mirror at ?is out] temple 0 n ! orig9al mirror1 & ! prie/ did n = a mom5t lead u to suppose t x 04 ,!re 01 9 fact1 no pret5ce ( any k9d ab\t ! place4 ,! anci5t build+s & ! pla9 :ite curta9 7 left to produce t :i* is p]haps ! deepe/ & mo/ la/+ ( all impressions made by religi\s ext]nals1 namely1 t ( comb9$ simplicity & antiquity4 ,( ?is out] temple ,i ne$ only add1 t x is 9 e respect a sequel & app5dage to ! inn] & m anci5t temple1 hav+ be5 built by ! desire ( ! goddess ( ! old] ,is temple1 :o wi%$ to h ! deity ,toy\k ne> h]4 ,?is1 ! out] & lat] temple1 dates f ! reign ( ! tw5ty-second ,mikado ( ! pres5t reign+ dyna/y1 ,yuriaku1 9 ! ye> #dgi ,a4,d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,a ,,%9to ,,temple1 ,,%[+ ,,! ,,arrangem5ts ,,= ,,wor%ip4 8,soon aft]w>ds we />t$ = ! inn] temple1 ,naiku4 ,"h is kept ! orig9al sacr$ mirror1 :i* is ! mo/ preci\s emblem ( ! ,%9to fai?1 & :i*1 ) ! sacr$ sword & ball1 is also ! au!nticat+ memorial ( ! imp]ial dyna/y4 ,s all ,japan has reg>d$ x = #b1ejj ye>s1 ev5 d[n to #ahfh1 & s mo/ ( ! p reg>d x /ill4 ,?is temple came to be built 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,! sacr$ emblems ( ! national religion _h1 up to ! "t ( ! great ,mikado ,suj91 be5 kept 9 ! imp]ial palace or temple2 b he1 z "s say to increase _! safety1 & z o!rs allege because he view$ a rebellion :i* broke out z a m>k ( div9e disapprobation ( _! rema9+ 9 8 cu/ody1 gave !m into ! *>ge ( 8 daught]1 9 a temple d$icat$ to !m4 ,!y 7 subsequ5tly remov$ & c>ri$ f place to place1 b at l5g?1 9 ! tw5ty-six? ye> ( ! reign ( ,su99 ,t5no1 & !re=e 9 ! ye> #c ,b4,c41 x 0 resolv$ to fix ! mirror at ! village ( ,uji on ! ,riv] ,suzugawa1 & !re & !n ! pres5t temple 0 built4 ,! old build+ does n exi/4 ,on ! contr>y1 a new temple is erect$ e tw5ty ye>s1 b ea* new temple is an exact repetition ( ! orig9al1 & !re=e ! pres5t "o is a p]fect repres5tation ( ! ar*itecture ( ,japan at ! "t ( ,*ri/4 ,! pr9cipal deity "h wor%ip$ is ,amat]asu1 ! sun-goddess h]self4 8,! gate-way 0 op51 & hung1 l t ( ! o!r temple1 ) a long :ite curta91 & beyond 7 se5 ano!r torii & o!r gate-ways1 b no?+ c\ld be se5 ( ! temple itself1 & z little1 ( c\rse1 ( ! heav5-wr\ght mirror )94 ,z we /ood1 h[ev]1 ! pilgrims cont9u$ to come1 ( bo? sexes & all ages1 & ca/+ ^u ! gr\nd a few co9s1 "s wrapp$ 9 pap]1 /oop+1 clapp+ _! h&s1 & utt]+ a few words ( pray]1 ?us atta9$ & complet$ ! object = :i* _! j\rney+s _h be5 und]tak54 ,i ask$ if ?is 0 all !y saw & did1 & 0 told t x 04 ,i inquir$ if !y att5d$ no religi\s s]vice1 saw no dances1 he>d no music1 receiv$ no advice2 & f\nd t z a rule !y did n4 ,0 no bless+ pron\nc$1 no simple memorial ( "s k9d pres5t$ to !m8 ,no?+2 b !y all b\ght little mem5tos ( ! place at ! /all 9 ! gr\nds or at ! %ops 9 ! village4 ,:at 0 x !y said dur+ ! m9ute or two t !y /oop$ be=e ! %r9e8 ,!y no d\bt ask$ = :atev] !y want$ 9 p>ticul>1 & g5]ally = long life1 & ! means ( life & happ9ess 9 ! ye>s to come4 8,our companions1 ! prie/s1 sugge/$ t we ought to see "o ( ! c]emonial dances ( ! temple1 & to ?is we gladly ass5t$ on le>n+ t x w\ld n be a repetition ( :at we _h se5 at ,osaka & ,n>a1 b t x 0 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t description1 h&$ d[n f g5]ation to g5]ation at ^! ,is %r9es4 ,! room _h an alt> at ! end opposite ! entrance1 ov] :i* 0 a l>ge mirror4 ,r\nd ! alt> & walks 7 an abundance ( goheis1 & ( b&s & tassels4 ,at ! alt>-end ( ! room a prie/ sat on "o side1 & along ea* ( ! side walls 7 ! musicians & danc]s1 all sitt+ on _! heels4 ,! musicians1 :o 7 also s+]s1 7 all m52 ! danc]s 7 q "y girls attir$ 9 :ite & r$1 ) frontlets ( brass1 f ea* end ( :i* dep5d$ a cord & tassel4 ,on ! tops ( _! heads 7 l>ge bun*es ( fl[]s2 _! back hair 0 9 a queue1 ) tassels atta*$1 surm\nt$ ) gilt b[s & ribbons4 ,!re 7 two equally "y girls 9 r$ & blue ) pla9] head-dresses1 :o 9 a c]ta9 way att5d$ on ! o!rs4 ,! dance began by a subord9ate prie/ com+ 9 by a side entrance ) a wet bran* ( ! sacr$ sakaki tree 9 8 h&4 ,aft] b[+ to ! %r9e1 he turn$ to ! visitors1 & wav$ x a few times swiftly be=e !m1 & !n disappe>$4 ,return+ aga9 to ! same entrance1 he h&$ 9 to ! two blue-&-r$ att5dants1 trays ( h]bs1 rice & fruits 9 succession4 ,^! 7 borne c]emoni\sly elevat$ to ! six prie/esses1 :o convey$ !m 9 a simil> mann] to ! alt>1 plac+ ! cont5ts ( ! fir/ two trays ^u an inn] alt>1 & ^? ( ! rema9+ f\r ^u an out] alt>1 !n return+ ! trays to _! two att5dants1 :o pass$ !m out ( ! build+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c]emonial ,,dance ,,( ,,! ,,%9to ,,prie/s4 8,:ile ?is 0 proce$+1 ! b& s5t =? :at s\nd$ to me z wail+1 implor+1 importunate s\nds1 ) an occasional rap ^u ! drum = emphasis4 ,! prie/1 :o wore ! anci5t head-dress l t ( ! ,mikado1 n[ rose1 & aft] a few obeisances be=e ! mirror sat d[n ^u 8 heels1 fac+ ! alt>1 & inton$ a pray]1 or novito1 f a l>ge %eet ( pap] held outspread be=e him1 ! musicians1 & danc]s1 & att5dants all sitt+ ) b[$ heads to its end4 ,small bran*es ( sakaki 7 n[ br\ght to ! prie/esses1 & ! dance took place to an accompanim5t ( liveli] music4 ,! dance compris$ no v active movem5ts1 b consi/$ ma9ly ( %ort1 sl[ & grave prom5ad+1 ) occasional /ately b[+s & mu* sl[ wav+ ( ! bran*es4 ,?is ov]1 a boy ent]$1 dress$ 9 ! milit>y undress robes ( a kug 7c\rt noble7 ( ! old5 "t1 & hold+ 9 8 h&s a bran* ( sakaki1 ) a p5dant hoop1 d\btless 9 lieu ( a mirror4 ,he danc$1 z x is call$1 to mu* l\d] music1 b ! danc+ 0 little m ?an fur!r prom5ad+ & mak+ c]ta9 sweep+ movem5ts ) ! bran* ( sakaki1 ) an occasional high /ep4 ,( c\rse1 x is a great pity = ! significance ( all ?is to be lo/2 b no?+ explanatory c\ld be elicit$ f any ( ! ,japanese pres5t1 & f ! answ]s ( ! prie/s ,i inf] t if ! v>i\s movem5ts ( ^! dances ev] _h any great & special significance1 ! remembrance ( x is pretty ne>ly or q lo/4 ,! prie/ next came =w>d aga91 &1 aft] elevat+ ! writt5 pray] a few times be=e ! %r9e1 left ! build+ by ! side door4 ,! process ( plac+ ! fruits & o!r (f]+s ^u ! alt> 0 n[ rev]s$1 & ev]y?+ 0 remov$ f ! alt>s & tak5 away1 ! music mean:ile play+ l\d & joy\s /ra9s4 ,) ?is end$ ! mo/ anci5t ( ! dances 9 ! mo/ sacr$ national %r9e ( ,japan40 ,v great *anges h occurr$ 9 ,japan s9ce ! ye> #ahfh1 :5 ! ,mikado became ! temporal z well z ! spiritual head ( ! ,empire4 ,! int]e/s ( ,%9toism h suff]$ 9 ! *ange4 ,pr(4 ,max ,mll] e/imates t !re are n[ only #bjj1jjj ,%9toi/s 9 all ,japan4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,! ,,d>k ,,cont95t4 ,yes1 ! great ,buffalo#c sleeps2 8 mightie/ victory 0 8 la/4 ,8 w>riors h[l 9 va91 8 necromanc]s gaze agha/4 ,feti*1 nor magic w&1 nor amulet ( d>nel1 ,c *>m back life to ! clay-cold he>t & limb4 ,,f]d9& ,,freiligra?4 ,x is only ( late ye>s t mu* has be5 kn[n ( ! p ( ! he>t ( ,africa4 ,explor]s h pass$ ?r\gh its bord]s2 along its coa/s travel]s h w&]$1 b few h1 until rec5tly1 pu%$ on into ! int]ior4 ,ev5 to-day !re are va/ regions unexplor$4 ,( ! millions ( peoples inhabit+ ^! p>ts we "k only t :i* ! ,arab slave-deal]s1 & "s native ,african trad]s h told u4 ,! extreme po9ts1 ,nor?1 ,s\?1 ,ea/ & ,we/ ,africa h be5 kn[n = _m ye>s4 ,! int]ior1 /ret*+ back f ,upp] ,egypt1 & ext5d+ cle> across to ! ,riv] ,nig]1 has be5 b little travel$ by =eign]s4 ,f ,zanzib> on ! s\?-ea/1 radiat+ l a fan1 explor]s h pass$ to ! great lakes to ! nor?-we/1 ! ,victoria ,nyanza & ,alb]t ,nyanza1 to ! we/ to ,tanganyika ,lake1 & to ! s\?-we/1 ! ,nyassa & ,bangweolo ,lakes4 ,to ! we/ ( ^! lakes1 sav+ only ! c\ntries ly+ along ! banks ( ! ,lualaba1 ,liv+/one1 or ,congo ,riv]1 along :i* ,/anley travel$1 ! l& is almo/ unkn[n4 ,ev5 ( ! ,african peoples among :om ,europeans h liv$1 x is difficult to le>n mu* ( _! religions4 ,fir/1 because !y h no sacr$ books1 no records1 9 fact no writ+ at all4 ,_! traditions & tea*+s h all be5 h&$ d[n by ^w ( m\?4 ,aga91 ! ,africans are unwill+ to tell =eign]s ab\t _! religi\s beliefs1 cu/oms & wor%ips4 ,x is difficult to ga9 _! confid5ce4 ,:5 "o asks !m ab\t x1 !y give evasive answ]s1 or pret5d to "k no?+ ab\t ! matt]4 ,?is fact has l$ to ! supposition t "s ( ^! peoples _h no religi\s nature :atev]1 b t !y =m$ an exception to ! g5]al evid5ce 9 favor ( man's religi\s nature4 ,yet travel]s h by pati5t inve/igation1 obs]vation & inquiry le>n$ consid]able4 ,!y h comp>$ _! conclusions1 & h s be5 able to give u "s idea ( ! gods & religions ( ,africa4 ,! ,africans h no build+s ( brick or /one1 & h no k1 seem+ly1 ( writ+4 ,^! two facts h be5 br\ght to %[ t ! ,africans mu/ h left ! re/ ( ! family ( mank9d v soon aft] ! ,deluge4 ,! ,africans are1 ) ! exception ( "s ( ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&]s1 & ! ,aborig9es ( ,au/ralia1 ! mo/ degrad$ p on ! face ( ! e>?4 ,b "h & !re among !m are small nations :o are intellig5t1 & %rewd1 & possess$ ( capabilities :i* place !m above _! fell[-,africans4 ,! ,african peoples are ( all %ades ( color1 f blacke/ black to pure/ :ite1 & j s d !y v>y v greatly 9 po9t ( intellig5ce4 ,yet ! be/ are v degrad$1 & ! wor/ are b little above ! bea/s ( field or =e/4 ,if ! ,gospel ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is ne$$ any:]e1 x is among ! peoples ( ! ,d>k ,cont95t4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,lawy] ,,( ,,zulul&4 ,,african ,,belief ,,9 ,a ,,god ,,or ,,gods4 ,!re are to be f\nd ev5 yet traces ( ! high position f :i* ! ,africans h fall5 9 _! degradation4 ,"o ( ^! traces is ! univ]sal belief 9 a ,god or gods4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 is no su* exalt$ idea ( a ,supreme ,be+ z is to be f\nd among ,*ri/ian nations or ev5 among ! bett] nations ( hea!ns1 b /ill x is a ,great ,"o 9 :om !y believe4 ,?is belief is n ! result ( reason+1 ( obs]vation ( ! p[]s ( nature or ( /udy ( _! own human nature1 b is an inborn conception4 ,ap>t f revelation1 ap>t f argum5t1 f cause & effect1 f design1 f gov]nm5t or f any?+ else1 m5 mu/ believe 9 a ,god or gods4 ,h5ce we are n a/oni%$ at f9d+ t among all ! ,africans !re is ?is belief4 ,_m ( _! ideas ( ,god are horrible1 %ock+ & revolt+1 o!rs aga9 atta* no evil ideas to _! gods1 b exalt !m 9 a v high degree4 ,,pray+ ,,= ,,ra94 ,9 ,s\?-ea/]n ,africa1 along ! ,zambesi ,riv]1 ! p pray to a god1 ) :om !y connect no impure traditions or degrad$ wor%ip4 ,:5 9 dang] ( w> or fam9e1 !y appeal to ?is god4 ,!y call him ,mpambi4 ,! wor%ip is ( ?is k9d3 ,:5 fam9e is ?reat5$ because ra9 is )held1 ! p ( a village resort to a cle>$ space ( gr\nd1 inclos$ by a f5ce4 ,"h a pray]-hut is erect$4 ,wom5 & m5 wor%ip toge!r4 ,g5]ally a pr9cess hav+ 9 "o h& a basket conta9+ ,indian corn-meal1 & 9 ! o!r a pot ( native be]1 or ,pombi1 goes into ! hut1 :]e %e c be se5 & he>d4 ,%e puts ! basket & j> on ei!r side ( h] & spr9kl+ a h&ful ( meal on ! floor1 cries1 8,imva ,mpambi1 ,adza m\la60 7,he>1 ,o ,god1 & s5d ra967 ,! p respond by g5tly clapp+ _! h&s & *ant+1 ,he>1 ,o ,god6 ,?is is repeat$ until all ! meal is us$ up4 ,!n ! j> ( ,pombi is empti$ on ! floor4 ,! woman !n comes out ( ! hut1 clos+ ! door4 ,?r[+ !mselves ^u _! backs1 %e & ! p unite 9 pray+ 8,he>1 ,o ,god1 s5d ra960 ,!n %e arises1 wa%es h]self 9 a j> ( wat] :i* /&s be=e ! *ief4 ,!n all ! wom5 take _! calaba% cups & ?r[ ! wat] into ! air1 ) frantic ge/iculations4 ,among ! ,zulus ! lightn+ & ?und] 7 repres5t$ z com+ f 8,! ,"l 9 ,heav540 ,if lightn+ /ruck & kill$ ! cattle ! p 7 n di/ress$4 ,x 0 said 8,! ,"l has slaught]$ = ,himself among ,8 own flock4 ,is x y\rs8 ,is x n ! ,"l's8 ,he is hungry2 ,he kills = ,himself40 ,if a village is /ruck ) lightn+ & a c[ is kill$1 !y say 8,?is village w be prosp]\s40 ,if a man is kill$1 ?us !y said1 8,! ,"l has f\nd fault ) him40 ,:5 !y pray = ra91 ! heads ( ! village select "s black ox5 7l ! black cl\ds :i* br+ ra97 & "o is kill$ 9 sacrifice4 ,its fle% is eat5 9 ! h\se 9 sil5ce4 ,! bones are burnt outside ( ! village4 ,aft] ?is a song is sung1 or humm$1 = no words are us$4 ,,! ,,hott5tots' ,,god1 ,,g\nja ,,g\nja4 ,! ,hott5tots call ,god 8,g\nja ,g\nja0 or 8,g\nja ,ticquoa40 ,!y are said to h no div9e wor%ip1 & few1 if any1 religi\s c]emonies1 &1 9 _! savage /ate1 appe> a v /upid race1 almo/ void ( ! p[] ( reason1 )\t any k ( div9e subjects1 & b a vague notion t !re is "o great ,"l ( all1 & likewise an evil _s1 a devil4 ,!y obs]ve a ye>ly fe/ival :5 ! sev5 />s appe> toge!r1 at ! beg9n+ ( summ]4 ,! p>5ts wake _! *ildr5 :5 ^! />s appe>1 & g ) !m into ! fields1 :]e !y dance & s+4 ,_! song is1 8,o ,ticquoa1 ?\ ,fa!r ov] our heads1 give u ra91 t all our fruits may rip5 & we may h food 9 pl5ty40 ,,! ,,bu%m5',s ,,god4 ,! ,bu%m5 believe t !re is a god 9 ! sky1 :om !y call ,kaang1 or *ief4 ,"o ( ! ,bu%m5 says ( 8 c\ntrym53 8,!y p]=m a k9d ( religi\s wor%ip to two rocks1 ! "o repres5t+ a male1 & ! o!r a female4 ,:5 go+ out to hunt1 !y implore ! aid ( ^! deities to provide !m ) food4 ,fir/ !y g to ! male rock1 & /rike x ) a /ick4 ,if x s\nds1 !y believe ! report is he>d 9 ,heav51 & !y w h success2 b if !y get no?+1 !y repair to ! female rock1 :i* !y ?9k is inhabit$ by a malici\s _s1 & beat x well1 upbraid+ x1 say+3 #8,:y d y by y\r hidd5 arms cause all ! game to be %ot dead s t we c f9d none4'0 ,illu/ration3 ,,k+ ,,c(fee',s ,,protect+ ,,god4 ,all ! tribes ( ,we/]n ,africa %[ "s belief 9 gods4 ,! ,mohamm$ans & ! ,portuguese & ,engli% trad]s h ( late ye>s affect$ ! peoples' notions to "s ext5t2 b f ! descriptions ( e>li] travel]s we c see :at _! belief 04 ,9 ,si]ra ,leone !y call$ ,god 8,can\20 on ! ,gambia ,riv]1 !y call$ _! god 8,*9a40 ,! ,niam-,niams call _! god 8,noro40 ,among ! ,africans are f\nd _m traditions ( ! orig9 ( ! _w & ( m54 ,among ! ,zulus1 ! foll[+ tradition is held1 :i* w s]ve z a specim53 ,,zulu ,,tradition ,,( ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,m54 ,umkululu1 ! fir/ man1 _h 8 orig9 9 a valley ( ?is _w1 :]e !re 0 a b$ ( re$s4 ,he sprung f ! b$ ( re$s1 & a woman 7a wife7 sprung f ! same b$ ( re$s aft] him4 ,!y _h b "o "n1 t ( ,umkulunkulu2 & m5 sprung f ,umkulunkulu by g5]ation4 ,all ?+s1 z well z ,umkulunkulu1 sprung f a b$ ( re$s2 ev]y?+1 bo? animals & corn com+ into be+ ) him4 ,he look$ ^u ! sun :5 x 0 f9i%$1 & said3 8,!re is a tor* :i* %all give y light1 t y may see40 ,he look$ on ! cattle1 & said3 8,!re are cattle2 be ye brok5 (f1 & let ! cattle be y\r food2 eat _! fle% & dr9k _! milk40 ,he look$ on wild animals1 & said3 8,t is su* an animal2 t is an elephant2 t is a buffalo40 ,he look$ on ! fire1 & said3 8,k9dle x1 & cook1 & w>m y\rself1 & eat meat :5 9 has be5 dress$ by ! fire40 ,he look$ on all ?+s1 & said3 8,s-&-s is ! "n ( ev]y?+40 ,among ! ,basutos !re is a leg5d t m5 & animals came f ! int]ior ( ! e>?1 out ( an imm5se hole4 ,,good ,,& ,,bad ,,spirits4 ,betwe5 ! ,supreme ,be+ & man1 ! ,africans believe t !re are a va/ numb] ( spirits4 ,!y are n afraid ( ,god1 b !y h an int5se dread ( ^! spirits4 ,!y believe t ,god is too f> (f to hurt !m mu*1 b !y believe t ! _w ( spirits is ar\nd !m4 ,ev5 :5 ,god does s5d lightn+ or ?und]1 = in/ance1 x is because ! spirits br+ !m d[n4 ,to _! imag9ations ^! spirits p ! d>kness ) hide\s %apes1 poison ! light ) _! pres5ce1 sweep ov] ! pla9s 9 ! =ms ( wild bea/s1 fill ! =e/s1 inhabit trees1 live on ! tops ( ! m\nta9s1 & 9 ! seclud$ recesses ( caves & valleys2 make _! homes 9 ! sea1 ! lakes & ! riv]s2 ! air is full ( !m1 ! e>? teems ) !m2 fire is n free f _! pres5ce1 & human be+s are possess$ by !m4 ,to !m1 also1 !y attribute ! sorr[s & ! suff]+s1 ! mis=tunes1 &1 9 mo/ cases1 ! dea?s ( mank9d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,prie/s' ,,trick ,,( ,,rais+ ,,an ,,idol ,,out ,,( ,,! ,,e>?4 ,z else:]e1 !re are m5 :o take advantage ( ! sup]/iti\s condition ( _! fell[ c\ntrym51 & make ga9 ( x4 ,?ree prie/s once assur$ _! foll[]s t !y c\ld raise an idol out ( ! gr\nd1 & w\ld d x ! next day4 ,dur+ ! night !y dug a hole1 9 :i* !y plac$ a lot ( dri$ peas & an idol's head & %\ld]s4 ,!y cov]$ all up c>efully4 ,j be=e daylight !y took "s wat] & p\r$ x ^u ! peas4 ,! p ga!r$ e>ly 9 ! morn+ to see ! prie/s keep _! promise4 ,!y came =?1 &1 z ! peas gradually swell$1 began _! incantations & murmur+s1 &1 ( c\rse1 v soon ! idol appe>$1 & ! delud$ p 7 abundantly satisfi$4 ,,! ,,_s ,,9 ,,! ,,insect4 ,! ,hott5tots believ$ t ! good spirits sometimes came 9 ! =m ( a w+$ insect1 hav+ a gre5 back1 a belly speckl$ ) :ite & r$1 & ) two horns4 ,!y wor%ip$ ?is insect :]ev] !y f\nd x4 ,if ?is insect alight$ on a ,hott5tot he 0 look$ ^u z a man )\t fault1 & di/+ui%$ & rev]5c$ z a sacr$ p]son ev] aft]4 ,8 neighbors glori$ t !y _h su* a favor$ mortal among/ !m1 & publi%$ ! fact f> & ne>4 ,! fatte/ ox belong+ to ! kraal 0 kill$ z a ?ank-(f]+1 & all ! p kept fe/ival = days4 ,! case 0 9 e respect ! same if ! insect alight$ ^u a woman2 %e 0 reg>d$ z a sanctifi$ p]son & ! delight ( ! _s4 ,! son ( a ,g]man1 :o _h giv5 leave to "s ,hott5tots to turn _! cattle ^u 8 l&1 0 amus+ himself "o day 9 ! kraal1 :5 ?is insect appe>$4 ,! ,hott5tots imm$iately ran tumultu\sly to adore x1 :ile ! "y ,g]man ran to cat* x1 9 ord] to see :at ! effect w\ld be among/ !m4 ,he seiz$ x 9 ! mid/ ( !m4 ,! cry ( agony 0 g5]al :5 !y saw x 9 8 h&s4 ,!y />$ ) di/raction 9 _! eyes at him & at "o ano!r4 8,see1 see1 see60 said !y4 8,:at is he go+ to d8 ,w he kill x80 ,!y 7 wild ?r\gh appreh5sion ( its fate4 8,:y10 said he1 8d y make su* a hide\s noise2 & :y are y 9 su* agony ab\t ?is paltry creature80 8,ah60 !y repli$1 ) utmo/ conc]n1 8x is a div9ity4 ,x is come f ,heav54 ,x is come on a good design4 ,d n hurt x2 d n (f5d x4 ,we are ! mo/ mis]able wret*es on e>? if y d4 ,?is gr\nd w lie "u a curse1 & ! crime w nev] be =giv540 ,?is 0 n en\gh = ! "y ,g]man1 :o det]m9$ to c>ry ! exp]im5t a little fur!r1 & made z ?\gh he c]ta9ly int5d$ to maim or de/roy x4 ,on ?is ! p ran ab\t1 & scream$ z ?\gh !y 7 frantic2 !y fell pro/rate on ! gr\nd be=e him1 & ) /ream+ eyes & l\de/ cries bes\ght him to sp>e ! creature & give x its lib]ty4 ,hav+ suffici5tly te/$ ! reality ( _! belief 9 ?is insect-god1 he let x fly1 & !y %\t$ 9 all ! transports ( joy4 ,,feti* ,,wor%ip4 ,a feti* is "s mat]ial object 9 :i* a god or a sup]natural p[] is suppos$ to dwell4 ,an idol is a repres5tation ( a god4 ,feti*ism is ! l[e/ =m ( idolatry4 ,feti*ism & wit*craft g toge!r4 ,! feti*es gu>d aga9/ ! p[] ( wit*es1 & ?is is _! prim>y object4 ,!y act z *>ms or amulets1 & are worn on all p>ts ( ! body to keep (f disease2 are plac$ ar\nd ! h\ses1 villages or fields to keep (f hurtful influ5ces4 ,! feti*es are ( v>i\s sorts2 ! re$s ( c]ta9 plants1 ! roots ( c]ta9 trees1 ! horns ( a dim9utive de]1 ! claws & tee? ( lions & leop>ds & o!r sorts ( animals1 slips ( wood fanta/ically not*$1 knuckle-bones1 beads & a k9d ( :ite /one be+ mo/ commonly us$4 ,among/ ! ,kaffirs1 ^: belief 9 wit*craft is int5se1 fai? 9 ! virtues ( feti*es is1 z a natural consequ5ce1 equally great4 ,y r>ely meet ) a ,kaffir :o does n c>ry ) him a :ole s]ies ( *>ms4 ,^!1 ( c\rse1 are furni%$ by ! wit*-doctors & prophets1 & z !y are n ( ! lea/ intr9sic value1 & are highly paid =1 ! bus9ess ( mak+ feti* is a pr(itable "o4 ,to a ,european a sup]/iti\s ,kaffir has a v ludicr\s appe>ance1 z ! foll[+ description ( a man :o seems to h be5 peculi>ly impressible to ! value ( feti* w %[4 ,8 head 0 ri*ly b$eck$ ) pig's bri/les1 set /raight1 s z to /& out on all sides l ! quills ( a h$gehog1 ) _m fea!rs on 8 head1 :ile ar\nd 8 neck !re 0 /rung a great numb] ( *>ms1 ! pr9cipal ( :i* 7 fragm5ts ( bone1 ! head ( a snake1 ! too? ( a "y hippopotamus1 & an old brass door-h&le4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,"y ,,feti*i/4 ,%[+ "s ( ! v>i\s tr9kets & amulets ^u :i* dep5d5ce = an increase ( sanctity & safety is plac$ by ! dev\t4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,cazembe ,,feti* ,,man4 ,! ,africans believe t !re are lucky feti*es :i* gu>antee !m success 9 all _! und]tak+s4 ,!y respect "o ano!r's feti*es1 & w n attack an enemy :5 !y ?9k t he has a feti* sup]ior to _! own4 ,!y are !re=e v ready & eag] to discov] :]e9 special excell5ce may lie4 ,a feti* ( suppos$ sup]iority w comm& a high price4 ,illu/ration3 ,,decorat$ ,,feti*i/4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,ju-,,ju ,,h\se1 ,,or ,,temple ,,( ,,skulls1 ,,at ,,bonny1 ,,we/ ,,africa4 ,aft] dev\r+ ! bodies ( _! victims1 ! prie/s ( ! p ( ,bonny 7 wont to take ! skulls & place !m 9 ! walls ( _! temples4 ,a ,,horrible ,,feti*4 ,:5 h>d press$ 9 w>1 & 9 dang] ( be+ utt]ly ov]?r[n1 9 "s p>ts ( ,africa1 ! p--l ! k+ ( ,moab1 :o sacrific$ 8 own son :5 ! battle w5t aga9/ him1 9 ord] to move ! compassion ( 8 adv]s>ies1 or to inspire !m ) t]ror1 or z a sacrifice to (f5d$ gods--w make horrible feti*es ( human be+s4 ,p]haps ! mo/ a/\nd+ in/ance ( su* a practice occurr$ 9 ,we/ ,africa4 ,! k+ ( ,bonny hav+ be5 defeat$ 9 battle1 retreat$ to 8 pr9cipal t[n1 & f9d+ t x 0 9 imm95t dang] ( be+ attack$1 call$ toge!r 8 magicians 9 ord] t !y might aid him 9 repell+ 8 enemies4 ,!y 7 equal to ! em]g5cy4 ,! p 7 assembl$ 9 front ( ! pr9cipal gate ( ! t[n4 ,two holes 7 dug 9 ! gr\nd close to ea* o!r4 ,! wiz>ds !n begun _! op]ations1 & :5 ! p _h be5 wr\ght up by _! proce$+s to a pit* ( unreason+ excitem5t1 s t !y 7 ready to p]petrate any act no matt] h[ horrible1 ! *ief ( ! wiz>ds po9t$ to a girl :o 0 /&+ among/ ! spectators4 ,%e 0 in/antly seiz$1 &1 "u 8 direction1 h] legs 7 ?ru/ into ! holes t _h be5 prep>$ = ?is purpose1 :i* 7 !n fill$ up ) e>? s t %e c\ld n extricate h]self f !m4 ,!n a numb] ( m5 br\ght lumps ( wet clay1 :i* !y built ar\nd h] body 9 ! =m ( a pill>1 knead+ !m closely z !y proce$$1 until %e 0 entirely cov]$ ov]4 ,?is device produc$ ! desir$ effect1 = s t]rifi$ 7 ! ho/ile tribes at :at !y reg>d$ z an inv9cible feti*--or greegree1 z ! feti* is call$ 9 ,we/ ,africa--t !y d>$ n attack ! t[n1 &1 l ! k+s ( ,israel & ,judah1 aft] ! sacrifice ( ! k+ ( ,moab's son1 !y )drew f ! fur!r prosecution ( ! w>1 & return$ to _! homes4 ,! clay pill>1 ) ! body ( ! girl )9 x1 /ood = sev]al ye>s :]e x _h be5 erect$1 & s]v$ effectually to pres]ve ! t[n f be+ aga9 attack$ or 9 any way tr\bl$ by its enemies4 ,,/anley ,,& ,,! ,,africans' ,,fe> ,,( ,,feti*4 ,! ,africans h a sup]/iti\s dread ( writ+ & reg>d x z a bad feti*4 ,:5 ! ,african travel]1 ,/anley1 _h almo/ f9i%$ 8 j\rney ?r\gh ! ,d>k ,cont95t1 he 0 "o day mak+ "s entries 9 8 note-book4 ,?is book conta9$ all ! important results ( 8 great j\rney4 ,see+ him writ+ ! savages surr\nd$ him & dem&$ t he de/roy ! 8t>a-t>a10 z !y call$ x1 le/ x %\ld injure !m4 ,!y said t ^? black l9es on ! pap] w\ld br+ sickness & dea? to !m & _! animals unless ! book 0 burn$4 ,! savages 7 det]m9$ to get ! book4 ,only by a trick c\ld he save ei!r ! book or 8 own life4 ,he w5t to 8 t5t & manag$ to ex*ange 8 note-book = a copy ( ,%akespe>e's works4 ,?is he burn$ 8to please 8 fri5ds10 z he told !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,idols ,,) ,,mirrors ,,9 ,,_! ,,bodies4 ,! ,africans h idols ( all %apes & sizes & made ( all sorts ( mat]ials4 ,"s ( ^! are provid$ ) look+-glasses 9 _! /oma*s1 b = :at purpose we d n "k4 ,!y h a few god-h\ses or huts4 ,_! cont95t is d>k n only because peopl$ 9 ! ma9 by peoples ^: sk9s are d>k1 b because ! light ( religion seems almo/ to h di$ out & d>kness to h cov]$ ! l& & all ( ! p4 ,,wit*craft4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,wit* ,,doctor4 ,to polygamy & slav]y add wit*craft sup]/itions1 & ! degradation ( ,africa is prop]ly call$ 8desp]ate0 degradation4 ,x may be d\bt$ :e!r polygamy & slav]y are z great ob/acles to civilization z are ^! sup]/itions4 ,^! are int]lac$ ) ! :ole /ructure ( ,african society4 ,no "o is suppos$ to die f natural causes2 disease is *>g$ to wit*craft4 ,no "o is kill$ 9 w>1 9 hunt+1 by dr[n+ or mis*ance1 b x is *>g$ to wit*craft4 ,! wit*es mu/ be f\nd out & tortur$ to confession & dea?4 8,i 0 ask$10 says ,du ,*aillu1 ^: repres5tations ( wit*craft sup]/itions are abundantly confirm$ by o!r travel]s & mission>ies1 8to g & see an old fri5d ( m9e1 ,mpomo1 :o 0 sick4 ,!y _h sp5t ! night be=e drumm+ ab\t 8 b$ to drive out ! devil4 ,b ,i soon saw t nei!r drumm+ nor m$ic9e w\ld help ! poor fell[4 ,! film ( dea? 0 9 8 eyes4 ,he held out 8 h& to me & feebly said3 #8,*ally1 save me1 = ,i am dy+4' 8,he 0 surr\nd$ by hundr$s ( p1 mo/ ( !m mov$ to te>s by _! fri5d's pitiable condition4 ,i expla9$ to him1 t ,i _h no p[] to save him2 b he & all ar\nd _h ! conviction t if ,i only wi%$ ,i c\ld cure him4 ,!y foll[$ me to my h\se1 ask+ = m$ic9e4 ,n to seem he>tless1 ,i s5t him some?+ to make 8 rema9+ mom5ts easy4 ,at ! same "t ,i w>n$ !m t he w\ld die & !y mu/ n blame me4 ,:5 ,i awoke ! next morn+ ,i he>d ! m\rnful wail :i* proclaim$ t poor ,mpomo _h gone to 8 long re/4 ,! cry ( ! ,african m\rn]s is ! sadde/ ,i ev] he>d4 ,!y m\rn lit]ally z ^? :o h no hope4 8,9 ! aft]noon ,i he>d talk ( wit*craft4 ,on ! day ,mpomo 0 buri$ proce$+s 7 begun to discov] :o _h bewit*$ him4 ,a great doctor 0 br\ght f up ! riv]1 & = two nights & days incantations 7 repeat$4 ,on ! ?ird morn+1 :5 old & "y1 male & female1 7 frantic ) ! desire ( rev5ge1 ! doctor began 8 f9al incantations4 ,e man & boy 0 arm$ ) spe>s1 or guns1 or axes4 ,! :ole t[n 0 possess$ by a ?ir/ = human blood4 ,= ! fir/ "t ,i f\nd my voice )\t au?ority4 ,i c\ld n ev5 get a he>+4444 ,at a motion f ! doctor1 ! p became /ill4 ,?is sil5ce la/$ ab\t a m9ute :5 ! l\d voice ( ! doctor 0 he>d3 #8,!re is a v black woman :o lives 9 a h\se1' describ+ x1 #8%e bewit*$ ,mpomo4' ,! cr[d1 ro>+ & scream+1 ru%$ frantically = ! place indicat$4 ,!y seiz$ ^u a poor girl nam$ ,okondaga1 ! si/] ( my good fri5d & guide ,ad\ma4 ,wav+ _! weapons ov] h] head1 !y tore h] away to ! wat]-side1 b\nd h] ) cords1 & !n ru%$ back to ! doctor aga94 8,z poor ,okondaga pass$ by 9 ! h&s ( h] murd]]s1 %e saw me1 ?\gh ,i _h turn$ away n to be se51 = ,i c\ld n help h]4 ,i he>d h] cry out1 #8,*ally1 ,*ally1 d n let me die6' ,x 0 a mom5t ( agony2 ,i 0 m9d$ to ru% into ! cr[d & rescue ! poor victim4 ,b ,i %\ld only h sacrific$ my life1 )\t help+ h]4 ,s ,i hid myself beh9d a tree1 &1 ,i confess x1 %$ bitt] te>s4 8,pres5tly sil5ce fell once m ^u ! cr[d4 ,!n ! voice ( ! devili% doctor aga9 rang ov] ! t[n1 l ! croak ( a rav51 #8,!re is an old woman 9 a h\se1' describ+ x1 #8%e bewit*$ ,mpomo4' 8,! cr[d ru%$ (f & seiz$ a niece ( ,k+ ,qu5guesa1 a noble-he>t$ & maje/ic old woman4 ,z !y cr[d$ ab\t ) flam+ eyes1 %e rose pr\dly f ! gr\nd1 look$ !m 9 ! face unfl9*+ly1 & motion+ !m to keep _! h&s (f1 said1 #8,i w dr9k ! mb\nd\1 b woe to my accus]s if ,i d n die4' ,%e 0 escort$ to ! riv] )\t be+ b\nd4 ,%e submitt$ )\t a te> or a murmur4 8,a ?ird "t ! dreadful sil5ce fell ^u ! t[n1 & ! doctor's voice 0 he>d3 #8,!re is a woman ) six *ildr54 ,%e lives on a plantation t[>d ! ris+ sun4 ,%e1 too1 bewit*$ ,mpomo4' ,ano!r furi\s %\t1 & 9 a few mom5ts !y br\ght to ! riv] "o ( ,qu5guesa's slaves1 a good woman1 :om ,i knew4 ,! doctor n[1 9 a l\d voice1 recit$ ! crime ( :i* ^! wom5 7 accus$4 ,okondaga1 he said1 "s weeks be=e1 ask$ ,mpomo = "s salt1 & he refus$ h]4 ,%e _h said unpleasant ?+s to him1 & _h by sorc]y tak5 8 life4 8,!n ,qu5guesa's niece 0 accus$4 ,%e _h no *ildr51 & ,mpomo _h *ildr54 ,%e envi$ him1 & _h bewit*$ him4 8,qu5guesa's slave _h ask$ ,mpomo = a look+-glass4 ,he _h refus$ h]4 ,!re=e %e _h kill$ him ) sorc]y4 ,z ea* accusation 0 repeat$1 ! p broke out into curses4 ,ev5 ! relatives ( ! poor victims 7 oblig$ to jo9 9 ?is4 ,e "o rival$ 8 neighbor 9 curs+1 ea* fe>ful le/ luke-w>mness %\ld expose him to a l fate4444 8,! victims 7 put into a l>ge canoe ) ! execution]s1 ! doctor1 & a numb] ( ! p1 all arm$4 ,!n ! tam-tams 7 beat51 & ! mb\nd\ quabi 0 prep>$4 ,mpomo's elde/ bro!r held ! poison$ cup to 8 si/]'s lips4 ,at sight ( x poor ,okondaga began to cry1 & ev5 ,qu5guesa's niece turn$ pale1 = ! negro face has at su* times a pallor q p]ceptible4 ,! mug ( mb\nd\ 0 h&$ to ! old slave woman1 !n to ! royal niece1 & la/ to ,okondaga4 ,z !y drank ! multitude %\t$3 #8,if !y are wit*es let ! mb\nd\ kill !m1 if !y are innoc5t let ! mb\nd\ g out4' 8,sudd5ly ! slave woman fell d[n4 ,%e _h n t\*$ ! bottom ( ! boat be=e h] head 0 hack$ (f by a doz5 swords4 ,next came ,qu5guesa's niece4 ,9 an in/ant h] head 0 cut (f1 & h] blood 0 dye+ ! wat]s4 ,meantime poor ,okondaga /agg]$1 & /ruggl$1 & cri$1 va9ly resi/+ ! work+ ( ! poison 9 h] sy/em4 ,la/ ( all1 %e fell4 ,!n all became confus$4 ,a r&om hack+ ensu$1 & 9 an incr$ibly %ort "t ! bodies 7 cut 9 small pieces :i* 7 ca/ into ! riv]4 8,aft] ?is ! cr[d disp]s$ to _! h\ses1 & = ! re/ ( ! day ! t[n 0 sil5t4 ,"s ( ^! rude p felt t ! numb] 9 _! almo/ ext+ui%$ tribe 0 becom+ less1 & ! dread ( dea? fill$ _! he>ts4 ,9 ! ev5+ poor ,ad\ma came secretly to my h\se1 to unburd5 8 sorr[+ he>t4 ,he1 too1 _h be5 compell$ to take "p 9 ! dreadful sc5e4 ,he d>$ n refra9 f jo9+ 9 ! curses heap$ ^u 8 poor si/]4 ,he d>$ n m\rn publicly = h]4 ,i com=t$ him z well z ,i c\ld1 & ,i spoke to him ( ! true ,god1 & ( ! wick$ness ( ! conduct we _h witness$4 ,he said at la/1 #8,o ,*ally1 :5 y g back to y\r f> c\ntry1 ,am]ica1 let !m s5d m5 to u poor p to tea* u f t :i* y call ,god's m\?1' mean+ ! ,bible4 ,i promis$ ,ad\ma to give ! message1 & ,i n[ d s40 ,god pity poor ,africa6 ,may ! ,light ( ! ,sun ( ,righte\sness soon %9e on h] d>k l&6 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,! ,,aborig9es ,,( ,,am]ica4 ,d>9 be/eht eb5 die ,b$eutung d] ,am]ikani%5 ,religion51 dass sie mehr als &]e1 w5ig/5s mehrals &]e ,religion5 von ,kulturvlk]n1 das primitive und unabges*w*te ,heid5?um d>/ell54--,,dr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,m,,ll]4 ,! religion ( ! ,am]ican ,indians & ,alaskans p>takes ( ! "* ( _! national life2 yet !re are traces ( ! orig9al ideas ( ,god1 ! creation & e>ly hi/ory ( man & ! _w1 :i* we f9d 9 ! religions ( ! f> ,ea/]n nations4 ,z we h be=e said1 we believe ! e>ly inhabitants ( ,am]ica to h come f ! ea/]n %ores ( ,asia1 hav+ be5 wa%$ along 9 _! fi%+ vessels by ! curr5t ( ! ,kuro ,%iwo 7or black /ream71 fl[+ by ! we/]n coa/s ( ,am]ica1 or p]haps cross+ on ! isl&s ( ! ,nor? ,pacific1 :]e ,asia & ,am]ica almo/ come toge!r4 ,!y diff] f ! peoples ( ,ea/]n ,asia1 b1 p]haps1 only 9 su* po9ts z a diff]5t climate & diff]5t habits ( life w\ld produce4 ,all ! p ( ! cont95t ( ,am]ica appe> to h come f "o /ock4 ,! squalid ,esquimaux at "o extremity ( ! *a91 ! poli%$ ,aztec or ,inca at ! o!r2 agriculturi/s1 & hunt]s1 & canoe-m52 tribes frequ5t+ ! %ores ( ! great nor!rn lakes1 or scatt]$ 9 ! d5se savannahs ( ! ,s\?2 all _! languages gr[ out ( a few flexible tongues4 ,!y be> a resemblance to ! ,turanian languages--! ,malaysian1 ! ,japanese & o!rs4 ,we c divide ! ,am]ican peoples into two classes--! civiliz$ & ! savage4 ,to ! fir/ class belong ! ,mexicans & ,p]uvians2 to ! latt]1 ! savages ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 includ+ ! ,r$ ,indians1 ! ,alaskans & ! inhabitants ( ! ,we/ ,indies1 & wild tribes ( ,s\? ,am]ica--! ,patagonians1 ,guianians1 etc4 ,,! ,,indians ,,( ,,nor? ,,am]ica4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,m$ic9e ,,man4 ,^! nations h ! virtues ( savage life--a s5se ( honor1 accord+ to _! p]ceptions ( duty1 mutual fidelity among individuals1 a =titude :i* mocks at ! mo/ cruel torm5ts1 & a devot$ness to _! own tribe :i* makes self-immolation 9 its def5se easy4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !y treat _! wives brutally1 & _! *ildr5 ) indiff]5ce4 ,! apa?y "u ! good & ill ( life :i* ! ,/oic affect$ is ! gr& elem5t ( ! ,indian's "*4 ,gloomy1 /]n & sev]e1 he is1 x w\ld seem1 a /rang] to mir? & laught]2 yet1 9 _! leg5ds1 frequ5t ref]5ce is made to laught]4 ,all outw>d expressions ( pa9 or pleasure he reg>ds z a weakness2 & ! only feel+ to :i* he ev] yields is ! boi/]\s joy :i* he manife/s 9 ! mom5t ( victory1 or "u ! excitem5t ( intoxication4 ,he is capable ( great ex]tions 9 w> or ! *ase1 b has an unconqu]able av]sion to regul> labor4 ,he is extremely improvid5t2 eats enorm\sly :ile he has an abundance ( food1 )\t ?9k+ ( ! fam9e :i* may foll[2 &1 :5 liquors are suppli$ to him1 w cont9ue drunk = days4 ,correspond+ to ! prie/s among o!r peoples1 ! ,indians h 8,m$ic9e ,m520 !y believe t ^! possess great p[]1 & !y tru/ implicitly 9 all _! directions4 ,,! ,,great ,,_s4 ,mo/ ( ! ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica believe 9 ! exi/5ce ( a supreme be+1 :om !y call ! ,great ,_s2 & ( a subord9ate "o1 ^: nature is evil & ho/ile to man4 ,to ! latt] _! wor%ip is pr9cipally address$2 ! ,good ,_s1 9 _! op9ion1 ne$+ no pray]s to induce him to aid & protect ,8 creatures4 ,!y g5]ally believe 9 a future /ate1 9 :i* ! s\ls ( brave w>riors & *a/e wives enjoy a tranquil & happy exi/5ce ) _! ance/ors & fri5ds1 sp5d+ _! "t 9 ^? ex]cises 9 :i* !y delight$ :5 on e>?4 ,! ,dakotas believe t ! road to ^! 8villages ( ! dead0 leads ov] a rock ) an edge z %>p z a knife1 on :i* only ! good are able to keep _! foot+4 ,! wick$ fall (f & desc5d to ! region ( ! ,evil ,_s1 :]e !y are h>d-work$1 & (t5 flogg$ by _! rel5tless ma/]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,m$ic9e ,,m54 ,%[+ ! hide\s co/umes & decorations !y sometimes assume 9 _! incantations4 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,ance/ors4 ,z we %all f9d among ! ,*9ese1 ! ,indians wor%ip$ ! spirits ( _! dead ance/ors4 ,z among ! ,*9ese1 ! p]iodical (f]+ ( cakes1 libations1 fle% or vi&s at ! grave to ance/ors1 is se5 to be an idea incorporat$ into ! practice ( ! ,am]ican1 at lea/ ! ,algonic ,indians4 ,^! ,indians1 believ+ 9 ! tw(old nature ( ! s\l1 & t ! s\l s5sorial abides = a "t ) ! body 9 ! grave1 requir+ food = its gho/ly exi/5ce & j\rney+s1 deposit meat & o!r food at & aft] ! "t ( int]m5t4 ,?is cu/om is univ]sal1 & 0 "o ( _! e>lie/ traits4 ,few ?+s 9 savage life are ( m s+ul> int]e/ ?an ! c]emonies ( a burial4 ,"s ( ! tribes1 = in/ance1 take ! body ( _! dead1 & hav+ clo!d x 9 ! be/ robes & ornam5ts1 furni% x ) _m articles :i* are suppos$ mo/ desirable1 &1 wrapp+ ! :ole c>efully 9 s(t1 wet hides1 place ! preci\s burd5 on a scaffold sev]al feet high4 ,9 ! c\rse ( "t1 ! scaffold falls2 !n ! relatives assemble & bury ! rema9s1 except ! skull2 ?is !y place on ! gr\nd1 :]e !re are p]haps a hundr$ skulls 9 a circle1 all look+ inw>d4 ,ab\t ?is place ( skulls ! wom5 are (t5 se51 sitt+ ) _! "w = h\rs at a "t1 hold+ 9 _! laps ! skull ( a dead *ild2 & n unfrequ5tly !y are se5 to clasp ^! skulls 9 _! arms & lie d[n1 talk+ z if to a liv+ *ild1 until !y fall asleep4 ,! ,si\x ,indians wrap _! dead 9 sk9s1 & lodge !m 9 ! bran*es ( trees1 nev] =gett+ to place a wood5 di% ne> ! head1 t ! fri5d may qu5* 8 ?ir/ 9 ! long j\rney he is suppos$ to h begun4 ,among ! ,patagonians ! dead are frequ5tly r$uc$ to skeleton be=e burial1 & are wa%$ & array$ 9 new clo?+ once a ye>4 ,! bodies1 :ile be+ prep>$1 are laid on plat=ms & gu>d$ by ! relatives1 :o1 dress$ 9 long robes1 /rike ! gr\nd cont9ually ) spe>s or /aves1 & keep up a m\rnful song to drive away ! spirits1 :o !y fe> are unfri5dly to ! dead4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,burial ,,place4 ,! ,indians1 l ! ,africans1 wor%ip feti*es or mat]ial objects 9 :i* ei!r ! gods p]sonally or "s sup]natural p[] is suppos$ to dwell4 ,x n infrequ5tly happ5s t if an ,indian dreams ( an idol or feti* ( a c]ta9 =m1 :5 he wakes he proce$s to make x accord+ to ! patt]n ( 8 vision1 & ?is is ! secret hi/ory ( _m ( ! grotesque =ms :i* are favorite symbols ) !m 9 _! sacr$ rites4 ,^! !y designate ,manitos4 ,illu/ration3 ,,indian ,,image4 ,se5 9 a dream & made by a ,m$ic9e ,man4 ,,indian ,,leg5ds4 ,! ,indians' hopes1 fe>s1 wor%ips1 & :ole fai? & life are f\nd 9 _! leg5ds & my?s4 ,^! are pres]v$ by oral tradition1 by be+ h&$ d[n by ^w ( m\? f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,9 ! leisure f hunt+ or w>1 !y ga!r 9 ! lodge or ab\t ! camp-fire & rehe>se ^! /ories4 ,z ,longfell[ has sung3 8,%\ld y ask me1 :5ce ^! /ories8 ,:5ce ^! leg5ds & traditions1 ,) ! odors ( ! =e/1 ,) ! dew & damp ( mead[s1 ,) ! curl+ smoke ( wigwams1 ,) ! ru%+ ( great riv]s1 ,) _! frequ5t repetitions1 ,& _! wild rev]b]ations1 ,z ( ?und] 9 ! m\nta9s8 ,i %\ld answ]1 ,i %\ld tell y1 ,i repeat !m z ,i he>d !m ,f ! lips ( ,nawadaha4 8,ye ^: he>ts are fre% & simple1 ,:o h fai? 9 ,god & ,nature1 ,:o believe1 t 9 all ages ,e human he>t is human1 ,t 9 ev5 savage bosoms ,!re are long+s1 ye>n+s1 /riv+s ,= ! good !y compreh5d n1 ,t ! feeble h&s & helpless1 ,grop+ bl9dly 9 ! d>kness1 ,t\* ,god's "r h& 9 t d>kness ,& are lift$ up & /r5g!n$40 ,,! 8,,song ,,( ,,hiawa?a40 ,hiawa?a is a p]sonage ( miracul\s bir?1 :om ! ,indians believ$ to h be5 s5t among !m to cle> _! riv]s1 =e/s & fi%+-gr\nds1 & to tea* !m ! arts ( peace4 ,to ! pati5t1 toilsome inve/igations ( ,dr4 ,h4 ,r4 ,s*oolcraft1 our k ( ,indian leg5ds is due4 ,! poet1 ,longfell[1 has gracefully wov5 _m ( ^! leg5ds toge!r 9 8 8,song ( ,hiawa?a40 ,hiawa?a is reg>d$ z ! mess5g] ( ! ,great ,_s1 s5t d[n to !m 9 ! "* ( a wise man1 & a prophet4 ,b he comes clo!d ) all ! attributes ( humanity1 z well z ! p[] ( p]=m+ miracul\s de$s4 ,he adapts himself p]fectly to _! mann]s1 cu/oms & ideas4 ,he is br\ght up f a *ild among !m4 ,he is made to le>n _! mode ( life4 ,he takes a wife1 builds a lodge1 hunts & fi%es l ! re/ ( !m1 s+s 8 w> songs & m$ic9e songs1 goes to w>1 has 8 triumphs1 has 8 fri5ds & foes1 suff]s1 wants1 hung]s1 is 9 dread or joy2 &1 9 f9e1 und]goes all ! vicissitudes ( 8 fell[s4 ,8 miracul\s gifts & p[]s are always adapt$ to 8 situation4 ,:5 he is swall[$ by a great fi%1 ) 8 canoe1 he escapes by ! ex]tion ( ^! p[]s1 b always1 z mu* z possible1 9 accordance ) ,indian maxims & means4 ,he is provid$ ) a magic canoe1 :i* goes :]e x is bid2 yet1 9 8 fight ) ! great ,wampura pr9ce1 he is c\nsel$ by a woodpeck] to "k :]e ! vuln]able po9t ( 8 antagoni/ lies4 ,he rids ! e>? ( mon/]s & giants1 & cle>s away w9dfalls & ob/ructions to ! navigation ( /reams4 ,b he does n d ^! feats by miracles2 he employs /rong m5 to help him4 ,:5 he means to de/roy ! great s]p5ts1 he *anges himself into an old tree1 & /&s on ! bea* till !y come out ( ! wat] to bask 9 ! sun4 ,:atev] man c\ld d 9 /r5g? or wisdom he c\ld d4 ,b he nev] does ?+s above ! compreh5sion or belief ( 8 p2 & :atev] else he is1 he is always true to ! "* ( an ,indian4 ,he leaps ov] ext5sive regions ( c\ntry1 l an ignis-fatuus1 ! false light caus$ by ! vapors ( ! swamp :i* misleads ! travel]4 ,he appe>s sudd5ly l an inc>nation ( a god1 or saunt]s ov] we>y wa/es a poor & />v+ hunt]4 ,8 voice is at "o mom5t deep & sonor\s z a ?und]-clap1 & at ano!r clo!d ) ! s(tness ( fem99e supplication4 ,su* is ! "* ( :om ,longfell[ has sung4 ,,indian ,,allegory ,,( ,,w9t] ,,& ,,spr+4 ,an old man 0 sitt+ 9 8 lodge1 by ! side ( a froz5 /ream4 ,x 0 ! close ( w9t]1 & 8 fire 0 almo/ out4 ,he appe>$ v old & v desolate4 ,8 locks 7 :ite ) age1 & he trembl$ 9 e jo9t4 ,day aft] day he pass$ 9 solitude1 & he he>d no?+ b ! s\nds ( ! tempe/1 sweep+ be=e x ! new-fall5 sn[4 ,"o day1 z 8 fire 0 j dy+1 a h&some "y man approa*$ & ent]$ 8 dwell+4 ,8 *eeks 7 r$ ) ! blood ( y\?1 8 eyes sp>kl$ ) animation1 & a smile play$ ^u 8 lips4 ,he walk$ ) a light & quick /ep4 ,8 =ehead 0 b\nd ) a wrea? ( sweet grass1 9 place ( a w>rior's frontlet1 & he c>ri$ a bun* ( fl[]s 9 8 h&4 8,i bl[ my brea?10 said ! old man1 8& ! /reams /& /ill4 ,! wat] becomes /iff & h>d z cle> /one40 8,i brea!10 said ! "y man1 8& fl[]s spr+ up all ov] ! pla9s40 8,i %ake my locks10 retort$ ! old man1 8& sn[ cov]s ! l&4 ,! leaves fall f ! trees at my comm&1 & my brea? bl[s !m away4 ,! birds get up f ! wat] & fly to a di/ant l&4 ,! animals hide !mselves f my brea?1 & ! v gr\nd becomes z h>d z fl9t40 8,i %ake my r+lets10 rejo9$ ! "y man1 8& w>m %[]s ( s(t ra9 fall ^u ! e>?4 ,! plants lift up _! heads out ( ! e>?1 l ! eyes ( *ildr5 gli/5+ ) delight4 ,my voice recalls ! birds4 ,! w>m? ( my brea? unlocks ! /reams4 ,music fills ! groves :]ev] ,i walk1 & all nature rejoices40 ,at l5g? ! sun began to rise4 ,a g5tle w>m? came ov] ! place4 ,! tongue ( ! old man became sil5t4 ,! rob9 & bluebird began to s+ on ! top ( ! lodge4 ,! /ream began to murmur by ! door1 & ! fragrance ( gr[+ h]bs & fl[]s came s(tly on ! v]nal breeze4 ,daylight fully reveal$ to ! "y man ! "* ( 8 ent]ta9]4 ,:5 he look$ ^u him1 he _h ! icy visage ( ,peboan4 ,/reams began to fl[ f 8 eyes4 ,z ! sun increas$1 he grew less & less 9 /ature1 & anon _h melt$ completely away4 ,no?+ rema9$ on ! place ( 8 lodge-fire b ! miskode$1 a small :ite fl[]1 ) a p9k bord]1 :i* is "o ( ! e>lie/ species ( nor!rn plants4 ,,alaska4 ,! ,?l9kets1 an ,alaskan tribe1 w illu/rate ! wor%ip ( ! ,alaskans g5]ally4 ,_! religion is a feeble ,poly!ism4 ,yehl is ! mak] ( wood & wat]s4 ,he put ! sun1 moon & />s 9 _! places4 ,he lives 9 ! ea/1 ne> ! head-wat]s ( ! ,naass ,riv]4 ,he makes himself kn[n 9 ! ea/ w9d 8,ssankhe?10 & 8 abode is 8,nass-%ak-yehl40 ,at t "t ! sun1 moon & />s 7 kept by a ri* *ief 9 sep>ate boxes1 :i* he all[$ no "o to t\*4 ,yehl1 by /rategy1 secur$ & op5$ ^! boxes1 s t ! moon & />s %one 9 ! sky4 ,:5 ! sun-box 0 op5$1 ! p1 a/oni%$ at ! unwont$ gl>e1 ran (f into ! m\nta9s1 woods1 & ev5 into ! wat]1 becom+ animals or fi%4 ,he also provid$ fire & wat]4 ,hav+ arrang$ ev]y?+ = ! com=t ( ! ,?l9kets1 he disappe>$ :]e nei!r man nor _s c p5etrate4 ,z ! good spirits1 f ! v nature ( ! case1 w n h>m !m1 ! ,alaskans pay b little att5tion to !m4 ,!y give _! *ief att5tion to propitiat+ ! evil spirits1 s t _! religion practically resolves itself into devil-wor%ip or demonolatry4 ,?is is call$ ,%amanism1 or ! giv+ ( (f]+s to evil spirits to prev5t !m f do+ mis*ief to ! (f]]4 ,x is said to h be5 ! old religion ( ! ,t>t> race be=e ! introduction ( ,buddhism1 & is /ill t ( ! ,sib]ians4 ,inde$1 ,paul long ago decl>$1 8! ?+s :i* ! ,g5tiles sacrifice1 !y sacrifice to devils & n to ,god40 ,! "o ^: (fice x is to p]=m ^! rites is call$ a %aman1 & is ! sorc]] or m$ic9e-man ( ! tribes4 ,! %aman has control1 n only ( ! spirits1 b1 ?r\gh ! spirits1 ( disease1 ( ! elem5ts1 & ( nature2 he holds 9 8 p[] success or mis=tune1 bless+ or curs+4 8,! honor10 says ,dali1 8) :i* a %aman is reg>d$ dep5ds on ! numb] ( spirits "u 8 control1 :o1 prop]ly employ$ contribute l>gely to 8 weal?40 ,,indian ,,sun-,,wor%ip4 ,we are in=m$ t ! wor%ip ( ! sun lies at ! f\ndation ( all ! anci5t my?ologies1 deeply envelop$ z !y are1 :5 foll[$ ov] ,asia ,m9or & ,europe1 9 symbolic & l+ui/ic subtleties & ref9em5ts4 ,! symbolic fires erect$ on temples & alt>s to ,baal1 ,*ema% & ,molo*1 burn$ brightly 9 ! valley ( ! ,euphrates long be=e ! pyramids ( ,egypt 7 erect$1 or its prie/ly-ho>d$ hi]oglyphic wisdom result$ 9 a phonetic alphabet4 ,9 ,p]sia ^! alt>s 7 gu>d$ & religi\sly f$ by a consecrat$ body ( magical prie/hood1 :o recogniz$ a ,deity 9 ! ess5ce ( an et]nal fire & a _w-p]vad+ light4 ,illu/ration3 ,,amazonian ,,indians ,,wor%ip+ ,,! ,,sun4 ,! same dogma1 d]iv$ app>5tly f ! ea/ & n f ! we/1 ?r\gh ,europe1 0 fully in/all$ at ,atacama & ,cuzco1 9 ,p]u1 at ,*olulu1 on ! magnific5t & volcano-light$ peaks ( ,mexico1 & along ! f]tile deltas ( ! ,mississippi valley4 ,alt>-b$s = a sacr$ fire1 lit to ! ,great ,_s1 "u ! "n & symbolic =m ( ,cuzis1 or ! sun1 :]e ! frank9c5se ( ! nicotiana 0 (f]$1 ) hymns & g5uflections1 h be5 discov]$1 9 _m in/ances1 "u ! e>?-heaps & artificial m\nds & places ( sepulture ( ! anci5t inhabitants4 ,intellig5t ,indians yet liv+ among ! ,nor? ,am]ican tribes1 po9t out ! symbol ( ! sun1 9 _! anci5t muzz9abikons or rock-inscriptions1 & also amid ! ideographic trac]y & b>k-scrolls ( ! hi]atic1 or prie/ly inscriptions1 & ( ! magical m$ic9e-songs4 ,,amazon ,,sun-,,wor%ip4 ,we turn away to ! savage tribes ( ,s\? ,am]ica & f9d _m ( ! =ms ( fai? & wor%ip :i* we h se5 among ! ,nor!rn ,indians & among ! nations ( ! ,ea/]n _w at ab\t ! "t ( ! disp]sion ( ! nations4 ,?us among ! ,amazon ,indians ( ,we/]n ,brazil1 we f9d ! same wor%ip ( ! sun t we h se5 9 ,egypt1 9 ,assyria1 9 ,japan1 & among ! ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,a travel] among !m says3 8,a s\nd fell ^u our e>s t seem$ to issue f ! dep?s ( a di/ant cav]n4 ,we c\ld tell x to be a *orus ( voices1 *ant+ "s sad or solemn refra94 ,z we li/5$ x grew l\d]1 z if ! *ant]s 7 draw+ ne>]2 & 9 ! same degree1 x 0 becom+ m joyful4 ,all at once a procession appe>$ approa*+ ! spot1 m5 m>*+ two & two1 ) files ( wom5 int]m+l$4 8,z its head em]g$ f among ! ?ick-/&+ tree-trunks1 we recogniz$ our old ,zummate fri5ds1 dress$ 9 all ! gala ( a gr& holiday1 ) plum$ circlets ^u _! heads1 fea!r armlets1 & g>t]s ( ! same1 girt j bel[ ! knee4 8,on rea*+ ! malocca1 !y broke ranks1 at ! same "t bur/+ into peals ( joy\s laught]4 ,!n surr\nd+ !y embrac$ u1 ! *ief 9 a spee* aga9 mak+ u welcome to _! village4 8,we soon discov]$ ! cause ( _! abs5ce f home ) all ^! my/]i\s proce$+s4 ,! day 0 a gr& fe/ival--a religi\s c]emony annually obs]v$ by ! tribe1 :5 e man1 woman & *ild g =? into ! woods1 to wor%ip ! sun4 8,!re1 ne> ! m\? ( ! ,amazon1 & amid ! m\nta9s ( ,guiana1 is f\nd ! same culte1 obs]v$ by ! anci5t ,p]uvians 9 ! days ( ,piz>ro & ! ,mexicans be=e ,cortez ,*ri/ianiz$ !m40 ,,! ,,araucanians4 ,! ,araucanians1 9 ! nor?-we/]n "p ( ,s\? ,am]ica1 believe 9 a supreme be+1 & 9 _m subord9ate spirits1 good & bad4 ,!y believe also 9 om5s & div9ations1 b !y h nei!r temples nor idols1 nor religi\s rites2 & discov] ^u ! :ole s little aptitude = ! reception ( religi\s ideas t ! ,ca?olic mission>ies t h settl$ among !m h _h v little success 9 imbu+ _! m9ds ) a k ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,!y believe 9 a future /ate1 & h a confus$ tradition respect+ a deluge f :i* "s p]sons 7 sav$ on a high m\nta92 b 9 o!r respects religi\s k is lack+4 ,,patagonia4 ,! religion ( ! ,patagonian is a ,poly!ism1 ! natives believ+ t !re are great numb]s ( deities1 "s good & "s evil4 ,ea* family is "u ! gu>dian%ip ( "o ( ! good deities1 & all ! memb]s ( t family jo9 him :5 !y die4 ,beside ^! gods !re are subord9ate demons1 good to _! own fri5ds1 b bad t[>d all o!rs2 s t1 on ! :ole1 ! bad pr$om9ates 9 !m4 ,!y are call$ by ! "n ( ,vali*u4 ,yet1 among "s ( ! ,patagonian tribes1 !re is a consid]able approa* to p]sonal religion4 ,x has be5 ?\ght ) "s reason t !y are totally de/itute ( religion4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is c]ta9ly n ! case1 z ev5 our limit$ k ( ^! p1 _! language & _! habits %[ t1 ev5 ?\gh !y may n possess any def9ite sy/em ( wor%ip1 !y are /ill impress$ ) ! idea ( "s ,be+ inf9itely great] ?an !mselves1 :o kn[s ev]y?+ t !y d4 ,?us !y believe 9 an omnisci5t ,be+2 & su* a belief z ?is1 limit$ & imp]fect ?\gh x may be1 is yet a /ep 9 ! "r direction4 ,to ?is unkn[n ,be+ !y return ?anks = a supply ( food aft] a long fam9e2 s t we f9d !m ackn[l$g+ t ! great ,be+1 :o kn[s all _! de$s1 wat*es ov] !m & is ! giv] ( all good ?+s4 ,:51 = example1 !y h procur$ a seal1 aft] hav+ be5 half />v$ = mon?s1 !y assemble r\nd a fire1 & ! olde/ man pres5t cuts = ea* p]son a piece ( ! seal1 utt]+ ov] ea* portion a sort ( pray]1 & look+ upw>d 9 devotion to ! unse5 ,god :o _h s5t !m meat 9 _! ne$4 ,undiscipl9$ z are ! ,patagonians1 totally unaccu/om$ to self-d5ial & mad ) hung]1 n "o ( !m w t\* ! food until ?is invocation has be5 repeat$4 ,?us !y %[ a dev\t _s4 ,,! ,,aztecs4 ,! religion ( ! ,mexicans brea!d a savage _s1 :i* degrad$ !m1 9 a moral po9t ( view1 f> bel[ ! hordes ( w&]+ ,indians4 ,_! deities1 repres5t$ by mis%ap5 images ( s]p5ts & o!r hide\s animals1 7 ! creation ( ! d>ke/ passions ( ! human brea/--( t]ror1 hatr$1 cruelty & rev5ge4 ,!y delight$ 9 blood1 & ?\s&s ( human sacrifices 7 annually (f]$ at _! %r9es4 ,! places ( wor%ip1 call$ ,teocallis1 7 pyramids compos$ ( t]races plac$ "o above ano!r1 l ! temple ( ,belus at ,babylon4 ,^! 7 built ( clay1 or ( alt]nate lay]s ( clay & unburnt bricks1 b1 9 "s cases1 fac$ ) slabs ( poli%$ /one1 on :i* figures ( animals 7 sculptur$ 9 relief4 ,"o or two small *apels /ood ^u ! summit1 inclos+ images ( ! deity4 ,! l>ge/ kn[n ,teocalli conta9s f\r /ories or t]races1 & has a bread? ( #dhj y>ds at ! base & a height ( #ee y>ds4 ,^! /ructures s]v$ z temples1 tombs & obs]vatories4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,aztec ,,idol4 ,! ,aztecs believ$ 9 "o supreme1 invisible creator ( all ?+s1 ! rul] ( ! univ]se1 nam$ ,taotl--a belief1 x is conjectur$1 n native to !m1 b d]iv$ f _! pr$ecessors1 ! ,taoltecs4 ,"u ?is supreme be+ /ood ?irte5 *ief & two hundr$ inf]ior deities1 ea* ( :om _h 8 sacr$ day & fe/ival4 ,at _! head 0 ! patron god ( ! ,aztecs1 ! frightful ,huitzilopo*tli1 ! ,mexican ,m>s4 ,8 temples 7 ! mo/ spl5did & impos+4 ,9 e city ( ! empire 8 alt>s 7 dr5*$ ) ! blood ( human sacrifice4 ,cortez & 8 companions 7 p]mitt$ by ,montezuma to ent] 8 temple 9 ! city ( ,mexico1 & to behold ! god himself4 ,he _h a broad face1 wide m\? & t]rible eyes4 ,he 0 cov]$ ) gold1 pe>ls & preci\s /ones1 & 0 girt ab\t ) gold5 s]p5ts4 ,on 8 neck1 a fitt+ ornam5t1 7 ! faces ( m5 wr\ght 9 silv]1 & _! he>ts 9 gold4 ,close by 7 brazi]s ) inc5se1 & on ! brazi]s ?ree real he>ts ( m5 :o _h t day be5 sacrific$4 ,! smell ( ! place1 we are told1 0 l t ( a slaught]-h\se4 ,to supply victims = ! sacrifices1 ! emp]ors made w> on all ! neighbor+ & subsidi>y ,/ates1 or 9 case ( revolt1 9 any city ( _! dom9ions1 & levi$ a c]ta9 numb] ( m51 wom5 & *ildr5 by way ( indemnity4 ,! victims 7 borne 9 triumphal processions & to ! s\nd ( music1 to ! summit ( ! great temples1 :]e ! prie/s1 9 sight ( assembl$ cr[ds1 b\nd !m to ! sacrificial /one1 & op5+ ! brea/ tore f x ! ble$+ he>t :i* 0 ei!r laid be=e ! image ( ! gods1 or eat5 by ! wor%ip]s1 aft] hav+ be5 c>efully cut up & mix$ ) maize4 ,9 ! ye>s imm$iately prec$+ ! ,spani% conque/1 n less ?an #bj1jjj victims 7 annually immolat$4 ,^! atrocities 7 sometimes1 ?\gh incongru\sly1 bl5d$ ) mild] =ms ( wor%ip1 9 :i* fruits1 fl[]s & p]fumes 7 (f]$ up amid joy\s outbur/s ( song & dance4 ,accord+ to _! my?ology1 ,taotl1 :o delight$ 9 ^! pur] sacrifices1 _h once reign$ 9 ,anahuac 7a "n :i* at fir/ probably appli$ only to ! c\ntry 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity ( ! capital1 ?\gh aft]w>d x 0 appli$ to ! :ole ,aztec empire7 9 ! gold5 age ( ! _w b be+ oblig$1 f "s unexpla9$ cause1 to retire f e>?1 he dep>t$ by way ( ! ,mexican ,gulf1 promis+ to return4 ,?is wide-spread tradition accel]at$ ! success ( ! ,spani>ds1 ^: light sk9s & long d>k hair & be>ds 7 reg>d$ z evid5ces ( _! aff9ity ) ! long-look$-= div9ity4 ,! ,mexican prie/hood =m$ a ri* & p[]ful ord] ( ! ,/ate & 7 s num]\s t ,cortez f\nd z _m z #e1jjj atta*$ to ! temple ( ,mexico4 ,! education ( ! "y ( bo? sexes rema9$1 till ! age ( pub]ty1 9 ! h&s ( ! prie/s & prie/esses1 & ! sac]dotal class 7 ?us able to ex]cise a widely-diffus$ influ5ce1 :i*1 "u ! lat] rul]s1 0 almo/ equal to t ( ! emp]or himself4 ,! wom5 %>$ 9 all ! occupations ( ! m51 & 7 taught1 l !m1 ! arts ( read+1 writ+1 ciph]+1 s++ 9 *orus1 danc+1 etc41 & !y 7 ev5 initiat$ into ! secrets ( a/ronomy & a/rology4 ,^! facts indicate a civilization f> above t ( _m o!r nations & tribes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sun-,,wor%ip ,,among ,,! ,,p]uvians4 ,,! ,,incas4 ,! gov]nm5t ( ,p]u 0 a !ocracy4 ,! ,inca 0 at once ! temporal sov]eign & ! supreme pontiff4 ,he 0 reg>d$ z ! desc5dant & repres5tative ( ! great deity1 ! sun1 :o 0 suppos$ to inspire 8 c\nsels1 & speak ?r\gh 8 ord]s & decrees4 ,h5ce ev5 slight (f5ses 7 puni%$ ) dea?1 because !y 7 reg>d$ z insults (f]$ to ! div9ity4 ,! race ( ! ,incas 0 held sacr$4 ,to support its pret5sions1 x 0 v desirable t x %\ld be kept pure & di/9ct f ! p2 b human passions are (t5 too /rong = ! dictates ( policy2 & ?\gh ! m>riages ( ! family 7 conf9$ to _! own race1 ! emp]or1 z well z ! o!r males ( ! blood royal1 kept l>ge h>ems /ock$ ) beauties drawn f all p>ts ( ! empire1 & multipli$ a spuri\s prog5y1 9 :om ! blood ( ! 8*ildr5 ( ! sun0 0 bl5d$ ) t ( ! 8*ildr5 ( ! e>?40 ,among a simple-m9d$ & cr$ul\s p ! claims ( ! ,incas to a cele/ial orig9 seem to h be5 implicitly believ$4 ,!y 7 bl9dly obey$1 & treat$ ) a respect bord]+ on adoration1 by ! nobles & ! common p4 ,! ,p]uvians wor%ip$ ! sun1 moon1 ! ev5+ />1 ! _s ( ?und] & ! ra9b[1 & _h erect$ temples 9 ,cuzco to all ^! deities4 ,t ( ! sun1 :i* 0 ! mo/ magnific5t1 _h its walls cov]$ ) plates ( pure gold4 ,! sacrifices consi/$ ( ! objects mo/ priz$ by ! p--( gra91 & ( fruits1 ( a few animals1 & ( ! productions ( _! own indu/ry4 ,sun-wor%ip1 z x is ! mo/ rational ( all =ms ( idolatry1 is also g5]ally ! mo/ mild2 & d\btless ?is results f ! t5d5cy :i* x has to fix ! ?\ghts on ! m>ks ( b5efic5ce & wisdom :i* are display$ 9 ! works ( nature4 ,! ,p]uvian temples 7 accord+ly nev] pollut$1 l ^? ( ,mexico1 ) ! blood ( human victims2 & ! ,incas ev5 w5t f>!r1 & signaliz$ _! zeal aga9/ su* horrid rites1 by suppress+ !m 9 all ! c\ntries !y conqu]$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,anci5t ,,p]uvian ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,sun4 ,! temple ( ! ,sun at ,cuzco1 call$ ,corican*a or 8,place ( ,gold10 0 ! mo/ magnific5t edifice 9 ! empire4 ,on ! we/]n wall1 & opposite ! ea/]n portal1 0 a spl5did repres5tation ( ! sun1 ! god ( ! nation4 ,x consi/$ ( a human face 9 gold1 ) innum]able gold5 rays emanat+ f x 9 e direction2 & :5 ! e>ly beams ( ! morn+ sun fell ^u ?is brilliant gold5 disc1 !y 7 reflect$ f x z f a mirror1 & aga9 reflect$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole temple by ! numb]less plates1 cornices1 b&s & images ( gold1 until ! temple seem$ to gl[ ) a sun%9e m int5se & glori\s ?an t ( nature4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,! ,,isl&s ,,( ,,! ,,seas4 ,i believe t ! ignorance :i* has prevail$ reg>d+ ! my?ological sy/ems ( b>b>\s or semi-b>b>\s races has too g5]ally l$ to _! be+ consid]$ f> gr&] & m reasonable ?an !y really 74--,w4 ,,von ,,humboldt4 ,oceanica is "o ( ! five great divisions ( ! globe4 ,x embraces all ! isl&s ly+ 9 ! ,pacific ,ocean betwe5 ! s\?-ea/]n %ores ( ,asia & ! we/]n %ores ( ,am]ica4 ,! p may be divid$ into two classes2 ! "o call$ ! ,papuans1 ! o!r ! ,malayo-,polynesians4 ,! fir/ resemble ! ,african ,negroes1 hav+ a black sk91 & crisp 7,papua means 8crisp07 & woolly hair1 broad noses1 rec$+ *9s & =eheads & ?ick1 protrud+ lips4 ,^! ,oceanica ,negroes live ma9ly 9 ,new ,gu9ea4 ,!y are also f\nd 9 ! woods & m\nta9 fa/nesses ( "s o!r isl&s4 ,!y seem$ de/9$ to be utt]ly de/roy$ 9 ! /ruggle ) new-com+ races4 ,! second1 ! ,malayo-,polynesians1 are ! br[n or copp]-color$ race ( ,oceanica4 ,!y greatly resemble ! ,arabs 9 "*1 cu/oms & appe>ance4 ,!y are half-civiliz$1 :ile ! ,papuans are b>b>\s4 ,!y ov]spread almo/ ! :ole ( ! s\!rn ,pacific ,isl&s4 ,!y readily respond$ to ! religi\s tea*+s & civiliz+ influ5ces ( ,asia4 ,9 ,java especially !y became almo/ a reproduction ( ! p ( ,india1 9 _! religion1 language & habits4 ,,! ,,deprav$ ,,condition ,,( ,,! ,,papuans4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,papuan ,,feti* ,,h\se4 ,v>i\s *>ms & feti*es are "h br\ght toge!r1 & p]sons afflict$ 9 all imag9able ways assemble to secure ! b5efits suppos$ to emanate f su* a collection4 ,feti*es may also be pur*as$ "h 9 sizes & /yles to suit ! necessities & ! means ( pur*as]s4 ,! religi\s condition ( ! ,papuans is v l[4 ,!y resemble some:at ! ,am]ican ,indians & ! l[] ,african peoples 9 _! fai? & wor%ip4 ,! idea ( ,god has almo/ vani%$ f _! m9ds4 ,!y recognize1 inde$1 n a moral ,rul]1 b a great awe-inspir+ & my/]i\s p[]4 ,_! :ole wor%ip is a m]e attempt at propitiat+ ! angry & malignant gods & evil spirits4 ,!re are no %r9es or temples1 no prie/s1 no sacr$ books4 ,!y make feti*es ( pieces ( sculpture1 a snake1 a liz>d1 a bit ( bone or sometimes an image ( a man4 ,?is la/ is call$ a k>w> & is f\nd 9 almo/ e hut1 & answ]s ! purpose ( an oracle & idol4 ,9 consult+ x1 !y squat be=e x1 clasp _! h&s ov] ! =ehead1 b[ repeat$ly1 at ! same "t /at+ _! int5tions4 ,if !y are seiz$ ) any n]v\s feel+1 x is consid]$ a bad sign4 ,if !y feel hopeful1 ! idol is suppos$ to approve4 ,x is deem$ necess>y t a k>w> %\ld be pres5t on all important occasions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tattoo$ ,,girl ,,( ,,oceanica4 ,,! ,,pagan ,,polynesians4 ,we see 9 ! ,malayo-,polynesians a reproduction ( ! wor%ip ( ! ,aztecs ( ,mexico4 ,toge!r ) "s k ( arts & civilization1 ! mo/ savage atrocities exi/--infanticide1 human sacrifices1 ! *ok+ to dea? ( :ole families 9 honor ( "s fall5 *ief1 bruti% fea/s ^u ! bodies ( _! foes & ev5 ( _! fell[-subjects4 ,! *ief god is call$ ,nd5gei4 ,besides him !re is a ho/ ( good & evil gods1 :o are always w>r+ 9 ! attempt to help or to hurt mank9d4 ,"o ( ^! gods ( ! inf]nal regions is said to sit ^u ! br9k ( a huge fi]y cave1 into :i* he ca/s ! spirits ( ! dead4 ,ano!r1 ! "o-too!d ,"l1 is describ$ z liv+ 9 ! figure ( a man1 ) w+s in/ead ( arms1 & claws in/ead ( f+]s1 to snat* 8 victims4 ,8 too? is s l>ge t x rea*es above 8 head1 & he ?r[s out sp>ks ( fire z he flies ?r\gh ! air4 ,illu/ration3 ,,polynesian ,,idol ,,& ,,its ,,devotees4 ,among ?is p !re is a prie/hood1 & _! temples1 or 8_s-h\ses10 are call$ ,mbure4 ,!y are exce$+ly dev\t 9 _! way & sup]/iti\s4 ,_! religi\s ideas ent] into _! e-day life4 ,!y h "s int]e/+ traditions1 f :i* a few selections may be us$ z illu/rative ( ! :ole4 ,,tradition>y ,,orig9 ,,( ,,human ,,prie/hood4 ,! gods fir/ spake to man ?r\gh ! small l&-birds2 b _! utt]ances 7 too indi/9ct to guide ! actions ( mank9d4 ,to meet ?is em]g5cy1 an ord] ( prie/s 0 set ap>t1 ! gods actually tak+ up _! abode1 = ! "t be+1 9 _! sacr$ p]sons4 ,prie/s 7 significantly nam$ 8god-boxes0 7pia-atna71 g5]ally abbreviat$ to 8gods10 i4 e41 liv+ embodim5ts ( ^! div9ities4 ,temples 7 naturally conjo9$ ) prie/hood1 b !y 7 usually ( ! rude/ & simple/ sort4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,fijian ,,bure ,,temple4 ,:5ev] consult$1 a pres5t ( ! be/ food1 accompani$ ) a b[l ( intoxicat+ 8pip] my?i/icum10 0 indisp5sible4 ,! prie/1 ?r[+ himself into a fr5zy1 deliv]$ a response 9 language intelligible only to ! initiat$4 ,a favorite subject ( inquiry 0 8! s9 :y s-&-s 0 ill20 no "o be+ suppos$ to die a natural dea? unless decrepit ) extreme old age4 ,if a prie/ *]i%$ a spite aga9/ anybody1 he _h only to decl>e x to be ! w ( ! div9ity t ! victim %\ld be put to dea?1 or be laid on ! alt> = "s (f5se aga9/ ! gods4 ,! be/ k9ds ( food 7 sacr$ to ! prie/s & *iefs & !y 7 nev] sl[ to make use ( x4 ,al?\gh unsuit$ = ! deliv]y ( oracles1 birds 7 ev] reg>d$ z ! special mess5g]s ( ! gods to w>n individuals ( imp5d+ dang]1 ea* tribe hav+ its own fea!r$ gu>dians4 ,,polynesian ,,notion ,,( ,,! ,,sun ,,& ,,moon4 ,a curi\s my? obta9$ 9 ! n[ almo/ ext9ct ,tongan tribe relative to ! orig9 ( ! sun & moon4 ,vtea & ,tonga-ita qu>rel$ respect+ ! p>5tage ( ! fir/ born ( ,papa1 ea* claim+ ! *ild z 8 own4 ,at la/ ! *ild 0 cut 9 two4 ,vtea1 ! husb& ( ,papa1 took ! upp] "p z 8 %>e1 & =?) squeez$ x into a ball & toss$ x into ! heav5s1 :]e x became ! sun4 ,illu/ration3 ,,idol ,,( ,,s\? ,,sea ,,isl&s4 ,tonga-ita sull5ly all[$ 8 %>e1 ! l[] half1 to rema9 a day or two on ! gr\nd4 ,see+ ! brightness ( ,vtea's half1 he resolv$ to imitate 8 example by compress+ 8 %>e into a ball1 & toss+ x into ! d>k sky dur+ ! abs5ce ( ! sun 9 ,avaiki1 or ne!r-_w4 ,?us orig9at$ ! moon1 ^: pal5ess is attribut$ to ! blood hav+ all dra9$ out ( ! body z x lay s long on ! gr\nd & to decomposition hav+ comm5c$4 ,!y believ$ t m5 c\ld become gods4 ,mni1 by 8 mighty pr[ess1 ent]$ ! rank ( ! gods1 & 8 example c\ld be foll[$ by o!rs4 ,,tradition ,,( ,m,,ni',s ,,secur+ ,,! ,,fire-,,god's ,,secret4 ,"o ( ! mo/ peculi> traditions ( ,oceanica is ?is3 ,to ,ru & ,buat>anga 0 born a fam\s son1 ,mni4 ,at an e>ly age1 ,mni 0 appo9t$ "o ( ! gu>dians ( ?is upp] _w :]e mortals live4 ,l ! re/ ( ! inhabitants ( ! _w1 he subsi/$ on uncook$ food4 ,! "m1 ,buat>anga1 occasionally visit$ h] son1 b always ate h] food ap>t1 out ( a basket br\ght ) h] f ne!r-l&4 ,"o day1 :5 %e 0 asleep1 ,mni peep$ into h] basket1 & discov]$ cook$ food4 ,^u ta/+ x1 he 0 decid$ly ( op9ion t x 0 a great improvem5t ^u ! raw diet to :i* he 0 accu/om$4 ,?is food came f ne!r-_w2 x 0 evid5t t ! secret ( fire 0 !re4 ,to ne!r-_w1 ! home ( 8 p>5ts1 he w\ld desc5d to ga9 ?is k1 s t ev] aft] he might enjoy ! luxury ( cook$ food4 ,illu/ration3 ,,great ,,idol ,,( ,,oceanica1 ,six feet 9 ,height4 ,on ! foll[+ day ,buat>anga 0 ab\t to desc5d to ,avaiki 7ne!r-_w71 :5 ,mni foll[$ h] ?r\gh ! bu% )\t h] kn[+ x4 ,?is 0 no difficult task1 z %e always came & return$ by ! same road4 ,pe]+ ?r\gh ! tall re$s1 he saw 8 "m /&+ )9 easy he>+ di/ance ( him & directly opposite a black rock1 :i* %e address$ z foll[s3 8,buat>anga1 desc5d ?\ boldly ?r\gh ?is *asm1 ,! ra9b[-l mu/ be obey$2 ,z two d>k cl\ds p>t+ at dawn1 ,op51 op5 up my road to ne!r-_w1 ye fi]ce ones40 ,illu/ration3 ,,hawaiian ,,idol1 ,,kn[n ,,z ,,! ,,poison ,,god4 ,at ^! words1 ! rock divid$1 & ,buat>anga desc5d$4 ,mni c>efully treasur$ up ^! magic words1 & )\t delay />t$ (f to see ! god ,tane1 ! own] ( "s wond]ful pigeons4 ,he e>ne/ly begg$ ,tane to l5d him "o2 b ! pr(f]$ pigeon n pleas+ ,mni1 0 at once return$ to its own]4 ,a bett] pigeon 0 (f]$ to ! fa/idi\s borr[]1 b 0 reject$4 ,no?+ w\ld cont5t ,mni b ! possession ( ,akaotu1 or ,fe>less1 a r$ pigeon1 specially priz$ by ,tane4 ,x 0 s tame t x knew its "n2 &1 w&] :]ev] x might1 x 0 sure to return to its ma/]4 ,tane1 :o 0 lo? to "p ) 8 pet1 extract$ a promise f ,mni t ! pigeon %\ld be re/or$ to him un9jur$4 ,mni n[ set (f 9 high spirits1 c>ry+ ) him 8 r$ pigeon1 to ! place :]e 8 "m _h desc5d$4 ,^u pron\nc+ ! magic words :i* he _h ov]he>d1 to 8 great delight1 ! rock op5$1 & ,mni1 ent]+ ! pigeon1 desc5d$4 ,"s ass]t t ,mni trans=m$ himself into a small dragon-fly1 &1 p]*$ ^u ! back ( ! pigeon1 made 8 desc5t4 ,! two fi]ce gu>dian demons ( ! *asm1 enrag$ at f9d+ !mselves impos$ ^u by a /rang]1 made a grab at ! pigeon1 int5d+ to dev\r x4 ,=tunately1 h[ev]1 = ! borr[]1 !y only succe$$ 9 gett+ possession ( ! tail1 :il/ ! pigeon1 m9us its beautiful tail1 pursu$ its flight to ! %ades4 ,mni 0 griev$ at ! mi%ap :i* _h ov]tak5 ! pet bird ( 8 fri5d ,tane4 ,arriv$ at ne!r-l&1 ,mni s\ght = ! home ( 8 "m4 ,x 0 ! fir/ h\se he saw2 he 0 guid$ to x by ! s\nd ( h] clo?flail4 ,! r$ pigeon alight$ on an ov5h\se opposite to ! %$ :]e ,buat>anga 0 beat+ out clo?4 ,%e /opp$ h] "w to gaze at ! r$ pigeon1 :i* %e guess$ to be a visitor f ! upp] _w1 z none ( ! pigeons 9 ! %ades 7 r$4 ,buat>anga said to ! bird1 8,are y n come f daylight80 ,! pigeon nodd$ ass5t4 8,are y n my son1 ,mni80 inquir$ ! old woman4 ,aga9 ! pigeon nodd$4 ,at ?is ,buat>anga ent]$ h] dwell+ & ! bird flew to a bread-fruit tree4 ,mni resum$ 8 prop] human =m1 & w5t to embrace 8 "m1 :o inquir$ h[ he _h desc5d$ to ne!r-_w1 & ! object ( 8 visit4 ,mni av[$ t he _h come to le>n ! secret ( fire4 ,buat>anga said1 8,?is secret re/s ) ! fire-god1 ,manike4 ,:5 ,i wi% to cook an ov51 ,i ask y\r fa!r ,ru to beg a light$ /ick f ,manike40 ,mni inquir$ :]e ! fire-god liv$4 ,8 "m po9t$ out ! direction1 & said x 0 call$ ,are-aoa--h\se-(-banyan-/icks4 ,%e entreat$ ,mni to be c>eful1 8= ! fire-god is a t]rible fell[1 ( a v irritable temp]40 ,illu/ration3 ,,idol ,,f ,,polynesia4 ,mni n[ walk$ up boldly t[>d ! h\se ( ! fire-god1 guid$ by ! curl+ column ( smoke4 ,manike1 :o happ5$ at ! mom5t to be cook+ an ov5 ( food1 /opp$ 8 "w & dem&$ :at ! /rang] want$4 ,mni repli$1 8,a fire-br&40 ,! fire-br& 0 giv54 ,mni c>ri$ x to a /ream runn+ pa/ ! bread-fruit tree & !re ext+ui%$ x4 ,he n[ return$ to ,manike & obta9$ a second fire-br&1 :i* he also ext+ui%$ 9 ! /ream4 ,a ?ird "t a light$ /ick 0 dem&$ ( ! fire-god4 ,he 0 beside himself ) rage4 ,rak+ ! a%es ( 8 ov51 he gave ! d>+ ,mni "s ( !m on a piece ( dry wood4 ,^! live coals 7 ?r[n into ! /ream z ! =m] light$ /icks _h be54 ,mni correctly ?\ght t a fire-br& w\ld be ( little use1 unless he c\ld obta9 ! secret ( fire4 ,! br& w\ld ev5tually g out2 b h[ to reproduce ! fire8 ,8 object1 !re=e1 0 to pick a qu>rel ) ! fire-god1 & compel him1 by %e] viol5ce1 to yield up ! invaluable secret1 z yet kn[n to none b himself4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! fire-god1 confid5t 9 8 own prodigi\s /r5g?1 resolv$ to de/roy ?is insol5t intrud] into 8 secret4 ,mni1 = ! f\r? "t1 dem&$ fire ( ! enrag$ god4 ,manike ord]$ him away1 "u pa9 ( be+ toss$ into ! air2 = ,mni 0 small ( /ature4 ,b ! visitor said he %\ld enjoy no?+ bett] ?an a trial ( /r5g? ) ! fire-god4 ,manike ent]$ 8 dwell+ to put on 8 w>-girdle 7ume-i-tono m>o72 b on return+1 f\nd t ,mni _h swell$ himself to an enorm\s size4 ,no?+ daunt$ at ?is1 ,manike boldly seiz$ him ) bo? h&s & hurl$ him to ! height ( a cocoanut tree4 ,mni contriv$1 9 fall+1 to make himself s light t he 0 9 no degree hurt by 8 adv5ture4 ,manike1 madd5$ t 8 adv]s>y %\ld yet brea!1 ex]t$ 8 full /r5g?1 & next "t hurl$ him f> high] ?an ! highe/ cocoanut tree t ev] grew4 ,yet ,mni 0 unhurt by 8 fall1 :il/ ! fire-god lay pant+ = brea!4 ,x 0 n[ ,mni's turn4 ,seiz+ ! fire-god1 he ?rew him up to a dizzy height1 & caught him aga9 l a ball ) 8 h&s4 ,)\t all[+ ,manike to t\* ! gr\nd1 he ?rew him a second "t into ! air1 & caught him 9 8 h&s4 ,assur$ t ?is 0 b a prep>ation = a f9al toss1 :i* %\ld seal 8 fate1 ! pant+ & ?or\ghly exhau/$ ,manike entreat$ ,mni to /op & sp>e 8 life4 ,:atev] ,mni desir$ ,manike promis$ %\ld be 84 ,illu/ration3 ,,new ,,zeal& ,,moon-,,god4 ,! fire-god1 n[ 9 a mis]able plight1 0 all[$ to brea! a:ile4 ,mni said3 8,only on "o condition w ,i sp>e y--tell me ! secret ( fire4 ,:]e is x hidd58 ,h[ is x produc$80 ,manike gladly promis$ to tell him all he knew1 & l$ him inside 8 wond]ful dwell+4 ,9 "o corn] !re 0 a quantity ( f9e cocoanut-fibre2 9 ano!r1 bundles ( fire-yield+ /icks--! 8au10 ! 8oronga10 ! 8tau9u10 & p>ticul>ly ! 8aoa10 or banyan tree4 ,^! /icks 7 all dry & ready = use4 ,9 ! middle ( ! room 7 two small] /icks by !mselves4 ,"o ( ^! ! fire-god gave to ,mni1 desir+ him to hold x firmly1 :ile he himself pli$ ! o!r mo/ vigor\sly1 utt]+ z he did x ! foll[+ song3 ,,! ,,fire-,,god',s ,,song4 ,grant1 oh1 grant me ?y hidd5 fire1 ,?\ banyan tree6 ,p]=m an incantation2 ,utt] a pray] to 7! _s (7 ,! banyan tree6 ,k9dle a fire = ,manike ,( ! du/ ( ! banyan tree6 ,by ! "t ?is song 0 complet$ ,mni1 to 8 great joy1 p]ceiv$ a fa9t smoke aris+ out ( ! f9e du/ produc$ by ! friction ( "o /ick ^u ano!r4 ,z !y p]sev]$ 9 _! "w ! smoke increas$1 &1 favor$ ) ! fire-god's brea?1 a slight flame arose1 :5 ! f9e cocoanut fibre 0 call$ into requisition1 to cat* & increase ! flame4 ,manike n[ call$ to 8 aid ! diff]5t bundles ( /icks1 & spe$ily got up a blaz+ fire1 to ! a/oni%m5t & great delight ( ,mni4 ,! gr& secret ( fire 0 ?us secur$4 ,b ! victor resolv$ to be rev5g$ = 8 tr\ble & 8 toss+ 9 ! air1 by sett+ fire to 8 fall5 adv]s>y's abode4 ,9 a %ort "t all ne!r-_w 0 9 flames1 :i* consum$ ! fire-god & all he possess$4 ,ev5 ! rocks crack$ & split ) ! heat2 h5ce ! anci5t say+ 9 t l&1 8,! rocks ( ,orov>u 79 ! %ades7 are burn+40 ,ere leav+ ! l& ( gho/s1 ,mni c>efully pick$ up ! two fire-/icks1 once ! prop]ty ( ,manike1 & ha/5$ to ! bread-fruit tree1 :]e ! r$ pigeon1 8,fe>less10 quietly await$ 8 return4 ,8 fir/ c>e 0 to re/ore ! tail ( ! bird1 s z to avoid ! ang] ( ,tane4 ,!re 0 no "t to be lo/1 = ! flames 7 rapidly spread+4 ,he re-ent]$ ! pigeon1 :i* c>ri$ 8 fire-/icks "o 9 ea* claw1 & flew to ! l[] entrance ( ! *asm4 ,once m pron\nc+ ! words he le>nt f ,buat>anga1 ! rocks p>t$1 & he safely got back to ?is upp] _w4 ,?r\gh ! good (fices ( 8 "m1 ! pigeon met ) no opposition f ! fi]ce gu>dians ( ! road to ! %ades4 ,on aga9 ent]+ into light ! r$ pigeon took a long sweep1 alight+1 ev5tually1 9 a lovely1 seclud$ valley1 :i* 0 !nce=? nam$ ,rupe-tau1 or ! pigeon's re/+-place4 ,mni n[ resum$ 8 orig9al human =m1 & ha/5$ to c>ry back ! pet bird to 8 fri5d1 ,tane4 ,pass+ ?r\gh ! ma9 valley ( ,keia1 he f\nd t ! flames _h prec$$ him1 & _h f\nd an ap]ture at ,teava1 s9ce clos$ up4 ,! k+s ,rangi & ,mokoiro trembl$ = _! l&2 = x seem$ z if ev]y?+ w\ld be de/roy$ by ! dev\r+ flames4 ,to save ,mangaia f utt] de/ruction1 !y ex]t$ !mselves to ! utmo/1 & f9ally succe$$ 9 putt+ out ! fire4 ,rangi !nce=? adopt$ ! new "n ( ,matamea1 or ,wat]y-eyes1 to commemorate 8 suff]+s2 & ,mokoiro 0 ev] aft] call$ ,anai1 or ,smoke4 ,illu/ration3 ,,hawaiian ,,w>-,,god1 ,cov]$ ) r$ fea!rs1 hav+ seal's tee? & eyes ( pe>l4 ,! inhabitants ( ,mangaia avail$ !mselves ( ! conflagration to get fire & to cook food4 ,b aft] a little "t _! fire w5t out1 & z !y 7 n 9 possession ( ! secret1 !y c\ld n get new fire4 ,b ,mni 0 nev] )\t fire 9 8 dwell+2 a circum/ance t excit$ ! surprise & ! envy ( all4 ,_m 7 ! inquiries z to ! cause4 ,at l5g? he took compassion on ! inhabitants ( ! _w1 & told !m ! wond]ful secret--t fire lies hidd5 9 ! hibiscus1 ! urtica arg5tra1 ! 8tauniu10 & ! 8banyan40 ,?is hidd5 fire might be elicit$ by ! use ( fire-/icks1 :i* he produc$4 ,f9ally1 he desir$ !m to *ant ! fire-god's song1 to give efficacy to ! use ( ! /icks1 & f t memorable day all ! dwell]s 9 ?is upp] _w us$ fire-/icks ) success1 & enjoy$ ! luxuries ( light & cook$ food4 ,by su* wond]ful de$s ,mni succe$$ 9 introduc+ himself among ! gods4 ,he is to-day mu* rev]5c$ ?r\gh\t ! ,pacific ,isles4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4#d ,,! ,,k>5s ,,& ,,_! ,,traditions4 ,! ,k>5s are a meek1 peaceful race1 simple & cr$ul\s1 ) _m ( ! s(t] virtues & few flagrant vices4 ,?\gh greatly addict$ to drunk5ness1 extremely fil?y & indol5t 9 _! habits1 _! morals1 9 o!r respects1 are sup]ior to _m m civiliz$ races4 ,_! traditions1 l ^? ( sev]al tribes ( ,am]ican ,indians1 are a curi\s m$ley ( my? & absurdity2 b !y h "s tol]ably def9ite ideas ( a ,great ,be+1 :o gov]ns ! univ]se2 & _m ( _! tradition>y precepts be>s a /rik+ resemblance to ^? ( ! ,gospel4--,,mrs4 ,,emily ,c4 ,,judson4 ,al?\gh ! ,k>5s1 z we n[ "k !m1 are divid$ into two ma9 clans & num]\s small] divisions1 hav+ diff]5t tribal cu/oms & speak+ diff]5t dialects1 yet _! religi\s cu/oms are m>k$ by ! same di/9ctive features 9 all ! tribes4 ,! ,k>5s are n n[1 & nev] h be51 s f> z c be asc]ta9$1 idol wor%ip]s4 ,!y look ) cool contempt ^u ! religi\s =ms ( ! idolat]s by :om !y are surr\nd$4 ,! few ,k>5s :o h s f> =gott5 _! anci5t cu/oms z to give a =mal adh]5ce to ,buddhi/ c]emonies1 are look$ ^u z r5egades by _! fell[-c\ntrym54 ,?is feature m>ks !m z entirely =eign 9 orig9 to ! c\ntry 9 :i* !y are n[ f\nd4 ,?is is confirm$ by _! own traditions1 :i* decl>e t !y came f ! nor?-we/1 foll[+ ! m\nta9 ranges until !y f\nd !mselves 9 ,burmah1 :]e _! home n[ is4 ,^! same traditions also decl>e unmi/akably t !y once wor%ip$ ! true ,god1 :om !y call 9 _! own language ,yuah or ,k'tsah ,yuah1 ! latt] t]m mean+ 8! ,"l ,yuah40 ,k>5s1 h[ev]1 w seldom repeat ?is "n2 ! hea!n decl9+ positively1 & _m ( ! less in=m$ ,*ri/ians %[+ a /range reluctance to repeat+ x4 ,! reason !y give is t ! ^w ,yuah1 9 common spee*1 means to fl[ d[n or away1 & ! ,k>5s say t to use ?is "n c>elessly w cause ! favor ( ,god to fl[ away f !m4 ,al?\gh ! ,k>5s1 h[ev]1 %[ ?is /range rev]5ce = ! "n ( ,god1 a rev]5ce :i* rem9ds u ( ! simil> feel+ among ! ,jews = ! sacr$ "n ,jah or ,yah :i* ! ,k>5 s closely resembles1 yet !y d n wor%ip ?is ,"l ,yuah1 z a rule4 ,inde$ 9 mo/ cases ! only sign ( wor%ip giv5 to him is ! exclamation1 8,ba ,pa ,k'tsah60 us$ :5 "o is />tl$ or sudd5ly al>m$4 ,?is phrase means lit]ally 8wor%ip ,fa!r ,god10 or1 colloquially1 8we wor%ip ,god40 ,fur!r ?an ?is a ,k>5 sc>cely ev] (f]s any =m ( wor%ip to ?is ,be+ :om !y ackn[l$ge to be 9 v tru? ! "o liv+ supreme ,god4 ,! reason = ?is failure to wor%ip ,yuah is acc\nt$ = by ! foll[+ /range tradition1 :i* we give z x is commonly repeat$ ar\nd ! camp-fires1 or 9 ! huts ( ! ,k>5s1 z !y :ile away ! cool1 quiet nights :i* succe$ ! burn+ days ( ,burmah3 8,we once1 oh6 *ildr5 & gr&*ildr51 _h ! ,law ( ,yuah1 & wor%ip$ him z ! only liv+ & true ,god4 ,?is law 0 a writt5 book1 & 0 made ( sk91 ! sk9 ( an animal4 ,yuah gave u 8 law because we 7 8 favor$ *ildr54 ,yuah _h sev5 sons1 & 8 olde/ son1 ! fir/-born ( 8 creation1 0 our ance/or1 ! fir/ ( our nation & ! fir/ ( m54 8,yuah told u to be v c>eful ( 8 law1 & = a "t our ance/ors read 8 book & kept 8 comm&m5ts1 = !y fe>$ t if !y did n1 ,pa ,k'tsah 7,fa!r ,god1 = t is ! real "n ( ,yuah7 w\ld fl[ 7,yuah7 away f !m4 8,by & by1 h[ev]1 our ance/ors became c>eless4 ,!y _h _m g>d5s to make1 & !y grew =getful ( ! book ( ! law1 & "o day !y left x ^u a l[ tree1 & ! f[ls flew up to roo/ 9 ! ev5+1 & ?rew ! book d[n to ! gr\nd2 & !n a dog came & c>ri$ x away1 & gnaw$ x4 ,pa ,k'tsah 0 s displeas$ t he took away 8 law f u & gave x to our y\ng] bro!r1 ! :ite man4 ,!n ,yuah left u4 ,he said3 #8,oh1 my *ildr51 y are n[ 9 ! p[] ( ! evil spirits1 :o hate m54 ,y c only appease _! ang] by sacrifices4 ,i am go+ f> away2 b d n despair4 ,"o day y\r y\ng] bro!r1 ! :ite man1 w come to y 9 %ips f ! we/1 & w br+ y back aga9 ! long-lo/ law ( ,yuah4 ,!n y w be happy1 = ! evil ones w leave y1 & ,i w return4 ,till !n y mu/ wait & wat*4 ,y %all be afflict$ ) sickness :5 ! evil ones eat y\r spirits4 ,y %all be slaves to y\r bre?r52 b "o day all w be "r1 :5 y\r y\ng] bro!r1 ! :ite /rang]1 br+s y aga9 my law40 ,!n1 say ! ,k>5s1 began our tr\bles & sorr[s4 ,s9ce !n ! ,k>5s h reg>d$ !mselves z liv+ 9 a _w ( evil spirits1 & _! religi\s c]emonies are simply propitiatory sacrifices & pray]s to ^! evil be+s1 int5d$ to conciliate & flatt] !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*ri/ian ,,k>5 ,,girls4 ,:5 sickness afflicts a ,k>51 x is suppos$ to be ! result ( an attack ^u him by "o ( ^! evil be+s4 ,! ,k>5s say t a man has sev5 spirits2 t :5 we sleep all ^! spirits leave u & w&] ab\t ! e>?2 :at !y see 9 _! w&]+s1 we w see 9 our dreams4 ,n[1 ! evil spirits1 accord+ to ! belief ( ! ,k>5s1 are on ! wat* to cat* ! spirits ( m5 & dev\r !m4 ,if "o is caught1 ! man falls sick2 if ano!r1 he gr[s worse2 if all1 he dies4 ,! evil spirits may be appeas$ by a sacrificial fea/1 & may release ! captive s\l4 ,s a fea/ is proclaim$1 & all ! family ( ! sick man--sometimes all 8 imm$iate relations--ga!r toge!r & p>take ( x ) great c]emony1 (f]+ portions ( ! food to ! spirits1 by expos+ !m outside ! h\se or village1 :]e !y are quickly seiz$ by birds4 ,^! fea/s are accompani$ by int]cessory pray] to ! evil spirits to release ! captive s\l f _! toils4 ,! /reams1 ! =e/1 ev5 p>ticul> trees1 are suppos$ to be ! haunts ( ^! evil ones4 ,s a ,k>51 :5 fi%+1 mutt]s a pray] to ! tutel>y _s1 or if he fells a tree1 fir/ mutt]s a pray] or makes a propitiatory (f]+4 ,9 s[+ & reap+ ! gra91 or plant+ fruit-trees1 & ga!r+ fruit1 simil> c]emonies are obs]v$4 ,aft] dea? solemn fun]al s]vices are held4 ,! s\l is suppos$ to be immortal & to exi/ 9 ,hades4 ,f ?is ,hades we are sep>at$ by a /ream1 impassable1 save z ! s\l is c>ri$ ov] ^u ! w+s ( a bird1 to :i* !y give v>i\s names4 ,! s\l is suppos$ to l+] ne> ! grave or place ( sepulture until a solemn commemorative s]vice is held1 a mon?1 or m commonly1 a ye>1 aft] ! decease ( ! body4 ,at ?is "t a fea/ is proclaim$4 ,all ! villag]s & relatives are ga!r$ toge!r4 ,a bone ( ! deceas$ is !n tak5 f ! grave1 usually ! back-bone1 & %r9$ 9 a c>v$ wood5 %r9e1 :i* is surm\nt$ by ! figure ( ! sacr$ bird4 ,dirges1 exce$+ly poetic & beautiful1 are sung to m9or /ra9s4 ,a procession ( "y m5 & maid5s moves r\nd ! %r9e1 bewail+ ! deceas$ & speak+ ( ! hopes ( 8 safe entrance into a beautiful l&1 or1 z ! nor!rn tribes call x1 ! 8silv] city40 ,! fea/ la/s = a numb] ( days1 usually sev51 b if ! family ( ! deceas$ is ri*1 x is sometimes prolong$ to a mon?4 ,! bone is !n buri$ ) great c]emony1 & ! s\l is suppos$ to ent] its /ate ( re/2 yet n a /ate ( p]fect happ9ess1 = say ! ,k>5s1 8,no "o c obta9 bless$ness until ,yuah returns & br+s ) him happ9ess = ?is life & = t :i* is to come40 ,mrs4 ,v9ton1 a mission>y to ,burmah1 wrote3 8,! ,k>5s 9 g5]al li/5 ) great int]e/ :5 we tell !m ( ,god1 & frequ5tly exclaim1 #8,t is :at our =efa!rs told u6 ,t is "r6 ,t is good6' ,i h endeavor$ to discov] h[ _! =efa!rs came by a k ( ,god2 b !y always answ]1 #8,our ance/ors knew ,him f ! beg9n+1 b :5 !y s9n$ aga9/ ,him ,he hid ,himself f !m2 & _! desc5dants aft] !m knew n h[ to wor%ip ,him2 &1 z ,he did n protect !m f evil spirits1 !y 7 oblig$ to (f] sacrifices to !m to appease _! wra?4' 8,!y tell u ( _m attempts #8to return to ! wor%ip ( ! ,god :o made ! e>?1 & ! heav5s1 & all ?+s4' 8,^! ef=ts h sometimes be5 cont9u$ = mon?s1 & ev5 ye>s2 b ! poor ,k>5s h inv>iably fall5 a sacrifice to ! brutal p]secutions ( ! ,burmans4 8,"o village ( ne>ly a ?\s& inhabitants wor%ip$ ,god 9 ?is way = "s "t1 unkn[n to ! ,burmans2 b :5 ! latt] le>n$ ! fact !y s5t an arm$ =ce to de/roy ! village4 ,"s ( ! ,k>5s inquir$ ( _! lead] if !y %\ld fight4 #8,no1' repli$ ! *ief1 #8x is inconsi/5t ) ! wor%ip ( our ,god to fight4 ,we w ca/ ourselves ^u ,8 protection4' ,!y !n op5$ _! gates1 br\ght =? _! weapons ( def5se1 & laid !m at ! feet ( _! enemies4 ,?us def5seless1 !y 7 imm$iately sla9 by _! cruel oppressors1 ! ,burmans40 ,,*apt] ,,xx4 ,,! ,,fire-,,wor%ip]s4 ,a ,p>see believes 9 "o ,god1 to :om he addresses 8 pray]s4 ,8 morality is compris$ 9 ^! words--pure ?\ghts1 pure words1 pure de$s4--,f4 ,,max ,m,,ll]4 ,mod]n ,p>sees decid$ly object to be+ call$ fire-wor%ip]s1 & decl>e ! designation untrue4 ,!y are und\bt$ly taught f _! y\? up to turn _! face to "s light-giv+ object :ile engag$ 9 wor%ip+ ,god1 & !y c]ta9ly reg>d ! fire z an emblem ( ! p[] ( ,god4 ,yet !y decl>e t !y nev] wor%ip ^!1 nei!r !y nor _! fa!rs4 ,! "n has be5 giv5 !m f mo/ anci5t times2 & !y confess t if !re is n a national wor%ip ( ! sun & fire1 !re is yet an indescribable awe :i* e ,p>see feels t[>d ^! objects4 ,! ,p>sees are ! only ,ea/]n p :o totally ab/a9 f smok+ tobacco4 ,!y d n ev5 l to bl[ out a c&le4 ,9 _m o!r respects1 ?is is a s+ul> p1 ^: religi\s fai? we are ab\t to describe4 ,b1 fir/1 let u turn to its hi/ory4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,p>see ,,m]*ant ,,( ,,bombay4 ,to-day only ab\t "o "o-hundr$? "p ( ! :ole human race are ,p>sees2 b !re h be5 times :5 ?is sy/em bade fair to become ! preval5t religion ( ! _w4 ,x is "o ( ! olde/ ( re=m$ religions4 ,x grew up ^u ! idolatr\s wor%ip ( ! anci5t ,assyrian empire4 ,9 ! days ( ,cyrus ! ,great ?is 0 ! ,/ate religion ( ,p]sia4 ,_h ,greece fall5 be=e him1 & be5 absorb$ into 8 va/ empire1 z _h ,assyria1 ,babylon & ,egypt1 ! ,grecian religion w\ld h yield$ a place to ! ,p>see's fai?4 ,p>seeism 0 possess$ ( great /r5g?1 & resi/$ all attacks ^u its life until a ?\s& ye>s s9ce1 :5 ! ,arabians br\ght ,mohamm$anism into ! l& ( ,p]sia4 ,f t "t x has be5 a curiosity to hi/orians1 & its foll[]s are rapidly dw9dl+ away2 & ere long ! fires ( its fai? w die out1 & x w become "o ( ! religions ( ! pa/4 ,,zoroa/]1 ,,! ,,prophet ,,( ,,ormazd4 ,?is sy/em is call$ g5]ally by ei!r "o ( ?ree names--,p>seeism1 ,fire-wor%ip or ,zoroa/]anism4 ,x is sometimes call$ ! doctr9e ( ! ,magi4 ,its usual "n is d]iv$ f him :o 0 ! mo/ celebrat$ man 9 ! hi/ory ( ?is fai?4 ,zoroa/] is sometimes call$ ! son ( ,ormazd4 ,he probably liv$ ab\t #a1bjj ye>s be=e ,*ri/4 ,! exact date _c be asc]ta9$4 ,x is c]ta9 t x 0 9 v e>ly times1 because he & 8 religi\s re=m are ref]r$ to 9 ! ,v$as1 ^: great antiquity has be5 prov54 ,8 writ+s /& at ! head ( ! sacr$ ,p>see books1 j z ,moses' writ+s /& at ! beg9n+ ( our ,bible4 ,x took hundr$s ( ye>s = ! sacr$ ,p>see books to gr[1 & !y 7 complet$ 9 #djj ,b4,c4 ,pl9y comp>es ,moses & ,zoroa/] z f\nd]s ( great religions4 ,he c]ta9ly 0 "o ( ! e>lie/ & greate/ ( religi\s re=m]s4 ,8 tea*+s c be le>n$ only f ! old] ,p>see books1 ! ,ga?as4 ,8 pr9cipal t5et 0 t !re is "o ,god & n _m gods4 ,9 8 speculations he taught t !re 7 two =ces oppos$ to ea* o!r1 a good be+ & an evil be+2 8 foll[]s aft]w>ds decl>$ ^! to be a good god & an evil god--,ormazd & ,ahriman4 ,9 8 moral tea*+s he decl>$ t ?ree ?+s 7 to be kept pure2 namely1 ?\ghts1 words & de$s4 ,,zoroa/]',s ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,"o ,,god4 ,9 "o ( ! ,ga?as 7a division ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a or sacr$ ,p>see books71 ,zoroa/] is repres5t$ z /&+ be=e ! sacr$ fire1 9 a spee* seek+ to induce 8 c\ntrym5 to =sake ! wor%ip ( ! devas or gods1 & to b[ only to ,ormazd4 ,9 8 spee* he decl>es t f ! wor%ip ( "o ,god fl[ all prosp]ities1 :ile f ! wor%ip ( _m gods comes ru9 to ! race4 ,! foll[+ is a translation ( 8 spee*1 made by ,haug ! fam\s ,p>see s*ol>3 8#a4 ,i w n[ tell y :o are assembl$ "h ! wise say+s ( ,mazda 7i4e41 ,ormazd7 ! hymns ( ! good _s1 ! sublime tru? :i* ,i see aris+ out ( ^! sacr$ flames40 8#b4 ,y %all1 !re=e1 he>k5 to ! s\l ( nature1 7i4e41 to pl[ & cultivate ! soil72 contemplate ! beams ( fire ) a mo/ pi\s m9d6 ,e "o1 bo? m5 & wom51 ought to-day to *oose 8 cre$ 7betwe5 deva-wor%ip & ! ,ormazd religion74 ,ye (fspr+ ( r5[n$ ance/ors1 awake to agree ) u40 ,aga9 & aga9 ,zoroa/] rev]ts to ?is !me4 ,x does seem z if 8 ideas ( ,ormazd greatly resembl$ ^? ( ,moses ( ,elohim or ,jehovah4 ,?\gh ! anci5t ,zoroa/rians believ$ 9 an evil _s ( almo/ equal p[] ) ,ormazd1 yet ,zoroa/] himself taught no?+ ( ?is4 ,) all ! ardor ( ,mohamm$ he wag$ w> aga9/ ! wor%ip ( _m gods & idols1 b ) none ( ,mohamm$'s iconocla/ic zeal4 ,zoroa/] pursu$ 8 c\rse peacefully1 seek+ to w9 8 c\ntrym5 by 8 words2 ,mohamm$ s\ght to c>ry 8 fai? at ! po9t ( ! sword4 ,bo? s\ght ! same end1 to e/abli% ! wor%ip ( "o ,god4 ,,ormazd ,,& ,,ahriman4 ,zoroa/] taught t !re 7 two spirits always at w> ) "o ano!r4 ,8 foll[]s *ang$ 8 tea*+ into belief 9 a good ,god1 ,ormazd1 & an evil god1 ,ahriman4 ,ormazd br+s bless+s1 ,ahriman curs+s4 ,ormazd is ! fa!r ( tru?1 ,ahriman is fa!r ( lies4 ,ormazd favors ! good1 ,ahriman causes ! evil to triumph4 ,) ! two gods is associat$ ! idea ( two lives1 a good & a bad2 ( two future homes = man1 a ,heav5 & a ,hell4 ,heav5 is lit]ally a 8h\se ( hymns10 & ,hell a 8h\se ( de/ruction40 ,! fir/ is ! dwell+-place ( ,ormazd1 ! latt] ( ,ahriman4 ,betwe5 ,heav5 & ,hell is ! 8bridge ( ! ga!r]10 ov] :i* ! s\ls ( ! pi\s c pass1 :ile ^? ( ! wick$ fall into ,hell4 ,?r\gh\t ! ,z5d-,ave/a we f9d _m tea*+s be>+ a wondr\s resemblance to ^? ( ! ,*ri/ian & ,jewi% ,scriptures4 ,beyond a "q1 ^! are n d]iv$ f "o ano!r1 b are f\nd$ on ^? convictions ( tru? :i* are a "p ( our human nature4 ,,f9d+ ,,( ,,! ,,z5d-,,ave/a4 ,x is only rec5tly t ,europeans h be5 able to le>n ! cont5ts ( ! ,bible ( ! ,fire-,wor%ip]s1 ! ,z5d-,ave/a4 ,9 ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury a ,fr5*man1 ,anquetil ,dup]ron1 happ5$ to see "s pages writt5 9 ! ,ave/a *>act]s4 ,hop+ to e>n ! honor ( op5+ ! sacr$ scriptures ( ! ,p>sees to ! we/]n _w1 he det]m9$ to g & get 9 ,we/]n ,india full copies ( ^! writ+s & !re to le>n ! language4 ,be+ v poor1 he jo9$ "o ( ! ,fr5* ,indian ,company's %ips z a common sailor1 = ! ,fr5* ,gov]nm5t _h refus$ to enc\rage 8 ent]prise4 ,b :5 he arriv$ 9 ,india he f\nd t ! gov]nm5t _h det]m9$ diff]5tly & w\ld aid him4 ,b ! ,p>see prie/s w\ld nei!r give nor loan him manuscripts nor tea* him ! language ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a4 ,f9ally he manag$ to bribe a le>n$ prie/4 ,8 translation appe>$ 9 ! ye> #agga1 aft] sev5te5 ye>s ( toil & /udy4 ,8 "w creat$ an imm5se s5sation 9 ,europe4 ,= fifty ye>s b little 0 done 9 ,europe 9 addition to ,dup]ron's "w4 ,9 #ahcj1 ,eug5e ,burn\f1 a mo/ gift$ s*ol>1 gave 8 att5tion to ! "w4 ,o!rs foll[$ 9 8 track1 until n[ we h complete & accurate translations ( all ! ,p>see sacr$ books 9 exi/5ce4 ,,! ,,p>see ,,bible4 ,?is consi/s ( ! writ+s & say+s ( ,zoroa/] & ! comm5t>ies on ^! prep>$ by 8 disciples4 ,mu* ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a is lo/ beyond recov]y4 ,:5 ,alex&] ! ,great conqu]$ ! ,p]sian empire1 he & 8 soldi]s de/roy$ _m ( ^! books4 ,9 ! royal libr>y at ,p]sepolis 0 a complete copy ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a1 :i*1 by ,alex&]'s ord]s1 0 burn$ ) ! build+ conta9+ !m4 ,! names ( ^! books1 ( :i* !re 7 tw5ty-"o1 rema91 toge!r ) a description ( !m4 ,9 ^! books 0 ga!r$ ! :ole religi\s & sci5tific lit]ature ( ! anci5t ,p]sian empire4 ,!y treat$ n only ( religi\s topics1 b ( m$ic9e1 a/ronomy1 agriculture1 botany1 philosophy1 etc4 ,! f\ndation und]ly+ all ^! books 0 giv5 by ,zoroa/]4 ,god reveal$ all ?is to him1 z ! ,p>sees h always believ$1 & h5ce all ^! books are inspir$4 ,! prophet 0 suppos$ to h talk$ ) ,god1 ask+ ,him que/ions & receiv+ answ]s4 ,^! answ]s ,zoroa/] communicat$ to 8 disciples4 ,?us we read 9 ! ,z5d-,ave/a3 8,t ,i %all ask ,!e1 tell x me "r1 ,o ,ormazd6 ,:o 0 9 ! beg9n+ ! fa!r & creator ( righte\sness8 ,:o creat$ ! pa? ( ! sun & />s8 ,:o caus$ ! moon to increase & wane b ,?\8 ,?is ,i wi% to "k1 ,o ,mazda6 besides :at ,i "k already4 8,t ,i %all ask ,!e1 tell x me "r1 ,o ,ormazd6 ,:o is hold+ ! e>? & ! skies above x8 ,:o made ! wat]s & ! trees ( ! field8 ,:o is 9 ! w9ds & /orms t !y s quickly run8 ,:o is ! creator ( ! good-m9d$ be+s1 ,o ,ormazd8 8,t ,i %all ask ,!e1 tell x me "r1 ,o ,ormazd6 ,:o creat$ ! lights ( good effect & ! d>kness8 ,:o creat$ ! sleep ( good effect & ! activity8 ,:o creat$ morn+1 noon & night1 rem9d+ ! prie/ always ( 8 duties8 8,t ,i %all ask ,!e1 tell x me "r1 ,o ,ormazd6 ,:at gu>dian angel may tell me good ?+s to p]=m five times a day1 ! duties :i* are enjo9$ by ,?yself1 ,o ,mazda8 & to recite ^? pray]s :i* are communicat$ = ! welf>e ( all be+s by ! good m9d8 ,:atev] good1 int5d$ = ! increase ( life1 is to be _h1 may x come to me60 ,! ,da%]s or high-prie/s are ! only ones :o are n[ expect$ to be able to und]/& ! mean+ ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a2 !y are expect$ to ?or\ghly /udy x4 ,all t rema9s ( ! ,p>see ,bible to-day are ! foll[+ books3 ! ,yasna1 ,visp>ad1 ,v5didad & tw5ty-f\r ,ya%ts4 ,! ,yasnas are hymns us$ = sacrifice4 ,!y are solemnly recit$ be=e ! fire4 ,! prie/ takes "s consecrat$ wat]1 bread1 butt]1 fre% milk1 meat1 ! bran*es ( ! ,homa plant ) a pomegranate bran*1 ! hair ( an ox & a bundle ( twigs4 ,^! are all plac$ on a m>ble table opposite to ! fire on ! he>? ( ! temple4 ,!n ! prie/ repeats ! ,yasnas1 sometimes half-*ant+1 half-recit+ !m4 ,?us1 8,bless$ is he1 bless$ is e "o1 to :om ,ormazd1 rul+ by 8 own w1 %all grant ! two ev]la/+ p[]s1 heal? & immortality4 ,= ?is v good1 ,i besee* ,!e4 ,maye/ ,?\ ?r\gh ,?9e angel ( piety1 ,armaiti1 give me happ9ess1 ! good true ?+s1 & ! possession ( ! good m9d4 8,i believe ,!e to be ! be/ ,be+ ( all1 ! s\rce ( light = all ! _w4 ,e "o %all *oose ,!e z ! s\rce ( light1 ,!e1 ,o ,mazda1 mo/ b5efic5t _s6 ,?\ create/ all good true ?+s by means ( ! p[] ( ,?y good m9d at any "t1 & promis$ u1 :o believe 9 ,!e1 a long life4 8,/&+ at ,?y fire1 among/ ,?y wor%ip]s :o pray to ,!e1 ,i w be m9dful ( righte\sness z long z ,i %all be able40 ,! ,visp>ad is a collection ( pray]s 9 tw5ty-?ree *apt]s4 ,!y are us$ mu* 9 ! same way z ! ,yasnas4 ,!y resemble _m ( ! ,v$ic pray]s ( ! ,h9du religion4 ,! ,ya%ts conta9 directions = ! sacrifices & hymns ( pray] & praise4 ,! ,v5didad is ! code ( ! religi\s1 civil & crim9al laws ( ! ,p>sees4 ,x consi/s ( tw5ty-two *apt]s4 ,,p>see ,,wor%ip4 ,! ,p>see religion ent]s into ! home-life ( all its adh]5ts4 ,! holy fire is kept always burn+ 9 ! high-prie/'s h\se1 & ! p g !re to re-light _! h\sehold alt>-fires4 ,a ,p>see m]*ant1 ,mr4 ,dadabhai ,naoroji1 has describ$ ! daily life ( ! fire-wor%ip]4 ,"s ( _! practices are decid$ly disgu/+4 ,a pi\s ,p>see mu/ say 8 pray]s at lea/ sixte5 times e day--on gett+ out ( b$1 9 wa%+ ) nirang 7a vile fluid1 suppos$ to be sacr$71 9 tak+ 8 ba?1 cleans+ 8 tee?4 ,e "t t he wa%es 8 h&s he repeats 8 pray]s1 & e meal beg9s & ends ) pray]s4 ,! prie/s ( to-day d n ev5 und]/& ! old ,z5d language1 9 :i* ^! pray]s are said4 ,mr4 ,naoroji says3 8,all pray]s1 on e occasion1 are said1 or r recit$1 9 ! old orig9al ,z5d language2 nei!r ! recit] nor ! p ar\nd int5d to be edifi$1 no "o und]/&+ a ^w ( x4 ,!re is no pulpit among ! ,p>sees4 ,on "s special occasions !re are assemblages 9 ! temples1 & pray]s are repeat$4 ,ord9>ily1 e "o goes to ! fire-temple :5ev] he likes1 or1 if x is conv5i5t to him1 recites 8 pray]s himself1 & z long z he likes1 & gives1 if s incl9$1 some?+ to ! prie/s to pray = him40 ,! ,p>sees h only "o wife4 ,!y nev] eat food cook$ by a p]son ( ano!r religion ?an _! own2 !y object to eat+ beef1 pork or ham4 ,! prie/hood is a family (fice2 none b ! son ( a prie/ c become a prie/4 ,fire is us$ 9 connection ) all _! wor%ip z ! symbol & 7s "s say7 ! repres5tative ( ,god4 ,(t5 "o may see 9 ,bombay1 ,india1 z ! sun l[]s 9 ! we/1 a gr\p ( ,p>sees ) heads rev]5tly b[$1 & h&s clasp$1 repeat+ _! pray]s4 ,light & fire ( any sort are reg>d$ ) great rev]5ce1 & ! ,p>see always turns 8 face to a light-giv+ object :5 pray+4 ,! greate/ respect is %[n to ! s\rce ( light & heat1 ! sun1 & to ! sacr$ fire 9 ! temple or ! high-prie/'s h\se4 ,,*apt] ,,xxi4 ,,*9a ,,& ,,h] ,,philosoph]s4 ,! tea*+s ( ,lao-,tsze are n unlike ^? ( ,z5o2 bo? recomm5d retirem5t & contemplation z ! mo/ effectual means ( purify+ ! spiritual "p ( our nature1 annihilat+ ! mat]ial passions & f9ally return+ to ! bosom ( ! supreme ,reason4 ,,hon4 ,s4 ,,wells ,,williams1 ,,ll4 ,d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,ornam5ts ,,) ,,words ,,( ,,*e]4 ,we n[ proce$ to notice two ( ! ?ree religions ( ,*9a1 ,taoism & ,confucianism1 leav+ ,buddhism until ! *apt] on ,buddhism4 ,"o-?ird ( all ! p ( ! _w are ga!r$ 9 ,*9a4 ,consid]$ 9 e way x is a gigantic empire4 ,its t]ritory /ret*es ov] ab\t "o-?ird ( ! cont95t ( ,asia &1 next to ,russia1 is ! l>ge/ connect$ empire on ! e>?4 ,)9 its bord]s occur "s ( ! highe/ m\nta9s & l>ge/ riv]s 9 ! _w4 ,! pass ov] ! ,mei-l+ 9 ! nor? ( ,kwang-tung prov9ce1 is #h1jjj feet above ! sea4 ,! ,yell[ ,riv] is ov] #b1jjj miles long & ! ,yangtse ,kiang is ne>ly #d1jjj4 ,*9a's v>i\s climates all[ almo/ e k9d ( vegetable & plant to be cultivat$4 ,m9]als & metals ( all sorts ab\nd1 s t no c\ntry 9 ! _w conta9s great] weal?4 ,! ,great ,*9ese ,wall ext5ds f tw5ty-two degrees ( longitude a little nor? ( ,pek+1 & is f fifte5 to ?irty feet high1 fifte5 feet broad & ov] #a1ejj miles long4 ,?is 0 built m ?an #b1jjj ye>s ago4 ,! hi/ory ( ,*9a goes back to #b1jjj ye>s be=e ,*ri/2 x has _h f ^? e>ly days a sort ( civilization4 ,two ?\s& ye>s ago x _h canals & o!r works ( inl& navigation4 ,! ,*9ese h f v e>ly times worn silk4 ,! art ( engrav+ on wood5 blocks = pr9t+ ) movable types 0 kn[n #ejj ye>s be=e ! days ( ,gut5b]g4 ,!y h us$ ! compass1 & gunp[d]1 & pap] = _m ye>s4 ,!y h _h libr>ies ( ?\s&s ( volumes f anci5t times4 ,e village has its s*ool4 ,! conceit ( ! ,*9ese ( _! position has be5 fo/]$ v greatly by _! isolation & ignorance ( o!r nations4 ,_! rul] is call$ ! ,son ( ,heav5 & 8 dyna/y ! heav5ly dyna/y1 :5ce =eign]s sometimes wrongly call ! p ,cele/ials4 ,*9a is call$ ! ,middle ,k+dom & ! ,fl[]y ,l&4 ,!y call =eign]s ,i-,j9 or b>b>ians1 also ,fank-wei or =eign devils4 ,,*9ese ,,contr>ieties ,,& ,,language4 ,!y d _m ?+s almo/ 9 a way directly ! contr>y ( t 9 :i* we d x4 ,_! cu/oms & ideas are diametrically opposite to ours4 8,we read horizontally1 !y p]p5dicul>ly2 & ! columns run f "r to left4 ,we uncov] ! head z a m>k ( respect1 !y put on _! caps4 ,we black our boots1 !y :it5 !m4 ,we give ! place ( honor on ! "r1 !y on ! left4 ,we say ! ne$le po9ts to ! nor?1 !y to ! s\?4 ,we %ake ! h& ( a fri5d 9 salutation1 !y %ake _! own4 ,we locate ! und]/&+ 9 ! bra91 !y 9 ! belly4 ,we place our foot-notes at ! bottom ( a page1 !y at ! top4 ,9 our libr>ies we set our books up1 !y lay !irs d[n4 ,we n[ turn ?\s&s ( sp9dles & ply hundr$s ( %uttles )\t a s+le h& to propel1 !y employ a h& = ea*40 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*9ese ,,book4 ,b ! mo/ s+ul> ?+ ( all1 p]haps1 is ! language4 ,! fundam5tal conception ( ! language is ideographic4 ,x is entirely monosyllabic1 & has only *>act]s1 no alphabet or lett]s4 ,9 "o respect x is z colossal z ! nation 9 ! numb] ( its *>act]s4 ,e "* is ! "n ( a ?+4 ,an imm5se numb] ( seem+ly arbitr>y signs is !re=e to be ma/]$4 ,! labor is alleviat$1 h[ev]1 by ! fact t !re are c]ta9 root =ms1 v>i\sly e/imat$ at f #cae to #d1jjj4 ,out ( ! *>act]s #bad h be5 select$ z keys or radicals1 "o or o!r ( :i* is f\nd 9 e "* ( ! language4 ,! numb] ( words conta9$ 9 ! (ficial diction>y is #dc1ejj1 & o!r au?orities reckon z _m m4 ,b ! mission>y ,doolittle1 affirms t a k ( #c1jjj or #d1jjj *>act]s is suffici5t = ! read+ ( mo/ books4 ,! mo/ complicat$ *>act]s 9 ! language conta9 fifty-two /rokes1 b su* are v r>e4 ,! language is /ill fur!r complicat$ 9 its pronunciation by a sy/em ( tones1 :i* v>y accord+ to ! mean+ ( ! ^w4 ,! language1 l ! p1 is ( ! e>? e>?y1 = among its ?\s&s ( words rankly luxuriant !re1 !re 0 f\nd to be no expression suitable to express "o ( ! graces ( ! _s1 & x 0 = half a c5tury a matt] ( grave discussion :at %\ld be ! prop] r5d]+ ( ! ^w ,god4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,*9ese ,,religions4 ,a ,*9aman may at ! same "t be an adh]5t ( all ?ree ( ! national religions4 ,! mass ( ! ,*9ese p accept ! ?ree1 & see no inconsi/5cy 9 s do+4 ,x is some:at z if we ,am]icans 7 at ! same "t ,prote/ant1 ,romani/ & skeptic4 ,! ,*9ese support ! prie/s ( all religions1 wor%ip 9 all _! temples1 & believe 9 ! gods ( ea* & all4 ,^! ?ree religions diff] f ea* o!r1 h[ev]4 ,dr4 ,edk9s has s well def9$ ?is diff]5ce t we give 8 words3 8,confucianism speaks to ! moral nature4 ,x disc\rses on virtue & vice1 & ! duty ( compliance ) law & ! dictates ( consci5ce4 ,its wor%ip re/s on ?is basis4 ,! religi\s v5]ation paid to ance/ors--= t is ! wor%ip ( ?is sy/em--is f\nd$ on ! duty ( filial piety4 ,! moral s5se ( ! ,*9ese is (f5d$ if !y are call$ on to resign ?is cu/om4 8,taoism is mat]iali/ic4 ,its notion ( ! s\l is ( some?+ physical1 a pur] =m ( matt]4 ,! s\l x supposes to ga9 immortality by a physical discipl9e1 a sort ( *emical process1 :i* transmutes x into a m e!real ess5ce1 & prep>es x = be+ transf]r$ to ! regions ( immortality4 ,! gods ( ,taoism are also v mu* :at might be expect$ 9 a sy/em :i* has su* notions z ^! ( ! s\l4 ,x looks ^u ! />s z div9e4 ,x deifies h]mits & physicians1 magicians & seek]s aft] ! philosoph]'s /one & ! plant ( immortality4 8,buddhism is diff]5t f bo?4 ,x is metaphysical4 ,x appeals to ! imag9ation1 & deals 9 subtle argum5t4 ,x says t ! _w ( ! s5ses is altoge!r unreal1 & upholds ?is proposition by ! mo/ elaborate pro(s4 ,its gods are p]sonifi$ ideas4 ,x d5ies matt] entirely1 & conc]ns itself only ) ideas4 ,mo/ ( ! p]sonages ador$ by ! ,buddhi/s are kn[n to be no?+ b fictiti\s imp]sonations ( "s ( ^! ideas4 ,! ,buddhi/ wor%ip is n rev]5ce paid to be+s believ$ to be actually exi/+2 x is a homage r5d]$ to ideas1 & x is only suppos$ to be reflex 9 its effects4 ,_! wor%ip is useful z a discipl9e1 b n effectual z pray]4 ,! ,buddhi/1 if he c obta9 ab/raction ( m9d f ! _w 9 any o!r mode1 ne$ n pray or wor%ip at all4 8,^! ?ree sy/ems1 occupy+ ! ?ree corn]s ( a triangle--! moral1 ! metaphysical & ! mat]ial--are supplem5tal to ea* o!r1 & are able to co-exi/ )\t be+ mutually de/ructive4 ,!y re/ ea* on a basis ( its own1 & address !mselves ea* to diff]5t p>ts ( man's nature4 ,x 0 because ,confucianism #8knew ,god1 b did n honor ,him z ,god1' t ! way 0 left op5 = a poly!ism l t ( ! ,buddhi/s4 ,9 ! old books ( ,*9a1 ,god is spok5 ( z ! ,supreme ,rul]4 ,he is repres5t$ z ex]cis+ ov] mank9d an inf9itely j & b5efic5t provid5ce4 ,b ! duty ( pray] is n enjo9$4 ,no wor%ip ( ,god by ! p is p]mitt$4 ,x 0 only by ! emp]or act+ vic>i\sly = ! p t ! ,deity 0 ador$ 9 t c\ntry4 ,! sy/em ( ,confucius1 want+ ?is1 0 m a morality ?an a religion4 8,buddhism came to fill ?is vacancy4 ,individual fai? 9 ,god1 ) a rational mode ( wor%ip to accompany x1 c\ld n be a result ( ! religi\s tea*+ :i* prec$$ x 9 ,*9a1 nor 7 !y inculcat$ by x4 ,9 ,buddhism1 ! ,*9ese f\nd objects to adore ( my/]i\s gr&eur1 & ri*ly end[$ ) ! attributes ( wisdom & b5evol5ce4 ,! appeal ?us made to _! religi\s fai? 0 /r5g!n$ by a pomp\s =m ( wor%ip4 ,processions & ! r++ ( bells1 fumes ( sweet-smell+ inc5se1 pray]s1 *ant+ & musical in/rum5ts 7 _! aids to devotion4 ,no wond] t ^! additions %\ld prove welcome to ! religi\s susceptibilities ( a nation :i* _h hi!rto be5 re/rict$ )9 ! b\nds ( a sy/em almo/ exclusively moral1 & :i* disc\rag$ ! wor%ip ( ,god by ! mass ( ! p4 8,h[ ,taoism meets c]ta9 o!r wants :i* ! o!r two sy/ems fail to gratify1 we w n[ %[ by an illu/ration3 ,x 0 a cold morn+ 9 ,janu>y1 :5 a mission>y walk$1 on "o occasion1 to a temple ne> ! we/ gate ( ,%anghai4 ,!re is a m$ical div9ity mu* honor$1 :o resides 9 ?is temple1 to heal1 z 8 wor%ip]s ?9k1 ! ailm5ts ( ^? :o pray to him4 ,! ,taoi/ prie/ 9 *>ge address$ ! =eign visitor ) a some:at unexpect$ exhortation3 #8,y come to our c\ntry giv+ u good advice2 n[ let me address a little to y4 ,y\r religion does n meet ! requirem5ts ( ! p4 ,:5 !y wor%ip1 !y wi% to "k :e!r !y c gr[ ri*1 & recov] f disease2 b 9 ! case ( believ+ 9 ,jesus1 !re are no b5efits ( ?is k9d to be look$ =4' ,he po9t$ to ! little image1 repres5t+ "s physician ( a =m] dyna/y1 sitt+ 9 its %r9e 9 a dim light1 j visible ?r\gh ! op5+ ( ! curta9s4 #8,see1' said he1 #8"h is ! god1 ready to tell ! believ+ devotee :at m$ic9e he ne$s1 & to gu>antee its heal+ effect4 ,look at ! inscriptions fix$ on ! ro( above & on ea* side ( ! %r9e4 ,!y describe 8 m>vel-work+ p[]4' ,he 0 ask$ :o plac$ ^? tablets !re4 #8,!y are1' he repli$1 #8! (f]+s ( p]sons cur$ by ?is div9ity4' ,9 ! ,c5tral ,k+dom1 ! sett+ ( ! tablets 9 ! temples by individuals is cu/om>y1 & !y are int5d$ to commemorate b5efits receiv$ f ! div9ities to :om !y are d$icat$4 ,a visitor f a village 9 ! c\ntry1 at a di/ance ( "s miles1 n[ appe>$1 & w5t ?r\gh ! usual c]emonies4 ,he 0 ask$1 #8,:y d y n consult a physician8 ,?is idol is dead wood4 ,x _c see or he>4 ,:y apply to x8' ,! devotee answ]$ ) great simplicity1 #8,i d n "k :at my disease is2 h[1 !n1 c ,i apply to a physician8 ,x is on ?is acc\nt t ,i ask ! god4 ,he w heal me4 ,i h come a long way on purpose4 ,8 fame is v widely spread4' ,he 0 aga9 ask$1 #8,w y n g to ! =eign free hospital8' ,he answ]$1 #8,x is n ! "r "t ( day1 &1 besides1 ,i l to come "h2 & :y %\ld ,i n8' ,he 0 ask$ aga91 #8,d y "k t ?is burn+ ( inc5se & seek+ = oracul> in=mation at an idol's %r9e is displeas+ to ,god8 ,x is z unwise1 !re=e1 z x is unreasonable1 to apply to ?is god to tell y :at m$ic9e y %\ld use4' ,at ?is po9t1 ! ,taoi/ prie/ came to ! def5se ( 8 sy/em4 #8,y believe 9 ,jesus4 ,we believe 9 our gods4 ,religions diff] accord+ to place1 & e c\ntry has its own div9ities4 ,we h ,kwan-kung1 = example1 ! god ( w>1 & o!r div9ities1 hold+ ! same place among u t ,jesus does among y4' ,he 0 ask$1 #8,h[ c ^! suppos$ gods b5efit y8 ,!y are b ! imag9>y repres5tatives ( m5 belong+ to y\r nation1 :o long ago di$4' ,! ,taoi/ ask$ 9 reply1 #8,is x n ! same ) ,jesus8 ,he also is long s9ce dead4 ,:at b5efit d y expect f him8' ,he 0 !n told1 #8,we d n make an image ( ,him1 place x 9 a %r9e1 & ca/ lots be=e x1 expect+ to le>n1 by s do+1 h[ a disease is to be cur$4 ,! p>allel is n accurate4 ,! b5efit we expect f ,him is t ,he w help u 9 becom+ virtu\s1 & 9 atta9+ a happy future life4 ,! object ( our religi\s books is to free u f s91 & ,jesus1 :o /ill lives 9 ,heav51 is able to secure u ?is4' ,! ref]5ce to books l$ him to rem>k1 #8,we h our books1 too1 to exhort m5 to virtue4' ,he took up a copy ( a well-kn[n "w1 (t5 di/ribut$ gratuit\sly 9 ,*9a4 #8,?is1' he said1 #8is ! ,kan-y+-pe5 7,book ( ,retribution72 all t x conta9s is int5d$ to make m5 bett]4 ,x promises long life to ! good1 & all k9ds ( calamities to ! wick$4 ,our object is ! same z y\rs--to make m5 good4' ,he 0 rem9d$ t1 accord+ to ! doctr9e ( ?is book1 happ9ess & mis]y 7 ! rew>ds ( virtue & vice1 & t ?is did n agree ) ! sy/em ( div9ation on :i* 8 temple dep5d$ = its support1 & 0 ask$ :y he enc\rag$ ^? :o frequ5t$ x to expect good f ! ?r[+ ( /icks on ! floor1 & ! %ak+ ( lots toge!r 9 a wood5 cup1 if good & ill =tune 7 aw>d$ to m5 by ,heav5 only accord+ to "*4 ,to ?is ! prie/ ( ,tao repli$1 z he sat surr\nd$ by 8 boxes ( m$ic9es1 arrang$ 9 pigeon-holes1 ) 8 recipe-book on ! table be=e him1 f :i* he select$ ! appropriate no/rum "u ! guidance ( ! oracle1 #8,if ! p]son :o comes to wor%ip is wick$ at he>t1 he w n be he>d2 ! oracle w fail4' #8,b1' x 0 rem>k$1 #8if he be only virtu\s1 he ne$ n come "h at all4 ,! great ?+ is to be good4'0 ,su* are ! t5ets ( ,taoism4 ,,! ,,old ,,boy4 ,confucius became ! prophet ( ! practical4 ,ab\t fifty ye>s be=e ,confucius1 0 born "o :o became a deep ?9k] :o look$ ) scorn ^u ! "w ( ,confucius4 ,?is 0 ,lao-tsze1 :o 0 born #fjd ,b4,c4 ,accord+ to ! leg5ds ( ! ,taoi/s he _h ! appe>ance1 :5 born1 ( an old man ) gray hair1 & s !y call$ him ,lao-tsze1 :i* means ! old boy4 ,:5 he 0 born1 s !y say1 he 0 wise z m5 are :5 !y become old4 ,o!r leg5ds say t z soon z he 0 born1 he m\nt$ into ! air & po9t+ ) 8 left h& to heav51 & ) 8 "r to ! e>?1 he said3 8,9 heav5 above & on e>? b5ea?1 ,tao alone is wor?y ( honor40 ,8 complexion 0 :ite & yell[2 8 e>s 7 ( extraord9>y size1 & 7 ea* pi]c$ ) ?ree passages4 ,he _h h&some eyebr[s1 l>ge eyes1 ragg$ tee?1 a d\ble-ridg$ nose & a squ>e m\?2 on ea* foot he _h t5 toes4 ,all ( ?is 0 to di/+ui% him f common m54 ,he became a h]mit-/ud5t4 ,8 *ief disciple 0 nam$ ,y9-,he4 ,! foll[+ /ory w s]ve to illu/rate ! miracul\s p[]s ascrib$ to ,lao-tsze4 ,,! ,,talisman ,,( ,,long ,,life4 ,! philosoph]'s s]vant1 ,s5ke1 :o _h s]v$ him = #bjj ye>s )\t receiv+ any wages1 f9d+ t 8 ma/] 0 go+ to take a j\rney :i!r he knew n1 sudd5ly dem&$ 8 arre>s ( pay1 :i* ^u calculation 7 f\nd to am\nt to #gb1jjj ounces ( silv]4 ,fe>+ to face 8 ma/]1 he induc$ an acqua9tance to ask ,y9-,he to broa* ! subject to ,lao-tsze4 ,! acqua9tance be+ ignorant ( ! relation exi/+ betwe5 ! ma/] & s]vant1 & already deem+ 9 anticipation ,s5ke to be a ri* man1 promis$ him 8 daught] 9 m>riage4 ,! beauty ( ! girl add$ to ! p]si/5cy ( ! s]v+-man1 :om ,lao-tsze summon$ to 8 pres5ce4 8,i hir$ y orig9ally10 he said1 8to p]=m ! mo/ humble duties2 y\r circum/ances 7 poor & no "o else w\ld employ y4 ,i h giv5 y ! talisman ( long life1 & x is due to ?is alone t y are n[ 9 exi/5ce4 ,h[ h y s f> =gott5 ! b5efits ,i h heap$ ^u y z to cov] me ) reproa*es8 ,i am n[ ab\t to set out = ! ,we/]n ,sea 7! ,caspian72 ,i int5d to visit ! k+doms ( ,ya ,t's9 7! ,roman ,empire71 ( ,ke-p9 7,cabal71 ( ,ti5-*uh 7,india71 & ( ,gan-se 7,p>?ia72 & ,i ord] y to act z my *>iote] ?i!rw>ds4 ,on my return1 ,i w pay y t :i* ,i owe y40 ,b ,s5ke /ill refus$ to obey4 ,:]eupon ,lao-tsze ord]$ him to lean =w>d & op5 8 m\?1 & in/antly !re escap$ f 8 lips ! talisman1 & at ! same mom5t 8 body became a heap ( dry bones4 ,at ! e>ne/ pray] ( ,y9-,he ! s]vant 0 re/or$ to life1 & 0 dismiss$ ) a pres5t ( #bj1jjj ounces ( silv]4 ,hav+ no?+ fur!r to deta9 him1 ,lao-tsze bade f>ewell to ! keep] ( ! pass1 & m\nt+ ^u a cl\d1 disappe>$ into space4 ,"s ,taoi/ writ]s claim ,lao-tsze z ! au?or ( #icj ( ! curr5t works on ! sup]/iti\s v>ieties ( mod]n ,taoism1 & add complac5tly t all o!r books are unwor?y ( ! same reg>d1 hav+ be5 secretly add$ by ! foll[]s ( ,tao 9 lat] ages4 ,,! ,,visit ,,( ,,confucius ,,to ,,lao-,,tsze4 ,confucius once held an int]view ) ,lao-tsze4 ,f ?is he return$ to 8 disciples1 & = ?ree days he did n utt] a ^w4 ,accord+ to 8 own acc\nt1 ,lao-tsze ex]cis$ a complete fasc9ation ov] him4 ,he felt1 :5 conv]s+ ) ! old] philosoph]1 t he 0 9 ! pres5ce ( a ma/] m9d1 & ! m]ciless criticism ( :i* 8 doctr9es 7 ! object1 %ook 8 fai? some:at 9 _! tru?4 8,at 8 voice10 said he1 8my m\? gap$ wide1 my tongue protrud$1 & my s\l 0 plung$ 9 tr\ble40 ,to ,yang-tsze1 a disciple ( ,confucius1 ,lao-tsze spoke 9 ! same /ra94 8,! spots ( ! tig]1 & ( ! leop>d1 & ! agility ( ! monkey1 are t :i* exposes !m to ! arr[s ( ! hunt]40 ,& 9 reply to a "q conc]n+ ! adm9i/ration ( ! illu/ri\s k+s ( antiquity1 he said1 8,su* 0 ! adm9i/ration ( ! illu/ri\s k+s1 t _! m]its ov]spread ! empire unkn[n to !mselves2 ! influ5ce ( _! example ext5d$ to all be+s2 !y effect$ ! happ9ess ( ! p )\t lett+ !m feel _! pres5ce4 ,_! virtue 0 s sublime t human spee* is unable to express x2 !y liv$ 9 an imp5etrable retreat1 & 7 absorb$ 9 ,tao40 ,,! ,,voyage ,,9 ,,se>* ,,( ,,! ,,talisman ,,( ,,long ,,life4 ,! talisman ( long life 0 said to h be5 lo/ aft] ,lao-tsze's dea?4 ,b ,*e ,hwang-te det]m9$ to f9d x4 ,he 0 p]suad$ into believ+ t 9 ! ocean to ! ea/ ( ,*9a !re 7 8,gold5 ,isl&s ( ! ,ble/10 :]e g5ii dwelt1 ^: bus9ess & delight x 0 to disp5se to all visitors to _! %ores a draught ( immortality1 comp\nd$ ( ! fragrant h]bs :i* grew 9 abundance r\nd !m2 t "h also 0 ! talisman ( long life kept4 ,s s9c]e 0 ,*e ,hwang-te's fai? t he fitt$ out a naval exp$ition to discov] ^! mu*-to-be-desir$ regions1 & plac$ a ,taoi/ magician at ! head ( ! und]tak+4 ,on ! plea t x _h be5 reveal$ to him t ! exp$ition 0 likely to meet ) a m favorable reception at ! ,gold5 ,isles if a company ( y\?s & maid5s accompani$ x1 ,s5 ,%e1 ! lead]1 p]suad$ ! ,emp]or to s5d sev]al ?\s&s ( girls & "y m5 ) him4 ,on ! return ( ! voyag]s !y report$ t !y _h sail$ )9 sight ( ! isl&s1 b _h be5 driv5 back by contr>y w9ds4 ,! ,emp]or det]m9$ to try aga94 ,?is second exp$ition fail$4 ,b private individuals decl>$ t !y _h succe$$ 9 rea*+ ! isl&s1 9 see+ ! g5ii1 9 secur+ ! draughts ( ! elixir ( life1 & t !y _h se5 ! ,talisman4 ,*e ,hwang-te's failures w\ld n let him see ! impo/ure t 0 be+ play$ ^u him4 ,aga9 & aga9 he s5t1 & great sums 7 exp5d$1 & f9ally an empti$ treasury =c$ him to rel9qui% 8 project4 ,,*apt] ,,xxii4 ,,! ,,taoi/ ,,sacr$ ,,books ,,& ,,gods4 ,! ,tao-te-k+ /ill rema9s ! monum5t ( ,lao-tsze's extraord9>y p[] & p5etration2 & x gives ample reason = assign+ him a place indef9itely high] ?an ! mass ( 8 contempor>ies4--,,ar*deacon ,,*>les ,,h>dwick4 ,lao-,tsze gave to ,y9-,he1 :5 he left ,*9a on 8 la/ j\rney1 ! results ( 8 long life ( m$itation 9 a little book ( #e1jjj *>act]s4 ,on ?is little book ! imm5se volumes ( ! ,taoi/ religion are built up4 ,?is is call$ ! ,tao-,te-,k+1 or ,book ( ! ,way & ( ,virtue4 ,?is is a metaphysical treatise1 & its mean+ is v obscure4 ,!re is mu* ( mat]iali/ic speculation1 magic & div9ation 9 ?is book4 ,! fir/ *apt] tells u t 8t :i* is nameless is ! beg9n+ ( ,heav5 & e>?40 8,ta\ produc$ "o1 ! fir/ great cause2 "o produc$ two1 ! male & female pr9ciples ( nature2 f ! two came ?ree1 & ! ?ree produc$ all ?+s t are 9 ,heav5 & e>?40 ,all ?+s endure = a set "t1 & !n p]i%4 ,toge!r !y came into be+1 & to ea* is allott$ a c]ta9 p]iod ( gr[? & maturity2 b :5 ! highe/ po9t ( vigor has be5 rea*$1 x /raightway becomes old & returns home to its root4 8,?is is said to be a rev]sion to de/9y40 ,empt9ess is ! only ?+ :i* endures1 & ?is is at ! same "t ( ! highe/ use4 ,! space betwe5 ,heav5 & e>?1 = example1 may be lik5$ to a pair ( bell[s1 :i*1 ?\gh x is empty1 nev] collapses1 & :i*1 ! m x is ex]cis$1 ! m x br+s =?4 ,s also ) ! :eel ( a c>riage1 or an e>!n vessel1 or ! w9d[s & doors ( a h\se4 ,9 ea* case x is ! non-exi/+ or empty "p :i* is useful4 ,! spokes & nave ( ! :eel1 ! walls ( ! e>!n vessel1 & ! frames ( ! doors & w9d[s are advantage\s1 b ! use ( ea* dep5ds on ! "p :i* is empty4 8,s1 !n1 exi/5ce may be said to correspond to ga91 b non-exi/5ce to use40 ,:5 a ?+ is to be weak5$1 x mu/ fir/ be /r5g!n$2 :5 x is ab\t to be br\ght l[1 x mu/ fir/ be rais$ up2 & t :i* is to be tak5 away f x mu/ fir/ be giv5 to x4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,c5s]1 ,,f ,a ,,taoi/ ,,temple4 ,9 ! sup]iority ( non-exi/5ce ov] exi/5ce lies ! lesson :i*1 above all o!rs1 ,lao-tsze desir$ to impress on man4 ,! great conc]n ( all m5 9 all ages has be5 to take c>e ( ! ?+s ( ! body1 & to neglect ! cultivation ( ! inn] man2 to seek aft] ! gratification ( s5se1 & to =get ! importance ( ! s\l4 ,& :at is ! result8 ,! five colors1 :i* s delight ! eyes1 n unfrequ5tly produce bl9dness4 ,! five s\nds :i* s en*ant ! e> are (t5 ! cause ( deafness4 ,a man's palate1 :i* at fir/ revels 9 ! five ta/es1 soon loses all s5se ( flavor4 ,! pursuit ( pleasure or ( ambition is equally deceptive4 ,rid+ & hunt+ w drive a man mad1 & ?+s h>d to procure br+ evil ^u _! possessors4 8,!re=e1 ! sage makes provision = ! inn] man1 & n = 8 eyes4 ,he puts aside ! "o1 t he may take ! o!r 9 h&40 ,he rememb]s t re/ is ! "l ( motion1 & nev] all[s himself to dep>t f a /ate ( quietude & gravity4 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,rew>ds ,,& ,,puni%m5ts4 ,! ,taoi/s h long be5 9 ! habit ( pr9t+ by subscription1 & circulat+ z a matt] ( religi\s duty1 ! collection ( maxims kn[n z ! ,book ( ,rew>ds & ,puni%m5ts4 ,ea* maxim is foll[$ by a gloss or comm5t>y1 & 9 almo/ e case elucidat$ by appropriate tales & anecdotes4 ,! high repute 9 :i* ?is volume /&s is fur!r indicat$ by ! circum/ance t ! au?or%ip has 9 mod]n times be5 attribut$ to ,lao-tsze himself1 9 8 capacity ( deifi$ & v5]able ,pr9ce or inc>nation ( ,tao4 8,e wise man10 writes a comm5tator1 8ought to be full ( respect = ?is book3 he ought to believe s9c]ely all ! maxims x deliv]s1 & ought to practice !m fai?fully1 reg>dless ( all ob/acles1 & )\t suff]+ ! zeal he _h ev9c$ at ! comm5cem5t to dim9i% at ! close ( 8 c>e]4 ,he ought e morn+ to read x al\d1 & to m$itate on e phrase ) s]i\s att5tion4 ,let him r$\ble 8 ef=ts to p]=m good works1 & 8 anxiety & ardor to correct pa/ fail+s4 ,!n w happ9ess spr+ up )9 himself to recomp5se 8 m]its2 & 8 end w be advancem5t to ! rank ( ! immortals40 ,:ile ! g5]al tone ( ?is production h>monizes ) ! old] treatise1 x be>s frequ5t witness also to ! pres5ce ( a m eclectic & accommodat+ _s4 ,s highly is ?is book e/eem$ z a guide & in/ructor t its di/ribution is consid]$ to be a religi\s duty4 ,edition aft] edition appe>s f ! local presses at ! dem& ( ! *>itable subscrib]s1 :o give !m to ! poor4 ,,"s ,,selections ,,f ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,rew>ds ,,& ,,puni%m5ts4 8,advance along ! "r way1 & retreat f ! evil way40 8,d n betray ! secret ( ! h\sehold40 8,be humane to animals40 8,rectify y\rself & conv]t m540 8,h pity = orphans1 & %[ compassion to wid[s40 8,rejoice at ! success ( o!rs1 & sympa?ize ) _! rev]ses1 ev5 z ?\gh y 7 9 _! place40 8,d n expose ! faults ( o!rs40 8,be/[ favors )\t expect+ recomp5se40 8,give will+ly40 8,a man :o does ^! ?+s is call$ virtu\s4 ,all m5 respect him4 ,provid5ce protects him4 ,good =tune & (fice att5d him4 ,! demons flee f him4 ,! godlike spirits gu>d him4 ,he succe$s 9 all t he lays 8 h& to1 & to him is giv5 ! hope ( immortality40 8,he :o wi%es to become an immortal ( ,heav5 mu/ d a ?\s& & ?ree hundr$ good works4 ,he :o wi%es to become an immortal ( e>? mu/ d ?ree hundr$ good works40 8,he :o inflicts an injury 9 broad daylight1 w be puni%$ by m52 b he :o inflicts an injury 9 secret w be puni%$ by demons40 8,don't take advantage ( ! ignorance ( m5 to deceive !m ) ly+ words40 8,nev] divulge ! faults ( y\r p>5ts40 8,don't rank faults z crimes40 8,don't %oot at birds1 nor hunt animals40 8,don't drive insects f _! holes1 nor fright5 roo/+ birds40 8,don't buy gr\ndless praise40 8,don't kill & cook dome/ic animals except 9 accordance ) ! rites40 8,don't de/roy or ?r[ away ! five k9ds ( gra940 8,:5 y see o!rs cov]$ ) glory & honor1 don't desire to see !m exil$ f ! c\ntry40 8,a h&some figure excites ! admiration ( ! _w1 b x does n deceive ,heav540 8,don't laugh at ! de=mities ( o!rs40 8,don't bury ! effigy ( a man to inflict an incubus ^u him40 ,?is ref]s to ! practice ( bury+ a wood5 figure ( a man to *>m away 8 life1 mu* 9 ! same way t lately1 9 ,%anghai & else:]e1 m5 7 accus$ ( mak+ pap] m5 :i* suffocat$ p 9 _! sleep4 8,don't deceive ! innoc5t & set sn>es = !m40 8,live 9 h>mony ) y\r wife40 8,wives1 respect y\r husb&s40 8,wives1 be n want+ 9 y\r duties t[>d y\r fa!r & "m-9-law40 8,don't treat ) contempt ! s\ls ( y\r ance/ors40 8,wells & he>?s are presid$ ov] by c]ta9 spirits1 & if y leap ov] !m1 n only d y insult ! gods1 b y %[ t y h =gott5 ! two ?+s :i* are ! f\ndation ( ! life ( m540 8,a good man is virtu\s 9 8 words1 looks & actions4 ,if ea* day he practices ^! ?ree virtues1 at ! end ( ?ree ye>s ,heav5 w p\r d[n bless+s ^u him4 ,! wick$ man is vici\s 9 8 words1 looks & actions4 ,if ea* day he practices ^! ?ree vices1 at ! end ( ?ree ye>s ,heav5 w s5d mis=tune ^u him40 ,illu/ration3 ,,c]emonies ,,9 ,a ,,taoi/ ,,temple4 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,secret ,,bless+s4 ,?is book conta9s a numb] ( moral injunctions1 & :ile x is a ,taoi/ book !re is no ref]5ce to ,taoi/ doctr9es 9 x4 ,x consi/s ( #edj words4 ,"s ( its lead+ maxims are giv5 bel[4 8,r$eem ! lives ( animals1 & ab/a9 f %$d+ blood4 ,be c>eful n to tread ^u insects on ! road1 & set n fire to ! =e/s1 le/ y %\ld de/roy life4 ,burn a c&le 9 y\r w9d[ to give light to ! travel]1 & keep a boat to help voyag]s across riv]s4 ,d n spread y\r net on ! m\nta9s to cat* birds1 nor poison ! fi% & reptiles 9 ! wat]s4 ,nev] de/roy pap] :i* is writt5 ^u1 & ent] into no league aga9/ y\r neighbor4 ,avoid cont5tions1 & bew>e n to /ir up ill blood4 ,use n y\r p[] to discr$it ! good1 nor y\r ri*es to p]secute ! poor4 ,love ! good1 & flee f ! face ( a wick$ man1 le/ y fall into evil4 ,hide y\r neighbor's faults1 & speak only ( _! good de$s1 & let y\r m\? utt] ! true s5tim5ts ( y\r he>t4 ,remove /ones & dbris f ! roadway1 repair ! footpa?s & build bridges4 ,publi% abroad lessons = ! improvem5t ( mank9d1 & devote y\r weal? to ! good ( y\r fell[-m54 ,9 all y\r actions foll[ ! pr9ciples ( ,heav51 & 9 all y\r words foll[ ! purifi$ he>t ( man4 ,h all ! sages ( antiquity be=e y\r eyes1 & exam9e c>efully y\r consci5ce4 ,:at good ?+ w be )held f him :o practices secret b5efits80 ,,! ,,gods ,,( ,,! ,,taoi/s4 ,lao-tsze _h no?+ to say ( gods & goddesses4 ,:5 ,buddhism came to ,*9a x taught ,lao-tsze's disciples to h gods4 ,z ! ,buddhi/s _h deifi$ ,lakya-muni1 s ! ,taoi/s n[ deifi$ ,lao-tsze4 ,z ! ,buddhi/s wor%ip$ "u ! =m ( ! 8,?ree ,preci\s ,ones10 s ! ,taoi/s wor%ip$ ,lao-tsze z ,san-,ts+1 or ! 8,?ree ,pure ,ones40 ,!y _h an image = ea* "o ( ! ?ree1 & seat$ !m side by side4 ,! prie/s g5]ally1 & b r>ely ! common p1 wor%ip ! ,san-,ts+4 ,= ! common p a god 0 introduc$1 call$ ! 8,pe>ly ,emp]or ,supreme ,rul]40 ,he is ! *ief ,taoi/ god4 ,he is call$ ! produc] ( all ?+s & gov]nor ( all4 ,to him all ! gods make _! reports4 ,9 times ( dr\ght1 ! gov]nors1 ! m&>9s1 g to 8 temple to burn inc5se & pray = ra94 ,!y c>ry idols ) !m & make ?anksgiv+ (f]+s aft] ! ra9 has come4 ,! ,taoi/ wor%ips ! m\nta9s1 valleys1 /reams1 riv]s & />s4 ,! ,great ,be> is suppos$ to be ! palace ( ! goddess ,t[-,mu & ! god ,kwei-,s+4 ,! ,god ( ,?und] is a common object ( wor%ip1 & is repres5t$ z pass+ ?r\gh _m metamorphoses & fill+ all regions ) 8 assum$ =ms4 ,:ile he disc\rses on doctr9e 8 foot re/s on n9e beautiful birds4 ,?irty-six g5]als wait on him = ord]s4 ,a c]ta9 celebrat$ book ( in/ruction is said to h emanat$ f him4 ,8 comm&s are swift z w9ds & fire4 ,he ov]comes demons by ! p[] ( 8 wisdom1 & he is ! fa!r & tea*] ( all liv+ be+s4 ,among o!r l deities are 8! ,"m ( ,lightn+10 8! ,_s ( ! ,sea10 8! ,k+ ( ! ,sea10 & 8! ,"l ( ! ,tide40 ,! temples ( ! ,dragon ,k+ are also favorite resorts ( wor%ip]s1 :o 9 all convulsions ( nature recognize ! ag5cy ( ?is pot5t & amphibi\s mon/]4 ,s]p5ts are look$ ^u z manife/ations ( ?is deity1 & 9 times ( flood (t5 receive wor%ip at ! h&s ( ! educat$ & ! un$ucat$ alike4 ,dur+ ! flood :i* ov]spread ! c\ntry r\nd ,ti5t-s91 9 ! ye> #ahgd1 a s]p5t s\ght %elt] 9 a temple ne> ! city1 & ensconc$ himself b5ea? "o ( ! alt>s4 ,f> f desir+ to get rid ( ! intrud]1 ! prie/s welcom$ x z a sacr$ gue/ ( good om51 & ,li-,hung-*ang1 ! vic]oy ( ! prov9ce1 came 9 p]son to pay rev]5ce to x z ! p]sonification ( ! ,dragon ,k+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,?ree ,,pure ,,ones4 ,illu/ration3 ,,god ,,( ,,! ,,kit*54 ,illu/ration3 ,,god ,,( ,,?und]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c>ry+ ,,! ,,dragon4 ,illu/ration3 ,,dragon ,,boat-,,races1 ,a ,,*9ese ,,fe/ival4 ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,lett]s4 ,ap>t f ^! m g5]al deities are gods :o preside ov] ! diff]5t pursuits & call+s ( m54 ,z ! numb] ( deities is unlimit$1 & z x is obvi\sly to ! int]e/ ( ! prie/s to enc\rage wor%ip ( :atev] k9d at _! temples1 !re has nev] be5 any difficulty 9 add+ a god or two to ! ,pan!on4 ,?us /ud5ts h *os5 to appropriate to !mselves a god1 :o is suppos$ to wat* ov] ! lit]>y ef=ts ( 8 vot>ies4 ,wan-*ang te-keun1 or ! god ( lit]ature1 is1 accord+ to leg5d1 ! disembodi$ _s ( ,*ang ,*ung1 an (ficial ( ! ,*[ ,dyna/y4 ,"u subsequ5t dyna/ies1 he appe>$ on e>? 9 ! p]sons ( m5 r5[n$ = _! s*ol>%ip & virtue1 & f9ally1 "u ! ,yu5 ,dyna/y1 he 0 deifi$ "u ! title ( 8,support] ( ! ,yu5 ,dyna/y1 diffus] ( r5ovat+ influ5ces1 ,sze-luh ( ,wan-*ang1 ,god & ,"l40 ,su* is ! ,*9ese conception4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*>m ,,to ,,w>d ,,(f ,,evil ,,spirits ,,f ,a ,,bride4 ,illu/ration3 ,,god ,,( ,,?ieves4 ,,*>ms4 ,dr4 ,williams says1 8! ,*9ese h an almo/ inf9ite v>iety ( sup]/iti\s practices1 ! mo/ ( :i* are ( a deprecatory r ?an an int]cessory "*1 gr[+ out ( _! belief 9 demons & g5ii :o tr\ble or help ! p4 ,x may be said t mo/ ( ! religi\s acts ( ! ,*9ese1 especially ^? p]=m$ 9 temples1 are int5d$ to av]t mis=tune r ?an supplicate bless+s4 ,9 ord] to w>d (f malignant influ5ces1 amulets are worn & *>ms hung up by p]sons ( all rank4 ,among ! latt] are money-swords1 made ( co9s ( diff]5t mon>*s /rung toge!r 9 ! =m ( a dagg]2 & leaves ( ! sweet flag & ,artemisia ti$ 9 a bundle1 or a sprig ( pea*-blossoms2 ! fir/ is plac$ ne> b$s1 ! latt] ov] ! l9tel1 to drive away demons4 ,brass mirrors to cure mad p1 are hung up by ! ri* 9 _! halls1 & figures or repres5tations ( ! unicorn1 ( g\rds1 ( tig] claws1 etc41 ab\nd40 ,illu/ration3 ,,sword ,,*>m4 ,,kwan-,,te1 ,,god ,,( ,,w>4 ,soldi]s wor%ip ,kwan-te1 ! ,god ( ,w>1 :o :5 on e>? bore ! "n ( ,kwan-yu4 ,9 e>ly life he c>ri$ on ! trade ( sell+ bean-curd1 b hav+ a s\l above s mean a call+1 & ! times 9 :i* he liv$ be+ favorable to ambiti\s ent]prise1 he emb>k$ on ! c>e] ( a soldi] ( =tune1 & won = himself bo? honor & r5[n4 ,he liv$ to receive ! title ( ,b>on1 b be+ entrapp$ ?r\gh a crafty enemy1 he 0 tak5 & behead$4 ,= _m c5turies 8 "n rema9$ embalm$ only 9 hi/ory1 b dur+ ! twelf? c5tury he 0 made a god "u ! title ( ,*ung-hun ,kung1 8! ,patriotic & ,clev] ,duke10 & a little lat] he 0 promot$ to ! rank ( ,pr9ce4 ,?us gods are manufactur$ by pagan nations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,kwan-,,te1 ,,god ,,( ,,w>4 ,,tsai-,,%91 ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,ri*es4 ,b probably no god is wor%ip$ ) great] f]vor ?an is ,tsai-%91 ! ,god ( ,ri*es4 ,?\gh ! pursuit ( ri*es & honor is disc\nt5anc$ by all ! lead+ ,taoi/ writ]s1 ! natural desire = weal? has ov]come all religi\s w>n+s & d5unciations1 & is z /rong among ! ,taoi/s ( ,*9a z among ! mo/ money-lov+ nation 9 ! _w4 ,no god c boa/ m temples rais$ to 8 honor ?an ,tsai-%94 ,e trad] :o at ! end ( ! ye> f9ds ! balance ( 8 acc\nts 9 8 favor ackn[l$ges ! m]cy %[n him by mak+ a votive (f]+ to ! disp5s] ( weal?1 & he :o fe>s a loss attempts to propitiate ! god :om he believes able to help by sacrifices & gifts4 ,,taoi/ ,,sup]/itions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,taoi/s ,,consult+ ,,! ,,oracles ,,at ,,! ,,magicians4 ,!re is no?+ di/9ctively ,taoi/ 9 ! wor%ip ( ^! gods except ! gross sup]/ition :i* accompanies x1 & x is evid5ce ( ! pres5t v degrad$ condition ( ,taoism t1 :5ev] a popul> deity has to be en?ron$1 ,taoi/ prie/s are ! s]vitors *os5 to wait ^u 8 %r9e4 ,comb9$ ) ! (fice ( gu>dian1 ^! back-slid+ *>latans ply ! trades ( =tune-tell]s1 prophets & doctors4 ,if a m]*ant wi%es to "k :e!r a v5ture w turn out pr(itably or ! rev]se1 or if a "m wants to be assur$ :e!r h] infant's future is to lie among ! bless+s ( (fice1 weal? & long life1 or to be accompani$ by pov]ty & mis=tune1 !y betake !mselves to a ,taoi/ prie/1 :o1 well v]s$ 9 ! tricks :i* ape sup]human k1 returns oracul> responses1 :i* satisfy1 = ! "t be+ at lea/1 ! sup]/iti\s wants ( ! applicants4 ,nor is _! m$ical advice bas$ on any sur] basis4 ,dr4 ,gray1 9 8 rec5t "w on ,*9a1 gives ! foll[+ description ( an incid5t he witness$ at a temple 9 ,canton3 8,:il/ ,i 0 visit+ "o ( ^! temples1 a fa!r br\ght 8 son to ! prie/s 444 say+ t ! *ild 0 possess$ ( a devil4 ,hav+ consult$ ! idol1 ! prie/s in=m$ him t !re 7 no few] ?an five devils 9 ! body ( 8 son1 b t !y 7 prep>$ to expel !m all on ! paym5t ( a c]ta9 sum4 ,! fa!r agre$4 ,! *ild 0 !n plac$ 9 front ( ! alt>1 & on ! gr\nd ne> 8 feet 7 plac$ five eggs1 into :i* ! prie/s adjur$ ! devils to g4 ,z soon z !y 7 suppos$ to h ent]$ ! eggs1 ! *ief ( ! prie/s cov]$ !m ov] ) an e>!nw>e vase1 & at ! same "t s\nd$ a l\d bla/ ^u a horn4 ,:5 ! vase 0 remov$1 ! eggs1 by a trick ( leg]dema91 7 f\nd no long] on ! gr\nd b 9 ! vase4 ,! prie/ !n proce$$ to uncov] 8 arm1 & made an incision ) a lancet on ! fle%y "p4 ,! blood :i* fl[$ f ! w\nd 0 all[$ to m+le ) a small quantity ( wat] 9 a cup4 ,! seal ( ! temple1 ! impression ( :i* 0 ! "n ( ! idol1 0 !n dipp$ into ! blood & /amp$ ^u ! wri/s1 neck1 back & =ehead ( ! poor hea!n *ild1 :o 0 suff]+ f an attack ( fev] & ague40 ,illu/ration3 ,,/one ,,pill>s ,,erect$ ,,by ,,! ,,*9ese ,,to ,,keep ,,(f ,,evil ,,spirits4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tall ,,:ite ,,devil4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%ort ,,black ,,devil4 ,! ,*9ese believe t :5 disease does n yield to m$ical treatm5t1 ! vitals ( ! sick & suff]+ "o are be+ prey$ ^u by an evil _s2 ! physician is ca/ aside1 & ! ,taoi/ prie/s are call$ 91 to ex]cise _! exorcis+ p[]s4 ,"o c sc>cely pass along ! /reets ( a ,*9ese city1 at night1 )\t f9d+ ^! prie/s at "w4 ,j z 9 ,japan1 "o may he>1 e night1 ! beat+ ( ! tom-tom z "s prie/ is drumm+ ! devil out ( "s poor wret*'s body4 ,,*apt] ,,xxiii4 ,,confucius ,,& ,,! ,,classics4 ,confucius6 ,confucius6 ,h[ great 0 ,confucius6 ,be=e him !re 0 no ,confucius6 ,s9ce him !re has be5 no o!r4 ,confucius6 ,confucius6 ,h[ great 0 ,confucius6 ,"o-?ird ( ! human race w\ld probably jo9 9 honor+ ,confucius4 ,! #cdj1jjj1jjj ( ,*9ese w\ld1 )\t d\bt1 accept ! s5tim5t ( ! v]se at ! head ( ?is *apt]--tak5 f a popul> hi/ory ( ,confucius4 ,no man 9 any c\ntry has left s decid$ an impression on 8 c\ntrym5 = s long a "t z ,confucius has left ^u ! ,*9ese4 ,he 01 )\t "q1 a great man1 & 0 wise f> beyond ! m5 ( 8 age4 ,8 say+s1 writ+s & de$s /& out above ^? ( 8 c\ntrym54 ,he f\nd ! moral s5se & religi\s obs]vances ( 8 c\ntrym5 v mu* debas$ dur+ 8 "t1 & set himself to re=m !m by reviv+ ! anci5t obs]vances & tea*+ ! highe/ pr9ciples ( pure morals & b5efic5t gov]nm5t4 ,,! ,,backgr\nd ,,( ,,! ,,picture4 ,be=e look+ at ! /ory ( ,confucius's life let u pause to look at ! times 9 :i* he liv$ & 8 surr\nd+s4 ,he 0 born 9 ! ye> #eej ,b4,c4 ,he 0 8a transmitt] & n a mak]10 z he said2 s x is important t we %\ld see :at !re 0 = him to transmit4 ,we mu/ look into ! pa/ hi/ory ( ! ,*9ese p1 into _! traditions & habits1 &1 above all1 _! e>ly religion4 ,9 dim antiquity ! ,*9ese p came into ! valley ( ! ,yell[ ,riv]1 ?r\gh ,c5tral ,asia1 f ! we/1 :i* 01 p]haps1 ! cradle ( ! race4 ,!y j\rney$ across ! we>y wa/es ( ! ,mongolian ,des]t until !y came to ! f]tile pla9s along ! great ,hwang ,ho4 ,! m\nta9s 7 clad ) =e/s4 ,by ! regul> ra9s & fruitful soil ! labors ( ! p 7 rew>d$ by abundant h>ve/1 & !y gradually took possession ( ! l&4 ,! aborig9al tribes gradually yield$ to _! sup]ior pr[ess1 discipl9e & civilization4 ,colonies 7 plant$ all ov] ! l& "u ! control ( *iefta9s1 or1 z ,m5cius calls !m1 8,pa/ors ( ,m540 ,! hi/ory ( ,*9a1 d[n to ab\t #bcef ,b4,c41 is made ( leg5d>y /ories4 ,) ?is p]iod ! 8,book ( ,hi/ory10 :i* ,confucius edit$1 beg9s4 ,dr4 ,r4 ,k4 ,d\glass1 ( ! ,briti% ,museum1 ?us describes ! reign ( ! two fir/ emp]ors & ! religion ( _! times3 ,illu/ration3 ,,traditional ,,lik5ess ,,( ,,confucius4 ,anci5tly !re 0 an ,emp]or ,ya\1 all-in=m$1 intellig5t1 accompli%$ & ?\ghtful2 & if we are to accept ! receiv$ acc\nt ( 8 reign1 ?is description does n d m ?an ju/ice to 8 "*4 ,8 fir/ c>e1 we are told1 0 to advance ! able & virtu\s to (fices 9 ! ,/ate1 & f9ally he unit$ & h>moniz$ ! myriad ,/ates ( ! ,empire2 &1 lo6 ! black-hair$ p 7 trans=m$4 ,he appo9t$ a/ronom]s to calculate & del9eate ! movem5ts & appe>ances ( ! sun1 ! moon1 ! />s & ! zodiacal spaces2 & he !n det]m9$ ! f\r seasons & ! l5g? ( ! ye>4 ,he adopt$ int]cal>y mon?s1 & ! cal5d> he arrang$ is t :i* is /ill 9 use 9 ,*9a4 ,on ! dea? ( ,ya\1 ,%un :o _h %>$ 8 ?rone = "s ye>s1 succe$$ z sole emp]or4 ,l 8 pr$ecessor1 he 0 pr(\nd1 wise1 accompli%$ & intellig5t4 ,he 0 mild1 respectful & q s9c]e4 ,! report ( 8 my/]i\s virtue 0 he>d on high1 & he 0 appo9t$ to take ! ?rone4 ,"o ( 8 fir/ public acts1 aft] hav+ /ill fur!r p]fect$ ! a/ronomical calculations ( ,ya\1 0 to sacrifice to ,%ang-te1 ! ,supreme ,rul] or ,god4 8,!reaft]10 we are told1 8he sacrific$ specially1 b ) ! ord9>y =ms1 to ,%ang-te2 sacrific$ ) purity & rev]5ce to ! six ,honor$ ,ones2 (f]$ appropriate sacrifice to ! hills & riv]s2 & ext5d$ 8 wor%ip to ! ho/s ( spirits40 ,?is is ! fir/ m5tion we h 9 ,*9ese hi/ory ( religi\s wor%ip1 ?\gh ! expressions us$ pla9ly imply t ! wor%ip ( ,%ang-te at lea/1 _h previ\sly exi/$4 ,x is to ?is ,supreme ,be+ t all ! highe/ =ms ( adoration h be5 (f]$ 9 all ages4 ,by ,8 decree k+s 7 made & rul]s execut$ judgm5t4 ,9 ,8 h&s 7 ! issues ( life & dea?1 & he :om ,he bless$ 0 bless$1 & he :om ,he curs$1 0 curs$4 ,9 all probability !re 0 a "t :5 ! wor%ip ( ,%ang-te 0 ! expression ( ! pure mono!i/ic fai? ( ! ,*9ese4 ,by degrees1 h[ev]1 corruptions crept 91 & ?\gh ,%ang-te always rema9$ ! supreme object ( v5]ation1 !y saw no disloyalty to ,him 9 r5d]+ homage to ! p[]s ( nature :i* !y le>nt to p]sonify1 & to ! spirits ( _! dep>t$ ance/ors1 :o 7 suppos$ to gu>d & wat* ov]1 9 a subord9ate mann]1 ! welf>e ( _! desc5dants4 ,illu/ration3 ,,monum5tal ,,gateway ,,erect$ ,,9 ,,honor ,,( ,,confucius4 ,dur+ ?is reign ! empire 0 divid$ into twelve prov9ces1 & m9i/]s ( agriculture1 crime1 works1 =e/s1 religi\s wor%ip & ( music 7 appo9t$4 ,t ! /&>d ( morality 0 high1 ev5 at ?is e>ly p]iod1 appe>s f ! conv]sations :i* are report$ betwe5 ,%un's vice-reg5t ,yu & "o ( 8 advis]s4 ,9 answ] to ! "q put by ,yu3 8,:at are ! n9e virtues80 ! m9i/] repli$3 8,affability comb9$ ) dignity2 mildness comb9$ ) firmness2 bluntness comb9$ ) respectfulness2 aptness = gov]nm5t comb9$ ) rev]5ce2 docility comb9$ ) boldness2 /raight=w>dness comb9$ ) g5tl5ess2 eas9ess comb9$ ) discrim9ation2 vigor comb9$ ) s9c]ity2 & valor comb9$ ) righte\sness40 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,sage',s ,,life4 ,heih1 ! fa!r ( ,confucius1 0 a milit>y (fic] ( great brav]y & imm5se /r5g?4 ,he 0 m>ri$ to ,y5 ,*+ ,tsai1 ,confucius's "m1 :5 he 0 sev5ty ye>s old4 ,confucius1 ! *ild ( ?is ag$ c\ple1 0 born1 s ! leg5ds say1 9 a cave 9 ,m\nt ,ne4 ,! leg5ds tell h[ 8 bir? 0 h]ald$ by /range signs & appe>ances1 h[ fairies att5d$ ! bir? ( him ( ^: com+ ,y5 ,*+ ,tsai _h be5 w>n$ by g5ii4 ,:ile he 0 yet a boy1 he lov$ to play 9 arrang+ ! vessels ( ! temple-wor%ip1 & li/5$ e>ne/ly to ! /ories ( ! reigns ( ,ya\ & ,%un4 ,:5 fifte5 ye>s old1 he gave himself to m e>ne/ /udy1 & :5 n9ete5 he 0 m>ri$4 ,8 m>ri$ life 0 unhappy1 & aft] a ye> or s he 0 divorc$ f 8 wife4 ,soon aft] ?is1 be+ v poor1 he accept$ ! (fice ( keep] ( ! /ores ( gra91 & 9 ! next ye> he became ! gu>dian ( ! public fields & l&s4 ,:5 tw5ty-two ye>s old1 ,confucius gave up 8 (fices & became ! tea*] ( an e>ne/ b& ( /ud5ts4 ,he refus$ to tea* dull or idle s*ol>s4 ,he said3 8,i d n op5 ! tru? to "o :o is n eag] aft] k1 nor d ,i help any "o :o is n himself anxi\s to expla94 ,:5 ,i h pres5t$ "o corn] ( a subject1 & ! li/5] _c f x le>n ! o!r ?ree1 ,i d n repeat my lesson40 ,:5 tw5ty-eight ye>s ( age1 ,confucius /udi$ ar*]y1 & 9 ! next few ye>s /udi$ music "u ! celebrat$ music-ma/]1 ,siang4 ,! ma/] direct$ 8 pupil to le>n ! air compos$ by ! sage ,wan ,wang ( anci5t days4 ,confucius at once took ! lute1 & 9 ob$i5ce to ,siang's in/ructions1 comm5c$ to play ! air4 ,he cont9u$ x day by day4 8,five days w5t by1 & /ill ,confucius ,play$ all day long ! anci5t simple air2 ,& :5 ,siang w\ld tea* him m he said3 #8,n yet1 my ma/]1 ,i w\ld seize ! ?\ght1 ,! subtle ?\ght :i* hides )9 ! tune4' ,to :i* ! ma/] answ]$3 #8,x is well4 ,take five days m6' ,& :5 ! "t 0 pass$ ,unto ,siang ?us spoke ,confucius3 #8,i d beg9 to see1 & yet :at ,i see ,is v dim4 ,i am z "o :o looks1 ,& no?+ sees except a lum9\s cl\d2 ,give me b five m days1 & at ! end1 ,if ,i h n atta9$ ! great idea ,hidd5 ( old )9 ! melody1 ,i w leave music z beyond my p[]4' #8,d z ?\ wilt1 ,o pupil6' cri$ ,siang ,9 deepe/ admiration2 #8nev] yet ,_h ,i a s*ol> :o 0 l to !e4 ,& on ! fifte5? day ,confucius rose ,& /ood be=e ,siang1 & cri$ al\d3 #8,! mi/ :i* %ad[$ me is bl[n away2 ,i am z "o :o /&s ^u a cliff1 ,& gazes f> & wide ^u ! _w1 ,= ,i h ma/]$ e secret ?\ght1 ,yea1 e %ad[ ( a feel+ dim ,:i* flitt$ ?r\gh ! _s ( ,wan ,wang ,:5 he compos$ t air4 ,i speak to him1 ,i he> him cle>ly answ] me aga92 ,& m ?an t1 ,i see 8 v =m3 ,a man ( middle /ature1 ) a hue ,half bl5d$ ) ! d>k & ) ! fair2 ,8 features long1 & l>ge sweet eyes :i* beam ,) great b5evol5ce--a noble face6 ,8 voice is deep & full1 & all 8 air ,inspires a s5se ( virtue & ( love4 ,i "k t ,i behold ! v man1 ,! sage ( anci5t days1 ,wan ,wang ! j4' 8,!n good ,siang lay d[n ^u ! du/1 ,& said3 #8,?\ art my ma/]4 ,ev5 ?us ,! anci5t leg5d1 kn[n to none b me1 ,describes our fir/ great sire4 ,& ?\ ha/ se5 ,t :i* ,i nev] yet myself beheld1 ,?\gh ,i h play$ ! sacr$ song = ye>s1 ,/riv+ ) all my s\l to p5etrate ,its my/]y unto ! ma/]'s =m1 ,:il/ ?\ ha/ rea*$ x at a s+le b\nd2 ,h5ce=? ! gods alone c tea* !e tune4'0 ,n[1 at ! age ( ?irty1 he became fam\s4 ,_m y\?s1 sons ( nobles1 became 8 will+ s*ol>s4 ,at ?is "t he visit$ ,lao-tsze1 ! f\nd] ( ,taoism4 ,:ile 9 ! capital1 :]e ,lao-tsze liv$1 he ent]$ an old temple :]e he f\nd a metal /atue ( a man ) a triple clasp ^u 8 m\?4 ,on ! back ( ! /atue 7 engrav$ ! words3 8,! anci5ts 7 gu>d$ 9 _! spee*1 & l !m we %\ld avoid loquacity4 ,_m words invite _m defeats4 ,avoid also engag+ 9 _m bus9esses1 = _m bus9esses create _m difficulties40 8,obs]ve ?is1 my *ildr510 said ! sage to 8 disciples4 8,^! words are true1 & comm5d !mselves to our reason40 ,he visit$ v>i\s great cities & c\rts ( emp]ors1 & ev]y:]e 0 receiv$ ) honor4 ,confucius 0 sadd5$ by ! sight ( s mu* disord]4 ,soon aft] writ+ ! 8,book ( ,odes0 & ! 8,book ( ,hi/ory10 he became magi/rate ( ! t[n ( ,*ung-,too4 ,he n[ _h an opportunity ( putt+ 8 pr9ciples ( gov]nm5t to ! te/1 & ! result p>tly ju/ifi$ 8 expectations4 ,he fram$ rules = ! support ( ! liv+1 & = ! obs]vance ( rites = ! dead2 he arrang$ appropriate food = ! old & ! "y2 & he provid$ = ! prop] sep>ation ( m5 & wom54 ,& ! results 71 we are told1 t any?+ dropp$ on ! road 0 n pick$ up2 !re 0 no fraudul5t c>v+ ( vessels2 c(f9s 7 made ( ! orda9$ ?ickness2 graves 7 unm>k$ by m\nds rais$ ov] !m2 & no two prices 7 *>g$ 9 ! m>kets4 ,! duke1 surpris$ at :at he saw1 ask$ ! sage :e!r 8 rule ( gov]nm5t c\ld be appli$ to ! :ole ,/ate4 8,c]ta9ly10 repli$ ,confucius1 8& n only to ! ,/ate ( ,loo1 b to ! :ole empire40 ,=?)1 !re=e1 ! duke made him ,assi/ant ,sup]9t5d5t ( ,works1 & %ortly aft]w>ds appo9t$ him ,m9i/] ( ,crime4 ,"h1 aga91 8 success 0 complete4 ,z soon z he 0 appo9t$ he began to c>ry ! laws into effect by puni%+ high-h&$ crim9als & ere long good gov]nm5t resum$ its sway4 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,( ,,confucius1 ,,! ,,*9ese ,,sage1 ,,9 ,,pek+4 ,?\gh em95tly successful1 ! results obta9$ "u 8 sy/em 7 n q su* z 8 foll[]s h repres5t$ !m to h be54 ,no d\bt crime dim9i%$ "u 8 rule1 b x 0 by no means aboli%$4 ,9 fact1 8 biograph]s m5tion a case :i* mu/ h be5 peculi>ly %ock+ to him4 ,a fa!r br\ght an accusation aga9/ 8 son1 9 ! expectation1 probably1 ( ga9+ 8 suit ) ease be=e a judge :o laid su* /ress on ! virtues ( filial piety4 ,b to 8 surprise1 & t ( ! on-look]s1 ,confucius ca/ bo? fa!r & son into prison1 & to ! remon/rance ( ! head ( ! ,ke-clan answ]$3 8,am ,i to puni% = a brea* ( filial piety "o :o has nev] be5 taught to be filially m9d$8 ,is n he :o neglects to tea* 8 son filial duties1 equally guilty ) 8 son :o fails 9 !m8 ,crime is n inh]5t 9 human nature1 & !re=e ! fa!r 9 ! family1 & ! gov]nm5t 9 ! ,/ate are responsible = ! crimes committ$ aga9/ filial piety & ! public laws4 ,if a k+ is c>eless ab\t publi%+ laws1 & !n p]emptorily puni%es 9 accordance ) ! /rict lett] ( !m1 he acts ! "p ( a sw9dl]2 if he collect ! taxes arbitr>ily )\t giv+ w>n+1 he is guilty ( oppression2 & if he puts ! p to dea? )\t hav+ in/ruct$ !m1 he commits a cruelty40 ,confucius _h great fai? 9 ! p[] ( example4 ,he c\ld n c>ry out all 8 s*emes nor always adh]e to 8 rules4 ,yet ! p rejoic$ 9 8 rule1 & at _! "w sang songs1 describ+ him z _! savi\r f oppression & inju/ice4 ,! t5d5cies ( ! times 7 aga9/ ! en?usia/ic re=m]1 yet he /ruggl$ on4 ,aft] he 0 dismiss$ f (fice 9 ,loo he became ! c\nselor ( pr9ces4 ,he w5t f ,/ate to ,/ate1 & rul] to rul]1 until he 0 sixty-n9e ye>s old4 ,he nev] lo/ confid5ce 9 himself or 9 8 mission4 ,"o morn+1 9 ! spr+ ( ! ye> #dgh ,b4,c41 he walk$ 9 front ( 8 door1 say+3 8,! great m\nta9 mu/ crumble2 ,! /rong beam mu/ break1 ,& ! wise man )]s away l a plant40 ,he 0 n[ )\t honor among ! pr9ces4 ,z he said1 8,no intellig5t mon>* arises2 !re is n "o 9 ! empire :o w make me 8 ma/]4 ,my "t is come to die40 ,t same day he took to 8 b$1 & aft] a week's sickness he di$4 ,he 0 buri$ ) great tok5s ( respect by 8 disciples4 ,,tea*+s ,,& ,,writ+s ,,( ,,! ,,*9ese ,,sage4 ,no man1 probably1 has be5 treat$ ) s mu* contempt dur+ 8 lifetime1 & ) s mu* v5]ation aft] 8 dea?1 z ,confucius4 ,8 life 0 a /&+ prote/ aga9/ ! iniquities ( 8 "t4 ,! tea*+s ( ,confucius are conta9$ 9 ?ree ?9 volumes1 call$ ! ,lun ,yu1 or 8,confucian ,analects20 ! ,ta ,hioh1 or 8,great ,le>n+20 & ! ,*ung ,yung1 or 8,doctr9e ( ! ,mean40 ,confucius also edit$ ! ,yeh ,k+1 or 8,book ( ,*anges20 ! ,%e ,k+1 or 8,book ( ,odes20 & ! ,%oo ,k+1 or 8,book ( ,hi/ory40 ,he d]id$ spiritual tea*+1 did n ref] to ! future life1 & _h little to say ab\t ! gods4 ,z to :]e man came f1 or :]e he 0 go+1 ,confucius 0 nev] tr\bl$4 ,he taught1 man is ma/] ( 8 own happ9ess & de/9y4 ,he might1 by 8 own ef=ts1 become ! equal ( heav54 ,z to morals & good gov]nm5t ,confucius's tea*+s rank high4 ,he 0 really a ,/atesman & ,re=m]1 r ?an a ,religi\s ,tea*]4 ,"s selections f 8 ?ree books w be ( use z illu/rat+ ! /yle & sub/ance ( 8 tea*+s3 ,,! ,,wisdom ,,( ,,! ,,sage4 8,is he n a man ( complete virtue :o feels no discomposure1 ?\gh m5 may take no note ( him80 ,tsng1 ! philosoph]1 said1 8,i daily exam9e myself on ?ree po9ts--:e!r1 9 transact+ bus9ess = o!rs1 ,i may h be5 n fai?ful2 :e!r1 9 int]c\rse ) fri5ds1 ,i may h be5 n s9c]e2 :e!r ,i may h n ma/]$ & practic$ ! in/ructions ( my tea*]40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,he :o aims to be a man ( complete virtue1 9 8 food does n seek to gratify 8 appetite1 nor 9 8 dwell+-place does he seek ! appliances ( ease2 he is e>ne/ 9 :at he is do+1 & c>eful 9 8 spee*2 he frequ5ts ! company ( m5 ( pr9ciple1 t he may be rectifi$4 ,su* a p]son may be said1 inde$1 to love to le>n40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,i w n be afflict$ at m5's n kn[+ me2 ,i w be afflict$ t ,i d n "k m540 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,at fifte51 ,i _h my m9d b5t on le>n+4 8,at ?irty1 ,i /ood firm4 8,at =ty1 ,i _h no d\bts4 8,at fifty1 ,i knew ! decrees ( ,heav54 8,at sixty1 my e> 0 an ob$i5t organ = ! reception ( tru?4 8,at sev5ty1 ,i c\ld foll[ :at my he>t desir$1 )\t transgress+ :at 0 "r40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,! sup]ior man is ca?olic & no p>tisan2 ! mean man is a p>tisan & no ca?olic40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,le>n+ )\t ?\ght is labor lo/2 ?\ght )\t le>n+ is p]il\s40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,= a man to sacrifice to a _s :i* does n belong to him is flatt]y4 8,to see :at is "r1 & n to d x1 is want ( c\rage40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,a man %\ld say1 #8,i am n conc]n$ t ,i h no place2 ,i am conc]n$ h[ ,i may fit myself = "o4 ,i am n conc]n$ t ,i am n kn[n2 ,i seek to be wor?y to be kn[n4'0 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,! reason :y ! anci5ts did n readily give utt]ance to _! words 0 t !y fe>$ le/ _! actions %\ld n come up to !m40 ,tsae ,yu1 be+ asleep dur+ ! daytime1 ! ,ma/] said1 8,rott5 wood _c be c>v$2 a wall ( dirty e>? w n receive ! tr[el4 ,?is ,yu6--:at is ! use ( my reprov+ him80 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,i h n se5 a firm & unb5d+ man40 ,"s "o repli$1 8,!re is ,%9 ,*'ang40 8,*'ang10 said ! ,ma/]1 8is "u ! influ5ce ( 8 lu/s2 h[ c he be firm & unb5d+80 ,tsze-kung said1 8,:at ,i d n wi% m5 to d to me1 ,i also wi% n to d to m540 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,tsze1 y h n atta9$ to t40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,n to d to o!rs z y w\ld n wi% done to y\rself40 ,tsze-kung ask$1 say+1 8,is !re "o ^w :i* may s]ve z a rule ( practice = all "o's life80 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,is n ,,reciprocity su* a ^w8 ,:at y d n want done to y\rself1 d n d to o!rs40 8,:5 "o cultivates to ! utmo/ ! pr9ciples ( 8 nature1 & ex]cises !m on ! pr9ciple ( reciprocity1 he is n f> f ! pa?4 ,:at y d n l1 :5 done to y\rself1 d n d to o!rs40 ,tsze-loo said1 8,i %\ld l1 sir1 to he> y\r wi%es40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,!y are1 9 reg>d to ! ag$1 to give !m re/2 9 reg>d to fri5ds1 to %[ !m s9c]ity2 9 reg>d to ! "y1 to treat !m t5d]ly40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,admirable1 inde$1 0 ! virtue ( ,hwuy6 ,) a s+le bamboo di% ( rice1 a s+le g\rd di% ( dr9k1 & liv+ 9 8 mean1 n>r[ lane1 :ile o!rs c\ld n h endur$ ! di/ress1 he did n all[ 8 joy to be affect$ by x4 ,admirable1 inde$1 0 ! virtue ( ,hwuy60 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,!y :o "k ! tru? are n equal to ^? :o love x2 & !y :o love x are n equal to ^? :o f9d delight 9 x40 ,! ,ma/] 0 mild1 & yet dignifi$2 maje/ic1 & yet n fi]ce2 respectful1 & yet easy4 ,tsng said1 8,:5 a bird is ab\t to die1 its notes are m\rnful2 :5 a man is ab\t to die1 8 words are good40 ,confucius1 9 8 village1 look$ simple & s9c]e1 & z if he 7 "o :o 0 n able to speak4 ,tsze-loo ask$ ab\t gov]nm5t4 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,g be=e ! p ) y\r example1 & be labori\s 9 _! affairs40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,! progress ( ! sup]ior man is upw>ds2 ! progress ( ! mean man is d[nw>ds40 ,! ,ma/] said1 8,9 anci5t times1 m5 le>n$ ) a view to _! own improvem5t4 ,n[adays1 m5 le>n ) a view to ! approbation ( o!rs40 ,,*apt] ,,xxiv4 ,,confucian ,,temples ,,& ,,wor%ip4 ,! ,emp]or pl[+ 9 ! ,sacr$ ,field1 ,:at "t ! ,new ,ye> comes 9 solemn /ate4 ,,ri*>d ,,h5ry ,,/odd>d4 ,among ! prom95t objects ( wor%ip 9 ,*9a may be specifi$ ,%ang-te1 :o is alone wor%ip$ by ! ,emp]or2 ! wor%ip ( ,confucius2 & t ( ! spirits ( deceas$ ance/ors among ! common p4 ,besides ^!1 !re is a ho/ ( deities :o receive wor%ip ) ! ho/ ( spirits :o are dread$ & :o may be propitiat$ by wor%ip4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,s*ool-,,boys4 ,! t5ets ( ,confucius h be5 g5]ally reg>d$ z a sy/em ( religion & h receiv$ ! "n ( 8,confucianism0 among ! ,we/]n au?ors4 ,8 precepts =m ! basis ( morals1 b 9 ! wor%ip ( ,%ang-te by ! ,emp]or1 :o is at ! head ( ! sy/em1 he 9 p]son c alone (ficiate at ! mo/ important c]emonies4 ,at ! same "t t he wor%ips ,%ang-te he unites ! wor%ip ( ,confucius ) x on ! great alt> ( heav5 9 ,pek+4 ,! homage ( ,confucius ent]s into ! daily life ( all /ud5ts4 ,9 e s*ool-room !re is a tablet1 conta9+ ! "n ( ! sage1 be=e :i* e s*ol> makes 8 b[ :5 he ent]s ! room4 ,a mission>y ?us describes ! wor%ip paid to him3 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,joss-,,/ick4 ,z !re is no image ( ,confucius = use on su* occasions1 a slip ( r$ pap]1 ( only a few in*es 9 l5g?1 on :i* has be5 writt5 9 black ink an expression mean+ 8,! ,tea*] & ,patt]n = #aj1jjj ages10 is put ^u ! wall ( ! s*ool-room4 ,9 front ( ?is is plac$ a table1 hav+ ^u x a c5s] & a pair ( c&le/icks4 ,:5 ev]y?+ is ready ! tea*]1 hav+ fir/ light$ & put 9 ! c5s] ?ree /icks ( inc5se1 & 9 ! c&le/icks a c\ple ( c&les1 kneels d[n be=e ! table1 & plac+ 8 h&s on ! floor1 b[s 8 head t[>d ! e>? sl[ly & rev]5tly ?ree times4 ,he !n arises1 & "o ( 8 pupils takes 8 place be=e ! table1 & kneels d[n1 mak+ ! same numb] ( b[+s 9 ! same mann]4 ,ano!r pupil n[ takes ! place1 & p]=ms ! same c]emony2 & s on till all h engag$ 9 ! wor%ip ( ! sage4 ,aft] ?is1 ! food :i* is to be consum$ 9 ! fea/ is plac$ on ! table be=e ! inscription to ,confucius1 :]e x rema9s a %ort "t4 ,x is !n remov$ to ano!r table1 or tables1 ar\nd :i* ! tea*] & 8 pupils ga!r & p>take ( x4 ,be=e ! fea/ ! tea*] usually pres5ts to ea* "o ( 8 pupils a :ite pap] fan1 on :i* he sometimes writes a quotation f ! classics1 or a favorite /anza ( poetry4 ,besides ?is1 he provides a numb] ( toys1 equal to ! numb] ( 8 pupils1 ea* repres5t+ a graduate ( ! fir/1 second or ?ird lit]>y degrees1 :i* are di/+ui%able by ! %ape & color ( _! dresses4 ,x is decid$ by ! ?r[+ ( dice 9 :at ord] ! pupils %all *oose ^! toys4 ,^! toys are valu$ z an om5 = good1 or r z an index ( ! success 9 /udy :i* ea* may hope to atta94 ,x is (t5 an int]e/+ & excit+ "t among ! memb]s ( a s*ool4 ,on a ,*9ese y\? ent]+ a s*ool z pupil = ! fir/ "t 9 any ye>1 he is expect$ to br+ ) him two small c&les1 a few /icks ( inc5se1 & a small quantity ( mock-money1 :i* are to be light$ & consum$ be=e a slip ( pap]1 hav+ "s title ( ,confucius writt5 ^u x1 ! pupil mak+ ! usual pro/ration be=e x aft] ^! ?+s h be5 light$ & :ile !y are be+ consum$4 ,?is is call$ 8ent]+ s*ool10 or 8wor%ip+ ! sage40 ,"o morn+1 "s six ye>s ago1 a lad1 dress$ 9 8 be/ clo!s1 m>*$ into a free-s*ool "u ! *>ge ( a mission>y1 c>ry+1 beside 8 books1 ?ree /icks ( inc5se1 two small c&les1 & a few %eets ( mock-money1 design$1 9 accordance ) e/abli%$ usage1 z an (f]+ to ! ,*9ese sage4 ,x seem$ t ! tea*] _h neglect$ to in=m 8 p>5ts t 9 ! mission s*ool ! sage 0 n wor%ip$4 ,! lad 0 quietly told t ! articles he _h br\ght w\ld n be us$1 inasmu* z ^? :o /udi$ ! books ( ,jesus did n burn inc5se 9 honor ( ,confucius4 ,?us f e>lie/ *ildhood ! y\? ( ,*9a are taught to rev]5ce _! great c\ntryman1 ,confucius4 ,,! ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,%ang-,,te1 ,,at ,,pek+4 ,not)/&+ ! sil5ce ( ,confucius on ! subject ( ,%ang-te1 8 wor%ip has be5 ma9ta9$1 n1 p]haps1 9 its orig9al purity1 b ) m>ks ( rev]5ce :i* place its object on ! highe/ p9nacle ( ! ,*9ese ,pan!on4 ,at ! pres5t day1 ! imp]ial wor%ip ( ,%ang-te1 on ! r\nd hillock to ! s\? ( ! city ( ,pek+1 is surr\nd$ ) all ! solemnity ( :i* su* an occasion is capable4 ,! alt> is a beautiful m>ble /ructure1 asc5d$ by tw5ty-sev5 /eps3 a balu/rade surr\nds ea* t]race4 ,on ! upp] ( ^! ?ree t]races are five tables or alt>s1 on :i* ! (f]+s to ,%ang-te are laid4 ,?is is ! c5tral po9t ( attraction 9 ?is :ole inclosure ( a squ>e mile1 :i* conta9s ?\s&s ( beautiful trees & _m subord9ate build+s4 ,on ano!r t]race /&s a magnific5t triple-ro($ circul> /ructure1 n9ety-n9e feet 9 height1 :i* con/itutes ! mo/ conspicu\s object ( ! :ole4 ,on ! day be=e ! annual sacrifices at ! ,w9t] ,sol/ice1 ! ,emp]or proce$s to ! ,hall ( ,fa/+1 on ! we/ side ( ! s\? alt>4 ,"h he sp5ds ! night 9 wat*+ & m$itation1 aft] fir/ inspect+ ! (f]+s4 ,! tablets to ! ,supreme ,rul] ( ,heav5 7i4e41 ,%ang-te17 & to ! ,emp]or's ance/ors are pres]v$ 9 ! *apel at ! back ( ea* alt>4 ,!re are no images4 ,bo? ^! *apels are circul>1 & cov]$ ) blue glaz$ tiles4 ,! s\? alt>1 ! mo/ important ( all ,*9ese religi\s /ructures1 has ! foll[+ dim5sions4 ,x consi/s ( a triple circul> t]race1 #baj feet wide at ! base1 #aej 9 ! middle1 & #ij at ! top4 ,! heights ( ! ?ree t]races1 upp]1 middle & l[]1 are #e feet1 #f feet1 & #e feet respectively4 ,at ! "t ( sacrific+1 ! tablets to ,heav5 & to ! ,emp]or's ance/ors are plac$ on ! top2 !y are two feet five in*es long & five in*es wide4 ,! title is 9 gilt lett]s2 t ( ,heav5 faces ! s\?1 & ^? ( ! ance/ors ea/ & we/4 ,! ,emp]or1 ) 8 imm$iate suite1 kneels 9 front ( ! tablet to ,%ang-te1 & faces ! nor?4 ,! plat=m is laid ) m>ble /ones1 =m+ n9e conc5tric circles4 ,! inn] circle consi/s ( n9e /ones1 cut s z to fit ) close edges r\nd ! c5tral /one1 :i* is a p]fect circle4 ,"h ! ,emp]or kneels1 & is surr\nd$ fir/ by ! circles ( ! t]races & _! inclos+ walls1 & !n by ! circle ( ! horizon4 ,he ?us seems to himself & 8 c\rt to be 9 ! c5tre ( ! univ]se2 &1 turn+ to ! nor?1 assum+ ! attitude ( a subject1 he ackn[l$ges 9 pray] & by 8 position t he is inf]ior to ,heav51 & to ,heav5 alone4 ,r\nd him1 on ! pavem5t1 are ! n9e circles ( z _m heav5s1 consi/+ ( n9e /ones1 !n eighte51 !n tw5ty-sev51 & s on 9 successive multiples ( n9e till ! squ>e ( n9e1 ! favorite numb] ( ,*9ese philosophy1 is rea*$ 9 ! out]mo/ circle ( eighty-"o /ones4 ,z might be expect$1 c>eful di/9ctions are made 9 ! sacrifices4 ,! animals ord9>ily us$ = food by ! anci5t ,*9ese1 & ! fruits ( ! e>? kn[n to !m1 are almo/ all includ$4 ,b productions rec5tly introduc$ into ! c\ntry are n (f]$4 ,to ,heav5 alone is (f]$ a piece ( blue jade1 cyl9drical 9 %ape & a foot long1 =m]ly us$ z a symbol ( sov]eignty4 ,b ! great di/+ui%+ sign ( sup]iority is ! (f]+ ( a :ole burnt sacrifice to ,heav54 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,alt> ,,( ,,heav51 ,,at ,,pek+4 ,aft] ! same /yle ( build+1 & us$ z a "p ( ! wor%ip ( ,heav5 & e>?1 is ! ,temple ( ! ,sun1 at ,pek+4 ,?is temple has be5 d$icat$ by ! ,*9ese to ! sun z ! great s\rce ( light & heat1 & x has be5 put "u ! protection ( ! god ( fire4 ,f>m]s frequ5t ?is temple 9 dull1 cold wea!r1 to pray = ! sun%9e to rip5 _! gra9 & fruit1 & ! p g5]ally pray to ?is god = protection aga9/ fire4 ,! f\r? day ( e mon? is a high day at ?is temple1 & x is !n cr[d$ ) wor%ip]s4 ,on ?is day1 a b& ( music is provid$1 &1 9 addition to ! ord9>y prie/s ( ! temple1 extra prie/s g ab\t sw++ inc5se1 & conduct+ _m o!r impos+ s]vices4 ,9 ! spr+ ( e ye>1 ! ,*9ese pay great honors to agriculture4 ,! ,emp]or proce$s to ! p>k surr\nd+ ! ,temple ( ,agriculture1 at ,pek+1 & 9 a plot ( gr\nd res]v$ = ! purpose1 & 9 ! pres5ce ( ! gr&ees ( ! empire1 he guides ! imp]ial pl[1 & uses ! se$-plant]1 rake1 etc4 ,aft] ?is1 ! ,emp]or & ! att5dant pr9ces & (ficials proce$ to ! ,temple ( ,agriculture1 :i* is d$icat$ to ,%9-nung1 or ! 8,div9e ,husb&man10 ! fabul\s orig9ator ( ! art4 ,"h bullocks1 sw9e & %eep are (f]$ 9 sacrifice1 & pray]s made to ,%9-nung1 & also to ! god ( ! l&1 ! gra91 ! ocean1 ! w9d1 ! ?und] & ! ra94 ,simil> pl[+ & wor%ip+ are p]=m$ by ! lead+ m&>9s ne> ! s\? gates ( all ! pr9cipal cities ( ! empire1 aft] :i* ! m&>9s m\nt a plat=m1 & call+ ar\nd !m ! pr9cipal f>m]s ( ! vic9ity1 exhort !m to ! prop] dis*>ge ( _! duties z husb&m54 ,at ! close ( ! addresses1 !y pres5t to ea* ( ! f>m]s1 :o h be5 select$ to receive !m1 c]ta9 pres5ts or m$als 9 ! "n ( ! ,emp]or1 9 ord] to enc\rage !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,( ,,agriculture1 ,,at ,,pek+1 ,,*9a4 ,ap>t f ! idolatr\s wor%ip1 ?is conduct ( ! ,emp]or & 8 (ficials is v praisewor?y2 b x is sad to "k t :ile 8,god has n left ,himself )\t witness among !m 9 t ,he does good1 & s5ds !m ra9 & fruitful seasons1 fill+ _! he>ts ) food & gladness10 !y yet d n recognize ,8 exi/5ce & b5efic5ce1 b give ,8 glory to o!rs1 & ,8 praise to grav5 images4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,temple ,,built ,,( ,,bronze ,,9 ,,honor ,,( ,,confucius4 ,,temple ,,to ,,confucius4 ,! mo/ important & sacr$ temple is t adjo9+ ! tomb ( ,confucius 9 ,%antung1 on :i* all ! art ( ! ,*9ese ar*itecture has be5 lavi%$4 ,! ma9 build+ consi/s ( two /ories1 ! upp] v]&a surr\nd+ :i* 8re/s on gorge\s m>ble pill>s1 tw5ty-two feet high1 & ab\t two feet 9 diamet]1 :i* at a di/ance appe> z if huge dragons 7 coil$ ar\nd !m & hang+ f ! top4 ,! tiles ( ! ro( are ( yell[1 z 9 ,pek+1 & ! ornam5tation "u ! eaves is cov]$ ) wire-"w to keep x f ! birds4 ,inside ! build+ is ! image or /atue ( ,confucius1 9 a gorge\sly-curta9$ %r9e1 hold+ 9 8 h& a slip ( bamboo1 su* z 0 us$ = writ+ ^u 9 8 days4 ,! /atue is ab\t eighte5 feet by six feet1 & is life-l4 ,confucius 0 /rong1 tall & well-built1 ) a full r$ face1 & l>ge & heavy head4 ,on ! tablet is ! simple inscription1 #8,! mo/ ,holy presci5t ,sage ,confucius4 ,8 ,_s's re/+-place4' ,on ! ea/ side are images ( 8 favorite disciples1 arrang$ accord+ to ! e/imation 9 :i* he is said to h held !m4 ,! ceil+ ( ! build+ is cr[d$ ) tablets1 hung up 9 honor ( ! sage1 ea* vy+ ) ano!r 9 extravagant praise4 ,be=e him & also be=e 8 disciples1 7 ! usual frames = sacrifices1 & 9 front ( ^!1 beautiful inc5se-pots1 beside !m 7 sev]al mo/ int]e/+ relics1 su* z vases1 said to be ( ! ,%ang ,dyna/y1 ,b4,c4 #afaj1 ! "w ( :i* 0 sup]b4 ,!re 7 also two bronze elephants1 report$ to be ( ! ,*[ ,dyna/y1 & a table ( t same era ( d>k r$-wood4 8,on ! we/ side are two temples2 "o 9 front1 9 honor ( ! fa!r ( ,confucius1 444 & "o beh9d1 9 honor ( 8 "m4444 ,on ! ea/ side are temples to 8 five ance/ors1 & a l>ge block ( m>ble1 :]eon is a g5ealogical tree1 giv+ all ! bran*es ( 8 family4444 ,! build+ beh9d ! gr& temple is ! temple 9 honor ( 8 wife1 9 :i* 0 only a tablet & no image4 ,! second temple beh9d t conta9$ f\r tablets1 erect$ by ,k'ang-he 9 8 honor1 "o "* on ea*1 & ! int]pretation 03 #8,! p]spicu\s tea*] ( #aj1jjj k+doms4' ,"h also are ?ree pictures ( ! sage on m>ble2 "o an old man1 full-l5g?1 r dim1 hav+ no date2 ! second small]1 ) seal *>act]s on ! side2 ! ?ird & be/1 giv+ only 8 head & %\ld]s4 ,^! v>i$ some:at b 7 sub/antially alike4 ,all ( !m h ! m\? or lips op5 & front tee? expos$1 & ! full contemplative eyes4 ,imm$iately beh9d ^! are engrav+s on m>ble1 illu/rat+ all ! *ief incid5ts ( 8 life1 ) appropriate explanations at ! side4 ,( ^! !re 7 altoge!r #abj slabs1 :i* are built into ! wall4 8,! image ( ,confucius does n /& alone1 b is surr\nd$ by images ( 8 pr9cipal disciples1 :ile 9 a hall at ! back ( t d$icat$ to him are rang$ ^? ( 8 ance/ors4 ,occasionally diff]5t emp]ors h visit$ 8 tomb 9 ,%antung1 at :i* times ! imp]ial pilgrims h wor%ip$ ) extraord9>y solemnity at 8 %r9e 9 ! adjo9+ temple4 ,k'ang-he1 ! mo/ celebrat$ bo? z a rul] & a s*ol> ( ! emp]ors ( ! pres5t dyna/y1 w5t on su* a pilgrimage1 & #8set ! example ( kneel+ ?rice & ea* "t ly+ 8 =ehead ?rice 9 ! du/ be=e ! image ( ! sage4' 8,9 ! eighte5 prov9ces !re are #a1ejj temples d$icat$ to 8 wor%ip1 :]e on ! fir/ & fifte5? days ( ea* moon1 sacrificial s]vices are p]=m$ be=e him1 & once 9 ! spr+ & autumn ! local (ficials g 9 /ate to take "p 9 acts ( specially solemn wor%ip4 ,accord+ to ! ,%+ mea\ *e1 or #8,hi/ory ( ! ,temples ( ! ,sage1' z _m z six bullocks1 #bg1jjj pigs1 #e1hjj %eep1 #b1hjj de] & #b1gjj h>es are sacrific$ on ^! occasions1 & at ! same "t #bg1fjj pieces ( silk are (f]$ on 8 %r9e40 ,we h be=e m5tion$ ! exam9ation ( c&idates = civil s]vice 9 ! classics4 ,x w be ( int]e/ n[ to give m 9 detail on ^! exam9ations4 ,,exam9ations ,,9 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,books4 ,dr4 ,h4 ,m4 ,field tells u ( ! ,exam9ation ,hall t1 9 ! ea/]n qu>t] ( ,canton1 is an inclosure ( _m acres1 laid (f 9 a mann] :i* betok5s "s unusual purpose4 ,! gr\nd is divid$ by a succession ( long1 l[ build+s n mu* bett] ?an horse-%$s ar\nd a ,new ,engl& meet+-h\se 9 ! old5 "t4 ,!y run 9 p>allel l9es1 l b>racks = a camp1 & are divid$ into n>r[ comp>tm5ts4 ,once 9 ?ree ye>s ?is va/ camp+-gr\nd pres5ts an extraord9>y spectacle1 = !n are ga!r$ 9 ^! c\rts1 f all p>ts ( ! prov9ce1 "s #aj1jjj c&idates1 all ( :om h previ\sly pass$ a fir/ exam9ation1 & receiv$ a degree & n[ appe> to compete = ! second4 ,"s are "y1 & "s are old1 = !re is no limit put ^u age4 ,z ! c&idates pres5t !mselves1 ea* man is se>*$1 to see t he has no books1 or helps ( any k9d1 conceal$ ^u 8 p]son4 ,he is !n put 9 a /all ab\t ?ree feet wide1 j l>ge en\gh to turn r\nd 9 & z b>e z a prison]'s cell4 ,!re is a ni*e 9 ! wall1 9 :i* a bo>d c be plac$ = him to sit ^u1 & ano!r ni*e to support a bo>d t has to s]ve z breakfa/-table & writ+-table4 ,?is is ! furniture ( 8 room4 ,"h he is %ut 9 f all communication ) ! _w1 8 food be+ pass$ to him ?r\gh a door1 z to a prison]4 ,c]ta9 !mes are !n submitt$ to him 9 writ+ on :i* he is to furni% writt5 essays1 int5d$ g5]ally1 & p]haps always1 to det]m9e 8 k ( ! classics4 ,x is sometimes said t ^! are frivol\s que/ions1 ! answ]s to :i* af=d no pro( :atev] ( "o's capacity = (fice1 b x %\ld be rememb]$ t ^! classics are ! writ+s ( ,confucius1 :i* are ! political e?ics ( ! c\ntry1 ! v f\ndation ( ! gov]nm5t1 )\t kn[+ :i*1 "o is n qualifi$ to take "p 9 its adm9i/ration4 ,! c&idate goes into 8 cell 9 ! aft]noon1 & sp5ds ! night !re1 :i* gives him "t = reflection1 & all ! next day & next night1 :5 he comes out1 & aft] a few days is put 9 aga9 = ano!r trial ( ! same "*1 & ?is is repeat$ a ?ird "t2 at ! end ( :i* he is releas$1 & 8 essays are submitt$ = exam9ation4 ,( ! #aj1jjj1 only #ge c obta9 a degree--n "o 9 a hundr$6 ,! #i1ibe mu/ g back disappo9t$1 _! only consolation be+1 t aft] ?ree ye>s !y c try aga94 ,ev5 ! successful ones d n !reby get an (fice1 b only ! "r to ent] = a ?ird competition1 :i* takes place at ,pek+1 by :i* ( c\rse _! ranks are ?9n$ /ill m4 ,! few :o get ?r\gh ?is ?reefold ordeal take a high place 9 ! lit]>y class1 f :i* all appo9tm5ts to ! public s]vice are made4 ,"h is ! sy/em ( exam9ation complete4 ,no trial c be imag9$ m sev]e1 & x ought to give ! ,*9ese ! be/ civil s]vice 9 ! _w4 ,,anecdotes ,,( ,,/ud5ts4 ,,h[ ,,m5cius',s ,,"m ,,incit$ ,,h] ,,son ,,to ,,/udy4 ,dur+ ! ,*[ dyna/y 7,b4,c4 #aabb-bbe71 ,m5cius1 at ! age ( ?ree ye>s1 lo/ 8 fa!r4 ,8 "m1 ^: "n 0 ,s91 0 a woman ( di/+ui%$ wor? & virture4 ,m5cius w5t to s*ool1 b soon ?rew aside 8 books & return$ home4 ,8 "m 0 v mu* inc5s$ at ?is c\rse1 & tak+ a knife1 cut ! web ( clo? %e 0 weav+1 say+3 8,my son1 y\r desi/+ f y\r /udies is l my cutt+ ?is web40 ,m5cius1 trembl+ ) appreh5sion1 return$ to s*ool & /udi$ ) dilig5ce1 nor did he int]mit 8 lit]>y pursuits until he became a wor?y1 next 9 rank to ! sage ,confucius4 ,,h[ ,a ,,tir$ ,,/ud5t ,,0 ,,l$ ,,back ,,to ,,8 ,,/udies4 ,9 ! "t ( ! ,tang dyna/y 7#fbj-ijf ,a4,d47 ,lei ,peh1 :ile yet "y1 & be=e he _h complet$ 8 /udies left s*ool & />t$ = home4 ,on ! road he saw an old woman engag$ 9 gr9d+ away on an iron pe/le4 ,peh inquir$ :y %e 0 ?us gr9d+ ! pe/le8 ,%e answ]$3 8,i want to make a ne$le40 ,he 0 surpris$ at h] words1 & influ5c$ by !m1 return$ to s*ool1 & /udi$ ) mo/ assidu\s application4 ,he f9ally became a memb] ( ! ,imp]ial college at ! capital4 ,,! ,,little ,,sage ,,:o ,,hid ,,fire ,,to ,,light ,,8 ,,lamp4 ,probably betwe5 #dgi-eja ,a4,d41 liv$ ,y'su ,yung1 :o :5 he 0 only eight ye>s old1 0 s fond ( /udy1 t 8 p>5ts 7 afraid he w\ld impair 8 eyes by 8 dilig5ce4 ,!y !re=e =bade him ! use ( books1 b he w\ld n obey !m4 ,con/antly he hid fire until 8 p>5ts _h retir$ to re/1 :5 he w\ld light 8 lamp & /udy4 ,he took 8 clo!s1 & ! cov]let ( 8 b$ & hung !m up ov] ! w9d[ ( 8 room1 le/ ! light escap+ ?r\gh x1 %\ld be se5 by "s "o ( ! family4 ,9 ?is way 8 "n became v widely celebrat$ z a s*ol>4 ,at home & abroad ! p call$ him 8! little sage40 ,at ! age ( twelve he became a high (fic] ( gov]nm5t1 & 0 aft]w>d promot$ to ! ,sup]9t5d5cy ( ! ,(f]+ ( ,w9e4 ,,an ,,example ,,( ,a ,,/udi\s ,,ance/or4 ,fan ,%un ,j91 9 ! ,sung dyna/y1 day & night 0 dilig5t 9 /udy4 ,he 0 9 ! habit ( plac+ 8 lamp )9 ! curta9s ( 8 b$1 & ?us /udy+ till pa/ midnight4 ,aft]w>d1 he became a v di/+ui%$ (fic]4 ,8 wife pres]v$ ! curta91 :i*1 at ! top1 _h become black by ! soot4 ,occasionally %e w\ld br+ x =?1 & %[ x to h] *ildr5 & gr&*ildr51 say+1 8,y\r fa!r & gr&fa!r1 :5 he 0 a boy1 0 v /udi\s4 ,"h are ! m>ks ( ! smoke ( 8 lamp40 ,,! ,,/ud5t ,,) ,a ,,r\nd ,,/ick ,,= ,a ,,pill[4 ,dur+ ! ,sung dyna/y1 ,sie ,ma ,wan1 :5 a boy1 :e!r he 0 mov+ ab\t or at re/1 9 all 8 conduct 0 dignifi$ & decor\s1 l a p]fect old g5tleman4 ,at sev5 ye>s ( age he he>d an explanation ( ! classic call$ 8,spr+ & ,autumn40 ,he 0 v mu* pleas$1 &1 hav+ return$ home1 conv]s$ ) ! memb]s ( 8 family 9 su* a mann] z to %[ t he und]/ood its pr9ciples4 ,he 0 accu/om$ to use a r\nd block ( wood = a pill[4 ,:5 he became sleepy1 & fell into a doze1 ?is pill[ w\ld roll a little & awak5 him4 ,once awak5$1 he w\ld apply himself to 8 /udies aga9 ) vigor4 ,he f9ally became an object ( wor%ip1 8 tablet be+ plac$ 9 ! temple ( ,confucius4 ,,! ,,/ud5t ,,) ,a ,,hole ,,9 ,,! ,,wall4 ,9 ! ,han dyna/y1 :i* began ab\t #bje ,b4,c41 & end$ ab\t #be ,a4,d41 liv$ ,kwang ,hung1 :o 0 v indig5t4 ,?\gh v fond ( books1 he 0 de/itute ( ! means ( pur*as+ oil4 ,8 neighbor1 9 ! adjo9+ h\se1 _h c&les2 b ! light c\ld n p5etrate ?r\gh ! wall4 ,hung !re=e made a hole 9 x1 9 ord] to procure rays ( light by :i* he c\ld prosecute 8 /udies4 ,9 ! city1 a weal?y man1 ^: surname 0 ,great1 _h a l>ge numb] ( books4 ,hung 0 anxi\s to "w = him1 ?\gh n = ! purpose ( receiv+ wages4 ,he only desir$ ! privilege ( read+ ! ri* man's books z 8 pay4 ,mr4 ,great 0 s mu* int]e/$ 9 ! proposal & 9 ! man t he gave him "s ( 8 books z 8 wages4 ,hung became a v le>n$ man1 & f9ally obta9$ ! (fice ( prime m9i/]4 ,) /ories l ^! ! ,*9ese enc\rage ! p to /udy ! sacr$ books4 ,besides ! gods above m5tion$ !re are hundr$s ( o!rs1 gods ( occupations1 pr(essions & call+s2 gods ( lit]ature1 ( art1 ( play-act+1 ( gambl+1 & a ho/ ( o!rs are f\nd ev]y:]e4 ,,*apt] ,,xxv4 ,,home-,,life ,,"u ,,confucianism4 ,a man d good1 he g to ,joss2 he no d good1 v mu* bamboo cat*ee he4--,,! ,,fam\s ,,h[qua',s ,,reply ,,to ,,an ,,am]ican ,,sea-,,capta94 ,"o ( ! mo/ prom95t features ( ! ,*9ese religion is ! excessive rev]5ce t is paid to p>5ts4 ,we rememb] ! comm&m5t ( old1 8,honor ?y fa!r & ?y "m1 t ?y days may be long ^u ! l& :i* ! ,"l ?y ,god give? !e40 ,! ,*9ese h long liv$ 9 _! l&2 !y h outliv$ ! k+doms ( ,p]sia1 ,egypt1 ,judea1 ,babylon1 ,greece & ,rome4 ,x c]ta9ly seems z if ?is 7 a fulfillm5t ( ! promise ( ,god1 t1 z !y honor _! p>5ts1 s are !y p]mitt$ to live long 9 _! l&4 ,?is rev]5ce = p>5ts1 :ile liv+ & aft] dea?1 is f\nd among o!r nations2 b n[h]e is s great /ress laid ^u ?is "p ( duty z 9 ,*9a4 ,! anci5t ritual on filial duty directs t1 dur+ ! lifetime ( 8 p>5ts1 a son %\ld n g abroad1 or1 if he d s1 !n to a fix$ place4 ,:5 at home1 he %\ld rise ) ! fir/ cock-cr[1 & hav+ wa%$ & dress$ himself c>efully1 %\ld inquire :at ! wi%es ( 8 p>5ts are z to ! food !y w\ld eat & dr9k4 ,he %\ld n ent] a room unless invit$ by 8 fa!r1 nor retire )\t p]mission2 nei!r %\ld he speak unless spok5 to4 ,:5 leav+ ! h\se1 he %\ld report himself1 & on return+ %\ld make 8 pres5ce kn[n4 ,he %\ld be regul> 9 8 amusem5ts1 att5tive to 8 call+1 con/ant 9 spee*1 & avoid+ all ref]5ce to old age4 ,?is la/ is a po9t /rongly insi/$ ^u1 & e boy has held up to him z an example to be foll[$ ! conduct ( ,laoa ,lai tsze1 :o1 fe>+ t ! recognition by 8 p>5ts ( ! fact t he 0 sev5ty ye>s old w\ld rem9d !m ( _! own great age1 us$ to dress himself 9 a *ild's frock1 & play ab\t ! room l an infant6 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,sitt+-,,room4 8,( all ?+s10 said ,confucius1 8:i* d]ive _! natures f ,heav5 & e>?1 man is ! mo/ noble2 & ( all ! duties :i* are incumb5t on him1 !re is none great] ?an filial ob$i5ce2 nor1 9 p]=m+ ?is is !re any?+ s ess5tial z to rev]5ce "o's fa!r2 &1 z a m>k ( rev]5ce1 !re is no?+ m important ?an to place him on an equality ) ,heav54 ,?us did ! noble ,duke ,*[4 ,=m]ly1 he sacrific$ on ! r\nd alt> to ! spirits ( 8 remote ance/ors1 z equal ) ,heav52 & 9 ! op5 hall he sacrific$ to ,wan ,wang 78 fa!r71 z equal ) ,%ang-te40 ,repeat$ly1 ?r\gh\t ! tea*+s ( ! sage & ( ,m5cius1 ref]5ce is made to ance/ral wor%ip4 ,yet1 x did n orig9ate ) ,confucius1 = he b h&$ d[n a m anci5t =m ( wor%ip4 ,confucius m]ely reviv$ t4 ,really1 ,confucius c>$ v little ab\t wor%ip ( any sort2 8 sy/em 0 ( ! e>?1 e>?y4 ,all ! wor%ip ( mod]n ,confucianism is ! addition ( lat] days4 ,:atev] ( wor%ip or ( /rictly religi\s tea*+ is to be f\nd 9 ,confucius's writ+s is !re because ( "s connection ) gov]nm5t or moral tea*+s4 ,! idea ( filial piety is c>ri$ up to ! gov]nm5t4 ,! common p mu/ respect & obey ! (fic]s z fa!rs2 l[] (fic]s mu/ look ^u ! high] (fic]s z fa!rs2 & all mu/ look to ! ,emp]or z fa!r4 ,he1 9 turn1 mu/ look ^u 8 p z 8 *ildr54 ,?us ! pat]nal idea prevails4 ,,wor%ip+ ,,! ,,tablet4 ,almo/ e ,*9ese h\se has ei!r a 8hall ( ance/ors0 or at lea/ a closet1 :]e ! ance/ral tablet is kept4 ,! tablet is call$ ,%9 ,*u1 mean+ h\se ( ! _s4 ,x is made ( wood1 & is g5]ally ab\t twelve in*es high & ?ree in*es wide4 ,! wood is g5]ally fragrant1 & p>ts are elaborately c>v$4 ,x consi/s ( ?ree pieces1 a p$e/al & two upright pieces4 ,(t5 a place is cut 9 ! back1 9 :i* pieces ( pap] conta9+ ! names ( ance/ors are ins]t$4 ,e day be=e ?is tablet inc5se & pap] pray]s are burn$4 ,! pray]s are writt5 ^u ! pap]1 & ! ,*9ese believe t :5 ! pap]s are burn$ !y g to _! dead fa!rs & mo!rs4 ,^! are n pray]s = ^! dead p>5ts1 b pray]s to !m4 ,!y believe t ea* man has ?ree s\ls1 "o ( :i* at 8 dea? goes to ,heav51 "o rema9s ) ! body 9 ! grave & "o returns home & lives 9 ! ance/ral tablet4 ,9 ,april ( ea* ye> a day is select$1 :5 especial wor%ip is paid at ! graves4 ,e man1 woman & *ild ha/5s away to ! family tombs1 tak+ (f]+s & c&les to wor%ip at ! graves4 ,to neglect ?is c]emony is c\nt$ a slight to "o's dead p>5ts4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ance/ral ,,tablet4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*9aman ,,burn+ ,,pray]s ,,in/ead ,,( ,,say+ ,,!m4 ,! foll[+ translation ( a pray] (f]$ at ! tomb %[s t x is a real wor%ip :i* is giv53 8,,tankwang1 #ab? ,ye>1 #c;d ,moon1 #a/ ,day4 8,i1 ,l9 ,kwang1 ! second son ( ! ?ird g5]ation1 presume to come be=e ! grave ( my ance/or1 ,l9 ,kung4 ,revolv+ ye>s h br\ght aga9 ! season ( spr+4 ,*]i%+ s5tim5ts ( v5]ation1 ,i look up & sweep y\r tomb4 ,pro/rate1 ,i pray t y w come & be pres5t1 & t y w grant to y\r po/]ity t !y may be prosp]\s & illu/ri\s4 ,at ?is season ( g5ial %[]s & g5tle breezes1 ,i desire1 to recomp5se ! root ( my exi/5ce1 & ex]t myself s9c]ely4 ,always grant y\r safe protection4 ,mo/ rev]5tly1 ,i pres5t ! five-fold sacrifice ( a pig1 a f[l1 a duck1 a goose1 & a fi%2 also1 an (f]+ ( five plates ( fruit1 ) libations ( spiritu\s liquors1 e>ne/ly entreat+ t y w come & view !m4 ,) ! mo/ att5tive respect1 ?is ann\ncem5t is pres5t$ on high40 ,illu/ration3 ,,br++ ,,home ,,"o ,,( ,,! ,,s\ls ,,( ,a ,,dead ,,man ,,9 ,,8 ,,clo!s4 ,to a ,*9aman !re is no great] s9 ?an to neglect ! wor%ip ( an ance/or2 no great] calamity c happ5 ?an t he %\ld die & be buri$ away f 8 native l&4 ,almo/ e /eam] t crosses ! ,pacific f ,am]ica c>ries "o or m pres]v$ bodies ( ,*9am51 tak+ !m home to be buri$4 ,,c]emony ,,( ,,turn+ ,,! ,,bridge-,,ladd]4 ,aft] ! dead body has be5 laid out1 ?is s+ul> cu/om is obs]v$ 9 _m families4 ,sometimes ^? families :i* h no m>ri$ or betro!d daught]s d n practice x on ! dea? ( its head4 ,! m>ri$ daught]s are expect$ !n to return home4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c]emony ,,( ,,turn+ ,,ar\nd ,,! ,,bridge ,,ladd]4 ,sev]al ,taoi/ prie/s are employ$ to prep>e ! 8bridge-ladd]0 & aid 9 ! celebration ( ! c]emony at ! exp5se ( ! son-9-law or sons-9-law ( ! deceas$4 ,a po/ sev5 or eight feet high is plac$ 9 a socket or frame /&+ on ! gr\nd4 ,into holes made 9 ! sides ( ?is po/ are fa/5$ sev]al bamboos two or ?ree feet long4 ,^! /icks project outw>d & upw>d a little f ! po/4 ,sometimes ^! /icks am\nt to sev]al t5s4 ,! long] ones are plac$ t[>d ! bottom & ! %ort] ones t[>d ! top1 ! l[e/ ti] be+ ?ree or f\r feet f ! gr\nd4 ,at ! extreme out] end ( ea* is susp5d$ by a wire a k9d ( glass cup conta9+ oil & wick+1 ! :ole con/itut+ a lamp4 ,on ! top ( ! po/ is plac$ a c&le4 ,into a hole1 ab\t ?ree feet f ! gr\nd1 made 9 ! upright po/1 is ins]t$ a pole project+ at a "r-angle1 "s two or ?ree feet long] ?an ! longe/ ( ! /icks hav+ lamps at _! ends4 ,?is 8bridge ladd]10 is plac$ 9 ! middle ( ! room4 ,on "o side ( ! room is plac$ a table hav+ c&les & inc5se on x4 ,on ! wall or p>tition ( ! room by ?is table are susp5d$ "o or two l>ge pap] hang+s1 relat+ to ! inf]nal regions4 ,! body ( ! deceas$ is ly+ on "o side ( ! room1 or1 if !re is an adjo9+ room :i* c be us$ x is plac$ 9 t4 ,:5 ev]y?+ is ready1 ! c]emony is comm5c$ by light+ ! lamps & c&le on ! 8bridge-ladd]10 z well z ! c&les & inc5se on ! table4 ,! prie/s *ant _! liturgy amid ! noise ( cymbals4 ,! m>ri$ daught] comes =w>d1 hav+ a :ite cotton clo? b\nd ab\t h] head1 p>tially conceal+ h] eyes1 or %e holds to h] eyes a :ite cotton clo? mu* z "o w\ld a h&k]*ief :ile cry+4 ,! elde/ son ( ! deceas$1 if !re be a liv+ son1 n[ advances & tak+ hold ( ! end ( ! long pole pu%es g5tly aga9/ x4 ,! po/ turn+ on its socket1 ! entire 8bridge-ladd]0 moves4 ,! wife ( ! elde/ son1 8 y\ng] bro!rs & _! wives1 ! m>ri$ daught] ( ! deceas$ & h] *ildr51 etc41 n[ foll[1 sl[ly1 ! eld] bro!r z he turn$ ar\nd ! 8bridge-ladd]0 = a few times4 ,9 case !re is no son a m>ri$ or affianc$ daught] leads ! company4 ,dur+ ! p]iod t ?is 8bridge-ladd]0 is ?us made to revolve1 all ( ! p>ty jo9 9 l\d lam5tation & wail+4 ,_! outcry1 tak5 9 connection ) ! *ant+ ( ! prie/s & ! noise ( ! cymbals1 make a v confus$ hubbub & tumult ( voices & s\nds4 ,^!1 toge!r ) ! sight ( s _m lamps & c&les burn+ brightly 9 broad daylight1 produce a v s+ul> spectacle = ! =eign behold]1 :i*1 once se51 w n be quickly =gott54 ,! object ( ?is p]=mance ) ! bridge-ladd] is to light5 & assi/ ! deceas$ on 8 way4 ,x is call$ 8bridge-ladd]0 because x is fanci$ to resemble a bridge & a ladd]4 ,! bridge w\ld aid ! dead to pass riv]s1 & ! ladd] w\ld help him to climb /eep places1 %\ld he meet su* imp$im5ts 9 8 j\rney4 ,) ?is extreme rev]5ce = ! dead1 ( c\rse1 !re c be no "q b t ! ,*9ese hold mo/ det]m9$ly to ! belief 9 a future life4 ,9 reality1 ! :ole "* ( ,buddhism 9 ,*9a is %ap$ by ?is4 ,buddhism has no di/9ct tea*+ ( an immortal life2 & :5 x 0 br\ght to ,*9a1 x ga9$ no acceptance until ! blank1 despair+ t5ets ( ! ,nirvana 0 *ang$ into a bright1 *e]ful ,p>adise ( ! ,bless$ ,dead4 ,exam9ation w %[ t ! ,buddhism ( ,*9a & ! ,buddhism ( ,india v little resemble "o ano!r1 &1 if we mi/ake n1 ! diff]5ce grew out ( ! belief 9 a future life1 :i* is a prime tea*+ 9 ! ,*9ese fai?4 ,! wor%ip ( ance/ors ent]s into all ! home life1 mann]s & cu/oms ( ! entire ,*9ese p4 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,ance/ors ,,at ,a ,,w$d+4 ,! tablets ( ! family are arrang$ on a table /&+ 9 ! back "p ( ! reception-room1 or 9 a %r9e plac$ on ! table4 ,inc5se & c&les1 arrang$1 accord+ to cu/om1 ne> ! tablets1 hav+ be5 light$1 ! bridegroom & 8 bride kneel d[n ?ree or f\r times be=e ! tablets1 ! wife be+ on ! "r-h& side ( h] husb&4 ,:ile on _! knees1 at ea* kneel+1 !y b[ _! heads d[n t[>d ! gr\nd once4 ,on ris+ to _! feet !y *ange places1 & !n kneel d[n ?ree or f\r times aga91 & b[ _! heads z be=e 9 front ( & t[>d ! tablets4 ,!y n[ arise1 & two *airs are plac$ be=e ! table :i* conta9s ! inc5se1 c&les & tablets4 ,if ! pat]nal gr&p>5ts ( ! groom are liv+ & pres5t1 !y take _! seats 9 ! *airs1 ! gr&mo!r be+ on ! "r h& ( ! gr&fa!r1 ) _! faces turn$ away f ! table or t[>d ! front "p ( ! room4 ,9 case ei!r has deceas$1 ! tablet :i* repres5ts t p]son is plac$ 9 ! *air :i* he or %e w\ld h occupi$ if liv+4 ,! bridegroom & bride advance1 & kneel d[n ?ree or f\r times be=e !m1 b[+ _! heads t[>d ! gr\nd z 9 wor%ip+ ! tablets4 ,!y !n arise1 &1 hav+ *ang$ positions1 kneel d[n & b[ aga9 ?ree or f\r times4 ,! p>5ts ( ! groom !n take _! seats 9 ! *airs1 & ! c]emony ( kneel+ & b[+ is repeat$1 9 l mann]1 ! cu/om>y numb] ( times4 ,:ile ! bride is on h] knees1 h] new "m usually arranges "s co/ly ornam5ts 9 h] hair1 z gold or pe>ls1 or gives h] "s valuable f+]-r+s1 if able to af=d ! exp5se ( su*2 or1 if poor1 %e pres5ts h] ) su* head ornam5ts z %e c af=d4 ,! wom5 :o assi/ ! bride 9 p]=m+ ^! c]emonies improve ! opportunity to (f] tea to h] p>5ts at ?is p]iod1 & are rew>d$ = _! att5tions ) a pres5t ( money on ! spot4 ,9 case ei!r p>5t is dead1 ! ance/ral tablet = t p]son is plac$ 9 ! *air1 z 9 ! suppos$ case ( "o ( ! gr&p>5ts hav+ deceas$4 ,! pat]nal & mat]nal uncles & aunts ( ! groom1 if pres5t1 9 ! ord] ( _! s5iority1 n[ take _! turns ( be+ wor%ip$ by ! c\ple4 ,(t5times1 ^! relatives w n sit1 b cont5t !mselves to /& dur+ ! wor%ip r5d]$ !m4 ,/&+1 on ^! occasions & dur+ ! reception ( ^! honors1 is reg>d$ z a m>k ( humility4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,m>riage ,,procession4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,ance/ors ,,at ,a ,,w$d+4 ,,"m1 ,,goddess ,,( ,,*ildr54 ,m>ri$ b *ildless wom5 twice a ye> g to ! temple ( ,"m1 tak+ inc5se & c&les to burn be=e h] image4 ,!y come to ! temple to get a %oe :i* is to repres5t ! goddess 9 _! homes4 ,!y decl>e t if ! goddess w give !m a male *ild1 !y w r5d] ?anksgiv+ to h]4 ,!y d n *]i% ! slighte/ desire to h a female *ild4 ,! ,*9ese classics say3 8,:5 a son is born1 ,he sleeps on a b$2 ,he is clo!d 9 robes2 ,he plays ) gems2 ,8 cry is pr9cely l\d6 ,b :5 a daught] is born1 ,%e sleeps on ! gr\nd2 ,%e is clo!d ) a wrapp]2 ,%e plays ) a tile2 ,%e is incapable ei!r ( evil or good2 ,x is h]s only to ?9k ( prep>+ w9e & food1 ,& n giv+ any occasion ( grief to h] p>5ts60 ,?is is an accurate expression ( ! ,*9ese pref]5ce = a male *ild4 ,inde$1 a v great _m ( ! ,*9ese mo!rs & fa!rs dr[n _! girl babies :5 !y are b a few h\rs old1 r ?an keep !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,baby ,,9 ,,its ,,cradle4 ,:5ev] a *ild is born1 ! "m takes to "s temple two %oes1 j l ! "o %e has be5 wor%ip+ z ! repres5tative ( 8,"m0 at home4 ,j be=e a *ild is born ! husb& & wife (f] gifts z a propitiation to two female demons :i* are suppos$ to seek to de/roy ! "m at ! bir? ( h] *ild4 ,a prie/ is call$ 9 to recite classics appropriate to ! occasion4 ,sometimes sev]al live crabs are turn$ out into ! /reets to take ! evil spirits ) !m1 & o!r curi\s devices are employ$4 ,,tea*+ ,a ,,*ild ,,to ,,wor%ip ,,idols4 ,f *ildhood1 ! ,*9ese are accu/om$ to wor%ip idols & ance/ors4 ,family p>ties may (t5 be se5 9 ! temples2 gr&mo!rs & mo!rs tea*+ ! little ones to b[ d[n to idols4 ,"h is a description giv5 by an eye-witness4 ,he 0 introduc$ into an idol temple1 & /ood 9 ! back "p ( ! great hall1 :]e ! *ief idols are plac$1 & f !nce he c\ld wat* :at w5t =w>d4 ,soon a well-dress$ lady came 9 ) h] ?ree *ildr51 ( ab\t sev51 five & ?ree ye>s ( age4 ,! two eld] boys ran =w>d1 & b[$ d[n be=e ! idol 9 ! usual way1 & !n call$ _! little bro!r to come =w>d also & d z !y _h done4 ,b ?is 0 evid5tly 8 fir/ visit to ! temple2 = ! little fell[ 0 v mu* fright5$ at ! sight ( ! idol4 ,! "m !n dragg$ ! *ild into position1 & /&+ beh9d & hold+ him fa/ by bo? arms1 =c$ him to b[ slightly ?ree times1 & !n adroitly slipp$ out ( h] sleeve "s toys & sweets1 :i* %e gave ! *ild1 say+ t ! god _h giv5 him ^! nice ?+s because he 0 a good boy2 & %e told him to ?ank ! idol1 :i* he did ) great he>t9ess4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tea*+ ,a ,,*ild ,,to ,,wor%ip4 ,:5 ! *ild gr[s up1 & is able to see ?r\gh su* tricks1 ! prie/ has tak5 ! "m's place1 &1 by c>efully-conceal$ deceits1 manages to delude him into believ+ j :at x may be ?\ght be/ to tea* him4 ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,! ,,kit*54 ,illu/ration3 ,,(f]+ ,,sacrifice ,,to ,,! ,,kit*5-,,god4 ,!re is ano!r important object ( ,*9ese wor%ip1 ^: place ( abode is 9 ! kit*54 ,8 "n is ,tszm92 =eign]s call him 8god ( ! kit*540 ,inc5se & c&les are burn$ be=e ! kit*5-god on ! fir/ & fifte5? days ( ea* mon?4 ,to repres5t ?is god1 ! poor] p use simply a piece ( r$ pap]1 ) ! god's "n writt5 on x4 ,g5]ally1 a %eet ( :ite pap] is us$1 on :i* ! lik5ess ( an old man & woman has be5 /amp$1 toge!r ) pictures ( f[ls1 dogs1 buffaloes1 etc41 & tables4 ,?is pap] is pa/$ to a bo>d & susp5d$ 9 ! kit*54 ,! ,*9ese say t !re are two objects ( wor%ip 9 e h\se1 & ^! are ! ance/ral tablet & ! kit*5-god4 ,?is god is suppos$ to h *>ge ( ! family2 & 8 duty is to keep a /rict wat* ov] all ! memb]s ( x4 ,?is he mu/ d1 because1 at ! end ( ea* ye>1 he has to make a report ( ! ye>'s conduct to ! great god ,yuh-,hwang1 ! 8,pe>ly ,emp]or1 ,supreme ,rul]10 :o rules 9 ,heav5 ov] all ! less] gods4 ,five days be=e ! ,*9ese ,new ,ye>1 ?is kit*5-god is suppos$ to leave e h\se & asc5d to ,heav51 to make 8 ye>ly report4 ,on ! day be=e 8 suppos$ dep>ture1 fea/s are (f]$ to him1 & m ?an usual honors paid him1 9 ! hope t he may be brib$ to give a good acc\nt4 ,at ! exact "t ( 8 dep>ture1 fire-crack]s are let (f1 inc5se burn$1 & wor%ip (f]$1 9 ord] t he may />t on 8 long j\rney 9 a good temp]1 & ) z mu* dignity z possible4 ,8 return is expect$1 & he is receiv$ ) ! same m>ks ( respect :i* att5d 8 go+ away4 ,e %op-keep]1 bank] & m]*ant has a piece ( r$ pap]1 on :i* ! words 8god ( weal?0 are writt51 pa/$ on 8 wall4 ,seldom d !y make an image ( ?is god4 ,inc5se & c&les are burn$1 & pray]s are (f]$ daily4 ,(t51 aft] ! fe/ivals ( ?is god1 mock-money & mock-clo?+ are burn$ = ! b5efit ( ! spirits ( begg>s 9 purgatory4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,ma-,,*u1 ,,goddess ,,( ,,! ,,sailors4 ,%e 0 ! daught] ( a man :o1 ) 8 sons1 0 engag$ on ! ocean 9 ! pursuit ( a liv+4 ,he 0 born dur+ ! ,sung dyna/y1 & liv$ 9 ! ,h+ ,hua prefecture ( ! prov9ce ( ,fuh-ki54 ,"o day1 :ile %e 0 engag$ 9 ! employm5t ( weav+ 9 h] "m's h\se %e fell asleep ?r\gh excessive we>9ess1 h] head re/+ ^u h] loom4 ,%e dream$ t %e saw h] fa!r & two bro!rs on _! sep>ate junks 9 a t]rific /orm4 ,%e ex]t$ h]self to rescue !m f dang]4 ,%e imm$iately seiz$ ^u ! junk :i* conta9$ h] fa!r1 ) h] m\?1 :ile ) h] h&s %e caught a firm hold ^u ! two junks :i* conta9$ h] two bro!rs4 ,%e 0 dragg+ !m all t[>d ! %ore :51 alas6 %e he>d ! voice ( h] "m call+ to h]1 &1 z %e 0 an ob$i5t girl1 =gett+ t %e held h] fa!r's junk 9 h] m\?1 %e ha/ily op5$ x to answ] h] "m4 ,%e awoke 9 great di/ress &1 lo6 x 0 a dream1 b n all a dream1 = 9 a few days ! news arriv$ t ! fleet ( junks _h enc\nt]$ a dreadful /orm1 & t ! "o 9 :i* h] fa!r 0 _h be5 wreck$1 & he _h p]i%$1 :ile ^? 9 :i* h] bro!rs 7 _h be5 signally rescu$4 ,! girl knew t %e _h be5 ! means ( ! salvation ( h] bro!rs1 & t op5+ h] m\? to answ] h] "m's call 0 ! occasion ( h] failure to rescue h] fa!r's vessel4 ,?is girl became1 z ! result ( h] dream1 "o ( ! mo/ popul> objects ( wor%ip 9 ! empire4 ,! emp]ors ( ,*9a h1 at diff]5t times s9ce h] dea?1 conf]r$ v>i\s high-s\nd+ titles ^u h]1 "s ( :i* seem blasphem\s4 ,%e is call$ 8,que5 ( ,heav50 & 8,! ,holy ,"m 9 ! heav5s above40 ,"o is (t5 rem9d$ by ! titles giv5 h] & ! wor%ip & honors paid h]1 ( ! titles :i* are giv5 to ! "m ( ,jesus by ! au?ority ( ! ,pope ( ,rome4 ,sailors (t5 take ) !m "s emb]s or a%es :i* !y obta9 f ! c5s] be=e "s popul> image ( ! goddess4 ,^! a%es !y c>ry ab\t _! p]son 9 a small r$ bag1 or !y susp5d !m ab\t ! junk 9 conv5i5t places1 or !y put !m 9 ! c5s] be=e ! image ( t :i* !y wor%ip4 ,:5 !re is a viol5t /orm1 & !re seems b little hope t ! junk w outride x1 ! sailors all kneel d[n ne> ! b[ ) inc5se 9 _! h&s1 & call out 9 doleful & bitt] tones ^u ,ma-,*u to s5d deliv]ance4 ,9 case !y rea* ! port )\t %ipwreck1 !y are b\nd to (f] h] an especial ?anksgiv+ ( food1 ) or )\t !atrical plays 9 h] honor1 accord+ to _! v[4 ,?us we h se5 t ! ,*9ese1 ?\gh /&+ high above o!r ,asiatic nations 9 po9t ( civilization1 are yet z idolatr\s z any4 ,buddhism & ,taoism h some:at less5$ ! hold ( ,confucius ^u ! great ,*9ese nation2 & ,*ri/ianity & we/]n civilization h done mu* t[>d introduc+ a new ord] ( ?+s 9 ,*9a4 ,,! ,,god ,,( ,,gambl+ ,,outwitt$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,god ,,( ,,gambl+4 ,a lady liv+ 9 ,*9a n>rates ! foll[+ ,*9ese my?3 ,a gambl] once w5t to a temple1 to secure ! help ( a c]ta9 god !re94 ,8 luck _h be5 bad1 & he 0 unable to br+ any oblation besides inc5se & pap] money2 b he promis$ t1 if ! god w\ld help him to w9 a c]ta9 sum1 he w\ld !n br+ a ?ank-(f]+ hav+ t5 feet4 ,! god reckon$ ! sorts ( tribute usually paid to him2 &1 z ! feet ( a pig1 a kid & a duck w\ld toge!r make t51 he suppos$ t ^! 7 ! animals t w\ld be laid ^u 8 alt>1 %\ld ! gambl] succe$4 ,s he favor$ ! gambl]1 & caus$ him to ga9 ev5 m ?an ! /ipulat$ sum4 ,! gambl] fulfill$ ! lett] ( 8 promise by lay+ a s+le crab on ! alt>4 ,! god 0 v angry at be+ ?us dup$1 & !nce=? ex]t$ s unpropiti\s an influ5ce 9 ! gambl]'s affairs t he w5t & asc]ta9$ ?r\gh a _s m$ium ! cause ( 8 mis=tunes4 ,aga9 he came ) fair words1 promis+ t1 if ! god w\ld once m grant 8 aid1 he %\ld h a :ole pig z comp5sation4 ,! god 0 mollifi$1 & aga9 favor$ ! gambl]1 s t 8 w9n+s 7 l>ge4 ,he br\ght ! pig z a ?ank-(f]+4 ,x 0 a f9e1 /rong "o2 b x 0 alive1 & n 9 a condition 9 :i* x w\ld be edible = ei!r gods or m54 ,:ile ! god look$ 9 a/oni%m5t at ?is dep>ture f ! e/abli%$ cu/oms 9 ! paym5t ( a v[1 ! gambl] fa/5$ ! pig by a /rong rope to ! leg ( ! ?rone on :i* ! god sat1 & began to light ! fire-crack]s1 by :i* an (f]+ is ann\nc$4 ,! explosion ( ! fire-crack]s fright5$ ! pig1 s t x ran away dragg+ bo? god & ?rone aft] x1 till bo? 7 upset & brok54 ,?us ! a/ute gambl] outwitt$ ! hone/ god4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvi4 ,,buddha1 ,,! 8,,light ,,( ,,asia40 ,! ,savi\r ( ! ,_w1 ,"l ,buddha--,pr9ce ,sidd>?a /yl$ on e>?-- ,9 ,e>? & ,heav5s & ,hells ,incomp>able1 ,all-honor$1 ,wise/1 ,be/1 mo/ ,pitiful2 ,! ,tea*] ( ,nirvana & ! ,law4 ,,edw9 ,,arnold4 ,je n'hsite pas aj\t] que1 sauf le ,*ri/ t\t seul1 il n'e/ po9t1 p>mi les fondateurs de religion1 de figure plus pure ni plus t\*ante que celle du ,b\ddha4--,,b>?,,lemy ,,sa9t-,,hilaire4 ,we n[ come to ! /udy ( ! la/ ( ! sy/ems ( idol wor%ip1 ,buddhism4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ ( all4 ,x /&s at once ne>e/ to & f>!/ f ,*ri/ianity4 ,9 its ext5t1 x is ! greate/ religion ( ! _w4 ,x includes f\r-t5?s 7ne>ly "o-half7 ( all ! _w's population4 ,! foll[+ figures indicate ! comp>ative /r5g? ( ! diff]5t exi/+ religions3 ,p>sees1 #aej1jjj4 ,jews1 #g1jjj1jjj 7be+ ab\t p] ct4 ( total74 ,greek ,*ur*1 #ge1jjj1jjj #f ,roman ,ca?olics1 #aeb1jjj1jjj #ab ,o!r ,*ri/ians1 #ajj1jjj1jjj #h ,h9dus1 #afa1bjj1jjj #ac ,mohamm$ans1 #aee1jjj1jjj #ab ,buddhi/s1 #ejj1jjj1jjj #dj ,n includ$ 9 ! above1 ,feti*i/s1 etc41 #ajj1jjj1jjj #h ------------- --- ,total1 #a1bej1cej1jjj #ajj ,illu/ration3 ,briton ,rivi]e ,,ara1 ,pa9t]4 ,illman ,bro!rs1 ,engrav]s ,pr9t]s4 ,,! ,,fulfillm5t ,,( ,,prophecy4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,bronze ,,idol ,,( ,,buddha1 ,,at ,,kamakura1 ,,japan4 ,sixty-five feet high1 ?irty feet across ! %\ld]s1 six hundr$ ye>s old2 cov]$ ) bronze plates1 its int]ior =m+ a temple4 ,f an orig9al photograph4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$1 h[ev]1 t v few ( ! #ejj1jjj1jjj ( ,buddhi/s are ,buddhi/s only4 ,_m ( ! ,*9ese ,buddhi/s are ,confuciani/s & ,taoi/s z well4 ,_m ( ! ,ceylonese 7or r ,s+halese7 ,buddhi/s are devil-wor%ip]s & />-wor%ip]s z well4 ,s1 also1 "o (t5 sees 9 ! ,buddhi/ temples ( ,japan ! ,%9to symbols4 ,inde$1 ! rapid & wide gr[? ( ,buddhism is due to ! read9ess ) :i* x tol]ates o!r religions4 ,to write ! hi/ory ( ,buddhism is to write ! hi/ory ( ! hopes1 & aspirations1 & mo/ sacr$ feel+s ( ne>ly "o-half ! human race ( mod]n times4 ,buddhism has be5 receiv$ by bo? v savage & v civiliz$ peoples--! wild ,nomad hordes ( ! cold nor!rn l&s ( ,t>t>y1 ,?ibet & ,nepal2 ! cultur$ ,*9ese & ,japanese1 & ! quiet ,siamese1 ,burmese & ,ceylonese4 ,a religion ( su* wide acceptance by nations & individuals ( su* diff]5t *>act]s & circum/ances1 & :i* has controll$ ! de/9ies ( ?\s&s ( millions ( s\ls dur+ ne>ly tw5ty-?ree hundr$ ye>s1 & :i* comes ne>e/ to ,*ri/ianity 9 ! purity ( its morals & ! b5efits x proposes to conf] ^u ! human race1 is c]ta9ly wor?y ( v c>eful att5tion4 ,9 /udy+ x we mu/ c>efully avoid ei!r a :olesale condemnation or an unqualifi$ approval2 we mu/ recognize t !re are bo? good & evil 9 x4 ,x is to be rememb]$1 also1 t we c only look ^u ,buddha's tea*+s aft] ! lapse ( ages1 & f ?is long di/ance ! view is likely to be any?+ else ?an cle>4 ,)\t a d\bt ! doctr9es ( ,buddha h be5 s p]v]t$1 t he w\ld sc>cely recognize ! religion t be>s 8 "n to-day4 ,!n1 too1 be+ an ,ori5tal religion1 we ,we/]n p _c /udy x "u z favorable circum/ances z ! ,ea/]n p4 ,ori5tal religions c be se5 be/ by ,ori5tal eyes4 ,buddhism is a re=m ^u ,brahm9ism4 ,x is ( ,h9du orig91 & :ile x has b little sway 9 ! l& ( its bir?1 x reta9s ! ,h9du ca/ 9 all its w&]+s into o!r l&s & its obs]vances among o!r peoples4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,gautama1 ,,! ,,f\nd] ,,( ,,buddhism4 ,9 giv+ ^! leg5ds ( ! life ( ,gautama1 x %\ld be /at$ t !y are d]iv$ f ! writ+s ( ,buddhi/s :o liv$ long aft] ,gautama 0 dead4 ,!y are to be receiv$1 ( c\rse1 ) t degree ( cr$ulity :i* w\ld att5d ! leg5ds ( devot$ disciples ( any su* tea*]4 ,^? :o h /udi$ ,buddhism 9 its native l& h collect$ ^! leg5ds ) great c>e1 among :om "o ( ! mo/ c>eful au?ors is ,rev4 ,sp5ce ,h>dy1 :o has collect$ & comm5t$ on !m ) great c&or4 ,at ! end ( ! six? c5tury be=e ,*ri/1 a wise & good k+ reign$ 9 ! capital city ( 8 c\ntry1 ,kapila-va/u1 ab\t "o hundr$ miles nor?-ea/ f ! great city ( ,b5>es1 9 ,india4 ,ar\nd ?is city ! sn[-cr[n$1 giant peaks ( ! ,himalayas t[]$ up 9 ! cle> blue ( ! ,indian sky4 ,! city 0 on ! banks ( an insignificant riv]1 ! ,roh9i4 ,! p liv$ f ! produce ( _! cattle & _! rice-fields2 !y adh]$ to ! ,h9du religion4 ,! wife ( ,k+ ,suddhodana 0 nam$ ,maya1 because ( h] wondr\s beauty4 ,%e 0 *ildless until h] =ty-fif? ye>4 ,little ,pr9ce ,sidd>?a 0 born "u ! %ade ( a sat9-tree1 9 ! ye> #eeb ,b4,c4 ,9 lat] ye>s he 0 call$ ! 8,buddha40 ,at ?is "t1 9 addition to ! "n ,sidd>?a1 he receiv$ ! "n ( ,sakya-muni f 8 family1 & t ( ,gautama f 8 clan4 ,j z 9 ! case ( o!r fam\s m51 _m m>vel\s /ories are told conc]n+ 8 miracul\s bir?1 & ! precoci\s wisdom & p[] ( ! infant pr9ce4 ,at 8 bir?1 ! leg5ds say1 t5 ?\s& worlds 7 fill$ ) light1 ! bl9d receiv$ _! sight1 ! deaf he>d1 ! lame walk$1 ! imprison$ 7 set free1 ! trees bur/ =? 9 blossom1 ! air 0 fill$ ) sweet songs ( birds1 & ev5 ! fires ( hell 7 = ! "t be+ ext+ui%$4 ,on ! fif? day aft] 8 bir?1 at ! 8"n-*oos+ fe/ival10 #ajh ,brahm9 prie/s met to select ! mo/ fitt+ "n4 ,"o ( !m1 ! mo/ le>n$ 9 div9ation1 pr$ict$ t he w be a 8,buddha10 :o w remove ! veils ( s9 & ignorance f ! _w4 ,gautama is ! "n by :i* he is mo/ commonly kn[n among ! s\!rn ,buddhi/s4 ,buddha1 or1 m prop]ly1 ! ,buddha1 means ! ,enlight5$ ,"o1 & is an (ficial title1 j z we say ,jesus1 ! ,*ri/1 or ! ,ano9t$ ,"o4 ,dur+ 8 y\? ,gautama is not$ = 8 pr[ess1 & = tea*+ ev5 8 ma/]s 9 ! arts & sci5ces4 ,he has1 s ! leg5ds g on to say1 mo/ magnific5t equipages & _m s]vants4 ,he is e>ly m>ri$ to 8 c\s94 ,he devotes himself to /udy & m$itation1 & 8 relatives *>ge him ) neglect+ to tra9 himself 9 manly ex]cises4 ,gautama1 be+ told ( _! murmur+s1 appo9ts a day by beat ( drum to prove 8 skill aga9/ all com]s4 ,at ! trial he surpasses ! clev]e/ b[m51 & exhibits wond]ful /r5g? & skill 9 8 feats ( horseman%ip4 ,9 8 tw5ty-n9? ye>1 ,gautama ab&ons 8 home to devote himself entirely to ! /udy ( religion & philosophy4 ,he _h be5 accu/om$ to say1 8,no?+ is /able on e>?1 no?+ is real4 ,life is l ! sp>k produc$ by ! friction ( wood4 ,x is light$1 & x is ext+ui%$2 we "k n :5ce x came & :i!r x goes4 ,x is l ! s\nd ( a lyre1 & ! wise man asks 9 va9 f :5ce x came & :i!r x goes4 ,!re mu/ be "s supreme intellig5ce :]e we c\ld f9d re/4 ,if ,i atta9$ to x1 ,i c\ld br+ light to man2 if ,i 7 free myself1 ,i c\ld deliv] ! _w40 ,) ?is hope1 & be+ mov$ !reto by f\r incid5ts1 he gave himself1 z we h j said1 to seek+ ! light ( ! _w4 ,^! 7 b ord9>y ev5ts1 & yet !y _h a great effect ^u ,gautama4 ,,gautama',s ,,f\r ,,visions4 ,"o day :5 ! pr9ce1 ) a l>ge ret9ue1 0 driv+ ?r\gh ! ea/]n gate ( ! city on ! way to "o ( 8 p>ks1 he met on ! road an old man1 brok5 & decrepit4 ,"o c\ld see ! ve9s & muscles ov] ! :ole ( 8 body2 8 tee? *att]$1 he 0 cov]$ ) wr9kles1 bald & h>dly able to utt] holl[ & unmelodi\s s\nds4 ,he b5t on 8 /ick1 & all 8 limbs & jo9ts trembl$4 8,:o is t man80 said ! pr9ce to 8 coa*man4 8,he is small & weak1 8 fle% & 8 blood are dri$ up1 8 muscles /ick to 8 sk91 8 head is :ite1 8 tee? *att]1 8 body is wa/$ away2 lean+ on 8 /ick he is h>dly able to walk1 /umbl+ at e /ep4 ,is !re some?+ peculi> 9 8 family1 or is ?is ! common lot ( all creat$ be+s80 8,sir10 repli$ ! coa*man1 8t man is s9k+ "u old age2 8 s5ses h become obtuse1 suff]+ has de/roy$ 8 /r5g?1 & he is despis$ by 8 relations4 ,he is )\t support & useless1 & p h ab&on$ him1 l a dead tree 9 a =e/4 ,b ?is is n peculi> to 8 family4 ,9 e creature y\? is defeat$ by old age4 ,y\r fa!r1 y\r "m1 all y\r relations1 all y\r fri5ds1 w come to ! same /ate2 ?is is ! appo9t$ end ( all creatures40 8,alas60 repli$ ! pr9ce1 8are creatures s ignorant1 s weak & fooli%1 z to be pr\d ( ! y\? by :i* !y are intoxicat$1 n see+ ! old age :i* awaits !m6 ,z = me1 ,i g away4 ,coa*man1 turn my *>iot quickly4 ,:at h ,i1 ! future prey ( old age--:at h ,i to d ) pleasure80 ,& ! "y pr9ce return$ to ! city )\t go+ to 8 p>k4 ,ano!r "t ! pr9ce 0 driv+ ?r\gh ! s\!rn gate to 8 pleasure-g>d51 :5 he p]ceiv$ on ! road a man suff]+ f illness1 p>*$ ) fev]1 8 body wa/$1 cov]$ ) mud1 )\t a fri5d1 )\t a home1 h>dly able to brea!1 & fright5$ at ! sight ( himself & ! approa* ( dea?4 ,hav+ que/ion$ 8 coa*man1 & receiv$ f him ! answ] :i* he expect$1 ! "y pr9ce said3 8,alas6 heal? is b ! sport ( a dream1 & ! fe> ( suff]+ mu/ take ?is frightful =m4 ,:]e is ! wise man :o1 aft] hav+ se5 :at he is1 c\ld any long] ?9k ( joy & pleasure80 ,! pr9ce turn$ 8 *>iot & return$ to ! city4 ,a ?ird "t he 0 driv+ to 8 pleasure-g>d5 ?r\gh ! we/]n gate1 :5 he saw a dead body on ! road1 ly+ on a bi]1 & cov]$ ) a clo?4 ,! fri5ds /ood ab\t1 cry+1 sobb+1 te>+ _! hair cov]+ _! heads ) du/1 /rik+ _! brea/s & utt]+ wild cries4 ,! pr9ce1 aga9 call+ 8 coa*man to witness ?is pa9ful sc5e1 exclaim$3 8,o woe to y\?1 :i* mu/ be de/roy$ by old age6 ,woe to heal?1 :i* mu/ be de/roy$ by s _m diseases6 ,woe to ?is life1 :]e a man rema9s s %ort a "t6 ,if !re 7 no old age1 no disease1 no dea?2 if ^! c\ld be made captive =ev]60 ,!n betray+ = ! fir/ "t 8 int5tions1 ! "y pr9ce said3 8,let u turn back1 ,i mu/ ?9k h[ to accompli% deliv]ance40 ,a la/ meet+ put an end to 8 hesitation4 ,he 0 driv+ ?r\gh ! nor!rn gate1 on ! way to 8 pleasure-g>d5s1 :5 he saw a m5dicant1 :o appe>$ outw>dly calm1 subdu$1 look+ d[nw>ds1 we>+ ) an air ( dignity 8 religi\s ve/m5t1 & c>ry+ an alms-b[l4 8,:o is ?is man80 ask$ ! pr9ce4 8,sir10 repli$ ! coa*man1 8?is man is "o ( ^? :o are call$ bhik%us1 or m5dicants4 ,he has r5\nc$ all pleasures1 all desires1 & leads a life ( au/]ity4 ,he tries to conqu] himself4 ,he has become a devotee4 ,)\t passion1 )\t envy1 he walks ab\t ask+ = alms40 8,?is is good & well said10 repli$ ! pr9ce2 8! life ( a devotee has always be5 prais$ by ! wise4 ,x w be my refuge1 & ! refuge ( o!r creatures2 x w lead u to a real life1 to happ9ess & immortality40 ,) ^! words1 ! "y pr9ce turn$ 8 *>iot & ab&on+ 8 propos$ ride return$ to ! city4 ,,! ,,great ,,r5unciation4 ,we n[ come to a mo/ t\*+ incid5t 9 ,gautama's life4 ,mov$ by ! visions ( :i* we h j spok51 ,gautama det]m9es to seek ! solitude ( ! h]mit's hut4 ,8 life _h be5 full ( int5se ye>n+ :i* _h nev] be5 satisfi$4 ,n all ! com=t & prosp]ity ab\t him c\ld drive away 8 desire to obta9 peace4 ,to him1 life 0 a great enigma1 & he det]m9$ to solve x4 ,he 0 n dissatisfi$1 b1 r1 unsatisfi$4 ,8 det]m9ation to retire f active life 01 h[ev]1 by no means easy4 ,= 8 wife & 8 only son1 ,rahula1 he felt ! w>me/ affection4 ,x 0 to be a difficult task to break ^! ties4 ,at midnight1 he summon$ 8 *>iote]1 ,*anna1 to br+ 8 horse to ! palace gate4 ,:ile ,*anna 0 gone to ! /able1 ,gautama turn$ back to take a la/ look at 8 wife & *ild4 ,! pr9cess lay asleep ^u h] c\*1 surr\nd$ ) fl[]s1 & h] h& 0 embrac+ h] little "o4 ,gautama saw t he c\ld n take ! *ild up 9 8 arms )\t di/urb+ ! "m1 & he 0 afraid t %e might succe$ 9 %ak+ 8 resolution1 did %e plead ) him4 8,s ) 8 br[ he t\*$ h] feet1 & b5t ,! f>ewell ( fond eyes1 unutt]able ,^u h] sleep+ face1 /ill wet ) te>s2 ,& ?rice ar\nd ! b$ 9 rev]5ce1 ,z ?\gh x 7 an alt>1 s(tly /epp$ ,) clasp$ h&s laid ^u 8 beat+ he>t1 #8,= nev]1' spake he1 #8lie ,i !re aga96' ,& ?rice he made to g1 b ?rice came back1 ,s /rong h] beauty 01 s l>ge 8 love3 ,!n1 o'er 8 head draw+ 8 clo?1 he turn$1 ,& rais$ ! purdah's edge3 99 99 99 99 99 8,!n1 lightly tread+ :]e ^? sleep]s lay1 ,into ! night ,sidd>?a pass$3 its eyes1 ,! wat*ful />s1 look$ love on him2 its brea?1 ,! w&]+ w9d1 kiss$ 8 robe's flutt]$ fr+e2 ,! g>d5-blossoms1 fold$ = ! dawn1 ,op5$ _! velvet he>ts to waft him sc5ts1 ,f p9k & purple c5s]s2 o'er ! l&1 ,f ,himalaya unto ! ,indian ,sea1 ,a tremor spread1 z if e>?'s s\l b5ea? ,/irr$ ) an unkn[n hope2 & holy books-- ,:i* tell ! /ory ( our ,"l--say1 too1 ,t ri* cele/ial music ?rill$ ! air ,f ho/s on ho/s ( %9+ ones1 :o ?rong$ ,ea/w>d & we/w>d1 mak+ bright ! night-- ,nor?w>d & s\?w>d1 mak+ glad ! gr\nd4 ,also ^? f\r dread ,reg5ts ( ! ,e>?1 ,desc5d+ at ! doorway1 two by two-- ,) _! bright legions ( ,invisibles ,9 arms ( sapphire1 silv]1 gold & pe>l-- ,wat*$ ) jo9$ h&s ! ,indian ,pr9ce1 :o /ood1 ,8 te>ful eyes rais$ to ! />s1 & lips ,close-set ) purpose ( prodigi\s love4 ,!n /rode he =? into ! gloom & cri$1 #8,*anna1 awake6 & br+ out ,kantaka6' 8#8,:at w\ld my "l8' ! *>iote] repli$-- ,sl[-ris+ f 8 place beside ! gate-- #8,to ride at night1 :5 all ! ways are d>k8' 8#8,speak l[1' ,sidd>?a said1 #8& br+ my horse1 ,= n[ ! h\r is come :5 ,i %\ld quit ,?is gold5 prison1 :]e my he>t lives cag$1 ,to f9d ! tru?2 :i* h5ce=? ,i w seek1 ,= all m5's sake1 until ! tru? be f\nd4'0 ,%ortly aft] he _h pass$ ?r\gh ! pond]\s gate ( ! city--:i*1 x 0 said1 took a ?\s& m5 to op5 x--he 0 met by ! evil god ,m>a4 ,m>a knew t if ,gautama proce$$1 8 p[] w\ld be less5$ & s he s\ght to turn him back4 ,he said to ,gautama3 8,be entreat$ to /ay1 t y may possess ! honors t are )9 y\r rea*2 g n6 g n60 ,to ?is ,gautama repli$3 8,a ?\s& or a hundr$ ?\s& honors su* z ^? to :i* y ref] w\ld h no p[] to *>m me to-day2 ,i seek ! ,buddha%ip2 !re=e1 begone1 h9d] me n40 ,m>a left him 9 great ang]1 det]m9$ to foil him4 ,,gautama ,,becomes ,,an ,,ascetic4 ,gautama !n ex*ang$ 8 clo!s ) a poor pass]-by1 cut (f 8 hair1 & s5t ,*anna1 ! *>iote] back & became a begg+1 homeless h]mit4 ,sev]al h]mits _h tak5 up _! abode 9 ! caves ( ! ,v9dhya m\nta9s2 "h !y 7 at once surr\nd$ by ! solitudes ( nature & suffici5tly ne> to a l>ge city to get _! supplies4 ,aft] com+ to ^! caves he atta*es himself to a ,brahm9 tea*]1 & "u 8 guidance seeks1 by und]go+ sev]e/ p5ances1 to ga9 sup]human p[]4 ,aft] a little1 he )draws by himself to ! jungles1 :]e he sp5ds six ye>s 9 fa/+ & self-mortification4 ,8 sev]ity ( self-control ga9s him great fame1 & disciples ga!r ab\t him4 ,a fe> t1 le/ aft] all 8 ef=ts %\ld be fruitless & t he %\ld die1 hav+ gone wrong1 made him f9ally give up ! attempt4 ,n[ came ! crisis ( 8 life4 ,! second /ruggle ( ,gautama 0 mo/ int5se4 ,he w&]$ back to a village to get 8 morn+ meal4 ,he sat d[n to eat x "u a tree1 kn[n f t day to ?is z ! 8,bo-tree10 or tree ( ,wisdom4 ,!re he rema9$ ?r\gh ! long h\rs ( t day1 debat+ ) himself :at next to d4 ,! philosophy he _h tru/$ 9 seem$ to be d\btful2 ! p5ance he _h practic$ s long _h br\ght no c]ta9ty1 no peace2 & all 8 old temptations came back ^u him ) r5ew$ =ce4 ,= ye>s he _h look$ at all e>?ly good z vanity1 wor?less & transitory4 ,nay1 m1 he _h ?\ght t x conta9$ )9 itself ! se$s ( evil1 & mu/ inevitably1 soon] or lat]1 br+ =? its bitt] fruit4 ,b n[ to 8 wav]+ fai? ! sweet delights ( home & love1 ! *>ms ( weal? & p[]1 began to %[ !mselves 9 a diff]5t light & to gl[ aga9 ) attractive colors4 ,!y 7 yet )9 8 rea*2 he knew he w\ld be welcom$ back1 & yet--w\ld !re ev5 !n be satisfaction8 ,7 all 8 labors to be lo/8 ,0 !re no sure gr\nd to /& on8 ,?us he agoniz$ 9 8 d\bt f ! e>ly morn+ until sunset4 ,b z ! day end$ ! religi\s side ( 8 nature _h won ! victory2 8 d\bt _h cle>$ away2 he _h become a ,buddha1 t is an ,enlight5$ ,"o2 he _h grasp$1 z x seem$ to him1 ! solution ( ! great my/]y ( sorr[1 & _h le>n$ at once its causes & its cure4 ,he seem$ to h ga9$ ! hav5 ( peace1 & 9 ! p[] ov] ! human he>t ( inw>d culture1 & ( love to o!rs1 to re/ at la/ on a c]titude t c\ld nev] be %ak54 ,he r5\nc$ 8 p5ances1 & f t "t decl>$ t no good result$ f !m4 ,x 0 a gr& !ory ( self-salvation t he _h wr\ght out = himself--salvation by self-control & love--)\t any rites1 c]emonies1 *>m+ prie/ly p[]s1 )\t ev5 ! aid ( ! gods1 man c\ld save himself4 ,l ! lat] great re=m]1 ,mohamm$1 ,gautama ! ,buddha1 _h ! mo/ p]fect confid5ce 9 himself1 8 convictions & 8 mission2 ?is mission 0 8to set roll+ ! royal *>iot-:eel ( a univ]sal empire ( tru? & righte\sness40 ,he w5t to ,b5>es1 & !re1 by tea*+1 s\ght to spread ! k ( 8 me?od ( rea*+ a p]fect inw>d peace4 ,9 ab\t ?ree mon?s he _h ga!r$ toge!r sixty disciples2 ^! he s5ds =? to prea* 8 fai?4 ,he himself 0 accu/om$ to travel1 prea* & tea*1 except dur+ ! f\r ra9y mon?s1 f ,june to ,octob]1 :5 he rema9$ 9 "o place1 in/ruct+ 8 decl>$ disciples4 ,once he visit$ 8 old home1 & 8 wife1 ,yasodh>a1 became "o ( 8 disciples2 %e 0 ! fir/ ( ! ,buddhi/ nuns4 ,gautama di$ at ! age ( eighty ye>s4 ,8 body 0 burn$ ) mu* pomp1 & 8 disciples cont5d$ = ! unburn$ bones4 ,!y 7 divid$ 9 eight p>ts1 & temple-m\nds1 call$ topes1 7 built ov] ea*4 ,,! 8,,light ,,( ,,asia0 ,,& ,,! 8,,light ,,( ,,! ,,_w40 ,"o _c help comp>+ ,gautama1 ! ,buddha1 & ,jesus1 ! ,*ri/4 ,!re is1 beyond "q1 a great deal ( bo? good & evil 9 ,buddha's life & tea*+4 ,x is wise = u to recognize bo? good & evil1 & to 8hold fa/ to t :i* is good40 ,we d n ?9k t x is plac+ ,buddha on too high a gr\nd :5 we say t he /&s ne>e/ to ,*ri/ ( all ! f\nd]s ( religions4 ,we mu/ n conf\nd ! tea*+s ( ,buddha ) ! sup]/iti\s notions ( 8 foll[]s ( to-day4 ,! pres5t ,buddhism ( ,asia is b little l ! ,buddhism ( ,gautama's tea*+4 ,fur!r1 we mu/ /rip (f ! leg5ds1 ! additions ( a lat] day1 & seek to read ! /ory ( 8 life t lies b5ea? !m4 ,9 addition to ?is1 we mu/ try to place ourselves 9 close/ sympa?y ) our subject4 ,illu/ration3 ,,idol ,,( ,,buddha4 ,,8 ,,idols ,,are ,,usually ,,( ,,?is ,,%ape1 ,,proportion ,,& ,,position1 ,,?\gh ,,inf9itely ,,v>i$ ,,9 ,,size ,,& ,,quality4 ,?us we see ! beauties ( ?is life4 ,look$ at 9 ?is way1 we discov] a great deal 9 ,buddha's "* to admire4 ,sa9t-,hilaire says 7we give a free translation f ! ,fr5*73 8,8 life has no /a94 ,8 con/ant h]oism equals 8 conviction2 & if ! !ory :i* he extols is faultless1 ! p]sonal example :i* he pres5ts is irreproa*able4 ,he is ! f9i%$ model ( all ! virtues :i* he prea*$2 8 tea*+ ( self-d5ial1 ( *>ity1 ( an un*angeable mildness1 d n = a s+le in/ant receive ! contradiction ( a diff]5t life4 ,he ab&ons1 at ! age ( tw5ty-n9e ye>s1 ! c\rt ( 8 royal fa!r to become a devotee & a m5dicant2 he prep>es sil5tly 8 doctr9es dur+ six ye>s ( m$itation & retreat2 he ext5ds 8 fai? only by ! p[] ( spee* & p]suasion1 dur+ half a c5tury2 & :5 he dies 9 ! arms ( 8 disciples1 x is ) ! s]5ity ( a sage :o has liv$ well1 & :o is assur$ t he has f\nd ! tru?40 ,x is n our purpose to comp>e "h ! tea*+s ( ,buddha & ,*ri/1 b simply ! life4 ,x is a comp>ison t we w\ld make1 & n a contra/4 ,buddha's self-d5ial = ! _w's good1 8 wondr\sly pure life1 & ! heav5l9ess ( 8 mann]s & ( "s ( 8 tea*+s greatly resemble ^? ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,yet1 aft] all1 he /&s a long way (f4 ,he is a light1 x is true1 yet b feebly %9+ beside ! light ( ! ,sun ( ,righte\sness4 ,to ,*ri/1 ,gautama is b 8,z moonlight is to sunlight1 & z wat] is to w9e40 ,! ,buddha 0 ! son ( a k+2 ,jesus1 ! ,*ri/1 0 ! son ( a c>p5t]4 ,! ,buddha grew up 9 ! mid/ ( ! spl5dors ( a c\rt2 ,jesus1 ! ,*ri/1 0 re>$ 9 a despis$ city1 9 an humble home4 ,yet ! aspect ( ! ,buddha is t ( a disciple1 a le>n]1 an inquir]2 t ( ! ,*ri/ is t ( a ma/]1 a tea*]4 ,! ,buddha seems r to be a subject1 & ! ,*ri/ ! k+4 ,! ,buddha approa*es ! solution ( ! great problems ( s91 suff]+ & dea? f bel[4 ,he walks z "o 9 a maze1 ) unc]ta9 /eps2 he tries exp]im5ts2 he goes f "o tea*] to ano!r4 ,f9ally1 ( a sudd51 comes ! answ] to ! problems ) :i* he has be5 puzzl$2 he ?r[s ! spectre ) :i* he has be5 grappl+4 ,! ,*ri/ approa*es ! great & grave que/ions1 t h be5 puzzl+ ! _w1 z "o :o has ! answ]s 9 8 possession4 ,he comes to tea*1 & n to le>n2 to settle1 & n to di/urb4 ,!re is no hesitat+ unc]ta9ty ab\t ,8 words or /eps z !re is ab\t ! ,buddha's4 ,9 meet+ temptation1 ! ,buddha %[s weakness1 :]e ! ,*ri/ %[s /r5g?4 ,! ,buddha's life 0 long2 ! ,*ri/'s 0 %ort4 ,! ,buddha gave1 und\bt$ly1 _m :olesome precepts2 b !re is an elem5t ( k9dly1 self-=gett+ love ab\t ! ,*ri/'s tea*+s t is abs5t f ! ,buddha's4 ,inde$1 ?is is ! emphatic po9t ( sup]iority1 t ! ,buddha kept con/antly be=e 8 disciples _! welf>e2 he taught h[ a man might deliv] himself f suff]+4 ,! ,*ri/ makes self-salvation b a "p ( ,8 disciples' "w4 ,! ,buddha has next to no?+ to say ab\t ,god2 ! ,*ri/ has all to say ab\t ,god4 ,! ,*ri/ seeks to %[ h[ man's life is atta*$ to ,god at e po9t2 he exhibits ! true "* ( ,god1 pres5t+ a picture inf9itely sup]ior to t drawn by ! h& ( any ( ! f\nd]s ( religions1 or by ! highe/ imag9ations ( ! pure/ m54 ,9 brief1 ! ,buddha's life & tea*+s 7 unque/ionably good1 b ! ,*ri/'s unque/ionably bett]4 ,?is w be m app>5t z1 9 ! foll[+ *apt]s1 we /udy ! work+ out ( ! ,buddha's tea*+s4 ,we %all see h[ mu* & h[ little !y b5efit$ ! race4 ,let ! te/ ( "t be appli$ to ! answ]s he br\ght to ! puzzl+ problems ( s91 suff]+ & sorr[1 & see if !y h wr\ght out ! good = :i* ! ,buddha look$1 hop$ & pray$4 ,we %all see a p>tial success & a p>tial failure1 & see ! und\bt$ necessity ( giv+ ! k ( ! ,gospel to ! nations :o h kn[n no?+ bett] ?an t :i* ,buddha _h to tell4 ,,*apt] ,,xxvii4 ,,! ,,buddhi/ ,,bible1 ,,! 8,,?ree ,,baskets10 ,,& ,,its ,,tea*+s4 ,!re is t 9 ,buddhism1 intelligible to ! poor & ! suff]+1 :i* has ende>$ ,buddhism to ! he>ts ( millions n ! silly1 metaphysical phantasmagorias ( worlds ( gods & worlds ( ,brahma1 or f9al dissolution ( ! s\l 9 ,nirvna4 ,no1 ! beautiful1 ! t5d]1 ! humanly true1 :i*1 l pure gold1 lies buri$ 9 all religions1 ev5 9 ! s& ( ! ,buddhi/ canon4--,f4 ,,max ,m,,ll]4 ,gautama _h himself ?or\ghly work$ out 8 sy/em ( religion4 ,) reg>d to 8 tea*+s1 we h m reliable in=mation ?an 9 reg>d to 8 life4 ,dur+ 8 fifty ye>s ( tea*+ he _h ample "t to repeat ov] & ov] aga9 to 8 disciples ! pr9ciples ( 8 fai?4 ,9 ! int]val betwe5 ,buddha's dea? & ! reign ( ! ,buddhi/ k+1 ,asoka 79 #cjg ,b4,c471 leg5ds & /ories ( miracul\s de$s multipli$ ab\t ! n>rative ( ,buddha's life4 ,gautama ,buddha's tea*+s 7 committ$ to writ+ & comm5t>ies 7 writt5 ^u ^!4 ,to det]m9e :at 7 ! g5u9e ,buddhi/ sacr$ books1 & :at 7 apocryphal1 a c\ncil 0 call$ by ,k+ ,asoka4 ,?is k+ 0 to ! ,buddhi/s :at ,con/ant9e ! ,great 0 to ! e>ly ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,k+ ,asoka said to ! assembl$ prie/s1 8:at has be5 said by ,buddha1 t alone is well said40 ,! canon ( sacr$ books1 z decl>$ by ?is c\ncil1 include ! collection call$ ! ,tripitaka1 or 8,?ree ,baskets40 ,^! are to ,buddhism :at ! ,new ,te/am5t is to ,*ri/ianity2 9 ^! we f9d ! or?odox belief4 ,! fir/ ( ^! baskets is call$ ! ,v9aya1 & conta9s all ( ,buddha's tea*+s t ref] to morality2 ! second is call$ ! ,sutras1 conta9+ ! s]mons ( ,buddha2 ! ?ird is call$ ! ,abhidh>ma1 conta9+ all t treats ( philosophy & metaphysics4 ,! g5]al "n1 ,dh>ma1 or 8law10 is appli$ to ! second & ?ird ,pitakas1 or baskets4 ,! fir/ & second baskets ea* conta9 five sep>ate works1 & ! ?ird basket sev54 ,9 addition to ^! books ! ,buddhi/s look ^u ! comm5t>ies & p>ables ( ! fam\s ,buddhi/ mission>y1 ,buddhagho%a1 z ( ne>ly equal value4 ,^! 7 writt5 ab\t #dcj ,a4,d4 ,/ill fur!r1 we h ! "w call$ ! ,dh>ma ,pada1 or 8,foot/eps ( ! ,law40 ,?is is a book ( ,buddhi/'s morals1 & ,sp5ce ,h>dy1 "o ( ! be/ writ]s on ,buddhism1 says t a collection ( precepts might be made f ?is "w1 :i* 9 purity ( morals c\ld h>dly be equal$ by any hea!n au?or4 ,we n[ give a summ>y ( ,buddha's tea*+s on ! m important topics z f\nd 9 ! ,tripitakas4 ,,! ,,buddhi/ ,,way ,,( ,,salvation4 ,! me?od ( salvation :i* 0 wr\ght out by ,buddha has be5 admirably summ>iz$ by ,rhys-,david z foll[s3 8,s long z man is b\nd up by bodily exi/5ce ) ! mat]ial _w he is liable to sorr[1 decay & dea?4 ,s long z he all[s unholy desires to reign )9 him1 !re w be unsatisfi$ long+s1 useless we>9ess & c>e4 ,to attempt to purify himself by oppress+ 8 body w\ld be only wa/$ ef=t2 x is ! moral evil ( a man's he>t :i* keeps him *a9$ d[n 9 ! degrad$ /ate ( bodily life--( union ) ! mat]ial _w4 ,x is ( little avail to add virtue to 8 badness1 = s long z !re is evil1 8 goodness w only insure him = a "t1 & 9 ano!r bir?1 a high] =m ( mat]ial life2 only ! complete eradication ( all evil w set him free f ! *a9s ( exi/5ce & c>ry him to ! #8o!r side1' :]e he w be no long] toss$ ab\t on ! waves ( ! ocean ( transmigration4 ,b ,*ri/ian ideas mu/ n be put into ^! ,buddhi/ expressions4 ,( any immat]ial exi/5ce1 ,buddhism kn[s no?+4 ,! f\ndations ( its cre$ h be5 summ$ up 9 ! v anci5t =mula probably inv5t$ by its f\nd]1 :i* is call$ ! ,f\r ,great ,tru?s4 ,^! are3 #a4 ,t mis]y always accompanies exi/5ce4 #b4 ,t all modes ( exi/5ce 7( m5 or animals1 9 e>? & heav57 result f passion or desire 7tantra74 #c4 ,t !re is no escape f exi/5ce except by de/ruction ( desire4 #d4 ,t ?is may be _h by foll[+ ! f\rfold way to ,nirvna4 8,( ^! f\r prescrib$ /ages call$ #8! ,pa?s1' ! fir/ is an awak5+ ( ! he>t4 ,!re are few t d n ackn[l$ge t no man c be really call$ happy1 & t m5 are born to tr\ble z ! sp>ks fly upw>d1 b ! majority glide ?r\gh life fill+ up _! "t ) bus9ess or ) pleasure1 buoy$ up ) ev]-*ang+ hopes 9 _! mad pursuit ( "s fanci$ good4 ,:5 ! scales fall f _! eyes1 :5 !y beg9 to realize ! great my/]y ( sorr[1 t pa9 is insep>able f exi/5ce1 & t all e>?ly good leads to vexation ( _s1 :5 !y turn = com=t & = guidance to ! ,enlight5$ ,"o1 !n !y may be said to be awake1 & to h ent]$ ! fir/ /age ( ! ,buddhi/ way ( salvation4 ,:5 ! awak5$ believ] has gone fur!r1 & got rid1 fir/1 ( all impure desires1 & !n ( all rev5geful feel+s1 he has rea*$ ! second /age2 9 ! ?ird he successively becomes free 7#a7 f all evil desires1 7#b7 f ignorance1 7#c7 f d\bt1 7#d7 f h]esy1 & 7#e7 f unk9dl9ess & vexation4 #8,z ev5 at ! risk ( h] own life a "m wat*es ov] h] *ild1 h] only *ild1 s let him 7! ,buddhi/ sa9t7 ex]t good-w )\t measure t[>d all be+s4'0 ,! ord] "h obs]v$ is v rem>kable4 ,! way to be fre$ f d\bt & h]esy lies ?r\gh fre$om f impurity & rev5ge1 & evil long+s ( all k9ds2 or1 9 o!r words1 if a man awak5$ to a deep s5se ( ! my/]y ( sorr[ wi%es to und]/& ! real facts ( exi/5ce1 wi%es to believe n ! false or ! p>tly false1 b ! true altoge!r1 ,buddha tells him n to set to "w & /udy1 n to torture himself ) asceticism or privation1 b to purify 8 m9d f all unholy desires & passions3 "r actions spr+ f a pure m9d1 & to ! pure 9 he>t all ?+s are op54 ,aga91 ! fir/ enemy :i* ! awak5$ believ] has to fight aga9/ is s5suality1 & ! la/ is unk9dl9ess4 ,x is impossible to build any?+ on a f\ndation ( mire2 & ! top/one ( all t "o c build1 ! highe/ po9t he c rea*1 ! po9t above purity1 above ju/ice1 above ev5 fai?1 is1 accord+ to ,buddha1 univ]sal *>ity4 ,till he has ga9$ t1 ! believ] is /ill b\nd2 he is n free2 8 m9d is /ill d>k4 ,true enlight5m5t1 true fre$om1 are complete only 9 love4 ,! believ] :o has gone ?us f> has rea*$ ! la/ /age2 he has cut ! me%es ( ignorance1 passion & s91 & has ?us escap$ f ! net ( transmigration2 ,nirvna is already )9 8 grasp2 he has ris5 above ! laws ( mat]ial exi/5ce2 ! secrets ( ! future & ! pa/ lie op5 be=e him2 & :5 ?is "o %ort life is ov]1 he w be free =ev] f bir? ) its inevitable consequ5ces1 decay & dea?4 ,no ,buddhi/ n[ hopes to rea* ?is /age on e>?2 b he :o has once ent]$ ! 8pa?s0 _c leave !m2 ! f9al p]sev]ance ( ! sa9ts is sure2 & soon] or lat]1 "u easi] conditions 9 "s less mat]ial _w1 he w w9 ! great prize1 &1 ent]+ ,nirvna1 be at re/ =ev] ) o!r triumphant victors4 ,,:at ,,is ,,nirv,,na8 ,! c5tral doctr9e ( ,buddhism1 ! goal ( all its hopes1 ! end ( all its /ruggles1 is ,nirvna or ,nigban4 ,b :at does ?is mean8 ,"s le>n$ m5 say1 absorption or swall[+ up into ! ,deity2 o!rs1 t x means a p]fect annihilation1 a ceas+ to be or exi/2 :ile /ill o!rs say t x simply means rea*+ a /ate ( p]fect inw>d re/4 ,nirvna means1 lit]ally1 8a bl[+ out10 z ( a c&le4 ,we _c conceive x possible t any "o c\ld tea* ! hopeless1 despair+ doctr9e ( annihilation1 & _c help believ+ t ! la/ int]pretation is ! true "o--t ,nirvna means a p]fect1 inw>d peace4 ,c]ta9 x is t ,buddha's foll[]s ( to-day believe 9 a def9itely locat$ ,p>adise1 a place ( p]fect enjoym5t4 ,nirvna is an ext9ction1 b ( :at8 ,( ! life ( ! s\l8 or ( ! passions1 ( selfi%ness1 desire & s98 & ( ! unre/ produc$ by ^!8 ,nirvna is call$ ! highe/ happ9ess4 ,z ,max ,mll] says1 8,x repres5t$ ! entrance ( ! s\l into re/1 a subdu+ ( all wi%es & desires1 indiff]5ce to joy & pa91 to good & evil1 an absorption ( ! s\l 9 itself1 & a fre$om f ! circles ( exi/5ces f bir? to dea?1 & f dea? to a new bir?4 ,?is is /ill ! mean+ :i* educat$ p atta* to x1 :il/ to ! m9ds ( ! l>g] masses1 ,nirvna sugge/s r ! idea ( a ,mohamm$an ,p>adise or ( blissful ,elysian fields40 ,buddha1 himself1 once said3 8,^? only :o h arriv$ at ,nirvna are at re/40 ,closely associat$ ) ,nirvna is ! idea ( ! transmigration ( ! s\l2 t ! s\l aft] dea? passes f "o body to ano!r2 sometimes ! body 9 :i* ! s\l is born aga9 is t ( an animal1 sometimes ( a man4 ,! ,buddhi/s kill no animals1 = fe> ( annoy+ ! s\l ( a dead man1 :i* may be liv+ 9 ! animal4 ,= ?is reason !y also take great c>e ( w\nd$ & sick animals4 ,9 ,bombay is a hospital = animals1 c>ri$ on v successfully by ! ,ja9s1 a ,buddhi/ sect4 ,,buddhi/ ,,morals4 ,! wond]fully pure & exalt$ tea*+s ( ,buddha h be5 ga!r$ toge!r 9 ! ,dh>ma ,pada1 or 8,foot/eps ( ! ,law40 ,_m ( !m greatly resemble ! tea*+s ( our ,holy ,scriptures1 o!rs are absurdly ridicul\s1 :ile /ill o!rs are metaphysical ab/ractions1 & are :olly mean+less4 ,! great majority are1 h[ev]1 full ( wondr\s wisdom4 ,! foll[+ selections are translations f ! ,pali language3 ,,"s ,,( ,,! 8,,foot/eps ,,( ,,! ,,law40 ,!re is no fire l passion2 !re is no %>k l hatr$2 !re is no sn>e l folly2 !re is no torr5t l gre$4 ,a man is n le>n$ because he talks mu*4 ,a man is n an eld] because 8 head is gray2 8 age may be ripe1 b he is call$ 8,old-9-va940 ,= hatr$ does n cease by hatr$ at any "t2 hatr$ ceases by love4 ,?is is an old rule4 ,he :o lives look+ = pleasure only1 8 s5ses uncontroll$1 immod]ate 9 8 enjoym5ts1 idle & weak1 ,mra 7! tempt]7 w c]ta9ly ov]come him1 z ! w9d ?r[s d[n a weak tree4 ,he :o lives )\t look+ = pleasures1 8 s5ses well controll$1 9 8 enjoym5ts mod]ate1 fai?ful & /rong1 ,mra w c]ta9ly n ov]come him1 any m ?an ! w9d ?r[s d[n a rocky m\nta94 ,z ra9 breaks ?r\gh an ill-?at*$ h\se1 passion w break ?r\gh an unreflect+ m9d4 ,! evil-do] suff]s 9 ?is _w1 & he suff]s 9 ! next2 he suff]s 9 bo?4 ,he suff]s :5 he ?9ks ( ! evil he has done2 he suff]s m :5 go+ on ! evil pa?4 ,! virtu\s man is happy 9 ?is _w1 & he is happy 9 ! next2 he is happy 9 bo?4 ,he is happy :5 he ?9ks ( ! good he has done2 he is /ill m happy :5 go+ on ! good pa?4 ,! sc5t ( fl[]s does n travel aga9/ ! w9d1 nor 7t (7 s&al-wood1 or ( a bottle ( ,tag>a oil2 b ! odor ( good p travels ev5 aga9/ ! w9d2 a good man p]vades e place4 ,z on a heap ( rubbi% ca/ ^u ! highway ! lily w gr[ full ( sweet p]fume & delightful1 ?us ! disciple ( ! truly enlight5$ ,buddha %9es =? by 8 k among ^? :o are l rubbi%1 among ! p t walk 9 d>kness4 ,! fool :o kn[s 8 fooli%ness1 is wise at lea/ s f>4 ,b a fool :o ?9ks himself wise1 he is call$ a fool inde$4 ,! gods ev5 envy him ^: s5ses h be5 subdu$1 l horses well brok5 9 by ! driv]1 :o is free f pride1 & free f frailty4 ,ev5 ?\gh a spee* be a ?\s& 7( words7 b made up ( s5seless words1 "o ^w ( s5se is bett]1 :i* if a man he>s1 he becomes quiet4 ,if "o man conqu] 9 battle a ?\s& times ?\s& m51 & if ano!r conqu] himself1 he is ! greate/ ( conqu]ors4 ,let no man ?9k lightly ( evil1 say+ 9 8 he>t1 ,x w n come ne> unto me4 ,ev5 by ! fall+ ( wat]-drops a wat]-pot is fill$4 ,! fool becomes full ( evil1 ev5 if he ga!rs x little by little4 ,let no "o =get 8 own duty = ! sake ( ano!r's1 h[ev] great4 ,let a man1 aft] he has disc]n$ 8 own duty1 be always att5tive to 8 duty4 ,! wise :o control _! body1 :o control _! tongue1 ! wise :o control _! m9d1 are inde$ well controll$4 ,& ! man :o gives himself to dr9k+ intoxicat+ liquors1 he1 ev5 9 ?is _w1 digs up 8 own root4 ,ak9 to ^! are ! foll[+ bless+s ( ,buddha3 ,,buddhi/ ,,beatitudes4 ,"o ( ! gods says to ,gautama3 #a4 ,_m angels & m5 ,h held v>i\s ?+s bless+s1 ,:5 !y 7 ye>n+ = happ9ess4 ,d ?\ decl>e to u ! *ief good4 ,gautama answ]s3 #b4 ,n to s]ve ! fooli%1 ,b to s]ve ! wise2 ,to honor ^? wor?y ( honor3 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #c4 ,to dwell 9 a pleasant l&1 ,good works done 9 a =m] bir?1 ,"r desires 9 ! he>t3 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #d4 ,mu* insight & education1 ,self control & pleasant spee*1 ,& :atev] ^w be well-spok53 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #e4 ,to support fa!r & "m1 ,to *]i% wife & *ild1 ,to foll[ a peaceful call+3 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #f4 ,to be/[ alms & live righte\sly1 ,to give help to k9dr$1 ,de$s :i* _c be blam$3 ,^! are ! greate/ bless+s4 #g4 ,to abhor & cease f s91 ,ab/95ce f /rong dr9k1 ,n to be we>y 9 well-do+3 ,^! are ! greate/ bless+s4 #h4 ,rev]5ce & l[l9ess1 ,cont5tm5t & gratitude1 ,! he>+ ( ! ,law at due seasons3 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #i4 ,to be long-suff]+ & meek1 ,to associate ) ! tranquil 7i4 e41 ,buddhi/ monks71 ,religi\s talk at due seasons3 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #aj4 ,self-re/ra9t & purity1 ,! k ( ! ,noble ,tru?s1 ,! realization ( ,nirvna3 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #aa4 ,b5ea? ! /roke ( life's *anges1 ,! m9d t %ake? n2 ,)\t grief or passion1 & secure3 ,?is is ! greate/ bless+4 #ab4 ,on e side are inv9cible ,!y :o d acts l ^!1 ,on e side !y walk 9 safety1 ,& !irs is ! greate/ bless+4 ,,*apt] ,,xxviii4 ,,! ,,gr[? ,,( ,,buddhism--,,! ,,buddhi/ ,,ord] ,,( ,,m5dicants4 ,:at pr\d ,emp]ors ,c>v$ 8 sweet words ^u ! rocks & caves2 ,& h[--9 fullness ( ! times--x fell ,! ,buddha di$1 ! great ,ta?agato1 ,ev5 z a man 'mong/ m51 fulfill+ all3 ,& h[ a ?\s& ?\s& crores#e s9ce !n ,h trod ! ,pa? :i* leads :i!r he w5t ,unto ,,nirvana :]e ! ,sil5ce lives4 ,,edw9 ,,arnold1 ,,9 ,,! 8,,light ,,( ,,asia40 ,buddhism is a mission>y sy/em4 ,x has spread f> beyond ! l& ( its bir?1 all ov] ,asia4 ,! me?ods ( its spread 7 entirely diff]5t f ^? ( ,mohamm$anism1 :ile !y some:at resembl$ ^? ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,to-day ,buddhism numb]s ab\t two-fif?s ( ! _w's population among its adh]5ts4 ,x is /ill 9 vigor\s life4 ,x has be5 propagat$ ma9ly ?r\gh ! ,sangha1 or ,buddhi/ ,ord] ( ,m5dicants4 ,! dates usually assign$ = ! entrance ( ,buddhism into o!r l&s are z foll[s3 ,into ,ceylon1 #bej ,b4,c42 into ,*9a1 #fe ,a4,d42 into ,corea1 #cgb ,a4,d42 into ,burmah1 #dej ,a4,d42 into ,japan1 #eeb ,a4,d42 into ,?ibet1 ab\t #fbe ,a4,d42 & into ,siam1 #fch ,a4,d4 ,:ile "s ( ^! h be5 que/ion$1 no good reason has yet be5 giv5 = accept+ any o!rs4 ,we %all at pres5t discuss ! "* & con/itution ( ! ,buddhi/ bro!rhood ( ! ,sangha1 leav+ ! /ories ( ! introduction ( ,buddhism into ! v>i\s c\ntries to be told 9 _! respective places4 ,,! ,,sangha1 ,,or ,,buddhi/ ,,bro!rhood4 ,all ( ,buddha's disciples :o _h tak5 ! v[s ( asceticism 7 kn[n by ! "n ( ,sangha1 mean+ 8congregation0 or 8*ur*40 ,! organization ( ?is ord] _h ! mo/ to d ) ! spread ( ,buddhism4 ,keep 9 m9d t1 9 common ) almo/ all re=m]s1 ,gautama1 ! ,buddha1 did n int5d to cut loose f 8 old fai?4 ,he hop$ to make ! new w9e ( 8 tea*+s g into ! old bottles ( ,brahm9ism4 ,we believe t he did n int5d or expect t 8 religion %\ld spread ov] ,asia4 ,fur!r1 x 0 n s mu* due to 8 doctr9e ( ! ,dh>ma1 or 8law10 t 8 religion ga9$ s wide an acceptance1 z x 0 due to 8 e/abli%m5t ( ! ord] ( ! ,sangha4 ,"h is "o po9t ( wide div]g5ce f ! mission>y labors ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,its f\nd]1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 did int5d1 & di/9ctly /at$ ,8 int5tion ( giv+ ,8 religion to ! _w4 ,! ord] ( ! ,sangha 0 a gr[?4 ,little by little1 z occasion dem&$1 ,gautama laid d[n rules = ^? :o w\ld be 8 disciples1 & unconsci\sly ^! disciples became m & m exclusive1 %utt+ 9 !mselves & %utt+ out all o!rs4 ,f9ally1 aft] ,gautama's dea?1 !y became a di/9ct body4 ,,! ,,initiation ,,c]emony4 ,any "o :o 0 free f contagi\s disease1 :o 0 nei!r a slave1 a debtor nor a soldi]1 & :o _h obta9$ ! cons5t ( 8 p>5ts1 might be admitt$ to ! ord]4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( ! c]emony ( admission has be5 compil$ by ,t4 ,w4 ,rhys-,david1 late ( ! ,ceylon civil s]vice3 8,! layman :o wi%es = entrance to ! ,ord] mu/ be at lea/ eight ye>s old be=e obta9+ ! novitiate1 & at lea/ tw5ty be=e receiv+ full ord9ation4 ,on ! day appo9t$1 a *apt] is held1 ( n less ?an t5 monks1 ! presid5t be+ ( at lea/ t5 ye>s' /&+4 ,! monks =m+ ! *apt] sit on mats1 9 two r[s1 fac+ ea* o!r1 ! presid5t be+ at ! head ( "o r[4 ,! c&idate1 9 lay dress1 b c>ry+ ! ?ree yell[ robes ( a m5dicant1 is introduc$ by 8 propos] 7always a monk71 makes a salutation to ! presid5t1 & (f]s him a small pres5t z a tok5 ( respect4 ,he !n ?ree times asks = admission z a novice4 #8,h pity on me1 "l2 take ^! robes1 & let me be orda9$1 t ,i may escape f sorr[ & exp]i5ce ,nirvna4' ,! presid5t !n takes ! bundle ( robes1 & ties !m ar\nd ! c&idate's neck1 repeat+1 mean:ile1 a =mula ( m$itation on ! p]i%able nature ( ! human body4 ,! c&idate !n retires1 & *anges 8 dress1 repeat+ ! :ile a =mula to ! effect t1 ?\gh he we>s robes1 he does s only out ( mode/y1 & z a protection f heat1 cold1 etc4 ,:5 he reappe>s clad z a m5dicant1 he kneels be=e ! presid5t1 & repeats aft] him ?ree times two well-kn[n ,buddhi/ =mulas4 ,! fir/ ( ^! is t call$ ! #8,?ree ,refuges4' 8#8,i g = refuge to ! ,buddha4 8#8,i g = refuge to ! ,law4 8#8,i g = refuge to ! ,ord]4' 8,! o!r is call$ ! #8,t5 ,precepts1' :i* are z foll[s3 8#8#a4 ,i take ! v[ n to de/roy life4 8#8#b4 ,i take ! v[ n to /eal4 8#8#c4 ,i take ! v[ to ab/a9 f impurity4 8#8#d4 ,i take ! v[ n to lie4 8#8#e4 ,i take ! v[ to ab/a9 f intoxicat+ dr9ks1 :i* h9d] progress & virtue4 8#8#f4 ,i take ! v[ n to eat at =bidd5 times4 8#8#g4 ,i take ! v[ to ab/a9 f danc+1 s++1 music & /age-plays4 8#8#h4 ,i take ! v[ n to use g>l&s1 sc5ts1 ungu5ts or ornam5ts4 8#8#i4 ,i take ! v[ n to use a high or broad b$4 8#8#aj4 ,i take ! v[ n to receive gold or silv]4' 8,! c&idate !n rises1 pays respect to ! presid5t1 & retires a novice4 ,"h1 = ! novitiate1 ! c]emony ends40 ,,rules ,,( ,,! ,,ord]4 ,solid food is =bidd51 except betwe5 sunrise & noon1 & total ab/95ce f intoxicat+ dr9ks is requir$4 ,! monks1 or bro!rs ( ! ord]1 usually get _! food by begg+ f door to door2 ea* usually c>ries 8 br[n e>!nw>e begg+-b[l4 ,he says no?+1 b only /&s1 wait+1 at ! op5 door ( ! hut4 ,if some?+ is giv5 him1 he mutt]s a pray] = ! giv]1 b if no?+1 he passes on 9 sil5ce4 ,! monks g5]ally live toge!r 9 groves1 g>d5s or mona/]ies4 ,at fir/ !y l$ a lonely life1 b aft]w>ds !y ga!r$ toge!r 9 communities4 ,!y 7 requir$ to dress 9 simple g>m5ts ( a dull orange color1 fir/ torn 9 pieces & !n sewn toge!r aga91 s t !y _h no salable value4 ,!y we> ?ree robes2 &1 :ile ! p ( ! w>m] c\ntries we> only ! lo9-clo?1 ! memb]s ( ! ord] 7 requir$ to keep _! bodies cov]$4 ,to 8put (f ! robes0 0 equival5t to leav+ ! society4 ,p]sonal indulg5ce1 !ft & murd] w\ld cause ! monk :o committ$ !m to be expell$ f ! ord]4 ,no monk 0 all[$ to possess m ?an eight articles--! ?ree robes1 a girdle = ! lo9s1 a begg+-b[l1 a razor1 a ne$le & a wat]-/ra9]4 ,! communities ( monks1 h[ev]1 7 p]mitt$ to own prop]ty4 ,unque/ion+ ob$i5ce to sup]iors is nev] requir$ ( a monk among ! ,buddhi/s4 ,,daily ,,life ,,( ,a ,,monk4 ,accord+ to ! 8,manual ( ,ex]cises10 ! daily life ( a monk %\ld be z foll[s3 ,he %all rise be=e daylight & wa%2 !n sweep ! wihra or resid5ce--z ! clean little hut :]e ! m5dicant lives is call$--!n sweep r\nd ! ,bo-tree1 fet* ! dr9k+-wat] = ! day1 filt] x1 & place x ready = use4 ,retir+ to a solit>y place1 he %all !n m$itate on ! regulations4 ,!n he %all (f] fl[]s be=e ! sacr$ dgaba--! solid dome-%ap$ %r9e 9 :i* relics ( ! ,buddha are buri$--or be=e ! ,bo-tree1 ?9k+ ( ! great virtues ( ! ,tea*] & ( 8 own faults4 ,soon aft]1 tak+ ! begg+-b[l1 he is to foll[ 8 sup]ior 9 8 daily r\nd = food1 &1 on _! return1 is to br+ wat] = 8 feet & place ! alms-b[l be=e him4 ,aft] ! meal is ov]1 he is to wa% ! alms-b[l1 !n aga9 to wor%ip ,buddha & m$itate on k9dness & affection4 ,ab\t an h\r aft]w>ds1 he is to beg9 8 /udies f ! books1 or copy "o ( !m1 ask+ 8 sup]ior ab\t passages he does n und]/&4 ,at sunset1 he is aga9 to sweep ! sacr$ places1 &1 light+ a lamp1 to li/5 to ! tea*+ ( 8 sup]ior1 & repeat su* passages f ! canon t he has le>n$4 ,if he f9ds he has committ$ any fault1 he is to tell 8 sup]ior2 he is to be cont5t ) su* ?+s z he has1 &1 keep+ "u 8 s5ses1 to gr[ 9 grace )\t haught9ess ( body1 spee* or m9d4 ,,! ,,?ree ,,great ,,buddhi/ ,,c\ncils4 ,soon aft] ,buddha's dea? a c\ncil ( #ejj memb]s ( ! ord] 0 held 9 a cave1 ne> ! city ( ,rajagriha4 ,?is c\ncil met to =m ,buddha's tea*+s into "s sort ( a sy/em4 ,a second c\ncil ( #gjj 0 held a hundr$ ye>s lat]4 ,?is 0 to effect a settlem5t betwe5 c]ta9 h]etics & ! or?odox p>ty4 ,! ,rules ( ! ,ord] & ! ,doctr9es ( ! ,fai? 7 pass$ 9 review & aga9 settl$4 ,!n ! h]etics advanc$ /ill diff]5t op9ions & call$ an opposition c\ncil4 ,?is 0 ! fir/ great s*ism4 ,f ?is "t sects multipli$ among ! ,buddhi/s4 ,! next c\ncil 0 ! ,great ,c\ncil ( ,k+ ,asoka4 ,asoka 0 to ! ,buddhi/ ,ord] :at ,con/ant9e 0 to ! e>ly ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,!re are m m5 to honor him to-day ?an !re are to honor ,*>lemagne or ,cs>4 ,yet ,asoka really caus$ ! d[nfall ( ,buddhism 9 ,india by ! aid he gave x4 ,z ,dante _h said3 8,ah6 ,con/ant9e1 ( h[ mu* ill 0 cause1 ,n ?y conv]sion1 b ^? ri* doma9s ,t ! fir/ weal?y ,pope receiv$ ( !e40 ,asoka built _m mona/]ies & provid$ = ! support ( _m monks4 ,he became a v zeal\s support] ( ,buddhism4 ,"s ( 8 edicts1 bas$ ^u ,gautama's tea*+s1 h be5 discov]$ )9 ! la/ fifty ye>s4 ,9 ! eighte5? ye> ( ,asoka's reign1 a great c\ncil ( #a1jjj monks 0 held 9 ,patna4 ,?is c\ncil f9ally det]m9$ ! canon ( ! sacr$ ,buddhi/ books4 ,?is c\ncil1 held1 probably1 9 ! ye> #bdf ,b4,c41 la/$ n9e mon?s4 ,asoka 0 fill$ ) an aggressive1 mission>y _s1 & at ! close ( ?is c\ncil mission>ies 7 s5t into v>i\s c\ntries1 or prov9ces ( ,india1 f ,ca%m]e to ,ceylon4 ,! mission to ,ceylon ( ,asoka's own son1 ,mah9da1 0 ! mo/ important4 ,9 ! ye> #fb ,a4,d41 ! ,*9ese ,emp]or ,m+-,ti s5t to ,india & br\ght ,buddhi/ books to ,*9a4 ,f ,*9a ,buddhism spread into ,corea & ,japan & ,?ibet4 ,f ,ceylon x spread to ,burmah & ,siam4 ,( late ye>s ! s\rces ( our in=mation z to ,buddhi/ tea*+s & hi/ory h greatly *ang$4 ,=m]ly only ,ceylon 0 look$ to = ?is in=mation1 b ( late ye>s ! "w ( ,big&et 9 ,burmah1 ,alaba/] 9 ,siam1 ,s*lag9tweit 9 ,?ibet1 & ,beal 9 ,*9a1 h giv5 m ?or\gh k ( ! facts ( ,buddhi/ doctr9e & hi/ory4 ,,buddhagho%a1 ,,! ,,fam\s ,,monk ,,& ,,mission>y4 ,buddhagho%a liv$ 9 ! middle ( ! fif? c5tury aft] ,*ri/4 ,he is1 next to ,asoka1 ! mo/ celebrat$ man 9 ,buddhi/ hi/ory4 ,he visit$ ,ceylon1 :]e he greatly reviv$ ! ,buddhi/ fai?4 ,he !n w5t to ,burmah1 :]e he e/abli%$ ,buddhism among ! ,burmese4 ,f ^! p x spread into ,arracan1 ,pegu1 & f9ally into ,siam4 ,he wrote a fam\s comm5t>y on ! ,buddhi/ ,bible2 "s s*ol>s believe t ?is is b a translation ( old] comm5t>ies :i* ,buddhagho%a made1 & t 8 p>ables are b ! p>ables ( ,mah9da or ev5 ( ,gautama re-writt54 ,at any rate1 !y g by ,buddhagho%a's "n among ! ,burmese ,buddhi/s4 ,8 p>ables are v int]e/+1 & are us$ by ! monks & prea*]s 9 all _! s]mons4 ,! accompany+ /ory ( ,k+ ,kkavanna is quot$ f ,capta9 ,rog]s' translation ( ,buddhagho%a's ,p>ables1 & w s]ve z a fair specim5 ( ! /ories z a :ole4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,k+ ,k,,kavanna4 ,a ,rah&a once prea*$ ! ,law to ,kkavanna1 8 que5 & concub9es1 9 ! isl& ( ,ceylon4 ,k+ ,kkavanna1 fill$ ) love = ! ,law1 resolv$ to make an (f]+ ( ! putzo :i* he 0 we>+4 ,9 a _s ( nigg>dl9ess1 h[ev]1 he ?\ght he w\ld def] ! (f]+ until ! next day4 ,two cr[s1 a husb& & wife1 :o 7 p]*$ ^u ! tree at ! foot ( :i* ! ,law _h be5 prea*$1 kn[+ :at 0 pass+ 9 ! k+'s m9d1 said to ea* o!r3 8,! k+1 f 8 nigg>dly _s1 excell5t z ! ,law is1 _c make up 8 m9d to make an (f]+ ( ! putzo40 ,nei!r ! que51 nor ! concub9es1 nor ! nobles und]/ood :at ! two cr[s 7 say+ to ea* o!r2 b ! k+1 directly he he>d ! s\nd ( ! cr[s1 knew :at !y said4 8,o y pair ( cr[s10 he exclaim$1 8h[ d>e y speak s ( a k+ l me80 ,! cr[s repli$1 8,y\r maje/y1 d n take ! putzo y h at home1 b make an (f]+ ( ! "o y are we>+1 wor? a hundr$ ?\s& pieces ( gold4 ,9 sev5 days h5ce y w receive ! five rew>ds40 ,! k+ smil$ at ! cr[s' spee*4 ,my "l1 ! ,rah&a1 :o _h be5 prea*+ ! ,law1 said to ! k+1 8,:y does y\r maje/y smile at me80 8,i 0 n smil+ at my "l ,rah&a10 repli$ ! k+2 8,i 0 smil+ at :at ! two cr[s said40 ,! ,rah&a1 :o possess$ ! ,nat's eye1 :i* c\ld behold eight pa/ & eight future exi/5ces1 & :o saw ! previ\s life ( ! k+1 said to him1 8,great k+1 ,i w tell y some?+2 w y be angry ) me80 8,my "l10 repli$ ! k+1 8,i %all n be angry ) y2 deign to tell x to me40 ,my "l1 ! ,rah&a1 proce$$3 8,:5 y\r maje/y 0 a poor man 9 ! ,anurdha c\ntry1 y us$ to collect firewood1 & live by ! sale ( x4 ,"o day1 :5 y w5t out to y\r "w1 y took ) y a small cupful ( boil$ rice4 ,com+ across a heap ( :ite s& :i* look$ l %eet-silv]1 y reflect$ t y\r pov]ty mu/ h be5 occasion$ by y\r n possess+ ! m]it ( hav+ made (f]+s1 & accord+ly y rais$ a pagoda ( ! :ite s&1 plac$ 9 front ( x1 z an (f]+1 "o-half ( ! rice y _h ) y1 & gave ! rema9+ half to ! cr[s to eat1 z an (f]+ to ! ,rahans4 ,^! two cr[s1 husb& & wife1 are ! v same two cr[s :o ate ! rice ( :i* y made ! (f]+ :5 y 7 a poor man40 ,:5 ! k+ he>d ?is1 he exclaim$1 8,oh1 h[ un/able is prosp]ity6 ,i h obta9$ ! position ( k+ only f mak+ (f]+s at a s& pagoda60 ,s say+1 he made an (f]+ to ! ,law ( ! putzo he 0 we>+4 ,sev5 days aft]w>ds1 ! five rew>ds came to ! k+4 ,! five rew>ds 7 ^!3 ,! ,nats1 wrapp+ up 9 a ?+an ! relics ( an excell5t ,rah&a :o _h obta9$ ,p>anibbna :ile he 0 up 9 ! sky1 & :i* 7 l a jasm9e-bud1 came & laid !m d[n be=e ! k+4 ,9 front ( 8 palace a m\nta9 ( gold arose4 ,! ,nats br\ght a virg9 f ! isl& ( ,utt>akuru4 ,?is woman 0 t5 cubits 9 /ature4 ,%e br\ght ) h] a kuns ( rice1 :i*1 ?\gh "o 7 to cook x & eat x dur+ a :ole lifetime1 w\ld nev] be exhau/$4 ,an elephant ( priceless value1 :i* c\ld travel a hundr$ yoganas ev5 be=e breakfa/4 ,sev5 vessels arriv$ at ! port completely fill$ ) valuable putzos4 ,,buddhi/ ,,c\ntries ,,( ,,! ,,pres5t ,,day4 ,buddhism 9 ,india has almo/ di$ out4 ,9 ,ceylon1 & among ! sect ( ! ,ja9s1 9 ,we/]n ,india1 x /ill rema9s2 b1 except+ ^! p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 ,brahm9ism has triumph$ 9 putt+ d[n ,buddhism4 ,9 ,f>!r ,india1 t is1 9 ,burmah & ,malacca1 ,buddhism is v /rong4 ,among ! ,k>5s ( ,burmah1 ,buddhism nev] ga9$ any acceptance4 ,9 ,siam1 ,cambodia & ,co*9 ,*9a1 ,buddhism is preval5t4 ,9 ,*9a prop] & 9 ,corea x is associat$ ) ,confucianism & ,taoism4 ,9 ,?ibet x has tak5 ! peculi> =m call$ ,lamaism1 a regul> hi]>*y hav+ develop$4 ,9 ,japan x is (t5 associat$ ) ,%9toism4 ,! ,loo ,*oo ,isl&s are also ,buddhi/4 ,,*apt] ,,xxix4 ,,buddhism ,,9 ,,india ,,& ,,ceylon4 ,!y sat 9 sil5t wat*fulness ,! sacr$ cypress-tree ab\t1 ,&1 f b5ea? old wr9kl$ br[s1 ,_! fail+ eyes look$ out4 ,!y wait$ = t fall+ leaf ,( :i* ! w&]+ ,jogees s+3 ,:i* l5ds once m to w9try age ,! gre5ness ( its spr+4 ,,john ,,gre5leaf ,,:itti]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,religi\s ,,meet+ ,,( ,,! ,,ja9s1 ,,! ,,only ,,buddhi/s ,,left ,,9 ,,india4 ,9 ! "t ( ,asoka1 ,buddhism _h almo/ become ! ,/ate religion ( ,india4 ,! conv]sion ( ! k+1 h[ev]1 prov$ ! beg9n+ ( its decl9e4 ,x cont9u$ to exi/ until ! eigh? or n9? c5tury aft] ,*ri/4 ,to-day !re is sc>cely a trace ( ! religion among all ! p ( ,india prop]4 ,! only body ( p 9 ,india t has any connection ) ,buddhism is ! s+ul> sect ( ! ,ja9s4 ,! views ( ?is body are half ,buddhi/ & half ,brahm94 ,!y are f\nd especially on ! ,we/]n coa/ ( ,india1 9 & ar\nd ! city ( ,bombay4 ,!y are divid$ into two classes1 ! ,soetamb>as1 or 8clo!d 9 :ite g>m5ts10 & ! ,digamb>as1 or 8sky-clad10 t is nak$4 ,! la/ class n[ we> color$ g>m5ts1 ?\gh =m]ly !y w5t nak$4 ,l ! ,buddhi/s !y reject ! ,v$as or sacr$ books ( ! ,brahm9s4 ,! pr9cipal po9t ( _! practice is ! rev]5ce paid to holy m51 :o1 by long discipl9e1 h rais$ !mselves to div9e p]fection4 ,^! m5 are call$ ,j9as or 8conqu]+ sa9ts10 :5ce comes ! "n ( _! foll[]s1 ! ,ja9s4 ,!y believe 9 two ev]-return+ cycles ( "t1 ( imm5se duration1 :i* defy all human calculation4 ,! fir/ ,j9a ( ! second cycle1 9 :i* we n[ live1 atta9$ ! age ( #h1djj1jjj ye>s1 & ea* ,j9a s9ce has liv$ a %ort] & %ort] "t4 ,!re are ?ree ways1 !y say1 by :i* ! s\l is deliv]$1 viz43 "r intuition1 "r k & "r conduct4 ,?is la/ consi/s 9 obs]v+ five duties1 or v[s ( self-re/ra9t4 #a4 ,d n kill or injure4 7,/rict ,ja9s c>ry ?is to a ridicul\s ext5t4 ,!y /ra9 wat] be=e dr9k+ x1 sweep ! gr\nd ) a bru% be=e tread+ x1 nev] eat or dr9k 9 ! d>k1 & sometimes we> a musl9 /rip ov] _! m\?s to prev5t ! risk ( swall[+ m9ute insects4 ,!y w nev] eat figs or any fruit conta9+ se$s1 nor ev5 t\* fle%-meat ) _! f+]-tips74 #b4 ,d n tell lies4 #c4 ,d n /eal4 #d4 ,be *a/e & temp]ate 9 ?\ght1 ^w or de$4 #e4 ,d n desire any?+ immod]ately4 ,9 ,bombay !re is a hospital temple ( ! ,ja9s :]e sick animals are receiv$ & c>$ =4 ,9 ?is temple "o may see ox51 "s ) b&ages ov] _! eyes1 & "s lame ly+ ^u b$s ( clean /raw2 o!rs1 bl9d & p>alyz$1 are hav+ _! food br\ght to !m & are be+ rubb$ d[n by pi\s devotees4 ,"h are ga!r$ sick or w\nd$ dogs1 cats1 f[ls ( e sort1 cr[s1 buzz>ds1 vultures1 rats1 mice1 sp>r[s1 peacocks1 jackals1 etc41 & are t5d]ly c>$ =4 ,,! ,,fam\s ,,topes4 ,a ,tope is a /ructure built to conta9 "s relic ( ,buddha4 ,!y 7 g5]ally erect$ by a k+1 :o us$ die foll[+ =m ( words 9 its d$ication3 8,?rice ov] d ,i d$icate my k+dom to ! r$eem] ( ! _w1 ! div9e tea*]1 ! be>] ( ! triple canopy1 ! canopy ( ! heav5ly ho/1 ! canopy ( mortals1 & ! canopy ( et]nal emancipation40 ,! :ole /ructure 0 dome-%ap$1 or1 m exactly1 canopy-%ap$4 ,! relic ( ,buddha--a too?1 a piece ( bone1 or ! l--0 plac$ 9 a gold casket4 ,?is 0 plac$ 9 ! relic-*amb] on a gold5 alt>4 ,!n ! erection ( ! build+ proce$$ amid/ great rejoic+s & ) _m c]emonies4 ,at its completion ! k+ guid$ a gold5 pl[1 drawn by two elephants1 & m>k$ out ?us ) a furr[ a l9e all ar\nd ! ,tope4 ,all )9 ?is l9e 0 consid]$ sacr$ gr\nd4 ,! mo/ fam\s ,topes are ^? at ,san*i4 ,^! are n[ 9 ru9s4 ,! ,topes !mselves are all grass-gr[n & crumbl+1 & almo/ all ( ! magnific5t gate-ways lie 9 ru9s4 ,z we h j said1 ! purpose ( ^! ,topes 0--n = use z a temple or z a place ( liv+ = ! ,buddhi/ monks--b simply z a place 9 :i* to pres]ve relics ( ! dead ,buddha4 ,z ,byron1 9 ,*ilde ,h>old1 has sung3 8,!re is a /]n r\nd t[] ( o!r days1 ,firm z a =tress ) its f5ce ( /one2 ,su* z an army's baffl$ /r5g? delays1 ,/&+ ) half its battlem5ts alone1 ,& ) two ?\s& ye>s' ( ivy gr[n1 ,! g>l& ( et]nity--:]e wave ,! gre5 leaves1 ov] all by ,"t o'er?r[n4 ,:at 0 ?is t[] ( /r5g?8 ,)9 its case ,:at treasure lays s lock$1 s hid8 ,a h]mit's grave40 ,,! ,,great ,,san*i ,,tope4 ,?is is a dome-l /ructure ( solid brick & /one1 "o hundr$ & six feet 9 diamet] at ! base1 & =ty-two feet high f ! base2 ! base is f\rte5 feet high1 giv+ a total height ( fifty-six feet4 ,! base is a t]race1 ext5d+ all ar\nd ! ,tope4 ,on ?is ! wor%ip]s walk$4 ,a colonnade ext5d$ all ar\nd ! ,tope4 ,!re is an extrance to ! ,tope at ea* ( ! f\r c>d9al po9ts4 ,^! f\r gate-ways are v picturesque objects4 ,!y are cov]$ ) sculptures repres5t+ v>i\s dome/ic sc5es & religi\s c]emonies4 ,ea* gate-way is =m$ ( two squ>e pill>s1 two feet ?ree in*es ?ick & ?irte5 feet eight in*es high4 ,! capitals ( ^! pill>s v>y4 ,^? ( ! we/]n gate conta9 f\r human dw>fs2 ( ! s\!rn gate1 f\r lions2 & ( ! o!r gate-ways f\r elephants4 ,! height ( ^! capitals is f\r feet six in*es4 ,! c>v+s on ^! gate-ways repres5t sieges1 triumphal processions1 wor%ip+ ,topes1 or ! sacr$ ,bo-tree1 processions escort+ relic-caskets1 & c]ta9 dome/ic sc5es4 ,^! c>v+s are n surpass$1 9 ! beauty ( _! design & execution1 by ^? ( any o!r temples 9 ! _w4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fam\s ,,san*i ,,tope4 ,,built ,,to ,,conta9 ,a ,,relic ,,( ,,gautama ,,! ,,buddha4 ,illu/ration3 ,,capital ,,( ,a ,,pill> ,,( ,,gateway ,,( ,,san*i ,,tope4 ,exactly 9 ! c5tre ( ! second ,san*i ,tope1 !re 0 a small *amb]4 ,?is 0 op5$ by ,major ,alex&] ,cunn+ham1 an ,engli%man1 9 #ahea4 ,he f\nd 9 ?is *amb] a relic-box1 ( :ite s&/one1 ne>ly "o foot squ>e4 ,on x 0 inscrib$3 8,tea*] ( all bran*es ( ,v9aya1 ! ,arhat#f ,kasyapa1 ,gotra1 ,upadiya2#g & ! ,arhat#f ,va*hi ,suvijayata1 tea*] ( ,v9aya40 ,inside ! /one box 7 f\nd f\r small caskets ( mottl$ /eatite4 ,ea* "o ( ^! conta9$ small pieces ( burnt bone1 & on ea* casket 0 writt5 ! "n ( ! holy man ^: a%es 7 en%r9$ !re94 ,z ^! holy m51 ^: names are giv51 are kn[n to h liv$ 9 ,asoka's "t1 x is almo/ c]ta9 t ^! ,topes1 conta9+ _! relics1 7 built n long aft] _! dea?1 or n lat] ?an1 say1 #bbj ,b4,c4 ,!re are o!r ,topes at ,son>i & ,sad?>a1 at ,bhojpur & ,&h]4 ,^! 7 all us$ z relic /ructures1 l ! pagodas ( ,burmah4 ,,ceylonese ,,buddhism4 ,k+ ,asoka 0 n cont5t ) spread+ ,buddhism 9 8 own t]ritory4 ,he built hospitals = man & bea/1 dug wells & plant$ trees by ! roadsides1 & p]=m$ _m o!r good works 9 o!r l&s4 ,^! l&s are describ$ 9 ! old ,buddhi/ *ronicles ( ,ceylon z be+ ,s\!rn ,india & ,ceylon1 & 8to ! l& ( ! ,greek k+1 ,antio*us40 ,he is said to h s5t embassies to f\r ,greek k+s1 & to h 8won f !m a victory1 n by ! sword1 b by religion40 ,illu/ration3 ,,sculptur$ ,,gateway ,,to ,,! ,,tope ,,( ,,san*i1 ,,india4 ,! mo/ important ( all ,asoka's mission>y ent]prises 0 t :i* he s5t to ,ceylon4 8,tissa1 ! delight ( ! gods10 0 at ?is "t k+ ( ,ceylon4 ,to him1 ,asoka's own son1 ,mah9da1 0 s5t z a ,buddhi/ mission>y4 ,mah9da _h be5 = twelve ye>s a memb] ( ! ,sangha1 or ord] ( m5dicants4 ,"o ye> aft] ! great c\ncil ( ! ?\s& monks1 he />t$ = ,ceylon4 ,he took ) him a b& ( monks & copies ( ! ,tripitakas1 ! ,buddhi/ ,bible1 :i* _h j be5 adopt$ by ! ,patna c\ncil4 ,he took also copies ( ! comm5t>ies ^u ^!4 ,illu/ration3 ,,roadway ,,to ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,temple ,,9 ,,ceylon4 ,tissa receiv$ ,mah9da ) great favor1 & soon became a zeal\s work] 9 ! new religion4 ,at ,mah9da's sugge/ion1 ,tissa built ! ,?up>ama ,dagaba 9 ! city ( ,anurdha-pura4 ,?is relic-h\se 0 said to h conta9$ ! "r coll>-bone ( ,gautama ,buddha4 ,ne> ! ,dagaba ! k+ built a beautiful mona/]y4 ,on ?is hill ! mission>y ,mah9da sp5t mo/ ( 8 aft] life4 ,he _h 8 /udy cut out ( ! solid rock1 & /eps cut 9 ! rock4 ,be=e 8 view spread out ! great pla9s & beautiful =e/s ( ,ceylon4 ,)9 ! cave !re /ill exi/s ! /one c\* on :i* he re/$4 ,9 ?is lonely1 cool & quiet rock-*amb]1 ! great tea*] ( ,ceylon sat1 ?\ght1 wrote1 m ?an #b1jjj ye>s ago4 ,mah9da's si/] came ov] %ortly aft] h] bro!r1 to in/ruct "s ( ! k+'s female relations1 :o wi%$ to become nuns4 ,%e br\ght ) h] a bran* ( ! sacr$ ,bo-tree1 ! tree "u :i* ,gautama ,buddha _h f\ght & won ! battle ( 8 life1 & :]e he ga9$ ! ,buddha-hood4 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,bo-,,tree ,,( ,,ceylon4 ,?is bran* 0 plant$ ne> ! ,dagaba1 &1 z x has always be5 t5d$ ) great c>e1 x /ill gr[s !re4 ,?is is ! tree ^u :i* ,:itti] has f\nd$ 8 poem1 8,! ,cypress-tree ( ,ceylon20 ( :i* ,ibn ,batuta1 ! celebrat$ ,mussulman travel] ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 has spok54 8,x 010 says ,ibn ,batuta1 8held sacr$ by ! natives1 & its leaves 7 said to h fall5 only at c]ta9 int]vals2 he :o _h ! happ9ess to f9d & eat "o ( !m 0 re/or$1 at once1 to y\? & vigor40 ,sir ,em]son ,t5n5t1 :o wrote ab\t #ahfj1 says ( x3 8,! ,bo-tree ( ,anurdha-pura is1 9 all probability1 ! olde/ hi/orical tree 9 ! _w4 ,x 0 plant$ #bhh ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 & h5ce is n[ #b1adg ye>s old4 ,ages v>y+ f "o to f\r ?\s& ye>s h be5 assign$ to ! ,baobabs ( ,s5egal1 ! ,eucalyptus ( ,tasmania1 ! ,dragon-tree ( ,orotava1 ! ,sequoia ( ,cali=nia1 & ! *e/nut ( ,m\nt ,etna4 ,b all ^! e/imates are matt]s ( conjecture1 & su* calculations1 h[ev] +5i\s1 mu/ be purely inf]5tial4 ,:]eas ! age ( ! ,bo-tree is matt] ( record1 its cons]vancy has be5 an object ( solicitude to successive dyna/ies1 & ! /ory ( its vicissitudes has be5 pres]v$ 9 a s]ies ( cont9u\s *ronicles1 among ! mo/ au!ntic t h be5 h&$ d[n to mank9d4 ,comp>$ ) x1 ! ,oak ( ,ell]slie is b a sapl+1 & ! ,conqu]or's ,oak 9 ,w9dsor ,=e/ b>ely numb]s half its ye>s4 ,! yew trees ( ,f\nta9's ,abbey are believ$ to h fl\ri%$ !re #a1bjj ye>s ago2 ! olives 9 ! ,g>d5 ( ,ge?semane 7 full gr[n :5 ! ,s>ac5s 7 expell$ f ,j]usalem2 & ! ,cypress ( ,s5na1 9 ,lomb>dy1 is said to h be5 a tree 9 ! "t ( ,julius ,cs>2 yet ! ,bo-tree is old] ?an ! olde/ ( ^! by a c5tury1 & w\ld almo/ seem to v]ify ! prophecy pron\nc$ :5 x 0 plant$1 t x w\ld fl\ri% & be gre5 =ev]40 ,to :i* ,rhys-,david adds3 8,! tree c\ld sc>cely h liv$ s long _h x n be5 = ! con/ant c>e ( ! monks4 ,z x %[$ signs ( decay t]races 7 built up ar\nd x1 s t x n[ gr[s m ?an tw5ty feet above ! surr\nd+ soil2 = ! tree be+ ( ! fig species--its botanical "n is ficus religiosa--its liv+ bran*es c\ld !n ?r[ out fre% roots4 ,:]e its long arms spread beyond ! inclosure1 rude pill>s ( iron or masonry h be5 us$ to prop !m up2 & x is c>efully wat]$ 9 seasons ( dr\ght4 ,! :ole aspect ( ! tree & its inclosure be> evid5t signs ( extreme age2 b we c\ld n be sure ( its id5tity 7 x n = ! complete *a9 ( docum5t>y evid5ce :i* has be5 s well br\ght toge!r by ,sir ,em]son ,t5n5t40 ,,r$uc+ ,,! ,,tripitaka ,,to ,,writ+4 ,9 ! ye> #hh ,b4,c4 7,buddhism _h long be=e ?is become ! religion ( ! :ole ( ?is great isl&71 ! k+ built ! l>ge/ ,dagaba 9 ,ceylon1 #bej feet 9 height4 ,x 0 at ?is "t t ! :ole ( ! ,?ree ,pitakas 7 r$uc$ to writ+4 ,?is 0 #ccj ye>s aft] ,gautama's dea?4 ,! ,ceylonese hi/ory says3 8,! wise monks ( =m] days h&$ d[n by ^w ( m\? ,! text ( ! ,?ree ,pitakas1 & ! ,comm5t>y ^u !m3 ,see+ ! de/ruction ( m51 ! monks ( ?is "t assembl$1 ,&1 t ! ,fai? might la/ long1 !y wrote !m 9 books40 ,?is has m significance ?an is at fir/ app>5t to a ,european accu/om$ to believe t books c only be pres]v$ by writ+4 ,! ,h9dus believe j ! opposite4 ,ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 if all copies ( ! ,v$as 7 de/roy$1 ! ,v$as w\ld /ill be pres]v$ 9 ! memory ( ! prie/s1 z !y h be5 = c]ta9ly m ?an #c1jjj ye>s2 & ^? prie/s look ^u ! ,v$a1 ?us au!nticat$1 z ! te/ to :i* all pr9t$ or writt5 copies mu/ give way4 ,if y dep5d ^u writt5 copies1 !y w\ld argue1 y are sure to make & to p]petuate mi/akes2 b ! text1 z h&$ d[n by ^w ( m\?1 is pres]v$1 n only by be+ itself con/antly repeat$1 b by ! assi/ance ( ! comm5t>ies1 9 :i* e ^w ( ! text is c>efully en%r9$4 ,s long z reliance c be plac$ on ! succession ( tea*]s & pupils1 ?is argum5t may n be s f> f wrong2 b :5 a text has to be pres]v$ 9 a small c\ntry1 liable to be ov]run by p]secut+ enemies1 ! condition ( ?+s is *ang$1 & x becomes necess>y to pres]ve x also 9 writ+4 ,mah9da c\ld h writt5 ! texts1 _h he s *os54 ,we "k t ! squ>e alphabet :i* ,asoka us$ 0 at lea/ kn[n 9 ,ceylon1 if x did n orig9ate !re4 ,t he did n *oose to d s1 ought to ?r[ no d\bt ^u ! id5tity ( ! exi/+ v]sion ( ! text ) t :i* he br\ght to ,ceylon4 ,illu/ration3 ,,devil-,,danc]s' ,,mask ,,f ,,ceylon4 ,drawn f a ,mask n[ 9 ! ,mission>y ,h\se ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,?is mask repres5ts "o :o be+ a k+'s son & fall+ into awful s9 0 doom$ 9 8 next transmigration to be a demon4 ,9 cases ( s]i\s illness ! ,ceylonese invoke ?is demon1 ! 8devil-prie/0 we>+ ! mask4 ,,buddhagho%a ,,9 ,,ceylon4 ,buddhagho%a1 ! fam\s monk1 0 born ne> ! ,bo-tree4 ,he came to ,ceylon 9 #dcj ,a4,d4 ,he wrote a cyclopdia ( ,buddhi/ doctr9e1 & 0 readily accept$ z a tea*] by ! ,sangha ( ,ceylon4 ,he wrote out ! ,buddhi/ comm5t>ies 9 ! ,pali language1 & ^? t _h be5 made 9 ! ,ceylonese language1 ab\t #fjj ye>s be=e 7 completely lo/ ?r\gh disuse4 ,f ,ceylon he w5t to ,burmah 9 #dej ,a4,d4 ,he left an indelible impression on ! ,buddhism ( ,ceylon1 & ?r\gh x on ! ,buddhism ( ! :ole ( ,s\!rn ,asia4 ,( ! writ+s ( ?is di/+ui%$ tea*] we h be=e spok54 ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,temple ,,9 ,,ceylon4 ,! ,buddhi/ temples /& 9 ! mo/ beautiful situations4 ,wav+ cocoanut palms1 broad-leav$ bread-fruit trees1 fl[]+ %rubs1 ) sweet-sc5t$ blossoms1 surr\nd ! temple c\rt1 & a/oni% ! visitor by _! lovel9ess4 ,b ent] ! c\rt & :at a contra/6 ,:at d we see8 ,a long n>r[ room1 ) no light b :at /ruggles 9 ?r\gh ! door1 or sometimes arises f a few dim oil-lamps2 a %elf runn+ f end to end ( x2 a huge image ( pa9t$ clay1 m ?an =ty feet long1 ly+ /ret*$ ^u ! %elf1 ) fix$ />+ eyes1 z if q unconc]n$ ) all ?+s r\nd ab\t2 & a heavy1 oppressive smell ( smok+ lamps & dead fl[]s1 t h be5 (f]$ to ! image1 rem9d+ "o /rongly ( ! spiritual dea? & d>kness ( ! bl9d wor%ip]s4 ,su* are ! places ( wor%ip ( ! "o & a half millions ( ,buddhi/s 9 ,ceylon4 ,surr\nd$ by ! mo/ luxuriant beauties ( ! natural _w1 religi\sly !y are 9 d>kness4 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,buddha',s ,,too?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,buddhi/ ,,temple ,,9 ,,! ,,isl& ,,( ,,ceylon4 ,!re is a fe/ival :i* takes place e ye> 9 ,k&y1 ! *ief city ( ! c5tral prov9ce ( ,ceylon & ! anci5t resid5ce ( its native k+s4 ,9 a ,buddhi/ temple at ,k&y !re is a l>ge too?1 :i* f its %ape & appe>ance1 seems to be ! too? ( a baboon1 b :i* is call$ ,buddha's too?1 & is believ$ to h be5 su* by a l>ge numb] ( ! p ( ,ceylon4 ,?is is exhibit$ ) great pomp & a gorge\s procession once a ye> be=e va/ cr[ds1 :o come to wor%ip x4 ,religi\s embassies come f ,siam1 & ev5 f ,?ibet to be pres5t at ?is great fe/ival ( ,buddhism4 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,ceylonese ,,books4 ,!re are ?ree books reg>d$ z sacr$ by ! ,buddhi/s ( ,ceylon4 ,! fir/1 call$ ! ,mahavanso1 is ! mo/ highly v5]at$4 ,x has be5 v c>efully h&$ d[n & ! anci5t & mod]n copies v>y b a v little4 ,x conta9s 8,! ,doctr9e1 ,race & ,l9eage ( ,buddha10 & ! au!ntic annals ( ,ceylonese ,buddhism4 ,! second1 call$ ! ,raj>atnac>i1 0 writt5 by a prie/4 ,x conta9s a hi/ory ( ,buddha1 extracts f ! mo/ anci5t books1 records ( ! erection ( temples1 & ! hi/ory ( ! k+s f #edj ,b4,c4 d[n to mod]n times4 ,! ?ird1 call$ ! ,rajavali1 is ! "w ( diff]5t h&s1 & completes ! o!r books4 ,x n>rates ! hi/ory ( ,ceylon f ! com+ ( ! ,dut* to ,ceylon d[n to ! "t :5 !y expell$ ! ,portuguese & ga9$ possession ( ,colombo4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,buddha',s ,,too? ,,at ,,k&y1 ,,ceylon4 ,,*apt] ,,xxx4 ,,burmah4 ,on ! pagoda spire1 ,! bells are sw++1 ,_! little gold5 circlet 9 a flutt]1 ,) tales ! woo+ w9ds h d>$ to utt]1 ,till all are r++1 ,z if a *oir ,( gold5-ne/$ birds 9 heav5 7 s++2 ,& ) a lull+ s\nd1 ,! music floats ar\nd1 ,& drops l balm into ! dr[sy e>4 ,,mrs4 ,,emily ,c4 ,,judson4 ,! e>ly religion ( ! ,burmese 0 ,%amanism2 ! belief 9 evil spirits & ! necessity ( w>d+ (f _! hurtful influ5ce by ! use ( *>ms & amulets4 ,buddhism has tak5 ! place ( ?is degrad+ sy/em among ! ,burmese4 ,besides ! ,burmese !re are o!r peoples 9 ,burmah2 ! ,k>5s1 ( ^: religion we h already spok51 ! ,%ans1 :o are ,buddhi/s1 & ! ,mns :o adh]e /ill to ! old practice ( ,%amanism4 ,! old evil-_s wor%ip ( ! ,burmese & ,%ans /ill rema9s to "s ext5t 9 ! ,nat wor%ip4 ,j :5 ,buddhism 0 introduc$ into ,burmah is a little unc]ta94 ,dr4 ,francis ,mason1 an ,am]ican mission>y1 9 8 "w on ,burmah speaks z foll[s1 & z ! :ole extract is an excell5t acc\nt ( ! introduction ( ,buddhism & a summ>y ( its doctr9es1 we pres5t x entire3 8,?ree hundr$ ye>s be=e ,alex&ria 0 f\nd$2 ab\t ! "t t ,?ales1 ! mo/ anci5t philosoph] ( ,europe1 0 tea*+ 9 ,greece t wat] is ! orig9 ( all ?+s1 ! s\l ( ! _w2 & ,zoroa/]1 9 ,m$ia or ,p]sia1 0 sy/ematiz+ ! fire-wor%ip ( ! ,magi2 & ,confucius 9 ,*9a 0 call+ on ! teem+ multitudes ar\nd him to (f] to gu>dian spirits & ! ,manes ( _! ance/ors2 & ,nebu*adnezz> set up 8 gold5 image 9 ! pla9 ( ,dura1 & ,daniel 0 labor+ 9 ,babylon to e/abli% ! wor%ip ( ! true ,god2 a rev]5d sage1 ) 8 /aff & scrip1 :o _h left a ?rone = philosophy1 0 travel+ f ,gaya to ,b5>es1 & f ,b5>es to ,kan\j1 exhort+ ! p aga9/ !ft1 falsehood1 adult]y1 kill+ & intemp]ance4 ,no temp]ance lectur] advocates teetotalism n[ m /rongly ?an did ?is sage ,gautama tw5ty-?ree c5turies ago4 ,nor did he conf9e 8 in/ructions to ext]nal vices4 ,pride1 ang]1 lu/1 envy & covet\sness 7 condemn$ by him 9 z /rong t]ms z are ev] he>d f ! ,*ri/ian pulpit4 ,love1 m]cy1 pati5ce1 self-d5ial1 alms-giv+1 tru? & ! cultivation ( wisdom he requir$ ( all4 ,good actions1 good words & good ?\ghts 7 ! frequ5t subjects ( 8 s]mons1 & he 0 unceas+ 9 8 cautions to keep ! m9d free f ! turmoils ( passion & ! c>es ( life4 ,imm$iately aft] ! dea? ( ?is v5]able p]ipatetic1 8 disciples scatt]$ !mselves abroad to propagate ! doctr9es ( _! ma/]1 & tradition says "o p>ty ent]$ ! pr9cipal m\? ( ! ,irrawaddy1 :]e !y trac$ its banks to :]e ! fir/ rocks lift !mselves abruptly above ! flats ar\nd4 ,"h on ! summit ( ?is lat]ite l$ge1 #afj feet above ! riv]1 !y erect$ ! /&>d ( ,buddhism1 :i* n[ lifts its spire to ! heav5s high] ?an ! dome ( ,/4 ,paul's40 ,b !re is an entire abs5ce ( any hi/orical confirmation ( ^! traditions1 & we h no def9ite in=mation ( ! com+ ( ,buddhism to ,burmah until ,buddhagho%a br\ght x ab\t #dej ,a4,d4 ,burmese ,buddhism be>s a v close resemblance to t ( ,ceylon4 ,z we h already discuss$ ! pr9ciples ( ,buddhism 9 g5]al1 we %all pass to notice m p>ticul>ly ! temples1 idols1 fe/ivals & wor%ip ( ,burmah4 ,a good idea ( ,burmese ,buddhism c be obta9$ f a visit to its ,gr& ,%way-da-,gong ,pagoda4 ,,! ,,%way-,,da-,,gong ,,pagoda4 ,! ,mecca ( ,s\!rn ,buddhism is ! great pagoda1 at ,rangoon4 ,?is ! l>ge/ build+ ( ! k9d 9 ,burmah1 &1 p]haps1 also 9 ! _w4 ,x is situat$ ab\t a mile f ! city1 on a rocky l$ge1 p]haps #ajj feet high1 ov]look+ ! valley ( ! ,irrawaddy & ! city ( ,rangoon4 ,! entrance is gu>d$ by two huge griff9s ( brick & mort>4 ,pass+ on betwe5 r[s ( long1 n>r[ %$s1 beautifully c>v$ & gaudily pa9t$1 & aft] climb+ a /aircase1 "o /&s ^u an imm5se /one t]race1 ^u :i* ! pagoda itself /&s4 ,! t]race is ne>ly #a1jjj feet squ>e4 ,! pagoda tap]s upw>ds to a height ( #cjj feet1 & t]m9ates 9 a h'tee4 ,! pagoda is r\nd 9 %ape1 & solid ?r\gh\t4 ,x is built ( bricks1 &1 unlike ! ,pyramids ( ,egypt1 !re is no *amb] 9 its int]ior1 no?+ b ! casket conta9+ ! /aff ( ,kan?a?on1 ! wat]-dipp] ( ,gaunagon1 a g>m5t ( ,ka?apa & ! eight hairs ( ,gautama4 ,! :ole ( ! ext]ior is cov]$ ) gold-leaf1 pres5t+ a dazzl+ appe>ance1 z x reflects ! rays ( ! sun4 ,! h'tee on ! top--! umbrella-%ap$ f9ial--is made ( a s]ies ( gild$ iron r+s1 f :i* hang a great _m little silv] & brass bells1 :i* are swung & rung by ! w9d4 ,n long ago1 ! fa!r ( ! pres5t ,k+ ( ,burmah plac$ a new h'tee ^u ! pagoda4 ,x co/ him ab\t #cjj1jjj4 ,! frame 0 made ( sev5 gild$ iron r+s1 ! l>ge/ ( :i* 0 twelve feet 9 diamet]1 & ! re/ small] & small]4 ,ea* r+ 0 /udd$ ) gems4 ,at ! v top 0 a l>ge em]ald4 ,?is h'tee 0 br\ght to a l&+-place ab\t two miles f ! pagodas4 ,! road ov] :i* x 0 to come 0 cov]$ ) :ite clo? by a dev\t m]*ant4 ,! pagoda 0 cov]$ ) a frame-"w ( bamboo1 :i* made x easy to asc5d to its top4 ,weeks ( religi\s fe/ivities 7 held1 dur+ :i* ! wor%ip]s p\r$ _! gold1 & silv]1 & preci\s /ones into ! pagoda's treasury4 ,on ! day appo9t$1 ! old h'tee 0 remov$1 & ! new "o hoi/$ r+ by r+ to its place4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%way-,,da-,,gong1 ,,! ,,great ,,pagoda ,,( ,,rangoon1 ,,burmah4 ,,x ,,conta9s ,,relics ,,( ,,buddha4 ,,! ,,ext]ior ,,is ,,cov]$ ,,) ,,gilt4 ,,! ,,entrances ,,are ,,gu>d$ ,,by ,,griff9s4 ,)9 ! pagoda inclosure !re are _m temples1 mo/ conta9+ huge images ( ,gautama1 made ( wood1 brick & lime1 or m>ble & metal4 ,on small tables1 9 front ( _m ( ! images1 are plac$ c&les1 fl[]s & little pap] flags4 ,ar\nd ! pagoda tall poles are plac$ at %ort int]vals1 ea* cr[n$ ) a h'tee4 ,ne> ! pagoda is a great bell1 "u :i* a man may /& upright4 ,! wor%ip]s /rike ^u ?is bell1 to attract ! att5tion ( ! record+ angels1 s t !y may n omit to cr$it !m ) ! wor%ip ab\t to be p]=m$ 9 honor ( ! gods4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,%way-,,da-,,gong4 ,two bro!rs1 said 9 ! native books to h be5 ,mns or ,tala+s1 hav+ made an (f]+ to ,gautama1 begg$ 9 return "s relic ( himself1 on :i* he /rok$ 8 head1 & gave !m eight hairs t came out4 ,^! he desir$ !m to deposit 9 a pagoda 9 a spot :]e _h already be5 buri$ c]ta9 relics ( 8 ?ree great pr$ecessors4 ,!y accord+ly />t$ ) !m = 8,suv>na-bhumi10 ! ,sanskrit "n ( ,pegu1 b on ! way lo/ six ( ! hairs4 ,h[ev]1 !y 7 recov]$ 9 a miracul\s mann]1 & ! holy site po9t$ out to !m by ! ,nats4 ,"h1 on digg+1 ! relics ( ! =m] ,buddhas--viz41 a wat]-scoop ( ,gaunagon1 a robe ( ,ka?apa1 & a /aff ( ,kan?a?on1--7 f\nd1 & ^!1 toge!r ) ! eight hairs ( ,gautama1 7 deposit$ 9 a hole on ! top ( ! hill on :i* 8,%way-da-,gong0 n[ /&s1 & a solid pagoda ( /ones1 sixty-six feet high 0 erect$4 ,?is pagoda is ?us specially sacr$ to all ,buddhi/s1 z ! only "o kn[n to !m z n[ exi/+1 :i* is suppos$ to conta9 ! relics n only ( ,gautama1 b also ( all ! ,buddhas ( ?is pres5t _w4 ,at ! "t ( its erection1 & = c5turies aft]w>ds1 no t[n exi/$ on ! site ( ,rangoon1 & ! pagoda /ood1 l _m o!rs at ! pres5t day1 9 ! mid/ ( ! wild =e/4 ,! hi/ory ( ! pagoda1 :i* is r a long "o1 conta9s detail$ p>ticul>s ( ! v>i\s improvem5ts1 repairs & enl>gem5ts made to x by v>i\s k+s4 ,! edifice has be5 cas$ sev]al times 7z 0 also ! cu/om ) ! ,ceylon dagabas7 ) a fre% out] surr\nd+ ( bricks sev]al feet ?ick1 ?us ea* "t increas+ its height & size4 ,?us1 9 ,a4,d4 #addg1 ! ,k+ ( ,pegu encas$ x afre%1 & made its height #cja feet4 ,9 #adfb1 ! ,k+ ( ,pegu ca/1 x is said1 a colossal bell1 #afh feet high1 #ab feet 9 diamet] & #cf feet 9 circumf]5ce2 also sev]al o!r small] bells1 & pav$ ! plat=m or t]race ( ! pagoda ) #ej1jjj flat /ones4 ,?is wond]ful bell1 x is p]haps unnecess>y to say1 is n 9 exi/5ce at ! pres5t "t4 ,,o!r ,,pagodas4 ,besides ! ,%way-da-,gong ,pagoda1 !re is a ho/ ( less] ones4 ,! erection ( pagodas is g5]ally a "w ( m]it4 ,x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ^! are nev] temples1 b simply relic-h\ses4 ,!re are temples & mona/]ies gr\p$ ar\nd !m4 ,at "o place is ! 8,sev5 ,pagodas10 built on ! spot :]e ,gautama--:51 9 ! c\rse ( 8 transmigrations1 8 s\l inhabit$ ! body ( a roo/]--is said to h scrat*$ = 8 breakfa/4 ,aga91 !re are o!rs built :]e ,gautama has left ! impr9t ( 8 foot/eps4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sacr$ ,,g>d5s ,,atta*$ ,,to ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,temple4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pagoda ,,at ,,maulma91 ,,burmah4 ,,little ,,bells ,,susp5d$ ,,f ,,its ,,summit ,,sw+ ,,9 ,,! ,,w9d4 ,!re are a great _m traditions told 9 reg>d to ! build+ ( ^! pagodas4 ,"o leg5d runs ?us3 ,a c]ta9 h]mit1 hav+ receiv$ "o ( ! hairs ( ! ,"l1 w&]$ ab\t se>*+ = a suitable spot :]e to en%r9e x4 ,9 ! mean:ile he rev]5tly c>ri$ ! sacr$ relic on 8 head4 ,aft] "s "t he arriv$ on ! summit ( ?is m\nta91 & deposit$ ! holy hair 9 ! cleft ( ! rock1 & erect$ ! pagoda on ! great b\ld]4 ,f ?is leg5d is d]iv$ ! "n 8,kyeik-e!l-yh10 mean+ 8! object ( wor%ip borne on ! head ( ! h]mit40 ,?is b\ld] is m ?an half hang+ ov] ! p]p5dicul> face ( a cliff4 ,h[ x holds its position x is inde$ difficult to say1 z x lies beyond ! l9e ( ! c5tre ( gravity4 ,! b\ld] is ?irty feet high1 & ! pagoda fifte5 feet4 ,ano!r leg5d is z foll[s3 ,two m]*ants jo9$ toge!r & built a small pagoda1 two feet high4 ,! next morn+1 :5 !y w5t to pay _! homage at ?is %r9e1 !y f\nd ! pagoda _h increas$ to d\ble _! "w2 s1 tak+ ?is z a sign t ! ,nats approv$ ( _! (f]+1 !y cont9u$ to enl>ge ?is pile ( brick2 !y work+ by day & ! unse5 p[] by night4 ,x n[ measures m ?an ?ree hundr$ feet high4 ,!y h also a /one1 :i* !y call an impression ( ,gautama's foot4 ,"s ( ^! /ones are six feet long1 & cov]$ ) /range figures suppos$ to express _! religi\s ideas4 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,nats4 ,! adoration & dread ( ,nats ent]s into all ! life & leg5ds ( ! ,burmese4 ,^! ,nats are spirits1 bo? good & evil4 ,(f]+s are pres5t$ & c]emonies p]=m$ to obta9 favors & advantages f ! good1 & to propitiate ! evil ,nats4 ,! wor%ip ( ,nats is intimately relat$ to ! old wor%ip ( spirits be=e ,buddhism came to ,burmah4 ,! ,nats are suppos$ to live 9 ! six l[] heav5s1 beyond ! moon4 ,!y are able to transport !mselves ) ! utmo/ rapidity to & ab\t our _w4 ,!y are believ$ to int]f]e 9 ! affairs ( man1 ev5 m ?an ! gods4 ,!y correspond to ! g5ii ( ! ,arabian ,nights' ,ent]ta9m5t1 to ! fairies & elf9s ( ,brita9 9 old5 times1 ) p]haps ! add$ ideas ( angels & devils4 ,! /ory ( ,k+ ,tek?a1 :i* foll[s1 w probably give a m correct impression ( ! ,burmese notions ( ! ,nats ?an any description c\ld imp>t4 ,?is is b a s+le specim5 ( a great _m su* /ories :i* are /ill curr5t among ! ,burmese3 ,a ,,nat ,,/ory4 ,once ^u a "t1 !re liv$1 9 ,burmah1 a k+ nam$ ,tek?a4 ,! k+s t 7 be=e him _h be5 dev\t wor%ip]s ( ,gautama1 & _h li/5$ to :at _! tea*]s & prie/s taught !m4 ,b ,tek?a did n believe 9 ,gautama1 b li/5$ to /range tea*]s1 :o taught him t ev]y?+ 0 ,god4 ,he w\ld n he> ! ,buddhi/ books1 nor wor%ip ! relics nor ! images4 ,m ?an ?is1 in/ead ( behav+ rev]5tly to ! prie/s1 he de/roy$ _! temples1 & ?rew ! idols into ! wat]4 ,he =bade 8 subjects also to wor%ip ,gautama1 & ?reat5$ t if !y did !y %\ld be sev]ely puni%$4 ,! p 7 9 dismay4 ,x 0 ( no use = ! prie/s to c>ry r\nd _! rice-pots2 no "o d>$ (f] !m food2 ! temples & pagodas 7 fall+ into ru9s1 & ! images ( ,gautama 7 ly+ 9 ! wat]1 spoilt & decay+4 ,:at w\ld be ! consequ5ce ( ?is t]rible treatm5t ( _! god8 ,! p 7 afraid ( ! puni%m5t ) :i* ! k+ ?reat5$ !m if !y wor%ip$ ,gautama2 !y fe>$ ! evils :i* ! great spirits1 ! ,nats1 might br+ ^u !m if !y did n4 ,b a few ( ! p w\ld n give up ! wor%ip to :i* !y _h be5 s long accu/om$2 & among ^? :o /ill 9 secret held to ! old fai? 0 a girl1 twelve ye>s ( age1 & h] "m4 ,i d n "k ! girl's "n2 b1 said %e1 8,! k+ has ?r[n ! idols into ! wat] because he is afraid ( !m40 ,?is 0 consid]$ a v bold spee*4 ,affairs cont9u$ 9 ?is /ate = f\r ye>s4 ,:5 ! girl 0 sixte51 %e happ5$ "o day to be ba?+ 9 a tank ) a numb] ( h] companions1 &1 :ile amus+ h]self 9 ! wat]1 %e saw an idol ly+ ne>4 ,%e ord]$ h] att5dants to lift x out & c>ry x to a zayat1 or re/-h\se1 t 0 at h&4 ,!y rem9d$ h] t %e w\ld c]ta9ly be put to dea? = m$dl+ ) x2 b %e 0 v det]m9$1 & decl>$ t %e w\ld wor%ip t image z long z %e liv$4 ,x 0 accord+ly lift$ out ( ! wat]1 wa%$ & c>ri$ into ! zayat4 ,a report ( :at _h be5 done 0 imm$iately tak5 to ! k+1 & y c imag9e h[ enrag$ he 04 ,he ord]$ 8 s]vants to take a fi]ce elephant1 & make ! savage animal trample ?is bold "y woman to dea?1 ?us mak+ a t]rible example ( h] case4 ,b x 0 n s easy to d ?is4 ,! sev5 pr9cipal ,nats1 :o _h be5 greatly displeas$ by ! k+'s wick$ness1 came to ! def5se ( ! girl4 ,^! sev5 71 ! ,nat ( ! univ]se1 ! ,nat ( ! e>?1 ! ,nat ( ! trees1 ! ,nat ( ! air1 ! ,nat ( ! cities1 ! ,nat ( ! villages & ! ,nat ( ! :ite umbrella4 ,! elephant 0 br\ght1 b he did n t\* ! girl2 he 0 beat5 & goad$1 b x 0 ( no avail2 he w\ld n lift up a foot aga9/ h]1 & in/ead ( be+ angry only grew fright5$1 & tri$ to run away f h] )\t h>m+ h] 9 ! lea/4 ,:5 ! k+ he>d t %e c\ld n be put to dea? ?is way1 he ord]$ a quantity ( dry /raw to be collect$1 ! girl plac$ 9 ! mid/ ( x1 & s be burnt to dea?4 ,! /raw 0 br\ght1 %e 0 put 9 ! middle1 b no numb] ( tor*es1 no quantity ( fire w\ld make x burn4 ,! ,nats 7 !re1 & !y w\ld n all[ h] to be put to dea?4 ,!n ! k+ s5t = h] to 8 palace4 ,he 0 surpris$ z well z angry n[1 & 0 wond]+ :e!r he might n possibly h be5 wrong 9 =sak+ ! gods ( 8 =efa!rs4 8,if ! image :i* y h d>$ to take f ! wat]10 said he1 8w come ?r\gh ! air into my pres5ce1 & ,i see x1 y\r life %all be sp>$2 b if n1 y %all be cut into sev5 pieces40 ,! "y woman ask$ p]mission to return = a %ort "t to ! zayat4 ,h] reque/ 0 grant$1 & !re %e w5t & pray$ v e>ne/ly t ! image might be c>ri$ into ! k+'s pres5ce4 ,&1 lo6 n only "o1 b eight images1 & ! "y woman h]self ) h] att5dants1 7 imm$iately tak5 up by ! ,nats1 convey$ ?r\gh ! air1 & put d[n be=e ! k+ & 8 pr9cipal que51 8 comm&]-9-*ief1 8 (fic]s1 & a multitude ( p4 ,h[ !y all %\t$ & wond]$6 8,n[10 said ! girl1 turn+ to ! k+1 8n[ t ! image ( my god & tea*] has fl[n to y1 w y ord] ! tea*]s f :om y h le>n$ ?is false religion to m\nt up also & fly ?r\gh ! air80 ,! k+ ord]$ !m to d s1 b1 ( c\rse1 x 0 9 va92 !y c\ld n fly4 ,he 0 n[ conv9c$ t ! religion ( ,gautama 0 ! true religion2 he compell$ ! false tea*]s to leave ! c\ntry2 ! temples1 & images1 & pagodas 7 re/or$2 ?is wond]ful "y woman he m>ri$1 & made "o ( 8 pr9cipal que5s2 & ,k+ ,tek?a 0 = ! rema9d] ( 8 life a devot$ ,buddhi/4 ,! fi%]m5 make a small %$1 t]m$ a ,nts91 ne> _! fi%]y1 9 :i* e morn+ (f]+s ( fruit1 leaves1 rice1 or "s su* tribute is plac$2 if ?is 7 n done1 !y say ! ,nat w\ld de/roy ! fi%4 ,a man go+ a j\rney ?r\gh a =e/1 comes to a l>ge & conspicu\s tree2 he halts1 plucks a few leaves ne> or p]haps takes a little boil$ rice out ( 8 bag1 & places !m z an (f]+ to ! ,nat ( ! tree4 ,9 a boat-race a prelim9>y r[ ov] ! c\rse is always tak51 a man 9 ! pr[ hold+ 9 8 ext5d$ arms a tray or bas9 conta9+ a cocoanut1 bun* ( planta9s1 betel leaves1 etc41 z an oblation to ! ,nats ( ! /ream to insure _! caus+ no accid5t to ! boat 9 ! race4 ,,sup]/itions ,,( ,,! ,,burmese4 ,! p h great fai? 9 om5s4 ,to meet a fun]al1 or a p]son cry+1 :5 />t+ on a j\rney1 is unlucky1 & ! j\rney %\ld be po/pon$4 ,a snake cross+ ! road %[s t ! j\rney w be long4 ,to meet ) mu%rooms =etells a prosp]\s j\rney4 ,any unusual wild animal or bird ent]+ a h\se is a sign ( great honor = ! own]4 ,! e>?-heaps ?r[n up by ! :ite ants1 if "u a h\se1 w br+ weal? to ! occupi]4 ,! it*+ ( ! palms ( ! h& is a sign t "s money w soon come into !m4 ,9 almo/ e baza>1 & at all l>ge ga!r+s ( p1 w be f\nd "o or two old m5 sitt+ ) a slate or a ,burman writ+-bo>d be=e !m1 invit+ ! pass]s-by to h _! horoscope ca/1 & ! be/ educat$ & mo/ enlight5$ native (ficials w1 9 any difficulty or tr\ble1 s5d = "o ( ^! div9]s to consult ! fates4 ,"o or two lucky hits w1 ( c\rse1 raise any special prophet's reputation ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 & give him abundant bus9ess4 ,,! ,,fun]al ,,( ,a ,,pongyee1 ,,or ,,monk4 ,z soon z a pongyee has expir$1 ! body is rev]5tly wa%$ by ! eld]s1 :o 7 8 support]s4 ,! body is !n op5$1 ! visc]a extract$1 & buri$ any:]e )\t c]emony4 ,! cavity ( ! abdom5 is fill$ ) hot a%es & v>i\s pres]vative sub/ances4 ,long swa!s ( :ite cotton-clo? are wrapp$ z tightly z possible r\nd ! corpse f head to foot1 ov] :i* are plac$ ! yell[ robes ( ! ord]4 ,ano!r co>s] wrapp+ ( cotton-clo? is tightly w\nd ov] ?is1 & !n ?ickly cov]$ ) black v>ni%1 on :i* gold leaf is appli$1 s t ! :ole is gilt4 ,a c(f9 is prep>$ f a s+le log1 holl[$ out1 :i* _m old pongyees keep 9 _! mona/]ies ready = _! demise4 ,! body1 hav+ be5 plac$ 9 ?is1 is left = "s weeks to dry up1 = mo/ ( su* v5]able & ag$ recluses are little m ?an a frame-"w ( bones1 cov]$ ) a )]$ sk94 ,! cov] is at l5g? nail$ on2 ! c(f9 is ?ickly cov]$ ) a res9\s v>ni% & gilt4 ,x is tempor>ily laid 9 /ate 9 ! mona/]y1 on a high dais1 ornam5t$ ) t9sel1 gild+ & pap] lace1 surm\nt$ by a :ite umbrella1 or canopy ( musl91 & is con/antly visit$ by pilgrims f ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 :o make _! obeisance & pres5t (f]+s ( fl[]s1 etc41 to x4 ,z soon z suffici5t funds h be5 collect$1 a build+1 call$ ,nibban ,ky5g 7t is1 ,mona/]y ( ! ,dead71 is erect$ = ! reception ( ! body4 ,) obscure & inf]ior monks ?is is only made ( bamboos & ?at*2 b ) a di/+ui%$ & v5]at$ monk x is a sub/antial /ructure1 ) l>ge1 h&some pill>s ( iron-wood or teak1 ro($ ) %+les4 ,?is is op5 all ar\nd1 or is only surr\nd$ by a rail+ to keep out animals4 ,9 ! c5tre1 )9 a high s>cophagus1 ri*ly b rudely adorn$ ) gild+1 glass1 mosaic "w & pa9t+1 is en%r9$ ! c(f91 to await1 p]haps1 = f\r ye>s ! f9al fun]al rites4 ,at l5g?1 ! "t ( wait+ has pass$2 ! prep>ations are complete2 a =tunate day has be5 fix$ ^u1 & = weeks previ\s1 ! t[n :]e ! c]emony is to take place1 & all ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 has be5 a/ir ) ! arrangem5ts = & expectation ( ! great ev5t4 ,! c(f9 is plac$ on a gigantic c>1 solidly con/ruct$1 & ) f\r heavy solid wood5 :eels1 surm\nt$ ) a canopy simil> 9 =m & con/ruction to t cr[n+ ! fun]al pyre4 ,?is l(ty turret is drawn along by hundr$s ( m51 & plac$ 9 ! c5tre ( ! pla94 ,! next day1 ! fun beg9s4 ,two great ropes ( twi/$ canes1 or coirs1 are fa/5$ to ! fun]al c> 9 front & beh9d1 long en\gh = a hundr$ p to hold on to ea* & to pull ea* way4 ,! p gr\p !mselves ab\t ei!r rope z !y belong to "o or o!r ( two neighbor+ villages4 ,!n comes a tug1 ea* try+ to pull ! c> away f ! o!r4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fun]al ,,procession ,,( ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,prie/4 ,on ! night be=e ! la/ day ( ! fe/ival1 ! c(f9 is remov$ f ! c> & plac$ on ! fun]al pyre1 on an iron grat+1 "u :i* is a quantity ( wood1 made m combu/ible by ! use ( oil1 res9 & ! l1 mix$ ) fragrant woods4 ,e>ly on ! day appo9t$ = ! burn+ ( ! pongyee's body1 p>ties come f ! diff]5t villages1 br++ rude rockets ( e size4 ,"s are a foot long & an in* 9 calibre2 o!rs are mon/]s1 n9e & twelve feet 9 l5g?1 & h a bore ( six to n9e in*es diamet]4 ,all are cramm$ to ! muzzles ) gunp[d]1 ! tubes be+ holl[$ logs ( wood /rongly b\nd ) cane4 ,! l>g] ones are plac$ on rude c>s ) f\r :eels1 :ile ! smalle/ are hung on long guid+ l9es ( cane1 or rope1 fa/5$ at "o end to a /rong po/1 & at ! o!r to "s po9t ( ! fun]al pyre4 ,! object is to /rike ! pyre ) ! rocket1 & fire ! combu/ibles plac$ inside4 ,happy w be ! village :i* owns ! =tunate rocket1 & great _! prosp]ity dur+ ! ensu+ ye>4 ,all be+ ready1 m5 ( ea* village are all[$ to g up 9 rotation & dis*>ge _! weapon4 ,! smoke1 ! flame1 ! ro> is trem5d\s1 to ! int5se delight ( ! %\t+ cr[d4 ,"o at l5g? /rikes z x seems ) full p[]3 a pause1 a little smoke1 !n a little flame issues f "o corn] ( ! pyre1 & a %\t f ?\s&s ( ?roats proclaims ! auspici\s ev5t4 ,! cr[d ru%es =w>d1 fire is c>efully appli$ to ! mass ( combu/ibles "u & ar\nd ! c(f91 & soon ! :ole is 9 a blaze4 ,! p wat* r\nd1 giv+ a *e] z ea* small p9nacle falls 91 & wait1 anxi\sly look+ = ! l(ty canopy itself to topple ov] into ! flames4 ,?is ev5t is greet$ ) a trem5d\s %\t1 & !n all disp]se homew>ds1 happy & m]ry4 ,a few eld]s rema9 to wat* ! burn+ pyre till all is consum$1 & ! next day ! monks ( ! mona/]y collect ! fragm5ts ( half-burnt bones & ! a%es ( ! deceas$1 & rev]5tly int] !m 9 "s fitt+ place1 &1 p]haps1 a small pagoda is erect$ ov] !m z a monum5t4 ,su* is ,buddhism 9 ,burmah4 ,am]ican mission>ies h won _m ( ! ,burmese1 z ( ! ,k>5s also1 f ^! c]emonies to ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxi4 ,,siam4 ,! 8,ca/le ( ,indra10 call !y ! hall1 ,9 :i* are display$ ! deities all1 ,! gold5 images1 *isel$ ) c>e1 ,& all incru/$ ) jewels s r>e4 ,full ?irty ?\s& _! numb]s are3 ,_! ugl9ess passes description f>2 ,a comp\nd ( m5 & animals dread1 ,) _m a h& & _m a head4 ,,he9ri* ,,he9e4 ,siam is ! l& ly+ j to ! ea/ ( ,burmah2 on acc\nt ( ! extreme rev]5ce paid to ! :ite elephant x is (t5 call$ ! ,l& ( ! ,:ite ,elephant4 ,x has a population ( #f1cjj1jjj1 :o are1 ) b a few exceptions1 ,buddhi/s4 ,buddhism ent]$ ?is c\ntry 9 #fch ,a4,d41 & 0 ?us ! la/ nation to yield to ! p[] ( t religion4 ,! ,siamese p are g5tle1 *e]ful1 timid1 c>eless & almo/ passionless4 ,!y are dispos$ to idl5ess1 incon/ancy & inaction2 !y are lib]al almsgiv]s1 sev]e 9 en=c+ decorum betwe5 ! sexes4 ,!y are fond ( sports1 & sp5d half _! "t 9 amusem5ts4 ,!y are %>p & ev5 witty 9 conv]sation1 & resemble ! ,*9ese 9 _! dext]ity 9 imitation4 ,( !atrical displays1 rope-danc+ & ! l1 !y are extremely fond4 ,( ! wit ( ! p1 ! be/ evid5ce is to be f\nd 9 _! famili> prov]bs1 ( :i* a few are "h cit$3 8,:5 y g into a wood1 d n =get y\r wood-knife40 8,an elephant ?\gh he has f\r legs may slip2 & a doctor is n always "r40 8,g up by l& y meet a tig]2 g d[n by wat] y meet a crocodile40 8,if a dog bite y1 d n bite him aga940 ,z 9 mo/ ,ori5tal l&s !re is ! greate/ & mo/ pa9ful contra/ betwe5 ! luxury & spl5dor ( ! k+'s c\rt & ! pov]ty & squalor ( ! common p4 ,! royal palaces are fill$ ) all t weal? & p[] c procure4 ,! peasants' hovels are d5i$ ev5 ! common com=ts ( life2 !y are b>e & com=tless4 ,!y conta9 no furniture1 b only a few r\ghly made vessels ( e>!nw>e1 & a mat or two spread ^u ! floor4 ,! food ( a peasant consi/s ( a b[l ( rice ) a morsel ( fi%4 ,at a ,siamese ,/ate d9n] !re are usually s]v$ ) great c]emony f sixty to a hundr$ c>efully cook$ di%es4 ,,! ,,celebrat$ ,,wat ,,*ang ,,pagoda4 ,?is is ! mo/ spl5did temple 9 ,bangkok4 ,x is %ap$ some:at l a bell1 ris+ to ! height probably ( #bej feet4 ,e in* ( its surface glitt]s ) curi\s ornam5ts & c>v+s2 ! =ms ( m5 & birds1 & bea/s l no?+ 9 heav5 above1 nor e>? b5ea?1 nor wat]s "u ! e>?4 ,x is made ( brick & pla/]$ on ! outside4 ,9 a l>ge ni*e 9 ! sides1 ab\t two-?irds ( ! way to ! top are images ( ,buddha1 rid+ on f\r :ite elephants made ( %9+ porcela9 ea* fac+ t[>d "o ( ! po9ts ( ! compass4 ,a %>p spire rises f ! summit4 ,all ov] ?is temple t[]1 f ! base to ! top1 f e project+ po9t hang a multitude ( small sweet-ton$ bells1 sw++ & r++ 9 ! slighte/ breeze1 fill+ ! air ) liquid melody4 ,illu/ration3 ,,t[] ,,( ,,wat ,,*ang ,,pagoda ,,at ,,bangkok1 ,,siam4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fun]al ,,temple ,,( ,,wood1 ,,bamboo ,,& ,,pap]1 ,,to ,,be ,,burn$ ,,) ,,! ,,body ,,( ,a ,,dead ,,k+4 8,h[ !y t9kle1 t9kle1 t9kle1 ,:ile ! />s t ov]spr9kle ,all ! heav5s1 seem to tw9kle ,) a cry/all9e delight2 ,keep+ "t1 "t1 "t1 ,9 a sort ( ,runic rhyme1 ,to ! t9t9nabulation t s musically wells ,f ! bells1 bells1 bells1 bells1 ,bells1 bells-- ,f ! j+l+ & ! t9kl+ ( ! bells40 ,)9 ! ,wat ,*ang inclosure1 besides ! pagoda1 are prie/s' dwell+s1 temples1 ) _! idols1 a prea*+-hall1 a libr>y & small p>ks1 ) fl[] & fruit-g>d5s1 ponds1 caves & /one /atues ( ,*9ese sages & w>riors1 pres5t+ a sc5e ( bewild]+ ri*ness4 ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,em]ald ,,idol4 ,! ,wat ,p'hra ,keau is ! temple :]e ! reign+ mon>* wor%ips4 ,on ! road lead+ to ?is temple is ano!r temple1 ! ,wat ,poh1 :]e reposes 9 gigantic /ate ! wondr\s ,sleep+ ,idol4 ,?is is a recl9+ figure1 #aej feet long & #dj feet high1 entirely cov]$ ) gold-plate4 ,! soles ( ?is giant figure's feet are cov]$ ) c>v+s inlaid ) pe>l & *as$ ) gold4 ,! designs ( ^! c>v+s repres5t ! _m transmigrations ( ,buddha be=e he obta9$ ,nirvna 7or1 z ! ,siamese call x1 ,niphan74 ,on ! nails ( ! toes are engrav5 ,buddha's t5 div9e attributes4 ,beyond ?is temple are ! /ables1 or1 m prop]ly speak+1 ! ,palace ( ! ,:ite ,elephant1 :]e ! huge creature is h\s$ & c>$ = royally4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,k+ ,,( ,,siam ,,go+ ,,to ,,wor%ip ,,at ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,em]ald ,,idol4 ,illu/ration3 ,,alt> ,,( ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,em]ald ,,idol1 ,,siam4 ,beyond ^! is ! ,temple ( ! ,em]ald ,idol4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable & beautiful /ructures ( its k9d 9 all ! ,ea/4 ,its model is l t ( all ! o!rs1 b its f9i% is ( a mu* high] ord]4 ,! ext]ior is adorn$ ) l(ty octagonal pill>s1 ) qua9t ,go?ic doors & w9d[s1 all c>v$ ) a great v>iety ( emblems1 ! lotus & ! palm occurr+ mo/ frequ5tly4 ,?is temple1 l all ,siamese temples1 is built ( brick1 ) a numb] ( ro(s ris+ 9 connect$ ti]s1 & rea*+ out ov] broad v]&as1 support$ by r[s ( pill>s1 ! :ole cov]$ ) :ite cem5t4 ,! ro(s are usually made ( _m-color$ tiles2 at ! ends ( ! ridge-pole are _m ornam5ts1 resembl+ bullocks' horns 9 size & %ape4 ,! walls & ceil+ ( ! int]ior are cov]$ ) f9ely-execut$ pa9t+s4 ,mrs4 ,leon[5s1 an ,engli% lady :o liv$ = six ye>s 9 ! palace ( ! ,k+ ( ,siam1 & :o !reby enjoy$ unusual privileges1 ?us describes ! int]ior & wor%ip ( ! ,wat ,p'hra ,keau3 8,! alt> is a wond] ( dim5sions & spl5d\r--a pyramid #ajj feet high1 t]m9at+ 9 a f9e spire ( gold1 & surr\nd$ on e side by idols1 all curi\s & preci\s1 f ! bij\ image 9 sapphire to ! colossal /atue 9 plate-gold4 ,a s]ies ( trophies ^!1 ga!r$ f ! triumphs ( ,buddhism ov] ! pr\de/ =ms ( wor%ip 9 ! old pagan _w4 ,9 ! pill>s t surr\nd ! temple1 & ! spires t tap] f> al(t1 may be trac$ types & emblems borr[$ f ! ,temple ( ! ,sun at ,baalbec1 ! pr\d fane ( ,diana at ,ephesus1 ! %r9es ( ! ,delian ,apollo2 b ! ,brahm9ical symbols & int]pretations prevail4 ,/range t x %\ld be s ) a sect t suff]$ by ! slay+s & ! bani%m5ts ( a ru?less p]secution1 at ! h&s ( _! ,brahm9 fa!rs1 = ! cause ( re/or+ ! culture ( t simple & pure philosophy :i* fl\ri%$ be=e ,pan!ism4 8,! floor is pav$ ) diamond-%ap$ pieces ( poli%$ brass1 :i* reflect ! light ( tall tap]s t h burn$ on = m ?an a hundr$ ye>s1 s closely is ! sacr$ fire wat*$4 ,! floods ( light & dep?s ( %ad[ ab\t ! alt> are extreme1 & ! effect ov]:elm+4 8,! ,em]ald ,idol is ab\t twelve in*es high & eight 9 wid?4 ,into ! virg9 gold ( :i* its hair & coll> are compos$1 mu/ h be5 /irr$1 :ile ! metal 0 yet molt51 cry/als1 topazes1 sapphires1 rubies1 onyxes1 ame?y/s & diamonds--! /ones crude1 or rudely cut1 & bl5d$ 9 su* proportions z might enhance to ! utmo/ imag9able limit ! beauty & ! co/ ( ! ador$ effigy4 ,! comb9ation is z h>moni\s z x is spl5did4 ,no wond] x is commonly believ$ t ,buddha himself alight$ on ! spot 9 ! =m ( a great em]ald1 & by a fla% ( lightn+ conjur$ ! glitt]+ edifice & alt> 9 an in/ant f ! e>?1 to be a h\se & a ?rone = him !re6 8,on ei!r side ( ! ea/]n entrance--call$ #8,! ,beautiful ,gate'--/&s a mod]n /atue2 "o ( ,sa9t ,pet]1 ) fl[+ mantle & s&al$ feet1 9 an attitude ( sorr[1 z :5 #8he turn$ away 8 face & wept2' ! o!r ( ,c]es1 scatt]+ fl[]s4 ,! we/]n entrance1 :i* admits only ladies1 is call$ #8,! ,angel's ,gate1' & is gu>d$ by g5ii ( f]oci\s aspect4 8,on a floor diamond$ ) poli%$ brass sat a ?rong ( wom51 ! lite ( ,siam4 ,all 7 rob$ 9 pure :ite1 ) :ite silk sc>fs drawn f ! left %\ld] 9 c>eful folds across ! bu/ & back1 & ?r[n gracefully ov] ! "r4 ,a little ap>t sat _! female slaves1 ( :om _m 7 inf]ior to _! mi/resses only 9 social consid]ation & wordly ge>1 be+ _! half si/]s--*ildr5 ( ! same fa!r by a slave "m4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ru9$ ,,temple ,,& ,,idol ,,( ,,buddha ,,at ,,ayudia1 ,,! ,,old ,,capital ,,( ,,siam4 8,! wom5 sat 9 circles1 & ea* display$ h] vase ( fl[]s & h] light$ tap] be=e h]4 ,9 front ( all 7 a numb] ( my y\ng] pupils1 ! royal *ildr51 9 circles also4 ,close by ! alt>1 on a l[ squ>e /ool1 ov]laid ) a ?9 cu%ion ( silk1 sat ! high-prie/1 ,*[ ,khoon ,sh4 ,9 8 h& he held a concave fan1 l9$ ) pale-gre5 silk1 ! back ri*ly embroid]$1 jewel$ & gilt4 ,he 0 drap$ 9 a yell[ robe1 n unlike ! ,roman toga1 a loose & fl[+ habit1 clos$ bel[ ! wai/1 b op5 f ! ?roat to ! girdle1 :i* 0 simply a b& ( yell[ clo?1 b\nd tightly4 ,f ! %\ld]s hung two n>r[ /rips1 also yell[1 desc5d+ ov] ! robe to ! feet1 & resembl+ ! scapul> worn by c]ta9 ord]s ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic cl]gy4 ,at 8 side 0 an op5 wat* ( gold1 ! gift ( 8 sov]eign4 ,at 8 feet sat sev5te5 disciples1 %ad+ _! faces ) fans less ri*ly adorn$4 8,we put (f our %oes--my *ild & ,i--hav+ respect = ! anci5t prejudice aga9/ !m1 feel+ n s mu* rev]5ce = ! place z = ! he>ts t wor%ip$ !re2 c>+ to display n s mu* ! love ( wisdom z ! wisdom ( love2 & well 7 we repaid by ! grateful smile ( recognition t greet$ u z we ent]$4 8,we sat d[n cross-legg$4 ,no ne$ to hu% my boy2 ! sil5ce !re1 s subdu+1 *eck$ ) its my/]i\s awe ev5 8 inquisitive "y m9d4 ,! v5]able high-prie/ sat ) 8 face jeal\sly cov]$1 le/ 8 eyes %\ld tempt 8 ?\ghts to /ray4 ,i *ang$ my position to cat* a glimpse ( 8 c\nt5ance4 ,he drew 8 fan-veil m closely1 giv+ me a quick1 b g5tle half-glance ( remon/rance4 ,!n rais+ 8 eyes1 ) lids ne>ly clos$1 he *ant$ 9 an infantile1 wail+ tone4 8,t 0 ! op5+ pray]4 ,at once ! :ole congregation rais$ !mselves on _! knees1 &1 all toge!r1 pro/rat$ !mselves ?rice pr(\ndly1 ?rice t\*+ ! poli%$ brass floor ) _! =eheads1 & !n1 ) heads b[$ & palms fold$ & eyes clos$1 !y deliv]$ ! responses aft] ! prie/1 mu* 9 ! mann] ( ! ,engli% ,liturgy2 fir/ ! prie/1 !n ! p1 & f9ally all toge!r4 ,!re 0 no s++1 no /&+ up & sitt+ d[n1 no *ang+ ( robes & places1 no turn+ ! face to ! alt>1 nor nor?1 nor s\?1 nor ea/1 nor we/4 ,all knelt /ill1 ) h&s fold$ /raight be=e !m1 & eyes /rictly1 tightly clos$4 ,inde$1 !re 7 faces !re t express$ devotion & piety1 ! humble/ & ! pure/1 z ! lips murmur$1 #8,o1 ,?\ ,et]nal ,"o1 ,?\ p]fection ( ,"t1 ,?\ true/ ,tru?1 ,?\ immutable ess5ce ( all ,*ange1 ,?\ mo/ excell5t radiance ( ,m]cy1 ,?\ inf9ite ,compassion1 ,?\ ,pity1 ,?\ ,*>ity6' 8,i lo/ "s ( ! responses 9 ! simultane\s repetition1 & did b imp]fectly compreh5d ! exhortation t foll[$1 9 :i* 0 inculcat$ ! /ricte/ practice ( *>ity1 9 a mann] s pa!tic & s g5tle z might be wisely imitat$ by ! mo/ or?odox ( ,*ri/ian prie/s4 ,!re 0 maje/y 9 ! humility ( ^? pagan wor%ip]s1 & 9 _! %ame ( self !y 7 sublime40 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,! ,,:ite ,,elephant4 ,) reg>d to ?is subject1 be=e ref]r$ to1 we pref] us+ ano!r's description3 ,sir ,john ,b[r+ tells u t ! ,buddhi/s h a special rev]5ce = :ite quadrup$s2 t he has himself se5 a :ite monkey honor$ ) special att5tion4 ,also1 t :ite elephants h be5 ! cause ( _m a w>1 & _! possession m an object ( envy ?an ! conque/ ( t]ritory or ! transitory glories ( ! battle-field4 ,9 ! money m>ket a :ite elephant is almo/ beyond price4 ,fifty ?\s& doll>s w\ld h>dly repres5t its pecuni>y value2 a hair f its tail is wor? a ,jew's ransom4 8,x 0 my good =tune10 he says1 8to pres5t to ! ,fir/ ,k+ ( ,siam 7! ,siamese h two k+s ex]cis+ supreme au?ority7 pres5ts ) :i* ,i _h be5 *>g$ by my royal mi/ress4 ,i receiv$ _m pres5ts 9 return2 b ! mon>* plac$ 9 my h& a gold5 box1 lock$ ) a gold5 key1 & he in=m$ me ! box conta9$ a gift f> m valuable ?an all ! re/1 & t 0 a few hairs ( ! :ite elephant4 ,& p]haps x may be well to /ate :y ! :ite elephant is s specially rev]5c$4 8,x is because x is believ$ t ,buddha1 ! supreme emanation f ! ,deity1 w necess>ily1 9 8 multitud9\s metamorphoses or transmissions ?r\gh all ! grades ( exi/5ces1 & ?r\gh millions ( ons1 delight to abide = "s "t 9 t gr& inc>nation ( purity :i* is repres5t$ by1 & f\nd 9 ! :ite elephant4 ,:ile all ! bonzes tea* t !re is no spot 9 ! heav5s above or ! e>? bel[1 or ! wat]s "u ! e>?1 :i* is n visit$ 9 ! p]egr9ations ( ! div9ity--^: e /age or /ep is t[>d purification--!y hold t 8 t>ry+ may be long] 9 ! :ite elephant ?an 9 any o!r abode1 & t 9 ! possession ( ! sacr$ creature !y may possess ! pres5ce ( ,buddha himself4 ,x is kn[n t ! ,ceylonese h be5 kept 9 subjection by ! belief t _! rul]s h a too? ( ,buddha 9 ! temple ( ,k&y1 & t on v>i\s tracts ( ! ,ea/ impressions ( ! foot ( ,buddha are rev]5c$1 & are ! objects ( we>y pilgrimages to places :i* c only be rea*$ ) difficulty2 b ) ! :ite elephant "s vague notions ( a vital ,buddha are associat$1 & !re c be no d\bt t ! m>vel\s sagacity ( ! creature has s]v$ to /r5g!n _! religi\s prejudices4 ,siamese are kn[n to :isp] _! secrets into an elephant's e>1 & to ask a solution ( _! p]plexities by "s sign or movem5t4 ,& mo/ assur$ly !re is m s5se & reason 9 ! wor%ip ( an intellig5t bea/ ?an 9 t ( /ocks & /ones1 ! "w ( m5's h&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,siamese ,,wor%ip+ ,,! ,,:ite ,,elephant4 ,illu/ration3 ,,tomb ,,( ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,sa9t4 8,& yet10 cont9ues ,sir ,john1 8aft] all1 ! :ite elephant is n :ite1 nor any?+ l x4 ,x is ( a c(fee-color2 n ( unburnt1 b ( burnt c(fee--dull br[ni% yell[ or yell[i% br[n--:ite only by contra/ ) 8 d>k] bro!r4 ,! la/ :i* rea*$ ,bangkok 0 caught 9 ! woods4 ,! k+ & c\rt w5t a long way out into ! c\ntry to meet him1 & he 0 conduct$ ) a gr& procession1 mu* pomp & music1 & fly+ bann]s1 to ! capital4 ,!re a gr& mansion await$ him1 & sev]al ( ! lead+ nobility 7 appo9t$ 8 cu/odians4 ,! walls 7 pa9t$ to repres5t =e/s1 no d\bt to rem9d him ( 8 native haunts1 & to console him 9 8 abs5ce f !m4 ,all 8 wants 7 s$ul\sly provid$ =1 & 9 8 #8walks abroad1' :5 #8_m m5 he saw1' he 0 escort$ by music & cap>ison$ by co/ly ve/m5ts4 ,8 gr&e/ & f>!/ prom5ades 7 to ba! 9 ! riv]1 :5 o!r elephants 7 9 att5dance1 honor$ by be+ made auxili>ies to 8 gr&eur4 ,n[ & !n ! two sov]eigns s\ght 8 pres5ce1 b ,i did n le>n t 8 dignity condesc5d$ to oblige !m ) any special notice4 ,b he want$ no addition to 8 dignity4 ,ev]y?+ associat$ ) maje/y & rank bore 8 image4 ,a :ite elephant is ! badge ( di/9ction4 ,! royal flags & seals1 m$als & moneys--on all sides ! :ite elephant is ! national emblem1 z ! cross among ,*ri/ians1 or ! cresc5t among ,turks2 & ! ,siamese are pr\d] ( x ?an ,am]icans1 ,russians1 ,g]mans or ,fr5* are ( _! eagles1 or ,spani>ds ( ! gold5 fleece4 ,! ,b\rbon ,oriflamme1 ! ,briti% ,union ,jack1 %[ b fa9tly 9 ! pres5ce ( ! :ite elephant40 ,,ru9s ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,temple ,,( ,,nagkon ,,wat4 ,"s ( ! mo/ fam\s ru9s ( ! _w1 & b little kn[n to g5]al read]s1 are ^? at ,angkor1 9 ,ea/]n ,siam4 ,! ,fr5*man1 ,m4 ,m\hot1 says ! ru9s ( ,nagkon ,wat--a temple :i* mu/ h rival$ ! temple ( ,solomon 9 its spl5dor--might take a mo/ honorable place beside our mo/ beautiful build+s4 ,x is gr&] ?an any?+ left to u by ,greece & ,rome4 ,ano!r writ] says ! ru9s ( ,angkor are z impos+ z ! ru9s ( ,!bes or ,memphis1 & m my/]i\s4 ,mod]n travel]s h prov$ 9 _! descriptions ( ^! ru9s t ^! are n words ( fulsome praise4 ,!re are no c]ta9 answ]s to ! que/ions :o built x8 :5 0 x built8 & :at has become ( ! build]s8 ,b rec5t rese>*es 9 ,*9ese hi/ory seem to %[ t x 0 built betwe5 ! t5? & twelf? c5turies ,a4,d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,ru9s ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,temple ,,( ,,nagkon ,,wat4 ,! visitor ent]s ^u an imm5se causeway1 #gbe feet long1 ) six gigantic griff9s1 ea* c>v$ f a s+le block ( /one1 rang$ along its sides4 ,on ei!r side ( ! causeway are artificial lakes1 ea* ( ab\t five acres 9 ext5t4 ,! temple is romantically1 z well z beautifully & impressively situat$ 9 ! mid/ ( a =e/ ( palm-trees4 ,! out] wall ( ! ,nagkon ,wat is ab\t half a mile squ>e1 & is built ( s&/one1 ) gate-ways ^u ea* side4 ,^! are h&somely c>v$ ) figures ( gods & dragons4 ,! ma9 gate-way is on ! we/]n side1 pass+ ?r\gh :i* & up a causeway1 = a di/ance ( #a1jjj feet1 "o comes to ! c5tral ma9 entrance ( ! temple4 ,! entire build+ is rais$ on ?ree t]races1 ea* ab\t ?irty feet above ! o!r4 ,! :ole is built ( /one1 )\t cem5t1 ) jo9ts s closely fitt+ t ev5 ! lapse ( ye>s has n seam$4 ,! imm5se blocks ( /one 7 qu>ri$ ab\t ?irty miles away4 ,! c5tral temple is oblong1 be+ #gif feet long1 #ehe feet wide1 & #bej feet high 9 ! c5tre4 ,f ! doorway1 on ei!r side1 runs back a hall-way1 ) a d\ble r[ ( columns1 ea* cut--base1 %aft & capital--f a s+le block4 ,?is hall-way has an oval-%ap$ ro(1 cov]$ ) c>v+s & walls cov]$ ) sculptures4 ,?is gall]y ( sculptures1 :i* =ms ! ext]ior ( ! temples1 consi/s ( ov] half a mile ( cont9u\s pictures1 cut ^u s&/one slabs1 ea* six feet 9 wid?4 ,^! sculptures repres5t subjects tak5 f ! ,h9du book call$ ! ,ramayana1 :i* describes ! adv5tures ( ! god ,rama & ! son ( ! k+ ( ,oudh4 ,9 ! ,nagkon ,wat #a1ecb solid columns h be5 c\nt$4 ,pass+ on up /eep /aircases1 we come to sev]al image-h\ses4 ,^! conta9 sev]al hundr$ images1 made ( /one1 wood1 brass1 clay1 ( all %apes1 sizes & ages4 ,gall]ies cross & recross ea* o!r4 ,f9ally we come to ! c5tral pagoda1 9 :i* are at pres5t plac$ colossal images ( ,buddha4 ,?is temple is believ$ to be at lea/ #b1jjj ye>s old4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/atue ,,( ,,! ,,lep] ,,k+4 ,a little ways f ! ,nagkon ,wat re/s ! /atue ( ! ,lep] ,k+1 :o is suppos$ to h assi/$ 9 ! build+ ( ! temple4 ,?is fam\s /atue is c>v$ f s&/one1 9 a sitt+ po/ure2 ! eyes are clos$2 a ?9 mu/a*e1 twi/$ up at ! ends1 cov]s ! upp] lip2 ! e>s are long2 ! hair is ?ick1 & display$ 9 curls ^u ! head1 ! top ( :i* is surm\nt$ by a small1 r\nd cr[n4 ,! tradition says t ?is k+ 0 an ,egyptian1 :o = "s wick$ de$ 0 turn$ into a lep]1 & :o built ! temple 9 fulfillm5t ( a v[ t he might be fre$ f 8 disease4 ,,"s ,,o!r ,,temples4 ,ne> ,pe*aburi is a cav]n1 or s]ies ( small caves1 call$ ! ,cave ( ,idols4 ,"o or two small op5+s 9 ! ceil+ p]mit ! light to ent]4 ,r[s ( gilt ,buddhas l9e its sides1 & a huge recl9+ image ( ,buddha lies at "o end ( ! halls4 ,j outside ( ! cave1 & at ! bottom ( ! hill1 is a temple conta9+ ano!r imm5se recl9+ ,buddha4 ,?is is built ( brick & mort>1 cov]$ ) ?ick gold-leaf4 ,x is clo!d ) yell[ g>m5ts1 su* z ! ,siamese & ,burmese ,buddhi/ prie/s we>4 ,its head re/s ^u ! "r h& & presses ^u a gayly-ornam5t$ pill[4 ,! idol is #ace feet high4 ,we notice t v _m ( ^! imm5se recl9+ idols ( ,buddha are f\nd 9 ,siam alone4 ,!re are #c1jjj1jjj ( ,*9ese 9 ,siam1 :o are ,buddhi/s & h _! own temples4 ,! l>ge/ ( ^! is 9 ,bangkok1 & conta9s a brass ,buddha1 sitt+ cross-legg$1 & ab\t fifty feet high1 & =ty feet wide at ! knees4 ,! imm5se temple ro( is #ajj feet f ! gr\nd4 ,9 a small] temple1 9 ! same inclosure1 is ano!r brass ,buddha1 seat$ ^u a rock1 ) a copp] elephant on "o side & a lead5 monkey on ! o!r1 look+ up1 9 rev]5ce1 at ! idol ,buddha4 ,:5 ! ,k+ ( ,siam dies1 ! fun]al c]emonies are p>ticipat$ 9 by ! nation4 ,dur+ ab\t f\r mon?s1 #cjj or #djj m5 are engag$ 9 build+ ! fun]al temple4 ,! fun]al pile1 on :i* ! body is to be burn$1 is plac$ 9 ! c5tre1 & ! temple built ar\nd & above x4 ,its /yle is simil> to o!r ,siamese temples4 ,! trunks ( teak trees1 n less ?an #agj feet high1 are plac$ upright s z to =m a squ>e ab\t ?irty feet ea* way4 ,on ?is is built an octagonal1 sixty-foot spire1 cov]$ ) gold-leaf4 ,ar\nd ?is c5tral build+ poles are erect$1 on :i* are hung peculi> ornam5ts cov]$ ) crimson clo?4 ,ar\nd ! int]ior are gr\p$ pictures ( ! gods & ( ! ,buddhi/'s heav51 ) lakes1 groves & g>d5s4 ,all ar\nd ! temple is a scre5 ( wov5 bamboo "w1 & ! gr\nd is cov]$ ) ! same4 ,! :ole ext]ior ( ! temple is decorat$ ) objects ( glass1 porcela91 alaba/] & silv]1 ) artificial fl[]s & images ( birds1 bea/s1 m5 & angels4 ,spl5did *&eli]s are susp5d$ f ! ceil+4 ,"u ! c5tral t[] is a pyramidal pile1 on :i* ! body is to be burn$4 ,?\s&s ( prie/s are engag$ 9 pray]s dur+ ! s]vice4 ,! sc5e & s]vice at su* a "t is impressive beyond ! p[] ( description4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxii4 ,,?ibet4 ,ah6 bless$ ,"l6 ,oh1 ,high ,deliv]]6 ,=give ?is feeble script1 :i* do? !e wrong1 ,measur+ ) little wit ?y l(ty love4 ,ah6 ,lov]6 ,bro!r6 ,guide6 ,lamp ( ! ,law6 ,i take my refuge 9 ,?y "n & ,!e6 ,i take my refuge 9 ,?y ,law ( ,good6 ,i take my refuge 9 ,?y ,ord]6 ,om6 ,! ,dew is on ! ,lotus6 ,rise1 ,great ,sun6 ,& lift my leaf & mix me ) ! wave4 ,om ,mani ,padme ,hum1 ! ,sunrise comes6 ,! ,dewdrop slips into ! %9+ ,sea6 ,,edw9 ,,arnold4 7,,p]oration ,,( 8,,! ,,light ,,( ,,asia407 ,?ibet is a c\ntry ly+ nor? ( ,india & we/ ( ,*9a4 ,x has a population ( ab\t six millions4 ,! e>ly wor%ip ( ! ,?ibetans 0 t ( spirits1 devils & ( nature4 ,! old wor%ip1 call$ ! ,bon religion1 bore a /rong resemblance to ! ,taoism ( ,*9a1 & ev5 to-day ,buddhism has n de/roy$ t old religion entirely4 ,! p /ill h gods ( ! hills1 trees1 dales & lakes1 & /ill use *>ms & resort to magic4 ,j :5 ,buddhism 0 introduc$ into ?is bran* ( ! ,mongolian family we _c tell1 b x c]ta9ly 0 n well-e/abli%$ until #fcj ,a4,d4 ,all ar\nd ,?ibet ,buddhi/ mission>ies _h gone long be=e ?is1 & x is probable t !re is "s my? 9 ! tradition t a few mission>ies toil$1 ?\gh 9 va91 to br+ ! ,?ibetans to ! ,buddhi/ belief4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! fif? c5tury ,fa-,hian1 ! ,*9ese monk1 made a pilgrimage to ! sacr$ places ( ,buddhism 9 ,india4 ,he & 8 f\r companions 7 =c$ to avoid cross+ ,great ,?ibet4 ,,sket* ,,( ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,lamaism4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,?ibetan ,,lad4 ,a ,?ibetan k+ e/abli%$ 8 seat ( gov]nm5t at ,h'lassa 9 #fag ,a4,d4 ,he m>ri$ a ,*9ese pr9cess ( ! ,buddhi/ fai?4 ,by h] reque/1 he s5t a m9i/] to ,india1 :o br\ght back ) him a great numb] ( ! ,buddhi/ sacr$ books4 ,! k+ _h great difficulty 9 ov]com+ ! objections ( bo? prie/s & p1 b f9ally succe$$4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ! f\rte5? c5tury a great re=m] arose 9 ,?ibet nam$ ,tsong-khapa4 ,he =bade ! prie/s to m>ry1 & decl>$ t magic & necromancy 7 aga9/ ,buddhism1 & introduc$ o!r *anges4 ,ano!r great re=m] liv$ ab\t ! same "t nam$ ,g$e5-tubpa2 he built ! great mona/]y at ,te%u ,lumbo 9 #adde1 & 9 him comm5c$ ! p]petual inc>nation ( ,buddha1 9 ! p]sons ( ! ,gr& ,lamas4 ,9 #afej ! six? successor ( ?is la/ re=m] visit$ ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a1 & accept$ f him ! designation ( ,dalai ,lama1 ,lama mean+ prie/1 & ,dalai1 ocean4 ,!re are sev]al rival ,gr& ,lamas1 ! ,dalai ,lama1 ! ,te%u ,lama & ! ,t>ana? ,lama4 ,!re rapidly grew up 9 ,?ibet a sy/em ( organiz$ prie/hood1 :i* has made ! ,buddhism ( ,?ibet almo/ altoge!r unlike t ( any o!r l&4 ,,monks ,,& ,,mona/]ies4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mona/]y ,,( ,,hemis ,,9 ,,! ,,himalayas4 ,!re are ! monks & cl]gy1 :o are subord9ate to ! holy & sacr$ ,lamas1 ! monks & nuns1 ! abbots & abbesses1 *ief ,lamas1 &1 ov] all1 ! ,gr& ,lama4 ,! monks g b>e-head$1 ?\gh ^? ( high rank we> caps2 _! heads are %av$1 & !y are dress$ 9 a yell[ robe & high lea!rn boots1 ) ! m5dicant's food-b[l & ! pray]-:eel 9 _! h&s4 ,!y are collect$ 9 va/ mona/]ies scatt]$ ov] ! c\ntry1 ! l>ge/ & mo/ num]\s be+ r\nd ! city ( ,h'lassa4 ,^! mona/]ies conta9 _m ?\s&s ( lamas1 & simil> e/abli%m5ts are scatt]$ n only 9 ! inhabit$ valleys1 b ov] ! wilde/ p>ts ( ,great ,?ibet4 ,z !re is little wood 9 ! c\ntry1 ! p r>ely burn _! dead4 ,! dead bodies are usually c>ri$ to a high m\nta91 to be dev\r$ by bea/s & birds4 ,! monks' bodies are1 h[ev]1 burn$1 & _! a%es c>efully ga!r$ z relics4 ,wom5 are n buri$ or expos$ ) ! bodies ( _! dead husb&s1 z 0 once ! case ) ,h9du wom54 ,9 fact1 ?is is r5d]$ impossible by ! exi/5ce ( poly&ry1 "o woman 9 ,?ibet g5]ally hav+ _m husb&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,t>t> ,,woman4 ,! mona/]ies are call$ ,gonpas2 ! ,lamas' h\se1 ,labrang2 & ! temple1 consi/+ ( a room full ( images & pictures1 ,lhakhang4 ,! ,dung-t5 is a relic repository1 su* z ! ,tope ( ,india2 & imm5se votive piles ( /ones or dykes1 f a few feet to half a mile 9 l5g?1 cov]$ ) slabs & /uck ov] ) bann]s inscrib$ ) ! ,?ibetan pray] ,om mani padme hum1 are call$ ,mani4 ,! images ( ,buddha are always seat$1 ) ! "r h& re/+ on ! knee1 ! left on ! lap1 & hold+ ! alms-di%2 ! body pa9t$ yell[ or gilt1 & ! hair %ort & curly & pa9t$ blue4 ,!y are ( all sizes1 & !re are o!r images ( be+s connect$ ) ,buddhi/ic ideas4 ,! s]vices consi/ ( recitations & *ant+ ( ! ,sutras1 or precepts & rules ( discipl9e1 to ! s\nd ( musical in/rum5ts1 trumpets1 drums1 cymbals & con*-%ells4 ,! tunes are impressive & solemn2 inc5se is burn$ dur+ ! s]vices1 & !re are (f]+s ( fruits & gra9 to ,buddha & to ! ,buddhisatwas1 especially to ,avaloki-tesw>a1 :o is inc>nate 9 ! ,dalai ,lama4 ,my/ical s5t5ces & titles ( ,buddha are also recit$4 ,! bell is us$ dur+ ! p]=mance ( s]vice1 & ! pray]-:eels--metal cyl9d]s1 conta9+ pr9t$ pray]s 9 rolls1 ) ! axes prolong$ to =m h&les--are 9 con/ant use1 n only dur+ ! s]vice1 b on e occasion1 be+ fix$ 9 r[s on ! walls ( temples1 ne> villages1 & 9 /reams1 to be turn$ by wat]4 ,! pray]-:eels h be5 9 use among ^! p = m ?an a ?\s& ye>s1 = !y are m5tion$ by ! pilgrim ,fa-,hian4 ,,temple ,,at ,,te%u ,,lumbo ,,mona/]y4 ,x conta9s ?irte5 gigantic figures1 :i* w\ld be ab\t eight feet high /&+1 b !y are all1 except ! image ( ! god ( w> & ano!r1 sitt+ cross-legg$4 ,!y are ( copp]-gilt1 hold+ a pot ) fl[]s or fruit 9 _! lap4 ,!y are repres5t$ cov]$ ) mantles1 & cr[ns or mitres on _! heads2 & altoge!r1 p>ticul>ly ! drap]y1 are f> f be+ badly execut$4 ,! ?rones ^u :i* !y sit are also ( copp]-gilt1 adorn$ ) turquois1 cornelians & o!r inf]ior /ones4 ,! m\ld+s & ornam5ts ( ! ?rones are 9 a good /yle4 ,beh9d ea* figure ! wall is cov]$ ) a piece ( c>v$ "w1 l unto ! heavy gilt frames ( our =efa!rs' portraits or look+-glasses4 ,beh9d !m are *9a vases1 "s ( !m v h&some2 loads ( *9a & glass-w>e1 ! la/ p>tly ,*9ese1 p>tly ,european1 fill$ ) gra91 fruit or gum fl[]s1 a v>iety ( %ells1 l>ge con*es set 9 silv]1 "s o/ri* eggs1 cocoanuts1 cymbals1 & a v>iety ( o!r articles1 mak+ a mo/ het]og5e\s ga!r+4 ,r\nd ! necks ( ! images are /r+s ( coral1 ill-%ap$ pe>ls1 cornelian1 agate & o!r /ones1 & _! cr[ns are set ) ! l ornam5ts4 ,! ceil+ ( ! gall]y is cov]$ ) sat9s ( a v>iety ( patt]ns1 "s ,*9ese1 "s ,kalmuk1 "s ,european1 br\ght ?r\gh ,russia & ov]l&4 ,! gall]y is light$ on ! s\? side f five w9d[s1 & ! walls betwe5 are hung ) pa9t+s ( ! diff]5t deities & views ( heav54 ,! opposite side1 :]e ! images are1 is %ut 9 all ! l5g? ( ! gall]y ) a net ( iron-"w t m$dl]s may be kept (f4 ,,s]vices ,,at ,,! ,h',,lassa ,,ca!dral4 ,kpp5 pres5ts a v full acc\nt ( ! wor%ip 9 "o ( ! *ief ,buddhi/ temples1 9 ! c5tre ( ,buddhism1 ! city ( ,h'lassa4 ,rhys-,david cond5ses ?is z foll[s3 ,! entrance to ! *ief temples ( ! holy city is ?r\gh a l>ge hall :]e holy wat] & ros>ies are sold1 & 9 :i* /& f\r /atues ( ! ar*angels4 ,! walls are cov]$ ) rude pa9t+s ( sc5es f ! leg5ds ( ,buddha1 & its ro( is support$ by six massive pill>s1 cov]$ ) beautiful c>v+1 spoilt by gorge\s pa9t & gild+4 ,! temple itself is a long nave1 divid$ by r[s ( pill>s f two aisles1 & by silv] scre5s ( op5 trellis-"w f two l>ge *ancels4 ,into ! aisle on ea* side op5 f\rte5 *apels2 at ! end is ! holy place4 ,9 its fur!/ ni*e1 9 a k9d ( apse1 is ! magnific5t gold5 /atue ( ! n[ deifi$ ,gautama ,buddha4 ,9 front ( ! idol is ! high alt> or table ( (f]+s1 rais$ by sev]al /ages f ! floor2 on ! upp] levels be+ images ( gold1 silv] & clay2 on ! l[]1 ! bells1 lamps1 c5s]s & o!r vessels us$ 9 ! holy s]vice4 ,at ! s\nd ( a trumpet ! cl]gy assemble 9 ! entrance hall1 we>+ ! cloak & cap2 at its ?ird bla/ ! procession1 ) ! liv+ ,buddha1 ! ,gr& ,lama1 at its head1 m>*es d[n ! aisle4 ,:5 he is seat$ on 8 ?rone1 ea* ,lama1 or c>d9al1 b[s ?ree times be=e him1 & !n seats himself on a divan accord+ to 8 rank4 ,aft] a bell is rung1 ! t5 ,buddhi/ comm&m5ts are repeat$ & o!r =mulas1 !n ! prie/s s+ 9 *oir pieces f ! sacr$ books4 ,! monks bur/ out into a hymn ( pray] = ! pres5ce ( ! spirits ( all ! ,buddhi/s4 ,"o ( !m raises al(t ov] 8 head a look+-glass1 ! idea ( :i* seems to be to cat* ! image ( ! _s z x comes2 a second raises a jug2 a ?ird a my/ic symbol ( ! _w2 a f\r? a cup1 & s on4 ,mean:ile ! voices ( ! s+]s1 & ! s\nd ( ! bells1 drums & trumpets gr[s l\d] & l\d]1 & ! temple is fill$ ) inc5se f ! sacr$ c5s]s4 ,! monk ) ! jug p\rs sev]al times wat]1 mix$ ) saffron & sug>1 ov] ! mirror1 :i* ano!r wipes ea* "t ) a silk napk94 ,! wat] fl[s ov] ! mirror to ! symbols ( ! _w1 & is caught 9 ! cup b5ea?4 ,!nce ! holy mixture is p\r$ into ano!r jug1 & a drop or two is all[$ to trickle on to ! h&s ( ea* ( ! wor%ip+ monks1 :o m>ks ! cr[n ( 8 %av5 head1 ! =ehead & 8 brea/ ) ! sacr$ liquid4 ,he !n rev]5tly swall[s ! rema9+ drops1 &1 9 s do+1 believes himself to be swall[+ a "p ( ! div9e be+1 ^: image has be5 caught 9 ! mirror ov] :i* ! wat] has pass$4 ,,pray+-,,:eels4 ,among ! mo/ curi\s ?+s 9 ,?ibet are ! pray+-:eels4 ,!y are little wood5 drums cov]$ r\nd ! sides ) lea!r1 & fitt$ v]tically 9 ni*es 9 ! walls4 ,a sp9dle runn+ ?r\gh ! c5tre enables !m to revolve at ! slighte/ pu%4 ,!y are g5]ally 9 r[s ( eight & t51 & well ?umb$ & worn !y usually are4 ,o!rs1 ( l>g] dim5sions1 are plac$ by !mselves1 decorat$ ) ! words1 8,om mani padmi hum10 9 ! ,lanza "*1 all r\nd ! b>rel4 ,9 ! vic9ity ( ! mona/]ies are v>i\s small temples1 l *apels ( ease1 rudely decorat$ ) grotesque figures 9 r$ & yell[1 & hav+ que]-look+ /ructures fa/5$ on ! top ( !m1 g5]ally a trid5t1 ) tufts ( hair atta*$1 or /rips ( color$ calico1 horns ( animals & o!r rude devices4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pray+ ,,ma*9e4 ,in/ead ( say+ pray]s !y set a ma*9e 9 motion1 ea* revolution c\nt+ z a pray]4 ,! m pray]s "o says or turns1 ! m sure he is to get to ,heav54 ,sometimes ! :eel is set s z to be turn$ by wat] or ma*9]y1 & ^! ma*9e-pray]s are c\nt$ z good z o!rs4 ,9 "o place !re is a pray+-:eel turn$ by wat]2 b "o _c asc]ta9 :e!r ! b5efit accrues to ! wat]1 or to ! possessor ( ! /ream1 or to ! public g5]ally4 ,sometimes ! p c>ry portable :eels1 & "o (t5 meets !m provid$ ) huge brass ones1 ) a wood5 h&le4 ,!y are susp5d$ f _! necks1 9 company ) a collection ( squ>e lea!r *>ms fa/5$ by a /r+ to ! coat1 ! :ole collection pres5t+ a v odd appe>ance4 ,,! ,,my/ic ,,s5t5ce ,,( ,,?ibet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pray+ ,,:eel ,,:irl$ ,,9 ,,! ,,h&4 ,!re is "o s5t5ce :i* ! ,?ibetans & ,mongolians h cont9ually 9 _! m\?s4 ,! same s5t5ce is writt5 ^u _! monum5ts1 temple-walls1 relic-h\ses1 pray]-:eels--inde$1 almo/ ev]y:]e4 ,x is ,,om ,,mani ,,padmi ,,hum4 ,^! are words f ! ,sanskrit language4 8,om10 among ! ,h9dus1 is ! my/ic "n ( div9ity1 :i* beg9s all _! pray]s4 ,x corresponds to our int]jection ,oh6 only t x is utt]$ ) a religi\s emphasis1 due to its hidd51 sacr$ mean+4 8,mani0 means jewel2 8padmi10 ! lotus2 & 8hum10 am54 ,s ! :ole s5t5ce is1 8,oh6 ! jewel ( ! lotus4 ,am540 ,b ! ,?ibetan ,buddhi/s h atta*$ my/]i\s mean+s to ea* ( ! six syllables ( ! s5t5ce4 ,^! mean+s grew out ( ! leg5d>y hi/ory ( ! introduction ( ,buddhism into ,?ibet2 b ev5 ?is is all b =gott51 & ! words are repeat$ by ! millions ( ,?ibetans )\t ! slighte/ k ( _! =ce1 b ) a sup]/iti\s belief 9 _! sacr$ness1 :i* is un%ak5 & immovable z ! rocks !mselves ,,! ,,inc>nation ,,( ,,buddha ,,9 ,,! ,,gr& ,,lama4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/one ,,) ,,! ,,my/ic ,,s5t5ce1 8,,om ,,mani ,,padmi ,,hum40 ,illu/ration3 ,,mani ,,padee1 ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,tomb ,,9 ,,?ibet4 ,! ,?ibetans believe t ! s\l ( ,buddha dwells 9 ! body ( _! high-prie/ or ,gr& ,lama2 t1 at ! "t ( 8 dea?1 ! s\l passes into ! body ( ano!r p]son1 :o is to be ! ,gr& ,lama until 8 dea?4 ,?us ,buddha is born & re-born ov] & ov] aga94 ,x is an easy matt] to det]m9e into ^: body ! s\l ( ,buddha ent]s1 because !y make x s4 ,x is v mu* ! same z if ! *ief ,lamas 7 to elect ! ,gr& ,lama's successor1 because1 9 reality1 !y det]m9e :]e ! s\l ( ,buddha %all be f\nd4 ,at pres5t1 h[ev]1 x seems t ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a ex]cises a p>am\nt influ5ce on ! discov]y ( ^! transmigrations1 or1 9 o!r words1 on ! fill+ up ( cl]ical po/s2 & !re c be no d\bt t 8 influ5ce is supreme 9 ! case ( det]m9+ ! election ( ! two highe/ function>ies ( ?is !ocracy4 ,9 ord] to asc]ta9 ! re-bir? ( a dep>t$ ,lama1 v>i\s means are reli$ ^u4 ,sometimes ! deceas$ _h1 be=e 8 dea?1 confid5tially m5tion$ to 8 fri5ds :]e & 9 :i* family he w\ld re-appe>1 or 8 w conta9$ intimations to ?is effect4 ,9 mo/ in/ances1 h[ev]1 ! sacr$ books & ! (ficial a/rolog]s are consult$ on ! subject2 & if ! ,dalai-lama dies1 x is ! duty ( ! ,pan-*h5 to int]pret ! traditions & ! oracles2 :]eas1 if ! latt] dies1 ! ,dalai-lama r5d]s him ! same good s]vice4 ,! proclamation ( s great an ev5t1 h[ev]1 z ! metempsy*osis ( any ,dalai-lama or ,pan-*h5 is prec$$ by a close exam9ation ( ! *ild t claims to be 9 possession ( ! s\l ( ei!r ( ^! p]sonages4 ,! re-born ar*-sa9t1 usually a boy f\r or five ye>s old1 is que/ion$ z to 8 previ\s c>e]2 books1 g>m5ts & o!r articles us$ & n us$ by ! deceas$ are plac$ be=e him1 to po9t out ^? :i* belong$ to him 9 8 =m] life4 ,b1 h[ev] satisfactory 8 answ]s be1 !y d n yet suffice4 ,v>i\s little bells1 requir$ at ! daily devotions ( ! ,lama1 are put be=e ! boy1 to select t :i* he did use :5 he 0 ! ,dalai-lama or ,pan-*h54 8,b :]e is my own favorite bell10 ! *ild exclaims1 aft] hav+ se>*$ 9 va92 & ?is "q is p]fectly ju/ifi$1 =1 to te/ ! v]acity ( ! re-born sa9t1 ?is p>ticul> bell has be5 )held f him4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 !re c be no d\bt z to ! ,dalai-lama or ,pan-*h5 be+ bodily be=e !m4 ,! believ]s fall on _! knees1 & ! ,lamas :o successfully p]=m$ all ^! frauds jo9 !m 9 ann\nc+ to ! _w ! mom5t\s fact4 ,,! ,,lamai/ ,,bible4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,?ibetan ,,woman4 ,! ,?ibetan sacr$ books are call$ ,kanjur4 ,?is conta9s #a1jhc works ga!r$ 9 #ahj folio volumes4 ,^! are divid$ into sev5 sections z foll[s3 #a4 ,! ,book ( ,discipl9e4 #b4 ,! ,book ( ! ,transc5d5tal ,wisdom4 #c4 ,! ,book ( ! ,association ( ,buddhas4 #d4 ,! ,book ( 8! ,jewel$ ,peak10 7:atev] t may mean74 #e4 ,! ,book ( ,aphorisms4 #f4 ,! ,book ( ! ,doctr9e ( 8,deliv]ance f ,emancipation f ,exi/5ce0 7sic74 #g4 ,! ,book ( ,my/icism4 ,^! all are said to conta9 ! words ( ,buddha himself4 ,besides ^! is a "w1 call$ ! ,tanjur1 or translation ( doctr9e1 b has n ! au?ority ( ! ,kanjur4 ,! art ( pr9t+ f engrav$ wood5 blocks has be5 long kn[n to ! ,?ibetans4 ,?is aid$ greatly 9 spread+ ! sacr$ books4 ,!re is no ,buddhi/ mona/]y 9 ,?ibet :i* has n a copy ( ^! works4 ,sometimes ^! are v co/ly2 "o 0 prep>$ ab\t a qu>t] ( a c5tury ago1 :i* co/ #aj1jjj4 ,f\r or five ye>s ago a magnific5t copy ( ,buddha's works 0 be+ execut$ = a ,mongol pr9ce1 9 ! ,?ibetan language4 ,at t "t #hj ( ! #ahj volumes 7 complet$4 ,! pr9t+ 0 9 lett]s ( gold1 & ! volumes are b\nd 9 embroid]$ silk ) silv] clasps4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiii4 ,,*9a--,,cont9u$4 ,& yond] by ,nank91 behold6 ,! ,t[] ( ,porcela91 /range & old1 ,uplift+ to ! a/oni%$ skies ,its n9e-fold pa9t$ balconies1 ,) balu/rades ( tw9+ leaves1 ,& ro(s ( tile1 b5ea? ^: eaves ,hang porcela9 bells t all ! "t ,r+ ) a s(t1 melodi\s *ime2 ,:ile ! :ole fabric is ablaze ,) v>i$ t9ts1 all fus$ 9 "o ,great mass ( color1 l a maze ,( fl[]s illum9$ by ! sun4 ,,h5ry ,,wadswor? ,,longfell[4 ,fo 7or ,fuh7 is ! imp]fect r5d]+ ( ,buddha into ! ,*9ese language1 z ! initial s\nd ( ,b is almo/ unkn[n 9 ,*9ese4 ,buddhi/ mission>ies visit$ ,*9a z e>ly z #bej ,b4,c41 & 9 ! second ye> be=e ,*ri/ a numb] ( ,buddhi/ sacr$ books 7 pres5t$ to ! ,emp]or ( ,*9a by an ambassador ( ! ,to*>i ,t>t>s4 ,b x did n receive (ficial recognition & did n really take root 9 ,*9a until ab\t ! ye> #fg ,a4,d4 ,9 ! ye> #fa ! ,emp]or ,m+-ti saw 9 a dream ! image ( a =eign god ent]+ 8 palace4 ,impress$ ) ! s+ul> vision1 he s5t1 at 8 bro!r's sugge/ion1 an embassy to secure ,buddhi/ images1 books & tea*]s4 ,an ,indian ,buddhi/ prie/1 nam$ ,ka%iap-,madanga1 accompani$ ! embassy on its return4 ,he translat$ "s ( ! ,buddhi/ books into ,*9ese4 ,! religion spread rapidly aft] x receiv$ ! imp]ial favor4 ,?is x did ! m readily z1 ) ,india-rubb]-l ela/icity1 ,buddhism /ret*$ itself to include ! great] "p ( ! anci5t ,*9ese fai?s4 ,native ,*9ese became ,buddhi/ monks ab\t ! ye> #cce ,a4,d4 ,! ,emp]or ,hiau ,wu erect$ a pagoda 9 8 palace at ,nank9 9 #cha ,a4 ,d4 ,! anci5t ,*9ese hi/orians say t ab\t ?is "t l>ge mona/]ies began to be e/abli%$ & t n9e-t5?s ( ! common p b[$ to ! fai? ( ! sa9t & sage ( ,india4 ,9 #dje ,a4,d41 ,kum>ajiva1 an ,indian ,buddhi/1 translat$ ! pr9cipal ,buddhi/ books into ! ,*9ese4 ,he 0 assi/$ by #hjj prie/s4 ,m ?an #cjj volumes 7 ?us prep>$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,image ,,( ,,buddha4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bronze ,,lions4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*9ese ,,m&>94 ,at ?is "t ! celebrat$ ,*9ese travel]1 ,fa ,hi51 0 collect+ sacr$ books & visit+ sacr$ places 9 ,india4 ,he w5t by l& z f> z ,ceylon1 & return$ f t isl& by sea aft] an abs5ce ( fifte5 ye>s4 ,?is j\rney furni%es an illu/ration ( ! intellig5t e>ne/ness ( ! ,*9ese ,buddhi/s ( ?is p]iod4 ,f ! ye>s #dbj ,a4,d4 to #dea1 ! ,buddhi/s suff]$ opposition on ! "p ( ! rul+ ,t>t> family ( ! ,wei dyna/y4 ,9 ! ye> #ebf ,a4,d41 ! fam\s ,bodhidh>ma came to ,canton4 ,he 0 receiv$ ) great honor at ! c\rt ( ! ,emp]or ( ,s\!rn ,*9a4 ,! emp]or said to him3 8,f my accession to ! ?rone1 ,i h be5 incessantly build+ temples1 transcrib+ sacr$ books1 & admitt+ new monks to take ! v[s4 ,h[ mu* m]it may ,i be suppos$ to h accumulat$80 ,! reply 03 8,none40 ,! emp]or3 8,& :y no m]it80 ,! patri>*3 8,all ?is is b ! insignificant effect ( an imp]fect cause n complete 9 itself4 ,x is ! %ad[ t foll[s ! sub/ance1 & is )\t real exi/5ce40 ,! emp]or3 8,!n :at is true m]it80 ,! patri>*3 8,x consi/s 9 purity & enlight5m5t1 dep? & complet5ess1 & 9 be+ wrapp$ 9 ?\ght :ile surr\nd$ by vacancy & /illness4 ,m]it su* z ?is _c be s\ght by worldly means40 ,! emp]or3 8,:i* is ! mo/ important ( ! holy doctr9es80 ,! patri>*3 8,:]e all is empt9ess1 no?+ c be call$ #8holy' 7%+740 ,! emp]or3 8,:o is he t ?us replies to me80 ,! patri>*3 8,i d n "k40 ,! emp]or--says ! ,buddhi/ n>rator--/ill rema9$ un5light5$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,sale ,,( ,,pray]s1 ,,conduct$ ,,by ,,! ,,prie/s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,porcela9 ,,t[] ,,at ,,nank+1 ,,*9a4 ,bodhidh>ma1 n be+ satisfi$ ) ! result ( 8 int]view ) royalty1 cross$ ! riv] ,yang-tsze into ! ,wei k+dom & rema9$ at ,lo-yang4 ,"h he sat ) 8 face to a wall = n9e ye>s4 ,! p call$ him ! 8,wall-gaz+ ,brahm940 ,:5 x 0 repres5t$ to ! emp]or ( ! h\se ( ,liang1 t ! great tea*]1 :o possess$ ! preci\s heirloom ( ,%akya1 ! symbol ( ! hidd5 law ( ,buddha1 0 lo/ to 8 k+dom1 he rep5t$ & s5t mess5g]s to invite him to return4 ,!y fail$ 9 _! err&4 ,! pres5ce ( ! ,indian sage excit$ ! m ard5t ,*9ese ,buddhi/s to make great ef=ts to conqu] ! s5sations4 ,?us "o ( !m1 we are told1 said to himself3 8,=m]ly1 = ! sake ( religion1 m5 broke op5 _! bones & extract$ ! m>r[1 took blood f _! arms to give to ! hungry1 roll$ _! hair 9 ! mud or ?rew !mselves d[n a precipice to fe$ a fami%+ tig]4 ,:at c ,i d80 ,accord+ly :ile sn[ 0 fall+1 he expos$ himself to x till x _h ris5 above 8 knees1 :5 ! patri>* obs]v+ him1 ask$ him :at he hop$ to ga9 by x4 ,! "y aspirant to ! victory ov] self wept at ! "q1 & said3 8,i only desire t m]cy may op5 a pa? to save ! :ole race ( mank9d40 ,! patri>* repli$1 t su* an act 0 n wor?y ( comp>ison ) ! acts ( ! ,buddhas4 ,x requir$1 he told him1 v little virtue or resolution4 ,8 disciple1 /ung ) ! answ]1 took a %>p knife1 sev]$ 8 arm1 & plac$ x be=e ! patri>*4 ,! latt] express$ 8 high approval ( ! de$1 & :5 aft] n9e ye>s' abs5ce he return$ to ,india1 he appo9t$ ! disciple :o _h p]=m$ ?is /range act to succe$ him z patri>* 9 ,*9a4 ,,pagodas4 ,! ^w ,pagoda has be5 appli$ by ,fr5* & ,portuguese au?ors to temples :]e images are wor%ip$ & prie/s live1 b ,engli% writ]s conf9e ! ^w to ! high1 tap]+ polygonal /ructures se5 9 ,*9a1 :i* are call$ t\rs by ! ,fr5*4 ,etymologically1 ! ^w signifies 8h\se ( idols10 or 8abode ( ,god10 be+ d]iv$ f ! ,p]sian words b1 an idol1 & kadah1 a h\se1 a temple4 ,"s ( ! pagodas are built ^u hill-tops & o!r places = ! purpose ( secur+ ! prosp]ity ( ! locality by ! laws ( geomancy4 ,^! latt] are n us$ = wor%ip+ 94 ,"s au?ors use int]*angeably ! words dagaba & pagoda4 ,exactness ) ref]5ce to ,ori5tal t]ms is v difficult to atta94 ,! same ^w is n unfrequ5tly us$ among ! natives !mselves1 to d5ote diff]5t objects1 & travel]s frequ5tly conf\nd ! t]ms & use !m confus$ly4 ,we aim at ! highe/ precision4 ,dagabas are l(ty1 tap]+1 cyl9drical build+s1 erect$ ov] a relic ( ,buddha1 ?\gh sometimes pagodas also are us$ = keep+ ! relics ( ,buddha4 ,! pagoda at ,tung ,*o1 ne> ,pek+1 has ?irte5 /ories1 & is #aej feet high2 its base is =ty feet 9 diamet]4 ,x /&s ne> ! nor!rn wall ( ! city1 & is ! mo/ conspicu\s object to be se5 = _m miles ar\nd ! place4 ,once a ye> x is ! cu/om1 9 "s cities1 to illum9ate ! pagodas4 ,a l>ge numb] ( pap] lant]ns are us$1 ea* hav+ a lamp or common c&le 9 x4 ,! prie/s hang ! light$ lant]ns at ea* corn] ( ea* /ory ( ! pagoda4 ,at ,nank+ !re /ood1 a %ort "t s9ce1 a celebrat$ pagoda1 call$ ! 8,porcela9 ,t[]40 ,?is t[] 0 ( equal /ories1 ! l[] "o be+ #abj feet ar\nd4 ,x re/$ ^u a solid f\ndation ( brick "w1 t5 feet high1 up :i* a flight ( twelve /eps l$ to ! t[]4 ,a spiral /aircase l$ to ! top1 :i* 0 #bfj feet f ! gr\nd4 ,! body ( ! t[] 0 ( brick2 ?is 0 encas$ ) tiles ( glaz$ porcela9 ( gre51 r$1 yell[ & :ite1 & v>i\s o!r colors4 ,! /ories _h project+ ro(s1 :i* 7 cov]$ ) gre5 tiles1 & sev5ty-two bells 7 susp5d$ f ea* corn]4 ,^! bells 7 rung by ! w9d1 & s5t _! t9kl+ tones d[n among ! busy cr[ds bel[4 ,9 ! int]ior 7 hundr$s ( little gild$ images4 ,! t[] 0 comm5c$ #adcj ,a4,d41 & f9i%$ 9 #addi ,a4,d4 ,x 0 totally de/roy$ by ! ,tae-,p+ rebels ab\t #ahfj4 ,,*9ese ,,buddhi/ ,,temples4 ,! temples ( ! ,buddhi/s1 9 ,*9a1 are ( v>i$ con/ruction4 ,v _m ( !m be> evid5ces ( neglect & decay4 ,9 ! cities & _! suburbs1 along ! highways1 /&+ alone by ! roadside or on ! hill-tops1 are ?\s&s ( ^! edifices1 call$ joss-h\ses by =eign]s1 9 :i* are idols ( e description1 be=e :i* inc5se is burn+4 ,^! temples are devot$ to ! wor%ip ( v>i\s deities1 z ! goddess ( sailors1 ! god ( w>1 ! gods ( special neighborhoods or occupations4 ,g5]ally at ! entrance ( ! temple drums or bells are plac$4 ,^! are /ruck by ! wor%ip]s z !y ent]1 ei!r to call ! att5tion ( ! gods to ! wor%ip ab\t to be begun1 or to summon ! att5dant prie/s4 ,elijah taunt$ ! prie/s ( ,baal1 :5 !y ga%$ !mselves be=e _! alt> on ,m\nt ,c>mel1 z !y %\t$ to ! sun1 z x rose maje/ically 9 ! heav5s1 call+ him to come & consume _! (f]+s4 ,he sugge/$ t p]haps _! god1 ,baal1 0 asleep1 & ne$$ to be awak5$ by a noise1 or t he might be away on a j\rney & ne$$ to be recall$4 ,s ! ,*9ese wor%ip]s seem to deem x necess>y to ar\se _! gods to he> _! pray]s4 ,on ent]+ ! temple1 ! wor%ip] faces ! idols1 :i* are g5]ally 9 a sitt+ po/ure1 on a plat=m ab\t five feet f ! floor4 ,gu>d+ ! entrance1 g5]ally1 !re are two gigantic images /&+1 fac+ ea* o!r4 ,sometimes1 z 9 ! temple ( ! ,ku%an ,mona/]y1 !re are f\r /atues2 ^! repres5t ! m9i/]s ( ,buddha4 ,! fir/ has black eyes1 & a fi]ce c\nt5ance1 int5d$ to /rike awe to ! he>t2 he holds a huge1 drawn sword 9 8 h&s2 a horrible1 black1 dw>fi% figure cr\*es b5ea? 8 feet4 ,! second is a m]ry god1 play+ on a guit>4 ,! ?ird /&s ) an unfold$ umbrella4 ,! f\r? holds 9 "o h& a /ruggl+ s]p5t1 9 ! o!r a ball4 ,g5]ally1 !re are ?ree images ( ,buddha1 seat$ side by side1 9 a sort ( pavilion2 ^! are call$ ! 8,?ree ,preci\s ,ones10--,buddha pa/1 pres5t & to come4 ,illu/ration3 ,,beat+ ,,on ,a ,,temple ,,drum ,,to ,,attract ,,! ,,god4 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,( ,,! 8,,?ree ,,preci\s ,,buddhas10 ,,at ,,san ,,francisco4 ,,cal4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! 8,,?ree ,,preci\s ,,buddhas40 ,! ,*9ese :o h come to ,am]ica h br\ght ) !m _! idolatries1 s t hea!n temples h be5 op5$ = wor%ip ( idols1 ev5 9 ?is ,*ri/ian l&4 ,z mo/ ( ^! ,*9ese are 9 ,san ,francisco1 ! l>ge/ ,buddhi/ temple 9 ,am]ica is to be f\nd !re4 ,! ?ree idols ( ,buddha are seat$ "u a lacqu]$ canopy4 ,be=e !m is a sort ( alt>1 on :i* is a vessel ( a%es1 9 :i* ! inc5se-/icks are plac$4 ,beside ?is is a %all[ di%1 fill$ ) pebbles & wat]1 & ! n>cissus 7daffodil7 plant gr[+ 9 x4 ,9 front ( ! alt> /&s a l>ge ,*9ese table1 on :i* five bronze vases are plac$--! end ones = fl[]s1 ! c5tral = ! symbols ( ! ?ree ,buddhas1 & ! o!rs = c&les4 ,! c5tral figure ( ! ?ree idols repres5ts ! ,buddha1 ! ,intellig5ce2 ! "o to 8 "r is ,dh>ma1 ! ,law1 & ! o!r is ,sangha1 ! ,prie/hood4 ,beside ! ma9 pavilion is ! %r9e ( ,kwan-,y91 ! goddess ( m]cy & ! que5 ( ,heav54 ,! idols 9 ,*9ese temples range f six to twelve feet high1 & are mo/ly made ( wood1 cov]$ ) gilt4 ,sometimes !y are ( bronze1 wood or /ucco1 gild$1 & ( gigantic size4 ,cr[ds ( second>y div9ities are rang$ r\nd ! walls ( ! temples4 ,! wor%ip 9 ! temples is v simple4 ,! wor%ip] fir/ pres5ts an (f]+ ( money or rice1 !n pro/rates himself on 8 mat1 be=e ! idols1 rubb+ ! palms ( 8 h&s toge!r1 tell+ 8 beads & mumbl+ 8 pray]s4 ,! p are com+ & go+ all ! day long1 = ! temples are nev] %ut4 ,9 ,pek+ is a temple call$ ! 8,temple ( ! ,?\s& ,lamas40 ,9 ,canton is ! 8,temple ( ! ,five ,hundr$ ,gods40 ,^! are ! 8,arhans10 or s*ol>s ( ,buddha4 ,z a temple1 x is mu* l all ! o!r ,*9ese temples1 b x diff]s f all 9 ! images ( ! deifi$ disciples ( ,buddha4 ,^! are life-size1 sitt+ on _! heels1 9 ,ori5tal /yle1 ea* exhibit+ ! wond]ful act = :i* he has be5 deifi$4 ,! eyes ( "o are p]petually turn$ to ,heav51 & are suppos$ nev] to h w9k$4 ,ano!r held 8 h& above 8 head until x has become immovable4 ,ano!r has held 8 h& out s /eadily & s(tly t a bird has come & built its ne/ 9 x4 ,ano!r became s holy t ,buddha op5$ 8 brea/ & ent]$ 8 he>t4 ,!y are made ( clay1 & gild$4 ,be=e ea* is a vessel ( a%es = ! joss-/icks1 & vases = fl[]s4 ,?is is "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ places 9 ,canton1 & is "o ( ! temples mo/ visit$ by =eign]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,buddha ,,9 ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,?\s& ,,lamas1 ,,pek+1 ,,*9a4 ,"o ( ! mo/ spl5did temples1 & occupi$ by "o ( ! mo/ dev\t assemblages ( all hea!ndom4 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,( ,,kwan ,,y91 ,,que5 ,,( ,,heav51 ,,at ,,canton1 ,,*9a4 ,,! ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,kwan-,,y94 ,kwan-,y91 ! goddess ( m]cy1 is wor%ip$ ) great pomp on ! n9ete5? day ( ! second mon?1 :i* is ! anniv]s>y ( h] bir?1 & also on ! anniv]s>ies ( h] dea? & canonization4 ,! /ory ( ! c>e] ( ?is canoniz$ ,buddhi/ nun is full ( m>vels1 & x is sc>cely possible to ent] h] temples )\t f9d+ wom5 & *ildr5 9 !m4 ,on h] anniv]s>ies1 wom5 resort to !m 9 l>ge numb]s1 & light inc5se-/icks at ! sacr$ lamp above ! alt>4 ,!y c>ry ! burn+ inc5se to _! homes1 z ! smoke is suppos$ to possess a purify+ effect4 ,o!r vot>ies1 :o h sick relatives1 expose tea to ! smoke1 :i* rises 9 cl\ds f ! inc5se burn+ on ! alt>4 ,on _! return home !y adm9i/] ! tea to ! sick4 ,kwan-,y9 is also mu* wor%ip$ dur+ ! ,ts+-,m+1 or ,wor%ip+ ( ,graves1 z %e is suppos$ to ext5d h] protect+ c>e ov] ! s\ls ( dep>t$ ones4 ,pap] repres5tations ( clo!s1 h\ses1 s]vants & s$an *airs1 fa%ion$ ( ! same mat]ial1 are at su* a season burnt 9 front ( h] alt>s4 ,! goddess is suppos$ to convey ^! (f]+s to ! dep>t$ spirits = :om !y are int5d$4 ,! c]emony is usually p]=m$ at midnight4 ,at ?is season1 also1 ladies resort to h] temples to pray = afflict$ husb&s or *ildr54 ,! =m ( wor%ip obs]v$ on su* occasions is conduct$ by ,buddhi/ prie/s4 ,two tables are plac$1 ab\t six feet ap>t1 9 front ( ! idol1 & fruits & fl[]s are arrang$ ^u !m z (f]+s4 ,! ladies sit or kneel ne> ! tables1 & ! prie/s m>* r\nd !m to sl[ music4 ,! music quick5s1 & at la/ ! prie/s are f\nd c>e]+ r\nd ! tables4 ,?is absurd s]vice is br\ght to a close by ! prie/s ru%+ wildly t[>d ! ladies1 & 9 mo/ extravagant t]ms t5d]+ !m _! congratulations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,colossal ,,gild$ ,,buddha--,fifty feet high2 c>v$ f ! solid rock4 ,illu/ration3 ,,alt> ,,( ,a ,,*9ese ,,pagoda1 ,,ne> ,,! ,,k9-,,*a ,,riv]1 ,,we/]n ,,*9a4 ,! temples 9 honor ( ! ,goddess ( ,m]cy are v num]\s ?r\gh\t ! empire4 ,9 ! mo/ important ( ^!1 at ,canton1 7 at "o "t sev]al ornam5ts ( great value1 :i* _h be5 pres5t$ to ! goddess by ! ,emp]or ,ta\-kwang1 9 return = bless+s :i* %e 0 suppos$ to h conf]r$ on ! s\!rn portion ( ! empire4 ,"o ( ^! 0 a jade-/one ornam5t ( great value1 :i* 0 pres5t$ 9 ackn[l$gm5t ( a victory :i* ! goddess 0 suppos$ to h giv5 to ! ,*9ese troops ov] ! ,briti% b>b>ians1 z !y are call$1 9 #ahda4 ,,! ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,kum-,,fa4 ,ano!r goddess :o is popul> ) ,*9ese wives is ,kum-,fa1 ! tutel>y goddess ( wom5 & *ildr54 ,a native ( ,canton1 %e fl\ri%$ dur+ ! reign ( ,*+-hwa1 :o asc5d$ ! ?rone ,a4,d4 #adfe4 ,:5 a girl ( t5d] ye>s1 %e 0 a con/ant & regul> visitor to all ! temples 9 h] imm$iate neighborhood4 ,%e is said to h _h ! p[] ( commun+ ) ! spirits ( ! dep>t$4 ,becom+ at l5g? tir$ ( ! _w1 %e committ$ suicide by dr[n+4 ,9 c\rse ( "t1 h] body rose to ! surface ( ! wat]1 & :5 x 0 tak5 out ! air became impregnat$ ) sweet-smell+ odors4 ,x 0 plac$ 9 a c(f91 & a s&al-wood /atue or idol ( ,kum-,fa rose app>5tly f ! b$ ( ! riv]1 & rema9$ /ation>y4 ,a temple 0 erect$ = ! image1 b an iconocla/ delib]ately de/roy$ x by fire1 & x is n[ replac$ by a clay figure4 ,h] pr9cipal temple /&s on ! s\? side ( ! riv] at ,canton4 ,h] vot>ies are mo/ly wives :o desire to become mo!rs4 ,! li/ ( ! duties :i* h] m9i/]+ att5dants divide among !m is a complete summ>y ( ! art ( re>+ *ildr54 ,"o is consid]$ to be ! gu>dian ( *ildr5 suff]+ f small-pox4 ,! second presides ov] ! ablutions ( infants4 ,! ?ird sup]9t5ds ! fe$+ ( new-born babes & "y *ildr54 ,! f\r? is ! especial patroness ( male infants4 ,! fif? att5ds to ! c>eful prep>ation ( infants' food4 ,! six? wat*es ov] wom5 labor+ ) *ild4 ,x is 9 ! p[] ( ! sev5? to be/[ ^u wom5 :o h conceiv$1 male or female *ildr51 9 answ] to _! pray]s4 ,! eigh? c bless wom5 ) male (fspr+4 ,! n9? makes *ildr5 m]ry & joyful4 ,! t5? sup]9t5ds ! cutt+ ( ! umbilical cord4 ,! elev5? causes wom5 to conceive4 ,x is ! privilege ( ! twelf? to make *ildr5 smile4 ,! ?irte5? has ! c>e ( infants until !y are able to walk4 ,! f\rte5? tea*es !m to d s4 ,x is ! call+ ( ! fifte5? to tea* !m h[ to suck4 ,! sixte5? wat*es ov] unborn babes4 ,on ! sev5te5?1 x devolves to see t _! bodies are1 imm$iately be=e bir?1 free f sores or ulc]s4 ,! eighte5? is reg>d$ z ! special patroness ( female infants4 ,to imp>t /r5g? to infants is ! duty ( ! n9ete5?2 & ! tw5tie? is nam$ ,fo-%ee-fa-fu-yan4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,goddess ,,ma-,,*u ,,& ,,h] ,,assi/ants4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?irte5-,,/ori$ ,,pagoda ,,at ,,tung-,,*o1 ,,*9a4 ,,idols4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,idol4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,idol4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,idol4 ,9 "s ( ! temples ! idols are v num]\s1 & 9 ,yang-*[ !re is "o 9 :i* !re are said to be no few] ?an #aj1jjj4 ,! idols1 :i* are v dim9utive1 are conta9$ 9 "o l>ge hall1 & 9 _! fanciful1 b ord]ly arrangem5t1 pres5t a v s+ul> appe>ance4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! hall /&s a pavilion ( wood1 mo/ elaborately c>v$1 "u :i* is plac$ a l>ge idol ( ,buddha4 ,! pavilion1 )9 & )\t1 is lit]ally /udd$ ) small idols1 :i* are diff]5t repres5tations ( ! same deity4 ,on ea* ( ! f\r sides ( ! hall are small brackets1 support+ idols ( ,buddha2 & a /ill l>g] numb] ( ^! are plac$ on ! beams & pill>s ( ! vault$ ro(4 ,two are full-siz$ figures ( ! sleep+ ,buddha4 ,at ,pek+ & ,canton !re are halls precisely simil>4 ,! hall ( #aj1jjj idols1 at ,canton1 is1 l ! mona/]y ( :i* x =ms a "p1 9 a mo/ ru9\s /ate1 & ! majority ( ! idols ) :i* its walls 7 at "o "t adorn$ h disappe>$ 9 ways n n[ und]/ood4 ,9 ! prefecture ( ,%u-h+1 :]e m>ble qu>ries ab\nd1 idols are 9 _m cases made ( t mat]ial4 ,at ,pun-new-*an1 a m>ket-t[n on ! banks ( ! ,gr& ,canal1 "o sees 9 a ru9$ mona/]y ?ree l>ge iron idols1 repres5t+ ! ,pa/1 ,pres5t & ,future ,buddhas4 ,!re are 9 c]ta9 temples /one1 e>!nw>e & porcela9 figures4 ,! ?ree l>ge idols 9 ! ,tai-fan mona/]y1 at ,canton1 are said to be made ( copp]1 & _m ( ! small idols ( ,buddha are also made ( ! same mat]ial4 ,buddha is repres5t$ 9 a v>iety ( po/ures1 & "s ( ! figures h smil+ c\nt5ances1 :il/ o!rs appe> decid$ly sorr[ful4 ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,horrors4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,buddhi/',s ,,idea ,,( ,,hell4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,*9ese ,,picture ,,( ,,! ,,goddess ,,( ,,m]cy ,,deliv]+ ,a ,,s\l ,,f ,,purgatory ,,by ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,lotus-,,fl[]4 ,ne> ! ,temple ( ! ,five ,hundr$ ,gods is ! 8,temple ( ,horrors10 s call$ by =eign]s1 :]e are t5 cells1 9 :i* are exhibit$ ! v>i\s pa9s ( ! ,buddhi/ purgatory4 ,! actual sc5es are exhibit$ 9 clay figures1 ab\t two-?irds life-size4 ,! fir/ cell1 ab\t t5 feet squ>e1 :i* is ! measurem5t ( ea* ( !m1 is ! hall ( judgm5t1 :]e ! poor wret*es are tri$4 ,!n comes "o *amb] :]e a man is receiv+ f ! demons a t]rible :ipp+1 be+ /ret*$ on ! gr\nd face d[nw>d1 by two m51 :ile a ?ird is beat+ him ) a paddle4 ,! next cell exhibits a crim9al fa/5$ 9 a frame1 head d[nw>d1 & be+ sawn 9 two1 l5g?wise4 ,9 ! next1 ano!r is suff]+ ! tortures ( sl[ burn+2 ano!r is suppos$ to be sitt+ "u a r$-hot bell4 ,9 ! next !re are cages1 & "s *a9$ ) a ,*9ese cangue2 9 ano!r !y are be+ behead$2 &1 9 ano!r1 !y are gr\nd 9 a mill & p\nd$ 9 a mort>4 ,9 ! next !y are boil+ a poor fell[ 9 oil2 &1 9 ! la/1 "s poor wret*es1 = hav+ be5 guilty ( eat+ beef1 are be+ !mselves sl[ly trans=m$ into ox54 ,sev]al figures 9 ?is cell pres5t ! v>i\s /eps ( ?is trans=mation4 ,9 all ^! cells num]\s figures ( demons are look+ on ) expressions ( diabolical satisfaction1 &1 /range to say1 ar\nd ! sides ( ea* ( ! cells are rang$ 9 sc5ic mann] m\nta9 & hillside retreats1 on :i* are se5 small] figures ( ! good & sav$1 seem+ to take an equal delight 9 witness+ ! pa9s ( ! unhappy ones :o h miss$ ( p>adise4 ,not)/&+ all ^! horrors1 boo?s are r5t$ out be=e all ^! cells1 & a lively traffic is c>ri$ on1 & ! prie/s !mselves drive a l>ge trade 9 sell+ fans1 sacrificial money1 etc41 :i* are to be burn$ = ! use ( ^! suff]+ wret*es4 ,b a ,buddhi/ may be s5t by ! judges to purgatory )\t be+ oblig$ to rema9 !re4 ,! liv+ relations1 if !y b pay en\gh to ! prie/s1 & beg (t5 & long en\gh to p]suade ! prie/s to pray to ,kwan-,y91 ! goddess ( m]cy1 to deliv] _! dead fri5ds f purgatory1 x w be accompli%$1 s say ! prie/s1 by means ( ! sacr$ lotus-fl[]s4 ,! clay images 9 _m ( ! 8,temples ( ,horrors0 are sometimes made s z to move _! limbs & jaws1 :5 a /r+ is pull$ by "s unse5 p]son4 ,occasionally ! p meet 9 great cr[ds = ! purpose ( wor%ip+ ,kwan-,y91 & besee*+ h] to deliv] f ! t5 dep>tm5ts ( hell ^? :o h no fri5ds to int]c$e = !m2 !n a :olesale deliv]y is suppos$ to take place4 ,! prie/s are greatly enri*$ at su* seasons1 & !re=e ^! occasions are num]\s4 ,,mona/]ies4 ,! mona/]ies are (t5 embosom$ among ! hills1 & surr\nd$ by groves ( bamboo & o!r trees4 ,^! are sometimes 9 ! neighborhood ( cr[d$ cities2 at o!r times1 away 9 ! lonely wilds ( ! m\nta9s4 ,!y are g5]ally us$ z temples1 z well z dwell+s = ! prie/s4 ,! mona/]ies h kit*5s1 eat+-rooms1 sleep+ ap>tm5ts & libr>ies4 ,mo/ ( ! l>g] mona/]ies own l&1 or o!r prop]ty1 f :i* annual r5t1 payable 9 crops or money1 is receiv$4 ,9 connection ) "s ( ^! mona/]ies are l>ge bells4 ,^! h no tongues1 b are /ruck on ! outside by a pond]\s sw++ beam4 ,9 "s few cases ! s\nd ( ! bell is n suff]$ to cease2 relays ( prie/s keep x always r++4 ,9 ! mona/]ies g5]ally1 morn+ wor%ip is held be=e daylight1 & ev5+ wor%ip ab\t five o'clock 9 ! aft]noon4 ,! s]vice la/s f an h\r to an h\r & a half4 ,all ! prie/s jo9 9 x4 ,! s]vice consi/s1 pr9cipally1 ( a *ant or recitation ( passages f ! ,buddhi/ sacr$ books1 ! ,sanskrit pray]s 9 :i* h be5 translit]at$ 9 ,*9ese *>act]s4 ,?is is accompani$1 n by ! music ( organs1 b by "o or two ( ! prie/s beat+ ! "t on a holl[ 8wood5 fi%40 ,! *ant is impressive1 ?\gh monoton\s4 ,(t5 !y move 9 sl[ processions ab\t ! room1 *ant+ z !y m>*1 & b[+ :5 !y pass & re-pass ! image ( ,buddha4 ,illu/ration3 ,,monum5t ,,( ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,lama1 ,,ne> ,,pek+1 ,,*9a4 ,9 ! mona/]ies great att5tion is paid to com=t4 ,!re are rooms = ! reception ( (fic]s1 = ! common p1 /udy rooms & ! room = daily wor%ip2 9 addition1 a place is sometimes provid$ = keep+ liv+ animals4 ,^! are n kept = food1 b are donat$ by devotees :o s5d !m !re4 ,x is a "p ( ! ,buddhi/ fai? n to kill any liv+ creature1 because1 if "o kills or injures a horse1 or any o!r animal1 he may be inflict+ suff]+ on 8 "m1 or "s o!r fri5d4 ,= ! same reason1 ! ,buddhi/ prie/s ( ,*9a sometimes take c>e ( sick & w\nd$ animals4 ,no animal is put to dea?1 b p]mitt$ to die a natural dea?1 & !n is buri$4 ,:5 y tell ! prie/s t ! air1 wat]1 vegetables or gra9 !y eat are full ( t9y1 liv+ animals1 & :5 y try to %[ !m by ! help ( ! microscope1 !y refuse to believe t !y are really animals hav+ organic life4 ,! ,*9ese dislike ! ,buddhi/ prie/s1 because !y dis[n ! family relation1 & yet !y patronize !m & foll[ _! tea*+s ) an unque/ion+ fai? & an implicit ob$i5ce4 ,illu/ration3 ,,prie/ ,,at ,a ,,pray+-,,:eel4 ,a ,,monk',s ,,monum5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,*9ese ,,bonze1 ,,or ,,prie/4 ,)9 ! gr\nds ( an old ,buddhi/ temple1 ab\t half a mile f ,pek+1 is a magnific5t m>ble monum5t4 ,a hundr$ ye>s ago1 or m1 ! ,te%u ,lama ( ,?ibet1 a man ( great sanctity1 di$4 ,he di$ ( ! small-pox4 ,:ile 8 body 0 embalm$ & s5t back to ,?ibet1 ov] 8 clo?+ 0 built ?is great mausoleum4 ,x is built ( beautiful m>ble1 & f ! base ( ! t]race to ! l>ge gilt ball on ! top is ab\t n9ety feet 9 height4 ,sc5es f ! life ( ?is ,lama1 di/+ui%$ = 8 piety & devotion1 are sculptur$ 9 bas-relief on ! monum5t4 ,^! include 8 bir?1 8 conv]sion to ! ,buddhi/ religion1 8 tea*+ 8 disciples & 8 dea?4 ,! c>v+ is execut$ by ! ,*9ese1 ) a high degree ( arti/ic ta/e & skill4 ,on ! top ( ! monum5t is a neat m>ble urn1 & on ?is a lotus-fl[] & a gild$ m>ble globe4 ,n only ,*9ese ,buddhi/s1 b ev5 ! ,?ibetans1 greatly v5]ate ?is monum5t4 ,(t5 !y may be se5 measur+ _! l5g? on ! gr\nd1 & 9 ?is way proce$+ entirely ar\nd ! monum5t4 ,,*9ese ,,buddhi/ ,,bonzes4 ,! prie/s (t5 g 9 companies ( ?irty & =ty1 dress$ 9 loose1 yell[ robes ( cotton or silk1 ) a wide coll>1 ) beads ar\nd _! necks1 begg+ = ! support ( _! mona/]ies4 ,! p w give !m rice1 or oil1 or1 p]haps1 8ca%10 :i* is ! "n ( ! common r\nd ,*9ese co91 hav+ a squ>e hole 9 ! c5tre4 ,! prie/s %ave ! hair f _! heads1 & (t5 spots on _! heads are burnt ) coals ( fire s t ! hair w nev] gr[ aga92 ?is is a badge ( _! pr(ession4 ,!y nev] m>ry1 & !y leave _! homes =ev]4 ,!y nev] ev5 sleep 9 dwell+-h\ses ) o!r p4 ,!y make no fri5d%ips1 b %ut !mselves (f f ! re/ ( mank9d4 ,!y pr(ess to h giv5 up ! _w & all its pleasures4 ,!y pass _! "t 9 *ant+ f ! ,buddhi/ sacr$ books4 ,!y are employ$ 9 private families to pray = ! sick & dy+1 or = ! dead1 = :i* !y are paid4 ,! ranks ( ! prie/s are recruit$ by buy+ boys :o are tra9$ = ! prie/hood4 ,(t51 m&>9s tir$ ( bus9ess1 or %op-keep]s unsuccessful 9 trade1 or s*ol>s fail+ to pass ! exam9ations1 w ent] ! mona/]ies & become monks1 or1 p]haps1 prie/s4 ,!re are (t5 prie/s :o retire f ! _w altoge!r1 = a "t2 :o receive _! food ?r\gh a hole 9 ! wall ( _! cells4 ,^! pr(ess to give !mselves entirely & only to m$itation1 & s hope to become ,buddhas :5 !y die4 ,! bodies ( ! prie/s are usually burn$ ) great c]emony & are n buri$ z is ! cu/om preval5t ) u4 ,,buddhi/ ,,devotees4 ,_m ,buddhi/ devotees seek to subdue ! fle% by inflict+ pa9ful sev]ities on _! bodies4 ,"o w meet1 frequ5tly1 a company ( prie/s1 "o ( :om w pull up ! sleeve ( 8 coat & uncov]+ an arm )\t a h&1 beg = alms1 assur+ y t he _h1 by a sl[ process1 burn$ 8 h& to ! /ump1 z an atonem5t = 8 s9s & z a recomm5dation = 8 promotion at "s future "t to ! /ate ( ,buddha-hood4 ,at ,pek+ a prie/ w (t5 be se5 sitt+ 9 a s$an *air1 ! int]ior ( :i* is ?ickly /udd$ ) %>p nails & spikes1 s t he c nei!r move nor sleep4 ,he in=ms ^? :o /& r\nd 8 p5it5tial *air t ! nails acquire a heav5ly virtue 9 proportion to ! mis]y :i* !y cause him1 & t he is prep>$ to sell !m = a fair price ea*1 z antidotes aga9/ evil4 ,he assures !m t he _h resolv$ to rema9 9 ! s$an *air until e nail has be5 sold4 ,at ,ti5-ts9 !re =m]ly liv$ a prie/ :o _h pass$ ?r\gh 8 *eek a %>p skew]1 to ! end ( :i* he _h atta*$ a *a94 ,to relieve him ( its weight1 "s little boys held up ! *a9--an act :i* 01 ( c\rse1 reg>d$ z v m]itori\s4 ,sometimes ^! devotees p]=m pilgrimages ( p5ance to di/ant %r9es1 travel+ hundr$s ( miles on foot4 ,x is rem>kable t ! ,buddhi/s %\ld subject !mselves to su* self-torture1 z ,buddha himself1 on "o occasion1 prea*$ a mo/ p[]ful s]mon aga9/ self-torture & all su* follies4 ,,c]emony ,,( ,,! ,,wat]-,,lamps4 ,doolittle1 9 8 "w on ,*9a1 says3 ,frequ5tly a l>ge numb] ( small & *eap e>!n vessels1 %ap$ some:at l b[ls1 is provid$4 ,a prep>ation ( pit* & "s o!r inflammable mat]ial1 or "s oil1 or a c&le1 is put 9 ea*4 ,ar\nd ! top ( ! outside ( ea* are fa/5$ pap] imitations ( lotus-fl[]s or "s o!r pretty plant4 ,e>ly 9 ! ev5+1 ^! vessels are c>ri$ 9 a procession ( prie/s f ! place :]e ! pr9cipal c]emonies are p]=m$ to ! edge ( ! ne>e/ runn+ wat]1 :]e1 ! pit* or oil hav+ be5 light$1 ! vessels are plac$ c>efully on ! wat] & all[$ to float away4 ,! object ( ?is is expla9$ to be1 to af=d lights = ! spirits t come or g by wat]4 ,! prie/s com+ to ! wat] & go+ f x1 on ?is occasion *ant _! classics1 & clap _! cymbals toge!r1 walk+ along sl[ly & 9 s+le file4 ,?is c]emony is call$ lett+ g ! wat]-lamps4 ,illu/ration3 ,,lett+ ,,g ,,! ,,wat]-,,lamps4 ,,! ,,d-,,no?+ ,,sect ,,( ,,re=m$ ,,buddhi/s4 ,= ab\t two hundr$ ye>s !re has exi/$ a sect 9 ,*9a :i* be>s q a close resemblance to ,buddhism1 & yet diff]s widely f ?is fai? 9 t x opposes idolatry4 ,!y are call$ ! ,wu-,wei-,kiau1 or 8,! ,d-no?+ ,sect40 ,_! c5tral doctr9e seems to be t religion does n consi/ 9 outw>d ord9ances & c]emonies1 b 9 quiet m$itation4 ,!y h temples b no idols4 ,9 a discussion ) "s prie/s1 :o _h br\ght a huge brass ,buddha to ! c\rt ( ! k+1 ,lo-tsu1 ! f\nd] ( ?is sect1 said3 8,a braz5 ,buddha melts1 & a wood5 ,buddha burns1 :5 expos$ to fire4 ,an e>!n ,buddha _c save itself f wat]4 ,x _c save itself1 !n h[ c x save me8 ,9 e p>ticle ( du/ !re is a k+dom rul$ by ,buddha4 ,9 e temple ! k+ ( ! law resides4 ,! m\nta9s1 ! riv]s1 & ! great e>? =m ,buddha's image4 ,:y1 !n1 c>ve or m\ld an image80 ,?is sect wor%ips1 9 addition to ,buddha1 a goddess call$ ! ,k9-mu1 or 8gold5 "m40 ,%e is believ$ to protect f dang]s1 f sickness & f ! mis]ies ( ! unse5 _w4 ,?is sect eat only vegetables4 ,,booldo1 ,,! ,,buddhism ,,( ,,! ,,coreans4 ,corea is a c\ntry ly+ betwe5 ,*9a & ,japan4 ,buddhism ent]$ x 9 #cgb ,a4,d41 f ,*9a4 ,! ,coreans h two names = ,god2 "o1 a native "n1 ,hannonim1 mean+ ! ,heav5ly ,"o2 ! o!r1 ! ,*9ese "n1 ,%ang-te4 ,buddhism is call$ ,booldo 9 ,corea4 ,! prie/s or monks1 call$ ,joong1 are v num]\s2 !y are said to =m "o-f\r? ( ! :ole male population4 ,_! pr9cipal images are ( brass1 ! second>y ones ( c>v$ /one2 !y h none ( clay4 ,! prie/s dress 9 black or gray1 :ile ! re/ ( ! p g5]ally dress 9 :ite4 ,!y use ros>ies4 ,confucius is wor%ip$ twice a ye> by ! magi/rate ( ea* city 9 ,corea4 ,!re are two v popul> gods--belong+ to ! old religion t exi/$ 9 ,corea be=e ,buddhism 0 introduc$--!y are ! god ( ! m\nta9s & ! god ( ra94 ,! ,buddhi/s h f\r sects 9 ,corea4 ,9 _! doctr9es & g5]al wor%ip !re is b little diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,corean & ! ,*9ese ,buddhi/s4 ,^! few notices ( ,buddhism 9 ,corea mu/ be tak5 ) caution1 = our in=mation respect+ t seclud$ c\ntry is too imp]fect to enable u to describe x fully or ) confid5ce4 ,,*apt] ,,xxxiv4 ,,japanese ,,buddhism4 ,buddhism1 t wor%ip )\t ,god1 t religion ( no?+ness1 inv5t$ by despair1 is sup]ior1 9 _m respects1 to ! religion :i* x has displac$ 9 ,japan4--,,aim ,,humb]t4 ,my m\nta9 dwell+'s ro( ( ?at* ,is ) ,yahemugura moss o'ergr[n1 ,( pass]-by no glimpse ,i cat*1 ,i dwell un*e]$ & alone4 ,,! ,,prie/',s ,,lam5t ,,= ,,! ,,des]t$ ,,temple 7translat$ f ! ,japanese74 ,buddhism 0 introduc$ into ,japan 9 #eeb ,a4,d4 ,by ?is "t1 ! orig9al ,buddhism ( ,india _h be5 v greatly alt]$4 8,x n[ _h a va/ & complicat$ ecclesia/ical & mona/ic ma*9]y1 a geographical & s5su\s p>adise1 def9itely-locat$ hells & purgatories1 populat$ ) a hi]>*y ( titl$ demons4 ,( ^!1 ! prie/s kept ! keys1 regulat$ ! !rmomet]s1 & tim$ or grad$ ! torture or bliss40 ,! ,*9ese _h v greatly modifi$ ! ,buddhism ( ,india1 & ! ,coreans _h /ill fur!r *ang$ ! ,buddhism :i* !y _h receiv$ f ,*9a2 & n[1 ,japan1 9 h] turn1 modifies ! religion %e receiv$ f ,corea4 ,! way 0 prep>$ = ! com+ ( ,buddhism to ,japan4 ,%9toism _h become an empty1 cold sy/em ( political managem5t1 us$ z a support ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,x _h lo/ its hold on ! affections ( ! p1 & !y 7 he>t-hungry = j su* a w>m religi\s sy/em z ,buddhism _h to (f]4 ,9 ! ye> #eeb1 ,k+ ,petsi1 ( ,corea1 s5t to ,k9-,mei1 ! ?irte5? ,mikado ( ,japan1 a /atue ( ,gautama1 toge!r ) books1 bann]s1 a baldaqu9 & o!r objects ( wor%ip4 ,buddha _h said3 8,my doctr9e %all ext5d to ! ,ea/20 & ,k+ ,petsi desir$ to aid 9 fulfill+ t prophecy4 ,! mikado suff]$ ! /atue to rema92 a *apel 0 built = x1 & wor%ip (f]$ by a few ( ! memb]s ( ! mikado's c\rt4 ,an epidemic broke out2 x 0 decl>$ t ! new image 0 ! cause ( x1 & ! *apel 0 !reupon burn$ & ! /atue ca/ into ! riv]4 ,9 ! reign ( ! next mikado1 ,bidasu1 a ,buddhi/ bonze 7prie/7 came ov] f ,corea4 ,he _h be5 w>n$ ( ! difficulties be=e him1 b surm\nt$ !m by a pleasant device4 ,:5 he 0 pres5t$ to ! mikado at 8 c\rt1 he saw 8 little gr&son1 a boy ( six ye>s old1 at ^: bir? !re _h be5 "s extraord9>y signs4 ,he pro/rat$ himself at ! *ild's feet1 & wor%ip$ him1 decl>+ t he recogniz$ 9 him ! inc>nation ( "o ( ,buddha's disciples1 ! new patron ( ! empire4 ,! mikado left ! *ild 9 ! c>e ( ! ,corean prie/1 to be educat$ by him4 ,z might be expect$1 ! *ild became ! fir/ high-prie/ ( ,buddhism4 ,?r\gh 8 ef=ts1 be+ s closely relat$ to ! ,emp]or1 ! religion spread ) great] rapidity1 & soon became ! dom9ant religion ( ! l&4 ,,bodhidh>ma ,,9 ,,japan4 ,9 ,japan1 z 9 ,india1 !re h be5 _m ascetics1 not$ = _! wond]ful p5ances4 ,"o ( ! fir/ & mo/ fam\s ( ^! is call$ ,bodhidh>ma1 :o f\nd$ ! ,%9-,%9 sect ( ,buddhi/s4 ,he came f ,corea1 9 #fac ,a4,d41 accord+ to ! leg5d1 float+ ^u a l>ge lotus-leaf4 ,kobo ,dai%i1 ! inv5tor ( ! ,japanese syllab>y or alphabet1 0 a celebrat$ prie/1 born 9 #ggd ,a4,d4 ,fodai%i 0 a rem>kable inv5tive g5ius1 :o came f ,*9a4 ,! prie/s _h be5 requir$ to read ! 8:eel ( ! law10 z x 0 call$1 ) great regul>ity4 ,he con/ruct$ a movable desk1 & spread on x ! rolls ( ! sacr$ books4 ,he all[$ 8 disciples1 in/ead ( read+ all ! books ?r\gh--:i* w\ld h be5 a mo/ tiresome task--to give ?is desk a half or ?ree-qu>t]s ( a turn1 c\nt+ x z if !y _h read ! books :i* pass$ be=e !m4 ,he & great prie/s ( lat] days did mu* to mix ! two religions1 ,buddhism & ,%9toism toge!r1 & ?us secure its readi] acceptance4 ,! ?irte5? c5tury 0 ! "t :5 ,buddhism atta9$ ! height ( its prosp]ity4 ,at ?is "t1 _m ( ! greate/ temples 7 built1 & mo/ ( ! sects f\nd$4 ,( ^! sects1 !re are sev5 *ief & "s tw5ty m9or ones1 illu/rat+ ! utmo/ div]sity4 ,,! ,,sun-,,*ild ,,& ,,8 ,,miracul\s ,,deliv]ance4 ,9 #abbb1 a *ild 0 born1 :o 0 nam$ ,ni*ir51 because 8 "m dream$ t ! sun 7ni*i1 9 ,japanese7 _h ent]$ h]4 ,:ile /ill a *ild1 he 0 intru/$ to ! c>e ( a prie/4 ,z he grew up1 he turn$ away f all ! accept$ tea*+s1 & resolv$ to f\nd a new & pur] sect4 ,he *ang$ ! common ,japanese pray] f 8,save u6 ,o ,et]nal ,buddha60 to 8,glory to ! salvation-br++ book ( ! law60 ,?is pray] is inscrib$ 9 ! temples ( ?is sect1 ^u _! tomb-/ones & %r9es1 & 0 ev5 engrav5 on ! %ields ( _! w>riors4 ,ni*ir5 0 a travel+ prea*]1 & he f\nd$ _m temples4 ,he bitt]ly oppos$ all o!r ,buddhi/s1 & made _m bitt] enemies4 ,! /ory is ?us told by ,griffis3 8,on a c]ta9 day1 he 0 tak5 out to a village on ! /r& ( ! bay1 beyond ,kamakura1 & 9 front ( ! lovely isl& ( ,eno%ima4 ,?is village is call$ ,ko%igoye4 ,at ?is "t1 ,ni*ir5 0 =ty-?ree ye>s old4 ,kneel+ d[n ^u ! /r&1 ! sa9tly bonze calmly utt]$ 8 pray]s1 & repeat$ #8,namu mio ho r5 ge kio' ^u 8 ros>y4 ,! swordman lift$ 8 blade &1 ) all 8 might1 made ! d[nw>d /roke4 ,sudd5ly a flood ( bl9d+ light bur/ f ! sky1 & smote bo? ! execution] & ! (ficial inspector deput$ to witness ! sev]$ head4 ,! sword-blade 0 brok5 9 pieces1 :ile ! holy man 0 unh>m$4 ,at ! same mom5t1 ,hojo1 ! ,"l ( ,kamakura1 0 />tl$ at 8 revels 9 ! palace by ! s\nd ( rattl+ ?und] & ! fla% ( lightn+1 ?\gh !re 0 n a cl\d 9 ! sky4 ,daz$ by ! awful signs ( ,heav5's displeasure1 ,hojo ,tokoyori1 div9+ t x 0 on acc\nt ( ! holy victim1 in/antly dispat*$ a fleet mess5g] to /ay ! execution]'s h&1 & reprieve ! victim4 ,simultane\sly1 ! (ficial inspector1 at ! /ill un/a9$ blood-pit1 s5t a c\ri] to beg reprieve = ! sa9t :om ! sword c\ld n t\*4 ,! two m51 com+ f opposite directions1 met at ! small /ream :i* ! t\ri/ /ill crosses on ! way f ,kamakura to ,eno%ima1 & x 0 !reaft] call$ ,yukiai 7meet+ on ! way7 ,riv]1 a "n :i* x reta9s to ?is day4 ,?r\gh ! pitiful clem5cy & int]cession ( ,hojo ,tokimuni1 son ( ! ,"l ( ,kamakura1 ,ni*ir5 0 s5t to ,sado ,isl&4 ,he 0 aft]w>d releas$ by 8 b5efactor1 9 a g5]al amne/y4 ,ni*ir5 f\nd$ 8 sect at ,kioto1 & x greatly fl\ri%$ "u ! c>e ( 8 disciple1 8 rev]5ce1 ,ni*izo4 ,aft] a busy & holy life1 ! great sa9t di$ at ,ikegami1 a little to ! nor?-we/ ( ! ,kawasaki ,railroad /ation1 betwe5 ,yokohama & ,tokio1 :]e ! scream ( ! locomotive & ! rumble ( ! railway c> are b fa9tly he>d 9 ! solemn %ades4 ,!re are to be se5 gorge\s temples1 pagodas1 %r9es1 magnific5t groves & cemet]ies4 ,! dy+ pres5ce ( ,ni*ir5 has l5t ?is place peculi> sanctity2 b 8 bones re/ on ,m\nt ,m9obu1 9 ! prov9ce ( ,kai1 :]e 0 "o ( 8 homes :5 9 ! fle%40 ,illu/ration3 ,,miracul\s ,,deliv]ance ,,( ,a ,,bonze4 ,illu/ration3 ,,%r9e ,,( ,,kwanon4 ,! disciples ( ,ni*ir5 drank 9 _! ma/]'s _s1 & !y long cont9u$ ! mo/ p[]ful sect ( ! ,buddhi/s 9 ,japan4 ,! ,%9 sect1 :i* 0 br\ght to great /r5g? by ,%9ran 9 #abfb ,a4,d41 disc>d$ fa/+1 p5ances1 pilgrimages1 sep>ation f society1 nunn]ies & mona/]ies1 & taught salvation by fai? 9 ,buddha1 & n by works4 ,!y use ! sacr$ ,buddhi/ books 9 a translation into ,japanese1 :ile ! o!r sects us$ ! 7to !m7 un9telligible ,sanskrit & ,*9ese4 ,_! temples are built ma9ly 9 cr[d$ cities4 ,_! prie/s m>ry1 & _! sons succe$ !m 9 (fice4 ,?is sect wields a va/ influ5ce ov] ! religi\s life ( ! p4 ,to ^! two m51 ,%9ran & ,ni*ir51 & _! mission>y labors1 ! great progress ( ,buddhism 9 ,japan is due4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,,kwanon',s ,,temple1 ,,tokio1 ,,japan4 ,,fur!r ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,buddhism ,,9 ,,japan4 ,! books & idols 7 br\ght f ,corea 9 #eeb4 ,9 #ehd sev]al ( ! nobles at c\rt pr(ess$ fai? 9 ! new religion4 ,9 #ehe ! pe/il5ce broke out1 & ! progress ( ,buddhism seem$ to be *eck$4 ,9 #gda an imp]ial decree 0 giv5 t two temples & a sev5-/ori$ pagoda be built 9 ea* prov9ce4 ,?is w\ld seem to indicate ! e/abli%m5t ( ,buddhism 9 ,japan4 ,b1 f ! "t 7#hjj7 :5 ,kobo ,dai%i %[$ t1 accord+ to ,buddhism1 patriotism & piety 7 "o1 & t ! ,%9to gods 7 b ,japanese manife/ations ( ,buddha1 x ga9$ a sure foo?old 9 ,japan2 ! religion spread m & m ext5sively1 until ! f\rte5? c5tury1 :5 ! zeal ( ,ni*ir51 ,%9ran & _! co-work]s 7 some:at =gott54 ,_m ( ! l>ge/ ,buddhi/ temples n[ /&+ 7 built 9 ! twelf? & ?irte5? c5turies1 & are !re=e1 five or six hundr$ ye>s old4 ,9 ! f\rte5? c5tury ! great majority ( ! soldi]s 7 ,buddhi/s4 ,images ( ,buddha 7 sew$ into _! helmets2 texts f ! sacr$ books 7 wov5 into _! bann]s2 & amulets or *>ms1 ) sacr$ *>act]s writt5 on ! pap]s )9 !m1 7 worn z a protection 9 battle4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,hiogo ,,buddha4 ,f ! ye> #aegj ,nobunaga1 a fam\s w>rior1 appe>s z a p]secutor ( ! ,buddhi/s4 ,! ,buddhi/s 7 !n v p[]ful2 !y _h enorm\s mona/]ies & /one-wall$ & moat$ =tresses4 ,! prie/s ( ! v>i\s sects 7 cont9ually qu>rel+ among !mselves1 & us$ arms ) ! dext]ity ( ! soldi]y4 ,!y grew to be less & less /rict 9 _! obs]vance ( religi\s rites & rules z !y grew prosp]\s4 ,on ! %ore ( ,lake ,biwa 0 ! l>ge/ mona/]y 9 all ,japan4 ,"h ?\s&s ( monks 7 ga!r$ toge!r4 ,!y *ant$ _! pray]s be=e gorge\s alt>s1 :ile !y revel$ 9 luxury & lic5ti\sness1 dr9k+ w9e1 eat+ =bidd5 food1 & yield$ to ! *>ms ( concub9es or fann$ ! flames ( w>s betwe5 _! foll[]s & ^? ( o!r sects4 ,nobunaga1 :o _h be5 tra9$ among prie/s1 _h no respect = su* *>act]s2 he 0 born1 br$ & educat$ z a ,%9toi/1 & he hat$ ,buddhism4 ,9 #aega he ord]$ 8 soldi]s to set fire to ?is & o!r mona/]ies1 & to de/roy _! occupants )\t exception4 ,be=e ?is1 ,xavi] & o!r ,jesuit mission>ies _h come to ,japan1 & !y 7 enc\rag$ by ,nobunaga1 because he reg>d$ !m z oppon5ts ( ! ,buddhi/s4 ,b ,buddhism ?riv$ 9 spite ( ?is p]secution4 ,n[ ! :ole c\ntry1 ) its #ce1jjj1jjj ( p1 may be call$ ,buddhi/4 ,b s9ce ! ?irte5? c5tury n _m v ext5sive mona/]ies h be5 built4 ,t "w is ne>ly ab&on$4 ,,buddhi/ ,,sects ,,9 ,,japan4 ,buddhism 9 ,japan is brok5 up into _m sects4 ,^! sects diff] greatly1 mu* m ?an ev5 ,prote/antism & ,roman ,ca?olicism4 ,= a "t !y wag$ bitt] w>s aga9/ ea* o!r1 & s\ght to ext]m9ate ea* o!r4 ,w4 ,e4 ,griffis has prep>$ ! foll[+ tabul> li/ ( ,buddhi/ sects 9 ,japan3 ,*ief ,sects4 ,total numb] ( ,temples4 #a4 ,t5dai1 f\nd$ by ,*i%a1 9 ,*9a1 #f1cia #b4 ,%+on1 ,kobo1 9 ,japan1 ,a4,d4 #hac1 #ae1ejc #c4 ,z51 ,dh>ma1 #ba1edg #d4 ,jodo1 ,hn51 ,a4,d4 #aagc1 #i1hai #e4 ,%91 ,%9ran1 ,a4,d4 #abac1 #ac1gah #f4 ,ni*ir51 ,ni*ir51 9 ,japan1 ,a4,d4 #abfb1 #g4 ,ji1 ,ipp51 0 ,a4,d4 #abhh1 #ehf ,accord+ to ! c5sus tak5 9 ,japan 9 #ahgb1 !re 0 a population ( #cc1aaj1hbe4 ,( ^! !re 7 #ge1ibe prie/s1 abbots & monks2 #i abbesses2 #cg1cbg novices prep>+ to become monks or prie/s2 & #ih1ehe religi\s devotees 7 ga!r$ 9 mona/]ies4 ,^! la/ are mo/ly ( ! ,%9 sect4 ,9 #ahge ! c5sus %[$ a decrease ( ov] #d1jjj ( ^! religieux4 ,besides ! sev5 *ief sects above m5tion$1 !re are tw5ty-"o 8irregul>10 8local0 or 8indep5d5t0 sects1 :i* act ap>t f ! o!rs1 & 9 "s cases h no temples or mona/]ies4 ,a numb] ( o!r sects h orig9at$ 9 ,japan1 fl\ri%$ = a "t1 decay$ & pass$ out ( exi/5ce4 ,mr4 ,griffis e/imates t x took #ijj ye>s to conv]t ! ,japanese f _! nature-wor%ip to ,buddhism4 ,,! ,,prote/ants ,,( ,,buddhism4 ,illu/ration3 ,,buddhi/ ,,%r9e ,,at ,,kobe4 ,illu/ration3 ,,japanese ,,pilgrim ,,9 ,,w9t] ,,dress4 ,illu/ration3 ,,d9+-,,room ,,( ,a ,,buddhi/ ,,mona/]y4 ,! memb]s ( ! ,%9 sect1 f\nd$ 9 #abac1 sometimes call$ ! ,%9%91 at o!r times ! ,monto sect1 are ! ,prote/ants ( ,japanese ,buddhism4 ,!y prote/$ & /ill prote/ aga9/ p5ance1 fa/+1 pilgrimages1 conv5ts & mona/]ies1 h]mitages1 *>ms1 amulets & ! read+ ( ! ,buddhi/ sacr$ books 9 an unkn[n tongue4 ,its f\nd]1 ! prie/ ,%9ran1 m>ri$ a noble lady ( ,kioto4 ,! ,monto prie/s always m>ry & oppose ! celibacy ( ! prie/hood4 ,?is is ! mo/ ?or\ghly organiz$ & e>ne/ly aggressive ( all ! ,buddhi/ sects ( ,japan4 ,its prie/s are wide-awake & active4 ,two ( !m h be5 /udy+ ! ,sanskrit language ) ! fam\s ,pr(essor ,max ,mll]1 prep>+ bett] to und]/& & prea* _! sacr$ books1 :i* are writt5 9 ?is tongue4 ,"o ( ! =emo/ prie/s ( to-day is ,akamatz1 :o sp5t sev]al ye>s 9 ,engl& /udy+ ,sanskrit & ,*ri/ianity4 ,_! temples are ! mo/ magnific5t 9 ,japan4 ,a specially favor$ visitor to ! ,ni%i-,hongu-wanji temple1 :i* may be describ$ z ! ca!dral ( ! ,monto sect1 describes :at %e saw :ile !re z foll[s3 8,we walk$ ar\nd ! outside ( ! public rooms1 :i* are num]\s1 l>ge & l(ty1 by a deep-corridor1 f :i* we saw ! int]ior ?r\gh ! op5 doors & ! dull gleam ( ri* dead gold h9t$ ( ! arti/ic treasures )94 ,= 9 ^! dimly-light$ rooms1 mo/ ( :i* h be5 set ap>t = gue/s = c5turies1 !re are pa9t+'s ne>ly #cjj ye>s old1 & ! walls are ei!r panel$ 9 gold1 or are =m$ ( slid+-scre5s1 heavily ov]laid ) gold-leaf1 on :i*1 9 ! highe/ /yle ( ,japanese art1 are depict$ v>i\s sacr$ emblems--! lotus1 ! /ork1 ! peony1 & ! ,cley]a ,japonica--execut$ v ri*ly & beautifully ) slightly conv5tionaliz$ fidelity to nature4 ,f !nce are pass$ into ! great temple1 ! simple spl5dor ( :i* exce$s any?+ ,i h yet se54 ,! va/ oblong space has a flat ro(1 support$ on _m circul> pill>s ( f9ely-plan$ wood2 a ?ird "p is rail$ (f = ! sanctu>y2 ! panels ( ! fold+-doors & ! panels at ! back are pa9t$ ) fl[]s on a gold gr\nd2 beh9d a black lacqu] alt> /&s a %r9e ( extreme spl5dor1 gleam+ 9 ! twilight2 b on ! high alt> itself !re 7 only two c&le/icks1 two vases ( pure :ite *rysan!mums1 & a glori\s bronze inc5se burn]4 ,an inc5se-burn] 0 ! only object on ! l[ alt>4 ,besides ^! !re 7 six black lacqu] desks1 on ea* desk a roll ( litanies1 & above ! alt> six lamps burn$ l[4 ,x 0 impos+ly magnific5t4 ,! ,japanese h a prov]b3 #8,z h&some z a ,monto alt>4'0 ,illu/ration3 ,,religi\s ,,fe/ival ,,at ,,night ,,9 ,,! ,,temple-,,gr\nds ,,( ,,asakusa1 ,,tokio4 ,?is sect rejects images & all s5su\s p>aph]nalia address$ to ! popul> ta/e4 ,! ,cre$ ( ! ,monto sect is ?us giv5 by ,akamatz3 8,reject+ all religi\s au/]ities & o!r actions1 giv+ up all idea ( self-p[]1 rely ^u ,amita ,buddha ) ! :ole he>t = our salvation1 :i* is ! mo/ important ?+2 believ+ t at ! mom5t ( putt+ "o's fai? 9 ,amita ,buddha our salvation is settl$4 8,f t mom5t invocation ( 8 "n is obs]v$ to express gratitude & ?ankfulness = ,buddha's m]cy4 ,moreov]1 be+ ?ankful = ! reception ( ?is doctr9e f ! f\nd] & succe$+ *ief prie/s1 ^: tea*+s are z k9d & welcome z ! light 9 a d>k night4 8,we mu/ also keep ! laws :i* are fix$ = our duty dur+ our :ole life40 ,,kwanon',s ,,temple ,,at ,,asakusa1 ,,tokio4 ,tokio1 ! ea/]n capital ( ,japan1 is ! mo/ ?ickly populat$ city ( ! empire4 ,x has a v l>ge numb] ( temples & %r9es4 ,! mo/ fam\s & popul> ( all is ! temple ( ,kwanon1 at ,asakusa4 ,asakusa is really "o great play-gr\nd1 ) ! temple 9 ! c5tre4 ,! p ga!r !re = pleasure z well z wor%ip4 ,! approa* to ! temple is by a long lane1 f twelve to fifte5 feet wide1 & is l9$ ) boo?s1 /alls & %ops1 9 :i* toys & articles ( ornam5t & ! l are sold4 ,x is always holiday "t "h4 ,! toys1 dolls & all mann] ( play?+s are display$ 9 wond]ful v>iety4 ,! %ops are op5 all along _! fronts1 & ! toys are arrang$ on /eps1 ris+ z !y 7 f>!r & f>!r f ! front1 s t ev]y?+ 9 ! %ops c\ld be se5 at a glance4 ,! ,japanese are a v dome/ic p1 & ?9k a great deal ( _! *ildr51 & (t5 :5 !y g to ! temple to wor%ip !y take ! *ildr5 ) !m1 & pur*ase toys1 games1 puzzles or dolls = !m at ^! boo?s4 ,inside ! temple-gr\nds are 8tea-h\ses10 z !y are call$1 :]e ! p sit to quaff ! tea f t9y cups1 :ile !y li/5 to "s int]e/+ tale1 z x is told by ! /ory-tell]s4 ,! /ory-tell]s are a regul> pr(ession 9 ,japan4 ,juggl]s & gymna/s1 pa9t]s & play-actors are do+ _! be/ to amuse ! wor%ip]s4 ,little /&s are erect$1 :]e beans 7,japanese peanuts7 are be+ roa/$1 :]e savory /ews are be+ prep>$1 :]e b>ley sug>-c&y is be+ pull$1 or :]e sweetmeats are be+ prep>$ = little pur*as]s4 ,x is a/oni%+ to see ! manifold ways 9 :i* amusem5ts are provid$1 & all is 9 connection ) ! temple s]vices4 ,! own]s ( ! boo?s1 etc41 all pay a p]c5tage ( _! pr(its to ! prie/s4 ,j be=e com+ into ! temple prop]1 "o passes ?r\gh a huge r$ gate-way1 hav+ a comp>tm5t on ea* side ( ! doorway4 ,9 ^! comp>tm5ts are two gigantic wood5 images1 pa9t$ r$4 ,!y are two ( ! gu>dians ( ,heav51 def5d+ ! passage-way1 to keep out evil spirits4 ,! idols are protect$ by wire scre5s1 su* z are us$ to protect /ore w9d[s4 ,to ^! grat+s huge /raw s&als are ti$4 ,!y are ! (f]+s ( ! wor%ip]s = ! use ( ! gods4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve ! prie/s are plac$ on a plat=m1 susp5d$ 9 ?is doorway & "u ! eyes ( ! gods4 ,f ?is position !y di/ribute pap] amulets to ! p1 gu>antee+ ! protection ( ,kwanon to su* :o %all be s =tunate z to secure "o4 ,!y ?r[ !m 9 ! air1 _! s]vants fann+ !m1 s z to di/ribute !m ! m ?or\ghly1 & ! great1 surg+ cr[ds /ruggle 9 _! se>* ( !m4 ,inside ! gate-way are m boo?s2 ^! are = ! sale ( ! objects to be us$ 9 wor%ip--idols1 ros>ies1 c&les1 dome/ic alt>s & ! l4 ,"h1 9 a little /able on ! left ( ! way1 is an ,alb9o pony4 ,?is is = ! use ( ! goddess ,kwanon4 ,ea* morn+ ! prie/s lead ! pony be=e ! goddess1 & ask h] if %e does n wi% to take a ride4 ,at a l>ge table ne> by1 an old woman sells l>ge beans1 :i* ! pi\s wor%ip] buys & give to ! sacr$ :ite horse = food4 ,he has a prie/ to att5d him4 ,on ano!r table ! wor%ip] pur*ases a small di% ( beans1 :i* he ?r[s on ! gr\nd1 & imm$iately flocks ( pigeons sweep d[n & eat !m4 ,^! are sacr$ pigeons1 to :om ! "r ( us+ ! temple & all its build+s is giv54 ,)9 ! temple-gr\nds1 & surr\nd+ ! temple ( ,kwanon1 are "s =ty or fifty sacr$ build+s1 temples & %r9es1 devot$ to ! wor%ip ( almo/ all ! national gods--%r9es ( ,sanno1 ! rul]-god2 ,dai-,koka1 ! rice god2 ,b5t51 goddess ( h>mony2 ,ha*iman1 god ( w>2 & ev5 ( ! fox are to be f\nd "h4 ,! fox is wor%ip$ because ( ! mis*ief he c d4 ,8 little *apel is on ! summit ( a knoll2 j be=e x are two granite images ( ! fox1 repres5t+ him 9 a sitt+ po/ure1 ) 8 eyes on e "o approa*+ 8 sanctu>y4 ,! fai?ful b[1 ca/ _! co9s 9 ! box plac$ "h = t purpose1 kneel 9 pray]1 hang up _! (f]+s1 & turn away4 ,ne> ! c5tral temple is a sev5-/ori$ pagoda1 symboliz+ ! supremacy ( ,buddhism4 ,f ! eaves ( ea* /ory are susp5d$ w9d-bells4 ,illu/ration3 ,,new ,,ye>',s ,,frolic ,,9 ,,japan4 ,illu/ration3 ,,buddhi/ 8,,nio10 ,,or ,,temple ,,gu>d4 ,we turn to asc5d ! copp]-edg$ /eps ( ! c5tral build+4 ,?is is a pla9 wood5 /ructure1 built ) great solidity1 & yet s plann$ z to be secure aga9/ ! frequ5t e>?quakes4 ,its massive slop+ ro( ( gray tiles sweeps up f ei!r side4 ,!re are two ma9 rooms 9 ! temple1 a sort ( ve/ibule1 :]e ! wor%ip]s p]=m _! c]emonies1 & ! scre5$ %r9e ( ! goddess4 ,! pigeons are p]*$ ab\t ! raft]s1 & ! :ole place is noisy & dirty4 ,huge lant]ns are susp5d$ f ! ceil+2 private %r9es are scatt]$ "h & !re2 ! walls are hung ) pictures & :ite tablets4 ,ar\nd ! great r$ columns :i* support ! ceil+1 & on ! wire scre5s be=e ! idols1 are hung scores ( braids ( hair ( m5 & wom51 pres5t$ z (f]+s to ,kwanon4 ,! ceil+ is cov]$ ) pa9t+s ( sc5es f ,buddha's life4 ,! wor%ip]1 z he ent]s1 drops a co9 9 ! lap ( an old woman1 at ! door1 :o puts a p9* ( inc5se on ! fire burn+ 9 a brazi]1 & passes on to ! front ( ! alt> to pray4 ,! great alt>1 on :i* is ! spl5did gilt /atue ( ,kwanon1 is protect$ by a wire scre54 ,be=e ! scre5 is a l>ge c(f]1 ext5d+ cle> across ! front ( ! alt>1 ) b>s across its top4 ,into ?is1 be=e engag+ 9 pray]1 ea* wor%ip] ca/s a co94 ,!n he kneels1 rubb+ ! palms ( ! h&s toge!r1 repeat+ 8 pray] & tell+ 8 beads4 ,(t5 "o w buy f ! prie/ a writt5 pray]1 put x 9 ! m\? & *ew x into pulp & !n ?r[ ! 8spit-ball0 at ! scre54 ,if x /icks1 he believes t 8 pray] w be he>d2 if x falls1 he expects x to fail6 ,m51 wom5 & *ildr51 %op-keep]s & soldi]s1 peasants & pr9ces1 c\ntry & city folks1 are all ! "t com+ & go+4 ,aft] wor%ip+ at ! ma9 alt>1 ! devotee (t5 turns to ! side alt>s or to "s ( ! %r9es4 ,at ! "r ( ! alt> sits an ugly wood5 idol1 p]*$ up on a table4 ,he rivals ev5 ! ma9 alt> 9 ! numb] ( wor%ip]s t ?rong to t\* him4 ,he is ! god ,b9zuru1 "o ( ,buddha's sixte5 disciples :o is reput$ to cure disease4 ,x is a pitiable sight to see cr[ds ( bl9d1 lame1 diseas$1 sickly p]sons com+ 9 a long /r+1 eag]ly await+ _! turn to t\* him2 = if !y c b fir/ rub _! h&s on him1 & !n on ! diseas$ spot1 x is sure to heal4 ,(t5 a gr\p ( mo!rs1 ea* ) a sickly little babe on h] back1 c>ri$ 9 ,japanese fa%ion1 betwe5 h] inn] & out] g>m5ts1 w approa* ,b9zuru4 ,rea*+ ar\nd1 !y take ! t9y h& ( ! sick *ild1 & rub x on ! face ( ! idol4 ,s con/ant has be5 ! rubb+ t ! idol1 ?\gh made ( h>d wood1 has lo/ all its features2 eyes1 nose1 lips1 e>s are all rubb$ away4 ,ne> by is a /& :]e an old woman sells = ! prie/ pictures1 or small %r9es ( ,kwanon1 :i* are exactly l ! accompany+ pictures4 ,illu/ration3 ,,japanese ,,picture ,,( ,,kwanon4 ,beh9d ! scre5 are _m small] idols & alt>s1 & an inclos$ matt$ space1 :]e ^? :o *oose may1 by pay+ an extra fee to ! att5dant prie/s1 ent] & wor%ip undi/urb$4 ,on high days & great fe/ival occasions1 a space ne> ! alt> is f5c$ 91 & ! prie/s1 ri*ly dress$1 *ant _! pray]s1 :ile inc5se is smok+ & c&les are fl>+4 ,! cr[d presses aga9/ ! f5ce1 & by mak+ special gifts ( money1 secure special pray]s = !mselves1 & extra c&les1 repres5t+ su* pray]s1 are plac$ on ! /& = !m by ! att5dants4 ,to ! left ( ! alt> are plac$1 by ! symbols ( ! ,%9to-wor%ip1 ! mirror & :ite pap]4 ,?is enables all %ades ( op9ion to be suit$4 ,outside ! build+ are groves ( plum & *]ry trees1 :i* are e/eem$ n s mu* = _! fruit z = _! blossoms4 ,"h are c>efully kept b$s ( lotus1 azaleas1 *rysan!mums1 & camellias & ev]gre5s4 ,^! ev]gre5s are dw>f$ & trimm$ into all sorts ( fanciful %apes1 ev5 :ile gr[+4 ,trees _m ye>s old are made to repres5t cats1 dogs1 boats1 h\ses1 wagons & o!r objects4 ,ar\nd ! bases ( ! idols ( ,buddha1 scatt]$ ev]y:]e1 are heaps ( small /ones1 repres5t+ pray]s (f]$4 ,a pray+-ma*9e--a /one :eel set to run on a /one po/--/&s close by4 ,!re is an exhibition ( wax-works1 :i* w\ld rival ,madame ,tussaud's1 ( ,london4 ,^! are int5d$ to depict v>i\s deliv]ances f dang]s & p]il1 wr\ght by ,kwanon4 ,,temple ,,( ,,%iba1 ,,9 ,,tokio1 ,,japan4 ,illu/ration3 ,,musicians ,,( ,,! ,,temple ,,at ,,%iba4 ,illu/ration3 ,,torii1 ,,or ,,wat] ,,gate1 ,,to ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,miyajima1 ,,inl& ,,sea1 ,,japan4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,,! ,,temple ,,( ,,%iba4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ temples ( ,japan 0 t ( ,%iba1 9 ,tokio4 ,x 0 burn$ by a fanatic inc5di>y on ! eve ( ,new ,ye>'s ,day1 ,decemb] #ca/1 #ahgd4 ,=m]ly ! visitor pass$ ?r\gh an imm5se r$ gate-way on ! nor? side ( ! temple1 & !n pass$ along a wide av5ue l9$ ) ov]hang+ fir-trees4 ,aft] pass+ ?r\gh ano!r gate-way1 "o ent]s a l>ge c\rt-y>d1 9 :i* 7 arrang$ #bjj /one lant]ns1 ea* ! gift ( a ,japanese pr9ce1 ! head ( a clan4 ,go+ on ?r\gh ano!r c>v$ & gild$ gate-way1 ano!r c\rt-y>d is ent]$1 hav+ six l>ge gilt lant]ns1 ea* ! gift ( a pr9ce ( ! royal family4 ,!n ano!r gate-way1 m ri*ly c>v$ & ornam5t$ ?an ! la/1 is pass$1 & ! visitor /ood be=e ! h&some %r9es4 ,! lacqu]$ /eps lead up to gilt doors1 :i* sw+ op5 ^u a room cov]$ ) ! f9e/ :ite matt+4 ,! walls1 panels & beams are cov]$ ) sculpture4 ,!re ! great alt>s rise up1 respl5d5t ) gold5 lacqu] & sculpture4 ,9 caskets are plac$ ! tablets ( ! deceas$ %og\ns & rul]s4 ,images ( ,buddha & ,kwanon are scatt]$ ab\t4 ,"o ( ^! idols repres5ts ,buddha on 8 dea?-b$4 ,= _m ye>s ! mikado liv$ 9 ,kioto1 seclud$ f ! sight ( ! p4 ,! real rul] 0 call$ %og\n 79 lat] days1 t]m$ tycoon74 ,?is function>y liv$ 9 ,y$o or ,tokio4 ,he 0 accu/om$ to wor%ip at ,%iba4 ,on ! great fe/ival occasions he proce$$ !re ) an imm5se ret9ue1 & ! s]vices 7 p]=m$ ) great magnific5ce4 ,!re are v _m idols & %r9es 9 ! c\ntry places1 z well z 9 ! cities4 ,9 e hamlet1 by ! roadsides1 among ! rice-fields1 by ! sea-%ore1 on ! hill-tops1 by ! runn+ /reams1 9 groves ( trees or 9 ni*es ( ! rocks4 ,g5]ally1 ! temples are plac$ 9 elevat$ positions2 ^! are rea*$ by long flights ( /eps4 ,j outside ( ,tokio1 & comm&+ a f9e view ( ! city1 is ! hill call$ ,atagosa ,yama4 ,"o hundr$ /eps lead to ! top ( ?is hill2 !re1 amid ! clumps ( c$> & bamboo1 are two idols1 =m]ly mu* wor%ip$4 ,!y are bo? ,buddhas2 ! "o is /&+ on a lotus-fl[]2 ! o!r is sitt+ on a tortoise4 ,kob is ! sea-port t[n ( ,osaka4 ,high up on a m\nta9-peak1 ne> ! city1 is a fam\s temple built by ,j+u ,kogo1 ! ,amazonian empress ( ,japan1 aft] h] return f invad+ ,corea4 ,_m hundr$s ( pilgrims visit x annually4 ,9 ,kob is ! %r9e ( a h]o1 mu* lov$ & honor$ by ! ,japanese4 ,?is is "o ( ! means us$ by ! ,buddhi/ prie/s to intr5* !mselves & _! religion 9 ! affections ( ! p4 ,imm$iately1 on ! dea? ( any h]o or not$ p]sonage1 !y propose erect+ a %r9e or a monum5t to him1 ?us draw+ ! devotions ( ! p anew to t p>ticul> %r9e1 & ?r\gh x1 to _! fai?4 ,,temple ,,( ,,five ,,hundr$ ,,gods4 ,! temples ( ! #ejj disciples ( ,buddha are among ! mo/ celebrat$ 9 ,japan4 ,( ^!1 !re are sev]al--"o 9 ,asakusa1 & "o 9 ,honjo4 ,9 "o ( ^!1 ne> ! ma9 image ( ,buddha1 is an idol ( ,ha*iman1 hav+ ?ree eyes1 horns1 ho(s & long hair--a curi\s comb9ation4 ,9 ea* corn]1 9 iron cages1 are ! gods ,daikoku & ,yebisu4 ,yebisu is ! god ( daily food1 & has a fi% "u 8 arm2 ,daikoku1 god ( weal?1 sits on two sacks ( rice1 ) a mallet 9 8 h&1 :i*1 :5 he %akes x1 is suppos$ to s5d weal? to ! wor%ip]s4 ,great numb]s ( /rips ( pap]1 ) pray]s writt5 on !m1 are ti$ to ! rail+ be=e ^! gods1 & ?is indicates _! popul>ity4 ,^! images are f\nd 9 almo/ e h\sehold1 & receive daily wor%ip4 ,! idols are seat$ "u a scroll1 on _! ?rone4 ,%all[ di%es conta9+ oil ) float+ wicks1 are plac$ on ei!r side & light$4 ,on l[ tables are plac$ loaves ( mo*i1 made ( glut9\s rice-fl\r & fi%es1 & vases conta9+ scrolls4 ,! head ( ! family1 kneel+ betwe5 ! tall c&le-/ick1 pres5ts1 ea* morn+ be=e breakfa/1 a cup ( tea or saki--a v common dr9k1 brew$ f ! rice1 accompani$ ) a di% ( rice4 ,9 ! ,temple ( ! ,five ,hundr$ ,gods1 !re are1 besides ^! gods1 a /atue ( ,kwanon & images ( ! five hundr$ ( ,buddha's disciples4 ,on a ?rone ( wea!r-/a9$ rocks & pieces ( volcanic rock & lava1 is a colossal image ( ,buddha1 seat$ on ! lotus-fl[]4 ,on ei!r side ( him is a /atue ( an elephant & ( a lion4 ,next to ,buddha is ! /atue ( ! disciple :o collect$ all ( ,buddha's say+s2 next1 ! disciple :o nev] =got any?+ 8 ma/] taught him1 & s on ?r\gh all ! li/4 ,away 9 ! re> is ! black image ( ,yema1 ! god ( hell4 ,9 ?is repres5tation ( ! ,buddhi/ic hell ,yema sits ^u 8 ?rone beh9d a table1 z ! ,japanese pictures put him1 ) 8 p5cil 9 h&1 ready to write out ! s5t5ce ( ! condemn$4 ,on ei!r side are ^? :o keep ! records ( ! misde$s ( m51 &1 9 front1 ! execution] ready to ca/ ! condemn$ man f 8 boat into ! lake ( fire4 ,9 ! future /ate1 !re are1 accord+ to ! tea*+ ( ! ,buddhi/ prie/s1 eight modes ( torture4 8,fir/1 ! wick$ are alt]nately beat5 & resuscitat$2 secondly1 !y are dragg$ limb f limb1 *opp$ to pieces1 p\nd$ 9 a mort>1 sawn or plan$ into v>i\s %apes1 eyes g\g$ out1 & ! tongue & nails are pluck$ out2 9 ! ?ird1 ! cr[d ( ! wick$ are beat5 ab\t l animals 9 a p52 ! f\r? is weep+2 ! fif?1 is great lam5tation2 ! six?1 burn+ & roa/+2 ! sev5?1 hills cov]$ ) l>ge ne$les1 ov] :i* ! wick$ are driv52 ! eigh?1 be+ ?r[n into ! bottomless pit ( p]dition40 ,^! are specim5s ( ! t]rors :i* hea!nism holds ov] its foll[]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,( ,,five ,,hundr$ ,,gods1 ,,canton1 ,,*9a4 ,,! ,,ca/+ ,,( ,a ,,temple ,,bell4 ,osaka is ! greate/ comm]cial city ( ,japan4 ,9 x are _m temples4 ,"o ( ! mo/ beautiful s\nds ! travel] ev] he>s1 z he travels 9 ,asia1 is ! s\nd ( ! temple bells ( ,japan4 ,!y are v l>ge1 & g5]ally s\nd$ by /rik+ a susp5d$ beam aga9/ ! bell4 ,"s ( ^! bells are t5 feet high4 ,on _! sides are ca/ or engrav5 texts f ! ,buddhi/ sacr$ books1 images ( ,buddha or ,kwanon1 or ( heav5ly be+s4 ,! bell 0 /uck on a knob on its side by ! small tree-trunk4 ,few s\nds are sweet] ?an ! quiv]+1 mell[ tones ( ! ,japanese temple bells4 ,! bells are (t51 z 9 ,osaka1 plac$ 9 sep>ate build+s1 built = !m2 ?is 0 to give a bett] effect to ! s\nds4 ,! occasion ( ! ca/+ ( a bell 0 "o ( great public rejoic+4 ,(f]+s ( money or jewelry1 or ut5sils ( t91 copp]1 silv] or gold 7 br\ght by m5 & wom54 8,:5 metal en\gh1 & 9 prop] proportion1 _h be5 amass$1 crucibles 7 made1 e>?-furnaces dug1 ! m\lds fa%ion$1 & huge bell[s--work$ by /&+ m5 at ea* end1 l a see-saw--7 m\nt$2 &1 aft] due pray]s & consultations1 ! auspici\s day 0 appo9t$4 ,! place select$ 0 usually a hill or elevat$ place4 ,! p1 9 _! gaye/ dress1 assembl$ 9 picnic p>ties1 & ) song1 & dance1 & fea/ wait$ :ile ! workm51 9 fe/al uni=m1 toil$1 & ! prie/s1 9 canonical robes1 wat*$4 ,! fires 7 light$1 ! bell[s oscillat$1 ! bla/ ro>$1 & ! crucibles 7 br\ght to ! prop] heat & ! cont5ts to fi]y fluidity1 ! joy ( ! cr[d increas+ z ea* /age 9 ! process 0 ann\nc$4 ,:5 ! molt5 flood 0 f9ally p\r$ into ! m\ld1 ! excitem5t ( ! spectators rea*$ ! height ( uncontrollable en?usiasm4 ,ano!r pecuni>y h>ve/ 0 reap$ by ! prie/s be=e ! cr[ds disp]s$1 by ! sale ( /amp$ k]*iefs or pap] conta9+ a holy text1 or c]tify+ to ! pres5ce ( ! pur*as] at ! c]emony1 & ! bless+ ( ! gods ^u him !re=4 ,su* a tok5 became an heirloom2 & ! *ild :o ev] aft]w>d he>d ! solemn boom ( ! bell at mat9 or ev5+1 0 con/ra9$ by filial1 z well z by holy motives1 to obey & rev]5ce its admonitory call40 ,su* devotion to ! idol-wor%ip is n s frequ5tly se5 to-day1 z skepticism is becom+ preval5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,belfry ,,( ,,! ,,temple ,,at ,,osaka1 ,,japan4 ,,! ,,colossal ,,idol1 ,,! ,,kamakura ,,dai ,,butsu4 ,!re is a gigantic image ab\t two miles f ,kamakura1 & tw5ty miles f ,yokohama4 ,! colossal idol ( ,buddha "h 7see frontispiece7 is ( bronze1 &1 ?\gh sitt+ 9 ,ori5tal /yle1 is =ty-f\r feet high1 & includ+ ! t]race on :i* x sits1 is sixty-five feet4 ,x is probably ! mo/ f9i%$ "w ( art ! ,japanese possess1 reg>d$ bo? = its beauty & ! religi\s s5tim5t x expresses4 ,aft] leav+ ,kamakura1 ) its wond]ful old temples1 ! road passes out among ! rice fields1 d[n t[>d ! %ore wa%$ by ! waves ( ! ,pacific ,ocean4 ,e "h & !re torii1 or birds' re/s1 z !y are call$1 great gate-ways1 model$ aft] ^? be=e ! topes 9 ,india1 are plac$4 ,!y consi/ ( two upright %afts ( /one1 ab\t t5 or twelve feet high1 ) cross-pieces on _! tops b5d+ upw>ds at ! ends1 & ext5d+ beyond ! uprights1 & a squ>e cross-piece ab\t a foot f ! top runn+ f %aft to %aft4 ,kn[+ ! imm5sity ( ! /atue1 ! visitor = ! fir/ "t is on ! look\t = x4 ,b its build]s h us$ great judgm5t 9 plac+ x1 = x is n to be se5 until "o rea*es ! mo/ favorable spot4 ,aft] pass+ ?r\gh ! r$ gate-way1 ) its ,gog & ,magog1 ! giant idols1 on ei!r side1 ! road seems to end 9 a clump ( trees4 ,h[ev]1 x passes ar\nd ! trees1 & !re1 "r f ! be/ place to see ! idol favorably1 !re "r be=e him x sits4 ,!re is an irresi/ible *>m ab\t x2 ! features ( ! face are 9 su* p]fect h>mony1 ! g>m5ts are s simple1 ! face is s s]5e & b5evol5t 9 its contemplative ec/asy1 & ! :ole pose ( ! figure s well execut$4 ,! hills1 clad ) ev]gre5s1 g5tly slope toge!r 9 ! backgr\nd1 & all ! build+s1 dwell+s = prie/s1 etc41 are s dext]\sly conceal$ by ! foliage4 ,! place is sil5t1 & "t has s temp]$ ! bronze idol itself & ! /ones ( ! t]race1 t ! :ole effect is gr&1 & compels admiration4 ,b1 :ile ! :ole sc5e inspires "o ) a s5se ( its beauty & gr&eur1 x sadd5s "o to ?9k t aft] all x is an idol4 ,ev5 :ile "o /ops to /udy its beauty he is jo/l$ by ! pilgrims ) _! :ite g>m5ts1 broad hats1 little bells fa/5$ to _! girdles & _! /aves1 z !y come b[+ & ris+ alt]nately1 till !y get ne> to ! idol4 ,! idol is made ( bronze plates1 nicely unit$1 ?\gh "t & ! wea!r h some:at expos$ "s ( ^! jo9ts4 ,9 front ( x are vases ) bronze lotus lilies1 & a bronze brazi] :]e inc5se is burn$ day by day = ! b5efit ( pilgrims4 ,! image is holl[1 & inside small] idols are rang$4 ,a w9d[ 9 8 %\ld] lets 9 ! light4 ,8 e>s are l>ge1 z are ! e>s ( almo/ all idols1 & ! head is cov]$ ) repres5tations ( snail-%ells1 to protect him f ! sun4 ,! idol 0 ca/ & erect$ ab\t six hundr$ ye>s ago4 ,at fir/ a build+ inclos$ x1 b x 0 soon de/roy$1 & = ne>ly six c5turies pa/ he has be5 expos$ to w9d & ra91 & sn[ & fro/1 to e>?quake & typhoon1 & yet he is !re unh>m$1 & widely admir$ & ador$ by hundr$s ( dev\t wor%ip]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/reet ,,m\ntebanks ,,9 ,a ,,japanese ,,new ,,ye>',s ,,fe/ival4 ,,! ,,fam\s ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,great ,,buddha1 ,,at ,,n>a4 8,long ere great ,buddha /rode ,^u 8 calm1 colossal1 godlike way ,o'er ! broad roll+ riv] ( ,ca?ay1 ,by ! ,corean road1 8,& /epp+ /ormy seas ,hi!r1 to m\nt ! gold5 lotus ?rone1 ,o ,n>a1 !re to rule & muse alone1 ,?r\gh l+]+ c5turies40 ,z usual 9 approa*es to ,japanese temples1 !re are sev]al %ops ne> to ! temple itself4 ,9 ! c5tre ( ! l>ge op5 space betwe5 ! less] gate-way & ! temple is an imm5se & v old bronze lant]n1 l>ge en\gh = a man to /& 94 ,?is lant]n 0 pres5t$ to ! temple by ! r5[n$ h]o & /atesman1 ,yoritomo1 :o di$ 9 ! ye> #aaii1 & is #gjj ye>s old4 ,x is 9 daily use /ill4 ,?is temple 0 orig9ally f\nd$1 & ! imm5se image made1 by ! ,mikado ,%omu1 ! =ty-six? ( ! pres5t l9e ( emp]ors1 & ! ?ird ( ,n>a1 :o di$ #gdh ,a4,d4 ,! temple 0 de/roy$ #gjj ye>s ago1 9 ! t]rible civil w>s ( ! twelf? c5tury1 & aga9 s]i\sly injur$1 s t ! head ( ! god _h to be reca/1 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! great gate-way1 h[ev]1 ) mo/ ( ! o!r build+s ( ! great temple1 h escap$ su* injuries1 &1 al?\gh con/ruct$ ( wood1 h /ood z !y n[ /& = m ?an elev5 c5turies4 ,illu/ration3 ,,japanese ,,idea ,,( ,,! ,,judge ,,( ,,hell4 ,! int]e/ ( ?is place c5tres 9 ! great god ( gold & bronze1 :i* has be5 ! wond] ( ,japan = s _m ages pa/4 ,x has be5 positively /at$ by "s t a consid]able am\nt ( gold ent]$ into 8 composition2 b ^? on ! spot seem to be unc]ta9 z to :e!r ! gold employ$ 9 mak+ him 0 mix$ ) ! bronze ( :i* he is ca/1 or appli$ sup]ficially to him4 ,t mu* has be5 appli$ 9 ! latt] way !re c be no d\bt2 & 9 places 9 :i* ! gold is visible1 & :i* ,i closely exam9$1 x seem$ to me t x con=m$ to an ext]nal l9e ( ornam5t 9 ea* case1 :i* w\ld indicate t x 0 sup]ficial only4 ,! dim5sions ( ?is god are truly colossal4 ,8 height f ! base ( ! lotus-fl[]1 on :i* he sits1 to ! top ( 8 head is sixty-?ree & "o-half feet2 & above ?is rises an aureole f\rte5 feet wide1 above :i* aga9 rises = sev]al feet ! flame-l glory :i* ar*es 9 ! :ole figure4 ,! face prop] is sixte5 feet long2 its wid?1 n9e & "o-half feet4 ,! eyes are ?ree feet n9e in*es long2 ! eyebr[s1 five & "o-half feet2 ! e>s1 eight & "o-half feet4 ,! *e/ is tw5ty feet 9 dep?4 ,its middle f+] is five feet long4 ,ar\nd ! head1 %\ld]s & sides ( ! god1 9 front ( ! aureole1 are sixte5 sitt+ figures1 said to be eight feet long4 ,! leaves ( ! imm5se lotus on :i* he sits are ea* t5 feet long & six feet wide1 & !re are fifty-six ( !m4 ,! ca/+ mu/ h be5 wond]fully well execut$1 al?\gh ! f95ess ( ! leaf-edges1 & o!r p>ts :i* we 7 able to exam9e1 & ! elaborate engrav+ :i* c be trac$ ^u ! lotus-leaves 9 ! un9jur$ p>ts1 leaves no d\bt t ! f\nd]'s art 0 elaborately supplem5t$ by ! file & grav]4 ,! c\nt5ance ( ! god is less mild & calm ( expression ?an is usual 9 images ( ,buddha4 ,! "r h& is op5 & rais$ upw>ds2 ! left re/s on ! lap4 ,,"s ,,japanese ,,gods4 ,_m ( ! gods ( ,%9toism h be5 adopt$ by ! ,buddhi/s4 ,hotei's image is c>v$ into ! %ape ( buttons1 & us$ = hold+ ! pipe 9 ! girdle 7a ,nitsuki74 ,in>i1 ! rice-god1 & 8 companion1 ,kitsune1 ! fox1 are wor%ip$4 ,a v great _m sup]/itions are connect$ ) ! fox4 ,if "o is sick1 he is said to h a fox 9 him1 & a prie/ is s5t =1 :o1 by beat+ a drum--at1 say1 ?ree beats ea* half m9ute all night long--w drive him out4 ,he is ! cause ( a ?\s& ills to ! p4 ,he is rev]5c$ because he is suppos$ to be ! mo/ cunn+ creature 9 creation4 ,kitsune becomes by turns a sacr$1 amus+1 p]fidi\s1 diabolical p]sonage4 ,"o sup]/iti\s notion is1 t if ! travel] fail to honor ! fox be=e 8 j\rney1 he1 ,kitsune1 w take rev5ge by caus+ w-o'-!-wisps to spr+ up all ov] ! rice-swamps1 & s mislead ! travel]1 & prolong 8 j\rney indef9itely4 ,?is light+ ! w-o'-!-wisp is call$ ! ,fe/ival ( ! ,foxes1 & is %[n 9 ! opposite picture4 ,,"s ,,japanese ,,fe/ivals4 ,new ,ye>'s day is obs]v$ 9 ,japan ) _m c]emonies4 ,on ! day be=e all acc\nts are squ>$1 new clo?+ is b\ght1 & ! p prep>e to sp5d ! morr[ ) great joy4 ,! ,*9ese seek to drive ! devils out ( _! h\ses by explod+ fire-crack]s4 ,! ,japanese h a fea/ on ,new ,ye>'s ,eve1 & :5 ! m]rim5t is almo/ ov]1 ! head ( ! h\se takes a di% ( beans & goes all ov] ! h\se1 ?r[+ ! beans 9 e corn]2 9 ?is way !y ?9k !y drive out ! devils1 & :5 !y are all out1 !y place a sacr$ piece ( pap]1 :i* !y h pur*as$ f ! prie/1 on ! door1 to prev5t _! re-ent]+4 ,on ,new ,ye>'s day ! /reets are alive ) ! p4 ,x is ! holiday ( ! nation1 & ! temples are ?rong$ ) ! gay wor%ip]s & dext]\s juggl]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fe/ival ,,( ,,! ,,foxes4 ,?is is a suppos$ freak ( ! foxes 9 ord] to mislead travel]s :o d n honor !m4 ,w-o'-!-wisps are reg>d$ z orig9at+ 9 ?is way4 ,illu/ration3 ,,driv+ ,,! ,,devils ,,out ,,( ,,! ,,h\se ,,on ,,new ,,ye>',s ,,eve ,,) ,,beans4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,japanese ,,matsuri1 ,,or ,,religi\s ,,fe/ival4 ,illu/ration3 ,,religi\s ,,procession ,,9 ,,japan4 ,we w let an eye-witness describe a ,matsuri1 or fe/ival sc5e4 ,he writes f ,osaka3 8,! o!r day a procession pass$ our door1 :i* y1 p]haps1 w\ld l to he> (4 ,we he>d a d91 a ,babel ( voices1 gr[+ l\d] & l\d]1 & on go+ to ! door saw a cr[d approa*+1 compos$ l>gely ( boys betwe5 five & t5 ye>s ( age1 ?\gh "s m5 7 among !m4 ,! fir/ fifty or m 7 dress$ 9 uni=m colors1 a suit ( r$ & :ite1 9 squ>es ( ab\t an in* & a half1 ! r$ be+ a dom9ant color1 look+1 inde$1 l circus cl[ns4 ,ea* p]son _h a clo? ti$ ar\nd 8 head1 ) app>5tly a pap] /uck 9 x1 & a pap] fan 9 8 h&4 ,!y 7 danc+ along1 /rik+ _! h&s1 or p]haps ea* o!r1 ) ! fan1 & s++ & *att+4 ,! m5 especially 7 cutt+ up que] antics4 ,"s ( ! boys _h bells hung to _! girdles4 ,!n came a lot ( old] p]sons1 dress$ 9 blue & :ite g>m5ts4 ,p]haps a hundr$ & fifty 9 all4 ,la/ ( all came a triumphal c>1 a m9iature temple1 or %r9e1 ) a man 9 x4 ,!y 7 hav+ a jolly "t altoge!r40 ,ano!r fe/ival is t ( ! god ,t5g\4 ,! ,japanese m>9] kn[s no fe/ival s attractive z t ( :i* ! sea is ! !atre4 ,:5 ! sea-side inhabitants ( ,s9agawa1 at ,tokio1 celebrate ! anniv]s>y ( _! favorite deity1 ,t5g\1 !y believe t !y be/ %[ _! affection = ! idol by transport+ x into ! sea4 ,:ile ! vet]ans ( ! prie/hood & _! s]vants att5d to ! annual purification ( ! temple & its furniture1 ! mo/ vigor\s ( ! prie/s take ^u _! %\ld]s ! frame on :i* ! %r9e or ,mikosi re/s4 ,:5 !y h rea*$ ! %ore1 !y lay aside _! sac]dotal ve/m5ts1 & 9 good ord] plunge ?r\gh ! waves4 ,mean:ile ! cr[ds ( fi%]m51 :o foll[ !m ) tumultu\s %\ts1 encircle ! cortge2 seize ) _! /rong arms ! sacr$ abode ( ! god2 raise x above ! lacqu]$ caps ( ! prie/s2 & 9 spite ( ! ef=ts1 real or pret5d$1 ( its (ficial gu>dians1 :o /ruggle aga9/ ! cr[d 9 ! mid/ ( ! waves1 ! tott]+1 b /ill upright %r9e 9 ! h&s ( ! p accompli%es its m>itime pilgrimage4 ,?is c]emonial takes place on ! six? day ( ! six? mon?1 :i* is ab\t ! end ( our ,july4 ,x la/s1 ) its diff]5t rites1 to ! eigh? day1 :51 to conclude1 ! prie/s di/ribute to _! flocks bran*es ( trees lad5 ) fruit 9 ! condition 9 :i* ! p mo/ l x--t is to say1 :5 x has sc>cely arriv$ at maturity4 ,,! ,,sacr$ ,,m\nta91 ,,fuji4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fujisan1 ,,f ,a ,,village ,,on ,,! ,,tokaido4 ,"o ( ! gr&e/ sights to be se5 9 all ! _w is ! view ( ! great ,sacr$ ,m\nta9 ( ,japan1 ,fuji-,yama4 ,! writ] w nev] =get ! impression x made ^u him4 ,x rises 9 all its lonely maje/y to a height ( #ac1jhj feet high4 ,its beautifully sweep+ sides rise1 cone-l1 f ! almo/ level l&s surr\nd+ its base4 ,x is no wond] t ! m\nta9 is s de> to ! he>t ( e ,japanese4 ,on almo/ all _! works ( art1 9 bronze or lacqu]-w>e1 ,m\nt ,fuji is drawn or wr\ght4 ,long be=e ! sun has light$ ! e>? bel[ at ! sunrise1 & long aft] ! hills & valleys are %r\d$ 9 ! d>kness ( ! com+ night1 ,fuji's sn[-cr[n$ summit is agl[ ) light2 ! huge cone ris+ high above ! cl\ds1 sublime1 colossal & beautiful 9 its ruddy purple4 ,to ?is m\nta9 ! ,japanese are accu/om$ to make pilgrimages4 ,all :o h visit$ ,fuji-,yama 9 pilgrimage we> a little bell atta*$ to _! girdle1 9 addition to _! pilgrim suit4 ,longfell[ has introduc$ into 8 ,poems ( ,places1 9 ! volumes on ,asia1 ! foll[+ translation ( a ,japanese poem on ,fuji3 8,heav5 above f e>? bel[ ,long ago ! gods h p>t$1 ,h5ce=? hid+ f> f m54 ,r\nd ! ho>y peak sublimely ,t[]+ o'er ,suruga's l&1 ,fuji's v5]at$ m\nta91 ,all ! wide-ar*$ azure sky ,?\gh ?\ se>* ) wi/ful gaze ,( ! ha/5+ sun's bright track1 ,n a glimpse %alt ?\ enjoy2 ,nor ( g5tli] beam+ moon ,hail ! %ad[-fr++ %imm]3 ,fleecy cl\ds are hov]+1 ,hov]+ r\nd ! high1 b>e summit1 ,veil+ x f mortal k54 ,ha? !reon ! :ite sn[ fall52 ,w\ld'/ ?\ ( ! l(ty gods ,"k ! annals1 only ,fuji ,c ! secret /ory tell !e40 ,,cu/oms ,,conc]n+ ,,bir?1 ,,m>riage ,,& ,,dea?4 ,) b a v few exceptions ! ,japanese ,buddhi/s are int5sely sup]/iti\s4 ,"s ( ! "y m5 ( ,japan1 :o h come 9 contact ) =eign]s1 h giv5 up _! sup]/itions2 b ! re/ ( ! p1 m especially ! peasants1 hold a firm fai? 9 a multitude ( sup]/iti\s cu/oms4 ,^! t\* ^u ! mo/ insignificant occupations ( e-day life1 z well z ^u bir?1 m>riage & dea?4 ,:5 a *ild is ?irty days old x is tak5 to ! temple ( its p>5ts' gods1 &1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! prie/1 a "n is *os54 ,?ree names are select$ by ! p>5ts1 & writt5 on slips ( pap]4 ,^! slips are toss$ 9 ! air by ! prie/1 :ile he mumbles incantations1 & ! fir/ slip t falls to ! floor is believ$ to conta9 ! "n *os5 by ! gods = ! little babe4 ,! prie/ !n writes ?is "n on a piece ( sacr$ pap]1 & x is giv5 to ! p>5ts z a talisman4 ,9 a few ( ! ,buddhi/ sects1 ! prie/ assi/ at ! m>riage1 b 9 ! great majority ( cases he has no "p to p]=m !re4 ,at ! m>riage c]emony nei!r bride nor bridegroom c we> any g>m5t conta9+ purple color4 ,! ,japanese believe t to d ?is w\ld be mo/ fatal2 = z purple is ! color :i* fades mo/ readily1 s ! m>riage ( ^? :o we> purple w\ld come to an end spe$ily4 ,! ,japanese m>riage c]emony is a v simple "o1 & is r s+ul>1 because religion f9ds no place 9 x4 ,:5 ! bride & bridegroom & _! fri5ds are ga!r$ toge!r1 a small cup is fill$ ) ! native w9e1 :i* a *os5 fri5d h&s to ! bride1 :o dr9ks f x1 & !n passes x to ! bridegroom2 he passes x back1 aft] dr9k+1 & ?us x passes back & =? betwe5 ! two a few times until x is empti$1 & ?is con/itutes !m man & wife4 ,! ,japanese say t x is ?us1 t1 z husb& & wife1 !y mu/ dr9k ( ! same cup ( sorr[ or ( joy4 ,! writ+s ( ,confucius1 are ! basis ( _m ( ! laws ( ,japan4 ,accord+ to ^!1 among ! sev5 causes = divorce is ! "o3 8,if %e talk too mu*40 ,e hea!n religion l[]s wom5 to a position f> bel[ t ( man4 ,9 ,india1 woman's lot is ! sadde/1 & 9 ,japan1 probably ! happie/ ( all hea!n c\ntries4 ,accord+ to ,buddhism !re is no salvation = a woman unless %e is born ov] aga9 z a man4 ,! nature-wor%ip ( ,japan gives to woman a mu* high] place ?an ,buddhism does4 ,two ?+s t5d to cause ! degradation ( wom5 9 ,japan4 ,! "o is ! cu/om ( hav+ _m wives2 ! o!r is ! dem&s ( p>5tal ob$i5ce4 ,9 ,japan1 accord+ to ,buddhi/ tea*+1 a girl mu/ obey h] fa!r 9 ev]y?+1 & no exception is all[$4 ,h5ce x n infrequ5tly happ5s t ! fa!r comm&s 8 *ild to ent] ^u a life ( s91 t he may make money by x4 ,! daught] is b\nd to d z %e is bidd51 & ?us ! greate/ evil t c come ^u a woman is br\ght ^u h] "u ! direction ( a hea!n sy/em4 ,b1 ?ank ,god1 noble ,*ri/ian wom5 h gone =? f our own & o!r ,*ri/ian l&s1 & by _! tea*+s & examples h done mu* to bett] ! condition ( ! wom5 ( ,japan & a bright] day is rapidly dawn+ ^u !m4 ,f ! mom5t :5 a p]son dies 9 ,japan1 religi\s c]emonies are p]=m$ 9 ! h\se ( ! deceas$ until ! body is remov$ to ! grave4 ,prie/s are imm$iately s5t =1 :o light ! c&les & inc5se-/icks be=e ! h\sehold gods1 & :o recite _! pray]s4 ,! prie/s1 c>ry+ _! ros>ies1 head ! fun]al procession z x goes to ! temple4 ,! ne>e/ relatives are dress$ 9 :ite1 & c>ry v>i\s objects =m]ly us$ by ! deceas$4 ,! squ>e c(f9 is set d[n 9 ! temple be=e ! alt>1 & religi\s s]vices are p]=m$1 ) m or less pomp1 accord+ to ! weal? ( ^? :o fee ! prie/s = ! s]vices4 ,v frequ5tly1 ! bodies are !n burn$1 & ! a%es plac$ 9 an urn2 at o!r times1 ! bodies are buri$4 ,aft] a "t1 ! ne>e/ relative ( ! dead p]son buys f ! prie/ a long1 n>r[ bo>d or tablet1 conta9+ ! new "n ( ! deceas$4 ,?is is plac$ on ! grave4 ,fre% fl[]s & ev]gre5s are kept on ! tomb-/ones 9 bamboo vases = a long "t4 ,! relatives resort to ! tombs = wor%ip2 pray+1 sometimes1 to ! deceas$1 ask+ 8 aid1 or at o!r times = ! deceas$1 t he may be fre$ f ! pa9s ( purgatory4 ,9 ei!r case !y are v dev\t4 ,,"s ,,japanese ,,sup]/itions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wor%ip+ ,,at ,,! ,,tomb ,,( ,,an ,,ance/or ,,9 ,,japan4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,fl[+ ,,invocation4 ,scatt]$ all ov] ,japan are trees1 :i* are specially devot$ to ! gods1 or ,kami1 z !y are call$ 9 ,japanese4 ,(t5 !y twi/ "s rice-/raw into a rope1 & b9d x ar\nd ! base ( a tree to indicate its sacr$ness4 ,l ! ,greeks ( old1 ! ,japanese imag9e t ! m\nta9s & valleys1 ! rills & riv]s1 ! rocks & trees1 are all fill$ ) spirits4 ,!y tell tales ( trees %$d+ blood1 or groan+ 9 agony1 :5 ! woodman cut !m ) 8 axe4 ,"s trees1 we are told1 are believ$ to h wond]ful p[] to attract m5 to commit suicide2 ?is is because !y are possess$ by evil spirits4 ,o!r trees are not$ = ! %elt] !y af=d 9 /orms1 = ! protection !y furni% :5 fly+ f enemies2 ^! are suppos$ to be inhabit$ by good & help+ spirits4 ,_m cu/oms among ,*ri/ian nations1 s-call$1 are decid$ly sup]/iti\s4 ,= example1 x is c\nt$ unlucky 9 "s p>ts ( ,am]ica to spill salt1 to break a look+-glass1 to h ?irte5 p sit d[n at table toge!r2 & _m are ! /ories1 und\bt$ly true1 x is decl>$1 :i* are told to illu/rate ! c]ta9ty ) :i* evils foll[ ^! signs4 ,s 9 ,japan !re are _m su* sup]/iti\s signs & cu/oms1 "s ( !m j ! opposite ( signs 9 o!r l&s4 ,^! signs are almo/ innum]able1 & conc]n ! actions ( e day4 ,_m are ! fairy tales & gho/ /ories :i* ! ,o-,baa-,san1 or gr&mo!r1 tells to ! *ildr5 z !y ga!r ar\nd ! fire-box at night1 & :i* s5d !m %iv]+ & %ak+ to b$4 ,"s ( ! sup]/iti\s cu/oms1 h[ev]1 are n revolt+1 b are v beautiful4 ,mr4 ,griffis1 an ,am]ican tea*] 9 ,japan1 tells u "o ( ?is bett] k9d4 ,x is call$ 8,! ,"m's ,memorial40 ,x is popul> ) all classes1 be+ (t5 us$ by ! ,%9toi/s z well z ! ,buddhi/s4 ,he writes ?us3 8,a sight n (t5 met ) 9 ! cities1 b 9 ! suburban & c\ntry places z frequ5t z ! cause ( x requires1 is ! nag>e kanjo 7fl[+ invocation74 ,a piece ( cotton-clo? is susp5d$ by its f\r corn]s to /akes set 9 ! gr\nd ne> a brook or rivulet4 ,beh9d ?is is a high1 n>r[ bo>d1 not*$ ne> ! top1 & hav+ an inscription writt5 ^u x4 ,re/+ by ! brookside is a wood5 dipp]4 ,p]haps1 ^u ! f\r corn]s1 9 ! holl[ ends ( ! upright bamboo /akes1 may be set b\quets ( fl[]s4 ,! inscriptions & fl[]s are l ^? set up ^u graves4 ,wait+ long en\gh1 p]*ance b a few m9utes1 !re may be se5 a pass] :o pauses1 &1 dev\tly (f]+ a pray]1 ) ! aid ( 8 ros>y1 rev]5tly dips a ladleful ( wat]1 p\rs x on ! clo?1 & waits until x has /ra9$ ?r\gh1 be=e mov+ on4 ,all ?is1 :5 ! significance is und]/ood1 is v t\*+4 ,x is a sil5t appeal to ! pass]-by1 by ! love ( ,heav51 to %ort5 ! p5alties ( a s\l 9 pa94 ,! ,japanese believe t ! "m dy+ 9 *ild-b$1 suff]s1 by su* a dea?1 = "s s9 committ$ long ago4 ,aft] dea?1 !y say1 %e s9ks into a hell1 until ?is #8fl[+ invocation' ceases1 by ! we>+ out ( ! symbolic clo?4 ,:5 ?is is s utt]ly worn t ! wat] no long] drips ?r\gh1 b falls ?r\gh at once1 ! "m's s\l is deliv]$ f h] suff]+s4 ,b 9 addition to ! sadness t ?is sup]/ition br+s ^u u1 z we ?9k ( ! delusion ?is p re/ "u1 !re is a feel+ ( indignation awak5$ z we le>n t ^! clo?s c only be pur*as$ f a prie/1 & t = mu* money a clo? c be b\ght1 s ?9 9 ! middle1 t ! wat] soon runs ?r\gh1 :ile ! poor p]son mu/ be cont5t ) a clo? t x w take a long :ile to we> out40 ,,religion ,,( ,,! ,,a9os4 ,to ! nor? ( ! ma9 isl& ( ,japan1 & almo/ t\*+ x1 lies ! isl& ( ,yezzo4 ,! p ( ,yezzo are call$ ,a9os2 !y are savages 9 _! mann] ( life1 ?\gh _! disposition is k9d & _! mann] g5tle4 ,! foll[+ acc\nt ( ,a9os wor%ip1 p>ticul>ly ! /range 8sacrifice ( ! be>10 is f ,mr4 ,j4 ,j4 ,enslie1 ,consul at ,hakodate1 #ahfa-c3 8,! religi\s cre$ ( ! ,a9os is ! anci5t ,japanese #8,%9toism1' or ! adoration ( ! ,kamis4 ,_! rul]s h made _m attempts to conv]t !m to ,buddhism2 b ! only result ( ^! endeavors is t ! ,a9os n[ rub _! h&s toge!r z a =m ( wor%ip be=e _! gods1 in/ead ( rais+ ! h&s above ! head z !y =m]ly did4 ,!re is a slight diff]5ce betwe5 ! symbols ( ,japanese & ,a9o ,%9toism--! =m] exhibit+ a look+-glass & a v>iety ( :ite pap] ornam5ts1 :ile ! latt] use a poli%$ /one & g>l&s made ( a peculi> description ( v :ite wood4 ,! ,a9os1 h[ev]1 h num]\s fe/ivals totally di/9ct f ,%9toism4 ,! gr&e/ & mo/ solemn ( ^! fe/ivals is und\bt$ly ! ,sacrifice ( ! ,be>1 = :i* animal ! ,a9os ent]ta9 a /range sort ( v5]ation4 8,! savage d5iz5 ( ! =e/ de/9$ to be exalt$ to ! position ( a god is re>$ f a cub by ! village *ief1 & ! female mo/ di/+ui%$ 9 rank & beauty enjoys ! honor ( be+ its wet-nurse4 ,z soon z ! be> is two ye>s old1 he is c>ri$ 9 a cage to an em95ce 7previ\sly consecrat$ = ! c]emony71 amid %\ts ( joy & ! mo/ inh>moni\s conc]t ( v>i\s noises ev] he>d2 :ile f "t to "t ! b]eft nurse utt]s ! mo/ pi]c+ & he>t r5d+ cries1 expressive ( h] poignant grief4 ,aft] ?is upro> has cont9u$ = "s "t1 ! *ief ( ! village approa*es ! be>1 & ) an arr[ gives him ! fir/ w\nd4 ,! animal1 previ\sly madd5$ by ! d9 ar\nd him1 n[ becomes furi\s1 ! cage is op5$1 & he spr+s out into ! mid/ ( ! assemblage4 ,!n1 at a signal giv5 by ! *ildr5 ( ! nurse1 ev]ybody 9 ! cr[d w\nds him ) ! v>i\s weapons !y h br\ght ) !m1 ea* "o /riv+ to inflict a w\nd1 z all believe t he :o fails to w\nd ! be> has no claim to any favor f ! new ,kami1 or god4 ,z soon z ! poor animal falls d[n exhau/$ f ! loss ( blood1 8 head is cut (f1 & ! arr[s1 spe>s1 knives1 /icks1 & 9 fact all ! weapons by :i* he has be5 w\nd$1 are solemnly pres5t$ to ! headless trunk by ! village patri>*1 :o reque/s ! be> to av5ge himself ^u ! weapons by :i* he has be5 insult$ & sla94 ,! sev]$ head is !n affix$ to ! trunk1 & ! dead be> is c>ri$ to ! alt>1 :]e ! ,rama ,mats\ri 7! sacrifice ( ! be>7 comm5ces amid v>i\s solemnities1 su* z s++1 music1 & (f]+s consi/+ ( ev]y?+ ! ,a9os mo/ e/eem4 ,! nurse mean:ile deals bl[s ) ! bran* ( a tree ^u e "o :o has tak5 "p 9 ! be>'s dea?4 ,! fle% is !n di/ribut$ among ! p1 & ! head is plac$ ^u a pole opposite ! hut ( ! *ief1 :]e x is left to decay4 8,! ,a9os ent]ta9 great fe> & pr(\nd respect = /r5g? & c\rage2 & ?is is ! cause ( _! v5]ation = ! be>--! /ronge/ & fi]ce/ animal kn[n to !m4 ,_! mo/ en]getic comp>ison is ! be>4 ,a man is #8/rong z a be>1' #8fi]ce z a be>1' etc4 ,! be> is ! burd5 ( _! national songs1 &1 9 a ^w1 ?is animal is ! symbol ( ev]y?+ !y ?9k wor?y ( respect4 ,to comp>e an ,a9o ) a be> is ! sure/ plan to ga9 8 fri5d%ip2 & x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t ! m]it ! ,a9os atta* to ! be> is m or less des]v$1 z ! ,yezzo be> is ! f9e/ specim5 ( 8 species40 ,,*apt] ,,xxxv4 ,,mohamm$anism4 ,utt] ! song1 ,o my s\l6 ! flight & return ( ,mohamm$1 ,prophet & prie/1 :o scatt]$ abroad bo? evil & bless+1 ,huge wa/eful empires f\nd$1 & hall[$ sl[ p]secution1 ,s\l-)]+1 b cru%$ ! blasphem\s rites ( ! ,pagan4 ,,samuel ,,taylor ,,col]idge4 ,! /ory ( ! idol wor%ip ( ! _w w\ld n be complete )\t hav+ describ$ t sy/em ( religion :i* began z an opposition to all idolatry4 ,?is 0 ! motive t l$ ,mohamm$ to />t on 8 c>e] ( de/roy+ idols1 & compell+ _! wor%ip]s1 at ! sword's po9t1 to believe 9 ! "o ,god4 ,add to ?is ! fact t ?is religion has ext5d$ f> beyond ! b\nds ( its bir?place1 & x w be se5 to be well wor?y ( our att5tion4 ,,ext5t ,,( ,,mohamm$anism4 ,!re are f #aej1jjj1jjj to #ahj1jjj1jjj ( ,mohamm$ans1 or ,moslems 7z !y are sometimes call$71 9 ! _w4 ,^! are f\nd 9 ! s\?-ea/ corn] ( ,europe1 & are scatt]$ ov] ,asia & ,africa4 ,arabia & ,turkey are ! ,mohamm$an c\ntries1 ?\gh 9 ,egypt & ,india1 & ev5 9 ,*9a1 !y are to be f\nd by ! hundr$s ( ?\s&s4 ,?is sy/em is a proselyt+ "o1 & ?us has come to spread s widely4 ,/>t+ ) b a h&ful ( disciples1 ! foll[]s ( ,mohamm$ include m ?an "o-t5? ( ! human race4 ,its believ]s are true1 /rong believ]s1 hold+ _! fai? ) firmness & f]vor4 ,= hundr$s ( ye>s !y h be5 try+ to br+ ! _w to ! fai? embodi$ 9 _! motto1 8,god is ,god1 & ,mohamm$ is ,8 ,prophet40 ,=m]ly1 9 great armies1 !y swept ov] ,asia & ,africa1 mak+ _! proselytes at ! po9t ( ! sword2 to-day !y borr[ ,*ri/ian me?ods1 & ,moslem mission>ies g =? to prea* ! ,koran 7_! sacr$ book71 & ?us seek to ext5d ! dom9ion ( ,mohamm$4 ,9 _! univ]sity at ,cairo1 #aj1jjj /ud5ts are ga!r$ to-day1 prep>+ to g z ! mission>ies ( ! ,moslem fai?4 ,a celebrat$ travel] describes ?is univ]sity ?us3 8,?is univ]sity is #ijj ye>s old 7old] ?an ,ox=d71 & /ill fl\ri%es ) z mu* vigor z 9 ! palmy days ( ! ,arabian ,conque/4 ,!re ,i saw collect$ toge!r #aj1jjj /ud5ts4 ,z "o express$ x1 #8!re 7 two acres ( turbans1' assembl$ 9 a va/ inclosure1 ) no floor b a pavem5t1 & ) a ro( ov] x1 support$ by #djj columns1 & at ! foot ( e column a tea*]1 surr\nd$ by 8 pupils4 ,z we ent]$1 !re rose a hum ( ?\s&s ( voices1 recit+ ! ,koran4 ,^! /ud5ts are n only f ,egypt1 b f all p>ts ( ,africa1 f ,morocco to ,zanzib>4 ,!y come f f> up ! ,nile1 f ,nubia & ,s\dan2 & f ,d>f\r1 beyond ! great des]t1 & f ! we/]n coa/ ( ,africa4 ,asia1 too1 is l>gely repres5t$ 9 /ud5ts f ,we/]n ,asia1 f ,turkey1 ,arabia & ,p]sia2 & f ,c5tral ,asia1 f ,khiva1 & ,bokh>a1 & ,turki/an1 & ,afghani/an1 & ! bord]s ( ,*9a4 ,!y live on ! *>ities ( ! fai?ful2 & :5 _! /udies are end$1 ^? :o are to be mission>ies m\nt _! camels1 &1 jo9+ a c>avan1 cross ! des]t1 & are lo/ 9 ! f> int]ior ( ,africa40 ,& !re1 we %\ld say1 !y meet our no less fai?ful & ard5t ,*ri/ian mission>ies1 :o are labor+ to elevate ! deprav$ ,africans4 ,^! c>ry to a happy completion ! v imp]fect "w :i* ,moslem mission>ies are able to p]=m4 ,n[ let u turn to ! /ory ( ! man :o f\nd$ ,mohamm$anism4 ,,! ,,arabian ,,camel-,,driv] ,,:o ,,f\nd$ ,a ,,great ,,religion4 ,! desc5dants ( ,i%mael & ( ,abraham h inhabit$ un9t]rupt$ly a l& inclos$ by ! ,r$ ,sea1 ! ,indian ,ocean1 ! ,p]sian ,gulf1 ! ,euphrates ,riv] & ! l& ( ,syria4 ,!re are a few f]tile valleys & excell5t pa/ures 9 ,arabia2 b a great "p ( ! c\ntry consi/s ( bleak wild]nesses1 b>r5 hills & wa/es ( s&y des]ts4 ,!re is n "o navigable riv] 9 ! :ole c\ntry4 ,goods are c>ri$ on camels1 ^: driv]s travel 9 gr\ps call$ c>avans4 ,! ,arabs are a simple & temp]ate race1 quick to rev5ge1 yet exce$+ly hospitable4 ,! great majority ( ! p 9 ! int]ior live a t5t life2 ?us !y are br\ght into close contact ) nature1 & are rev]5tial & imag9ative4 ,f _! out-door life1 !y 7 e>ly incl9$ to wor%ip ! sun1 moon1 planets & all ! ho/s ( heav5 & angels4 ,desir+ a visible object ( wor%ip1 some?+ to be se5 & felt1 !y made images ( _! deities4 ,! 8,black ,/one10 9 ! ,temple ( ! ,kaaba1 at ,mecca1 0 an especially honor$ object ( wor%ip4 ,?is /one1 ab\t six in*es by eight1 0 "o ( ! preci\s /ones ( ,p>adise1 & fell d[n to ! e>? ) ,adam4 ,at ! deluge1 x 0 tak5 up aga91 or o!rwise pres]v$1 & aft]w>d br\ght by ,gabriel to ,abraham1 :5 he & ,i%mael 7 build+ ! ,kaaba4 ,?is temple 0 plac$ 9 *>ge ( "o family4 ,9 ! ye> #egj ,a4,d41 ( ?is family 0 born a *ild nam$ ,mohamm$1 de/9$ to affect ! religi\s life ( hundr$s ( millions ( 8 fell[-be+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,temple ,,( ,,! ,,kaaba1 ,,at ,,mecca1 ,,arabia4 ,,! ,,prophet',s ,,y\? ,,& ,,e>ly ,,manhood4 ,miracul\s signs 7 said to h att5d$ 8 bir?4 ,= five ye>s1 he rema9$ away f 8 "m2 at ! end ( t "t1 he became subject to epileptic fits1 & return$ to 8 home4 ,he !n saw ! multitude ( pilgrims1 ) _! camels lad5 ) spices & beautiful clo?s1 com+ ye>ly to visit ,mecca1 & und\bt$ly 0 impress$ ) ! sights & s\nds 9 ! ,kaaba4 ,:5 he 0 twelve ye>s old1 an ev5t occurr$ :i* greatly influ5c$ 8 aft] life4 ,) 8 uncle's c>avan he j\rney$ to ,pale/9e1 :]e he met ,jews & ,*ri/ians4 ,f ^! he mu/ h ga9$ t k ( ! ,bible :i* he us$ 9 8 tea*+s 9 aft] ye>s4 ,! ,jews1 f ! day :5 ,god cur$ !m ( idolatry1 by s5d+ !m away to ,babylon1 _h p]si/5tly oppos$ ! wor%ip ( idols1 & upheld & urg$ ! wor%ip ( ! "o true ,god4 ,! ,*ri/ians 7 su* 9 "n only2 =1 ) _! ritual1 crosses1 pictures1 ve/m5ts & images1 !y 7 h>dly bett] ?an ! idolat]s ar\nd !m4 ,b ,mohamm$ ga9$ only a sup]ficial k ( ^! fai?s1 & knew almo/ no?+ ( _! lead+ features4 ,:5 he 0 tw5ty-five ye>s old he ent]$ ! s]vice ( ! ,khadija1 a ri* wid[ ( ,mecca1 = 8 family 0 poor4 ,%e appo9t$ him z a camel-driv]1 to c>e = ! c>avans4 ,! wid[ soon 0 *>m$ ) ! noble appe>ance & en]getic manl9ess ( ,mohamm$1 & 9 a mode/ way l$ him to seek to m>ry h]4 ,! m>riage 0 a happy "o1 & ,mohamm$ lov$ 8 wife long aft] h] dea?1 ev5 to 8 old age4 ,:5 all ! _w turn$ its back ^u him 9 scorn1 %e clung to him2 & :ile !y call$ him *eat & impo/or1 %e recogniz$ him z ! prophet ( ,god4 ,dur+ all ?is "t he always appe>$ z a v religi\s & upright p]son4 ,(t5 ) 8 wife he retir$ to a cave1 ab\t ?ree miles f ,mecca1 to pray & fa/4 ,"h1 :5 9 8 epileptic fits1 x is claim$1 he saw visions & receiv$ revelations4 ,,gabriel',s ,,message ,,to ,,mohamm$4 ,9 8 =tie? ye>1 he 0 sp5d+ ! sacr$ mon? 9 ! cave4 ,"o night1 z he said1 !re appe>$ 8"o mighty 9 p[]1 endu$ ) und]/&+10 :o /ood ab\t two b[s' l5g? f him4 ,x 0 ! angel ,gabriel1 :o held a silk5 scroll 9 8 h&1 & bade ,mohamm$ read ! writ+ !reon4 ,he repli$ t he c\ld n2 !n ,gabriel said1 8,read 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l1 :o ha? creat$ all ?+s4 ,read by ! mo/ b5efic5t ,"l1 :o taught ! use ( ! p52 :o tea*e? man t :i* he kn[e? n40 ,!n ! angel flew away1 leav+ ,mohamm$ 9 p]plexity4 ,aft] a "t1 :5 d\bt & despond5cy fill$ 8 m9d1 ! voice ( ! angel 0 he>d speak+ f a ?rone midway betwe5 heav5 & e>?1 say+3 8,o ,mohamm$6 ?\ art ! prophet ( ,god1 & ,i am ,gabriel40 ,?is he reg>ds z 8 commission1 & /raightway tells 8 wife4 ,secretly he commits ! revelation made him to v>i\s p]sons1 & aft] f\r ye>s ga!rs toge!r ?irty or =ty conv]ts4 ,!n ,gabriel comes aga91 & br+s f ! ,"l ?is message3 8,o ?\ cov]$1 arise & prea*1 & magnify ! ,"l1 & clean ?y g>m5ts1 & fly e abom9ation40 ,he obey$ ?is1 & 9 consequ5ce ( ! *anges he urg$1 0 =c$ to suff] p]secution4 ,ev5 8 relatives turn$ aga9/ him4 ,he 0 mock$ & scorn$1 & occasionally abus$4 ,8 disciples suff]$ ) him1 & s he s5t away to ,abyss9ia elev5 ( !m z mission>ies4 ,at fir/ 8 tea*+s _h n be5 uncompromis+2 b1 s he ?\ght1 9 a revelation he 0 w>n$ t ?is 0 wrong1 & he proce$$ to burn ! bridges beh9d him4 ,( "s ( ! idol gods he _h said3 8,_! int]cession may be hop$ = ) ,god40 ,aft] 8 vision he said1 8,^! are no o!r ?an empty names1 :i* ye & y\r fa!rs h made gods40 ,!n ! idol wor%ip]s turn$ on him2 he 01 said !y1 a fool1 a fanatic1 a =g]4 ,!n !y o/raciz$ him2 he 0 %ut out f _! homes & cut (f f _! fri5d%ip4 ,to escape p]sonal viol5ce he fl$ ! city1 m+l+ ) ! pilgrims f di/ant l&s z !y j\rney$ to ,mecca1 & prea*+ to !m 8 doctr9es4 ,!n 8 wife1 ,khadija1 di$4 ,soon aft] ?is he m>ri$1 & 0 betro!d 79 8 fiftie? ye>7 to a *ild ( sev5 ye>s1 z x is ! cu/om ( ! ,arabs to all[ a man to m>ry z _m wives z he might wi%4 ,n[ came ! turn ( ! tide2 8 fail+ =tunes began to rise aga94 ,a few pilgrims f ,m$9a 7 conv]t$4 ,) zeal !y s\ght to spread ,mohamm$'s doctr9e on _! return home4 ,!y met ) a/oni%+ success1 & soon ! prophet's "n 0 9 e h\sehold 9 ,m$9a1 & ! motto1 8,god is ,god1 & ,mohamm$ is ,8 ,prophet10 0 he>d on e side4 ,! prophet 0 invit$ to g & live 9 ,m$9a4 ,aft] a ye>1 ) _m companions1 8 ,m$9a conv]ts return$ to him at ,mecca1 & aga9 pl$g$ _! fidelity4 ,,! ,,flight ,,( ,,mohamm$4 ,on ! #bj? ( ,june1 ,a4,d4 #fbb1 ! celebrat$ 8,hejira10 or flight1 took place4 ,f ?is day1 ! ,mohamm$ans date _! era1 z ,*ri/ians d f ! bir? ( ,*ri/4 ,!y reg>d ?is z ! mo/ mom5t\s ev5t ( _! hi/ory1 = f ?is "t =?1 ,mohamm$'s c\rse 0 "o ( con/ant progress4 ,aft] eight days' j\rney1 !y arriv$ at ,m$9a1 & 9 great pomp made a triumphal entry into ! city4 ,he wait$ until 8 camel volunt>ily knelt & !re built 8 h\se4 ,!n a temple1 #aej feet squ>e1 0 built2 ?is is call$ to-day ! ,mosque ( ! ,prophet4 ,"h a simple wor%ip 0 e/abli%$4 ,mohamm$ 0 n[ m>ri$ to ,aye%a1 ! *ild to :om he _h be5 betro!d4 ,z he already _h "o wife he ?us indors$ ! cu/om ( hav+ _m wives4 ,?is practice &1 gr[+ out ( x1 ! enormity ( treat+ wom5 z really little bett] ?an slaves1 are ! conspicu\s blots on ,mohamm$'s c>e]4 ,,conv]ts ,,made ,,at ,,! ,,sword',s ,,po9t4 ,mohamm$ 0 n[ e/abli%$ 9 a secure position4 ,8 prosp]ity spoil$ him4 ,he long$ = great] numb]s ( conv]ts ?an he c\ld make by prea*+ simply1 h5ce1 8 disord]$ m9d prompt$ him to see a vision 9 :i* he 0 direct$ to take ! sword to compel conv]ts4 ,9 "o ( ! sacr$ mon?s he s5t eight ( 8 foll[]s to waylay a ,mecca c>avan4 ,"o man !y kill$1 two o!rs 7 tak5 prison]s & ) _! booty ! ,mohamm$ans return$ to ,m$9a4 ,! next 0 ! celebrat$ battle ( ,badr1 :5 a troop ( ,meccans came out to de/roy ,mohamm$ & 8 ,m$9a foll[]s1 b 7 !mselves de/roy$4 ,mohamm$ ass]t$ t #c1jjj angels f\ght ) !m1 & t ?us !y ga9$ ! battle4 ,?is battle plac$ ,mohammad :]e he c\ld comm& 7or r dem&7 unhesitat+ ob$i5ce f 8 foll[]s4 ,battle aft] battle foll[$1 & conv]ts 7 made by ! ?\s&s4 ,mecca 0 subdu$1 & !n ! :ole ( ,arabia4 ,to 8 foll[]s1 he promis$ ,p>adise %\ld !y fall 9 ! fight4 ,said !y to him3 8,x is hot40 ,he repli$3 8,hell is hott]40 ,mohamm$ 0 made ( /]n /uff2 8 indomitable w support$ him 9 8 great und]tak+s4 ,he 0 n a true prophet1 nei!r 0 he an impo/or4 ,8 religion 0 begun1 develop$ & complet$ "u :at he took to be ! inspiration ( ,god4 ,to all appe>ance he 0 s9c]e1 ?\gh awfully mi/ak54 ,he believ$ firmly 9 8 mission & 9 ! assi/ance ( ,god2 he nev] falt]$1 he nev] hesitat$1 he w5t /raight =w>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mohamm$an ,,cemet]y ,,at ,,mecca4 ,?us1 until 8 sixty-second ye>1 8 religion kept gr[+1 embrac+ an increas+ t]ritory "u its dom9ion4 ,at ?is "t1 he 0 attack$ ) a viol5t fev]1 :i* 9 less ?an a mon? end$ 8 life4 ,he exclaim$3 8,oh1 to dep>t & be ne> ! ,"l10 8,et]nity ( ,p>adise60 8,p>don60 & !n ! ,prophet ( ,mecca 0 dead4 ,mecca & ,m$9a long rema9$ ! /rongholds1 ! c5tres ( ,mohamm$an influ5ce4 ,mecca especially became ! ,holy ,place to :i* ! fai?ful made _! pilgrimages1 & 9 ! cemet]y ( :i* city !y long$1 at la/1 to lie 9 dea?4 ,all ,mohamm$ans turn to ,mecca 9 say+ _! pray]s1 & 9 all ! mosques1 by a ni*e or by "s o!r means1 ! direction ( ,mecca is indicat$ z a guide to ! devotions ( ! fai?ful :o assemble !re4 ,,mohamm$',s ,,successors1 ,,! ,,caliphs4 ,aft] ,mohamm$'s dea?1 8 bosom fri5d1 ,abu ,bekr1 0 elect$ to be 8 successor1 call$ ! ,caliph4 ,f 8 atta*m5t to ,mohamm$ he receiv$ ! "n ( 8,! ,true40 ,! "n ,abu ,bekr means 8,! ,fa!r ( ! ,virg910 & 0 giv5 him because ,aye%a1 8 daught]1 0 ! only virg9 bride ( ,mohamm$4 ,! (fice ( ,caliph 0 ! highe/ t c\ld be held 9 ! ,mohamm$an _w4 ,all ! 8,fai?ful0 recogniz$ 9 ! ,caliph bo? ! temporal & spiritual head4 ,abu ,bekr prov$ a wor?y successor to ,mohamm$4 ,he put d[n ! ,b$\9 rebellions1 :i* began imm$iately aft] ,mohamm$'s dea?1 & n only conqu]$ !m1 b won !m to 8 cause1 & turn$ _! fi]ce fanaticism into ! s]vice ( ,mohamm$anism4 ,abu ,bekr 0 a man ( ! pure/ "*1 & _h ! firme/ fai? 9 ,mohamm$'s mission4 ,he di$ aft] a reign ( ab\t two ye>s & a half1 & ,om> became ! next ,caliph4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,a ,,turkoman ,,t5t1 ,,9 ,,we/]n ,,p]sia4 ,,caliph ,,om>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mosque ,,( ,,om>1 ,,on ,,! ,,site ,,( ,,! ,,jewi% ,,temple1 ,,at ,,j]usalem4 ,"u ,om>1 :o reign$ f #fcd to #fdc ,a4,d41 ,mohamm$anism spread nor?w>d & we/w>d4 ,damascus & its neighborhood1 !n ,pale/9e1 & f9ally all ,syria yield$ to him4 ,9 #fcf ,a4,d41 ,j]usalem surr5d]$ to him4 8,m\nt$ on 8 camel1 a bag ( dates & a sk9 ( wat] by 8 side--ample provision = 8 simple wants--he made 8 entry into ! sacr$ city40 ,on ! site ( ,solomon's ,temple1 he built ! 8,dome ( ! ,rock10 ! ,mosque ( ,om>1 z x is commonly1 b errone\sly1 call$ to ?is day4 ,! ,mosque ( ,om> /&s ^u an artificial plateau call$ ! ,h>am area4 ,?is is sp>+ly ornam5t$ ) cypress & o!r trees & f\nta9s4 ,! mosque is "o ( ! mo/ prom95t belong+s ( ,j]usalem4 ,x is second 9 importance only to ! ,mosque ( ! ,kaaba at ,mecca4 ,x is #agj feet high1 & #ecf feet ar\nd its eight sides4 ,9 ! int]ior is a gray lime/one rock1 f :i* ! mosque sometimes takes its "n1 ! 8,dome ( ! ,rock40 ,?is /one is believ$ by ! ,mohamm$ans to h 8desc5d$ f heav5 & to h be5 susp5d$ 9 ! air2 t x attempt$ to foll[ ! ,prophet on 8 asc5sion to ,p>adise1 b 0 kept back f its native qu>ry by ! angel ,gabriel1 :o left 8 l>ge h&-pr9ts z a p]man5t memorial ( ! miracle60 ,illu/ration3 ,,mohamm$ans ,,pray+ ,,be=e ,,! ,,mosque ,,( ,,om>4 ,p]sia soon yield$ to ,om>1 & !n ,egypt4 ,8 empire n[ ext5d$ f ,nor!rn ,syria to ,s\!rn ,arabia1 & f ,ea/]n ,p]sia to ,we/]n ,egypt4 ,om> 0 ! fir/ ,caliph :o 0 call$ ! 8,pr9ce ( ! ,fai?ful40 ,?\gh 8 p[] & honor 7 s great1 8he affect$ no regal /ate1 0 ! fri5d & companion ( ! begg> & poor1 & 9 8 mud palace1 at ,m$9a1 0 ready to %>e 8 meal ) ! humble/ bro!r ( ! fai?40 ,om> 0 kill$ by a ,p]sian slave4 ,he 0 succe$$ by ! ,caliph ,o?man4 ,he reign$ amid/ great turbul5ce & discont5t until ! ye> #fed ,a4,d41 :5 he 0 murd]$4 ,! next ,caliph1 ,ali1 :o reign$ till #ffj ,a4,d41 01 likewise1 assass9at$4 ,hassan1 ! next ,caliph1 0 poison$ by 8 wife4 ,sev]al ,caliphs1 ,muavia & ,hose91 occupi$ ! ?rone be=e ,valid ,i4 reign$4 ,8 reign ext5d$ f #gje to #gaf ,a4,d4 ,"u him ! empire ( ! 8,pr9ce ( ! ,fai?ful0 atta9$ its greate/ ext5t4 ,x !n ext5d$ f ,india to ,spa94 ,?us1 j ab\t "o hundr$ ye>s f ! "t :5 ,mohamm$ _h receiv$ 8 call to ent] ^u 8 mission z ! ,prophet ( ,god1 to re-e/abli% ,8 wor%ip & to de/roy idolatry1 ! empire :i* he _h f\nd$1 & ! religion he _h />t$1 _h spread ov] ,arabia1 ,syria1 ,asia ,m9or1 ,spa91 "p ( ,gaul 7n[ ,france71 ,egypt & ,nor!rn ,africa1 & ov] ,p]sia & ,nor!rn ,india4 ,soon aft] ?is1 reign$ a ,caliph ^: "n is a h\sehold ^w among u1 ,h>\n-al-,ras*id1 ( :om ! 8,arabian ,nights0 has s mu* to say4 ,! ,caliph prec$+ him _h mov$ 8 capital to ,bagdad4 ,z ! fir/ cal5d> says1 9 ! 8,arabian ,nights0 /ory1 8,h>\n-al-,ras*id's g5]osity 0 r5[n$ ?r\gh ! _w40 ,! /ories tell u ( 8 w&]+ 9 disguise among 8 p to asc]ta9 m accurately _! condition1 & ?us to be bett] able to gov]n !m4 ,hi!rto ! ,caliphate has be5 held by ,arabians1 soon aft] ,h>\n-al-,ras*id's "t1 x passes into ! h&s ( ! ,turks4 ,!y h reta9$ x )\t int]ruption d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,,! ,,crusades4 ,attempts 7 (t5 made to roll back ! tide ( ,mohamm$an conque/1 b )\t avail4 ,rebellions 7 put d[n rapidly1 & no nation f )\t seem$ dispos$ to dispute ) ! ,mohamm$ans _! possession ( ! conqu]$ c\ntries4 ,b 9 ! ye> #ajif ,a4,d41 fir$ by ! desire to recov] ! l& ( ! bir?place ( ,*ri/1 & anxi\s to rev5ge ! insults & injuries heap$ ^u ! ,*ri/ian pilgrims to ! ,holy ,l& by ! ,moslems1 l$ ! ,*ri/ians ( ,we/]n ,europe to det]m9e to beg9 a ,crusade4 ,! ,pope1 ,urban ,,ii41 aid$ by ! prea*+ ( ,pet] ! ,h]mit1 succe$$ 9 induc+ an army to />t = ! conque/ ( ,pale/9e4 ,!y seem$ to succe$1 & yet !irs 0 a d\btful victory4 ,!y rea*$ ,j]usalem1 & slew multitudes ( ! ,s>ac5 ,moslems4 ,b !y c\ld n reta9 _! hold ^u ! city4 ,a second ,crusade 0 und]tak5 9 #aadh ,a4,d41 b utt]ly fail$ to accompli% its object4 ,/4 ,b]n>d1 :o _h urg$ on ?is ,crusade1 decl>$ t x _h fail$ because ( ! s9fulness ( ! ,crusad]s1 & t none b innoc5t h&s c\ld wre/ ! ,holy ,l& f ! ,moslem h&s :i* held x4 ,s 9 #abab began ! ,*ildr5's ,crusade2 #cj1jjj *ildr51 "u ! boy-lead]1 ,/eph51 & #bj1jjj ,g]man boys & girls1 "u ! peasant-lad1 ,ni*olas1 />t$ = ! conque/ ( ,pale/9e1 only to p]i% by sea or l&1 or to be c>ri$ to ! slave m>kets4 ,two o!r ,crusades 7 comm5c$1 b bo? fail$1 & to-day ! ,holy ,l& is "u ! dom9ion ( ! ,moslem ,turk4 ,! religion ( ,mohamm$ is /ill spread+1 ?\gh only 9 ,africa4 ,x obta9$ a foot+ 9 ,we/]n ,*9a "s "t ago1 & m lately spread ?r\gh\t ! ,indian ,ar*ipelago4 ,we n[ pass to consid] ! ,mohamm$an ,bible1 kn[n z ! ,koran1 & give att5tion to its tea*+s4 ,,! ,,writ+ ,,( ,,! ,,koran4 ,dur+ ! lifetime ( ,mohamm$ no attempt 0 made to collect ! multitud9\s revelations con/itut+ ! ,koran into "o book4 ,! v>i\s passages _h be5 writt5 d[n f 8 lips1 f "t to "t at _! deliv]y1 by "s fri5d or foll[] p]=m+ ! (fice ( amanu5sis2 or !y _h be5 fir/ committ$ to memory1 & !n at "s subsequ5t p]iod record$4 ,= ?is purpose ! rude mat]ials 9 use among ! ,arabs 7 employ$1 z palm-leaves1 lea!r1 /one tablets1 or ! %\ld]-blades ( goats & camels4 ,!re 0 no sy/ematic arrangem5t ( ^! mat]ials4 ,!re 71 inde$1 recogniz$ 8,suras10 or *apt]s2 & x seems probable t ! great] "p ( ! revelation 0 s arrang$ dur+ ! ,prophet's lifetime1 & us$ 9 t =m = private read+1 & also = recitation at ! daily pray]s4 ,"s ( ! ,suras 7 %ort & self-conta9$2 o!rs 7 long]1 & f "t to "t 7 add$ to by ! comm& ( ,mohamm$1 :o w\ld direct a new revelation to be 8ent]$ 9 ! ,sura treat+ ( su* & su* a subject40 ,!re 0 no fix$ repository = ^! mat]ials2 b !re is reason to conjecture t ! great] portion1 or at lea/ ! mo/ important *apt]s1 7 laid up 9 ! habitation ( "o ( ! ,prophet's wives 7= he _h no sep>ate room or dwell+-place ( 8 own71 or left 9 ! cu/ody ( ! scribes or secret>ies :o _h fir/ record$ !m4 ,!y 71 moreov]1 treasur$ up ) pi\s rev]5ce 9 ! memories ( ! p1 & transcripts ( ! sev]al ,suras or fragm5ts1 especially ( ^? mo/ frequ5tly 9 use = m]itori\s repetition1 or = public & private devotion1 7 ev5 be=e ! ,flight 9 ! h&s ( _m p]sons1 & s pres]v$ ) religi\s & ev5 sup]/iti\s c>e4 ,z ! ,fai? ext5d$1 tea*]s 7 s5t =? to ! v>i\s tribes ?r\gh\t ,arabia to in/ruct ! new conv]ts 9 ! requirem5ts ( ,islam2 & ^! c>ri$ ) !m1 ei!r 9 a record$ =m or indelibly impr9t$ on ! m9d 7= ! ,arab memory 0 possess$ ( a m>vel\s t5acity71 ! lead+ portions ( ! ,mohamm$an ,revelation4 ,,! ,,tea*+ ,,( ,,! ,,koran4 ,sir ,william ,muir1 "o ( ! fir/ expositors ( ! ,koran1 ?us writes3 8,! tea*+ ( ! ,koran is v simple4 ,god has reveal$ ,himself 9 v>i\s ages1 "u diff]5t disp5sations1 ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( inspir$ prophets4 ,! disp5sations v>i$ 9 outw>d & accid5tal =m2 b ! great ca?olic fai? 9 ! unity ( ,god & ,islam 7t is1 submission to ,8 w71 und]lies !m all4 ,! tru? ?us successively promulgat$ 0 z (t5 lo/ or di/ort$ by ! ignorance & p]v]sity ( mank9d4 ,! mission ( ,mohamm$ 0 to e/abli% ! la/ ( ^! disp5sations2 &1 :ile at fir/ pr(ess+ to hold t 8 own tea*+ 0 simply concurr5t ) t ( =m] revelations1 9 ! end he caus$ x to oblit]ate & ov]ride !m all4 8,! fir/ condition ( ,islam is belief 9 ! cre$3 #8,!re is no ,god b ! ,"l1 & ,mohamm$ is ,8 ,apo/le4' ,?is at once sweeps away idolatry1 & ! #8association ) ,god' ( o!r objects ( wor%ip2 & x also e/abli%es ! ,koran z ! p>am\nt rule ( fai? & practice4 ,!re is no prie/hood 9 ,islam4 ,man deals imm$iately ) ! ,deity4 ,mohamm$ is b a ,prophet1 himself a s9n] ne$+ m]cy & =giv5ess4 ,salvation is promis$ to ! believ]2 b he is at ! same "t b\nd to ab/a9 f evil1 & to d good works1 &1 9 p>ticul>1 to obs]ve ! ord9ances ( ,islam4 ,^! requirem5ts1 ?\gh few & simple1 p]vade ! :ole life ( a ,mussulman4 ,! day op5s ) pray] at ! dawn2 ) pray] ! night closes 92 & ! c]emony is repeat$ ?ree o!r times1 at fix$ int]vals1 dur+ ! day4 ,ea* pray] consi/s ( two or m s]ies ( pro/rations1 accompani$ by ejaculatory pray] & ! recital ( %ort passages ( ! ,koran4 ,!n !re are ! prescrib$ ti!s1 or alms2 ! fa/ ?r\gh\t ! :ole mon? ( ,ramodhn 7:i*1 ?\gh rigor\s f dawn to sunset1 admits ( entire relaxation by night72 & ! pilgrimage to ,mecca1 :i*1 al?\gh n burd5some to ! ,arabs = :om x 0 fir/ e/abli%$1 is evid5tly unsuitable = obs]vance by all mank9d4 8,t ! fate ( man1 & :atev] happ5s1 great or small1 has be5 fix$ by inevitable decrees is unconditionally ass]t$ ?r\gh\t ! ,koran4 ,! doctr9e is (t5 intelligibly urg$ z a gr\nd ( resignation & pati5ce "u mis=tune1 ( equanimity 9 success1 & ( calmness 9 dang]2 b x is n conf9$ to su* innoc5t & legitimate purposes4 ,! dogma is con/antly obtrud$ 9 its mo/ nak$ & (f5sive =m3 #8,god misleade? :om ,he please?1 & guide? :om ,he please? aright4' #8,we creat$ man upright1 & !n caus$ him to be ! vile/ ( ! vile4' #8,! fate ( e man h we b\nd ab\t 8 neck2' & s =?4 ,b :ile !re is no?+ to be met ) 9 ! ,koran expressly ( an opposite t5or1 !re is mu* t by implication conveys ! s5tim5t ( free w4 ,pray] is cont9ually enjo9$4 ,x 0 practic$ by ,mohamm$ himself1 & deliv]ance is (t5 ascrib$ to its effect4 ,m5 are exhort$ to believe & d good works4 ,!y are w>n$ aga9/ infidelity & s91 #8le/ !y ca/ !mselves into p]dition4' ,salvation1 inde$1 is dep5d5t on fai?1 & fai? ^u ! w ( ,god2 yet !re are n want+ passages :i* speak ( man z *oos+ ! wrong or *oos+ ! "r1 & ( ,p>adise or hell z ! consequ5ce4 ,! believ] is frequ5tly bid to bew>e ( ! wiles ( ,satan4 ,discretion 9 ! foll[+ ( good or evil is impli$ 9 _m p>ts ( ! ,koran & retribution set =? z ! result ( its ex]cise4 ,man is responsible = 8 own s9 only4 #8,! burd5$ s\l %all n be> ! bur!n ( ano!r4' ,h]$it>y ta9t f ! fall is n[h]e admitt$4 ,adam fell1 x is true1 by eat+ ! =bidd5 fruit2 b 8 fall 7z x w\ld appe>7 0 ! consequ5ce1 n ! cause ( ! pron5ess ( 8 nature to s94 ,all m5 h s9n$1 b x has be5 ea* 8 own fault1 act+ indep5d5tly1 & n because ( any?+ antec$5t40 ,,"s ,,selections ,,f ,,! ,,koran4 ,we fir/ pres5t "o ( ! passages 9 :i* ref]5ce is made to ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,9 ! n9? ,sura1 ! ,koran says3 8,fight aga9/ !m :o believe n 9 ,god1 nor 9 ! la/ day1 & =bid n t :i* ,god & ,8 apo/le h =bidd51 & pr(ess n ! true religion1 ( ^? unto :om ! ,scriptures h be5 deliv]$1 until !y pay tribute by "r ( subjection1 & !y be r$uc$ l[4 ,! ,jews say ,ezra is ! son ( ,god2 & ! ,*ri/ians say1 ,*ri/ is ! son ( ,god4 ,?is is _! say+ 9 _! m\?s3 !y imitate ! say+ ( ^? :o 7 unbeliev]s 9 =m] times4 ,may ,god resi/ !m4 ,h[ are !y infatuat$6 ,!y take _! prie/s & _! monks = _! lords1 besides ,god1 & ,*ri/1 ! son ( ,m>y2 al?\gh !y are comm&$ to wor%ip "o ,god only3 !re is no ,god b ,he2 f> be t f ,him1 :i* !y associate ) ,him6 ,!y seek to ext+ui% ! light ( ,god ) _! m\?s2 b ,god wille? no o!r ?an to p]fect ,8 light1 al?\gh ! infidels be av]se !reto4 ,x is ,he :o ha? s5t ,8 apo/le ) ! direction & true religion2 t ,he may cause x to appe> sup]ior to e o!r religion2 al?\gh ! idolators be av]se !reto4 ,o1 true believ]s1 v]ily _m ( ! prie/s & monks dev\r ! sub/ance ( m5 9 vanity1 & ob/ruct ! way ( ,god4 ,b unto ^? :o treasure up gold & silv]1 & employ x n = ! advancem5t ( ,god's true religion1 d5\nce a griev\s puni%m5t4 ,on ! day ( judgm5t _! treasures %all be int5sely heat$ 9 ! fire ( hell1 & _! =eheads1 & _! sides1 & _! backs %all be /igmatiz$ !re)2 & _! torm5tors %all say1 ,?is is :at ye h treasur$ up = y\r s\ls2 ta/e !re=e t :i* ye h treasur$ up40 ,! ,koran says ( idols3 8,om51 a p>able is prop\nd$ unto y2 :]e=e he>k5 unto x4 ,v]ily1 ! idols :i* ye invoke1 besides ,god1 c nev] create a s+le fly1 al?\gh !y 7 all assembl$ = t purpose3 & if ! fly snat* any?+ f !m1 !y _c recov] ! same f x40 ,,mohamm$',s ,,p>adise4 ,sura ,,lvi41 ( ! ,koran1 says3 8,^! are !y :o %all approa* ne> unto ,god3 !y %all dwell 9 g>d5s ( delight4 ,repos+ on c\*es adorn$ ) gold & preci\s /ones2 sitt+ opposite to "o ano!r !reon4 ,y\?s :i* %all cont9ue 9 _! bloom = ev]1 %all g r\nd ab\t to att5d !m1 ) goblets1 & beak]s1 & a cup ( fl[+ w9e3 _! heads %all n a*e by dr9k+ ! same1 nei!r %all _! reason be di/urb$3 & ) fruits ( ! sorts :i* !y %all *oose1 & ! fle% ( birds ( ! k9d :i* !y %all desire4 ,& !re %all accompany !m fair damsels hav+ l>ge black eyes1 resembl+ pe>ls hidd5 9 _! %ells1 z a rew>d = t :i* !y %all h wr\ght4 ,!y %all n he> )9 any va9 disc\rse1 or any *>ge ( s92 b only ! salutation1 ,peace6 ,peace6 ,& ! companions ( ! "r h& 7h[ happy %all ! companions ( ! "r h& be67 %all h _! abode among lote-trees free f ?orns1 & trees ( _m1 load$ regul>ly ) _! produce f top to bottom2 "u an ext5d$ %ade1 ne> a fl[+ wat]1 & amid/ fruits 9 abundance1 :i* %all n fail1 nor %all be =bidd5 to be ga!r$3 & !y %all repose !mselves on l(ty b$s4 ,v]ily1 we h creat$ ! damsels ( ,p>adise by a peculi> creation2 & we h made !m virg9s belov$ by _! husb&s1 ( equal age ) !m2 = ! delight ( ! companions ( ! "r h&4 ,!re %all be _m ( ! =m] religions1 & _m ( ! latt]4 ,& ! companions ( ! left h& 7h[ mis]able %all ! companions ( ! left h& be67 %all dwell amid/ burn+ w9ds & scald+ wat]1 "u ! %ade ( a black smoke1 nei!r cool nor agreeable40 ,,! ,,koran ,,on ,,! ,,judgm5t4 ,sura ,,lxxxi4 says3 8,:5 ! sun %all be fold$ up2 & :5 ! />s %all fall2#h & :5 ! m\nta9s %all be made to pass away2 & :5 ! camels t5 mon?s gone ) "y %all be neglect$2 & :5 ! wild bea/s %all be ga!r$ toge!r2 & :5 ! seas %all boil2 & :5 ! s\ls %all be jo9$ aga9 to _! bodies2 & :5 ! girl :o ha? be5 buri$ alive %all be ask$ = :at crime %e 0 put to dea?2 & :5 ! books %all be laid op52 & :5 ! heav5s %all be remov$2 & :5 hell %all burn fi]cely2 & :5 ,p>adise %all be br\ght ne>2 e s\l %all "k :at x ha? wr\ght40 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvi4 ,,mohamm$an ,,mosques ,,& ,,wor%ip4 ,"o silv] cresc5t 9 ! twilight sky is hang+1 ,ano!r tips ! solemn dome ( yond] mosque1 ,& n[ ! ,muezz9's call is he>d1 sonor\s1 clang+1 ,?r\gh ?rong$ baza>1 conceal$ h>em & cool kiosk3 8,9 ! ,prophet's "n1 ,god is ,god1 & !re is no o!r40 ,on ro(s1 9 /reets1 or closets1 beside 8 bro!r1 ,ea* ,moslem kneels1 8 =ehead turn$ t[>d ,mecca's %r9e1 ,& all ! _w =gott5 9 ! "o ?\ght div9e4 ,,william ,,r\nseville ,,alg]4 8,la ,illah il' ,allah60 ! ,muezz9's call1 ,comes f ! m9>et1 slim & tall1 ,t looks o'er ! di/ant city wall4 8,la ,illah il' ,allah60 ! ,fai?ful he$1 ,) ,god & ! ,prophet ?is h\r to plead1 ,^: e> is op5 to he> _! ne$4 ,,bay>d ,,taylor4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mohamm$an ,,mosque ,,on ,,! ,,hooghly ,,riv]1 ,,ne> ,,calcutta1 ,,india4 ,! ,mohamm$an mosques v>y some:at 9 _! /yle ( ar*itecture 9 diff]5t c\ntries4 ,_! build]s borr[$1 g5]ally1 f ! /yle ( ! v>i\s nations :o adopt$ ! ,moslem fai?4 ,9 ,*ri/ian l&s1 !y seiz$ ^u ! ,*ri/ian *ur*es or ca!drals1 & turn$ !m into mosques2 9 ,india1 ! mosques are patt]n$ aft] ! temples ( ! ,buddhi/ ,ja9s 7?is may be se5 9 ! ,mohamm$an mosque on ! ,hooghly ,riv]1 ne> ,calcutta72 & 9 ,turkey1 !y accept$ ! model ( ! ,byzant9e ar*itecture ( ,con/ant9ople4 ,two or ?ree features are common 9 all4 ,! dome is "o ( ! mo/ common & mo/ beautiful features ( ! mosques4 ,sometimes !re is an op5 squ>e 9 ea* mosque1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* is a tank or f\nta91 = ! wa%+ requir$ 9 ,mohamm$an wor%ip4 ,arabesques & s5t5ces f ! ,koran are inscrib$ ^u ! walls2 & nev] is !re an image or picture ( any liv+ ?+ to be discov]$ 9 any "p ( a mosque4 ,sometimes ! floors are cov]$ ) mats or rugs2 !re are no pews1 seats or b5*es1 = ! wor%ip] sits1 9 ,ori5tal fa%ion1 ) 8 feet d\bl$ "u him1 ^u ! floor4 ,9 "o corn]--! s\?-ea/--is a pulpit = ! ,imm or tea*]4 ,! ,imm is ! mo/ honor$ ( ,moslem tea*]s1 & always we>s a turban high] ?an t ( ! common tea*]s1 read]s or ,moslems g5]ally4 ,! p hold !m 9 great rev]5ce4 ,9 ! direction ( ,mecca1 !re is a ni*e 9 e mosque1 t[>d :i* ! fai?ful mu/ look :5ev] !y pray4 ,opposite ! pulpit is a plat=m hav+ a read+-desk1 ^u :i* is a copy ( ! ,koran--9 ,arabic1 ( c\rse--= ! ,moslems nev] all[ ! ,koran to be translat$2 & z to pr9t+ x1 t is n p]mitt$ !m1 except f li?ographs1 s z to keep up ! appe>ance t x is writt54 ,no copy = a public read+ w\ld be all[$ to be pr9t$4 ,publication 9 ! languages is n p]mitt$1 except f> away f ,arabia4 ,x w\ld be ?\ght grossly unholy 9 ,turkey to attempt su* a ?+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,gorge\s ,,ext]ior ,,( ,a ,,mohamm$an ,,mosque ,,9 ,,p]sia4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,,mosque ,,at ,,delhi1 ,,india4 ,,wor%ip ,,9 ,,! ,,mosques4 ,! congregations ( ! fai?ful ga!r = wor%ip 9 ! mosques on ,fridays4 ,?is is ! ,moslem ,sabba?1 because1 say !y1 ,adam 0 creat$ & di$ on ,friday1 & because on ,friday ! _w w be judg$4 ,! wor%ip consi/s simply ( pray]s & wa%+s1 ) an occasional s]mon on a text f ! ,koran4 ,dur+ ! s]vice e "o ma9ta9s ! utmo/ solemnity2 ?\gh1 aft] ! s]vice !y l\nge1 *at & ev5 make b>ga9s 9 ! sacr$ build+4 ,on ent]+ ! mosque1 ! ,moslem removes 8 %oes1 c>ry+ !m 9 8 left h&1 sole to sole1 ) great c>e1 putt+ 8 "r foot fir/ ov] ! ?re%old4 ,he !n goes ?r\gh ) ! necess>y ablutions 7(t5 a m]e %am1 a m]e go+ ?r\gh ! motions17 & takes 8 place ^u ! matt+1 lay+ 8 %oes be=e him4 ,! wor%ip]s g5]ally arrange !mselves 9 r[s fac+ ! ni*e t[>d ,mecca4 ,wom5 seldom g to ! mosques1 & if !y d1 !y sit ap>t f ! m54 ,! reason = ?is is t ! ,koran does n say t wom5 mu/ pray1 & _m ,moslems believe t wom5 h no s\ls4 ,yet !y believe t !y w ent] ,p>adise1 b ?is is only t !y may cont9ue to be slaves ( m52 ea* ( ! fai?ful is to h 9 ,p>adise1 s !y believe1 #hj1jjj slaves & #gb wives1 9 addition to ^? he _h 9 life & :o ev9c$ a fai?ful _s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,,mosque ,,( ,,/4 ,,sophia4 ,,danc+ ,,& ,,h[l+ ,,d]vi%es4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,:irl+ ,,d]vi%4 ,! ,d]vi%es are ,mohamm$an monks4 ,!y are among ! mo/ curi\s devotees ( ! ,moslem religion4 ,!y p]=m _! wond]ful feats on ,friday aft]noons 9 ! mosques4 ,dr4 ,philip ,s*aff writes ( "o ( _! p]=mances :i* he witness$3 8,aft] ! prelim9>y ex]cises ( pray] & pro/ration1 !y :irl ar\nd on _! toes1 r+ )9 r+1 )\t t\*+ ea* o!r1 = ab\t an h\r1 until !y are utt]ly exhau/$4 ,i saw ?irte5 ( !m all dress$ 9 fl[+ g[ns1 & ) high :ite hats ( /iff wool5 /uff2 _! h&s 7 /ret*$ or rais$ to heav51 _! eyes half clos$1 & _! m9ds app>5tly absorb$ 9 ! contemplation ( ,allah4 ,!y made ab\t =ty or fifty turn+s a m9ute4 ,! ,h[l+ ,d]vi%es sw+ _! heads up & d[n1 cry+ incessantly ) all _! might1 #8,la llaha1 ill' ,allah6' & "s o!r phrases1 until !y are /opp$ by %e] exhau/ion40 ,all ?is is done = ! same reasons = :i* ! ,fakirs ( ,india1 & ! devotees ( o!r nations torm5t _! bodies4 ,,! ,,sm>t ,,& ,,sm>t+ ,,answ] ,,( ,a ,,d]vi%4 ,9 ! nor?-we/ prov9ces ( ,india !re liv$ a ,d]vi% :o 0 nev] guilty ( us+ 8 tongue too freely 9 conv]sation4 ,if a nod or a sign w\ld d1 he w\ld sp>e 8 words4 ,he 0 consid]$ a quiet1 in(f5sive1 b %rewd man4 ,he w5t by ! "n ( 8! holy ,d]vi%40 ,9 ! same place !re liv$ a ri*1 native g5tleman1 good-natur$1 b giv5 n[ & !n to frolics4 ,"o day he propos$ to "s fri5ds to g toge!r & pay ! holy ,d]vi% a visit4 8,i wi%10 ! g5tleman said1 8to puzzle him ) ?ree que/ions :i* he w nev] be able to answ]40 ,!y f\nd ! holy man sitt+ ne> 8 hut 9 a newly-pl[$ field4 ,! ,mohamm$an g5tleman walk$ up to him1 & ) great mock humility said unto him1 8,holy fa!r1 ,i am tr\bl$ ) ?ree que/ions2 w y k9dly answ] !m to me80 ,! ,d]vi% gave an affirmative nod4 ,! g5tleman began4 8,! fir/ "q1 holy fa!r1 is ab\t ,god4 ,p say t !re is a ,god2 b ,i _c see ,him1 & no "o c %[ ,him to me1 & !re=e1 ,i _c believe t !re is a ,god4 ,w y answ] ?is "q80 ,a nod 0 ! answ] ( ! ,d]vi%4 8,my second "q10 ! g5tleman cont9u$1 8is ab\t ,satan4 ,! ,koran says t ,satan is creat$ ( fire4 ,n[1 if ,satan be creat$ ( fire1 h[ c hell-fire hurt him8 ,w y expla9 t too80 ,a nod4 8,! ?ird "q ref]s to myself4 ,x is said 9 ! ,koran1 t e action ( man is decre$2 n[1 if x be decre$ t ,i mu/ commit a c]ta9 action1 h[ c ,god br+ me into judgm5t = t action1 ,himself hav+ decre$ x8 ,please1 holy fa!r1 answ] me40 ,a nod 0 giv5 by ! ,d]vi%1 & :il/ ! p>ty 7 /&+ & gaz+ at him1 he quietly seiz$ a clod f ! newly-pl[$ field & s5t x ) all 8 might at ! g5tleman's face4 ,! g5tleman became furi\s1 & _h ! ,d]vi% c>ri$ be=e ! judge4 ,arriv+ 9 c\rt ! g5tleman /at$ 8 compla9t1 say+ ! pa9 9 8 head 0 s sev]e t he h>dly knew h[ to be> x4 ,! judge look$ at ! ,d]vi%1 & ask$ :e!r ^! ?+s 7 s8 ,a nod 0 ! reply2 b ! judge said1 8,please expla9 y\rself1 = nods w n d 9 my c\rt40 ,! ,d]vi% repli$1 8,?is g5tleman came to me ) 8 companions1 & ask$ ?ree que/ions :i* ,i c>efully answ]$40 8,he did no su* ?+10 ! g5tleman exclaim$2 8a clod ( e>? he ?rew into my face--& oh1 h[ x pa9s me60 ,! judge look$ at ! ,d]vi%1 & said1 8,expla9 y\rself40 8,i w10 0 ! answ]4 8,please1 y\r honor1 ?is g5tleman said to me t p ma9ta9$ t !re 0 a ,god1 b he c\ld n see ,him1 nor c\ld any "o %[ him ,god1 & !re=e he c\ld n believe t !re 0 a ,god4 ,n[ he says he has pa9 9 8 face f ! clod ,i ?rew at him1 b ,i _c see 8 pa94 ,w y\r honor k9dly ask him to %[ u 8 pa91 = h[ c ,i believe he has any if ,i _c see x80 8,aga91 ?is g5tleman ask$1 t if ,satan 0 creat$ ( fire1 h[ c\ld hell-fire hurt him8 ,n[1 ! g5tleman w admit t ,fa!r ,adam 0 creat$ ( e>?1 & t himself also is e>?4 ,n[ if he be e>?1 h[ c\ld a clod ( e>? hurt him80 ,& z to ! ?ird "q1 ! ,d]vi% drew himself up & said ) great dignity1 8,sir1 if x be writt5 9 my fate to ?r[ a clod at ?is g5tleman's face1 h[ c & d>e he br+ me be=e ! judge80 ,! judge all[$ t ! ,d]vi% _h answ]$ ! ?ree que/ions ) 8 clod1 b admoni%$ him to answ] que/ions 9 future 9 a m becom+ way1 z he might n be able to get himself (f s easily f ! usual p5alties at ano!r "t4 ,,daily ,,wor%ip4 ,illu/ration3 ,,moslem ,,boy ,,/udy+ ,,! ,,koran4 ,five times daily ! ,moslem says 8 pray]s4 ,on ! %ip1 9 ! /reet1 9 ! h\se or /ore1 :]ev] he may be1 & =getful ( all 8 surr\nd+s1 at ! h\r ( pray] he spreads 8 mat1 sits ^u x1 turn+ 8 face t[>d ,mecca1 raises 8 h&s to heav51 !n b5ds until 8 =ehead almo/ t\*es ! gr\nd4 ,8 pray] is1 g5]ally1 a recital ( ! fir/ *apt] ( ! ,koran4 ,! five h\rs ( pray] are1 fir/1 betwe5 daybreak & sunrise1 a little pa/ noon1 9 ! aft]noon1 f\r m9utes aft] sunset1 & at night-fall4 ,! times ( pray] are ann\nc$ f ! m9>et1 or t[]1 ( ea* mosque1 by ! ,muezz91 "o ( ! "u-(fic]s ( ! mosque4 ,he *ants ! words 8,allah is great4 ,i te/ify t !re is no ,god b ,allah4 ,i te/ify t ,mohamm$ is ! apo/le ( ,allah4 ,come to pray]4 ,come to security4 ,allah is mo/ great4 ,!re is no ,deity b ,allah60 ,9 ! morn+ he adds1 8,pray] is bett] ?an sleep40 ,at night1 = ! sake ( ! v pi\s1 two extra calls = pray] are s\nd$4 ,bl9d m5 are (t5 *os5 to be ,muezz9s1 because ! high position ( ! m9>et w\ld enable "o :o c\ld see to get too full a view ( ! int]ior ( ! neighbor+ h\ses & h>ems4 ,! fai?ful f e>lie/ *ildhood are requir$ to be dilig5t /ud5ts ( ! ,koran4 ,,! ,,mosque ,,( ,,/4 ,,sophia4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mosque ,,( ,,/4 ,,sophia1 ,,at ,,con/ant9ople1 ,,turkey4 ,"o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ mosques is t ( ,/4 ,sophia1 at ,con/ant9ople4 ,?is 0 once a ,*ri/ian ca!dral4 ,x 0 orig9ally built by ,con/ant9e ! ,great1 9 #cbe ,a4,d4 ,x 0 de/roy$ 9 #djd ,a4,d41 rebuilt1 & aga9 de/roy$ 9 #ecb4 ,aft] ?is ,ju/9ian re/or$ x4 ,x took sev5 ye>s to build x4 ,t5 ?\s& workm5 7 employ$ 9 its erection4 ,x 0 built ( mat]ials ga!r$ f all ov] ! ,roman ,empire1 & compris$ rema9s ( almo/ e celebrat$ hea!n temple ( anci5t times4 ,! dome ( ! tab]nacle 0 ( solid gold1 & 0 surm\nt$ by a solid gold5 cross1 encru/$ ) preci\s /ones1 9 all weigh+ sev5ty-five p\nds4 ,! :ole ca!dral is said to h co/ m ?an #fe1jjj1jjj 7,mr4 ,neale's e/imate1 9 8 volume on ! 8,ea/]n ,*ur*407 ,9 ! ye> #adec ,a4,d41 :5 ! ,turks ent]$ ,con/ant9ople1 !y appropriat$ ?is ca!dral = a mosque4 ,! ,*ri/ian emblems 7 remov$1 de/roy$ or cov]$ up ) pla/]2 ! crosses 7 *isel$ out ( ! walls2 ! great cross on ! summit ( ! dome 0 remov$1 & ! cresc5t took its place4 ,! cresc5t is a half moon1 ) ! horns turn$ upw>d4 ,x is ! di/9ctive ,turki% emblem1 &1 9 "s s5se1 ! ,mohamm$an symbol also4 ,,! ,,jummah ,,musjid ,,at ,,delhi1 ,,india4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mosque ,,at ,,delhi1 ,,conta9+ ,a ,,hair ,,f ,,mohamm$',s ,,be>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,,entrance ,,to ,,! ,,mosque ,,at ,,delhi4 ,illu/ration3 ,,t[] ,,( ,,! ,,k\tub1 ,,india4 ,9 ,delhi itself is probably ! f9e/ ,mohamm$an mosque 9 all ,india4 ,?is is call$ ! ,jummah ,musjid 7! ,pe>l ,mosque74 ,x is built entirely ( s&/one1 & is rais$ ^u a high t]race4 ,?is ma/]piece ( ,indo-,mohamm$an ar*itecture is ! mo/ v5]able monum5t ( ! ,moslems 9 ,india4 ,vivid ?\gh sev]e colors clo! e "p ( ! build+4 ,aft] m\nt+ long flights ( /eps1 ! visitor passes ?r\gh huge bronze doors into a l>ge1 op5 c\rt1 ) a f\nta9 9 its c5tre4 ,at "o side is a piece ( black m>ble1 9 :i* is ! pr9t ( ,mohamm$'s foot--at lea/1 ! prie/s say s4 ,9 ! int]ior1 ! ro(1 pill>s & pavem5t are ( ! pure/ :ite m>ble1 embroid]$ ) f9e/ arabesques4 ,^! arabesques are compos$ ( color$ m>bles1 & preci\s /ones inlaid 9 ! m>ble 9 v>i\s patt]ns ( scroll-"w or ( inscription4 ,bi%op ,heb] said ( ?is /ructure3 8,?is spotless sanctu>y1 %[+ su* a pure _s ( adoration1 made me1 a ,*ri/ian1 feel humbl$1 :5 ,i consid]$ t no ar*itect ( our religion _h ev] be5 able to produce any?+ equal to ?is temple ( ,allah40 ,b ! wor%ip is n n[ s pure4 ,! build+ is rev]5c$ by ! ,mohamm$ans1 n m]ely on acc\nt ( its age or wondr\s beauty1 b because x conta9s a mo/ highly e/eem$ relic ( ,mohamm$4 ,f a small nook ( solid m>ble1 ) a c>efully-lock$ door1 ! prie/s take1 = ! inspection ( visitors & devotees1 a small silv] case2 ) sl[e/1 mo/ cauti\s rev]5ce1 ! casket is unlock$1 & ! prie/ exposes to view--a hair f ,mohamm$'s be>d4 ,:at w\ld t fi]ce hat] ( relics & idols1 ,mohamm$1 say1 c\ld he b see h[ f> 8 mod]n disciples h dep>t$ f 8 tea*+s8 ,besides ! hair1 !y reta9 z relics a g>m5t & a pair ( s&als :i* once belong$ to ! prophet4 ,delhi is to ! ,moslems ( ,india :at ,mecca is to ! ,moslems ( ,arabia & ,egypt4 ,! city is surr\nd$ by walls sev5 miles 9 ext5t ,9 ! suburbs "o rides ?r\gh miles ( ru9s ( mosques1 t[]s & tombs4 ,few cities h _h z spl5did a c>e] z ,delhi1 & few h suff]$ z greatly4 ,"o ( ! m>ks ( ! ,mohamm$an conque/ 9 ,india1 #fjj ye>s ago1 is ! giant t[] ( ! ,k\tub1 ne> ,agra4 ,x is ! highe/ t[]1 /&+ alone1 9 ! _w2 built ( r$ s&/one1 flut$1 & has five /ories4 ,! m5tion ( ,agra recalls "o ( ! mo/ fam\s /ructures ( ! _w1 erect$ by a ,moslem ,mogul ( ,india4 ,%ortly aft] a visit to ?is fam\s ,mohamm$an monum5t1 ,dr4 ,h4 ,m4 ,field wrote ! accompany+ description ( x & ( 8 visit3 ,,! ,,taj ,,mahal1 ,,! 8,,jewel ,,( ,,india40 ,illu/ration3 ,,taj ,,mahal1 ,,! ,,tomb ,,( ,,! ,,empress ,,mumtaj ,,mahal1 ,,at ,,agra1 ,,india4 ,! jewel ( ,india--! ,koh-i-noor ( its beauty--is ! ,taj1 ! tomb built by ! ,emp]or ,%ah ,jehan1 ! gr&son ( ,akb>1 = 8 wife1 :om he lov$ ) an idolatr\s affection1 & on h] dea?-b$ promis$ to re> to h] memory su* a mausoleum z _h nev] be5 erect$ be=e4 ,to c>ry out 8 purpose1 he ga!r$ ar*itects f all c\ntries1 :o rival$ ea* o!r 9 ! extravagance & co/l9ess ( _! designs4 ,! result 0 a /ructure :i* co/ fabul\s sums ( money 7! :ole empire be+ plac$ "u contribution = x1 z 7 ! ,jews = ! ,temple ( ,solomon71 & employ$ #bj1jjj workm5 = sev5te5 ye>s4 ,! build+ ?us erect$ is "o ( ! mo/ fam\s 9 ! _w--l ! ,alhambra or ,/ ,pet]'s--& ( :i* en?usia/ic travel]s are apt to say t x is wor? go+ ar\nd ! _w to see4 ,?is w\ld almo/ disc\rage ! attempt to describe x1 b ,i w try & give "s fa9t idea ( its m>vel\s beauty4 ,b h[ c ,i describe to o!rs :at is b a picture 9 my memory8 ,descriptions ( ar*itecture are apt to be vague1 unless aid$ by pictorial illu/rations4 ,m]e figures & measurem5ts are dry & cold4 ,! mo/ ,i %all aim at w be to give a g5]al 7b ,i hope n indi/9ct7 impression ( x4 ,= ?is1 let u approa* x gradually4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,sc5e ,,on ,,! ,,jumna4 ,x /&s on ! banks ( ! ,jumna1 a mile bel[ ! tort at ,agra4 ,z y approa* x1 x is n expos$ abruptly to view1 b is surr\nd$ by a g>d54 ,y ent] "u a l(ty gate-way1 & be=e y is an av5ue ( cypresses1 a ?ird ( a mile long1 ^: d>k foliage is a sett+ = a =m ( dazzl+ :it5ess at ! end4 ,t is ! ,,taj4 ,x /&s1 n on ! level ( y\r eye1 b on a d\ble t]race2 ! fir/1 ( r$ s&/one1 #bj feet high & #a1jjj feet broad1 at ! extremities ( :i* /& two mosques1 ( ! same d>k /one1 fac+ ea* o!r4 ,midway betwe5 rises ! second t]race1 ( m>ble1 #ae feet high & #cjj feet squ>e1 on ! corn]s ( :i* /& f\r m>ble m9>ets4 ,9 ! c5tre ( all1 ?us 8re>$ 9 air10 /&s ! ,,taj4 ,x is built ( m>ble--no o!r mat]ial ?an ?is1 ( pure & /a9less :ite1 0 fit = a purpose s sacr$4 ,x is #aej feet squ>e 7or r1 x is eight-sid$1 s9ce ! corn]s are truncat$71 & surm\nt$ by a dome1 :i* rises ne>ly #bjj feet above ! pavem5t bel[4 ,^! figures r belittle ! ,,taj1 or1 at lea/1 disappo9t ^? :o look$ = great size4 ,!re are _m l>g] build+s 9 ! _w4 ,b t :i* di/+ui%es x f all o!rs1 & gives x a r>e & ideal beauty1 is ! union ( maje/y & grace4 ,?is is ! peculi> effect ( ,s>ac5ic ar*itecture4 ,! sl5d] columns1 ! spr++ ar*es1 ! swell+ domes1 ! tall m9>ets1 all comb9e to give an impression ( airy lightness1 :i* is n de/roy$ ev5 :5 ! f\ndations are laid ) massive solidity4 ,b x is 9 ! f9i% ( _! /ructure t !y excell$ all ! _w4 ,bi%op ,heb] said truly3 8,!y built l ,titans & f9i%$ l jewel]s40 ,?is union ( two opposite features makes ! beauty ( ! ,,taj4 ,:ile its walls are ?ick & /rong1 !y are pi]c$ by high ar*$ w9d[s :i* relieve _! heav9ess4 ,v9es & arabesques runn+ ov] ! /one-"w give x ! lightness ( foliage1 ( trees blossom+ ) fl[]s4 ,9 ! int]ior !re is an extreme & almo/ fem99e grace1 z if "h ! /r5g? ( man w\ld pay homage to ! delicacy ( woman4 ,inclos+ ! sacr$ place is a scre5 ( m>ble1 c>v$ into a k9d ( fret-"w1 & s pure & :ite t light %9es ?r\gh x z ?r\gh alaba/]1 fall+ s(tly on t :i* is )94 ,! ,emp]or1 b]eav$ ( 8 wife1 lavi%$ ri*es on h] v du/1 ca/+ preci\s /ones ^u h] tomb z if he 7 plac+ a /r+ ( pe>ls ar\nd h] neck4 ,x is ov]run ) v9es & fl[]s1 cut 9 /one1 & set ) onyx1 & jasp]1 & lapis-lazuli1 c>nelians & turquoises1 & *alc$onies1 & sapphires4 ,b ! body re/s 9 ! crypt bel[4 ,we desc5d a few /eps & /& by ! v s>cophagus 9 :i* all t lovel9ess is en%r9$4 ,ano!r s>cophagus conta9s ! body ( h] husb&4 ,_! tombs 7 cov]$ ) fre% fl[]s1 a p]petual tribute to t love :i* 0 s /rong ev5 on ! ?rone1 to ^? :o 7 ?us unit$ 9 life1 & 9 dea? are n divid$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,int]ior ,,( ,,! ,,taj1 ,,! ,,tomb ,,( ,,mahal4 ,"h s5tim5t comes 9 to affect our s5se ( ! beauty ( ! place4 ,if x 7 n = ! t\*+ hi/ory connect$ ) x1 ,i c\ld n agree ) ^? :o pron\nce ! ,,taj ! mo/ beautiful build+ 9 ! _w4 ,m]ely z a build+1 x does n 8ov]come0 me s mu* z ano!r m>ble /ructure--! ,ca!dral ( ,milan4 ,i c\ld n say ) ,bi%op ,heb] t ! mosques ( ,islam are m beautiful1 or m 9 h>mony ) ! _s ( devotion1 ?an ,*ri/ian *ur*es or ca!drals4 ,b ! ,,taj is n a mosque1 x is a tomb--a monum5t to ! dead4 ,& t gives x a t5d] int]e/1 :i* spiritualizes ! cold m>ble1 & makes x m ?an a build+--a poem & a dream4 ,z we came out ! moon 0 rid+ high ov]head1 flood+ ! m>ble pile ) beauty4 ,r\nd & r\nd we walk$1 look+ up at ar* & dome & m9>et4 ,at su* an h\r ! ,,taj 0 s pale & gho/-l1 t x did n seem l a build+ re>$ by human h&s1 b to h gr[n :]e x /ood--l a night-bloom+ ,c]eus1 ris+ sl[ly 9 ! moonlight--lift+ its domes & p9nacles 7l bran*es gr[+ heav5w>d7 t[>d t _w :i* is ! home ( ! love :i* x 0 to pres]ve 9 p]petual memory4 ,) su* ?\ghts we kept our eyes fix$ on t glitt]+ vision1 z if we fe>$ t ev5 z we gaz$ x might vani% out ( our sight4 ,bel[ u ! ,jumna1 fl[+ sil5tly1 seem$ l an image ( human life z x glid$ by4 ,& s at la/ we turn$ to dep>t1 & bade f>ewell to ! ,,taj1 feel+ t we %\ld nev] look at x aga92 b hop+ t x might /& = ages to tell its hi/ory ( fai?ful love to future g5]ations4 ,fl[ on1 sweet ,jumna1 by ! m>ble walls1 reflect+ ! moonbeams on ?y placid brea/2 & 9 ?y g5tle murmurs :isp]+ ev]more ( ,love & ,dea?1 & ,love t _c die6 ,,pilgrimages ,,& ,,fe/ivals4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mohammad5 ,,fea/ ,,( ,,mohurrim4 ,mecca1 ! bir?place ( ,mohamm$1 is ! holy place ( ! ,moslems4 ,! ,kaaba1 ,mohamm$'s home/ead1 is ! holy place ( ,mecca4 ,f all ov] ,moslemdom once 9 e ye> great c>avans g to visit ! bir? place ( ! prophet4 ,?is is ! ev5t 9 ! lives ( ! fai?ful4 ,! long processions1 m\nt$ on camels1 gorge\sly cap>ison$1 file out f ! cities1 & across hill1 & pla91 & ov] ! des]t to ,mecca4 ,mohamm$anism is probably ! mo/ active ( ! non-,*ri/ian religions4 ,! pilgrimages1 ! numb]s ( mission>ies & ! seem+ devotion ( ! p1 z manife/$ 9 _! att5dance at ! mosques1 & on ! occasions ( fe/ivals indicate ?is4 ,"o ( _! fe/ivals1 celebrat$ 9 ,india1 ar\ses _! religi\s zeal1 & c>ries x to ! highe/ pit* ( fanaticism4 ,?is is ! fea/ ( ,mohurrim1 ! ,moslem 8,fea/ ( ,m>tyrs10 commemorat+ ! bloody dea? ( ,mohamm$'s gr&sons4 8,! m>tyrdom ( ^! ,moslem sa9ts is commemorat$ by little %r9es 9 _! h\ses1 made ( pap] & t9sel1 & on ! great day ( ! fea/ !y g 9 procession out ( ! city 7( ,delhi7 to a cemet]y five miles di/ant :]e !y bury !m 9 newly-op5$ graves4 ,m51 wom5 & *ildr5 by t5s ( ?\s&s on foot1 & o!rs 9 bullock-c>ts or m\nt$ on horses1 camels & elephants4 ,imm5se cr[ds ga!r by ! roadside1 m\nt+ ! /eps ( old palaces or climb+ to ! tops ( h\ses1 to see ?is mighty procession pass1 z x goes roll+ =w>d 9 a wild fr5zy to ! cemet]y4 ,!re !y lay d[n ^! images ( _! sa9ts z !y w\ld bury _! dead40 ,,conclusion4 ,! ,mohamm$an religion 0 e/abli%$ by ! sword1 x has con/antly suff]$ by ! sword1 x seems de/9$ to p]i% by ! sword4 ,its hi/ory is track$ ) blood4 ,x has kept back ! nations t h accept$ x1 ret>d+ _! progress4 ,x has degrad$ woman4 ,x has no tea*+s ( s9 or a ,sacrifice or a ,savi\r4 ,god is ! 8,all m]ciful10 b ,8 m]cy is1 accord+ to ,moslem tea*+s1 ) utt] disreg>d ( ju/ice4 ,to be a ,moslem is all t is necess>y to obta9 m]cy1 to refuse to yield to ! fai? ( ,mohamm$ is all t is ne$$ to deprive "o ( ,god's m]cy4 ,! idea ( ,god is cold & cruel1 ) no idea ( ! ,fa!r4 ,b ,mohamm$anism has r5d]$ ?is s]vice to ! _w1 x has greatly less5$ idolatry4 ,! mo/ /ubborn opposition to ,*ri/ian mission>y "w comes f ! ,mohamm$ans4 ,b ! :ole build+ ( ,mohamm$anism1 especially 9 its political relations1 seems to be tott]+ & crumbl+1 & ?reat5s soon to fall 9 ru9s4 ,may ! ,cross soon ga9 a peaceful1 bloodless triumph ov] ! ,cresc5t6 ,,*apt] ,,xxxvii4 ,,w9n+ ,,! ,,_w ,,to ,,! ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,! ,,"o ,,god4 ,!re is a cry 9 ,burmah1 & a ru% ,( ?\s& foot/eps f ! di/ant b\nd ,( wat]y ,siam & ! ri* ,ca?ay4 ,n = food ,or raim5t ask !y4 ,simply gird+ on ,! scanty g>m5t o'er ! we>y limb1 ,!y pass unm>k$ ! l(ty domes ( weal? ,inquir+ = a /rang]4 ,!re he /&s2 ,! m>k ( =eign climes is on 8 br[2 ,he ha? no p[]1 no co/ly gifts to deal ,among ! p1 & 8 lore p]*ance ,! e>?-b[$ worldl+1 ) 8 scales ( gold1 ,acc\nte? folly4 ,yet to him is rais$ ,ea* /ra9+ eyeball1 8,tell u ( ! ,*ri/60 ,& l ! f>-(f murmur ( ! sea ,la%$ by ! tempe/1 swell$ _! bl5d$ tone1 8,sir1 we w\ld he> ( ,*ri/4 ,give u a scroll ,be>+ ,8 "n40 ,,mrs4 ,l4 ,h4 ,,sig\rney4 ,be=e conclud+ ! pleasant task ^u :i* he has be5 engag$ s long1 ! au?or feels t x w be necess>y to meet ! expectation t he %\ld say some?+ ab\t ! "w ( br++ ! _w back to its fir/ wor%ip4 ,at fir/1 we h se51 ! _w wor%ip$ "o ,god2 !n _m gods & idols 7 introduc$4 ,repeat$ ef=ts to re/ore ! pure wor%ip ( primitive times end$ 9 failure4 ,zoroa/] tri$ & fail$2 ,buddha tri$1 & he fail$2 ,mohamm$ tri$1 & he fail$2 ,jesus ! ,*ri/ tri$1 & ,he did n fail4 ,,:y ,,give ,,! ,,gospel ,,to ,,! ,,_w8 ,illu/ration3 ,,two ,,new ,,zeal&]s3 ,,! ,,savage ,,te ,,wet]e ,,& ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,te ,,kote4 ,! gr\nd ( ! success ( ,*ri/ianity lies 9 its sup]ior "*4 ,its revelations are cle>] & full]1 its motives are pur]1 & its hopes are high] ?an ^? ( any hea!n sy/em4 ,"o may glean ! *oice/ say+s ( ! ma/]s ( religi\s tea*+s1 & 9 comp>ison ) ^? ( ,jesus ! ,*ri/1 _! light is z t ( a c&le comp>$ ) ! light ( ! sun4 ,und\bt$ly ?is conviction has =c$ itself ^u ! m9d ( ! read] z he has consid]$ ! v>i\s sy/ems ( religion2 t !re is n "o among !m all t c d = ! _w t :i* ,*ri/ianity c accompli%4 ,comp>e ! f\nd]s ( religions ) ! ,f\nd] ( ,*ri/ianity1 9 _! lives1 *>act]s & tea*+s4 ,comp>e toge!r ! sacr$ books2 ! ,v$as1 ! laws ( ,manu1 ! ,z5d-,ave/a1 ! ,tripitakas & ! ,koran1 ) ! ,bible4 ,comp>e ! effects ( ^! religions ^u ! political1 social1 civil & dome/ic life ( ! p ) ! effects ( ,*ri/ianity2 comp>e ,*ri/ian & hea!n l&s1 ,*ri/ian & hea!n homes1 ,*ri/ian & hea!n gov]nm5ts4 ,comp>e ! be/ p>ts ( ! be/ ( hea!n religions ) any "p ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,"o _c b see ! m>k$ contra/s1 & ! inf9ite sup]iority ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,?is be+ s1 !n does x n foll[ t !y :o are seek+ to give ! ,gospel ( ,jesus ! ,*ri/ to ! _w are r5d]+ a s]vice to ! cause ( humanity8 ,& !y are b obey+ ! comm& ( ,jesus ,*ri/ to 8prea* ! ,gospel to e creature40 ,a "y curate1 :o _h f$ on ,sydney ,smi?'s diet ( s>ca/ic witticisms1 once approa*$ ! ,duke ( ,well+ton ) ! "q1 8,d y n ?9k t ! "w ( conv]t+ ! ,h9dus is all a fanatical f>ce80 8,look to y\r m>*+ ord]s1 sir60 ! /]n old ,iron ,duke repli$4 ,common gratitude moves u to desire t ! _w %all be made to "k ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,:5 we read ( ! wor%ip ( our hea!n ance/ors1 & rememb] t we %\ld h be5 do+ to-day z !y did1 _h x n be5 = ! ,*ri/ian m5 :o took ! ,gospel to ,engl&1 we feel new obligations re/+ ^u u4 ,fur!r1 all ?+s are work+ to ?is end4 ,inv5tions1 explorations1 ! discov]ies ( sci5ce1 progress 9 gov]nm5t1 ev]y?+ waits ^u ?is "w4 ,,! ,,/ory ,,( ,,! ,,"w4 ,x began #a1hej ye>s ago4 ,a ,*ri/ian man nam$ ,paul w5t among ! hea!n ( ,asia ,m9or & ,s\?-ea/]n ,europe--among ! wor%ip]s ( ! gods ( ,greece & ,rome--to tell !m ( ,*ri/4 ,he 0 accompani$ by o!r ,*ri/ians4 ,!y met ) consid]able success1 ?\gh !y 7 made to suff] = x4 ,9 lat] ye>s1 f ,rome1 t _h !n become ! c5tre ( ,*ri/ianity1 o!r ,*ri/ians w5t to ,we/]n ,europe4 ,f ,gre5l&1 ( ! ,arctic ,zone1 to ! ,we/ ,indies1 ( ! ,tropics1 ,*ri/ianity 0 ext5d$4 ,nation aft] nation gave up its idols1 cruel cu/oms 7 aboli%$1 & a pur] life & wor%ip 0 begun4 ,b x 0 left = ! la/ hundr$ ye>s to witness ! developm5t ( ?is "w to its greate/ ext5t4 ,,! ,,pres5t ,,position ,,( ,,! ,,*ri/ian ,,army4 ,! ,*ri/ian camp-fires are light$ & ! t5ts ( ! ,*ri/ian army h be5 erect$ 9 almo/ e l& ( ! globe4 ,! conqu]+ army pursues only peaceful me?ods2 x does n seek to drive b to w92 n to h>m b to help4 ,9 ga9+ its pres5t position _m lives h be5 lo/1 _m sacrifices h be5 made4 ,x has _h to cont5d = ! gr\nd x occupies1 in* by in*2 ! =ces ( idolatry h be5 mu/]$ aga9/ its advance4 ,! giant ,golia?1 ,hea!nism1 has c\nt$ on a spe$y de/ruction ( ! /ripl+ ,david1 ,*ri/ianity4 ,"o c\ntry aft] ano!r has op5$ its doors to ! com+ ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,india1 9 ! ye> #agje1 op5$ h] doors only to close !m aga9 aft] a little2 s9ce #ahcj1 h[ev]1 ! "w has be5 prosecut$ vigor\sly4 ,*9a1 9 #ahjg1 & ,japan1 9 #ahei1 welcom$ ! fir/ ,prote/ant ,*ri/ian mission>ies4 ,?us1 too1 o!r c\ntries ( ,asia1 ,africa & ! ,isl&s ( ! ,pacific h receiv$ ! ,*ri/ian h]alds1 )9 ! la/ hundr$ ye>s4 ,n[ behold !m m>%al$ = ! fight4 ,let u ha/ily glance at ! v>i\s fields 9 succession4 ,a ,,flight ,,ov] ,,! ,,fields4 ,let u rub our ,aladd9's lamps1 & summon ! g5ii to be> u away ov] ! _w4 ,let u on imag9ation's swift w+s fly ov] ! battle-fields4#i ,9 ,japan we see ,buddhism be+ galvaniz$ into a new life = ! mom5t1 & ,%9toism ca/ (f by ! gov]nm5t & 9 great "p by ! p4 ,we see a few new temples be+ erect$1 b _m old ones fall+ into ru9s4 ,we/]n ideas h be5 introduc$1 & we/]n civilization is mak+ rapid progress 9 ?is mo/ ea/]n l&4 ,"o hundr$ & tw5ty-?ree ,*ri/ian mission>ies h won #c1jjj ,japanese to jo9 _! *ur*es4 ,! ,japanese h ! ,new ,te/am5t 9 _! own language4 ,corea has j be5 rea*$ by mission>ies1 & ! ,new ,te/am5t is be+ publi%$ 9 ! ,corean language4 ,old ,*9a is be+ br\ght to ! *ildhood ( conv]sion to ,*ri/2 h] cons]vatism is pass+ away2 h] exclusive policy is be+ yield$ up2 h] hatr$ ( ! =eign]s 7! 8=eign devils0 & 8b>b>ians07 is be+ ov]come & replac$ by respect & 9 "s cases by love4 ,to-day a man behav+ himself prop]ly & n be>+ himself insol5tly1 c travel unmole/$ 9 any "p ( ,*9a1 ev5 :]e =eign]s once 7 murd]$4 ,e "o ( its prov9ces has be5 visit$ by ,*ri/ian mission>ies2 9 almo/ all !y reside4 ,! language 7said to h be5 inv5t$ by ! devil to p]plex mission>ies7 is v ?or\ghly und]/ood & us$4 ,_! false sci5ce & law is be+ replac$ by true in/ruction4 ,*ri/ is tak+ ,confucius's place1 z x is se5 t 8 tea*+ c nev] reg5]ate ,*9a4 ,buddha's dre>y fai? ( annihilation1 & ,lao-tze's sup]/iti\s mat]ialism are be+ sl[ly yield$ up by ! p4 ,! tak+ ( ?is ,gibralt> ( hea!nism is by no means accompli%$2 yet h] walls are be+ scal$1 & a foo?old on _! summit ga9$4 ,!y t h turn$ ! _w upside d[n h gone ?i!r also4 ,by unique & unexpect$ provid5ce1 ,god is aid+ ,8 work]s4 ,! rec5t t]rible fam9e 0 su* a provid5ce4 ,yet :ile ! numb] ( conv]ts is n great1 a v great deal ( unse5 "w has be5 accompli%$4 ,x seems z ?\gh a :ole legion ( devils cat* up ! se$ ( ! ,gospel s[n 9 ,*9a1 almo/ z quickly z x t\*es ! gr\nd2 /ill "s1 & mu*1 br+s =? good fruit4 ,consid]+ ! p[]ful opposition1 ! gigantic ob/acles1 ! almo/ insurm\ntable difficulties1 t !re %\ld be #ai1jjj liv+ ,*9ese ,*ri/ians to-day1 & probably #he1jjj nom9al ,*ri/ians1 is surpris+4 ,to-day #dif mission>ies are at "w 9 ,*9a1 seek+ to conv]t its #djj1jjj1jjj p4 ,moravian mission>ies are prea*+ ! ,gospel ( ,*ri/ on ! bord]s ( ,?ibet1 ! /ronghold ( ,buddhism4 ,x is "h t ! ,buddhi/ ,lama or ,pope resides4 ,9 ,siam great *anges h rec5tly occurr$4 ,! c\ntry is n[ op5 to =eign]s2 a mission>y is 9 *>ge ( ! gov]nm5t s*ool & ?is nation1 l ,japan1 seems to be progress+ t[>d ! light4 ,tw5ty-f\r mission>ies 7"o among ,*9ese coloni/s71 ) #fca conv]ts repres5t ! /r5g? ( ! *ur* !re4 ,9 ,assam 8! light ( a bright] day gilds ! hill-tops & spreads along ! valleys1 rip5+ ! long corn-fields = ! reap]'s sickle40 ,long & pati5t toil has n z yet be5 rew>d$ ) great h>ve/ ga!r+s1 b ! mission>ies look =w>d 9 pati5t wait+ = a bett] day4 ,!re are #ac *ur*es1 ) #a1hjj memb]s2 #bf mission>ies1 & #ge native prea*]s4 ,!re are ,european mission>ies 9 ,borneo1 ,celebes1 & ! ,moluccas2 among ! aborig9es ( ,au/ralia1 & 9 ! ,isl& ( ,mauritius4 ,:at a gr& "w has be5 done 9 ,burmah1 :]e mission>y labor has be5 s emphatically bless$2 among ,burmese1 ,k>5s1 ,%ans & ,kaky5s4 ,! "y mission at ,bhamo is 9 a prec>i\s condition at pres5t1 ow+ to ! relations ( ,k+ ,!e-bau to ,engl&2 yet ! mission>ies !re /& by _! po/s4 ,! ,buddhism ( ,burmah seems z yet b little affect$ by ! pres5ce ( ,*ri/ianity2 ! "w among ! ,k>5s has made m rapid progress ?an among ! ,burmese1 because ( ! prep>ation = ! ,gospel by _! s+ul> traditions & prophecies4 ,!re are #bc1jjj ,*ri/ians1 ! nucleus ( a ,*ri/ian community ( ab\t #ge1jjj4 ,!re are #ajc mission>ies 9 ,burmah4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,,mission>y ,,home ,,9 ,,burmah4 ,india has be5 v ?or\ghly evangeliz$4 ,! opposition ( ! repres5tatives ( s-call$ ,*ri/ian nations1 ! /r5g? ( ca/e1 & ! atta*m5t to ! elaborate sy/em ( ,h9duism 7 ! pr9cipal ob/acles to ! progress ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,five-six?s ( all ! conv]ts are f ! l[] ca/es or ranks ( ! p4 ,by education 9 mission-s*ools1 b ma9ly by direct prea*+1 ab\t #aae1jjj conv]ts h be5 made4 ,!re is a native ,*ri/ian community 7,m4 ,a4 ,%]r+ says7 ( a half a million4 ,six hundr$ & sev5 mission>ies 7 at "w 9 #ahge4 ,"o ( ! mo/ extraord9>y ev5ts ( all mod]n mission>y hi/ory 0 ! sudd5 turn+ ( ! ?\s&s ( ,teloogoos to ,*ri/4 ,! p ( ,india h be5 greatly enlight5$1 ?\ght awak5$1 & a wond]ful trans=mation is occurr+4 ,! sacrifice ( infants1 ! horrible practice ( suttee1 ! ,jugg]naut fe/ivals1 are no m tol]at$4 ,engli% & ,am]ican ladies h ga9$ an entrance into ! z5anas1 & ! wom5 ( ,india are becom+ aw>e ( a new life ( :i* !y nev] dream$4 ,all ov] ,india1 ,*ri/ian villages & *ur*es dot ! l&2 & be=e ano!r g5]ation has pass$ away1 if ! increase %all be proportionate to ! rec5t pa/1 ,india w be a ,*ri/ian c\ntry4 ,! ,brahmo-,somaj1 a sort ( re=m on ,brahm9ism1 has rec5tly drawn v ne> to ,*ri/ianity1 & z illu/rat$ by ,ke%ub ,*und] ,s5's rec5t rem>kable address may soon become a ,*ri/ian body4 ,little has be5 und]tak5 9 ,afghani/an1 ,beloo*i/an or ,arabia1 z yet4 ,!re are #bi mission>ies & #a1cgf conv]ts 9 ,p]sia4 ,! conv]ts are pr9cipally f ! ,ne/orians1 :o h long be5 nom9ally ,*ri/ians4 ,access to ! ,mohamm$ans is becom+ easi]4 ,9 ,turkey1 mom5t\s *anges are occurr+4 ,! despicable1 despotic gov]nm5t is los+ its p[]4 ,"h ! fir/ triumphs ( ! fir/ mission>ies 7 won4 ,! old ,arm5ian race1 ! ,anglo-,saxons ( ! ,ea/1 :o receiv$ ,*ri/ianity 9 ! f\r? c5tury1 h 9 lat] ye>s %[n a rem>kable read9ess to receive ,prote/ant prea*+4 ,! ,mohamm$ans1 "h z else:]e1 are almo/ inaccessible4 ,9 ,con/ant9ople alone1 a city ( ! size ( ,philadelphia1 !y h #cjj mosques4 ,!re are #aeh mission>ies 9 ,turkey1 & #g1bjj conv]ts1 & #ad1jjj *ildr5 9 _! s*ools4 ,9 ,syria !re is a /rong mission>y body4 ,x is difficult to rea* ! ,jews1 ,mussulmans & ,*ri/ians 7,greek & ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*es71 because ( _! exce$+ religiosity4 ,! ,am]ican ,congregationali/s & ,presbyt]ians1 & also ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 h mission>ies "h4 ,!re are #a1cag ,prote/ant ,*ri/ians1 #aaj mission>ies1 & #ab1jeg s*ol>s 9 ,syria4 ,c5tral ,asia is almo/ ! only "p ( ! _w yet clos$ aga9/ ! ,gospel1 ?\gh ev5 "h a little has be5 done by ! brave old ,joseph ,wolff & ,engli% (fic]s4 ,africa1 ! d>k cont95t1 has a population ( ab\t #bjj1jjj1jjj4 ,mohamm$anism has ?or\ghly ov]run ,africa1 especially ! nor!rn portions4 ,feti*ism1 ! l[e/ =m ( idolatry1 holds ! great mass ( ! ,african peoples4 ,!re are two missions 9 ,egypt2 ! ,briti%1 ) "o mission>y & two /ations1 & ! ,am]ican1 ) tw5ty-two mission>ies1 ?irty-f\r /ations & #a1jjj memb]s1 ma9ly f ! ,copts1 an old ,*ri/ian sect4 ,! *ildr5 9 ! mission-s*ools are mo/ly ,mohamm$an4 ,9 ,s\? ,africa twelve or fifte5 societies h n less ?an #dj1jjj conv]ts4 ,! we/]n coa/1 f ,si]ra ,leone to ! ,gulf ( ,gu9ea1 is fr+$ ) ,*ri/ian missions4 ,at ! m\? ( ! ,congo1 on ! we/1 & on ! ,nig] & ,zanzib> coa/1 on ! ea/1 ! missions are fl\ri%+4 ,! greate/ int]e/ atta*es to ! v rec5t occupancy ( ,c5tral ,africa4 ,on ,novemb] #ae?1 #ahgf1 ,/anley's fam\s lett]1 m5tion+ ,k+ ,mtesa's reque/ = ,*ri/ian tea*]s1 0 receiv$4 ,a few days aft]1 #bj1jjj 7 (f]$ to f\nd a mission at ,victoria ,nyanza4 ,)9 sev5 mon?s a pick$ p>ty ( sev5 mission>ies /ood on ! ea/]n %ore ( ,africa4 ,!y h exp]i5c$ great difficulties & met ) slight success4 ,madagasc> may be call$ a ,*ri/ian c\ntry n[1 z may also ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 ! ,briti% ,we/ ,indies1 &1 p]haps1 ! great] "p ( ! isl&s ( ,polynesia4 ,9 ,mexico1 & 9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 z 9 ! ,papal l&s ( ,europe1 ,prote/ant mission>ies are labor+4 8,! field is ! _w20 ! motto is--! _w = ,*ri/ & ,*ri/ = ! _w4 ,! great triumphs ( ! pa/ are be+ eclips$ by ! great] ones ( ! pres5t4 ,! old decrepit & de=m$ sects ( ,*ri/ianity1 long sleep+ if n long dead1 are tak+ on a new life4 ,! ,pagan religions are attempt+ ! impossible task ( prev5t+ ! incom+ ( ,*ri/ianity2 b _! ?raldom is brok51 & ev]y:]e ! dropp+ ( ! brok5 fett]s is he>d4 ,mohamm$anism alone is ga!r+ itself ) vigor to resi/ & repel & ov]come ,*ri/ianity1 b its sword has be5 wre/$ f its grasp4 ,! conque/s ( ,*ri/ianity h n be5 won by might ( sword2 h] victories ov] old fai?s h n be5 ga9$ by worldly wisdom4 ,by love1 by p]suasion1 by pati5t toil & suff]+1 ! self-(f]$ b ,god-call$ mission>ies h done ?is "w4 ,god be prais$ = _! lives1 _! works & _! successes4 ,may ! day soon come :51 8 8,gospel hav+ be5 publi%$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole _w = a te/imony to all ! nations10 ,*ri/1 by ^: comm& !y w5t =?1 %all come & ga!r out ( all nations ,8 own6 ,,index4 ,abhidh>ma1 #ead ,abu ,bekr1 #gbh ,abyss9ia1 #gbd ,ad>1 #acj ,aditi1 #baf ,africa1 #cda ,african ,religion1 #hi1 #cda2 ,missions1 #ggf ,african ,travel]s1 #cda ,agni1 #baf ,agra1 #gfj ,agricola1 #aie ,agriculture1 ,temple (1 at ,pek+1 #dfg ,ahriman1 #daj ,a9os1 #gaf ,akamatz1 #ffi1 #fgc ,alaskans1 #cfb1 #cga ,alex&]1 #dab ,alg]1 ,w4 ,r41 #gda ,allegory ( ,w9t] & ,spr+1 #cfi ,alt>s1 #fj ,amat]asu1 #caa ,amazon sun-wor%ip1 #cgg ,am]ican ,indians1 #cfa2 ,traditions ( ,deluge1 #gb ,amon1 #ajd ,ance/ors1 ,wor%ip (1 #cfd1 #dha1 #dhf ,angkor1 #eib ,anubis1 #ajd ,apis1 #ajf ,apollo & ,h]mes1 #aei ,arabian ,night's ,ent]ta9m5t1 #efg ,arab slave-deal]s1 #cda ,araucanians1 #cgh ,arhans1 #fbf1 #fhg ,arnold1 ,edw91 #ejj1 #ejg1 #ebb1 #eih ,arnold1 ,mat!w1 #ahd ,asakusa1 #fgc ,a%tore?1 #ada ,asoka1 #eac1 #ebg1 #ecb1 #edj ,assamese ,missions1 #ggc ,as%ur1 #abg ,assyrian ,triad1 #abh2 ,bull1 #ace ,atagosa-,yama1 #fhf ,a!ns1 #afg ,augu/9e1 #bji ,ave/a1 #daa ,aztecs1 #ec1 #cgi ,baal1 #adb1 #aid ,baalbec1 ,temple ( ,sun at1 #ehc ,baal-,peor1 #ada ,babel1 ,*aldean /ory (1 #gd ,babylon1 #ace ,bangkok1 ,pagoda (1 #egf ,b>u*1 #ach ,basutos1 #cdg ,be> ,wor%ip1 #gag ,beatitudes ( ,buddha1 #ebj ,begg>s1 ,buddhi/1 #ebc ,begg+-b[l1 #ebe ,bel1 #abh ,bell ( ,osaka1 #fia ,bells1 ,!1 #egh ,b5>es1 #bee1 #ejb1 #ejh ,b5t51 #cbh1 #fgh ,b5zura1 #fhj ,b]osus1 #fc1 #gd1 #aba1 #abh ,bible & ,idolatry1 #gd ,bible ( ,?ibet1 #fji ,bible te/imony to fir/ wor%ip1 #cd ,bidasu1 #feg ,b9zurn1 #fhj ,bi%amon1 #cbh ,black ,/one1 #gba ,bodhidh>ma1 #fae1 #feg ,bombay1 #eah ,bonny1 #cee ,bon ,religion1 #eih ,bonzes1 ,*9ese1 #fea ,book ( ! ,dead1 ,egyptian1 #ajh ,books ( ,brick1 #abc ,booldo1 #fed ,borsippa1 #acf ,bo-tree1 #ejg1 #eci1 #eej2 ( ,ceylon1 #edf ,b[r+1 ,sir ,john1 #ehh ,boyes51 #bjj ,boy1 ,moslem1 #geb ,boy1 ,! ,old1 #dbd ,brahma1 #baf ,brahmanas1 #bag ,brahm9ism1 #ib1 #ejb ,brahm9s & ,gautama1 #ejg ,brick ,books1 #abc ,bricks ( ,*aldea1 #abb ,bridge-ladd]1 ,turn+ !1 #dhc ,brita9 9 anci5t times1 #ahf ,brittan1 ,miss ,h4 ,g41 #bie ,br[n+1 ,mrs4 ,e41 #hd ,buddha1 #ejj2 ,gautama becomes1 #ejh2 & ,*ri/1 #eji-eab ,buddhagho%a1 #ead1 #ebh1 #eej2 ,p>ables (1 #ebh ,buddhas1 ,! ,?ree ,preci\s1 #fbe ,buddha's ,too?1 ,wor%ip (1 #eec ,buddhism1 #hg1 #ic1 #ejj2 9 ,*9a1 #dbj1 #faa2 9 ,india & ,ceylon1 #ecb2 9 ,burmah1 #eee2 9 ,siam1 #ege2 9 ,?ibet1 #eih2 9 ,corea1 #fed2 9 ,japan1 #fef ,buddhi/ ,c\ncils1 #ebg ,buddhi/ ,sa9t's ,tomb1 #eij ,bull1 ,assyrian1 #ace ,burmese ,buddhism1 #eee2 ,missions1 #ggc ,burmese ,sup]/itions1 #egj ,bu%m51 #cdf ,byron1 #ecf ,cs>1 #aib1 #ebg ,cairo ,univ]sity1 #gbj ,calf1 ,gold51 #adj ,caliphs1 #gbh ,cambyses1 #ajf ,camel ,driv]1 #gba ,canton1 #fae1 #fbf1 #fcg ,canton1 ,exam9ation ,hall 91 #dgc ,ca/e1 #bbb ,ca?ay1 #fii ,causes ( decay 9 religion1 #hd ,cave ( ,idols1 #eif ,cazembe ,feti*-man1 #cea ,cemet]y at ,mecca1 #gbg ,c5taurs1 #afc ,c]emony ( ,wat]-lamps1 #fec ,c]es & ,lib]1 #agi ,ceylonese ,buddhism1 #edj2 ,bible1 #eed ,*air ( ,nails1 #feb ,*aldean /ory ( ,deluge1 #fd2 ( ,babel1 #gd2 ,tablets1 #aai ,*ampollion1 #ajj ,*anna1 #ejg ,*aos1 #aed ,*>lemagne1 #ebg ,*>ms1 ,*9ese1 #dci ,*ilde ,h>old1 #ecf ,*ildr5 taught to wor%ip idols1 #bcj1 #dij ,*9a1 #daf2 religions (1 #id1 #daf1 #dai2 ,missions 91 #gga ,*9ese ,deities1 #ef2 ,languages1 #dah2 ,home ,life1 #dgh2 ,buddhism1 #faa2 ,idols1 #fda2 ,devotees1 #feb ,*9ese 9 ,siam1 #eif ,*9ese tradition ( e>ly ages1 #dd2 ( ,deluge1 #fi ,*ri/ & ,buddha1 #eji-eab2 & o!r ,ma/]s1 #gfg ,*ri/ian & ,buddhi/ ideas1 #eae ,*ri/ianity's ,conque/1 #ie1 #gfg2 9 ,great ,brita91 #aie ,clem5t ( ,alex&ria1 #ajd ,c(fee1 ,k+1 #cdf ,col]idge1 ,s4 ,t41 #dg ,colossal ,buddha1 #fcb1 #fic ,comp>ative religion1 #ce ,confucianism1 #id1 #dai ,confucian ,temples1 #dfa1 #dga ,confucius1 #dde1 #gaj2 & ,lao-,tsze1 #dbe ,con/ant9e ! ,great1 #eac1 #ebg1 #ged ,corea1 #fed1 #fii ,corean ,prie/1 #feg2 ,buddhism1 #fhg ,cor9?1 #afh ,co/umes ( ,*aldea1 #abe ,c\ncils ( ! ,buddhi/s1 #ebg ,creation1 ,traditions (1 #fb1 #cjg ,cross & ,cresc5t1 #gff ,crusades1 #gcc ,cunei=m ,lett]s1 #abd ,cunn+ham1 ,a41 #edj ,cyclops1 #aed ,cypress-tree ( ,ceylon1 #ecb1 #edf ,dagabas1 #edh1 #fbj ,dagon1 #eh ,dai ,butsu ( ,kamakura1 #fic2 ( ,n>a1 #fii ,daikoku1 #cbc1 #fgh ,dalai ,lama1 #fjj ,dante1 #ebg ,dead & liv+ ,religions1 #hb ,dead1 ,egyptian ,book ( !1 #ajh ,dead ,pan1 #he ,dead ,religions1 #hd ,delhi1 #ged ,deluge1 ,traditions (1 #ff ,d]vi%es1 #gdh ,devil ,mask1 #edi ,devils1 ,driv+ out1 #gje ,devotees1 #bha2 ( ,*9a1 #feb ,dh>ma1 #ead ,diana ( ,ephesus1 #aga1 #ehc ,d9+-room ( a ,buddhi/ ,temple1 #fgj ,disp]sion ( ! ,nations1 #de ,d-no?+ ,sect1 #fed ,doolittle1 ,j41 #fec ,d\glass1 ,r4 ,k41 #ddf ,dragon ,boat-race1 #dcf ,druids1 #ahh ,du ,*aillu1 ,p41 #ceh ,dyaus1 #bad ,ebisu1 #cbf ,ebn-el ,f>id1 #gg ,edda1 #aii ,edk9s1 ,j41 #dai ,egyptian ,ar*itect1 #ch ,egyptian ,book ( ! ,dead1 #ajh ,elephanta1 ,cave (1 #bef ,elephant1 ,palace (1 #egi ,elephant1 ,:ite1 #ehh ,elf9 /ory1 #bje ,elijah1 #add1 #fba ,elysian ,fields1 #eah ,em]ald ,idol1 #egi ,engli% ,hea!nism1 #ahe ,ephesian ,diana1 #aga ,erebus1 #aed ,etruscan ,religion1 #agd ,europe1 #ib ,exam9ations 9 ,*9a1 #dgc ,exodus ( ,nations1 #de ,fa ,hian1 #eii1 #fab ,fakirs1 #bgi ,f>r>1 ,f4 ,w41 #bij ,feti*1 #cej ,field1 ,h4 ,m41 #ig1 #dgc1 #geh ,fielde1 ,a4 ,m41 #dih ,fijian ,temple1 #cia ,fiji ,isl&]s' ,tradition ( ! ,deluge1 #ga ,fire ,crack]s1 #dii ,fire-god's ,secret1 #cic ,fire-wor%ip]s1 #djg ,fir/ ,hymns1 #ec ,fir/ ,wor%ip1 #cc ,five ,hundr$ ,gods ,temple1 9 ,*9a1 #fbf2 9 ,japan1 #fhg ,flight ( ,mohamm$1 #gai1 #gbe ,fl[+ ,invocation1 #gae ,foism1 #faa 8,foot/eps ( ! ,law01 #eah ,fox-wor%ip1 #gjc ,freiligra?1 ,f41 #da ,fuji-yama1 #cbi1 #gjh ,fukuroku ,j91 #cbb ,fun]al 9 ,japan1 #gaa ,fun]al ( ,burmese ,monk1 #ega ,fun]al ( ,siamese ,k+1 #eif ,fun]al ,ritual ( ,egypt1 #ajd ,fun]al ,temple ( ,siam1 #egh ,gabriel's ,message1 #gbd ,gambl]'s ,god1 #dih ,gane%a1 #bfe ,ganges1 #bee1 #bgb ,g>d51 ,buddhi/1 #efb ,gata & ,k>p>a1 #dj ,gate-ways ( ,%9to ,temples1 #ccb ,ga?as1 #dji ,gautama1 #ejb ,g$e5-tubpa1 #fjj ,g5ii ( ,assyria1 #acb ,goddess ( ,m]cy1 #fcb2 ( wom51 #fcg ,god ( ,lett]s1 #dch2 ( ,w>1 #dci2 ( ,ri*es1 #ddj2 ( ,kit*51 #dic ,gods1 ,african1 #cdc2 ,japanese1 #gjc ,gods ( ,taoism1 #dcd ,g\nja-,g\nja1 #cde ,gr& ,lama1 #fjg ,graves1 ,wor%ip at1 #fca ,gray1 ,j4 ,h41 #ddc ,great ,_s1 #cfd ,greek ,tradition ( ,deluge1 #gb ,greek ,tradition ( ,e>ly ,ages1 #dd ,gregory ! ,great1 #bjh ,griffis1 ,w4 ,e41 #feh1 #ffg ,gr\p+ ,religions1 #gg ,gu>ds ( ,temple1 #fgg ,gutzlaff1 ,c41 #fi ,gwalior1 ,cave (1 #beg ,ha*iman1 #fgh ,hairs ( ,:ite ,elephant1 #ehg ,hamonim1 #fed ,h>dwick1 ,c41 #fa1 #dbh ,h>dy1 ,sp5ce1 #ejb1 #ead ,h>\n-al-,ras*id1 #gcb ,he9e1 ,h41 #ege ,hejira1 #gbe ,hell1 ,*9ese idea (1 #fdb2 ,japanese idea (1 #fhh1 #gjj ,hemis1 ,mona/]y (1 #fjj ,h]culaneum1 #ahc ,h]cules1 #afc ,h]mes & ,apollo1 #aei ,h]odotus1 #ig ,hesiod1 #aea ,hiawa?a1 #cfh ,hi]oglyphics1 #ej1 #ajj ,hilaire1 ,b4 ,/41 #ejj1 #eaj ,h9du ,tradition ( ,e>ly ,ages1 #dd ,h9du ,tradition ( ,deluge1 #fh ,hiogo ,buddha1 #fff ,h'lassa1 #eii2 ,ca!dral1 #fjc ,holy m5 ( ,h9dus1 #bgi ,holy ,scriptures1 #eah ,hom]1 #aea ,homes1 ,*9ese1 #dgh ,hooghly ,riv] ,mosque1 #gdb ,horrors1 ,temple (1 #fdb ,hotei1 #cbg1 #gjc ,hott5tots1 #cde1 #cdi ,h\sehold gods ( ,japan1 #cba ,h[qua1 #dgh ,human ,sacrifices 9 ,brita91 #aib2 among ,h9dus1 #bbe ,humb]t1 ,aime1 #fef ,humboldt1 #chg ,ibsambul1 #ii ,idolatry & ! ,bible1 #gd ,idol1 ,em]ald1 #egi2 ,sleep+1 #egi ,idol ( ,buddha1 #eji ,idols & ,koran1 #gch ,ilu1 #abg ,imm1 #gdb ,in>i1 #gjc ,inc>nations ( ,vi%nu1 #bii ,incas1 #chc ,india1 #ib1 #ecb2 ,missions 91 #ggc ,indian ,tradition ( ,deluge1 #gb ,indians ( ,am]ica1 #cfc2 ,leg5ds1 #cfg ,initiation ,c]emony1 #ebc ,insect-god1 #cdi ,ise1 #ccb ,i%t>1 #acj ,izanagi & ,izanami1 #cjh ,jacob1 #ach ,jagan-na?1 #bcc ,ja9s1 #eah1 #ecb ,janus1 #ahj ,japanese ,cu/oms1 #gji ,japanese ,gods1 #gjc ,japanese ,pilgrims1 #ffi1 #gji ,japanese ,poem1 #gji ,japanese ,%9toism1 #id2 ,buddhism1 #fef ,japanese /ory ( ,creation1 #cjg ,japanese ,sup]/itions1 #gab ,japan1 ,mission 91 #gga ,jesuit ,mission>ies1 #fff ,jesus & ,buddha1 #eji-eab2 & ,koran1 #gcg ,jimmu ,t5no1 #cac1 #cai ,j+u ,kogo1 #fhg ,jogees1 #ecb ,jonas1 #ece ,joong1 #fed ,jo%ua1 #ach ,joss-/ick1 #dfa1 #fbj ,jove1 #agf ,judge ( ,hell1 #gjj ,judgm5t1 #gci ,judson1 ,a41 #gfg ,judson1 ,emily ,c41 #djb1 #eee ,jugg]naut1 #bcc ,jummah ,musjid1 #ged ,juno1 #agh ,jupit]1 #afd1 #agg ,kaaba1 #gba ,kaang1 #cdf ,kaffirs1 #cea ,kakavanna1 ,k+1 #ebi ,kali1 #bdj ,kamakura1 #ffa1 #fic ,k&y1 #eec ,k>5s1 #djb1 #eee ,k>nak1 #aac ,ke%ub ,*und] ,s51 #bab ,khadija1 #gbc ,k9-mu1 #fed ,kit*51 ,god (1 #dic ,kitsune1 #gjc ,kobe1 #ffh1 #fhg ,kobo ,dai%i1 #feg1 #ffe ,koran1 #gcd1 #gcg ,k\tub1 #geg ,kri%na1 #bcc ,kronos1 #aed ,kum-,fa1 #fcg ,ku%an ,mona/]y1 #fbb ,kwanon1 #ffa2 ,temple (1 #fgc2 ,picture (1 #fhj ,kwan-te1 ,god ( ,w>1 #dci ,kwan-,y91 #fca1 #fde ,laban1 #ach ,lama1 #fjj2 ,gr&1 #fjg ,lamaism1 #eih ,lamai/ ,bible1 #fji ,lao-,tsze1 #daf ,l5ormant1 #aai ,leon[5s1 ,mrs4 ,a41 #ehc ,lep] ,k+1 #eie ,lett]s1 ,god (1 #dch ,leyd51 #bcj ,liv+ ,wor%ips1 #hf ,longfell[1 ,h4 ,w41 #cfg1 #faa ,lotus ,eat]s1 #afa ,lu!r1 ,r4 ,m41 #djb ,luxor1 #aad ,ma-*u1 #did1 #dih1 #fch ,macle>1 ,g4 ,f41 #ahe ,magi1 #daj ,mahawanso1 #eed ,mah9da1 #edj1 #edi ,malayo-,polynesians1 #chg ,m&>9 ( ,*9a1 #fae ,mani ,padee1 #fjh ,manu's ,laws1 #bic ,m>a1 #ejh1 #eai ,m>riage 9 ,japan1 #gaj ,mason1 ,francis1 #eee ,ma/] ,?ief1 ,/ories (1 #cg ,matsuri1 #gjd ,maulma9 ,pagoda1 #efe ,mecca1 #gba1 #gbg1 #geb1 #gfc ,m$ic9e ,m51 #cfd ,m$9a1 #gbe ,memnon1 #aad ,m5cius1 #dge ,m5des1 #ajd ,m5dicants1 ,buddhi/1 #ebc ,m]cy1 ,goddess (1 #fcb1 #ffa1 #fgc1 #fhj ,m]oda*1 #acj ,meteor-gods1 #eh ,mexican ,tradition ( ,e>ly ,ages1 #dc2 ( ,deluge1 #gj ,mi*ell1 ,n41 #baj ,mikado ( ,japan1 #feg ,mikado's ,cre/1 #cag ,milton1 ,j41 #ach ,m9]va1 #agi ,m+-ti1 #faa ,mission>y & non-mission>y ,religions1 #hb ,mission>y "w1 ,*ri/ian1 #gfg2 9 ,japan & ,*9a1 #gga2 9 ,?ibet1 #ggb2 9 ,siam1 ,burmah1 ,assam & ,india1 #ggc2 9 ,turkey1 #gge2 9 ,africa1 #ggf ,mnevis1 #ajd ,mohamm$1 ,mohamm$anism1 #hg1 #ie1 #ebb ,mohamm$ans1 #baj ,mohurrim1 #gfd ,molo*1 #adc ,mona/]ies ( ,*9a1 #fdf ,monks1 ,buddhi/1 #ebe2 ,burmese1 #ega2 ( ,?ibet1 #fjj ,monk's ,monum5t1 #fej ,monto ,prie/s1 #ffh2 ,cre$ (1 #fgc ,monum5ts1 ,anci5t1 #ej ,moon-god1 ,moses1 ,moslem ,boy1 #geb ,moslems1 #gai ,mosque ( ,om>1 #gcj ,mosques1 #gda2 ,wor%ip 91 #gdg ,"m's ,memorial1 #gae ,"m1 ,! ,goddess1 #dij ,m\hot1 ,h41 #eib ,m\nta91 ,sacr$ ,japanese1 #cbi1 #gjh ,mpomo1 #ceh ,muir1 ,sir ,w41 #gce ,mll]1 ,f4 ,max1 #cdj1 #djg1 #eac1 #eag1 #ffh ,mll]1 ,j4 ,g41 #cfb ,mummies1 #ajd ,music lesson ( ,confucius1 #dej ,my/ic s5t5ce ( ,?ibet1 #fjf ,my?s ( ,greece1 #aei ,nagkon ,wat1 #eib ,nank+1 #faa1 #fba ,naoroji1 #dad ,n>a1 #fii ,nats1 #ecj1 #eff ,nature-wor%ip1 ,beg9n+ (1 #ea ,nd5gei1 #chi ,nebo1 #acj ,nebu*adnezz>1 #aba ,n]gal1 #acj ,new ,te/am5t1 #ead ,new ,ye>'s ,day 9 ,japan1 #gjd ,niam-,niams1 #cdg ,ni*ir51 #feh ,nick1 ,old1 #aih ,nigban1 #eag ,nio1 #fgg ,nirvana1 #eag ,nitsukis1 #gjc ,nixes1 #bjf ,nobunaga1 #ffe ,numa1 #agg ,oannes1 #abh ,oceanica1 #chg ,odyssey1 #aee1 #afb ,old ,boy1 #dbd ,olympus1 #aec ,om>1 #gbi ,om5s1 #gab ,om ,mani ,padmi ,hum1 #fjf ,ongole1 #bgb ,orig9al & ,re=m$ ,religions1 #hb ,ormazd1 #dji1 #daj ,osaka1 #gjd ,osiris1 #ajb ,o?man1 #gcb ,oudh1 ,k+ (1 #eid ,pagoda1 ,%way-da-,gong ( ,rangoon1 #eeg2 ( ,maulma91 #efe2 ( ,wat ,*ang1 ,siam1 #egf ,pagodas1 #abb2 ( ,india1 #bfi2 ( ,burmah1 #efj2 ! ,sev51 #efe2 ( ,*9a1 #fbj ,pan is dead1 #he ,papuans1 #chg ,p>adise ( ,buddha1 #eag2 ( ,mohamm$1 #eah1 #gch ,p>seeism1 #hh1 #djg ,p>sees1 #djg ,p>see ,wor%ip1 #dad ,patagonians1 #cfe1 #cgh ,patna1 ,c\ncil (1 #ebg ,paul1 ,/41 #afd1 #ggj ,pe>ly ,emp]or1 #dce ,pe*aburi1 #eif ,pek+1 #dfa1 #fbf1 #feb ,p]sia1 #djh ,p]u1 #cgb1 #chc ,p]uvian ,tradition ( ,e>ly ,ages1 #dc ,pet]1 ,/41 ,/atue (1 9 ,siam1 #ehd ,petsi1 ,k+1 #feg ,phidian ,jupit]1 #afd ,pilgrimage to ,mecca1 #gfc ,pilgrim1 ,japanese1 #ffi1 #fgc ,plagues ( ,egypt1 #aci ,pl9y1 #ahi ,poe1 ,edg>1 #egh ,poison-god1 #cid ,polyphemus1 #afb ,pombi1 #cdd ,pompeii1 #ahc ,pondi*]ry1 #bgj ,pongyee1 ,burmese ,monks1 #ega ,poor ,mason1 #ci ,pope1 #dig ,porcela9 ,t[]1 #faa1 #fba ,pray]s1 ,sale (1 #faf ,pray+ = ra91 #cdd ,pray+-:eels 9 ,?ibet1 #fje2 9 ,*9a1 #fdi ,prie/1 #fea ,prie/'s lam5t1 #fef ,prie/'s trick1 #cej ,propos$ treatm5t1 #hg ,prov]bs & ,precepts1 ,*9ese1 #dca ,pyramids1 #aag ,que5 ( ,heav51 #dig ,ra1 #ajb ,rah&a1 #ebi ,raid51 #cah1 #cai ,railroad 9 ,japan1 #ffb ,ra91 ,pray+ =1 #cdd ,raj>atnac>i1 #eed ,ramayana1 #eid ,rammohun ,roy1 #bab1 #bba ,rangoon1 #eeg ,re$1 ,sir ,edw41 #cje ,refuges1 ,! ,?ree1 #ebd ,relics ( ,buddhi/s1 #edj ,religions1 mission>y & non-mission>y2 dead & liv+2 orig9al & liv+1 #ch ,religions ( ! ,_w1 #ejj ,r5unciation1 ,! ,grea1 #ejf ,rew>ds & ,puni%m5ts1 ,book (1 #dcj ,rhamps9itos1 #ch ,rhys-,david1 #ead1 #ebd1 #ecg1 #fjc ,ri*es1 ,god (1 #ddj ,rog]s1 ,capta91 #ebi ,romans1 ,paul's lett] to1 #ahb ,ru9s ( ,egypt1 #ih ,sabellian ,religion1 #age ,sab9es1 #age ,sacr$ animals ( ,egypt1 #ajf ,sacr$ books ( ,japan1 #cjf ,sacr$ ,bo-tree1 #ejg1 #eci2 ( ,ceylon1 #edf ,sacrifices1 ,human1 #aib1 #bbe ,sage1 ,! ,little1 #dge ,sakya ,muni1 #ejb ,sailors' ,goddess1 #did ,sa9t ,hilaire1 ,b41 #ejj1 #eaj ,sale ( ,pray]s1 #faf ,samoy$es1 #ef ,san*i ,tope1 #ecf ,sangha1 #ebc ,sanno1 #fgh ,sanskrit /ories1 #cja ,s>gon1 ,palace (1 #acb ,satan1 #gcg ,saxon ,paganism1 #aig ,say+s ( ,confucius1 #def ,s*aff1 ,p41 #gdh ,s*ill]1 ,f4 ,von1 #aej ,s*legel1 ,f4 ,von1 #cc ,s*ool-boy ( ,*9a1 #dfj ,s*oolcraft1 ,h41 #cfh ,scotti% /ory ( ! ,%ifty ,lad1 #dj ,sea-,god1 #gjg ,sebek1 #ajd ,secret ,bless+s1 ,book (1 #dcc ,sects ( ,h9dus1 #bah2 ,buddhi/s 9 ,japan1 #ffg ,s]p5t ,idol1 #ei ,set1 #ajc ,sev5 ,pagodas1 #efe ,%akespe>e1 #bjc ,%amanism1 #cga1 #eee ,%anghai1 #dba ,%ang-te1 #dfc1 #fed ,%ans1 #eee ,%a/]s1 #bih ,%iba1 ,temple (1 #fhb ,%9ran1 #ffb ,%9-,%9 ,sect1 #feg1 #ffh ,%9to ,symbols1 #fha ,%9toism1 #id1 #fef ,%oes1 ,putt+ (f1 #ehg ,%r9es ( ,ise1 #ccb ,%way-da-,gong ,pagoda1 #eeg ,siamese ,buddhism1 #ege2 ,missions1 #ggc ,siamese ,:ite ,elephant1 #ehh ,sig\rney1 ,mrs4 ,l4 ,h41 #gfg ,sikhs1 #bef ,si\x1 #cfe ,siva1 #baf ,sleep+ ,idol1 #egi ,smi?1 ,sidney1 #gfi ,song ( ! ,?re%]s1 #aja ,so!by1 #agc ,s\l1 ,br++ home !1 #dhc ,s\!rn migration1 #ib ,s\!y1 #bcb ,spani% /ory ( ! ,poor ,mason1 #ci ,sph9x1 #ig1 #aab ,spires1 #abb ,_s1 ,great1 #cfd ,_s-h\se1 #cij ,/anley1 ,h4 ,m41 #cef ,/odd>d1 ,r4 ,h41 #dej1 #dfj ,/oneh5ge1 #ahh ,/ories f ! ,sanskrit1 #cja ,/ories ( ! ,ma/] ,?ief1 #cg ,/4 ,paul1 #afd ,/4 ,sophia1 #gdh1 #gec ,/ud5t1 ,! ,tir$1 #dge ,suddhodana1 #ejb ,sun-*ild1 #feh ,sun-goddess ( ,japan1 #cac ,sun1 ,temple (1 9 ,pek+1 #dfg ,sun-wor%ip ( ,indians1 #cgb ,sup]/itions1 ,japanese1 #gab ,suttee1 #bca1 #bif ,tae-,p+ ,rebellion1 #fba ,taj ,mahal1 #geh ,talisman ( ,long ,life1 #dbd ,taoism1 #daf ,taoi/ ,books1 #dbh ,tao-te-k+1 #dbh ,t>t> ,woman1 #fja ,t>t>us1 #aec ,taylor1 ,b41 #gci1 #gda ,tek?a1 #efg ,temple ( ,horrors1 #fdb ,t5g\1 #gjg ,t5n5t1 ,sir ,e41 #edf1 #edh ,t5nyson1 ,alfr$1 #gg ,t]aphim1 #eg1 #ach ,te%u ,lumbo ,mona/]y1 #fjb ,te/am5t1 ,new1 #ead ,?ibet1 #eih2 ,mission 91 #ggb ,?or1 #bjj ,?o?1 #ajd ,?\s& ,lamas' ,temple1 #fbf ,?ree ,baskets1 #eac ,?ree ,preci\s ,buddhas1 #fbe ,?ree ,pure ,ones1 #dcd ,?re%]s1 ,song (1 #aja ,?und]1 ,japanese ,god (1 #cah1 #cai ,ti5-*i1 #ef ,ti5t-s91 #feb ,t9nevelly1 #bac ,tir$ ,/ud5t1 #dge ,tissa1 #edj ,titans1 #aec ,tokio1 #fgc1 #fhb ,too?1 ,buddha's1 #eec ,topes1 ,buddhi/1 #ejh1 #ece ,torii1 #ccb ,tortures ( ,holy ,m51 #bhc ,t[]s1 #abb ,traditions ( man 9 e>ly ages1 #dc2 ( creation1 #fb1 #cje2 ( deluge1 #ff ,trees1 ,sacr$1 #gab ,triad1 ,assyrian1 #abh ,trick ( ,prie/s1 #cdh ,tripitaka1 #eac1 #ede1 #edh ,tsong-khapa1 #eii ,tung-*o1 #fbj ,turki% ,mission1 #gge ,tussaud1 ,madame1 #fha ,umkululu1 #cdg ,umritsur1 #bef ,univ]se1 ,greek conception (1 #aea2 ,h9du1 #bdf ,univ]sity at ,cairo1 #gbj ,v>una1 #baf ,v$as1 #di1 #ed1 #ib1 #bhf1 #edh ,ve/a1 #agi ,v9aya1 #ead ,v9dya ,m\nta9s1 #ejg ,v9ton1 ,mrs41 #djf ,virgil1 #agc ,vi%nu1 #baf2 inc>nations (1 #bii ,visions ( ,gautama1 #ejd ,visp>ad1 #dad ,walhalla1 #aii ,w>1 ,god (1 #dci ,wat ,*ang ,pagoda1 #egf ,wat]-lamps1 #fec ,wat ,p'hra ,keau1 #egi ,wax-works1 #fha ,well+ton1 ,duke (1 #gfi ,:ite ,elephant ( ,siam1 #egi1 #ehh ,:itti]1 ,j4 ,g41 #ec1 #ecb ,wilk9son1 #aja ,williams1 ,m41 #ed ,williams1 ,s4 ,w41 #daf1 #dhb ,wod51 #aii ,woman1 accord+ to ,h9duism1 #bbg1 #bie2 & ,mohamm$anism1 #gdh ,wu-,wei-,kiau1 #fed ,xavi]1 #fff ,xisu?rus1 #ff ,yasnas1 #dac ,yasodh>a1 #ejh ,yebisu1 #fhg ,yema1 ,god ( ,hell1 #fhh ,yezzo1 #gaf ,yuah1 #djc ,z5anas1 #bbh1 #bie ,z5d ,ave/a1 #dc1 #di1 #daa ,zoroa/]1 #dji ,zulus1 #cde1 #cdg ,,! ,,end4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,9 lat] ages ! scribes ( ,babylonia wrote important matt]s on bo? burnt & unburnt bricks4 ,"o w\ld be left unh>m$ by wat]1 :ile ! o!r 0 made p]man5t by fire4 #b ,l5ormant1 ! em95t ,fr5* s*ol> ( ,assyrian antiquities1 is our au?ority = ! ma9 "p ( ?is *apt]1 & we h quot$ lib]ally f 8 writ+s4 #c ,k+ ( ,congo4 #d ,contribut$ by ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,m4 ,lu!r1 ( ,burmah4 #e ,a crore is #aj1jjj1jjj2 a ?\s& ?\s& crores w\ld be #aj million millions4 #f ,monk4 #g ,abbot4 #h ,bay>d ,taylor writes ?us3 8,till ! sun gr[s cold ,& ! />s are old ,& ! leaves ( ! ,judgm5t ,book unfold40 #i ,! facts & figures t foll[ are ga!r$ f ! late/ reports ( ov] sev5ty mission>y societies ( ,g]many1 ,france1 ,great ,brita9 & ,am]ica4 ,^! are 9 ! writ]'s possession1 & f !m he pres5ts ! late/ asc]ta9able returns to ,m>* #bj?1 #ahha4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 #a4 ,obvi\s pr9t]s'1 punctuation & spell+ errors h be5 correct$ sil5tly4 #b4 ,:]e hyph5ation is 9 d\bt1 x has be5 reta9$ z 9 ! orig9al4 #c4 ,"s hyph5at$ & non-hyph5at$ v]sions ( ! same words h be5 reta9$ z 9 ! orig9al4 #d4 ,italics are %[n z xxx4