,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,9 ! orig9al1 ,hung>ian words 7 pr9t$ 9 bold typeface4 ,?is has be5 remov$ to avoid visual di/raction = ! read] 7b pres]v$ 9 ! ,,html v]sion74 ,"s words & p>ts ( words are m>k$ ?us :]e ! au?ors int5d$ special emphasis4 ,! read] %\ld ex]cise caution if remov+ ! equals signs = readability1 z !re are "s g5u9e equals signs 9 ! text z well4 ,italics are indicat$ by und]scores4 ,,hung>ian ,,gramm> ,,tr,,bn]',s ,,simplifi$ ,,gramm>s ,,( ,,! ,,pr9cipal ,,asiatic ,,& ,,european ,,languages ,,h9du/ani1 ,,p]sian1 ,,& ,,arabic4 ,by ! late ,e4 ,h4 ,,palm]1 ,m4,a4 ,second ,edition4 #es4 ,,basque4 ,by ,w4 ,,van ,,eys4 #cs4 #f;d4 ,,malagasy4 ,by ,g4 ,w4 ,,p>k]4 #es4 ,,mod]n ,,greek4 ,by ,e4 ,m4 ,,geld>t1 ,m4,a4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,r\manian4 ,by ,r4 ,,torceanu4 #es4 ,,tibetan4 ,by ,h4 ,a4 ,,jas*ke4 #es4 ,,ottoman ,,turki%4 ,by ,j4 ,w4 ,,r$h\se4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,sw$i%4 ,by ,e4 ,c4 ,,otte4 #bs4 #f;d4 ,,pali4 ,by ,,edw>d ,,mull]1 ,,ll4,d4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,sanskrit4 ,by ,,hjalm> ,,edgr51 ,ph4,d4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,albanian4 ,by ,p4 ,w4 #gs4 #f;d4 ,,s]bian4 ,by ,w4 ,r4 ,,morfill1 ,m4,a4 #ds4 #f;d4 ,,languages ,,( ,,! ,,cunei=m ,,inscriptions4 ,by ,,george ,,b]t91 ,m4,r4,a4,s4 #es4 ,,panjabi4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,,wm4 ,,/4 ,,clair ,,tisdall1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,telugu4 ,by ,,h5ry ,,morris1 ,f4,r4,g4,s4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,khassi4 ,by ,h4 ,,rob]ts4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,guj>ati4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,,wm4 ,,/4 ,,clair ,,tisdall1 ,m4,a4 #ajs4 #f;d4 ,,bulg>ian4 ,by ,w4 ,r4 ,,morfill1 ,m4,a4 #es4 ,,hausa4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,c4 ,h4 ,,rob9son & ,major ,j4 ,a4 ,,burdon4 #es4 net4 ,,h9di4 ,by ,canon ,f4 ,p4 ,l4 ,,josa4 #ds4 net4 ,,hung>ian ,,gramm> ,,by ,c4 ,,ar?ur ,,& ,,ilona ,,g9ev] ,,london ,,kegan ,,paul1 ,,tr5*1 ,,tr,,bn] ,,co4 ,,ltd ,,dryd5 ,,h\se1 ,,g]r>d ,,/reet1 ,w4 #aiji ,! rights ( translation & ( reproduction are res]v$ ,pr9t$ by ,,ballantyne1 ,,hanson ,,co4 ,at ! ,ballantyne ,press1 ,ed9burgh ,,preface ,_m p are "u ! wrong impression t ,hung>ian is a difficult language to le>n4 ,x is true t x is q unrelat$ to any o!r ,european language1 save ! ,f9ni%1 be+ ( ori5tal orig91 & br\ght ) !m by ! invad+ ,hung>ians into ! c\ntry n[ kn[n z ,hung>y1 t[>ds ! end ( ! n9? c5tury ,a4,d4 ,?\gh ! vocabul>y1 accord+ly1 may at fir/ we> an air ( /rang5ess1 ?is /rang5ess does n mean difficulty1 & we v5ture to say t ,hung>ian is easi] = an ,engli% /ud5t ?an ,fr5* or ,g]man4 ,! mo/ /rik+ *>act]i/ics ( ! language are its use ( suffixes1 :]e 9 ,engli% pron\ns & prepositions are employ$1 & ! law ( h>mony prevail+ betwe5 ! v[el-s\nds ( a ^w & ^? ( its suffixes4 ,:5 once ^! rules1 & a few relat+ to ! v]b1 are grasp$1 ,hung>ian w be f\nd to pres5t no great difficulty1 & ! impression t x is a h>d language to le>n mu/ be reg>d$ z due to ! bad & complicat$ exposition usually met ) 9 gramm>s design$ to tea* ,hung>ian4 ,a /ud5t :o ?or\ghly ma/]s ?is %ort & simple gramm> w be well on ! way to speak+ & read+ ,hung>ian1 & to unlock+ = himself ! gold5 /ores ( ,hung>ian prose & poetry4 ,9 ! hope t ?is book may prove s]viceable to any "o visit+ ,hung>y1 we h add$ a vocabul>y & a numb] ( phrases 9 common use4 ,c4 ,,ar?ur ,,g9ev]4 ,,ilona ,,g9ev] 7ne ,,de ,,gy,,ry1 ,,( ,,budape/74 ,,/4 ,,ladislas1 ,,ca/le ,,av5ue1 ,,dov]4 ,,cont5ts ,,*ap4 ,,page ,i4 ,,! ,,alphabet #a ,,ii4 ,,! ,,article #d ,,iii4 ,,! ,,n\n #g ,,iv4 ,,p]sonal ,,suffixes #ah ,v4 ,,suffixes ,,= ,,place1 ,,direction1 ,c4 #bb ,,vi4 ,,po/positions #bf ,,vii4 ,,! ,,adjective #cj ,,viii4 ,,! ,,pron\n #cg ,,ix4 ,,! ,,v]b #dc ,x4 ,,! ,,adv]b #fb ,,xi4 ,,conjunctions #ff ,,xii4 ,,int]jections #fh ,,xiii4 ,,g5d] #gj ,,xiv4 ,,etymology #gb ,,xv4 ,,syntax #ge ,,xvi4 ,,days1 ,,mon?s1 ,,& ,,seasons #gg ,,xvii4 ,,money1 ,,weights1 ,,& ,,measures #gh ,,xviii4 ,,phrases #gi ,,hung>ian-,,engli% ,,vocabul>y #hh ,,engli%-,,hung>ian ,,vocabul>y #ia ,,hung>ian ,,gramm> ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,alphabet ,,v[els4 ,!re are 9 ,hung>ian f\rte5 di/9ct v[el *>act]s3-- a1 2 e1 2 i1 2 o1 1 1 2 u1 1 1 4 ,!y are pron\nc$3-- a z o 9 rod1 e4g4 fal1 a wall 0 a 0 f> 0 vr1 a ca/le e#a 0 a 0 man 0 k]ek1 r\nd 0 a 0 pale 0 pnz1 money i 0 i 0 piqu 0 piros1 r$ 0 ee 0 bee 0 v1 an ar* o 0 o 0 =t 0 bor1 w9e 0 o 0 roll 0 l1 a horse 0 ,fr5* eu 0 neuf 0 fld1 e>? 0 u 0 fur or ,fr5* u 0 sur 0 br1 sk9 u 0 u 0 bull 0 futni1 to run 0 oo 0 pool 0 rt1 ugly 0 ,fr5* u 0 une 0 fl1 e> 0 0 ue 0 morue 0 tz1 fire a1 e1 i1 o1 1 u1 are %ort v[els4 1 1 1 1 1 1 are long v[els4 ,!re are no ,diph?ongs4 ,v[els are also divid$ into3-- 7a7 ,flats3 a1 1 o1 1 u1 2 7b7 ,%>ps3 e1 1 1 1 2 & 7c7 ,m$iates3 1 i1 4 ,flats & ,%>ps nev] occur 9 ! same ^w1 & accord+ z ! v[els are ( "o or ! o!r class ! words are said to be %>p or flat1 & only take suffixes ( _! respective class4 kalap 7hat71 pl4 kalapok4 k]t 7g>d571 0 k]tek4 ,note4--,?is rule does n prev5t ! =mation ( comp\nd sub/antives ( het]og5e\s words1 & applies only to etymological d]ivatives4 ,= example1 selyemruha is a comp\nd ( selyem 7silk71 & ruha 7a dress74 ,! ,m$iates may be f\nd 9 ! same ^w along ) ei!r flat or %>p v[els4 ,su* words are call$ mix$1 & take suffixes ( ei!r class4 piros 7r$71 pl4 pirosak4 hideg 7cold71 0 hidegek4 ,,consonants4 ,! simple consonants are3 b1 c1 d1 f1 g1 h1 j1 k1 l1 m1 n1 p1 r1 s1 t1 v1 z4 c 7or cz7 is pron\nc$ l ts 9 its1 e4g4 citrom1 a lemon g 7h>d7 0 0 0 g 0 g 0 galamb1 a dove j 7s(t7 0 0 0 y 0 y 0 j1 good s 0 0 0 % 0 %oe 0 sas1 an eagle h is always aspirat$ 0 hrom1 ?ree r is h>d] ?an 9 ,engli%1 & is always vibrat$1 :e!r prec$$ 0 rka1 a fox or foll[$ by a v[el 0 r1 price ,! o!rs are pron\nc$ z 9 ,engli%4 ,! comp\nd consonants are3 cs1 ds1 gy1 ly1 ny1 sz1 ty1 zs4 ,!y are pron\nc$ z foll[s3-- cs z * 9 *ur*1 e4g4 csirke1 a *ick5 ds 0 j 0 joke 0 f9dsa1 a cup gy 0 d 0 dew 0 gyngy1 a pe>l ly 0 y 0 y 0 ily51 su* ny 0 n 0 new 0 nyl1 a h>e sz 0 s 0 s 0 szab1 a tailor ty 0 t 0 tune 0 tyk1 a h5 zs 0 z 0 azure 0 zsir1 l>d or ,fr5* j 9 je ,^! comp\nd consonants mu/ be look$ ^u z s+le lett]s1 ea* repres5t+ a s+le & di/9ct s\nd or articulation1 & _c be divid$ 9 spell+ or pronunciation4 ,if 9 a ^w ! s\nd ( a comp\nd consonant is he>d ) great] /ress1 t is1 :]e ^! lett]s are to be writt5 d\bly1 !y are ?us abbreviat$3-- ,= cscs1 ccs2 = gygy1 ggy2 c4 ,b if ^! consonants meet only ?r\gh ! use ( suffixes or ! =mation ( comp\nd words1 !y mu/ be writt5 out 9 full4 ,also1 :5 a ^w is brok5 (f at ! end ( a l9e1 ! miss+ lett] is to be replac$4 asszony 7woman7 is divid$ ?us3 asz-szony4 ,! ,hung>ian language has no mute lett]s4 ,e "* is to be pron\nc$ di/9ctly & 9 full1 always reta9+ ! same s\nd1 & ea* ^w has z _m syllables z x conta9s v[els4 fiaim has ?ree syllables1 & is pron\nc$ fi-a-im4 lenyai 0 five 0 0 0 le-ny-a-i-4 ,! emphasis always re/s on ! fir/ syllable4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,?is e is sometimes pron\nc$ l e 9 m51 especially 9 ! case ( words 9 :i* x occurs sev]al times2 e4g4 eng$elmes 7pron\nc$ ang$alma%74 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! ,,article ,! ,def9ite ,article is a or az4 a is us$ be=e words beg9n+ ) a consonant4 az is us$ be=e words beg9n+ ) a v[el4 ,:5ev] any def9ite object is ref]r$ to ! def9ite article is us$4 a fi1 ! boy2 az alma1 ! apple4 ,! def9ite article is us$ 9 _m cases :]e x w\ld n be us$ 9 ,engli%2 = example1 ev5 aft] a demon/rative adjective1 or :]e a pron\n prec$es ! n\n4 ez az alma2 az n fiam4 7?is apple27 7 my son47 jobban sz]etem a selymet m9t a vsznat4 7bett] d ,i l silk ?an l9547 ,9 su* cases ! article mu/ n be translat$ into ,engli%4 ,n4,b4--,! def9ite article az mu/ n be confus$ ) ! demon/rative adjective az1 t4 ,! article1 :5 accompany+ ! demon/rative adjective1 foll[s x3 e4g4 az az emb]1 t man2 az a madr1 t bird4 ,! names ( p]sons1 t[ns1 c\ntries1 mon?s1 & days d n take ! article4 ,kroly1 ,*>les ,magy>orszg1 ,hung>y ,eurpa1 ,europe ,b]l91 ,b]l9 janur1#b ,janu>y htf1#b ,monday ,! names ( m\nta9s1 riv]s1 & lakes take ! article4 a ,duna1 ! ,danube a ,balaton1 ,lake ,balaton a ,krptok1 ! ,c>pa?ians a ,gellr!gy1 ,gellrt hill magy>orszgi1 ,hung>ian angol1 ,engli% b]l9i1 belong+ to ,b]l9 nmet1 ,g]man ,simil>ly1 egy angol1 an ,engli%man egy nmet1 a ,g]man ,! ,indef9ite ,article is egy1 :i* is also ! num]al1 "o4 ,! indef9ite article is mu* less frequ5tly us$ 9 ,hung>ian ?an 9 ,engli%4 ,x is n necess>y to use egy be=e a n\n if spok5 ( 9 g5]al t]ms only4 emb]t lttam1 ,i saw 7or h se57 a man4 almt ettem1 ,i h eat5 an apple4 egy mu/ nev] be us$ be=e an adjective or n\n us$ z a pr$icate4 ,?us-- ,sz5t ,i/vn kirly volt1 ,/4 ,/eph5 0 a k+4 ,a sas madr1 ! eagle 7is7 a bird4 ,jzsef j fi1 ,joseph 7is7 a good boy4 egy %\ld be us$ 9 cases :]e its mean+ is t ( 8a c]ta940 volt egysz] egy emb] aki1 /b41 !re 0 once a man :o1 c4 egy is us$ :5 /ress is laid on ! s+l5ess ( ! object4 csak egy emb]t lttam1 ,i saw only "o man4 egy almt ettem1 ,i h eat5 "o apple4 ,! article is n inflect$ = numb]1 g5d]1 or case4 az emb]1 az emb]ek1 az emb]nek1 az emb]eknek4 7! man7 7! m57 7to ! man7 7to ! m574 ,,ex]cise ,i4 ,a piros virg4 ,az atya ir4 ,a szp asszony4 ,ez a fi4 ,ez a nagy hz4 ,a j emb]ek4 ,kutyt lttam4 ,csak egy kutyt lttam4 ,az az alma4 ,! swift horse4 ,t brave man4 ,i h eat5 only "o plum4 ,i saw a beautiful g>d54 ,! "m is g5tle4 ,roses are beautiful fl[]s4 virg1 fl[] atya1 fa!r ir1 writes szp1 beautiful nagy1 great hz1 h\se gyors1 swift btor1 brave csak1 only kutya1 dog lttam1 ,i saw 7or h se57 anya1 "m rzsa1 rose magas1 high szelid1 g5tle szilva1 plum ,,footnotes3 #b ,! names ( mon?s & days all beg9 ) small lett]s4 ,s d ! names ( t[ns & c\ntries :5 us$ z adjectives4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,n\n ,numb]1 ,case1 & ,p]son are express$ by means ( ,suffixes4 ,!re are also suffixes to express place & direction4 ,^! suffixes are jo9$ to ! root1 :i* sometimes und]goes or?ographical *anges4 ,place & direction are also indicat$ by means ( po/positions1 :i*1 l ! suffixes m5tion$ above1 are equival5t to ! prepositions ( ,engli% gramm>1 b :i*1 z _! "n indicates1 foll[ ! n\n in/ead ( prec$+ x4 ,po/positions only diff] f ! suffixes :i* also indicate place & direction by be+ sep>ate f ! n\n4 ,,numb]4 ,rule4--,! plural is =m$ by add+ -k to n\ns end+ ) a v[el1 or -ak1 -ok1 -ek1 or -k to n\ns end+ ) a consonant4 rig 7?ru%71 plural rigk hz 7h\se71 0 hzak k]t 7g>d571 0 k]tek a & e at ! end ( a n\n become l5g!n$ 9 ! plural4 fa 7tree71 pl4 fk eke 7pl\gh71 pl4 ekk ,n\ns end+ ) a consonant prec$$ by or %ort5 ^! v[els 9 ! plural1 except ^? end+ 9 -sg1 -sg1 -s1 or -s1 & a few monosyllabic n\ns4 madr 7bird71 plural mad>ak k]k 7:eel7 0 k]ekek ,b1 ritkasg 7r>ity7 0 ritkasgok szpsg 7beauty7 0 szpsgek vgs 7a /roke7 0 vgsok vets 7a crop7 0 vetsek ,if ! f9al consonants ( ! la/ two syllables 9 polysyllabic n\ns w\ld admit ( an easy pronunciation )\t ! int]v5tion ( a v[el1 ! v[el ( ! la/ syllable is g5]ally dropp$ 9 ! plural4 ,?is contraction mo/ly takes place :5 ! consonants m-r1 k-r1 k-l1 or rev]s$1 r-m1 r-k1 & l-k meet4 llek 7s\l71 plural lelkek kr 7bull7 0 krk jrom 7yoke7 0 jrmok ,! foll[+ monosyllabic n\ns end+ ) a v[el take v 9 ! plural2 "s ( !m at ! same "t %ort5 _! v[el3-- k 7/one71 plural kvek l 7juice7 0 levek l 7horse7 0 lovak f 7grass7 0 fvek cs 7tube7 0 csvek t 7lake7 0 tavak t 7/em7 0 tvek h 7sn[7 0 havak m 7"w ( art7 0 mvek sz 7^w7 0 szavak 7consecutive words7 szk 7disconnect$ words7 ,,note4--,n\ns are always us$ 9 ! s+ul> :5 prec$$ by a num]al or any o!r ^w express+ quantity1 & take ! v]b 9 ! s+ul>4 kt emb] 7two m572 sok fa 7_m trees74 hrom emb] van a k]tb51 ?ree m5 are 9 ! g>d54 ,_m n\ns 9 ,hung>ian are us$ 9 ! s+ul> :i* are 9 ,engli% us$ 9 ! plural2 = example1 ! names ( ! v>i\s p>ts ( ! human body1 & ( articles ( clo?+1 :i* occur 9 pairs--eyes1 h&s1 gloves1 boots1 c4 ,szp szeme van1 %e has pretty eyes 7lit]ally1 a pretty eye74 ,fzik a kezem1 my h&s are cold 7lit]ally1 my h& is cold74 ,keztyt1 czipt1 vettem1 ,i h b\ght gloves1 %oes 7lit]ally1 glove1 %oe74 ,if "o desires to say exactly ! quantity b\ght1 "o may say1 egy pr keztyt1 kt pr keztyt1 c41 b if ! quantity is n m5tion$1 x is suffici5t to use ! s+ul> accusative1 z 9 ! above example4 ,if ! plural 7 us$ x w\ld mean _m pairs1 & x w\ld !n be bett] to say h[ _m4 ,x may be well "h to po9t out h[ su* a notion z 8a pair (10 8a cup (10 8a p\nd (10 is express$ 9 ,hung>ian4 ,! ,engli% 8(0 has no equival5t 9 ,hung>ian4 ,a pair ( %oes egy pr czip 7lit4 a pair %oe74 ,a cup ( c(fee egy cssze kv 7lit4 a cup c(fee74 ,a bottle ( w9e egy veg bor4 ,a kilogram ( apples egy kilogramm alma 7lit4 a kilogram apple74 ,9 su* cases1 if ! accusative case has to be us$1 x is only ! second ( ! two n\ns t takes ! accusative end+ -t 7see bel[74 ,i h b\ght a bottle ( w9e vettem egy veg bor-t4 ,collective n\ns are us$ 9 ! plural :5 sev]al lots or quantities ( ! same g5us are ref]r$ to1 b 9 all o!r cases !y are us$ 9 ! s+ul>4 ,9 ,hung>ian all g5]ic names are collective n\ns1 z1 = in/ance1 ! names ( fruits1 corn1 vegetables1 m9]als1 c41 & /& 9 ! s+ul>4 alma1 apple or apples4 buza1 :eat4 bors1 a pea or peas4 egy font alma1 a p\nd ( apples2 sz]etem az almt1 ,i l apples4 kt itcze bors1 two qu>ts ( peas2 borst vettem1 ,i h b\ght "s peas4 ,b1 a magy> buz-k jobbak m9t az oroszok4 ,hung>ian :eats 7are7 bett] ?an ,russian4 ,,ex]cise ,,ii4 ,a hzak magasak s a k]tek nagyok4 ,a rigk mad>ak4 ,a vetsek zldek4 ,az krk ersek4 ,a tavak kkek4 ,a h fehr s hideg4 ,a l s a kutya hzi llatok4 ,a k]tb5 sok szp virg van4 ,az emb]ek a k]tb5 vannak4 ,apples & pe>s are pleasant fruits4 ,! dog & ! cat are dome/ic animals4 ,_m /rong horses are 9 ! /able4 ,?ree beautiful trees are 9 ! g>d54 ,dogs are fai?ful fri5ds4 zld1 gre5 ers1 /rong kk1 blue fehr1 :ite hzi1 dome/ic llat1 animal -b51 -ban1 9 krte1 pe> van1 is vannak1 are kellemes1 pleasant gymlcs1 fruit macska1 cat i/ll1 /able h1 fai?ful b>t1 fri5d ,,cases ,,( ,,! ,,n\n4 ,!re are f\r cases3--,nom9ative1 ,g5itive or ,possessive1 ,dative & ,accusative4 ,! ,nom9ative is ! subject ( ! v]b & is ! simple ^w4 ,,! ,,g5itive4 ,two diff]5t suffixes are us$ to indicate ! g5itive or possessive case4 7#a7 ,:5 ! names ( ! possessor & ! ?+ possess$ are bo? m5tion$ ! "n ( ! possessor takes ! suffix -nak = flat-s\nd+ words & -nek = %>p-s\nd+ words to indicate ! possessive case4 ,at ! same "t ! "n ( ! ?+ possess$ takes ! p]sonal suffix -a1 -e or -ja1 -je 7see ,*apt] ,,iv474 ,pt]-nek k]t-je1 ,pet]'s g>d54 ,pt]-nek a k]t-je szp1 ,pet]'s g>d5 is beautiful4 ,! g5itive ) -nak1 -nek1 /&s 9 an adjectival relation to ! ?+ possess$4 ,9 ,pt]nek k]tje1 ,pt]nek is ! attribute to k]tje4 ,?is con/ruction1 :ile grammatically correct1 is some:at cumb]some1 & z a rule1 :5 ! possessive /&s only z attribute to its object1 x is n inflect$1 z ! object is already inflect$ ) ! p]sonal suffix1 :i* expresses amply ! relation betwe5 possessor & ?+ possess$4 ,?us1 ,pt] k]t-je is m usual ?an ,pt]-nek k]t-je2 9 fact1 ?is con/ruction is almo/ inv>iably employ$4 az emb] kabt-ja1 ! man's coat4 ,note4--,:5 sev]al sub/antives occur 9 succession1 & all except ! fir/ & la/ are bo? possessors & ?+s possess$1 :ile all ! ?+s possess$ take ! p]sonal suffix1 only ! la/ possessor takes ! g5itive suffix1 :i* mu/ nev] be omitt$4 ,a fa lomb-ja sz9--nek szpsg-e4 ,! beauty ( ! col\r ( ! foliage ( ! tree4 ,,van4 ,,vannak4 ,! ,hung>ian has no ^w correspond+ to ! ,engli% v]b 8to h10 b expresses possession by ! possessive case ) ! v]b van1 8is10 or o!r p>ts ( ! v]b l5ni1 8to be40 ,pt]-nek van hz-a1 ,pet] has a h\se 7lit]ally1 !re is a h\se ( ,pet]'s74 ,pt]-nek vannak hz-ai1 ,pet] has h\ses 7lit]ally1 !re are h\ses ( ,pet]'s74 ,! =m ( ! possessive ) ! v]b van is call$ its subjective =m1 & is always to be translat$ into ,engli% by ! nom9ative & ! v]b 8to h40 ,) ?is con/ruction1 -nek or -nak mu/ nev] be omitt$ if ! "n ( ! possessor is m5tion$1 :ile ! ?+ possess$ mu/ always take ! p]sonal end+4 ,note4--,! "n ( ! possessor is n always m5tion$1 ! p]sonal end+1 or ! context1 be+ suffici5t to %[ :o ! possessor is4 ,tavasszal sok virg-unk lesz4 ,we %all h _m fl[]s 9 ! spr+4 ,atym rlt1 m]t az sszel sok gymlcs-e volt4 ,my fa!r 0 glad1 because he _h abundant fruit 9 ! autumn4 ,9 ?is latt] s5t5ce neki is und]/ood1 b ne$ n be express$4 ,! o!r =m1 :]e x gov]ns its object directly1 t is1 )\t van1 is call$ its attributive =m1 & is to be r5d]$ 9 ,engli% by ! possessive case4 7#b7 ,:5 ! "n ( ! ?+ possess$ is suppress$1 ! possessive case is indicat$ by ! suffix - or -i2 -1 if ! ?+ possess$ is a s+le object1 -i1 :5 two or m objects are possess$4 ,k9ek a hza az8 ,az atym-4 ,^: h\se is t8 ,my fa!r's4 ,k9ek a hzai azok8 ,az atym-i4 ,^: h\ses are ^?8 ,my fa!r's4 ,az a hz az atym-4 ,t h\se is my fa!r's4 ,?is s5t5ce 9 full w\ld be3 ,az a hz az atym hza1 b hza is suppress$ & ! suffix - is sub/itut$ = x4 ,?is suffix - or -i is add$ to ! plural if !re are m ?an "o possessor4 ,k9ek a szobja ez8 ,a gy]mek-ek-4 ,^: is ?is room8 ,! *ildr5's4 ,k9ek a szobi ezek8 ,a gy]mek-ek-i4 ,^: are ^! rooms8 ,! *ildr5's4 ,note4--,?is =m ( ! g5itive1 be+ a contraction ( bo? possessor & object possess$1 may be us$ z subject or pr$icate1 & c be inflect$ l an ord9>y n\n1 except t x _c take ! g5itive end+ aga94 ,hzamat eladtam s ,pt]--t megvettem1 ,i sold my h\se & b\ght ,pet]'s4 ,"h ,pt] is 9 ! g5itive1 & has tak5 also ! accusative end+ -t1 :i* w\ld be jo9$ to ! object 7 x express$2 ?us1 ,hzamat eladtam s ,pt]nek hz--t megvettem4 ,,ex]cise ,,iii4 ,a mad>ak dala szp4 ,a fk lombja zld4 ,pt] hza s k]tje nagy4 ,a hznak sok ablaka van4 ,az krk jrma ers4 ,jnosnak ngy lova van4 ,a rzsknak des illata van4 ,k9ek a k]tje ez8 ,a szomszd4 ,! sc5t ( ! fl[]s is pleasant4 ,^: are ^? f9e horses8 ,!y belong to ! k+4 ,! col\r ( ! roses ( t g>d5 is lovely4 ,t tall h\se belongs to ,pet]4 ,! neighb\r has a l>ge g>d54 dal1 song lomb1 foliage ablak1 w9d[ ngy1 f\r des1 sweet illat1 sc5t szomszd1 neighb\r szp1 f9e1 beautiful szn1 col\r gynyr1 lovely ,,! ,,dative4 ,! dative suffix is also -nak or -nek1 :i* corresponds to ! ,engli% 8to0 or 8=40 ,ezt ,pt]-nek adom1 ,i give ?is to ,pet]4 ,sznt viszek a lovak-nak1 ,i c>ry hay to ! horses4 ,n4,b4--,?is dative suffix1 unlike ! g5itive -nak1 -nek1 mu/ nev] be omitt$4 ,,! ,,accusative4 ,! di/9ctive m>k ( ! accusative1 bo? 9 ! s+ul> & 9 ! plural1 is ! end+ -t4 ,rule #a4--,?is -t is add$ directly to 7a7 all sub/antives end+ 9 a v[el4 frfi 7man71 acc4 frfit rzsa 7rose7 0 rzst kefe 7bru%7 0 keft erd 7wood7 0 erdt ,note4--,f9al -a & -e become l5g!n$ 9 ! accusative4 7b7 ,sub/antives end+ 9 j1 l1 if !y are n monosyllables1 ny1 s 7if prec$$ by a long v[el71 dissyllables end+ 9 sz & z1 & monosyllables end+ 9 r 7except vr1 a ca/le74 zrej 7noise71 acc4 zrejt asztal 7table7 0 asztalt leny 7girl7 0 lenyt kr 7damage7 0 krt hs 7meat7 0 h/ vadsz 7huntsman7 0 vadszt vitz 7w>rior7 0 vitzt ,rule #b4 -t is prec$$ by a v[el 9 ! case ( words end+ ) a consonant4 7a7 ,by a 7= flat words74 ,9 monosyllabic sub/antives conta9+ a long or %ort a 7except+ ^? cov]$ by ! prec$+ rule74 szj 7m\?71 acc4 szjat vz 7skeleton7 0 vzat vaj 7butt]7 0 vajat ,9 mo/ monosyllables conta9+ i4 dj 7sal>y71 acc4 djat hd 7bridge7 0 hidat ,also1 9 _m n\ns :i* %ort5 ! long ( _! la/ syllable4 madr 7bird71 acc4 mad>at 7b7 ,by o 7= flat words74 n>ancs 7orange71 acc4 n>ancsot kalap 7hat7 0 kalapot 7c7 ,by e 7= %>p words74 ,9 all sub/antives ^: roots h i1 e1 or 1 = _! radical v[els4 gy]mek 7*ild71 acc4 gy]meket vitzsg 7brav]y7 0 vitzsget ,9 monosyllables ) a f9al l1 or ) ano!r f9al consonant prec$$ by l or r4 fl 7e>71 acc4 flet fld 7e>?7 0 fldet vlgy 7valley7 0 vlgyet 7d7 ,by 7= %>p words74 ,9 sub/antives hav+ z _! radical v[els 1 1 1 or 1 & n cov]$ by ! prec$+ rules4 ez/ 7silv]71 acc4 ez/t f/ 7smoke7 0 f/t kd 7fog7 0 kdt ,,contraction4 ,! rule = contraction is ! same 9 ! case ( ! addition ( ! accusative end+ z 9 t ( ! addition ( ! plural end+ 7see page #h74 llek 7s\l71 plural1 lelkek1 acc4 lelket dolog 7task7 0 dolgok1 0 dolgot ,a sub/antive is decl9$ 9 ! plural 9 ! same way z 9 ! s+ul>4 ,nom4 a hzak ,g54 a hzak- ,dat4 a hzak-nak ,acc4 a hzak-at ,,ex]cise ,,iv4 ,buzt adok a mad>aknak4 ,kpeket mutatok a gy]mekeknek4 ,az emb] vizet visz a lovaknak s az krknek4 ,a h tak>t ad a fldnek4 ,a k]t gymlcst hoz a gazdnak4 ,a tnak a p>tja virgos s a vize tiszta4 ,a k]t fve zld s fi magasak4 ,ltok egy gazdasgot1 kt hzat s hrom lovat4 ,a munka dja nagy4 ,a mad>at a k]tb5 ltom4 ,! m5 h a beautiful g>d54 ,! k+'s palace is an impos+ build+4 ,i d n mu* admire ! h\ses4 ,^: books are ^?8 ,!y belong to ! /ud5t4 ,i %all give ?is gun to ! hunt]4 ,i l beautiful fl[]s4 kp1 picture mutatok1 ,i %[ vz1 wat] visz1 c>ries ad1 gives munka1 "w ltok1 ltom1 ,i see palota1 palace tek9tlyes1 impos+ plet1 build+ tak>1 a cov]+ hoz1 br+s gazda1 f>m] gazdasg1 f>m "p1 %ore virgos1 fl[]y nem1 no1 n nagyon1 mu* bmulom1 ,i admire tanul1 /ud5t fogom adni1 ,i %all give puska1 gun tiszta1 clean1 pure ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,p]sonal ,,suffixes ,z already m5tion$1 ! "n ( ! object possess$ is always inflect$4 ,pt]nek kalap-ja 7,pet]'s hat74 ,9 ,hung>ian1 ! function ( ! ,engli% possessive pron\ns 7my1 ?y1 c47 is p]=m$ by suffixes4 aty-m 7my fa!r72 aty-d 7?y fa!r74 ,^! suffixes are z foll[s3-- 7,a47 ,:]e ! ,object possess$ is ,s+ul>4 ,flat ,words4 ,%>p ,words4 ,s+43 #a/ p]son -m -m my #bnd 0 -d -d ?y #crd 0 -ja -je 81 h]s1 its ,plural3 #a/ 0 -nk -nk our #bnd 0 -tok -tek1 tk y\r #crd 0 -jok1 juk -jk1 jk _! ,:5 a ^w ends 9 a v[el ^! suffixes are add$ directly to ! ^w1 ! v[els a & e be+ l5g!n$1 z 9 ! case ( ! =mation ( ! plural4 ,examples4 atya 7fa!r7 aty-m1 my fa!r aty-nk1 our fa!r aty-d1 ?y fa!r aty-tok1 y\r fa!r aty77-ja1 8 or h] fa!r#c aty77-juk1 _! fa!r#c eke 7pl\gh7 ek-m1 my pl\gh ek-nk1 our pl\gh ek-d1 ?y pl\gh ek-tek1 y\r pl\gh ek-je1 8 or h] pl\gh ek-jk1 _! pl\gh ,a l>ge numb] ( words drop ! j 9 ! ?ird p]son s+ul> & plural4 lb 7foot7 lba lbuk br 7wages7 bre brk szv 7he>t7 szive szivk toll 7fea!r7 tolla tolluk orr 7nose7 orra orruk ,9 g5]al1 :5 a ^w ends ) a consonant ! j is omitt$1 b words end+ 9 two diff]5t consonants usually reta9 ! j4 fld 7gr\nd7 fldje foldjk k]t 7g>d57 k]tje k]tjk domb 7hill7 dombja dombjuk rojt 7fr+e7 rojtja rojtjuk ,!re are exceptions1 h[ev]4 gymlcs 7fruit7 gymlcse gymlcsk rcz 7metal7 rcze rczk kil9cs 7door h&le7 kil9cse kil9csk 7,b47 ,:]e ! ,objects possess$ are m ?an "o4 ,! m>k ( plurality is ! v[el i 9 ! suffixes4 ,flat & ,%>p ,words4 ,s+43 #a/ p]son -im my #bnd 0 -id ?y #crd 0 -i 81 h]s1 its ,plural3 #a/ 0 -ink our #bnd 0 -itok1 itek y\r 7flat7 7%>p7 #crd 0 -ik _! ,examples4 haj 7%ip7 szoba 7room7 eke 7pl\gh7 ,s+43 #a/ p]son haj-im szob-im ek-im #bnd 0 haj-id szob-id ek-id #crd 0 haj-i szob-i ek-i ,plural3 #a/ 0 haj-ink szob-ink ek-ink #bnd 0 haj-itok szob-itok ek-itek #crd 0 haj-ik szob-ik ek-ik ,n\ns end+ 9 a consonant l9k ^! end+s by means ( a v[el4 ,examples4 knyv 7book72 hz 7h\se74 #a4 ,! ,object 9 ! ,s+ul>4 #a4 knyv-em1 my book4 #a4 hz-am1 my h\se4 #b4 knyv-ed1 ?y book4 #b4 hz-ad1 ?y h\se4 #c4 knyv-e1 8 book4 #c4 hz-a1 8 h\se4 #a4 knyv-nk1 our book4 #a4 hz-unk1 our h\se4 #b4 knyv-etek1 y\r book4 #b4 hz-atok1 y\r h\se4 #c4 knyv-k1 _! book4 #c4 hz-ok1 _! h\se4 #b4 ,! ,object 9 ! ,plural4 #a4 knyv-eim1 my books4 #a4 hz-aim1 my h\ses4 #b4 knyv-eid1 ?y books4 #b4 hz-aid1 ?y h\ses4 #c4 knyv-ei1 8 books4 #c4 hz-ai1 8 h\ses4 #a4 knyv-e9k1 our books4 #a4 hz-a9k1 our h\ses4 #b4 knyv-eitek1 y\r books4 #b4 hz-aitok1 y\r h\ses4 #c4 knyv-eik1 _! books4 #c4 hz-aik1 _! h\ses4 ,words :i* contract be=e add+ ! plural end+s1 also contract :5 add+ ^! p]sonal suffixes4 kr 7ox71 plural krk krm 7my ox71 c4 malom 7mill7 0 malmok malmom 7my mill71 c4 llek 7s\l7 0 lelkek lelkem 7my s\l71 c4 ,note4--,if ! possessor is ! fir/ or ! second p]son1 ! pron\n mu/ n be put be=e x ord9>ily1 z ! suffix already indicates to :om ! object belongs4 ,! p]sonal pron\n is only to be us$ :5 x is desir$ to lay /ress on ?is own]%ip1 z1 az n knyvem1 my book 7n y\rs72 a te knyv$1 ?y book 7n ano!r's74 ,a n\n to :i* has be5 add$ a p]sonal suffix c take fur!r suffixes4 ezt aty-m-nak adom1 ,i am giv+ ?is to my fa!r4 a haj-m-at sz]etem1 ,i l my boat4 a haj-m-ban1 9 my boat4 ,,ex]cise ,v4 ,a hzak ablakai fnyesek s ajti magasak4 ,a gazdnak hat lova1 nyolcz kre s tz teh5e van4 ,ki az eke s az s8 ,a gazd4 ,a h s szorgalmas szolga bre nagy4 ,k]tem gymlcsei rettek4 ,az n k]tem kisebb m9t a b>tom4 ,a krte ze kellemesebb m9t az alm4 ,a mi atynk idsebb m9t a te atyd4 ,a rzsa sz9e piros1 a buzavirg kk4 ,my fa!r's books are v int]e/+4 ,! sc5t ( ! roses is pleasant4 ,! col\r ( ! rose is r$4 ,! f>m] has _m valuable horses4 ,! fl[]s ( my fa!r's g>d5 are beautiful4 ,^: is t book8 ,x belongs to my fri5d's little boy4 fnyes1 bright ajt1 door hat1 six tz1 t5 tehn1 c[ szorgalmas1 indu/ri\s szolga1 s]vant br1 wages rett1 ripe kis1 kisebb1 small1 small] b>t1 fri5d z1 flav\r ids1 old buzavirg1 cornfl[] rdekes1 int]e/+ rtkes1 valuable ,,footnotes3 #c anya 7"m71 atya 7fa!r71 & btya 7eld] bro!r71 drop ! 9 ! ?ird p]son s+ul> & plural4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,suffixes ,,= ,,place1 ,,direction1 ,,etc4 ,:]e 9 ,engli% a preposition w\ld be us$1 9 ,hung>ian ei!r a suffix1 or a po/position 7see next *apt]7 is employ$4 ,9 ! h\se1 a hz-ban4 7a7 ,suffixes indicat+ ,place :]e4 ,flat4 ,%>p4 #a4 -ban1 -b5 94 a hz-ban1 a knyv-b54 #b4 -n 7aft] v[els7 on1 at1 94 az ajt-n1 on ! door4 ,note4--a & e become l5g!n$ :5 add+ -n3 z1 eke1 ek-n4 -on1 -en1 -n 7aft] a consonant7 on1 at1 94 az asztal-on1 on ! table4 a fld-n1 on ! gr\nd4 ,budape/-en1 9 ,budape/4 #c4 -nl1 -nl )1 at ! h\se (1 at1 among4 atym-nl van1 he is ) my fa!r1 or at my fa!r's h\se4 a francia udv>-nl1 at ! ,fr5* ,c\rt4 a grgk-nl1 among ! ,greeks4 7b7 ,suffixes answ]+ ! ,"q :i!r4 ,flat4 ,%>p4 #d4 -ba1 -be into4 a hz-ba megyek1 ,i am go+ into ! h\se4 t$d a t]em-be1 put x into ! hall4 #e4 -ra1 -re t[>ds1 on1 ^u4 szak-ra1 t[>ds ! nor?4 t$d az asztal-ra1 put x on ! table4 tz-re jr az ra1 x is gett+ t[>ds t5 o'clock4 #f4 -hoz1 -hez1 -hz to1 t[>ds4 a b>tom-hoz megyek1 ,i am go+ to my fri5d4 m5j az plet-hez1 g to ! build+4 7c7 ,suffixes answ]+ ! ,"q :5ce4 #g4 -bl1 -bl out (4 kim5tem a hz-bl1 ,i w5t out ( ! h\se4 a halat kifogtk a vz-bl1 !y h drawn a fi% out ( ! wat]4 #h4 -rl1 -rl f 7d[nw>ds f74 a kmny leesett a hz-rl 7! *imney fell f ! h\se74 #i4 -tl1 -tl f4 a levl az atym-tl jn1 ! lett] comes f my fa!r4 ,o!r ,suffixes4 -ig answ]s ! "q ,h[ long8 or ,h[ f>8 a hz-ig1 z f> z ! h\se4 kt vig1 = two ye>s4 -rt on acc\nt (1 because (1 =4 b>tsg-rt1 = fri5d%ip4 pnz-rt1 = money4 ,flat4 ,%>p4 -val1 -vel )1 by means (4 s-val1 ) a spade4 ,note4---val1 -vel1 if jo9$ to a n\n end+ 9 a consonant1 drops ! v1 & d\bles ! f9al consonant ( ! n\n4 kz 7h&71 kz-zel 7by h&71 kezem-mel 7) my h&74 -v1 -v is us$ to indicate ! *ange ( an object into some?+ else4 katon-v l5ni1 to become a soldi]4 ,lt neje s-v vltozott1 ,lot's wife 0 turn$ into salt4 ,note4--,! above rule relat+ to -val1 -vel1 applies also to -v1 -v4 -l1 -l tells = :at purpose a ?+ has be5 done4 pld-l1 = example2 m9t-l1 z a patt]n4 -knt l1 z4 nagybtyjt atyja-knt sz]eti1 he loves 8 uncle l a fa!r4 -/ul1 /l toge!r )4 levettem a rzst szra/ul1 ,i pluck$ ! rose ) its /alk4 ,all ^! suffixes c be us$ aft] plural or p]sonal suffixes h already be5 add$ to a n\n4 hz1 hz-ak-rt1 hz-am-rt4 ,!y c also !mselves take ! p]sonal end+s m5tion$ 9 ! previ\s *apt]4 ,?us1 in/ead ( jo9+ -b5 797 to ! pron\n n 7,i71 to express ! notion 89 me10 ! p]sonal suffix m 7) ! prop] connect+ v[el7 is add$ to ! prepositional affix -b53 ?us1 89 me0 becomes b5nem1 89 !e10 b5n$1 c4 b5 797 gives b5nem1 b5n$1 b5ne1 b5nnk1 b5netek1 b5nk4 n 7on7 0 rajtam1 rajtad1 rajta1 rajtunk1 rajtatok1 rajtok4 nl 7)7 0 nlam1 nlad1 nla1 nlunk1 nlatok1 nlok4 be 7into7 0 belm1 beld1 bel 7belje71 belnk1 beltek1 beljk4 ra1 re 7on to7 0 rem 7rm71 red 7rd71 re 7r71 renk 7rnk71 rtok1 rjok4 hoz 7t[>ds7 0 hozzm1 hozzd1 hozz 7hozzja71 hozznk1 hozztok1 hozzjok4 bl 7out (7 0 bellem1 bell$1 belle1 bellnk1 belletek1 bellk4 rl 7d[n f7 0 rlam1 rlad1 rla1 rlunk1 rlatok1 rluk4 tl 7f7 0 tlem1 tl$1 tle1 tlnk1 tletek1 tlk4 rt 7on acc\nt (7 0 rtem1 rt$1 rte1 rtnk1 rtetek1 rtk4 vel 7)7 0 velem1 vel$1 vele1 velnk1 veletek1 velk4 ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,po/positions ,^! resemble ! suffixes j enum]at$1 except 9 ! circum/ance t !y are n jo9$ to ! n\n1 b /& aft] x z sep>ate words4 az egr fut a macska ell1 ! m\se runs f ! cat4 ,_m h ?ree =ms1 accord+ z !y answ] ! "q ,:58 ,:i!r8 ,:5ce8 alatt1 "u 7/ation>y73 a macska az asztal alatt van1 ! cat is "u ! table4 al1 "u 7t[>ds73 m5j a fa al1 g "u ! tree4 all1 "u 7f "u73 a nvny kikel a fld all1 ! plant comes f "u ! gr\nd4 ,su* po/positions may be tabulat$ z foll[s3-- ,:]e8 ,:i!r8 ,:5ce8 "u alatt al all be=e eltt el ell above fltt fl fll ar\nd krtt kr krl betwe5 or among kztt kz kzl beh9d mgtt mg mgl beside mellett mell melll on hegyett hegy t[>ds fel away f fell ,o!r ,po/positions4 ell51 aga9/ gyannt1 z1 = irnt1 t[>ds miatt1 because ( mulva1 aft]1 at ! end ( nlkl1 )\t ta1 s9ce sz]9t1 accord+ to utn1 aft] vgett1 = ! purpose ( helyett1 in/ead ( ,! above po/positions d n necessitate any or?ographical modification ( ! prec$+ sub/antive4 a ,duna mellett1 beside ! ,danube4 ,! foll[+ po/positions d necessitate "s *ange4 kzel1 ne>4 kpe/1 9 comp>ison )1 9 proportion to4 ,be=e ^! ! sub/antive takes -hoz1 -hez1 or -hz4 a templom-hoz kzel1 ne> ! *ur*4 ccs-hez kpe/ magas1 he is tall comp>$ ) 8 y\ng] bro!r4 fogva1 s9ce1 by1 f4 ,! sub/antive takes ! suffix -nl1 -nl1 or -tl1 -tl4 kez-nl fogva1 by 8 h&4 tavasz-tl fogva pitik ezt a hzat1 !y h be5 build+ ?is h\se s9ce ! spr+4 nzve1 9 reg>d to4 ,! sub/antive takes ! suffix -ra1 -re4 a dolog b>tom-ra nzve kellemetl51 ! bus9ess is disagreeable z reg>ds my fri5d4 a klsej-re nzve megny]1 he is pleas+ z reg>ds 8 appe>ance4 egytt1 toge!r )4 ,! sub/antive takes ! suffix -val1 -vel4 ,sndor ,m>i-val egytt rkezett1 ,alex&] has arriv$ toge!r ) ,m>y4 ,note4--egytt c also be us$ z an adv]b1 mean+ toge!r4 a hrom emb] egytt rkezett1 ! ?ree m5 arriv$ toge!r4 ,! foll[+ po/positions necessitate ! addition to ! sub/antives ( ! end+ -n1 -on1 -en1 or -n4 alul1 bel[1 "u4 a becsron alul adtk el m9d5t1 all 8 belong+s 7 sold "u _! value4 t1 ltal1 across1 ov]4 a katonk a hidon t m5tek el1 ! soldi]s w5t away ov] ! bridge4 bell1 )91 inside4 az ajtn bell1 inside ! door4 fll1 above4 a felhkn fll1 above ! cl\ds4 inn51 ?is side (4 a folyn inn51 ?is side ( ! riv] k]esztl1 ?r\gh1 across4 az erdn k]esztl1 ?r\gh ! wood4 kvl1 outside4 a vroson kvl1 outside ! t[n4 tl1 beyond1 ! o!r side (4 az erdn tl vadsznak1 !y are hunt+ ! o!r side ( ! wood4 ,! above po/positions 7) ! exception ( gyannt1 mulva1 ta1 kzel1 kpe/1 fogva1 nzve1 egytt1 t1 bell1 inn51 k]esztl1 & tl7 may1 l ! suffixes 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 take ! p]sonal end+s4 alattam1 "u me alattad1 "u !e1 c4 nlklem1 )\t me nlkl$1 )\t !e1 c4 kvlem1 besides me kvl$1 besides !e1 c4 all1 bell1 fll1 kvl1 kzel1 & tl c take ! suffix = direction -rl1 rl 7f71 & !y !n mean f "u1 f )91 c4 all-rl1 f "u bell-rl1 f )9 fll-rl1 f above kvl-rl1 f )\t kzel-rl1 f ne> tl-rl1 f beyond ,,ex]cise ,,vi4 ,a teh5ek s lovak i/lli tgasak s tisztk a gazdasgban4 ,magy>orszg hegyeib5 sok rcz van4 ,atynk uj knyvei a knyvtrban vannak4 ,htf helyett sz]dn megyek el4 ,a hrom kzl ez a legszebb4 ,a f/ elszllt a tet fll4 ,a hirlap sz]9t a kirly megrkezett4 ,my fa!r is 9 8 g>d51 b w soon g into ! h\se4 ,! horses are 9 _! /alls4 ,! boys are com+ out ( s*ool4 ,! *imney fell d[n f ! ro(4 ,d n g to ! %op )\t money4 ,fl\r is made into bread4 tgas1 spaci\s hegy1 hill rcz1 metal knyvtr1 libr>y htf1 ,monday sz]da1 ,w$nesday legszebb1 f9e/ elszllt1 has fl[n tet1 ro( hirlap1 newspap] ham>1 soon jnnek1 are com+ iskola1 s*ool kmny1 *imney bolt1 %op ne m5j1 d n g liszt1 fl\r k5yr1 bread cs9ljk1 !y make 7! passive is n us$7 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,,adjective ,! adjective :5 us$ attributively is indecl9able4 ,a szp rzsa1 ! beautiful rose4 ,a szp rzsk1 ! beautiful roses4 ,ltom a szp rzskat1 ,i see ! beautiful roses4 ,b :5 us$ pr$icatively1 ! adjective is decl9able4 ,a rzsk szp-ek1 ! roses are beautiful4 ,also1 :5 ! adjective is us$ by itself z a sub/antive1 x is decl9able4 ,add nekem a knyvet4 ,melyiket8 ,a nagy-ot4 ,give me ! book4 ,:i* "o8 ,! big 7"o74 ,add nekem a knyveket4 ,melyikeket8 ,a nagy-okat4 ,give me ! books4 ,:i* ones8 ,! big 7ones74 ,an adjective :5 decl9$ is inflect$ 9 ! same mann] z a sub/antive4 ,9 =m+ ! plural1 h[ev]1 ! foll[+ exceptions occur4 ,adjectives end+ 9 take ! plural end+ -ek4 ,adjectives end+ 9 i take ! plural end+ -ek or -ak4 gynyr 7lovely71 plural gynyr-ek rgi 7old7 0 rgi-ek prisi 7,p>isian7 0 prisi-ak ,9 all o!r cases adjectives foll[ ! same rules z sub/antives4 ,among adjectives are reckon$ ! p>ticiples ( ! v]b1 :i*1 :5 us$ z adjectives1 are inflect$ l !m4 ,,comp>ison ,,( ,,adjectives4 ,! comp>ative is =m$ by add+ -bb to adjectives end+ 9 a v[el1 or -abb1 -ebb1 or -obb1 to ^? end+ 9 a consonant4 gynyr 7lovely71 comp4 gynyr-bb nagy 7great7 0 nagy-obb ,aft] sibilants1 :i* w\ld admit ! s\nd b to be he>d )\t an int]m$iate v[el1 (t5 only -b is add$ to =m ! comp>ative1 b x is pref]able to use a connect+ v[el1 unless x is n desir$ to l5g!n ! ^w by a syllable1 z1 = in/ance1 9 poetry4 ,x is correct1 = example1 to write magasb 7high]71 ?\gh magasabb is m usual4 ,f9al a & e are l5g!n$ :5 ! comp>ative suffix -bb is add$4 drga 7de>71 drg-bb2 fekete 7black71 feket-bb4 ,f9al %ort5s its s\nd only 9 j 7good71 jobb4 ,! foll[+ are some:at irregul>3-- szp 7beautiful71 comp4 szebb knny 7easy7 0 knnyebb ifju 7"y7 0 ifjabb hossz 7long7 0 hosszabb sok 7mu*7 0 tbb ,comp>isons are made ) ! aid ( ! conjunction m9t1 z1 ?an4 ,ez nagyobb m9t az1 ?is is great] ?an t4 ,a mt] hosszabb m9t a rf1 ! metre is long] ?an ! y>d4 z 444 z 444 is express$ by olyan 444 m9t 444 ,az n hzam olyan nagy m9t a ti$1 my h\se is z l>ge z y\rs4 ,egy font nem olyan nehz m9t egy kilogramm1 a p\nd is n s heavy z a kilogram4 ,:5 ! comp>ative is us$ by itself z a sub/antive1 x takes ! affix -ik4 szebb1 a szebbik2 nagyobb1 a nagyobbik4 ,a kt foly kzl ez a mlyebbik1 ( ! two riv]s1 ?is is ! deep]4 ,?is rule applies also to ! sup]lative4 ,! sup]lative is inv>iably =m$ by prefix+ leg- to ! comp>ative4 drga1 comp4 drgbb sup4 leg-drgbb nagy 0 nagyobb 0 leg-nagyobb ers 0 ersebb 0 leg-ersebb sok 0 tbb 0 leg-tbb ,c>d9als4--,^! are decl9able l o!r adjectives :5 ! sub/antives :i* !y qualify are n express$4 ,!y also =m d]ivatives :i* answ] ! "q3 hnyan 7h[ _m78 ,= in/ance3 ,h[ _m ran away8 ,hrman 7 hrom-an1 ! o be+ dropp$74 ,! t]m9ations ( ^! d]ivatives are -an & -en1 z1 ngy-en1 t-en4 egy egy$l 7alone71 & kett kett51 =m _! d]ivatives irregul>ly2 hrom & ez] become contract$3 hrman1 ezr54 ,szz 7#ajj71 ez] 7#ajjj71 & milli may be us$ z sub/antives & =m plurals if ! numb] ( hundr$s1 c41 is indef9ite2 z1 szzak 7hundr$s71 ezrek 7?\s&s71 millik 7millions74 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! numb] is /at$1 ! s+ul> mu/ be us$2 z hrom szz 7?ree hundr$71 tz ez] 7t5 ?\s&74 ,num]als ,c>d9als4 ,ord9als4 ,fractionals4 ,multiplicatives4 #a egy els egysz] 7once7 #bd kt1 kett msodik fl1 #a_/b ktsz] 7twice7 #c hrom h>madik h>mad1 #a_/c hromszor #d ngy negy$ik negy$1 #a_/d ngysz] #e t tdik td1 #a_/e tszr #f hat hatodik hatod1 #a_/f hatszor #g ht het$ik het$1 #a_/g htsz] #h nyolc nyolcadik nyolcad1 #a_/h nyolcszor #i kil5c kil5c$ik kil5c$1 #a_/i kil5csz] #aj tz tiz$ik tiz$1 #a_/aj tzsz] #aa tiz5egy tiz5egy$ik tiz5egy$1 #a_/aa tiz5egysz] #abd tiz5kt tiz5kett$ik tiz5kett$1 #a_/ab tiz5ktsz] 7kett7 #bj hsz huszadik huszad1 #a_/bj hszszor #ba huszonegy huszonegy$ik huszonegy$1 #a_/ba huszanegysz] #bbd huszonkt huszonkett$ik huszonkett$1 #a_/bb huszanktsz] 7kett7 #cj h>m9c h>m9cadik h>m9cad1 #a_/cj h>m9cszor #ca h>m9cegy h>m9cegy$ik h>m9cegy$1 #a_/ca h>m9cegysz] #dj negyv5 negyv5$ik negyv5$1 #a_/dj negyv5sz] #ej tv5 tv5$ik tv5$1 #a_/ej tv5sz] #fj hatvan hatvanadik hatvanad1 #a_/fj hatvanszor #gj hetv5 hetv5$ik hetv5$1 #a_/gj hetv5sz] #hj nyolcvan nyolcvanadik nyolcvanad1 #a_/hj nyolcvanszor #ij kil5cv5 kil5cv5$ik kil5cv5$1 #a_/ij kil5cv5sz] #ajj szz szzadik szzad1 #a_/ajj szzszor #a1jjj ez] ezr$ik ezr$1 #a_/ajjj ez]sz] #aj1jjj tzez] tzezr$ik tzezr$1 #a_/ajjjj tzez]sz] #ajj1jjj szzez] szzezr$ik szzezr$1 #a_/ajjjjj szzez]sz] #a1jjj1jjj milli milliomodik milliomod1 #a_/ajjjjjj milliomszor ,ord9als4--,^!1 l c>d9als1 are adjectives1 & are decl9able4 ,!y sometimes drop ! end+ -ik if ano!r ^w is jo9$ to !m4 ,?is is n usually done1 h[ev]1 & occurs *iefly 9 words express+ age1 z1 msod-ves1 9 ! second ye>2 78two ye>s old0 w\ld be ktves74 ,ord9als =m adv]bs by dropp+ ! end+ -ik1 & tak+ -szor or -sz] in/ead4 ,els is irregul>1 b ! re/ are regul>4 els1 fir/ elszr1 fir/ly msodik1 second msodszor1 secondly h>madik1 ?ird h>madszor1 ?irdly negy$ik1 f\r? negy$sz]1 f\r?ly1 c4 ,fractionals are also adjectives & decl9able1 b !y d n =m adv]bs4 ,!y may be us$ 9 ! plural1 z1 negy$ek 7qu>t]s72 e4g4 a negy$ek nagyobbak m9t a nyolcadok 7qu>t]s are l>g] ?an eigh?s74 ,if h[ev]1 ^! fractionals are prec$$ by ano!r num]al1 !y mu/ be us$ 9 ! s+ul>2 z1 hrom negy$ 7?ree-f\r?s74 ,multiplicatives are adv]bs & !re=e indecl9able4 ,hromszor ngy3 tiz5kett1 ?ree times f\r are twelve4 ,hromszor irtam levelet1 ,i h writt5 a lett] ?ree times4 ,^! multiplicatives =m adjectives by add+ -es or -os4 ,ktsz]-es1 d\ble2 hromszor-os1 triple1 c4 ,o!r multiples1 almo/ id5tical 9 mean+ ) ktsz]es1 hromszoros1 c41 are3-- egyes1 simple ketts1 d\ble hrmas1 triple ngyes1 quadruple ts1 qu9tuple hatos1 sextuple hetes1 septuple nyolczas1 octuple1 c4 ,by add+ -rt to ! c>d9al numb]s ano!r k9d ( multiplicative is =m$4 egyrt1 s+le2 ktrt1 two-fold2 hatrt1 six-fold1 c4 hromrt vszon1 ?ree-fold l954 ,indef9ite ,num]als3-- sok1 mu*1 _m sokan 0 0 only ( p]sons1 keves51 few & :5 n foll[$ nhnyan 0 by a sub/antive4 kevs1 few nhny1 a few annyi1 s mu* szmtalan1 innum]able ,! ,"t4 ,! h\rs are express$ by ! respective c>d9al numb]s1 foll[$ by ! ^w ra 7h\r74 egy ra 7"o o'clock72 tiz5egy ra 7elev5 o'clock74 ,! half-h\rs & qu>t]s are express$ by ! suitable fraction1 foll[$ by ! numb] ( ! next h\r1 :i* numb] may take ! affix -ra1 -re4 ,a qu>t]-pa/ two negy$ hromra 7lit4 a qu>t] t[>ds ?ree74 ,half-pa/ two fl hromra 7lit4 a half t[>ds ?ree74 ,a qu>t] to ?ree hrom negy$ hromra 7lit4 ?ree-qu>t]s t[>ds ?ree74 ,n4,b4--,! affix is frequ5tly omitt$4 ,! m9utes are indicat$ z foll[s3-- #b4e t p]cczel mult kett 7lit4 #e m9utes pa/ two74 #b4aj tz p]cczel mult kett 7lit4 #aj m9utes pa/ two74 #b4bj tz p]cz mulva fl hrom 7lit4 #aj m9utes be=e half ?ree74 #b4be t p]cz mulva fl hrom 7lit4 #e m9utes be=e half ?ree74 #b4ce tz p]cz mulva hrom negy$ hrom 7lit4 #aj m9utes be=e ?ree-qu>t]s ( ?ree74 #b4dj t p]cz mulva hrom negy$ hrom 7lit4 #e m9utes be=e ?ree-qu>t]s ( ?ree74 #b4ej tz p]cz mulva hrom 7lit4 #aj m9utes be=e ?ree74 #b4ee t p]cz mulva hrom 7lit4 #e m9utes be=e ?ree74 ,to ask ! "t1 "o says3 ,hny ra van8 or1 ,hny az ra4 7,hny h[ mu*8 h[ _m874 ,,ex]cise ,,vii4 ,a liszt fehr1 a czukor fehrebb s a h a legfehrebb4 ,a gazdag orszgok hatalmasak4 ,a gondolat gyorsabb m9t a villm4 ,atym birtoka sokkal rgibb m9t a te atyd4 ,a kemny drgakvek a bnyban vannak4 ,a drgakvek nagyon kemnyek4 ,az utczban tv5kt hz van4 ,negy$ik#e ,h5rik nmet csszr s ,het$ik#e ,g]gely rmai ppa kortrsak voltak4 ,a gymlcs egy h>mada az enym1 kt h>mada btym4 ,ngy ra mult nyolcz p]cczel4 ,! ri*e/ m5 are n always ! happie/4 ,i see _m lovely roses 9 y\r fa!r's g>d54 ,my fri5d's h\se is mu* l>g] ?an ?is4 ,!re are sev5te5 h\ses 9 ! /reet1 & m9e is ! elev5?4 ,i %all be at home at tw5ty-five m9utes pa/ six4 ,! k+'s palace is ! l>ge/ build+ 9 ,budape/4 czukor1 sug> gazdag1 ri* orszg1 c\ntry hatalmas1 p[]ful gondolat1 ?\ght villm1 lightn+ birtok1 e/ate sokkal1 7by7 mu* rgi1 old kemny1 h>d drgak1 preci\s /one bnya1 m9e utcza1 /reet ,h5rik1 ,h5ry nmet1 ,g]man csszr1 emp]or ,g]gely1 ,gregory rmai1 ,roman ppa1 pope kortrs1 contempor>y enym1 m9e btya1 eld] bro!r m9dig1 always boldog1 happy it?on1 at home 7"h7 leszek1 ,i %all be ,,footnotes3 #d kt1 if foll[$ by a sub/antive1 & kett1 if /&+ by itself3 kt emb]1 two m52 on ! "q1 ,h[ _m8 kett4 #e ,:5 ord9als =m "p ( a title1 !y prec$e ! "n4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,! ,,pron\n #a4 ,p]sonal ,pron\ns4 ,nom9ative4 n1 ,i mi1 we te1 ?\ ti1 y 1 he or %e k1 !y ,dative4 nekem1 to or = me neknk1 to or = u nek$1 0 !e nektek1 0 y neki1 0 him or h] nekik1 0 !m ,accusative4 engem1 me m9ket or b5nnket1 u tg$1 !e titeket or b5neteket1 y t1 him or h] ket1 !m ,! ,possessive ,pron\n4 7a7 ,:]e ! object possess$ is a s+le object4 enym1 m9e mi5k1 ours ti$1 ?9e tietek1 y\rs v1 8 or h]s vk1 !irs 7b7 ,:]e m objects ?an "o are possess$4 enyim1 m9e mie9k1 ours tieid1 ?9e tieitek1 y\rs vi1 8 or h]s vik1 !irs ,?is pron\n is n us$ attributively1 l ! ,engli% my1 ?y1 c41 b pr$icatively1 l m9e1 ?9e1 c4 ,ez a knyv az enym1 a msik a ti$1 ?is book is m9e1 ! o!r is y\rs4 ,ezek a knyvek az enyim1 ^! books are m9e4 ,! =ce ( ! ,engli% my1 ?y1 c41 is usually giv5 by ! p]sonal end+s1 z expla9$ 9 ,*apt] ,,iv43 z1 = in/ance1 a kalap-om1 my hat2 az aty-d1 ?y fa!r4 ,b if /ress is laid on ! fact t an object is m9e1 ?9e1 c41 !n ! simple pron\n n1 te1 c41 is plac$ be=e ! sub/antive1 :i* takes 9 addition ! p]sonal end+s4 ,ez az n kalap-om1 ?is is my hat4 ,a magasabbik az n hz-am1 a kisebbik az v1 ! tall] is my h\se1 ! small] is 84 ,z !re is no v]b 8to h0 9 ,hung>ian1 ! ^w van 7vannak1 c47 is (t5 us$ ) nekem1 nek$1 c41 to express possession 7see page #aa71 ! object possess$ tak+ ! p]sonal end+s4 ,nekem van toll-am1 ,i h a p54 ,nek$ van k]t-ed1 ?\ ha/ a g>d54 #b4 ,reflexive ,pron\ns4 magam1 myself magunk1 ourselves magad1 ?yself magatok1 y\rselves maga1 himself or h]self maguk1 !mselves ,^! pron\ns are inflect$ l sub/antives4 ,!y are sometimes us$ z equival5t to my own1 ?y own1 c41 z1 magam knyve1 my own book2 magad knyve1 ?y own book1 c4 ,! object possess$1 9 su* cases1 always takes ! ?ird p]son s+ul> p]sonal end+1 because magam knyve1 magad knyve1 c41 /rictly means my self's book1 ?y self's book1 c4 ,! reflexive pron\ns may take ! possessive suffix -2 z1 a magam-1 m9e4 ,sometimes ^! pron\ns are us$ to express solitude2 z1 magam vagyok1 ,i am alone4 ,egyms is a ,reciprocal ,pron\n "o ano!r1 ea* o!r4 ,sz]etik egym/1 !y l "o ano!r4 ,levelet irtak egymsnak1 !y wrote a lett] to "o ano!r4 ,! ,use ( ! ,second ,p]son4 ,9 ,hung>ian1 :5 speak+ to "o or m p]sons1 ! second p]son is only us$ among memb]s ( ! same family or by intimate fri5ds1 or else 9 poetry4 ,9 address+ /rang]s1 in/ead ( te1 nek$1 c41 "o mu/ use n or maga1 maga be+ r less =mal ?an n4 ,nom9ative4 ,dative4 ,accusative4 ,s+43 n nnek nt ,plural3 nk nknek nket ,s+43 maga magnak magt ,plural3 maguk maguknak magukat ,^! are all 9 ! ?ird p]son1 & take ! v]b 9 ! ?ird p]son1 e4g4 n elmegy1 y are go+ away4 ,simil>ly ! words nagysgod1 sir or madam2 nagysd1 madam2 mltsgod1 nagymltsgod1 y\r excell5cy1 :ile =mally 9 ! second p]son1 always takes ! v]b 9 ! ?ird p]son1 e4g4 nagymltsgod tudja1 y\r excell5cy kn[s4 kegy$ 7kegyetek1 c47 resembles n1 b is becom+ old-fa%ion$4 #c4 ,relative ,pron\ns4 ki1 aki1 :o 7only = p]sons74 mely1 amely1 :i* 7= ?+s det]m9ate74 mi1 ami1 :i* 7= ?+s indet]m9ate1 & :5 ! pron\n relates to an ab/ract idea or a prec$+ phrase74 ,^! pron\ns are inflect$ l sub/antives4 #d4 ,int]rogative ,pron\ns4 ki8 kicsoda8 :o8 mi8 micsoda8 :at8 7= ?+s74 melyik8 :i*8 7= p]sons or ?+s74 mily58 m98 milyfle8 :at k9d8 #e4 ,demon/rative ,pron\ns4 ez1 ?is az1#f t emez1 ?is amaz1 t ugyanez1 ?is same ugyanaz1 t same ez51 ?is azon1 t ugyanez51 ?is same ugyanazon1 t same ily1 ily51 su* z ?is oly1 olyan1 su* z t emily1 emily51 0 0 amoly1 amolyan1 0 0 emez1 amaz1 ez51 azon1 ugyanez5 & ugyanazon1 are r>ely us$4 ez51 azon1 /& be=e ! sub/antive )\t ! article1 :ile ez & az are always foll[$ by ! article4 ,also1 :ile ez & az are inflect$ l sub/antives1 ez5 & azon are incapable ( inflection4 ,be=e suffixes beg9n+ ) a consonant1 ez & az *ange _! f9al z into ! fir/ lett] ( su* suffix2 ?us-- in/ead ( az-nak we h annak4 0 az-ba 0 abba4 0 az-ra 0 arra1 c4 ,! suffixes -val1 -vel1 -v1 -v1 usually *ange _! v into a lett] l ! f9al consonant ( ! ^w to :i* !y are jo9$4 ,:51 h[ev]1 !y are comb9$ ) ez1 az1 ei!r ! v may *ange to z1 or ! z ( ! demon/rative to v4 ,x is equally correct to write ezzel or evvel1 azzal or avval4 ,^! demon/ratives may be us$ bo? z pron\ns & z adjectives4 #f4 ,def9ite ,pron\ns4 m9d5ki1 ev]ybody egyik1 "o 7( m7 s5ki1 nobody msik1 ! o!r kiki1 ea* "o semmi1 no?+ m9d5ik1 all 7( p]sons7 m9d1 all 7( p]sons or ?+s7 m9dnyjan1 all 0 m9d51 all 0 0 #g4 ,indef9ite ,pron\ns4 valaki1 somebody akrmi1 any?+ valami1 some?+ nmelyik1 "s akrki1 anyone valamelyik1 "o 7( !m7 ,,ex]cise ,,viii4 ,ti mr egszsgesek vagytok1 de k mg betegek4 ,csak nek$ mondom meg a titkot4 ,holnap dlutn vrlak4 ,tg$ is krtelek1 ,f]5czet is4 ,a tietek ez a kocsi8 ,nem a mi5k1 hanem b>tunk4 ,a rt5 sok tehn van1 az enyim m9d fehrek1 az vik m9d feketk4 rpd1 aki ,magy>orszgot elfoglalta1 nagy hs volt4 ,a knyvtr amelyb5 dolgozom1 cs5des4 ,gza s ,bla ism]ik egym/4 ,sz]5cst kivnok nnek4 ,?is book is n m9e b y\rs4 ,my g>d5 is n s pretty z !irs4 ,i h a pretty g>d54 ,ilona & h] "m (t5 write lett]s to ea* o!r4 ,ev]ybody likes ,ilona4 ,tell me :at 7ami7 is true4 mr1 already egszsges1 heal?y1 well mg1 /ill beteg1 ill mondani1 to tell titok1 a secret holnap1 to-morr[ dlutn1 aft]noon vrlak1 ,i wait = !e krtelek1 ,i ask$ !e is1 also kocsi1 coa* hanem1 b rt1 mead[ fekete1 black ,magy>orszg1 ,hung>y elfoglalni1 to occupy1 to take hs1 h]o dolgozni1 to "w cs5des1 quiet1 /ill ism]ni1 to "k sz]5cse1 good luck kivnni1 to wi% ,,footnotes3 #f ,az1 demon/rative1 mu/ be di/+ui%$ f az1 ! article4 ,! demon/rative always /&s be=e ! article1 & x is capable ( inflection1 :ile ! article is n4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,! ,,v]b ,!re are two ,conjugations4 ,!y are call$ 9 ,hung>ian ! ikes 7pron\nc$ ik-a%71 hav+ ik1 & ! iktel51 )\t ik1 conjugations1 because v]bs belong+ to ! ikes conjugation h ! t]m9ation ik 9 ! ?ird p]son s+ul> pres5t indicative1 :ile ^? belong+ to ! iktel5 conjugation h n4 ,e ,hung>ian diction>y puts 7ik7 aft] ikes v]bs1 to %[ t !y belong to ! ikes conjugation2 ?us1 dolgozni 7ik74 ,v]bs n s di/+ui%$ belong to ! iktel5 conjugation4 ,! ,hung>ian v]b has only "o difficulty1 & :5 ! /ud5t has ma/]$ t he w h v little tr\ble4 ,e transitive v]b has two =ms1 call$ ! def9ite & ! indef9ite =ms1 accord+ to :e!r ! object is det]m9ate1 or m or less indef9ite4 ,i am writ+ ?is lett]1 ezt a levelet irom4 ,i am writ+ lett]s1 leveleket irok4 ,irom is ! def9ite =m1 because ! object is a cle>ly m>k$-out "o4 ,irok is ! indef9ite =m1 because ! object is n s cle>ly m>k$ out4 ,! def9ite =m is us$ :5 ! object gov]n$ by ! transitive v]b is a c]ta9 det]m9ate object4 ,= example3-- #a4 ,:5 ! sub/antive is a prop] n\n4 ,pt]t vrom1 ,i am expect+ ,pet]4 #b4 ,:5 ! article az or a prec$es ! sub/antive4 ,a levelet irom1 ,i am writ+ ! lett]4 #c4 ,:5 ! sub/antive is us$ ) a p]sonal suffix4 ,hzamat eladom1 ,i am sell+ my h\se4 #d4 ,:5 ! object ( ! s5t5ce is a demon/rative pron\n1 ! ?ird p]sonal pron\n1 or ! reflexive pron\n1 magam1 c4 ,azt ltom1 ,i see t4 t hvom1 ,i am call+ him4 ,nem hallom magamat1 ,i d n he> myself4 ,! indef9ite =m is us$ :5 ! object is less det]m9ate4 ,sok levelet irok1 ,i am writ+ sev]al lett]s4 ,emb]t ltok1 ,i see a man4 ,x is us$ ev5 :5 ! sub/antive is prec$$ by a c>d9al num]al4 ,nyolcz emb]t ltok1 ,i see eight m54 ,b if1 by a demon/rative1 or by ! article alone1 we po9t to "s p>ticul> man or m51 we mu/ use ! def9ite =m4 ,ezt az emb]t ltom1 ,i see ?is man4 ,a nyolcz emb]t ltom1 ,i see ! eight m54 ,! indef9ite is us$ :5 ! object is an inf9itive v]b 7su* v]b itself hav+ no fur!r object71 or a relative pron\n4 ,sz]etek dolgozni1 ,i l to "w4 ,a levelek1 amelyeket irok1 ! lett]s :i* ,i write4 ,az emb]ek1 akiket ltok1 ! m5 :om ,i see4 ,note4--,intransitive v]bs naturally h b "o =m1 ! indef9ite--e4g4 jrok1 ,i walk4 ,,iktel5 ,,v]bs4 ,example4--,vgni1 to cut4 ,indicative4 ,indef9ite ,=m4 ,def9ite ,=m4 ,pres5t4 vg-ok1 ,i cut vg-om1 ,i cut 7x7 vg-sz1 ?\ cutte/ vg-od1 ?\ cutte/ 7x7 vg1 he cuts vg-ja1 he cuts 7x7 vg-unk1 we cut vg-juk1 we cut 7x7 vg-tok1 y cut vg-jtok1 y cut 7x7 vg-nak1 !y cut vg-jk1 !y cut 7x7 ,imp]fect4 vg-k1 ,i 0 cutt+ vg-m1 ,i 0 cutt+ 7x7 vg-l1 ?\ wa/ cutt+ vg-d1 ?\ wa/ cutt+ 7x7 vg-a1 he 0 cutt+ vg-1 he 0 cutt+ 7x7 vg-nk1 we 7 cutt+ vg-k1 we 7 cutt+ 7x7 vg-tok1 y 7 cutt+ vg-tok1 y 7 cutt+ 7x7 vg-nak1 !y 7 cutt+ vg-k1 !y 7 cutt+ 7x7 ,n4,b4--,?is t5se is obsolete2 see page #df4 ,pa/4 vg-tam1 ,i h cut vg-tam1 ,i h cut 7x7 vg-tl1 ?\ ha/ cut vg-tad1 ?\ ha/ cut 7x7 vg-7o7t7t7#g1 he has cut vg-ta1 he has cut 7x7 vg-tunk1 we h cut vg-tuk1 we h cut 7x7 vg-tatok1 y h cut vg-ttok1 y h cut 7x7 vg-tak1 !y h cut vg-tk1 !y h cut 7x7 ,plup]fect4 ,?is is ! same z ! pa/ t5se1 foll[$ by volt4 vg-tam volt1 ,i _h cut4 vg-tl volt1 ?\ had/ cut1 c4 ,future4 fogok vgni1 ,i %all cut fogom vgni1 ,i %all cut 7x7 fogsz 0 ?\ wilt cut fogod 0 ?\ wilt cut 7x7 fog 0 he w cut fogja 0 he w cut 7x7 fogunk 0 we %all cut fogjuk 0 we %all cut 7x7 fogtok 0 y w cut fogjtok 0 y w cut 7x7 fognak 0 !y w cut fogjk 0 !y w cut 7x7 ,imp]ative4 vg-j1 d ?\ cut vg-d1 cut ?\ 7x7 vg-jon1 let him cut vag-ja1 let him cut 7x7 vg-junk1 let u cut vg-juk1 let u cut 7x7 vg-jatok1 cut y vg-jtok1 cut y 7x7 vg-janak1 let !m cut vg-jk1 let !m cut 7x7 ,subjunctive4 7hogy-7 7t7 7hogy-7 7t7 vg-jk1 ,i may or might cut vg-jam1 ,i may or might cut vag-j1 ?\ maye/ or vg-d1 7x71 c4 vg-jon mighte/ cut1 c4 vg-ja vg-junk vg-juk vg-jatok vg-jtok vg-janak vg-jk ,conditional4 ,pres5t4 vg-nk1 ,i %\ld cut vg-nm1 ,i %\ld cut 7x7 vg-nl1 ?\ %\ld/ cut vg-nd1 ?\ %\ld/ cut 7x7 vg-na1 he %\ld cut vg-n1 he %\ld cut 7x7 vg-nnk1 we %\ld cut vg-nk1 we %\ld cut 7x7 vg-ntok1 y %\ld cut vg-ntok1 y %\ld cut 7x7 vg-nnak1 !y %\ld cut vg-nk1 !y %\ld cut 7x7 ,pa/4 ,?is is =m$ f ! pa/ indicative1 ) volna4 vg-tam volna1 ,i %\ld h cut4 vg-tl volna1 ?\ %\ld/ h cut1 c4 ,inf9itive4 vg-ni1 to cut4 ,) ! p]sonal suffixes 7see pages #ei & #fj73-- ,s+43 vg-nom1 vg-nod1 vg-nia4 ,plural3 vg-nunk1 vg-notok1 vg-niok4 ,p>ticiples4 ,pres5t3 vg-1 cutt+4 ,pa/3 vg-ott1 cut4 ,future3 vg-&1 to be cut4 ,adv]bial ,p>ticiples3 vg-va1 vg-vn4 ,notes on above example4 ,all regul> iktel5 v]bs ^: v[els are flats 7see page #b7 are conjugat$ l vgni4 ,imp]fect ,indicative4--,?is t5se is nev] us$ n[ 9 prose1 ?\gh x 0 s us$ =m]ly4 ,x is occasionally to be met ) 9 poetry4 ,pa/ ,indicative4--,?is is equival5t to bo? ! p]fect & ! pret]ite 9 ,engli%4 ,?us1 vgtam means bo? 8,i h cut10 & 8,i cut40 ,future ,indicative4--,in/ead ( fogok 7,i w71 ) ! inf9itive1 x is cu/om>y to use ! pres5t indicative ) "s adv]b indicat+ futurity4 ,?us in/ead ( holnap fogom vgni a tzel ft1 x w\ld be bett] to say holnap vgom a tzel ft1 to-morr[ ,i 7%all7 cut ! firewood4 ,ham> elmegyek1 ,i 7%all7 g soon4 ,!re is no =m ( future p]fect n[ 9 use4 ,its place is tak5 by ei!r ! pres5t or ! pa/ t5se1 toge!r ) "s adv]b indicat+ futurity4 ,i %all h f9i%$ soon nemsokra bevgzem 7lit]ally1 soon ,i f9i%74 ,i %all soon h writt5 ! lett] ham> megirtam a levelet 7lit]ally1 soon ,i h writt5 ! lett]74 ,note4--,! p>ticle meg1 9 ?is in/ance prefix$ to irtam1 /rongly emphasises ! completion ( an act4 ,x occurs along ) v _m v]bs1 & always has ?is =ce4 ,sometimes x is prefix$ to ! v]b1 & sometimes x foll[s sep>ately4 ,sokat irtam a feladatbl de mg nem irtam meg1 ,i h writt5 mu* ( ! task1 b ,i h n yet f9i%$ writ+4 ,?is meg 7:i* mu/ n be confus$ ) ! adv]b mg z yet7 has no equival5t 9 ,engli%4 ,subjunctive ,mood4--,a pa/ t5se ( ! subjunctive 0 =m]ly 9 use1 =m$ f ! pa/ indicative foll[$ by legy51 e4g4 hogy vgtam legy54 ,?is is nev] us$ n[1 its place be+ tak5 by ! pres5t subjunctive4 ,conditional ,mood4--,! pres5t t5se is id5tical ) ! ,imp]ative4 ,inf9itive4--,! use ( ! inf9itive ) p]sonal suffixes w be expla9$ 9 ! p>agraph relat+ to ! v]b kell5i 7page #ei74 ,p>ticiples4--,examples3-- ,pres5t3 ,az ir emb]1 ! writ+ man4 ,pa/3 ,az irott knyv1 ! writt5 book4 ,future3 ,az ir& levl1 ! lett] to be writt54 ,adv]bial3 -va or -ve4 ,a hegy5 llva1 beszlt1 /&+ on ! hill1 he spoke4 ,a hz fel van pitve1 ! h\se is built4 -vn or -vn4 ,a munkt elvgezvn1 haza m5t1 hav+ f9i%$ ! "w1 he w5t home4 ,a lrmt hallvn1 az udv>ra sietett1 he>+ ! noise1 he ha/5$ to ! c\rty>d4 -vn1 -vn1 is us$ m frequ5tly ?an -va1 -ve1 b only 9 cases simil> to ! above examples1 :]e "o clause is dep5d5t on ano!r4 ,,v]bs ,,) ,,%>p ,,v[els4 ,! rules ( euphony :i* regulate n\ns & _! suffixes 7see page #b71 apply also to v]bs & _! end+s4 ,h5ce1 :ile vgni1 a 8flat0 ^w1 gives vgok1 vgom1 c41 8%>p0 words l v]ni 7to beat71 trni 7to break71 give v]ek1 v]em1 c41 trk1 trm1 c4 ,pres5t ,indicative4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 v]-ek v]-em tr-k tr-m v]-sz v]-ed tr-sz tr-d v] v]-i#h tr tr-i#h v]-nk v]-jk tr-nk tr-jk v]-tek v]-itek tr-tk tr-itek v]-nek v]-ik#h tr-nek tr-ik#h ,pa/ ,indicative4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 v]-tem v]-tem tr-tem tr-tem v]-tl v]-t$ tr-tl tr-t$ v]-t v]-te tr-t tr-te v]-tnk v]-tk tr-tnk tr-tk v]-tetek v]-ttek tr-tetek tr-ttek v]-tek v]-tk tr-tek tr-tk ,9 ?is t5se1 z 9 ! o!r t5ses & moods1 ^! v]bs resemble vgni1 except t z ! v[el ( ! /em is a 8%>p10 ! v[el ( ! end+ mu/ also be a %>p4 ,,ikes ,,v]bs ,_m ikes v]bs are transitive1 & su* v]bs1 l ^? ( ! iktel5 conjugation1 h bo? ! def9ite & indef9ite =ms4 ,! def9ite =m ( ! ikes v]bs is exactly ! same z t ( ! iktel5 v]bs4 lak-om1 ,i inhabit lak-od1 ?\ inhabite/ lak-ja1 he inhabits lak-juk1 we inhabit lak-jtok1 y inhabit lak-jk1 !y inhabit ,x is 9 ! indef9ite =m t ikes v]bs diff] f iktel5 v]bs4 ,examples4 lakni1 to dwell vtkezni1 to s9 tkzni1 to enc\nt] ,indicative4 ,pres5t4 lak-om vtkez-em tkz-m lak-ol vtkez-el tkz-l lak-ik vtkez-ik tkz-ik lak-unk vtkez-nk tkz-nk lak-tok vtkez-tek tkz-tk lak-nak vtkez-nek tkz-nek ,! imp]fect indicative is nev] us$4 ,! pa/1 plup]fect1 & future t5ses are ! same z 9 ! indef9ite =m ( ! iktel5 v]bs4 ,imp]ative & ,subjunctive4 lak-jam vtkez-zem tkz-zem lak-jl vtkez-zl tkz-zl lak-jk vtkez-zk tkz-zk lak-junk vtkez-znk tkz-znk lak-jatok vtkez-zetek tkz-zetek lak-janak vtkez-z5ek tkz-z5ek ,conditional4 lak-nm vtkez-nm tkz-nm lak-nl vtkez-nl tkz-nl lak-nk vtkez-nk tkz-nk lak-nnk vtkez-nnk tkz-nnk lak-ntok vtkez-ntek tkz-ntek lak-nnak vtkez-nnek tkz-nnek ,inf9itive4 lak-ni vtkez-ni tkz-ni :i* take p]sonal suffixes l ^? ( ! iktel5 v]bs4 ,p>ticiples4 lak- vtkez- tkz- lak-ott vtkez-ett tkz-tt lak-& vtkez-end tkz-end lak-va vtkez-ve tkz-ve lak-vn vtkez-vn tkz-vn ,x w be notic$ t x is only 9 ! s+ul> numb] t ! indef9ite =m ( ! ikes v]bs diff]s f t ( ! iktel5 v]bs2 ! fir/ p]son always end+ 9 m 7?us resembl+ ! def9ite =m71 & ! second p]son 9 l1 :ile ! ?ird p]son pres5t indicative ends 9 ik4 ,,notes ,,on ,,! ,,v]b ,,9 ,,g5]al4 ,! ,passive ,voice4 -- ,!re is 9 ,hung>ian no passive voice1 al?\gh c]ta9 gramm>ians attempt$ to introduce "o4 ,! only p>ts ( ! v]b :i* h a passive significance are ! pa/ & future p>ticiples4 ,:]e1 9 ,engli%1 we %\ld say1 8,i am lov$10 9 ,hung>ian x is necess>y to say 8sz]etnek engem0 7!y love me71 or 8valaki sz]et engem0 7"o loves me74 ,con/ruction ( ,fir/ ,p]son4--,if ! fir/ p]son acts on ! second p]son1 ! di/+ui%+ t]m9ation ( ! v]b w be1 9 all moods & t5ses1 -lak 7= flat words71 or -lek 7= %>p words74 ,:]eas 8,i see ! dog0 w\ld be lt-om a kutyt1 8,i see !e0 is lt-lak2 8,i saw !e10 ltta-lak2 8,i love !e10 sz]et-lek4 ,v]bs end+ ) s1 sz1 or z1 d\ble _! f9al lett] in/ead ( tak+ a j 9 ! imp]ative & subjunctive moods2 also 9 ! pres5t indicative1 def9ite =m4 hoz-zak1 n hoz-jak hoz-za1 0 hoz-ja1 c4 ,v]bs end+ 9 t1 prec$$ by i or a liquid consonant1 take1 9 ! imp]ative & subjunctive moods1 an s in/ead ( a j2 z gyjt5i1 to collect3-- gyjtsek1 n gyjtjek gyjts1 0 gyjtj gyjtsn1 0 gyjtjn ,b 9 ! pres5t indicative ^! v]bs reta9 ! j4 ,v]bs end+ 9 t prec$$ by a v[el o!r ?an i1 & all causal v]bs1 *ange _! f9al t into s 9 ! imp]ative & subjunctive pres5t t5se1 e4g4 ltni1 to see4 lss1 n ltj4 ,9 v]bs end+ 9 t1 prec$$ by sz1 ! f9al t is dropp$ 9 ! imp]ative & subjunctive1 & sz is d\bl$1 e4g4 veszt-eni1 to lose4 vessz1 n vesztj4 ,! ,inf9itive ,end+4--,if a v]b ends 9 a d\ble consonant1 or a s+le h>d consonant1 t w\ld n admit an easy pronunciation ( ! usual inf9itive end+ -ni1 ?is end+ is jo9$ to ! /em by means ( ! v[el a or e4 hall-a-ni 7to he>71 in/ead ( hall-ni4 tanit-a-ni 7to tea*7 0 tanit-ni4 ,9 ! case ( su* v]bs1 all inflections beg9n+ ) a consonant are jo9$ to ! v]b by means ( a v[el2 e4g4 hall-o-tt1 n hall-t4 ,! end+ t 9 su* cases is always d\bl$4 ,comp\nd ,v]bs4--,hung>ian ab\nds ) comp\nd v]bs1 z well z ) comp\nd words 9 g5]al4 ,!y are made by prefix+ to ! v]b adv]bs1 po/positions1 or affixes = place & direction1 :i* modify ! action express$ by ! v]b accord+ly2 z1 v5ni1 to take2 el-v5ni1 to take away2 fl-v5ni1 to take up2 le-v5ni1 to take d[n4 ,! v]b is inflect$ 9 ! same mann] z :5 x /&s by itself4 ,note4--,^! p>ticles or adv]bs c also be writt5 sep>ately2 z1 el ak>ta v5ni1 he wi%$ to take x away4 ,?is con/ruction is always us$ :5 ! v]b conta9+ ! affix is dep5d5t ^u "s o!r v]b4 ,also1 if ! v]b is modifi$ by "s adv]b 9 su* a way t ! /ress is on ! adv]b r ?an on ! v]b1 ! affix is writt5 sep>ately4 ,nemsok>a elmegyek1 ,i %all g out soon2 b ma megyek el1 to-day ,i %all g out4 ,=mation ( ,new ,v]bal ,roots4--,! ,hung>ian language =ms new v]bal roots by means ( ! addition ( "o or m syllables4 #a4 ,factitive4--at1 et1 tat1 tet1 to cause to d some?+4 ir-ni1 to write2 ir-at-ni1 to cause to write4 olvas-ni1 to read2 olvas-tat-ni1 to cause to read4 ,! object influ5c$ usually takes ! suffix -val or -vel4 ,a tanit a fiu-val ir-at-ja a leveleket1 ! tea*] makes ! boy write ! lett]s4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 x is put 9 ! accusative4 ,vr-at-om az inas-t1 ,i make ! footman wait4 #b4 ,frequ5tative4--ogat2 indicates a repetition ( ! action4 ir-ok1 ,i write2 ir-ogat-ok1 ,i keep on tak+ up my p54 #c4 ,dim9utive4--kl1 or gl1 gl4 ir1 he writes2 ir-kl1 he is scribbl+4 nevet1 he laughs2 nevet-gl1 he giggles4 #d4 ,pot5tial4--hat2 indicates p]mission or p[] to d some?+4 ir-hat-ok1 ,i may write4 ,note4--8,i c write10 9 ! s5se ( 8,i h ! ability to write10 w\ld be tudok irni4 ,m ?an "o ( ^! syllables may be add$ to ! orig9al root4 ir-at-hat-ok1 ,i am able to make 7"s "o7 write4 ,,irregul> ,,v]bs ,! mo/ important is l5ni1 to be4 ,indicative4 ,pres5t4 ,pa/4 vagyok1 ,i am voltam1 ,i 0 vagy1 ?\ art voltl1 ?\ wa/ van1 he is volt1 he 0 vagyunk1 we are voltunk1 we 7 vagytok1 y are voltatok1 y 7 vannak1 !y are voltak1 !y 7 ,note4--,! imp]fect1 valk1 vall1 vala1 valnk1 valtok1 valnak1 is nev] us$ n[1 & is only met ) 9 old books1 p>ticul>ly 9 ! ,bible4 ,plup]fect4 ,future4 voltam vala1 ,i _h be5 leszek1 ,i %all be voltl 0 ?\ had/ be5 lssz1 ?\ wilt be volt 0 he _h be5 lesz1 he w be voltunk 0 we _h be5 lesznk1 we %all be voltatok 0 y _h be5 lesztek1 y w be voltak 0 !y _h be5 lesznek1 !y w be ,imp]ative4 lgy1 be ?\ legy51 let him be legynk1 let u be legyetek1 be y legy5ek1 let !m be ,subjunctive4 ,pres5t4 ,pa/4 7hogy7 7hogy7 legyek1 t ,i %all be voltam legyn1 t ,i h be5 lgy1 t ?\ %alt be voltl 0 t ?\ ha/ be5 legy51 t he %all be volt 0 t he has be5 legynk1 t we %all be voltunk 0 t we h be5 legyetek1 t y %all be voltatok 0 t y h be5 legy5ek1 t !y %all be voltak 0 t !y h be5 ,conditional4 ,pres5t4 ,pa/4 volnk1 ,i %\ld be voltam volna1 ,i %\ld h be5 volnl1 ?\ w\ld/ be voltl 0 ?\ w\ld/ h be5 volna1 he w\ld be volt 0 he w\ld h be5 volnnk1 we %\ld be voltunk 0 we %\ld h be5 volntok1 y w\ld be voltatok 0 y w\ld h be5 volnnak1 !y w\ld be voltak 0 !y w\ld h be5 ,inf9itive4 l5ni1 to be4 ,) ! p]sonal suffixes4 l5nem1 l5n$1 l5nie l5nnk1 l5netek1 l5nik ,p>ticiples4 ,pres5t4 val1 lev1 lv ,pa/4 volt ,future4 le5d ,adv]bial ,p>ticiples4 levn1 be+1 hav+ be54 h9ni1 to believe4 ,indicative4 ,pres5t4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 hiszek1 ,i believe hiszem1 ,i believe 7x7 hiszesz1 ?\ believe/ hisz$1 ?\ believe/ 7x7 hisz1 he believes hiszi1 he believes 7x7 hisznk1 we believe hisszk1 we believe 7x7 hisztek1 y believe hiszitek1 y believe 7x7 hisznek1 !y believe hiszik1 !y believe 7x7 ,pa/4 hittem1 ,i believ$1 c4 hittem1 ,i believ$ 7x71 c4 hittl hitt$ hitt hitte hittnk hittk hittetek hitttek hittek hittk ,future4 fogok h9ni1 c4 fogom h9ni1 c4 ,imp]ative & ,subjunctive4 ,pres5t4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 higyjek higyjem higyj higyj$ higyj5 higyje higyjnk higyjk higyjetek higyjtek higyj5ek higyjk ,pa/4 hittem lgy5 hittem lgy5 hittl 0 c4 hitt$ 0 c4 ,conditional4 ,pres5t4 h9nk1 c4 h9nm1 c4 ,pa/4 hittem volna hittem volna hittl 0 c4 hitt$ 0 c4 ,inf9itive4 h9ni4 ,) p]sonal suffixes4 h9nem1 h9n$1 h9nie h9nnk1 h9netek1 h9nik ,p>ticiples4 ,pres5t4 hiv ,pa/4 hitt ,future4 hi5d ,adv]bial ,p>ticiples4 hive hvn enni1 to eat4 ,indicative4 ,pres5t4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 eszem eszem eszel esz$ eszik1 c4 eszi1 c4 ,pa/4 ettem ettem ettl ett$ evett ette1 c4 ettnk1 c4 ,imp]ative & ,subjunctive4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 egyem egyem egyl edd egyk1 c4 egye1 c4 ,conditional4 ,indef9ite4 ,def9ite4 ennm ennm ennl ennd ennk1 c4 enn1 c4 ,p>ticiples4 ,pres5t4 ev ,pa/4 evett ,future4 ev5d or e5d inni1 to dr9k1 resembles enni4 ,indicative4 ,indicative4 ,imp]ative ,conditional4 ,pres5t4 ,pa/4 & ,subjunctive4 ,p>ticiples4 aludni alszom aludtam aludjam aludnm alv 7ik71 alszol aludtl aludjl aludnl to sleep alszik1 aludt1 aludjk1 aludnk1 c4 c4 c4 c4 fekdni fekszem1 fekdtem1 fekdjem1 fekdnm1 fekv 7ik71 c4 c4 c4 c4 to lie d[n h>agudni h>agszom1 h>agudtam1 h>agudjam1 h>agudnm1 h>agv 7ik71 c4 c4 c4 c4 to be angry jnni1 jvk jttem jjjek jnnk1 jv to come jsz jttl1 jjj c4 jtt jn c4 jjjn jv5d jvnk jjjnk or jttk j]nk jnnek jjjetek or j]tek jjj5ek m5ni1 megyek m5tem m5jek m5nk1 m5 to g msz m5tl1 m5j c4 megy c4 m5j51 megynk c4 m5tek m5nek t5ni1 teszek or tettem tegyek or t5nk or tev to d teszem tegyem t5nm tett te5d v5ni1 to buy v9ni1 to c>ry l t5ni ?r\gh\t ,,imp]sonal ,,v]bs esik1 x ra9s4 villmlik1 x light5s4 drg1 x ?und]s4 havazik1 x sn[s4 ,"s imp]sonal v]bs require to be con/ruct$ ) ei!r a dative or an accusative4 illik nekem1 x is becom+ = me4 engem illet1 x conc]ns me4 ,among imp]sonal v]bs may be reckon$ ! v]b kell5i1 to be necess>y4 ,?is v]b ne$ n be us$ imp]sonally4 ,?us1 a p]son may say kellek1 ,i am ne$$1 b its mo/ frequ5t use is an imp]sonal "o4 kell1 x is necess>y2 7or1 kellett1 x 0 necess>y1 fog kell5i1 kell5e1 c47 is con/ruct$ ei!r ) ! simple inf9itive1 or ) ! inf9itive ) p]sonal end+s4 ,?us1 "o may say-- nekem kell irni or kell irnom1 ,i mu/ write4 nek$ kell irni or kell irnod1 ?\ mu/ write1 c4 ,if ! speak] is m]ely ?9k+ ( ! necessity ( "s action1 )\t ref]r+ x to any p>ticul> p]son1 ! inf9itive ) kell is alone us$4 ,vigyzni kell1 "o mu/ be c>eful4 ,levelet kell irni1 a lett] mu/ be writt54 ,if ! action is ref]r$ to "s p]son1 x is bett] to use ! inf9itive ) p]sonal end+s1 ?an su* a con/ruction z nekem kell irni4 ,examples4 ,tanulnia fog kell5i1 he w h to le>n4 ,dolgozniok kell5e1 !y w\ld h to "w4 ,olvasnotok kellett1 y _h to read4 ,szabad 7x is p]mitt$71 & lehet 7x is possible71 take a simil> con/ruction4 ,szabad dohnyozni1 smok+ is all[$4 ,szabad dohnyoznom1 ,i may smoke4 ,nem lehet kt urnak szolglni1 "o _c s]ve two ma/]s4 ,nem lehet irnom1 ,i _c write4 ,,defective ,,v]bs 7#a7 ,n9cs or n9cs51 is n4 ,plural3 n9cs5ek1 are n4 ,atym n9cs itt1 my fa!r is n "h4 ,n9cs5ek itt a fiuk1 ! boys are n "h4 ,n9cs mu/ be translat$ by 8h0 or 8has0 :5 us$ ) a n\n or pron\n 9 ! g5itive case4 ,az atym-nak n9cs lova1 my fa!r has n a horse4 ,nekem n9cs1 ,i h n4 ,nek$ n9cs1 ?\ ha/ n1 c4 ,n9cs is a contraction ( nem 7n71 & van 7is74 7#b7 ,s9cs1 s9cs52 plural3 s9cs5ek1 are contractions ( sem 7nei!r71 & n9cs1 n9cs51 or n9cs5ek4 ,a btym n9cs it?on1 my eld] bro!r is n at home4 ,az atym s9cs1 nei!r is my fa!r4 7#c7 ,j] 7come ?\ along71 j]nk 7let u g71 j]tek 7come y along71 are ! only =ms ( ?is v]b4 ,,ex]cise ,,ix4 ,m9d5nap kt rt stlok4 ,msold le a kltemnyt a knyvbl4 ,ha tudnm1 hogy tallkozom vele1 vrnk4 ,a kt mvsz zongorzni s heg$lni fog4 ,krlek1 lj le4 lljatok fel1 gy]mekeim4 ,ksznjnk a v5dgeknek4 ,anym virgot hozat s koszort kttet belle4 ,tavaly kt lovunk volt1 a nyron ngy lesz4 ,i h writt5 a long lett] to my fa!r4 ,i told him :at 7amit7 y said to me4 ,he w be v angry1 b ,i hope soon to conciliate him4 ,come into ! g>d54 ,sit "h & dr9k a cup ( tea4 ,i w\ld read to y if y w\ld l x4 ,d n g out ( ! h\se4 ,i am go+ = a walk until f\r o'clock4 m9d5nap1 e day ra1 h\r stlni1 to walk lemsolni1 to copy kltemny1 poem tudni1 to "k hogy1 t tallkozni1 to meet vrni1 to wait = mvsz1 arti/ zongorzni1 to play ! piano heg$lni1 to play ! viol9 krni1 to ask lelni1 to sit d[n llni1 to /& gy]mek1 *ild ksznni1 to ?ank1 to greet v5dg1 gue/ hozni1 to br+ koszoru1 wrea? ktni1 to b9d tavaly1 la/ ye> nyr1 summ] hosszu1 long remlni1 to hope megbkt5i1 to conciliate cssze1 cup 7a cup ( tea1 acc4 cssze tet7 sz]etni1 to love1 to l ,,footnotes3 #g ,! regul> end+ is -t2 e4g4 vrni 7to wait =71 :i* makes vr-t2 b a connect+ v[el (t5 has to be us$1 & ! -t is !n d\bl$2 e4g4 ad-ni 7to give7 makes ad-ott4 #h ,note t ! ?ird p]son1 pres5t indicative1 s+ul> & plural1 ( %>p-s\nd+ v]bs takes -i1 -ik1 in/ead ( -ja1 -jk4 ,9 o!r t5ses1 h[ev]1 %>p v]bs resemble flat v]bs4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,adv]b #a4 ,adv]bs ( ,mann]4 ,^! are mo/ly d]iv$ f adjectives1 ) ! aid ( ! suffix -n1 -an1 -on1 -en1 -l or -l4 tiszta 7clean1 cle>71 adv]b1 tiszt-n szabad 7free7 0 szabad-on rvid 7%ort7 0 rvid-en rossz 7bad7 0 rossz-l ,! primitive adv]bs ( mann] are3-- gy1 ?us1 9 ?is way 7= ?+s ne>74 gy1 ?us1 9 t way 7= ?+s f>!r74 #b4 ,adv]bs ( ,"t4 ma1 to-day holnap1 to-morr[ tegnap1 ye/]day mo/1 n[ akkor1 !n mskor1 ano!r "t m9dig1 always soha1 nev] a mltban1 9 ! pa/ a jvb51 9 ! future ksn1 late korn1 e>ly mr1 already reggel1 9 ! morn+ nappal1 9 ! daytime e/e1 9 ! ev5+ jszaka1 9 ! night gyakran1 (t5 ritkn1 seldom idnknt1 f "t to "t addig1 until !n #c4 ,adv]bs ( ,place4 7a7 ,re/ at-- itt1 "h ott1 !re b51 9 bell1 inside kzel1 ne> messze1 f> tvol1 f> k9t1 or knn1 or kivl1 outside valahol1 some:]e m%ol1 else:]e m9d5hol1 ev]y:]e l5t1 d[n !re f5t1 up !re 7b7 ,motion t[>ds or f4 ide1 hi!r oda1 ?i!r fl or fel1 up le1 d[n addig1 z f> z !re be1 into ki1 out ( m%ova1 else:]e m9d5hova1 ev]y:]e eddig1 z f> z "h #d4 ,adv]bs ( ,degree4 kevss or kiss1 little4 inkbb or jobban1 m1 r4 leg9kbb1 mo/4 egsz5 or teljes51 :olly1 entirely4 nagyon1 v1 v mu*4 #e4 ,adv]bs ( ,int]rogation4 hogy8 h[8 mikor8 :58 hol8 :]e8 hova8 :i!r8 honnan8 :5ce8 mirt8 :y8 m$dig8 h[ f>8 or1 h[ long8 ,9 connection ) ^! adv]bs mu/ be m5tion$ ! int]rogative suffix -e1 :i* is jo9$ to words to m>k a "q2 z1 szp-e1 esik-e4 ,?is con/ruction is only us$1 h[ev]1 9 dep5d5t s5t5ces 7except 9 ! case ( ugy-e8 ,isn't x s874 ,mondd meg1 szp-e a knyv8 ,tell me1 is ! book pretty8 or1 ,tell me :e!r ! book is pretty4 ,nzd meg1 esik-e8 ,see if x is ra9+4 #f4 ,adv]bs ( ,affirmation4 ig51 yes aligha nem1 probably bizony1 v]ily igazn1 truly taln1 p]haps #g4 ,adv]bs ( ,negation4 nem1 no1 n ne1 n 79 comm&s7 sem1 nei!r semmi esetre1 9 no case aligha1 h>dly4 ,note4--,ne is only us$ ) ! imp]ative & subjunctive moods2 z1 ne mondd1 d n say2 hogy ne irjak1 t ,i may n write4 ,9 all o!r cases nem is us$4 ,! suffix -ig is us$ = bo? "t & place1 & has ! =ce ( until or z f> z4 tz r-ig1 until t5 o'clock1 tz p]cz-ig1 = t5 m9utes4 a kapu-ig1 z f> z ! gate4 a hatr-ig1 z f> z ! fronti]4 ,,comp>ison ,,( ,,adv]bs4 ,all adv]bs d]iv$ f adjectives =m _! comp>ative & sup]lative by add+ ! adv]bial end+ to ! comp>ative & sup]lative ( ! adjective f :i* !y are d]iv$3 z-- ,adjective3 szp1 szebb1 legszebb4 ,adv]b3 szp-en1 szebb-en1 legszebb-en4 ,adjective3 rossz1 rosszabb1 legrosszabb4 ,adv]b3 rossz-l1 rosszabb-l1 legrosszabb-l4 ,( primitive adv]bs1 "s take bo? a comp>ative & a sup]lative1 :ile "s are lack+ 9 ei!r "o or ! o!r4 tvol1 f>2 tvolabb1 legtvolabb erre1 ?is way2 errbb 7has no sup]lative7 arra1 t way2 arrbb 0 0 ell1 9 front2 legell1 =emo/ 7has no comp>ative7 bell1 )92 legbell1 inn]mo/ 0 0 ,inkbb has no positive1 b is us$ only 9 ! comp>ative & sup]lative1 9 bo? cases express+ pref]5ce4 inkbb1 soon]1 r2 leg9kbb1 soone/1 especially4 ,,ex]cise ,x4 ,ha magy>ul beszlsz1 tisztn mondj ki m9d5 hangot4 ,imre kirly nemes5 gyzte le ccst1 mikor ez lnokul tmadta meg4 8,jobb ma egy v]b1 m9t holnap egy tzok40 ,nagyon sajnlom1 hogy nk nem jhetnek el4 ,a d9nye bell piros1 kivl zld4 ,a hangv]s5y tiz5egy rig t>tott4 ,elkisrlek a s>okig4 ,sz]etnm tudni1 eljsz-e8 ,ne lrmzzatok6 ,a katonk kztt a huszrok lovagolnak legszebb54 ,sz5t ,lszl m9dig legell kzdtt a csatban4 ,i l read+ v mu*4 ,y h come v late4 ,i saw him ye/]day1 & hope to speak ) him aga9 to-morr[4 ,are y go+ f>8 ,z f> z ! bridge4 ,:5 did y buy t horse8 ,tell me if he is a good "o4 ,y walk mu* m quickly ?an y\r eld] bro!r4 ,i w\ld r eat a pe>4 magy>ul1 9 ,hung>ian beszlni1 to speak hang1 s\nd ,imre1 ,emm]ic nemes51 nobly legyzni1 to ov]come cs1 y\ng] bro!r lnokul1 trea*]\sly megtmadni1 to attack tuzok1 bu/>d sajnlni1 to regret d9nye1 melon hangv]s5y1 conc]t t>tani1 to la/ elkisrni1 to accompany s>ok1 corn] lrmzni1 to make a noise huszr1 huss> lovagolni1 to ride on horseback sz5t1 sa9t ,lszl1 ,ladislas kzd5i1 to fight csata1 battle ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,conjunctions 7,a47 ,,co-,,ord9at+4 #a4 ,copulative4 s#i1 & meg1 & is1 also ismt1 aga9 azaz1 t is vagyis1 t is to say azonkivl1 besides m9d--m9d1 bo?--& is--is1 bo?--& nemcsak--hanem is1 n only--b also aztn or azutn1 besides #b4 ,adv]sative 7contra/+74 de or hanem1 b mde1 b1 yet egybirnt1 yet1 /ill st1 on ! contr>y st mg is1 :at is m m9damellett1 nev]!less #c4 ,alt]native4 vagy1 or vagy--vagy1 ei!r--or akr--akr1 :e!r--or sem--sem1 nei!r--nor 7,b47 ,,subord9at+4 #a4 ,f9al 7purpose74 hogy1 t klnb5 or mskp1 le/ #b4 ,conditional4 ha1 if hogyha1 if hacsak1 if only ha csak nem1 unless1 if n fltve ha1 provid$ t1 suppos+ msknt1 if n1 o!rwise #c4 ,concessive4 br1 habr1 brha1 mbr1 noha1 ?\gh1 al?\gh4 #d4 ,causal4 m]t1 mivel1 mivelhogy1 because4 ht1 teht1 azrt1 consequ5tly1 !re=e4 m9?ogy1 z1 s9ce4 ,,footnotes3 #i s is frequ5tly abbreviat$ to s4 ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,int]jections lj56 hurrah6 ejnye6 ,i say6 bo!r6 lm6 or n9i6 !re6 look6 jaj6 oh6 7pleas$ or pa9$7 rajta6 =w>d6 bezzeg6 inde$6 csitt6 quiet6 no6 well6 come6 ,,ex]cise ,,xi4 ,az egri tkzetb5 nem a trkk gyztek1 hanem a magy>ok4 ,nemcsak lttam a kirlyt1 hanem beszlni is hallottam4 ,mtys kirly soha sem h>agudott az sz9te szrt1 st mg sz]ette is4 ,a magy>ok sem a lat9 sem a g]mn npekkel nem rokonok4 ,azrt jttem1 hogy l?assalak4 ,habr ks sz van1 a napok d]ltek4 ,a gazda rl m]t k]tjnek fi sok gymlcst hoztak4 ,jaj de hideg van6 8,oh1 ha ltn1 mily nyomorban lek0 7,petfi74 ,ejnye de szp lovak6 ,he is nei!r h&some nor clev]4 ,n only 7 !y n angry1 b !y 7 grateful4 ,if !y 7 ri* !y w\ld buy a h\se1 b s9ce !y are poor !y mu/ be cont5t z !y are4 ,pay at once1 o!rwise !re w be tr\ble4 ,?\gh y tell me ?is1 yet !re is /ill "s unc]ta9ty4 egri1 ( ,eg] 7a t[n 9 ,hung>y7 tkzet1 battle trk1 ,turk d]lt1 bright rlni1 to rejoice nyomor1 mis]y gyzni1 to be victori\s hallani1 to he> ,mtys1 ,mat?ias sz9te1 s9c]e np1 p rokon1 relative ks1 late sz1 autumn nap1 day lni1 to live okos1 clev] hls1 grateful megelg$ni1 to be cont5t fizetni1 to pay azonnal1 at once baj1 tr\ble nmi1 "s bizonytalansg1 unc]ta9ty ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,g5d] ,! ,hung>ian language has no grammatical g5d]4 ,names ( males are mascul9e1 & ^? ( females are fem99e4 ,to ! "n or title ( a man ! suffix -n is add$ to d5ote ! wife ( t p]son3 z1 ,dekn1 ! wife ( ,dek2 sz9szn1 ! wife ( an actor4 ,if ! lady 7 h]self an actress1 %e might be call$ sz9sz 7actor or actress72 b usually ! ^w n 7woman7 is jo9$ to x1 & to simil> words1 to d5ote t ! p]son spok5 ( is a woman2 z1 sz9szn1 actress4 ,if a ,*ri/ian "n is m5tion$ z well z ! surname1 ! end+ -n is add$1 n to ! surname1 b to ! ,*ri/ian "n4 ,?us1 ,mrs4 ,dri w\ld be ,dri-n1 b ,mrs4 ,*>les ,dri w\ld be ,dri ,kroly-n4 ,n4,b4--,9 ,hung>ian1 ,*ri/ian names always foll[ ! surname in/ead ( prec$+ x1 z 9 ,engli%4 ,x w\ld n be correct =m to address ,mrs4 ,dri z ,dr9 simply1 ?\gh "o might speak ( h] s 9 ! ?ird p]son4 ,9 address+ an envelope to h] "s su* ^w z nagysgos1 or urn 7madam71 mu/ be us$4 ,?us1 ,nagysgos ,dr9 urn1 ,dr9 urn1 or ,dr9 nagysga4 ,x is bett]1 if possible1 to add ! ,*ri/ian "n ( ! husb& 9 address+ a m>ri$ woman4 ,?us1 ,nagysgos ,dri ,krolyn4 ,9 speak+ to a lady ! "n is nev] m5tion$4 ,in/ead ( say+ ,mrs4 or ,miss ,s-&-s1 "s su* ^w z asszonyom or nagysd 7madam7 mu/ be us$4 ,asszonyom c only be us$ 9 address+ m>ri$ wom52 nagysd c be us$ = ei!r m>ri$ or s+le4 ,9 address+ a g5tleman1 x is cu/om>y to use 8 title or (fice1 if he has "o1 e4g4 titkr1 secret>y2 tanr1 pr(essor2 tancsos1 c\ncillor2 kapitny1 capta91 c4 ,on an envelope3 ,nagysgos ,gyry ,lornd m9iszt]i osztly tancsos urnak 7urnak is compos$ ( ur1 sir1 & ! suffix -nak1 to74 ,9 speak+ to ,gyry ,lornd "o w\ld say tancsos ur4 ,! *ief titles ( c\rtesy employ$ are3-- ,felsge1 8 or h] ,maje/y4 ,f5sge1 8 or h] ,highness4 ,kegyelmes1 or ,nagymltsgu1 8 ,excell5cy 7= m9i/]s1 privy c\ncillors1 c474 ,mltsgos 7= su* memb]s ( ! ,h\se ( ,lords z are n /yl$ kegyelmes1 secret>ies ( ,/ate1 & m9i/]ial c\nsellors74 ,nagysgos 7= mo/ p]sons :o 9 ,engl& w\ld be address$ z esquire74 ,tek9tetes 7us$ = c\ntry g5tlem51 b x is go+ out ( use & giv+ place to nagysgos74 ,! sex ( animals is express$ by plac+ hm 7male71 or n/ny 7female71 be=e ! respective "n2 z-- hm f>kas1 he-wolf4 n/ny f>kas1 %e-wolf4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,etymology ,new words are =m$ 9 two ways3-- 7a7 ,by means ( suffixes call$ =matives4 7b7 ,by putt+ two or m words toge!r4 ,^? ( ! fir/ class are call$ d]ivatives1 & ^? ( ! second class comp\nds4 ,a d]ivative may take a fur!r =mative1 9 :i* case ! d]ivative is call$ ! primitive ( ! new ^w4 ,9 ! foll[+ example ea* prec$+ ^w is ! primitive or /em ( ! foll[+ d]ivative3-- h>c 7sub/antive71 battle4 h>c-i 7adjective71 p]ta9+ to battle4 h>ci-z 7adjective71 brave1 w>like4 h>cias-kod 7ni7 7v]b71 to act 9 a w>like way4 h>ciaskod-s 7ab/ract n\n71 ! /ate ( be+ at w>4 h>ciaskods-i 7adjective71 p]ta9+ to w>like behavi\r4 ,?is example %[s h[ ri* ! ,hung>ian language is 9 its capacity = =m+ words & express+ ! f9] %ades ( mean+4 ,! pr9cipal =matives only are "h giv53-- ,i4 ,sub/antives are =m$-- 7a7 ,by add+ -sg1 -sg to adjectives4 j-sg1 goodness2 szp-sg1 beauty4 7b7 ,by add+ -s1 -s to v]bs4 vg-s1 ! act ( cutt+2 fe/-s1 ! act ( pa9t+4 7c7 ,by add+ -z1 -es1 -os1 -r1 -r to sub/antives4 asztal1 table2 asztal-os1 jo9]4 ks1 knife2 ks-es1 cutl]4 kd1 tub2 kd-r1 coop]4 7d7 ,all pres5t p>ticiples may be us$ z sub/antives4 olvas1 read]2 arat1 reap]4 7e7 ,dim9utives ( sub/antives are =m$ by add+ -ka1 -ke1 ocska1 ecske1 c4 leny-ka1 a little girl2 ablak-ocska1 a small w9d[4 ,,ii4 ,adjectives are =m$ by add+-- 7a7 -z1 -os1 -es1 -s to sub/antives4 mz1 enamel2 mz-z1 enamell$4 arany1 gold2 arany-os1 gold54 hely1 place2 hely-es1 prop]4 kd1 fog2 kd-s1 foggy4 7b7 -talan or -tel5 to sub/antives1 creat+ negatives4 hely-tel51 improp]4 virg-talan1 )\t fl[]s4 7c7 -i1 especially to names ( places4 budape/-i1 ( or p]ta9+ to ,budape/4 hz-i1 dome/ic4 7d7 ,dim9utives are =m$ by add+ -s to adjectives end+ ) a v[el1 or -es1 -s1 -os to ^? end+ ) a consonant4 srga1 yell[2 srg-s1 yell[i%4 reg1 old2 reg-es1 eld]ly4 ,,iii4 ,v]bs are =m$ by add+-- -al1 -ol1 -el1 -oz1 -ez to sub/antives4 hz1 h\se2 hz-al 7ni71#aj to p$dle4 dal1 song2 dal-ol 7ni71 to s+4 tl1 w9t]2 tel-el 7ni71 to pass ! w9t]4 szalag1 ribbon2 szalag-oz 7ni71 to adorn ) ribbons4 ,,footnotes3 #aj ni is m]ely ! inf9itive end+4 ,,*apt] ,,xv ,,syntax ,z n\ns & v]bs h significant end+s !re is mu* great] fre$om 9 ! con/ruction ( s5t5ces 9 ,hung>ian ?an 9 ,engli%4 ,?us we may say1 ,m>git sz]eti ,etelkt1 or ,etelkt sz]eti ,m>git1 )\t alt]+ or obscur+ ! s5se ( ! words1 :i* mean1 ,m>git loves ,etelka4 ,! accusative end+ -t cle>ly %[s :o is lov$4 ,aga91 ,ilont sz]etik1 or sz]etik ,ilont1 equally /ates t 8!y love ,ilona10 = ! plural end+ ( ! v]b %[s t ,ilont is n its subject1 :ile ! accusative -t 9 ,ilont proves t ,ilona is ! object ( ! p's affection4 ,emphasis is express$ by ! ord] 9 :i* words occur4 ,?us ! above in/ance might be writt51 ,sz]eti ,etelkt ,m>git1 if x is desir$ to lay /ress on ! fact ( lov+4 ,! g5]al rule is t ! ^w on :i* emphasis is laid imm$iately prec$es ! pr$icate1 :e!r t pr$icate is a v]b1 or 7z x may be 9 ,hung>ian7 a sub/antive or an adjective4 ,! foll[+ examples illu/rate ?is rule3-- ,eg]nl a magy> nk hsies5 kzdttek a trkk ell54 ,bravely f\ght ! ,hung>ian wom5 aga9/ ! ,turks at ,eg]4 ,a magy> nk ,eg]nl kzdttek hsies5 a trkk ell54 ,at ,eg] ! ,hung>ian wom5 f\ght bravely aga9/ ! ,turks4 ,a magy> nk a trkk ell5 kzdttek hsies5 ,eg]nl4 ,aga9/ ! ,turks ! ,hung>ian wom5 f\ght bravely at ,eg]4 ,az angol nemzet mo/ hatalmas a t5g]54 ,n[ ! ,engli% nation is p[]ful on ! sea4 ,mo/ az angol nemzet a t5g]5 hatalmas4 ,on ! sea ! ,engli% nation is n[ p[]ful4 ,mo/ az angol nemzet hatalmas a t5g]54 ,! ,engli% nation is n[ p[]ful on ! sea4 ,if1 9 a s5t5ce con/ruct$ 9 ! pres5t t5se1 ! pr$icate is an adjective or a sub/antive1 x foll[s ! subject )\t any copula4 ,ilona szp1 ,ilona is beautiful4 ,az plet szll1 ! build+ is an hotel4 ,if1 h[ev]1 any su* /atem5t has ref]5ce to a pa/ or future "t1 !n ! appropriate t5se ( ! v]b 8to be0 mu/ be plac$ aft] ! pr$icate4 ,az plet szll volt1 ! build+ 0 an hotel4 ,! v]b van 7is71 ) its v>i\s p>ts1 :5 us$ z a copula betwe5 subject & pr$icate1 always /&s imm$iately aft] ! pr$icate4 ,?us1 if 9 ! above s5t5ce ! ord] ( subject & pr$icate 7 *ang$1 ! s5t5ce w\ld run3 szll volt az plet4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,days1 ,,mon?s1 ,,& ,,seasons ,monday1 htf1 ,tuesday1 k$d1 ,w$nesday1 sz]da1 ,?ursday1 cstrtk1 ,friday1 pntek1 ,saturday1 szombat1 ,sunday1 vasrnap4 ,on ,monday1 htfn 0 ,tuesday1 k$d5 0 ,w$nesday1 sz]dn 0 ,?ursday1 cstrtkn 0 ,friday1 pntek5 0 ,saturday1 szombaton vasrnap alone takes no suffix4 ,on ,sunday vasrnap simply4 ,la/ ,monday1 mult htf ,on ,monday la/1 mult htfn ,next ,monday1 jv htf ,on ,monday next1 jv htfn ,janu>y1 janur ,febru>y1 februr ,m>*1 mrczius ,april1 aprilis ,may1 mjus ,june1 junius ,july1 julius ,augu/1 augusztus ,septemb]1 szeptemb] ,octob]1 oktb] ,novemb]1 novemb] ,decemb]1 decemb] ,9 ,janu>y1 janurban ,la/ ,janu>y1 mult janur ,9 ,septemb]1 szeptemb]b5 ,next ,janu>y1 jv janur ,spr+1 tavasz1 ,summ]1 nyr1 ,autumn1 sz1 ,w9t]1 tl4 ,9 ,spr+1 tavasszal1 9 ,summ]1 nyron1 9 ,autumn1 sszel1 9 ,w9t]1 tl54 ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,money1 ,,weights1 ,,& ,,measures ,! monet>y unit is ! korona #aj;d41 :i* is divid$ into #ajj fillr4 s4 d4 ,gold co9s #bj korona #af #h #aj 0 #h #d ,silv] co9s #e 0 #d #b #b 0 #a #h #a 0 #j #aj ,nickel co9s #bj fillr #j #b #aj 0 #j #a ,bronze co9s #b 0 #j #a 0 #j ,pap] money comprises notes = #aj1 #bj1 #ej1 #ajj1 & #ajjj korona4 ,n4,b4--,_m %opkeep]s /ill reckon 9 ! old flor9s & krajczrs4 ,! pur*as] %\ld take c>e to asc]ta9 :e!r ! price m>k$ is 9 flor9s or 9 korona4 #a flor9 #b korona4 #a krajczr #b fillr4 ,! decimal sy/em ( weights & measures is us$ 9 ,hung>y4 #a kilogramm ab\t #b p\nds4 #a kilomt] ab\t #aajj y>ds4 #a lit] ab\t #a p9ts4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,phrases ,sundry ,phrases4 ,yes4 ,ig54 ,please4 ,krem1 or tessk4 ,no4 ,nem4 ,?ank y4 ,ksznm4 ,sir4 ,uram4 ,madam4 ,nagysd4 ,good morn+4 ,j reggelt4 ,good ev5+4 ,j e/t4 ,good-night4 ,j jszakt4 ,good-bye4 ,ajnlom magamat1 or ,i/5 nnel4 ,h[ are y8 ,hogy rzi magt8 ,d y speak ,engli%8 ,beszl n angolul8 ,i only "k ,hung>ian a little4 ,csak keveset tudok magy>ul4 ,d y und]/& me8 ,megrt n engem8 ,i d n und]/&4 ,nem rtem4 ,i beg y\r p>don4 ,bocsnatot krek4 ,please speak m sl[ly4 ,krem1 beszlj5 lassabban4 ,may "o smoke "h8 ,szabad itt dohnyozni8 ,may ,i come 98 ,bejhetek8 ,i wi% to g to a doctor4 ,orvo%oz sz]etnk m5ni4 ,i am ill4 ,beteg vagyok1 or rosszul rzem magamat4 ,s5d = a doctor4 ,kldjn orvosrt4 ,op5 ! door4 ,nyissa ki az ajtt4 ,%ut ! door4 ,csukja be az ajtt4 ,no admittance4 ,tilos a belps4 ,d n t\* ! objects4 ,ne tessk a trgyakhoz nyulni4 ,keep (f ! grass4 ,a fre lpni tilos4 ,take c>e4 ,vigyzzon1 or tessk vigyzni4 ,entrance4 ,bejrat1 or bem5et4 ,exit4 ,kijrat1 or kim5et4 ,travell+4 ,:]e is ! railway /ation8 ,hol van a vasuti lloms8 ,:]e is ! book+-(fice8 ,hol van a jegypnztr8 ,fir/-class s+le to ,budape/4 ,els osztlyu m5et jegyet ,budape/re4 ,second return to ,budape/4 ,msod osztlyu m5et-trti jegyet ,budape/re4 ,h[ mu* is x8 ,mi az ra8 ,i wi% to h my luggage regi/]$4 ,sz]etnm a podgyszt ajnlva adni fel4 ,:]e is ! wait+-room8 ,hol a vrt]em8 ,at :at "t does ! tra9 />t8 ,mikor indul a vonat8 ,does ?is tra9 g to ----8 ---- -be megy ez a vonat8 ,is !re room 9 ?is c>riage8 ,van ebb5 a kocsiban hely8 ,is !re a re/aurant c> on ! tra98 ,van a vonaton tkez kocsi8 ,sleep+-c>4 ,hlkocsi4 ,smok+-c>riage4 ,dohnyz szakasz4 ,non-smok+ c>riage4 ,nem dohnyz szakasz4 ,smok+ =bidd54 ,tilos a dohnyzs4 ,ladies' comp>tm5t4 ,ni szakasz4 ,%all ,i op5 ! w9d[8 ,k9yissam az ablakot8 ,please %ut ! w9d[4 ,krem1 csukja be az ablakot4 ,x is v w>m4 ,nagyon meleg van4 ,x is v cold4 ,nagyon hideg van4 ,d ,i h to *ange8 t kell szllni8 ,:at /ation is ?is8 ,mily5 lloms ez8 ,fet* me a cab4 ,hozzon kocsit4 ,:at is y\r f>e8 ,mi a viteldij8 ,drive me to ! ---- hotel4 ,vigy5 a ---- szllba4 ,at a ,hotel4 ,i want a room4 ,szobt sz]etnk4 ,h[ mu* d y *>ge8 ,mi az ra8 ,t is too de>4 ,az nagyon drga4 ,i %all only /ay "o night4 ,csak egy jjel5 t m>adok itt4 ,i %all /ay sev]al days4 ,tbb napig itt m>adok4 ,?is room w d4 ,ez a szoba j lesz4 ,:at is ! numb] ( my room8 ,mi a szobm szma8 ,give me ! key4 ,adja ide a kulcsot4 ,please h my luggage s5t up4 ,krem1 kldjk fel a podgyszomat4 ,i %\ld l "s hot wat]4 ,meleg vizet krek4 ,br+ me "s m cold wat]4 ,hozzon mg hideg vizet4 ,please br+ me "s soap4 ,krem1 hozzon szappant4 ,br+ me a t[el4 ,hozzon egy trlkzt4 ,i want a hot ba?4 ,meleg frdt sz]etnk4 ,i want a cold ba?4 ,hideg frdt sz]etnk4 ,please light a fire 9 my room4 ,krem1 ftsn be a szobmba4 ,please br+ a clo!s bru%4 ,krem1 hozzon egy ruhakeft4 ,please clean ^! boots4 ,krem1 tiszttsa ki a czipmet4 ,please bru% ^! clo!s4 ,krem1 keflje ki a ruhmat4 ,br+ me "s mat*es4 ,hozzon gyuft4 ,br+ me a c&le4 ,hozzon egy gy]tyt4 ,knock at my door at #h o'clock4 ,kopogjon az ajtmon reggel nyolcz rakor4 ,i %all want breakfa/ at #g o'clock4 ,ht rra sz]etnm a reggelit4 ,br+ me my hot wat] at #g4cj4 ,flnyolczkor hozza be a meleg vizet4 ,c ,i h some?+ to eat n[8 ,kaphatok mo/ valamit enni8 ,:at is ready8 ,mi van ksz58 ,:at d y *>ge = d9n]8 ,mi az ra az ebdnek8 ,i w take all meals at ! hotel4 ,a szllban fogok tkezni4 ,:at d y *>ge p] day = meals8 ,mi a teljes ellts ra egsz napra8 ,h any lett]s arriv$ = me8 rkezett szmomra levl8 ,:]e c ,i get money *ang$8 ,hol vlta?atok pnzt8 ,i want ^! g>m5ts wa%$4 ,sz]etnm ezt a fehrnemt kimosatni4 ,:5 w !y be ready8 ,mikor lesz ksz58 ,br+ me ! bill4 ,hozza el a szmlt4 ,br+ me a "t-table4 ,adjon egy m5etr5det4 ,i want ?is luggage tak5 to ! ,sz]etnm ezt a podgyszt az railway /ation4 llomsra kld5i4 ,at ,meals4 ,good morn+4 ,j reggelt kvnok4 ,h y slept well8 ,jl aludt8 ,yes1 ?ank y4 ,ksznm1 jl4 ,i hope t y h slept well4 ,remlem1 jl aludt4 ,i 0 v tir$ la/ night4 ,tegnap e/e nagyon fradt voltam4 ,wait]4 ,p9czr4 ,br+ me "s c(fee4 ,kvt krek4 ,a roll4 ,zsemle4 ,?is bread is too new4 ,ez a k5yr nagyon friss4 ,h y "s /ale bread8 ,van szikkadt k5y]k8 ,"s butt]4 ,vaj4 ,milk & sug>1 please4 ,tejet s czukrot krek4 ,ano!r cup ( c(fee4 ,mg egy cssze kvt4 ,br+ me a cup ( tea4 ,hozzon egy cssze tet4 ,at :at "t is d9n]8 ,hny rakor van az ebd8 ,d9n] la c>te4 ,ebd tlap sz]9t4 ,br+ me "s s\p4 ,hozzon leve/4 ,:at fi% h y8 ,mifle hal van8 ,w y h "s *ick58 ,tetszik csirke8 ,give me a w+4 ,adjon egy szrnyt4 ,"s ma%$ potatoes4 ,trt burgonya4 ,potato salad4 ,burgonya salta4 ,br+ me a slice ( mutton4 ,hozzon egy szelet rh/4 ,i l x well done4 ,jl tslve sz]etem4 ,x is too mu* done4 ,ez nagyon meg van stve4 ,x is q und]done4 ,ez egsz5 sletl54 ,br+ me ! w9e li/4 ,adja ide az italjegyzket4 ,i w h a bottle ( cl>et4 ,egy veg vrsbort krek4 ,a syphon ( soda wat]1 please4 ,egy veg szdavizet4 ,br+ me a glass ( be]4 ,hozzon egy pohr srt4 ,prep>e me an omelette4 ,cs9ltasson egy omelettet 7tojslepnyt74 ,w y h "s m w9e8 ,tetszik mg bor8 ,no m1 ?ank y4 ,ksznm1 nem krek4 ,br+ me ! dess]t4 ,hozza ide a csemegt4 ,give me "s *eese4 ,adja ide a sajtot4 ,a cup ( black c(fee1 please4 ,egy cssze fekete kvt krek4 ,i w\ld l "s milk4 ,tejet sz]etnk4 ,wait]1 ! bill1 please4 ,p9czr1 a szmlt krem4 ,at ! ,po/-(fice4 ,:]e is ! po/-(fice8 ,hol van a p/ahivatal8 ,9 ---- /reet4 ,a ---- utczban4 ,i want ?ree p5ny /amps4 ,krek hrom tz fillres blyeget4 ,:at is ! po/age on ?is lett]8 ,m5nyi a p/adij ezrt a levlrt8 ,?is is to g by book po/4 ,ezt m9t knyvcsomagot ak>om kld5i4 ,?is is to g by p>cel po/4 ,ezt csomagp/val ak>om kld5i4 ,a po/al ord] = t5 korona4 ,p/autalvny tz koronra4 ,give me a telegram =m4 ,krek egy srgnylapot4 ,a regi/]$ lett]4 ,ajnlott levl4 ,i want ?is lett] to be regi/]$4 ,sz]etnm ezt a levelet ajnlva feladni4 ,%opp+4 ,:]e d !y sell clo?+8 ,hol rulnak itt ruhanmt8 ,t is a good %op4 ,az j bolt4 ,i want a new hat4 ,uj kalapot sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want a pair ( boots4 ,egy pr czipt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want a %irt4 ,+et sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want "s h&k]*iefs4 ,nhny zsebk5dt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want "s coll>s4 ,nhny gallrt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want "s ties4 ,nhny nyakk5dt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want a /ick4 ,stabotot sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want an umbrella4 ,es]nyt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want "s socks1 /ock+s4 ,kapczt1 h>isnyt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want "s gloves4 ,keztyt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,:at is ! price8 ,mi az ra8 ,i want bett] ones4 ,jobb m9sgt sz]etnk4 ,i want *eap] ones4 ,olcsbbat sz]etnk4 ,?is w d4 ,ez j lesz4 ,c y *ange ?is money8 ,fel tudn ezt a pnzt vltani8 ,:]e is !re a wat*mak]8 ,hol van itt rs8 ,my wat* has /opp$4 ,megllt az rm4 ,my wat* wants clean+4 ,ki kell az rmat tiszttani4 ,! spr+ is brok54 ,a rg el van trve4 ,i want to g to ! b>b]4 ,sz]etnk a borblyhoz m5ni4 ,please cut my hair4 ,krem1 nyrjon meg4 ,n too %ort4 ,ne nagyon rvidre4 ,a %ave1 please4 ,krem1 borotvljon meg4 ,i want "s tobacco1 cig>s4 ,dohnyt1 sziv>t1 sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want "s cig>ettes1 mat*es4 ,cig>ettt1 gyuft1 sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want a cig>-case4 ,sziv>t>tt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want a tobacco-p\*4 ,dohnyt>tt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,no?+ m1 ?ank y4 ,ksznm1 m/ nem krek4 ,w y please s5d ^! to my hotel4 ,krem1 kldje el ezt a szllba4 ,?is is my address4 ,ez a czimem4 ,s5d !m at once4 ,krem1 kldje azonnal4 ,sightsee+4 ,:]e is ! ---- !atre8 ,hol van a ---- sz9hz8 ,:at is be+ play$8 ,mit adnak8 ,i d n "k4 ,nem tudom4 ,at :at "t does ! p]=mance beg98 ,mikor kezddik az elads8 ,:at price are ! seats8 ,mi az ra a jegyeknek8 ,is !re a conc]t to-night8 ,van ma e/e valami hangv]s5y8 ,i %\ld l to g to a music hall4 ,sz]etnk valami orfeumba m5ni4 ,:]eab\ts is ! museum8 ,m]re van a muzeum8 ,c y direct me to ! picture ,meg tudn mondani az utat a gall]y8 kptrba8 ,i wi% to g to ! ca!dral4 ,a szkesegyhzba sz]etnk m5ni4 ,:]e is ! t[n p>k8 ,hol van a ,vrosliget8 ,c ,i g !re by tram8 ,visz oda villamos vasut8 ,does ! tram g to ----8 ---- be megy ez a villamos8 ,:at is ! f>e8 ,mit kell fizetni8 ,i w g = a walk4 ,stlni megyek4 ,:i* are ! be/ /reets8 ,melyek a legszebb utczk8 ,:]e is ---- /reet8 ,hol van a ---- utcza8 ,turn to ! "r4 ,tessk jobbra =dulni4 ,turn to ! left4 ,tessk balra =dulni4 ,/raight on4 ,egy5es5 elre4 ,! zoological g>d54 ,az llatk]t4 ,! =tress g>d54 ,a vrk]t4 ,! ,danube embankm5t4 ,a ,dunap>t4 ,pay+ a ,call4 ,:]e does ,mr4 ,x4 live8 ,hol lakik ,x4 ur8 ,no4 #b ---- ,/reet4 ---- utcza msodik szm alatt4 ,he has a flat on ! second floor4 ,a msodik emelet5 van a laksa4 ,r+ ! bell4 ,csngess54 ,knock at ! door4 ,kopogtasson4 ,is ,mr4 ,kovcs at home8 ,it?on van ,kovcs ur8 ,he is n at home4 ,n9cs it?on4 ,i w call aga94 ,majd eljvk ujra4 ,i w call at #c ,p4,m4 to-morr[4 ,holnap dlutn hrom rakor jvk el4 ,yes1 he is 94 ,ig51 it?on van4 ,i wi% to see him4 ,sz]etnk vele beszlni4 ,please take 9 my "n4 ,krem1 jel5ts5 be4 ,please take 9 my c>d4 ,vigye be a nvjegyemet4 ,good aft]noon4 ,j napot kivnok4 ,good ev5+1 madam4 ,j e/t kivnok1 nagysd4 ,pray be seat$4 ,krem1 foglaljon helyet4 ,h[ are y8 ,hogy rzi magt8 ,i am q well1 ?ank y4 ,ksznm1 jl4 ,i am v pleas$ to see y4 ,nagyon rlk hogy l?atom4 ,:5 did y arrive 9 ,hung>y8 ,mikor rkezett ,magy>orszgba8 ,w y /ay long8 ,sokig szndkszik itt m>adni8 ,d y l y\r /ay 9 ,budape/8 ,sz]et ,budape/5 l5ni8 ,yes1 x is a f9e city4 ,ig51 nagyon szp vros4 ,i mu/ g n[4 ,mo/ mr m5nem kell4 ,good-bye4 ,ajnlom magamat4 ,au revoir4 ,a viszontltsig4 ,books & ,/ation]y4 ,h y a guide-book8 ,kaphatok ti kziknyvet8 ,is x 9 ,engli%8 ,angolul van8 ,i want a map4 ,trkpet sz]etnk4 ,c ,i see a directory8 ,megnzhetem a lakjegyzket8 ,i wi% to buy a diction>y4 ,sztrt sz]etnk v5ni4 ,i want "s notepap]4 ,levlpapiro/ sz]etnk v5ni4 ,a packet ( envelopes4 ,egy csomag levlbortk4 ,a box ( p5s4 ,egy doboz rtoll4 ,a f\nta9 p54 ,tlt toll4 ,"s p5cils1 please4 ,nhny irnt 7cz]uzt7 krek4 ,a bottle ( ink4 ,egy veg t9ta4 ,"s blott+-pap]4 ,itats papiros4 ,a /ick ( seal+-wax4 ,egy rd pecstviasz4 ,i want "s po/c>ds4 ,levelez lapokat krek4 ,"s picture po/c>ds4 ,kpes levelez lapokat4 ,a newspap]4 ,hirlap1 ujsg4 ,a morn+ pap]1 please4 ,krem a reggeli lapot4 ,an ev5+ pap]4 ,krem az e/i lapot4 ,an illu/rat$ pap]4 ,kpes lap4 ,:i* is ! be/ newspap]8 ,melyik a legjobb hirlap8 ,specim5 ,lett] engag+ a ,room4 ,tisztelt ,uram1 ,hon\r$ ,sir1 ,foly h #ae4 n ,budape/re rkezem a ,! curr5t mon? on ! #ae? to ,budape/ ,i arrive by ! dlutn #d rai vonattal a nyugati plyudv>on4 ,krem1 aft]noon #d o'clock tra9 at ! we/ railway /ation4 ,please gondoskodjk szmomra brkocsirl1 s t>tson f5n egy take ?\ght on my behalf reg>d+ a cab1 & res]ve a j de nem nagyon kltsges hlszobt4 ,kt htig 7nhny good b n v exp5sive b$room4 ,two weeks 7a few napig7 szndkozom ,budape/5 m>adni1 s tkezsre m9dig days7 ,i int5d 9 ,budape/ to rema91 & = meals always a szllban leszek4 9 ! hotel w be4 ,tisztelettel1 ,) respect1 ,a4 ,b4 ,! envelope w\ld be address$ ?us3-- ,a ---- ,szll ---- ,hotel ,tek9tetes igazgatjnak ,to ! manag] ---- ,utcza ---- ,/reet ,budape/4 ,uram ur 7sir7 am 7my74 #ae n #ae affix -n 7on74 ,budape/re ,budape/ -re 7to74 rai ra adjectival suffix i4 vonattal vonat -al 7by or )71 ! t be+ duplicat$4 plyudv>on plyudv> -on 7at74 szmomra szm 7acc\nt7 -om 7my7 -ra 7on74 brkocsirl brkocsi -rl 7z reg>ds74 ,budape/5 ,budape/ -en 7974 tkezsre tkezs -re 7=74 szllban szll -ban 7974 tisztelettel tisztelet -7t7el 7)74 tek9tetes a c\rte\s expression4 igazgatjnak igazgat 7manag] or director7 -ja 7its7 nak 7to74 a ---- szll tek9tetes igazgatjnak 7lit]ally7 to ! ---- hotel's hon\r$ manag]4 ,,hung>ian-,,engli% ,,vocabul>y ablak1 w9d[ adni1 to give ajt1 door llat1 animal llni1 to /& lnokul1 trea*]\sly anya1 "m atya1 fa!r azonnal1 at once baj1 tr\ble bmulni1 to admire bnya1 m9e b>t1 fri5d btor1 brave btya1 eld] bro!r br1 wages beszlni1 to speak beteg1 ill birtok1 e/ate bizonytalansg1 unc]ta9ty boldog1 happy bolt1 %op buzavirg1 cornfl[] csak1 only csszr1 emp]or csata1 battle cs5des1 quiet1 /ill cssze1 cup cs9lni1 to make1 to d czukor1 sug> dal1 song dlutn1 aft]noon d]lt1 bright d9nye1 melon dolgozni1 to "w drga1 de> drgak1 preci\s /one des1 sweet egszsges1 heal?y1 well elfoglalni1 to occupy1 to take elkisrni1 to accompany lni1 to live elszllni1 to fly away plet1 build+ rcz1 metal rdekes1 int]e/+ rett1 ripe ers1 /rong rtkes1 valuable fehr1 :ite fekete1 black fnyes1 bright fizetni1 to pay gazda1 f>m] gazdag1 ri* gazdasg1 f>m gondolat1 ?\ght gy]mek1 *ild gynyr1 lovely gyors1 swift gyzni1 to be victori\s gymlcs1 fruit hls1 grateful hallani1 to he> ham>1 soon hanem1 b hang1 s\nd hangv]s5y1 conc]t hat1 six hatalmas1 p[]ful hz1 h\se hzi1 dome/ic heg$lni1 to play ! 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