,,little ,,blue ,,book ,,no4 #abdb ,edited by ,e4 ,haldeman-,julius ,the ,care of the ,skin and ,hair ,and ,other ,general ,health ,hints ,morris ,fishbein1 ,m4 ,d4 ,editor ,journal ,american ,medical ,association and ,hygeia1 the ,health ,magazine4 ,,haldeman-,,julius ,,publications ,,girard1 ,,kansas ,copyright1 #aibg1 ,haldeman-,julius ,company4 ,,printed ,,in ,,the ,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america ,,table ,,of ,,contents ,page ,skin ,diseases and ,their ,cure #e ,cosmetics #g ,skin ,disease ,quackery #h ,magic of ,plastic ,surgery ,replaces ,scarring ,knife #aj ,button in ,savage's ,skull ,first ,plastic ,surgery #aa ,beware of ,beauty ,doctor ,who ,offers ,guarantees #ac ,either ,hair or ,health ,endangered by ,dyes #ae ,skin ,eruptions ,laid to ,poison in ,dyed ,fur #ag ,most ,moles ,harmless1 ,but ,watch ,black ,ones6 #ah ,flowers ,carry ,poison #bj ,snow1 ,cold ,water ,best in ,treating ,frostbite #bb ,wash ,your ,neck ,well to ,ward ,off ,boils #bc ,psoriasis ,one of ,most ,annoying ,skin ,faults #be ,cauliflower ,ears #bf ,flopping ,ear ,needs ,careful ,operation #bg ,rubber 8,reducers0 ,are ,foes of ,comfort ,but ,not of ,fat #bi ,be ,careful in ,use of ,laxative ,gums #cj ,overeating ,harmful ,after ,middle ,life #ca ,,care ,,of ,,the ,,skin ,,and ,,hair ,,and ,,other ,,general ,,health ,,hints ,,skin ,,diseases ,,and ,,their ,,cure ,there are still persons who believe that every disease of the skin can be successfully treated with a salve1 a lotion or a powder4 ,this belief and the advertisements of nostrums for the treatment of skin disease are a reflection of the actual knowledge of such conditions held even by the medical profession a quarter of a century ago4 ,today the methods of treatment of skin diseases include practically every form of apparatus1 every method of medical administration known to medical science4 ,this advance is a reflection of the application of knowledge in physics1 chemistry1 biology and bacteriology to medicine1 and of a more thorough comprehension of the fact that the skin is not merely a protective covering for the body but an organ whose condition reflects that of the other tissues and influences them definitely4 ,perhaps the greatest advance has been the ,x-ray and the knowledge that application of its rays would affect not only tumors1 whose cause is unknown1 but also inflammations and degenerations of the skin produced by parasitic organisms4 ,not only the rays of the ,x-ray tube1 but also those of radium1 of the sun and of the ultraviolet lamps are known to have definite effects on the skin4 ,radium is used for destroying cancer of the skin1 masses of veins1 birth marks1 moles and similar unsightly excresences4 ,as ,dr4 ,fred ,wise indicated at a recent meeting of specialists in diseases of the skin1 the physician is no longer limited to any single form of treatment1 but may attack such growths with any of the destructive rays that have been mentioned2 he may freeze them with carbon dioxid snow2 he may remove them surgically with the knife2 he may dry them by passing an electric current through them1 or cut them with a needle whose cutting power depends on vibrations produced by electric waves4 ,in attacking certain parasitic diseases of the skin1 the specialist reaches them through the blood1 injecting combinations of dyes and metallic elements or specific drugs which produce the immediate death of the parasitic organisms when they come in contact with them4 ,there still remain infections and diseases of the skin which are not easily amenable to treatment4 ,pemphigus1 in which there are tremendous wheals1 blisters and similar eruptions1 is not known to yield easily to any form of treatment1 although it may be benefited on occasion by the use of drugs such as arsenic and quinine4 ,generalized changes of the nature of the skin resulting from disturbances of the nervous system and of the glands sometimes resist every form of medical attack4 ,research in the field of skin diseases is one of the most promising opportunities for investigation to the medical man with research instincts4 ,,cosmetics ,since investigation has been undertaken by physicians and chemists there is less and less likelihood of the sale or purchase of cosmetic preparations1 including face creams1 powders and lotions1 containing poisonous ingredients1 although at one time such metallic poisons as lead1 bismuth1 or arsenic could be found as ingredients of such beautifiers4 ,nowadays1 the difficulty seems to be that there are a multiplicity of preparations which have no real warrant1 since they differ only in unessential qualities from each other4 ,there are1 for example1 dozens of creams sold for application to the skin with claims that they nourish the skin1 when1 as a matter of fact1 there is no such thing as a skin food4 ,all of these creams essentially are cold creams1 modified by varying amounts of perfumes or other thinning or thickening factors4 ,these statements do not apply1 however1 to the creams that are used as depilatories4 ,most of the widely advertised ointments for this purpose have as their basis a salt of the metal barium4 ,application of the ointment removes the hair1 but does not affect the growing end within the skin4 ,in most instances the new growth of hair is thicker and coarser and darker than the original growth removed by the depilatory4 ,in some instances1 superfluous hair is removed by the application of the ,x-ray4 ,it has been found1 however1 that ,x-ray machines seldom kill the living cell from which the hair grows1 unless it is applied in dosage so strong as to produce definite changes in the skin itself4 ,specialists in diseases of the skin are being called on to treat thickening of the skin1 or so-called precancerous keratosis1 resulting from the use of the ,x-ray for the removal of hair by inexperienced persons4 ,those who give special attention to these problems are agreed that the one certain method of removal of superfluous hair is the use of the electric needle4 ,it must be understood1 however1 that it is possible to remove only a few hairs at a single treatment1 and that the method requires great expertness in its application4 ,,skin ,,disease ,,quackery ,faith springs eternal in the human breast and credulity is not the property of any single class4 ,one finds our best educated citizens just as easily susceptible to false and fraudulent claims as the most ignorant4 ,indeed1 in many instances1 particularly in relation to medical science1 a little knowledge is a dangerous thing1 since its possessor is likely to be impressed with his own ability to make suitable judgments4 ,of particular interest in this connection are the many cosmetics offered to women who seek eternally for artificial beauty4 ,according to an investigation recently made1 the ,american public paid1 in #aiba1 #aej1jjj1jjj for perfumery and cosmetics4 ,there were purchased #bdj1jjj1jjj packages of talcum and face powders and #ah1jjj1jjj packages of rouge4 ,students of diseases of the skin constantly emphasize the difficulty of determining the nature of any eruption4 ,red spots and slight inflammations may be due to disturbances of digestion1 to special sensitivity to various food substances1 to eczema1 to any one of a half-dozen infections1 and possibly to tuberculosis or to syphilis4 ,since the tendency of some minor conditions is to recover without treatment1 persons are likely to indulge in self-treatment and thus to neglect the more serious complaints to a time when a cure is far more difficult than when they are seen early4 ,cancer of the skin appears in its beginning as a small and rather unnoticeable spot2 if seen early1 it is easily controlled1 but if stimulated by the use of all sorts of caustic acids or pastes it may become so serious as to produce death4 ,the craze for beauty has also resulted in the tremendous rise of the beauty parlor4 ,it is easy to remember the time when our largest cities could boast of but five or ten hair-dressing establishments4 ,today in the ,boroughs of ,manhattan and the ,bronx alone there are #a1agg hair-dressing establishments4 ,here women come not only for massages and permanent waves but also1 frequently1 for the treatment of diseases of the skin and for the removal of superfluous hair1 moles1 warts1 or tumors4 ,these beauty parlors are the outgrowth1 in many instances1 of manufacturing establishments for the sale of cosmetics4 ,here cold cream masquerades under twenty different names and women purchase for considerable sums preparations which cannot possibly do the things that are claimed for them4 ,one finds 8rose leaf cleansers10 8skin fresheners10 8face moulding creams10 8balsam tissue astringents10 8skin fatteners0 and 8skin thinners10 cleansing creams and vanishing creams1 regardless of the fact that specialists in the disease of the skin have stated again and again that all that any cream can accomplish is simply to make the skin more pliable4 ,,magic ,,of ,,plastic ,,surgery ,,replaces ,,scarring ,,knife ,during the ,world ,war the mutilating injuries suffered by many of the men were assuaged through the development of new features in surgical technique4 ,whereas formerly it was considered sufficient merely to sew up a wound1 to amputate a shattered limb or to save life regardless of appearance1 surgeons then began to consider operations with a view to the most presentable appearance possible after repair4 ,the technique itself is difficult but the war yielded a few masters in the medical service of each of the warring nations4 ,stitching and ,filling ,in4--,in addition to making wounds more sightly by fine stitching1 methods were evolved for filling in defects by transplanting tissues from points elsewhere in the body4 ,for instance1 a wound under the eye was repaired by moving some of the loose tissue from the forehead or the cheek4 ,this was left attached to its original blood supply until new vessels had come in and then the original attachment or pedicle was removed4 ,in one instance tissue taken from the upper part of the chest filled in the side of the face4 ,here mutilations were made sightly and at least a tolerable existence given to men whose lives otherwise might have been an agony of sensitiveness4 ,transplanting ,muscles4--,in one case a man whose arm was lost at the shoulder had not even enough of a stump to attach an artificial limb4 ,by transplanting muscles and tendons from neighboring parts1 surgeons were able to make a stump that served well for the attachment of an artificial limb with which the man was able to earn a livelihood4 ,the economic aspects of the situation are1 of course1 even more important than those relating wholly to the patient's appearance4 ,,button ,,in ,,savage',s ,,skull ,,first ,,plastic ,,surgery ,even the ancient savages used to make holes in the skull to let out the demons which they believed were responsible for disease4 ,instances are recorded in which they also repaired such holes by the insertion of buttons of bone previously removed4 ,in attempting to repair the ravages of disease1 surgeons today sometimes fill in defects with substances of various kinds4 ,at the recent meeting of the ,american ,academy of ,ophthalmology and ,otolaryngology in ,colorado ,springs1 one entire session was devoted to the newest points in this fine surgical art4 ,removing an ,eye4--,when an eye must be removed because of inflammation or disease--and this sometimes done promptly to save the sight of the remaining eye--the cavity that is left may be extremely unsightly4 ,dr4 ,harold ,gifford of ,omaha told of various operations that are done to secure a good appearance4 ,when an artificial eye is to be worn the socket must be made suitable to hold it4 ,sometimes paraffin is employed to develop a proper cavity1 although most physicians fear this substance because its injection may produce irritations and overgrowth more unsightly and certainly more dangerous than the condition the paraffin was planned to correct4 ,dr4 ,harry ,l4 ,pollock of ,chicago told of several instances in which cancerous growths had followed the injection of paraffin by beauty doctors to relieve wrinkles or the sunken bridge of a nose injured by a blow4 ,the appearance seemed beautiful immediately after the injection of the paraffin1 but soon the irritation set in4 ,then the face became a mass of humpy tumors which had to be removed by surgery and which left serious scars4 ,celluloid was tried for a while1 but it also was discarded because the results were unsatisfactory4 ,use of ,ivory4--,the newest and for the present apparently the best substance to use for repairing defects is ivory--either natural or synthetic4 ,dr4 ,pollock pointed out that this substance is more nearly like bone in its composition than any other substance known4 ,both bone and cartilage are used also1 but ,dr4 ,pollock's experience inclined him to favor ivory over either4 ,obviously this work is not for the amateur1 but for the experienced worker4 ,the so-called advertising beauty doctors seldom attempt it because the conditions under which most of them work are not conducive to successful surgery4 ,they choose rather to delude their patients with promises of rapid and easy relief that are never fulfilled4 ,,beware ,,of ,,beauty ,,doctor ,,who ,,offers ,,guarantees ,recently there came to medical attention the case of a woman who had been the victim of the search for beauty through surgery4 ,she was the wife of a prominent merchant in a foreign country4 ,when she was eight years old she was operated on for the relief of tuberculous glands in her neck4 ,she grew up1 married successfully and gave birth to a handsome son4 ,but in the meanwhile her life1 comfortable enough otherwise1 was disturbed because the scars of her operation showed when she wore evening dress4 ,tours ,europe4--,finally she set out upon a tour of ,europe4 ,she arrived in ,paris1 where she consulted several eminent surgeons1 all of whom advised against operation4 ,then she heard1 through the press notices of the theatrical papers1 that ,american beauty doctors were doing marvels in such cases4 ,in this country she reached finally a beauty doctor widely heralded through paid publicity secured by publicity agents4 ,she was intrigued and coaxed into an operation by cleverly written pamphlets detailing the success accomplished on worn-out actresses and movie stars4 ,she decided at last not only on an operation on her neck but also on face lifting1 face peeling1 wrinkle removing and similar procedures4 ,no ,anesthetic4--,these operations were carried on in the office of the beauty doctor1 without an anesthetic and rather crudely in the arrangements for cleanliness4 ,a qualified surgeon works in a qualified and reputable hospital4 ,advertising beauty doctors are not admitted to reputable hospitals4 ,the woman finally left the ministrations of the beauty doctor4 ,she had unsightly scars1 worse even than those for which she had originally consulted him4 ,her skin1 irritated by the caustic chemicals used to peel it1 continued to give off fine scales4 ,the lifting operations1 the loss of blood1 the weeks necessary for recovery in a low-grade hospital in which the beauty doctor finally placed her1 left the woman nervous1 melancholy--mentally a wreck4 ,a reputable surgeon makes no guarantees of success in plastic surgery4 ,the disreputable beauty doctor relies on the shame of the patient and her fear of ridicule to protect him when his surgery goes wrong1 as it so often does4 ,,either ,,hair ,,or ,,health ,,endangered ,,by ,,dyes ,ever since the first woman looked into a polished surface and decided that her appearance would be greatly benefited by certain sophisticated modifications1 the feminine sex has been tampering with its natural beauty4 ,among the first of the features to receive attention has been the hair1 long known as 8woman's crowning glory10 and now merely an added source of income to the tonsorial artist4 ,the first hair dyes were made from vegetable substances4 ,then came metallic1 chemical compounds1 and more recently the synthetic dyes largely derived from coal tar products4 ,among the vegetable dyes1 henna is the best known example1 but indigo wood extracts1 sage and camomile have also been popular4 ,hair dyed with henna is light red1 but one hour will make brown hair extremely red and give to white and blond hair a quite peculiar orange color1 extremely artificial and unattractive4 ,the wood extracts and camomile produce all sorts of peculiar colors4 ,they are reasonably safe1 but suffer from the disadvantage that the dyes are difficult to prepare and the result not especially permanent4 ,most of these dyes do not penetrate the hair shaft1 but merely coat it so that their repeated use tends to make the hair quite brittle4 ,metallic dyes include combinations of lead1 silver1 copper1 tin1 and other metals4 ,all metallic hair dyes1 according to ,dr4 ,mc,cafferty1 who has written extensively on the subject1 must be considered as potentially dangerous when used for any length of time4 ,the material may be absorbed into the body and the person so saturated with metallic poison that he develops serious symptoms4 ,most of the dye substances offered on the market and advertised in publications are combinations of henna with metallic substances4 ,the dye action depends principally on the pyrogallol and on the metal1 with just enough henna present to permit the manufacturer to use the name 8henna dye40 ,the most common dye used today is the synthetic drug known as paraphenylene-diamine4 ,many persons are especially sensitive to this drug and develop severe eruptions following its use4 ,in certain instances1 eruptions on the back of the neck and on the arms follow the wearing of fur dyed with this substance4 ,in ,germany1 the dye must always be marked with a 8poison0 label and most ,european countries have followed that example4 ,in this country1 legislatures are only beginning to consider legislation of a similar character4 ,if a person is sensitive to paraphenylene-diamine1 his scalp and face will begin to tingle and itch after its application1 and this will be followed1 in from #aj to #ab hours1 by a swelling and blistering of the skin4 ,the eyelids also may swell to such an extent that the person is unable to see4 ,most of the cosmetic establishments use this dye for their work4 ,the treatment given by most physicians consists in wet dressings of boric acid solutions and in small doses of ,x-ray to the region concerned4 ,following the subsidence of the preliminary symptoms1 soothing creams are applied to the tissues4 ,dr4 ,mc,cafferty points out that every substance used as a dye remover is a dangerous poison1 which1 if it does not injure the person using it1 at least makes the hair extremely brittle4 ,it is his belief that dye removers should be legislated out of the beauty shops4 ,,skin ,,eruptions ,,laid ,,to ,,poison ,,in ,,dyed ,,fur ,every winter physicians who specialize in diseases of the skin are asked to see cases of eruptions around the throat and wrists resulting from poisoning with incompletely or improperly dyed furs4 ,the principal symptoms are blotches and swelling with itching and burning1 so severe in some cases that the person cannot sleep at night4 ,rabbit ,becomes ,beaver4--,the trouble is found in most instances to result from rabbit that is dyed to imitate beaver1 although all sorts of furs may be involved4 ,in these cases the poisonous substance is usually a compound of paraphenylene-diamine1 the same poisonous substance that causes irritation of the scalps of those who attempt to dye gray hair black4 ,many foreign nations have introduced laws to prevent the use of this substance in hair dyes and to regulate the fur-dying industry4 ,similar laws have been passed in some of our states1 but there is as yet no nation-wide regulation regarding the use of this substance4 ,investigate ,cases4--,not all persons are equally sensitive to this dye4 ,some may wear furs dyed in this manner without symptoms1 but those who are sensitive develop severe reactions4 ,several investigative committees are attempting to secure a record of all the cases of this type that occur4 ,if anyone knows of such an instance1 the report may be sent to the ,committee on ,dye ,poisoning of the ,american ,medical ,association1 #ece ,n4 ,dearborn ,street1 ,chicago4 ,,most ,,moles ,,harmless1 ,,but ,,watch ,,black ,,ones6 ,it has been estimated that there are five moles on an average on every person in the city of ,chicago4 ,if all of these were to be removed1 it would require more than #ae1jjj1jjj separate surgical operations4 ,the history of moles would be an extremely interesting topic1 since they were long regarded as of great significance--sometimes considered the work of evil spirits2 sometimes thought to be due to the influence of the moon or the stars1 and occasionally thought to be of importance in determining configuration of the body4 ,superstition4--,charts of moles were prepared so that one might tell by observation of those that were visible where to expect others that might be invisible4 ,needless to say1 all of this was superstitious and without the slightest scientific importance4 ,as long as a mole does not disfigure the appearance1 it is best disregarded1 unless under certain circumstances it becomes irritated and subject to the unusually rapid growth that is characteristic of cancer4 ,if a mole is extremely brown or black1 it has in it an unusual amount of a pigment called melanin1 which is responsible for giving the color to the hair1 the eyes1 and the deeper layers of skin4 ,somehow1 the presence of this substance seems to be associated with dangerous possibilities1 so that a severe injury or irritation of a deeply pigmented mole may cause it to suddenly develop rapid growth4 ,watch ,black ,ones4--,the most dangerous moles are those that are jet black4 ,if these are situated where they are constantly rubbed or irritated by collars1 garters1 shoes or other garments1 they should be most carefully watched4 ,the danger signs have been listed by some doctors as3 7#a7 a gradual increase in the size of the mole2 7#b7 deepening or spreading of the color2 7#c7 ulceration or infection2 7#d7 pain or soreness in the mole4 ,if any of these symptoms appear1 the person concerned should promptly consult a physician4 ,if they do not appear1 the mole should be left alone and not teased by irritation1 rubbing1 picking1 scratching1 or half-hearted attempts at its removal4 ,,flowers ,,carry ,,poison ,some persons are especially sensitive to contact with toxic substances derived from plants4 ,the poison ivy1 oak1 and sumac may cause severe eruptions of the skin in persons susceptible4 ,when mah-jong first became popular1 many persons had eruptions of the fingers and of the skin of the face from contact with the lacquer on the mah-jong boxes1 due to a special sensitivity that they possessed to a poison in the lacquer which it was discovered had been made by utilizing the juices of certain ,japanese plants4 ,handling of ,bulbs4--,now a ,british physician has discovered eruptions on the hands of some persons from the handling of flower bulbs1 and has given the name 8lily rash0 to this type of disturbance4 ,it followed the cutting of the stems of the flowers1 chiefly the narcissus1 and from handling bulbs of the hyacinth1 daffodil1 narcissus and tulip4 ,an investigation was made in several establishments devoted to the sale of bulbs1 and a small proportion of packers and sorters of bulbs were found to be suffering from an eruption extending under the nail1 where splitting of the skin caused considerable pain4 ,the longer the nails were worn1 the more severe was the condition4 ,moreover1 the inflammation of the skin1 which occurred after a few days' work in handling the bulbs1 was progressive until the worker began to use gloves4 ,all the workers were inclined to blame the tulip bulbs4 ,some of the observers thought that the eruptions were due to friction from the rough sides of the bulbs1 and were ready to place the responsibility on the hyacinth1 narcissus and daffodil4 ,an investigation showed1 however1 that the tulip bulb is surrounded with a single layered covering which spreads easily and that it holds a somewhat acrid juice4 ,when this juice was applied to the skin underneath the finger nail it promptly produced irritation1 even without any breaking of the skin due to rubbing4 ,the obvious suggestion is that persons who are likely to handle tulip bulbs in any considerable numbers ought to wear protective gloves4 ,,snow ,,or ,,cold ,,water ,,best ,,in ,,treating ,,frostbite ,when a portion of the body not properly protected is exposed to intense or extreme cold1 the tissues become affected4 ,if the cold is sufficiently intense and the exposure is sufficiently prolonged1 the part becomes frozen4 ,when the circulation of the blood is sluggish1 as in the very young1 the old and the sick1 suffering from cold is likely to be more severe4 ,in the same way those parts of the body in which the circulation is least active1 and which are least protected by clothing1 as the ears1 the hands and the feet1 are most likely to be affected4 ,blisters ,may ,form4--,in mild frostbite there usually is merely tingling and slight pain4 ,if the cold is more intense and the exposure more prolonged1 blisters form with serum or blood inside of them4 ,if the freezing is still further prolonged1 the entire part becomes gangrenous because of the congealing of the blood within4 ,then the tissues appear bluish1 shrunken or wrinkled and are without sensation or the power of motion4 ,the best treatment for frostbite at first is friction with snow or cold water in a cold room1 the changes to a warmer atmosphere being brought about gradually4 ,after the friction the feet or hands should be swathed in cotton-wool held in position by loose bandages4 ,if there are blisters or any discolorations of the tissues1 a physician should be seen promptly4 ,on the speed with which proper treatment is given may depend the saving or loss of a limb4 ,chilblains4--,chilblains1 which also are associated with a sluggish circulation1 usually produce burning heat with itching and redness1 and are likely to follow prolonged exposure to cold combined with dampness4 ,they may be prevented by wearing warm1 loose woolen stockings and warm shoes4 ,the feet should be bathed in warm water daily1 and after the bath should be rubbed briskly1 quickly dried and dusted with a plain dusting powder4 ,,wash ,,your ,,neck ,,well ,,to ,,ward ,,off ,,boils ,those frequent and unwelcome visitors--boils--always are due to skin infection4 ,the greatest preventive is constant cleanliness of the skin1 particularly of the back of the neck or other parts commonly affected4 ,in men the back of the neck is the part most commonly affected1 usually because of the constant rubbing of the collar on the hair of the lower part of the back of the head4 ,may ,be ,serious ,signal4--,certain diseases1 such as diabetes1 seem to predispose the person to infection with boils1 and the constant recurrence of boils should be the signal for a visit to the doctor4 ,the person who succumbs readily to skin infections lacks bodily resistance4 ,this resistance of the skin is associated with the presence in the blood of substances that will overcome bacteria4 ,the constantly recurring warning to keep the body in the best physical state by proper diet1 proper cleaning and prompt attention to infections in the ear1 nose and throat is here of the greatest importance4 ,when a boil occurs the parts around it are usually shaved1 since the infection spreads from one hair follicle to another4 ,all sorts of antiseptics may be applied and fail to control the boil unless the tissues of the body wall it off and cause it to 8come to a head40 ,heat aids this process by bringing a good supply of blood to the part affected4 ,surgical ,attention4--,a boil should not be opened by some friend who happens to think himself a surgeon merely because he does not faint at the sight of blood4 ,improper opening or drainage of a boil may be exceedingly serious by spreading the infection to the body generally4 ,the surgeon will open the boil with proper precautions against extension of the infection and will see to it that the boil drains properly4 ,the germs that cause boils are small round organisms1 commonly seen in clusters when stained and studied with a microscope4 ,some physicians build up the resistance of the chronic sufferer from boils by preparing a vaccine from the patient's own bacteria4 ,,psoriasis ,,one ,,of ,,the ,,most ,,annoying ,,skin ,,faults ,of all of the diseases of the skin that affect the human body1 one of the most annoying is called psoriasis4 ,in this disease1 the skin becomes inflamed and there develop round patches which are red at their base and which are covered by dry1 white scales4 ,these patches slowly enlarge1 never developing into blisters1 but continuing to give off scales4 ,the disease usually begins on the back of the arms and the front of the legs1 just below the elbows and knees1 and may involve also the scalp and the lower part of the back1 but seldom appears on the face4 ,the disease continues for months and years1 sometimes better1 sometimes worse4 ,the patient is seldom disturbed in general by the condition1 except by its annoying appearance and the development of the scales4 ,a disease of this type has been treated by all of the methods known to medical science1 and the fact that so many methods have been suggested is an indication that none has proved especially satisfactory4 ,any good specialist in diseases of the skin is able to clear up the lesions temporarily by the use of proper drugs1 and usually recommends a change in the diet involving reduction of protein substances and of meat4 ,in a recent consideration by the leading specialists in diseases of the skin of ,great ,britain1 it was pointed out that the best results today are secured by local treatment1 with attention to the general hygiene of the body1 and that the value of the various special forms of treatment mentioned in medical literature have not yet been established4 ,a person who suffers with this disease will do well to select a specialist in diseases of the skin and to follow the general routine laid down4 ,the chronic character of the disease and its apparent incurability cause persons affected to travel from one specialist to another1 and to consult all sorts of fads and quackery in their search for relief4 ,until some specific curative method is discovered1 they will in this way merely waste funds which might better be conserved for useful treatment4 8,,cauliflower ,,ears0 ,among the first of the beauty operations to attract public attention was the correction of what the pugilists call a cauliflower or 8tin0 ear4 ,this term is applied to the result of a powerful force sharply administered to the appendages on the sides of the prizefighter's visage4 ,immediately thereafter the blood vessels beneath the skin burst and the blood pours out into the membranes which cover the cartilage or gristle of the ear4 ,the blood distends the tissues of the ear to the extent of the blood pressure and until the blood coagulates4 ,the swelling thus formed may gradually be absorbed and the ear return to its normal state1 but in many instances tissue forms out of the mass and when this contracts the ear is distorted into the cauliflower shape4 ,dr4 ,samuel ,iglaur has pointed out that it is the left ear that is usually of the cauliflower variety1 since this ear receives most of the wallops from the right fist of the opponent4 ,cauliflower ears are also seen frequently in wrestlers1 and before the development of headgear were not unusual in football players4 ,after the pugilist develops affluence and is ready to retire to the stage or the screen he is usually ready to submit himself to remodeling and decorative surgical art4 ,if he develops this vanity previous to his retirement1 the revamped ear is likely to become a special target for the opposition the moment he steps into the ring4 ,,flopping ,,ear ,,needs ,,careful ,,operation ,next to the cauliflower ear1 no other deformity of this particular organ is so frequently the subject of correction as the outstanding ear4 ,this is usually a congenital development and one which is likely to give much distress1 particularly to a girl who is otherwise handsome4 ,many persons have thought that outstanding ears could be corrected merely by sewing the ear to the skin back of it4 ,however1 in practice it has been found that the skin will stretch promptly and the ear sag into a new and perhaps more undesirable position4 ,the operation is1 therefore1 most intricate1 involving actual transplantation of part of the cartilage of the ear to the bony covering of the skull behind the ear4 ,such decorative surgery is comparatively recent in medicine4 ,perhaps the first operation for correction of outstanding ears was devised in #ahfa4 ,nowadays1 with the increasing prosperity1 publicity and vanity1 such operations have become fairly frequent4 ,the reliable cosmetic and plastic surgeon is usually associated with a hospital that has been classified by the ,american ,medical ,association and the ,american ,college of ,surgeons as a reputable institution4 ,his work is done under the best surgical conditions1 with the assistance of well trained nurses and with all of the cleanliness that is absolutely necessary if surgery of any type is to be successful4 ,it has been said that the persons who seek cosmetic surgery are likely to be dissatisfied with any result short of perfection1 and that they submit to operation after operation1 falling more and more into the net of the unprincipled surgeon1 if they happen to have begun their quest for beauty with an advertising quack4 ,the great campaign of education about quackery carried on for many years has resulted in the development of new methods of advertising by the unprincipled surgical impresario4 ,he is far too shrewd to indulge himself in purchased advertising space in newspapers or periodicals4 ,he1 therefore1 secures a publicity agent who is as likely as not to be a reporter on some local newspaper1 willing to eke out a narrow income by playing both ends against the middle4 ,this enterprising journalist takes payment from the beauty surgeon for securing space for him in the daily press1 and submits to his newspaper news items regarding weird operations performed by the beauty surgeon on actors1 pugilists and other notorious persons4 ,the result is to bring a flood of less notable but equally simple kitchen mechanics1 stenographers1 elderly housewives and other shallow-minded searchers for beauty into the net4 ,,rubber 8,,reducers0 ,,are ,,foes ,,of ,,comfort ,,but ,,not ,,of ,,fat ,in the craze for reduction which agitated most of the women of the ,united ,states during the past few years1 many of them undertook all sorts of exercises1 diets and the use of all kinds of apparatus to remove what they considered superfluous weight4 ,among the most widely advertised articles were corsets and brassires1 made of pure gum rubber1 which were supposed to be worn next to the skin4 ,it was perhaps the notion of those who promoted these devices that they would squeeze the flesh into a more solid form1 perhaps causing the body to eliminate the superfluous matter from inside4 ,there is not1 of course1 the slightest scientific reason to believe that such apparatus could do anything of the kind4 ,the chief effect of wearing rubber garments next to the skin is that they prevent perspiration from evaporating4 ,since the perspiration is rubbed into the skin1 it is likely to produce irritation4 ,some persons have severe irritation of the skin from contact with the rubber itself4 ,the rubber garment does not increase the sweat1 but simply causes it to remain on the surface4 ,certainly it does not cleanse the skin1 but rather tends to make it accumulate deposits of waste products4 ,the sweat regulates the temperature of the body by evaporation from the surface4 ,it also keeps the skin soft by keeping it moist and well lubricated4 ,rubber garments prevent evaporation of the sweat1 which produces laceration of the skin4 ,certainly they cannot in any way aid the lubrication of the skin1 since retention of salts and other substances is likely to make it drier and to cover it with crusts4 ,,be ,,careful ,,in ,,use ,,of ,,laxative ,,gums ,it is safe to say that more proprietary medicines of a laxative character are sold in this country than in any other4 ,the vogue of chewing gum is also particularly an ,american institution4 ,it is not surprising therefore that a manufacturer has begun the sale and distribution of chewing gum into which is incorporated a quantity of a well known laxative drug4 ,caution in ,usage4--,while chewing gums thus medicated may be safe as laxatives1 there are excellent reasons why this drug should not be sold indiscriminately4 ,samples were distributed in the streets of some cities1 until boards of health prevented such distribution because the samples fell into the hands of children and there were serious results4 ,besides1 some persons are especially sensitive1 and react with severe inflammation of the skin when they take even a small dose of this remedy4 ,the second use to which chewing gum has been put has been to incorporate drugs alleged to have special properties for reducing obesity4 ,thyroid ,extract4--,anti-fat chewing gums contain thyroid extract1 which is dangerous2 drugs that irritate the stomach and disturb the appetite1 which are also dangerous1 and drugs which have no power whatever1 which is foolish4 ,the ,united ,states government has recently issued fraud orders against several chewing gums of this character4 ,the person who uses the gum is told that in addition to taking the remedy she should walk five miles a day1 go through certain exercises1 and cut down the diet4 ,these practices will bring about a reduction in weight just as well without chewing the gum4 ,,overeating ,,harmful ,,after ,,middle ,,life ,most of the illnesses that afflict the man beyond middle age are due to the fact that he does not realize his intestinal limitations4 ,the most pernicious misdemeanor after middle life is overeating4 ,the person who works out-of-doors is1 of course1 able to dispose of more and heavier food than does the brain-worker4 ,the brain-worker who tries to eat meat three times a day will find himself1 in most instances1 in better condition if he eats meat only once each day1 but in this condition quantity of food is more important than its nature4 ,cooked ,foods4--,the human being gradually has been adapting himself to more and more refined and thoroughly cooked foods4 ,nevertheless1 it is not desirable for him suddenly to change to foods that are coarse and indigestible4 ,these perhaps will aid elimination1 but at the same time they will irritate the delicate lining of the intestines and permit the more easy entrance of bacteria into the body4 ,too much starch1 protein or fat is harmful because it will not be digested fully and will encourage the growth of bacteria in the intestines4 ,as one becomes older his tolerance for sugars becomes less1 and if he eats too much sweet or starchy foods1 he is likely to develop disorders of sugar elimination4 ,insurance ,records4--,all health authorities are agreed that the greatest danger for the man beyond middle age is overeating4 ,the records of great insurance companies show that the life expectancy of the man slightly underweight at this age is greater by far than that of the man who is overweight4 ,as the old farmer expressed the matter1 pigs would live longer if they did not make hogs of themselves4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcriber's note ,minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice4 ,spelling was retained as in the original except for the following changes3 ,page #c3 8,hademan-,julius ,company0 8,haldeman-,julius ,company0 ,page #c3 8,,united ,,states ,,of ,,amer0 8,,united ,,states ,,of ,,america0 ,page #ai3 8with dangerous possibities0 8with dangerous possibilities0 ,page #cb3 8proteins or fats is0 8protein or fat is0 ,page #cb3 8sweets or starchy foods0 8sweet or starchy foods0