,transcrib]'s ,note ,italic text display$ z3 italic ,u4 ,s4 ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,agriculture4 ,,bureau ,,( ,,plant ,,indu/ry--,,bullet9 ,,no4 #ij1 ,,"p ,,iii4 ,b4 ,t4 ,,gall[ay1 ,*ief ( ,bureau4 ,,pepp]m9t4 ,,by ,,alice ,,h5kel1 ,,assi/ant1 ,,drug-,,plant ,,inve/igations4 ,,issu$ ,,decemb] #bh1 #aije4 ,illu/ration ,,wa%+ton3 ,,gov]nm5t ,,pr9t+ ,,(fice4 #aije4 ,,cont5ts4 ,page4 ,description #e ,c\ntries :]e gr[n #f ,pepp]m9t cultivation 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates #g ,cultivation #h ,conditions injuri\s to crop #i ,h>ve/+ & di/illation #aj ,description ( /ill #aa ,pepp]m9t oil & m5?ol #ab ,export ( pepp]m9t oil #ac ,prices ( pepp]m9t oil #ad ,,illu/rations4 ,page4 ,,fig4 #a4 ,pepp]m9t 8runn]s10 %[+ me?od ( propagation #f #b4 ,leaves & fl[]+ top ( pepp]m9t #f #c4 ,pepp]m9t /ill 7aft] ,dewey1 9 ,bailey's ,cyclop$ia ( ,am]ican ,horticulture7 #ab ,b4 ,p4 ,i--#ahi4 ,,pepp]m9t4#a ,,description4 ,"o ( ! mo/ important ess5tial oils produc$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates is di/ill$ f ! pepp]m9t plant & its v>ieties4 ,! ?ree k9ds ( m9t gr[n 9 ?is c\ntry = ! di/illation ( pepp]m9t oil are ! s-call$ ,am]ican m9t 7,m5?a pip]ita ,l471 ! black m9t 7,m5?a pip]ita vulg>is ,sole71 & ! :ite m9t 7,m5?a pip]ita (fic9alis ,sole71 ! two la/ nam$ be+ v>ieties ( ! ,am]ican m9t4 ,! ,am]ican m9t1 al?\gh introduc$ f ,engl& _m ye>s ago1 is s call$ f ! fact t x has long be5 cultivat$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & ! "n 8,/ate m9t0 has be5 appli$ to x 9 ! ,/ate ( ,new ,york = ! same reason4 ,! pepp]m9t1 or ,am]ican m9t1 is n[ naturaliz$ 9 _m p>ts ( ! ea/]n ,unit$ ,/ates1 occurr+ 9 wet soil f ! ,new ,engl& ,/ates to ,m9nesota1 s\? to ,florida & ,t5nessee4 ,x is an aromatic p]5nial belong+ to ! m9t family 7,m5?ace71 & propagates by means ( its long1 runn+ roots 7fig4 #a74 ,! smoo?1 squ>e /ems are erect & bran*+1 f #a to #c feet 9 height1 be>+ d>k-gre51 lance-%ap$ leaves1 :i* are f #a to #b in*es long1 & f "o-half to #a in* wide4 ,! leaves are po9t$ at ! apex1 r\nd$ or n>r[$ at ! base1 %>ply too!d1 smoo? on bo? sides1 or ) hairy ve9s on ! l[] surface4 ,! fl[]s are borne 9 :orls 9 d5se1 t]m9al spikes2 !y are purpli%1 ) a tubul>1 five-too!d calyx1 & a f\r-lob$ corolla4 7,fig4 #b47 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4--,pepp]m9t 8runn]s10 %[+ me?od ( propagation4 ,! two v>ieties m5tion$ are closely relat$ botanically1 al?\gh 9 g5]al appe>ance !y are q diff]5t4 ,! v>iety kn[n z black m9t 7,m5?a pip]ita vulg>is7 has purple /ems & slightly too!d1 d>k-gre5 leaves1 :ile ! :ite m9t 7,m5?a pip]ita (fic9alis7 has gre5 /ems1 ) bright] gre5 leaves1 :i* are m lance-%ap$ & m deeply too!d4 ,black m9t is mu* m h>dy & productive ?an ei!r ! ,am]ican m9t or ! :ite m9t1 & is gr[n on ne>ly all pepp]m9t f>ms 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! :ite m9t1 :i* produces a f9e grade ( oil1 is r>ely cultivat$ on a comm]cial scale 9 ?is c\ntry on acc\nt ( its inability to )/& ! climate & its small] yield ( ess5tial oil4 ,! oils spok5 ( z ,japanese & ,*9ese 8pepp]m9t0 oils are n obta9$ f ! true pepp]m9t plant1 b are di/ill$ f entirely diff]5t species1 namely1 ,m5?a arv5sis pip]asc5s ,mal9vaud & ,m5?a arv5sis glabrata ,holmes1 respectively4 ,,c\ntries ,,:]e ,,gr[n4 ,! mo/ important pepp]m9t-produc+ c\ntries are ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ,engl&1 & ,japan4 ,pepp]m9t is gr[n on a small] scale 9 ,g]many1 ,france1 ,italy1 ,russia1 ,*9a1 & s\!rn ,india4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4--,leaves & fl[]+ top ( pepp]m9t4 ,9 ,japan1 pepp]m9t cultivation is said to h be5 und]tak5 be=e ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,! plant gr[n !re is n1 z already /at$1 ! pepp]m9t cultivat$ 9 our c\ntry1 b ,m5?a arv5sis pip]asc5s1 :i* is entirely di/9ct f ! true pepp]m9t1 n only botanically b also 9 ta/e & odor4 ,pepp]m9t is cultivat$ on _m drug f>ms 9 ,engl&1 especially at ,mit*am1 ! middle ( ! eighte5? c5tury m>k+ ! beg9n+ ( pepp]m9t cultivation 9 t c\ntry4 ,up to #ahje1 h[ev]1 !re 7 no /ills at ,mit*am1 & ! crops obta9$ !re 7 s5t to ,london = di/illation4 ,ab\t #ahej1 at :i* "t ! pepp]m9t indu/ry 9 ,engl& 0 at its height1 ! effect ( ,am]ican competition began to be felt1 & caus$ a decid$ *eck 9 ! production4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,9 response to a /eady dem& = in=mation relat+ to ! pepp]m9t indu/ry1 ,miss ,alice ,h5kel1 ,assi/ant 9 ,drug-,plant ,inve/igations1 has be5 reque/$ to br+ toge!r ! mo/ important facts reg>d+ ! hi/ory1 culture1 & utilization ( ! pepp]m9t plant4 ,! in=mation "h pres5t$ has be5 obta9$ 9 l>ge "p f scatt]$ articles on ! subject1 & 9 "p f exp]i5ce ) ! plant 9 ! ,te/+ ,g>d5s ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture4 ,,rodney ,h4 ,,true1 ,physiologi/ 9 ,*>ge4 ,,(fice ,,( ,,drug-,,plant ,,inve/igations4 ,wa%+ton1 ,d4 ,c41 ,octob] #ad1 #aije4 ,,pepp]m9t ,,cultivation ,,9 ,,! ,,unit$ ,,/ates4 ,wayne ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,y41 9 #ahaf1 0 ! fir/ locality 9 ?is c\ntry to di/ill pepp]m9t on a comm]cial scale4 ,! supply ( root/ocks 0 obta9$ f ! wild plants f\nd gr[+ along ! banks ( /reams & brooks4 ,adjac5t c\nties soon und]took ! cultivation ( pepp]m9t1 b ,wayne ,c\nty 0 !n1 & is n[1 ! pr9cipal pepp]m9t di/rict 9 ,new ,york4 ,! cultivation ( pepp]m9t 0 ext5d$ to ,a%tabula1 ,geauga1 & ,cuyahoga c\nties 9 ,ohio1 & also to nor!rn ,indiana4 ,roots 7 tak5 f ,ohio into ,/4 ,joseph ,c\nty1 ,mi*41 ! fir/ plantation be+ made on ,pigeon prairie 9 #ahce4 ,o!r plantations 9 ,/4 ,joseph ,c\nty 7 e/abli%$ ! foll[+ ye>s1 & adjo9+ c\nties soon took up ! cultivation ( pepp]m9t1 & s\?we/]n ,mi*igan has be5 = ?irty-five ye>s or m ! greate/ pepp]m9t-produc+ section 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,ab\t #ahdd an int]e/+ pepp]m9t oil monopoly#b 0 und]tak5 by a ,new ,york firm1 :i* seems to h put an end to pepp]m9t cultivation 9 ,ohio1 = none ( ! c\nties j m5tion$ has s9ce be5 he>d f z a pepp]m9t-produc+ section4 ,! fir/ /ep tak5 by ?is ,new ,york firm 9 its ef=ts to control ! pepp]m9t oil m>ket 0 to s5d a repres5tative to ,liv]pool1 ,engl&1 to asc]ta9 ! am\nt annually dem&$ by t m>ket1 :i* 0 f\nd to be ab\t #ab1jjj p\nds4 ,?is done1 ano!r ag5t 0 s5t ,we/ to det]m9e ! am\nt produc$ annually1 ) ! result t x 0 f\nd t ! f>ms 9 ,new ,york did n produce en\gh oil = _! purposes1 ! plantations 9 ,ohio too mu*1 :ile ^? 9 ,mi*igan seem$ to produce j ab\t ! "r am\nt to satisfy ! ,liv]pool dem&4 ,a contract 0 !n ent]$ into by ?is ag5t ) ! produc]s 9 ,new ,york & ,ohio 8:]eby he b\nd !m "u heavy p5alties to pl[ up _! m9t fields & de/roy ! roots1 & n plant any m m9t1 or sell or give away any roots1 or produce or sell any m9t oil = ! p]iod ( five ye>s40 ,= ?is :olesale de/ruction ( _! m9t fields ! produc]s receiv$ a bonus ( #a4ej p] acre4 ,next a contract 0 made by ! ag5t ) ! produc]s ( ,/4 ,joseph ,c\nty1 ,mi*41 agree+ to pay !m #b4ej a p\nd = _! m9t oil1 e ounce ( ! m9t oil to be deliv]$ = a p]iod ( five ye>s to ! ag5ts nam$ 9 ! contract4 ,!y also 7 prohibit$ dur+ ?is p]iod f ext5d+ _! plantations & f sell+ roots to anyone4 ,! produc]s held to ^! contracts = ab\t ?ree ye>s1 aft] :i* p]iod ! ,new ,york firm 0 n s anxi\s to en=ce !m1 hav+1 9 ! meantime1 acquir$ a l>ge =tune ?r\gh its pepp]m9t oil monopoly4 ,s9ce t p]iod ! area devot$ to pepp]m9t cultivation 9 ,mi*igan has /eadily increas$1 & nor!rn ,indiana1 ) its pr9cipal c5t]s ( production 9 ,/4 ,joseph1 ,/eub51 & ,la ,grange c\nties1 cont9ues to place on ! m>ket a consid]able quantity ( oil4 ,ohio seems to h ab&on$ pepp]m9t cultivation1 at lea/ on a comm]cial scale1 & ,new ,york1 = a numb] ( ye>s & until v rec5tly1 _h greatly r$uc$ ! area "u pepp]m9t1 ?\s&s ( acres =m]ly devot$ to ?is crop hav+ be5 giv5 ov] to sug> beets1 onions1 & cel]y4 ,9 #ahhi ,wayne ,c\nty1 ,n4 ,y41 _h #c1cbe acres ( pepp]m9t1 :]eas 9 #ahii !re 7 only #cjj acres4 ,9 #aije1 ab\t #icc acres 7 "u cultivation4 ,special canvass]s appo9t$ by ! ,/ate ( ,mi*igan#c made a canvass ( #bii gr[]s 9 ! pepp]m9t di/rict 9 t ,/ate1 cov]+ #ci t[n%ips 9 n9e c\nties 7,allegan1 ,b]ri51 ,bran*1 ,cass1 ,kalamazoo1 ,oakl&1 ,/4 ,joseph1 ,/4 ,clair1 & ,van ,bur571 & ! total numb] ( acres "u pepp]m9t cultivation1 ! numb] ( p\nds ( oil di/ill$1 & ! av]age numb] ( p\nds p] acre1 z asc]ta9$ by ?is canvass1 = ! ye>s #aijj1 #aija1 & #aijb1 are z foll[s3 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------ ,items4 #aijj4 #aija4 #aijb4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------ ,total numb] ( acres gr[n #b1aab #b1ghb #f1djj ,total numb] ( p\nds di/ill$ #dg1fbh #fc1gah #hb1dbj ,av]age numb] ( p\nds p] acre #bb4e #bc4i #ab4h ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- ------ ,,footnotes3 #b ,proc4 ,am]4 ,ph>m4 ,assoc41 #g3 #ddi-dei 7#aheh74 #c ,tw5tie? ,annual ,report ( ! ,bureau ( ,labor ( ! ,/ate ( ,mi*igan1 #aijc1 pp4 #dch-ddg4 ,,cultivation4 ,pepp]m9t cultivation is mo/ pr(itable on muck l&s1 su* z are n[ us$ 9 ,mi*igan = ?is crop & = cel]y & cranb]ry culture4 ,^! muck l&s 7 =m]ly m>%es & swamps1 :i* h be5 reclaim$ by dra9+1 pl[+1 & cultivat+1 ! swamp vegetation hav+ be5 ?us subdu$1 & ! decay$ vegetable matt] result+ 9 a v black soil :i* is mo/ admirably adapt$ to m9t cultivation4 ,=m]ly pepp]m9t 0 gr[n exclusively on upl& soil 9 ,mi*igan1 b x is a v exhau/+ crop on su* l&4 ,only two crops c be obta9$ f upl& plantations1 & aft] ! second ye>'s h>ve/ ! l& is pl[$ & a rotation ( clov]1 corn1 etc41 is practic$ = five ye>s be=e pepp]m9t is aga9 plant$4 ,b on ! ri* muck l& pepp]m9t c be gr[n ye> aft] ye> = six or sev5 ye>s1 ! l& be+ pl[$ up aft] ea* crop is h>ve/$1 & ! runn]s turn$ "u to =m a new gr[? ! succe$+ ye>4 ,! gr\nd is h>r[$ 9 autumn & aga9 9 spr+1 & c>efully we$$4 ,pepp]m9t w gr[1 h[ev]1 on any l& t w produce good crops ( corn1 ! gr\nd be+ prep>$ by deep pl[+ & h>r[+4 ,9 ,mi*igan#d ! l& is pl[$ 9 ! autumn1 & e>ly 9 spr+ x is h>r[$ & m>k$ ) furr[s ab\t #c feet ap>t4 ,! roots select$ = plant+ are f "o-eigh? to "o-qu>t] ( an in* ?ick1 & f #a to #c feet long2 & ! workm5 engag$ 9 8sett+ m9t10 z ! process is call$1 c>ry ^! roots 9 sacks across _! %\ld]s & place !m 9 ! furr[s by h&1 cov]+ ! roots ) "o foot & /epp+ on !m ) ! o!r4 ,! roots are plant$ s close toge!r 9 ! furr[ z to =m a cont9u\s l9e4 ,an exp]t workman c plant ab\t an acre 9 a day4 ,9 ab\t two weeks ! "y plants w make _! appe>ance1 & are c>efully ho$ & cultivat$ until ,july & ,augu/1 :5 ! plants h usually s5t out s _m runn]s z to make fur!r cultivation difficult4 ,! crop is cultivat$ ) horse cultivators1 b if ! l& 0 v we$y 9 ! fir/ place1 ! we$s w h to be pull$ by h&4 ,x is v necess>y t ! l& be free f we$s1 z any collect$ ) ! pepp]m9t crop w s]i\sly injure ! quality ( ! oil4 ,x may be int]e/+ to note "h t on muck l&s1 :5 necess>y1 ! horses are usually provid$ ) mud %oes to prev5t _! s9k+ into ! s(t1 wet gr\nd1 ^! mud %oes consi/+ ( wide pieces ( iron or wood ab\t #i by #aj in*es1 fa/5$ to ! ho(s & ord9>y %oes by means ( bolts & /raps4 ,,conditions ,,injuri\s ,,to ,,crop4 ,cold & wet wea!r or extremely dry p]iods h a v unfavorable effect on ! m9t crop4 ,insect enemies also t5d to cut d[n ! m9t h>ve/--gras%opp]s1 crickets1 & cutworms sometimes do+ consid]able damage4 ,a ru/1 caus+ ! foliage to drop (f & leav+ ! /ems almo/ b>e1 is apt to foll[ if v moi/ wea!r occurs t[>d ! latt] "p ( ! season4 ,we$s are especially to be avoid$ 9 a m9t field1 s9ce1 z /at$1 ! quality ( ! oil w be s]i\sly impair$ if ^! are h>ve/$ ) ! pepp]m9t4 ,! we$s g5]ally f\nd 9 a pepp]m9t field are ,canada fleabane 7,leptilon canad5se71 firewe$ 7,ere*tites hi]acifolia71 giant ragwe$ 7,ambrosia trifida71 p5nyroyal 7,h$eoma pulegioides71 ,eaton's grass 7,eatonia p5nsylvanica71 ,june grass 7,poa prat5sis71 & o!r l[ grasses4 ,,footnotes3 #d ,tw5tie? ,annual ,report ( ! ,bureau ( ,labor ( ! ,/ate ( ,mi*igan1 #aijc1 pp4 #dch-ddg4 ,,h>ve/+ ,,& ,,di/illation4 ,! fir/ crop ( m9t is h>ve/$ 9 ! latt] "p ( ,augu/1 :5 ! plants are 9 full fl[]1 & ! ga!r+ cont9ues until ab\t ! middle ( ,septemb]1 ! /ills runn+ night & day until all ! m9t is dispos$ (4 ,! fir/ crop is usually cut ) a scy!1 z m[+ ma*9es d n "w well on s(t cultivat$ l&4 ,! succe$+ crops are cut ) a m[+ ma*9e or sweep-rake reap]4 ,! highe/ yield p] acre & ! be/ quality ( oil are obta9$ f ! fir/ ye>'s crop4 ,sometimes1 if ! wea!r conditions h be5 v favorable1 a second cutt+ is made4 ,! yield ( oil f pepp]m9t obta9$ f ! same field sometimes v>ies v mu*1 ! condition ( ! atmosph]e seem+ to ex]t an influ5ce ^u x1 z x is said t m9t cut aft] a w>m & humid night w yield m oil ?an t cut aft] a cool & dry night4 ,x requires ab\t #ccj p\nds ( dri$ pepp]m9t to produce #a p\nd ( oil1 & ! yield ( oil f an acre ranges f #ab to #ej p\nds4 ,if ! m9t crop has be5 gr[n on muck l&1 all t is necess>y aft] ! crop has be5 h>ve/$ is to pl[ up ! l& & turn ! runn]s "u = a new crop4 ,if gr[n on upl&1 aft] ! second ye>'s crop is 91 or1 at ! mo/1 aft] ! ?ird ye>'s h>ve/1 ! l& is pl[$ & !n giv5 up to o!r crops4 ,pepp]m9t exhau/s ! l&1 & x is necess>y to practice rotation ( crops = ab\t five ye>s 9 ord] to put ! l& 9 condition if x is desir$ to use x aga9 = pepp]m9t cultivation4 ,aft] ! plants are cut !y are usually plac$ 9 w9dr[s until !y are dri$1 b are n all[$ to become s dry z to p]mit ! leaves to %att] (f1 & are !n tak5 to ! di/ill]y4 ,"s gr[]s believe t if ! plants are all[$ to dry !re w be a small] oil cont5t ow+ to ! escape ( "s ( ! oil into ! atmosph]e1 & s h ! plants br\ght to ! di/ill]y 9 ! gre5 /ate2 b ,mr4 ,a4 ,m4 ,todd#e is ( ! op9ion t no loss ( oil w result f dry+1 8 exp]im5ts along ?is l9e %[+ t ! dry plants c be di/ill$ ?ree times z rapidly z ! gre5 plants1 & t a l>g] quantity ( oil may be obta9$4 ,he /ates t-- ,to obta9 ! be/ results1 bo? z to quality ( ess5tial oil & economy ( transportation & di/illation1 ! plants %\ld be dri$ z ?or\ghly z possible )\t endang]+ ! loss ( ! leaves 9 h&l+4 ,di/illation %\ld !n take place z soon z conv5i5t to prev5t ! oxidation ( ! oil 9 ! leaf by atmosph]ic action4 ,! small] produc]s1 :o h no /ills ( _! own1 h _! m9t crop haul$ to ! ne>e/ pepp]m9t di/ill]y1 :]e x is di/ill$ = !m at a co/ ( #be c5ts p] p\nd ( oil4 ,,footnotes3 #e ,am]4 ,j\r4 ,ph>m41 #fj3 #cbh-ccb 7#ahhh74 ,,description ,,( ,,/ill4 ,! app>atus us$ 9 pepp]m9t di/illation 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ! indu/ry 9 ?is c\ntry consi/$ ( a copp] kettle1 f ! top ( :i* a pipe connect$ ) a cond5s+ 8worm40 ,wat] 0 plac$ 9 ! kettle & ! plants 7 imm]s$ 9 x1 & direct heat 0 appli$ to ! bottom f a furnace4 ,) su* a /ill only ab\t #ae p\nds ( oil c\ld be obta9$ f a *>ge4 ,9 #ahdf1 l>ge wood5 vats 7 sub/itut$ = ! copp] kettles1 & ! plants 7 di/ill$ by /eam pass+ ?r\gh !m4 ,! kettle =m]ly us$ z ! /ill 0 n[ employ$ to g5]ate /eam1 a long pipe convey+ ! /eam to ! bottom ( ! vats4 ,) ?is me?od ( di/illation f #ge to #ajj p\nds ( oil c\ld be obta9$ f a *>ge )\t mu* additional exp5se4 ,a mod]n pepp]m9t /ill 7fig4 #c7 may be briefly describ$ z foll[s3 ,! app>atus requir$ consi/s ( a boil]1 a pair ( l>ge circul> wood5 vats1 a cond5s]1 & a receiv]4 ,! boil]1 ( c\rse1 is us$ = ! g5]ation ( /eam4 ,two wood5 vats are us$ 9 ord] t !y may be fill$ & empti$ alt]nately4 ,^! vats are ab\t #f feet high & ab\t #e feet 9 diamet]1 ) tight-fitt+ removable cov]s & p]=at$ false bottoms4 ,/eam pipes are l$ f ! boil] into ! bottom ( ! vats4 ,! cond5s] consi/s ( a s]ies ( pipes ( block t91 ei!r imm]s$ 9 tanks ( cold wat] or ov] :i* cold wat] is kept runn+1 ! cond5s] be+ connect$ ) ! top ( ! di/ill+ vats4 ,! cond5s$ /eam1 toge!r ) ! oil1 fl[s into a metallic receiv]1 9 :i* ! oil1 be+ light] ?an ! wat]1 rises to ! top & c be drawn (f4 ,! p]=at$ false bottoms ) :i* ! vats are suppli$ p]mit ! passage ( /eam4 ,a /rong iron hoop is plac$ ab\t ?is false bottom1 & two pairs ( /\t *a9s1 :i* meet at ! top ( ! vat 9 a pair ( r+s1 are atta*$ to x4 ,aft] ! *>ge has be5 di/ill$ x is drawn f ! vats by means ( ?is arrangem5t4 ,! plants are ?r[n into ! vats & are closely pack$ by two or ?ree m5 tramp+ ^u !m1 & z ! vat becomes ab\t "o-?ird full ! pack+ is /ill fur!r assi/$ by turn+ 9 a small supply ( /eam1 :i* s(t5s ! plants4 ,:5 ! vat is fill$ ! tight cov] is replac$ & a full head ( /eam turn$ on4 ,9 ! l>ge/ di/ill]ies ! vats h a capacity ( f #b1jjj to #c1jjj p\nds ( dri$ plants ea*4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4--,pepp]m9t /ill4 7,aft] ,dewey1 9 ,bailey's ,cyclop$ia ( ,am]ican ,horticulture47 ,a1 boil]2 ,b1 /eam pipes lead+ to vats2 ,c1 valves = %utt+ (f /eam2 ,d1 m9t pack$ 9 vat ready = di/ill+2 ,e1 m9t be+ l[]$ into vat2 ,f1 tight-fitt+ cov] us$ alt]nately = bo? vats2 ,g1 pipe f top ( vat1 jo9$ at ,h s z to sw+ to o!r vat2 ,j1 p]=at$ pipe1 f :i* cold wat] drops ov] cond5s+ tubes2 ,k1 supply pipe = cold wat]2 ,m1 cond5s+ pipes2 ,n1 outlet = cond5s$ oil & wat]2 ,o & ,p1 wat] & oil 9 sep>at+ c2 ,r1 outlet = wat]2 ,s1 floor ( di/ill+ room4 ,l>ge tanks are us$ = /or+ ! oil1 & cans hold+ #bj p\nds ea* are employ$ = %ipp+1 ?ree ( ^! cans be+ plac$ 9 a wood5 case4 ,! pepp]m9t hay :i* rema9s aft] di/illation is us$ z a f]tiliz] or is f$ to /ock4 ,,pepp]m9t ,,oil ,,& ,,m5?ol4 ,pepp]m9t leaves & fl[]+ tops are (ficial 9 ! ,eigh? ,dec5nial ,revision ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ph>macopia1 z are likewise ! foll[+ products & prep>ations d]iv$ f ^! p>ts3 ,oil ( pepp]m9t1 m5?ol1 _s ( pepp]m9t1 & pepp]m9t wat]4 ,! ,unit$ ,/ates ,ph>macopia describes oil ( pepp]m9t z 8a colorless liquid1 hav+ ! *>act]i/ic /rong odor ( pepp]m9t & a /rongly aromatic pung5t ta/e1 foll[$ by a s5sation ( cold :5 air is drawn into ! m\?40 ,x is l>gely us$ 9 m$ic9e1 int]nally z a /imulant & c>m9ative1 & ext]nally to relieve neuralgic & rheumatic conditions4 ,x is also us$ = flavor+ & sc5t+ confection]y1 cordials1 & cosmetics4 ,!re is a slight diff]5ce 9 ! odor ( :ite & black pepp]m9t oil1 ! black be+ m pung5t & less agreeable 9 fragrance ?an ! :ite1 :i* has a mu* f9] odor1 b1 z already indicat$1 ! :ite m9t is less h>dy ?an ! black & yields a small] quantity ( oil4 ,! ,japanese oil ( pepp]m9t1 :i*1 z po9t$ out else:]e 9 ^! pages1 is obta9$ f a diff]5t species ( m9t ?an t :i* produces ! true oil ( pepp]m9t1 is v inf]ior to ! la/ nam$4 ,x has a v unpleasant odor & a bitt]1 disagreeable ta/e1 b x is a heavy oil & conta9s a high] p]c5tage ( m5?ol &1 be+ a v mu* *eap] oil1 x is liable to be us$ z an adult]ant ( true pepp]m9t oil4 ,m5?ol1 =m]ly kn[n z pepp]m9t camphor1 is ! solid con/itu5t ( oil ( pepp]m9t1 obta9$ by subject+ ! di/ill$ oil to an exce$+ly l[ temp]ature by means ( a freez+ mixture4 ,its prop]ties are ab\t ! same z ^? ( oil ( pepp]m9t1 only some:at int5sifi$4 ,x is v l>gely made up into cones or p5cils1 :i* furni% a popul> rem$y1 to be appli$ ext]nally or inhal$1 = ! relief ( heada*e1 neuralgia1 cat>rh1 a/hma1 & k9dr$ affections4 ,x is also l>gely employ$ 9 o!r =ms ( m$ication4 ,! "n 8pipm5?ol0 has be5 appli$ to ! m5?ol obta9$ f ! ,am]ican oil1 to di/+ui% x f ! ,japanese m5?ol4 ,pipm5?ol is said to h a di/9ct odor ( pepp]m9t1 :ile ! ,japanese m5?ol has b a slight pepp]m9t odor4 ,,export ,,( ,,pepp]m9t ,,oil4 ,! exports ( pepp]m9t oil dur+ ! fiscal ye> end$ ,june #cj1 #aijd1 am\nt$ to #db1ici p\nds1 valu$ at #abd1gbh4 ,g]many & ! ,unit$ ,k+dom 7 ! l>ge/ consum]s1 ! =m] receiv+ #bb1cgb p\nds1 valu$ at #fe1eje1 & ! latt] #aa1eeh p\nds1 wor? #ca1gih4 ,! foll[+ tables %[ ! export ( pepp]m9t oil1 by c\ntries1 = ! fiscal ye> end$ ,june #cj1 #aijd1 & ! quantities & values ( pepp]m9t oil export$ = a p]iod ( t5 ye>s1 f ,july #a1 #ahid1 to ,june #cj1 #aijd1 inclusive3 ,exports ( pepp]m9t oil1 by c\ntries1 = ! fiscal ye> end$ ,june #cj1 #aijd4f ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,c\ntry4 ,quantity4 ,value4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,p\nds4 ,belgium #dgc #a1ehe ,france #c1jed #aj1jei ,g]many #bb1cgb #fe1eje ,italy #hbf #b1dga ,ne!rl&s #eij #a1icd ,unit$ ,k+dom #aa1eeh #ca1gih ,dom9ion ( ,canada3 ,nova ,scotia1 ,new ,brunswick1 etc4 #he #bcd ,quebec1 ,ont>io1 ,manitoba1 etc4 #a1afe #c1cjf ,newf\ndl& & ,labrador #id #bjd ,we/ ,indies3 ,briti% #ahc #gjj ,cuba #bi #hg ,dani% #ag #ee ,dut* #bj #fa ,arg5t9a #a1bcg #c1ejd ,briti% ,guiana #aj #ca ,p]u #ej #age ,briti% ,au/ralasia #a1agf #c1jai -------------------------------- ,total #db1iciabd1gbh ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,quantities & values ( pepp]m9t oil export$ dur+ ! fiscal ye>s #ahie to #aijd1 inclusive4#g ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,fiscal ye>4,quantity4 ,value4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,p\nds4 #ahie #hg1fcc #aid1faf #ahif #he1bij #agd1haj #ahig #afb1dib #beg1dhd #ahih #ade1cge #ahj1haa #ahii #aag1dfb #aah1bbg #aijj #hi1eeh #ij1bih #aija #fj1aff #fc1fgb #aijb #cf1cja #ed1hih #aijc #ac1jcc #cd1idc #aijd #db1ici #abd1gbh ---------------------------------------- -------------------- ,,footnotes3 #f ,! ,=eign ,comm]ce & ,navigation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ye> end+ ,june #cj1 #aijd1 vol4 #a1 p4 #eca1 ,bureau ( ,/ati/ics1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce & ,labor4 #g ,f ,! ,=eign ,comm]ce & ,navigation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ye> end+ ,june #cj1 #aijb1 vol4 #b1 p4 #cji4 ,bureau ( ,/ati/ics1 ,treasury ,dep>tm5t2 & ,! ,=eign ,comm]ce & ,navigation ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates = ! ye> end+ ,june #cj1 #aijd1 vol4 #a1 p4 #aib1 ,bureau ( ,/ati/ics1 ,dep>tm5t ( ,comm]ce & ,labor4 ,,prices ,,( ,,pepp]m9t ,,oil4 ,! price ( pepp]m9t oil 0 v l[ = a few ye>s prior to #aijj1 ! enorm\s production ( #ahig result+ 9 a great drop 9 price4 ,! l[e/ price paid = x 0 9 #ahii1 :5 x br\ght only #ge c5ts p] p\nd4 ,z a result ( ! l[ price a great _m m9t f>m]s re/rict$ ! area ( _! m9t plantations or altoge!r ab&on$ pepp]m9t cultivation4 ,! small] output ( ! foll[+ seasons aga9 s5t prices up1 & 9 #aijb ! oil sold z high z #d4ge a p\nd1 :i* price 0 ma9ta9$ until e>ly 9 #aijc1 :5 x gradually decl9$1 until t[>d ! end ( t ye> x rea*$ #b4bj p] p\nd4 ,! foll[+ table#h gives ! highe/ & l[e/ prices ( pepp]m9t oil 9 bulk f #ahgc to ,septemb] #af1 #aije3 ---------------------------------------- ---- ,ye>4 ,highe/4,l[e/4 ---------------------------------------- ---- #ahgc #c4ae #c4ae #ahgd #e4be #c4ge #ahge #e4ej #c4bj #ahgf #c4ge #b4dj #ahgg #c4jj #a4ge #ahgh #b4jj #a4ej #ahgi #b4fe #a4de #ahhj #b4hg #b4fj #ahha #b4he #b4ce #ahhb #b4ej #b4be #ahhc #b4fj #b4bj #ahhd #c4jj #b4ej #ahhe #d4cg #b4ge #ahhf #c4fj #b4ge #ahhg #b4ge #a4ij #ahhh #b4dj #a4ge #ahhi #b4cj #a4hj #ahij #b4dj #a4hj #ahia #b4ej #b4de #ahib #b4ej #b4ae #ahic #b4de #b4ae #ahid #b4de #a4gj #ahie #b4jj #a4gj #ahif #a4he #a4bj #ahig #a4be 4#ij #ahih 4#ij 4#hj #ahii 4#ij 4#ge #aijj #a4aj 4#hj #aija #a4hj #a4aj #aijb #d4ge #a4gj #aijc #d4ge #b4bj #aijd #c4ge #b4fe #aijei #c4de #b4be ---------------------------------------- ---- ,! good prices ( ! pa/ few ye>s h caus$ _m f>m]s to look aga9 to pepp]m9t z a pr(itable crop1 z not$ 9 increas$ areas "u cultivation 9 _m localities4 ,?is is ! case n only 9 ,mi*igan & ,indiana1 b also 9 ,new ,york1 :]e = _m ye>s ! pepp]m9t indu/ry has be5 decl9+4 ,?us1 if favorable conditions ( gr[? prevail1 an increas$ production may be look$ = )9 ! next few ye>s1 :i* w h ! effect ( aga9 depress+ prices4 ,z is ! case ) o!r products ! prices ( :i* are subject to great fluctuations1 ! condition ( ! m>ket = pepp]m9t oil ne$s to be closely obs]v$4 ,! co/ ( cultivation p] acre has be5 /at$ at f #ab to #ad1 &1 ) a *>ge ( #be c5ts p] p\nd ( oil = di/illation1 ! m>ket price may easily fall bel[ ! co/ ( production4 ,,footnotes3 #h ,f ,oil1 ,pa9t1 & ,drug ,report]1 ,septemb] #ah1 #aije1 p4 #g4 #i ,to ,septemb] #af4