,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,italics are enclos$ 9 und]scores4 ,additional notes w be f\nd ne> ! end ( ?is ebook4 ,illu/ration3 ,,mlle4 ,,*>lotte ,,du ,,val ,d',,ognes ,! ,metropolitan ,museum ( ,art1 ,new ,york ,,jacques ,,l\is ,,david ,,& ,,! ,,fr5* ,,revolution ,,by ,w4 ,r4 ,,val5t9] ,illu/ration ,,new ,,york ,,fr$]ic ,,fair*ild ,,%]man ,,mcmxxix ,copyright1 #aibi1 by ,fr$]ic ,f4 ,%]man ,,to ,,eleanor ,,& ,,edsel ,b4 ,,=d ,,illu/rations ,,mlle4 ,,*>lotte ,,du ,,val ,d',,ognes ,frontispiece ,,fig4 #a ,,madame ,,de ,,s]van 7#agii7 #c ,,fig4 #b ,h4 ,,rigaud3 ,,g5tleman ,,play+ ,a ,,bagpipe #c ,,fig4 #c ,f4 ,,b\*]3 ,,madame ,,de ,,pompad\r #c ,,fig4 #d ,,m9]va',s ,,conque/ ,,( ,,m>s 7#agga7 #d ,,fig4 #e ,,! ,,bl9d ,,belis>ius 7#agha7 #h ,,fig4 #f ,,! ,,oa? ,,( ,,! ,,horatii 7#aghd7 #h ,,fig4 #g ,,village ,,outside ,,rome 7#aghh7 #h ,,fig4 #h ,,view ,,9 ,,rome 7#aghh7 #h ,,fig4 #i ,,p5 ,,sket* ,,( ,,m>ie ,,anto9ette 7#agic7 ,made f ! arti/'s w9d[ z ! tumbril halt$ on ! way to ! scaffold #ad ,,fig4 #aj ,,/udy ,,f ,,! ,,italian ,,sket*book 7#aghh7 #ad ,,fig4 #aa ,,mi*el ,g,,r>d ,,& ,,8 ,,family 7#aghi7 #ah ,,fig4 #ab ,,portrait ,,( ,,b>,,re 7#agic7 #bb ,,fig4 #ac ,,lavoisi] ,,& ,,8 ,,wife 7#aghg7 #bf ,,fig4 #ad ,,mme4 ,,de ,,ri*mond ,,& ,,h] ,,son 7c4 #ahjj7 #bf ,,fig4 #ae ,,le ,,pelleti] 7#agic7 ,f engrav+ 9 ! ,l\vre #bf ,,fig4 #af ,,m>at 7#agic7 #bf ,,fig4 #ag ,,danton 7#agii7 ,f draw+ 9 ! ,museum1 ,lille #bf ,,fig4 #ah ,,madame ,,s]iziat ,,& ,,son 7#agie7 #cb ,,fig4 #ai ,,monsieur ,,s]iziat 7#agie7 #cb ,,fig4 #bj ,,m>at 7#agic7 #ch ,,fig4 #ba ,,/4 ,,j 7#agib7 #dd ,,fig4 #bb ,,self ,,portrait #dd ,,fig4 #bc ,,woman ,,( ,,! ,,revolution 7#agie7 #ea ,,fig4 #bd ,,napoleon ,,z ,,fir/ ,,consul 7#agig7 #ea ,,fig4 #be ,,portrait ,,( ,,vig,e ,,lebrun 7#agic7 #ed ,,fig4 #bf ,,madame ,,recami] 7#ahjj7 #ed ,,fig4 #bg ,,+res ,,z ,a ,,boy 7#agie7 #ed ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4 ,h4 ,,rigaud3 ,,g5tleman ,,play+ ,a ,,bagpipe ,museum1 ,aix ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4 ,l4 ,,david3 ,,madame ,,de ,,s]van 7#agii7 ,private ,possession1 ,new ,york ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4 ,f4 ,,b\*]3 ,,madame ,,de ,,pompad\r ,collection ( ,maurice de ,ro?s*ild1 ,p>is ,,jacques ,,l\is ,,david ,,& ,,! ,,fr5* ,,revolution ,is x possible t a p]iod l ! ,fr5* ,revolution & ! era ( ,napoleon's tyrann\s rule %\ld witness ! developm5t ( a great art8 ,x w\ld seem t 9 ! doma9 ( art fre% creative impulses are born m (t5 9 times ( unre/ & di/urbance ?an 9 p]iods ( political security4 ,^? epo*s 9 ! hi/ory ( art :i* we reg>d today z 8gold5 ages0--! age ( ,p]icles2 ! ,r5aissance at ab\t #aejj2 ! ,holl& ( ! day ( ,frans ,hals & ,rembr&t--7 by no means peaceful ye>s1 b p]iods ( national /rife & revolution>y ideas4 ,no happy alliance is possible betwe5 political discipl9e & art :i* spr+s f ! free1 untrammel$ impulse ( ! individual4 ,we ne$ only walk ?r\gh ^? gall]ies at ,fonta9ebleau arrang$ by ,napoleon dur+ ! days ( 8 ,empire to recognize ! dead5+ influ5ce ex]t$ by an e/abli%$ autocracy1 & feel bl[ coldly ov] u ! *illy brea? ( an academic & c\rt-inspir$ art4 ,on ! contr>y1 ! p]iod ( ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 & ! days ( ,napoleon's /ruggle to p[]1 :i* co9cid$ ) ! p]iod ( ,david's f9e/ a*ievem5t1 witness$ s p[]ful an onru% ( new ideas t _! influ5ce p]si/s till ! pres5t day4 ,mod]n art _h its inception 9 ?is p]iod1 & today1 aft] a lapse ( ov] a hundr$ ye>s1 is aga9 t5d+ 9 ! direction fir/ indicat$ by ,david4 ,x is h]e9 t ! significance ( 8 contribution lies4 ,help$ by ! influ5ces ( ! revolution1 he de/roy$ ! artificial1 hyp]-ref9$ art ideals ( ! eighte5? c5tury1 & sub/itut$ = !m a /]n]1 simpl]1 m heal?y & democratic art4 ,t is n to affirm t 8 art 0 great] ?an ! "o x sup]s$$4 ,david 0 n a g5ius ( ! highe/ ord] z 0 ,watteau1 b to ^? ( u s5sitive to ! =ces und]ly+ our own times1 x says--or %\ld say--m ?an pre-revolution>y art4 ,we ne$ only to comp>e a portrait ( ,david's /yle l ! "o ( ,madame de ,s]van 7,fig4 #a7 ) portraits ( 8 pr$ecessors 7,figs4 #b & #c7 9 ord] to recognize ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,rococo p]iod & ! new era1 introduc$ by ,david4 ,?is portrait ( ,madame de ,s]van1 pa9t$ ab\t #ahjj1a impresses "o z a composition ( /atuesque simplicity express+ ! sali5t _s ( a p]iod :i* 0 seek+ fundam5tally new doctr9es by :i* to gov]n life4 ,! portrait by ,rigaud1 ! fam\s c\rt pa9t] ( ! reign ( ,l\is ,,xiv1 pa9t$ 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! c5tury1 & ( ,b\*]'s portrait ( ,madame de ,pompad\r1 pa9t$ 9 #ageh1 d n diff] too mu* f ano!r 9 /yle4 ,9 ^! portraits ( ! ,rococo p]iod ! surface is fill$ ) a re/less play ( %ort-curv+ l9es2 light & %ad[ are alt]nat$ p]petually at close int]vals2 ! colors =m a pleas+ patt]n ( small v>iegat$ pat*es1 & ! co/ume & accessories almo/ eclipse ! real motif--t ( portraiture4 ,9 ,david's canvas ! figure em]ges cle>ly f a wide & empty space1 & a cle>1 fl[+ l9e ) def9ite horizontals & v]ticals has replac$ ! tortu\s curves4 ,x seems an extraord9>y piece ( d>+ = ! arti/ to h compos$ 9 ^! broad planes ) a completely empty backgr\nd1 :5 we consid] ! c5tury-old tradition embodi$ 9 ! old] pa9t+s4 ,x 0 ! ,fr5* ,revolution1 ) its rejection ( old =mulas :i* inspir$ ?is d>+4 ,b j z ! revolution1 f prelude to aft]ma?1 cov]$ a span ( "s tw5ty ye>s1 s ! arti/ requir$ a simil> p]iod ( "t to gradually atta9 ! classic /yle :i* we see "h /amp$ ) ! au?ority ( 8 fifty ye>s4 ,jacques ,l\is ,david 0 born 9 #agdh 9 ! middle ( ! ,l\is ,,xv p]iod1 & ! s*ool :i* fa!r$ him 0 t ( ,b\*]1 ! frank expon5t ( ! playful & elegant s*ool ( pa9t+ fo/]$ by ! artificial social life ( ,p>is4 ,david's e>lie/ kn[n composition1 8,m9]va's ,conque/ ( ,m>s10 pa9t$ 9 #agga 9 ! arti/'s tw5ty-?ird ye>1 & n[ 9 ! ,l\vre 7,fig4 #d71 %[s ,b\*]'s influ5ce cle>ly4 ,"h we /ill h ! unquiet b>oque l9e ( pre-revolution>y pa9t+--! picture is full ( detail1 ! drap]ies worn by ! figures flutt] 9 ! breeze l ^? ( ,b\*] & ! *]ubs belov$ ( ?is ma/] float 9 ! cl\ds4 ,! subject1 too1 is ( ! my?ologic-allegorical "* affect$ by ! pa9t]s ( ! c\rt & ! ari/ocracy4 ,! ,goddess ( ,wisdom conqu]s ! ,god ( ,w>6 ,:at irony :5 we rememb] t tw5ty ye>s lat] dur+ ! revolution ! pa9t] ( ?is picture 0 among ^? :o help$ let loose on ,france a w> ( tw5ty ye>s' duration4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4 ,,m9]va',s ,,conque/ ,,( ,,m>s 7#agga7 ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,if we look m closely we c disc]n an ali5 _s beh9d ! app>5tly suave portrayal4 ,despite 8 subject ! "y arti/'s combative ve9 em]ges4 ,true1 ,m>s is ov]?r[n1 b ) :at ill grace he accepts 8 fate4 ,x might be ,danton himself1 ! great revolution>y1 ov]?r[n by 8 enemies4 ,a face express+ su* fury ( despair1 s spasmodically cl5*$ a h& 0 nev] portray$ by any ( ! playful ,rococo pa9t]s1 & c we n disc]n some?+ ( ! en]getic ,napoleonic _s 9 ,m9]va's conqu]+ pose8 ,david mu/ h be5 ( a naturally passionate & excitable temp]am5t--possibly inh]it$ f 8 fa!r :o 0 kill$ 9 a duel :5 ! boy 0 elev5 ye>s old4 ,z a "y arti/ he appli$ = ! ,prix de ,rome1 & :5 he did n at once receive x f ! ,academy1 0 ab\t to take 8 life 9 despair & 0 only p]suad$ by a fri5d to ab&on ! idea ( />v+ himself to dea? aft] ?ree days ( fa/+ ) t purpose 9 view4 ,lat] on1 9 ext5uation ( ?is episode1 he said3 8,?is po/ponem5t ( my j\rney to ,italy 0 prejudicial to my developm5t1 z ,i 0 f\r ye>s too late 9 ab&on+ ! bad /yle ( ! ,fr5* pa9t]s40 ,l all re=m]s he believ$ t ev]y?+ produc$ by ! g5]ation prec$+ him 0 bad1 al?\gh today all t we c say is t x 0 diff]5t6 ,:51 9 #agge1 he did actually set out = ,rome1 & 8 fri5ds at p>t+ advis$ him to bew>e ! influ5ce ( ! antique1 he repli$ pr\dly1 8,antique art _c s$uce me--x lacks fire & passion40 ,be=e long1 h[ev]1 he 0 9 ?rall to ! classic art ( ,italy1 & )9 a few ye>s 8 art _h und]gone a complete trans=mation1 n only 9 =m b 9 subject4 ,"o ( ! fir/ pictures t he s5t f ,italy 9 #agha to be exhibit$ 9 ,p>is 0 8,! ,bl9d ,belis>ius10 n[ 9 ! ,museum at ,lille 7a lat] v]sion1 pa9t$ 9 #aghd1 9 ! ,l\vre7 7,fig4 #e74 ,belis>ius1 once an all-p[]ful g5]al ( ! ,roman ,emp]or ,ju/9ian1 cr\*es1 old1 bl9d & poor by ! side ( ! road4 ,! savi\r ( ,rome & conqu]or ( ,c>?age has fall5 into disgrace ) a ma/] jeal\s ( 8 fame1 & is r$uc$ to begg>y4 ,a ri* ,roman lady1 ) te>s 9 h] eyes1 is plac+ alms 9 ! old man's helmet held out by a y\?1 :ile a pass+ soldi] recognizes 8 old comm&] ) surprise & pa94 ,our arti/ has turn$ 8 back on ! *e]ful ,olympian !mes ( ! allegoric-my?ological s*ool1 & ) ?is tragic subject desc5ds to t _w ( sorr[ & mis]y 9 :i*1 b a few ye>s lat]1 he 0 to see 8 own nation engulf$4 ,he is /ill preoccupi$1 h[ev]1 ) classic !mes se5 ?r\gh ! eyes ( t antiquity 9 :i* he _h subm]g$ himself4 ,he has n yet completely a*iev$ 8 individual /yle1 & ,b\*]'s influ5ce is sup]s$$ by t ( ano!r ,fr5* pa9t] :o repres5t$ ! classic /yle "o hundr$ ye>s e>li]--,p\ss94 ,?is influ5ce la/$ ?r\gh\t 8 ,italian p]iod4 ,ev5 z late z #aghh we are con/antly rem9d$ 9 8 l&scape /udies ( ,nicolas ,p\ss9 & ,claude ,lorra91 z may be exemplifi$ by ! two pages f an hi!rto unpubli%$ ,italian sket*book dat$ #aghh1 reproduc+ views f ! surr\nd+s ( ,rome 7,figs4 #g & #h74b ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4 ,,! ,,bl9d ,,belis>ius 7#agha7 ,museum1 ,lille ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4 ,,! ,,oa? ,,( ,,! ,,horatii 7#aghd7 ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,j z ! poets & orators ( ! revolution h>k$ back to ! classic tr5d ( ! sev5te5? c5tury--z ,voltaire & ev5 ,robespi]re evok$ ,rac9e & ,corneille--,david1 too1 n[ foll[$ a tr5d ( ,fr5* art :i* has p]si/$ f m$ieval times to ! pres5t day1 t l9e ( classic1 simple1 antiquely conceiv$1 cle>ly con/ruct$ creations f :i* ! highly develop$ *ur* sculptures ( ! middle ages1 ! ,r5aissance pa9t+s ( ! p]iod ( ,francis ,i1 & ! art ( ,claude ,lorra9 & ,p\ss9 d]ive4 ,simplicity & /raight l9es replac$ ! re/less1 complicat$ curve 9 ! composition ( ! ,belis>ius4 ,x is n alone 9 ! ar*itecture1 /rongly influ5c$ by ! antique1 t ! horizontal & v]tical l9e multipli$ itself1 ! pa9t]1 too1 s\ght to l5d /r5g? & rhy?m to 8 composition by a p>allelism 9 ! ge/ures ( 8 figures4 ,! arms ( ,belis>ius & ! boy foll[ ! same l9e1 z d _! feet1 & ! soldi]'s h&s repeat ! p>allel ge/ure4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4 ,,village ,,outside ,,rome ,f ! ,italian sket*book 7#aghh7 ,private possession1 ,detroit ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4 ,,view ,,9 ,,rome ,f ! ,italian sket*book 7#aghh7 ,private possession1 ,detroit ,david a*iev$ ?is l9e> cord9ation betwe5 figures & ar*itecture ) ev5 great] success 9 8 next important "w1 8,! ,oa? ( ! ,horatii10 pa9t$ 9 #aghc & n[ 9 ! ,l\vre 7,fig4 #f74 ,! figures1 divid$ into ?ree gr\ps1 are pos$ 9 ma/]ly fa%ion aga9/ ! ?ree ar*es ( ! ar*itectural backgr\nd--?ree m5 on ! left1 ?ree female figures on ! "r1 & ! old man1 hold+ out ! ?ree swords 9 ! c5tre4 ,! movem5t sw+s f gr\p to gr\p ) ! same rhy?m t gov]ns ! curves ( ! ar*es1 & is /rongly emphasiz$ by ! p>allel l9es ( limbs & drap]ies4 ,we are told t ! out/ret*$ foot ( ! =emo/ y\? 0 drawn & r$rawn by ,david _m times4 ,x is n[ 9 exactly ! "r /ance to det]m9e ! g5]al l9e> movem5t & is at ! same "t a ma/]piece ( naturali/ic draw+4 ,! pose ( ?is y\?'s spe> has be5 criticis$ z practically impossible1 b x requires precisely ?is cont9u\s l9e to /r5g!n ! rhy?m ( ! out/ret*$ legs4 ,! motif is aga9 drawn f ,roman hi/ory1 ?is "t via a drama by ,corneille ) :i* ,david 0 famili>4 ,! ?ree sons ( ! old ,horace1 :o occupies ! c5tre ( ! canvas1 7 *os5 by ! ,romans to meet ! ,albans 9 s+le combat1 ! latt] be+ also repres5t$ by ?ree bro!rs1 ! ,curiatii4 ,x _h be5 agre$ t ?is combat %\ld decide :i* race w\ld h dom9ion ov] ! o!r4 ,! victory fell to ! ,horatii1 ! repres5tatives ( ,rome4 ,two ( ! bro!rs fell 9 combat ) ! ,curiatii1 b ! ?ird triumph$ ?r\gh a ruse--turn+ app>5tly 9 flight & kill+ 8 ?ree oppon5ts "o aft] ano!r z !y pursu$ him4 ,! trumpet call to fre$om implicit 9 ?is composition mu/ h rung 9 ! e>s ( ! y\?ful ,fr5* patriots :o cr[d$ to see x1 = x appe>$ at a mom5t :5 ! s\l ( "y ,france _h be5 /irr$ by ! ,am]ican w> ( indep5d5ce4 ,x 0 pa9t$ 9 ! ye> #aghc :5 ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 sign$ 9 ,p>is t treaty ) ,engl& 9 :i*1 = ! fir/ "t1 ! indep5d5ce ( ! ,am]ican ,union 0 recogniz$4 ,beyond ! ,atlantic !re _h come into exi/5ce a republic comp>able to ! ,roman republic1 an anti-mon>*ical conception ^: ideals 7 sympa!tic to ! progressive ?9k]s ( ,france1 ?\gh ,france 01 at ! same "t1 ! seat ( ,europe's olde/ & mo/ absolute mon>*y4 ,h[ did ?is message ( fre$om f across ! ocean affect ! y\? ( ,france8 ,our arti/'s e> 0 s5sitively attun$ to ! f]m5t ( radical ?\ght4 ,:ile ! pa9t]s ( ! old] s*ool1 ,b\*] & ,fragon>d1 /ill pa9t$ _! playful compositions & tri$ to dissemble ! tragic reality1 ! dull rumble ( ! com+ e>?quake s\nd$ its note 9 ,david's pa9t+s4 ,8 !mes became ev] m gruesome & inflammatory4 ,a pa9t+ 9 ,m>seilles depicts ,/4 ,ro*e plead+ ) ! ,madonna to succor ! sick1 & ! =egr\nd is fill$ ) dead1 plague-/rick5 bodies4 ,ano!r 9 ,val5ce repres5ts ! ,dea? ( ,ugol9o ) 8 ,sons--t horrible sc5e f ,dante's ,div9a ,comm$ia 9 :i* ! ,italian g5]al & 8 five sons die ( hung] 9 a dungeon into :i* !y h be5 ?r[n by 8 political enemies4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4 ,,p5 ,,sket* ,,( ,,m>ie ,,anto9ette ,made f ! arti/'s w9d[ z ! tumbril halt$ on ! way to ! scaffold 7#agic7 ,collection ( ,edmond de ,ro?s*ild1 ,p>is ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj4 ,,/udy ,,f ,,! ,,italian ,,sket*book 7#aghh7 8,! ,dea? ( ,socrates10#c pa9t$ 9 #aghg1 n[ 9 private possession 9 ,p>is1 enhanc$ ,david's rapidly gr[+ celebrity n only 9 ,france1 b abroad4 ,no less a p]sonage ?an ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds1 :o 0 !n 9 ,p>is1 said t he _h /udi$ ! picture daily = a week1 & ) e inspection f\nd x m p]fect4 ,x 01 he said1 8! greate/ a*ievem5t s9ce ,raffael's frescoes 9 ! ,vatican1 & w\ld h done honor to ! ,a!nians ( ! ,p]iclean age40 ,today1 ( c\rse1 ?is e/imate seems an exagg]ation to u4 ,! composition is assur$ly well plann$1 & admirable 9 _m ( its aspects3 ! y\?1 :o ) av]t$ face h&s ! poison$ cup to ,socrates1 & ! o!r y\? 9 ! backgr\nd beat+ 8 h&s aga9/ ! ar* ( ! doorway4 ,"s ( ! ge/ures seem !atrical1 h[ev]1 & individual figures1 su* z ! a?letic & un9spir$ ,socrates1 look z ?\gh !y _h be5 d]iv$ f a relief4 ,! composition is too /udi$2 x lacks feel+4 ,:y is x t ,david's great hi/orical compositions are apt to leave u cold1 especially ^? produc$ dur+ a p]iod ( great spiritual & political turmoil 9 :i* 8 own sympa?ies 7 greatly involv$8 ,8 "p 9 ! revolution amply proves ! /r5g? ( ! passions :i* might h f\nd an outlet 9 8 art4 ,:y 0 he n ! reali/ to dramatize ^? /ruggles l ,delacroix :o liv$ fifty ye>s lat]1 :5 revolution & _w-w> 7 ov]1 yet :o pa9t$ battles ( all k9ds ) ! mo/ t]rific naturalism4 ,! answ] lies 9 ?is v fact3 ,delacroix nev] witness$ ! battle sc5es he reproduc$2 !y are ! fruit ( 8 imag9ation4 ,x is impossible = a significant reali/ic art to develop dur+ w> & revolution4 ,:at "o exp]i5ces at su* times is s horrible t ! imag9ation is /ifl$ r ?an /imulat$4 ,only ins5sitive & co>se natures are capable ( pa9t+ sc5es ( horror ?r\gh :i* !y h liv$4 ,:51 & z n[ 9 our days1 reality weighs all too heavily ^u u1 art1 9 self def5se1 becomes ab/ract & )draws itself f reality4 ,x is = ?is reason t ! art ( ! revolution1 ,david's art1 0 /yliz$ & cool3 ! arti/ p]=ce took refuge f ! horrors ( reality 9 ! k+dom ( 8 imag9ation4 ,8 art1 l ! poetry & oratory ( ! day1 0 ideali/ic 9 tr5d4 ,:5 ,robespi]re deliv]$ ^? t]rible spee*es t s5t s _m human be+s to ! guillot9e1 he spoke sl[ly1 rhy?mically1 9 artfully r\nd$ phrases1 z ?\gh he 7 hold+ an academic discussion4 ,t ! great revolution>ies1 among :om we mu/ numb] ,david1 ?\ght ideali/ically r ?an reali/ically1 is prov$ conclusively by _! mann] ( express+ !mselves4 ,l all fanatics !y liv$ 9 a _w ( dreams & believ$ _! ideas--:i* seem$ to !m s spl5did--to be ei!r already realiz$ or on ! v]ge ( realization4 ,!y believ$ only "o la/ great ef=t to be necess>y1 to a*ieve--?\gh at ! co/ ( human lives--! fre$om ( humanity z a :ole4 ,?is alone c expla9 :y revolution>ies :o pursu$ _! ends ?r\gh riv]s ( blood1 seem at times inspir$ ) a noble & unexpect$ humanit>ianism2 :y !y 7 ne>ly all t5d] & devot$ m5 9 _! private family life4 ,danton idoliz$ 8 wife & *ildr51 ! lett]s ( ,camille ,desm\l9s to 8 bride are beautiful & t\*+1 & ,robespi]re1 ! solit>y1 ! incorruptible1 ^: private life 0 beyond criticism1 0 a great lov] ( nature1 :o br\ght1 we are told1 bun*es ( wild fl[]s home ) him f 8 long walks4 ,) ! portrayal ( ,brutus 7n[ 9 ! ,l\vre71 :o1 because ( 8 pr(\nd respect = ju/ice p]mitt$ ! execution ( 8 sons1 we f9d ourselves on ! ?re%old ( ! revolution4 ,brutus1 ) /]n1 d>k c\nt5ance1 is seat$ be=e ! ,goddess ( ,ju/ice1 :ile beh9d him ! bodies ( 8 sons are borne across ! sc5e & ! griev+ "m & si/]s cl+ toge!r 9 ! pill>$ hall ( _! dwell+4 ,:ile today we feel ! con/ruction ( ?is picture to be f> too /udi$1 & are incl9$ to dub x academic1 ,david's int5tion 0 direct$ precisely aga9/ ! !n accept$ traditional =mulas4 ,:oev] dream$1 said contempor>y criticism1 ( plac+ ! pr9cipal figure 9 ! %ad[ or plann+ a composition )\t reg>d to ! triangul> con/ruction8 ,david left ! c5tre ( ! canvas purposely free4 ,our eyes fall fir/ on a column1 a *air1 a /ill life arrangem5t on a table1 frankly at ! exp5se ( ! composition's unity4 ,! incid5tals 7 drawn ) extraord9>y c>e4 ,9 ord] to assure ! accuracy ( ! classic furni%+s1 ,david _h ! cab9et mak]1 ,jacob1 make ! pieces = him aft] 8 own designs4 ,! pa9t+ creat$ su* an extraord9>y s5sation t n only did x give ! fir/ impetus to ! ,p>isian vogue = classic furniture1 b wom5's fa%ions 7 def9itely influ5c$ by ! loosely coif$ hair & long fl[+ g>m5ts ( ! fem99e figures4 ,n ! lea/ significant "p ( ,david's contribution to art is ! influ5ce he ex]t$ on ! decorative arts & on fa%ion4 ,x is v r>e t ! influ5ce ( a s+le arti/'s "w on a bygone /yle c be s cle>ly measur$ z 9 ! case ( ,david1 f ^: art ! decorative art ( ! ,empire p]iod d]iv$4 ,only an arti/ :o is mu* 9 ! public eye c sway /yles1 & ,david became "o ( ! h]oes ( ! day :5 ?is composition 0 exhibit$ 9 ! ,salon ( #aghi--! ye> ^: autumn 0 to see ! outbreak ( ! revolution4 ,p]haps no o!r picture has ev] play$ s great a rle 9 ! political & social life ( a nation z ?is "w1 :i* is by no means its au?or's f9e/ production1 mu* less among ! f9e/ ( art hi/ory4 ,all ( :i* goes to prove h[ unreliable popul> ta/e is :5 x comes to a "q ( contempor>y art4 ,x 0 ( c\rse ! subject :i* evok$ su* enorm\s acclaim1 = ! v "n ( ,brutus 0 "o to conjure ) :]e ! radical y\? ( ,p>is 0 conc]n$4 ,:]ev] spee*es on ! new political conceptions 7 made !re 0 m5tion ( ! "n ( ,rome's deliv]] f ! yoke ( ,caes>1 & f ,mirabeau to ,danton ! p lov$ to connect ! "n ( ,brutus ) _! h]oes4 ,ev5 ! oppon5ts ( ! revolution believ$ !mselves to be inspir$ by him4 ,:5 ,*>lotte ,corday murd]$ ,david's fri5d ,m>at1 %e decl>$ 9 prison t %e hop$ to meet ,brutus 9 ,elysium4 ,?is v5]ation = antiquity1 :i* 0 *>act]i/ic ( ! revolution>y p]iod1 0 greatly fo/]$ by ,david's classical compositions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4 ,,mi*el ,g,,r>d ,,& ,,8 ,,family 7#aghi7 ,museum1 ,le ,mans ,! n>rative ( ! ,g]man writ] ,halem1#d :o visit$ ,p>is ! fir/ ye> ( ! revolution1 & att5d$ "s !atrical pres5tations1 tells u vividly h[ famili> ! populace 0 ) ,david's pa9t+4 ,he att5d$ a p]=mance ( ! 8,brutus0 ( ,voltaire1 at ! ,national ,!at]1 & relates t al?\gh he got to ! ,box ,(fice at five o'clock 9 ! aft]noon1 he _h ! utmo/ difficulty 9 obta9+ a seat4 ,he writes1 8,mirabeau /ood ne> me at ! ticket (fice & because ( 8 celebrity 0 giv5 a place 9 ! f\r? balcony4 ,i foll[$ him ?r\gh ! cr[d z be/ ,i c\ld & manag$ to get a *air 9 a r5t$ loge4 ,mirabeau's entrance 0 receiv$ ) ?und]\s applause & cries ( #8,to ! gall]y1 ,mirabeau4' ,z he did n respond a deputation wait$ on him1 ! spokesman say+1 #8,! ,fr5* nation dem&s its ,brutus4' ,he _h to give 91 & 0 borne away to be receiv$ 9 ! gall]y ) raptur\s applause4 ,:at a triumph :5 lat] ,val]ius' words to ,brutus1 #8,on y alone all eyes "h are turn$1 #8,y :o broke our *a9s & gave u ! gift ( fre$om1' 7 address$ po9t$ly to him4 ,at ! end ( ! play ,i 0 amaz$ to see ,david's pa9t+ ( ,brutus reproduc$ on ! /age4 ,9 speak+ ,brutus' la/ words ) :i* ! play closes3 #8,rome n[ is free4 ,t is en\gh4 ,! gods be ?ank$1' ,vanhove1 ! lead+ actor1 assum$ ! pose ( ,david's ,brutus1 & ! bodies ( 8 sons 7 borne across ! back ( ! /age4 ,e ,p>isian kn[s ,david's picture4 ,ev]yone in/antly recogniz$ ! int5tion ( publicly honor+ ! arti/ ?r\gh ?is pres5tation1 & g5]al applause height5$ ! celebration40 ,s reads ! n>rative4 ,:at _h happ5$8 ,:y ?is en?usiasm ( cr[d & intellectuals = a new day8 ,:y ^! celebrations )9 celebrations8 ,ev5 today1 almo/ "o hundr$ & fifty ye>s lat]1 ! words 8,fr5* ,revolution0 r\se our blood1 lit]ature is divid$ into oppos+ camps by :i* ei!r ! revolution or ! mon>*y is condemn$1 & !re are _m :o hold 9 abhorr5ce ! ev5ts ( ^? days & ! !ories t br\ght !m into be+ & believe t ! awful ba? ( blood might h be5 avoid$--z ?\gh revolutions 7 ! "w ( m5 & n natural occurr5ces l tidal waves t ! individual c nei!r br+ into be+ nor arre/ 9 _! c\rse4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( ! human race we see aga9 & aga9 h[ "o social /ratum aft] ano!r climbs up1 pu%+ aside ! "o t prec$$ x4 ,:51 z 9 ,france1 a mon>*y & ari/ocracy has be5 9 p[] long en\gh to weak5 9 its rule because security & luxury h und]m9$ its morale & its /r5g?1 ano!r /ratum1 sc5t+ ?is weakness1 seeks to wre/ to itself ?is p[] :i* its fre% & undra9$ life =ce fits x m ably to use4 ,9 ,france ?is social /ratum 0 ! ,b\rgeoisie1 ! ,?ird ,e/ate1 :i* f ! beg9n+ ( ! new era--! sixte5? c5tury--_h gr[n /rong comm]cially & illu/ri\s 9 art & lit]ature1 b _h n yet a*iev$ any political rights4 ,! nobility1 h[ev]1 pref]r$ to die r ?an all[ ! p[] :i* !y _h held = hundr$s ( ye>s to pass f _! h&s--q naturally1 = ! function ( gov]nm5t is _! only elem5t4 ,s came ! unequal battle 9 :i* f ! beg9n+ ! victory 0 to ! "y & p[]ful /ratum4 ,to ! rul+ class =m alone 0 left1 :ile ! class :i* aspir$ to rule possess$ passion4 ,l all "y1 unpractis$ & fanatical fight]s1 _! repres5tatives %ot f> beyond _! goal1 & because1 ?\gh victors1 !y 7 /ill unpractis$ 9 ! use ( p[]1 !y abus$ x1 de/roy$ s5selessly :atev] /ill liv$ ( ! old rgime1 & !n turn$ ^u ea* o!r until ! /ronge/ pu%$ ! o!rs aside & became supreme4 ,^! /ronge/ among ! /rong 7 successively ! lead]s ( ! ,con/itu5t & ,legislative ,assemblies3 fir/ ,mirabeau1 lat] ! s-call$ ,t]rori/s1 among !m ,danton1 ,robespi]re & ,m>at1 & f9ally ,napoleon4 ,! democratic idea 0 victori\s 9 ! ,fr5* ,revolution despite ,napoleon1 :o1 at fir/1 embodi$ ?is idea 9 himself1 & ^: ,empire 0 only ! %ort reaction :i* foll[s all new exp]im5ts4 ,its consequ5ces h p]si/$ to our own day1 :5 z ! revolution's f9al result "o mon>*y aft] ano!r 9 ! ,european sc5e has gone into eclipse4 ,if we w\ld be j we mu/ admit t dur+ ! revolution !re 7 h]oes on bo? sides1 among ! mon>*i/s z well z ! revolution>ies4 ,among ! mon>*i/s--to "n a few ( ! m notable--7 ! ,k+1 ! ,que5 & ,*>lotte ,corday4 ,on ! revolution>y side we c mu/] practically all ( ! lead]s1 :o soon] or lat] almo/ all p]i%$ on ! scaffold = _! pr9ciples1 & we c famili>ize ourselves ) ^! m5 ?r\gh ,david's portraits4 ,! outw>d ev5ts ( ! beg9n+ ( ! revolution are well kn[n4 ,! f9ancial difficulties ( ! ,gov]nm5t compell$ ! ,k+ & 8 ,advisors to conv5e ! ,/ates ,g5]al1 :i* _h n met = g5]ations4 ,! elections ( ! deputies _h already r\s$ popul> passion1 & :5 ! ,gov]nm5t1 aft] ! ,assembly _h conv5$1 endeavor$ to e/abli% ! old ord] 9 :i* all ! p[] 0 ve/$ 9 ! upp] classes & ! ,?ird ,e/ate _h none1 revolt broke loose4 ,"u ,mirabeau's lead]%ip ! repres5tatives ( ! ,?ird ,e/ate left ! ,assembly1 & met1 = lack ( o!r qu>t]s1 9 ! ,jeu de ,paume 7! ,t5nis ,c\rt71 :]e !y took oa? n to dissolve until !y _h e/abli%$ a new con/itution4 ,?is 8,oa? ( ! ,t5nis ,c\rt0 0 immortaliz$ by ,david 9 a fam\s composition ( :i* only sket*es by ,david & pa9t+s aft] 8 c>toon by o!r arti/s h be5 pres]v$4#e ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,b>,,re 7#agic7 ,palais1 ,v]sailles ,x 0 a ye> lat]1 :5 ! ,revolution>y ,assembly _h e/abli%$ its p[]1 t x recall$ t great day ( ! beg9n+ ( ! revolution & commission$ ,david to pa9t ! picture4 ,x is aga9 ! ,g]man poet ,halem1 :o describes ! circum/ances = u1 9 a lett] writt5 by him aft] a visit to ! ,jacob9 ,club4 ,he writes3 8,aft] cont9u$ spee*ify+1 ,dubois de ,cranc1 a memb] ( ! ,national ,assembly1 rose & recall$ to ! memory ( ^? pres5t t day on ,june #bj? ( ! prec$+ ye>1 :5 six hundr$ h>ri$ & un>m$ ,deputies1 surr\nd$1 z he put x1 #8by ! ,ori5tal pomp & ! bayonets ( despotism1' laid ! corn]/one ( ,fr5* fre$om by ! well-kn[n oa? ( ! t5nis c\rt at ,v]sailles4 ,nev] c\ld he recall ?is ev5t1 said he1 )\t 8 he>t beat+ fa/]1 )\t a gl[ ( patriotic feel+4 ,he propos$ ! =mulation ( an address to ! assembly 9 :i* !y %\ld be ask$ to sanction 7#a47 ,t ! t5nis c\rt1 grave ( despotism & cradle ( fre$om1 be decl>$ a national monum5t1 clos$1 & d$icat$ to /illness4444 7#b47 ,t ! wond]ful mom5t ( ?is fir/ oa? be p]petuat$ by a pa9t+ #abj high & #cj wide1 pa9t$ by ! greate/ ( ! ,fr5* ma/]s1 & hung 9 ! ,national ,conv5tion4 #8,i say1' he cont9u$1 #8by ! greate/ ( ! ma/]s1 & to :om else c\ld ,i ref] ?an to him :o s nobly depict$ ,brutus & ! ,oa? ( ! ,horatii8' ,! vault$ hall rang ) l\d cries ( ass5t4 ,david ! pa9t] 0 pres5t4 ,ev]yone turn$ t[>d him1 & pale ) en?usiasm ! "y man /epp$ to ! orator's plat=m & ?ank$ ! ,assembly 9 trembl+ tones = its tru/1 :i* he hop$ f 8 he>t to adequately repay1 add+ t\*+ly1 #8,sleep w n visit me = _m a night4' 8,!n ensu$ a noble rivalry4 ,abb ,dillon arose fir/ to v9dicate 8 "r to appe> 9 ! picture among ^? tak+ ! oa?4 ,he 0 "o ( ! few cl]ics :o _h belong$ to ! ,national ,assembly be=e ! day ( ! ,oa?4 ,at t mom5t he _h be5 oblig$ to take *>ge ( ! unimportant cl]ical ar*ives1 & consequ5tly _h n be5 pres5t4 ,he call$ ! memb]s pres5t to witness & 8 claim 0 admitt$4 ,!n arose ! ,comte de ,noailles to voice 8 approval ( commemorat+ ! ,oa? ( ^? brave citiz5s4 #8,b1 alas1' said he1 #8! =m] ari/ocracy sees itself exclud$ & h[ _m ( u e*o$ t oa? 9 our he>ts4 ,if only ! pa9t] c\ld depict u /&+ 9 ! di/ance ) ye>n+ he>ts & ! burn+ wi% t we might be among ! celebrants ( ! ,oa?4' ,a ?ird /ood up & express$ ! wi% t ! suppliants might be includ$ 9 ! picture4 ,a f\r? dem&$ t ^? wret*es :o _h be5 pres5t at ! ,oa?1 b :o _h lat] fall5 = ! good cause be n includ$4 ,a fif? got up & relat$ a /ory ( ,bailly :o aft] fruitless ef=ts to calm ! mob ar\nd ! t5nis c\rt1 /epp$ out & comm&$ sil5ce 9 ! "n ( ! ,national ,assembly4 ,?is decision1 ?is comm&1 ! "n ( ! ,national ,assembly !n spok5 op5ly to ! p = ! fir/ "t1 _h a great effect1 _h quiet$ ! mob & p]haps det]m9$ its future mood4 ,! orator ask$ ! pa9t] if he c\ld make use ( ?is incid5t 9 8 composition4 ,! pa9t] /epp$ once m to ! plat=m & ?ank$ !m all = _! rem>ks1 begg+ !m to rememb]1 h[ev]1 t ! picture mu/ h bo? unity & hi/orical accuracy4 ,he 0 g5]ally applaud$4 ,mirabeau !n took ! floor & ) m>vell\s adroitness conc$$ full despotic p[] to g5ius su* z t ( ! arti/ ,david1 & propos$ t ,dubois de ,cranc prep>e a writt5 petition = ! ,national ,assembly4 ,dubois made ! excuse t he 0 ab\t to leave = ! c\ntry & cries ( #8,mirabeau6 ,mirabeau6' res\nd$4 ,mirabeau und]/ood ! call & accept$ ! =mulation ( ! address4 ,he read x at "o ( ! next sitt+s & ! ma/]'s h& 0 recogniz$40 ,s mu* = ! acc\nt ( ! eyewitness4 ,david exhibit$ ! c>toon = 8,! ,oa? ( ! ,t5nis ,c\rt0 9 ! ,salon ( #agia & on ,b>re's proposal ! ,national ,assembly vot$ t ! pa9t+ be c>ri$ out at ! co/ ( ! ,/ate & be hung 9 ! ,national ,conv5tion z an inc5tive to zeal4 ,9 ! ,catalogue ( ! ,exhibition ,david _h /at$ t x 0 n 8 int5tion to make lik5esses ( ! memb]s ( ! ,national ,assembly4 ,h[ easily1 nev]!less1 ! ,p>isian public recogniz$ ! v>i\s p]sonalities & :at a s5sation ! composition made is prov$ by ! fact t ,b>re practically became a p]sonage ?r\gh ! fact t ,david portray$ him writ+1 9 ! left =egr\nd1 ne> ! pr9cipal gr\p--plac+ on pap] = po/]ity ! tale ( ! great ev5t4 ,b>re's n too inspir$ j\rnal1 ,po9t du ,j\r1 became f t mom5t a mu* s\ght-aft] %eet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4 ,,lavoisi] ,,& ,,8 ,,wife 7#aghg7 ,private ,collection1 ,new ,york ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4 ,,mme4 ,,de ,,ri*mond ,,& ,,h] ,,son 7c4 #ahjj7 ,collection ( ,mr4 ,edw>d ,j4 ,b]w9d1 ,new ,york ,despite ! _m *>act]i/ic types1 ,david's composition 8,! ,oa? ( ! ,t5nis ,c\rt0 is ess5tially 9 ! monum5tal /yle 9 :i* q ju/ly details are subord9at$ to ! _s ( ! :ole4 ,! ?rong+ cr[d /&s out aga9/ ! b>e walls ( ! ,t5nis ,c\rt1 9 a cle>ly def9$ l9e> patt]n1 built up by ! myriad out/ret*$ h&s4 ,! figures are all fill$ ) a mighty dramatic =ce4 ,bailly1 ! presid5t1 9 ! c5tre1 /&s l a /atue ( bronze4 ,= ! fir/ "t ,david %ook himself free ( hi/orical subjects1 depict$ a contempor>y ev5t & prov$ himself well able to adapt 8 ideali/ic /yle to su* a !me4 ,9 ?is simplifi$ idiom he atta9$ ! expression ( a dignifi$1 rhetorical passion :i* he 0 unable to encompass to a l degree 9 8 hi/orical subjects1 & ! l(ty idealism ( ! composition speaks well = ! s9c]ity & int5sity ( 8 convictions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4 ,,m>at 7,draw+7 ,/udy = ! pa9t+ 9 ,brussels ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag4 ,,danton 7,f draw+ 9 ! ,museum1 ,lille7 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4 ,,le ,,pelleti] 7,f ! engrav+ 9 ! ,l\vre7 ,! radical ,jacob9 ,club1 ^: memb]s _h pl$g$ !mselves s en?usia/ically to ! promotion ( 8 art1 became !reaft] "o ( 8 favorite haunts4 ,because1 z an arti/1 he 0 n p>ticul>ly judici\s politically he all[$ himself to be influ5c$ by ! extremi/s ^: bit+ logic is (t5 m compell+ to temp]am5tal laym5 ?an are m mod]ate c\ncils4 ,david _h1 z 8 :ole c>e] cle>ly proves1 a r>ely f9e in/9ct = ! elem5t>y =ces 9 political & social life1 & ^? to :om he n[ turn$1 ! repres5tatives ( ! 8,m\nta90--to :om ,m>at1 ,danton & ,robespi]re belong$--7 z a matt] ( fact ! /ronge/ p]sonalities on :om lead]%ip 0 soon to devolve4 ,?anks to !m he 0 elect$ to ! ,national ,assembly 9 #agib4 ,he nev] assum$ any lead+ "p1 = a defect 9 8 spee* int]f]$ ) 8 public speak+1 b he (t5 gave v5t to 8 en?usiasm only by l\d cries ( ass5t4 ,= ! re/ 8 contribution lay 9 ! field ( art4 ,he busi$ himself ) c>toons = monum5tal pa9t+s1 ) monum5ts1 ) arrang+ national fe/ivals1 sket*+ classical co/umes = all ! function>ies1 & 9 organiz+ ! arti/ _w1 always1 we mu/ admit1 f an ideali/ic /&po9t4 ,he has be5 mu* criticis$ = ! fact t he concurr$ 9 ! ,k+'s execution1 & lat] 9 ,danton's4 ,9 ! condemnation ( ! ,k+1 h[ev]1 he foll[$ 8 p>ty2 9 ,danton's case 8 reasons 7 p]sonal4 ,! pr9cipal oration aga9/ ! ,k+ at 8 trial 9 #agic 0 made by ,b>re1 ! lawy]1 :o advocat$ ,david's composition to ! ,national ,assembly1 & :om ,david lat] immortaliz$ z hi/oriograph] 9 8 "w4 ,david pa9t$ a ma/]ly portrait ( him deliv]+ ! ,impea*m5t ( ,l\is ,,xvi 7,fig4 #ab74 ,9 ! composition :i* lies be=e him on ! p>apet is writt5 ! beg9n+ ( ! fam\s spee* :i* ends ) ! words1 8,! ,tree ( ,lib]ty c\ld n gr[ 7 x n wat]$ ) ! blood ( ,k+s40 ,b>re1 good-look+ & a clev] orator1 0 n among ! nobl] ( ! revolution>ies4 ,he belongs to t v small gr\p ( revolution>y lead]s :o did n !mselves become sacrifices1 b outliv$ ! revolution 9 all its phases & held public (fice ev5 9 ! times ( reaction "u ,napoleon & ! ,b\rbons4 ,! ,abbe ,sieys 0 ano!r ( ?is gr\p4 ,he 0 f ! v fir/ a repres5tative ( ! ,?ird ,e/ate & a*iev$ "s reputation "u ,napoleon4 ,david1 too1 ^: art safegu>d$ him among ! dang]s ( ! revolution1 belongs to !m4 ,bo? ,sieys1 ^: cl]ical frock 0 8 protection1 & ,david 7 help$ by ! fact t !y knew h[ to /& alo(4 ,b>re1 h[ev]1 0 ! type ( politician :o trims 8 sails to meet ! w9d & uses 8 sagacity to judge n :]e "r b :]e might is & !n diplomatically allies himself to x 9 ord] to always be 9 ! vangu>d ( ev5ts4 ,8 accusations aga9/ ! ,k+ only express$ ! g5]al feel+ ( ! p :om he /rove to please4 ,true1 ?is g5]al s5tim5t w\ld n h be5 possible _h n ! mon>*y = ye>s be5 its own wor/ enemy & made ( itself a laugh+ /ock4 ,!re is1 inde$1 no excuse = political murd]4 ,! ,k+ m]it$ ! guillot9e z little z did ?\s&s ( o!rs on bo? sides :o 7 sacrific$ to x on acc\nt ( _! political op9ions4 ,t ,l\is ,,xvi 0 arraign$ be=e a tribunal ( 8 p1 h[ev]1 0 9 "p at lea/ ! fault ( ! mon>*y itself4 ,?is p>ticul> ,k+ possess$ v few ( ^? qualities :i* a nation expects f its sov]eign4 ,x is "o ( ,fate's mo/ rem>kable ironies t ,l\is ,,xvi _h e desire to be democratic--b 8 mann] ( s be+ 0 un=tunate to a degree4 ,! /ory runs t z n9ete5 ye> old ,dauph9 he us$ to pursue ! s]vants lad5 ) soil$ laundry 9 ord] to tickle !m "u ! arms1 & z ,k+ ! blacksmi?'s hamm] & anvil 7 8 favorite div]sions4 ,! "y & *>m+ ,m>ie ,anto9ette f\nd x h>d to accu/om h]self to a clumsy husb& ) soil$ h&s :o em]g$ r$-fac$ f 8 smi?y & approa*$ h] affectionately4 ,x happ5$ t did ! ,k+ espy f a w9d[ masons work+ 9 ! c\rty>d bel[ he w\ld run d[n ) roll$-up sleeves to assi/ !m4 ,!re is a c]ta9 k9d ( good nature t is inappropriate to ,pr9ces4 ,8 portraits %[ him z hav+ a clumsy1 phlegmatic figure & pla91 n too intellig5t features4 ,a typical repres5tative ( a doom$ ca/e1 he lack$ any en]gy to /em mis=tune1 any orig9ality or appreciation ( ! new conceptions ( ! day4 ,x seems z ?\gh a curse re/s on p ( ?is type1 t ev]y?+ !y d t5ds only to make _! situation worse1 z ?\gh !y help to br+ ab\t _! own de/ruction4 ,:at weakness :5 9 ! h\r ( ! greate/ dang] ,l\is writes to 8 bro!r1 ! ,comte d',artois3 8,i h revok$ ! ord]s t ,i gave4 ,my troops w ab&on ,p>is1 & ,i w use m g5tle means4 ,don't speak to me ( a ,c\p d'tat1 a display ( =ce4 ,i feel x is wis] to wait = ! /orm to abate1 & to expect ev]y?+ f "t1 f ! awak5+ ( "r-?9k+ p & ! love ( ! ,fr5* nation = _! ,k+40 ,ideas ( ?is k9d nev] arre/$ a revolution6 ,x 0 =tunate = him t 8 phlegmatic temp]am5t c\ld f9d refuge 9 pray]4 ,?is quality help$ him to meet dea? ) resolution b 0 ( small s]vice to ! ca/e he repres5t$4 ,! times 7 too viol5t = ,*ri/ian temp]am5ts su* z ! ,k+'s4 ,once :5 ,david receiv$ a commission = a portrayal ( ,*ri/1 & 8 patron rem>k$ subsequ5tly t ! figure look$ m l ,cato1 ,david's reply 03 8,! times are n favorable = ,*ri/5dom40 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ah4 ,,madame ,,s]iziat ,,& ,,son 7#agie7 ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ai4 ,,monsieur ,,s]iziat 7#agie7 ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,! ,k+1 h[ev]1 cont9u$ to rely on ! love ( ! ,fr5* = _! mon>*4 ,z a matt] ( fact ?is s5tim5t 0 c5turies old & _h p]si/$ until ! e>ly ye>s ( 8 reign1 b ! ari/ocracy _h help$ by d]ision & calumny to de/roy all v5]ation = ! mon>*y1 poets & writ]s s[$ d\bts z to ! efficacy ( ?is =m ( gov]nm5t1 & ! nation began to lose its age-old respect z ! ,k+'s weaknesses became app>5t4 ,x is common prejudice t ,pr9ces on acc\nt ( _! em95t position %\ld be diff]5t & m di/+ui%$ ?an ! common run ( mortals1 al?\gh hi/ory proves t notable p]sonalities are z r>e on ! ?rone z 9 o!r walks ( life4 ,if a rul] is gift$1 he c all[ himself to come into contact ) 8 p2 if1 z 9 mo/ cases1 he is n1 he is bett] advis$ to all[ himself to be admir$ f af>4 ,l\is ,,xvi1 h[ev]1 did j ! opposite4 ,we "k :at undignifi$ sc5es took place :5 ! mob on sev]al occasions p5etrat$ ! palace4 ,an innkeep] /epp$ up to ! ,k+ & spoke to him say+1 aft] ! ,k+'s reply1 8,y did well to give me a civil answ]1 o!rwise ,i'd h made y headwait] 9 my inn tomorr[40 ,if ! ,k+ _h giv5 ?is rascal ! bl[ 9 ! face he des]v$1 he might h be5 sp>$ 8 long m>tyrdom ) ! scaffold at ! end4 ,in/ead1 h[ev]1 he w5t up to ano!r ruffian :o _h ?ru/ a r$ cap on 8 head1 & :o seem$ to be /umbl+ drunk5ly aga9/ a door & help$ him to op5 x4 ,ev5 on ! scaffold he want$ to help ! execution] cut (f 8 hair4 ,! cool fa%ion 9 :i* he w5t to meet 8 doom1 at lea/1 m]its our admiration4 ,an ,am]ican hi/orian has fitt+ly rem>k$3 8,! unruffl$ dignity ) :i* he met dea? 0 ! f9e/ act ( 8 reign40 ,po/]ity has devot$ mu* sympa?y to ,m>ie ,anto9ette ^: portraits by ,vige ,le,brun 7,fig4 #be7 & o!r c\rt pa9t]s are famili> to all art lov]s4 ,al?\gh %e1 too1 0 by no means an out/&+ rul] h] life is p>ticul>ly ri* 9 human & t\*+ incid5ts4 ,h] v weaknesses are ^? :i* ar\se "o's sympa?y4 ,:o c\ld blame ! "y ,pr9cess1 br\ght to ,p>is f ,vi5na at ! age ( fifte51 t %e rema9$ 9 tutelage to h] "m & s\ght h] advice8 ,b ?is v relation%ip :i* result$ :5 mis=tune ov]took h]1 9 an appeal = help to ! =eign c\rts1 br\ght ab\t h] d[nfall4 ,:o c fail to und]/& t ! lovely & vivaci\s ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 surr\nd$ by ! pleasure-lov+ society ( ,p>is1 & ti$ to a dull husb& to :om1 nev]!less1 %e rema9$ fai?ful1 %\ld h look$ ab\t h] = cong5ial fri5ds4 ,x 0 ?is1 h[ev]1 t gave rise 9 c\rt circles to ^? calumnies :i* s injur$ h] reputation among h] subjects & f9ally ru9$ h]--calumnies f\nd$ only on gossip1 n on facts4 ,:o c\ld blame h] = f9d+ burd5some ! exagg]at$ etiquette ( ! ,fr5* c\rt1 ! public d9n] ( ! ,k+ & ,que5 once a week1 ! ridicul\s c]emonies ( ! lev]1 ! cr[d :i* att5d$ ev5 ! bir? ( h] *ildr54 ,& :y %\ld ?is inexp]i5c$ ,que5 h be5 held answ]able = extravagant exp5ditures = g[ns & fe/ivities :5 h] pr$ecessors _h sp5t j z mu* & ! money 0 always giv5 ) ! ,k+'s approval8 ,h] only faults 7 inexp]i5ce & lack ( caution4 ,un=tunately1 :5 h] husb& prov$ himself unfit1 %e essay$1 to h] undo+1 to take ! political re9s 9 h] own h&s4 ,9 h] endeav\r to save h]self & h] family %e all[$ h] fem99e sympa?ies & antipa?ies to influ5ce h] politically & s made matt]s worse4 ,! price %e paid = h] mi/akes 0 t]rific4 ,9 all ! hi/ory ( royalty !re is h>dly a m t]rible plunge f ! p9nacle ( p[] & weal? to ! dep?s ( mis]y4 ,art & culture nev] bloom$ m luxuriantly 9 ,france ?an 9 ! e>ly ye>s ( ,m>ie ,anto9ette's reign4#f ,! mo/ exquisite ta/e p]vad$ ! mode & 0 display$ at c\rt functions2 ! furniture1 ornam5ts1 bronzes & porcela9s design$ = ,m>ie ,anto9ette are among ! mo/ delightful productions ( ,fr5* decorative art2 ! great ,fr5* pa9t]s ( ! ,rococo p]iod--,b\*]1 ,fragon>d & ,hub]t ,rob]t--7 /ill alive1 z well z ! sculptors ,h\don1 ,falconet & ,clodion4 ,x 0 natural t ! "y ,que5 %\ld h pref]r$ ?is art to ,david's ) its cold1 /]n quality & sombre1 tragic motifs2 t %e ignor$ revolution>y lit]ature1 pref]r+ to amuse h]self ) *>m+ ,italian op]as or ! music ( ,gluck :i* %e introduc$ to ,france4 ,t all ?is spl5d\r collaps$ sudd5ly ) ! revolution 0 n ! mo/ s]i\s ?+ t fac$ ! ,que5--mis=tune pursu$ h] into h] mo/ intimate family life4 ,%e1 :o lov$ h] *ildr5 above all else & :o1 :5 ! ga!r+ disa/]s grew clos] & clos] to h] husb&1 saw ! collapse ( "o pill> aft] ano!r ( h] v exi/5ce4 ,h] y\nge/ *ild di$ 9 8 elev5? mon?4 ,! ,dauph91 a gift$ & *>m+ lad ( sev51 sick5$4 ,h[ c\ld ! "m :o lay sobb+ across ! dea?-b$ ( h] son at ,meudon worry ov] ! ga!r+ /orms 9 ,p>is ?r\gh :i* peal$ ! knell ann\nc+ ! ,dauph9's dea?8 ,!n came ! days :5 ! mob hung ?reat5+ly ar\nd ! palace & =c$ h] to leave ,v]sailles = ,p>is 9 its triumphant tra94 ,:5 ! populace /orm$ ! ,tuill]ies & %e fe>$ = ! fate ( h] o!r *ildr5 h[ deeply (f5d$ 0 ! dignity :i* %e possess$ 9 ! same measure t ! ,k+ lack$ x4 ,:5 ! ,royal family 7 br\ght back f _! unlucky flight to ,v>5nes amid ! abuse & insults ( ! mob1 ! ,k+ accept$ x all ) 8 usual calm & ev5 tri$ to conv]se ) 8 foll[]s4 ,! ,que51 on ! contr>y1 suff]$ s horribly "u ! humiliation t h] hair turn$ :ite ov] night4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 b ! beg9n+4 ,!n came ! p>t+ ) ! ,k+ :o 0 l$ to ! scaffold 7,janu>y #ba1 #agic72 !re 0 ! ev5 m pa9ful p>t+ ) h] *ildr51 & ! torture ( almo/ a ye> 9 prison )\t news ( !m1 )9 sight ( ! bloody heads :i*1 l t ( h] fri5d ! ,pr9cesse de ,lamballe1 7 c>ri$ pa/ h] w9d[ on pikes4 ,:5 %e 0 hal$ be=e ! ,tribunal1 :]e %e made answ] calmly to all accusations1 %e 0 b a %ad[ ( h]self4 ,david made a draw+ ( h] on h] way to ! scaffold 7,octob] #af1 #agic7--;a horrify+ sket* 7,fig4 #i74 ,does !re p]haps speak f x ! injur$ vanity ( an arti/ ^: "w _h once be5 ignor$ by ?is =m] ,que58 ,:at a /udy 9 contra/s6 ,?is 0 %e :o only a few ye>s previ\sly _h be5 ! lovely model = ! mo/ *>m+ portrait ( ! c\rt pa9t]s4 ,m>ie ,anto9ette 0 execut$ dur+ ! 8reign ( t]ror10 s-call$1 ! sangu9>y & prec>i\s ye>s #agic-id4 ,foll[+ ! results ( ! revolution & its excesses all ,europe _h comb9$ aga9/ ,france1 & only ! utmo/ conc5tration ( int]nal =ces made victory aga9/ su* a coalition possible4 ,! ,national ,conv5tion plac$ ! direction ( affairs 9 ! h&s ( a committee ( n9e1 among :om 7 ,danton1 ,robespi]re1 ,m>at & ,/4 ,j1 & ?is ,committee sav$ ,france4 ,!y =m$ & s5t into ! field ! volunte] armies :i*1 at fir/ unorganiz$1 gradually obta9$ asc5dancy ov] ! exp]i5c$ coalition troops & f9ally drove !m f ! field4 ,ev]y?+ t might "w injury to ! troops at ! front 0 ru?lessly put aside4 ,hundr$s ( ari/ocrats foll[$ ! ,k+ & ,que5 to ! scaffold4 ,murd] 0 ! ord] ( ! day & ?9n$ out n only ! fri5ds ( ! old rgime1 b also ! ranks ( ! revolution>ies !mselves4 ,! e>lie/ ( ^! to fall 9 connection ) ! ,k+'s execution 0 ,le ,pelleti]1 =m]ly ! ,comte de ,/4 ,f>geau1 a memb] ( ! ,conv5tion1 :o 0 murd]$ by a memb] ( ! ,k+'s body-gu>d on ! eve ( ! execution ( ! ,k+1 on ,janu>y #bj1 #agic1 because he _h vot$ = ! ,k+'s dea?4 ,bu/s ( ,le ,pelleti] & ,brutus 7 plac$ 9 ! ,palace ( ,ju/ice1 & ,david quickly complet$ a f9e pa9t+ ( ! victim :i* he (f]$ to ! ,conv5tion 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 8,fell[ ,citiz5s1 ea* "o ( u is responsible to ! ,fa!rl& = ^? gifts :i* nature has be/[$ on u2 div]se ?\gh _! expression may be1 ! goal is ! same = u all4 ,e true patriot %\ld use e means to inspire 8 fell[ citiz5s & br+ be=e !m at all times ! great examples ( h]oism & virtue4 ,i am mov$ by ^! ?\ghts 9 (f]+ to ! ,national ,conv5tion ! pa9t+ ( ,mi*el ,le ,pelleti] :o 0 murd]$ 9 c[>dly fa%ion because he vot$ = a tyrant's dea?40 ,un=tunately ?is pa9t+ has be5 lo/4 ,le ,pelleti]'s desc5dants1 into ^: possession x pass$1 7 ,royali/s1 & hid ! pa9t+1 de/roy+ ! plates & all ! engrav+s :i* _h be5 made f x4 ,! reproduction 7,fig4 #ae7 0 made f ! only exi/+ impression 9 ! ,cab9et ( ,engrav+s 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,! composition is conceiv$ 9 ! gr& & au/]e mann] :i* *>act]iz$ ,david's "w 9 ^! days ( t]ror & fanatically exagg]at$ idealism4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bj4 ,,m>at 7#agic7 ,museum1 ,brussels ,be=e six mon?s 7 up ano!r assass9ation1 ?is "t ( "o ( ! lead]s ( ! revolution--,m>at--r\s$ ! memb]s ( ! ,conv5tion & ! populace to ! utmo/4 ,h>dly _h ! news spread abroad be=e "o ( ! memb]s ( ! ,conv5tion arose cry+3 8,:]e art ?\1 ,david8 ,y made a portrait ( ,le ,pelleti] = po/]ity :5 he di$ = 8 c\ntry1 n[ ! occasion has aris5 = ano!r "w40 8,?is too ,i w d10 ,david answ]$1 & produc$ "o ( 8 mo/ mov+ compositions 7,figs4 #af & #bj74 ,x is plann$ ) great p[] & simplicity1 & fill$ ) deep & tragic feel+1 = ,m>at 0 8 fri5d4 ,no?+ has ar\s$ m a/oni%m5t ?an ?is fri5d%ip ( ,david's = ,m>at :o has be5 reg>d$ z ! blood?ir/y in/igator ( ! horrors & deviltries ( ! revolution4 ,if we look into ! matt] m closely1 h[ev]1 we mu/ recognize 9 ,m>at qualities :i* expla9 ! e/eem ( m5 l ,david4 ,he _h rem>kable philosophic & sci5tific gifts4 ,:ile 8 enemies describ$ him z a quack doctor1 or1 z ,c>lisle errone\sly /ates1 a vet]9>y1 z a matt] ( fact 8 pr(essional contributions z an oculi/ 7 s rem>kable t "s ( 8 writ+s h be5 repr9t$ ev5 ( late ye>s4 ,be=e ! revolution he 0 ! mo/ celebrat$ oculi/ ( ! ari/ocracy1 & ! ,comte d',artois1 lat] ,*>les ,x1 _h appo9t$ him z 8 p]sonal physician at a sal>y ( two ?\s& p\nds4 ,8 philosophical writ+s1 su* z ! ?ree volume ,essays on ,man :i* appe>$ 9 ,engli% & ,fr5*1 a*iev$ a reputation = him abroad4 ,al?\gh he did n become a memb] ( ! ,fr5* ,academy1 on acc\nt ( 8 disagreem5t ) ,voltaire & 8 attack on ,newton1 no less a p]son ?an ,goe! express$ himself conc]n+ ?is inju/ice4 ,b5jam9 ,frankl91 too1 0 among ^? :o visit$ ,m>at & 7 int]e/$ 9 8 exp]im5ts 9 physics4 ,on ! outbreak ( ! revolution he ab&on$ 8 c>e] z doctor & s*ol> to develop an a/oni%+ public zeal f\nd$ on 8 passion = ! new ideas4 ,he influ5c$ ! developm5t ( ! new =ms ( gov]nm5t 9 no small measure1 advis$ aga9/ copy+ ! ,engli% con/itution ) :i* he _h famili>iz$ himself dur+ a /ay 9 ,engl&1 & oppos$ all :o attempt$ to assume ,dictator%ip1 ev5 ,mirabeau1 !n ,lafayette & lat] ,g5]al ,dum\riez1 ^: treason he =esaw be=e ,dum\riez w5t ov] to ! ,au/rians & ! ,girondi/s4 ,he vot$ = ! condemnation ( ! ,k+1 :om he accus$ ( treason to 8 c\ntry1 b advis$ aga9/ 8 condemnation = ev5ts :i* happ5$ prior to ! revolution4 ,t he 0 n s blood?ir/y z 8 oppon5ts w\ld h u believe is prov$ by 8 insi/5ce t ,male%]bes1 ! k+'s advisor1 %\ld n be condemn$ ) him z he 0 8a wise & v5]able old man40 ,h[ _m ( ! wild imprecations :i* 7 publi%$ aga9/ 8 enemies1 & p>ticul>ly aga9/ ! nobility 9 8 j\rnal ,l',ami du ,peuple may be laid at 8 door1 is a "q4 ,?is pap] 0 suppress$ at v>i\s times1 & :ile ,m>at 0 9 hid+ x appe>$ ) di/ort$ v]sions ( 8 op9ions giv5 out by 8 enemies or suppos$ fri5ds1 9 ! endeav\r to br+ discr$it on him4 ,! really e/abli%$ facts conc]n+ him place him 9 no unfavorable light4 ,he oppos$ ! ,girondi/s because he oppos$ a =eign w>1 f :i* he felt n only ! ,mon>*i/s b ^? ,radicals :o work$ 9 ! d>k l ! ,girondi/s hop$ to draw advantage1 & :i* he felt might result 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( a milit>y dictator%ip4 ,he =esaw ! ,septemb] murd]s1 & dem&$ ! e/abli%m5t ( a tribunal = ! prison]s4 ,?is 0 n done1 & ! murd]s consequ5tly took place4 ,true 8 impassion$ p5 evok$ dea? & de/ruction ^u 8 oppon5ts1 b he 0 p]secut$ all 8 life & 8 enemies retaliat$ 9 k9d4 ,m ?an once he fl$ f dea?1 hid+ = weeks at a "t 9 cell>s & 9 sew]s & contract+ f lack ( n\ri%m5t all sorts ( bodily ills :i* 8 iron en]gy enabl$ him to disreg>d4 ,ill1 unable to att5d ! ,conv5tion1 al?\gh work+ all day long1 he s\ght relief 9 hot ba?s :]e he wrote by plac+ a bo>d across ! ba? = 8 books & pap]s4 ,)1 9 any case1 b a %ort "t to live1 he fell victim to ! murd]]'s knife 9 ! h&s ( an ecc5tric & tal5t$ "y noblewoman1 ,*>lotte ,corday1 :o hop$ to end ! revolution by murd]+ ,m>at1 :]eas h] de$ _h exactly ! opposite effect4 ,%e belong$ to ! ,girondi/ circles ^: p]secution foll[$ ! outbreak ( ! w> & ^: suppression ,m>at dem&$ :5 at fir/ victory seem$ d\btful4 ,m>at 0 unque/ionably a true fri5d ( ! p & 8 publi%$ & spok5 convictions 7 utt]ly s9c]e4 ,9 spite ( 8 p[]ful & completely indep5d5t position1 = he 0 affiliat$ ) no p>ticul> p>ty1 he reject$ e sal>i$ position1 e political di/9ction & liv$ 9 ! poore/ circum/ances1 ! v ba?tub :i* he us$ & :i* lat] atta9$ a sort ( celebrity z a curiosity be+ borr[$ f a neighbor4 ,he receiv$ petition]s )\t numb]1 & endeav\r$ 9 ! 8,lett]box0 ( 8 pap]1 :i* he 0 ! fir/ to introduce1 to answ] ! c\ntless que/ions put by ! p4 ,*>lotte ,corday only obta9$ an int]view ) him aft] sev]al unsuccessful attempts1 by pret5d+ t %e 0 seek+ help = a wid[ ) five *ildr54 ,! pap] :i* ,m>at holds 9 8 h& 9 ,david's picture 0 s5t 9 by h] to obta9 admission1 & n )\t reason or effect has ! arti/ made ^! words legible3 8#ac ,july1 #agic1 ,*>lotte ,corday to ,citiz5 ,m>at40 8,to be un=tunate is to be sure ( y\r assi/ance40 ,an ord] = #be francs :i* ,m>at _h made out = ! wid[ 9 ^: "n ,*>lotte ,corday s\ght 8 aid lies on ! /ool 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,h] dagg] seems to h f\nd him :ile he affix$ 8 signature to x4 ,?is composition is among ,david's f9e/ a*ievem5ts 9 its comb9ation ( v simple =ms & great expressiv5ess4 ,we almo/ feel ! corpse /ill lives1 /ill brea!s4 ,! mo/ t\*+ naturalness is comb9$ ) a truly h]oic /yle comp>able to t ( ,france's great tragic poets1 su* z ,rac9e & ,corneille4 ,if we rememb] t at ! "t ?is picture 0 pa9t$1 ! elegant ,rococo pa9t]s 7 /ill produc+ _! piquant compositions1 we recognize t 9 art z 9 life a new era _h dawn$1 an art f\nd$ on entirely new conceptions1 :i* built its compositions ) l>ge & massive =ms & s\ght aga9 ^? dep?s ( inspiration :i* _h entirely disappe>$ f ! art ( ! c\rt pa9t]s4 ,david pa9t$ /ill ano!r composition z propag&a = 8 political ideals4 ,a ?irte5-ye>-old drumm] boy1 ,joseph ,b>a1 fell 9 ! battles 9 ! ,v5dee 9 ,decemb]1 #agic1 & ,david 0 commission$ by ! ,conv5tion to immortalize ! dea? ( ?is "y h]o ( ! ,republic4 ,?is pa9t+1 n[ 9 ! ,museum at ,avignon1 al?\gh unf9i%$1 & v simple 9 conception1 has _m *>m+ qualities4 ,fr5* writ]s h p>ticul>ly prais$ ! purity & elegance ( ! draw+ & ! beauty ( ! y\?ful =m2 & 9 fact ! swell+ rhy?mic l9e & vivacity ( ! bodily =ms are v pleas+4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we analyse ! ess5tially novel quality 9 ?is art1 x lies 9 ! r$uction ( ! composition to its b>e ess5tials1 comb9$ ) a deep5$ expressiv5ess4 ,! sc5e ( ! battle 9 :i* ! boy fell is only lightly indicat$4 ,9 ! backgr\nd are cl\ds :i* might be cannon smoke1 & f> to "o side ! disappe>+ =m ( a /&>d be>]4 ,! boy presses ! republican cockade to 8 brea/ ) "o h&--!re is no o!r indication ( ! day's realities--ev]y?+ else is univ]sal1 ideali/ic4 ,! nak$ness1 ! boy's idealiz$ features1 ! wide empty spaces ( ! backgr\nd ) its sugge/ion ( a hill--ev]y?+ is conc5trat$ on ! suff]+ & inspiration :i* speak f ! l9es ( ! body4 ,! mom5t ( transition f life to dea?--:i* to be sure ! fri5ds ( ! revolution _h ample *ance ( obs]v+--is wond]fully depict$4 ,we feel ! trembl+ ( ! body1 ! lift ( ! brea/1 ! /iff5+ ( ! m\? & ( ! half-clos$ eyes4 ,! curi\s color s*eme ( ! pa9t+1 ! ?9 sulphur yell[ backgr\nd1 ! pale blue %ad[s 9 ! figure1 ! luxuriant d>k br[n hair & ! brightly color$ cockade--contrive a curi\s effect4 ,close bonds ( fri5d%ip unit$ ,david to ,danton & ,robespi]re1 ! two o!r lead]s ( ! ,reign ( ,t]ror1 z well z to ,m>at--al?\gh ?is applies only to ! e>ly days :]e ,danton is conc]n$4 ,! break ) him is "o ( ! episodes 9 ! pa9t]'s life :i* is mo/ difficult to expla9 al?\gh ,david c h>dly h be5 alone to blame1 = ,danton's viol5t nature 0 prone 9 mom5ts ( passion to trans=m fri5ds into foes4 ,x is un=tunate1 h[ev]1 t ,david did n exhibit m indep5d5ce 9 8 political op9ions1 & t ev5 ?\gh he all[$ himself to be dragg$ 9 ,robespi]re's tra91 he help$ 9 ! d[nfall ( ?is mo/ /irr+ ( ! revolution>y h]oes4 ,! v>y+ attitudes ( revolution>y critics make x ev5 h>d] to evaluate ,danton's p]sonality & contribution ?an t ( ,m>at4 ,unlike ,m>at he 0 no knight ( ! p51 b a man ( words & de$s1 liv+ fi]cely 9 ! passions ( ! mom5t1 & always at 8 be/ 9 ! times ( greate/ difficulty4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ba4 ,,/4 ,,j 7#agib7 ,private ,possession1 ,p>is ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bb4 ,,self ,,portrait 7#agid7 ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,! p]sonal docum5ts :i* give u intimate glimpses ( ! p]sonalities ( ! o!r revolution>y lead]s are entirely lack+ 9 ,danton's case4 ,he 0 too impulsive = ?is =m ( expression1 or1 9 8 leisure mom5ts1 too lazy4 ,8 portraits give "o an impression ( ! /r5g? & s(tness1 ob/9acy & good nature1 en]gy & procra/9ation1 :i* *>act]iz$ ?is h]o ( ! revolution ^: dramatic fate has be5 ! inspiration ( _m a poet4 ,8 c>e] 0 %ort b glori\s4 ,he rose l a meteor f ! obscurity ( a prov9cial law practice to a dom9at+ position1 & dur+ ! ye>s #agib to #agid 8 p[]ful figure 0 9 ! =egr\nd & associat$ ) e important ev5t4 ,8 oppon5ts accus$ him ( cruelty & di%one/y4 ,x is und5iable t he occasionally indulg$ 8 wild impulse to de/roy ^? t oppos$ him1 z witness 8 spee*1 8,revolutions _c be c>ri$ out on tea40 ,al?\gh ! ,septemb] murd]s occurr$ dur+ 8 day1 8 guilt lies r 9 n prev5t+ !m1 ?an 9 any in/igation ( !m4 ,he 0 occupi$ at t "t ) ! =mation ( ! volunte] army1 & ! monum5t erect$ to 8 memory by ! ,city ( ,p>is 9 ! eighties1 :i* depicts him inspir+ ! citiz5s ) flam+ words to dep>ture = ! tott]+ front1 0 well des]v$4 ,:atev] ! faults ( 8 /ormy & excitable nature1 he did m ?an any o!r to save 8 c\ntry 9 a mom5t ( grave dang]4 ,s f> z 8 di%one/y is conc]n$1 he seems n[ & !n to h dealt n all too accurately ) ,/ate & private prop]ty1 b 8 patriotism 0 none ! less s9c]e4 ,we mu/ rememb] t n all active natures c live on no?+1 l ,m>at & ,robespi]re1 & t a p[]ful physical con/itution dem&s o!r recreations4 ,danton _h f> m love ( life ?an ! dry ,robespi]re1 & lik$ to be surr\nd$ by 8 m5 & wom5 fri5ds4 ,he f9ally1 to ! horror ( "s hi/orians1 acquir$ a small c\ntry prop]ty :]e he hop$1 8 lab\rs ov]1 to retire ) wife & *ildr51 an ambition de/9$ nev] to be fulfill$4 ,!re is 9 ! ,museum at ,troyes a portrait by ,david ( ,danton's fir/ wife1#g ! brave ,gabrielle1 a heal?y1 capable & intellig5t h\sewife ) black eyes & rosy *eeks--a true type ( ! new ,b\rgeoisie4 ,%e seems to h be5 z *e]ful z %e 0 k9d1 & gave ,danton sev]al *ildr5 to :om he 0 t5d]ly atta*$4 ,%e 0 de/9$ n to see 8 d[nfall4 ,:5 9 ,febru>y1 #agic1 he return$ f ! ,belgian front1 he f\nd t 8 wife _h di$ & be5 buri$ sev]al days previ\sly4 ,x is *>act]i/ic bo? ( 8 love = h] & 8 untam$ nature t sev5 days aft] h] dea? he _h bo? grave & c(f9 op5$ up1 embrac$ ! corpse & commission$ a sculptor fri5d to make a dea? mask & a bu/ ( h]4 ,8 fri5ds _h great difficulty 9 sav+ him f an emotional breakd[n4 ,ev5 ! cool ,robespi]re s\ght to com=t him 9 ! mo/ feel+ mann] 9 a lett] 9 :i* he pl$ges him 8 devotion & fri5d%ip unto dea?4 ,h[ quickly & h[ passionately !y liv$1 ^! revolution>ies6 ,a c\ple ( mon?s lat] ,danton m>ri$ a sixte5-ye>-old girl1 & a ye> aft] t1 ,robespi]re1 :o _h promis$--& und\bt$ly ) s9c]e conviction--to be true to him till dea?1 br\ght him to ! guillot9e4 ,! dual rule ( two temp]am5ts s oppos$ z ,danton's & ,robespi]re's c\ld n endure = long4 ,"o _c conceive a great] contra/ ?an t betwe5 ! robu/ ,danton1 :o l\dly proclaim$ 8 e ?\ght & ! elegant frail ,robespi]re :o 0 all self-control & delib]ation4 ,h[ clev] & calculat+ an actor ,robespi]re 0 is %[n by ! acc\nt ( 8 attempt$ murd] by a "y girl aft] ! mann] ( ,m>at's4 ,! attempt fail$4 ,! cr[d surg$ up ! /airs to 8 room to congratulate him4 ,robespi]re 0 seat$ 9 a corn] calmly peel+ an orange4 ,)\t a ^w he look$ /]nly at ! intrud+ cr[d1 till 9 emb>rassm5t !y crept away4 ,9 8 place ,danton und\bt$ly w\ld h laun*$ into an impassion$ spee* ( ?anks4 ,robespi]re & 8 fri5d ,/4 ,j 7,fig4 #ba7 are bo? m5 ( pleas+ appe>ance--almo/ good-look+ z comp>$ to ,danton's ugly bull-dog c\nt5ance4 ,!y 71 especially ,robespi]re1 :o wore a wig & sword to ! la/1 neat & ev5 elegant 9 _! dress1 :i* diff]$ %>ply f ,danton's almo/ gypsy-l effect4 ,un=tunately ! 8,titan0--s accu/om$ 0 he to t[]+ above 8 oppon5ts 9 ! ,conv5tion & pelt+ !m ) 8 ,%akespe>ian witticisms--und]e/imat$ 8 puny b quick-witt$ & accurate oppon5t1 ,robespi]re1 & be=e he realiz$ x1 he _h met 8 doom4 ,j z ,danton 0 ab\t to mitigate ! rig\rs ( ! ,conv5tion's proc$ure1 j z he hop$ to take ?+s a bit m easily p]sonally1 came 8 impea*m5t--plott$ s subtly by ,robespi]re & 8 help] ,/4 ,j t !re 0 no escape4 ,s desp]ate a fight did ! giant put up1 h[ev]1 = himself & 8 fri5ds t x hung by a ?read t 8 accus]s might f9d !mselves ru9$ 9 8 /ead4 ,aft] a numb] ( mo/ dubi\s witnesses _h te/ifi$ aga9/ ,danton1 ,/4 ,j felt x wis] to d5y him all def5ce by hav+ ! ,c\rt decide t anyone :o conduct$ himself s (f5sively t[>d 8 judges z ,danton1 c\ld be condemn$ )\t fur!r he>+4 ,danton's m]e pres5ce 0 en\gh to dismay ! jury1 :o1 moreov]1 7 n really conv9c$ ( 8 guilt4 ,:5 !y retir$1 a rumor w5t ab\t t he _h be5 acquitt$4 ,8 accus]s1 !reupon1 ru%$ to ! jury room & =c$ ! rebelli\s memb]s to submission4 ,x is "h t our arti/1 :o 0 a devot$ admir] ( ,robespi]re1 appe>s 9 no favorable light4 ,he press$ ab\t ! jury ) o!r memb]s ( ! ,conv5tion1 & ! report runs1 call$ out to ^? :o 7 /ill hesitat+1 8,d y /ill believe ,danton innoc5t8 ,has he n already be5 judg$ by public op9ion8 ,only c[>ds c\ld s conduct !mselves60 ,:at a f9e argum5t66 ,"o memb] ( ! jury bur/ into sobs1 &1 z he c\ld n br+ himself to vote = ,danton's impea*m5t1 he 0 ask$3 8,:o is m useful to ! ,republic1 ,robespi]re or ,danton80 8,robespi]re10 repli$ ! juryman sobb+4 8,!n ,danton mu/ g to ! guillot9e10 0 ! response4 ,!n came ! day ( ! execution ) its procession ( ?ree wagons1 ea* be>+ five or six condemn$ prison]s1 & t[]+ above !m all1 ,danton look+ pr\dly ov] ! heads ( ! ?rong4 ,! procession pass$ ! little ,caf de ,p>nasse :]e1 once ^u a "t1 he _h met 8 ,gabrielle2 !n ! ,caf de la ,reg5ce1 & :om did he see !re8 ,x is h>d to believe4 ,!re sat 8 =m] fri5d1 ! traitor\s ,david1 busily mak+ a draw+ ( him 7p]haps ! draw+ 9 ! museum at ,lille1 ,fig4 #ag74 8,lackey60 ,danton call$ to him 9 scorn4 ,next1 z ! procession pass$ ,robespi]re's h\se1 ,danton call$ out1 8,y w soon foll[ me6 ,y\r h\se w be torn d[n1 & m5 w ca/ salt ^u ! e>? :]e x /ood40 ,danton tri$ to ! la/ to *e] ! fri5ds ar\nd him--! ord9>ily m]ry ,camille ,desm\l9s :o 0 griev+ ov] 8 bride1 ,lucille2 ! poet ,fabre1 :o affirm$ t "o ( 8 accus]s1 :o 0 also a poet1 w\ld d\btless /eal 8 unpr9t$ manuscripts & publi% !m "u 8 own "n4 8,soon t w no long] worry y10 said ,danton to him4 ,! executions 7 quickly "u way4 ,! sun 0 sett+1 & ,danton's giant figure 0 silh\ett$ d>kly aga9/ ! ev5+ sky4 ,"o ( 8 fri5ds want$ to embrace him b ! execution] w\ld n p]mit x4 ,he want$ to f9i% 8 task be=e sund[n4 8,idiot10 said ,danton to him1 8,w y be able to prev5t our heads f kiss+ ea* o!r 9 ! basket80 ,= "o mom5t he fl9*$ :5 he ?\ght ( 8 "y wife1 8,my belov$1 %all ,i nev] see y aga980 ,!n1 ) an ef=t1 he exclaim$1 8,come ,danton1 let !re be no weakness10 & to ! execution]1 8,%[ my head to ! p4 ,x is wor? x40 ,^! 7 8 la/ words4 ,! curse utt]$ by ,danton z he pass$ ,robespi]re's h\se 0 fulfill$ all too quickly4 ,be=e five mon?s 7 up1 ,robespi]re trod ! same pa?1 & ! wagon 0 halt$ be=e 8 h\se to let ! depos$ ,dictator see ! mob 9 its fury spr9kl+ 8 door ) ! blood ( a slaught]$ ox4 ,& n[ ! e>? began to tremble "u ,david's feet4 ,he 0 to ! la/ a devot$ adh]5t ( ,robespi]re4 ,:5 ! latt] on ! eve ( 8 fall read to ! ,jacob9s 8 def5ce :i* end$ ) ! words1 8,i am ready to dr9k ! poison$ cup10 ,david cri$ out 8,we w dr9k x ) y40 ,he mu/ h be5 ?9k+ ( 8 portrayal ( ! dea? ( ,socrates1 b he probably h>dly realiz$ h[ imm95t 0 ! fall ( ! la/ great lead] ( ! revolution & h[ v ne>ly he himself 0 involv$ 9 t fall4 ,david1 z we "k1 did n complete 8 pa9t+ ( ,b>a4 ,?is 0 because he 0 plann+ = ! ,conv5tion a fe/ival 9 honor ( ! fall5 drumm] boy4 ,he 0 a great ma/] 9 ! arrangem5t ( su* celebrations4 ,) _! c>efully design$ co/umes1 mass$ *oirs1 improvis$ /atues & pr(usion ( fl[]s & patriotic orations1 !y mu/ h be5 a/oni%+ly impressive1 comp>able only to ! national fe/ivals ( ! ,roman ,empire4 ,un=tunately ^! arti/ic manife/ations ( ! revolution1 :i* con/itut$ an appreciable "p ( ,david's life "w1 7 9 _! nature transitory4 ,david _h set ! date ( ! ,b>a fe/ival = ! #aj? ,!rmidor 7,july #bf1 #agid74 ,?is 0 ! v day ( ,robespi]re's d[nfall1 & 8 execution took place two days lat]4 ,?r\gh ?is co9cid5ce ( date--or _h ,david be5 w>n$8--he did n att5d ! sitt+ ( ! ,conv5tion on ! #aj? ,!rmidor4 ,_h he done s1 he w\ld und\bt$ly h be5 arre/$ & guillot9$ ) ,robespi]re's o!r adh]5ts4 ,:5 he came into ! ,conv5tion hall ?ree days lat] he 0 d5\nc$ by ,&r ,dumont & oblig$ to def5d himself4 ,he probably believ$ ! end _h come4 ,he 0 no orator1 & 8 defect ( spee* made ?+s /ill h>d] = him4 ,he /ood !re1 pale & fe>ful1 & x is said a n]v\s p]spiration s dew$ 8 =ehead t x dripp$ d[n 8 coat to ! floor4 ,:]e n[ 0 ! c\rage ) :i* he _h (f]$ to die ) ,robespi]re2 ) :i* :5 ,m>at 0 attack$ 9 ! ,conv5tion he _h once exclaim$3 8,kill me 9 8 place60 ,yes1 x 0 und\bt$ly easi] to make draw+s ( "o's enemies & =m] fri5ds on _! road to ! guillot9e ?an to def5d "o's life be=e a tribunal ( ! p4 ,he made s pitiful an impression t !y let him g4 ,two days lat]1 h[ev]1 x 0 ?\ght wis] to arre/ him4 ,at fir/ 8 s5t5ce 0 light & he 0 all[$ to "w1 b soon1 aft] ano!r /ormy session ( ! ,conv5tion1 he 0 transf]r$ to ! ,luxemb\rg4 ,8 imprisonm5t la/$ five mon?s4 ,t[>d ! end1 conditions 7 aga9 made easi] & he 0 all[$ to "w4 ,!n he 0 set free1 & aga91 ?is "t at ! in/igation ( 8 fell[ arti/s1 imprison$ = mon?s4 ,f9ally dur+ ! g5]al amne/y at ! end ( ! ye> #agie he aga9 obta9$ 8 fre$om4 ,?is 0 ! end ( 8 political activities4 ,! t]rible mon?s ( unc]ta9ty dur+ 8 imprisonm5t1 :5 dea? s (t5 />$ him 9 ! face1 mu/ h be5 a "t ( spiritual gr[? = him1 = !y result$ 9 8 pa9t+ a m>vell\s s]ies ( portraits4 ,8 a*ievem5t at ?is "t1 & dur+ ! foll[+ ye>s :5 ! revolution sl[ly ebb$1 is ! greate/ ( 8 arti/ic c>e]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bc4 ,,woman ,,( ,,! ,,revolution 7#agie7 ,museum1 ,lyon ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bd4 ,,napoleon ,,z ,,fir/ ,,consul 7#agig7 ,private ,possession1 ,p>is ,!re is fir/ ( all a portrait depict+ ! arti/ at ! p]iod ( 8 imprisonm5t 7,fig4 #bb74 ,x is seldom t a self portrait expresses s vividly ! p]plexities ( a p]iod ( t]ror z d ! haunt$ eyes ( ?is "y fanatic4 ,^! eyes h be5 call$ evil1 & ,david himself describ$ z a good arti/ b an evil man4 ,! moral equipm5t ( ! revolution>ies _c be summ>iz$ 9 su* simple fa%ion1 h[ev]4 ,david's political oppon5ts hit ne>] ! m>k :5 !y call$ him to ! def5ce ( ,m>at1 8,:at does t prove s f> z ,m>at is conc]n$8 ,only ! devotion ( an honorable man :o is all[+ himself to be c>ri$ away by excitem5t40 ,t ,david's political life 0 s passionate1 may be due 9 "p to ! y\?ful viol5ce ( 8 fri5ds4 ,ne>ly all ! revolution>y lead]s 7 9 _! e>ly ?irties1 an age :i* is apt to be ! /ormy p]iod ( a man's life4 ,old p d n br+ ab\t revolutions4 ,david1 to be sure1 0 =ty at ! "t ( its outbreak1 b see h[ y\?ful he /ill look$2 & ! unsp5t /ore ( 8 /r5g? is prov$ by ! great age to :i* he liv$4 ,he pa9t$ ano!r important "w dur+ 8 imprisonm5t--a little l&scape ( ! ,luxemb\rg ,g>d5s z se5 f 8 w9d[ 7n[ 9 ! ,l\vre71 "o ( ! fir/ mod]n reali/ic l&scapes :i* seem to =e%ad[ ,c\rbet's ef=ts4 ,! eighte5?-c5tury conception ( l&scape 0 v diff]5t4 ,! l&scapes 7 l !atrical sc5]y1 built up ) c>efully divid$ 8w+s40 ,"h1 = ! fir/ "t1 a ,fr5* arti/ d>$ to pa9t an unpromis+ bit ( e>? exactly z he saw x1 ) all nature's accid5tal qualities4 ,a g>d5 f5ce 9 ! middle runs diagonally across ! picture1 :ile ov] 9 "o corn] is an av5ue ( trees :i* %\ld conv5tionally h be5 9 ! c5t] ( ! canvas--no plann$ symmetrical con/ruction1 no c\lisses 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,"h1 too1 0 a break ) tradition--a new beg9n+4 ,! two portraits ( ,monsieur & ,madame ,s]iziat 7,figs4 #ah & #ai71 pa9t$ by ,david :ile he 0 /ill "u arre/1 are p>ticul>ly illum9at+ z reg>ds 8 p]sonality4 ,h[ c\ld an arti/1 above ^: head ! sword ( ,damocles /ill hung1 pa9t su* sunny & optimi/ic portraits8 ,we w\ld1 9 fact1 appreciate only "o side ( ,david if we ?9k ( him always z ! /]n ,roman1 nev] z ! light-he>t$ ,fr5*man4 ,f ! beg9n+ to ! end ( 8 arti/ic c>e]1 side by side ) 8 classic compositions & 8 mov+ revolution>y portrayals 7,fig4 #bc71 he pa9t$ a s]ies ( *>m+ portraits :i* prove t ?r\gh all ! horrors ( ! revolution he nev] lo/ 8 ,gallic light-he>t$ness or 8 feel+ = grace4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! s]ies /&s ! pleas+ portrait ( ,vige ,le,brun1 pa9t$ 9 #agic1 & at ! end1 ! fam\s portrait ( ,madame ,recami] pa9t$ 9 #ahjj4 ,9 ^! works !re is /ill an e*o ( eighte5? c5tury elegance1 a trace ( t esprit & glam\r :i* always di/+ui%es ! be/ ( ,fr5* art4 ,yet ! =ms1 ! simple outl9es1 ! wide empty spaces ( ! backgr\nd & ! flatness ( ! treatm5t is :olly new4 ,& besides 9 ^! portraits we f9d = ! fir/ "t repres5tations ( ! ,b\rgeoisie :i* replace ^? ( ! ari/ocracy ( ! eighte5? c5tury & ^: be/ types became h5ce=? ! patrons ( art :i* 9 =m] days ! c\rts _h be54 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #be4 ,,portrait ,,( ,,vig,e ,,lebrun 7#agic7 ,museum1 ,r\5 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bf4 ,,madame ,,recami] 7#ahjj7 ,l\vre1 ,p>is ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #bg4 ,,+res ,,z ,a ,,boy 7c4 #agie7 ,private ,collection1 ,p>is ,sc>cely a ye> _h pass$ s9ce ,david's escape f prison :5 8 fre$om 0 aga9 endang]$ by ! royali/ y\? :o believ$ t ! mom5t ( reaction _h arriv$4 ,b n[ !re appe>$ 9 8 /udio "o day--?is 0 at ! end ( #agif--;an (fic] s5t by ,g5]al ,bonap>te :o ask$ 9 8 "n :e!r he w\ld accept an (f] ( safety ) 8 army 9 ,italy4 ,x is evid5ce ( ! extraord9>y f>sight$ness ( ,napoleon t 8 feel]s ext5d$ ev]y:]e--:]ev] !re might be future support = 8 p[]4 ,b ,david did n accept ! (f]3 n t he _h n at once recogniz$ 9 ,bonap>te 8 com+ greatness--9 fact he already call$ him 8 8h]o0--= ,david's in/9ct 0 9 ?is respect j z un]r+ z 0 ,bonap>te's--b t he _h mo/ likely promis$ himself1 z a result ( ! t]rible exp]i5ce ( ! la/ ye>s1 to no long] become embroil$ 9 political affairs4 ,napoleon's political position 0 at ?is "t n yet assur$1 he did n give up ! idea ( tempt+ our arti/4 ,:5 he return$ f ,italy he call$ at 8 /udio = ! fir/ "t & wi%$ to be pa9t$4 ,8 re/less _s1 h[ev]1 c\ld endure only "o sitt+4 ,! wond]ful sket* :i* result$ 7,fig4 #bd7 is /ill 9 exi/5ce & proves t ,bonap>te knew :at he 0 ab\t :5 he desir$ ,david to become ! blazon] ( 8 com+ p[]4 ,no arti/ has giv5 u f ! v beg9n+ s idealiz$ a conception ( 8 p]sonality4 ,! bread? ( ! design 9 ?is unf9i%$ composition2 ! noble v]ve ( ! position2 ! dauntlessness ( expression3 ev]y?+ 0 9 keep+ ) ! great hi/orical /yle t ,napoleon himself might h dream$ (4 ,a few weeks lat] ,david receiv$ an invitation f ,napoleon to accompany him on 8 ,egyptian campaign4 ,aga9 ! arti/ refus$ al?\gh he _h already entirely succumb$ to ! p]sonality ( ! great g5]al4 ,:5 ,napoleon return$ f ,egypt he visit$ ,david frequ5tly & flatt]$ him by tak+ him ar\nd ,p>is & talk+ ov] ) him 8 plans = beautify+ ! city4 ,at ! end ,david fell completely "u ! influ5ce ( ! /rong] p]sonality1 z _h happ5$ be=e 9 ! case ( ,m>at & ,robespi]re4 ,& 9 ! same degree t ,napoleon's p]sonality 0 m p[]ful ?an t ( ! revolution>ies1 8 influ5ce 0 ! m cru%+4 ,only 9 ?is way c we acc\nt = ! fact t ! "o-"t revolution>y-*ampion ( democratic ideals became at ! end ! c\rt pa9t] ( ! emp]or4 ,b ?is 0 n to ! advantage ( ,david's art4 ,s long z ,napoleon _h n yet rea*$ ! height ( 8 p[]--t is until ab\t #ahjj--our arti/ succe$$ 9 produc+ sev]al impos+ compositions 9 honor ( ! ,fir/ ,consul1 especially ! fam\s portrait on horseback1 :]e he is %[n asc5d+ ! ,alps1 symbolically repres5t+ 8 rise to ! highe/ heights ( glory--c]ta9ly an extraord9>y translation ( a /ill liv+ & ev5 "y p]sonage into ! realm ( ! ideal & ( hi/ory4 ,b :5 ,napoleon _h become emp]or & ,david 8 none too c>efully treat$ s]vant1 8 art became weak] & weak] f ye> to ye>1 ! :ile 8 compositions grew l>g] 9 size4 ,:5 aft] ! d[nfall ( ! emp]or & ! return ( ! ,b\rbons he left ,france 9 exile & settl$ 9 ,brussels1 :]e he liv$ until ! ye> #ahbd1 he /ill attract$ ! att5tion ( ! _w ?r\gh 8 _m pupils & admir]s1 ?\gh 8 art n[ belong$ to ! pa/4 ,david belongs ) ! few arti/s :o are m5tion$ n only 9 ! hi/ory ( art b also 9 political hi/ory--p]haps a d\btful advantage1 = preoccupation ) two s conflict+ fields z art & politics1 0 only possible ?r\gh ! sacrifice ( "o or ! o!r4 ,inde$ ,david z politician liv$ only 9 ! %ad[ ( ! great] ones4 ,9 ! field ( art he 0 at 8 be/ :5 8 political ideas did n tempt him too mu* t[>d ab/ract !mes--t is to say1 9 portraiture1 :5 he _h ! model be=e him4 ,z a human be+ 8 =te lay 9 a highly s5sitive response to ! mo/ int5se intellectual & emotional curr5ts ( 8 "t4 ,s9ce1 dur+ ! great] "p ( 8 lifetime1 ^! curr5ts 7 n prim>ily ( an arti/ic nature1 8 art c\ld n always take advantage ( !m4 ,?is too int5se int]e/ 9 ! great ev5ts ( ! day 0 p]haps 8 weak po9t3 ! fact t he submitt$ too easily to ! ephem]al dem&s ( 8 contempor>ies1 pref]r+ ! =tune ( a successful pres5t to ! glory :i* ! future res]ves only = ! highe/ aims & ! complete r5unciation ( ! dem&s ( ! day4 ,f 8 e>lie/ ye>s ,david _h ! critics on 8 side1 & ! /eady /ream ( admir]s t _h ga!r$ ab\t him %[$ no decrease1 rema9+ ) him ev5 9 ! mo/ dang]\s p]iods ( 8 life4 ,h[ diff]5t did x f>e ) "o ( 8 really great contempor>ies--,bee?ov5--:o ?r\gh\t 8 life _h to cont5d ) uncompreh5d+ critics1 b :o is quot$ z hav+ said 9 ?is connection1 8,damn me z mu* z y l2 y are n able to damn me into et]nity40 ,j z to ! great ones is giv5 z a recomp5se = ! misund]/&+ ( _! day ! consci\sness ( _! own value to ! future1 s ! arti/ :o is glorifi$ 9 8 own "t kn[s 8 own limitations4 ,david said himself t _m ( 8 own works su* z ! ,brutus no long] _h a liv+ value4 ,x 0 8 bad =tune t he 0 9 too close contact ) ! affairs ( ! revolution1 = ! greate/ art 7we return "h to our introductory rem>ks7 _c arise 9 ! mid/ ( blood%$4 ,!re c be no d\bt ( :]e ! unatta*$ & et]nal art lay dur+ ,david's p]iod1 :5 we call to m9d ! poetry ( ,goe! or ! music ( ,bee?ov54 ,! c5t]s :]e ! greate/ poet & ! greate/ musician ( ! days ( ! revolution liv$--,weim> & ,vi5na--7 f> remov$ f ! !at] ( ! /ruggle1 j z ,rembr&t's art fl[]$ outside ! sc5e ( ! ,?irty ,ye>s ,w>4 ,f a di/ance ! deaf5+ w> clangor p]meat$ into ! quiet worlds ( ^! rul]s 9 ! realm ( art2 f a di/ance ?r\gh transfigur+ light appe>$ to !m ! new ideas = :i* ! /ruggle 0 wag$4 ,su* %\ld be ! milieu :]e ! greate/ art is born--impregnat$ ) ! %[] ( ! newly creat$ ideas1 b quietly & n to su* a degree t its own exi/5ce is imp]ill$4 ,?is *ance = p]spective also makes x possible = ! really great arti/ to judge worldly matt]s m cle>ly ?an ! "o :o lives 9 ! mid/ ( ! fray4 ,h[ mu* m imp>tially1 = in/ance1 did ,bee?ov51 :o o!rwise did n c>e = politics1 judge ! ev5ts ( ! times ?an ,david1 :o worri$ ab\t !m half 8 lifetime6 ,bee?ov51 also1 l ! be/ ( 8 contempor>ies1 0 democratically incl9$ & applaud$ ! new revolution>y ideas4 ,:5 ,napoleon became ,fir/ ,consul he recogniz$ 8 greatness & desir$ to celebrate 9 8 music ! h]o :o _h br\ght ! revolution to completion4 ,he began 8 great symphony1 ! 8,eroica10 & wrote ^u ! title page ! "n ( ,bonap>te next to 8 own4 ,:5 ! news 0 br\ght to him t ,napoleon _h cr[n$ himself emp]or1 indignant t 8 illusions _h be5 dispell$ & t ,bonap>te _h become z tyrannical z ! cr[n$ heads :i* ! revolution _h depos$1 he tore up ! d$ication & began ! symphony anew1 end+ x ) ! fun]al m>*4 ,! fasc9ation ( ! art & ! p]sonality ( ,david lies 9 ! fact t !y reflect ! p]iod ( ! greate/ intellectual & social upheaval ( 8 nation--an upheaval su* z comes to e nation once 9 its hi/ory1 ) su* a =ce t ?r\gh x ! :ole _w is %ak54 ,9 su* mom5ts ( hi/ory creations ( c5turies collapse at "o bl[4 ,! f\ndations ( fai? & ( morals wav]2 ! ties ( family & fri5d%ip are torn ap>t & ev5 ! cu/om>y tasks ( ! day1 "u o!r circum/ances s]v+ z an an*or alike to ! weak & ! /rong1 appe> useless & cease3 l ! flood ( ! t]rific /orm :i* engulfs u1 rudely te>+ away f ! /ronge/ ! guid+ ( _! own fate1 & =c+ ! slo?ful into ! mael/rom ( ! high] g5]al w4 ,:at rema9s = ! individual :o1 hesitat+1 /&s at ! edge ( ! precipice1 view+ ! tragic drama8 ,c he d bett] ?an to plunge into ! /ream1 keep+ afloat z be/ he may8 ,happy ! "o :o 9 su* p]iods succe$s l our arti/ 9 pres]v+ s mu* ( 8 own id5tity t f out ! hi/ory ( ?is *aos 8 "n /ill r+s ) vibrant life4 ,,"o ,,hundr$ ,,& ,,sixty ,,copies ,,privately ,,pr9t$ ,,= ,,fr$]ic ,,fair*ild ,,%]man ,,mcmxxix ,,footnotes #a ,! picture is n dat$1 b s9ce ! portrait ( ,madame de ,v]n9ac :i* is almo/ id5tical 9 composition is dat$ #agii1 x is mo/ likely execut$ %ortly !reaft]4 #b ,! figure /udies 9 ?is sket*book are int]e/+ f ano!r po9t ( view 7comp>e ,fig4 #aj1 a /udy ( a begg> closely relat$ to ! composition ( ! ,belis>ius1 al?\gh lat] 9 date74 ,!y prove cle>ly ! endeav\r ( ,david to replace by 8 own ! eighte5?-c5tury /yle ( draw+ z he _h le>n$ x 9 ! ,b\*] s*ool4 ,in/ead ( modell+ ! figures ?r\gh diagonal p>allel l9es1 indicat+ ! %ad[s & neglect+ ! outl9es1 he tries to produce ! effect ( pla/icity ?r\gh cle>ly connect$ outl9es alone1 leav+ out ! modell+ entirely4 ,9 ?is respect also ,david is ! pr$ecessor ( arti/s ( ! mo/ mod]n s*ool4 ,he develop$ 8 /yle ( draw+ 9 connection ) 8 /udies aft] ,roman sculptures & 0 /rongly influ5c$ 9 8 me?od ( design+ by a "y ,fr5* sculptor1 ,lam>ie1 :om he met 9 ,rome4 7,see ,*>les ,sauni]3 ,l\is ,david1 p4 #af47 #c ,illu/rat$ 9 ! excell5t biography ( ,david by ,lon ,ros5?al 9 ! s]ies3 ,les ,maitres de l',art1 p4 #cj4 #d ,briefe aus d] franzsis*5 ,revolution1 edit$ by ,g4 ,l&au]1 #aibb4 #e ,reproduc$ 9 ,*>les ,sauni]1 ,david1 p4 #dd & #dh4 #f ,! be/ book on ! subject is by ,pi]re de ,nolhac1 ,la ,re9e ,m>ie ,anto9ette1 ,p>is4 #g ,reproduc$ 9 ! book on ,danton by ,l\is ,madel9 7,p>is1 #aiad74 ,! foll[+ pages are bas$ ^u ?is excell5t biography4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,punctuation1 hyph5ation1 & spell+ 7 made consi/5t :5 a pr$om9ant pref]5ce 0 f\nd 9 ! orig9al book2 o!rwise !y 7 n *ang$4 ,simple typographical errors 7 correct$2 unbalanc$ quotation m>ks 7 rem$i$ :5 ! *ange 0 obvi\s1 & o!rwise left unbalanc$4 ,illu/rations 9 ?is e,book h be5 position$ betwe5 p>agraphs & outside quotations4 ,9 v]sions ( ?is e,book t support hyp]l9ks1 ! page ref]5ces 9 ! ,li/ ( ,illu/rations lead to ! correspond+ illu/rations4 ,9 ! orig9al book1 two gr\ps ( illu/rations 7 pr9t$ side-by-side on ! same page & n 9 num]ic sequ5ce4 ,9 ?is e,book1 !y may be display$ side-by-side or "o bel[ ! o!r1 9 ! same sequ5ce z 9 ! orig9al book4 ,footnotes1 orig9ally at ! bottoms ( ! pages t ref]5c$ !m1 h be5 collect$1 sequ5tially r5umb]$1 & plac$ at ! end ( ! book4