,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,jesus' ,,messiah%ip ,,& ,,passion ,,by ,,alb]t ,,s*weitz] ,au?or ( 8,! ,que/ ( ! ,hi/orical ,jesus0 ,,translat$ ,,) ,,an ,,introduction ,,by ,,walt] ,,l[rie ,,new ,,york ,,dodd1 ,,mead ,,& ,,company #aiad ,,d$icat$ ,,) ,,s9c]e ,,respect ,,& ,,devotion ,,to ,dr4 ,h4 ,j4 ,holtzmann ,,by ,,8 ,,grateful ,,pupil ,,alb]t ,,s*weitz] pg #jjc ,,preface ,,! attempt to write a life ( ,jesus1 comm5c+ n at ! beg9n+ b 9 ! middle1 ) ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion1 mu/ ( necessity sometime be made4 ,/range t x has n be5 made e>li]1 = x is 9 ! air6 ,! fact is t all pres5tations ( ! life ( ,jesus are satisfactory up to a c]ta9 po9t1--! inception ( ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 ! connection fails4 ,n "o ( !m succe$s 9 r5d]+ intelligible :y ,jesus n[ sudd5ly c\nts 8 dea? necess>y1 & 9 :at s5se he conceives x z a sav+ act4 ,9 ord] to e/abli% ?is connection "o mu/ try ! exp]im5t ( mak+ ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion ! po9t ( dep>ture1 = ! sake ( r5d]+ ! =m] & latt] p]iods ( ! life ( ,jesus compreh5sible4 ,if we d n und]/& ! idea ( ! ,passion1 may n t be due to ! fact t we h =m$ an errone\s notion ( ! fir/ p]iod ( ! life ( ,jesus & s h preclud$ = ourselves 9 advance all possibility ( atta9+ insight into ! g5esis ( ! ,passion idea8 ,! la/ ye>s ( rese>* h reveal$ on pg #jjd :at slight gr\nds our hi/orical conception ( ! life ( ,jesus really re/s4 ,x _c be conceal$ t we are confront$ by a difficult ant9omy4 ,ei!r ,jesus really took himself to be ! ,messiah1 or 7z a new t5d5cy ( ! /udy n[ seems to sugge/7 ?is dignity 0 fir/ ascrib$ to him by ! e>ly ,*ur*4 ,9 ei!r case ! 8,life ( ,jesus0 rema9s equally enigmatical4 ,if ,jesus really reg>d$ himself z ,messiah1 h[ comes x t he act$ z if he 7 n ,messiah8 ,h[ is x to be expla9$ t 8 (fice & dignity seem to h no?+ to d ) 8 public activity8 ,h[ are we to acc\nt = ! fact t only aft] 8 public activity 0 end$ 7n to reckon ! la/ few days at ,j]usalem7 did he disclose to 8 ,disciples :o he 01 & at ! same "t enjo9$ ^u !m /rict sil5ce ) reg>d to ?is secret8 ,x expla9s no?+ to sugge/ t su* conduct 0 prescrib$ by motives ( prud5ce or by p$agogical consid]ations4 ,9 ! ,synoptical acc\nts :]e is !re ev5 ! slighte/ h9t t ,jesus wi%$ to educate ! ,disciples & ! p up to a k ( 8 messiah%ip8 ,! m "o ?9ks ab\t x ! m cle>ly "o recognises h[ little ! assumption t ,jesus took himself to be ! ,messiah pg #jje suffices to expla9 8 8life10 inasmu* z no connection :atev] results betwe5 8 selfconsci\sness & 8 public activity4 ,x may s\nd banal to ask ! "q1 b x is "o :i* _c on t acc\nt be avoid$1 :y ,jesus nev] tri$ ?r\gh in/ruction to raise ! p up to ! new e?ical conception ( messiah%ip4 ,! attempt w\ld n h be5 s hopeless z "o commonly assumes1 = at t "t !re 0 a deep spiritual movem5t go+ on 9 ,israel4 ,:y did ,jesus ma9ta9 p]si/5t sil5ce ab\t 8 conception ( messiah%ip8 ,on ! o!r h&1 if "o assumes t he did n take himself to be ! ,messiah1 x mu/ be expla9$ h[ he came to be made ,messiah aft] 8 dea?4 ,c]ta9ly x 0 n on ! gr\nd ( 8 public activity1 = ?is _h no?+ to d ) 8 messiah%ip4 ,b !n aga91 :at 0 ! significance ( ! revelation ( ! secret ( 8 messiah%ip to ! ,twelve & ! confession be=e ! high-prie/8 ,x is a m]e act ( viol5ce to decl>e ^! sc5es unhi/orical4 ,if "o resolves ^u su* aggression1 :at is !re !n left ( ! :ole ,gospel tradition8 ,& )al "o %\ld n =get1 t if ,jesus did n take himself to be ! ,messiah1 ?is means ! dea? bl[ to ! ,*ri/ian pg #jjf fai?4 ,! judgm5t ( ! e>ly ,*ur* is n b9d+ ^u u4 ,! ,*ri/ian religion is f\nd$ ^u ! messianic consci\sness ( ,jesus1 :]eby he himself 9 a signal mann] %>ply di/+ui%$ 8 own p]son f ! rank ( ! o!r prea*]s ( religi\s morality4 ,if n[ he did n take himself to be ! ,messiah1 !n ! :ole ( ,*ri/ianity re/s--to use hone/ly a mu* p]v]t$ & abus$ ^w--^u a 8value judgm5t0 =m$ by ! adh]5ts ( ,jesus ( ,naz>e? aft] 8 dea?6 ,let u n =get t we are deal+ "h ) an ant9omy f :i* only "o conclusion c be drawn1 namely1 t :at has hi!rto be5 acc\nt$ ! 8hi/orical0 conception ( ! messianic consci\sness ( ,jesus is false1 because x does n expla9 ! hi/ory4 ,only t conception is hi/orical :i* makes x intelligible h[ ,jesus c\ld take himself to be ! ,messiah )\t f9d+ himself oblig$ to make ?is consci\sness ( 8 tell z a factor 9 8 public m9i/ry = ! ,k+dom ( ,god1--r1 h[ he 0 actually compell$ to make ! messianic dignity ( 8 p]son a secret6 ,:y 0 8 messiah%ip a secret ( ,jesus8 ,to expla9 ?is means to und]/& 8 life4 ,?is new conception ( ! life ( ,jesus has pg #jjg gr[n out ( a p]ception ( ! nature ( ?is ant9omy4 ,h[ f> x is capable ( solv+ ! problem may be det]m9$ by ! result ( fur!r discussion4 ,i publi% ?is new view z a sket*1 s9ce x belongs ( necessity )9 ! frame ( ?is "w on ! ,"l's ,supp]4 ,i hope1 h[ev]1 f ! criticism ( its g5]al l9es to rea* great] cle>ness ) reg>d to _m exegetical details be=e ,i c ?9k ( giv+ ^! ?\ghts def9itive %ape 9 an elaborat$ 8life ( ,jesus40 ,i h g5]ally be5 able only to sugge/ ! lit]>y f\ndation1 z comports ) ! sket*y "* ( ?is pres5tation4 ,any "o1 h[ev]1 :o is ?or\ghly famili> ) ?is subject w readily p]ceive t beh9d _m an ass]tion "h made !re lurks m detail$ /udy ( ,synoptic texts ?an appe>s at ! fir/ glance4 ,= ! ,synoptic "q especially1 ! new conception ( ! life ( ,jesus is ( great importance4 ,f ?is po9t ( view ! composition ( ! ,synopti/s appe>s mu* simpl] & cle>]4 ,! artificial r$action ) :i* s*ol>s h felt !mselves compell$ to op]ate is v mu* r$uc$4 ,! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 ! commission to ! ,twelve1 & ! eulogy ( ! ,bapti/ are n 8composite spee*es10 b 7 = ! mo/ pg #jjh "p deliv]$ z !y h be5 h&$ d[n to u4 ,also ! =m ( ! prophecy ( ! ,passion & ! ,resurrection is n to be ascrib$ to ! e>ly ,*ur*1 b ,jesus did actually speak to 8 ,disciples 9 ^! words ab\t 8 future4 ,?is v simplification ( ! lit]>y problem & ! fact t ! cr$ibility ( ! ,gospel tradition is !reby enhanc$ is ( great weight = ! new int]pretation ( ! life ( ,jesus4 ,?is simplification re/s1 h[ev]1 n ^u a nave attitude t[>ds ! ,gospel acc\nts1 b is br\ght ab\t by insight into ! laws :]eby ! e>ly ,*ri/ian conception & e/imate ( ! p]son ( ,jesus condition$ ! repres5tation ( 8 life & "w4 ,"h is a "q :i* hi!rto has n be5 treat$ p]haps sy/ematically en\gh4 ,on ! "o h& x is inde$ c]ta9 t ! e>ly ,*ur* _h a significant influ5ce ^u ! repres5tation ( ! public activity ( ,jesus4 ,b on ! o!r h& we h aga9 9 ! v nature ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian fai? ju/ification = ! presumption t ! ,*ur* did n alt] ! ma9 l9es ( ! acc\nt1 & above all t x did n 8fabricate facts0 9 ! life ( ,jesus4 ,= 9 fact ! e>ly ,*ur* ma9ta9$ an attitude ( indiff]5ce t[>ds ! life ( ,jesus z su*6 pg #jji ,! e>ly ,*ri/ian fai? _h n ! lea/ int]e/ 9 ?is e>?ly life1 because ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus 0 gr\nd$ ^u 8 resurrection1 n ^u 8 e>?ly m9i/ry1 & ! disciples look+ =w>d expectantly to ! com+ ( ! ,messiah 9 glory 7 int]e/$ 9 ! e>?ly life ( ,jesus ( ,naz>e? only 9 s f> z x s]v$ to illu/rate 8 say+s4 ,!re 0 absolutely no su* ?+ z an e>ly ,*ri/ian conception ( ! life ( ,jesus1 & ! ,synoptic ,gospels conta9 no?+ ( ! sort4 ,!y /r+ toge!r ! n>ratives ( ! ev5ts ( 8 public m9i/ry )\t try+ to make !m intelligible 9 _! sequ5ce & connection1 or to enable u to p]ceive ! 8developm5t0 ( ,jesus4 ,!n 9 ! c\rse ( "t1 z ! es*atological expectation wan$1 z ! emphasis ^u ! e>?ly appe>+ ( ,jesus z ! ,messiah began to prepond]ate1 & ?us l$ to a p>ticul> view 7a !ory7 ( ! life ( ,jesus1 ! acc\nts ( 8 public m9i/ry _h already assum$ s fix$ a =m t !y c\ld n be affect$ by ?is process4 ,! ,f\r? ,gospel furni%es a hi/orical picture ( ! life ( ,jesus1 b x /&s 9 mu* ! same relation to ! ,synoptic acc\nt ( ! public m9i/ry ( ,jesus z does ,*ronicles to ! books ( ,samuel & ,k+s4 ,! pg #jaj diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,f\r? ,gospel & ! ,synoptics consi/s precisely 9 ! fact t ! =m] furni%es a 8life ( ,jesus0 :]eas ! ,synoptics give an acc\nt ( 8 public m9i/ry4 ,! fai? ( ! e>ly ,*ur* influ5c$ by imman5t laws ! mode 9 :i* ! public m9i/ry ( ,jesus 0 repres5t$1 j z ! ,deut]onomic re=m affect$ m5's conception ( ! c\rse ( ev5ts dur+ ! p]iod ( ! judges & ! ,k+s4 ,x 0 a case ( inevitable & unconsci\s %ift+ ( ! p]spective4 ,! new view "h pres5t$ takes due acc\nt ( ?is %ift+ ( ! p]spective1 & f ?is reckon+ x results t ! influ5ce :i* ! belief ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian community ex]t$ ^u ! ,synoptical acc\nts does n g ne>ly s deep z we h hi!rto be5 incl9$ to suppose4 ,/rassburg1 ,augu/1 #aija4 pg #jaa ,cont5ts ,au?or's ,preface #c ,translator's ,introduction #ag ,footnotes ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,mod]n 8,,hi/orical0 ,,solution #a4 ,summ>y acc\nt ( x #ei #b4 ,! f\r assumptions ^u :i* x is bas$ #fc #c4 ,! two contra/$ p]iods 7fir/ assumption7 #fd #d4 ,! influ5ce ( ! ,paul9e !ory ( ! atonem5t ^u ! =mulation ( ! ,synoptical pr$iction ( ! ,passion 7second assumption7 #gj #e4 ,! ,k+dom ( ,god z an e?ical entity 9 ! ,passion ,idea 7?ird assumption7 #gc #f4 ,! =m ( ! ,pr$iction ( ! ,passion 7f\r? assumption7 #hj #g4 ,rsum #ha ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! 8,,developm5t0 ,,( ,,jesus #a4 ,! ,k+dom ( ,god z an e?ical & z an es*atological fact #hd #b4 ,! es*atological "* ( ! *>ge to ! ,twelve #hg #c4 ,! new view #ib ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,prea*+ ,,( ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god #a4 ,! new morality z rep5tance #id #b4 ,! e?ics ( ,jesus & mod]n e?ics #ii ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god #a4 ,! p>ables ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god #ajf #b4 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god 9 ! address to ! p aft] ! mission ( ! ,twelve #aaj #c4 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god 9 ! light ( ! ,prophetic & ,jewi% expectation #aab #d4 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & ! assumption ( a =tunate ,galilean p]iod #aae #e4 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & ! univ]salism ( ,jesus #aag #f4 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & ,jesus' attitude t[>ds ! ,law & ! ,/ate #aai #g4 ,! mod]n elem5t 9 ,jesus' es*atology #abj ,,*apt] ,v ,! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god 9 ! ,?\ght ( ! ,passion #abd ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,"* ,,ascrib$ ,,to ,,jesus ,,on ,,! ,,gr\nd ,,( ,,8 ,,public ,,m9i/ry #a4 ,! problem & ! facts #abg #b4 ,jesus is ,elijah ?r\gh 8 solid>ity ) ! ,son ( ,man #ace #c4 ,jesus is ,elijah ?r\gh ! signs :i* proce$ f ,him #aci #d4 ,! victory ov] demons & ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god #adc #e4 ,jesus & ! ,bapti/ #ade #f4 ,! ,bapti/ & ,jesus #adg #g4 ,! bl9d man at ,j]i*o & ! ovation at ! entrance ( ,jesus to ,j]usalem #aef ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,aft] ,,! ,,mission ,,( ,,! ,,twelve ,,lit]>y ,,& ,,hi/orical ,,problems #a4 ,! voyage on ! lake aft] ! return ( ! ,twelve #afd #b4 ,! supp] by ! sea%ore #afh #c4 ,! week at ,be?saida #agd ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,messiah%ip #a4 ,f ! ,m\nt ( ,transfiguration to ,cs>ea ,philippi #ahj #b4 ,! futuri/ic "* ( ,jesus' messiah%ip #ahe #c4 ,! ,son ( ,man & ! futuri/ic "* ( ,jesus' messiah%ip #aij #d4 ,! resurrection ( ! dead & ! futuri/ic "* ( ,jesus' messiah%ip #bja #e4 ,! betrayal by ,judas--! la/ disclosure ( ! secret ( messiah%ip #bad ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,! ,,passion #a4 ,! pre-messianic affliction #bai #b4 ,! idea ( ! ,passion 9 ! fir/ p]iod #bbc #c4 ,! 8,temptation0 & ! div9e omnipot5ce #bbf #d4 ,! idea ( ! ,passion 9 ! second p]iod #bcj #e4 ,isaiah #dj-ff3 ! secret ( ! ,passion =etold 9 ! ,scripture #bcf #f4 ,! 8human0 elem5t 9 ! secret ( ! ,passion #bdj #g4 ,! idea ( ! ,passion 9 ! primitive ,*ur*4 ,! %ift+ ( ! p]spective #bdb ,,*apt] ,x ,summ>y ( ! ,life ( ,jesus #bec ,po/script #bgd ,,! ,,my/]y ,,( ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god pg #jag ,,an ,,introduction ,,by ,,! ,,translator #a4 ,an ,acc\nt ( ,s*weitz]'s ,"w & ,its ,reception4 ,,! "w :i* is "h translat$ 0 publi%$ 9 #aija z ! second "p ( a treatise entitl$ ,das ,ab5dmahl4 ,! full title reads3 ,! ,"l's ,supp] 9 connection ) ! ,life ( ,jesus & ! ,hi/ory ( ,e>ly ,*ri/ianity4 ,?is second "p 0 issu$ sep>ately & bore also ! foll[+ sub-title3 ,das ,messianitts und ,leid5sgeheimnis4 ,e9e ,skizze des ,leb5s ,jesu4 ,x implies no disp>agem5t ( ,s*weitz]'s novel & important /udy ( ! ,"l's ,supp] t ?is second "p is "h sep>at$ f ! fir/ & publi%$ by itself 9 ,engli%4 ,?is "p is really indep5d5t4 ,x has moreov] a mu* broad] scope & appeals to a f> wid] int]e/ ?an does ! treatise z a :ole4 ,!re is reason to fe> t1 appe>+ z a "p ( a /udy ( ! ,"l's ,supp] & "u t title1 x might be ignor$ by _m ( ! p]sons :o mo/ w\ld desire to read x4 ,! scant pg #jah att5tion accord$ at fir/ to ,s*weitz]'s "w 9 ,g]many may be ascrib$ 9 "p to t v cause1 & !re appe>s to be no o!r reason to acc\nt = ! fact t ! 8,sket*0 has n yet be5 publicly notic$ 9 ,engl& or ,am]ica1 s f> z ! translator is aw>e4 ,x w n be d5i$1 ev5 by ^? :o are lea/ incl9$ to agree ) ! views ( ! ,au?or1 t ?is fir/ "w ( ! "y ,/rassburg /ud5t did n des]ve ! oblivion :i* seem$ to ?reat5 x = "s ye>s aft] its appe>ance4 ,x is manife/ n[ t ,s*weitz]'s !ory1 to say ! lea/ ( x1 mu/ be reckon$ ) by e "o :o w\ld s]i\sly /udy ! ,gospels or ! ,life ( ,jesus4 ,obvi\sly x 0 n ! weakness ( ! book1 b r its /rong orig9ality1 & 9 p>ticul> ! tr5*ant way 9 :i* x demoli%$ ! 8lib]al life ( ,jesus10 :i* acc\nts = ! passive ho/ility ) :i* x 0 greet$4 ,9 fact x conta9$ m ?an c\ld be readily dige/$ at once ei!r by a lib]al or a cons]vative m9d4 ,mo/ ( ! ,new ,te/am5t /ud5ts 9 ,g]many _h collaborat$ 9 ! fabrication ( ! 8lib]al life ( ,jesus0 & !y c\ld n pati5tly endure to see _! "w de/roy$4 ,^? among u :o fancy t ,g]man pg #jai pr(essors are bloodless be+s :o live 9 an atmosph]e purifi$ ( passion & prejudice1 ne$ to be in=m$ t on ! contr>y !y are human1 all too human4 ,! animosities ( p>ty & s*ool & ! jeal\sies ( ! ca!dra h be5 prov]bial = g5]ations4 ,! reception accord$ to ,s*weitz]'s "w does n seem cr$itable4 ,x 0 met by some?+ l a conspiracy ( sil5ce4 ,s*weitz]1 h[ev]1 compell$ att5tion by ! publication 9 #aijf ( a mu* l>g] "w entitl$1 8,von ,reim>us zu ,wr$e10 :i* is a hi/ory ( ! /udy ( ! life ( ,jesus dur+ ! la/ c5tury4 ,a "w l ?is1 practically ! only "o ( its sort1 suppli$ a felt ne$ & c\ld n be pass$ by )\t notice4 ,s*weitz]'s own view1 h[ev]1 ?\gh x 0 pres5t$ cle>ly 9 ?is volume1 0 /ill n tak5 due acc\nt ( 9 ,g]many4 ,jli*]'s sup]cili\s criticism 9 8,neue ,l9i50 7#aij--7 is *>act]i/ic ( ! treatm5t x receiv$4 ,! translator kn[s ( no prom95t s*ol> 9 ,g]many :o has cordially welcom$ ,s*weitz]'s view1 nor ( any t has ?or\ghly & ably oppos$ x4 ,!y h be5 occupi$ !re r ) ,wr$e's7#a7;acute criticism ( ! messianic elem5t 9 ! ,gospels pg #jbj & ) ! d5ial by ,drews7#b7;& o!rs ( ! hi/orical exi/5ce ( ,jesus4 ,to de/ructive criticism ( ?is sort ,s*weitz]'s own "w is ! be/ answ]4 ,! only "w :i* s]i\sly reckons ) ?is new po9t ( view is a brief b magi/]ial book by ,h4 ,j4 ,holtzmann3 ,das messianis*e ,bewus/se9 ,jesu1 #aijg4 ,v diff]5t 0 ! reception ( ,s*weitz]'s latt] "w 9 ,engl&4 ,! int]e/ !re c5tr$ at once ^u ,s*weitz]'s own view4 ,9 #aijg1 ! ye> aft] its publication1 ,pr(essor ,s&ay deliv]$ a c\rse ( lectures at ,ox=d & ,cambridge 9 :i* he en?usia/ically accept$ ,s*weitz]'s position ) h>dly a res]vation47#c7;,9 #aiaj ?is second "w ( ,s*weitz]'s 0 translat$ into ,engli% & publi%$ "u ! title3 ,! ,que/ ( ! ,hi/orical ,jesus1 ) a preface by ,pr(essor ,burkitt4 ,by ?is "t ! int]e/ 9 ,s*weitz] & 8 !ory _h become a furore among ! y\ng] m5 9 ,ox=d & ,cambridge4 ,b j !n !re came an emiss>y f ,g]many1 ,pr(essor ,ern/ von ,dobs*tz1 :o essay$ to disprove ,s*weitz]'s !ory 9 a c\rse ( lectures deliv]$ at pg #jba ,ox=d 9 #aiji47d7,:]eupon ,pr(essor ,s&ay1 9 a pa!tic article 9 ! ,hibb]t ,j\rnal = ,octob]1 #aiaa1 retract$ 8 support ( ,s*weitz]'s position4 ,he felt t he _h be5 ov] ha/y 9 adopt+ x4 ,& s inde$ x seems he 01 = x appe>s t 9 prep>+ 8 lectures he _h n tak5 ! pa9s to read ! 8,sket*10 t is to say1 ,s*weitz]'s fir/ & fundam5tal & mo/ c>efully reason$ argum5t = 8 view4 ,by ! same tok5 ,canon ,s&ay seems to h be5 ov] ha/y 9 mak+ 8 retraction1 = he _h n yet read ! 8,sket*10--& von ,dobs*tz' criticism aft] all is n v impressive4 ,9 ,am]ica ! :ole "q has be5 simply ignor$4 ,x g5]ally takes1 9 fact1 ab\t a decade = an important =eign "w to rea* u1--except 9 ! case ( a v few s*ol>s :o h already ga9$ our e>4 ,accord+ to ?is reckon+ x is "t ! 8,sket*0 7 translat$4 ,9 view bo? ( ! acceptance :i* ,s*weitz]'s !ory has met ) 9 ,engl& & ( ! opposition made to x !re1 x is high "t t 8 mo/ cog5t & c>eful /atem5t ( 8 position be made kn[n4 ,= al?\gh ,s*weitz]'s position is re/at$ 9 8 latt] "w already pg #jbb translat$ into ,engli%1 & is !re also illum9at$ f v>i\s sides1 p>ticul>ly 9 its relation to ,wr$e's "w--:i* appe>$ 9 ! same ye> z ! 8,sket*0 & is s /rik+ly l x s f> z its criticism goes & s diff]5t 9 its result1--yet x _c be adequately appreciat$ )\t a /udy ( ! e>li] "w4 ,x is kn[n t ,alb]t ,s*weitz] has = "s "t be5 prep>+ to g z m$ical mission>y to ! ,congo4 ,b 9 spite ( 8 m$ical /udies he has rec5tly f\nd "t to publi% a brilliant 8,hi/ory ( ,paul9e ,/udy s9ce ! ,re=mation407#e7,?is is 9 a way a cont9uation ( ! hi/ory ( ! /udy ( ! life ( ,jesus4 ,"h aga9 ,s*weitz] has a view ( 8 own3 9 all ! complexity ( ,paul's ?\ght he p]ceives a unity :i* is due to ! p]vad+ es*atological outlook4 ,=tunately1 ?is view ( 8 own1 in/ead ( be+ app5d$ to ! hi/orical /udy1 z 9 ! =m] book1 is to be publi%$ sep>ately "u ! title3 ,die ,my/ic des ,apo/les ,paulus4 ,?is practical measure w insure t x %all n be ov]look$4 ,x is to be hop$ too t x w n h to wait long = an ,engli% translation4 pg #jbc ,pr(essor ,s*weitz] f\nd "t also to prep>e a new & mu* enl>g$ edition ( 8 ,ges*i*te d] ,leb5-,jesu-,=s*ung 7,hi/ory ( ! ,/udy ( ! ,life ( ,jesus71 :i* is ! title by :i* he n[ m aptly describes 8 well kn[n "w4 ,he has br\ght ?is hi/ory d[n to date1 & 9 ! %ort conclud+ *apt] he sugge/s a numb] ( pregnant reflections :i* w lat] be ref]r$ to 9 ?is introduction ) ! aim ( conciliat+ ?is ar*ological _w ( ,jesus' ?\ght ) our religi\s e/imate ( 8 p]son4 ,x mu/ be recognis$ f ! outset t "t is necess>y = su* an adju/m5t4 ,! p]ception ( ! es*atological "* ( ! ,gospels is a sudd5 em]g5cy3 we h n yet _h "t to assimilate x4 ,at ?is writ+ ,pr(essor ,s*weitz] is already at "w z m$ical mission>y 9 ,africa4 ,x is ( int]e/ to "k t 8 plan is to return aft] ?ree ye>s to ,europe1 & aga9 aft] an equal p]iod2 to ,africa4 ,on acc\nt ( ! radical "* ( 8 critical works he 0 n accept$ z a fell[-work] 9 any ( ! ,g]man missions & is lab\r+ 9 conjunction ) 7?\gh indep5d5tly & at 8 own exp5se7 ! /ation ( ! ,p>is ,evangelical pg #jbd ,mission>y ,society at ,lamb>5e 9 ,fr5* ,equatorial ,africa--! c\ntry :i* us$ to be call$ ! ,fr5* ,congo4 8,s*weitz] z ,mission>y0 is ! title ( an article 9 ! ,hibb]t ,j\rnal = ,july #aiad bas$ ^u ! pr9t$ circul> lett]s :i* he s5ds to 8 fri5ds & support]s4 ,9 a lett] to ! translator he speaks ( 8 ef=ts to mitigate ! sc\rge ( leprosy & ! sleep+ sickness z an example ( 8practical es*atology40 #b4 ,! ,significance ( ,s*weitz]'s ,"w4 ,! opportun5ess ( ,s*weitz]'s es*atological int]pretation ( ! life ( ,jesus appe>s ! m manife/ ! m "o kn[s ( ! rec5t hi/ory ( ,gospel /udy4 ,to br+ t out cle>ly is ! special purpose ( ! ,au?or 9 8 ,que/ ( ! ,hi/orical ,jesus1 p>ticul>ly 9 *apt]s ,i1 ,,xix1 & ,,xx4 ,x c\ld n be done bett]4 ,at all ev5ts su* a task is obvi\sly beyond ! scope ( ?is introduction4 ,"h x ne$ only be po9t$ out t ,s*weitz]'s !ory1 /rik+ z x is1 did n spr+ into be+ )\t roots 9 a soil prep>$ = x4 ,! es*atological "q itself _h be5 %>ply br\ght to ! =e4 ,cont5tion = & aga9/ ! recognition ( x z an important pg #jbe elem5t 9 ! ,gospels 0 ! ord] ( ! day4 ,all t t5d$ to conc5trate att5tion ^u ! problem ( ! p]sonal consci\sness ( ,jesus 7z1 9 p>ticul>1 ,bald5sp]g]'s "w717#f70 a direct prep>ation = ,s*weitz]4 ,johannes ,weiss _h already /ood out z ! =emo/ *ampion ( es*atology 9 ! ,gospel47#g7;,8 recognition ( es*atology 0 conf9$1 h[ev]1 to ! tea*+ ( ,jesus4 ,h5ce he did n avail himself ( x = ! solution ( ! hi/orical problems4 ,= ?is reason he _c be reg>d$ z an expon5t--to use ,s*weitz]'s phrase--( 8?or\ghgo+ es*atology0 7konsequ5te ,es*atologie74 ,b ! solution ,s*weitz] propos$ 0 already 89 ! air10 z he said himself 9 8 preface4 ,t pres5tim5t 0 /rik+ly fulfill$ 9 ! fact t 9 ! selfsame ye> ,wr$e publi%$ a book ) a title almo/ id5tical1 :i* envisag$ ! same problems 9 ! same way1 only t x s\ght to solve !m by elim9at+ es*atology z an intrusion 9 ! hi/orical n>rative1 ?us result+ 9 8?or\ghgo+ scepticism40 ,s*weitz] is ju/ifi$ 9 insi/+ t 8 "w & pg #jbf ,wr$e's _c be play$ (f aga9/ ea* o!r1 b con/itute a comb9$ attack1 s f> z conc]ns ! criticism ( ! common1 lib]al life ( ,jesus4 ,!re is no?+ audaci\s 9 ,s*weitz]'s proclamation ( ! collapse ( ! lib]al life ( ,jesus4 ,he does n claim to h de/roy$ x1 he m]ely atte/s ! fact ( its collapse4 8,! ,jesus ( ,naz>e? :o appe>$ z ! ,messiah1 proclaim$ ! morality ( ! k+dom ( ,god1 e/abli%$ ! k+dom ( heav5 ^u e>?1 & di$ 9 ord] to consecrate 8 "w1--?is ,jesus nev] exi/$4 ,x is a figure sket*$ by ,rationalism1 enliv5$ by ,lib]alism1 & dress$ up by ,mod]n ,!ology 9 ! clo!s ( hi/orical sci5ce407#h7,?is fabric did n fall by reason ( ! /r5g? ( any attack f )\t1 b collaps$ ?r\gh its inh]5t weakness1 8%att]$ & clov5 by ! actual hi/orical problems :i* "o aft] ano!r em]g$ & w\ld n d[n 9 spite ( all ! cunn+1 art1 artifice1 & =ce0 :i* 0 exp5d$ ^u ?is picture ( ,jesus dur+ ! la/ hundr$ ye>s4 ,9 spite ( ! prote/ation t ?is picture /ill /&s undemoli%$1 no "o c be f\nd any m to write a lib]al life ( ,jesus4 ,on pg #jbg ! o!r h& sceptical works h multipli$ s rapidly t x w\ld be difficult to enum]ate !m "h4 ,aft] ,kal?(f7#i7 & ,drews7#aj7! designation ( 8?or\ghgo+ scepticism0 c h>dly be appli$ to ,wr$e's !ory4 ,all ! books ( ?is class owe :at appe>ance ( /r5g? !y h1 n to _! inh]5t wor?1 b to ! weakness ( ! !ory :i* opposes !m--! curr5t lib]al life ( ,jesus4 ,solely ) a view to ma9ta9+ ! integrity ( ?is picture x has be5 f\nd necess>y f "t to "t to sacrifice s mu* ( ! docum5t>y evid5ce--! ,synoptic ,gospels or _! s\rces--^u :i* ! hi/ory ( ,jesus reposes1 t 9 ! end x seems n v unreasonable = ,drews & o!rs to assume1 f ! admissions ( _! oppon5ts1 t !re is no conv9c+ hi/orical evid5ce = ! exi/5ce ( ,jesus1 & t ! real task ( ! s*ol> is to %[ h[ su* a figure 0 inv5t$4 8,x is extraord9>y10 says ,s*weitz] 9 ! la/ *apt] ( ! new edition ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,life ( ,jesus ,/udy1 8h[ x has f>$ ) ! /udy ( ! life ( ,jesus4 ,x set out to f9d ! hi/orical pg #jbh ,jesus1 & fanci$ t :5 he 0 f\nd he c\ld be set1 j z he is1 9 ! mid/ ( our age z ,tea*] & ,savi\r4 ,x loos$ ! b&s :i* fett]$ him to ! rock ( ecclesia/ical dogma1 & rejoic$ :5 life & movem5t return$ to ! figure & ! hi/orical man ,jesus 0 se5 approa*+4 ,he did n /ay1 h[ev]1 b pass$ our age by & return$ aga9 to 8 own4 ,t is :at a/oni%$ & al>m$ ! !ology ( ! la/ decades1--t by no viol5ce ( mis9t]pretation c\ld !y succe$ 9 keep+ him 9 our age1 b _h to let him g4 ,he return$ to 8 own age ) ! same necessity t ! fre$ p5dulum sw+s back to its orig9al position4 8,! hi/orical f\ndation ( ,*ri/ianity1 z rationalism1 lib]alism1 & mod]n !ology c\nt x1 exi/s no long]1--:i*1 h[ev]1 is n to say t ,*ri/ianity has !re=e lo/ its hi/orical f\ndation4 ,! "w :i* hi/orical !ology believ$ x mu/ c>ry out1 & :i* x sees fall+ to pieces at ! v mom5t :5 ! completion 0 ne>1 is only ! t]ra cotta v5e] ( ! true1 inde/ructible1 hi/orical f\ndation1 :i* is indep5d5t ( any hi/orical pg #jbi k & pro(--simply because x is !re1 x exi/s4 8,jesus is some?+ to our _w because a mighty /ream ( spiritual influ5ce has gone =? f him & has p5etrat$ our age also4 ,?is fact w be nei!r %ak5 nor confirm$ by an hi/orical k4 8,"o fanci$ he c\ld be m to our "t by ! fact t he ent]$ x vitally z a man ( our humanity4 ,t1 h[ev]1 is n possible4 ,= "o reason1 because ?is ,jesus nev] s exi/$4 ,also1 because hi/orical k1 ?\gh x c cl>ify spiritual life already exi/+1 c nev] awak5 life4 ,x is able to reconcile ! pres5t ) ! pa/2 to a c]ta9 degree x c transport ! pres5t into ! pa/2 b to con/ruct ! pres5t is n )9 its p[]4 8,"o _c e/imate highly en\gh :at ! /udy ( ! life ( ,jesus has accompli%$4 ,x is a great & unique demon/ration ( v]acity & love ( ! tru?1--"o ( ! mo/ significant occurr5ces 9 ! :ole spiritual life ( mank9d4 ,:at ! mod]n-lib]al & ! popul>is+ inve/igation has done1 9 spite ( all its errors1 = ! pres5t & = ! com+ /ate ( religion c only be measur$ :5 "o takes pg #jcj into comp>ison ! ,roman ,ca?olic--or m broadly ! ,lat9--culture & lit]ature :i* has be5 t\*$ little or n at all by ! influ5ce ( ^! spirits4 8,& yet ! disillusion _h to come4 ,we mod]n !ologians are too pr\d ( our hi/orical le>n+1 too pr\d ( our hi/orical ,jesus1 too confid5t 9 our fai? 9 :at our hi/orical !ology c spiritually contribute to ! _w4 ,! notion t by hi/orical k we c con/ruct a new & vigor\s ,*ri/ianity & let loose spiritual =ces 9 ! _w dom9ates u l a fix$ idea & does n p]mit u to p]ceive t all we h done !reby is to assail1 n ! great religi\s problem itself1 b "o ( ! problems ( g5]al culture :i* is entr5*$ 9 front ( x1 & :i* we w\ld solve z well z we c4 ,we ?\ght t we _h to lead our age z x 7 ?r\gh a by-pa?1 ?r\gh ! hi/orical ,jesus1 9 ord] t x might come to ,jesus :o is pres5t spiritual p[]4 ,! by-pa? is n[ b>r$ by real hi/ory4 8,we 7 9 dang] ( putt+ ourselves betwe5 m5 & ! ,gospels & n leav+ ! individual any long] alone ) ! say+s ( ,jesus4 8,we 7 9 dang]1 too1 ( pres5t+ to pg #jca !m a ,jesus t 0 too little1 because we _h =c$ him into man's measure & into ! m\ld ( av]age human psy*ology4 ,read ?r\gh ! #8lives ( ,jesus' s9ce ! sixties & behold :at !y h made ( ! imp]ial words ( our ,"l1 :at a weak & ambigu\s s5se !y h put ^u 8 p]emptory1 o!r-worldly requisitions1 9 ord] t he might n cla% ) our ideals ( civilisation & 8 o!r-worldl9ess might be br\ght to t]ms ) our ?is-worldl9ess4 ,_m ( 8 greate/ words "o f9ds ly+ 9 a corn]1 a heap ( dis*>g$ spr+-bolts4 ,we make ,jesus speak ) our "t ano!r language ?an t :i* pass$ 8 lips4 8,!reby we ourselves became impot5t & depriv$ our own ?\ghts ( _! prop] en]gy by transpos+ !m into hi/ory & mak+ !m speak to u out ( antiquity4 ,x is no?+ less ?an a trag$y = mod]n !ology t x conf\nds ) hi/ory ev]y?+ x attempts to exp\nd1 & is actually pr\d ( ! virtuosity ) :i* x contrives to discov] its own ?\ghts 9 ! pa/4 8,!re=e !re is hopeful significance 9 ! fact t mod]n !ology ) its /udy ( ! life ( ,jesus1 h[ev] long x may resi/ pg #jcb by ! inv5tion ( fre% %ifts & exp$i5ts1 mu/ 9 ! end f9d itself delud$ 9 its manufactur$ hi/ory1 ov]come by real hi/ory & by ! facts--:i* accord+ to ,wr$e's f9e say+ are (t5 m radical ?an !ories4 8,:at is ! hi/orical ,jesus to u :5 we keep him cle> ( any admixture ( ! pres5t ) ! pa/8 ,we h ! imm$iate impression t 8 p]son1 9 spite ( all t is /range & enigmatical1 has some?+ great to say to all ages1 z long z ! _w endures1 may views & k *ange nev] s mu*1 & t x means !re=e to our religion also a f>-rea*+ enri*m5t4 ,x behooves u to br+ ?is elem5t>y feel+ to a cle> expression1 s t x may n so> away 9 dogmatic ass]tions & phrases & beguile hi/orical sci5ce ev] anew into ! hopeless und]tak+ ( mod]nis+ ,jesus by dilut+ or expla9+ away :at is hi/orically condition$ 9 8 prea*+1 z ?\gh he w\ld become m to u !reby4 8,! :ole /udy ( ! life ( ,jesus has 9 f9e only ! "o aim1 ( e/abli%+ ! natural & unbias$ conception ( ! e>lie/ acc\nts4 ,9 ord] to "k ,jesus & to appreh5d him !re is ne$ ( no prep>atory pg #jcc erudition4 ,x is also n requisite t a man compreh5d ! details ( ,jesus' public m9i/ry & be able to con/ruct ) !m a #8life ( ,jesus4' ,8 nature1 & t :i* he is & wills1 appe>s 9 c]ta9 lapid>y expressions ( 8 & =ces itself ^u u4 ,"o kn[s him )\t kn[+ mu* ab\t him1 & appreh5ds ! es*atological note ev5 if he atta9 no cle> conception ( ! details4 ,= ?is is ! *>act]i/ic ?+ ab\t ,jesus1 t he looks beyond ! p]fection & bless$ness ( ! individual to ! p]fection & bless$ness ( ! _w & ( an elect humanity4 ,8 w & 8 hope is fix$ ^u ! ,k+dom ( ,god40 ,x is mu* to be wond]$ at t cons]vative s*ol>s h n g5]ally recognis$ ! /rong con/ructive consequ5ces ( ,s*weitz]'s !ory1 9 p>ticul> ! pro( x incid5tally af=ds ( ! hi/orical wor? ( ! ,synoptic ,gospels4 ,s*weitz] rehabilitates ! cr$it ( ,s4 ,m>k's ,gospel simply by %[+ t no important p>ts ( x ne$ be disc>d$ on ! gr\nd t !y are inconsi/5t ) ! sket* :i* he draws ( ! hi/ory ( ,jesus4 ,:5 x is object$ to him t he bases 8 view ^u 8! weake/ passages10 x is "t we make cle> to pg #jcd ourselves t 8/rong0 & 8weak0 9 ?is connection mean no m ?an consi/5t or inconsi/5t ) ! assumptions ( ! mod]n 8lib]al life ( ,jesus40 ,x is only a r\ndab\t way ( begg+ ! "q4 ,g5]ally speak+1 su* a docum5t z ,m>k1 antec$5t to any !ory we may attempt to apply1 mu/ be presum$ to be ( pretty equal value ?r\gh\t4 ,t !ory :i*1 )\t artifice or viol5ce1 be/ accords ) ! greate/ numb] ( facts record$1 & s be/ pres]ves ! cr$it ( ! docum5ts ^u :i* x seeks to f\nd itself1 is presumably ! "r !ory4 ,s*weitz]'s view1 z he himself says 9 ! ,preface1 greatly simplifies & cl>ifies ! ,synoptic problem4 ,x is no long] necess>y to attribute s mu* to 8! editor's h&40 ,! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 ! ,*>ge to ! ,twelve1 & ! ,eulogy ov] ! ,bapti/ are n collections ( scatt]$ say+s1 b 7 9 ! ma9 deliv]$ z !y h come d[n to u4 ,especially important is ! recognition t ev5 = con/ruct+ ! hi/ory ( ,jesus ,m>k by itself does n suffice3 ! disc\rses 9 ,mat!w are invaluable indications4 ,nor is ?is ! only positive & com=t+ elem5t 9 ,s*weitz]'s view4 ,9 ! ,po/script he has himself laid /ress ^u ! pg #jce aim ( 8 "w3 8to impress ^u ! mod]n age & ^u mod]n !ology ! figure ( ,jesus 9 its ov]:elm+ h]oic greatness40 ,& ?is he has accompli%$ 9 unexpect$ ways4 ,! figure ( ,jesus :i* we h /riv5 s h>d to br+ into ne>ness & sympa?y ?r\gh our psy*ological analysis has elud$ our grasp1 & "u ! h&s ( ! hi/orian & ar*ologi/ x has rec$$ inexorably into ! remote pa/ & into a corn] ( ,galilee4 ,x looks to u /range & ev5 petty 9 its remote ,galilean surr\nd+s4 ,n[ t figure1 by ! =ce ( an elem5tal en]gy1 is se5 to break ! %ackles :i* w\ld b9d x to a p>ticul> "t & place & become--n mod]n1 inde$1 b--univ]sal4 ,"o may easily be s mu* absorb$ ) ! difficulties 9 ! way ( accept+ ,s*weitz]'s con/ruction z to ignore ! light :i* x %$s ^u "s ( ! major difficulties ( ! traditional view ) :i* we h long wre/l$ 9 va94 ,"o may m5tion at lea/ eight obscure po9ts :i* are illum9at$ = ! fir/ "t by ! es*atological view ( ! ,gospel hi/ory4 #a4 ,jesus' use ( ! title 8,son ( ,man10--commonly 9 ! ?ird p]son & ) a futuri/ic s5se1 z d5ot+ a dignity & pg #jcf p[] :i* 7 n yet 84 ,jesus 0 ! ,messiah designate4 #b4 ,! position ( ,john ! ,bapti/3 x 0 ,jesus alone t discov]$ 9 him ! "* ( ,elijah 8! ,com+ ,"o0 7cf4 ,jn #a3ba 74 #c4 ,! conception ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god z a gift1 to be receiv$ passively z by a little *ild--& yet z a ?+ t 8viol5t m50 mu/ wre/ to !mselves 8by =ce40 #d4 ,! relation ( ,jesus' messianic expectation to t :i* 0 curr5t among ! p4 ,jesus moralis$ ! popul> es*atological ideal by comb9+ x ) ! prea*+ ( ! ,prophets4 ,t ,jesus oppos$ a purely moral ideal to a popul> political agitation is d\bly a fiction4 #e4 ,! significance ( ! ,mission ( ! ,twelve & its connection ) ! popul> excitem5t :i* drew five ?\s& m5 into ! des]t by ! sea%ore4 #f4 ,! significance ( ! ,transfiguration1 com+ be=e ! ,confession ( ,pet]1 & expla9+ h[ ! k ( ,jesus' ,messiah%ip 0 giv5 by div9e revelation4 #g4 ,! "* ( ! secret :i* ,judas possess$ & 0 9 a position to betray4 ,our notion t dur+ ! la/ days 9 ,j]usalem e "o knew ( ,jesus' claim to be ! ,*ri/ is pla9ly contr>y to ! record4 ,! fam\s disputes pg #jcg ( ^? days w\ld h tak5 a v diff]5t =m if ! "q :i* agitat$ all m9ds 01 ,is he ! ,*ri/8 or is he n8 #h4 ,jesus' notion ( ! necessity ( 8 dea?1 8 resolution to die at ,j]usalem1 & 8 conception t he 0 giv+ 8 life z 8a ransom = _m40 ,unque/ionably x is no easy matt] to assimilate s novel & /rik+ a view z t ( ,s*weitz]4 ,to br+ x into relation ) ! presuppositions ( our religi\s view 9 g5]al involves demolition & recon/ruction--a labor heavy & griev\s to ! s\l4 ,! m9d in/9ctively recoils f su* a lab\r & is fa9 to protect itself by a g5]al repudiation & d5ial4 ,moreov] ! ,au?or has pres5t$ 8 view ) a nak$ simplicity :i*1 :ile x r5d]s x easi] to und]/& & m difficult to confute1 makes x also1 "o mu/ confess1 m difficult to accept4 ,we are n incl9$ to accept op9ions 9 ! face ( a display ( =ce1 & z x 7 at ! muzzle ( a gun--ev5 :5 ! gun is load$ ) logic4 ,practically we mu/ fir/ contrive to see h[ ! op9ions may be made acceptable4 ,?is task ! ,au?or has n unreasonably left to u1--al?\gh a c>eful /udy ( 8 "w w reveal _m sugge/ions helpful to ?is end4 pg #jch ,! translator has read ?is little book n once b _m times & ?r\gh a c\rse ( ye>s1 ) ev] increas+ appreciation ( its wor?--n only 9 view ( its logical =ce b ( its acceptability4 ,on ! o!r h&1 _m ( u h felt t ! lib]al life ( ,jesus 0 becom+ increas+ly m unacceptable4 ,canon ,s&ay confesses7#aa7t he recoils f ,s*weitz]'s view *iefly on acc\nt ( 8 8t5d5cy to pu% ?+s to extremes at ! dictates ( logical consi/5cy40 ,x is too 8?or\ghgo+40 ,x seems inde$ z ?\gh ! ,au?or 7 incl9$ to press ?is ^w to an extreme1 propos+ to expla9 all ! words & acts ( ,jesus ) ref]5ce to 8 es*atological outlook4 ,b t is only a ?reat4 ,:at he has done falls v f> %ort ( x1 & x is ^u t we h to pass judgm5t4 ,t1 9 fact1 is 8?or\ghgo+0 en\gh to ju/ify ! t]m ev5 if x w5t no fur!r4 ,! pr9ciple ( 8?or\gh0 might v well apply to ! con/ruction ( ! hi/ory z a :ole )\t imply+ t e trait ( ,jesus' life & tea*+ 0 col\r$ by x & t he himself 0 s obsess$ by a s+le idea t he 0 unable to see ?+s z !y are4 pg #jci ,?is is precisely :at ! ,gospels d n p]mit u to believe4 ,x is manife/ t ,jesus _h a peculi>ly acute s5sibility to 8 surr\nd+s1 :e!r x 7 nature or human society1 & respond$ feel+ly1 spontane\sly4 ,8 s5se ( "r & wrong 0 s cle>ly intuitive t he c\ld deal sov]eignly ) ! ,law4 ,s*weitz] himself furni%es sugge/ions :i* t5d to r5d] ev5 ! ^w 8,int]imse?ik0 acceptable4 ,jesus' moral tea*+ 0 ori5t$ t[>ds ! com+ ,k+dom4 ,x 0 8p5ance0 9 prep>ation = ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,b x 0 n = all ?is an arbitr>y p5ance3 l ! e?ics ( ! ,prophets x 0 ! prescription ( righte\sness4 ,9 "o s5se at lea/1 x 0 n ( m]ely transitory importance4 ,f ! expectation ( ! approa*+ ,k+dom x receiv$ a %>pness ( emphasis :i* x c\ld n o!rwise h _h1--b x 0 a true emphasis4 ,x describ$ ! conduct appropriate to man 9 ?is pres5t _w s long z ?is _w %all la/--a conduct :i* is ju/ifi$ "h by ! expectation ( a bett] _w to come1 8beyond good & evil0 if y w4 8,?or\ghgo+ es*atology0 is surely n incompatible ) ! recognition ( a deep] pg #jdj intuition 9 ,jesus :i* is necess>y to expla9 ! int5sity ( ?is v es*atology itself4 ,x w\ld be a rigor\s extreme inde$ :i* w\ld exclude ! recognition ( ,jesus' ,god-consci\sness--8 consci\sness ( ,god z ,fa!r--z ! prim>y & all-controll+ fact ( 8 religi\s exp]i5ce4 ,no?+ is m obvi\s ?an t out ( t consci\sness he act$ & spoke imm$iately4 ,& :5 8 acts 7 influ5c$ & 8 spee* col\r$ by ! es*atological outlook1 :at 0 t ultimately b ! consci\sness ( ,god's ne>ness8 ,h[ c\ld ! expectation ( a div9e _w be s con/ant & s vivid )\t ! feel+ t x is 9 a s5se locally ne>1 imm95t1 imp5d+1 ready to break 91 inde$ actually intrud+ ^u ?is pres5t _w1 z x 7 8! f+] ( ,god0 t\*+ u "h8 ,intuitional feel+1 pres5tim5t1 insight1 does n readily di/+ui% betwe5 ne>ness 9 "t & 9 space4 ,jesus' es*atology 0 an expression ( 8 ,god-consci\sness--! mo/ em95t expression ( x4 ,es*atology 9 ! /rict s5se1 ) all its apocalyptic features1 has long ago pass$ out ( our view ( ! _w4 ,s*weitz] %[s u ) :at ju/ification ! ,*ur* disc>d$ x4 ,b ! feel+ t 0 beh9d pg #jda x rema9s1 & /ill con/itutes ! fundam5tal exp]i5ce ( religion4 ,x is ! feel+ ( a div9e environm5t1 close to u1 unspeakably close1 imm95t1 intrud+ ev5 ^u ! e-day _w4 8,?is is ! f+] ( ,god1 ,! fla% ( ! w t c1 ,exi/5t beh9d all laws1 ,t made !m1 & lo6 !y are40 ,intuitional feel+ is n especially incl9$ to express ! s5se ( ,god 9 t]ms ( "t4 ,space is ! category m famili> to x4 ,wordswor? f9ds t]ms to express :at is s intangible4 8,^? ob/9ate que/ion+s ,( s5se & outw>d ?+s1 ,fall+s f u1 vani%+s2 ,blank misgiv+s ( a creature ,mov+ ab\t 9 worlds n realis$ ,high in/9cts1 be=e :i* our mortal nature ,did tremble l a guilty ?+ surpris$40 ,apocalyptic es*atology no "o c\ld ev5 wi% to revive4 ,b ?is does n mean t ,biblical es*atology--! expectation ( ! great ,ev5t--mu/ be dissolv$ 9 ! mod]n hope ( ! gradual amelioration ( ! _w 9 ! c\rse ( hi/orical evolution4 ,we _c b feel h[ great a brea* t w\ld con/itute betwe5 our ?\ght & ! pg #jdb m9d ( ,jesus4 ,s*weitz] rem>ks ^u ! heavy dose ( 8resignation0 :i* su* a view implies4 ,/range t we d n m (t5 realise ?is6 ,does our optimism bl9d u to ! fact t we %all n p>take 9 8! f> (f div9e ev5t0--except our _s survive ! bodily dea?8 ,!re--9 ! hope ( life beyond dea?--is ! expectation :i* we sub/itute = apocalyptic es*atology1--a sub/itution s natural t x came ab\t )\t obs]vation4 ,s4 ,paul liv$ 9 ! expectation ( ! com+ ( ! ,"l1 b he evid5tly felt no s5se ( incongruity :5 he express$ ! feel+ t 8to dep>t & be ) ,*ri/ is v f> bett]0--he 0 ref]r+ to ! natural dea? ( ! body & ! hope ( life imm$iately beyond x4 ,?is is ! hope :i* has ev] s9ce *>act]is$ ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur*4 ,to dwell ^u t hope1 to set our 8affections ^u ?+s above1 :]e ,*ri/ is1 seat$ at ! "r h& ( ,god0--t is 8heav5ly m9d$ness40 ,) respect to ! feel+ at ! base ( x1 x is n s v diff]5t f apocalyptical es*atology4 ,9 ?is view ,*ri/ian e?ics /ill rema9s 8conditional0--y may call x ,int]imse?ik if y l4 ,! conduct x requires ( u is condition$ by ! hope ( a future pg #jdc life & is absurd "u any o!r supposition4 8,! practice ( ! pres5ce ( ,god0 is ! mo/ fundam5tally important religi\s ex]cise4 ,b if we succe$ 9 p]suad+ ourselves t "h & n[ we h ! only k+dom ( ,god we %all ev] "k2 if all our int]e/ & ef=t is absorb$ 9 realis+ a k+dom ( ,god ^u e>?2 !n n only h we ne$ ( 8resignation10 b we _c avoid feel+ ! brea* betwe5 our ?\ght & activity & t ( ,jesus4 ,we are puzzl$ to di/+ui% betwe5 worldly & heav5ly m9d$ness because ev5 our religi\s int]e/ is focuss$ ^u ?is e>?1 z ! sph]e n only ( our moral duty b ( our ultimate hope--! gradual evolution ( a p]fect human society4 ,t is :at we h made ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 int]pret+ x unes*atologically4 ,is n ?is aft] all a m cr$ul\s hope ?an t :i* expects a div9e int]v5tion1 a 8reg5]ation0 ( heav5 & e>?1 :i* %all prep>e ! fit abode = ! p]fect society8 ,& does x n /rike at ! v roots ( ! religi\s s5tim5t :5 we di/ract ! m9d f its natural int]e/ & curiosity ab\t ! ,beyond8 ,our p]sonal fate is n s mu* involv$ 9 ! f> (f amelioration ( human society z 9 some?+ pg #jdd mu* ne>]1 v ne> & imm95t1 ! e/ate j beyond dea?4 ,x is n altoge!r )\t reason t 9 ,*ri/ian dogmatics ! "n ( es*atology has be5 appli$ to ?is topic4 ,! e>li] type ( es*atology ,jesus himself has r5d]$ =ev]more impossible4 ,x is likely t ! fir/ objection we feel to apocalyptic es*atology lies 9 ! fact t x 0 express$ 9 t]ms ( an errone\s cosmology & is !re=e incompatible ) our mod]n view ( ! _w4 ,b z a matt] ( fact apocalyptic es*atology vani%$ f ! vital cre$ ( ! ,*ur* long be=e ! cosmology ^u :i* x 0 f\nd$ 0 prov$ to be false4 ,x 0 ,jesus :o br\ght x to an end4 ,ano!r sort ( es*atology promptly took its place--ano!r heav5ly hope1 :i* 0 sub/antially n apocalyptic4 ,yet ?is doctr9e too--! e>ly ,*ri/ian notion ( ! s\l & ( heav5--0 necess>ily f\nd$ ^u ! op9ions ( anci5t sci5ce4 ,! doctr9e ( ! s\l & ! doctr9e ( heav51 be+ less directly affect$ by ! f9d+s ( mod]n sci5ce1 h be5 m sl[ to *ange 9 con=mity ) our *ang$ view ( ! _w ?an has1 = example1 ! doctr9e ( creation4 ,b 9 _! old =m !y are none ! less incompatible pg #jde ) our mod]n ?\ght2 & = ?is reason we feel =c$ to put e sort ( es*atology aside1 we are no long] able to place ! heav5ly hope1 & ! heav5ly m9d$ness :i* x prompts1 9 ! c5tral position :i* belongs to !m4 ,t is to say1 we urg5tly ne$ to express ! ,*ri/ian doctr9e ( ! s\l 9 t]ms ( ! highe/ mod]n psy*ology & to express our heav5ly hope 9 t]ms ( a mod]n cosmology4 ,we ne$ a new cosmology6 ,t may seem to express an unpractical & fanta/ic desire4 ,b x w n s seem to any "o :o kn[s :at 8 !ory ( ! s\l & 8 gr&iose cosmology meant practically & religi\sly to ,gu/av ,!odor ,fe*n]17#ab7 or :o has exp]i5c$ :at ?is may mean = ! ori5tation ( 8 own p]sonal religion4 ,! old view ( ! _w has pass$ away3 we h be5 too slo?ful & c[>dly to take full possession ( ! new4 ,!re is really no?+ 9 ! mod]n view ( ! _w :i* effectually precludes u f direct+ our hope & ori5t+ our life t[>ds ! ,beyond1 z did ,jesus 9 8 way1 & z ! e>ly ,*ur* did 9 its way4 ,f ! mom5t t ,jesus pass$ into ! invisible & 0 !re felt & recognis$ z ! correspond5t pg #jdf ( our religi\s faculty we f9d t spatial t]ms bett] express ! sub/ance ( our heav5ly m9d$ness ?an d temporal4 ,we 8seek ! ?+s t are above1 :]e ,*ri/ is1 seat$ on ! "r h& ( ,god40 ,to recognise t our 8citiz5%ip is 9 heav50 is n to r5d] ourselves inept = ! p]=mance ( our duty ^u e>?4 ,r x ne$s to be reflect$ :e!r1 )\t ! deta*m5t1 )\t ! sup]iority to e>?ly circum/ance1 happy or unt[>d1 :i* comes f sett+ our 8m9d on ! ?+s t are above10 we possess any fulcrum = do+ a real "w ^u ! _w4 ,! es*atological int]pretation ( ! ,gospels does n ?ru/ ,jesus s f> f u z we are prone to ?9k3 r calls u to approa* ne>] to him1 to %>e aga9 m closely 8! m9d :i* 0 9 ,*ri/ ,jesus0 & :i* 9 "o =m or ano!r has be5 at all times ! *ief inspiration ( ! ,*ur*4 ,9 8 8,conclud+ ,reflections0 ,s*weitz] says3 8,e full view ( life1 cosmic philosophy1 ,weltans*auung 7! ,g]man ^w x is impossible to translate7 conta9s side by side elem5ts :i* are condition$ by ! age z well z o!rs :i* are uncondition$1 = x consi/s 9 ! v fact t a p5etrat+ w has p]vad$ & pg #jdg con/itut$ ! conceptual mat]ial furni%$ x by hi/ory4 ,?is latt] is subject$ to *ange4 ,h5ce !re is no ,weltans*auung1 h[ev] great & pr(\nd x may be1 :i* does n conta9 p]i%able mat]ial4 ,b ! w itself is timeless4 ,x reveals ! unse>*able & prim>y nature ( a p]son & det]m9es also ! f9al & fundam5tal def9ition ( 8 ,weltans*auung4 ,may ! conceptual mat]ial alt] nev] s mu*1 ) consequ5t div]sity betwe5 ! new ,weltans*auung & ! old1 yet ^! 9 reality only lie j s f> ap>t z ! wills :i* con/itute !m div]ge 9 direction4 ,! diff]5ces :i* are det]m9$ by ! alt]ation ( ! conceptual mat]ial are 9 ! la/ analysis m]ely second>y 9 importance1 h[ev] emphatically !y may make !mselves felt2 = ! same w1 h[ev] diff]5t be ! conceptual mat]ial 9 :i* x manife/s itself1 always creates ,weltans*auung5 :i* 9 _! nature correspond ) "o ano!r & co9cide4 8,s9ce ! "t :5 man atta9$ ! conditions prec$5t to su* an appreh5sion & judgm5t ( ?+s z we might call 9 our s5se a ,weltans*auung--t is1 s9ce ! individual le>n$ to take into consid]ation ! totality ( be+1 ! _w z a pg #jdh :ole1 & to reflect z a kn[+ & will+ subject ^u ! reciprocal relations ( a passive & active sort :i* subsi/ betwe5 himself & ! ,all--no f>-rea*+ developm5t has really occurr$ 9 ! spiritual life ( humanity4 ,! problems ( ! ,greeks turn up aga9 9 ! mo/ mod]n philosophy4 ,! scepticism ( to-day is ess5tially ! same z t :i* came to expression 9 anci5t ?\ght4 8,! primitive1 late-,jewi% metaphysic 9 :i* ,jesus express$ 8 ,weltans*auung aggravates exce$+ly ! difficulty ( translat+ 8 ideas into ! =mulas ( our "t4 ,! task is q impossible s long z "o tries to accompli% x by di/+ui%+ 9 detail betwe5 ! p]man5t & ! transitory4 ,& :at results z ! consequ5ce ( ?is proc$ure is s lack+ 9 =ce & conclusiv5ess t ! enri*m5t x contributes to our religion is r app>5t ?an real4 8,9 tru? !re c be no "q ( mak+ di/9ction betwe5 transitory & p]man5t1 b only ( transpos+ ! orig9al con/itutive ?\ght ( t ,weltans*auung into t]ms famili> to u4 ,h[ w\ld ! ,w ( ,jesus--appreh5d$ 9 its imm$iat5ess1 9 its def9it5ess & 9 its :ole pg #jdi compass--h[ w\ld x vitalise our ?\ght mat]ial & con/ruct f x a ,weltans*auung ( s moral & s mighty a sort t x c\ld be c\nt$ ! mod]n equival5t ( t :i* he creat$ 9 t]ms ( ! late-,jewi% metaphysics & es*atology8 8,if "o tries1 z has be5 done hi!rto almo/ inv>iably1 to reconcile ,jesus' ,weltans*auung ) ours any way x w g--:i* c be accompli%$ only by p>+ away all t is *>act]i/ic--?is proc$ure /rikes also at ! w :i* is manife/$ 9 ^! conceptions4 8,x loses its orig9ality & is no long] able to ex]t an elem5tal influ5ce ^u u4 ,h5ce x is t ! ,jesus ( mod]n !ology is s extraord9>ily lifeless4 ,left 9 8 es*atological _w he is great] &1 = all ! /rang5ess1 he affects u m elem5tally1 m mightily ?an ! mod]n ,jesus4 8,jesus' de$ consi/s 9 ! fact t 8 orig9al & pr(\nd moral nature took possession ( ! late-,jewi% es*atology & s gives expression1 9 ! ?\ght mat]ial ( ! age1 to ! hope & ! w :i* are int5t ^u ! e?ical consummation ( ! _w4 ,all attempts to av]t "o's vision f ?is ,weltans*auung z a :ole & to make ,jesus' significance = u to consi/ 9 pg #jej 8 revelation ( ! 8fa!rhood ( ,god10 ! 8bro!rhood ( man10 & s =?1 mu/ !re=e ( necessity lead to a n>r[ & peculi>ly insipid conception ( 8 religion4 ,9 reality he is an au?ority = u1 n 9 ! sph]e ( k1 b only 9 ! matt] ( ! w4 ,8 de/9$ rle c only consi/ 9 ?is1 t he z a mighty _s quick5s ! motives ( will+ & hop+ :i* we & our fell[m5 be> )9 u & br+s !m to su* a height ( int5sity & cl>ity z we c\ld n h atta9$ if we 7 left to ourselves & did n /& "u ! impression ( 8 p]sonality1 & t he ?us con=ms our ,weltans*auung to 8 own 9 its v nature1 9 spite ( all ! div]sity ( ?\ght mat]ial1 & awak5s 9 x ! en]gies :i* are active 9 84 8,! la/ & deepe/ k ( ?+s comes f ! w4 ,h5ce ! movem5t ( ?\ght :i* /rives to frame ! f9al syn!sis ( obs]vations & k 9 ord] to con/ruct a ,weltans*auung is det]m9$ 9 its direction by ! w1 :i* con/itutes ! prim>y & ! inexplicable ultimate ess5ce ( ! p]sons & ages 9 "q4 8,if our age & our religion h n appreh5d$ ! greatness ( ,jesus & h pg #jea be5 fright5$ back by ! es*atological col\r ( 8 ?\ght1 ?is 0 due only 9 "p to ! fact t !y c\ld n accommodate !mselves to ! /rang5ess ( x all4 ,! decisive reason 0 ano!r4 ,!y lack$ ! /rong & cle> /amp ( a w & a hope direct$ t[>ds ! moral consummation ( ! _w1 :i* are decisive = ,jesus & = 8 ,weltans*auung4 ,!y 7 devoid ( es*atology1--us+ ! ^w "h 9 its broade/ & mo/ g5]al s5se4 ,!y f\nd 9 !mselves no equival5ts = ! ?\ghts ( ,jesus1 & 7 !re=e n 9 a position to transpose 8 ,weltans*auung f ! late-,jewi% t]ms ( ?\ght into _! own4 8,!re 0 no answ]+ *ord ( sympa?y4 ,h5ce ! hi/orical ,jesus _h to rema9 /range to !m to a v great ext5t1 & t n only ) respect to 8 ?\ght mat]ial b also ) respect to 8 v nature4 ,8 e?ical en?usiasm & ! imm$iat5ess & might :i* *>act]is$ 8 ?\ght seems to !m excessive because !y "k no?+ t corresponds to x 9 _! own ?\ght & exp]i5ce4 ,s !y 7 con/antly int5t ^u mak+ out ( ! 8en?usia/0 a mod]n man & !ologian duly obs]vant ( metes & b\nds pg #jeb 9 all 8 do+s4 ,cons]vative !ology1 l ! old] or?odoxy to :i* x is ak91 0 n able to d any?+ ) ! hi/orical ,jesus1 because x likewise makes f> too little ( ! great moral ideas :i* 9 8 es*atology 7 /ruggl+ = life & practical expression4 8,x 0 !re=e ! lack ( an inw>d tun+ to ! same pit* ( w & hope & desire :i* made x impossible to atta9 a real k ( ! hi/orical ,jesus & a compreh5sive religi\s relation%ip ) him4 ,betwe5 him & a g5]ation :i* 0 lack+ 9 all imm$iat5ess & 9 all en?usiasm direct$ t[>ds ! f9al aims ( humanity & ( be+1 !re c\ld be no lively & f>-rea*+ fell[%ip4 ,= all its progress 9 hi/orical p]ception x really rema9$ m e/rang$ f him ?an 0 ! rationalism ( ! eighte5? & ! beg9n+ ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 :i* 0 br\ght clos] to him by its en?usia/ic fai? 9 ! possibility ( rapid progress t[>ds ! moral p]fection ( humanity40 ,i m>vel t ,s*weitz] 9 8 8,conclud+ ,reflections0 c dwell s insi/5tly ^u "o side ( ,jesus' es*atology & ignore s completely ! o!r4 ,jesus' pg #jec es*atology1 ! :ite light ( 8 conception ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 has come to u ?r\gh ! m$ium ( hi/ory refract$ 9 two rays ( diff]5t col\r & ( diff]5t direction4 ,"o repres5ts m specifically ! o!r-worldly side ( ,jesus' prea*+1 ! hope ( et]nal bless$ness beyond dea?1--:i* ! dogmatic !ologians are pleas$ to call 8es*atology10 z ?\gh our mod]n idea really reflect$ ,jesus' conception 9 its totality4 ,commonly ?is is :at we und]/& by ! 8,k+dom ( ,heav540 ,to d5om9ate ! o!r ray1 ,s*weitz] has appropriat$ 7) z que/ionable a "r7 ! 8,k+dom ( ,god40 ,he means to indicate by ?is simply ! moral developm5t ( humanity1 "h & "u pres5t t]re/rial conditions4 ,we readily und]/& :at he means1 because t is :at we mean commonly by 8! k+dom ( ,god ^u e>?40 ,we are conv9c$ t ! progress ( mank9d 9 true worldly culture & civilisation con/itutes a high moral aim :i* we d>e n rel9qui%2 b we h all exp]i5c$ ! difficulty ( reconcil+ ?is secul> en?usiasm ) ! o!r-worldl9ess ( ,jesus4 ,s*weitz] helps u 9 a measure to surm\nt ?is difficulty4 ,he also makes x 9 a measure cle> to u h[ 7= ! fact itself 0 pg #jed pat5t7 ?is en?usiasm = ! progress ( humanity has be5 re9=c$ by ,jesus' prea*+4 ,b x is a mi/ake to expect ( ?is "o col\r$ ray t x c ev] give back to u ! :ole :ite light ( ,jesus' inspiration4 ,we c n return aga9 to ,jesus' conception4 ,hi/ory /&s 9 ! way--real hi/ory1 n writt5 n>rative4 ,nor %all we ev] be able to comb9e aga9 9 "o :ite light ! 8brok5 lights0 :i* h come to u f 8 tea*+4 ,b we h ! two rays1 & 9 _! sep>at5ess !y are bo? famili> to u4 ,our eyes be> bett] ! col\r$ light4 ,cele/ial blue d5otes ! heav5ly hope2 r$ w d = ?is e>? & our passionate hopes = its bett]m5t4 ,b :y behave z if we _h only "o col\r & all ( ,jesus' light mu/ be =c$ into t8 ,s*weitz] ignores ! heav5ly hope 7! ?\ght ( life beyond dea?7 z ?\gh x 7 no long] op5 to ! mod]n man4 ,"o may get a notion ( :at x /ill may mean to ! mod]n sci5tific m9d f ,gu/av ,!odor ,fe*n]'s ,b*le9 vom ,leb5 na* dem ,tode1 or m l>gely f 8 ,z5d-,ave/a1 or 8 ,tagesansi*t4 ,?\gh to be sure x c mean no?+ to "o :o is b\nd by a mat]iali/ic philosophy4 ,at all ev5ts x is c]ta9 t ,jesus' w & aspiration c be pg #jee mu* m readily & fully express$ 9 ^! t]ms ?an 9 ! t]ms ( e?ical & social progress "h bel[4 ,to translate 8 ?\ght into ^! t]ms requires no elaborate ef=t4 ,! fir/ g5]ation ( 8 disciples did x )\t kn[+ :at !y did4 ,s*weitz] himself obs]ves 9 ano!r place t our mod]n fai? 9 ! f9al b sl[ p]fection ( ! _w 8requires a l>g] dose ( resignation0 ?an mo/ p are aw>e4 ,& h[ c any p]fection ^u ?is e>? be f9al1 s9ce none c be et]nal8 ,we are all ( u feel+ aft] a solution ( our mod]n difficulties4 ,s*weitz]'s ef=t aft] a tol]able accommodation is poignantly p]sonal l ours--& l ours x is t5tative4 ,x is too e>ly to hope = complete satisfaction4 ,yet 8 ef=ts obvi\sly t5d 9 ! same direction z ours4 ,s*weitz] p]ceives t 89 ! la/ resort our relation ) ,jesus is a my/ical "o40 ,= ! sake ( ?is ackn[l$gm5t1 z well z = o!r reasons :i* w be evid5t1 ,i am fa9 to conclude ?is ,introduction ) ,s*weitz]'s own words--! words ) :i* he concludes 8 late/ book3 8,9 ! la/ resort our relation%ip to ,jesus is ( a my/ical sort4 ,no p]sonality ( ! pa/ c be in/all$ 9 ! pres5t pg #jef by hi/orical reflection or by affirmations ab\t 8 au?oritative significance4 ,we get into relation ) him only :5 we are br\ght toge!r 9 ! recognition ( a common w1 exp]i5ce a cl>ification1 enri*m5t1 & quick5+ ( our w by 81 & f9d ourselves aga9 9 him4 ,9 ?is s5se e deep] relation%ip betwe5 m5 is ( a my/ical sort4 ,our religion1 !re=e1 s f> z x proves itself specifically ,*ri/ian1 is n s mu* #8,jesus-cult' z ,jesus-my/ic4 8,x is only ?us t ,jesus creates fell[%ip among u4 ,x is n z a symbol t he does x1 nor any?+ ( ! sort4 ,9 s f> z we ) "o ano!r & ) him are ( "o w1 to place ! ,k+dom ( ,god above all1 & to s]ve 9 behalf ( ?is fai? & hope1 s f> is !re fell[%ip betwe5 him & u & ! m5 ( all g5]ations :o liv$ & live 9 ! same ?\ght4 8,f ?is x w be manife/ also 9 :at way ! free & ! conf9$ movem5ts ( religion :i* n[ g side by side w come toge!r 9 unity4 ,false compromises are ( no avail4 ,all concessions by :i* ! free conception seeks to approa* ! conf9$ c only result 9 ambiguity & inconsequ5ce4 ,! diff]5ces lie 9 ! ?\ght pg #jeg mat]ial :i* is presuppos$ on ei!r side4 ,all ef=ts aft] an agreem5t 9 ?is sph]e are hopeless4 ,^! diff]5ces appe> s prom95t because !re is a lack ( elem5t>y & vital religi\sness4 ,two ?reads ( wat] w9d along side by side ?r\gh ! b\ld]s & gravel ( a great /ream b$4 ,x is ( no avail t "o seeks "h & !re to cle> out ( ! way ! masses t are pil$ up betwe5 !m1 9 ord] t !y may fl[ on 9 "o b$4 ,b :5 ! wat] rises & ov]fl[s ! b\ld]s !y f9d !mselves toge!r z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,s w ! conf9$ & ! free _s ( religion come toge!r :5 w & hope are direct$ aga9 t[>ds ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 & ! fell[%ip ) ! _s ( ,jesus becomes 9 !m some?+ elem5tal & mighty1 & !y are !reby br\ght s ne> toge!r 9 ! ess5ce ( _! ,weltans*auung & religion t ! diff]5ces ( ?\ght mat]ial /ill exi/ inde$1 b s9k b5ea? ! surface1 z ! b\ld]s are cov]$ by ! ris+ flood & 9 ! end b>ely glimm] out ( ! dep?s4 8,! names by :i* ,jesus 0 call$ 9 ! ?\ght mat]ial ( late ,judaism--,messiah1 ,son ( ,man1 & ,son ( ,god--h pg #jeh become to u hi/orical p>ables4 ,ev5 :5 he appli$ ^! titles to himself1 ?is 0 an hi/orically condition$ expression ( 8 appreh5sion ( himself z a comm&] & rul]4 ,we f9d no designation t might express 8 nature = u4 8,unkn[n & nameless he comes to u1 z he approa*$ ^? m5 on ! sea%ore t knew n :o he 04 ,he says ! same ^w3 ,b d ?\ foll[ me6 & he sets be=e u ! tasks :i* we 9 our g5]ation mu/ accompli%4 ,he comm&s4 ,& to ^? t obey him1 wise & unwise1 he w reveal himself 9 :at may be giv5 !m to exp]i5ce 9 8 fell[%ip ( peace & activity1 conflict & suff]+1 & z an unutt]able secret !y %all come to "k :o he is4 4440 ,,footnotes #a ,das ,messiasgeheimnis 9 d5 ,evangeli51 #aija4 #b ,*ri/usmy!4 #c ,! ,life ( ,*ri/ 9 ,rec5t ,rese>*1 #aijg4 #d ,es*atology ( ! ,gospels1 #aiaj4 #e ,ges*i*te d] paul9is*5 ,=s*ung1 #aiaa4 #f ,das ,selb/bewus/se9 ,jesu1 #a/ ed41 #ahhh4 #g ,die ,pr$igt ,jesu vom ,rei*e ,gottes1 #b;d ed41 #aijj2 also ,das lte/e ,evangelium1 #aijc4 #h ,que/ ( ! ,hi/orical ,jesus1 cap4 ,,xx4 #i ,das ,*ri/us-,problem1 #aijb4 #aj ,op4 cit4 #aa ,hibb]t ,j\rnal1 ,oct41 #aiaa1 p4 #hd4 #ab ,vide ,! ,liv+ ,^w by ,elwood ,worce/]1 #aijh4 pg #jei ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,mod]n 8,,hi/orical0 ,,solution #a4 ,summ>y ,acc\nt ( ,x4 ,,! ,synoptical texts d n expla9 h[ ! idea ( ! ,passion =c$ itself ^u ,jesus & :at x meant to him4 ,! spee*es ( ,pet] & ,paul view$ ! ,passion 9 ! aspect ( a div9e necessity :i* 0 prophesi$ by ! ,scripture4 ,! ,paul9e !ory likewise has no?+ to d ) hi/ory4 ,!re=e ! idea ( ! ,passion z x is develop$ "h 9 connection ) an acc\nt ( ,jesus' life is n directly furni%$ by ! texts b is d$uc$ f !m by implication4 ,"o is left "h to ! unavoidable necessity ( =mulat+ a !ory1 ! tru? ( :i* c only be judg$ by ! measure ( cle>ness & ord] :i* x introduces into ! ,synoptic acc\nts4 ,all ( ! !oretical con/ructions :i* h an outspok5 hi/orical int]e/ co9cide 9 an alleg$ solution :i* we d5om9ate ! mod]n-hi/orical4 ,:at is hi/orical ab\t x is ! int]e/ :i* prompts pg #jfj ! endeav\r to expla9 hi/ory4 ,! mod]n factor 9 x is ! psy*ological sympa?y ( compreh5sion by ! help ( :i* "o endeav\rs to %[ h[1 "u ! impression ( p>ticul> exp]i5ces1 ! idea ( ! ,passion =c$ itself ^u ,jesus & 0 giv5 by him a religi\s significance4 ,?is solution is bas$ ^u ! foll[+ consid]ations3 ,= ,jesus !re c\ld be no "q ( con/itut+ a gr\nd = ! =giv5ess ( s9s4 ,t he already assum$1 z ! petition 9 ! ,"l's ,pray] %[s1--x fl[$ inde$ q naturally f ! p>don+ fa!r-love ( ,god4 ,n[ ! ?\ght ( ! ransom 7,mk #aj3de 7 recalls ! ,paul9e !ory ( ! atonem5t ) its juridical "*4 ,?is1 inde$1 has ref]5ce to ! =giv5ess ( s9s4 ,x is !re=e to be presum$ t ! juridical notion ( ! atonem5t1 l ! ?\ght ( ! =giv5ess ( s9s1 0 /range to ,jesus1 s9ce x is n sugge/$ by any?+ 9 ! :ole "* ( 8 tea*+4 ,consequ5tly ! expressions ab\t ! significance ( 8 ,passion are 9 _! traditional =m influ5c$ someh[ or ano!r by ,paul9e conceptions4 ,if "o takes due acc\nt ( ?is influ5ce1 ! hi/orical say+ 7,mk #aj3de7 conta9s ! pg #jfa notion ( s]v+ ?r\gh sacrifice4 ,?is ?\ght is "h express$ 9 its highe/ pot5cy4 ,we /& ^u ! bord] :]e ! height5$ conception ( s]vice leads to t ( sacrifice & atonem5t4 ,! value ( ?is sacrifice = o!rs consi/s 9 ! fact t ?is suff]+ dea? :i* ,jesus und]w5t is at ! same "t ! inaugural act ?r\gh :i* ! new morality ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god receives emphatic sanction & ! new condition contemplat$ 9 ! idea ( ! ,k+dom is itself realis$4 ,?is de$ is ! effici5t fir/ factor 9 a *a9 ( trans=mations ! sup]natural conclusion ( :i* is 8 8com+ aga90 9 glory1 :]e ! ,new ,cov5ant :i* he seal$ ) 8 blood is fulfill$ 9 him4 ,!re) x is also expla9$ :y ! det]m9ation to enc\nt] suff]+ & dea? c\ld & mu/ sugge/ itself4 ,! realisation ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god 0 ,jesus' mission4 ,?is he _h und]tak5 to effect at fir/ )9 n>r[ limits dur+ 8 ,galilean m9i/ry4 ,?r\gh 8 prea*+ ( ! new morality gr\nd$ ^u fai? 9 ! div9e ,fa!r1 & "u ! influ5ce ( ! p[] :i* proce$$ f him1 ! beg9n+s ( ?is ,k+dom develop$4 ,x 0 a happy1 successful p]iod--! 8,galilean spr+ pg #jfb "t10 ,keim call$ x4 ,! climax ( ?is p]iod 0 rea*$ ) ! mission ( ! ,disciples4 ,?r\gh _! prea*+ ! glori\s se$ 0 to be /rewn abroad ev]y:]e4 ,z !y ^u _! return ann\nc$ to him _! success he broke out ) ! cry ( exultation :i* acc\nt$ ! victory already pres5t 7,mt #aa3be-bg74 ,!n came ! "t ( defeat4 ,! opposition 0 contriv$ & c>ri$ out f ,j]usalem 7,mk #g3a74 ,be=e ?is ! sympa?y ( ! p deliv]$ him f ! consequ5ces ( occasional friction ) ! (ficials4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 z ! opposition 0 sy/ematically pursu$1 ev5 8 foll[]s fell away f him4 ,x 0 om9\s t ! discussion ab\t c]emonial purification br\ght to light ! contradiction 9 :i* ,jesus f\nd himself ) ! legal tradition 7,mk #g3a-bc74 ,be=e spr+ _h aga9 return$ to ! l& he _h be5 oblig$ to leave ,galilee4 ,f> away 9 ! nor?1 9 quiet & solit>y retirem5t1 he collect$ 8 en]gies 9 ! ef=t p]fectly to und]/& himself4 ,= ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom !re rema9$ b "o way /ill op5 to him1--namely1 conflict ) ! p[] :i* oppos$ 8 "w4 ,he resolv$ to c>ry ?is conflict into ! capital itself4 ,!re fate %\ld decide4 pg #jfc ,p]haps ! victory w\ld fall to him4 ,b1 ev5 if x %\ld turn out t 9 ! c\rse ( e>?ly ev5ts ! fate ( dea? await$ him inevitably1 s long z he trod ! pa? :i* 8 (fice prescrib$1 ?is v suff]+ ( dea? mu/ signify 9 ,god's plan ! p]=mance by :i* 8 "w 0 to be cr[n$4 ,x 0 !n ,god's w t ! moral /ate appropriate to ! ,k+dom ( ,god %\ld be inaugurat$ by ! highe/ moral de$ ( ! ,messiah4 ,) ?is ?\ght he set out = ,j]usalem--9 ord] to rema9 ,messiah4 #b4 ,! ,f\r ,assumptions ( ! ,mod]n-,hi/orical ,solution4 #a4 ,! life ( ,jesus falls into two contra/$ epo*s4 ,! fir/ 0 =tunate1 ! second br\ght disillusion & ill success4 #b4 ,! =m ( ! ,synoptical ,passion-idea 9 ,mk #aj3de 78 giv+ himself a ransom = _m7 & 9 ! in/itution ( ! ,"l's ,supp] 7,mk #ad3bd3 8 blood giv5 = _m7 is someh[ or ano!r influ5c$ by ! ,paul9e !ory ( ! atonem5t4 #c4 ,! conception ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god z a self-fulfill+ e?ical society 9 :i* s]vice is ! highe/ law dom9at$ ! idea ( ! ,passion4 pg #jfd #d4 ,if ,jesus' ,passion 0 ! inaugural act ( ! new morality ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 ! success ( x dep5d$ ^u ! ,disciples be+ l$ to und]/& x 9 ?is s5se & to act 9 accordance ) x4 ,! ,passion-idea 0 a reflection4 ,are ^! assumptions1 consid]$ individually1 ju/ifi$8 #c4 ,! ,two ,contra/$ ,p]iods4 7,fir/ ,assumption47 ,! p]iod ( ill success is dat$ f ! "t foll[+ ! mission ( ! ,twelve4 ,:at are ! ev5ts ( ! suppos$ly =tunate p]iod8 ,we pass ov] ! vexati\s discussion ) ! ,ph>isees ab\t ! heal+ ( ! p>alytic 7,mk #b3a-ab71 ov] ! "q ( fa/+ 7,mk #b3ah-bb71 & t ( ! obs]vance ( ! ,sabba? 7,mk #b3bc-c3f74 ,already 9 ,mk #c3f x has come to ! po9t ( a murd]\s attack4 ,jesus has to r5\nce 8 family because !y wi% to fet* him home by =ce z "o :o is m5tally incompet5t 7,mk #c3bj-bb1 ,mk #c3ca-ce74 ,at ,naz>e? he is reject$ 7,mk #f3a-f74 ,9 ! same p]iod occurs ! attack :i* %ock$ him mo/ pr(\ndly4 ,! ,ph>isees discr$it$ him ) ! p by pg #jfe *>g+ t he 0 9 league ) ! devil 7,mk #c3bb-cj74 ,h[ deeply ?is say+ w\nd$ him may be se5 f 8 ref]5ce to x 9 ! commission to ! ,twelve4 ,he prep>$ 8 ,disciples = a simil> exp]i5ce4 8,if !y h call$ ! ma/] ( ! h\se ,beelzebub1 h[ mu* m ^? ( 8 h\sehold0 7,mt #aj3be74 ,su* are ! well kn[n ev5ts ( ! 8successful p]iod06 ,b !y are no?+ 9 comp>ison ) ^? :i* he h9ts at :5 he is s5d+ out ! ,twelve4 ,9 g5]al t]ms he has already pron\nc$ ^? bless$ :o are reproa*$ & p]secut$ = 8 sake 7,mt #e3aa1 #ab74 ,n[ he leads 8 ,disciples to expect oppression & di/ress 7,mt #aj3ag-be74 ,fai?fulness to him involves ! endurance ( enmity 7,mt #aj3bb71 ! sev]ance ( ! de>e/ ties 7,mt #aj3cg71 & ! be>+ ( ! cross 7,mt #aj3ch74 ,! ,galilean p]iod is to be reg>d$ z a happy "o3 ! commission to ! ,twelve is pessimi/ic 9 tone4 ,h[ does t agree8 ,! h9ts also :i* he drops at t "t 9 ! pres5ce ( ! p po9t to bitt] cata/rophes4 ,:at mu/ h occurr$ 9 ,*oraz91 9 ,cap]naum1 & 9 ,be?saida t he calls d[n ^u !m ! wra? ( pg #jff ! ,day ( ,judgm5t1 9 :i* x %all be m tol]able = ,tyre & ,sidon ?an = !m 7,mt #aa3bj-bd76 ,because ?is gloomy tone accords ill ) ! happy ,galilean p]iod1 !re is an obvi\s temptation to reg>d ! ,mat!an spee*es ( ! "t ( ! ,apo/les' mission z compositions :i* include fragm5ts belong+ to a lat] p]iod4 ,:]e1 h[ev]1 c\ld ,jesus h spok5 su* words8 ,s long z he rema9$ 9 ! nor? aft] ! flight he made no spee*es1 & ! utt]ances ( ! ,j]usalem days h _! own peculi> "*1 s t x is h>d to "k :]e to introduce ref]5ces to ,galilean occurr5ces & w>n+s to ! ,disciples 9 prospect ( _! j\rney4 ,moreov]1 x is a fact t no?+ is relat$ ab\t conspicu\s successes 9 ! fir/ p]iod4 ,! successes fir/ beg9 ) ! mission ( ! ,twelve4 ,jesus celebrates ! great mom5t ( _! return ) words ( en?usiasm 7,mt #aa3be-bg74 ,are we to suppose n[ t 9 ! sequel ! ,ph>isees triumph$ ov] him completely & ! p des]t$ him8 ,( su* a retrogression ( 8 cause ! texts1 h[ev]1 record no?+4 ,! discussion ab\t c]emonial purification 7,mt #g3a-bc7 does n furni% :at 0 expect$ pg #jfg ( x4 ,jesus _h already at an e>li] "t come into mu* hott] conflict ) ! !ologians ( ! capital 7,mk #c3bb-cj74 ,9 ! "q ab\t ! laws ( purification x 0 n he t 0 wor/$4 ,jesus' defeat has be5 inf]r$ f ! fact t ! 8flight0 to ! nor? foll[$ ?is sc5e 7,mk #g3bd ff474 ,b ! acc\nts d n 9 ! lea/ repres5t ?is dep>ture z a flight1 nor d !y acc\nt = ?is j\rney to ! nor? z a result ( ! previ\s controv]sy2 r x is we :o int]polate a fictiti\s causal connection 9 ! *ronological sequ5ce ( ! n>rative4 ,if ,jesus imm$iately be=e ?is 0 support$ by ! popul> fav\r & n[ leaves ! region1 we h a fact be=e u :i* /&s unexpla9$ 9 ! texts4 ,t x 0 a flight is an unprovable conjecture4 ,no importance ne$ be atta*$ to ! fact t subsequ5tly ,jesus aga9 appe>s on two occasions surr\nd$ by a multitude 7,mk #h3a-i3 fe$+ ( ! #djjj2 & ,mk #h3cd ff43 ! sc5es be=e & aft] ! ,transfiguration74 ,?is fact might p]haps be attribut$ to a lit]>y recon/ruction ( ! respective acc\nts1--z may be consid]$ e/abli%$1 = example1 9 ! case ( ! d\blette ( ! fe$+ ( ! multitude4 pg #jfh ,decisive1 h[ev]1 is ! reception :i* ! ,passov] c>avan accord$ to ,jesus z he ov]took x at ,j]i*o4 ,?is ovation 0 n accord$ to ! man :o _h lo/ gr\nd be=e ! ,ph>isees 9 8 own c\ntry & among 8 own p & at la/ _h be5 =c$ to flee1 b to ! celebrat$ prophet em]g+ f 8 retirem5t4 ,if ?is ,galilean populace support$ him n[ by _! acclaim & enabl$ him to t]rorise ! magi/rates 9 ! capital = sev]al days--= 8 purification ( ! ,temple 0 no?+ else b t--& to expose ! scribes ) 8 dry irony1 is x possible t !y did x = ! man :o a few weeks be=e _h to yield to ^! !ologians 9 8 own l&8 ,if "o insi/s ^u speak+ ( a successful p]iod1 x is ! second t mu/ be s d5om9at$4 ,= :]ev] ,jesus appe>s 9 public aft] ! return ( ! ,twelve he is accompani$ by a devot$ multitude--9 ,galilee1 f ! ,jordan to ,j]usalem1 & 9 ! capital itself4 ,! surly ,jewi% populace is an inv5tion ( ! ,f\r? ,evangeli/4 ,!n1 too1 ! illegality ( 8 secret arre/ & ha/y conviction %[s :at ! ,c\ncil fe>$ f ! popul> fav\r 9 behalf ( ,jesus4 ,t 0 ! only 8ill success0 ( pg #jfi ! second p]iod4 ,x 0 inde$ a fatal "o4 ,! fir/ & successful ,galilean p]iod is !re=e 9 reality a "t ( humiliation & ill success4 ,!re is a d\ble reason = reg>d+ x nev]!less z a 8happy0 "t4 ,9 ! fir/ place !re is an /hetic elem5t 9 x1 :i* ,keim 9 p>ticul> /rongly emphasises4 ,a s]ies ( p>ables drawn f nature1 z well z ! wond]ful spee* aga9/ worldly c>e 7,mt #f3be-cd71 seem h>dly intelligible except z ! reflection ( a glad & *e]ful s5se = ! beauty ( nature4 ,) ?is is associat$1 9 ! second place1 an hi/orical po/ulate4 ,9 ! fir/ p]iod no trace is discov]able ( ! idea ( ! ,passion3 ! second is dom9at$ by x4 ,h5ce ! fir/ 0 successful1 ! second unsuccessful1--= o!rwise !re is no way ( acc\nt+1 psy*ologically or hi/orically1 = ! *ange4 ,! hi/orical facts speak diff]5tly4 ,9 ! real p]iod ( ill success ! resolution to suff] did n come to light4 ,9 ! successful second p]iod1 on ! o!r h&1 ,jesus disclos$ to 8 ,disciples t he mu/ be put to dea? by ! scribes4 ,?us ! relation 0 ! rev]se4 ,h]e) mod]n-hi/orical psy*ology f9ds itself be=e an enigma4 pg #jgj #d4 ,! ,influ5ce ( ! ,paul9e ,!ory ( ! ,atonem5t ^u ! ,=mulation ( ! ,synoptical ,pr$iction ( ! ,passion4 7,second ,assumption47 ,no pro( c be br\ght to support ! cont5tion t ! ,passion passages 9 ! ,synoptic ,gospels are influ5c$ by ,paul9e conceptions4 ,"h aga9 we h a sort ( po/ulate4 ,= if ! juridical "* ( ,mk #aj3de & ,mk #ad3bd _c be set d[n to ! acc\nt ( ! ,paul9e m$ium1 "o mu/ assume t ,jesus' own notion ( ! ,passion conta9$ ?is bold conception ( atonem5t4 ,! mod]n-hi/orical solution1 h[ev]1 is n adapt$ to t alt]native4 ,z a matt] ( fact x is demon/rable t no ,paul9e influ5ce c be disc]n$ "h4 ,accord+ to ,paul1 ,jesus said at ! ,la/ ,supp]3 ,my body = y 7#a ,cor4 #aa3bd74 ,9 ! same mann] ,luke has3 ,my body :i* is giv5 = y2 ! blood :i* is %$ = y 7,lk #bb3ai1 #bj74 ,bo? ! old] ,synopti/s inv>iably write in/ead ( ?is3 = _m4 ,mk #aj3de ,mt #bj3bh3 to give 8 life a ransom = _m4 ,mk #ad3bd ,mt #bf3bh3 my blood ( ! cov5ant :i* is %$ = _m4 ,9 ! "o case ! p]sons :o are to b5efit by ! ,passion are def9itely det]m9$3 !y pg #jga are ! ,disciples4 ,9 ! o!r case x is a "q ( an indef9ite numb]4 ,no?+ is accompli%$ by ! argum5t t x comes 9 ! end sub/antially to ! same ?+4 ,:y1 accord+ to ! old] ,synopti/s1 did ,jesus speak ( ! _m1 accord+ to ,paul1 ( 8 own8 ,! sole explanation lies 9 ! fact t ,paul wrote f ! /&po9t ( ! ,*ur* aft] ! dea? ( ,jesus4 ,f ?is po9t ( view ! sav+ efficacy ( ,jesus' dea? is appli$ to a det]m9ate community1 to ^?1 namely1 :o believe on him4 ,! ,disciples repres5t ?is community ( believ]s 9 ! hi/orical say+s ( ,jesus1 because f ! /&po9t ( ! ,*ur*1 f\nd$ z x 0 ^u belief 9 ! ,messiah1 "o c\ld n conceive t ,jesus' words ab\t 8 ,passion c\ld h any o!r ref]5ce b to ! believ]s4 ,! e>ly ,synoptic 8= _m0 is utt]$1 h[ev]1 f ! hi/orical /&po9t4 ,t is to say1 x is appropriate to ! "t :5 ,jesus did n yet require belief 9 8 messiah%ip1 :5 consequ5tly ! numb] ( p]sons :om 8 dea? is to b5efit is left indet]m9ate4 ,( only "o ?+ is he c]ta91 t x is great] ?an ! circle ( 8 ,disciples3 h5ce he said1 8= _m40 ,_h pg #jgb he us$ ! expression1 8= y10 :i* ,paul ?\ght x natural to attribute to him1 ! ,disciples mu/ h conclud$ f x t he 0 dy+ = !m alone1 inasmu* z !y c\ld n !n h ! feel+ t !y 7 repres5tatives ( a future community ( believ]s1 accord+ to ! conception :i* 0 s obvi\s to ,paul & ! ,*ur*4 ,inasmu* z ?is 8= _m0 has held its place1 9 spite ( ! fact t ,paul1 writ+ f ! *ur*ly po9t ( view1 felt in/9ctively ! necessity ( sub/itut+ 8= y0 7?\gh he !reby co9$ an expression :i* is hi/orically impossible71 "o is n ju/ifi$ 9 assum+ any sort ( ,paul9e influ5ce ^u ! traditional =m ( ! e>ly ,synoptic ,passion-idea4 ,! bold !ory ( ! atonem5t 9 ! ,synopti/s is !re=e hi/orical4 ,any s(t5+ ( x1 su* z ! mod]n-hi/orical solution mu/ assume1 is )\t ju/ification4 ,h5ce 9 ! int]pretation ( ,jesus' say+ ! fir/ requisite is to d ju/ice to ! expression 8= _m40 ,because !y h n done ?is1 all expositions ( ! significance ( ,jesus' dea?--f ,paul to ,rits*l--are unhi/orical4 ,"o has b to sub/itute1 = ! community ( believ]s ) :i* !y deal1 ! indet]m9ate & unqualifi$ pg #jgc 8_m0 ( ! hi/orical say+1 & _! int]pretation become simply mean+less4 ,t int]pretation alone is hi/orical :i* r5d]s x intelligible :y1 accord+ to ,jesus1 ! atonem5t accompli%$ by 8 dea? is to r$\nd to ! b5efit ( a numb] :i* is int5tionally left indet]m9ate4 #e4 ,! ,k+dom ( ,god z an ,e?ical ,entity 9 ! ,passion ,idea4 7,?ird ,assumption47 7a74 ,mk #aj3da-de4 ,s]vice z ! e?ical conduct prescrib$ 9 expectation ( ! com+ ,k+dom4 ,! sons ( ,zeb$ee _h advanc$ ! claim to sit on ei!r side ( ! ,"l 9 8 glory1 i4 e4 :5 he %\ld reign z ,messiah ^u 8 ?rone4 ,! o!r ,disciples object to ?is4 ,jesus calls !m toge!r & speaks to !m ab\t s]v+ & rul+ 9 connection ) ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,9 ?is say+ "o is accu/om$ to f9d ! e?ical conception ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,!re is to be a revaluation ( all values4 ,! greate/ 9 ! ,k+dom ( heav5 is he :o becomes lea/1 l a *ild 7,mt #ah3d71 & ! rul] is he :o s]ves4 ,self-humiliation & ! meekness ( s]vice1 su* is ! pg #jgd new morality ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god :i* comes into =ce ?r\gh ,jesus' s]vice unto dea?4 ,) ?is1 h[ev]1 ! fact is ignor$ t ! ,k+dom 9 :i* "o reigns is ?\ght ( z a future ?+1 :]eas ! s]v+ applies to ! pres5t6 ,9 our e?ical fa%ion ( view+ ! matt]1 s]v+ & reign+ co9cide logically & *ronologically4 ,) ,jesus1 h[ev]1 x is n at all a "q ( a purely e?ical ex*ange ( ! notions ( s]v+ & rul+2 r x is a contra/ :i* develops 9 a *ronological sequ5ce4 ,!re is a %>p di/9ction made betwe5 ! pres5t & ! future on4 ,he :o is "o day to c\nt among ! greate/ 9 ! ,k+dom ( ,god mu/ n[ be z a *ild6 ,he :o advances a claim to a position ( rule !re9 mu/ n[ s]ve6 ,! m l[ly ! position ( humble s]vice :i* "o n[ assumes1 9 ! "t :5 ! e>?ly rul]s ex]cise au?ority by =ce1 s mu* ! m l(ty w be 8 /ation z rul] :5 e>?ly =ce is done away & ! ,k+dom ( ,god dawns4 ,h5ce he especially mu/ humble himself ev5 unto dea? :o is to come z ! ,son ( ,man ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 to judge & to rule ! _w4 ,be=e he m\nts 8 ?rone he dr9ks ! cup ( suff]+1 pg #jge :i* !y also mu/ ta/e :o w\ld reign ) him6 ,s soon z "o pays due att5tion to ?is 8n[ & !n0 9 ,jesus' spee*1 ! trivial p>allelism ( phrase is replac$ by a real & effective climax4 ,! desc5d+ /ages ( s]vice correspond to ! asc5d+ /ages ( rule4 #a4 ,:osoev] w\ld become great among y1 %all be y\r s]vant--,mk #aj3dc4 #b4 ,:osoev] ( y w\ld be fir/1 %all be bonds]vant ( all 7o!rs7--,mk #aj3dd4 #c4 ,!re=e ! ,son ( ,man expect$ ! po/ ( highe/ rule because he 0 n come to be s]v$ b to s]ve1 9 giv+ 8 life a ransom = _m--,mk #aj3de4 ,! climax is a d\ble "o4 ,! s]vice ( ! ,disciples ext5d$ only to _! circle3 ! s]vice ( ,jesus to an unlimit$ numb]1 namely1 to all su* z 7 to b5efit by 8 suff]+ & dea?4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,disciples x 0 m]ely a "q ( unselfi% subjection3 9 ! case ( ,jesus x meant ! bitt] suff]+ ( dea?4 ,bo? c\nt z s]v+1 inasmu* z !y e/abli% a claim to a position ( rule 9 ! ,k+dom4 ,! ord9>y explanation does n satisfy ! e>ly ,synoptic text b only t ( ,lk #bb3bd-bg4 ,?is text has torn ! n>rative f pg #jgf its prop] connection1 s t x appe>s z a dispute among ! ,disciples 8:i* ( !m is acc\nt$ to be ! greate/40 ,) ?is1 ! 8n[ & !n0 is elim9at$ f ! situation1 & x is only a "q ( a purely e?ical inv]sion ( ! ideas ( rul+ & s]v+4 ,accord+ly1 ,jesus' spee*1 too1 runs on 9 a lifeless p>allelism4 ,he t is great] among y1 let him become z ! y\ng]1 & he t is *ief1 z he t do? s]ve 7,lk #bb3bf74 ,in/ead ( exemplify+ by 8 own sacrifice ( himself unto dea? = ! great g5]ality ( m5 ! conduct requir$ ( ^? :o w\ld reign ) him1 he speaks only ( 8 s]viceable "* z display$ t[>ds ! ,disciples3 ,b ,i am 9 ! mid/ ( y z he t s]ve? 7,lk #bb3bg74 ,by ?is he means a s]v+ t is at ! same "t rul+4 ,9 ! case ( ! two old] ,synopti/s1 h[ev]1 x is n at all a "q ( ! proclamation ( ! new morality ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 :]e s]v+ is rul+2 r x is a "q ( ! significance ( humility & s]vice 9 expectation ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,s]vice is ! fundam5tal law ( int]im-e?ics4 ,?is ?\ght is mu* deep] & m vital ?an ! mod]n play ^u words :i* we attribute to ! ,"l4 ,only ?r\gh l[l9ess pg #jgg & *ildlik5ess 9 ?is on is "o wor?ily prep>$ to reign 9 ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,only he :o is "h morally purifi$ & ennobl$ ?r\gh suff]+ c be great !re4 ,h5ce suff]+ is = ,jesus ! moral means ( acquir+ & confirm+ ! messianic au?ority to :i* he is designat$4 ,e>?ly rule1 because x dep5ds ^u =ce1 is an emanation ( ! p[] ( ungodl9ess4 ,au?ority 9 ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 :]e ! p[] ( ?is _w is de/roy$1 signifies emanation f ! div9e p[]4 ,only he c be ! be>] ( su* au?ority :o has kept himself free f ! contam9ation ( e>?ly rule4 ,to allot x to su* z h prep>$ !mselves ?r\gh suff]+ is ,god's affair & 8 alone 7,mk #aj3ci1 #dj74 ,b if s]vice does n repres5t ! morality ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 ,jesus' conception ( ! ,passion does n deal ) ! correspond+ notion ( ! ,k+dom z a self-develop+ e?ical society1 b r ) a sup]-moral entity1 namely1 ! ,k+dom ( ,god 9 its es*atological aspect4 7b74 ,! idea ( ! ,passion & ! ,es*atological ,expectation4 ,! inve/igation ( ! acc\nts ( ! ,"l's ,supp] 9 ! fir/ "p ( ?is "w reveal$ a close connection betwe5 ! es*atological pg #jgh conclusion 7,mk #ad3be7 & ! expression ab\t ! blood %$ = _m 7,mk #ad3bd74 ,! o!r passages ab\t ! ,passion sugge/ a simil> connection4 ,aft] ,jesus ) 8 8,yes0 _h himself pron\nc$ ! v]dict ( dea? he speaks ( 8 8com+ aga90 ^u ! cl\ds ( heav54 ,h]eby1 accord+ to ,m>k's text1 he associates ! two ev5ts 9 a s+le ?\ght4 ,mk #ad3fb3 ,i am1 & ye %all see ! ,son ( ,man sitt+ at ! "r h& ( ! ,p[] & com+ ) ! cl\ds ( ,heav54 ,?is logical connection is already weak5$ by ,mat!w1 z 9 ! case ( ! ^w ab\t ! cup4 ,he sub/itutes = ! 8&0 an expression :i* d5otes a temporal sequ5ce m]ely4 ,mt #bf3fd3 ,?\ ha/ said3 nev]!less ,i say unto y1 h5ce=? %all ye1 etc4 ,! es*atological ref]5ce is lack+ 9 ,luke3 he has omitt$ x also f ! ^w ab\t ! cup4 ,a close connection betwe5 ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion & es*atology is impli$ also 9 ,jesus' say+ ab\t ! pa? ( suff]+ :i* 8 foll[]s mu/ tread 7,mk #h3cd- #i3a74 ,:osoev] %all be a%am$ ( ,jesus :5 he suff]s reproa* & p]secution 9 ?is adult]\s & s9ful _w1 ( him w ! ,son ( ,man be a%am$ :5 he come? 9 ! glory pg #jgi ( 8 ,fa!r ) ! holy angels4 ,= ?is g5]ation %all n s9k into ! grave until !y see ! ,k+dom ( ,god come ) p[]6 ,?is connection mu/ h appe>$ extremely prom95t to ! he>]s4 ,aft] ! dep>ture f ,cs>ea ,philippi1 "u ! impression ( ! secret ( ! ,passion1 :i* fill$ !m ) a s5se ( sadness & fe> 7,mk #i3cj-cb71--! ,disciples dispute :i* ( !m %all receive ! highe/ place 9 ! ,k+dom4 ,9 ! h\se at ,cap]naum ,jesus _h to rebuke !m 7,mk #i3cc-cg74 ,t 0 aft] he _h spok5 = ! second "t ab\t 8 ,passion4 ,on ! way to ,j]usalem ! same sc5e 0 re5act$ 9 close/ conjunction ) ! ?ird pr$iction ( ! ,passion4 7,mk #aj3cb-da74 ,! sons ( ,zeb$ee advance _! claim to ! seats ^u ! ?rone4 ,?is is n 9 ! lea/ a case ( *ildi% misund]/&+ on ! "p ( 8 foll[]s1 = ,jesus 9 fact treats _! sugge/ion ) p]fect s]i\sness4 ,! es*atological expectation mu/ accord+ly h be5 ?r[n into su* /rong relief = ! ,disciples by ,jesus' pr$iction ( 8 ,passion t !y necess>ily reason$ )9 !mselves ab\t ! position !y %\ld occupy 9 ! com+ ,k+dom4 pg #jhj ,! mod]n-hi/orical solution elim9ates ! es*atological conception ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god f ! ,passion1 r$uc+ x to ! notion ( an apo!osis1 8! com+ aga910 z x is call$4 ,?is expression is entirely false4 ,jesus nev] spoke ( 8 com+ aga9 b only ( 8 com+ or ( ! adv5t ( ! ,son ( ,man4 ,we use ! expression 8com+ aga90 because we connect dea? & glory by contra/1 z ?\gh ! new situation 7 condition$ m]ely ^u a victori\s transfiguration ( ,jesus4 ,our view makes him say3 8,i %all die1 b ,i %all be glorifi$ ?r\gh my com+ aga940 ,z a matt] ( fact1 h[ev]1 he said3 8,i mu/ suff] & ! ,son ( ,man %all appe> ^u ! cl\ds ( heav540 ,b t = 8 he>]s meant mu* m ?an an apo!osis--= ) ! appe>+ ( ! ,son ( ,man dawn$ ! es*atological ,k+dom4 ,jesus !re=e sets 8 dea? 9 temporal-causal connection ) ! es*atological dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! es*atological notion ( ! ,k+dom1 n ! mod]n-e?ical notion1 dom9ates 8 idea ( ! ,passion4 #f4 ,! ,=m ( ! ,pr$iction ( ! ,passion4 7,f\r? ,assumption47 ,if ! mod]n hi/orical solution be correct pg #jha 9 its conception1 ,jesus mu/ h communicat$ ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion to 8 ,disciples 9 ! =m ( an e?ical reflection4 ,if !y 7 to compreh5d ! approa*+ cata/rophe z ! inauguration ( ! new morality1 & 7 to d]ive f x inc5tive to a *ange ( conduct1 !n he mu/ h famili>is$ !m ) ! "* ( ?is ev5t f ! v beg9n+1 z soon z ev] he ann\nc$ x4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 h[ev]1 he imp>t$ to !m ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion1 n 9 ! =m ( an e?ical reflection1 b z a secret1 )\t fur!r explanation4 ,x is dom9at$ by a 8mu/10 ! expression = incompreh5sible div9e necessity4 ,! fact t ! ,passion-idea 0 a secret /&s oppos$ to ! mod]n-hi/orical solution4 #g4 ,rsum4 #a4 ,! assumption ( a =tunate ,galilean p]iod :i* 0 foll[$ by a "t ( defeat is hi/orically unt5able4 #b4 ,paul9e influ5ce _c h condition$ ! =m ( ! e>ly ,synoptic say+s ab\t ! ,passion4 #c4 ,n ! e?ical b ! hyp]-e?ical1 ! es*atological1 notion ( ! ,k+dom pg #jhb dom9ates ! ,passion z ,jesus conceiv$ x4 #d4 ,! utt]ances ( ! ,passion-idea did n occur 9 ! =m ( an e?ical reflection b x 0 a "q ( an incompreh5sible secret :i* ! ,disciples _h n ! lea/ ne$ to und]/& & 9 fact did n4 ,su* is ! situation ) reg>d to ! f\r pill>s ( ! mod]n-hi/orical solution4 ,) !m ! :ole /ructure collapses4 ,x is aft] all a lifeless ?\ght6 ,! feeble mod]nity ( x is visible 9 ! fact t x does n get beyond a sort ( repres5tative significance ( ,jesus' dea?4 ,jesus effects by 8 (f]+ ( himself no?+ absolutely new1 s9ce ?r\gh\t 8 :ole public m9i/ry he assumes t ! ,k+dom ( ,god is already pres5t z a disp5sation ( ! =giv5ess ( s9 or z ! morally develop+ society4 ,) 8 v appe>ance ^u e>? x is !re4 ,! p]=mance ( atonem5t1 h[ev]1 requires a real significance 9 ,jesus' dea?4 ,h]e9 lies ! weakness ( ! mod]n dogmatic 9 contra/ ) ! old4 ,paul1 ,anselm1 & ,lu!r "k ( an absolutely new situation :i* foll[s 9 "t ! dea? ( ,jesus pg #jhc & results z a consequ5ce ( x4 ,mod]n !ology talks all ar\nd ! subject2 x has no?+ specific to say1 h[ev]1 b involves itself 9 ! cl\d ( its own assumptions4 ,bo? acc\nts1 inde$1 are unhi/orical4 ,religi\sly consid]$1 only ! mod]n view is ju/ifiable4 ,! old dogmatic1 h[ev]1 is 9 ?is po9t ! m hi/orical1 = x po/ulates at all ev5ts a real effect ( ! dea? ( ,jesus1 z ! ,synoptical passages require4 ,9 :at1 h[ev]1 does ?is absolutely new ?+ consi/ :i* is !re made to dep5d ^u ! dea? ( ,jesus8 ,! ,synoptic say+s give b "o answ] to ?is3 ! es*atological realisation ( ! ,k+dom6 ,! com+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god ) p[] is dep5d5t ^u ! atonem5t :i* ,jesus p]=ms4 ,t is sub/antially ! secret ( ! ,passion4 ,h[ is t to be und]/ood8 ,only ! hi/ory ( ,jesus c ?r[ light ^u x4 ,9 place ( ! mod]n-hi/orical solution we advance n[ ! es*atological-hi/orical4 pg #jhd ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,! 8,,developm5t0 ,,( ,,jesus #a4 ,! ,k+dom ( ,god z an ,e?ical & z an ,es*atological ,fact4 ,,! concurr5ce 9 ,jesus ( an e?ical ) an es*atological l9e ( ?\ght has always con/itut$ "o ( ! mo/ difficult problems ( ,new ,te/am5t /udy4 ,h[ c two su* diff]5t views ( ! _w1 9 "p diametrically oppos$ to "o ano!r1 be unit$ 9 "o process ( ?\ght8 ,! attempt has be5 made to evade ! problem1 ) ! j feel+ t ! two views _c be unit$4 ,critical spirits l ,t4 ,colani 7,jesus-,*ri/ et les croyance messianique de son temps4 #ahfd1 pp4 #id ff41 #afi ff47 & ,g4 ,volkm> 7,die ,evangeli54 #ahgj1 pp4 #ecj ff47 w5t to ! l5g? ( elim9at+ altoge!r es*atology f ! field ( ,jesus' ?\ght4 ,all expressions ( t sort 7 accord+ly to be *>g$ to ! acc\nt ( ! es*atological expectation ( a lat] "t4 ,?is proc$ure is fru/rat$ by ! /ubbornness ( ! texts3 ! es*atological say+s belong precisely to ! be/ atte/$ passages4 pg #jhe ,! excision ( !m is an act ( viol5ce4 ,no m successful has be5 ! attempt to evade ! problem by sublimat+ ! es*atology1 z ?\gh ,jesus _h translat$ ! reali/ic conceptions ( 8 "t into spiritual t]ms by us+ !m 9 a figurative s5se4 ,! "w ( ,eric ,haupt 7,die es*atologis*5 ,aussag5 ,jesu 9 d5 synoptis*5 ,evangeli51 #ahie7 is bas$ ^u ?is ?\ght4 ,b !re is no?+ to ju/ify u 9 assum+ t ,jesus atta*$ to 8 words a non-natural s5se1 :]eas 8 he>]s1 9 accordance ) ! prevail+ view1 mu/ h und]/ood !m reali/ically4 ,n only are we at a loss = a rational explanation ( su* a me?od on ,jesus' "p1 b he himself gives n ! slighte/ h9t ( x4 ,s ! problem rema9s z urg5t z ev]1 h[ ! juxtaposition ( two discordant views ( ! _w is to be expla9$4 ,! sole solution seems to lie 9 ! assumption ( a gradual developm5t4 ,jesus may h ent]ta9$ at fir/ a purely e?ical view1 look+ = ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god ?r\gh ! spread & p]fection ( ! moral-religi\s society :i* he 0 und]tak+ to e/abli%4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! opposition ( ! _w put ! organic completion ( ! ,k+dom 9 d\bt1 ! es*atological pg #jhf conception =c$ itself ^u him4 ,by ! c\rse ( ev5ts he 0 br\ght to ! pass :]e ! fulfilm5t ( ! religi\s-e?ical ideal1 :i* hi!rto he _h reg>d$ z ! t]m9us ( a cont9u\s moral developm5t1 c\ld be expect$ only z ! result ( a cosmic cata/rophe 9 :i* ,god's omnipot5ce %\ld br+ to its conclusion ! "w :i* he _h und]tak54 ,?us a complete revolution is suppos$ to h occurr$ 9 ,jesus' ?\ght4 ,b ! problem is veil$ r ?an solv$ by dispos+ ! t]ms ( ! contra/ 9 *ronological sequ5ce4 ,! acceptance ( ! es*atological notion1 if x is to be r5d]$ intelligible 9 ?is fa%ion1 signifies no?+ less ?an a total brea* ) ! pa/1 a break at :i* all developm5t ceases4 ,= ! es*atological ?\ght1 if x be tak5 s]i\sly1 abrogates ! e?ical tra9 ( ?\ght4 ,x accepts no subord9ate place4 ,to su* a position ( impot5ce x 0 br\ght = ! fir/ "t 9 ,*ri/ian !ology z ! result ( hi/orical exp]i5ce4 ,jesus1 h[ev]1 mu/ h ?\ght ei!r es*atologically or unes*atologically1 b n bo? toge!r--nor 9 su* a wise t ! es*atological 0 sup]add$ to supplem5t ! unes*atological4 pg #jhg ,x has be5 prov$ t 9 ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion x is only ! es*atological idea ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god :i* is 9 view4 ,x has be5 %[n likewise t ! assumption ( a p]iod ( ill success aft] ! mission ( ! ,twelve is )\t hi/orical ju/ification4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 con/itutes ! indisp5sable presumption = e su* developm5t z has be5 assum$ on ! "p ( ,jesus4 ,!re=e ! es*atological notion _c h be5 =c$ ^u ,jesus by outw>d exp]i5ces1 b x mu/ f ! beg9n+1 ev5 9 ! fir/ ,galilean p]iod1 h la9 at ! base ( 8 prea*+6 #b4 ,! ,es*atological ,"* ( ! ,*>ge to ! ,twelve4 8,! ,k+dom ( ,god is at h&0 7,mt #aj3g7--?is ^w :i* ,jesus commissions 8 ,disciples to proclaim is a summ>y expression ( all 8 previ\s prea*+4 ,!y are to c>ry x n[ ?r\gh\t ! cities ( ,israel4 ,! *>ge ( ,jesus to ! ,twelve furni%es no means ( det]m9+ 9 :at s5se ?is proclamation is meant4 ,if ! common conception is "r ab\t ! significance ( ?is mission ( ! ,twelve1 ! words ) :i* he dismisses !m pres5t an extraord9>y riddle4 ,full ( hope pg #jhh & ) ! joy ( productive ef=t he goes ab\t to ext5d ! scope ( 8 activity = ! f\nd+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,! commission to ! ,twelve ought !re=e to conta9 in/ruction ab\t ! mission>y propag&a !y 7 to c>ry out 9 ?is s5se4 ,"o mu/ h5ce expect t he w\ld direct !m h[ !y %\ld prea* ab\t ! new relation to ,god & ! new morality ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! commission1 h[ev]1 is any?+ b a summ>y ( ! 8tea*+ ( ,jesus40 ,x does n 9 ! lea/ contemplate in/ruction ( a ?or\ghgo+ k9d1 r :at is 9 "q is a fly+ proclamation ?r\gh\t ,israel4 ,! "o err& ( ! ,apo/les z tea*]s is to cry out ev]y:]e ! w>n+ ( ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god--to ! int5t t all may be w>n$ & giv5 opportunity to rep5t4 ,9 ?is1 h[ev]1 no "t is to be lo/2 !re=e !y are n to l+] 9 a t[n :]e m5 are unsusceptible to _! message1 b to ha/5 on 9 ord] t !y may pass ?r\gh all ! cities ( ,israel be=e ! appe>+ ( ! ,son ( ,man takes place4 ,b 8! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man0 signifies--! dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god ) p[]4 ,:5 !y p]secute y 9 ?is city flee pg #jhi unto ano!r1 = v]ily ,i say unto y1 ,ye %all n h gone ?r\gh ! cities ( ,israel till ! ,son ( ,man be come 7,mt #aj3bc74 ,if "o s und]/&s ! commission to ! ,twelve z to suppose t ,jesus w\ld say ?r\gh 8 ,disciples t ! "t is n[ come = ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom by a new moral behavi\r1 t es*atological say+ lies l an erratic b\ld] 9 ! mid/ ( a fl[]y mead[4 ,if1 h[ev]1 "o conceives ( ! embassage es*atologically1 ! say+ acquires a great context3 x is a rock 9 ! mid/ ( a wild m\nta9 l&scape4 ,"o _c affirm ( ?is say+ t x has be5 int]polat$ "h by a lat] age2 r ) compell+ =ce x fixes ! pres5ce ( es*atological conceptions 9 ! days ( ! mission ( ! ,twelve4 ,! "o & only article ( in/ruction t is requir$ is ! call to rep5tance4 ,:osoev] believes 9 ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom1 rep5ts4 ,h5ce ,jesus gives ! ,disciples au?ority ov] unclean spirits1 to ca/ !m out & to heal ! sick 7,mt #aj3a74 ,by ^! signs !y are to p]ceive t ! p[] ( ungodl9ess is com+ to an end & ! morn+-gl[ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god already dawns4 ,t belongs to _! err& z tea*]s1 = :osoev] fails to believe _! pg #jij signs1 & !reupon br+s =? no works ( rep5tance unto ! ,k+dom ( ,god1--t man is damn$4 ,?us h ,choraz91 ,be?saida1 & ,cap]naum come into condemnation4 ,fai? & rep5tance 7 made easy = !m by ! signs & wond]s ) :i* !y 7 fav\r$ beyond o!rs--& yet !y did n come to !mselves1 z ev5 pagan cities l ,tyre & ,sidon w\ld h done 7,mt #aa3bj-bd74 ,?is say+ address$ to ! p %[s :at significance ,jesus ascrib$ to ! signs 9 view ( ! es*atological embassage4 ,?us ! ,disciples 7 to prea* ! ,k+dom1 ,rep5tance1 & ! ,judgm5t4 ,inasmu*1 h[ev]1 z ! ev5t !y proclaim$ 0 s ne> t x might at any mom5t surprise !m1 !y mu/ be prep>$ = :at prec$es x1 namely1 = ! f9al insurrection ( ! p[] ( ?is _w4 ,h[ !y are to comport !mselves 9 ! face ( ?is em]g5cy s z n to be conf\nd$--"h is ! po9t ^u :i* ,jesus' p>t+ words ( in/ruction be>6 ,9 ! g5]al tumult ( spirits all ties w be dissolv$4 ,faction w divide ev5 ! family 7,mt #aj3cd-cf74 ,:osoev] w\ld be loyal to ! ,k+dom ( ,god mu/ be ready to te> f out 8 he>t ^? :o 7 de>e/ pg #jia to him1 to endure reproa*1 & to be> ! cross 7,mt #aj3cg1 #ch74 ,! secul> au?ority w br+ ^u !m sev]e p]secution 7,mt #aj3ag-ca74 ,m5 w call !m to acc\nt & subject !m to torture 9 ord] to move !m to d5ial ( _! cause4 ,bro!r %all deliv] up bro!r to dea?1 & ! fa!r 8 *ild2 & *ildr5 %all rise up aga9/ p>5ts & cause !m to be put to dea?4 ,only he :o rema9s /eadfa/ 9 ! mid/ ( ?is g5]al tumult1 & confesses ,jesus be=e m51 %all be sav$ 9 ! ,day ( ,judgm5t1 :5 he int]v5es ) ,god 9 _! behalf 7,mt #aj3cb1 #cc74 ,9 ! commission to ! ,twelve ,jesus imp>ts in/ruction ab\t ! woes ( ! approa*+ ,k+dom4 ,9 ! descriptive portions ( x !re may be mu* p]haps t betrays ! col\r+ ( a lat] "t4 ,by ?is concession1 h[ev]1 ! "* ( ! spee* z a :ole is n prejudic$4 ,! "q at issue is n ab\t a c\rse ( conduct :i* !y are to ma9ta9 aft] 8 dea?4 ,= su* in/ruction n a s+le hi/orical ^w c be adduc$4 ,! woes prec$e ! dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!re=e ! victori\s proclamation ( ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom mu/ accommodate itself to ! woes4 ,h5ce ?is juxtaposition ( optimism pg #jib & pessimism :i* ! curr5t int]pretation f9ds s unacc\ntable4 ,x is ! sign manual ( e es*atological ,weltans*auung4 #c4 ,! ,new ,view4 ,! idea ( ,passion is dom9at$ only by ! es*atological conception ( ! ,k+dom4 ,9 ! *>ge to ! ,twelve ! "q is only ab\t ! es*atological--n ab\t ! e?ical-ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom4 ,f ?is x foll[s1 = "o ?+1 t ,jesus' m9i/ry c\nt$ only ^u ! es*atological realisation ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!n1 h[ev]1 x is evid5t t ! relation ( 8 e?ical ?\ghts to ! es*atological view c h suff]$ no alt]ation by reason ( outw>d ev5ts b mu/ h be5 ! same f beg9n+ to end4 ,9 :at relation1 h[ev]1 did 8 e?ics & 8 es*atology /& to ea* o!r8 ,s long z "o />ts ) ! e?ics & seeks to compreh5d ! es*atology z some?+ adv5titi\s1 !re appe>s to be no organic connection betwe5 ! two1 s9ce ! e?ics ( ,jesus1 z we are accu/om$ to conceive x1 is n 9 ! lea/ accommodat$ to ! es*atology b /&s ^u a mu* pg #jic high] level4 ,"o mu/ !re=e take ! opposite c\rse & see if ! e?ical proclamation 9 ess5ce is n condition$ by ! es*atological view ( ! _w4 pg #jid ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,! ,,prea*+ ,,( ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god #a4 ,! ,new ,morality z ,rep5tance4 ,,if ! ?\ght ( ! es*atological realisation ( ! ,k+dom is ! fundam5tal factor 9 ,jesus' prea*+1 8 :ole !ory ( e?ics mu/ come "u ! conception ( rep5tance z a prep>ation = ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,?is conception seems to u too n>r[ a "o to apply to ! :ole ext5t ( ?is moral-religi\s proclamation4 ,?is is due to ! fact t ! ^w rep5tance z we use x has r a negative significance1 lay+ emphasis z x does *iefly ^u =ego+ guilt4 ,x is a f> ri*] conception1 h[ev]1 :i* ! ,synopti/s express by ! ^w rep5tance 774 ,x is n m]ely a recov]y :i* /&s 9 retrospective relation ) a s9ful condition 9 ! pa/1 b also--& ?is is its pr$om9ant "*--x is a moral r5ewal 9 prospect ( ! accompli%m5t ( univ]sal p]fection 9 ! future4 ,?us 8! rep5tance 9 expectation ( ! ,k+dom0 comprises all positive e?ical requirem5ts4 pg #jie ,9 ?is s5se x is ! lively e*o ( ! 8rep5tance0 ( ! e>ly prophets4 ,= :at ,amos1 ,hosea1 ,isaiah1 & ,j]emiah mean by rep5tance is moral r5ovation 9 prospect ( ! ,day ( ! ,"l4 ,?us ,isaiah says3 8,wa% y1 make y clean2 put away ! evil ( y\r do+s f be=e m9e eyes2 seek judgm5t1 relieve ! oppress$1 judge ! fa!rless1 plead = ! wid[0 7,isai4 #a3af1 #ag74 ,x is precisely ?is ,old ,te/am5t conception ( rep5tance1 ) its emphasis ^u ! new moral life1 :i* "o mu/ h 9 m9d 9 ord] to und]/& aright ! ,synoptical rep5tance4 ,bo? h a =w>d vision1 bo? are dom9at$ by ! ?\ght ( a condition ( p]fection :i* ,god w br+ to pass ?r\gh ! ,judgm5t4 ,?is1 9 ! ,prophetic view1 is ! ,day ( ! ,"l2 9 ! ,synoptic x is ! dawn ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! e?ics ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt is !re=e rep5tance4 ,! new morality1 :i* detects ! _s b5ea? ! lett] ( ! ,law1 makes "o meet = ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,only ! righte\s c ent] into ! ,k+dom ( ,god--9 t conviction all 7 agre$4 ,:osoev]1 !re=e1 prea*$ ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom mu/ also tea* ! righte\sness p]ta9+ to ! ,k+dom4 pg #jif ,h5ce ,jesus proclaim$ ! new righte\sness :i* is high] ?an ! ,law & ! ,prophets1--= !y ext5d only up to ! ,bapti/4 ,s9ce ! days ( ! ,bapti/1 h[ev]1 "o /&s imm$iately )9 ! pre-messianic p]iod4 ,! ,day ( ,judgm5t puts ?is moral trans=mation to ! pro(3 only he :o has done ! w ( ! heav5ly ,fa!r c ent] into ! ,k+dom 7,mt #g3ba74 ,! claim t "o is a foll[] ( ,jesus1 or has ev5 wr\ght signs & wond]s 9 8 "n1 is ( no avail z a sub/itute = ?is new righte\sness 7,mt #g3bb1 #bc74 ,h5ce ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt concludes ) ! admonition to build1 9 expectation ( ! mom5t\s ev5t1 a firmly f\nd$ /ructure capable ( resi/+ /orm & tempe/ 7,mt #g3bd-bg74 ,! ,beatitudes 7,mt #e3c-ab7 come "u ! same po9t ( view4 ,!y def9e ! moral disposition :i* ju/ifies admission into ! ,k+dom4 ,?is is ! explanation ( ! use ( ! pres5t & ! future t5se 9 ! same s5t5ce4 ,bless$ are ! meek1 ^? t hung] & ?ir/ aft] righte\sness1 ! m]ciful1 ! pure 9 he>t1 ! peacemak]s1 ! poor 9 _s1 ^? t endure p]secution = righte\sness' sake1 because su* "* & conduct is _! security pg #jig t ) ! appe>+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god !y w be f\nd to belong to x4 ,a s]ies ( p>ables illu/rates ! same ?\ght4 ,?us ! p>ables ( ! treasure 9 ! field & ( ! pe>l ( great price 7,mt #ac3dd-df7 %[ h[ "o mu/ /ake all ^u ! hope ( ! ,k+dom :5 ! prospect ( x is held out to him1 & mu/ sacrifice all o!r goods = ! sake ( acquir+ ?is highe/ good t is propos$ to him4 ,?us already 9 ! e?ics ( ! ,galilean p]iod we f9d ! 8n[ & !n0 :i* acc\nts = ! e/imate put ^u s]v+ 7,mk #aj3de74 ,z rep5tance unto ! ,k+dom ( ,god ! e?ics also ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt is int]im-e?ics4 ,9 ?is we p]ceive t ! moral in/ruction ( ,jesus rema9$ ! same f ! fir/ day ( 8 public appe>ance unto 8 late/ utt]ances1 = ! l[l9ess & s]viceabl5ess :i* he recomm5d$ to 8 ,disciples on ! way to ,j]usalem correspond exactly to ! new moral conduct :i* he develop$ 9 ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt3 !y make "o meet = ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,only1 !y con/itute a climax 9 ! atta9m5t ( ! new righte\sness1 inasmu* z !y r5d] "o meet n m]ely = entrance into ! ,k+dom b = be>+ rule 9 x4 pg #jih ,we enc\nt] aga9 ! ,leitmotiv ( ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt 9 ! epilogue to ! great p>ables utt]$ 9 ,j]usalem4 ,no?+ b ! ma9t5ance ( ! new morality 9 all relations ( life gu>antees entrance into ! ,k+dom4 ,h5ce ,jesus c say to ! ,ph>isee :o agrees to ! summ>y ( ?is new morality z x is express$ 9 ! comm&m5t ( love3 ,?\ art n f> f ! ,k+dom ( ,god 7,mk #ab3cd74 ,t does n mean t ! ,ph>isee by su* a disposition ( m9d has already well nigh ris5 to ! height ( ! 8morality ( ! ,k+dom40 ,= if ! d\ble comm&m5t ( love con/itut$ ! morality ( ! ,k+dom1 ,jesus mu/ h said to him 7s9ce he entirely agre$ to ^! comm&m5ts73 ,?\ belonge/ to ! ,k+dom4 ,! 8n f>0 mu/ 9 fact be und]/ood 9 a purely *ronological s5se1 n z d5ot+ "s small measure ( p]fection :i* ! man /ill lacks4 ,he is n f> f ! ,k+dom ( ,god because he possesses ! moral quality :i* w id5tify him z a memb] ( ! same :5 aft] a %ort space x appe>s4 ,! 8n f>0 conta9s !re=e ! same mixture ( pres5t & future t5se :i* we h rem>k$ 9 ! ,beatitudes4 ,reason+ f our e?ical po9t ( view pg #jii we are incl9$ to apply ! conception ( rew>d to ?is relation betwe5 memb]%ip 9 ! ,k+dom & ! new morality4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 does n completely r5d] ! ?\ght ( ,jesus1 :i* _h to d above all ) ! imm$iat5ess ( ! transition f ! condition ( moral r5ewal into ! sup]-moral p]fection ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,:osoev] at ! dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom is 9 possession ( a "* morally r5ovat$1 he w be f\nd a memb] ( ! same4 ,?is is ! adequate expression = ! relation ( morality to ! com+ ,k+dom ( ,god4 #b4 ,! ,e?ics ( ,jesus & ,mod]n ,e?ics4 ,! dep? ( ,jesus' religi\s e?ics enc\rages u to expect t we c f9d our own mod]n-e?ical consci\sness reflect$ 9 x4 ,) respect to its et]nal inw>d tru? x is inde$ indep5d5t ( hi/ory & uncondition$ by x1 s9ce x already conta9s ! highe/ e?ical ?\ghts ( all times4 ,nev]!less !re exi/s a great diff]5ce betwe5 ,jesus' s5tim5t & ours4 ,mod]n e?ics is 8unconditional10 s9ce x creates ( itself ! new e?ical situation1--! presumption be+ t ?is situation w evolve unto f9al p]fection4 ,e?ics is "h an end 9 itself1 pg #ajj inasmu* z ! moral p]fection ( mank9d comes to ! same ?+ z ! p]fection ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,t is ,kant's ?\ght4 ,?is self-suffici5cy ( e?ics 7:i* h[ev]1 exacts a c]ta9 resignation 9 view ( ! di/ant consummation7 %[s t ! mod]n-,*ri/ian !ory is p]meat$ by ,hell5i/ic-rationali/ic ideas & has und]gone a developm5t ( two mill5niums4 ,! e?ics ( ,jesus on ! o!r h& is 8conditional10 9 ! s5se t x /&s 9 indissoluble connection ) ! expectation ( a /ate ( p]fection :i* is to be sup]naturally br\ght ab\t4 ,!reby its ,jewi% orig9 is reveal$1 & its imm$iate connection ) ! ,prophetic e?ics1 9 :i* ! moral conduct ( ! p 0 condition$ by a def9ite expectation4 ,h5ce1 if any p>allel at all may be adduc$ 9 explanation ( ! e?ics ( ,jesus1 x c be only ! ,prophetic1 nev] ! mod]n4 ,= 9 proportion z ! latt] ent]s into x ! mode ( conception becomes unhi/orical1 ,jesus' e?ics be+ treat$ z self-suffici5t1 :]eas 9 fact x is ori5t$ entirely by ! expect$ sup]natural consummation4 ,s !re has be5 creat$ ! insoluble pg #aja problem1 t a p]son ?or\ghly mod]n s f> z 8 e?ics is conc]n$ %\ld incid5tally give utt]ance to es*atological expressions4 ,b if we once p]ceive ! conditional "* ( ,jesus' e?ics1 & s]i\sly consid] its connection ) ! e?ics ( ! ,prophets1 x is imm$iately cle> t all conceptions ( ! ,k+dom z a gr[? out ( small beg9n+s1 all notions ab\t an e?ics ( ! ,k+dom1 or ab\t ! developm5t ( x1 h be5 foi/$ ^u ,jesus by our mod]n consci\sness--simply because we c\ld n readily famili>ise ourselves ) ! ?\ght t ! e?ics ( ,jesus is conditional4 ,we make him conceive ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god z if its hi/orical realisation repres5t$ a n>r[ op5+ ?r\gh :i* x _h to squeeze be=e atta9+ ! full /ature :i* belongs to x4 ,t is a mod]n conception4 ,= ,jesus & ! ,prophets1 h[ev]1 x 0 a ?+ impossible4 ,9 ! imm$iat5ess ( _! e?ical view !re is no place = a morality ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god or = a developm5t ( ! ,k+dom--x lies beyond ! bord]s ( good & evil2 x w be br\ght ab\t by a cosmic cata/rophe ?r\gh :i* evil is to be completely pg #ajb ov]come4 ,h5ce all moral crit]ia are to be aboli%$4 ,! ,k+dom ( ,god is sup]-moral4 ,to ?is height ( hyp]-e?ical idealism ! mod]n consci\sness is no long] capable ( so>+4 ,hi/ory has ag$ u too mu* = t4 ,b = ! hi/orical und]/&+ ( ! e?ics ( ,jesus x is ! indisp5sable assumption4 ,9 addition to ?is1 :5 we ?9k ( ! ,k+dom1 our ?\ght /ret*es =w>d to ! com+ g5]ations :i* are to realise x 9 ev] increas+ measure4 ,jesus' glance is direct$ backw>d4 ,= him ! ,k+dom is compos$ ( ! g5]ations :i* h already gone d[n to ! grave & :i* are n[ to be awak5$ unto a /ate ( p]fection4 ,h[ %\ld !re be = him any e?ics ( sexual relations1 :5 he expla9s to ! ,sadducees t 9 ! ,k+dom ( ,god aft] ! great ,resurrection !re w be no long] any sexual relations at all1 8b !y w be l ! angels ( heav50 7,mk #ab3be78 ,e e?ical =m ( ,jesus1 be x nev] s p]fect1 leads !re=e only up to ! fronti] ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 :ile e trace ( a pa? disappe>s s soon z "o advances ^u ! new t]ritory4 ,!re "o ne$s x no m4 pg #ajc ,we h a prejudice aga9/ ?is conception ( conditional e?ics4 ,x is an unju/ifi$ prejudice if x is due to a suspicion t ,jesus' e?ics is !reby disp>ag$4 ,exactly ! opposite is ! case4 ,= ?is conditionality spr+s f an absolute e?ical idealism1 :i* po/ulates = ! expect$ /ate ( p]fection conditions ( exi/5ce :i* are !mselves e?ical4 ,9 our unconditional & self-suffic+ e?ics we1 h[ev]1 assume t ! conflict betwe5 good & evil mu/ g on =ev]1 z belong+ con/antly to ! nature ( ! e?ical4 ,e?ics & !ology d n /& = u 9 ! same lively relation%ip z !y d ) ,jesus4 ,! vividness ( ! col\rs ( ! absolute e?ical idealism has be5 fad$ by hi/ory4 ,s1 to r5d] ! e?ics ( ,jesus unconditional & self-suffic+ is n only unhi/orical1 b x means also ! degradation ( 8 e?ical idealism4 ,on "o po9t1 h[ev]1 our e?ical s5tim5t is ju/ifi$ 9 its prejudice4 ,if e?ics has to d only ) ! expectation ( ! sup]natural consummation1 its actual wor? is dim9i%$1 s9ce x is m]ely individual e?ics & is conc]n$ only ) ! relation ( ea* s+le p]son to ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,! ?\ght1 h[ev]1 t ! moral community pg #ajd :i* has be5 con/itut$ by ,jesus' prea*+ mu/ z su* be 9 "s way ! effective fir/ /age 9 ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god--?is ?\ght belongs n alone to our e?ical s5tim5t1 b x animat$ also ! prea*+ ( ,jesus1 = he wr\ght out 9 /rong relief ! social "* ( 8 e?ics4 ,?is expla9s ! reluctance "o feels to admit t ! es*atological idea ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god lay at ! basis ( ,jesus' prea*+ f beg9n+ to end1 s9ce !n "o _c expla9 h[ ! new moral community :i* he =m$ ab\t himself 0 9 8 ?\ght organically connect$ ) ! ,k+dom :i* 0 sup]naturally to appe>4 ,"o glides "h un9t5tionally into a mod]n l9e ( ?\ght4 ,! idea ( developm5t furni%es :at we want1 all[+ u to conceive ( ! moral community z an initial /age :i* by con/ant gr[?1 ext5sive & int5sive1 is ev] approa*+ ! f9al /age4 ,! gradually wid5+ circle repres5ts1 h[ev]1 a mod]n way ( view+ hi/ory4 ,x is completely =eign to ,jesus4 ,yet ev5 ?\gh he _c h made use ( ?is explanation ( ours1 ! fact t ?is new community /&s 9 an organic relation ) ! f9al /age 0 = him z pg #aje c]ta9 z = u4 ,b because he expect$ ?is f9al /age z a purely sup]natural ev5t ! connection 0 n to be appreh5d$ by human reflection1 r x 0 a div9e secret1 :i* he illum9at$ only by po9t+ to analogies 9 ! processes ( nature4 pg #ajf ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god #a4 ,! ,p>ables ( ! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,,we h to d "h ) ! 8secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god0 7,mk #d3aa71 :i* is dealt ) 9 ! p>ables ( ! s[]1 ( ! self-gr[+ se$1 ( ! gra9 ( mu/>d1 & ( ! leav54 ,we commonly f9d 9 ^! p>ables ! illu/ration ( a con/ant & gradually unfold+ ?r\gh :i* ! petty initial /age ( a developm5t is connect$ ) ! glori\s f9al /age4 ,! se$ t is s[n already conta9s ! h>ve/1 inasmu* z ea* se$ is devis$ = ! production ( plant & fruit4 ,!y develop f ! se$ by natural law4 ,s x is likewise ) ! developm5t ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god f small & obscure beg9n+s4 ,?is attractive int]pretation ( ! p>ables takes f !m1 h[ev]1 ! "* ( secrets1 = ! illu/ration ( a /eady unfold+ ?r\gh ! processes ( nature is no secret4 ,h5ce x is t we fail to und]/& :at ! secret is 9 ^! p>ables4 pg #ajg ,we int]pret !m accord+ to our sci5tific k ( nature :i* enables u to unite ev5 su* diff]5t /ages z ^! by ! conception ( developm5t4 ,by reason ( ! imm$iat5ess ) :i* ! uns*ool$ _s ( old5 "t obs]v$ ! _w1 nature _h1 h[ev]1 /ill secrets to (f]1--9 ! fact1 namely1 t %e produc$ two utt]ly di/9ct conditions 9 a sequ5ce1 ! connection ( :i* 0 j z c]ta9 z x 0 inexplicable4 ,?is imm$iat5ess is ! note ( ,jesus' p>ables4 ,! conception ( developm5t 9 nature :i* is contemplat$ 9 ! mod]n explanation is n at all br\ght into prom95ce1 b ! exposition is r devis$ to place ! two conditions s imm$iately side by side t "o is compell$ to raise ! "q1 ,h[ c ! f9al /age proce$ f ! initial /age8 #a4 ,a man s[$ se$4 ,a great "p ( ! se$ 0 lo/ on acc\nt ( circum/ances ! mo/ div]se--& yet ! produce ( ! corn :i* fell ^u good gr\nd 0 s great t x re/or$ ! se$ s[n ?irty1 sixty1 ev5 an hundr$ fold4 ,! detail$ int]pretation ( ! description ( ?is loss1 & ! application to p>ticul> classes ( m51 z x lies be=e u 9 pg #ajh ,mk #d3ac-bj1 is ! product ( a lat] view :i* p]ceiv$ no long] any secret 9 ! p>able4 ,orig9ally1 h[ev]1 ! s+le po9ts ( ! description 7 n indep5d5t1 b ! se$ :i* 0 lo/ ^u ! pa?1 or ^u ! /ony gr\nd1 or among ! ?orns1 toge!r ) t :i* ! f[ls ( heav5 dev\r$1 con/itut$ altoge!r a unifi$ contra/ to t :i* fell ^u good gr\nd4 ,! mann] 9 :i* x 0 de/roy$ has no importance = ! p>able4 ,9 spite ( ! description s wond]fully wr\ght out1 ?is say+ ( ,jesus expresses "o s+le ?\ght3 ,s small1 consid]+ all t 0 lo/1 0 ! s[+2 & yet ! h>ve/ s great6--,!re9 lies ! secret4 #b4 ,a man scatt]$ se$ ^u ! gr\nd4 ,he slept1 w5t ab\t 8 affairs1 & conc]n$ himself no fur!r ab\t ! se$4 ,be=e he realis$ x ! h>ve/ /ood already 9 ! field1 & he c\ld s5d 8 s]vants to ga!r x 94 ,h[ did x come to pass t aft] ! se$ 0 sunk 9 ! e>? ! gr\nd ( itself br\ght =? ! blade1 ! e>1 & ! full corn8--,t is ! secret4 #c4 ,a gra9 ( mu/>d se$ 0 s[n2 f x spr\t$ a great %rub1 ) pg #aji bran*es "u :i* ! birds ( ! heav5 c\ld lodge4 ,h[ did x come to pass1 s9ce ! mu/>d se$ is s small8--,t is ! secret4 #d4 ,a woman add$ a little leav5 to a great mass ( d\gh4 ,aft]w>ds ! :ole lump 0 8leav540 ,h[ c a little leav5 leav5 a :ole great lump8--,t is ! secret4 ,^! p>ables are n at all devis$ to be int]pret$ & und]/ood2 r !y are calculat$ to make ! he>]s obs]vant ( ! fact t 9 ! affairs ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god a secret is prep>+ l t :i* !y exp]i5ce 9 nature4 ,!y are signals4 ,z ! h>ve/ foll[s ^u ! se$-s[+1 )\t x be+ possible = any "o to say h[ x comes ab\t2 s1 z ! sequel to ,jesus' prea*+1 w ! ,k+dom ( ,god come ) p[]4 ,small z is ! circle :i* he ga!rs ab\t himself 9 comp>ison ) ! greatness ( ,god's ,k+dom1 x is none ! less c]ta9 t ! ,k+dom w come z a consequ5ce ( ?is moral r5ewal1 re/rict$ z x is 9 scope4 ,x is no less confid5tly to be expect$ ?an t ! se$1 :i* :ile he speaks is slumb]+ 9 ! gr\nd1 w br+ =? a glori\s h>ve/4 ,wat* n only = ! h>ve/1 b wat* = ! ,k+dom ( ,god6--s speaks pg #aaj ! spiritual s[] to ! ,galileans at ! season ( ! se$-s[+4 ,!y ought to h ! pres5tim5t t ! moral r5ewal 9 consequ5ce ( 8 prea*+ /&s 9 a necess>y b inexplicable connection ) ! dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,! same ,god :o ?r\gh 8 my/]i\s p[] 9 nature br+s ! h>ve/ to pass w also br+ to pass ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,!re=e1 :5 x 0 ! season ( ! h>ve/1 he s5t 8 ,disciples =? to proclaim3 ,! ,k+dom ( ,god is at h&4 #b4 ,! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god 9 ! ,address to ! ,p aft] ! ,mission ( ! ,twelve4 ,jesus 0 alone4 ,! ,disciples c>ri$ ! news ( ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom ?r\gh\t ! cities ( ,israel4 ,:ile ! p ?rong$ him !re came ! emiss>ies ( ! ,bapti/ ) _! "q4 ,he dismiss$ !m ) ! answ]3 ! ,k+dom /&s be=e ! door1 "o ne$s only ! language ( ! signs & wond]s 9 ord] to und]/&4 ,turn+ to ! p he speaks ( ! significance ( ! ,bapti/ & ( 8 (fice4 ,) ?is he lets drop a h9t ( my/]y 7,mt #aa3ad1 8,if y are able pg #aaa to conceive x10 ,mt #aa3ae1 8he ha? e>s to he>1 let him he>074 ,john is ,elijah1 i4 e4 ! p]sonality ^: adv5t m>ks ! imm$iate dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom4 8,f ! days ( ,john ! ,bapti/ until ?is mom5t ! ,k+dom ( ,heav5 suff]e? viol5ce1 & m5 ( viol5ce take x by =ce4 ,= all ! ,prophets & ! ,law prophesi$ until ,john2 &1 if ye are able to conceive x1 ?is is ,elijah1 :i* is to come4 ,he t ha? e>s to he>1 let him he>0 7,mt #aa3ab-ae74 ,?is say+ resi/s all exegesis1 = x does n 9 ! lea/ conta9 ! ?\ght t ! individuals ga9 access to ! ,k+dom by =ce4 ,:at might t mean anyway8 ,9 :at s5se does t come to pass f ! days ( ! ,bapti/ on8 ,! picture :i* ,jesus employs is un9telligible if x has to d ) ! entrance ( individuals into ! ,k+dom4 ,x rema9s j z incompreh5sible1 h[ev]1 if x is suppos$ to ref] to ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom ?r\gh gradual developm5t4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! image ( an act ( viol5ce contradicts ! notion ( developm5t2 9 ! second place1 ! beg9n+ ( ?is compell+ =ce mu/ be dat$ n f ,john b f ,jesus4 ,x is a "q ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1--h5ce ! h9t3 ,he t ha? pg #aab e>s to he>1 let him he>4 ,?is phrase occurs only 9 connection ) ! p>ables ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom & z ! conclusion ( apocalyptic say+s 7cf4 ! use ( ! expression 9 ! ,apocalypse3 #b3g1 #aa1 #ag1 #bi1 #c3f1 #ac1 #bb74 ,rep5tance & moral r5ewal 9 prospect ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god are l a pressure :i* is ex]t$ 9 ord] to compel its appe>ance4 ,?is movem5t _h begun ) ! days ( ! ,bapti/4 ,! m5 ( viol5ce :o take x by =ce are !y :i* put into practice ! moral r5ewal4 ,!y draw x ) p[] d[n to ! e>?4 ,! say+ 9 ! spee* ab\t ! ,bapti/ & ! p>ables ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god mutually expla9 & supplem5t "o ano!r4 ,! p>ables br+ *iefly into prom95ce ! incomm5surat5ess ( ! relation betwe5 ! moral r5ewal t is practis$ & ! consummation ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 :ile ! image 9 ! spee* aft] ! ,mission dwells m ^u ! compell+ connection betwe5 ! two4 #c4 ,! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god 9 ! ,light ( ! ,prophetic & ,jewi% ,expectation4 ,jesus' e?ics is closely connect$ ) t ( ! ,old ,te/am5t prophets1 inasmu* z pg #aac bo? are alike condition$ by ! expectation ( a /ate ( p]fection :i* ,god is to br+ ab\t4 ,b also ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 accord+ to :i* ! moral r5ewal ha/5s ! sup]natural com+ ( ! ,k+dom1 corresponds ) ! fundam5tal ?\ght ( ! ,prophets4 ,9 ! case ( ! ,prophets1 ! relation betwe5 ! moral re=m :i* !y w\ld br+ ab\t & ! glori\s condition :i* ,god w br+ to pass at ! ,day ( ,judgm5t is n t ( a m]e temporal sequ5ce1 b x re/s ^u a sup]natural causal connection4 ,godless behavi\r br+s ne>] ! ,day ( ,judgm5t & ( condemnation4 ,!re=e1 ,god *a/ises ! p & gives !m into ! h& ( _! oppressors4 ,:51 h[ev]1 !y det]m9e to re=m _! ways1 :5 !y seek refuge 9 him alone ) tru/+ fai?1 :5 righte\sness & tru? prevail among !m1 !n w ! ,"l deliv] !m f _! oppressors1 & 8 glory w be manife/ ov] ,israel1 to :om ! hea!n w d s]vice4 ,9 t day !re w !n be peace p\r$ out ov] ! :ole _w1 ov] nature z well z man4 ,aft] ! ,exile ?is ?\ght 0 /ill op]ative 9 ! conception ( ! ,law4 ,by ! obs]vance ( ! ,law ! promis$ glori\s pg #aad e/ate w be wrung f ,god4 ,n ! individual b ! collectivity influ5ces ,god ?r\gh ! ,law4 ,?is g5]ic mode ( ?\ght is ! prim>y1 ! individual mode is second>y4 8,israel w\ld be r$eem$ if only x obs]v$ two ,sabba?s fai?fully40 7,s*abba? #aah;b4 ,wns*e1 ,sy/em d] altsynagogal5 ,pal/95sis*5 ,!ologie1 #ahhj1 p4 #bii74 ,"h we meet ) ! e>ly prophetic ?\ght 9 legali/ic =m4 ,9 g5]al1 h[ev]1 x 0 ! individuali/ic view :i* prevail$ lat]4 ,! ,law1 & moral conduct 9 g5]al1 7 only ! prep>ation = ! expect$ e/ate ( glory4 ,! lively g5]ic view ( ! ,prophets 0 replac$ by individuali/ic & lifeless conception4 ,es*atology became a problem ( acc\nt+ & e?ics became casui/ry4 ,jesus1 h[ev]1 rea*$ back aft] ! fundam5tal conception ( ! prophetic p]iod1 & x is only ! =m 9 :i* he conceives ( ! em]g5ce ( ! f9al ev5t :i* be>s ! /amp ( lat] ,judaism4 ,he no long] conceives ( x z an int]v5tion ( ,god 9 ! hi/ory ( ! nations1 z did ! ,prophets2 b r z a f9al cosmical cata/rophe4 ,8 es*atology is ! apocalyptic pg #aae ( ! book ( ,daniel1 s9ce ! ,k+dom is to be br\ght ab\t by ! ,son ( ,man :5 he appe>s ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 7,mk #h3ch- #i3a74 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god is !re=e ! syn!sis effect$ by a sov]eign _s betwe5 ! e>ly prophetic e?ics & ! apocalyptic ( ! book ( ,daniel4 ,h5ce x is t ,jesus' es*atology 0 root$ 9 8 age & yet /&s s high above x4 ,= 8 contempor>ies x 0 a "q ( wait+ = ! ,k+dom1 ( excogitat+ & depict+ e incid5t ( ! great cata/rophe1 & ( prep>+ = ! same2 :ile = ,jesus x 0 a "q ( br++ to pass ! expect$ ev5t ?r\gh ! moral r5ovation4 ,es*atological e?ics is trans=m$ into e?ical es*atology4 #d4 ,! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & ! ,assumption ( a ,=tunate ,galilean ,p]iod4 ,accord+ to ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom is n dep5d5t ^u ! broad success ( ,jesus' prea*+4 ,inde$1 he expressly emphasises ! fact t ! limitation ( ! circle :i* p]=ms ! moral r5ovation /&s 9 no pg #aaf relation :atev] to ! all-embrac+ greatness ( ! ,k+dom :i* is to come ab\t by reason ( _! conduct4 ,x suffices t a scanty "p ( ! se$ falls ^u good gr\nd--& ! ov]pl5tiful h>ve/ is !re1 ?r\gh ,god's p[]4 ,n by ! multitude b by ! m5 ( viol5ce is ! ,k+dom compell$ to appe>4 ,h5ce ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god makes ! assumption ( a =tunate ,galilean p]iod entirely sup]flu\s4 ,jesus c enjoy ! expectation ( ! spe$y realisation ( ! ,k+dom ev5 :5 he exp]i5ces ! greate/ ill success & :5 :ole di/ricts close !mselves aga9/ 8 prea*+4 ,!y d n !reby delay ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god b only deliv] !mselves to ! judgm5t1 = ! ,k+dom comes necess>ily by reason ( ! moral r5ewal ( ! circle :i* ga!r$ ab\t ,jesus4 ,! ju/ice ( ?is int]pretation ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god is %[n !re=e1 9 ! fact t x r5d]s unnecess>y1 z an explanation ( ,jesus' life1 an assumption :i* is o!rwise absolutely unavoidable b _c 9 any way be hi/orically confirm$4 pg #aag #e4 ,! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & ! ,univ]salism ( ,jesus4 ,s long z ! moral r5ewal ^u ! basis ( ,jesus' prea*+ is br\ght into relation ) ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom ?r\gh ! mod]n ?\ght ( evolution>y developm5t ! factor correlative to ! p]fection ( ! ,k+dom is likewise mod]n1 t is1 8humanity z a moral :ole40 ,"o attributes !n to ,jesus' reflection ^u ! gr[? ( ! new moral community :i* he f\nd$1 =esight ( its gradual ext5sion till x embraces ! :ole ( ,israel--"h1 h[ev]1 ! ?\ght ( ,jesus /ops2 "o may n attribute to him univ]sali/ic ideas1 = ! commission to ! ,disciples %[s t he did n reflect ab\t a moral r5ewal beyond ! bord]s ( ,israel4 7,mt #aj3e1 #f73 ,g n into any way ( ! ,g5tiles1 & ent] n into any city ( ! ,sam>itans3 b g r to ! lo/ %eep ( ! h\se ( ,israel4 ,! prea*+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god is !re=e p>ticul>i/ic2 ! ,k+dom itself1 h[ev]1 is univ]sali/ic1 8= !y %all come f ! ea/ & f ! we/1 f ! nor? & f ! s\?40 ,! g5]ation :i* requir$ a miracle %all exp]i5ce pg #aah su*3 ,! ,n9evites %all arise at ! ,day ( ,judgm5t & condemn x1 because !y rep5t$ at ! prea*+ ( ,jonah1 8& "h is a great] ?an ,jonah40 ,also ! ,que5 ( ! ,s\? %all rise 9 judgm5t aga9/ ! contempor>ies ( ,jesus1 because %e came f ! ends ( ! e>? to he> ! wisdom ( ,solomon1 8& behold1 a great] ?an ,solomon is "h0 7,mt #ab3da-db74 ,= ! mod]n consci\sness1 because x applies to ev]y?+ ! rubrics ( evolution1 !re is an insup]able contradiction betwe5 ! p>ticul>ism ( ! prea*+ ( ! ,k+dom & ! univ]salism ( its consummation4 ,9 ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 h[ev]1 p>ticul>ism & univ]salism g toge!r4 ,! ,k+dom is univ]sali/ic1 = x arises out ( a cosmic act by :i* ,god awakes unto glory ! righte\s ( all times & ( all peoples4 ,! br++ ab\t ( ! ,k+dom1 on ! o!r h&1 is dep5d5t ^u p>ticul>ism1 = x is to be =c$ to approa* by ! moral r5ewal ( ! contempor>ies ( ,jesus4 ,salvation comes out ( ,israel4 pg #aai #f4 ,! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & ,jesus' ,attitude t[>ds ! ,law & ! ,/ate4 ,jesus did n decl>e himself ei!r = ! ,law or aga9/ x4 ,he recognis$ x simply z an exi/+ fact )\t b9d+ himself to x4 ,he felt no obligation to decide 9 pr9ciple :e!r x 0 to be reg>d$ z b9d+ or z n b9d+4 ,= him ?is 0 a "q ( no practical importance4 ,! real conc]n 0 ! new morality1 n ! ,law4 ,?is ,law 0 = him holy & inviolable 9 s f> z x po9t$ ! way to ! new morality4 ,b !re) x did away ) itself1 = 9 ! ,k+dom :i* comes into be+ on acc\nt ( ! new morality ! ,law is abrogat$1 s9ce ! accompli%$ condition is sup]-legal & sup]-e?ical4 ,up to ?is po9t x _h a "r to la/4 ,:e!r ! ,law %\ld also be b9d+ ^u 8 foll[]s 9 ! future 0 a "q :i* did n exi/ = ,jesus2 x 0 hi/ory :i* fir/ propos$ ?is problem to ! primitive ,*ur*4 ,x 0 ! same ) reg>d to ! ,/ate4 ,! "q :i* 0 put to him 9 ! ,j]usalem days _h = him no practical importance4 ,z he repli$ to ! ,ph>isees' "q1 :e!r "o %\ld give tribute to pg #abj ,cs>1 he _h no ?\ght ( def9+ 8 attitude t[>ds ! ,/ate or det]m9+ t ( 8 foll[]s4 ,h[ c\ld any "o be conc]n$ at all ab\t su* ?+s6 ,! ,/ate 0 simply e>?ly1 !re=e ungodly1 dom99ation dom9ation4 ,its duration ext5d$1 !re=e1 only to ! dawn ( ,god's dom9ion4 ,z ?is 0 ne> at h&1 :at ne$ _h "o to decide if "o w\ld be tribut>y to ! _w-p[] or no8 ,"o might z well submit to x1 its end 0 9 fact ne>4 ,give to ,cs> :at is ,cs>'s & to ,god :at is ,god's 7,mk #ab3ag7--?is ^w is utt]$ ) a sov]eign irony aga9/ ! ,ph>isees1 :o und]/ood s little ! signs ( ! "t t ?is /ill appe>$ to !m a "q ( importance4 ,!y are j z fooli% 9 ! matt] ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god z ! ,sadducees ) _! cat*-"q to :i* husb& ! sev5 times m>ri$ wife %\ld belong at ! resurrection2 = !y1 too1 leave "o ?+ out ( acc\nt--! p[] ( ,god 7,mk #ab3bd74 #g4 ,! ,mod]n ,elem5t 9 ,jesus' ,es*atology4 8,let x be ! maxim 9 e sci5tific inve/igation = "o to pursue undi/urb$ ! due c\rse ( x ) all possible exactitude pg #aba & frankness1 n consid]+ :at x may collide ) outside ( its own field1 b foll[+ x out1 s f> z "o c1 truly & completely = itself alone4 ,frequ5t obs]vation has conv9c$ me t :5 "o has br\ght ?is task to an end1 t :i* 9 ! mid/ ( x appe>$ to me = ! "t be+ v que/ionable ) respect to o!r tea*+ outside1 if only ,i clos$ my eyes to ?is que/ionabl5ess & att5d$ m]ely to my task till x 0 f9i%$1 f9ally 9 unexpect$ wise prov$ to be 9 p]fect agreem5t ) ^? v tea*+s1--?\gh ! tru? _h pres5t$ itself )\t ! lea/ ref]5ce to ^? tea*+s1 )\t p>tiality & prejudice = !m407,footnote4 ,kritik d] praktis*5 ,v]nunft4 ,ed4 ,reclam1 p4 #abi47 ,kant utt]$ ?is pr(\nd ^w at ! mom5t :5 ! correspond5ce ( ! notion ( transc5d5tal fre$om ) ! practical fir/ occurr$ to him4 ,! case is ! same ) ! relation ( ,jesus' e?ics to 8 es*atology4 ,x is a po/ulate ( our ,*ri/ian conviction t ! e?ics ( ,jesus 9 its basic ?\ghts is mod]n4 ,h5ce we come back aga9 & aga9 to ! se>* aft] ! mod]n elem5t 9 8 e?ics1 & = ?is cause we =ce into ! backgr\nd 8 es*atology1 pg #abb s9ce x appe>s to u unmod]n4 ,if1 h[ev]1 "o resolves to ignore = a mom5t ?is int]e/1 :i* is s deeply gr\nd$ 9 our be+ & s well ju/ifi$1 & reg>ds ! relation ( ,jesus' es*atology to 8 e?ics simply = itself1 z a purely hi/orical "q1 ! inve/igation br+s to light ! a/oni%+ result t ! latt] 7i4 e4 ,jesus' e?ics7 is mod]n 9 a f> high] degree ?an any "o hi!rto has d>$ to hope4 ,jesus' e?ics is mod]n1 n because ! es*atology c be r$uc$ someh[ to a m]e accompanim5t1 b precisely because ! e?ics is absolutely dep5d5t ^u ?is es*atology6 ,! fact is1 ?is es*atology itself1 z x is exhibit$ 9 ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 is ?or\ghly mod]n1 inasmu* z x is dom9at$ by ! ?\ght t ! ,k+dom ( ,god is to come by reason ( ! religi\s-moral r5ovation :i* ! believ]s p]=m4 ,e moral-religi\s p]=mance is !re=e lab\r = ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,z ! es*atology 9 ?is e?ical-es*atological ,weltans*auung gradually fad$ 9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory1 !re rema9$ an e?ical ,weltans*auung 9 :i* ! es*atology p]si/$ 9 ! =m ( an imp]i%able fai? 9 ! f9al triumph ( ! good4 ,! pg #abc secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god conta9s ! secret ( ! :ole ,*ri/ian ,weltans*auung4 ,! e?ical es*atology ( ,jesus is ! h]oic =m 9 :i* ! mod]n-,*ri/ian ,weltans*auung fir/ ent]$ into hi/ory6 pg #abd ,,*apt] ,v ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,god ,,9 ,,! ,,?\ght ,,( ,,! ,,passion ,,9 ! la/ p]iod ( 8 life ,jesus aga9 utt]$ p>ables ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god3 ,god's v9ey>d 7,mt #ba3cc-df72 ! royal m>riage 7,mt #bb3a-ad72 ! s]vant wat*+ 7,mt #bd3db-dg72 ! t5 virg9s 7,mt #be3a-ac72 ! tal5ts 7,mt #be3ad-cj74 ,^! p>ables1 9 contra/ to ^? ab\t ! secret ( ! ,k+dom1 conta9 no secret1 b r !y are tea*+ p>ables pure & simple1 f :i* a moral is to be drawn4 ,! ,k+dom ( ,god is ne>4 ,^? only w be f\nd to belong to x :o by _! moral conduct are prep>$ = x4 ,! second p]iod conta9s in/ead ! secret ( ! ,passion4 ,jesus' utt]ances1 z we h se51 po9t to a my/]i\s causal connection betwe5 ! ,passion & ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom1 because ! es*atology & ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion always em]ge side by side1 & ! ,disciples' expectation ( ! future is 9 e case r\s$ to ! pg #abe highe/ pit* by ! proclamation ( 8 suff]+4 ,! secret ( ! ,passion takes up1 !re=e1 ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & c>ries x fur!r4 ,to ! moral r5ewal :i*1 accord+ to ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 ex]cises a compell+ p[] ^u ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom1 !re is adjo9$ ano!r factor--! r$eem+ dea? ( ,jesus4 ,t completes ! p5it5ce ( ^? :o believe 9 ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!re) ,jesus comes to ! aid ( ! m5 ( viol5ce :o are compell+ ! approa* ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! p[] :i* he !reby ex]ts is ! highe/ conceivable--he gives up 8 life4 ,! idea ( ! ,passion is !re=e ! trans=mation ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,h5ce x is no m design$ to be und]/ood ?an are ! p>ables ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom4 ,9 ea* case x is a "q ( a fact :i* c be prob$ no fur!r4 ,! connection betwe5 ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion & ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god gu>antees ! cont9uity ( ,jesus' _w ( ?\ght4 ,all con/ructions :i* h be5 devis$ ) a view to e/abli%+ ?is cont9uity h prov$ insuffici5t to pg #abf accompli% :at 0 expect$ ( !m4 ,! acceptance ( ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion means 9 all cases a complete *ange 9 8 idea ( ! ,k+dom & 9 8 ,weltans*auung4 ,if1 h[ev]1 "o places ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion 9 ! great context ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 ! cont9uity is furni%$ naturally4 ,! ?\ght ( ! sup]natural introduction ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god runs ?r\gh ! :ole ( ,jesus' life3 ! idea ( ! ,passion is m]ely ! fa%ion 9 :i* x is =mulat$ 9 ! second p]iod4 ,h[ comes x t ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god takes ! =m ( ! secret ( ! ,passion8 ,:y mu/ ! atonem5t ( ,jesus be add$ to complete ! moral r5ewal & ! p5it5ce ( ! community :i* believes 9 ! ,k+dom8 ,9 :at s5se has ! r$eem+ dea? ( ,jesus an influ5ce ^u ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom8 pg #abg ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,! ,,"* ,,ascrib$ ,,to ,,jesus ,,on ,,! ,,gr\nd ,,( ,,8 ,,public ,,m9i/ry #a4 ,! ,problem & ! ,facts4 ,,! exp]i5ce at ! ,baptism signifi$ ! inception ( ,jesus' messianic consci\sness4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,cs>ea ,philippi he reveal$ 8 secret to ! ,disciples4 ,x 0 be=e ! ,high ,prie/ t he fir/ op5ly made pr(ession ( 8 messianic (fice4 ,!re=e ! messianic consci\sness und]lay all ! :ile 8 prea*+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,b he does n assume on ! "p ( 8 he>]s any k ( ! position :i* belong$ to him4 ,! fai? :i* he requir$ _h no?+ to d ) 8 p]son1 b x 0 due only to ! message ( ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom4 ,x 0 ! ,f\r? ,evangeli/ :o fir/ pres5t$ ! hi/ory ( ,jesus z if x conc]n$ itself *iefly ) 8 p]sonality4 ,we _c e/imate h[ f> 8 real "* may h %one ?r\gh 8 message1 = su* z _h an awak5$ und]/&+4 ,"o ?+ is c]ta93 up to ! "t ( ! pg #abh mission ( ! ,twelve no "o _h ! fa9te/ idea ( recognis+ 9 him ! ,messiah4 ,at ,cs>ea ,philippi ! ,disciples c\ld only reply t ! p took him = a prophet or = ,elijah ! ,=]unn]1 & !y !mselves knew no bett]1 = ,pet]1 z ,jesus himself said1 did n d]ive 8 k f ! ,ma/]'s m9i/ry 9 "w & ^w1 b ow$ x to a sup]natural revelation4 ,! ,synoptical notices mu/ be judg$ 9 accordance ) ?is fundam5tal fact4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !re is a s]ies ( ,mat!an passages :i* /& at v>iance ) x4 ,mt #i3bg-ca3 ,9 ! ,galilean p>allel to ! heal+ ( ! bl9d man at ,j]i*o x is relat$ t two bl9d m5 pursu$ him ?r\gh ! :ole village ) ! cry1 8,son ( ,david40 ,:at ,jesus means by ! w>n+1 8,see t no man kn[s x10 rema9s inde$ obscure4 ,mt #ab3bc3 ,aft] a miracul\s heal+ ! p :isp] to !mselves :e!r ?is is n ! ,son ( ,david4 ,mt #ad3cc3 ,aft] _! exp]i5ce at sea 9 ! boat ! ,disciples fall d[n be=e him say+1 8,truly ?\ art ! ,son ( ,god40 ,mt #ae3bb3 ,! ,canaaniti% woman addresses him z ! ,son ( ,david1--:]eas pg #abi accord+ to ,m>k %e simply falls at 8 feet & cries = help4 ,all ( ^! passages are peculi> to ,mat!w & belong to a second>y lit]>y /ratum4 ,= ! hi/ory ( ,jesus !y h no importance1 b a great deal = ! hi/ory ( ! hi/ory ( ,jesus4 ,!y %[ u1 t is1 h[ ! lat] "t 0 incl9$ ev5 m & m to depict 8 life 9 h>mony ) ! presumption t he n only knew himself to be ! ,messiah b t o!rs also _h ?is impression ( him4 ,9 ! second place1 x is a "q ( ! spee*es ( ! demoniacs4 ,accord+ to ,mk #c3aa ! unclean spirits1 z (t5 z !y saw him1 ?rew !mselves at 8 feet & address$ him z ! ,son ( ,god 7cf4 also ,mk #a3bd1 ,mk #e3g74 ,x is true1 he rebuk$ ?is cry & comm&$ sil5ce4 ,b if we did n h ! inconte/ably sure in=mation t dur+ ! :ole ( 8 ,galilean m9i/ry ! p knew no m ?an t he 0 a prophet or ,elijah1 we %\ld be =c$ to assume t ^! cries ( ! demoniacs made ! p someh[ aw>e ( 8 true "*4 ,z x is1 h[ev]1 we may disc]n ) precision1 f ! fact t ! demon-cries 7 ignor$1 h[ v f> m5 7 f suspect+ him to be ! ,messiah4 pg #acj ,:o believ$ ! devil & ! wild spee* ( ! possess$8 ,9 ! ?ird place1 x is a "q ( ! expression 8,son ( ,man40 ,if ,jesus us$ x z a self-designation be=e ,cs>ea ,philippi1 t w\ld con/itute 9 ea* case a messianic sugge/ion1 = e "o mu/ ref] ?is expression ( ! book ( ,daniel to ! p]son :o 0 to *>act]ise ! la/ "t4 ,accord+ to ,m>k1 ,jesus twice employ$ ?is expression z a self-designation be=e ,cs>ea ,philippi 7,mk #b3aj & #b3bh71 & x occurs 9 ! same s5se 9 a s]ies ( passages peculi> to ,mat!w 7,mt #h3bj1 #aa3ai1 ,mt #ab3cb1 #dj1 #ac3cg1 #da & #af3ac74 ,9 judg+ ^! passages also "o mu/ proce$ f ! sure gr\nd :i* is furni%$ by ! reply ( ! ,disciples at ,cs>ea ,philippi4 ,ei!r ,jesus _h n us$ ?is expression up to t "t1 9 :i* case ^! ,son ( ,man passages are *ronologically anticipat$1 & con/itute a m]e lit]>y ph5om5a4 ,or else he _h us$ ! expression4 ,!n he mu/ h done s 9 su* a way t no man c\ld suppose t he assum$ = himself ! dignity ( ! ,son ( ,man ( ,daniel4 ,! problem 9 ! second p]iod is /ill h>d]4 ,! ,disciples knew 8 secret1 b !y d>$ reveal x to no "o4 ,b h[ pg #aca ab\t ! p8 ,did !y n[ h a pres5tim5t ( ! messianic dignity ( ,jesus8 ,! problem has to d !re=e ) ?ree facts3 #a4 ,! :ole discussion 9 ! ,j]usalem days turns 9 no wise ^u ! messianic dignity ( ,jesus1 b has to d r ) legal propositions & ) que/ions ( ! day4 ,f> too little weight has be5 atta*$ hi!rto to ! fact t nei!r ! p nor ! scribes took up a position t[>ds him z ! messianic p]sonality4 ,h[ diff]5t ! ,j]usalem days w\ld h be5 if ! "q :i* agitat$ !m 03 ,is he ! ,messiah--is he n8 c he be--c he n8 ,9 reality he is m]ely ! un(ficial au?ority ( ! ,galilean p1 be=e :om ! s*ol>s ( ! capital br+ _! que/ions ( ! s*ool1 :e!r ) a s9c]e m9d1 or ) ! p]fidi\s int5tion ( de/roy+ 8 au?ority4 #b4 ,9 ! second p]iod ,jesus _h ! p ab\t him only = a few days1--f ! cross+ ( ! ,jordan until 8 dea?4 ,dur+ ?is "t he made to !m no disclosure ab\t 8 messiah%ip1 & gave !m also no h9t :i* !y c\ld & mu/ und]/& 9 ?is s5se4 ,! brib$ witnesses "k no?+ ( ! sort to allege4 ,:at is pg #acb rem>kable 9 _! evid5ce--^u :i* too little weight has be5 laid--consi/s precisely 9 ! fact t !y 9 no wise *>ge him ) wi%+ to be ! ,messiah4 ,= !m 8 impi\s pret5tion exhau/s itself 9 a disrespectful ^w ab\t ! ,temple4 ,let "o picture to himself :at ! proc$ure ( ! trial w\ld h be5 if ! hir$ accus]s _h ( !mselves discov]$ messianic h9ts 9 ,jesus' spee*es6 #c4 ,f ?is po9t "o arrives necess>ily at ! conclusion t up to ! la/ mom5t he 0 = ! p 9 ,j]usalem j :at he 0 9 ,galilee1--! great ,prophet or ! ,=]unn]1 b 9 no wise ! ,messiah6 ,!re are two facts1 h[ev]1 :i* d n comport ) ?is4 ,! entrance into ,j]usalem 0--accord+ to ! common appreh5sion--a messianic ovation4 ,!re=e ! p mu/ h _h a pres5tim5t ( ,jesus' dignity4 ,! ,high ,prie/ put to him ! "q1 :e!r he 7 ! ,messiah4 ,!re=e he knew ( ,jesus' claim4 ,we h "h a cle> "q to deal )3 0 ,jesus reg>d$ 9 ! ,j]usalem days z a messianic pret5dant or no8 ,"o %\ld n obscure ?is "q by speak+ ( a m or less cle> 8pres5tm5t0 9 pg #acc ?is matt]4 ,! 8pres5tim5t ( ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus0 is a mod]n inv5tion4 ,! populace w\ld h>dly be sway$ hi!r & yon by a d>k my/]i\s pres5tim5t1 b r x mu/ h be5 a "q ( belief or unbelief4 ,:osoev] held t he 0 ! ,messiah mu/ accompany him ?r\gh fire & dea?--to glory4 ,:osoev] held no su* fai?1 b _h only a pres5tim5t ( su* a pret5tion on 8 "p1 mu/ give ! signal to /one ! blasphem]4 ,!re 0 no ?ird c\rse4 ,! facts 9 g5]al speak 9 fav\r ( ! op9ion t ! p & ! ,ph>isees 9 ! ,j]usalem days ascrib$ to ,jesus no messianic pret5tion1--no m inde$ ?an !y did at an e>li] p]iod4 ,only 9 ?is case ! entrance into ,j]usalem1 und]/ood z a messianic ovation1 rema9s an enigma1 & x is likewise unacc\ntable h[ x occurr$ to ! ,high ,prie/ to "q him ab\t 8 messiah%ip4 ,on ! "o h& ! situation mu/ be und]/ood 9 ! way :i* is commonly assum$4 ,!n "o mu/ r5\nce e hope ( an hi/orical und]/&+ ( ! la/ public p]iod ( ,jesus4 ,x w n d to suppose t at ! beg9n+ ( ?is p]iod 7entrance into ,j]usalem7 & at ! pg #acd end ( x 7"q ( ! ,high ,prie/ at ! trial7 he 0 tak5 = ! ,messiah1 :ile ! ,j]usalem days :i* lay 9 ! int]val knew no?+ ( ?is claim :atev]4 ,or else--! entrance into ,j]usalem & ! "q ( ! ,high ,prie/ h n be5 rightly & hi/orically und]/ood4 ,0 ! ovation (f]$ to ! messianic pret5dant8 ,did ! ,high ,prie/ 9 8 "q give utt]ance to some?+ :i* all knew8 ,did he d$uce ! claim ( messiah%ip f ,jesus' life1 activity1 & spee*8--or did he p]haps le>n ?r\gh betrayal ! inn]mo/ secret ( ,jesus1 :i* s9ce ,cs>ea ,philippi 0 kn[n only to 8 tru/$ intimates8 ,! problem ( ,jesus' messiah%ip 9 all its difficulty may be =mulat$ z foll[s3 ,h[ 0 x possible t ,jesus knew himself z ! ,messiah f ! beg9n+1 & yet to ! v la/ mom5t did n give 9 8 public prea*+ any intimation ( 8 messiah%ip8 ,h[ c\ld x 9 ! long run rema9 hidd5 f ! p t ^! spee*es 7 utt]$ out ( a messianic consci\sness8 ,jesus 0 a ,messiah :o dur+ 8 public m9i/ry w\ld n be "o1 did n ne$ to be1 & might n be1 = ! sake pg #ace ( fulfill+ 8 mission6 ,x is ?us t hi/ory puts ! problem4 #b4 ,jesus ,is ,elijah ?r\gh ,8 ,solid>ity ) ! ,son ( ,man4 ,:at "* c\ld & mu/ ! p ascribe to ,jesus on ! gr\nd ( 8 public m9i/ry8 ,t is ! "q ) :i* we h n[ to d4 ,! ,messiah & ! messianic ,k+dom belong insep>ately toge!r4 ,h5ce if ,jesus _h prea*$ a pres5t messianic ,k+dom1 x w\ld h be5 at ! same "t incumb5t ^u him to indicate ! ,messiah1--he w\ld h _h to beg9 by legitimat+ himself z ! ,messiah be=e ! p4 ,! fact is1 h[ev]1 t he prea*$ a future k+dom4 ,) ?is ! possibility 0 completely exclud$ t any "o c\ld suppose him to be ! ,messiah4 ,if ! ,k+dom 0 future1 s also 0 ! ,messiah4 ,if ,jesus nev]!less _h messianic pret5sions1 ?is ?\ght 0 ?or\ghly remote f ! p1 = 8 prea*+ ( ! ,k+dom exclud$ ev5 ! lea/ conjecture ( ! sort4 ,h5ce ev5 ! cries ( ! demons did n avail to put ! p on ! "r track4 pg #acf ,conjectures ( t sort 7 r5d]$ completely impossible by ! way 9 :i* ,jesus spoke ( ! ,messiah 9 ! ?ird p]son & z a "* ( ! future4 ,he intimat$ to ! ,disciples z he s5t !m ^u _! mission t ! ,son ( ,man w\ld appe> be=e !y _h gone ?r\gh all ! cities ( ,israel 7,mt #aj3bc74 ,9 ,mk #h3ch he gave promise to ! p ( ! spe$y appe>+ ( ! ,son ( ,man = judgm5t & ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god ) p[]4 ,9 ! same way at ,j]usalem he /ill spoke ( ! judgm5t :i* ! ,son ( ,man w hold :5 he appe>s 9 8 glory surr\nd$ by ! angels 7,mt #be3ca74 ,only ! ,disciples aft] ! revelation ( ,cs>ea ,philippi1 & ! ,high ,prie/ aft] ! 8,yes0 ( ,jesus1 c\ld trace a p]sonal relation betwe5 him & ! ,son ( ,man ( ^: com+ he spoke1--= !y knew 8 secret4 ,= 8 o!r he>]s1 h[ev]1 ,jesus ( ,naz>e? & ! individual :o 0 ! subject ( 8 disc\rse1 ! ,son ( ,man1 rema9$ two entirely di/9ct p]sonalities4 ,be=e ! p ,jesus m]ely sugge/$ ! absolute solid>ity betwe5 himself & ! ,son ( ,man :om he proclaim$4 ,x 0 only 9 ?is =m t 8 own gigantic p]sonality obtrud$ 9 8 prea*+ ( pg #acg ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,only he :o "u all conditions confesses him1 ! proclaim] ( ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man1 w be discov]$ z a memb] ( ! ,k+dom at ! ,day ( ,judgm5t4 ,jesus1 9 fact1 w int]v5e be=e ,god & be=e ! ,son ( ,man 9 8 behalf 7,mk #h3ch- #i3a1 ,mt #aj3cb-cc74 ,"o mu/ be ready to give up ! de>e/ ?+s to foll[ him1 = only s c "o %[ "o's self wor?y ( him 7,mt #aj3cg1 #ch74 ,h5ce ,jesus is griev$ :5 ! ri* "y man _c make up 8 m9d to give up 8 ri*es 9 ord] to foll[ him 7,mk #aj3bb71 = n[ he _c appe> = him at ! ,day ( ,judgm5t to insure t he %all be accept$ z a memb] ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,/ill1 9 ! measureless omnipot5ce ( ,god he f9ds reason to hope t ?is ri* man w nev]!less f9d entrance into ! ,k+dom 7,mk #aj3ag-ca74 ,if ?is man1 !re=e1 because ,jesus _c int]v5e 9 8 behalf1 is n sure 8to inh]it et]nal life0 7,mk #aj3ag71 ^?1 on ! o!r h& :o1 confess+ him & 8 message1 endure dea? are c]ta9 to save _! life1 i4 e4 to be f\nd z memb]s ( ! ,k+dom at ! resurrection ( ! dead 7,mk #h3cg74 ,h5ce 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! s]mon on ! m\nt he pron\nces !m bless$ :o pg #ach = 8 sake suff] revil+ & p]secution1 because !reby1 l ! meek & ! m]ciful1 !y are designat$ z memb]s ( ! ,k+dom 7,mt #e3aa f474 ,f ,jesus' /&po9t1 ?is absolute solid>ity betwe5 ,god & ! ,son ( ,man on ! "o h&1 & himself on ! o!r pres5t$ no enigma1 = x 0 bas$ ^u 8 messianic selfconsci\sness2 he c speak ?us because he is consci\s ( be+ himself ! ,son ( ,man4 ,x 0 q diff]5t = ! p1 & = ! ,disciples be=e ! revelation at ,cs>ea ,philippi4 ,h[ c ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 9 a mann] s sov]eignly self-confid5t1 proclaim 8 absolute solid>ity ) ! ,son ( ,man8 ,?is ass]tion =c$ ! p to reflect ^u 8 p]sonality4 ,:o 0 ?is ^: manife/ation mightily ext5d$ out ( ! pre-messianic & into ! messianic on itself1 s t ,god & ! ,son ( ,man receive into ! ,k+dom su* z _h confess$ him1 if ?is confession did n lose its value by reason ( ! defect ( moral wor?9ess1 z he himself once expressly decl>$ by way ( w>n+8 ,su* importance z ,jesus claim$ = himself belong$ to only "o p]sonality1--,elijah1 ! mighty ,=]unn]1--= 8 manife/ation /ret*$ out ( ! pres5t into ! messianic pg #aci on & b\nd bo? toge!r4 ,h5ce ! p held t ,jesus 0 ,elijah4 ,9 ?is 0 express$ ! highe/ e/imate :i* ,jesus' p]sonality c\ld wr+ f ! masses4 ,9 ?is case x is n a "q ( "o ( ! cu/om>y misund]/&+s s belov$ ( ! second>y ,gospel n>rators1 b ! p c\ld n1 f ,jesus' appe>ance & proclamation1 come to any o!r conclusion ab\t him4 #c4 ,jesus ,is ,elijah ?r\gh ! ,signs :i* ,proce$ f ,him4 ,9 ord] to r5d] intelligible ! attitude ( ,jesus' contempor>ies t[>ds himself & 8 "w1 we mu/ rid ourselves ( two false presuppositions ) :i* we con/antly ?\gh unconsci\sly op]ate4 ,fir/1 ! expectation at t "t 0 n fix$ ^u ! ,messiah b ^u ! ,=]unn] promis$ by prophecy4 ,secondly1 no "o 9 any way detect$ ?is ,=]unn] 9 ! p]son ( ! ,bapti/4 ,bo? ( our presuppositions run precisely to ! contr>y effect1 & !reby we spoil our hi/orical p]spective4 ,! appe>+ ( ! ,messiah 9 conjunction ) ! great crisis :i* he br+s ab\t con/itutes ! sup]natural drama :i* ! _w awaits4 ,b be=e ! curta9 pg #adj rises !re mu/ arise among ! expectant sons ( m5 ! man :o is to speak ! prologue ( ! piece2 :o !n1 s soon z ! curta9 is lift$1 associates himself ) ! cele/ial p]sonages :i* conduct ! action ( ! drama4 ,h5ce m5 are 9 expectancy fir/ ( all n = ! ris+ ( ! curta9 & ! appe>+ ( ! ,messiah b = ! speak] ( ! prologue4 ,x 0 important to signalise ! entrance ( ! ,=]unn] ^u ! /age 9 ord] to "k to :at h\r ! h& ( ! _w clock po9t$4 ,elijah1 h[ev]1 _h n z yet appe>$1 = ! ,bapti/ _h n legitimat$ himself z su*4 ,he lack$ to ?is end ! display ( sup]natural p[]4 ,signs & wond]s1 h[ev]1 belong$ necess>ily to ! epo* :i* imm$iately prec$$ ! ,k+dom4 ,a g5]al p\r+ out ( ! ,_s & prophesy+1 wond]s 9 heav5 & ^u e>?1--all t 0 to occur be=e ! ,day ( ,god comes4 ,s x 0 def9$ by ! prophet ,joel 7#c3bh #b3bh ff474 ,pet] 9 8 s]mon at ,p5teco/ appeal$ to ?is passage 7,acts #b3ag-bb74 ,"o ought to recognise f ! sup]natural ec/atic 8tongues0 t "o is approa*+ ! end ( ! days4 ,! crucifi$ ,jesus ha? ,god rais$ up to be ! pg #ada ,messiah 9 ! ,resurrection1 & ! ,k+dom w soon dawn4 ,?is passage 9 ,joel 0 !re=e appli$ to ! "t imm$iately prec$+ ! messianic age1 ! "t ( miracles1 9 :i* accord+ to ! prophecy ( ,mala*i ! ,=]unn] %\ld appe> 7,mal #d3e-f74 ,moreov]1 ! selfsame refra9 unites ^! two fundam5tal passages ( pre-messianic expectation3 ,mal #d3e is ! same z ,joel #b3ca--8;,be=e ! com+ ( ! great & t]rible ,day ( ! ,"l40 ,! ,=]unn] )\t miracles 9 an unmiracul\s age 0 !re=e un?9kable4 ,= ! contempor>ies ! *>act]i/ic diff]5ce betwe5 ,john & ,jesus consi/$ precisely 9 ! fact t ! "o simply po9t$ to ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god :ile ! o!r confirm$ 8 prea*+ by signs & wond]s4 ,m5 _h ! consci\sness ( ent]+ ) ,jesus ^u ! age ( miracles4 ,he 0 ! ,bapti/1--b ! ,bapti/1 z x 71 translat$ into ! sup]natural4 ,aft] ! mission ( ! ,twelve1 z 8 em]g5ce & 8 signs became kn[n abroad toge!r ) ! news ( ! dea? ( ! ,bapti/1 p said3 ,! ,bapti/ is rais$ f ! dead4 ,h5ce ! ,disciples answ]$ him at ,cs>ea ,philippi pg #adb t m5 took him = ,elijah or = ! ,bapti/ 7,mk #h3bh74 ,h]od z he he>d ( him w\ld n give up ! notion t he 0 ! ,bapti/3 8,! ,bapti/ is ris5 f ! dead1 & !re=e d ^! p[]s "w 9 him0 7,mk #f3ad74 ,also ! significance :i* ,jesus ascrib$ to ! signs mu/ h l$ 8 he>]s to suppose t !y 7 9 ! mid/ ( ! era ( ! ,=]unn]4 ,_! significance consi/$1 namely1 9 ! fact t !y confirm$ ! ne>ness ( ! messianic ,k+dom4 ,! p ought to believe him = ! sake ( ! signs & rep5t unto ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,! signs are an act ( ,god's grace ?r\gh :i* he w\ld make m5 aw>e :at h\r x is4 ,:osoev] does n rep5t is damn$4 ,s x comes to pass ) ! inhabitants ( ,*oraz91 ,be?saida1 & ,cap]naum4 ,b :osoev] blasphemes aga9/ ! ,holy ,gho/ & ascribes ! signs to ! p[] ( ungodl9ess has no =giv5ess 9 et]nity4 ,! scribes f ,j]usalem made !mselves guilty 9 ,galilee ( ?is (f5ce 7,mk #c3bb ff474 ,^?1 h[ev]1 :o did n h>d5 !mselves held t ! ,k+dom ( ,god /&s at ! door & t ,jesus is ! ,=]unn]1 because !y _h evid5tly ent]$ pg #adc ! age ( signs :i* ! ,scripture _h prophesi$4 #d4 ,! ,victory ov] ,demons & ! ,secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,= ,jesus ! signs signifi$ ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom 9 a s5se /ill high] ?an ! purely temporal1 *ronological ne>ness4 ,by 8 victory ov] ! demons he 0 consci\s ( influ5c+ ! com+ ( x4 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god plays into ?is conception4 ,! ?\ght is conta9$ 9 ! p>able ) :i* he repels ! false suspicions ( ! ,j]usalem scribes 7,mk #c3bc-cj74 ,! mean+ ( ?is p>able is1 9 fact1 n exhau/$ by ! ?\ght t ! argum5t t evil spirits d n und]m9e _! own dom9ion by ris+ up "o aga9/ ano!r4 ,9 ! conclud+ ^w we enc\nt] unexpect$ly ! 8n[ & !n0 :i* is *>act]i/ic ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god3 8,no "o c ent] into ! h\se ( ! /rong man & spoil 8 goods1 except he fir/ b9d ! /rong man1 & !n he w spoil 8 h\se40 ,! ca/+ out ( demons1 !re=e1 signifi$ = ,jesus ! b9d+ ( ! p[] ( ungodl9ess & r5d]+ x h>mless4 ,h5ce ?is activity1 l ! moral r5ewal 9 ! secret ( ! pg #add ,k+dom1 /&s 9 causal relation ) ! dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,?r\gh 8 conque/ ( ! demons ,jesus is ! man ( viol5ce :o compels ! approa* ( ! ,k+dom4 ,= :5 ! p[] ( ungodl9ess is b\nd1 !n comes ! mom5t :5 ! dom9ion %all be tak5 f x4 ,9 ord] t ?is may happ5 x mu/ fir/ be r5d]$ h>mless4 ,h5ce 9 s5d+ ! ,disciples ^u _! mission ,jesus n only comm&s !m to proclaim ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom1 b he also gives !m au?ority ov] ! demons 7,mt #aj3a74 ,9 t mom5t ( highe/ es*atological expectation he s5ds !m out z ! m5 ( viol5ce :o are to deal ! la/ bl[4 ,! rep5tance :i* is to be accompli%$ by _! prea*+1 & ! ov]com+ ( ! p[] ( ungodl9ess 9 ! demoniacs1 "w toge!r = ! ha/5+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,?us ! p>ables ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom 7,m>k #d71 ! p>able 9 ,jesus' apology to ! ,ph>isees 7,mk #c3bc-cj71 & ! p>able 9 ! eulogy ( ! ,bapti/ 7,mt #aa3ab-ae7 all express ! same ?\ght4 ,! two latt] correspond ev5 9 ! dra/ic image ( viol5t action1 :5ce ! notion ( 8robb]y0 is common to !m bo? 7,mk #c3bg ,mt #aa3ab74 pg #ade ,= ,jesus' consci\sness ! heal+ ( ! demoniacs 0 !re=e a "p ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,x suffic$ = ! p1 h[ev]1 to grasp ! purely *ronological connection4 #e4 ,jesus & ! ,bapti/4 ,we h se5 above t no "o c\ld recognise ,elijah 9 ! p]son ( ! ,bapti/ because 8 m9i/ry & prea*+ )\t miracle did n correspond ) ! ,scriptural repres5tation ( ! ,=]unn]'s "t4 ,none ?\ght ( ascrib+ to him ?is (fice & dignity except--= !re 0 "o exception--,jesus6 ,he x 0 t fir/ gave ! p a my/]i\s h9t t ?is man 0 ! ,=]unn]3 8,if ye are will+ to receive x1 he himself is ,elijah1 ! com+-"o0 7,mt #aa3ad74 ,he is aw>e1 h[ev]1 t ) ?is he is giv+ utt]ance to an incompreh5sible secret :i* to 8 he>]s rema9s j z obscure z ! ^w utt]$ 9 ! same connection ab\t ! man ( viol5ce :o s9ce ! days ( ! ,bapti/ compel ! ,k+dom 7,mt #aa3ab74 ,h5ce he concludes bo? ^! say+s ) ! oracul> phrase3 ,he t ha? e>s to he>1 let him he> 7,mt #aa3ae74 ,! p1 h[ev]1 7 v f> f pg #adf compreh5d+ t ?is ,bapti/ :o _h fall5 into ! h&s ( ,h]od c\ld be ! prodigi\s p]sonality :o 0 to /& ^u ! ?re%old betwe5 ! pre-messianic & ! messianic age4 ,s ! my/]i\s ^w ( ,jesus di$ ^u ! air1 & ! p /uck to ! op9ion t ,john 0 really a prophet 7,mk #aa3cb74 ,! rul]s also c\ld rea* no conclusion ab\t ! p]sonality ( ! ,bapti/4 ,= ?is reason !y 7 wor/$ 9 _! colloquy ) ,jesus :5 !y w\ld *all5ge him = 8 purify+ ( ! ,temple 7,mk #aa3cc74 ,! case 0 q ! same ) ! ,disciples3 !y 7 incapable by !mselves ( recognis+ 9 ,john ! expect$ ,elijah4 ,on ! desc5t f ! ,m\nt ( ,transfiguration !y 7 assail$ by scruples ab\t ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus & ab\t ! possibility ( ! resurrection ( ! dead :i* ,jesus _h t\*$ ^u 9 8 disc\rse4 ,?is assum$1 inde$1 t ! messianic era 0 already pres5t1 & ?is c\ld n yet h dawn$1 = 8,elijah mu/ fir/ come1 z ! scribes demon/rate0 7,mk #i3i-aa74 ,!reupon ,jesus repli$ to !m t ,john 0 ?is ,elijah1 ev5 ?\gh he 0 deliv]$ into ! p[] ( m5 7,mk #i3ab1 #ac74 pg #adg ,h[ did ,jesus arrive at ! conviction t ! ,bapti/ 0 ,elijah8 ,x 0 ?r\gh a necess>y inf]5ce f 8 own messiah%ip4 ,because he knew himself to be ! ,messiah1 ! o!r mu/ be ,elijah4 ,betwe5 ! two ideas !re 0 a necess>y correspond5ce4 ,no "o c\ld "k t ! ,bapti/ 0 ,elijah except he d]iv$ ?is cognisance f ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus4 ,no "o c\ld arrive at ! ?\ght t ,john 0 ,elijah )\t at ! same "t be+ oblig$ to see 9 ,jesus ! ,messiah4 ,= aft] ! ,=]unn] !re rema9$ no place = a second manife/ation ( ! k9d4 ,no "o knew t ,jesus took himself to be ! ,messiah4 ,!re=e 9 ! ,bapti/ m5 p]ceiv$ a prophet & rais$ ! "q :e!r ,jesus 7 n ,elijah4 ,no "o und]/ood 9 _! full be>+ ! my/]i\s conclud+ s5t5ces ( ! eulogy ov] ! ,bapti/4 ,only = ,jesus 0 ,john ! promis$ ,elijah4 #f4 ,! ,bapti/ & ,jesus4 ,:at 0 ! ,bapti/'s attitude to ,jesus8 ,if he _h be5 consci\s ( be+ ! ,=]unn]1 he mu/ h surmis$ t ,jesus 0 ! ,messiah4 ,"o g5]ally assumes ?is & supposes t he z ! ,=]unn] pg #adh put ! "q to ,jesus :e!r he 7 ! ,messiah 7,mt #aa3b-f74 ,?is supposition seems to u p]fectly natural because we always repres5t to ourselves ! two *>act]s 9 ! relation ( ,=]unn]-,messiah4 ,9 ?is connection1 h[ev]1 we =get a p]fectly obvi\s "q4 ,did ! ,bapti/ feel himself to be ,elijah1 ! ,=]unn]8 ,9 no utt]ance be=e ! p did he raise su* a claim4 ,!y /ubbornly recognis$ 9 him only a prophet4 ,also dur+ 8 imprisonm5t he c h claim$ no su* ?+1 = 9 ,j]usalem ! p /ill held to ! same op9ion1 t he 0 a prophet4 ,if someh[ or ano!r ! pres5tim5t _h prevail$ t he repres5t$ ! "* ( ,elijah1 h[ !n c\ld m5 g5]ally get ! notion t ,john 0 a prophet1 ,jesus ! ,elijah8 ,t ?is 0 ! g5]al view ev5 aft] ! dea? ( ! ,bapti/1 is prov$ by ! reply ( ! ,disciples at ,cs>ea ,philippi4 ,to view ! ,bapti/'s qu]y "u ! presumption t ! ,=]unn] is ask+ :e!r ,jesus be ! ,messiah is to put ! "q 9 a light :i* is completely unju/ifi$2 = :e!r ,john took himself to be ! ,=]unn] is n 9 ! lea/ to be prov54 ,!re=e x is also by no means pg #adi made out t 8 "q ref]r$ to ! messianic dignity4 ,! p /&+ by1 z !y did n take ,john to be ! ,=]unn]1 mu/ h int]pret$ x 9 a v diff]5t way1--namely1 9 ! s5se3 ,art ?\ ,elias8 ,! fact is t ! usual p]spective hides a *>act]i/ic detail 9 ?is v section1 ! fact1 namely1 t ,jesus applies aga9 to ! ,bapti/ ! same designation :i* ! ,bapti/ 9 8 "q _h appli$ to him6 ,art ?\ ! ,com+ ,"o8 ask$ ! ,bapti/4 ,jesus repli$3 ,if ye are will+ to receive x1 he himself is ,elijah1 ! ,com+ ,"o6 ,! designation ( ! 8,com+ ,"o0 is !re=e common to bo? spee*es1 only t we arbitr>ily ref] x to ! ,messiah 9 ! "q ( ! ,bapti/4 ,?is proce$+1 :i* appe>s s natural 9 ! nave p]spective1 w %[ itself to be unju/ifi$ s soon z "o becomes aw>e t x is 9 fact only a "q ( p]spective & n ( any real /&>d4 ,= !n ! phrase 8,he himself0 9 ,jesus' reply acquires sudd5ly an unsuspect$ significance3 8he himself is ,elijah10 ! ,com+ ,"o6 ,?is ref]5ce compels u to und]/& by ! ,com+ ,"o 9 ! ,bapti/'s "q1 n ! ,messiah1 b--z 9 ,jesus' reply--,elias4 pg #aej 8,art ?\ ! expect$ ,=]unn]80--?us ! ,bapti/ ?r\gh 8 disciples makes inquiry ( ,jesus4 8,if ye are able to receive x1 he himself is ?is ,=]unn]10 said ,jesus to ! p aft] he _h spok5 to !m ab\t ! greatness ( ! ,bapti/4 ,by ?is ref]5ce ! sc5e n[ receives a f> m int5se col\r+4 ,fir/ ( all1 x becomes cle> :y ,jesus speaks ab\t ! ,bapti/ aft] ! dep>ture ( ! mess5g]s4 ,he feels himself oblig$ to lead ! p up climactically f ! conception t ,john is a prophet to ! pres5tim5t t he is ! ,=]unn]1 ) ^: appe>+ ! h& ( ! _w clock ne>s ! fateful h\r to :i* ref]s ! ^w conc]n+ 8him :o prep>es ! way10 & ( :om ! scribes say 8t he mu/ fir/ come0 7,mk #i3aa74 ,john1 9 fact1 ) 8 "q 0 backw>d 9 8 reckon+ ( ! ,messianic "t4 ,8 mess5g]s seek in=mation ab\t ! ,=]unn] at ! mom5t :5 ,jesus' confid5ce t ! ,k+dom is imm$iately to dawn 0 at ! highe/ pit*4 ,he _h j s5t out 8 ,disciples & giv5 !m to expect t ! appe>+ ( ! ,son ( ,man might surprise !m on _! way ?r\gh ! cities ( ,israel4 ,! h\r is already f> m advanc$--t is :at ,jesus w\ld pg #aea give ! p to und]/& 9 8 8eulogy ov] ! ,bapti/10 if !y c receive x4 ,john rea*$ ?is surmise ab\t ,jesus 9 ! same way z did ! p4 ,t is to say1 z he he>d ( ! signs & de$s ( ,jesus 7,mt #aa3b71 !re occurr$ to him ! ?\ght t ?is might be some?+ m ?an a prophet ) a call to rep5tance4 ,s he s5ds mess5g]s to him 9 ord] to h assurance ^u ?is po9t4 ,h]e)1 h[ev]1 ! proclamation ( ! ,bapti/ is put 9 an entirely diff]5t light4 ,he nev] po9t$ to ! com+ ,messiah1 b to ! expect$ ,=]unn]4 ,s is to be expla9$ ! proclamation ab\t 8him t is to come aft] him0 7,mk #a3g1 #h74 ,z appli$ to ! ,messiah1 ! expressions he uses rema9 obscure4 ,!y d5ote1 t is1 only a diff]5ce ( degree1 n a total diff]5ce 9 k9d1 betwe5 himself & ! p]son :om he ann\nces4 ,if he 7 speak+ ( ! ,messiah1 x w\ld h be5 impossible = him to employ ^! expressions1 9 :i*1 9 spite ( ! mighty diff]5ce 9 rank1 he /ill comp>es ! ,com+ ,"o to himself4 ,he ?9ks ( ! ,=]unn] z l himself1 baptis+ & prea*+ rep5tance unto ! ,k+dom1 only t he is incomp>ably great] & mighti]4 ,in/ead ( baptis+ pg #aeb ) wat]1 he w baptise ) ! ,holy ,gho/ 7,mk #a3h74 ,?is _c apply to ! ,messiah4 ,s9ce :5 does ! ,messiah baptise8 ,!n1 too1 ! fam\s p\r+ out ( ! ,_s does n occur )9 b be=e ! messianic era6 ,be=e ! com+ ( ! great ,day ( ! ,"l he w p\r out 8 ,_s ^u all fle%1 & signs & wond]s %all be %[$ 9 heav5 & on e>? 7,joel #b3bh ff474 ,be=e ! com+ ( ! great ,day ( ! ,"l he w s5d ,elijah ! ,prophet 7,mal #d3e74 ,! ,bapti/ comb9es ^! two *ief indications ( ! "* ( ! great ev5ts t are to prec$e ! ,la/ ,"t1 & he arrives at ! conception ( ! ,=]unn] :o is to baptise ) ! ,holy ,gho/6 ,"o sees f ?is :at a sup]natural light surr\nd$ ! figure ( ! ,=]unn] 9 ! curr5t conception4 ,h5ce x is t ,john felt himself s little be=e him4 ,jesus 0 put by ?is "q 9 a difficult position4 ,! ,bapti/ 9 ask+ him1 ,art ?\ ! ,=]unn]8 or art ?\ n8 _h propos$ a false alt]native to :i* ,jesus c\ld answ] nei!r yes nor no4 ,he 0 n will+ to entru/ ! secret ( 8 messiah%ip to ! mess5g]s4 ,he !re=e repli$ ) a h9t ( ! ne>ness ( pg #aec ! ,k+dom :i* 0 reveal$ 9 8 de$s4 ,at ! same "t he ?ru/ 8 own p]sonality mightily into ! =egr\nd4 ,he alone c be bless$ :o /&s by him & :o f9ds no occasion ( /umbl+ 9 him4 ,) ?is he w\ld say ! same z he said once also to ! p3 memb]%ip 9 ! ,k+dom is dep5d5t ^u "o's atta*m5t to him 7,mk #h3ch74 ,jesus' rem>kable evasive answ] to ! ,bapti/1 9 :i* exegesis has always believ$ t x mu/ discov] a special f9esse1 is expla9$ !re=e simply by ! necessity ( ! situation4 ,jesus c\ld n answ] directly4 ,h5ce he gave ?is obscure response4 ,! ,bapti/ 0 to ga!r f x :at he w\ld & c\ld4 ,besides1 x 0 ( no importance h[ he und]/ood x4 ,ev5ts w\ld soon tea* him1 = ! "t is already mu* fur!r advanc$ ?an he supposes1 & ! hamm] is already lift$ to /rike ! h\r4 ,x is exce$+ly difficult = u to get rid ( ! notion t ! ,bapti/ & ,jesus /ood to "o ano!r 9 ! relation ( ,=]unn] & ,messiah4 ,x is only ?r\gh int5se reflection t we c rea* ! p]ception t ! two *>act]s /& 9 ?is relation 9 our p]spective only pg #aed because we assume ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus2 b t 9 ord] to discov] ! hi/orical relation%ip we mu/ calculate & apply ! "r p]spective4 ,s long z "o is /ill prejudic$ 9 any way by ! old p]spective1 "o _c d ju/ice to ! =ego+ inve/igation4 ,t is1 "o w /ill h ! notion t x is a "q ( 8! =]unn] ( ! ,=]unn]0 & ! ,=]unn]--an +5i\s multiplication ( ! ,=]unn] by himself4 ,t is falsely express$4 ,a prophet ( rep5tance1 ,john ! ,bapti/1 directs m5's att5tion to ! pr$iction ( ! mighty figure ( ,elijah ! ,=]unn]1 & z he he>s 9 prison ( ! signs ( ,jesus he wond]s if ?is may n be ,elijah--& does n dream t ?is man holds himself to be ! ,messiah1 & t = ?is reason he himself w h5ce=? be designat$ 9 hi/ory z ! ,=]unn]4 ,t is ! hi/orical situation4 ,! mom5t ! conception ( hi/ory 0 def9$ by ! conviction t ,jesus 0 ! ,messiah ! hi/orical p]spective 0 necess>ily %ift$4 ,! ,gospels display ?is %ift+ 9 increas+ measure4 ,9 ! introductory v]ses ( ,m>k ! quotation f ,mala*i ab\t ! ,=]unn] :o is to prep>e ! way 7,mal #c3a7 is already appli$ to pg #aee ,john4 ,accord+ to ,mat!w1 ! ,bapti/ he>s 9 prison ( 8! works ( ! ,messiah0 7,mt #aa3b74 ,if "h x is only a "q ( ! casual & unreflect+ introduction ( a new mode ( conception1 ! ,f\r? ,gospel1 on ! o!r h&1 has made a pr9ciple ( x & consi/5tly repres5ts ! hi/ory 9 l9e ) ! presumption t because ,jesus 0 ! ,messiah ! ,bapti/ 0 ! ,=]unn] & mu/ h felt himself to be su*4 ,! hi/orical ,bapti/ says3 ,i am n ! ,=]unn]1 = he is incomp>ably great] & mighti] ?an ,i4 ,accord+ to ! ,f\r? ,gospel ! p c\ld conjecture t he 0 ! ,*ri/4 ,he 0 oblig$ to say1 !re=e3 ,i am n ! ,*ri/ 7,jn #a3bj76 ,?us has ! relation be5 alt]$ "u ! influ5ce ( ! new p]spective4 ,! p]son ( ! ,bapti/ has become hi/orically unrecognisable4 ,f9ally !y h made out ( him ! mod]n d\bt]1 :o half believ$ 9 ,jesus' messiah%ip1 & half disbeliev$4 ,9 ?is appreh5sive indecision1 ?is back+ & fill+1 is suppos$ to lie1 9 fact1 ! trag$y ( 8 exi/5ce6 ,n[1 h[ev]1 "o may confid5tly /rike him f ! li/ ( ^? *>act]s1 s int]e/+ to u mod]ns1 :o come to ru9 ?r\gh a tragic pg #aef half-fai?4 ,jesus sp>$ him t4 ,= s long z he liv$ he requir$ ( no man fai? 9 him z ! ,messiah--& yet t is :at he 06 #g4 ,! ,bl9d ,man at ,j]i*o & ! ,ovation at ! ,entrance to ,j]usalem4 ,0 ! entrance into ,j]usalem a messianic ovation8 ,t dep5ds1 9 ! fir/ place1 ^u h[ "o int]prets ! cry ( ! p2 b !n also1 ^u "o's notion ( ! enc\nt] betwe5 ,jesus & ! bl9d man4 ,if x 0 actually a "q !re ( 8 be+ greet$ z ! ,son ( ,david1--a greet+ :i* he no long] repudiates1 b tacitly admits1 s t ! p le>n to appreh5d :at he takes himself to be1--! consequ5ce is inevitable t x 0 a messianic ovation4 ,= ! exact und]/&+ ( ! description ( ,jesus' entrance into ,j]usalem1 ! diff]5ces 9 detail betwe5 ,m>k & ! p>allels are ( f> rea*+ importance4 ,9 ,m>k we h two cle>ly di/+ui%able acclamations4 ,! fir/ is direct$ to ! p]son ( ,jesus 9 _! mid/3 8,hosanna6 ,bless$ be #8! ,com+ ,"o' 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l0 7,mk #aa3i74 ,! second ref]s to ! expect$ com+ ( ! ,k+dom3 pg #aeg 8,bless$ be ! com+ ,k+dom ( our fa!r ,david4 ,hosanna 9 ! highe/60 ,! ,son ( ,david is ?us n m5tion$ at all6 ,x is diff]5t 9 ,mat!w4 ,!re ! p %\t 8,hosanna to ! ,son ( ,david6 ,bless$ be ! ,com+ ,"o 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l4 ,hosanna 9 ! highe/60 7,mt #ba3i74 ,we h "h !re=e only ! cry :i* 0 direct$ to ! p]son ( ,jesus2 ! ,k+dom is n m5tion$2 m5 acclaim in/ead ! ,son ( ,david &1 at ! same "t1 ! ,com+ ,"o4 ,luke's v]sion does n come into acc\nt1 = he deals ) rem9isc5ces f ! hi/ory ( ! infancy 8,bless$ be ! k+ t come? 9 ! "n ( ! ,"l4 ,peace 9 heav5 & glory 9 ! highe/0 7,lk #ai3ch74 ,?us ,mat!w 9 8 acc\nt int]prets ! ,com+ ,"o z ! ,son ( ,david4 ,we possess no direct pro( t ?is expression 7! ,com+ ,"o71 :i* is d]iv$ f ,psalm #aah3be ff41 0 employ$ 9 ,jesus' "t = ! ,messiah4 ,x has be5 %[n1 h[ev]1 t ! ,bapti/ z well z ,jesus appli$ x r to ! ,=]unn] ,elijah4 ,x is !re=e unhi/orical :5 ,mat!w repres5ts ! p z acclaim+ 9 ! same pg #aeh brea? bo? ! ,com+ ,"o & ! ,son ( ,david4 ,m>k has "h1 too1 pres]v$ 9 8 detail ! orig9al situation4 ,! p acclaim$ ,jesus z ! 8,com+ ,"o10 i4 e4 z ! ,=]unn]1 & s+s an 8,hosanna 9 ! highe/0 to ! ,k+dom :i* is soon to desc5d ^u e>?4 ,a f9e di/9ction is made 9 ! use ( ,hosanna & ,hosanna 9 ! highe/ 78places0 is to be suppli$74 ,! =m] applies to ! ,=]unn] pres5t 9 _! mid/2 ! latt]1 to ! heav5ly ,k+dom4 ,! second>y "* ( ! acc\nt 9 ,mat!w is evid5t 9 ! fact t x applies to ! ,son ( ,david & to ! ,com+ ,"o n only an ,hosanna b likewise an ,hosanna 9 ! highe/1--:]eby ! ,messiah is fir/ assum$ to be on e>? & !n1 /ill 9 heav56 ,"h x becomes pla9 t ! second ,hosanna belong$ orig9ally ) ! ,k+dom4 ,! entrance into ,j]usalem1 !re=e1 0 an ovation n to ! ,messiah b to ! ,=]unn]4 ,b !n x is impossible t ! p und]/ood ! sc5e ) ! bl9d man z indicat+ t ,jesus welcom$ ! address 8,son ( ,david40 ,"h aga9 x is a "q ( ,synoptical detail by :i* ! sc5e is totally *ang$4 pg #aei ,! %\t 9 ! "n ( ! ,son ( ,david is incid5tal4 ,! "q is only :e!r ! public c\ld & mu/ conceive x z a =m ( address4 ,?is conception is evid5tly t ( ,mat!w & ,luke1 b by ,m>k x is exclud$4 ,accord+ to ! ,mat!an acc\nt1 two bl9d m5 sit by ! wayside & cry1 ,h m]cy ^u u1 ,son ( ,david 7,mt #bj3cj74 ,9 ,luke ! cry runs3 ,jesus1 ?\ ,son ( ,david1 h m]cy ^u me 7,lk #ah3ch74 ,!reupon ,jesus comes to a /& be=e him1 conv]ses ) him1 & heals him4 ,accord+ to ,m>k1 ! bl9d begg>1 son ( ,timu1 is sitt+ beh9d ! multitude at ! edge ( ! road4 ,jesus does n see him1 _c address him1 b he>s only a voice1 :i* rea*es him z f ! gr\nd out ( ! mid/ ( ! /ir1 ( "o call+ ^u ! ,son ( ,david = help4 ,jesus comes to a /& & s5ds to h him fet*$6 ,!y foll[ ! voice & f9d ! man sitt+ ^u ! gr\nd4 ,rise1 he calle? !e6 !y say to him4 ,he ?r[s away 8 g>m5t1 spr+s up1 & presses ?r\gh ! cr[d to ,jesus4 ,z ,jesus sees ! man approa*+ him ?us he c h no idea t he is bl9d6 ,he has to ask him1 !re=e1 :at he wants4 ,! di/ance1 ! heat1 pg #afj ! s5d+ to fet* him1 ! nimble approa*1--all ?is ,mat!w has dropp$4 ,he has simplifi$ ! situation3 ,jesus enc\nt]s ! two bl9d m5 on ! road & at once addresses !m4 ,only he has reta9$ f ! orig9al situation ! "q1 8:at is want$80--:i* 9 ,m>k is actually necess>y1 b 9 ,mat!w rema9s unacc\ntable1 = !re ,jesus mu/ see t he has to d ) two bl9d m56 ,b if !re lay su* a di/ance betwe5 ,jesus & ! bl9d man1 no "o c\ld h an idea t he took ! monoton\s cry ab\t ! ,son ( ,david z an address to himself6 ,x 0 j simply an annoy+ cry1 :i* ! by/&]s s\ght 9 va9 to sil5ce4 ,! p atta*$ z little importance to x z to ! cries ( ! demons--if 9 fact !y und]/ood x at all4 ,! address ( ! begg> 0 ( an entirely diff]5t t5or & %[s t he no m took ,jesus = ! ,messiah ?an did ! p3 8,rabbi1 t ,i may receive my sight40 ,= him1 !re=e1 ,jesus 0 ! rabbi f ,naz>e?4 ,if "o keep ?is situation 9 view1 x w be se5 t ! by/&]s c\ld 9 no way get ! idea t ,jesus "h welcomes a messianic pg #afa acclaim4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 ! fir/ sign :i* he aga9 p]=m$ aft] com+ out ( 8 retirem5t4 ,!reby he legitimat$ himself be=e ! ,pas*al c>avan z ! ,=]unn]1 = :i* 8 adh]5ts 9 ,galilee took him be=e he sudd5ly )drew into solitude 9 ! nor?4 ,n[ ! demon/ration is let loose1 & !y prep>e = him z ! ,=]unn] ! ovation at ! entrance into ,j]usalem4 ,9 demon/rat+ ! prop] "* ( ?is occurr5ce "o has to deal ) app>5tly insignificant detail to :i* n ev]yone may be incl9$ to ascribe due importance4 ,9 view ( ?is ! foll[+ po9ts are to be kept 9 m9d3 #a4 ,9 ! repres5tation :i* assumes ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus !re mu/ come ab\t z ( itself a %ift+ ( detail :i* has ! effect ( describ+ a messianic entrance4 ,?is is ! case ) ,mat!w4 ,!re is no evid5ce ( a delib]ate purpose on ! "p ( ! writ]4 #b4 ,m>k's del9eation %[s su* orig9ality 9 comp>ison ) ! p>allels 7"o has b to ?9k ( ! /ory ( ! ,baptism & ! report ( ! ,la/ ,supp]7 t "o _c easily lay too great weight ^u ! peculi>ity pg #afb ( 8 acc\nt1--especially :5 x results 9 s cle> & consi/5t a picture z is "h ! case4 #c4 ,no?+ is accompli%$ by ! ass]tion t pro( has n be5 br\ght t x 0 assur$ly a "q ( an ovation to ! ,=]unn]4 ,= !n x rema9s to demon/rate h[ x 01 t1 on ! presumption t x 0 actually an ovation to ! ,messiah1 ! transactions 9 ! ,j]usalem days make no allusion at all to ! presum$ messianic pret5sion & ! v5al accus]s d n appeal to any su* claims4 ,:at mu/ ! ,roman procurator h done if a man _h m>*$ into ! city hail$ by ! populace z ! ,son ( ,david8 #d4 ,! true hi/orical appreh5sion is peculi>ly difficult = u "h because ( our notion t ! signs & wond]s 7 reg>d$ by ! contempor>ies z a confirmation ( ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus4 ,9 t op9ion we %>e ! /&po9t ^u :i* ! ,johann9e repres5tation is bas$4 ,accord+ to ! conception ( ,jesus' contempor>ies1 h[ev]1 ! ,messiah ne$s no signs1 b r he w be at once manife/ 9 8 p[]6 ,! signs belong on ! contr>y to ! p]iod ( ! ,=]unn]6 #e4 ,our translation also has a prejudicial pg #afc effect4 ,! ^w d5otes 9 all passages a p]sonality %>ply def9$ = t "t4 ,h5ce "o mu/ 9 e case translate x 9 accord ) ?is p]ception1--n "o "t z a sub/antive cf4 ! ,g]man ,bible & aga9 79 ! /ory ( ! ovation7 z a v]b-=m1 j z happ5s to be mo/ conv5i5t4 8,! ,com+ ,"o0 is ! ,=]unn]1 because be=e ! messianic judgm5t he is to come 9 ! "n ( ,god to put ev]y?+ 9 ord]4 ,we arrive !re=e at ! conclusion3 ,until ! confession be=e ! c\ncil ,jesus 0 publicly reg>d$ z ! ,=]unn]1 z he _h be5 already 9 ,galilee4 pg #afd ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,aft] ,,! ,,mission ,,( ,,! ,,twelve4 ,,lit]>y ,,& ,,hi/orical ,,problems #a4 ,! ,voyage on ! ,lake aft] ! ,return ( ! ,twelve4 ,x is exce$+ly difficult to ga!r f ! ,synoptic acc\nts a cle> picture ( ! ev5ts :i* happ5$ aft] ! mission ( ! ,twelve4 ,:5 did ! ,disciples return8 ,:]e did ,jesus betake himself dur+ _! abs5ce8 ,:at sort ( success did ! ,disciples h8 ,:at ev5ts happ5$ betwe5 _! return & ! dep>ture = ! nor?8 ,7 ^! ev5ts ( a sort to acc\nt = ,jesus' det]m9ation to )draw ) !m into solitude8 ,! acc\nts supply no answ] to ^! que/ions4 ,moreov] !y confront u ) ano!r1 a purely lit]>y problem4 ,! connection betwe5 ! sev]al sc5es is "h extraord9>ily brok54 ,x seems almo/ z if ! ?read ( ! n>ration 7 "h completely lo/4 ,only at ! mom5t ( dep>ture = ! j\rney to ,j]usalem d ! pg #afe sc5es beg9 to /& aga9 9 a cle> & natural relation%ip4 ,fir/ ( all we h to d ) two obvi\s d\blettes3 ! fe$+ ( ! multitude & ! subsequ5t j\rney on ! lake 7,mk #f3ca1 #ef ,mk #h3a1 #ba74 ,9 bo? in/ances ,jesus is ov]tak5 by ! multitude z he l&s on a lonely %ore aft] a j\rney across ! lake4 ,!n he returns aga9 to ! ,galilean village on ! we/ %ore4 ,"h 9 8 accu/om$ field ( activity he enc\nt]s ! ,ph>isaic emiss>ies f ,j]usalem4 ,!y call him to acc\nt4 ,9 ! s]ies :i* conta9s ! fir/ acc\nt ( ! fe$+ ( ! multitude ! "q at issue is ab\t h&-wa%+ 7,mk #g3a-bc71 9 ! second case x is ! requirem5t ( a sign 7,mk #h3aa-ac74 ,! fir/ s]ies concludes ) ! dep>ture = ! nor?1 :]e 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,tyre & ,sidon he meets ! ,canaaniti% woman 7,mk #g3bd-cj74 ,9 ! second s]ies ! j\rney to ,cs>ea ,philippi 7,mk #h3bg7 foll[s ^u 8 enc\nt] ) ! ,ph>isees4 ,we h "h !re=e two indep5d5t acc\nts ( ! same epo* 9 ,jesus's life4 ,9 _! plan !y mat* "o ano!r p]fectly1 diff]+ only 9 ! *oice ( ! ev5ts to be relat$4 ,^! two n>rative s]ies are z x 7 pr$e/9at$ to be pg #aff unit$ in/ead ( be+ plac$ side by side4 ,x happ5s t ea* ( ! nor!rn j\rneys1 accord+ to ! n>rative1 beg9s & ends ) a soj\rn 9 ,galilee4 ,mk #g3ca3 ,aft] leav+ ! region ( ,tyre he came ?r\gh ,sidon to ! ,sea ( ,galilee4 ,mk #i3cj1 #cc3 ,& !y w5t =? f !nce 7i4 e4 f ,cs>ea ,philippi7 & w&]$ ?r\gh ,galilee & came to ,cap]naum4 ,at ! end ( "o n>rative s]ies "o f9ds oneself aga9 at ! beg9n+ ( ! o!r4 ,h5ce if "o connect ! "o return f ! nor? ) ! beg9n+ ( ! o!r n>rative s]ies1 "o has1 sup]ficially view$1 a p]fectly natural cont9uation1--only t ,jesus mu/ n[1 incompreh5sibly en\gh1 />t back imm$iately = ! nor?1 in/ead ( ! return to ,galilee be+ a /age on ! j\rney to ,j]usalem6 ,?is is ! ord] t 0 f9ally foll[$1 b x is only 9 ! second return t ! n>rative f9ds a po9t ( atta*m5t = ! j\rney to ,j]usalem4 ,?is return movem5t 9 bo? s]ies acc\nts = ! fact t ! two n>ratives1 ?\gh !y are really p>allel cycles1 are yet atta*$ to "o ano!r 9 *ronological sequ5ce4 ,! pres5t text has complet$ ! process ( h>monis+ !m4 ,x is n simply t ! /ory ( ! second fe$+ ( pg #afg ! multitude makes ref]5ce to ! fir/ 9 ! ^w 8aga90 7,mk #h3a73 ! reconciliation is 9 fact c>ri$ s f> t ,jesus 9 "o ^w address$ to ! ,disciples assumes bo? miracles 7,mk #h3ai-ba76 ,h[ f> ?is process 0 already accompli%$ 9 ! oral tradition1 & h[ mu* is to be *>g$ to ! acc\nt ( ! f9al lit]>y composition1 is a "q :i* we are no long] 9 a position to answ]4 ,only ! fir/ cycle is complete4 ,jesus & 8 ,disciples travel by boat nor?-ea/ along ! coa/ & return !n aga9 to ! c\ntry ( ,g5ez>e? 7,mk #f3cb1 #de1 #ec74 ,! second cycle is incomplete & fall5 some:at into disord]4 ,jesus is back on ! we/ coa/ aft] 8 voyage4 ,mk #h3aj ff4 corresponds ) ,mk #f3ec ff4 & ,mk #g3a ff4 ,dalmanu?a lies on ! we/ coa/4 ,b in/ead ( 8 dep>t+ n[ directly = ! nor?1 !re comes fir/ ano!r voyage to ! ea/ coa/ 7,mk #h3ac74 ,x is n till !y rea* ,be?saida t he />ts ) 8 ,disciples nor?w>d 7,mk #h3bg74 ,! fir/ cycle on ! o!r h& relates ?is voyage to ,be?saida z an episode ( ! fam\s coa/+ voyage & places x imm$iately aft] ! fe$+ ( ! multitude 7,mk #f3de ff474 ,& z a matt] ( fact ! second n>rative s]ies also %[s pg #afh t ?is 0 ! orig9al connection4 ,= "h1 too1 z 9 ! fir/ s]ies1 ! conv]sation ^u l&+ deals ) ! =ego+ miracle4 ,mk #f3eb3 8,= !y und]/ood n conc]n+ ! loaves1 b _! he>t 0 h>d5$40 ,mk #h3ai-ba3 8,:5 ,i brake ! five loaves--:5 ! sev5--d ye n yet und]/&80 ,x is !re=e impossible t betwe5 ?is voyage & ! fe$+ ( ! multitude all ! ev5ts 7 cr[d$ :i* 7 enact$ ^u ! we/ %ore4 ,! m9ds ( all are /ill full ( ! great ev5t4 ,! new sea j\rney ( ! second cycle is no?+ else b ! orig9al cont9uation ( ! voyage to ,be?saida f ! sc5e ( ! fe$+ ( ! multitude4 ,!re) ! p>allelism ( ! two s]ies is prov54 ,! ev5ts foll[ "o ano!r 9 ?is ord]3 coa/+ voyage f ! we/ %ore1 fe$+ ( ! multitude1 cont9uation ( ! voyage to ! nor?-ea/1 8walk+ ^u ! sea0 & conv]sation 9 ! boat1 arrival at ,be?saida1 return to ! region ( ,g5ez>e?1 discussion ) ! ,ph>isees1 dep>ture ) ! ,disciples to ! nor?4 #b4 ,! ,supp] by ! ,sea%ore4 ,! ,disciples' proclamation ( ! imm$iate approa* ( ! ,k+dom mu/ h pg #afi _h a great success4 ,a mighty multitude ( su* z believ$ ! message cr[d$ ar\nd ,jesus4 ,he _h ab\t him a community inspir$ by ! mo/ lively es*atological expectation4 ,!y w\ld n let g ( him4 ,9 ord] to be alone ) 8 ,disciples he emb>ks 9 a boat4 ,he meant to )draw to ! nor?-ea/ %ore4 ,b ! p1 :5 !y le>n$ t he w\ld take himself away1 /ream$ toge!r f all sides & foll[$ him along ! bea*4 ,mk #f3cb1 #cc3 8,= !re 7 _m com+ & go+1 & !y _h no leisure s mu* z to eat4 ,& !y w5t away 9 a boat to a des]t place ap>t4 ,& ! p saw !m go+1 & _m knew !m1 & !y ran !re toge!r on foot f all ! cities & outw5t !m40 ,!y meet him 9 a lonely region & imm$iately surr\nd him4 ,! h\r comes = ! daily meal4 ,9 ! acc\nts ( ! foll[+ miracle ! meal :i* !y celebrat$ is pres]v$ to u4 ,! occasion 0 a solemn cultus-meal6 ,aft] ! loaves :i* he _h brok5 7 consecrat$ by a pray] ( ?anksgiv+ ,jesus has !m di/ribut$ to ! multitude by 8 ,disciples4 ,except = ! addition ( ! two p>ables 8,my body--my blood0 we h absolutely ! same solemn c]emony at ! ,la/ ,supp]4 pg #agj ,!re he p]sonally di/ribut$ ! food to 8 table-companions4 ,! description ( ! di/ribution ( ! bread 9 ! two cases corresponds p]fectly4 ,mk #f3da3 ,he took ! loaves1 & look+ up to heav51 he bless$ !m1 & he gave to ! ,disciples to set be=e !m4 ,mk #ad3bb3 ,he took a loaf1 & :5 he _h bless$1 he brake x1 & gave to !m4 ,h5ce ! solemn act ( di/ribution con/itutes ! ess5ce1 z well ( t meal by ! sea%ore1 z ( ! la/ meal ) 8 ,disciples4 ,! 8,"l's ,supp]0 is a "n appropriate to bo?1 = t meal by ! sea also took place at ! ev5+ h\r4 ,mk #f3ce3 ,& :5 ! day 0 n[ f> sp5t 8 ,disciples came to him1 etc4 ,"h ! table-company is compos$ ( ! great multitude ( believ]s 9 ! ,k+dom3 at ! ,la/ ,supp] x 0 limit$ to ! circle ( ! ,disciples4 ,! celebration1 h[ev]1 0 ! same4 ,! /ory ( ?is ev5t has be5 di/ort$ into a miracle3 ! cultus-meal :i* ,jesus improvis$ by ! sea%ore has be5 repres5t$ z a he>ty & fill+ supp]4 ,t ! scanty provision :i* 0 at h&1 ! food design$ = himself & 8 ,disciples1 0 solemnly di/ribut$ to ! p is hi/oric4 pg #aga ,t ?is meal took ! place ( ! ev5+ repa/ likewise corresponds ) ! fact4 ,b t ?r\gh a sup]natural process ! multitude 0 fill$ by x1--t belongs to ! miracul\s "* :i* ! lat] age ascrib$ to ! celebration because its significance c\ld n be appreh5d$4 ,! hi/orical proc$ure is ! foll[+3 ,! ,disciples ask ,jesus to s5d ! p away t !y may be f$4 ,= him1 h[ev]1 x is n an appropriate mom5t to ?9k ( an e>?ly meal & s to disp]se1 = ! h\r is ne> :5 !y %all all be ga!r$ ab\t him at ! messianic banquet4 ,h5ce he w\ld n h !m g yet1 b be=e he dismisses !m he comm&s !m to recl9e z at table4 ,9 place ( ! full meal he introduces a c]emonial meal1 9 :i* ! satisfaction ( e>?ly appetite has no "p1 s t ! food int5d$ = himself & 8 ,disciples suffic$ = all4 ,nei!r ! ,disciples nor ! multitude und]/& :at goes on4 ,z ,jesus aft]w>ds 9 ! boat directs ! conv]sation to ! significance ( ! meal--?is alone c be ! hi/orical mean+ ( ! obscure intimations ( ,mk #f3eb & ,mk #h3ad-ba1 x appe>s t ! ,disciples h und]/ood no?+4 ,he celebrat$1 !re=e1 a sacr$ cultus-meal pg #agb ! mean+ ( :i* 0 cle> to him alone4 ,he did n c\nt x necess>y to expla9 to !m ! mean+ ( ! c]emony4 ,! memory1 h[ev]1 ( t my/]i\s supp] on ! lonely sea%ore liv$ on vividly 9 ! tradition & grew to ! acc\nt ( ! miracul\s fe$+4 ,:]e9 did ! solemnity ( ?is di/ribution consi/ = ,jesus8 ,! ga!r+ at ! fea/ is ( an es*atological "*4 ,! p t ga!r$ ab\t him by ! seaside 7 await+ ) him ! dawn ( ! ,k+dom4 ,9 replac+ n[ ! cu/om>y full meal ) a sacr$ c]emonial meal1 at :i* he di/ribut$ food ) ?anksgiv+ to ,god1 he act$ at ! prompt+ ( 8 messianic consci\sness4 ,z "o :o knew himself to be ! ,messiah1 & w\ld be manife/$ to !m z su* at ! imm95t dawn ( ! ,k+dom1 he di/ributes1 to ^? :om he expects soon to jo9 him at ! messianic banquet1 sacr$ food1 z ?\gh he w\ld give !m !re) an e>ne/ ( _! p>ticipation 9 t future solemnity4 ,! "t = e>?ly meals is pass$3 h5ce he celebrates ) !m a =eta/e ( ! messianic banquet4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 und]/ood x n1 = !y c\ld n guess t he :o di/ribut$ to !m su* consecrat$ eu*>i/ic pg #agc food 0 consci\s ( be+ ! ,messiah & act$ z su*4 ,9 ?is connection !re falls a light ^u ! nature ( ! ,la/ ,supp] at ,j]usalem4 ,!re ! ,disciples repres5t$ ! community ( believ]s 9 ! ,k+dom4 ,9 ! c\rse ( t la/ meal ,jesus di/ribut$ to !m ) a ^w ( ?anksgiv+ food & dr9k4 ,b n[ !y "k :at he assumes to be3 he _h disclos$ to !m ! secret ( 8 messiah%ip4 ,f ?is !y are able to div9e 9 8 di/ribution ! ref]5ce to ! messianic banquet4 ,he himself gave ?is significance to 8 action 9 ! fact t he conclud$ ! c]emony ) a h9t ( _! proximate reunion :5 he %\ld dr9k ! w9e new ) !m 9 8 ,fa!r's ,k+dom6 ,! supp] by ! seaside & ! supp] at ,j]usalem !re=e correspond completely1 except t 9 ! latt] ,jesus signifi$ to 8 ,disciples ! nature ( ! c]emony & at ! same "t expresses ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion 9 ! two p>ables 8,my body-- my blood04 ,! cultus-meal 0 ! same3 a =eta/e ( ! messianic banquet 9 ! circle ( ! fell[%ip ( ! believ]s 9 ! ,k+dom4 ,n[ = ! fir/ "t "o is able to und]/& h[ ! nature pg #agd ( ! ,la/ ,supp] c be indep5d5t ( ! two p>ables4 #c4 ,! ,week at ,be?saida4 ,dur+ ! c]emony ,jesus 0 deeply mov$4 ,= ?is reason he urg$ imm$iate dep>ture & dismiss$ ! p4 ,he himself )drew to a m\nta9 9 ord] to be alone 9 pray]4 ,on ! bea* at ,be?saida1 :i!r he _h *>g$ !m to r[1 he aga9 met 8 ,disciples4 ,!y1 battl+ ) w9d & wave1 _h ! illusion t a sup]natural app>ition approa*$ !m z !y descri$ 8 figure on ! bea*4 ,!y /ill 7 s mu* "u ! influ5ce ( ! impression lately made ^u !m by ! mighty p]sonality :o ) my/]i\s maje/y _h di/ribut$ to ! multitude sacr$ food & !n _h sudd5ly brok5 (f ! c]emony 7,mk #f3de-eb74 ,:i!r _h he s5t away ! multitude8 ,:at did !y d at ,be?saida8 ,h[ long did !y /ay !re8 ,our text m]ely rec\nts t !y return$ aga9 to ,g5ez>e?4 ,at ?is po9t1 h[ev]1 we enc\nt] a difficult lit]>y problem1 9 ! ,synoptical n>rative ( ! p]iod imm$iately prec$+ ! dep>ture = ,j]usalem 7,mk #i3cj74 pg #age ,accord+ to ,mk #h3bg-cc1 ,jesus is n[ alone ) 8 ,disciples f> away 9 ! nor?1 9 hea!n t]ritory1--f :i* po9t also he sets out on ! rapid m>* ?r\gh ,galilee to ,j]usalem 7,mk #i3cj ff473 8,& !y w5t =? f !nce & pass$ ?r\gh ,galilee1 & he w\ld n t any man %\ld "k x40 ,betwe5 ! disclosure ( 8 messiah%ip & ?is dep>ture !re int]v5es only "o sc5e 7,mk #h3cd- #i3bi71 :]e he appe>s surr\nd$ by a great multitude ( p4 ,9 company ) ! ?ree intimate ,disciples he leaves ! multitude1 only to return to !m %ortly aga94 ,x is n[h]e rec\nt$ h[ ?is multitude sudd5ly gets to him 9 hea!n t]ritory4 ,& j z little are we in=m$ h[ x leaves him aga91 s t 7accord+ to ,mk #i3cj ff47 he c m>* ?r\gh ,galilee alone ) 8 ,disciples & unrecognis$4 ,b x is n only ! multitude t appe>s unexpect$ly3 ! :ole sc5]y also is alt]$4 ,"o f9ds oneself 9 a famili> region1 = ,jesus ent]s ) 8 ,disciples 8into ! h\se10 :ile ! p /ay )\t 7,mk #i3bh76 ,! lit]>y context 9 :i* ! section /&s is absolutely impossible1 = ?is _c h be5 enact$ 9 hea!n t]ritory1 pg #agf b only 9 ,galilee6 ,b z ,jesus subsequ5tly _h only a fleet+ contact ) ,galilee1 pass+ ?r\gh x incognito1 ?is piece belongs 9 ! ,galilean p]iod be=e ! dep>ture = ! nor?1 & m precisely1 at ! "t ( ! return ( ! ,disciples1 = x is !n t he 0 con/antly surr\nd$ by a ?rong ( p & 0 seek+ to be 9 solitude ) 8 ,disciples6 ,! situation1 h[ev] may confid5tly be def9$ ) /ill great] exactness4 ,jesus dwelt 9 a village 7,mk #i3bh7 9 ! neighb\rhood ( :i* !re 0 a m\nta9 to :i* he betook himself ) ! ?ree ,disciples 7,mk #i3b74 ,all ?is agrees1 h[ev]1 mo/ c]ta9ly ) ! soj\rn 9 ,be?saida4 ,! m\nta9 :i* he seeks ) ! ,?ree is ! m\nta9 on ! nor? %ore ( ! lake :]e he pray$ 9 ! night :5 he came to ,be?saida6 ,! passage ,mk #h3cd- #i3bi belongs !re=e 9 ! days at ,be?saida6 ,x is no long] possible to make out by :at process x came into ! pres5t impossible context4 ,! adoption ( ! pres5t ord] may h be5 prompt$ 9 "p by ! consid]ation t ! impressive ^w ab\t ! obligation ( foll[+ ,jesus 9 suff]+ 7,mk #h3cd- #i3a7 seem$ to =m a mo/ natural conclusion to pg #agg ! pr$iction ( ! ,passion at ,cs>ea ,philippi 7,mk #h3ca-cc74 ,moreov] ! trans=mation ( ! acc\nt ( ,jesus meet+ 8 ,disciples at _! l&+ into a miracle made x difficult to effect a natural connection ) ! ev5ts :i* occurr$ ! foll[+ morn+4 ,& yet ,mk #h3cd ff4 may fairly be said to imply su* measures z 7 adopt$ ! ev5+ be=e 7,mk #f3de-dg74 ,jesus _h dismiss$ ! p1 _h himself retir$ to solitude1 & :ile x 0 yet night _h ov]tak5 8 ,disciples at ,be?saida1 :]e !y f\nd lodg+ 9 a h\se 7,mk #i3bh74 ,! next day he calls ! p ab\t him ) ! ,disciples 7,mk #h3cd7 & speaks to !m ab\t ! requirem5t ( self-d5ial on ! "p ( 8 foll[]s1 read9ess to endure %ame1 scorn1 ridicule1 r ?an prove untrue to him4 ,?is conduct is ju/ifi$ by ! ne>ness ( ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man1 :o w p]=m judgm5t 9 ! p]son ( ,jesus4 ,?is admonition concludes ) a ^w ab\t 8! com+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god ) p[]10 i4 e4 ! es*atological realisation ( x4 ,9 its pres5t =m x is ton$ d[n3 "s ( !m t /& by %all n ta/e ( dea? till t mom5t arrive4 ,z ! conclusion ( ?is address1 h[ev]1 x pg #agh mu/ h run3 ,ye :o /& "h %all soon exp]i5ce ! great mom5t ( ! mighty dawn ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god6 ,?us ?is e>ne/ address at ,be?saida reflects ! expectations :i* /irr$ ,jesus & ! ?rong ab\t him4 ,six days aft] t address at ,be?saida ,jesus took ) him ! ,?ree & l$ !m to ! m\nta9 :]e he _h pray$ 9 solitude at ev5+ aft] ! great cultus-meal 9 common4 ,at _! return !y f9d ! o!r ,disciples surr\nd$ by ! p4 ,9 spite ( ! au?ority ov] demons ( :i* !y _h made pro( dur+ _! progress ?r\gh ! cities ( ,israel1 !y 7 n[ n able to ma/] a demoniac boy :o 0 br\ght to !m4 ,jesus takes ! fa!r & boy ap>t4 ,! v mom5t t ! p come runn+ toge!r 7,mk #i3be-bg7 ! crisis beg9s1 aft] :i* ,jesus takes by ! h& ! lad1 :o 0 ly+ z dead1 & raises him up4 ,?is passage1 !re=e1 :i* has be5 wre/$ s /rangely out ( its connection1 conta9s a /rik+ acc\nt ( ! fir/ & la/ days ( ! week :i* ,jesus pass$ 9 ,be?saida betwe5 ! return ( ! ,disciples & ! dep>ture = ! nor?4 ,x w n[ be p]fectly cle> h[ unhi/oric pg #agi is ! view t ,jesus left ,galilee 9 consequ5ce ( gr[+ opposition & spread+ defection4 ,on ! contr>y1 ?is is ! p]iod ( 8 highe/ triumph4 ,a multitude ( p ) fai? 9 ! ,k+dom ?rong$ him & pursu$ him ev]y:]e4 ,h>dly has he l&$ ^u ! we/ coa/ b !y are already !re4 ,_! numb] has gr[n /ill great] & increases m & m 7,mk #f3ec-ef74 ,t !y des]t$ him1 t !y ev5 %[$ ! lea/ motion ( d\bt or defection1 ! texts give no intimation4 ,x 0 n ! p t des]t$ ,jesus b ,jesus t des]t$ ! p4 ,?is he did1 n out ( any fe> ( ! emiss>ies f ,j]usalem1 b only z c>ry+ out :at he already _h 9 m9d s9ce ! return ( ! ,disciples4 ,he wi%es to be alone4 ,! p _h defeat$ ?is aim by foll[+ him along ! %ore z he sail$4 ,:5 he _h return$ to ! we/ coa/ he f\nd himself aga9 surr\nd$4 ,because he felt x absolutely necess>y to be alone ) ! ,disciples1 & because he 0 n able to effect ?is purpose 9 ,galilee1 = ?is cause he sudd5ly vani%$ & betook himself into hea!n t]ritory4 ,! j\rney into ! nor? c\ntry is n a flight1 r x has ! same motive z ! voyage on ! lake4 pg #ahj ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,messiah%ip #a4 ,f ! ,m\nt ( ,transfiguration to ,cs>ea ,philippi ,,com+ aft] ,cs>ea ,philippi ! ,transfiguration is an obscure episode devoid ( hi/orical significance4 ,! ,?ree le>n no m ab\t ,jesus ?an ,pet] _h already confess$ 9 ! pres5ce ( ! ,twelve & ,jesus himself _h confirm$4 ,?us ! :ole section is pla9ly an intrusion3 ! apo!osis & obscure dialogue h no hi/orical significance4 ,if1 h[ev]1 z has be5 prov$ above by lit]>y evid5ce1 ?is sc5e 0 enact$ "s weeks aft] ! mission ( ! ,twelve & be=e ,cs>ea ,philippi--n ^u ! m\nta9 ( ! leg5d1 b on ! m\nta9 9 ! lonely region by ! sea%ore ne> ,be?saida1--!n we behold an idle add5dum trans=m$ at "o /roke into a ,galilean occurr5ce ( f> rea*+ hi/orical importance1 :i* expla9s ! sc5e at ,cs>ea ,philippi1 & n vice v]sa4 ,:at we call pg #aha ! ,transfiguration is 9 reality no?+ else b ! revelation ( ! secret ( messiah%ip to ! ,?ree4 ,a few weeks lat] comes !n its disclosure to ! ,twelve4 ,?is revelation to ! ,?ree is h&$ d[n to u 9 ! =m ( a miracle-tale4 ,x has und]gone ! same trans=mation z h all ! incid5ts ( t voyage along ! nor? coa/4 ,! sc5e on ! m\nta91 l ! fe$+ ( ! multitude & ! enc\nt] ( ,jesus ) 8 disciples at dusk1 be>s evid5t m>ks ( ! int5se es*atological excitem5t ( ! mom5t4 ,= ?is reason ! hi/orical facts are no long] cle> 9 detail4 ,!re appe> unto !m ,moses & ,elijah1 ! two *>act]s mo/ prom95tly associat$ ) ! expectation ( ! la/ times4 ,to :at ext5t may ec/atic conditions1 & p]haps glossolalia1 h contribut$ to ?is exp]i5ce8 ,! pres5t =m ( ! /ory p]mits u to inf] some?+ ( ! sort 7,mk #i3b-f74 ,does ! voice out ( ! cl\d 7,mk #i3g1 8,?is is my belov$ ,son1 he> ye him07 repeat 9 "s sort ,jesus' exp]i5ce at 8 baptism8 ,!re is 9 fact an inw>d connection betwe5 ! ,baptism & ! ,transfiguration4 ,9 bo? cases a condition ( ec/asy accompanies ! revelation ( ! secret ( ,jesus' pg #ahb p]son4 ,! fir/ "t ! revelation 0 = him alone2 "h ! ,disciples also %>e x4 ,x is n cle> to :at ext5t !y !mselves 7 transport$ by ! exp]i5ce4 ,s mu* is sure1 t 9 a daz$ condition1 out ( :i* !y awake only at ! end ( ! sc5e 7,mk #i3h71 ! figure ( ,jesus appe>s to !m illum9at$ by a sup]natural light & glory1 & a voice intimates t he is ! ,son ( ,god4 ,! occurr5ce c be expla9$ only z ! outcome ( great es*atological excitem5t4 ,x is rem>kable t ! revelation ( ! secret ( ,jesus' messiah%ip appe>s always to be connect$ ) su* conditions4 ,at ,p5teco/1 :5 ,pet] op5ly proclaim$ ,jesus z ! ,*ri/1 we h an example ( glossolalia4 ,pet]1 to be sure1 _h already _h a ta/e ( su* an exp]i5ce z ! revelation 0 made to him on ! m\nta9 ne> ,be?saida4 ,paul also 0 9 a /ate ( ec/asy :5 he he>d ! voice be=e ! ,damascus gate4 ,x has be5 %[n above t no "o c\ld conclude f ,jesus' spee* or behavi\r t he reg>ds himself z ! ,messiah4 ,prop]ly ! "q is n1 h[ ! p c\ld rema9 ignorant ( ,jesus' messianic claim1 b h[ ,pet] at ,cs>ea ,philippi pg #ahc & ! ,high ,prie/ at ! trial c\ld come into possession ( ?is secret4 ,! ,transfiguration answ]s ! fir/ "q4 ,pet] knew t ,jesus is ! 8,son ( ,god0 ?r\gh ! revelation :i* he 9 common ) ! two o!r ,disciples receiv$ on ! m\nta9 ne> ,be?saida4 ,= ?is reason he answ]$ ! "q ) su* confid5ce 7,mk #h3bi74 ,! text ( ,/4 ,mat!w's ,gospel records an additional say+ ( ,jesus :i* seems to allude to ! v exp]i5ce 9 :i* ?is k 0 sup]naturally imp>t$ to ,pet]3 8,bless$ art ?\1 ,simon ,b>-,jonah3 = fle% & blood ha? n reveal$ x unto !e1 b my ,fa!r :i* is 9 heav50 7,mt #af3ag74 ,moreov]1 ! sc5e :i* foll[s ^u ,pet]'s answ] cle>ly has to d ) a secret common to him & to ,jesus4 ,:5 ,jesus disclos$ t he mu/ die 9 ,j]usalem ,pet] turns ^u him impetu\sly1 takes him ap>t1 & speaks to him 9 excit$ tones4 ,z ,jesus sees t ! o!r ,disciples are att5tive he abruptly turns away f ,pet] ) a %>p ^w1 call+ him ! ,tempt]1 :o m9ds n ! ?+s ( ,god b ! ?+s ( m5 7,mk #h3cb & #h3cc74 ,:y ?is agitation ( ,pet] ov] ,jesus' disclosure ab\t ! fatal j\rney to ,j]usalem8 pg #ahd ,because x comes z a new factor1 above & beyond :at 0 disclos$ on ! m\nta9 ne> ,be?saida4 ,ab\t t exp]i5ce he d>e n speak 9 ! pres5ce ( ! o!r ,disciples1 because ,jesus _h =bidd5 x4 ,= ?is reason he takes ,jesus ap>t4 ,jesus1 h[ev]1 see+ t ! o!r ,disciples are li/5+1 _c expla9 matt]s to him1 & s ) passionate abruptness enjo9s sil5ce4 ,only ! connection ) ! =ego+ ,transfiguration expla9s ! *>act]i/ic traits ( ! sc5e at ,cs>ea ,philippi4 ,psy*ological obs]vations ab\t ! quick appreh5sion & lively temp]am5t ( ,pet]--! common exp$i5ts ( mod]n int]pretation--d n 9 fact beg9 to expla9 :y he alone %\ld arrive ) su* confid5ce at ! k ( ,jesus' messiah%ip1 only to fall a mom5t lat] into su* misund]/&+ t he gets into an excit$ dispute ) ,jesus4 ,:y d !y bo? g ap>t toge!r8 ,:y1 in/ead ( in/ruct+ him1 does ,jesus leave him !re ) a h>d ^w ( rebuke8 ,tak5 by itself ! :ole sc5e at ,cs>ea ,philippi is an enigma4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we assume t ! ,transfiguration prec$$ x1 ! enigma is solv$ & ! sc5e is illum9at$ pg #ahe d[n to ! smalle/ details4 ,! revelation to ! ,twelve 0 prec$$ by ! disclosure to ! ,?ree ( ! secret ( ,jesus' messiah%ip4 #b4 ,! ,futuri/ic ,"* ( ,jesus' ,messiah%ip4 ,mean:ile ! revelation ( ! secret ( 8 messiah%ip alt]s no?+ 9 ! behavi\r ( ! ,disciples to ,jesus4 ,!y d n s9k be=e him 9 ! du/ z if n[ ! man :om !y _h kn[n 0 become a sup]human be+4 ,!y only manife/ 9 consequ5ce ( ?is revelation a c]ta9 awe4 ,!y d>e n int]rogate him :5 !y fail to und]/& 8 words 7,mk #i3cb71 & z !y company ) him !y appe> to be aw>e t he c>ries )9 him a great secret4 ,are we to imag9e !n t aft] ?is revelation ( 8 secret ,jesus 0 h5ce=? reg>d$ by 8 disciples z ! ,messiah8 ,no1 n yet 0 he ! ,messiah4 ,x mu/ con/antly be kept 9 m9d t ! ,k+dom & ! ,messiah are correlative t]ms :i* belong insep>ably toge!r4 ,n[ if ! ,k+dom 0 n yet come1 nei!r 0 ! ,messiah4 ,jesus' disclosure _h ref]5ce to ! "t ( ! dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,:5 pg #ahf t h\r %all /rike1 !n %all he appe> z ,messiah1 !n %all 8 messiah%ip be reveal$ 9 glory4 ,su* 0 ! secret :i* he solemnly made kn[n to 8 disciples4 ,jesus' messiah%ip 0 a secret1 n m]ely because he _h =bidd5 x to be spok51 b 9 its v nature x 0 a secret1 inasmu* z x c\ld be realis$ only at a def9ite "t 9 ! future4 ,x 0 a conception :i* c\ld be =mulat$ fully only 9 8 own consci\sness4 ,:]e=e ! p c\ld n und]/& x--& ne$ n "k any?+ ab\t x4 ,x 0 en\gh if by 8 ^w & 8 signs he might conv]t !m to fai? 9 ! ne>ness ( ! k+dom1 = ) ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom 8 messiah%ip w\ld be manife/4 ,x is almo/ impossible to express 9 mod]n t]ms ! consci\sness ( messiah%ip :i* ,jesus imp>t$ z a secret to 8 ,disciples4 ,:e!r we describe x z an id5tity betwe5 him & ! ,son ( ,man :o is to appe>1 :e!r we express x z a cont9uity :i* unites bo? p]sonalities1 or ?9k ( x z virtually a pre-exi/5t messiah%ip1--none ( ^! mod]n conceptions c r5d] ! consci\sness ( ,jesus z ! ,disciples und]/ood x4 ,:at we lack is ! 8,n[ & ,!n0 pg #ahg :i* dom9at$ _! ?9k+ & :i* expla9s a curi\s duality ( consci\sness t 0 *>act]i/ic ( !m4 ,:at we might call id5tity1 cont9uity1 & pot5tiality 0 9 _! m9d conf\nd$ 9 a conception :i* q eludes our grasp4 ,e p]son figur$ himself 9 two entirely diff]5t /ates1 accord+ z he ?\ght ( himself n[1 9 ! pre-messianic age1 or !n 9 ! messianic4 ,expressions :i* we int]pret only 9 accordance ) our unity ( consci\sness1 !y ref]r$ z a matt] ( c\rse to ! d\ble consci\sness famili> to !m4 ,!re=e :5 ,jesus reveal$ to !m ! secret ( 8 messiah%ip1 t did n mean to !m t he is ! ,messiah1 z we mod]ns mu/ und]/& x2 r x signifi$ = !m t _! ,"l & ,ma/] 0 ! "o :o 9 ! messianic age w\ld be reveal$ z ,messiah4 ,!y ?9k ( !mselves also 9 t]ms ( ?is d\ble consci\sness4 ,z (t5 z ,jesus made kn[n to !m ! necessity ( 8 suff]+ be=e ent]+ ^u 8 rule !y que/ion$ )9 !mselves :at mann] ( p]sons !y %\ld be 9 ! com+ age4 ,:]e=e1 foll[+ ^u ! prophecies ( ! ,passion we f9d rivalry among ! ,disciples z to :i* %all be ! greate/ 9 ! pg #ahh ,k+dom1 or to :om %all be accord$ ! seats ( hon\r on ei!r side ( ! ?rone4 ,9 ! mean:ile1 h[ev]1 !y rema9 :at !y are1 & ,jesus rema9s :at he is1 _! ,tea*] & ,ma/]4 ,! sons ( ,zeb$ee address him z 8,ma/]0 7,mk #aj3ce74 ,z ,tea*] !y expect him to give promise & assurance ( :at %all come to pass :5 ! ,k+dom dawns & 8 messiah%ip is reveal$4 ,9 ?is s5se1 !n1 ,jesus' messianic consci\sness is futuri/ic4 ,!re 0 no?+ /range 9 ?is ei!r = him or = 8 ,disciples4 ,on ! contr>y1 x correspond$ exactly to ! ,jewi% conception ( ! hidd5 life & lab\r ( ! ,messiah4 7,cf4 ,web]3 ,sy/em d] altsynagogal5 ,!ologie1 #ahhj1 pp4 #cdb-ddf74 ,! c\rse ( ,jesus' e>?ly life prec$$ 8 messiah%ip 9 glory4 ,! ,messiah 9 8 e>?ly e/ate mu/ live & lab\r unrecognis$1 he mu/ tea*1 & ?r\gh de$ & suff]+ he mu/ be made p]fect 9 righte\sness4 ,n till !n %all ! messianic age dawn ) ! ,la/ ,judgm5t & ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! ,messiah mu/ come f ! nor?4 ,jesus' m>* f ,cs>ea ,philippi to ,j]usalem 0 ! progress ( ! unrecognis$ ,messiah to 8 triumph 9 glory4 pg #ahi ,?us 9 ! mid/ ( ! messianic expectation ( 8 p /ood ,jesus z ! ,messiah t is to be4 ,he d>e n reveal himself to !m1 = ! season ( 8 hidd5 lab\r 0 n yet ov]4 ,h5ce he prea*$ ! ne> approa* ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,x 0 ?is futuri/ic consci\sness ( messiah%ip :i* prompt$ ,jesus 9 ! ,temple to t\* ^u ! messianic dogma ( ! ,scribes1 z ?\gh he w\ld call _! att5tion to ! secret :i* lurks beh9d x4 ,! ,ph>isees say1 8,! ,messiah is ,david's ,son20 b ,david calls him 8 ,"l4 ,h[ c he /ill be 8 ,son 7,mk #ab3ce-cg78 ,! ,messiah is ,david's ,son--t is1 subord9ate to him--s9ce 9 ?is era he is born ( human p>5tage & lives & lab\rs 9 obscurity4 ,david's ,"l1 because at ! dawn ( ! com+ era he w be reveal$ z ,*ri/ 9 glory4 ,jesus has no notion ( impea*+ ! ph>isaic dogma4 ,x is correct1 ! ,scripture s tea*es4 ,only1 ! ,ph>isees !mselves _c prop]ly int]pret _! dogma1 & s _c expla9 h[ ! ,messiah c be 9 "o in/ance ,david's ,son & 9 ano!r1 ,david's ,"l4 ,?is say+ ( ,jesus to ! p 9 ! ,temple--7only ,mat!w has made ( pg #aij x an emb>rass+ polemic7--is on a l9e ) 8 utt]ance ab\t ! ,bapti/4 ,:oev] c\ld appreh5d ) :at au?ority ,john baptis$--t is1 ) ! p[] & au?ority ( ,elijah1--:oev] c\ld und]/& h[ ! ,messiah c\ld be 9 "o in/ance ,david's son1 9 ano!r ,david's ,"l1--he mu/ "k also :o he is t s speaks4 ,he t ha? e>s to he>1 let him he>6 #c4 ,! ,son ( ,man & ! ,futuri/ic ,"* ( ,jesus' ,messiah%ip4 ,! expression 8,son ( ,david0 conta9s an enigma4 ,!re=e ,jesus nev] us$ x 9 speak+ ( 8 messiah%ip1 b always ref]s to himself z ! 8,son ( ,man40 ,consequ5tly ?is designation mu/ h be5 peculi>ly apt z a r5d]+ ( 8 messianic consci\sness4 ,x is evid5t t he *ose ?is t]m delib]ately4 ,e o!r messianic designation t is appli$ to him he corrects & int]prets by 8,son ( ,man40 ,z !y desc5d f ! m\nta9 :]e ! ,disciples _h come to recognise him z ! ,son ( ,god he speaks ( himself z ! 8,son ( ,man0 7,mk #i3g-i74 ,pet] proclaim$ him be=e ! o!rs z 8! ,ano9t$ "o0 7,mk #h3bi74 ,jesus imm$iately pg #aia proce$s to in/ruct !m ab\t ! fate ( ! 8,son ( ,man0 7,mk #h3ca74 8,art ?\ ! ,*ri/ ! ,son ( ! ,bless$80 ! ,high ,prie/ ask$ him 7,mk #ad3fa74 8,ye %all see ! ,son ( ,man sitt+ at ! "r h& ( p[] & com+ ) ! cl\ds ( heav510 is ,jesus' answ]4 ,t signifies1 ,yes4 ,! same expression occurs 9 ! second & 9 ! ?ird prophecy ( ! ,passion 7,mk #i3cj-cb & ,mk #aj3cb-cd7 & 9 ! say+ ab\t s]v+ 7,mk #aj3de74 ,! messianic title 8,son ( ,man0 is futuri/ic 9 "*4 ,x ref]s to ! mom5t 9 :i* ! ,messiah %all come ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 = judgm5t4 ,f ! beg9n+ ?is 0 ! s5se 9 :i* ,jesus _h us$ ! expression1 :e!r 9 speak+ to ! p or to ! ,disciples4 ,9 s5d+ out 8 ,apo/les he w>n$ !m ( ! imp5d+ approa* ( ! day ( ! ,son ( ,man 7,mt #aj3bc74 ,he spoke to ! p ( ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man z an exhortation to be fai?ful to him1 ,jesus 7,mk #h3ch74 ,)al1 he & ! ,son ( ,man rema9 = ! p & = ! ,disciples two entirely di/9ct p]sonalities4 ,! "o is a t]re/rial1 ! o!r a cele/ial figure2 ! "o belongs to ! age t n[ is1 ! o!r to ! messianic p]iod4 ,betwe5 ! two !re exi/s pg #aib solid>ity1 inasmu* z ! ,son ( ,man w int]v5e 9 behalf ( su* z h rang$ !mselves on ! side ( ,jesus1 ! h]ald ( 8 com+4 ,^! are ! passages "o mu/ take z ! po9t ( dep>ture 9 ord] to und]/& ! significance ( ?is expression 9 ,jesus' m\?4 ,jesus & ! ,son ( ,man are diff]5t p]sons = su* z d n "k 8 secret4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 to :om he has reveal$ 8 secret are aw>e ( a p]sonal connection betwe5 ! two4 ,jesus x is :o at ! messianic day %all appe> z ! ,son ( ,man4 ,! revelation at ,cs>ea ,philippi consi/s 9 ?is1 t ,jesus reveals to 8 ,disciples 9 :at p]sonal relation%ip he /&s to ! com+ ,son ( ,man4 ,z ! "o :o is to be ! ,son ( ,man he c confirm ,pet]'s confession ( him z ! ,messiah4 ,8 reply to ! ,high ,prie/ is affirmative 9 ! same s5se4 ,he is ! ,messiah--t !y w see :5 he appe>s z ! ,son ( ,man ^u ! cl\ds ( heav54 8,son ( ,man0 is accord+ly ! adequate expression ( 8 messiah%ip1 s long z he1 9 ?is e>?ly on z ,jesus ( ,naz>e?1 has occasion to ref] to 8 future dignity4 ,h5ce :5 he speaks to ! ,disciples ab\t himself z ! ,son ( ,man he assumes ?is pg #aic duality ( consci\sness4 8,! ,son ( ,man mu/ suff] & w !n rise f ! dead30 t is to say1 8,z ! "o :o is to be ,son ( ,man at ! resurrection ( ! dead ,i mu/ suff]40 ,to ! same effect we mu/ und]/& ! ^w ab\t s]v+3 ,z ! "o :o 9 ! "* ( ! ,son ( ,man is de/9$ to ! highe/ rule ,i mu/ n[ humble myself to ! l[lie/ s]vice 7,mk #aj3de74 ,!re=e he says :5 !y come to arre/ him3 ,! h\r is come 9 ! :i* he :o is to be ! ,son ( ,man mu/ be deliv]$ into ! h&s ( s9n]s 7,mk #ad3ba1 #da74 ,! problem ab\t ! ,son ( ,man is h]e) elucidat$4 ,x 0 n an expression :i* ,jesus commonly us$ to describe himself1 b a solemn title :i* he adopt$ :5 9 ! great mom5ts ( 8 life he spoke ab\t himself to ! initiat$ z ! future ,messiah1 :ile be=e ! o!rs he spoke ( ! ,son ( ,man z a p]sonality di/9ct f himself4 ,9 all cases1 h[ev]1 ! context %[s t he is speak+ ( "o :o is yet to come1 = 9 all ^! passages m5tion is made ei!r ( ! ,resurrection or ( ! appe>+ ^u ! cl\ds ( heav54 ,! philological objections d n !re=e apply "h4 ,initiat$ & un9itiat$ mu/ und]/& f ! situation t he is speak+ pg #aid ( a def9ite p]sonality ( ! future1--& n ( man 9 g5]al1 ev5 ?\gh ! expression 9 bo? cases w\ld be ! same4 ,! case is entirely diff]5t ) ano!r set ( passages :]e ! expression occurs arbitr>ily z a pure self-designation1 a r\ndab\t way ( say+ 8,i40 ,"h all critical & philological objections are ?or\ghly 9 place4 ,mt #h3bj1--,! ,son ( ,man ha? n :]e to lay 8 head4 ,mt #aa3ai1--,! ,son ( ,man is come eat+ & dr9k+ 79 contra/ to ! ,bapti/74 ,mt #ab3cb1--;,blasphemy aga9/ ! ,holy ,_s is a worse crime ?an speak+ evil ( ! ,son ( ,man4 ,mt #ab3dj1--,! ,son ( ,man w be ?ree days 9 ! e>?1 l ,jonah 9 ! belly ( ! fi%4 ,mt #ac3cg1 #da1--,! ,son ( ,man is ! ,s[]2 ! ,son ( ,man is ! "l ( ! reap]s4 ,mt #af3ac1--,:o d ! p say t ! ,son ( ,man is8 ,"h ! expression is philologically impossible4 ,= if ,jesus _h s us$ x1 8 he>]s mu/ simply h und]/ood him to pg #aie mean 8man40 ,!re is no?+ "h to indicate t ! ^w is meant to express a future messianic dignity6 ,"h 9 fact he designates by x 8 actual pres5t condition6 ,b 8,son ( ,man0 is a messianic title ( futuri/ic "*1 s9ce x always sugge/s a com+ ^u ! cl\ds1 accord+ to ,daniel #g3ac-ad4 ,fur!rmore1 9 all ( ^! passages ! ,disciples are z yet ignorant ( ,jesus' secret4 ,= !m ! ,son ( ,man is /ill an entirely di/9ct p]son4 ,! unity ( ! subject is /ill completely unkn[n to !m4 ,!re=e !y 7 n 9 a position to und]/& t by ?is t]m he ref]s to himself1 b !y mu/ ref] ev]y?+ to t ,son ( ,man ( ^: com+ he also spoke else:]e4 ,!re)1 h[ev]1 ! passages w\ld be mean+less1 = !y imply t ,jesus is ?us speak+ ( himself4 ,hi/orically & philologically x is !re=e impossible t ,jesus c\ld h employ$ ! expression z a purposeless & matt] ( c\rse self-designation4 ,ev5 z a self-designation ref]able to ! future messianic dignity t 0 to be 81 only !y c\ld und]/& x :o knew 8 secret4 ,h5ce all ! passages are unhi/orical 9 :i*1 previ\s to ,cs>ea ,philippi 7or1 = ! ,?ree1 previ\s to ! ,transfiguration71 pg #aif he designates himself z ,son ( ,man4 ,only ^? 9 t p]iod are hi/orical 9 :i* he speaks ( ! ,son ( ,man z a figure yet to come1 n id5tical ) himself 7,mt #aj3bc & ,mk #h3ch74 ,! passages cit$ above1 9 :i* ! expression is us$ )\t its prop] significance z a m]e self-designation1 are !re=e n hi/orical1 b are compreh5sible only z ! result ( a lit]>y process4 ,h[ does x come ab\t t a lat] p]iod ( ,gospel composition reg>d$ ?is expression z 8,jesus' self-designation08 ,?is 0 due to a %ift+ ( ! p]spective4 ,x is obs]vable f ! mom5t :5 m5 began to write ! hi/ory ( ,jesus ^u ! assumption t on e>? he 0 already ! ,messiah4 ,f t "t on m5 lo/ consci\sness ( ! fact t = ! e>?ly exi/5ce ( ,jesus 8 v messiah%ip 0 some?+ future1 & t by ! v expression ,son ( ,man he designat$ himself z ! future ,messiah4 ,s9ce1 !n1 x 0 an hi/oric fact t he spoke ( himself z ! ,son ( ,man1 ! writ]s appropriat$ ?is emphatic t]m & )\t suspect+ t x 0 appropriate only 9 c]ta9 say+s & 9 def9ite situations1 !y employ$ x indiff]5tly 9 any passage :]e ,jesus spoke ( himself1--& !reby pg #aig creat$ ^! philological & hi/orical impossibilities4 ,?is errone\s use 0 due !re=e to a lit]>y developm5t ( m>k$ly second>y "*4 ,9 ?is respect x 0 l ! unhi/orical use ( ! expression 8,son ( ,david0 by ,mat!w4 ,x agrees !reto t ! 8,son ( ,man0 passages "h 9 "q belong likewise to a second>y /ratum ( ,/4 ,mat!w's ,gospel4 ,:at *iefly reveals _! second>y "* is3 ! trans=mation ( ! simple "q ask$ at ,cs>ea ,philippi 7,mt #af3ac72 ! application ( ! p>able ( ! s[] 7,mt #ac3cg1 #da72 & ! false int]pretation ( ! say+ ab\t ,jonah 7,mt #ab3dj74 ,no less second>y is ! =mulation ( ! spee* ab\t ! s9 aga9/ ! ,holy ,gho/1 :]e a contra/ is drawn betwe5 blasphemy aga9/ ! ,holy ,gho/ & aga9/ ! ,son ( ,man 7,mt #ab3cb71 :]eas 9 ,jesus' ?\ght bo? came to ! same ?+1 s9ce x 0 a "q ( consci\s h>d5+ aga9/ ! p[] ( ! com+ ,k+dom :i* work$ 9 him4 ,9 ! passages ,mt #h3bj & ,mt #aa3ai ! expression is arbitr>ily us$1 = ,jesus m]ely wi%es to say3 ,i h n[h]e to lay my head2 &1 ,i eat & dr9k1 9 contra/ to ! ascetic practice ( ! ,bapti/4 pg #aih ,x is q a diff]5t case :i* is pres5t$ by ! two unhi/orical 8,son ( ,man0 passages 9 ,/4 ,m>k's ,gospel4 ,mk #b3aj--,! ,son ( ,man ha? au?ority to =give s9s ^u e>?4 ,mk #b3bh--,! ,son ( ,man is "l ( ! ,sabba?4 ,! second>y "* appe>s 9 ! fact t ,jesus is suppos$ to h us$ ! expression "h z a self-designation4 ,! hi/orical fact is t he us$ x 9 t connection 9 ! ?ird p]son1 ref]r+ ei!r to ! ,son ( ,man z an es*atological figure1 or to man 9 g5]al4 ,9 ei!r case x makes s5se4 #a4 ,man z su* c by works ( heal+ decl>e ! =giv5ess ( s9s ^u e>?4 ,man z man is "l ( ! ,sabba?4 #b4 ,9 view ( ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man =giv5ess ( s9s is already available1 z ! works ( heal+ %[4 ,9 view ( ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man a high] factor already em]ges to modify ! legali/ic obs]vance ( ! ,sabba?4 ,! ,law yields to some?+ high]4 ,! case ( ,david %[s x4 ,h[ev] "o may expla9 ^! passages1 pg #aii "o ?+ is cle>3 ! expression did actually occur "h & did someh[ modify ,jesus' /atem5t4 ,! only second>y trait appe>s 9 ! use ( ! expression z a self-designation1 :]eas 9 fact ,jesus spoke ( man 9 g5]al or ( ! ,son ( ,man4 ,^! passages1 !re=e1 are on ! ?re%old betwe5 ! hi/orical & ! lit]>y-unhi/orical use ( ! "n 8,son ( ,man40 ,we c n[ und]/& ! peculi> difficulty ( ! 8,son ( ,man0 problem4 ,hi!rto1 ! deep] ! inve/igation w5t1 s mu* ! fur!r ! solution seem$ to rec$e4 ,?is 0 due to ! fact t no am\nt ( reflection c\ld effect ! sep>ation ( passages ( su* unequal wor?4 ,?us ! lit]>y & hi/orical sides ( ! problem rema9$ conf\nd$ ) "o ano!r4 ,! mom5t1 h[ev]1 ! discov]y is made1 f ! /udy ( ,jesus' messianic consci\sness1 t ! expression ,son ( ,man is ! only "o by :i* he c\ld utt] ! secret ( 8 future dignity1 ! sep>ation is giv54 ,all ^? passages are hi/orical :i* %[ ! influ5ce ( ! apocalyptic ref]5ce to ! ,son ( ,man 9 ,daniel3 all are unhi/orical 9 :i* su* is n ! case4 ,at ! same "t ! %ift+ ( ! p]spective expla9s :y = writ]s ( a lat] g5]ation ?is pg #bjj expression 9 ,jesus' m\? c\ld h only ! significance ( an arbitr>y self-designation1 appropriate 9 all situations :]e he spoke ( himself4 ,f9ally1 ! la/ enigma is also solv$4 ,:y does ! expression disappe> f ! language ( ! primitive ,*ur*8 ,:y does no "o 7) exception ( ,acts #g3ef7 designate ! ,messiah by ! title ,son ( ,man1 not)/&+ t ,jesus _h us$ x exclusively to indicate 8 dignity8 ,?is is due to ! fact t 8,son ( ,man0 0 ! messianic expression = a cle>ly def9$ episode ( ! messianic drama4 ,! ,messiah 0 ! ,son ( ,man 9 ! mom5t ( 8 manife/ation ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 to reign 9 judgm5t ov] ! _w4 ,jesus ?\ght exclusively ( t mom5t1 s9ce only f t mom5t on 0 he = m5 ! ,messiah4 ,! primitive ,*ur*1 h[ev]1 see+ t a transitional p]iod int]v5$1 beheld ,jesus z ! ,messiah 9 heav5 above at ! "r h& ( ,god4 ,he 0 already ! ,messiah & did n h to become su* at ! mom5t ( ! appe>+ ( ! ,son ( ,man4 ,because ! p]spective 0 %ift$ "h also1 "o us$ ! g5]al expression 8,messiah0 in/ead ( ! title 8,son ( ,man0 :i* po9t$ to a p>ticul> sc5e4 pg #bja ,jesus w\ld h express$ himself inaccurately _h he said1 ,i am ! ,messiah1--= t he 0 to be only :5 he appe>$ 9 glory z ! ,son ( ,man4 ,! primitive ,*ur* w\ld h express$ itself inaccurately _h x said1 ,jesus is ! ,son ( ,man1--= aft] ! ,resurrection he 0 ! ,messiah at ! "r h& ( ,god1 ^: com+ z ,son ( ,man ! ,*ur* expect$4 #d4 ,! ,resurrection ( ! ,dead & ! ,futuri/ic ,"* ( ,jesus' ,messiah%ip4 ,:at is ! significance ( ! resurrection-prophecies8 ,x seems to u h>d to admit t ,jesus c\ld h =etold s precisely an ev5t ( t sort4 ,x seems mu* m plausible to suppose t g5]al utt]ances ( 8 ab\t a glory t await$ him 7 editorially trans=m$ ex ev5tu into pr$ictions ( ! ,resurrection4 ,su* criticism is 9 place s long z "o holds ! view t ! prophecy ( ! ,resurrection ref]r$ to an isolat$ ev5t 9 ! p]sonal hi/ory ( ,jesus4 ,s x appe>s1 h[ev]1 only to our mod]n consci\sness1 because we ?9k unes*atologically ev5 9 ! matt] ( ! ,resurrection4 ,= ,jesus & 8 ,disciples1 on ! o!r h&1 ! pg #bjb ,resurrection :i* he spoke ab\t _h an entirely diff]5t significance4 ,x 0 a messianic ev5t :i* signifi$ ! dawn ( ! full glory t 0 to come4 ,we mu/ elim9ate f ! ,resurrection pr$ict$ by ,jesus all mod]n notions sugge/ive ( an apo!osis4 ,! contempor>y consci\sness und]/ood ?is 8,re/oration0 7,acts #c3ba7 z a revelation ( ,jesus' messiah%ip at ! dawn ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!re=e :5 ,jesus spoke ( 8 resurrection ! ,disciples ?\ght ( ! great messianic ,resurrection 9 :i* he z ! ,messiah w\ld be rais$ f ! dead4 ,! conv]sation dur+ ! desc5t f ! m\nta9 ( ,transfiguration is decisive on ?is po9t4 ,jesus spoke !n = ! fir/ "t to 8 mo/ intimate disciples ( 8! resurrection ( ! ,son ( ,man f ! dead0 7,mk #i3i74 ,!y1 h[ev]1 7 q unable to ?9k ( 8! resurrection ( ! ,son ( man0 ap>t f ! messianic ,resurrection4 ,_! att5tion 0 entirely occupi$ ) ! messianic ev5t :i* ,jesus' words sugge/$ to !m4 ,!y "q !re=e among !mselves ab\t ! ,resurrection ( ! dead4 ,:at %\ld t mean 7,mk #i3aj78 ,t is to say1 ! conditions !re(1 s f> z !y c see1 are n yet pg #bjc fulfill$4 ,elijah is n yet come 7,mk #i3aa74 ,jesus puts _! m9ds at re/ ) ! h9t t ,elijah _h already appe>$ ?\gh m5 did n recognise him4 ,he means ! ,bapti/ 7,mk #i3ab-ac74 ,?is conv]sation1 9 :i* o!rwise x is impossible to detect at all any reasonable sequ5ce ( ?\ght1 becomes p]fectly transp>5t & natural ! mom5t x is notic$ h[ ! ,disciples are unable to ?9k ( ! resurrection :i* ,jesus' words sugge/ except 9 ! same ?\ght ) ! g5]al messianic ,resurrection4 ,!re=e ?is talk dur+ ! desc5t f ! m\nta9 ?r[s a cle> light ^u ,jesus' lat] prophecies ( 8 ,passion & ,resurrection1 because we are "h 9 a position to obs]ve ! ?\ghts & que/ions :i* ^! words awak5 9 ! he>ts ( ! ,disciples4 ,moreov] ?is 8resurrection prophecy0 lacks ! m5tion ( ! ?ree days :i* furni%es precisely ! occasion = ! critical attitude t[>d ! subsequ5t prophecies ( ! ,passion4 ,9 ?is respect ! pr$iction dur+ ! desc5t agrees ?or\ghly ) ! la/ utt]ance be=e ! ,high ,prie/4 ,bo? lack ! def9ite indication ( ! "t :5 ! ,resurrection or ! appe>+ ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 %all take place4 ,9 ! pg #bjd messianic ev5t bo? correspond *ronologically3 resurrection & com+ on ! cl\ds signify only ! revelation ( ,jesus' messiah%ip on ! great ,resurrection ,day4 ,?is expectation ( ! es*atological ,resurrection ( ! dead rul$ ! consci\sness ( ,jesus & 8 contempor>ies4 ,he assumes x 9 8 disc\rses at ,j]usalem4 ,expectation ( ! ,k+dom & belief 9 ! approa*+ ,resurrection ( ! dead belong toge!r4 ,x is1 z we h already obs]v$1 an error 9 p]spective to repres5t ,jesus' ?\ght 9 reg>d to ! com+ ,k+dom z direct$ t[>d ! future z if x _h to d ) subsequ5t g5]ations4 ,s ! mod]n m9d ?9ks4 ,x 0 j ! opposite ) ,jesus4 ,! ,k+dom _h to d ) ! pa/ g5]ations4 ,!y rise up to meet ! ,judgm5t :i* inaugurates ! ,k+dom4 ,! ,resurrection ( ! dead is ! condition prec$5t to ! e/abli%m5t ( ! ,k+dom4 ,?r\gh x all g5]ations ( ! _w are lift$ out ( _! temporal sequ5ce & plac$ be=e ,god's judgm5t z contempor>ies4 ,= example1 su* a p>able ev5 z t ( ! ,"l's ,v9ey>d requires ! assumption ( ! ,resurrection ( ! dead 7,mk #ab3a-ab74 ,! :ole hi/ory ( pg #bje ,israel is !re describ$ 9 ! conduct ( ! husb&m54 ,jesus speaks ( ! g5]ations ( ,israel f ! days ( ! ,prophets unto ! p !n pres5t to :om 8 w>n+ is address$4 ,! p>able1 h[ev]1 pictures only "o g5]ation1 because :5 x is a "q ( ! ,judgm5t1 ! :ole p 9 its consecutive g5]ations appe>s be=e ,god z "o collective :ole1--:i* means t x is rais$ up z a :ole f ! dead4 ,9 ! same way x is to be expla9$ t ! p ( ,sodom ( a g5]ation long gone by are assur$ ( a m tol]able fate ?an ! pres5t inhabitants ( ,cap]naum 7,mt #aa3bc-bd74 ,^? :o believ$ 9 ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom believ$ also 9 ! approa*+ ,resurrection ( ! dead4 ,:]e=e ! attack ( ! ,sadducees 0 direct$ precisely aga9/ ?is po9t4 ,jesus' reply to !m1 t 8:5 !y %all rise f ! dead !y nei!r m>ry nor are giv5 9 m>riage1 b are z ! angels 9 heav50 7,mk #ab3be71 is to be und]/ood z descriptive ( conditions 9 ! ,k+dom ( heav51 into :i* !y ent] ?r\gh ! ,resurrection f ! dead4 ,! 8,resurrection ( ! dead0 01 9 pg #bjf f9e1 only ! mode 9 :i* ! trans=mation ( ! :ole =m ( exi/5ce 0 accompli%$ ^u ^? :o _h already succumb$ to dea?4 ,by ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 h[ev]1 ! e>?ly =m ( exi/5ce 9 g5]al mu/ be rais$ to ano!r & an incomp>ably high] e/ate4 ,f ?is po9t ( view1 ^? also are to exp]i5ce a 8resurrection0 :o be=e ! great ,ev5t h n succumb$ to dea?2 = by a high] p[] _! mode ( exi/5ce1 too1 w sudd5ly be trans=m$ into ano!r1 :i* !y w !n %>e ) ^? t h be5 awak5$ f dea?4 ,9 comp>ison ) ?is new =m ( exi/5ce ! =ego+ condition is a matt] ( indiff]5ce4 ,x is all "o :e!r f our e>?ly exi/5ce or f ! sleep ( dea? we pass into ! messianic mode ( be+4 ,9 comp>ison ) ! latt] all be+ is 8dea?40 ,x alone is 8life40 ,:]e=e1 to ! liv+1 ,jesus speaks ( ! way t leade? unto 8life0 7,mt #g3ad74 ,he c\nsels m5 r to "p ) a memb] ( ! body1 :5 8life0 is 9 "q1 ?an to fail ( ga9+ ?r\gh ! ,resurrection a "p 9 ! messianic exi/5ce 7,mt #ah3h1 #i74 ,! ri* "y man asks :at he mu/ d 8to inh]it et]nal life40 ,jesus pg #bjg is v sorr[ful :5 he w n foll[ ! c\nsel giv5 him1 because x is s h>d = a ri* man 8to ent] into ! ,k+dom ( heav50 7,mk #aj3ag1 #be74 ,?is disp>agem5t ( ! e>?ly =m ( exi/5ce goes to ! l5g? ( sacrific+ altoge!r ! e>?ly life = ! sake ( full assurance ( life 9 ! com+ age4 ,h5ce1 ) ! exhortation to foll[ him 9 suff]+ & reproa*1 ,jesus decl>es t 8:osoev] w\ld save 8 life %all lose x40 ,t is to say1 ,:osoev]1 ?r\gh anxiety ab\t 8 e>?ly exi/5ce1 makes himself unwor?y t ! ,son ( ,man int]v5e = him be=e ,god1 =feits !reby ! messianic life :i* comm5ces ) ! ,resurrection 7,mk #h3ce74 ,:5 ! ,k+dom dawns x is all "o :e!r we exi/ 9 a liv+ or 9 a dead body4 ,x is only ) ?is p]suasion t a man c meet p]secution boldly4 ,:]e=e ,jesus says to ! ,apo/les z he s5ds !m =?3 ,be n afraid ( !m :i* kill ! body b are n able to kill ! 8s\l10 b fe> him :o ha? p[] to de/roy bo? 8s\l0 & body 9 hell 7,mt #aj3bh74 ,/4 ,paul furni%es a classical in/ance ( ?is same connection betwe5 ! es*atological expectation ( ! e>ly ,*ur* & pg #bjh ! ,resurrection ( ! dead 7#a ,cor4 #ae3ej-ed74 ,:at we h "h is n a specifically ,paul9e ?\ght1 b a primitive ,*ri/ian conception to :i* ,jesus _h already giv5 utt]ance4 ,fle% & blood1 :e!r quick or dead1 c 9 no wise h "p 9 ! ,k+dom4 ,!re=e :5 ! h\r /rikes & ! dead are rais$ incorruptible1 ! liv+ also %all be *ang$1 putt+ on incorruption & immortality4 ,! ,resurrection ( ! dead is ! bridge f ! 8,n[0 to ! 8,!n40 ,x acc\nts = ! duality ( consci\sness4 ,h5ce :5 ,jesus spoke ( 8 resurrection ! ,disciples correlat$ ?is ^w ) ! great context4 ,x signifi$ = !m ! g5]al ,resurrection 9 :i* !y too w\ld arise 9 ! =m ( exi/5ce appropriate to ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,true1 !y expect$ 8 resurrection1--n1 h[ev]1 z ! 8,ea/] ev5t10 b z ! dawn ( ! messianic ,k+dom4 ,jesus 0 to be reveal$ z ! ris5 ,*ri/ :5 he %\ld come z ,son ( ,man ^u ! cl\ds ( heav5 to u%] 9 ! messianic day4 ,= our feel+1 ! dea? ( ,jesus is relat$ to ! ,resurrection z a discord 9 music to its resolution4 ,ow+ to ! disp>agem5t ( e =m ( exi/5ce prior pg #bji to ! messianic age1 a mu* weak] acc5t1 = ! ,disciples lay ^u ! dea?4 ,:at !y conceiv$ 0 an endless1 et]nal accord foll[+ ^u a brief e>?ly prelude4 ,:]e we see a juxtaposition ( messianic claim1 ,passion pr$iction1 & ,resurrection prophecy1 ! ,disciples p]ceiv$ a mu* /rict] connection ( ?\ght4 ,!y beheld all 9 a messianic light4 ,h5ce !y did n draw f ,jesus' words ?ree sep>ate conclusions3 7#a7 t he 0 ! ,messiah2 7#b7 t he mu/ suff] & die2 7#c7 t he w\ld rise f ! dead4 ,r1 ! impression !y receiv$ 0 ?is3 ,our ma/] w aft] 8 dea?1 at ! ,resurrection1 be reveal$ z ! ,son ( ,man4 ,at ! same "t !y "q )9 !mselves :at sort ( p]sons !y !n w be & :at (fice & dignity w fall to _! lot 9 ! new exi/5ce4 ,x c ?us be expla9$ :y _! messianic conception 0 n completely ov]?r[n by ! notion ( 8! suff]+ & dy+ ,messiah40 ,jesus _h reveal$ to !m nei!r ! suff]+1 nor ! dy+1 nor ! ris5 ,*ri/2 b he spoke to !m ( ! ,son ( ,man :o 0 due to appe>1 & reveal$ to !m t x 0 he :o %\ld come 9 t "* :5 he _h p]fect$ himself by suff]+ "h bel[4 pg #baj ,x c nev] be emphasis$ en\gh t 9 ?is respect ,jesus' messiah%ip 0 completely 9 l9e ) ! popul> conception4 ,! trag$y ( 8 life is n to be acc\nt$ = by ! incompatibility ( 8 notion ( messiah%ip & ! g5]al expectation1 s t only conflicts c\ld ensue :i* mu/ br+ ab\t 8 dea?4 ,?is conception fir/ appe>s 9 ! ,f\r? ,gospel4 ,! hi/orical ,jesus laid claim to messiah%ip only f ! mom5t ( ! ,resurrection4 ,?is view ( ,jesus' messianic disclosures 9 ! e>ly ,synoptic tradition is absolutely requir$ by ! conception ( ! primitive ,*ur*4 ,! primitive ,*ur* assumes t ,jesus' messianic consci\sness 0 futuri/ic :5 he talk$ to ! ,disciples & ev5 :5 he gave answ] to ! ,high ,prie/4 ,ev5 ,pet]'s disc\rse 9 ! ,acts dates 8 messiah%ip f ! mom5t ( ! ,resurrection4 ,until !n he 0 ,jesus ( ,naz>e?4 ,only1 ! provisional condition ( sitt+ on ! "r h& ( ,god takes ! place ( ! com+ ^u ! cl\ds ( heav54 8,jesus ! ,naz>5e1 a man approv$ ( ,god unto y by mighty works & wond]s & signs :i* ,god did by him 9 ! mid/ ( y 7,acts #b3bb71 him did ,god raise up 7,acts #b3cb7 & ha? made him bo? ,"l & pg #baa ,messiah1 ?is ,jesus :om ye crucifi$0 7,acts #b3cf74 ,?is te/imony to ! primitive conception ( ,jesus' messiah%ip is ( itself s weighty t x w\ld put to sil5ce ! :ole ,synoptical tradition if t 7 ( a diff]5t t5or4 ,h[ is x conceivable t ! ,disciples proclaim$ t ,jesus _h ent]$ ^u 8 messianic exi/5ce ?r\gh ! ,resurrection1 if already ^u e>? he _h spok5 ( 8 messiah%ip z a dignity !n actually possess$8 ,z a matt] ( fact ! e>ly ,synoptic tradition & ! view ( ! primitive ,*ur* agree toge!r completely4 ,bo? affirm ) "o voice t ,jesus' messianic consci\sness 0 futuri/ic4 ,if we _h n ?is witness1 ! k ( ,jesus' hi/orical "* & p]sonality w\ld be =ev] clos$ to u4 ,= aft] 8 dea? all sorts ( presumptions arose to obscure ! consci\sness ( ! futuri/ic "* ( 8 messiah%ip4 ,8 resurrection z ,messiah co9cid$ ) ! g5]al ,resurrection :i* %\ld u%] 9 ! messianic age--su* 0 ! p]spective ( ! ,disciples be=e 8 dea?4 ,aft] 8 dea? 8 resurrection z ,messiah con/itut$ a fact = itself4 ,jesus 0 ! ,messiah be=e ! messianic age6 ,t is ! fateful %ift+ pg #bab ( ! p]spective4 ,!re9 lies ! tragical elem5t--b ! magnific5t z well--9 ! :ole ph5om5on ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! primitive ,*ri/ian consci\sness made ! mo/ /r5u\s ef=ts to fill ! brea*1 try+ 9 spite ( x to conceive ( ,jesus' resurrection z ! dawn ( ! messianic era 9 ! g5]al ris+ ( ! dead4 ,!re 0 an ef=t to make x intelligible z analog\s to a some:at protract$ int]val betwe5 two sc5es ( ! fir/ act ( a drama4 ,prop]ly1 h[ev]1 !y already /ood )9 ! messianic ,resurrection4 ,?us = ,paul1 ,jesus ,*ri/1 prov$ to be ! ,messiah ?r\gh ! ,resurrection ( ! dead1 8is ! fir/ fruits ( !m t sleep0 7#a ,cor4 #ae3bj74 ,! :ole /ructure ( ,paul9e !ology & e?ics re/s ^u ?is ?\ght4 ,because !y f9d !mselves )9 ?is p]iod1 believ]s are 9 reality buri$ ) ,*ri/ & ) him rais$ aga9 ?r\gh baptism4 ,!y are 8new0 creatures1 !y are ! 8righte\s10 ^: citiz5%ip is 9 heav54 ,until we grasp ?is fundam5tal notion we _c p]ceive ! unity 9 ! manifold complications ( ,/4 ,paul's _w ( ?\ght4 ,! ,*ri/ian hi/orical tradition s\ght ano!r way out4 ,x assum$ a sort ( pr]esurrection :i* co9cid$ ) ! resurrection pg #bac ( ,jesus4 ,x l5t to ?is ! col\r+ ( ! messianic ,day4 ,mt #bg3ej-ec furni%es an example 9 leg5d>y =m ( su* a me?od ( reconcil+ fact & !ory4 ,) ,jesus' dea? ^u ! cross a new _w era dawn$4 ,:5 he yield$ up 8 _s ! veil ( ! ,temple 0 r5t f ! top to ! bottom & e>?quakes1 ! signs ( ! end ( ! _w1 %ook ! e>?2 ! rocks 7 r5t2 ! graves op5$2 & _m bodies ( ! sa9ts t _h fall5 asleep 7 rais$4 ,aft] ,jesus' resurrection !y g =? out ( ! tombs into ! holy city & appe> unto _m4 ,s ?is n>rative cl+s to ! conception t ! g5]al ,resurrection ( ! dead "u ! om5s ( ! messianic ,day comes 9 conjunction ) ,jesus' dea? & consequ5t resurrection1--b /ill only z a sort ( prelude4 ,"t1 inde$1 prov$ mighti] ?an ! orig9al conceptions4 ,inexorably x ?ru/ itself l a splitt+ w$ge betwe5 ,jesus' resurrection & ! expect$ g5]al ,resurrection ( ! messianic ,day1 & ) ! temporal co9cid5ce x de/roy$ also ! casual causal connection 9 ! orig9al s5se4 ,! messiah%ip ( ,jesus /ood up solidly out ( ! pa/4 ,^? :o confess$ x & at ! same "t expect$ ! ,k+dom z a future pg #bad ev5t lo/ all consci\sness ( ! fact t 9 ! prea*+ ( ,jesus 8 messiah%ip & ! ,k+dom 7 bo? ( !m future & co9cid5t ev5ts4 ,!y began to reg>d ! ,gospel hi/ory f ! po9t ( view t ,jesus 0 ! ,messiah4 ,! title = ?is new view ( ! ,gospel hi/ory 0 writt5 by ,/4 ,paul4 ,x reads3 8,jesus ,*ri/10--! (fice & dignity ( ! ris5 ,"l is comb9$ ) ! hi/orical p]sonality 9 "o idea4 ,! ,f\r? ,gospel has drawn ! logical consequ5ce !refrom & has s depict$ ! hi/ory ( ,jesus z if he _h come ^u e>? z ! ,messiah4 ,x is ! task ( ! hi/orical inve/igator to emancipate himself = a mom5t f ! unhi/orical p]spective & place ! ,synoptic acc\nts 9 ! "r light4 ,only !n1 :5 "o has grasp$ ! futuri/ic elem5t 9 ,jesus' messianic consci\sness1 c "o und]/& :y he reveal$ 8 dignity to ! ,disciples z a 8secret10 :y he designat$ himself !reby z ! ,son ( ,man1 & 9 :at s5se he spoke ( 8 resurrection4 #e4 ,! ,betrayal by ,judas--! ,la/ ,disclosure ( ! ,secret ( ,messiah%ip4 ,:at did ,judas actually betray8 ,accord+ to ! acc\nts ( our ,gospels x pg #bae looks z if he _h in=m$ ! ,sanh$r9 :]e at a p>ticul> h\r !y c\ld appreh5d ,jesus4 ,b1 ev5 if ?is indication ( ! place did play "s "p 9 ! betrayal ( ,judas1 x c\ld only h be5 incid5tal4 ,:]e ,jesus abode !y c\ld at any "t f9d out1 s9ce he did no?+ to make 8 com+ & go+ secret4 ,if !n !y desir$ to seize him1 !y _h only to s5d a spy aft] him z he left ,j]usalem 9 ! ev5+1 & !y c\ld h got all ! in=mation !y want$4 ,= ?is purpose !y did n ne$ "o ( ! inn] circle4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 h[ev]1 ! pr9cipal difficulty lay 9 an entirely diff]5t direction4 ,n to arre/ him b to convict him 0 :at !y c\ld n accompli%1 = !y c\ld br+ no?+ aga9/ him4 ,) respect to him & 8 foll[+ !y f\nd !mselves 9 ! emb>rass+ fix into :i* e consci5ti\s *ur* discipl9e mu/ necess>ily fall "s "t or ano!r3 ^! p 7 too pi\s = !m1 pi\s beyond prop] limits1 inasmu* z !y ) too great en?usiasm believ$ :at ! o!rs ) seemly mod]ation ( feel+ confess$ 9 _! cre$1--namely1 t ! ,k+dom is ne>4 ,!y c\ld n get a conviction on ! gr\nd ( ! title ( ,=]unn] pg #baf :i* ! p attribut$ to him1 = he _h ju/ifi$ ?is attribution by signs4 ,moreov] he _h nev] op5ly claim$ = himself su* a dignity4 ,nev]!less ! mann] ( 8 behavi\r 0 = !m dang]\s 9 ! highe/ degree4 ,at ! head ( ! pi\s populace he t]roris$ !m4 ,= ?is reason !y w\ld gladly h made away ) him--& c\ld n4 ,"o c und]/& ! attitude ( ! ,sanh$r9 & _! difficulties if "o /eadily keeps 9 m9d t1 9 view ( ,jesus' :ole activity1 ! ?\ght _h n occurr$ to anybody t he c\ld take himself to be ! ,messiah4 ,?us !y knew no *>ge to br+ aga9/ him1 & _h no?+ = x b to try to cat* him 9 8 spee* & discr$it him ) ! p--& 9 ?is !y 7 n successful4 ,!n ,judas appe>$ be=e !m & put ! deadly weapon into _! h&4 ,z !y he>d :at he told !m 8!y 7 glad10 = n[ 0 he deliv]$ into _! p[]4 ,judas n[ seeks a fav\rable mom5t to deliv] ! betray$ into _! h&s 7,mk #ad3aa74 ,:at he _h betray$ to !m we c see f ! process ( ! trial4 ,! witnesses ( ! ,ph>isees c adduce no?+ t w\ld ju/ify 8 conviction4 ,:51 h[ev]1 pg #bag ! witnesses h )drawn1 ! ,high ,prie/ puts ! "q to ,jesus directly1 :e!r ,he is ! ,messiah4 ,to prove su* a claim on ,jesus' "p !y c\ld n adduce ! necess>y witnesses1--= !re 7 none4 ,! ,high ,prie/ is "h 9 possession ( ,jesus' secret4 ,t 0 ! betrayal ( ,judas6 ,?r\gh him ! ,sanh$r9 knew t ,jesus claim$ to be some?+ diff]5t f :at ! p held him to be1 ?\gh he rais$ no prote/ aga9/ x4 ,!y got ! decisive *>ge ?r\gh ! betray$ secret ( ,cs>ea ,philippi4 ,to be ,elijah1 ! prophet ( ! la/ times1 0 no religi\s crime4 ,b to claim to be ,messiah1 t 0 blasphemy6 ,! p]fidy ( ! *>ge lay 9 ! ,high ,prie/'s ins9uation t ,jesus held himself !n to be ! ,messiah1 j z he /ood !re be=e him4 ,?is ,jesus repudiat$ ) a pr\d ^w ab\t 8 com+ z ,son ( ,man4 ,nev]!less he 0 condemn$ = blasphemy4 ,we h !re=e ?ree revelations ( ! secret ( messiah%ip1 :i* s hang toge!r t ea* subsequ5t "o implies ! =ego+4 ,on ! m\nta9 ne> ,be?saida 0 reveal$ to ! ,?ree ! secret :i* 0 disclos$ to ,jesus at 8 baptism4 ,t 0 aft] ! h>ve/4 ,a few weeks lat] x 0 pg #bah kn[n to ! ,twelve1 by ! fact t ,pet] at ,cs>ea ,philippi answ]$ ,jesus' "q out ( ! k :i* he _h atta9$ ^u ! m\nta94 ,"o ( ! ,twelve betray$ ! secret to ! ,high ,prie/4 ,?is la/ revelation ( ! secret 0 fatal1 = x br\ght ab\t ! dea? ( ,jesus4 ,he 0 condemn$ z ,messiah al?\gh he _h nev] appe>$ 9 t rle4 pg #bai ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,! ,,secret ,,( ,,! ,,passion #a4 ,! ,pre-,messianic ,affliction4 ,,! ref]5ce to ! ,passion belong$ z a matt] ( c\rse to ! es*atological pr$iction4 ,a "t ( unhe>d ( affliction mu/ prec$e ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,out ( ^! woes ! ,messiah w be br\ght to bir?4 ,t 0 a view preval5t f> & wide3 9 no o!r wise c\ld ! ev5ts ( ! la/ times be imag9$4 ,accord+ to ?is view ,jesus' words mu/ be int]pret$4 ,x w appe> !n t 9 8 prea*+ ( ! ,k+dom he br\ght into %>p prom95ce ! ?\ght ( ! ,affliction ( ! la/ times4 ,we always assume t :5 he speaks ( p]secutions :i* 8 ,disciples %all enc\nt] he means to pr$ict :at !y mu/ g ?r\gh :5 !y are left alone & orphan$ on e>? aft] 8 dea?4 ,t is totally false4 ,aft] 8 dea? ,jesus w be ,messiah ?r\gh ! ,resurrection1 & !re) ! glory ( ! ,k+dom dawns4 ,n :at !y mu/ )/& aft] 8 dea?1 b :at !y are to be 9 ! ,k+dom pg #bbj is ! ?\ght :i* conc]ns ! ,disciples on ! way to ,j]usalem4 ,:5 ,jesus speaks ( suff]+ & p]secution x is a "q ( ! afflictions :i* 8 foll[]s mu/ be> ) him be=e ! dawn ( ! ,k+dom4 ,:at is meant is ! la/ desp]ate attack ( ! p[]s ( ?is _w at enmity ) ,god1 :i* %all sweep l a flood ov] ^? :o 9 expectation ( ! ,k+dom repres5t ! div9e p[] 9 ! godless _w4 ,h5ce ,jesus con/itutes ! focus ^u :i* ! ,affliction conc5trates4 ,he is ! rock ^u :i* ! waves da% !mselves to pieces4 ,:osoev] w\ld n be torn away by ! flood mu/ cl+ /$fa/ly to him4 ,:5 he says t 8 mission is n to br+ peace ^u e>? b a sword1 :5 he speaks ( ! upris+ :i* he br+s ab\t1 9 :i* ! mo/ sacr$ e>?ly ties %all be brok51 9 :i* "o mu/ foll[ him lad5 ) ! cross & c\nt "o's e>?ly life = naught 7,mt #aj3cd-db71 he means by ?is ! great p]secution ( ! la/ times4 ,he :o ha/5s ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom br+s also ?is ,affliction to pass1 = x is out ( ?is travail inde$ t ! ,k+dom & ! ,messiah are born4 ,h5ce ! h>% accord he>d ?r\gh\t pg #bba ! messianic h>monies6 ,jesus concludes ! ,beatitudes ) ! intimation t 8 ,disciples are bless$ if !y are hat$ & p]secut$ & all mann] ( evil is spok5 aga9/ !m = 8 sake4 ,!n h !y inde$ reason to rejoice & be exce$+ glad1 = 9 :at !y mu/ endure is reveal$ _! "r to memb]%ip 9 ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,:ile !y are /ill afflict$ by ! p[] ( ?is _w _! rew>d is already prep>$ 9 heav5 7,mt #e3aa1 #ab74 8,prea*1 say+1 ! ,k+dom ( ,god is at h&10 0 ,jesus' injunction to ! ,apo/les :5 s5d+ !m out4 ,!re)1 h[ev]1 he prep>$ !m impressively = ! ,affliction ( ! la/ times1 = ! h& ( ! _w-clock approa*es ! great h\r4 ,!y mu/ "k x1 9 ord] t !y may n ?9k t some?+ /range has befall5 !m :5 !y are br\ght to trial by ! _w-p[]1 :5 upris+ & p]secution ?reat5 !m & br+ _! life into dang]4 ,!y mu/ "k x1 9 ord] t !y may n d\bt & d5y him & be (f5d$ 9 him :5 he is deliv]$ into ! h&s ( m51 = he himself z ! mighty prea*] ( ! ,k+dom has incit$ ?is upris+4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! _w-p[] appe>s to conqu]1 !n ,god 9 8 omnipot5ce pg #bbb /&s above4 ,n ^? t kill ! body mu/ !y fe>1 b ! almighty ,"l :o 9 ! ,judgm5t c de/roy bo? s\l & body 9 hell4 ,9 ?is la/ upris+ ! _w-p[] judges itself3 aft] ! ,judgm5t comes ! ,k+dom4 ,t is ! fundam5tal ?\ght ( ! *>ge to ! ,apo/les4 ,likewise ! embassage to ! ,bapti/ concludes ) a simil> intimation4 ,! ,k+dom is ne>1 he w\ld h !m say to him2 my prea*+1 signs1 & wond]s confirm x2 & he atta9s bless$ness :osoev] is n (f5d$ 9 me1 i4 e4 :osoev] is fai?ful to me 9 ! pre-messianic ,affliction4 ,8 w>n+ ( ! heavy "t to come is direct$ mo/ impressively1 h[ev]1 to ^? :om ! ,apo/les' prea*+ has drawn ab\t him 9 tru/ful expectation ( ! ,k+dom4 ,9 ! ga!r+ dusk ( ev5+ he _h celebrat$ ) !m ! great ,supp] beside ! sea4 ,z "o :o knew himself to be ! ,messiah he _h di/ribut$ to !m sacr$ food1 & !reby1 )\t _! suspect+ x1 _h consecrat$ !m to be p>tak]s ( ! messianic fea/4 ,! foll[+ morn+1 h[ev]1 he call$ !m ab\t him at ,be?saida & exhort$ !m to be ready to sacrifice _! life 9 ! ,affliction4 ,:osoev] pg #bbc %all be a%am$ ( him & ( 8 words 9 ! humiliation :i* mu/ ov]take him 9 ?is adult]\s & s9ful _w1 him w ! ,son ( ,man refuse to recognise :5 he %all appe> 9 ! glory ( 8 ,fa!r surr\nd$ by 8 angels 7,mk #h3ce-ch74 #b4 ,! ,idea ( ! ,passion 9 ! ,fir/ ,p]iod4 ,! ,passion !re=e belong$ to ,jesus' prea*+ f ! beg9n+4 ,9 ! ,affliction ( ! la/ times 8 foll[]s mu/ pass ) him ?r\gh suff]+ to glory--s 8 he>]s und]/ood him4 ,only1 !y did n "k t he ) :om !y mu/ suff] w\ld be reveal$ z ,messiah4 ,9 ,jesus' messianic consci\sness ! ?\ght ( suff]+ acquir$ n[1 z appli$ to himself1 a my/]i\s significance4 ,! messiah%ip :i* he became aw>e ( at 8 baptism 0 n a possession1 nor a m]e object ( expectation2 b 9 ! es*atological conception x 0 impli$ z a matt] ( c\rse t ?r\gh ! trial ( suff]+ he mu/ become :at ,god _h de/9$ him to be4 ,8 messianic consci\sness 0 nev] )\t ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion4 ,suff]+ is ! way to ! revelation ( messiah%ip6 pg #bbd ,:at he exp]i5c$ 9 ?is age repres5t$ ! hidd5 life & lab\r ( ! ,messiah4 ,suff]+1 h[ev]1 0 allott$ to ?is rle4 ,x 0 ,jewi% doctr9e t ! ,messiah mu/ be full ( *a/isem5t1 = ! suff]+s are necess>y to ! mak+ ( ! p]fectly righte\s man 7,web]1 p4 #cdc74 ,?is messianic consci\sness ( ,jesus %[s ! same deep5+ ( moral tone z does 8 es*atology4 ,accord+ to ! cu/om>y mod]nis+ conception1 x is assum$ t dur+ ! great] "p ( 8 m9i/ry ,jesus did n ?9k ( ! ,passion1 b 0 fir/ oblig$ to ent]ta9 t ?\ght by ! malici\s enmity ( ! ,scribes4 ,?us 8 messiah%ip receives 9 ! fir/ p]iod an e?ical-idyllic ca/1 9 ! second1 a mod]n hue ( resignation4 ,! hi/oric-es*atological picture is at once liveli]1 deep]1 & m moral4 ,jesus' "* did n und]go an 8evolution0 ?r\gh ! acceptance ( ! idea ( ! ,passion4 ,f ! beg9n+ he knew himself z ,messiah only 9 s f> z he 0 resolv$ ?r\gh suff]+ to be purifi$ unto p]fection4 ,z ! "o :o is de/9$ to be> rule 9 ! new age he mu/ be=eh& be deliv]$ into ! p[] ( ungodl9ess 9 ord] t he may !re approve pg #bbe himself = ! div9e lord%ip he is to ex]cise4 ,out ( su* a messianic consci\sness z ?is he adjures ^? ab\t him to rema9 true s t he c recognise !m z 8 own :5 ! glory dawns4 ,?us ! active e?ical trait :i* con/itut$ ! dep? ( ! secret ( ! ,k+dom is a controll+ factor also 9 ! secret ( messiah%ip4 ,! hi/orical problem pres5ts itself n[ 9 ?is =m3 ,9 ! fir/ p]iod ,jesus express$ ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion mu* m frequ5tly ?an 9 ! second1 & he utt]$ x op5ly4 ,e disc\rse ( "s l5g? concludes ) su* an intimation4 ,8 own ,disciples 7 famili> ) ! ?\ght ( see+ him humiliat$ 9 ! ,affliction4 ,9 spite ( ?is1 h[ev]1 ! disclosure at ,cs>ea ,philippi appe>$ to ! ,disciples a new ?+1 & s x 0 9 fact4 ,= x 0 no long] a "q simply ( ! suff]+ :i* ! great h]ald ( ! ,k+dom mu/ und]go 9 company ) 8 own 9 ! f9al ,affliction2 b n[ he suff]s :o is to be ! ,messiah4 ,?is suff]+1 moreov]1 does n any long] occur 9 ! g5]al ,affliction ( ! la/ times1 b ,jesus suff]s alone1 & 8 suff]+ is n[ repres5t$ z a purely e>?ly1 hi/orical ev5t6 ,he w pg #bbf be deliv]$ to ! ,c\ncil & by x condemn$ to dea?6 ,t 0 ! new ?+ :i* rema9$ a secret = ! ,disciples4 #c4 ,! 8,temptation0 & ! ,div9e ,omnipot5ce4 ,a peculi> note ( hesitancy appe>s 9 ! ?\ght ( ! ,passion4 ,at "o "t dea? seems an absolute necessity2 !n aga9--= example1 9 ,ge?semane--,jesus recognises once m ! possibility t ! ,passion may /ill be sp>$ him4 ,b z a matt] ( fact ! idea ( ! ,passion subsi/$ )\t respect to e>?ly success or failure4 ,!re=e ! hesitancy ought n to be br\ght into connection ) ?is4 ,z ,jesus j\rney$ t[>ds ,j]usalem to die he did n 9 a corn] ( 8 he>t indulge ! ?\ght t ,god 9 8 omnipot5ce might p]haps be able nev]!less to make 8 way a triumphal m>* & %[ himself ?r\gh him victori\s ov] ! ,ph>isees & ! ,c\ncil4 ,t1 accord+ to 8 feel+1 w\ld h be5 a 8human0 way ( ?9k+1 su* z he _h reprov$ 9 ,pet] 7,mk #h3cc74 ,= 9 ! affairs ( ,god's ,k+dom he _c oppose to "o ano!r ! opposition ( ! ,scribes & ! div9e omnipot5ce2 x is a "q ( a div9e drama pg #bbg 9 :i* !y 7 m]e subord9ate actors ) a prescrib$ rle1 l ! m9ions t arre/$ him at _! behe/4 ,! hesitancy mu/ !re=e h its gr\nd 9 ! div9e w itself4 ,x is ! specific *>act]i/ic ( ,jesus' view1 t ! div9e w has inde$1 on ! "o h&1 design$ly preorda9$ ! messianic drama 9 ! well kn[n =m2 yet1 on ! o!r h& aga91 ,god rema9s sov]eignly free ) respect to 8 plan4 ,by a messianic programme e/abli%$ once & = all ! div9e omnipot5ce beh9d x is 9 no wise b\nd6 ,x kn[s no det]m9ism at all4 ,jesus expect$ ( ?is omnipot5ce t x c\ld /ill receive into ! e/ate ( bless$ness ev5 su* z by _! behavi\r _h =feit$ memb]%ip 9 ! ,k+dom4 ,accord+ to ! accept$ /&>ds x is inde$ impossible t ! ri* c ent] into life4 ,b ) ,god all ?+s are possible 7,mk #aj3bg74 ,x 0 a maxim t :osoev] w\ld reign ) ! com+ ,messiah mu/ suff] ) ,jesus4 ,b yet he d>$ n promise 8 two intimate ,disciples1 ,james & ,john1 ! seats ^u ! ?rone1 al?\gh he expect$ t !y w\ld %>e 8 ,passion4 pg #bbh ,he might by ?is infr+e ^u ,god's omnipot5ce 7,mk #aj3ce-dj74 ,?us ! ,affliction also ( ! la/ times _h its place inde$ 9 ! div9ely orda9$ c\rse ( ! messianic drama4 ,b yet x lay 9 ,god's unre/rict$ omnipot5ce t he might elim9ate x & p]mit ! ,k+dom to dawn )\t ?is season ( trial4 ,!re=e m5 might pray ,god t he w\ld suff] t heavy h\r ( probation to pass by4 ,jesus enjo9$ ?is ^u 8 ,disciples 9 ! same pray] 9 :i* he taught !m to make petition = ! com+ ,k+dom4 ,he tea*es !m to implore ,god = ! f9al /ate ( bless$ness1 9 :i* 8 "n w be hall[$ & 8 w be done on e>? z x is 9 heav52 b at ! same "t !y are to beg him n to lead !m into ! 8,temptation10 n to give !m into ! p[] ( ! ,evil1 n to oblige !m to make satisfaction = _! s9s by ! endurance ( ! ,affliction ( ! la/ times2 b to deliv] !m by 8 omnipot5ce f ! p[] ( ! ,evil :5 ! ungodly _w = ! la/ "t ass]ts itself at ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom = :i* !y pray4 ,t is ! inn] connection ( ! la/ ?ree petitions ( ! ,"l's ,pray]4 ,! ,"l's ,pray] ?us exhibits 9 ! pg #bbi fir/ ?ree & ! la/ ?ree petitions a purely es*atological "*4 ,we h ! same contra/ z 9 ! ,beatitudes1 ! *>ge to ! ,apo/les1 ! embassage to ! ,bapti/1 & ! disc\rse at ,be?saida4 ,fir/ x is a "q ( ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom1 !n ( ! ,affliction ( ! la/ times4 ,we p]ceive f ! ,"l's ,pray]1 h[ev]1 t !re is no absolute necessity = ?is ,affliction1 b t x is only relatively det]m9$ 9 ,god's almighty w4 ,! ,affliction1 9 fact1 repres5ts 9 its extreme/ =m ! rep5tance requisite = ! ,k+dom4 ,:osoev] comes ?r\gh t te/ approv$ makes satisfaction = 8 transgressions 9 ! godless on4 ,?r\gh conflict & suff]+ m5 wre/ !mselves free f ?is p[] to become in/rum5ts ( ! div9e w 9 ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,t is to be conceiv$ collectively4 ,! fai?ful adh]5ts ( ! ,k+dom z a community make ! satisfaction4 ,! individual !reby p]fects & approves himself4 ,su* is ,god's w4 ,jesus1 h[ev]1 prays ) !m to ,god t he may be pleas$ 9 8 omnipot5ce to =give !m ! debt )\t satisfaction1 z !y =give _! debtors4 ,t means remission pure & simple1 )\t atonem5t4 ,may x please pg #bcj ,god n to lead !m ?r\gh ! 8,temptation10 b /raightway to release !m f ! p[] ( ! _w4 ,only s c "o und]/& h[ ,jesus ?r\gh\t 8 m9i/ry c assume =giv5ess ( s9s & yet "h expressly prays = x2 & h[ he c speak ( a temptation :i* comes f ,god4 ,x is a "q 9 fact ( ! g5]al messianic remission ( debts & ! ,temptation ( ! messianic ,affliction4 ,!re=e ^! petitions con/itute ! conclusion ( ! ,k+dom-pray]4 ,:at ,jesus "h 9 common pray] petitions = ! community1 t he implores = himself :5 8 h\r is come4 ,9 ,ge?semane he pro/rates himself be=e ,god4 ,9 mov+ pray] he appeals to ,god's omnipot5ce3 ,abba1 ,fa!r1 all ?+s are possible unto !e 7,mk #ad3cf74 ,he w\ld t ! cup ( suff]+ might pass 8 lips )\t 8 ne$+ to ta/e x4 ,also he r\ses ! ?ree ,disciples1 bidd+ !m to wat* & pray ,god t he may sp>e !m ! ,temptation1 = ! fle% is weak4 #d4 ,! ,idea ( ! ,passion 9 ! ,second ,p]iod4 ,) ! revelation at ,cs>ea ,philippi cease all intimations t ! believ]s mu/ pg #bca pass ) ,jesus ?r\gh ! ,affliction4 ,accord+ to ! secret :i* he imp>ts to ! ,disciples he alone suff]s4 ,9 ,j]usalem he address$ n "o urg5t ^w1 ei!r to ! p or to ! ,disciples1 ab\t foll[+ him 9 suff]+4 ,inde$ he actually takes back :at he be=e _h said4 ,! morn+ aft] ! ,supp] by ! sea%ore1 address+ ^? :om he _h consecrat$ unto ! messianic banquet1 he makes _! bless$ness dep5d5t ^u foll[+ him 9 suff]+4 ,to ! p>tak]s ( ! ,la/ ,supp] at ,j]usalem he calmly /at$ be=eh& t !y w\ld all be 8(f5d$0 9 him t night6 ,he c\pl$ ?is ) no condemnation--= x is s det]m9$ 9 ! ,scripture6 ,is x n writt51 8,i w smite ! %eph]d1 & ! %eep %all be scatt]$08 ,!re=e1 ev5 if !y are (f5d$ 9 him1 if ev5 !y =sake him1 9 8 glory he w /ill ga!r !m aga91 & z ,messiah--= t he is z ! ris5 "o--he w g be=e !m unto ,galilee 7,mk #ad3bf-bh74 ,:at at an e>li] p]iod he _h requir$ ( all1 t he n[ does n expect ev5 ( him :o boa/$ t he alone w\ld /& by him4 8,be=e ! cock cr[ twice ?\ %alt d5y me ?rice10 said he to ,pet] 7,mk #ad3bi1 #ca74 pg #bcb ,?is *ange mu/ be connect$ ) ! =m :i* ! idea ( ! ,passion assum$ 9 ! second p]iod4 ,!re mu/ h occurr$ an alt]ation 9 ! conception ( ! ,affliction ( ! la/ times4 ,! o!rs are fre$ f ! trial ( suff]+1 ,jesus suff]s alone2--& 9 fact ! humiliation consi/s 9 ! dea? to :i* ! scribes consign him4 ,x is by ?is means t ! f9al affliction n[ accompli%es itself4 ,8 fai?ful foll[]s are sp>$4 ,he suff]s 9 _! /ead1 = he gives 8 life a ransom = _m4 ,jesus has n disclos$ 9 :at way ?is secret 0 made kn[n to him 9 ! days ( solitude aft] ! mission ( ! ,twelve4 ,! =m ( ! secret ( ! ,passion %[s1 h[ev]1 t two exp]i5ces _h influ5ce ^u him4 ,fir/1 ! dea? ( ! ,bapti/4 ,! ,bapti/ = him 0 ,elijah4 ,if he 0 sla9 by ! h& ( man be=e ! messianic ,day1 su* 0 ,god's w1 & s x 0 =eorda9$ 9 ! messianic drama4 ,?is occurr$ :ile ! ,disciples 7 away4 ,8 embassage to ! ,bapti/ p]haps nev] rea*$ him4 ,he mu/ come n[ to an und]/&+ ( ?is matt]4 ,= ?is cause he wi%es to )draw into solitude ) 8 companions4 pg #bcc ,h[ mu* he 0 preoccupi$ ) ! ?\ght ( ! ,bapti/'s dea? is %[n by ! conv]sation :i* foll[$ ! revelation to ! ,?ree on ! m\nta94 ,x 0 orda9$ 9 ! ,scripture t ,elijah mu/ meet su* a fate at ! h&s ( m54 ,s also x is writt5 ( ! ,son ( ,man t he mu/ suff] _m ?+s & be set at naught 7,mk #i3ab-ac74 ,hi!rto he _h spok5 only 9 g5]al t]ms ( ! f9al ,affliction z an ev5t ( ! la/ times4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 x has be5 fulfill$ ^u ! ,bapti/ z an hi/orical ev5t4 ,t is a sign1 :i* indicates h[ x w be fulfill$ ^u himself4 ,?is indication came precisely at ! "t :5 he 0 compell$ by ! c\rse ( ev5ts to reflect ^u ! f9al ,affliction4 ,aft] ! return ( ! ,twelve he _h expect$ x z an imp5d+ ev5t4 ,b x fail$ to occur4 ,:at is m1 ! ,k+dom fail$ !re) to appe>6 ,9 s5d+ out ! ,twelve he _h told !m t !y w\ld be surpris$ by ! ov]fl[+ woes ere !y _h gone ?r\gh all ! cities ( ,israel1--& !y _h return$ )\t witness+ ! beg9n+ ( ! woes or ! dawn ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! report ) :i* !y return$ pg #bcd %[$1 h[ev]1 t all 0 ready4 ,already ! p[] ( ungodl9ess 0 brok51 = else ! unclean spirits w\ld n h be5 subject to !m4 ,! ,k+dom 0 compell+ly ha/5$ by ! rep5tance practis$ s9ce ! days ( ! ,bapti/4 ,9 ?is respect also ! measure 0 full1--t 0 prov$ by ! multitudes :i* ?rong$ ab\t him 9 fai?ful expectation4 ,s all 0 ready--& /ill ! ,k+dom did n come6 ,! delay ( ! es*atological com+ ( ! ,k+dom1--t 0 ! great fact :i* drove ,jesus at t "t once & aga9 into solitude to seek light ^u ! my/]y4 ,be=e ! ,k+dom c\ld come ! ,affliction mu/ arrive4 ,b x fail$ to arrive4 ,x mu/ be br\ght ab\t 9 ord] t ! ,k+dom may ?us be con/ra9$ to come4 ,rep5tance & ! subjugation ( ! p[] ( ungodl9ess did n avail by !mselves2 b ! viol5t /orm]s ( ! ,k+dom mu/ be re9=c$ by "o /rong] /ill1 ! future ,messiah1 :o br+s d[n ^u himself ! f9al ,affliction 9 ! =m 9 :i* x _h already be5 accompli%$ ^u ,elijah4 ,?us ! secret ( ! ,k+dom m]ges 9 ! secret ( ! ,passion4 ,! conception ( ! f9al ,affliction conta9s pg #bce ! ?\ght ( atonem5t & purification4 ,all !y :o are de/9$ = ! ,k+dom mu/ w9 =giv5ess = ! guilt contract$ 9 ! e>?ly on by enc\nt]+ /$fa/ly ! _w-p[] z x collects itself = a la/ attack4 ,= ?r\gh ?is guilt !y 7 /ill subject to ! p[] ( ungodl9ess4 ,?is guilt con/itutes a c\nt] weight :i* holds back ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,b n[ ,god does n br+ ! ,affliction to pass4 ,& yet ! atonem5t mu/ be made4 ,!n x occurr$ to ,jesus t he z ! com+ ,son ( ,man mu/ accompli% ! atonem5t 9 8 own p]son4 ,he :o "o day %all reign ov] ! believ]s z ,messiah n[ humbles himself "u !m & s]ves !m by giv+ 8 life a ransom = _m1 9 ord] t ! ,k+dom may dawn ^u !m4 ,t is 8 mission 9 ! e/ate :i* prec$es 8 cele/ial glory4 8,= ?is he is come0 7,mk #aj3de74 ,he mu/ suff] = ! s9s ( ^? :o are orda9$ = 8 ,k+dom4 ,9 ord] to c>ry ?is out1 he j\rneys up to ,j]usalem1 t !re he may be put to dea? by ! secul> au?ority1 j z ,elijah :o w5t be=e him suff]$ at ! h& ( ,h]od4 ,t is ! secret ( ! ,passion4 ,jesus did actually die = ! s9s ( m51 pg #bcf ev5 ?\gh x 0 9 ano!r s5se ?an t :i* ,anselm's !ory assumes4 #e4 ,isaiah #dj-ff3 ,! ,secret ( ! ,passion ,=etold 9 ! ,scripture4 8,h[ is x writt5 ( ! ,son ( ,man8 ,t he mu/ suff] _m ?+s & be set at naught0 7,mk #i3ab74 ,! new =m ( ! secret ( ! ,passion is d]iv$ f ! ,scripture4 ,9 ! picture ( ! suff]+ s]vant ( ,god ,jesus recognis$ himself4 ,!re he f\nd 8 vocation ( suff]+ depict$ 9 advance4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to und]/& h[ 8 secret came to him f out ! ,scripture1 ! picture ( ! suff]+ s]vant ( ,god mu/ be set 9 ! great framework 9 :i* x belongs4 ,! mod]n-hi/orical solution _c d ?is4 ,x conf9es itself to ! notion ( a meek self-surr5d]4 ,z soon1 h[ev]1 z x is once p]ceiv$ t ,jesus' idea ( ! ,passion 0 es*atological1 x is evid5t also 9 :at a great context he mu/ view ! figure ( ! suff]+ s]vant ( ,god4 ,accord+ly1 ,isa4 #dj-ff 0 no?+ else b ! prophetic repres5tation ( ! ev5ts ( ! la/ "t 9 ! mid/ ( :i* he knew himself to be4 ,! passage comm5ces ) ! proclamation pg #bcg t ,god's reign is ab\t to beg94 ,! prep>] ( ! way comes ^u ! sc5e4 ,he cries t ! e>?ly passes away :5 ! ,"l1 deal+ rew>d & recomp5se1 appe>s 9 8 glory4 ,! h\r dawns 9 :i* he ga!rs 8 flock & br+s 9 ! era ( peace4 ,! ,elect is !re4 ,he proclaims righte\sness 9 tru?4 ,god has put 8 _s ^u him 7,isai4 #db3a ff474 ,he %all e/abli% judgm5t ^u ! e>?2 ! cities wait ^u 8 tea*+4 ,b be=e ! glory dawns & ! be>] ( ! div9e _s rules ) p[] & righte\sness ov] ! peoples he mu/ pass ?r\gh an e/ate ( humiliation4 ,o!rs d n und]/& :y he is put to %ame4 ,!y ?9k ,god has reject$ him1 & "k n t he be>s _! infirmities1 is pi]c$ = _! transgressions1 & smitt5 = _! (f5ces4 ,! oppress$ s]vant is meek & op5e? n 8 m\?4 ,= ! transgression ( ! p he is /rick5 to dea?4 ,!n1 h[ev]1 w ! ,"l glorify him4 ,he ha? call$ him to ?is f 8 "m's womb4 ,he is orda9$ to br+ aga9 ,jacob & to save ,israel4 ,he %all be = a light to ! ,g5tiles1 t ,god's salvation may ext5d unto ! ends ( ! e>? 7,isai4 #di3a ff42 ,isai4 #eb3a ff42 ,isai4 #ec3a ff474 pg #bch ,^u ! del9eation ( ! suff]+ ( ! s]vant ( ,god !re foll[s a description ( ! judgm5t ^u ! :ole _w & ^u ,israel 7,isa4 #ed-fe74 ,9 ! end1 h[ev]1 ! glory ( ,god breaks =?4 ,he is en?ron$ above ! new heav5 & ! new e>? 7,isa4 #fe & #ff74 ,:5 ! ,judgm5t is accompli%$1 !n ! rejoic+ breaks out1 = ! bless$ out ( ! :ole _w1 out ( e tribe & nation1 w ga!r unto him & d him rev]5ce4 ,"o mu/ grasp ! dramatic unity 9 ^! *apt]s 9 ord] to ent] into sympa?y ) "o :o s\ght "h my/]i\s intimation ab\t ! ?+s ( ! la/ "t4 ,jesus' idea ( ! ,passion is 9 ! end completely absorb$ 9 t ( ! ,deut]o-,isaiah4 ,l ! s]vant ( ,god1 he too is de/9$ to reign 9 glory4 ,b fir/ he appe>s1 meek & unrecognis$1 9 ! rle ( a prea*] :o works righte\sness4 ,he mu/ pass also ?r\gh suff]+ & humiliation ere ,god p]mit ! glori\s consummation to dawn4 ,:at he endures is an atonem5t = ! iniquity ( o!rs4 ,?is is a secret betwe5 himself & ,god4 ,! o!rs _c & ne$ n und]/& x1 = :5 ! glory dawns !y w recognise t he has suff]$ = !m4 ,:]e=e ,jesus did n ne$ to expla9 pg #bci 8 ,passion to ! p & to ! ,disciples1 & ought n to d s4 ,x mu/ rema9 a secret1--s x is writt5 9 ! ,scripture4 ,ev5 to ^? to :om he =etold :at 0 com+ he utt]$ x z a secret4 ,at 8 appe>+ z ,son ( ,man ! scales mu/ fall f _! eyes4 ,9 ! glory ( ! ,k+dom !y !n %all recognise t he has suff]$ 9 ord] t !y may be sp>$ & h peace4 ,! secret is intelligible only retrospectively1 f ! po9t ( view ( ! glory t %all be reveal$4 ,!re=e x makes no diff]5ce if 8 own foll[]s turn away f him 9 8 humiliation & m5 are (f5d$ 9 him z ?\gh he 7 *a/is$ ( ,god4 ,! ,scripture does n reckon x aga9/ !m z sacrilege1 b has s orda9$ x4 ,! mom5t !re=e ! secret ( ! ,passion is made cle> to him by ! ,scripture he no m says1 ,:osoev] is a%am$ ( me 9 my humiliation1 ! same is condemn$2 b1 ,ye %all all be (f5d$ 9 me1--kn[+ at ! same "t t !y all %all be ga!r$ ab\t him at ! ,resurrection4 ,"u ! influ5ce1 !re=e1 ( ! ,deut]o-,isaiah ! idea ( ! g5]al ,affliction ( ! la/ times 0 trans=m$ into ! p]sonal secret ( ,jesus' ,passion4 pg #bdj #f4 ,! 8,human0 ,elem5t 9 ! ,secret ( ! ,passion4 ,! inn]mo/ nature ( ! idea ( suff]+ und]w5t no *ange 9 consequ5ce ( ! secret ( ! ,passion ( ! second epo*4 ,= ,jesus1 suff]+1 ev5 9 ?is =m1 rema9$ pre-em95tly ! moral condition ( ! dignity orda9$ to him4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 ! ,affliction exhibits ! concrete traits ( a det]m9ate ev5t4 ,jesus br+s x d[n f ! vague heights ( apocalyptic drama to ! level ( human hi/ory4 ,!re9 lies some?+ prophetic ( ! future ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,aft] ,jesus' dea? ! :ole messianic drama ( ! la/ times is dissolv$ 9 human hi/ory4 ,?is developm5t began ) ! secret ( ! ,passion4 ,?us x is1 too1 t ! secret ( ! ,passion1 z comp>$ ) ! idea ( suff]+ ( ! fir/ p]iod1 exhibits m human traits4 ,!re is a quality ( compassionate consid]ation = o!rs 9 ! ?\ght t he makes satisfaction 9 ! ,passion = ! adh]5ts ( ! ,k+dom1 9 ord] t !y may be exempt$ f ! trial 9 :i* p]*ance !y might prove weak4 ,! petition1 8,lead u n into ! ,temptation1 b pg #bda deliv] u f ! ,evil10 is n[ fulfill$ 9 8 ,passion4 ,?is deeply human trait is especially evid5t 9 ,ge?semane4 ,only ov] ! ?ree intimate ,disciples /ill hov]s ! possibility t !y may be oblig$ to pass ) him ?r\gh suff]+ & temptation4 ,! sons ( ,zeb$ee1 to secure _! claim t !y sit ) him ^u ! ?rone1 boa/$ t !y c\ld dr9k ) him 8 cup & und]go ) him ! baptism ( suff]+--& ?is prospect he held out to !m 7,mk #aj3ch-dj74 ,pet]1 h[ev]1 swore t he w\ld n d5y him2 ev5 if all o!rs %\ld =sake him1 he desir$ to die ) him 7,mk #ad3ca74 ,^! ?ree ,jesus _h tak5 ) him to ! place :]e he pray$4 ,:ile he implor$ ,god t ! cup might pass him by1 !re ov]came him a sorr[ful anxiety = ! ,?ree4 ,if ,god does n[ actually s5d !m ) him ?r\gh ! ,passion1 w !y hold out z !y are bold to believe8 ,:]e=e he is m9dful ( !m 9 t sad h\r4 ,twice he ar\ses himself & wakes !m out ( sleep1 bidd+ !m wat* & pray to ,god t he lead !m n into ! ,temptation1 ev5 if he w n sp>e him ?is cup2 = ! _s is will+1 b ! fle% is weak4 ,t is p]haps pg #bdb ! mo/ t\*+ mom5t 9 ,jesus' life4 ,"s h d>$ to call ,ge?semane ,jesus' weak h\r2 b 9 reality x is precisely ! h\r 9 :i* 8 sup]natural greatness is reveal$ 9 8 deeply human compassion4 #g4 ,! ,idea ( ! ,passion 9 ! ,primitive ,*ur*4 ,! ,%ift+ ( ! ,p]spective4 ,jesus c>ri$ ) him to ! grave ! secret ( ! ,passion :i* 0 to be reveal$ to ! inh]itors ( ! ,k+dom at its com+4 ,b ! ,k+dom did n come4 ,?us x is to be expla9$ t ?\gh he inde$ _h giv5 intimation ( 8 ,passion to ! ,disciples1 yet !y1 :5 ! ev5t came to pass1 knew no int]pretation ( x4 ,nev]!less1 9 "s way !y _h to expla9 x1 by ! help ( su* intimations z !y c\ld recall4 ,?is acc\nts = ! fact t ! !ory ( ! e>ly ,*ur* reg>d+ ! ,passion ( ,jesus 0 f> poor] ?an 8 ,secret4 ,! explanation ( ! ,*ur* focuss$ pr9cipally ^u "o fact3 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! ,passion & ! ,resurrection f ! dead he is ! ,messiah4 ,9 ?is s5se ! ,passion & ! ,exaltation are =eorda9$ 9 ! ,scripture4 ,:ile ,jesus' secret br\ght 8 dea? & ! dawn+ ( ! ,k+dom into ! close/ pg #bdc temporal & causal connection1 = ! primitive ,*ur*1 on ! o!r h&1 a pa/ ev5t1 z su*1 con/itut$ ! object to be expla9$1 s9ce ! ,k+dom _h n arriv$ & ! orig9al causal connection 0 dissolv$ along ) ! temporal4 ,n[ ) ref]5ce to 8 dea? ,jesus _h spok5 also ( atonem5t & =giv5ess ( s9s4 ,b ! ?\ghts :i* he associat$ !re) ! ev5ts _h r5d]$ entirely impossible4 ,! indef9ite 8_m10 :o 7 to apply ! ransom to !mselves 9 ! k t he _h suff]$ = !m1 simply did n exi/2 = ! ,k+dom _h n yet appe>$4 ,only f t po9t ( vantage1 h[ev]1 c\ld "o appreh5d t he _h p]=m$ ! ,atonem5t ( ,affliction = ! inh]itors ( ! ,k+dom4 ,9 ! meantime ! situation 0 entirely diff]5t3 8! believ]s0 _h tak5 ! place ( ! 8_m40 ,^? :o believe 9 ! messiah%ip ( ,jesus h ! =giv5ess ( s9s1--?is s5t5ce1 z ! s]mon at ,p5teco/ %[s1 0 a con/itu5t ( ! e>li] ,apo/olic prea*+ 7,acts #b3ch74 ,b to :at ext5t "o _h !reby =giv5ess ( s9s1--9 t consi/$ ! problem4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 hi/orically insoluble1 = accord+ to ,jesus' secret ( ! ,passion pg #bdd ! =giv5ess ( s9s appli$ n to ^? :o believe 9 ,jesus-,*ri/1 b to ! inh]itors ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!re=e1 h[ev] pr(\nd !y may be1 & h[ev] true to ! religi\s consci\sness ( _! "t1 none ( ! attempts to expla9 ! significance ( ! ,passion1 f ,paul to ,rits*l1 appreh5d ! ?\ght ( ,jesus1 because !y proce$ ^u an entirely diff]5t assumption4 ,z all ( ^! !ories s\ght nev]!less to legitimate !mselves hi/orically1 we witness ! a/oni%+ spectacle1 t ! mo/ div]se int]pretations ( 8 ,passion are put into ! m\? ( ,jesus1--( :i*1 h[ev]1 n "o c ev5 remotely expla9 h[ out ( su* a conception ! primitive ,apo/olic e/imate ( ! ,dea? c\ld h be5 d]iv$4 ,! same is true ( ! mod]n-hi/orical solution4 ,if ,jesus taught ! ,disciples to und]/& ! e?ical significance ( 8 dea?1 :y did ! primitive ,*ri/ian explanation ( ! ,passion conf9e itself to ! notion ( con=mity ) ,scripture & ! 8=giv5ess ( s9s08 ,to ?is "q ! mod]n-hi/orical solution furni%es no answ]4 ,! es*atologico-hi/orical1 on ! o!r h&1 is able to take acc\nt p]spectively ( ! necess>y di/ortion :i* ,jesus' idea ( ! ,passion pg #bde und]w5t 9 ! primitive ,*ur*4 ,x indicates :i* elem5ts alone ( ! ,passion secret c\ld /ill subsi/ aft] 8 dea?4 ,because x grasps ! connection betwe5 ! e>ly ,*ri/ian int]pretation & ! ?\ght ( ,jesus ! es*atologico-hi/orical solution is ! "r "o4 ,! abolition ( ! causal connection betwe5 ! dea? ( ,jesus & ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom 0 fatal to ! e>ly ,*ri/ian es*atology4 ,) ! secret ( ! ,passion1 ! secret ( ! ,k+dom likewise p]i%$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 meant no?+ less ?an t es*atology lo/ precisely t specific 8,*ri/ian0 "* :i* ,jesus _h imp>t$ to x4 ,! active e?ical elem5t :i* s]v$ to moralise x dropp$ out4 ,?us ! es*atology ( ! e>ly ,*ur* 0 8de*ri/ianis$0 by ,jesus' dea?4 ,!re) x sank back aga9 to ! level ( contempor>y ,jewi% ?\ght4 ,! ,k+dom is aga9 an object ( expectation m]ely4 ,t moral conv]sion is effective actively to ha/5 its com+1--?is secret 0 buri$ ) ,jesus4 ,n[ m5 rep5t$ & /rove aft] moral r5ewal z 9 ! days ( ! ,bapti/4 ,?is de*ri/ianis+ 0 manife/ especially 9 ! matt] ( ! f9al ,affliction4 pg #bdf ,accord+ to ! ,passion idea ( ! fir/ p]iod1 ! believ]s mu/ suff] along ) ! ,messiah2 accord+ to t ( ! second1 he 0 resolv$ to endure ! ,affliction = !m4 ,9 ! e>ly ,*ur* ! believ]s expect$ ! ,affliction be=e ! appe>+ ( ! ,messiah1 z 0 ! case 9 ! contempor>y ,jewi% conception2 = ! ,passion secret ( ,jesus 0 n kn[n to !m4 ,!re=e ! ,jewi% apocalypses belong$ to !m j z mu* z to ! o!r ,jews1 only ) ! diff]5ce t ! crucifi$ ,jesus 0 to be ! com+ ,messiah4 ,e>ly ,*ri/ian es*atology 0 !re=e /ill 8,*ri/ian0 only ?r\gh ! p]son ( ,jesus1 no long] ?r\gh 8 _s1 z 0 ! case 9 ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & 9 ! secret ( ! ,passion4 ,?is furni%es a crit]ion = judg+ 8! ,synoptic apocalypse0 7,m>k #ac74 ,ev5 ?\gh x may conta9 s+le es*atological say+s attributable to ,jesus1 ! disc\rse z su* is necess>ily unhi/orical4 ,x betrays ! p]spective ( ! "t aft] ,jesus' dea?4 ,dur+ ! days at ,j]usalem ,jesus c\ld speak ( no g5]al ,affliction be=e ! com+ ( ! ,son ( ,man4 ,! ,synoptic apocalypse /&s 9 direct contradiction to ! secret ( ! ,passion1 s9ce ?is inde$ simply pg #bdg aboli%es ! g5]al ,affliction ( ! la/ times4 ,!re=e x is unhi/orical4 ,apocalyptic disc\rses ) intimation ( ! f9al ,affliction belong to ! ,galilean p]iod at ! "t ( ! mission ( ! ,twelve4 ,! disc\rse to ! ,apo/les on t occasion is ! hi/orical ,synoptic apocalypse4 ,ab\t a "t ( affliction aft] 8 dea? ,jesus nev] utt]$ a ^w to 8 ,disciples1 = x lay beyond 8 field ( vision4 ,!re=e ) ! dea? ( ,jesus1 & precisely by reason ( x1 es*atology--not)/&+ t ! primitive ,*ri/ian community /ill completely liv$ 9 x--0 virtually done away )4 ,x 0 de/9$ to be =c$ out ( ! ,*ri/ian 8,weltans*auung10 = x 0 8de*ri/ianis$0 by ! fact t 9 p>t+ ) ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god & ! idea ( ! ,passion x _h =feit$ also ! inn] e?ical life :i* 0 brea!d into x by ,jesus4 ,a tree 9 full bloom /rick5 at ! root1--su* 0 ! fate ( es*atology1 to wilt & )]1 al?\gh no "o at fir/ suspect$ x 0 doom$4 ,9 ! fact t subsequ5t hi/ory compulsorily creat$ 9 ! ,*ur* an unes*atological view ( ! _w1 x only accompli%$ :at 9 ! nature ( ?+s 0 already det]m9$ by ,jesus' dea?4 pg #bdh ,! dea? ( ,jesus ! end ( es*atology6 ,! ,messiah :o ^u e>? 0 n su*--! end ( ! messianic expectation6 ,! view ( ! _w 9 :i* ,jesus liv$ & prea*$ 0 es*atological3 ! 8,*ri/ian view ( ! _w0 :i* he f\nd$ by 8 dea? c>ries mank9d =ev] beyond es*atology6 ,t is ! great secret ( ! ,*ri/ian 8s*eme ( salvation40 ,= ,jesus & 8 ,disciples 8 dea? 01 accord+ to ! es*atological view1 m]ely a transitional ev5t4 ,z soon1 h[ev]1 z ! ev5t occurr$ x became ! c5tral fact ^u :i* ! new1 unes*atological view 0 built up4 ,9 primitive ,*ri/ianity ! old & new 7 /ill side by side4 ,! adh]5ts ( ,jesus believ$ 9 ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom because 8 impos+ p]sonality accr$it$ ! message4 ,! ,*ur* aft] 8 dea? believ$ 9 8 messiah%ip & expect$ ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,we believe t 9 8 e?ical-religi\s p]sonality1 z reveal$ 9 8 m9i/ry & suff]+1 ! ,messiah & ! ,k+dom are come4 ,! situation may be lik5$ to ! c\rse ( ! sun4 ,its brightness breaks =? :ile x is /ill beh9d ! m\nta9s4 ,! d>k cl\ds take col\r f its rays1 & ! conflict pg #bdi ( light & d>kness produces a play ( fanta/ic imag]y4 ,! sun itself is n yet visible3 x is !re only 9 ! s5se t ! light issues f x4 ,z ! sun beh9d ! morn+ gl[1--s appe>$ ! p]sonality ( ,jesus ( ,naz>e? to 8 contempor>ies 9 ! pre-messianic age4 ,at ! mom5t :5 ! heav5 gl[s ) int5se/ col\r+ ! sun itself rises above ! horizon4 ,b ) ?is ! weal? ( col\r beg9s gradually to dim9i%4 ,! fanta/ic images pale & vani% because ! sun itself dissolves ! cl\ds ^u :i* !y are =m$4 ,z ! ris+ sun above ! horizon1--s appe>$ ,jesus ,*ri/ to ! primitive ,*ur* 9 its es*atological expectation4 ,z ! sun at midday1--s he appe>s to u4 ,we "k no?+ ( morn+ & ev5+ gl[2 we see only ! :ite brilliance :i* p]vades all4 ,b ! fact t ! sun n[ %9es = u 9 su* a light does n ju/ify u 9 conceiv+ ! sunrise also z if x 7 a brilliant disk ( midday brightness em]g+ above ! horizon4 ,our mod]n view ( ,jesus' dea? is true1 true 9 its inmo/ nature1 because x reflects 8 e?ical-religi\s p]sonality 9 ! ?\ghts ( our "t4 ,b :5 we import ?is into ! hi/ory pg #bej ( ,jesus & ( primitive ,*ri/ianity we commit ! same blund] z 7 we to pa9t ! sunrise )\t ! morn+ gl[4 ,9 g5u9e hi/orical k !re is lib]at+ & help+ p[]4 ,our fai? is built ^u ! p]sonality ( ,jesus4 ,b betwe5 our _w-view & t 9 :i* he liv$ & lab\r$ !re lies a deep & seem+ly unbridgeable gulf4 ,m5 !re=e saw !mselves oblig$ to deta* z x 7 8 p]sonality f 8 _w-view & t\* x up ) mod]n col\rs4 ,?is produc$ a picture ( ,jesus :i* 0 /rangely lifeless & vague4 ,"o got a hybrid figure1 half mod]n1 half antique4 ,) mu* else t is mod]n1 m5 transf]r$ to him our mod]n psy*ology1 )\t always recognis+ cle>ly t x is n applicable to him & necess>ily belittles him4 ,= x is d]iv$ f m$iocre m9ds :i* are a pat*work ( op9ions & appreh5d & obs]ve !mselves only 9 a con/ant flux ( developm5t4 ,jesus1 h[ev]1 is a sup]human p]sonality m\ld$ 9 "o piece4 ,?us mod]n !ology does viol5ce to hi/ory & psy*ology1 inasmu* z x _c prove :at "r we h to segregate ,jesus f 8 age1 to translate 8 p]sonality into ! t]ms ( our mod]n ?\ght1 & to conceive pg #bea ( him z 8,messiah0 & 8,son ( ,god0 outside ( ! ,jewi% framework4 ,g5u9e hi/orical k1 h[ev]1 re/ores to !ology full fre$om ( movem5t6 ,x pres5ts to x ! p]sonality ( ,jesus 9 an es*atological _w-view1 yet "o :i* is mod]n ?r\gh & ?r\gh because ,8 mighty _s p]vades x4 ,?is ,jesus is f> great] ?an ! "o conceiv$ 9 mod]n t]ms3 he is really a sup]human p]sonality4 ,) 8 dea? he de/roy$ ! =m ( 8 8,weltans*auung10 r5d]+ 8 own es*atology impossible4 ,!reby he gives to all peoples & to all times ! "r to appreh5d him 9 t]ms ( _! ?\ghts & conceptions1 9 ord] t 8 _s may p]vade _! 8,weltans*auung0 z x quick5$ & transfigur$ ! ,jewi% es*atology4 ,!re=e may mod]n !ology1 j by reason ( a g5u9e hi/orical k1 claim fre$om ( movem5t1 )\t be+ hamp]$ cont9ually by petty hi/orical exp$i5ts :i* n[adays are (t5 resort$ to at ! exp5se ( hi/orical v]acity4 ,!ology is n b\nd to graze 9 a paddock4 ,x is free1 = its task is to f\nd our ,*ri/ian view ( ! _w solely ^u ! p]sonality ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 irrespective ( ! pg #beb =m 9 :i* x express$ itself 9 8 "t4 ,he himself has de/roy$ ?is =m ) 8 dea?4 ,hi/ory prompts !ology to ?is unhi/orical /ep4 ,z ,jesus gave up ! gho/1 ! ,roman c5turion said1 8,truly ?is man 0 ! ,son ( ,god0 7,mk #ae3ci74 ,?us at ! mom5t ( 8 dea? ! l(ty dignity ( ,jesus 0 set free = expression 9 all tongues1 among all nations1 & = all philosophies4 pg #bec ,,*apt] ,x ,,summ>y ,,( ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,jesus ,,! 8,life ( ,jesus0 is limit$ to ! la/ mon?s ( 8 exi/5ce on e>?4 ,at ! season ( ! summ] se$-s[+ he began 8 m9i/ry & end$ x ^u ! cross at ,ea/] ( ! foll[+ ye>4 ,8 public m9i/ry may be c\nt$ 9 weeks4 ,! fir/ p]iod ext5ds f se$ "t to h>ve/2 ! second comprises ! days ( 8 appe>ance 9 ,j]usalem4 ,autumn & w9t] he sp5t 9 hea!n t]ritory alone ) 8 ,disciples4 ,be=e him ! ,bapti/ _h appe>$ & _h borne emphatic witness to ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom & ! com+ ( ! mighty pre-messianic ,=]unn]1 ) ^: appe>ance ! p\r+ out ( ! ,holy ,gho/ %\ld take place4 ,accord+ to ,joel1 ?is among o!r miracles 0 ! sign t ! ,day ( ,judgm5t 0 imm95t4 ,john himself nev] imag9$ t he 0 ?is ,=]unn]2 nor did su* a ?\ght occur to ! p1 = he _h n u%]$ 9 ! age ( miracles4 pg #bed ,he is a prophet1--t 0 ! univ]sal op9ion4 ,ab\t ,jesus' e>li] developm5t we "k no?+4 ,all lies 9 ! d>k4 ,only ?is is sure3 at 8 baptism ! secret ( 8 exi/5ce 0 disclos$ to him1--namely1 t he 0 ! "o :om ,god _h de/9$ to be ! ,messiah4 ,) ?is revelation he 0 complete1 & und]w5t no fur!r developm5t4 ,= n[ he is assur$ t1 until ! ne> com+ ( ! messianic age :i* 0 to reveal 8 glori\s dignity1 he has to lab\r = ! ,k+dom z ! unrecognis$ & hidd5 ,messiah1 & mu/ approve & purify himself toge!r ) 8 fri5ds 9 ! f9al ,affliction4 ,! idea ( suff]+ 0 ?us includ$ 9 8 messianic consci\sness1 j z ! notion ( ! pre-messianic ,affliction 0 indissolubly connect$ ) ! expectation ( ! ,k+dom4 ,e>?ly ev5ts c\ld n influ5ce ,jesus' c\rse4 ,8 secret rais$ him above ! _w1 ev5 ?\gh he /ill walk$ z a man among m54 ,8 appe>+ & 8 proclamation h to d only ) ! ne> approa* ( ! ,k+dom4 ,8 prea*+ is t ( ,john1 only t he confirms x by signs4 ,al?\gh 8 secret controls all 8 prea*+1 yet no pg #bee "o may "k ( x1 = he mu/ rema9 unrecognis$ till ! new on dawns4 ,l 8 secret1 s also is 8 :ole e?ical outlook rul$ by ! contra/ ( 8,n[ & ,!n40 ,x is a "q ( rep5tance unto ! ,k+dom1 & ! conque/ ( ! righte\sness :i* r5d]s "o fit = x1--= only ! righte\s inh]it ! ,k+dom4 ,?is righte\sness is high] ?an t ( ! ,law1 = he kn[s t ! law & ! ,prophets prophesi$ until ,john1--) ! ,bapti/1 h[ev]1 "o f9ds oneself 9 ! ages ( ! ,=]unn]1 imm$iately be=e ! dawn ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!re=e1 z ! future ,messiah1 he mu/ prea* & "w t high] morality4 ,! poor 9 _s1 ! meek1 ^? t endure suff]+1 ^? t hung] & ?ir/ aft] righte\sness1 ! m]ciful1 ! pure 9 he>t1 ! peacemak]s1--^! all are bless$ because by ?is m>k !y are de/9$ = ! ,k+dom4 ,beh9d ?is e?ical prea*+ looms ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,t :i*1 z p]=m$ by ! individual1 con/itutes moral r5ewal 9 prep>ation = ! ,k+dom1 signifies1 z accompli%$ by ! community1 a fact ?r\gh :i* ! realisation ( ! ,k+dom 9 a sup]natural way w pg #bef be ha/5$4 ,?us individual & social e?ics bl5d 9 ! great secret4 ,z ! pl5tiful h>ve/1 by ,god's wond]ful work+1 foll[s my/]i\sly ^u ! s[+1 s comes also ! ,k+dom ( ,god1 by reason ( man's moral r5ewal1 b sub/antially )\t 8 assi/ance4 ,! p>able conta9s also ! sugge/ion ( a *ronological co9cid5ce4 ,jesus spoke at ! season ( se$-s[+ & expect$ ! ,k+dom at ! "t ( ! h>ve/4 ,nature 0 ,god's clock4 ,) ! la/ se$-s[+ he _h set x = ! la/ "t4 ,! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god is ! transfiguration 9 cele/ial light ( ! e?ics ( ! e>ly prophets1 accord+ to :i* also ! f9al /ate ( glory w be br\ght ab\t by ,god only on condition ( ! moral conv]sion ( ,israel4 ,9 sov]eign /yle ,jesus effects ! syn!sis ( ! apocalyptic ( ,daniel & ! e?ics ( ! ,prophets4 ,) him x is n a "q ( es*atological e?ics1 r is 8 _w view an e?ical es*atology4 ,z su* x is mod]n4 ,! signs & wond]s also come "u a d\ble po9t ( view4 ,= ! p !y are m]ely to confirm ! prea*+ ( ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom4 ,:osoev] n[ does n believe t ! "t is s f> advanc$1 pg #beg he has no excuse4 ,! signs & wond]s condemn him1 = !y pla9ly atte/ t ! p[] ( ungodl9ess is com+ to an end4 ,= ,jesus1 h[ev]1 !re lay beh9d ?is affirmation ! secret ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,:5 ! ,ph>isees wi%$ to ascribe ^! v signs to ! p[] ( ,satan1 he allud$ to ! secret by a p>able4 ,by 8 acts he b9ds ! p[] ( ungodl9ess1 z "o falls ^u a /rong man & r5d]s him h>mless be=e attempt+ to rob him ( 8 possessions4 ,:]e=e1 9 s5d+ out 8 ,apo/les1 he gives !m1 toge!r ) ! *>ge to prea*1 au?ority ov] unclean spirits4 ,!y are to deal ! la/ bl[4 ,a ?ird elem5t 9 ! prea*+ ( ! ,k+dom 0 ! intimation ( ! pre-messianic ,affliction4 ,! believ]s mu/ be prep>$ to pass ) him ?r\gh t "t ( trial1 9 :i* !y are to prove !mselves ! elect ( ! ,k+dom by /$fa/ resi/ance to ! la/ attack ( ! p[] ( ! _w4 ,?is attack w conc5trate ab\t 8 p]son2 !re=e !y mu/ /& by him ev5 unto dea?4 ,only life 9 ,god's ,k+dom is real life4 ,! ,son ( ,man w judge !m accord+ z !y h /ood by him1 ,jesus1 or no4 ,?us ,jesus at ! conclusion ( ! pg #beh ,beatitudes turns to 8 own ,disciples ) ! words 8,bless$ are ye :5 m5 p]secute y = my sake40 ,! *>ge to ! ,apo/les turns into a consid]ation ( ! ,affliction4 ,! embassage to ! ,bapti/ ab\t ! imm95ce ( ! ,k+dom concludes ) ! ^w 8,bless$ is he :osoev] %all n be (f5d$ 9 me40 ,at ,be?saida1 ! morn+ aft] he _h celebrat$ ! ,supp] by ! sea%ore1 he adjur$ ! multitude to /& by him1 ev5 :5 he %all become an object ( %ame & scorn 9 ?is s9ful _w1--_! bless$ness dep5ds ^u ?is4 ,?is ,affliction meant n only a probation b also an atonem5t4 ,x is =eorda9$ 9 ! messianic drama1 because ,god requires ( ! adh]5ts ( ! ,k+dom a satisfaction = _! transgressions 9 ?is on4 ,b he is almighty4 ,9 ?is omnipot5ce he det]m9es ! "q ( memb]%ip 9 ! ,k+dom & ! place ea* %all occupy !re91 )\t himself be+ b\nd by any det]m9+ cause :atsoev]4 ,s also 9 view ( 8 omnipot5ce ! necessity ( ! f9al ,affliction is only relative4 ,he c abrogate x4 ,! la/ ?ree petitions ( ! ,"l's ,pray] contemplate ?is possibility4 ,aft] besee*+ ,god t he w\ld s5d ! pg #bei ,k+dom1 t 8 "n might be bless$ & 8 w be done on e>? z x is 9 heav51 m5 beg him to =give !m ! transgressions & sp>e !m ! ,temptation1 rescu+ !m directly f ! p[] ( evil4 ,?is 0 ! cont5t ( ,jesus' prea*+ dur+ ! fir/ p]iod4 ,he rema9$ ?r\gh\t ?is "t on ! nor!rn %ore ( ! lake4 ,*oraz91 ,be?saida1 & ,cap]naum 7 ! pr9cipal c5tres ( 8 activity4 ,f !nce he made an excursion across ! lake to ! region ( ! ,t5 ,cities & a j\rney to ,naz>e?4 ,precisely 9 ! t[ns :i* 7 ! sc5es ( 8 *ief activity he enc\nt]$ unbelief4 ,! curse :i* he mu/ utt] ov] !m is pro( ( x4 ,! ,ph>isees1 moreov]1 7 ho/ile & s\ght to discr$it him ) ! p1 on acc\nt ( 8 v miracles4 ,9 ,naz>e? he _h exp]i5ce ( ! fact t a prophet is )\t hon\r 9 8 own c\ntry4 ,?us ! ,galilean p]iod 0 any?+ b a =tunate "o4 ,su* outw>d ill success1 h[ev]1 signifi$ no?+ = ! com+ ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! unbeliev+ cities m]ely br\ght d[n judgm5t ^u !mselves4 ,jesus _h o!r my/]i\s indications = measur+ ! approa* ( ! ,k+dom4 ,by pg #bfj ^! he recognis$ t ! "t 0 come4 ,= ?is reason he s5t =? ! ,apo/les j z !y 7 return+ f ,naz>e?1 = x 0 h>ve/ "t4 ,by means ( _! prea*+ & _! signs ! reputation ( 8 mighty p]sonality spread f> & wide4 ,n[ beg9s ! "t ( success6 ,john 9 prison he>s ( x & s5ds 8 disciples to ask him if he is 8he t %\ld come10 = f 8 miracles he conclud$ t ! "t ( ! mighty ,=]unn] :om he _h h]ald$ _h arriv$4 ,jesus p]=m$ signs1 8 ,disciples _h p[] ov] ! spirits4 ,:5 he spoke ( ! ,judgm5t he laid /ress ^u ! fact t ! ,son ( ,man /ood 9 su* solid>ity ) him t he w\ld recognise only su* z _h /ood by him1 ,jesus4 ,! p !re=e op9$ t he might be ! "o = :om all 7 look+1 & ! ,bapti/ desir$ to h assurance on ?is po9t4 ,jesus _c tell him :o he is4 8,! "t is f> advanc$0--t is ! gi/ ( 8 reply4 ,aft] ! dep>ture ( ! mess5g]s ,jesus turn$ to ! p & signifi$ 9 my/]i\s t]ms t ! "t is inde$ mu* fur!r advanc$ ?an ! ,bapti/ dream$ 9 ask+ su* a "q4 ,! era ( ! ,=]unn] _h already begun pg #bfa ) ! appe>ance ( ! ,bapti/ himself4 ,f t "t on ! ,k+dom ( ,god is ) viol5ce compell$ to draw ne>4 ,he himself :o asks ! "q is ,elijah--if !y c\ld compreh5d x4 ,m5 7 n able to p]ceive t ! man 9 prison 0 ,elijah4 ,:5 he began 8 prea*+1 !y knew n ! "t4 ,t 0 due n alone to ! fact t ,john p]=m$ no miracles1 b to ! h>d5+ ( _! he>ts4 ,!y are unreasonable *ildr5 t d n "k :at !y want4 ,n[ !re is "o "h :o p]=ms signs1--b ev5 on 8 te/imony !y d n believe ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom4 ,s ! curse ^u ,*oraz9 & ,be?saida concludes ! 8eulogy ^u ! ,bapti/40 ,! s5d+ ( ! ,twelve 0 ! la/ ef=t = br++ ab\t ! ,k+dom4 ,z !y !n return$1 ann\nc$ to him _! success1 & report$ t !y _h p[] ov] ! evil spirits1 x signifi$ to him1 all is ready4 ,s n[ he expects ! dawn ( ! ,k+dom 9 ! mo/ imm$iate future1--x _h seem$ to him1 inde$1 already d\btful :e!r ! ,twelve w\ld return be=e ?is ev5t4 ,he _h ev5 said to !m t ! appe>+ ( ! ,son ( ,man w\ld ov]take !m be=e !y _h gone ?r\gh ! cities ( ,israel4 pg #bfb ,8 "w is done4 ,n[ he requires to collect himself & to be alone ) 8 ,disciples4 ,!y ent] a boat & sail along ! coa/ t[>ds ! nor?4 ,b ! multitude :i* _h ga!r$ ab\t him at ! prea*+ ( ! ,disciples1 9 ord] to await ! ,k+dom ) him1 n[ foll[ aft] !m along ! %ore & surprise !m at _! l&+ ^u a lonely bea*4 ,z x 0 ev5+ ! ,disciples desir$ t he w\ld s5d ! p away to f9d food 9 ! neighb\r+ hamlets4 ,= him1 h[ev]1 ! h\r is too solemn to be pr(an$ by an e>?ly meal4 ,be=e s5d+ !m away he bids !m sit d[n & celebrates ) !m an anticipation ( ! messianic fea/4 ,to ! community t 0 ga!r$ ab\t him to await ! ,k+dom1 he1 ! ,messiah to be1 di/ributes hall[$ food1 my/]i\sly consecrat+ !m !reby to be p>tak]s ( ! heav5ly banquet4 ,z !y did n "k 8 secret1 !y und]/ood z little z did 8 ,disciples ! significance ( 8 act4 ,!y compreh5d$ only t x meant some?+ wond]fully solemn1 & !y que/ion$ )9 !mselves ab\t x4 ,!reupon he s5t !m away4 ,he ord]$ ! ,disciples to skirt ! coa/ to ,be?saida4 pg #bfc ,= 8 "p he betook himself to ! m\nta9 to pray & !n foll[$ along ! %ore on foot4 ,z 8 figure appe>$ to !m 9 ! obscurity ( ! night !y believ$--"u ! impression ( ! ,supp] :]e he /ood be=e !m 9 my/]i\s maje/y--t 8 sup]natural app>ition approa*$ !m ov] ! turbul5t waves ?r\gh :i* !y 7 toil+ to ! %ore4 ,! morn+ aft] ! ,supp] by ! sea%ore he collect$ ! p & ! ,disciples ab\t him at ,be?saida & w>n$ !m to /& by him & n to d5y him 9 ! humiliation4 ,six days lat] he goes ) ! ,?ree to ! m\nta9 :]e he _h pray$ alone4 ,!re he is reveal$ to !m z ! ,messiah4 ,on ! way home he =bade !m to say any?+ ab\t x until at ! ,resurrection he %\ld be reveal$ 9 ! glory ( ! ,son ( ,man4 ,!y1 h[ev]1 /ill rem>k ! failure ( ,elijah to appe>1 :o yet mu/ come be=e ! ,resurrection ( ! dead c take place4 ,!y 7 n pres5t at ! eulogy ov] ! ,bapti/ to he> ! my/]i\s intimation he let fall4 ,he mu/ !re=e make x cle> to !m n[ t ! behead$ prison] 0 ,elijah4 ,!y %\ld take no (f5ce at 8 fate1 = x 0 s orda9$4 ,he also :o pg #bfd is to be ,son ( ,man mu/ suff] _m ?+s & be set at naught4 ,s ! ,scripture w h x4 ,! ,k+dom :i* ,jesus expect$ s v soon fail$ to make its appe>ance4 ,?is fir/ es*atological delay & po/ponem5t 0 mom5t\s = ! fate ( ! ,gospel tradition1 inasmu* z n[ all ! ev5ts relat$ to ! mission ( ! ,twelve became un9telligible1 because all consci\sness 0 lo/ ( ! fact t ! mo/ int5se es*atological expectation !n inspir$ ,jesus & 8 foll[+4 ,h5ce x is t precisely ?is p]iod is confus$ & obscure 9 ! acc\nts1 & all ! m s because sev]al incid5ts rema9$ enigmatical to ^? ev5 :o _h a "p 9 ! exp]i5ce4 ,?us ! sacram5tal ,supp] by ! sea%ore became 9 ! tradition a 8miracul\s fe$+10 9 a s5se totally diff]5t f t :i* ,jesus _h 9 m9d4 ,!re)1 too1 ! motives ( ,jesus' disappe>ance became un9telligible4 ,x seems to be a case ( flight1 :ile on ! o!r h& ! acc\nts give no h9t h[ matt]s _h come to su* a pass4 ,! key to ! hi/orical und]/&+ ( ! life ( ,jesus lies 9 ! p]ception ( ! two correspond+ po9ts at :i* ! es*atological expectation pg #bfe culm9at$4 ,dur+ ! days at ,j]usalem !re 0 a return ( ! en?usiasm :i* _h already %[$ itself 9 ! days at ,be?saida4 ,)\t ?is assumption we are left ) a yawn+ gap 9 ! ,gospel tradition betwe5 ! mission ( ! ,twelve & ! j\rney to ,j]usalem4 ,hi/orians f9d !mselves compell$ to inv5t a p]iod ( ,galilean defeat 9 ord] to e/abli% "s connection betwe5 ! record$ facts1--z if a section 7 miss+ 9 our ,gospels4 ,t is ! weak po9t ( all ! 8lives ( ,jesus40 ,by 8 retreat into ! region ( ! ,g5es>e? ,jesus )drew himself f ! ,ph>isees & ! p 9 ord] to be alone ) 8 ,disciples1 z he _h 9 va9 tri$ to d s9ce _! return f _! mission4 ,he urg5tly ne$$ su* a retreat1 = he _h to come to an und]/&+ ab\t two messianic facts4 ,:y is ! ,bapti/ execut$ by ! secul> au?ority be=e ! messianic "t has dawn$8 ,:y does ! ,k+dom fail to appe> not)/&+ t ! tok5s ( its dawn+ are pres5t8 ,! secret is made kn[n to him ?r\gh ! ,scripture3 ,god br+s ! ,k+dom pg #bff ab\t )\t ! g5]al ,affliction4 ,he :om ,god has de/9$ to reign 9 glory accompli%es x ^u himself by be+ tri$ z a malefactor & condemn$4 ,:]e=e ! o!rs g free3 he makes ! atonem5t = !m4 ,:at ?\gh !y believe t ,god puni%es him1 ?\gh !y become (f5d$ 9 him :o prea*$ unto !m righte\sness1--:5 aft] 8 ,passion ! glory dawns1 !n %all !y see t he has suff]$ = !m4 ,?us ,jesus read 9 ! ,prophet ,isaiah :at ,god _h det]m9$ = him1 ! ,elect4 ,! end ( ! ,bapti/ %[$ him 9 :at =m he 0 de/9$ to suff] ?is condemnation3 he mu/ be put to dea? by ! secul> au?ority z a malefactor 9 ! sight ( all ! p4 ,!re=e he mu/ make 8 way up to ,j]usalem = ! season :5 all ,israel is ga!r$ !re4 ,z soon !re=e z ! "t came = ! ,passov] pilgrimage he set out ) 8 ,disciples4 ,be=e !y left ! nor? c\ntry he ask$ !m :om ! p took him to be4 ,= reply !y c\ld only say t he 0 tak5 = ,elijah4 ,b ,pet]1 m9dful ( ! revelation on ! m\nta9 ne> ,be?saida1 said3 ,?\ art ! ,son ( ,god4 ,:]eupon ,jesus in=m$ !m ( 8 secret4 pg #bfg ,yes1 he x is :o %all be reveal$ z ,son ( ,man at ! ,resurrection4 ,b be=e t1 x is decre$ t he mu/ be deliv]$ to ! high prie/s & eld]s to be condemn$ & put to dea?4 ,god s wills x4 ,= ?is cause !y are go+ up to ,j]usalem4 ,pet] res5ts ?is new disclosure1 = 9 ! revelation on ! m\nta9 !re 0 no?+ said to su* an effect4 ,he takes ,jesus ap>t & appeals to him en]getically4 ,:]eupon he is %>ply rebuk$ z "o :o gives e> to human consid]ations :5 ,god speaks4 ,?is j\rney to ,j]usalem 0 ! fun]al m>* to victory4 ,)9 ! secret ( ! ,passion lay conceal$ ! secret ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!y m>*$ aft] him1 & knew only t :5 all ?is 0 accompli%$ he w\ld be ,messiah4 ,!y 7 sorr[ful = :at mu/ come to pass2 !y did n und]/& :y x mu/ be s1 & !y dur/ n ask him4 ,b above all1 _! ?\ghts 7 occupi$ ab\t ! conditions t await$ !m 9 ! approa*+ ,k+dom4 ,:5 once he 0 ,messiah1 :at w\ld !y !n be8 ,t occupi$ _! m9ds1 & ab\t x !y talk$ ) "o ano!r4 ,b he reprov$ !m & expla9$ :y he mu/ pg #bfh suff]4 ,only ?r\gh humiliation & ! meek sacrifice ( s]vice is "o prep>$ to reign 9 ! ,k+dom ( ,god4 ,!re=e mu/ he1 :o %all ex]cise supreme au?ority z ,son ( ,man1 make n[ an atonem5t = _m by giv+ up 8 life 9 meek sacrifice4 ,) ! arrival ^u ! ,jewi% t]ritory beg9s ! second p]iod ( ,jesus' public m9i/ry4 ,he is aga9 surr\nd$ by ! p4 ,9 ,j]i*o a multitude ga!rs to see him pass ?r\gh4 ,by ! heal+ ( a bl9d begg>1 ! son ( ,timu1 ! p are conv9c$ t he is ! great ,=]unn]1 j z !y ?\ght already 9 ,galilee4 ,! jubilant multitudes prep>e = him a fe/al entry into ,j]usalem4 ,z ! "o :o accord+ to prophecy prec$es ! ,messiah !y acclaim him ) ,hosanna4 ,hosanna 9 ! highe/1 h[ev]1 is _! acclaim ( ! ,k+dom ab\t to appe>4 ,!re) ! same situation is rea*$ aga9 z 9 ! great days ne> ,be?saida3 ,jesus is ?rong$ by ! multitudes expectant ( ! ,k+dom4 ,! in/ruction conta9$ 9 ! p>ables :i* 7 utt]$ at ,j]usalem has to d ) ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom4 ,!y are cries ( w>n+1 ) a note ( m5ace z well = ^? t h>d5 _! he>ts pg #bfi aga9/ ! message4 ,:at agitates m5's m9ds is n ! "q1 ,is he ! ,messiah1 or no8 b1 ,is ! ,k+dom s ne> z he says1 or no8 ,! ,ph>isees & ,scribes knew n :at h\r _h /ruck4 ,!y %[$ a complete lack ( s5sibility = ! ne>ness ( ! ,k+dom1 = else !y c\ld n h prop\nd$ to him que/ions :i* 9 view ( ! advanc$ h\r _h lo/ all significance4 ,:at diff]5ce does x make n[ ab\t ! ,roman tribute8 ,:at d ! f>fet*$ ,sadduceean argum5ts am\nt to aga9/ ! possibility ( ! resurrection ( ! dead8 ,soon1 ) ! adv5t ( ! ,k+dom1 all e>?ly rule is done away1 z well z ! e>?ly human nature itself4 ,if only !y und]/ood ! signs ( ! times6 ,he proposes to !m two que/ions1 :i* %\ld cause !m to pond] & h5ce take note t ! "t !y live 9 is pregnant ) a great secret :i* is n dream$ ( 9 ! le>n+ ( ! ,scribes4 ,by :at au?ority did ! ,bapti/ act8 ,if !y b knew t he 0 ! ,=]unn]1 z ,jesus _h my/]i\sly sugge/$ to ! p1 !n !y mu/ "k too t ! h\r ( ! ,k+dom _h /ruck4 ,h[ is ! ,messiah at "o "t ,david's pg #bgj ,son--t is1 subord9ate to him2 at ano!r1 ,david's ,"l--t is1 8 sup]ior8 ,if !y c\ld expla9 t1 !n w\ld !y und]/& also h[ he :o n[ lab\rs l[ly & unkn[n 9 behalf ( ,god's ,k+dom %all be reveal$ z ,"l & ,*ri/4 ,b z x is !y d n ev5 suspect t ! messianic indications h>b\r secrets4 ,) all _! le>n+ !y are bl9d lead]s ( ! bl9d1 :o1 in/ead ( mak+ ! p receptive = ! ,k+dom1 h>d5 _! he>ts1 & in/ead ( draw+ out f ! ,law ! high] morality :i* r5d]s m5 meet = ! ,k+dom1 lab\r aga9/ x ) _! petty outw>d precepts & draw ! p aft] !m to p]dition4 ,h5ce3 ,woe to ! ,ph>isees & scribes6 ,true1 ev5 among !m are su* z h kept an op5 eye4 ,! scribe :o put to him ! "q ab\t ! great comm&m5t & welcom$ 8 reply is comm5d$ z 8hav+ und]/&+0 & !re=e 8n f> f ! ,k+dom ( ,god10--= he %all belong to x :5 x appe>s4 ,b ! mass ( ! ,ph>isees & scribes und]/& him s little t !y decree 8 dea?4 ,!y _h no effective *>ge to br+ aga9/ 8 behavi\r4 ,a disrespectful ^w ab\t ! ,temple--t 0 all4 pg #bga ,!n ,judas betray$ to !m ! secret4 ,n[ he 0 condemn$4 ,9 ! neighb\rhood ( dea? ,jesus draws himself up to ! same triumphant /ature z 9 ! days by ! seaside1--= ) dea? comes ! ,k+dom4 ,on t occasion he _h celebrat$ ) ! believ]s a my/ic fea/ z an anticipation ( ! messianic banquet2 s n[ he rises at ! end ( ! la/ e>?ly supp] & di/ributes to ! ,disciples hall[$ food & dr9k1 intimat+ to !m ) a solemn voice t ?is is ! la/ e>?ly meal1 = !y are soon to be unit$ at ! banquet 9 ! ,fa!r's ,k+dom4 ,two correspond+ p>ables sugge/ ! secret ( ! ,passion4 ,= him1 ! bread & w9e :i* he h&s !m at ! ,supp] are 8 body & 8 blood1 = by ! sacrifice ( himself unto dea? he u%]s 9 ! messianic fea/4 ,! p>abolic say+ rema9$ obscure to ! ,disciples4 ,x 0 also n int5d$ = !m1 its purpose 0 n to expla9 any?+ to !m1--= x 0 an enigma-p>able4 ,n[1 z ! great h\r approa*es1 he seeks aga91 z aft] ! ,supp] by ! sea%ore1 a lonely spot :]e he may pray4 ,he be>s ! ,affliction = o!rs4 ,!re=e he c say to ! ,disciples be=eh& t 9 ! pg #bgb night !y %all all be (f5d$ 9 him--& he does n ne$ to condemn !m1 = ! ,scripture _h s det]m9$ x4 ,:at endless peace lies 9 ?is ^w6 ,inde$1 he com=ts !m3 aft] ! ,resurrection he w ga!r !m ab\t him & g be=e !m 9 messianic glory unto ,galilee1 retrac+ ! same road along :i* !y _h foll[$ him on 8 way to dea?4 ,x /ill rema9$1 h[ev]1 )9 ! scope ( ,god's omnipot5ce to elim9ate ! ,affliction = him also4 ,:]e=e1 z once he pray$ ) ! believ]s1 8,& lead u n into ! ,temptation10 s n[ he prays = himself1 t ,god may p]mit ! cup ( suff]+ to pass 8 lips by4 ,true1 if x be ,god's w1 he feels himself /rong en\gh to dr9k x4 ,he is sorr[ful r = ! ,?ree4 ,! sons ( ,zeb$ee1 to ga9 ! seats ^u ! ?rone1 h boa/$ t !y c dr9k ) him ! cup ( suff]+ & receive ) him ! baptism ( suff]+4 ,pet] swore t he w\ld /& by him ev5 if he mu/ die ) him4 ,he kn[s n :at ,god has orda9$ = !m1--:e!r he w lay ^u !m :at !y desire to und]take4 ,!re=e he bids !m rema9 ne> him4 ,& :ile he prays ,god = himself he ?9ks ( !m & twice wakes !m up1 bidd+ pg #bgc !m rema9 awake & besee* ,god t he may n lead !m ?r\gh ! ,temptation4 ,! ?ird "t he comes to !m ! betray] ) 8 b& is ne>4 ,! h\r is come1--!re=e he draws himself up to ! full /ature ( 8 maje/y4 ,he is alone1 8 ,disciples flee4 ,! he>+ ( witnesses is m]ely a pret5ce4 ,aft] !y h gone ! ,high ,prie/ puts directly ! "q ab\t ! messiah%ip4 8,i am10 said ,jesus1 ref]r+ !m at ! same "t to ! h\r :5 he %all appe> z ,son ( ,man on ! cl\ds ( heav5 surr\nd$ by ! angels4 ,!re=e he 0 f\nd guilty ( blasphemy & condemn$ to dea?4 ,on ! aft]noon ( ! f\rte5? ( ,nisan1 z !y ate ! ,pas*al lamb at ev51 he utt]$ a l\d cry & di$4 pg #bgd ,,po/script ,,! judgm5ts pass$ ^u ?is reali/ic acc\nt ( ! life ( ,jesus may be v div]se1 accord+ to ! dogmatic1 hi/orical1 or lit]>y po9t ( view ( ! critics4 ,only1 ) ! aim ( ! book may !y n f9d fault3 to depict ! figure ( ,jesus 9 its ov]:elm+ h]oic greatness & to impress x ^u ! mod]n age & ^u ! mod]n !ology4 ,! h]oic rec$es f our mod]n 8,weltans*auung10 our ,*ri/ianity1 & our conception ( ! p]son ( ,jesus4 ,:]e=e m5 h humanis$ & humbl$ him4 ,r5an has /ripp$ (f 8 halo & r$uc$ him to a s5tim5tal figure1 c[>d spirits l ,s*op5hau] h d>$ to appeal to him = _! en]vat+ philosophy1 & our g5]ation has mod]nis$ him1 ) ! notion t x c\ld compreh5d 8 "* & developm5t psy*ologically4 ,we mu/ g back to ! po9t :]e we c feel aga9 ! h]oic 9 ,jesus4 ,be=e t my/]i\s ,p]son1 :o1 9 ! =m ( 8 "t1 knew t he 0 creat+ pg #bge ^u ! f\ndation ( 8 life & dea? a moral _w :i* be>s 8 "n1 we mu/ be =c$ to lay our faces 9 ! du/1 )\t d>+ ev5 to wi% to und]/& 8 nature4 ,only !n c ! h]oic 9 our ,*ri/ianity & 9 our 8,weltans*auung0 be aga9 reviv$4 ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes ,i h us$ scans ( two copies ( ! orig9al v]sion ( ! book3 "o f ! ,new ,york ,public libr>y 7scann$ by ,google7 & "o f ! ,univ]sity ( ,pr9ceton4 ,?is 0 necess>y because bo? books _h consid]able h&-writt5 additions_/*anges t obscur$ ! orig9al text4 ,bo? are available f ! ,int]net ,ar*ive4 ,! =matt+ ( bo? ! 4htm & 4txt files has foll[$ t ( a simil> book1 ,! ,que/ ( ! ,hi/oric ,jesus1 already 9 ,project ,gut5b]g4 ,evid5tly ?is 0 a poor *oice s9ce sev]al ( ! problems id5tifi$ 9 my fir/ submission 7 copi$ f t book4 ,i h includ$ page numb]s 9 ! =mat pg xxx = bo? 4htm & 4txt4 ,i h made sev]al *anges to ! pr9t]'s text1 :i* are li/$ bel[4 ,ea* *ange has be5 surr\nd$ ) *>act]s1 if ! *ange 0 only an addition ( "s *>act]s4 ,if "s *>act]s h be5 *ang$1 ! correct ^w is plac$ aft] ! incorrect ^w & surr\nd$ ) *>act]s4 ,scripture ref]5ces 9 ! orig9al book are =matt$ z 7*apt]77v]se74 ,9 ! 4txt v]sion ,i h us$ ! m common =m 7*apt]737v]se74 ,)9 ! pr9t$ book bo? ill success & illsuccess appe>4 ,! two-^w v]sion seem$ ! bett] *oice4 7see #d4 bel[7 ,sev]al t]ms appe> 9 bo? two-^w & hyp5at$ =ms3 high-prie/1 morn+-gl[1 _w-clock1 mod]n-hi/orical1 f>-rea*+1 passion-idea1 com+-"o1 jesus *ri/4 ,i left all ^! z !y are 9 ! book4 ,i decid$ to h>monize =e-orda9$ 7see bel[74 #a4 page #e3 self-7l9e break7consci\sness becomes selfconsci\sness 7z on page #ach74 #b4 page #fd3 ,mk #b3bc-c1 #f becomes ,mk #b3bc-c3f #c4 page #fg 7twice71 #aeb1 #aeg1 #afg3 ff7 *ang$ to ff47 #d4 page #fh1 #fi1 #hg1 #aaf1 #bei1 3 illsuccess *ang$ to illsuccess #e4 page #hi3 comission *ang$ to commssion #f4 page #ij3 ,coraz9 *ang$ to ,choraz9 #g4 page #aag3 n ins]t$ into ,mt #aj3e1 #f #h4 page #abj3 dom99ation *ang$ to dom9ation #i4 page #adj3 scripture ref]5ce correct$ f ,joel #c3bh to #b3bh #aj4 page #bac3 casual *ang$ to causal #aa4 page #bcf3 ,isaiah #dj3ff *ang$ to ,isaiah #dj-ff #ab4 page #bdb3 *ang$ =e-orda9$ to =eorda9$ ,9 ! 4txt v]sion ,i h us$ utf#h encod+ & ! foll[+ m>k]s3 #a4 italic text surr\nd$ by #b4 footnote ref]5ces 9 ! =m 7numb]7