,,essays ,,t[>ds ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+4 ,,essays ,,t[>ds ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+4 ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,callcott4 ,,london3 ,,edw>d ,,moxon1 ,,dov] ,,/reet4 ,,mdcccxxxvi4 ,,london3 ,,bradbury ,,& ,,evans1 ,,pr9t]s1 ,,:itefri>s4 ,,to ,,! ,,miss ,,w>r5s4 ,,my ,,de> ,,"y ,,fri5ds1 ,:5 y\r excell5t ,fa!r sugge/$ to me to engage 9 "s little "w :i* %\ld af=d con/ant & /eady employm5t1 z ! be/ means ( alleviat+ ! we>isom5ess ( an increas+ & incurable disord]1 ,i hop$ to h _h ! b5efit ( 8 advice dur+ its progress4 ,x has pleas$ ,god t x %\ld be o!rwise1 & ,i h _h to m\rn ! premature loss ( ! mo/ skilful physician & ! k9de/ fri5d4 ,yet ,i h foll[$ 8 advice z f> z my /r5g? has p]mitt$4 ,"o portion ( ! task he prescrib$ to me is done2 & ,i (f] x to y z a tok5 ( my gratitude to him4 ,%\ld ,i live to g on ) ! second portion ( ! "w1 x w1 p]haps1 be m int]e/+ to y 9 its nature4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ,i "k y w receive affectionately1 :5 y rememb] at ^: desire x 0 begun1 & ?9k ( ! reg>d ,i h always felt t[>ds y\rselves s9ce ,i h kn[n y4 ,,m>ia ,,callcott4 ,june #a/1 #ahcf4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,essay ,i4 ,,page4 ,introduction4--,lectures on ,pa9t+4--,hi/ory ( ,art display$ by its rema9s4--,object ( ! pres5t ,essays4--,orig9 ( ,art4--,fir/ m5tion ( ,art 9 ! ,book ( ,g5esis4--,egyptian & ,*aldean ,colonies4--,art among ! ,*9ese4--,h9doo ,art4--,egyptian ,art4--,second ,colonization f ,egypt4--,egyptian ,arts z practis$ by ! ,israelites4--,! ,ark ( ! ,cov5ant & ! ,gold5 ,calf4--,hi]oglyphical ,writ+2 its effects ^u ,art4--,egyptian ,pa9t+4--,pigm5ts us$ by ! ,egyptians #a ,,essay ,,ii4 ,,( ,,art ,,9 ,,anci5t ,,italy4 ,italy long a ,civilis$ ,nation be=e ! exi/5ce ( ,rome4--,! anci5t ,etruscans4--,! useful ,nature ( _! ,works4--,_! ,tombs4--,^? ( ,*iusi4--,t>qu9ii & ,vulscii4--,etruscan ,vases4--,pa9t$ ,tombs4--,e>ly ,pictures m5tion$ by ,pl9y4--,etruscan ,/atues 9 ,rome4--,roman ,pictures4--,fabius ,pictor4--,pacuvius4--,triumphal ,pictures4--,pictures us$ 9 ,law ,suits4--,begg+ ,pictures4--,complim5t paid by ,augu/us to ,pa9t+4--,fir/ ,greek ,pictures br\ght to ,rome by ,mummius4--,pictures br\ght to ,italy by diff]5t ,conqu]ors & plac$ 9 ,temples & ,porticos4--,new ,italian ,s*ool ( ,pott]y4--,s*ools ( ,pa9t+ 9 ,italy4--,no good ,roman ,pa9t]s4--,roman ,bu/s4--,mosaic ,pictures4--,m9iatures4--,books fir/ ,illu/rat$ ) ,portraits by ,v>ro & ,atticus4--,antique ,pictures f\nd at ,pompeii4--,portrait ,pa9t+ 9 ,n]o's ,"t4--,gradual decay ( ,art 9 ,italy #dd ,,essay ,,iii4 ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,greece1 ,,fir/ ,,& ,,second ,,s]ies4 ,e>lie/ ,pa9t+ 9 ,greece4--,no relic ( ,greek ,pictures rema9+4--,! ,arts fir/ cultivat$ at ,sicyon & ,cor9?4--,_! rapid improvem5t 9 ,greece4--,art 9 ,asia ,m9or4--,vases ( ,clay & ( ,metal4--,! fir/ ,greek ,pa9t]s4--,progress ( ,pa9t+ up to ! "t ( ,phidias4--,! ,works ( ,mycon4--,^? ( ,polygnotus4--,! ,battle ( ,m>a?on4--,! ,pictures ( ,delphi4--,apollodorus4--,improvem5ts made by him 9 ,art4--,fur!r ,improvem5ts made by ,pamphilus4--,& /ill fur!r by ,p>rhasius4--,8 ,pictures & ,"*4--,zeuxis1 8 ,pictures4--,timan!s1 8 ,pictures4--,colotes #he ,,essay ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,?ird ,,p]iod ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,greece4 ,mac$onian ,k+s ,enc\rag]s ( ,art4--,philip4--,alex&]4--,pamphilus & ,s*ool ( ,sicyon4--,pictures ( ,pamphilus4--,apelles4--,8 ,"*4--,8 ,pictures4--,8 ,dang] 9 ,egypt4--,8 ,picture ( ,calumny4--,8 ,visit to ,protog5es4--,! ,v5us ,anadyom5e4--,protog5es4--,8 ,pictures4--,ari/ides ( ,!bes4--,8 ,pictures4--,ni*oma*us4--,8 ,pictures4--,pausias4--,8 ,picture ( ! ,g>l& ,mak]4--,o!r ,pictures4--,euphranor4--,antiphilus4--, famili> ,life ,subjects4--,pyreicus4--,int]iors1 animals1 c4--,m9or ,pa9t]s4--,nicias4--,timoma*us4--,8 ,m$ea4--,conclusion #acg ,,essay ,v4 ,,classification ,,( ,,pictures4 ,inconv5i5ces ( ! pres5t ,mode ( ,class+ ,pictures4--,propos$ ,classification4--,hi/orical ,pictures ,divisible into ,f\r ,classes4--,fur!r ,subdivision4--,pres5t ,class ( ,dramatic ,pictures divid$ into two4--,?ree ,classes ( ,portrait ,pa9t+4--,two ,classes ( ,famili> ,life ,subjects4--,l&scape1 its ,f\r ,classes4--,two ,classes ( ,animal ,pa9t+4--,examples tak5 f ,anci5t & ,mod]n ,pictures4--,table ( ,cebes4--,calumny ( ,apelles4--,old ,fresco at ,si5na4--,allegories ( ! ,greek ,pa9t]s4--,( ,giotto4--,prophets & ,sybils4--,si/9e ,*apel4--,works ( ,polygnotus4--,"s ,works ( ,raffaelle4--,o!r ,pictures ( ,polygnotus4--,hemel9k's ,?ree ,k+s4--,cimabue's & ,giotto's ,lives ( ,/4 ,francis & ! ,virg94--,raffaelle's ,loggie4--,lu9i ,frescoes4--,&rea del ,s>to4--,dom5i*9o4--,pictures ( ,s+le ,actions by ! ,anci5ts4--,_m ,examples by ! ,mod]ns4--,dramatic ,pictures ( ! ,anci5ts4--,( ! ,mod]ns4--,hi/orical ,portraits & ,examples4--,famili> ,life ,pictures ( ! ,anci5ts4--,( ! ,mod]ns4--,examples ( ! ,f\r ,classes ( ,l&scapes4--,animal ,pa9t]s ,anci5t & ,mod]n #afi ,,essay ,,vi4 ,,on ,,! ,,mat]ials ,,us$ ,,by ,,pa9t]s4 ,introduction4--,e>ly ,pictures1 9 ,egypt & ,etruria1 on b>e ,s&/one4--,pa9t+ on f9e ,pla/] or ,/ucco4--,on ,wood1 prep>$4--,k9ds ( ,wood4--,mann] ( ,prep>+ x by ,anci5ts & ,mod]ns4--,pa9t+ on ,l954--,its ,antiquity4--,its use4--,:5 reviv$4--,pigm5ts4--,vulg> ,error conc]n+ ! ,numb] ( ,col\rs us$ by ! ,anci5t ,greeks4--,its ,refutation4--,:ite ,pigm5ts ( ! ,anci5ts4--,middle ,ages4--,mod]ns4--,yell[s4--,r$s1 especially v]milion4--,m9ium4--,! ,r$ ,o*res4--,dragons' ,blood4--,blue ,col\rs4--,ultra ,m>9e4--,! ,blue ( ,egypt4--,blues us$ by ,e>ly ,mod]n ,pa9t]s4--,blue ,e>?s & ,indigo1 ,anci5t & ,mod]n4--,gre5 ,col\rs1 ,native & ,manufactur$4--,blacks ( ! ,anci5ts & ,mod]ns4--,purples & ,br[ns4--,vehicles us$ by ,pa9t]s4--,difficulty ( ! subject4--,asphaltum1 ,petroleum1 ,wax1 & ,oil1 us$ z ,v>ni%es by ! ,anci5ts4--,encau/ic ,pa9t+4--,vehicles c]ta9ly kn[n to ! ,anci5ts4--,! ,vehicles us$ 9 ! ,t5? ,c5tury1 9 ! ,?irte5?1 & by ! ,mod]ns4--,metal ,po9ts us$ = ,draw+ by ! ,anci5ts4--,! ,egyptian ,draw+s1 made ) a ,p5 or f9e ,p5cil4--,! ,tools ( ,hogs' ,bri/les h always be5 ! same4--,f9e ,p5cils made ( ,squirrels' hair 9 ! ,twelf? ,c5tury4--,conclusion #bag ,,essays4 ,,essays ,,t[>ds ,,! ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,pa9t+4 ,,essay ,i4 ,! ,hi/orical & ,lit]>y k ( an ,art is1 = ! le>n$1 & = ,arti/s1 :at maps are = ! ,w>rior1 ! ,travell]1 & ! ,sailor4 ,,raspe4 ,to write su* a book ^u any art z %\ld be em95tly useful to ! pr(essors ( t art1 z in/ruct+ !m 9 me?ods :]eby !y may improve _! practice1 & avoid ! difficulties !y h to enc\nt]1 or gracefully evade !m1 w\ld require ! h& ( a consummate arti/1 :o1 to great practice1 %\ld jo9 l>ge k ( 8 subject1 & a m9ute acqua9tance ) ! mat]ials ^u ^: nature m ( practical success dep5ds1 ?an en?usia/s 9 art are will+ to own4 ,besides1 he %\ld possess suffici5t le>n+ to communicate ! exp]i5ce ( pa/ ages1 = ! improvem5t ( ?is2 & a good ta/e & acqua9tance ) g5]al lit]ature1 to adorn 8 subject ) ! graces t all arts may borr[ f ea* o!r1 becom+ always ri*] 9 proportion z !y draw f _! common treasury1 ,nature4 ,to write a "w ( j criticism1 ^u a peculi> art1 ! au?or %\ld no less be a pr(essor1 ^: practice might exemplify 8 criticism1 or at any rate might enable him ju/ly to appreciate ! m]its & defects ( ! peculi> works :i* he %\ld *oose z subjects on :i* to f\nd 8 criticisms4 ,! lectures ( ,sir ,jo%ua ,reynolds made art popul> 9 ?is c\ntry1 less because !y conta9$ excell5t precepts & well-*os5 examples1 ?an because1 l ,johnson's criticism 9 ! ,lives ( ! ,poets1 !y laid op5 ! g5]al pr9ciples applicable to all ! arts4 ,poetry & music1 pa9t+ & sculpture1 ar*itecture & l&scape-g>d5+1 may equally pr(it by !m1 ! passages peculi>ly appropriat$ to pa9t]s be+ f> f ! mo/ num]\s1 ?\gh su* z none b a pa9t] c\ld h writt54 ,fuseli appe>s to be m exclusively a critic 9 8 own art4 ,he _h prodigi\s practice 9 8 own wild walk1 :]e91 h[ev]1 ev5 he (t5 mi/ook ! gl>e ( caprice = ! light ( g5ius4 ,he _h great le>n+1 ! effect ( :i* he injur$ by affectation & qua9tness1 yet !re are exquisite passages 9 8 lectures1 :i* w always be read ) pr(it & delight bo? by arti/s & lov]s ( art4 ,! practical lectures deliv]$ or publi%$ by o!r au?ors1 "s liv+1 & "s ^: loss we h to lam5t1 h n be5 popul>1 *iefly because !y 7 mo/ prop]ly compos$ = ! use ( arti/s4 ,& :5 we consid] t !y h be5 = ! mo/ "p ! works ( m5 ^: lives 7 pass$ 9 ! mo/ labori\s dep>tm5t ( a ,pr(ession t dem&s con/ant application1 namely portrait pa9t+1 x is surpris+ h[ mu* !y did 9 ^? h\rs :i* nature might h claim$ z due to re/ & relaxation4 ,b su* is ! advantage possess$ by a pr(essor1 :5 writ+ on ! art be practises & und]/&s4 ,i am aw>e t a c]ta9 class ( connoisseurs1 amateurs1 or en?usia/s h lately put =?1 p]haps ,i %\ld say reviv$1 ! /range op9ion t a practical arti/ is ( all m5 ! lea/ fit to judge ( art1 & t x belongs to !m1 t is ! connoisseurs only1 to judge ( 8 "w4 ,i believe ?is notion to h lurk$ 9 secret 9 ! bosom ( _m an amateur = c5turies back2 b x requir$ ! fo/]+ h& ( ,g]man en?usiasm to publi% x1 z an axiom1 to ! _w2 & to write books ^u ! absurd notion1 t ^? :o "k no?+ practically ( a subject1 are ! be/ judges & in/ructors conc]n+ x4 ,apelles _h diff]5t notions2 = :ile he bade ! %oemak] /ick to 8 la/1 he took 8 advice ab\t ! s&als ( 8 ,v5us4 ,9 tru?1 to use ! words ( ! wise/ ( mod]n m51 8! lab\rs ( speculative m51 9 active matt]s1 seem to m5 ( exp]i5ce1 little bett] ?an ,phormio's disc\rses ( w>2 :i* seem$ to ,hannibal z dreams & dotage#a40 ,if m]e lov]s ( art w1 nev]!less1 devote _! ?\ghts & p5s to h] en*ant+ s]vice1 ,i ?9k !y may d an acceptable (fice1 ev5 to pa9t]s !mselves1 by collect+ :at is1 or has be5 kn[n ( h] progress1 foll[+ up h] hi/ory f ! fir/ fa9t traces ( h] pa? among savage tribes1 to h] maje/ic foot/eps 9 ! fl\ri%+ /ates ( ,greece2 nor los+ sight ( h] entirely 9 h] sad h\rs ( degradation "u ,imp]ial ,rome1 & f9ally wat*+ ov] h] g5tle ?\gh sl[ revival "u ! brilliant sun ( ,italy4 ,!re is a k9d ( hi/ory ( art :i* has be5 successfully cultivat$3 ,i mean t :i* addresses itself directly to ! eye by a *ronological display ( ! rema9+ works ( art 9 ! great publications ( ,monfaucon1 ,dag9c\rt1 ,micali1 & ! v>i\s ar*ological works ( diff]5t societies#b4 ,b ^! are books ( su* price z mu/ always r5d] !m difficult ( access2 &1 un=tunately1 ! descriptions atta*$ to ! pr9ts seldom admit ( sep>ation2 & are1 9 g5]al1 writt5 too dully to int]e/1 or s mu* 9 ! _s ( controv]sy z to r5d] !m disagreeable4 ,su* hi/ory c nev] become popul>4 ,!re rema9s1 h[ev]1 op51 an unpret5d+ pa?1 yet untrodd51 by :i* ^? :o love art may be l$ suffici5tly ne> h] temple to enjoy h] beauties1 und]/& h] virtues1 & be bless$ by h] happy influ5ce1 )\t encroa*+ on ! prov9ce ( h] pr(ess$ s]vants1 or engag+ 9 combat ) h] false or mi/ak5 fri5ds1 or av[$ enemies4 ,tis ?is pa? t ,i w\ld pursue1 & take along ) me ^? ( my sex & c\ntry :o love ! good & ! beautiful1 & :o likewise love to look up ?r\gh !m1 to ! f\nta9 ( all goodness1 & to ! ,au?or ( all beauty4 ,a great deal ( "t & mu* temp] h be5 wa/$1 9 disputes conc]n+ ! native c\ntry ( ! arts4 ,*9a1 ,upp] ,india1 & ,egypt1 h be5 p]haps ! fav\rites ( ! le>n$1 ?\gh !re h n be5 want+ *ampions = ! claims ( ,we/]n ,asia1 & ev5 ,greece4 ,b1 if we c\ld trace all ! arts1 :e!r spr++ f ! prim>y wants1 or ! m]e desires & wi%es ( man1 to "o orig9al inv5tor1 we %\ld n be mu* ! =w>d]4 ,z mank9d increas$1 & =m$ sep>ate nations1 ^! arts w\ld naturally & necess>ily v>y1 9 ord] to accommodate !mselves to climates & circum/ances4 ,& we are z little likely to fix1 ) any ?+ l c]ta9ty1 on ! native c\ntry ( pa9t+ or sculpture1 z to discov] t ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( gra91 :i* 9 all ages h =m$ ! pr9cipal food ( civiliz$ m54 ,! discov]y ( ! great ,we/]n ,_w1 long en\gh aft] ! art ( pr9t+1 to secure :atev] memorials might be writt5 conc]n+ ! /ate ( its inhabitants1 op5$ to u a monum5t ( ! e>ly condition ( all mank9d1 a ?\s& times m in/ructive ?an pill>s ( m>ble or ( brass4 ,! ,spani>ds f\nd 9 ,florida "o species ( gra91 cultivat$ & us$ = bread1 9 ! same way1 & 9 z mu* ignorance ( its orig91 z :eat 9 ! ,old ,_w3 & 9 _m prov9ces1 a sub/itute = ! f9] gra9s 0 us$1 requir+ inf9itely m +5uity 9 its prep>ation1 & ( ! orig9 ( :i* ! natives knew s little1 z to look ^u x z ! gift ( a b5evol5t en*ant]#c4 ,9 ,mexico & ,p]u !y f\nd _m arts consid]ably advanc$4 ,! smelt+1 ca/+1 emboss+1 engrav+ ( metals2 ! mak+ ( v f9e pott]y2 ! *isell+ ( ! h>de/ /ones & m>bles4 ,!re1 too1 0 pa9t+ practis$1 n z a m]e luxury1 b z a matt] ( prime necessity4 ,= ! nations 7 /ill s "y z n to h discov]$ alphabetical writ+2 !re=e1 pa9t+1 mix$ ) a v>iety ( conv5tional signs1 almo/ am\nt+ to hi]oglyphic *>act]s1 0 us$1 to record ! hi/ory ( ! nations1 ! transactions ( ! prie/s & m]*ants1 & ! decisions ( ! laws#d4 ,s9ce t great fir/ discov]y1 _m & v>i\s tribes h be5 gradually reveal$ to u1 none s savage z n to h discov]$ "s long+ aft] arts1 beyond ^? absolutely necess>y to exi/5ce4 ,! clo? ( ! ,s&wi* ,isl&] 0 /amp$ ) mimic leaves & bran*es4 ,! clubs1 d>ts1 & hat*ets ( ! ,new ,zeal&]s 7 cov]$ ) fl[]s & foliage2 & n unfrequ5tly we f9d on !m an attempt at ! human =m4 ,! f5ces ( ! ,morais pres5t$1 on _m ( ! poles1 a human head1 grossly cut inde$1 b /ill be>+ ! impress ( man's imitative g5ius4 ,in/ances ( ?is sort might be multipli$2 b = ! pres5t ,i h nam$ en\gh = my purpose1 :i* is1 to prove t x is unnecess>y to trace ! arts f c\ntry to c\ntry1 or f h\se to h\se1 to give !m1 z x 71 a =mal g5ealogy2 b t we may expect to f9d t1 circum/ances be+ tol]ably alike1 ! f9e arts w spr+ up 9 all nations z !y advance 9 civilization4 ,! progress ( art is a sep>ate "q1 & mu/ h be5 influ5c$ by _m circum/ances n naturally connect$ ) x4 ,h5ce we see x 9 "o nation beg9n+ 9 spl5d\r & advanc+ rapidly = a "t2 :5 sudd5ly x is /opp$ z by an en*ant]'s w&3 ! h&icraft may improve1 b ! =m1 "*1 & _s1 rema9 = ev] fix$4 ,9 ano!r1 on ! contr>y1 x advances1 firm & free3 e age improves x3 & its c>e] is only cut %ort :5 ! nation itself s9ks be=e a =eign conqu]or6 ,diff]5tly aga91 b /ill influ5c$ by ! circum/ances ( society1 we h beheld ! arts almo/ t\*+ ^u p]fection & !n )]+1 by sl[ & sickly decay1 till all t ennobl$ !m has disappe>$1 & !y seem fitt$ = no?+ b to adorn ! ephem]al trophies ( fa%ion or caprice4 ,hav+ ?us s f> cle>$ ! gr\nd1 ,i w endeav\r to collect ! scatt]$ notices conc]n+ art1 9 ! mo/ anci5t times1 & among ! mo/ anci5tly civiliz$ nations2 & s prep>e ! way = m connect$ details1 :5 we rea* ! p]iod ( common hi/ory4 ,! book ( ,g5esis names "o ( ! great gr&sons ( ,ca91 z ! fir/ :o wr\ght & grav$ on metal1 & ano!r z ! inv5tor ( musical in/rum5ts1--a pro( t ! arts 7 cultivat$ 9 v e>ly /ages ( civilization#e4 ,aga91 )9 f\r c5turies aft] ! flood1 we f9d t m5 _h made images ( wood1 & /one1 & metal1 to wor%ip4 ,!y _h n only built !m cities1 b !y _h ta/$ ( ! b>b>\s civilities ( w>2 !y _h erect$ trophies2 poets _h extoll$ ! exploits ( h]oes2 & sculptors _h already fa%ion$ _! images1 to adore4 ,con/ant tradition names ,t]ah1 ! fa!r ( ,abraham1 z a mak] ( images2 & t ! wor%ip ( !m cont9u$ 9 8 family = ne>ly two hundr$ ye>s1 not)/&+ ! call & conv]sion ( ,abraham1 is prov$ by ,ra*el's !ft ( ! images ( ,laban1 :5 %e left h] fa!r's h\se to accompany h] husb& to ! l& ( ,canaan4 ,b1 if we may believe ,greek & ,egyptian tradition1 m ?an a c5tury be=e ! call ( ,abraham1 a colony _h be5 plant$ at ,sicyon1 by an ,egyptian lead]1 gialeus1#f :o br\ght ) him ! k ( sculpture & pa9t+1 & f\nd$ ! e>lie/ & pure/ s*ool ( ,greek art4 ,ano!r civiliz$ colony1 f ,egypt1 soon settl$ 9 ,greece4 ,ina*us f\nd$ ! city ( ,argos1 :ile ,abraham 0 /ill an idolat]1 9 ,ur4 ,at ?is p]iod1 ,egypt & ,*aldea bo? seem to h s5t out colonies on e side1 & hi/ory & tradition alike po9t to ?is p]iod also1 z t ( ! inv5tion ( alphabetical writ+3 or1 at any rate1 its e/abli%m5t 9 a great "p ( ! !n civiliz$ _w4 ,! claims ( ! ,egyptian ,memnon & ! ,phnician ,cadmus to ! inv5tion1 appe> to be equally & entirely )\t f\ndation2 & ,pl9y's notion t x _h exi/$ f ! beg9n+1 9 ,*aldea & ! adjac5t c\ntries1 is support$1 by a v rem>kable passage 9 ! book ( ,jo%ua#g4 ,on ! victori\s m>* ( ! ,israelites1 "u ,jo%ua himself1 to ,pale/9e1 we f9d he took ,debir2 i4e4 ! place ( an oracle or wise disc\rse4 ,! "n ( ! t[n 0 be=e ,kirja? ,seph]1 or city ( books or ( lett]s2 !re=e books & lett]s 7 anci5t1 9 t c\ntry1 9 ,jo%ua's "t4#h ,t pictures & sculpture 7 s likewise1 ,i inf] f ! comm& giv5 9 ,numb]s1 xxxiii4 #eb1 to de/roy ! pictures & molt5 images ( ! natives ( ,pale/9e4 ,if any reliance is to be plac$ on ! annals ( ,*9a & ( ,india1 civilization & its att5dant arts 7 at lea/ z e>ly ) !m z ) ,egypt & ,*aldea1 ea* claim+ ! priority1 & ea* pret5d+ to h be5 ! tea*] ( ! re/ ( ! _w1 on equally plausible gr\nds4 ,!re is no d\bt ( ! antiquity ( ,indian civilization4 ,! anci5t ,greek writ]s talk ( ! ,indian philosoph]s1 z belong+ to a nation highly poli%$1 be=e a gra9 ( corn _h be5 s[n 9 ,greece2 & ! pret5sions ( ,*9a are support$ by ! ,indians !mselves4 ,i h said ?us mu* ( ! g5]al civilization ( ^! nations1 because ,i c\ld n sep>ate x f ! cultivation ( ! arts4 ,i w n[ keep clos] to my subject1 res]v+1 h[ev]1 ! lib]ty ( digress+ :]ev] ,i see occasion1 or1 9 o!r words1 :5ev] x suits my hum\r4 ,z ,i take x1 ! ,*9ese rema91 m ne>ly ?an any o!r p1 9 ! /ate 9 :i* !y 7 two or ?ree ?\s& ye>s ago1 & are1 = _! age1 ! v]ie/ babes t inhabit ! e>?4 ,i w beg9 ) !m1 & see :at _! pr(ici5cy 9 art has ev] am\nt$ to4 ,x is pla9 f _! writt5 signs1 = alphabet !y h none3 t 9 e>ly times1 !y1 l ! ,mexicans1 ex]t$ _! p[]s ( imitation to repres5t 9 pa9t+1 ev5ts1 ! memory ( :i* !y wi%$ to pres]ve4 ,on dissect+ ! hundr$ & sev5te5 elem5t>y *>act]s1 ^: endless comb9ations repres5t _! language1 x is n difficult to trace ! rude =ms ( m51 birds1 quadrup$s1 fi%1 h\ses1 trees1 hills1 & s =?2 & 9 ! v olde/ writ+s1 be=e ! circul> =ms 7 reject$ altoge!r1 ^! %apes 7 /ill m di/9ct#i4 ,we may naturally expect t1 z long z pa9t+ is ?us us$1 conv5i5ce alone w\ld require ! once admitt$ =ms & col\rs to be inv>iable1 & t precautions w\ld be tak5 aga9/ innovation1 ev5 = improvem5t1 le/ ! pa9t$ pages %\ld become un9telligible4 ,b ! ,*9ese _h advanc$ f> beyond t4 ,_! *>act]s approa*1 ev5 m ne>ly ?an hi]oglyphics1 to alphabetical writ+1 & yet _! art rema9$ /ation>y & at a v l[ po9t4 ,x is v difficult to acc\nt = ?is among s +5i\s a p4 ,x 0 n t ! ,t>t> conque/1 by any direct influ5ce1 less5$ _! civilization or /opp$ _! progress4 ,we h und5iable witnesses to ! contr>y1 9 ! ,*9ese hi/ories1 z int]pret$ by ! mission>ies & o!r le>n$ ori5tali/s2 &1 :at is /ill m curi\s & satisfactory1 9 ! writ+s ( ,m>co ,paulo1 :o accompani$ ! ,t>t> conqu]or on 8 exp$ition4 ,! religion ( ! ,*9ese1 z ,bhuddhi/s1 is assur$ly n calculat$ to call =? ! g5ius ( pa9t+4 ,! insipid ,goorus d n1 l ! gods ( ! ,h9doo or ,greek my?ologies1 pres5t subjects = fancy to play )2 & ! /atues ( ,bhud1 :ile !y h all ! /iffness1 h none ( ! gr&eur ( ! ,egyptian gods4 ,p]haps1 z ! ,*9ese h always be5 a comm]cial nation1 !y cont5t$ !mselves ) cultivat+ ! art ( pa9t+1 j s f> z to decorate _! exquisite porcela9 & lacqu]$ w>e = ! m>ket1 & s\ght aft] no?+ m4 ,!y _h c]ta9ly atta9$ to great manual dext]ity1 & ! p[] ( copy+ s]vilely :atev] inanimate subjects 7 be=e !m2 & !y _h discov]$ ! me?od ( extract+ col\rs f metallic sub/ances1 capable ( be>+ ! furnace1 z well z ^? ( m obvi\s use1 9 ! *alks & e>?s ( _! c\ntry3 besides "s ( ! f9e/ v>ni%es 9 exi/5ce4 ,we ought n to m>vel t !y did n atta91 9 _! pa9t+1 to common1 mu* less ideal beauty1 :5 we reflect on ! g5]al "* ( =m1 9 _! own nation or _! ,t>t> conqu]ors1 :i* is v f> bel[ t ( ! ,indians & _! we/]n neighb\rs4 ,& we h1 p]haps1 no "r to expect bett] human %apes ?an t ( ! portly m&>9 & 8 crimp-foot$ lady1 ^u _! plates & di%es4 ,b _! animals1 :e!r pa9t$1 modell$ 9 clay1 or ca/ 9 metal1 are little less di/ort$ ?an _! m53 & z to p]spective1 l9e>1 or arial1 !y seem to h no s5se ( ei!r#aj4 ,9 fl[]s & birds1 _! p5cill+ is delicate1 & (t5 true to admiration2 b1 ev5 9 ^! objects1 except 9 treatises on botany or orni?ology1 _! peculi> ta/e breaks out 9 mon/r\s comb9ations ( leaves & fl[]s1 t nev] grew 9 ! same soil2 & ( beaks & w+s1 t 7 nev] hat*$ 9 ! same ne/4 ,! ,japanese appe> to h c>ri$ _m arts to mu* great] p]fection ?an ! ,*9ese2 & ev5 9 pa9t+1 ! v old ,japan figures approa* ne>] 9 /yle to beauty & a c]ta9 sort ( greatness4 ,b ! read+ ( "o ,*9ese novel or drama1 su*1 = in/ance1 z ! 8,=tunate ,alliance10 or 8,! ,adv5tures ( ! ,fair ,%uey ,p+ ,s+1 & ! ,*alk ,r+10 or 8,le ,c]cle de ,craie10 mu/ satisfy u t1 :atev] progress t nation may h made 9 sci5ce1 or :atev] sagacity x may h display$ 9 int]nal gov]nm5t or 9 comm]ce1 a true ta/e = ! lib]al arts has nev] ennobl$ its o!r pursuits1 or *>m$ ! leisure ( its philosoph]s & /atesm54 ,i d n mean to say t !y nei!r look at pictures nor li/5 to music3 b ^? pictures & t music diff] s widely 9 ta/e & quality f :at ! great] numb] ( civiliz$ nations are agre$ 9 admir+1 t ,i feel ju/ifi$ 9 consid]+ !m z ins5sible to t /&>d ( ta/e :i* all ! re/ ( ! _w ackn[l$ges4 ,0 ,india !n ! "m ( ! arts8 &1 among h] _m claims to di/9ction c %e1 ) ju/ice1 advance t ( hav+ in/ruct$ ,egypt & anticipat$ ! spl5d\rs ( ,babylon8 ,x might be expect$ t ! rema9+ works ( art1 9 t mo/ anci5t nation1 might decide ! "q4 ,b f> f x4 ,nor does hi/ory or tradition ?r[ any tru/-wor?y light on ! subject4 ,! mo/ anci5t monum5ts ( ,egypt be> a c]ta9 resemblance to "s ( ^? ( ,india1 & :at we "k ( ! religion ( bo? c\ntries indicates1 t1 9 "s mo/ remote p]iod1 _! my/]ies & rites _h a close resemblance4 ,yet1 on "s mat]ial po9ts1 su* z _! fun]al c]emonies1 ! diff]5ce seems to h be5 s decid$ t we are =c$ to conclude t !y 7 ( diff]5t sects1 emanat+1 possibly1 f a common s\rce4 ,x is curi\s1 t ! figures ( ,bhud1 :e!r on ! cont95t ( ,india1 or ! isl& ( ,ceylon1 or 9 ,*9a1 %\ld pres5t ! =m1 & curl$ woolly hair ( a ,s\!rn ,african4 ,b ! ,bhuddhi/s ( ,india d n appe> to h produc$ bett] works1 9 sculpture1 ?an ^? ( ,*9a4 ,! ,brahm9s1 on ! contr>y1 h left1 besides magnific5t ar*itectural monum5ts1 9 _! cav]ns1 9 :i* !y are rivall$ by ! ,bhuddhi/s1 pieces ( sculpture1 ( a v diff]5t "* f !irs1 :]e !re is occasionally gr&eur1 &1 n unfrequ5tly1 fre$om & grace4 ,no "o1 :o has se5 ! colossal head ( ! ,trimurti1 9 ,elephanta1 c d5y ! gr&eur1 almo/ ! sublimity1 ( t /range "w2 & ! comp>tm5ts ( ! same temple-cav]n are examples ( a graci\s feel+ ( nature4 ,! sculptur$ rock1 at ,mavellipoor1 or ,mahabalipoor1 call$ ! ,tapas1 or ,p5ance ( ,arjoon1 is a fur!r example ( fre$om & ta/e2 & ! figures ( ! elephants1 & o!r animals1 att5dant on ! holy p5it5t1 are design$ ) ! greate/ tru?4 ,! de=mities1 almo/ con/ant 9 ,egypt1 ( plac+ ! heads ( animals on m5's %\ld]s1 because ! qualities ( ^? animals 7 figurative ( ! attributes ( ! deities1 are add$ to by ! ,h9doos1 :o1 reg>d+ ! human h& z ! symbol ( p[]1 h accord+ly multipli$ ! h&s ( ! gods4 ,i %ew$ ! late ,mr4 ,flaxman "s draw+s ( ! sculptur$ rocks ( ,mahabalipoor3 he 0 /ruck ) ! fre$om & expression ( sev]al ( ! figures1 9 :i* !re 0 an evid5t attempt to imitate nature1 & especially he 0 pleas$ ) ! expression ( ! c\rti]s ( ,bali1 9 ! design ( ! ,vamuna ,avat]4 ,i mu/ obs]ve t at ,mavellipoor1 )9 a circuit ( less ?an two miles1 !re are1 besides ! ru9s ( sev]al l>ge temples1 built ( hewn /one1 eight ,mono!lite temples3 small#aa1 b all diff]+ 9 =m1 ri*ly & caprici\sly ornam5t$2 sev]al cav]ns1 on ! walls ( :i* !re are _m my?ological subjects c>v$ 9 high relief1 "s ( ! figures be+ sev5 feet high2 & ! sculptur$ rock ( ,arjoon1 :i* ,i h already m5tion$4 ,yet1 9 mo/ ( ^! works1 ! execution is co>se1 z if ! mat]ial _h be5 too /ubborn = ! tools ( ! workman4 ,i am told t ?is defect does n exi/ 9 "s o!r ( ! cav]n temples ( ,india1 b x runs ?r\gh all t ,i h se54 ,( ! pa9t+ ( ! ,h9doos1 no specim5 ( any?+ l anci5t times has be5 pres]v$#ab2 ?\gh1 f _! und\bt$ly anci5t poems & plays1 x is c]ta9 t !y did pa9t1 & t _! pictures 7 n only s+le portraits1 b compositions1 bo? ( :at we call hi/ory & famili> life#ac4 ,:o1 inde$1 c read ,sir ,william ,jones's pleasant abridgem5t ( ! ,h9doo my?ology1 8 translation ( ,sacontala1 or ! hymn to ,camdeo1 & n p]ceive t ! ,indians want$ nei!r imag9ation1 nor subjects to ex]cise x ^u1 9 _! religion & poetry8 ,b _! florid religion1 & exagg]at$ songs1 7 ( lat] date1 9 all probability1 ?an t grave & philosophical fai? :i* gave ! ,brahm9s _! reputation 9 ,greece & ,egypt2 &1 p]haps1 _! m natural pieces ( sculpture & _! pictures belong to t lat] "t r ?an to ! age ( ! gymnosophi/s2 or if ! ,indian arts furni%$ examples to ,egypt or ,*aldea1 we mu/ seek ^? examples 9 ! hewn rocks1 :i* repres5t figures ne>ly z l>ge z ! ,egyptian ,memnon1 ) _! h&s atta*$ to _! sides1 & _! feet plant$ toge!r1 & ( :i* "s few /ill exi/1 )9 ! ,p59sula1 & on ! ,indian side ( ! bord]s ( ,t>t>y#ad4 ,:at d we "k ( ! arts ( ,*aldea1 9 v e>ly times#ae8 ,babylon & ,n9eveh h1 = ?\s&s ( ye>s1 be5 buri$ 9 utt] ru92 & if "h & !re a bauble1 su* z ! signet ( a ,satrap1 or ! brea/-p9 ( a lady1 be pick$ up1 h[ev] delicately ! cornelian or ! onyx may be *isell$1 ! =ms are /iff & angul>1 & no?+ displays ! fre$om & grace t r5d] art valuable4 ,! great sculptur$ rocks met ) 9 v>i\s p>ts ( mod]n ,p]sia1 h ev]y:]e ! same "*4 ,b1 ^u ! :ole h[ev]1 !re is a grav] & m maje/ic air ?an 9 ! monum5ts ( ,india1 & a mu* great] dext]ity ( h& is display$ 9 ! workman%ip1 b !re is less nature 9 ! design4 ,z to pa9t+1 9 t c\ntry1 !re are nei!r relics nor memorials1 ( e>li] date ?an our ra#af4 ,x is ) rev]5ce1 n unmix$ ) awe1 t ,i approa* ! subject ( ,egyptian art3 & "h1 z 9 ,india & ! int]m$iate c\ntries1 ,i mu/ consid] its sculpture z ! only satisfactory monum5t4 ,i am aw>e t col\r$ subjects1 by c\rtesy call$ pictures1 h be5 discov]$ on ! walls ( tombs & cav]ns1 by p]sons well qualifi$ to exam9e & pron\nce1 z antiqu>ies1 on _! mean+ & _! m]it4 ,b !y are1 9 composition1 entirely sculpturesque2 & _m ( !m are1 9 fact1 col\r$ basso-relievos4 ,belzoni told me he _h se51 9 ,egypt1 figures 9 relief wr\ght 9 /ucco on ! walls ( "s ( ! catacombs1 :i* 7 col\r$ 9 simple unbrok5 col\rs4 ,to ^! he ascrib$ a m>vell\s effect1 & said1 !y 7 ! gr&e/ pictures he _h se54 ,su* also1 ,i rememb]1 0 ! language us$ by my en?usia/ic fri5d ,ke/n]1 :51 9 #ahbg1 he describ$ to me ! tombs ( ,egyptian "*1 op5$ ! ye> be=e at ,t>qu9ii1 9 ! c\ntry ( ! anci5t ,etruscans4 ,i c imag9e readily t 9 ! *amb]s ( ! dead1 ! pla9 =m %ad[$ out 9 a simple col\r1 & light$ by ! gl>e ( tor*es1 may h _h an awful & gho/ly "*2 & if ^! figures 7 ( ! size ( life1 or l>g]1 & fur!r aid$ by ! v>y+ t9ts af=d$ by a l[ relief1 z ! tor*es gl>$ ^u !m1 a describ] c\ld h>dly be *>g$ ) exagg]ation1 :atev] effects he might impute to !m4 ,/ill ^! are n pictures1 ?\gh ! arti/s approa*$ ne>ly to picturesque design 9 _m ( ! *isell$ figures on ! walls ( ! temples & tombs ( ,!bes1 :]e ! attack+ & def5d+ t[ns1 ! triumphs ( a victori\s k+1 ! puni%m5t ( rebels1 & o!r hi/orical facts1 are r5d]$ ) consid]able _s1 & convey a notion t _! au?ors might h become pa9t]s1 _h !y n be5 re/ra9$ by cu/om f *ange or progress4 ,^! c\ld n1 h[ev]1 be ! beg9n+s ( art4 ,!y m>k already a v advanc$ /ate ( society1 s9ce su* great works ( ornam5t c\ld be requir$ & execut$2 & !y1 x seems1 7 anci5t :5 ,h]odotus visit$ ,egypt #dej ye>s be=e our era#ag4 ,b we h m au!ntic docum5ts 9 fav\r ( ! antiquity ( ! arts 9 ,egypt1 ev5 ?an ^? af=d$ by ! fa!r ( ,greek hi/ory4 ,fifte5 c5turies be=e ,h]odotus travell$ into ,egypt1 ,abraham _h be5 ent]ta9$ !re by a p[]ful k+1 :o gave him gifts1 su* z only ! head ( a p already conv]sant ) _m arts c\ld be/[4 ,! :ole hi/ory ( ,joseph's life 9 ,egypt#ah be>s witness to ! progress already made !re 9 civility & ! arts ( poli%$ life4 ,c\ld we read ! inscription freely1 :i* cov]s ! obelisk ( ,mat>yah1 ! only rema9s ( ! /ately ,heliopolis1 ! ,on ( ,scripture1 p]haps we might f9d "s record ( t high prie/ :o gave 8 daught] 9 m>riage to ! ,hebrew gov]nor4 ,bo? sacr$#ai & pr(ane hi/ory#bj fix ^u ! two c5turies betwe5 #afjj & #adjj be=e ,*ri/1 z ! p]iod :5 a prodigi\s movem5t took place 9 ,egypt1 & :5 great works 7 und]tak5 by ! k+s1 & important colonies l$ =? into ! we/]n p>ts ( ,asia1 & into ,greece4 ,i h already m5tion$ ! f\ndation ( ,argos & ,sicyon1 said to h tak5 place ne>ly #fjj ye>s be=e ! p]iod ( :i* ,i am n[ speak+4 ,!y 71 !re=e1 fl\ri%+ /ates :5 ,cecrops#ba1 ! ,egyptian1 taught ! p ( ,attica to s[ corn1 in/ead ( tru/+ to ! prec>i\s *ances ( ! seasons 9 br++ =? wild fruits1 or ! /ill m unc]ta9 product ( ! *ase2 & *ose = ! patroness ( 8 new colony ! goddess to :om 8 native city ,sas 0 consecrat$2 ,m9]va or ,buba/is4 ,! ri* c\ntry ( ,asia ,m9or _h n be5 m backw>d ?an ,egypt 9 ! e>li] times2 nor aft]w>ds less =w>d ?an ,greece 9 receiv+ colonies4 ,9 ! "t ( ,abraham1 ,damascus 0 a m>ket1 :]e slaves#bb 7 sold2 & =ty ye>s aft] ,cecrops _h f\nd$ ,a!ns1 ,scam&] settl$ a colony 9 ,troy4 ,sc>cely a hundr$ ye>s#bc aft] ! ,egyptians _h c>ri$ _! arts & _! religion into ,attica1 we f9d ! fir/ ,pana!naic procession m5tion$1 :5 ! :ole p ( ,a!ns solemnly d$icat$ !mselves to ! s]vice ( ! goddess ,a!na or ,m9]va1 & to t ( _! c\ntry1 & bore be=e !m to h] temple h] bann]1 or veil1 =m$ ( f9e l951 & embroid]$ ) subjects relative to h] hi/ory or h] attributes4 ,! f9e arts 7 !re=e kn[n 9 ,attica at ?is e>ly "t2 = :e!r ! peplos or veil 7 wr\ght 9 ,attica1 or import$ f ,sas1 ^? :o foll[$ ! bann] c\ld n be bl9d to ! designs & col\rs t adorn$ x4 ,x 0 ab\t ?is "t t ,cadmus br\ght f ! ,ea/]n c\ntries to ,greece ! k ( alphabetical writ+2 at ?is "t1 :5 ,m9os gave 8 laws to ,crete2 :ile ,danaus1 believ$ to be an ,egyptian pr9ce1 reign$ at ,argos1 & ,eri*?onius 9 ,a!ns2 t ,rameses 0 ,phrah1 or k+ (1 at lea/1 ,nor!rn ,egypt4 ,he _h caus$ ! desc5dants ( ,abraham to build = him ! treasure cities ( ,rameses & ,pi?om#bd2 & 9 8 reign ,moses l$ =? ! ,israelites1 to escape f 8 tyranny1 into ! l& promis$ to _! =efa!rs4 ,be=e ,i say any?+ conc]n+ ! arts ( ,egypt alone1 or ! *anges !y und]w5t 9 diff]5t soils1 & "u diff]5t circum/ances1 ,i mu/ po9t out ! only m9ute acc\nt we h1 t c be reli$ ^u1 ( any peculi> works execut$ by any ( ! v>i\s tribes :o at t "t sep>at$ !mselves f _! nurs+ "m4 ,i mean ! ark ( ! cov5ant1 fa%ion$ by ! direction ( ,moses 9 ! wild]ness1 & ! contempor>y gold5 calf & braz5 s]p5t4 ,& "h we h1 z f> z ,i "k1 ! names ( ! two mo/ anci5t arti/s record$3 ,aholiab & ,bezaleel1 :om ! ,scripture calls ! wise 9 he>t2 b !y _h _m assi/ants1 & x appe>s t ,a>on himself 0 a skilful workman4 ,! arts requir$ = ! mak+ ( ! ark & ! erection ( ! tab]nacle 7 ! prep>+ & dy+ ( sk9s2 ! weav+ ( f9e l952 ! f9e dyes1 blue1 sc>let1 r$1 & purple2 design+ = ! embroid]]s#be1 :o wr\ght ! pomegranates1 ! fl[]s1 & ! leaves2 e v>iety ( c>v+ 9 wood2 ca/+ & *isell+ ( metals2 &1 f9ally1 ! engrav+ on preci\s /ones1 & sett+ !m accord+ to ! jewell]s' art4 ,:51 to quiet ! impati5t ,israelites1 ,a>on cons5t$ to make a god = !m1 su* z !y _h be5 us$ to 9 ,egypt1 he caus$ !m to br+ _! jewels ( gold to him = ! purpose2 &1 aft] he _h ca/ or made a molt5 image1 he f9i%$ x ) ! grav]#bf4 ,n[ ?is is ! process ( ca/+ figures 9 metal to ?is v day4 ,"h1 !n1 we h ! ,jews design+1 mak+ m\lds1 ca/+ metals1 & f9i%+ ) ! grav]4 ,!y 71 !re=e1 n all m]e brick-mak]s 9 ,egypt2 b "s ( !m1 l ,moses & ,a>on1 _h be5 in/ruct$ 9 ! le>n+1 or at lea/ ! arts1 ( ! ,egyptians4 ,aga91 = ! brass & gold ornam5ts ( ! tab]nacle & ! ark1 ,bezaleel made ! *]ubim#bg on ! m]cy seat ( beat5 gold2 t is1 _! faces & w+s 7 emboss$ & *isell$4 ,s likewise 0 ! great c&le/ick1 ) its fl[]s & its almonds1 its leaves & its buds4 ,! :ole putt+ toge!r ( ! t5t ( ! tab]nacle is mo/ +5i\s1 & d5otes an acqua9tance ) great magnific5ce 9 ar*itecture & 9 furniture4 ,! brea/plate 0 compos$ ( twelve preci\s /ones1 f diamond ! h>de/1 d[n to ! mo/ easily wr\ght1 cornelian2 yet ea* 0 engrav$ aft] ! mann] ( a signet1 ) ! "n ( "o ( ! tribes1 & set 9 its own peculi> sett+4 ,su* are ! p>ticul>s we le>n on und\bt$ au?ority ( ! arts at t e>ly p]iod1 z practis$ 9 ,egypt = conv5i5ce & ornam5t4 ,b ,egypt _h ano!r use = ! arts4 ,%e appli$ !m ma9ly to ! s]vice ( religion4 ,all nations1 h[ev] rude1 ev9ce a desire to record _! own actions & ^? ( _! fa!rs4 ,poets1 b>ds1 s5a*ies1 scalds1 or by :atev] "n ! same class ( m5 may be call$1 are1 l ! tradition>y tale-tell]s ( ! ,am]ican ,indians1 ! e>lie/ ( hi/orians4 ,_! art1 :i* is t ( s plac+ words z to =m s5t5ces1 :e!r di/+ui%$ by rhyme or by only a peculi> rhy?m1 m easily & pleasantly rememb]$ ?an ! same words w\ld be 9 ! ord9>y arrangem5t ( spee*1 may be practis$ by ! w>rior or ! huntsman1 )\t int]f]+ ) 8 o!r avocations4 ,x is1 !re=e1 peculi>ly fitt$ = rude tribes1 :o _c af=d t any individual %\ld give himself up exclusively to an inactive pr(ession4 ,! rhapsodies ( ! b>ds1 h[ev]1 may be =gott51 & w probably be s 9 a few g5]ations2#bh &1 if a tribe migrate s z to settle :]e o!r tongues are spok51 ! songs are sung 9 ! e>s ( ! deaf1 & ! beg9n+s ( hi/ory are swept :olly away4 ,h[1 !n1 %all ! memory ( ! pa/ be pres]v$8 ! prop5sity ( man to imitation w lead him to attempt to =m a lik5ess ( any great b5efactor to ! community4 ,! simple /one set up = a memorial w soon be cut into a rude /atue4 ,! face ( a rock w admit ( c>v+ figures en\gh to repres5t an ev5t ( importance2 or ! outl9es may be scrat*$ ^u a bo>d1 & ! use ( col\r1 :i* ab\nds ev]y:]e1 is an easy /ep t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( pa9t+4 ,su*1 we h positive pro(1 x 0 9 ,mexico2 su*1 we may reasonably presume1 x mu/ h be5 9 ,egypt4 ,b ! h]oes & b5efactors ( a lively & en?usia/ic p soon came to be look$ ^u z some?+ div9e4 ,he1 :o fir/ 9 ! sight ( 8 tribe1 scatt]$ se$ ^u ! e>?1 &1 tru/+ to ! c]ta9 return ( ! season1 taught h[ to ga!r 9 ! h>ve/ & conv]t ! gra9 into bread1 mu/ h /ood 9 ! light ( a ,creator4 ,:5 accid5t _h attract$ obs]vation to ! fatty nature ( ! olive1 he :o appli$ oil to ! fe$+ ( a lamp w\ld be celebrat$ z a b5efactor4 ,! tam] ( ! bull1 :o br\ght k9e to lab\r = m51 & f _! milk produc$ su* v>iety ( delici\s food1 m]it$ /ill high] gratitude2 & ^? :o conv]t$ rude dross & %apeless ore into in/rum5ts ( agriculture1 me*anical tools1 weapons (f5sive & def5sive1 almo/ des]v$ ! div9e hon\rs paid to !m4 ,x is nei!r my bus9ess nor my incl9ation to discuss ! orig9 or pr9ciples ( ! my?ology ( any c\ntry1 f>!r ?an z x affect$ ! arts4 ,! pictures & /atues ( ! b5efactors1 or1 z !y soon began to be call$1 ( ! gods1 7 int5d$ to be la/+ memorials ( _! =ms & acts4 ,!y 7 to speak a language indep5d5t ( ! tongue4 ,h5ce x became absolutely necess>y1 t _! repres5tative type %\ld rema9 = ev] fix$4 ,s t to :atev] excell5ce ! me*anic might atta91 or :atev] improvem5t ! progress ( sci5ce might enable ! arti/ to make1 all *ange 0 =bidd52 & ?\gh ! lab\r & f9i% became exquisite1 x w\ld h be5 sacrilege to alt] ! =m4 ,h5ce1 :ile ! /atues ( o!r nations n "u ^! re/rictions1 assum$ ! fre$om & grace ( nature1 ,egypt saw h] ,osiris & ,isis reta9+ _! rigid & unnatural *>act]s1 not)/&+ ! sublime /yle 9 :i* !y 7 conceiv$4 ,! basso-relievos1 intaglios1 & pa9t$ /uccoes ( ! temples & catacombs1 pres5t great] v>ieties ( action & design2 b ev5 9 !m1 ! human figure is /ill monoton\s 9 "*4 ,b :ole /atues & pictures engrav$ on rocks & walls ( granite & free/one1 are inconv5i5t regi/]s4 ,h5ce "o well kn[n =m 0 soon all[$ to /& z ! sign ( a subject or action2 "p ( t figure might1 9 "t1 be sub/itut$ = ! :ole4 ,! =ms ( animals ^: qualities 7 suppos$ to be> relation to ^? ( man1 7 admitt$ to repres5t ab/ract ideas2 z1 = in/ance1 9 ,india1 ! elephant's head adorn$ ! %\ld]s ( ! god ( wisdom1 & 9 ,egypt1 ! wat*fulness ( ! cat procur$ h] ! hon\r ( l5d+ a mask sometimes to ! greate/ ( ! goddesses4 ,insects ^: appe>ance 0 con/ant at p>ticul> seasons1 became ! types ( ^? seasons1 or ( ! heav5ly bodies :i* regulate !m2 s by a natural process1 a s*eme ( hi]oglyphic repres5tation1 if we mu/ n say writ+1 0 fram$1 :i* long cont9u$ 9 use among ! gov]n+ prie/s ( ,egypt to pres]ve ! annals ( ! c\ntry4 ,_! hi]oglyphics 7 !mselves too cumbr\s = con/ant use1 & x appe>s c]ta9 f anci5t tradition & mod]n discov]y1 t !y produc$ a v>iety ( /eps approa*+ m or less to alphabetical writ+2 & 9 all probability ! le>n$ prie/s :o c\ld n be ignorant ( ! exi/5ce ( su* writ+1 pref]r$ _! own my/]i\s & obscure *>act]s = ! sake ( t p[] :i* unusual & exclusive k always conf]s4 ,! effect t ! use ( hi]oglyphic pa9t+1 :e!r m or less ne> to writ+1 _h ^u ! art ( pa9t+ itself 0 mo/ disa/r\s4 ,^? :o 7 p]mitt$ to pa9t at all1 7 b\nd to make no improvem5t4 ,! art 0 jeal\sly kept = ! adornm5t ( hide\s mummy cases#bi & sepul*ral *amb]s1 :]e ! ne>e/ approa*es to :at is prop]ly pa9t+ 7 a sort ( portraits1 drawn ^u ! inn] c(f9s1 :i* 7 compos$ ( folds ( l95 prep>$ ) a *alk gr\nd1 or basso-relievos ei!r col\r$ !mselves1 or imitat$ 9 flat col\rs ^u ! walls4 ,! wood ^u :i* ! common] c(f9-pa9t+ 0 execut$ appe>s to h be5 sycamore2 x 0 prep>$ ) f9e lime1 mix$ ) "s k9d ( gum or size = ! col\r]4 ,! pigm5ts 7 o*res = ! mo/ "p2 b ! blues & gre5s appe> to h be5 prep>$ f copp]4 ,! black 0 lamp-black1 & ! :ite a v f9e lime#cj4 ,^! col\rs :5 appli$ on wood1 or cotton1 or l951 7 probably mix$ ) gums1 probably gum arabic or ! ,s>cocolla1 :i* ! ,egyptians us$ 9 prep>+ _! mummies1 & also = glue#ca1 & t gum probably =m$ "p ( ! v>ni% f\nd on ! mummy cases4 ,accord+ to ,mr4 ,wilk9son's acc\nt1 ! pictures 9 ! catacombs 7 execut$ ei!r on ! b>e lime/one wall1 or on ! s&/one prep>$ ) f9e lime4 ,:e!r ! gr\ps 7 to be pa9t$ or *isell$ 9 intaglio or relief1 !y 7 outl9$ ) r$ o*re1 !n correct$ ) black4 ,! next /ep 0 ! c>v+ ! intaglios or ! reliefs1 or modell+ ! /ucco applications1 aft] :i*1 9 "s ( ! tombs1 pla9 unbrok5 col\r 0 appli$4 ,b ev5 ?is approa* to pa9t+ arose f ! desire ( di/+ui%+ objects1 z tribute ( gold f tribute ( silv]1 prison]s ( :ite1 tawny1 or black nations1 & s on4 ,b no?+ l a picture1 z we und]/& ! ^w1 has ev] be5 f\nd2 no?+ display+ a k ( light & %ad[1 p]spective ei!r l9eal or arial1 no?+ :i* by means ( col\r & t9t imitates nature3 nor h we ! "n ( any ,egyptian pa9t] 9 ! annals ( art4 ,"u "s ( ! ,ptolemys1 arti/s f ,greece visit$ ! c\rt ( ! ,grecian k+s2 & d\btless ! m]*ants ( ,alex&ria may h be5 p]mitt$ to possess ,greek pictures2 b ! ,ptolemys became ,egyptians1 & adopt$ ! hi]oglyphic mann] ( record+ _! acts & lives2 & until ! ,*ri/ian h]mits pla/]$ ov] ! my/ic figures ( ! ,egyptian prie/s1 t !y might )\t pollution erect _! simple alt>s )9 ! %elt] ( ! ab&on$ temples1 no *ange appe>s to h tak5 place ) reg>d to ! practice ( ! arts 9 ,egypt4 ,x 0 res]v$ = ! foll[]s ( ,mahomet1 :o abhorr$ /atu>y & pa9t+1 to introduce a gay & florid ar*itecture among ! sev]e palaces & tombs ( ! *ildr5 ( ,misraim1 to use _! temples z qu>ries = build+ mat]ials1 & to burn _! /atues = lime#cb4 ,egypt1 !re=e1 ?\gh once excell+ 9 ar*itecture & religi\s sculpture1 kn[+ ! use ( col\r1 & conf]r+ innum]able b5efits on o!r c\ntries 9 mo/ ( ! arts ( design1 has nev] h]self be5 ! c\ntry ( pa9t+4 ,extract ( a ,lett] f ,,mr4 ,,clift to ,,mrs4 ,,callcott4 ,novemb] #ahce4 ,i h be5 pres5t1 & assi/$ 9 ! op5+ ( sev]al mummies1 9 :i*1 al?\gh !re 0 a g5]al resemblance 9 ! mann]1 yet !re 7 palpable diff]5ces too1 aris+ probably f diff]5ce ( p]son1 "t1 & price2 b 9 none ( !m 0 !re any pa9t+ :atev] on ! inn] l95 wrapp+s3 !y appe> to diff] *iefly 9 ! great] or less c>e tak5 accord+ to ! price2 "s be+ mu* m labori\sly & c>efully prep>$ ?an o!rs4 ,raspe may h be5 "r 9 ! p>ticul> to :i* y allude1 ( ! inn] b&ages be+ pa9t$1 if he has n mi/ak5 ! inn] c(f9 = b&ag+3 z ,mr4 ,pettigrew 9 8 late qu>to volume on ,mummies1 has giv5 a ?ree-qu>t] face portrait1 :i* ,i ?9k he describes z hav+ be5 f\nd on ! surface ( ! imm$iate wrapp]s ( ! body )9 ! second c(f9 ( a specim5 9 ! ,briti% ,museum1 :i* ,i h n se52 & he has1 or _h1 ! head ( a suppos$ female mummy1 :i* _h ! features ( a face & head-dress outl9$ ^u ! ext]ior wrapp] ( ! body1 b ,i h se5 no o!r example4 ,x is n unusual1 9 ! m exp5sively prep>$ mummies1 to f9d ! inside ( ! out] or wood5 case ornam5t$ ) figures 9 outl9e2 b ,i d n recollect any su* t 7 col\r$3 ! greate/ lab\r appe>s to h be5 always be/[$ on ! second or int]nal c(f91 or case :i* imm$iately conta9s ! body4 ,! out]1 or wood5 case1 :i* is g5]ally believ$ to be made ( sycamore-wood1 is sometimes wr\ght out ( ! solid1 t is1 excavat$2 & sometimes compos$ ( sev]al pieces jo9$ by d[els1 or wood5 pegs1 in/ead ( nails4 ,i nev] saw an in/ance ( iron or metal be+ employ$4 ,?is out] case is also usually ( consid]able ?ickness1 viz41 f two to ?ree or f\r or m in*es1 & g5]ally coat$ ?ickly ) di/emp] col\r1 on :i* is pa9t$ v>i\s emblematical devices 9 a v inf]ior mann]2 ! mask or face sometimes gild$1 sometimes r$ 7male71 sometimes yell[ 7female74 ,i nev] obs]v$ any appe>ance ( v>ni% hav+ be5 employ$ on ! col\rs ( ?is out] case4 ,on wr5*+ op5 ! upp] & l[] portions ( ?is out] or wood5 case1 :i* are unit$ by flat t5ons receiv$ 9 sockets & fa/5$ by pegs1 & app>5tly glue 9 ! jo9t1 ! second or inn] case appe>s4 ,?is case has n any wood 9 its composition1 except a small piece at ! bottom1 or foot-bo>d1 on :i* ! feet ( ! mummy re/4 ,?is case is compos$ ( at lea/ t5 or a doz5 lay]s ( l95 ( ! same quality z t :i* envelopes ! body2 ^! lam9 are v firmly cem5t$ toge!r by a mat]ial app>5tly glue & lime1 or pla/]4 ,?is case is orig9ally m\ld$ on a rude mass or model ( clay & /raw1 ( ! size & =m ( ! swa!d body int5d$ to be aft]w>ds conta9$ 9 x1 & :5 suffici5tly dry to reta9 its =m1 ! clay & /raw are scrap$ or scoop$ out f ! back "p :i* is left op51 or r app>5tly cut op5 = t purpose1 & !n ! body is introduc$1 & ! edges ( ! ap]ture br\ght toge!r & secur$ by a v simple & +5i\s me?od ( drum-l brac+1 & ! seam & lac+ cov]$ aft]w>ds ) a /rip ( clo?1 glu$ or cem5t$1 ov] !m4 ,?is1 ) ! foot-bo>d1 :i* is brac$ 9 or secur$ 9 ! same mann]1 r5d]$ ! body z x 71 h]metically seal$ 9 its *rysalis case4 ,! pa9t+ on ! ext]ior ( ! inn] case is1 ,i believe1 ! mo/ lab\r$ "p ( ! process1 & ,i h se5 "s :i* mu/ h occupi$ _m days1 p]haps _m weeks1 9 ! v elaborate outl9+ & col\r+ 9 wat]-col\r or di/emp]2 & f9ally v>ni%+ or fix+ ! subject ( ?is hi]oglyph or allegory4 ,! gr\nd ( ?is pa9t+ is ( v f9e & pure :ite1 resembl+ /ucco4 ,! p>ts t are drawn on1 & app>5tly outl9$ ) a p5 & !n col\r$1 are ! only p>ts t are aft]w>ds v>ni%$3--! blank p>ts ( ! :ite gr\nd rema9 unv>ni%$1 except :]e ! v>ni%-bru% has occasionally slipp$ beyond ! outl9e1 & !re ! :ite has become yell[4 ,?is :ite gr\nd may be di/urb$ by a wett$ f+]1 :i* is n ! case ) ! v>ni%$ p>ts4 ,_! v>ni% mu/ h be5 ( excell5t quality1 z x reta9s its transp>5cy & gloss 9 a mo/ extraord9>y degree2 9 "s in/ances appe>+ z if execut$ only a few days4 ,9 "o t 0 op5$ 9 ,sir ,b5jam9 ,brodie's new !atre 9 ,k9n]ton-/reet1 ,knightsbridge1 dur+ ! la/ summ]1 "s p]sons 7 s deceiv$ z to believe ! v>ni% to h be5 duly laid on & n yet dry2 & really x might appe> s to an inexp]i5c$ eye1 )\t t\*+4 ,:at ! nature ( ! pigm5ts us$ 71 ,i h no adequate k2 !y g5]ally appe> to be e>?y or o*re\s & opaque3 yet _! arti/s und]/ood ! art ( repres5t+ transp>5t objects ) !m1 = example3--9 "o :i* 0 op5$ ab\t two ye>s s9ce at ! ,college ( ,surgeons 9 ,l9coln's ,inn ,fields1 on :i* sev]al figures 7 introduc$1 "o ( !m _h its limbs p>tly nak$1 p>tly cov]$ by a ?9 transp>5t robe1 & a ?ird degree se5 ?r\gh a d\ble & ?ick] "p ( ! dress4 ,! body ( ?is mummy 0 envelop$ 9 at lea/ fifte5 or tw5ty lay]s ( l95 filet1 measur+ ,i ?9k ab\t "o hundr$ & ?irty y>ds ( h&bread? /rips1 torn ! l5g? way ( ! piece4 ,! only entire piece f "o end to ! o!r ( ! w>p1 :i* ,i c\ld pres]ve1 measur$ eighte5 feet1 :i*1 fold$ twice1 made ! l5g? ( _! ord9>y robe or dress 7f\r feet six in*es71 ( :i* we met ) sev]al examples4 ,! out] g5]al envelope or w9d+-%eet 0 9 "o piece1 ab\t sev5 feet 9 l5g?1 & ne>ly two y>ds wide1 ( excell5tly regul> manufacture1 ) a v good & uni=m selvage3 !re 7 also v>i\s pieces ( ab\t a y>d long1 & two y>ds or r m 9 bread?1 fold$ & plac$ "u ! holl[ p>ts ( ! body1 toge!r ) ?ree or f\r halves 7all ( ! left side7 ( robes or dresses1 torn l5g?wise1 t _h be5 mu* worn & d>n$1 or /r5g!n$ ) mu* +5uity & neatness4 ,^! 7 fold$1 & laid beh9d or b5ea? ! back z a palliasse4 ,! "n ( ?is mummy1 z deciph]$ by ,mr4 ,wilk9son & ,mr4 ,pettigrew1 0 8,horseisi1 son ( ,naspih9iegori1 inc5se be>+ ,prie/ 9 ! ,temple ( ,ammon at ,!bes40 ,?is inscription 0 repeat$ ?ree or f\r times on ! b&ag+1 betwe5 ! body & ! ext]nal surface ( ! wrapp]s1 b !re 0 no appe>ance ( any pa9t+ :atev] on !m4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,"l ,bacon1 on ! ,advancem5t ( ,le>n+4 #b ,! prodigi\s collection ( ,mexican relics1 pres5t$ by ! publication ( ,"l ,k+sbor\gh's spl5did "w1 is among ! mo/ int]e/+ records ( an infant civilization ev] laid be=e ! _w4 #c ,m&ioca1 call$1 9 ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s1 ,cassava4 ,! plant+1 ga!r+1 /or+ ! roots1 gr9d+1 & f9ally sep>at+ ! meal f ! f9e gum call$ ,tapioca1 suppose a long p]iod ( exp]i5ce & great +5uity4 #d ,see ,humboldt's ,rese>*es1 9 "o ( ! plates to :i* !re is a picture law-suit1 ( mix$ realities & symbols4 ,! small gold5 figures1 ?\ght to be idols1 f\nd 9 "s p>ts ( ,p]u1 & ( :i* ,i saw "o 9 ! possession ( ,t4 ,bigg1 ,esq41 belong to ! jewell]s' art r ?an to legitimate sculpture4 ,t :i* ,i saw1 0 +5i\sly =m$ ( gold wire1 v>i\s coils & folds ( :i* 7 twi/$ into ! =m ( legs & arms1 a body & head1 ) ! features ( ! face2 v frightful1 x is true1 b /ill ) a suffici5t degree ( imitation to be ! lik5ess ( a man4 ,! ,t]ra ,cottas & /one or m>ble figures ( ,mexico1 are ( a high] class4 #e ,see "s excell5t obs]vations ( ,mr4 ,wilk9son1 z to ! agreem5t ( ! book ( ,g5esis & ! ,egyptian docum5ts on ?is po9t4 #f ,pausanias1 9 ! fif? *apt] ( ! ,cor9?iacs says1 t ! ,sicyonians ass]t t gialeus 0 ! fir/ native ( ! place1 & t he nam$ ! c\ntry gialeus1 & ! city gialea4 ,taylor's ,translation4 #g ,*ap4 xv4 v4 #af4 #h ,i am oblig$ to a le>n$ fri5d1 = ! above explanation ( ! mean+ ( ! names ,debir & ,kirja? ,seph]4 ,to ! same fri5d ,i owe _m corrections & sugge/ions ( great value to me 9 ! foll[+ pages4 #i ,see ! figures & inscriptions on ! curi\s cups belong+ to ?ree ( ! mo/ anci5t ,*9ese dyna/ies1 publi%$ 9 ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,asiatic ,society4 #aj ,a *ange is tak+ place 9 ,*9ese art4 ,! portrait pa9t]s ( ! cele/ial empire are beg9n+ to imitate ^? ( ,europe4 ,?is ye> 7#ahcf7 !re is "o 9 ! ,exhibition at ,som]set ,h\se t 0 tak5 = ! "w ( a ,european arti/ by ! academicians :o fir/ saw x4 #aa ,! acc\nt ( ,mahabalipoor1 or ,mavellipoor1 9 ! fir/ ,volume ( ! ,asiatic ,rese>*es1 is errone\s4 ,! au?or seems to h se5 b two ( ^! temples1 & to h mi/ak5 ! place ( !m4 ,! l>ge/ is =ty-sev5 feet long & tw5ty-five feet high4 ,! second is tw5ty-sev5 feet long & ?irty-six feet high4 #ab ,unless1 inde$1 ! rec5tly discov]$ caves1 9 ,nor!rn ,india %\ld turn out to be any?+ m ?an col\r$ bas-relief4 #ac ,see1 = examples1 9 ,wilson's translations ( ! !atre ( ! ,h9doos1 ,malati ,madava1 act i41 sc5e #b4 ,?is play 0 writt5 by ,bhavabhuti1 :o fl\ri%$ ab\t ,a4 ,d4 #gbj4 ,"h ! lov] draws 8 mi/ress' portrait1 f memory1 on 8 writ+ tables4 ,!re is ano!r v pretty example 9 ,retnavali1 or ! ,necklace1 by ,sri ,h]%a ,deva1 writt5 = ! c\rt ( ,ca%mir1 ab\t ,a4 ,d4 #aabj1 :]e ! "y lady sket*es h] lov] 9 ! "* ( ,camdeo1 & h] fri5d f9i%es ! picture by add+ h] figure z ,reti1 ! bride ( ,camdeo4 #ad ,see plates & descriptions 9 ! e>ly vols4 ( ! ,asiatic ,rese>*es1 & ,lieut5ant ,burnes' mo/ int]e/+ travels4 #ae ,ezekiel xxiii4 #ad1 #ae2 a v rem>kable passage4 #af ,d\btless su* magnific5t p]sons z ! ,k+s ( ,p]sia _h pa9t]s & sculptors4 ,p]sepolis1 & ! ,takht i ,ru/an prove x4 ,pl9y says t a ,phocean arti/1 nam$ ,teleph5es1 0 9 ! s]vice ( ,x]xes & ,d>ius2 !re=e ! ,p]sian c\rt (f]$ to arti/s ! prospect ( =tune4 ,9 ! v int]e/+ n>rative ( ! late ,mr4 ,ri*'s resid5ce on ! site ( anci5t ,n9eveh 7lately publi%$ by 8 wid[71 m5tion is made ( ! rema9+ decorations ( ! decay$ ,*ri/ian *ur*es4 ,^! are ( s e>ly a date t ! art employ$ on !m mu/ be ! same ) t ( ! times ( ! fire-wor%ipp]s4 ,! figures appe> to h be5 9 relief1 l ^? ( ! catacombs ( ,egypt1 & col\r rema9s 9 v>i\s p>ts4 #ag ,curi\s & int]e/+ z ! plates are :i* adorn ! "w ( ,rossel9i1 br\ght to ,engl& s9ce ?is essay 0 writt51 !y d n 9 ! slighte/ degree alt] my view ( ,egyptian pa9t+4 #ah ,! reign ( ! ,phrah ,osirtis5 ,,ii41 ,wilk9son says1 0 t 9 :i* ,joseph 0 c>ri$ d[n into ,egypt4 #ai ,ox=d ,bible4 ,qu>to4 ,*ronology at ! end4 #bj ,arundel ,m>bles4 #ba ,b4 ,c4 #aehb4 #bb ,eliez>1 ,abraham's s]vant1 0 b\ght !re4 #bc ,b4 ,c4 #adie4 #bd ,tanis4 ,lightfoot4 #be ,gold 0 us$ 9 ?is embroid]y2 ! metal 0 beat into exce$+ ?9 plates1 !n cut z small z wire2 ?is flat gold embroid]y is /ill us$ 9 ! ,ea/4 ,exodus1 *apt] xxxix41 v]se #c4 #bf ,exodus1 *apt] xxxii41 v]se #d4 #bg ,= ! suppos$ figures ( ! *]ubim1 see ,lightfoot1 :o ?9ks !y _h ! faces ( ox5 betwe5 _! w+s1 n human heads4 #bh ,! song ( ,man]os 01 h[ev]1 long sung 9 ,egypt2 b t 0 accompani$ ) a /rangely melan*oly air1 :i*1 p]haps1 secur$ its duration4 ,! few words said ( ?is air by ,h]odotus1 h furni%$ ,mr4 ,seym] ) ! subject ( a beautiful tale4 ,see fir/ s]ies ( ,romance ( ,anci5t ,hi/ory4 #bi ,see extract f ,mr4 ,clift's lett] at ! end ( ?is ,essay4 #cj ,see ,wilk9son4 #ca ,h]od3 ,eut]pe ,,lxxxvi4 ,n t !y 7 ignorant1 probably1 ( glue made f ! sk9s ( animals1 c4 ,! ,romans _h x1 &1 z ,pl9y says1 pref]r$ t made ( bulls' hides4 #cb ,see ! acc\nts giv5 by all mod]n travell]s4 ,! extreme beauty & delicacy ( /ructure ( _m ( ! ,mosques & ! ,tombs ( ! ,caliphs1 ornam5t$1 ev5 to pr(us5ess1 ) ev]y?+ b imitations ( animat$ be+s1 =m a contra/ almo/ extravagant1 ) ! sev]e1 if n sublime1 masses ( anci5t ,egypt4 ,,essay ,,ii4 ,,( ,,art ,,9 ,,anci5t ,,italy#cc4 ,arts are advanc$ n s mu* by !m t d>e make a great %[ ( ,art1 z by !m t "k h[ to f9d out :at !re is 9 ,art4 ,,isocrates4 ,hon\r do? n\ri% ,arts1 & we are all drawn by glory to take pa9s2 z are also su* ?+s ev] neglect$1 z are little reg>d$ 9 ! op9ion ( m54 ,,cic]o4 ,x is v disagreeable to unle>n ! le>n+ ( "o's y\?1 & to give up belief 9 c]ta9 ?+s t seem1 f our long famili> acqua9tance1 z if !y made up a "p ( ! sy/em ( nature itself4 ,b s x mu/ be1 if we w give ourselves fair play 9 exam9+ into ! hi/ory ( art or sci5ce1 polity or comm]ce1 9 anci5t ,italy4 ,9 our e>ly education x is ,rome only to :i* ! att5tion is direct$4 ,rome is repres5t$ z fir/ 9 arts & arms1 z spread+ civilisation along ) h] dom9ion3 &1 9 %ort1 ,roman virtue & ,roman greatness dazzle our "y imag9ations1 till1 see+ no?+ b ! gl>e ( h] m]idian spl5d\r1 we =get to look :5ce & h[ x arose4 ,yet ,italy mu/ h _h a long & n +lori\s hi/ory be=e ! sev5-hill$ city c\ld boa/ ( a %eph]d's hut1 or ! politic ,romulus1 if su* a k+ ev] reign$1 f\nd a village consid]able en\gh to tempt him to make himself a k+ contr>y to ! cu/om ( ! neighb\r+ f$]al /ates1 "o ( :i*1 ,cre1 _h1 n v long be=e 8 "t1 expell$ its ,lucumon 7,mez5tius7 = little reason b t he _h s\ght to *ange ! annual magi/racy into a mon>*y = life#cd4 ,?is hi/ory w probably rema9 = ev] obscure z to ! p>ticul> facts relat+ to x1 & ! names ( ^? :o might h figur$ 9 x2 because1 ! va+lory ( ! ,romans1 infect+ ev5 _! writ]s1 desir$ t _! own hi/ory & _! own monum5ts %\ld /& =emo/ 9 ! eyes ( po/]ity2 & ?\gh ! anci5t books exi/$1 & ! anci5t language 0 /ill und]/ood to a late p]iod#ce1 no use 0 made ( !m by ^? :o record$ ! a*ievem5ts ( ! ,romans2 & x is because !y f\nd x s difficult to conqu] ! ,italian tribes1 "o by "o1 t we are l$ to =m an idea ( _! /r5g? & importance4 ,_m m5 ( le>n+ & und]/&+ 9 ,italy1 _h1 f "t to "t1 ?r[n d\bts on ! e>ly portion ( ! ,roman hi/ory1 "s p]haps feel+ t _! own native prov9ces _h be5 wrong$ by _! gorge\s adv]s>y4 ,b ! fate ( ,italy1 ,s]vir sempre1 o v9citrice o v9ta1 _h l[]$ ! en]gies t1 "u o!r circum/ances1 w\ld h boldly proclaim$ ^! d\bts long ago1 & h %[n ,rome z %e 01 ! de/roy] ( m5 & ( happ9ess2 a conqu]or conv]t+ :ole well-peopl$ & cultivat$ prov9ces into des]ts1 ev] :i* a few wret*$ slaves w&]$ to _! task "w1 in/ead ( ! free peasants :o once ga!r$ _! own ri* h>ve/s2 a tyrant at ^: fr[n ! lib]al arts )]$1 & comm]ce des]t$ ! useless ports & ab&on$ /oreh\ses ( ! subdu$ m]*ants & spiritless arti/s4 ,b ! pa9s-tak+ critics ( ,g]many _h no morbid s5sibility to prev5t !m f attack+ ,rome2 none ( ! hopeless feel+ ( ^? :o w\ld1 b mu/ n1 v9dicate ! fame ( _! ance/ors2 & ) some?+ ( r\ghness & mu* ( ju/ice1 !y h taught u to trample on anci5t prejudice1 & to d>e to look ^u ,italy z n dep5dant entirely ^u ,rome4 ,!re h n be5 want+ ,italians to jo9 9 ^! views1 & to ackn[l$ge ! m]it ( _! trans-alp9e critics4 ,among ^! ,micali is conspicu\s2 &1 z 8 late "w1 ) its atlas1 ?r[s consid]able light on a v e>ly p]iod ( art 9 ,italy1 ,i %all make use ( x 9 pref]5ce to any o!r 9 :at ,i h to say ( pa9t+ & its k9dr$ arts1 be=e ! p]iod ( ,roman au!ntic hi/ory beg9s4 ,! scatt]$ notices to be f\nd 9 anci5t writ]s1 leave no d\bt z to a few facts3 namely1 t a rude tribe1 or sev]al rude tribes1 call$ by ! v>i\s titles ( ,opicians1 ,auruncians1 ,oscans1 ,cascans1 or ,priscan ,lat9s1 "u ! g5]al "n ( ,ausonians1 & all speak+ ! same language1 once possess$1 at lea/1 ! hill c\ntries ( ,italy2 t ^! 7 succe$$ by a race speak+ a diff]5t dialect1 resembl+ ! ,pelasgians1 :o appe> 9 sev]al c\ntries z ! fir/ p possess+ ! arts ( civiliz$ life1 beg9n+ to build cities1 & introduc+ regul> gov]nm5t4 ,!n we read ( ,umbrians1 ,siculi1 & colonies f ,greece & ,phrygia2 & ,italy next appe>s1 long be=e ! f\ndation ( ,rome1 z *iefly possess$ by a p ^: native "n seems to h be5 ,ra-s5i1 :o 7 call$ g5]ally by ! ,greeks1 ,tyrrh5ians1 & by ! ,lat9s1 ,tuscans or ,etruscans4 ,x is among ?is rem>kable p1 possess$ ( "s ( ! sci5ces & mo/ ( ! arts ( social life1 t ! f9e arts 7 fir/ cultivat$ 9 ,italy2 & t !y 7 no mean pr(ici5ts1 w n be disput$ by any "o :o has beheld ev5 a s+le ,etruscan vase#cf4 ,!y _h n pyramids or giant temples to boa/ (4 ,_! works 7 n = k+s or = ! exclusive pr(it ( ! gov]n+ prie/s1 l ^? ( ,egypt or ,india1 b = ! public4 ,!y h left walls ( cities1 solid quays & ports1 dra9s & sluices1 useful ev5 at ! pres5t "t1 z _! monum5ts4 ,b 9 _! c\ntry1 z well z 9 ,egypt1 x is 9 ! repositories ( ! dead t we are to look = ! relics ( :atev] 0 beautiful or ornam5tal among !m#cg4 ,! fir/ /eps ( art h1 d\btless1 be5 ! same among all nations2 b ! ,tyrrh5ians _h "s advantages 9 _! e>ly cultivation4 ,!y 7 e>ly a m>itime p2 z m]*ants or z pirates !y visit$ :atev] ports ! ,phnicians trad$ to1 9 ! ,m$it]ranean2 & ! effect ( _! =eign int]c\rse is to be trac$ 9 :atev] we "k ( _! in/itutions or see ( _! arts4 ,b ,i mu/ n all[ myself to be s$uc$ into m ?an ! v slighte/ m5tion ( ! resemblance ( "s ( _! in/itutions to ^? ( ,greece1 & ( o!rs to ^? ( ,egypt2 & t m5tion is only made because ! influ5ce ( ! int]c\rse ) o!r nations1 ^u ! arts ( ,etruria1 is s conspicu\s1 t x is impossible to give ! slighte/ sket* ( !m )\t a ref]5ce to x#ch4 ,! relics1 confess$ly ( ,etruscan manufacture1 t f "t to "t h be5 discov]$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ,italy1 _h conv9c$ u t ! nation 0 e>ly acqua9t$ ) ! arts1 b !re 0 little to guide antiqu>ies z to ! age ( ! relics !mselves1 or ! s\rces :5ce ^? arts _h be5 d]iv$4 ,! fabul\s z well z ! true /ories ( colonies f ,asia1 ,egypt1 & ,greece1 :i* _h be5 left by ! anci5ts1 became signals ( battle = mod]n disputants1 & mu* ink has be5 %$ 9 support ( all mann] ( contradictory !ories4 ,! late hi/orical disquisitions ( ! ,g]mans & ,italians cle>$ away a good deal ( obscurity2 ! re-op5+ ( ! great cemet]ies ( ,*uisi1 ,t>qu9ii1 & ,vulscii1 h1 z f> z relates to art1 done mu* m#ci2 & we may safely conclude t ! ,etruscan arti/s1 n mean 9 !mselves1 7 improv$ by ! importation ( models f o!r c\ntries1 & probably by ! settl+ ( pott]s & metal f\nd]s f ,sicyon1 ,cor9?1 & o!r ,greek cities among !m4 ,t !y e>ly adopt$ ! deities ( o!r c\ntries is also prov$ by ! op5+ ( ! tombs ( ,*uisi4 ,x is impossible n to be /ruck ) ! close resemblance to ! sculpture & col\r$ bas-reliefs ( ,egypt f\nd !re2 &1 sav+ t ! ,tuscans d n appe> to h practis$ embalm+1 ! my/ic c]emonies 9 hon\r ( ! dead are %[n to be ! same4 ,! beautiful vases ( diff]5t k9ds & col\rs1 ( clay bak$ or unbak$1 are cov]$ ) designs1 9 exquisite ta/e & delicately t\*$4 ,!y are mo/ly pa9t$ 9 "o s+le col\r1 or at mo/ two or ?ree flat col\rs1 pick$ out ) black or :ite4 ,"s h figures 9 slight relief2 &1 ) few exceptions1 ! subjects are f ! ,greek my/]ies ( ,bac*us1 ,h]cules1 & ,c]es1 :5 _! attributes co9cide ) ^? ( ! ,egyptian deities1 ,osiris & 8 family4 ,! g5ii1 ) two or f\r w+s1 f\nd 9 "s ( ! mo/ anci5t1 m>k a v e>ly int]c\rse ) ! prie/s ( bo? c\ntries2 & ?\gh ! mo/ (f5sive p>ticul>s belong+ to _! my?ologies are totally abs5t1 ! great ,egyptian demon ( de/ruction is common on cups1 pat]1 & vases#dj4 ,among ! great v>iety ( designs f\nd 9 ! newly op5$ tombs1 ,i _c refra9 f m5tion+ "o :i* ,micali has publi%$1 ( a dome/ic rural sc5e1 pa9t$ 9 sev]al col\rs4 ,"u a canopy !re is a grave eld]ly man seat$1 & be=e him 8 s]vants are weigh+ corn1 br\ght 9 nets f ! field#da4 ,bel[1 z if 9 a vault1 o!rs are /[+ sacks ( corn1 :i* we may suppose h be5 weigh$4 ,! resemblance ( ! subject on ?is pat]a or plate to "s ( ^? f\nd by ,mr4 ,wilk9son on ! walls ( ! catacombs ( ,egypt1 is v rem>kable4 ,besides ! vases ( clay1 "s ut5sils ( wood & metal 7 f\nd 9 ! cemet]ies4 ,gems also1 ) *as$ ornam5ts1 ( beautiful fancy & excell5t workman%ip1 necklaces1 armlets1 r+s1 buckles1 signets1 besides arm\r1 all design$ ) ta/e1 & execut$ ) skill1 %[1 to our regret1 aga9/ h[ civiliz$ a p ! ,romans made w>1 & leave u to lam5t t ! selfi% va+lory ( ! conqu]ors ?\ght ( pres]v+ no annals b _! own4 ,to describe ! pa9t$ sides ( ! tombs at ,*uisi & o!r ru9$ ,italian cities1 w\ld be to repeat :at ,i h already said ( ^? ( ,egypt1 z f> z _! col\r+ is conc]n$1 or _! approa* to ! nature ( a true picture2 b ,i mu/ rem>k t ! designs1 if n s impos+1 h m nature & grace1 ?\gh !y are n to be comp>$ 9 size1 numb]1 or v>iety1 ) ^? ( ,egypt4 ,b !re is "s reason to believe t ! anci5t ,italians _h true pa9t]s among !m4 ,inde$ ,i ?9k ! evid5ce = x z good z t we h = any o!r facts connect$ ) ! arts4 ,pl9y#db1 aft] refut+ ! /ory t pa9t+ 0 br\ght into ,italy f ,cor9?1 by ,cleophantus1 a fri5d ( ,t>qu9ius ,priscus#dc1 :o _h fl$ f ! tyranny ( ,cypselus1 says expressly#dd1 8,extant !re be at ?is day to be se5 at ,ardea1 )9 ! temples !re1 antique pictures1 & inde$ m anci5t ?an ! city ( ,rome4 ,& ,i assure y no pictures ev] came to my sight :i* ,i wond] s mu* at1 namely1 t !y %\ld cont9ue s long fre% & z if !y 7 newly made1 consid]+ ! places :]e !y be s ru9ate & uncov]$ ov] head4 ,semblably at ,lanuvium1 !re rema9 two pictures ( ,lady ,atalanta & ,que5 ,hel5a1 close "o to ! o!r1 pa9t$ nak$1 by "o & ! same h&3 bo? ( !m are = beauty incomp>able1 & yet a man may disc]n "o ( !m to be a maid5 by h] mode/ & *a/e c\nt5ance1 :i* pictures1 not)/&+ ! ru9 ( ! temple :]e !y /&1 are n a :it disfigur$ or defac$#de20 & f>!r on he says1 t at ,cre !re 7 pictures ( /ill great] antiquity4 ,^! 7 ( c\rse ! works ( ,etruscan arti/s1 &1 z ,pl9y _h opportunities ( see+ & judg+ ( ! be/ ,greek pictures :i* successive conqu]ors _h br\ght to ,rome be=e 8 "t1 8 praises may be tak5 z good evid5ce = ! g5]al e/imation ( ! skill ( ^? e>ly pa9t]s4 ,happily1 al?\gh ! b>b>\s ,romans _h n ta/e en\gh to value & pres]ve ! fame ( _! ,etruscan rivals1 !y did n disda9 to employ _! arti/s4 ,"o ( ! ,roman modes ( hon\r+ _! =efa!rs 0 to pres]ve _! effigies 9 pla/]1 wax1 /one1 or metal2 & on ! dea? ( any memb] ( a family1 ! figures or heads ( ! ance/ors 7 tak5 f ! family treasury to accompany ! body to ! place ( burial1 or to ! fun]al pyre4 ,?is alone w\ld r5d] ! ,etruscan sculptors popul>4 ,"o ( ! mo/ anci5t rema9+ works1 execut$ by !m = ,rome1 is ! bronze wolf1 8! ?und]-/rick5 nurse ( ,rome10 pres]v$ 9 ! ,capitol1 & ( :i* ,micali has giv5 an excell5t figure4 ,b ?is1 & also ! mo/ anci5t /atues ( ! k+s & consuls1 mu/ h be5 ca/ 9 ,etruscan t[ns1 & br\ght to ,rome2 = ,pl9y#df tells u t ! v fir/ bronze /atue ca/ )9 ! city 0 t ( ! goddess ,c]es1 ! exp5se be+ defray$ by ! =feit$ goods ( ,spurius ,capius1 :o 0 put to dea? = aspir+ to ! dignity ( k+#dg4 ,! ,romans 7 s fond ( ! ,tuscan /atues t !y collect$ !m f all qu>t]s4 ,at ! tak+ ( ,vols9um 7n[ ,bols5a7 alone1 !y remov$ two ?\s& to _! own city2 & ! practice ( sett+ up /atues1 ev5 9 ! public places1 mu/ h become a nuisance1 be=e ! s5ate made a decree t !y %\ld all be remov$1 except+ su* z _h be5 erect$ by public vote 9 hon\r ( great p]sonages4 ,?us1 :5 ! /reets & m>ket-places 7 cle>$ ( ! nameless cr[d1 ! bronze portraits ( ,poplicola & ( ,cornelia became ( d\ble importance4 ,among ! mo/ anci5t ( ! monum5tal bronzes 7 sev]al eque/rian /atues 9 hon\r ( wom5 z well z m54 ,t ( ,clelia 0 especially priz$1 & !re 0 ano!r ( ! daught] ( ,poplicola held 9 ! highe/ rev]5ce4 ,( colossal figures1 !re 0 an ,etruscan ,apollo1 ( fifty feet high1 plac$ 9 ! libr>y ( ! ,temple ( ,augu/us2 ( :i* ,pl9y says1 8,b ! bigness !re( is n s mu* z ! matt] & ! workman%ip2 = h>d x is to say1 :e!r is m admirable ! beautiful figure ( ! body1 or ! exquisite temp]ature ( ! metal#dh40 ,!re 0 also ! colossal ,jupit] ( ! ,capitol1 ca/ by ,corvillius out ( ! braz5 arm\r tak5 f ! dead bodies ( ! conqu]$ ,samnites4 ,besides ?is ta/e = /atues1 ! ,romans 7 n sl[ to acquire a love = ornam5t$ cups & b[ls & di%es ( ! preci\s metals2 nor 7 !re want+ among ! spoils convey$ to ,rome f ! ,etruscan cities1 lamps & c&elabra & o!r furniture ( elegant design1 :i* ! m rigid citiz5s look$ ^u z t5d+ to ! corrupt+ ( ! mann]s ( ! anci5ts1 ! mod]ate & ag$ d$icat$ to ! gods1 b ! multitude us$ & enjoy$4 ,) all ^! examples ( beautiful =ms daily be=e !m1 & famili> en\gh ) ! sight ( pictures 9 ! neighb\r+ t[ns1 ! inhabitants ( ,rome c\ld n long be )\t pa9t]s2 inde$1 pa9t+ seems to h be5 highly e/eem$ at "o p]iod1 = ! great & noble family ( ! ,fabii cultivat$ x s fondly1 t "o ( _! di/+ui%+ surnames 0 ,pictor4 ,fabius ,pictor1 ! fa!r ( t ,fabius ,pictor :o 0 s5t to ,delphos to consult ! ,oracle ( ,apollo1 on ! fate ( 8 c\ntry1 aft] ! disa/] at ,cann1 appe>s to h d$icat$ ! fir/ picture publicly to ! gods 9 ,rome4 ,he himself pa9t$ ! ,temple ( ,salus1 9 su* a mann] z to be e/eem$ ev5 aft] ! introduction ( ,greek pictures2 b ! pa9t+ ) ! ,temple itself 0 de/roy$ by fire 9 ! reign ( ,claudius ,cs>#di4 ,pacuvius1 ! poet & trag$ian1 is nam$ z ano!r great pa9t] 9 ! "t ( ! ,republic4 ,he liv$ ab\t sixty ye>s lat] ?an ,fabius ,pictor1 & 0 a native ( ,brundusium4 ,z ! nephew ( ,ennius1 8 works w\ld h be5 sure ( a fav\rable notice f all ! wise & poli%$ ,romans ( 8 "t2 b1 by :at we are told ( !m1 !y d n appe> to h requir$ indulg5ce4 ,he pa9t$ ! ,temple ( ,h]cules 9 ! cattle m>ket 9 ,rome1 & ! pictures are said to h giv5 dignity to ! art itself4 ,b a s+ul> use 0 made ( pa9t+ by ! ,roman h]oes4 ,_! inord9ate love ( milit>y fame discov]$ a mode ( fe$+ t rul+ passion by means ( ?is *>m+ art2 & x appe>s t ,val]ius ,maximus ,messala 0 ! fir/ to adopt a practice ( exhibit+ pictures ( 8 own actions1 :i* became aft]w>ds pretty common1 ?\gh condemn$ by "s ( ! *ief m5 ( ! ,republic4 ,messala !n caus$ a picture to be hung up 9 ! ,portico ,ho/ilia1 repres5t+ ! ,battle ( ,messana#ej1 :]e he _h vanqui%$ bo? ! ,c>?ag9ians & ,hi]o ( ,syracuse1 :o _h jo9$ 8 =m] enemies to resi/ ! invasion ( 8 c\ntry by ! ,romans4 ,by means ( ?is picture1 ,messala kept himself be=e ! eyes ( ! p1 9 ! situation be/ calculat$ to fur!r 8 views :5ev] he %\ld be a c&idate = ! magi/racy4 ,in/ead ( sitt+ himself 9 ! m>ket-place1 dress$ 9 ! :ite robe ( humility1 & po9t+ to 8 w\nds1 z ,coriolanus says1 to 8,%[ !m ! sc>s t ,i w\ld hide1 ,z if ,i _h receiv$ !m = ! hire ,( _! brea? only10 ! picture told ! /ory ( 8 a*ievem5ts to ! be/ advantage1 & p]haps plac$ 8 p]sonal & p>ty enemies 9 d\btful situations or 9 disgrace4 ,t "s injuri\s effects 7 occasionally produc$ by ! practice is c]ta91 f ! displeasure ent]ta9$ by ,scipio ,africanus aga9/ 8 bro!r ,lucius ,scipio1 = plac+ 9 ! ,capitol a picture ( ! battle ne> ,s>des1 :i* won him ! title ( ,asiaticus1 b 9 :i*1 8 nephew1 ! son ( ,africanus1 0 tak5 prison]4 ,aga91 ,scipio ,emilianus 0 highly (f5d$ at ! display ( a picture ( ! tak+ ( ,c>?age1 exhibit$ 9 ! m>ket-place by ,lucius ,ho/ilius ,manc9us4 ,x appe>s t ,manc9us 0 ! fir/ to ent] ,c>?age on ! tak+ ( t city3 &1 on 8 return to ,rome1 be+ desir\s ( ! consul%ip1 he _h a picture pa9t$ repres5t+ ! /rong situation ( ! t[n1 ) its =tifications1 & all ! ma*9es employ$ 9 ! attack & def5ce1 besides ! actions ( ! besieg]s1 9 :i* c>e 0 tak5 t ^? ( ,manc9us %\ld be mo/ conspicu\s4 ,?is he hung up 9 ! ,=um1 &1 seat+ himself by x1 he expla9$ to ! p all ! p>ts ( ! picture1 p>ticul>ly ^? 9 :i* he 0 conc]n$1 9 su* a mann]1 t he won _! good w1 & ga9$ ! consul%ip at ! v next election4 ,! lawy]s ( ,rome also made use ( pictures 9 _! plead+s1 z we le>n f ,qu9tilian1 :o c5sures ! practice ( hang+ pictures ( murd]s or o!r atroci\s crimes1 ov] ! /atue ( ,jupit]1 9 ! ,=um1 = ! purpose ( mov+ ! judges4 ,z an example ( ! bad effects ( su* ma*9]y1 he relates ! /ory ( a plead]1 :o1 hav+ und]tak5 ! cause ( a "y woman ^: husb& _h be5 murd]$1 _h a picture ( ! murd] pa9t$1 9 ord] to produce x at ! prop] mom5t1 & !reby to affect ! judges & ! audi5ce 9 h] fav\r4 ,b 8 design fail$1 & ! pa9t+ produc$ excessive mir? in/ead ( te>s2 = !y :o _h receiv$ directions = %[+ x1 n prop]ly compreh5d+ !m1 display$ ! picture z (t5 z ! orator look$ _! way4 ,?is notice1 attract$ at a wrong mom5t1 0 mis*iev\s en\gh2 b :5 ! look]s on p]ceiv$ t ! husb& 0 an ugly old man1 ! contra/ betwe5 8 figure & ! repres5tation ( ! plead] 0 s ludicr\s1 t ! plead+ lo/ all its m]it1 & ! "y woman h] cause4 ,x appe>s also t pictures ( _! disa/]s 7 hawk$ ab\t1 by %ipwreck$ m>9]s1 p]sons ^: h\ses _h be5 burnt1 & o!r un=tunate m51 9 ord] to move compassion & obta9 assi/ance2 & t pa9t$ tablets 7 also hung up by su* p]sons 9 ! temples 9 ?ankfulness to ! gods = _! escape4 ,x is probable t ^! pictures 7 b co>se2 yet !re mu/ h be5 9 !m suffici5t individual lik5ess = ! p to recognise ! portrait1 & ! pa9t]s mu/ h _h skill en\gh 9 gr\p+ to h r5d]$ _! subjects intelligible4 ,to ! e>ly sc5e-pa9t]s ! birds ( ,rome are reput$ to h paid z great a complim5t z ^? ( ,greece did to ! grapes ( ,zeuxis2 = :5 ,claudius ,pul*]1 dur+ 8 edile%ip1 exhibit$ dramas publicly 9 ,rome1 ! sc5]y repres5t+ h\ses & o!r build+s 0 s natural1 t ! rav5s & o!r birds1 deceiv$ by _! v]isimilitude1 came to p]* !re4 ,b by ?is "t all ,italy 0 m]g$ 9 ,rome ! conqu]or2 & ! po/]ity ( ! ,etruscan arti/s 0 conf\nd$ ) h] o!r milit>y ,helots4 ,yet "o la/ complim5t 0 paid to pa9t]s 9 ,rome by ,augu/us himself4 ,! nephew or gr&son ( t ,pdius1 :o _h be5 appo9t$ by ,julius ,cs> 8 coheir along ) ,augu/us1 0 born dumb2 & ! ,emp]or consult+ ) ,messala1 ! *ild's mat]nal gr&fa!r1 det]m9$ t he %\ld be br\ght up a pa9t]4 ,he display$ consid]able tal5t1 b di$ :ile yet a y\?4 ,i m5tion ?is ! m p>ticul>ly1 because "s writ]s h ass]t$1 t aft] ! "t ( ,pacuvius pa9t+ became disreputable1 if n infam\s1 9 ,rome4 ,_h t be5 ! case1 ,augu/us w\ld n h *os5 x z a pr(ession = "o s ne>ly alli$ to him4 ,nev]!less1 c5turies pass$ be=e native ,italians aga9 di/+ui%$ !mselves 9 ! f9e arts4 ,f ! "t ( ! ,consul ,mummius1 =eign pictures 7 daily br\ght to ,rome4 ,! fir/ publicly exhibit$ 0 a ,bac*us & ,ariadne1 pa9t$ by ,ari/ides ( ,!bes1 = :i* ,k+ ,attalus _h (f]$ s l>ge a sum1 t ,mummius suspect$ !re mu/ be "s secret *>m atta*$ to ! picture1 & s broke (f ! b>ga9 & took x himself to ,rome1 :]e he d$icat$ x 9 ! ,temple ( ,c]es4 ,aft] ?is example e g5]al seems to h be5 ambiti\s ( adorn+ ! city ) ! f9e/ pictures & /atues f ,greece1 ,asia ,m9or1 & ,sicily4 ,julius ,cs> en%r9$ ! two exquisite pictures ( ,m$ea & ,ajax#ea 9 ! temple ( ,v5us1 :]e he _h hung up ! %ield cov]$ ) ,briti% pe>l4 ,augu/us hung 8 =um ) pictures ( ! horrors ( w> & ! glories ( a triumph2 & 9 ! temple1 :i* he d$icat$ to ! deifi$ ,julius1 he plac$ _m *oice pictures1 ! fir/ & mo/ beautiful ( :i* 0 ! ,v5us ,anadyom5e ( ,apelles4 ,ano!r "w ( ! same pa9t]1 namely1 ,alex&] 9 triumph lead+ ,w> b\nd & manacl$1 0 defac$ by ,claudius1 :o caus$ ! face ( ,alex&] to be eras$1 & t ( ,augu/us to be pa9t$ in/ead4 ,among _m pictures ( note 9 ! same temple 0 "o ( ,ca/or & ,pollux1 ( especial value4 ,9 ! ,comitium also ,augu/us plac$ "s excell5t works ( ,nicias ( ,a!ns1 & ,philo*>es 8 fri5d1 less attractive = _! subjects ?an = ! execution & beauty ( ! design4 ,! ,temple ( ,peace 0 ri* 9 pictures ( ! highe/ class4 ,!re 0 plac$ ! mo/ valu$ ( all ! works ( ,protog5es1 namely1 ! hunt] ,ialysus ) 8 dogs & game4 ,x is said t :5 ,demetrius laid siege to ,rhodes1 & 0 ^u ! po9t ( tak+ ! city1 he ab/a9$ f an attack t mu/ h be5 successful1 on le>n+ t ! picture ( ,ialysus 0 9 ! qu>t] ( ! t[n he might h c>ri$1 le/ 9 ! confusion ! picture %\ld be injur$2 & ! work%op ( ! pa9t]1 be+ j )\t ! walls at t po9t1 0 ano!r reason = sp>+ x4 ,9 ! ,temple ( ,peace also 7 ! ,cyclops ( ,timan!s1 & ! sea-mon/] ,scylla by ,ni*oma*us4 ,9 ! ,temple ( ,concord !re 0 a preci\s picture by ,zeuxis1 ( ,m>syas b\nd to a tree2 & 9 private h&s1 ! ,muses & ! ,hel5 ( ! same pa9t] adorn$ "s ( ! villas ( ,rome4 ,9 t %r9e ( ,c]es1 :]e ,mummius _h plac$ ! ,bac*us & ,ariadne ( ,ari/ides1 !re 7 sev]al o!r pictures by ! same pa9t]1 :i*1 hav+ be5 tru/$ to a re/or] t !y might appe> to advantage 9 "s public procession1 7 utt]ly ru9$4 ,s anci5t 0 ! practice ( consult+ quack re/or]s = works ( art66 ,9 ! ,temple ( ,m9]va on ! ,capitol 0 ! ,!seus ( ,p>rhasius1 ) ! ,rape ( ,pros]p9e & a victory by ,ni*oma*us4 ,! portico ( ,octavia 0 adorn$ by pictures ( ,greek ,my?ology & ,hi/ory1 pa9t$ by t f9i%$ arti/ ,antiphilus2 & t ( ,pompey boa/$ ( a r>e fragm5t by ,polygnotus4 ,x 0 a soldi] ^u a scal+ ladd]1 & possibly /ol5 f "s ( ! great battle pieces :i* he pa9t$ 9 hon\r ( 8 c\ntrym5#eb4 ,! ,romans 7 n m c]emoni\s ?an mod]n conqu]ors 9 _! robb]ies2 witness ! conduct ( ! g5]al :o p]mitt$ ! tombs ( ,cor9? to be brok5 op51 & 9 ! sight ( ! p ! urns conta9+ ! a%es ( _! =efa!rs torn f _! sacr$ asylum1 & publicly sold to ! highe/ bidd] among ! ,romans1 :o became = a "t s passionately fond ( !m1 t n a grave 0 left unviolat$ = miles r\nd ,cor9?2 & x 0 only :5 ! m>ket 0 glutt$1 & ! fa%ion _h pass$ away1 t ,cor9?ian vessels 7 laid aside4 ,a new s*ool1 if ,i may s express myself1 ( pott]y 0 !n e/abli%$ 9 ,italy1 :]e =m]ly ! ,etruscan workm5 _h excell$ all o!rs4 ,b z fa%ion is all-p[]ful 9 all ages1 a new rage = e>!n di%es & b[ls ( enorm\s size grew to su* a pit*1 t ! nickname ( ,pat9>ius 0 giv5 to ,vitellius1 on acc\nt ( "o l>ge platt] :i* he _h made = him1 & :i* co/ m ?an a f9e wr\ght vessel ( *alc$ony w\ld h done#ec2 & ! satirical poets ( t age h nam$ n a few ( ! lov]s ( l>ge di%es4 ,b to return to our import$ pictures4 ,! portico ( ,pompey 0 /ill f>!r adorn$ ) pictures by ,nicias4 ,!re 0 a l>ge portrait ( ,alex&]1 a figure ( ,calypso1 & "s animals pa9t$ by him :i* 7 mu* priz$4 ,! same ,nicias pa9t$ t beautiful picture ( ,hyac9?us1 :i* ,augu/us valu$ s highly1 t1 aft] 8 dea?1 ,tib]ius consecrat$ x to 8 memory1 9 ! temple d$icat$ to him4 ,b ! greate/ influx ( ,greek pictures at any "o "t into ,rome 0 dur+ ! edile%ip ( ,scaurus2 :51 on acc\nt ( a real or pret5d$ debt ow+ by ! p ( ,sicyon to ,rome1 ! :ole ( ! pictures ( t city 7 seiz$ & convey$ to ,italy4 ,among ^! ! mo/ preci\s appe>s to h be5 a sacrifice by ,pausius1 ! greate/ pa9t] ( 8 native t[n1 & "o ^: playful disposition & agreeable qualities we may ga!r f ev5 ! %ort notices we c at ?is di/ance ( "t collect#ed4 ,su* 7 a few ( ! _m pictures1 ! prizes ( w>1 :i* 7 br\ght to adorn ! temples1 palaces1 & public places ( ,rome2 n to speak ( ^? ) :i* ta/e or fa%ion decorat$ private h\ses#ee4 ,x is n to be d\bt$ t su* an influx ( excell5t /atues & pictures caus$ a revival ( ! ta/e = ! arts4 ,& accord+ly !re grew up new s*ools ( pa9t+ 9 ,italy z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,b no "n ( note has be5 pres]v$4 ,pl9y1 to be sure1 tells u ( "o ,ludius1 9 ! "t ( ,augu/us1 :o fir/ devis$ ! decoration ( ! walls ( h\ses ) rural sc5]y2 & ne>ly at ! same "t liv$ ,arellius1 a man ( tal5t1 b ( dissolute mann]s4 ,^! 7 foll[$ by ,aurelius1 ,cornelius ,p9us1 & ,actius ,priscus1 :o 7 employ$ by ,vespasian to decorate "s temples :i* he rebuilt2 b _! pictures are said sc>cely to h atta9$ m$iocrity1 mu* less excell5ce4 ,9 sculpture !re is pro( /ill exi/+ t great manual dext]ity _h surviv$ ! g5ius t produc$ ! ideal ,jupit] ( ,phidias1 & ! ,v5us ( ,praxiteles4 ,t dext]ity 0 happily appli$ to portraits4 ,!re is an individual expression1 not)/&+ "s h>dness1 9 ! ,roman portraits 9 m>ble d[n to a v late p]iod1 t mu/ satisfy u t !y are g5u9e lik5esses1 & t enables u to read ! *>act]s ( ! m5 z truly z if we sat 9 _! company4 ,b ! arti/s t wr\ght 9 & = ,rome 7 n[ ,greeks1 & ) ! exception ( "s ( ^? :o engrav$ gems#ef1 _! works are univ]sally ( an inf]ior "*4 ,"u ! magnific5t ,hadrian !re 0 inde$ a tempor>y revival ( art4 ,all t ! patronage ( a ,roman ,emp]or1 ambiti\s ( di/9ction z ! reviv] ( art & elegance c\ld d1 0 done4 ,! portraits ( ,ant9os1 :i* he caus$ to be execut$1 :e!r ) a fl[]y g>l&1 & beautiful z ,adonis1 or 9 ! "* ( an ,egyptian prie/1 or z a ,greek huntsman1 rival ! y\?ful gods & h]oes ( ! sculptors ( ,greece#eg4 ,b ) ,hadrian & ! ,anton9es ?is prosp]ity end$#eh4 ,! arts c\ld n fl\ri% :]e tyranny1 vice1 & civil w> alt]nately reign$4 ,!y )]$ almo/ to dea?2 & _h ,con/ant9e n pillag$ ! monum5ts ( 8 pr$ecessors 8 own w\ld h rema9$ m]e masses ( de=mity1 to m>k ! degradation ( art#ei4 ,:ile su* 0 ! fate ( sculpture1 t ( pa9t+ 0 little bett]4 ,"s ( ! ,roman conqu]ors _h introduc$1 f ! ea/]n prov9ces1 a ta/e = t gross k9d ( pa9t+1 ,mosaic4 ,"o ( ! f9e/ pieces execut$ 9 ,italy 0 ! great pavem5t 9 ! ,temple ( ,=tune1 at ,prne/i#fj1 by ,egyptian arti/s 9 ! s]vice ( ,sylla ! dictator2 &1 z a pavem5t1 ! coolness & cleanl9ess ( t k9d ( "w mu/ h _h /rong recomm5dations1 besides :atev] m]it ! designs might possess4 ,?is luxury soon became s g5]al1 t1 ev5 9 ! remote prov9ce ( ,brita91 specim5s ( mosaic pavem5ts1 ( no common beauty1 are f "t to "t discov]$ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ,roman /ations4 ,to ! work]s 9 mosaic we are probably indebt$ = "p ( :at little art outliv$ ! five dull ages prec$+ ! twelf? c5tury2 & = a l>g] "p to ! illum9ators ( books1 ^: m9iatures c]ta9ly pres]v$ mu* t 0 aft]w>ds us$ to great advantage by ! reviv]s ( pa9t+ 9 ,italy & ,g]many4 ,pl9y m5tions ,at]ius ,labeo1 a man ( prtorian rank1 :o 9 8 "t 0 v skilful 9 small works ( pa9t+1 :i* ,i conceive to h be5 m9iature4 ,he ex]cis$ 8 art 9 ,gallia ,n>boni5sis1 :]e he 0 vice-consul2 & ,i h sometimes fanci$ t 8 works might h assi/$ to =m ! e>ly illum9ators ( missals 9 ! s\!rn prov9ces1 nay1 p]haps1 ! ,monk ( ! ,gold5 ,isles himself4 ,i _c omit to m5tion "h1 t ! fir/ p]sons :o illu/rat$ books appe> to h be5 ,v>ro & ,atticus4 ,9 ! books ( _! noble libr>ies1 !y ea* ( !m ins]t$ small portraits ( ! au?ors at ! head ( _! works4 ,?is 0 )9 a c5tury ( our era2 & s dilig5t _h !y be5 9 seek+ out ! portraits ( au?ors1 t ,m4 ,v>ro publi%$ a collection ( sev5 hundr$#fa4 ,cornelius ,nepos says1 t "u ea* ( ! heads 9 8 collection1 ,atticus wrote f\r or five v]ses1 describ+ ! de$s & hon\rs ( ! orig9al4 ,_h b a few ( ^! m9iatures come d[n to our times1 h[ preci\s !y w\ld h be5 to ! arti/ & ! antiqu>y4 ,among ! la/ names ( anci5t ,italian pa9t]s giv5 u by ,pl9y1 is t ( ,turpilius1 a noble ,v5etian1 :o pa9t$ at ,v]ona 9 ! fir/ c5tury1 ) consid]able reputation2 & x is rem>kable t "s ( ! e>lie/ ( mod]n pa9t]s appe> at ,v]ona1 & t _m ( ! mo/ beautiful m9iature illum9ations extant 7 execut$ by v anci5t monks ( t city#fb4 ,x 0 9 ?is fir/ c5tury t ! great cata/rophe1 :i* buri$ sev]al anci5t cities 9 "o ( ! mo/ cultivat$ p>ts ( ,italy1 occurr$4 ,x prov$ fatal1 too1 to ! extraord9>y man to :om we owe n only ! greate/ "p ( our k ( ! pa9t]s ( antiquity1 b all t is to be dep5d$ ^u ( ! practice ( ! art4 ,pompeii ) o!r t[ns 0 cov]$ ) a%es f ,m\nt ,vesuvius2 & 9 !m su* works ( art z 7 n portable1 rema9$ fre% z at ! day ( _! disappe>ance1 to gratify our curiosity3 & x 0 9 a visit to ,pompeii to obs]ve ! ph5om5a connect$ ) ! eruption t ,pl9y lo/ 8 life4 ,e "o mu/ be /ruck ) ! great disp>ity betwe5 ! bronzes & m>bles1 & ! pictures ( ,pompeii4 ,"s ( ! bronze figures & mo/ ( ! furniture ( t metal are exquisite 9 ta/e & execution1 & _m ( ! m>bles are n f> beh9d !m4 ,b ! pictures are ( a v inf]ior "*1 g5]ally speak+4 ,s+le figures !re are inde$ ( great beauty1 & "s arabesques elegantly design$2 b ! gr\ps are = ! mo/ "p m l sculpture ?an pa9t+2 & ! few l&scapes are little bett] ?an ^? ( ! ,*9ese4 ,to acc\nt = ?is 9 "s measure1 ,i w\ld sugge/1 t ! pictures we h f\nd are m]ely ! decorations ( small private h\ses1 & t !y mu/ h be5 execut$ late 9 ! decl9e ( art1 because ! great e>?quake :i* _h de/roy$ ! temples ( ,pompeii1 b a few ye>s be=e t eruption ( ! m\nta9 :i* buri$ ! t[n1 mu/ h %ak5 ! /ucco f ! walls1 & ) x :atev] specim5s ( art ( a bett] "t might h !n exi/$#fc4 ,besides1 ! inhabitants ( ,pompeii _h mo/ ( !m "t to escape ) _! mo/ preci\s moveables4 ,n[1 if any ( ! resid5ts 9 t small prov9cial t[n1 :i* 0 to ,rome z ,folke/one may be to ,london1 possess$ any ,greek pictures1 or o!rs ( value1 !y 7 pa9t$ on light wood5 pannels 7l>* or sycamore71 & 7 easily remov$1 s t1 if n sav$1 !y mu/ h be5 consum$ 9 ! fields by ! fi]y %[]s1 t de/roy$ m p]sons )\t ! gates ( ! t[n ?an )9 !m4 ,h5ce ,i _c ?9k t ! pictures ( ,pompeii furni% a fair crit]ion by :i* to judge ( ! real nature ( antique pa9t+1 any m ?an ! arabesques t h be5 f\nd 9 ! ,roman ba?s & ! subt]ranean *amb]s ( ! palaces1 :i* we _c suppose to h be5 ! places :]e ! *oice/ works ( art 7 plac$4 ,two v beautiful pieces ( antique pa9t+1 n[ 9 ,london1 :i* 7 f\nd ne> ,rome1 seem to corroborate my op9ion t ! pictures scatt]$ ?r\gh ! ,italian prov9ces 7 g5]ally inf]ior to ^? belong+ to ,rome itself & ! imm$iate neighb\rhood4 ,"o ( ^! is ! half figure ( a boy1 ) a d\ble flute2 broad 9 col\r & effect1 & r\nd & f9e 9 =m1 rem9d+ "o ( ! ,v5etian frescoes1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( ,paul ,v]onese4 ,! o!r is a ,ganym$e1 v beautiful 9 =m1 & rem>kable = ! effect ( light & %ad[4 ,! light is pr9cipally on ! body ( ! ,ganym$e1 9 ! c5tre1 & c>ri$ into ! blue sky on ! left2 b a l[1 light /one alt> on ! "r balances x4 ,ov] ! alt>1 ! eagle1 ) out/ret*$ w+s1 is d>k2 & ! d>k is cont9u$ beh9d ! l[] "p ( ! figure ( ! boy by a purple mantle4 ,^! two pictures h none ( ! /iff1 sculpture-l look ( almo/ all ! o!r antique pictures ,i h se54 ,!y are real pictures1 9 :i* ! arti/ has att5d$ to light & %ad[1 & to g5]al effect1 z well z to col\r & =m4 ,:e!r !y 7 ! works ( ,greeks settl$ 9 ,rome1 or ( _! ,italian s*ol>s1 !y give me ! notion ( mu* m skill 9 pa9t+1 z an art q di/9ct f sculpture1 ?an any o!r antique picture ,i ev] saw#fd4 ,by ! exi/+ /atues we p]ceive t ! anci5t writ]s did n exagg]ate ! m]it ( _! sculptors2 :y !re=e %\ld we d\bt _! judgm5t z to _! pa9t]s8 ,b to :atev] p]fection ! art ( pa9t+ might h arriv$ 9 ! bright days ( ,greece1 x is c]ta9 t1 :5 ,pl9y wrote1 x _h sunk d[n to a v l[ degree 9 t c\ntry3 & !re is good reason to believe t "u ! ,empire !re 7 no great ,roman pa9t]s2 b ?is 0 n = want ( enc\ragem5t4 ,9 ! t[ns pres]v$ by ! a%es ( ,vesuvius !re is sc>cely a h\se :]e "s ap>tm5t is n pa9t$1 :]e ! preci\s r$ walls1 v>ni%$ ) wax#fe1 are n decorat$ ) danc+ figures & arabesques2 & c]ta9ly n "o :]e ! doorways or ! kit*5s are n adorn$ or disfigur$1 z x may be1 ) portraits ( all mann] ( ut5sils & articles ( food4 ,i confess ,i h be5 *>m$ to obs]ve t glass decant]s1 pretty l our own1 7 us$ = wat]1 w9e1 & %]bet1 at ! dr9k+ h\ses 9 ^? anci5t fi%+ t[ns2 t _! sirlo9s 7 cut 9 true ,engli% fa%ion1 z 9 ! picture 9 :at is call$ ! surgeon's h\se1 t dog :o is gnaw+ ! bones ( "o c\ld tell2 & t hams & legs ( mutton1 to say no?+ ( broil$ eels1 mu/ h look$ j l our own :5 br\ght to table4 ,b above all 0 my fancy div]t$1 :5 ,i p]ceiv$1 by ! sign ov] ! s*ool-ma/]'s door1 t ! same rem$ies = dulness 7 prescrib$ eighte5 c5turies ago1 z are f\nd b5eficial n[4 ,num]\s1 inde$1 mu/ ! pa9t]s ( ! fir/ c5tury h be5 to supply su* dem&s6 ,b n ev5 "o "n h !y left = po/]ity to dwell ^u4 ,!re is no "q b t portrait pa9t]s ab\nd$4 ,! num]\s portraits ( ! p]iod1 9 m>ble1 atte/ x1 if we _h no o!r pro(4 ,b ,n]o himself patronis$ t bran* ( ! art1 & ord]$ a canvas#ff1 "o hundr$ & tw5ty feet high1 to be /ra9$1 :]eon 8 colossal portrait might ov]look ! city1 f ! g>d5s ( ,m>ius4 ,b 8 design 0 fru/rat$2 ! lightn+ bla/$ ! portrait ere x 0 f9i%$1 & we h n ev5 ! "n ( ! pa9t] left1 :o 0 to h be5 immortaliz$ along ) ! emp]or6 ,"s small portraits ( ?is p]iod h be5 pres]v$ among ! catacombs1 & x w\ld be a matt] ( great int]e/ to exam9e c>efully ^? pres]v$ 9 ! cab9ets ( ,*ri/ian antiquities1 :i* fill "o long gall]y ( ! ,vatican4 ,i _h too %ort a "t :5 !re to make any obs]vations wor? sett+ d[n4 ,my fir/ visit to ^! preci\s cab9ets 0 9 company ) ,canova1 & my second1 aft] a lapse ( eight ye>s1 ) ,maia6 ,!y drew my att5tion to o!r objects2 & z ,i !n hop$ to revisit ,rome1 ,i 0 will+ to be l$ by su* guides1 tru/+ to ! future = an opportunity ( =w>d+ my own p>ticul> pursuits4 ,b "s o!r p]son mu/ n[ take my place4 ,infirmity1 n age1 b9ds me to my own fire side4 ,happy t ,i h be5 p]mitt$ to see s mu* to occupy my ?\ghts & "t ) pleasant retrospect1 "u circum/ances t )\t occupation w\ld be dre>y inde$4 ,9 ! fir/ c5tury ( our era1 we may consid] pa9t+ z a m]ely decorative art1 little bett] ?an uphol/]y1 except+ :5 appli$ to portraits1 = :i* human vanity w always create a dem&4 ,!re might also be arti/s employ$ to copy ! anci5t pictures ( ,greece2 & n[ & !n1 among t class ( pa9t]s1 "o :o w\ld1 9 "s orig9al composition1 imitate ! /yle & mann] ( ! old] ma/]s4 ,?is is s natural t x sc>cely wants ! confirmation ( au?ority to ga9 belief4 ,b ,i ?9k we h au?ority 9 ! notices scatt]$ ?r\gh ! dialogues ( ,lucian#fg1 & 9 ! descriptions ( pictures by ,philo/ratus#fh1 :o erects 8 imag9>y gall]y on ! %ores ( ! bay ( ,naples4 ,b a great *ange 0 tak+ place 9 ! _w3 ! gay & poetical1 b lic5ti\s belief ( ,greece & ,italy1 0 fad+ away4 ,! images & actions ( gods & h]oes no long] delight$ ! multitude4 ,a grav]1 pur]1 yet m impassion$ fai?1 0 gradually advanc+ ?r\gh _m imp$im5ts3 & x 0 long ere its vot>ies _h leisure to conv]t to its s]vice ! glori\s arts t _h adorn$ ! temples ( ! old religion4 ,! int]val dur+ :i* ! *ange 0 go+ on1 c\ld n be o!rwise ?an hurtful to ^? arts2 & accord+ly1 ! fir/ ef=ts ( ,*ri/ian pa9t+1 z f> z we see 9 ! few relics we possess1 7 gross & co>se4 ,yet !re is 9 !m a c]ta9 dignity ( expression1 :i* saves !m f contempt4 ,b ! revival ( art 9 ,*ri/ian times belongs r to ! ,greeks ?an ! ,italians1 z ,i %all h occasion to po9t out2 = z ! conque/ ( ,greece by ,rome br\ght art & arti/s into ,italy1 s ! removal ( ! seat ( gov]nm5t attract$ !m ea/w>d aga91 to ! new c\rt1 & !y left ! des]t$ ,capitol ( ! ,we/]n ,empire to seek ! patronage ( ! ris+ city4 ,f :at ,i h said 9 ?is ,essay1 x w be se5 t ! "t :5 ,italy c\ld boa/ ( native arti/s1 equal to ^? ( ! surr\nd+ nations1 0 be=e ,rome exi/$4 ,t aft] ! ,roman conque/s1 native arti/s gradually disappe>$1 & ! v few :o h left a "n seem only plac$ "h & !re z beacons1 to %[ ! nak$ness ( ! l&4 ,t ! =c$ luxury ( art1 fo/]$ by import$ pictures & /atues1 =eign arti/s & imp]ial patronage1 produc$ 9 ,italy no pa9t] or sculptor ( em95ce1 ev5 9 ! mo/ fl\ri%+ times ( ,roman polit5ess2 :ile ! free cities ( ,greece _h giv5 bir? to ^? m5 ( sublime g5ius1 ^: borr[$ works gave to ,rome all ! lu/re %e c\ld ev] boa/ ( 9 art#fi4 ,,footnotes3 #cc ,i am aw>e t x is unusual to place ,italy be=e ,greece 9 any anci5t hi/orical "q2 b ,i am induc$ to d ?is because ! real anci5t ,italian art1 namely t ( ! ,etruscans1 0 coeval ) ! olde/ ,greek s*ools1 if n ant]ior to !m2 & t z ! ,roman conque/s de/roy$ ! arts ( old ,italy be=e ! mo/ brilliant p]iods ( ,greek pa9t+1 ,i may well look ^u ,italian or ,etruscan pa9t+ z hav+ an e>li] life & dea? ?an t ( ,greece4 #cd ,micali1 ,vol4 ,,ii41 p4 #gc4 #ce ,micali1 ,vol4 ,i41 p4 #cb1 m5tions c]ta9 books ( ! anci5t ,italians1 pres]v$ at ,anagni1 s late z ! "t ( ,fronto4 #cf ,= :atev] notices ( anci5t or mod]n au?ors1 be=e 8 own "t1 t c ?r[ lu/re on ,etruscan art1 ,i mu/ ref] to ,tirabos*i1 ,/oria delle ,lett]e ,italiane1 ,p>te ,prima1 x4 to xviii41 & to ,micali's "w g5]ally4 #cg ,x is a pity t ! want ( e>ly ,italian writ]s deprives u ( ! means ( judg+ ( ! tru? ( "s ( ! m>vell\s traditional acc\nts ( ,etruscan monum5ts4 ,! cav]n sepul*res ( ,clusium may possibly h be5 connect$ ) ! labyr9? :i* ,pl9y1 ,b4 xxxvi41 c4 #ac1 on ! au?ority ( ,v>ro1 says1 0 "u t incompreh5sible tomb ( ,pors5na1 ! acc\nt ( :i* reads l a fairy tale2 & has uselessly employ$ "s mod]n dream]s 9 impossible re/orations4 ,! squ>e body ( ! build+1 ! f\r pyramids at ! corn]s1 & t 9 ! c5tre1 w rem9d ! travell] ( ! mode/ monum5t1 miscall$ t ( ! ,horatii & ,curiatii1 on ! road betwe5 ,l>icia & ,rome4 ,to me x seems to h "s resemblance ) t rais$ by ,simon ,maccabeus to 8 family1 ab\t ?ree c5turies aft] ,pors5na's "t1 #a ,macc4 xiii41 v4 #bg1 #bh1 #bi1 #cj4 #ch ,see ! #bbnd *apt] ( ,micali = :at c be kn[n ( ! religion ( anci5t ,italy1 its gradual alt]ation1 & ! introduction ( ,egyptian1 ,ori5tal1 & ,greek my/]ies by ! ,cabiri1 :o1 9 _! mix$ "* ( prie/ & m]*ant1 appe> to h influ5c$ ! :ole sy/em ( wor%ip4 #ci ,i say ! re-op5+1 because x appe>s t at "s =m] "t or times1 n[ =gott51 ! sepul*res h be5 se>*$ = ! preci\s metals :i*1 9 ! =m ( ornam5ts ( v>i\s k9ds1 7 buri$ ) _! own]s4 ,"s ( ! tombs rema9+ op5 s]v$ z refuge = robb]s1 = %eep-p5s1 c4 ,see ,tirabos*i z above1 also ,micali4 #dj ,?is demon1 ) 8 huge tusks & 8 l>ge tongue1 might be tak5 = ! ,h9doo demon t is to de/roy all mank9d at ! end ( ! _w1 accord+ to "s4 ,sev]al plates ( ?is de/roy]1 :o is sometimes to be id5tifi$ ) ,siva1 sometimes ) ,kali1 are to be se5 9 ,moore's ,h9doo ,pan!on4 ,! resemblance betwe5 ! two mon/]s is v rem>kable4 #da ,f ?is x appe>s t ! :ole e> ( corn 0 /or$ 9 ^! nets1 z 0 ! cu/om 9 ,egypt4 #db ,book xxxv41 *4 #c4 #dc ,cleophantus is said to h us$ no o!r col\r ?an p\nd$ brick4 ,dem>atus1 ! fa!r ( ,t>qu9ius1 _h be5 a fugitive1 & settl$ z a pott] at ,t>qu9ii4 #dd ,i quote ! pleasant old translation by ,philemon ,holl&4 ,! #a/ ,book ( ,tirabos*i1 to :i* ,i h already ref]r$1 may be consult$ if any d\bts conc]n+ ,pl9y's acc\nt %\ld arise4 #de ,pl9y m5tions t1 9 8 "t1 ,pontius1 a lieut5ant ( ,caligula1 wi%$ to h remov$ ! pictures f ,ardea1 b f\nd t ! pla/] or /ucco ^u :i* !y 7 pa9t$ w\ld n be> removal4 ,^! pictures c\ld n h be5 pa9t$ m]ely 9 wat] col\rs1 = !y 7 n injur$ by exposure to ! wea!r4 ,c\ld !y h be5 pa9t$ ) ! size ( oil1 m5tion$ 9 book xxxvi41 *ap4 #bd8 or 7 !y n r true frescoes8 #df ,book xxxiv41 *4 #d4 #dg ,be=e ,*ri/1 #dhe4 #dh ,book xxxiv1 *4 #g4 #di 8,c4 ,fabius1 a mo/ noble ,roman1 :o1 :5 he _h pa9t$ ! walls ( ! ,temple ( ,salus1 be=e d$icat$ by ,julius ,bubulcus1 he set 8 own "n to x3 z if a consul>1 sac]dotal1 & triumphal family /ood yet 9 want ( ?is ornam5t40 ,val4 ,max4 book viii41 quot$ by ,junius4 #ej ,mod]n ,mess9a4 #ea ,by ,timoma*us1 a ,byzant9e contempor>y ) ,cs>1 :o 0 8 patron accord+ to "o passage 9 ,pl9y's ?irty-fif? book2 b o!r passages1 )1 z ,i ?9k1 m likelihood1 make him old] ?an ,apelles4 ,on c>efully comp>+ su* au?orities z we h on ! subject1 ,i _c help ?9k+ t !re 7 two1 if n ?ree1 pa9t]s ( ! "n4 ,two seem to h be5 ,?racians4 #eb ,mo/ probably f ! ,pcile1 :]e ! pictures 7 n pa9t$ 9 fresco1 b on pannel4 ,! portico ( ,octavia1 ) its libr>y & pictures1 0 burnt 9 ! "t ( ,titus4 #ec ,! fa%ion ( ! f9e wr\ght cups ( *alc$ony is said by ,pl9y to h be5 introduc$ into ,rome by ,pompey4 ,b4 xxxvii41 c4 #aa4 #ed ,= 8 o!r v>i\s m]its1 see ,fuseli's fir/ lecture4 #ee ,among ! pictures tak5 f ,greece1 ,tirabos*i names1 on ! au?ority ( ,vitruvius1 b4 ii4 c4 #h1 "s frescoes f ,sp>ta2 :i*1 by ord]s ( ! ,ediles ,mur5a & ,v>ro1 7 sawn f ! walls !y adorn$1 &1 be+ tightly w$g$ 9 wood5 cases1 7 transport$ to ,rome4 #ef ,dioscorides1 ^: works came next 9 beauty to ^? ( ,pyrgoteles1 ,acmon1 ,aulus1 & "s o!rs 9 ! "t ( ,augu/us2 ,alpheus & ,an?on 9 t ( ,caligula2 ,evodus & ,nec&] "u ,titus2 norus 9 ! reign ( ,m>cus ,aurelius1 c4 #eg ,see ! basso-relievo1 ( ! size ( life1 9 ! ,villa ,albani1 & ! /atues 9 ! ,museum ( ! ,capitol & ! ,gall]ies ( ! ,vatican4 #eh ,m>cus ,aurelius 0 himself a pa9t]3 8 ma/] 01 accord+ to ,julian1 ,diognetes2 :e!r ! same ,diognetes1 :o 0 8 ma/] 9 moral philosophy1 does n appe>4 #ei ,! ar* ( ,con/ant9e 9 ,rome furni%es a p]fect example3 su* p>ts z he /ole f ! =um ( ,trajan are ( great m]it1 & d cr$it to ! arti/s ( ! la/ good s*ool ( antique sculpture4 ,^? portions ( ! decorative bas-reliefs1 execut$ by ,con/ant9e's workm51 are mean & de=m$--totally wor?less 9 design & contemptible z sculpture4 #fj ,n[ ,pale/r9a4 ,see ,cecconi1 ,hi/oria di ,pale/r9a4 #fa ,all ,roman families ( rank pres]v$ ! effigies ( _! =efa!rs1 "s 9 wax1 o!rs 9 clay1 wood1 m>ble1 or bronze4 ,^! 7 c>ri$ 9 procession at fun]als4 ,! images ( ,brutus & ,cassius 7 n p]mitt$ to appe> among ^? ( sev5ty ( ! pr9cipal h\ses ( ,rome1 at ! fun]al ( ,junia ! wid[ ( ,cassius2 b ,tacitus says1 t 8be=e all ! re/ ,,!y fla%$ ^u m5's ?\ghts1 ! m = n be+ !re40--,annals1 ,book iii4 ,! ,a!nians set up ! /atues ( ,brutus & ,cassius along ) ^? ( ,h>modius & ,ari/ogiton4--,dion4 ,cassius1 ,book xlvii41 c4 #bj1 quot$ by ,colonel ,leake4 #fb ,( ^!1 !re are beautiful examples 9 ! ,libr]ia at ,si5na1 & "s 9 ! collection at ,muni*4 ,! latt] _h n be5 arrang$ :5 ,i saw !m 9 #ahbg4 #fc ,9 & ab\t ! m>ket-place at ,pompeii1 !re are build+s p>tly repair$1 & also prep>ations = repair+ o!rs4 ,s t ! consequ5ces ( ! fir/ cata/rophe _h by no means be5 fully remov$ be=e ! second occurr$4 #fd ,^! pictures are n[ 9 ! possession ( ,sir ,mat!w ,:ite ,ridley4 ,!y 7 discov]$ 9 #ahbc1 9 a v9ey>d belong+ to ,signor ,santa ,am&ola1 to ! "r ( ! ,via ,appia1 ne> ,san ,seba/iano4 ,! boy ) ! flute =m$ ! c5tre ( ! vault ( a ,columb>ium1 & 0 tak5 d[n to pres]ve x4 ,!re 71 9 ! same tomb1 "s relievos1 9 /ucco1 & "s pa9t$ arabesques1 ( consid]able m]it4 ,! ,ganym$e 0 f\nd 9 ! same v9ey>d1 z 0 likewise a f9e s>cophagus1 :i* has be5 publi%$ 9 an ar*ological j\rnal4 #fe ,see ,pl9y1 ,book xxxv41 c4 #aa2 & fur!r1 see ,essay #f4 #ff ,see ,essay #e1 also see ,pl9y1 ,book xxxv4 ,x is curi\s to obs]ve h[ ,m4 ,dur& has twi/$ ?is passage to suit 8 own views4 ,x is only necess>y to comp>e ,dur&'s p>aphrase ) ! hone/ translation ( old ,philemon ,holl&1 to be conv9c$ ( ! ,fr5*man's want ( fidelity4 ,tirabos*i has1 )\t 8 usual c>e1 adopt$ ,dur&'s view ( ?is matt]4 ,i ?9k wrongly1 = my reasons see ,essay #f4 #fg ,see ,frankl9's ,lucian4 ,9 ! dialogue1 ,zeuxis1 ,lucian says1 t ! orig9al picture ( ! ,c5taurs 0 lo/ at sea2 b t he saw a copy 9 a picture deal]'s %op1 at ,a!ns4 ,x is wor? :ile to ref] to ,lucian's dream1 = an acc\nt ( ! cu/oms ( ! sculptors ( 8 day1--! pupils cry+ ca/s ab\t ! /reets1 :ile ! ma/]s 7 lab\r+ !mselves4 #fh ,see ! ,fr5* translation1 by ,blaise de ,vig5]e1 ) its s+ul> plates & notes1 t5 times m bulky ?an ! orig9al "w4 ,!re is an epigram to ea* ( ! plates by ,d',embry4 #fi ,tirabos*i has lab\r$ h>d to conv9ce himself & o!rs t ,zeuxis 0 a native ( ! ,italian ,h]aclea4 ,b ,i ?9k he fails4 ,ev5 if he succe$$ 9 e/abli%+ 8 bir?-place 9 ,italy1 8 life 0 pass$ 9 ,greece3 !re he /udi$ & !re he pa9t$4 ,8 be+ employ$ by ! ,sicilians at ,agrig5tum1 & by "s t[ns 9 ,magna ,grcia1 only prove _! ta/e = ,greek art1 n t ,zeuxis 0 an ,italian4 99 99 99 99 99 7,additional ,note to ,essay ,,ii47--,x may appe> /range t ,i h n m5tion$ ,sicily1 :i* ab\nd$ 9 works ( art1 m p>ticul>ly 9 ?is ,essay4 ,b ! tru? is1 !re 0 no native s*ool ( ei!r sculpture or pa9t+2 & :oev] w take ! tr\ble to read ,cic]o's f\r? oration aga9/ ,v]res1 w see 9 t v int]e/+ catalogue1 t ) trifl+ exceptions1 all ! /atues & pictures :i* t guilty ,prtor plund]$ ! ,sicilians (1 7 ei!r import$ f ,greece1 or ! works ( ,greek arti/s4 ,x is a pity t ,cic]o has n nam$ ! pa9t]s ( ^? pictures :i* hung 9 ! temple ( ,m9]va at ,syracuse#gj1 & :i* he praises s highly1 especially ! battle piece1 repres5t+ ,aga?ocles *>g+ at ! head ( 8 cavalry4 ,x w\ld also be int]e/+ to "k ! au?ors ( ^? tw5ty-sev5 portraits ( ! tyrants & o!r great m5 ( ,syracuse1 :i* ! orator says 7 s valuable1 n only z lik5esses ( ! p]sons1 b z works ( art4 ,cic]o1 h[ev]1 0 no connoisseur1 & :5 he wi%$ to adorn 8 libr>y1 at ,tusculum1 ) "s "w ( art fit = ! place1 he employ$ a fri5d to *oose x4 ,& well did t fri5d *oose1 if ! beautiful fragm5t n[ 9 ! mona/]y1 at ,grotta ,f]rata1 & :i* 0 f\nd on ! site ( ! ,tusculan ,villa1 be ! v ornam5t s5t f ,a!ns1 9 compliance ) 8 reque/4 #gj ,n[ conv]t$ into ! ca!dral *ur*4 ,x mu/ h be5 a beautiful specim5 ( ,greek ,doric1 b x is hidd5 & defac$ by ! build+ & walls necess>y = its conv]sion4 ,i saw x 9 #ahah4 ,,essay ,,iii4 ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,greece1 ,,fir/ ,,& ,,second ,,p]iods4 ,x is no small glory to be made p>tak] ( a great & wor?y matt]1 h[ev] x be b a little y d possess4 ,,columella4 ,to write ( ! beg9n+ ( pa9t+ 9 ,greece1 "o ( two !ories mu/ be repeat$4 ,ei!r t all nations1 at a c]ta9 /age ( civilisation1 h discov]$ a fondness & aptness = ! f9e arts )\t communicat+ ) o!rs2 or t pa9t+ 0 br\ght ) ! o!r arts ready =m$ f ,egypt to ,sicyon & ,cor9?4 ,= my "p ,i am apt to consid] bo? ^! views z p>tly true4 ,x is n to be suppos$ t ! civilis$ p1 :atev] 0 its orig91 :i* possess$ ,greece be=e ! "t ( ! e>lie/ ,egyptian colonies1 & :i* 9 ! massy walls & curi\s treasure-h\ses1 :i* x has left z monum5ts1 prov+ a consid]able advance 9 ! k ( me*anics1 _h made none 9 ^? f9] arts t adorn & sweet5 life4 ,nei!r are we oblig$ to believe t ! ,egyptian ,colonies1 :e!r l$ by an un=tunate pr9ce1 or compos$ ( m5 fly+ f ! tyranny ( a h>% gov]nm5t1 w\ld =get to practise ! arts :i* fl\ri%$ 9 _! native soil4 ,!y might improve ! nation on ^: %ores !y l&$1 & 9 return be improv$ by int]c\rse ) x#ga4 ,x is c]ta91 h[ev]1 t :atev] 7 ! fir/ /eps ( ! arts ( ,greece1 !y soon out-/ripp$ ^? ( e o!r nation1 mak+ _! practice ! law by :i* all o!rs 7 to be tri$ = ev]4 ,alas1 = ! pictures ( ,greece6 !y h p]i%$1 & are n[ m]e matt] ( hi/ory1 & l ! h&s t produc$ !m ,poca polv]e son1 *e nulla s5te4 ,b ! temples !y adorn$1 ! /atues t 7 coeval ) !m1 ! bassi-relievi conceiv$ 9 ! _s t inspir$ !m1 are n utt]ly gone2 & :ile we h !m be=e u1 ! hi/ory ( ! pictures ( ,greece may /ill borr[ a mom5t>y reality z we read ov] ! descriptions ( ! h]oes ( ,polygnotus1 & ! ,hel5s & ,v5uses ( ,zeuxis & ,apelles4 ,( ! pla/ic arts x is sc>cely possible to d\bt t modell+ 9 clay mu/ be ! e>lie/ t arriv$ at any degree ( p]fection4 ,! v %ap+ & m\ld+ ( vessels = dome/ic use1 mu/ h giv5 a facility ( h& to ! pott]1 highly advantage\s :5 he began to model 8 fir/ ornam5tal foliage1 & aft]w>ds 9 8 imitations ( m5 & animals4 ,x is a pity n to believe t ! fir/ portrait 9 pr(ile1 & ! fir/ bu/1 ow$ _! common orig9 to love2 & aft] all x may be true4 ,! pott]'s art may h =m$ ! clumsy lik5ess ( a human head1 & _m a rude outl9e may h be5 scrat*$ on rocks1 or cut 9 turf1 or drawn 9 ! s&s be=e4 ,b ,dibutatis t5d]ly trac+ ! %ad[ ( h] sleep+ lov]1 may /ill h =m$ ! fir/ individual lik5ess2 & h] fa!r's fill+ up ( t l9e1 ! fir/ head 9 clay t des]v$ ! "n ( model4 ,at all ev5ts1 ,i w\ld h ! poets & ! "y believe x4 ,! tale po9ts to ,cor9? z an e>ly nurs]y ( art2 & we h se5 h[ closely ! beautiful vases ( t city & ^? ( ,etruria resemble ea* o!r4 ,( late ye>s1 vessels almo/ equally beautiful1 & n dissimil> 9 =m1 h be5 f\nd del9eat$ 9 ! catacombs ( ,egypt2 b x is rem>kable1 t al?\gh !y are ornam5t$ ) _m trac+s & scrolls l ^? ( ,cor9?1 !re is no in/ance ( _! be>+ ! human =m4 ,! designs on ! ,cor9?ian & ,etruscan vases1 may be consid]$ z pictures 9 mono*rome1 accord+ to ,fuseli#gb1 ^: +5i\s b some:at fanciful acc\nt ( ! process by :i* ! mono*romes 7 execut$1 is probably ne> ! tru?4 ,! works ( ! e>lie/ ,greek pa9t]s1 !re=e1 :i* we "k 7 call$ mono*romes1 resembl$ ! ,cor9?ian & ,etruscan figur$ vases2 &1 p]haps1 x is equally cr$ible t ! two1 ?ree1 & f\r-t9t$ vases repres5t1 ) tol]able accuracy1 ! /eps t[>ds ! _m col\r$ pictures :i* excit$ ! admiration ( ! ,greeks 9 ! e>lie/ pa9t+s m5tion$ 9 au!ntic hi/ory4 ,b1 be=e we take up ! hi/ory ( pa9t+ exclusively1 x w n be un9t]e/+ to "n a few ( ^? e>ly productions ( ! work]s 9 metal1 m5tion$ by ! poets or old] hi/orians1 &1 9 "s in/ances1 pres]v$ 9 ! treasures ( ! ,grecian temples1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( ,delphi1 to a late p]iod#gc4 ,we mu/ rememb] t ! ,greeks ( ,europe1 ,asia1 & ! ,isl&s1 practis$ ! arts ) equal ta/e & success2 t1 by trade or by alliance ) ! ,phnicians1 !y ma9ta9$ an int]c\rse ) ,egypt1 & also a direct comm]ce ) ! ,etruscans2 & t _! bord] nations on ! ,asiatic side 7 cultivat$ & luxuri\s1 draw+ _! orig9 ei!r f ! same anci5t civilis$ /ock ) !mselves1 or f ,egypt1 or its imm$iate neighb\rhood4 ,! %ield ( ,a*illes1 t noble piece ( *as$ & inlaid "w z describ$ by ,hom]1 ab\t n9e c5turies be=e our era1 is an example4 ,its ri* design c\ld n h be5 imag9$1 unless ! arts necess>y to produce x _h arriv$ at a high degree ( p]fection 9 8 c\ntry at ! "t he wrote#gd1 ?\gh we may d\bt if1 at ! p]iod ( ! w> ( ,troy1 ?ree hundr$ ye>s be=e ,hom]1 !re exi/$ artific]s capable ( execut+ x4 ,)9 a c5tury aft] ! tak+ ( ,troy1 !re 0 a great movem5t among ! ,greek tribes2 _m new colonies settl$ 9 ,asia ,m9or1 & ! ,h]aclid f9ally rega9$ _! anci5t seats 9 ,peloponnesus4 ,x is wor?y ( rem>k1 t at t p]iod ,j]usalem 0 adorn$ ) h] fir/ magnific5t temple by ,solomon1 & t ,david built 8 h\se ( c$>4 ,! *ief workman s5t by ,hiram ! k+ ( ,tyre1 to assi/ ,solomon 9 ! build+ ( ! ,temple1 b m especially to sup]9t5d ! execution ( ! ornam5ts1 0 ! son ( a ,tyrian arti/ by a ,jewess ( ! tribe ( ,naph?ali4 ,accord+ to "o passage ( scripture he 0 l 8 ma/] call$ ,hiram#ge4 ,a little be=e ! build+ ( ! temple we mu/ place ! con/ruction ( ! tomb ( ,absalom1 "p hewn 9 ! rock1 & "p built2 :i* resembles 9 ^? p>ticul>s1 &1 9 my m9d1 surpasses 9 ta/e1 _m ( ^? describ$ & figur$ by late travell]s 9 ,asia m9or2 :ile ,i %\ld say1 ! cav]n tombs ( ! k+s ( ,judah h a resemblance to ^? ( ,egypt1 or r1 p]haps1 to ! curi\s excavations discov]$ by late travell]s1 at ,petra 9 ,edom#gf4 ,^! are surely pro(s t ! arts 7 fl\ri%+ z freely 9 ,syria1 z 9 ,asia ,m9or at t "t4 ,b1 to return to ,greece4 ,ab\t sev5 c5turies be=e ! ,*ri/ian era1 ! temple ( ,delphi 0 enri*$ by a numb] ( mo/ preci\s gifts by "s ( ! k+s ( ,asia4 ,gyges1 ^: /ory has s]v$ = ! f\ndation ( s _m *>m+ tales ( en*antm5t & fairyism1 s5t to ! god at ,delphi ! fir/ =eign (f]+1 or1 z ! ,greeks t]m x1 ! fir/ gift f a b>b>ian#gg4 ,x consi/$ ( vessels ( gold1 silv]1 & brass2 among :i*1 six gold5 goblets1 p>ticul>ly valu$1 7 aft]w>ds plac$1 9 a *e/ or cupbo>d call$ ! treasury ( ,cor9?1 :i* 0 pres5t$ by ,cypselus#gh to ! %r9e1 "s ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,midas _h by a %ort "t anticipat$ ! gifts ( ,gyges1 consecrat+ to ! ,delphian ,apollo ! ?rone :5ce he disp5s$ ju/ice1 said to be ( exquisite workman%ip#gi4 ,halyatus1 ! great-gr&son ( ,gyges1 s5t a vase to ,delphi1 preci\s = its mat]ial1 b /ill m preci\s on acc\nt ( ! workman%ip ( ! "u cup :i* support$ x4 ,! vase 0 ( *as$ silv]1 ! "u cup ( iron curi\sly inlaid ) silv]1 ! "w ( ,glaucus ( ,phocis1 said to be ! inv5tor ( t k9d ( "w 9 metal4 ,?is 0 ! only "o ( ! gifts ( ! ,lydian k+s t rema9$ :5 ,pausanias visit$ ! temple4 ,inde$1 ! magnific5t pres5ts s5t by ,crsus1 ! son ( ,halyatus1 w\ld h be5 suffici5t to tempt ! cupidity ( a conqu]or1 & p]haps to ov]come ! hone/y ( ! prie/s ( ,delphi !mselves4 ,( pure gold !re 7 a hundr$ & sev5te5 bricks or tiles1 =m+ ! floor = a lion ( great size1 ( ! same metal1 & ! /atue ( a woman said to h bak$ ! bread = ! k+'s h\sehold4 ,^! 7 tak5 by ! ,phocians to defray ! exp5ses ( ! sacr$ w>4 ,!re 7 also _m beautiful *isell$ vases ( gold & silv]1 bas9s1 ew]s1 f\nta9s1 & ci/]ns4 ,"o goblet ( silv] 0 p>ticul>ly preci\s2 x 0 said to be ! "w ( ,!odorus ( ,samos#hj1 "o ( ! e>lie/ f\nd]s 9 bronze4 ,crsus also enri*$ o!r temples ) preci\s gifts4 ,! great temple at ,ephesus possess$ ?ree gold5 heif]s & "s f9e columns giv5 by him4 ,! %r9es ( ,!bes 9 ,botia1 7 enri*$ by him2 & to ! temples 9 ,miletus1 he _h s5t gifts ( equal value ) ^? he consecrat$ at ,delphi4 ,9 return = a quantity ( gold giv5 by ,crsus to ! ,lac$emonians1 !y s5t him a l>ge vessel ( bronze1 r\nd ! m\? ( :i* ! figures ( all sorts ( animals 7 *as$ or engrav$4 ,! vase1 inde$1 nev] rea*$ ,crsus1 :o 0 de?ron$ by ,cyrus :ile x 0 on its way1 & x fell into ! h&s ( "s m]*ants :o sold x = a l>ge price4 ,cyrus _h ! =tune n only to obta9 ! treasure 9 ! preci\s metals & 9 ! workman%ip1 ( ! gorge\s possessions ( ,crsus1 m preci\s ?an ^? metals !mselves1 b also to re/ore to ,j]usalem ! spl5did ornam5ts & ri* vessels1 ! "w ( ! ,tyrian arti/s1 :i* belong$ to ! temple1 & :i* 7 no d\bt sav$1 by hav+ be5 consecrat$ 9#ha ! temple ( ,belus1 dur+ ! tak+ ( ,babylon4 ,x w p]haps nev] be kn[n 9 :at degree ! tak+ ( ! ,capital ( ! ,*aldeans by ,cyrus1 alt]$ ! /ate ( lit]ature & art 9 anci5t ,p]sia4 ,i h already ref]r$ to ! passage 9 ! prophet ,ezekiel1 :i* m5tions ! portray+ ! figures ( m5 ) v]milion1 accord+ to ! use ( ! ,*aldeans ( ,babylon2 &1 x %\ld be obs]v$1 t _! _m-col\r$ head-dresses are also m5tion$2 s t ! ,babylonian pictures1 su* z !y 71 7 n mono*romes4 ,b ?is belongs to ano!r place#hb4 ,! ,greeks _h e>ly adopt$ or borr[$ deities f e nation4 ,! ,syrian ,a/>o? or ,a/>te1 & ,?ammuz or ,adonis1 7 n neglect$1 b 7 receiv$ z k9dly 9 ! temples1 z ! ,tyrian purple & ! f9e l95 ( ,egypt1 9 ! ports ( ,greece2 & !y 7 too intellig5t & ta/eful1 n to adopt :atev] ( beautiful or elegant might be f\nd among ! artific]s & arti/s ( ! nations ) :i* !y trad$4 ,p]haps ! ,greeks 7 less inv5tors1 ?an quick & happy disc]n]s1 ( :at 0 beautiful4 ,!y seem to h wr\ght ! r\gh mat]ials ( _m o!r nations into ! happie/ =ms2 &1 if !y borr[$ l>gely f o!rs1 !y amply repaid !m by ! beauty ( ! works !y produc$1 & ! excell5t arti/s !y =m$1 & ^!1 by seek+ employm5t 9 =eign c\ntries1 ref9$ no d\bt ! ta/e ( ! great b>b>ic c\rts4 ,! art ( inlay+ & col\r+ metals is /ill possess$ 9 p]fection by _m ( ! desc5dants ( ! nations ( ,asia ,m9or & ,syria4 ,! ,circassians especially pride !mselves on col\r+ silv]1 an art 9 :i* 9 anci5t times ! ,egyptians excell$1 ?\gh x 0 practis$ by ! arti/s ( ,tyre & ,sidon#hc4 ,figures & sometimes portraits 7 introduc$ 9 ! patt]ns ( ! /a9$ metals2 & ?\gh ! damask+ or col\r+ /eel#hd is n[ conf9$ to swords & fire-arms1 ! example ( ! curi\s "u-cup1 se5 by ,pausanias at ,delphi1 %[s t x 0 appli$ to diff]5t purposes by ! inv5tors4 ,i h dwelt m ^u ! ornam5tal & religi\s vases1 :e!r 9 clay or wr\ght 9 metal1 ?an ^u /atues 9 bronze or m>ble1 because _! subjects1 ! mann] ( treat+ !m1 & ! tools employ$ 9 execut+ !m1 seem prop]ly to belong to pa9t+4 ,on ! fictile vases1 ! subjects be+ *iefly applicable to fun]eal rites1 repres5t ! my/]ies ( ,c]es1 ,bac*us1 & ,h]cules4 ,any "p ( ! fables conc]n+ ^? div9ities suffic$ to indicate ! my/]y4 ,i h se5 a beautiful design ( ,triptolemus ) a w+$ c>1 a type surely ( ! burial ( ! body 9 e>?1 :ile ! liv+ _s %all revive1 ev5 z ! corn s[n 9 ! field spr+e? up to beauty & use :5 ! w9t] is gone4 ,! /ruggles ( ,bac*us & ,h]cules1 ! dea? ( ,l9us1 ! desc5t ( ,h]cules to ,hades1 all ^! are compositions belong+ /rictly to picture1 & =m ! fir/ /eps t[>ds x2 dep>t+ m f ! nature ( designs = sculptur$ friezes or tablets 9 bas-relief1 ?an ^? o!r ,bac*ic subjects1 :]e ! ,m5ad & _! companions dance at fix$ di/ances & indep5d5t ( ea* o!r1 or ! grav] ,pyrrhic danc]s t are suppos$ to be equally emblematical1 & are frequ5tly drawn on ! vases or on ! sides ( alt>s1 consecrat$ to ! s]vice ( ! temples4 ,"o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ works ( ! k9d1 ( :i* ! k has come d[n to u1 0 ! *e/ ( ,cypselus already m5tion$1 9 ! temple ( ,juno at ,olympia 9 ,elis#he1 x 0 ( c$>1 inlaid ) gold1 silv]1 & ivory2 x 0 cov]$ ) designs indicative ( ! my/]ies1 or repres5t+ fun]al games4 ,:atev] relates to ,c]es or ,pros]p9e1 to ,bac*us or to ,h]cules1 z connect$ ) ,dis1 is repres5t$4 ,pausanias describes _m figures1 :i* my v imp]fect k ( _! my/ic mean+ w\ld lead me to call miscellane\s2 b !y are d\btless connect$ ) ! ma9 design4 ,among ^! are "s repres5t+ ! virtues & ! arts4 ,x is cle> t ! woman call$ ,night1 ) a black *ild 9 "o arm & a :ite "o 9 ! o!r1 call$ ,dea? & ,sleep1 has a ref]5ce to ! usual my/]ies ( dea?4 ,b ! fancy ( ! artific] has br\ght toge!r1 accord+ to ! description1 all ! great] gods & old] h]oes1 )\t any v p]ceptible connexion z to _! position#hf4 ,9 ! same temple :]e t *e/ 0 plac$1 !re 7 /atues1 alt>s1 treasures1 & vases innum]able4 ,h[ev]1 !re is b "o m t ,i %all notice on acc\nt ( ! fitness ( ! figures t adorn$ x4 ,x 0 ! table ( gold & ivory ^u :i* ! cr[ns ( ! victors 9 ! ,olympic games 7 plac$1 & 0 ! "w ( ,colotes1 :o1 l 8 ma/] ,phidias1 0 a pa9t] z well z a sculptor4 ,t is1 !y bo? ( !m design$1 & sometimes c>ri$ on _! draw+s1 s f> z to make !m real mono*rome pictures#hg4 ,?is appe>s to h be5 sometimes done z a prep>ation = work+ 9 relief1 z on ! fam\s %ield ( ,m9]va1 design$ by ,pantnus ! bro!r ( ,phidias4 ,on ! front ( ! table or alt> 7 ! six great] gods m p>ticul>ly patrons ( ! games2 namely1 ,cybele1 ,juno1 ,jupit]1 ,m]cury1 ,apollo1 & ,diana4 ,on ! back ! ,olympic games 7 c>v$ or inlaid--x is n v cle> :i*1 z ! ^w us$ is only repres5tation--& we "k !re 7 bo? c>v+ & inlay+ 9 ! *e/4 ,"o side conta9$ a battle "u ! direction ( ,m>s2 & close by1 7 ,esculapius & ,hygeia2 ! o!r side 0 fill$ by ,pluto1 ,pros]p9e1 ,bac*us & two nymphs1 "o ( :om held a globe1 ! o!r a key3 bo? symbolical ( ! ma/]y ( ,pluto or dea? ov] ! _w4 ,! e>lie/ names ( ,greek pa9t]s1 discov]$ by ! indefatigable ,pl9y1 are ^? ( ,dynas1 ,hyginon1 & ,*>mas4 ,:at _! works might be we c sc>cely conjecture2 = x is acc\nt$ a great improvem5t t aft] !m ,eumanus ! ,a!nian di/+ui%$ man f woman 9 8 figures#hh1 & und]took to draw any object he c\ld see2 & ,cimon ! ,cleonian proce$$ s f> z to place 8 figures 9 diff]5t positions1 & to give ! prop] direction to ! eyes4 ,^! all prec$$ ,bul>*us1 ^: picture ( ! battle ( ! ,magnetes mu/ h v f> surpass$ ! works ( ^? arti/s4 ,x 0 e/eem$ s highly1 t ,c&aules1 ! la/ ,k+ ( ,lydia1 ( ! race ( ! ,h]aclid1 b\ght x at a v high price--x is report$1 at its weight 9 gold--& reg>d$ x z a treasure4 ,?is 0 ab\t ! eighte5? ,olympiad1 or ne>ly #gcj ye>s be=e our era4 ,if ! description giv5 by ,lucian ( ! picture 9 ! temple ( ,diana 9 ,taurica1 & :i* he ascribes to "s v anci5t unkn[n pa9t]1 be any?+ b imag9>y1 x mu/ h be5 pa9t$ ab\t ?is "t#hi4 ,9 ! half c5tury aft] ,bul>*us1 ! arts ( design1 & especially pa9t+1 _h made l>ge & rapid progress4 ,some:]e ab\t ! eightie? ,olympiad1 or betwe5 f\r & five hundr$ ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 prizes = pa9t+ 7 in/itut$ at ,delphi & at ,cor9?2 & we f9d ,pantnus1 ! bro!r ( ,phidias1 cont5d+ at ,delphi ) ,timagros1 among ! fir/ ( ! exhibitors = ! prize4 ,besides ! draw+s or pictures1 :i* ,pantnus _h made 9 conjunction ) ,phidias#ij1 he _h already pa9t$ at ,a!ns ! battle ( ,m>a?on1 9 :i* ! portraits ( ! lead]s ( bo? armies 7 conspicu\s4 ,! two ,mycons1 & ,tim>ete1 ! daught] ( ! second1 7 8 cotempor>ies2 8 eld]s1 ,aglaiophon1 ,cephysodorus1 & ,phylus1 7 /ill liv+4 ,^! all employ$ _! g5ius ^u subjects relat+ to ! religion or ! hi/ory ( _! c\ntry4 ,f devotion or patriotism !y drew _! inspiration4 ,h5ce ! gr&eur & sev]ity t1 accord+ to all au?ors1 di/+ui%$ _! works4 ,betwe5 sev5 & eight c5turies be=e ,*ri/1 ab\t ! "t :5 ! ,olympic games became fix$1 _m ( ! temples & public build+s ( ,a!ns appe> to h be5 improv$ or rebuilt4 ,at t p]iod all ! /ates1 enjoy+ any advantages ( situation z to m>itime comm]ce1 appe> to h be5 actively employ$ 9 dome/ic improvem5ts1 or 9 s5d+ out =eign colonies4 ,syracuse1 ,corcyra1 ,t>5tum1 ,rome1 & _m o!r cities 7 f\nd$4 ,byzantium1 half a c5tury lat]2 & 9 ! int]val ,ne*o's %ips _h sail$ r\nd ,africa4 ,by ! ye> #eej be=e ,*ri/1 ! ,a!nians1 "u ! gov]nm5t ( ,pisi/ratus & 8 sons1 _h n only improv$ 9 all t r5d]s civilis$ life delightful1 b _h ext5d$ _! comm]ce1 & acquir$ a degree ( weal? & spl5d\r1 t drew ^u !m1 fir/ ! admiration1 & n long aft] ! ho/ile attacks ( ! ,p]sians1 aid$1 x mu/ be confess$1 by ! rev5ge ( ! ,pisi/ratid1 :o _h be5 expell$ :5 ! popul> gov]nm5t 0 e/abli%$4 ,x 0 !n :5 ! great conte/ began betwe5 ,a!ns & ! ,mon>*s ( ! ,ea/1 :o w\ld h oppress$ all ,greece by ! conque/ ( h] fir/ free p1 t ! arts 7 call$ into exi/5ce4 ,!y l5t _! aid to deep5 religion1 to animate patriotism1 to rew>d virtue4 ,!mi/ocles rebuilt 9 pur] ta/e1 & ) great] magnific5ce1 "s ( ! temples1 & mo/ ( ! o!r public build+s injur$ by ! ,p]sians4 ,b x is said t 8 works 7 *iefly ^? necess>y1 or at lea/ mo/ useful to ! p4 ,cimon1 ! son ( t ,miltiades :o won ! battle ( ,m>a?on1 resolv$ to beautify ! city ) temples1 & /atues1 & pictures1 "p ( ! exp5se ( :i* he defray$ out ( 8 private =tune1 & "p 0 provid$ = by a portion ( ! ,p]sian spoils4 ,/ruck ) ! he$lessness ( ! ,a!nians1 :o1 among _! _m %r9es1 _h nev] erect$ "o 9 hon\r ( ,!seus1 _! greate/ b5efactor1 he plann$ & accompli%$ ! ,temple ( ,!seus#ia1 ab\t ?irty ye>s be=e ,p]icles' m magnific5t /ructure1 ! ,p>!non1 rose to fix = ev] a canon = p]fection 9 ar*itecture & sculpture#ib4 ,! exp$ition ( ,cimon to ! ,isle ( ,scyros1 to recov] ! bones ( ,!seus1 & to puni% ! isl&]s = ! dea? ( t h]o1 0 imm$iately foll[$ by ! erection ( ! v5]able temple1 /ill /&+ 9 hon\r ( 8 rema9s4 ,its decorations 7 m beautiful ?an any t _h hi!rto be5 se54 ,mycon1 :o 0 bo? a sculptor & a pa9t]1 _h ! direction ( ! /ructure4 ,! sculptur$ metopes are said to be ev5 f9] ?an ^? ( ! ,p>!non#ic 9 execution1 ?\gh inf]ior 9 ta/e2 & ! same is said ( ! two friezes t adorn ! front & back ve/ibules ( ! temple4 ,z ^! pieces ( sculpture be> m>ks ev5 n[ ( hav+ be5 col\r$1 ,i mu/ consid] !m z works fitt$1 9 ! op9ion ( "o ( ! greate/ pa9t]s ( t age1 to be consid]$ z pictures4 ,! fri5d%ip t subsi/$ betwe5 ,!seus & 8 c\s9 ,h]cules1 & ! gratitude s /rongly express$ by ,!seus = ! s]vices & fav\rs ( 8 fri5d1 r5d]$ x natural t a temple to "o ( ^! h]oes %\ld be decorat$ ) ! acts ( bo?2 & z 9 life ,!seus _h always g5]\sly giv5 ! fir/ place to ,h]cules1 s 9 8 monum5t ! ,a!nians plac$ ! pictures ( 8 actions 9 ! front ( ! temple1 :ile ^? ( ,!seus occupi$ ! back & sides4 ,! flat pictures 7 :at we %\ld call frescoes2 !y 7 all pa9t$ ^u ! int]ior walls ( ! ,!seum1 & relat$ solely to ! actions ( ,!seus4 ,x is impossible n[ to "k h[ f> ,mycon _h dep>t$ f ! ,egyptian /yle ( pa9t+ :i* _h prevail$ 9 ,a!ns & else:]e be=e ?is p]iod4 ,:]e pa9t+s ( my?ological1 or ev5 hi/orical subjects 7 requir$ 9 public places1 pla9 unbrok5 col\rs1 )\t mu* reg>d to nature1 7 appli$1 s z to produce a dazzl+ effect at a di/ance1 mu* l t ( an ,ea/]n baza>1 :]e sep>ate pieces ( v>i\s col\r$ brocades produce a gorge\s b n unpleasant %[4 ,by ! age ( ,mycon "s discrim9ation 0 us$ 9 ! application ( col\r4 ,! col\r$ foliage & me&]s :i* decorat$ ! ,!seum1 ! ,p>!non1 & ! ,panhell5ic ,temple ( ,eg9a#id1 7 only int]nal decorations2 & ,i ?9k ! descriptions left ( ! pictures contempor>y ) ^? ( ,mycon1 ju/ify u 9 conclud+ t ! ,egyptian practice 0 already fall+ into disuse4 ,! subjects *os5 to d hon\r to ,h]cules 71 ( c\rse1 8 own actions1 n exactly ^? call$ ! twelve lab\rs ( ,h]cules2 ?\gh "s ( !m are mix$ ) o!r ev5ts 9 ! h]o's life4 ,! subject ( ! frieze1 ov] ! front entrance1 is ! w> ) ! giants1 9 :i* ! sup]ior gods are only spectators1 :ile ,h]cules1 ,m>s1 ,bac*us1 ,apollo1 & ,m]cury1 are actively engag$ 9 combat ) ! giants4 ,! subjects on ! metopes1 relat+ to ,h]cules1 are "s ( !m too mu* injur$ to be recognis$ ) c]ta9ty2 b o!rs are f 8 common adv5tures1 su* z ! ,nemean ,lion1 ! ,hydra1 & s on4 ,! frieze1 9 hon\r ( ,!seus1 repres5ts ! battle ( ! ,c5taurs & ,lapi?4 ,among ! gr\ps !re are "s ( great beauty2 b ,i _c help ?9k+ t1 l ^? ( ! battle ( ! giants1 !re is an affectation ( a display ( /r5g?4 ,!re are too _m figures ) legs out/ret*$ & /ra9$1 & arms employ$ )\t a visible necessity2 v unlike ! "w ( ,phidias1 :]e ! action ( e figure is direct$ to its prop] purpose4 ,b x is n z sculpture ,i speak ( !m2 all ^! figures 7 pa9t$ by ,mycon & 8 daught] ,tim>ete1 report$ by ,pl9y to h be5 a pa9tress ( great reputation4 ,ev5 yet1 ,colonel ,leake#ie says1 !re are traces ( bronze or gold col\r$ arm\r1 g>m5ts ( v>i\s hues1 azure skies1 & gold5 />s4 ,if ^! arti/s gave natural col\rs to ! objects !y treat$1 x 0 already a great improvem5t on ! ,egyptian notion ( pictures2 b yet _! works mu/ h resembl$ ^? anci5t alt>-pieces1 "s by ! h& ( ,alb]t ,dur] himself1 :i* we /ill meet ) occasionally 9 ! ,g]man *ur*es#if4 ,! description (1 & apology =1 col\r$ sculpture 9 ,flaxman's sev5? lecture1 leaves no?+ to be said on t side ( ! "q4 ,on ! o!r ,i believe !re is an univ]sal feel+ ( di/a/e to any?+ s l waxwork4 ,! pictures on ! inn] walls ( ! ,!seum 7 pa9t$ on /ucco1 :i* "h & !re /ill reta9s ve/iges ( col\r4 ,! subjects 7 mo/ probably effac$ :5 ! temple 0 conv]t$ into a ,*ri/ian *ur*4 ,!y 7 ! battle ( ! ,amazons1 t ( ! ,c5taurs & ,lapi?1 & "o ( an action p]=m$ by ,!seus1 9 ,crete1 to conv9ce ,m9os t he 0 inde$ ! son ( ,neptune4 ,x appe>s t ! k+1 (f5d$ ) ,!seus1 _h taunt$ him ) pret5d+ falsely to a div9e orig91 & ?rew a r+ into ! sea1 desir+ him1 if he really _h ! influ5ce ( a son ) ,neptune1 to re/ore x4 ,!seus imm$iately div$ to ! bottom1 & soon em]g+ f ! tide he pres5t$ ! k+ ) 8 signet1 & display$ ! gold5 cr[n ) :i* ,amphitrite _h hon\r$ him :ile bel[ ! waves4 ,! be/ "w ( ,mycon1 h[ev]1 accord+ to ,pausanias1 0 ,aca/us & 8 horses1 :i* he pa9t$ 9 ! temple ( ! ,dioscuri4 ,8 0 also ! picture ( ! ,argonauts1 9 ! same temple1 :]e ,polygnotus also pa9t$ "s excell5t pictures4 ,b leav+ ^! ?+s1 ,i mu/ ha/5 on to a "w ( /ill great] importance 9 ! hi/ory ( pa9t+1 & :i* ! ,a!nians likewise ow$ to ,cimon4 ,i mean ! ,/oa or ,portico1 call$ ,pcile1 on acc\nt ( its _m col\rs#ig4 ,! pa9t]s :o adorn$ x 7 ,polygnotus1 ,mycon1 & ,pantnus4 ,"h1 bo? ! patriotism & filial piety ( ,cimon 7 gratifi$4 ,! memorable acts ( ! ,a!nians1 f ! "t ( ,!seus1 ! w> ( ,troy1 & o!r hi/oric subjects 7 repres5t$ 9 ! ,/oa2 b ! picture t 0 ( mo/ importance1 nay1 t almo/ =c$ ! spectators to =get all ! o!rs1 0 ! battle ( ,m>a?on1 by ,polygnotus4 ,i mu/ ref] to ,fuseli = a mo/ beautiful & spirit$ sket* ( ! "* ( ! works ( ,polygnotus1 & conf9e myself to relate ! little t hi/ory tells ( !m4 ,alas6 = ! anci5t pa9t]s t no ,vas>i among !m condesc5d$ to collect gossipp+ anecdotes1 & tell u ab\t _! h\ses1 _! dress1 _! lab\rs1 & _! amusem5ts4 ,we might1 inde$1 h be5 induc$ to believe a few pleas+ fables1 b :o w\ld n delight 9 be+ br\ght a little ne>] to ^? ma/] m9ds1 :i* gave a "* to _! age1 & to gr[ into acqua9tance ) !m at ! exp5se ( a little incorrectness4 ,b ,i am oblig$ to take leave ( ,mycon1 well paid z we are told1 = 8 works1 & ( 8 daught]1 )\t kn[+ m ( _! lives or dea?s2 & 9 turn+ to ,polygnotus1 :at c ,i tell (1 be=e he pa9t$ 9 ! ,/oa1 b t he 0 ! son & pupil ( ,aglaiophon1 & 0 born at ,?asos8 ,aft] he _h f9i%$ 8 great pictures 9 ! ,/oa1 & ! votive pictures ( ! ,gnidians at ,delphi1 ,i c inde$ %[ t 8 patriotism induc$ him to refuse all paym5t = ! public works execut$ 9 hon\r ( 8 c\ntry4 ,& t ! ,greeks1 9 return1 7 s alive to 8 wor?1 t ! ,amphictyonic c\ncil decre$1 t :]ev] he might travel 9 ,greece he %\ld be receiv$ ) public hon\rs & provid$ = at ! public exp5se6 ,not)/&+ ! coldness ( ,pausanias' description1 we _c b p]ceive t a true poetical feel+ gov]n$ ! composition ( ! battle ( ,m>a?on4 ,presid+ ov] ! :ole1 ! h]o ,m>a?on1 aft] :om ! pla9 0 nam$1 receiv$ ,m9]va1 ! patroness ( ,a!ns1 accompani$ by ,h]cules1 & soon to be jo9$ by ,!seus1 ^: %ade1 aris+ out ( ! e>?1 ?us claim$ ,attica z 8 native soil4 ,! armies are engag$ 9 combat3 "s ( ! ,p]sian *iefs are di/+ui%$1 p>ticul>ly ,m>donius1 ! ins]tion ( ^: portrait sc>cely gratifi$ ! ,a!nians less ?an t ( _! own comm&]1 ,miltiades1 along ) :om 7 ,callima*us1 ,e*etlus1 & ! poet s*ylus1 :o 0 9 ! battle t day#ih4 ,9 ano!r "p ( ! field ! ,p]sians 7 r\t$2 & f>!r on1 "s 7 se5 hurry+ to _! %ips to escape1 & o!rs fly+ t[>ds ! m>%es1 :]e ! ,greeks foll[+ 7 slay+ !m 9 _! flight#ii4 ,i am aw>e t critics require pa9t]s to obs]ve :at !y call ! unities1 n less ?an dramatic poets2 & t to repres5t diff]5t actions ( ! same /ory1 or diff]5t p>ts ( ! same action1 on "o & ! same canvas1 is to s9 griev\sly aga9/ _! rules4 ,b ,%akspe>e glori\sly breaks ! laws ( ! drama1 & ,polygnotus _h a "r to break ^?1 if !y !n exi/$1 ( ! picture4 ,9 a future ,essay ,i hope to %[ ! great advantages t may be d]iv$ f a disreg>d ( ! unities 9 pa9t+1 & to br+ =w>d examples ( its success by m mod]n arti/s4 ,meantime1 9 "s ( ! o!r works ( ,polygnotus1 :i* ,i am ab\t to m5tion1 x w be se5 t he us$ consid]able fre$om 9 ?is respect4 ,b1 to g on ) ^? 9 ,a!ns4 ,9 ! temple ( ! ,dioscorides1 assi/$ by ,mycon1 he pa9t$ ! actions ( ^! h]oes#ajj1 & _! m>riage ) ! daught]s ( ,leucippus4 ,two o!r pictures adorn$ "o ( ! build+s ( ! ,acropolis1 ! subjects be+ ,a*illes among ! "y wom5 ( ,scyros1 & ! meet+ ( ,ulysses & ,nausicaa#aja4 ,b ! great works ( ,polygnotus 7 ! /ory ( ,troy & ! desc5t ( ,ulysses into ! inf]nal regions1 pa9t$ 9 ! ,les*e1 or public hall1 at ,delphi4 ,f ! v un>ti/like description by ,pausanias1 ,i ?9k ,i c make out1 t ! back gr\nd ( ! picture 0 fill$ by ! t[n1 ! citadel1 ! surr\nd+ c\ntry1 & ! sea4 ,! h]o ,epeus1 nak$1 0 visible de/roy+ ! walls ( ! citadel1 ov] ! top ( :i* ! head ( ! fam\s wood5 horse 0 se5#ajb4 ,scatt]$ ab\t s+ly1 or 9 gr\ps1 7 ! dead or ! dy+4 ,on ! m>g9 ( ! sea 7 ! ,greek %ips1 on bo>d ( :i* p>ties ( ! conqu]ors 7 emb>k+2 :ile _! s]vants 7 be>+ t5ts1 furniture1 & spoil1 to put on bo>d4 ,approa*+ ! =egr\nd1 & di/ribut$ 9 gr\ps1 7 ! pr9cipal captives1 & "s ( ! h]oes4 ,hel5 0 sitt+ att5d$ by h] maids1 "o ( :om 0 ty+ h] s&al1 & gaz$ ^u by ,briseis1 ,diom$1 & ,iphis4 ,ne> h]1 7 "s ( bo? ! nations ^: mis]ies %e _h caus$4 ,! *ief ( ^! 7 ! captive ,trojan pr9cesses3 ,&roma*e1 ) h] infant1 & "o ( h] si/]s1 ,priam's daught]1 ,m$iseca/a1 veil$2 b ! poor virg9 ,polyx5a 0 b>ehead$1 ) h] hair ga!r$ into a knot1 z became h] ye>s4 ,9 front ( ! city1 ! gr\ps 7 compos$ ( m wret*$ captives /ill1 9 v>i\s attitudes2 "s ?r[n ^u c\*es1 o!rs kneel+1 "s cl++ to _! native alt>s1 &1 *ief 9 mis]y1 ! sad ,cass&ra1 ) h] arms r\nd ! ,palladium1 cr\*$ ^u ! e>? z ,ajax 0 draw+ nigh ! alt>1 :]e ! ,atrid appe>$ ready to receive 8 oa?4 ,"s ( ! circles ( ! l[] t[n 7 laid op5 :]e ?is 0 tak+ place4 ,!re1 boys 7 se5 cl++ to ! alt>s1 or infants to _! mo!rs1 :ile ,neoptolemus 0 cont9u+ ! "w ( slaught]4 ,su* 7 ! gr& features ( ! picture4 ,"s t\*es ( common nature we f9d !re1 71 z if to give tru? to ! sc5e4 ,= in/ance1 ! horse roll+ on ! s&y %ore1 & s]vants load+ a bea/ ( burd5#ajc4 ,! o!r picture 0 ! ,desc5t ( ,ulysses1 describ$ by ,pausanias ) ev5 less feel+ ?an ! fir/4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 evid5t t ! re$y ,a*]on1 ) ,*>on's boat1 occupi$ ! =egr\nd2 & t "o ( ! figures 9 ! boat 0 a p]son initiat$ into ! ,eleus9ian rites1 by ! cov]$ basket %e held1 ?us signify+ ! my/]i\s passage betwe5 life & dea?4 ,beyond ! riv]1 ! demon ,eurynomus1 ( an une>?ly hue1 0 fitly plac$1 sitt+ on ! sk9 ( a vulture1 & gnaw+ ! bones ( ! dead#ajd4 ,ulysses1 p]=m+ ! incantation1 0 prop]ly conspicu\s2 & ! re/ ( ! picture 0 fill$ ) ! wom5 & h]oes :om he saw or spoke to :ile 9 ! k+dom ( ,pluto4 ,! clumsy way 9 :i* ^! pictures1 & ^? 9 ! ,temple ( ,m9]va1 9 ,botia1 are describ$ by ,pausanias1 :o saw !m six hundr$ ye>s aft] !y 7 pa9t$1 has l$ ev5 ,fuseli to fancy t all ! figures 7 ( equal size & at equal di/ance f ! spectator4 ,b ! inf]5ce is surely n j2 = an ignorant man w\ld probably 7especially if ! horizon 7 plac$ high 9 ! picture7 ?us speak ( "o gr\p z above ano!r in/ead ( beyond x4 ,any "o :o has _h ! good =tune to exam9e1 at leisure1 ,hemel9k's epic picture ( ! ?ree k+s1 =m]ly 9 ! ,bois]e collection1 & n[ at ,muni*1 w at once compreh5d ! possibility ( arrang+ ! mo/ complicat$ subject1 )\t confusion ( p>ts or division ( int]e/2 & ,i _c compreh5d :y we are to suppose ,polygnotus incapable ( su* arrangem5t#aje4 ,!re are two pictures 9 ! ,pitti palace1 by ,&rea del ,s>to1 ( ! hi/ory ( ,joseph1 arrang$ z ,i suppose ! great works ( ! ,pcile & at ,delphi to h be52 :i*1 to su* z admire only ,italian art ( ! be/ "t1 w af=d pro(1 if x 7 want+1 ( ! excell5t effect t a dep>ture f vulg> rules may sometimes produce4 ,i mu/ n omit to say t ,polygnotus1 l ! pa9t]s ( ! vases1 wrote ! names ( ! pr9cipal figures ne> !m4 ,i h n[ repeat$ ! acc\nt ,pausanius has left u ( ! pictures ( ,polygnotus4 ,x rema9s to consid] :at has be5 said1 p>ticul>ly by ,pl9y1 ( ! *ange he effect$ 9 ! art4 ,be=e 8 "t ! faces _h all "o grave set expression2 some?+1 z we may presume1 l t ( ! m>bles & bronzes ( ! ,eg9etic & ,etruscan s*ools4 ,polygnotus fir/ p>t$ ! lips1 v>i$ ! appe>ance & expression ( ! eyes1 dimpl$ ! *eeks ) smiles1 or de=m$ ! br[ & no/rils ) ! expression ( passion1 h[ev] imp]fectly r5d]$4 ,he also x 0 :o introduc$ ! use ( veils & o!r light & becom+ ornam5ts 9 8 female figures1 & adorn$ _! heads ) fillets & coronals1 ?us add+ delicacy & grace to 8 high poetical conceptions4 ,9 ! brides ( ,ca/or & ,pollux1 9 ! captive ,trojan pr9cesses1 & 9 ! %ades ( celebrat$ & unhappy wom5 9 ! desc5t ( ,ulysses1 ^! qualities 7 p>ticul>ly admir$4 ,polygnotus1 !n1 mu/ be look$ ^u z ! pa9t]1 :o1 leav+ ! practice ( mak+ m]e col\r$ bas-reliefs1 r5d]$ pa9t+ a sep>ate art1 & e/abli%$ ! diff]5ce betwe5 /atues & gr\ps 9 m>ble or bronze1 & true pictures4 ,! "n ( ,polygnotus is ! greate/ t adorns :at we may consid] z ! fir/ great epo*a ( ,greek art4 ,:51 hav+ ne>ly atta9$ p]fection1 sculpture 9 ! h&s ( ,phidias produc$ ! p]fectly sublime 9 8 ,jupit] ,olympias & 8 ,m9]va ( ! ,p>!non1 & =m$ a model :i* has nev] be5 safely dep>t$ f1 = ! composition ( basso-relievo 9 ! ,pana!naic procession4 ,b 9 pa9t+1 ,polygnotus1 ?\gh he _h atta9$ to great gr&eur & maje/y1 _h /ill left mu* to 8 successors to add 9 correctness1 9 expression1 & 9 grace4 ,contempor>y ) ,polygnotus 0 ,ev5or1 ! ma/] z well z fa!r ( ,p>rhasius#ajf4 ,b be=e ,p>rhasius began to di/+ui% himself1 ,apollodorus ( ,a!ns _h made a great & rapid /ride 9 art1 & _h pa9t$ at lea/ two pictures t = six c5turies comm&$ ! admiration ( all m5 ( ta/e & und]/&+4 ,he !re=e may be consid]$ z ! fir/ ( ! second epo*a ( ,greek pa9t+4 ,x 0 ,apollodorus :o fir/ gave ! niceties ( "* & expression to 8 figures2 /r5g? & =ce )\t exagg]ation1 & t5d]ness )\t insipidity4 ,he add$ also to ! me*anical p[]s ( ! pa9t]1 by break+ ! col\rs1 & %[+ ! value ( light & %ade1 ( h>mony & contra/4 ,pl9y says1 8,i may well & truly say1 t none be=e him br\ght ! p5cil into a glori\s "n & especial cr$it#ajg40 ,! only two pictures ( :i* we "k ! subjects1 7 pres]v$ at ,p]gamos1 at lea/ until ! end ( ! fir/ c5tury ( ! ,*ri/ian era4 ,9 "o ! *ief figure 0 a kneel+ prie/ 9 f]v5t adoration4 ,! o!r repres5t$ ,ajax ,oileus on a rock1 /rick5 by ! ?und]bolt aft] escap+ f 8 p]i%+ fleet4 ,x is evid5t t ! effects ( su* subjects mu/ h dep5d$ 9 great measure on light1 & %ad[1 & col\r4 ,accord+ly1 ! s*ool ( ,apollodorus produc$ ! pa9t] ( mo/ note among ! anci5ts = ^? qualities4 ,i mean ! ,h]acleot ,zeuxis2 b ,zeuxis _h also ! advantage ( be+ a contempor>y ( ! ,ephesian ,p>rhasius1 & 0 ?us able to avail himself ( ! improvem5ts introduc$ by t extraord9>y man4 ,p>rhasius no d\bt made use ( ! /udies ( ! ,mac$onian ,pamphilus :o pa9t$ at ,sicyon1 & greatly improv$ t fam\s s*ool1 :5ce1 half a c5tury aft] ! "t ( ,apollodorus1 proce$$ ,apelles & o!r pa9t]s ( note4 ,?is ,pamphilus taught 8 pupils ari?metic & geometry1 )\t :i* he ma9ta9$ t x 0 impossible to pa9t4 ,l9e> p]spective 0 ?us improv$1 & "s g5]al rules1 act$ ^u intuitively be=e1 7 n[ fix$2 b ! delicacy ( eye1 :i* dem&$ a f9] p]spective1 belong$ to ,p>rhasius4 ,he introduc$ ! magic ( arial p]spective2 & ! description by ,pl9y1 ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! objects 9 8 pictures seem$ to %ad[ some:at beh9d1 & yet %[$ :at !y seem$ to hide1 may lead u to imag9e t he 0 n ignorant ( ! effect ( reflect$ lights4 ,he is prais$ = ! beauty ( 8 features1 & peculi>ly ! sweetness & 8lovely grace ab\t ! m\? & lips20#ajh ! s(tness & fulness ( ! hair2 ! bl5d$ t9ts t melt$ away ! outl9e1 9 "s in/ances p]haps too mu*1 z we ga!r f ! pa9t] ,euphranor's obs]vation1 t ! ,!seus ( ,p>rhasius look$ z if he f$ on roses1 :ile 8 own _h evid5tly f$ on fle%4 ,two anci5t writ]s on pa9t+1 ,antigonus & ,x5ocrates1 n[ lo/1 prais$ ,p>rhasius especially = ! delicacy ) :i* he f9i%$ ! extremities ( 8 figures4 ,!y quot$ _m pictures on pannel1 & draw+s on p>*m5t1 :i* s]v$ z examples = o!r pa9t]s1 & z pro(s ( 8 wond]ful skill 9 ?is "p ( 8 art4 ,x is to ^! au?ors t ,pl9y ascribes ! criticism t ! int]ior draw+s 7 n q equal to ! outl9es ( 8 figures3 n t !y 7 inf]ior to ^? ( o!r m51 b only z "o "p ( ,p>rhasius' "w might be inf]ior to ano!r3 ,p>rhasius1 comp>$ ) ,p>rhasius#aji1 :o1 z ,horace says1 ---- bade ! brea?+ col\rs fl[1 ,to imitate 9 e l9e ,! =ms1 or human1 or div9e#aaj4 ,we h a pretty consid]able li/ ( ! works ( ?is great pa9t] :i* 7 9 exi/5ce :5 ,pl9y wrote2 "o ( ^! inde$1 :i* 0 at ,rhodes1 0 held 9 great rev]5ce1 because1 al?\gh ! pannel on :i* x 0 pa9t$ _h be5 ?rice /ruck ) lightn+1 yet ! pa9t+ rema9$ un9jur$2 ! subject 0 a /ory ( ,meleag]1 ,p]seus1 & ,h]cules4 ,!re is sc>cely any class ( subjects :i* ,p>rhasius does n appe> to h *os5 occasionally4 ,"o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ( 8 pictures 0 a p]sonification ( ! ,demos1 or p ( ,a!ns1 9 :i* he is said to h embodi$ ! virtues1 tal5ts1 hum\rs1 & incon/ancy ( t witty1 caprici\s democracy4 ,he is prais$ = ! maje/y ( 8 demi-gods & h]oes1 ! beauty & expression ( 8 wom5 & "y m51 & ! grace & simplicity ( 8 *ildr54 ,9 %ort1 to use ! words ( ,qu9tilian1 8,p>rhasius 0 s exact 9 e p>ticul>1 t he is look$ ^u ev5 to ?is day z ! lawgiv] ( pa9t]s2 because ! pa9t+s ( gods & h]oes1 su* z he has left beh9d him1 are held z s _m models1 :i* !y make x a rule to foll[ inv>iably#aaa40 ,( ! life ( ,p>rhasius we "k no?+1 b ( 8 mann]s we h a curi\s picture pres]v$ by ,pl9y4 ,8 vanity appe>s to h be5 almo/ insuff]able4 ,he clo!d himself 9 a purple robe1 & wore a *aplet ( gold5 fl[]s2 8 /aff 0 entw9$ ) t5drils ( gold1 & 8 s&als 7 clasp$ at ! in/ep & ankle ) gold5 lat*ets4 ,he affect$ ! "n ( ,abrodrtus1 or ! delicate#aab1 assum$ ! title ( ,pr9ce ( ,pa9t]s1 & pret5d$ to h _h ,apollo himself = 8 =efa!r4 ,!re 0 some?+ l insanity 9 ! ass]tion t ,h]cules appe>$ to him 9 ! visions ( ! night1 t he might del9eate 8 =m ) exactness#aac2 &1 p]haps1 8 insol5t demean\r to o!r pa9t]s might spr+ f an uns\nd m9d4 ,two anecdotes conc]n+ him are well kn[n4 ,8 conte/ ) ,zeuxis1 9 :i*1 ?\gh ! grapes on ! head ( ! boy ( ,zeuxis _h deceiv$ ! birds1 ! curta9 pa9t$ by ,p>rhasius deceiv$ ,zeuxis himself#aad4 ,! second /ory is1 t hav+ lo/ ! prize 9 a conte/ ) ,timan!s ( ,samos1 = a picture ( ! conte/ betwe5 ,ajax & ,ulysses = ! arm\r ( ,a*illes1 he affect$ to pity ,ajax = be+ ?us a second "t foil$ by a wor?less rival4 ,! mo/ celebrat$ ( ! contempor>ies ( ,p>rhasius 0 ,zeuxis ( ,h]aclea1 :o began to attract public notice soon aft] ,p>rhasius himself _h e/abli%$ 8 reputation4 ,he 0 ! pupil ei!r ( ,demophiles ! ,nem]ian1 or ,niceas ! ,?racian1 p]haps ( bo?4 ,qu9tilian says#aae1 t 8he pa9t$ bodies ) great] ?an real proportions1 ?9k+ su* a =m to be m augu/2 & 9 ?is x is ?\ght he foll[$ ,hom]'s mann]1 :o took pleasure 9 repres5t+ all 8 *>act]s1 ev5 8 wom51 ( l>ge & /rong size40 ,apollodorus1 ( ^: extraord9>y p[]s ,i h already spok51 paid ! same g5]\s tribute to ! ris+ m]it ( ,zeuxis1 z ,mi*ael ,angelo did to t ( ,raffaelle2 & ev5 wrote "s v]ses1 :i* h be5 lo/1 9 praise ( 8 works4 ,zeuxis' works 7 s eag]ly s\ght aft]1 t he v soon made a =tune equal to 8 wi%es1 aft] :i* he refus$ to "w = money1 b gave away 8 pictures2 = in/ance1 to ! p ( ,agrig5tum he pres5t$ 8 great picture ( ,alcm5a2 & to ,ar*elaus1 ,k+ ( ,mac$on1 a l>ge pa9t+ ( ,pan4 ,we are oblig$ to ,pl9y = pres]v+ ! subjects ( sev]al ( 8 be/ works4 ,jupit]1 surr\nd$ by ! o!r gods1 is prais$ = its maje/y2 & ! picture ( ! infant ,h]cules /rangl+ ! s]p5ts 9 8 cradle1 = ! expression ( ! by/&]s1 especially ( ,amphitryon & ,alcm5a4 ,( 8 ,p5elope x is said t he _h n only pa9t$ ! outw>d *>ms & features ( h] p]son1 b ! inw>d qualities & affections ( h] m9d4 ,( 8 fam\s ,hel51 & ( ! /ory ( 8 *oos+ h] sev]al p]fections f sev]al beautiful wom5 s5t to him by ! ,agrig5t9es = ! purpose1 :5 !y entreat$ him to pa9t _! votive picture = ! temple ( ,juno1 x is unnecess>y to rem9d ! read]1 z ! /ory1 true or false1 is 9 e collection ( anecdotes4 ,we "k n ,zeuxis' own e/imation ( t picture1 b ) ano!r ( 8 works he 0 s satisfi$1 t he is said to h writt5 "u x1 8,x w be easi] to envy ?an to imitate me40 ,! subject 0 a wre/l]4 ,"s writ]s1 h[ev]1 say t ! inscription1 :i* 0 a ,greek ,iambic v]se1 0 writt5 by ,apollodorus1 8 ma/] & fri5d4 ,& ?is is mo/ natural2 = :at man ( g5ius 0 ev] entirely satisfi$ ) 8 own "w8 ,i h already m5tion$ ! conte/ ( ,zeuxis ) ,p>rhasius1 = ! nice/ p[] ( imitation 9 pa9t+4 ,! picture ( ! ,muses1 :i* 0 c>ri$ to ,rome1 dem&$ qualities ( a diff]5t k9d2 s did ! ,m>syas1 :i* ,pl9y likewise saw 9 ,italy4 ,8 draw+s 9 a s+le col\r1 reliev$ ) :ite1 appe> to h be5 num]\s & greatly valu$#aaf4 ,l ,raffaelle1 ,zeuxis is said to h pa9t$ sometimes on e>!n w>e1 & t vases & cups adorn$ by him 7 mu* priz$4 ,possibly he only furni%$ ! designs = ^!4 ,zeuxis 0 n q free f ! same love ( %[ :i* di/+ui%$ 8 great rival1 ,p>rhasius4 ,he is report$ to h %[n himself1 magnific5tly attir$1 at ! ,olympic games1 & to h caus$ 8 "n to be embroid]$ 9 gold ^u 8 upp] g>m5ts1 ( :i* he display$ an unusual numb] ( *anges dur+ ! games4 ,ano!r ( ! great m5 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ?is second p]iod1 0 ,timan!s4 ,8 celebrat$ picture ( ,iphig5ia1 9 ,aulis1 has be5 ! subject ( mu* criticism4 ,! anci5t writ]s1 ) "o accord1 praise ! feel+ :i* l$ ! pa9t] to conceal ! fa!r's face2 & ?\gh x is probable t mo/ ( !m ei!r mi/ook1 or 7 ignorant (1 ! pr9ciple on :i* ,timan!s1 z an arti/1 proce$$1 !y 7 /ill "r z to human nature4 ,reynolds & "s o!r mod]n critics1 especially ,falconet1 h reprobat$ ! idea ( ,timan!s2 b ,fuseli has1 9 my op9ion1 set ! matt] at re/ 9 a v beautiful piece ( criticism#aag1 :i* ,i %all give bel[4 ,! picture itself 0 pa9t$ 9 competition ) ,colotes ( ,teos1 :om ,i h already m5tion$ z ! sculptor ( ! table ( ! ,coronets at ,delphi4 ,! "w ( ,timan!s ga9$ ! prize1 z 8 ,ajax _h done1 :5 exhibit$ 9 competition ) t ( ,p>rhasius4 ,!re 0 a celebrat$ portrait ( a pr9ce by him1 ( :i* ,pl9y says1 8,x 0 ?\ght to be mo/ absolute3 ! maje/y is su* t all ! art ( pa9t+ a man seeme? compris$ 9 t "o portrait40 ,timan!s did n always conf9e himself1 h[ev]1 to ! gr& & ! pa!tic4 ,!re is an acc\nt ( a little picture :]e he repres5t$ a ,cyclops asleep1 & a numb] ( little satyrs peep+ out ( ! woods2 "s ( :om1 a/oni%$ at 8 size1 are measur+ ! ?umb ( ! unconsci\s giant ) w&s4 ,at ! same "t ) ! f\r great pa9t]s1 ,apollodorus1 ,p>rhasius1 ,zeuxis1 & ,timan!s1 liv$ ,eux5idas1 ,eupompus1 ,e*ion1 ,!rima*us1 & "s o!rs n unwor?y ( _! fell[%ip4 ,!y 7 rem>kable also z hav+ =m$ ! m5 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! ?ird & mo/ brilliant epo* ( pa9t+ 9 ,greece4 ,z ?is essay is already long] ?an ,i int5d$1 ,i w close x "h2 & endeav\r1 9 ano!r1 to sket* ! hi/ory ( ! highe/ prosp]ity & gradual decl9e ( art 9 ,greece4 ,! consid]ation ( ! causes ( t decl9e belongs to ! philosophy ( g5]al hi/ory4 ,i w only rem>k1 t pa9t+ 9 ,greece rose to its highe/ excell5ce by individual ex]tions1 excit+ ! sympa?y1 & !re=e ! patronage1 ( ! public g5]ally2 t x fl\ri%$ "u ! enc\ragem5t ( ,alex&]2 b t ! unnatural fo/]+ ( p[] appe>s to h weak5$ ! _s ( art1 :i* fad$ aft] 8 "t1 z ^? delicate plants :i* are *]i%$ into extraord9>y beauty by ! heat ( ! /ove1 aft] a season langui% & die1 ev5 ( ! ef=t t seem$ to contribute to _! luxuriance4 ,,footnotes3 #ga ,i h he>d x object$ t ! ,am]icans ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ?\gh !y built t[ns & e/abli%$ civil gov]nm5ts & s on1 ?\ght little ( ! f9e arts = #bjj ye>s4 ,t is true4 ,b x %\ld be rememb]$ t ! f9e arts =m$ "p ( ! religion ( ! ,egyptian emigrants4 ,! ,briti% emigrants1 on ! contr>y1 _h j quitt$ a mo/ gorge\s communion1 :i* _h employ$ all ! arts 9 its s]vice1 & ?us r5d]$ !m an abom9ation to ! sev]e puritans :o 7 9 fact fly+ f ! p]secutions ( ! great patrons ( art 9 _! days4 #gb ,lecture #a4 #gc ,pausanias1 to :om we owe ! l>ge/ catalogue ( antique works ( art1 travell$ ab\t ! ye> #agj ( our era2 & ! objects he describes c\ld n h be5 sudd5ly disp]s$ ev5 aft] 8 "t4 #gd ,contempor>y ) ,hom] 0 ,j]oboam1 :o set up ! two calves or heif]s 9 two cities ( ,pale/9e4 #ge #a ,k+s1 *4 vii41 v4 #ac4 ,9 #b ,*ron4 *4 ii41 v4 #ad1 he is n nam$1 & 8 "m is said to h be5 ( ! daught]s ( ,dan2 8 qualifications 71 t he 0 8skilful to "w 9 gold & 9 silv]1 9 brass1 9 iron1 9 /one & 9 timb]1 9 purple1 9 blue1 9 f9e l951 & 9 crimson2 also to grave any mann] ( grav+1 & to f9d out e device :i* %all be put to him40 ,scripture tell u likewise1 t ,solomon built or repair$ _m cities4 ,balbec & ,palmyra are bo? nam$4 ,n[1 ! columns & light] p>ts ( ! temples at ,balbec look v l ar*itecture ( ! ,roman "t2 :ile ! massy sub/ructures resemble works t are always said to be ( ,pelasgic orig94 ,aga91 ! temples ( ,palmyra are ( ,roman ta/e2 b ! tombs & wat]c\rses1 l ! works 9 ,pale/9e ascrib$ to ,solomon1 are massy & durable4 #gf ,! ,dut* travell]1 ,cornelis de ,bruyn1 9 8 #a/ folio vol41 publi%$ 9 #afih1 0 among ! fir/ to publi% a figure ( ! tomb ( ,absalom2 ,pocock has giv5 a v fai?ful repres5tation ( x2 ,mey]1 :o travell$ ) ,sir ,rob]t ,a9sley1 also gave a fai?ful lik5ess ( x & ! tombs ( ! k+s4 ,! mo/ agreeable po9ts ( view ( ^! subjects are h[ev] to be f\nd 9 ! ,l&scape ,illu/rations ( ! ,bible1 publi%$ by ,mr4 ,murray1 ) descriptions by ! ,rev4 ,h>twell ,horne4 ,= ! excavations & build+s ( ,petra1 see ,m4 ,leon de ,laborde's works4 ,if q au!ntic1 !y1 l ,palmyra1 %[ v anci5t excavations & build+s1 ov]laid ) ,roman additions4 #gg ,unless t ( ,arimnus1 a ,tyrrh5e k+1 prec$$ x1 :i* is d\btful4 #gh ,?is is t ,cypselus1 f ^: tyranny ,dem>atus is report$ to h fl$ & tak5 refuge at ,t>qu9ii1 & to h settl$ 9 ,etruria1 & c>ri$ on 8 =m] occupation ( a pott]4 ,8 son1 "u ! "n ( ,t>qu91 became k+ ( ,rome4 #gi ,! description ( ! fabul\s horse ( brass1 :i* makes s conspicu\s a figure 9 ! tale ( ,gyges1 supposes ! mak] to h be5 an +5i\s me*anic1 z well z an arti/ ( tal5t4 #hj ,pl9y1 besides extoll+ ! /atues ?is ,!odorus ca/ 9 bronze1 praises "s exquisitely m9ute works ( 84 ,contempor>y ) ! gifts ( ,crsus to ! ,delphic ,apollo1 0 ! gold5 image set up by ,nebu*adnezz> at ,babylon2 &1 )9 fifty ye>s1 ,p]illus made ! braz5 bull = ,phal>is1 tyrant ( ,syracuse1 :o ) a cruel ju/ice consum$ ! arti/ himself 9 x4 #ha ,ezra1 *4 vi41 v4 #ad4 ,! vessels return$ by ,cyrus 7 #edjj 9 numb]4 ,ezra1 *4 i41 v4 #aa4 #hb ,by ! "t ( ,cyrus1 ,a!ns _h = ev] %ak5 (f ! k+ly gov]nm5t3 & a poli%$ ,greek city1 ,m>seilles1 _h be5 f\nd$ 9 b>b>\s ,gaul4 #hc ,see ,m4 ,taus* on ! ,circassians1 9 ! fir/ ,numb] ( ! ,j\rnal ( ! ,royal ,asiatic ,society4 #hd ,damask+1 evid5tly f ,damascus4 ,z silks & l951 ) ri* v>i$ surfaces1 (t5 ( diff]5t col\rs1 are also call$ damask4 #he ,pausanias1 b4 v4 *4 #ag4 ,! *e/ is said to be t 9 :i* ! tyrant 0 conceal$ by 8 "m :5 ! ,bac*id w\ld h sla9 him3 "s say x 0 9 ! family meal *e/ t he 0 hidd54 ,i h se5 9 v old ,engli% h\ses1 & "s ,italian ones1 meal *e/s curi\sly adorn$4 #hf ,pausanias1 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! eighte5? *apt] ( ! ,laconics1 names ! /atues ( ,sleep & ,dea?1 believ$ to be bro!rs2 & f>!r on1 9 ! same *apt]1 ! ?rone ( ,amycls1 made by ,ba?ycles1 ! ornam5ts ( :i* 7 z v>i\s & *os5 ) z mu* app>5t caprice z ^? on ! *e/ ( ,cypselus4 #hg ,fuseli4 #hh ,an improvem5t almo/ equival5t to t made by ,ddalus 9 sculpture4 ,he1 x is said1 fir/ deta*$ ! arms f ! sides1 v>i$ ! positions ( ! limbs1 & gave true relief to ! features4 ,h5ce ! fable t he end[$ 8 figures ) motion4 ,!re are "s curi\s ,mexican figures 9 ! possession ( ,capt4 ,veit*1 !y are 9 high relief ^u slabs2 holes are drill$ = ! arm-pits1 ! =e arms are cross$ ^u ! /oma*1 ! legs only indicat$1 & to give ! appe>ance ( relief to ! nose1 ! *eeks are holl[$ on ea* side4 #hi 8,on ! walls ( ! temple is pa9t$1 by anci5t arti/s1 ! :ole hi/ory z engrav$ on ! pill>4 ,!re y see ,ore/es sail+ ) 8 fri5d1 8 %ip split on ! rock1 himself tak51 & ,iphig5ia prep>+ to sacrifice him3 9 ano!r "p he is repres5t$ fre$ f 8 *a9s1 slay+ ,?oas & sev]al o!r ,scy?ians2 !y are sett+ sail ) ,iphig5ia & ! goddess2 ! ,scy?ians attempt+ to bo>d ! %ip1 & hang+ on ! rudd]2 "s w\nd$ & repuls$1 o!rs fright5$ & swimm+ back to ! %ore4 ,on ! opposite side ( ! wall is p\rtray$ ! mutual affection ( ! two fri5ds 9 _! battle ) ! ,scy?ians2 ! pa9t] has drawn "o ( !m driv+ away ! enemies :o attack$ ! o!r1 )\t reg>d+ ^? :o fell on himself1 z if c>eless ( 8 own life1 if he c\ld b pres]ve t ( 8 fri5d1 cov]+ him on e side1 & receiv+ ! /rokes t 7 aim$ at him40 ,,frankl9',s ,,lucian4 #ij ,pl9y1 b4 xxxv4 *4 #h1 says 8x is = c]ta9 report$ t ,phidias himself 0 a pa9t] at ! beg9n+40 #ia ,be=e ,*ri/1 #dfe4 ,leake's ,topography ( ,a!ns4 #ib ,! ar*itect ( ! ,p>!non 0 ,ict9us1 :o wrote a treatise1 n[ lo/1 ^u its con/ruction4 #ic ,!re are ca/s 9 ! ,briti% ,museum4 #id ,i am n aw>e t any pictures adorn$ ?is temple1 ?\gh ! /atues 7 pa9t$4 ,! ,eg9a m>bles1 :i* might h be51 b :i*1 alas6 are n 9 ,engl&1 =m an int]e/+ l9k betwe5 ! free f9i%$ works ( ,phidias1 & ! /iff] & m conv5tional figures ( e>ly ,cor9? & ,etruria4 ,see ,mr4 ,cock]ell's int]e/+ ,essay1 ) ! et*+s1 9 ! #f? ,vol4 ( ! ,qu>t]ly ,j\rnal ( ,sci5ce & ,art4 #ie ,topography ( ,a!ns4 #if ,! approa* to common life 9 ! ,g]man compositions1 r5d]s _! col\r less (f5sive p]haps to our feel+s1 ?an col\r appli$ to ! ideal =ms ( ,greek sculpture w\ld be4 #ig ,& pa9t$ ,/a next4--,,milton4 ,x 0 f ?is portico t ! /oics d]iv$ _! "n4 ,colonel ,leake quotes ,synesius to %[ t ! pictures ( ,polygnotus1 9 ! ,pcile1 7 pa9t$ on pannels1 & t !y 7 n remov$ till ! #d? c5tury4 #ih ,9 ! #ae? *apt] ( ,pausanias' ,attics1 ,i "k t he does n "n s*ylus z "o ( ! p]sons introduc$ 9 ! picture2 b 9 *apt] #ba1 aft] speak+ ( "s o!r tragic poets1 he says1 8) respect to ! image ( s*ylus & ! picture 9 :i* 8 val\r at ,m>a?on is repres5t$1 ,i am ( op9ion t ^! 7 produc$ a long "t aft] 8 dea?40 ,:at picture1 if n t ( ! battle ( ,m>a?on8 #ii ,polygnotus neglect$ no?+ t c\ld flatt] ! ,a!nians4 ,into ?is great epic picture he introduc$ a dog1 :i* hav+ foll[$ a soldi] to ,m>a?on1 return$ unhurt aft] ! battle1 & became a pet ) ! p4 ,dogs seem to h be5 9 fav\r at ,a!ns4 ,!re is a /ory ( a :ite dog :i* trott$ ?r\gh ! temple ( ,m9]va ,polias d[n into t ( ,p&rosus1 & plac$ himself 9 com=t on ! alt>1 t /ood "u ,m9]va's own olive tree4 ,ano!r :ite dog acquir$ fame by ta/+ ( ! meat (f]$ 9 sacrifice to ,apollo4 ,!re is also a :ite dog ref]r$ to 9 ! catalogue ( monum5ts ( ,h]cules4 ,! num]\s /atues ( dogs1 9 bronze & m>ble1 atte/ ! gratitude ( ! anci5ts to ^? fri5ds & gu>dians ( man4 #ajj ,ca/or & ,pollux1 z ! pres]v]s ( seam51 7 v e>ly wor%ipp$ by ! ,a!nians4 #aja ,x 0 ne> ?is build+ t ! ,graces 9 m>ble by ,socrates /ood3 !y 7 veil$ z became ! ,graces1 fa%ion$ by ! h& ( wisdom4 ,! veil on ! "w ( ,socrates 0 a real veil2 b a fri5d has obs]v$1 t 8! veil 0 a rem>kable "p ( ! my?ology ( ! ,graces1 b x is describ$ z invisible1 & hav+ only ! moral effect ( a veil40 #ajb ,i ?9k t z ,epeus is said to h inv5t$ ! wood5 horse1 an allegory 0 int5d$ 9 ?is "p ( ! picture4 ,inde$1 ,i h some:]e se5 x rem>k$1 ,i ?9k 9 ,pausanias1 t to suppose t ! horse ( ,epeus 0 any?+ b a w>like ma*9e1 is to suppose ! ,trojans v /upid inde$4 #ajc ,!re are 9 ?is "p ( ! picture "s v]ses1 by ,simonides1 to ! foll[+ effect3-- ,! arti/ ,polygnotus1 = 8 sire ,:o claims ,aglaiophon1 9 ,?asos born1 pa9t$ ! captur$ t[] ( ,troy4 ,taylor's ,translation 7( #agid7 #ajd ,i _c help consid]+ ! figure ( ,ocnus1 :o 0 repres5t$ z twi/+ a rope ( ru%es = a %e ass to dev\r1 z an emblem ( ! inactivity--! do+ ( no?+ 9 ! grave4 ,we h a s+le picture1 by ano!r pa9t] ( ! same subject1 z an emblem ( idl5ess1 m5tion$ by ,pl9y4 ,pausanias1 h[ev]1 calls ! ass ( ,ocnus ! emblem ( a ?riftless wife4 #aje ,no "o c be m s5sible ?an ,i am ( ! great m]its ( ! mod]n ,g]man arti/s4 ,yet ,i ?9k !y h c>ri$ _! admiration ( ! anci5ts to excess 9 "s po9ts1 & ,i _c b consid] ! outl9es ( ,riep5haus51 int5d$ to illu/rate ! desc5t ( ,ulysses1 by ,polygnotus1 a pro( ( x4 ,surely a ,g]man %\ld h look$ at ,hemel9k1 & at ! hi/ory ( ,/4 ,paul1 at ,augsburg1 by ! eld] ,holbe91 :]e he w\ld h f\nd t a d\ble /ory1 or ev5 "o ( _m p>ts1 c be treat$ )\t violat+ common s5se1 or ! rules ( pa9t+4 #ajf ,olymp4 #ic4 #ajg ,holl&'s ,translation1 b4 xxxv4 #ajh ,pl9y1 b4 xxxv4 *4 #aj4 #aji ,see ,fuseli's fir/ lecture4 #aaj ,b4 iv4 ,ode #h4 #aaa ,in/itutes1 b4 xii4 *4 #aj4 #aab lian4 #aac ,?is picture 0 at ,l9dos 9 ,pl9y's "t4 #aad ,x is a pity t ?is anecdote has come d[n to u bald z x is1 because x seems to inf] t ! l[e/ k9d ( excell5ce 0 :at ^! great m5 aim$ at1 t is1 m]e deceptive imitation4 ,b we %\ld rem>k t we h n ! writ+s ( a s+le pa9t] or arti/ ( any k9d pres]v$1 & t ! relators ( ! /ory 7 notori\sly ignorant ( art4 ,x is impossible t ! pa9t] ( ! ,hel5 ( ,agrig5tum1 & he :o conceiv$ ! ,demos ( ,a!ns1 c\ld h _h su* n>r[ views ( art4 #aae ,in/itutes1 b4 xii4 *4 #aj4 #aaf ,i _c help subjo9+1 z a note1 ,lucian's description ( "o ( ! pictures ( ,zeuxis3--8,i w tell y a /ory ( ,zeuxis4 ,t fam\s pa9t] seldom *ose to h&le trite or common subjects1 su* z h]oes1 gods1 & battles1 b always endeav\r$ to /rike out some?+ new1 & ex]t$ all 8 art & skill ^u x4 ,among/ o!r ?+s1 he pa9t$ a female c5taur1 ) two "y ones2 !re is an exact copy ( x n[ at ,a!ns2 ! orig9al 0 said to h be5 s5t into ,italy1 by ,sylla1 ! ,roman g5]al1 & lo/ at sea1 ) ! :ole c>go1 some:]e1 ,i believe1 ne> ,malta4 ,! copy1 h[ev]1 #a h se51 & w describe to y2 n t ,i pret5d to be a judge ( pictures1 b because1 :5 ,i saw x 9 a pa9t]'s collection !re1 x made a /rong impression on me1 & ,i p]fectly recollect e "p ( x4 8,! c5taur is ly+ d[n on a smoo? turf2 t "p :i* repres5ts a m>e1 is /ret*$ on ! gr\nd1 ) ! h9d feet ext5d$ backw>ds2 ! =e feet n rea*+ out z if %e _h laid on h] side1 b "o ( !m z kneel+ ) ! ho( b5t "u1 ! o!r rais$ up & trampl+ on ! grass1 l a horse prep>$ to leap2 %e holds "o ( h] "y ones 9 h] arms1 & suckles x l a *ild at a woman's brea/2 & ! o!r at h] dugs l a colt4 ,9 ! f>!r "p ( ! picture is se5 a male c5taur1 z wat*+ f a place ( obs]vation1 suppos$ to be ! fa!r2 he is beh9d1 & discov]s only ! horse "p ( ! figure1 & appe>s smil+1 %[+ a lion's cub1 :i* he lifts up1 z if to fright5 ! "y ones 9 sport4 8,) reg>d to correctness 9 draw+1 ! col\r+1 light1 & %ade1 symmetry1 proportion1 & o!r beauties1 ( ?is picture1 z ,i am n a suffici5t judge ( ! art1 ,i leave x to pa9t]s ^: bus9ess x is to expla9 & illu/rate !m4 ,:at ,i pr9cipally admire 9 ,zeuxis is1 8 %[+ s mu* v>iety1 & all ! ri*es ( 8 art1 9 ! managem5t ( "o subject1 repres5t+ a man s fi]ce & t]rible1 ! hair s nobly di%evell$1 r\gh1 & fl[+ ov] ! %\ld]s1 :]e x jo9s ! horse1 & ! c\nt5ance1 ?\gh smil+1 amaz+ly wild & savage4 ,! female c5taur is a mo/ beautiful m>e1 ( ,!ssalian bre$1 su* z _h be5 nev] ridd5 or tam$2 all ! upp] "p resembl+ a v h&some woman1 except ! e>s1 :i* are l a satyr's3 t "p ( ! figure :]e ! body ( ! woman jo9s to t ( ! horse1 incorporat+1 z x 71 ins5sibly & by sl[ degrees1 s t y c sc>ce m>k ! transition1 deceiv+ ! sight mo/ agreeably4 ,! f]ocity t appe>s 9 ! "y ones is moreov] admirably express$2 z well z ! *ildi% innoc5ce 9 _! c\nt5ances :5 !y look t[>ds ! "y lion1 cl++ at ! same "t to ! brea/1 & gett+ z close z possible to _! "m4 8,:5 ,zeuxis produc$ ?is "w1 he expect$ und\bt$ly to meet ) univ]sal approbation f ! spectators2 e body inde$ prais$ & admir$ x2 & h[ c\ld !y d o!rwise8 ,above all1 !y comm5d$1 z my fri5ds did ) reg>d to me1 ! novelty ( ! inv5tion2 said x 0 a mo/ uncommon subject1 & unattempt$ by any ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,b1 :5 ,zeuxis und]/ood t _! admiration 0 conf9$ entirely to ! novelty ( x1 & t !y pass$ ov] all ! art :i* he _h ex]t$ 9 x1 #8,cov] up ! picture1' said he to 8 pupil1 #8& let x be c>ri$ home1 = ^! p are only 9 love ) ! dregs1 z x 71 ( ! art1 & take no notice ( ! real m]it ( ! picture2 ! novelty ( ! p]=mance alone runs away ) all ! praise & admiration40 ,frankl9's ,lucian4 ,x is ev] ! same ) ! vulg>4 ,z soon z any art seems to h arriv$ at some?+ approa*+ to p]fection1 ! incessant crav+ = novelty =ces arti/s to seek new ways ( gratify+ _! patrons2--sometimes by exagg]at+ =m1 sometimes by exagg]at+ col\r1 or light & %ad[4 ,! pa9t] by degrees loses sight ( nature1 & produces mon/]s4 ,! sculptor attempts to make m>ble fl[ & flutt] 9 ! w9d2 ! musician dr[ns expression 9 noise2 & ! poet ei!r sick5s 8 read] ) blood & murd]1 or s5ds him to sleep ov] daisies & daffodils4 #aag ,nei!r ! ,fr5* nor ! ,engli% critics appe> to me to h compreh5d$ ! real motive ( ,timan!s1 z conta9$ 9 ! words 8dec]e1 pro dignitate1 & digne10 9 ! passages ( ,tully1 ,qu9tilian1 & ,pl9y2 !y ascribe to impot5ce :at 0 ! =be>ance ( judgm5t2 ,timan!s felt l a fa!r2 he did n hide ! face ( ,agamemnon because x 0 beyond ! p[] ( 8 art1 n because x 0 beyond ! possibility1 b because x 0 beyond ! dignity ( expression2 because ! inspir+ feature ( pat]nal affection at t mom5t1 & ! action :i* ( necessity mu/ h accompani$ x1 w\ld ei!r h de/roy$ ! gr&eur ( ! "* & ! solemnity ( ! sc5e1 or subject$ ! pa9t]1 ) ! majority ( 8 judges1 to ! imputation ( ins5sibility4 ,he mu/ ei!r h repres5t$ him 9 te>s1 or convuls$ at ! fla% ( ! rais$ dagg]1 =gett+ ! *ief 9 ! fa!r1 or %[n him absorb$ by despair1 & 9 t /ate ( /upefaction :i* levels all features & dead5s expression4 ,he might inde$ h *os5 a f\r? mode2 he might h exhibit$ him fa9t+ & palsi$ 9 ! arms ( 8 att5dants1 & by ?is confusion ( male & female "*1 m]it$ ! applause ( e !atre at ,p>is4 ,b ,timan!s _h too true a s5se ( nature to expose a fa!r's feel+s1 or to te> a passion to rags2 nor _h ! ,greeks yet le>nt ( ,rome to /eel ! face4 ,if he made ,agamemnon be> 8 calamity z a man1 he made him also feel x z a man4 ,x became ! lead] ( ,greece to sanction ! c]emony ) 8 pres5ce1 x did n become ! fa!r to see 8 daught] b5ea? ! dagg]'s po9t3 ! same nature t ?rew a real mantle ov] ! face ( ,timoleon1 :5 he assi/$ at ! puni%m5t ( 8 bro!r1 taught ,timan!s to ?r[ an imag9>y "o ov] ! face ( ,agamemnon2 nei!r height nor dep?1 propriety ( expression 0 8 aim4 ,! critic grants t ! exp$i5t ( ,timan!s may be all[$ 9 8in/ances ( blood10 ! support$ aspect ( :i* w\ld *ange a sc5e ( commis]ation & t]ror into "o ( abom9ation & horror1 :i* ought = ev] to be exclud$ f ! prov9ce ( art1 ( poetry z well z pa9t+3 & w\ld n ! face ( ,agamemnon1 uncov]$1 h _h ?is effect8 0 n ! sc5e he mu/ h witness$ a sc5e ( blood8 & ^: blood 0 to be %$8 t ( 8 own daught]--& :at daught]8 "y1 beautiful1 helpless1 innoc5t1 resign$--! v idea ( resignation 9 su* a victim1 mu/ ei!r h act$ irresi/ibly to procure h] relief1 or ?r[n a veil ov] a fa!r's face4 ,a man :o is det]m9$ to sport wit1 at ! exp5se ( he>t1 alone c\ld call su* an exp$i5t ridicul\s2 8z ridicul\s10 ,mr4 ,falconet cont9ues1 8z a poet w\ld be1 :o 9 a pa!tic situation1 in/ead ( satisfy+ my expectation1 to rid himself ( ! bus9ess1 %\ld say1 t ! s5tim5ts ( 8 h]o are s f> above :atev] c be said on ! occasion1 t he %all say no?+40 ,& has n ,hom]1 ?\gh he does n tell u ?is1 act$ ^u a simil> pr9ciple8 has he n1 :5 ,ulysses addresses ,ajax 9 ,hades1 9 ! mo/ pa!tic & conciliatory mann]1 in/ead ( furni%+ him ) an answ]1 made him rema9 9 indignant sil5ce dur+ ! address1 !n turn 8 /ep & /alk away8 has n ! univ]sal voice ( g5u9e criticism ) ,long9us told u1 & if x _h n1 w\ld n ,nature's own voice tell u1 t t sil5ce 0 *>act]i/ic2 t x preclud$1 includ$1 &1 so>+ above all answ]1 consign$ ,ulysses = ev] to a s5se ( inf]iority8 nor is x necess>y to r5d] su* criticism contemptible to m5tion ! sil5ce ( ,dido 9 ,virgil1 or ! ,niobe ( s*ylus1 :o 0 introduc$ veil$1 & cont9u$ mute dur+ h] pres5ce on ! /age4 ,b 9 hid+ ,agamemnon's face1 ,timan!s loses ! hon\r ( inv5tion1 z he is m]ely ! imitator ( ,euripides1 :o did x be=e him4 ,i am n prep>$ ) *ronologic pro(s to decide :e!r ,euripides or ,timan!s1 :o 7 cotempor>ies ab\t ! p]iod ( ! ,peloponnesian w>1 fell fir/ on ?is exp$i5t1 ?\gh ! sil5ce ( ,pl9y & ,qu9tilian on t head seems to be 9 fav\r ( ! pa9t]1 nei!r ( :om c\ld be ignorant ( ! celebrat$ drama ( ,euripides1 & w\ld n will+ly h suff]$ ?is ma/]-/roke ( an art !y 7 s mu* bett] acqua9t$ ) ?an pa9t+1 to be transf]r$ to ano!r f its real au?or1 _h ! poet's claim be5 prior3 nor %all ,i urge t ! picture ( ,timan!s 0 cr[n$ ) victory by ^? :o 7 9 daily habits ( assi/+ at ! dramas ( ,euripides1 )\t hav+ _! v]dict impea*$ by ,colotes or 8 fri5ds1 :o w\ld n h fail$ to avail !mselves ( s flagrant a pro( ( inf]iority z ! want ( inv5tion 9 ! "w ( 8 rival3--,i %all only ask :at is inv5tion8 if x be ! comb9ation ( ! mo/ important mom5t ( a fact ) ! mo/ v>i$ effects ( ! reign+ passion on ! *>act]s introduc$1 ! inv5tion ( ,timan!s consi/$ 9 %[+1 by ! gradation ( t passion 9 ! faces ( ! assi/ant m\rn]s1 ! reason :y t ( ! pr9cipal "o 0 hid4 ,?is he p]=m$1 & ?is ! poet1 :e!r prior or subsequ5t1 did n & c\ld n d1 b left x ) a sil5t appeal to our own m9d & fancy4 ,9 presum+ to diff] on ! propriety ( ?is mode ( expression 9 ! picture ( ,timan!s f ! respectable au?ority ,i h quot$1 ,i am f> f a wi% to invalidate ! equally p]t95t & acute rem>ks made on ! dang] ( its imitation2 ?\gh ,i am decid$ly ( op9ion t x is /rictly )9 ! limits ( our art4 ,if x be a 8trick10 x is c]ta9ly "o t has s]v$ m ?an once4 ,we f9d x adopt$ to express ! grief ( a beautiful female figure on a basso-relievo =m]ly 9 ! palace ,valle at ,rome1 & pres]v$ 9 ! ,admir&a ( ,/4 ,b>toli2 x is us$1 ?\gh ) 8 own orig9ality1 by ,mi*ael ,angelo 9 ! figures ( ,abijam1 to m>k unutt]able woe2 ,raffaelle1 to %[ t he ?\ght x ! be/ possible mode ( express+ remorse & ! deepe/ s5se ( rep5tance1 borr[$ x 9 ! expulsion f ,p>adise1 )\t any alt]ation1 f ,masaccio2 &1 l him1 turn$ ,adam out ) bo? 8 h&s be=e 8 face4 ,& h[ has he repres5t$ ,moses at ! burn+ bu%1 to express ! a/oni%$ awe ( human 9 ! visible pres5ce ( ,div9e nature8 by a d\ble repetition ( ! same exp$i5t2 once 9 ! ceil+ ( a /anza1 & aga9 9 ! loggia ( ! ,vatican1 ) bo? 8 h&s be=e 8 face1 or r ) 8 face imm]s$ 9 8 h&s4 ,z we _c suspect 9 ! ma/] ( expression ! unwor?y motive ( mak+ use ( ?is mode m]ely to avoid a difficulty1 or to d5ote ! insupportable spl5d\r ( ! vision1 :i* 0 s f> f be+ ! case1 t1 accord+ to ! sacr$ record1 ,moses /epp$ out ( 8 way to exam9e ! ineffectual blaze2 we mu/ conclude t ,nature h]self dictat$ to him ?is me?od z sup]ior to all he c\ld express by features2 & t he recognis$ ! same dictate 9 ,masaccio1 :o c no m be suppos$ to h be5 acqua9t$ ) ! prec$5t ( ,timan!s1 ?an ,%akspe>e ) t ( ,euripides1 :5 he made ,macduff draw 8 hat ov] 8 face4 ,,essay ,,iv4 ,,( ,,! ,,?ird ,,p]iod ,,( ,,pa9t+ ,,9 ,,greece4 ,! ,poets br+ ! ,gods ^u ! /age1 & all t is pomp\s1 grave1 & delightful4 ,! ,pa9t]s likewise d design z _m ?+s ^u a bo>d z ! ,poets possibly c utt]4 ,,philo/ratus1 ,preface to ! ,picture ,gall]y4 ,9 ! fantasies ( ,pa9t]s no?+ is s comm5dable z t !re be bo? possibility & tru?4 ,,long9us4 ,among ! nations bord]+ ^u ,european ,greece1 ,mac$onia 0 mo/ l x 9 mann]s1 language1 & physical circum/ances2 yet ! ,mac$onians 7 g5]ally look$ ^u z b>b>ians by ^? pr\d ,republicans1 :o claim$ ! exclusive "n ( ,greeks4 ,alex&]1 ! elde/ son ( ,amyntas1 ,k+ ( ,mac$on1 desir\s ( di/9ction 9 ,greece1 propos$ himself z a competitor 9 "s ( ! ,olympic games2 b ! ,greeks reject$ him at fir/ ) scorn z a ,b>b>ian#aah4 ,h[ev]1 he br\ght pro(s ( 8 desc5t f an ,argive family1 & 0 !reupon admitt$ by ! ,hellanodic#aai to an equal p>ticipation ) o!r ,greeks 9 ^? sacr$ games4 ,he obta9$ a victory 9 "o ( ! races1 & d$icat$ a gold5 /atue 9 ! temple ( ,olympia4 ,! title ( ! ,mac$onians to appe> z ,greeks at ! ,olympic games1 0 ass]t$ by ! successors ( ,alex&] 9 p]son or by proxy1 & ,philip receiv$ ! news t 8 horses _h won ! prize 9 ! race at ,olympus1 on ! v day :5 ! tid+s rea*$ him ( ! bir? ( ,alex&] ! ,great4 ,9 tru?1 ! k+s ( ,mac$on _h be5 = _m g5]ations eag] to civilise _! p1 by introduc+ among !m "s ( ! ref9em5ts ( ,greece1 :5 !y c\ld snat* an int]val ( peace f ! w>s !y 7 cont9ually =c$ to wage aga9/ _! rude neighb\rs to ! nor?4 ,!y _h employ$ ! sculptors & pa9t]s ( ,a!ns & ,sicyon2 & ! =c$ resid5ce ( ,philip ) ! ,!bans dur+ ! civil w>s 9 ,mac$on1 _h r5d]$ him at lea/ intimate ) ! lit]ature & philosophy ( ,greece4 ,9 *oos+ ,ari/otle = "o ( ! tutors ( 8 son1 ,philip probably _h a view to improv+ 8 ta/e1 z well z cultivat+ ^? high] qualities1 :i*1 ?\gh !y may exi/ )\t x1 d]ive f x a grace & a _s :i* d\ble _! value4 ,! same feel+ :i* l$ 8! /]n ,ema?ian conqu]or0 to sp>e ,! h\se ( ,p9d>us1 :5 temple & t['r ,w5t to ! gr\nd1 made him ! fri5d ( ,apelles & ! patron ( ,lysippus & ,pyrgoteles#abj4 ,i am n c]ta9 :e!r x 0 to ,alex&] or to 8 fa!r1 ?\gh probably to ! latt]1 t ,pamphilus ! ,mac$onian1 a disciple ( ,eupompus1 ow$ ! protection :i* enabl$ him to re-e/abli% ! s*ool ( ,sicyon1 ) su* enl>gem5t z suit$ ! "t4 ,9 ! public c\rse ( in/ruction he procur$ pa9t+ to be rank$ 9 ! fir/ degree ( lib]al sci5ces#aba2 &1 consequ5tly1 all y\?s ( hon\rable bir? 7 und]/ood to le>n at lea/ ! elem5ts ( draw+ z "p ( _! education#abb4 ,pamphilus _h cultivat$ ! sev]e sci5ces z well z ! agreeable ones1 includ+ music & poetry4 ,i h already m5tion$ t he requir$ f 8 pupils a k ( ari?metic & geometry4 ,8 c\rse ( /udy1 besides1 appe>s to h be5 exact1 if n sev]e4 8,no day )\t a l9e10 0 a precept le>nt by ,apelles 9 8 s*ool1 :]e he /udi$ = t5 ye>s1 pay+ a silv] tal5t = ea* ye>#abc1 accord+ to "s1 :ile o!rs imag9e ! tal5t 0 paid = ! :ole t5 ye>s#abd4 ,at any rate1 ,pamphilus set a high value ^u 8 art1 & ma9ta9$ t none b ! free c\ld practise x4 ,8 own pictures 7 mu* priz$3 ,pl9y names "o ( ! battle ( ,phlius2 ano!r1 ( ,ulysses 9 a small vessel at sea2 & a ?ird picture1 conta9+1 z ,i imag9e1 sev]al family portraits4 ,qu9tilian praises ! beautiful designs ( ,pamphilus2 & z _m ( 8 orig9al works 7 9 ,rome :5 ,qu9tilian wrote1 he _h an opportunity ( judg+ ( !m = himself4 ,b x is ,apelles ^: "n spreads lu/re ov] ! mo/ ref9$ & poli%$ ra ( pa9t+ 9 ,greece4 ,admir$1 belov$1 & consult$ 9 8 own "t1 & prais$ by e writ] among ! anci5ts1 we h to lam5t n only t no picture ( 8 has come d[n to u1 b t ^? lett]s to 8 pupils1 & ^? m connect$ works 9 :i* he is said to h laid d[n all ! rules & pr9ciples--nay1 ! v secrets ( art1 h p]i%$4 ,apelles 0 born 9 ,cos1 ?\gh ,lucian1 9 "o ( 8 dialogues1 talks ( him z a native ( ,ephesus#abe4 ,he seems to h be5 end[$ ) ! sweete/ temp] & disposition1 z well z ! f9e/ g5ius4 ,he 0 g5]\sly eag] to set =? ! m]its ( o!rs1 & ! urbanity ( 8 mann]s 0 su*1 t :ile he us$ p]fect fre$om1 he c\ld n give (f5ce4 ,z an in/ance ( ?is1 ,pl9y relates t ,alex&]1 :o frequ5tly visit$ 8 work%op1 all[$ himself great lic5ce & lib]ty ( je/+4 ,apelles g5tly reprov$ him1 entreat+ him to =be>1 le/ 8 pupils & ! boys :o gr\nd 8 col\rs %\ld repeat 8 words & make a je/ ( ! k+4 ,! fre$om ( ! pa9t] 0 s f> f displeas+1 t ,alex&] appe>s to h cultivat$ an intimacy ) him1 little usual betwe5 a k+ & conqu]or1 & an arti/4 ,besides employ+ him to pa9t 8 own portrait1 & =bidd+ any o!r pa9t] to attempt x1 he took s great an int]e/ 9 ! ,v5us ,anadyom5e1 :i* ,apelles 0 at "w ^u :5 he arriv$ at ,a!ns1 t he s5t him ! mo/ beautiful ( 8 ,!ban captives1 nam$ ,campaspe1 ) :om he is report$ to h be5 deeply 9 love1 to s]ve z a model4 ,apelles1 mov$ by h] mis=tunes & h] lovel9ess1 conceiv$ a passion = h] :i* c\ld n be conceal$1 & ,alex&] p]ceiv+ t 8 captive return$ ! pa9t]'s affection1 in/antly resign$ h] to him#abf4 ,b ! fav\r ( ,apelles ) ,alex&] seems to h procur$ him ! ill-w ( "s ( ! c\rti]s1 p>ticul>ly ( ,ptolemy1 z 0 %[n "s ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 ,apelles1 be+ on a voyage to ,rhodes1 0 %ipwreck$ at ! m\? ( ! ,nile2 & on gett+ a%ore repair$ to ,alex&ria1 :]e ,ptolemy1 :o _h become ,k+ ( ,egypt on ,alex&]'s dea?1 !n held 8 c\rt4 ,x appe>s t sev]al ,greek pa9t]s _h already e/abli%$ !mselves !re1 & t jeal\s ( ! motives ( ,apelles' visit1 !y1 9 conjunction ) a pa9t] ( ,alex&ria1 nam$ ,antiphilus1 plann$ 8 ru9 by ! foll[+ artifice4 ,!y brib$ ! c\rt je/] to invite ,apelles =mally to sup ) ! k+4 ,on 8 pres5t+ himself1 ,ptolemy1 rememb]+ 8 anci5t enmity1 0 extremely enrag$1 & ?reat5$ him ) dea?1 unless he in/antly in=m$ him ( ! "n & quality ( 8 invit]4 ,apelles be+ entirely ignorant ( bo?1 & unacqua9t$ ) any p]son at c\rt1 took a piece ( *>coal & drew ! face ( ! je/]1 :i* 0 recognis$ in/antly2 ! life ( ! pa9t] 0 sp>$2 b 8 treatm5t 0 su* t he ha/5$ to escape f ,egypt1 & soon aft] pa9t$1 9 memorial ( 8 dang]1 ! allegory ( ,calumny1 :i* has be5 highly prais$ by ! anci5ts1 & has furni%$ sev]al mod]n pa9t]s ) a !me#abg4 ,apelles' fir/ voyage to ,rhodes 0 expressly to visit ,protog5es1 at t "t extremely poor1 & liv+ 9 obscurity4 ,"s ( 8 works hav+ be5 br\ght to ,a!ns = sale1 & publicly exhibit$1 ,apelles in/antly resolv$ to make acqua9tance ) ! pa9t]1 & emb>k$ accord+ly4 ,on l&+1 he ran eag]ly to ! h\se ( ,protog5es1 &1 f9d+ t he 0 abroad1 took up 8 p5cil1 & drew a f9e pure l9e1 su* z he ?\ght only himself c\ld draw4 ,he left x & return$1 :5 he hop$ ,protog5es might be f\nd2 b he _h be5 oblig$ to leave home aga91 n1 h[ev]1 )\t ackn[l$g+ ! l9e ( ,apelles1 = he drew ano!r /ill f9] )9 x4 ,apelles n[ add$ a ?ird f9] ?an ei!r1 :i* ,protog5es see+1 n[ made x 8 bus9ess to discov] ! /rang]1 ) :om he contract$ a la/+ fri5d%ip#abh4 ,! prov]b t a prophet is n hon\r$ 9 8 own c\ntry1 0 n1 x seems1 falsifi$ 9 ! case ( ,protog5es1 ^: fell[-t[nsm51 ! ,rhodians1 e/eem$ 8 pictures b lightly1 & paid him a v inadequate price = !m4 ,apelles1 h[ev]1 on inquir+ ! co/ ( "s works he 0 engag$ ^u1 decl>$ he ?\ght ! sum mu* too small1 & imm$iately engag$ to give fifty tal5ts = !m#abi4 ,! ,rhodians1 a/oni%$ at ! price1 imag9$ t ,apelles _h pur*as$ !m = ! purpose ( sell+ aga9 z 8 own4 ,!y !re=e began to op5 _! eyes to 8 m]it1 & ! reputation ( ,protog5es rose ne>ly to an equality ) t ( ,apelles himself4 ,9 a =m] ,essay ,i h m5tion$ ! complim5t paid to ,protog5es by ,demetrius1 :o refus$ to attack ! qu>t] ( ! city ( ,rhodes1 :]e 8 fam\s picture ( ,ialysus !n hung4 ,x is ( t pa9t+ t we are told t accid5t produc$ "o ( its greate/ beauties4 ,protog5es1 be+ anxi\s to repres5t ! foam f ! m\? ( "o ( ! ov]tir$ dogs1 f\nd x s difficult1 t1 los+ pati5ce1 he ?rew 8 sponge at x4 ,! s(tness ( ! sponge j oblit]at$ s mu* ( ! =m z ! foam might naturally h hidd51 & ! pa9t]1 improv+ ! accid5t1 r5d]$ ! picture p]fect#acj4 ,b ,apelles1 h[ev] he might admire & assi/ ,protog5es1 us$ to f9d "o fault ) him1 he said he nev] knew :5 to h done1 & t he sometimes injur$ 8 works by ov]-anxiety4 ,9 ?is matt] he pref]r$ himself to 8 fri5d1 z ( bett] judgm5t4 ,yet ,apelles 0 c>eful beyond :at we "k ( mod]n pa9t]s1 z we le>n f ! well kn[n /ory ( 8 publicly exhibit+ 8 pictures1 & hid+ himself beh9d !m1 t he might pr(it by ! unre/ra9$ criticism ( ! multitude4 ,on "o occasion1 a %oemak] pass+1 rem>k$ t some?+ 0 want+ to ! s&al ( ! pr9cipal figure4 ,9 ! ev5+1 ,apelles alt]$ ! faulty s&al1 & :5 ! %oemak] pass$ ! next morn+1 he 0 s *>m$ ) ! att5tion paid to 8 obs]vations1 t he ext5d$ !m f>!r1 & began to f9d fault ) ! limbs2 ^u :i*1 ,apelles broke out ( 8 hid+ place1 exclaim+1 8,let n ! %oemak] g beyond 8 la/10 :i* words h pass$ into a prov]b4 ,! mo/ not$ "w ( ,apelles 0 8 ,v5us ,anadyom5e1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds c>ri$ to ,rome1 & s greatly injur$ 9 ! c>riage1 t x c\ld n be re/or$4 ,he _h und]tak5 to make a duplicate ( ?is celebrat$ figure1 b di$ be=e x 0 f9i%$1 & ! imp]fect "w is said to h be5 valu$ z highly z 8 m p]fect pa9t+s1 because x 0 ! la/ ?+ ^u :i* t skilful h& _h re/$4 ,9 ! ,greek ,an?ology !re are ! foll[+ l9es ( ,leonidas1 :i* in=m u h[ ! pa9t] _h treat$ ! subject3 ,:5 f ! bosom ( h] p>5t flood ,%e rose refulg5t ) ! encircl+ br9e1 ,apelles saw ,cy!rea's =m div9e1 ,& fix$ h] brea?+ image1 :]e x /ood4 ,^? graceful h&s entw9$1 t wr+ ! spray ,f h] ambrosial hair1 proclaim ! tru?2 ,^? speak+ eyes :]e amor\s lightn+s play1 ,^? swell+ heav5s1 ! h>b+]s ( y\?3 ,! rival fl[]s behold ) fond amaze1 ,& yield submission 9 ! consci\s gaze4 ,aft] ! ,v5us1 ! anci5t critics seem to h priz$ ! fam\s portrait ( ,alex&]1 9 ! "* ( ,jupit] ! ,?und]]1 :i* 0 hung 9 ! temple ( ,diana ( ,ephesus1 & co/ no less ?an tw5ty tal5ts ( gold1 accord+ to ,pl9y4 ,?is picture is prais$ z mu* = gr&eur & maje/y z ! ,v5us = lovel9ess4 ,nor 0 x ! only portrait ( ,alex&] he pa9t$1 = we are told t he repres5t$ him 9 e action & "*1 & t ! pictures ( ,k+ ,philip1 by ,apelles1 7 almo/ equally num]\s4 ,! portrait ( ,clytus he pa9t$ 9 arm\r1 & t ( ,megabyzus1 ! prie/ ( ,diana1 9 8 prie/ly robes1 p]=m+ a sacrifice4 ,( o!r rem>kable portraits by him1 we h ! names ( ,antio*us1 ! k+1 :om he pa9t$ 9 pr(ile to conceal ! want ( an eye1 :i* disfigur$ him2 ( ,m5&]1 k+ ( ! ,rhodians2 ( ,gorgo/h5es1 ! trag$ian2 & ( "o ,ancu1 a ,samian4 ,at ,rome !re 0 an allegorical picture pa9t$ by him1 9 :i* ,ca/or & ,pollux1 ,alex&]1 & a w+$ victory 7 introduc$2 & also t picture ( w> 9 *a9s1 :i* 0 aft]w>ds s cruelly defac$ by ,claudius1 :o1 z ,i h already m5tion$1 _h ! head ( ,alex&] scrap$ out1 & t ( ,augu/us sub/itut$ = x#aca4 ,o!r subjects on :i* he employ$ 8 p5cil h be5 nam$ by v>i\s au?ors3 = in/ance1 a ,h]cules ne>ly turn$ f ! spectator2 a ,h]o & ,le&]2 ,ar*elaus ) 8 wife & daught]2 & a mo/ beautiful picture ( ,diana1 ) h] att5dant virg9s prep>+ a sacrifice4 ,?is la/ 0 e/eem$ by ! connoisseurs ( ,greece z "o ( 8 v f9e/ works1 ?\gh a few pref]r$ a picture ( ,antigonus on horseback4 ,he _h pa9t$ ! same k+ 9 arm\r1 on foot1 ) 8 horse l$ by a soldi]1 b ?is "w 0 n e/eem$ ne>ly s mu* z ! o!r4 ,he seems to h be5 fond ( pa9t+ horses1 & c>ri$ away ! prize f sev]al rivals 9 subjects :]e !y 7 treat$1 ei!r alone1 or along ) _! rid]s4 ,i am n cle> :e!r x 7 a solit>y horse1 or "o on :i* he _h m\nt$ ,neoptolemus arm$1 & *>g+ "s ,p]sian soldi]s1 t1 accord+ to ,pl9y1 procur$ him ! complim5t ( a greet+ f a real horse t 0 pass+ by#acb4 ,x is evid5t1 ,i ?9k1 f :at ! anci5ts h relat$ conc]n+ 8 works1 t he nev] pa9t$ 9 fresco1 nor d ,i f9d any m5tion made ( draw+s on p>*m5t1 l ^? ( ,zeuxis & ,p>rhasius4 ,he mu/ !n h pa9t$ ^u pannel ) ! usual prep>ation ( *alk or c>bonate ( lime1 ) size4 ,( ! peculi> glaze or v>ni%1 :i* he is said to h fir/ us$1 ,i %all h occasion to speak 9 a future ,essay4 ,protog5es1 ! fri5d & rival ( ,apelles1 0 born at ,caunus1 9 ,cilicia2 b ,rhodes 0 8 adopt$ c\ntry4 ,8 pov]ty 0 su*1 t he 0 a %ip pa9t] dur+ ! e>ly "p ( 8 life4 ,n[ ! %ips ( ! anci5ts1 ?\gh col\r$ g5]ally r$ or black1 laid on ) pit*1 wax1 & oil1 at ! bottoms & ! seams1 _h always a figure pa9t$ at ! pr[1 repres5t+ ! tutel>y deity1 or h]o ( ! vessel1 mu* aft] ! mann] ( our figure-heads4 ,on ! /]n x 0 cu/om>y to pa9t m>9e subjects1 su* z ,neptune & ,amphitrite1 ! ,tritons1 ! bir? ( ,v5us1 & s on#acc4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ?is practice ,protog5es acquir$ great k & skill 9 %ipp+1 & became a consid]able m>9e pa9t]4 ,p]haps ! sight ( "s ( ! %ips pa9t$ by him might h induc$ ! ,a!nians to invite him to pa9t "s ( _! fav\rite %ips ( w>1 9 ! ,portico ne> ,m9]va's temple4 ,! great praises be/[$ on 8 pictures by ,apelles1 0 ano!r temptation to a p s eag] aft] e k9d ( elegance1 to engage him 9 ! s]vice ( ! city4 ,accord+ly1 ab\t ! fiftie? ye> ( 8 age1 he accept$ an invitation to "w = ! ,republic1 & hav+ pa9t$ ! ,!smo!t ( ! "t#acd 9 ! *amb] ( ! c\ncil ( five hundr$1 he pa9t$ ! two galleys1 ,p>alus & ,hemionis1 9 ! portico ne> ,m9]va's ,temple4 ,! ,greek pa9t]s 7 occasionally 9 ! habit ( surr\nd+ _! pictures ) a bord] ( subjects1 execut$ on a small] scale ?an ! ma9 action ( ! picture2 ?is !y call$ ,p>]ga#ace4 ,! p>]ga to ! ,p>alus & ,hemionis consi/$ ( small vessels1 ( v>i\s k9ds & dim5sions4 ,pl9y says t ! pa9t] int5d$ !reby to %[ f :at small beg9n+s1 he1 a pa9t] ( %ips & boats1 _h aris5 to em95ce4 ,b ,i ?9k x m likely t he only made 8 bord] to suit 8 subject1 :i* 0 d$icat$ to ! s]vice ( ! /ate & comm]ce ( ,a!ns#acf4 ,x is said t :ile ,protog5es rema9$ 9 ,a!ns1 ,ari/otle urg$ him1 )\t success1 to pa9t ! triumphs ( ,alex&]4 ,b he pa9t$ "s portraits :i* 7 highly e/eem$1 p>ticul>ly "o ( ,ari/otle's "m4 ,he also pa9t$ ,antigonus & "s o!r m5 ( note 9 8 "t4 ,none ( 8 pictures1 h[ev]1 7 s mu* admir$ z 8 ,ialysus2 ?\gh ! ,anapom5es or ,satyrs at re/1 ! ,cydippe1 ! ,tlepolemus1 & ! ,pan1 7 greatly e/eem$4 ,protog5es acquir$ z great a reputation = 8 bronze /atues z 8 pictures4 ,ari/ides ( ,!bes is ! next great "n 9 ! ?ird era ( ,greek pa9t+4 ,he 0 rem>kable = ! int5se expression he ?rew into 8 figures4 ,8 battle pieces1 8 hunt+ sc5es1 & 8 *>iot races1 pa9t$ = =eign k+s & public halls1 ?\gh highly priz$1 7 f> bel[ ! pa!tic gr\ps ( 8 small] pictures1 9 g5]al e/eem4 ,!re 0 a suppliant sue+ s e>ne/ly = grace t 8 v voice seem$ to be he>d2 !re 0 ,byblis expir+ = love2 also a tragic actor1 ) 8 att5dant on ! sc5e1 & "s o!r pictures1 :i* 7 c>ri$ to ,rome1 & hung 9 ! mo/ hon\rable places#acg4 ,8 great m]it seems to h be5 a close att5tion to nature1 n only 9 =m b 9 action & expression2 else1 :5ce arose ! /rong attraction ( 8 ,dy+ ,man8 ,b ! mo/ t\*+ ( all 8 works 0 t picture ( ! /orm+ ( a t[n1 9 :i* ! =emo/ gr\p consi/$ ( a dy+ "m & h] infant4 ,! *ild 0 creep+ t[>ds ! brea/1 %e anxi\sly wat*+ its weak movem5ts1 & endeav\r+ to guide x aright4 ,none c\ld look on ?is pa9t+ )\t a t5d] horror2 few )\t %$d+ te>s4 ,x 0 f\nd 9 ,!bes1 :5 ! place 0 sack$ by ,alex&]4 ,he took x = 8 own1 & s5t x to ,pella4 ,! foll[+ l9es1 by ,emilianus ,nicu1 convey ! s5tim5ts ( ! pa9t]4 ,suck1 little wret*1 :ile yet ?y "m lives6 ,suck ! la/ drop h] fa9t+ bosom gives6 ,%e dies--h] t5d]ness survives h] brea?1 ,& h] fond love is provid5t 9 dea?#ach4 ,ni*oma*us 0 a pa9t]1 =m$ 9 ! same s*ool ) ,ari/ides4 ,b 8 m9d _h a fre] & m *e]ful turn2 & we f9d 9 ,pl9y's li/ ( 8 pictures "s ( ev5 a playful ca/4 ,= in/ance1 "o ( a procession ( ! prie/esses ( ,bac*us1 9 _! habits1 :i* hav+ attract$ ! notice ( ! sylvan deities1 !y are peep+ f ! woods1 & creep+ z ne> z !y d>e4 ,! rape ( ,pros]p9e 0 ano!r ( 8 subjects4 ,! sea mon/] ,scylla ano!r4 ,he is also kn[n to h pa9t$ ,ulysses on 8 raft2 sev]al pictures ( ! gods1 an ,apo!osis1 & o!r works1 :i* 7 c>ri$ to ,rome4 ,he _h ! reputation ( pa9t+ ) great] cel]ity ?an any o!r man ( 8 "t1 9 pro( ( :i*1 we h ! foll[+ anecdote4 ,he _h und]tak5 to pa9t1 = a c]ta9 sum ( money1 ! tomb :i* ,an/rtus1 tyrant ( ,sicyon1 _h built 9 memory ( ,tele/es ! poet4 ,! "w 0 to be f9i%$ by a c]ta9 day2 b f\r days be=e ! "t appo9t$1 ! pa9t] _h n ev5 arriv$ at ,sicyon to beg94 ,^u le>n+ ?is1 ,an/rtus ?reat5$ him ) exempl>y puni%m5t4 ,b1 to ! tyrant's surprise1 :5 ! day came r\nd1 in/ead ( puni%m5t1 he _h to be/[ bo? ! promis$ rew>d & ! highe/ praise1 = ! excell5cy ( ! "w4 ,i come n[ to ! la/ great pa9t]s ( ,greece1 ,pausias & ,euphranor1 :o 7 a little aft] ! "t ( ,apelles & ,ari/ides4 ,timoma*us1 ( ,byzantium2 ,nicias1 ( ,a!ns2 & ,!on ( ,samos1 inde$1 atta9$ to consid]able fame2 & !re 7 "s pa9t]s ( famili> life & o!r subjects1 t appe> to des]ve notice = _! reputation1 ev5 7 x less curi\s to obs]ve h[ anci5t & mod]n art h foll[$ ! same pa?s4 ,pausias 0 ! son & pupil ( ,brietes1 ( ,sicyon1 & appe>s to h be5 dext]\s 9 ! use ( e k9d ( mat]ial & tool !n kn[n4 ,he 0 p>ticul>ly celebrat$ = 8 pictures 9 encau/ic1 ( ! orig9 ( :i* me?od ( pa9t+ ,pl9y himself 0 9 d\bt4 ,8 skill 9 ! m anci5t me?ods ( pa9t+ 0 su*1 t he 0 *os5 to repair ! pictures ( ,polygnotus1 at ,!spi1 :i* _h suff]$ greatly f "t & damp4 ,x is true t 8 "w 0 consid]$ greatly inf]ior to t ( ! orig9al picture2 n1 inde$1 z ,fuseli says1 because he us$ a diff]5t me?od & diff]5t tools1 b because he wr\ght 9 a mann] to :i* he 0 unaccu/om$4 ,may we n also say1 because 8 gay1 *e]ful disposition1 delight+ 9 pa9t+ *ildr5 & fl[]s1 did n & c\ld n ent] into ! high & solemn feel+s :i* seem to h con/antly guid$ ! p5cil ( ,polygnotus8 ,! exce$+ beauty ( col\r :i* is said to h di/+ui%$ ! pictures ( ,pausias1 he ow$ to love4 ,!re liv$ 9 ,sicyon an exce$+ly beautiful girl1 call$ ,glyc]a1 a g>l& mak]1 celebrat$ = ! ta/e & elegance ) :i* %e wove ! coronals1 !n worn univ]sally at religi\s fe/ivals & banquets1 public & private4 ,at fir/1 ,pausias resort$ to h] = ! sake ( pa9t+ ! fre% fl[]s1 & cat*+ _! comb9ations ( col\r & =m2 b he soon began to love ,glyc]a m ?an h] fl[]s2 & ! picture t he pa9t$ ( h]1 :ile wrea?+ a g>l&1 0 ! f9e/ "w t ev] came f 8 h&#aci4 ,ak9 to ?is1 0 8 ,hem]osis1 a small picture ( a *ild1 report$ to h be5 pa9t$ 9 a s+le day1 ?\gh execut$ ) ! greate/ c>e & nicety1 to prove h[ falsely ^? accus$ him ( idl5ess :o said 8 love ( pa9t+ *ildr5 arose f ! little necessity !re 0 = c>e & dilig5ce 9 su* subjects4 ,a v rem>kable picture ( 8 is m5tion$1 repres5t+ a sacrifice1 9 :i* a numb] ( ox5 are introduc$4 ,! =e%ort5+ ( "o ( ^! is said to h be5 imitat$1 ?\gh )\t success1 by _m rivals2 ! mann] ( ca/+ ! %ad[s also1 ^u ! m di/ant gr\ps1 0 a di/+ui%+ excell5ce ( ,pausias4 ,?is sacrifice1 & o!r works ( ?is mo/ em95t man1 7 c>ri$ to ,rome1 :5 all ! pictures at ,sycyon 7 seiz$ dur+ ! ,edile%ip ( ,scaurus1 z ,i h already m5tion$4 ,euphranor1 ! ,i/hmean1 0 ! mo/ accompli%$ ( all ! anci5t pa9t]s aft] ! "t ( ,pausias4 ,he 0 equally celebrat$ z a sculptor 9 m>ble & bronze1 & ! b[ls & vases ( 8 emboss+ always fet*$ a high price4 ,! great public "w ( ,euphranor 0 a portico1 9 t "p ( ,a!ns call$ ! ,c]amicus4 ,"o ( ! subjects 0 an allegorical picture ( ! e>ly political /ate ( ,a!ns4 ,! ,a!nian p1 ,!seus1 & ! p]sonage ( ,democracy1 7 introduc$2 b ,pausanias1 :o m5tions ! subject1 gives no acc\nt ( its treatm5t1 ?\gh he says x signifi$ t ,!seus fir/ e/abli%$ equal rights ( citiz5%ip among ! ,a!nians4 ,9 ! same portico1 ,euphranor also pa9t$ ! battle ( ,mant9ea1 9 :i* ! mo/ rem>kable gr\p 0 an enc\nt] ( cavalry4 ,epam9ondas 0 at ! head ( ! ,botians1 & ,gryllus1 ! son ( ,x5ophon1 l$ ! ,a!nian horse4 ,"o end ( ! portico ,euphranor sanctifi$ by pa9t+s ( ! twelve sup]ior gods4 ,p]haps "s slight judgm5t ( ! tone ( ^! pictures may be =m$ f ! expression ( ,euphranor himself--t1 :ile ! ,!seus ( ,p>rhasius look$ z if he _h f$ ^u roses1 8 own %[$ t he liv$ ^u fle%4 ,! o!r pr9cipal pictures ( ,euphranor appe> to h belong$ to ! temple ( ,diana at ,ephesus1 ! mo/ rem>kable ( :i* 0 ! feign$ madness ( ,ulysses1 :o 0 h>ness+ a horse & an ox to ! same yoke4 ,be=e ,i proce$ to ! pa9t]s ( less note1 ,i w use ! words ( ,qu9tillian to sum up ! g5]al "* ( "s ( ! greate/ m5 :o di/+ui%$ ! ?ird p]iod ( ,greek art4 8,protog5es di/+ui%$ himself by 8 accuracy3 ,pamphilus & ,melan?us by beauty ( design3 ,antiphilus by ! easy & natural /rokes ( 8 p5cil3 ,!on ( ,samos by 8 lively imag9ation3 & ,apelles by 8 +5uity1 & ! graces :i* he boa/$ he _h excell$ 93 ,euphranor made himself admirable by be+ possess$ ( ^! diff]5t qualities 9 z em95t a degree z ! be/ ma/]s40 ,! great enc\ragem5t ( art ab\t ! "t ( ,philip1 & 9 ! reign ( ,alex&] & 8 imm$iate successors1 call$ out abundance ( tal5t ( v>i\s k9ds & degrees2 f t ( ! ,egyptian1 or r ,alex&rian ,antiphilus1 ^: att5tion to nature mu/ h be5 ( s+ul> use to him 9 ^? sc5es = ! !atre on :i* he lov$ to employ himself1 to t pupil ( ,apelles to :om 8 ma/] said s>ca/ically1 8,z y h n be5 able to pa9t y\r ,v5us beautiful1 y h made h] f9e20 9 allusion to a pr(usion ( gold *a9 & o!r ornam5ts ) :i* he _h load$ h]4 ,! s]i\s pictures ( ,antiphilus :i* 7 c>ri$ to ,rome1 7 ! dea? ( ,hippolytus2 sev]al votive pictures ( ,greek div9ities1 & "s few h]oes4 ,he pa9t$ grotesques s p]fectly1 t f "o ( 8 figures1 a fool nam$ ,gryllus1 ) a cap & bells1 su* subjects got ! "n ( ,grylli4 ,antiphilus is1 besides1 ! fir/ pa9t]1 ^: "n has come d[n to u1 :o pa9t$ fire-light effects4 ,8 mo/ fam\s "w ( ?is k9d 0 a boy bl[+ a fire ) 8 m\?1 9 :i* ! natural "* ( ! boy1 & ! effect ( ! light ?r\gh\t ! room1 7 greatly admir$4 ,ano!r fav\rite picture repres5t$ a numb] ( wom5 sp9n+ & gossip+1 highly valu$ = its tru?4 ,pl9y seems d\btful :e!r x be n b5ea? ! dignity ( pa9t+ to praise ,pyreicus1 :o lov$ to pa9t int]iors1 especially ! %ops ( tailors1 %oemak]s1 & semp/resses2 giv+ e ?+ its true nature & "*1 to a degree t attract$ mu* admiration & _m pur*as]s2 & z he delight$ 9 mak+ pictures ( ! h\ses ( ! humble classes ( m51 he lov$ also to pa9t ! animals t especially belong to !m4 ,! nickname ( ,rhyp>ographus1 0 giv5 him1 on acc\nt ( 8 skill 9 pa9t+ asses br++ vegetables & fruit to m>ket4 ,^! pictures 7 ( small size1 & v highly f9i%$1 & 7 sold = l>ge prices4 ,s]apion1 ! contempor>y ( ,pyreicus1 on ! contr>y1 pa9t$ no?+ b play-h\se sc5es1 mock ar*itecture1 & o!r ?+s ( enorm\s size1 b 0 incapable ( draw+ ei!r m5 or animals4 ,h]aclides ! ,mac$onian 0 celebrat$ z a m>9e pa9t]4 ,8 fri5d ,metrodorus1 ,i conjecture to h be5 a sc5e pa9t]1 & z he comb9$ consid]able k ( ! arts1 ) ! sci5ce requisite = a tutor to "y m51 he 0 employ$ by ,lucius ,paulus bo? to br+ up 8 sons1 & to pa9t 8 triumphs4 ,b ,i w close my acc\nt ( ! pa9t]s ( ,greece ) two names ( great] em95ce1 ,nicias & ,timoma*us1 :o liv$ 9 ! "t ( ,julius ,cs>4 ,nicias 0 an ,a!nian ( consid]able private =tune1 s t hav+ pa9t$ a picture ( ! desc5t ( ,ulysses to ! inf]nal regions1 he refus$ to sell x at a v high price to a =eign pr9ce1 & pres5t$ x to 8 native city4 ,he 0 fam\s above all = ! beauty ( 8 wom51 & ! bold relief ( 8 figures1 :i* are said to h appe>$ ready to leave ! gr\nd !y 7 pa9t$ ^u1 & to walk out ( _! frames4 ,i h m5tion$ 9 ! la/ ,essay ! subjects ( "s ( 8 pr9cipal pictures :i* 7 c>ri$ to ,rome1 & highly priz$ by ,augu/us ,cs>4 ,!re seems to h be5 ano!r pa9t] ( ! same "n#adj1 :o 0 also a sculptor & pupil ( ,praxiteles1 :o e/eem$ him highly on acc\nt ( ! exquisite f9i% ( 8 works4 ,timoma*us ( ,byzantium seems to h delight$ mo/ 9 tragic subjects1 ?\gh a picture ( 81 conta9+ excell5t portraits ( sev]al g5]ations ( "o & ! same family1 is m5tion$4 ,8 mo/ successful "w is said to h be5 a ,gorgon's head4 ,he pa9t$ ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis1 ,ore/es & ,clytmne/ra2 &1 = ,julius ,cs>1 an ,ajax & a ,m$ea4 ,! treatm5t ( ! latt] we may ga!r f ! foll[+ l9es1 by ,antiphilus1 pres]v$ 9 ! ,greek an?ology4 ,,on ,,! ,,m$ea ,,( ,,timoma*us4 ,:5 bold ,timoma*us essay$ to trace ,! s\l's emotions 9 ! v>y+ face1 ,) pati5t ?\ght1 & fai?ful h&1 he /rove ,to bl5d ) jeal\s rage mat]nal love4 ,behold ,m$ea6 ,envy mu/ confess ,9 bo? ! passions 8 complete success2 ,te>s 9 ea* ?reat--a ?reat 9 e te>2 ,! m9d ) pity w>m1 or *ill ) fe>4 ,! dread susp5se ,i praise1 ! critic cries1 ,"h all ! judgm5t1 all ! pa?os lies2 ,to /a9 ) filial blood ! guilty sc5e ,_h m>r'd ! arti/1 b became ! que5#ada4 ,i ?9k x be/ to close my acc\nt ( anci5t ,greek pa9t+ "h1 :ile x 0 /ill practis$ by great ma/]s 9 _! own l&1 n yet q enslav$4 ,f ! "t ( ,augu/us1 ,italy attract$ ! be/ arti/s ( all k9ds1 b1 z ,i h already %[n1 x 0 n "u ! ,cs>s t ! lib]al arts fl\ri%$ mo/4 ,i h n[ giv5 a sket* ( ! hi/ory ( pa9t+ & pa9t]s 9 ,greece--v imp]fect1 ,i ackn[l$ge1 b su* z ,i c collect f ! au?ors :o ei!r treat on ! subject ( pictures & arti/s1 or :o h left incid5tal rem>ks on !m1 9 su* works z h come d[n to u4 ,! fir/ ef=ts ( pa9t+ 9 ,greece appe> to h be5 z rude z we f\nd !m among ! savages ( ,polynesia4 ,! e>lie/ /eps ( art 9 ,egypt & ,etruria elude our obs]vation1 b ! nature ( ! improvem5ts attribut$ to ,eumanus ( ,a!ns1 tea* u :at !y 7 9 ,greece4 ,! art once ex]cis$1 h[ev]1 nei!r halt$ nor t>ri$4 ,x 0 sublime 9 its simplicity 9 ! h&s ( ,polygnotus & 8 cotempor>ies4 ,x s]v$ _! gods & _! c\ntry4 ,mu* improv$ 9 beauty1 b /ill grave & dignifi$1 x grew popul> 9 ! "t ( ,p>rhasius & ,zeuxis4 ,"u ,apelles & 8 foll[]s x 0 devot$ to ! graces1 revell$ 9 beauty1 & m9i/]$ to ! ref9$ pleasures ( ta/e1 r ?an z at fir/1 to ! gratification ( high] moral feel+s4 ,br\ght d[n ?us to ! common] tone ( g5]al society1 m v>i\s subjects 7 ?\ght wor?y ( x4 ,pyreicus anticipat$ ! subjects ( ! mod]n ,dut* pa9t]s1 & x %\ld seem ) k9dr$ success4 ,! natural desire = novelty1 & ! anxiety = individual di/9ction1 produc$ fire-light sc5es1 pictures ( /ill life & o!r v>ieties4 ,fa%ion1 r ?an ta/e1 became ! guide ( pur*as]s1 & x may truly be said1 t ! decl9e ( pa9t+ began ) ! ,mac$onian conque/s1 :i* alt]$ ! "* ( ! ,greeks1 &1 consequ5tly1 ( _! arts4 ,,footnotes3 #aah ,h]odotus1 ,t]psi*ore1 c4 #bb4 #aai ,! judges ( ! ,games4 #abj ,pausanias does n m5tion ! "n ( ! sculptors :o execut$ ei!r ( ! ?ree /atues ( ,alex&] :i* 7 at ,olympia4 ,"o 0 rais$ to him z conqu]or 9 t race call$ ,hem]odromos1 because a great space is run ?r\gh 9 "o day2 ano!r1 d$icat$ to him by a c]ta9 ,cor9?ian1 repres5t$ him 9 ! "* ( ! son ( ,jupit]2 & ! ?ird 0 an ,eque/rian /atue1 a votive (f]+ ( ! ,eleans4--,see ! ,li/s ( ,votive ,/atues 9 ! ,v4 & ,,vi4 ,books4 ,lysippus ( ,sicyon 0 orig9ally a copp]smi?2 aft]w>ds a pupil ( ,eupompus4 ,he ca/ _m /atues ( ,alex&]1 "o ( :i* ,n]o caus$ to be gilt1 b aft]w>ds wa%$ (f ! gold4 ,a l>ge composition1 repres5t+ ,alex&] hunt+ ) 8 horses & dogs1 0 d$icat$ 9 ! temple ( ,apollo at ,delphi2 & ,lysippus execut$ _m o!r /atues ( ,alex&]1 & ( 8 fri5ds1 especially ,heph/ion1 :i* 7 plac$ 9 v>i\s temples z complim5ts to ! conqu]or4 ,pyrgoteles 0 ( all ! ,greeks ! mo/ r5[n$ engrav] ( gems4 #aba ,x 0 unlawful to tea* a slave pa9t+1 engrav+1 or emboss+4--7,pl9y1 b4 xxxv4 #aj47 #abb ,box tablets1 prop]ly prep>$1 7 us$ = ^! diagraphice4 ,9 a future essay ,i propose to comp>e ^! ) ! tablets us$ by ! s*ool ( ,giotto1 ( :i* we h a m9ute acc\nt 9 ,c5n9o ,c5n9i's curi\s "w4 #abc ,x appe>s t ,pamphilus w\ld n und]take to in/ruct a pupil = a less t]m ( ye>s4 #abd ,if ! tal5t be rightly comput$ at #aicl4 #aes41 ! pay1 9 ! fir/ case1 is enorm\s2 9 ! la/ v small4 #abe ,dr4 ,frankl91 ! translator ( ,lucian1 )\t cit+ any au?ority1 says1 !re 0 a second ,apelles1 & t ! ,apelles ( ,alex&] & ! ,apelles ( ,ptolemy 7 diff]5t p]sons4 ,x is evid5t t ,lucian himself meant ! great ,apelles4 ,& ! picture ( ,calumny has always be5 ascrib$ to him2 ,i _c f9d any m5tion else:]e ( a second4 #abf ,9 ,lilly's pleas+ play ( ,alex&] & ,campaspe !re is s pretty a song put into ! m\? ( ,apelles t ,i _c help copy+ x4 8,cupid & my ,campaspe play$ ,at c>ds = kisses1 ,cupid paid2 ,he /akes 8 quiv]1 b[1 & arr[s2 ,8 "m's doves1 & team ( sp>r[s2 ,loses !m too2 !n d[n he ?r[s ,! coral ( 8 lip1 ! rose ,gr[+ on 's *eek 7b none kn[s h[71 ,) ^! ! cry/al ( 8 br[1 ,& !n ! dimple ( 8 *92 ,all ^! did my ,campaspe w94 ,at la/ he set h] bo? 8 eyes1 ,%e won1 & ,cupid bl9d did rise4 ,o1 ,love6 has %e done ?is to !e8 ,:at %all1 alas6 become ( me80 #abg ,lucian's description ( ! ,calumny is z foll[s3 8,on ! "r h& side sits a man ) e>s almo/ z long z ,midas's1 /ret*+ =? 8 h& t[>ds ! figure ( ,calumny1 :o appe>s at a di/ance com+ up to him2 he is att5d$ by two wom51 :o1 ,i imag9e1 repres5t ,ignorance & ,suspicion4 ,f ! o!r side approa*es ,calumny1 9 ! =m ( a woman1 to ! la/ degree beautiful1 b seem+ w>m$ & inflam$1 z full ( ang] & res5tm5t2 be>+ a light$ tor* 9 h] left h&1 & ) h] "r dragg+ by ! hair ( 8 head a "y man1 :o lifts up 8 eyes to ,heav51 z call+ ! gods to witness 8 innoc5ce4 ,be=e h] /&s a pale ugly figure1 ) %>p eyes1 & emaciat$1 l "o worn d[n ) disease1 :i* we easily p]ceive is meant = ,envy2 & beh9d are two wom51 :o seem to be employ$ 9 dress+1 adorn+1 & assi/+ h]1 "o ( :om1 z my int]pret] in=m$ me1 0 ,trea*]y1 & ! o!r ,deceit2 at "s di/ance1 9 ! back "p ( ! picture1 /&s a woman 9 a m\rn+ habit1 all torn & ragg$1 :i* we 7 told repres5t$ ,p5it5ce2 z %e turn$ h] eyes back %e blu%$ & wept at ! sight ( ,tru?1 :o 0 approa*+ t[>ds h]40 ,x is evid5t t ,botticelli fir/1 & aft]w>ds ,raffaelle1 foll[$ ?is acc\nt ( ,lucian4 ,alb]t ,dur] also1 9 8 decorative picture1 on ! walls ( ! t[n hall at ,neuremb\rg1 drew f ! same s\rce4 ,lucian says t ,apelles _h be5 held 9 e/eem by ,ptolemy1 until ! rivals ( ,apelles made ! k+ believe t he _h conspir$ at ,tyre1 ) "o ,!odotus1 aga9/ him1 & t ! defection ( ,tyre & ! loss ( ,pelusium 7 ow+ to ! advice ( ,apelles4 ,n[ no?+ c\ld be m false1 ,apelles nev] 0 at ,tyre4 ,b ,ptolemy1 )\t consid]+ ?is1 0 ab\t to ord] him to be behead$4 ,aft]w>ds1 :5 conv9c$ ( 8 innoc5ce1 he is said to h giv5 him a hundr$ tal5ts1 & likewise 8 accus] = a slave4 #abh ,! antique vulg> 0 no m exempt f ! love ( ! m>vell\s r ?an ! beautiful1 ?an ! mod]n4 ,:5 ! pannel on :i* ! rival l9es 7 drawn1 0 aft]w>ds c>ri$ to ,rome1 x attract$ m visitors ?an ! f9e/ works ( art :i* hung along ) x 9 ! palace ( ! ,cs>s1 :]e !y & x 7 burn$ 9 "o ( ^? calamit\s fires :i* de/roy$ ! *oice/ libr>ies ( ,rome1 z well z ! mo/ preci\s works ( art1 collect$ f ! conqu]$ c\ntries4 #abi ,if ^! 7 ,attic tal5ts1 ! sum 0 #ifhgl4 #ajs41 c]ta9ly a prodigi\s sum = "o pa9t] to exp5d ^u ! works ( ano!r4 #acj ,! /ory is repeat$ & appli$ to sev]al o!r pa9t]s 9 _! horses & dogs2 b ,i believe ,protog5es has ! prior claim1 & x seems 8 fri5d ,nealces 0 8 fir/ imitator4 ,he da%$ 8 sponge at a horse's mon?1 & produc$ foam 9 imitation ( t ( ,protog5es' dog4 #aca ,see ,essay ,,ii4 ,?is practice ( defac+ anci5t pictures cont9ues ev5 to our own times4 ,dur+ ! civil w>s 9 ,engl& x 0 v notori\s4 ,canova kept two faces = ! sitt+ /atue ( ,m>ia ,l\isa1 "o = h] family1 & "o = ! _w ( ta/e4 ,! mod]n *anges are g5]ally conf9$ to pr9ts ( ! h]oes ( ! day1 ^: faces1 l _! names1 drive "o ano!r out ( ! m>ket4 #acb ,?is /ory is a *>ge ^u ! ,grapes ( ,zeuxis1 & furni%$ ! ,fr5* ) ! h9t = t ( ! ass attempt+ to eat "s ?i/les1 9 a picture ( ,le ,sueur1 or ,le ,brun1 ,i =get :i*4 #acc ,! m>9]1 :5 /orms ar\nd him rise1 ,no long] on a pa9t$ /]n relies4 ,,francis' ,,horace1 ,b4 ,i4 ,,ode #ad4 #acd ,^! ,magi/rates *iefly sup]9t5d$ ! police ( ,a!ns4 #ace ,p>]ga4 ,?is bord]+ rema9$ 9 use among ! ,greek pa9t]s till ! revival ( art4 ,!re is1 9 ! collection ( ! ,belle ,arti1 at ,flor5ce1 a ,greek picture ( ,m>y ,magdal5e1 ! p>]ga ( :i* is made up ( small gr\ps1 repres5t+ h] hi/ory1 f ! rais+ ( ,laz>us to h] dea?4 ,among ! e>ly ,flem+ or ,burgundian pa9t]s1 ! ,van ,eyks foll[$ ?is practice ) good effect1 & ! e>li] m9iature pa9t]s1 9 ! bord]s ( ! pages ( _! missals1 did ! same4 #acf ,"s mod]n writ]s h ?\ght t a picture ( %ipp+ 0 b5ea? ! dignity ( ! ,portico ( ,m9]va2 & h lab\r$ h>d to prove t ,p>alus 0 a h]o2 ,hemionis a h]o9e4 ,b ,p>alus inv5t$ long %ips1 & ! ,a!nians nam$ _! fav\rite galley1 :i* 0 a trireme1 aft] him4 ,hemionis is ano!r "n = ,nausicaa1 a sea nymph1 or ! daught] ( a sea k+4 ,! vessel nam$ aft] h] 0 a long %ip1 a trireme also2 & z ! vessels ( w> ( ,a!ns 7 sacr$ to ,m9]va1 :at c\ld be a m appropriate ornam5t = h] portico1 ?an a picture ( %ips8 ,! triremes ,p>alus & ,salam9a are m5tion$ by ,?ucydides1 9 8 #crd book1 z p]=m+ an em95t s]vice to ,a!ns1 9 ! ,lac$monian w>4 ,x seems t ,p>alus1 or ,p>alia1 0 ! "n ( ! vessel t br\ght ! news ( ! defeat ( gospotamos to ,a!ns4 ,s mu* = ! op9ion t ,p>alus may be a h]o1 b _c be a %ip4 #acg ,see ,essay ,,ii4 #ach ,see ,greek ,an?ology4 #aci ,?is picture 0 call$ ,/ephanopolis1 ! fl[] sell]1 & 0 b\ght at ,a!ns by ,lucullus1 = two tal5ts ( silv]1 #chg4 #ajs4 ,:oev] has se5 ! beautiful picture call$ ,titian's ,flora1 9 ! ,flor5ce ,gall]y1 mu/ be rem9d$ ( x :ile read+ ( ! g>l& mak] ( ,pausias4 #adj ,"s ?9k !y 7 ! same2 b !re seems to h be5 an old] ,nicias ?an ei!r4 ,p]haps a ,?racian1 or a ,mac$onian4 ,omphalion1 :o 0 employ$ by ! ,mess5ians to pa9t a long s]ies ( suppos$ portraits ( _! anci5t k+s 9 ! temple ( sculapius1 at ,mess5e1 0 ! pupil ( a ,nicias1 ,i suppose ( ,nicias ( ,a!ns4 ,pausanias ,mess5ics1 *4 #ba4 #ada ,9 ,lucian's ,dialogue ( ! ,encomium ( a ,h\se1 !re is a description ( ?is picture1 9 :i* he says1 8! little ones1 unconsci\s ( _! fate1 sit ) smil+ c\nt5ances1 & :il/ !y see h] hold+ ! sword ov] !m1 seem pleas$ & happy40 ,frankl9's ,lucian4 ,b surely if !y saw _! "m br&i%+ a sword or dagg] ov] !m1 h] aspect mu/ h fright5$ !m4 ,,essay ,v4 ,,( ,,! ,,classification ,,( ,,pictures4 ,! m g5]al any ^w is 9 its signification1 x is ! m liable to be abus$ by an improp] or unmean+ application4 ,a v g5]al t]m is applicable alike to a multitude ( diff]5t individuals1 a p>ticul> t]m is applicable b to a few4 ,! latitude ( a ^w1 ?\gh diff]5t f its ambiguity1 ha? (t5 a simil> effect4 ,,campbell4 ,philosophy ( ,rhetoric4 ,x w be useful to pause a little1 betwe5 ! hi/oric sket* ,i h already made ( antique pa9t+1 & t :i* is to foll[1 ( ! entire decay1 & fir/ fa9t revival ( ! ,art2 & to consid] :at bran*es ( pa9t+ _h be5 *iefly cultivat$ by ! anci5ts1 & :e!r ! ord9>y classification ( pictures c be satisfactorily appli$ to _! works1 or ev5 correctly to ! productions ( mod]n pa9t]s4 ,x w n be un9t]e/+ ei!r1 to consid] ! mat]ials & col\rs us$ by ! anci5t arti/s1 z comp>$ ) ^? kn[n to ! mod]ns4 ,i h already %[n ! probable orig9 ( pa9t+1 its e>lie/ application to ! s]vice ( religion1 & its use z a me?od ( record+ ev5ts among "s nations1 be=e ! inv5tion ( alphabetical writ+4 ,:ile x 0 conf9$ *iefly to ! latt] purpose1 x rema9$ fix$1 & incapable ( improvem5t2 b z soon z alphabetical writ+ 0 ei!r inv5t$ or adopt$ 9 any c\ntry1 ! imitative arts became free1 & improv$ 9 feel+1 _s1 & expression1 z well z 9 execution4 ,:ile ! ,grecian /ates & cities 7 /ruggl+ = national indep5d5ce & civil fre$om1 ! arts ma9ta9$ a sev]e & almo/ awful "*1 devot$ exclusively to religion & patriotism4 ,b ^? great objects once atta9$1 society became m poli%$2 a l>g] space 0 allott$ to ! ex]cise ( ! imag9ation4 ,v>i\s sects ( ,philosoph]s sprang up3 a new race ( ,poets arose2 & ! arts los+ "p ( _! gr&eur ) _! au/]ity1 began to p>take ( ! bl&i%m5ts ( ^? luxuri\s times1 t succe$$ to ! great political /ruggles ( ! c\ntry4 ,pa9t+ 0 capable ( assi/+ ! task ( ! moral tea*]s1 by h] p[] ( express+ passion4 ,%e illu/rat$ ! dreams ( ! poets ) graceful compositions1 =m$ no less ( imag9>y be+s ?an ( real p]sonages2 &1 = a long p]iod1 ! ,virtues & ! ,graces equally presid$ ov] ! pa9t]'s /udy4 ,b x 0 natural t1 9 ! great div]sity ( ta/es1 "s %\ld seek aft] ! m]e ornam5t t ! arts c\ld furni%4 ,h5ce ! m9or walks ( pa9t+ began to be cultivat$ ap>t f ! great]4 ,& some?+ 0 f\nd to gratify e spectator 9 ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( ?is en*ant+ art4 ,x has be5 ! cu/om to di/ribute all ! v>i\s works ( art into ?ree or f\r classes1 ea* compreh5d+ a mo/ incongru\s v>iety#adb4 ,! fir/ place is always all[$ to ,,hi/oric ,,pa9t+1 :i*1 z n[ und]/ood1 means ev]y?+ t is n portrait1 or dome/ic sc5]y1 or l&scape1 or fl[]s1 or c>icature1 f ! ,la/ ,judgm5t ( ,mi*ael ,angelo1 d[n to a sleep+ nymph1 or a weep+ ,magdal5e#adc4 ,,portrait comes next1 & ev5 ^? :o h se5 ,giulio ,,ii4 are n a%am$ to place 9 ! same class1 ! ,"l ,h5rys & ,lady ,janes1 ,les ,b>ons de ,t41 or ,les ,comtesses de ,v41 t annually adorn ! walls ( ! ,london & ,p>is exhibitions4 ,) ! ,,famili> ,,life class1 z n[ und]/ood1 ,i d n qu>rel2 if ! ,dut* & ,flem+s1 two c5turies ago1 f> exce$$ all we d 9 execution1 we mod]ns are mu* above !m 9 s5se & feel+2 9 hav+ a /ory to tell & tell+ x well4 ,besides1 ! words famili> life admit at once e v>iety ( subject1 f g5teel com$y to broad f>ce4 ,x appe>s to h be5 cultivat$ ) "s success by ! anci5ts4 ,b ! ,,l&scape class6 ,surely x is /range to put ! ,en*ant$ ,ca/le ( ,claude1 & ! ,deluge ( ,p\ss91 toge!r ) views on ,h\nsl[ ,hea?1 & sc5es 9 ! ,wat]loo tea g>d5s6 ,l&scape pa9t+1 inde$1 seems to be a mod]n art1 z consid]$ by itself2 ?\gh x mu/ h be5 practis$ = ! sake ( backgr\nds by ! anci5ts1 z ,i %all h occasion to notice4 ,x has pleas$ ! writ]s ^u pa9t+ to make a class ap>t ( ,,animal ,,pa9t+1 & to consid] ! class z an inf]ior "o4 ,x is "r to sep>ate x3 b ! inf]iority w sc>cely be all[$ by ^? :o "k ! works ( ,rub5s & ,snyd]s4 ,at any rate1 ! anci5ts did n consid] x mean1 by _! praise ( ! animals ( ,nicias & ,pausias g5]ally1 ( ! horses ( ,apelles1 & ! dogs ( ,protog5es1 9 p>ticul>4 ,9 ,,fruit1 & ,,fl[]s1 & ,,/ill ,,life1 we h aga9 ! anci5ts to support u4 ,h[ lovely 7 ! fre% fl[]s 9 ! ,/ephanopolis ( ,pausias6 ,!n ! grapes ( ,zeuxis1 & ! curta9 ( ,p>rhasius1 h[ exquisitely f9i%$6 ,z to ! del9eations ( animals1 plants1 m9]als1 c41 = ! purposes ( natural hi/ory1 !y mu/ be consid]$ z comb9+ ! orig9al uses ( ! graphic art2 namely1 hi/ory writ+1 ) ! practical improvem5t ( mod]n times2 & ,i %all n make any fur!r m5tion ( !m#add4 ,x is evid5t t ?is classification is z absurd & inconv5i5t1 z x w\ld be 9 poetry to place "u ! same head1 ,hom]'s ,iliad & ! ballad ( ,col9 & ,lucy1 because bo? tell a /ory4 ,if1 h[ev]1 9 con=mity ) long usage1 we mu/ pres]ve ^! classes1 !y ought to be subdivid$1 s z to dispose works really ( ! same ord] ap>t f ! masses 9 :i* !y are n[ conf\nd$4 ,i am aw>e t1 h[ev] decid$ ! di/9ction may be betwe5 ! great works t mu/ =m ! example = ea* subdivision1 x w be difficult to keep ! limits s cle>1 t ! exact place ( any p>ticul> "w may be kn[n & fix$ at once2 b t is surely a small evil comp>$ ) ! pres5t confusion4 ,! class ,,hi/ory1 has be5 felt to be s indef9ite1 t "s ( ! be/ writ]s on art h tacitly divid$ x into ! /rictly ,hi/orical & ! ,dramatic#ade4 ,z f> z x goes1 ! division is excell5t2 b x /ill leaves su* masses to be sep>at$1 t ,i _c b wi% = f>!r di/9ctions4 ,= in/ance1 ,i %\ld wi% n to place 9 ! same class1 ! tak+ ( ,troy by ,polygnotus1 ! sacrifice ( ,iphig5ia 9 ,aulis by ,timan!s1 & ! s+le figure ( ,ajax by ,apollodorus1 b to all[ ea* ( ^? to be ! example ( a sep>ate division2 & q ap>t f ^?1 ,i %\ld wi% to place all allegorical & didactic subjects1 z well z ^? 9 :i* ! ma*9]y ( sup]ior or inf]ior natures is introduc$4 ,?us1 ^? subjects n[ clumsily ?r[n toge!r1 "u ! "n ( ,,hi/ory1 w\ld come naturally to =m f\r di/9ct classes1 ea* ( :i* ought1 9 /rictness1 to be aga9 brok5 into subdivisions4 ,! f\r classes ,i %\ld propose to call1 #a/4 ,,e?ic or ,,didactic4 #bnd4 ,,epic4 #crd4 ,,hi/orical4 #d?4 ,,dramatic4 ,ea* ( ^! w admit ( f>!r subdivision4 ,! ,e?ical subjects %\ld be di/ribut$ into-- ,! ,,purely ,,didactic2 ,! ,,emblematic2 ,& ,,satire1 or ! ,,high] ,,c>icature4 ,( ! ,,epic class ,i %\ld make b two great divisions1 ea*1 h[ev]1 capable ( v m>k$ p>tition4 #a/4 ,! ,,*ri/ian ,,religi\s ,,subjects4 #bnd4 ,! ,,antique ,,my?ological ,,subjects1 :e!r pa9t$ by anci5ts or mod]ns4 #a/4 ,! ,,*ri/ian division dep5d+ ^u ! introduction ( ,sa9ts1 ,angels1 & ev5 m awful natures1 b n compreh5d+ ,*ri/ :ile on e>?4 #bnd4 ,! ,,antique ^u ! introduction ( ! deifi$ h]oes & gods ( ,paganism4 ,! really ,,hi/orical class ( pictures may be divid$ into ^? 9 :i* a :ole hi/ory is treat$ 9 a s+le picture4 ,^? 9 :i* a hi/ory is treat$ 9 a s]ies ( pictures4 ,^? 9 :i* a s+le po9t ( hi/ory =ms ! picture4 ,! ,,dramatic class might compreh5d ! famili> life subjects2 b ,i h ?\ght x bett] to leave ^? z !y h hi!rto /ood1 by !mselves2 & to reckon only 9 ?is class ,! s+le actions ( high] trag$y3 ,s+le actions ( a mix$ "*4 ,9 ,,portrait pa9t+ x w be readily all[$ t !re are /rongly m>k$ di/9ctions betwe5 ,! ,,hi/orical ,,portrait2 ,! ,,sc5ic ,,portrait subjects2 ,& ,portraits ( common *>act]s4 ,! ,,famili> ,,life class naturally divides into1 ,grave ,com$y2 ,light ,com$y1 or ,f>ce4 ,( ,l&scape1 ! di/9ct v>ieties are1 ,! ,,epic ,,l&scape2 ,! ,,hi/oric ,,l&scape2 ,! ,imag9>y1 or ,,poetic ,,l&scape2 ,& ! m]e ,,portrait ,,l&scape4 ,animal pa9t]s h naturally made two classes3 ,! ,dramatic2 ,& ! m]e ,portrait4 ,( ea* ( ^! subdivisions1 ,i w po9t out specim5s1 :i* ,i hope w support :at ,i h said z to ! propriety ( a m precise classification ?an has hi!rto be5 adopt$4 ,n t ,i mean to make a catalogue = e class1 ?\gh ,i believe su* a ?+ w\ld h its use4 ,! difficulty ( mak+ su* a catalogue w\ld be v great1 because ! subjects s (t5 =ce ! pa9t] into a great] degree ( relation ) neighb\r+ classes ?an c be reconcil$ ) any ?+ l a /rict classification4 ,,( ,,! ,,e?ic ,,class4 ,at ! head ( ! fir/1 or purely didactic division ( ?is class1 ,i %all place ! picture1 or 8,table ( ,cebes10 z x is commonly call$4 ,! picture may h be5 pa9t$1 or x may h exi/$ only 9 ! imag9ation ( t amiable disciple ( ,socrates4 ,9 ei!r case 8 description %[s ! importance :i* 0 atta*$ to pa9t+ by ! anci5ts z an in/rum5t ( public in/ruction#adf4 ,he says !re 0 a picture hung 9 a c]ta9 temple1 & t "o ( ! p]sons atta*$ to ! temple 0 always at h& to exhibit x to visit]s1 & to expla9 its mean+2 & he gives ! dialogue betwe5 ! exhibitor & a visit] at l5g?1 t he may introduce a description ( ! :ole composition1 z well z an acc\nt ( ! moral end ( ! picture4 ,! action repres5t$ is ,human ,life z a :ole2 & ! p>ts are ! vicissitudes to :i* x is subject4 ,! gr\nd-"w ( ! table seems to h be5 a l&scape 9 v>i\s p>ts1 ( :i* ! diff]5t situations occur mo/ prop] = ! purpose ( ! pa9t]4 ,! l&scape is subdivid$ into sep>ate enclosures1 at ! fir/ gate ( :i* is plac$ ! ,g5ius ( ,human ,life1 u%]+ 9 ^? :o are ab\t to beg9 _! pilgrimage4 ,!y fir/ meet ^u _! road ) ,deception1 :o (f]s !m ! ,cup ( ,error & ( ,ignorance2 !n come ,op9ions1 & ,appetites1 & ,pleasures to delude !m4 ,! next great object 9 ! picture is ,=tune1 :o1 ) h] foll[]s1 occupies a consid]able space1 ne> :i* are ! ,vices1 :o naturally lead to ! d5 ( ,puni%m5t1 :]e !y meet ) ,sorr[1 ,angui%1 ,lam5tation1 & ,despair4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 happily rea* ! dwell+ ( ,rep5tance1 & !nce set =? to seek ,education4 ,"h aga9 "s g a/ray & entangle !mselves ) ,false ,education1 by :om !y are once m betray$ to ! ,passions & to wrong ,op9ions2 b ! ,happy1 by ! assi/ance ( ,self ,comm& & ,p]sev]ance1 rea* ! mansion ( ,true ,education1 :om !y f9d ) h] daught]s1 ,tru? & ,p]suasion4 ,^! introduce !m to ,k & ! ,virtues1 :o conduct !m to ! palace ( _! "m1 ,happ9ess1 by :om !y are cr[n$ z victors 9 ! race ( life4 ,! ,calumny ( ,apelles1 ( :i* ,i h copi$ ,lucian's description 9 a note to a =m] essay1 is ano!r example ( ?is k9d ( pa9t+ among ! anci5ts4 ,i %all cite "o mod]n fresco "w1 n[ ne>ly effac$ f ! walls ^u :i* x 0 pa9t$ by ,lor5zetti1 "o ( ! e>lie/ re/or]s ( pa9t+ 9 ! f\rte5? c5tury4 ,9 ! palace ( gov]nm5t1 9 ! city ( ,si5na1 ?is rem>kable picture is /ill to be trac$4 ,9 ! "t ( ! fre$om ( ! city1 ! magi/rates c\ld n g daily to _! public duties )\t pass+ ?r\gh ! hall :]e x 0 pa9t$1 to rem9d !m ( ! bless+s ( peace & good gov]nm5t1 & ! curse ( w> & misrule4 ,! "p t is suffici5tly pres]v$ = ! design to be intelligible1 is imm$iately opposite ! w9d[4 ,9 ! c5tre1 ! ,almighty ,rul] sits1 hold+ a globe2 ov] 8 head are ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity2 on 8 left h& are ,magnanimity & ,ju/ice2 on 8 "r1 ,prud5ce1 ,=titude1 & ,peace1 ea* ) h] sev]al attributes4 ,beyond ,peace1 sits ,dilig5ce2 above :om is ,wisdom4 ,two scales hang1 "o on ea* side ( ,dilig5ce1 f :i* angels are di/ribut+ ri*es & hon\r to ! foll[]s ( ,dilig5ce & ,wisdom4 ,on ! side :]e ,ju/ice & ,magnanimity are plac$1 en\gh ( ! design rema9s to %[ ! puni%m5t ( ,crime--! absolv+ ( ,innoc5ce1 & g5]\s =giv5ess :]e l5ity is possible4 ,bel[ ^! figures a procession ( ! citiz5s ( ,si5na appe>s to be mov+ t[>ds ! ,almighty ,rul] & ,protector ( _! /ate4 ,^u ! wall to ! left are trac$ ! effects ( good gov]nm5t & public security2 on "o side cultivat$ fields1 ) a busy & *e]ful peasantry1 & h>d by1 a fl\ri%+ city1 ) p]sons engag$ 9 trade & comm]ce1 & o!r occupations ( peace4 ,! re/ ( ! wall is fill$ up ) *e]ful l&scape1 9 v>i\s p>ts ( :i* ! social amusem5ts ( danc+1 hawk+1 rid+1 c41 are enjoy$4 ,! opposite wall did conta9 a repres5tation ( all ! evils ( bad gov]nm5t1 ,va9 ,glory1 ,w>1 ,fam9e1 ,begg>y1 & ,cruelty#adg4 ,! second division ( ! ,e?ical class ( pictures comprises emblems & allegories4 ,i h already m5tion$ two rem>kable emblematical pictures ( ! anci5ts3 ! ,demos ( ,a!ns by ,p>rhasius1 & ,euphranor's popul> e/ate4 ,to ^! ,i w add ! allegories ( ! %ield ( ,a*illes1 & ! emblems s beautifully imag9$ on m$als1 co9s1 & gems1 besides ! innum]able pictures *iefly ^u vases ref]r+ to ! my/]ies ( ! ,pagan wor%ip1 p>ticul>ly z connect$ ) ! passage ( ! s\l f ?is life1 ?r\gh dea?1 to ano!r4 ,! mod]n pa9t]s h also dealt l>gely 9 allegory4 ,n to g f>!r back among ,*ri/ian pa9t]s ?an ,giotto1 8 m>riage ( ,/4 ,francis ) ,pov]ty at ,assisi is a /rik+ example2 & s are ! figures ( ! ,virtues & ,vices1 s beautifully design$ by him 9 ! *apel ( ! ,nunziata dell' ,ar5a1 at ,padua4 ,b pass+ ov] innum]able pictures ( ! k9d1 ,i w g at once to ! ,si/9e ,*apel1 :]e ,mi*ael ,angelo's ,prophets & ,sybils dem&1 at ! fir/ view1 a class ap>t f ord9>y hi/orical subjects1 &1 z mod]ns1 to /& at ! head ( t class4 ,!n foll[ ,prophets & ,sybils by ,raffaelle2 ,p]uzzi's all b sublime ,sybil at ,si5na1 & a ?\s& m1 among :i* ! ,allegories ( ,rub5s claim a di/+ui%$ place#adh2 n1 inde$1 = ref9em5t ( ?\ght1 b = skill 9 composition4 ,! ?ird division into :i* ,i desire to break ! class ( ,e?ical pictures compreh5ds ! high] c>icature4 ,! anci5ts c]ta9ly practis$ ?is species ( pa9t+1 b ,i d n "k t ! description ( any has be5 pres]v$4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 9 ,=tefiocca's life ( ,cola di ,ri5zi a v rem>kable acc\nt ( "s :i* t extraord9>y man caus$ to be pa9t$1 9 ord] to /ir up ! ,romans ( 8 "t to a s5se ( _! degradation#adi4 ,"o 0 pa9t$ ^u ! wall ( ! palace ( ! ,capitol1 look+ t[>ds ! ,=um2 ! o!r ne> ,/4 ,angelo4 ,9 bo?1 ! nobles & magi/rates ( ,rome 7 treat$ ) bitt] satire1 & ! city & commonweal? repres5t$ z 9 ! l[e/ /ate ( mis]y4 ,! effect ^! c>icatures _h ^u ! p may be read 9 ! orig9al life ( ,ri5zi1 writt5 9 ! v]nacul> idiom ( ,rome 9 8 own "t4 ,x w\ld be mo/ unju/ n to consid]1 z preem95t 9 ?is walk ( art1 ,hog>?1 ^: satirical p5cil 0 employ$ 9 ! *a/isem5t ( vice1 & ! promotion ( virtue4 ,8 works are a s*ool 9 !mselves2 & are z f> remov$1 z a 8greate/ is f lea/10 f ! mean & fil?y c>icatures t libel private life1 & f ! evanesc5t exagg]ations ( political squibs4 ,,epic ,,pictures4 ,! examples = ! fir/ division ( ?is class1 conta9+ sup]natural ag5ts ( a ,*ri/ian "*1 mu/1 ( c\rse1 be tak5 exclusively f mod]n works4 ,fir/ ( ^!1 ! ,la/ ,judgm5t ( ,mi*ael ,angelo w occur to e imag9ation4 ,) x ,i w "n a "w t he himself look$ ^u ) ! highe/ admiration2 ! *apel1 pa9t$ by ,luca ,signorelli1 at ,orvieto1 _m ( ! figures ( :i* 7 adopt$ by ,buon>otti himself1 :o1 p]haps sc>cely ev] surpass$ 9 expression ! gr\p ( blasphem]s /ruck by ! ?und]bolt#aea4 ,nor c ,i omit ,raffaelle's ,heliodorus 9 ! ,temple3 ^! are in/ances ( ! t]rible 9 ?is class4 ,( t sublime1 ! key to :i* is /illness#aeb1 ,raffaelle's dispute ( ! ,sacram5t is ! mo/ p]fect example4 ,?\gh 9 ! ,spani% ,*apt]-,h\se ( ,/4 ,m>ia ,novella1 9 ,flor5ce1 t eld] pa9t]1 ,taddeo ,gaddi1 9 a subject ( ! same k9d1 has 9 "o or two figures rea*$ ! gr& & ! awful4 ,to ! ,*ri/ian division ( ! ,epic class also belong all ^? magnific5t pictures :i* repres5t ! ,asc5sion ( ,*ri/1 ! ,assumption ( ! ,virg91 ! ,m>tyrdoms & ! ,miracles ( ,sa9ts1 ) _! sup]natural appe>ances1 & also _m ( ! subjects tak5 f ! ,old ,te/am5t4 ,mi*ael ,angelo's ,creator1 9 ! sev]al acts ( call+ light out ( d>kness1 & endu+ man ) life2 & ! o!r great conceptions 9 ! ro( ( ! ,si/9e *apel1 occupy ! fir/ rank among ^! works ( g5ius4 ,raffaelle's ,vision ( ,ezekiel is conceiv$ 9 ! same _s1 & 8 ,madonna ( ,san ,si/o#aec1 9 my m9d1 f> exce$s all o!r ,madonnas 9 glory1 ?\gh ! place is a high "o1 :i* may ju/ly be claim$ = ,titian's ,assumption#aed4 ,! same pa9t]'s ,pet] ,m>tyr#aee1 ,dom5i*9o's ,sa9t ,j]ome#aef1 ,francia's ,sa9t ,seba/ian#aeg1 may be nam$ z "s ( ! mo/ important works :i* =m ?is gr& & v di/9ct division ( ! ,epic class ( pictures2 x also compreh5ds ,raffaelle's lovely ,madonna del ,pesce#aeh1 ,*ri/'s ,agony 9 ! ,g>d5 by ,correggio#aei1 & all ^? pictures :]e angelic natures are introduc$4 ,( examples = ! second division1 ! be/ & greate/1 z f> z we may judge f description1 7 ! works ( ,polygnotus4 ,:5 he introduc$ ! tutel>y deity & protect+ h]oes ( ,a!ns into ! battle ( ,m>a?on1 he 0 inspir$ by ! same g5ius t l$ ,raffaelle 9 ! ,/anze to s5d =? ,sa9t ,pet] & ,sa9t ,paul to turn back ! ho/ ( b>b>ians f ,rome4 ,! desc5t ( ,ulysses to ! k+dom ( ,pluto1 is ano!r example ( :i* ,i h already spok54 ,! ,w>s ) ! ,giants ( ,mycon1 & "s o!r arti/s1 & all subjects ( apo!osis belong to ?is class4 ,i _c cite ! ,w>s ( ! ,giants by ,julio ,romano1 9 ,mantua1 z a successful example ( a mod]n r5d]+ ( ! subject4 ,&1 9 tru?1 aft] ! ,pagan gods ceas$ to be objects ( devotion1 ! ,greek & ,roman my?ologies 7 ( inf9itely too gay a "* to inspire a pa9t] ) any b ! mo/ jocund & graceful compositions4 ,! ,p>nassus ( ,raffaelle1 & 8 ,psy*e ( ! ,f>nes9a#afj1 are *>m+ examples ( ?is4 ,b ^! %\ld =m ! *ief ( a v delightful class ( pictures :i* _c ju/ly be call$ ,epic1 b :i* h fully z little title to _! old "n ( hi/orical pictures4 ,reynolds call$ 8 exquisite pictures ( *ildr51 fancy subjects4 ,b ! t]m ,,fancy1 9 ?is s5se is gr[n1 v undes]v$ly1 z ,i ?9k1 into disrepute2 or ,i %\ld say x w\ld designate p]fectly ! pictures ,i am n[ seek+ a "n =4 ,among !m are ,titian's :ole families ( ,dianas & ,v5uses1 ( ,loves & ,graces2 ! rival ,auroras ( ,guido & ,gu]c9o2 ,paulo ,v]onese's & ,lu9i's ,europas2 ,annibale ,c>acci's ,f>nese2 ,p\ss9's classical compositions1 & "s o!rs :i* seem to des]ve a place v ne> ! ,v5us ,anadyom5e ( ,apelles & ,zeuxis' ,hel54 ,i am aw>e t ,i am n adh]+ /rictly to my own classification1 b ,i h n ! presumption to propose an absolute rule4 ,t mu/ be = "s "o :o1 ) ! au?ority ( a critic & an arti/1 c comm& att5tion & rev]5ce en\gh to en=ce a new arrangem5t4 ,i mu/ !re=e be cont5t to leave ! ,,fancies z an app5dix to ! my?ological division ( ! epic class1 & proce$ to cite examples ( ! ?ree great bran*es ( legitimate hi/orical pictures4 ,,hi/orical ,,pictures4 ,"h ,i "k t 9 ! v outset ,i %all %ock all ! /ickl]s = ! unities2 = my v fir/ section mu/ consi/ ( :ole hi/ories repres5t$ 9 ! same picture2 admitt+ n only a v>iety ( actions belong+ to ! hi/ory1 b ev5 a repetition ( ! p]sons engag$ 9 x :5 x is ess5tial1 or ev5 :5 x is conv5i5t = ! n>rative4 ,! second section conta9s ^? hi/ories :i* are relat$ 9 a s]ies ( compositions1 ea* =m+ a :ole 9 itself1 ?\gh belong+ to a cycle4 ,& ! ?ird section includes ^? works 9 :i* a s+le po9t 9 hi/ory makes ! picture4 ,fir/ ( ! fir/ section1 ,i mu/ "n ! tak+ ( ,troy by ,polygnotus1 pa9t$ 9 fresco on ! walls ( ! ,les*e1 at ,delphi4 ,! description ,i h already giv5 aft] ,pausanias r5d]s any fur!r acc\nt ( x unnecess>y4 ,! next example ,i %all cite is ( ! highe/ "* & ( ! highe/ au?ority4 ,x is ! mo/ glori\s ju/ification ( ! brea* ( ! cold rules ( critics1 & %[s t 9 "s cases to abide by ! unities w\ld de/roy ! _s & sublimity ( ! "w4 ,i speak n[ ( ! transgression & *a/isem5t ( man 9 ! ro( ( ! ,si/9e *apel1 by ,mi*ael ,angelo4 ,9 t composition !re are n only two p>ts ( ! same hi/ory told 9 ! same picture1 b ! pr9cipal figures !mselves are repeat$ ) equal =ce2 & r5d]$1 z to ! picture1 ( equal importance4 ,& 9 :at o!r way c\ld ! crime & its puni%m5t h be5 s closely1 s awfully connect$8 ,x is impossible to g into t *apel )\t feel+ t ! pictures !re are =m$ to make ! rule = art1 n to receive x2 & t ! folly ( conf9+ g5ius by ! flimsy laws ( ord9>y criticism1 is only equall$ by t ( ! tyrant ( old1 :o is report$ to h pav$ ! b$ ( ! ocean :]e x roll$ b5ea? 8 capital ) gild$ tiles1 & to h expect$ x to rev]5ce ! b\nd>ies ( 8 "w4 ,b a numb] ( ^? great m5 :o _h lab\r$ 9 ! long neglect$ field ( pa9t+1 & _h /irr$ & loos5$ ! soil1 & prep>$ x = ! h&s ( ,mi*ael ,angelo & ,raffaelle1 appe> to h disreg>d$ ! unities :5ev] ! nature ( ! subject r5d]$ x conv5i5t1 & ) excell5t effect1 z ,i hope to %[ :5 ,i come to give an acc\nt ( _! works4 ,!re is "o picture ( ?is k9d by an anci5t ,flemi% arti/ ( su* transc5dant m]it1 t ,i %all endeav\r to describe x z a model = ?is treatm5t ( hi/orical subjects4 ,! picture is by ,hemel9k1 & is n[ 9 ! possession ( ! ,k+ ( ,bav>ia#afa4 ,! %ape ( ! picture is long & n>r[1 & ! horizon is plac$ v high1 by :i* means room is giv5 = ! diff]5t actions repres5t$4 ,"o ri* & v>i$ l&scape fills ! :ole picture1 =m+ ! back gr\nd to ! gr\pes ( actors 9 ! hi/ory1 :i* are plac$ ) consummate skill1 & s ord]$ by means ( l9e> & arial p]spective1 z to produce a mo/ attractive :ole1 :ile ea* "p is c>efully dealt )4 ,! subject is usually call$ ! ,j\rney ( ! ,?ree ,k+s or ,wise ,m5 to wor%ip ! ,infant ,jesus2 b ! picture has two episodes1 ! ,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds1 & ! ,resurrection & ,asc5sion1 "o ( :i* occupies ! "r side1 & ! o!r ! left4 ,! extreme di/ance is =m$ ( a ridge ( hills1 a little 9 advance ( :i* ?ree m\nts are di/+ui%$1 & ! ridge is f>!r brok5 by an inlet ( ! sea1 ov] :i* ! sun is ris+ 9 spl5d\r4 ,! %ape ( ! bay is graceful1 & x is enliv5$ by %ips2 ! %ore has wood & s&1 & ! t]m9ation ( a great road to div]sify x4 ,"o ( ! m\nts =ms a promontory to ! left ( ! m\? ( ! bay1 :i* is on ! "r ( ! picture4 ,betwe5 x & ! second m\nt is se5 ! />1 n int]f]+ ) ! spl5d\r ( ! sun1 b hav+ a bright di/9ct light ( its own4 ,we may suppose x discov]$ at once by ?ree gr\pes1 app>5tly engag$ 9 wor%ip1 on ! summits ( ! ?ree m\nts4 ,on acc\nt ( _! great di/ance1 !y are j indicat$2 ! only ?+ di/+ui%able 9 ea*1 be+ a col\r$ bann]4 ,at ! foot ( ! fir/ m\nt a riv] w9ds ?r\gh ! c\ntry1 & appe>s z if x f\nd an outlet to ! bay beh9d a ris+ gr\nd ne> ! middle ( ! picture1 on ! slope ( :i*1 =m+ also ! middle di/ance1 /&s ! city ( ,be?lehem2 & outside ( ! gates1 q 9 ! =egr\nd1 is ! place ( ! ,nativity4 ,f ! c\ntry ( ! k+s1 a road :i* crosses ! riv] by a bridge1 leads to ,be?lehem1 & along ?is road ! k+s are se5 advanc+1 ea* ) 8 prop] att5dants1 arm\r1 & bann]4 ,baldass>1 ! ,moor1 has a :ite bann]1 on :i* a negro 9 r$ is pa9t$2 ,mel*ior1 ! elde/ k+1 has a blue bann]1 di/+ui%$ by a gold5 moon2 & ,casp>1 ! ?ird k+1 has a bann] also blue1 b speckl$ ) :ite />s4 ,^!1 ) _! ret9ue1 all meet ne> ! bridge1 :i* !y cross1 & ent] ,be?lehem toge!r4 ,! figures are repeat$ at ! meet+ & at ! city gates4 ,:ile 9 ! t[n1 ! tra9 ( ! wise m5 disp]se !mselves ?r\gh ! /reets1 mix+ ) ! inhabitants1 :ile 9 an op5 corridor1 ! ?ree k+s are se5 eag]ly conv]s+ ) ,h]od4 ,once m !y are se5 tak+ leave ( him be=e !y are f9ally br\ght to ! feet ( ! infant ,savi\r1 :o1 seat$ on ! lap ( 8 virg9 "m1 receives !m ) a b5ignity & grace wor?y ( ! p5cil ( ,raffaelle himself4 ,( ! skilful gr\p+ ( ! c5tral subject1 commonly call$ ! ,wise ,m5's ,(f]+1 ( ! beautiful & true action ( ea* p]son1 ! ri* dresses ( ! att5dants1 ! draw+ ( ! figures1 & also t ( ! horses & camels1 x is n my prov9ce to speak any m ?an ( ! exquisitely f9i%$ execution4 ,yet all ^! assi/ ! hi/ory p[]fully1 & we might h be5 satisfi$ t all 0 told4 ,b ! pa9t] did n re/ "h4 ,on a broad road1 w9d+ along a rocky valley1 ! k+s are once m se51 aft] hav+ paid _! homage to ! ,*ri/1 go+ to _! own l& by a diff]5t way4 ,"s ( _! att5dants h already rea*$ ! %ores ( ! di/ant bay1 & are prep>+ ! %ips to receive _! ma/]s4 ,meantime1 ! effects ( ,h]od's disappo9tm5t are discov]able4 ,on ! o!r side ( ! t[n ( ,be?lehem1 t[>ds ! bridge1 ! murd] ( ! innoc5ts takes place2 x is di/ant en\gh to veil its horrors1 ne> en\gh to di/+ui% ! facts4 ,b we are assur$ t ! *ild1 & 8 "m1 & ,joseph1 are safe2 = we see !m on ! road to ,egypt1 on ! same side ( ! picture :5ce ! s\!rn k+ arriv$4 ,z !y pass1 an idol1 plac$ ^u a column1 b[s & falls1 ,:ile ea* peculi> p[] =egoes 8 wont$ seat4 ,& ?us ! hi/ory ( ! ,adoration ( ! ,?ree ,k+s1 or ,wise ,m51 ) its imm$iate consequ5ces1 is complet$4 ,( ! two episodes1 ! small] prep>atory "o to ! left conta9s ?ree sc5es1 divid$ f ea* o!r by portions ( woody l&scape4 ,! mo/ di/ant is ! ,annunciation2 ! middle is ! ,angel appe>+ to ! ,%eph]ds2 & ! ne>e/1 ! ,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds4 ,all compos$ & f9i%$1 z c>efully z ! sc5es ( ! ma9 action1 b by skilful managem5t nev] int]f]+ ) x4 ,! great] or supplem5t>y episode beg9s ne> ! =egr\nd1 9 a recess ( ! hills ?r\gh :i* ! road leads1 by :i* ! k+s dep>t f ,be?lehem4 ,*ri/ is ris51 & appe>s ) ! bann] ( salvation1 fre$ f ! g>m5ts ( ! dead6 ,f>!r (f he appe>s to ,m>y ,magdal5e 9 ! g>d51 & !n to 8 "m2 & f>!r /ill he walks ) ! disciples t[>ds ,emmaus1 :]e he breaks bread & blesses x4 ,h>d by1 on ! m\nt ( ! ,asc5sion1 ! disciples are kneel+1 :ile ! =m ( ,*ri/ is fa9tly se5 ?r\gh ! glory t m+les ) ! sky4 ,b ! purpose ( 8 be+ on e>? w\ld n be %[n1 7 n ! desc5t ( ! ,holy ,_s se5 on ! "r h&4 ,! ev5t 9 itself has produc$ a beautiful picture1 & tak51 z x %\ld be1 along ) ! great :ole to :i* x belongs1 completes & p]fects ! hi/ory4 ,to ! ?ree rem>kable works ,i h quot$ z examples ( hi/ories1 ) a v>iety ( ev5ts treat$ 9 "o & ! same picture1 ,i might add _m m2 b ,i w cont5t myself ) nam+ a "w1 too mu* neglect$ by mod]n travell]s1 9 ! *apel ( ,san ,felice1 9 ! great *ur* ( ,/4 ,an?ony1 at ,padua4 ,x is by ,aldighi]i1 a pupil ( ,giotto1 & is1 un=tunately1 d>k5$ by ! erection ( a huge insulat$ m>ble alt>-piece be=e x4 ,! subject is ! ,crucifixion4 ,! j\rney ( ,*ri/ to ,calv>y =ms "o great prep>atory incid5t1 ! crucifixion itself1 & its att5dant miracles1 ! ma9 action3 & ! ca/+ lots = ! sacr$ ve/m5ts1 is ! conclud+ sc5e4--,?is is n ! place to speak ( ! pa?os ,aldighi]i has ?r[n into ! fir/ division1 ! dignity am\nt+ to gr&eur 9 ! ma9 action1 or ! skilful gr\p+ & expression ( ! la/ sc5e4 ,b ,i ?9k x w be all[$ t ! pa9t] has done well to unite ! two m9or actions ) ! great]1 & ?us complete ! hi/ory4 ,! examples ( "o hi/ory c>ri$ on ?r\gh a s]ies ( pictures1 are s num]\s t ! difficulty lies 9 *oos+ ! mo/ /rik+4 ,cimabue's & ,giotto's lives ( ,sa9t ,francis at ,assisi1 :]e ea* ev5t is ! subject ( a sep>ate picture2 & ,giotto's life ( ,*ri/ & ( ! ,virg9 at ,padua1 may be ?\ght by "s read]s too antiquat$ to =m au?orities = ! practice4 ,to su*1 !re=e1 ,i w recomm5d ! example ( ,raffaelle 9 ! ,loggie1 :]e ! hi/ory ( ! ,old ,te/am5t is c>ri$ on 9 t beautiful s]ies ( designs :i* ranges 9 ord] along ! ceil+ ( ^? magnific5t corridors#afb4 ,lu9i's s]ies ( pictures at ,s>onno1 ,&rea del ,s>to's at ,flor5ce1 & ^? ( ,dom5i*9o at ,grotto ,f]rata1 are among ! f9e/ works ( ^! great ma/]s4 ,e s]ies conta9s a hi/ory4 ,lu9i's are ! life ( ! ,virg94 ,^? ( ,&rea del ,s>to relate to ! life ( ,sa9t ,john ! ,bapti/1 & are among ! mo/ admir$ ( 8 compositions4 ,9 "o ( ! pictures at ,grotto ,f]rata1 :]e ,sa9t ,nilus1 ! h]o ( ! s]ies1 ca/s out ! evil _s f ! demoniac boy1 ,dom5i*9o /rives n unsuccessfully aga9/ ! demoniac 9 ! ,transfiguration1 :]e1 = once1 x mu/ be all[$1 t ,raffaelle has fall5 bel[ ,dom5i*9o 9 tru? ( expression4 ,my ?ird section ( hi/orical pa9t+s is ackn[l$g$ by ev5 ^? :o object to ! o!rs4 ,x conta9s su* pictures z %[ a s+le action complete 9 itself4 ,i %all "n a few examples among ! antique pa9t]s1 su* z ! ,ajax /ruck ) ! ?und]bolt by ,apollodorus1 & ! ,infant ,h]cules ( ,zeuxis4 ,i am n sure :e!r to place ! ,conte/ ( ,ulysses & ,ajax = ! ,arm\r ( ,a*illes1 9 ?is or ! next class4 ,! pictures ( ,apelles appe> to h be5 all ei!r portraits or belong+ to ! fancies4 ,! ,battle ( ,alex&] & ,d>ius1 by ,philox5us1 seems1 f description1 to belong /rictly to ?is section1 & no d\bt !re are v _m o!rs2 b1 z we are no :]e told h[ _m ( ! subjects 7 treat$1 x is impossible to class !m4 ,( mod]n pictures belong+ to ?is section1 ! fir/ & greate/ is ! ,rais+ ( ,laz>us by ,seba/ian del ,piombo#afc1 "o ( ! f9e/ oil pictures 9 ! _w2 ,raffaelle's ,entombm5t ( ,*ri/#afd2 8 ,spassimo#afe2 ,titian's ,*ri/ sc\rg$#aff2 ,correggio's ,nativity#afg2 ,fra ,b>tolomeo's ,pres5tation ( ,*ri/ 9 ! ,temple#afh2 ,daniel da ,volt]ra's ,desc5t f ! ,cross#afi2 ,alb]t9elli's ,salutation#agj2 ,spagnoletto's ,entombm5t#aga2 ! small picture by ,rembr&t ( ! ,adoration ( ! ,%eph]ds#agb2 ,rub5s' fam\s ,desc5t f ! ,cross at ,antw]p2 & a ?\s& o!rs1 t a mom5t's recollection w br+ to e body's remembrance4 ,!re are also a numb] ( pr(ane subjects treat$ s z to br+ !m "u ?is class2 p>ticul>ly ,p\ss9's ,dea? ( ,g]manicus1 & 8 ,te/am5t ( ,eudamidas4 ,! great rival designs ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci & ,mi*ael ,angelo1 namely1 ! ,battle ( ! ,/&>d & ! ,surprise at ! ,bridge1 n[ lo/1 71 if we may tru/ descriptions1 & "s few rema9+ fragm5ts1 s treat$1 z to br+ !m also into ?is section#agc2 & ,i ?9k no ,g]man w\ld =give me if ,i 7 to omit ,alb]t ,dur]'s ,massacre ( ! ,*ri/ian ,legions by ,sapor ! second#agd4 ,connect$ ) ?is class1 9 ! same mann] z ! ,fancies are ) ! ,epic pictures1 is a :ole class compos$ ( s+le figures ( an hi/orical "*4 ,among ! fir/ ( ^! is ,bell9i's ,*ri/#age3 sev]al ( ,raffaelle's ,madonnas f9d _! place "h4 ,8 ,apo/les c]ta9ly d#agf1 z well z 8 ,sa9t ,m>g>et#agg4 ,!re are _m beautiful examples ( ?is k9d ( picture by ,giotto at ,flor5ce1 by ,lu9i at ,milan & ,soronno1 & by ,bell9i at ,v5ice1 especially "o 9 ! little *ur* ( ,santa ,m>ia del ,fiore4 ,! ,judi? ( ,allori is likewise a f9e specim5#agh2 b among ! v f9e/ are ,fra ,b>tolomeo's ,*ri/1 & 8 ,sa9t ,m>k#agi4 ,^! w n belong to ! pictures :]e sup]natural be+s are introduc$1 !y h too mu* ! "* ( portraits1 & might inde$ be call$ imag9>y portraits2 & no d\bt ! feel+ int5d$ to be excit$ by ! e>lie/ ( !m 01 ! belief 9 _! be+ true repres5tations ( ! objects ( v5]ation4 ,among pictures ( ?is "* are _m ,ecce ,homos1 ( :i* ! mo/ afflict+ to look ^u is t ( ,cigoli#ahj2 & we mu/ also class "h ,coreggio's beautiful ,magdal5e#aha4 ,! imag9>y heads call$ ,sybils1 by ,dom5i*9o1 ,guido1 & ,gu]c9o1 ! ,magdal5es ( ,guido1 ! ,cleopatras1 ,sophonisbas1 & ,lucretias1 are surely left ne> en\gh to _! old dignity ( hi/orical pictures1 :5 rang$ "u ! same head ) ^? ,i h j nam$4 ,,dramatic ,,pictures4 ,?is class is naturally divid$ into two sections3 ! high] ,trag$y1 & ,drama ( a mix$ "*4 ,! anci5ts1 f :at we le>n by description1 cultivat$ bo? k9ds4 ,= examples ( ! fir/ we h ! ,iphig5ia ( ,timan!s2 ! ,!ban "m ( ,ari/ides1 & ! ,m$ea ( ,timoma*us4 ,( ! second k9d1 !re 7 ! ,feign$ ,madness ( ,ulysses by ,euphranor2 ! ,great ,sacrifice by ,pausias1 & sev]al o!rs1 :i* we c n[ nev] "k b by description4 ,:5 ,i speak ( ! high] trag$y1 ,i d n mean su* only :]e blood is %$ be=e ! spectator1 b t grave k9d :i* br+s all ! inmo/ s]i\s ?\ghts toge!r1 & prep>es ! m9d = ! sublime & ! t]rible4 ,i d n fe> to "n ! ,la/ ,supp] ( ,leon>do da ,v9ci fir/ 9 ?is class4 ,se5 only 9 its decay1 & only to be /udi$ 9 sep>ate draw+s ( ! heads1 or 9 ,uggione's copy#ahb1 x /ill obta9s a p[] ov] ! imag9ation t few o!r works ( art ev] rea*4 ,! sublime calmness ( ! ,savi\r 9 pron\nc+ t "o ( !m %all betray him1 all[s u = ! mom5t to sympa?ise ) ! he>t-/ruck apo/les1 :o1 accord+ to _! v>i\s *>act]s1 self-confid5t1 or self-d\bt+1 are ready ) ! words1 8,"l6 is x ,i80 or1 8?\gh ,i die ) !e ,i w n betray !e40 ,nev] 0 expression m int5se1 or action m true4 ,aga9 we turn to ! ,savi\r1 & feel t 9 8 s\l ! sacrifice 0 already complete1 ! bitt]ness ( dea? _h be5 ta/$1 & ! full agony ( ! cross endur$#ahc4 ,at ,vit]bo !re is 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,franciscans an alt>-piece1 design$ by ,mi*ael ,angelo1 & pa9t$ by ,seba/ian del ,piombo4 ,x is compos$ ( two figures only4 ,a v pale moonlight %[s ! figure ( ! ,virg9 seat$ on ! e>?1 & press$ close to ! body ( h] crucifi$ son1 :i* is ext5d$ on a :ite l95 clo? be=e h]3 h] face is turn$ upw>ds 9 ! attitude ( pray]4 ,words _c convey an idea ( ! awful & rev]5tial feel+s excit$ by ?is picture4 ,b ,raffaelle is above all o!rs a ,dramatic pa9t]4 ,! ,miracle ( ,bols5a 9 ! ,/anze is a m>vell\s sc5e4 ,! (ficiat+ prie/2 ! self-convict$1 & n[ conv9c$1 d\bt]2 ! reason+1 calculat+ spectators on "o side2 ! en?usia/ic believ]s on ! o!r1 all conduce to ! great ev5t :i* is to produce a fur!r & p]man5t effect4 ,! ,inc5dio del ,borgo is ano!r /rik+ly tragic composition1 & 7 ?is a prop] place1 x w\ld be easy to prove ! claims ( ! ,c>toons to a high rank 9 ! class1 b = my purpose x is en\gh to "n !m z belong+ to x4 ,! ,crucifixion by ,t9toret is among ! gr&e/ ,dramatic pictures ,i h se5#ahd2 & !re is a picture at ,v5ice :i* accid5t prev5t$ my see+1 b :i*1 if x des]ves ,vas>i's description1 ranks among ! fir/ ( ?is class4 8,a picture 7by ,giorgione7 9 ! college ( ,san ,m>co1 :]e ! turbid sky ?und]s1 ! v canvass trembles1 & ! figures />t & disp]se !mselves ?r\gh ! sc5e 9 ! d>kness ( ! %ad[#ahe40 ,! subject 0 ! br++ ( ! body ( ,sa9t ,m>k to ,v5ice on bo>d ( %ip4 ,a picture by ,c>avaggio1 less se5 ?an x des]ves to be1 mu/ be nam$ "h4 ,x is 9 ! *apel ( ,sa9t ,john ! ,bapti/ atta*$ to ! great *ur* at ,malta1 & repres5ts ! decollation ( ! sa9t4 ,sa9t ,john & ! execution] occupy ! imm$iate =egr\nd3 a woman leav+ ! c\rt ( ! prison1 :]e ! sc5e is plac$1 applies h] h&s to h] e>s t %e may n he> ! fall ( ! axe2 :ile two prison]s are look+1 ) ! curiosity ( t]ror1 f ! grat$ w9d[ ( ! gaol4 ,! composition1 col\r1 & expression are all t]rible & highly dramatic4 ,to ! second1 or mix$ class ( ,dramatic pictures1 belong _m ( ,paul ,v]onese's great works1 su* z ! ,great ,supp] ( ,sa9t ,gregory 9 ! ,refectory ( ! ,s]vites1 at ,santa ,m>ia del ,monte1 ne> ,vic5za3 8 ,m>riage at ,cana2 ! pictures 9 ! *ur* ( ,sa9t ,seba/ian at ,v5ice1 & _m o!rs4 ,a great numb] ( ,t9toret's pictures also f9d _! prop] place "h#ahf4 ,"h also ,i w\ld place ,titian's ,pres5tation ( ! ,virg9 9 ! ,temple#ahg2 & "h "s ( ,bonifaccio's beautiful pictures1 p>ticul>ly ! ,fea/+ ( ! ,prodigal ,son1 a "w t1 = composition1 col\r1 & expression1 is among ! mo/ beautiful ,i "k#ahh4 ,i mu/ n omit ,&rea ,mantegna's ,triumphs#ahi1 nor ,rub5s' imitations ( !m4 ,p\ss9's ,triumphs ( ,david#aij are c]ta9ly dramatic1 & s1 p]haps1 are 8 ,sacram5ts#aia4 ,b x is "t to consid] ! v>iety ( "* among ! ,portraits1 & to endeav\r to class !m4 ,,( ,,portrait4 ,by hi/orical portrait1 ,i d n mean m]ely ! lik5esses ( p]sons ^: names are to be f\nd 9 hi/ory1 or ,lely's & ,knell]'s works w\ld h a *ance ( ov]p[]+ ,raffaelle & ,titian4 ,b su* portraits z ,apelles pa9t$ ( ,alex&]1 or ,protog5es ( ! tragic writ]1 ,philiscus1 sitt+ mus+ 9 8 /udy1 or z ,raffaelle pa9t$ ( ,giulio ,,ii#aib1 & ,cs> ,borgia#aic1 or ,titian ( ,*>les ,v4#aid1 & ! ,doge ,grimani#aie1 or ,&rea del ,s>to ( ! a/ute ,ma*iavelli#aif1 or ,velasquez ( ,pope ,innoc5t ,x#aig1 & ,k+ ,philip#aih1 to say no?+ ( ,rembr&t's ,burgoma/]s1 or ,rub5s' ,duke ( ,alva1 or ,v&yke's ,*>les ,i4 & 8 unhappy ,que51 & sc>cely less unhappy c\rti]s4 ,^! are all s+le portraits hi/orically treat$4 ,! second division ( portraits mu/ compreh5d ^? s treat$1 & compos$ ( m ?an "o figure4 ,su* are ! ,leo ,x4 & 8 secret>ies at ,flor5ce by ,raffaelle2 ,titian's unf9i%$ ,leo ) 8 two att5dants at ,naples1 & 8 ,corn>o family#aii2 ,paul ,v]onese's ,pisani family 9 ! *>act]s ( ! family ( ,d>ius#bjj2 ,rub5s' ,conv]sation piece1 compos$ ( ,grotius1 ,mu]s9s1 ,lipsius1 & himself2 ,v&yke's ,*>les ,i4 ) 8 ,*ildr52 & su* is also ,holbe9's family ( ,sir ,?omas ,moore4 ,b ev5 ! nameless p]sons pa9t$ by great m5 h (t5 a "* & /yle :i* belong to hi/oric treatm5t1 & mu/ n be conf\nd$ ) :at ,fuseli aptly calls 8! remembranc]s ( insignificance10 a class1 h[ev]1 n )\t m]it1 = x (t5 gratifies ! affection ( fri5d%ip1 recals pleas+ recollections1 & at wor/1 af=ds ! pa9t] occasions = ! /udy ( nature4 ,,pictures ,,( ,,famili> ,,life ,admit ( be+ di/ribut$ into ,grave famili> subjects2 ,& subjects ( ,f>ce or ,c>icature4 ,t ! anci5ts cultivat$ ?is bran* ( pa9t+1 ,i h already m5tion$1 & giv5 an example 9 ,pyreicus1 nick-nam$ ,rhyp>ographus1 on acc\nt ( 8 pictures ( %ops & boo?s1 ( m>kets1 & ^? :o suppli$ !m1 along ) _! bea/s ( burd54 ,callicles & ,calaces 7 bo? pa9t]s ( little pictures1 exhibit$ along ) plays & int]ludes1 & no small numb] ( pa9t]s c>icatur$ ! rem>kable public & private m5 ( _! times1 by repres5t+ !m "u ! =ms ( animals & insects ( diff]5t k9ds4 ,( ! grav] famili> life pa9t]s among ! mod]ns1 ,o/ade1 ,jan ,/e91 ,g]>d ,d[1 ,metzu1 ,t]burg1 h left innum]able examples1 nor h !y fail$ 9 ! class :]e ,t5i]s holds ! pre-em95ce ( broad] f>ce4 ,_h ,i n resolv$ aga9/ nam+ our own liv+ arti/s1 ,i %\ld h great examples to place 9 bo? ^! classes4 ,9 c>icature1 f ! days ( ,pat* & ,bunbury to ! pres5t "t1 we h exce$$ all times & nations4 ,,l&scape4 ,( ! f\r di/9ct k9ds ( l&scape1 ! ,epic l&scape 9 ! h&s ( ,titian or ,p\ss9 unites ) ! gr&e/ subjects ( pa9t+4 ,h[ admirably ! l&scape 9 ! ,pet] ,m>tyr aids ! subject6 & 9 ,seba/ian del ,piombo's alt>-piece at ,vit]bo1 h[ gr& is ! effect ( t l[ horizon & rocky b>r5 di/ance se5 fa9tly by ! moonlight6 ,p\ss9's ,deluge is ( ! same sublime "* & hue1 & z 9 ! o!r two examples l5ds =ce to ! figures to :i* x is subord9ate4 ,( a m *e]ful "* o!r l&scapes ( ,titian1 "s ( ,mola1 & _m ( ,p\ss91 :i* ,i %\ld call hi/orical1 divide ! int]e/ ) ! figures1 or r ! figures ga9 by be+ plac$ 9 su* sc5es2 ,p\ss9's ,burial ( ,phocion#bja1 8 two ,israelites be>+ ! ,bun* ( ,grapes f ! promis$ ,l&#bjb1 ! ,exposure & ! ,f9d+ ( ,moses#bjc1 are b a few ( ^? he has pa9t$ ( ?is "*1 9 :i* he is ! great ma/]4 ,! ,antique l&scapes mu/ sometimes h resembl$ ^!1 or !y w\ld h be5 unsuitable to ! subjects to :i* !y =m$ backgr\nds4 ,rocky1 wild1 & t]rible mu/ h be5 ! isl&1 & lurid ! col\r ( ! sea & sky1 9 :i* ,apollodorus plac$ 8 ,ajax4 ,:5 gay] subjects peopl$ ! sc5e1 su* z ! "y ,satyrs wat*+ ! sleep+ ,cyclops1 we le>n t woody sc5]y 0 imitat$1 & pa9t+ = ! !atre _h accu/om$ ! anci5ts to repres5t build+s & op5 c\ntry4 ,9 ! ,imag9ative1 or poetic l&scape1 ,titian claims ! fir/ place4 ,x is en\gh to "n ! ,fea/ ( ! ,gods1 began by ,john ,bell9i1 b f9i%$1 & ! :ole l&scape add$1 by ,titian#bjd1 or ! l&scape ( ! ,bac*us & ,ariadne#bje1 & ^? ( ! f9e pictures 9 ! ,bridgewat] ,gall]y1 impress$ z !y are ) ! gr&eur ( ! wild =e/s & bold m\nta9s ( 8 native prov9ce4 ,p\ss9 foll[s him closely 9 ?is dep>tm5t1 b 8 excell5ces are ow+ to c>eful *oice & /udy1 comb9+ mu* ( antique feel+ ) ! ri* s\rces he f\nd 9 nature4 ,8 ,cali/o#bjf is a v f9e example3 8 ,arcadia#bjg ano!r1 & s1 g5]ally speak+1 are all ^? :]e he has introduc$ ,bac*analian subjects4 ,:]e ! l&scape itself )\t accompany+ figures is consid]$1 ,claude ,lorra9e is unrivall$1 :e!r he *ooses ! sob] hue ( ! ,en*ant$ ,ca/le#bjh1 or ! gl[+ sunsets se5 f ! %ores ( ,italy1 ) all ! ri*es ( ar*itecture & %ipp+1 or s(t5$ by inl& l&scape su* z only ,italy c sugge/#bji4 ,highly imag9ative also are ! l&scapes ( ,salvator ,rosa1 :o is among pa9t]s1 l ! writ]s ( romance among poets1 bold1 wild1 & int]e/+4 ,b ,i mu/ only "n ,gasp> ,p\ss91 ,annibale ,c>acci1 & ,dom5i*9o among ! ,italian l&scape pa9t]s1 & !n ha/5 to ,rembr&t1 ^: gr& & *>act]i/ic l&scapes equal 9 s5tim5t & effect 8 hi/orical works & 8 portraits4 ,nor is ,rub5s less rem>kable3 witness 8 ,sa9t ,george#baj1 & ! l&scapes ( ! ,muni* ,gall]y4 ,cuyp1 :e!r repres5t+ ! cattle & graz+ gr\nds1 or ! busy riv] & canal sc5es ( 8 native c\ntry1 is inimitable2 & ,ruysdael & ,v&]veldt ea* /& at ! head ( a class f> above ! pa9t]s ( m]e views4 ,yet views 9 "s h&s acquire value1 if n dignity4 ,! v tru? ( ,canaletti's ,v5ice becomes poetical4 ,& n[ & !n ,v]net has made a seaport fit to gratify ! vanity ( 8 ma/]1 ,l\is ,,xiii41 9 m s5ses ?an "o4 ,?us h ,i endeav\r$ to di/ribute into classes t *>m+ dep>tm5t ( ! art :i* ! poet lov$ :o hung 8 b[] ( en*antm5t ) ,:ate'er ,lorra9e light t\*'d ) s(t'n+ hue1 ,or savage ,rosa da%$1 or le>n$ ,p\ss9 drew4 ,x n[ only rema9s to speak ( ! pa9t]s ( animals4 ,e body w at once feel1 t if ! ,greeks c\nt$ ,apelles1 & ,pausias1 & ,nicias1 among _! be/ animal pa9t]s1 t if ,polygnotus *ose to introduce a dog ev5 into ! ,battle ( ,m>a?on1 & t if "p ( ! great fame ( ,protog5es arose f ! mann] 9 :i* he pa9t$ ! dogs & ! game 9 8 ,ialysus1 ! mod]ns h to boa/ ( ,rub5s1 ^: v>i\s excell5ces w\ld h be5 incomplete )\t 8 hunts ( ! lion & ! bo>2 & ,snyd]s1 ?\gh pr(ess+ little else1 rais$ 8 animals to ! dignity ( hi/ory1 by 8 mann] ( treat+ !m4 ,i might quote ! pamp]$ lap-dogs ( ,titian#baa1 & ! graceful fav\rites ( ,paul ,v]onese#bab1 & ev5 ! tame p>tridge ( ! grave ,john ,bell9i#bac1 z well z ! horses ( ,v&yke & ,velasquez1 z in/ances ( occasional success 9 ^! ?+s4 ,b ,i _c reg>d ! dilig5t ,paul ,pott] z m ?an a v excell5t cattle portrait pa9t]1 s unequal are 8 *oice ( subject & 8 treatm5t to 8 exquisite execution4 ,( ,cuyp's animals1 ,i c only repeat :at ,i h said z to 8 l&scape1 ) :i* !y are s intimately connect$1 t !y =m a "p ( x2 & ! same is true ( ,adrian ,v&]veldt's4 ,?is essay has gr[n to great l5g?1 because ,i h be5 tempt$ to a l>g] li/ ( in/ances & examples ?an ,i int5d$2 b yet ,i h ab/a9$ f nam+ _m o!rs well suit$ to my purpose4 ,( ^? ,i h quot$1 ) ! exception ( antique works1 !re are n six ( :i* ,i h n myself se5 ! orig9als4 ,,footnotes3 #adb ,fuseli felt ! incongruity & inconv5i5ce ( ?r[+ toge!r all ! v>iety ( pictures :i* commonly take ! "n ( hi/orical pa9t+s1 & has judici\sly divid$1 & eloqu5tly support$ ! division ( t class ( pictures into ne>ly ! same sections z ,i h propos$4 ,b he look$ too disda9fully on all art :i* he did n practise1 to h great weight2 & is on t acc\nt1 z well z on "s o!rs1 less foll[$ ?an he des]ves2 he has n condesc5d$ to notice any o!r bran* ( pa9t+ except ! hi/orical portrait4 #adc ,= ! tru? ( ?is1 see any catalogue ( ei!r anci5t or mod]n ma/]s4 #add ,pl9y says1 b4 xxv4 *4 #b1 t ! ,greek au?ors on ,physic1 ,cratevus1 ,dionysius1 & ,metrodorus1 pa9t$ e h]b 9 col\rs2 & "u _! portraits !y c\*$ & subscrib$ _! sev]al names & effects4--,holl&'s ,trans4 #ade ,reynolds = in/ance4 ,b ,fuseli m p>ticul>ly1 z ,i h m5tion$ 9 a =m] note4 #adf ,x is wor? ! read]'s :ile to turn to an abridg$ acc\nt ( ?is curi\s table 9 ,moor's ?ree ,essays4 ,cebes himself1 seat$ by ! dea?-b$ ( ,socrates1 & le>n+ to hope ) some?+ l confid5ce = ! immortality ( ! s\l1 furni%es a beautiful moral picture1 :i* ev5 ! disagreeable translation ( ! ,phd1 by ,taylor1 _c spoil4 #adg ,f ,,ms4 notes on ! old pictures ( ,italy4 ,( ?is class1 !re is a magnific5t e>ly ,flemi% picture1 ( :i* ,i nev] saw ! orig9al3 x is ,van ,eyck's wor%ip ( ! ,lamb4 ,!re is an excell5t description ( x 9 ,madame ,s*opf5hau]'s pleasant volumes on ! anci5t ,flemi% s*ools ( art2 & "o 9 a p]iodical "w publi%$ at ,brussels1 9 :i* !re is an et*+ ( ! :ole subject4 #adh ,if pa9t+ 7 n exclusively my subject1 ,i might "h m5tion a numb] ( +5i\s allegorical pr9ts1 especially ! v>i\s dances ( dea?4 #adi ,ab\t ! ye> #acde4 ,i %all h occasion h]eaft] to notice ^! pictures aga94 ,b ,i "h subjo9 a lit]al translation ( ! description ( ! fir/ ( !m4 8,9 ! second place ! a=esaid #aej;,cola admoni%$ ! gov]nors & p to d well by an allegory1 :i* he caus$ to be pa9t$ on ! ,palace ( ! ,capitol opposite ! m>ket1 on ! out] wall above ! *amb]2 ! pa9t$ allegory 0 9 ?is =m4 ,!re 0 pa9t$ a va/ sea1 ! waves horrid & mu* tr\bl$2 9 ! mid/ !re( 0 a %ip little less ?an f\nd]$1 )\t a rudd]1 )\t a sail2 9 ?is %ip1 s dang]\sly plac$1 !re 0 a wid[ woman1 clad 9 black1 gird$ ) ! girdle ( grief2 loose h] sc>f f h] bosom1 & h] hair di%evell$ z if %e wept2 %e 0 on h] knees1 h] h&s cross$ & press$ to h] brea/ z 9 pray]1 z %e 7 p]i%+1 = su* 0 h] dang]2 above 0 writt5 ,,?is ,,is ,,rome4 ,ar\nd ?is %ip1 bel[ ! wat]1 !re 7 f\r sunk5 %ips1 _! sails fall51 _! ma/s brok51 _! rudd]s lo/2 9 e "o a dr[n$ woman1 dead4 ,! fir/ 0 call$ ,babylon2 ! second1 ,c>?age2 ! ?ird1 ,troy2 ! f\r?1 ,j]usalem4 ,! sup]scription bore1 t ^! cities _h be5 br\ght by inju/ice1 fir/ to dang] & !n to de/ruction4 ,a label f ! m\?s ( ^! f\r wom5 0 inscrib$-- ,?\ wa/ rais$ high above e sov]eignty1 ,n[ we await ?y f9al wreck4 ,on ! left h& 7 two isl&s1 on ! "o a woman sitt+ 9 a po/ure ( %ame1 ) ! sup]scription1 ,,?is ,,is ,,italy2 h] label ( spee* bore-- ,?\ tooke/ ! gu>dian%ip ( all l&s1 ,& only me ?\ own$/ = a si/]4 ,9 ! o!r isl& 7 f\r wom51 _! *eeks on _! h&s1 _! elb[s on _! knees1 9 mo/ sorr[ful action1 & say+1-- ,?\ wa/ accompani$ by e virtue1 ,n[ ?\ art ab&on$ on ! wide sea4 ,^! 7 ! f\r c>d9al virtues1 ,temp]ance1 ,prud5ce1 ,ju/ice1 & ,=titude4 ,on ! "r 0 a little isl& 9 :i* 0 a kneel+ woman2 h] h& /ret*$ to heav51 z 9 pray]2 %e 0 dress$ 9 :ite1 h] "n 0 ,*ri/ian ,fai?1 & h] v]se 0-- ,oh6 highe/ fa!r1 my "l & conductor1 ,if ,rome p]i% :at becomes ( me8 ,above all ?is1 on ! "r h&1 7 f\r ord]s ( animals1 ) horns at _! m\?s1 bl[+ l w9ds & caus+ tempe/s on ! sea1 & help+ to increase ! dang] ( ! %ip4 ,! fir/ ord] 0 ( lions1 wolves1 & be>s4 ,! inscription bore1 ^! are ! pot5t ,b>ons & unju/ ,gov]nors4 ,! second ord] 7 dogs1 pigs1 & he-goats2 _! inscription 01 ,^! are evil c\ncillors1 ! p>asites ( ! nobles4 ,! ?ird ord] 7 rams1 dragons1 & foxes2 _! inscription 01 ,^! are ! false (fic]s1 judges1 & not>ies4 ,! f\r? ord] consi/$ ( h>es1 cats1 goats1 & apes2 _! sup]scription bore1 t !y 7 ! populace1 ?ieves1 murd]]s1 adult]]s1 & spoil]s4 ,above all 0 pa9t$ heav52 9 ! mid/ ( :i* 0 ! div9e ,maje/y com+ to judgm5t2 out ( 8 m\? proce$$ two swords1 "o po9t+ "o way1 ! o!r1 ! o!r3 on "o h& 0 ,/4 ,pet]1 on ! o!r ,/ ,paul1 9 pray]4 ,& :5 ! p saw ?is allegory e "o m>vell$40 #aej ,ri5zi's nick-"n1 f ,nicolo ,ri5zi4 #aea ,reynold's1 9 8 ,fif? ,disc\rse1 says t ,mi*ael ,angelo 8nev] ne$$1 or seem$ to disda91 to look abroad = =eign help10 & contra/s ?is orig9ality ) ,raffaelle's practice ( us+ occasionally ! inv5tions ( 8 pr$ecessors4 ,b ,reynolds1 if he _h be5 acqua9t$ ) ! "w ( ,signorelli1 w\ld h se5 t ,mi*ael ,angelo took f him1 n only s+le figures ( great p[]1 b at lea/ "o gr\p ( importance1 :i* he us$ ) little *ange 9 ! ,la/ ,judgm5t4 #aeb 8,,be ,,/ill1 ,,& ,,"k ,,t ,i ,,am ,,god40 #aec ,at ,dresd54 #aed ,9 ,v5ice4 #aee ,9 ,v5ice4 #aef ,9 ,rome4 #aeg ,at ,bologna4 #aeh ,9 ,spa94 #aei ,9 ! possession ( ! ,duke ( ,well+ton4 #afj ,raffaelle's engrav$ designs ( ! same subject are /ill m *>m+ ?an ^? ( ! ,f>nes9a4 ,! decorations ( 8 own villa1 ne> ! ,porta del ,popolo1 & ^? /ill exi/+ 9 ,mr4 ,m----'s villa1 on ! ,palat9e ,hill1 yield to nei!r4 #afa ,hans ,hemel9k is said to h be5 a soldi]1 :o1 aft] receiv+ a sev]e w\nd1 0 cur$ 9 ! hospital at ,bruges2 & t ! fir/ ( 8 pictures t attract$ public att5tion1 he pa9t$ 9 consequ5ce ( a v[ made :ile "u cure4 ,hav+ recov]$ 8 heal?1 & fulfill$ 8 v[ at home1 he w5t on a pilgrimage to ,sa9t ,jago de ,compo/ella1 9 ,spa91 & 0 he>d no m (4 ,! f9e picture describ$ =m$ "p ( ! ,bois]e collection4 ,!re are two exquisite heads 9 ! ,flor5ce ,gall]y1 by ,hemel9k4 #afb ,^! designs are ! orig9als ( ! set ( pr9ts usually call$ ,raffaelle's ,bible4 #afc ,9 our ,national ,gall]y4 #afd ,at ,rome 9 ! ,borghese4 #afe ,9 ,spa94 #aff ,at ,p>is4 #afg ,at ,dresd54 #afh ,at ,vi5na4 #afi ,at ,rome1 9 ! *ur* ( ! ,tr9it del ,monte4 #agj ,flor5ce ,gall]y4 #aga ,at ,naples1 9 ! *ur* ( ,san ,m>t9o4 #agb ,9 ! ,national ,gall]y4 ,! expression 9 ?is picture makes me pref] x to ! ,woman tak5 9 ,adult]y4 ,i %\ld h nam$ ! ,bl9d+ ( ,sampson 9 ! ,s*nborn collection at ,vi5na1 b = ! atroci\s *oice ( ! pa9t] z to ! "t & action4 #agc ,a picture 9 br[n & :ite1 aft] ,mi*ael ,angelo's c>toon1 exi/s at ,holkham4 ,a draw+ 0 made by ,rub5s ( "p ( ! ,battle ( ! ,/&>d1 f :i* ! pr9t publi%$ by ,edel9k 0 tak54 #agd ,?is v beautiful "w is 9 ! ,belv$]e ,gall]y at ,vi5na4 ,an excell5t copy1 by ,rott5ham]1 is 9 ! ,k+ ( ,bav>ia's collection4 #age ,at ,dresd54 ,:5 ! ,russian army 0 at ,dresd51 9 #ahad1 ?is picture 0 borr[$ = an alt>-piece = ,alex&]'s tempor>y *apel3 on remov+1 ! picture 0 pack$ up & c>ri$ (f z lawful plund]1 b ! curator ( ! ,gall]y *ose 8 "t & place ( remon/rance s well t x 0 re/or$4 #agf ,9 ! *ur* ( ,/ ,paul's1 )\t ! walls ( ,rome4 #agg ,n[ 9 ,russia4 #agh ,9 ! ,flor5ce ,gall]y4 #agi ,bo? 9 ! ,pitti ,palace1 ,flor5ce4 #ahj ,9 ! ,pitti ,palace4 #aha ,at ,dresd54 #ahb ,m>co ,uggione1 a contempor>y1 made an oil copy1 ?\ght v inf]ior at ! "t1 b x is n[ ! be/ memorial ( ! picture3 x belongs to ! ,royal ,academy4 ,"s works 9 fresco1 ( great m]it1 by ,uggione1 are collect$ 9 ! ,br]a at ,milan4 #ahc ,( ! innum]able 8,la/ ,supp]s0 pa9t$ aft] ?is1 none rea*$ ?is sublimity ( expression4 ,gravity & dignity are ! highe/ *>act]i/ics ( ! be/1 su* z t ( ,&rea del ,s>to4 ,_m deg5]at$ into ! pure picturesque3 & once 9 ! h&s ( ,t9toret1 ! subject became almo/ absurd4 #ahd ,at ,s*leis%eim4 #ahe ,! picture 0 roll$ up z x _h come f ,p>is4 ,! description is f ! preface to ! ?ird book ( ! ,lives ( ! ,pa9t]s1 :]e 9 _m ( ! lat] editions ! picture has be5 giv5 to ,palma4 #ahf ,p>ticul>ly ^? 9 ! ,scuola di ,san ,m>co4 #ahg ,pa9t$ = ! ,c>it1 n[ 9 ! ,gall]y ( ! ,f9e ,arts1 ,v5ice4 #ahh ,gall]y at ,v5ice4 #ahi ,sev]al ( ^! are at ,hampton ,c\rt1 o!rs at ,muni*4 #aij ,at ,dulwi*4 #aia ,9 ! ,bridgewat] collection4 #aib ,at ,flor5ce4 #aic ,borghese palace1 ,rome4 #aid ,vi5na1 & 9 ,spa94 #aie ,grimani palace1 ,v5ice4 #aif ,doria palace1 ,rome4 #aig ,doria palace1 ,rome4 ,?is pope 0 ( ! ,panfili ,doria family4 #aih ,(t5 repeat$4 #aii ,belong+ to ,8 ,grace ( ,nor?umb]l&1 :o all[s nobody to see x4 ,! copy by ,ga9sbor\gh is f9e2 & is 9 m lib]al h&s4 #bjj ,pisani palace1 ,v5ice4 #bja ,9 ,france4 #bjb ,9 ! possession ( ,e>l ,sp5c]4 #bjc ,9 ! ,l\vre4 #bjd ,9 ! collection ( ,camucc9i1 at ,rome4 #bje ,9 ! ,national ,gall]y4 #bjf ,9 ! possession ( ! ,m>quis ( ,we/m9/]4 #bjg ,9 ! possession ( ! ,duke ( ,devon%ire4 #bjh ,9 ! possession ( ,mr4 ,wells ( ,r$leaf4 #bji ,"s v f9e ones ( ?is description are 9 ! ,national ,gall]y1 & "s 9 ! ,bridgewat] ,collection4 #baj ,9 our ,national ,gall]y4 #baa ,p>ticul>ly 9 ! picture ( ! ,*ild 9 ! ,/rozzi ,palace at ,flor5ce4 #bab ,^? pretty greyh\nds1 :i* appe> "u ! table 9 ! ,supp] at ! h\se ( ,simon1 ! /udy = :i* ,mr4 ,rog]s has1 & :i* are (t51 repeat$4 #bac ,! pretty bird is pick+ up ! crumbs "u ! table at ,emmaus4 ,,essay ,,vi4 ,,on ,,! ,,mat]ials ,,us$ ,,by ,,pa9t]s4 ,h[ev] admirable 8 ta/e may be1 he is b half a pa9t] :o c only conceive 8 subject1 & is )\t k ( ! me*anical "p ( 8 art4 ,,reynolds' ,,notes ,,on ,,du ,,fresnoy4 ,:5 fir/ s*ol>s began to /udy ! works ( ! anci5ts1 at t busy p]iod di/+ui%$ by ! revival ( lett]s & ! arts1 ! discov]ies !y made 7 s new & s surpris+1 t a k9d ( en*ant$ mi/ ov]spread e object 9 _! eyes1 & all !y look$ back ^u 0 magnifi$ or di/ort$4 ,!y f\nd s mu* wisdom & k 9 ! writ+s ( ! anci5ts1 t !y1 z is natural1 ?\ght t all antiquity 0 wise & kn[+2 & 9 proportion to _! exagg]at$ e/eem = ! anci5ts1 !y enc\rag$ a contempt = _! contempor>ies & c\ntrym51 at lea/ z extravagant4 ,a little consid]ation w\ld h told !m1 h[ev]1 t _m ?+s mu/ cont9ue unalt]$ 9 nature1 ?\gh fa%ion or accid5t %\ld v>y ! =m 9 all societies1 aft] ! fir/ conv5i5ces1 com=ts1 & luxuries ( civilis$ life h be5 inv5t$4 ,b "h ! pride ( unusual le>n+ /epp$ 91 & x w\ld h mortifi$ ! s*ol> to ?9k t :at he por$ ov] by 8 midnight lamp 9 ! books ( ,greece & ,rome1 c\ld h any?+ 9 common ) ! mann]s & occupations ( 8 vulg> neighb\rs4 ,?us an ignorance f\nd$ on prejudice 0 begott51 & has be5 ma9ta9$ 9 "p ev5 to ! pres5t day1 not)/&+ ! /ores ( common k op5$ to u by ! discov]y ( ,pompeii & its neighb\r+ t[ns4 ,s*ol>s & antiqu>ies rejoic$ inde$ at ! f9d+ ( ^? t[ns1 because _! position1 long matt] ( controv]sial speculation1 0 asc]ta9$2 b ,i v mu* d\bt if !y did n also feel some?+ l mortification1 on behold+ op5 pro( t ! mat]ials & contrivances ( ! cooks ( ^! our deg5]ate days cont9ue l ^? ( ! anci5ts1 & t !re is no ,greek me?od ( eat+#bad4 ,e day is add+ some?+ to ! conviction ( ^? :o requir$ pro(1 t :]e ! end to be answ]$ is ! same1 ! tools & mat]ials1 employ$ 9 diff]5t ages & c\ntries1 _c *oose b be wond]fully alike4 ,?is homely way ( consid]+ su* matt]s is n1 ,i "k1 agreeable to ! mod]ately le>n$1 :o ?9k mu* ( small acquirem5ts2 b1 to real s*ol>s & philosoph]s1 tru? is at all times1 & "u e =m1 acceptable4 ,i purpose 9 ?is essay to give su* an acc\nt z ,i c collect1 ( ! mat]ials us$ by pa9t]s2 ! sub/ances ^u :i* !y pa9t$1 ! pigm5ts !y col\r$ )1 ! vehicles by means ( :i* ! col\rs 7 appli$1 & ! tools employ$ 9 pa9t+4 ,x w\ld appe>1 f ! judici\sly conduct$ rese>*es ( "s late travell]s1 t "s ( ! e>lie/ col\r$ "w 9 ,egypt is ^u b>e s&-/one4 ,:]e t rock is ( v f9e grit ! wat]-col\rs seem to h answ]$ well1 b :]e ! grit 0 co>se ! "w became gross & unev54 ,a rem$y 0 !re=e appli$2 a pla/] ( v f9e lime & "s k9d ( size 0 spread ov] ! /one1 & ! col\r appli$ mo/ probably be=e ! pla/] 0 dry1 & s approa*+ to fresco pa9t+1 :i* d\btless grew out ( t old] mann]4 ,! lately op5$ ,etruscan tombs %[ ! same v>iety2 col\r ^u ! b>e s&-/one & col\r ^u ?9 f9e plai/]4 ,! advantage ( apply+ col\r ^u a damp or ev5 wet gr\nd mu/ h be5 abundantly app>5t1 f ! success ( ! pa9t$ vases s e>ly br\ght to p]fection 9 ,greece & ,tuscany2 & accord+ly1 9 ! e>lie/ pictures ( any magnitude describ$ z pa9t$ 9 ei!r c\ntry1 we recognise g5u9e fresco pa9t+#bae4 ,b walls 7 n always at h& = ! pa9t]2 & _m 7 eag] to h pictures :i* !y might transport to o!r c\ntries ?an ^? ( ! pa9t]1 ei!r = ! religi\s purposes ( decorat+ temples & fulfill+ v[s1 or purely = ! pleasure ( possess+ works ( art1 or1 f9ally1 = ! purposes ( trade4 ,a sub/itute easily occurr$4 ,wood5 panels1 well season$1 & sme>$ ov] ) pla/]1 smoo!d ei!r ) pumice1 or "s sub/ance answ]+ ! same purpose1 7 f\nd to answ] admirably4 ,yet ev5 "h x w\ld seem t ! ,egyptians l$ ! way2 = 9 ord] to prep>e ! c(f9s ( _! mummies = _! pa9t$ decorations1 !y 7 9 l mann] prep>$ ) a f9e pla/] ( lime or *alk1 exce$+ly ?9#baf4 ,! mummy cases 7 made ( v>i\s woods2 among o!rs ! ,egyptian fig1 :i* is (t5 translat$ sycamore#bag4 ,f ,pl9y's description#bah x is n c]ta9 :i* ( ! kn[n figs 0 ! ,egyptian sycamore4 ,! gra9 is light1 close1 & t\gh1 & ! timb] is be/ season$ 9 wat]4 ,! wood usually employ$ = panels = l>ge pictures 0 ! he>t ( ! female l>*4 ,pl9y says1 t pa9t]s h f\nd by exp]im5t t x is smoo? & clean1 & n apt to split or w>p2 he adds t x w la/ = ev]#bai4 ,!ophra/us speaks ( ! same wood = ! same purposes1 & also ( ! cornel#bbj4 ,! c$> & cypress appe> also to h be5 us$4 ,= small] pictures x is probable t a great] v>iety ( trees furni%$ tables = ! pa9t]4 ,! tablets us$ 9 ! s*ools at ,sicyon are said to h be5 ( box-wood4 ,holly 0 also p>ticul>ly fitt$ = ! purpose1 by ! clos5ess ( its gra9 & its durability4 ,! e>lie/ mod]n ,italians us$ also ! wood ( ! fig tree well dri$ & season$#bba1 besides ! l>*1 ilex1 sycamore1 & walnut tree4 ,! anci5ts prep>$ _! bo>ds or tablets ) a ?9 gr\nd ( *alk & size ( "s k9d#bbb1 :e!r a size ( fl\r pa/e1 or weak c>p5t]'s glue1 does n appe>4 ,9 ! ?irte5? c5tury ! pa9t]s took ! tr\ble to make ! :ite = lay+ gr\nds !mselves4 ,c5n9o's directions on ! subject are curi\s on m acc\nts ?an "o4 ,he says1 8,take ! p9ion bones & ribs ( *ick5s1 ! /al] ! bett]1 &1 j z y f9d !m "u ! table#bbc1 put !m into ! fire till !y become :it] ?an ! a%es !mselves40 ,aft] ?is he gives directions to p\nd1 wa% & dry !m ?or\ghly1 & to keep !m 9 a dry pap] = use2 he all[s c]ta9 bones ( ! %eep also to be us$1 b1 z he always insi/s on /al5ess1 ,i suppose he wi%es !m to be free f grease#bbd4 ,c5n9o's bo>ds 7 prep>$ ) great c>e1 wa%$ ) _m wat]s1 & pumic$ to p]fect smoo?ness2 ! gr\nd to be laid on ?9 & r5d]$ smoo? & ev5 ) ! h&1 or1 z he says1 ! fat "p ( ! ?umb4 ,s f> ! bo>ds = ! s*ool ( ,sicyon & ^? = ! s*ool ( ,giotto appe> to h be5 mu* alike4 ,! next /ep seems to me also ! same4 ,! pupils 7 to draw v lightly ) a metal po9t--,fuseli calls ! antique "o a ce/rum--^u ! :ite gr\nd1 & if any?+ 0 amiss x 0 easily effac$4 ,c5n9o directs t ! tool %\ld be tipp$ ) silv]1 :atev] metal ! ma9 "p might be made (1 t x %\ld be mod]ately %>p1 & v smoo?#bbe4 ,we h n any direct evid5ce t l95 clo? or canvass 0 us$ to pa9t ^u be=e ! reign ( ,n]o1 :o ord]$ an imm5se portrait ( himself to be pa9t$ on a l95 clo? "o hundr$ & tw5ty feet 9 height4 ,pl9y1 :o relates ! fact1 does n say :e!r x 7 /ret*$ on a frame1 or :e!r x cov]$ planks1 to prev5t1 9 "s degree1 ! w>p+ & splitt+1 to :i* s _m jo9+s z w\ld h be5 necess>y 9 a table ( t size mu/ h r5d]$ !m liable4 ,sev]al writ]s1 & p>ticul>ly ,monsieur ,dur&#bbf1 h imag9$ t ,pl9y says1 pa9t+ on l95 _h nev] till !n be5 he>d (4 ,i ?9k1 h[ev]1 t x is ! colossal size ( ! picture t _h n be5 he>d ( because we f9d t1 at t v "t1 x 0 no uncommon ?+ to decorate ! places = ! exhibition ( prize-fight]s ) hang+s1 on :i* 7 pictures ( rem>kable fights2 ^!1 ,pl9y expressly says1 7 pa9t$ clo?s#bbg1 &1 7 x ( consequ5ce1 ,i ?9k passages might be collect$ to %[ ! great probability t l95 clo? 0 us$ by pa9t]s :]e works ( little durability 7 requir$4 ,! prep>ation ) *alk & size mu/ h be5 ! same z t = pa9t+ on panel4 ,! use ( l95 books1 = ! regi/]+ private affairs is m5tion$ z common1 be=e pap] made ( ! papyrus came into g5]al use#bbi4 ,fronto saw _m books ( l95 pres]v$ 9 ! anci5t ar*ives ( ,anagni#bcj4 ,& ev5 aft] ! papyrus & p>*m5t came into use1 ,pl9y m5tions t sev]al ,ea/]n nations /ill made _! lett]s on wov5 clo?4 ,b is y\r wor%ip's folly less ?an m9e1 ,:5 ,i ) wond] view "s rude design ,9 crayons or 9 *>coal1 to invite ,! cr[d to see ! gladiators fight8 ,me?9ks 9 v de$ !y m\nt ! /age1 ,& seem 9 real combat to engage3 ,n[ 9 /rong attitude !y dreadful b5d1 ,w\nd$ !y w\nd1 !y p>ry & def5d4 ,,francis' ,,horace1 ,book ii4 ,sat4 #g4 ,we are told t bo? ,p>rhasius & ,zeuxis 7 9 ! habit ( mak+ draw+s on p>*m5t#bca4 ,we "k also t ,greek h]bali/s drew & col\r$ ! plants !y wrote ( 9 books4 ,x is !re=e improbable t !y %\ld h ov]look$ ! light1 pliable1 yet t\gh mat]ial1 l95 clo?4 ,x might seem less la/+ ?an panel2 b = small subjects x 0 surely pref]able ei!r to pap] or p>*m5t1 & z ! use ( x 0 n unkn[n = writ+ ^u1 :y %\ld we suppose pa9t]s s long neglect$ x8 ,! ,mexicans1 ?\gh c]ta9ly acqua9t$ ) ! use ( pa9t+ on wood1 us$ also ! prep>$ sk9 ( a small de]1 & ! pap] made f ! ,agave ,am]icana2 b !y pref]r$ cotton clo?1 :i* !y prep>$ ) a :ite %9+ e>?1 z !y did _! pap] & p>*m5t1 & z ! ,egyptians prep>$ _! c(f9s1 & ! ,greek plant]s _! tablets4 ,vas>i1 ^: c>elessness is s notori\s t nobody n[ ?9ks ( dep5d+ on any?+ he says1 beyond :at x is c]ta9 he c\ld h se51 attributes to ,m>g>itone1 ab\t ,a4,d4 #abgj1 ! fir/ use ( f9e l95 clo?1 :i* he says he pa/$ ov] 8 panels to prev5t cracks & r5ts4 ,b !re are _m examples ( ,italian pictures be=e ,m>g>itone1 :]e ! panel is cov]$ ) l951 :e!r = ! purpose above m5tion$1 or = ! sake ( secur+ a m equal gr\nd1 is ( no importance4 ,x is en\gh if we f9d ! practice e/abli%$ among ^? mo/ likely to h inh]it$ at lea/ ! me*anical "p ( anci5t pa9t+4 ,c5n9o gives p>ticul> directions = lay+ d[n clo? ^u panel1 & he pr(esses to tea* ! practice ( ,giotto4 ,b ,giotto's fir/ works g back to ! ?irte5? c5tury#bcb1 & he adopt$ ! practice ( 8 ma/]1 ,cimabue1 & le>n$ :atev] 8 fri5d ,gaddo ,gaddi c\ld tea* him ( ! me?ods ( ! ,greek pa9t]s1 9 company ) :om ,gaddo _h be5 employ$ 9 decorat+ ,sa9t ,m>k's1 9 ,v5ice1 & ,santa ,m>ia ,maggiore1 9 ,rome2 & we may h5ce conclude t ,m>g>itone only did :at old] pa9t]s _h done be=e4 ,inde$ f 8 p]sonal "* x is unlikely t he %\ld h set ! example ( a new practice1 = he is said to h be5 we>y ( life on acc\nt ( ! new fa%ions 9 art t 7 obta9+ t[>ds ! end ( 8 c>e]1 & to h envi$ ! y\ng] pa9t]s = _! success#bcc4 ,z ! anci5t pa9t+ on m>ble appe>s to h be5 m]ely = ! sake ( caprici\s additions to ! beautiful v>iegat$ ve9s ( nature1 x is n wor? nam+4 ,) reg>d to ! pigm5ts us$ by ! anci5ts1 ! great] numb] are employ$ /ill4 ,all ! o*res1 ! v]milion1 :ite lead1 lamp-black1 & s on1 appe> to h be5 prep>$ & appli$ ei!r 9 fresco or di/emp]1 z !y are n[4 ,) reg>d to ! col\rs = pictures on panel also1 !re appe>s to be only ! diff]5ce t mod]n improvem5ts 9 *emi/ry h introduc$4 ,x may n be )\t int]e/ to comp>e ,pl9y's acc\nt ( col\r+ sub/ances 9 ! fir/ c5tury ) t ( ,c5n9o 9 ! f\rte5?1 & ^! ) ! li/ ( pigm5ts n[ employ$4 ,x w be m difficult to collect in=mation z to ! vehicles us$ 9 pa9t+2 b ,i d n despair ( sugge/+ to ! consid]ation ( ! antiqu>ian arti/ a few po9ts :i* may lead to f>!r k4 ,b1 be=e ,i proce$1 ,i mu/ notice ! common belief1 f\nd$1 x is true1 ^u an expression ( ,pl9y's1 t ! anci5t pa9t]s1 ev5 ,apelles himself1 us$ b f\r col\rs1 & t ^! 7 :ite & black2 & r$ & yell[ o*res4 ,! absurdity ( ! ?+ ought ( itself to h awak5$ ! _s ( criticism1 apt en\gh sometimes to detect errors4 ,b ?is 0 s m>vell\s a ?+1 & rais$ ! anci5ts s f> above all contempor>ies 9 skill1 t ! s$uction to mod]ns 0 irresi/ible1 s "o aft] ano!r1 s*ol>s & critics1 h repeat$ ! f\r-col\r$ passage1 )\t reg>d to ! context1 )\t comp>+ "o ass]tion ( ! au?or ) ano!r4 ,if ! :ole passage :]e ! fam\s s5t5ce is f\nd be read1 x w appe> t ,pl9y is declaim+ aft] 8 accu/om$ mann] aga9/ ! luxury ( ! ,romans1 ( 8 "t1 & p>ticul>ly _! indulg5ce 9 f9e col\rs1 _! v walls1 & %ips1 & fun]al c>s be+ col\r$1 z he says1 ) blue & sc>let ( ! mo/ co/ly k9d2 :ile ! anci5t pa9t]s produc$ _! f9e works ) only f\r col\rs1 nam+ ! commone/ & co>se/ he c recollect = ! sake ( contra/2 & produces z witnesses1 ! works ( ! pa9t]s1 ,apelles1 ,e*ion1 ,melan?us1 & ,ni*oma*us4 ,n[1 :oev] w take ! tr\ble to read a little f>!r1 w f9d t ,pl9y exclaims ) z mu* bitt]ness aga9/ ! use ( l>ge e>!n di%es z aga9/ ! luxury ( col\r2 & br+s examples equally =cible to prove t x 0 wise & virtu\s to love little cups4 ,&1 aga91 if ! n9ete5? book be ref]r$ to1 :at pa!tic compla9ts ( ! decl9e ( cabbage eat+ w be f\nd1 & h[ mon/r\s he ?\ght x t a man %\ld buy a fi% or a f[l at m>ket :5 8 =efa!rs f$ ^u salad6 ,!n ! enormity committ$ by ,apicius 9 tea*+ "y ,drusus n to l cabbage spr\ts s well z broccoli1 & ! reprim& ( ,tib]ius address$ to ! y\? on ! occasion1 are good specim5s ( ,pl9y's love = ! 8wisdom ( 8 ance/ors10 & 8 little consid]ation = ! great b5efits he himself enjoy$ f m mod]n improvem5ts4 ,!n he lam5ts t asses may eat ?i/les :ile ! common p ( ,rome are deb>r$ f c>doons & arti*okes2 & ,i v]ily believe1 t 7 8 respect = ,cato n 9 ! way1 we %\ld h _h a philippic aga9/ ^? :o presum$ to eat asp>agus l>g] ?an :eat-/raw2 b ,cato1 x seems1 0 among ! fir/ :o _h asp>agus b$s ne> ,rome2 s ) "o gr[l at su* z dev\r$ ! mon/r\s plants f ,rav5na1 he all[s t cultivat$ asp>agus may be eat54 ,b ,pl9y himself contradicts ! /ory ( ! f\r col\rs4 ,9 ! in/ance ( ,apelles1 h[ c\ld ! ,v5us ,anadyom5e1 %e :o 0 ris+ f ! gre5 or azure ocean1 "u a bright blue sky1 h be5 pa9t$ ) lamp-black1 :ite *alk1 ruddle1 & yell[ o*re only8 ,!n ,apelles liv$ aft] ,zeuxis2 & if ,zeuxis pa9t$ grapes1 :5ce got he ! gre5 & purple1 if none b ! f\r *a/e1 grave1 & solemn col\rs 7 kn[n8 ,:at becomes ( ! mono*romes1 :i* ,pl9y himself says prec$$ by f> ! "t ( ,apelles1 yet !y 7 pa9t$1 accord+ to him1 ) dragon's blood1 a pigm5t by no means resembl+ any ( ! f\r or?odox col\rs8 ,b su* in/ances occur at e page4 ,i w po9t out "o m1 9 :i* we h o!r au?ority = contradict+ him besides 8 own4 ,he tells u t ,micon pa9t$ ! temple ( ,!seus4 ,pausanias & o!rs say ! same4 ,n[ ,micon 0 contempor>y ) ,polygnotus1 consequ5tly1 at lea/ #aej ye>s be=e ,apelles' "t4 ,"s ( 8 pictures 7 pa9t$ flat on /ucco )9 ! temple2 ! re/ 7 col\r$ bas-reliefs4 ,b ! /ucco1 ?\gh ! traces ( pictures & subjects are gone1 reta9s ! m>ks1 or r /a9s ( ! col\rs--s does ! sculpture2 & among ^? col\rs we f9d ve/iges ( bronze & gold-col\r$ arms1 ( a blue sky1 & ( blue1 gre51 & r$ drap]y#bcd4 ,9 ! catacombs ( ,egypt1 9 times long ant]ior to ! great pa9t]s ( ,greece1 blues & gre5s are z commonly f\nd z yell[s & r$s4 ,9 ! anci5t sepul*res ( ,etruria1 blue & gre5 are employ$ along ) o!r col\rs1 & sometimes caprici\sly en\gh1 = !re is a v conspicu\s blue horse 9 "o ( ! *amb]s4 ,b we h an au?ority f> above ^!4 ,moses expressly m5tions ! col\rs1 sc>let1 r$1 blue1 & purple1 :5 he describes ! furniture ( ! ark ( ! cov5ant1 & ! ve/m5ts ( ! prie/s4 ,) ^! facts be=e !m1 x appe>s incompreh5sible t a s+le ha/y expression ( an au?or1 h[ev] respectable1 %\ld h be5 dwelt ^u & adopt$ almo/ z an article ( fai? by pa9t]s & critics 9 ,italy1 ,france1 & ,engl&4 ,if1 in/ead ( ! expressions ( ,pl9y1 writ]s ^u col\rs _h adopt$ ! words ,plato puts into ! m\? ( ,socrates ab\t midway betwe5 ! times ( ,polygnotus & ,apelles1 we %\ld h _h ! or?odox numb] ( col\rs increas$ to twelve4 ,9 ! ,phd1 9 t la/ beautiful fable :i* ,socrates relates to com=t 8 fri5ds1 j be=e he ba!s & prep>es to dr9k ! poison1 he tells ( a _w inhabit$ by ! immortals1 to :om ! guidance ( human affairs is giv51 z well z ( a _w prep>$ = ! spirits ( good m52 & says1 ?is sup]ior 8_w1 if survey$ f on high1 appe>s l a globe cov]$ ) twelve sk9s1 v>i\s & di/+ui%$ ) col\rs1 a patt]n ( :i* are ! col\rs f\nd among u1 & :i* our pa9t]s use#bce40 ,b !re w\ld h be5 no?+ m>vell\s1 no?+ out ( ! rea* ( o!r m51 9 admitt+ t ! greate/ pa9t]s ( antiquity 7 provid$ ) a good palette ( col\rs4 ,x 0 m agreeable to make !m execute extraord9>y works ) inadequate means1 & s keep !m z a race ap>t1 & f> excell+ :at ^! deg5]ate days c produce4 ,x w\ld n h be5 wor? :ile to notice ,pl9y's spl5etic s5t5ce on ! f\r col\rs1 _h x n be5 r5d]$ important by ! use1 or r abuse1 ( x 9 mod]n times1 & ,i c\ld n let x pass unnotic$ & uncontradict$1 :5 s _m pro(s ( its want ( f\ndation 7 to be f\nd 9 8 own book1 & 9 numb]less facts connect$ ) ! mo/ anci5t works ( art 9 exi/5ce4 ,i w n[ proce$ to give su* an acc\nt z ,i h be5 able to glean f writ]s 9 diff]5t ages1 ( ! pigm5ts ei!r =m]ly or n[ 9 use4 ,( ! :ite col\r+ matt]s1 t mo/ us$ by mod]n pa9t]s c\ld n h be5 ( great value to ! anci5ts1 unless !y _h "s oils1 or vehicles equival5t1 :]e) to apply x2 = x turns black :5 us$ 9 wat] or fresco pa9t+4 ,i mean c]use1 or :ite lead#bcf4 ,pl9y speaks ( t f ,spa9 z ! be/ = pa9t]s2 & he also names calc9$ c]use1 ! use ( :i* 0 discov]$ by ! accid5t ( a %ip tak+ fire 9 ! port ( ,piru1 :5 ! c]use 9 pots :i* 0 on bo>d 0 consequ5tly calc9$4 ,x is rem>kable t ^! pots ( c]use _h be5 br\ght f ,spa9 = ! use ( ! ,greek ladies1 :o pa9t$ _! faces ) x4 ,c5n9o praises ! same :ite highly2 b w>ns fresco pa9t]s aga9/ x#bcg2 & our mod]n arti/s use x to temp] mo/ ( _! col\rs 9 oil4 ,next to ! c]use1 ! anci5ts valu$ z :ite a natural e>? f ,egypt1 ,crete1 & ,cyr5e1 :i* ,pl9y tells u is said to be h>d5$ sea foam mix$ ) mud1 & t accord+ly m9ute %ells 7 f\nd 9 x4 ,?is %\ld be ! me]s*aum1 s valu$ = ! bolls ( tobacco-pipes 9 ,g]many1 b ! me]s*aum has no %ells4 ,he calls x ,p>tonum1 & says x made ! be/ & f9e/ wa% = walls & f9e /ucco4 ,!re 0 also a v f9e :ite pigm5t1 made ( *alk1 gr\nd ) ! :ite glass ( :i* r+s & o!r ornam5ts 7 made2 x 0 !re=e call$ annul>e4 ,next to ?is1 z a natural e>?1 t call$ ,eretria1 bo? raw & calc9$1 0 valu$2 & !n ,mel9um1 f ! isle ( ,melos2 :i* la/ 01 h[ev]1 (t5 too unctu\s = pa9t]s' use1 9 :i* case x suit$ ! full]s bett]4 ,giotto's :ite 0 call$ ,bianco di ,san ,giovanni1 & seems to h be5 compos$ ( ! f9e/ lime1 repeat$ly wa%$ & beat5 to purify x1 & !n made into small cakes1 & dri$ 9 ! sun4 ,! natural :ite e>?s 7 also us$1 especially 9 fresco pa9t+4 ,9 mod]n practice _m :ite e>?s & "s prep>ations ( %ells are us$4 ,besides ^!1 & :ite lead1 !re are also prep>ations ( z9c1 t91 & b>ytes1 :i* are available 9 diff]5t dep>tm5ts ( art4 ,( yell[s1 x 0 impossible = any "o seek+ to miss !m1 z !y ab\nd 9 mo/ c\ntries2 & ^? ( ! mo/ durable & be/ k9ds1 namely ! o*res4 ,! ,attic & ,gallic sils or o*res 7 pale1 & 7 us$ = lights by ,polygnotus & ,micon2 b !re 7 _m o*res f\nd 9 ,campania & 9 ! hills n f> f ,rome1 :i* 7 us$ bo? raw & burnt4 ,! burn+ ( o*res g5]ally r5d]s ! col\rs m transp>5t & d>k]1 s t "s ( ! o*res assume a r$di% hue1 especially ! ,si5na e>?4 ,common yell[ o*re1 :5 burnt1 is ! col\r call$ light-r$1 admirable = fle% t9ts2 & s inde$ are _m ( ! o!r r$ o*res1 :e!r natural1 or artificially col\r$ by fire4 ,! anci5ts us$ ! o*res ( ,scyros & ,lydia = %ad[s4 ,! d>k e>?s f ^? c\ntries resemble t call$ umb]1 produc$ 9 ,umbria1 ! use ( :i* might be unkn[n to ! ,greeks#bch4 ,^! diff]5t o*res cont9ue ev5 n[ to be us$1 & to !m are add$ v>ieties ( mod]n discov]y1 produc$ 9 ,engl&1 ,spa91 & o!r c\ntries4 ,orpim5t1 or ! sulphurett$ oxide ( ars5ic1 0 kn[n z a pigm5t to ! anci5ts4 ,its hue1 approa*+ to gold1 induc$ ,caligula to attempt to extract gold f x2 & x is said t he succe$$ 9 procur+ a small quantity f "s br\ght f ,syria4 ,we are ignorant h[ ! anci5t pa9t]s appli$ x4 ,c5n9o says1 x is nei!r good nor la/+ 9 fresco or di/emp]2 b t ) glue or size1 x may be us$ 9 o!r pictures4 ,x is /ill us$ by pa9t]s1 b is an unc]ta9 col\r#bci4 ,! mo/ brilliant & mo/ valu$ r$ 0 v]milion4 ,i suppose also t x 0 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t pigm5ts4 ,hom] says1 9 ! catalogue ( ! %ips1 ! twelve galleys ( ,ulysses 7 pa9t$ ) x#bdj2 & ,i suspect t !re 0 "s my/ical sacr$ness atta*$ to x1 because x 0 ! cu/om 9 ,rome1 t ! fir/ act ( a ,c5sor on ent]+ into (fice1 0 to r\ge ,jupit]'s face ) v]milion#bda4 ,!y pa9t$ all ! gods' faces ) x4 ,horace flatt]s ,augu/us by mak+ him receiv$ among ! gods1 & dr9k+ nect> betwe5 ,h]cules & ,pollux1 ) a v]milion face4 ,at ,a!ns1 cords /a9$ ) p[d]$ v]milion 7 employ$ to drive ! p to ! public meet+s4 ,! dramatic poets introduc$ ?is cu/om frequ5tly on ! sc5e2 & x w\ld appe> t ! h9dmo/ _h ! wor/1 ^? :o 7 caught ) _! robes /a9$ by ! cords1 7 f9$ = non-att5dance at _! public duties4 ,?is same v]milion 0 c]ta9ly e>ly us$ by pa9t]s1 & 0 mu* improv$1 z ,!ophra/us says#bdb1 by ,callias1 an ,a!nian1 :o calc9$ x1 & br\ght x to its v f9e col\r4 ,9 its r\gh /ate x is kn[n z c9nab>2 & h5ce1 bo? 9 anci5t & mod]n times1 x has be5 tak5 = o!r m9]al r$s2 &1 :at is worse1 (t5 adult]at$ ) !m4 ,9 its pure /ate1 x is a la/+ col\r4 ,c5n9o calls x c9abro4 ,8 c9abrese is a r$ us$ = fle% :5 mix$ ) :ite 9 fresco works2 x is made f s9opia1 or r$ bole or o*re1 native 9 ,cappadocia1 & ( ! ,bianco ,san ,giovanni#bdc4 ,m9ium1 or r$ lead#bdd1 seems to h be5 conf\nd$ by ! writ]s on col\rs ) native c9nab>2 ?\gh ! pa9t] w\ld soon h reason to regret us+ m9ium = v]milion1 z m9ium black5s on exposure to light & air1 unless secur$ by /rong v>ni%es or coats ( wax4 ,( ! r$ e>?s or o*res ,pl9y places ! s9opia1 ( :i* ,i h already spok51 fir/4 ,x is n[ sold 9 ! %ops z ,arm5ian bole1 & is us$ 9 "s manufactures4 ,mattioli1 quot+ f ,dioscorides1 says1 t ! be/ 0 consid]$ to be t ( a deep liv] col\r1 smoo?1 & heavy4 ,ak9 to ?is is ! common ruddle or r$ e>?1 us$ by ! anci5ts z well z ! mod]ns1 9 ! process ( gild+2 &1 be+ prop]ly gr\nd & wa%$1 useful 9 mo/ k9ds ( pa9t+1 b especially fresco4 ,dragon's-blood 0 kn[n to ! anci5ts z a pigm5t2 b1 f ,pl9y's acc\nt ( x1 !y 7 cle>ly ignorant ( its nature4 ,c5n9o names x b ) contempt1 & x is n mu* valu$ by ! mod]ns#bde4 ,) ! anci5ts1 :o d n appe> to h kn[n any ( ! lakes1 x 0 diff]5t2 !y valu$ x mu*1 &1 x is said1 us$ x = _! mono*rome pictures#bdf4 ,if !y did s1 x confirms ,fuseli's acc\nt ( ! process ( pa9t+1 or r ( draw+1 ^? pictures4 ,x is a res9 ( a w>m semi-transp>5t1 dulli% r$ col\r2 & is be/ us$ z a v>ni% :i* d>k5s on exposure to ! air4 ,if ?is v>ni% 7 laid ov] ! :ite gr\nd ( ! mono*romes1 aft] ! fir/ process ( draw+ ) ! po9t1 ! outl9e w\ld be se5 ?r\gh1 & ! ind5tation made by ! po9t ^u ! t5d] *alk gr\nd be+ fill$ up ) ! v>ni%1 w\ld pres5t a d>k outl9e1 ! po9t be+ !n appli$1 w\ld cut d[n to ! :ite gr\nd1 & s produce ! light reliefs#bdg4 ,! o!r r$s kn[n to ! anci5ts appe> to h be5 mo/ly opaque4 ,c5n9o m5tions ,lac or ,lake4 ,b x appe>s t 9 8 days x 0 pr9cipally procur$ by dis*>g+ ! col\r f %r$s ( sc>let & purple clo?s4 ,8 editor imag9es t he also knew & recomm5d$ gum lac4 ,be t z x may1 nei!r ! anci5ts nor ! s*ool ( ,giotto seem to h kn[n any?+ ( ! f9e lakes2 :e!r prep>$ f ! ,indian gums1 f madd]1 or f o!r sub/ances1 t enri* ! palette ( pa9t]s1 bo? 9 oil & wat]-col\rs n[4 ,sir ,humphrey ,davy1 h[ev]1 seems to ?9k t lake made f madd] may h be5 kn[n to ! anci5ts#bdh4 ,( blue col\r+ sub/ances1 ! mo/ beautiful kn[n to ! anci5ts1 z to u1 0 ultram>9e4 ,pl9y says ! be/ ( azures came f ,egypt1 ! second k9d f ,scy?ia1 & a ?ird f ,cyprus4 ,x is n possible to det]m9e accurately :e!r all ^! 7 true ultram>9e1 = x appe>s t !n1 z n[1 x 0 (t5 adult]at$1 & ev5 imitat$1 by boil+ native blue e>?s ) woad1 or by gr9d+ smalt ) x4 ,t manufactur$ 9 ,spa91 & at ,puteoli1 0 entirely artificial#bdi4 ,x is said1 on ! au?ority ( ,!ophra/us1 t "o ( ! k+s ( ,egypt inv5t$ ! me?od ( mak+ ! beautiful ,arm5ian blue1 s preci\s t k+s s5t pres5ts ( x to ea* o!r4 ,& ?is corresponds ) ! value ( ultram>9e at all times4 ,! ,lapis ,lazuli1 f :i* ! col\r is made1 is f\nd 9 ,sib]ia1 & on ! bord]s ( ,p]sia1 z well z 9 ,*9a1 :]e ! prep>ation ( ! col\r has long be5 kn[n4 ,x is probable t ! sup]iority ( ! col\r br\ght f ,egypt 0 ow+ to ! me?od ( prep>+ x1 = ! mo/ g5u9e k9ds 7 c]ta9ly likely to be ^? ( ,scy?ia & ,arm5ia#bej4 ,( t br\ght f ,scy?ia !re 7 f\r prep>ations ( diff]5t degrees ( beauty & int5sity ( col\r2 & %ortly be=e ,pl9y wrote1 "o ,ne/or _h inv5t$ a new prep>ation f ! lighte/ "p ( ! ,egyptian blue4 ,! e>lie/ ,*ri/ian pa9t]s appropriat$ x to pa9t+ ! robes ( ! ,virg9 ,m>y1 & call$ x aft] h] "n1 & x is mu* m probable t ^? arti/s inh]it$ ! mode ( prep>+ x1 ?an t x 0 inv5t$ 9 ! /ill rude times 9 :i* ! arts began to revive4 ,i saw 9 ! middle *ur* ( ! sacr$ conv5t at ,assisi1 a l>ge j> :i* _h be5 s5t to ! pa9t]s1 ,cimabue1 ,giotto1 & _! pupils1 full ( ultram>9e by ! ,que5 ( ,cyprus#bea1 = ! purpose ( pa9t+ t magnific5t *ur*4 ,"s ( ! anci5t imitations 71 z ,i h said1 compos$ ( e>? boil$ ) woad1 ^? ( ,c5n9o's "t 7 boil$ ) indigo in/ead ( woad4 ,! blue e>?s f ,g]many appe> to h be5 long kn[n1 inde$ ! cobalt1 ?\gh t "n _h n !n be5 giv5 to x1 0 necess>y = col\r+ ! glasses & pa/es us$ = fictiti\s gems by ! anci5t arti/s#beb4 ,indigo _h be5 introduc$ into ! we/ f ,india n long be=e ,pl9y's "t4 ,pa9t]s _h1 h[ev]1 imm$iately adopt$ x = %ad[s & = /rong l9es4 ,! gre5 col\rs 7 procur$ 9 great "p by ! anci5ts z !y 7 9 ! middle ages1 & are n[1 by ! mixture ( blues ) yell[s4 ,!re 71 h[ev]1 sev]al gre5 e>?s 9 use1 & _m oxides ( copp]1 sometimes us$ 9 a fluid1 sometimes 9 a solid /ate4 ,! pr9cipal gre5 e>? us$ by ! anci5ts 0 *rysocolla1 or borax4 ,mac$onia1 ,arm5ia1 & ,spa91 furni%$ ! be/ raw mat]ial2 b ! be/ manufactory appe>s to h be5 9 ,cyprus4 ,"o k9d ( x1 by boil+ ) dy]s' we$1 assum$ a gold5 yell[ hue1 & 0 !n call$ orobites4 ,! be/ me?od ( us+ x 01 to lay fir/ a gr\nd ( ! :ite e>?1 p>tonum1 !n to wa% t ov] ) vitriol1 & s lay on ! *rysocolla1 :i* is v brilliant1 ov] t gr\nd4 ,! gre5 made f orobites mix$ ) azure is n durable1 ?\gh bright#bec4 ,! borax is1 d\btless1 ! t]ra v]de ( ,c5n9o1 ! t]re v]te ( ! mod]ns2 ! be/ is n[ procur$ f ,holl&1 :]e ! art ( prep>+ x is und]/ood4 ,= "s ages ?is art 0 9 ! h&s ( ! ,v5etians1 :o import$ ! borax f ,india1 ,p]sia1 & ,*9a1 :]e x is produc$ at ! bottom ( "s lakes4 ,x is also f\nd 9 simil> situations 9 ,tuscany#bed4 ,b v]digris1 v>i\sly prep>$1 0 us$ bo? by pa9t]s & ! manufactur]s ( glass = ornam5tal purposes1 z well z by surgeons & physicians = potions & pla/]s among ! anci5ts4 ,9 ,giotto's "t1 x ent]$ into ! composition ( _m t9ts1 sev]al ( :i*1 h[ev]1 fad$ easily4 ,) ! mod]ns x is n mu* us$1 z be+ apt to disagree ) "s o!r pigm5ts1 & difficult ( application4 ,x 0 an +r$i5t 9 ! pa9t]'s black1 call$ atram5tum#bee4 ,h[ev]1 mo/ ( ! blacks us$ 7 ( ! soot collect$ f burn+ v>i\s sub/ances1 su* z res91 or pit*1 v little diff]5t f common lamp-black1 :i*1 mix$ ) copp]as1 0 mo/ly us$ = writ+ ink4 ,polygnotus & ,mycon made _! black ( ! refuse ( ! w9e-press1 burnt4 ,apelles us$ burnt ivory4 ,( ! ,indian black#bef ! nature or manufacture 0 unkn[n to ,pl9y1 z x is to u4 ,an excell5t black 0 procur$ bo? f ! soot & a%es ( tor*-wood1 ! soot adh]+ to ! dy]s' copp]s 0 also s\ght aft]1 & "s pa9t]s imag9$ t ! a%es f a fun]al pile 7 pref]able to all4 ,?is is prop]ly treat$ by ,pl9y z m]e sup]/ition4 ,:5 any ( ^! blacks 7 us$ z ink1 gum ( "s k9d 0 add$4 ,= pa9t+ on walls size 0 ! necess>y vehicle4 ,b v9eg> 0 9 all cases f\nd to be ! be/ +r$i5t to mix ! col\r prop]ly4 ,dioscorides says t ! soot f glass furnaces 0 us$ = ink4 ,to ^! blacks1 ,c5n9o adds ! burnt /ones ( pea*es1 & %ells ( almonds1 or burnt v9e twigs4 ,!y 7 to be mix$ ) v>i\s vehicles accord+ to ! "w requir$4 ,9 ,india a f9e black is made f burnt cocoa-nut %ells4 ,!re 0 a col\r v mu* us$ by ! anci5ts = glaz+4 ,x 0 roset1 or purple-r$1 procur$ by ?r[+ ,tripoli /one into ! vats :]e f9e purple dyes 7 boil+#beg4 ,to make a f9e r$ 9 pa9t+1 ! gr\nd 0 laid ) s&yx#beh1 & !n glaz$ ) roset mix$ ) :ite ( egg4 ,:5 a f9e purple 0 requir$ ! gr\nd 0 laid ) blue1 ov] :i* ! roset 0 appli$ ) ! same vehicle4 ,! roset ( ,puteoli 0 reckon$ ! be/1 ?\gh f9] dyes 7 produc$ by ! ,tyrians1 ,getulians1 & ,lac$emonians4 ,! col\r m5tion$ by ,c5n9o mo/ ak9 to ?is1 is 8 ameti/o1 :i* he describes z a native m9]al col\r4 ,arm59o talks ( a pavonazzo /ill m l x 9 its prop]ties4 ,we h a purple m9]al1 f\nd 9 ! ,=e/ ( ,deane1 b 9 g5]al our purples & purple br[ns are n[ produc$ f madd]1 or f metallic oxides4 ,su* is ! scanty in=mation ,i am able to give conc]n+ ! anci5t pigm5ts1 ) any degree ( c]ta9ty4 ,v>i\s e>?s 7 br\ght into ! m>ket f ,g]many & ,gaul2 & x is improbable t ! ,cologne1 & o!r ri* br[n e>?s1 %\ld h be5 neglect$4 ,cyprus appe>s to h furni%$ ! pa9t]s' %ops ) ! greate/ numb] & v>iety1 bo? ( native & manufactur$ col\rs1 & no d\bt ! ,v5etians succe$$ to h] k & skill 9 ?is matt]1 z !y did to h] comm]ce & m>itime p[]#bei4 ,i h spok5 ) m confid5ce on ! subjects ( mo/ ( ! antique col\rs ?an ,i %\ld o!rwise h done1 f hav+ a cle> recollection ( a conv]sation ,i _h ) ,sir ,humphrey ,davy1 j aft] he _h be5 engag$ 9 exam9+ sev]al j>s ( antique pigm5ts t _h be5 discov]$ on an e/ate belong+ to ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,t>5tum#bfj4 ,he told me t n "o ( ^? he _h exam9$ diff]$ 9 sub/ance f ^? n[ us$ = ! same purposes4 ,x w be v difficult inde$ to po9t out ) tol]able probability ! vehicles us$ = pa9t+ by ! anci5t pa9t]s2 c]ta9ty1 except+ to a v limit$ ext5t1 is impossible4 ,"t1 :i* has 9 "s in/ances sp>$ col\rs s z to p]mit a satisfactory exam9ation into _! nature1 has uni=mly dri$ up ! sub/ances ( ! vehicles ) :i* !y 7 laid on2 s t x is only :]e su* ?+s are actually nam$ by anci5t au?ors1 & t is v sp>+ly1 t we c feel any confid5ce z to ! matt]#bfa4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a s\rce ( probable conjecture :i* ought n to be neglect$4 ,! use ( oils1 res9s & gums 9 m$ic9e has be5 record$2 & ! mixtures ( ^? incid5tally nam$1 are s ne>ly :at we f9d us$ among ! e>lie/ pa9t]s1 ( ^: works we h any te*nical acc\nt1 t x is sc>cely possible to believe t !y 7 ov]look$ by ! anci5ts4 ,= ! e>ly pictures on walls1 :e!r ! gr\nd 7 ( /one or /ucco1 lime-wat] 0 d\btless f\nd to be a suffici5t b9d]4 ,b to adorn ! mummy c(f9s some?+ m ?an wat] mu/ h be5 requir$4 ,! ,egyptians _h ! advantage ( sev]al native gum-be>+ trees4 ,! ,acacia ,nilotica1 :i* produces ! ,gum ,arabic2 ! ,s>cocolla#bfb1 ! gum ( :i* ,pl9y expressly says is us$ by pa9t]s z well z physicians2 & ! tree or %rub produc+ ! ,gum ,s5egal2 ! ,t]eb9?1 yield+ ! manna ?uris1 ,gum ,ammoniac#bfc & ,s&>a*#bfd1 7 likewise all to be f\nd on ! bord]s ( ,egypt2 & "s ( ^!1 we "k f ,h]odotus1 7 employ$ 9 embalm+1 & !re=e v probably z vehicles = ! col\rs ) :i* !y hon\r$ & ornam5t$ ! dead4 ,! desire ( %[+ respect to ! rema9s ( ^? we h once lov$ is a bless$ pr9ciple ( our nature4 ,x is at once ! cause & ! effect ( t t5d] c>e ( human life :i* becomes "o ( ! fir/ pr9ciples ( civilisation4 ,x is respect & duty1 be/[$ :]e no selfi%ness c ev] expect a return1 & by ! v occupation x =ces ^u u1 breaks ! fir/ ov]:elm+ viol5ce ( grief1 :5 ! day ( dea?1 ( :i* no prep>ation ev] took away ! bitt]ness1 arrives1 & all[s u "t & occasion to ex]t t moral resolution necess>y to a due submission to ! w ( ,,him1 :o kn[e? be/ :5 to give & :5 to take away4 ,! solemn dea?-rites ( ! ,egyptians 7 practis$ by prie/s & physicians1 aid$ by pr(essional embalm]s2 & _! daily practice mu/ h l$ to a k ( _m physiological facts advantage\s to ! sci5ce ( m$ic9e4 ,! se>* aft] sub/ances calculat$ to pres]ve ! body c\ld n fail to lead to *emical discov]ies ( equal value to ! arts4 ,! c\ntry itself furni%$ "s ( ^! sub/ances1 b ,arabia & ! neighb\r+ nations /ill m4 ,among ^!1 ! asphaltum1 pissasphaltum1 & petroleum1 br\ght f ! ,dead ,sea1 f ,babylon1 & f ! prov9ce ( ,maz5d]an1 appe> to h be5 mo/ g5]ally us$2 & x is a curi\s fact1 t a sub/ance aris+ f ! p>tial decomposition ( ! bodies1 mix$ ) ^! m9]al sub/ances1 %\ld1 v e>ly "u ! "n ( mummy1 h be5 employ$ by ,arabian & ,jewi% physicians 9 m$ic9e4 ,x is /ill /rang] t x %\ld h kept its place 9 ! mat]ia m$ica ( mo/ nations till v lately1 & ,i "q :e!r x be yet entirely expung$ f !m4 ,z a col\r+ matt]1 ! same mummy 0 highly e/eem$1 & is /ill (t5 us$4 ,b x is giv+ way to o!r prep>ations ( asphaltum ) wax1 oil1 or "s equival5t sub/ance4 ,! prejudice :i* l$ to ! seek+ among ! co/ly embalm$ bodies ( ,egypt a rem$y = disease1 is ak9 to t :i* is n yet q explod$ ev5 9 ,engl&1 & :i* leads ! vulg> to pass ! h& ( a hang$ man ov] scrophul\s swell+s z a c]ta9 cure4 ,f ?is /range sup]/ition ev5 ,boyle 0 n s free1 b t1 9 giv+ a recipe = "s prep>ation1 he m5tions ! calc9$ arm bone ( a hang$ man r$uc$ to p[d] z an +r$i5t6 ,?is same prejudice1 or some?+ l x1 l$ ! pa9t]s ( antiquity to rake1 z ,pl9y says1 among ! a%es ( a fun]al pile = a sup]ior black pigm5t1 & induc$ m mod]n arti/s to use mummy br[n4 ,! common bitum5 or asphaltum1 0 kn[n by ! e>ly physicians to mix readily ) oil1 & 0 mu* us$ z an ext]nal application2 v anci5t arti/s also v>ni%$ _! /atues ( wood or metal ) t mixture1 to pres]ve !m f ! action ( ! air#bfe4 ,b !re 0 a f9] sub/ance1 call$ by ,pl9y an e>?1 ampelitis1 :i* be+ s(t5$ 9 oil work$ l wax4 ,besides ! use ( ! ampelitis = pla/]s1 ! antique m5 ( ! _w us$ x to black5 _! eyebr[s & col\r _! hair#bff4 ,) ^! uses ( asphaltum & ampelitis1 s(t5$ or dissolv$ 9 oil1 ! antique pa9t]s mu/ h be5 famili>1 & x is difficult to imag9e t !y did n avail !mselves ( s agreeable a col\r & v>ni%4 ,x answ]s1 9 a great degree1 to ! acc\nt giv5 ( ! d>k fluid ) :i* ,apelles v>ni%$ 8 pictures4 ,x w\ld c]ta9ly pres]ve !m f ! effects ( du/ & wet2 x w\ld make ! col\rs ri*]1 &1 at ! same "t1 s(t5 ! h>%ness ( ! m gl>+ ones4 ,pl9y enum]ates _m res9s :i* 7 to be dissolv$ 9 oil be=e !y c\ld be us$ z l9im5ts4 ,!y are su* z fl[ f ! t]eb9?1 l>*1 l5tisk or ma/ic1 & cypress2 besides ! p9e or pit* trees4 ,he also names _m gums :i* might be dissolv$ 9 wat]1 or w9e1 or v9eg>1 or a mixture ( v9eg> & wax4 ,"s ( ^! gums he occasionally names z useful to pa9t]s2 & x is n unreasonable to conclude1 t ^? prep>ations ( !m ) oil1 :i* w\ld r5d] !m s peculi>ly conv5i5t z vehicles = col\r1 or v>ni%es = pres]v+ pictures1 7 n ov]look$4 ,su* mu/ h be5 ! v>ni% employ$ by ! ,egyptian pa9t]s2 ! brilliant appe>ance ( :i* is m5tion$ 9 ,mr4 ,clift's lett]1 pr9t$ at ! end ( ! fir/ ,essay4 ,!re is ! au?ority ( ,vitruvius = ! anci5t use ( oil 9 pa9t+ doors & o!r wood-"w expos$ to ! wea!r4 ,) reg>d to %ips1 x appe>s t _! col\rs--& we "k f ,hom] t !y 7 pa9t$ 9 v anci5t times--c\ld n h be5 laid on ) wat]4 ,i am ignorant h[ f> petroleum1 :i* 0 kn[n to ,h]odotus1 0 calculat$ to resi/ wea!r1 or :e!r any ( ! res9s or juices f ! v>i\s k9ds ( fir & p9e might1 by be+ mix$ ) x1 r5d] x fit = ! purpose4 ,pl9y m5tions ! sub/ance scrap$ (f ! bottoms ( %ips1 z a mixture ( pit* & wax1 ( :i* a pla/] ( great efficacy = "s k9ds ( sores 0 made4 ,x is cle>1 !re=e1 t pit* & wax 7 bo? us$ to def5d ! bottoms & seams ( ! %ips f ! effects ( ! wat]1 &1 probably1 also to r5d] !m smoo!r1 & s to (f] less resi/ance to ! waves4 ,b ! v]milion-pr[$ %ips mu/ h be5 pa9t$1 & v probably 9 ! encau/ic mann]2 t is1 by lay+ on ! col\r or ! wax to def5d x1 hot2 ?is w\ld answ] ! d\ble purpose ( %ield+ ! col\r1 & s5d+ ! wax or pit* f>!r into ! sub/ance ( ! wood1 :i* w\ld ?us be bett] pres]v$4 ,inde$1 until ! g5]al adoption ( oil z a vehicle = col\r1 no?+ b ! encau/ic process c\ld h pres]v$ ! figure-heads & ! designs on ! /]ns ( ! anci5t %ips dur+ ! %orte/ voyage#bfg4 ,x is a pity t ,pl9y has n left u a m m9ute acc\nt ( ! process ( encau/ic pa9t+2 b x appe>s to h be5 s commonly kn[n & practis$ 9 8 "t1 t he has n consid]$ x wor? :ile to describe x p>ticul>ly4 ,he m5tions ! d\btfulness ( its orig9 & ( its inv5tor1 b speaks ( mo/ ( ! beautiful works ( ,pausias z hav+ be5 execut$ 9 t mann]4 ,9 a subsequ5t passage1 writ+ ( v]milion & m9ium1 & ( ! great luxury at :i* ! ,romans ( 8 "t _h arriv$ 9 f9e col\rs1 he m5tions t walls col\r$ ) ^? exp5sive pigm5ts 7 apt to black5 unless def5d$ by a v>ni% ( wax1 = :i* he gives ! foll[+ recipe3-- 8,take :ite ,punic wax1 melt x ) oil1 & :ile x is hot wa% ! pa9t+ ov] ) p5cils1 or f9e bru%es ( bri/les1 dipp$ 9 ! same v>ni%4 ,:5 laid on x mu/ be well rubb$1 & heat$ aga9 ) r$-hot coals ( gall-nuts1 held close to x1 till ! wall may sweat & fry aga91 !n rub x well ) wax$ clo?s1 & !n ) clean l95 clo?s#bfh40 ,?is1 ,i believe1 is ! longe/ & cle>e/ acc\nt we h ( ?is me?od ( pa9t+ or r v>ni%+4 ,b !re is ano!r passage 9 ! same au?or1 f :i* x w\ld appe> t col\rs 7 made up ) wax = use4 ,= t case ! above v>ni% w\ld be mo/ appropriate1 & )\t ! inconv5i5ces ( su* v>ni%es z are compos$ ( matt]s :i* d n correspond ) ! nature ( ! col\rs & vehicles !y cov]4 ,! passage is z foll[s3 8,if "o be dispos$ to make black wax1 let him put !reto--i4 e4 to blea*$ ,punic wax--a%es ( pap]1 l z ) an addition ( or*anet1 x w be r$4 ,moreov]1 wax may be br\ght to all mann] ( col\rs = pa9t]s1 limn]s1 & enamell]s1 & su* curi\s artific]s1 to repres5t ! =m & similitude ( any?+ !y li/4 ,& = a ?\s& o!r purposes m5 h us$ !re(1 b pr9cipally to pres]ve _! walls & arm\rs )al#bfi40 ,we "k1 !n1 t ! anci5ts us$ wat]1 :ite ( egg1 solutions ( v>i\s gums1 v9eg> & wax1 ) or )\t oil4 ,we may inf] also t !y us$ solutions ( res9\s sub/ances 9 oil1 asphaltum1 & petroleum1 because !y 7 well acqua9t$ ) prep>ations ( ^!1 & _! application to a v>iety ( purposes4 ,b x w\ld be ra% z useless to ass]t t !y pa9t$ ) ?is or t mat]ial1 hav+ no positive in=mation on ! subject1 & no examples ( antique pictures1 :i* c d m ?an indicate ! nature ( _! works 9 fresco or di/emp]4 ,mr4 ,raspe1 9 8 +5i\s essay on oil pa9t+1 z kn[n to ! anci5ts1 has lab\r$ to prove too mu*1 & has !re=e n receiv$ all ! cr$it he des]ves#bgj2 b 8 pr9t+ ! text ( ! monk ,!ophilus1 & ( "p ( ,h]aclius on ! arts ( ! ,romans1 des]ves our gratitude#bga4 ,bo? ^! au?ors direct1 t col\rs = pa9t+ doors1 & = prep>+ panel = pictures1 %\ld be gr\nd 9 l9se$ oil2 & !y obs]ve1 t all k9ds ( col\rs be> gr9d+ 9 oil4 ,b all _c be gr\nd ) gum1 & !re=e :ite & r$ lead & c>m9e mu/ be gr\nd ) :ite ( egg1 :]e oil is n us$4 ,:5 a transp>5t pa9t+ 0 requir$ ov] a gr\nd ( oil1 !n col\r mix$ ) l9se$ oil 0 absolutely necess>y#bgb4 ,! next p]iod at :i* we "k f a contempor>y writ] :at vehicles 7 us$1 is ! end ( ! f\rte5? c5tury1 or ! beg9n+ ( ! fifte5?1 :5 ,c5n9o wrote2 b he pr(esses to give ! exact process ( ,giotto1 a c5tury e>li]1 be+ himself v old :5 he compos$ 8 "w1 & hav+ be5 ! appr5tice ( ,taddeo ,gaddi1 ! imm$iate pupil1 assi/ant1 &1 9 "s p>ticul>s1 ! rival1 ( ,giotto4 ,! usual vehicle or tempora appe>s to h be5 ! :ole egg beat up ) a gill ( pure wat] to ea* egg1 & mix$ ) ! milky juice ( ! fig-tree1 :]e x 0 procurable4 ,sev]al col\rs1 h[ev]1 c\ld n be us$ ) ?is ord9>y vehicle1 because ( ! yell[ col\r ( ! yolk1 :i* turn$ ! blues gre51 & injur$ "s o!r pigm5ts4 ,9 t case1 ! :ite ( egg cl>ifi$ 0 us$1 or f9e size made ( ! clipp+s ( p>*m5t1 or ev5 fl\r pa/e well1 b n too mu*1 boil$4 ,a vehicle ( ! yolk ( egg alone1 = su* col\rs z 7 n injur$ by ! yell[1 0 f\nd to answ] equally well 9 fresco1 9 di/emp]1 & on panel4 ,?\gh ,c5n9o knew1 & p]haps occasionally practis$ pa9t+ 9 oil1 x is evid5t t ! oil 0 us$ by him & 8 ma/]s *iefly z a v>ni%4 ,he directs x to be prep>$ ne>ly accord+ to ! recipe ( ! monk ,!ophilus2 ! diff]5ce be+1 t ! oil is to be simm]$ till "o half is evaporat$1 & ! pure res9 is to be add$1 9 ! proportion ( an ounce to e p\nd ( ! raw l9se$ oil4 ,arm59o1 9 ,a4 ,d4 #afjj1 repeats ne>ly all ,c5n9o says ( vehicles2 he adds sev]al compositions1 "o ( :i* only ,i %all notice1 because he tells u t he _h he>d f ! s*ol>s ( ,corregio1 t x 0 us$ by t great man4 ,a v>ni% compos$ ( ! pure/ turp5t9e#bgc1 made hot1 to :i* 0 add$ an equal measure ( petroleum1 0 spread ov] ! picture1 previ\sly w>m$ 9 ! sun or o!rwise4 ,?is is said to h be5 ?91 lucid1 & durable4 ,z to mod]n vehicles1 !re is no new oil discov]$ by *emi/s t has n be5 tri$1 nor any comb9ations ( gums & res9s1 ) oils1 :e!r fix$ or ess5tial4 ,! desire ( quickly dry+ sub/ances has also produc$ a v>iety ( vehicles & v>ni%es1 all ( :i*1 9 p>ticul> cases1 & = c]ta9 purposes1 seem to h answ]$4 ,b _! use has disappo9t$ ! arti/ 9 o!rs4 ,p]haps s great a v>iety by tempt+ to injudici\s mixtures1 may h caus$ ! p>tial failure4 ,?is is a "q1 h[ev]1 = practical arti/s2 my bus9ess is only to relate hi/orically :at has be5 done1 n to comm5t on :at is actually do+1 or %\ld be done4 ,& n[ we mu/ inquire :at tools 7 us$ by antique arti/s4 ,"h aga9 ,mr4 ,wilk9son is our be/ in=mant4 ,9 ! unf9i%$ pictures 9 "s ( ! catacombs1 he saw traces ( ! use ( *>coal po9ts1 & also ( r$ outl9es1 correspond+ n only ) ! practice recomm5d$ by ,c5n9o1 b ) :at ,i saw 9 ! ,campo ,santo at ,pisa1 :]e1 ! upp] /ucco hav+ fall5 (f1 ^u :i* ! pictures !mselves _h be5 pa9t$ :ile wet1 a l9e drawn 9 r$ e>?1 l ! bole ( ,s9ope1 appe>$ ^u ! co>s] gr\nd1 & _h evid5tly be5 correct$ prep>atory to lay+ ! true gr\nd & col\r4 ,! metal po9ts us$ = draw+ by ! e>ly ,greeks1 7 mo/ likely us$ also by ! ,egyptians1 :]e requir$2 b ! pa9t+s we are be/ acqua9t$ )1 namely1 ^? on ! mummy cases1 are outl9$1 if n ) a p5 or re$1 ) a f9e p5cil4 ,9 ! curi\s collection ( ,egyptian furniture1 tools1 c41 br\ght toge!r by ,mr4 ,sams1 !re 7 "s palettes2 !y 7 oblong1 & _h a sort ( case at "o end = ! p5cils & bru%es1 & at ! o!r a h&le4 ,! plates 9 ,rossell9i's ,egypt %[ ! mann] 9 :i* ^! 7 us$4 ,d',ag9c\rt gives "s trac+s f an illum9at$ ,,ms4 ,dioscorides1 9 ! libr>y at ,vi5na1 9 two ( :i* we f9d an arti/'s /udy2 9 "o1 a pa9tress is at "w ^u a picture sket*$ ^u a moveable frame1 n unlike ^? us$ = ne$le-"w2 h] col\rs appe> to be 9 a box1 z wat] col\rs w\ld be1 & %e has a small palette held 9 ! palm ( h] left h&4 ,! o!r is a pa9t] employ$ 9 draw+ a plant2 8 easel is ?ree-legg$1 8 pap] is p9n$ or tack$ to a widi% bo>d1 8 palette is l t ( ! pa9tress1 & 8 col\r box ! same2 ! p5cils seem z f9e z p5s 9 bo?4 ,c5n9o directs t p5cils %all be made ei!r ( ! tails ( grey squirrels1 call$ ,vair#bgd1 answ]+ to sable1 or ( hogs' bri/les4 ,he po9ts out ) m9ut5ess h[ to select ! longe/ hairs ( ! vair1 & h[ _m tails mu/ contribute ! longe/1 9 ord] to make a good p5cil2 :at is m1 he m5tions t ^! s(t bru%es 7 to be us$ ( all sizes1 f ^? :i* 7 drawn into ! holl[ ( a pigeon's fea!r1 to ^? requir+ a vulture's quill4 ,z to ! bri/le tools1 !y appe> to be exactly :at we n[ use2 & ! art ( mak+ :i* appe>s to be "o ( ^? h&$ d[n f ! ,greeks & ,romans1 )\t any *ange wor? notice4 ,i h ?us endeav\r$ to br+ toge!r :at is to be kn[n hi/orically ( ! me*anical "p ( pa9t+4 ,dry & wet pla/]1 t is1 di/emp] & fresco1 h be5 employ$ 9 all c\ntries1 f ,egypt to ,mexico1 = gr\nds4 ,pannel1 prep>$ ) a ?9 coat ( *alk or pla/] & size1 has be5 ! next g5]al mat]ial4 ,! pa9t$ inn] mummy cases1 :]e ! l95 0 prep>$ ) pla/]1 are ! e>lie/ pictures on l951 s f> z we c judge4 ,! l95 pa9t$ hang+s = prize fight]s1 & ,n]o's fam\s canvas1 %[ t ! practice ( pa9t+ pictures on l95 0 n unkn[n to ! anci5ts2 b :5 x 0 fir/ us$ z a gr\nd1 or if its use ev] became g5]al until mod]n times1 we d n "k4 ,! e>ly ,italian pa9t]s us$ x at fir/ to /r5g!n & smoo? _! pannel2 &1 ,i ?9k1 ! ,v5etian pa9t]s 7 !y :o r5d]$ its use g5]al4 ,! mo/ important pigm5ts ( ! anci5ts appe> to h be5 id5tical ) our own4 ,! vehicles = col\r h af=d$ matt] = v ne$less controv]sy4 ,! anci5ts g5]ally us$ wat]1 gums1 & :ite ( egg2 !y frequ5tly1 especially 9 ! lat] s*ools ( pa9t+1 us$ wax1 (t5 mix$ ) oil ( "s k9d4 ,!y 7 acqua9t$ ) ! use ( oil z a v>ni%1 & may h us$ bo? x & naph?a to pa9t ) occasionally4 ,z e>ly z ! t5? c5tury1 oil 0 (t5 us$ = p>ticul> k9ds ( pa9t+2 by ! f\rte5?1 attempts 7 made 7,i ne$ n say1 )\t success7 to pa9t ) x on pla/]2 by ! end ( ! fifte5? c5tury1 x _h pretty well sup]s$$ o!r vehicles = all b fresco & di/emp] ^u walls4 ,z to ! tools1 a palette1 col\r box1 s(t & h>d bru%es1 scrap]s1 c41 ( =ms & mat]ials diff]+ b little1 ) a sponge & pumice /one1 7 us$ by all2 & v few requir$ m1 :5 _! pigm5ts 7 once prep>$4 ,b ! anci5t pa9t]s1 l ! old ,italians & ,g]mans1 _h _! col\rs gr\nd 9 _! own "w-rooms3 = ?is purpose1 slabs ( porphyry1 or "s o!r h>d /one1 ) mull]s to correspond2 mort>s ( m>ble1 or brass1 or iron1 ) pe/les ( wood or metal1 7 requisite2 &1 9 "s cases1 ! v furnaces = calc9+ _! o*res1 or dissolv+ _! gums1 7 ( _! own con/ruction4 ,h5ce ! frequ5t m5tion ( appr5tice boys1 :o nev] rea*$ high] 9 ! art ?an col\r-gr9d]s4 ,o!rs became m]e me*anical copyi/s1 multiply+ 9 anci5t times ! actual patt]ns ( c]ta9 gods & h]oes1 & 9 lat] times1 fav\rite sa9ts1 or ev5 :ole compositions4 ,b ! bett] sort ei!r equall$ or excell$ _! ma/]s4 ,apelles surpass$ ,pamphilus1 ,giotto excell$ ,cimabue1 ,raffaelle & ,mi*ael ,angelo left _! ma/]s ,p]ug9o & ,ghirl&aio f> beh9d4 ,,footnotes3 #bad ,i h m5tion$ ! antique picture be=e1 t proves t ! anci5t ,italians hors$ ! boys & us$ ! rod1 j z 0 done t5 ye>s ago 9 ,engl& 7& may be /ill 9 remote c\nties71 z ! be/ way ( improv+ ! memory4 ,i h ! au?ority ( ,pausanias1 t boys us$ /r+s to set (f _! tops1 & t "y ladies play$ at :at ,scot* *ildr5 call *uckie /anes1 9 ,old ,greece4 #bae ,pantnus1 ! bro!r ( ,phidias1 us$ a pla/] or /ucco 9 ! ,temple ( ,m9]va at ,elis1 mix$ ) milk4 ,?is %\ld be some?+ l ! beautiful m>ble-l /ucco or *unam-"w ( ,india4 ,i once saw a floor laid at ,madras1 among ! mat]ials ( :i* 7 jaggree1 or co>se sug> wat] & milk4 ,ram ,raz1 9 8 treatise on ,h9du ,ar*itecture1 says3 8,*unam1 int5d$ = f9e pla/]+ & ornam5tal works1 is gr\nd by wom5 on an oblong granite /one1 & a cyl9drical upp] /one ab\t f\r in*es 9 diamet]2 ! mixture is sometimes gr\nd two1 ?ree1 & f\r times1 to br+ x to ! requir$ f95ess & purity4 ,9 all ! op]ations ( *unam-"w1 jagg]y wat]1 i4 e4 a solution ( molasses or co>se sug>1 is inv>iably add$ by ! build]s1 & its use appe>s to h prevail$ f ! remote/ ages4 ,!re are v>i\s op9ions among ! mod]n practition]s reg>d+ its usefulness1 b ^? :o h _h ! mo/ ext5sive practice 9 build+ hold x z an indisp5sable +r$i5t 9 ! =mation ( a durable & h>d cem5t2 & x is /at$ t ! op]ator evid5tly p]ceives ! dissolv5t prop]ty ( ! jagg]y wat]1 on its be+ temp]$ ) ! prep>$ mort>40 #baf ,i mu/ make an undignifi$1 ?\gh ,i believe an intelligible1 comp>ison--! pla/] is v l t appli$ to wood5 dolls ( ! old s*ool1 & :i* *ildr5 us$ to call alaba/]4 ,i believe x 0 made ( f9ely p\nd$ m>ble1 & 0 l>gely us$ 9 ! manufacture ( ,sa9ts = ,roman ,ca?olic *ur*es4 #bag ,our sycamore is a maple1 & its fruit is n eatable4 #bah ,book xiii4 *4 #g4 #bai ,book xvi4 *4 #ci4 #bbj ,!ophra/us di$ ,b4,c4 #bjh ye>s1 at ! age ( #ajg4 #bba ,c5n9o ,c5n9i trattato della ,pittura1 *4 #f4 #bbb ,9 ! #ac? book & #ab? *apt] ( ,pl9y's ,natural ,hi/ory1 he tells u ! size or pa/e us$ by bookb9d]s 0 made ) f9e :eat5 fl\r1 boil+ wat]1 & a little v9eg>1 :i* is our common %oemak]'s pa/e4 ,& 9 book xi41 *apt] #ci1 we le>n t ! /rong] glue 0 made1 z n[1 ( ! hides ( cattle boil$ d[n4 ,he says bull's hide makes ! /ronge/ glue4 ,! anci5ts seem to take "s /range ?+s = grant$4 ,a bull is /rong] ?an a c[--!re=e--8 hide makes /rong] glue4 ,an ,engli% me*anic w\ld h tri$ ! exp]im5t4 #bbc ,?is tallies ) ,erasmus' description ( ,engli% h\ses at ne>ly ! same p]iod1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s4 #bbd ,?is :ite is phosphate ( lime4 #bbe ,! tool1 & ! outl9e produc$ by x1 7 no d\bt legitimately desc5d$ f ! antique ,,ce/rum & ,,skiagrum ( ,fuseli4 ,!re is an unf9i%$ picture by ,giovanni ,bell9i1 9 ! ,flor5ce ,gall]y1 9 :i* ! :ite gr\nd on ! bo>d is visible4 ,! m>ks ( ! tool are also di/9ct1 a little ind5t$1 & ! %ad[$ "p is hat*$4 ,ov] ?is !re is a br[n transp>5t col\r1 :i* has ?ick5$ 9 ! ind5t$ l9es & hat*+s1 r5d]+ ! l9es d>k]2 _h he hat*$ aga9 ?r\gh ! transp>5t gr\nd to ! :ite gr\nd 9 ! lights1 we %\ld h _h1 z ,i conceive1 a p]fect mono*rome4 #bbf ,9 8 ,hi/oire de la ,pe9ture ,anci5ne1 :]e9 he has pr9t$ :at he calls ! ?irty-fif? book ( ,pl9y1 ) 8 translation2 b he has left out :at pleas$ him1 & ins]t$ o!r p>ts ( ! "w1 & omitt$ ! numb]+ ( ! *apt]s1 s z to r5d] x difficult to detect 8 want ( fidelity4 #bbg ,book ,,xxxv4 *4 #g4 ,a passage 9 "o ( ,horace's ,satires describes pictures1 :e!r on clo? or wood1 susp5d$ at ! entrances to ! public %[s at ,rome1 ne>ly z we %\ld n[ describe ! pictures exhibit$ = ! same purposes by ,g+el & 8 +5i\s bre?r51 to invite spectators to _! it9]ant playh\ses1 & su* z ! lam5t$ ,pidcock us$ to allure !m to ! %[s ( elephants & tig]s4 ,if "s fam'd piece ! pa9t]'s art displays1 ,transfix'd y /&1 ) admiration gaze#bbh2 #bbh ,9 ! orig9al ! pa9t]'s "n is m5tion$2 x is ,pausias ( ,sicyon4 #bbi ,pl9y1 ,natural ,hi/ory1 ,book xiii4 *4 #aa4 #bcj ,libri sacri scritti 9 tela di l9o1 sorta di volumi anti*issimi molte di quali vide ,frontone cu/oditi 9 ,anagni4--,,micali4 ,/oria degli ,anti*i ,popoli ,italiani1 page #cb4 ,9 ,wilks' ,hi/ory ( ! ,s\? ( ,india1 !re is an acc\nt ( ! cudduttum1 curru?um1 or currut1 us$ z books 9 t prov9ce4 ,x is a /rip ( cotton clo?1 cov]$ on bo? sides ) a mixture ( pa/e & *>coal4 ,! writ+ is done ) a p5cil ( lapis oll>is1 call$ balopium1 & may be rubb$ out l t on a slate2 ! clo? is fold$ 9 leaves l a pocket-map1 & ti$ up betwe5 ?9 bo>ds pa9t$ & ornam5t$4 ,?is mode ( writ+ 0 anci5tly us$ = records & o!r public pap]s1 & 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry is /ill employ$ by m]*ants & %opkeep]s4 ,x is v durable1 inde$ probably m s ?an ei!r pap]1 p>*m5t1 or ! palm leaf4 ,colonel ,wilks supposes x to be ! l95 or cotton clo? on :i* ,arrian /ates t ! ,indians wrote4 #bca ,pl9y contradicts himself on ! subject ( p>*m5t4 ,9 b4 xxxv4 he says t ,p>rhasius pa9t$ or drew ^u x2 b b4 xii4 c4 #aj1 he ascribes ! inv5tion ( x to ,eum5es1 k+ ( ,p]gamos1 :o liv$ aft] ! "t ( ,p>rhasius1 say+ t he inv5t$ p>*m5t because ,ptolemy1 k+ ( ,egypt1 _h prohibit$ ! exportation ( pap] made ( ! papyrus4 ,i _c help believ+ t p>*m5t 0 kn[n be=e ! "t ( ,eum5es4 ,he may h improv$ x1 & hit ^u a me?od ( r5d]+ x m fit = writ+ ^u4 #bcb ,giotto 0 born 9 #abgf2 8 ma/]1 ,cimabue1 9 #abdj2 8 gigantic ,madonnas are pa9t$ on wood4 ,i _h no opportunity ( exam9+ :e!r !re 0 l95 "u ! pla/] gr\nd4 ,m>g>itone 0 born ab\t #abej2 ,gaddo ,gaddi1 #abci1 or !reab\ts4 #bcc ,! ,v5etians1 ow+ to _! comm]ce ) ! ,ea/1 are ! mo/ likely ( all ! ,italians to h be5 influ5c$ by ! practice h&$ d[n by ! ,greek pa9t]s2 & we fir/ f9d ! g5]al use ( canvass1 especially ( v l>ge size1 at ,v5ice4 #bcd ,colonel ,leake's ,topography ( ,a!ns4 ,additional notes on ! temple ( ,!seus1 p4 #djj4 #bce ,taylor's ,plato--,phd4 ,! twelve col\rs are n nam$1 b fur!r on !re is ! expression1 8all ! objects are r5d]$ beautiful ?r\gh v>i\s col\rs--purple ( wond]ful beauty1 gold5 hue1 pure :ite1 em]ald10 c4 #bcf ,c>bonate ( lead1 ) a proportion ( oxide4 #bcg ,"s ( ! pictures 9 ! ,campo ,santo at ,pisa h suff]$ lam5tably f ! neglect ( ?is caution4 ,! high lights h become absolutely black4 #bch ,see ,pl9y1 book xxxiii4 end ( *4 #ab1 & ! :ole ( *4 #ac4 #bci ,9 ! manufactory ( porcela91 japan-w>e1 c41 x is mu* us$4 ,p]haps ,caligula's *emi/s flatt]$ him1 by pret5d+ to f9d gold 9 ! orpim5t4 #bdj ---- ,twelve galleys ) v]milion prores1 ,b5ea? 8 conduct s\ght ! ,phrygian %ores4 ,pope's ,iliad1 book ii4 #bda ,i h se5 ! poor gods ( ! ,h9doos ( l[ ca/e ?us r\g$4 #bdb ,ab\t ! ye> ( ,rome #bdi4 #bdc ,c9abrese is prais$ by ,arm59o1 :o wrote 9 #afjj4 ,i d n always m5tion ,arm59o :5 ,i might2 #a/1 because ,i pref] ,c5n9o's au?ority2 #bnd1 because ,arm59o is a coxcomb ^: "w ,i h no pleasure 92 & #crd1 because x is useless to multiply quotations4 ,h[ev]1 he is a writ] ( value on ^! matt]s4 #bdd ,m9ium--r$ oxide ( lead4 #bde ,! anci5ts believ$ t x 0 really ! blood ( dragons1 :i* _h suck$ ! blood ( elephants1 & _h di$1 cru%$ "u ! weight ( t enorm\s quadrup$4 #bdf ,dragon's blood is ! res9 ( ! 8,dracna draco0 ( ,l9nu4 ,! res9 itself is opaque & brittle4 ,! p[d] is ( a crimson col\r1 insoluble 9 wat]4 ,) u x is soluble bo? 9 alcohol & 9 ! fix$ oils2 ! anci5ts1 z !y _h n alcohol1 may h us$ x ) oil4 ,?is 0 probably ! crimson col\r :i* ! ,fr5*man1 m5tion$ 9 ! little acc\nt ( ,pompeii1 publi%$ by ! ,society = ! ,diffusion ( ,k1 b\ght ( ! workm5 employ$ 9 excavat+ ! t[n1 & us$ ) success z a body col\r4 ,he does n appe> to h analys$ x1 or 9 any way endeav\r$ to asc]ta9 its nature1 = ! b5efit ( art4 ,see vol4 ii41 p4 #ef4 #bdg ,see note to p4 #h4 #bdh ,! col\r ( ! mantle ( ! ,ganym$e 9 ! anci5t fresco belong+ to ,sir ,m4 ,w4 ,ridley looks l discol\r$ lake4 #bdi ,sir ,humphrey ,davy1 9 8 pap] 9 ! fir/ "p ( ! volume ( ! ,philosophical ,transactions = #ahae1 on ! col\rs us$ 9 pa9t+ by ! anci5ts1 says1 t ! artificial blue f\nd 9 ! ba?s ( ,titus is a frit made by means ( soda1 & col\r$ ) oxide ( copp]4 ,he imag9es x to h be5 ! blue inv5t$ by an anci5t k+ ( ,egypt m5tion$ 9 ! text1 & ! same also ) t crulium1 ! art ( mak+ :i* 0 br\ght f ,egypt to ,puteoli1 by ,ve/orius4 ,t 0 made by heat+ toge!r s&1 fl[] ( nitre1 i4 e4 soda1 & fil+s ( copp]4 #bej ,c]ta9 balls ( a f9e blue col\r h be5 br\ght f ! ,egyptian tombs s9ce ,sir ,humphrey ,davy's pap] 0 writt54 ,i d n "k :e!r !y h be5 analys$1 b _! appe>ance is l t ( ! frit f\nd 9 ! ba?s ( ,titus4 #bea ,%e 0 ( ! ,lusignan family1 & is buri$ at ,assisi4 #beb ,x is to be regrett$ t ,b>on ,b]?oldy did n live to complete & publi% 8 essay on ! glass & pa/e ( ! anci5ts1 z appli$ to ! production ( cameos1 intaglios1 c41 9 imitation ( true gems4 ,he _h collect$ a great mass ( mat]ials1 & _h _h "s v beautiful specim5s engrav$4 ,among o!r fragm5ts1 ,i saw 9 8 possession1 9 #ahai1 sev]al h&les ( dr9k+-cups1 on :i* ! mak]'s "n & place ( resid5ce1 namely1 ,sidon1 7 /amp$ be=e ! glass 0 cold1 "s 9 ,greek1 "s 9 ,roman lett]s4 ,mr4 ,hat*et has analys$ _m ( ! anci5t glasses & pa/es2 b he did n f9d cobalt 9 any ( !m4 ,9 "s v anci5t beads f\nd 9 "o ( ! olde/ tombs ( ,egypt1 he f\nd ! col\r+ matt] 0 manganese4 ,yet ,davy speaks ( a blue glass :i* appe>$ to him to be t+$ ) cobalt z common among ! ru9s ( ,rome2 & says1 moreov]1 t on analys+ diff]5t anci5t transp>5t blue glasses1 he _h f\nd cobalt 9 all ( !m4 #bec ,pl9y1 book xxxiii4 *4 #e4 #bed ,borax is a salt ) excess ( soda4 ,! anci5ts us$ x z we d1 z a flux1 & a sold] = metals4 #bee ,also us$ by %oemak]s to black5 lea!r %oes4 #bef ,mo/ probably ,indian ink4 #beg ,purple dye1 ! purple ( ,puteoli1 0 n procur$ simply f ! %ell-fi%1 b 0 mix$ ) ! juice ( madd] & ! megalob b]ries4 ,h5ce1 probably1 ! sup]ior quality ( ! pigm5t4 #beh ,s&yx is a col\r procur$ by calc9+ common ruddle & s&>a* toge!r4 ,s&>a* is a r$ sub/ance f\nd ne>1 & 9 silv] m9es4 ,an isl& 9 ! ,r$ ,sea produc$ a great deal4 ,s&>a* is also gum f ! junip]1 b ,pl9y means ! m9]al4--,book xxxv4 *4 #f4 ,virgil1 h[ev]1 mu/ mean ! junip] :5 he says1 t br[s+ ^u s&>a* r5d]$ ! fleeces ( ! %eep r$4 #bei ,! e>ly e/abli%m5t ( ! manufacture ( glass & ! beautifully col\r$ ,v5etian beads 9 ,murano1 :]e a remnant ( ! art /ill exi/s1 ,i ?9k w>rants my supposition4 ,! ,que5 ( ,cyprus's gift ( ultram>9e to ! *ur* ( ,assisi1 may be tak5 z a pro(1 t s late z #acjj ! isl& _h n lo/ its col\r manufactures4 #bfj ,?is 0 lat] by f\r ye>s ?an 8 exam9ation ( ! col\rs f\nd 9 ! ba?s ( ,titus1 ! pap] ^u :i* 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions ,i h quot$4 #bfa ,! ^w v]nix 7v>ni%7 0 entirely unkn[n to ! anci5ts4 ,lyttleton1 9 8 ,lat9 ,diction>y1 says x is d]iv$ f ! fact1 t 9 ! spr+1 v]1 ! junip]1 beg9s to yield its res92 & t junip]1 or gum s&>a*1 0 ! fir/ sub/ance f :i* true v>ni% 0 prep>$4 ,he ought to h add$ 9 ,europe3 = c]ta9ly true v>ni% 0 us$ 9 ,*9a long be=e ! p]iod at :i* he places ! fir/ use ( ! ^w v]nix1 &1 z w appe> by ! text1 ,i h no d\bt t ! ?+1 if n ! "n1 0 kn[n by our anci5ts 9 ,europe also4 #bfb ,suppos$ ! ,p5a s>cocolla2 ! gum is 9 ! =m ( small :iti% gra9s1 ( a bitt] sweeti% ta/e2 x is almo/ entirely soluble 9 wat]4 #bfc ,suppos$ to be produc$ by a species ( f]ula4 ,x is soluble 9 wat] & 9 v9eg>4 #bfd ,! res9 ( ! junip]4 #bfe ,pl9y1 b4 xxxv4 *4 #ae4 #bff ,pl9y's acc\nt ( ampelitis appe>s to agree ) t giv5 by ,field1 9 8 ,book on ,col\rs1 ( "s specim5s ( native asphaltum1 br\ght to him direct f ,p]sia4 ,x did n dissolve ) oil or turp5t9e1 b gr\nd well ) dry+ oil1 & made a f9e col\r4 ,= ampelitis1 see ,pl9y1 b4 xxxv4 c4 #af4 #bfg ,a boat1 or %ip-build]1 :5 he pays ! bottoms ( 8 vessels ) boil+ pit*1 is really pa9t+ 9 ! encau/ic mann]4 #bfh ,b4 xxxii4 *4 #g4 ,! ^w "h translat$ wax$ clo?s1 is lit]ally c&les2 b1 z c&les 7 made ( wax1 ,i adh]e to ,holl&'s expression1 z giv+ ,pl9y's mean+4 #bfi ,b4 xxi4 *4 #ad4 ,! wax s col\r$ 0 ! f9e/ :ite punic wax2 we mu/ n =get t wax5 images 7 among ^? exhibit$ 9 fun]al processions4 #bgj ,9 8 quotations f ,vitruvius & ,pl9y he unacc\ntably translates r$ wax = ,punic wax4 ,n[ ,pl9y says expressly t ,punic wax 0 ! :ite/ ( all1 & p>ticul>ly describes ! mann] ( blea*+ x4 #bga ,! "w ( ,!ophilus 0 compos$ c]ta9ly n lat] ?an ,a4 ,d4 #ajjj1 probably e>li]2 t ( ,h]aclius1 de ,artibus ,romanorum1 0 writt5 ab\t ! same p]iod4 ,raspe publi%$ ,!ophilus "u ! title ( 8,!ophilus ,monacus de omni sci5tia artis p+5di1 e codice manuscripto ,collegii ,tr9itatis ,cantabrigi5sis40 #bgb ,l9se$ oil does n dry well )\t managem5t1 any m ?an ! nut oils4 ,!ophilus directs t x %\ld be simm]$ 9 a new pipk9 ov] a sl[ fire 7b by no means boil71 till "o-?ird 0 evaporat$2 !n p[d]$ =nice1 i4e4 res9 f ! pit*-tree1 /irr$ 92 & obs]ves1 t e k9d ( pa9t+ glaz$ ) ?is becomes glossy & durable4 ,?us ! simple oil v>ni% 0 kn[n & us$ at lea/ z e>ly z ! elev5? c5tury1 f\r hundr$ ye>s be=e ! ,van ,eycks4 ,a gr\nd1 nam$ by ,!ophilus1 & aft]w>ds by ,c5n9o1 = cem5t+ panel1 0 compos$ ( p[d]$ lime & *eese1--! *ief +r$i5ts1 if ,i am n mi/ak51 ( ,vanc\v]'s & o!r /rong cem5ts4 #bgc ,v5ice turp5t9e1 p]haps4 #bgd ,a t]m n[1 ,i believe1 only us$ 9 h]aldry1 ei!r 9 ,engli% or ,fr5*4 ,9 ,rome !y n[ make p5cils ( ! f9e hair ( kids4 ,,! ,,end4 ,,london3 ,,bradbury ,,& ,,evans1 ,,pr9t]s1 ,,:itefri>s4 ,,errata4 ,page #ai1 l9e #f1 = ,trimuti read ,trimurti #eb1 9 ! note1 l4 #c f bottom1 = ,sira read ,siva #ajg1 l4 #f1 = cotempor>y read contempor>y #add1 l4 #aa1 = ,nausicta read ,nausicaa #afc1 bottom l9e1 = cotempor>y read contempor>y #afg1 l4 #ab1 ! same ! same #bji1 l4 #e1 = ,guileo read ,giulio #bbe1 l4 #i1 omit ! full /op #bec1 9 ! second note1 = t]ula read f]ula ,,j ,,publi%$ ,,by ,,edw>d ,,moxon1 ,,dov] ,,/reet4 ,i4 ,9 #c ,vols4 price #al4 #gs4 #f;d4 clo?1 ,,! ,,prose ,,works ,,( ,,*>les ,,lamb4 ,,ii4 ,price #gs4 #f;d4 clo?1 ,,! ,,poetical ,,works ,,( ,,*>les ,,lamb4 ,,iii4 ,9 #b ,vols4 price #ads4 clo?1 ,,specim5s ,,( ,,engli% ,,dramatic ,,poets3 ,,) ,,notes4 ,,by ,,*>les ,,lamb4 ,a ,new ,edition4 ,,iv4 ,9 #b ,vols4 price #ahs4 bo>ds1 ,,lett]s1 ,,conv]sations1 ,,& ,,recollections ,,( ,,samuel ,,taylor ,,col]idge4 ,v4 ,price #ds41 ,,ion4 ,a ,,trag$y1 ,,by ,,mr4 ,,s]jeant ,,talf\rd4 ,,vi4 ,price #is4 clo?1 ,,! ,,poetical ,,works ,,( ,,?omas ,,campbell4 ,,vii4 ,9 #b ,vols4 illu/rat$ by #abh ,vignettes1 price #bl4 #bs4 bo>ds1 ,,! ,,poetical ,,works ,,( ,,samuel ,,rog]s1 ,,esq4 ,,viii4 ,price #es4 clo?1 ,,selections ,,f ,,wordswor?4 ,a ,,new ,,edition4 ,,ix4 ,9 #f ,vols4 price #cjs4 clo?1 ,,! ,,curiosities ,,( ,,lit]ature4 ,,by ,i4 ,d',,israeli1 ,,esq4 ,,n9? ,,edition4 ,x4 ,9 #b ,vols4 price #abs4 bo>ds1 ,,philip ,,van ,,artevelde1 ,a ,dramatic ,romance4 ,,by ,,h5ry ,,taylor1 ,,esq4 ,,second ,,edition4 ,,xi4 ,price #es4 clo?1 ,,lett]s ,,& ,,essays4 ,,by ,,ri*>d ,,%>p1 ,,esq4 ,,?ird ,,edition4 ,9 ! ,press1 ,,! ,,lett]s ,,( ,,*>les ,,lamb1 ,,) ,a ,,sket* ,,( ,,8 ,,life2 ,,by ,,8 ,,executor1 ,,mr4 ,,s]jeant ,,talf\rd4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,obvi\s punctuation errors & omissions h be5 correct$4 ,! errata h be5 correct$4 ,page #ca3 8a peculi> ry?m0 *ang$ to 8a peculi> rhy?m0 ,page #ce3 8hi]oglyhic pa9t+0 *ang$ to 8hi]oglyphic pa9t+0 ,page #ei3 8a s+ulur use0 *ang$ to 8a s+ul> use0 ,page #hg3 8,poco polv]e son0 *ang$ to 8,poca polv]e son0 ,page #aci3 8,li/s ( ,votive ,/atutes0 *ang$ to 8,li/s ( ,votive ,/atues0 ,page #adj3 8,c59o ,c5n9i's curi\s "w0 *ang$ to 8,c5n9o ,c5n9i's curi\s "w0 ,page #ade3 89 ! f ( a0 *ang$ to 89 ! =m ( a0 8,boticelli fir/1 & aftew>ds ,raffaelle0 *ang$ to 8,botticelli fir/1 & aft]w>ds ,raffaelle0 ,page #adh3 8himself to to 8 fri5d0 *ang$ to 8himself to 8 fri5d0 ,page #agb3 8se5 ,guilio ,,ii40 *ang$ to 8se5 ,giulio ,,ii40 ,page #age3 8by ,timan?us0 *ang$ to 8by ,timan!s0 ,page #aie3 8,rafaelle himself0 *ang$ to 8,raffaelle himself0 ,page #bjf3 8x x en\gh to0 *ang$ to 8x is en\gh to0 ,page #baj3 8example 9 ,pireicus0 *ang$ to 8example 9 ,pyreicus0 ,page #bbf3 8di volumi auti*issimi0 *ang$ to 8di volumi anti*issimi0 8,auti*i ,popoli ,italiani0 *ang$ to 8,anti*i ,popoli ,italiani0 ,page #bbh3 8noboby n[ ?9ks0 *ang$ to 8nobody n[ ?9ks0 ,page #beb3 8gum s&]a*0 *ang$ to 8gum s&>a*0 ,page #bfa3 8he unacc\ntbly0 *ang$ to 8he unacc\ntably0