,,ocellus ,,lucanus ,,on ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,! ,,univ]se2 c4 c4 c4 ,,ocellus ,,lucanus ,,on ,,! ,,nature ,,( ,,! ,,univ]se4 ,,taurus1 ,,! ,,platonic ,,philosoph]1 ,,on ,,! ,,et]nity ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 ,,julius ,,firmicus ,,mat]nus ,,( ,,! ,,!ma ,,mundi2 ,,9 ,,:i* ,,! ,,positions ,,( ,,! ,,/>s ,,at ,,! ,,comm5cem5t ,,( ,,! ,,sev]al ,,mundane ,,p]iods ,,is ,,giv54 ,,select ,,!orems ,,on ,,! ,,p]petuity ,,( ,,"t1 ,,by ,,proclus4 ,,translat$ ,,f ,,! ,,orig9als ,,by ,,?omas ,,taylor4 4 i4 e4 ,! k ( div9e & ! mo/ hon\rable ?+s1 is ! pr9ciple & cause & rule ( human felicity4--,,ar*ytas4 ,,london3 ,,pr9t$ ,,= ,,! ,,translator2 ,,& ,,sold ,,by ,,john ,,bohn1 ,,h5rietta-,,/reet2 ,,h5ry ,,bohn1 ,,york-,,/reet2 ,,& ,,?omas ,,rodd1 ,,great ,,newport-,,/reet4 ,,mdcccxxxi4 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,ri*>d ,,taylor1 ,,r$ ,,lion ,,c\rt1 ,,fleet ,,/reet4 ,,introduction4 ,! ,tracts conta9$ 9 ?is small volume w1 ,i tru/1 be p]us$ ) consid]able int]e/ by e ,engli% read] :o is a lov] ( anci5t lore2 & :atev] innovations may h be5 made 9 ! philosophical !ories ( ! anci5ts by ! accumulat$ exp]im5ts ( ! mod]ns1 yet ! sci5tific d$uctions ( ! =m] w1 ,i am p]suad$1 ultimately pr$om9ate ov] ! futile & ev]-v>y+ conclusions ( ! latt]4 ,= sci5ce1 truly s call$1 is1 z ,ari/otle accurately def9es x to be1 ! k ( ?+s et]nal1 & :i* h a necess>y exi/5ce4 ,h5ce x has = its basis univ]sals1 & n p>ticul>s2 s9ce ! =m] are def9ite1 immutable1 & real2 b ! latt] are indef9ite1 are s incessantly *ang+1 t !y are n = a mom5t ! same1 & are s de/itute ( reality1 t1 9 ! language ( ! great ,plot9us1 !y may be said to be 8%ad[s fall+ ^u %ad[#a1 l images 9 wat]1 or 9 a mirror1 or a dream40 ,) respect to ,ocellus ,lucanus1 ! au?or ( ! fir/ ( ^! ,tracts1 ?\gh x is unkn[n at :at precise p]iod he liv$1 yet z ,ar*ytas1 9 8 epi/le to ,plato 7apud ,diog4 ,la]t4 viii4 #hj471 says 8t he conv]s$ ) ! desc5dants ( ,ocellus1 & receiv$ f !m ! treatises ( ?is philosoph] ,on ,laws1 ,on ,gov]nm5t1 ,piety1 & ! ,g5]ation ( ! ,univ]se#b10 8we _c be a great way (f ! tru?10 z my wor?y & v intellig5t fri5d ,mr4 ,j4 ,j4 ,wel%1 9 a lett] to me1 obs]ves1 8if we say t he liv$ ab\t ! "t ,py?agoras fir/ op5$ 8 s*ool 9 ,italy1 ,b4,c4 #ejj2 :i* w\ld give him = contempor>ies 9 ! political _w1 ,phal>is1 ,pisi/ratus1 ,crsus1 ,polycrates1 & ,t>qu9 ! ,pr\d2 & 9 ! philosophical _w1 ! sev5 sages ( ,greece1 ,h]aclitus ( ,ephesus1 ,democritus ( ,abd]a1 c4 c40 ,all t is extant ( 8 works is ! treatise ,on ! ,univ]se#c1 & a ,fragm5t pres]v$ by ,/obu ( 8 treatise ,on ,laws4 ,& 9 su* e/imation 0 ! =m] ( ^! works held by ,plato & ,ari/otle1 t ! latt]1 z ,syrianus obs]ves 79 ,ari/ot4 ,metaphys471 8has ne>ly tak5 ! :ole ( 8 two books on ,g5]ation & ,corruption f ?is "w20 & t ! =m] anxi\sly desir$ to see x1 is evid5t f 8 ,epi/le to ,ar*ytas1 ( :i* ! foll[+ is a translation3 8,plato to ,ar*ytas ! ,t>5t9e1 prosp]ity4 8,x is wond]ful ) :at pleasure we receiv$ ! ,comm5t>ies :i* came f y1 & h[ v mu* we 7 delight$ ) ! g5ius ( _! au?or4 ,to u1 inde$1 he appe>$ to be a man wor?y ( 8 anci5t prog5itors4 ,= ^! m5 are said to h be5 t5 ?\s&#d 9 numb]2 &1 accord+ to report1 7 ! be/ ( all ^? ,trojans t migrat$ "u ,laom$on4 8,) respect to ! ,comm5t>ies by me ab\t :i* y write1 !y are n yet f9i%$4 ,h[ev]1 su* z !y are1 ,i h s5t !m to y4 ,z to gu>dian%ip1 we bo? accord 9 our s5tim5ts1 s t 9 ?is p>ticul> !re is no ne$ ( exhortation40 8,9 ! ,preface to ! ,m>quis d',arg5s' ,fr5* translation ( ?is ,tract1 he says3 #8,i h (t5 ?\ght t x w\ld be mu* m advantage\s to read :at "s ( ! ,greek au?ors h said ( ! philosophy ( ! anci5ts1 9 ord] to obta9 a k ( x1 ?an to consult mod]n writ]s1 :o1 ?\gh !y may p]haps write well1 are 9 g5]al too prolix#e4' 8,9 #agfb ! ,m>quis d',arg5s publi%$ ,ocellus ,lucanus1 & aft]w>ds ,timu ,locrus1 bo? writ]s1 :o accord+ to ,*alm]s' ,biography _h be5 neglect$ by univ]sal cons5t4 ,to %[1 h[ev]1 ! gl>+ absurdity & outrage\s inju/ice ( :at ,*alm]s says ( ?is ,tract ( ,ocellus1 x is necess>y to obs]ve1 t indep5d5tly ( ! approbation ( ?is "w by ^? two great lum9>ies ( philosophy1 ,plato & ,ari/otle1 an enum]ation ( ! v>i\s editions ( x w be suffici5t4 ,ocellus 0 fir/ pr9t$ 9 ,greek at ,p>is #aeci1 & aft]w>ds ) a ,lat9 v]sion by ,*reti5 #aeda2 by ,bos* #aeed & #aeef2 by ,nog>ola1 ,v54 #aeei2 by ,commel9 #aeif2 at ,heidelb]g #aeih2 ,bologna1 #afdf1 & revis$ by ,vizanius #affa2 & la/ly1 by ,gale1 ,cambridge1 #afga4 ,"h are t5 editions1 ! la/ ( :i* is only #di ye>s prior to ! ye> #agjj2 s t ! univ]sal cons5t _h n yet be5 giv5 to neglect ?is "w4 ,let u see :5 x c\ld h tak5 place aft]w>ds4 ,d',arg5s' translation appe>$ 9 #agfb4 ,a new ,fr5* translation by ! ,abb ,batteux 0 pr9t$ 9 #agfh2 & he made x )\t kn[+ ( ! o!r4 ,d',arg5s' v]sion 0 repr9t$ 9 #agid2 & an am5d$ ,greek & ,lat9 text by ,rudolph 0 pr9t$ at ,leipsic 9 #ahja2 s t !re are 9 all f\rte5 kn[n editions1 ( :i* ,gale's is ! be/4 ,?is book has c]ta9ly be5 read 9 ,greek1 ,lat91 & ,fr5*1 & x mo/ c]ta9ly w be read 9 ,engli%1 if any compet5t translator w fav\r u ) a good v]sion4 8,9 addition to ! te/imonies ( ,plato & ,ari/otle 9 fav\r ( ?is "w1 ,philo1 ! platoniz+ ,jew1 says3 #8,"s are ( op9ion1 t x 0 n ,ari/otle1 b c]ta9 ,py?agoreans1 :o fir/ ma9ta9$ ! et]nity ( ! _w2 b ,i h se5 a treatise ( ,ocellus1 9 :i* he says1 ! _w 0 n g5]at$1 & is imp]i%able1 & inde$ he proves x by mo/ exquisite reason+4 ,c5sor9us also1 ,de ,die natali1 cap4 ii4 says1 #8t ! op9ion t ! human race is p]petual1 has = its au?ors ,py?agoras ! ,samian1 ,ocellus ,lucanus1 & ,ar*ytas ( ,t>5tum4' ,he is likewise m5tion$ by ,jambli*us 9 8 ,life ( ,py?agoras2 by ,syrianus 9 ,ari/ot4 ,metaphys42 by ,proclus 9 8 ,comm5t>y on ! ,timu ( ,plato1 :o1 z we h %[n 9 ! ,notes on ,ocellus1 demon/rates t he 0 wrong 9 ascrib+ two p[]s only in/ead ( ?ree to ea* ( ! elem5ts2 & 9 ! la/ place1 ?is ,tract is cit$ by ,/obu 9 ,ecl4 ,phys4 lib4 i4 c4 #bd3 all :i* te/imonies cle>ly prove t ,*alm]s is a man :o _c say ) ,socrates 79 ,plat4 ,gorg47 t he has bid f>ewell to ! hon\rs ( ! multitude1 & has 8 eye solely direct$ to tru?#f40 ,to ! treatise ( ,ocellus ,i h subjo9$ a translation ( a ,fragm5t ( ,taurus1 a ,platonic philosoph]1 ,on ! ,et]nity ( ! ,_w#g2 & also a translation ( ! ,mundi ,!ma1 or ,g5iture ( ! ,_w1 f ! celebrat$ a/rological "w ( ,julius ,firmicus ,mat]nus1 because x n only admits ) ,ocellus ! p]petuity ( ! univ]se1 b unfolds ! position ( ! />s at ! comm5cem5t ( ea* ( ! p]iods compreh5d$ 9 ! great] mundane apocata/asis1 :i* consi/s ( #cjj1jjj ye>s2 ! fir/ p]iod aft] a deluge & conflagration1 be+1 z x 71 a reproduction ( ! _w4 ,i h likewise annex$ a translation ( select !orems f ! #bnd ,book ( ,proclus on ,motion1 9 :i* ! p]petuity ( "t1 & ( ! bodies :i* are naturally mov$ ) a circul> motion1 is incontrov]tibly prov$1 & is demon/rat$ by :at ,plato calls 8geometrical necessities0 7 74 ,9 ! la/ place1 ,i h add$ copi\s ,notes to ^! treatises1 9 ord] t no?+ might be want+ to r5d] ! mean+ ( !m p]spicu\s to ! unprejudic$ & intellig5t read]4 ,,footnotes3 #a viz4 fall+ on matt]1 or ! g5]al receptacle ( all s5sible =ms4 ,see my ,translation ( ! admirable treatise ( ,plot9us 8,on ! ,impassivity ( ,incorporeal ,natures40 #b 1 1 4 #c ,x is rightly obs]v$ by ,fabricius1 8t ?is "w ( ,ocellus 0 orig9ally writt5 9 ! ,doric dialect1 b 0 aft]w>ds translat$ by "s gramm>ian into ! common dialect1 9 ord] t x might be m easily und]/ood by ! read]40--,vid4 ,biblio?4 ,grc4 tom4 i4 p4 #eaj4 #d ,9 all ! editions ( ,plato1 1 con=mably to ! above translation2 b f ,diog5es ,la]tius1 :o1 9 8 ,life ( ,ar*ytas1 gives ?is epi/le ( ,plato1 x appe>s t ! true read+ is 1 i4 e4 ,myr5ees1 s call$ f ,myra1 a city ( ,lycia 9 ,asia ,m9or1 7see ,pl9y1 v4 #bg4 ,/rabo xiv4 #fff47 ,?is #ab? epi/le ( ,plato1 ?\gh ascrib$ by ,?rasyllus & ,diog5es ,la]tius to ,plato1 yet is m>k$ 9 ! ,greek manuscripts ( x z spuri\s4 #e ,( ! ,philosophy ( ,py?agoras1 ,plato & ,ari/otle1 v few ( ! mod]ns h any accurate k1 & !re=e on ?is subject !y may be prolix1 b !y _c write well4 ,see ?is l>gely & incontrov]tibly prov$ 9 ! ,?ird & ,f\r? ,books ( my ,diss]tation on ! ,philosophy ( ,ari/otle4 #f ,= ne>ly ! :ole ( :at is conta9$ 9 ! above ?ree p>agraphs1 ,i am indebt$ to my excell5t fri5d ,mr4 ,j4 ,b4 ,+lis1 :o has also read ,ocellus ) great att5tion1 & made ,notes ^u x2 ano!r pro( t ! "w is n neglect$4 #g ,?is ,taurus fl\ri%$ "u ,m>cus ,anton9us1 & ! orig9al ( ! above-m5tion$ ,fragm5t is only to be f\nd 9 ! treatise ( ,philoponus aga9/ ,proclus1 8,on ! ,et]nity ( ! ,_w40 ,,ocellus ,,lucanus ,,on ,,! ,,univ]se4 ,,*ap4 ,i4 ,ocellus ,lucanus has writt5 :at foll[s conc]n+ ! ,nature ( ! ,univ]se2 hav+ le>nt "s ?+s ?r\gh cle> argum5ts f ,nature h]self1 b o!rs f op9ion1 9 conjunction ) reason#h1 x be+ 8 int5tion 9 ?is "w to d]ive :at is probable f intellectual p]ception4 ,x appe>s1 !re=e1 to me1 t ! ,univ]se is inde/ructible & unbegott51 s9ce x always 01 & always w be2 = if x _h a temporal beg9n+1 x w\ld n h always exi/$3 ?us1 !re=e1 ! univ]se is unbegott5 & inde/ructible2 = if "s "o %\ld op9e t x 0 once g5]at$1 he w\ld n be able to f9d any?+ into :i* x c be corrupt$ & dissolv$1 s9ce t f :i* x 0 g5]at$ w\ld be ! fir/ "p ( ! univ]se2 & aga91 t into :i* x w\ld be dissolv$ w\ld be ! la/ "p ( x4 ,b if ! univ]se 0 g5]at$1 x 0 g5]at$ toge!r ) all ?+s2 & if x %\ld be corrupt$1 x w\ld be corrupt$ toge!r ) all ?+s4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is impossible#i4 ,! univ]se1 !re=e1 is )\t a beg9n+1 & )\t an end2 nor is x possible t x c h any o!r mode ( subsi/5ce4 ,to :i* may be add$1 t ev]y?+ :i* has receiv$ a beg9n+ ( g5]ation1 & :i* ought also to p>ticipate ( dissolution1 receives two mutations2 "o ( :i*1 inde$1 proce$s f ! less to ! great]1 & f ! worse to ! bett]2 & t f :i* x beg9s to *ange is d5om9at$ g5]ation1 b t at :i* x at l5g? arrives1 is call$ acme4 ,! o!r mutation1 h[ev]1 proce$s f ! great] to ! less1 & f ! bett] to ! worse3 b ! t]m9ation ( ?is mutation is d5om9at$ corruption & dissolution4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! :ole & ! univ]se 7 g5]at$1 & are corruptible1 !y mu/1 :5 g5]at$1 h be5 *ang$ f ! less to ! great]1 & f ! worse to ! bett]2 b :5 corrupt$1 !y mu/ be *ang$ f ! great] to ! less1 & f ! bett] to ! worse4 ,h5ce1 if ! _w 0 g5]at$1 x w\ld receive increase1 & w\ld arrive at its acme2 & aga91 x w\ld aft]w>ds receive decrease & an end4 ,= e nature :i* has a progression1 possesses ?ree b\nd>ies & two int]vals4 ,! ?ree b\nd>ies1 !re=e1 are g5]ation1 acme1 & end2 b ! int]vals are1 ! progression f g5]ation to acme1 & f acme to ! end4 ,! :ole1 h[ev]1 & ! univ]se1 af=ds1 z f itself1 no indication ( a ?+ ( ?is k9d2 = nei!r d we p]ceive x ris+ into exi/5ce1 or becom+ to be1 nor *ang+ to ! bett] & ! great]1 nor becom+ at a c]ta9 "t worse or less2 b x always cont9ues to subsi/ 9 ! same & a simil> mann]1 & is itself p]petually equal & simil> to itself4 ,( ! tru? ( ?is1 ! ord]s ( ?+s1 _! symmetry1 figurations1 positions1 int]vals1 p[]s1 swiftness & sl[ness ) respect to ea* o!r2 &1 besides ^!1 _! numb]s & temporal p]iods1 are cle> signs & indications4 ,= all su* ?+s z ^! receive mutation & dim9ution1 con=mably to ! c\rse ( a g5]at$ nature3 = ?+s t are great] & bett] acquire acme ?r\gh p[]1 b ^? t are less & worse are corrupt$ ?r\gh imbecility ( nature4 ,i d5om9ate1 h[ev]1 ! :ole & ! univ]se1 ! :ole _w2 =1 9 consequ5ce ( be+ adorn$ ) all ?+s1 x has obta9$ ?is appellation2 s9ce x is f itself a consummate & p]fect sy/em ( ! nature ( all ?+s2 = !re is no?+ ext]nal to ! univ]se1 s9ce :atev] exi/s is conta9$ 9 ! univ]se1 & ! univ]se subsi/s toge!r ) ?is1 compreh5d+ 9 itself all ?+s1 "s z p>ts1 b o!rs z sup]v5i5t4 ,^? ?+s1 !re=e1 :i* are compreh5d$ 9 ! _w1 h a congruity ) ! _w2 b ! _w has no conc9nity ) any?+ else1 b is itself co-h>moniz$ ) itself4 ,= all o!r ?+s h n a consummate or self-p]fect subsi/5ce1 b require congruity ) ?+s ext]nal to !mselves4 ,?us animals require a conjunction ) air = ! purpose ( respiration1 b sight ) light1 9 ord] to see2 & ! o!r s5ses ) some?+ else1 9 ord] to p]ceive _! peculi> s5sible object4 ,a conjunction ) ! e>? also is necess>y to ! g]m9ation ( plants4 ,! sun & moon1 ! planets1 & ! fix$ />s1 h likewise a coalesc5ce ) ! _w1 z be+ p>ts ( its common arrangem5t4 ,! _w1 h[ev]1 has n a conjunction ) any?+ else ?an itself4 ,fur!r /ill#aj1 :at has be5 said w be easily kn[n to be true f ! foll[+ consid]ations4 ,fire1 :i* imp>ts heat to ano!r ?+1 is itself f itself hot2 & honey1 :i* is sweet to ! ta/e1 is itself f itself sweet4 ,! pr9ciples likewise ( demon/rations1 :i* are indicative ( ?+s unapp>5t1 are !mselves f !mselves manife/ & kn[n4 ,?us1 also1 t :i* becomes to o!r ?+s ! cause ( self-p]fection1 is itself f itself p]fect2 & t :i* becomes to o!r ?+s ! cause ( pres]vation & p]man5cy1 is itself f itself pres]v$ & p]man5t4 ,t1 likewise1 :i* becomes to o!r ?+s ! cause ( conc9nity1 is itself f itself co-h>moniz$2 b ! _w is to o!r ?+s ! cause ( _! exi/5ce1 pres]vation1 & self-p]fection4 ,! _w1 !re=e1 is f itself p]petual & self-p]fect1 has an ev]la/+ duration1 & on ?is v acc\nt becomes ! cause ( ! p]man5cy ( ! :ole ( ?+s4 ,9 %ort1 if ! univ]se %\ld be dissolv$1 x w\ld ei!r be dissolv$ into t :i* has an exi/5ce1 or into non5tity4 ,b x is impossible t x %\ld be dissolv$ into t :i* exi/s1 = !re w n be a corruption ( ! univ]se if x %\ld be dissolv$ into t :i* has a be+2 = be+ is ei!r ! univ]se1 or a c]ta9 "p ( ! univ]se4 ,nor c x be dissolv$ into non5tity1 s9ce x is impossible = be+ ei!r to be produc$ f non-be+s1 or to be dissolv$ into non5tity4 ,! univ]se1 !re=e1 is incorruptible1 & c nev] be de/roy$4 ,if1 nev]!less1 "s "o %\ld ?9k t x may be corrupt$1 x mu/ ei!r be corrupt$ f some?+ ext]nal to1 or conta9$ 9 ! univ]se1 b x _c be corrupt$ by any?+ ext]nal to x2 = !re is n any?+ ext]nal to ! univ]se1 s9ce all o!r ?+s are compreh5d$ 9 ! univ]se1 & ! _w is ! :ole & ! all4 ,nor c x be corrupt$ by ! ?+s :i* x conta9s1 = 9 ?is case x w be requisite t ^! %\ld be great] & m p[]ful ?an ! univ]se4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is n true#aa1 = all ?+s are l$ & gov]n$ by ! univ]se1 & con=mably to ?is are pres]v$ & co-adapt$1 & possess life & s\l4 ,b if ! univ]se c nei!r be corrupt$ by any?+ ext]nal to x1 nor by any?+ conta9$ )9 x1 ! _w mu/ !re=e be incorruptible & inde/ructible2 = we consid] ! _w to be ! same ) ! univ]se#ab4 ,fur!r /ill1 ! :ole ( nature survey$ ?r\gh ! :ole ( itself1 w be f\nd to d]ive cont9uity f ! fir/ & mo/ hon\rable ( bodies1 att5uat+ ?is cont9uity proportionally1 introduc+ x to ev]y?+ mortal1 & receiv+ ! progression ( its peculi> subsi/5ce2 = ! fir/ & mo/ hon\rable bodies 9 ! univ]se1 revolve accord+ to ! same1 & aft] a simil> mann]4 ,! progression1 h[ev]1 ( ! :ole ( nature1 is n successive & cont9u$1 nor yet local1 b subsi/s accord+ to mutation4 ,fire1 inde$1 :5 x is congregat$ into "o ?+1 g5]ates air1 b air g5]ates wat]1 & wat] e>?4 ,f e>?1 also1 !re is ! same circuit ( mutation1 z f> z to fire1 f :5ce x began to be *ang$4 ,b fruits1 & mo/ plants t d]ive _! orig9 f a root1 receive ! beg9n+ ( _! g5]ation f se$s4 ,:51 h[ev]1 !y be> fruit & arrive at maturity1 aga9 !y are resolv$ into se$1 nature produc+ a complete circulation f ! same to ! same4 ,b m5 & o!r animals1 9 a subord9ate degree1 *ange ! univ]sal b\nd>y ( nature2 = 9 ^! !re is no p]iodical return to ! fir/ age1 nor is !re an antip]i/asis ( mutation into ea* o!r1 z !re is 9 fire & air1 wat] & e>?2 b ! mutations ( _! ages be+ accompli%$ 9 a f\r-fold circle#ac1 !y are dissolv$1 & aga9 return to exi/5ce2 ^!1 !re=e1 are ! signs & indications t ! univ]se1 :i* compreh5ds all ?+s1 w always endure & be pres]v$1 b t its p>ts1 & su* ?+s 9 x z are sup]v5i5t1 are corrupt$ & dissolv$4 ,fur!r /ill1 x is cr$ible t ! univ]se is )\t a beg9n+1 & )\t an end1 f its figure1 f motion1 f "t1 & its ess5ce2 &1 !re=e1 x may be conclud$ t ! _w is unbegott5 & incorruptible3 = ! =m ( its figure is circul>2 b a circle is on all sides simil> & equal1 & is !re=e )\t a beg9n+1 & )\t an end4 ,! motion also ( ! univ]se is circul>1 b ?is motion is /able & )\t transition4 ,"t1 likewise1 9 :i* motion exi/s is inf9ite1 = ?is nei!r _h a beg9n+1 nor w h an end ( its circulation4 ,! ess5ce1 too1 ( ! univ]se1 is )\t egression into any o!r place1 & is immutable1 because x is n naturally adapt$ to be *ang$1 ei!r f ! worse to ! bett]1 or f ! bett] to ! worse4 ,f all ^! argum5ts1 !re=e1 x is obvi\sly cr$ible1 t ! _w is unbegott5 & incorruptible4 ,& ?us mu* conc]n+ ! :ole & ! univ]se4 ,,*ap4 ,,ii4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 9 ! univ]se1 "o ?+ is g5]ation1 b ano!r ! cause ( g5]ation2 & g5]ation inde$ takes place :]e !re is a mutation & an egression f ?+s :i* rank z subjects2 b ! cause ( g5]ation !n subsi/s :]e ! subject matt] rema9s ! same3 ?is be+ ! case1 x is evid5t t ! cause ( g5]ation possesses bo? an effective & motive p[]1 b t ! recipi5t ( g5]ation is adapt$ to passivity1 & to be mov$4 ,b ! ,fates !mselves di/+ui% & sep>ate ! impassive "p ( ! _w f t :i* is p]petually mov$ or mutuable#ad4 ,= ! c\rse ( ! moon is ! i/hmus ( immortality & g5]ation4 ,! region1 inde$1 above ! moon1 & also t :i* ! moon occupies1 conta9 ! g5us ( ! gods2 b ! place b5ea? ! moon is ! abode ( /rife & nature2 = 9 ?is place !re is a mutation ( ?+s t are g5]at$1 & a reg5]ation ( ?+s :i* h p]i%$4 ,9 t "p ( ! _w1 h[ev]1 9 :i* nature & g5]ation pr$om9ate1 x is necess>y t ! ?ree foll[+ ?+s#ae %\ld be pres5t4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ! body :i* yields to ! t\*1 & :i* is ! subject ( all g5]at$ natures4 ,b ?is w be an univ]sal recipi5t1 & a signature ( g5]ation itself1 hav+ ! same relation to ! ?+s t are g5]at$ f x1 z wat] to ta/e1 sil5ce to s\nd#af1 d>kness to light1 & ! matt] ( artificial =ms to ! =ms !mselves4 ,= wat] is ta/eless & devoid ( quality1 yet is capable ( receiv+ ! sweet & ! bitt]1 ! %>p & ! salt4 ,air1 also1 :i* is =mless ) respect to s\nd1 is ! recipi5t ( words & melody4 ,& d>kness1 :i* is )\t col\r1 & )\t =m1 becomes ! recipi5t ( spl5d\r1 & ( ! yell[ col\r & ! :ite2 b :it5ess p]ta9s to ! /atu>y's art2 & to ! art :i* fa%ions figures f wax4 ,matt]1 h[ev]1 has a relation 9 a diff]5t mann] to ! /atu>y's art2 = 9 matt] all ?+s prior to g5]ation are 9 capacity1 b !y exi/ 9 p]fection :5 !y are g5]at$ & receive _! prop] nature4 ,h5ce matt] or a univ]sal recipi5t is necess>y to ! exi/5ce ( g5]ation4 ,! second ?+ :i* is necess>y1 is ! exi/5ce ( contr>ieties1 9 ord] t mutations & *anges 9 quality may be effect$1 matt] = ?is purpose receiv+ passive qualities1 & an aptitude to ! p>ticipation ( =ms4 ,contr>iety is also necess>y1 9 ord] t p[]s1 :i* are naturally mutually repugnant1 may n f9ally vanqui%1 or be vanqui%$ by1 ea* o!r4 ,b ^! p[]s are ! hot & ! cold1 ! dry & ! moi/4 ,ess5ces rank 9 ! ?ird place2 & ^! are fire & wat]1 air & e>?1 ( :i* ! hot & ! cold1 ! dry & ! moi/1 are p[]s4 ,b ess5ces diff] f p[]s2 = ess5ces are locally corrupt$ by ea* o!r1 b p[]s are nei!r corrupt$ nor g5]at$1 = ! reasons or =ms ( !m are incorporeal4 ,( ^! f\r p[]s1 h[ev]1 ! hot & ! cold subsi/ z causes & ?+s ( an effective nature1 b ! dry & ! moi/ rank z matt] & ?+s t are passive#ag2 b matt] is ! fir/ recipi5t ( all ?+s1 = x is t :i* is 9 common spread "u all ?+s4 ,h5ce1 ! body1 :i* is ! object ( s5se 9 capacity1 & ranks z a pr9ciple1 is ! fir/ ?+2 b contr>ieties1 su* z heat & cold1 moi/ure & dryness1 =m ! second ?+2 & fire & wat]1 e>? & air1 h an arrangem5t 9 ! ?ird place4 ,= ^! *ange into ea* o!r2 b ?+s ( a contr>y nature are )\t *ange4 ,b ! diff]5ces ( bodies are two3 = "s ( !m inde$ are prim>y1 b o!rs orig9ate f ^!3 = ! hot & ! cold1 ! moi/ & ! dry1 rank z prim>y diff]5ces2 b ! heavy & ! light1 ! d5se & ! r>e1 h ! relation ( ?+s :i* are produc$ f ! prim>y diff]5ces4 ,all ( !m1 h[ev]1 are 9 numb] sixte51 viz4 ! hot & ! cold1 ! moi/ & ! dry1 ! heavy & ! light1 ! r>e & ! d5se1 ! smoo? & ! r\gh1 ! h>d & ! s(t1 ! ?9 & ! ?ick1 ! acute & ! obtuse4 ,b ( all ^!1 ! t\* has a k1 & =ms a judgem5t2 h5ce1 also1 ! fir/ body 9 :i* ^! diff]5ces exi/ 9 capacity1 may be s5sibly appreh5d$ by ! t\*4 ,! hot & ! dry1 !re=e1 ! r>e & ! %>p1 are ! p[]s ( fire2 b ^? ( wat] are1 ! cold & ! moi/1 ! d5se & ! obtuse2 ^? ( air are1 ! s(t1 ! smoo?1 ! light1 & ! att5uat$2 & ^? ( e>? are1 ! h>d & ! r\gh1 ! heavy & ! ?ick4 ,( ^! f\r bodies1 h[ev]1 fire & e>? are ! transc5d5cies & summits or extremities ( contr>ies4 ,fire1 !re=e1 is ! transc5d5cy ( heat1 9 ! same mann] z ice is ( cold3 h5ce1 if ice is a concretion ( moi/ure & frigidity1 fire w be ! f]v\r ( dryness & heat4 ,on :i* acc\nt1 no?+ is g5]at$ f ice1 nor f fire#ah4 ,fire & e>?1 !re=e1 are ! extremities ( ! elem5ts1 b wat] & air are ! m$ia1 = !y h a mix$ corporeal nature4 ,nor is x possible t !re c\ld be only "o ( ! extremes1 b x is necess>y t !re %\ld be a contr>y to x4 ,nor c\ld !re be two only1 = x is necess>y t !re %\ld be a m$ium1 s9ce m$ia are opposite to ! extremes4 ,fire1 !re=e1 is hot & dry1 b air is hot & moi/2 wat] is moi/ & cold1 b e>? is cold & dry4 ,h5ce1 heat is common to air & fire2 cold is common to wat] & e>?2 dryness to e>? & fire2 & moi/ure to wat] & air4 ,b ) respect to ! peculi>ities ( ea*1 heat is ! peculi>ity ( fire1 dryness ( e>?1 moi/ure ( air1 & frigidity ( wat]4 ,! ess5ces1 !re=e1 ( ^! rema9 p]man5t1 ?r\gh ! possession ( common prop]ties2 b !y *ange ?r\gh su* z are peculi>1 :5 "o contr>y vanqui%es ano!r4 ,h5ce1 :5 ! moi/ure 9 air vanqui%es ! dryness 9 fire1 b ! frigidity 9 wat]1 ! heat 9 air1 & ! dryness 9 e>?1 ! moi/ure 9 wat]1 & vice v]s1 :5 ! moi/ure 9 wat] vanqui%es ! dryness 9 e>?1 ! heat 9 air1 ! coldness 9 wat]1 & ! dryness 9 fire1 ! moi/ure 9 air1 !n ! mutations & g5]ations ( ! elem5ts f ea* o!r into ea* o!r are effect$4 ,! body1 h[ev]1 :i* is ! subject & recipi5t ( mutations1 is a univ]sal receptacle1 & is 9 capacity ! fir/ tangible sub/ance4 ,b ! mutations ( ! elem5ts are effect$1 ei!r f a *ange ( e>? into fire1 or f fire into air1 or f air into wat]1 or f wat] into e>?4 ,mutation is also effect$ 9 ! ?ird place1 :5 t :i* is contr>y 9 ea* elem5t is corrupt$1 b t :i* is ( a k9dr$ nature1 & connasc5t1 is pres]v$4 ,g5]ation1 !re=e1 is effect$1 :5 "o contr>iety is corrupt$4 ,= fire1 inde$1 is hot & dry1 b air is hot & moi/1 & heat is common to bo?2 b ! peculi>ity ( fire is dryness1 & ( air moi/ure4 ,h5ce1 :5 ! moi/ure 9 air vanqui%es ! dryness 9 fire1 !n fire is *ang$ into air4 ,aga91 s9ce wat] is moi/ & cold1 b air is moi/ & hot1 moi/ure is common to bo?4 ,! peculi>ity h[ev] ( wat] is coldness1 b ( air heat4 ,:51 !re=e1 ! coldness 9 wat] vanqui%es ! heat 9 air1 ! mutation f air into wat] is effect$4 ,fur!r /ill1 e>? is cold & dry1 b wat] is cold & moi/1 & coldness is common to bo?2 b ! peculi>ity ( e>? is dryness1 & ( wat] moi/ure4 ,:51 !re=e1 ! dryness 9 e>? vanqui%es ! moi/ure 9 wat]1 a mutation takes place f wat] into e>?4 ,! mutation1 h[ev]1 f e>?1 9 an asc5d+ progression1 is p]=m$ 9 a contr>y way2 b an alt]nate mutation is effect$ :5 "o :ole vanqui%es ano!r1 & two contr>y p[]s are corrupt$1 no?+ at ! same "t be+ common to !m4 ,= s9ce fire is hot & dry1 b wat] is cold & moi/2 :5 ! moi/ure 9 wat] vanqui%es ! dryness 9 fire1 & ! coldness 9 wat] ! heat 9 fire1 !n a mutation is effect$ f fire into wat]4 ,aga91 e>? is cold & dry1 b air is hot & moi/4 ,:51 !re=e1 ! coldness 9 e>? vanqui%es ! heat 9 air1 & ! dryness 9 e>?1 ! moi/ure 9 air1 !n a mutation f air into e>? is effect$4 ,b :5 ! moi/ure ( air corrupts ! heat ( fire1 f bo? ( !m fire w be g5]at$2 = ! heat ( air & ! dryness ( fire w /ill rema94 ,& fire is hot & dry4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ! coldness ( e>? is corrupt$1 & ! moi/ure ( wat]1 f bo? ( !m e>? w be g5]at$4 ,= ! dryness ( e>?1 inde$1 w be left1 & ! coldness ( wat]4 ,& e>? is cold & dry4 ,b :5 ! heat ( air1 & ! heat ( fire are corrupt$1 no elem5t w be g5]at$2 = ! contr>ies 9 bo? ^! w rema91 viz4 ! moi/ure ( air & ! dryness ( fire4 ,moi/ure1 h[ev]1 is contr>y to dryness4 ,& aga91 :5 ! coldness ( e>?1 & 9 a simil> mann] ( wat]1 are corrupt$1 nei!r ?us w !re be any g5]ation2 = ! dryness ( e>? & ! moi/ure ( wat] w rema94 ,b dryness is contr>y to moi/ure4 ,& ?us1 we h briefly discuss$ ! g5]ation ( ! fir/ bodies1 & h %[n h[ & f :at subjects x is effect$4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 ! _w is inde/ructible & unbegott51 & nei!r receiv$ a beg9n+ ( g5]ation1 nor w ev] h an end1 x is necess>y t ! nature :i* produces g5]ation 9 ano!r ?+1 & also t :i* g5]ates 9 itself1 %\ld be pres5t ) ea* o!r4 ,& t1 inde$1 :i* produces g5]ation 9 ano!r ?+1 is ! :ole ( ! region above ! moon2 b ! m proximate cause is ! sun1 :o1 by 8 accessions & recessions1 cont9ually *anges ! air1 s z to cause x to be at "o "t cold1 & at ano!r hot2 ! consequ5ce ( :i* is1 t ! e>? is *ang$1 & ev]y?+ :i* ! e>? conta9s4 ,! obliquity ( ! zodiac1 also1 is well posit$ ) respect to ! motion ( ! sun1 = x likewise is ! cause ( g5]ation4 ,& univ]sally ?is is accompli%$ by ! prop] ord] ( ! univ]se2 s t "o ?+ 9 x is t :i* makes1 b ano!r t :i* is passive4 ,h5ce1 t :i* g5]ates 9 ano!r ?+1 exi/s above ! moon2 b t :i* g5]ates 9 itself1 has a subsi/5ce b5ea? ! moon2 & t :i* consi/s ( bo? ^!1 viz4 ( an ev]-runn+ div9e body1 & ( an ev]-mutable g5]at$ nature1 is ! _w4 ,,*ap4 ,,iii4 ,! orig91 h[ev]1 ( ! g5]ation ( man 0 n d]iv$ f ! e>?1 nor t ( o!r animals1 nor ( plants2 b ! prop] ord] ( ! _w be+ p]petual1 x is also necess>y t ! natures :i* exi/ 9 x1 & are aptly arrang$1 %\ld1 toge!r ) x1 h a nev]-fail+ subsi/5ce4 ,= ! _w prim>ily always exi/+1 x is necess>y t its p>ts %\ld be co-exi/5t ) x3 b ,i mean by its p>ts1 ! heav5s1 ! e>?1 & t :i* subsi/s betwe5 ^!2 :i* is plac$ on high1 & is d5om9at$ a]ial2 = ! _w does n exi/ )\t1 b toge!r )1 & f ^!4 ,! p>ts ( ! _w1 h[ev]1 be+ consubsi/5t1 x is also necess>y t ! natures1 compreh5d$ 9 ^! p>ts1 %\ld be co-exi/5t ) !m2 ) ! heav5s1 inde$1 ! sun & moon1 ! fix$ />s1 & ! planets2 b ) ! e>?1 animals & plants1 gold & silv]2 ) ! place on high1 & ! a]ial region1 pneumatic sub/ances & w9d1 a mutation to t :i* is m hot1 & a mutation to t :i* is m cold2 = x is ! prop]ty ( ! heav5s to subsi/ 9 conjunction ) ! natures :i* x compreh5ds2 ( ! e>? to support ! plants & animals :i* orig9ate f x2 & ( ! place on high1 & ! a]ial region1 to be consubsi/5t ) all ! natures t are g5]at$ 9 x4 ,s9ce1 !re=e1 9 ea* division ( ! _w1 a c]ta9 g5us ( animals is arrang$1 :i* surpasses ! re/ conta9$ 9 t division2 9 ! heav5s1 inde$1 ! g5us ( ! gods1 b 9 ! e>? m51 & 9 ! region on high demons2--?is be+ ! case1 x is necess>y t ! race ( m5 %\ld be p]petual1 s9ce reason truly induces u to believe1 t n only ! great p>ts ( ! _w are consubsi/5t ) ! _w1 b also ! natures compreh5d$ 9 ^! p>ts4 ,viol5t corruptions1 h[ev]1 & mutations1 take place 9 ! p>ts ( ! e>?2 at "o "t1 inde$1 ! sea ov]fl[+ into ano!r "p ( ! e>?2 b at ano!r1 ! e>? itself becom+ dilat$ & divuls$1 ?r\gh w9d or wat] lat5tly ent]+ into x4 ,b an entire corruption ( ! arrangem5t ( ! :ole e>? nev] did happ51 nor ev] w4 ,h5ce ! ass]tion1 t ! ,grecian hi/ory d]iv$ its beg9n+ f ! ,argive ,ina*us1 mu/ n be admitt$ z if x comm5c$ f a c]ta9 fir/ pr9ciple1 b t x orig9at$ f "s mutation :i* happ5$ 9 ,greece2 = ,greece has frequ5tly be51 & w aga9 be1 b>b>\s1 n only f ! migration ( =eign]s into x1 b f nature h]self1 :i*1 ?\gh %e does n become great] or less1 yet is always y\ng]1 & ) ref]5ce to u1 receives a beg9n+4 ,& ?us mu* has be5 suffici5tly said by me respect+ ! :ole & ! univ]se2 & fur!r /ill1 conc]n+ ! g5]ation & corruption ( ! natures :i* are g5]at$ 9 x1 & ! mann] 9 :i* !y subsi/1 & w = ev] subsi/2 "o "p ( ! univ]se consi/+ ( a nature :i* is p]petually mov$1 b ano!r "p ( a nature :i* is always passive2 & ! =m] ( ^! always gov]n+1 b ! latt] be+ always gov]n$4 ,,*ap4 ,,iv4 ,conc]n+ ! g5]ation ( m51 h[ev]1 f ea* o!r1 aft] :at mann]1 & f :at p>ticul>s1 x may be mo/ prop]ly effect$1 law1 & temp]ance & piety at ! same "t co-op]at+1 w be1 ,i ?9k1 z foll[s4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 inde$1 ?is mu/ be admitt$1--t we %\ld n be connect$ ) wom5 = ! sake ( pleasure1 b = ! sake ( begett+ *ildr54 ,= ^? p[]s & in/rum5ts1 & appetites1 :i* are subs]vi5t to copulation1 7 imp>t$ to m5 by ,div9ity1 n = ! sake ( voluptu\sness1 b = ! sake ( ! p]petual duration ( ! human race4 ,= s9ce x 0 impossible t man1 :o is born mortal1 %\ld p>ticipate ( a div9e life1 if ! immortality ( 8 g5us 0 corrupt$2 ,div9ity gave completion to ?is immortality ?r\gh individuals1 & made ?is g5]ation ( mank9d to be unceas+ & cont9u$4 ,?is1 !re=e1 is "o ( ! fir/ ?+s :i* x is necess>y to survey1--t copulation %\ld n be und]tak5 = ! sake ( voluptu\s delight4 ,9 ! next place1 ! co-ord9ation itself ( man %\ld be consid]$ ) ref]5ce to ! :ole1 viz4 t he is a "p ( a h\se & a city1 & 7:i* is ! greate/ ?+ ( all7 t ea* ( ! prog5y ( ! human species ought to give completion to ! _w#ai1 if x does n int5d to be a des]t] ei!r ( ! dome/ic1 or political1 or div9e ,ve/al he>?4 ,= ^? :o are n entirely connect$ ) ea* o!r = ! sake ( begett+ *ildr51 injure ! mo/ hon\rable sy/em ( conv5tion4 ,b if p]sons ( ?is description procreate ) libid9\s insol5ce & intemp]ance1 _! (fspr+ w be mis]able & flagiti\s1 & w be execrat$ by gods & demons1 & by m51 & families1 & cities4 ,^?1 !re=e1 :o delib]ately consid] ^! ?+s1 ought n1 9 a way simil> to irrational animals1 to engage 9 v5]eal connections1 b %\ld ?9k copulation to be a necess>y good4 ,= x is ! op9ion ( wor?y m51 t x is necess>y & beautiful1 n only to fill h\ses ) l>ge families1 & also ! great] "p ( ! e>?#bj1 7= man is ! mo/ mild & ! be/ ( all animals17 b1 z a ?+ ( ! greate/ consequ5ce1 to cause !m to ab\nd ) ! mo/ excell5t m54 ,= on ?is acc\nt m5 inhabit cities gov]n$ by ! be/ laws1 rightly manage _! dome/ic affairs1 & if !y are able imp>t to _! fri5ds su* political employm5ts z are con=mable to ! polities 9 :i* !y live1 s9ce !y n only provide = ! multitude at l>ge1 b especially = wor?y m54 ,h5ce1 _m err1 :o ent] into ! connubial /ate )\t reg>d+ ! magnitude ( ! p[] ( =tune1 or public utility1 b direct _! att5tion to weal?1 or dignity ( bir?4 ,= 9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 in/ead ( unit+ ) females :o are "y & 9 ! fl[] ( _! age1 !y become connect$ ) extremely old wom52 & in/ead ( hav+ wives ) a disposition accord+ )1 & mo/ simil> to _! own1 !y m>ry ^? :o are ( an illu/ri\s family1 or are extremely ri*4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 !y procure = !mselves discord in/ead ( concord2 & in/ead ( unanimity1 diss5tion2 cont5d+ ) ea* o!r = ! ma/]y4 ,= ! wife :o surpasses h] husb& 9 weal?1 9 bir?1 & 9 fri5ds1 is desir\s ( rul+ ov] him1 contr>y to ! law ( nature4 ,b ! husb& ju/ly resi/+ ?is desire ( sup]iority 9 8 wife1 & wi%+ n to be ! second1 b ! fir/ 9 dome/ic sway1 is unable1 9 ! managem5t ( 8 family1 to take ! lead4 ,?is be+ ! case1 x happ5s t n only families1 b cities1 become mis]able4 ,= families are p>ts ( cities1 b ! composition ( ! :ole & ! univ]se d]ives its subsi/5ce f p>ts#ba4 ,x is reasonable1 !re=e1 to admit1 t su* z are ! p>ts1 su* likewise w be ! :ole & ! all :i* consi/s ( ?+s ( ?is k9d4 ,& z 9 fabrics ( a prim>y nature ! fir/ /ructures co-op]ate greatly to ! good or bad completion ( ! :ole "w2 z1 = in/ance1 ! mann] 9 :i* ! f\ndation is laid 9 build+ a h\se1 ! /ructure ( ! keel 9 build+ a %ip1 & 9 musical modulation ! ext5sion & remission ( ! voice2 s ! concordant condition ( families greatly contributes to ! well or ill e/abli%m5t ( a polity4 ,^?1 !re=e1 :o direct _! att5tion to ! propagation ( ! human species1 ought to gu>d aga9/ ev]y?+ :i* is dissimil> & imp]fect2 = nei!r plants nor animals1 :5 imp]fect1 are prolific1 b to _! fructification a c]ta9 portion ( "t is necess>y1 9 ord] t :5 ! bodies are /rong & p]fect1 !y may produce se$s & fruits4 ,h5ce1 x is necess>y t boys1 & girls also :ile !y are virg9s1 %\ld be tra9$ up 9 ex]cises & prop] endurance1 & t !y %\ld be n\ri%$ ) t k9d ( food1 :i* is adapt$ to a labori\s1 temp]ate1 & pati5t life4 ,moreov]1 !re are _m ?+s 9 human life ( su* a k9d1 t x is bett] = ! k ( !m to be def]r$ = a c]ta9 "t4 ,h5ce1 x is requisite t a boy %\ld be s tutor$1 z n to seek aft] v5]eal pleasures be=e he is tw5ty ye>s ( age1 & !n %\ld r>ely engage 9 !m4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 w take place1 if he conceives t a good habit ( body1 & cont95ce1 are beautiful & hon\rable4 ,x is likewise requisite t su* legal in/itutes z ! foll[+ %\ld be taught 9 ,grecian cities1 viz4 t connection ) a "m1 or a daught]1 or a si/]1 %\ld n be p]mitt$ ei!r 9 temples1 or 9 a public place2 = x is beautiful & advantage\s t num]\s imp$im5ts to ?is en]gy %\ld be employ$4 ,& univ]sally1 x is requisite t all pret]natural g5]ations %\ld be prev5t$1 & ^? :i* are att5d$ ) wanton insol5ce4 ,b su* z are con=mable to nature %\ld be admitt$1 & :i* are effect$ ) temp]ance1 = ! purpose ( produc+ a temp]ate & legitimate (fspr+4 ,aga91 x is necess>y t ^? :o int5d to beget *ildr51 %\ld provid5tially att5d to ! welf>e ( _! future (fspr+4 ,a temp]ate & salut>y diet1 !re=e1 is ! fir/ & greate/ ?+ :i* %\ld be att5d$ to by him :o wi%es to beget *ildr52 s t he %\ld nei!r be fill$ ) unseasonable food1 nor become intoxicat$1 nor subject himself to any o!r p]turbation1 f :i* ! habits ( ! body may become worse4 ,b1 above all ?+s1 x is requisite to be c>eful t ! m9d1 9 ! act ( copulation1 %\ld be 9 a tranquil /ate3 =1 f deprav$1 discordant1 & turbul5t habits1 bad se$ is produc$4 ,x is requisite1 !re=e1 to endeav\r1 ) all possible e>ne/ness & att5tion1 t *ildr5 may be born elegant & graceful1 & t :5 born1 !y %\ld be well educat$4 ,= nei!r is x j t ^? :o re> horses1 or birds1 or dogs1 %\ld1 ) ! utmo/ dilig5ce1 endeav\r t ! bre$ may be su* z is prop]1 & f su* ?+s z are prop]1 & :5 x is prop]#bb2 & likewise consid] h[ !y ought to be dispos$ :5 !y copulate ) ea* o!r1 9 ord] t ! (fspr+ may n be a casual production2--b t m5 %\ld pay no att5tion to _! prog5y1 b %\ld beget !m casually2 & :5 begott51 %\ld neglect bo? _! nutrim5t & _! education3 = ^! be+ disreg>d$1 ! causes ( all vice & depravity are produc$1 s9ce ^? t are ?us born w resemble cattle1 & w be ignoble & vile4 ,,footnotes3 #h ,see ,additional ,notes1 a4 #i ,! univ]se c\ld n be g5]at$ toge!r ) all ?+s1 = ! pr9ciple ( x mu/ be unbegott52 s9ce ev]y?+ t is g5]at$1 is g5]at$ f a cause2 & if ?is cause 0 also g5]at$1 !re mu/ be a progression ( causes ad inf9itum1 unless ! unbegott5 is admitt$ to be ! pr9ciple ( ! univ]se4 ,nei!r1 !re=e1 c ! univ]se be corrupt$ toge!r ) all ?+s2 = ! pr9ciple ( x be+ unbegott5 is also incorruptible2 t only be+ corruptible1 :i* 0 once g5]at$4 #aj ,critolaus1 ! ,p]ipatetic1 employs ne>ly ! same argum5ts z ^? conta9$ 9 ?is p>agraph1 9 pro( ( ! p]petuity ( ! _w1 z is evid5t f ! foll[+ passage1 pres]v$ by ,philo1 9 8 ,treatise 1 8,on ! ,incorruptibility ( ! ,_w03 1 1 4 1 1 4 1 4 4 i4 e4 8,t :i* is ! cause to itself ( good heal?1 is )\t disease4 ,b1 also1 t :i* is ! cause to itself ( a vigilant en]gy1 is sleepless4 ,b if ?is be ! case1 t also :i* is ! cause to itself ( exi/5ce1 is p]petual4 ,! _w1 h[ev]1 is ! cause to itself ( exi/5ce1 s9ce x is ! cause ( exi/5ce to all o!r ?+s4 ,! _w1 !re=e1 is p]petual40 ,ev]y?+ div9e1 accord+ to ! philosophy ( ,py?agoras & ,plato1 be+ a self-p]fect ess5ce1 beg9s its own en]gy f itself1 & is !re=e prim>ily ! cause to itself ( t :i* x imp>ts to o!rs4 ,h5ce1 s9ce ! _w1 be+ a div9e & self-subsi/5t ess5ce1 imp>ts to itself exi/5ce1 x mu/ be )\t non-exi/5ce1 & !re=e mu/ be p]petual4 #aa i4 e4 ,x is n true t ! univ]se c conta9 any?+ great] & m p[]ful ?an itself4 #ab ,philo ,judu1 9 8 be=e-m5tion$ ,treatise 1 has adopt$ ! argum5ts ( ,ocellus 9 ?is p>agraph1 b n ) ! concis5ess ( 8 orig9al4 #ac ,?is f\r-fold mutation ( ages 9 ! human race1 consi/s ( ! infant1 ! lad1 ! man1 & ! old man1 z is well obs]v$ by ,!o ( ,smyrna4 ,see my ,!oretic ,ari?metic1 p4 #ahi4 #ad ,9 ! orig9al1 1 :i* is obvi\sly errone\s4 ,nog>ola1 9 8 note on ?is passage1 says1 8,melius arbitror si legatur 1 1 ut sit s5sus1 semp] patibilem1 et semp] mobilem p>tem di/+uunt ac sep>ant40 ,b ?\gh he is "r 9 read+ = 1 he is wrong 9 sub/itut+ = 2 = ,ocellus is "h speak+ ( ! di/9ction betwe5 ! cele/ial & sublun>y region1 ! =m] ( :i* is impassive1 because n subject to g5]ation & corruption1 b ! latt] be+ subject to bo? ^! is p]petually mutable4 #ae ,ari/otle1 9 8 treatise on ,g5]ation & ,corruption1 has borr[$ :at ,ocellus "h says ab\t ! ?ree ?+s necess>y to g5]ation4 ,see my translation ( t "w4 #af ,9 ! orig9al1 1 in/ead ( :i* x is necess>y to read 1 con=mably to ! above translation4 ,see ! ,notes to my translation ( ! ,fir/ ,book ( ,ari/otle's ,physics1 p4 #gc1 c41 9 :i* ! read] w f9d a treasury ( in=mation f ,simplicius conc]n+ matt]4 ,b z matt] is devoid ( all quality1 & is a privation ( all =m1 ! necessity ( ! above em5dation is imm$iately obvi\s4 #ag ,?us also ,ari/otle1 9 8 ,treatise on ,g5]ation & ,corruption1 1 1 1 1 i4 e4 8,) respect to heat & cold1 dryness & moi/ure1 ! two =m] ( ^! are said to be effective1 b ! two latt] passive p[]s40 #ah ,! sub/ance ( ne>ly ! :ole ( :at ,ocellus "h says1 & also ( ! two foll[+ p>agraphs1 is giv5 by ,ari/otle1 9 8 ,treatise on ,g5]ation & ,corruption4 #ai ,9 ! orig9al1 1 1 1 1 4 4 4 ,"h1 = 1 1 4 4 41 x is requisite to read1 con=mably to ! above translation1 1 1 4 4 4 ,nog>ola1 9 8 v]sion1 f n p]ceiv+ ! necessity ( ?is em5dation1 has made ,ocellus say t man is ! greate/ "p ( ! univ]se2 = 8 translation is z foll[s3 8,mox e&em hom9is con/itutionem ad univ]sam ref]5dam1 quippe qui non solum doms et civitatis1 v]um etiam mundi maxima habetur p>s10 c4 #bj ,?is obs]vation applies only to well regulat$ cities1 b 9 ,london & o!r l>ge cities1 :]e ! population is n re/rict$ to a def9ite numb]1 ?is abundant propagation ( ! species is1 to ! great] "p ( ! community1 att5d$ ) extreme mis]y & want4 ,plato & ,ari/otle1 :o rank among ! wise/ m5 t ev] liv$1 7 decid$ly ( op9ion1 t ! population ( a city %\ld be limit$4 ,h5ce1 ! =m] ( ^! philosoph]s says1 8t 9 a city :]e ! inhabitants d n "k ea* o!r1 !re is no light1 b pr(\nd d>kness20 & ! latt]1 8t z #aj1jjj inhabitants are too few = a city1 s #ajj1jjj are too _m40 #ba ,= :ole1 accord+ to ! philosophy ( ,py?agoras & ,plato1 has a triple subsi/5ce2 s9ce x is ei!r prior to p>ts1 or consi/s ( p>ts1 or exi/s 9 ea* ( ! p>ts ( a ?+4 ,b a :ole1 prior to p>ts1 conta9s 9 itself p>ts causally4 ,! univ]se is a :ole ( :oles1 ! :oles :i* x compreh5ds 9 itself 7viz4 ! in]ratic sph]e1 & ! sph]es ( ! planets & elem5ts7 be+ its p>ts4 ,& 9 ! :ole :i* is 9 ea* "p ( a ?+1 e "p accord+ to p>ticipation becomes a :ole1 i4 e4 a p>tial :ole4 #bb ,9 ! orig9al1 1 1 1 a mode ( diction :i* frequ5tly occurs 9 ,ari/otle1 & f him 9 ,platonic writ]s4 ,,ocellus ,,lucanus ,,on ,,laws4 ,a ,,fragm5t ,,pres]v$ ,,by ,,/ob,,u1 ,,eclog4 ,,phys4 ,,lib4 ,i4 ,,cap4 #af4 ,life1 connect$ly--conta9s 9 itself bodies2 b ( ?is1 s\l is ! cause4 ,h>mony compreh5ds1 connect$ly1 ! _w2 b ( ?is1 ,god is ! cause4 ,concord b9ds toge!r families & cities2 & ( ?is1 law is ! cause4 ,h5ce1 !re is a c]ta9 cause & nature :i* p]petually adapts ! p>ts ( ! _w to ea* o!r1 & nev] suff]s !m to be disord]ly & )\t connection4 ,cities1 h[ev]1 & families1 cont9ue only = a %ort "t2 ! prog5y ( :i*1 & ! mortal nature ( ! matt] ( :i* !y consi/1 conta9 9 !mselves ! cause ( dissolution2 = !y d]ive _! subsi/5ce f a mutable & p]petually passive nature4 ,= ! de/ruction#bc ( ?+s :i* are g5]at$1 is ! salvation ( ! matt] f :i* !y are g5]at$4 ,t nature1 h[ev]1 :i* is p]petually mov$#bd gov]ns1 b t :i* is always passive#be is gov]n$2 & ! "o is 9 capacity prior1 b ! o!r po/]ior4 ,! "o also is div9e1 & possesses reason & intellect1 b ! o!r is g5]at$1 & is irrational & mutable4 ,,footnotes3 #bc ,9 ! orig9al1 2 b ! true read+ is d\btless 1 & ,vizzanus has 9 8 v]sion int]itus4 ,:at is "h said by ,ocellus is 9 p]fect con=mity ) ! foll[+ beautiful l9es ( our admirable philosophic poet1 ,pope1 9 8 ,essay on ,man3 8,all =ms t p]i% o!r =ms supply2 ,by turns !y cat* ! vital brea? & die2 ,l bubbles on ! sea ( matt] born1 ,!y rise1 !y break1 & to t sea return40 #bd i4 e4 ,! cele/ial region4 #be i4 e4 ,! sublun>y region4 ,,additional ,,notes4 a ,page #a4--8;,b o!rs f op9ion 9 conjunction ) reason20--:i* 9 ! orig9al is1 1 4 ,b ,ocellus is n accurate 9 :at he "h ass]ts1 z is evid5t f :at ,plato says 9 8 ,timu4 ,= ! div9e philosoph] hav+1 9 ! =m] "p ( ?is dialogue1 propos$ to consid] 8:at t is :i* is always be+1 b is )\t g5]ation1 & :at t is :i* is g5]at$ or consi/s 9 becom+ to be1 b is nev] really be+10 adds3 8,! =m] ( ^!1 inde$1 is compreh5d$ by intellig5ce 9 conjunction ) reason1 s9ce x always subsi/s ) inv>iable sam5ess2 b ! latt] is p]ceiv$ by op9ion 9 conjunction ) irrational s5se1 s9ce x is g5]at$ & corrupt$1 & nev] truly is40 1 1 1 1 ' ' 1 1 1 4 ,plato1 z is evid5t f :at is said 9 ! ,introduction to ?is "w1 _h se5 ?is tract ( ,ocellus1 & corrects him 9 :at he "h says1 z he also did ! op9ions ( o!r philosoph]s ant]ior to1 or contempor>y ) him4 ,= if ,ocellus _h spok5 accurately1 he %\ld h said1 8t he _h le>nt "s ?+s ?r\gh cle> argum5ts f nature h]self1 b o!rs f op9ion 9 conjunction ) irrational s5se40 ,=1 z ,proclus admirably demon/rates 9 8 ,comm5t>y on ! above passage f ! ,timu ( ,plato1 truly exi/+ be+ is only to be appreh5d$ by u ?r\gh illum9ations f an intellect sup]ior to ! human1 9 conjunction ) ! en]gy ( ! summit ( our reason+ p[]2 = su* is ! accurate mean+ ( 9 ?is place4 ,b op9ion is a k ( s5sibles con=mable to reason1 yet )\t be+ able to assign ! cause ( :at x kn[s2 & s5se is an irrational k ( ! objects to :i* x is passive1 & ! in/rum5t ( s5se is passion only4 ,see ! fir/ volume ( my translation ( ! ,comm5t>ies ( ,proclus on ! ,timu ( ,plato1 p4 #bjb1 c4 ,ocellus adds1 8t x is 8 int5tion 9 ?is treatise ,on ! ,univ]se to d]ive :at is probable f intellectual p]ception40 ,= 9 physiological discussions we mu/ be satisfi$ ) probability & an approximation to ! tru?4 ,h5ce1 ,proclus1 9 8 ,comm5t>y on t "p ( ! ,timu 9 :i* ,plato says1 8,:at ess5ce is to g5]ation1 t tru? is to fai?10 admirably obs]ves z foll[s3 8,! fai? ( :i* ,plato n[ speaks is rational1 b is m+l$ ) irrational k1 z x employs s5se & conjecture2 h5ce1 x is fill$ ) mu* ( ! un/able4 ,= receiv+ f s5se or conjecture ! 1 or t a ?+ is1 x ?us expla9s causes4 ,b ^! k9ds ( k h mu* ( ! confus$ & un/able4 ,h5ce1 ,socrates1 9 ! ,phd1 repreh5ds s5se 9 _m respects1 because we nei!r he> nor see any?+ accurately4 8,h[1 !re=e1 c ! k :i* orig9ates f s5se possess ! accurate & ! irrepreh5sible8 ,= ! p[]s :i* use sci5ce alone1 compreh5d ! :ole ( ! ?+ kn[n ) accuracy2 b ^? t en]gise ) s5se1 are deceiv$1 & deviate f accuracy1 on acc\nt ( s5se1 & because ! object ( k is un/able4 ,=1 ) respect to t :i* is mat]ial1 :at c any "o say ( x8 s9ce x is always *ang+ & fl[+1 & is n naturally adapt$ to abide = a mom5t4 ,b t :i* is cele/ial1 9 consequ5ce ( be+ remote f u1 is n easily kn[n1 nor c x be appreh5d$ by sci5ce1 b we mu/ be satisfi$ 9 ! !ory ( x ) an approximation to ! tru?1 & ) probability in/ead ( c]ta9ty4 ,= ev]y?+ :i* is 9 place requires ! be+ situat$ !re1 9 ord] to a p]fect k ( its nature4 ,! intelligible1 h[ev]1 is n a ?+ ( ?is k9d1 s9ce x is n appreh5d$ by u 9 place2 =1 :]ev] any "o e/abli%es 8 reason+ en]gy1 !re1 tru? be+ ev]y:]e pres5t1 he comes into contact ) x4 ,b if x is possible to ass]t any?+ firm & /able ab\t t :i* is cele/ial1 ?is also is possible1 s f> z x p>ticipates ( be+1 & s f> z x c be appreh5d$ by intellig5ce4 ,=1 if any?+ necess>y c be collect$ conc]n+ x1 x is alone ?r\gh geometrical demon/rations :i* are univ]sal4 ,b s f> z x is s5sible1 x is difficult to be appreh5d$1 & difficult to be survey$40--,see ! fir/ volume ( my translation ( ,proclus on ! ,timu ( ,plato1 p4 #bia4 ,9 p4 #bic1 he also obs]ves1 8t p]fectly accurate argum5ts1 & su* z are truly sci5tific1 are n to be expect$ 9 physical discussions1 b su* z are assimilat$ to !m4 ,x is besides ?is requisite to "k1 t z ! _w is m+l$ f physical p[]s1 & an intellectual & div9e ess5ce2 = 8physical works1 z ! ,*aldean ,oracle says1 co-subsi/ ) ! intellectual light ( ! fa!r20 ?us1 also1 ! discussion ( ! _w makes a commixture ( fai? & tru?4 ,= ?+s :i* are assum$ f s5se p>ticipate l>gely ( conjectural discussion2 b ?+s :i* comm5ce f intelligibles1 possess t :i* is irrepreh5sible1 & _c be confut$40 ,&1 la/ly1 9 p4 #bif1 he adds1 8t ! want ( accuracy 9 ! !ory ( ! images ( be+1 arises f our imbecility2 =1 to ! k ( !m we require imag9ation1 s5se1 & _m o!r organs4 ,b ! ,gods contract$ly conta9 ^! 9 _! unity & div9e intellection2 =1 9 sublun>y natures1 we are satisfi$ 9 appreh5d+ t :i*1 = ! mo/ "p1 takes place on acc\nt ( ! in/ability ( _! subject matt]4 ,b aga91 9 cele/ial natures1 we are fill$ ) mu* ( ! conjectural1 ?r\gh employ+ s5se & mat]ial in/rum5ts4 ,on ?is acc\nt we mu/ be satisfi$ ) proximity 9 ! appreh5sion1 ( !m1 s9ce we dwell remotely at ! bottom1 z x is said1 ( ! univ]se4 ,?is also is evid5t f ^? t are conv]sant ) !m1 :o collect ! same ?+s respect+ !m f diff]5t hypo!ses2 "s ?+s1 inde$1 ?r\gh ecc5trics1 o!rs ?r\gh epicycles1 & o!rs ?r\gh evolv5ts1 9 all ^! pres]v+ ! phnom5a40 ,%uttlewor?1 9 8 ,a/ronomy1 has demon/rat$ t ! cele/ial phnom5a may be solv$ by ! hypo!ses ( ,ptolemy & ,ty*o ,brahe1 equally z well z by ^? ( ,cop]nicus4 ,b a/ronom]s ( ! pres5t day1 f n be+ skill$ 9 ! logic ( ,ari/otle1 are n aw>e t true conclusions may be d$uc$ f false premises2 & h5ce1 because _! !ory solves ! phnom5a1 !y imm$iately conclude t x is true4 ,ari/otle1 9 8 ,po/]ior ,analytics1 has incontrov]tibly %[n1 t ! ?+s f :i* demon/rative sci5ce consi/s1 mu/ be necess>ily true1 ! causes (1 m kn[n ?an1 & prior to ! conclusion4 ,b :]e ! premises ( a syllogism are false1 ! conclusion is n sci5tifically1 i4 e4 necess>ily1 true4 ,?us 9 ! syllogism1 ,e /one is an animal2 e man is a /one2 !re=e e man is an animal1--! conclusion is true1 b n sci5tific4 ,note to p4 #ad4--,ocellus is wrong 9 ascrib+ two p[]s only to ea* ( ! elem5ts1 in/ead ( ?ree1 z is cle>ly %[n by ,proclus1 9 ! foll[+ extract f 8 admirable ,comm5t>y on ! ,timu ( ,plato4 8,!re are "s physiologi/s 7says he7 :o ascribe "o p[] to ea* ( ! elem5ts2 to fire inde$ heat1 to air frigidity1 to wat] moi/ure1 & to e>? dryness2 9 s do+1 entirely w&]+ f ! tru?4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 because !y subv]t ! _w & ord]4 ,= x is impossible = ?+s to be co-adapt$ to ea* o!r1 :5 !y possess ! mo/ contr>y p[]s1 unless !y h some?+ 9 common4 ,9 ! next place1 !y make ! mo/ contr>y natures alli$ to ea* o!r1 viz4 ! hot to ! cold1 & ! moi/ to ! dry#bf4 ,x is necess>y1 h[ev]1 to make ?+s :i* are ho/ile m remote ?an ?+s :i* are less =eign4 ,= su* is ! nature ( contr>ies4 ,9 ! ?ird place1 !re=e1 ! fir/ two p[]s w h no sympa?y :atev] ) ! re/1 b w be divuls$#bg f ea* o!r4 ,= x is impossible to say :at is common to humidity & frigidity4 ,& 9 addition to all ^! ?+s1 z ! elem5ts are solids1 !y w n be conjo9$ to ea* o!r by any m$ium4 ,x has h[ev] be5 %[n t x is n possible = solids to be conjo9$ ?r\gh "o m$ium4 ,nor c !y be conjo9$ )\t a m$ium4 ,= ?is is alone ! prov9ce ( ?+s t are p]fectly )\t int]val4 8,b "s o!rs1 z ,ocellus1 :o 0 ! precursor ( ,timu1 attribute two p[]s to ea* ( ! elem5ts2 to fire inde$ heat & dryness2 to air1 heat & moi/ure2 to wat]1 moi/ure & coldness2 & to e>?1 coldness & dryness4 ,& ^! ?+s are writt5 by ?is man 9 8 treatise ,on ,nature4 ,9 :at1 !re=e1 d ^! err :o ?us speak8 ,9 ! fir/ place1 inde$1 wi%+ to discov] ! common p[]s 9 ! elem5ts1 9 ord] t !y may pres]ve ! co-arrangem5t ( !m ) ea* o!r1 !y no m assign communion ?an sep>ation to !m1 b equally hon\r _! ho/ility & _! h>mony4 ,:at k9d ( _w1 !re=e1 w subsi/ f ^!2 :at ord] w !re be ( ?+s :i* are )\t arrangem5t & mo/ =eign1 & ( ?+s :i* are mo/ alli$ & co-arrang$8 ,= ?+s :i* 9 an equal degree are ho/ile & peaceful1 w 9 an equal mode dissolve & con/itute communion4 ,b ?is communion be+ simil>ly dissolv$1 & simil>ly implant$1 ! univ]se w no m exi/ ?an n exi/4 ,9 ! second place1 !y d n assign ! greate/ contr>iety to ! extremes1 b to ?+s mo/ remote f ! extremes2 ?\gh we ev]y:]e see1 t ( homog5e\s natures1 ^? :i* are mo/ di/ant h ! nature ( contr>ies1 & n ^? :i* are less di/ant4 ,h[ likewise did nature arrange !m1 s9ce !y are mo/ remote 9 _! situation f ea* o!r8 ,0 x n by p]ceiv+ _! contr>iety1 & t ! ?ird 0 m alli$ ?an ! la/ to ! fir/8 ,h[1 also1 did %e arrange ! motions ( !m1 s9ce fire is mo/ light & t5ds upw>d1 b e>? is mo/ heavy & t5ds d[nw>d8 ,b :5ce 7 ! motions ( !m :i* are mo/ contr>y d]iv$1 if n f nature8 ,if1 !re=e1 nature di/ribut$ to !m mo/ contr>y motions1 x is evid5t t !y are !mselves mo/ contr>y4 ,= z ! motions ( simple be+s are simple1 & ^? ?+s are simple ( :i* ! motions are simple1 ?us also ^? ?+s are mo/ contr>y ( :i* ! motions are mo/ contr>y4 ,& ?is may occasion "s "o to wond] at ,ari/otle1 :o1 9 :at he says ab\t motion1 places e>? z mo/ contr>y to fire2 b 9 :at he says ab\t p[]s1 he makes ! mo/ remote ( simil> natures to be m fri5dly ?an ^? t are proximate1 :5 !y are mov$ ) mo/ contr>y motions4 ,=1 z ! elem5ts h contr>y places 9 _! positions1 z !y h contr>y motions 9 lations1 z !y h contr>y p[]s1 gravity & levity1 ?r\gh :i* motions subsi/ 9 _! =ms1 ?us also !y h contr>y passive qualities4 ,ari/otle himself likewise manife/s t e>? is contr>y to fire4 ,= wi%+ to %[ t x is necess>y !re %\ld be m bodies ?an "o1 he says3 8,moreov]1 if e>? exi/s1 x is also necess>y t fire %\ld exi/4 ,= 9 ?+s1 "o ( ! contr>ies ( :i* naturally is1 ! o!r likewise has a natural subsi/5ce40 ,s t nei!r 0 he able aft] any o!r mann] to %[ t !re are m elem5ts ?an "o1 ?an by ass]t+ t fire is contr>y to e>?4 8,fur!r /ill1 z ! elem5ts are solids1 h[ c !y be b\nd toge!r ?r\gh "o m$ium8 ,= ?is is impossible 9 solids1 z we h be=e obs]v$4 ,h5ce ^? :o ass]t ^! ?+s1 nei!r speak ma!matically nor physically1 b unavoidably err 9 bo? ^! respects4 ,= physical are d]iv$ f ma!matical entities4 ,timu !re=e alone1 or any o!r :o rightly foll[s him1 nei!r attributes "o or two p[]s alone to ! elem5ts1 b triple p[]s2 to fire inde$ t5uity ( p>ts1 acut5ess1 & facility ( motion2 to air1 t5uity ( p>ts1 obtus5ess1 & facility ( motion2 to wat]1 grossness ( p>ts1 obtus5ess1 & facility ( motion2 & to e>?1 grossness ( p>ts1 obtus5ess1 & difficulty ( motion4 ,b ?is is 9 ord] t ea* ( ! elem5ts may h two p[]s1 ea*#bh ( :i* is common to ! elem5t plac$ next to x1 & "o p[] :i* is diff]5t1 9 ! same mann] z x 0 demon/rat$ 9 ma!matical numb]s & figures2 ?is diff]5t p[] be+ assum$ f "o ( ! extremes2 & also 9 ord] t e>?1 accord+ to all ! p[]s1 may subsi/ oppositely to fire2 & t ! extremes may h two m$ia1 & ! cont9u$ quantities two2 ! latt] hav+ solids = ! m$ia1 b ! =m]1 common p[]s4 ,= let fire inde$ be att5uat$ 9 its p>ts1 acute1 & easily mov$4 ,= x has an att5uat$ ess5ce1 & is acute1 z hav+ a figure ( ?is k9d i4 e4 a pyramidal figure1 & on ?is acc\nt is incisive & fugitive#bi1 & p]meates ?r\gh all ! o!r elem5ts4 ,x is also mov$ ) facility#cj1 z be+ mo/ ne> to ! cele/ial bodies1 & exi/+ 9 !m4 ,= ! cele/ial fire itself is mov$ ) cel]ity1 z is likewise sublun>y fire1 :i* is p]petually mov$ 9 conjunction ) x1 & accord+ to "o circle1 & "o impulse4 ,s9ce1 !re=e1 e>? is contr>y to fire1 x has contr>y p[]s1 viz4 grossness1 obtus5ess1 & difficulty ( motion1 all :i* we see are pres5t ) x4 ,b ^! be+ ?us ho/ile1 & be+ solids1 are also simil> solids4 ,= _! sides & _! p[]s are analog\s4 ,= z ! gross is to ! att5uat$1 s is ! obtuse to ! acute1 & t :i* is mov$ ) difficulty1 to t :i* is mov$ ) facility4 ,b ^? are simil> solids ( :i* ! sides t con/itute ! bodies are analog\s4 ,= ! sides are ! p[]s ( :i* bodies consi/4 ,h5ce1 z fire & e>? are simil> bodies1 & simil> solids1 two analog\s m$ia fall betwe5 !m2 & ea* ( ! m$ia w h two sides ( ! extremes situat$ next to x1 & ! rema9+ side f ! o!r extreme4 ,h5ce1 s9ce fire has = its ?ree physical sides ! triple p[]s1 t5uity1 acut5ess1 & facility ( motion1 by tak+ away ! middle p[]1 acut5ess1 & introduc+ in/ead ( x obtus5ess1 we %all produce air1 :i* has two sides ( fire1 b "o ( e>?1 or two p[]s ( fire1 b "o ( e>?2 z x is fit t :at is ne> %\ld r communicate ) x1 ?an :at is sep>at$ 9 ! ?ird rank f x4 8,aga91 s9ce e>? has ?ree physical p[]s1 contr>y to ! p[]s ( fire1 viz4 grossness ( p>ts1 obtus5ess1 & difficulty ( motion2 by tak+ away difficulty ( motion1 & introduc+ facility ( motion1 we %all produce wat]1 :i* consi/s ( gross p>ts1 is obtuse1 & is easily mov$2 & :i* has inde$ two sides or p[]s common ) e>?1 b receives "o f fire4 ,& ?us ^! m$ia w be spontane\sly conjo9$ ) ea* o!r2 communicat+ inde$ 9 tw(old p[]s1 b diff]+ 9 similitude by "o p[]2 & ! extremes w be b\nd toge!r by two m$ia4 ,ea* elem5t also w ?us be 9 a great] degree conjo9$ to1 ?an sep>at$ f1 ! elem5t :i* is ne> to x2 & "o _w w be p]fectly effect$ ?r\gh all ( !m1 & "o h>moni\s ord]1 ?r\gh ! pr$om9ance ( analogy4 ,?us also1 ( ! two cubes #h & #bg1 ! m$ium #ab be+ plac$ next to #h1 w h two sides ( ?is1 b "o side ( #bg4 ,= #ab is produc$ by #b #b #c4 ,b x is vice v]s ) #ah4 ,= ?is is produc$ by #c #c #b4 ,& ! side ( #bg is #c1 9 ! same mann] z #b is ! side ( #h4 ,! physical dogmas1 !re=e1 ( ,plato1 ab\t ! elem5ts ( ! univ]se1 accord ) ma!matical speculations40 ,9 ! ,introduction to my ,translation ( ! ,timu ( ,plato1 ,i h add$ ! foll[+ numb]s1 = ! purpose ( repres5t+ ?is beautiful di/ribution ( ! elem5ts1 by ,proclus1 ari?metically4 ,let ! numb] #fj repres5t fire1 & #dhj e>?2 & ! m$ia betwe5 ^!1 viz4 #abj & #bdj1 w correspond to air & wat]4 ,=1 z #fj 3 #abj 33 #bdj 3 #dhj4 ,b #fj #c #e #d1 #abj #c #aj #d1 #bdj #f #aj #d1 & #dhj #f #aj #h4 ,s t ^! numb]s w correspond to ! prop]ties ( ! elem5ts z foll[s3 ,fire4 ,air4 #c #e #d #c #aj #d 33 ,subtle1 acute1 moveable4 ,subtle1 blunt1 moveable4 ,wat]4 ,e>?4 #f #aj #d 3 #f #aj #h4 ,d5se1 blunt1 moveable4 ,d5se1 blunt1 immoveable4 8,h5ce10 ,proclus adds1 8^! ?+s be+ ?us det]m9$1 let u physically adapt !m to ! words ( ,plato4 ,we call a physical plane or sup]ficies1 !re=e1 t :i* has two p[]s only1 b a physical solid t :i* has ?ree p[]s4 ,& we say1 t if we fa%ion bodies f two p[]s1 "o m$ium w\ld conjo9 ! elem5ts to ea* o!r4 ,b s9ce1 z we ass]t1 bodies possess triple p[]s1 !y are b\nd toge!r by two m$ia4 ,= !re are two common p[]s ( ! adjac5t m$ia1 & "o p[] :i* is diff]5t4 ,& ! extremes !mselves1 if !y consi/$ ( two p[]s1 w\ld be conjo9$ ?r\gh "o m$ium4 ,= let fire1 if y w1 be alone att5uat$ & easily mov$2 b e>?1 on ! contr>y1 h alone grossness ( p>ts & immobility4 ,"o m$ium1 !re=e1 w be suffici5t = ^!4 ,= grossness ( p>ts & facility ( motion1 & t5uity ( p>ts & difficulty ( motion1 are all t is requisite to ! colligation ( bo?4 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 ea* ( ! elem5ts is triple1 ! extremes require two m$ia1 & ! ?+s !mselves t are adjac5t are b\nd toge!r ?r\gh two p[]s4 ,= solids1 & ^! are ?+s t h triple contr>y p[]s1 are nev] co-adapt$ by "o m$ium40 ,,footnotes3 #bf ,= "h1 read 1 & = 1 read 1 4 4 4 #bg ,= 9 ?is place1 ,i read 4 #bh ,= "h1 x is obvi\sly necess>y to read 4 #bi ,= 9 ?is place1 read 4 #cj ,in/ead ( "h1 x is necess>y to read 4 ,,fragm5ts ,,( ,,taurus1 ,a ,,platonic ,,philosoph]1 ,,on ,,! ,,et]nity ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 ,,extract$ ,,f ,,philoponus ,,aga9/ ,,proclus4 ,taurus1 9 8 ,comm5t>ies on ! ,timu ( ,plato1 says3 8,9 ! inve/igation1 :e!r accord+ to ,plato ! _w is unbegott51 philosoph]s diff] 9 _! op9ions4 ,= ,ari/otle ass]ts t ,timu says ! _w 0 g5]at$#ca4 ,& ,!ophra/us also1 9 8 treatise ,on ,physical ,op9ions1 says t1 accord+ to ,plato1 ! _w 0 g5]at$1 & !re=e writes 9 opposition to him4 ,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 he ass]ts t ,timu p]haps suppos$ ! _w to be g5]at$1 = ! sake ( p]spicuity4 ,c]ta9 o!r p]sons also inf]1 t1 accord+ to ,plato1 ! _w 0 g5]at$4 ,b1 aga91 o!rs cont5d t ,plato believ$ ! _w to be unbegott54 ,s9ce1 h[ev]1 ^? :o ass]t t ! _w 0 g5]at$1 cite _m o!r words ( ,plato1 & likewise ! passage 9 :i* ,plato#cb says1 #8! _w 0 g5]at$1 = x is visible & tangible2' ?is be+ ! case1 x is requisite to direct our att5tion to ! diff]5t ways 9 :i* a ?+ is said to be g5]at$1 & ?us we %all "k t ,plato ass]ts ! _w to be g5]at$1 n accord+ to ! signification 9 :i* we affirm ?is ( ?+s :i* d]ive _! subsi/5ce f a c]ta9 temporal beg9n+4 ,= ?is x is :i* deceives ! multitude1 :5 !y conceive ! ^w g5]at$ to imply a temporal orig94 ,a ?+1 !re=e1 is said to be g5]at$1 :i* nev] inde$ _h a beg9n+ 9 "t1 b yet is 9 ! same g5us ) g5]at$ natures4 ,?us we call a ?+ visible1 :i* is n se51 nor has be5 se51 nor w be se51 b yet is 9 ! same g5us ) ?+s ( a visible nature4 ,& ?is w take place ) a body :i* may exi/ ab\t ! c5tre ( ! e>?4 ,t also is said to be g5]at$1 :i*1 9 m5tal conception1 subsi/s z a composite1 ?\gh x nev] has be5 a composite4 ,?us1 9 music1 ! middle *ord is said to be compos$ ( ! l[e/ & highe/ *ord4 ,= ?\gh x is n ?us compos$1 yet !re is p]ceiv$ 9 x ! p[] ( ! "o ) ref]5ce to ! o!r4 ,! l also takes place 9 fl[]s & animals4 ,9 ! _w1 !re=e1 composition & mixture are p]ceiv$2 accord+ to :i*1 we are able to )draw & sep>ate qualities f x1 & resolve x into a fir/ subject4 ,! _w also is said to be g5]at$1 because x always subsi/s 9 becom+ to be1 l ,proteus *ang+ into all-v>i\s =ms2 h5ce1 ) respect to ! _w1 ! e>?1 & ! natures1 z f> z to ! moon1 are cont9ually *ang$ into ea* o!r4 ,b ! natures above ! moon are z to _! subject ne>ly ! same1 su/a9+ only a small mutation4 ,!y *ange1 h[ev]1 accord+ to figure2 j z a danc] be+ "o & ! same accord+ to subject1 is *ang$ into v>i\s =ms by a c]ta9 ge/ure & motion ( ! h&s4 ,! cele/ial bodies1 !re=e1 are ?us *ang$1 & diff]5t habitudes ( !m take place1 betwe5 ! motions ( ! planets ) ref]5ce to ! fix$ />s1 & ( ! fix$ />s ) respect to ! planets4 8,! _w1 likewise1 may be said to be g5]at$1 because x d]ives its exi/5ce f some?+ diff]5t f itself1 viz4 f ,god1 by :om x is adorn$4 ,?us1 also1 ) ^? :o directly admit t ! _w is p]petual1 ! moon possesses a g5]at$ light f ! sun1 ?\gh !re nev] 0 a "t :5 ! =m] 0 n illum9at$ by ! latt]4 ,if1 !re=e1 "s "o ass]ts t ! _w is g5]at$ accord+ to ,plato1 con=mably to ^! significations ( ! ^w1 :at he says may be admitt$4 ,b s f> z ! t]m #8g5]at$' signifies a c]ta9 "t1 & t ! _w1 =m]ly n exi/+1 0 aft]w>ds g5]at$1 ?is signification1 :5 appli$ to ! _w1 mu/ by no means be grant$4 ,plato himself1 inde$1 indicates h[ :at he ass]ts is to be und]/ood1 :5 he says1 #8,x mu/ be inve/igat$1 :e!r ! univ]se always 01 hav+ no pr9ciple :atev] ( g5]ation1 or :e!r x 0 g5]at$1 comm5c+ its g5]ation f a c]ta9 cause4' ,= ! words1 #8no pr9ciple :atev]1' & #8f a c]ta9 cause1' manife/ he does n int5d t a temporal pr9ciple %\ld be assum$2 b t :at he says1 is to be und]/ood 9 ! same way1 z :5 we say t ! hi/ory ( ! ,ephori comm5c$ 9 ! desc5dants ( ,h]cules4 ,o!rs say1 t ! _w _h a beg9n+ f ! ,demiurgus4 ,= ! ,demiurgus is a pr9ciple1 & s likewise is ! p>adigm ( ! univ]se1 & matt]4 ,b matt] _c be prop]ly said to be a pr9ciple4 ,aga91 ,plato does n say t ! _w is a body1 b t x has a body2 indicat+ by ?is1 t s f> z x possesses a corporeal nature1 ! v be+ ( :i* consi/s 9 becom+ to be1 x may be said to be g5]at$40 ,aga91 ,taurus1 9 ! same ,comm5t>ies on ! ,timu1 hav+ cit$ ! foll[+ passage f t dialogue1 viz4 8,we :o are ab\t to speak conc]n+ ! univ]se1 :e!r x is g5]at$1 or )\t g5]ation10 obs]ves3 8,plato says ?is1 ?\gh ! _w is unbegott54 ,& ! poet1 #8,?\gh 9 _! race po/]ior f\nd1' ,plato1 h[ev]1 = ! sake ( discipl9e1 speaks ( ! _w :i* is unbegott51 z if x 0 g5]at$40 ,%ortly aft] ?is1 ,taurus says1 8,:at1 !re=e1 are ! causes ?r\gh :i* ! _w be+ unbegott51 is suppos$ to be g5]at$80 ,bo? ^! inquiries#cc1 inde$1 des]ve to be philosophically inve/igat$4 ,= "o ( !m excites to piety1 b ! o!r is assum$ = ! sake ( elucidation4 ,= ,plato1 kn[+ t ! multitude appreh5d t alone to be a cause :i* has a prec$5cy 9 "t1 & n conceiv+ x to be possible = any?+ o!rwise to be a cause1 & also inf]r+1 t1 f ?is op9ion1 !y might be l$ to disbelieve 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,provid5ce2 wi%+ likewise to inculcate ?is dogma1 t ! _w is gov]n$ by ,provid5ce1 he tacitly manife/s x to ^? :o are abundantly able to und]/& t ! _w is unbegott5 accord+ to "t2 b to ^? :o are n able to und]/& ?is1 he indicates t x is g5]at$4 ,he is also anxi\s t !y may believe ?is1 9 ord] t at ! same "t !y may be p]suad$ 9 ! exi/5ce ( ,provid5ce4 ,b ! second cause :i* induc$ ,plato ?us to write1 is ?is1--t ass]tions are !n m cle>1 :5 we meet ) !m z ) ?+s :i* actually take place4 ,?us geometricians compose diagrams z if !y 7 g5]at$1 ?\gh !y are n composites4 ,& ,euclid def9es a circle1 z be+ m simple1 to be a plane figure1 compreh5d$ "u "o l9e1 to :i* all l9es fall+ f "o po9t )9 ! figure are equal to ea* o!r4 ,b wi%+ to expla9 a sph]e1 he def9es x1 z if x 0 among ! numb] ( ?+s g5]at$1 to be =m$ by ! revolution ( a semicircle ab\t ! diamet]1 until x returns to ! same po9t f :i* x began to be mov$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 he _h int5d$ to expla9 ! sph]e :i* already exi/$1 he w\ld h def9$ x to be a solid figure1 compreh5d$ "u "o sup]ficies1 to :i* all "r l9es fall+ f "o po9t )9 ! figure1 are equal to ea* o!r4 ,b x 0 usual ) ,plato1 = ! sake ( discipl9e1 to unfold ?+s :i* are )\t g5]ation#cd1 z if !y 7 g5]at$4 ,?us1 9 ! ,republic1 he introduces ! city z be+ made1 9 ord] t 9 ! =mation ( x1 ! g5]ation ( ju/ice might become m manife/4 ,:51 h[ev]1 ,!ophra/us says1 t p]haps ,plato speaks ( ! _w z g5]at$ = ! sake ( elucidation1 j z we consid] geometrical diagrams to be g5]at$1 p]haps g5]ation does n subsi/ simil>ly 9 diagrams4 ,ari/otle also ass]ts ! same ?+2 = he says1 t 9 diagrams x is n prop] 9 ! beg9n+ to suppose contr>ies1 b ?is is to be admitt$ 9 ! g5]ation ( ! _w2 j z if "s "o %\ld suppose motion & re/1 ord] & disord]4 ,nei!r1 !re=e1 d all ?+s require inv>iable p>adigms2 b ! examples %[ t x is n m obvi\s to ass]t t ! _w is g5]at$1 ?an t x is unbegott54 ,b h[ is x possible to suppose contr>ies 9 diagrams8 ,= c x be suppos$ t a triangle is at "o & ! same "t /ation>y & mov$8 ,h5ce1 ! _w is1 accord+ to itself1 unbegott54 ,nor %\ld any "o fatigue himself 9 endeav\r+ to prove f ! ,atlanticus & ,politicus ( ,plato1 t ! _w is g5]at$4 ,= we h %[n aft] :at mann] ! _w is unbegott51 & h[ x is said by ,plato to be g5]at$4 ,s f>1 !re=e1 z x is suppos$ to be g5]at$1 x w be incorruptible ?r\gh ! w ( ,god2 b s f> z x is unbegott51 x w be incorruptible f its own nature4 ,& ?is ,plato knew4 ,= ev]y?+ else t is unbegott51 is incorruptible40 ,,footnotes3 #ca ,timu1 9 ! ,dialogue :i* be>s 8 "n1 is repres5t$ by ,plato z say+ ?is2 =1 speak+ ( ! _w1 he says 1 x 0 g5]at$4 #cb ,see my ,translation ( ! ,comm5t>ies ( ,proclus on ! ,timu1 vol4 i4 f p4 #bcg to p4 #bea4 ,& also ! ,comm5t>y ( ! same incomp>able man on ! words ( ,plato1 9 ! same ,dialogue1 8,b we say t :atev] is g5]at$1 is necess>ily g5]at$ by a c]ta9 cause40--,vol4 i4 ( my ,translation1 p4 #bdi1 c4 #cc viz4 ,:e!r ! _w is unbegott51 or g5]at$4 #cd ,! s5t5ce 9 ! orig9al is3 1 4 ,b imm$iately aft] 1 x is obvi\sly necess>y to add 4 ,mahotius also1 :o publi%$ a ,lat9 translation ( ?is "w ( ,philoponus1 has1 8,mos e/ autem ,platoni1 doctr9 gratia1 qu ortu c>5t1 p]9de atque ea1 qu oriuntur1 explic>e40 ,,mundi ,,!ma1 ,,or ,,! ,,g5iture ,,( ,,! ,,_w4 ,,translat$ ,,f ,,! ,,?ird ,,book ,,( ,,! ,,ma!sis ,,( ,,julius ,,firmicus ,,mat]nus4 8,o ,lollianus1 ! glory & ornam5t ( our c\ntry1 x is requisite to "k1 9 ! fir/ place1 t ! ,god1 :o is ! fabricator ( man1 produc$ 8 =m1 8 condition1 & 8 :ole ess5ce1 9 ! image & similitude ( ! _w1 nature po9t+ out ! way#ce4 ,= he compos$ ! body ( man1 z well z ( ! _w1 f ! mixture ( ! f\r elem5ts1 viz4 ( fire1 wat]1 air1 & e>?1 9 ord] t ! conjunction ( all ^!1 :5 !y 7 m+l$ 9 due proportion1 might adorn an animal 9 ! =m ( a div9e imitation4 ,& ?us ! ,demiurgus exhibit$ man by ! artifice ( a div9e fabrication1 9 su* a way1 t 9 a small body he might be/[ ! p[] & ess5ce ( all ! elem5ts1 nature1 = ?is purpose1 br++ !m toge!r2 & also1 s t f ! div9e _s1 :i* desc5d$ f a cele/ial intellect1 to ! support ( ! mortal body1 he might prep>e an abode = man1 :i*1 ?\gh fragile1 might be simil> to ! _w4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 ! five />s#cf1 & also ! sun & moon1 su/a9 man by a fi]y & et]nal agitation1 z if he 7 a m9or _w#cg2 s t ! animal :i* 0 made 9 imitation ( ! _w might be gov]n$ by an ess5ce simil>ly div9e4 ,h5ce ^? div9e m5 ,petosiris & ,necepsob1 :o des]ve all possible admiration1 & ^: wisdom approa*$ to ! v p5etralia ( ,deity1 sci5tifically deliv]$ to u ! g5iture ( ! _w1 t !y might demon/rate & %[ t man 0 fa%ion$ con=mably to ! nature & similitude ( ! _w1 & t he is "u ! dom9ion ( ! same pr9ciples by :i* ! _w itself is gov]n$ & conta9$1 & is p]5nially support$ by ! companions ( p]petuity#ch4 8,accord+ to sculapius1 !re=e1 & ,anubius#ci1 to :om especially ! div9ity ,m]cury committ$ ! secrets ( ! a/rological sci5ce1 ! g5iture ( ! _w is z foll[s3 ,!y con/itut$ ! ,sun 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,leo1 ! ,moon 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,canc]1 ,saturn 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,capricorn1 ,jupit] 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,sagitt>y1 ,m>s 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,scorpio1 ,v5us 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,libra1 ,m]cury 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,virgo1 & ! ,horoscope 9 ! #ae? "p ( ,canc]4 ,con=mably to ?is g5iture1 !re=e1 to ^! conditions ( ! />s1 & ! te/imonies :i* !y adduce 9 confirmation ( ?is g5iture1 !y are ( op9ion t ! de/9ies ( m51 also1 are dispos$ 9 accordance ) ! above arrangem5t1 z may be le>nt f t book ( sculapius :i* is call$ 1 7i4 e4 ,t5 ,?\s&1 or an innum]able multitude ( ,g5itures17 9 ord] t no?+ 9 ! sev]al g5itures ( m5 may be f\nd to be discordant ) ! above-m5tion$ g5iture ( ! _w4 8,we may see1 !re=e1 h[ f> or aft] :at mann] a /> accommodates ! te/imony ( its radiation to ! lum9>ies4 ,= ! lum9>ies are ! ,sun & ,moon4 ,b ,saturn fir/ conjo9s himself ) ! ,moon3 = he foll[s ! condition ( ! ,moon4 ,he does ?is1 h[ev]1 because1 be+ con/itut$ 9 a fem99e#dj sign1 he diametrically receives ! rays ( ! ,moon1 :i* is also con/itut$ 9 a fem99e sign4 ,b :5 ! same ,saturn1 9 t g5iture1 makes a transition to ! sign ,aqu>ius1 he aga9 conjo9s himself to ! ,sun by a simil> radiation1 & is aga9 dispos$ 9 ! same condition z t ( ! ,sun4 ,= be+ con/itut$ 9 a mascul9e sign1 he associates himself by an equal te/imony ( radiation1 s9ce he diametrically looks t[>ds ! ,sun1 ) a radiation simil> to t ) :i* he reg>ds ! ,moon4 ,aft] ?is mann] also ,jupit] is con/itut$ 9 ,sagitt>y1 & ?r\gh a trigon af=d+ a te/imony to ! ,sun1 fir/ conjo9s himself to 8 condition1 & on ?is acc\nt be+ con/itut$ 9 a mascul9e sign1 & associat+ ) ! ,sun1 :o is con/itut$ 9 a sign ( ! same k9d1 fir/ foll[s ! p[] ( x2 b :5 he has made a transition to ,pisces1 he aga9 conjo9s himself 9 a l condition to ! ,moon4 ,= he1 9 a simil> mann]1 be+ posit$ ?r\gh a trigon 9 a fem99e sign1 looks t[>ds ! ,moon1 :o is con/itut$ 9 a sign ( ! same k9d1 ) an equal radiation ( condition4 8,9 l mann] also ! planet ,m>s1 be+ con/itut$ 9 ,scorpio1 because he is 9 a fem99e sign1 ?r\gh a trigon1 af=ds a te/imony to ! ,moon2 b :5 he comes to ,aries1 he af=ds a te/imony to ! ,sun1 & mak+ a transition1 be+ plac$ 9 a mascul9e sign1 he conjo9s himself by a trigonic radiation ) ! ,sun4 ,?is mode1 h[ev]1 is *angeable2 = ,m>s be+ con/itut$ 9 ,libra1 :i* is a mascul9e sign1 yet he af=ds a te/imony to ! ,moon ?r\gh a squ>e aspect2 b :5 he has made a transition to ,taurus1 be+ con/itut$ 9 a fem99e sign1 & look+ t[>ds ! ,sun by a squ>e radiation1 he aga9 af=ds a te/imony to x4 ,^! div9e m51 h[ev]1 7 ( op9ion t ! planet ,m]cury is common 9 ! above-m5tion$ g5iture1 ?is /> af=d+ no te/imony ei!r to ! ,sun or ,moon by a squ>e1 or a trigon1 or a diamet]2 nor does x conjo9 itself by radiation ei!r ) ! ,sun or ,moon4 ,b if ,m]cury is a morn+ />1 he is delight$ by day ) ! ,sun1 b if an ev5+ />1 by night ) ! ,moon4 ,all t we h "h said1 ^! m5 7 ( op9ion ought to be obs]v$ 9 ! g5itures ( m5#da1 & ?\ght t !y c\ld n discov] ! de/9y ( man1 except ^? radiations 7 collect$ by a sagaci\s inve/igation4 ,le/1 h[ev]1 ! fabul\s device#db ( ^! m5 %\ld deceive y1 & le/ "s "o %\ld ?9k t ?is g5iture ( ! _w 0 contriv$ by ^! mo/ wise m51 )\t a cause1 x is requisite t we %\ld expla9 all ?+s p>ticul>ly1 9 ord] t ! great sagacity display$ 9 ?is device1 may1 by ! mo/ dilig5t expositions1 be intimat$ to all m54 8,! _w _h n a c]ta9 day ( its orig91 nor 0 !re any "t 9 :i* ! _w 0 =m$ by ! c\nsel ( a div9e intellect1 & provid5tial ,deity2 nor has ! eag] desire ( human fragility be5 able to ext5d itself s f> z to conceive or expla9 ! orig9 ( ! _w1 especially s9ce ! great] apocata/asis ( x1 :i* is effect$ by a conflagration or a deluge#dc1 consi/s ( #cjj1jjj ye>sc4 ,= ! mundane apocata/asis is accu/om$ to be accompli%$ by ^! two ev5ts2 s9ce a deluge foll[s a conflagration1 because sub/ances :i* are burnt c no o!rwise be r5ovat$ & re/or$ to _! pri/9e appe>ance & =m1 ?an by ! admixtions & ! concrete du/ ( ! a%es1 :i* are a collection ( g5]ative se$s becom+ prolific4 ,div9e m51 !re=e1 foll[+ ! example ( ma!maticians 9 ! g5itures ( m51 h prud5tly devis$ ?is1 z if x 7 ! g5iture ( ! _w4 ,h5ce ,i deem x exp$i5t to expla9 ! contrivance ( t div9e composition1 9 ord] t ! admirable reason ( ! conjectural s*eme may be unfold$ accord+ to ! rules ( art4 8,^! div9e m51 !re=e1 wi%$ s to con/itute ! ,moon 9 ! g5iture ( ! _w1 t x might conjo9 itself ) ,saturn1 & might deliv] ! dom9ion ( p]iodical revolutions4 ,nor 0 ?is improp]ly devis$4 ,= because ! fir/ orig9 ( ! _wd i4 e4 ! beg9n+ ( ! fir/ mundane p]iod 0 uncultivat$ & rude1 & savage ?r\gh ru/ic association1 & also because b>b>\s m51 hav+ ent]$ on ! fir/ ve/iges ( light1 & :i* 7 unkn[n to !m1 7 de/itute ( reason1 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ ab&on$ humanity#dd1 ^! div9e m5 7 ( op9ion1 t ?is ru/ic & b>b>\s "t 0 ,saturnian1 t1 9 imitation ( ?is />1 ! beg9n+ ( life might be *>act]iz$ by b>b>ic & inhuman f]ocity4 ,aft] ,saturn1 ,jupit] receiv$ p]iodical p[]4 ,= to ?is planet ! ,moon 0 conjo9$ 9 ! second place1 9 ord] t pri/9e & squalid ru/icity be+ des]t$1 & ! f]ocity ( rude association be+ laid aside1 human life might be cultivat$ ?r\gh ! purification ( ! mann]s4 ,9 ! ?ird place1 ! ,moon conjo9+ h]self ) ,m>s1 deliv]$ to him ! p[] ( p]iodical revolution2 s t mortality hav+ ent]$ into ! "r pa? ( life1 & inhumanity be+ subdu$ by a c]ta9 mod]ation1 all ! ornam5ts ( arts & fabrications might orig9ate f ?is conjunction4 ,aft] ,m>s1 ,v5us receiv$ pr$om9at+ p[]1 9 ord] t1 human discipl9es gradually increas+1 prud5ce & wisdom might adorn mank9d4 ,h5ce !y 7 ( op9ion t ?is "t1 9 :i* ! mann]s ( m5 7 cultivat$ by le>n+1 & naturally =m$ to rectitude by ! sev]al discipl9es1 0 "u ! dom9ion ( ,v5us2 s t be+ protect$ by ! maje/y ( ?is joyful & salut>y div9ity1 !y might gov]n _! errone\s actions by ! rul+ p[] ( ,provid5ce4 ,b ^! div9e m5 conceiv$ ! la/ p]iod to be "u ! dom9ion ( ,m]cury1 to :om ! ,moon 9 ! la/ place conjo9s h]self4 ,:at c be f\nd m subtle ?an ?is arrangem5t8 ,= mank9d be+ purifi$ f rude & savage pursuits1 arts also hav+ be5 inv5t$1 & discipl9es dispos$ 9 an ord]ly mann]1 ! human race %>p5$ its inv5tive p[]4 ,& because ! noble g5ius 9 man c\ld n pres]ve uni=mly "o c\rse ( life1 ! improbity ( evil increas$ f v>i\s in/itutes1 & confus$ mann]s & ! crimes ( a life ( wick$ness prevail$3 h5ce ! human race 9 ?is p]iod bo? inv5t$ & deliv]$ to o!rs m enorm\s ma*9ations4 ,on ?is acc\nt ^! wise m5 ?\ght t ?is la/ p]iod %\ld be assign$ to ,m]curye1 s t1 9 imitation ( t />1 ! human race might give bir? to inv5tions replete ) evil#de4 8,t no?+1 h[ev]1 may be omitt$ by u requisite to ! elucidation ( ?is subject1 all ?+s are to be expla9$1 :i* prove t man 0 =m$ 9 ! imitation & similitude ( ! _w#df4 ,& t ! mundane apocata/asis is effect$ ?r\gh a conflagration & a deluge1 we also h ass]t$1 & is confirm$ by all m54 ,! sub/ance likewise ( ! human body1 ! c\rse ( life hav+ receiv$ its completion1 is1 aft] a simil> mann]1 dissolv$4 ,= z (t5 z1 ?r\gh ! natural ard\r ( heat1 ! human body is too mu* relax$1 x evaporates 9 consequ5ce ( ! inundations ( hum\rs2 & ?us x always suff]s a decoction f a fi]y ard\r1 or is dissolv$ by excessive desudation4 ,nor d ! wise/ int]pret]s ( ! m$ical art ass]t1 t ! sub/ance ( ! human race is dissolv$ by a natural t]m9ation 9 any o!r way1 ?an by ei!r moi/ure dissolv+ fire1 or aga9 heat pr$om9at+1 fire be+ inw>dly & deeply ext+ui%$1 is left )\t moi/ure4 ,?us ! artific]1 ,nature1 con/itut$ man 9 an all-v>i\s imitation ( ! _w1 s t :atev] dissolves1 or =ms ! ess5ce ( ! _w1 ?is also %\ld be ! cause ( ! =mation & dissolution ( man40 ,,footnotes3 #ce ,nature may be said to po9t out ! way1 because its =]unn+ en]gy is employ$ by ,div9ity 9 ! =mation ( bodies4 ,by ! fabricator1 9 ! above s5t5ce1 ,firmicus means ,jupit]1 :o is call$ ! ,demiurgus by ,plato1 9 ! ,timu4 #cf i4 e4 ,saturn1 ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ,v5us1 ,m]cury4 #cg ---- ,quid mirum nosc]e mundum ,si poss5t hom9es1 quibus e/ et mundus 9 ipsis2 ,exemplumque ,dei quisque e/ 9 imag9e p>va8 ,,manilius4 #ch ,by ! companions ( p]petuity1 ,firmicus means ! />s1 ^: nature1 & motions1 & influ5ces are p]petual4 ,h5ce1 9 ! ,orphic ,hymn to ! ,/>s1 !y are invok$ z ---- 1 8,?' et]nal fa!rs ( :ate'er exi/s40 #ci ,( ! a/rological sculapius1 ,i h n be5 able to obta9 any in=mation2 & ( ,anubius no?+ m is to be le>nt ?an t he 0 a mo/ anci5t poet1 & wrote an elegy de ,horoscopo4 ,vid4 ,salmas4 de ,annis ,climact]icis1 pp4 #hg1 #fjb1 c4 #dj ,! fem99e signs are1 ,taurus1 ,canc]1 ,virgo1 ,scorpio1 ,capricornus1 & ,pisces2 b ! mascul9e signs are1 ,aries1 ,gem9i1 ,leo1 ,libra1 ,sagitt>ius1 & ,aqu>ius4 #da ,x may n be altoge!r =eign to ! purpose to adduce 9 ?is place1 :at is said by ,h]mes 9 8 ,treatise de ,revolut4 ,nativit4 lib4 i4 p4 #bae4 ,a ,lat9 translation only is extant ( ?is "w1 & x is unc]ta9 :e!r ! au?or ( x 0 ! celebrat$ ,h]mes ,trismegi/us1 or a ,h]mes ( m mod]n times4 ,?is au?or says1 t 8! dom9ion ( ! planets ov] ! ages ( man is z foll[s3 ,! ,moon gov]ns ! fir/ age1 :i* consi/s ( f\r ye>s4 ,m]cury gov]ns ! second1 :i* consi/s ( t5 ye>s4 ,v5us ! ?ird1 & ?is ext5ds to eight ye>s4 ,! ,sun ! f\r?1 & ?is age consi/s ( n9ete5 ye>s4 ,m>s ! fif?1 & ?is consi/s ( fifte5 ye>s4 ,jupit]1 ! six?1 consi/s ( twelve ye>s3 & ,saturn gov]ns ! sev5? age1 & ?is ext5ds to ! rema9+ ye>s ( human life40 ,proclus1 also1 9 8 admirable ,comm5t>y on ! ,fir/ ,alcibiades ( ,plato1 obs]ves1 t ! diff]5t ages ( our life on ! e>?1 correspond to ! ord] ( ! univ]se4 8,= our fir/ age 7says he7 p>takes 9 an em95t degree ( ! ,lun> en]gies1 z we !n live accord+ to a nutritive & physical p[]4 ,b our second age p>ticipates ( ,m]curial pr]ogatives1 because we !n apply ourselves to lett]s1 music1 & wre/l+4 ,! ?ird age is gov]n$ by ,v5us1 because !n we beg9 to produce se$1 & ! g5]ative p[]s ( nature are put 9 motion4 ,! f\r? age is ,sol>1 = !n our y\? is 9 its vig\r & full p]fection1 subsi/+ z a m$ium betwe5 g5]ation & decay2 = su* is ! ord] :i* vig\r is allott$4 ,b ! fif? age is gov]n$ by ,m>s1 9 :i* we pr9cipally aspire aft] p[] & sup]iority ov] o!rs4 ,! six? age is gov]n$ by ,jupit]1 = 9 ?is we give ourselves up to prud5ce1 & pursue an active & political life4 ,& ! sev5? age is ,saturnian1 9 :i* x is natural to sep>ate ourselves f g5]ation1 & transf] ourselves to an incorporeal life4 ,& ?us mu* we h discuss$1 9 ord] to procure belief t lett]s1 & ! :ole education ( y\?1 are susp5d$ f ! ,m]curial s]ies40 #db ,firmicus calls ! g5iture ( ! _w a fabul\s device1 because x supposes ! mundane p]iods to h _h a temporal beg9n+1 ?\gh !y are 9 reality et]nal4 ,= 9 a fable1 ! inw>d is diff]5t f ! outw>d mean+4 #dc ,9 ! great] apocata/asis ( ! _w1 :i* is effect$ by a deluge or a conflagration1 ! cont95t becomes sea1 & ! sea cont95t3 8,?is1 h[ev]10 says ,olympiodorus1 79 8 ,s*olia on ! fir/ book ( ,ari/otle's ,treatise on ,meteors17 8happ5s 9 consequ5ce ( :at is call$ ! great w9t]1 & ! great summ]4 ,b ! great w9t] is :5 all ! planets become situat$ 9 a w9try sign1 viz4 ei!r 9 ,aqu>ius or 9 ,pisces4 ,& ! great summ] is :5 all ( !m are situat$ 9 a summ] sign1 viz4 ei!r 9 ,leo or 9 ,canc]4 ,= z ! ,sun alone1 :5 he is 9 ,leo1 causes summ]1 b :5 he is 9 ,capricorn w9t]1 & ?us ! ye> is =m$1 :i* is s d5om9at$1 because ! ,sun t5ds to "o & ! same po9t 771 = 8 re/itution is f ! same to ! same1--9 l mann] !re is an arrangem5t ( all ! planets effect$ 9 long p]iods ( "t1 :i* produces ! great ye>4 ,= if all ! planets becom+ v]tical1 heat 9 ! same mann] z ! sun1 b dep>t+ f ?is v]tical position refrig]ate1 x is n unreasonable to suppose1 t :5 !y become v]tical1 !y produce a great summ]1 b :5 !y h dep>t$ f ?is position1 a great w9t]4 ,9 ! great w9t]1 !re=e1 ! cont95t becomes sea1 b 9 ! great summ] ! contr>y happ5s1 9 consequ5ce ( ! burn+ heat1 & !re be+ great dryness :]e !re 0 moi/ure40 ,at ! end too ( ?is fir/ book ( ,ari/otle on ,meteors1 ,olympiodorus obs]ves1 8t :5 ! great w9t] happ5s1 a "p ( ! e>? be+ delug$1 a *ange !n takes place to a m dry condition1 till ! great summ] succe$s1 :i* h[ev] does n cause ! corruption ( all ! e>?4 ,= nei!r 0 ! deluge ( ,deucalion mundane1 s9ce ?is happ5$ pr9cipally 9 ,greece40 ,see ! volume ( my ,ari/otle conta9+ ?is ,treatise on ,meteors1 p4 #dgh1 c4 ,firmicus1 !re=e1 is mi/ak5 9 ass]t+ t a deluge foll[s a conflagration2 s9ce ! contr>y is true4 ,= x is obvi\sly necess>y t places :i* h be5 inundat$ %\ld aft]w>ds become dry1 or !y w\ld no long] be habitable4 #dd ,9 ! orig9al1 8posit humanitatis ratio des]ebat20 b = posit humanitatis1 x appe>s to me to be requisite to read1 con=mably to ! above translation1 posit humanitate4 #de ,is n :at is "h said ab\t ! la/ p]iod v]ifi$ 9 ! pres5t age8 #df ,man1 says ,proclus1 is a microcosm1 & all su* ?+s subsi/ 9 him p>tially1 z ! _w conta9s div9ely & totally4 ,= !re is an intellect 9 u :i* is 9 en]gy1 & a rational s\l proce$+ f ! same fa!r1 & ! same vivific goddess1 z ! s\l ( ! univ]se2 also an e!real vehicle analog\s to ! heav5s1 & a t]re/rial body d]iv$ f ! f\r elem5ts1 & ) :i* likewise x is co-ord9ate4 ,see my ,translation ( ,proclus on ! ,timu1 vol4 i1 p4 #d4 ,,additional ,,notes4 b ,page #ej4--,petosiris & ,necepso 7 two ( ! mo/ anci5t writ]s ( ,egyptian a/rology1 :i*1 9 _m respects1 diff]s f t ( ! ,*aldeans4 ,! =m] ( ^! celebrat$ m5 is greatly applaud$ by ,mane?o1 :o1 9 8 ,apotelesmatica1 pr(esses to be 8 foll[]1 & calls him 4 ,petosiris1 h[ev]1 0 mu* prior to ,mane?o1 z is evid5t f ,a!nu1 iii4 p4 #aad1 :o says he is m5tion$ by ,ari/ophanes4 ,he is also notic$ by ,ptolemy 79 ,tetrabiblo7 "u ! appellation #8( an anci5t writ]' 7 or 74 ,accord+ to ,suidas1 he wrote1 among o!r ?+s :i* are un=tunately lo/1 ' 1 ,conc]n+ ! ,my/]ies ( ! ,egyptians1 ! loss ( :i* "w mu/ be deeply regrett$ by e lov] ( anci5t lore4 ,he is also m5tion$ by ,juv5al1 vi4 #ehj4 8,aptior hora cibo nisi quam d$]it ,petosiris40 ,& 9 a ,greek epigram 79 ,an?ol4 lib4 ii4 cap4 #f47 on a c]ta9 p]son :o _h pr$ict$ 8 dea? f ! />s1 &1 9 ord] t ! pr$iction might n be falsifi$1 hung himself1 x is said3 1 c4 i4 e4 8,le/ ,petosiris %\ld incur disgrace1 ,himself he /rangl$ f a l(ty place40 ,?us1 too1 x is relat$ ( ,c>dan1 ! celebrat$ physician & a/rolog]1 t hav+ pr$ict$ ! ye> & day ( 8 dea?1 :5 ! "t drew ne>1 he suff]$ himself to p]i% ?r\gh hung]1 to pres]ve 8 reputation4 ,my wor?y & mo/ intellig5t fri5d ,mr4 ,j4 ,j4 ,wel% has furni%$ me ) ! foll[+ additional in=mation conc]n+ ! dea? ( ,c>dan1 & o!r a/rolog]s3 8,respect+ ,c>dan's ab/a9+ f food1 9 ord] to v]ify 8 pr$iction1 ,?uanus says3 #8,cum tribus diebus m9us septuagesimum qu9tum annum implevisset1 eodem quo prdix]at anno et die1 videlicet ,,xi4 ,kal5d4 ,octobris defecit1 ob id1 ne fall]et1 mortem su in$i accel]asse cr$itus4' lib4 lxii4 p4 #aee4 ,! same hi/orian also relates1 t ,c>dan br\ght a/rology into repute by ! success he _h 9 calculat+ nativities4 #8,judici>ia quam vocant fidem apud multos ad/ruxit1 dum c]tiora p] eam quam ex arte poss9t pl]umque prom]e4' ,id4 ib4 ,c>dan 0 n ! only a/rolog] :o =etold ! "t ( 8 own dea?2 = ,m>t9 ,hort5sius1 ,pr(essor ( ,ma!matics 9 ,am/]dam1 n only pr$ict$ ! "t ( 8 own dea?1 b t ( two "y m5 :o 7 ) him1 & ! result prov$ ! tru? ( 8 prophecy4 ,! fact is admitt$ by ,desc>tes1 :ile he ridicules ! sci5ce & und]rates ! abilities ( ,hort5sius4 ,see ! #ce? ( 8 ,lett]s to ,fa!r ,m]s5ne1 9 ! second volume ( t collection4 8,:5 ,ann ( ,au/ria1 ! wife ( ,l\is ,,xiii41 0 deliv]$ ( ! ,dauph91 aft]w>ds ,l\is ,,xiv41 a fam\s ,g]man a/rolog] 0 9 att5dance to draw 8 nativity1 b refus$ to say m ?an ^! ?ree words1 :i* give a true "* ( ,l\is ! ,f\rte5?'s reign2 ,diu1 dur1 felicit]4 ,see ,limi]'s ,hi/4 du ,rgne de ,l\is ,,xiv4 8,i omitt$ to m5tion above1 a curi\s circum/ance relat$ ( ,c>dan 9 ,lavrey's ,hi/4 ( ,engl&1 vol4 i4 p4 #gaa1 viz4 t hav+ cur$ ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,/4 ,&rew's ( a disord] :i* _h baffl$ ! mo/ skilful physicians1 he took 8 leave ( ! ,primate 9 ^! words3 #8,i h be5 able to cure y ( y\r sickness1 b _c *ange y\r de/9y1 nor prev5t y f be+ hang$4' ,eighte5 ye>s aft]1 ?is ,prelate 0 hung by ord] ( ! ,commission]s appo9t$ by ,m>y ,que5 ,reg5t ( ,scotl&4 8,by ! way1 ,i am mu* surpris$ t ,c>dan's autobiography has nev] be5 translat$2 = x is1 )\t a s+le exception1 ! mo/ extraord9>y book ( ! k9d ev] publi%$40 ,we are in=m$ by ,fabricius1 t ,m>%am1 9 ,canone ,*ron4 p4 #dgg1 has eruditely collect$ _m ?+s p]ta9+ to ,petosiris1 & ,necepso k+ ( ,egypt1 f ! mo/ anci5t writ]s on judicial a/rology4 ,we likewise le>n f ,fabricius1 t ,necepso1 to :om ,petosiris wrote1 z be+ coeval ) him1 is believ$ to h fl\ri%$ ab\t ! ye> #hjj ( ! ,attic ra1 i4 e4 ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ! ,olympiads4 ,he is prais$ by ,pl9y1 by ,gal51 ix4 p4 #b4 ,de ,facultat4 ,simplicium ,m$icam5t41 & f him by ,aetius4 c ,page #ef4--,proclus 9 ,tim4 lib4 iv4 p4 #bgg1 in=ms u1 t ! ,*aldeans _h obs]vations ( ! />s1 :i* embrac$ :ole mundane p]iods4 ,:at ,proclus likewise ass]ts ( ! ,*aldeans is confirm$ by ,cic]o 9 8 fir/ book on ,div9ation1 :o says t !y _h records ( ! />s = ! space ( #cgj1jjj ye>s2 & by ,diodorus ,siculus1 ,bibl4 lib4 xi4 p4 #aac1 :o says1 t _! obs]vations compreh5d$ ! space ( #dgc1jjj ye>s4 ,plato1 9 ! ,timu1 speak+ ( ?is great] apocata/asis1 says3 8,at ! same "t1 h[ev]1 x is no less possible to conceive1 t ! p]fect numb] ( "t w !n accompli% a p]fect ye>1 :5 ! cel]ities ( all ! eight p]iods be+ t]m9at$ ) ref]5ce to ea* o!r1 %all h a summit1 z !y are measur$ by ! circle1 ( t :i* subsi/s accord+ to ! same & ! simil> i4 e4 accord+ to ! sph]e ( ! fix$ />s40 ,on ?is passage1 ,proclus1 9 8 ,comm5t>y1 obs]ves z foll[s3 8,! :ole mundane "t measures ! "o life ( ! univ]se1 accord+ to :i* all ! cel]ities are t]m9at$ ( ! cele/ial & sublun>y circles4 ,= 9 ^! also !re are p]iods1 :i* h = ! summit ( _! apocata/asis ! lation ( ! circle ( ! same i4 e4 ( ! sph]e ( ! fix$ />s4 ,= !y are ref]r$ to ?is z to _! pr9ciple1 because x is ! mo/ simple ( all1 s9ce ! apocata/ases are survey$ ) ref]5ce to ! po9ts ( x4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 all ( !m make _! apocata/asis ab\t ! equ9octial po9t#dg1 or ab\t ! summ] tropic2 or ?\gh ! jo9t apocata/asis %\ld n be consid]$ to be accord+ to ! same po9t1 b ) ref]5ce to ! same1 :51 = in/ance1 ris+ or culm9at+1 yet all ( !m w h ) ref]5ce to x a figure ( su* a k9d4 ,= n[ ! pres5t ord] is entirely a c]ta9 apocata/asis ( all ! heav5ly bodies1 yet ! configuration is n se5 ab\t ! same1 b ) ref]5ce to ! same po9t4 ,once1 h[ev]1 x 0 ab\t ! same1 & accord+ to "o c]ta9 po9t1 at :i* if x %\ld aga9 take place1 ! :ole ( "t w h an end4 ,"o c]ta9 apocata/asis likewise seems to h be5 m5tion$2 h5ce x is said t ,canc] is ! horoscope ( ! _w1 & ?is ye> is call$ ,cynic1 or p]ta9+ to ! ,dog1 because1 among ! con/ellations1 ! spl5did /> ( ! ,dog rises toge!r ) ,canc]4 ,if !re=e ! planets %\ld aga9 meet 9 ! same po9t ( ,canc]1 ?is concurr5ce w be "o p]iod ( ! univ]se4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! apocata/asis takes places 9 ,canc] ab\t ! equ9octial po9t1 t also :i* is f ! summ] tropic w be direct$ t[>ds ! summ] tropic1 & ! numb] ( ! "o w be equal to ! numb] ( ! o!r1 & ! "t ( ! "o to ! "t ( ! o!r4 ,= ea* ( !m is "o p]iod1 & is def9$ by quantity1 on acc\nt ( ! ord] ( ! bodies t are mov$4 ,9 addition1 h[ev]1 to :at has be5 said1 x mu/ be obs]v$1 t ?is p]fect numb] diff]s f t m5tion$ 9 ! ,republic1 :i* compreh5ds ! p]iod ( e div9ely g5]at$ nature#dh1 s9ce x is m p>tial1 & is apocata/atic ( ! eight p]iods alone4 ,= ! o!r p]fect numb] compreh5ds ! peculi> motions ( ! fix$ />s1 &1 9 %ort1 ( all ! div9e g5]a t are mov$ 9 ! heav5s1 :e!r visibly or invisibly1 & also ( ! cele/ial g5]a po/]ior to ! ,gods1 & ( ! long] or %ort] p]iods ( sublun>y natures1 toge!r ) ! p]iods ( f]tility & /]ility4 ,h5ce1 likewise1 x is ! "l ( ! p]iod ( ! human race40 8,! ye> 7says ,macrobius7 :i* is call$ mundane1 is truly revolv+1 because x is effect$ by a full convolution ( ! univ]se1 & is evolv$ 9 ! mo/ ext5d$ p]iods ( "t1 ! reason ( :i* is z foll[s3 ,all ! planets & ! />s :i* are se5 fix$ 9 ! heav5s1 ! peculi> motion ( ! latt] ( :i* ?\gh ! human sight has nev] be5 able to p]ceive or appreh5d1 are yet mov$1 &1 besides ! revolution ( ! heav5s by :i* !y are always drawn along1 h an advanc+ motion ( _! own4 ,?is motion1 h[ev]1 is complet$ 9 su* a l5g? ( "t1 t ! life ( man is n suffici5tly ext5d$ to discov]1 by cont9ual obs]vation1 _! mutation to ! place 9 :i* !y 7 fir/ se54 ,! end1 !re=e1 ( ! mundane ye> is1 :5 all ! planets & all ! fix$ />s h return$ f a c]ta9 place to ! same place1 s t no /> 9 ! heav5s may be situat$ 9 a place diff]5t f t 9 :i* x 0 be=e1 s9ce all ! o!r />s1 :5 mov$ f t place to :i* !y return1 give a t]m9ation to _! ye>2 s t ! lum9>ies i4 e4 ! sun & moon also1 toge!r ) ! five w&]+ />s1 may be 9 ! same places & p>ts 9 :i* !y 7 situat$ :5 ! mundane ye> began4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 accord+ to ! decision ( physiologi/s1 w take place at ! expiration ( #ae1jjj ye>s2 h5ce1 z ! lun> ye> is a mon?1 & ! sol> ye> consi/s ( twelve mon?s1 & ! ye>s ( ! o!r planets are ^? :i* we h be=e m5tion$1 s ! mundane ye> consi/s ( #ae1jjj ( su* ye>s z we n[ compute4 ,?is ye>1 !re=e1 is call$ ! truly revolv+ ye>1 :i* is n measur$ by ! retrogression ( ! sun1 i4 e4 ( "o planet1 b is t]m9at$ by ! return ( all ! planets to ! same place1 "u ! same description ( ! :ole heav5s2 f :5ce also x is call$ mundane1 because ! _w is prop]ly call$ heav54 ,h5ce1 z we n only d5om9ate ! progression ( ! sun f ! kal5ds ( ,janu>y to ! same kal5ds1 ! sol> ye>1 b also its progression f ! day aft] ! kal5ds to ! same day1 & its return f any day ( any mon? to ! same day1 a ye>2 ?us1 also1 ! beg9n+ ( ?is mundane ye> may be fix$ by any "o at any "t he pleases4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ,cic]o n[1 f an eclipse ( ! sun1 :i* happ5$ at ! "t ( ! dea? ( ,romulus1 supposes ! beg9n+ ( ! mundane ye> to comm5ce4 ,& ?\gh frequ5tly aft]w>ds an eclipse ( ! sun may h happ5$1 yet a repeat$ eclipse ( ?is lum9>y is n said to give completion to ! mundane ye>2 b !n ?is completion takes place :5 ! sun1 dur+ its eclipse1 w be 9 ! same places & p>ts1 & likewise all ! planets & fix$ />s1 9 :i* !y 7 at ! "t ( ! dea? ( ,romulus4 ,h5ce1 z physiologi/s ass]t1 #ae1jjj ye>s aft] ! dea? ( ,romulus ! sun w aga9 be s eclips$1 t x w be 9 ! same sign1 & 9 ! same "p ( ! heav5s1 z x 0 at t "t2 all ! />s likewise return+ to ! same place40--,macrob4 9 ,somn4 ,scip4 lib4 ii4 ,h5ce1 z ! great] mundane apocata/asis consi/s ( #cjj1jjj ye>s1 & #ae1jjj ye>s make a mundane ye>1 ! great] apocata/asis w consi/ ( #bj1jjj mundane ye>s4 ,?is great] apocata/asis is also allud$ to by ,synesius 9 8 treatise ,on ,provid5ce1 & likewise 9 ! ,asclepian ,dialogue ascrib$ to ,h]mes ,trismegi/us4 ,! extract f ,synesius1 :o in=ms u t 8 treatise is an ,egyptian n>ration relative to ,osiris & ,typhos1 is z foll[s3 8,"s "t aft] ?is1 ,typhos obta9$ ! k+dom by fraud & =ce1 & ,osiris 0 bani%$3 b dur+ ! evils aris+ f ! tyrannical gov]nm5t ( ,typhos1 "s ,god manife/ly appe>$ to a c]ta9 philosoph] :o 0 a /rang] 9 ,egypt1 & :o _h receiv$ great b5efits f ,osiris1 & ord]$ him to endure ! pres5t calamities1 because !y 7 mon?s only1 & n ye>s1 9 :i* ! ,fates _h de/9$ t ! ,egyptian sceptres %\ld raise ! nails ( ! wild bea/s#di1 & depress ! heads ( ! sacr$ birds#ej4 ,b ?is is an arcane symbol4 ,& ! philosophic /rang] above m5tion$ knew t a repres5tation ( ?is 0 engrav$ 9 obelisks & 9 ! sacr$ recesses ( ! temples4 ,! div9ity also unfold$ to him ! mean+ ( ! sacr$ sculpture1 & gave him a sign ( ! "t 9 :i* x w\ld be v]ifi$4 ,= :5 ^?1 said he1 :o are n[ 9 p[]1 %all endeav\r to make an innovation 9 our religion1 !n 9 a %ort "t aft] expect t ! ,,giants 7mean+ by ^!1 m5 ( ano!r nation7 %all be entirely expell$1 be+ agitat$ by _! own av5g+ furies4 ,if1 h[ev]1 "s rema9s ( ! s$ition %\ld /ill exi/1 & ! :ole %\ld n be at once ext+ui%$1 b ,typhos %\ld /ill rema9 9 ! seat ( gov]nm5t1 nev]!less d n despair ( ! ,gods4 ,! foll[+ also is ano!r symbol = y4 ,:5 we %all purify ! air :i* surr\nds ! e>?1 & :i* is defil$ ) ! brea? ( ! impi\s1 ) fire & wat]1 !n ! puni%m5t ( ! re/ w also foll[1 & !n imm$iately expect a bett] ord] ( ?+s1 ,typhos be+ remov$4 ,= we expel su*-l prodigies by ! deva/ation ( fire & ?und]4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 ! /rang] consid]$ t to be a felicit\s circum/ance1 :i* _h be=e appe>$ to him to be dreadful1 & no long] bore ) mole/ation a necess>y cont9uance 9 life1 ?r\gh :i* he w\ld be an eye-witness ( ! adv5t ( ! ,gods2 = x exce$$ ! p[] ( human sagacity to conjecture1 t s p[]ful a multitude z 7 !n collect$ toge!r 9 arms1 & :o ev5 9 "t ( peace 7 by law oblig$ to be arm$1 %\ld be vanqui%$ )\t any opposition4 ,he consid]$ ) himself1 !re=e1 h[ ^! ?+s c\ld be accompli%$1 = !y appe>$ to surpass ! p[] ( reason4 ,b aft] no great l5g? ( "t1 a c]ta9 deprav$ fragm5t ( religion1 & an adult]ation ( div9e wor%ip1 l t ( money1 z x 71 prevail$1 :i* ! anci5t law ext]m9at$ f cities1 %utt+ ! doors aga9/ impiety1 & expell+ x to a great di/ance f ! walls4 ,typhos1 h[ev]1 did n himself introduce ?is impiety1 = he fe>$ ! ,egyptian multitude1 b = ?is purpose call$ 9 ! assi/ance ( ! ,b>b>ians1 & erect$ a temple 9 ! city1 hav+ previ\sly subv]t$ ! laws ( 8 c\ntry4 ,:5 ^! ?+s1 !re=e1 came to pass1 ! /rang] began to ?9k t ?is 0 ! ev5t :i* div9ity _h pr$ict$4 #8,& p]haps1' said he1 #8,i %all be a spectator ( :at w foll[4' ,he likewise !n le>nt "s p>ticul>s ab\t ,osiris1 :i* w\ld %ortly happ51 & o!rs :i* w\ld take place at "s great] di/ance ( "t1 viz4 :5 ! boy ,horus w\ld *oose1 z 8 associate 9 battle1 a wolf in/ead ( a lion4 ,b :o ! wolf is1 is a sacr$ n>ration1 :i* x is n holy to divulge1 ev5 9 ! =m ( a fable40 ,typhos1 h[ev]1 ?r\gh 8 tyranny1 0 at l5g? de?ron$1 & ,osiris recall$ f exile2 & ,synesius1 t[>ds ! end ( ?is treatise1 obs]ves1 8t ! bless$ body :i* revolves 9 a circle is ! cause ( ! ev5ts 9 ! sublun>y _w4 ,= bo? are p>ts ( ! univ]se1 & !y h a c]ta9 relation to ea* o!r4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! cause ( g5]ation#ea 9 ! ?+s :i* surr\nd u orig9ates 9 ! natures :i* are above u1 x foll[s t ! se$s ( ?+s :i* happ5 "h desc5d f !nce4 ,& if "s "o %\ld add1 s9ce a/ronomy imp>ts cr$ibility to ?is1 t !re are apocata/atic#eb p]iods ( ! />s & sph]es1 "s ( :i* are simple1 b o!rs comp\nd$2 su* a "o w p>tly accord ) ! ,egyptians1 & p>tly ) ! ,grecians1 & w be p]fectly wise f bo?1 conjo9+ intellect to sci5ce4 ,a man ( ?is k9d !re=e w n d5y1 t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! same motions return+1 effects also w return1 toge!r ) _! causes2 & t lives on ! e>?1 g5]ations1 educations1 dispositions1 & =tunes1 w be ! same ) ^? t =m]ly exi/$4 ,we mu/ n wond]1 !re=e1 if we behold a v anci5t hi/ory v]ifi$ 9 life1 & %\ld see ?+s :i* fl\ri%$ be=e our times accord ) :at is unfold$ 9 ?is n>ration2 &1 besides ?is1 p]ceive t ! =ms :i* are ins]t$ 9 matt] are cons5tane\s to ! arcana ( a fable40 ,! foll[+ is ! extract f ! ,asclepian ,dialogue1 a ,lat9 translation only ( :i* is extant1 & is g5]ally believ$ by ! le>n$ to h be5 made by ,apuleius3-- 8,an ignoras1 ,o ,asclepi1 quod gyptus imago sit cli1 aut1 quod e/ v]ius1 translatio et desc5sio omnium qu gub]nantur atque ex]c5tur 9 clo8 ,et1 si dic5dum e/1 v]ius t]ra no/ra totius mundi e/ templum3 et tam5 quoniam prscire cuncta prud5tes decet1 i/ud vos ignor>e fas non e/1 futurum tempus e/1 quum app>eat gyptios incassum pia m5te div9itatem et s$ula religione s]vasse1 et omnis eorum sancta v5]atio 9 irritum casura fru/rabitur4 ,e t]ris enim ad clum e/ recursura div9itas4 ,l9quatur gyptus1 t]raque1 qu fuit div9itatis s$es1 religione viduata1 ,num9um prs5tia de/ituetur4 ,ali5ig5is enim regionem i/am t]ramque compl5tibus1 non solum neglectus religionum1 s$ 7quod e/ durius7 quasi de legibus1 a religione1 pietate1 cultuque div9o /atuetur prscripta pna1 prohibitio4 ,tunc t]ra i/a sanctissima1 s$es delubrorum et templorum1 sepul*rorum erit mortuorumque pl5issima4 ,o gypte1 gypte1 religionum sol sup]]unt fabul1 eque incr$ibiles po/]is suis2 solaque sup]]unt v]ba lapidibus incisa1 tua pia facta n>rantibus2 et inhabitabit gyptum ,scy?os aut ,indus aut aliquis talis4 ,div9itas enim repetet clum1 des]ti hom9es toti mori5tur1 atque ita gyptus ,deo et hom9e viduata des]etur4 ,te v] appello sanctissimum flum51 tibique futura prdico3 torr5ti sangu9e pl5us ad ripas usque erumpes1 undque div9 non solum pollu5tur sangu9e1 s$ tot rump5tur1 et vivis multo major erit num]us sepultorum2 sup]/es v] qui erit1 l+ua sola cognoscetur gyptius1 actibus v] videbitur ali5us4 ,quid fles1 ,o ,asclepi8 ,et 8 amplius1 multoque det]ius ipsa gyptus suadebitur1 imbueturque pejoribus malis1 qu sancta quondam et div9itatis amantissima deorum 9 t]ras religionis su m]ito1 sola s$uctio lege r$uctio sanctitatis et pietatis magi/ra1 erit maxim crudelitatis exemplum4 ,et tunc tdio hom9um non admir&us videbitur mundus1 neque ador&us4 ,hoc totum bonum1 quo melius nec e/1 nec fuit1 nec erit1 quod vid]i possit1 p]iclitabitur4 ,eritque grave hom9ibus1 ac p] hoc contemnetur1 nec diligetur totus hic mundus1 ,dei opus immutabile1 gloriosa con/ructio1 bonum multi=mi imag9um v>ietate compositum1 ma*9a voluntatis ,dei 9 suo op]e s9e invidia suffragantis omnium 9 unum1 qu v5]>i1 laud>i1 am>i d5ique vid5tibus possunt1 multi=mis adunata conge/io4 ,nam et t5ebr prpon5tur lum9i1 et mors vita utiloir judicabitur4 ,nemo suspiciet clum4 ,religiosus pro insano1 irreligiosus putabitur prud5s1 furiosus =tis1 pro bono habebitur pessimus4 ,anima enim et omnia circum eam quibus aut immortalis nata e/1 aut immortalitatem se consecuturam esse prsumit1 secundum quod vobis exposui1 non solum risus1 s$ etiam putabitur vanitas4 ,s$ mihi cr$ite etiam p]iculum capitate con/ituetur 9 eum1 qui se m5tis religioni d$]it4 ,nova con/itu5tur jura1 lex nova2 nihil sanctum1 nihil religiosum1 nec clo1 nec cle/ibus dignum audietur1 aut m5te cr$etur4 ,fiet ,deorum ab hom9ibus dol5da secessio2 soli noc5tes angeli remanebant1 qui humanitati commixti ad omnia audaci mala mis]os manu injecta compell5t 9 bella1 9 rap9as1 9 fraudes1 et 9 omnia qu sunt anim>um natur contr>ia4 ,tunc non t]ra con/abit1 nec navigabitur m>e1 nec clum a/rorum cursibus1 nec sid]um cursus con/abit 9 clo4 ,omnis vox div9a necess>ia taciturnitate mutescet1 fructus t]r corrump5tur1 nec fcunda erit tellus1 et ar ipse m/o torpore languescet4 ,hc et talis s5ectus v5iet mundi1 irreligio1 inord9atio1 irrationabilitas bonorum omnium4 ,cm hc cuncta contig]9t1 ,o ,asclepi1 tunc ille dom9us et pat]1 ,deus primipot5s1 et unus gub]nator mundi1 intu5s 9 mores factaque volunt>ia voluntate sua1 qu e/ ,dei b5ignitas1 vitiis resi/5s1 et corruptel omnium errorem revocans1 malignitatem omnem vel alluvione dilu5s1 vel igne consum5s1 vel morbis pe/il5tiisque p] div]sa loca disp]sis f9i5s1 ad antiquam faciem mundum revocabit1 ut et mundus ipse ador&us videatur et mir&us1 et tanti op]is effector et re/itutor ,deus ab omnibus qui tunc erunt frequ5tibus laudum prconiis b5$ictionibusque celebretur4 ,hc enim mundi g5itura cunct>um re=matio r]um bon>um1 et natur ipsius sanctissima et religiosissima re/itutio1 p]acto temporis cursu1 qu e/ et fuit s9e initio sempit]na4 ,voluntas enim ,dei c>et initio1 qu eadem e/1 et ubique e/ sempit]na40 i4 e4 8,are y ignorant1 ,o ,asclepius1 t ,egypt is ! image ( heav51 or1 :i* is m true1 a translation & desc5t ( ev]y?+ :i* is gov]n$ & ex]cis$ 9 heav58 ,&1 if x may be said1 our l& is truly ! temple ( ! :ole _w4 ,nev]!less1 because x becomes wise m5 to =ekn[ all ?+s1 x is n lawful t y %\ld be ignorant t ! "t w come :5 x may seem t ! ,egyptians h 9 va91 ) a pi\s m9d & s$ul\s religion1 paid att5tion to div9ity1 & all _! holy v5]ation %all become void & ( no effect4 ,= div9ity %all return back f e>? to heav54 ,egypt %all be =sak51 & ! l& :i* 0 ! seat ( div9ity %all be de/itute ( religion1 & depriv$ ( ! pres5ce ( ! ,gods4 ,= :5 /rang]s %all possess & fill ?is region & l&1 !re %all n only be a neglect ( religion1 b 7:i* is m mis]able7 !re %all be laws enact$ aga9/ religion1 piety1 & div9e wor%ip2 !y %all be prohibit$1 & puni%m5ts %all be inflict$ on _! vot>ies4 ,!n ?is mo/ holy l&1 ! seat ( places consecrat$ to div9ity1 & ( temples1 %all be full ( sepul*res & dead bodies4 ,o ,egypt1 ,egypt1 fables alone %all rema9 ( ?y religion1 & ^! su* z w be incr$ible to po/]ity2 & words alone %all be left engrav$ 9 /ones1 n>rat+ ?y pi\s de$s4 ,! ,scy?ian also1 or ,indian1 or "s o!r simil> nation1 %all inhabit ,egypt4 ,= div9ity %all return to heav51 all its inhabitants %all die1 & ?us ,egypt1 b]eft bo? ( ,god & man1 %all be des]t$4 ,i call on !e1 ,o mo/ holy riv]1 & pr$ict to !e future ev5ts4 ,?\ %alt bur/ =? ) a torr5t ( blood1 full ev5 to ?y banks1 & ?y div9e wat]s %all n only be pollut$ ) blood1 b ! l& %all be inundat$ ) x1 & ! numb] ( ! dead %all exce$ t ( ! liv+4 ,he1 likewise1 :o survives1 %all only1 by 8 language1 be kn[n to be an ,egyptian1 b by 8 de$s he w appe> to be a /rang]4 ,:y d y weep1 ,o ,asclepius8 ,egypt %all exp]i5ce m ample & mu* worse evils ?an ^!1 ?\gh %e 0 once holy1 & ! greate/ lov] ( ! ,gods on ! e>?1 by ! des]t ( h] religion4 ,& %e :o 0 alone ! r$uctor ( sanctity & ! mi/ress ( piety w be an example ( ! greate/ cruelty4 ,!n also1 ?r\gh ! we>9ess ( m51 ! _w w n appe> to be an admirable & adorable ?+4 ,?is :ole good1 a bett] ?an :i*1 z an object ( p]ception1 !re nei!r is1 nor 01 nor w be1 w be 9 dang]1 & w be griev\s to m54 ,h5ce ?is :ole _w w be despis$1 & w n be belov$1 ?\gh x is ! immutable "w ( ,god1 a glori\s fabric1 a good comp\nd$ ) a multi=m v>iety ( images1 a ma*9e ( ! w ( ,god1 :o1 9 8 "w1 gave 8 suffrage )\t envy1 t all ?+s %\ld be "o4 ,x is also a multi=m collect$ heap1 capable ( be+ v5]at$1 prais$ & lov$ by ^? t behold x4 ,= d>kness %all be pref]r$ to light1 & dea? %all be judg$ to be m useful ?an life4 ,no "o %all look up to heav54 ,! religi\s man %all be acc\nt$ insane1 ! irreligi\s %all be ?\ght wise1 ! furi\s brave1 & ! wor/ ( m5 %all be consid]$ a good man4 ,= ! s\l1 & all ?+s ab\t x1 by :i* x is ei!r naturally immortal1 or conceives t x %all atta9 to immortality1 con=mably to :at ,i h expla9$ to y1 %all n only be ! subject ( laught]1 b %all be consid]$ z vanity4 ,believe me1 likewise1 t a capital puni%m5t %all be appo9t$ = him :o applies himself to ! religion ( intellect4 ,new /atutes & new laws %all be e/abli%$1 & no?+ religi\s1 or :i* is wor?y ( heav5 or cele/ial conc]ns1 %all be he>d1 or believ$ by ! m9d4 ,!re w be a lam5table dep>ture ( ! ,gods f m5#ec2 noxi\s angels#ed w alone rema91 :o1 be+ m+l$ ) human nature1 w viol5tly impel ! mis]able m5 ( t "t to w>1 to rap9e1 to fraud1 & to e ?+ contr>y to ! nature ( ! s\l4 ,!n ! e>? %all be 9 a pret]natural /ate2 ! sea %all n be sail$ 91 nor %all ! heav5s accord ) ! c\rse ( ! />s1 nor ! c\rse ( ! />s cont9ue 9 ! heav5s4 ,e div9e voice %all be dumb by a necess>y sil5ce1 ! fruits ( ! e>? %all be corrupt$1 nor %all ! e>? be prolific1 & ! air itself %all langui% ) a sorr[ful torpor4 ,^! ev5ts & su* an old age ( ! _w z ?is %all take place1 su* irreligion1 inord9ation1 & unreasonabl5ess ( all good4 ,:5 all ^! ?+s %all happ51 ,o ,asclepius1 !n t "l & fa!r1 ! ,god :o is fir/ 9 p[]1 & ! "o gov]nor ( ! _w1 look+ into ! mann]s & volunt>y de$s ( m51 & by 8 w1 :i* is ! b5ignity ( ,god1 resi/+ vices1 & recall+ ! error aris+ f ! corruption ( all ?+s2 wa%+ away likewise all malignity by a deluge1 or consum+ x by fire1 or br++ x to an end by disease & pe/il5ce disp]s$ 9 diff]5t places1 w recall ! _w to its anci5t =m1 9 ord] t ! _w itself may appe> to be an adorable & admirable production1 & ,god1 ! fabricator & re/or] ( s great a "w1 may be celebrat$1 by all t %all !n exi/1 ) frequ5t solemn praises & b5$ictions4 ,= ?is g5iture#ee ( ! _w is ! re=mation ( all good ?+s1 & ! mo/ holy & religi\s re/itution ( ! nature ( x1 ! c\rse ( "t be+ accompli%$#ef2 s9ce "t is p]petual1 & always 0 )\t a beg9n+4 ,= ! w ( ,god is )\t beg9n+1 is always ! same1 & is ev]y:]e et]nal40 ,( ?is v rem>kable extract1 x is necess>y to obs]ve1 9 ! fir/ place1 t x 0 pr9cipally made by me f ! edition ( ! ,asclepian ,dialogue by ,fic9us1 z he appe>s to h _h a m correct manuscript 9 8 possession ?an any t h be5 consult$ by m mod]n editors4 ,( ?is ! le>n$ & at ! same "t philosophic read] w be imm$iately conv9c$1 by comp>+ ?is extract ) ! same "p ( t dialogue 9 ! mo/ mod]n editions ( x4 ,9 ! second place1 t ?is dialogue is ( g5u9e antiquity & no =g]y1 is1 ,i ?9k1 unque/ionably evid5t f nei!r ,lactantius nor ,augu/9 hav+ any d\bt ( its au!nticity1 ?\gh x 0 _! int]e/ to h prov$ x to be spuri\s if !y c\ld1 because x pr$icts1 7:i* is ! ?ird ?+ especially des]v+ ( rem>k17 t ! memorials ( ! m>tyrs %\ld succe$ 9 ! place ( ! temples ( ! ,gods4 ,h5ce ,augu/9 concludes ?is to be a prophecy or pr$iction made in/9ctu fallacis _ss1--by ! in/9ct or sugge/ion ( a deceitful _s4 ,b t ?is pr$iction 0 accompli%$1 is evid5t1 z ,dr4 ,cudwor? obs]ves 9 8 ,true ,intellectual ,sy/em ( ! ,univ]se1 p4 #cbi1 f ! foll[+ passages ( ,!odoret1 :i* ,i %all quote z translat$ by ! ,doctor4 8,n[ ! m>tyrs h utt]ly aboli%$ & blott$ out ( ! m9ds ( m5 ! memory ( ^? :o 7 =m]ly call$ ,gods40 ,& aga91 8,our ,"l ha? n[ br\ght 8 dead 7i4 e4 8 m>tyrs7 into ! room & place 7i4 e4 into ! temples7 ( ! ,gods2 :om he ha? s5t away empty1 & be/[$ _! hon\r ^u ^! 8 m>tyrs4 ,= n[1 in/ead ( ! fe/ivals ( ,jupit] & ,bac*us1 are celebrat$ ^? ( ,pet] & ,paul1 ,?omas & ,s]gius1 & o!r holy m>tyrs40 ,anton9us ! philosoph] also1 accord+ to ,eunapius1 pr$ict$ ! v same ?+1 viz4 t aft] 8 decease ! magnific5t temple ( ,s]apis 9 ,egypt1 toge!r ) ! re/1 %\ld be demoli%$1 & ! temples ( ! ,gods be turn$ into sepul*res1 4 ,& 9 ! f\r? & la/ place1 ! intellig5t read] :o comp>es ?is pr$iction ) :at is said ab\t ! philosophic /rang] by ,synesius1 9 ! =ego+ extract1 w imm$iately see t ! =m] wond]fully accords ) ! latt]4 d ,page #eg4--,?is fir/ p]iod ( ! _w1 :i* 0 uncultivat$ & rude1 &1 accord+ to ,firmicus1 0 "u ! dom9ion ( ,saturn1 is m5tion$ by ,plato at ! beg9n+ ( 8 ?ird book ,on ,laws4 ,= !re hav+ obs]v$ t "t is inf9ite1 he says1 8t myriads ^u myriads ( cities h exi/$ 9 ?is "t1 & t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! same temporal inf9ity1 z _m h be5 de/roy$40 ,he also says1 8t !y w ev]y:]e h be5 gov]n$ accord+ to e k9d ( polity2 & at "o "t pass f ! less to ! great]1 & at ano!r f ! great] to ! less1 & h become worse f ! bett]1 & bett] f ! worse40 ,he adds1 8t ! cause ( ?is mutation1 viz4 ! _m de/ructions ( ! human race1 is ?r\gh deluges1 diseases1 & num]\s o!r ?+s1 9 :i* a v small "p ( mank9d 0 left44440 ,aft] ?is he obs]ves1 8t ^? :o escap$ ! de/ruction :i* 0 caus$ by a deluge1 7 ne>ly m\nta9 %eph]ds1 a few dormant sp>ks ( ! human race1 pres]v$ on ! summits ( m\nta9s4 ,t su* z ^! mu/ necess>ily h be5 ignorant ( o!r arts1 & ( ^? artifices1 9 cities1 ( m5 t[>ds ea* o!r1 ) a view to pr]ogative & cont5tion1 & o!r base ends40 ,he also supposes 8t ! cities :i* 7 situat$ 9 pla9s1 & ^? bord]+ on ! sea1 entirely p]i%$ at t "t4 ,t h5ce1 all in/rum5ts 7 de/roy$1 toge!r ) e inv5tion p]ta9+ to art1 political discipl9e1 or any?+ else *>act]iz$ by wisdom40 ,he adds1 8,we mu/ !re=e ass]t1 t :5 t deva/ation by a deluge took place1 human affairs 7 9 a /ate ( inf9ite & dreadful solitude2 t a prodigi\s "p ( ! e>? 0 unprolific2 & o!r animals hav+ p]i%$1 "s h]ds ( ox51 & a few goats1 :i* 7 r>ely f\nd1 suppli$ ^? m5 ) food t escap$ ! deva/ation40 ,see :at ! div9e philosoph] fur!r obs]ves on ?is int]e/+ subject1 9 my ,translation ( ?is book ( 8 ,laws4 ,! read]1 h[ev]1 mu/ be c>eful n to conf\nd ?is ,saturnian p]iod ) ! gold5 age1 :i* also 0 "u ,saturn4 ,= ! latt]1 says ,damascius 7apud ,phot471 consi/$ ( a race ( m5 proximate to ! gods1 & is mo/ magnific5tly celebrat$ by poets :o 7 seat$ on ! tripos ( ! ,muse4 ,b by ! gold5 age1 z ,proclus on ,hesiod beautifully obs]ves1 8an intellectual life is impli$4 ,= su* a life is pure1 impassive1 & free f sorr[2 & ( ?is impassivity & purity gold is an image1 because x is nev] subject to ru/ or putrefaction4 ,su* a life1 too1 is v prop]ly said to be "u ,saturn1 because ,saturn is an intellectual god40--,see m conc]n+ ?is ,div9ity 9 ! ,additional ,notes at ! end ( ! #e? vol4 ( my ,plato1 p4 #fge1 c4 e ,page #ei4--,plato1 9 ! eigh? book ( 8 ,republic1 speak+ ( ! dissolution ( ! city :i* he has con/itut$1 obs]ves z foll[s3 8,n only ) respect to t]re/rial plants1 b likewise 9 t]re/rial animals1 a f]tility & /]ility ( s\l z well z ( body takes place1 :5 ! revolutions ( ! heav5ly bodies complete ! p]iph]y ( _! respective orbits2 :i* are %ort] to ! %ort] liv$1 & contr>ywise to su* z are ! contr>y40 ,! necessity = su* a mutation tak+ place is ?is 7z ,i h obs]v$ 9 ! ,introduction to my ,translation ( ,ari/otle's ,hi/ory ( ,animals71--t all ! p>ts ( ! univ]se are unable to p>ticipate ! provid5ce ( div9ity 9 a simil> mann]1 b "s ( its p>ts enjoy ?is p]petually1 & o!rs only = a "t2 "s 9 a prim>y1 & o!rs 9 a second>y degree4 ,= ! univ]se1 be+ a p]fect :ole1 mu/ h a fir/1 a middle1 & a la/ "p4 ,b its fir/ "p1 z hav+ ! mo/ excell5t subsi/5ce1 mu/ always exi/ accord+ to nature2 & its la/ "p mu/ sometimes subsi/ accord+ to1 & sometimes contr>y to1 nature4 ,h5ce ! cele/ial bodies1 :i* are ! fir/ p>ts ( ! univ]se1 p]petually subsi/ accord+ to nature1 bo? ! :ole sph]es & ! multitude co-ord9ate to ^! :oles#eg2 & ! only alt]ation :i* !y exp]i5ce is a mutation ( figure1 & v>iation ( light at diff]5t p]iods2 b 9 ! sublun>y region1 :ile ! sph]es ( ! elem5ts rema91 on acc\nt ( _! subsi/5ce z :oles1 always accord+ to nature1 ! p>ts ( ^! :oles h sometimes a natural1 & sometimes an unnatural subsi/5ce2 = ?us alone c ! circle ( g5]ation unfold all ! v>iety :i* x conta9s4 ,! diff]5t p]iods 9 :i* ^! mutations happ5 are call$ by ,plato1 ) great propriety1 p]iods ( f]tility & /]ility2 = 9 ^! p]iods a f]tility or /]ility ( m51 irrational animals1 & plants takes place2 s t 9 f]tile p]iods mank9d w be bo? m num]\s1 & ^u ! :ole sup]ior 9 m5tal & bodily end[m5ts1 to ! m5 ( a b>r5 p]iod4 ,& a simil> reason+ mu/ be ext5d$ to animals & plants4 ,! s mu* celebrat$ h]oic age 0 ! result ( "o ( ^! f]tile p]iods1 9 :i* m5 transc5d+ ! h]d ( mank9d bo? 9 practical & intellectual virtue ab\nd$ on ! e>?4 ,& a b>r5 p]iod may be consid]$ z hav+ comm5c$ some:at prior to ! ,augu/an age1 ! de/ruction ( all ! great anci5t cities1 ) all _! rites1 philosophy1 c4 be+ ! natural consequ5ce ( su* a p]iod4 ,x appe>s to me t ?is p]iod comm5c$ 9 ! "t ( ,sylla1 & ,i f\nd ?is op9ion on ! foll[+ passage 9 ,plut>*'s ,life ( t great comm&]3-- 1 1 1 1 4 1 4 ' 1 1 1 4 i4 e4 8,b ! greate/ ( all ! signs prior to ! civil w>s 0 ! foll[+3 ,on a cl\dless & cle> day1 ! s\nd ( a trumpet 0 he>d1 s acute & m\rnful z to a/oni% & t]rify by its l\dness all t he>d x4 ,! ,tuscan wise m5 & soo?say]s1 !re=e1 decl>$ t ?is prodigy signifi$ ! mutation into & comm5cem5t ( ano!r age4 ,= accord+ to !m !re are eight ages1 diff]+ f ea* o!r 9 lives & mann]s1 ea* ( :i* is limit$ by div9ity to a c]ta9 "t ( duration1 & ! numb] ( ye>s ( :i* ?is "t consi/s is b\nd$ by ! p]iod ( ! great ye>4 ,h5ce1 :5 "o age is f9i%$1 & ano!r is ab\t to comm5ce1 a c]ta9 wond]ful sign w pres5t itself1 ei!r f ! e>? or ! heav5s40 ,! m\rnfulness ( ?is s\nd ( ! trumpet 0 evid5tly an indication t a b>r5 p]iod 0 ab\t to comm5ce4--,= an acc\nt ( ! great ye>1 see ! note to page #dgh ( ! treatise on ,meteors4 ,! foll[+ extracts f a "w entitl$ 8,sket*es *iefly relat+ to ! ,hi/ory1 ,religion1 c4 ( ! ,h9doos1 conc]n+ ! ,mundane ,p]iods10 appe> to me to be highly int]e/+1 & to =m a mo/ important addition to :at has be5 be=e said ab\t ! revolutions :i* take place 9 ! univ]se4 8,!y reckon ! duration ( ! _w by f\r ,y\gs1 correspond+ 9 _! nature ) ! ,gold51 ,silv]1 ,braz51 & ,iron ages ( ! anci5ts4 ,ye>s4 ,! fir/1 or ! ,sutty ,y\g1 is said to h la/$ #c1bjj1jjj ,! ,tirtah ,y\g1 or second age #b1djj1jjj ,! ,dwapa> ,y\g1 or ?ird age #a1fjj1jjj ,& !y say ! ,kaly ,y\g1 or pres5t age1 w la/ #djj1jjj40 p4 #bbb4 8,! beg9n+ ( ! ,kaly ,y\g1 or pres5t age1 is reckon$ f #b h\rs1 #bg m9utes1 & #cj seconds ( ! morn+ ( ! #af? ( ,febru>y #cajb ye>s be=e ! ,*ri/ian era2 b ! "t = :i* _! a/ronomical tables are con/ruct$1 is #b days1 #c h\rs1 #cb m9utes1 & #cj seconds aft] t on ! #ah? ( ,febru>y1 ab\t six 9 ! morn+4 ,!y say !re 0 !n a conjunction ( ! planets1 & _! tables %[ t conjunction4 ,monsieur ,bailly obs]ves#eh1 t by calculation x appe>s1 t ,jupit] & ,m]cury 7 !n 9 ! same degree ( ! ecliptic2 t ,m>s 0 di/ant ab\t #h degrees1 & ,saturn #ag2 & x results f !nce1 t at ! "t ( ! date giv5 by ! ,brahmans to ! comm5cem5t ( ! ,kaly ,y\g1 !y saw ^? f\r planets successively dis5gage !mselves f ! rays ( ! sun2 fir/ ,saturn1 !n ,m>s1 !n ,jupit]1 & !n ,m]cury4 ,^! f\r planets1 !re=e1 %[$ !mselves 9 conjunction2 & ?\gh ,v5us c\ld n h appe>$1 yet1 z !y only speak 9 g5]al t]ms1 x 0 natural en\gh to say !re 0 !n a conjunction ( ! planets4 ,! acc\nt giv5 by ! ,brahmans is confirm$ by ! te/imony ( our ,european tables1 :i* prove x to be ! result ( a true obs]vation4 ,monsieur ,bailly is ( op9ion1 t _! a/ronomical "t is dat$ f an eclipse ( ! moon1 :i* appe>s !n to h happ5$1 & t ! conjunction ( ! planets is only m5tion$ by ! way40--pp4 #bbd1 #bbe4 ,! conjunction ( ! planets m5tion$ 9 ! above extract1 is admirably elucidat$ by ,olympiodorus 9 8 ,,ms4 ,s*olia on ! ,gorgias ( ,plato1 z foll[s3 8,!re are sev5 sph]es1 t ( ! moon1 t ( ! sun1 & ^? ( ! o!r planets2 b ! in]ratic is ! eigh? sph]e4 ,! lun> sph]e1 !re=e1 makes a complete revolution m swiftly1 = x is accompli%$ 9 ?irty days4 ,t ( ! sun is m sl[1 = x is accompli%$ 9 a ye>4 ,t ( ,jupit] is /ill sl[]1 = x is effect$ 9 twelve ye>s4 ,& mu* m t ( ,saturn1 = x is complet$ 9 ?irty ye>s4 ,! />s1 !re=e1 are n conjo9$ ) ea* o!r 9 _! revolutions1 except r>ely4 ,?us1 = in/ance1 ! sph]e ( ,saturn & ! sph]e ( ,jupit] are conjo9$ ) ea* o!r 9 _! revolutions 9 sixty ye>s4 ,= if ! sph]e ( ,jupit] comes f ! same to ! same 9 twelve ye>s1 b t ( ,saturn 9 ?irty ye>s1 x is evid5t t :5 ,jupit] has made five1 ,saturn w h made two revolutions2 = twice ?irty is sixty1 & s likewise is twelve times five2 s t _! revolutions w be conjo9$ 9 sixty ye>s4 ,s\ls1 !re=e1 are puni%$ = su*-l p]iods4 ,b ! sev5 planet>y sph]es conjo9 _! revolutions ) ! in]ratic sph]e1 ?r\gh _m myriads ( ye>s2 & ?is is ! p]iod :i* ,plato calls 1 = ev]40--,see ! ,introduction to ! volume ( my ,ari/otle1 :i* conta9s a translation ( ,ari/otle's treatise on ! ,s\l1 c4 c4 ,,footnotes3 #dg ,= "h1 x is obvi\sly necess>y to read 4 ,x mu/ also be obs]v$ t !re are two equ9octial po9ts or signs1 & ^! are ,aries & ,libra4 #dh ,see my explanation ( ?is p]fect1 :i* is also call$ ! geometric numb]1 9 p4 #aej ( my ,!oretic ,ari?metic4 #di i4 e4 mat]ial dmons1 or 1 ! wild bea/s ( ! e>?1 z !y are call$ 9 ! ,*aldean oracles4 #ej i4 e4 ! :ole *oir ( b5efic5t natures sup]ior to man4 ,b by ! depression ( ! heads ( ! sacr$ birds1 ! inaptitude ( p]sons & places to receive div9e influ5ce is d5ot$4 #ea ,in/ead ( 1 1 x is necess>y to read1 con=mably to ! above translation1 1 1 4 4 4 #eb i4 e4 re/itutions to a pri/9e =m or condition4 #ec ,proclus1 f9d+ t ?is 0 p>tially ! case 9 8 "t1 says prophetically1 9 ! ,introduction to 8 ,comm5t>y on ! ,p>m5ides ( ,plato1 ' 1 1 1 1 1 4 i4 e4 8,) respect to ?is =m ( philosophy viz4 ( ! philosophy ( ,plato1 ,i %\ld say t x came to m5 = ! b5efit ( t]re/rial s\ls2 t x might be in/ead ( /atues1 in/ead ( temples1 in/ead ( ! :ole ( sacr$ in/itutions1 & ! lead] ( salvation bo? to ! m5 t n[ are1 & to ^? t %all exi/ h]eaft]40 #ed i4 e4 evil dmons4 #ee ,by ! g5iture ( ! _w1 ! great] apocata/asis is signifi$1 z is evid5t f ! prec$+ extract f ,julius ,firmicus4 #ef i4 e4 a mundane p]iod be+ f9i%$4 #eg ,see ! ,introduction to my ,translation ( ! ,timu ( ,plato4 #eh ,trait de l',a/ronomie ,indi5ne et ,ori5tale1 p> ,monsieur ,bailly1 publi%$ 9 #aghg4 ,,select ,,!orems ,,9 ,,pro( ,,( ,,! ,,p]petuity ,,( ,,"t1 ,,& ,,( ,,t ,,:i* ,,is ,,naturally ,,mov$ ,,) ,a ,,circul> ,,motion4 ,,extract$ ,,f ,,! ,,second ,,book ,,( ,,proclus ,,on ,,motion4 ,,hypo!ses4 ,e natural body is moveable accord+ to place4 ,e local motion is ei!r 9 a circle1 or 9 a "r l9e1 or mix$ f ^!4 ,e natural body is mov$ accord+ to "o ( ^! motions4 ,e natural body is ei!r simple or comp\nd$4 ,e simple motion is ! motion ( a simple#ei body4 ,e simple body is mov$ ) "o motion accord+ to nature4 ,,def9itions4 ,t is heavy :i* is mov$ t[>ds ! middle4 ,t is light :i* is mov$ f ! middle4 ,t is said to be mov$ 9 a circle :i* is cont9ually borne f ! same to ! same4 ,contr>y motions are f contr>ies to contr>ies4 ,"o motion is contr>y to "o4 ,"t is ! numb] ( ! motion ( ! cele/ial bodies4 ,! motion is "o :i* is )\t diff]5ce accord+ to species1 & belongs to "o subject1 & is produc$ 9 a cont9u$ "t4 ,,!orem #a4 ,?+s :i* are naturally mov$ 9 a circle are simple4 ,demon/ration4--,let ,,ab be t :i* is naturally mov$ 9 a circle4 ,i say t ,,ab is simple3 =1 s9ce ! motion 9 a circle is a simple motion2 b e simple motion is ! motion ( a simple body2 h5ce ,,ab is a simple body4 ,?+s1 !re=e1 :i* are naturally mov$ 9 a circle are simple4 ,,!orem #b4 ,?+s naturally mov$ 9 a circle1 are nei!r ! same ) ^? mov$ 9 a "r l9e1 nor ) ^? :i* are compos$ f ?+s mov$ 9 a "r l9e4 ,demon/ration4--,let ,,ab be t :i* is naturally mov$ 9 a circle4 ,i say t x is n ! same ) ^? ?+s :i* are mov$ 9 a "r l9e4 ,=1 if x is ! same ) any "o ( ^!1 x mu/ ei!r be naturally mov$ upw>ds or d[nw>ds4 ,b e simple body is mov$ ) "o simple motion accord+ to nature4 ,h5ce1 t :i* is naturally mov$ 9 a circle1 is n ! same ) any?+ mov$ 9 a "r l9e4 ,b nei!r is x ! same ) any?+ comp\nd$4 ,= x has be5 %[n t ev]y?+ :i* naturally moves 9 a circle is simple2 b t :i* consi/s f ?+s mov$ 9 a "r l9e is a composite4 ,,ab !re=e1 :i* is naturally mov$ 9 a circle1 is nei!r ! same ) ?+s mov$ 9 a "r l9e1 nor ) ^? compos$ f ^!4 ,,!orem #c4 ,?+s :i* are naturally mov$ 9 a circle1 nei!r p>ticipate ( gravity nor levity4 ,demon/ration4--,= if ,,ab is ei!r heavy or light1 x is ei!r naturally mov$ to ! middle1 or f ! middle3 =1 f ! def9itions1 t is heavy :i* is mov$ to ! middle1 & t is light :i* is mov$ f ! middle4 ,b t :i* is mov$ ei!r f or to ! middle1 is ! same ) "s "o ( ! ?+s mov$ 9 a "r l9e4 ,,ab1 !re=e1 is ! same ) some?+ mov$ 9 a "r l9e1 ?\gh naturally mov$ 9 a circle1 :i* is impossible4 ,,!orem #d4 ,no?+ is contr>y to a circul> motion4 ,demon/ration4--,= if ?is be possible1 let ! motion f ,a to ,b be a circul> motion1 & let ! motion contr>y to ?is be ei!r "s "o ( ! motions 9 a "r l9e1 or "s "o ( ^? 9 a circle4 ,if1 !n1 ! motion upw>ds is contr>y to t 9 a circle1 ! motion d[nw>ds & t 9 a circle w be "o4 ,b if ! motion d[nw>ds is contr>y to t 9 a circle1 ! motion upw>ds & t 9 a circle w be ! same ) ea* o!r2 = "o motion is contr>y to "o into opposite places4 ,b if ! motion f ,a is contr>y to ! motion f ,b1 !re w be inf9ite spaces betwe5 two contr>ies2 = betwe5 ! po9ts ,a1 ,b inf9ite circumf]5ces may be describ$4 ,b let ,,ab be a semicircle1 & let ! motion f ,a to ,b be contr>y to ! motion f ,b to ,a4 ,if1 !re=e1 t :i* moves 9 ! semicircle f ,a to ,b /ops at ,b1 x is by no means a motion 9 a circle3 = a circul> motion is cont9ually f ! same to ! same po9t4 ,b1 if x does n /op at ,b1 b cont9ually moves 9 ! o!r semicircle1 ,a is n contr>y to ,b4 ,& if ?is be ! case1 nei!r is ! motion f ,a to ,b contr>y to ! motion f ,b to ,a3 = contr>y motions are f contr>ies to contr>ies4 ,b let ,,abcd be a circle1 & let ! motion f ,a to ,c be contr>y to ! motion f ,c to ,a4 ,if !re=e t :i* is mov$ f ,a passes ?r\gh all ! places simil>ly1 & !re is "o motion f ,a to ,d1 ,c is n contr>y to ,a4 ,b if ^! are n contr>y1 nei!r are ! motions f !m contr>y4 ,& 9 a simil> mann] ) respect to t :i* is mov$ f ,c1 if x is mov$ ) "o motion to ,b1 ,a is n contr>y to ,c1 s t nei!r w ! motions f ^! be contr>y4 ,,!orem #e4 ,?+s :i* are naturally mov$ 9 a circle1 nei!r receive g5]ation nor corruption4 ,demon/ration4--,= let ,,ab be t :i* is naturally mov$ 9 a circle1 ,i say t ,,ab is )\t g5]ation & corruption3 = if x is g5]able & corruptible1 x is g5]at$ f a contr>y1 & is corrupt$ into a contr>y4 ,b t :i* is mov$ 9 a circle has n any contr>y4 ,x is !re=e )\t g5]ation & corruption4 ,b t !re is no?+ contr>y to ?+s naturally mov+ 9 a circle1 is evid5t f :at has be5 previ\sly demon/rat$3 = ! motions ( ?+s contr>y accord+ to nature are contr>y4 ,b1 z we h demon/rat$1 !re is no?+ contr>y to ! motion 9 a circle4 ,nei!r1 !re=e1 has t :i* is mov$ 9 a circle any contr>y4 ,,!orem #f4 ,! p[]s ( bodies t]m9at$ accord+ to magnitude are n inf9ite4 ,demon/ration4--,=1 if possible1 let ,b be ! inf9ite p[] ( ! f9ite body ,a2 & let ! half ( ,a be tak51 :i* let be ,c1 & let ! p[] ( ?is be ,d4 ,b x is necess>y t ! p[] ,d %\ld be less ?an ! p[] ,b3 = a "p has a p[] less ?an t ( ! :ole4 ,let ! ratio1 !re=e1 ( ,c to ,a be tak51 & ,d w measure ,b4 ,! p[] ,b !re=e is f9ite1 & x is z ,c to ,a1 s ,d to ,b2 & alt]nately z ,c to ,d1 s ,a to ,b4 ,b ! p[] ,d is ! p[] ( ! magnitude ,c1 & !re=e ,b w be ! p[] ( ! magnitude ,a4 ,! magnitude ,a1 !re=e1 has a f9ite p[] ,b2 b x 0 inf9ite1 :i* is impossible3 =1 t a p[] ( ! same species %\ld be bo? f9ite & inf9ite 9 ! same ?+1 is impossible4 ,,!orem #g4 ,simple bodies are t]m9at$ accord+ to species4 ,demon/ration4--,= let ! magnitude ,a be a simple body4 ,s9ce1 !re=e1 a simple body is mov$ ) a simple motion1 ,a w be mov$ ) a simple motion4 ,& if x is mov$ 9 a circle1 x w h "o nature & "o =m4 ,b if x is mov$ accord+ to any "o ( ! motions 9 a "r l9e1 if x is mov$ f ! middle only1 x w be fire1 b if only to ! middle1 e>?4 ,b1 if x is light ) respect to "o ?+1 & heavy ) respect to ano!r1 x w be "s "o ( ! middle elem5ts4 ,! species !re=e ( simple bodies are t]m9at$4 ,,!orem #h4 ,"t is cont9u$ & p]petual4 ,demon/ration4--,=1 if x is nei!r cont9u$ nor et]nal1 x w h a c]ta9 beg9n+4 ,let1 !re=e1 ,a ,b be "t1 & let its beg9n+ be ,a4 ,b if ,a is "t1 x is divisible1 & we %all n yet h ! beg9n+ ( "t1 b !re w be ano!r beg9n+ ( ! beg9n+4 ,b1 if ,a is a mom5t or ! n[1 x w be indivisible1 & ! b\nd>y ( ano!r "t3 = ! n[ is n only a beg9n+1 b an end4 ,!re w !re=e be "t be=e ,a4 ,aga93 if ,b is ! b\nd>y ( "t1 if ,b is "t1 x may be divid$ to inf9ity1 & into ! _m b\nd>ies :i* x conta9s4 ,b if ,b is ! n[1 ! same w also be a beg9n+3 = ! n[ is n only a b\nd>y1 b a beg9n+#fj4 ,,!orem #i4 ,a motion :i* is naturally circul> is p]petual4 ,demon/ration4--,let ! circul> motion be t ( ! circle ,a ,b1 ,i say t x is p]petual3 =1 s9ce "t is p]petual1 x is also necess>y t motion %\ld be p]petual4 ,& s9ce "t is cont9u$1 7= !re is ! same n[ 9 ! pa/ & pres5t "t17 x is necess>y t !re %\ld be "s "o cont9u$ motion3 = "t is ! numb] ( motion4 ,h[ev]1 all o!r motions are n p]petual3 = !y are g5]at$ f contr>ies into contr>ies4 ,a circul> motion1 !re=e1 is alone p]petual3 = to ?is1 z we h demon/rat$1 no?+ is contr>y4 ,b t all ! motions :i* subsi/ betwe5 contr>ies1 are b\nd$1 & are n p]petual1 we ?us demon/rate4 ,let ,a ,b be a motion betwe5 ! two contr>ies ,a & ,b4 ,! motion1 !re=e1 ( ,a ,b is b\nd$ by ,a & ,b1 & is n inf9ite4 ,b ! motion f ,a is n cont9u$ ) t f ,b4 ,b1 :5 t :i* is mov$ returns1 x w /& /ill 9 ,b3 =1 if ! motion f ,a is "o cont9u$ motion1 & also t f ,b1 t :i* is mov$ f ,b w be mov$ into ! same4 ,x w !re=e be mov$ 9 va91 be+ n[ 9 ,a4 ,b nature does no?+ 9 va93 & h5ce1 !re is n "o motion4 ,! motions1 !re=e1 betwe5 contr>ies are n p]petual4 ,nor is x possible = a ?+ to be mov$ to inf9ity 9 a "r l9e3 = contr>ies are ! b\nd>ies4 ,nor :5 x returns w x make "o motion4 ,,!orem #aj4 ,t :i* moves a p]petual motion is p]petual4 ,demon/ration4--,= let ,a be t :i* moves a p]petual motion4 ,i say t ,a also is p]petual3 =1 if x is n1 x w n !n move :5 x is n4 ,b ?is n mov+1 nei!r does ! motion subsi/1 :i* x mov$ be=e4 ,x is h[ev] suppos$ to be p]petual4 ,b1 no?+ else mov+1 t w be immoveable :i* is p]petually mov$4 ,& if any?+ else moves :5 ,a is no m1 ! motion is n cont9ual2 :i* is impossible4 ,h5ce1 t :i* moves a p]petual motion is itself p]petual4 ,,!orem #aa4 ,t :i* is immoveable is ! lead] ( ?+s mov+ & mov$4 ,demon/ration4--,= let ,a be mov$ by ,b1 & ,b by ,c1 ,i say t ?is w "s "t or o!r /op1 & t n ev]y?+ :i* moves w be itself mov$3 =1 if possible1 let ?is take place4 ,motions1 !re=e1 are ei!r 9 a circle1 or ad inf9itum4 ,b1 if ?+s mov+ & mov$ are inf9ite1 !re w be inf9ite multitude & magnitude3 = ev]y?+ :i* is mov$ is divisible1 & moves f contact4 ,h5ce1 t :i* consi/s f ?+s mov+ & mov$ inf9ite 9 multitude1 w be inf9ite 9 magnitude4 ,b x is impossible t any body1 :e!r composite or simple1 c be inf9ite4 ,b if motions are 9 a circle1 "s "o ( ?+s mov$ at a c]ta9 "t1 w be ! cause ( p]petual motion1 if all ?+s move & are mov$ by ea* o!r 9 a circle4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is impossible3 = t :i* moves a p]petual motion is p]petual4 ,nei!r1 !re=e1 is ! motion ( ?+s mov$1 9 a circle1 nor ad inf9itum4 ,!re is1 !re=e1 t :i* moves immoveably1 & :i* is p]petual4 ,b f h5ce x is evid5t1 t all ?+s are n mov$2 = !re is also some?+ :i* is immoveable4 ,nor are all ?+s at re/2 = !re are also ?+s :i* are mov$4 ,nor are "s ?+s always at re/1 b o!rs always mov$2 = !re are also ?+s :i* are sometimes at re/1 & sometimes mov$1 su* z are ?+s :i* are mov$ f contr>ies into contr>ies4 ,nor are all ?+s sometimes at re/1 & sometimes mov$2 = !re is t :i* is p]petually mov$1 & also t :i* is p]petually immoveable4 ,,!orem #ab4 ,ev]y?+ :i* is mov$1 is mov$ by some?+4 ,demon/ration4--,let ,a be t :i* is mov$1 ,i say t ,a is mov$ by some?+3 = x is ei!r mov$ accord+ or contr>y to nature4 ,if1 !re=e1 x is mov$ accord+ to nature1 t :i* moves is nature2 b1 if contr>y to nature1 t :i* employs viol5ce moves2 = e motion contr>y to nature is viol5t4 ,,!orem #ac4 ,t :i* fir/ moves a circul> motion is imp>tible1 or )\t p>ts4 ,demon/ration4--,= let ,a be t :i* moves ! fir/ motion3 = x is necess>y t !re %\ld be some?+ ( ?is k9d1 because ev]y?+ :i* is mov$ is mov$ by some?+4 ,b ,a1 if x is t :i* fir/ moves1 w be immoveable3 = t :i* is immoveable is ! lead] ( all ?+s :i* are mov$4 ,&1 s9ce x moves a p]petual motion1 x w possess an inf9ite p[] ( mov+2 = f9ite p[]s h also f9ite en]gies3 = en]gy proce$s f p[]4 ,s t if its en]gy is inf9ite1 its p[] also w be inf9ite4 ,h5ce1 t :i* fir/ moves a circul> motion1 mu/ necess>ily ei!r be body1 or incorporeal4 ,b if body1 x is ei!r f9ite or inf9ite4 ,!re is n h[ev] an inf9ite body4 ,& if x is a f9ite body1 x w n possess an inf9ite p[]4 ,b ! p[]s ( ?+s b\nd$ accord+ to magnitude are f9ite1 z has be5 demon/rat$4 ,h5ce1 t :i* fir/ moves a circul> motion1 is n a body4 ,x is !re=e incorporeal1 & possesses inf9ite p[]4 ,,footnotes3 #ei ,simple bodies1 accord+ to ,ari/otle1 are ^? :i* naturally possess an inh]5t pr9ciple ( motion4 ,= animals & plants possess a pr9ciple ( motion2 b 9 ^! x proce$s f s\l & n f nature4 #fj ,h5ce ! _w is p]petual2 = x is consubsi/5t ) "t4 ,,! ,,end4 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,ri*>d ,,taylor1 ,,r$ ,,lion ,,c\rt1 ,,fleet ,,/reet4