,transcrib]'s ,note ,italic text display$ z3 italic ,illu/ration3 ,exhibition ( ,birdh\ses 9 ! ,fairbanks ,museum1 ,/4 ,johnsbury1 ,vt4 ,,boy ,,bird ,,h\se ,,ar*itecture ,by ,,leon ,h4 ,,baxt] ,director ( ,manual ,tra9+1 ,public ,s*ools ,/4 ,johnsbury1 ,vt4 ,illu/ration3 ,decoration ,,! ,,bruce ,,publi%+ ,,co4 ,,milwaukee4 ,,wis4 ,copyright1 #aibj ,,! ,,bruce ,,publi%+ ,,co4 ,,introductory ,,note ,x is ) mu* pleasure t ,i comm5d to ! public ?is little book reg>d+ ! con/ruction ( ,bird ,h\ses4 ,z ,in/ructor 9 ,nature ,/udy at ! ,fairbanks ,museum x has be5 my privilege & pleasure to co-op]ate closely ) ,mr4 ,baxt]'s "w 9 ! manual tra9+ dep>tm5t ( ! local s*ools4 ,?r\gh 8 in/ruction our boys are pr\d to be consid]$ natural gu>dians ( bird homes 9 our t[n1 :i* is v]itably a bird sanctu>y4 ,ab\t two hundr$ suitable ne/+ boxes h be5 plac$ 9 prop] localities dur+ ! pa/ ?ree ye>s4 ,! ,museum (f]s prizes ea* ye> to ! boys ( ,mr4 ,baxt]'s classes & our exhibit ( ,bird ,h\ses on ! fir/ ,saturday 9 ,april is an ev5t t attracts _m pr\d p>5ts to inspect ! "w ( _! *ildr54 ,9 ?is little book1 ,mr4 ,baxt] tells v explicitly j h[ any "o c build suitable h\ses to attract our native birds4 ,j "h ,i w\ld l to say t any t[n or community t protects its birds1 insures its h>ve/s aga9/ de/ruction by insect pe/s4 ,!re=e ! economic value ( ,bird ,h\ses is ev5 great] ?an ! ae/hetic4 ,! results actually accompli%$ by ,mr4 ,baxt] along ^! l9es v\* = ! accuracy ( ! in=mation conta9$ 9 ?is little book4 ,,inez ,,addie ,,h[e1 ,in/ructor 9 ,nature ,/udy4 ,! ,fairbanks ,museum1 ,/4 ,johnsbury1 ,vt4 ,,au?or',s ,,preface ,to ! lov] ( ! op51 ! woods1 ! fields1 & wat]ways & all ( ,god's wild ?+s1 ?is book is affectionately d$icat$4 ,to lead ! boy & girl t[>d _! prop] relation%ip ) _! fea!r$ fri5ds ( ! air1 & to in/il ! feel+ ( protection t[>d our native birds1 ^! pages h be5 writt5 & ^! designs made4 ,:at is (f]$ betwe5 ! cov]s ( ?is little book is ! results ( /udy & obs]vation ( birds & _! ways cov]+ a p]iod ( six ye>s4 ,ea* draw+ (f]$ is ( a prov5 h\se1 "o t has s]v$ z a home = "s ( our song/]s & if ! directions1 "h set d[n1 are fai?fully foll[$1 equal success w cr[n ! build]s' ef=ts4 ,:ile ! great] "p ( ! text is ! result ( k :i* ! writ] has glean$ at fir/ h&1 yet ! au?or has sev]al times quot$ f ! text ( ! ,f>m]s' ,bullet9 ,no4 #fba1 ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 & f a contribution by ,edw>d ,h[e ,=bu%1 9 ,bullet9 ,no4 #a1 publi%$ by ,! ,national ,association ( ,audubon ,societies4 ,fig4 #b1 ! photograph %[+ a blue bird ent]+ a box1 is by ,s4 ,p4 ,br[nell1 ,ea/ ,b>net1 ,vt4 ,,leon ,h4 ,,baxt]4 ,/4 ,johnsbury1 ,vt4 ,feb4 #b1 #aibj4 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts ,page ,our ,fri5ds ! ,birds #aa ,birds ,t ,adapt ,!mselves to ,ne/+ ,boxes #ab ,! ,bluebirds #ac ,! ,rob9 #ad ,! ,titmice #ad ,! ,wr5s #ae ,! ,woodpeck] #af ,bird ,h\se ,mat]ial #af ,me?ods ( ,f9i%+ ,ext]iors #ah ,bird ,box ,specifications #bj ,typical ,bird ,h\se ,specifications #ba ,me?ods ( ,conduct+ a ,bird ,h\se ,conte/ #bc ,bird ,h\se ,day #bf ,bird ,enemies #bg ,g5]al ,directions = ,/>t+ ,"w on ! ,bird ,boxes #bh ,w9t] ,c>e ( ! ,birds #ce ,plate #a--;,blue ,bird ,h\se #da ,plate #b--;,blue ,bird ,h\se #db ,plate #c--;,blue ,bird ,h\se #dc ,plate #d--;,blue ,bird ,h\se #dd ,plate #e--;,blue ,bird ,h\se #de ,plate #f--;,box = ,rob9s #df ,plate #g--;,box = ,rob9s #dg ,plate #h--;,box = ,wr5s #dh ,plate #i--;,d\ble ,wr5 ,h\se #di ,plate #aj--;,d[ny ,woodpeck] ,h\se #ej ,plate #aa--;,box = ,hairy ,woodpeck]s #ea ,plate #ab--;,flick] ,h\se #eb ,plate #ac--,woodpeck] ,h\se #ec ,plate #ad--,nu?at* ,h\se #ed ,plate #ae--,nu?at* ,h\se #ee ,plate #af--;,box = ,tree ,swall[ #ef ,plate #ag--,titm\se ,h\se #eg ,plate #ah--;,*ickadee ,h\se #eh ,plate #ai--;,h\ses f ,common ,objects #ei ,plate #ai;a--,sugge/$ ,designs = ,boxes #fj ,plate #bj--;,fe$+ ,devices #fa ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #e4 ,exhibit ( ,birdh\ses ,made ,9 ! ,/4 ,johnsbury ,s*ools 9 #aiai4 ,,our ,,fri5ds ,,! ,,birds ,x has be5 positively prov5 t birds w return annually 9 great] numb]s to localities :]e assi/ance1 9 ! =m ( ne/+ boxes1 has be5 r5d]$ by ^? int]e/$ 9 bird welf>e1 ?an to ^? places :]e no su* provision has be5 made4 ,a progressive /udy ( our native birds by compet5t individuals1 especially ?r\gh ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture 9 its ,f>m]s' ,bullet9s1 has %[n v decisively t ! return made by our fea!r$ fri5ds by ridd+ our g>d5s & or*>ds ( de/ructive worms & insects1 is _m times z valuable z ! small commission !y collect by sampl+ a b]ry or two "h & !re4 ,innum]able quantities ( se$s ( plants & we$s :i* w\ld o!rwise ov]un our g>d5s are eat5 by ! birds4 ,?is1 toge!r ) ! fact t ^! same birds ) _! brilliant plumage & beautiful songs1 are a valuable asset to our neighborhood1 ought c]ta9ly to impress u t !y are des]v+ ( our assi/ance & protection4 ,assi/ance is be/ af=d$ by prep>+ suitable h\ses & fe$+ %elves = !m1 & also by plac+ bits ( /r+1 horsehair1 & o!r ne/+ mat]ial conv5i5t = !m4 ,protection is simple & may be limit$ to laws safegu>d+ birds f h>m1 to kill+ (f z _m z possible ( ! ,engli% sp>r[s1 & to see+ t cats are n all[$ any undue opportunity = h>m+ !m4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #a4 ,blue ,bird ,fe$+ ,"y4 ,! boy or girl :o puts up boxes = ! birds to ne/ 91 supplies !m ) dr9k+ & ba?+ places1 & provides food = ^? species :i* rema9 9 w9t]1 is c]ta9 ( an unfail+ s\rce ( pleasure1 :i* c nev] be kn[n to any "o :o pursues !m ) airgun & /ones1 or simply ignores _! pres5ce4 ,! *ances are t ! bird-lov+ boy or girl w make ! bett] citiz54 ,,birds ,,t ,,adapt ,,!mselves ,,to ,,ne/+ ,,boxes4 ,!re is q a l>ge numb] ( birds t easily adapt !mselves to ! artificially made h\se4 ,! ma9 ?+ is to consid] ! type ( h\se t w appeal to ! int5d$ t5ants1 "o t approa*es ne>e/ to _! natural desires & ne/+ sites4 ,bluebirds & h\se wr5s are ! easie/ to entice to ! ne/+ box4 ,pla9 wea!r /a9$ boxes or ^? cov]$ ) b>k h prov5 to be ! be/ type4 ,purple m>t9s ne/ 9 colonies b are sc>ce n[ 9 contra/ to _! =m] numb]s4 ,tree swall[s take to ! boxes1 b if an occasion arises :]e !y h a *oice betwe5 ! box & a natural cavity1 g5]ally ! latt] w be select$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #b4 ,blue ,bird ,ent]+ ,box4 ,*ickadees & flick]s take to ! home-made box &1 sometimes ! little scree* owl occupies "o ( ! man-made resid5ces4 ,he makes a wor?y t5ant1 = z a m\s]1 he is sup]ior to ! h\se cat4 ,rob9 ,r$ ,brea/ is ano!r easily attract$ native bird4 ,la/ ye> ,i put up a rob9 %elf1 simil> to ! ones %[n 9 ! foll[+ draw+s1 & inside ( fifte5 m9utes ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,rob9 _h hir$ ! ap>tm5t = ! season & 7 soon busily engag$ 9 weav+ ! ne/ )9 fifte5 feet ( :]e we 7 obs]v+ !m4 ,,! ,,bluebirds4 ,! ea/]n bluebird is a common inhabitant ( all ,/ates ea/ ( ! ,rocky ,m\nta9s f ! ,gulf ( ,mexico to ,s\!rn ,canada4 ,9 ! ,mississippi ,valley x w9t]s z f> nor? z ,s\!rn ,ill9ois1 & 9 ! ,ea/ z f> z ,p5nsylvania4 ,x is "o ( ! e>lie/ nor!rn migrants & ev]y:]e is hail$ z a h>b+] ( spr+4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #c4 ,*ickadee ,fe$+4 ,dome/ic 9 habits1 x frequ5ts or*>ds & g>d5s & builds close to human habitations4 ,fig4 #a %[s a bluebird at ! entrance to an artificially holl[$ tree trunk1 fe$+ its "y4 ,fig4 #b %[s ano!r bluebird ab\t to ent] a bird box4 ,,! ,,rob94 ,to _m ! rob9 is ! mo/ *]i%$ ( birds & is f\nd ?r\gh\t ! ,/ates ea/ ( ! ,great ,pla9s1 & is repres5t$ f>!r we/ & s\? by slightly diff]5t sub-species4 ,x bre$s f> nor? ?r\gh ,canada1 & is f\nd ev5 9 ,alaska4 ,x is q fe>less & w occupy a bird %elf close to human habitation4 ,! rob91 h[ev]1 refuses ! enclos$ h\se & !re=e ! front & "o side %\ld be made op54 ,,! ,,titmice4 ,^! birds1 al?\gh insignificant 9 size1 h enorm\s appetites & fe$ *iefly on small insects & _! eggs t :olly escape ! se>* ( l>g] birds4 ,?is bird1 or "s ( its sub-species1 occupies ! :ole ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates nor? ( ! latitude ( ,wa%+ton & ext5ds into ,canada4 ,9 ! ea/]n portion ( ! c\ntry ! be/ kn[n & mo/ widely di/ribut$ species is ! common black capp$ *ickadee4 ,fig4 #c %[s a *ickadee fe$+ f ! h&4 ,,! ,,wr5s4 ,! dim9utive h\se wr5 frequ5ts b>ns & g>d5s & p>ticul>ly old or*>ds 9 :i* ! trees are p>tially decay$4 ,he makes 8 ne/ 9 a holl[ :]e p]haps a woodpeck] _h a domicile ! ye> be=e1 b he is a pugnaci\s "*1 & if he happ5s to fancy "o ( ! boxes put up = bluebirds1 he does n hesitate to take x4 ,he is usually n sl[ to avail himself ( boxes1 g\rds1 t9 cans1 or empty j>s plac$ = 8 accommodation4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #d4 ,! v>i\s species ( wr5s occupy m or less ! :ole c\ntry f ! ,atlantic to ! ,pacific4 ,! wr5 is "o ( our mo/ fri5dly birds & 8 pres5ce %\ld be enc\rag$ ab\t e f>m1 village1 & suburban resid5ce4 ,,! ,,woodpeck]4 ,! woodpeck]s are ! true bird c>p5t]s & d a great am\nt ( good 9 de/roy+ h>mful insects & bor+ worms4 ,^! birds are f\nd mo/ ev]y:]e 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 sev]al species rema9+ 9 ! nor!rn ,/ates ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,two ( ! be/ kn[n woodpeck]s1 ! hairy woodpeck] & ! d[ny woodpeck]1 range ov] a great] "p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"o ( ! l>g] woodpeck]s famili> to u all is ! flick]1 or gold5 w+$ woodpeck]4 ,mo/ all ( ! woodpeck]s w adopt ! artificial h\se1 especially ^? holl[$ out ( a split piece ( limb4 ,,bird ,,h\se ,,mat]ial4 ,great v>ieties ( h\ses c be con/ruct$ ( half in* lumb] & c be made v attractive to ! eye4 ,o!r mat]ial1 h[ev]1 c be utiliz$4 ,! mo/ natural ,bird ,homes1 & su* z may (t5 be provid$ ) ! lea/ tr\ble1 are pieces ( holl[ limbs or small holl[ trunks ( trees1 or ! old ne/+ holes ( woodpeck]s4 ,if no limbs ) suitable cavities are f\nd1 !y may be made by tak+ a piece ( a limb1 ab\t eight in*es 9 diamet] & f\rte5 to sixte5 in*es long1 divid+ x 9 half1 ) a rip saw1 f "o end to )9 ?ree in*es ( ! o!r1 :]e ! cut is met by a "r-angle cut f ! side4 ,aft] ?is an entrance hole ( ! requir$ size is made ?r\gh ! %ort] or front half4 ,! two halves are holl[$ out1 z %[n 9 ,plate #ai;,a1 s z to =m a cyl9drical cavity ab\t ?ree & "o-half in*es 9 diamet] & t5 in*es deep2 !n ! two halves are plac$ toge!r & held ) screws or bolts4 ,a simil> ,bird ,home is made by bor+ an aug] hole f "o end ( a piece ( limb to )9 a c\ple in*es ( ! o!r1 plugg+ ! bor$ end1 & mak+ an entrance hole ne> ! o!r end4 ,^! homes are adapt$ to woodpeck]s1 bluebirds1 h\se wr5s1 *ickadees & tree swall[s4 ,a little l>g] home ( ! same type is requir$ = cre/$ fly cat*]s & decid$ly l>g] ones = ! flick]4 ,a good siz$1 des]t$ flick]s' home or simil> cavity provides a ne/+ place attractive to ! scree* owl4 ,a piece ( wood5 tub+ f a *a9pump1 ) ! ends plugg$1 & an entrance made 9 ! side ne> ! upp] end1 ! tube be+ cov]$ ) b>k1 makes a v good sub/itute = a holl[ limb4 ,if old & wea!r /a9$ bo>ds are us$ 9 mak+ ! box h\ses1 b>k cov]+ is n absolutely necess>y1 b x adds to ! attractiv5ess1 f bo? ! birds' & ! human /&po9t1 & b>k af=ds a good foo?old = ! birds z !y alight at ! entrance4 ,woodpeck]s especially %\ld h b>k cov]$ ext]iors to _! homes4 ,dri$ g\rds1 holl[$ out1 & ) an op5+ made = an entrance1 (t5 attract wr5s & bluebirds4 ,:ile t9 cans may be us$1 x is n desirable1 9 ! au?or's op9ion to make use ( ?is m$ium z t9 becomes v hot 9 ! sun4 ,if cans are us$1 c>e %\ld be tak5 to place !m 9 %ad$ places4 ,fl[] pots inv]t$1 z illu/rat$ 9 ,plate #ai1 are suitable = "s ( ! small] birds4 ,! old fa%ion$ *imney hav+ be5 replac$ by ! mod]n *imney ) small flues1 ! *imney swifts may be provid$ ) suitable ne/+ qu>t]s by build+ on ! ro(s ( b>ns or %$s1 artificial *imneys ( wood4 ,birds may n always respond promptly to ! fir/ attempt at plac+ a ,bird ,box1 b ! w\ld-be l&lord mu/ n get disc\rag$4 ,prep>e "s ,bird ,homes 9 z attractive a mann] z possible1 keep a supply ( wat] = ba?+ & dr9k+ at h&1 & prev5t _! be+ di/urb$4 ,!n wat* = ! results t are almo/ sure to come4 ,p]si/5t & intellig5t ef=t w br+ ultimate results1 :i* w be sure to rew>d ! attempt4 ,exp]i5ce is ! be/ tea*]4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,f9i%+ ,,ext]iors4 ,z has be5 be=e /at$1 ! be/ f9i% = ! outside ( our ,bird ,h\ses is b>k4 ,! writ] has exp]im5t$ ) v>i\s k9ds ( b>k & has obta9$ ! be/ results ) ! b>k f ! c$>4 ,x is r\gh en\gh = ! birds to obta9 a good foo?old ^u1 x is v arti/ic 9 appe>ance1 cuts & b5ds v easily & c be held ) f\r ounce tacks4 ,a ^w %\ld be said "h ab\t obta9+ ?is b>k1 z x %\ld nev] be tak5 f ! liv+ tree4 ,c$> po/s are us$ v mu* = supports 9 build+ & mo/ any contractor or mill man has quantities on h&4 ,^! po/s mo/ always mu/ h ! b>k remov$1 especially ! "p to %[ above gr\nd1 & ! own]s1 ,i h f\nd1 are glad to h ! boys remove ! b>k f !m4 ,sometimes a fall5 c$> w be f\nd 9 ! woods & f x may be obta9$ all ! b>k necess>y = a numb] ( boxes4 ,if ! :ole ,bird ,box is n to be b>k cov]$ x is a good plan to see t ! ro( is protect$ by b>k4 ,! rema9+ portions ( ! h\se %\ld be /a9$ or pa9t$ a v somb] color1 su* z dull gray1 br[n1 or d>k gre54 ,avoid all gloss pa9ts z !y reflect light & t5d to drive away r ?an attract ! birds4 ,bright colors %\ld also be avoid$4 ,a nicely con/ruct$ ,bird ,box pa9t$ a brilliant r$ ) yell[ trimm+s or "s o!r equally absurd comb9ation su* z ! writ] has se51 is a trave/y on prop] ,bird ,h\se con/ruction4 ,gloss pa9ts c be dull$ by add+ turp5t9e4 ,pa9t$ or /a9$ h\ses %\ld be put out at lea/ a mon? or m be=e ! "t = ! birds to arrive4 ,?is is to wea!r !m & remove all odors4 ,x is a good plan to put out ,bird ,boxes 9 ! fall if possible1 & !y are !n 9 excell5t %ape = spr+ use4 ,d n pa9t or /a9 ,bird ,boxes on ! inside4 ,place ! h\ses 9 quiet places1 away f ! direct rays ( ! sun1 high en\gh to be out ( ! way ( pr[l+ cats or too inquisitive human be+s4 ,,bird ,,box ,,specifications4 ,to successfully entice ! birds to a man1--or r boy--or girl-made home1 !re are c]ta9 rules :i* exp]i5ce has prov5 we mu/ foll[4 ,! draw+s 9 ?is book h be5 made z ne>ly correct z c>eful /udy ( all available data on ! subject w all[4 ,! au?or feels confid5t t if ! draw+s1 toge!r ) ! specifications t g ) !m1 are c>efully foll[$ ! artisan w be amply rew>d$ by f9d+ all bird t5em5ts 8let0 z soon z ! spr+ migration & ne/+ season />ts4 ,^! h\ses & _m ( v>i$ design h be5 successfully built by pupils ( ! sev5? & eigh? grades1 ) ov] #ge p]c5t ( success 9 hav+ !m occupi$4 ,! table giv5 bel[ gives ! correct dim5sions = a v>iety ( h\ses = diff]5t birds4 ,! size ( ! op5+ is v important1 z x is ess5tial t x be no l>g] ?an is necess>y = ! bird = :om x is int5d$1 to conv5i5tly ent]4 ,! small] birds w be bo!r$ a great deal by ! ,engli% sp>r[1 :o ent]s if ! op5+ is n kept v small4 ,x is consid]$ by a majority ( au?orities t a p]* is n a help b a h9drance at ! op5+4 ,! sp>r[s alight !re & by _! incessant *irp+ drive out or annoy ! m desirable occupants4 ,aga91 ! bluebird & mo/ ( ! o!r song birds c fly directly to ! edge ( ! op5+ & ?us g 91 :ile ! sp>r[1 n q z clev]1 mu/ fir/ alight on ! p]* & get 8 be>+ be=e hopp+ 94 ,x is exce$+ly important t !re be "s means ( clean+ out ,bird ,h\ses at ! season's end or to remove any dead birdl+s dur+ ! season4 ,?is may be tak5 c>e ( by hav+ ei!r ! ro( or ! bottom h+$4 ,,typical ,,bird ,,h\se ,,specifications4 ,floor ,dep? ,entrance ,diamet] ,height ,area 9 9 ,above ( ,f ,in*es ,in*es ,floor 9 ,entrance ,gr\nd ,bird ,in*es 9 ,in*es 9 ,in*es ,bluebird #ee #h #f #a #e-aj ,rob9 #fh #h ,a ,a #f-ae ,*ickadee #dd #h-aj #h #a #f-ae ,tuft$ ,titm\se #dd #h-aj #h #a #f-ae ,:ite-brea/$ ,nu?at* #dd #h-aj #h #a #ab-bj ,h\se ,wr5 #dd #f-h #a-f #f-aj ,bewick ,wr5 #dd #f-h #a-f #a #f-aj ,c>ol9a ,wr5 #dd #f-h #a-f #a #f-aj ,dipp] #ff #f #a #c #a-c ,viol5t-,gre5 ,swall[ #ee #f #a-f #a #aj-ae ,tree ,swall[ #ee #f #a-f #a #aj-ae ,b>n ,swall[ #ff #f ,a ,a #h-ab ,m>t9 #ff #f #a #b #af-bj ,swall[ #ff #f #a #b #af-bj ,song ,sp>r[ #ff #f ,b #a-c ,cre/$ ,flycat*] #ff #h-aj #h #b #h-bj ,r$-head$ ,woodpeck] #ff #ab-ae #ab #b #ab-bj ,gold5-,front$ ,woodpeck] #ff #ab-ae #ab #a #ab-bj ,hairy ,woodpeck] #ff #ab-ae #ab #a #ab-bj ,d[ny ,woodpeck] #dd #h-aj #h #a #f-bj ,scree* ,owl #hh #ab-ae #ab #c #aj-cj ,sp>r[ ,hawk #hh #ab-ae #ab #c #aj-cj ,saw-,:et ,owl #ff #aj-ab #aj #b #ab-bj ,b>n ,owl #ajah #ae-ah #d #f #ab-ah ,wood ,duck #ajah #aj-ae #c #f #d-bj ,footnote ,a3 ,"o or m sides op54 ,footnote ,b3 ,all sides op54 ,!re %\ld be a few small holes bor$ 9 ! bottom to all[ any moi/ure t might accumulate1 to dra94 ,also1 ano!r set ( holes at lea/ -in* 9 diamet] %\ld be bor$ = v5tilation1 high en\gh s t no drafts w affect ! "y4 ,^! are be/ locat$ j "u ! eaves4 ,9 bor+ ! entrance hole1 tip ! bit upw>d slightly s t ra9 wat] w n drip inw>d4 ,"s device = atta*+ ! h\se to a build+ or tree %\ld be provid$4 ,x is be/ to h ! h\se /ation>y to prev5t undue sw++ 9 a high w9d1 p]haps caus+ ! break+ ( eggs & discom=t to ! "m bird4 ,h\ses ( unusual %ape or design are n consid]$ z good z ! pla9] types1 ! idea be+ to make ea* h\se h>monize z naturally z possible ) ! surr\nd+s4 ,x mu/ be evid5t f ! =ego+ t !re are q a numb] ( ?+s to keep 9 m9d z we prep>e our plans = ! homes ( ! future fea!r$ inhabitants4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,conduct+ ,a ,,bird ,,h\se ,,conte/4 ,/4 ,johnsbury1 ,v]mont1 is v =tunate 9 hav+ a f9e ,museum ( ,natural ,sci5ce ) a corps ( v effici5t work]s on its /aff4 ,e ye> ! directors ( ! ,museum donate a sub/antial am\nt ( prize money z rew>ds = ! be/ h\ses con/ruct$ = birds by pupils ( ! gramm> s*ool4 ,! local ,comm]cial ,club1 z well z _m ( ! m]*ants also1 add g5]\sly to ! fund1 s t ! boys & girls1 besides hav+ an inc5tive = help+ _! bird fri5ds f an economic /&po9t1 also h a *ance to pr(it f9ancially4 ,previ\s to />t+ "w ! ,museum in/ructors give int]e/+ lectures on ! necessity ( provid+ all possible assi/ance = ! birds1 & by m\nt$ specim5s %[ ! v>i\s birds t readily accept ! artificial h\ses4 ,!y also expla9 ! entrance sizes requir$ by ! diff]5t species1 & g into detail conc]n+ v5tilation1 dra9age1 color+ & plac+ ( ! h\ses4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #f4 ,a ,gr\p ( ,prize ,w9n]s4 ,lat] on ! *ildr5 are tak5 on bird walks1 s z to /udy fir/ h& ! *>act]i/ics1 habitat1 & diff]5ce 9 color+ ( ! male & female ( ! v>i\s native birds4 ,orig9al designs are enc\rag$1 & ) discussions & good advice ! "w is />t$4 ,a /at$ am\nt ( "t is all[$ = complet+ ! h\ses1 & ! mat]ial is paid = by ea* pupil4 ,on ! appo9t$ day ! h\ses are numb]$ & gr\p$ & are ready = ! judg+4 ,?ree judges are appo9t$ f among p :o are pr(ici5t to judge su* an exhibit1 usually "o ( ! museum in/ructors1 to judge ! te*nical side1 a c>p5t] or me*anic1 to judge ! workman%ip1 & "o :o is int]e/$ 9 art to take c>e ( ! g5]al design & appe>ance4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #g4 ,results ( ! ,fir/ ,conte/ 9 ,/4 ,johnsbury4 ,! score c>d is z foll[s3 ,fitness to purpose #ej ,skill 9 ,workman%ip #cj ,appe>ance1 design1 color #bj -------- ,total #ajj ,ea* judge m>ks individually on ! tally & ! box ^: score is highe/ 9 ! e/imation ( all1 receives fir/ & s on ?r\gh all ! prizes4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #h4 ,"s ,h\ses ,made 9 #aiaf4 ,sometimes ! pupils judge ! display be=eh& & comp>e _! results ) ^? ( ! select$ judges1 & x has prov5 g5]ally t boys & girls w use v excell5t judgm5t 9 select+ ! w9n]s4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #i4 ,a ,few ,h\ses ,made 9 #aiag4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aj4 ,a ,w9n]4 ,! prizes are usually tools1 good books1 & ?rift /amps1 & ?is annual ev5t is look$ =w>d to ) ke5 anticipation by ! y\?ful design]s4 ,figs4 #d & #e %[ exhibits at ! local museum = ! pa/ two ye>s4 ,fig4 #f %[s a gr\p ( prize w9n]s4 ,figs4 #g1 #h & #i %[ collections ( h\ses made dur+ ! pa/ f\r ye>s4 ,fig4 #aj %[s "o prize w9n] ) 8 h\se holl[$ f a piece ( bir* limb4 ,,bird ,,h\se ,,day4 ,aft] ! prize w9n]s h be5 ann\nc$ a day is set = all :o are int]e/$1 to ga!r at ! ,museum1 & ) nails1 hamm]s1 wire & /ep ladd]1 toge!r ) ! ,bird ,boxes />t out to place ! h\ses 9 position4 ,fig4 #aa %[s a gr\p ab\t to />t4 ,fig4 #ab gives a view ( ! boys plac+ a h\se 9 a tree4 ,,bird ,,enemies4 ,our bird fri5ds h mu* to cont5d ) 9 rais+ _! broods1 & x is "h we c r5d] !m valuable assi/ance4 ,! cat1 ! greate/ enemy ( birds1 mu/ be att5d$ to diplomatically4 ,! %ot gun me?od w n d "h or we may f9d ourselves hal$ into c\rt ^u ! compla9t ( "s neighbor4 ,! be/ way is to gu>d ! tree trunks ) t9 z sugge/$ 9 sev]al ways 9 ,plate #ai4 ,= tramp cats1 hav+ no home or own]1 ! trap %[n 9 ! same plate w be f\nd effici5t4 ,spikes may be driv5 9 "p way ab\t a pole s t ! r[ ( heads prev5t ! cats gett+ by4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aa4 ,*ildr5 ,/>t+ ,out to ,put ,up ,h\ses4 ,engli% ,sp>r[s are ano!r sworn enemy ( our song birds & !y %\ld be ext]m9at$ 9 e way possible4 ,traps1 air guns & any o!r means1 no matt] h[ diabolical1 are all too good = ?is fea!r$ pe/4 ,_! ne/s %\ld be pull$ d[n & ! "y de/roy$ :5ev] & :]ev] f\nd4 ,!y are p]si/5t & mu/ be cont9u\sly h>ass$4 ,squirrels & snakes also /eal bo? ! eggs & ! "y & !y %\ld be driv5 f localities frequ5t$ by birds4 ,,g5]al ,,directions ,,= ,,/>t+ ,,"w ,,on ,,! ,,bird ,,boxes4 ,fir/ decide ^u ! bird = :i* y\r h\se is to be made &1 ref]r+ to ! draw+s1 select ! "o :i* be/ suits y\r fancy4 ,look ! v>i\s pieces ov] & e/imate ab\t h[ mu* lumb] w be requir$1 !n plan y\r "w s z to cut y\r bo>d ) z little wa/e z possible4 ,take pieces ( a simil> wid? & get !m out 9 "o long piece f y\r bo>d4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ab4 ,putt+ ,up a ,h\se4 ,plane "o edge ( ! bo>d /raight & smoo? & call ?is ! work+ edge1 or edge f :i* all measurem5ts are to be tak54 ,squ>e "o end squ>e ) ! work+ edge & ! surface4 ,measure f ?is squ>e end1 ! l5g? specifi$ on ! draw+1 & squ>e a l9e across ! bo>d1 plac+ ! try squ>e h&le tight aga9/ ! work+ edge4 ,next take ! cross-cut saw & saw c>efully j outside y\r l9e on ! side away f ! piece to be cut (f4 ,plane n[ back to ! l9e & no fur!r4 ,! wid? mu/ next be obta9$ ei!r ) a m>k+ gage1 if y h "o1 set at ! requir$ di/ance1 or by measur+ c>efully ) y\r rul]4 ,n[ saw & plane to y\r l9e4 ,treat ea* piece 9 ?is mann] & m>k ) its prop] lett]1 to be ready = assembl+ lat]4 ,we %all consid]1 = illu/ration1 t we are mak+ ! ,blue ,bird ,h\se %[n 9 ,plate #c4 ,we h our pieces all cut out & numb]$ & %all n[ cut ! %ape ( pieces ,a1 :i* are ! front & re> ( ! h\se1 f our pieces t we h previ\sly cut #h in*es wide by #aj in*es long4 ,illu/ration3 ,a ,s*ool ,exhibit ( ,bird ,h\ses at ,crosby-,ironton1 ,m9n4 ,f9d ! c5t] ( "o end1 :i* w be "o-half ( #h in*es or #d in*es4 ,measure d[n on ea* side #d in*es & draw f our edge c5t] to ^! po9ts4 ,f9d ! c5t] ( our bottom edge next & measure #b in*es ea* side to make our bottom edge #e in*es wide1 z %[n4 ,draw f ! ends ( ?is #e in* l9es to our po9ts on ! sides & we are ready to c>efully cut out ! =m z %[n 9 ! draw+4 ,always rememb] :5 saw+ to a l9e to leave ab\t #a_/af in* betwe5 our saw cut & ! l9e & f9i% ) a plane to ! l9e4 ,be sure t ! front & re> pieces are exactly ! same size & %ape to insure our h\se go+ toge!r nicely lat]4 ,take ! bottom piece ,e & draw light l9es f corn] to corn]1 & ) a dot locate ! po9ts :]e we are to bore our dra9age holes4 ,9 bor+ ^! take c>e n to split ?r\gh on ! opposite side4 ,locate ! holes = v5tilation next & bore ^! c>efully4 ,illu/ration3 ,"s ,bird ,h\ses ,made 9 ! ,s*ools at ,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,take our back brace ,f next & draw a light p5cil l9e f end to end1 ?r\gh ! c5t]1 & locate ! holes = nail+ to ! tree #a in* 9 f ei!r end4 ,! holes = screw+ piece ,f to ! box are #c in*es beyond ^! out] holes4 ,bore c>efully4 ,bore ! entrance hole ) an expansive bit set s z to bore a hole #a in* 9 diamet]4 ,! c5t] = ?is hole is #c in*es d[n f ! top & #d in*es f ei!r side4 ,if ! h\se is to be pa9t$ x %\ld be ?or\ghly s&pap]$ ) ,no4 s&pap]1 go+ ) ! gra94 ,take ! sides & bevel !m to fit ! front & back pieces1 t is plane !m s t :5 !y are plac$ 9 prop] position aga9/ ! front & re>1 ! edges w foll[ ! same sweep z ! eaves & ! bottom edge4 ,all cutt+ %\ld be f9i%$ be=e s&pap]+ s z n to dull our plane blade ) ! f9e p>ticles ( s& left 9 ! wood by ! s&pap]4 ,nail ! sides to ! front & re>1 us+ #a in* brads1 plac+ ab\t five on ea* edge1 & tak+ c>e t !y /rike fair 9 ! c5t] ( ! edge to prev5t splitt+4 ,next nail on ro( ,c1 hav+ ! re> edge flu% ) ! re> ( ! box all[+ all projection to come 9 front4 ,h ridge edge j level ) peak4 ,next nail on ro( ,b1 see+ t x ov]laps & is nail$ to ! edge ( ,c4 ,next atta* piece ,f to ! re> ( ! box ) screws1 all[+ equal projection above & bel[ ! box4 ,take ! bottom ,e & screw on an in* butt h+e to ! "u side at ! middle po9t ( ! re> edge4 ,!n place 9 position & screw ! o!r "p ( h+e to ,f1 tak+ c>e t ! bottom fits tightly aga9/ ! bottom edges ( ! box4 ,reta9 9 front by means ( a small flat hook & eye z %[n4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ac4 ,a ,food ,%elt]4 ,our box is n[ ready to be ei!r pa9t$ or cov]$ ) b>k z desir$4 ,if x is to be b>k cov]$ use a pair ( snip %e>s to cut ! b>k to ! size requir$4 ,x is g5]ally a good plan to cut ! b>k a little l>ge & trim (f aft] atta*+ x to ! box4 ,use #d oz4 tacks1 us+ z few z possible4 ,h ! b>k run uni=mly 9 ! same direction ov] ! box4 ,b>k directly ov] all holes & :5 f9i%$ cut ^! out ) a %>p knife4 ,if a h\se is to be pa9t$ & h a b>k ro( only1 pa9t fir/ & all[ to dry1 p]haps giv+ a second coat & !n place ! b>k on ! ro(4 ,?is same me?od ( con/ruction z describ$ w be practically ! same = any ( ! h\ses %[n4 ,lumb] %\ld be us$ t w )/& ! wea!r4 ,cypress1 spruce & s(t p9e are p]haps ! be/4 ,,w9t] ,,c>e ,,( ,,! ,,birds4 ,if y wi% to attract birds ab\t ! h\se dur+ ! w9t]1 d n wait until ! gr\nd is cov]$ ) sn[1 b beg9 9 ! ,fall to scatt] hayse$ f ! b>n or /able floor1 on ! b>e gr\nd ab\t ! y>d4 ,millet or any bird se$ w d z well4 ,hang "s pieces ( suet or beef-trimm+s on ! bran*es ( ! trees beyond ! rea* ( cats & dogs4 ,if at fir/ ^! pieces are widely scatt]$ at po9ts radiat+ f ! h\se z a c5t]1 y\r success %\ld be assur$4 ,y\r lures w keep be/ at ?is season if ti$ on ! %ade side ( a tree trunk2 b lat] 9 ! w9t] !y %\ld be put on ! sunny side4 ,!y %\ld be well w\nd to limbs ) tw9e1 or cov]$ ) wire nett+1 s t nei!r jays or cr[s c c>ry !m (f bodily4 ,!y are n[ ready to attract & hold birds t might o!rwise pass on to ! s\?4 ,! birds may n f9d ! food at once1 b usually !y w f9d x soon] or lat]4 ,:5 ! *ickadees h discov]$ x we are ready = ! next move4 ,fre% meat or suet is n[ put up on ! trees ne>e/ ! h\se1 to accu/om ! birds to com+ !re4 ,_m types ( fe$]s c be made1 v>y+ ! pla9 wood %elf1 to ! arti/ic food %elt]s ( natural limbs & b>k4 ,"s fe$]s c be plac$ on movable pivots on poles ) ext5d$ vanes 9 front s t ! w9d w always cause !m to be 9 a %elt]$ position4 ,?is type ( fe$+ %elf1 ,fig4 #d1 & o!rs are %[n on ,plate #bj4 ,illu/ration3 ,birdh\ses ,made at ,ro*e/]1 ,n4 ,y4 ,! w9d[ %elf %[n on ,plate #bj1 ,fig4 #a1 is conv5i5t & c be easily wat*$ & t5d$4 ,fig4 #b %[s a fe$+ /ick4 ,melt$ suet is p\r$ into ! holes & all[$ to cool & ! birds eat f ! outside4 ,! cocoanut l>d] is inexp5sive & easily set up4 ,"o end ( a cocoanut is brok5 9 z %[n & ! birds h access to ! meat4 ,fig4 #d is "o type ( ru/ic fe$] :i* has prov5 popul>4 ,! foll[+ birds h be5 attract$ ab\t local fe$]s3 ,*ickadees1 ,fig4 #c1 nu?at*es1 woodpeck]s1 juncos1 & ev5 ! w>y jay4 ,figure #ac %[s a simple =m ( fe$+ %elf ) sides ( glass4 ,a hairy woodpeck] c be se5 j bel[ ! upp] box4 ,corn1 suet1 scraps ( meat1 crumbs f ! table1 pieces ( d\ghnut1 nuts1 sunfl[] se$1 froz5 milk & _m o!r food mat]ials may be utiliz$1 if "o wi%es to exp]im5t4 ,^! me?ods ( attract+ & dome/icat+ ! birds w be f\nd full ( int]e/1 & 9 "s cases our ef=ts w be rew>d$ by hav+ "s little fea!r$ ball jump fe>lessly on our f+]s = a *oice titbit4 ,! birds w furni% in/ruction & amusem5t to ! h\sehold ?r\gh\t ! ye> & a va/ am\nt ( good may be accompli%$ 9 ?is mann]1 add+ greatly to ! com=t & happ9ess ( our wild bird fri5ds4 ,,designs ,,= ,,bird ,,h\ses ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #a4 ,,blue ,,bird ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #b4 ,,blue ,,bird ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #c4 ,,blue ,,bird ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #d4 ,,blue ,,bird ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #e4 ,,blue ,,bird ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #f4 ,,box ,,= ,,rob9s ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #g4 ,,box ,,= ,,rob9s ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #h4 ,,box ,,= ,,wr5s ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #i4 ,,d\ble ,,wr5 ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #aj4 ,,d[ny ,,woodpeck] ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #aa4 ,,box ,,= ,,hairy ,,woodpeck]s ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ab4 ,,flick] ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ac4 ,,woodpeck] ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ad4 ,,nu?at* ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ae4 ,,nu?at* ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #af4 ,,box ,,= ,,tree ,,swall[ 7,,cat ,,pro(7 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ag4 ,,titm\se ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ah4 ,,*ickadee ,,h\se ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ai4 ,,h\ses ,,f ,,common ,,objects ,g\rds4 ,tomato ,c4 ,fl[] pot4 ,milk c4 ,small keg4 ,small wood5 box4 ,any disc>d$ article ( suitable size may be utiliz$ = a ne/+ box1 ^? ( wood be+ be/4 ,metal objects %\ld be plac$ 9 a cool %ady place z !y heat up v badly if expos$ to ! sun4 ,me?ods ( keep+ cats away4 ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #ai;,a4 ,,sugge/$ ,,designs ,,= ,,boxes ,completely cov]$ ) b>k ,b>n ro(1 pa9t$ body ,natural limb holl[$ out ,cavity op5$ %[+ me?od ( g\g+ & h++ ,illu/ration3 ,,plate #bj4 ,,fe$+ ,,devices ,draw+s made f ,f>m]'s ,bullet91 #fba ,,fig4 #a ,,food ,,%elf ,,fig4 #b ,,fe$+ ,,/ick ,,fig4 #c ,,cocoanut ,,l>d] --,ru/ic ,food ,%elf-- ,to be atta*$ to tree or side ( h\se4 ,,fig4 #d ,,food ,,h\se ,,on ,,pivot