,,memoirs ,,( ,,joseph ,,prie/ley1 ,l4 ,l4 ,d4 ,f4 ,r4 ,s4 c4 ,,memoirs ,,( ,dr4 ,joseph ,prie/ley1 ,,to ,,! ,,ye> #agie1 ,,writt5 ,,by ,,himself3 ,,) ,a ,,cont9uation1 ,,to ,,! ,,"t ,,( ,,8 ,,decease1 ,,by ,,8 ,,son1 ,,joseph ,,prie/ley3 ,,& ,,obs]vations ,,on ,,8 ,,writ+s1 ,,by ,,?omas ,,coop]1 ,,presid5t ,,judge ,,( ,,! #d,,?4 ,,di/rict ,,( ,,p5nsylvania3 ,,& ,,! ,,rev4 ,,william ,,*ri/ie4 ,,nor?umb]l&3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,john ,,b9ns4 #ahjf4 ,di/rict ( ,p5nsylvania1 to wit3 ,be x rememb]$1 t on ! tw5ty-eigh? ( ,decemb] 9 ! ?irtie? ye> ( ! ,indep5d5ce ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica1 ,a4 ,d4 #ahje1 ,joseph ,prie/ley1 ( ! said di/rict1 ha? deposit$ 9 ?is ,(fice ! ,title ( a ,book1 ! "r :]e( he claims z ,proprietor1 9 ! ,words foll[+1 to wit3 8,memoirs ( ,dr4 ,joseph ,prie/ley1 to ! ye> #agie1 writt5 by himself1 ) a cont9uation1 to ! "t ( 8 decease1 by 8 ,son ,joseph ,prie/ley1 & obs]vations on 8 writ+s1 by ,?omas ,coop]1 ,presid5t ,judge ( ! #d? di/rict ( ,p5nsylvania1 & ! ,rev4 ,william ,*ri/ie40 ,9 con=mity to ! ,act ( ! ,congress ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 intitl$ 8,an ,act = ! enc\ragem5t ( le>n+ by secur+ ! copies ( ,maps1 ,*>ts1 & ,books to ! au?ors & proprietors ( su* copies dur+ ! times !re9 m5tion$40 ,& also to ! ,act entitl$ 8,an ,act supplem5t>y to an ,act entitl$ 8,an ,act = ! enc\ragem5t ( le>n+ by secur+ ! copies ( ,maps1 ,*>ts1 & ,books to ! au?ors & proprietors ( su* copies dur+ ! times !re9 m5tion$400 ,& ext5d+ ! b5efits1 !re( to ! ,arts ( design+1 engrav+1 & et*+1 hi/orical & o!r pr9ts4 ,d4 ,,caldwell1 ,cl]k ( ! ,di/rict ( ,p5nsylvania4 ,,table ,,( ,,cont5ts1 ,,( ,,volume ,i4 ,,preface1 ,,page i ,memoirs ) ,notes1 #a ,cont9uation ( ! ,memoirs1 #abi ,app5dix ,no4 ,i4 ,an ,acc\nt ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's ,discov]ies 9 ,*emi/ry1 & ( 8 writ+s on t1 & o!r ,sci5tific subjects1 #bbc -- -- ,no4 #b ,an ,acc\nt ( 8 ,metaphysical writ+s1 #bid ,,preface4 ,my fa!r1 ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 hav+ tak5 ! tr\ble ( writ+ d[n ! pr9cipal occurr5ces ( 8 life1 to ! p]iod ( 8 arrival 9 ?is c\ntry1 t acc\nt is n[ pres5t$ to ! public 9 ! /ate 9 :i* he left x1 "o or two trifl+ alt]ations except$4 ,! simple unaffect$ mann] 9 :i* x is writt51 w be deem$1 ,i h no d\bt1 f> m int]e/+1 ?an if ! n>rative itself _h be5 made ! text ( a m lab\r$ composition4 ,indep5d5t ( ! desire1 s univ]sal among mank9d1 to "k some:at ( ! private z well z ! public hi/ory ( ^? :o h made !mselves em95t among _! fell[ citiz5s1 ! life ( my fa!r is likely to be m useful z well z m int]e/+ ?an ^? ( ! g5]ality ( lit]>y m52 n only z x is an acc\nt ( great indu/ry comb9$ ) great abilities1 successfully ex]t$ = ! ext5sion ( human improvem5t1 b because x af=ds a /rik+ pro( ( ! value ( rational ,*ri/ianity1 adopt$ ^u mature reflection & practic$ ) habitual p]sev]ance4 ,few m5 h _h to /ruggle = s _m ye>s ) circum/ances m /rait5$ & prec>i\s ?an my fa!r2 few m5 h v5tur$ to attack s _m or su* invet]ate prejudices respect+ ! preval5t religion ( 8 c\ntry1 or h advanc$ bold] or m important op9ions 9 opposition to ! c\rtly politics ( ! p[]s t be2 few h _h to enc\nt] m able oppon5ts 9 8 lit]>y c>e]1 or h be5 expos$ to su* incessant & v9dictive obloquy1 f m5 ( e description1 9 return = 8 unremitt+ ex]tions 9 ! cause ( tru?2 yet none h m uni=mly proce$$ ) a s+le eye1 reg>dless ( consequ5ces1 to act z 8 conviction impell$ him1 & 8 consci5ce dictat$4 ,8 conduct br\ght ) x its own rew>d1 reputation & respect f ! mo/ em95t ( 8 contempor>ies1 ! affectionate atta*m5t ( mo/ valuable fri5ds1 & a *e]fulness ( disposition aris+ 9 "p f consci\s rectitude :i* no mis=tunes c\ld long repress4 ,b to me x seems1 t consci\s rectitude alone w\ld h>dly1 ( itself1 h be5 able to support him "u "s ( ! afflictions he 0 doom$ to be>4 ,he _h a f>!r res\rce1 to him nev] fail+ & invaluable1 a firm p]suasion ( ! b5evol5ce ( ! ,almighty t[>ds all 8 creatures1 & ! conviction t e "p ( 8 own life1 l e "p ( ! :ole sy/em1 0 preorda9$ = ! be/ ^u ! :ole ( exi/5ce4 ,_h he ent]ta9$ ! gloomy notions ( ,calv9ism 9 :i* he 0 br\ght up1 ?is *e]+ s\rce ( cont5tm5t & resignation w\ld probably h fail$ him1 & irritation & despond5cy w\ld h ga9$ an unhappy asc5dancy4 ,b by him ! deity 0 n reg>d$ z an av5g+ tyrant1 puni%+1 = ! sake ( puni%+ 8 weak & imp]fect creatures1 b z a wise & k9d p>5t1 inflict+ ^? corrections only t are necess>y to br+ our dispositions to ! prop] temp]1 & to fit u = ! highe/ /ate ( happ9ess ( :i* our natures are ultimately capable4 ,) ^! views ( ! pres5t & ! future1 x is no wond] t he submitt$ ) p]fect resignation to ! inevitable vicissitudes ( human life1 & look$ =w>d to futurity1 z a p]iod ( exi/5ce :5 8 capacity = receiv+ happ9ess w\ld be great] because 8 capacity = communicat+ x w\ld be enl>g$4 ,my fa!r's n>rative clos+ ) 8 arrival 9 ?is c\ntry1 :]e he has done s mu* = ! promotion ( useful k ( all k9ds1 ,i h compleat$ ! acc\nt ( 8 life f t p]iod to ! t]m9ation ( x4 ,! ,notes h be5 add$ to ! n>rative z desireable illu/rations ( ! passages to :i* !y ref]4 ,i h likewise ?\ght x prop] to add a review ( my fa!r's lit]>y lab\rs1 9 ord] to give ! read] a k ( 8 op9ions on _m important subjects1 likewise1 ( ! %>e 9 ! increase ( human k1 :i* may be ju/ly ascrib$ to 8 ex]tions4 ,! ,app5dices giv+ an acc\nt ( 8 ,*emical1 ,philosophical1 ,metaphysical1 ,political & ,miscellane\s writ+s1 z well z ! ,summ>y ( 8 religi\s op9ions1 are writt5 by my fri5d ,judge ,coop]1 =m]ly ( ,man*e/] 9 ,engl&4 ,= ! ,app5dix conta9+ an analysis ( my fa!r's ,!ological writ+s1 ,i am indebt$ to ! ,rev4 ,w4 ,*ri/ie1 =m]ly ( ,montrose 9 ,scotl&4 ,! "w might h be5 made m int]e/+ z well z ent]ta9+1 _h ,i deem$ myself at lib]ty to h publi%$ lett]s address$ to my fa!r by p]sons ( em95ce 9 ?is c\ntry1 z well z 9 ,europe4 ,b ^? communications t 7 int5d$ to be private1 %all rema9 s2 z ,i d n ?9k ,i h a "r to amuse ! public ei!r aga9/1 or )\t1 ! incl9ations ( ^? :o confid$ _! correspond5ce to 8 c>e4 ,i regret1 t m ( ! pres5t "w is n ! production ( my fa!r's p52 & ,i hope ! read] w make all[ance = ! imp]fection ( t portion ( x1 = :i* ,i h made myself responsible4 ,,joseph ,,prie/ley4 ,,nor?umb]l&1 ,,p5nsylvania1 ,may #a/1 #ahje4 ,,memoirs ,,( ,,dr4 ,,joseph ,,prie/ley4 ,,writt5 ,,by ,,himself4 ,hav+ ?\ght x "r to leave beh9d me "s acc\nt ( my fri5ds & b5efactors1 x is 9 a mann] necess>y t ,i also give "s acc\nt ( myself2 & z ! l has be5 done by _m p]sons1 & = reasons :i* po/]ity has approv$1 ,i make no f>!r apology = foll[+ _! example4 ,if my writ+s 9 g5]al h be5 useful to my cotempor>ies1 ,i hope t ?is acc\nt ( myself w n be )\t its use to ^? :o may come aft] me1 & especially 9 promot+ virtue & piety1 :i* ,i hope ,i may say x has be5 my c>e to practice myself1 z x has be5 my bus9ess to inculcate !m ^u o!rs4 ,my fa!r1 ,jonas ,prie/ley1 0 ! y\nge/ son ( ,joseph ,prie/ley1 a mak] & dress] ( wooll5 clo?4 ,8 fir/ wife1 my "m1 0 ! only *ild ( ,joseph ,swift1 a f>m] at ,%afton1 a village ab\t six miles s\? ea/ ( ,wakefield4 ,by ?is wife he _h six *ildr51 f\r sons & two daught]s4 ,i1 ! olde/1 0 born on ! ?irte5? ( ,m>*1 old /yle #agcc1 at ,fieldhead ab\t six miles s\? we/ ( ,le$s 9 ,york%ire4 ,my "m dy+ 9 #agdj1 my fa!r m>ri$ aga9 9 #agde1 & by 8 second wife _h ?ree daught]s4 ,my "m hav+ *ildr5 s fa/1 ,i 0 v soon committ$ to ! c>e ( h] fa!r1 & ) him ,i cont9u$ ) little int]ruption till my "m's dea?4 ,x is b little t ,i c recollect ( my "m4 ,i rememb]1 h[ev]1 t %e 0 c>eful to tea* me ! ,assembly's ,cate*ism1 & to give me ! be/ in/ructions ! little "t t ,i 0 at home4 ,once 9 p>ticul>1 :5 ,i 0 play+ ) a p91 %e ask$ me :]e ,i got x2 & on tell+ h] t ,i f\nd x at my uncle's1 :o liv$ v ne> to my fa!r1 & :]e ,i _h be5 play+ ) my c\s9s1 %e made me c>ry x back aga92 no d\bt to impress my m9d1 z x c\ld n fail to d1 ) a cle> idea ( ! di/9ction ( prop]ty1 & ( ! importance ( att5d+ to x4 ,%e di$ 9 ! h>d w9t] ( #agci1 n long aft] be+ deliv]$ ( my y\nge/ bro!r2 & hav+ dream$ a little be=e h] dea? t %e 0 9 a delightful place1 :i* %e p>ticul>ly describ$1 & imag9$ to be heav51 ! la/ words %e spake1 z my aunt in=m$ me1 7 8,let me g to t f9e place40 ,on ! dea? ( my "m ,i 0 tak5 home1 my bro!rs tak+ my place1 & 0 s5t to s*ool 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,b be+ )\t a "m1 & my fa!r incumb]$ ) a l>ge family1 a si/] ( my fa!r's1 9 ! ye> #agdb1 reliev$ him ( all c>e ( me1 by tak+ me entirely to h]self1 & consid]+ me z h] *ild1 hav+ none ( h] own4 ,f ?is "t %e 0 truly a p>5t to me till h] dea? 9 #agfd4 ,my aunt 0 m>ri$ to a ,mr4 ,keighly1 a man :o _h di/+ui%$ himself = 8 zeal = religion & = 8 public _s4 ,he 0 also a man ( consid]able prop]ty1 & dy+ soon aft] ,i w5t to !m1 left ! greate/ "p ( 8 =tune to my aunt = life1 & mu* ( x at h] disposal aft] h] dea?4 ,by ?is truly pi\s & excell5t woman1 :o knew no o!r use ( weal?1 or ( tal5ts ( any k9d1 ?an to d good1 & :o nev] sp>$ h]self = ?is purpose1 ,i 0 s5t to sev]al s*ools 9 ! neighb\rhood1 especially to a l>ge free s*ool1 "u ! c>e ( a cl]gyman1 ,mr4 ,hague1 "u :om1 at ! age ( twelve or fifte51 ,i fir/ began to make any progress 9 ! ,lat9 ,tongue1 & acquir$ ! elem5ts ( ,greek4 ,b ab\t ! same "t t ,i began to le>n ,greek at ?is public s*ool1 ,i le>n$ ,hebrew on holidays ( ! diss5t+ m9i/] ( ! place1 ,mr4 ,kirkby1 & ^u ! removal ( ,mr4 ,hague f ! free s*ool1 ,mr4 ,kirkby op5+ a s*ool ( 8 own1 ,i 0 :olly "u 8 c>e4 ,) ?is in/ruction ,i _h acquir$ a pretty good k ( ! le>n$ languages at ! age ( sixte54 ,b f ?is "t ,mr4 ,kirkby's increas+ infirmities oblig$ him to rel9qui% 8 s*ool1 & beg9n+ to be ( a weakly consumptive habit1 s t x 0 n ?\ght adviseable to s5d me to any o!r place ( education1 ,i 0 left to conduct my /udies z well z ,i c\ld till ,i w5t to ! academy at ,dav5try 9 ! ye> #ageb4 ,f ! "t ,i discov]$ any fondness = books my aunt ent]ta9$ hopes ( my be+ a m9i/]1 & ,i readily ent]$ into h] views4 ,b my ill heal? oblig$ me to turn my ?\ghts ano!r way1 & ) a view to trade1 ,i le>n$ ! mod]n languages1 ,fr5*1 ,italian1 & ,high ,dut* )\t a ma/]2 & 9 ! fir/ & la/ ( !m ,i translat$1 & wrote lett]s1 = an uncle ( m9e :o 0 a m]*ant1 & :o int5d$ to put me into a c\nt+ h\se 9 ,lisbon4 ,a h\se 0 actually engag$ to receive me !re1 & e ?+ 0 ne>ly ready = my und]tak+ ! voyage4 ,b gett+ bett] heal? my =m] de/9ation = ! m9i/ry 0 resum$1 & ,i 0 s5t to ,dav5try1 to /udy "u ,mr4 ,a%wor?1 aft]w>ds ,dr4 ,a%wor?4 ,look+ back1 z ,i (t5 d1 ^u ?is p]iod ( my life1 ,i see ! greate/ reason to be ?ankful to ,god = ! pi\s c>e ( my p>5ts & fri5ds1 9 giv+ me religi\s in/ruction4 ,my "m 0 a woman ( exempl>y piety1 & my fa!r also _h a /rong s5se ( religion1 pray+ ) 8 family morn+ & ev5+1 & c>efully tea*+ 8 *ildr5 & s]vants ! ,assembly's ,cate*ism1 :i* 0 all ! sy/em ( :i* he _h any k4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( 8 life he became v fond ( ,mr4 ,:itfield's writ+s1 & o!r works ( a simil> k9d1 hav+ be5 br\ght up 9 ! pr9ciples ( ,calv9ism1 & adopt+ !m1 b )\t ev] giv+ mu* att5tion to matt]s ( speculation1 & ent]ta9+ no bigott$ av]sion to ^? :o diff]$ f him on ! subject4 ,! same 0 ! case ) my excell5t aunt1 %e 0 truly ,calv9i/ic 9 pr9ciple1 b 0 f> f conf9+ salvation to ^? :o ?\ght z %e did on religi\s subjects4 ,be+ left 9 good circum/ances1 h] home 0 ! resort ( all ! diss5t+ m9i/]s 9 ! neighb\rhood )\t di/9ction1 & ^? :o 7 ! mo/ obnoxi\s on acc\nt ( _! h]esy 7 almo/ z welcome to h]1 if %e ?\ght !m hone/ & good m51 7:i* %e 0 n unwill+ to d7 z any o!rs4 ,! mo/ h]etical m9i/]s 9 ! neighb\rhood 7 ,mr4 ,graham ( ,halifax1 & ,mr4 ,walk] ( ,le$s1 b !y 7 frequ5tly my ,aunt's gue/s4 ,) ! =m] ( ^! my intimacy grew ) my ye>s1 b *iefly aft] ,i became a prea*]4 ,we kept up a correspond5ce to ! la/1 ?9k+ alike on mo/ subjects4 ,to him ,i d$icat$ my ,disquisitions on ,matt] & ,_s1 & :5 he di$1 he left me 8 manuscripts1 8 ,polyglot bible1 & two hundr$ p\nds4 ,besides be+ a rational ,*ri/ian1 he 0 an excell5t classical s*ol>1 & wrote ,lat9 ) great facility & elegance4 ,he frequ5tly wrote to me 9 t language4 ,?us ,i 0 br\ght up ) s5tim5ts ( piety1 b )\t bigotry1 & hav+ f my e>lie/ ye>s giv5 mu* att5tion to ! subject ( religion1 ,i 0 z mu* confirm$ z ,i well c\ld be 9 ! pr9ciples ( ,calv9ism1 all ! books t came 9 my way hav+ t t5d5cy4 ,! weakness ( my con/itution1 :i* (t5 l$ me to ?9k t ,i %\ld n be long liv$1 contribut$ to give my m9d a /ill m s]i\s turn1 & hav+ read _m books ( exp]i5ces1 & 9 consequ5ce believ+ t a new bir? produc$ by ! imm$iate ag5cy ( ! ,_s ( ,god1 0 necess>y to salvation1 & n be+ able to satisfy myself t ,i _h exp]i5c$ any ?+ ( ! k9d1 ,i felt occasionally su* di/ress ( m9d z x is n 9 my p[] to describe1 & :i* ,i /ill look back ^u ) horror4 ,not)/&+ ,i _h no?+ v mat]ial to reproa* myself )1 ,i (t5 conclud$ t ,god _h =sak5 me1 & t m9e 0 l ! case ( ,francis ,spira1 to :om1 z he imag9$1 rep5tance & salvation 7 d5i$4 ,9 t /ate ( m9d ,i rememb] read+ ! acc\nt ( ! man 9 ! iron cage 9 ! ,pilgrim's ,progress ) ! greate/ p]turbation4 ,i imag9e t ev5 ^! conflicts ( m9d 7 n )\t _! use1 z !y l$ me to ?9k habitually ( ,god & a future /ate4 ,& ?\gh my feel+s 7 !n1 no d\bt1 too full ( t]ror1 :at rema9$ ( !m 0 a deep rev]5ce = div9e ?+s1 & 9 "t a pleas+ satisfaction :i* c nev] be effac$1 & ,i hope1 0 /r5g!n$ z ,i h advanc$ 9 life1 & acquir$ m rational notions ( religion4 ,! remembrance1 h[ev]1 ( :at ,i sometimes felt 9 t /ate ( ignorance & d>kness gives me a peculi> s5se ( ! value ( rational pr9ciples ( religion1 & ( :i* ,i c give b an imp]fect description to o!rs4 ,z tru?1 we _c d\bt1 mu/ h an advantage ov] error1 we may conclude t ! want ( ^! peculi> feel+s is comp5sat$ by some?+ ( great] value1 :i* arises to o!rs f always hav+ se5 ?+s 9 a j & pleas+ light2 f hav+ always consid]$ ! ,supreme ,be+ z ! k9d p>5t ( all 8 (fspr+4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 n hav+ be5 my case1 ,i _c be s good a judge ( ! effects ( x4 ,at all ev5ts1 we ought always to inculcate j views ( ?+s1 assur+ ourselves t prop] feel+s & "r conduct w be ! consequ5ce ( !m4 ,9 ! latt] "p ( ! int]val betwe5 my leav+ ! gramm> s*ool & go+ to ! academy1 :i* 0 some?+ m ?an two ye>s1 ,i att5d$ two days 9 ! week ^u ,mr4 ,hagg]/one1 a diss5t+ m9i/] 9 ! neighb\rhood1 :o _h be5 educat$ "u ,mr4 ,maclaur94 ,( him ,i le>n$ ,geometry1 ,algebra & v>i\s bran*es ( ,ma!matics1 !oretical & practical4 ,& at ! same "t ,i read1 b ) little assi/ance f him1 ,graves5d's ,elem5ts ( ,natural ,philosophy1 ,watt's ,logic1 ,locke's ,essay on ! ,human ,und]/&+1 c1 & made su* a pr(ici5cy 9 o!r bran*es ( le>n+1 t :5 ,i 0 admitt$ at ! academy 7:i* 0 on ,c[>d's f\ndation7 ,i 0 excus$ all ! /udies ( ! fir/ ye>1 & a great "p ( ^? ( ! second4 ,9 ! same int]val ,i sp5t ! latt] "p ( e week ) ,mr4 ,?omas1 a bapti/ m9i/] n[ ( ,bri/ol b !n ( ,gild]some1 a village ab\t f\r miles f ,le$s1 :o _h _h no le>n$ education4 ,him ,i in/ruct$ 9 ,hebrew1 & by t means made myself a consid]able pr(ici5t 9 t language4 ,at ! same "t ,i le>n$ ,*aldee & ,syriac1 & j began to read ,arabic4 ,^u ! :ole1 go+ to ! academy lat] ?an is usual1 & be+ !reby bett] furni%$1 ,i 0 qualifi$ to appe> !re ) great] advantage4 ,be=e ,i w5t f home ,i 0 v desir\s ( be+ admitt$ a communicant 9 ! congregation :i* ,i _h always att5d$1 & ! old m9i/]1 z well z my ,aunt1 7 z desir\s ( x z myself1 b ! eld]s ( ! ,*ur*1 :o _h ! gov]nm5t ( x1 refus$ me1 because1 :5 !y int]rogat$ me on ! subject ( ! s9 ( ,adam1 ,i appe>$ n to be q or?odox1 n ?9k+ t all ! human race 7suppos+ !m n to h any s9 ( _! own7 7 liable to ! wra? ( ,god1 & ! pa9s ( hell = ev]1 on acc\nt ( t s9 only2 = su* 0 ! "q t 0 put to me4 ,"s "t be=e1 hav+ !n no d\bt ( ! tru? ( ! doctr9e1 ,i well rememb] be+ mu* di/ress$ t ,i c\ld n feel a prop] rep5tance = ! s9 ( ,adam2 tak+ x = grant$ t )\t ?is x c\ld n be =giv5 me4 ,mr4 ,hagg]/one above m5tion$1 0 a little m lib]al ?an ! memb]s ( ! congregation 9 :i* ,i 0 br\ght up1 be+ :at is call$ a ,baxt]ian2#a & 8 g5]al conv]sation _h a lib]al turn1 & su* z t5d$ to und]m9e my prejudices4 ,b :at contribut$ to op5 my eyes /ill m 0 ! conv]sation ( a ,mr4 ,walk]1 f ,a%ton "u l9e1 :o prea*$ z a c&idate :5 our old m9i/] 0 sup]annuat$4 ,he 0 an av[$ ,baxt]ian1 & be+ reject$ on t acc\nt 8 op9ions 7 mu* canvass$1 & he be+ a gue/ at ! h\se ( my ,aunt1 we soon became v intimate1 & ,i ?\ght ,i saw mu* ( reason 9 8 s5tim5ts4 ,?9k+ f>!r on ^! subjects1 ,i 01 be=e ,i w5t to ! academy1 an ,arm9ian1 b _h by no means reject$ ! doctr9e ( ! tr9ity1 or t ( atonem5t4 #a ,,baxt]ians1 ,! fam\s ,non-con=mi/ ,ri*>d ,baxt] :o fl\ri%$ ab\t ! middle ( ! la/ ,c5tury1 attempt$ a ,coalition betwe5 ! doctr9es ( ,calv9 & ,arm9ius4 ,! =m] ( ^! held t ,god f ! beg9n+ _h elect$ a few ( ! human race to be sav$1 )\t ref]5ce to _! good actions 9 ?is life1 & _h left ! re/ ( mank9d 9 a /ate ( f9al & inevitable reprobation4 ,! latt] 0 ( op9ion t ! ,*ri/ian disp5sation furni%$ ! means ( f9al ,salvation to all m51 ?\gh ! m]its ( ! dea? ( ,*ri/ w\ld be ultimately advantage\s to believ]s only4 ,baxt]1 ?\ght ) ,calv9 t "s among mank9d 7 f ! beg9n+ elect$ unto et]nal life1 & gift$ f above ) ! sav+ grace necess>y 9 ! fir/ in/ance to ! sev]al /eps ( a believ]'s *ri/ian "*2 b he ?\ght also ) ,arm9ius t all m5 _h common grace imp>t$ to !m1 suffici5t to enable !m if !y *ose1 to atta9 unto f9al ,salvation by us+ ! means orda9$ by ,*ri/ & 8 ,apo/les4 ,calv9 also held ! f9al p]sev]ance ( ! ,sa9ts1 or z x has s9ce be5 express$ t a believ] might fall f\lly b n f9ally1 :]eas ,baxt] seems to h ?\ght t n e "o :o _h sav+ grace imp>t$ to him w\ld p]sev]e to ! end1 or z ! ,arm9ian ,me?odi/s qua9tly express x1 he held t a believ] may fall bo? f\lly & f9ally4 ,! compromis+ doctr9e ( ,baxt] may be se5 9 8 v le>n$ & un9telligible "w entitl$ ,ca?olick ,!ology4 ,he us$ to be an annual communicant 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& by way ( exemply+ 8 accommodat+ op9ions4 ,t4 ,c4 ,?\gh aft] ,i saw reason to *ange my op9ions ,i f\nd myself incommod$ by ! rig\r ( ! congregation ) :i* ,i 0 connect$1 ,i %all always ackn[l$ge ) great gratitude t ,i owe mu* to x4 ,! bus9ess ( religion 0 effectually att5d$ to 9 x4 ,we 7 all cate*iz$ 9 public 'till we 7 gr[n up1 s]vants z well z o!rs3 ! m9i/] always exp\nd$ ! scriptures ) z mu* regul>ity z he prea*$1 & !re 0 h>dly a day 9 ! week1 9 :i* !re 0 n "s meet+ ( "o or o!r "p ( ! congregation4 ,on "o ev5+ !re 0 a meet+ ( ! "y m5 = conv]sation & pray]4 ,?is ,i con/antly att5d$1 pray+ extempore ) o!rs :5 call$ ^u4 ,at my ,aunt's !re 0 a mon?ly meet+ ( wom51 :o acquitt$ !mselves 9 pray] z well z any ( ! m5 belong+ to ! congregation4 ,be+ at fir/ a *ild 9 ! family1 ,i 0 p]mitt$ to att5d _! meet+s1 & gr[+ up ins5sibly1 he>d !m aft] ,i 0 capable ( judg+4 ,my ,aunt aft] ! dea? ( h] husb&1 pray$ e morn+ & ev5+ 9 h] family1 until ,i 0 ab\t sev5te51 :5 t duty devolv$ ^u me4 ,! ,"l's day 0 kept ) peculi> /rictness4 ,no victuals 7 dress$ on t day 9 any family4 ,no memb] ( x 0 p]mitt$ to walk out = recreation1 b ! :ole ( ! day 0 sp5t at ! public meet+1 or at home 9 read+1 m$itation1 & pray]1 9 ! family or ! closet4 ,x 0 my cu/om at t "t to recollect z mu* z ,i c\ld ( ! s]mons ,i he>d1 & to commit x to writ+4 ,?is practice ,i began v e>ly1 & cont9u$ x until ,i 0 able f ! heads ( a disc\rse to supply ! re/ myself4 ,= n tr\bl+ myself to commit to memory mu* ( ! amplification1 & writ+ at home almo/ z mu* z ,i _h he>d1 ,i ins5sibly acquir$ a habit ( compos+ ) great read9ess2 & f ?is practice ,i believe ,i h d]iv$ great advantage ?r\gh life2 composition seldom employ+ s mu* "t z w\ld be necess>y to write 9 long h& any ?+ ,i h publi%$4 ,by ^! means1 n be+ disgu/$ ) ^! /rict =ms ( religion z _m p]sons ( bett] heal? & spirits probably might h be5 7& on :i* acc\nt ,i am f> f recomm5d+ ! same /rictness to o!rs7 ,i acquir$ 9 e>ly life a s]i\s turn ( m9d4 ,among o!r ?+s ,i _h at ?is "t a great av]sion to ,plays & ,romances1 s t ,i nev] read any works ( ?is k9d except ,rob9son ,crusoe1 until ,i w5t to ! academy4 ,i well rememb] see+ my bro!r ,timo?y read+ a book ( ,knight ,errantry1 & ) great indignation ,i snat*$ x out ( 8 h&s1 & ?rew x away4 ,?is bro!r aft]w>ds1 :5 he _h = "s "t foll[$ my fa!r's bus9ess 7:i* 0 t ( a ,clo?-dress]7 became1 if possible1 m s]i\s ?an ,i _h be52 & aft] an imp]fect education1 took up ! pr(ession ( a m9i/] among ! ,indep5d5ts1 9 :i* he n[ cont9ues4 ,:ile ,i 0 at ! ,gramm> ,s*ool ,i le>n$ ,mr4 ,annet's ,%ort h&1 & ?9k+ ,i c\ld sugge/ "s improvem5ts 9 x1 ,i wrote to ! ,au?or1 & ?is 0 ! beg9n+ ( a correspond5ce :i* la/$ sev]al ye>s4 ,he 01 z ,i ev] p]ceiv$1 an unbeliev] 9 ,*ri/ianity & a necess>ian4 ,on ?is subject sev]al lett]s1 writt5 ) c>e on bo? sides1 pass$ betwe5 u1 & ^! ,mr4 ,annet (t5 press$ me to give him leave to publi%1 b ,i con/antly refus$4 ,i _h und]tak5 ! def5ce ( ,philosophical ,lib]ty1 & ! correspond5ce 0 clos$ )\t my be+ conv9c$ ( ! fallacy ( my argum5ts1 ?\gh ^u /udy+ ! subject regul>ly1 9 ! c\rse ( my academical education aft]w>ds1 ,i became a confirm$ ,necess>ian1 & ,i h ?r\gh life d]iv$1 z ,i imag9e1 ! greate/ advantage f my full p]suasion ( ! tru? ( t doctr9e4 ,my ,aunt1 & all my relations1 be+ /rict ,calv9i/s1 x 0 _! int5tion to s5d me to ! academy at ,mile-end1 !n "u ! c>e ( ,dr4 ,cawd]4 ,b1 be+ at t "t an ,arm9ian1 ,i resolutely oppos$ x1 especially ^u f9d+ t if ,i w5t ?i!r1 besides giv+ an exp]i5ce1 ,i mu/ subscribe my ass5t to t5 pr9t$ articles ( ! /ricte/ calv9i/ic fai?1 & repeat x e six mon?s4 ,my opposition1 h[ev]1 w\ld probable h be5 to no purpose1 & ,i mu/ h adopt$ "s o!r mode ( life1 if ,mr4 ,kirkby above m5tion$ _h n int]pos$1 & /rongly recomm5d$ ! academy ( ,dr4 ,doddridge1 on ! idea t ,i %\ld h a bett] *ance ( be+ made a s*ol>4 ,he _h receiv$ a good education himself1 0 a good classical s*ol>1 & _h no op9ion ( ! mode ( education among ! v or?odox ,diss5t]s1 & be+ fond ( me1 he 0 desir\s ( my hav+ e advantage t c\ld be procur$ = me4 ,my good ,aunt1 n be+ a bigott$ ,calv9i/1 ent]$ into 8 views1 & ,dr4 ,doddridge be+ dead1 ,i 0 s5t to ,dav5try1 & 0 ! fir/ pupil t ent]$ !re4 ,my ,/ep-"m also1 :o 0 a woman ( good s5se1 z well z ( religion1 _h a high op9ion ( ,dr4 ,doddridge1 hav+ be5 sometime h\sekeep] 9 8 family4 ,%e _h always recomm5d$ 8 ,academy1 b di$ be=e ,i w5t ?i!r4 ,?ree ye>s1 viz4 f ,septemb] #ageb to #agee1 ,i sp5t at ,dav5try ) t peculi> satisfaction ) :i* "y p]sons ( g5]\s m9ds usually g ?r\gh a c\rse ( lib]al /udy1 9 ! society ( o!rs engag$ 9 ! same pursuits1 & free f ! c>es & anxieties :i* seldom fail to lay hold on !m :5 !y come out into ! _w4 ,9 my "t1 ! academy 0 9 a /ate peculi>ly favorable to ! s]i\s pursuit ( tru?1 z ! /ud5ts 7 ab\t equally divid$ ^u e "q ( mu* importance1 su* z ,lib]ty & ,necessity1 ! ,sleep ( ! s\l1 & all ! articles ( !ological or?odoxy & h]esy2 9 consequ5ce ( :i* all ^! topics 7 ! subject ( cont9ual discussion4 ,our tutors also 7 ( diff]5t op9ions2 ,dr4 ,a%wor? tak+ ! or?odox side ( e "q1 & ,mr4 ,cl>k1 ! sub-tutor1 t ( h]esy1 ?\gh always ) ! greate/ mode/y4 ,bo? ( our tutors be+ "y1 at lea/ z tutors1 & "s ( ! s5ior /ud5ts excell+ m ?an !y c\ld pret5d to d 9 sev]al bran*es ( /udy1 !y indulg$ u 9 ! greate/ fre$oms1 s t our lectures _h (t5 ! air ( fri5dly conv]sations on ! subjects to :i* !y relat$4 ,we 7 p]mitt$ to ask :atev] que/ions1 & to make :atev] rem>ks1 we pleas$2 & we did x ) ! greate/1 b )\t any (f5sive1 fre$om4 ,! g5]al plan ( our /udies1 :i* may be se5 9 ,dr4 ,doddridge's publi%$ lectures1 0 exce$+ly fav\rable to free enquiry1 z we 7 ref]r$ to au?ors on bo? sides ( e "q1 & 7 ev5 requir$ to give an acc\nt ( !m4 ,x 0 also expect$ t we %\ld abridge ! mo/ important ( !m = our future use4 ,! public libr>y conta9$ all ! books to :i* we 7 ref]r$4 ,x 0 a ref]5ce to ,dr4 ,h>tley's ,obs]vations on ,man 9 ! c\rse ( our ,lectures1 t fir/ br\ght me acqua9t$ ) t p]=mance1 :i* imm$iately engag$ my close/ att5tion1 & produc$ ! greate/1 & 9 my op9ion ! mo/ fav\rable effect on my g5]al turn ( ?9k+ ?ro' life4 ,x e/abli%$ me 9 ! belief ( ! doctr9e ( ,necessity1 :i* ,i fir/ le>n$ f ,coll9s2 x greatly improv$ t disposition to piety :i* ,i br\ght to ! academy1 & fre$ x f t rig\r ) :i* x _h be5 t9ctur$4 ,inde$1 ,i d n "k :e!r ! consid]ation ( ,dr4 ,h>tley's !ory contributes m to enlight5 ! m9d1 or improve ! he>t2 x effects bo? 9 s sup]-em95t a degree4 ,9 ?is situation1 ,i saw reason to embrace :at is g5]ally call$ ! het]odox side ( almo/ e "q4#b ,b not)/&+ ?is1 & ?\gh ,dr4 ,a%wor? 0 e>ne/ly desir\s to make me z or?odox z possible1 yet1 z my behavi\r 0 unexceptionable1 & z ,i g5]ally took 8 "p 9 "s little ?+s by :i* he (t5 drew ^u himself ! ill-w ( _m ( ! /ud5ts1 ,i 0 ^u ! :ole a fav\rite ) him4 ,i kept up m or less ( a correspond5ce ) ,dr4 ,a%wor? till ! "t ( 8 dea?1 ?\gh mu* m s ) ,mr4 ,cl>k4 ,?is cont9u$ till ! v week ( 8 melan*oly dea? by a fall f 8 horse at ,birm+ham1 :]e he 0 m9i/]4 #b ,x w be se5 9 ! c\rse ( ^! memoirs t f "t to "t z deep] reflection & m ext5sive read+ incit$ him1 he saw reason to give up almo/ all ! peculi> !ological & metaphysical op9ions :i* he _h imbib$ 9 e>ly y\?2 "s ( !m ) consid]able difficulty1 & all ( !m at ! evid5t risk ( consid]able obloquy f ^? :om he highly respect$1 z well z f ^? on :om 8 int]e/ appe>$ to dep5d4 ,t4 ,c4 ,not)/&+ ! great fre$om ( our speculations & debates1 ! extreme ( h]esy among u 0 ,arianism2 & all ( u1 ,i believe1 left ! academy ) a belief1 m or less qualifi$1 ( ! doctr9e ( atonem5t4 ,w>m fri5d%ips nev] fail to be contract$ at places ( lib]al education2 & :5 !y are well *os5 are ( s+ul> use2 ,su* 0 m9e ) ,mr4 ,alex&] ( ,birm+ham4 ,we 7 9 ! same class1 & dur+ ! fir/ ye> occupi$ ! same room4 ,by engagem5ts betwe5 ourselves we rose e>ly1 & dispat*$ _m articles ( bus9ess e day4 ,"o ( !m1 :i* cont9u$ all ! "t we 7 at ! academy1 0 to read e day t5 folio pages 9 "s ,greek au?or1 & g5]ally a ,greek play 9 ! c\rse ( ! week besides4 ,by ?is means we became v well acqua9t$ ) t language1 & ) ! mo/ valuable au?ors 9 x4 ,?is ex]cise we cont9u$ long aft] we left ! academy1 communicat+ to ea* o!r by lett] an acc\nt ( :at we read4 ,my life becom+ m occupi$ ?an 81 he cont9u$ 8 application to ,greek long] ?an ,i did1 s t be=e 8 dea? he 01 ,i imag9e1 "o ( ! be/ ,greek s*ol>s 9 ?is or any o!r c\ntry4 ,my att5tion 0 always m drawn to ma!matical & philosophical /udies ?an 8 04 ,^! volunt>y engagem5ts 7 ! m necess>y1 9 ! c\rse ( our academical /udies1 z !re 0 !n no provision made = tea*+ ! le>n$ languages4 ,we _h ev5 no compositions1 or orations1 9 ,lat94 ,our c\rse ( lectures 0 also defective 9 conta9+ no lectures on ! scriptures1 or on ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 & by ! /ud5ts 9 g5]al 7& ,mr4 ,alex&] & myself 7 no exceptions7 comm5tators 9 g5]al & ecclesia/ical hi/ory also1 7 held 9 contempt4 ,on leav+ ! academy he w5t to /udy "u 8 uncle ,dr4 ,b5son1 & ) him le>n$ to value ! critical /udy ( ! scriptures s mu*1 t at l5g? he almo/ conf9$ 8 att5tion to !m4 ,my o!r p>ticul> fri5ds among my fell[ /ud5ts 7 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,holl&1 ( my own class1 ,messrs4 ,:itehead1 ,smi?son1 ,ro!rham1 & ,s*olefield 9 t above me1 & ,mr4 ,taylor 9 t bel[ me4 ,) all ^! ,i kept up m or less ( a correspond5ce1 & our fri5d%ip 0 t]m9at$ only by ! dea? ( ^? :o are n[ dead1 viz4 ! ?ree fir/ nam$ ( ^! six1 & ,i hope x w subsi/ to ! same p]iod ) ^? :o n[ survive4 ,all ! :ile ,i 0 at ! academy ,i nev] lo/ sight ( ! great object ( my /udies1 :i* 0 ! duties ( a *ri/ian m9i/]1 & !re x 0 t ,i laid ! g5]al plan :i* ,i h execut$ s9ce4 ,p>ticul>ly ,i !re compos$ ! fir/ copy ( my ,in/itutes ( ,natural & ,reveal$ ,religion1 ,mr4 ,cl>k1 to :om ,i communicat$ my s*eme1 c>efully p]us+ e section ( x1 & talk+ ov] ! subject ( x ) me4 ,b ,i 0 mu* disc\rag$ ev5 !n ) ! imp$im5t 9 my spee*1 :i* ,i inh]it$ f my family1 & :i* /ill att5ds me4 ,sometimes ,i absolutely /amm]$1 & my anxiety ab\t x 0 ! cause ( mu* di/ress to me4 ,h[ev]1 l ,/4 ,paul's ?orn 9 ! fle%1 ,i hope x has n be5 )\t its use4 ,)\t "s su* *eck z ?is1 ,i might h be5 disputati\s 9 company1 or might h be5 s$uc$ by ! love ( popul> applause z a prea*]3 :]eas my conv]sation & my deliv]y 9 ! pulpit hav+ no?+ 9 !m t 0 g5]ally /rik+1 ,i hope ,i h be5 m att5tive to qualifications ( a sup]ior k9d4 ,x is n1 ,i believe1 usual = "y p]sons 9 diss5t+ academies to ?9k mu* ( _! future situations 9 life4 ,inde$1 we are happily preclud$ f t by ! impossibility ( succe$+ 9 any application = p>ticul> places4 ,we (t51 inde$1 amus$ ourselves ) ! idea ( our disp]sion 9 all p>ts ( ! k+dom aft] liv+ s happily toge!r2 & us$ to propose plans ( meet+ at c]ta9 times1 & smile at ! diff]5t appe>ance we %\ld probably make aft] be+ t5 or tw5ty ye>s settl$ 9 ! _w4 ,b no?+ ( ?is k9d 0 ev] s]i\sly resolv$ ^u by u4 ,= my own "p1 ,i c truly say ,i _h v little ambition1 except to di/+ui% myself by my application to ! /udies prop] to my pr(ession2 & ,i *e]fully li/5$ to ! fir/ proposal t my tutor made to me1 9 consequ5ce ( an application made to him1 to provide a m9i/] = ! p ( ,ne$ham ,m>ket 9 ,suffolk1 ?\gh x 0 v remote f my fri5ds 9 ,york%ire1 & a v inconsid]able place4 ,:5 ,i w5t to prea* at ,ne$ham z a c&idate1 ,i f\nd a small congregation1 ab\t an hundr$ p2 "u a ,mr4 ,mead[s1 :o 0 sup]annuat$4 ,!y _h be5 )\t a m9i/] ! prec$+ ye>1 on acc\nt ( ! smallness ( ! sal>y2 b !re be+ "s respectable & agreeable families among !m1 ,i flatt]$ myself t ,i %\ld be useful & happy 9 ! place1 & !re=e accept$ ! unanim\s invitation to be assi/ant to ,mr4 ,mead[s1 ) a view to succe$ him :5 he di$4 ,he 0 a man ( "s =tune4 ,?is congregation _h be5 us$ to receive assi/ance f bo? ! ,presbyt]ian & ,indep5d5t funds2 b ^u my tell+ !m t ,i did n *use to h any ?+ to d ) ! ,indep5d5ts1 & ask+ !m :e!r !y 7 able to make up ! sal>y !y promis$ me 7:i* 0 =ty p\nds p] annum7 )\t any aid f ! latt] fund1 !y assur$ me !y c\ld4 ,i soon1 h[ev]1 f\nd t !y deceiv$ !mselves2 = ! mo/ t ,i ev] receiv$ f !m 0 9 ! proportion ( ab\t ?irty p\nds p] annum1 :5 ! exp5ce ( my bo>d exce$$ tw5ty p\nds4 ,not)/&+ ?is1 e ?+ else = ! fir/ half ye> appe>$ v promis+1 & ,i 0 happy 9 ! success ( my s*emes = promot+ ! int]e/ ( religion 9 ! place4 ,i cate*is$ ! *ildr51 ?\gh !re 7 n _m1 us+ ,dr4 ,watt's ,cate*ism2 & ,i op5$ my lectures on ! !ory ( religion f ! in/itutes1 :i* ,i _h compos$ at ! academy1 admitt+ all p]sons to att5d !m )\t di/9ction ( sex or age2 b 9 ?is ,i soon f\nd t ,i _h act$ imprud5tly4 ,a m9i/] 9 t neighb\rhood _h be5 oblig$ to leave 8 place on acc\nt ( ,arianism1 & ?\gh no?+ _h be5 said to me on ! subject1 & f ! p s readily cons5t+ to give up ! indep5d5t fund1 ,i ?\ght !y c\ld n h mu* bigotry among !m1 ,i f\nd t :5 ,i came to treat ( ! ,unity ( ,god1 m]ely z an article ( religion1 sev]al ( my audi5ce 7 att5tive to no?+ b ! s\ndness ( my fai? 9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,also1 ?\gh ,i _h made x a rule to myself to introduce no?+ t c\ld lead to controv]sy into ! pulpit2 yet mak+ no secret ( my real op9ions 9 conv]sation1 x 0 soon f\nd t ,i 0 an ,arian4 ,f ! "t ( ?is discov]y my he>]s fell (f apace1 especially z ! old m9i/] took a decid$ "p aga9/ me4 ,! pr9cipal families1 h[ev]1 /ill cont9u$ ) me2 b not)/&+ ?is1 my sal>y fell f> %ort ( ?irty p\nds p] annum1 & if x _h n be5 = ,dr4 ,b5son & ,dr4 ,kippis1 especially ! =m]1 procur+ me n[ & !n an extraord9>y five p\nds f diff]5t *>ities1 ,i d n believe t ,i c\ld h subsi/$4 ,i %all always rememb] _! k9dness to me1 at a "t :5 ,i /ood 9 s mu* ne$ ( x4 ,:5 ,i 0 9 ?is situation1 a neighb\r+ m9i/] ^: intimate fri5d _h con=m$ to ! *ur* ( ,engl&1 talk$ to me on t subject4 ,he himself1 ,i p]ceiv$1 _h no great objection to x1 b reject+ ! proposal1 z a ?+ t ,i c\ld n ?9k (1 he nev] m5tion$ x to me any m4 ,to ^! difficulties1 aris+ f ! s5tim5ts ( my congregation1 0 add$ t ( ! failure ( all remittances f my aunt1 ow+ 9 "p to ! ill (fices ( my or?odox relations2 b *iefly to h] be+ exhau/$ by h] lib]ality to o!rs1 & ?9k+ t :5 ,i 0 settl$ 9 ! _w1 ,i ought to be no long] burd5some to h]4 ,toge!r ) me %e _h br\ght up a niece1 :o 0 almo/ h] only companion1 & be+ de=m$1 c\ld n h subsi/$ )\t ! greate/ "p1 at lea/1 ( all %e _h to bequea?4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ^! circum/ances1 ?o' my aunt _h always assur$ me t1 if ,i *ose to be a m9i/]1 %e w\ld leave me indep5d5t ( ! pr(ession1 ,i 0 satisfi$ %e 0 n able to p]=m h] promise1 & freely cons5t$ to h] leav+ all %e _h to my c\s92 ,i _h only a silv] tank>d z a tok5 ( h] remembrance4 ,%e _h sp>$ no exp5ce 9 my education1 & t 0 do+ m = me ?an giv+ me an e/ate4 ,b :at contribut$ greatly to my di/ress 0 ! imp$im5t 9 my spee*1 :i* _h increas$ s mu* z to make prea*+ v pa9ful1 & took f me all *ance ( recomm5d+ myself to any bett] place4 ,9 ?is /ate1 he>+ ( ! proposal ( "o ,mr4 ,angi] to cure all defects ( spee*1 ,i prevail$ ^u my aunt to enable me to pay 8 price1 :i* 0 tw5ty gu9eas2 & ?is 0 ! fir/ occasion ( my visit+ ,london4 ,accord+ly1 ,i att5d$ him ab\t a mon?1 tak+ an oa? n to reveal 8 me?od1 & ,i receiv$ "s tempor>y b5efit2 b soon relaps$ aga91 & spoke worse ?an ev]4 ,:5 ,i w5t to ,london x 0 9 company ) ,mr4 ,smi?son1 :o 0 settl$ at ,h>le/[n 9 ,norfolk4 ,by him ,i 0 introduc$ to ,dr4 ,kippis & ,dr4 ,b5son1 & by ! latt] to ,dr4 ,price1 b n at t "t4 ,at ,ne$ham ,i felt ! effect ( a l[ despis$ situation1 toge!r ) t aris+ f ! want ( popul> tal5ts4 ,!re 7 sev]al vacancies 9 congregations 9 t neighb\rhood1 :]e my s5tim5ts w\ld h be5 no objection to me1 b ,i 0 nev] ?\ght (4 ,ev5 my next neighb\rs1 ^: s5tim5ts 7 z free z my own1 & kn[n to be s1 decl9$ mak+ ex*anges ) me1 :i*1 :5 ,i left t "p ( ! c\ntry1 he ackn[l$g$ 0 n ow+ to any dislike 8 p _h to me z h]etical1 b = o!r reasons1 ! m g5teel "p ( 8 he>]s always abs5t+ !mselves :5 !y he>d ,i 0 to prea* = him4 ,b visit+ t c\ntry "s ye>s aft]w>ds1 :5 ,i _h rais$ myself to "s degree ( notice 9 ! _w1 & be+ invit$ to prea* 9 t v pulpit1 ! same p cr[d$ to he> me1 ?\gh my elocution 0 n mu* improv$1 & !y pr(ess$ to admire "o ( ! same disc\rses !y _h =m]ly despis$4 ,not)/&+ ^! unfavorable circum/ances1 ,i 0 f> f be+ unhappy at ,ne$ham4 ,i 0 bo>d$ 9 a family f :i* ,i receiv$ mu* satisfaction1 ,i firmly believ$ t a wise provid5ce 0 dispos+ e ?+ = ! be/1 & ,i appli$ ) great assiduity to my /udies1 :i* 7 classical1 ma!matical & !ological4 ,^! requir$ b few books4 ,z to ,exp]im5tal ,philosophy1 ,i _h always cultivat$ an acqua9tance ) x1 b ,i _h n ! means ( prosecut+ x4 ,) respect to miscellane\s read+1 ,i 0 pretty well suppli$ by means ( a libr>y belong+ to ,mr4 ,s4 ,alex&]1 a quak]1#c to :i* ,i _h ! free/ access4 ,"h x 0 t ,i 0 fir/ acqua9t$ ) any p]son ( t p]suasion2 & ,i mu/ ackn[l$ge my obligation to _m ( !m 9 e future /age ( my life4 ,i h met ) ! noble/ in/ances ( lib]ality ( s5tim5t & ! true/ g5]osity among !m4 #c ,,quak]s4 ,t in/ances ( lib]ality ( s5tim5t ) respect to religi\s op9ion are frequ5tly to be f\nd among ! ,quak]s !re c be no d\bt1 b ?is is c]ta9ly no "p ( _! "* z a ,sect4 ,?omas ,let*wor? "o ( ! mo/ acute & +5i\s ( _! prea*]s at ,w&swor? ne> ,london1 :o f ! writ+s ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley _h become a firm conv]t to 8 ,unit>ian op9ions1 in=m$ me t ! expression ( ^? op9ions w\ld be att5d$ ) c]ta9 expulsion f ! ,society4 ,v lately ,hannah ,b]n>d1 a female public fri5d :o w5t f ,am]ica to ,engl&1 0 prohibit$ f prea*+ by ! ,society1 on acc\nt ( h] ,unit>ian doctr9es4 ,?omas ,let*wor? has be5 dead _m ye>s4 ,9 ! %ort conte/ on ! "q ( lib]ty & necessity :i* 0 occasion$ by ,toplady's life ( ,j]ome ,zan*ius1 he wrote a good def5ce ( ! doctr9e ( necessity sign$ ,phil>etes 9 answ] to "o f a disciple ( ,flet*]'s ( ,madely1 "u ! signature ( ,philaleu!ros4 ,!re is a trifl+ acc\nt ( him conta9+ no in=mation1 by "o ,william ,mat!ws4 ,t4 ,c4 ,my /udies h[ev]1 7 *iefly !ological4 ,hav+ left ! academy1 z ,i h obs]v$1 ) a qualifi$ belief ( ! doctr9e ( ,atonem5t1 su* z is f\nd 9 ,mr4 ,tomk9's book1 entitl$1 ,jesus ,*ri/ ! ,m$iator1 ,i 0 desir\s ( gett+ "s m def9ite ideas on ! subject1 & ) t view set myself to p]use ! :ole ( ! old & new te/am5t1 & to collect f !m all ! texts t appe>$ to me to h any relation to ! subject4 ,?is ,i !re=e did ) ! greate/ c>e1 arrang+ !m "u a great v>iety ( heads4 ,at ! same "t ,i did n fail to note su* g5]al consid]ations z occurr$ to me :ile ,i 0 ?us employ$4 ,! consequ5ce ( ?is 01 :at ,i _h no appreh5sion ( :5 ,i began ! "w1 viz4 a full p]suasion t ! doctr9e ( ,atonem5t1 ev5 9 its mo/ qualifi$ s5se1 _h no c\nt5ance ei!r f scripture or reason4 ,satisfi$ ( ?is1 ,i proce$$ to dige/ my obs]vations into a regul> treatise1 :i* a fri5d ( m9e1 )\t m5tion+ my "n1 submitt$ to ! p]usal ( ,dr4 ,flem+ & ,dr4 ,l>dn]4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 ,i 0 urg$ by !m to publi% ! great] "p ( :at ,i _h writt54 ,b be+ !n ab\t to leave ,ne$ham1 ,i desir$ !m to d :atev] !y ?\ght prop] ) respect to x1 & !y publi%$ ab\t half ( my piece1 "u ! title ( ! ,doctr9e ( ,remission1 c4 ,?is circum/ance introduc$ me to ! acqua9tance ( ,dr4 ,l>dn]1 :om ,i always call$ ^u :5 ,i visit$ ,london4 ,! la/ "t ,i saw him1 :i* 0 little m ?an a ye> be=e 8 dea?1 hav+ by lett] reque/$ him to give me "s assi/ance ) respect to ! hi/ory ,i !n prep>$ to write ( ! ,corruptions ( ,*ri/ianity1 & especially t article ( x1 he took d[n a l>ge bundle ( pamphlets1 & turn+ !m ov] at l5g? %ew+ me my own2 said1 8,?is conta9s my s5tim5ts on ! subject40 ,he _h !n =got t ,i wrote x1 & on my rem>k+ x1 he %ook 8 head1 & said t 8 memory began to fail him2 & t he _h tak5 me = ano!r p]son4 ,he 0 !n at ! advanc$ age ( n9ety "o4 ,?is anecdote is trifl+ 9 itself1 b x relates to a great & good man4 ,i h obs]v$ t ,dr4 ,l>dn] only wi%$ to publi% a "p ( ! treatise :i* my fri5d put into 8 h&4 ,! o!r "p ( x conta9$ rem>ks on ! reason+ ( ! apo/le ( ,paul1 :i* he c\ld n by any means approve4 ,!y 71 !re=e1 omitt$ 9 ?is publication4 ,b ! att5tion :i* ,i gave to ! writ+s ( ?is apo/le at ! "t t ,i exam9$ !m1 9 ord] to collect passages relat+ to ! doctr9e ( atonem5t1 satisfi$ me t 8 reason+ 0 9 _m places f> f be+ conclusive2 & 9 a sep>ate "w ,i exam9$ e passage 9 :i* 8 reason+ appe>$ to me to be defective1 or 8 conclusions ill support$2 & ,i ?\ght !m to be pretty num]\s4 ,at t "t ,i _h n read any comm5t>y on ! scriptures1 except t ( ,mr4 ,h5ry :5 ,i 0 "y4 ,h[ev]1 see+ s mu* reason to be dissatisfi$ ) ! apo/le ,paul z a reason]1 ,i read ,dr4 ,taylor's p>aphrase on ! epi/le to ! ,romans2 b x gave me no sort ( satisfaction2 & 8 g5]al ,key to ! epi/les /ill less4 ,i !re=e at t "t wrote "s rem>ks on x1 :i* 7 a long "t aft] publi%$ 9 ! ,!ological ,repository ,vol4 #d4 ,z ,i f\nd t ,dr4 ,l>dn] did n at all reli% any ( my obs]vations on ! imp]fections ( ! sacr$ writ]s1 ,i did n put ?is treatise into 8 h&s2 b ,i %ew$ x to "s ( my y\ng] fri5ds1 & also to ,dr4 ,kippis2 & he advis$ me to publi% x "u ! "* ( an unbeliev]1 9 ord] to draw ! m att5tion to x4 ,?is ,i did n *use1 hav+ always _h a great av]sion to assume any "* t 0 n my own1 ev5 s mu* z disput+ = ! sake ( discov]+ tru?4 ,i _c ev] say t ,i 0 q reconcil$ to ! idea ( writ+ to a fictiti\s p]son1 z 9 my lett]s to a philosophical unbeliev]1 ?\gh no?+ c be m innoc5t1 or sometimes m prop]2 our ,savi\r's p>ables imply+ a mu* great] dep>ture f /rict tru? ?an ^? lett]s d4 ,i !re=e wrote ! book ) great fre$om1 inde$1 b z a *ri/ian1 & an admir] ( ! apo/le ,paul1 z ,i always 0 9 o!r respects4 ,:5 ,i 0 at ,nantwi* ,i s5t ?is treatise to ! press2 b :5 n9e %eets 7 pr9t$ (f1 ,dr4 ,kippis dissuad$ me f proce$+1 or f publi%+ any ?+ ( ! k9d1 until ,i %\ld be m kn[n1 & my "* bett] e/abli%$4 ,i !re=e desi/$2 b :5 ,i op5$ ! !ological ,repository1 ,i ins]t$ 9 t "w e ?+ t 0 ( mu* consequ5ce 9 ! o!r1 9 ord] to its be+ submitt$ to ! exam9ation ( le>n$ *ri/ians4 ,accord+ly ^! communications 7 p>ticul>ly animadv]t$ ^u by ,mr4 ,willet ( ,newca/le1 "u ! signature ( ,w4 ,w4 ,b ,i _c say t 8 rem>ks gave me mu* satisfaction4 ,:5 ,i 0 at ,ne$ham ,i likewise drew up a treatise on ! doctr9e ( div9e influ5ce1 hav+ collect$ a numb] ( texts = t purpose1 & arrang$ !m "u prop] heads1 z ,i _h done ^? relat+ to ! doctr9e ( atonem5t4 ,b ,i publi%$ no?+ relat+ to x until ,i made use ( "s ( ! obs]vations 9 my s]mon on t subject1 deliv]$ at an ord9ation1 & publi%$ _m ye>s aft]w>ds4 ,:ile ,i 0 9 ?is retir$ situation1 ,i _h1 9 consequ5ce ( mu* pa9s & ?\ght1 become p]suad$ ( ! falsity ( ! doctr9e ( atonem5t1 ( ! inspiration ( ! au?ors ( ! books ( scripture z writ]s1 & ( all idea ( sup]natural influ5ce1 except = ! purpose ( miracles4 ,b ,i 0 /ill an ,arian1 hav+ nev] turn$ my att5tion to ! ,soc9ian doctr9e1 & cont5t+ myself ) see+ ! absurdity ( ! tr9it>ian sy/em4 ,ano!r task t ,i impos$ on myself1 & 9 "p execut$ at ,ne$ham1 0 an accurate comp>ison ( ! ,hebrew text ( ! hagiographa & ! prophets ) ! v]sion ( ! ,septuag9t1 not+ all ! v>iations1 c4 ,?is ,i _h ab\t half f9i%$ be=e ,i left t place2 & ,i nev] resum$ x1 except to d t occasionally = p>ticul> passages1 :i* ,i !n began1 ?\gh ) _m disadvantages1 ) a design to g ?r\gh ! :ole4 ,i _h no ,polyglot ,bible1 & c\ld h little help f ! lab\rs ( o!rs4 ,! mo/ le>n$ ( my acqua9tance 9 ?is situation 0 ,mr4 ,scott ( ,ipswi*1 :o 0 well v]s$ 9 ! ,ori5tal languages1 especially ! ,arabic4 ,b ?\gh he 0 f> f be+ ,calv9i/ical1 he gave me no enc\ragem5t 9 ! v free enquiries :i* ,i !n ent]$ ^u4 ,be+ exclud$ f all communication ) ! m or?odox m9i/]s 9 t "p ( ! c\ntry1 all my acqua9tance among ! diss5t+ m9i/]s1 besides ,mr4 ,scott1 7 ,mr4 ,taylor ( ,/[-m>ket1 ,mr4 ,dick9son ( ,diss1 & ,mr4 ,smi?son ( ,h>le/one2 & x is r rem>kable1 t we all left t c\ntry 9 ! c\rse ( ! same ye>2 ,mr4 ,taylor remov+ to ,c>t]'s lane 9 ,london1 ,mr4 ,dick9son to ,%effield1 & ,mr4 ,smi?son to ,nott+ham4 ,b ,i 0 v happy 9 a great degree ( intimacy ) ,mr4 ,*auvet1 ! rector ( ,/[-m>ket4 ,he 0 desc5d$ ( ,fr5* p>5ts2 & ,i ?9k 0 n born 9 ,engl&4 ,:il/ he liv$ we 7 nev] long )\t see+ ea* o!r4 ,b he 0 subject to great unev5ness ( spirits1 sometimes ! mo/ *e>ful man liv+1 & at o!r times mo/ deplorably l[4 ,9 "o ( ^! fits he at l5g? put an end to 8 life4 ,i he>d aft]w>ds t he _h at "o "t be5 conf9$ = insanity1 & _h ev5 made ! same attempt "s "t be=e4 ,l mo/ o!r "y m5 ( a lib]al education1 ,i _h conceiv$ a great av]sion to ! bus9ess ( a s*oolma/]1 & _h (t5 said1 t ,i w\ld h rec\rse to any ?+ else = a ma9t5ance 9 pref]5ce to x4 ,b hav+ no o!r res\rce1 ,i 0 at l5g? compell$ by necessity to make "s attempt 9 t way2 & = ?is purpose ,i pr9t$ & di/ribut$ ,proposals1 b )\t any effect4 ,n t ,i 0 ?\ght to be unqualifi$ = ?is employm5t1 b because ,i 0 n or?odox4 ,i _h propos$ to tea* ! classics1 ma!matics1 c4 = half a gu9ea p] qu>t]1 & to bo>d ! pupils 9 ! h\se ) myself = twelve gu9eas p] annum4 ,f9d+ ?is s*eme n to answ]1 ,i propos$ to give lectures to gr[n p]sons 9 su* bran*es ( sci5ce z ,i c\ld conv5i5tly procure ! means ( do+2 & ,i began ) read+ ab\t twelve lectures on ! use ( ! ,globes1 at half a gu9ea4 ,i _h "o c\rse ( t5 he>]s1 :i* did some?+ m ?an pay = my globes2 & ,i %\ld h proce$$ 9 ?is way1 add+ to my app>atus z ,i %\ld h be5 able to af=d x1 if ,i _h n left t place1 :i* 0 9 ! foll[+ mann]4 ,my situation be+ well kn[n to my fri5ds1 ,mr4 ,gill1 a di/ant relation by my "m1 :o _h tak5 mu* notice ( me be=e ,i w5t to ! academy1 & _h (t5 l5t me books1 procur$ me an invitation to prea* z a c&idate at ,%effield1 on ! resignation ( ,mr4 ,wadswor?4 ,accord+ly ,i did prea* z a c&idate1 b ?\gh my op9ions 7 no objection to me !re1 ,i 0 n approv$4 ,b ,mr4 ,haynes1 ! o!r m9i/]1 p]ceiv+ t ,i _h no *ance at ,%effield1 told me t he c\ld recomm5d me to a congregation at ,nantwi* 9 ,*e%ire1 :]e he himself _h be5 settl$2 & z x 0 at a great di/ance f ,ne$ham1 he w\ld endeav\r to procure me an invitation to prea* !re = a ye> c]ta94 ,?is he did1 & ,i gladly accept+ ( x1 remov$ f ,ne$ham1 go+ !nce to ,london by sea1 to save exp5ce4 ,?is 0 9 #ageh1 aft] hav+ be5 at ,ne$ham j ?ree ye>s4#d #d ,x is ab\t sixty miles f ,ne$ham to ,london1 s t ! roads mu/ h be5 9 a bad /ate to r5d] a wat] passage m eligible ?an by l&4 ,! fir/ turnpike 9 ,engl& 0 au?oriz$ by an act ( ,*4 ,,ii4 #affc b ! sy/em 0 n adopt$ ) _s until ne> ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,! manufactur+ inl& t[ns ( ,great ,brita91 su* z ,man*e/]1 ,le$s1 ,halifax1 c4 *iefly c>ri$ on _! bus9ess ?r\gh ! m$ium ( travell+ p$l>s1 & aft]w>ds on pack horses4 ,! j\rney 9 ?is mann] f ,man*e/] to ,london occupi$ a =tnight2 & x 0 n unusual = a trad] go+ ! fir/ "t himself on ?is exp$ition to take ! prud5t precaution ( mak+ 8 w4 ,at pres5t ! mail /age p]=ms ! j\rney 9 ab\t a day & a half4 ,9 ! beg9n+ ( ?is c5tury 7z ,dr4 ,aik9 9 8 hi/ory ( ,man*e/] obs]ves7 x 0 ?\ght a mo/ ardu\s und]tak+ to make a public road ov] ! hills t sep>ate ,york%ire & ,lanca%ire2 n[1 !y are pi]c$ by ?ree navigable canals4 ,inde$ ! prosp]\s /ate ( ,briti% manufactures & comm]ce1 seems to h orig9at$ & progress$ ) ! adoption ( turnpikes & canals4 ,!y facilitate n m]ely ! c>riage & int]*ange ( heavy mat]ials necess>y to ma*9]y1 b !y make p]sonal int]c\rse *eap1 spe$y & univ]sal2 !y ?us furni% ! means ( see+ & communicat+ improvem5ts1 & ( obs]v+ 9 :at way "o manufacture may be br\ght to be> ^u ano!r widely diff]5t 9 its k9d4 ,we are n yet suffici5tly aw>e ( _! importance 9 ,am]ica1 ev5 to ! int]e/s ( agriculture4 ,t4 ,c4 ,at ,nantwi* ,i f\nd a good natur$ fri5dly p1 ) :om ,i liv$ ?ree ye>s v happily2 & 9 ?is situation ,i he>d no?+ ( ^? controv]sies :i* _h be5 ! topics ( almo/ e conv]sation 9 ,suffolk2 & ! consequ5ce 0 t ,i gave little att5tion to !m myself4 ,inde$ x 0 h>dly 9 my p[] to d x1 on acc\nt ( my engagem5t ) a s*ool1 :i* ,i 0 soon able to e/abli%1 & to :i* ,i gave almo/ all my att5tion2 & 9 ?is employm5t1 contr>y to my expectations1 ,i f\nd ! greate/ satisfaction1 not)/&+ ! conf9em5t & lab\r att5d+ x4 ,my s*ool g5]ally consi/$ ( ab\t ?irty boys1 & ,i _h a sep>ate room = ab\t half a doz5 "y ladies4 ,?us ,i 0 employ$ f sev5 9 ! morn+ untill f\r 9 ! aft]noon1 )\t any int]val except "o h\r = d9n]1 & ,i nev] gave a holiday on any consid]ation1 ! r$ lett] days1 z !y are call$1 except$4 ,imm$iately aft] ?is employm5t 9 my own s*ool rooms1 ,i w5t to tea* 9 ! family ( ,mr4 ,tomk9son1 an em95t attorney1 & a man ( l>ge =tune1 ^: recomm5dation 0 ( ! greate/ s]vice to me2 & "h ,i cont9u$ until sev5 9 ! ev5+4 ,i _h !re=e b little leisure = read+ or = improv+ myself 9 any way1 except :at necess>ily arose f my employm5t4 ,be+ engag$ 9 ! bus9ess ( a s*oolma/]1 ,i made x my /udy to regulate x 9 ! be/ mann]1 & ,i ?9k ,i may say ) tru?1 t 9 no s*ool 0 m bus9ess done1 or ) m satisfaction1 ei!r to ! ma/]1 or ! s*ol>s1 ?an 9 ?is ( m9e4 ,_m ( my s*ol>s are probably liv+ & ,i am confid5t t !y w say t ?is is no va9 boa/4 ,at ,ne$ham ,i 0 b>ely able ) ! greate/ economy to keep out ( debt 7?\gh ?is ,i always made a po9t ( do+ at all ev5ts7 b at ,nantwi* my s*ool soon enabl$ me to pur*ase a few books1 & "s philosophical in/rum5ts1 z a small air pump1 an electrical ma*9e1 c4 ,^! ,i taught my s*ol>s 9 ! highe/ class to keep 9 ord]1 & make use (1 & by ent]ta9+ _! p>5ts & fri5ds ) exp]im5ts1 9 :i* ! s*ol>s 7 g5]ally ! op]ators1 & sometimes ! lectur]s too1 ,i consid]ably ext5d$ ! reputation ( my s*ool2 ?\gh ,i _h no o!r object orig9ally ?an gratify+ my own ta/e4 ,i _h no leisure1 h[ev]1 to make any orig9al exp]im5ts until _m ye>s aft] ?is "t4 ,z !re 7 few *ildr5 9 ! congregation 7:i* did n consi/ ( m ?an sixty p]sons1 & a great proportion ( !m travell+ scot*m57 !re 0 no scope = ex]tion ) respect to my duty z a m9i/]4 ,i !re=e cont5t$ myself ) giv+ ! p :at assi/ance ,i c\ld at _! own h\ses1 :]e !re 7 "y p]sons2 & ,i add$ v few s]mons to ^! :i* ,i _h compos$ at ,ne$ham1 :]e ,i nev] fail$ to make at lea/ "o e week4 ,be+ bo>d$ ) ,mr4 ,edd[es1 a v sociable & s5sible man1 & at ! same "t ! p]son ( ! greate/ prop]ty 9 ! congregation1 & :o 0 fond ( music1 ,i 0 induc$ to le>n to play a little on ! ,engli% flute1 z ! easie/ in/rum5t2 & ?\gh ,i 0 nev] a pr(ici5t 9 x1 my play+ contribut$ m or less to my amusem5t _m ye>s ( my life4 ,i w\ld recomm5d ! k & practice ( music to all /udi\s p]sons2 & x w be bett] = !m1 if1 l myself1 !y %\ld h no v f9e e>1 or exquisite ta/e2 z by ?is means !y w be m easily pleas$1 & be less apt to be (f5d$ :5 ! p]=mances !y he> are b indiff]5t4 ,at ,nantwi* ,i _h h>dly any lit]>y acqua9tance besides ,mr4 ,br]eton1 a cl]gyman 9 ! neighb\rhood1 :o _h a ta/e = a/ronomy1 philosophy1 & lit]ature 9 g5]al4 ,i (t5 slept at 8 h\se1 9 a room to :i* he gave my "n4 ,b 8 conduct aft]w>ds 0 unwor?y ( 8 pr(ession4 ,( diss5t+ m9i/]s ,i saw mo/ ( ,mr4 ,keay ( ,:it*ur*1 & ,dr4 ,h>wood1 :o liv$ & _h a s*ool at ,congleton1 prea*+ alt]nately at ,leek & ,:eelock1 ! latt] place ab\t t5 miles f ,nantwi*4 ,be+ bo? ( u s*oolma/]s1 & hav+ 9 "s respect ! same pursuits1 we made ex*anges = ! sake ( sp5d+ a ,sunday ev5+ toge!r e six weeks 9 ! summ] "t4 ,he 0 a good classical s*ol>1 & a v ent]ta9+ companion4 ,9 my congregation !re 0 7out ( ! h\se 9 :i* ,i 0 bo>d$7 h>dly m ?an "o family 9 :i* ,i c\ld sp5d a leisure h\r ) mu* satisfaction1 & t 0 ,mr4 ,james ,caldwall's1 a scot*man4 ,inde$1 sev]al ( ! travell+ ,scot*m5 :o frequ5t$ ! place1 b made no long /ay at any "t1 7 m5 ( v good s5se2 & :at ,i ?\ght extraord9>y1 n "o ( !m 0 at all ,calv9i/ical4 ,my engagem5ts 9 tea*+ all[$ me b little "t = compos+ any ?+ :ile ,i 0 at ,nantwi*4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 ,i recompos$ my ,obs]vations on ! "* & reason+ ( ! apo/le ,paul1 z m5tion$ be=e4 ,= ! use ( my s*ool ,i !n wrote an ,engli% gramm>#e on a new plan1 leav+ out all su* te*nical t]ms z 7 borr[$ f o!r languages1 & _h no correspond+ modifications 9 ours1 z ! future t5se1 c4 & to ?is ,i aft]w>ds subjo9$ ,obs]vations = ! use ( pr(ici5ts 9 ! language1#f f ! notes :i* ,i collect$ at ,w>r+ton2 :]e1 be+ tutor 9 ! languages & ,belles ,lett]s1 ,i gave p>ticul> att5tion to ! ,engli% language1 & int5d$ to h compos$ a l>ge treatise on ! /ructure & pres5t /ate ( x4 ,b dropp+ ! s*eme 9 ano!r situation1 ,i lately gave su* p>ts ( my collection z ,i _h made no use ( to ,mr4 ,h]b]t ,cr(t ( ,ox=d1 on 8 communicat+ to me 8 design ( compil+ a ,diction>y & ,gramm> ( our language4 #e ,pr9t$ 9 #agfa4 #f ,pr9t$ 9 #aggb at ,london4 ,8 lectures on ! ,!ory ( ,language & ,univ]sal ,gramm> 7 pr9t$ ! same ye> at ,w>r+ton4 ,david ,hume 0 made s5sible ( ! ,gallicisms & ,peculi>ities ( 8 /ile by read+ ?is ,gramm>2 ,he ackn[l$g$ x to ,mr4 ,griffi? ! ,booksell]1 :o m5tion$ x to my fa!r4 ,! academy at ,w>r+ton 0 in/itut$ :5 ,i 0 at ,ne$ham1 & ,mr4 ,cl>k kn[+ ! att5tion t ,i _h giv5 to ! le>n$ languages :5 ,i 0 at ,dav5try1 _h !n jo9$ ) ,dr4 ,b5son & ,dr4 ,taylor 9 recomm5d+ me z tutor 9 ! languages4 ,b ,mr4 7aft]w>d ,dr47 ,aik91 ^: qualifications 7 sup]ior to m9e1 0 ju/ly pref]r$ to me4 ,h[ev]1 on ! dea? ( ,dr4 ,taylor1 & ! advancem5t ( ,mr4 ,aik9 to be tutor 9 div9ity1 ,i 0 invit$ to succe$ him4 ,?is ,i accept$1 ?\gh my s*ool promis$ to be m ga9ful to me4 ,b my employm5t at ,w>r+ton w\ld be m lib]al1 & less pa9ful4 ,x 0 also a means ( ext5d+ my connections4 ,b1 z ,i told ! p]sons :o br\ght me ! invitation1 viz4 ,mr4 ,s$don & ,mr4 ,holl& ( ,bolton1 ,i %\ld h pref]r$ ! (fice ( tea*+ ! ma!matics & natural philosophy1 = :i* ,i _h at t "t a great pr$ilection4 ,my removal to ,w>r+ton 0 9 ,septemb]1 #agfa1 aft] a resid5ce ( j ?ree ye>s at ,nantwi*4 ,9 ?is new situation ,i cont9u$ six ye>s1 & 9 ! second ye> ,i m>ri$ a daught] ( ,mr4 ,isaac ,wilk9son1 an ,ironma/] ne> ,wrexham 9 ,wales1 ) ^: family ,i _h became acqua9t$ 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ ! y\nge/ son1 ,william1 at my s*ool at ,nantwi*4 ,?is prov$ a v suitable & happy connection1 my wife be+ a woman ( an excell5t und]/&+1 mu* improv$ by read+1 ( great =titude & /r5g? ( m9d1 & ( a temp] 9 ! highe/ degree affectionate & g5]\s2 feel+ /rongly = o!rs1 & little = h]self4 ,also1 greatly excell+ 9 e ?+ relat+ to h\sehold affairs1 %e entirely reliev$ me ( all conc]n ( t k9d1 :i* all[$ me to give all my "t to ! prosecution ( my /udies1 & ! o!r duties ( my /ation4 ,& ?\gh1 9 consequ5ce ( h] fa!r becom+ impov]i%$1 & :olly dep5d5t on 8 *ildr51 9 ! latt] "p ( 8 life1 ,i _h little =tune ) h]1 ,i unexpect$ly f\nd a great res\rce 9 h] two bro!rs1 :o _h become weal?y1 especially ! eld] ( !m4 ,at ,w>r+ton ,i _h a daught]1 ,s>ah1 :o 0 aft]w>ds m>ri$ to ,mr4 ,william ,f9* ( ,hea?-=ge ne> ,dudley4 ,?\gh at ! "t ( my removal to ,w>r+ton ,i _h no p>ticul> fondness = ! /udies relat+ to my pr(ession !n1 ,i appli$ to !m ) great assiduity2 & besides compos+ c\rses ( ,lectures on ! !ory ( ,language1 & on ,oratory & ,criticism1 on :i* my pr$ecessor _h lectur$1 ,i introduc$ lectures on hi/ory & g5]al policy1 on ! laws & con/itutions ( ,engl&1 & on ! hi/ory ( ,engl&4 ,?is ,i did 9 consequ5ce ( obs]v+ t1 ?\gh mo/ ( our pupils 7 "y m5 design$ = situations 9 civil & active life1 e article 9 ! plan ( _! education 0 adapt$ to ! le>n$ pr(essions4 ,9 ord] to recomm5d su* /udies z ,i introduc$1 ,i compos$ an essay on a c\rse ( lib]al education = civil & active life1 ) syllabuses ( my ?ree new c\rses ( lectures2 & ,dr4 ,br[n hav+ j !n publi%$ a plan ( education1 9 :i* he recomm5d$ x to be und]tak5 by ! /ate1 ,i add$ "s rem>ks on 8 treatise1 %ew+ h[ inimical x 0 to lib]ty1 & ! natural rights ( p>5ts4 ,?is lead+ me to consid] ! subject ( civil & political lib]ty1 ,i publi%$ my ?\ghts on x1 9 an essay on gov]nm5t1 :i* 9 a second edition ,i mu* enl>g$1 includ+ 9 x :at ,i wrote 9 answ] to ,dr4 ,balguy1 on *ur* au?ority1 z well z my animadv]sions on ,dr4 ,br[n4 ,my ,lectures on ! !ory ( language & univ]sal gramm> 7 pr9t$ = ! use ( ! /ud5ts1 b !y 7 n publi%$4 ,^? on ,oratory & ,criticism ,i publi%$ :5 ,i 0 ) ,"l ,%elburne1 & ^? on ,hi/ory & g5]al policy are n[ pr9t$1 & ab\t to be publi%$4#g #g ,?is "w has be5 repr9t$ 9 ,philadelphia ) additions1 p>ticul>ly ( a *apt] on ! gov]nm5t ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,f9d+ no public ex]cises at ,w>r+ton1 ,i introduc$ !m !re1 s t aft]w>ds e ,saturday ! tutors1 all ! /ud5ts1 & (t5 /rang]s1 7 assembl$ to he> ,engli% & ,lat9 compositions1 & sometimes to he> ! deliv]y ( spee*es1 & ! exhibition ( sc5es 9 plays4 ,x 0 my prov9ce to tea* elocution1 & also ,logic1 & ,hebrew4 ,! fir/ ( ^! ,i reta9$2 b aft] a ye> or two ,i ex*ang$ ! two la/ articles ) ,dr4 ,aik9 = ! civil law1 & "o ye> ,i gave a c\rse ( lectures 9 anatomy4 ,) a view to lead ! /ud5ts to a facility 9 writ+ ,engli%1 ,i enc\rag$ !m to write 9 v]se4 ,?is ,i did n ) any design to make !m poets1 b to give !m a great] facility 9 writ+ prose1 & ?is me?od ,i w\ld recomm5d to all tutors4 ,i 0 myself f> f hav+ any pret5sion to ! "* ( a poet2 b 9 ! e>ly "p ( my life ,i 0 a great v]sifi]1 & ?is1 ,i believe1 z well z my cu/om ( writ+ aft] prea*]s1 m5tion$ be=e1 contribut$ to ! ease ) :i* ,i always wrote prose4 ,mrs4 ,b>bauld has told me t x 0 ! p]usal ( "s v]ses ( m9e t fir/ induc$ h] to write any ?+ 9 v]se1 s t ?is c\ntry is 9 "s measure indebt$ to me = "o ( ! be/ poets x c boa/ (4 ,sev]al ( h] fir/ poems 7 writt5 :5 %e 0 9 my h\se1 on occasions t occurr$ :ile %e 0 !re4 ,x 0 :ile ,i 0 at ,w>r+ton t ,i publi%$ my ,*>t ( ,biography1 ?\gh ,i _h begun to con/ruct x at ,nantwi*4 ,"l ,will\ghby ( ,p>ham1 :o liv$ 9 ,lanca%ire1 be+ pleas$ ) ! idea ( x1 ,i1 ) 8 cons5t1 inscrib$ x to him2 b he di$ be=e ! publication ( x3 ,! ,*>t ( ,hi/ory1 correspond+ to x1 ,i drew up "s "t aft] at ,le$s4 ,i 0 9 ?is situation :51 go+ to ,london1#h & be+ introduc$ to ,dr4 ,price1 ,mr4 ,canton1 ,dr4 ,watson1 7! ,physician17 & ,dr4 ,frankl91 ,i 0 l$ to att5d to ! subject ( exp]im5tal philosophy m ?an ,i _h done be=e2 & hav+ compos$ all ! ,lectures ,i _h occasion to deliv] & f9d+ myself at lib]ty = any und]tak+1 ,i m5tion$ to ,dr4 ,frankl9 an idea t _h occurr$ to me ( writ+ ! hi/ory ( discov]ies 9 ,electricity1 :i* _h be5 8 fav\rite /udy4 ,?is ,i told him might be an useful "w1 & t ,i w\ld will+ly und]take x1 provid$ ,i c\ld be furni%$ ) ! books necess>y = ! purpose4 ,?is he readily und]took1 & my o!r fri5ds assi/+ him 9 x1 ,i set ab\t ! "w1 )\t hav+ ! lea/ idea ( do+ any ?+ m ?an writ+ a di/9ct & me?odical acc\nt ( all t _h be5 done by o!rs4 ,hav+1 h[ev]1 a pretty good ma*9e1 ,i 0 l$1 9 ! c\rse ( my writ+ ! hi/ory1 to endeav\r to asc]ta9 sev]al facts :i* 7 disput$2 & ?is l$ me by degrees into a l>ge field ( orig9al exp]im5ts1 9 :i* ,i sp>$ no exp5ce t ,i c\ld possibly furni%4 #h ,he always sp5t "o mon? 9 e ye> 9 ,london :i* 0 ( great use to him4 ,he saw & he>d a great deal4 ,he g5]ally made additions to 8 libr>y & 8 *emical app>atus4 ,a new turn 0 frequ5tly giv5 to 8 ideas4 ,new & useful acqua9tances 7 =m$1 & old ones confirm$4 ,^! exp]im5ts employ$ a great proportion ( my leisure "t2 & yet be=e ! complete expiration ( ! ye> 9 :i* ,i gave ! plan ( my "w to ,dr4 ,frankl91 ,i s5t him a copy ( x 9 pr9t4 ,9 ! same ye> five h\rs ( e day 7 employ$ 9 lectures1 public or private1 & "o two mon?s vacation ,i sp5t *iefly at ,bri/ol1 on a visit to my fa!r-9-law4 ,?is ,i d n m5tion z a subject ( boa/+4 ,= _m p]sons h done m 9 ! same "t2 b z an answ] to ^? :o h object$ to "s ( my lat] writ+s1 z ha/y p]=mances4 ,= none ( my publications 7 bett] receiv$ ?an ?is ,hi/ory ( ,electricity1 :i* 0 ! mo/ ha/y ( !m all4 ,h[ev]1 :e!r my publications h tak5 up m or less "t1 ,i am confid5t t m w\ld n h contribut$ to _! p]fection1 9 any ess5tial p>ticul>2 & ab\t any?+ f>!r ,i h nev] be5 v solicit\s4 ,my object 0 n to acquire ! "* ( a f9e writ]1 b ( an useful "o4 ,i c also truly say t ga9 0 nev] ! *ief object ( any ( my publications4 ,sev]al ( !m 7 writt5 ) ! prospect ( c]ta9 loss4 ,dur+ ! c\rse ( my electrical exp]im5ts 9 ?is ye> ,i kept up a con/ant correspond5ce ) ,dr4 ,frankl91 & ! re/ ( my philosophical fri5ds 9 ,london2 & my lett]s circulat$ among !m all1 z also e "p ( my ,hi/ory z x 0 transcrib$4 ,?is correspond5ce w\ld h made a consid]able volume1 & x took up mu* "t2 b x 0 ( great use ) respect to ! accuracy ( my exp]im5ts1 & ! p]fection ( my "w4 ,aft] ! publication ( my ,*>t ( ,biography1 ,dr4 ,p]cival ( ,man*e/]1 !n a /ud5t at ,ed9burgh1 procur$ me ! title ( ,doctor ( laws f t univ]sity2 & n long aft] my new exp]im5ts 9 electricity 7 ! means ( introduc+ me into ! ,royal ,society1 ) ! recomm5dation ( ,dr4 ,frankl91 ,dr4 ,watson1 ,mr4 ,canton1 & ,dr4 ,price4 ,9 ! :ole "t ( my be+ at ,w>r+ton ,i 0 s+ul>ly happy 9 ! society ( my fell[ tutors1#i & ( ,mr4 ,s$don1 ! m9i/] ( ! place4 ,we drank tea toge!r e ,saturday1 & our conv]sation 0 equally in/ructive & pleas+4 ,i (t5 ?\ght x n a little extraord9>y1 t f\r p]sons1 :o _h no previ\s k ( ea* o!r1 %\ld h be5 br\ght to unite 9 conduct+ su* a s*eme z ?is1 & all be zeal\s necess>ians1 z we 74 ,we 7 likewise all ,arians1 & ! only subject ( mu* consequ5ce on :i* we diff]$ respect$ ! doctr9e ( atonem5t1 conc]n+ :i* ,dr4 ,aik9 held "s obscure notions4 ,accord+ly1 ?is 0 frequ5tly ! topic ( our fri5dly conv]sations4 ,! only ,soc9ian 9 ! neighb\rhood 0 ,mr4 ,s$don ( ,man*e/]2 & we all wond]$ at him4 ,b !n we nev] ent]$ into any p>ticul> exam9ation ( ! subject4 #i ,at ,w>r+ton he _h = colleagues & successors1 ,dr4 ,john ,taylor1 au?or ( ! ,hebrew ,concordance & ( sev]al o!r works1 on ,orig9al ,s91 ,atonem5t1 c4 ,dr4 ,aik9 ! ,eld]1 ,dr4 ,re9hold ,=/] ! ,naturali/ & travell]1 ,dr4 ,enfield & ,mr4 ,walk]4 ,receiv+ "s ( ! pupils into my own h\se1 ,i 0 by ?is means l$ to =m "s valuable fri5d%ips1 b especially ) ,mr4 ,samuel ,vaughan1 a fri5d%ip :i* has cont9u$ hi!rto1 has 9 a mann] connect$ our families1 & w1 ,i d\bt n1 cont9ue ?r\gh life4 ,! two elde/ ( 8 sons 7 bo>d$ ) me4 ,! tutors hav+ suffici5t society among !mselves1 we _h n mu* acqua9tance out ( ! academy4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 ,i made an excursion to ! t[ns 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,at ,liv]pool ,i 0 always receiv$ by ,mr4 ,b5tley1 aft]w>ds p>tn] ) ,mr4 ,w$gwood1 a man ( excell5t ta/e1 improv$ und]/&+1 & a good disposition1 b an unbeliev] 9 *ri/ianity1 :i* 0 !re=e (t5 ! subject ( our conv]sation4 ,he 0 !n a wid[]1 & we g5]ally1 & contr>y to my usual cu/om1 sat up late4 ,at ,man*e/] ,i 0 always ! gue/ ( ,mr4 ,pott]1 ^: son ,?omas 0 bo>d$ ) me4 ,he 0 "o ( ! wor?ie/ m5 t ev] liv$4 ,at ,*[b5t ,i 0 mu* acqua9t$ ) ,mr4 ,mort1 a man equally di/+ui%$ by 8 *e>fulness & lib]ality ( s5tim5t4 ,( ! m9i/]s 9 ! neighb\rhood1 ,i recollect ) mu* satisfaction ! int]views ,i _h ) ,mr4 ,godw9 ( ,gatak]1 ,mr4 ,holl& ( ,bolton1 & ,dr4 ,enfield ( ,liv]pool1 aft]w>ds tutor at ,w>r+ton4 ,?\gh all ! tutors 9 my "t liv$ 9 ! mo/ p]fect h>mony1 ?\gh we all ex]t$ ourselves to ! utmo/1 & !re 0 no compla9t ( want ( discipl9e1 ! academy did n fl\ri%4 ,!re _h be5 an unhappy diff]5ce betwe5 ,dr4 ,taylor & ! tru/ees1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* all 8 fri5ds1 :o 7 num]\s1 7 our enemies2 & too _m ( ! subscrib]s1 be+ probably we>y ( ! subscription1 7 will+ to lay hold ( any pret5ce = dropp+ x1 & ( ju/ify+ _! conduct aft]w>ds4 ,x is possible t 9 "t we might h ov]come ! prejudices we lab\r$ "u1 b !re be+ no prospect ( ?+s be+ any bett]1 & my wife hav+ v bad heal?1 on h] acc\nt *iefly ,i wi%$ = a removal1 ?\gh no?+ c\ld be m agreeable to me at ! "t ?an ! :ole ( my employm5t1 & all ! labori\s "p ( x 0 ov]4 ,! t]ms also on :i* we took bo>d]s1 viz4 #ae 4 p] annum1 & my sal>y be+ only #ajj 4 p] annum ) a h\se1 x 0 n possible1 ev5 liv+ ) ! greate/ frugality1 to make any provision = a family4 ,i 0 !re six ye>s1 mo/ labori\sly employ$1 = no?+ m ?an a b>e subsi/5ce4 ,i !re=e li/5$ to an invitation to take ! *>ge ( ! congregation ( ,mill-hill *apel at ,le$s1 :]e ,i 0 pretty well kn[n1 & ?i!r ,i remov$ 9 ,septemb] #agfg4 ,?\gh :ile ,i 0 at ,w>r+ton x 0 no "p ( my duty to prea*1 ,i _h f *oice cont9u$ ! practice2 & wi%+ to keep up ! "* ( a diss5t+ m9i/]1 ,i *ose to be orda9$ :ile ,i 0 !re2 & ?\gh ,i 0 f> f hav+ conqu]$ my t5d5cy to /amm]1 & probably nev] %all be able to d x effectually1 ,i _h1 by tak+ mu* pa9s1 improv$ my pronunciation "s "t be=e ,i left ,nantwi*2 :]e = ! two fir/ ye>s ?is imp$im5t _h increas$ s mu*1 t ,i once in=m$ ! p1 t ,i mu/ give up ! bus9ess ( prea*+1 & conf9e myself to my s*ool4 ,h[ev]1 by mak+ a practice ( read+ v l\d & v sl[ e day1 ,i at l5g? succe$$ 9 gett+ 9 "s measure ! bett] ( ?is defect1 b ,i am /ill oblig$ occasionally to h rec\rse to ! same exp$i5t4 ,at ,le$s ,i cont9u$ six ye>s v happy ) a lib]al1 fri5dly1 & h>moni\s congregation1 to :om my s]vices 7( :i* ,i 0 n sp>+7 7 v acceptable4 ,"h ,i _h no unreasonable prejudices to cont5d )1 s t ,i _h full scope = e k9d ( ex]tion2 & ,i c truly say t ,i always consid]$ ! (fice ( a *ri/ian m9i/] z ! mo/ hon\rable ( any ^u e>?1 & 9 ! /udies prop] to x ,i always took ! greate/ pleasure4 ,9 ?is situation ,i naturally resum$ my application to speculative !ology1 :i* _h occupi$ me at ,ne$ham1 & :i* _h be5 int]rupt$ by ! bus9ess ( tea*+ at ,nantwi* & ,w>r+ton4 ,by read+ ) c>e ,dr4 ,l>dn]'s lett] on ! logos1 ,i became :at is call$ a ,soc9ian soon aft] my settlem5t at ,le$s2 & aft] giv+ ! close/ att5tion to ! subject1 ,i h se5 m & m reason to be satisfi$ ) t op9ion to ?is day1 & likewise to be m impress$ ) ! idea ( its importance4 ,on read+ ,mr4 ,mann's ,diss]tation on ! times ( ! bir? & dea? ( ,*ri/1 ,i 0 conv9c$ t he 0 "r 9 8 op9ion ( our ,savi\r's m9i/ry hav+ cont9u$ little m ?an "o ye>1 & on ?is plan ,i drew out a ,h>mony ( ! gospels1 ! outl9e ( :i* ,i fir/ publi%$ 9 ! ,!ological ,repository1 & aft]w>ds sep>ately & at l>ge1 bo? 9 ,greek & ,engli%1 ) ,notes1 & an occasional ,p>aphrase4 ,9 ! same "w ,i publi%$ my ,essay on ! doctr9e ( ,atonem5t1 improv$ f ! tract publi%$ by ,dr4 ,l>dn]1 & also my animadv]sions on ! reason+ ( ! apo/le ,paul4 ,! plan ( ?is ,repository occurr$ to me on see+ "s notes t ,mr4 ,turn] ( ,wakefield _h drawn up on sev]al passages ( scripture1 :i* ,i 0 conc]n$ to ?9k %\ld be lo/4 ,he v mu* approv$ ( my proposal ( an occasional publication1 = ! purpose ( pres]v+ su* orig9al obs]vations z c\ld o!rwise probably nev] see ! light4 ,( ?is "w ,i publi%$ ?ree volumes :ile ,i 0 at ,le$s1 & he nev] fail$ to give me an article = e numb] ( :i* !y 7 compos$4 ,giv+ p>ticul> att5tion to ! duties ( my (fice1 ,i wrote sev]al tracts = ! use ( my congregation1 z two ,cate*isms1 an ,address to ma/]s ( families on ! subject ( family pray]1 a disc\rse on ! ,"l's ,supp]1 & on ,*ur* discipl9e1 & ,in/itutes ( ,natural & ,reveal$ religion4 ,"h ,i =m$ ?ree classes ( ,cate*um5s1 & took great pleasure 9 in/ruct+ !m 9 ! pr9ciples ( religion4 ,9 ?is respect ,i hope my example has be5 ( use 9 o!r congregations4 ,! fir/ ( my controv]sial treatises 0 writt5 "h 9 reply to "s angry rem>ks on my disc\rse on ! ,"l's ,supp] by ,mr4 ,v5n1 a cl]gyman 9 ! neighb\rhood4 ,i also wrote rem>ks on ,dr4 ,balguy's s]mon on ,*ur* au?ority1 & on "s p>agraphs 9 ,judge ,black/one's ,comm5t>ies relat+ to ! diss5t]s4 ,to ! two =m] no reply 0 made2 b to ! la/ ! judge repli$ 9 a small pamphlet2 on :i* ,i address$ a lett] to him 9 ! ,/4 ,james's ,*ronicle4 ,?is controv]sy l$ me to pr9t ano!r pamphlet1 entitl$ ,! ,pr9ciples & ,conduct ( ! ,diss5t]s ) respect to ! civil & ecclesia/ical con/itution ( ?is c\ntry4 ,) ! enc\ragem5t ( ,dr4 ,price & ,dr4 ,kippis1 ,i also wrote an ,address to ,prote/ant ,diss5t]s z su*2 b )\t my "n4 ,sev]al ( ^! pamphlets hav+ be5 animadv]t$ ^u by an anonym\s acqua9tance1 :o ?\ght ,i _h laid too mu* /ress on ! pr9ciples ( ! ,diss5t]s1 ,i wrote a def5ce ( my conduct 9 ,lett]s address$ to him4 ,! me?odi/s be+ v num]\s 9 ,le$s1 & _m ( ! l[] sort ( my own he>]s li/5+ to !m1 ,i wrote an ,appeal to ! s]i\s pr(essors ( ,*ri/ianity1 an ,illu/ration ( p>ticul> texts1 & republi%$ ! ,trial ( ,elwall1 all 9 ! *eape/ mann] possible4 ,^? small tracts _h a great effect 9 e/abli%+ my he>]s 9 lib]al pr9ciples ( religion1 & 9 a %ort "t _h a f> m ext5sive influ5ce ?an ,i c\ld h imag9$4 ,by ?is "t m ?an ?irty ?\s& copies ( ! ,appeal h be5 disp]s$4 ,besides ^! !oretical & controv]sial pieces1 ,i wrote :ile ,i 0 at ,le$s my ,essay on ,gov]nm5t m5tion$ be=e1 my ,engli% ,gramm> enl>g$1 a famili> introduction to ! /udy ( electricity1 a treatise on p]spective1 & my ,*>t ( ,hi/ory1 & also "s anonym\s pieces 9 fav\r ( civil lib]ty dur+ ! p]secution ( ,mr4 ,wilkes1 ! pr9cipal ( :i* 0 ,an ,address to ,diss5t]s on ! subject ( ! diff]5ce ) ,am]ica1 :i* ,i wrote at ! reque/ ( ,dr4 ,frankl91 & ,dr4 ,fo!rgil4 ,b no?+ ( a nature =eign to ! duties ( my pr(ession engag$ my att5tion :ile ,i 0 at ,le$s s mu* z ! prosecution ( my exp]im5ts relat+ to electricity1 & especially ! doctr9e ( air4 ,! la/ ,i 0 l$ into 9 consequ5ce ( inhabit+ a h\se adjo9+ to a public brew]y1 :]e ,i at fir/ amus$ myself ) mak+ exp]im5ts on ! fix$ air :i* ,i f\nd ready made 9 ! process ( f]m5tation4 ,:5 ,i remov$ f t h\se1 ,i 0 "u ! necessity ( mak+ ! fix$ air = myself2 & "o exp]im5t lead+ to ano!r1 z ,i h di/9ctly & fai?fully not$ 9 my v>i\s publications on ! subject1 ,i by degrees contriv$ a conv5i5t app>atus = ! purpose1 b ( ! *eape/ k9d4 ,:5 ,i began ^! exp]im5ts ,i knew v little ( *emi/ry1 & _h 9 a mann] no idea on ! subject be=e ,i att5d$ a c\rse ( *emical lectures deliv]$ 9 ! academy at ,w>r+ton by ,dr4 ,turn]#aj ( ,liv]pool4 ,b ,i h (t5 ?\ght t ^u ! :ole1 ?is circum/ance 0 no disadvantage to me2 z 9 ?is situation ,i 0 l$ to devise an app>atus1 & processes ( my own1 adapt$ to my peculi> views4 ,:]eas1 if ,i _h be5 previ\sly accu/om$ to ! usual *emical processes1 ,i %\ld n h s easily ?\ght ( any o!r2 & )\t new modes ( op]ation ,i %\ld h>dly h discov]$ any ?+ mat]ially new4#aa #aj ,dr4 ,,turn] 0 a ,physician at ,liv]pool3 among 8 fri5ds a pr(ess$ ,a!i/4 ,x 0 ,dr4 ,turn] :o wrote ! reply to ,dr4 ,prie/ley's lett]s to a philosophical unbeliev] "u ! feign$ "n ( ,hammon4 ,he 0 9 8 day a good practical *emi/4 ,i believe x 0 ,dr4 ,turn] :o fir/ inv5t$1 or at lea/ br\ght to tol]able p]fection1 ! art ( copy+ pr9ts ^u glass1 by /rik+ (f impressions ) a col\r$ solution ( silv] & fix+ !m on ! glass by bak+ on an iron plate 9 a heat suffici5t to incorporate ! solution ) ! glass4 ,"s ( !m are v neatly p]=m$1 produc+ transp>5t copies 9 a bright yell[ ^u ! cle> glass4 ,dr4 ,turn] 0 n m]ely a :ig b a republican4 ,9 a fri5dly debat+ society at ,liv]pool ab\t ! close ( ! ,am]ican w>1 he obs]v$ 9 reply to a speak] :o _h be5 descant+ on ! hon\r ,great ,brita9 _h ga9$ dur+ ! reign ( 8 pres5t ,maje/y1 t x 0 true1 we _h lo/ ! ,t]ra firma ( ! ?irte5 colonies 9 ,am]ica1 b we ought to be satisfi$ ) hav+ ga9$ 9 return1 by ! g5]al%ip ( ,dr4 ,h]s*el1 a t]ra incognita ( mu* great] ext5t 9 nubibus4 ,t4 ,c4 #aa ,?is necess>y att5tion to economy also aid$ ! simplicity ( 8 app>atus1 & 0 ! means 9 "s degree ( improv+ x 9 ?is important respect4 ,?is pla9ness ( 8 app>atus r5d]$ 8 exp]im5ts easy to be repeat$1 & gave !m accuracy4 ,9 ?is respect he 0 l 8 great ,cotempor>y ,s*eele1 ^: discov]ies 7 made by means easy to be procur$ & at small exp5ce4 ,! ,fr5* ,*emi/s h adopt$ a practice q ! rev]se4 ,t4 ,c4 ,my fir/ publication on ! subject ( air 0 9 #aggb4 ,x 0 a small pamphlet1 on ! me?od ( impregnat+ wat] ) fix$ air2 :i* be+ imm$iately translat$ into ,fr5*1 excit$ a great degree ( att5tion to ! subject1 & ?is 0 mu* increas$ by ! publication ( my fir/ pap] ( exp]im5ts 9 a l>ge article ( ! ,philosophical ,transactions ! ye> foll[+1 = :i* ,i receiv$ ! gold m$al ( ! society4 ,my me?od ( impregnat+ wat] ) fix$ air 0 consid]$ at a meet+ ( ! ,college ( ,physicians1 be=e :om ,i made ! exp]im5ts1 & by !m x 0 recomm5d$ to ! ,lords ( ! ,admiral 7by :om !y _h be5 summon$ = ! purpose7 z likely to be ( use 9 ! sea scurvy4 ,! only p]son 9 ,le$s :o gave mu* att5tion to my exp]im5ts 0 ,mr4 ,hay1 a surgeon4 ,he 0 a zeal\s me?odi/1 & wrote answ]s to "s ( my !ological tracts2 b we always conv]s$ ) ! greate/ fre$om on philosophical subjects1 )\t m5tion+ any ?+ relat+ to !ology4 ,:5 ,i left ,le$s1 he begg$ ( me ! e>!n tr\gh 9 :i* ,i _h made all my exp]im5ts on air :ile ,i 0 !re4 ,x 0 su* an "o z is !re commonly us$ = wa%+ l9n54 ,hav+ succe$$ s well 9 ! ,hi/ory ( ,electricity1 ,i 0 induc$ to und]take ! hi/ory ( all ! br&ies ( exp]im5tal philosophy2 & at ,le$s ,i gave out proposals = t purpose1 & publi%$ ! ,hi/ory ( discov]ies relat+ to vision light & col\rs4 ,?is "w1 also1 ,i believe ,i execut$ to g5]al satisfaction1 & be+ an und]tak+ ( great exp5ce1 ,i 0 "u ! necessity ( publi%+ x by subscription4 ,! sale1 h[ev]1 0 n su* z to enc\rage me to proce$ ) a "w ( s mu* lab\r & exp5ce2 s t aft] pur*as+ a great numb] ( books1 to enable me to f9i% my und]tak+1 ,i 0 oblig$ to ab&on x1 & to apply :olly to orig9al exp]im5ts4#ab #ab ,_m ( ! subscriptions rema9$ unpaid4 ,9 writ+ ! ,hi/ory ( discov]ies relat+ to vision1 ,i 0 mu* assi/$ by ,mr4 ,mi*ell1 ! discov]] ( ! me?od ( mak+ artificial magnets4 ,liv+ at ,?ornhill1 n v f> f ,le$s1 ,i frequ5tly visit$ him1 & 0 v happy 9 8 society1 z ,i also 0 9 t ( ,mr4 ,smeaton1 :o liv$ /ill ne>] to me4 ,he made me a pres5t ( 8 excell5t air pump1 :i* ,i con/antly use to ?is day4 ,hav+ /rongly recomm5d$ 8 con/ruction ( ?is in/rum5t1 x is n[ g5]ally us$2 :]eas be=e t h>dly any _h be5 made dur+ ! tw5ty ye>s :i* _h elaps$ aft] ! acc\nt t he _h giv5 ( x 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions4 ,i 0 also in/rum5tal 9 reviv+ ! use ( l>ge electrical ma*9es1 & batt]ies1 9 electricity1 ! g5]ality ( electrical ma*9es be+ little m ?an play ?+s at ! "t t ,i began my exp]im5ts4 ,! fir/ v l>ge electrical ma*9e 0 made by ,mr4 ,nairne 9 consequ5ce ( a reque/ made to me by ! ,gr& ,duke ( ,tuscany1 to get him ! be/ ma*9e t we c\ld make 9 ,engl&4 ,?is1 & ano!r t he made = ,mr4 ,vaughan1 7 con/itut$ on a plan ( my own4 ,b aft]w>ds ,mr4 ,nairne made l>ge ma*9es on a m simple & improv$ con/ruction2 & 9 consid]ation ( ! s]vice :i* ,i _h r5d]$ him1 he made me a pres5t ( a pretty l>ge ma*9e ( ! same k9d4 ,! review ( my hi/ory ( electricity by ,mr4 ,bewley1 :o 0 acqua9t$ ) ,mr4 ,mi*ell1 0 ! means ( op5+ a correspond5ce betwe5 u1 :i* 0 ! s\rce ( mu* satisfaction to me z long z he liv$4 ,i in/antly communicat$ to him an acc\nt ( e new exp]im5t t ,i made1 &1 9 return1 0 fav\r$ ) 8 rem>ks ^u !m4 ,all t he publi%$ ( 8 own 7 articles 9 ! ,app5dixes to my volumes on air1 all ( :i* are +5i\s & valuable4 ,always publi%+ 9 ?is mann]1 he us$ to call himself my satellite4 ,!re 0 a ve9 ( pleasant wit & hum\r 9 all 8 correspond5ce1 :i* add$ greatly to ! value ( x4 ,8 lett]s to me w\ld h made sev]al volumes1 & m9e to him /ill m4 ,:5 he f\nd himself dang]\sly ill1 he made a po9t ( pay+ me a visit be=e he di$2 & he made a j\rney f ,norfolk to ,birm+ham1 accompani$ by ,mrs4 ,bewley1 = t purpose2 & aft] sp5d+ ab\t a week ) me1 he w5t to 8 fri5d ,dr4 ,burney1 & at 8 h\se he di$4 ,:ile ,i 0 at ,le$s a proposal 0 made to me to accompany ,capta9 ,cook 9 8 second voyage to ! s\? seas4 ,z ! t]ms 7 v advantage\s1 ,i cons5t$ to x1 & ! heads ( my congregation _h agre$ to keep an assi/ant to supply my place dur+ my abs5ce4 ,b ,mr4 ,banks in=m$ me t ,i 0 object$ to by "s cl]gym5 9 ! bo>d ( longitude1 :o _h ! direction ( ?is bus9ess1 on acc\nt ( my religi\s pr9ciples2 & pres5tly aft] ,i he>d t ,dr4 ,=/]1 a p]son f> bett] qualifi$ = ! purpose1 _h got ! appo9tm5t4 ,z ,i _h b>ely acquiesc$ 9 ! proposal1 ?is 0 no disappo9tm5t to me1 & ,i 0 mu* bett] employ$ at home1 ev5 ) respect to my philosophical pursuits4 ,my k ( natural hi/ory 0 n suffici5t = ! und]tak+2 b at t "t ,i %\ld by application h be5 able to supply my defici5cy1 ?\gh n[ ,i am s5sible ,i c\ld n d x4 ,at ,le$s ,i 0 p>ticul>ly happy 9 my int]c\rse ) ,mr4 ,turn] ( ,wakefield1 & occasionally1 ) ,mr4 ,cappe ( ,york1 & ,mr4 ,graham ( ,halifax4 ,& "h x 0 t1 9 consequ5ce ( a visit :i* 9 company ) ,mr4 ,turn] ,i made to ! ,ar*deacon ,blackburne at ,ri*mond 7) :om ,i _h kept up a correspond5ce f ! "t t 8 son 0 "u my c>e at ,w>r+ton7 ,i fir/ met ) ,mr4 ,l9dsey1 !n ( ,catt]ick1 & a correspond5ce & intimacy comm5c$1 :i* has be5 ! s\rce ( m real satisfaction to me ?an any o!r circum/ance 9 my :ole life4 ,he soon discov]$ to me t he 0 uneasy 9 8 situation1 & _h ?\ghts ( quitt+ x4 ,at fir/ ,i 0 n =w>d to enc\rage him 9 x1 b r advis$ him to make :at alt]ation he ?\ght prop] 9 ! (fices ( ! *ur*1 & leave x to 8 sup]iors to dismiss him if !y *ose4 ,b 8 bett] judgm5t1 & great] =titude1 l$ him to give up all connexion ) ! e/abli%$ *ur* ( 8 own accord4 ,?is took place ab\t ! "t ( my leav+ ,le$s1 & x 0 n until long aft] ?is t ,i 0 appriz$ ( all ! difficulties he _h to /ruggle ) be=e he c\ld accompli% 8 purpose4 ,b ! opposition made to x by 8 ne>e/ fri5ds1 & ^? :o might h be5 expect$ to approve ( ! /ep t he took1 & to h endeav\r$ to make x easy to him1 0 "o ( ! greate/4 ,not)/&+ ?is he left ,catt]ick1 :]e he _h liv$ 9 afflu5ce idoliz$ by 8 p>i%1 & w5t to ,london )\t any c]ta9 prospect2 :]e he liv$ 9 two rooms ( a gr\nd floor1 until by ! assi/ance ( 8 fri5ds1 he 0 able to pay = ! use ( ! upp] ap>tm5ts1 :i* ! /ate ( 8 heal? r5d]$ necess>y4 ,9 ?is humble situation h ,i pass$ "s ( ! mo/ pleas+ h\rs ( my life1 :51 9 consequ5ce ( liv+ ) ,"l ,%elburne1 ,i sp5t my w9t]s 9 ,london4 ,on ?is occasion x 0 t my intimacy ) ,mr4 ,l9dsey 0 mu* improv$1 & an entire concurr5ce 9 e ?+ t we ?\ght to be = ! int]e/ ( *ri/ianity gave fre% w>m? to our fri5d%ip4 ,to 8 society ,i owe mu* ( my zeal = ! doctr9e ( ! div9e unity1 = :i* he made s great sacrifices1 & 9 ! def5ce ( :i* he s mu* di/+ui%$ himself1 s z to occasion a new ra 9 ! hi/ory ( religion 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,z we became m intimate1 confid+ 9 8 bett] ta/e & judgm5t1 & also 9 t ( ,mrs4 ,l9dsey1 a woman ( ! same _s & views1 & 9 all respects a help meet = him1 ,i nev] *ose to publi% any ?+ ( mom5t relat+ to ,!ology )\t consult+ him2 & h>dly ev] v5tur$ to ins]t any ?+ t !y disapprov$1 be+ s5sible t my disposition l$ to precipitancy1 to :i* _! coolness 0 a seasonable *eck4 ,at ,le$s began my int]c\rse ) ,mr4 ,lee ( ,l9coln's ,inn4 ,he 0 a native ( ! place1 & exactly "o week old] ?an myself4 ,at t "t he 0 p>ticul>ly connect$ ) ! congregation1 & be=e he 0 m>ri$ sp5t 8 vacations ) u4 ,8 fri5d%ip 0 a s\rce ( mu* great] satisfaction & advantage to me aft] ,i came to reside 9 ,london1 & especially at ! "t ( my leav+ ,"l ,%elburne1 :5 my prospects wore r a cl\dy aspect4 ,:5 ,i visit$ ,london1 dur+ my resid5ce at ,le$s1 comm5c$ my p>ticul> fri5d%ip = ,dr4 ,price1 to :om ,i _h be5 introduc$ sev]al ye>s be=e by ,dr4 ,b5son2 our fir/ int]view hav+ be5 at ,mr4 ,br[nsword's at ,new+ton1 :]e !y 7 memb]s ( a small lit]>y society1 9 :i* !y read v>i\s compositions4 ,at t "t ,dr4 ,b5son read a pap] :i* aft]w>ds made a section 9 8 ,life ( ,*ri/4 ,= ! mo/ amiable simplicity ( "*1 equall$ only by t ( ,mr4 ,l9dsey1 a truly *ri/ian _s1 dis9t]e/$ patriotism1 & true c&\r1 no man 9 my op9ion ev] exce$$ ,dr4 ,price4 ,8 c&\r w appe> ! m extraord9>y1 consid]+ 8 w>m atta*m5ts to ! !ological s5tim5ts :i* he embrac$ 9 v e>ly life4 ,i %all ev] reflect ^u our fri5d%ip z a circum/ance highly hon\rable1 z x 0 a s\rce ( peculi> satisfaction1 to me4 ,i _h two sons born to me at ,le$s1 ,joseph & ,william1 & ?\gh ,i 0 v happy !re1 ,i 0 tempt$ to leave x aft] cont9u+ !re six ye>s1 to g into ! family ( ! ,e>l ( ,%elburne1 n[ ! ,m>quis ( ,lansd[ne2 he /ipulat+ to give me #bej 4 p] annum1 a h\se to live 91 & a c]ta9ty = life 9 case ( 8 dea?1 or ( my sep>ation f him2 :]eas at ,le$s my sal>y 0 only "o hundr$ gu9eas p] annum1 & a h\se1 :i* 0 n q suffici5t = ! subsi/5ce ( my family1 )\t a possibility ( mak+ a provision = !m aft] my dea?4 ,i _h be5 recomm5d$ to ,"l ,%elburne by ,dr4 ,price1 z a p]son qualifi$ to be a lit]>y companion to him4 ,9 ?is situation1 my family be+ at ,calne 9 ,wilt%ire1 ne> to 8 ,lord%ip's seat at ,b[ood1 ,i cont9u$ sev5 ye>s1 sp5d+ ! summ] ) my family1 & a great "p ( ! w9t] 9 8 ,lord%ip's h\se 9 ,london4 ,my (fice 0 nom9ally t ( libr>ian1 b ,i _h little employm5t z su*1 besides arrang+ 8 books1 tak+ a catalogue ( !m1 & ( 8 manuscripts1 :i* 7 num]\s1 & mak+ an index to 8 collection ( private pap]s4 ,9 fact ,i 0 ) him z a fri5d1 & ! second ye> made ) him ! t\r ( ,fl&]s1 ,holl&1 & ,g]many1 z f> z ,/rasburgh2 & aft] sp5d+ a mon? at ,p>is1 return$ to ,engl&4 ,?is 0 9 ! ye> #aggd4 ,?is little excursion made me m s5sible ?an ,i %\ld o!rwise h be5 ( ! b5efit ( =eign travel1 ev5 )\t ! advantage ( mu* conv]sation ) =eign]s4 ,! v sight ( new c\ntries1 new build+s1 new cu/oms1 c4 & ! v he>+ ( an un9telligible new language1 gives new ideas1 & t5ds to enl>ge ! m9d4 ,to me ?is little "t 0 extremely pleas+1 especially z ,i saw e ?+ to ! greate/ advantage1 & )\t any anxiety or tr\ble1 & _h an opportunity ( see+ & conv]s+ ) e p]son ( em95ce :]ev] we came2 ! political *>act]s by 8 ,lord%ip's connections1 & ! lit]>y ones by my own4 ,i 0 soon1 h[ev]1 tir$ ( ,p>is1 & *ose to sp5d my ev5+s at ! hotel1 9 company ) a few lit]>y fri5ds4 ,=tunately = me1 ,mr4 ,magellan#ac be+ at ,p>is1 at ! same "t1 sp5t mo/ ( ! ev5+s ) me2 & z ,i *ose to return be=e 8 ,lord%ip1 he accompani$ me to ,london1 & made ! j\rney v pleas+ to me2 he be+ us$ to ! c\ntry1 ! language1 & ! mann]s ( x1 :i* ,i 0 n4 ,he _h se5 mu* ( ! _w1 & 8 conv]sation dur+ our j\rney 0 p>ticul>ly int]e/+ to me4 ,inde$1 9 ,london1 bo? be=e & aft] ?is "t1 ,i always f\nd him v fri5dly1 especially 9 e ?+ t relat$ to my philosophical pursuits4 #ac ,,john ,,hyac9? ,,de ,,magellan a desc5dant ( ! fam\s ,navigator ,magellan1 0 a ,portuguese ,jesuit1 b f> m atta*$ to ,philosophy ?an ,*ri/ianity4 ,he 0 mu* employ$ by 8 ri* & noble correspond5ts abroad to procure philosophical ,in/rum5ts f ! ,arti/s ( ,great ,brita94 ,he 0 a good judge ( ^!1 & be+ ( a me*anical turn z well z a man ( ,sci5ce1 he improv$ _! con/ruction 9 _m in/ances4 ,he 0 memb] ( & att5dant on almo/ all ! philosophical ,clubs & ,meet+s 9 ,london1 & 0 g5]ally furni%$ ) e>ly intellig5ce ( philosophical discov]ies f ! cont95t4 ,on ! #ag? ( ,septemb] #aghe he made a donation ( #bjj gu9eas to ! ,am]ican ,philosophical ,society1 ! int]e/ :]e( 0 to be appropriat$ annually z a premium = ! mo/ useful discov]ies or improvem5ts 9 navigation or natural philosophy1 b to ! exclusion ( m]e natural hi/ory4 ,he di$ a few ye>s ago1 leav+ ,mr4 ,ni*olson & ! late ,dr4 ,craw=d 8 ,executors4 ,t4 ,c4 ,z ,i 0 suffici5tly appriz$ ( ! fact1 ,i did n wond]1 z ,i o!rwise %\ld h done1 to f9d all ! philosophical p]sons to :om ,i 0 introduc$ at ,p>is unbeliev]s 9 *ri/ianity1 & ev5 pr(ess$ ,a!i/s4 ,z ,i *ose on all occasions to appe> z a *ri/ian1 ,i 0 told by "s ( !m1 t ,i 0 ! only p]son !y _h ev] met )1 ( ^: und]/&+ !y _h any op9ion1 :o pr(ess$ to believe *ri/ianity4 ,b on int]rogat+ !m on ! subject1 ,i soon f\nd t !y _h giv5 no prop] att5tion to x1 & did n really "k :at *ri/ianity 04 ,?is 0 also ! case ) a great "p ( ! company t ,i saw at ,"l ,%elburne's4 ,b ,i hope t my always av[+ myself to be a *ri/ian1 & hold+ myself ready on all occasions to def5d ! g5u9e pr9ciples ( x1 0 n )\t its use4 ,hav+ conv]s$ s mu* ) unbeliev]s at home & abroad1 ,i ?\ght ,i %\ld be able to combat _! prejudices ) "s advantage1 & ) ?is view ,i wrote1 :ile ,i 0 ) ,"l ,%elburne1 ! fir/ "p ( my ,lett]s to a philosophical unbeliev]1 9 pro( ( ! doctr9es ( a ,god & a provid5ce1 & to ?is ,i h add$ dur+ my resid5ce at ,birm+ham1 a second "p1 9 def5ce ( ! evid5ces ( *ri/ianity4 ,! fir/ "p be+ repli$ to by a p]son :o call$ himself ,mr4 ,hammon1 ,i wrote a reply to 8 piece1 :i* has hi!rto rema9$ unansw]$4 ,i am happy to f9d t ?is "w ( m9e has done "s good1 & ,i hope t 9 due "t x w d m4 ,i c truly say t ! greate/ satisfaction ,i receive f ! success ( my philosophical pursuits1 arises f ! weight x may give to my attempts to def5d *ri/ianity1 & to free x f ^? corruptions :i* prev5t its reception ) philosophical & ?9k+ p]sons1 ^: influ5ce ) ! vulg>1 & ! un?9k+1 is v great4 ,) ,"l ,%elburne ,i saw a great v>iety ( *>act]s1 b1 ( our neighb\rs 9 ,wilt%ire1 ! p]son ,i _h ! mo/ frequ5t opportunity ( see+ 0 ,dr4 ,frampton1 a cl]gyman1 ^: hi/ory may s]ve z a lesson to _m4 ,no man p]haps 0 ev] bett] qualifi$ to please 9 a convivial h\r1 or _h great] tal5ts = conv]sation & rep>tee2 9 consequ5ce ( :i*1 ?\gh !re 7 sev]al ?+s v disgu/+ ab\t him1 8 society 0 mu* c\rt$1 & _m promises ( pref]m5t 7 made to him4 ,to ^!1 not)/&+ 8 k ( ! _w1 & ( high life1 he gave too mu* cr$it2 s t he sp>$ no exp5ce to gratify 8 ta/e & appetite1 until he 0 univ]sally involv$ 9 debt2 & ?\gh 8 fri5ds made "s ef=ts to relieve him1 he 0 conf9$ a ye> 9 ! c\nty prison at a "t :5 8 bodily infirmities requir$ ! greate/ indulg5ces2 & he obta9$ 8 release b a %ort "t be=e 8 dea? on condition ( 8 liv+ on a scanty all[ance2 ! income ( 8 liv+s 7am\nt+ to m ?an #djj 4 p] annum7 be+ 9 ! h&s ( 8 cr$itors4 ,su* 0 ! end ( a man :o kept ! table 9 a ro>4 ,dr4 ,frampton be+ a high *ur*man1 he c\ld n at fir/ conceal 8 av]sion to me1 & endeav\r$ to d me "s ill (fices4 ,b be+ a man ( lett]s1 & despis+ ! cl]gy 9 8 neighb\rhood1 he became at la/ mu* atta*$ to me2 & 9 8 di/resses 0 satisfi$1 ,i believe1 t ,i 0 "o ( 8 mo/ s9c]e fri5ds4 ,) "s great defects he _h "s consid]able virtues1 & uncommon abilities1 :i* appe>$ m p>ticul>ly 9 extempore speak+4 ,he always prea*$ )\t notes1 & :51 on "s occasions1 he compos$ 8 s]mons1 he c\ld1 if he *ose to d x1 repeat ! :ole v]batim4 ,he frequ5tly extemporiz$ 9 v]se1 9 a great v>iety ( measures4 ,9 ,"l ,%elburne's family 0 ,lady ,arabella ,d5ny1 :o is well kn[n by h] ext5sive *>ities4 ,%e is 7= %e is /ill liv+7 a woman ( good und]/&+1 & great piety4 ,%e _h ! c>e ( 8 ,lord%ip's two sons until !y came "u ! c>e ( ,mr4 ,j]vis1 :o 0 _! tutor dur+ my cont9uance 9 ! family4 ,8 ,lord%ip's y\ng] son1 :o di$ sudd5ly1 _h made a/oni%+ atta9m5ts bo? 9 k & piety1 :ile v "y1 f> beyond any ?+ t ,i _h an opportunity ( obs]v+ 9 my life4 ,:5 ,i w5t to 8 ,lord%ip1 ,i _h mat]ials = "o volume ( exp]im5ts on air1 :i* ,i soon aft] publi%$1 & inscrib$ to him2 & be=e ,i left him ,i publi%$ ?ree volumes m1 & _h mat]ials = a f\r?1 :i* ,i publi%$ imm$iately on my settl+ 9 ,birm+ham4 ,he enc\rag$ me 9 ! prosecution ( my philosophical enquiries1 & all[$ me #dj 4 p] annum = exp5ces ( t k9d1 & 0 pleas$ to see me make exp]im5ts to ent]ta9 8 gue/s1 & especially =eign]s4 ,not)/&+ ! att5tion t ,i gave to philosophy 9 ?is situation1 ,i did n discont9ue my o!r /udies1 especially 9 !ology & metaphysics4 ,"h ,i wrote my ,miscellane\s ,obs]vations relat+ to education1 & publi%$ my ,lectures on ,oratory & ,criticism1 :i* ,i d$icat$ to ,"l ,fitzmaurice1 ,"l ,%elburne's elde/ son4 ,"h also ,i publi%$ ! ?ird & la/ "p ( my ,in/itutes ( ,natural & ,reveal$ religion2 & hav+ 9 ! ,preface attack$ ! pr9ciples ( ,dr4 ,reid1 ,dr4 ,beattie1 & ,dr4 ,oswald1 ) respect to _! doctr9e ( ,common ,s5se1 :i* !y made to sup]c$e all rational inquiry into ! subject ( religion1 ,i 0 l$ to consid] _! sy/em 9 a sep>ate "w1 :i*1 ?\gh writt5 9 a mann] t ,i d n intirely approve1 has1 ,i hope1 ^u ! :ole be5 ( s]vice to ! cause ( free inquiry & tru?4#ad #ad ,?is reply ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley to ! ,scot* ,doctors1 ?\gh n writt5 9 a mann] t 8 matur] reflection approv$1 compleatly set at re/ ! "q ( ,common ,s5se z d5ot+ ! intuitive evid5ce ( a class ( moral & religi\s propositions capable ( satisfactory pro(1 or ( high probability f consid]ations ab extra4 ,b ,dr4 ,reid ought h>dly to be class$ ) coadjutors s inf]ior z ! ,drs4 ,oswald & ,beattie4 ,! latt] wrote some?+ :i* he meant z a def5ce ( ! *ri/ian religion2 b su* def5d]s ( *ri/ianity z ,dr4 ,beattie & ,soame ,j5yns1 are well calculat$ to br+ x into contempt ) m5 ( reason & reflection4 ,t4 ,c4 ,9 ! preface ,i _h express$ my belief ( ! doctr9e ( ,philosophical ,necessity1 b )\t any design to pursue ! subject1 & also my great admiration ( ,dr4 ,h>tley's !ory ( ! human m9d1 z inde$ ,i _h tak5 _m opportunities ( do+ be=e4 ,?is l$ me to publi% t "p ( 8 obs]vations on man :i* relat$ to ! doctr9e ( association ( ideas1 deta*$ f ! doctr9e ( vibrations1 prefix+ ?ree diss]tations1 explanatory ( 8 g5]al sy/em4 ,9 "o ( ^! ,i express$ "s d\bt ( ! immat]iality ( ! s5ti5t pr9ciple 9 man2 & ! outcry t 0 made on :at ,i casually express$ on t subject c h>dly be imag9$4 ,9 all ! newspap]s1 & mo/ ( ! p]iodical publications1 ,i 0 repres5t$ z an unbeliev] 9 revelation1 & no bett] ?an an ,a!i/4 ,?is l$ me to give ! close/ att5tion to ! subject1 & ! consequ5ce 0 ! firme/ p]suasion t man is :olly mat]ial1 & t our only prospect ( immortality is f ! *ri/ian doctr9e ( a resurrection4 ,i !re=e dige/$ my ?\ghts on ! subject1 & publi%$ my ,disquisitions relat+ to matt] & _s1 also ! subjects ( ,soc9ianism & necessity be+ ne>ly connect$ ) ! doctr9e ( ! mat]iality ( man1 ,i advanc$ sev]al consid]ations f ! /ate ( op9ions 9 anti5t times 9 fav\r ( ! =m]2 & 9 a sep>ate volume discuss$ m at l>ge :at relat$ to ! latt]1 d$icat+ ! fir/ volume ( ?is "w to ,mr4 ,graham1 & ! second to ,dr4 ,jebb4 ,x be+ probable t ?is publication w\ld be unpopul>1 & might be a means ( br++ odium on my patron1 sev]al attempts 7 made by 8 fri5ds1 ?\gh none by himself1 to dissuade me f p]si/+ 9 x4 ,b be+1 z ,i ?\ght1 engag$ 9 ! cause ( important tru?1 ,i proce$$ )\t reg>d to any consequ5ces1 assur+ !m t ?is publication %\ld n be injuri\s to 8 ,lord%ip4 ,9 ord]1 h[ev]1 to proce$ ) ! greate/ caution1 9 a bus9ess ( su* mom5t1 ,i desir$ "s ( my le>n$ fri5ds1 & especially ,dr4 ,price1 to p]use ! "w be=e x 0 publi%$2 & ! rem>ks t he made ^u x l$ to a free & fri5dly discussion ( ! sev]al subjects ( x1 :i* we aft]w>ds publi%$ jo9tly2 & x rema9s a pro( ( ! possibility ( discuss+ subjects mutually consid]$ z ( ! greate/ importance1 ) ! mo/ p]fect good temp]1 & )\t ! lea/ dim9ution ( fri5d%ip4 ,?is "w ,i d$icat$ to our common fri5d ,mr4 ,lee4 ,9 ?is situation ,i publi%$ my ,h>mony ( ! gospels1 on ! idea ( ! public m9i/ry ( ,jesus hav+ cont9u$ little m ?an "o ye>1 a s*eme :i* ,i fir/ propos$ 9 ! ,!ological ,repository2 & ! ,bi%op ( ,wat]=d hav+ 9 8 ,h>mony publi%$ a def5ce ( ! common hypo!sis1 viz4 t ( its hav+ be5 ?ree ye>s1 ,i address$ a lett] to him on ! subject1 & to ?is he made a reply 9 a sep>ate "w4 ,! controv]sy proce$$ to sev]al publications on bo? sides1 9 ! mo/ amicable mann]1 & ! la/ ,po/script 0 publi%$ jo9tly by u bo?4 ,?\gh my side ( ! "q 0 )\t any advocates t ,i "k (1 & _h only be5 adopt$ by ,mr4 ,mann1 :o seem$ to h _h no foll[]s1 !re are few p]sons1 ,i believe1 :o h att5d$ to our discussion ( ! subject1 :o are n satisfi$ t ,i h suffici5tly prov$ :at ,i _h advanc$4 ,?is controv]sy 0 n f9i%$ until aft] my removal to ,birm+ham4 ,reflect+ on ! "t t ,i sp5t ) ,"l ,%elburne1 be+ z a gue/ 9 ! family1 ,i c truly say t ,i 0 n at all fasc9at$ ) t mode ( life4 ,in/ead ( look+ back ^u x ) regret1 "o ( ! greate/ subjects ( my pres5t ?ankfulness is ! *ange ( t situation = ! "o 9 :i* ,i am n[ plac$2 & yet ,i 0 f> f be+ unhappy !re1 mu* less s ?an ^? :o are born to su* a /ate1 & pass all _! lives 9 x4 ,^! are g5]ally unhappy f ! want ( necess>y employm5t1 on :i* acc\nt *iefly !re appe>s to be mu* m happ9ess 9 ! middle classes ( life1 :o are above ! fe> ( want1 & yet h a suffici5t motive = a con/ant ex]tion ( _! faculties2 & :o h always "s o!r object besides amusem5t4 ,i us$ to make no scruple ( ma9ta9+1 t !re is n only mo/ virtue1 & mo/ happ9ess1 b ev5 mo/ true polit5ess 9 ! middle classes ( life4 ,= 9 proportion z m5 pass m ( _! "t 9 ! society ( _! equals1 !y get a bett] e/abli%$ habit ( gov]n+ _! temp]s2 !y att5d m to ! feel+s ( o!rs1 & are m dispos$ to accommodate !mselves to !m4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! passions ( p]sons 9 high] life1 hav+ be5 less controll$1 are m apt to be inflam$2 ! idea ( _! rank & sup]iority to o!rs seldom quits !m2 & ?\gh !y are 9 ! habit ( conceal+ _! feel+s1 & disguis+ _! passions1 x is n always s well done1 b t p]sons ( ord9>y disc]nm5t may p]ceive :at !y inw>dly suff]4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 !y are really intitl$ to compassion1 x be+ ! almo/ unavoidable consequ5ce ( _! education & mode ( life4 ,b :5 ! m9d is n hurt 9 su* a situation1 :5 a p]son born to afflu5ce c lose sight ( himself1 & truly feel & act = o!rs1 ! "* is s godlike1 z %ews t ?is inequality ( condition is n )\t its use4 ,l ! g5]al discipl9e ( life1 x is = ! pres5t lo/ on ! great mass1 b on a few x produces :at no o!r /ate ( ?+s c\ld d4#ae #ae ,! acc\nt "h giv5 ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's connection ) ,"l ,%elburne mu/ be gratify+ to e fri5d ( sci5ce & lit]ature1 not)/&+ ! subsequ5t sep>ation4 ,to su* p]sons ! "* ( a nobleman :o l ,"l ,%elburne1 devotes s mu* ( 8 "t1 & s mu* ( 8 income to ! pursuits ( k1 & ! enc\ragem5t ( ^? :o em95tly contribute to enlight5 mank9d1 _c b be int]e/+4 ,_h he behav$ di%on\rably or disrespectfully to a man ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's high /ation 9 ! lit]>y _w1 x w\ld h be5 an argum5t t sci5ce & lit]ature 7 ineffectual to s(t5 ! pride ( titl$ opul5ce & h]$it>y rank4 ,b ,ovid has obs]v$ ju/ly1 7+5uas didicisse fidelit] ,artes1 emollit mores nec s9it esse f]os47 ,x is "r to m5tion an anecdote highly hon\rable to ,"l ,%elburne1 on ! au?ority ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley4 ,at ! conclusion ( ! treaty ( peace 9 #aghc1 negotiat$ by ,"l ,%elburne :ile he 0 9 ! m9i/ry1 a /rong opposition 0 expect$1 p>ticul>ly f 8 =m] coadjutors :o soon aft] ! dea? ( ,"l ,rock+ham _h sec$$ f ,"l ,%elburne's adm9i/ration4 ,x 0 sugge/$ to ?is nobleman1 t x 0 cu/om>y = ! m9i/] = ! "t be+ to let x be und]/ood among ! mutes ( ! m9i/]ial memb]s1 t !y might expect ! usual d\ceur = _! votes on su* an occasion4 ,"s light might be ?r[n on ! nature & quantum ( ?is d\ceur1 by ! li/ ( m9i/]ial rew>ds di/ribut$ at ! close ( ea* session1 z /at$ publicly to ! h\se ( ,commons by ! late ,sir ,george ,saville4 ,"l ,%elburne )\t hesitation refus$ compliance2 & decl>$ t if 8 peace c\ld n obta9 ! unb\ght approbation ( ! h\se1 x might take its *ance4 ,! consequ5ce 0 t al?\gh ! address 0 c>ri$ 9 ! ,lords by #gb to #ei x 0 lo/ 9 ! ,commons by #bbd to #bjh4 ,t4 ,c4 ,! greate/ "p ( ! "t t ,i sp5t ) ,"l ,%elburne ,i pass$ ) mu* satisfaction1 8 ,lord%ip always behav+ to me ) uni=m polit5ess1 & 8 gue/s ) respect4 ,b ab\t two ye>s be=e ,i left him1 ,i p]ceiv$ evid5t m>ks ( dissatisfaction1 ?\gh ,i nev] und]/ood ! cause ( x2 & until t "t he _h be5 ev5 lavi% on all occasions 9 express+ 8 satisfaction 9 my society to our common fri5ds4 ,:5 ,i left him1 ,i ask$ him :e!r he _h any fault to f9d ) my conduct1 & he said none4 ,at l5g?1 h[ev]1 he intimat$ to ,dr4 ,price1 t he wi%$ to give me an e/abli%m5t 9 ,irel&1 :]e he _h l>ge prop]ty4 ,?is gave me an opportunity ( acqua9t+ him1 t if he *ose to dissolve ! connexion1 x %\ld be on ! t]ms express$ 9 ! writ+s :i* we mutually sign$ :5 x 0 =m$1 9 consequ5ce ( :i* ,i %\ld be entitl$ to an annuity ( an hundr$ & fifty p\nds1 & !n ,i w\ld provide = myself1 & to ?is he readily acc$$4 ,he told ,dr4 ,price t he wi%$ our sep>ation to be amicable1 & ,i assur$ him t no?+ %\ld be want+ on my "p to make x truly s4 ,accord+ly1 ,i expect$ t he w\ld receive my visits :5 ,i %\ld be occasionally 9 ,london1 b he decl9$ !m4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ,i _h be5 "s ye>s settl$ at ,birm+ham1 he s5t an especial mess5g]1 & common fri5d1 to engage me aga9 9 8 s]vice1 hav+1 z t fri5d assur$ me1 a deep s5se ( ! loss ( ,"l ,a%burton 7,mr4 ,dunn+7 by dea?1 & ( ,colonel ,b>re by 8 becom+ almo/ bl9d1 & 8 want ( "s able & fai?ful fri5d1 su* z he _h exp]i5c$ 9 me2 ) o!r expressions m flatt]+ ?an ^?4 ,i did n *use1 h[ev]1 on any consid]ation1 to leave ! v eligible situation 9 :i* ,i n[ am1 b express$ my read9ess to d him any s]vice 9 my p[]4 ,8 ,lord%ip's enemies h ins9uat$ t he 0 n punctual 9 ! paym5t ( my annuity2 b ! contr>y is true3 ,hi!rto no?+ c\ld h be5 m punctual1 & ,i h no reason to suppose t x w ev] be o!rwise4 ,at ,calne ,i _h ano!r son born to me1 :om1 at ,"l ,%elburne's reque/1 ,i call$ ,h5ry4 ,x 0 at ! "t ( my leav+ ,"l ,%elburne t ,i f\nd ! great value ( ,mr4 & ,mrs4 ,l9dsey's fri5d%ip1 9 su* a mann] z ,i c]ta9ly _h no expectation ( :5 our acqua9tance comm5c$2 especially by _! introduc+ me to ! notice ( ,mrs4 ,rayn]1 "o ( 8 he>]s1 & mo/ zeal\s fri5ds4 ,not)/&+ my all[ance f ,"l ,%elburne 0 l>g] ?an t :i* ,i _h at ,le$s1 yet my family gr[+ up1 & my exp5ces1 on ?is & o!r acc\nts1 increas+ m ?an 9 proportion1 ,i 0 b>ely able to support my removal4 ,b my situation be+ intimat$ to ,mrs4 ,rayn]1 besides small] sums1 ) :i* %e occasionally assi/$ me1 %e gave me an hundr$ gu9eas to defray ! exp5ce ( my removal1 & deposit$ ) ,mrs4 ,l9dsey1 :i* %e soon aft] gave up to me1 f\r hundr$ gu9eas1 & to ?is day has nev] fail$ giv+ me e ye> m>ks ( h] fri5d%ip4 ,h]'s is1 inde$1 ,i s]i\sly ?9k1 "o ( ! fir/ *ri/ian *>act]s t ,i 0 ev] acqua9t$ )1 hav+ a cultivat$ compreh5sive m9d1 equal to any subject ( !ology or metaphysics1 intrepid 9 ! cause ( tru?1 & mo/ rationally pi\s4 ,sp5d+ s mu* ( my "t 9 ,london 0 ! means ( increas+ my intimacy ) bo? ,mr4 ,l9dsey & ,mr4 ,lee1 our common fri5d2 :o amid/ ! bu/le ( politics1 always pres]v$ 8 atta*m5t to !ology1 & ! cause ( tru?4 ,! ,sunday ,i always sp5t ) ,mr4 ,l9dsey1 att5d+ ! s]vice ( 8 *apel1 & sometimes (ficiat+ = him2 & ) him & ,mrs4 ,l9dsey ,i g5]ally sp5t ! ev5+ ( t day at ,mr4 ,lee's :o !n admitt$ no o!r company1 & seldom h ,i enjoy$ society ) m reli%4 ,my w9t]'s resid5ce 9 ,london 0 ! means ( improv+ my acqua9tance ) ,dr4 ,frankl94 ,i 0 seldom _m days )\t see+ him1 & be+ memb]s ( ! same club1 we con/antly return$ toge!r4 ,! diff]5ce ) ,am]ica break+ out at ?is "t1 our conv]sation 0 *iefly ( a political nature2 & ,i c be> witness1 t he 0 s f> f promot+1 z 0 g5]ally suppos$1 t he took e me?od 9 8 p[] to prev5t a rupture betwe5 ! two c\ntries4 ,he urg$ s mu* ! doctr9e ( =be>ance1 t = "s "t he 0 unpopul> ) ! ,am]icans on t acc\nt1 z too mu* a fri5d to ,great ,brita94 ,8 advice to !m 0 to be> e ?+ = ! pres5t1 z !y 7 sure 9 "t to out gr[ all _! grievances2 z x c\ld n be 9 ! p[] ( ! "m c\ntry to oppress !m long4 ,he dread$ ! w>1 & (t5 said t1 if ! diff]5ce %\ld come to an op5 rupture1 x w\ld be a w> ( t5 ye>s1 & he %\ld n live to see ! end ( x4 ,9 reality ! w> la/$ ne> eight ye>s b he did live to see ! happy t]m9ation ( x4 ,t ! issue w\ld be favorable to ,am]ica1 he nev] d\bt$4 ,! ,engli%1 he us$ to say1 may take all our great t[ns1 b t w n give !m possession ( ! c\ntry4 ,! la/ day t he sp5t 9 ,engl&1 hav+ giv5 out t he %\ld leave ,london ! day be=e1 we pass$ toge!r1 )\t any o!r company2 & mu* ( ! "t 0 employ$ 9 read+ ,am]ican newspap]s1 especially acc\nts ( ! reception :i* ! ,bo/on port bill met ) 9 ,am]ica2 & z he read ! addresses to ! inhabitants ( ,bo/on f ! places 9 ! neighb\rhood1 ! te>s trickl$ d[n 8 *eeks4#af ,x is mu* to be lam5t$1 t a man ( ,dr4 ,frankl9's g5]al good "*1 & great influ5ce1 %\ld h be5 an unbeliev] 9 *ri/ianity1 & also h done s mu* z he did to make o!rs unbeliev]s4 ,to me1 h[ev]1 he ackn[l$g$ t he _h n giv5 s mu* att5tion z he ought to h done to ! evid5ces ( *ri/ianity1 & desir$ me to recomm5d to him a few treatises on ! subject1 su* z ,i ?\ght mo/ des]v+ ( 8 notice1 b n ( great l5g?1 promis+ to read !m1 & give me 8 s5tim5ts on !m4 ,accord+ly1 ,i recomm5d$ to him ,h>tley's evid5ces ( *ri/ianity 9 8 ,obs]vations on ,man1 & :at ,i _h !n writt5 on ! subject 9 my ,in/itutes ( natural & reveal$ religion4 ,b ! ,am]ican w> break+ out soon aft]1 ,i d n believe t he ev] f\nd himself suffici5tly at leisure = ! discussion4 ,i h kept up a correspond5ce ) him occasionally ev] s9ce1 & ?ree ( 8 lett]s to me 71 ) 8 cons5t1 publi%$ 9 8 ,miscellane\s ,works1 9 qu>to4 ,! fir/ ( !m1 writt5 imm$iately on 8 l&+ 9 ,am]ica1 is v /rik+4 #af ,= two lett]s writt5 by my fa!r relat+ to ,dr4 ,frankl9 & ,mr4 ,burke see app5dix ,no4 #d4 ,ab\t ?ree ye>s be=e ! dissolution ( my connection ) ,"l ,%elburne1 ,dr4 ,fo!rgill1 ) :om ,i _h always liv$ on t]ms ( mu* intimacy1 hav+ obs]v$1 z he said1 t _m ( my exp]im5ts _h n be5 c>ri$ to _! prop] ext5t on acc\nt ( ! exp5ce t w\ld h att5d$ !m1 propos$ to me a subscription f himself & "s ( 8 fri5ds1 to supply me ) :atev] sums ,i %\ld want = t purpose1 & nam$ a hundr$ p\nds p] annum4 ,?is l>ge subscription ,i decl9$1 le/ ! discov]y ( x 7by ! use t ,i %\ld1 ( c\rse1 make ( x7 %\ld give umbrage to ,"l ,%elburne1 b ,i cons5t$ to accept ( #dj 4 p] annum1 :i* f t "t he regul>ly paid me1 f ! contribution ( himself1 ,sir ,!odore ,jans51 ,mr4 ,con/able1 & ,sir ,george ,saville4 ,on my leav+ ,"l ,%elburne1 :i* 0 att5d$ ) ! loss ( "o half ( my income1 ,dr4 ,fo!rgill propos$ an enl>gem5t ( my all[ance = my exp]im5ts1 & likewise = my ma9t5ance1 )\t be+ "u ! necessity ( giv+ my "t to pupils1 :i* ,i mu/ o!rwise h done4 ,&1 consid]+ ! g5]osity ) :i* ?is volunt>y (f] 0 made by p]sons :o c\ld well af=d x1 & :o ?\ght me qualifi$ to s]ve ! int]e/s ( sci5ce1 ,i ?\ght x "r to accept ( x2 & ,i pref]r$ x to any p5sion f ! c\rt1 (f]s ( :i* 7 m ?an once made by p]sons :o ?\ght !y c\ld h procur$ "o = me4 ,z x 0 my wi% to d :at might be 9 my p[] to %ew my gratitude to my fri5ds & b5efactors t sugge/$ ! idea ( writ+ ^! ,memoirs1 ,i %all subjo9 a li/ ( _! names4 ,"s ( ! subscriptions 7 made ) a view to defray ! exp5ce ( my exp]im5ts only2 b ! great] "p ( ! subscrib]s 7 p]sons :o 7 equally fri5ds to my !ological /udies4 ,! p]sons :o made me ?is regul> annual all[ance 7 ,dr4 ,watson & 8 son1 ,mr4 ,w$gwood1 ,mr4 ,moseley1 ,mr4 ,s4 ,salte1 ,mr4 ,jeffries1 ,mr4 ,radcliffe1 ,mr4 ,rem+ton1 ,mr4 ,/rutt ( ,d]by1 ,mr4 ,%ore1 ,mr4 ,reynolds ( ,paxton1 ,messrs4 ,galton1 fa!r & son1 & ! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,simpson4 ,besides ! p]sons ^: names appe> 9 ?is li/1 z regul> subscrib]s1 !re 7 o!r p]sons :o1 )\t *us+ to be kn[n z su*1 contribut$ no less to my support1 & "s consid]ably m4 ,my *ief b5efactress 0 ,mrs4 ,rayn]1 & next to h] ,dr4 ,heb]d51 equally di/+ui%$ = 8 love ( religi\s tru?1 & 8 zeal to promote sci5ce4 ,su* also is ! "* ( ,mr4 ,tayleur ( ,%rewsbury1 :o has at diff]5t times remitt$ me consid]able sums1 *iefly to defray ! exp5ces incurr$ by my !ological inquiries & publications4 ,mr4 ,p>k] ( ,fleet /reet v g5]\sly suppli$ me ) e in/rum5t t ,i want$ 9 glass1 p>ticul>ly a capital burn+ l5s1#ag sixte5 in*es 9 diamet]4 ,all 8 b5efactions 9 ?is way w\ld h am\nt$ to a consid]able sum4 ,mr4 ,w$gwood also1 besides 8 annual b5efaction1 suppli$ me ) e ?+ t ,i want$ made ( pott]y1 su* z retorts1 tubes1 c4 :i* ! acc\nt ( my exp]im5ts w %ew to h be5 ( great use to me4 #ag ,?\gh 8 sight 0 n mu* worse ?an be=e dur+ ! la/ t5 ye>s ( 8 life x _h be5 mu* injur$ by 8 exp]im5ts ) ! burn+ ,l5s ( :i* he made mu* use 9 summ] "t4 ,on my removal to ,birm+ham comm5c$ my intimacy ) ,mr4 ,william ,russell1 ^: public _s1 & zeal 9 e good cause1 c h>dly be exce$$4 ,my obligations to him 7 v>i\s & con/ant1 s z n to be e/imat$ by sums ( money4 ,at 8 proposal ,i d\bt n1 "s ( ! heads ( ! congregation made me a pres5t ( two hundr$ p\nds1 to assi/ me 9 my !ological publications4 ,mr4 ,lee %ew$ himself p>ticul>ly my fri5d at ! "t t ,i left ,"l ,%elburne1 assi/+ me 9 ! difficulties ) :i* ,i 0 !n press$1 & cont9u+ to befri5d me aft]w>ds by seasonable b5efactions4 ,by him x 0 h9t$ to me dur+ ! adm9i/ration ( ,"l ,rock+ham1 ) :om he _h great influ5ce1 t ,i might h a p5sion f ! gov]nm5t1 to assi/ 9 defray+ ! exp5ce ( my exp]im5ts4 ,ano!r h9t ( ! same k9d 0 giv5 me 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,mr4 ,pitt's adm9i/ration by a ,bi%op 9 ^: p[] x 0 to h procur$ x f him4 ,b 9 bo? cases ,i decl9$ ! ov]ture1 wi%+ to pres]ve myself indep5d5t ( e ?+ connect$ ) ! c\rt1 & pref]r+ ! assi/ance ( g5]\s & opul5t individuals1 lov]s ( sci5ce1 & also lov]s ( lib]ty4 ,)\t assi/ance ,i c\ld n h c>ri$ on my exp]im5ts at all1 except on a v small scale1 & "u great disadvantages4 ,mr4 ,galton1 be=e ,i _h any opportunity ( be+ p]sonally acqua9t$ ) him1 _h1 on ! dea? ( ,dr4 ,fo!rgill1 tak5 up 8 subscription4 ,8 son did ! same1 & ! fri5d%ip ( ! latt] has add$ mu* to ! happ9ess ( my situation "h4#ah ,seldom1 if ev]1 h ,i kn[n two p]sons ( su* cultivat$ m9ds1 pleas+ mann]s1 & lib]al dispositions1 z he & ,mrs4 ,galton4 ,! latt] _h ! greate/ atta*m5t imag9able to my wife4 #ah ,birm+ham4 ,mr4 ,salte 0 zeal\s 9 promot+ ! subscriptions to my exp]im5ts1 & moreov] propos$ to take "o ( my sons z an appr5tice )\t any fee4 ,b my bro!r-9-law mak+ ! same (f]1 ,i gave x ! pref]5ce3 ,mr4 ,w$gwood1 :o has di/+ui%$ himself by 8 application to philosophical pursuits1 z well z by 8 great success 9 ! improvem5t ( 8 manufactory1 0 v zeal\s to s]ve me1 & urg$ me to accept ( a mu* l>g] all[ance ?an ,i *ose4 ,! fav\rs t ,i receiv$ f my two bro!rs-9-law des]ve my mo/ grateful ackn[l$gm5ts4 ,!y act$ ! "p ( k9d & g5]\s relations1 especially at ! "t :5 ,i mo/ want$ assi/ance4 ,x 0 9 consequ5ce ( ,mr4 ,john ,wilk9son's proposal1 :o wi%$ to h u ne>] to him1 t1 be+ undet]m9$ :]e to settle1 ,i fix$ ^u ,birm+ham1 :]e he soon provid$ a h\se = me4 ,my apology = accept+ ( ^! l>ge b5efactions is1 t besides ! great exp5ce ( my philosophical & ev5 my !ological /udies1 & ! education ( ?ree sons & a daught]1 ! reputation ,i _h1 ju/ly or unju/ly1 acquir$ br\ght on me a tra9 ( exp5ces n easy to describe1 to avoid or to e/imate2 s t )\t s mu* z keep+ a horse 7:i* ! k9dness ( ,mr4 ,russel made unnecess>y7 ! exp5ce ( h\sekeep+1 c4 0 m ?an d\ble ! am\nt ( any regul> income t ,i _h4 ,i consid] my settlem5t at ,birm+ham z ! happie/ ev5t 9 my life1 be+ highly favorable to e object ,i _h 9 view1 philosophical or !ological4 ,9 ! =m] respect ,i _h ! conv5i5ce ( good workm5 ( e k9d1 & ! society ( p]sons em95t = _! k ( *emi/ry1 p>ticul>ly ,mr4 ,watt1 ,mr4 ,keir1 & ,dr4 ,)]+4 ,^! ) ,mr4 ,b\lton1 & ,dr4 ,d>w91 :o soon left u by remov+ f ,lit*field to ,d]by1 ,mr4 ,galton1 & aft]w>ds ,mr4 ,johnson ( ,k5elwor? & myself d9$ toge!r e mon?1 call+ ourselves ! lun> society1 because ! "t ( our meet+ 0 ne> ! full moon4 ,) respect to !ology1 ,i _h ! society ( ,mr4 ,hawkes1 ,mr4 ,bly?1 & ,mr4 ,s*olefield1 & 8 assi/ant ,mr4 ,coates1 &1 :ile he liv$ ,mr4 ,palm]1 be=e ( ,macclesfield4 ,we met & drank tea toge!r1 e =tnight4 ,at ?is meet+ we read all ! pap]s t 7 s5t = ! ,!ological ,repository1 :i* ,i reviv$ "s "t aft] my com+ hi!r1 & 9 g5]al our conv]sation 0 ( ! same ca/ z t ) my fell[ tutors at ,w>r+ton4 ,)9 a qu>t] ( a ye> ( my com+ to reside at ,birm+ham1 ,mr4 ,hawkes resign$1 & ,i _h an unanim\s invitation to succe$ him1 z colleague ) ,mr4 ,bly?1 a man ( a truly *ri/ian temp]4 ,! congregation we s]ve is ! mo/ lib]al1 ,i believe1 ( any 9 ,engl&2 & to ?is fre$om ! unwe>i$ lab\rs ( ,mr4 ,b\rne _h em95tly contribut$4 ,) ?is congregation ,i greatly improv$ my plan ( cate*iz+ & lectur+1 & my classes h be5 well att5d$4 ,i h also introduc$ ! cu/om ( exp\nd+ ! scriptures z ,i read !m1 :i* ,i _h nev] done be=e1 b :i* ,i w\ld e>ne/ly recomm5d to all m9i/]s4 ,my "t be+ mu* tak5 up ) my philosophical & o!r /udies1 ,i agre$ ) ! congregation to leave ! bus9ess ( baptiz+1 & visit+ ! sick1 to ,mr4 ,bly?1 & to conf9e my s]vices to ! ,sundays4 ,i h be5 m9i/] "h betwe5 sev5 & eight ye>s1 )\t any int]ruption ( my happ9ess2 & = ?is ,i am s5sible ,i am 9 a great measure indebt$ to ! fri5d%ip ( ,mr4 ,russell4 ,"h ,i h nev] long int]mitt$ my philosophical pursuits1 & ,i h publi%$ two volumes ( exp]im5ts1 besides communications to ! ,royal ,society4 ,9 !ology ,i h complet$ my fri5dly controv]sy ) ! ,bi%op ( ,wat]=d on ! duration ( ,*ri/'s m9i/ry1 ,i h publi%$ a v>iety ( s+le s]mons1 :i*1 ) ! addition ( a few o!rs1 ,i h lately collect$1 & publi%$ 9 "o volume1 & ,i am n[ engag$ 9 a controv]sy ( great ext5t1 & :i* promises to be ( consid]able consequ5ce1 relat+ to ! p]son ( ,*ri/4 ,?is 0 occasion$ by my ,hi/ory ( ! ,corruptions ( ,*ri/ianity1 :i* ,i compos$ & publi%$ pres5tly aft] my settlem5t at ,birm+ham1 ! fir/ section ( :i* be+ rudely attack$ 9 ! ,mon?ly ,review1#ai !n by ,dr4 ,horsely1 & aft]w>ds by ,mr4 ,h[es1 & o!r p>ticul> oppon5ts1 ,i und]took to collect f ! orig9al writ]s ! /ate ( op9ions on ! subject 9 ! age succe$+ t ( ! apo/les1 & ,i h publi%$ ! result ( my inve/igation 9 my ,hi/ory ( e>ly op9ions conc]n+ ,jesus ,*ri/1 9 f\r volumes octavo4 ,?is "w has br\ght me m antagoni/s1 & ,i n[ write a pamphlet annually 9 def5ce ( ! unit>ian doctr9e aga9/ all my oppon5ts4 #ai ,writt5 by ,mr4 ,badcock4 ,mr4 ,badcock 0 orig9ally a diss5t+ m9i/]4 ,he came to pay 8 respects to my fa!r at ,calne1 at :i* "t he agre$ ) him ^u mo/ subjects4 ,he aft]w>ds f\nd reason to *ange 8 op9ions1 or at lea/ 8 conduct1 connect+ himself ) ! ,cl]gy ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&1 & became my fa!r's bitt] enemy4 ,my only ,arian antagoni/ is ,dr4 ,price1 ) :om ! discussion ( ! "q has proce$$ ) p]fect amity4 ,b no ,arian has z yet appe>$ ^u ! gr\nd to :i* ,i wi% to conf9e ! controv]sy1 viz4 ! /ate ( op9ions 9 ! primitive times1 z "o means ( collect+ :at 0 ! doctr9e ( ! apo/les1 & ! true s5se ( scripture on ! subject4 ,"s ye>s ago ,i resum$ ! ,!ological ,repository 9 :i* ,i fir/ advanc$ my objections to ! doctr9e ( ! miracul\s conception ( ,jesus1 & 8 natural fallibility & peccability4 ,^! op9ions gave at fir/ great al>m1 ev5 to my be/ fri5ds2 b t is n[ 9 a great measure subsid$4 ,= want ( suffici5t sale1 ,i %all be oblig$ to discont9ue ?is ,repository = "s "t4 ,at pres5t ,i ?ank ,god ,i c say t my prospects are bett] ?an !y h ev] be5 be=e1 & my own heal?1 & t ( my wife1 bett] e/abli%$1 & my hopes z to ! dispositions & future settlem5t ( my *ildr5 satisfactory4 ,i %all n[ close ?is acc\nt ( myself ) "s obs]vations ( a g5]al nature1 b *iefly an acc\nt ( ^? circum/ances = :i* ,i h m p>ticul> reason to be ?ankful to t good be+ :o has br\ght me hi!rto1 & to :om ,i tru/ ,i habitually ascribe :atev] my p>tial fri5ds ?9k ! _w indebt$ to me =1 ,i4 ,n to enl>ge aga9 on :at has be5 m5tion$ already1 on ! fundam5tal bless+s ( a religi\s & lib]al education1 ,i h p>ticul> reason to be ?ankful = a happy temp]am5t ( body & m9d1 bo? d]iv$ f my p>5ts4 ,my fa!r1 gr& fa!r1 & sev]al bran*es ( ! family1 7 rem>kably heal?y1 & long liv$2 & ?\gh my con/itution has be5 f> f robu/1 & 0 mu* injur$ by a consumptive t5d5cy1 or r an ulc] 9 my lungs1 ! consequ5ce ( improp] conduct ( myself :5 ,i 0 at s*ool 7be+ (t5 viol5tly heat$ ) ex]cise1 & z (t5 imprud5tly *ill$ by ba?+1 c47 f :i* ) great difficulty ,i recov]$1 x has be5 excell5tly adapt$ to t /udi\s life :i* has fall5 to my lot4 ,i h nev] be5 subject to head-a*s1 or any o!r compla9ts t are peculi>ly unfav\rable to /udy4 ,i h nev] f\nd myself less dispos$1 or less qualifi$1 = m5tal ex]tions ( any k9d at "o "t ( ! day m ?an ano!r2 b all seasons h be5 equal to me1 e>ly or late1 be=e d9n] or aft]1 c4 ,& s f> h ,i be5 f suff]+ by my application to /udy1 7:i* h[ev] has nev] be5 s close or int5se z "s h imag9$7 t ,i h f\nd my heal? improv+ f ! age ( eighte5 to ! pres5t "t2 & nev] h ,i f\nd myself m free f any disord] ?an at pres5t4 ,i mu/1 h[ev]1 except a %ort "t prec$+ & foll[+ my leav+ ,"l ,%elburne1 :5 ,i lab\r$ "u a bili\s compla9t1 9 :i* ,i 0 tr\bl$ ) gall /ones1 :i* sometimes gave me exquisite pa94 ,b by conf9+ myself to a vegetable diet1 ,i p]fectly recov]$2 & ,i h n[ be5 s long free f ! disord] t ,i am "u no appreh5sion ( its return4 ,x has be5 a s+ul> happ9ess to me1 & a pro(1 ,i believe1 ( a radically good con/itution1 t ,i h always slept well1 & h awak$ ) my faculties p]fectly vigor\s1 )\t any disposition to dr[s9ess4 ,also1 :5ev] ,i h be5 fatigu$ ) any k9d ( ex]tion1 ,i c\ld at any "t sit d[n & sleep2 & :atev] cause ( anxiety ,i may h _h1 ,i h almo/ always lo/ sight ( x :5 ,i h got to b$2 & ,i h g5]ally fall5 asleep z soon z ,i h be5 w>m4#bj ,i ev5 ?9k x an advantage to me1 & am truly ?ankful = x1 t my heal? receiv$ ! *eck t x did :5 ,i 0 "y2 s9ce a muscul> habit f high heal?1 & /rong spirits1 are n1 ,i ?9k1 9 g5]al accompani$ ) t s5sibility ( m9d1 :i* is bo? fav\rable to piety1 & to speculative pursuits4#ba #bj ,my fa!r 0 an e>ly ris]4 ,he nev] slept m ?an six h\rs4 ,he said he did n rememb] hav+ lo/ a :ole night's sleep b once1 ?\gh :5 awake he (t5 _h to suff] mu* f pa9 & sickness z well z f o!r circum/ances ( a v afflictive nature4 #ba ,?\gh n a muscul> man he w5t ?r\gh great ex]tion at v>i\s times ( 8 life ) activity4 ,he walk$ v firmly1 & exp$iti\sly4 ,to a fundam5tally good con/itution ( body1 & ! be+ :o gave x me1 ,i owe an ev5 *e>fulness ( temp]1 :i* has _h b few int]ruptions4 ,?is ,i inh]it f my fa!r1 :o _h uni=mly bett] spirits ?an any man t ,i ev] knew1 & by ?is means 0 z happy t[>ds ! close ( life1 :5 r$uc$ to pov]ty1 & dep5d5t ^u o!rs1 z 9 8 be/ days2 & :o1 ,i am confid5t1 w\ld n h be5 unhappy1 z ,i h frequ5tly he>d him say1 9 a workh\se4 ,?\gh my read]s w easily suppose t1 9 ! c\rse ( a life s full ( vicissitude z m9e has be51 _m ?+s mu/ h occurr$ to mortify & discompose me1 no?+ has ev] depress$ my m9d beyond a v %ort p]iod4 ,my spirits h nev] fail$ to recov] _! natural level1 & ,i h frequ5tly obs]v$1 & at fir/ ) "s surprize1 t ! mo/ p]fect satisfaction ,i h ev] felt has be5 a day or two aft] an ev5t t afflict$ me ! mo/1 & )\t any *ange hav+ tak5 place 9 ! /ate ( ?+s4 ,hav+ f\nd ?is to be ! case aft] _m ( my tr\bles1 ! p]suasion t x w\ld be s1 aft] a new cause ( uneas9ess1 has nev] fail$ to less5 ! effect ( its fir/ impression1 & toge!r ) my firm belief ( ! doctr9e ( necessity1 7& consequ5tly t ( e ?+ be+ ord]$ = ! be/7 has contribut$ to t degree ( composure :i* ,i h enjoy$ ?r\gh life1 s t ,i h always consid]$ myself z "o ( ! happie/ ( m54 ,:5 ,i 0 a "y au?or1 7?\gh ,i did n publi% any ?+ until ,i 0 ab\t ?irty7 /rictures on my writ+s gave me "s di/urbance1 ?\gh ,i believe ev5 !n less ?an !y d mo/ o!rs2 b aft] "s "t1 ?+s ( t k9d h>dly affect$ me at all1 & on ?is acc\nt ,i may be said to h be5 well =m$ = public controv]sy4#bb ,b :at has always made me easy 9 any controv]sy 9 :i* ,i h be5 engag$1 has be5 my fix$ resolution frankly to ackn[l$ge any mi/ake t ,i might p]ceive ,i _h fall5 into4 ,t ,i h nev] be5 9 ! lea/ backw>d to d ?is 9 matt]s ( philosophy1 c nev] be d5i$4 #bb ,?\gh ,dr4 ,prie/ley has be5 consid]$ z fond ( controv]sy & t 8 *ief delight consi/$ 9 x1 yet x is f> f be+ true4 ,he 0 m frequ5tly ! def5dant ?an ! assailant4 ,8 controv]sies z f> z x dep5d$ ^u himself 7 c>ri$ to ) temp] & dec5cy4 ,he 0 nev] malici\s nor ev5 s>ca/ic or indignant unless provok$4 ,t4 ,c4 ,z ,i h n fail$ to att5d to ! ph5om5a ( my own m9d1 z well z to ^? ( o!r p>ts ( nature1 ,i h n be5 ins5sible ( "s great defects1 z well z "s advantages1 att5d+ its con/itution2 hav+ f an e>ly p]iod be5 subject to a mo/ humbl+ failure ( recollection1 s t ,i h sometimes lo/ all ideas ( bo? p]sons & ?+s1 t ,i h be5 conv]sant )4 ,i h s completely =gott5 :at ,i h myself publi%$1 t 9 read+ my own writ+s1 :at ,i f9d 9 !m (t5 appe>s p]fectly new to me1 & ,i h m ?an once made exp]im5ts ! results ( :i* _h be5 publi%$ by me4 ,i %all p>ticul>ly m5tion "o fact ( ?is k9d2 z x al>m$ me mu* at ! "t1 z a symptom ( all my m5tal p[]s totally fail+ me1 until ,i 0 reliev$ by ! recollection ( ?+s ( a simil> nature hav+ happ5$ to me be=e4 ,:5 ,i 0 compos+ ! ,diss]tations :i* are prefix$ to my ,h>mony ( ! gospels1 ,i _h to asc]ta9 some?+ :i* _h be5 ! subject ( mu* discussion relat+ to ! ,jewi% passov] 7,i h n[ =gott5 :at x 07 & = t purpose _h to consult1 & comp>e sev]al writ]s4 ,?is ,i accord+ly did1 & dige/$ ! result 9 ! compass ( a few p>agraphs1 :i* ,i wrote 9 %ort h&4 ,b hav+ mislaid ! pap]1 & my att5tion hav+ be5 drawn (f to o!r ?+s1 9 ! space ( a =tnight1 ,i did ! same ?+ ov] aga92 & %\ld nev] h discov]$ t ,i _h done x twice1 if1 aft] ! second pap] 0 transcrib$ = ! press1 ,i _h n accid5tally f\nd ! =m]1 :i* ,i view$ ) a degree ( t]ror4 ,appriz$ ( ?is defect1 ,i nev] fail to note d[n z soon z possible e ?+ t ,i wi% n to =get4 ,! same fail+ has l$ me to devise1 & h rec\rse to1 a v>iety ( me*anical exp$i5ts to secure & arrange my ?\ghts1 :i* h be5 ( ! greate/ use to me 9 ! composition ( l>ge & complex works2 & :at has excit$ ! wond] ( "s ( my read]s1 w\ld only h made !m smile if !y _h se5 me at "w4 ,b by simple & me*anical me?ods "o man %all d t 9 a mon?1 :i* %all co/ ano!r1 ( equal ability1 :ole ye>s to execute4 ,?is me?odical arrangem5t ( a l>ge "w is greatly facilitat$ by me*anical me?ods1 & no?+ contributes m to ! p]spicuity ( a l>ge "w1 ?an a good arrangem5t ( its p>ts4 ,:at ,i h kn[n ) respect to myself has t5d$ mu* to less5 bo? my admiration1 & my contempt1 ( o!rs4 ,c\ld we h ent]$ into ! m9d ( ,sir ,isaac ,newton1 & h trac$ all ! /eps by :i* he produc$ 8 great works1 we might see no?+ v extraord9>y 9 ! process4 ,& great p[]s ) respect to "s ?+s are g5]ally att5d$ ) great defects 9 o!rs2 & ^! may n appe> 9 a man's writ+s4 ,= ?is reason x seldom happ5s b t our admiration ( philosoph]s & writ]s is less5$ by a p]sonal k ( !m4 ,z great excell5cies are (t5 balanc$ by great1 ?\gh n app>5t1 defects1 s great & app>5t defects are (t5 accompani$ by great1 ?\gh n app>5t1 excell5cies4 ,?us my defect 9 po9t ( recollection1 :i* may be ow+ to a want ( suffici5t coh]5ce 9 ! association ( ideas =m]ly impress$1 may arise f a m5tal con/itution m fav\rable to new associations2 s t :at ,i h lo/ ) respect to memory1 may h be5 comp5sat$ by :at is call$ inv5tion1 or new & orig9al comb9ations ( ideas4 ,?is is a subject t des]ves att5tion1 z well z e ?+ else t relates to ! affections ( ! m9d4 ,?\gh ,i h (t5 compos$ mu* 9 a little "t1 x by no means foll[s t ,i c\ld h done mu* 9 a giv5 "t4 ,= :5ev] ,i h done mu* bus9ess 9 a %ort "t1 x has always be5 ) ! idea ( hav+ "t m ?an suffici5t to d x 92 s t ,i h always felt myself at ease1 & ,i c\ld h done no?+1 z _m c1 if ,i _h be5 hurri$4 ,kn[+ ! necessity ( ?is /ate ( my m9d to ! dispat* ( bus9ess1 ,i h nev] put (f any ?+ to ! la/ mom5t2 & in/ead ( do+ t on ! morr[ :i* ought to be done to day1 ,i h (t5 blam$ myself = do+ to day :at _h bett] h be5 put (f until to morr[2 precipitancy be+ m my fault ?an procra/9ation4 ,x has be5 a great advantage to me t ,i h nev] be5 "u ! necessity ( retir+ f company 9 ord] to compose any ?+4 ,be+ fond ( dome/ic life1 ,i got a habit ( writ+ on any subject by ! p>l\r fire1 ) my wife & *ildr5 ab\t me1 & occasionally talk+ to !m1 )\t exp]i5c+ any inconv5i5ce f su* int]ruptions4 ,no?+ b read+1 or speak+ )\t int]ruption1 has be5 any ob/ruction to me4 ,= ,i c\ld n help att5d+ 7z "s c7 :5 o!rs spoke 9 my he>+4 ,^! are useful habits1 :i* /udi\s p]sons 9 g5]al might acquire1 if !y w\ld2 & _m p]sons greatly di/ress !mselves1 & o!rs1 by ! idea t !y c d no?+ except 9 p]fect solitude or sil5ce4 ,ano!r great subject ( my ?ankfulness to a good provid5ce is my p]fect fre$om f any emb>rassm5t 9 my circum/ances1 s t1 )\t any anxiety on ! subject1 my supplies h always be5 equal to my wants2 & n[ t my exp5ces are increas$ to a degree t ,i _h no conception ( "s ye>s ago1 ,i am a ri*] man ?an ,i 01 & )\t lay+ myself out = ! purpose4 ,:at is m1 ?is indiff]5ce ab\t an increase ( =tune has be5 ! means ( atta9+ x4 ,:5 ,i began my exp]im5ts1 ,i exp5d$ on !m all ! money ,i c\ld possibly raise1 c>ri$ on by my ard\r 9 philosophical inve/igations1 & entirely reg>dless ( consequ5ces1 except s f> z nev] to contract any debt2 & if ?is _h be5 )\t success1 my imprud5ce w\ld h be5 manife/4 ,b hav+ succe$$1 ,i 0 9 "t m ?an indemnifi$ = all t ,i _h exp5d$4 ,my !ological /udies1 especially ^? :i* made x necess>y = me to consult ! ,*ri/ian ,fa!rs1 c4 h also be5 exp5sive to me4 ,b ,i h f\nd my !ological fri5ds ev5 m lib]al ?an my philosophical ones1 & all beyond my expectations4 ,9 reflect+ on my pa/ life ,i h (t5 ?\ght ( two say+s ( ,jacob4 ,:5 he _h lo/ "o ( 8 sons1 & ?\ght ( o!r ?+s t 7 afflictions to him1 he said1 8all ^! ?+s are aga9/ me10 at ! same "t t !y 7 9 reality mak+ = him4 ,s ! imp$im5t 9 my spee*1 & ! difficulties ( my situation at ,ne$ham1 ,i n[ see z mu* cause to be ?ankful =1 z = ! mo/ brilliant sc5es 9 my life4 ,i h also appli$ to myself :at ,jacob said on 8 return f ,padan ,aram4 8,) my /aff ,i w5t ov] ?is ,jordan1 & n[ ,i am become two b&s20 :5 ,i consid] h[ little ,i c>ri$ ) me to ,ne$ham & ,nantwi*1 h[ mu* m ,i _h to c>ry to ,w>r+ton1 h[ mu* m /ill to ,le$s1 h[ mu* m ?an t to ,calne1 & !n to ,birm+ham4 ,yet1 frequ5tly z ,i h *ang$ my situation1 & always = ! bett]1 ,i c truly say t ,i nev] wi%$ = any *ange on my own acc\nt4 ,i %\ld h be5 cont5t$ ev5 at ,ne$ham1 if ,i c\ld h be5 unmole/$1 & _h b>e necess>ies4 ,?is fre$om f anxiety 0 rem>kable 9 my fa!r1 & !re=e is 9 a mann] h]$it>y to me2 b x has be5 mu* increas$ by reflection2 hav+ frequ5tly obs]v$1 especially ) respect to *ri/ian m9i/]s1 h[ (t5 x has contribut$ to embitt] _! lives1 )\t be+ ( any use to !m4 ,"s att5tion to ! improvem5t ( a man's circum/ances is1 no d\bt1 "r1 because no man c tell :at occasion he may h = money1 especially if he h *ildr51 & !re=e ,i d n recomm5d my example to o!rs4 ,b ,i am ?ankful to t good provid5ce :i* always took m c>e ( me ?an ,i ev] took ( myself4 ,hi!rto ,i h _h great reason to be ?ankful ) respect to my *ildr51 z !y h a prospect ( enjoy+ a good %>e ( heal?1 & a suffici5t capacity = p]=m+ ! duties ( _! /ations4 ,!y h also good dispositions1 & z mu* z c\ld be expect$ at _! age1 a s5se ( religion4 ,b z ,i hope !y w live to see ?is "w1 ,i say ! less on ?is subject1 & ,i hope !y w consid] :at ,i say 9 _! fav\r z an incitem5t to ex]t !mselves to act a *ri/ian & useful "p 9 life2 t ! c>e t ,i & _! "m h tak5 ( _! in/ruction may n be lo/ ^u !m1 & t !y may secure a happy meet+ ) u 9 a bett] _w4 ,i e/eem x a s+ul> happ9ess to h liv$ 9 an age & c\ntry1 9 :i* ,i h be5 at full lib]ty bo? to inve/igate1 & by prea*+ & writ+ to propagate1 religi\s tru?2 t ?\gh ! fre$om ,i h us$ = ?is purpose 0 = "s "t disadvantage\s to me1 x 0 n long s1 & t my pres5t situation is su* t ,i c ) ! greate/ op5ness urge :atev] appe>s to me to be ! tru? ( ! gospel1 n only )\t giv+ ! lea/ (f5ce1 b ) ! intire approbation ( ^? ) :om ,i am p>ticul>ly connect$4 ,z to ! dislike :i* ,i h drawn ^u myself by my writ+s1 :e!r t ( ! ,calv9i/ic p>ty1 9 or out ( ! *ur* ( ,engl&1 ^? :o rank ) rational diss5t]s 7b :o h be5 exce$+ly (f5d$ at my c>ry+ my inquiries f>!r ?an !y wi%$ any p]son to d7 or :e!r !y be unbeliev]s1 ,i am ?ankful t x gives less di/urbance to me ?an x does to !mselves2 & t _! dislike is mu* m ?an comp5sat$ by ! cordial e/eem & approbation ( my conduct by a few1 ^: m9ds are cong5ial to my own1 & especially t ! numb] ( su* p]sons increases4 ,birm+ham1 #aghg4 ,a ,cont9uation ( ! ,memoirs1 writt5 at ,nor?umb]l& 9 ,am]ica 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> #agie4 ,:5 ,i wrote ! prec$+ "p ( ^! ,memoirs ,i 0 happy z mu/ h appe>$ 9 ! c\rse ( !m1 9 ! prospect ( sp5d+ ! rema9d] ( my life at ,birm+ham1 :]e ,i _h e advantage = pursu+ my /udies1 bo? philosophical & !ological2 b x pleas$ ! sov]eign dispos] ( all ?+s to appo9t = me o!r removals1 & ! mann] 9 :i* !y 7 br\ght ab\t 7 m pa9ful to me ?an ! removals !mselves4 ,i am f>1 h[ev]1 f que/ion+ ! wisdom or ! goodness ( ! appo9tm5ts respect+ myself or o!rs4 ,to resume ! acc\nt ( my pursuits :]e ! =m] "p ( ! ,memoirs left x1 ,i mu/ obs]ve t1 9 ! prosecution ( my exp]im5ts1 ,i 0 l$ to ma9ta9 ! doctr9e ( phlogi/on aga9/ ,mr4 ,lavoisi] & o!r *emi/s 9 ,france1 ^: op9ions 7 adopt$ n only by almo/ all ! philosoph]s ( t c\ntry1 b by ^? 9 ,engl& & ,scotl& also4 ,my fri5ds1 h[ev]1 ( ! lun> society 7 nev] satisfi$ ) ! ,anti-phlogi/ic doctr9e4 ,my exp]im5ts & obs]vations on ?is subject 7 publi%$ 9 v>i\s pap]s 9 ! ,philosophical ,transactions4 ,at ,birm+ham ,i also publi%$ a new edition ( my publications on ! subject ( air1 & o!rs connect$ ) x1 r$uc+ ! six volumes to ?ree1 :i*1 ) 8 cons5t1 ,i d$icat$ to ! pr9ce ( ,wales4 ,9 !ology ,i cont9u$ my def5ces ( ,unit>ianism1 until x appe>$ to myself & my fri5ds t my antagoni/s produc$ no?+ to :i* x 0 ( any consequ5ce to reply4 ,b ,i did n1 z ,i _h propos$1 publi% any address to ! bi%ops1 or to ! legislature1 on ! subject4 ,! =m] ,i wrote1 b did n publi%4 ,i left x1 h[ev]1 9 ! h&s ( ,mr4 ,bel%am :5 ,i came to ,am]ica1 t he might dispose ( x z he %\ld ?9k prop]4 ,! pa9s t ,i took to asc]ta9 ! /ate ( e>ly op9ions conc]n+ ,jesus ,*ri/1 & ! great misappreh5sions ,i p]ceiv$ 9 all ! ecclesia/ical hi/orians1 l$ me to und]take a ,g5]al ,hi/ory ( ! *ri/ian *ur* to ! fall ( ! ,we/]n empire1 :i* accord+ly ,i wrote 9 two volumes octavo1 & d$icat$ to ,mr4 ,%ore4 ,?is "w ,i mean to cont9ue4 ,at ,birm+ham ,i wrote ! second "p ( my ,lett]s to a philosophical ,unbeliev]1 & d$icat$ ! :ole to ,mr4 ,tayleur ( ,%rewsbury1 :o _h af=d$ me mo/ mat]ial assi/ance 9 ! publication ( _m ( my !ological works1 )\t :i*1 ! sale be+ inconsid]able1 ,i %\ld n h be5 able to publi% !m at all4 ,be=e ,i left ,birm+ham ,i prea*$ a fun]al s]mon = my fri5d ,dr4 ,price1 & ano!r = ,mr4 ,rob9son ( ,cambridge1 :o di$ ) u on a visit to prea* our annual *>ity s*ool s]mon4 ,i also prea*$ ! la/ annual s]mon to ! fri5ds ( ! college at ,hackney4 ,all ^! ?ree s]mons 7 publi%$4 ,ab\t two ye>s be=e ,i left ,birm+ham ! "q ab\t ! te/ act 0 mu* agitat$ bo? 9 & out ( p>liam5t4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 altoge!r )\t any concurr5ce ( m9e4 ,i only deliv]$1 & publi%$1 a s]mon on ! #e? ( ,novemb] #aghi1 recomm5d+ ! mo/ peaceable me?od ( pursu+ our object4 ,mr4 ,madan1 h[ev]1 ! mo/ respectable cl]gyman 9 ! t[n1 prea*+ & publi%+ a mo/ inflammatory s]mon on ! subject1 inveigh+ 9 ! bitt]e/ mann] aga9/ ! ,diss5t]s 9 g5]al1 & myself 9 p>ticul>1 ,i address$ a numb] ( famili> lett]s to ! inhabitants ( ,birm+ham 9 our def5ce4 ,?is produc$ a reply f him1 & o!r lett]s f me4 ,all m9e 7 writt5 9 an ironical & r a pleasant mann]1 & 9 "s ( ! la/ ( !m ,i introduc$ a f>!r reply to ,mr4 ,burn1 ano!r cl]gyman 9 ,birm+ham1 :o _h address$ to me lett]s on ! infallibility ( ! te/imony ( ! ,apo/les conc]n+ ! p]son ( ,*ri/1 aft] reply+ to 8 fir/ set ( ,lett]s1 9 a sep>ate publication4 ,f ^! small pieces ,i 0 f> f expect+ any s]i\s consequ5ces4 ,b ! ,diss5t]s 9 g5]al be+ v obnoxi\s to ! c\rt1 & x be+ imag9$1 ?\gh )\t any reason1 t ,i _h be5 ! *ief promot] ( ! measures :i* gave !m (f5ce1 ! cl]gy1 n only 9 ,birm+ham1 b ?r\gh all ,engl&1 seem$ to make x _! bus9ess1 by writ+ 9 ! public pap]s1 by prea*+1 & o!r me?ods1 to inflame ! m9ds ( ! p aga9/ me4 ,& on occasion ( ! celebration ( ! anniv]s>y ( ! ,fr5* revolution on ,july #ad?1 #agia1 by sev]al ( my fri5ds1 b ) :i* ,i _h little to d1 a mob enc\rag$ by "s p]sons 9 p[]1 fir/ burn$ ! meet+ h\se 9 :i* ,i prea*$1 !n ano!r meet+ h\se 9 ! t[n1 & !n my dwell+ h\se1 demoli%+ my libr>y1 app>atus1 &1 z f> z !y c\ld1 e ?+ belong+ to me4 ,!y also burn$1 or mu* damag$1 ! h\ses ( _m ,diss5t]s1 *iefly my fri5ds2 ! p>ticul>s ( :i* ,i ne$ n recite1 z !y w be f\nd 9 two ,appeals :i* ,i publi%$ on ! subject writt5 pres5tly aft] ! riots4 ,be+ 9 "s p]sonal dang] on ?is occasion1 ,i w5t to ,london2 & s viol5t 0 ! _s ( p>ty :i* !n prevail$1 t ,i believe ,i c\ld h>dly h be5 safe 9 any o!r place4 ,!re1 h[ev]1 ,i 0 p]fectly s1 ?\gh ,i cont9u$ to be an object ( tr\blesome att5tion until ,i left ! c\ntry altoge!r4 ,x %ew$ no small degree ( c\rage & fri5d%ip 9 ,mr4 ,william ,vaughan to receive me into 8 h\se1 & also 9 ,mr4 ,salte1 ) :om ,i sp5t a mon? at ,tott5ham4 ,b x %ew$ m 9 ,dr4 ,price's congregation at ,hackney1 to invite me to succe$ him1 :i* !y did1 ?\gh n unanim\sly1 "s "t aft] my arrival 9 ,london4 ,9 ?is situation ,i f\nd myself z happy z ,i _h be5 at ,birm+ham1 & contr>y to g5]al expectation1 ,i op5$ my lectures to "y p]sons ) great success1 be+ att5d$ by _m f ,london2 & ?\gh ,i lo/ "s ( ! he>]s1 ,i left ! congregation 9 a bett] situation ?an t 9 :i* ,i f\nd x4 ,on ! :ole1 ,i sp5t my "t ev5 m happily at ,hackney ?an ev] ,i _h done be=e2 hav+ e advantage = my philosophical & !ological /udies1 9 "s respect sup]ior to :at ,i _h enjoy$ at ,birm+ham1 especially f my easy access to ,mr4 ,l9dsey1 & my frequ5t int]c\rse ) ,mr4 ,bel%am1 pr(essor ( div9ity 9 ! ,new ,college1 ne> :i* ,i liv$4 ,nev]1 on ?is side ! grave1 d ,i expect to enjoy myself s mu* z ,i did by ! fire side ( ,mr4 ,l9dsey1 conv]s+ ) him & ,mrs4 ,l9dsey on !ological & o!r subjects1 or 9 my frequ5t walks ) ,mr4 ,bel%am1 ^: views ( mo/ important subjects 71 l ,mr4 ,l9dsey's1 ! same ) my own4 ,i f\nd1 h[ev]1 my society mu* re/rict$ ) respect to my philosophical acqua9tance2 mo/ ( ! memb]s ( ! ,royal ,society %unn+ me on acc\nt ( my religi\s or political op9ions1 s t ,i at l5g? )drew myself f !m1 & gave my reasons = s do+ 9 ! ,preface to my ,obs]vations & ,exp]im5ts on ! g5]ation ( air f wat]1 :i* ,i publi%$ at ,hackney4 ,=1 ) ! assi/ance ( my fri5ds1 ,i _h 9 a great measure replac$ my ,app>atus1 & _h resum$ my exp]im5ts1 ?\gh aft] ! loss ( ne> two ye>s4 ,liv+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,new ,college1 ,i volunt>ily und]took to deliv] ! lectures to ! pupils on ! subject ( ,hi/ory & ,g5]al policy1 :i* ,i _h compos$ at ,w>r+ton1 & also on ,exp]im5tal ,philosophy & ,*emi/ry1 ! ,heads ( :i* ,i drew up = ?is purpose1 & aft]w>ds publi%$4 ,9 be+ useful to ?is ,in/itution ,i f\nd a s\rce ( consid]able satisfaction to myself4 ,inde$1 ,i h always _h a high degree ( enjoym5t 9 lectur+ to "y p]sons1 ?\gh m on !ological subjects ?an on any o!r4 ,aft] ! riots 9 ,birm+ham ,i wrote an ,appeal to ! ,public on ! subject1 & t be+ repli$ to by ! cl]gy ( ! place1 ,i wrote a second "p1 to :i*1 ?\gh !y _h pl$g$ !mselves to d x1 !y made no reply2 s t1 9 fact ! crim9ality ( ! magi/rates1 & o!r pr9cipal ,high-*ur* m5 at ,birm+ham1 9 promot+ ! riot1 rema9s ackn[l$g$4 ,inde$1 _m circum/ances1 :i* h appe>$ s9ce t "t1 %ew t ! fri5ds ( ! c\rt1 if n ! prime m9i/]s !mselves1 7 ! fav\r]s ( t riot2 hav+1 no d\bt1 ?\ght to intimidate ! fri5ds ( lib]ty by ! measure4 ,to my ,appeal ,i subjo9$ v>i\s ,addresses#bc t 7 s5t to me f sev]al descriptions ( p]sons 9 ,engl&1 & abroad2 & f !m ,i w n d5y t ,i receiv$ mu* satisfaction1 z x appe>$ t ! fri5ds ( lib]ty1 civil & religi\s1 7 ( op9ion t ,i 0 a suff]] 9 t cause4 ,f ,france ,i receiv$ a consid]able numb] ( ,addresses2 & :5 ! pres5t ,national ,conv5tion 0 call$1 ,i 0 invit$ by _m ( ! dep>tm5ts to be a memb] ( x4 ,b ,i ?\ght myself m usefully employ$ at home1 & t ,i 0 b ill qualifi$ = a bus9ess :i* requir$ k :i* none b a native ( ! c\ntry c\ld possess2 & !re=e decl9$ ! hon\r t 0 propos$ to me4 #bc ,_m ( ^! addresses h be5 publi%$ already4 ,9 ! app5dix to ! pres5t life 7,no4 #g47 w be giv5 an arrang$ li/ ( ! addresses to ,dr4 ,prie/ley f v>i\s bodies ( m5 at v>i\s times ( 8 life2 !y illu/rate ! foll[+ positions s hon\rable to 8 "*1 & s necess>y to a j view ( x4 #a/ ,t :]ev] he (ficiat$ z a diss5t+ m9i/]1 he nev] quitt$ 8 situation b ) ! s9c]e regrets ( ^? among :om he _h resid$1 & ) p>t+ te/imonies ( _! affectionate approbation ( 8 conduct4 #b;dly4 ,t ! riots at ,birm+ham call$ =? su* abundant te/imonies 9 fav\r ( 8 moral conduct & em95t usefulness2 t ! promot]s ( ^? riots :e!r 9 *ur* or /ate c h no palliation 9 ! eye ( a disc]n+ public = _! proce$+s1 s f> z he 0 ! object ( !m4 ,^? only use viol5ce 9 opposition to argum5t :o h no argum5t to use4 #c;dly4 ,t 8 quitt+ ,engl& = ,am]ica1 0 reg>d$ z a national loss to ,great ,brita91 & ! circum/ances :i* induc$ x1 a national disgrace4 #d?ly4 ,t 8 reception 9 ?is c\ntry 0 z hon\rable z 8 fri5ds _h reason to expect3 ,& 8 demean\r s9ce 8 resid5ce "h1 has be5 su* z to ga9 him encreas$ reputation & respect1 among ^? :o knew no?+ ( him p]sonally be=e 8 arrival4 ,t4 ,c4 ,b no addresses gave me s mu* satisfaction z ^? f my late congregation1 & especially ( ! "y p]sons belong+ to x1 :o _h att5d$ my lectures4 ,!y are a /&+ te/imony ( ! zeal & fidelity ) :i* ,i did my duty ) respect to !m1 & :i* ,i value highly4 ,besides congratulatory addresses1 ,i receiv$ mu* pecuni>y assi/ance f v>i\s p]sons1 & bodies ( m51 :i* m ?an comp5sat$ = my pecuni>y losses1 ?\gh :at 0 aw>d$ me at ! ,assizes fell two ?\s& p\nds %ort ( !m4 ,b my bro!r-9-law1 ,mr4 ,john ,wilk9son1 f :om ,i _h n at t "t any expectation1 9 consequ5ce ( my son's leav+ 8 employm5t1 0 ! mo/ g5]\s on ! occasion4 ,)\t any solicitation1 he imm$iately s5t me five hundr$ p\nds1 & aft]w>ds transf]r$ to me t5 ?\s& p\nds :i* he _h deposit$ 9 ! ,fr5* funds1 & until t be productive1 he all[s me two hundr$ p\nds p] annum4 ,aft] ! riots1 ,i publi%$ my ,lett]s to ! ,sw$5borgian ,society1 :i* ,i _h compos$1 & prep>$ = ! press j be=e4 ,mr4 ,wakefield liv+ 9 ! neighb\rhood ( ! ,college1 & publi%+ at ?is "t 8 objections to public wor%ip1 !y made a great impression on _m ( our "y m51 & 9 8 ,preface he reflect$ mu* on ! "* ( ,dr4 ,price4 ,on bo? ^! acc\nts ,i ?\ght myself call$ ^u to reply to him1 :i* ,i did 9 a s]ies ( ,lett]s to a "y man4 ,b ?\gh he made sev]al angry replies1 ,i nev] notic$ any ( !m4 ,9 ?is situation ,i also answ]$ ,mr4 ,evanson's ,obs]vations on ! dissonance ( ! ,evangeli/s 9 a second set ( ,lett]s to a "y man4 ,he also repli$ to me1 b ,i 0 satisfi$ ) :at ,i _h done1 & did n cont9ue ! controv]sy4 ,besides ! s]mon :i* ,i deliv]$ on my acceptance ( ! invitation to ! meet+ at ,hackney1 9 ! preface to :i* ,i gave a detail$ acc\nt ( my sy/em ( cate*iz+1 ,i publi%$ two ,fa/ s]mons = ! ye>s #agic & #agid1 9 ! latt] ( :i* ,i gave my ideas ( anti5t prophecies comp>$ ) ! !n /ate ( ,europe1 & 9 ! preface to x ,i gave an acc\nt ( my reasons = leav+ ! c\ntry4 ,i also publi%$ a ,f>ewell s]mon4#bd ,b ! mo/ important ( my publications 9 ?is situation 7 a s]ies ( ,lett]s to ! ,philosoph]s & ,politicians ( ,france on ! subject ( ,religion4 ,i ?\ght t ! light 9 :i* ,i !n /ood 9 t c\ntry gave me "s advantage 9 my attempts to en=ce ! evid5ce ( natural & reveal$ religion4 ,i also publi%$ a set ( s]mons on ! evid5ces ( revelation1 :i* ,i fir/ deliv]$ by public notice1 & ! deliv]y ( :i* 0 att5d$ by great numb]s4 ,!y 7 pr9t$ j be=e ,i left ,engl&4 #bd ,^! reasons1 z %ew+ ! progress & /ate ( 8 m9d t induc$ ?is new ra ( 8 life1 w be ins]t$ h]eaft]4 ,z ! reasons = ?is /ep 9 my conduct are giv5 at l>ge 9 ! preface to my ,fa/ s]mon1 ,i %all n dwell ^u !m "h4 ,! bigotry ( ! c\ntry 9 g5]al made x impossible = me to place my sons 9 x to any advantage4 ,william _h be5 "s "t 9 ,france1 & on ! break+ out ( ! tr\bles 9 t c\ntry he _h emb>k$ = ,am]ica1 :]e 8 two bro!rs met him4 ,my own situation1 if n haz>d\s1 0 become unpleasant1 s t ,i ?\ght my removal w\ld be ( m s]vice to ! cause ( tru? ?an my long] /ay 9 ,engl&4 ,at l5g?1 !re=e1 ) ! approbation ( all my fri5ds1 )\t exception1 b ) great reluctance on my own "p1 ,i came to t resolution2 ,i be+ at a "t ( life 9 :i* ,i c\ld n expect mu* satisfaction z to fri5ds & society1 comp>able to t :i* ,i left1 9 :i* ! resumption ( my philosophical pursuits mu/ be att5d$ ) great disadvantage1 & 9 :i* success 9 my /ill m fav\rite pursuit1 ! propagation ( unit>ianism1 0 /ill m unc]ta94 ,x 0 also pa9ful to me to leave my daught]1 ,mr4 ,f9* hav+ ! greate/ av]sion to leave 8 relations & fri5ds 9 ,engl&4 ,at ! "t ( my leav+ ,engl& my son 9 conjunction ) ,mr4 ,coop]1 & o!r ,engli% emigrants1 _h a s*eme = a l>ge settlem5t = ! fri5ds ( lib]ty 9 g5]al ne> ! head ( ! ,susquehanna 9 ,p5nsylvania4 ,& tak+ x = grant$ t x w\ld be c>ri$ into effect1 aft] l&+ at ,new-,york1 ,i w5t to ,philadelphia1 & !nce came to ,nor?umb]l&1 a t[n ! ne>e/ to ! propos$ settlem5t1 ?9k+ to reside !re until "s progress _h be5 made 9 x4 ,! settlem5t 0 giv5 up2 b be+ "h1 & my wife & myself lik+ ! place1 ,i h det]m9$ to take up my resid5ce "h1 ?\gh subject to _m disadvantages4 ,philadelphia 0 excessively exp5sive1 & ?is comp>atively a *eap place2 & my son's1 settl+ 9 ! neighb\rhood1 w be less expos$ to temptation1 & m likely to =m habits ( sobriety & indu/ry4 ,!y w also be settl$ at mu* less exp5ce ?an 9 or ne> a l>ge t[n4 ,we hope1 aft] "s "t1 to be jo9$ by a few ( our fri5ds f ,engl&1 t a readi] communication w be op5$ ) ,philadelphia1 & t ! place w improve1 & become m eligible 9 o!r respects4 ,:5 ,i 0 at sea1 ,i wrote "s obs]vations on ! cause ( ! pres5t preval5ce ( infidelity1 :i* ,i publi%$1 & prefix$ to a new edition ( ! ,lett]s to ! ,philosoph]s & ,politicians ( ,france4 ,i h also publi%$ my ,fa/ & ,f>ewell s]mons1 & my small tracts 9 def5ce ( unit>ianism1 also a ,cont9uation ( ^? ,lett]s1 & a ?ird "p ( ,lett]s to a ,philosophical ,unbeliev]1 9 answ] to ,mr4 ,pa9e's ,age ( ,reason4 ,! obs]vations on ! preval5ce ( infidelity ,i h mu* enl>g$1 & int5d soon to pr9t2 b ,i am *iefly employ$ on ! ,cont9uation ( my ,hi/ory ( ! *ri/ian *ur*4 ,nor?umb]l&1 ,m>* #bd1 #agie1 9 :i* ,i h complet$ ! sixty second ye> ( my age4 ,a ,,cont9uation ,,( ,,! ,,memoirs ,,( ,,dr4 ,,joseph ,,prie/ley4 ,writt5 by 8 ,son ,joseph ,prie/ley4 ,?us f> ! n>rative is f my fa!r's manuscript1 & ,i regret extremely1 ) ! read]1 t x falls to my lot to give an acc\nt ( ! latt] p]iod ( 8 valuable life4 ,i ent]ta9$ hopes at "o "t1 t he w\ld h cont9u$ x himself2 & he 0 frequ5tly reque/$ to d s1 by me & _m ( 8 fri5ds 9 ! c\rse ( ! ye> prec$+ 8 dea?4 ,he _h !n ne>ly compleat$ all ! lit]>y works he _h 9 view1 he _h arriv$ at t p]iod ( life :51 9 imitation ( 8 fri5d ,mr4 ,l9dsey1 he _h det]m9$ n to prea* aga9 9 public1 & beyond :i* he probably w\ld n h v5tur$ to publi% any "w )\t fir/ subject+ x to ! inspection ( "s judici\s fri5d4 ,he 0 reque/$ also1 9 imitation ( ,c\ray]1 to add at ! close ( 8 ,memoirs a summ>y ( 8 religi\s op9ions4 ,?is w\ld h c\nt]act$ ! suspicions ent]ta9$ by "s1 t !y _h und]gone a consid]able *ange s9ce 8 com+ to ,am]ica2 & x 0 ?\ght by 8 fri5ds1 t su* a brief & simple /atem5t ( all t appe>$ to him ess5tial to ! *ri/ian belief1 & ! *ri/ian "*1 w\ld attract ! att5tion ( _m read]s previ\sly indispos$ to religion altoge!r1 f n und]/&+ its real nature1 & judg+ ( x only f ! corrupt1 adult]at$1 & complicat$ /ate1 9 :i* x is pr(ess$ 9 all c\ntries call$ *ri/ian4 ,unbeliev]s 9 g5]al h no conception ( ! p]fect co9cid5ce ( *ri/ianity ) rational philosophy1 ( ! sublime views x af=ds ( ! div9e b5evol5ce1 & h[ p[]fully x acts to promote ! pleasures & less5 ! evils ( ! pres5t life1 at ! same "t t x holds out to u a c]ta9 prospect ( a future & endless /ate ( enjoym5t4 ,x 0 sugge/$ to him also1 t z 8 society ?r\gh life _h be5 s+ul>ly v>i$ & ext5sive1 & 8 opportunities ( atta9+ a g5]al k ( ! _w1 & a p>ticul> k ( em95t political & lit]>y *>act]s1 v great1 x w\ld contribute mu* to ! in/ruction & amusem5t ( ^? into ^: h&s 8 ,memoirs %\ld fall1 if !y 7 accompani$ ) anecdotes ( ! pr9cipal *>act]s ) :om he _h be5 acqua9t$4 ,= he _h a fund ( anecdote :i* he 0 nev] backw>d to produce = ! amusem5t ( 8 fri5ds1 z occasions s]v$ = introduc+ x4 ,b 8 relations 7 nev] s>ca/ic or ironical1 or t5d$ to disp>age ! *>act]s ( ! p]sons spok5 (1 unless on subjects ( manife/ importance to ! int]e/s ( society4 ,he meant to h compli$ ) ! above sugge/ions1 b be+ at t "t v busily employ$ ab\t 8 ,comp>ison1 & ?9k+ 8 ,memoirs ( little value comp>$ ) ! works ab\t :i* he 0 !n engag$1 he put (f ! completion ( 8 n>rative1 until 8 o!r works %\ld be ready = ! press4 ,un=tunately ?is 0 too late4 ,! "w he _h 9 h& 0 n compleat$ until ! #bb;d ,janu>y1 :5 he 0 v weak & suff]$ greatly f 8 disord]1 & he di$ on ! #f? ( ,febru>y foll[+3 ,! read] w !re=e make all[ance = ! diff]5ce betwe5 :at ^! ,memoirs might h be51 & :at !y n[ are2 & p>ticul>ly = ! "p :i* ,i v5ture to lay be=e ! public z a cont9uation ( 8 own acc\nt4 ,! reasons t induc$ him to quit ,engl&1 & ! progress ( 8 op9ions & incl9ations respect+ t la/ important ra 9 8 life1 h be5 b briefly /at$ 9 ! prec$+ pages by himself4 ,b z _m may p]use ^! ,memoirs1 into ^: h&s 8 appeal to ! public1 occasion$ by ! riots at ,birm+ham1 & 8 ,fa/ s]mon1 9 :i* he assigns at l5g? 8 reasons = leav+ 8 native c\ntry1 are n likely to fall2 ,i ?9k x "r to pres5t to ! read]s1 9 8 own words ! hi/ory ( ! motives t impell$ him to ex*ange 8 resid5ce 9 ,engl& = "o 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! disgraceful riots at ,birm+ham 7 c]ta9ly ! *ief cause t fir/ induc$ my fa!r to ?9k ( leav+ ,engl&1 ?\gh at ! "t ( 8 writ+ ! second "p ( ! ,appeal1 9 ,augu/ #agib1 he _h n come to any det]m9ation on ! subject4 ,?is appe>s f ! foll[+ passage :i* z x %ews ! progress ( 8 discont5t1 & likewise ! true /ate ( 8 political op9ions1 p>ticul>ly 9 relation to ! ,engli% =m ( gov]nm5t ,i %all quote4-- 8,9 ?is almo/ univ]sal preval5ce ( a _s s extremely ho/ile to me & my fri5ds1 & :i* w\ld be gratifi$ by my de/ruction1 x _c be any matt] ( surprise1 t a son ( m9e %\ld wi% to ab&on a c\ntry 9 :i* 8 fa!r has be5 us$ z ,i h be51 especially :5 x is consid]$ t ?is son 0 pres5t at ! riot 9 ,birm+ham1 ex]t+ himself all ! dreadful night ( ! #ad? ( ,july1 to save :at he c\ld ( my mo/ valuable prop]ty2 t 9 consequ5ce ( ?is 8 life 0 9 imm95t dang]1 & ano!r "y man 0 ne>ly kill$ because he 0 mi/ak5 = him4 ,?is w\ld probably h be5 8 fate1 if a fri5d _h n almo/ p]=ce kept him conceal$ "s days1 s t nei!r myself nor 8 "m knew :at 0 become ( him4 ,i _h n1 h[ev]1 ! ambition to c\rt ! hon\r t has be5 %ewn him by ! national assembly ( ,france1 & ev5 decl9$ ! proposal ( 8 naturalization4 ,at ! mo/1 ,i suppos$ x w\ld h be5 done )\t any eclat2 & ,i knew no?+ ( its be+ done 9 s v hon\rable a way until ,i saw ! acc\nt 9 ! public newspap]s4 ,to :atev] c\ntry ?is son ( m9e %all *oose to atta* himself1 ,i tru/ t1 f ! good pr9ciples1 & ! _s1 t he has hi!rto %ewn1 he w dis*>ge ! duties ( a good citiz540 8,z to myself1 ,i _c be suppos$ to feel mu* atta*m5t to a c\ntry 9 :i* ,i h nei!r f\nd protection1 nor r$ress4 ,b ,i am too old1 & my habits too fix$1 to remove1 z ,i own ,i %\ld o!rwise h be5 dispos$ to d1 to ,france1 or ,am]ica4 ,! little t ,i am capable ( do+ mu/ be 9 ,engl&1 :]e ,i %all !re=e cont9ue1 z long z x %all please ! supreme ,dispos] ( all ?+s to p]mit me#be4 #be 8,s9ce ?is 0 writt51 ,i h myself1 )\t any solicitation on my "p1 be5 made a citiz5 ( ,france1 & moreov] elect$ a memb] ( ! pres5t ,conv5tional ,assembly4 ,^!1 ,i scruple n to av[1 ,i consid] z ! greate/ ( hon\rs2 ?\gh1 = ! reasons :i* are n[ made public1 ,i h decl9$ accept+ ! latt]40 ,x might h be5 ?\ght t1 hav+ writt5 s mu* 9 def5ce ( revelation1 & ( ,*ri/ianity 9 g5]al1 m p]haps ?an all ! cl]gy ( ! *ur* ( ,engl& n[ liv+2 ?is def5ce ( a common cause w\ld h be5 receiv$ z "s atonem5t = my dem]its 9 writ+ aga9/ civil e/abli%m5ts ( *ri/ianity1 & p>ticul> doctr9es4 ,b _h ,i be5 an op5 enemy ( all religion1 ! animosity aga9/ me c\ld n h be5 great] ?an x is4 ,nei!r ,mr4 ,hume nor ,mr4 ,gibbon 0 a ?\s&? "p s obnoxi\s to ! cl]gy z ,i am2 s little respect h my enemies = *ri/ianity itself1 comp>$ ) :at !y h = _! emolum5ts f x40 8,z to my suppos$ ho/ility to ! pr9ciples ( ! civil con/itution ( ?is c\ntry1 !re has be5 no pret5ce :atev] = *>g+ me ) any ?+ ( ! k9d4 ,besides t ! v catalogue ( my publications w prove t my life has be5 devot$ to lit]ature1 & *iefly to natural philosophy & !ology1 :i* h n left me any leisure = facti\s politics2 9 ! few ?+s t ,i h writt5 ( a political nature1 ,i h be5 an av[$ advocate = our mix$ gov]nm5t by ,k+1 ,lords1 & ,commons2 b because ,i h object$ to ! ecclesia/ical "p ( x1 & to p>ticul> religi\s t5ets1 ,i h be5 indu/ri\sly repres5t$ z op5ly s$iti\s1 & endeav\r+ ! ov]?r[ ( e ?+ t is fix$1 ! enemy ( all ord]1 & ( all gov]nm5t40 8,e publication :i* be>s my "n is 9 fav\r ( our pres5t =m ( gov]nm5t4 ,b if ,i _h n ?\ght s highly ( x1 & _h se5 reason = pref]r+ a m republican =m1 & _h op5ly advanc$ t op9ion2 ,i d n "k t ! propos+ to free discussion a sy/em ( gov]nm5t diff]5t f t ( ,engl&1 ev5 to ,engli%m51 is any crime1 accord+ to ! exi/+ laws ( ?is c\ntry4 ,x has always be5 ?\ght1 at lea/1 t our con/itution au?orises ! free proposal1 & discussion1 ( all !oretical pr9ciples :atev]1 political ones n except$4 ,& ?\gh ,i might n[ recomm5d a v diff]5t =m ( gov]nm5t to a p :o _h no previ\s prejudices or habits1 ! case is v diff]5t ) respect to "o t has2 & x is ! duty ( e good citiz5 to ma9ta9 t gov]nm5t ( any c\ntry :i* ! majority ( its inhabitants approve1 :e!r he himself %\ld o!rwise pref] x1 or n40 8,?is1 h[ev]1 is all t c 9 reason be requir$ ( any man4 ,to dem& m w\ld be z absurd z to oblige e man1 by ! law ( m>riage1 to ma9ta9 t 8 p>ticul> wife 0 absolutely ! h&some/1 & be/ temp]$ woman 9 ! _w2 :]eas x is surely suffici5t if a man behave well to 8 wife1 & dis*>ge ! duties ( a good husb&40 8,a v great majority ( ,engli%m51 ,i am well p]suad$1 are fri5ds to :at are call$ high maxims ( gov]nm5t4 ,!y w\ld *oose to h ! p[] ( ! cr[n r enl>g$ ?an r$uc$1 & w\ld r see all ! ,diss5t]s bani%$ ?an any re=mation made 9 ! *ur*4 ,a dread ( e ?+ t5d+ to republicanism is manife/ly increas$ ( late ye>s1 & is likely to increase /ill m4 ,! v t]m is become "o ( ! mo/ opprobri\s 9 ! ,engli% language4 ,! cl]gy 7^: ne> alliance ) ! c\rt1 & ! pres5t royal family1 aft] hav+ be5 almo/ a c5tury ho/ile to !m1 is a rem>kable ev5t 9 ! pres5t reign7 h contribut$ n a little to t lean+ to arbitr>y p[] 9 ! cr[n :i* has lately be5 gr[+ ^u u4 ,!y prea* up ! doctr9e ( passive ob$i5ce & non-resi/ance ) z little disguise z _! ance/ors did 9 ! reign ( ! ,/u>ts1 & _! adulation ( ! k+ & ( ! m9i/] is abject 9 ! extreme4 ,bo? ,mr4 ,madan's s]mon & ,mr4 ,burn's reply to my ,appeal discov] ! same _s2 & any s5tim5t 9 fav\r ( lib]ty t is at all bold & manly1 su* z1 till ( late1 0 deem$ becom+ ,engli%m5 & ! disciples ( ,mr4 ,locke1 is n[ reprobat$ z s$iti\s40 8,9 ^! circum/ances1 x w\ld be no?+ less ?an madness s]i\sly to attempt a *ange 9 ! con/itution1 & ,i hope ,i am n absolutely insane4 ,i s9c]ely wi% my c\ntrym51 z "p ( ! human race 7?\gh1 ,i own1 ,i n[ feel no p>ticul> atta*m5t to !m on any o!r gr\nd7 ! undi/urb$ enjoym5t ( t =m ( gov]nm5t :i* !y s evid5tly approve2 & z ,i h no fav\r to ask ( !m1 or ( _! gov]nors1 besides m]e protection1 z to a /rang]1 :ile ,i violate no kn[n law1 & h n ?is to ask = any long t]m1 ,i hope x w be grant$ me4 ,if n1 ,i mu/1 l _m o!rs1 9 all ages & all nations1 submit to :atev] ! supreme ,be+1 ^: eye is ^u u all1 & :o ,i believe int5ds1 & w 9 8 own "t br+ ab\t1 ! good ( all1 %all appo9t1 & by _! means execute40 ,appeal "p ,,ii page #aji4 c4 ,! ris+ dis9cl9ation :i* ! prec$+ passage %ews _h tak5 place 9 my fa!r's m9d t[>ds a long] resid5ce 9 ,engl&1 became confirm$ by v>i\s circum/ances1 p>ticul>ly ! det]m9ation ( 8 sons to emigrate to ,am]ica4 ,^!1 toge!r ) o!r reasons1 t f9ally influ5c$ 8 conduct on ! subject ( remov+ to ?is c\ntry1 are /at$ at l>ge z ,i h be=e obs]v$ 9 ! preface to 8 ,fa/ s]mon = ! ye> #agid & ,i _c s prop]ly give !m z 9 8 own words4 8,?is disc\rse1 & ^? on ! ,evid5ces ( ,div9e ,revelation1 :i* w be publi%$ ab\t ! same "t1 be+ ! la/ ( my lab\rs 9 ?is c\ntry1 ,i hope my fri5ds1 & ! public1 w indulge me :ile ,i give ! reasons ( _! be+ ! la/1 9 consequ5ce ( my hav+ at l5g?1 aft] mu* hesitation1 & n[ ) reluctance1 come to a resolution to leave ?is k+dom4 ,aft] ! riots 9 ,birm+ham1 x 0 ! expectation1 & evid5tly ! wi%1 ( _m p]sons1 t ,i %\ld imm$iately fly to ,france1 or ,am]ica4 ,b ,i _h no consci\sness ( guilt to induce me to fly my c\ntry#bf4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i came directly to ,london1 & in/antly1 by means ( my fri5d ,mr4 ,russell1 signifi$ to ! k+'s m9i/]s1 t ,i 0 !re1 & ready1 if !y ?\ght prop]1 to be int]rogat$ on ! subject ( ! riot4 ,b no notice 0 tak5 ( ! message4 #bf ,if1 in/ead ( fly+ f lawless viol5ce1 ,i _h be5 fly+ f public ju/ice1 ,i c\ld n h be5 pursu$ ) m ranc\r1 nor c\ld my fri5ds h be5 m anxi\s = my safety4 ,"o man1 :o happ5$ to see me on horseback on "o ( ! nights 9 :i* ,i escap$ f ,birm+ham1 express$ 8 regret t he _h n tak5 me1 expect+ probably "s consid]able rew>d1 z he said1 x 0 s easy = him to h done x4 ,my fri5ds e>ne/ly advis$ me to disguise myself z ,i 0 go+ to ,london4 ,b all t 0 done 9 t way 0 tak+ a place = me 9 ! mail coa*1 :i* ,i ent]$ at ,worce/]1 9 ano!r "n ?an my own4 ,h[ev]1 ! fri5d :o _h ! c\rage to receive me 9 ,london _h ?\ght x necess>y to provide a dress t %\ld disguise me1 & also a me?od ( mak+ my escape1 9 case ! h\se %\ld h be5 attack$ on my acc\nt2 & = "s "t my fri5ds w\ld n suff] me to appe> 9 ! /reets4 ,ill treat$ z ,i ?\ght ,i _h be51 n m]ely by ! populace ( ,birm+ham1 = !y 7 ! m]e tools ( _! sup]iors1 b by ! c\ntry 9 g5]al1 :i* evid5tly exult$ 9 our suff]+s1 & aft]w>ds by ! repres5tatives ( ! nation1 :o refus$ to inquire into ! cause ( !m1 ,i own ,i 0 n )\t delib]at+ ^u ! subject ( emigration2 & sev]al flatt]+ proposals 7 made me1 especially f ,france1 :i* 0 !n at peace )9 itself1 & ) all ! _w2 & ,i 0 at "o "t mu* incl9$ to g ?i!r1 on acc\nt ( its ne>ness to ,engl&1 ! agreeabl5ess ( its climate1 & my hav+ _m fri5ds !re4 ,b ,i likewise consid]$ t1 if ,i w5t ?i!r ,i %\ld h no employm5t ( ! k9d to :i* ,i _h be5 accu/om$2 & ! season ( active life n be+1 accord+ to ! c\rse ( nature1 q ov]1 ,i wi%$ to make z mu* use ( x z ,i c\ld4 ,i !re=e det]m9$ to cont9ue 9 ,engl&1 expos$ z ,i 0 n only to unb\nd$ obloquy & insult1 b to e k9d ( outrage2 & aft] my invitation to succe$ my fri5d ,dr4 ,price1 ,i _h no hesitation ab\t x4 ,accord+ly ,i took up my resid5ce :]e ,i n[ am1 ?\gh s preval5t 0 ! idea ( my insecurity1 t ,i 0 n able to take ! h\se 9 my own "n2 & :5 a fri5d ( m9e took x 9 81 x 0 ) mu* difficulty t1 aft] "s "t1 ! l&lord 0 prevail$ ^u to transf] ! lease to me4 ,he express$ 8 appreh5sions1 n only ( ! h\se t ,i occupi$1 be+ demoli%$1 b also a capital h\se 9 :i* he himself resides1 at ! di/ance ( no less ?an tw5ty miles f ,london1 :i!r he suppos$ ! riot]s w\ld g next1 m]ely = suff]+ me to live 9 a h\se ( 84 ,b ev5 ?is does n give su* an idea ( ! dang] t n only myself1 b e p]son1 & e ?+1 t _h ! slighte/ connection ) me1 7 suppos$ to be 91 z ! foll[+4 ,! manag]s ( "o ( ! pr9cipal *>ities among ! ,diss5t]s appli$ to me to prea* _! annual s]mon1 & ,i _h cons5t$4 ,b ! treasur] a man ( =tune1 :o knew no?+ m ( me ?an my "n1 0 s mu* al>m$ at x1 t he decl>$ he c\ld n sleep4 ,i !re=e1 to 8 great relief1 decl9$ prea*+ at all4 ,:5 x 0 kn[n t ,i 0 settl$ :]e ,i n[ am1 sev]al ( my fri5ds1 :o liv$ ne> me1 7 s]i\sly advis$ to remove _! pap]s1 & o!r mo/ valuable effects1 to "s place ( great] safety 9 ,london4 ,on ! #ad? ( ,july1 #agib1 x 0 tak5 = grant$ by _m ( ! neighb\rs1 t my h\se 0 to come d[n1 j z at ,birm+ham ! ye> be=e4 ,:5 ! ,hackney association 0 =m$1 sev]al s]vants 9 ! neighb\rhood actually remov$ _! goods2 & :5 !re 0 "s political meet+ at ! h\se ( ,mr4 ,breillat1 ?\gh ab\t two miles f my h\se1 a woman ^: daught] 0 s]vant 9 ! h\se contigu\s to m9e1 came to h] mi/ress1 to entreat t %e might be out ( ! way2 & x 0 n )\t mu* difficulty t %e 0 pacifi$1 & prevail$ ^u to let h] cont9ue 9 ! h\se1 h] mi/ress say+ t %e 0 z safe z h]self4 ,on sev]al o!r occasions ! neighb\rhood has be5 greatly al>m$ on acc\nt ( my be+ s ne> !m4 ,nor 0 ?is )\t app>5t reason4 ,i c\ld "n a p]son1 & to appe>ance a reputable tradesman1 :o1 9 ! company ( 8 fri5ds1 & 9 ! he>+ ( "o ( my late congregation at ,birm+ham1 b )\t kn[+ him to be su*1 decl>$ t1 9 case ( any di/urbance1 !y w\ld imm$iately come to ,hackney1 evid5tly1 = ! purpose ( mis*ief4 ,9 ?is /ate ( ?+s1 x is n to be wond]$ at1 t ( _m s]vants :o 7 recomm5d$ to me1 & "s t 7 actually hir$1 v few c\ld1 = a long "t1 be prevail$ ^u to live ) me4 ,^! facts n only %ew h[ g5]al 0 ! idea ( my p>ticul> insecurity 9 ?is c\ntry2 b :at is ( mu* m consequ5ce1 & highly int]e/+ to ! c\ntry at l>ge1 an idea ( ! g5]al disposition to riot+ & viol5ce t prevails 9 x1 & t ! ,diss5t]s are ! objects ( x4 ,mr4 ,pitt v ju/ly obs]v$1 9 8 spee* on ! subject ( ! riots at ,birm+ham1 t x 0 8! eff]vesc5ce ( ! public m9d40 ,inde$ ! eff]vescible matt] has exi/$ 9 ?is c\ntry ev] s9ce ! civil w>s 9 ! "t ( ,*>les ,i4 & x 0 p>ticul>ly app>5t 9 ! reign ( ,que5 ,anne4 ,b ! p[] ( gov]nm5t "u ! =m] pr9ces ( ! ,h\se ( ,hanov] prev5t$ its do+ any mis*ief4 ,! late ev5ts %ew t ?is p[] is no long] ex]t$ z x us$ to be1 b t1 on ! contr>y !re prevails an idea1 well or ill f\nd$1 t tumultu>y proce$+s aga9/ ,diss5t]s w n receive any effectual disc\ragem5t4 ,aft] :at has tak5 place ) respect to ,birm+ham1 all idea ( mu* haz>d = insult+ & abus+ ! ,diss5t]s is entirely vani%$2 :]eas ! disposition to injure ! ,ca?olics 0 effectually *eck$ by ! proce$+s ( ! ye> #aghj4 ,f t "t !y h be5 safe1 & ,i rejoice 9 x4 ,b f ! ye> #agia1 ! ,diss5t]s h be5 m expos$ to insult & outrage ?an ev]4 ,hav+ fix$ myself at ,clapton2 unh+$ z ,i _h be51 & hav+ lo/ ! lab\r ( sev]al ye>s2 yet flatt]+ myself t ,i %\ld end my days "h1 ,i took a long lease ( my h\se1 & exp5d$ a consid]able sum 9 improv+ x4 ,i also det]m9$1 ) ! assi/ance ( my fri5ds1 to resume my philosophical & o!r pursuits2 & aft] an int]ruption am\nt+ to ab\t two ye>s1 x 0 ) a pleasure t ,i _c describe1 t ,i ent]$ my new laboratory1 & began ! mo/ common prep>atory processes1 ) a view to "s orig9al inquiries4 ,) :at success ,i h lab\r$1 ! public has already 9 "s measure se51 & may see m h]eaft]4 ,b ?\gh ,i did n *oose 7not)/&+ ,i f\nd myself expos$ to cont9ual insult7 to leave my native c\ntry1 ,i f\nd x necess>y to provide = my sons else:]e4 ,my elde/ son 0 settl$ 9 a bus9ess1 :i* promis$ to be v advantage\s1 at ,man*e/]2 b 8 p>tn] ?\gh a man ( lib]ality himself1 in=m$ him1 on p]ceiv+ ! g5]al preval5ce ( ! _s :i* produc$ ! riots 9 ,birm+ham1 t1 ow+ to 8 relation%ip to me1 he 0 "u ! necessity ( propos+ a sep>ation1 :i* accord+ly took place4 ,on ?is he _h an invitation to jo9 ano!r connexion1 9 a bus9ess 9 :i* ! _s ( p>ty c\ld n h mu* affect$ him2 b he decl9$ x4 ,& aft] he _h be5 pres5t at ! assizes at ,w>wick1 he conceiv$ su* an idea ( ?is c\ntry1 t ,i d n believe any proposal1 h[ev] advantage\s1 w\ld h induc$ him to cont9ue 9 x2 s mu* 0 he affect$ on p]ceiv+ 8 fa!r treat$ z ,i _h be54 ,det]m9+ to g to ,am]ica1 :]e he _h no prospect b t ( be+ a f>m]1 he wi%$ to sp5d a %ort "t ) a p]son :o _h greatly di/+ui%$ himself 9 t way1 & "o :o f 8 own g5]al pr9ciples1 & 8 fri5d%ip = myself1 w\ld h giv5 him ! be/ advice & assi/ance 9 8 p[]4 ,he1 h[ev]1 decl9$ x1 & ackn[l$g$ "s "t aft]1 t _h x be5 kn[n1 z x mu/ h be51 to 8 l&lord1 t he _h a son ( m9e ) him1 he fe>$ he %\ld h be5 turn$ out ( 8 f>m4 ,my second son :o 0 pres5t bo? at ! riot1 & ! assizes1 felt m indignation /ill1 & will+ly li/5$ to a proposal to settle 9 ,france2 & !re 8 reception 0 b too flatt]+4 ,h[ev]1 on ! break+ out ( ! w> ) ?is c\ntry1 all m]cantile prospects be+ susp5d$1 he wi%$ to g to ,am]ica4 ,!re 8 elde/ & y\nge/ bro!r h jo9$ him1 & !y are n[ look+ out = a settlem5t1 hav+ z yet no fix$ views4 ,! necessity ,i 0 "u ( s5d+ my sons out ( ?is c\ntry1 0 my pr9cipal inducem5t to s5d ! little prop]ty t ,i _h out ( x too2 s t ,i _h no?+ 9 ,engl& besides my libr>y1 app>atus1 & h\sehold goods4 ,by ?is1 ,i felt myself greatly reliev$1 x be+ ( little consequ5ce :]e a man already turn$ sixty ends 8 days4 ,:atev] good or evil ,i h be5 capable (1 is n[ *iefly done2 & ,i tru/ t ! same consci\sness ( integrity1 :i* has support$ me hi!rto1 w c>ry me ?r\gh any ?+ t may yet be res]v$ = me4 ,see+1 h[ev]1 no great prospect ( do+ mu* good1 or hav+ mu* enjoym5t1 "h1 ,i am n[ prep>+ to foll[ my sons2 hop+ to be ( "s use to !m 9 _! pres5t unsettl$ /ate1 & t ,provid5ce may yet1 advanc+ 9 ye>s z ,i am1 f9d me "s sph]e ( usefulness along ) !m4 ,z to ! great odium t ,i h incurr$1 ! *>ge ( s$ition1 or my be+ an enemy to ! con/itution or peace ( my c\ntry1 is a m]e pret5ce = x2 ?\gh x has be5 s mu* urg$1 t x is n[ g5]ally believ$1 & all attempts to undeceive ! public ) respect to x avail no?+ at all4 ,! :ole c\rse ( my /udies1 f e>ly life1 %ews h[ little politics ( any k9d h be5 my object4 ,inde$ to h writt5 s mu* z ,i h 9 !ology1 & to h done s mu* 9 exp]im5tal philosophy1 & at ! same "t to h _h my m9d occupi$1 z x is suppos$ to h be51 ) facti\s politics1 ,i mu/ h _h faculties m ?an human4 ,let any p]son only ca/ 8 eye ov] ! long li/ ( my publications1 & he w see t !y relate almo/ :olly to !ology1 philosophy1 or g5]al lit]ature4 ,i did1 h[ev]1 :5 ,i 0 a y\ng] man1 & be=e x 0 9 my p[] to give mu* att5tion to philosophical pursuits1 write a small anonym\s political pamphlet1 on ! ,/ate ( ,lib]ty 9 ?is ,c\ntry1 ab\t ! "t ( ,mr4 ,wilkes's election = ,middlesex1 :i* ga9$ me ! acqua9tance1 & ,i may say ! fri5d%ip1 ( ,sir ,george ,savile1 & :i* ,i _h ! happ9ess to enjoy z long z he liv$4 ,at ! reque/ also ( ,dr4 ,frankl9 & ,dr4 ,fo!rgill1 ,i wrote an address to ! ,diss5t]s on ! subject ( ! approa*+ rupture ) ,am]ica1 a pamphlet :i* ,sir ,george ,savile1 & my o!r fri5ds1 circulat$ 9 great numb]s1 & x 0 ?\ght ) "s effect4 ,aft] ?is ,i entirely ceas$ to write any ?+ on ! subject ( politics1 except z f> z ! bus9ess ( ! ,te/ ,act1 & ( ,civil ,e/abli%m5ts ( ,religion1 _h a connection ) politics4 ,& ?\gh1 at ! recomm5dation ( ,dr4 ,price1 ,i 0 pres5tly aft] ?is tak5 into ! family ( ! ,m>quis ( ,l&sd[ne1 & ,i ent]$ into almo/ all 8 views1 z ?9k+ !m j & lib]al1 ,i nev] wrote a s+le political pamphlet1 or ev5 a p>agraph 9 a newspap]1 all ! "t t ,i 0 ) him1 :i* 0 sev5 ye>s4 ,i nev] prea*$ a political s]mon 9 my life2 unless su* z1 ,i believe all ,diss5t]s usually prea* on ! fif? ( ,novemb]1 9 fav\r ( civil & religi\s lib]ty1 may be said to be political4 ,& on ^! occasions1 ,i am confid5t1 t ,i nev] advanc$ any s5tim5t b su* z1 until ( late ye>s1 w\ld h t5d$ to recomm5d1 r ?an r5d] me obnoxi\s1 to ^? :o direct ! adm9i/ration ( ?is c\ntry4 ,& ! doctr9es :i* ,i adopt$ :5 "y1 & :i* 7 ev5 popul> !n 7except ) ! cl]gy1 :o 7 at t "t g5]ally disaffect$ to ! family on ! ?rone7 ,i _c ab&on1 m]ely because ! times are s *ang$1 t !y are n[ become unpopul>1 & ! expression & communication ( !m haz>d\s4 ,f>!r1 ?\gh ,i by no means disapprove ( societies = political in=mation1 su* z are n[ e :]e disc\nt5anc$1 & g5]ally suppress$1 ,i nev] 0 a memb] ( any ( !m2 nor1 inde$1 did ,i ev] att5d any public meet+1 if ,i c\ld dec5tly avoid x1 ow+ to habits acquir$ 9 /udi\s & retir$ life4 ,f a mi/ake ( my tal5ts & disposition1 ,i 0 invit$ by _m ( ! dep>tm5ts 9 ,france1 to repres5t !m 9 ! pres5t ,national ,conv5tion1 aft] ,i _h be5 made a citiz5 ( ,france1 on acc\nt ( my be+ consid]$ z "o :o _h be5 p]secut$ = my atta*m5t to ! cause ( lib]ty "h4 ,b ?\gh ! invitation 0 repeat$ ) ! mo/ flatt]+ importunity1 ,i nev] hesitat$ ab\t decl9+ x4 ,i c f>!r say ) respect to politics1 conc]n+ :i* ,i believe e ,engli%man has "s op9ion or o!r 7& at pres5t1 ow+ to ! peculi> nature ( ! pres5t w>1 x is almo/ ! only topic ( g5]al conv]sation7 t1 except 9 company1 ,i h>dly ev] ?9k ( ! subject1 my read+1 m$itation1 & writ+1 be+ almo/ :olly engross$ by !ology1 & philosophy2 & ( late1 z = _m ye>s be=e ! riots 9 ,birm+ham1 ,i h sp5t a v great proportion ( my "t1 z my fri5ds well "k1 9 my laboratory4 ,if1 !n1 my real crime has n be5 s$ition1 or treason1 :at has x be58 ,= e effect mu/ h "s adequate cause1 & !re=e ! odium t ,i h incurr$ mu/ h be5 ow+ to some?+ 9 my decl>$ s5tim5ts1 or conduct1 t has expos$ me to x4 ,9 my op9ion1 x _c h be5 any ?+ b my op5 ho/ility to ! doctr9es ( ! e/abli%$ *ur*1 & m especially to all civil e/abli%m5ts ( religion :atev]4 ,?is has br\ght ^u me ! implacable res5tm5t ( ! great body ( ! cl]gy2 & !y h f\nd o!r me?ods ( oppos+ me besides argum5t1 & t use ( ! press :i* is equally op5 to u all4 ,!y h also f\nd an able ally & *ampion 9 ,mr4 ,burke1 :o 7)\t any provocation except t ( answ]+ 8 book on ! ,fr5* ,revolution7 has tak5 sev]al opportunities ( inveigh+ aga9/ me1 9 a place :]e he kn[s ,i _c reply to him1 & f :i* he also kn[s t 8 accusation w rea* e corn] ( ! c\ntry1 & consequ5tly ?\s&s ( p]sons :o w nev] read any writ+s ( m9e#bg4 ,!y h _h ano!r1 & /ill m effectual vehicle ( _! abuse 9 :at are call$ ! treasury newspap]s1 & o!r popul> publications4 #bg ,mr4 ,burke hav+ said 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 t 8,i 0 made a citiz5 ( ,france on acc\nt ( my decl>$ ho/ility to ! con/itution ( ?is c\ntry10 ,i1 9 ! public pap]s1 d5i$ ! *>ge1 & call$ ^u him = ! pro(s ( x4 ,z he made no reply1 ,i said1 9 ! preface to my ,fa/ ,s]mon ( ! la/ ye>1 p4 #i1 t 8x suffici5tly appe>$ t he _h nei!r ability to ma9ta9 8 *>ge1 nor virtue to retract x40 ,a ye> m ( sil5ce on 8 "p hav+ n[ elaps$1 ?is is become m evid5t ?an be=e4 ,by ^! & o!rs means1 ! same p>ty _s :i* 0 ! cause ( ! riots 9 ,birm+ham1 has be5 increas+ ev] s9ce1 especially 9 t neighb\rhood4 ,a rem>kable in/ance ( ?is may be se5 9 a ,lett] address$1 b n s5t1 to me f ,mr4 ,foley1 rector ( ,/\rbridge1 :o ackn[l$ges ! satisfaction t he & 8 bre?r5 h receiv$ f "o ( ! grosse/ & co>se/ pieces ( abuse ( me t has yet appe>$1 :i*1 z a curi\s specim5 ( ! k9d1 ,i ins]t$ 9 ! ,app5dix ( my ,appeal1 & 9 :i* ,i am repres5t$ z no bett] ?an ,guy ,fawkes1 or ! devil himself4 ,?is v ,*ri/ian div9e recomm5ds to ! memb]s ( ! e/abli%$ *ur* to decl9e all comm]cial deal+s ) ! ,diss5t]s1 z an effectual me?od ( ext]m9at+ !m4 ,?is me?od has be5 actually adopt$ 9 _m p>ts ( ,engl&4 ,also great numb]s ( ! be/ f>m]s & artizans 9 ,engl& h be5 dismiss$ because !y w\ld n g to ! e/abli%$ *ur*4 ,defoe's ,%orte/ ,way ) ! ,diss5t]s#bh w\ld h taught ! fri5ds ( ! *ur* a m effectual me?od /ill4 ,& yet ?is ,mr4 ,foley1 :om ,i nev] saw1 & :o c\ld n h _h any p>ticul> cause ( enmity to me1 _h1 l ,mr4 ,madan ( ,birm+ham1 a "* = lib]ality4 ,:at1 !n1 h we to expect f o!rs1 :5 we f9d s mu* bigotry & ranc\r 9 su* m5 z ^!8 ,_m times1 by ! enc\ragem5t ( p]sons f :om bett] ?+s might h be5 expect$1 ,i h be5 burn$ 9 effigy along ) ,mr4 ,pa9e2 & numb]less insult+ & ?reat5+ lett]s h be5 s5t to me f all p>ts ( ! k+dom4#bi ,x is n possible = any man to h conduct$ himself m peaceably ?an ,i h done all ! "t t ,i h liv$ at ,clapton1 yet x has n exempt$ me n only f ! wor/ suspicions1 b v gross insults4 ,a v fri5dly & innoc5t club1 :i* ,i f\nd 9 ! place1 has be5 consid]$ z ,jacob9 *iefly on my acc\nt2 & at "o "t !re 0 cause ( appreh5sion t ,i %\ld h be5 br\ght into dang] = l5d+ "o ( ,mr4 ,pa9e's books4 ,b ) "s difficulty ! neighb\rhood 0 satisfi$ t ,i 0 innoc5t4 #bh ,a tract writt5 9 a grave ironical /ile1 advis+ to hang !m all4 #bi ,9 "o ( ^! ,i 0 ?reat5$ ) be+ burn$ alive be=e a sl[ fire4 ,z no?+ _h be5 paid to me on acc\nt ( damages 9 ! riot1 :5 ,i publi%$ ! second "p ( my ,appeal to ! public on ! subject1 x may be prop] to say1 t x 0 paid "s "t 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> #agic1 ) int]e/ only f ! fir/ ( ,janu>y ( ! same ye>1 ?\gh ! injury 0 receiv$ 9 ,july1 #agia2 :5 equity evid5tly requir$1 t x ought to h be5 all[$ f ! "t ( ! riot1 especially z1 9 all ! cases1 ! all[ance 0 f> %ort ( ! loss4 ,9 my case x fell %ort1 z ,i h %ewn1 n less ?an two ?\s& p\nds4 ,& ! losses su/a9$ by ! o!r suff]]s f> exce$$ m9e4 ,public ju/ice also requir$ t1 if ! =ms ( law1 local enmity or any o!r cause1 _h prev5t$ our receiv+ full indemnification1 x %\ld h be5 made up to u f ! public treasury2 ! great end ( all civil gov]nm5t be+ protection f viol5ce1 or an indemnification = x4 ,:atev] we might 9 equity claim1 ! c\ntry owes u1 &1 if x be j1 w "s "t or o!r pay1 & ) int]e/4 ,i w\ld f>!r obs]ve1 t s9ce1 9 a v>iety ( cases1 money is all[$ :]e ! injury is n ( a pecuni>y nature1 m]ely because no o!r comp5sation c be giv51 ! same %\ld h be5 done ) respect to me1 on acc\nt ( ! de/ruction ( my manuscripts1 ! int]ruption ( my pursuits1 ! loss ( a pleas+ & advantage\s situation1 c4 c4 & _h ! injury be5 su/a9$ by a cl]gyman1 he w\ld1 ,i d\bt n1 h claim$1 & be5 all[$1 v l>ge damages on ?is acc\nt4 ,s f>1 h[ev]1 0 !re f be+ any idea ( ! k9d 9 my fav\r1 t my c\nsel advis$ me to make no m5tion ( my manuscript ,lectures on ! ,con/itution ( ,engl&1 a "w ab\t z l>ge z t ( ,black/one 7z may be se5 by ! syllabus ( ! p>ticul> lectures1 sixty-?ree 9 all1 publi%$ 9 ! fir/ edition ( my ,essay on a ,c\rse ( lib]al ,education = civil & active ,life7 because x w\ld be tak5 = grant$ t !y 7 ( a s$iti\s nature1 & w\ld !re=e h be5 ( diss]vice to me ) ! jury4 ,accord+ly !y 71 9 ! acc\nt ( my losses1 includ$ 9 ! article ( s mu* pap]4 ,aft] ^! losses1 _h ,i _h no?+ b ! ju/ice ( my c\ntry to look to1 ,i mu/ h sunk "u ! burd51 incapable ( any f>!r ex]tions4 ,x 0 ! seasonable g5]osity ( my fri5ds t prev5t$ ?is1 & put x 9 my p[]1 ?\gh ) ! unavoidable loss ( ne> two ye>s1 to resume my =m] pursuits4 ,a f>!r pro( ( ! excessive bigotry ( ?is c\ntry is1 t1 ?\gh ! cl]gy ( ,birm+ham res5t+ :at ,i advanc$ 9 ! fir/ "p ( my ,appeal1 repli$ to x1 & pl$g$ !mselves to g ?r\gh ) ! enquiry along ) me1 till ! :ole tru? %\ld be inve/igat$1 !y h made no reply to ! ,second ,"p ( my ,appeal1 9 :i* ,i br\ght specific *>ges aga9/ !mselves1 & o!r p]sons by "n1 prov+ !m to h be5 ! promot]s & abettors ( ! riot2 & yet !y h z mu* respect %[n to !m z ev]1 & ! c\ntry at l>ge pays no att5tion to x4 ,_h ! cl]gy be5 ! injur$ p]sons1 & ,diss5t]s ! riot]s1 unable to answ] ! *>ges br\ght aga9/ !m1 s great w\ld h be5 ! g5]al indignation at _! conduct1 t ,i am p]suad$ x w\ld n h be5 possible = !m to cont9ue 9 ! c\ntry4 ,i c\ld1 if ,i 7 s dispos$1 give my read]s _m m in/ances ( ! bigotry ( ! cl]gy ( ! *ur* ( ,engl& ) respect to me1 :i* c\ld n fail to excite1 9 g5]\s m9ds1 equal indignation & contempt2 b ,i =be>4#cj ,_h ,i1 h[ev]1 =ese5 :at ,i am n[ witness to1 ,i c]ta9ly %\ld n h made any attempt to replace my libr>y or app>atus1 & ,i soon rep5t$ ( hav+ done x4 ,b ?is be+ done1 ,i 0 will+ to make "s use ( bo? be=e ano!r int]ruption ( my pursuits4 ,i began to philosophize1 & make exp]im5ts1 r late 9 life1 be+ ne> =ty1 = want ( ! necess>y means ( do+ any ?+ 9 ?is way2 & my pursuits h be5 mu* int]rupt$ by removals 7nev] inde$ *os5 by myself1 b r5d]$ necess>y by circum/ances7 & my "t be+ n[ %ort1 ,i hop$ to h _h no occasion = m ?an "o1 & t a f9al1 remove4 ,b ! circum/ances above m5tion$ h induc$ me1 ?\gh ) great & s9c]e regret1 to und]take ano!r1 & to a great] di/ance ?an any t ,i h hi!rto made4 #cj ,at a d9n] ( all ! ,preb5d>ies ( a ca!dral *ur*1 ! conv]sation turn+ on ! riots 9 ,birm+ham1 & on a cl]gyman hav+ said t if ,i 7 m\nt$ on a pile ( my publications1 he w\ld set fire to !m1 & burn me alive1 !y all decl>$ t !y w\ld be ready to d ! same4 ,i pr(ess n to be unmov$ by ! aspect ( ?+s exhibit$ 9 ?is disc\rse4 ,b not)/&+ ?is1 ,i %\ld will+ly h await$ my fate 9 my native c\ntry1 :atev] x _h be51 if ,i _h n _h sons 9 ,am]ica1 & if ,i did n ?9k t a field ( public usefulness1 :i* is evid5tly clos+ ^u me "h1 might op5 to m advantage !re4 ,i own also t ,i am n unaffect$ by su* unexampl$ puni%m5ts z ^? ( ,mr4 ,muir & my fri5d ,mr4 ,palm]1 = (f5ces1 :i*1 if1 9 ! eye ( reason1 !y be any at all1 are slight1 & v insuffici5tly prov$2 a measure s subv]sive ( t fre$om ( speak+ & act+1 :i* has hi!rto be5 ! great pride ( ,britons4 ,b ! s5t5ce ( ,mr4 ,w9t]bo?am1 = deliv]+ f ! pulpit :at ,i am p]suad$ he nev] did deliv]1 & :i*1 simil> evid5ce might h drawn ^u myself1 or any o!r diss5t+ m9i/]1 :o 0 an object ( g5]al dislike1 has some?+ 9 x /ill m al>m+#ca4 ,b ,i tru/ t consci\s innoc5ce w\ld support me z x does him1 "u :atev] prejudic$ & viol5t m5 might d to me1 z well z say ( me4 ,b ,i see no occasion to expose myself to dang] )\t any prospect ( do+ good1 or to cont9ue any long] 9 a c\ntry 9 :i* ,i am s unju/ly become ! object ( g5]al dislike1 & n retire to ano!r1 :]e ,i h reason to ?9k ,i %all be bett] receiv$4 ,& ,i tru/ t ! same good ,provid5ce :i* has att5d$ me hi!rto1 & made me happy 9 my pres5t situation1 & all my =m] ones1 w att5d & bless me 9 :at may /ill be be=e me4 ,9 all ev5ts1 ,! w ( ,god be done4 #ca ,i tru/ t ! fri5ds ( lib]ty1 especially among ! ,diss5t]s1 w n fail to d e ?+ 9 _! p[] to make ,mr4 ,w9t]bo?am's conf9em5t1 & also ! suff]+s ( ,mr4 ,palm] & 8 companions1 z easy to !m z possible4 ,hav+ be5 assi/$ 9 a season ( p]secution myself1 ,i %\ld be v ill des]v+ ( ! fav\rs ,i h receiv$1 if ,i 0 n p>ticul>ly desir\s ( recomm5d+ su* cases z !irs to g5]al consid]ation4 ,"h diff]5ce 9 religi\s s5tim5t is lea/ ( all to be att5d$ to4 ,on ! contr>y1 let ^? :o 9 ?is respect diff] ! mo/ f ,mr4 ,w9t]bo?am1 :i* is my own case1 ex]t !mselves ! mo/ 9 8 fav\r4 ,:5 m5 ( unque/ionable integrity & piety suff] 9 consequ5ce ( act+ 7z su* p]sons always w d7 f a pr9ciple ( consci5ce1 !y mu/ comm& ! respect ev5 ( _! enemies1 if !y also act f pr9ciple1 ?\gh !y be !reby l$ to proce$ 9 an opposite direction4 ,! case ( m5 ( education & reflection 7& :o act f ! be/ int5tions ) respect to ! community7 committ+ :at only /ate policy requires to be consid]$ z crimes1 b :i* are all[$ on all h&s to imply no moral turpitude1 s z to r5d] !m unfit = heav5 & happ9ess h]eaft]1 is n to be conf\nd$ ) t ( common felons4 ,!re 0 no?+ 9 ! conduct ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 & 8 m9i/]s1 t appe>$ s %ock+1 s contr>y to all ideas ( ju/ice1 humanity & dec5cy1 & t has contribut$ m to r5d] _! memory execrat$1 ?an s5d+ su* m5 z ,mr4 ,m>olles1 & o!r em95t ,prote/ants1 :o are n[ rev]$ z sa9ts & m>tyrs1 to ! galleys1 along ) ! vile/ miscreants4 ,comp>$ ) ?is1 ! puni%m5t ( dea? w\ld be m]cy4 ,i tru/ t1 ! ,scots 9 g5]al w ?9k ^! measures a disgrace to _! c\ntry4 ,i _c refra9 f repeat+ aga91 t ,i leave my native c\ntry ) real regret1 nev] expect+ to f9d any :]e else society s suit$ to my disposition & habits1 su* fri5ds z ,i h "h 7^: atta*m5t has be5 m ?an a balance to all ! abuse ,i h met ) f o!rs7 & especially to replace "o p>ticul> ,*ri/ian fri5d1 9 ^: abs5ce ,i %all1 = "s "t at lea/1 f9d all ! _w a blank4 ,/ill less c ,i expect to resume my fav\rite pursuits1 ) any ?+ l ! advantages ,i enjoy "h4 ,9 leav+ ?is c\ntry ,i also ab&on a s\rce ( ma9t5ance1 :i* ,i c b ill be> to lose4 ,i c1 h[ev] truly say1 t ,i leave x )\t any res5tm5t1 or ill-w4 ,on ! contr>y1 ,i s9c]ely wi% my c\ntrym5 all happ9ess2 & :5 ! "t = reflection 7:i* my abs5ce may accel]ate7 %all come1 !y w1 ,i am confid5t1 d me m ju/ice4 ,!y w be conv9c$ t e suspicion !y h be5 l$ to ent]ta9 to my disadvantage has be5 ill f\nd$1 & t ,i h ev5 "s claim to _! gratitude & e/eem4 ,9 ?is case1 ,i %all look ) satisfaction to ! "t :51 if my life be prolong$1 ,i may visit my fri5ds 9 ?is c\ntry2 & p]haps ,i may1 not)/&+ my removal = ! pres5t1 f9d a grave 7z ,i believe is naturally ! wi% ( e man7 9 ! l& t gave me bir?40 ,on ! #h? day ( ,april #agid1 my fa!r set sail f ,london1 & arriv$ at ,new-,york on ! #d? ( ,june1 :]e he /aid ab\t a =tnight4 ,_m p]sons w5t to meet him ^u 8 l&+1 & :ile he /aid at ,new-,york he receiv$ addresses f v>i\s ,societies1 & great att5tion f _m ( ! mo/ respectable p]sons 9 ! place4 ,f !nce he proce$$ to ,philadelphia1 :]e he receiv$ an address f ! ,am]ican ,philosophical ,society4 ,indep5d5t ( ! above m>ks ( respect1 he 0 *os5 by an unanim\s vote ( ! ,tru/ees ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,philadelphia1 pr(essor ( ,*emi/ry4 ,he 0 likewise invit$ to return & /ay at ,new-,york1 & op5 an ,unit>ian place ( wor%ip1 :i* 0 to h be5 provid$ = him1 & also to give ,lectures on ,exp]im5tal ,philosophy to "o hundr$ subscrib]s at t5 doll>s ea*4 ,^! invitations inde$ he did n receive until he _h be5 settl$ "s little "t at ,nor?umb]l&4 ,^! are suffici5t pro(s t ! citiz5s ( ?is c\ntry 7 n ins5sible to 8 m]it z a ,philosoph]1 & t !y e/eem$ him = ! "p he took 9 ! politics ( ,europe4 ,t he 0 n invit$ imm$iately on 8 arrival to prea* ei!r at ,new-,york or ,philadelphia1 0 n f any want ( respect = 8 "*1 b because ,unit>ianism 0 9 a mann] unkn[n1 & by _m ignorantly suppos$ to h "s connection ) infidelity4 ,! prop] evid5ces ( *ri/ianity1 ! corruptions x has suff]$1 ! mon/r\s additions t h be5 engraft$ on its primitive simplicity1 & ! real /ate ( ! op9ions ( *ri/ians 9 ! fir/ ages ( ! *ur*1 7 subjects t _h h>dly ev] be5 discuss$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,! controv]sies t _h be5 c>ri$ on 9 ,engl& _h n awak5$ att5tion "h1 & !re=e ?\gh my fa!r 0 kn[n z hav+ suff]$ 9 consequ5ce ( 8 opposition to ! e/abli%$ religion ( 8 c\ntry1 yet 8 p>ticul> op9ions 7 little und]/ood4 ,z 8 religi\s t5ets became m kn[n1 ^! prejudices wore away1 & indep5d5t ( ! proposal to op5 a place ( ,unit>ian wor%ip at ,new-,york1 m5tion$ above1 ,i %all h occasion to /ate ! great reason he _h to be satisfi$ ) ! te/imonies ( respect paid to him1 by ! mo/ em95t p]sons 9 ! c\ntry1 n m]ely 9 8 "* z a ,philosoph]1 b z a prea*] ( ! ,gospel4 ,ab\t ! middle ( ,july #agid my fa!r left ,philadelphia = ,nor?umb]l&1 a t[n situat$ at ! conflu5ce ( ! ,nor?-,ea/ & ,we/ bran*es ( ! ,susquehanna1 & ab\t #acj miles ,nor?-,we/ ( ,philadelphia4 ,i1 & "s o!r ,engli% g5tlem51 _h project$ a settlem5t ( #cjj1jjj acres ( l&1 ab\t fifty miles di/ant f ,nor?umb]l&4 ,! subscription 0 fill$ *iefly by p]sons 9 ,engl&4 ,nor?umb]l& be+ at t "t ! ne>e/ t[n to ! propos$ settlem5t1 my fa!r wi%$ to see ! place1 & asc]ta9 :at conv5i5cies x w\ld af=d %\ld he incl9e ei!r to fix !re p]man5tly1 or only until ! settlem5t %\ld be suffici5tly advanc$ = 8 accommodation2 he 0 induc$ likewise to retreat1 at lea/ = ! summ] mon?s1 into ! c\ntry1 fe>+ ! effects ( ! hot wea!r 9 su* a city z ,philadelphia4 ,he _h n1 z has be5 errone\sly report$1 ! lea/ conc]n 9 ! project$ settlem5t4 ,he 0 n consult$ 9 ! =mation ( ! plan ( x1 nor _h he come to any det]m9ation to jo9 x _h x be5 c>ri$ into effect4 ,! s*eme ( settlem5t 0 n conf9$ to any p>ticul> class or "* ( m51 religi\s1 or political4 ,x 0 set on foot to be z x 7 a rally+ po9t = ! ,engli%1 :o 7 at t "t emigrat+ to ,am]ica 9 great numb]s1 & :o x 0 ?\ght1 w\ld be m happy 9 society ( ! k9d !y _h be5 accu/om$ to1 ?an !y w\ld be1 disp]s$1 z !y n[ are1 ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x 0 f>!r ?\ght1 t by ! union ( indu/ry & capital1 ! wild]ness w\ld soon become cultivat$ & equal to any o!r "p ( ! c\ntry 9 e ?+ necess>y to ! enjoym5t ( life4 ,to promote ?is z mu* z possible1 ! orig9al projectors ( t s*eme res]v$ only a few %>es = !mselves1 = :i* !y paid ! same z ^? :o _h no tr\ble or exp5ce ei!r 9 =m+ ! plan1 or c>ry+ x into execution4 ,?is !y did1 ) a view to take away all s\rce ( jeal\sy1 & to increase ! facility ( settlem5t1 by increas+ ! proportion ( settl]s to ! quantity ( l& to be settl$4 ,=tunately = ! orig9al propos]s1 ! s*eme 0 ab&on$4 ,x might & w\ld h answ]$ 9 a pecuni>y po9t ( view1 z ! l& n[ sells at d\ble & treble ! price !n ask$ = x1 )\t ! advantages :i* t settlem5t w\ld h giv5 rise to2 b ! g5]ality ( ,engli%m5 come to ?is c\ntry ) su* errone\s ideas1 &1 unless previ\sly accu/om$ to a life ( lab\r1 are s ill qualifi$ to comm5ce cultivation 9 a wild]ness1 t ! projectors w\ld mo/ probably h be5 subject to /ill m unf\nd$ abuse ?an !y h be51 = _! well meant endeav\rs to promote ! int]e/s ( _! c\ntrym54 ,! s*eme ( settlem5t ?us fail+1 = reasons :i* x is n necess>y n[ to /ate1 my fa!r1 /ruck ) ! beauty ( ! situation ( ,nor?umb]l&1 :i* is univ]sally all[$ to be equal if n sup]ior to any 9 ! /ate2 believ+ t1 f ! nature ( its situation1 x 0 likely to become a great ?or\ghf>e1 & hav+ reason to consid] x z heal?y z x 0 pleasant1 ! int]mitt5ts to :i* x has latt]ly be5 subject be+ !n unkn[n1 det]m9$ to settle !re4 ,be=e he came to ?is resolution h[ev]1 he _h ! (f] ( ! ,pr(essor%ip ( ,*emi/ry 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania1 be=e m5tion$1 :i* w\ld probably h yield$ him #cjjj doll>s p] annum1 !re be+ g5]ally ab\t #bjj /ud5ts 9 ,m$ic9e ( :om ab\t #aej att5d ! ,*emical ,lectures2 z likewise ! (f] ( a situation z ,unit>ian ,prea*] & ,lectur] 9 ,natural ,philosophy z ,i h likewise m5tion$ be=e4 ,at t "t he _h no inducem5t to settle at ,nor?umb]l& contr>y to 8 incl9ation1 z 8 books & app>atus 7 /ill at ,philadelphia1 8 sons _h n fix$ ^u any place ( settlem5t = !mselves1 & nei!r he1 nor !y1 _h pur*as$ a s+le foot ( l& 9 ! t[n or ! neighb\rhood ( x4 ,! foll[+ reasons among o!rs induc$ him to pref] a c\ntry to a city life4 ,he ?\ght t if he und]took ! duties ( a pr(essor1 he %\ld n be s mu* at lib]ty to foll[ 8 fav\rite pursuits z he c\ld wi%1 & t ! exp5ce ( liv+ at ,philadelphia or ,new-,york w\ld c\nt]balance ! advantages result+ f 8 sal>y2 & inde$1 at t "t he _h no occasion to att5d to any pecuni>y consid]ations1 z he believ$ 8 income1 calculat+ ^u 8 prop]ty 9 ! ,fr5* funds 7:i* h[ev] f circum/ances n necess>y to be /at$ 9 ?is place1 nev] produc$ him any ?+17 to be m ?an equal to 8 wants2 b :at _h great] weight ) him ?an any ?+ else 0 t my "m1 :o _h be5 h>rass$ 9 h] m9d ev] s9ce ! riots at ,birm+ham1 ?\ght t by liv+ 9 ! c\ntry1 at a di/ance f ! cities1 %e %\ld be m likely to obta9 t quiet ( :i* %e /ood s mu* 9 ne$4 ,soon aft] 8 settlem5t at ,nor?umb]l&1 _m p]sons1 ) a view t 8 qualifications z an in/ructor ( y\? %\ld n be :olly lo/ to ! c\ntry1 concurr$ 9 a plan = ! e/abli%m5t ( a college at ,nor?umb]l&4 ,to ?is s*eme sev]al subscrib$ f ?is motive alone4 ,_m ( ! pr9cipal l&hold]s1 p>tly f ! above & p>tly f motives ( int]e/1 contribut$ l>gely bo? 9 money & l&1 & !re 0 a fair prospect1 f ! lib]al pr9ciples ^u :i* x 0 f\nd$1 t x w\ld h be5 ( v great advantage to ! c\ntry4 ,my fa!r 0 reque/$ to draw up a plan ( ! c\rse ( /udy he w\ld recomm5d1 z well z ! rules = ! int]nal managem5t ( ! in/itution1 & he 0 appo9t$ ,presid5t4 ,he h[ev] decl9$ receiv+ any emolum5t1 & propos$ giv+ su* lectures z he 0 be/ qualifi$ =1 gratis2 9 ! same mann] z he _h done at ,hackney1 & he meant to h giv5 to ! in/itution ! use ( 8 libr>y & app>atus1 until ! /ud5ts c\ld h be5 furni%$ ) !m by means ( ! funds ( ! college4 ,9 consequ5ce ( ! unexpect$ failure ( "s ( ! pr9cipal contributors1 ! s*eme fell ?r\gh at t "t1 & little m 0 done dur+ my fa!r's life "t ?an to raise ! %ell ( a conv5i5t build+4 ,i %all 9 ?is place /ate1 ?\gh ,i %all anticipate1 9 s do+1 t 9 ! ye> #ahjc a vacancy occurr$ 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,p5nsylvania1 by ! dea? ( ,dr4 ,eu51 ,pr9cipal ( t in/itution4 ,x 0 intimat$ to my fa!r by _m ( ! ,tru/ees1 t 9 case he w\ld accept ( ! appo9tm5t1 !re 0 little d\bt ( 8 obta9+ x2 ,mr4 ,m',kean1 ! pres5t gov]nor ( ! ,/ate ( ,p5nsylvania1 be+ among o!rs p>ticul>ly anxi\s t he %\ld accept ( x4 ,9 addition to ! reasons t _h induc$ him to decl9e ! (f] ( ! ,pr(essor%ip ( ,*emi/ry 7 to be add$ ! weak /ate ( 8 heal?1 :i* w\ld h made ! idea ( 8 hav+ any s]i\s engagem5t to fulfil1 v irksome to him2 he accord+ly decl9$ x4 ,he _h frequ5t intimations ( o!r proposals ( a simil> nature t w\ld h be5 made to him1 _h x n become g5]ally kn[n1 t he c\ld n acc$e to !m f _! be+ inconsi/5t ) ! plan ( life he _h laid d[n = himself4 ,i h be5 ?us p>ticul> 9 ! acc\nt ( 8 reasons = settl+ at ,nor?umb]l&1 & ( ! diff]5t inducem5ts (f]$ to him to fix else:]e1 to d away ! errone\s reports respect+ ! =m]1 & likewise to c\nt]act ! idea t has be5 s indu/ri\sly circulat$ 9 ,engl&1 t 8 abilities 7 und]valu$1 t ! bigotry & prejudice he _h to enc\nt] 9 ?is c\ntry1 7 great] ?an 7 oppos$ to him 9 ,engl&2 t 8 life 0 9 consequ5ce r5d]$ uncom=table1 & t if he c\ld1 he w\ld h be5 glad to h return$ to 8 native c\ntry1 b 0 re/ra9$ by a s5se ( %ame4 ,"s col\r 0 giv5 to ^! reports by _m ( 8 c\ntrym5 :o1 f motives be/ kn[n to !mselves1 p]haps ?9k+ !reby to excuse ! inconsi/5cy ( _! own conduct1 corroborat$ ! acc\nts1 ?\gh _m ( !m _h nev] se5 my fa!r 9 ?is c\ntry1 & _h no au?ority :atev] = ass]tions :i* 7 entirely calumnies4 ,"s curr5cy 0 also giv5 to ! /atem5t1 by ! false & injuri\s acc\nts publi%$ by ! ,duke de ,lianc\rt1 ^: book if ,i may judge ( x by t "p :i* treats ( ,p5nsylvania1 & ( ?is neighb\rhood 9 p>ticul>1 is n entitl$ to ! lea/ cr$it1 be+ false 9 almo/ e p>ticul>4 ,?is my fa!r himself has /at$ 9 a lett] address$ to him4 ,! writ]1 und]/&+ ! language ( ! c\ntry b v imp]fectly1 mu/ necess>ily h be5 liable to _m mi/akes2 nor is x to be wond]$ at t a man :o details all ! tittle tattle ( e table to :i* he is invit$1 & :o c basely conv]t ! hospitable reception he meets ) 9 a /range c\ntry1 into ! means ( turn+ into ridicule ^? :o %ew$ him att5tion & meant to s]ve him1 %\ld be ev5 capable ( fabricat+ & circulat+ gross & injuri\s falsehoods respect+ individuals4 ,i %\ld disgrace myself1 9 my op9ion1 & /ill m %\ld ,i disgrace ! high situation :i* my fa!r held 9 ! e/eem ( ! public1 7 ,i 9 ?is "w to ent] into any fur!r consid]ation ( 8 attack on my fa!r's "*1 satisfi$ t x is beyond ! rea* ( 8 falsehoods & unprovok$ malevol5ce4 ,my fa!r w\ld1 no d\bt1 h be5 glad to h return$ to ,engl&1 & h enjoy$ ! society ( 8 old & mu* valu$ fri5ds2 he w\ld h rejoic$ to h be5 ne>] ! c5tre ( ! ,arts & ,sci5ces2 to h be5 jo9$ aga9 to 8 congregation & resum$ 8 duties z a ,*ri/ian ,prea*]2 he w\ld h be5 glad at ! close ( life1 z he expresses himself1 8to h f\nd a grave 9 ! l& t gave him bir?20 b ?is 0 impossible3 & no p]son c read ! preface to 8 ,fa/ ,s]mon1 quot$ above1 b mu/ be conv9c$ ( x4 ,?\gh he rais$ ! cr$it ( 8 native c\ntry by ! brilliancy1 ! ext5t & ! usefulness ( 8 discov]ies 9 diff]5t bran*es ( sci5ce2 ?\gh dur+ 8 :ole life he inculcat$ pr9ciples ( virtue & religion1 :i* ! gov]nm5t pret5d$ at lea/ to believe 7 necess>y to ! well be+ ( ! /ate2 ?\gh 9 no "o s+le act ( 8 life _h he violat$ any law ( 8 c\ntry or enc\rag$ o!rs to d s1 :at 0 ! treatm5t he met ) 9 t l& ( boa/$ civilization1 & at ! close ( ! #ah? ,c5tury8 ,x is suffici5tly kn[n1 & w1 z x ought to d1 affect ! "* ( ! nation at l>ge4 ,!re=e1 ?\gh he c\ld h =gott5 & =giv5 all t 0 pa/1 ?\gh ! above m5tion$ motives w\ld h _h great weight 9 induc+ him to return1 yet !re 0 no reason to expect t he %\ld meet h]eaft] ) bett] treatm5t ?an he _h already exp]i5c$2 & 9 consequ5ce ( ?is fix$ p]suasion he nev] ent]ta9$ ! idea ( return+ to live 9 ,engl&4 ,he frequ5tly talk$ inde$ ( return+ to visit 8 fri5ds2 b :5 peace took place & he c\ld h gone ) safety1 s com=tably 0 he settl$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & su* 0 8 op9ion ( ! /ate ( ?+s 9 ,engl&1 t he ab&on$ ev5 ! idea ( a tempor>y j\rney ?i!r1 altoge!r4 ,b suppos+ ! above ob/acles _h n exi/$ to 8 return to 8 native c\ntry1 he _h no reason to be1 nor 0 he1 dissatisfi$ ) 8 reception "h4 ,indep5d5t ( ! att5tions paid to him ^u 8 fir/ arrival 9 ?is c\ntry1 he cont9u$ to receive m>ks ( respect f bodies ( m51 & f individuals ( v>i\s op9ions 9 religion & politics1 to :om he _h be5 all 8 life be=e an utt] /rang]4 ,little reason !re=e h 8 c\ntrym5 to repres5t 8 reception 9 ,am]ica z unequal to 8 m]its1 or to calumniate ! g5]al "* ( ! p "h4 ,8 discov]ies did n add to ! cr$it ( ,am]ica z !y _h done to t ( ,engl&1 yet he 0 n oblig$ to )draw 8 "n f its ,philosophical ,society1 disgu/$ ) its illib]al treatm5t ( himself & 8 fri5ds4 ,! ,am]icans1 comp>atively speak+1 _h little opportunity ( judg+ ( 8 zeal = ! real int]e/s ( religion1 yet he 0 suff]$ to live 9 peace2 & ?is c\ntry has n be5 disgrac$ by ! de/ruction ( a libr>y & app>atus uni=mly d$icat$ to ! promotion ( ,sci5ce1 & ! good ( mank9d4 ,x w be said t !re 7 n su* int]e/s to oppose 9 ,am]ica z 9 ,engl&4 ,x is true1 & x proves t ! ,am]icans h done well n to create su* int]e/s1 & t ! plac+ all ! religi\s sects ^u ! same foot+ ) respect to ! gov]nm5t ( ! c\ntry1 has effectually secur$ ! peace ( ! community1 at ! same "t t x has ess5tially promot$ ! int]e/s ( tru? & virtue4 ,be+ n[ settl$ at ,nor?umb]l& ) 8 m9d at peace1 & at ease 9 8 circum/ances1 he s]i\sly appli$ himself to ^? /udies :i* he _h long be5 compell$ to desi/ f1 & :i* he _h b imp]fectly att5d$ to :ile he resid$ at ,hackney4 ,x is true t he sp5t 8 "t !re v agreeably1 9 a society ( highly valu$ fri5ds2 b he did little comp>$ to :at he effect$ :ile he 0 at ,birm+ham1 or :at he has done dur+ 8 resid5ce "h1 ow+ to 8 "t be+ v mu* brok5 9 ^u at ,hackney by company4 ,to prove h[ mu* he did 9 ?is c\ntry x is only necess>y to ref] to ! li/ ( ! publications :i* he pres5t$ to ! _w 9 v>i\s bran*es ( sci5ce1 9 !ology & g5]al lit]ature4 ,"h z 9 ,engl&1 ?\gh m at leisure ?an =m]ly1 he cont9u$ to apportion 8 "t to ! v>i\s occupations 9 :i* he 0 engag$1 & /rictly adh]$ to a regul> plan ( alt]nate /udy & relaxation1 f :i* he nev] mat]ially deviat$4 ,x 0 :ile my fa!r 0 at ! academy t he comm5c$ a practice :i* he cont9u$ until )9 ?ree or f\r days ( 8 dea?1 ( keep+ a di>y1 9 :i* he put d[n ! occurr5ces ( ! day2 :at he 0 employ$ ab\t1 :]e he _h be51 & p>ticul>ly an exact acc\nt ( :at he _h be5 read+1 m5tion+ ! names ( ! au?ors1 & ! numb] ( pages he read1 :i* 0 g5]ally a fix$ numb]1 previ\sly det]m9$ ^u 9 8 own m9d4 ,he likewise not$ d[n any h9ts sugge/$ by :at he read 9 ! c\rse ( ! day4 ,x 0 8 cu/om at ! beg9n+ ( ea* ye> to arrange ! plan ( /udy t he meant to pursue t ye>1 & to review ! g5]al situation ( 8 affairs1 & at ! end ( ! ye> he took an acc\nt ( ! progress he _h made1 h[ f> he _h execut$ ! plan he _h laid d[n1 & :e!r 8 situation exce$$ or fell %ort ( ! expectations he _h =m$4 ,?is practice 0 a s\rce ( great satisfaction to him ?r\gh life4 ,x 0 at fir/ adopt$ z a mode ( regulat+ 8 /udies1 & aft]w>ds cont9u$ f ! pleasure x gave him4 ,! great] "p ( 8 di>ies 7 de/roy$ at ! riots at ,birm+ham1 b !re are /ill extant ^? = ! ye> #aged1 #agee & sev]al ( ! subsequ5t ye>s4 ,z x w s]ve to %ew ! regul>ity ) :i* he pursu$ 8 /udies1 & may possibly be in/ructive z well z amus+ to ! read]1 ,i %all give a specim5 ( ! mann] 9 :i* he sp5t a ye> :ile he 0 at ! academy1 at ,dav5try1 & = t purpose %all select 8 di>y = ! ye> #agee :5 he 0 9 8 #bb;d ye>4 ,! di>y conta9s a p>ticul> acc\nt ( :at he read & wrote ea* day1 & at diff]5t p]iods ( ! ye> he sums up 9 ! foll[+ mann]1 ! progress he _h made 9 improvem5t1 :i* ,i give z ent]$ at ! end ( ! di>y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,bus9ess done 9 ,janu>y1 ,febru>y & ,m>*4 ,practical4 ,h[e's bless$ness ( ! righte\s2 ,b5net's pa/oral c>e2 ,norris's lett]s & "s s]mons4 ,controv]sial4 ,taylor on ,atonem5t2 ,hampton's ,answ]2 ,%]lock's disc\rses ,vol4 #a2 ,*ri/ianity n f\nd$ 9 ,argum5t2 ,doddridge's ,answ]2 ,w>burton's div9e legation2 ,b5son on ! fir/ plant+ ( ,*ri/ianity2 ,k+'s ,con/itution ( ! ,primitive ,*ur*4 ,classics4 ,josephus1 ,vol4 #a1 f page #cij to #ggj2 ,ovid's ,metamorphoses to page #aci2 ,tacitus's ,hi/ory1 ,life ( ,agricola1 & ,mann]s ( ! ,g]mans4 ,scriptures4 ,john ! ,evangeli/1 ! ,acts ( ! ,apo/les1 ! ,epi/les to ! ,romans1 ,galatians1 ,ephesians1 #a/ & #b;d ,cor9?ians1 9 ,greek2 ,isaiah to ! #h? *apt]1 9 ,hebrew4 ,ma!matics4 ,maclaur9's ,algebra to "p #b;d4 ,ent]ta9+4 ,ir5e2 ,pr9ce ,ar?ur2 ,ecclesia/ical *>act]s2 ,dryd5's fables2 ,p]uvian tales2 ,voyage r\nd ! _w2 ,ori5tal tales2 ,massey's travels2 ,life ( ,hai ,ebn ,yokdam2 ,hi/ory ( ,abdallah4 ,composition4 ,a ,s]mon on ! ,wisdom ( ,god2 ,an ,oration on ! means ( ,virtue2 #a/ ,vol4 ( ! ,in/itutes ( ,natural & ,reveal$ ,religion4 ,bus9ess done f ,april #a/ to ,june #bc;d4 ,practical4 ,watts's ,cate*ism1 & disc\rses on ,cate*iz+2 ,f5elon's spiritual works ,vol4 #a/ & half ( ,vol4 #b;d2 ,saur9's ,s]mons a few2 ,?omas a ,kempis ,book #a/ to *4 #ba2 ,cotton ,ma!r's life2 ,j5n+'s on prea*+ ,*ri/ianity4 ,controv]sial4 ,t[good1 ,gill & ,breckell on ,baptism2 ,le ,cl]c on ,inspiration2 ,:i/on's ,hi/orical preface2 ,emlyn's n>rative & humble enquiry2 ,apo/olical ,con/itutions2 ,newton on ! prophecies2 ,w9d]'s ,hi/ory ( k2 ,hoadly on ! ,sacram5t2 ,l[man on ! ,revelation2 ,moral ,philosoph]2 ,hume's ,political disc\rses2 ,middleton's fa!rs ( ! f\r fir/ c5turies2 ,middleton & ,wat]l&'s controv]sy4 ---- on ! ,demoniacs2 ,goodri*'s display ( ,human ,nature4 ,classics4 ,cic]o's #a/4 ,phillippic4 ,hi/orical4 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory ,vol4 #ae & #af & to page #dhh ( ! #ag?4 ,composition4 ,second ,vol4 ( ! ,in/itutes ( ,natural & ,reveal$ ,religion2 wrote an article on ,edw>ds's translation ( ! ,psalms = ! review4 ,f ,june #bc;d to ,septemb] #a4 ,practical ,writ]s4 ,?omas a ,kempis f ,*4 #ba ( ,book #a/2 ,h>tley on ,man vol4 #b;d4 ,may's ,pray]s4 ,holl&'s ,s]mons4 ,scriptures4 ,f ! #a/ ,epi/le ( ,timo?y to ! ,revelations1 & ! ,gospels ( ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 & ,luke1 9 ! ,greek ,te/am5t2 ,! books ( ,g5esis1 ,exodus1 & ,leviticus1 9 ! ,hebrew ,bible4 ,classics4 ,ovid f ,book #i?2 ,demo/h5es #a/ ,phillippic & #c ,olyn?iacs2 ,h]odotus ,book #a/2 ,hom]'s ,iliad1 ,book #a1 #b1 #c2 ,sallu/4 ,hi/ory4 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory f ,vol4 #ag p4 #dhh to ! end ( ,vol4 #ah4 ,neal's ,hi/ory ( ! ,puritans #d ,volumes4 ,philosophy4 ,! ,anatomical ,articles 9 ! ,univ]sal ,diction>y1 sev]al pr9cipal ,algebraic ones1 & all ! lett] ,a4 ,composition4 #ab ,s]mons4 ,bus9ess done 9 ,septemb]4 ,practical4 ,holl&'s ,s]mons1 ,vol4 #b;d2 ,doddridge's family ,expositor ,vol4 #a4 ,scriptures4 ,john ! ,evangeli/1 9 ,greek4 ,numb]s1 & to ! #af? ,*apt] 9 ,deut]onomy 9 ,hebrew4 ,classics4 ,hom]'s ,iliad1 #ab books4 ,ma!matical4 ,euclid1 ,lib4 #a1 #b1 #c4 ,hi/ory4 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 ,vol4 #ai?4 ,miscellane\s4 ,mason's ,/ud5t2 ,"o ( ,%akespe>e's plays4 ,composition4 #d ,s]mons4 ,bus9ess done 9 ,octob]4 ,practical4 ,doddridge's ,expositor ,vol4 #b;d2 ,common ,pray] ,book2 ,=dyce's ,s]mons on public ,in/itutions4 ,scriptures4 ,deut]onomy f ,*4 #af to ! end2 ,ecclesia/es & ,solomon's ,song 9 ,hebrew & ,greek4 ,classics4 ,hom]'s ,iliad1 ,book ,p to ! end4 ,ma!matical4 ,euclid1 ,lib1 #d1 #e1 #f4 ,hi/orical4 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory1 ,vol4 #bj?4 ,miscellane\s4 #e ,%akespe>e's ,plays4 ,composition4 #c ,s]mons4 ,bus9ess done 9 ,novemb]4 ,practical4 ,ab]ne?y's ,practical ,s]mons4 ,scriptures4 ,job1 9 ,hebrew & ! ,septuag9t4 ,philosophy1 ,ma!matics & ,*emi/ry4 ,euclid ,lib4 #aa & #ab slightly2 ,bo]have's ,!ory ( ,*emi/ry a good "p ( ,vol4 #a/2 ,r[n+'s ,philosophy half ( ,vol4 #a/4 ,classics4 ,francis's ,horace1 ,odes #d books4 ,hi/ory4 ,univ]sal ,hi/ory "p ( ,vol4 #c;d2 ,jewi% ,antiquities4 ,hi/ory ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t to page #acc4 ,anson's voyage by ,walt]4 ,plays4 #d ( ,%akespe>e's plays4 ,composition4 #b ,s]mons4 ,bus9ess done 9 ,decemb]4 ,practical4 ,ab]ne?y's ,po/hum\s s]mons ,vol4 #b;d2 ,cl>ke's s]mons ,vol4 #a/4 ,patric on ,ecclesia/es4 ,scriptures4 ,psalms1 9 ! ,hebrew & ,septuag9t4 ,philosophy4 ,r[n+'s ,philosophy "p #b;d & #c;d4 ,classics4 ,francis's ,horace ,vol4 #b & #c4 ,miscellane\s & ,ent]ta9+4 ,malcolm on ,music1 half2 #d ,%akespe>e's plays4 ,half ( ! #a/ ,vol4 ( ! ,rambl]4 ,popes ,e?ic ,epi/les1 a few4 ,hi/ory4 ,paul's ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 to page #dgf2 ,life ( ! ,duke ( ,m>lbor\gh4 ,composition4 #d ,s]mons4 ,x w be se5 by ?is extract f 8 di>y1 t 8 /udies 7 v v>i$1 :i*1 z he 0 always p]suad$1 enabl$ him to d s mu*4 ,?is he con/antly att5d$ to ?r\gh life2 8 *emical & philosophical pursuits s]v+ z a k9d ( relaxation f 8 !ological /udies4 ,8 miscellane\s read+1 :i* 0 at all times v ext5sive1 compriz+ ev5 novels & plays1 /ill s]v$ to increase ! v>iety4 ,= _m ye>s ( 8 life1 he nev] sp5t less ?an two or ?ree h\rs a day 9 games ( amusem5t1 z c>ds & backgammon2 b p>ticul>ly *ess--at :i* he & my "m play$ regul>ly ?ree games aft] d9n]1 & z _m aft] supp]4 ,z 8 *ildr5 grew up1 *ess 0 laid aside = :i/ or "s r\nd game at c>ds1 :i* he enjoy$ z mu* z any ( ! company4 ,x is h>dly necess>y to /ate t he nev] play$ = money1 ev5 = ! mo/ trifl+ sum4 ,to all ^! modes ( reliev+ ! m9d1 he add$ bodily ex]cise4 ,indep5d5t ( 8 laboratory furni%+ him ) a good deal1 z he nev] employ$ an op]ator1 & nev] all[$ any "o ev5 to light a fire1 he g5]ally liv$ 9 situations :i* requir$ 8 walk+ a good deal1 z at ,calne1 ,birm+ham & ,hackney4 ,( t ex]cise he 0 v fond4 ,he walk$ well1 & 8 regul> pace 0 f\r miles an h\r4 ,9 situations :]e ! necessity ( walk+ 0 n impos$ ^u him1 he work$ 9 8 g>d5 z at ,calne1 :5 he _h n occasion to g to ,b[ood2 at ,nor?umb]l& 9 ,am]ica1 he 0 p>ticul>ly atta*$ to ?is ex]cise4 ,b :at pr9cipally enabl$ him to d s mu* 0 regul>ity1 = x does n appe> t at any p]iod ( 8 life he sp5t m ?an six or eight h\rs p] day 9 bus9ess t requir$ mu* m5tal ex]tion4 ,i f9d 9 ! same di>y1 :i* ,i h quot$ f above1 t he laid d[n ! foll[+ daily arrangem5t ( "t = a m9i/]'s /udies3 ,/udy+ ! ,scriptures #a h\r4 ,practical writ]s #a-b an h\r4 ,philosophy & ,hi/ory #b h\rs4 ,classics #a-b an h\r4 ,composition #a h\r--9 all #e h\rs4 ,he adds bel[ 8,all :i* may be conv5i5tly dispat*$ be=e d9n]1 :i* leaves ! aft]noon = visit+ & company1 & ! ev5+ = exce$+ 9 any article if !re be occasion4 ,six h\rs n too mu*1 nor sev540 ,x appe>s by 8 di>y t he foll[$ ?is plan at t p]iod ( 8 life4 ,he g5]ally walk$ out 9 ! aft]noon or sp5t x 9 company4 ,at t "t !re 0 a society or club t assembl$ twice a week1 at :i* ! memb]s debat$ que/ions1 or took x 9 turn to deliv] orations1 or read essays ( _! own composition4 ,:5 n att5d+ ^! meet+s1 he mo/ g5]ally appe>s to h sp5t ! ev5+ 9 company ) "s ( ! /ud5ts 9 _! *amb]s4 ,x 0 by ! regul>ity & v>iety ( 8 /udies1 m ?an by int5s5ess ( application1 t he p]=m$ s mu* m ?an ev5 /udi\s m5 g5]ally d4 ,at ! "t he 0 engag$ ab\t ! mo/ important works1 & :5 he 0 n busily employ$ 9 mak+ exp]im5ts1 he always _h leisure = company1 ( :i* he 0 fond4 ,he nev] appe>$ hurri$ or beh9d h&4 ,he h[ev] nev] c>ri$ 8 complaisance s f> z to neglect ! daily task he _h impos$ ^u himself2 b z he 0 uni=mly an e>ly ris]1 & dispat*$ 8 m s]i\s pursuits 9 ! morn+1 x r>ely happ5$ b t he c\ld accompli% ! lab\rs assign$ = ! day1 )\t hav+ occasion to )draw f visitors at home1 or society abroad1 or giv+ reason to suppose t ! company ( o!rs 0 a re/ra9t ^u 8 pursuits4 ,?is habit ( regul>ity1 ext5d$ itself to e ?+ t he read1 & e ?+ he did t 0 susceptible ( x4 ,he nev] read a book )\t det]m9+ 9 8 own m9d :5 he w\ld f9i% x4 ,_h he a "w to transcribe1 he w\ld fix a "t = its completion4 ,?is habit increas$ ^u him z he grew 9 ye>s1 & 8 di>y 0 kept ^u ! plan ,i h be=e describ$1 till )9 a few days ( 8 dea?4 ,to ! regul>ity & v>iety ( 8 /udies1 mu/ be add$ a consid]able degree ( ,me*anical contrivance1 :i* greatly facilitat$ ! execution ( _m ( 8 compositions4 ,x 0 h[ev] mo/ app>5t 9 8 laboratory1 & display$ 9 ! simplicity & neatness ( 8 app>atus1 :i* 0 ! great cause ( ! accuracy ( 8 exp]im5ts1 & ( ! fair "* :i* he acquir$ z an exp]im5tal *emi/4 ,?is 0 ! result 9 ! fir/ in/ance ( a necess>y att5tion to conomy 9 all 8 pursuits1 & 0 aft]w>ds cont9u$ f *oice1 :5 ! necessity no long] exi/$4 ,i return f ?is digression :i* ,i ?\ght necess>y to give ! read] a g5]al view ( my fa!r's occupations1 & 8 mann] ( sp5d+ 8 "t1 to ! circum/ances att5d+ ! rema9+ ye>s ( 8 life4 ,at 8 fir/ settl+ at ,nor?umb]l&1 !re 0 no h\se to be procur$ t w\ld furni% him ) ! conv5i5cies ( a libr>y & laboratory 9 addition to ! room necess>y = a family4 ,h5ce 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ye> #agie1 be+ !n fix$ 9 8 det]m9ation to move no m1 he resolv$ ^u build+ a h\se conv5i5t = 8 pursuits4 ,dur+ ! "t ! h\se 0 build+1 he _h no conv5i5ce = mak+ exp]im5ts m ?an a common room af=d$1 & he 0 !reby prev5t$ f do+ mu* 9 ?is way4 ,/ill1 he asc]ta9$ sev]al facts ( importance 9 ! ye> #agie on ! ,analysis ( ,atmosph]ic ,air1 & also "s 9 cont9uation ( ^? on ! g5]ation ( air f wat]4 ,he _h h[ev] leisure & opportunity = 8 o!r /udies & 9 #agie he publi%$ obs]vations on ! increase ( infidelity & he cont9u$ 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory f ! fall ( ! ,we/]n ,empire to ! re=mation4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #agif he sp5t ?ree mon?s at ,philadelphia & deliv]$ !re a set ( disc\rses on ! ,evid5ces ( ,revelation1 :i* he compos$ ) a view to c\nt]act ! effect produc$ by ! writ+s ( unbeliev]s1 :i*1 z might be expect$1 0 v great 9 a c\ntry :]e rational op9ions 9 religion 7 b little kn[n1 & :]e ! evid5ces ( revelation _h be5 b little att5d$ to4 ,x 0 a s\rce ( great satisfaction to him1 & :at he _h little previ\s reason to expect1 t 8 lectures 7 att5d$ by v cr[d$ audi5ces1 includ+ mo/ ( ! memb]s ( ! congress ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates at t "t assembl$ at ,philadelphia1 & ( ! executive (fic]s ( ! gov]nm5t4 ,^! disc\rses :i*1 9 a regul> & connect$ s]ies1 plac$ ,*ri/ianity1 & ! evid5ces ( its tru?1 9 a m cle> & satisfactory po9t ( view ?an x _h be5 usually consid]$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 attract$ mu* att5tion1 & creat$ an int]e/ 9 ! subject :i* !re is reason to believe has produc$ la/+ effects4 ,my fa!r receiv$ assurances f _m ( ! mo/ respectable p]sons 9 ! c\ntry1 t !y view$ ! subject 9 a totally diff]5t light f :at !y _h be=e done1 & t c\ld !y att5d places ( wor%ip1 :]e su* rational doctr9es 7 inculcat$1 !y %\ld d x ) satisfaction4 ,z my fa!r _h ?r\gh life consid]$ ! (fice ( a ,*ri/ian m9i/] z ! mo/ useful & hon\rable ( any1 & _h always d]iv$ ! greate/ satisfaction f fulfill+ its duties1 p>ticul>ly f cate*iz+ "y p]sons1 ! greate/ s\rce ( uneas9ess !re=e to him at ,nor?umb]l& 01 t !re 0 no suffici5t opportunity ( be+ useful 9 t way4 ,?\gh he 0 uni=mly treat$ ) k9dness & respect by ! p ( ! place1 yet _! s5tim5ts 9 religion 7 s diff]5t f 8 own1 & ! nature & t5d5cy ( 8 op9ions 7 s little und]/ood1 t ! e/abli%m5t ( a place ( ,unit>ian wor%ip p]fectly free f any calv9i/ic or ,arian t5et1 0 next to impossible4 ,all !re=e t he c\ld d 9 t way 01 = ! two or ?ree fir/ ye>s1 to read a s]vice ei!r at 8 own or at my h\se1 at :i* a few 7p]haps a doz57 ,engli% p]sons 7 usually pres5t1 & 9 "t1 z _! numb]s increas$ he made use ( a s*ool room ne> 8 h\se1 :]e f tw5ty to ?irty regul>ly att5d$1 & among !m "s ( ! inhabitants ( ! place1 :o by degrees began to dive/ !mselves ( _! prejudices ) respect to 8 op9ions4 ,h[ev] small ! numb] ( p]sons att5d+1 he adm9i/]$ ! ,"l's supp]1 a rite ^u :i* he always laid p>ticul> /ress4 ,9 ! ,autumn ( #agie he _h ! mis=tune to lose 8 y\nge/ son1 ( :om be+ mu* y\ng] ?an any ( 8 o!r *ildr51 & hav+ ent]ta9$ ! hopes ( 8 succe$+ him 9 8 ,!ological & ,philosophical pursuits he 0 rem>kably fond4 ,he felt ?is mis=tune ! m sev]ely z x 0 ! fir/ ( ! k9d he _h exp]i5c$1 & p>ticul>ly z x _h a visible effect ^u my "m's heal? & spirits4 ,he 0 h[ev] s con/antly 9 ! habit ( view+ ! h& ( ,god 9 all ?+s1 & ( consid]+ e occurr5ce z lead+ to good1 t 8 m9d soon recov]$ its accu/om$ s]5ity1 & 8 j\rney to ,philadelphia m5tion$ above & ! success :i* att5d$ 8 fir/ ex]tions 9 ! cause (1 :at he deem$1 pure & g5u9e *ri/ianity1 l$ him to look =w>d ) *e]fulness to ! future1 & gave him an en]gy 9 8 pursuits1 :i* 0 nev] exce$$ 9 any "p ( 8 life4 ,x 0 ! same habit ( view+ ,god z ! au?or ( all ev5ts1 & produc+ good out ( seem+ evil1 t enabl$ him to support himself s well "u ! greate/ affliction t c\ld possibly h befall5 him1 viz4 ! loss ( 8 wife1 my "m2 :o ?r\gh life _h be5 truly a help meet = him2 support+ him "u all 8 trials & suff]+s ) a con/ancy & p]sev]ance truly praise wor?y1 & :o z he himself1 9 not+ ! ev5t 9 8 di>y1 ju/ly obs]ves1 80 ( a noble & g5]\s m9d & c>$ mu* = o!rs & little = h]self ?r\gh life40 ,9 ! p]iod betwe5 ! above v afflict+ ev5ts1 ?\gh 8 conv5i5ces = exp]im5t+ 7 n increas$1 ow+ to 8 h\se1 & p>ticul>ly 8 laboratory n be+ f9i%$1 he wrote a small treatise 9 def5ce ( ! doctr9e ( ,phlogi/on1 address$ to ! ,philosoph]s 9 ,france4 ,he likewise compos$ a second set ( disc\rses ( a simil> k9d to ^? deliv]$ 9 ,philadelphia ! prec$+ w9t]4 ,he prea*$ & pr9t$ a s]mon 9 def5ce ( ,unit>ianism1 & pr9t$ ! fir/ set ( disc\rses2 he compleat$ 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory2 he made additional obs]vations on ! increase ( infidelity *iefly 9 answ] to ,mr4 ,volney2 & drew up an ,outl9e ( all ! ,evid5ces 9 fav\r ( ,revelation4 ,9 ! spr+ ( #agig he aga9 sp5t two or ?ree mon?s 9 ,philadelphia1 & deliv]$ a second set ( disc\rses1 b p>tly f ! novelty ( ! ?+ be+ done away1 p>tly f ! prejudices t began to be excit$ aga9/ him on acc\nt ( 8 suppos$ political op9ions1 7= high-ton$ politics began !n to prevail 9 ! fa%ionable circles7 & p>tly ow+ to ! disc\rses n be+ s well adapt$ = a public audi5ce1 ?\gh necess>y to set ! comp>ative excell5ce ( ,*ri/ianity 9 its true light1 !y 7 b ?9ly att5d$ 9 comp>ison to 8 =m] set4 ,?is induc$ him to give up ! idea ( prea*+ any m regul> sets ( disc\rses4 ,he h[ev] pr9t$ !m1 z likewise a s]mon he prea*$ 9 fav\r ( ! ,emigrants4 ,he also compos$ at ?is "t a ?ird & enl>g$ edition ( 8 ,obs]vations on ! increase ( infidelity1 a controv]sy ) ,mr4 ,volney1 a tract on ! ,k ( a ,future /ate among ! ,hebrews1 :i*1 ) ! works he compos$ ! ye> be=e1 he pr9t$ z he f\nd means & opportunity4 ,he revis$ 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 began 8 ,notes on ! ,scriptures1 & 8 ,comp>ison ( ! ,in/itutions ( ,moses ) ^? ( ! ,h9doos4 ,t[>ds ! end ( #agig & n be=e1 8 libr>y & laboratory 7 f9i%$4 ,none b m5 devot$ to lit]ature c imag9e ! pleasure he d]iv$ f be+ able to r5ew 8 exp]im5ts ) e possible conv5i5ce1 & f hav+ 8 books once m arrang$4 ,8 h\se 0 situat$ 9 a g>d51 comm&+ a prospect equal1 if n sup]ior1 to any on ! riv] ,susquehanna1 s ju/ly celebrat$ = ! picturesque views its banks af=d4 ,x 0 a s+ul>ly =tunate circum/ance t he f\nd at ,nor?umb]l& sev]al excell5t workm5 9 metals1 :o c\ld repair 8 in/rum5ts1 make all ! new articles he want$ 9 ! c\rse ( 8 exp]im5t+1 z well z1 he us$ to say1 if n 9 "s respects bett] ?an1 he c\ld h got !m done 9 ,birm+ham2 & 9 ! society ( ,mr4 ,fr$]ick ,antis1 ! bro!r ( ,mr4 ,antis 9 ,engl&1 & uncle ( ,mr4 ,latrobe ! eng9e]1 he d]iv$ great satisfaction4 ,mr4 ,antis 0 a man ( mild & amiable mann]s1 he possess$ a v good k ( ,me*anics ! result ( 8 own obs]vation & reflection1 & a fund ( k ( _m ?+s :i* my fa!r frequ5tly f\nd useful to resort to4 ,! situation ( ,nor?umb]l& became abundantly m conv5i5t ?an x 0 :5 he fir/ came to ! place4 ,f !re be+ no regul> public po/1 !re 0 n[ e/abli%$ a po/ twice a week to ,philadelphia1 & answ]s c\ld be receiv$ to lett]s )9 a week1 & ! communication s mu* increas$ betwe5 ! two places1 t ! price ( ! c>riage ( goods 0 r$uc$ f #aas4-#c;d4 to #fs4 p] ,cwt4 ! di/ance be+ #acb miles4 ,?us conv5i5tly situat$1 he resum$ ! same k9d ( life he l$ at ,birm+ham1 exp]im5t+ ! great] "p ( ! day1 ! result ( :i* he publi%$ 9 ! ,m$ical repository ( ,new-,york4 ,hav+ compleat$ 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 he f9i%$ 8 ,comp>ison ( ! ,in/itutions ( ,moses ) ^? ( ! ,h9doos4 ,he likewise proce$$ z f> z ,leviticus 9 ! design he _h =m$ ( writ+ ,notes on all ! books ( ,scripture1 & made "s rem>ks on ! orig9 ( all religions by ,dupuis1 b ! great] "p ( ! "t t he sp5t 9 !ology ?is ye>1 0 employ$ 9 recompos+ ! ,notes on ! ,new-,te/am5t1 :i* 7 de/roy$ at ! riots4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! ye> #agii1 he f9i%$ 8 ,notes on all ! books ( ,scripture1 he publi%$ 8 ,comp>ison ( ! ,in/itutions ( ,moses ) ^? ( ! ,h9doos1 he likewise pr9t$ 8 ,def5ce ( ! doctr9e ( ,phlogi/on above m5tion$1 & ! great] "p ( ea* day 9 ! summ] 0 employ$ 9 mak+ ! additional exp]im5ts he _h project$4 ,x 0 9 ! ye> #agii1 dur+ ,mr4 ,adams's adm9i/ration1 t my fa!r _h occasion to write any ?+ on ! subject ( politics 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,x is well kn[n to all 8 fri5ds1 t politics 7 always a subject ( second>y importance ) him4 ,he h[ev] took "p occasionally 9 ! conv]sations on t subject2 :i* e p]son has a "r to d1 & :i*1 ab\t ! "t my fa!r left ,engl&1 no p]son c\ld avoid do+1 z ! subject engross$ s l>ge a "p ( ! conv]sation 9 almo/ e company4 ,he always argu$ on ! side ( lib]ty4 ,he 0 h[ev] 9 fav\r only ( ^? *anges t c\ld be br\ght ab\t by fair argum5t1 & 8 speculations on ! subject ( ,briti% politics did n g fur!r ?an a re=m 9 ,p>liam5t1 & no way t5d$1 9 8 op9ion1 to affect ! =m ( gov]nm5t1 or ! con/itution ( ! k+dom1 z ve/$ 9 ,k+s1 ,lords & ,commons4 ,he us$ frequ5tly to say1 & x 0 said to him1 t ?\gh he 0 an ,unit>ian 9 ,religion he 0 9 t c\ntry a ,tr9it>ian 9 politics4 ,:5 he came to ,am]ica1 he f\nd reason to *ange 8 op9ions1 & he became a decid$ fri5d to ! g5]al pr9ciples & practice ( a compleatly repres5tative gov]nm5t1 f\nd$ ^u univ]sal suffrage1 & exclud+ h]$it>y privileges1 z x exi/s 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,?is *ange 0 naturally produc$ by obs]v+ ! ease & happ9ess ) :i* ! p liv$1 & ! unexampl$ prosp]ity ( ! c\ntry1 ( :i* no ,european1 unless he has resid$ 9 x "s "t1 & has obs]v$ ! int]ior "p ( x1 c be a compet5t judge4 ,b ) respect to ,engl&1 he /ill rema9$ anxi\s = its peace & prosp]ity1 & ?\gh he _h be5 s h>dly us$1 & ?\gh he consid]$ ! adm9i/ration ( ! c\ntry1 if n in/igat+ at lea/ conniv+ at ! riots1 no res5tm5t exi/$ 9 8 brea/ aga9/ ! nation4 ,9 8 feel+s he 0 /ill an ,engli%man4 ,?\gh he might speculatively consid] t ! mass ( evil & mis]y _h aris5 to su* a height 9 ,engl&1 & 9 o!r ,european c\ntries1 t !re 0 no long] any hope ( a peaceable & gradual re=m1 yet1 consid]+ at ! same "t t ! great body ( ! p1 l ! ,negroes 9 ! ,we/-,indies1 7 unprep>$ = ! enjoym5t ( lib]ty 9 its full ext5t1 & contemplat+ ! evils necess>ily att5dant ^u a viol5t *ange1 he dread$ a revolution4 ,) respect to ,am]ica he _h nev] int]f]$ publicly 9 politics1 & nev] wrote an article t c\ld be consid]$ 9 t light 9 any respect1 except "o publi%$ 9 a newspap] call$ ! ,aurora1 sign$ a ,quak] 9 ,politics1 publi%$ on ! #bf? & #bg? ( ,febru>y1 #agih1 & entitl$ ,maxims ( ,political ,ari?metic1#cb & s little did he int]e/ himself 9 ! politics ( ?is c\ntry1 t he seldom if ev] p]us$ ! debates 9 ,congress1 nor 0 he mu* acqua9t$ ) any ( ! lead+ political *>act]s except ?ree or f\r1 & ) ^! he nev] correspond$ b ) ,mr4 ,adams prior to 8 be+ *os5 presid5t1 & ,mr4 ,jeff]son4 ,he nev] 0 naturaliz$1 nor did he take "p directly or indirectly 9 any election4 ,he p]sev]$ 9 ! same s5tim5ts ev5 :5 he 0 "u reasonable appreh5sion t he %\ld be bani%$ z an ,ali53 & ?\gh he advis$ 8 sons to be naturaliz$1 say+ x 0 :at 0 daily done by p]sons :o c\ld n be suspect$ ( wi%+ any ill to _! native c\ntry1 yet he w\ld n2 b said1 t z he _h be5 born & _h liv$ an ,engli%man1 he w\ld die "o let :at might be ! consequ5ce4 #cb ,see ,app5dix1 ,no4 ,,iv4 ,ab\t ! ye> #agii1 ! fri5ds ( lib]ty 9 ,am]ica 7 greatly al>m$ by ! advancem5t ( pr9ciples disgraceful to ,am]ica1 & by a practice less lib]al 9 _m respects ?an "u ! mon>*ical =m ( ! ,briti% gov]nm5t4 ,no?+ else 0 ! subject ( conv]sation & my fa!r :o ?\gh nev] active 9 politics1 at ! same "t nev] conceal$ 8 s5tim5ts1 utt]$ !m freely 9 conv]sation1 & !y 7 ( c\rse oppos$ to ! proce$+s ( ! adm9i/ration at ! "t4 ,add$ to ?is ,mr4 ,?omas ,coop] =m]ly ( ,man*e/]1 & :o at t "t _h und]tak5 = a %ort p]iod1 at ! reque/ ( ! pr9t]1 to edit a newspap] !n pr9t$ at ,nor?umb]l&1 _h publi%$ "s v sev]e /rictures on ! conduct ( ! adm9i/ration1 :i* 7 soon aft] publi%$ 9 a pamphlet1 "u ! title ( ,political ,essays4 ,by _m my fa!r might be ignorantly suppos$ z ! prompt] on ! occasion1 z ,mr4 ,coop] liv$ at t "t ) my fa!r1 & by ^? :o knew bett]1 x 0 made ! o/5sible gr\nd ( objection to my fa!r1 to conceal ! real "o4 ,9 tru? he saw none ( ! essays until !y 7 pr9t$1 nor 0 he consult$ by ,mr4 ,coop] ^u any "p ( !m4 ,! consequ5ce 01 t all ! bigotry & p>ty zeal ( t viol5t p]iod 0 employ$ to injure him1 & misrepres5t 8 words & actions4 ,he 0 repres5t$ z intrigu+ = (fices = himself & 8 fri5d1 & z an enemy to ! gov]nm5t :i* !y said protect$ him1 :ile m5 :o 7 !mselves b newly naturaliz$1 or ! imm$iate desc5dants ( =eign]s1 be/[$ ^u him ! epi!t ( ,ali51 an epi!t !n us$ by ! gov]nm5t p>ty z a t]m ( reproa*1 ?\gh ! c\ntry 0 pr9cipally indebt$ to ! capital1 indu/ry & ent]prize ( =eign]s = ! _m improvem5ts !n c>ry+ on4 ,su* 0 ! effect ( all ^! sl&]\s reports1 & su* 0 ! "* ( ! adm9i/ration1 t x 0 intimat$ to my fa!r1 f ,mr4 ,adams himself1 t he wi%$ he w\ld ab/a9 f say+ any ?+ on politics1 le/ he %\ld get into difficulty4 ,! ,ali5 law :i* 0 pass$ "u t adm9i/ration1 0 at t "t 9 op]ation1 & a man )\t be+ convict$ (1 or ev5 positively *>g$ )1 any (f5ce1 might h be5 s5t out ( ! c\ntry at a mom5t's w>n+1 n only )\t a trial1 b )\t ! "r ( remon/rance4 ,x 0 likewise h9t$ to my fa!r z he has himself /at$1 t he 0 "o ( ! p]sons contemplat$ :5 ! law 0 pass$1 s little did !y "k ( 8 real "* & disposition4 ,?is occasion$ my fa!r to write a set ( lett]s to ! inhabitants ( ,nor?umb]l&2 9 :i* he express$ 8 s5tim5ts fully on all ! political que/ions at t "t "u discussion4 ,!y _h ! effect ( remov+ ! unfav\rable impressions t _h be5 made on ! m9ds ( ! lib]al & c&id1 & procur$ him _m fri5ds4 ,=tunately h[ev] ! viol5t measures !n adopt$ produc$ a compleat *ange 9 ! m9ds ( ! p1 & 9 consequ5ce ( x 9 ! repres5tation1 prov+ by ! peaceabl5ess ( x1 ! excell5ce ( ?is =m ( gov]nm5t1 & prov+ also t my fa!r's s5tim5ts1 z well z ,mr4 ,coop]'s1 7 approv$ ( by n9e t5?s ( ! p ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x is b ju/ice h[ev] to m5tion t 9 ! above rem>ks :i* h be5 made to repres5t my fa!r's political "* 9 its true light1 & to acc\nt = 8 writ+ on ! subject ( politics1 ,i d n mean to reflect on all ! f$]ali/s1 & t ?\gh my fa!r consid]$ !m all z 9 error1 yet he ackn[l$g$ himself indebt$ to _m ( t p>ty = ! mo/ s9c]e m>ks ( fri5d%ip :i* he _h receiv$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 & t n only f 8 oppon5ts 9 politics1 b likewise f _m ( ! pr9cipal cl]gym5 ( v>i\s d5om9ations 9 ,philadelphia1 & p>ticul>ly dur+ 8 sev]e illness 9 t city1 :5 p>ty _s 0 at ! highe/1 x be+ at ! "t ( ,mr4 ,jeff]son's fir/ election to ! presid5cy4 ,z my fa!r has giv5 an acc\nt ( ^? fri5ds to ^: k9dness & g5]osity he 0 pr9cipally indebt$ f ! comm5cem5t ( 8 lit]>y c>e]1 to ! "t ( 8 com+ to ,am]ica1 ,i ?9k x my duty to foll[ 8 example1 & to make on 8 "p ^? ackn[l$gem5ts :i* _h he liv$1 he w\ld h tak5 pleasure 9 mak+ himself4 ,to ! ,revd4 ,!ophilus ,l9dsey1 indep5d5t ( ! _m m>ks ( ! mo/ s9c]e fri5d%ip1 :i* he 0 con/antly receiv+1 he 0 occasionally indebt$ = pecuni>y assi/ance at times :5 x 0 mo/ want+4 ,indep5d5t ( #ej 4 p] annum1 :i* ,mrs4 ,elizabe? ,rayn] all[$ him f ! "t he left ,engl&1 %e left him by h] w #bjjj 9 ! #d p] c5ts4 ,mr4 ,mi*ael ,dodson :o is well kn[n z ! translator ( ,isaiah left him #ejj1 & ,mr4 ,samuel ,salte left him #ajj 4 ,! ,duke ( ,grafton remitt$ him annually #dj 4 ,!re=e ?\gh 8 exp5ces 7 f> great] ?an he expect$1 & ?\gh 8 h\se co/ him d\ble ! sum he _h contemplat$1 ! g5]osity ( 8 fri5ds made him p]fectly easy 9 8 m9d ) respect to pecuni>y affairs2 & by free+ him f all c>e & anxiety on ?is head contribut$ greatly to 8 happ9ess1 & to 8 successful endeav\rs 9 ! cause ( tru?4 ,besides ^! in/ances ( fri5dly att5tion1 ! diff]5t bran*es ( 8 family h be51 9 v>i\s ways1 b5efit$1 9 consequ5ce ( ! respect paid to my fa!r's "*1 & ! affectionate reg>d %ewn by 8 fri5ds to all :o 7 connect$ ) him4 ,b :at gave my fa!r mo/ real pleasure 0 ! subscription1 set on foot by 8 fri5ds 9 ,engl&1 to enable him to pr9t 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 & 8 ,notes on all ! ,books ( ,scripture4 ,! :ole 0 done )\t 8 k1 & ! fir/ in=mation he receiv$ on ! subject 01 t !re 0 a sum rais$ suffici5t to cov] ! :ole exp5ce4 ,ab\t ! "t he di$1 "s ( 8 fri5ds 9 ,engl& und]/ood t he 0 likely to suff] a loss 9 po9t ( income ( 4 #bjj p] annum4 ,)\t any solicitation1 ab\t =ty ( !m rais$ ! sum ( 4 #dej1 :i* 0 meant to h be5 cont9u$ annually :ile he liv$4 ,he did n live to "k ( ?is k9d ex]tion 9 8 fav\r4 ,x is my duty h[ev] to record ?is in/ance ( g5]osity1 & ,i d x ) pleasure & ) gratitude4 ,x likewise proves t ?\gh my fa!r by ! fe>less av[al ( 8 op9ions1 creat$ _m enemies1 yet t ! hone/y & indep5d5ce ( 8 conduct procur$ him _m fri5ds4 ,! fir/ ye>'s subscription has be5 transmitt$ to ,am]ica1 to defray ! exp5ce ( publi%+ 8 po/hum\s works4 ,9 ! ye> #ahjj he 0 *iefly employ$ 9 exp]im5ts1 & writ+ an acc\nt ( !m = v>i\s publications4 ,9 ?is ye> also he publi%$ 8 treatise 9 def5ce ( ,phlogi/on1 he revis$ 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 ! two fir/ volumes ( :i* are n[ repr9t$ ) consid]able additions1 & he add$ to & improv$ 8 ,notes on ! ,scriptures4 ,he sp5t "s "t 9 ! spr+ ( #ahja 9 ,philadelphia1 dur+ 8 /ay !re he _h a viol5t attack ( fev] :i* weak5$ him exce$+ly1 & f ! effects ( :i* he nev] p]fectly recov]$4 ,add$ to ?is ! fev] & ague prevail$ at ,nor?umb]l& & ! neighb\rhood1 = ! fir/ "t s9ce 8 settlem5t at ! place4 ,he _h two or ?ree attacks ( ?is disord]2 :i* ?\gh !y 7 n v sev]e1 z he _h nev] m ?an ?ree fits at a "t1 ret>d$ 8 recov]y v mu*4 ,he p]ceiv$ ! effect ( 8 illness 9 ! dim9ution ( 8 /r5g?1 & 8 n be+ able to take z mu* ex]cise z he us$ to d4 ,8 spirits h[ev] 7 good1 & he 0 v assidu\s 9 mak+ exp]im5ts1 *iefly on ! pile ( ,volta1 ! result ( :i* he s5t an acc\nt ( to ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal & ! ,m$ical ,repository4 ,9 #ahjb he began to pr9t 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 9 consequ5ce ( ! subscription rais$ by 8 fri5ds 9 ,engl& z be=e /at$4 ,besides pr9t+ ?ree volumes ( t "w1 he wrote & pr9t$ a treatise on ,baptism1 *iefly 9 answ] to ! obs]vations ( ,mr4 ,rob9son on ! subject4 ,he likewise made "s exp]im5ts1 & repli$ to "s rem>ks ( ,mr4 ,cruik%ank 9 def5ce ( ! ,antiphlogi/ic !ory4 ,i am n[ to describe ! la/ sc5e ( 8 life1 :i* des]ves ! read]'s mo/ s]i\s consid]ation1 z x %ews ! p[]ful effect ( 8 religi\s pr9ciples4 ,!y made him1 n resign$ to quit a _w 9 :i* he no long] _h any delight1 & 9 :i* no hope ( future enjoym5t pres5t$ itself1 b *e>ful 9 ! c]ta9ty ( approa*+ dissolution1 & "u circum/ances t w\ld by ! _w 9 g5]al h be5 consid]$ z highly enviable4 ,!y l$ him to consid] dea? z ! lab\r] does sleep at night z be+ necess>y to r5ew 8 m5tal & corporeal p[]s1 & fit him = a future /ate ( activity & happ9ess4 ,= ?\gh s9ce 8 illness 9 ,philadelphia 9 #ahja he _h nev] recov]$ 8 =m] good /ate ( heal?1 yet he _h nev] be5 conf9$ to 8 b$ a :ole day by sickness 9 ,am]ica until )9 two days ( 8 dea?1 & 0 nev] incapacitat$ = any pursuit t he _h be5 accu/om$ to4 ,he took great delight 9 8 g>d51 & 9 view+ ! little improvem5ts go+ =w>d 9 & ab\t ! t[n4 ,! rapidly increas+ prosp]ity ( ! c\ntry1 :e!r z x reg>d$ its agriculture1 manufactures1 & comm]ce1 or ! increas+ ta/e = sci5ce & lit]ature1 7 all ( !m to him a s\rce ( ! pure/ pleasure4 ,= ! la/ f\r ye>s ( 8 life he liv$ "u an adm9i/ration1 ! pr9ciples & practice ( :i* he p]fectly approv$1 & ) ,mr4 ,jeff]son1 ! head ( t adm9i/ration1 he frequ5tly correspond$1 & !y _h = ea* o!r a mutual reg>d & e/eem4 ,he enjoy$ ! e/eem ( ! wise/ & be/ m5 9 ! c\ntry1 p>ticul>ly at ,philadelphia1 :]e 8 religion & 8 politics did n prev5t 8 be+ k9dly & *e]fully receiv$ by great numb]s ( opposite op9ions 9 bo?1 :o ?us paid homage to 8 k & virtue4 ,at home he 0 belov$2 & besides ! advantages ( an excell5t libr>y1 to :i* he 0 cont9ually mak+ additions1 & ( a laboratory t 0 amply provid$ ) e ?+ necess>y = an exp]im5tal *emi/1 he 0 p]fectly fre$1 z he _h happily be5 ?r\gh life1 9 consequ5ce ( my "m's ability & att5tion1 f any att5tion to worldly conc]ns2 consid]+ himself1 z he us$ to express himself1 m]ely z a lodg]1 hav+ all 8 "t to devote to 8 !ological & philosophical pursuits4 ,he _h ! satisfaction ( witness+ ! gradual spread ( 8 religi\s op9ions1 & ! fulle/ conviction t he %\ld prevail ov] 8 oppon5ts 9 *emi/ry4 ,he look$ =w>d ) ! greate/ pleasure to future ex]tions 9 bo? ^! fields1 & _h )9 ! la/ mon? or six weeks be5 project+ _m improvem5ts 9 8 app>atus1 :i* he meant to make use ( ^u ! return ( w>m wea!r 9 ! spr+4 ,not)/&+1 !re=e1 ! _m trials he und]w5t 9 ?is c\ntry1 he _h /ill great s\rces ( happ9ess left1 unalloy$ by any appreh5sion ( any mat]ial defect 9 any ( 8 s5ses1 or any abatem5t ( ! vig\r ( 8 m9d4 ,consi/5t ) ! above 0 8 decl>ation t1 except+ ! want ( ! society ( ,mr4 ,l1 ,mr4 ,b4 & two or ?ree o!r p>ticul> fri5ds1 :i* h[ev] 0 made up to him1 9 "s1 ?\gh 9 a small degree by _! regul> correspond5ce1 he _h nev] ^u ! :ole sp5t any "p ( 8 life m happily1 nor1 he believ$1 m usefully4 ,! fir/ "p ( 8 illness1 indep5d5t ( 8 g5]al weakness1 ! result ( 8 illness 9 ,philadelphia 9 #ahja1 0 a con/ant indige/ion1 & a difficulty ( swall[+ meat or any k9d ( solid food unless previ\sly r$uc$ by ma/ication to a p]fect pulp4 ,?is gradually increas$ ^u him till he c\ld swall[ liquids b v sl[ly1 & l$ him to suspect1 :i* he did to ! la/1 t !re mu/ be "s /oppage 9 ! sophagus4 ,latt]ly he liv$ almo/ entirely ^u tea1 *ocolate1 s\ps1 sago1 cu/>d pudd+s1 & ! l4 ,dur+ all ?is "t ( g5]al & increas+ debility1 he 0 busily employ$ 9 pr9t+ 8 ,*ur* ,hi/ory1 & ! fir/ volume ( ! ,notes on ,scripture2 & 9 mak+ new & orig9al exp]im5ts1 an acc\nt ( :i* he s5t to ! ,am]ican ,philosophical ,society 9 two numb]s1 "o 9 answ] to ,dr4 ,d>w9's obs]vations on ,spontane\s g5]ation1 & ! o!r on ! unexpect$ conv]sion ( a quantity ( ! m>9e acid into ! nitr\s4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod1 likewise1 he wrote 8 pamphlet ( ,jesus & ,socrates comp>$1 & re-pr9t$ 8 ,essay on ,phlogi/on4 ,he w\ld n suff] any "o to d = him :at he _h be5 accu/om$ to d himself2 nor did he alt] 8 =m] mode ( life 9 any respect1 except+ t he no long] work$ 9 8 g>d51 & t he read m books ( a miscellane\s nature ?an he _h be5 us$ to d :5 he c\ld "w m 9 8 laboratory1 :i* _h always s]v$ him z a relaxation f 8 o!r /udies4 ,f ab\t ! beg9n+ ( ,novemb] #ahjc1 to ! middle ( ,janu>y #ahjd1 8 compla9t grew m s]i\s4 ,he 0 once incapable ( swall[+ any ?+ = ne> ?irty h\rs2 & !re be+ "s symptoms ( inflammation at 8 /oma*1 bli/]s 7 appli$1 :i* af=d$ him relief2 & by v great att5tion to 8 diet1 rid+ out 9 a *air :5 ! wea!r w\ld p]mit1 & liv+ *iefly on ! s(t p>ts ( oy/]s1 he seem$ if n ga9+ gr\nd1 at lea/ n gett+ worse2 & we _h reason to hope t if he held out until spr+ z he 01 ! same att5tion to 8 diet ) m ex]cise1 :i* x 0 impossible = him to take on acc\nt ( ! cold wea!r1 w\ld re/ore him to heal?4 ,he1 h[ev]1 consid]$ 8 life z v prec>i\s1 & us$ to tell ! physician :o att5d$ him1 t if he c\ld b pat* him up = six mon?s long] he %\ld be p]fectly satisfi$1 z he %\ld 9 t "t be able to complete pr9t+ 8 works4 ,! swell+ ( 8 feet1 an al>m+ symptom ( g5]al debility1 began ab\t ?is "t4 ,to give "s idea ( ! ex]tions he made ev5 at ?is "t1 x is only necess>y = me to say1 t besides 8 miscellane\s read+1 :i* 0 at all times v great1 he read ?r\gh all ! works quot$ 9 8 comp>ison ( ! diff]5t sy/ems ( ! ,grecian ,philosoph]s ) *ri/ianity1 compos$ t "w1 & transcrib$ ! :ole ( x 9 less ?an ?ree mon?s4 ,he took ! precaution ( transcrib+ "o day 9 long h& :at he _h compos$ ! day be=e 9 %ort h&1 t he might by t means leave ! "w complete z f> z x w5t1 %\ld he n live to complete ! :ole4 ,dur+ ?is p]iod he compos$ 9 a day 8 second reply to ,dr4 ,l9n4 ,ab\t ?is "t he ceas$ p]=m+ div9e s]vice1 :i* he said he _h nev] be=e kn[n himself incapable ( p]=m+1 not)/&+ he _h be5 a prea*] s _m ye>s4 ,he likewise n[ suff]$ me to rake 8 fire1 rub 8 feet ) a fle%-bru%1 & occasionally help him to b$4 ,9 ! morn+s likewise he _h 8 fire made = him1 :i* he always us$ to d himself1 & g5]ally be=e any ( ! family 0 /irr+4 ,9 ! la/ =tnight 9 ,janu>y he 0 tr\bl$ ) al>m+ fits ( indige/ion2 8 legs swell$ ne>ly to 8 knees1 & 8 weakness increas$ v mu*4 ,i wrote = him1 :ile he dictat$1 ! conclud+ section ( 8 ,new ,comp>ison1 & ! ,preface & ,d$ication4 ,! f9i%+ ?is "w 0 a s\rce ( great satisfaction to him1 z he consid]$ x z a "w ( z mu* consequ5ce z any he _h ev] und]tak54 ,! fir/ al>m+ symptom ( approa*+ dissolution 0 8 be+ unable to speak to me ^u my ent]+ 8 room on ,tuesday morn+ ! #ca/ ( ,janu>y4 ,9 8 ,di>y ,i f9d he /at$ 8 situation z foll[s3 8,ill all day--,n able to speak = ne> ?ree h\rs40 ,:5 he 0 able to speak he told me he _h slept well1 z he uni=mly _h done ?r\gh ! :ole ( 8 illness2 s t he nev] w\ld suff] me1 ?\gh ,i frequ5tly reque/$ he w\ld d x1 to sleep 9 ! same room ) him2 t he felt z well z possible2 t he got up & %av$ himself1 :i* he nev] omitt$ do+ e morn+ till )9 two days ( 8 dea?2 t he w5t to 8 laboratory1 & !n f\nd 8 weakness v great2 t he got back ) difficulty2 t j aft]w>d 8 gr&-daught]1 a *ild ( ab\t six or sev5 ye>s old1 came to him to claim ! fulfilm5t ( a promise he _h made h] ! ev5+ be=e1 to give h] a fivep5ny bit4 ,he gave h] ! money1 & 0 go+ to speak to h]1 b f\nd himself unable4 ,he in=m$ me ( ?is1 speak+ v sl[ly a ^w at a "t2 & add$1 t he _h nev] felt m pleasantly 9 8 :ole life ?an he did dur+ ! "t he 0 unable to speak4 ,aft] he _h tak5 8 m$ic9e1 :i* 0 b>k & laudanum1 & drank a bason ( /rong mutton bro?1 he recov]$ surpriz+ly1 & talk$ ) *e]fulness to all :o call$ ^u him1 b z ?\gh he 0 fully s5sible t he _h n long to live4 ,he cons5t$ = ! fir/ "t t ,i %\ld sleep 9 ! room ) him4 ,on ,w$nesday1 ,febru>y #a1 he writes1 8,i 0 at times mu* bett] 9 ! morn+3 capable ( "s bus9ess3 cont9u$ bett] all day40 ,he spake ?is morn+ z /rong z usual1 & took 9 ! c\rse ( ! day a good deal ( n\ri%m5t ) pleasure4 ,he said1 t he felt a return ( /r5g?1 & ) x !re 0 a duty to p]=m4 ,he read a good deal 9 ,newcome's ,translation ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 & ,/ev5s's ,hi/ory ( ! ,w>4 ,9 ! aft]noon he gave me "s directions h[ to proce$ ) ! pr9t+ 8 "w 9 case he %\ld die4 ,he gave me directions to /op ! pr9t+ ( ! second volume1 & to beg9 ^u ! ?ird1 t he might see h[ x 0 begun1 & t x might s]ve z a patt]n to me to proce$ by4 ,on ,?ursday1 ! #b;d1 he wrote ?us = ! la/ "t 9 8 ,di>y3 8,mu* worse3 incapable ( bus9ess3 ,mr4 ,k5n$y came to receive in/ructions ab\t pr9t+ 9 case ( my dea?40 ,he sat up1 h[ev]1 a great "p ( ! day1 0 *e]ful1 & gave ,mr4 ,coop] & myself "s directions1 ) ! same composure z ?\gh he _h only be5 ab\t to leave home = a %ort "t4 ,?\gh x 0 fatigu+ to him to talk1 he read a good deal 9 ! works above m5tion$4 ,on ,friday he 0 mu* bett]4 ,he sat up a good "p ( ! day read+ ,newcome2 ,dr4 ,disney's ,translation ( ! ,psalms2 & "s *apt]s 9 ! ,greek ,te/am5t1 :i* 0 8 daily practice4 ,he correct$ a pro(-%eet ( ! ,notes on ,isaiah4 ,:5 he w5t to b$ he 0 n s well3 he _h an idea he %\ld n live ano!r day4 ,at pray]-"t he wi%$ to h ! *ildr5 kneel by 8 b$side1 say+1 x gave him great pleasure to see ! little ?+s kneel2 &1 ?9k+ he possibly might n see !m aga91 he gave !m 8 bless+4 ,on ,saturday1 ! #d?1 my fa!r got up = ab\t an h\r :ile 8 b$ 0 made4 ,he said he felt m com=table 9 b$ ?an up4 ,he read a good deal1 & look$ ov] ! fir/ %eet ( ! ?ird volume ( ! ,notes1 t he might see h[ we 7 likely to g on ) x2 & hav+ exam9$ ! ,greek & ,hebrew quotations1 & f9d+ !m "r1 he said he 0 satisfi$ we %\ld f9i% ! "w v well4 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! day1 he express$ 8 gratitude 9 be+ p]mitt$ to die quietly 9 8 family1 )\t pa91 ) e conv5i5ce & com=t he c\ld wi% =4 ,he dwelt ^u ! peculi>ly happy situation 9 :i* x _h pleas$ ! ,div9e ,be+ to place him 9 life2 & ! great advantage he _h enjoy$ 9 ! acqua9tance & fri5d%ip ( "s ( ! be/ & wise/ m5 9 ! age 9 :i* he liv$1 & ! satisfaction he d]iv$ f hav+ l$ an useful z well z a happy life4 ,on ,sunday he 0 mu* weak]1 & only sat up 9 an arm$ *air :ile 8 b$ 0 made4 ,he desir$ me to read to him ! elev5? *apt] ( ,john4 ,i 0 go+ on to read to ! end ( ! *apt]1 b he /opp$ me at ! #de? v]se4 ,he dwelt = "s "t on ! advantage he _h d]iv$ f read+ ! scriptures daily1 & advis$ me to d ! same2 say+1 t x w\ld prove to me1 z x _h done to him1 a s\rce ( ! pure/ pleasure4 ,he desir$ me to rea* him a pamphlet :i* 0 at 8 b$'s head1 ,simpson on ! ,duration ( future ,puni%m5t4 8,x w be a s\rce ( satisfaction to y to read t pamphlet10 said he1 giv+ x to me4 8,x conta9s my s5tim5ts1 & a belief 9 !m w be a support to y 9 ! mo/ try+ circum/ances1 z x has be5 to me4 ,we %all all meet f9ally3 we only require diff]5t degrees ( discipl9e1 suit$ to our diff]5t temp]s1 to prep>e u = f9al happ9ess40 ,^u ,mr4 ---- com+ into 8 room1 he said1 8,y see1 ,sir1 ,i am /ill liv+40 ,mr4 ---- obs]v$1 he w\ld always live4 8,yes10 said he1 8,i believe ,i %all2 & we %all all meet aga9 9 ano!r & a bett] _w40 ,he said ?is ) great animation1 lay+ hold on ,mr4 ----'s h& 9 bo? 84 ,be=e pray]s he desir$ me to rea* him ?ree publications1 ab\t :i* he w\ld give me "s directions next morn+4 ,8 weakness w\ld n p]mit him to d x at t "t4 ,at pray]s he _h all ! *ildr5 br\ght to 8 b$-side z be=e4 ,aft] pray]s !y wi%$ him a good night1 & 7 leav+ ! room4 ,he desir$ !m to /ay1 spoke to !m ea* sep>ately4 ,he exhort$ !m all to cont9ue to love ea* o!r4 8,& y1 little ?+10 speak+ to ,eliza1 8rememb] ! hymn y le>n$2 #8,birds 9 _! little ne/s agree1' c4 ,i am go+ to sleep z well z y3 = dea? is only a good long s\nd sleep 9 ! grave1 & we %all meet aga940 ,he congratulat$ u on ! dispositions ( our *ildr52 said x 0 a satisfaction to see !m likely to turn out well2 & cont9u$ = "s "t to express 8 confid5ce 9 a happy immortality1 & 9 a future /ate1 :i* w\ld af=d u an ample field = ! ex]tion ( our faculties4 ,on ,monday morn+1 ! #f? ( ,febru>y1 aft] hav+ la9 p]fectly /ill till f\r o'clock 9 ! morn+1 he call$ to me1 b 9 a fa9t] tone ?an usual1 to give him "s w9e & t9cture ( b>k4 ,i ask$ him h[ he felt4 ,he answ]$1 he _h no pa91 b appe>$ fa9t+ away gradually4 ,ab\t an h\r aft]1 he ask$ me = "s *ick5 bro?1 ( :i* he took a tea-cup full4 ,8 pulse 0 quick1 weak1 & flutt]+1 8 brea?+1 ?\gh easy1 %ort4 ,ab\t eight o'clock1 he ask$ me to give him "s egg & w9e4 ,aft] ?is he lay q /ill till t5 o'clock1 :5 he desir$ me & ,mr4 ,coop] to br+ him ! pamphlets we _h look$ out ! ev5+ be=e4 ,he !n dictat$ z cle>ly & di/9ctly z he _h ev] done 9 8 life ! additions & alt]ations he wi%$ to h made 9 ea*4 ,mr4 ,coop] took d[n ! sub/ance ( :at he said1 :i*1 :5 he _h done1 ,i read to him4 ,he said ,mr4 ,coop] _h put x 9 8 own language2 he wi%$ x to be put 9 84 ,i !n took a p5 & ink to 8 b$-side4 ,he !n repeat$ ov] aga91 ne>ly ^w = ^w1 :at he _h be=e said2 & :5 ,i _h done1 ,i read x ov] to him4 8,t is "r2 ,i h n[ done40 ,ab\t half an h\r aft] he desir$1 9 a fa9t voice1 t we w\ld move him f ! b$ on :i* he lay to a cot1 t he might lie ) 8 l[] limbs horizontal1 & 8 head upright4 ,he di$ 9 ab\t t5 m9utes aft] we _h mov$ him1 b brea!d 8 la/ s easy1 t nei!r myself or my wife1 :o 7 bo? sitt+ close to him1 p]ceiv$ x at ! "t4 ,he _h put 8 h& to 8 face1 :i* prev5t$ our obs]v+ x4 ,! above acc\nt1 :i* conveys b a v inadequate idea ( ! composure & *e>fulness ( 8 la/ mom5ts des]ves ! att5tion ( unbeliev]s 9 g5]al1 p>ticul>ly ( ,philosophical ,unbeliev]s4 ,!y h kn[n him to be zeal\s & active 9 ! pursuit ( ,philosophical tru?s & to be ev] ready to ackn[l$ge any mi/akes he may h fall5 into4 ,by ! p]usal ( ^! ,memoirs !y h f\nd t he gradually1 & aft] mu* ?\ght & reflection ab&on$ all ^? op9ions :i* disgrace :at is usually call$ *ri/ianity 9 ! eyes ( rational m5 & ^: inconsi/5cy ) reason & common s5se has mo/ probably be5 ! cause ( _! infidelity & ( _! total inatt5tion to ! evid5ces ( *ri/ianity4 ,^! op9ions he ab&on$1 because he c\ld n f9d !m support$ ei!r 9 ! ,scriptures or 9 ! g5u9e writ+s ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ians4 ,!y mu/ be s5sible t ! same desire = tru? & ! same fe>less _s ( enquiry & ! same c\rage 9 ! op5 av[al ( ! mo/ obnoxi\s t5ets w\ld h l$ him to h disc>d$ religion altoge!r _h he se5 reason s to d1 & !re is little d\bt b t he w\ld h be5 subject to less obloquy by s do+ ?an by expos+ ! v>i\s corruptions ( *ri/ianity 9 ! mann] he did4 ,!y h se5 h[ev] t 9 proportion z he att5d$ to ! subject 8 fai? 9 *ri/ianity increas$ & produc$ t happy disposition ( m9d describ$ 9 ^! ,memoirs4 ,! subject is !re=e well des]v+ ( _! att5tion & !y %\ld be induc$ f s fair an example1 & ! weight due to my fa!r's op9ions1 to make !mselves fully acqua9t$ ) ! argum5ts 9 fav\r ( *ri/ianity be=e !y reject x z an idle fable4 ,_m unbeliev]s h1 no d\bt1 borne ) great pati5ce sev]e calamities2 !y h suff]$ dea? ) great =titude :5 engag$ 9 a good cause1 & _m h c\rt$ dea? to s]ve _! fri5ds or _! c\ntry4 ,x mu/ h[ev] be all[$ t !re is no great m]it 9 meet+ dea? ) =titude :5 x _c be avoid$1 & likewise t ! above cases _c be absolutely calculat$ ^u1 z !re is no suffici5t motive to acc\nt = _! conduct4 ,b ^u a truly practical *ri/ian !re is ! greate/ dep5dance to be plac$ = act+ well 9 all ! situations 9 :i* he may be f\nd1 8 highe/ int]e/ be+ connect$ ) ! p]=mance ( ! greate/ duties2 & ev5 suppos+ t _m p]sons1 :o are n *ri/ians1 f fav\rable circum/ances att5dant ^u _! bir? & education1 & f a naturally happy temp]am5t ( body & m9d1 may1 &1 x mu/ be all[$ d acquire a habit ( dis9t]e/$ b5evol5ce & may 9 g5]al be dep5d$ ^u to act uni=mly well 9 life1 /ill ! *ri/ian has a decid$ advantage ov] !m 9 ! h\r ( dea?1 z to consid] dea? z necess>y to 8 ent]+ ^u a new & enl>g$ sph]e ( activity & enjoym5t1 is a privilege t belongs to him alone4 ,,app5dix1 ,,no4 #a4 ,( ! discov]ies 9 factiti\s ,airs be=e ! "t ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 & ( ^? made by himself4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley has giv5 a g5]al ?\gh brief acc\nt#cc ( :at _h be5 done by 8 pr$ecessors 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( exp]im5tal ,philosophy1 & ,sir ,john ,pr+le 9 8 disc\rse be=e ! ,royal ,society on occasion ( pres5t+ ,dr4 ,prie/ley ) ! ,copley ,m$al 9 #aggbcd has ent]$ expressly1 & m fully into ! hi/ory ( pneumatic discov]ies4 ,! same subject 0 tak5 up ab\t ?ree ye>s aft] by ,mr4 ,lavoisi] /ill m at l>ge1 9 ! introduction to 8 fir/ ,vol4 ( ,physical & ,*emical ,essays1 ( :i* a translation 0 publi%$ by ,mr4 ,h5ry ( ,man*e/] 9 #aggf4 ,x is unnecess>y to detail "h :at !y h writt5 on ! hi/ory ( ^! discov]ies4 ,x may be obs]v$ t no m5tion is made by any ( ^! g5tlem5 ( an exp]im5t ( ,mr4 ,john ,maud1 9 ,july #agcfce1 :o procur$ 7& conf9$7 inflammable air f a solution ( ,iron 9 ! vitriolic acid4 ,inflammable air _h be5 procur$ f ! ,:ite ,hav5 coal m9es1 & exhibit$ to ! ,royal ,society by ,mr4 ,james ,l[!r1 b ,i d n recollect any notice ( its hav+ be5 collect$ f a solution ( metals 9 acids1 & its "* asc]ta9$ be=e ,mr4 ,maud's exp]im5t2 = ,hales1 ?\gh he procur$ bo? inflammable & nitr\s air1 did n exam9e _! prop]ties4 ,b x is mu* m extraord9>y t nei!r ,sir ,john ,pr+le :o 0 a ,physician1 or ,mr4 ,lavoisi] :o 0 s mu* occupi$ "u gov]nm5t1 respect+ ! ,!ory ( ! =mation1 & ! practice ( manufactur+ ,saltpetre f ,nitre b$s1 %\ld n h kn[n1 or h notic$ ! five treatises ( ,may[ on *emical1 phisiological & pa?ological subjects1 publi%$ a c5tury prec$+4 ,may[ is quot$ by ,hales1#cf by ,lem]y1#cg & by ,br[nrigg1#ch b ?\gh !y appe> to h read 8 "w1 x is evid5t t !y knew n h[ to appreciate1 or to pr(it by x4 ,hall]#ci also ref]s to him1 & he is respectfully quot$ by ,blum5ba*#dj3 b 8 book nev]!less long rema9$ 9 comp>ative obscurity4 ,f _! "t ,may[ has be5 neglect$ until 8 writ+s 7 notic$ by ,dr4 ,=/]1 9 #aghj1da & aga9 ann\nc$ z almo/ a discov]y 9 ! *emical _w1 by ,dr4 ,b$does 9 ! ye> #agij4 ,8 doctr9es t\* s ne>ly on ! subsequ5t discov]ies ( ,prie/ley1 ,s*eele1 ,lavoisi]1 ,craw=d1 ,goodw91 c4 t x seems absolutely necess>y to discuss 8 pret5sions1 be=e ^? ( 8 successors c be accurately admitt$4 ,z ,i am acqua9t$ ) ,dr4 ,b$does's pamphlet on ,may[1 f ! analytical review ( x only1 7,v4 vi47 & h no opportunity "h ( consult+ x1 ,i %all take up ,may['s book1 & give an acc\nt ( 8 t5ets1 f ! "w itself4 #cc ,9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 fir/ vol4 ( exp]im5ts3 x is an abridgm5t ( ,sir ,j4 ,pr+le's disc\rse4 #cd ,disc\rses p4 #d4 #ce ,m>tyn's abridgm5t ( ! ,philosophical transactions v4 #i4 p4 #cif4 ,i ?9k ,maud's exp]im5t 9 #agcf likely to h sugge/$ ^? ( ,mr4 ,cav5di% 9 #agff4 #cf ,vegetable ,/atics v4 #b4 p4 #bcd4 #cg ,mem4 de l',acad4 ,royale #agag p4 #dh4 ,on ne dit p\rtant po9t trop s\s quelle =me ce nitre se conti5t dans l'air1 et ,may\1 ,auteur ,anglois et gr& def5seur du ,nitre-,ari5 v\lant claircir cette difficult1 suppose l'air impregn p> t\t d'une espece de nitre metaphysique1 qui ne m]ite pas trop d'tre refut1 quoi-qu'il l'x cep5dant t suffisamm5t p> ,b>*us5 et p> ,s*elham]4 ,le fondem5t de l'op9ion du ,nitre ari51 c'e/ comme le rapporte ,may\ lui mme1 qu'apres avoir enlev une t]re t\t le ,nitre qu'elle cont5oit1 si on l'expose ensuite l'air p5dant un c]ta9 tems elle en repr5d de n\veau3 il e/ vrai que si l'obs]vation toit p>faitem5t telle qu'elle vi5t d'tre rapporte1 on auroit une plus gr&e raison qu'on n'en a1 de suppos] dans l'air une trs-gr&e quantite de nitre1 et de mettre sur le compte de ce nitre ari5 un gr& nombre d'effets auquels il n'a c]ta9em5t aucune "p4 ,! exp]im5t ( ,lem]y m5tion$ 9 ,dr4 ,watson's ,essay on ,nitre1 is 9 p4 #ed ( ! ,mem4 de l'acad4 royale = #agag n = #agca4 ,x sometimes happ5s to m5 ^: g5ius f> transc5ds ! level ( _! day1 to be f t v circum/ance nei!r und]/ood nor believ$ by _! contempor>ies4 ,until ! discov]ies ( mod]n *emi/ry1 :o w\ld h giv5 ,sir ,isaac ,newton cr$it = 8 conjecture t ! ,diamond 0 an inflammable sub/ance8 ,! fact :i* ,lem]y sne]s at1 ! reproduction ( nitre 9 ! e>?1 is e/abli%$ beyond contradiction by ! au?ors quot$ by ,dr4 ,watson 7,*em4 ,ess4 v4 #a4 p4 #cah-cba7 & 9 ,b[le's acc\nt ( ! nitre e>?s 9 ,spa91 & 9 ,&reossi's memoir on ! ,saltpetre ( ,egypt4 ,?\gh x is f> f improbable t aft] lixiviation ^! e>?s may aga9 become gradually impregnat$ ) putrefy+ animal or vegetable matt] to s]ve = ! future crops ( nitre4 #ch ,philosophical transactions v4 #ee p4 #bcb4 #ci ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 8 prelim9>y acc\nt ( ! discov]ies & !ories on respiration 7,exp4 on air v4 #c p4 #cef4 abridg$ edit47 quotes ,hall]'s great "w on ,physiology4 ,hall] quotes ,may[ 9 ?ree or f\r places2 b x is no wond] ! quotations did n /rike ,dr4 ,prie/ley ) any curiosity to exam9e ,may['s book1 = ,hall] c]ta9ly did n und]/& 8 !ory4 ,= in/ance ,lib4 #h4 #ac4 ,nitrum a]eum4 ,si ad v]um s5sum nitri a]ei hypo!sis revocata fuisset p>um utique ab e diff]t quam novissim proposuimus4 ,nitrum quidem ipsum incautiosius olim ,physiologi 9 a]e obvolit>e scrips]unt1 et ex pluvi et nive colligi2 idemque passim ex rupibus effloresc]e 7,sprat ex ,h5%aw p4 #bfd major cal4 hum47 exque plantis et /]coribus educi 7,fludd ,niew5tydt1 #efc-d4 ,may[ de nitro a]eo4 ,l[] de ,corde c4 #c4 ,?ur/on #eb4 #ec4 ,besse ,analyse tom #a et en lettre en reponse ,m4 ,helvet4 #aad47 id nitrum aiunt 9 pulmonibus ad sangu9em v5ire1 et ab eo ruborem illum elegantem1 et f]m5tationem 7,may[1 ,?ur/on p5ult4 ess4 ,t4 #c p4 #bfe7 et calorem sangu9is acc$]e aut vicissim sangu9em cond5s>i4 ,c]ta9ly ! id nitrum1 is n ,may['s4 ,m4 ,rosel seems fir/ to h asc]ta9$ ! exi/5ce ( nitre 9 plants4 ,a late exp]im5t ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's1 ( :i* he gave an acc\nt 9 a lett] to ,dr4 ,wi/>1 seems to make x probable t !re may be nitre 9 sn[4 #dj ,blum5ba*'s ,physiology1 ,caldwell's translation1 ,philadelphia1 #agie4 #afb4 ,speak+ ( ! !ories ( animal heat1 8,b all ^! hypo!ses are emb>rass$ ) innum]able difficulties2 :]eas on ! o!r h& ! utmo/ simplicity1 & an entire correspond5ce ) ! ph5om5a ( nature comb9e 9 recomm5d+ & confirm+ t doctr9e 9 :i* ! lungs are consid]$ z ! focus or fire place :]e animal heat is g5]at$1 & ! deplogi/icat$ "p ( ! air :i* we brea! z ! fuel t supports ! vital flame4 ,t ju/ly celebrat$ "* ,jo4 ,may[ sket*$ out =m]ly ! lead+ traces & ! fir/ great outl9es ( ?is doctr9e :i* 9 our times has be5 greatly improv$1 ext5d$ & f>!r elucidat$ by ! lab\rs ( ! illu/ri\s ,craw=d40 ,dr4 ,d>w9 h[ev] is c]ta9ly "r 9 suppos+ t heat is evolv$ 9 _m o!r processes ( ! animal economy1 beside inspiration4 #da ,see ! translation ( ,s*eele by ,dr4 ,john ,re9hold ,=/] #aghj p4 ,,xiii4 ,9 p4 #dcg ( v4 #e ( ! analytical review ( ,hopson's ,*emi/ry1 be=e ,dr4 ,b$does's acc\nt ( ,may[ 9 #agij ! latt] is /at$ z ! au?or ( discov]ies t might h giv5 rise to ! pres5t sy/em ( pneumatic ,*emi/ry4 ,two ( ,may['s ,essays1 viz4 de ,respiratione & de ,ra*itide1 appe> to h be5 publi%$ at ,leyd51 9 #afga1 ! au?or :o di$ at ! age ( #cd1 be+ !n #bf ye>s old4 ,! propositions :i* ,i h ?\ght x necess>y to extract f ,may['s "w1 7ed4 ( #afgd1 ,ox=d17 & :i* ,i %all ins]t1 w give a concise1 b fai?ful view ( 8 discov]ies & conjectures 9 pneumatic ,*emi/ry4#db ,! abridgem5ts ( ,b$does & ,f\rcroy1 ,i h no opportunity to consult1 & z ,may['s book is f> f be+ common1 ,i h deem$ x by no means an unnecess>y lab\r to give ! read] an opportunity ( judg+ = himself1 :at is ! precise ext5t ( ! claim1 :i* ! patrons ( ,may['s reputation may fairly set up4 ,x is also1 ( ! m importance 9 a hi/ory ( ?is subject1 to notice ! pret5sions ( ?is writ]1 z x appe>s t ,boyle's exp]im5ts on artificial air1 9 8 physico-me*anical exp]im5ts 7 n made until ! ye> #agfg et seq4 ,?\gh ! fir/ edition ( t treatise repeat$ly quot$ by ,may[ 0 9 #affa4 ,may['s exp]im5ts !re=e ought to h be51 & probably 7 kn[n to ,boyle at ! publication ( 8 la/ edition4#dc #db ,i believe ,dr4 ,b$does gives no m ?an ! heads ( ea* *apt] &1 a brief analysis ( ! cont5ts4 ,dr4 ,b$does 9 8 rem>ks on ,f\rcroy's acc\nt ( ,may[1 ,ann4 de ,*imie4 ,no4 #he1 ,ni*4 ,j\r4 v4 #c qu>to p4 #ajh /ates ,may[ at ! "t ( 8 dea? to h be5 only #bg & #bh3 b he 0 born 9 #afde & di$ 9 #agfi4 ,biog4 ,dict4 #hvo4 ed4 ( #agih4 #dc ,i d n f9d t ,boyle quotes ,may[1 ?\gh _! lab\rs 9 ! same field 7 contempor>y4 ,b ,boyle 9 8 hidd5 qualities ( ! air publi%$ 9 #afgd has an obs]vation t looks z if d]iv$ f ,may[4 8,& ?is unde/roy$ spr+9ess ( ! air1 ) ! necessity ( fre% air to ! life ( hot animals1 sugge/s a great suspicion ( "s vital sub/ance if ,i may s call x1 diffus$ ?r\gh ! air1 :e!r x be a volatile nitre or r "s anonym\s sub/ance1 sid]eal or subt]raneal1 ?\gh n improp]ly ( k9 to t :i* seems s necess>y to ! ma9t5ance ( o!r flames40 ,! foll[+ is an analysis ( ,may['s essays1 s f> z relates to 8 *emical ,philosophy4 ,,*ap4 #a/4 ,( ,nitre4 ,! air is impregnat$ ) a vital1 igne\s1 & highly f]m5tative _s ( a nitro-sal9e nature1 p4 #a4 ,nitre is a salt consi/+ ( an acid & an alkal9e "p1 z appe>s by ! ,analysis1 & by ! g5]ation ( nitre2 = if ?is salt be deflagrat$ ) sulphur1 ! acid _s w fly (f1 & may be collect$ by means ( a tubulat$ retort & a receiv]3 & s if x be deflagrat$ ) t>t>1 ! residuum w be equal 9 weight to ! t>t> employ$1 ?\gh mu* ( t1 is ( a ftid oily nature4 ,?is appe>s also f ! composition ( nitre1 by ! addition ( _s ( nitre to an alcali1 p4 #b-d4 ,! fix$ "p ( nitre is obta9$ f ! e>?2 pure e>? be+ probably a comp\nd ( salt & sulphur4 p4 #h4 ,,*ap4 #b;d4 ,on ! a]eal & fi]y _s ( nitre4 ,! air seems to conta9 an acid1 z appe>s f ! reg5]ation ( vitriolic acid aft] ! calc9ation ( ,vitriol1 & f ! ru/+ ( /eel fil+s 9 a moi/ air2 p4 #aj4 ,a compon5t "p ( ! acid ( nitre1 is d]iv$ f ! air1 :i* evid5tly conta9s some?+ necess>y to ! support ( flame4 ,b ?is a]eal pabulum ( flame1 is n air itself1 = air rema9s :5 ! conf9$ tap] is ext+ui%$3 nor is x z vulg>ly suppos$1 ! salt call$ nitre1 p4 #ab4 ,b t ^! fire-air p>ticles exi/ also 9 nitre is evid5t1 s9ce ?is salt w support ! combu/ion ( sulphur 9 vacuo4 ,fill a tube ) gunp[d] slightly moi/5$1 & x w burn out 9 vacuo1 or ) its m\? inv]t$ ov] wat]4 ,h5ce ! a]eal "p ( nitre1 is ! same ) ! fire-air p>ticles ( ! atmosph]e1 & is "o compon5t "p ( ! acid _s ( nitre3 ! o!r be+ 7l ! fix$ "p7 obta9$ f ! e>?1 p4 #ag4 #ah4 ,! fi]y p>ticles ?us common to nitre & to ! air1 he d5om9ates nitro-a]eal4 ,x is ^! t give cau/icity to _s ( nitre1 & occasion ! r$ fumes obs]v$ 9 di/ill+ x1 p4 #ah4 ,!y d n take fire ( !mselves 9 nitre1 because !y are invelop$ ) moi/ure2 b :5 comb9$ ) salt ( t>t>1 & ?r[n on ! fire 9 a dry /ate !y inflame1 p4 #bj4 ,,*ap4 #c;d4 ,( ! nature ( ! nitro-a]eal & fi]y _s4 ,fire he conceives to consi/ ( ^! nitro-a]eal p>ticles set 9 viol5t motion by means ( sulphure\s bodies1 9 ! cases ( cul9>y fire3 b by "s o!r means1 9 ! cases ( ! sol> rays collect$ by a burn+ glass1 & ( ! cele/ial fires4 ,! corrosive & cau/ic nature bo? ( fire & nitr\s acid1 seems to argue t x proce$s 9 bo? f ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles !y conta91 #bb-bd4 ,t fire is n ( a sulphure\s nature is evid5t1 = nitre w n take fire 9 an ignit$ crucible2 b oil ?r[n 91 takes fire imm$iately4 ,s if a piece ( metal be held ov] a c&le1 ! fire p>ticles pass ?r\gh ! metal1 b ! sulphure\s smoke adh]es to ! "u side4 p4 #bg4 ,t ! heat occasion$ by a burn+ glass1 consi/s ( ^! nitro-a]eal p>ticles is evid5t1 = diaphoretic antimony may be made1 ei!r fir/ by calc9ation ) a l5s1 or secondly1 by ! repeat$ affusion ( nitr\s acid1 or ?irdly1 by ! deflagration ( nitre on ! antimony4 ,diaphoretic antimony made by calc9ation1 increases on weight1#dd by means ( ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles fix$ 9 x by ! process4 p4 #bh1 #bi4 #dd ,x 0 fir/ obs]v$ by ,john ,rey 9 #afcj t metals calc9$1 ga9 weight by ! absorption ( air4 ,see an acc\nt ( 8 book by ,m4 ,bay5 ,j\rn4 de ,rozi] #agge v4 #a p4 #dh4 ,!re are also "s exp]im5ts by ,boyle t %ew ! accession ( weight on ! calc9ation ( metals1 b he does n seem aw>e ( ! !ory4 ,%aw's ,boyle1 ,fire & ,flame weigh$ v4 #b p4 #cid1 c4 ,,*ap4 #d?4 ,on ! orig9 ( acid liquors1 & ! e>?y "p ( ,spirits ( nitre4 ,f p4 #cd1 x appe>s t he knew no?+ ( ! absorption & comb9ation ( 8 nitro-a]eal p>ticles 9 ! vitriolic acid1 dur+ ! combu/ion ( sulphur1 b expla9s ! :ole me*anically by ! sal9e portion ( ! sulphur be+ brok5 d[n into m9ute po9t$ p>ticles1 by ! viol5t attrition ( ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles1 & s becom+ fluid & %>p5$4 ,he seems too1 n to "k t ! colco?> ( m>tial vitriol is no compon5t "p ( sulphur1 p4 #cg4 ,! same me*anical explanation he applies to ! =mation ( ! ligne\s acids1 & to ! impregnation ( ! caput mortuum or colco?> ( vitriol1 ) fre% acid by exposure ( air4 ,9 ! succe$+ p>agraph1 p4 #ci1 he supposes t m>*asite 7m>tial pyrites7 imbibes ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles f ! atmosph]e1 & ?us acid is =m$4 ,9 l mann] he expla9s ! =mation ( acids produc$ by f]m5tation1 by ! collision betwe5 ! nitro-a]eal1 & ! sulphureo-sal9e p>ticles ( ! mass4 p4 #da4 ,s also he supposes nitr\s acid to be produc$ by ! det5tion ( 8 nitro-a]eal p>ticles by ! t]r5e sal9e p>ticles f\nd 9 ! e>?1 p4 #dc4 ,h5ce he concludes g5]ally1 p4 #dc1 t acid salts are =m$ f a sal9e basis br\ght into fusion or fluidity by ! nitro-a]eal "p ( ! air3 & sums up 8 !ory ( nitre1 by /at+ x to be a triple salt1 compos$ ( nitro-a]eal p>ticles1 unit$ to a t]r5e basis =m+ ! acid1 :i* !n unites to ! fix$ basis1 suppli$ also by ! e>?4 ,,*ap4 #e?4 ,on ,f]m5tation4 ,he gives 9 ?is *apt] 8 !ory ( f]m5tation1 z aris+ f ! conflict ( 8 nitro-a]eal pr9ciple :i* he ?9ks may be t]m$ m]cury1 & ! sulphure\s pr9ciple3 evid5tly mean+ by ! latt]1 ! ,phlogi/on ( ,/ahl3 & he /ates broadly1 p4 #fj4 t pure sulphur c nev] admit ( acc5sion1 b by means ( ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles obta9$ f ! atmosph]e4 ,! re/ ( 8 reason+ 9 ?is *apt]1 does n seem des]v+ ( fur!r notice4 ,,*ap4 #f?4 ,on ! nitro-a]eal _s z ! cause ( rigidity & ela/icity4 ,^! he expla9s by ! fixation & /ate ( 8 nitro-a]eal p>ticles 9 bodies end[$ ) ^! prop]ties4 ,9 p4 #fi he endeav\rs to acc\nt :y boil$ wat] freezes soon] ?an t :i* has n be5 boil$2 a fact :i* ,dr4 ,black has made ! subject ( a pap] 9 ! #de? vol4 ( ! ,philosophical transactions4 ,b 8 reason+s ?r\gh\t ?is *apt] are n calculat$ to add to 8 reputation1 or to ! mass ( k ( ! pres5t day4 ,,*ap4 #g?4 ,! ela/ic =ce ( ! ,air dep5ds on its nitro-a]eal p>ticles4 ,9 :at way exhau/$ air is reimpregnat$ ) !m4 ,( ! elem5ts ( ,heat & ,cold4 ,?is *apt] conta9s exp]im5ts to %ew t ! ela/icity ( ! air is ow+ to ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles conta9$ 9 x3 :i* may be de/roy$ by ! burn+ ( a c&le or o!r combu/ible sub/ances1 & also by ! brea?+ ( animals4 ,:5 ! atmosph]ic air conta9$ 9 a glass j> inv]t$ ov] wat]1 w no long] support flame or animal life1 ! wat] rises 9 ! j>1 ow+ to ! dim9i%$ ela/icity ( ! air1 n be+ able to c\nt]act ! pressure ( ! surr\nd+ atmosph]e on ! wat] p4 #ajj4 ,he f9ds p4 #aja t ! dim9ution by burn+ a tap] 9 a giv5 quantity ( ! air1 is ab\t "o ?irtie? ( ! :ole1 & by ! brea?+ ( mice & o!r animals ab\t "o f\rte5?4 ,!nce he concludes p4 #ajf t by means ( respiration ! ela/ic "p ( ! air ent]s into ! blood1 & t ! sole use ( ! lungs is n z "s suppose1 to break d[n ! blood 9 its passage into v m9ute p>ticles4 ,t combu/ion & respiration h simil> effects on atmosph]ical air1 he concludes1 p4 #ajh1 f ! fact1 t a c&le & a small animal inclos$ toge!r 9 a glass j> ov] wat]1 ! "o w n burn1 nor ! o!r rema9 alive above half ! "t t !y w\ld if alone4 ,may[ h[ev]1 did n consid] 8 nitro-igne\s & ela/ic p>ticles to be ei!r pure air1 or ev5 a compon5t "p ( ! common air1 z air1 not)/&+ ! ambiguity ( ! passages 9 p4 #aad & #aah2 b z p>ticles ( a diff]5t nature1 atta*$ to & fix$ 9 ! atmosph]ic p>ticles2 & deta*$ 7excussas7 by ! means above m5tion$1 p4 #aah & #aba4 ,8 explanation ( ela/icity g5]ally 9 ?is *ap4 & ( ! difficulty aris+ f ! obvi\s resi/ance to ! ,atmosph]e1 & ! expansibility ( ! air 9 :i* a tap] has be5 ext+ui%$1 or an animal di$1 seem too obscure & un9telligible to m]it transcrib+4 ,x is evid5t h[ev] ^u ! :ole f p4 #abc comp>$ ) p4 #ajj & #ace t he conceiv$ ! dim9ution ( su* air to arise f dim9i%$ ela/icity1 b he supposes x to be d5s] ?an common air #abc4 ,9 a subsequ5t "p ( ?is *apt] p4 #abh et seq4 he /ates 8 !ory ( ! mann] 9 :i* det]iorat$ air recov]s its loss1 viz4 t ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles be+ light] ?an ! atmosph]ical1 float abundantly 9 ! high] regions2 & t ! "p ( ! atmosph]e depriv$ ( !m bel[1 be+ =c$ upw>d by ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e above1 obta9s a r5ewal ( ^! p>ticles by mixture ) ! /rata :]e !y ab\nd4 ,! elem5t ( fire1 he supposes to reside 9 ! body ( ! ,sun1 :i* is no o!r ?an a mass ( nitro-a]eal p>ticles driv5 9 p]petual gyration ) imm5se velocity4 ,cold1 :i* he consid]s z "s ?+ positive 7p4 #acj7 he ?9ks consi/s 9 ^! p>ticles assum+ a po9t$ =m1 & mov+ n 9 gyration b /rait =w>d4 ,mu* ( 8 reason+ inde$ ?r\gh\t ! book1 sav\rs greatly ( ! me*anical & corpuscul> philosophy preval5t 9 8 day4 ,,*ap4 #h?4 ,on ! nitro-a]eal _s z inspir$ by animals4 ,=m]ly he ?\ght t 9 respiration ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles 7 rubb$ or %ak5 (f 7att]]e1 excut]e #adf7 f ! common air by ! action ( ! lungs1 at pres5t he ?9ks ! air itself ent]s ! mass ( ! blood1 is !re depriv$ ( ^! p>ticles1 & ( "p ( its ela/icity4 ,to prove ?is he produces an exp]im5t ( ! dim9ution ( air by ! vap\rs f iron dissolv$ 9 nitr\s acid3 b ! beautiful d$uctions ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley f a simil> exp]im5t1 nev] occurr$ to him2 on ! contr>y he expressly /ates t x is an ,aura1 b n ,air p4 #ade & ?\gh aft]w>d 9 *ap4 #i p4 #afc1 #afd he incl9es to d\bt1 yet aga9 9 p4 #afh he d5ies x t "*4 ,9 p4 #adf he proce$s to /ate ! uses ( ^! nitro-a]eal p>ticles1 :i* 7#adg7 he consid]s z ! pr9ciple ( life & motion bo? 9 animals & vegetables4 ,by ! mutual action ( ! nitro-a]eal1 ) ! sulphureo-sal9e p>ticles conta9$ 9 ! blood1 a f]m5tation is excit$ necess>y to animal life1 & to ! w>m fluid circulation ( ! blood 7ad sangu9is /um47 ,to ^! p>ticles imbib$ f ! air1 he attributes ! diff]5ce 9 col\r betwe5 ! v5\s & art]ial blood2 & he %ews ?is1 f ! num]\s air bubbles aris+ 9 an exhau/$ receiv] f w>m art]ial blood3 b 8 exp]im5t to illu/rate ! diff]5ce1 f ! col\r produc$ by ! nitr\s acid ) vol4 alk4 seems v little to ! purpose p4 #aej4 ,to ! f]m5tation aris+ f ?is mixture ( nitro-a]eal p>ticles ) ! blood1 he ascribes animal heat1 & acc\nts satisfactorily = ! increas$ heat ( ! body dur+ /rong ex]cise1 f ! m frequ5t inspirations occasion$ by ! ex]tion 7p4 #aeb1 #cjf37 b 8 replies to ! objections ( ,dr4 ,willis1 drawn f ! ph5om5a ( f]m5t+ mixtures1 are v inconclusive4 ,,*ap4 #i?4 ,:e!r air c be g5]at$ anew4 ,he repeats ! exp]im5t ( dissolv+ iron 9 dilute nitr\s acid1 & f9ds t ?\gh "s ( ! vap\r be absorb$1 a portion /ill rema9s uncond5sible ev5 by sev]e cold4 ,on sub/itut+ dilute vitr4 = nitr4 acid he f9ds an aura :i* is h>dly absorb$ or cond5s$ at all4 ,h5ce he d\bts :e!r ^! aur be n entitl$ to ! appellation ( air1 especially z by subsequ5t exp]im5t he %ews t !y are equally expansible ) common air4 ,9 mak+ ?is la/ exp]im5t he exhibits ! me?od ( transf]r+ air f "o vessel to ano!r 7,tab4 #e4 ,fig4 #e47 mu* 9 ! mann] aft]w>ds describ$ by ,mr4 ,cav5di% 9 #agff4de ,f ! inability ( ^! aur to support animal life 7,tab4 #e4 ,fig4 #f47 he concludes f9ally t !y are n air1 ?\gh n v dissimil> p4 #aga4 ,! succe$+ five *apt]s d n seem to conta9 any facts or conjectures t c add to ,may['s reputation4 ,8 ,hypo!ses are completely sup]c$$ by ! m accurate k ( ! pres5t day4 ,9 8 tract on quick lime p4 #bbe he seems to h =e/all$ ! acidum p+ue ( ,dr4 ,mey] publi%$ exactly a c5tury aft]w>d4 ,x may be not$ t 9 8 treatise on ! ,ba? wat]s p4 #bei1 he describes fi%es z collect+ vital air f ! wat]1 & respir+ l l& animals4 7,a]eum aliquod vitale ab aqu1 veluti alis ab aur secretum et 9 cruoris massam trajiciatur47 ,! air bladd] he consid]s r z a res]voir ( air to be inspir$1 ?an a receptacle = excret$ air2 ?\gh ! latt] op9ion is made probable by ,dr4 ,prie/ley4#df #de ,boyle _h inv5t$ an app>atus = transf]r+ air f "o receiv] ( an air-pump to ano!r1 b n "u wat]4 #df ,see ,ni*4 ,j\rn4 v4 #c p4 #aai on ! probability ( fi%es sep>at+ oxyg5 f ! wat] !y inhabit4 ,! fir/ "p ( 8 ,treatises on ,respiration is *iefly anatomical4 ,9 p4 #cjj et seq4 he /ates m fully 8 op9ion1 t vital air1 is ( a nitro-sal9e nature3 t x is ! pr9ciple ( life1 bo? 9 ,animals & ,vegetables3 t comb9$ ) ! sulphureo-sal9e p>ticles 9 ! blood1 x is ! /imulus to ! muscul> fibre1 & ( c\rse to ! he>t z a muscle1 p4 #cje2 b t ! f]m5tation occasion$ by ! introduction ( ^! p>ticles into ! blood1 is n conf9$ to ! left v5tricle ( ! he>t1 b comm5ces1 9 ! passage ( ! blood ?r\gh ! lungs1 & cont9ues 9 ! ,art]ies4 ,?is evid5tly approa*es ! !ory1 advanc$ by ,dr4 ,goodwyn 9 8 tract on ! ,connection ( life ) respiration ab\t sixte5 ye>s ago1 viz4 t ! pure air comb9$ ) ! blood is ! /imulus to ! left v5tricle ( ! he>t1 & produces ! alt]nate contraction1 & dilation on :i* ! circulation dep5ds4 ,dr4 ,l[]1 9 8 treatise de motu sangu9is1 & ,fracassati1 & ,dr4 ,fr$]ick ,sl>e attribut$ ! *ange ( ! col\r ( v5\s blood into a florid r$1 to ! comb9ation ( ! air ) x4 ,l[] ,i believe prec$$ ,may[1 :o quotes him1 p4 #adh2 ! date ( ,fracassati's & ,dr4 ,sl>e's' obs]vations ,i h n be5 able to asc]ta91 b !y mu/ h be5 ne> ! "t ( ,may[4 ,l[?4 ,ab4 v4 iii4 p4 #bcg4 ,9 8 ?ird treatise on respiration1 he expla9s ! ,animal conomy ( ! ftus 9 ut]o1 by sugge/+ t ! ftus is suppli$ by ! plac5ta1 n ) v5\s1 b ) art]ial blood br\ght by ! umbilical ,art]ies2 s t ! requir$ /imulus ( ! nitro-a]eal p>ticles be+ ?us convey$1 sup]c$es ! necessity ( ! lungs = ! purpose4 ,?is he +5i\sly illu/rates by ! kn[n exp]im5t1 t a dog into :om art]ial blood is infus$1 ?\gh respir+ ) great difficulty be=e1 h>dly respires at all4 ,a simil> !ory he applies to ! life ( ! *ick 9 ovo4 ,?is treatise seems to h sugge/$ ,dr4 ,b$does's illu/ration ( 8 !ory ( consumption f ! /ate ( pregnancy4 ,9 a subsequ5t ,essay on animal spirits1 he conceives !m to be1 if n ! same ) ! nitro-a]eal "p ( ! atmosph]e1 yet to consi/ ( ?is1 s f> z !y are necess>y to ! production ( muscul> motion1 :i* he attributes entirely z be=e to nitro-a]eal p>ticles1 p4 #bd & #dj1 ( *ap4 #d1 on ! animal spirits4 ,i d n obs]ve any ?+ else 9 ,may['s book wor? not+ on ! pres5t occasion2 or suffici5tly connect$ ) pneumatic ,*emi/ry4 ,f ! analysis ?us giv5 (#dg :at ,may[ has advanc$1 x appe>s1 t he cle>ly compreh5d$ ! atmosph]e to consi/ ( a mixture ( two p>ts1 ! "o ! effici5t cause ( life & ( combu/ion1 ! o!r n ( itself necess>y to ei!r4 #dg ,at ! "t ?is 0 writt5 nei!r ,dr4 ,bo/ock's treatise on respiration or ! books !re9 quot$ p4 #bjj _h arriv$ "h4 ,nor h ,i _h an opportunity ( consult+ ! ref]5ces !re made to ,pr(4 ,rob9son1 ,dr4 ,?ompson1 ,dr4 ,yeates1 or ,f\rcroy's acc\nt ( ,may[4 ,t ! vital "p ( ! air1 0 also a con/itu5t "p ( nitre1 ! effects ( bo? be+ 9 ess5tial p>ticul>s ! same4#dh ,t ! vital "p ( ! atmosph]e ent]+ ! blood ?r\gh ! vessels 9 ! lungs1 is convey$ to ! left v5tricle ( ! he>t1 & becomes ! /imulus to ! contractions ( t muscle1 & is equally ess5tial to ! :ole sy/em ( muscul> contraction4 #dh ,mr4 ,ray wrote 8,a diss]tation 79 #afif7 ab\t respiration10 9 :i* he supposes ! air to pass f ! bron*ia & lungs into ! sub/ance ( ! blood1 & !re 7pabuli in/>7 x fom5ts & ma9ta9s ! vital flame :i* he supposes to be 9 ! sulphure\s p>ts ( ! blood1 z ! air fom5ts ! common flame ( a c&le1 & t ! nitre has no?+ to d ) x4 ,see ,durham's collection ( ,ray's lett]s4 ,t ! vital "p ( ! atmosph]e ?us comb9$ ) ! blood becomes also ! s\rce ( animal heat4 ,t ?is vital "p is equally necess>y to ! ftus 9 ut]o z to ! adult1 & t ! use ( ! lungs 9 ! =m] case is sup]c$$ by ! functions ( ! umbilical art]y & plac5ta2 by means ( :i*1 blood already impregnat$ ) ! vital air1 is convey$ to ! ftus4 ,t ! respiration ( fi%es1 is dep5dant on ! p>ticles ( air mix$ ) wat]y elem5t !y inhabit$4 ,t heat1 flame1 & combu/ion1 dep5d on two univ]sal pr9ciples1 & ! g5tl5ess or viol5ce ( _! mutual conflict3 ! "o be+ a pr9ciple ( inflammability univ]sally diffus$ 9 combu/ible bodies1 & ! o!r ! vital or igne\s "p ( ! atmosph]e4 ,^! propositions evid5tly t\* ^u ! mo/ brilliant ( ! pneumatic discov]ies ( ! au?ors already quot$2 & n a little extraord9>y x is1 t !y %\ld h rema9$ s long unkn[n1 unnotic$1 & n und]/ood4 ,! sulphur ( ,may[ is decid$ly ! ,phlogi/on ( ,/ahl2 ! fire air ( ! =m] is ! fire air ( ,s*eele1 ! dephlogi/icat$ air ( ,prie/ley1 & ! ,oxyg5 ( ,lavoisi]4 ,! comb9ation ( oxyg5 ) ! blood by means ( respiration1 fir/ discov]$ z 0 ?\ght by ,lavoisi]1 is cle>ly /at$ by ,may[2 :o has also =e/all$ ! elaborate !ories ( ,craw=d on animal heat1 ( ,goodwyn1 on muscul> /imulus1 & ( ,b$does on ! succ$aneum = respiration 9 ! ftus4 ,boyle1 ?\gh he mu/ c]ta9ly h kn[n ( ,may[1 nei!r quotes him1 nor uses1 or improves on 8 exp]im5ts2 ?\gh z ,i h already rem>k$1 he seems to h _h notions ( ! atmosph]e mu* l ^? adopt$ by ,may[4 ,:e!r ?is neglect arose f ! pride ( bir?1 or ! pride ( k1 or ! pride ( age1 7= ,boyle 0 almo/ twice ! age ( ,may[7 or f jeal\sy ( ,may['s abilities1 _c n[ be asc]ta9$4 ,f t "t until ,hales publi%$ 8 /atics 9 #agbf1 pneumatic exp]im5ts 7 neglect$1 & ! ma!matical philosophy :i* ,newton's discov]ies r5d]$ fa%ionable1 absorb$ = _m ye>s ! att5tion ( m5 ( ,sci5ce1 p>ticul>ly 9 ,engl&4 ,! way 9 :i* ,lem]y1 ,hales & ,br[nrigg speak ( ,may[1 evid5tly %ews t 8 !ories 7 n und]/ood1 nor 8 m]its appreciat$4 ,t ,may[ 0 unkn[n to ,black & ,cav5di% until ( late ye>s1 is highly probable at lea/1 if n absolutely c]ta94 ,nei!r ^! philosoph]s1 nor ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 c\ld h pass$ ov] ,may['s book1 )\t be+ /ruck ) 8 ideas1 & publicly ref]r+ to !m 9 _! *emical works4 ,t ,dr4 ,prie/ley 0 unacqua9t$ ) ,may[ is c]ta91 f ! limit$ ext5t ( 8 read+ at ! e>ly p]iod ( 8 exp]im5ts 7f #aggj to #aggf or #aggg17 9 books ( *emi/ry & !oretic physiology3 f ,may[1 n be+ quot$ by any ( ! writ]s ^: works ,dr4 ,prie/ley w\ld be likely to consult except ,hales & ,br[nrigg1 & n by !m 9 a mann] to induce any f>!r curiosity3 f _! be+ unnotic$ by ,black1 ,cav5di%1 ,sir ,john ,pr+le1 & ,lavoisi]1 9 p>ticul>3 f ! cu/om t ,dr4 ,prie/ley _h ( ackn[l$g+ ! s\rces ( 8 ideas 9 all cases :]e !y orig9at$ f ! discov]ies ( o!rs1 z 9 8 ref]5ces to ,hales1 ,br[nrigg1 ,cav5di%1 c2 & f 8 mak+ no m5tion ( ,may[ 9 8 express acc\nt ( ! lab\rs ( 8 pr$ecessors on ! subject ( animal respiration4 ,t bo? he & ,sir ,john ,pr+le be=e ! ,royal ,society 9 #aggb & #aggf %\ld expressly treat ! hi/ory ( discov]ies 9 :i* ,may[ bore s di/+ui%$ a "p1 & omit notic+ him altoge!r1 _h !y kn[n ( 8 works1 is incr$ible4 ,x is evid5t t he 0 !n an obscure writ]1 & n 9 repute1 or he w\ld h occurr$ to !m2 or "s ( _! philosophical fri5ds w\ld h sugge/$ ! propriety ( ref]r+ to 8 publications4 ,nei!r is x likely t ,s*eele w\ld h be5 acqua9t$ ) ,may['s writ+s1 ?\gh x is s+ul> t he escap$ ! notice ( ,lavoisi] :o ,i believe 0 employ$ "u gov]nm5t 9 ! collection ( essays on ! !ory & manufacture ( saltpetre & 9 ! sup]9t5dance ( ! saltpetre works1 especially z ,may[ 0 m5tion$ ?\gh disrespectfully by ,lem]y1 9 8 pap] on nitre be=e ref]r$ to4 ,b !re c]ta9ly is no evid5ce t ,lavoisi] obta9$ 8 ideas ( oxyg5 & its comb9ation ) ! blood f ,may[1 or 8 !ory ( metallic calc9ation f ,jean ,rey1 ?\gh 8 obligations to ,dr4 ,prie/ley h n be5 always ackn[l$g$ ) ! c&\r & lib]ality t m5 ( sci5ce w\ld expect f ,lavoisi]4 ,may[ _h m ?an ord9>y disc]nm5t 9 comp>+ kn[n facts1 & draw+ conclusions f !m1 b he does n appe> to h _h ! tal5t ( imag9+ decisive exp]im5ts1 ( v>y+ !m1 ( obs]v+ & not+ all ! natural ph5om5a att5dant ^u !m1 or suffici5t indu/ry 9 pursu+ !m4 ,x is "o ?+ to make a plausible conjecture1 & ano!r to v]ify x4 ,^? alone are entitl$ to ! hon\r ( discov]ies :o n m]ely />t ! !ory1 b take ! pa9s ( pursu+ x by exp]im5ts & re/+ x on ! basis ( well conceiv$ & accurately asc]ta9$ facts1 suffici5tly num]\s & v>i$ to obviate ! mo/ prom95t objections4 ,may[ has reason$ ) great acut5ess & conjectur$ ) s+ul> felicity1 b he add$ little to ! mass ( philosophical ,,k 9 8 day4 ,he compos$ & decompos$ nitre & asc]ta9$ ! exi/5ce ( vital air 9 ?is sub/ance z well z 9 ! atmosph]e1 b he did n collect1 exhibit1 & exam9e x4 ,he knew h[ to make artificial air f nitr\s acid & iron1 b all ! extraord9>y prop]ties ( ?is gas1 rema9$ unobs]v$ by him z well z by o!rs until collect$ & imprison$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 & expos$ to ! "q "u 8 scrut9iz+ eye4 ,inde$ z an exp]im5tali/ ,dr4 ,prie/ley /&s unrivall$4 ,! multiplicity ( 8 exp]im5ts1 _! +5uity1 _! be>+s ^u ! po9t 9 "q1 _! g5]al importance1 & _! fidelity1 7 nev] equall$ ^u ! :ole1 be=e or s9ce4 ,nor is x any detraction f _! m]it ) ^? :o are accu/om$ to exp]im5t1 t !y hold out no pret5sions to t suspici\s accuracy1 :i* has too (t5 dep5d$ m ^u ari?metical calculations ?an ^u actual weight & measure4 ,! _m k9ds ( a]i=m fluids discov]$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 ! _m me?ods ( procur+ !m1 ! skilfull inve/igation ( _! prop]ties1 ! f\ndation he laid = ! lab\rs ( o!rs1 ! simplicity1 ! novelty1 ! neatness1 & ! *eapness ( 8 app>atus1 & 8 unequall$ indu/ry1 h des]v$ly plac$ him at ! head ( pneumatic ,*emi/ry4 ,nor %\ld x be =gott5 t :ile he ?us out/ripp$ 8 pr$ecessors & contempor>ies 9 ! field ( exp]im5t1 x =m$ n z ) !m ! bus9ess ( 8 life1 b 7among o!r bran*es ( lit]ature & philosophy successfully cultivat$7 ! occupation ( 8 leisure h\rs1 ! relaxation f :at he deem$ m important1 m labori\s1 & m obligatory pursuits4 ,be=e 8 "t 7exclud+ ,may[7 ,boyle _h discov]$ t air might be g5]at$1 fatal to animal life4 ,x 0 kn[n t common air w\ld only s]ve a c]ta9 "t = ! purposes ( combu/ion & respiration4 ,! mephitic exhalations f natural ,grottoes _h be5 rem>k$4 ,inflammable air bo? natural & artificial _h be5 exhibit$ be=e ! royal society4 ,hales _h asc]ta9$ ! pres5ce ( air 9 a great numb] ( sub/ances :]e x 0 n commonly suspect$ ?\gh he _h n ! skill to exam9e ! prop]ties ( ! air produc$4 ,black _h asc]ta9$ ! pres5ce ( fix$ air 9 lime/one1 & ,br[nrigg1 ,lane1 & ,v5el _h illu/rat$ ! !ory ( m9]al wat]s4 ,b x 0 ! pap] ( ,cav5di% 9 #agff on fix$ & inflammable air produc$ f v>i\s sub/ances by means ( acids1 f]m5tation & putrefaction1 t fir/ introduc$ a /ile ( exp]im5t+ 9 pneumatic *emi/ry1 m neat1 m precise1 & sci5tific ?an _h hi!rto be5 kn[n4 ,! att5tion ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 h[ev] to ^! subjects 0 n orig9ally excit$ by ! works ( 8 pr$ecessors1 b by ! accid5t ( 8 proximity to a brew-h\se at ,le$s1 :]e ( c\rse fix$ air 7a subject t _h attract$ mu* att5tion ab\t t "t7 w\ld be produc$ 9 a l>ge way4 ,x 0 ?us t "o exp]im5t l$ to ano!r1 until ! fruits ( 8 amusem5ts 7 ! discov]ies on :i* 8 philosophical reputation is pr9cipally f\nd$4 ,x is no m ?an ju/ice to 8 "* to m5tion 9 ?is place1 t ( all m5 liv+ he 0 ! free/ f lit]>y deception & ! vanity ( au?or%ip4 ,he nev] claims ! m]it ( pr(\nd inve/igation or great =esight1 = discov]ies t might easily h be5 s /at$ z if !y _h be5 ! pure result ( ^? qualifications1 b :i* 7 9 reality ! (fspr+ ( accid5t & circum/ance4 ,he excites o!rs to pati5t lab\r 9 ! field ( exp]im5t1 f obs]v+ t success does n dep5d s mu* on great abilities or ext5sive k1 z on pati5t att5tion1 & p]sev]ance2 & t mu* ( 8 own reputation 0 ow+ to ! discov]y ( facts t arose 9 ! c\rse ( 8 pursuits1 ! result ( no previ\s !ory1 unlook$ = & unexpect$4 ,9 v4 #c p4 #bhb ( 8 exp]im5ts on air he says 8,few p]sons ,i believe h met ) s mu* unexpect$ good success z myself 9 ! c\rse ( my philosophical pursuits4 ,my n>rative w %ew t ! fir/ h9ts at lea/ ( almo/ e ?+ t ,i h discov]$ ( mu* importance h occurr$ to me 9 ?is mann]4 ,9 look+ = "o ?+ ,i h g5]al f\nd ano!r1 & sometimes a ?+ ( mu* m value ?an t :i* ,i 0 9 que/ (4 ,b none ( ^! unexpect$ discov]ies appe> to me to h be5 s extraord9>y z t ,i am ab\t to relate 7viz4 ! spontane\s emission ( dephlogi/icat$ air f wat] conta9+ a gre5 vegetat+ matt]7 & x may s]ve to admoni% all p]sons :o are engag$ 9 simil> pursuits1 n to ov]look any circum/ance relat+ to an exp]im5t1 b to keep _! eyes op5 to e new appe>ance & to give due att5tion to x h[ev] inconsid]able x may seem40#di ,to ?is c&\r ( disposition1 & ! read9ess ) :i* he ackn[l$g$ 8 mi/akes & 8 ov]sights1 ev5 ^? :o oppos$ 8 op9ions be> hon\rable te/imony4 8,! celebrat$ ,prie/ley himself 7says ,m4 ,b]?ollet 9 8 reply to ,kirwan on ,phlogi/on p4 #abd ( ! ,eng4 translation7 (t5 sets u ! example1 by rectify+ ! results ( "s ( 8 num]\s exp]im5ts40 #di ,see also ! #a/1 vol4 ( 8 e>ly edition ( exp]im5ts on air p4 #bi4 ,num]\s inde$ ^? exp]im5ts 7 z well z important3 f> too num]\s to be p>ticul>is$ "h2 ?\gh x may n be improp] to call to ! recollection ( ! read] "s ( ! m int]e/+ facts :i* we owe to ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 & ! times ( _! discov]y & communication4 ,! fir/ ( 8 publications on pneumatic *emi/ry 0 9 #aggb1 ann\nc+ ! me?od ( impregnat+ wat] ) fix$ air1 & on ! prep>ation & m$ic9al uses ( artificial m9]al wat]s2 a discov]y t dome/icat$ mu* ( ! k t _h h]et(ore be5 disclos$ only 9 ! works ( le>n$ societies2 & t beautifully exemplifi$ h[ mu* ( ! heal? & ! pleasure ( common life1 might dep5d on ! +5i\s rese>*es ( m5 ( sci5ce4 ,?\gh ?is 0 ! fir/ publication ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley on ! *emi/ry ( ! airs1 he _h c]ta9ly comm5c$ 8 exp]im5ts 9 ?is bran* ( ,sci5ce1 soon aft] 8 arrival at ,le$s1 & z e>ly at lea/1 z #agfh4 ,9 ! ye> #agga he _h already procur$ good air f saltpetre2 he _h asc]ta9$ ! use ( agitation1 & ( vegitation z ! means employ$ by nature 9 purify+ ! atmosph]e de/9$ to ! support ( animal life1 & t air vitiat$ by animal respiration 0 a pabulum to vegetable life2 he _h procur$ factiti\s air 9 a mu* great] v>iety ( ways ?an _h be5 kn[n be=e1 & he _h be5 9 ! habit ( sub/itut+ quicksilv] 9 lieu ( wat]1 = ! purpose ( _m ( 8 exp]im5ts4 ,9 8 pap] be=e ! ,royal ,society1 9 ! spr+ ( #aggb1 :i* des]v$ly obta9$ him ! hon\r ( ! ,copley ,m$al1 he gives an acc\nt ( ^! discov]ies4 ,9 ! same pap] he ann\nces ! discov]y ( t s+ul> fluid nitr\s air1#ej & its beautiful application z a te/ ( ! purity or fitness = respiration ( airs g5]ally4 ,9 ! same pap] he %ews ! use ( a burn+ l5s 9 pneumatic exp]im5ts1 he relates ! discov]y & prop]ties ( m>9e acid air2 he adds mu* to ! little ( :at _h be5 h]et(ore kn[n ( ! airs g5]at$ by putrefactive processes1 & by vegetable f]m5tations1 & he det]m9es _m facts relat+ to ! dim9ution & det]ioration ( air1 by ! combu/ion ( ,*>coal1 & ! calc9ation ( metals4 #ej ,hone/ly ref]r+ to ,dr4 ,hales & ,mr4 ,cav5di% = any idea t might h remotely l$ to ?is discov]y 7,see ,obs4 on air #a/ ed4 v4 #a p4 #ajh7 ! discov]y h[ev] 0 completely 8 own4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley seems always to h ?\ght nitr\s air z conv5i5t a sub/ance = eudiometrical exp]im5ts z any ( ! lat] sub/itutes1 viz4 ! liquid sulphurets & ! combu/ion ( phosphorus4 ,! f\ndation ( ,mr4 ,davy's sub/itute1 muriat or sulphat ( iron saturat$ ) nitr\s air1 0 z ,mr4 ,davy ackn[l$ges fir/ discov]$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley himself4 ,see ,ni*4 ,j\rn4 = ,jan4 #ahjb p4 #da4 ,! diff]5t /ates ( ! solutions ( iron 9 vitriolic acid h be5 +5i\sly appli$ to ! analysis ( mix$ gasses by ,humboldt & ,vauquel94 ,soon aft] ?is1 9 confirmation ( ,sir ,john ,pr+le's !ory ( int]mitt5ts & l[ fev]s be+ g5]ally ow+ to moi/ miasma :5 p are expos$ to its influ5ce1 he asc]ta9$ by means ( 8 nitr\s te/ t ! air ( m>%es 0 inf]ior 9 purity to ! common air ( ! atmosph]e4#ea ,he _h obta9$ v good air f saltpetre 9 #agga1 b 8 full discov]y ( dephlogi/icat$ air1 seems n to h be5 made until ,june or ,july1 #aggd1eb :5 he procur$ x f precipitate p] se1 & f r$ lead4 ,?is 0 publicly m5tion$ by him at ! table ( ,mr4 & ,madame ,lavoisi]1 at ,p>is1 9 ,octob] #aggd1 to :om ! ph5om5a 7 until !n unkn[n4 ,! exp]im5ts on ! production ( dephlogi/icat$ air1 he made be=e ! sci5tific *emi/s at ,p>is ab\t ! same "t1 at ,mr4 ,truda9e's4 ,?is hi!rto secret s\rce ( animal life & animal heat1 ( :i* ,may[ _h b a fa9t & conjectural glimpse1 0 c]ta9ly fir/ exhibit$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 & ab\t ! same "t1 7unkn[n to ea* o!r7 by ,mr4 ,s*eele ( ,sw$54 ,= ! hon\r ( sci5ce1 x 7 mu* to be wi%$ t ! pret5sions ( ,mr4 ,lavoisi] 7 equally well f\nd$4 ,he has done suffici5t & be5 prais$ suffici5tly = :at he has done1 to satisfy a m9d ! mo/ av>ici\s ( fame2 he is des]v$ly plac$ 9 ! fir/ rank among ! philosoph]s ( 8 day1 & he ought n to h ?r[n a %ade ov] 8 well e>n$ reputation1 by claim+ = himself ! hon\r ( ^? discov]ies :i* he _h le>n$ f ano!r4 #ea ,phil4 trans4 v4 #ed p4 #ib4 #eb ,see ,doctr9e ( ,phlog4 e/abli%$ p4 #aai4 ,f ?is brief acc\nt ( ! fir/ /age ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's *emical lab\rs1 x appe>s t dur+ ! %ort p]iod ( two ye>s1 he ann\nc$ to ! _w m facts ( real importance1 & ext5sive application1 & m enl>g$ & ext5sive views ( ! conomy ( nature1 ?an all 8 pr$ecessors 9 pneumatic ,*emi/ry _h made kn[n be=e4 ,9 #aggf 8 obs]vations on respiration 7 read be=e ! ,royal ,society2 9 :i* he cle>ly discov]$ t ! common air inspir$1 0 dim9i%$ 9 quantity1 & det]iorat$ 9 quality1 by ! action ( ! blood on x ?r\gh ! blood vessels ( ! lungs2 & t ! florid r$ col\r ( art]ial blood1 0 communicat$ by ! contact ( air ?r\gh ! conta9+ vessels4 ,8 exp]im5ts on ! *ange ( col\r 9 blood conf9$ 9 a bladd]1 took away all d\bt ( ! probability ( ?is mode ( action4 ,i _c help ?9k+ t ! circum/ance ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's m9d be+ s mu* occupi$ ) ! prevail+ !ory ( ,phlogi/on1 0 ! reason :y he did n obs]ve t ! dim9ution ( ! air1 & ! florid col\r ( ! art]ial blood 0 ow+ to ! absorption ( ! pure "p ( ! atmosph]e1 r ?an to any ?+ emitt$ f ! blood itself4 ,?is "p ( ! !ory ( respiration ,mr4 ,lavoisi] has c]ta9ly e/abli%$2 ?\gh x is by no means asc]ta9$ z yet :e!r ! vital "p ( ! atmosph]e inspir$1 is :olly & alone absorb$1 or :e!r 9 reality some?+ is n contribut$ 9 ! lungs to ! =mation ( ! fix$ air f\nd aft] expiration4#ec #ec ,t azote is absorb$ dur+ respiration z ,dr4 ,prie/ley suppos$ contr>y to ,mr4 ,lavoisi]'s op9ion1 is made extremely probable by ! exp]im5ts ( ,mr4 ,davy1 ^: accuracy is well kn[n4 ,rese>*es1 p4 #dcd4 ,! =mation ( wat] 9 ?is process1 is c]ta9ly no m ?an conjecture z yet4 ,dr4 ,bo/ock has lately publi%$ a v useful & labori\s hi/ory ( discov]ies relat+ to respiration1 bo? anatomical & pneumatical4 ,9 #aggh ,dr4 ,prie/ley pursu$ 8 exp]im5ts on ! prop]ty ( vegetables gr[+ 9 ! light to correct impure air1 & ! use ( vegetation 9 ?is "p ( ! conomy ( nature4 ,a discov]y :i* 0 ann\nc$ to sev]al m5 ( sci5ce 9 ,engl& previ\s to ! publication ( ! same ideas by ,dr4 ,+5h\z4#ed ,inde$ f its hav+ be5 communicat$ to ,m4 ,magellan ^: pleasure & ^: occupation x 01 to give in=mation ( new facts to 8 philosophical correspond5ts1 & ( ?is 9 p>ticul> to ,dr4 ,+5h\z !n engag$ 9 simil> rese>*es1 !re is h>dly a d\bt b ! latt] knew ( ! exp]im5ts !n p5d+ on ! subject by ,dr4 ,prie/ley4 #ed ,doctr9e ( ,phlogi/on e/abli%$1 p4 #ajg1 et4 seq4 ,! !ory ( ! amelioration ( impure air by ! absorption & excretion ( vegetables gr[+ 9 ! light1 has be5 d\bt$ by ,dr4 ,d>w9 9 8 ,phytologia1 & oppos$ by ,c\nt ,rum=d 9 a pap] publi%$ 9 ! transactions ( ! ,royal ,society1 = #aghg3 also by ,dr4 ,woodh\se ( ,philadelphia1 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal1 = ,july #ahjb1 & by ,mr4 ,rob]t ,h>rup1 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal1 = ,july #ahjc4 ,x is pa9ful to notice ^! ab]rations f propriety 9 ! conduct ( m5 highly respectable 9 ! philosophical _w1 aris+ f an ov] anxi\s av>ice ( lit]>y fame1 & an improp] jeal\sy ( ! reputation ( ano!r4 ,n t x d]ogates f ! "* ( a philosoph] to wi% = ! applause ( ^? :o "k h[ to appreciate 8 m]it1 or :o are b5efit$ by 8 ex]tions2 su* an anxiety is laudable :5 x does n lead to encroa*m5ts on ! lit]>y rights ( o!rs2 nor is x at all desireable "u ! pres5t circum/ances ( human nature1 to expect f m5 ( sci5ce an att5tion to _! pursuits aris+ f motives ( pure b5evol5ce alone1 & exclud+ all views1 hopes1 & expectations ( ! gratify+ tribute ( public approbation4 ,i believe no man ev] lab\r$ ) a m s+le eye to public utility ?an ,dr4 ,prie/ley4 ,b consid]ation 9 society1 & ! respectability att5dant ^u great tal5ts1 & great indu/ry1 successfully employ$ = ! b5efit ( mank9d1 is a motive to useful ex]tion s univ]sal1 s hone/1 s laudable1 & )al s p[]ful1 t x is ! common int]e/1 z well z ! duty ( society1 to be/[ x lib]ally :]e x has be5 e>n$ fai?fully1 & to conc$e x to ^? only1 :o h really des]v$ ?is hon\rable rew>d4 ,f ?is p]iod ,dr4 ,prie/ley seems to h att5d$ to 8 pneumatic exp]im5ts z an occupation2 devot+ to !m a regul> portion ( 8 "t4 ,to ?is att5tion1 among a prodigi\s v>iety ( facts t5d+ to %ew ! v>i\s sub/ances f :i* ! gasses may be procur$2 ! me?ods ( produc+ !m2 _! influ5ce on ea* o!r1 & _! probable composition1 we owe ! discov]y ( vitriolic acid air1 ( fluor acid air1 ( vegetable acid air1 ( alkal9e air1 & ( dephlogi/icat$ nitr\s air1 or gaze\s oxide ( azote z x has be5 call$1 ! subject ( s _m curi\s exp]im5ts by ,mr4 ,davy4 ,to ^! we may add ! production ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( inflammable air by num]\s processes t _h escap$ ! obs]vation ( ,mr4 ,cav5di%2 9 p>ticul> ! =mation ( x by ! electric sp>k tak5 9 oils1 9 spirits ( w9e & 9 alkal9e air2 ! me?od ( procur+ x by pass+ /eam ?r\gh hot iron fil+s1 & ! ph5om5a ( t hi!rto undet]m9$ sub/ance ! f9]y c9d]1 & its alliance to /eel4 ,to ,dr4 ,prie/ley we owe ! v f9e exp]im5t ( reviv+ metallic calces 9 inflammable air & its absorption 9 toto1 app>5tly at lea/1 undecompos$4 ,he fir/ asc]ta9$ ! necessity ( wat] to ! =mation ( ! gasses1 & ! endless production ( air f wat] itself4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley's exp]im5ts on ?is subject1 to wit3 ! g5]ation ( air f wat]1 op5$ a new field = reflection1 & des]ves m m9ute notice4 ,no !ory has yet be5 propos$ adequate to ! explanation ( ! facts4 ,he _h be=e rem>k$ t wat] 0 necess>y to ! g5]ation ( e species ( air1 b ! unceas+ product ( air f wat] _h nev] be5 be=e obs]v$4 ,9 8 fir/ set ( exp]im5ts he procur$ air1 by conv]t+ ! :ole ( a quantity ( wat] into /eam3 !n1 to obviate ! objection to ! wat] hav+ imbib$ air f ! atmosph]e he put ! wat] on m]cury 9 long glass tubes imm]s$ 9 m]cury3 9 a ?ird process he us$ no heat1 b m]ely took (f ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e4 ,9 all ^! cases a bubble ( air 0 extricat$ f ! wat]1 :i* be+ sep>at$ by incl9+ ! tube1 ano!r bubble 0 aga9 produc$ on ea* repetition ( ! exp]im5t4 ,t ?is c\ld n be air imbib$ f ! atmosph]e appe>$ f ?is1 t ?\gh ! fir/ portions 7 g5]ally pur] ?an atmosph]ic air1 ! next became less pure1 & at l5g? :olly phlogi/icat$4 ,x did n appe> t ! addition ( acids1 enabl$ ! wat] to yield m air1 nor did he succe$ 9 attempt+ to conv]t ! :ole ( a giv5 quantity ( wat] into air1 al?\gh expos+ ! wat] conf9$ ov] m]cury to heat1 & sep>at+ ! air produc$1 x /ill cont9u$ to produce m air = tw5ty or ?irty repetitions ( ! exp]im5ts4 ,:5 a c]ta9 proportion ( air 0 ?us produc$ at any "o "t1 no cont9uance ( ! exp]im5t w\ld encrease ! quantity until x 0 sep>at$4 ,h5ce he concludes t ! longe/ cont9uance ( wat] 9 ! /ate ( vap\r w\ld n conv]t x into air4 ,! wat] us$ 0 pure di/ill$ wat] previ\sly boil$ to sep>ate any adv5titi\s air t might h be5 imbib$ f ! atmosph]e4 ,! precautions he us$1 & ! replies to su* objections z he =esaw ! exp]im5t w\ld be liable to1 are detail$ 9 ! pap]s he publi%$ on ! subject1 to wit1 a sep>ate pamphlet publi%$ 9 ,engl& 9 #agic1 & a communication 9 ! ,am4 ,ph4 trans1 v4 ,,iv4 p4 #aa-bj4 ,9 ! la/ m5tion$ pap]1 he proce$s also to give an acc\nt ( "s exp]im5ts on ! prop]ty ( wat] to imbibe diff]5t k9ds ( air1 & ! conv]sion ( sp4 ( w9e1 into inflammable air4 ,?is pap] ins]t$ 9 ! ,am]ican transactions1 0 read be=e t society 9 ,feb4 #agif4 ,9 ,ap4 #ahjj ano!r pap] 0 read be=e ! same society on ! production ( air by ! freez+ ( wat] ,am4 ,ph4 trans4 v4 ,v4 p4 #cf4 ,9 ?is pap] he recapitulates ! g5]al result ( 8 =m] exp]im5ts on ! g5]ation ( air f wat]1 namely 8t aft] all air _h be5 extract$ f any quantity ( wat] by heat or by tak+ (f ! pressure ( ! atmosph]e1 :5ev] any portion ( x 0 conv]t$ into vap\r1 a bubble ( p]man5t air 0 =m$1 & ?is 0 always phlogi/icat$4 ,! process ) ! ,torricellian vacuum 7he says7 ,i cont9u$ = "s ye>s & f\nd ! production ( air equable to ! la/4 ,! necess>y inf]5ce f ?is exp]im5t is1 t wat] is conv]tible into phlogi/icat$ air1 or t x conta9s m ( ?is air intimately comb9$ ) x ?an c be extricat$ f ^! processes 9 any reasonable "t40 ,he proce$s to /ate 8 imp]fect attempts to procure air f wat] by freez+1 until he procur$ cyl9drical iron vessels sev5 or eight in*es high & ne> ?ree in*es wide at ! bottom1 ! upp] orifice clos$ ) a cork & cem5t1 9 ! c5tre ( :i* 0 a glass tube ab\t "o fifte5? ( an in* 9 diamet]4 ,9 ?is app>atus ! wat] 9 ! iron vessel 0 froz5 by means ( sn[ & salt1 ! vessel be+ imm]s$ 9 m]cury1 & ! wat] conta9$ ov] ! m]cury4 ,! quantity ( wat] 0 ab\t ?ree ounces4 ,! exp]im5t 0 repeat$ n9e times )\t *ang+ ! wat]1 & ! la/ portion ( air procur$ 9 ?is mann] 0 z great z any ( ! prec$+2 s t !re rema9$ no reasonable d\bt b t air might be produc$ f ! same wat] 9 ?is mann] ad libitum4 ,hav+ obta9$ ne> two in*es ( air 9 ! glass tube1 ,dr4 ,prie/ley put an end to ! exp]im5t1 & exam9+ ! air f\nd x :olly phlogi/icat$1 n be+ affect$ by nitr\s air1 & hav+ no?+ inflammable 9 x4 ,! inf]5ce drawn by ! ,doctor f ^? exp]im5ts is1 t wat] :5 r$uc$ by any means into ! /ate ( vap\r1 is 9 "p conv]t$ into phlogi/icat$ air2 & ?is is "o ( ! me?ods provid$ by nature = keep+ up ! equilibrium ( ! atmosph]e1 z ! influ5ce ( light on gr[+ vegetables is ! means ( recruit+ ! o!r "p2 bo? ( !m be+ subject to absorption & dim9ution 9 sev]al natural processes4 ,& he ?9ks t !y /r5g!n also ! op9ion1 t wat] is ! basis ( e k9d ( air1 in/ead ( be+ itself a comp\nd ( hydrog5 & oxyg5 accord+ to ! new !ory4 ,at all ev5ts ! exp]im5ts !mselves mu/ be consid]$ z extremely curi\s1 z well z new4 ,! wat] & ! salt ?us made use ( gave rise to ano!r exp]im5t ( ! mo/ important nature to ! pres5t !ory ( *emi/ry1 if x %\ld on future repetition be ultimately v]ifi$4 ,?is exp]im5t relat$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 a lett] to ,dr4 ,wi/on is 9 sub/ance z foll[s4 ,hav+ repeat$ly us$ z above m5tion$ a freez+ mixture ( common salt & sn[1 ! exp]im5t be+ f9i%$1 he evaporat$ ! sn[ wat] 9 an iron vessel & recov]$ ! salt4 ,! salt ?us recov]$ conta9$ "s calx ( iron4 ,he put x by 9 a bottle & labell$ x1 accord+ to 8 usual practice4 ,9 ,octob] #ahjc1 he want$ to procure "s m>9e acid1 & took ! salt ?us procur$ by evaporat+ ! sn[ wat]1 = ! purpose4 ,on comm5c+ ! di/illation1 he 0 surpriz$ to f9d ! receiv] full ( ! *>act]i/ic r$ fumes ( ! nitr\s acid4 ,! vitriolic acid us$ = ! purpose 0 dilut$ ) ab\t an equal quantity ( wat]4 ,on f9i%+ ! process1 he took "s ( ! acid 9 ! receiv]1 & dissolv$ copp] 9 x1 & ?us procur$ good nitr\s air4 ,he 0 himself p]fectly p]suad$ t no nitre _h be5 us$ 9 ! freez+ mixture1 nor _h any by accid5t or design be5 mix$ ) ! salt4 ,he 0 n unacqua9t$ ) ! common mode ( cle>+ black oil ( vitriol by ! addition ( nitre4 ,s t no means ( acc\nt+ = ?is curi\s fact rema9$1 b ! sn[ or ! iron3 he seem$ to ?9k t %\ld ?is exp]im5t be fully v]ifi$ h]eaft]1 x w\ld confirm ! vulg> hypo!sis ( sn[ conta9+ nitre1 & acc\nt = ! f]tiliz+ quality usually attribut$ to sn[4 ,he _h no opportunity 9 t w9t] ( repeat+ ! exp]im5t z he di$ 9 ab\t ?ree mon?s aft]1 & 8 previ\s illness _h compell$ him to =sake 8 laboratory4 ,( ! almo/ disc>d$ !ory ( ,phlogi/on ,dr4 ,prie/ley to 8 dea? rema9$ ! /r5u\s advocate1 & almo/ ! sole support]2 ipse ,agm54 ,beautiful & elegant z ! simplicity ( ! new doctr9e appe>s1 _m facts yet rema9 to be expla9$1 to :i* ! old sy/em w apply1 & ! ,fr5* !ory is inadequate4 ,^! are collect$ ) an +5uity ( arrangem5t1 & a =ce ( reason+ 9 ! la/ pamphlet publi%$ by ! ,doctor on ! subject1#ee :i* no man z yet unprejudic$ c p]use1 )\t hesitat+ on ! tru? ( ! fa%ionable !ory ( ! day4 #ee ,! doctr9e ( phlogi/on e/abli%$ #ahjc4 ,c]ta9ly1 x has n yet be5 suffici5tly expla9$ on ! new !ory1 :at becomes ( ! ,oxyg5 f ! decompos$ wat] 9 ! solution ( metals 9 acids2 nor :y inflammable air is produc$ :5 "o metal 9 solution is precipitat$ by ano!r2 nor :y dephlogi/icat$ air is h>dly to be procur$ f f9]y c9d]1 if at all2 nor :y ?is sub/ance s ab\nd+ 9 oxyg5 accord+ to ! new !ory1 w n oxyg5ate ! muriatic acid2 nor :y x %\ld answ] all ! purposes ( wat] 9 ! production ( inflammable air f *>coal2 nor :y wat] 9 abundance %\ld be produc$ :5 f9]y c9d] is heat$ 9 inflammable air1 & none :5 r$ precipitate is expos$ to ! same process2 nor :at becomes ( ! oxyg5 ( ! decompos$ wat] :5 /eam is s5t ov] r$ hot ,z9c1 & inflammable air is produc$ )\t any addition 9 weight to ! ,z9c employ$2 nor :y !re %\ld be a copi\s production ( inflammable air :5 hot fil+s ( ,z9c are add$ to hot m]cury 9 a hot retort & expos$ to a common furnace heat1 :i* ,i believe is an unreport$ exp]im5t ( ,mr4 ,kirwan's2 nor :y sulphur & phosphorus are =m$ by heat+ _! acids 9 inflammable air )\t our be+ able to detect ! oxyg5 :i* on ! new !ory ought to be sep>at$1 nor :y wat] %\ld be produc$ by ! combu/ion ( inflammable air ) 1#dg ( oxyg51 & nitr\s acid :5 1#ea ( oxyg5 is employ$1 = ?is exp]im5t c n[ no m be d\bt$ ?an expla9$2 nor :y on ! new doctr9e ! addition ( phlogi/icat$ air1 %\ld make no alt]ation 9 ! quantity ( acid ?us obta9$2 nor :y r$ hot *>coal sl[ly suppli$ ) /eam1 %\ld furni% inflammable air only & n fix$ or c>bonic acid air2 nor :y no?+ b pure fix$ air %\ld be produc$ by heat+ ! c>bonat$ ,b>ytes 9 ! same way2 nor :y fix$ air %\ld be =m$ "u circum/ances :5 x _c be pret5d$ t ,c>bon is pres5t1 z :5 gold1 silv]1 plat9a1 copp]1 lead1 t9 & bismu? are heat$ by a l5s 9 common air ov] lime wat]2 or :y ! grey & yell[ calces ( lead %\ld furni% c>bonic acid & azote1 & no oxyg52 nor :y ! residuum ( r$ lead :5 all its oxyg5 is driv5 (f by heat %\ld be ei!r massicot or glass ( lead accord+ to ! degree ( heat1 & n lead 9 its metall9e /ate2 nor :y plumbago ) /eam %\ld yield inflammable & n fix$ air2 nor :y m9ium & precipitate p] se heat$ 9 inflammable air %\ld produce fix$ air2 nor :y on ! evaporation ( a diamond 9 oxyg51 ! fix$ air produc$ %\ld f> exce$ ! weight ( ! diamond employ$1 if "s ( ! oxyg5 _h n ent]$ into ! composition ( ! c>bonic acid s =m$2 nor :y !re %\ld be a con/ant residuum ( phlogi/icat$ air 7or azote7 aft] ! fir+ ( dephlogi/icat$ & inflammable airs1 if x be n =m$ 9 ! process2 nor :y phlogi/icat$ air if a simple sub/ance1 %\ld be s evid5tly =m$ 9 ! v>i\s processes enum]at$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 ! #ac? section ( ! pamphlet ( :i* ,i h made ! =ego+ ab/ract8 :e!r ! doctr9e ( phlogi/on is /ill to be us$ z ! key to ! gate ( *emical !ory1 or :e!r x be prop]ly ?r[n aside = ! elegant sub/itute ( ! ,fr5* *emi/s1 c h>dly be asc]ta9$1 until ! prec$+ difficulties are cle>$ up on ! new doctr9e1 = on ! old !ory !y are suffici5tly explicable4 ,! summ>y ( argum5ts 9 fav\r ( ,phlogi/on1 publi%$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 9 #ahjc1 are evid5tly too important1 & too difficult ( reply1 to be slight$ by ^? :o adopt ! opposite op9ions4 ,non no/ri e/ tantas compon]e lites4 ,%\ld ! old !ory ultimately fall1 x maybe fairly said ( its respectable support]1 si ,p]gama dextra def5di potuit1 etiam hac def5sa fuisset4 ,?is 0 almo/ ! la/ ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's *emical publications1#ef ?r\gh all :i*1 8 *>act]i/ic tal5t z an au?or has be5 em95tly pres]v$1 t ( n only add+ greatly to ! exi/+ /ock ( k1 b excit+ o!rs to ex]tion & reflection 9 ! same l9e ( pursuit4 ,nor c ,i help ?9k+ t mu* ( ! lab\rs ( ! ,fr5* philosoph]s 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( sci5ce w\ld nev] h be5 und]tak51 if !y _h n be5 call$ =? by ! previ\s discov]ies1 n ( ,lem]y1 ,m>graaf1 ,bay51 ,macqu]1 & ,beaum1 b ( ,hales1 ,black1 & ,macbride2 ( ,cav5di% & ,prie/ley & ,s*eele4#eg ,w\ld to ,god !re 7 no o!r object ( conte/ betwe5 ! rival nations ( ,great ,brita9 & ,france1 b :i* %\ld add mo/ to ! sum ( human k1 & contribute mo/ to ! means ( human happ9ess4 #ef ,to ! end ( ?is ,app5dix w be subjo9$ a li/ ( ! scatt]$ pap]s on ,philosophical subjects :i* ,dr4 ,prie/ley publi%$ 9 p]iodical collections1 besides ^? :i* are ins]t$ 9 ! ,philosophical transactions4 #eg ,i d n mean to d5y ! tribute ( praise to ,m>riotte & ,v5el1 any m ?an to ,br[nrigg & ,lane1 & x is c]ta9 t ,lavoisi] 0 engag$ 9 pneumatic exp]im5ts1 previ\s to #aggd4 ,x is impossible to conclude ! prec$+ acc\nt bett] ?an by ! foll[+ extract ( a lett] to ,mr4 ,l9dsey f a man#eh well able to appreciate ! lab\rs ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley2 & ! late te/imony 9 fav\r ( 8 disc]nm5t by ,dr4 ,bo/ock4 8,to enum]ate ,dr4 ,prie/ley's discov]ies1 w\ld 9 fact be to ent] into a detail ( mo/ ( ^? t h be5 made )9 ! la/ #ae ye>s4 ,h[ _m invisible fluids ^: exi/5ce evad$ ! sagacity ( =ego+ ages has he made kn[n to u8 ,! v air we brea!1 he has taught u to analyze1 to exam9e1 to improve3 a sub/ance s little kn[n1 t ev5 ! precise effect ( respiration 0 an enigma until he expla9$ x4 ,he fir/ made kn[n to u ! prop] food ( vegetables1 & 9 :at ! diff]5ce betwe5 ^! & animal sub/ances consi/$4 ,to him ,ph>macy is indebt$ = ! me?od ( mak+ artificial m9]al wat]s1 z well z = a %ort] me?od ( prep>+ o!r m$ic9es2 metallurgy = m p[]ful & *eap solv5ts2 & *emi/ry = su* a v>iety ( discov]ies z x w\ld be t$i\s to recite3 discov]ies :i* h new modell$ t sci5ce1 & drawn to x & to ?is c\ntry1 ! att5tion ( all ,europe4 ,x is c]ta9 t s9ce ! ye> #aggc1 ! eye & reg>ds ( all ! le>n$ bodies 9 ,europe h be5 direct$ to ?is c\ntry by 8 means4 ,9 e philosophical treatise1 8 "n is to be f\nd1 & 9 almo/ e page4 ,!y all own t mo/ ( _! discov]ies are due ei!r to ! repetition ( 8 discov]ies1 or to ! h9ts scatt]$ ?r\gh 8 works40#ei #eh ,ri*>d ,kirwan1 ,esqr4 #ei ,v9dici ,prie/lian1 p4 #fh4 8,?is is n ! only in/ance0 7says ,dr4 ,bo/ock1#fj speak+ ( ,mr4 ,jur9's op9ion t azote 0 g5]at$1 in/ead ( be+ absorb$1 9 ! process ( respiration z ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 & aft] him ,mr4 ,davy _h suppos$17 89 :i*1 aft] ! conclusions ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley h be5 controv]t$ by 8 contempor>ies1 a m accurate inve/igation ( ! "q1 has ultimately decid$ 9 8 fav\r4 ,! complicat$ app>atus1 & impos+ air ( m9ut5ess :i* *>act]ize ! op]ations ( ! ,fr5* *emi/s1 irresi/ibly engage ! ass5t ( ! read]1 & sc>cely p]mit him to exam9e ! /ability ( ! f\ndation ^u :i* ! /ructure is erect$4 ,! simplicity ( ! processes employ$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 ! app>5t ease ) :i* 8 exp]im5ts 7 p]=m$1 & ! unaffect$ conv]sational /ile 9 :i* !y are relat$ h1 on ! contr>y be5 mi/ak5 = ! effects ( ha/e & inaccuracy4 ,some?+ mu/ also be ascrib$ to ! !oretical language :i* p]vades1 & obscures ! *emical writ+s ( ?is ,philosoph]1 9 consequ5ce ( 8 un=tunate atta*m5t to ! doctr9e ( ,phlogi/on40 #fj ,essay on respiration1 p4 #bjh4 ,:5 ! op]ose exp]im5t ( ! ,fr5* *emi/s on ! =mation ( wat]1 %all h be5 suffici5tly repeat$1 & v]ifi$ by o!r exp]im5ts to ! same po9t1 less complex1 less t$i\s1 less exp5sive1 & easy to be repeat$2 :5 ! wat] ?us suppos$ to be =m$ is suffici5tly di/+ui%$ f ! wat] absolutely necess>y to ! g5]ation ( all airs1 & att5dant ^u !m#fa bo? 9 a /ate ( mixture & comb9ation2 & :5 ! difficulties enum]at$ a page or two back1 z att5dant on ! mod]n !ory %all be expla9$ on ! new sy/em1 z well z on t ( ,/ahl1 !n1 & n until !n1 w x be "t to lam5t ,dr4 ,prie/ley's un=tunate atta*m5t to ! doctr9e ( ,phlogi/on4 #fa ,mr4 ,kirwan f\nd t common inflammable air f iron1 & vitriolic-acid1 conta9$ ab\t #b-c ( its weight ( wat] mix$ ) x2 :i* might be sep>at$ f ! air by means ( conc5trat$ vitriolic-acid 9 a wat* glass ov] m]cury1 )\t dim9i%+ ! quantity or alt]+ ! *>act]i/ic prop]ties ( ! air ?us treat$4 ,( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's o!r ,sci5tific ,works4 ,! o!r philosophical lab\rs ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley consi/ ( 8 hi/ory ( electricity1 8 hi/ory ( ! discov]ies relat+ to light & col\r1 & 8 popul> introductions to p]spective1 electricity & natural philosophy4 ,x appe>s t aft] ! publication ( 8 hi/ory ( electricity1 he int5d$ to h pursu$ ! plan1 by compos+ simil> hi/ories ( e bran* ( sci5ce3 a magnific5t idea1 & :i* none b a man consci\s ( uncommon p[]s c\ld h contemplat$4 ,few m5 inde$ 7 s capable ( su* an und]tak+ z ,dr4 ,prie/ley2 = indep5dant ( 8 habits ( pati5t & regul> indu/ry 9 8 lit]>y pursuits1 & ! wide field ( 8 att5tion to sci5tific objects1 he _h a facility ( p]us+1 ab/ract+1 & arrang+ ! works ( o!rs1 n commonly att5dant ev5 ^u equal abilities 9 o!r respects4 ,?is great und]tak+ ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley to embrace ! v>i\s dep>tm5ts ( philosophy1 appe>s a lab\r suffici5t = "o life2 & _h due enc\ragem5t be5 af=d$1 ?is project$ s]ies ( hi/ories w\ld 9 all probability h be5 compleat$1 usefully to ! _w1 & reputably to himself4 ,b he propos$ ?is und]tak+ labori\s z x 01 )\t design+ t x %\ld occupy ! :ole or ! pr9cipal portion ( 8 "t1 b 8 leisure h\rs only2 = at no p]iod did he po/pone 8 pr(essional duties1 or 8 !ological /udies1 to any o!r object :atev]4 ,! life ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley is almo/ a p]petual illu/ration ( a seem+ p>adox1 respect+ m5tal en]gy1 t m5 ( tal5ts1 uncommonly labori\s1 & :o appe> to get ?r\gh m bus9ess ?an "o p]son c\ld be suppos$ equal to1 h usually m leisure "t at _! disposal1 ?an ^? :o h little to d3 s mu* does ! habit encrease ! p[] ( ex]tion4 ,nor 0 any man less av]se to ! innoc5t pleasures ( social enjoym5t ?an ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 or bett] calculat$ z well z m incl9$ to contribute to ! common /ock ( amus+1 & in/ructive conv]sation4 ,x _c inde$ be truly said ( him1 z ,dr4 ,johnson#fb once relat$ ( himself1 t he _h nev] refus$ an invitation to d9n] on acc\nt ( bus9ess b once 9 8 life1 yet no man m readily f\nd leisure = social int]c\rse4 ,?is arose f 8 habit ( divid+ 8 "t into c]ta9 portions appropriat$ to 8 respective pursuits1 & det]m9+ to p]=m a c]ta9 quantity ( lit]>y duty1 )9 ! assign$ p]iod4 #fb ,on t day1 7,dr4 ,johnson said7 z x 0 an unusual deprivation1 he f\nd himself dis9cl9$1 & unable to att5d /eadily to ! "w t l$ him to refuse ! invitation4 ,he walk$ ab\t 8 libr>y occasionally look+ ov] fir/ "o book & !n ano!r until ab\t f\r o'clock :5 we>y ( /ay+ )9 he w5t to a tav]n to d9e4 ,dr4 ,johnson _h = a long "t a dislike to ,dr4 ,prie/ley :o bore two ( ! *>act]s mo/ 9 disrepute ) ,dr4 ,johnson1 t ( a :ig & a diss5t]4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley's pursuits also consi/+ s l>gely ( het]odox !ology1 :i* ,dr4 ,johnson abom9at$1 & exp]im5tal philosophy :i* he he>tily despis$1 !y _h h>dly a common po9t ( union4 ,t[>d ! latt] "p ( ,johnson's life1 !y met2 & ^u ! fri5dly t]ms t ought to obta9 betwe5 two m51 :o1 ea* 9 _! way1 des]v$ s well ( ! republic ( lett]s4 ,! fir/ edition ( 8 hi/ory ( ,electricity1 0 9 #agfg3 x w5t ?r\gh ano!r edition 9 #agfi1 & a ?ird 9 #agge4 ,x 0 publi%$ at a v happy "t1 :5 electricity 0 a fav\rite object ( att5tion to _m respectable m5 ( sci5ce !n liv+1 & x contribut$ 9 a great degree to turn ! public att5tion t[>d ! /udy ( ^! ph5om5a4 ,v mu* ( :at has be5 done s9ce may be fairly attribut$ to ! popul>ity giv5 to ?is bran* ( exp]im5tal philosophy by ,dr4 ,prie/ley4 ,nor did he conf9e himself to a m]e n>ration ( ! lab\rs ( o!rs2 ! second volume conta9s _m new exp]im5ts ( 8 own1 & "s ( !m =m v curi\s & important additions to ! /ock ( electrical k4#fc ,! discov]ies ( ! la/ ?irty ye>s1 p>ticul>ly includ+ ^? ( ,galvanic ,electricity1 are s num]\s1 & s disp]s$ 9 volumes difficult to be procur$1 t a cont9uation ( ?is hi/ory is a desid]atum 9 ! sci5tific _w2 at "o "t !re 0 an expectation ( see+ x f ! p5 ( ,mr4 ,ni*olson1 ^: g5]al k1 & indu/ry1 z well z 8 att5tion to ?is bran* ( philosophy 9 p>ticul>1 r5d] him peculi>ly qualifi$ = ! task4 ,b ! proposals he communicat$ to ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 on ! subject1 7 n pursu$ to effect4#fd #fc ,dr4 ,prie/ley among 8 o!r exp]im5ts on electricity fir/ asc]ta9$ ! conduct+ p[] ( *>coal & ! calc9ation & vitrification ev5 ( ! mo/ p]fect metals by ! electric sp>k4 ,he seems fir/ to h us$ l>ge batt]ies1 :i* ,m4 ,van ,m>um & 8 associates h c>ri$ to su* ext5t4 ,! solutions ( ! metals1 ! gasses produc$ & ! circum/ances :i* accel]ate & prev5t ^! effects 9 ,galvanic processes ) ! pile ( ,volta1 z detail$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 8 pap] on ?is subject 9 ,ni*4 ,j\rn4 = ,m>* #ahjb p4 #aih =m v important additions to ! mass ( k respect+ ! ,galvanic fluid4 ,nor are 8 discov]ies 9 pneumatic electricity1 ( ! conv]sion ( oils1 _s ( w9e & ! alkal9e gass into inflammable air or hydrog5 ( less mom5t4 #fd ,dr4 ,bo/ock1 :o seems to h _m requisites to qualify him z ! hi/orian ( p>ticul> bran*es ( sci5ce1 has publi%$ a good attempt t[>d ! hi/ory ( ,galvanism 9 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal4 ,^! hi/ories ( deta*$ bran*es ( ,sci5ce1 w\ld n only be highly useful1 b !y may be consid]$ z 9 "s measure necess>y to ! accurate pursuit1 & advancem5t ( sci5ce itself4 ,!y are n only useful = ! purpose ( %ew+ ! discov]ies t h be5 made1 & ! "t ( _! publication1 ! ideas t appe> to h sugge/$ !m1 ! p]sons to :om we are indebt$ = !m1 & _! effect on ! _s ( enquiry at ! "t1 b !y prev5t a man ( sci5ce f be+ l$ into mi/akes1 f do+ :at has be5 already done1 f sugge/+ :at has be5 already publi%$1 & f ignorantly claim+ to himself ! m]it due to ! lab\rs ( a pr$ecessor4 ,books are n[ s multipli$1 9 languages s v>i\s1 obta9$ ) s mu* difficulty1 & at an exp5ce s f> exce$+ ! usual means ( sci5tific m51 t ^? :o l ,dr4 ,prie/ley fully & fai?fully execute a "w ( ?is description are real b5efactors to mank9d4#fe #fe ,! transactions ( ! v>i\s academies & philosophical societies 9 ,europe am\nt at lea/ to #ajjj volumes 9 qu>to4 ,! royal society ( ,engl& 9 #affe l$ ! way to simil> in/itutions4 ,! hi/ory ( ,,electricity 0 compos$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 "o ye>4 ,! ?ree editions ( ! "w 9 less ?an eight or n9e ye>s suffici5tly %ew t1 9 ! op9ion ( m5 ( sci5ce1 x 0 well compos$3 o!rwise ! cel]ity ( its composition1 w\ld no d\bt d]ogate f1 in/ead ( add+ to1 ! well e>n$ reputation ( ! au?or2 & r t5d to %ew t he 0 too c>eless or too conceit$ to take ! necess>y pa9s & employ ! necess>y "t to make x fit = public inspection4 ,e man owes to ! public1 t if he pr(esses to in/ruct !m1 he %\ld d$icate z mu* lab\r z ! subject dem&s1 or at lea/ z mu* "t z x is 9 8 p[] to devote to x4 ,i fully acc$e to ! +5i\s correction ( ! nonum prematur 9 ,annum1 sugge/$ by ! witty ,dr4 ,byrom ( ,man*e/]2 b some?+ ( ! ,lim ,labor1 respect = ! tribunal ( ! public dem&s ( e man :o appe>s be=e !m 9 ! "* ( an au?or4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley has 9 m in/ances ?an "o1 be5 accus$ ( unnecess>y if n ( culpable rapidity 9 8 lit]>y compositions3 b he nev] pr(ess$ to be a f9e writ]2 he nev] s\ght aft] ! beauties ( /ile2 & 8 common language 0 suffici5tly neat & expressive1 to communicate ! facts & ! argum5ts ^u :i* x 0 employ$4 ,x is also to be rem>k$1 t ! facility ( composition :i* he acquir$ f long practice1 made t lab\r light to him1 :i* w\ld h be5 too mu* = a less skilful & a less exp]i5c$ compos]4 ,9 _m in/ances inde$ ( 8 rapid publications1 he _h n to seek = argum5ts1 b to express 9 8 unornam5t$ & unaffect$ mann]1 ! ideas t =c$ !mselves ^u him relat+ to a subject previ\sly consid]$ & ^u :i* he _h long made up 8 m9d4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,discov]ies respect+ ,,light & ,,col\rs publi%$ 9 #aggb 0 a m difficult task1 nor did x meet ) equal enc\ragem5t4 ,sir ,isaac ,newton's important lab\rs 9 ?is bran* ( sci5ce1 c\ld n be fully compreh5d$ )\t a portion ( ma!matical k n ev5 !n s common z =m]ly1 among ! philosoph]s ( ! day4 ,ma!matical /udies seem to h 9 !mselves v little to int]e/1 comp>$ ) o!r lit]>y pursuits2 al?\gh by long att5tion & habit1 t int]e/ may be excit$ & kept up4 ,x 0 ab\t ?is "t t ! popul> ph5om5a ( *emi/ry & electricity m decid$ly took _! /& 9 ! field ( sci5ce1 & irresi/ably seiz$ hold on ! att5tion ( ! _w3 ph5om5a1 highly amus+ 9 !mselves1 /rongly attractive f _! novelty1 ( evid5t & imm$iate application1 & t promis$ an incalculable h>ve/ ( hon\rable & useful discov]y1 to su* z w\ld become _! vot>ies4 ,little _h be5 done 9 ?is dep>tm5t ( philosophy1 little previ\s k 0 requir$ to compreh5d all t 0 kn[n1 & ^? :o 7 unable to read a page ( ,sir ,isaac ,newton ) pr(it1 c\ld easily mix an acid & an alkali1 or turn ! :eel ( an electrical app>atus4 ,by ?is "t too1 x _h be5 discov]$1 t !re 7 o!r p[]s 9 nature t mu/ be call$ 9 to expla9 appe>ances1 :i* ! me*anical & corpuscul> philosophy _h endeav\r$ to elucidate 9 va94 ,su* 7 magnetism1 electricity & *emi/ry4 ,x began to be f\nd out1 t ! sci5ce ( calculation1 0 b an aukw>d h&maid to _! si/] bran*es ( natural philosophy1 :ile physiology1 laugh$ outright at ! clumsy addresses ( h] ma!matical admir]s1 f ,borelli to ,keill4 ,! discov]ies !re=e relat+ to light & col\rs1 at ! "t :5 ,dr4 ,prie/ley propos$ 8 hi/ory1 be+ intimately associat$ ) ! /udy ( ! ma!matics1 & ! pr(\nd inve/igations ( ,sir ,isaac ,newton1 7 out ( ! beat ( ! less labori\s1 b m fa%ionable philosophy ( ! day2 & 7 n s g5]ally int]e/+ to ! ,scioli/s & ,amateurs4 ,h5ce ! "w 9 "q1 ?\gh treat$ 9 a v ent]ta9+ & popul> mann]1 & by no means cr\d$ ) ref]5ce to ,diagrams or ab/ruse discussions1 0 n popul> ev5 among t class ( read]s1 :o might reasonably be calculat$ on1 z ! pur*as]s ( su* a p]=mance4 ,! subscrib]s inde$ 7 suffici5tly num]\s1 & respectable1 b by f> ! majority 7 default]s 9 respect ( paym5t4 ,x did n pay ! booksell]3 & ( c\rse /ill less did x recomp5ce ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 a pecuni>y po9t ( view1 especially z he _h gone to consid]able exp5ce ) a view to ! completion ( 8 ext5d$ plan4 ,to him inde$1 ?\gh pecuni>y loss 0 a s]i\s evil1 pecuni>y pr(it 0 a consid]ation ( small importance3 8 motives to lit]>y lab\r seem uni=mly to h arrang$ !mselves z foll[s1 utility1 reputation1 pr(it4 ,! "w 9 "q is c]ta9ly too brief1 consid]+ ! importance ( ! subject3 _m p>ts ( x1 ! !ory ( ,huyg5s1 ,eul]1 & ,frankl9 = in/ance1 seem to h m]it$ m discussion4 ,t all ! ph5om5a ( light dep5d on ! ,sun1 z ! res]voir1 :5ce all ! emanations ( t fluid to ! v>i\s p>ts ( ! sy/em are suppli$1 ! light+ ( a c&le is alone suffici5t to refute4 ,! facts discov]$ to u by mod]n ,*emi/ry w sugge/ a great _m o!r d\bts ( ! doctr9es respect+ light1 :i* 7 reg>d$ z well e/abli%$ :5 ,dr4 ,prie/ley's book 0 writt54 ,b x 0 a fai?ful acc\nt ( ! k ( ! day1 & an unprejudic$ tribute to ! reputation ( ^? philosoph]s :o _h f "t to "t ext5d$ ! b\nd>ies ( sci5ce on ! subjects treat$ (4 ,n a little has be5 add$ to ! mass ( facts !n publi%$1 by ! subsequ5t exp]im5ts ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley himself1 & 8 fell[ lab\r]s 9 ! ,*emi/ry ( ! ,gasses3 & not)/&+ ! exp]im5ts ( ,sir ,isaac ,newton & 8 pr$ecessors1 ! !ory ( light & col\rs is n yet re/$ ^u facts suffici5tly num]\s1 & decisive to satisfy ! enquiries dictat$ by ! pres5t /ate ( k4 ,b ) all ^! disadvantages1 ! "w has nev]!less ma9ta9$ its gr\nd1 = we h no :]e else s sy/ematic1 & compleat1 ?\gh brief an acc\nt ( :at _h be5 made kn[n to ! _w on ?is important bran* ( sci5tific inquiry4 ,x w always rema9 a valuable p]=mance2 & to ! au?or an hon\rable "o1 f ! k & ability requir$ 9 its compilation1 f ! fairness ( ! acc\nt x gives1 & ! ent]ta9+ /atem5t ( facts & sugge/ions int]sp]s$ ?r\gh ! book4 ,x is greatly inde$ to be wi%$1 t ^! hi/ories %\ld be cont9u$ on ! plan :i* ,dr4 ,prie/ley has adopt$4 ,s t all ! prom95t facts %\ld be collect$ 9 ! ord] ( _! discov]y1 & a full view be giv5 ( ! gr\nd already gone ov]4 ,abridgm5ts1 d n answ] ?is purpose2 ! !ories t dictat$ ! exp]im5ts are n detail$1 _! tru? or _! fallacy _c be judg$ (1 & suffici5t m]it is n attribut$ to ! lab\rs ( ! discov]]1 or ! be>+s ( 8 facts on 8 !ory1 suffici5tly expla9$4 ,to atta9 gradually to ! summit ( ! temple ( sci5ce1 we mu/ n only build on ! f\ndations ( our pr$ecessors1 b "k some:at ( _! int5tions at ! "t ( lay+ !m4 ,! m9or treatises ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley on electricity1 p]spective & natural philosophy1 h ?is discrim9ation ( "*1 t !y are m calculat$ to allure "y p to ! /udy ( ^? subjects ?an almo/ any ( ! introductions :i* h ei!r prec$$ or succe$$4 ,philosophy is made1 n an ab/ruse sci5ce1 b a delightful amusem5t4 ,inde$ x 0 ! =t ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley to make k intelligible & popul>1 & treat x 9 su* a way1 z to invite r ?an det]1 ^? :o 7 incl9$ to ent] ^u ^! delightful pursuits4 ,! pla9ness & simplicity ( 8 syllabus1 ! amus+ complexion ( ! ,ph5om5a1 by :i* he illu/rates 8 doctr9es1 & ! facility ) :i* ! "o c be made1 & ! o!r compreh5d$1 af=ds a v useful example to ^? :o may h ! same object h]eaft] 9 view4 ,?is 0 d\btless1 ow+ to 8 long exp]i5ce z a tea*]3 & 8 success 9 t capacity among 8 pupils1 ) ! electrical ma*9e1 & ! air pump1 is full evid5ce ( ! practical utility ( 8 plans ( in/ruction4 ,catalogue ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's small] pamphlets & uncollect$ pap]s on philosophical subjects4 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal4 new s]ies4 ,v4 #a p4 #aha4 ,reply to ,mr4 ,cruik%ank's4 ,ibid #aih4 ,exp]im5ts on ! ,pile ( ,volta4 ,v4 #b p4 #bcc4 ,on ! conv]sion ( iron into /eel4 ,v4 #c p4 #eb4 ,on air f f9]y c9d] & *>coal4 ,v4 #d p4 #fe4 ,f>!r reply to ,mr4 ,cruik%ank's4 ,am]4 ,trans4 ,v4 #d p4 #a4 ,exp]im5ts & obs]vations relat+ to ! analysis ( atmosph]ical air4 ,v4 #d p4 #aa4 ,f>!r exp]im5ts relat+ to ! g5]ation ( air f wat]4 ,ibid p4 #chb4 ,app5dix to ! above articles4 ,ib4 ,vol4 ,v4 p4 #a4 ,exp]im5ts on ! transmission ( acids & o!r liquors 9 ! =m ( vap\rs ov] sev]al sub/ances 9 a hot e>!n tube4 ,republi%$ p4 #ad4 ,exp]im5ts on ! *ange ( place 9 diff]5t k9ds ( air ?r\gh sev]al int]pos+ sub/ances4 #ba4 ,exp]im5ts relat+ to ! absorption ( air by wat]4 #bh4 ,miscellane\s exp]im5ts relat+ to ! doctr9e ( phlogi/on4 toge!r4 #cf4 ,exp]im5ts on ! production ( air by ! freez+ ( wat]4 #db4 ,exp]im5ts on air expos$ to heat 9 metallic tubes4 ,new-,york ,m$4 ,repos4 ,title & ,date4 ,vol4 #a p4 #bba4 ,consid]ations on ! doctr9e ( ,phlog4 & ! ,decomp4 ( wat]4 7,pamphlet7 #agif4 ,ibid p4 #eda4 ,"p #b;d ( d4 7,pamphlet #agig47 ,vol4 #b p4 #dh4 7,pamphlet7 to ,dr4 ,mit*ell4 ,ibid p4 #afc4 7,pamphlet7 on ,r$ ,precipitate ( ,m]cury z fav\rable to ! doctr9e ( ,phlogi/on1 ,july #bj1 #agih4 ,ibid p4 #bfc4 ,exp]im5ts relat+ to ! calces ( metals communicat$ 9 a fif? lett] to ,dr4 ,mit*ell4 ,octob] #aa1 #agih4 7,pamphlet47 ,ibid p4 #bfi4 ,( "s exp]im5ts made ) ivory black & also ) diamonds4 7,pamphlet7 #aa ,octob]1 #agih4 ,ibid p4 #chc4 ,on ! phlogi/ic !ory1 ,janu>y #ag1 #agii4 7,pamphlet47 ,ibid p4 #chh4 ,on ! same subject4 ,febru>y #a1 #agii4 ,vol4 #c p4 #aaf4 ,a reply to 8 antiphlogi/ian oppon5ts1 ,no4 #a4 ,vol4 #d p4 #ag4 ,exp]im5ts on ! production ( air by ! freez+ ( wat]4 ,ibid p4 #ace4 ,exp]im5ts on heat+ ,manganese 9 inflammable air4 ,ibid p4 #bdg4 ,"s obs]vations relat+ to ! s5se ( he>+4 ,vol4 #e p4 #cb4 ,rem>ks on ! "w entitl$ 8,a brief hi/ory ( epidemic & pe/il5tial diseases10 ,may #d1 #ahja4 ,ibid p4 #abe4 ,"s ?\ghts conc]n+ dreams4 ,ibid p4 #bfd4 ,miscellane\s obs]vations relat+ to ! doctr9e ( air1 ,july #cj1 #ahja4 ,ibid p4 #cij4 ,a reply to ,mr4 ,cruik%ank's obs]vations 9 def5ce ( ! new sy/em ( *emi/ry1 #e ,vol4 ,ni*olson's ,j\rnal p4 #a1 c4 ,vol4 #f p4 #bd4 ,rem>ks on ,mr4 ,cruik%ank's exp]im5ts ^u f9]y c9d] & *>coal4 ,ibid p4 #aeh4 ,obs]vations on ! conv]sion ( iron into /eel4 ,ibid p4 #bga4 ,additional rem>ks on ,mr4 ,cruik%ank's exp]im5ts on f9]y c9d] & *>coal1 ,novemb] #ae #ahjb4 ,,app5dix1 ,,no4 #b4 ,( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's ,metaphysical ,writ+s4 ,! pr9cipal s\rce ( objection to ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 ,engl&1 c]ta9ly arose f 8 be+ a diss5t]2 f 8 opposition to ! hi]>*y1 & to ! prepo/]\s alliance1 betwe5 ,*ur* & ,/ate3 an alliance1 by :i* ! contract+ p>ties seem tacitly agre$ to support ! pret5sions ( ea* o!r1 ! "o to keep ! p 9 religi\s1 & ! o!r 9 civil bondage4 ,8 soc9ian doctr9es 9 !ology1 & ! het]odoxy ( 8 metaphysical op9ions1 ?\gh !y add$ mu* to ! popul> outcry rais$ aga9/ him1 7 n less obnoxi\s to ! g5]ality ( ,diss5t]s1 ?an to ! ,cl]gy ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl&4 ,nor is x a slight pro( ( ! integrity ( 8 "*1 & 8 boldness 9 ! pursuit ( tru?1 t he did n hesitate to /ep =w>d ! av[$ advocate ( op9ions1 :i* 8 intimate & mo/ valuable fri5ds1 & ! _m :o look$ up to him z ! ornam5t ( ! diss5t+ int]e/1 reg>d$ ) s5tim5ts ( horror1 z equally de/ructive ( civil society & true religion4 ,! extreme diff]5ce obs]vable betwe5 ! app>5t prop]ties ( animal & inanimate matt]1 easily l$ to ! op9ion ( some?+ m z necess>y to ?\ght1 & ! ph5om5a ( m9d1 ?an m]e juxta position ( ! elem5ts1 :]e( our bodies are compos$4 ,! v anti5t op9ion also ( a /ate ( exi/5ce aft] dea?1 preval5t 9 ! mo/ unciviliz$ z well z enlight5$ /ates ( society1 confirm$ ?is op9ion ( a sep>ate & immortal "p ( ! human sy/em3 = x 0 suffici5tly evid5t1 t no satisfactory hopes ( a futurity aft] dea?1 c\ld be f\nd$ on ! p]i%able basis ( ! human body4 ,x is only ( late days1 & f ! ext5sion ( anatomical & physiological k1 t ! !ory1 & ! facts ( animal organization h be5 at all und]/ood2 & )\t ! conjunction ( physiology ) metaphysics1 ! latt] w\ld h rema9$ to et]nity1 z x has cont9u$ = ages1 a m]e collection ( sophisms1 & a sci5ce ( grammatical quibbl+4 ,! doctr9e ( a future /ate1 & t ( an immat]ial & immortal s\l1 became !re=e mutual supports to ea* o!r2 & h]e9 ! civil p[] will+ly jo9$ 9 aid ( ! dogmas ( metaphysical !ology1 f obs]v+ ! conv5i5ce t might arise 9 ! gov]nm5t ( civil societies1 f inculcat+ a m complete sanction ( rew>ds & puni%m5ts = actions 9 ?is life1 by means ( ! disp5sations 9 a life to come4 ,o!r causes also gave an univ]sal prepond]ance to ! !ory ( ! human s\l4 ,x became1 = ! reasons above m5tion$1 n only a fav\rite doctr9e ) *ur*m5 & /atesm51 b ! self delusions among ! vulg>1 respect+ suppos$ appe>ances aft] dea?1 r5d]$ x also a popul> doctr9e4 ,inde$1 9 e age1 & 9 e c\ntry1 ! prie/hood h f\nd x s p[]ful an eng9e ( influ5ce ov] ! m9ds ( ! p1 & 9 too _m cases1 s1 fruitful a s\rce ( lucrative impo/ure1 t its preval5ce is n to be wond]$ at1 :]ev] artificial !ology has be5 engraft$ on ! simplicity ( true religion1 & support$ by an e/abli%$ cl]gy4 ,( ,pop]y1 :i* yet rema9s ! prevail+ sy/em ( ! *ri/ian _w1 x is d\btless ! corn] /one2 & ev5 "u e =m ( ignorant & idolatr\s wor%ip ?r\gh\t ! globe1 x is ! ma9 s\rce ( p[] & pr(it to t class ( society1 :i* regulates ! religi\s op9ions1 rites & c]emonies ( ! c\ntry4 ,n t ,i w\ld ins9uate1 t ! belief ( a sep>ate s\l1 l "s o!r op9ions t might be m5tion$1 has be5 g5]ally taught by pr(essors :o disbelieve x2 = plausible argum5ts are n want+1 to give x t curr5cy :i* x has s long receiv$ among ! wise/ & ! be/ ( m53 nor t an e/abli%$ prie/hood ( any age or c\ntry1 or ( any religion1 is a m]e comp\nd ( fraud & impo/ure1 = ,i well "k t ! wise & ! good are abundant 9 ?is class ( society1 z well z 9 o!rs4 ,b ev5 su* m5 are liable to ! common infirmities ( human nature2 !y _c be indiff]5t to _! rank 9 society1 or ! means ( _! subsi/5ce2 x is n e college y\?1 t is able or will+ to weigh 8! difficulties & disc\ragem5ts att5d+ ! /udy ( ! ,scriptures10 s =cibly po9t$ out 9 ! melan*oly pamphlet ( ,bi%op ,h>e3 nor is x e pr(essor ( ,*ri/ianity1 :o d\bts ( ! doctr9es he has und]tak5 to tea*1 t has =titude en\gh to foll[ ! noble example ( ,!ophilus ,l9dsey1 & ,john ,disney4 ,h5ce we may take = grant$1 t ^? op9ions w be admitt$ ! mo/ readily1 & en=c$ ! mo/ will+ly1 :i* contribute to ! influ5ce ( t ord]1 :i* ! pr(essors h be5 induc$ by *oice1 or compell$ by necessity1 to w$ = life4 ,*oice inde$1 at lea/ t k9d ( *oice1 :i* dep5ds on a well-gr\nd$ conviction ( ! object *os5 be+ ! means ( sup]ior usefulness1 has little to d 9 ?is bus9ess4 ,= ?\gh ! cl]gy ( ! *ur* ( ,engl& sev]ally decl>e t !y are mov$ by ! ,holy ,gho/ to take ^u !m ! cl]ical "*1 is !re "o among !m 9 ! pres5t day 7,bi%op ,horsely p]haps except$7 :o w\ld v5ture to def5d ?is decl>ation 9 ! s5se orig9ally int5d$8 ,x is a fact notori\s1 t ! c&idates = holy ord]s1 reg>d ! pr(ession ( ,div9ity z !y w\ld t ( ,physic or ,law1 a fair & reputable means ( ga9+ a livelihood1 by p]=m+ ^? duties :i* are consid]$ z necess>y to ! well be+ ( society4 ,x is a fact too1 equally notori\s1 t :]ev] !ological op9ions 7l t ( ! human s\l7 h be5 fit & liable to be made subs]vi5t to ! temporal pr(it or influ5ce ( ! cl]gy1 t use has be5 s made ( !m by ! ambiti\s & design+ "p ( ! pr(ession1 & ! rights ( ! p h be5 encroa*$ ^u1 to s]ve ! int]e/ ( ! ,hi]>*y4 ,nor is x ! e/abli%$ cl]gy alone t "s ( ! prec$+ rem>ks w apply to3 mu* bigotry among ! cl]gy ( ! diss5t+ int]e/1 may fairly be ascrib$ to simil> causes1 ?\gh by no means op]at+ 9 ! same degree4 ,b important z ?is doctr9e is to ! cl]ical ord] 9 political societies1 "s latitude ( d\bt & ev5 ( d5ial1 has be5 conc$$ 9 ,engl& to ! kn[n fri5ds & adh]5ts ( ! e/abli%$ sy/em 9 t c\ntry4 ,?is is ! m to be wond]$ at1 z !y h g5]ally consid]$ a dissonance ( op9ion among _! own ord]1 m fatal to ! common int]e/1 ?an ! attacks ( _! av[$ enemies4 ,?us1 m notice 0 tak5 ( ! ,arian het]odoxy ( ,dr4 ,cl>ke1 ?an ( ! av[$ infidelity ( ,coll9s1 ,t9dal1 ,tol&1 ,c[>d1 & o!r writ]s ( t class1 :o publi%$ ab\t ! same p]iod4 ,! le>n$ ,mr4 ,h5ry ,dodwell z he is usually call$1 & :o is a pregnant in/ance t le>n+ does n always p]suade good s5se to inhabit ! same abode1 took great pa9s to %ew t ! s\l 0 naturally mortal1 b might be immortaliz$ by ^? :o _h ! gift ( conf]r+ on x ?is preci\s attribute4 ,?is p[] he ascrib$ to ! ,bi%ops4 ,dodwell1 ?\gh he w\ld n at fir/ jo9 ! e/abli%m5t1 *ang$ 8 op9ion & 8 conduct 9 ?is respect aft]w>d4 ,bi%op ,%]lock d5i$ t ! exi/5ce ( ! s\l c\ld be made evid5t f ! light ( nature4 7,disc4 #b p4 #hf4 disc4 #c p4 #aad7 ,( ! same op9ion 0 ,dr4 ,law :o quotes him4 ,ar*bi%op ,tillotson decl>es 7v4 #ab s]m4 #b47 t he _c f9d ! doctr9e ( ! immortality ( ! s\l expressly deliv]$ 9 scripture4 ,dr4 ,w>burton wrote 8 8,div9e legation0 to prove t ,moses & ! ,jews nei!r believ$ 91 nor knew ( a future /ate4 ,dr4 ,law1 aft]w>d ,bi%op ( ,c>lisle1 9 ! app5dix to ! ?ird edition ( 8 8,consid]ations on ! !ory ( religion10 compleatly ov]?r[s ! :ole doctr9e ( a sep>ate s\l z f\nd$ on ! scripture1 by a critical exam9ation ( e text usually adduc$ 9 its support4 ,dr4 ,watson ! pres5t ,bi%op ( ,l&aff 9 ! preface to 8 collection ( !ological tracts d$icat$ to "y div9es = ^: use x 0 compil$1 expressly decl>es t ! "q respect+ ! mat]iality or immat]iality ( ! human s\l1 ranks among ^? subjects on :i* ! academicorum may be admitt$1 )\t injur+ ! f\ndations ( religion4 ,x %\ld seem !re=e1 t x is n het]odoxy 9 m]e speculative po9ts ( !ology1 t con/itutes ! s9 aga9/ ! holy ,gho/ ) an e/abli%$ cl]gy1 b het]odoxy on ! subject ( *ur* au?ority & ! gr& alliance4 ,x is 9 ?is _s t ! !n ,ar*deacon ( ,/4 ,albans1 ,dr4 ,horsely compla9s ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's hi/ory ( ! corruptions ( *ri/ianity4 8,y w easily conjecture 7says ! ,ar*deacon 9 8 animadv]sions on t "w p4 #e7 :at has l$ me to ^! reflections1 is ! extraord9>y attempt :i* has lately be5 made to unsettle ! fai? & break up ! con/itution ( e ecclesia/ical e/abli%m5t 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,su* is ! av[$ object ( a rec5t publication :i* be>s ! title ( a hi/ory ( ! corruptions ( *ri/ianity1 among :i* ! ca?olic doctr9e ( ! tr9ity holds a pr9cipal place40 ,?is is an un=tunate exposure ( ! clov5 foot ( ,hi]>*y4 ,x 0 n ! wi% to detect error or to e/abli% tru?--x 0 n f anxiety to fix ^u a firm foot+1 "s great & lead+ pr9ciple ( *ri/ianity--x 0 n ! b5evol5t design ( communicat+ useful in=mation on a litigat$ topic ( speculative !ology--x 0 n ! meek & g5tle _s ( s9c]e & pati5t enquiry t dictat$ ^? animadv]sions--all ^! motives w\ld n only h borne ) pati5ce1 b w\ld h welcom$ & exult$ 9 a temp]ate discussion ( unsettl$ op9ions1 be=e ! tribunal ( ! public2 = by su* discussions alone1 c ! cause ( tru? be p]man5tly & ess5tially promot$4 ,no3 ^! 7 n ! motives t influ5c$ ! ,ar*deacon ( ,/4 ,albans4 ,x 0 ! nef>i\s & unp>donable attempt to unsettle ! fai? ( e/abli%$ cre$s2 h[ev] f\nd$ t fai? might be1 on ignorance or prejudice1 on p>donable misappreh5sion1 or culpable misrepres5tation1 on fallacy1 on falsehood1 or on fraud4 ,^! 8,animadv]sions10 proce$$ f ! morbid irritability ( an expectant ecclesia/ic2 f a prud5t & a presci5t indulg5ce ( ! esprit de corps2 f a dread too p]haps1 le/ ! tott]+ /ructure ( *ur* e/abli%m5t1 ) all its envi$ accompanim5ts ( sees & b5efices1 ( deaconries & ar*deaconries1 & canonries1 & preb5d>ies1 & all ! pomp & pride ( artificial rank1 & all ! pleasures ( temporal au?ority1 & lucrative s9ecure connect$ ) x1 might be too rudely %ak5 by sect>ian attacks4 ,b en\gh = ! pres5t1 respect+ ^! le>n$ lab\rs ( ! ,ar*deacon ( ,/4 ,albans2 :i* l ^? ( ,ar*deacon ,travis may well be consid]$ z hav+ suffici5tly answ]$ ! ma9 purpose ( _! respective au?ors1 9 spite ( ! wick$ replies ( ,prie/ley & ,porson4 ,let u say ) ! public1 requiescant 9 pace4 ,to return h[ev] to ! m imm$iate subject ( ! pres5t section4 ,hobbes seems to h be5 ! fir/ writ] ( repute 79 ,engl& at lea/7 :o d5i$ ! doctr9e ( an immat]ial & naturally immortal s\l4 ,?is 0 a necess>y consequ5ce ( 8 fai? be+ app>5tly conf9$ to corporeal exi/5ce1 an op9ion d$ucible 9 fact f ! old maxim ( ! anti5ts & ( ! s*ools1 nil unquam fuit 9 ,intellectu1 quod non prius erat 9 ,s5su4 ,hobbes's ,levia?an 0 publi%$ ab\t #afej or #afea4 ,sp9osa :o publi%$ aft] ,hobbes 0 r an ,a!i/ ?an a ,mat]iali/1 a "* to :i* ?\gh ,hobbes's op9ions might lead1 he does n assume4 ,9 #afgh ,bl\nt s5t =w>d to ! public 8 8,anima ,mundi01 or an hi/orical n>ration ( ! 8op9ions ( ! anti5ts conc]n+ man's s\l aft] ?is life accord+ to un5light5$ nature10 :i* met ) mu* opposition & "s p]secution2 z 0 likely1 = x is by no means de/itute ( m]it4 ,9 #agjb appe>$ a book entitl$ 8second ?\ghts conc]n+ ! human s\l1 demon/rat+ ! notion ( a human s\l z believ$ to be a spiritual & immortal sub/ance unit$ to a human1 to be an inv5tion ( ! hea!ns & n consonant to ! pr9ciples ( philosophy1 reason1 or religion by ,e4 ,p4 or ,e/ibius ,philale!s40 ,! ye> foll[+ a supplem5t 0 publi%$ entitl$ 8,f>!r ,?\ghts1 c40 ,! au?or1 ,dr4 ,c[>d1 preoccupies a pa? subsequ5tly tak5 by ,dr4 ,law & ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 & endeav\rs to %ew at l5g? t ! notion ( an immat]ial1 immortal s\l1 is n c\nt5anc$ by ! texts ( scripture usually adduc$ 9 fav\r ( t op9ion4 ,^! texts he criticises individually ) a ref]5ce to ! orig9al words us$4 ,! au?or appe>s 9 ! "* ( a s9c]e ,*ri/ian4 ,a second edition ( ?is book 0 publi%$ #agjd4 ,9 #agjf ,mr4 ,dodwell be=e m5tion$1 a le>n$ & labori\s b weak man1 & bigott$ to ! hi]>*y1 publi%$ 8 8,epi/ol>y disc\rse prov+ f ! scriptures & ! fir/ fa!rs t ! s\l is a pr9ciple naturally mortal1 b immortaliz$ actually by ! pleasure ( ,god1 to puni%m5t or rew>d2 by its union ) ! div9e baptismal _s4 ,:]e9 is prov$ t none h ! p[] ( giv+ ?is div9e immortaliz+ _s s9ce ! apo/les1 b only ! bi%ops40 ,?is gave rise to ! controv]sy betwe5 ,cl>ke & ,coll9s on ! immortality ( ! s\l4 ,dodwell's book 0 attack$ by ,*i%ull1 ,norris & ,cl>ke4 ,he repli$ 9 ?ree sev]al publications1 #a/4 8,a prelim9>y def5ce ( ! epi/ol>y disc\rse conc]n+ ! di/9ction betwe5 s\l & _s1 #agjg4 #bnd4 ,! scripture acc\nt ( ! et]nal rew>ds or puni%m5ts ( all t he> ( ! gospel1 )\t an immortality necess>ily result+ f ! nature ( s\ls !mselves t are conc]n$ 9 ^? rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 #agjc4 #c;d4 ,! natural mortality ( human s\ls cle>ly demon/rat$ f ! holy scriptures & ! concurr5t te/imonies ( ! primitive writ]s40 #agjh4 ,ab\t ?is "t ,tol& 9 8 lett]s to ,s]5a1 7#agjd7 gives an 8,essay on ! hi/ory ( ! s\l's immortality among ! ,hea!ns10 d$uc+ t doctr9e f popul> traditions support$ by poetical fictions1 & at l5g? adopt$ & def5d$ among ! philosoph]s4 ,conclud+ f h5ce1 7preface7 t div9e au?ority 0 ! sure/ an*or ( our hope & ! be/ if n ! only demon/ration ( ! s\l's immortality2 an indirect d5ial ( ! :ole doctr9e z com+ f ,tol&1 :o 0 c]ta9ly no fri5d to *ri/ianity & no believ] 9 ! div9e au?ority ( ! scriptures4 ,9 ! same ye> 7#agjd7 b some:at previ\s to ,tol&1 ,dr4 ,c[>d _h publi%$ 8 8,gr& ,essay1 or a v9dication ( reason & religion aga9/ impo/ures ( philosophy2 prov+ accord+ to ^? ideas & conceptions ( ?+s human und]/&+ is capable ( =m+ itself4 #a/4 ,t ! exi/5ce ( an immat]ial sub/ance is a philosophic impo/ure & impossible to be conceiv$4 #bndly ,t all matt] has orig9ally creat$ 9 x1 a pr9ciple ( int]nal or self motion4 #crdly ,t matt] & motion mu/ be ! f\ndation ( ?\ght 9 m5 & brutes40 ,dodwell & ,tol& _h le>n+ en\gh & s _h ,bl\nt to ?r[ "s light on ! hi/ory ( ?is "q1 & ! au?or ( second ?\ghts has _m obs]vations well adapt$ to ! "q he discusses1 b v little is to be ga9$ f a p]usal ( ,c[>d's book4 ,dr4 ,h>tley's great "w1 7great1 n f ! bulk1 b ! importance ( x7 0 fir/ publi%$ 9 #agdi4 ,! direct & manife/ t5d5cy ( ! :ole ( 8 fir/ volume is to de/roy ! common hypo!sis ( an immat]ial s\l3 & ?is he does ) a mass ( fact & a =ce ( reason+ irresi/ible4 ,he %ews cle>ly h[ all ! faculties ascrib$ to ! s\l1 ?\ght1 reflection1 judgem5t1 memory1 & all ! passions selfi% & b5evol5t1 may be resolv$ into "o simple und5iable law ( animal organization1 )\t ! necessity ( any hypo!sis su* z t ( a sep>ate s\l4 ,yet he does n appe> di/9ctly to h se5 ! full weight & t5d5cy ( 8 own reason+1 & he adopts a !ory on ! subject1 load$ ) m difficulties & absurdities1 ?an ev5 ! common hypo!sis4 ,9 #ageg 0 publi%$ a philosophical & scriptural inquiry into ! nature & con/itution 8( mank9d consid]$ only z rational be+s1 :]e9 ! anti5t op9ion ass]t+ ! human s\l to be an immat]ial1 immortal & ?9k+ sub/ance is f\nd to be q false & errone\s1 & ! true nature /ate & mann] ( exi/5ce ( ! p[] ( ?9k+ 9 mank9d is evid5tly demon/rat$ by reason & ! sacr$ scriptures40 ,au?or ,j4 ,r4 ,m4 ,i4 ,:o ?is au?or really 0 ,i "k n4 ,b f ! p]usal ( 8 book x is probable t he 0 a physician1 & _h be5 travell+4 ,! above "w he t]ms ! philosophic or fir/ "p1 & ref]s to a long] "w ( 8 own 9 manuscript :i* x seems he c\ld n procure to be publi%$4 ,!re is v little new 9 ! book s f> z ,i c\ld judge4 ,i d n recollect any o!r treatise relat+ to ! subject t excit$ public att5tion 9 ,engl&4 ,9 ,france & ,holl& ,la ,mettrie began ! controv]sy by 8 ,hi/oire naturelle de ,l',ame1 publi%$ at ! ,hague 9 #agde z a translation f ! ,engli% ( ,mr4 ,*>p2#ff x is a book conta9+ _m =cible rem>ks1 & did cr$it to ! side ( ! "q :i* ,la ,mettrie _h adopt$4 ,soon aft] ?is ,la ,mettrie publi%$ ,l',homme ma*9e :i* 0 burnt 9 ,holl& 9 #agdh4 ,?is 0 an hon\r n due to ! =midable "* ( ! "w itself1 :i* ?\gh x conta9s "s ( ! common argum5ts drawn f ! physiology & pa?ology ( ! human sy/em1 is by no means ( fir/ rate m]it4 ,he :imsically attributes ! fi]c5ess ( ! ,engli%1 to _! eat+ _! meat m raw ?an o!r nations4 ,?is book 0 translat$ & publi%$ 9 ,london 9 #agej4 #ff ,?is is probably "o ( ! innum]able in/ances ( ! c>elessness ( ,fr5* au?ors 9 quot+ ,engli% names4 ,la ,mettrie mo/ likely meant to ascribe ?is to ,mr4 ,%>p ! ,surgeon1 ) ^: reputation he mu/ h be5 acqua9t$4 ,i rememb] ,ar?ur ,"y ,esq4 9 "o ( 8 annals ( agriculture compla9s t a pap] ( 8 translat$ into ,fr5* 0 giv5 to ,artor ,jionge ecui]4 ,"s ye>s ago ,mr4 ,*>les ,taylor ( ,man*e/] 7lately secret>y to ! society ( ,arts 9 ,london7 0 reque/$ by ,"l ,hawkesbury to make "s exp]im5ts to asc]ta9 ! value ( ,ea/ ,india ,indigo :5 comp>$ ) ! ,spani%4 ,mr4 ,taylor did asc]ta9 t ! =m] yield$ m col\r = ! same money at ! curr5t prices ?an ! latt] by above "o f\r?4 ,9 a pap] ,i believe by ,m4 ,d',ijonval ^! exp]im5ts are quot$ 9 a note z made by ,le ,*evali] ,*>les ,tadkos celebre manufacturi] de ,man*e/]4 ,f ,mr4 ,hallet's discov]ies ! la/ volume ( :i* 0 publi%$ 9 #agcf ,dr4 ,prie/ley has extract$ = himself & quot$ :at he deem$ necess>y on ?is "q4 ,i d n notice z "p ( ! hi/ory ( ! "q ,mat]ialism 9 ,engl&1 ! =eign a!i/ical publications1 su* z ,le ,sy/eme de la nature attribut$ to ,mirabeau ! fa!r1 ,le vrai s5s du ,sy/eme de l'univ]s a po/hum\s "w ascrib$ to ,helvetius1 ,le ,bon ,s5s by ,mesli]1 & o!rs ^: titles d n n[ occur to me1 because until )9 ^! few ye>s1 !y 7 h>dly kn[n 9 ,engl&1 & excit$ no discussion ( ! subject !re1 previ\s to ! "w ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley n[ "u consid]ation4 ,! ,doctor himself says 9 8 preface to ! disquisitions on matt] & _s1 fir/ publi%$ 9 #aggg1 t ?\gh he _h ent]ta9$ occasional d\bts on ! intimate union ( two sub/ances1 s entirely het]og5e\s z ! ,s\l & ! ,body1 ! objections to ! common hypo!sis1 did n impressively occur to him1 until ! publication ( 8 treatise aga9/ ! ,scot* ,doctors1 :i* 0 9 #aggd4 ,^? d\bts inde$ c\ld h>dly avoid occurr+ to any p]son :o _h c>efully p]us$ ,h>tley's ,essay on ,man1 fir/ publi%$ 9 #agdi1 & ,dr4 ,law's app5dix be=e m5tion$ 9 #agee4 ,dr4 ,h>tley has %ewn ) a weight ( fact & argum5t am\nt+ to demon/ration1 t all ! ph5om5a ( m9d1 may be acc\nt$ = f ! kn[n prop]ties & laws ( animal organization2 & not)/&+1 t = "s reason or o!r he has s f> accommodat$ 8 "w to vulg> prejudice1 z to adopt ! !ory ( a sep>ate ,s\l1 ?\gh 9 a v objectionable =m1 x is evid5tly a clog ^u 8 sy/em1 & unnecess>y to any "p ( 8 reason+4 ,sub/itute ,,p]ception1 & 8 !ory is compleat4 ,nor inde$ is x possible to reject ?is4 ,con/ant concomitance is ! sole f\ndation on :i* we build out2 inf]5ce ( necess>y connection3 we h no evid5ce ( ! latt]1 b ! =m]4 ,p]ception manife/ly arises f1 & accompanies animal organization2 ! facts are ( p]petual occurr5ce1 & ! pro( f induction is compleat4 ,h>tley hav+ laid a suffici5t f\ndation to conclude 7z ,dr4 ,prie/ley has done7 t ! natural appe>ances ( ! human sy/em might be fully expla9$ by means ( ,p]ception & ,association1 )\t ! r$undant introduction ( ! common hypo!sis1 ,dr4 ,law a few ye>s aft]w>d compleatly prov$ to ! *ri/ian _w t ?\gh ,life & ,immortality 7 br\ght to light by ! *ri/ian disp5sation1 ! common !ory ( a sep>ate immat]ial & immortal s\l1 0 n necess>y to1 or c\nt5anc$ by ! *ri/ian doctr9e4 ,dr4 ,law seems by 8 preface1 to h be5 fe>ful ( ! consequ5ces ( express+ ! :ole ( 8 op9ion on ?is ab/ruse subject1 & conf9es himself 9 8 app5dix to ! exam9ation ( ! passages ( ,scripture usually ref]r$ to 9 fav\r ( ! ,s\l's immortality4 ,?is app5dix ,i believe 0 fir/ add$ to ! ?ird edition ( 8 ,consid]ations on ! ,!ory ( ,religion1 publi%$ 9 #agee4 ,aga9/ ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 any gr\nd ( popul> obloquy w\ld be eag]ly laid hold ( by ! ,bigots ( ! day4 ,! d\bts express$ 9 ! exam9ation ( ,drs4 ,reid1 ,oswald1 & ,beattie1 excit$ s mu* obloquy1 z to r5d] x necess>y = ,dr4 ,prie/ley to review 8 op9ions1 & r5\nce or def5d !m4 ,! result 01 ! disquisition on matt] & _s1 ! fir/ volume conta9+ a discussion ( ! "q ( mat]ialism1 ! second t ( lib]ty & necessity4 ,9 discuss+ ! =m] hypo!sis1 ,dr4 ,prie/ley d5ies n only ! exi/5ce ( _s z hav+ no relation to ext5sion or space1 b also ! common def9ition ( matt]1 z a sub/ance possess+ only ! in]t prop]ties ( ext5sion1 & solidity or imp5etrability4 ,! latt] he def9es 9 con=mity ) ! m accurate obs]vations ( lat] physics1 a sub/ance possess+ ! prop]ty ( ext5sion & ! active p[]s ( attraction & repulsion4 ,) ,boscovi* & ,mr4 ,mi*ell1 he admits ( ! p5etrability ( matt]1 & replies to ! objections t may be drawn f ?is view ( ! subject4 ,x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t highly curi\s z ?is prelim9>y disquisition is1 x is n only unnecess>y to ! ma9 argum5t1 b leaves ! def9ition ( matt] op5 to ! "q :e!r !re be any sub/ratum or subject 9 :i* ! ess5tial prop]ties or p[]s ( attract+ & repell+ inh]e4 ,t ^! p[]s really belong to matt]1 :atev] else matt] may be1 is evid5t f ! reflection ( light1 previ\s to contact ) ! reflect+ sub/ance & its inflection aft]w>d f ! electric sp>k1 visible along a susp5d$ *a91 f ! ph5om5a ( ! metallic pyromet]s1 f ! ra9 drop on a cabbage leaf1 c4 ,& t matt] is p]meable1 at lea/ to light1 is suffici5tly evid5t f e case ( tranp>5cy4 ,/ill h[ev] x _c consi/ ( prop]ties alone2 a prop]ty mu/ be ! prop]ty ( some?+4 ,b ! prop] & direct tra9 ( argum5t 9 fav\r ( mat]ialism is1 t e ph5om5on f :i* ! notion ( a s\l is d$uc$1 is resolveable into "s affection ( ! bra91 p]ceiv$4 ,t all ?\ght1 reflection1 *oice1 judgm5t1 memory1 ! passions & affections1 c4 consi/ only ( ideas or s5sations17i4 e4 motions )9 t organ7 p]ceiv$ at ! "t4 ,?\gh1 judgm5t1 memory1 be+ words1 d5ot+ diff]5t k9ds ( int]nal p]ceptions1 relat+ only to1 & consi/+ (1 ideas & s5sations4#fg ,t s5sations & ideas !mselves1 arise only 9 consequ5ce ( ! impressions ( ext]nal objects on our s5ses1 :i* impressions are liable to be recall$ aft]w>d by ! recurr5ce ( o!rs ) :i* !y 7 orig9ally associat$1 agreeably to ! necess>y & inevitable law ( ! animal sy/em4 ,t ?is is evid5t 9 z mu* z !re c be no ideas peculi> to any ( ! s5ses :]e !re is a want ( ! necess>y bodily organ1 z ( he>+1 sight1 c4 inasmu* z all ^! ideas comm5ce ) ! body1 gr[ ) its gr[?1 & decrease ) its decl9e4 ,t !y c be susp5d$1 alt]$1 de/roy$1 by artificial means1 by accid5t1 by disease4 ,t all ^! prop]ties ( m9d1 viz4 ?\ght1 judgm5t1 memory1 passions1 & affections1 are z evid5t 9 brutes z 9 m52 & ?\gh ! degree be diff]5t1 x is always accompani$ ) a proportionate diff]5ce ( organization4 ,t p]ception is cle>ly ! result ( organization1 be+ always f\nd ) x1 & nev] )\t x3 z cle>ly s 9 o!r animals z 9 ! human species2 & probably 9 vegetables ?\gh 9 a /ill l[] degree4#fh ,t z all ! common ph5om5a ( m9d1 c be acc\nt$ = f ! kn[n facts ( organiz$ matt] )\t ! s\ls1 & z none ( !m c possibly be attribut$ to ! s\l )\t ! body1 !re is no necessity to recur to any gratuit\s !ory 9 addition to ! visible corporeal frame4 ,t ! doctr9e ( ! s\l orig9at$ 9 ignorance1 & has be5 support$ by impo/ure2 t x involves gross contradictions & insup]able difficulties1 & is no m c\nt5anc$ by true religion ?an by true philosophy4 #fg ,a ,s5sation is an impression made by "s ext]nal object on ! ,s5ses2 ! motion ?us excit$ is propagat$ along ! appropriate n]ve1 until x rea*es ! ,s5sory 9 ! ,bra91 & x is !re & !re only1 felt or p]ceiv$4 ,an ,idea1 is a motion 9 ! ,bra91 excit$ !re ei!r by ! laws ( association to :i* t organ is subject1 or by "s accid5tal /ate ( ! sy/em 9 g5]al1 or t organ 9 p>ticul>1 )\t ! int]v5tion ( an impression on ! ,s5ses ab extra z ! cause ( x4 ,su* a motion be+ simil> to a s5sation =m]ly excit$1 & be+ also felt or p]ceiv$ is ! correspond5t ,idea4 #fh ,dr4 ,p]cival1 ,dr4 ,bell 9 ! ,man*e/] ,transactions1 & ,dr4 ,watson 9 ! la/ volume ( 8 essays1 h made ?is op9ion highly probable4 ,_m additional obs]vations are to be f\nd 9 ,dr4 ,d>w9's works4 ,i consid] x z a !ory e/abli%$4 ,all ?is has be5 %ewn ) great =ce ( argum5t & +5uity by ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 ^! disquisitions1 to :i* x may safely be affirm$ no?+ l a satisfactory answ] has yet be5 giv51 or is ev] likely to be giv54 ,true metaphysics1 l e o!r bran* ( philosophy c only be f\nd$ on an accurate obs]vation ( facts1 & z ^! become gradually sub/itut$ = m]e names1 our real k w improve4 ,x is to physiology p]haps t ! "q ( ! mat]iality ( ! human s\l1 & ev5 t ( lib]ty & necessity w owe ! compleate/ elucidation4 ,until m$ical writ]s br\ght into view ! facts relat+ to animal life1 ! metaphysical disquisitions on ^! subjects 7 involv$ 9 an endless confusion ( words )\t precise mean+1 & almo/ always includ+ 9 _! def9ition a petitio pr9cipii4 ,inde$ we are n yet fully appriz$ ei!r 9 ,law1 ,physic or ,div9ity any m ?an 9 ,metaphysics1 t ! species intelligibiles ( ! old s*oolm51 & ! :ole class ( ab/ract ideas ( ! new s*oolm5 ) ,locke at _! head1 are n ?+s1 b names4 ,!y are n ev5 ei!r s5sations or ideas2 !y are words1 conv5i5t inde$ = classification1 & us$ artificially l ! signs ( ,algebra1 b !y h no ar*etype4 ,?is is a subject :i* w probably be bett] und]/ood ere long by ! lab\rs ( ,mr4 ,horne ,tooke4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley !re=e consid]$ ! "q ( a future /ate1 z n[ re/$ on ! basis :i* to a *ri/ian is or ought to be p]fectly satisfactory2 on ! promises & decl>ations ( our ,savi\r1 exemplifi$ by 8 own resurrection f ! dead4 ,inde$ ! circum/ances ( ! :ole "q ( futurity dep5d+ on ! tru? ( ! *ri/ian scriptures & on !m alone1 is calculat$ to give !m a peculi> & ine/imable value 9 ! eyes ( ^? :o look =w>d ) anxi\s hope#fi to a cont9u$ & m p]fect /ate ( exi/5ce aft] dea?4 ,nor is x ( any consequ5ce to ! *ri/ian1 t ! mann] h[ ?is w be effect$ is n pla9ly reveal$2 = x is suffici5t t ! ,be+ :o fir/ gave animation to ! human frame1 w at 8 own "t & 9 8 own mann] = ! wise/ & be/ ( purposes1 aga9 ex]t ! same act ( almighty p[] 9 fav\r ( ! human race1 & 9 fulfillm5t ( 8 promise ?r\gh ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,su* at lea/ 0 ! view ( ! subject habitually ent]ta9$ by our au?or4 #fi ,!re are "s p]sons :o d n seem to ent]ta9 ?is anxi\s hope4 ,mr4 ,gray ! poet seems an in/ance1 f ! foll[+ passage 9 8 ode ,b>b>as des aditure mecum 7,lett]s ,v4 #b p4 #dd7 ?\gh ,i d n recollect t ! s5tim5t has be5 notic$ be=e4 ,oh ego felix1 vice si 7nec unquam ,surg]em rursus7 simili cad5tem ,p>ca me l5is s9]et quieto ,fall]e ,le?o4 ,multa flagranti radiisque c9cto ,integris1 ah quam nihil invid]em1 ,cum ,dei ard5tes m$ius quadrigas ,s5tit ,olympus6 ,i wond] :e!r ,gray ev] p]us$ ! foll[+ l9es writt5 by 8 fri5d & ,biograph] ! ,revd3 ,mr4 ,mason4 #8,is ?is ! ,bigot's rant8 ,away ye va96' ,y\r hopes y\r fe>s1 9 d\bt1 9 dulness /eep6 ,g soo? y\r s\ls 9 sickness1 grief1 or pa91 ,) ! sad solace (1 et]nal sleep4 ,yet "k ye ,sceptics1 "k1 ! ,almighty m9d ,:o brea?'d on man a portion ( 8 fire1 ,bad 8 free s\l by e>? nor "t conf9'd ,to heav'n1 to immortality aspire4 ,nor %all ! pile ( hope 8 m]cy re>'d1 ,by va9 philosophy be e'er de/roy'd2 ,et]nity6 by all or wi%'d or fe>'d1 ,%all be by all1 or suff]'d or enjoy'd4 ,mason4 ,x is /ill m s+ul> t ,dr4 ,beattie ) all 8 pr(essions ( *ri/ianity1 %\ld n h be5 aw>e ( ! a!i/ical complexion ( ! foll[+ passage 9 8 8,h]mit40 ,nor yet = ! ravage ( w9t] ,i m\rn1 ,k9d nature ! embryo blossom %all save2 ,b :5 %all spr+ visit ! m\ld]+ urn6 ,oh1 :5 %all x dawn on ! night ( ! grave6 ,inde$1 ! natural evid5ces ( a future /ate 7 nev] conceiv$ by any reasonable def5d] ( ! doctr9e1 to be ( !mselves satisfactory & conclusive4#gj ,!y 7 nev] deem$ ( m value ?an to produce a probable expectation ( a /ate ( future rew>ds & puni%m5ts1 & !y are c]ta9ly contradict$ by ! kn[n facts relat+ to ! orig91 ! gr[?1 & decl9e ( ! human faculties4 ,bi%op ,porteus has collect$ ^! argum5ts1 & /at$ !m ) z mu* =ce z 8 mod]ate abilities w\ld p]mit2 b by f> ! be/ summ>y ( :at has be5 urg$ on ?is z well z on almo/ e important "q ( morals & metaphysics1 w be f\nd 9 ,mr4 ,bel%am's ,elem5ts ( ! ,philosophy ( ,m9d4 ,an excell5t comp5dium1 by a g5tleman1 to :om next to ,mr4 ,l9dsey1 ,dr4 ,prie/ley appe>s to h be5 m atta*$ ?an to any o!r4 #gj ,dr4 ,prie/ley 9 8 obs]vations on ! increase ( infidelity publi%$ at ,nor?umb]l&1 has a passage :i* w\ld seem to intimate t a future /ate might be cle>ly made out by ! light ( nature 7p4 #ei1 #fj7 b ?is is c]ta9ly inadv]t5cy1 & by no means con=mable to 8 con/ant1 delib]ate1 s5tim5ts on t subject z express$ p>ticul>ly 9 8 ,in/itutes4 ,! ,,second "p ( ! ,disquisitions on ,matt] & ,_s1 conta9s a discussion ( ! long conte/$ & confus$ "q ( ,lib]ty & ,necessity4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley is "r 9 8 op9ion t ?is "q 0 n und]/ood by ! anci5ts1 nor p]haps be=e ! "t ( ,hobbes3 ,long ago x appe>$ to me1 t ! only writ] among ! s*oolm5 :o _h t\*$ ^u x1 0 ,bradw>d9e 9 8 ,book ,de caus ,dei1 :i* ,i regret t ,i h no opportunity ( consult+ "h4 ,_m ( 8 obs]vations are extract$ by ,toplady 9 8 treatise on ,lib]ty & ,necessity1 & 9 8 life ( ,zan*ius2 b ,toplady l ,edw>ds1 did n completely und]/& ! "q2 !y connect$ ! doctr9e ( necessity ) all ! bigotry ( ,calv9ism4 ,hobbes 9 8 ,levia?an1 & 9 8 reply to ,bramhall on lib]ty & necessity 9 8 ,tripos1 fir/ truly /at$ ! subject1 & %ew$ t ! "q 01 n :e!r we c d :at we w1 b :e!r ! w itself1 7i4 e4 *oice1 pref]5ce1 incl9ation1 desire1 av]sion17 is n inevitably det]m9$ by motives n 9 ! p[] or contr\l ( ! ag5t4 ,h>tley's book1 h[ev]1 %ews1 or r leads to ! conclusion1 t ^! motives are tw(old1 ab extra & ab intra4 ,! action dep5d+ on ! comp\nd =ce ( ! motives ab extra1 & ! physical /ate ( ! animal organs at ! mom5t4 ,= ! latt] is frequ5tly ( itself an imm$iate cause ( volunt>y action4 ,b previ\s to ,dr4 ,h>tley's great "w1 ! "q ( lib]ty & necessity _h be5 discuss$ betwe5 ,coll9s & ,cl>k1 & ,cl>k & ,leibnitz4#ga ,coll9s's ,philosophical inquiry into human lib]ty1 fir/ publi%$ 9 #agae 0 ! only book on ! subject wor? read+ betwe5 ! times ( ,hobbes & ,h>tley1 & a ma/]ly & decisive "w x is4 ,?is appe>s to h be5 translat$ & repeat$ly pr9t$ on ! cont95t2 ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 :o republi%$ x 9 ,london1 m5tion+ a second edition 9 #agef at ,p>is1 & a ?ird edition :5 he 0 !re 9 #aggd4 ,! controv]sy 0 kept alive 9 ,coll9s's life "t by ,leibnitz2 b he l ,dr4 ,edw>ds :o aft]w>ds wrote 9 def5ce ( ! same side ( ! "q 9 8 treatise on ,free w1 0 too mu* giv5 to exp& 8 ideas1 & obscure ! s5se by ! multiplicity ( words :i* he us$ to express x4 ,! lett]s ( ,!odice conta9 _m passages well conceiv$1 b ! book is insupportably t$i\s4 ,hobbes c\ld cond5se m argum5t & in=mation 9 a page1 ?an w\ld s]ve ,leibnitz = a volume4 #ga ,i d n f9d t ! controv]sy ab\t ! ,s\l occasion$ by ! publications ( ,bl\nt1 ,c[>d1 ,dodwell1 c4 involv$ ! "q ( ,lib]ty & ,necessity1 ?\gh !y t\* s ne>ly4 ,x escap$ me a few pages back1 t ,dr4 ,c[>d1 0 also ! au?or ( 8,second ,?\ghts conc]n+ ! human ,s\l40 7,e/ibius ,psycale!s7 z well z ( ! ,gr& ,essay4 ,to ?is treatise ( ,coll9s1 pla9ly & popul>ly writt51 no suffici5t answ] 0 or c\ld be giv54 ,x mu/ h satisfi$ ! m9d ( e read] capable ( und]/&+ ! "q1 ?\gh x omitt$ to notice _m objections :i* 7 aft]w>ds tak5 up & fully answ]$ by ,dr4 ,prie/ley4 ,coll9s 9 8 preface takes pa9s to h x und]/ood t he writes 9 def5ce ( moral necessity only1 & n ( physical necessity4 ,a di/9ction )\t a diff]5ce1 ?\gh tak5 by all :o h succe$$ him4 ,i d n dwell on ! controv]sy betwe5 ,jackson on ! "o side 9 def5ce ( human lib]ty1 & ,gordon & ,tr5*>d 9 ,cato's lett]s1 because little 0 add$ to ! sum ( k1 on ei!r side4 ,jackson _h le>n+ & indu/ry1 b he did n und]/& ! "q1 & _h no pret5sions to t species ( di/+ui%+ acut5ess1 s necess>y to a good metaphysician4 ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 foll[+ ! enl>g$ & *e]+ views ( ! future happ9ess ( all mank9d1 fir/ connect$ by ,h>tley ) ?is "q1 %ews completely t ! doctr9e "u consid]ation has no?+ to d ) ! /rict calv9i/ic hypo!sis4 ,t x is suffici5tly con=mable to popul> op9ion4 ,t x is ! only practical doctr9e :i* 9 fact is1 or inde$ c be act$ ^u ) respect to ! application ( reason+ & argum5t1 rew>d & puni%m5t4 ,t ! =mation ( "* & disposition1 ! actual inf]5ces we make f1 & ! dep5d5ce we place ^u !m1 re/ entirely on ! tru? ( ?is op9ion4 ,t f ! nature ( cause & effect1 e volition mu/ be ! necess>y result ( previ\s circum/ances4 ,t ! sci5tia cont+5tium1 ! great & insup]able difficulty ( ,god's pret5d$ =ekn[l$ge ( unc]ta9 ev5ts1 c on no o!r hypo!sis be avoid$1 & t ! doctr9e ( necessity is p]fectly consi/5t ) ! great plan ( div9e b5evol5ce1 9 ! pres5t /ate1 & future de/9ation1 ( ! human race4 ,^! subjects call$ =? rem>ks by ,dr4 ,price1 ,mr4 ,palm]1 ,mr4 ,bryant1 ,dr4 ,k5rick1 ,mr4 ,:itehead1 ,dr4 ,horsely & o!rs2 to all ( :om1 answ]s 7 giv5 by ,dr4 ,prie/ley4 ,! controv]sy ) ,dr4 ,price is a pleas+ specim5 ( ! mann] 9 :i* an important subject c be amicably discuss$ betwe5 two fri5ds1 & made int]e/+ too1 by ! mann] z well z ! matt]1 )\t any ?+ ( t 8season+ ( controv]sy0 :i* ,dr4 ,horsely aft]w>d ?\ght s necess>y to keep alive ! public att5tion1 & :i* he /rews ov] 8 polemics ) s unsp>+ a h&4 ,! ,bi%op _h n yet h[ev] adopt$ t /ile ( arrogance by :i* he has s9ce be5 s disgracefully di/+ui%$2 & x is to be regrett$ = ! sake ( 8 own "* z a g5tleman & z a writ]1 t he adopt$ x at all4 ,dr4 ,horsely %\ld recollect1 t ^? :o emulate ! insol5ce ( ,w>burton ought at lea/ to give pro(s ( equal le>n+ & acut5ess2 & t bigotry & intol]ance 9 def5ce ( op9ions :i*1 ?\gh a man may pr(ess to believe1 he c h>dly pr(ess to und]/&1 w d no cr$it to 8 religi\s1 8 moral1 or 8 lit]>y "* 9 ! pres5t /ate ( k4 ,b "* z a writ]1 may be a second>y consid]ation1 to "o :o is det]m9$ to v]ify ! say+1 t godl9ess is great ga94#gb #gb ,dr4 ,horseley's polemic /rictures on ,dr4 ,prie/ley's writ+s1 exhibit a s+ul> comp\nd ( insol5ce & absurdity4 ,b he is cont5t$1 ,i presume1 if he rises 9 ! *ur*1 z he s9ks 9 reputation4 ,"s ( 8 op9ions are truly div]t+4 ,8 !ory ( div9e g5]ation by ! ,fa!r contemplat+ 8 own p]fections1 & 8 grave sugge/ion ( ! ?ree p]sons ( ! ,godhead meet+ toge!r 9 consultation1 /& a fair *ance ( be+ notic$ by "s wick$ wit1 :o may wi% to expose ! infirmities ( or?odoxy real or pret5d$4 ,x has be5 a mis=tune to ?is "q1 t x has seldom be5 treat$ by p]sons :o knew any ?+ ( ! organization or physiology ( ! human frame2 & t x has be5 complicat$ ) all ! prejudice aris+ f ! !ological t5ets ( ^? :o oppos$ ! doctr9e ( necessity4 ,e physician kn[s1 ?\gh metaphysicians "k little ab\t x1 t ! laws :i* gov]n ! animal ma*9e1 are z c]ta9 & inv>iable z ^? :i* guide ! planet>y sy/em1 & are z little )9 ! contr\l ( ! human be+ :o is subject to !m4 ,e s5sation !re=e1 & e idea dep5d5t on1 or result+ f ! /ate ( ! s5sory1 is ! necess>y effect ( ! laws ( organization by :i* t /ate 0 produc$4 ,b we nei!r h nor c h any s5sation or any idea1 b :at is s dep5d5t1 or b :at ?us results2 = we c nei!r feel nor ?9k )\t ! bra94 ,! words we use = ! ,ph5om5a t]m$ m5tal1 are m]e t]ms ( classification & arrangem5t ( ! s5sations & ideas ?us produc$1 & _! comb9ations4 ,h5ce x foll[s1 t all ^! ph5om5a dep5d on ! laws :i* regulate ! animal sy/em1 & are ! necess>y1 inevitable result ( ^? laws4 ,! obscurity :i* has envelop$ ?is "q1 has aris5 f want ( due att5tion to t /ate ( m9d 7or r ( body7 :i* we call1 ! w2 & f ! p[] t animals seem to h ov] ! volunt>y muscles4 ,b e ,physiologi/ kn[s t ! /ate ( ! sy/em :i* calls into action ! volunt>y muscles1 t is1 a /ate ( want1 desire or incl9ation1 :e!r to act or to ab/a91 is ! result ( previ\s circum/ances to :i* ! animal is expos$2 & ! action ( ! volunt>y muscles1 is equally ! result ( necess>y laws1 z ^? ( ! involunt>y4 ,! great object ( t]ror to ! ,div9es 9 ?is "q ab\t ,necessity1 0 ! consequ5ce result+1 t ,god is ! au?or ( ,s94 ,_m & subtile 7 ! di/9ctions made ^u ?is subject by ! necess>ian !ologi/s among ! s*oolm51 & d[n to ! middle ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,ri*>d ,baxt] ! peace-mak]1 9 8 ,*ri/ian ,directory1 8 ,ca?olic ,!ologie & "s o!r works1 has briefly review$ !m all1 & z usual di/+ui%$ ^u !m s acutely1 t :at 0 n q cle> be=e1 he has mo/ effectually obscur$4 ,! prevail+ op9ion1 h[ev]1 seems to h be51 n t ,god p]mitt$ ! s9ful act 7= ! reply 0 unansw]able1 t ,god mu/ be consid]$1 z will+ t :i* he does n prev5t :5 he c17 b t ,god1 9 ! common c\rse ( nature z pre-orda9$ by him1 p]mitt$ ! action itself to come to pass1 b n ! int5tion or quo animo ( ! actor1 9 :i* ! s9 consi/s2 or z ,gale expresses x 9 ! qua9t language ( ! "t1 x is 8,god's pre-det]m9ate concurse to ! entitative act40 ,inde$1 ,i d n see ) ! or?odox notions !n preval5t1 h[ x 0 possible on ! hypo!sis ( ,god's =ekn[+ & pre-orda9+ all t comes to pass1 to avoid consid]+ ,god ,almighty z ! au?or ( ,s92 & to feel repugnance t[>d a sy/em1 :i* makes ! deity inflict et]nal puni%m5t on a creature1 ^: actions he might h contr\l$1 & ^: exi/5ce he c\ld h prev5t$4 ,su* manife/ inju/ice might be view$ )\t horror1 by ! brutal bigotry ( ,calv91 b ! t5ets t drew aft] !m su* a consequ5ce1 c\ld n be adopt$ )\t hesitation & regret1 by any1 b ! mo/ ?or\gh go+1 unfeel+ zealot4 ,orig5's doctr9e ( ,univ]sal ,re/itution1 0 fir/ advanc$ 9 ,engl& 7s f> z ,i "k7 by ,ru/1 ,bi%op ( ,dromore1 & ,j]emy ,:ite1 :o ,i believe _h be5 ,*apla9 to ,cromwell4 ,s9ce t1 ! lab\rs ( ,/oneh\se1 ,petitpi]re1 ,newton1 ,w9*e/]1 ,*auncey & ,simpson1 h furni%$ gr\nd en\gh = u to adopt x z ! doctr9e ( scripture z well z ( common s5se4 ,by connect+ ?is doctr9e ) t ( necessity1 ,dr4 ,h>tley & ,dr4 ,prie/ley h be5 enabl$ to give a full & satisfactory reply to all ! objections t c be drawn f ! !ory ( necessity1 mak+ ,god ! au?or ( ,s94 ,inde$1 unless ,god's =ekn[l$ge be d5i$1 ! same difficulty mu/ occur on ei!r s*eme3 = he has kn[+ly & volunt>ily adopt$ a sy/em1 9 :i* ! exi/5ce ( evil if n necess>y1 is at lea/ und5iable4 ,grant+ ! goodness ( ,god1 x foll[s accord+ to ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 t he has adopt$ t sy/em :i* is mo/ conducive to g5]al1 & individual happ9ess ^u ! :ole2 & t ! moral evil ( :i* = ! be/ purposes he has p]mitt$ human creatures to be guilty1 & ! physical evil1 :i* "h or h]eaft] w be ! inevitable consequ5ce ( t conduct1 are necess>y to produce ! greate/ sum ( good to ! sy/em at l>ge1 & to ea* human be+ individually1 consid]+ ! situation 9 :i* he has be5 necess>ily plac$ 9 respect to ! :ole sy/em4 ,inde$1 moral evil is ( no f>!r consequ5ce ?an z x produces physical evil to ! ag5t1 or to o!rs4 ,& z we see 9 ! sy/em ( inanimate nature1 t g5]al good is ! result ( p>tial & tempor>y evil1 & t ?\gh ! "o foll[s necess>ily f g5]al laws z ! result ( ! o!r1 ! good manife/ly pr$om9ates1 s 9 ! moral sy/em1 we h a "r f analogy to pr$ict1 t good w be ! ultimate result ( ! app>5t evil we obs]ve 9 x3 t we %all be ! wis] = kn[+ :at is to be avoid$2 ! bett] = correct$ dispositions2 & t ! p[]1 & ! wi% to receive & communicate happ9ess1 w be enl>g$ ?r\gh ea* successive /age ( our exi/5ce1 by ! exp]i5ce ( ^? t h prec$$4 ,s at lea/ ?\ght ,dr4 ,prie/ley4 ,leibnitz /ates "s ( ^! ideas ) great =ce 9 ! foll[+ passage1 :i* ,i am tempt$ to transcribe entire f 8 ,essais de ,!odice2 sur la ,bont de ,dieu1 la lib]t de l'homme1 et l'orig9e du mal1 fir/ publi%$ 9 #agaj4 7,prem4 p>tie ,sec4 #g1 #h1 #i47gc #gc ,dieu e/ la premi]e ,raison des *oses3 c> celles qui sont bornes1 comme t\t ce que n\s voyons et exp]im5tons1 sont cont+5tes1 n'ont ri5 en elles qui r5de leur exi/5ce necessaire2 tant manife/e que le tems1 l'espace la matire unies uni=mes en elles-mmes1 indiff]5tes t\t1 p\voi5t recevoir de t\t autres m\vem5s figures1 dans un autre ordre4 ,il faut donc *]*] la raison de l'exi/5ce du monde1 qui e/ l'assemblage enti] des *oses cont+5tes2 il faut la *]*] dans la sub/ance qui porte la raison de son exi/5ce avec elle1 laquelle p> consequ5t e/ necessaire t]nelle4 ,il faut aussi que cette cause soit intellig5te2 c> ce ,monde qui exi/e tant cont+5t1 une inf9it d'autres ,mondes tant galem5t possibles galem5t prt5dans l'exi/5ce1 p\r a9si dire1 aussi bi5 que lui1 il faut que la cause du monde ait eu g>d ou relation t\s ces ,mondes possibles p\r en dt]m9] un4 ,et cet g>d on rapport d'une sub/ance exi/ante de simples possibilits1 ne peut etre autre *ose que l'ent5dem5t qui en a les ides2 en dt]m9] une1 ne peut etre autre *ose que l'acte de la volont qui *oisit4 ,et c'e/ la puissance de cette sub/ance qui en r5d la volont efficace4 ,la puissance va l'etre1 la sagesse ou l'ent5dem5t au vrai1 la volont au bi54 ,et cette cause intellig5te doit etre inf9ie de t\tes les mani]es1 absolum5t p>faite en puissance1 en sagesse en bont1 puisqu'elle va t\t ce qui e/ possible4 ,et comme t\t e/ li1 il n'y a pas lieu d'en admettre plus d'une4 ,son ent5dem5t e/ la s\rce des ess5ces1 sa volont e/ l'orig9e des exi/ances4 ,voil en peu de mots la preuve d'un ,dieu unique avec ses p]fections1 p> lui l'orig9e des *oses4 #h4 ,or cette suprme sagesse jo9te une bont qui n'e/ pas mo9s inf9ie qu'elle1 n'a pu manqu] de *oisir le meilleur4 ,c> comme un mo9dre mal e/ une espece de bi52 de mme un mo9dre bi5 e/ une espece de mal1 s'il fait ob/acle un bi5 plus gr&3 il y auroit quelque *ose corrig] dans les actions de ,dieu1 s'il y avoit moy5 de mieux faire4 ,et comme dans les ,ma?matiques1 qu& il n'y a po9t de maximum ni de m9imum1 ri5 enf9 de di/+u1 t\t se fait galem5t2 ou qu& cela ne se peut1 il ne se fait ri5 du t\t2 on peut dire de mme en matire de p>faite sagesse1 qui n'e/ pas mo9s regle que les ,ma?matiques1 que s'il n'y avoit pas le meilleur 7optimum7 p>mi t\s les ,mondes possibles1 ,dieu n'en auroit produit aucun4 ,j'appelle ,monde t\te la suite t\te la collection de t\tes les *oses exi/antes1 af9 qu'on ne dire po9t que plusieurs ,mondes p\voi5t exi/] en diff]5s temps diff]5s lieux4 ,c> il faudroit les compt] t\s ensemble p\r un ,monde1 ou si v\s v\lez p\r un ,univ]s4 ,et qu& on rempliroit t\s les tems t\s les lieux2 il demeure t\j\rs vrai qu'on les auroit pu remplir d'une inf9it de manires1 qu'il y a une inf9it de ,mondes possibles1 dont il faut que ,dieu ait *oisi le meilleur2 puisqu'il ne fait ri5 sans agir suivant la suprme ,raison4 #i4 ,quelque adv]saire ne p\vant rpondre cet argum5t1 rpondra peut-tre la conclusion p> un argum5t contraire1 en disant que le ,monde auroit pu tre sans le p* sans les s\ffrances3 mais je nie qu'alors il auroit t meilleur4 ,c> il faut savoir que t\t e/ li dans *acun des mondes possibles3 l',univ]s1 quel qu'il puisse tre1 e/ t\t d'une pice1 comme un ,ocan2 le mo9dre m\vem5t y t5d son effet quelque di/ance que ce soit1 quoique cet effet devi5ne mo9s s5sible proportion de la di/ance1 de sorte que ,dieu y a t\t rgl p> avance une fois p\r t\tes1 ayant prvu les prires1 les bonnes les mauvaises actions1 t\t le re/e2 *aque *ose a contribu idalem5t avant son exi/5ce a la resolution qui a t prise sur l'exi/5ce de t\tes les *oses4 ,de sorte que ri5 ne peut tre *ang dans l',univ]s 7non plus que dans un nombre7 sauf son ess5ce1 ou si v\s v\lez1 sauf son individualit numrique4 ,a9si1 si le mo9dre mal qui arrive dans le ,monde y manquoit1 ce ne s]oit plus ce ,monde2 qui t\t compte1 t\t rabattu1 a t tr\v le meilleur p> le ,crateur qui l'a *oisi4 ,accord+ to ?is op9ion ( ,leibnitz1 ! op]ative motive 9 ! *oice ( ! pres5t sy/em be+ ! attribute ( ,b5evol5ce 9 ! ,almighty1 ! exi/5ce ( all t we t]m evil1 is ) respect to him1 & 8 preord9ation ( x1 good2 = ! :ole int5tion & motive ( its p]mission is f\nd$ 9 p]fect goodness guid$ by p]fect wisdom4 ,) respect to ! f9ite be+s1 by :om evil is p]mitt$ to take place1 !re c be no d\bt on ?is s*eme1 b ! balance ( exi/5ce w be happ9ess ev5 to !m1 :5ev] by prop] discipl9e !y are fitt$ to enjoy x4 ,p]haps x may be d\bt$ )\t infr++ on ! rev]5ce due to ! supreme dispos] ( all ev5ts1 :e!r x w\ld be consi/5t ) 8 ju/ice1 kn[+ly & volunt>ily to br+ into exi/5ce1 a s5ti5t be+1 de/9$ to be p]man5tly mis]able4 ,! "q ( ,mat]ialism1 has be5 discuss$ s9ce ! disquisition ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley1 by ,mr4 ,coop]1 :o adopts ! same side4 ,dr4 ,f]ri> ( ,man*e/]1 has r5d]$ x dubi\s h[ f> ! s5ti5t pr9ciple ought to be conf9$ to ! bra91 ?\gh ! facts he adduces1 apply ) equal =ce aga9/ ! common hypo!sis ( a sep>ate s\l1 act+ by means ( ! body4 ,! doctr9e ( ,necessity has be5 oppos$ by ,dr4 ,gregory ( ,ed9burgh1 b ) a weakness ( argum5t1 & a petulance ( language1 t places 8 "w 9 ! l[e/ rank among ! writ]s :o h adopt$ ! same side ( ! "q4 ,x h>dly des]v$ ! notice ( s good an advocate z ,dr4 ,crombie1 :o has be5 ! late/ au?or on ! subject4 ,inde$1 ! "q mu/ n[ be consid]$ z settl$2 = ^? :o c resi/ ,coll9s's philosophical enquiry1 ! section ( ,dr4 ,h>tley on ! ,me*anism ( ! m9d1 & ! review ( ! subject tak5 by ,dr4 ,prie/ley & 8 oppon5ts1 are n to be reason$ )4 ,int]e/ reipublic ut d5ique sit f9is litium1 is a maxim ( te*nical law4 ,x w apply equally to ! republic ( lett]s2 & ! "t seems to h arriv$1 :5 ! sep>ate exi/5ce ( ! human s\l1 ! fre$om ( ! w1 & ! et]nal duration ( future puni%m5t1 l ! doctr9es ( ! ,tr9ity1 & ,transub/antiation1 may be reg>d$ z no long] entitl$ to public discussion4 ,x is = ?is reason t ,i h paid no att5tion to ! hypo!sis ( ! ,scot* ,doctors1 ,reid1 ,beattie & ,oswald1 & h giv5 no detail$ acc\nt ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's exam9ation ( _! writ+s4 ,inde$ ! p]fect oblivion into :i* ^! writ]s h fall51 & ! utt] insuffici5cy ( su* "y g5tlem5 & lady's philosophy z !y h adopt$1 has secur$ !m f fur!r animadv]sion4 ,! facility ) :i* ignorance c ref] all difficulties relat+ to ! ph5om5a ( m9d1 to in/9ctive pr9ciples & common s5se1 might answ] ! purpose ( popul> declamation = a :ile1 b x c\ld n la/2 & ^! writ]s h fall5 into m]it$ obscurity1 not)/&+ ! national prejudice 9 fav\r ( ea* o!r1 s preval5t among ! ,lit]ati ( ,nor? ,brita94 ,"s passages 9 ,dr4 ,reid1 h[ev] ought to exempt him f ! contempt :i* is due to ! common sy/em advanc$ by him & 8 coadjutors3 & 8 la/ book on ! ,active p[]s ( man1 is a "w ( und5iable m]it on a v important subject1 :i* has n yet be5 discuss$ ) half ! lab\r x s em95tly des]ves4 ,! ,syn!sis & ,analysis ( our ideas1 ! hi/ory & process ( _! =mation1 & ! detail ( facts att5d+ & connect$ ) _! rise & progress1 is comp>atively a new subject4 ,des ,c>tes1 ,buffi] & ,condillac among ! ,fr5*1 ,locke1 ,b]keley & ,h>tley among ! ,engli%1 & ,hume1 ,reid1 & ,adam ,smi? among ! ,scot*1 are almo/ ! only au?ors wor? notice :o h treat$ x expressly1 & mo/ ( !m only p>tially4#gd ,some?+ may be f\nd to ! purpose 9 ,hobbes1 & 9 ! fir/ "p ( ,dr4 ,prie/ley's exam9ation ( ,reid1 ,oswald & ,beattie1 & m 9 ! fir/ volume ( ,zoonomia1 #ad & #ae4ge ,! common s5se ( ,dr4 ,reid & ,co4 seems to h be5 employ$ z ! clavis univ]salis on ?is subject by ,buffi]1 9 8 8,fir/ ,tru?s40 ,hut*eson's !ory ( ! ,moral ,s5se h>dly m]its notice1 nor does t ( ,dr4 ,price promise to add mu* to ! /ock ( real k4 ,we h _h en\gh 7sat sup]que7 ( occult pr9ciples1 innate pr9ciples1 & in/9ctive pr9ciples1 :i* illu/rate no?+1 b ! ignorance ( ^? :o employ !m4 #gd ,dr4 ,dugal ,/ew>t 9 ,scotl&1 & ! ,revd4 ,mr4 ,bel%am 9 ,engl&1 h publi%$ ,elem5ts ( ! ,philosophy ( ! m9d1 ! fir/ incl9+ to ! ,scot* ,s*ool ( ,metaphysics1 ! latt] to ! ,sy/em ( ,h>tley2 bo? ( !m ( m]it 9 _! way1 p>ticul>ly 7z ,i ?9k t ( ,mr4 ,bel%am74 #ge ,i _c help ?9k+ ,dr4 ,d>w9's obligations to ,dr4 ,h>tley & ,dr4 ,br[n ought to h dictat$ m ackn[l$gem5t ?an he has condesc5d$ to make4 ,= my own "p1 ,i am p]suad$ t no ,!ory ( ! m9d c be satisfactory1 :i* is n f\nd$ on ! hi/ory ( ! ,body4 ,i "k ( no legitimate passport to ,metaphysics b ,physiology4 ,h5ce ,i _c e/imate highly ! writ+s ( ! ,scot* ,metaphysicians4 ,!re is "o o!r feature also common to ?is ,s*ool1 :i* satisfies me ( _! incompet5ce to ?is subject2 _! slight notice1 & ambigu\s approbation ( a man s sup]ior z ,dr4 ,h>tley1 & _! utt] ignorance or neglect ( ! !ory he has advanc$4 ,on e subject relat+ to ! ph5om5a ( m9d1 ,dr4 ,h>tley's book mu/ be adopt$ z ! gr\nd "w ( ! reason+1 or 8 pr9ciples mu/ be previ\sly & di/9ctly confut$4#gf #gf ,dr4 ,reid 9 8 la/ "w has giv5 a critique on ,dr4 ,h>tley's !ory )\t und]/&+ x1 or ev5 t\*+ on ! important po9ts4 ,t !ory 9 sub/ance is ?is3 an ext]nal object 7a pea* = in/ance7 makes an impression at once1 on our organs ( feel+1 ( sight1 & ( ta/e4 ,! impression ?us made on ! extreme end ( ! appropriate n]ve1 is propagat$ by "s species ( motion along ! c\rse ( n]ve up to ! bra91 & !re1 & !re only1 p]ceiv$2 = if ! n]ve be cut1 or ti$1 or palsi$1 9 any "p ( its c\rse1 ! impression is n p]ceiv$4 ,motions 9 ! bra9 ?us produc$1 & p]ceiv$1 are s5sations3 simil> motions aris+1 or produc$ )\t ! impression ( an ext]nal object1 are ideas4 ,^! impressions be+ 9 ! in/ance giv51 simultane\s or ne>ly s1 are associat$1 s t ! s5sation produc$ by ! sight ( a pea*1 w give rise to motions 9 ! bra9 simil> to ^? produc$ at fir/ by ! ta/e & ! t\* ( x3 i4 e4 x w sugge/ ! ideas ( ta/e & t\*1 & excite ! incl9ation to rea* & to eat ! object ( !m4 ,h5ce s5sations1 ideas1 & muscul> motions are associat$ toge!r & mutually sugge/ & give rise to ea* o!r4 ,:at species ( motion x is1 ) :i* ! n]v\s sy/em is affect$ 9 ?is process1 or :e!r ,sir ,isaac ,newton's !r1 or its mod]n sub/itute ! electric fluid1 has any ?+ to d ) x or n1 is no ess5tial "p ( ! !ory1 & may be adopt$ or reject$ )\t prejudice to ! ma9 sy/em4 ,"s k9d ( motion !re manife/ly is2 ,i ?9k x demon/rable t x is vibratory2 b ( :atev] k9d x be1 its exi/5ce 9 ! bra9 is unque/ionable2 & ! association & cat5ation ( individual motions 9 ! bra9 accord+ to c]ta9 laws1 is equally s4 ,?is is matt] ( fact1 & x 0 ,dr4 ,reid's bus9ess if he c\ld1 to %ew t nei!r ! motions1 ! p]ceptions1 or ! associations took place 9 t organ4 ,! g5]al law is express$ by ,h>tley ,prop4 #bj4 ,cor4 #g4 ,! ,metaphysics ( ! pres5t day require also1 a m accurate att5tion to ! ,!ory ( ,gramm> ?an has hi!rto be5 paid by writ]s on ! subject4 ,p]haps ,i d n ass]t too mu* 9 say+ t we h _h no gramm>ians wor? notice1 none :o h ?r[n light on ! pr9ciples ( ,gramm>1 b ,locke & ,horne ,tooke4 ,:at dreadful confusion has aris5 f treat+ words d5ot+ :at are call$ ab/ract ideas1 z if !y 7 ! expon5ts ( real individual exi/5ce8 ,:]eas !y are m]ely signs ( artificial classification )\t any individual ar*etype4 ,= in/ance 9 relation to ! pres5t subject1 :at volumes ( lab\r$ & le>n$ trifl+ h be5 writt5 on ! ,w1 ! ,judgm5t1 ! ,und]/&+ & ! o!r faculties z !y are call$1 ( ! s\l6 ,yet no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an t ! w1 ! judgm5t1 ! und]/&+1 c4 h no exi/5ce3 !y are words only1 ! c\nt]s employ$ 9 reason+1 conv5i5t signs ( arrangem5t1 l ! plus ! m9us & ! unkn[n quantity 9 ,algebra1 b no m4 ,! "t h[ev] is approa*+1 :5 ,metaphysics w take rank among ! ,sci5ces t lay claim1 if n to absolute demon/ration1 yet to an approximation to c]ta9ty suffici5t = all ! purposes ( e?ical reason+1 & all ! practical duties ( human life4 ,,errata4 ,,page1 ,,l9e4 #bc #aj f ! top1 ,= deliv]]y1 read deliv]y4 #hd #ad -- -- 0 ,actes1 0 ,artes 0 0 -- -- 0 pecs9it1 0 nec s9it4 #ij bottom l9e1 0 ,no4 #f1 0 ,no4 #d4 #afj #b -- -- 0 ,bur1 0 ,b4 #agb #c -- -- 0 ,bianc\nt1 0 ,lianc\rt4 #ahh #a -- -- 0 det]m+1 0 det]m9+4 0 #h -- -- 0 he 0 h]4 #bad #a -- -- ,= wall1 read well4 #bah #c f ! bottom 0 immorality1 0 immortality4 #bbi #b -- -- 0 #afgi1 0 #agfg4 #bfi #c -- -- 0 =t1 0 =te4 #cjd #h f ! bottom aft]1 ! ,au?or1 0 ,dr4 ,c[>d4 0 #a f ! top1 0 pr$om99ates1 0 pr$om9ates4 #ccc #g f ! top ( ! note = disc1 0 dire4 #ceg #ab f ! top ,= is1 0 x4 ,transcrib] ,notes ,obvi\s punctuation errors & ommissions h be5 correct$4 ,! errata h be5 correct$1 except = ! "o li/$ z on page #ceg1 :i* does n exi/4 ,page #d 8,my "m dy+ 9 90 *ang$ to 8,my "m dy+ 90 ,page #bc 8my deliv]]y0 *ang$ to 8my deliv]y0 ,page #be 8t neighb\rghood0 *ang$ to 8t neighb\rhood0 ,page #dd 8,engli% gramm]0 *ang$ to 8,engli% gramm>0 ,page #de 8ju/ly pref]$0 *ang$ to 8ju/ly pref]r$0 ,page #eh 8occur$ to me0 *ang$ to 8occurr$ to me0 ,page #gg 8well kn[h0 *ang$ to 8well kn[n0 ,page #hd 8,actes1 emollit mores pecs9it0 *ang$ to 8,artes1 emollit mores nec s9it0 ,page #hh 8con/antly returnn$0 *ang$ to 8con/antly return$0 ,page #id 89 ! difficuties0 *ang$ to 89 ! difficulties0 ,page #aad 8! numb] ( su* p]son0 *ang$ to 8! numb] ( su* p]sons0 ,page #abj 8air fram wat]0 *ang$ to 8air f wat]0 ,page #aba 8af enjoym5t0 *ang$ to 8( enjoym5t0 ,page #abf 8,i ?onght my0 *ang$ to 8,i ?\ght my40 8)\t exceprion0 *ang$ to 8)\t exception0 ,page #aeh 8respect ro me0 *ang$ to 8respect to me40 8w\ld bo ready0 *ang$ to 8w\ld be ready0 ,page #afj 8,bur ! s5t5ce0 *ang$ to 8,b ! s5t5ce0 ,page #agb 8,duke de ,lianc\nt0 *ang$ to 8,duke de ,lianc\rt0 ,page #aha 8pr9cipal ,agebraic0 *ang$ to 8pr9cipal ,algebraic0 ,page #ahh 8)\t det]m+0 *ang$ to 8)\t det]m9+0 ,page #baa 8"s symtoms0 *ang$ to 8"s symptoms0 ,page #bad 8z wall z0 *ang$ to 8z well z40 8j aftorw>d0 *ang$ to 8j aft]w>d0 ,page #bag 8read t pampnlet0 *ang$ to 8read t pamphlet0 ,page #bah 8a happy immorality0 *ang$ to 8a happy immortality0 ,page #bbj 8*e>fulnees (0 *ang$ to 8*e>fulness (0 ,page #bbc 8is unnecsss>y0 *ang$ to 8is unnecess>y0 ,page #bbg 8recomm5d+ & comfirm+0 *ang$ to 8recomm5d+ & confirm+0 ,page #bda 8is is *iefly0 *ang$ to 8is *iefly0 ,page #bdd 8,a diss]tatson0 *ang$ to 8,a diss]tation0 ,page #bec 8e&\r ( disposition0 *ang$ to 8c&\r ( disposition0 ,page #bef 8( ( metals0 *ang$ to 8( metals40 8,dr4 ,priesley0 *ang$ to 8,dr4 ,prie/ley0 ,page #bfd 8( ( wat]0 *ang$ to 8( wat]0 ,page #bhj 8,ni*4 ,jonrn40 *ang$ to 8,ni*4 ,j\rn40 ,page #bij 8aon philosophical subjects0 *ang$ to 8on philosophical subjects40 8f ( vap\rs0 *ang$ to 8=m ( vap\rs0 ,page #bie 8f ! ext5tion0 *ang$ to 8f ! ext5sion0 ,page #cjh 8"o ( ! inum]able0 *ang$ to 8"o ( ! innum]able40 8,au?ore ,j4 ,r4 ,m4 ,i40 *ang$ to 8,au?or ,j4 ,r4 ,m4 ,i40 ,page #cad 8snd x is !re0 *ang$ to 8& x is !re0 ,page #cbe 8anw]s 7 giv50 *ang$ to 8answ]s 7 giv50 8,dr4 ,horseley0 *ang$ to 8,dr4 ,horsely0 ,page #cca 8manife/ly pr$omn9ates0 *ang$ to 8manife/ly pr$om9ates0