,,art ,,and ,,artists4 ,,memoranda ,,of ,,art ,,and ,,artists1 ,anecdotal and ,biographical4 ,,collected ,,and ,,arranged ,by ,,joseph ,,sandell4 ,illustration ,london3 ,,simpkin1 ,,marshall ,co41 ,,stationers' ,,hall ,,court1 ,e4,c4 ,,and ,,field ,,tuer1 #ej1 ,,leadenhall ,,street1 ,e4,c4 #ahga4 ,copyright entered at ,stationers' ,hall4 ,illustration3 ,,ai1 #gah4 ,,field ,,tuer1 ,,leadenhall ,,st4 ,,london4 ,illustration ,,preface4 ,the collection of the ,anecdotes now offered to the public has been a work of some few years1 but it has also been a pleasure4 ,loving ,art1 ,i have taken a deep interest in the light thrown by them on the character and career of the great artists whose works have done so much to elevate and refine mankind4 ,these anecdotes have been culled from various sources2 and though many of them have doubtless been several times related1 yet some1 it is believed1 have never before been published in a collected form4 ,mr4 ,henry ,ottley1 in the ,preface to his 8,supplement to ,bryan's ,dictionary of ,painters10 remarks that many artists to whom he had applied for materials for biography1 did not answer his letters1 and that others declined from a feeling of diffidence to give him the required information4 ,i have found a similar difficulty in obtaining anecdotes by applying to the artist friends with whom ,i have the honour of being acquainted4 ,my work has1 therefore1 been to seek materials from other sources2 to select1 arrange1 and1 in some instances1 abridge4 ,whenever it was possible to give the authority for a story1 this has been done4 ,the anecdotes are arranged in groups1 according to the artist to whom they relate2 and for convenience of reference1 the names of artists are given alphabetically4 ,it is hoped that this little volume1 while serving to wile away a leisure hour1 may at the same time do something to arouse the reader's interest in the men who have devoted their lives to the service of ,art1 and so to the instruction and well-being of their fellow-men4 ,j4 ,s4 ,,walham ,,green1 ,,london1 #ahga4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,contents4 ,,page ,,allston1 ,,washington #a ,his ,opinion of his own ,painting4 #b ,,bartolozzi1 ,,francesco1 ,r4,a4 #b ,interview with ,george ,,iii4 #d ,,beechey1 ,,sir ,,william1 ,r4,a4 #e ,interview with ,holcroft #e ,,chantrey1 ,,sir ,,francis1 ,r4,a4 #f ,chantrey's ,prices #g ,horne ,tooke #g ,equestrian ,figures #h ,candid ,opinion #i ,fashion #i ,,collins1 ,,william1 ,r4,a4 #ab ,complaint against the ,hanging ,committee #ad 8,the ,bird ,catchers0 #ae ,haydon's 8,judgment of ,solomon0 #af ,samuel ,t4 ,coleridge #ag ,the ,painter's ,sympathisers #ai ,,constable1 ,,john1 ,r4,a4 #aj ,archdeacon ,fisher #ab ,constable's ,pleasantry #ab ,,copley1 ,,john ,,singleton1 ,r4,a4 #bj ,portrait ,painting #ba ,,david1 ,,jacques ,,louis #bb ,his ,marriage #bb ,his ,cruelty #bd ,his ,excessive ,vanity #be ,danton's ,features #be ,david and ,napoleon #be ,david and the ,emperor's ,portrait #bf ,,denon1 ,,dominique ,,vivant #bf ,navet of ,talleyrand's ,wife #bh ,denon's ,curiosities #bh ,,flaxman1 ,,john1 ,r4,a4 #bi ,his ,obliging ,disposition #cj ,,fuseli1 ,,henry1 ,r4,a4 #ca ,his ,cat #cb ,his ,gaiters #cc ,the ,drama #cc ,noisy ,students #cd ,the ,yorkshireman #cd ,richardson's ,novels #ce ,classical ,attainments #ce ,,gainsborough1 ,,thomas1 ,r4,a4 #cf ,the ,conceited ,alderman #cf ,the ,artist's ,independence #cg ,his ,letter to the ,duke of ,bedford #cg ,mrs4 ,siddons's ,nose #ch ,conclusive ,evidence #ch ,the ,german ,professor #ci ,the ,artist's ,retort to the ,lawyer #dj ,,gordon1 ,,sir ,,john ,,watson1 ,r4,a4 #dj ,lord ,palmerston and the ,artist #da ,,harlowe1 ,,george ,,henry #db ,taking a ,likeness under ,difficulties #db ,,haydon1 ,,benjamin ,,robert #dc ,introduction to ,fuseli #df ,london ,smoke #dg ,his ,description of the ,british ,school of ,painters #dh ,,hayman1 ,,francis1 ,r4,a4 #dh ,gluttony #di ,marquis of ,granby and the ,noble ,art #ej ,the ,painter's ,friendship for ,quin #ej ,,hogarth1 ,,william #ea ,wilkes and ,churchill #ed ,garrick's ,generosity #ee ,caricature #ef ,wilkes #ef ,hogarth's ,conceit #eg ,an ,ugly ,sitter #eg ,,hoppner1 ,,john1 ,r4,a4 #eh ,an ,eccentric ,customer #ei ,the ,alderman's ,lady #fj ,a ,cool ,sitter #fa ,,ibbetson1 ,,julius ,c,,sar #fa ,the ,toper's ,reply #fb ,the ,recognition #fc ,,inman1 ,,henry #fd ,,jervas1 ,,charles #gj ,reynolds1 ,sir ,joshua #gj ,dr4 ,arbuthnot #gj ,vanity #ga ,lady ,bridgwater #ga ,the ,painter's ,generosity #ga ,hints to ,pope on ,painting #gb ,,kneller1 ,,sir ,,godfrey #gc ,royal ,patronage #gd ,radcliffe1 ,dr4 #gd ,origin of the ,kit-,cat ,club #ge ,portrait ,painting #gf ,cut at ,pope #gf ,a ,country ,sitter #gf ,vandyke and ,kneller #gf ,tonson1 the ,bookseller #gg ,,lawrence1 ,,sir ,,thomas1 ,p4,r4,a4 #gg ,royal ,favours #gi ,miss ,fanny ,kemble #hj ,hoaxing ,lawrence #ha ,fuseli's ,envy #hb ,his ,professional ,practice #hb ,,liotard1 ,,john ,,stephen #hd ,,liverseege1 ,,henry #he ,a ,dear ,model #hf ,,lotherbourg1 ,,philip ,,james ,,de1 ,r4,a4 #hg ,gilray #hh ,loutherbourg's ,eccentricity #hi ,attitude is ,everything #hi ,,opie1 ,,john1 ,r4,a4 #hi ,the ,affected ,sitter #ij ,,reynolds1 ,,sir ,,joshua1 ,p4,r4,a4 #ia ,astley #ia ,reynolds on ,art #ib ,johnson's ,portrait #ib ,reynolds's ,sundays #ic ,dr4 ,johnson #ic ,garrick's ,pleasantry #id ,duchess of ,marlborough #id ,pope #ie ,michael ,angelo #ie ,reynolds's ,study #if ,dr4 ,johnson's ,opinion of ,artists #if ,reynolds's ,discourses #ig ,garrick's ,portraits #ig ,sir ,joshua's ,generosity #ig ,an ,epicure's ,advice #ih ,lord ,mansfield #ih ,,roubiliac1 ,,louis ,,francis #ih ,goldsmith #ii ,roubiliac's ,honesty #ajj ,bernini #ajj ,lord ,shelburne #ajj ,dr4 ,johnson #aja ,roubiliac's ,poetic ,effusions #ajb ,,rylan1 ,,william ,,wynne #ajc ,magnanimity #ajc ,self-,possession #ajd ,red ,chalk ,engravings #ajd ,,teniers1 ,,david3 ,,father ,,and ,,son #aje ,teniers at the ,village ,alehouse #aje ,,west1 ,,benjamin1 ,p4,r4,a4 #ajh ,leigh ,hunt #aji ,john ,constable #aab ,william ,woollet #aab ,james ,northcote #aac ,youthful ,ambition #aad ,perseverance in ,art #aae ,,wilkie1 ,,sir ,,david1 ,r4,a4 #aae 8,letter of ,introduction0 #aai ,collins's ,reminiscences of ,wilkie #aai ,arrest at ,calais #abj ,his ,opinion of ,michael ,angelo and ,raphael #abb ,,wilson1 ,,richard1 ,r4,a4 #abc ,a ,scene at ,christie's #abd ,,zoffany1 ,,johann1 ,r4,a4 #abd ,the ,royal ,picture #abg ,the 8,cock ,fight0 #abg ,,miscellaneous ,,anecdotes1 ,,etc4 ,the ,royal ,academy1 ,burlington ,house #abi ,fonthill ,collection #acj ,the ,strawberry ,hill ,collection #acb ,the ,saltmarshe ,collection #acd ,the ,stowe ,collection #ace ,the ,bernal ,collection #acf ,sale of ,daniel ,o',connell's ,library1 etc4 #ach ,holbein #adj ,palladio1 ,andrew #ada ,callot's ,etchings #adb ,the ,female ,face #adc ,london in the ,seventeenth ,century #add ,tardif1 the ,french ,connoisseur #adf ,paul ,potter's ,studies of ,nature #adg ,fidelity in ,portrait ,painting #adh ,clayton ,mordaunt ,cracherode #adh ,barry's ,contempt for ,portrait ,painting #adi ,barry's ,eccentricity #adi ,the ,royal ,prisoner #aej ,athenian ,stuart #aea ,prudhon and ,canova #aea ,revolution an ,enemy to ,art #aeb ,serres and ,vernet #aec ,the ,heroic ,painter #aed ,vernet and ,voltaire #aee ,pistrucci's ,ready ,ingenuity #aee ,charles ,townley #aef ,the ,townley ,marbles #aef ,blucher taken by ,limners #aeg ,cost of a ,picture #aeh ,resuscitated ,celebrities #aeh ,two ,gormandizers #aei ,the ,artist ,illustrated #afj ,the ,double ,surprised #afa ,the ,ideal ,part of ,painting #afb ,satan at a ,premium #afc ,love of the ,picturesque #afd ,the ,dutch ,painter and his ,customers #afe ,painting a ,sky #aff ,variety of ,skies #afh ,slang of ,artists #afi ,a ,picture ,dealer's ,knowledge of ,geography #agj ,on ,study of ,antiquities #agj ,the ,reserve #aga ,gallantry of ,antiquaries #aga ,poets and ,painters #agb ,freedom of ,opinion #agc ,the ,connoisseur ,taken ,in #agd ,no ,connoisseur #age ,the ,uncourtly ,medalist #age ,connoisseurs #agf ,old ,books #agf ,extra ,love of ,antiquity #agf ,how to be a ,connoisseur #agg ,the ,chandos ,portrait of ,shakspeare #agg ,the ,felton ,portrait of ,shakspeare #agh ,parisian ,caricaturists #agi ,italian ,pottery and ,glass ,making #ahj ,the ,portland ,vase #ahb ,a ,lost ,art #ahc ,fans #ahd ,the ,trials of a ,portrait ,painter #aib ,seddon's ,picture of 8,jerusalem0 #aid ,a ,great ,picture and its ,vicissitudes #aif ,the ,frescoes in the ,houses of ,parliament #aih ,the ,riding ,master and the ,elgin ,marbles #bjj ,a ,hallowed ,spot #bja ,illustration ,illustration ,,art ,,and ,,artists4 ,,allston 7,,washington74 ,washington ,allston was born at ,charleston1 in ,south ,carolina1 on the #eth ,november1 #aggi1 of a family distinguished in the history of that ,state4 ,he entered ,harvard ,college in #agif1 and graduated in #ahjj4 ,while at college he developed in a marked manner a love of music1 poetry1 and painting4 ,on leaving college1 he returned to ,south ,carolina1 having determined to devote his life to the fine arts1 and embarked for ,london in #ahja4 ,on his arrival1 he became a student of the ,royal ,academy1 and formed an intimacy with his countryman1 ,benjamin ,west1 who was its president4 ,after three years in ,london1 he paid visits to ,paris and ,rome1 and in #ahji returned to ,america4 ,two years afterwards1 we find him again in ,england1 where his reputation as an artist was now completely established4 ,in #ahah he returned to ,america1 making ,boston his home4 ,mrs4 ,jameson1 in her 8,memoirs and ,essays1 illustrative of ,art10 says3 8,at ,rome ,allston first became distinguished as a mellow and harmonious colourist1 and acquired among the native ,german painters the name of 8the ,american ,titian40 ,when in ,london1 ,allston paid a professional visit to ,fuseli1 who asked him what branch of art he intended to pursue4 ,he replied1 8,history40 8,then1 sir10 answered the shrewd and intelligent professor of painting1 8you have come a long way to starve40 ,allston was the author of several poems1 which1 with his lectures on art1 are edited by ,r4 ,h4 ,dana1 jun41 and published in ,new ,york4 ,he died on the #ith of ,july1 #ahdc4 ,,his ,,opinion ,,of ,,his ,,own ,,painting4 ,some years after ,allston had acquired a considerable reputation as a painter1 a friend showed him a miniature1 and begged he would give his sincere opinion upon its merits1 as the young man who drew it had some thoughts of becoming a painter by profession4 ,after much pressing1 ,allston candidly told the gentleman he feared the lad would never do anything as a painter1 and advised his following some more congenial pursuit4 ,the friend thereupon convinced him that the miniature had been done by ,allston himself1 for this very gentleman1 when the painter was very young4 ,illustration ,,bartolozzi 7,,francesco71 ,r4,a4 ,francesco ,bartolozzi was born in ,florence1 in the year #agbh1 where his father kept a shop1 and followed the business of a goldsmith1 on the ,ponto ,vecchio4 ,young ,bartolozzi was taught drawing by ,feretti1 a drawing-master in ,florence1 and instructed in engraving by one ,corsi1 a very indifferent artist4 ,his earliest attempts in engraving were copying prints from ,frey and ,wagner1 and engraving shop-cards1 and saints for friars4 ,his first work1 considered of any consequence1 was from a picture in the cloisters of ,santa ,maria ,novella1 in ,florence4 ,when he was about eighteen1 by the advice of ,feretti1 he sent a specimen of his abilities to ,wagner1 at ,venice1 which was satisfactorily received2 and from that time he became his pupil and assistant1 and remained with him ten years4 ,while he was with ,wagner1 ,bartolozzi married and went to ,rome1 where he remained a year and a half4 ,among other works1 he engraved1 while at ,rome1 several heads of painters for ,bottari's edition of ,vasari4 ,in the year #agfb1 ,mr4 ,dalton1 the ,king's agent for works of art1 being at ,venice1 introduced himself to the artist1 and took him to ,bologna to make two drawings1--a ,cupid1 from ,guido1 and the ,circumcision1 from ,guercino1 which he afterwards engraved for him4 ,at ,mr4 ,dalton's invitation1 ,bartolozzi started for ,london in the year #agfd1 and1 on arriving in the metropolis1 he found his fame had1 through the joint influence of his friend ,cipriani and ,mr4 ,dalton1 brought many noted personages to his lodgings1 desirous to make the artist's personal acquaintance4 ,for three years and a half he was wholly employed by ,mr4 ,dalton1 at a guinea a day4 ,he was one of the twenty-seven artists who memorialized the ,king to establish a ,royal ,academy1 and was nominated a ,royal ,academician on its establishment in #agfh4 ,after quitting ,cipriani's house1 he lived in ,broad ,street1 and in ,bentinck ,street1 ,soho2 and at last settled in a house at ,north ,end1 ,fulham1 where he took great delight in gardening1 and where he remained to live till ,november1 #ahjb1 when he went to ,portugal2 after a residence in ,england of more than thirty-eight years4 ,although ,bartolozzi was greatly patronized by the public in this country1 and in the receipt of a large income1 and his works held in the highest estimation1 yet1 with a morbid sensibility1 he always felt himself to be a foreigner1 and never quite at home in ,england4 ,at ,lisbon he gave his attention to the superintendence of a school of engraving recently established1 from which he received the sum of #bjj yearly for his services4 ,the week before he left ,england1 ,lord ,pelham sent his private secretary to inform him that he was authorized by ,his ,majesty to make him an offer of #djj a year to remain in ,england1 and more1 if that was not sufficient2 but this munificence ,bartolozzi respectfully declined4 ,he died in the year #ahae1 in the eighty-fifth year of his age4 ,,interview ,,with ,,george ,,iii4 8,i was shaving myself in the morning10 says ,bartolozzi1 8when a thundering rapping at the door announced the glad tidings1 and ,i cut myself in my hurry to go to ,buckingham ,house1 where ,i was told ,his ,majesty was waiting for me in the library4 ,when ,i arrived1 ,i found the ,king on his hands and knees on the floor1 cleaning a large picture with a wet sponge1 and ,mr4 ,dalton1 ,mr4 ,barnard1 the librarian1 and another person standing by4 ,the subject of the picture was the #8,murder of the ,innocents1' said to be by ,paul ,veronese1 and ,i was sent for to give my opinion of its originality4 ,mr4 ,dalton named me to the ,king as a proper judge1 as ,i had so lately come from ,venice2 and ,i suppose he intended to give me some previous instructions2 but when delay was proposed1 the ,king said3 #8,no2 send for ,mr4 ,bartolozzi now1 and ,i will wait here till he comes4' ,on my entering the room1 the ,king asked me whether the picture was an undoubted original by ,paul ,veronese2 to which ,i gave a gentle shrug1 without saying a single word4 ,the ,king seemed to understand the full force of the expression1 and1 without requiring any further comment1 asked me how ,i liked ,england1 and if ,i found the climate agree with me2 and then walked out at the window which led into the garden1 and left ,mr4 ,dalton to roll up his picture2 and here ended the consultation4 ,the picture was an infamous copy1 and offered to the ,king for the moderate price of one thousand guineas40 ,illustration ,,beechey 7,,sir ,,william71 ,r4,a4 ,william ,beechey was born at ,burford1 in ,oxfordshire1 in the year #agec4 ,it is recorded of this painter that the circumstance of a portrait of a nobleman which he had painted being returned by the hanging committee of the ,exhibition led to his rapid advancement in life4 ,the picture found its way to ,buckingham ,house1 was much admired by the royal family2 and so led to his receiving the patronage of ,his ,majesty4 ,in #agih he was commissioned to paint ,george ,,iii4 on horseback reviewing the troops4 ,beechey excelled in portrait-painting4 ,though neat and delicate in his colouring1 his portraits want that dignity and grace so well shown in those of the great master1 ,reynolds4 ,he died in the year #ahci4 ,,interview ,,with ,,holcroft4 ,in ,holcroft's diary occurs the following reference to this painter3-- 8#ae ,july1 #agih4--,sir ,william ,beechey1 with his young son1 called2 he was lately knighted4 ,speaks best on painting1 the subject on which we chiefly conversed4 ,said that a notion prevailed in ,italy1 that pictures having a brown tone had most the hue of ,titian2 and that the picture-dealers of ,italy smeared them over with some substance which communicates this tone4 ,of this ,i doubt4 ,repeated a conversation at which he was present1 when ,burke endeavoured to persuade ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds to alter his picture of #8,the ,dying ,cardinal1' by taking away the devil1 which ,burke said was an absurd and ridiculous incident1 and a disgrace to the artist4 ,sir ,joshua replied1 that if ,mr4 ,burke thought proper1 he could argue per contra2 and ,burke asked him if he supposed him so unprincipled as to speak from anything but conviction4 #8,no1' said ,sir ,joshua2 #8but had you happened to take the other side1 you could have spoken with equal force4'444 ,beechey praised my portrait1 painted by ,opie1 but said the colouring was too foxy2 allowed ,opie great merit1 especially in his picture of #8,the ,crowning of ,henry ,,vi4 at ,paris2' agreed with me that he had a bold and determined mind1 and that he nearest approached the fine colouring of ,rembrandt40 ,illustration ,,chantrey 7,,sir ,,francis71 ,r4,a4 ,sir ,francis was born on the #gth of ,april1 #aghb1 at ,norton1 in ,derbyshire4 ,he was early apprenticed to a carver1 with whom he served three years4 ,in the year #ahaf1 at the early age of eight-and-twenty1 he became an ,associate of the ,royal ,academy1 and after two years' close study he was elected an ,academician4 ,it has been justly said of this artist1 that all his statues proclaim themselves at once the works of a deeply-thinking man4 ,his most celebrated sepulchral monument1 entitled 8,the ,sleeping ,children10 is known all over ,europe by engravings4 ,it was erected in memory of two children of the late ,william ,robinson1 ,esq4 ,chantrey died at his house1 in ,pimlico1 on the #beth of ,november1 #ahda4 ,,chantrey',s ,,prices4 ,in #ahjh ,chantrey received a commission to execute four colossal busts for ,greenwich ,hospital3--those of ,duncan1 ,howe1 ,st4 ,vincent1 and ,nelson2 and from this time his prosperity began4 ,during the eight previous years he declared he had not gained five pounds by his labours as a modeller2 and until he executed the bust of ,horne ,tooke1 in clay1 in #ahaa1 he was himself diffident of success4 ,he was1 however1 entrusted with commissions to the amount of #ab1jjj4 ,his prices at this time were eighty or a hundred guineas for a bust1 and he continued to work at this rate for three years1 after which he raised his terms to a hundred and twenty1 and a hundred and fifty guineas1 and continued these prices until the year #ahbb1 when he again raised the terms to two hundred guineas2 and when he modelled the bust of ,george ,,iv41 the ,king wished him to increase the price1 and insisted that the bust of himself should not return to the artist a less sum than three hundred guineas4 ,,horne ,,tooke4 ,horne ,tooke had rendered ,chantrey many important services1 for which the latter through life took every opportunity to show his gratitude4 ,about a year previous to ,horne ,tooke's death1 he desired the artist to procure for him a large black marble slab to place over his grave1 which he intended should be in his garden at ,wimbledon4 ,this commission ,chantrey executed1 and went with ,mrs4 ,chantrey to dine with ,tooke on the day that it was forwarded to the dwelling of the latter4 ,on the sculptor's arrival1 his host merrily exclaimed1 8,well1 ,chantrey1 now that you have sent my tombstone1 ,i shall be sure to live a year longer10 which was actually the case4 ,,equestrian ,,figures4 ,when ,george ,,iv4 was sitting to ,chantrey1 he required the sculptor to give him the idea of an equestrian statue to commemorate him1 which ,chantrey accomplished at a succeeding interview by placing in the sovereign's hand a number of small equestrian figures1 drawn carefully on thick paper1 and resembling in number and material a pack of cards4 ,these sketches pleased the ,king very much1 who turned them over and over1 expressing his surprise that such a variety could be produced2 and after a thousand fluctuations of opinion1 sometimes for a prancing steed1 sometimes for a trotter1 then for a neighing or starting charger1 ,his ,majesty at length resolved on a horse standing still1 as the most dignified for a ,king4 ,chantrey probably led to this1 as he was decidedly in favour of the four legs being on the ground2 he had a quiet and reasonable manner of convincing persons of the propriety of that which from reflection he judged to be preferable4444 ,when he had executed and erected the statue of the ,king on the staircase at ,windsor1 ,his ,majesty good-naturedly patted the sculptor on the shoulder1 and said1 8,chantrey1 ,i have reason to be obliged to you1 for you have immortalized me40 ,,candid ,,opinion4 ,mr4 ,leslie relates the following anecdote3-- 8,chantrey told me that on one of his visits to ,oxford1 ,professor ,buckland said to him #8,if you will come to me1 you shall hear yourself well abused4' ,he had borrowed a picture of ,bishop ,heber1 from the ,hall of ,new ,college1 to make a statue from2 and having kept it longer than he had promised1 the woman who showed the ,hall was very bitter against him4 #8,there is no dependence1' she said1 #8to be placed on that ,chantrey4 ,he is as bad as ,sir ,thomas ,lawrence1 who has served me just the same2 there is not a pin to choose between them4' ,she pointed to the empty frame1 and said1 #8,it is many a shilling out of my pocket1 the picture not being there2 they make a great fuss about that statue of----' 7mentioning one by ,chantrey1 that had lately been sent to one of the colleges71 #8but we have one by ,bacon1 which1 in my opinion1 is twice as good4 ,when ,chantrey's statue came1 ,i had ours washed2 ,i used a dozen pails of water1 and ,i am sure ,i made it look a great deal better than his4' ,he took out a five-shilling piece1 and putting it into her hand1 but without letting it go1 said1 #8,look at me1 and tell me whether ,i look like a very bad man4' #8,lord1 no1 sir4' #8,well1 then1 ,i am that ,chantrey you are so angry with4' ,she seemed somewhat disconcerted2 but quickly recovering herself1 replied1 #8,and if you are1 sir1 ,i have said nothing but what is true1' and he resigned the money into her hand40 ,,fashion4 ,on one occasion1 at a dinner party1 he was placed nearly opposite his wife at table1 at the time when very large and full sleeves were worn1 of which ,lady ,c4 had a very fashionable complement2 and the sculptor perceived that a gentleman sitting next to her was constrained to confine his arms1 and shrink into the smallest dimensions1 lest he should derange the superfluous attire4 ,chantrey1 observing this1 addressed him thus3 8,pray1 sir1 do not inconvenience yourself from the fear of spoiling those sleeves1 for that lady is my wife2 those sleeves are mine1 and as ,i have paid for them1 you are at perfect liberty to risk any injury your personal comfort may cause to those prodigies of fashion60 ,also1 noticing a lady with sleeves curiously cut1 he affected to think the slashed openings were from economical motives1 and said1 8,what a pity the dressmaker should have spoiled your sleeves6 ,it was hardly worth while to save such a little bit of stuff40 ,illustration ,,constable 7,,john71 ,r4,a4 ,john ,constable1 born in ,suffolk1 in the year #aggf1 passed his infancy in a beautifully rural country1 the scenery of which he was in love with to the day of his death4 ,his predilection for the art was developed before he reached the age of sixteen4 ,mrs4 ,constable procured for her son an introduction to ,sir ,george ,beaumont4 ,sir ,george had expressed himself much pleased with the youth's pen-and-ink copies4 ,he was sent to pursue his studies in ,london2 and in #agii1 writing to a friend1 he says3-- 8,i paint by all the daylight we have1 and there is little enough4 ,i sometimes see the sky2 but imagine to yourself how a pearl must look through a burnt glass4 ,i employ my evenings in making drawings and in reading1 and ,i hope by the former to clear my rent4 ,if ,i can1 ,i shall be very happy4 ,our friend ,smith has offered to take any of my pictures into his shop for sale4 ,he is pleased to find ,i am reasonable in my prices40 ,again1 in ,leslie's memoirs of the artist we have the following memorandum of ,constable3-- 8,for these few weeks past ,i have thought more seriously of my profession than at any other time of my life2 of that which is the surest way to excellence4 ,i am just returned from a visit to ,sir ,george ,beaumont's pictures1 with a deep conviction of the truth of ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds' observation1 that #8there is no easy way of becoming a good painter4' ,for the last two years ,i have been running after pictures1 and seeking the truth at second-hand4 ,i have not endeavoured to represent nature with the same elevation of mind with which ,i set out1 but have rather tried to make my performances look like the work of other men4 ,i am come to a determination to make no idle visits this summer1 nor to give up my time to commonplace people4 ,i shall return to ,bergholt1 where ,i shall endeavour to get a pure and unaffected manner of representing the scenes that may employ me4 ,there is little or nothing in the ,exhibition worth looking up to4 ,there is room enough for a natural painter4 ,the great vice of the present day is bravura1--an attempt to do something beyond the truth4 ,fashion always had1 and will have1 its day2 but truth in all things only will last1 and can only have just claims on posterity4 ,i have reaped considerable benefit from exhibiting2 it shows me where ,i am1 and in fact tells me what nothing else could40 ,constable kept up a wide correspondence among his friends1 from which correspondence one of his most intimate friends1 ,c4 ,r4 ,leslie1 compiled and published1 with much taste and discretion1 ,memoirs of his ,life4 ,constable died in the year #ahcg4 ,,archdeacon ,,fisher4 ,after preaching one ,sunday1 the archdeacon asked the artist how he liked his sermon3 he replied--8,very much indeed1 ,fisher2 ,i always did like that sermon40 ,,constables ,,pleasantry4 ,a picture of a murder sent to the ,academy for exhibition while ,constable was on the council1 was refused admittance on account of a disgusting display of blood and brains in it2 but ,constable objected still more to the wretchedness of the work1 and said3 8,i see no brains in the picture40 ,this recalls another which is related of ,opie1 who1 when a young artist asked him what he mixed his colours with1 replied1 8,brains40 ,it being complained to him by his servant that the milk supplied was very poor and weak in quality1 he said one morning to the milkman3 8,in future1 we shall feel obliged if you will send us the milk and the water in separate cans40 ,illustration ,,collins 7,,william71 ,r4,a4 ,william ,collins was born in ,london1 in ,september1 #aghh4 ,at an early age his father noticed his son's talent1 and sent him to the ,royal ,academy to pursue his studies4 ,his skill in a short time was such that he became a valuable assistant to his father in his business of cleansing and restoring pictures2 and when he rose to paint pictures for himself1 his father was at a loss what to do without him4 8,the first intimation ,i gave10 says his father1 8of my incapacity to restore1 or even line1 the pictures without the aid of my son ,william1 was on last ,wednesday4 ,there was a beautiful large landscape by ,ostade--the figures by ,a4 ,teniers4 ,i pointed out the necessary repairs in the sky which were wanted to make the picture complete2 and1 of course1 mentioned ,bill as superior to every other artist in that department4 ,the squire listened very attentively until ,i had done1 and then inquired what the expense of such repairs might be4 ,i answered1 about two or three guineas4 8,oh1 d----n the sky6 clean it and stick it up without any repairs then60 ,in #ahjg1 ,collins became for the first time exhibitor at the ,royal ,academy1 and fifteen years later a ,royal ,academician1 ,he married in #ahbb4 ,he passed the years #ahcg and #ahch studying his art in ,italy4 ,he says in his journal3 8,a painter should choose those subjects with which people associate pleasant circumstances3 it is not sufficient that a scene pleases him40 ,and this advice it is plain he acted upon himself to the end of his career4 ,while living1 he had the satisfaction 7very rare to the most successful7 of seeing his pictures fetch high prices4 ,for instance--for his 8,frost ,scene0 ,sir ,robert ,peel paid him #ejj guineas1 ,mr4 ,young gave him for his 8,skittle ,players0 #djj guineas2 and the same sum was paid him by ,sir ,thomas ,baring for his 8,mussel ,gatherers40 ,the life of ,collins was a success from the first year he entered as a student at the ,royal ,academy2 and though his life has been called uneventful1 the ,english artist will ever cherish his name4 ,he died in #ahdg1 aged fifty-nine4 ,his ,life1 with selections from his correspondence1 is plainly and affectionately told by the artist's son1 ,mr4 ,wilkie ,collins1 published in two vols41 #ahdh4 ,,complaint ,,against ,,the ,,hanging ,,committee4 ,the following are given by ,wilkie ,collins in his ,memoirs4 8,,to ,h4 ,,howard1 ,,esq41 ,r4,a4 ,,great ,,portland ,,street1 #ast ,may1 #ahaa4 8,,sir1--,finding one of my pictures put upon the hearth in the #8,great ,room1' where it must inevitably meet with some accident from the people who are continually looking at ,mr4 ,bird's picture2 ,i take the liberty of requesting you will allow me to order a sort of case to be put round the bottom part of the frame1 to protect it 7as well as the picture7 from the kicks of the crowd4 ,even the degrading situation in which the picture is placed would not have induced me to trouble you about it had it been my property2 but1 as it was painted on commission1 ,i shall be obliged to make good any damage it may sustain4 ,i remain1 sir1 your obedient1 humble servant1 ,w4 ,,collins1 ,,jun40 8,,to ,,mr4 ,,collins1 ,,jun4 ,,royal ,,academy1 ,may #a1 #ahaa4 8,,sir1--,i conceive there will be no objection to your having a narrow wooden border put round the picture you speak of1 if you think such a precaution necessary1 provided it be done any morning before the opening of the ,exhibition2 and you may show this to the porter as an authority for bringing in a workman for that purpose4 ,i cannot help expressing some surprise that you should consider the situation of your picture degrading1 knowing as ,i do that the ,committee of ,arrangement thought it complimentary1 and that1 as low as it is1 many members of the ,academy would have been content to have it4 ,i am1 sir1 your obedient servant1 ,h4 ,,howard1 ,secretary40 8,,the ,,bird ,,catchers40 ,mr4 ,stark1 the landscape painter1 supplied the following interesting notice of this famous picture3-- 8,in order to make himself thoroughly acquainted with the process of bird-catching1 he 7,collins7 went into the fields 7now the ,regent's ,park7 before sunrise1 and paid a man to instruct him in the whole mystery2 and ,i believe if the arrangement of the nets1 cages1 and decoy birds1 with the disposition of the figures1 lines connected with the nets1 and birds attached to the sticks1 were to be examined by a ,whitechapel bird-catcher1 he would pronounce them to be perfectly correct4 ,he was unable to proceed with the picture for some days1 fancying that he wanted the assistance of ,nature in a piece of broken foreground2 and whilst this impression remained1 he said he should be unable to do more4 ,i went with him to ,hampstead ,heath2 and although he was not successful in meeting with anything that suited his purpose1 he felt that he could then finish the picture2 but while the impression was on his mind that anything could be procured likely to lead to the perfection of the work1 he must satisfy himself by making the effort--even if it proved fruitless4 ,i have perhaps said more on this picture than you may deem necessary2 but it was the first work of this description that ,i had been acquainted with1 and the only picture1 excepting those of my late master1 ,crome1 that ,i had ever seen in progress4 ,moreover1 ,i believe it to have been the first picture of its particular class ever produced in this country2 and this1 both in subject and treatment1 in a style so peculiarly your late father's1 and one which has gained for him so much fame40 ,the painter himself has left the following memoranda on this picture3-- 8,two days since1 ,constable compared a picture to a sum2 for it is wrong if you can take away or add a figure to it4 ,in my picture of #8,bird-,catchers1' to avoid red1 blue1 and yellow---to recollect that ,callcott advised me to paint some parts of my picture thinly 7leaving the ground7--and that he gave credit to the man who never reminded you of the palette40 ,,haydon',s 8,,judgment ,,of ,,solomon40 8,went to ,spring ,gardens10 says ,collins1 8to see ,haydon's picture of #8,the ,judgment of ,solomon4' ,in this most extraordinary production there is everything for which the ,venetian school is so justly celebrated2 with this difference only1 that ,haydon has considered other qualities equally necessary4 ,most men who have arrived at such excellence in colour1 have seemed to think they have done enough2 but with ,haydon it was evidently the signal of his desire to have every greatness of every other school4 ,hence1 he lays siege to the drawing and expression of ,nature1 which1 in this picture1 he has certainly carried from1 and in the very face of1 all his competitors4 ,of the higher qualities of ,art are certainly the tone of the whole picture2 the delicate variety of colour2 the exquisite sentiment in the mother bearing off her children2 and the consciousness of ,solomon in the efficacy of his demonstration of the real mother4 ,in short1 ,haydon deserves the praise of every real artist for having proved that it is possible 7which1 by the way1 ,i never doubted7 to add all the beauties of colour and tone to the grandeur of the most sublime subject1 without diminishing the effect upon the heart4 ,haydon has done all this2 and produced1 upon the whole1 the most perfect modern picture ,i ever saw2 and that at the age of seven-and-twenty60 ,,samuel ,t4 ,,coleridge4 ,among the correspondence of ,collins occurs the following characteristic letter to him from this celebrated writer4 8,,to ,w4 ,,collins1 ,,esq41 ,a4,r4,a4 ,,highgate1 ,december1 #ahah4 8,,my ,,dear ,,sir1--,i at once comply with1 and thank you for1 your request to have some prospectuses4 ,god knows ,i have so few friends1 that it would be unpardonable in me not to feel proportionably grateful towards those few who think the time not wasted in which they interest themselves in my behalf4 ,there is an old ,latin adage3 #8,vis videri pauper1 et pauper es4' ,poor you profess yourself to be1 and poor therefore you are1 and will remain4 ,the prosperous feel only with the prosperous2 and if you subtract from the whole sum of their feeling for all the gratifications of vanity and all their calculations of lending to the ,lord1 both of which are best answered by conferring the superfluity of their superfluities on advertised and advertisable distress--or on such as are known to be in all respects their inferiors--you will have1 ,i fear1 but a scanty remainder4 ,all this is too true2 but then1 what is that man to do whom no distress can bribe to swindle or deceive8 who cannot reply as ,theophilus ,cibber did to his father1 ,colley ,cibber1 who1 seeing him in a rich suit of clothes1 whispered to him as he passed1 #8,the46 ,the46 ,i pity thee6' #8,pity me6 pity my tailor6' ,spite of the decided approbation which my plan of delivering lectures has received from several judicious and highly respectable individuals1 it is too histrionic1 too much like a retail dealer in instruction and pastime1 not to be depressing4 ,if the duty of living were not far more awful to my conscience than life itself is agreeable to my feelings1 ,i should sink under it4 ,but1 getting nothing by my publications1 which ,i have not the power of making estimable by the public without loss of self-estimation1 what can ,i do8 ,the few who have won the present age1 while they have secured the praise of posterity1 as ,sir ,walter ,scott1 ,mr4 ,southey1 ,lord ,byron1 etc41 have been in happier circumstances4 ,and lecturing is the only means by which ,i can enable myself to go on at all with the great philosophical work to which the best and most genial hours of the last twenty years of my life have been devoted4 ,poetry is out of the question4 ,the attempt would only hurry me into that sphere of acute feelings from which abstruse research1 the mother of self-oblivion1 presents an asylum4 ,yet sometimes1 spite of myself1 ,i cannot help bursting out into the affecting exclamation of our ,spenser 7his #8wine' and #8ivy garland' interpreted as competence and joyous circumstances71-- 8,thou kenn'st not1 ,percy1 how the rhyme should rage6 ,oh if my temples were bedewed with wine1 ,and girt with garlands of wild ivy-twine1 ,how ,i could rear the ,muse on stately stage6 ,and teach her tread aloft in buskin fine1 ,with queen'd ,bellona in her equipage-- ,but1 ah1 my courage cools ere it be warm60 ,but ,god's will be done4 ,to feel the full force of the ,christian religion1 it is perhaps necessary1 for many tempers1 that they should first be made to feel1 experimentally1 the hollowness of human friendship1 the presumptuous emptiness of human hopes4 ,i find more substantial comfort now in pious ,george ,herbert's #8,temple1' which ,i used to read to amuse myself with his quaintness--in short1 only to laugh at--than in all the poetry since the poems of ,milton4 ,if you have not read #8,herbert1' ,i can recommend the book to you confidently4 ,the poem entitled #8,the ,flower1' is especially affecting2 and1 to me1 such a phrase as #8relish versing1' expresses a sincerity1 a reality1 which ,i would unwillingly exchange for the more dignified1 #8and once more love the ,muse1' etc4 ,and so1 with many other of ,herbert's homely phrases4 ,we are all anxious to hear from1 and of1 our excellent transatlantic friend ,mr4 ,allston4 ,i need not repeat that your company1 with or without our friend ,leslie1 will gratify your sincere1 8,s4 ,t4 ,,coleridge40 ,,the ,,painter',s ,,sympathisers4 ,collins was much amused on one occasion by the remark of some fishermen4 ,having made a careful study of some boats and other objects on the beach1 which occupied him the greater part of the day1 towards evening1 when he was preparing to leave1 the sun burst out low in the horizon1 producing a very beautiful1 although totally different1 effect on the same objects2 and with his usual enthusiasm1 he immediately set to work again1 and had sufficient light to preserve the effect4 ,the fishermen seemed deeply to sympathize with him at this unexpected and additional labour as they called it2 and endeavoured to console him by saying1 8,well1 never mind1 sir2 every business has its troubles40 ,illustration ,,copley 7,,john ,,singleton71 ,r4,a4 ,john ,singleton ,copley was born at ,boston in ,america1 #crd ,july1 #agcg4 ,his father was of ,english descent1 and having resided a long time in ,ireland1 many claimed the painter1 when he became eminent1 as a native of the sister ,isle4 ,when eight or nine years old1 he would remain in an old lumber room for several hours at a time1 drawing1 in charcoal1 figures on the wall4 ,at that time ,boston had neither academy nor private instructors in the art2 and the young artist had therefore to educate himself4 ,in the year #agfj he sent his first painting anonymously to the ,exhibition of the ,royal ,academy1 which raised high expectations among the academicians4 ,seven years after1 his name was well known to admirers of ,art1 both in ,america and ,england4 ,so proud were the ,bostonians of him1 that they provided as many commissions as he could execute4 ,he visited ,london in #aggd2 but after a short stay he left it for ,italy4 ,he thus writes to an acquaintance from ,rome1--8,having seen the ,roman school1 and the wonderful efforts of genius exhibited by ,grecian artists1 ,i now wish to see the ,venetian and ,flemish schools4 ,there is a kind of luxury in seeing1 as well as there is in eating and drinking2 the more we indulge1 the less are we to be restrained2 and indulgence in ,art ,i think innocent and laudable4444 ,the only considerable stay which ,i intend to make will be at ,parma1 to copy the fine ,correggio4 ,art is in its utmost perfection here2 a mind susceptible of the fine feelings which ,art is calculated to excite will find abundance of pleasure in this country4 ,the ,apollo1 the ,laocon1 etc41 leave nothing for the human mind to wish for2 more cannot be effected by the genius of man than what is happily combined in those miracles of the chisel40 ,copley returned to ,london1 and being introduced by ,west to the ,academy1 the ,king1 in #aghc1 sanctioned his election as an ,r4,a4 ,his name being established1 year after year witnessed works of high and enduring merit from his brush4 ,he was never idle4 ,the merit of his paintings was the more surprising when it was considered with what rapidity they were executed4 ,perhaps among his best works are the following1 8,king ,charles ordering the arrest of the five ,members of ,parliament10 8,the ,death of ,chatham10 and 8,the ,death of ,major ,pierson10 a young officer who fell in the defence of ,st4 ,helier's against the ,french4 ,this picture was painted for ,boydell2 and when1 long afterwards1 his gallery was dispersed1 was purchased back by the artist1 and was subsequently in the possession of his son1 the late ,lord ,lyndhurst1 who1 to his credit1 was at the time of his death the owner of several of the best works of his distinguished parent4 ,copley died #ith ,september1 #ahae4 ,,portrait ,,painting4 ,a portrait painter in large practice might write a pretty book on the vanity and singularity of his sitters4 ,a certain man came to ,copley1 and had himself1 and wife1 and seven children all included in a family piece4 8,it wants but one thing10 said he1 8and that is the portrait of my first wife--for this one is my second40 8,but10 said the artist1 8she is dead you know1 sir3 what can ,i do8 she is only to be admitted as an angel40 8,oh1 no6 not at all10 answered the other2 8she must come in as a woman--no angels for me40 ,the portrait was added1 but some time elapsed before the person came back2 when he returned1 he had a stranger lady on his arm4 8,i must have another cast of your hand1 ,copley10 he said3 8an accident befel my second wife2 this lady is my third2 and she is come to have her likeness included in the family picture40 ,the painter complied--the likeness was introduced--and the husband looked with a glance of satisfaction on his three spouses4 ,not so the lady2 she remonstrated2 never was such a thing heard of6 out her predecessors must go4 ,the artist painted them out accordingly1 and had to bring an action at law to obtain payment for the portraits he had obliterated4--,life of ,copley3 ,family ,library4 ,illustration ,,david 7,,jacques ,,louis74 ,jacques ,louis ,david1 the celebrated ,french painter1 was born in ,paris in the year #agdh1 and studied under ,vienne4 ,it is said of him1 that while endeavouring to give an air of antique character to his works1 he was too often cold and inexpressive1 resembling coloured statuary more than nature4 ,by many admirers he is looked up to as the head and restorer of the ,french school4 ,the following may be reckoned as his most celebrated pictures3--8,the ,rape of the ,sabines10 8,the ,coronation of ,napoleon10 8,the ,oath taken in the ,tennis ,court10 8,brutus10 8,belisarius10 8,the ,funeral of ,patroclus10 and 8,the ,death of ,socrates40 ,he died in ,december1 #ahbe4 ,,david',s ,,marriage4 ,jacques ,louis ,david was very successful with his pupils4 ,at each distribution of prizes at the ,academy of ,rome1 one of his pupils generally bore away the palm4 ,the ,king of ,france1 who acknowledged the royalty of the arts1 ordered apartments to be prepared for ,david in the ,louvre4 ,till then1 ,david had never dreamed of marrying2 he only thought of the productions of his genius4 ,before taking possession of his apartments in the ,louvre1 it was necessary for him to come to some arrangement with ,pcoul1 the ,king's architect4 ,david had known his son at ,rome4 ,they had often talked together of their country and absent families4 ,pcoul's son had said to ,david1 8,i have some handsome sisters2 you must choose one1 and we shall then be brothers40 ,on the painter's departure for ,paris1 he had given him a letter to his father1 principally as an introduction to his sisters4 ,more than two years had passed by1 and the letter still remained in a portfolio of drawings4 ,one day1 as ,david turned it over1 he said--8,who knows but destiny may have traced this80 ,and so it remained for another six months4 ,at last he called on ,pcoul4 8,ah60 said the architect1 8you are ,david1 and you want apartments in the ,louvre80 8,yes1 sir1 the ,king has had the kindness to allow me to reside there40 ,david had the letter in his pocket2 he blushed1 drew it out1 and gave it1 with much emotion1 to the architect4 8,egad60 said ,pcoul1 8this letter will still keep a little longer2 come and dine with me1 and we will read it at the dessert40 ,saying this1 ,pcoul1 in his turn1 put the letter into his pocket4 ,david went to dinner4 ,there was a great display of luxury and coquetry4 ,it was ,pcoul's ardent wish that the glory and fortune of ,david should spring from his own house4 ,at the dessert1 ,pcoul took out his son's letter and read it aloud4 ,this was like a piece of theatrical clap-trap4 ,the profoundest silence ensued2 the young girls held down their heads while eyeing ,david4 ,david interrogated the sphinx4 ,pcoul1 as he read the letter1 tried also to read the thoughts of ,david in his eyes4 ,the mother alone thought of him who had written the letter1 for her son was still at ,rome4 ,the letter ran as follows3--8,the bearer of this1 dear father1 is my best friend2 do your utmost that he may become my brother4 ,this will be easy enough2 he is twenty-five1 and you have some marriageable daughters2 he has genius1 and you have money40 ,monsieur ,pcoul finished reading2 but his auditors were still listening4 8,you see1 mesdemoiselles10 at last said ,david1 taken unexpectedly1 8how your brother settles matters4 ,i am quite confused at his good opinion of me2 but he does not seem to know that neither daughter nor sister ought to be forced1 where marriage is concerned4 ,as for me1 who am alone in the world1 ,i should be too happy to people my solitude with beauty and virtue40 ,after an awkward pause1 the architect broke silence by telling ,david that he would religiously follow his son's advice1 especially as the celebrated painter of 8,belisarius0 had no natural aversion to matrimony4 ,the conversation resumed its liveliness1 and every one spoke much and gaily2 but when ,david rose to leave1 he did not yet know which of the two young girls he should marry4 ,of the two beauties he married the ,roman type4 ,,david',s ,,cruelty4 ,it is related of ,david1 that during the reign of terror1 when the executions were most numerous and indiscriminate1 he would give vent to his ferocious nature by exclaiming with a chuckle1 8,c'est a1 il faut encore broyer du rouge40 ,,his ,,excessive ,,vanity4 ,his cruelty was only equalled by his vanity and sycophancy4 ,boasting of being like ,robespierre--incorruptible1 one who knew him remarked1 8,i know what would bribe you60 8,what80 he indignantly exclaimed4 8,an apotheosis in the ,pantheon during your lifetime10 was the answer4 ,on his death-bed1 at the direction of his physicians1 an engraving of one of his works was shown him to test the state of his faculties2 he cast on it his glassy eyes1 and muttered1 8,il n'y a que moi qui pouvait concevoir la tte de ,lonidas40 ,,danton',s ,,features4 ,david1 who regarded as a demi-god ,danton1 the organizer of the massacre of the prisons during the reign of terror1 attempted several times to delineate the horrid countenance of this remarkable man2 at last1 giving up the attempt as impossible1 ,david exclaimed1 8,il serait plus facile de peindre l'ruption d'un volcan1 que les traits de ce grand homme40 ,,david ,,and ,,napoleon4 ,in his celebrated picture of the distribution of the eagles to ,napoleon's legions1 ,david had represented ,victory soaring over them1 holding forth crowns of laurel4 8,what do you mean1 sir1 by this foolish allegory80 exclaimed the ,emperor1 8it was perfectly unnecessary4 ,without borrowing such absurd fictions1 the world must know that all my soldiers are conquerors40 ,on returning some days after this ebullition of temper1 the ,emperor was delighted at finding ,david had painted three scrolls1 bearing the names of ,buonaparte1 ,hannibal1 and ,charlemagne4 ,,david ,,and ,,the ,,emperor',s ,,portrait4 ,before painting the ,emperor's portrait1 he asked him how he would be represented4 8,on the field of victory1 sire1 sword in hand80 8,bah60 replied the ,emperor4 8,victories are not gained by the sword4 ,represent me1 sir1 dashing forward on a fiery steed40 ,again1 when requested to sit a little more steadily1 to obtain a good resemblance1 ,napoleon replied3 8,pshaw1 sir6 who cares for a resemblance8 ,what are mere features1 sir8 ,the genius of the artist is shown by his success in representing the fire--the inspiration of the face4 ,think you1 sir1 ,alexander ever sat to ,apelles80 ,illustration ,,denon 7,,dominique ,,vivant74 ,dominique ,vivant ,denon was born in a small town of ,burgundy1 of a noble family1 in the year #agdg4 ,he was appointed by the ,king1 at an early age1 gentleman-in-ordinary4 ,soon after1 he was made secretary of embassy1 and accompanied ,baron ,talleyrand to ,naples4 ,it was in this capacity1 during the absence of ,talleyrand1 that ,denon charmed all he had acquaintance with by his rare superiority of talent and depth of conception1 which1 lying concealed under an inexhaustible fund of wit and humour1 was not even suspected to exist till the wit and courtier vanished to make room for the diplomatist4 ,while in ,italy1 he devoted his mornings to the study of the ,fine ,arts1 of which he was passionately fond4 ,he was selected by ,buonaparte to accompany him to ,egypt1 in which celebrated campaign ,denon by turns wielded the sword and handled the pencil4 ,it was remarked by all that his stock of gaiety never deserted him1 even when under the severest privations4 ,many instances are recorded of his humanity and feeling on crossing the desert4 ,his terrific picture of the ,arab dying in the desert of hunger and thirst was taken from nature2 and such and even worse scenes were daily met with by the artist during this memorable undertaking of the great general4 ,denon returned with ,buonaparte to ,france1 and prepared his immortal travels in ,upper and ,lower ,egypt during the ,egyptian campaigns4 ,this work1 which has obtained the highest suffrages1 and been translated into almost all ,european languages1 was much admired by ,buonaparte himself4 ,one day1 on looking over the work1 ,napoleon said1 8,if ,i lost ,egypt1 ,denon has conquered it40 ,as a mark of appreciation of ,denon's talent and attachment1 he was appointed by ,napoleon director and administrator-general of the museums and medal-mint4 ,this office was just in accordance with ,denon's taste and talents4 ,no medals were allowed to be struck of which the designs and execution had not received the approbation of ,denon2 and to this cause1 say the connoisseurs1 is to be attributed the uniform superiority of the ,napoleon medals in beauty of execution over every other collection in the world4 ,denon was specially appointed to superintend the erection of the column in the ,place ,vendme in honour of the battle of ,austerlitz4 ,the model was to be the column of ,trajan at ,rome2 but1 it is generally agreed1 ,denon greatly surpassed his model4 ,after the fall of ,napoleon1 ,denon lived in retirement1 occupying himself with his collection of medals1 etc4 ,his cabinet was open several days in the week1 and was resorted to by strangers from all parts of the world4 ,for the last seven years before his death1 which took place in the year #ahbe1 he employed his spare moments in the composition of a work on the 8,history of ,art10 with about #cjj to #djj plates from his own cabinet4 ,the subscription was soon closed after his intention was known4 ,many of the first ,french artists1 it is said1 owe their advancement in life to his interest and influence4 ,he died at the age of seventy-eight4 ,,naivet ,,of ,,talleyrand',s ,,wife4 8,talleyrand invited ,denon to dinner4 ,when he went home to his wife1 he said1 #8,my dear1 ,i have invited ,denon to dine4 ,he is a great traveller1 and you must say something handsome to him about his travels1 as he may be useful to us with the ,emperor4' ,his wife being extremely ignorant1 and probably never having read any other books of travels than that of ,robinson ,crusoe1 concluded that ,denon could be nobody else than ,robinson4 ,wishing to be very civil to him1 she1 before a large company1 asked him divers questions about his man ,friday6 ,denon1 astonished1 did not know what to think at first2 but at length discovered by her questions that she really imagined him to be ,robinson ,crusoe4 ,his astonishment and that of the company cannot be described1 nor the peals of laughter which it excited in ,paris1 as the story flew like wildfire through the city2 and even ,talleyrand himself was ashamed of it40--,gentleman's ,magazine4 ,,denon',s ,,curiosities4 ,the following are a few of the many curiosities sold by auction in ,paris in #ahdf4 ,various instruments which belonged to the tribunal of the ,inquisition at ,valladolid4 ,the ring of ,john-without-,fear1 ,duke of ,burgundy1 who was assassinated on the bridge of ,monterau2 the ring being found in his grave in #agib4 ,plaster casts of the heads of ,cromwell1 ,charles ,,xii41 and ,robespierre4 ,fragments of bones found in the burial place of the ,cid and ,ximena at ,burgos4 ,bones from the grave of ,abelard and ,heloise at ,paraclete4 ,hair of ,agnes ,sorel1 who was burned at ,loches1 and of ,ines de ,castro1 at ,alkaboga4 ,part of the moustaches of ,henry ,,iv41 found in excellent preservation when the royal tombs at ,st4 ,denis were emptied in #agic4 ,a piece of ,turenne's shroud4 ,bones of ,molire and ,la ,fontaine4 ,some hair of ,general ,desaix4 ,a tooth of ,voltaire4 ,a piece of the shirt stained with blood worn by ,napoleon at the time of his death4 ,a lock of his hair1 and a leaf of the weeping willow which overshadows his grave at ,st4 ,helena4 ,illustration ,,flaxman 7,,john71 ,r4,a4 ,flaxman held the distinguished position of ,professor of ,sculpture to the ,royal ,academy4 ,he was an excellent ,greek and ,latin scholar1 and his mind seems to have been early imbued with that classic feeling and taste which it is essential for an historical sculptor to possess1 and which laid the foundation of his future celebrity4 ,he was admitted a ,student of the ,royal ,academy1 in #aggj4 ,in #aghg1 ,mr4 ,flaxman went to ,italy1 where he pursued his studies for seven years4 ,while resident at ,rome1 he made about eighty designs from the ,iliad and ,odyssey4 ,these were so highly approved that he was afterwards engaged to illustrate1 in the same manner1 the works of ,dante for ,mr4 ,thomas ,hope1 and schylus for the late ,countess ,spencer4 ,all these designs were made at ,rome1 and engraved there by ,thomas ,piroli4 ,the ,homer was published in quarto1 in #agic1 and again1 with additional plates1 in #ahje2 the schylus1 in #agie2 the ,dante1 in #ahjg4 ,his illustrations of ,hesiod were made after his return to ,england2 they were engraved by ,w4 ,blake1 and published in #ahaf4 ,mr4 ,flaxman returned from ,rome in #agid1 and was elected on his way a ,member of the ,academies of ,florence and ,carrara4 ,his first work after his arrival in ,england1 and for which he received the commission before he left ,rome1 was the monument to ,lord ,mansfield1 in ,westminster ,abbey4 ,he designed and executed many other sepulchral monuments1 the most notable being those of ,earl ,howe1 ,lord ,nelson1 and ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 in ,st4 ,paul's cathedral2 while ,westminster ,abbey1 and various other cathedrals and churches1 are enriched with exquisite productions of his genius4 ,flaxman died1 #crd ,december1 #ahbf1 at the age of seventy-one4 ,,his ,,obliging ,,disposition4 ,the following letter curiously illustrates the kind and obliging nature of the celebrated sculptor4 ,it is addressed to ,john ,bischoff1 ,esq41 ,leeds3-- 8,,buckingham ,,street1 ,,fitzroy ,,square1 8#aith of ,aug4 #ahad4 8,,dear ,,sir1--,your first respected letter was duly received1 concerning the drawing for ,dr4 ,whitaker's new edition of #8,the ,history of ,leeds2' the answer to which has been delayed so long because ,i wished to send by it such information respecting the manner of engraving the monument of ,captains ,walker and ,beckett1 with the expense1 as might enable ,dr4 ,whitaker and yourself to determine what kind of print will be most likely to answer the purpose of publication--which will consequently determine the kind of drawing from which the copper-plate must be engraved4 ,this information ,i have just obtained4 ,a highly-finished shadowed engraving1 of the proper size for a quarto book1 will cost twenty guineas1 or more2 and in this department of ,art there are two engravers of distinguished excellence1 ,mr4 ,bromley and ,mr4 ,englehart4 ,for such an engraving a drawing should be made by ,mr4 ,stothard1 who is used to draw for engravers2 which is an absolute requisite1 as this is a distinct branch of ,art4 ,a drawing of this kind costs about five or six guineas4 ,if the ,rev4 ,doctor would be satisfied with an outline of the monument--such as those published of ,homer's ,iliad and ,odyssey1 as well as some in ,cowper's translations of ,milton's ,latin poems1 which is now a favourite style of decoration in books--,i can make the outline myself1 and will request the ,editor's acceptance of it4 ,the engraving1 including the copper-plate1 will cost six guineas if done by ,mr4 ,blake1 the best engraver of outlines4 ,when you favour me with ,dr4 ,whitaker's intentions on this subject1 pray send in the letter the size of the intended book4 ,i hope you will excuse the trouble ,i have occasioned you2 and accept my particular thanks for your kindness and attention4 8,i have the honour to remain1 etc41 8,,john ,,flaxman40 ,illustration ,,fuseli 7,,henry71 ,r4,a4 ,henry ,fuseli was a native of ,zurich1 and came to ,england at an early age1 being undecided whether to make ,literature or ,art his study4 ,he happened to take some of his drawings to ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 and requested the great painter to give his candid opinion upon their execution4 ,the ,president was so struck with the power of conception displayed in them1 that after attentively viewing them1 he said1 8,young man1 were ,i the author of these drawings1 and offered ten thousand a year not to practise as an artist1 ,i would reject it with contempt40 ,this opinion1 so flattering1 decided him4 ,in #agih1 on the opening of his ,milton ,gallery1 he fully satisfied all who might previously have had misgivings1 by a rare display of lofty imagination1 blended with extensive intellectual acquirements4 ,all were agreed upon his marvellous genius as displayed in that exhibition4 ,among his masterly works in the ,shakspeare ,gallery1 his 8,ghost of ,hamlet's ,father0 was1 perhaps1 the grandest4 ,mr4 ,fuseli enjoyed the friendship of the most distinguished literati of the age4 ,his townsman1 ,lavater1 entertained a very high opinion of him before ever he discovered his genius by his after career4 ,on leaving his native town to begin life1 ,lavater put into his hand a small piece of paper1 beautifully framed1 on which was written1 8,do but the tenth part of what you can do40 8,hang that up in your bed-room10 said ,lavater1 8and ,i know what will be the result40 ,mr4 ,fuseli enjoyed excellent health1 no doubt the result of his habitual temperance2 whether in town or country1 summer or winter1 he was seldom in bed after five o'clock4 ,he died in the year #ahbe1 at the ripe old age of #hd1 and his remains were interred in ,st4 ,paul's cathedral4 ,,his ,,cat4 ,it is related of the famous ,fuseli1 that he had a very imperfect sympathy for the harmless domestic cat4 ,one day he was heard roaring at the top of his voice1 8,same1 ,same1 why the devil don't you come80 ,the affectionate ,mrs4 ,f41 who was in an adjoining room1 rushed out1 and catching sight of her husband's agonized features1 asked in dismay1 8,what do you want of ,sam1 my dear ,henry80 ,the only reply to which was1 8,oh6 d---- your dear ,henry2 send up ,same40 ,on hastening to his assistance1 the professor was found sprawling on his back1 and pointing to the great doors of his painting room4 ,it was found that he had a few minutes before gone there to take out a large picture to paint upon1 when a couple of cats that had crawled through the roof rushed out and confronted him1 thus causing all the disturbance4 ,the man for whom he had called so vigorously by the name of 8,same10 was ,samuel ,stronger1 his model1 who found his patron as white as a ghost4 ,,his ,,gaiters4 ,it was not unusual for ,fuseli to walk into the students' room1 with his gaiters in his hand4 ,he would put them on just before the ,academy closed for the night4 ,one night1 in his hurry to begin1 he forgot the gaiters1 or rather mislaid them4 ,a long-continued grumbling announced to the students present that something was wrong4 ,one of the students1 less careful than the others1 began to titter2 this caught the professor's ears1 who bounced out of the room1 exclaiming1 8,oh6 you are all a set of teeves2 you have stolen my gaiters60 ,the merriment had not subsided1 when1 reappearing with the missing articles in his hand1 and assuming as bland a smile as he could command1 he apologetically added1 8,oh1 no6 ,i was the teef myself4 ,it was ,i who stole the gaiters60 ,,the ,,drama4 ,fuseli was a profound scholar in the works of ,shakspeare1 so much so that he had the various passages of the plays at his fingers' ends4 ,as an illustration1 the following incident occurred at a dinner table1 at which many were present4 ,sitting beside ,fuseli was a very garrulous1 shallow young man1 who several times misquoted the great dramatist4 ,after receiving blunder upon blunder with an audible growl1 he addressed the young gentleman with1 8,where's that to be found80 8,in ,titus ,andronicus1 where the black1 as you recollect1 says--0 8,no1 saar1 ,i do not recollect2 ,i do not think it is in ,taitus ,andronicus at all40 8,macbeth1 perhaps10 ventured the quoter4 8,no1 no2 it is not in ,maac-beath40 8,in ,hamlet40 8,no1 nor in ,haamlet1 saar40 8,well1 then1 ,i do not recollect where it is10 admitted the speaker4 ,to which ,fuseli added1 8,perhaps you do not know1 but it is in ,otello1 saar10 much to the diversion of the assembled guests4 ,,noisy ,,students4 ,hearing a violent noise in the studio1 and inquiring the cause1 he was answered by one of the porters1 8,it's only those fellows1 the students1 sir40 8,fellows60 exclaimed ,fuseli2 8,i would have you to know1 sir1 those fellows may one day become ,academicians40 ,the noise increasing1 he opened the door with1 8,you are a den of wild beasts40 ,munro1 who was one of the students1 bowed1 and said1 8,and ,fuseli is our keeper40 ,,the ,,yorkshireman4 ,discoursing one day upon the merits of ,phocion1 the ,athenian1 a gentleman gravely put the question1 8,pray1 sir1 who was ,mr4 ,phocion80 ,fuseli as gravely answered1 8,from your dialect1 sir1 ,i presume you are from ,yorkshire2 and1 if so1 ,i wonder you do not recollect ,mr4 ,phocion's name1 as he was ,member for your county in the ,long ,parliament60 ,,richardson',s ,,novels4 ,a gentleman speaking one day in the presence of ,fuseli1 of books1 remarked1 8,no one now reads the works of ,richardson40 8,do they not80 said the painter1 8then by ,g-- they ought4 ,if people are tired of old novels1 ,i should be glad to know your criterion of books4 ,if ,richardson is old1 ,homer is obsolete4 ,clarissa to me is pathetic2 ,i never read it without crying like a child40 ,,classical ,,attainments4 ,haydon1 in his lectures on painting1 observes3 8,in general literature1 what is called polite literature1 ,fuseli was highly accomplished4 ,he perhaps knew as much of ,homer as any man2 but he was not a deep classic2 he could puzzle ,dr4 ,burney by a question1 but he was more puzzled if ,dr4 ,burney questioned him4 ,porson spoke lightly of his knowledge of ,greek1 but in comparison with ,porson1 a man might know little and yet know a great deal2 a friend once asked him to construe a difficult passage in the chorus in the ,agamemnon of schylus--he cursed all choruses1 and said he never read them6 ,but his power of acquiring1 idiomatically1 a living language was certainly extraordinary2 six weeks1 he said1 was enough for him to speak any language2 yet though his tendency to literature gave him in society the power of being very amusing1 ,i think it my duty to caution the young men present2 he1 for an artist1 allowed literature to take too predominant a part in his practice1 and sunk too much the painter in the critic40 ,illustration ,,gainsborough 7,,thomas71 ,r4,a4 ,this eminent landscape painter was born at ,sudbury1 in ,suffolk1 in #agbg4 ,his father was a clothier by trade1 and of very peculiar habits4 ,it was to his mother1 an accomplished woman1 that he owed so much affectionate encouragement during his boyhood4 ,he often absented himself from school1 and spent the time sketching the picturesque dwellings with overhanging storeys in his neighbourhood4 ,it has been said of him1 8,nature was his teacher1 and the woods of ,suffolk were his ,academy40 ,his affection for his birthplace was very great throughout his career1 and there was not a tree of any beauty there that was not treasured in his memory4 ,at the age of fifteen he left for ,london1 and returned disappointed to ,sudbury after four years' absence4 ,on his return to his native town he devoted himself to the study of landscape1 and soon after married the handsome ,margaret ,burr1 who brought an annuity of #bjj4 ,still he studied hard1 and his fame extended4 ,it was in #aggd1 after thirty-three years1 he returned to the metropolis1 his fame having long preceded him4 ,with a splendid income1 he occupied ,schomberg ,house1 ,pall ,mall1 at a rental of #cjj a year4 ,here there was much demand upon his industry by royalty1 peers1 and commoners4 ,he died in ,august1 #aghh1 in the sixty-second year of his age4 ,,the ,,conceited ,,alderman4 ,gainsborough was one day painting the portrait of a rich citizen1 who told the painter that he had come in his new five-guinea wig4 ,his manner and his attempts to look pretty had such an effect upon the artist1 it was with the greatest difficulty he was prevented laughing in his face4 ,at length1 when the worthy alderman begged he would not overlook the dimple in his chin1 his manner was so simpering that no power of his face could withstand it2 ,gainsborough burst into an immoderate fit of laughter1 threw his pencils on the floor1 and d--ning the dimple1 declared he could not paint that or the alderman either1 and never touched the picture more4 ,,the ,,artist',s ,,independence4 ,a gentleman being disappointed at not receiving his picture1 called upon the painter1 and inquired of the porter in a loud voice1 8,has that fellow1 ,gainsborough1 finished my portrait80 ,he was shown into the studio1 where he beheld his portrait1 and was much pleased with it4 ,after ordering the artist to send it home forthwith1 he added1 8,i may as well give you a cheque for the other fifty guineas40 8,stay a minute10 said ,gainsborough1 8it just wants a finishing stroke20 and snatching up a background brush1 he dashed it across the smiling features1 indignantly exclaiming1 8,sir1 where is my fellow now80 ,,his ,,letter ,,to ,,the ,,duke ,,of ,,bedford4 8,,my ,,lord ,,duke1--,a most worthy1 honest man1 and one of the greatest geniuses for musical compositions ,england ever produced1 is now in ,london1 and has got two or three members of parliament along with him out of ,devonshire1 to make application for one of the receivers of the land-tax of that county1 now resigned by a very old man1 one ,mr4 ,haddy4 ,his name is ,william ,jackson2 lives at ,exeter2 and for his plainness1 truth1 and ingenuity1 at the same time1 is beloved as no man ever was4 ,your grace has doubtless heard his compositions2 but he is no fiddler1 your grace may take my word for it4 ,he is extremely clever and good1 is a married man with a young family1 and is qualified over and over for the place2 has got friends of fortune who will be bound for him in any sum2 and they are all making application to ,his ,grace the ,duke of ,grafton to get him the place4 ,but1 my ,lord ,duke1 ,i told him they could not do it without me2 that ,i must write to your grace about it4 ,he is at ,mr4 ,arnold's1 in ,norfolk ,street1 in the ,strand2 and if your grace would be pleased to think of it1 ,i should be ever bound to pray for your grace4 ,your grace knows that ,i am an original1 and therefore1 ,i hope1 will be the more ready to pardon this monstrous freedom from your grace's1 etc41 ,,thomas ,,gainsborough40 ,,mrs4 ,,siddons',s ,,nose4 ,mrs4 ,siddons sat for her portrait to ,mr4 ,scott1 of ,north ,britain1 who observed1 the nose gave him great trouble4 8,ah60 said the great actress1 8,gainsborough was a good deal troubled the same way4 ,he had altered and varied the shape a long while1 when at last he threw down the pencil1 exclaiming1 #8,d--n the nose6 there is no end to it4'0 ,the pun was applicable1 as that lady had a long nose4 ,,conclusive ,,evidence4 ,a neighbour1 having his garden robbed on several occasions1 could never hit upon the thief4 ,it happened one morning early1 the painter1 then a mere boy1 walked in the garden sketching1 when he observed a man pop his head over the garden wall4 ,being unobserved1 the young artist had sufficient time to sketch the robber's head1 and from its accuracy1 on showing it to a neighbour1 the fellow was immediately recognised as living in the neighbourhood1 and was accordingly apprehended4 ,,the ,,german ,,professor4 ,the painter gave all the hours of intermission in his profession to fiddles and rebecs4 ,his musical taste was very great2 and he himself thought he was not intended by nature for a painter1 but for a musician4 ,happening to see a theorbo in a picture of ,vandyke's1 he concluded it must be a fine instrument4 ,he recollected to have heard of a ,german professor2 and1 ascending to his garret1 found him dining on roasted apples1 and smoking his pipe1 with his theorbo beside him4 8,i am come to buy your lute--name your price1 and here's your money40 8,i cannot sell my lute40 8,no1 not for a guinea or two2--but you must sell it1 ,i tell you40 8,my lute is worth much money--it is worth ten guineas40 8,aye1 that it is6--see1 here's the money40 ,so saying1 he took up the instrument1 laid down the price1 went half-way downstairs1 and returned4 8,i have done but half my errand2 what is your lute worth if ,i have not your book80 8,what book1 ,master ,gainsborough80 8,why1 the book of airs you have composed for the lute40 8,ah1 sir1 ,i can never part with my book60 8,pooh6 you can make another at any time--this is the book ,i mean--there's ten guineas for it2 so1 once more1 good day40 ,he went down a few steps1 and returned again4 8,what use is your book to me if ,i don't understand it8--and your lute--you may take it again if you won't teach me to play on it4 ,come home with me1 and give me the first lesson40 8,i will come to-morrow40 8,you must come now40 8,i must dress myself40 8,for what8 ,you are the best figure ,i have seen to-day40 8,i must shave1 sir40 8,i honour your beard40 8,i must1 however1 put on my wig40 8,d--n your wig6 ,your cap and beard become you6 ,do you think if ,vandyke was to paint you1 he'd let you be shaved80 ,,the ,,artist',s ,,retort ,,to ,,the ,,lawyer4 ,having to attend as a witness in an action brought by ,desenfans against ,vandergucht1 both devotees to art1 the painter was asked by the cross-examining counsel whether he did not think there was something necessary besides the eye to regulate an artist's opinion respecting a picture8 8,i believe10 replied ,gainsborough1 8the veracity and integrity of a painter's eye is at least equal to a pleader's tongue40 ,illustration ,,gordon 7,,sir ,,john ,,watson71 ,r4,a4 ,sir ,j4 ,w4 ,gordon was born in ,edinburgh in #aghh4 ,he was intended by his father1 ,captain ,watson1 for the ,engineers1 but pending arrangements for his entering that service he was allowed to attend the ,trustees' ,academy1 under ,graham1 where he showed so much promise1 that it was decided he should try his skill as an artist4 ,in #ahjh he sent a picture of a subject from 8,the ,lay of the ,last ,minstrel0 to the first public exhibition of paintings in ,edinburgh1 which was opened in that year2 and contributed to most of the exhibitions held since4 ,never having studied or been abroad1 he received his education in the art from the celebrated ,graham1 master of ,wilkie1 ,allan1 and others4 ,in #ahbf1 he assumed the name of ,gordon for the purpose1 it is said1 of distinguishing his paintings from the other ,watsons1 who contributed at that time to the ,edinburgh ,exhibition4 ,he first exhibited at the ,royal ,academy in #ahbg1 and was elected ,associate in #ahda4 ,in #ahej1 he was unanimously chosen ,president of the ,royal ,scottish ,academy1 appointed ,limner to ,her ,majesty1 and received the honour of knighthood4 ,the next year he was elected a ,royal ,academician4 ,his industry at his art was continued till within a few weeks of his death1 on #ast ,june1 #ahfd1 aged seventy-six years4 ,,lord ,,palmerston ,,and ,,the ,,artist4 8,it was before ,i had a name10 said ,mr4 ,gordon1 looking round the room in true story-teller style4 8,i had exhibited for several years1 but without any particular success4 ,one year1 however--the year before ,i painted #8,the ,corsicans'--,lord ,palmerston took a sudden fancy to my picture1 called #8,summer in the ,lowlands1' and bought it at a high figure4 ,his lordship at the same time made inquiries after the artist1 and invited me to call upon him4 ,i waited upon his lordship accordingly3 he complimented me upon the picture2 but there was one thing about it he could not understand4 #8,what is that1 my lord8' ,i asked4 #8,that there should be such long grass in a field where there are so many sheep1' said his lordship promptly1 and with a merry twinkle of the eye4 ,it was a decided hit this2 and having bought the picture and paid for it1 he was entitled to his joke4 #8,how do you account for it8' he went on1 smiling1 and looking first at the picture and then at me4 #8,those sheep1 my lord1' ,i replied1 #8were only turned into that field the night before ,i finished the picture4' ,his lordship laughed heartily1 and said1 #8,bravo6' at my reply1 and gave me a commission for two more pictures2 and ,i have cashed since then some very notable cheques of his--dear old boy60--,belgravia ,magazine4 ,illustration ,,harlowe 7,,george ,,henry74 ,harlowe1 the painter1 was born in the parish of ,st4 ,james's1 ,westminster1 in #aghg4 ,he was a posthumous child1 but his mother took great care of his education1 and allowed him to follow the bent of his inclination for the arts1 which he studied1 first under ,drummond1 and next under ,sir ,thomas ,lawrence4 ,he was dismissed by ,sir ,thomas in consequence of claiming as his own a picture ,sir ,thomas employed him to dead colour4 ,he revenged himself by painting a caricature of ,lawrence's style on a signboard at ,epsom1 and signed it1 8,t4 ,l41 ,greek ,st41 ,soho40 ,on leaving ,sir ,thomas's employ1 ,harlowe made arrangements and started for ,italy4 ,previous1 however1 to his going abroad1 he painted some historical pictures of great merit1 particularly one of ,henry ,,viii41 ,queen ,catherine1 and ,cardinal ,wolsey4 ,during his residence at ,rome in #ahah1 he made a copy of ,raphael's 8,transfiguration10 and executed a composition of his own1 which was exhibited by ,canova1 and afterwards at the academy of ,st4 ,luke's4 ,he died soon after his return to ,england1 ,january #bh1 #ahai4 ,,taking ,a ,,likeness ,,under ,,difficulties4 ,harlowe was very eccentric1 and not a little affected4 ,he used to go to dinner parties in the dress of a field-officer1 and he was always ambitious of being taken for a military man4 ,john ,kemble disliked the man and his affectations so much1 that he refused1 even at the request of ,sir ,thomas ,lawrence1 to sit to ,harlowe1 giving as his only reason--8,i do not like that man40 ,harlowe was engaged at this time on his celebrated picture of ,queen ,catherine1 and finding the grave actor persisted in his refusal to sit1 he went to the theatre when ,kemble played ,wolsey1 and seating himself in front of the stage-box1 made sketches of his face in every change of its expression1 and from them composed the likeness in the picture1 which1 it is needless to say1 is the best portrait of ,kemble ever painted4 ,harlowe used afterwards to say1 in speaking of this1 8,by ,g--1 ,i painted that portrait so well out of revenge40 ,illustration ,,haydon 7,,benjamin ,,robert74 ,benjamin ,robert ,haydon was born on the #beth ,january1 #aghf4 ,in common with most true artists1 young ,haydon early displayed an overpowering love for art4 ,one of his most favourite studies is said to have been drawing the guillotine1 with ,louis taking leave of the people4 ,at the age of thirteen he was taken to the grammar school at ,plympton--the same at which ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds was educated4 ,from thence he was sent to ,exeter1 to study book-keeping1 and at the end of six months was bound to his father for seven years4 ,within a short time of his signing his indentures1 it was evident to both his father and his friends that young ,haydon would never do as a tradesman4 ,after much dissuasion1 and against all remonstrance1 ,haydon collected his books and colours1 packed up his things1 and started for ,london1 in ,may1 #ahjd4 ,he took lodgings at #cdb1 ,strand1 and for nine months he saw nothing but his books1 his casts1 and his drawings4 ,he was introduced by ,prince ,hoare to ,northcote1 ,opie1 and ,fuseli2 and it was the latter who got the young artist into the ,academy4 ,while studying at the ,academy he became acquainted with ,sachom and ,wilkie4 ,in #ahjg1 ,haydon's first picture of 8,joseph and ,mary resting on the road to ,egypt10 appeared4 ,about this time his devotion to his art was very close4 ,he rose as soon as he woke--be it three1 four1 or five1--when he would draw at anatomy until eight2 in chalk from nine till one1 and from half-past one till five2 then walked1 dined1 and to anatomy again from seven to ten and eleven4 ,wilkie had obtained for the young artist a commission from ,lord ,mulgrave for 8,dentatus40 ,having delayed the painting some months1 ,haydon in #ahjh removed his lodgings to #da1 ,great ,marlborough ,street1 when he began the noble lord's commission in earnest4 ,in this year he first saw the ,elgin marbles1 and he thus expresses his admiration of them3 8,i felt the future2 ,i foretold that they would prove themselves the finest things on earth--that they would overturn the false beau ideal1 where nature was nothing1 and would establish the true beau ideal1 of which nature alone is the basis4 ,i felt as if a divine truth had blazed inwardly upon my mind1 and ,i knew they would at last rouse the art of ,europe from its slumber in the darkness40 ,his 8,dentatus0 brought him a prize of one hundred guineas from the ,british ,institution4 ,his next picture1 8,macbeth10 he was not so successful with1 and did not get the prize that the painter had expected3 to make things worse1 he relieved himself by quarrelling with the ,academy and painting 8,solomon40 ,he then began that system of getting into debt1 which was the curse of his whole after-life4 ,his usual companions were ,hazlitt1 the ,hunts1 ,barnes 7of the ,times71 ,jackson1 ,charles ,lamb1 and ,john ,scott4 ,his 8,solomon0 was so far a success1 that it was sold for six hundred guineas4 ,also the ,british ,institution voted one hundred guineas to him as a mark of their admiration of this picture4 ,in #ahbj he finished his celebrated picture 8,entry of ,christ into ,jerusalem40 ,by exhibiting this picture in town1 ,haydon made a clear profit of #abih4 ,he then set to work to finish his picture 8,christ in the ,garden10 and to sketch his 8,lazarus30 the latter he determined should be his grandest and largest work4 ,having recently married1 he wrote on the last day of #ahba as follows3 8,i don't know how it is1 but ,i get less reflective as ,i get older4 ,i seem to take things as they come1 without much care4 ,in early life everything1 being new1 excites thought4 ,as nothing is new when a man is thirty-five1 one thinks less4 ,or1 perhaps1 being married to my dearest ,mary1 and having no longer anything to hope in love1 ,i get more contented with my lot1 which1 ,god knows1 is rapturous beyond imagination4 ,here ,i sit sketching1 with the loveliest face before me1 smiling and laughing1 and solitude is not4 ,marriage has increased my happiness beyond expression4 ,in the intervals of study1 a few minutes' conversation with a creature one loves is the greatest of all reliefs4 ,god bless us both6 ,my pecuniary difficulties are still great2 but my love is intense1 my ambition intense1 and my hope in ,god's protection cheering40 ,but the remainder of the painter's life--#be years--was one dark cloud1 here and there relieved by momentary rays of sunshine4 ,always in debt2 always in danger2 always pestered by lawyers and arrests4 ,it has been with truth observed1 that upon one half of ,haydon's income1 many a better man than he had lived4 ,in #ahce we find him lecturing at ,mechanics' ,institutions in the provinces1 which for a time was a pecuniary success4 ,but he was too deeply involved in the expensive fashions and gaieties of ,may ,fair2 and again we find him in the ,king's ,bench4 ,three more years of fearful struggle brought him to the fearful tragedy which shocked the country on the #bbnd of ,june1 #ahdf4 ,having returned from an early walk1 ,haydon entered his painting-room1 and wrote in his diary3 8,god forgive me6 ,amen4 ,finis of ,b4 ,r4 ,,haydon4 #8,stretch me no longer on the rough world4'--,lear4 ,end of twenty-sixth volume40 8,before eleven10 says ,tom ,taylor1 8the hand that wrote it was stiff and cold in self-inflicted death40 ,,introduction ,,to ,,fuseli4 8,calling at ,fuseli's house10 says ,haydon1 8the door was opened by the maid4 ,i followed her into a gallery or show-room1 enough to frighten anybody at twilight4 ,galvanized devils2 malicious witches1 brewing their incantations2 ,satan bridging ,chaos1 and springing upwards1 like a pyramid of fire2 ,lady ,macbeth1 ,carlo and ,francisco1 ,falstaff and ,mrs4 ,quickly--humour1 pathos1 terror1 blood and murder1 met one at every look4 ,i expected the floor to give way3 ,i fancied ,fuseli himself to be a giant4 ,i heard his footsteps1 and saw a little bony hand slide round the edge of the door1 followed by a little white-headed1 lean-faced man1 in an old flannel dressing-gown1 tied round the waist with a piece of rope1 and upon his head the bottom of ,mrs4 ,fuseli's work-basket4 #8,well1 well1' thought ,i1 #8,i am a match for you at any rate1 if bewitching is tried2' but all apprehension vanished1 on his saying in the mildest and kindest way1 #8,well1 ,mr4 ,haydon1 ,i have heard a great deal of you from ,mr4 ,hoare4 ,where are your drawings8' ,in a fright1 ,i gave him the wrong book1 with a sketch of some men pushing a cask into a grocer's shop4 ,fuseli smiled1 and said1 #8,well1 de fellow does his business at least with energy6' ,i was gratified at his being pleased in spite of my mistake4444 ,he 7,fuseli7 was about five feet five inches in height1 had a compact little form1 stood firmly at his easel1 painted with his left hand1 never held his palette upon his thumb1 but kept it upon his stone1 and being very near-sighted1 and too vain to wear glasses1 used to dab his beastly brush into the oil1 and sweeping round the palette in the dark1 take up a great lump of white1 red1 or blue1 as it might be1 and plaster it over a shoulder or a face4 ,sometimes in his blindness he would make a hideous smear of ,prussian blue on his flesh1 and then perhaps1 discovering his mistake1 take a bit of red to darken it2 and then1 prying close in1 turn round and say1 #8,ah1 dat is a fine purple6 ,it is really like ,correggio2' and then1 all of a sudden1 he would burst out with a quotation from ,homer1 ,tasso1 ,dante1 ,ovid1 ,virgil1 or perhaps the ,niebelungen ,lied1 and thunder round with #8,paint dat6'444 ,i found him10 continues ,haydon1 8the most grotesque mixture of literature1 art1 scepticism1 indelicacy1 profanity and kindness3 he put me in mind of ,archiman1 in ,spenser4 ,weak minds he destroyed4 ,they mistook his wit for reason1 his indelicacy for breeding1 his swearing for manliness1 and his infidelity for strength of mind2 but he was accomplished in elegant literature1 and had the art of inspiring young minds with high and grand views40 ,,london ,,smoke4 ,haydon observed to ,fuseli3 8,so far from the smoke of ,london being offensive to me1 it has always been to my imagination the sublime canopy that shrouds the city of the world4 ,drifted by the wind1 or hanging in gloomy grandeur over the vastness of our ,babylon1 the sight of it always filled my mind with feelings of energy1 such as no other spectacle could inspire40 8,be ,gode10 added ,fuseli1 8it's like the smoke of the ,israelites making bricks40 8,it is grander10 rejoined the other2 8for it is the smoke of a people who would have made the ,egyptians make bricks for them40 ,,haydon',s ,,description ,,of ,,the ,,british ,,school ,,of ,,painters4 8,never were four men so essentially different as ,west1 ,fuseli1 ,flaxman1 and ,stothard4 ,fuseli's was undoubtedly the mind of the largest range2 ,west was an eminent macchinista of the second rank2 ,flaxman and ,stothard were purer designers than either4 ,barry and ,reynolds were before my time2 but ,johnson said1 in ,barry's #8,adelphi' #8there was a grasp of mind you found nowhere else1' which was true4 ,though ,fuseli had more imagination and conception than ,reynolds1 though ,west put things together quicker than either1 though ,flaxman and ,stothard did what ,reynolds could not do1 and ,hogarth invented a style never thought of before in the world1 yet1 as a great and practical artist1 in which all the others were greatly defective1 producing occasional fancy pictures of great beauty1 and occasional desperate struggles in high art1 with great faults1 ,reynolds is unquestionably the greatest artist of the ,british ,school1 and the greatest artist in ,europe since ,rembrandt and ,velasquez40 ,illustration ,,hayman 7,,francis71 ,r4,a4 ,francis ,hayman was born in ,exeter in the year #agjh4 ,he studied under ,mr4 ,robert ,brown1 portrait painter4 ,he has been described as meriting the honour of being placed at the head of the ,english ,school of ,historical ,painters4 ,by his agreeable manners he became intimate with the bon vivants of the age in which he lived4 ,being introduced to ,fleetwood1 the then manager of ,drury ,lane1 he painted his scenes1 and after the manager's death married his widow4 ,in ,pasquin's 8,royal ,academicians10 we have the following remarks upon this painter1 8,in the great point of professional taste1 ,hayman could not be arranged as exemplary4 ,yet ,i have many doubts if taste is in any instance wholly intuitive2 and am inclined to think that we acquire taste by the progressive movements of early perception1 which1 by frequent subtle inroads upon the mind1 make1 in the issue1 an establishment1 and give a system and a hue to thought4 ,we may discover original genius in a savage1 but never any symptom of that correct association of idea and action which constitute that practical excellence which we denominate taste40 ,hayman died ,february #bnd1 #aggf4 ,,gluttony4 ,hayman was noted for his eating4 ,when an apprentice1 he and his fellow apprentices 7some of whose appetites were but little inferior7 used to dine at a public-house in the neighbourhood of the ,mansion ,house4 ,instead of declining to treat with them1 the shrewd landlord used to observe1 8,i should be absolutely ruined by those young painters1 but for one circumstance1 which is1 that their extraordinary appetites have become objects of great celebrity and curiosity in this quarter of the ,city1 where we are such judges of those things3 the consequence of which is that every day we have a gormandizing exhibition1 and my house is full of spectators to see the ,great ,eaters3 the company then retire to my other rooms to talk the matter over2 conversation produces thirst2 and therefore ,i make up by the sale of my liquor for my loss by the devastation of my edibles4 ,long life to the painters1 ,i say6 ,may their appetites increase with the diminution of what they feed on60 ,,marquis ,,of ,,granby ,,and ,,the ,,noble ,,art4 ,being of a lively temper and attached to boxing1 the painter frequently recommended the 8noble art0 to his sitters1 in order to give a vivacity to the features4 ,while painting the picture of the celebrated ,marquis of ,granby1 also an admirer of the stimulating exercise with the gloves1 the invitation was given and accepted for a few rounds1 and at it they went4 ,the contest soon grew warm1 and the uproar soon attracted all the inmates of the house1 who1 much alarmed1 rushed into the room1 and beheld the pugilistic peer and painter rolling about and mauling each other like enraged bears4 ,pictures1 palettes1 the easel1 and the other furniture of an artist's room1 were scattered in dire confusion4 ,a few minutes sufficed to smooth their ruffled feathers1 and replace the furniture2 after which the marquis took his place in high spirits1 and ,hayman gave the finishing touch to the picture4 ,,the ,,painter',s ,,friendship ,,for ,,quin4 ,in #agee1 ,hayman etched a small quarto plate of ,quin1 the actor1 in the character of ,falstaff1 seated on a drum in a swaggering attitude1 with his right elbow resting upon the hilt of his sword1 by the side of the body of ,hotspur4 ,quin and ,hayman were inseparable friends1 and so convivial that they seldom parted till daylight4 ,one night1 after 8beating the rounds10 and making themselves gloriously drunk1 they attempted1 arm in arm1 to cross a kennel1 into which they both fell4 ,when they had remained there a minute or two1 ,hayman1 sprawling out his shambling legs1 kicked ,quin4 8,holloa6 what are you at now80 stuttered ,quin4 8,at8 why1 endeavouring to get up1 to be sure10 replied the painter2 8for this don't suit my palate40 8,pooh60 replied ,quin1 8remain where you are2 the watchman will come by shortly1 and he will take us both up40 ,illustration ,,hogarth 7,,william74 ,william ,hogarth1 who has been called 8,the ,painting ,moralist10 was born in ,london1 in #afig4 ,his father was a fine scholar1 and his chief dependence was from the produce of his pen2 and the son testifies to 8the cruel treatment his father met with from booksellers and printers40 ,in his anecdotes of himself1 he says3 8,besides the natural turn ,i had for drawing1 rather than learning languages1 ,i had before my eyes the precarious situation of men of classical education4444 ,it was1 therefore1 conformable to my own wishes that ,i was taken from school1 and served a long apprenticeship to a silver-plate engraver40 ,it was during his apprenticeship1 about the year #agag1 he executed a small oval illustration of ,pope's ,rape of the ,lock1 which was much praised1 and brought the young artist many admirers4 ,the following year1 his apprenticeship having expired1 he entered the ,academy in ,st4 ,martin's ,lane1 and studied drawing from the life4 ,he supported himself by engraving for the booksellers1 and by all accounts a very hard time he had of it4 ,in #agba1 his father died 8of an illness10 the son says1 8occasioned partly by the treatment he received from this sort of people 7booksellers71 and partly by disappointment from great men's promises40 ,and in another place he complains1 8,but here1 again1 ,i had to encounter a monopoly of printsellers1 equally mean and obstructive to the ingenious2 for the first plate ,i published1 called the ,taste of the ,town1 in which the reigning follies were lashed1 had no sooner begun to take a run1 than ,i found copies of it in the print-shops1 vending at half-price2 and ,i was thus obliged to sell the plate for whatever these pirates pleased to give me1 as there was no place of sale but at their shops40 ,and thus1 until nearly thirty years of age1 this great genius earned hardly enough to maintain himself4 ,it was in the year #agbc that the artist first turned his attention to the stage1 and discovered his real genius in his satirical talents4 ,after one or two caricatures his genius was quickly recognised1 and his adverse circumstances were at an end4 ,in #agbf he invented and engraved the set of twelve large prints for ,hudibras4 ,he married1 in #agbi1 the daughter of ,sir ,james ,thornhill1 the painter1 though without ,sir ,james's consent2 but1 after two years1 seeing the rising reputation of the young painter1 and at the earnest entreaties of others1 the offended parent forgave the couple4 ,being reconciled with ,sir ,james1 ,hogarth took up his brush and began portrait painting4 ,about this time he says of himself3 8,i married and commenced painter of small conversation-pieces1 from twelve to fifteen inches high4 ,this1 having novelty1 succeeded for a few years4 ,but though it gave somewhat more scope for the fancy1 it was still but a less kind of drudgery2 and as ,i could not bring myself to act like some of my brethren1 and make it a sort of manufactory1 to be carried on by the help of backgrounds and drapery painters1 it was not sufficiently profitable to pay the expenses my family required4 ,i therefore turned my thoughts to a still more novel mode--to painting and engraving modern moral subjects--a field not broken up in any country or any age40 ,his first painting is said to have been a representation of ,wanstead ,assembly1 painted for ,lord ,castlemaine2 which1 meeting with much favourable notice1 led him to painting portraits4 ,this part of the profession was not at all suited to the artist's peculiar genius2 though ,nichols says of ,hogarth's attempts3 8,he was not1 however1 lucky in all his resemblances1 and has sometimes failed where a crowd of other artists have succeeded40 ,after surprising the country with the production of his great genius as an artist for many years1 in #agec he appeared in the character of author1 and published a quarto volume entitled1 8,the ,analysis of ,beauty1 written with a view of fixing the fluctuating ,ideas of ,taste40 ,wherein he shows1 by a variety of examples1 that a curve is the line of beauty1 and round swelling figures are most pleasing to the eye4 ,walpole1 commenting upon this production from the pen of the artist1 observes3 8,it has many sensible hints and observations2 but it did not carry the conviction1 nor meet the universal acquiescence he expected4 ,as he treated his contemporaries with scorn1 they triumphed over this publication1 and irritated him to expose him4 ,many wretched burlesque prints came out to ridicule his system4 ,there was a better answer to it in one of the two prints that he gave to illustrate his hypothesis4 ,in the ball1 had he confined himself to such outlines as compose awkwardness and deformity1 he would have proved half his affection2 but he has added two samples of grace in a young lord and lady1 that are strikingly stiff and affected4 ,they are a ,bath beau and a country beauty40 ,it should be added that neither as artist nor author did ,hogarth ever receive flattery from the pen of the courtly ,walpole4 ,hogarth died on the #beth ,october1 #agfd4 ,,wilkes ,,and ,,churchill4 ,in ,mr4 ,thomas ,wright's work1 8,england under the ,house of ,hanover10 that writer thus describes the caricature drawn upon the artist by his quarrel with ,wilkes and ,churchill3-- 8,they hold him up now as the pensioned dauber of the unpopular ,lord ,bute1 and the calumniator of the friends of liberty4 ,in one entitled1 #8,the ,beautifyer3 a ,touch upon the ,times1' ,hogarth is represented upon a huge platform1 daubing an immense boot 7the constant emblem of the obnoxious minister71 while1 in his awkwardness he bespatters ,pitt and ,temple1 who happen to be below4 ,this is a parody on ,hogarth's own satire on ,pope4 ,beneath the scaffold is a tub full of ,auditors1 ,monitors1 etc41 labelled #8,the ,charm3 ,beautifying ,wash4' ,a print entitled #8,the ,bruiser ,triumphant1' represents ,hogarth as an ass1 painting the ,bruiser1 while ,wilkes comes behind1 and places horns on his head1--an allusion to some scandalous intimations in the ,north ,briton4 ,churchill1 in the garb of a parson1 is writing ,hogarth's life4 ,a number of other attributes and allusions fill the picture4 8,a caricature entitled #8,tit for ,tat' represents ,hogarth painting ,wilkes1 with the unfortunate picture of ,sigismunda in the distance4 ,another1 #8,tit for ,tat1 ,invt4 et del4 by ,g4 ,o',garth1--according to act or order is not material1' represents the painter partly clad in ,scotch garb1 with the line of beauty on his palette1 glorifying a boot surmounted by a thistle4 ,the painter is saying to himself1 #8,anything for money3 ,i'll gild this ,scotch sign1 and make it look glorious2 and ,i'll daub the other sign1 and efface its beauty1 and make it as black as a ,jack ,boot4' ,on another easel is a portrait of ,wilkes1 #8,defaced by order of ,o',garth1 and in the foreground #8a smutch-pot to sully the best and most exalted characters4' ,in another print1 #8,pug1 the snarling cur1' is being severely chastised by ,wilkes and ,churchill4 ,in another he is baited by the bear and dog2 and in the background is a large panel1 with the inscription1 #8,panel-painting4' ,in one print1 ,hogarth is represented going for his pension of #cjj a year1 and carrying as his vouchers the prints of #8,the ,times1' and ,wilkes1 #8,i can paint an angel black1 and the devil white1 just as it suits me4' #8,an answer to the print of ,john ,wilkes1 ,esq41' represents ,hogarth with his colour-pot1 inscribed #8,colour to blacken fair characters2' he is treading on the cap of liberty with his cloven foot2 and an inscription says1 #8#cjj per annum for distorting features4' 8,several other prints equally bitter against him1 besides a number of caricatures against the ,government1 under the fictitious names of ,o',garth1 ,hoggart1 ,hog-ass1 etc41 must have assisted in irritating the persecuted painter40 ,,garrick',s ,,generosity4 ,the following anecdote of the mode by which the great actor became possessed of some of ,hogarth's celebrated pictures has been vouched as genuine3 the pictures consisted of ,the ,entertainment1 ,the ,canvass1 ,the ,poll1 and ,the ,chairing4 8,when ,hogarth had finished them1 he went to ,garrick1 with whom he was on very intimate terms1 and told him he had completed them2 adding1 #8,it does not appear likely that ,i shall find a purchaser1 as ,i value them at two hundred guineas2 ,i therefore intend to dispose of them by a raffle among my friends1 and ,i hope you will put down your name4' ,garrick told him he would consider of it1 and call on him the next day4 ,he accordingly did so1 and having conversed with ,hogarth for some time1 put down his name for five or ten guineas1 and took his leave4 ,he had scarcely got into the street1 when 7as ,mrs4 ,garrick1 from whom the story is derived1 stated7 he began a soliloquy to the following effect3 #8,what have ,i been doing8 ,i have just put down my name for a few guineas at ,mr4 ,hogarth's request1 and as his friend2 but now he must still go to another friend1 and then to another3 to how many must he still apply before he gets a sufficient number8 ,this is mere begging2 and should such a man as ,hogarth be suffered to beg8 ,am ,i not his friend8' ,the result was1 that he instantly turned back1 and purchased those fine pictures at the price of #bjj guineas1 which the artist himself had fixed40 ,hogarth's principal object in painting them1 like his other great works1 was for the purpose of copying them by engravings4 ,they were published by subscription at two guineas the set4 ,for the first plate of ,the ,entertainment he had #dfa subscribers at #ajs4 #f;d42 and for the three others only #afe subscribers2 so that there were #bif names to the first who did not subscribe to the other three4 ,,caricature4 ,on a lady expressing a wish to ,hogarth to learn the secret of caricature1 he replied1 with much earnestness1 8,alas6 young lady1 it is not a faculty to be envied4 ,take my advice and never draw caricature3 by the long practice of it ,i have lost the enjoyment of beauty4 ,i never see a face but distorted2 ,i never have the satisfaction to behold the human face divine40 ,,wilkes4 ,writing to his friend ,churchill1 ,wilkes says3 8,i take it for granted you have seen ,hogarth's print against me4 ,was ever anything so contemptible8 ,i think he is fairly felo de se4 ,i think not to let him off in that manner1 although ,i might safely leave him to your notes4 ,he has broken into my pale of private life1 and set that example of illiberality which ,i wished--of that kind of attack which is ungenerous in the first instance1 but justice in the return40 ,,hogarth',s ,,conceit4 ,at a dinner party ,hogarth was told that ,mr4 ,john ,freke had asserted that ,dr4 ,maurice ,greene was as eminent in musical composition as ,handel4 8,that fellow ,freke10 said ,hogarth1 8is always shooting his bolt absurdly1 one way or another4 ,handel is a giant in music2 ,greene only a light ,florimel kind of composer40 8,aye10 rejoined the other1 8but at the same time ,mr4 ,freke declared you were as good a portrait painter as ,vandyke40 8,there he was right10 replied the artist2 8and so1 by ,g--1 ,i am1--give me my time1 and let me choose my subject40 ,,an ,,ugly ,,sitter4 ,it happened1 in the early part of ,hogarth's life1 that a nobleman1 who was uncommonly ugly and deformed1 came to sit to him for his picture4 ,it was executed with a skill that did honour to the artist's abilities2 but the likeness was rigidly observed1 without even the necessary attention to compliment or flattery4 ,the peer1 disgusted at this counterpart of his dear self1 never once thought of paying for a reflector that would only insult him with his deformities4 ,some time was suffered to elapse before the artist applied for his money2 but afterwards many applications were made by him 7who had then no need of a banker7 for payment1 without success4 ,the painter1 however1 at last hit upon an expedient1 which he knew must alarm the nobleman's pride1 and by that means answer his purpose4 ,he sent him the following card3-- 8,mr4 ,hogarth's dutiful respects to ,lord ----2 finding that he does not mean to have the picture which was drawn for him1 is informed again of ,mr4 ,h4's necessity for the money2 if1 therefore1 his lordship does not send for it in three days1 it will be disposed of1 with the addition of a tail1 and some other little appendages1 to ,mr4 ,hare1 the famous wild-beast man2 ,mr4 ,h4 having given that gentleman a conditional promise of it for an exhibition picture1 on his lordship's refusal40 ,this intimation had the desired effect4 ,it was sent home and committed to the flames4 ,illustration ,,hoppner 7,,john71 ,r4,a4 ,john ,hoppner was born in ,london1 in the year #agei4 ,in the earlier part of his life1 it was his good fortune to associate with some of the most brilliant characters of the age4 ,he applied himself closely to the study of the works of ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 and was1 in many points1 successful in imitating that celebrated portrait-painter's beauties4 ,on his first using the brush1 he is described as possessing much confidence1 with little ability4 ,edward ,dayes1 in his 8,modern ,artists10 in estimating the works of ,hoppner1 says3-- 8,this artist is the best of all the imitators of ,sir ,joshua1 and would deserve great praise1 were his pictures his own2 but so far is that from being the case1 that they are composed from the prints of ,reynolds2 and the attitudes of the sitters made to answer as well as circumstances will permit4 ,it is truly astonishing that any one can lose sight of the charms of that great mistress of the art1 ,nature1 and tread servilely in the footsteps of any man1 however exalted his rank4 ,the loss of ambition is a sure sign of the decline of the arts2 as1 where every one is content to follow1 no one will get before4 ,when a great man appears1 weak minds are apt to seek for the rules of art in his works1 instead of applying to ,nature3 this is precisely the case of this artist2 he has not a wish1 or an inquiry to make1 that does not end in ,reynolds1--forgetting the old proverb1 that when two men ride on a horse1 one must be behind4 ,his colouring is clear and bright1 his handling free2 his small pictures are by far the best40 ,hoppner died in ,charles ,street1 ,st4 ,james's ,square1 on the #bcrd ,january1 #ahaj4 ,,an ,,eccentric ,,customer4 ,the following humorous anecdote is given in the ,literary ,gazette1 #ahbf1 as related by ,hoppner1 to his friend ,coombe3 ,a loyal banker dropped in upon the painter1 to negociate for a family picture4 ,it happened in the memorable epoch of 8life and property men10 when ,london was to be thatched with silver1 and paved with gold4 8,well1 sir1 your most obedient1 ,mister ,painter10 said the squire banker1 looking around1 8,sir1 yours10 returned the painter1 bowing low4 ,the banker was a fine1 portly1 pompous-looking citizen1 a good subject to his ,majesty1 and no bad subject as a sitter1 though it happened that he sat not4 8,well1 ,mister ,painter1 sir1 you have some fine pieces here1 sir4 ,pray sir1 a--what may be the value of that80 pointing to a whole length of an admiral4 8,my price for that is two hundred guineas40 8,so60 ejaculated the banker2 8a fine1 noble-looking fellow1 'pon my word--very heroical indeed6 ,ah6 ,mister ,painter1 they are our great wooden walls1 our prime bull-works4 ,this is the land for such seamen--old ,england1 hey1 sir6 and those who don't like it1 why let 'em leave it3 that's my toast1 sir4 ,but to the point1 sir3 my business is to negociate1 look you1 for a large family piece1--myself1 my wife1 and my boys and girls2 a fine family1 as you shall see1 sir1--the same number as his ,majesty's1 ,god bless him6 ,now1 what is your charge for such a collection8--group1 ,i think you painters call it40 8,i cannot exactly answer that1 within five hundred pounds or so10 replied the painter4 8,wheugh-h-h60 whistled the banker4 8,what1 sir1 five hundred pounds80 8,such a subject requires study1 sir1 great studying--as how----0 8,pooh6 pooh6 study1 ,mister ,painter8 true1 sir1 but you have not studied ,cocker1 sir1 hey8 ha1 ha1 ha60 8,why1 sir1 such a work requires consideration4 ,i should like first to be allowed to see your family1 sir--and then--how to dispose of so many persons--how to employ them1 and--and--0 8,oh1 my good sir1 ,i'll save you that trouble2 that is already settled1 my good sir3--we are to be painted on our lawn1 with a harpsichord1 and all singing ,god save the ,king40 ,,the ,,alderman',s ,,lady4 ,from a volume of the ,literary ,gazette1 #ahbf1 we extract the following3 8,there are faces10 ,hoppner observed1 8without features1 and features without faces40 ,an alderman's lady says1 8,la6 ,mr4 ,hoppner1 ,sir ,john looks too grave40 8,why1 madam1 'tis the only way to make a sitter escape looking like a fool40 8,but why not make ,sir ,john smile80 8,a smile in painting is a grin1 and a grin is a growl1 and a growl is a bite--and ,i'll not alter it10 said the half-mad1 irritable painter2 8and if ever ,i paint another subject1 short of a ,lord ,mayor1 ,i'll be d--d60 ,a ,,cool ,,sitter4 ,hoppner was commissioned to paint a certain pompous personage1 one of the cabinet of the king4 ,the great man could not condescend to attend any painter2 so it was to be taken at the great man's house4 ,it was to be a whole length4 8,well1 sir10 quoth the ,right ,honourable1 as ,mr4 ,h4 made his bow1 8,i have no time1 sar1 to give to your art1 a--unless you can take a scheme of me at my breakfast40 ,the repast was already laid1--a steaming urn1 coffee-pot1 toast1 rolls1 muffins1 chickens1 and ham4 ,the limner spread his arcana1 and commenced to paint1 as the great man commenced his djen by supplying his appetite with half a muffin1 and a cut from the wing of a pullet1 together with a slice of ham4 ,this accomplished1 and sipping his tea1 without condescending to notice the artist1 he seized the newspaper1 took his reading-glass from his bosom1 began dictating to his private secretary1 gave orders to his cook for dinner1 dictated again1 sipped his tea2 and with the cup hiding his chin1 and the newspaper his cheek1 pompously exclaimed1 8,i desire1 ,master ,hoppner1 that you proceed40 8,i am going10 replied the indignant artist1 who1 stalking out of the room1 left the great man all astounded at the haughty demeanour of a portrait painter4 ,illustration ,,ibbetson 7,,julius ,c,,sar74 ,julius ,csar ,ibbetson was born at ,scarborough1 in ,yorkshire1 in #agei2 was apprenticed to a ship painter at ,hull1 and at an early age came to ,london1 and practised his art4 ,he painted landscapes1 cattle1 and some historical pieces4 ,benjamin ,west appropriately called him the ,berghem of ,england2 yet1 like many other men of great ability1 his genius was no match for poverty4 ,mr4 ,redgrave1 in 8,a ,century of ,painters of the ,english ,school10 says3 8,he was one of the jolly companions of ,george ,morland3 like him he lived from hand to mouth2 was employed by an inferior class of picture dealers1 and made them his pot companions40 ,he published a whimsical book entitled 8,humbugalogia10 in which he fully exposed the ignorance and tricks of professed picture dealers4 ,among other rather coarse1 but very forcible1 illustrations which it contained1 was one to the following effect3 8,these people say they have a great love for the fine arts4 ,yes2 just such a love as a butcher has for a fat ox40 ,after quitting ,london1 this clever artist resided for some years in the lake districts of ,westmoreland1 which he left to settle at ,masham4 ,in #ahag1 whilst engaged in painting a favourite hunter of ,lady ,milbank's1 he took cold1 which settled on his lungs1 and terminated his existence on the #acth ,october1 #ahag4 ,,the ,,toper',s ,,reply4 ,according to 8,notes and ,queries0 7vol4 viii4 ,n4,s41 p4 #if71 there is a local tradition that whilst ,ibbetson was residing at ,ambleside1 he used often to ramble as far as the picturesque valley of ,troutbeck1 which is about four miles from ,ambleside1 to indulge in the double enjoyment of the sweet scenery around1 and the 8home brewed0 within the humble ale-house there2 and that1 in commendation of the latter1 he painted a sign with two faces1 each 8looking the character0 admirably3 the one being that of a stout1 jolly-faced toper with rubicund nose1 and the other that of a thin1 white-faced1 lantern-jawed teetotaler2 and with labels from their mouths thus inscribed3-- 8,thou mortal man1 who liv'st by bread1 ,what is it makes thy nose so red80 ,and1 8,thou silly oaf1 with nose so pale1 ,it is with drinking ,birket's ale40 ,the painting has been supplanted by its title in plain letters1 8,the ,mortal ,man10 but the old people say they still remember the sign1 and that it is now preserved in ,carlisle4 ,,the ,,recognition4 ,ibbetson's abilities attracted the notice of ,m4 de ,loutherbourg1 who introduced him to ,mons4 ,desenfans1 of pictorial memory4 ,an invitation to breakfast placed ,ibbetson and ,loutherbourg in ,mons4 ,desenfans' parlour1 the walls of which were covered with chefs d'uvre of art2 and the judgment of the young painter was tried on the merits of the several masters4 ,when coming to one which seemed to attract ,ibbetson's particular regard1 ,mons4 ,desenfans observed3 8,that1 ,mr4 ,ibbetson1 is a very beautiful example of ,david ,teniers40 ,there was a pause1 ,mons4 ,desenfans requested ,ibbetson's opinion2 whose answer1 after another pause1 was3 8,that picture1 sir8--that picture ,i painted60 ,here was confusion worse confounded4 ,the collector had been taken in3 his judgment had been committed4 ,the murder1 however1 was out2 marks and circumstances proved the fact beyond doubt4 ,the good-natured ,loutherbourg endeavoured to 8take up his mangled matter at the best30--8,he had frequently been deceived40 ,nay1 he went further1 and told how1 in his younger days1 he had himself manufactured a few old masters4 ,whether or not this apology mended the business1 we know not2 but certain it is that poor ,ibbetson was never again asked to breakfast with ,mons4 ,desenfans4 ,illustration ,,inman 7,,henry74 ,henry ,inman was born at ,utica1 ,new ,york1 #bjth ,october1 #ahja4 ,his parents were ,english4 ,his father removed to the city of ,new ,york1 in #ahab1 at which early date ,inman's taste for drawing was manifested1 and cultivated to a certain extent at the day-school he attended4 ,the arrival of ,wertmuller's picture of ,dan1 about the year #ahad1 first suggested the art to him as a profession4 ,it was exhibited at ,mr4 ,jarvis's rooms1 in ,murray ,street1 and ,inman gives the following account of his second visit to it3-- 8,on a second visit1 when ,i went alone1 ,i saw ,mr4 ,jarvis himself1 who came up from his painting room into the apartment in which the ,dan1 with other works of art1 were placed4 ,on observing his entrance1 with maulstick in his hand1 and palette on his arm1 ,i removed my hat and bowed1 presuming that he was the master of the establishment4 ,at that time ,i regarded an artist with peculiar reverence4 ,without noticing my salutation1 he walked rapidly towards me1 and1 with his singular look of scrutiny1 peered into my face4 ,suddenly he exclaimed1 #8,by heavens1 the very head for a painter6' ,he then put some questions to me2 invited me below stairs1 and permitted me to examine his portfolios4 ,he shortly after called upon my father1 and proposed to take me as a pupil4 ,i was at this time preparing for my entrance to the ,west ,point ,institution1 as a cadet1 for which ,i had already obtained a warrant4 ,my father left the matter to myself1 and ,i gladly accepted ,mr4 ,jarvis's proposal4 ,i accordingly entered upon a seven years' apprenticeship4 ,notwithstanding his phrenological observations upon my cranium1 a circumstance connected with my first effort in oil colours would seem to contradict his favourable inference4 ,another of his students and myself were set down before a small tinted landscape1 with instructions to copy it4 ,palettes and brushes were put into our hands1 and to work we went4 ,after much anxious looking and laborious daubing1 ,mr4 ,jarvis came up to see what progress we had made4 ,after regarding our work for some moments in silence1 he astounded us with these words3 #8,get up6 get up6 ,these are the most infernal attempts ,i ever saw4 ,here1 ,philip6 turning to a mulatto boy1 who was grinding paints in another part of the room1 take the brushes1 and finish what these gentlemen have begun so bravely6' ,all this took place in the presence of several strangers1 who had come to look at the gallery4 ,you can imagine what a shock our self-love received4 ,such mortifications are the most enduring of all remembrances4 ,notwithstanding this rebuff1 ,i managed to make other and more successful efforts40 ,at the expiration of his apprenticeship1 he married ,miss ,o',brien1 and began business for himself as a portrait and miniature painter4 ,it is stated that in this latter branch he was very successful1 although he afterwards entirely abandoned it4 ,on his removal to ,philadelphia he painted a portrait of ,mr4 ,rawle for the members of the bar of that city4 ,at this gentleman's house he saw a copy of ,stuart's celebrated portrait of ,washington1 of which he mentions the following anecdote3-- 8,mr4 ,r4 informed me1 while we were looking at the head of ,washington1 that on one occasion1 when that great man dined at his house1 he sat immediately beneath the picture1 and that position gave ,mr4 ,r4 ample opportunity to satisfy himself of the correctness of the resemblance4 ,i was much pleased with this testimony in favour of its truth1 as of late years an attempt has been made to impeach the justice of ,stuart's representation of ,washington40 ,in the midst of his success1 ,inman appears to have been discontented with city life2 and throughout the journal which he kept1 8intended10 as he says1 8for the reception of miscellaneous notes on passing events10 we find interspersed1 longings for the green fields4 ,in a letter to a friend1 he says3 8,i have always panted to live in the country1 where ,i can be surrounded by something pleasanter to look upon than the everlasting brick walls of a city2 444 and moreover1 ,i shall then be better enabled to withdraw myself gradually from mere face-making3 to practise in the more congenial departments of art--namely1 landscape and historical painting40 ,he suffered much from attacks of asthma1 which visited him in the summer or autumn of every year1 until his death4 ,in #ahda he was attacked with more violence than he ever experienced before1 and he describes his suffering with characteristic cheerfulness4 ,he speaks of the grinding agony he endured as his 8bosom fiend10 and compares it with the 8vulture gnawing into the vitals of ,prometheus40 ,in ,february1 #ahdb1 we find him one of the guests at a dinner given to ,mr4 ,chas4 ,dickens1 at the ,astor ,house2 on which occasion ,mr4 ,inman made a speech1 from which it will be seen1 though so great and so recent a sufferer from his complaint1 he still retained his cheerful social qualities4 ,the following is a part of the speech referred to3-- 8,i would invite your attention1 sir1 in the first place1 to the great value which the arts of design must attach to the peculiar literature of the author we delight to honour in the person of our cherished guest2 insomuch as it affords so many admirable themes for pictorial illustration4 ,the great schools of art1 of painting in particular1 are divided into the classical1 the romantic1 and the picturesque1 the last of which is by far the most popular and most cultivated in this department of taste4 ,the two first appeal for their sources of interest to associations connected with the history of the remote past2 but the latter addresses itself to every feeling that links us to #8the world we live in1' with all its thrilling contrasts of happiness and misery1 of vice and virtue4 8,mr4 ,president1 ,i will venture to claim for the writings of ,mr4 ,dickens1 in especial manner1 this attribute of the picturesque4 ,he has sought and found1 in the humble walks of life1 those unequalled scenes of pathos1 of humour1 and of sentiment1 which so eminently characterize his productions4 ,passing by the abodes of wealth1 luxury1 and rank1 where the passions are all concealed beneath the mask of cold convention1 he has flashed the light of his genius upon the gloomy haunts of squalid poverty and suffering virtue1 the dark dens of reckless guilt and crime1 until every salient point of interest is revealed in a thousand glowing objects of contemplation to the student of morals1 of human nature1 and of art4 8,another quality which enhances the analogy which ,i have attempted to establish1 is to be found in the graphic force of his delineations4 ,for all the purposes of fame1 his fictitious personages have already become intense realities4 ,for instance3 who does not firmly believe that those charming people1 ,messrs4 ,winkle1 ,tupman1 ,snodgrass ,co41 are at this moment #8,pickwicking' it about ,london in veritable flesh and blood8 ,let me ask who that wears a heart does not weep over the memory of poor ,nell1 as over one we have known and loved in actual life8 8,in conclusion1 this picturesqueness1 this artistic power1 will1 perhaps1 sanction the parallel ,i have introduced in the toast ,i now beg leave to offer4 ,i will give you1 sir1 the #8,boz' gallery of written pictures--may ,charles ,dickens long live to add new master-pieces to the imperishable collection60 ,on ,new ,year's ,day1 #ahdc1 the following singular medley of mirth and melancholy is entered in his diary3 8,stayed home all day4 ,the zest and cream of life are gone4 ,two hundred thousand dollars and travelling would revive me--nothing else2 ditto fishing40 ,on the #crd ,january1 he writes3 8,fine prospect of starving to death this year4 ,not a soul comes near me for pictures4 ,ambition in art is gone4 ,give me a fortune1 and ,i would fish and shoot for the rest of my life1 without touching a brush again40 ,in #ahdd he came to ,england1 when he was engaged to paint the portraits1 among others1 of ,dr4 ,chalmers and ,wordsworth4 ,with respect to his visit to the latter1 ,inman1 in a letter to a friend1 says3 8,mary and ,i had a very pleasant time in ,westmoreland1 ,i can assure you2 fine weather1 glorious scenery1 and a very kind reception from the great poet4 ,mr4 ,wordsworth1 who is now a hale old man of #ge years1 accompanied me on one or two of my sketching excursions1 for which ,i feel highly honoured1 as he is not only a good poet1 but a most intelligent and long-headed man in conversation4444 ,i heard from ,mr4 ,carey1 of ,philadelphia1 who wishes me to paint for him the portrait of the celebrated writer1 the ,rt4 ,hon4 ,thos4 ,b4 ,macaulay1 ,m4,p41 instead of the fancy piece originally ordered1 ,i have heard from the great man1 and he1 in a very complimentary note1 has consented to sit in about five weeks4 ,i shall then come up to ,london again for this purpose40 ,having finished the portrait of ,macaulay1 he thus writes to a friend3-- 8,you would have laughed to-day1 could you have stood by and heard the courteous battle-royal of words which took place between me and my sitter--the witty1 learned1 and all accomplished ,mr4 ,macaulay1 ,m4,p4 ,he is fond of taking the other side of the argument1 even though 'tis paradoxical4 ,he loves to differ and defend his difference1 and he wields a well polished1 logical ,toledo1 ,i can tell you6 ,he is too well read and too intelligent to entertain many of the absurd opinions respecting our country and its institutions that are so rife in the ,english newspaper press3 but still ,i find he loves to bring on a discussion of some one or other of those puzzling questions that belong to our side of the water1 namely1 state-sovereignty1 repudiation1 slavery1 etc4 ,i congratulate myself upon having met in him one of those persons of renown for brilliant writing1 whose attainments as poet1 scholar1 and reviewer1 cause him to stand amongst the highest in modern ,english literature4 ,will you believe it8 ,noodle as ,i am1 and albeit unused to the controversial mood1 ,i rather flatter myself that #8this child' held his own in the fight6 ,one touch of fence ,i used 7and 'tis a custom ,i am generally fond of7 was never directly to answer a ,socratic query1 but always to evade it1 by begging him to state his position affirmatively4 ,it worked to a charm4 ,however1 we had a delightful sitting of it4 ,only think6 ,i had double duty to perform--namely1 fight with the inside of his head1 and paint the outside of it60 ,in his letters from this time to that of his death1 which took place in ,january1 #ahdf1 he constantly expresses the greatest anxiety respecting his pecuniary affairs4 ,he found some professional employment1 but barely enough to meet his expenses4 ,he died of disease of the heart4 ,he left a wife and five children4 ,his kindness of heart1 his intellectual attainments1 his social accomplishments1 his conversational power1 his brilliant imagination1 and his technical ability1 were eulogized by the newspapers of all classes throughout the country4 ,,jervas 7,,charles74 ,charles ,jervas was born in ,ireland1 in the year #afge1 and studied under ,sir ,godfrey ,kneller4 ,by the generosity of a friend he was enabled to visit ,france and ,italy1 where he gave himself up to hard study in his art1 and on his return to ,england his talent was soon recognised1 and he became very popular4 ,the line he chose was portrait painting4 ,he also discovered considerable ability in literature4 ,he published a translation of ,don ,quixote2 to which translation the celebrated ,dr4 ,warburton added an appendix on the origin of ,romances and of ,chivalry4 ,jervas also gave instruction in the art of painting to ,pope1 with whom he was very intimate1 and who has handed him down to posterity in his works4 8,jervas was the last best painter ,italy had sent us10 ,pope used to observe4 ,jervas was also patronized by ,william and ,queen ,anne4 ,he died on #crd ,november1 #agci4 ,,sir ,,joshua ,,reynolds4 ,burnet relates that when ,reynolds's sister asked him the reason why we never see any of the portraits of ,jervas now1 he replied1 8,because1 my dear1 they are all up in the garret40 ,yet1 this man rode in his chariot and four1 and received the praises of ,pope in verse4 ,,dr4 ,,arbuthnot4 ,jervas1 who affected to be a free-thinker1 was one day talking very irreverently of the ,bible2 ,dr4 ,arbuthnot maintained to him that he was not only a speculative but a practical believer4 ,the painter denied it3 ,arbuthnot said he would prove it4 8,you strictly observe the second commandment10 said the doctor2 8for in your pictures you make not the likeness of anything that is in the heavens above1 or in the earth beneath1 or in the waters under the earth40 ,,vanity4 ,there is a very amusing anecdote of the painter's inordinate vanity1 contained in the ,percy ,anecdotes4 ,the artist having succeeded happily in copying a picture of ,titian1 he looked first at the copy1 and then at the original1 and then with parental complacency exclaimed1 8,poor little ,tit6 how he would stare60 ,,lady ,,bridgewater4 ,being employed to paint the portrait of ,lady ,bridgewater1 one of the greatest beauties of the age1 he fell desperately in love with her4 ,so deeply was his imagination smitten with the features of her enchanting face1 that he reproduced them in all his portraits2 and many a female was most agreeably surprised on discovering her unexpected resemblance to ,lady ,bridgewater4 ,his love1 however1 was not so strong as his vanity1 which he more than once displayed1 even in the presence of his mistress4 ,one day when she was sitting to him1 he stopped short1 and expatiated on her charms with all the enthusiasm of a lover2 8,but yet10 continued he1 8,i am forced to acknowledge that you have not a handsome ear40 8,have the goodness10 replied the lady1 8to show me what you call a handsome ear40 8,here is one10 said ,jervas1 shoving aside his wig1 and showing his own4 ,,the ,,painter',s ,,generosity4 ,jervas one day entered the shop of ,carter1 the statuary1 in ,may ,fair1 and inspected a collection of models1 etc4 ,carter was very industriously employed at the lowest branches of his profession1 such as chiselling tombstones1 grave-slabs1 etc4 ,after remaining a short time1 ,jervas commended his industry1 and took his leave1 apparently much pleased with the models1 etc4 ,a few days after ,jervas called again1 and after a few general observations1 asked whether ,carter was married1 and whether he had any children4 ,being answered in the affirmative to both questions1 he said bluntly1 8,do you want any money1 ,mr4 ,carter80 8,want money8 ,lord love me6 yes1 ,i believe ,i do40 8,would a hundred pounds be of service to you80 8,a hundred pounds6 ,why it would be the making of me for ever40 ,jervas thereupon requested him to breakfast with him at his house the following morning4 ,at the hour appointed ,jervas received him with much politeness1 and while at breakfast said1 8,mr4 ,carter1 ,i have for some time observed you as a young man of considerable talents and unremitting industry1 and ,i am happy that ,providence has put it into my power to assist your efforts4 ,here is the hundred pounds you seemed to think would be of service to you40 ,,hints ,,to ,,pope ,,on ,,painting4 ,there is an anecdote of ,pope wishing to study painting1 and applying to his friend ,jervas for instruction in the art4 ,jervas readily consented1 and having to leave town for a few days1 gave the key of his painting-room to the poet1 promising on his return to give his candid opinion on what ,pope had done1 and also suggest to him hints4 ,on ,jervas's return1 after making many general remarks on the ,art1 ,pope interrupted him3 8,you tell me what ,i ought to do1 but you have not given me your opinion of my picture4 ,i know it's very bad1 and it gets worse and worse every day4 ,i am sure it looked a deal better three or four days ago4 ,tell me the reason of this1 and why the paint peels off in some places40 ,jervas replied--8,colours change in drying2 they get duller2 some more1 some less4 ,greens fade a great deal4 ,asphaltum gets much darker and heavier4 ,of the rest we should make allowance for these changes2 so that the picture should not seem right when first painted1 but should sink1 fade1 or dry to the hues required4 ,the reason it peels off is1 you have painted a coat of colour over an under one before it has dried and hardened1 and the force of your brush thus rubbed it off4 ,you should go over your colours as little as possible4 ,a painter ought to study the natures of colours--have some knowledge of chemistry--should know what colours are transparent1 and how much so--what are opaque1 and what dry soon1 such as umber2 and what won't1 such as lake1 brown-pink1 etc4 ,these last should be mixed with drying oil4 ,all colours made from vegetables1 such as lake and brown-pink1 are apt to fly3 all from metals1 such as white lead and verdigris1 are apt to change3 but all earths1 such as ochre1 amber1 etc41 stand well4 ,clean your palette1 when done with1 with spirits of turpentine2 also your brushes3 and try to paint without dirtying yourself with the colours4 ,the knowledge of and attention to a number of trifles1 such as these1 contributed to give ,titian1 ,rubens1 and ,rembrandt1 so much advantage over those who do not study such things40 ,illustration ,,kneller 7,,sir ,,godfrey74 ,sir ,godfrey ,kneller was born at ,lubeck about #afdh4 ,he was intended for the army2 but his genius for painting being discovered1 he was placed under ,bol1 at ,amsterdam1 after which he received instructions from ,rembrandt4 ,in #afgb he went to ,italy2 and while at ,venice1 painted the portraits of some families of distinction4 ,from thence he came to ,england by the way of ,hamburgh1 and was employed to paint a portrait of ,charles ,,ii41 at the same time with ,lely1 who candidly bestowed praise upon his performance4 ,this success fixed ,kneller at the ,english court1 where he painted seven sovereigns2 besides three foreign ones4 ,his principal patron was ,william ,,iii41 who conferred on him the honour of knighthood1 and engaged him to paint the ,hampton ,court beauties4 ,his pencil was also employed on several of the pictures of the admirals in that palace1 and the ,kit-,cat ,club4 ,george ,i4 created him a baronet4 ,he was a man of wit1 but excessively vain1 as appeared in his gift of five hundred pounds to ,pope1 to write an extravagant epitaph for his monument in ,westminster ,abbey4 ,he died very rich in #agbc4--,walpole's ,anecdotes4 ,,royal ,,patronage4 ,the ten sovereigns whom ,kneller painted were the following3 ,charles ,,ii41 ,james ,,ii41 and his queen1 ,william and ,mary1 ,anne1 ,george ,i41 ,louis ,,xiv41 the ,czar ,peter the ,great1 and the ,emperor ,charles ,,vi4 ,,dr4 ,,radcliffe4 ,sir ,godfrey1 when living next door to the famous ,dr4 ,radcliffe1 granted him permission to make a door into the painter's garden1 where there was a beautiful variety of flowers4 ,but the physician's servants taking unbecoming liberties on ,kneller's premises1 he had to complain to their master4 ,after many fruitless remonstrances ,sir ,godfrey sent his man one day to let the physician know that he should be obliged to brick up the passage2 to which the cynic replied1 with his accustomed asperity1 8,let him do what he will with the door1 except painting it40 ,the servant was at first unwilling to communicate the exact answer1 but ,kneller insisted on knowing it1 and retorted1 8,did my good friend say so8 ,then you go back and tell him that ,i will take anything from him but his physic40 ,,origin ,,of ,,the ,,kit-,,cat ,,club4 ,this club is said to have been founded by ,jacob ,tonson1 the bookseller4 ,however this may have been1 he was certainly their secretary4 ,he was an active man at all their meetings1 and as a testimony of the good disposition of his illustrious friends towards him1 they each presented him with their portraits4 ,these were painted by ,sir ,godfrey ,kneller4 ,the club is reported to have derived its title from the name of the person at whose house the meetings were first held4 ,this was one ,christopher ,cat1 an obscure pastry-cook1 who lived originally in ,shire ,lane1 ,temple ,bar1 but subsequently at the ,fountain ,tavern1 ,strand4 ,the standing dish at supper was mutton pies3 for the manufacture of which ,mr4 ,cat had acquired considerable reputation4 ,a different etymology of the club's name has been assigned by ,arbuthnot4 ,in the following epigram1 he seems to refer it to the custom of toasting ladies after dinner1 peculiar to those gentlemen3-- 8,whence deathless ,kit-,cat took its name1 ,few critics can unriddle2 ,some say from pastry-cook it came1 ,and some from cat and fiddle4 ,from no trim beaux its name it boasts1 ,grey statesman or green wits2 ,but from its pell-mell pack of toasts1 ,of old cats and young kits40 --,gentleman's ,magazine4 ,,portrait ,,painting4 ,sir ,godfrey1 who was principally eminent as a portrait-painter1 after a long discourse upon the various schools of painting1 concluded with1 8,painters of history make the dead live1 and do not themselves live till they be dead2 ,i paint the living1 and they make me live40 ,,cut ,,at ,,pope4 ,the artist's consciousness of his own skill was so well known that it exposed him frequently to the banter and irony of the wits1 his friends4 ,pope1 to pay him off1 said to him after looking round a room full of beauties he had painted1 8,it's a pity1 ,sir ,godfrey1 that you had not been consulted at the creation40 ,the artist threw his eyes strong upon ,pope's shoulders1 and answered1 8,i should have made some better things40 ,a ,,country ,,sitter4 ,a certain country family1 whose reason for coming to town was the intention of having their pictures drawn1 and principally that of the hopeful heir1 brought him to the artist4 ,seeing that a little converse with the world would soon wear off his awkward rusticity1 instead of drawing him in a green coat with spaniels1 or in the more contemptible livery of a fop playing with a lapdog1 the painter gave him a soul darting with proper spirit through the rusticity of his features4 ,a gentleman met the mother and sisters coming down stairs the day it was finished1 and found ,sir ,godfrey in a violent rage above3 8,look there10 said he1 pointing to a picture1 8there is a fellow6 ,i have put some sense into him1 and none of his family know him40 ,,vandyke ,,and ,,kneller4 ,there was a period1 observed ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 when to name ,vandyke in competition with ,kneller was to incur human contempt4 ,the character of the eighteenth century in ,england resembled that of the seventeenth in ,italy4 ,it was the age of ,english mediocrity1 the reaction of that powerful burst of national genius that was developed by the civil wars and the revolution4 ,,tonson1 ,,the ,,bookseller4 ,kneller was very covetous1 very vain1 and a great glutton4 ,tonson1 the bookseller1 got many pictures from him1 it is related1 by playing these passions against the other4 ,he would tell the great painter that he was the greatest master that ever was1 and send him every now and then a haunch of venison and a dozen of claret4 8,oh60 said ,kneller once to ,vandergucht1 8this old ,jacob loves me2 he is a very good man3 you see he loves me1 for he sends me good things1 the venison was fat60 ,kneller would say to ,cock1 the auctioneer1 8,i love you1 ,mr4 ,cock1 and ,i will do you good2 but you must do something for me too1 ,mr4 ,cock2 one hand can wash the face1 but two hands wash one another40 ,illustration ,,lawrence 7,,sir ,,thomas71 ,p4,r4,a4 ,thomas ,lawrence was born in the city of ,bristol1 in ,may1 #agfi4 ,he was the youngest of a family of sixteen children1 and was remarkable from his infancy for his winning manners4 ,his father took much pains in teaching the child passages from the poets1 and at five years old he could repeat any speech in ,milton's ,pandemonium4 ,the child was equally clever with his pencil2 observing which1 a ,derbyshire baronet1 struck with the boy's genius1 offered to send him to ,rome at an expense of #ajjj1 but his father replied that 8his son's talents required no cultivation40 ,at so young an age of five years his drawings of eyes were so good as to make ,fuseli remark with enthusiasm3 8,but1 by ,g--t1 he paints eyes better than ,titian60 ,in #aghe1 young ,lawrence received the ,society of ,arts ,medal with five guineas for the most successful copy from the old masters1 being a crayon drawing of the 8,transfiguration0 of ,raphael2 he also received 8the greater silver palette gilt10 by special vote of the committee4 ,having become a student of the ,royal ,academy at the age of eighteen1 he sent in the year #aghg the extraordinary number of seven pictures2 in the following year he sent six portraits2 thirteen in #aghi1 and twelve pictures in #agij4 ,at the express desire of ,his ,majesty1 ,lawrence was admitted an ,associate of the ,royal ,academy1 by the suspension of a law against the admission of an ,associate under the age of twenty-four4 ,although supported by ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 his election was much opposed by several academicians4 ,shortly before ,lawrence's return in #ahbj from ,rome1 where he had been engaged on the great work of painting the ,allied ,sovereigns1 ,benjamin ,west1 the ,president of the ,royal ,academy1 died full of honours4 ,lawrence was unanimously chosen to succeed him1 and the ,king1 in approval of the choice1 added a superb gold chain and medal of himself4 ,in addition to the honour of knighthood by the ,prince ,regent1 and admission to the ,academy of ,st4 ,luke1 in ,rome1 he became1 in #ahag1 a member of the ,american ,academy of the ,fine ,arts4 ,he was elected by the ,academy of ,florence1 a member of the first class4 ,the ,academy of ,venice added their election in #ahbc2 that of ,bologna followed2 and ,turin in #ahbf4 ,he was also elected a member of the ,imperial ,academy at ,vienna1 and received the diploma of the ,danish ,academy2 and finally made a chevalier of the ,legion of ,honour1 in ,france4 ,he died on the #gth ,january1 #ahcj4 ,,royal ,,favours4 ,lawrence received many valuable presents from foreign princes and nobles1 as marks of admiration of the great painter's genius3 the following list was made out by his sister1-- 8,by the ,king of ,france 7,charles ,x471 in the autumn of #ahbe1 he was presented with the ,legion of ,honour 7the medal or jewel of which is in my son ,john's possession72 a magnificent ,french clock1 nearly two feet high2 two superb green and gold china jars2 and a dessert set of ,svres porcelain1 which ,sir ,thomas left to the ,royal ,academy4 8,by the ,emperor of ,russia1 a superb diamond ring1 of great value4 8,by the ,king of ,prussia1 a ring1 with ,his ,majesty's initials1 ,f4 ,r41 in diamonds4 8,he likewise received presents from the foreign ministers assembled at ,aix-la-,chapelle1 where he painted all of them2 from the ,archduchess ,charles and ,princess ,metternich at ,vienna2 from the ,pope1 a ring1 and the ,colosseum in mosaic1 with his ,holiness' arms over the centre of the frame2 from the ,cardinal ,gonsalvi1 besides other presents1 a gold watch1 chain1 and seals of intaglios1 and many beautiful bonbonniere boxes of valuable stones set in gold1 gold snuff-boxes1 etc42 a fine gold snuff-box from ,lord ,whitworth1 many years before4 8,from the ,dauphin1 in #ahbe1 a breakfast-set of porcelain1 and a tea-tray painted with the court of ,louis ,,xiv4 8,by ,canova1 at ,rome1 some magnificent casts1 valuable engravings1 etc40 ,,miss ,,fanny ,,kemble4 ,in a letter to ,mr4 ,angerstein1 ,lawrence gives his opinion of this celebrated actress's successes in the following terms1-- 8,we have little stirring in town1 one novelty excepted1 which enlivens the evenings of this otherwise dull period4 ,your respect and regard for ,mrs4 ,siddons and ,mr4 ,kemble will make you glad to know that the genius and sense of both are recalled to us by the really fine acting of ,miss ,fanny ,kemble1 the daughter of their brother ,charles4 ,she is not quite nineteen1 yet has so satisfied the judgment of the warmest patrons and ablest critics of the stage1 that1 in its worst season1 she has drawn full houses 7and continues to draw them7 for upwards of twenty-two nights1 three nights in each week1 without intermission1 to one of ,shakespere's finest1 but certainly most hackneyed plays1 ,romeo and ,juliet1 and the boxes are already taken to ,wednesday se'nnight4 8,her face is not regularly handsome1 but she has a fine and flexible brow1 with hair and eyes like ,mrs4 ,siddons in her finest time4 ,in stature she is rather short1 but with such admirable courage and invariable grace of action1 that on the stage she appears fully of woman's height4 ,her voice is at once sweet and powerful2 and blest with a clear #8,kemble' understanding 7for it is peculiar to her family71 she has likewise fine literary talent1 having written a tragedy of great interest1 besides lighter pieces of admirable verse4 ,her manner in private is characterized by ease1 and that modest gravity which ,i believe must belong to high tragic genius1 and which1 in ,mrs4 ,siddons1 was strictly natural to her2 though1 from being peculiar in the general gaiety of society1 it was often thought assumed4 8,i have for many years given up the theatre 7not going above once or twice in the year71 but this fine genius has drawn me often to it1 and each time to witness improvement and new beauties4 ,if she is not taken from the stage1 there is probability that she may remain on it a fine actress for twenty years1 and thus have supported the ascendency of one family in the highest department of the drama for upwards of twenty years60 ,,hoaxing ,,lawrence4 ,mr4 ,john ,bernard1 in his 8,retrospections of the ,stage10 gives the following anecdote of ,lawrence's cleverness in sketching likenesses at the early age of nine years3-- 8,the young artist collected his materials very quickly1 and essayed my visage the first4 ,in about ten minutes he produced a faithful delineation in crayon1 which for many years ,i kept as a curiosity4 ,he next attempted ,edwin's1 who1 startled at the boy's ability1 resolved 7in his usual way7 to perplex him4 ,this he did by changing the form of his features--raising his brows1 compressing his lips1 and widening his mouth4 ,tom no sooner perceived the change than he started in supreme wonder1 attributing it to a defect in his own vision4 ,the first outline was accordingly abandoned1 and a second commenced4 ,tom was now more particular1 and watched him narrowly2 but ,edwin1 feature by feature1 and muscle by muscle1 so completely ran1 what might be called the gamut of his countenance 7as the various compartments of its harmony71 that the boy drew and rubbed it out1 till his hand fell by his side1 and he stood silently looking in ,edwin's face1 to discover1 if possible1 its true expression4 ,edwin could not long maintain his composure at his scrutiny1 and revealed the hoax with a burst of merriment and mimic thunder40 ,,fuseli',s ,,envy4 ,in ,lawrence's great picture of 8,satan addressing the ,fallen ,angels10 ,fuseli complained that the figure of ,satan was his own--that ,lawrence had copied some one of his designs4 ,the following account of the matter1 however1 was given by ,lawrence in a conversation with ,cunningham1 and seems a sufficient explanation3-- 8,fuseli1 sir1 was the most satirical of human beings2 he had also the greatest genius for art of any man ,i ever knew4 ,his mind was so essentially poetic that he was incapable of succeeding in any ordinary object1 ,that figure of ,satan1 now before you1 occasioned the only interruption which our friendship of many years' standing ever experienced4 ,he was1 you know1 a great admirer of ,milton1 from whom he had many sketches4 ,when he first saw my ,satan1 he was nettled1 and said1 #8,you borrowed the idea from me6--#8,in truth1 ,i did take the idea from you1' ,i said2 #8but it was from your person1 not from your paintings4 ,when we were together at ,stackpole ,court1 in ,pembrokeshire1 you may remember how you stood on yon high rock which overlooks the bay of ,bristol1 and gazed down upon the sea1 which rolls so magnificently below4 ,you were in raptures2 and while you were crying 8,grand6 ,grand6 ,jesu ,christ1 how grand6 how terrific60 you put yourself in a wild posture4 ,i thought on the devil looking into the abyss1 and took a slight sketch of you at the moment3 here it is4 ,my ,satan's posture now1 was yours then4'0 ,,his ,,professional ,,practice4 ,allan ,cunningham gives the following description of the habits and practice of the great artist3-- 8,he rose early1 and he worked late2 for though no one excelled more in rapid sketches1 he had a true enthusiasm for his art1 and would not dismiss hastily anything for which he was to be paid as a picture4 ,he detained his sitters often for three hours at a time2 had generally eight or nine of these sittings2 and all the while studied their looks anxiously1 and seemed to do nothing without care and consideration4 ,his constant practice was to begin by making a drawing of the head1 full-size1 on canvas1 carefully tracing in dimensions and expression4 ,this took up one day2 on the next he began to paint--touching in the brows1 the nose1 the eyes1 and the mouth1 and finally the bounding line1 in succession4 ,lawrence sometimes1 nay often1 laid aside the first drawing of a head1 and painted on a copy4 ,this was from his fear of losing the benefit of first impressions1 which in such cases are often invaluable4 ,it may be added that he stood all the while1 and was seldom so absorbed in his undertaking that he did not converse with his sitter1 and feel either seriousness or humour1 whilst giving thought to the brow1 or beauty to the cheek4 ,he adhered to the old rule of receiving half payment at the beginning of a portrait4 8,the distinguished person who favoured him with forty sittings for his head alone1 was ,sir ,walter ,scott4 ,the picture was painted for ,george ,,iv41 and ,lawrence was anxious to make the portrait the best of any painted from so celebrated a character4 8,at other times1 however1 he was as dexterous as any artist4 ,he once told ,burnet that he painted the portrait of ,curran in one day3 he came in the morning1 remained to dinner1 and left at dusk2 or1 as ,lawrence expressed it1 quoting his favourite author #8,from morn till noon1 ,from noon till dewy eve4' 8,the following were his progressive prices3-- ,three-quarters4 ,half-length4 ,whole length4 ,guineas4 ,guineas4 ,guineas4 #ahjb #cj #fj #abj #ahjd #ce #gj #adj #ahjf #ej #ajj #bjj #ahjh #hj #afj #cbj #ahaj #ajj #bjj #djj 8,the following were his latest prices3-- 8,for a head-size1 or three-quarters1 the great painter received #baj2 for a kit-cat1 #cae2 for a half-length1 #dbj2 for a bishop1 half-length1 #ebe2 and for a full-length1 #fcj2 for an extra full-length1 #gce4 8,lord ,gower paid ,lawrence fifteen hundred guineas for his admirable portrait of his lady and child2 and six hundred guineas was the sum paid by ,lord ,durham for his portrait of ,master ,lambton40 ,illustration ,,liotard 7,,john ,,stephen74 ,john ,stephen ,liotard was born in the year #agjb1 at ,genoa1 ,at first he studied without instruction1 but in #agae he visited ,paris1 and became a pupil of the celebrated ,mass4 ,here he attracted the notice of the ,court painter1 ,lemoine1 who introduced him to the ,marquis ,puysieux1 and he afterwards accompanied that nobleman to ,naples4 ,here he employed himself in painting miniatures on ivory4 ,he afterwards visited ,rome and painted portraits of the ,pope and the ,stuart family4 ,in #agch he accompanied ,lord ,duncannon to ,constantinople4 ,during his residence here he allowed his beard to grow1 and adopted the ,turkish costume1 which he never afterwards relinquished4 ,in #agdb he was summoned by the ,prince of ,moldavia to ,jassy1 and after a short time there1 proceeded to ,vienna1 where he was patronized by the ,empress ,maria ,theresa1 who rewarded him richly for his portraits of the imperial family4 ,he again returned to ,paris1 and his magnificent beard and oriental dress made him for a time the lion of that capital1 and procured him the bye-name of 8,the ,turkish ,painter40 ,among the ladies who entrusted him with their portraits was the celebrated ,madame ,pompadour1 who was by no means satisfied with the likeness1 ,liotard having followed nature so closely as to reproduce even freckles and other accidental blemishes4 ,from ,paris he repaired to ,london4 ,the best picture he executed in ,england was that of the ,princess of ,wales and her sons4 ,perhaps his most popular painting is that of 8,the ,chocolate ,girl10 which is seen on fire-screens1 snuff-boxes1 articles of porcelain1 etc4 ,in #agef he visited ,holland1 and sacrificed his long-cherished beard on the altar of ,hymen1 without1 however1 laying aside his ,turkish dress4 ,in #aggb he returned to ,england1 painting numerous portraits1 principally in crayons4 ,his works in enamel1 etc41 are very numerous1 and are to be found in the various private and public collections of almost every country in ,europe4 ,he died in the year #aggf4 ,illustration ,,liverseege 7,,henry74 ,henry ,liverseege was born at ,manchester1 in ,september1 #ahjc4 ,of humble parentage1 he was indebted to the benevolent care of an uncle for a liberal education4 ,his career as an artist began with copying fine paintings of old masters4 ,with the exception of a few visits to ,london1 he passed the whole of his life in his native town of ,manchester4 ,when in ,london he received considerable attention from those to whom his genius was known2 among others1 from ,etty1 the ,r4,a4 ,heath1 appreciating his genius1 gave him a commission to paint twelve subjects for the 8,book of ,beauty10 which1 however1 he did not live to commence4 ,his paintings1 which appeared at the ,society of ,british ,artists in ,london1 attracted general approval and admiration2 but in ,january #ahcb1 before the completion of his twenty-ninth year1 this promising artist breathed his last4 ,a ,,dear ,,model4 8,henry ,liverseege had the soul and sense to take nature for his everlasting model2 when he originated1 he originated out of the heart of life2 when he illustrated1 he made life sit for his illustrations4 ,in his paintings from ,shakspeare1 ,scott1 ,gay1 and ,butler1 and more especially in the more difficult of them1 he always procured living models4 ,take1 for instance1 the two subjects of #8,christopher ,sly and the ,hostess1' and #8,the ,black ,dwarf1' two of his most admirable paintings3 we have it on record that even for these he found life representatives1 and the anecdotes that attach to each picture are sufficiently amusing4 ,as regards ,christopher ,sly1 it was long before he could find such a cobbler as he desired4 ,at length he met with a man he thought would suit2 and1 having placed him in his studio1 set down a bottle of gin beside him1 saying1 #8,drink whenever you please4' ,the spirit of the cobbler1 being one of those that must lie in sleep some time1 and become half corrupted before it rises1 refused to stir2 he sat sober as a worshipful judge upon the bench4 ,another bottle of gin disappeared in the same way as the former1 but the son of ,crispin sat steady as ever4 #8,begone6' exclaimed the painter in a passion2 #8it will cost me more to make you drunk than the picture will procure me6' 8#8,the ,black ,dwarf1' it will readily be believed1 was a sort of poser in the way of tumbling upon an original2 but notwithstanding the difficulty of procuring a sitter sufficiently hideous or misshapen1 he at last discovered a miserable dwarf who afterwards sat to him1 and displayed on the completion of his likeness1 great wrath and indignation at what he considered the malicious mode in which his person was delineated3 he would not believe that it was anything like him1 and left the room unpaid1 in high dudgeon1 grumbling hoarsely as far as he could be heard1--for this fragment of humanity had the voice of a giant40 ,illustration ,,loutherbourg 7,,philip ,,james ,,de71 ,r4,a4 ,philip ,james ,de ,loutherbourg1 a distinguished landscape painter1 was born at ,strasburg1 in the month of ,october1 #agdj4 ,his father1 who was a miniature painter1 gave him a superior education4 ,he at first studied with ,tischbein1 then under ,casanova1 who1 at that time1 was much admired as an historical painter4 ,but ,loutherbourg's peculiar forte lay in landscape4 ,he obtained considerable reputation at ,paris1 and exhibited his works at the ,louvre4 ,he was admitted a member of the ,french ,academy in the year #agfh4 ,having come over to ,england1 he was1 in the year #agga1 elected a ,royal ,academician1 and was for some short time engaged as scene-painter at the ,opera ,house4 ,soon after his settling in ,england1 he got up1 under the name of the 8,eidophusikon10 a novel and highly interesting exhibition1 displaying the changes of the elements and their phenomena in a calm1 by moonlight1 at sunset1 and in a storm at sea4 ,this pictorial contrivance anticipated our present dioramas1 although upon a smaller scale4 ,it has been said of this painter3 8,his vigorous style of execution1 poetical imagination1 and his perfect knowledge of scenic effect1 well qualified him for a department of art which demands them all1 and which is held to be a subordinate one1 chiefly because its productions are soon laid aside1 and entirely forgotten40 ,he died at ,hammersmith1 ,march #aath1 #ahab1 in his seventy-third year4 ,,gilray4 ,the following is an extract from ,holcroft's ,diary3--8,went with ,geiseveiller to see the picture of the #8,siege of ,valenciennes1' by ,loutherbourg4 ,he went to the scene of action accompanied by ,gilray1 a ,scotchman1 famous among the lovers of caricature2 a man of talents1 however1 and uncommonly apt at sketching a hasty likeness4 ,one of the merits of the picture is the portraits it contains1 ,english and ,austrian4 ,the ,duke of ,york is the principal figure1 as the supposed conqueror2 and the ,austrian general1 who actually directed the siege1 is placed in a group1 where1 far from attracting attention1 he is but just seen4 ,the picture has great merit2 the difference of costume1 ,english and ,austrian1 ,italian1 etc41 is picturesque4 ,the horse drawing a cart in the foreground has that faulty affected energy of the ,french school1 which too often disgraces the works of ,loutherbourg4 ,another picture by the same artist1 as a companion to this1 is the #8,victory of ,lord ,howe on the #ast of ,june4' ,both were painted at the expense of ,mechel1 printseller at ,basle1 and of ,v4 and ,r4 ,green1 purposely for prints to be engraved from them4 ,for the pictures they paid #ejj each1 besides the expenses of ,gilray's journeys to ,valenciennes1 ,portsmouth1 etc40 ,,loutherbourg',s ,,eccentricity4 ,one day1 when he was painting1 he observed his footman driving a poor1 half-starved cat out of the area4 ,he immediately called out1 8,john1 bring the cat back40 8,he was stealing a piece of meat1 sir40 8,then he is hungry1 and you must feed him40 8,sir1 he has got the mange40 8,then the animal has a double claim on our commiseration4 ,bring him back1 and you must feed and cure him too2 and when he is cured1 let me see him4 ,i have an excellent receipt to cure that complaint40 ,,attitude ,,is ,,everything4 ,on another occasion1 he was painting a snake pursuing a traveller1 and could not please himself in regard to the attitude4 ,he rang the bell for ,john1 and1 on his appearance1 immediately caught him by the collar4 ,the footman started back4 8,your attitude is excellent10 cried his master4 8,that is all ,i wanted40 ,illustration ,,opie 7,,john71 ,r4,a4 ,john ,opie1 born ,may1 #agfa1 was a native of ,truro1 in ,cornwall1 where his father resided in an obscure situation4 ,dr4 ,wolcot took a fancy to the boy1 and finding he had a turn for painting1 the doctor employed him to paint his own portrait1 and recommended others4 ,this employment enabled ,opie to save #cj1 which he brought to ,london1 and soon became noticed as a genius of the first order4 ,success now smiled on his labours4 ,through ,mrs4 ,delaney1 the young artist was presented to ,his ,majesty1 who bought some pictures of him4 ,in #aghf he was known as an exhibitor at ,somerset ,house1 soon after which he aspired to academical honours4 ,he accordingly became1 first1 an ,academician ,elect1 and then a ,royal ,academician4 ,when the ,royal ,institution was formed1 it became necessary that an artist should be found out who could deliver lectures on the subject of painting1 and ,opie was accordingly selected for that purpose4 ,on the appointment of ,fuseli to the office of ,keeper of the ,academy1 ,opie was elected without any difficulty to the vacant ,professorship4 ,he was twice married4 ,the first was a most unhappy union2 for the wife1 within a few years after marriage1 encouraged a paramour1 which led to a separation and a lawsuit4 ,his next match was formed under more propitious circumstances4 ,he became united to ,miss ,alderson1 of ,norwich1 who is said to have possessed a fine taste for poetry and music4 ,there was no child of either marriage4 ,while enjoying high reputation in his art1 he was suddenly seized with a mortal disease1 and expired ,april #i1 #ahjg4 ,,the ,,affected ,,sitter4 ,when a lady whose portrait he was painting was mustering all her smiles to look charming1 the irritated artist could endure the constrained and affected features no longer2 but starting up1 and throwing down his brush1 exclaimed1 in his broad style1 8,i tell ye what it is1 ma'am1 if ye grin so ,i canna draw ye40 ,,reynolds 7,,sir ,,joshua71 ,p4,r4,a4 ,joshua ,reynolds was born in ,july1 #agbc4 ,his father1 the ,rev4 ,samuel ,reynolds1 was much esteemed for his urbane and benevolent disposition1 and possessed much keen humour4 ,at the early age of eight years1 ,joshua gave promise of that genius which in subsequent life gained him such eminence1 and so well entitled him to be regarded as 8the ,founder of the ,british ,school of ,painting40 ,it was in #agce1 when the young artist was but eleven years of age1 that he painted his first portrait1 that of the ,rev4 ,thomas ,smart4 ,this portrait is represented to have been painted from a drawing taken in church on the artist's thumbnail4 ,the celebrated portrait painter1 ,hudson1 had ,joshua for his articled pupil1 with whom he received a premium of #abj1 and who soon displayed signs of his after excellence in the line of face painting4 ,he started for ,rome in the year #agdi4 ,afterwards he visited ,bologna1 ,genoa1 ,parma1 ,florence1 and ,venice1 returning to and establishing himself in ,england in #ageb4 ,from this time ,reynolds had abundant employment1 and his celebrity advanced in proportion4 ,although since his return from his travels1 ,hudson1 the former master of ,reynolds1 with many others1 expressed the opinion that he did not paint so well as before he left ,england1 they all candidly confessed within a very short time the error of their opinion4 ,after enjoying a career of unusual success and prosperity1 this eminent artist1 after a long illness1 died on the #bcrd of ,february1 #agib1 in the #fith year of his age4 ,,astley4 ,john ,astley was a fellow-pupil of ,reynolds in the school of ,hudson4 ,they were also companions at ,rome4 ,being very poor and proud1 ,astley suffered much through his sensitive temperament in trying to conceal from his companions his narrow circumstances4 ,being one of a party1 which included ,reynolds1 on a country excursion1 it was agreed through the heat of the weather to relieve themselves by walking without their coats4 ,after much persuasion1 poor ,astley removed his coat with considerable reluctance1 when it was discovered he had made the back of his waistcoat out of one of his own landscapes2 and his coat being taken off1 he displayed a foaming waterfall1 which gave much mirth to his companions1 though to the poor artist much pain4 ,,reynolds ,,on ,,art4 ,dr4 ,tucker1 ,dean of ,gloucester1 observed in the great artist's hearing that a pin-maker was a more useful and valuable member of society than ,raffaelle4 8,that10 retorted ,reynolds1 8is an observation of a very narrow mind1--a mind that is confined to the mere object of commerce1--that sees with a microscopic eye but a part of the great machine of the economy of life1 and thinks that small part which he sees to be the whole4 ,commerce is the means1 not the end1 of happiness or pleasure2 the end is a rational enjoyment by means of the arts and sciences40 ,,johnson',s ,,portrait4 ,in #agge ,reynolds painted that portrait of ,dr4 ,johnson which represents him as reading and near-sighted4 ,this was very displeasing to ,johnson1 who1 when he saw it1 reproved ,sir ,joshua for painting him in that manner and attitude1 saying1 8,it is not friendly to hand down to posterity the imperfections of any man40 ,but1 on the contrary1 ,sir ,joshua himself esteemed it a circumstance in nature to be remarked as characterizing the person represented1 and therefore as giving additional value to the portrait4 ,of this circumstance1 ,mrs4 ,thrale says1 8,i observed that he would not be known by posterity for his defects only1 let ,sir ,joshua do his worst20 and when she adverted to his own picture painted with the ear trumpet1 and done in this year for ,mr4 ,thrale1 she records ,johnson to have answered1 8,he may paint himself as deaf as he chooses1 but ,i will not be ,blinking ,sam40 ,,reynolds',s ,,sundays4 ,sir ,joshua was wont to say3 8,he will never make a painter1 who looks for the ,sunday with pleasure1 as an idle day20 and his pocket journals form ample proof that it was his habit to receive sitters on ,sundays as on other days4 ,this much displeased ,dr4 ,johnson2 and ,boswell says the doctor made three requests of ,sir ,joshua a short time before his death3 one was to forgive him #cj1 which he had borrowed of ,sir ,joshua2 another was that ,sir ,joshua would carefully read the ,scriptures2 and lastly1 that he would abstain from using his pencil in future on the ,sabbath-day4 ,,dr4 ,,johnson4 8,at the time when ,sir ,joshua resided in ,newport ,street1 he1 one afternoon1 accompanied by his sister ,frances1 paid a visit to the ,misses ,cotterell1 who lived much in the fashionable world4 ,johnson was also of the party on this tea visit1 and at that time being very poor1 he was1 as might be expected1 rather shabbily and slovenly apparelled4 ,the maid-servant by accident attended at the door to let them in1 but did not know ,johnson1 although he had been a frequent visitor at the house1 he having always been attended by the man-servant4 ,johnson was the last of the three that came in1 when the servant maid1 seeing this uncouth and dirty figure of a man1 and not conceiving he could be one of the company who came to visit her mistresses1 laid hold of his coat just as he was going upstairs1 and pulled him back again1 saying1 #8,you fellow1 what is your business here8 ,i suppose you intended to rob the house4' ,this most unlucky accident threw poor ,johnson into such a fit of shame and anger1 that he roared out like a bull2 for he could not immediately articulate1 and was with difficulty at last able to utter1 #8,what have ,i done8 ,what have ,i done8' ,nor could he recover himself for the remainder of the evening from this mortifying circumstance40 ,,garrick',s ,,pleasantry4 ,david ,garrick sat many times to ,reynolds for different portraits4 ,at one of these sittings he gave a very lively account of his having sat once for his portrait to an indifferent painter1 whom he wantonly teased2 for when the artist had worked on the face till he had drawn it very correctly1 as he saw it at the time1 ,garrick caught an opportunity1 whilst the painter was not looking at him1 totally to change his countenance and expression1 when the poor painter patiently worked on to alter the picture1 and make it like what he then saw2 and when ,garrick perceived that it was thus altered1 he seized another opportunity1 and changed his countenance to a third character1 which when the poor tantalized artist perceived1 he in a great rage1 threw down his palette and pencils1 saying he believed he was painting from the devil1 and would do no more to the picture4 ,,duchess ,,of ,,marlborough4 ,reynolds took snuff so freely when painting1 as to cause much inconvenience to some of his distinguished sitters4 ,northcote relates that when the artist was painting the large picture at ,blenheim1 of the ,marlborough family1 the duchess ordered a servant to bring a broom and sweep the snuff from off the carpet2 but ,reynolds desired the servant to let the snuff remain until he had finished the painting1 observing that the dust raised by the broom would do more injury to his picture than the snuff could possibly do to the carpet4 ,,pope4 ,reynolds1 when seventeen years old1 saw ,pope at an auction room4 ,on the celebrated writer's approach1 those assembled made way and formed an avenue for him to pass through1 which show of respect ,pope acknowledged by bowing several times4 ,he was about four feet six inches in height1 was very humpbacked1 wore a black coat1 and had on a little sword4 ,the artist describes him as having a fine eye1 and a long1 handsome nose2 his mouth had those peculiar marks which are always found in the mouths of crooked persons2 and the muscles which run across the cheek were so strongly marked as to appear like small cords4 ,,michael ,,angelo4 ,reynolds had so great admiration for the genius of ,m4 ,angelo1 that he never lost an opportunity of doing justice to the great ,italian's merits4 ,he thus expressed himself in his last discourse he delivered at the ,royal ,academy3--8,i feel a self-congratulation in knowing myself capable of such sensations as he intended to excite2 ,i reflect1 not without vanity1 that these discourses bear testimony of my admiration of that truly divine man2 and ,i should desire that the last words which ,i should pronounce in this ,academy1 and from this place1 might be the name of ,michael ,angelo40 ,,reynolds',s ,,study4 ,allan ,cunningham gives the following3-- 8,sir ,joshua's study was octagonal1 some twenty feet long1 sixteen broad1 and about fifteen feet high4 ,the window was small and square1 and the sill nine feet from the floor4 ,his sitter's chair moved on casters1 and stood above the floor a foot and a half4 ,he held his palettes by handles1 and the sticks of his brushes were eighteen inches long4 ,he wrought standing1 and with great celerity4 ,he rose early1 breakfasted at nine1 entered his study at ten1 examined designs or touched unfinished portraits till eleven brought a sitter1 painted till four1 then dressed1 and gave the evening to company40 ,,dr4 ,,johnson',s ,,opinion ,,of ,,artists4 ,before ,johnson's intimate acquaintance with ,reynolds1 he thus writes to his friend1 ,baretti2--8,they 7meaning the artists7 please themselves much with the multitude of spectators1 and imagine that the ,english school will rise in reputation4 ,this exhibition has filled the heads of the artists and lovers of art10--and further on he adds1 8surely life1 if it be not long1 is tedious1 since we are forced to call in the assistance of so many trifles to rid us of our time1--of that time which never can return60 ,when ,dr4 ,johnson became acquainted and intimate with ,reynolds1 he was induced to alter the above opinion1 and to highly esteem the virtues and talents of ,sir ,joshua1 as well as to admire the ,art he professed2 for on the third exhibition of the works of modern artists1 ,johnson wrote an apologetical advertisement for the catalogue1 at which time the artists ventured upon the bold experiment of charging one shilling admittance each person1 which has remained the customary charge for admission to exhibitions of art to the present time4 ,,reynolds',s ,,discourses4 ,on one of the evenings when ,sir ,joshua delivered his discourses at the ,academy1 and when the audience was1 as usual1 numerous1 and composed principally of the learned and great1 the ,earl of ,c----1 who was present1 came up to him1 saying1 8,sir ,joshua1 you read your discourse in so low a tone1 that ,i could not distinguish one word you said40 ,to which the president with a smile replied1 8,that was to my advantage40 ,,garrick',s ,,portraits4 ,the artist had it long in contemplation to paint a picture of an extensive composition purposely to display the various powers of ,garrick as an actor4 ,the principal figure in the front was to have been a full length of ,garrick1 in his own proper habit1 in the action of speaking a prologue1 surrounded by groups of figures representing him in all the different characters1 by personifying which he had gained some fame on the stage4 ,this scheme ,sir ,joshua described to ,garrick at the time he was painting his portrait2 and ,garrick expressed great pleasure when he heard it1 and seemed to enjoy the idea prodigiously1 saying1 8,that will be the very thing ,i desire2 the only way that ,i can indeed be handed down to posterity40 ,,sir ,,joshua',s ,,generosity4 8,what do you ask for this sketch80 said ,sir ,joshua to an old picture dealer1 whose portfolio he was looking over4 8,twenty guineas1 your honour40 8,twenty pence1 ,i suppose you mean80 8,no1 sir2 it is true ,i would have taken twenty pence for it this morning2 but if you think it worth looking at1 all the world would think it worth buying40 ,sir ,joshua ordered him to send the sketch home1 and gave him the twenty guineas4 ,,an ,,epicure',s ,,advice4 ,at a venison feast1 ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds addressed his conversation to one of the company who sat next to him1 but to his great surprise could not get a single word in answer1 until at length his silent neighbour1 turning to him1 said1 8,mr4 ,reynolds1 whenever you are at a venison feast1 ,i advise you not to speak during dinner-time1 as in endeavouring to answer your questions1 ,i have just swallowed a fine piece of fat1 entire1 without tasting its flavour40 ,,lord ,,mansfield4 ,one day when ,lord ,mansfield was sitting1 ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds asked him his opinion1 if he thought it was a likeness2--when his lordship replied that it was totally out of his power to judge of its degree of resemblance1 as he had not seen his own face in any looking-glass during the last thirty years of his life2 for his servant always dressed him and put on his wig1 which therefore rendered it quite unnecessary for him to look at himself in a mirror4 ,illustration ,,roubiliac 7,,louis ,,francis74 ,louis ,francis ,roubiliac was born at ,lyons1 in ,france1 in the year #afie4 ,by long residence in ,england1 and the encouragement afforded for the development of his talents1 he is claimed as forming one of the sculptors of the ,english ,school4 ,his first public employment was obtained through the recommendation of ,sir ,edward ,walpole4 ,this was soon after followed by a commission to execute the monument of ,john1 ,duke of ,argyle1 which when finished1 was the largest of ,roubiliac's works4 ,the merits of this monument caused the sculptor to be patronized widely1 and indeed to be more resorted to than any other in the profession4 ,after an absence from ,england on the continent fer a few years1--where he had been to study some of the great works in sculpture1--he returned fully sensible of the simplicity and grandeur of the antique2 for on beholding those of his own works1 which had been so highly praised1 he is said to have exclaimed1 8,tobacco-pipes1 by ,jove60 ,roubiliac died on the #aath ,january1 #agfb4 ,,goldsmith4 ,goldsmith had the habit of boasting that he could play on the ,german flute as well as most men2 and at other times as well as any man living2 but in truth he understood not the character in which music is written1 and played on that instrument as many others do1 merely by ear4 ,roubiliac once heard him play1 and minding to put a trick upon him1 pretended to be charmed with his performance1 as also that he himself was skilled in the art1 and entreated him to repeat the air that he might write it down4 ,goldsmith readily consenting1 ,roubiliac called for paper and scored thereon a few five-line staves1 which having done1 ,goldsmith proceeded to play1 and ,roubiliac to write2 but his writing was only such random notes on the lines and spaces1 as any one might set down who had ever inspected a page of music4 ,when they had both done1 ,roubiliac showed the paper to ,goldsmith1 who looked over it with seeming great attention1 said it was very correct1 and that if he had not seen him do it1 he never could have believed his friend capable of writing music after him4 ,,roubiliac',s ,,honesty4 ,when a young man in the humble situation of a journeyman to a person of the name of ,carter1 ,roubiliac had spent an evening at ,vauxhall1 and on his return towards home he picked up a pocket-book containing bank notes to a considerable amount1 also some private papers of consequence to the owner4 ,he immediately advertised the circumstance2 a claimant soon appeared1 who was so struck with the honest conduct and genius of ,roubiliac1 that he promised to befriend him in future4 ,the owner of the pocket-book was ,sir ,edward ,walpole2 and the only present the honest and gentlemanly pride of the artist would allow him to receive was a fat buck annually4 ,,bernini4 ,on ,roubiliac's return from ,rome he paid a visit to ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds1 and expressed himself in raptures on what he had seen on the continent1--on the exquisite beauty of the works of antiquity1--and the captivating and luxuriant splendour of ,bernini4 8,it is natural to suppose10 said he1 8that ,i was infinitely impatient till ,i had taken a survey of my own performances in ,westminster ,abbey2 after having seen such a variety of excellence1 and by ,g--1 my own work looked to me meagre and starved as if made of nothing but tobacco-pipes40 ,,lord ,,shelburne4 ,roubiliac being on a visit in ,wiltshire1 happened to take a walk in a churchyard on a ,sunday morning1 near ,bowood1 just as the congregation was coming out of church4 ,meeting with old ,lord ,shelburne1 though perfect strangers to each other1 they entered into conversation1 which ended in an invitation to dinner4 ,when the company were all assembled at table1 ,roubiliac discovered a fine antique bust of one of the ,roman empresses which stood over a side-table4 ,whereupon running up to it with much enthusiasm1 he exclaimed1 8,what an air6 what a pretty mouth6 what tout ensemble60 ,the company began to stare at one another for some time1 and ,roubiliac regained his seat2 but instead of eating his dinner1 or showing attention to anything about him1 he every now and then burst out in fits of admiration in praise of the bust4 ,the guests by this time concluding he was mad1 began to retire one by one1 till ,lord ,shelburne was almost left alone1 ,this determined his lordship to be a little more particular1 and he now1 for the first time1 asked him his name1 8,my name60 replied the other1 8what1 do you not know me then8 my name is ,roubiliac40 8,i beg your pardon10 said his lordship2 8,i now feel that ,i should have known you40 ,then calling on the company who had retired to the next room1 he said1 8,ladies and gentlemen1 you may come in2 this is no absolute madman1 this is ,m4 ,roubiliac1 the greatest statuary of his day1 and only occasionally mad in the admiration of his art40 ,,dr4 ,,johnson4 ,roubiliac desired of ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds that he would introduce him to ,dr4 ,johnson1 at the time when the doctor lived in ,gough ,square1 ,fleet ,street4 ,his object was to prevail on ,johnson to write an epitaph for a monument on which ,roubiliac was engaged for ,westminster ,abbey4 ,sir ,joshua accordingly introduced him to the doctor1 they being strangers to each other4 ,johnson received him with much civility1 and took them up into a garret which he considered as his library1 in which1 besides his books all covered with dust1 there was an old crazy deal table1 and a still worse and older elbow chair1 having only three legs4 ,in this chair ,johnson seated himself1 after having with considerable dexterity and evident practice first drawn it up against the wall1 which served to support it on that side on which the leg was deficient4 ,he then took up his pen and demanded what they wanted him to write4 ,on this ,roubiliac1 who was a true ,frenchman1 began a most bombastic and ridiculous harangue on what he thought should be the kind of epitaph most proper for the purpose1 all which the doctor was to write down for him in correct language2 when ,johnson1 who could not suffer any one to dictate to him1 quickly interrupted him in an angry tone of voice1 saying1 8,come1 come1 sir1 let us have no more of this bombastic1 ridiculous rhodomontade1 but let us know1 in simple language1 the name1 character1 and quality of the person whose epitaph you intend to have me write40 ,,roubiliac',s ,,poetic ,,effusions4 ,at the ,exhibition of ,works of ,art1 opened in ,may1 #agfd1 the following appeared in the ,st4 ,james's ,chronicle from the pen of the sculptor3-- 8,prtendu connoisseur qui sur l'antique glose1 ,idolatrant le nom sans connotre la chose1 ,vrai peste des beaux arts1 sans got1 sans quit1 ,quittez ce ton pedant1 ce mprise affect ,pour tout ce que le tems n'a pas encore gt4 8,ne peus-tu pas1 en admirant ,les matres de ,grce1 et ceux de l',italie1 ,rendre justice galement ,a ceux qu'a nourris ta patrie8 8,vois ce salon1 et tu perdras ,cette prvention injuste4 ,et bien1 tonn1 conviendras ,qu'il ne faut pas qu'un ,mcnas ,pour revoir le sicle d',auguste40 ,illustration ,,ryland 7,,william ,,wynne74 ,william ,wynne ,ryland was born in ,london in the year #agcb4 ,he was placed at an early age under ,ravenet1 with whom he made much progress in the art4 ,at the expiration of his apprenticeship he went over to ,paris1 and lived with ,boucher between four and five years4 ,on leaving ,paris1 he started for ,rome1 where he studied some time4 ,on his return to ,england1 where his fame had preceded him1 he was welcomed and courted by all members of his profession4 ,he was soon employed by the favourite minister1 the ,earl of ,bute1 and being introduced to their majesties1 he was honoured by the appointment of ,engraver to the ,king4 ,to extricate himself from some embarrassments1 he committed an extensive forgery upon the ,east ,india ,company1 for which he was tried and executed in the year #aghc4 ,,magnanimity4 ,it is stated of this artist that while awaiting his trial he so conciliated the friendship of the governor of ,bridewell that he not only had the liberty of the whole house and garden1 but when the other prisoners were locked up of an evening1 the governor used to take ,ryland out with him4 ,his friends concerted a plan by which he was to take advantage of this indulgence to effect his escape4 ,but when this was mentioned to the prisoner he seemed much affected at the proposal4 ,he protested that if he was at that moment to meet his punishment1 he would embrace it with all its terrors rather than betray a confidence so humanely given4 ,this resolution he adhered to1 and ultimately preferred the risk of death to a breach of friendship4 ,,self-,,possession4 ,on the forgery being discovered1 a reward of five hundred pounds was offered for his apprehension4 ,large placards mentioning this high reward1 and giving a close description of his person1 were posted all over the town4 ,ryland had secreted himself at a friend's house in the neighbourhood of ,wapping4 ,notwithstanding that the detectives were all alert1 he would venture out after dark4 ,in crossing ,little ,tower ,hill1 a stranger passed him1 turned round1 followed1 and confronted him with1 8,you are the very man ,i want40 ,ryland1 looking him steadily in the face1 calmly answered1 8,but you are mistaken in your man20 adding1 8,i have not the pleasure of knowing you40 ,the stranger1 who really was looking for some other person1 apologised for his mistake1 and resumed his way4 ,,red ,,chalk ,,engravings4 8,ryland and ,picot1 a ,french engraver1 who had learned from ,demarteau1 in ,paris1 the mode of stippling in what was termed the red chalk manner1 had brought it over to ,england about the year #aggj4 ,demarteau1 who was himself an excellent draughtsman1 confined his attempts to the clever chalk drawings and sketches by ,boucher and ,vanloo1 of whose ,academy figures he produced bold1 mellow1 and unrivalled imitations4 ,ryland and ,picot made use of the stippling to produce elaborate prints from finished pictures4 ,like other easy novelties1 it became immediately the fashion1 and for a time gave currency to the languid elegance of ,angelica ,kauffman's designs1 who1 in return1 extolled the stippling to her courtly patrons4 ,dilettanti lords and ladies1 the connoisseurs of ,st4 ,james's and ,st4 ,giles's1 the town and country1 clamoured in admiration of the #8beautiful red prints4' ,they became a favourite decoration everywhere from the palace to the lodging-house1 and a sentimental swarm of sickly designs from incidents in favourite novels succeeded to the gentle1 nerveless groups of ,angelica40--,european ,magazine4 ,illustration ,,teniers 7,,david71 ,,father ,,and ,,son4 ,david ,teniers was born at ,antwerp in #aehb4 ,he studied under ,rubens1 and afterwards at ,rome4 ,on his return home he employed himself in painting small pictures of carousals1 fairs1 and rural scenes1 which he executed in an admirable manner4 ,he died in #afdi4 ,he had two sons1 ,abraham and ,david1 who were both artists2 the former excelled in the chiaroscuro1 and expression of character4 ,the younger1 ,david1 born at ,antwerp in #afaj1 was called 8the ,ape of ,painting10 from his facility in imitating any style4 ,he was esteemed by several sovereigns1 and the ,king of ,spain erected a gallery on purpose for his pictures4 ,his chief talent lay in landscape and conversations4 ,he died in #afid4 ,,david ,,teniers ,,the ,,younger1 ,,at ,,the ,,village ,,ale ,,house4 ,from ,payne's 8,royal ,dresden ,gallery0 we extract the following3-- 8,let us follow our artist in one of his wanderings4 ,he strolls from the time-honoured walls of ,antwerp1 towards a village situated on the ,scheldt1 and enters the ale-house1 which has already furnished him with so many original sketches1 and is not likely to fail on the present occasion4 ,four guests1 attended by the toothless old servant of the house1 are seated at a table of rough oak2 but their discourse is of such a deeply interesting character that they take no notice whatever of either host1 hostess1 or guests4 8,on the right of the table sits an old ,scheldt fisherman with a dilapidated high crowned hat on his head1 a decided countenance1 which is shaded by an ample beard2 his well used pipe of brown clay together with its accompanying bag of tobacco are stuck in his girdle like weapons of war4 ,this man is called by the others ,jan van ,bierlich4 ,on the other side of the table sits the son of the old boatman1 a powerful looking fellow about thirty years old1 with an open cast of countenance4 ,he wears the old ,flemish jacket without arms1 and an old-fashioned head dress3 this man's name is ,willen4 8,in vain has the son importuned the father to permit him to marry the prettiest1 but poorest1 maiden of the village4 ,the father of the bride1 ,mynheer ,taaks1 has taken his place opposite to the boatman2 he is a mild looking man1 with long brown hair4 ,the fourth guest is ,izak1 a bearded son of ,israel1 and the negociator of the present affair4 8,he has promised the bride ,katerina to advance the necessary dowry1 on condition the bridegroom will take the debt on himself4 ,all three have consequently combined to persuade the boatman to take their view of the case4 #8,i will give my ,katerina two thousand golden florins6' cries ,taaks4 #8,but ,i have not said ,ja1' replies the boatman4 #8,have you anything to say against the maiden8' #8,nothing at all1' replies the boatman2 #8,i like her very well if she has got money4 ,but ,i object to you1 ,mynheer ,taaks1 because you are not able to drink a proper quantity of beer3 do you think ,i am going to have a relation that will annoy me all the days of my life instead of being a comfort to me8' ,izak winked at ,taaks4 #8,as for that1' said ,taaks1 #8,i believe ,i can drink more than you1 ,mynheer6' 8#8,i should like to see you do that1' said the boatman1 drily4 #8,but ,i will only drink on a proper understanding1--,is my daughter to marry your son1 if ,i prove to be a good toper8' #8,how can ,i tell what you call a good toper8' cried ,jan1 #8but ,i am willing to have one bout with you2 and if you can drink a single glass more than ,i1 ,i shall say you are a good fellow1 and you may bring your daughter to my house to-morrow4' ,he1 however1 whispered to ,izak--#8,taaks will soon be under the table1 and that alone will be well worth a hundred florins4' ,the landlord brought beer and chalk2 the topers emptied the glasses in good earnest1 and scored each glass on the table beside them4 ,at length the old boatman beckoned to ,taaks1 who was laughing heartily1 but had for some time left off drinking1 and was regarding him with an air that showed he was confident of victory4 #8,the battle is over6' cried ,jan1 #8,i can drink no more2 we will not count the glasses4' #8,oh6 ,mynheer1' cried ,taaks1 #8,i have got the most scores6' ,jan sprang on his feet1 bent over the table1 and compared his score carefully with that of his opponent4 #8,what witchcraft is this8' roared the boatman1 clenching his fists1 #8you have not scored too much1 because ,i have watched you the whole time1 and ,i have as surely not scored too little1 and yet you have drunk two more glasses than ,i8 ,i who was never beaten at beer-drinking before6' ,willen1 his son1 reckoned the score after him1 while the old servant1 who saw the joke1 glanced slily over his shoulder at the scene1 while old ,izak observed the comical fury of the old boatman with a very knowing look4 ,the fact was1 that ,izak had secretly contrived to rub out part of old ,jan's score as soon as he had marked it down4 8,jan called the host as a witness2 the host took the chalk1 went to the doorpost1 and began to reckon2 but the rogue had been drawn into the plot1 and he completed the joke1 by making his reckoning agree with that of the others4 ,jan van ,bierlich was compelled1 as a man of his word1 to strike his colours4 ,five minutes afterwards1 ,willen and the pretty ,katerina were betrothed1 and a few moments later ,david ,teniers1 the younger1 returned to ,antwerp1 carrying in his pocket the sketch of this charming picture40 ,illustration ,,west 7,,benjamin71 ,p4,r4,a4 ,benjamin ,west was born in ,america1 in the year #agch4 ,it is said that his grandfather was one of those who accompanied the celebrated ,penn to the young country4 ,like most of those who make their way in the art of painting1 he very early displayed a strong inclination for drawing4 ,after considerable difficulty in pecuniary matters1 he was enabled1 chiefly through his own industry1 to visit ,italy4 ,he suffered several severe attacks of illness while in ,italy1 notwithstanding which his progress in the art was very rapid4 ,he visited ,london in #agfc4 ,his pictures exhibited in ,spring ,gardens meeting with much favour1 he resolved to fix his residence here in the country of his ancestors4 ,the amount of professional work--chiefly historical--produced by this great artist is beyond all precedent4 ,of his many compositions the best are generally admitted to be those taken from ,sacred ,history4 ,and generally as an historical painter1 it would be difficult to name his superior in the amount of his productions and artistic merit4 ,he died in #ahbj1 at the age of #hb4 ,,leigh ,,hunt4 ,among the large circle of the friends of ,mr4 ,west was the late ,leigh ,hunt1 who thus expresses his warm attachment on the sale of the celebrated artist's pictures3-- 8,it is a villainous thing to those who have known a man for years1 and been intimate with the quiet inside of his house1 privileged from intrusion1 to see a sale of his goods going on upon the premises4 ,it is often not to be helped1 and what he himself wishes and enjoins2 but still it is a villainous necessity1--a hard cut to some of one's oldest and tenderest recollections4 ,there is a sale of this kind now going on in the house we spoke of last week4 ,we spoke of it then under an impulse not easy to be restrained1 and not difficult to be allowed us2 and we speak of it now under another4 ,we were returning the day before yesterday from a house where we had been entertained with lively accounts of foreign countries and the present features of the time1 when we saw the door in ,newman ,street standing wide open1 and disclosing to every passenger a part of the gallery at the end of the hall4 ,all our boyhood came over us1 with the recollection of those who had accompanied us into that house4 ,we hesitated whether we should go in1 and see an auction taking place of the old quiet abstraction2 but we do not easily suffer an unpleasant and vulgar association to overcome a greater one2 and besides1 how could we pass8 ,having passed the threshold1 without the ceremony of the smiling old porter1 we found a worthy person sitting at the door of the gallery1 who1 on hearing our name1 seemed to have old times come upon him as much as ourselves1 and was very warm in his services4 ,we entered the gallery1 which we had entered hundreds of times in childhood1 by the side of a mother1 who used to speak of the great persons and transactions in the pictures on each side of her with a hushing reverence1 as if they were really present4 ,but the pictures were not there--neither ,cupid with his doves1 nor ,agrippina with the ashes of ,germanicus1 nor the ,angel slaying the army of ,sennacherib1 nor ,death on the ,pale ,horse1 nor ,jesus healing the ,sick1 nor the ,deluge1 nor ,moses on the ,mount1 nor ,king ,richard pardoning his brother ,john1 nor the installation of the old ,knights of the ,garter1 nor ,greek and ,italian stories1 nor the landscapes of ,windsor ,forest1 nor ,sir ,philip ,sidney1 mortally wounded1 giving up the water to the dying ,soldier4 ,they used to cover the wall2 but now there were only a few engravings4 ,the busts and statues also were gone4 ,but there was the graceful little piece of garden as usual1 with its grass-plat and its clumps of lilac4 ,they could not move the grass plat1 even to sell it4 ,turning to the left1 there was the privileged study which we used to enter between the ,venus de ,medicis and the ,apollo of the ,vatican4 ,they were gone1 like their mythology4 ,beauty and intellect were no longer waiting on each side of the door4 ,turning again1 we found the longer part of the gallery like the other2 and in the vista through another room1 the auction was going on4 ,we saw a throng of faces of business with their hats on1 and heard the hard-hearted knocks of the hammer1 in a room which used to hold the mild and solitary artist at his work1 and which had never been entered but with quiet steps and a face of consideration4 ,we did not stop a minute4 ,in the room between this and the gallery1 huddled up in a corner1 were the busts and statues which had given us a hundred thoughts4 ,since the days when we first saw them1 we have seen numbers like them1 and many of more valuable materials2 for though good of their kind1 and of old standing1 they are but common plaster4 ,but the thoughts and the recollections belonged to no others1 and it appeared sacrilege to see them in that state4 #8,apollo from his shrine ,can no more divine3 99 99 99 99 ,and each peculiar power foregoes his wonted seat4' 8,into the parlour1 which opens out of the hall and into the garden1 we did not look4 ,we scarcely know why2 but we did not4 ,in that parlour1 we used to hear of our maternal ancestors1 stout yet kind-hearted ,englishmen1 who set up their tents with ,penn in the wilderness4 ,and there we learnt to unite the love of freedom with that of the graces of life2 for our host1 though born a ,quaker1 and appointed a royal painter1 and not so warm in his feelings as those about him1 had all the natural amenity belonging to those graces1 and never truly lost sight of that love of freedom4 ,there we grew up acquainted with the divine humanities of ,raphael4 ,there we remember a large coloured print of the old ,lion-,hunt of ,rubens1 in which the boldness of the action and the glow of colouring overcome the horror of the struggle4 ,and there1 long before we knew anything of ,ariosto1 we were as familiar as young playmates with the beautiful ,angelica and ,medoro1 who helped to fill our life with love4 8,may a blessing be upon that house1 and upon all who know how to value the genius of it60 ,,john ,,constable4 ,constable used to relate3--8,under some disappointment1 ,i think it was the rejection at the ,academy of a view of ,flatford ,mill1 ,i carried a picture to ,mr4 ,west1 who said3 #8,don't be disheartened1 young man1 we shall hear of you again2 you must have loved nature very much before you could have painted this4' ,he then took a piece of chalk and showed me how ,i might improve the chiaroscuro by some additional touches of light between the stems and branches of the trees1 saying2 #8,always remember1 sir1 that light and shadow never stand still10--and added3 #8,whatever object you are painting1 keep in mind its accidental appearance 7unless in the subject there is some peculiar reason for the latter71 and never be content until you have transferred that to canvas4 ,in your skies1 for instance1 always aim at brightness1 although there are states of the atmosphere in which the sky itself is not bright4 ,i do not mean that you are not to paint solemn or lowering skies1 but even in the darkest effects there should be brightness4 ,your darks should look like the darks of silver1 not of lead or of slate4'0 ,,william ,,woollet4 ,the following amusing anecdote is told of the engraver's unexpected alterations in a plate4 ,on bringing to ,mr4 ,west what he conceived to be a finished impression of one of his prints from an historical picture by the great painter1 he inquired1 with his usual mild deference1 8,if ,mr4 ,west thought that there was anything more to be done to the plate80 ,the painter1 with a tone of affability and a smile of pleasure1 while he surveyed the print1 exclaimed3 8,more6 ,anything more1 ,mr4 ,woollet6 ,no1 sir1 nothing1--nothing4 ,it is excellent6 admirable6 only just suppose we take down these shadows1 in the middle distance2 a nothing1--a mere nothing60--at the same time touching upon that part of the print with grey chalk1 to lower it to the requisite tint2--8,nothing1 ,mr4 ,woollet6 nothing at all6 ,it is fine1 very fine6--but perhaps we may throw a little more force into these near figures10--heightening the shadows with black chalk1--8then1 ,i think1 all will be done6--,yes1 all6 nothing will remain2 only1 if we can contrive to keep those parts together30--adding a faint wash of ,india ink4 8,there--there1 now take it3 ,mr4 ,woollet take it2 it would be overdoing it to hazard a single touch more6 ,but stop6--stay6 this reflection in the water2--a few touches1 just to keep it quiet2--and the edges of these clouds a little more1--that is1 ,i mean1 a little less edgy1--more kept down4 ,good1 very good6--,there1 now1 ,mr4 ,woollet1 you shall not persuade me to give it another touch2 you can make these few little alterations1 any time at your leisure40 ,woollet1 who justly looked up to ,west as the father of the ,british ,school of ,historical ,painting1 heard and saw all with thankful good humour1 while ,west spoke and worked1 and worked and spoke upon the proof2 although the engraver was conscious that the suggested alterations would occupy a long time1 and they actually delayed the publication some months1 though with great advantage to the effect of the engraving4 ,,james ,,northcote1 ,r4,a4 8,i remember once being at the ,academy1 when ,sir ,joshua wished to propose a monument to ,dr4 ,johnson in ,st4 ,paul's1 and ,west got up and said that the ,king1 he knew1 was averse to anything of the kind1 for he had been proposing a similar monument in ,westminster ,abbey for a man of the greatest genius and celebrity1--one whose works were in all the cabinets of the curious throughout ,europe1--one whose name they would all hear with the greatest respect2 and then it came out1 after a long preamble1 that he meant ,woollet1 who had engraved his #8,death of ,wolfe4' ,i was provoked1 and could not help exclaiming3 #8,my ,god6 ,what6 do you put him upon a footing with such a man as ,dr4 ,johnson1--one of the greatest philosophers and moralists that ever lived8 ,we have thousands of engravers at any time6' ,and there was such a burst of laughter at this1--,dance1 who was a grave gentleman1 laughed till the tears ran down his cheeks2 and ,farrington1 the painter1 used afterwards to say to me1 #8,why don't you speak in the ,academy1 and begin with 8,my ,god60 as you do sometimes8'0 ,,youthful ,,ambition4 ,west entertained very grand notions of ,art and of its professors4 ,he was about to ride with a school-fellow to a neighbouring plantation4 8,here is the horse10 said the boy1 8bridled and saddled1 so come1 get up behind me40 8,behind you60 said ,west2 8,i will ride behind nobody60 8,oh1 very well10 said the other1 8,i will ride behind you2 so mount40 ,he mounted1 and away they rode4 8,this is the last ride ,i shall have for some time10 said the boy2 8for ,i am1 to-morrow1 to be apprenticed to a tailor40 8,a tailor60 exclaimed ,west2 8you will surely never be a tailor60 8,indeed1 but ,i shall10 returned the other2 8it is a good trade4 ,what do you intend to be1 ,ben80 8,a painter60 8,a painter6--,why1 what sort of a trade is painter8 ,i have never heard o' it before40 8,a painter10 said ,west1 grandly1 8is the companion of kings and emperors40 8,you are surely mad10 said the other2 8,why1 they don't have kings nor emperors in ',merriky60 8,ah6 but there are plenty in other parts of the world4 ,but do you really mean to be a tailor80 8,indeed ,i do2 there's nothing more certain40 8,then you may ride alone10 said ,west1 leaping down2 8,i will not ride with one who would be a tailor40 ,,perseverance ,,in ,,art4 ,being subject to the gout1 it attacked his right hand while he was painting his great picture of 8,death on the ,pale ,horse20 but this did not check his ardour1 for he proceeded with his left hand1 and the whole was finished by himself without any assistance4 ,illustration ,,wilkie 7,,sir ,,david71 ,r4,a4 ,david ,wilkie1 the son of a ,scotch minister1 was born in #aghe4 ,his genius for the art in which he was destined to become so famous1 was displayed even in his infancy1 and led to his being sent to study in the ,edinburgh ,academy1 where he had for his fellow-students ,sir ,william ,allen and ,john ,burnet4 ,at the age of nineteen his performances had attracted so much notice that he was confirmed in his professional career4 ,he started for ,london1 studied at the ,academy1 became an exhibitor1 and so paved the way for his bright success of after-years4 ,among his intimate companions was ,haydon1--another equally celebrated painter1 though not equally successful1 who relates the following3-- 8,when the ,academy opened1 ,wilkie1 who had gained admission as a probationer by means of a drawing from the ,niobe1 took his seat with his class4 ,something of his ,edinburgh fame had preceded him3 ,jackson1 at that time a student1 seems to have seen as well as heard of him1 for he wrote to me1 then young and ardent1 to hasten from ,devonshire1 for that a tall1 pale1 thin ,scotsman had just come to study at the ,academy1 who had done something from ,macbeth1 of which report spoke highly4 ,touched with this1 ,i came at once to ,london and went to the ,academy4 ,wilkie1 the most punctual of mankind1 was there before me4 ,we sat and drew in silence for some time2 at length ,wilkie rose1 came and looked over my shoulder1 said nothing1 and resumed his seat4 ,i rose1 went and looked over his shoulder1 said nothing1 and resumed my seat4 ,we saw enough to satisfy us of each other's skill1 and when the class broke up we went and dined together40 ,the acquaintance thus begun ripened into a warm friendship1 notwithstanding occasional disputes arising from a dissimilarity in taste of the two artists4 ,haydon also relates the following3-- 8,wilkie1 who was always hospitable in his nature1 invited me one morning to breakfast1 soon after his arrival in ,london1 ,i went accordingly to #h1 ,norton ,street1 and knocked at the door of his apartments2 a voice said1 #8,come in4' ,i opened the door and found1 instead of the breakfast which ,i expected1 the painter sitting partly naked and drawing from his left knee for a figure which he had on his easel4 ,he was not at all moved1 for nought moved ,wilkie2 and when ,i expressed some surprise at what he was about1 he replied with a smile1 #8,it's capital practice1 let me tell you4'0 ,about this time 7#ahje71 in a letter written by ,wilkie to a fellow-student1 occurs the following characteristic passage3 8,and ,i am convinced now that no picture can possess real merit unless it is a just representation of nature40 ,on the sale of his first commission picture1 8,the ,village ,politicians10 he thus buoyantly concludes a letter to his father1 8,my ambition is got beyond all bounds1 and ,i have the vanity to hope that ,scotland will one day be proud to boast of your affectionate son1 8,,david ,,wilkie40 ,on the death of his father1 he invited his mother and sister over from ,scotland to live with him in ,london4 ,in after-years1 writing to a friend1 he adds1 8,if ,i were desired to name the happiest hour of my life1 ,i should say it was when ,i first saw my honoured mother and much loved sister sitting beside me while ,i was painting40 ,another scene1 of a different description1 at ,wilkie's house is worthy of insertion4 ,mr4 ,collins's brother1 ,francis1 possessed a remarkably retentive memory1 which he was accustomed to use for the amusement of himself and others1 in the following way4 ,he learnt by heart a whole number of one of ,dr4 ,johnson's 8,ramblers10 and used to cause considerable diversion to those in the secret1 by repeating it all through to a new company in a conversational tone1 as if it were the accidental product of his own fancy1--now addressing his flow of moral eloquence to one astonished auditor1 and now to another4 ,one day1 when the two brothers were dining at ,wilkie's1 it was determined to try the experiment upon their host4 ,after dinner1 accordingly1 ,mr4 ,collins paved the way for the coming speech1 by leading the conversation imperceptibly to the subject of the paper in the 8,rambler40 ,at the right moment ,francis ,collins began4 ,as the first grand ,johnsonian sentences struck upon his ear 7uttered1 it should be remembered1 in the most elaborately careless and conversational manner17 ,wilkie started at the high tone that the conversation had suddenly assumed1 and looked vainly to his friend ,collins for explanation1 who1 on his part sat with his eyes respectfully fixed on his brother1 all rapt attention to the eloquence that was dropping from his lips4 ,once or twice1 with perfect mimicry of the conversational character he had assumed1 ,francis ,collins hesitated1 stammered1 and paused1 as if collecting his thronging ideas4 ,at one or two of these intervals1 ,wilkie endeavoured to speak1 to ask a moment for consideration2 but the torrent of his guest's eloquence was not to be delayed1--8it was too rapid to stay for any man1--away it went0 like ,mr4 ,shandy's oratory before 8,my ,uncle ,toby10--until at last it reached its destined close2 and then ,wilkie1 who1 as host1 thought it his duty to break silence by the first compliment1 exclaimed with the most perfect unconsciousness of the trick that had been played him1 8,ay1 ay1 ,mr4 ,francis2 verra clever 7though ,i did not understand it all71--verra clever60 ,his friends relate of him 7,wilkie7 that he could draw before he could write4 ,he recollected this himself1 and spoke to me of an old woman who had in her cottage near his father's manse a clean scoured wooden stool1 on which she used to allow him to draw with a coarse carpenter's pencil1 and then scrub it out to be ready for another day4 ,collins relates the following of ,wilkie with whom he lived on terms of the closest intimacy4 8,when ,lord ,mulgrave's pictures were sold at ,christie's1 ,wilkie waited in the neighbourhood whilst ,i attended the sale4 ,it was quite refreshing to see his joy when ,i returned with a list of the prices4 ,the sketches produced more than five hundred per cent41 the pictures three hundred4 ,i recollect one1--a small1 early picture1 called #8,sunday ,morning'--,i asked ,wilkie what he thought of its fetching1 as it did1 a hundred and ten pounds1 and whether ,lord ,mulgrave had not got it cheap enough8--#8,why1 he gave me fifteen pounds for it6' ,when ,i expressed my surprise that he should have given so small a sum for so clever a work1 ,wilkie1 defending him1 said3--#8,ah1 but consider1 as ,i was not known at that time1 it was a great risk6'0 ,dr4 ,chalmers was asked by ,wilkie whether ,principal ,baird would preach before the ,king4 7,now1 ,principal ,baird had a sad way of crying in the pulpit47 8,why10 replied ,chalmers1 8if he does1 it will be ,george ,baird to ,george ,rex1 greeting60 ,wilkie died in the year #ahda1 aged #ef years4 8,,letter ,,of ,,introduction40 ,this picture was suggested by the reception which the artist himself experienced1 it is said by ,cunningham in his ,life of ,wilkie1 from one of the small wits about town1 ,caleb ,whiteford by name1 discoverer of the 8cross-readings0 in newspapers1 and who set up for a judge in art4 ,some one desirous to do a good turn to ,wilkie1 when he first came to town1 gave him a note to ,caleb1 who1 struck with his very youthful look1 inquired how old he was4 8,really now10 said the artist1 with the hesitation he bestowed on most questions4 8,ha60 exclaimed ,caleb2 8introduce a man to me who knows not how old he is60 and regarded him with that dubious look which is the chief charm of the picture4 ,this was in his mind when he formed the resolution to paint the subject4 ,,collins',s ,,reminiscences ,,of ,,wilkie4 8,wilkie was not quick in perceiving a joke1 although he was always anxious to do so1 and to recollect humorous stories1 of which he was exceedingly fond4 ,as instances1 ,i recollect once when we were staying at ,mr4 ,wells's1 at ,redleaf1 one morning at breakfast a very small puppy was running about under the table4 #8,dear me1' said a lady1 #8how this creature teases me6' ,i took it up and put it into my breast-pocket4 ,mr4 ,wells said1 #8,that is a pretty nosegay4'--#8,yes1' said ,i1 #8it is a dog-rose4' ,wilkie's attention1 sitting opposite1 was called to his friend's pun3 but all in vain1--he could not be persuaded to see anything in it4 ,i recollect trying once to explain to him1 with the same want of success1 ,hogarth's joke in putting the sign of the woman without a head1 7#8,the ,good ,woman'7 under the window from whence the quarrelsome wife is throwing the dinner into the street4 8,chantrey and ,wilkie were dining alone with me1 when the former1 in his great kindness for ,wilkie1 ventured1 as he said1 to take him to task for his constant use of the word #8relly' 7really7 when listening to any conversation in which he was interested4 #8,now1 for instance1' said ,chantrey1 #8suppose ,i was giving you an account of any interesting matter1 you would constantly say1 #8,relly6' #8,relly6' exclaimed ,wilkie immediately1 with a look of the most perfect astonishment40 ,,wilkie',s ,,arrest ,,at ,,calais4 ,when returning from a short ,continental tour in #ahaf1 ,wilkie became involved in a difficulty at ,calais similar to that of ,hogarth at the same place1 as indicated by our great moral painter in his print of 8,oh1 the ,roast ,beef of ,old ,england40 ,wilkie1 while busily engaged in making a sketch of the gate1 was accosted by an officer of police1 and taken before the mayor1 who told the artist he could not be permitted to make drawings of any of the fortifitions1 and courteously dismissed him4 ,the observation was made in ,england that ,wilkie sought his arrest on this occasion1 wishing to re-enact the ,hogarth incident3 but his well-known unobtrusive manners and unaffected modesty completely vindicate him from such an accusation4 ,the following nave account of the arrest of ,sir ,david ,wilkie is told by him in a letter to his friend and travelling companion1 ,abraham ,raimbach1 the celebrated engraver of many of the artist's pictures3-- 8,on travelling through ,france the most singular occurrence was that of my being arrested at ,calais1 in the act of completing a sketch of the celebrated gate of ,hogarth4 ,a young ,englishman1 who had come from ,lille with me1 had agreed to remain with me while ,i was making the drawing2 and as ,i had first obtained leave from the officer of the guard1 ,i expected no sort of interruption4 ,after ,i had been at work1 however1 about an hour1 with a great crowd about me1 a gendarme came to me1 and with an imperious tone1 said1 #8,par quelle autorit faites-vous cela1 monsieur8' ,i pointed to the officer on guard1 and told him that he had given me leave4 #8,ce n'est rien--c'est dfendu1 monsieur4 ,il faut que vous preniez votre livre et m'accompagniez l',htel de ,ville4' ,this1 of course1 ,i agreed to most willingly1 and beckoning my friend to go too1 ,i went along with him1 with all the people staring at us4 ,at the ,htel de ,ville we were requested to go to the mayor1 and as we were marching along to his house1 the gendarme said1 #8,voila le maire1--arrtons4' ,we stopped till the mayor came up1 and learning from us what was the matter1 he dismissed the gendarme1 took us back to his house1 and told me1 that as there were a number of people there1 as in other places1 who1 on seeing a foreigner making a drawing of a fortified place1 would naturally suppose it to be from a hostile intention1 and finding it done en plein jour1 would be apt to blame the magistrates for allowing it2 he said it was necessary1 therefore1 that ,i should not go on with my drawing1 although1 from examining it1 he was satisfied that ,i only did it for amusement1 and therefore regretted the interruption40--,memoirs of ,abraham ,raimbach1 edited by his son1 ,m4 ,t4 ,s4 ,raimbach1 ,m4,a4 ,,his ,,opinion ,,of ,,michael ,,angelo ,,and ,,raphael4 8,the labours of ,michael ,angelo and ,raphael have since been the chief object of my study1--by far the most intellectual4 ,they make other works appear limited1 and though high in all that is great1 are still an example1--and a noble example too1--of how the accessories of a work may be treated with most advantage4 ,no style can be so pure as to be above learning from them1 nor so low and humble as not to gain even in its own way by their contemplation4 ,they have that without which the ,venus and the ,apollo would lose their value1 and with which the mean forms of ,ostade and ,rembrandt become instructive and sublime1--namely1 expression and sentiment4 ,to some of the younger artists here1 however1 ,i find they are a stumbling-block2 things to be admired but not imitated1 and less to be copied than any flat1 empty piece of ,venetian colouring that comes in their way4 ,the effect of these works upon the unlearned public at large deserves attention4 ,frescoes1 when old1 get dull and dry1 and cannot be repaired or refreshed like oil2 their impression1 therefore1 upon the common eye is not striking1 and many people acknowledge this who1 show them a new print from ,raphael or ,michael ,angelo1 would be delighted4 ,vividness is perhaps necessary to make any work generally impressive2 and suppose these fresh as they were at first1 and as ,i have seen some recent frescoes1 ,i believe they would be the most beautiful things imaginable1--popular beyond a doubt1 as it is on record they were so40--,memoirs of ,abraham ,raimbach4 ,,wilson 7,,richard71 ,r4,a4 ,richard ,wilson was born in ,montgomeryshire in the year #agac4 ,he excelled as a landscape painter4 ,after practising some time in ,london1 he was enabled1 by the assistance of relations1 to travel into ,italy1 where he renewed the study of portrait painting1 in which he had made some progress when in ,london4 ,but the peculiar form and bias of his genius was landscape1 as was shown so powerfully later in life by his famous productions1 among others1 of 8,niobe0 and the 8,villa of ,mcenas40 ,an incident which happened during his visit to ,italy tended to confirm him in his inclination to follow landscape instead of portrait painting4 ,the celebrated ,french painter1 ,vernet1 happening one day when in ,rome to visit ,wilson's painting-room1 was so struck with a landscape ,wilson had painted that he requested to become the possessor of it1 offering in exchange one of his best pictures4 ,the proposal was readily accepted1 and ,vernet kindly recommended ,wilson to the ,english nobility and gentry then visiting ,rome4 ,it is said of ,wilson that at times1 through his intemperate and irregular habits1 he was obliged to pawn his pictures1 and was sometimes unable to procure canvas or colours4 ,fuseli1 though generally severe in his criticism of the 8map makers10 as he designated the landscape painters of his day1 formed what ,i consider an exaggerated estimate of ,wilson's merits4 ,he says of him3 8,he is now numbered with the classics of the ,art1 though little more than the fifth of a century has elapsed since death relieved him from the apathy of cognoscenti1 the envy of rivals1 and the neglect of a tasteless public2 for ,wilson1 whose works will soon command prices as proud as those of ,claude1 ,poussin1 or ,elzheimer1 resembled the last most in his fate1--lived and died nearer to indigence than ease2 and as an asylum for the severest wants incident to age and decay of powers1 was reduced to solicit the librarian's place in the ,academy of which he was one of the brightest ornaments40 ,wilson died on the #aath of ,may1 #aghb1 aged #fi4 ,a ,,scene ,,at ,,christie',s4 8,towards the close of ,wilson's life1 annoyed and oppressed by the neglect which he experienced1 it is well known that he unfortunately had recourse to those means of temporary oblivion of the world to which disappointed genius but too frequently resorts4 ,the natural consequence was1 that the works which he then produced were much inferior to those of his former days1--a fact of which1 of course1 he was not himself conscious4 ,one morning1 ,mr4 ,christie1 to whom had been entrusted the sale by auction of a fine collection of pictures belonging to a nobleman1 having arrived at a chef-d'uvre of ,wilson's1 was expatiating with his usual eloquence on its merits1 quite unaware that ,wilson himself had just before entered the room4 #8,this1 gentlemen1 is one of ,mr4 ,wilson's ,italian pictures2 he cannot paint anything like it now4' #8,that's a lie6' exclaimed the irritated artist1 to ,mr4 ,christie's no small discomposure1 and to the great amusement of the company2 #8he can paint infinitely better4'0--,literary ,gazette1 #ahbd4 ,illustration ,,zoffany 7,,johann71 ,r4,a4 ,johann ,zoffany was born at ,frankfort-on-the-,maine in the year #agce4 ,he was by descent a ,bohemian1 but his father1 who followed the profession of an architect1 had settled in ,germany4 ,when a mere child1 having shown considerable ability with the pencil1 his father sent him to ,italy1 where he studied several years4 ,he practised1 on his return to ,germany1 as an historical and portrait painter at ,coblentz on the ,rhine4 ,he arrived in ,england but a few years before the foundation of the ,royal ,academy1 and was elected one of its first members in #agfh4 ,on his arrival1 the extent of his finances hardly amounted to the sum of one hundred pounds4 8,with this10 he relates1 8,i commenced maccaroni1 bought a suit la mode1 a gold watch1 and gold-headed cane40 ,thus equipped he made the acquaintance of ,benjamin ,wilson1 a portrait painter1 then residing in ,great ,queen ,street1 ,lincoln's-,inn-,fields4 ,with this artist ,zoffany engaged himself as drapery-painter1 and remained with him until1 tired of the monotony of his employment1 he determined to try his fortune by trading on the capital of his talent on his own account4 ,he accordingly took furnished apartments at the upper part of ,tottenham ,court ,road1 and began his practice as a ,limner1 by painting the portraits of his landlord and landlady1 which1 as a standing advertisement1 were placed on either side the gate that then opened into the area before the house4 ,garrick1 by chance1 passing that way1 saw these specimens1 admired them1 and inquired for the painter4 ,the interview ended in his employing ,zoffany to paint himself in small1 and hence were produced those admired subjects in which the great actor figured1--8,sir ,john ,brute20 ,abel ,drugger1 in ,ben ,jonson's 8,alchemist20 8,the ,farmer's ,return10 etc4 ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds was so pleased with the painting in which ,garrick is represented as ,abel ,drugger1 that he purchased it of ,zoffany for the sum of one hundred guineas4 ,it is related that the ,earl of ,carlisle1 conversing with ,sir ,joshua upon the merits of the picture1 earnestly urged him to part with it4 8,well1 my lord10 said he1 8what premium will you pay upon my purchase80 8,any sum you will name10 replied the earl4 8,then it is yours1 my lord1 if you will pay me one hundred guineas1 and add fifty as a gratuity to ,mr4 ,zoffany40 ,he consented1 and purchased the picture4 ,in #agga1 ,zoffany painted the royal family on a large canvas1 to the number of ten portraits1 which has been engraved in mezzotinto by ,earlom4 ,he painted likewise two separate portraits of ,george ,,iii4 and his ,queen1 which were also engraved in mezzotinto by ,houston4 ,shortly after this1 he paid a second visit to ,italy1 and taking a recommendation from ,george ,,iii4 to the ,grand ,duke of ,tuscany at ,florence1 he painted an interior view of the ,florentine picture gallery4 ,the hopes which he had indulged as to the result of this exertion of his talent were frustrated2 for when the ,queen was informed that the painter expected to be paid two thousand guineas for his picture1 she showed no inclination to receive it4 ,some years after1 the ,queen purchased it off him at the greatly reduced sum of six hundred guineas4 ,in #aggd1 he painted his much-admired picture of the 8,life ,school of the ,royal ,academy10 in which he introduced two naked models and thirty-six portraits4 ,this painting was also engraved in mezzotinto by ,earlom4 ,in #agha1 ,zoffany went to the ,east ,indies1 where he painted three of his best works4 ,one is the 8,embassy of ,hyderbeck to ,calcutta10 who was sent by the ,vizier of ,oude to ,lord ,cornwallis4 ,he went with a numerous retinue by ,patna to ,calcutta4 ,this picture is a rich display of ,indian costume1 and contains besides about one hundred figures1 several elephants and horses4 ,the scene is placed in ,patna4 ,the other two pictures are an 8,indian ,tiger ,hunt20 and as a companion to the ,embassy1 a 8,cock ,fight10 at which there are many spectators4 ,zoffany returned to ,london with a large fortune1 and died at ,kew1 ,december #afth1 #ahaj4 ,,the ,,royal ,,picture4 ,when ,zoffany began the picture of the royal family there were ten children4 ,he made his sketch accordingly1 and attending two or three times1 went on finishing the figures4 ,various circumstances prevented him from proceeding1--his ,majesty was engaged in business of more consequence2 her ,majesty was engaged2 some of the princesses were engaged1 and some of the princesses were unwell4 ,the completion of the picture was consequently delayed1 when a messenger came to inform the artist that another prince was born1 and must be introduced in the picture2 this was not easy1 but it was accomplished with some difficulty4 ,all this took up much time1 when a second messenger arrived to announce the birth of a princess1 and to acquaint him that the illustrious stranger must have a place in the canvas2 this was impossible without a new arrangement3 one half of the figures were therefore obliterated1 in order that the grouping might be closer to make room4 ,to do this was the business of some months1 and before it was finished1 a letter came from one of the maids of honour1 informing the painter that there was another addition to the family1 for whom a place must be found4 8,this10 cried the artist1 8is too much2 if they cannot sit with more regularity1 ,i cannot paint with more expedition1 and must give it up40 ,,the 8,,cock ,,fight40 ,the ship in which this picture left the ,indies was wrecked1 and the picture lost4 ,zoffany fortunately took his passage in another vessel4 ,it is said he heard of the loss of his picture with the philosophy of a ,stoic4 ,having his original sketches by him1 he set to work again and made out a second picture with all the grouping1 portraits of ,hindoos and ,gentoos1 ,rajahs and ,nabobs1 and finished a fac-simile of the first4 ,it is said ,governor ,hastings1 by whose commission it was originally painted1 was never made acquainted with the accident and its repainting4 ,illustration ,illustration ,miscellaneous ,anecdotes1 etc4 ,illustration ,,the ,,royal ,,academy1 ,,burlington ,,house4 ,,the new rooms of the ,royal ,academy were erected from the designs1 and under the superintendence1 of ,mr4 ,sydney ,smirke1 ,r4,a41 and consist of a large oblong block1 parallel with ,burlington ,house1 and separated from it only by a few feet1 but extending on both sides considerably beyond its frontage4 ,the exhibition-rooms are approached by a noble staircase1 with paintings by ,ricci1 which formed part of ,burlington ,house4 ,the galleries are divided into three lines or rows2 five each in the north and south rows1 and four in the middle4 ,the central room is a domed octagonal sculpture saloon4 ,occupying the whole space westward of this is the 8,great ,room10 where the annual dinner takes place4 ,eastward of the central saloon is a lecture-hall2 the remaining space eastward affords a room for water-colour drawings1 and the gallery south of that for architectural drawings4 ,all the exhibition-rooms communicate with each other4 ,the dimensions of the apartments are as follows3-- feet4 feet4 ,the ,picture ,gallery at top of stairs #dc by #ca ,central ,sculpture ,saloon1 diameter #dc ---- ,sculpture ,room #dc by #cb ,north ,picture ,galleries1 each #dj 8 #cb ,the ,great ,room #hb 8 #dc ,water ,colour ,room #dc 8 #bf ,architectural ,room #dj 8 #ca ,south ,picture ,galleries1 each #dj 8 #ca ,hall for ,distribution of ,prizes1 and for ,lectures #ee 8 #dc ,the height of the walls in the ,great ,room to the top of the cornice is #bg ft41 the cove occupies #aa ft41 making the height to the underside of lantern #ch ft4 ,in the lesser rooms1 the height to the top of the cornice is #bb ft41 and the cove occupies #i ft4 ,the lighting is by means of a large central skylight in each gallery1 excepting the ,sculpture ,room1 where there is a side light4 ,the walls of the ,picture ,galleries are of a deep subdued red1 down to a dado of black wood and walnut4 ,the choice rested between this and 8pheasant egg colour40 ,the fine art critic of the ,times1 in his article of the #ast of ,may1 #ahfi1 makes the following appropriate remarks on this grand and useful suite of rooms1 in which it is to be hoped that the ,hanging ,committee will for the future be able to display the pictures to the satisfaction of the artists and the public3--8,the fears1 if they were genuine fears1 expressed by some of the ,academicians as to the result of removal from ,trafalgar ,square to ,piccadilly can hardly have survived the private view of the ,exhibition yesterday4 ,the verdict of the select crowd which filled the stately apartments provided by the architects of the new ,academy building for its annual ,exhibition was unanimous4 ,no ,european capital can now boast a more commodious and noble suite of rooms for its yearly display of painting and sculpture than ,london now possesses40 ,illustration ,,the ,,fonthill ,,collection4 ,william ,beckford1 ,esq41 one of the most remarkable men of modern times1 was the son of the patriotic ,alderman ,beckford1 who was ,lord ,mayor in the years #agfb and #agfi1 and whose noble and courageous remonstrance with ,george ,,iii4 is engraved under the monument erected to his memory in ,guildhall4 ,inheriting property amounting to #ajj1jjj per annum1 ,mr4 ,beckford was enabled to indulge in the expensive amusement of building4 ,fonthill ,abbey arose like a magic palace at his command1 one tower alone employing #dfj men1 both by day and night1 through an entire winter2 the torches used by the nocturnal workmen being visible to the astonished traveller at miles distant4 ,this celebrated mansion in a few years cost ,mr4 ,beckford the sum of #bgc1jjj4 ,owing to the rapidity of the work the mortar had not time to consolidate1 and a heavy gale of wind brought the great tower to the ground4 ,merely remarking that he should have been glad to witness the sublime fall of such a mass of materials1 he gave orders for the erection of another tower1 #bgf feet in height2 this also fell to the earth in the year #ahbe4 ,mr4 ,beckford was an excellent scholar1 and possessed a fine taste in almost every branch of art4 ,he collected1 in the fantastic but costly ,abbey1 one of the finest and most extensive libraries in ,england2 and his galleries of pictures and antiquities were almost unequalled4 ,a ,chancery suit1--that blessing to lawyers1--fattened upon his riches for some years1 and it ended in the loss of a large ,west ,india property2 this1 added to his other expenses1 rendered it necessary to sell the ,abbey1 with almost all its costly contents4 ,in the year #ahbb1 after ,fonthill ,abbey had been on view1 and catalogues issued by ,messrs4 ,christie and ,manson1 the day often fixed and as often postponed1 it was at length announced as being sold by private contract to ,mr4 ,farquhar1 a gentleman who had amassed considerable property in ,india1 for the sum of #cdj1jjj1 ,mr4 ,beckford only retaining his family pictures and a few books4 ,after the sale1 ,mr4 ,beckford resided for some years in ,portugal4 ,not merely a patron of art1 he was also an author1 and one singularly original in style4 ,his wild and extraordinary tale1 entitled 8,vathek10 soon formed a portion of our classical literature4 ,this extraordinary man died on the #beth of ,may1 #ahdd1 at the advanced age of #hd4 ,in the year #ahbc1 we find the collection again in the market1 its new proprietor considering the furniture1 etc41 wholly unsuited to so splendid a structure2 the auctioneer on this occasion being ,mr4 ,phillips1 of ,new ,bond ,street1 who apprised the distinguished company assembled on the first day1 that the sale was one of the most important that had ever been offered to the ,british public4 ,it occupied thirty-seven days1 and the amount realized was rather over #hj1jjj4 ,illustration ,,the ,,strawberry ,,hill ,,collection4 ,lord ,orford1 more familiarly known as ,horace ,walpole1 the very finest gentleman of the last century1 and the founder of the ,strawberry ,hill ,collection1 was the youngest son of the eminent minister1 ,sir ,robert ,walpole1 and was born ,october #eth1 #agag4 ,after studying at ,eton and ,cambridge1 he travelled2 and it was while in ,italy that he fostered the love of ,art1 and taste for elegant and antiquarian literature1 which took such complete possession of him as to engross the principal part of his long life4 ,walpole has by some critics been designated an elegant trifler2 yet if we consider that he was one of the first to turn public attention to a taste for the ,arts1 that he fostered the engravers in this country who became eminent in their branch of ,art1 that he brought from obscurity various historical memoirs of deep interest1 we shall hesitate to consider him a trifler4 ,among ,english writers1 ,walpole is admitted to be one of the best models for lively epistolary correspondence4 ,in a letter to ,sir ,horace ,mann1 he writes3 8,you know my passion for the writings of the younger ,crbillon2 you shall hear how ,i have been mortified by the discovery of the greatest meanness in him2 and you will judge how one must be humbled to have one's favourite author convicted of mere mortal mercenariness6 ,i have desired ,lady ,mary to lay out thirty guineas for me with ,liotard1 and wished if ,i could to have the portraits of ,crbillon and ,marivaux for my cabinet4 ,mr4 ,churchill wrote me word that ,liotard's price was sixteen guineas2 that ,marivaux was intimate with him and would certainly sit1 and that he believed he could get ,crbillon to sit too4 ,the latter1 who is retired into the provinces with an ,english wife1 was just then at ,paris for a month2 ,mr4 ,churchill went to him1 and told him that a gentleman in ,england who was making a collection of portraits of famous people1 would be happy to have his1 etc4 ,crbillon was humble1 #8unworthy1' obliged1 and sat4 ,the picture was just finished1 when1 behold6 he sent ,mr4 ,churchill word that he expected to have a copy of the picture given him1--neither more nor less than asking sixteen guineas for sitting6 ,mr4 ,churchill answered that he could not tell what he should do1 were it his own case2 but that it was a limited commission1 and he could not possibly lay out double2 and was now so near his return that he could not have time to write to ,england and have an answer4 ,crbillon said1 then he would keep the picture himself--it was excessively like4 ,i am still sentimental enough to flatter myself1 that a man who could beg sixteen guineas1 will not give them1 and so ,i may still have the picture40 ,walpole died on the #bnd of ,march1 #agig4 ,by command of the ,earl of ,waldegrave1 the contents of ,strawberry ,hill were sold by auction on the #beth of ,april1 #ahdb1 and the proceeds of the sale1 which lasted twenty-four days1 amounted to #cc1dej #aas4 #i;d4 ,mr4 ,tiffin1 in his interesting little book1 8,gossip about ,portraits10 writes mournfully of the dispersion of this recherch collection3 8,what a melancholy time to the amateur was that at ,strawberry ,hill1 in #ahdb1 when these treasures were dispersed4 ,in recalling that time when ,i wandered through these rooms looking listlessly at many objects that to the connoisseur 7not only of art but of history7 #8spoke volumes4' ,i began faintly to understand the worth of such collections40 ,illustration ,,the ,,saltmarshe ,,collection4 ,on the #dth1 #eth1 and #fth of ,june1 #ahdg1 was sold by auction1 by ,messrs4 ,christie and ,manson1 the collection of pictures1 the property of ,mr4 ,higginson1 of ,saltmarshe1 ,herefordshire4 ,the total amount realized by the three days' sale1 reached the enormous sum of #df1fie #cs4 ,at the close of the sale it was remarked that the proceeds of the last day1 #ce1ghi #is4 was the greatest sum realized in one day on record4 ,though the collection was1 on the whole1 more remarkable for numbers than quality1 it contained some good and important works4 ,mr4 ,higginson was a gentleman possessed of considerable wealth1 and was in his day a rapacious accumulator of pictures4 ,five of them alone brought upwards of #aj1jjj4 ,on the first day's sale1 a fine example of ,constable's fetched #cfj guineas2 a ,nasmyth1 #dd guineas2 and 8,a ,country ,ale-house10 the old hackneyed subject of ,george ,morland1 #ie guineas4 ,on the second day1 a sum of #dje guineas was obtained for a ,gerhard ,dow4 ,on the third1 and most important day of the sale1 the late ,marquis of ,hertford gave the grand sum of #ajjj guineas for a small female head by ,greuze1 one of the most distinguished artists of the modern ,french school4 ,a truly important work of ,claude's fell to the same nobleman for #adjj guineas4 ,a landscape1 the joint production of ,p4 ,de ,koning and ,lingelbach1 was purchased by the late ,sir ,robert ,peel1 and we believe has just been sold to the ,government by his son1 the present ,sir ,robert4 8,the ,holy ,family1 with ,elizabeth and ,saint ,john10 by ,peter ,paul ,rubens1 which was formerly in the ,imperial ,gallery of ,vienna1 and afterwards in the possession of ,m4 ,delahante1 who gave #cjjj guineas for it1 upwards of thirty years previous to the sale1 was knocked down by the auctioneer to the late ,marquis of ,hertford for the reduced sum of #bcfj guineas4 ,illustration ,,the ,,stowe ,,collection4 ,the contents of ,stowe1 the house of the ,buckingham and ,chandos family1 were brought to the hammer on ,tuesday1 the #aeth of ,august1 #ahdh4 ,for full particulars of the genealogy of this old and noble family1 we must1 with pleasure1 refer our readers to the annotated catalogue of the choicest objects of art and vertu contained in its princely mansion4 ,the editor1 ,mr4 ,henry ,rumsay ,forster1 evidently bestowed considerable pains on the work he took in hand2 and in his 8,historical ,notice of ,stowe10 after enumerating the visits to it of almost all the crowned heads of civilized ,europe1 gives some lines written by ,mr4 ,disraeli1 ,m4,p41 while a guest at ,stowe in the year #ahdj4 ,they are in allusion to a beautiful statuette by ,cotterell1 of the ,duke of ,wellington1 which ,his ,grace of ,buckingham had purchased1 and up to the time of the sale had preserved in the library4 8,not only that thy puissant arm could bind ,the tyrant of a world1 and1 conquering ,fate1 ,enfranchise ,europe1 do ,i deem thee great2 ,but that in all thy actions ,i do find ,exact propriety3 no gusts of mind1 ,fitful but wild1 but that continuous state ,of ordered impulse mariners await ,in some benignant and enriching wind1-- ,the breath ordained of nature4 ,thy calm mien ,recalls old ,rome1 as much as thy high deed2 ,duty thine only idol1 and serene ,when all are troubled3 in the utmost need ,prescient2 thy country's servant ever seen1 ,yet sovereign of thyself whate'er may speed40 ,the mansion was opened for private view on the #crd of ,august1 #ahdh4 ,the sale1 ever to be remembered amongst collectors1 commenced on the #aeth of the same month1 and terminated on the #gth ,october following4 ,a sale of forty days6 realizing the extraordinary sum of #ge1efb #ds4 #f;d4 ,the sale of the library followed1 and extended over twenty-four days1 and produced #aj1cee #gs4 #f;d4 ,illustration ,,the ,,bernal ,,collection4 ,in ,march and ,april1 #ahee1 was dispersed by auction the valuable collection made by ,mr4 ,ralph ,bernal of articles of rare excellence1 and of an age extremely rich in ornamental art1 extending from the ,byzantine period to that of ,louis ,seize4 ,the high prices which the several articles brought are to be attributed rather to their artistic character than to their extrinsic value as historic relics4 ,they consisted of ,oriental1 ,german1 ,dresden1 ,svres1 ,capo di ,monte1 and ,chelsea china2 portraits remarkable for their costumes2 miniatures2 medival metal-work and ecclesiastical silver2 ,limoges1 ,dresden1 and ,oriental enamels2 carvings in ivory2 ,faenza and ,palissy ware2 armour1 arms1 and stained glass2 ,venetian and ,german glass1 watches1 clocks1 and compasses1 etc4 ,several of the articles brought extraordinary prices4 ,among the most costly items were3 ,a ,svres cabinet1 #dfe2 a pair of ,dresden candelabra1 #bca2 a pair of vases1 painted la ,watteau1 #ie guineas2 ,king ,lothaire's magic crystal1 bought by ,mr4 ,bernal for #aj guineas1 and once sold in ,paris for #ab;f41 brought #bbe guineas2 ,sir ,thomas ,more's candlesticks1 bought by ,mr4 ,bernal for #ab guineas1 were sold for #bbj guineas2 the celebrated reliquaire of the ,king's1 #fc guineas2 a metal-gilt ,moresque dish1 #eg #aes42 a curious steel lock for a shrine1 #cb2 ,st4 ,thomas ,becket's reliquaire1 #bg guineas2 a ,limoges enamel portrait of ,catherine di ,medicis1 #djj guineas2 a ,faenza plate1 bought at ,stowe for #d1 brought #abj2 a circular ,bernard ,palissy dish1 #afb4 ,among the armour1 steel gauntlets1 #ej guineas a pair2 a warder's horn1 #ef2 and a ,spanish breastplate of russet steel1 #aee4 ,the first three days the porcelain produced upwards of #f1jjj2 and about #djj lots of ,majolica ware1 which cost ,mr4 ,bernal #a1jjj guineas1 in this sale realized upwards of #g1jjj1--;a proof of the skill of ,mr4 ,bernal as a collector2 and showing that the purchase of articles of vertu1 guided by correct taste and judgment1 may prove a very profitable means of investment4 ,rarely has the dispersion of any assemblage of works of art realized such high prices as the first portion of ,mr4 ,bernal's ,collection4 ,in neither of the sales of ,mr4 ,beckford at ,fonthill1 at the ,strawberry ,hill sale 7in #ahdb71 or at that of ,stowe 7in #ahdh71 were there assembled so many choice articles as in the ,bernal ,collection4 ,fonthill1 ,strawberry ,hill1 and ,stowe included many treasures of historic repute1 more valuable for having been possessed by celebrated personages than for their perfection as works of art4 ,mr4 ,bernal's ,collection1 however1 presented higher claims2 inasmuch as his judgment was acknowledged over ,europe4 ,the entire sale realized #fb1fhj #fs4 #e;d4 ,mr4 ,j4 ,r4 ,planch1 who by request wrote a few introductory lines to the catalogue1 thus speaks of his departed friend1 with whom he had been associated for thirty years3 8,distinguished among ,english antiquaries by the perfection of his taste1 as well as the extent of his knowledge1 the difficulty of imposing upon him was increased by the necessity of the fabrication being fine enough in form1 colour1 or workmanship to rival the masterpiece it simulated2 to be1 in fact1 itself a gem of art1 which it would not pay to produce as a relic of antiquity40 ,mr4 ,bernal was for many years a member of parliament1 having sat successively for ,lincoln1 ,rochester1 and ,weymouth1 and held the post of ,chairman of ,committees4 ,in politics he was a supporter of the ,grey and ,melbourne ministries4 ,he died at his house in ,eaton ,square1 on the #beth of ,august1 #ahed4 ,illustration ,,sale ,,of ,,daniel ,o',,connells ,,library1 ,,prints1 ,,pictures1 ,,etc41 ,,in ,,may1 #ahdi4 ,the last day's sale is thus described by the ,freeman's ,journal3--8,the auction on ,monday concluded the sale of the standard works1 and at its close all were disposed of save some few insignificant lots for which no bidders could be found4 ,a large number of miscellaneous works of small value were sold in lots at very trifling prices4 ,one lot1 including a number of loose pamphlets and tracts1 many of them bearing ,o',connell's autograph and notes1 sold for #b4 ,the sales of the preceding day were varied4 ,a number of the ,irish and ,scottish ,art ,union prints sold at prices varying from #bs4 to #cs4 each4 ,a fine proof copy of the well-known print1 #8,cross ,purposes1' brought a guinea4 ,a copy of the now scarce print of #8,henry ,grattan' fetched 7after some spirited bidding7 one guinea1 ,landseer's #8,angler's ,daughter' 7engraving71 #ajs4 #f;d4 #8,the ,volunteers in ,college ,green' was then put up4 ,this engraving1 now scarce1 was keenly competed for2 it brought #a #ajs4 ,a paltry landscape painting in oil1 #8,the ,meeting of the ,waters1' brought #gs4 ,an engraving of ,carlo ,dolce's #8,salvator ,mundi' fetched #fs4 ,a little portrait of that little man1 ,lord ,john ,russell1 was then put up for competition2 but1 amongst a sale-room full of gentry and citizens1 not a solitary bidder was found willing to hazard the risk of even by chance becoming the possessor of this work of art4 ,the accomplished salesman displayed the portrait in every possible light1 and solicited an initiatory movement towards setting ,lord ,john a-going1 by infinitesimal beginnings in specie2 but non eundum erat4 ,it was no use2 in vain was the noble lord's eidolon turned towards each group of by-standers1--in vain did ,mr4 ,jones insinuate #8,any advance8' #8,sixpence for it8' #8,eightpence did you say1 sir8' said the indefatigable ,mr4 ,jones 7to an old gentleman with a white hat74 #8,no1 sir1 ,i didn't2 nor fourpence1' replied the gentleman1 angrily4 #8,oh1 ,i beg pardon2 well then1 fourpence4 ,any advance8' ,alas6 no2 not a solitary bidder4 ,even the ,liffey ,street picture-brokers looked angrily at this useless and protracted inquiry as to whether there was any advance with regard to ,lord ,john4 ,finally1 the lot was withdrawn4 ,the next lot was a small and handsomely framed portrait in oils of ,o',connell4 ,it seemed a tolerably clever copy of the well-known medium size engraving of the original4 ,this picture was put up at a low figure1 but was warmly competed for1 and was knocked down at #a #ajs4 ,a large oil painting of the #8,madonna and ,child1' not of very high merit1 sold for #a4 ,two engravings1 large size1--one1 #8,the ,trial of ,charles ,i41' the other1 #8,the ,trial of ,lord ,strafford'--sold at #cjs4 each4 ,several other pictures1 engravings1 and statuettes were sold at very low prices4 ,a splendid ,norman steel cross-bow1 with appurtenances complete1 sold for #a #hs4 ,the sales closed with some miscellaneous articles1 none of which brought beyond average prices4 ,the library1 altogether1 was certainly not such1 either in the number of the volumes or their description1 as might be supposed to form the collection of ,o',connell2 and as to the prices obtained1 they were1 as we have before remarked1 not beyond the intrinsic value of each lot1 apart from all associations connected with them40 ,illustration ,,holbein4 ,holbein1 the painter1 once engaged with his landlord to paint the outside of his house4 ,the landlord found that the painter left his work very frequently to amuse himself elsewhere1 and determined to keep a constant eye upon him4 ,holbein1 anxious to get rid of his suspicious taskmaster1 ingeniously contrived to absent himself at the very time when the landlord fancied he was quietly seated on the scaffold1 by painting two legs apparently descending from his seat2 and which so completely deceived the man1 that he never thought of ascertaining whether the rest of the body was in its place4 ,illustration ,,palladio 7,,andrew74 ,andrew ,palladio1 the celebrated architect1 was born in #aeah1 at ,vicenza1 in ,lombardy4 ,he learnt the principles of his art from ,trissino2 after which he studied at ,rome1 and on his return to ,lombardy constructed a number of noble edifices4 ,he was employed in various parts of ,italy1 particularly at ,venice1 where he built the palace ,foscari4 ,his treatise on ,architecture was printed at ,venice in #aegj1 folio2 and again at ,london in #agae1 in #c vols4 folio4 ,in #agcj1 ,lord ,burlington published some of this architect's designs1 in one volume folio4 ,palladio used to relate an anecdote of an artist who dedicated the different apartments in a gentleman's house to several moral virtues1 as ,chastity1 ,temperance1 and ,honesty2 so that each guest might be appointed to the room sacred to his favourite virtue4 ,the rich and young widow would be lodged in 8,chastity10 the alderman in 8,temperance10 and the prime minister in 8,honesty10 etc4 ,palladio died in the year #aehj4 ,a monument was erected to his memory at ,vicenza1 in #ahde1 the ,count ,g4 ,velo having bequeathed #ajj1jjj livres for that purpose4 ,it is thus described in ,the ,builder in #ahdf3-- 8,the statue of ,palladio stands on a pedestal1 two storeys in height1 with a genius by his side in the act of crowning him4 ,seated on the first story of the pedestal1 against the angles of the upper portion1 which is less in size than the lower1 are two allegorical figures1 one representing ,vicenza with a wreath in her left hand1 and looking up with pride at the artist2 the other ,architecture1 depicting the history of the art on a scroll1 by a representation of a primitive hut1 and the ,pantheon4 ,between these two figures on the upper part of the pedestal1 is sculptured in bas-relief the baths of ,caracalla1 to express that it was by the study of the antique monuments that ,palladio formed himself4 8,at the foot of the whole is a sarcophagus1 in imitation of that of ,agrippa1 containing the remains of the artist4 8,the monument stands within an octagon chapel in the new public cemetery of the city1 and is the work of ,m4 ,fabris1 a sculptor of ,vicenza4 ,the material is ,carrara marble40 ,illustration ,,jacques ,,callot',s ,,etchings4 8,etching is the writing by which the artist conveys his thoughts4 ,with etching he can allow himself every liberty of touch and fantasy4 ,etching does not freeze his inspiration by its slow progress3 it has all the qualities of a steed at full gallop4 ,callot1 who was so varied1 so original1 so capricious1 so fertile1 and so ready1 is the greatest master of the art of etching4 8,the works of ,callot consist of nearly sixteen hundred plates1 including those of ,israel4 ,we must pass with the rapidity of a bird upon the wing almost all his small religious subjects4 ,callot1 without fantasy1 is not himself2 it is plain that he grows tired with works where patience is required4 ,the subjects in which he revels in all the luxury1 in all the splendour1 in all the originality1 of his talent1 are #8,the ,temptation of ,saint ,anthony1' #8,the ,fair della ,madonna ,imprunetta1' #8,the ,tortures1' #8,the ,massacre of the ,innocents1' #8,the ,misfortunes and ,horrors of ,war1' and tatterdemalions of every form and every kind1 from the hectoring bully to the beggar enveloped in his rags4 8,he etched with marvellous facility1 having finished on more than one occasion a plate in a single day4 ,his magic hand1 and his imagination so rich and so quick1 often accomplished a feat of this description in playing1 as it were4 ,it often happened1--as1 for instance1 in his #8,livre des ,caprices' 7,book of ,caprices71 and in his fantastic and grotesque works1--to let his hand follow its own course4 ,while chatting with his friends1 he would give utterance to some joke at the same time that he made a stroke1 and was himself lost in wonder at having produced a figure4 ,his graver1 too1 was so fertile in resources1 that in all his numerous creations he never repeated himself4 ,he was1 however1 an artist who treated his art seriously1 and who studied incessantly1 full of his task1 and fond of the glimmer of the midnight lamp4 ,he had the passion of creating tatterdemalions1 bullies1 and mountebanks1 as other men have the passion of play4 ,whenever he sat up to work1 he used to tell his friends that he was going to pass the night in the bosom of his family40 ,jacques ,callot was born #aeic1 and died ,march1 #afce4--,philosophers and ,actresses4 ,illustration ,,the ,,female ,,face4 ,felibien1 an eminent ,french writer of the early part of the #agth century1 thus describes his beau ideal of the female ace3-- 8,the head should be well rounded1 and look rather inclining to small than large4 ,the forehead white1 smooth1 and open3 not with the hair growing down too deep upon it1 neither flat nor prominent1 but like the head1 well rounded1 and rather small in proportion than large4 ,the hair either bright1 black1 or brown2 not thin1 but full and waving1 and if it falls in moderate curls the better2 the black is particularly useful for setting off the whiteness of the neck and skin4 ,the eyes black1 chestnut1 or blue1 clear1 bright1 and lively1 and rather large in proportion than small4 ,the eyebrows well divided1 rather full than thin2 semicircular1 and broader in the middle than at the ends1 of a neat turn1 but not formal4 ,the cheeks should not be wide2 they should have a degree of plumpness1 with the red and white finely blended together1 and should look firm and soft4 ,the ear should be rather small than large1 well-folded1 and with an agreeable tinge of red4 ,the nose should be placed so as to divide the face into two equal parts1 of a moderate size1 straight1 and well squared2 though sometimes a little rising in the nose1 which is but just perceivable1 may give it a very graceful look4 ,the mouth should be small1 and the lips not of equal thickness2 they should be well turned1 small rather than gross1 soft even to the eye1 and with a living red in them4 ,a truly pretty mouth is like a red rose-bud that is beginning to blow4 ,the teeth should be middle-sized1 white1 well-ranged1 and even4 ,the chin of a moderate size1 white1 soft1 and agreeably rounded4 ,the skin in general should be white1 properly tinged with red1 with an apparent softness1 and a look of thriving health in it40 ,illustration ,,london ,,in ,,the ,,seventeenth ,,century4 ,sir ,william ,davenant gives a true though ludicrous picture of the habitations of ,london in his day3-- 8,sure10 says the angry critic1 8your ancestors contrived your narrow streets in the days of wheelbarrows1 before the greater engines1 carts1 were invented4 ,is your climate so hot that as you walk you need umbrellas of tiles to intercept the sun8 ,or are your shambles so empty that you are afraid to take in fresh air1 lest it should sharpen your stomachs8 ,oh1 the goodly landscape of ,old ,fish ,street1 which1 had it not the ill-luck to be crooked1 was narrow enough to be your founder's perspective2 and where the garrets 7perhaps not for want of architecture1 but through abundance of amity7 are so made that opposite neighbours may shake hands without stirring from home4 ,is unanimity of inhabitants in wise cities better expressed than by their coherence and uniformity of buildings1 where the street begins1 continues1 and ends in a like stature and shape8 ,but yours1 as if they were raised in a general insurrection1 where every man hath a separate design1 and differ in all things that can make distinction4 ,there stands one that aims to be a palace1 and next another that professes to be a hovel2 here a giant1 there a dwarf2 here slender1 there broad2 and all most especially different in their faces1 size1 and bulk4 ,i was about to defy any ,londoner who dares pretend there is so much ingenious correspondence in this city1 as that he can show me one house like another4 ,yet your old houses seem to be reverend and formal1 being compared to the fantastical works of the moderns1 which have more ovals1 niches1 and angles than are in your custards2 and inclosed in pasteboard walls like those of malicious ,turks1 who1 because themselves are not immortal1 and cannot for ever dwell where they build1 therefore will not be at the charge to provide such lastingness as may entertain their children out of the rain2 so slight1 so prettily gaudy1 that if they could move they would pass for pageants4 ,it is your custom1 where men vary after the mode of their habits1 to turn the nation fantastical2 but where streets continually change fashion you should make haste to chain up the city1 for it is certainly mad40 ,illustration ,,tardif1 ,,the ,,french ,,connoisseur4 ,among the connoisseurs of pictures who were celebrated in ,france towards the end of the seventeenth century1 we must place in the first rank ,tardif1 formerly an engineer1 but subsequently secretary to the ,marshal de ,boufflers4 ,he was the friend of ,largillire1 ,watteau1 ,audran1 and1 above all1 of ,gillot4 ,he was renowned for the justness of his criticisms4 ,when a picture was finished1 no one dared to deliver his opinion openly on it1 until it had undergone ,tardif's inspection2 his opinion was1 so to say1 the last touch of the artist's brush4 ,watteau himself1 who used to laugh at criticism1 once said on laying down his brush before a fte galante1 still wet1 8,that picture is a perfect wonder6 ,if ,tardif were here1 ,i would sign it40 ,tardif possessed1 in the ,rue ,gt-le-,cur1 one of the first cabinets of pictures in ,paris4 ,the ,marshal de ,boufflers1 who knew his secretary's passion1 used every year to make him a present of the work of some celebrated painter as a new year's gift4 ,tardif1 too1 had managed to raise sufficient from his patrimonial fortune to buy pictures from his friends1 the living artists1 and of his friends the dead ones4 ,his cabinet was so celebrated that the ,duke of ,orleans went one day to see it with ,noc3 this completely turned ,tardif's head4 ,however1 if he had only been subject to this noble kind of madness1 which is a proof of a sublime aspiration towards the poetry of the beautiful1 the worthy creature might have lived comfortably till his death4 ,but he1 too1 was afflicted with the melancholy madness of money for money2 he allowed himself to be fleeced under ,law's system3 in other terms1 he lost in that great revolution of ,french fortunes all he possessed1 save his pictures4 ,it was necessary for him to live1 however4 ,any one else would have got rid of his chefs-d'uvre3 ,tardif only got rid of his servants4 8,go1 my friends10 said he2 8the world is before you4 ,go where my money is gone4 ,at present1 ,i can only keep those who do not want to eat2 my pictures will keep me company40 ,tardif was already old1 the passions of life had no more influence upon his heart2 all that he needed was a little sunshine in his cabinet for him to live contented4 ,he died in ,paris1 ,may1 #agbh4--,philosophers and ,actresses4 ,illustration ,,paul ,,potter',s ,,studies ,,of ,,nature4 ,when ,fergusson1 the author of the famous treatise on perspective1 was asked what copies he had followed in forming his style1 he answered1 8,the examples of great nature20 and added1 8,i always found nature so powerful1 that to copy her was easy40 ,all who have attained greatness in the practice of art have followed the same course of study1 but none more successfully than our own ,edwin ,landseer1 who first learned to draw animals in the fields around ,primrose ,hill2 and ,paul ,potter1 his great prototype1 who acquired his first knowledge of art in the bright green meadows of the ,low ,countries4 ,of the value set by the latter painter on this mode of study1 we have a striking proof in the picture in which he represents himself making his first sketch4 ,this great painter was born in #afbe1 at ,enkhuysen1 in the province of ,holland4 ,his works1 which have become equally rare and valuable1 are peculiarly distinguished by the effects of his sun rays upon his landscapes and cattle1 in producing which he has distanced all competitors4 ,his paintings are deemed very valuable4 ,for one small picture in the collection of the late ,marquis of ,westminster1 that nobleman gave #ijjj guineas4 ,potter died in #afed4 ,illustration ,,fidelity ,,in ,,portrait ,,painting4 ,it is not always well to paint the whole truth2 and although sincerity is extremely praiseworthy1 we can scarcely approve the somewhat brutal frankness of an old ,french artist1 who1 while taking the portrait of a lady whose face was slightly broken out1 took considerable trouble to reproduce all the pimples that he saw before him4 8,my dear sir10 said the lady1 8you are not aware what you are about2 you are painting my pimples2 they are merely accidental2 they make no part of my face40 8,bon1 bon1 madame10 replied he1 8if you hadn't these you would have others40 ,illustration ,,clayton ,,mordaunt ,,cracherode4 ,clayton ,mordaunt ,cracherode was born in #agbi1 took his degree at ,oxford in #agec1 and though he entered into orders1 he never would accept ,church preferment1 but continued to follow his peculiar taste for antiquities1 which an easy competence enabled him to do4 ,his collection of coins and prints was most various and extensive4 ,the whole he bequeathed to the ,british ,museum1 of which institution he was a trustee4 ,he is thus described by one intimately acquainted with him3--8,well do ,i remember his mild1 benevolent countenance1 his sleek black suit1 and his snow-white wig6 ,he was a perfect woman-hater2 retraced his steps when1 in coming down stairs1 he met one of the housemaids1 and walked out of the room when a female entered4 ,he was a man of the most regular habits1 and of a sedentary disposition4 ,he possessed a fine estate in ,hertfordshire1 and had never ventured to go so far as to look at it4 ,he often observed that the extent of his journeys had been to ,clapham and ,richmond4 ,for forty years of his life1 when not prevented by indisposition1 he daily went to his bookseller and printseller1 ,elmsley and ,paine1 and every ,saturday he repaired to ,mudge's1 to regulate his watch40 ,he died in #agii4 ,illustration ,,barry',s ,,contempt ,,for ,,portrait ,,painting4 8,folks10 complained ,barry1 8come with a sessarara at the knocker of my street door and disturb my repose to ask my price as a limner4 #8,i'm not a limb of that fraternity of flatterers1' ,i answer2 #8go1 get ye gone to the man in ,leicester ,fields' meaning ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds4 ,pshaw6 the vain coxcombs6 what could ,i see in their vacant countenances worthy of my art8 ,the spalpeens6 ,such blockhead visages to be transmitted to future generations6 ,o keep me1 ye gods1 clear from that offence6 ,to be sure1 and you'll not seduce ,james ,barry to prostitute his pencil1 palette1 and pigments1 to such vile purposes60 ,illustration ,,barry',s ,,eccentricity4 ,the eccentricity of ,barry is thus spoken of in ,daye's 8,essays on ,painting30--8,he carries his ideas of independence to such an extravagant length as always to pay for his dinner at whatever table he sits down4 ,a year or two ago he dined with ,paul ,sandby1 and laid down eighteenpence for his dinner1 but1 on recollection1 paid another sixpence1 for his additional quantity of grog4 ,this instance is by no means singular4 ,his character may be further illustrated4 ,one evening1 at ,somerset ,place1 ,peters said1 on coming in1 #8,how do you do1 ,mr4 ,barry8 ,i hope you are well4' ,on which he grumbled out1 #8,oh6 ,i don't believe a word of it4' ,with all his oddities1 he is1 unquestionably1 a man of uncommon intellect2 every one must be benefited by his conversation1 for1 as ,dr4 ,wolcot has justly observed1 #8,go where he will1 he always leaves a pearl behind him4'0--,barry was born in #agda1 and died in #ahjf4 ,illustration ,,the ,,royal ,,prisoner4 ,joseph ,goupy1 an ingenious artist1 was born at ,nevers1 in ,france1 and painted landscapes much in the style of ,salvator ,rosa4 ,he was in great favour with ,frederic1 ,prince of ,wales1 and frequently attended at ,leicester ,house to draw such designs as his ,royal ,highness chose to dictate4 ,one morning1 on his arrival1 the prince said1 8,come1 ,goupy1 sit down and paint me a picture on such a subject40 ,but ,goupy1 perceiving ,prince ,george1 afterwards ,george ,,iii41 standing as a prisoner behind a chair1 took the liberty humbly to represent to his royal patron how impossible it was for him to sit down to execute his commands with spirit1 while the ,prince was standing1 and under his royal displeasure4 8,come out then1 ,george10 said the good-natured prince2 8,goupy has released you40 ,when ,goupy was eighty-four1 and very poor1 he had a mad woman to nurse and maintain1 who had been the object of his delight when young2 he therefore put himself in the ,king's way at ,kensington1 where he lived4 ,one morning the ,king saw him1 and stopped the coach1 saying1 8,how do you do1 ,goupy80 asking him also if he had sufficient to live upon4 8,little enough1 indeed10 answered ,goupy2 8and as ,i once took your ,majesty out of prison1 ,i hope you will not let me go into one40 ,his ,majesty was graciously pleased to order him a guinea a week for the remainder of his life1 which1 however1 was very brief4 ,he died in #agfc4 ,illustration ,,athenian ,,stuart4 ,goupy1 the subject of the above anecdote1 was in his time considered the most eminent of fan painters4 ,so fashionable was fan painting at that time1 that the family of ,athenian ,stuart placed him as a pupil with that artist1 conceiving that by doing so they had made his fortune4 ,stuart's genius1 however1 in a short time soared to the pinnacle of fame by flying to ,athens for those inestimable treasures which will immortalize his name1 notwithstanding ,hogarth's satire upon the publication of his first volume2 for1 indeed1 we have not now a student who speaks of ,stuart without the honourable prefix of 8,athenian0 to his name4 ,illustration ,,prudhon ,,and ,,canova4 ,while residing at ,rome1 ,prudhon found a friend in ,canova1 his friendship with whom was the most beautiful1 the most noble1 the most holy event in his life2 in it was included everything1 even to self-sacrifice4 ,it consoled ,prudhon for his misfortunes in love4 8,there are three men here10 said ,canova to him one day1 8of whom ,i am jealous40 8,i know and love you alone10 replied ,prudhon4 8,but me alone80 answered ,canova2 8do you not also love ,raffaelle1 and ,leonardo da ,vinci1 and ,correggio8 ,you pass all your time with them1 you listen to them1 you confide to them your dreams1 you go from one to the other1 and you are never tired of admiring what they produce40 ,and this was true1 for ,prudhon was indefatigable in his study of these three masters1 whom he sometimes called the ,graces4 ,but ,correggio was the master whom he loved most4 ,if ,prudhon had listened to ,canova1 he would have spent his life at ,rome2 but in spite of all his friend's entreaties1 he left1 though with a promise soon to return4 ,they never beheld each other again1 but they were faithful in their friendship3 faithful to such a point that they both died at the same time1 as if to meet above4 ,peter ,paul ,prudhon 7named after ,rubens7 was born in #ageh1 and died in #ahbc4 ,illustration ,,revolution ,,an ,,enemy ,,to ,,art4 ,on ,prudhon's return to ,france his mother was dead1 and his wife1 as usual1 was not very conjugal4 ,france had ceased to be a kingdom1 and had not yet become a country4 ,it was the year #aghi1 and the first rumours of the ,revolution swept over the land like some wind foretelling the coming storm4 ,it was the hour of exit for the ,arts4 ,prudhon1 who was always resigned1 showed his resignation in this instance as well4 ,after embracing his wife and children he set out for ,paris1 believing that at every epoch1 even during a revolution1 ,paris was the best place for a man to succeed4 ,he reached that city with scanty means1 and took up his quarters in an hotel which we will dignify by calling it furnished4 ,he intended to lodge there until he could take a studio2 but he got nothing to do1 and consequently nothing to eat4 ,he could not continue this mode of life very long1 and therefore1 although proud and very misanthropical1 he determined on applying to the celebrated painters of that period4 ,these may almost be summed up as consisting of ,greuze1 ,david1 and ,girodet4 ,he waited upon ,greuze1 who was from the same province as himself4 8,do you possess talent80 said ,greuze to him4 8,yes10 replied ,prudhon navely4 8,all the worse10 continued ,greuze4 8,a family and talent6 that is more than you need to die in want4 ,what the deuce have you to do with talent at a period when we no longer have a heaven1 nor a devil1 nor a king1 nor a court1 nor poor1 nor rich8 ,i1 who address you1 am1 as you know1 as good a painter as most men2 and yet just look at my ruffles60 ,on saying this1 ,greuze1 who was a perfect dandy1 and excessively fantastic in his dress1 showed ,prudhon a pair of ragged ruffles4 8,if you did not possess talent10 he continued1 8the evil would not be so great1--you might daub in portraits for the first comer40 8,did ,i not say that ,i had a family80 interrupted ,prudhon4 8,i will paint sign-boards if it is necessary4 ,i will turn mechanic as long as it pleases ,heaven ,i shall be one40 ,true to his word1 ,prudhon set up a shop4 ,he painted miniatures2 he designed headings for letters1 for concert tickets1 and for bills4 ,he ornamented visiting cards and sweatmeat boxes4 8,i undertake10 said he with a melancholy smile1 8all that appertains to my business40 ,illustration ,,serres ,,and ,,vernet4 ,sir ,william ,beechey related the following anecdote of ,serres1 the ship-painter4 ,serres took a picture or pictures of shipping from ,england to the ,king of ,france1 painted to commemorate some naval exploit of the ,french1 and invited connoisseurs and artists to see his performance4 ,among the rest was the famous ,vernet4 ,serres waited some time after ,vernet had looked at the picture1 till he became impatient to hear his opinion1 hoping for praise1 and fearing lest it should not be bestowed4 8,how do you like my picture1 ,m4 ,vernet80 said he4 8,upon my word1 sir10 replied ,vernet1 8you paint ropes exceedingly well40 ,nothing could be more satirical1 or better mark the genius of the two men1 than this reply4 ,vernet1 like a man of genius1 painted nature at large1 and suggested her minuti1 but never gave them in detail4 ,serres was incapable of any thing but detail1 in which he was uncommonly accurate4 ,serres thought he revenged himself on ,vernet by damning him for a fool that had never known how to paint a ship2 which1 in his sense1 was true enough4 ,he could not paint every shroud1 rope1 and tackle1 etc41 all which ,serres had laboriously studied4 ,illustration ,,the ,,heroic ,,painter4 ,vernet was so attached to his profession that he used to make voyages in bad weather on purpose to see the sky and ocean in picturesque perturbation4 ,one day the storm was so violent that the ship's crew were in great consternation4 ,vernet desired a sailor to bind him to the mast4 ,when every one was crying and praying1 ,vernet1 with his eyes now upon the lightning1 and now upon the mountainous waves1 continued to exclaim1 8,how fine this is60 ,illustration ,,vernet ,,and ,,voltaire4 ,when ,vernet1 the celebrated painter1 visited ,voltaire for the first time1 the author thus addressed him3 8,welcome1 ,m4 ,vernet6 you are rising to immortality1 for never were colours more brilliant or more durable than yours60 ,the painter replied1 8,my colours can never vie with your ink60 and caught the hand of ,voltaire1 which he was going to kiss with reverential awe4 ,but the poet snatched it away1 modestly saying1 8,what are you going to do8 ,surely if you kiss my hand1 ,i must kiss your feet40 ,illustration ,,pistrucci',s ,,ready ,,ingenuity4 ,the coronation medal of ,george ,,iv4 afforded an example worth relating of ingenuity and skill in expedients in the art of coining4 ,when the gold proof-piece was shown to ,his ,majesty1 he approved of the obverse1 which is immensely flattering1 though not so much as he wished1 as nothing satisfied him except ,lawrence's juvenile-looking portrait2 but he immediately remarked that on the reverse proof he was not properly placed1 being on a level with the allegorical figures of ,england1 ,scotland1 and ,ireland4 ,this the master of the mint in despair reported to ,pistrucci4 ,what was to be done8 ,there was not time to engrave a new die4 ,after a moment's consideration1 he said1 8,i shall elevate ,his ,majesty40 ,he then cut the die perpendicularly in two1 just at ,his ,majesty's foot1 slid one piece a little above the other1 so as to raise that part of the platform under the throne above the other part1 and continued the under line of the platform to make it even1 as seen in the reverse of the published coronation medal4--,dr4 ,billing's 8,science of ,gems40 ,,charles ,,townley4 ,charles ,townley1 born in ,lancashire in #agcg1 resided for many years at ,rome1 where he devoted his attention to the collecting the remains of ancient ,art4 ,his collection being very various1 he purchased two houses in ,park ,street1 ,westminster1 and there formed a museum for the reception of his antiquities4 ,his gallery of sculpture was very valuable1 he being a most enthusiastic collector4 ,such was his ardour in the pursuit of objects of classic veneration1 that it is related of him that on arriving at ,syracuse1 harassed and exhausted by a long journey1 he would neither take rest nor food until he had visited the ,fountain of ,arethusa4 ,although a wealthy man1 his mode of living was quiet and frugal in the extreme4 ,his statues and busts he called his dead family1 and in collecting their remains1 and relieving his tenantry1 he expended his whole fortune1 and did not even keep a carriage4 ,he died in #ahje at his museum4 ,illustration ,,the ,,townley ,,marbles4 ,the ,elgin marbles1 which became public property by means of public purchase1 on the #ast of ,july1 #ahaf1 was the first unadulterated collection of ancient works of ,art possessed by the nation1 and the precursor of other collections of no less interest to the artist and man of letters4 ,the ,nimroud and ,xanthian marbles especially4 ,in these antiques we behold the real ,art of the sculptors of remote periods2 but in the ,townley collection1 a superficial observer cannot discover where ,greek or ,roman ,art ceases1 and the ingenuity of ,joseph ,nollekens commences4 ,tobacco juice1 cement1 and a few discoloured lumps of marble1 furnished tips to the noses of ,messalinas1 ,octavias1 and other ,roman patrician ladies4 ,arms1 legs1 fingers1 toes1 nails1 and sometimes whole heads1 were dexterously supplied by this king of vampers1 who filled his coffers at a time when the rage for purchasing modern antiques was at its height2 therefore1 fortunate indeed was the virtuoso whose antiques were even a fractional part genuine4 ,mr4 ,townley's marbles were on this account far superior to many other collections4 ,that beautiful bust of a female issuing from the petals of a flower1 ,mr4 ,townley justly considered as the gem of his gallery4 ,during the riots caused by the insane ,lord ,george ,gordon1 the mob marked out ,mr4 ,townley's residence in ,park ,street for destruction1 the owner being a ,roman ,catholic4 ,he secured his cabinet of gems1 and casting a long and lingering look on his cherished marbles1 was about to leave them to their fate1 when1 moved by some irresistible impulse1 he took this beautiful bust in his arms1 and bore it to his carriage4 ,fortunately for the nation the contemplated attack did not take place2 ,mr4 ,townley returned with his 8wife10 as he pleasantly called the lady represented1 and restored her to her companions4 ,mr4 ,townley's gallery1 purchased for the ,museum at two different periods for the sum of #bh1bjj1 paved the way for the far-famed ,elgin collection4--,fine ,arts ,almanac4 ,illustration ,,blucher ,,taken ,,by ,,limners4 ,when the renowned ,blucher visited ,england1 he was made the lion of the day2 the general desire for portraits of this famous soldier was very great1 and he is described as 8seated conveniently for graphic reconnaissance in his apartment at ,st4 ,james's1 his meerschaum in full play1 with a miniature painter taking him straight in front2 a die-sinker by a right profile1 a modeller the left2 two crayon painters at dexter and sinister three-quarter fronts2 and two other limners by a side-long glance1 or a sort of enfilading1 at as much of his visage as was visible from an angle au derrire40 ,illustration ,,cost ,,of ,a ,,picture4 ,it is said that ,marshal ,soult1 on being asked one day how much his best picture had cost1 replied1 8,one monk40 ,the meaning of this was that the picture was given in exchange for an unfortunate monk1 who had been taken prisoner during ,soult's campaign in ,spain1 and condemned to death4 ,illustration ,,resuscitated ,,celebrities4 ,the following is said by the ,polytechnic ,journal to have taken place at a provincial exhibition in the year #ahdj3-- 8,the exhibition rooms were crowded2 many visitors paid for admission1 and many claimed exemption by virtue of brush and palette4 ,among the latter1 two fantastically dressed persons1 like hunters from a neighbouring university1 presented themselves4 8#8,what is the number of your work8' was the question addressed by the doorkeeper to each exhibitor4 #8,mine is two hundred and four1' said one of the applicants4 8#8,then1' said the unconscious functionary1 referring to his catalogue1 #8you are ,mr4 ,lorraine1--,claude ,lorraine8' 8#8,mais prcisement1--est ce que vous m'avez dj connu8' 8#8,i don't exactly understand you1' replied the other1 #8but will you enter your name in this book8' 8,the name was inscribed1 as requested1 in a hand as singular as was the writer himself in appearance4 8,the other applicant was no less a personage than ,gerhard ,douw1 who having registered his name with all the care and finish which distinguishes him1 thanked the doorkeeper in his best ,leyden ,dutch1 and proceeded to look through the rooms4 8,these were not the only distinguished persons who visited the rooms2 others followed1 a few of the names of whom we learn from a long critique in the local newspapers1 a passage of which we quote3 #8,from what we have already stated1 we may consider the success of the experiment as successful beyond parallel2 and such is the interest that the opening of the exhibition has created1 that upon the list of signatures we find the names of many gentlemen not unknown to the world4 ,we now may instance those of ,lorraine1 ,douw1 ,holbein1 ,teniers1 and ,poussin2 but propose next week to discharge more fully this part of our duty1 which from the press of other matter we are now most reluctantly compelled to postpone4'0 ,illustration ,,two ,,gormandizers4 ,mr4 ,charles ,townley who had noticed ,nollekens at ,rome1 kindly continued for years to entertain him at his house1 ,no4 #g1 ,park ,street1 ,westminster2 and when any person spake of good eating1 ,mr4 ,nollekens always gave his friend ,mr4 ,townley the highest credit for keeping a most excellent table4 8,i am sure10 said he1 8to make a good dinner at his house on ,sunday2 but there is a little man1 a great deal less than myself1 who dines there1 of the name of ,devay1 a ,french ,abb1 who beats me out and out4 ,he is one of the greatest gormandizers ,i ever met with2 though1 to look at him1 you would declare him to be in the most deplorable state of starvation40 ,the ,abb ,devay was an excellent man2 he conversed and wrote in many languages2 and his reading and memory were so extensive and useful1 that ,mr4 ,townley1 who referred to him in his literary concerns1 always called him his 8walking library40 ,the ,sunday dinners of ,mr4 ,townley were principally for professors of the ,arts2 and ,sir ,joshua ,reynolds and ,zoffany generally enlivened the circle4--,smith's 8,nollekens and his ,times40 ,illustration ,,the ,,artist ,,illustrated4 ,the following is from ,mr4 ,robert ,kerr's interesting ,discourses on ,fine ,art ,architecture4 8,what is an artist8 ,oh1 everybody knows what an artist is till you press the question1 and then you find that everybody does not so clearly know4 ,i have already defined my meaning in the term1 but perhaps you have net yet felt the fulness of the definition2 and illustration may be useful4 8,in a lone room1 damp-walled and fireless1--the midnight wind of ,march howling without1--cold1 but not feeling it1--cheerless1 comfortless1 but senseless to such1--there sits1 perhaps a youth1 perhaps an aged man4 ,a book lies open1 and his red eyes greedily devour the thought4 ,or it is a picture that he muses on2 perhaps a statue1 a carving1 a device2 perhaps 7although it may seem wonderful7 a building4 ,or he writes1--ponders and writes2 or draws1--ponders and draws4 ,or it is music that he loves1--sweet melody--soft harmony--in the still night1 when grosser men have ceased their turmoil's jarring discord4 ,how intent he is6 ,he forgets the world--forgets himself--forgets the cold ,march night---in some strange lore6 ,the chill of opening spring is but as the warmth of kindest1 sunniest ,autumn4 ,that cheerless home of his is lost--lost in the vision of a beautiful heaven4 ,the bleak black noon of night is without6 within it is a brilliant daylight scene2 and he is very happy6 ,he is alone with ,art1--his soul surrounded with the beautiful4 ,he is drunk with love of ,loveliness as with a drug4 ,sorcery-struck1 the earthy of him sleeps1 and the supernal self is breathing a celestial air4 ,he is not in the dim1 damp chamber1--cold and comfortless4 ,earth singing a wild winter-song without1--he is far away6 ,fool that he is1--poor dreamer6 ,fool8 ,dreamer8 ,,nay60 ,illustration ,,the ,,double ,,surprise4 ,a husband wishing to surprise a beloved wife on her birthday1 came to ,sully1 the painter1 and got him to paint his portrait 8on the sly40 ,it was begun forthwith1 and ,sully was to have it carried home and put up while the wife was out4 ,but before it was half done1 the wife paid him a visit by stealth4 8,pray1 ,mr4 ,sully10 said she1 8could you not contrive1 think you1 to make a portrait of me by such a day 7,sully stared71 for that is my birthday1 and ,i should like of all things to surprise my husband10 8,why1--a--a10 said ,sully1 seeing that she had no idea of the trick1 8,i do believe that ,i could2 and if you will manage to draw your husband away the night before1 ,i will have the picture hung up for you and all ready to receive you in the morning40 8,delightful60 said she4 ,to work he went therefore1 and so closely was he run that once or twice he had to let the husband out of one door on tiptoe1 while the wife was creeping in at another on tiptoe4 ,well1 the portraits were finished3 they were very like4 ,the night before the birthday arrived1 and ,sully finding both parties away1 each being decoyed away by the other1 hung them up 7the pictures1 not the parties7 in their superb frames1 just where they required to be hung4 ,the rest of the story we may as well skip1--for who shall describe the surprise of both1 when the wife got up early1 and the husband got up early1 both keeping their countenances to a miracle1 and each feigned an excuse to lead the other into the room where the two portraits appeared side by side6--,monthly ,magazine1 #ahbf4 ,illustration ,,the ,,ideal ,,part ,,of ,,painting4 8,painting is an act that leads to infinite exertion1 and the perfection of it appears difficult to be ascertained4 ,the grandest performances of the greatest masters cannot circumscribe the limits of the art4 ,raphael has executed prodigious works2 but yet we dare to think that he may be excelled1 and this great man laboured every day of his life1 with a hope to surpass himself4 ,i am certain that had his life1 which was a short one1 been extended to ever so great a length1 and had his progress in his art kept pace with his increasing years1 the idea of perfection which he cherished would have prevented him from being satisfied with what he had1 and he would always have aimed at further improvement4 ,no one but a painter can imagine this infinite process in the art3 other men consider it as confined to very narrow limits4 ,the artist himself sees his toil expanding itself every moment into infinite extent4 ,this art may be compared to geography2 where a dot stands for a city1 a sea1 or a kingdom40 ,in confirmation of this opinion of ,charpentier on the infinite progress of the ideal part of painting1 let us hear the sentiment of a painter of our own country3 8,i believe there never was such a race of men upon the face of the earth2 never did men look and act like those we see represented in the works of ,raphael1 ,michael ,angelo1 ,correggio1 ,parmegiano1 and others of the best painters2 yet nature appears throughout4 ,we rarely or never see such landscapes as those of ,titian1 ,annibal ,caracci1 ,salvator ,rosa1 ,claude ,lorraine1 ,jasper1 ,poussin1 and ,rubens2 such buildings1 in magnificence1 as in the pictures of ,paul ,veronese2 but yet there is nothing but what we can believe may be4 ,our ideas even of fruits1 flowers1 insects1 draperies1 and indeed of all visible things1 and of some that are invisible1 or creatures of the imagination1 are raised and improved in the hands of a good painter2 and the mind is thereby filled with the noblest1 and therefore the most delightful images40--,see ,j4 ,richardson's works1 8,science of a ,connoisseur40 ,illustration ,,satan ,,at ,a ,,premium4 ,vandermyne1 the ,dutch painter1 was taken into ,yorkshire by a ,mr4 ,aislesby1 to paint him some pictures2 but he committed such excesses that he was at length turned out of doors4 ,under these circumstances he went to a draper at ,york1 where he had frequently been with his patron1 and took goods for clothing on credit2 and as in conversation he discovered that the draper had saved a few hundred pounds1 he persuaded him to part with it1 promising him five per cent43 then getting a tailor recommended to make the clothes1 he afterwards decamped in a hurry4 ,it was some months before ,mr4 ,aislesby had occasion to go to ,york2 and when he called on the draper1 the latter ventured to ask after the gentleman1 when the other exclaimed he had turned the rascal out of doors for his drunkenness and dissolute conduct4 ,on this an explanation took place1 and the man was advised to get a picture for his money1 as the painter was no farther off than ,scarborough4 ,the advice was followed1 and he found the artist1 who1 after a bottle1 painted before he left him a large head of ,satan after the ,fall4 ,this picture was exhibited gratis at the draper's house at ,york1 and by the company it attracted amply repaid him4 ,the poor tailor1 who lived opposite1 and had made the clothes1 being mortified at the other's success1 determined to walk over to ,scarborough to see if he also could get a picture4 ,on being introduced to the artist1 he begged with many bows and scrapes that as the artist had painted a picture for his neighbour that was likely to make his fortune1 he would likewise paint one for him2 and as his account was not so great as the other's1 he observed that he could not expect so large a one2 but added1 if he would be so good as to paint him a little devil1 he should be much obliged4 ,the whim took2 he got a small picture and returned to ,york1 where both pictures were exhibited with great clat4 ,he died in ,moorfields1 #aghc1 aged #fh4 ,illustration ,,love ,,of ,,the ,,picturesque4 ,a white partridge having been captured in ,shropshire1 and being a great curiosity1 it was sent to ,pugh with instructions to paint its portrait4 ,pugh1 who was a tolerably good painter1 was no sportsman1 and painted a large oak with the white partridge perched on one of the branches4 ,when told that partridges always sat on the ground1 he said1 8,that might be2 but it looks so much more picturesque to have a landscape in the background2 and ,i can't alter it1 for an extraordinary bird ought to have an extraordinary situation2 it exalts him above his fellows40 ,,the ,,dutch ,,painter ,,and ,,his ,,customers4 8,i vork in my studio one day1 ven one gentleman wid de lunettes come in1 make one1 two1 tree bow1 very profound1 and say1 #8,gut morgen1 meinheer6' ,i make one1 two1 tree profound bow1 and say de same4 ,den de gentleman look at all my picture very slow and deliberate2 den he say1 #8,dat is goot2 dat is beautiful2 dat is vondrous fine4' ,den1 he say at last1 #8,sare1 vil you permit me to bring my friend de ,baron von ,a---- to see your fine vork8' ,i say1 #8,sare1 you vil do me von favour4' ,den he make tree more bow more profound dan before1 and he go vay4 ,de next day he bring his friend de ,baron1 and dey two make six bow all very profound1 and dey say dat all is very beautiful2 and den de ,baron say1 #8,sare1 vil you let me bring my friend de ,count von ,a---- to see dese so fine vork8' and den dey make der bow once again1 and go vay1 and ,i see dem no more4 ,dat vas von ,german gentleman4 8,anoder day1 von little gentleman came in wid von skip1 and say1 #8,bon jour1 monsieur6 charm de faire vtre connaissance4' ,he take up his lorgnette1 and he look at my first picture1 and he say1 #8,ah1 very vell1 sare6 dat is von very fine morsel6' ,den he pass quick to anoder1 and he say1 #8,sare1 dis is truly admirable2 after dis beautiful nature is vort notting2' and so in two minute and a half he get trough dem all4 ,den he twirl his cane1 and stick out his chin1 and say1 #8,sare1 ,i make you my compliment2 you have one great talent for de landscape2 ,i shall have de honour to recommend you to all my friend2 au revoir1 monsieur2' but ,i see him never again4 ,he vas von ,french gentleman4 8,anoder day1 ,i hear von loud rap wid von stick at my door1 and ven ,i say1 #8,come in1' von gentleman valks forward1 very stiff1 and nod his head1 but take never his hat off4 ,he say1 #8,may ,i see your picture8' ,i bow and say1 #8,wid pleasure1 sare4' ,he no answer1 but look at von a long time1 and say not a vord4 ,den he look at anoder1 and say notting4 ,den he go to anoder1 and look1 and say1 #8,vat is de price of dis8' ,i say1 #8,forty louis1 sare4' ,he say notting1 but go to de next1 and look von long time2 and at last he say1 #8,vat is de price of dis8' ,den ,i say1 #8,sare1 it is sixty louis4' ,den he say1 #8,can you give me pen and ink8' and ven ,i give it1 he sat down1 and he say1 #8,vat is your name1 sare8' ,den ,i give him my card1 and he write one order on ,torlonia for sixty louis2 he gave me de order wid his card1 and he say1 #8,dat picture is mine2 dat is my address2 send it home2 good morning4' ,and so he make one more stiff nod and valk avay4 ,dis vas von ,english gentleman40 ,illustration ,,painting ,a ,,sky4 ,the following amusing anecdote is given in a volume of the ,polytechnic ,journal3-- 8,s'entr'aider is not uncommon in the ,english ,school1 where points of departure from an artist's ordinary habits of work create a feeling of diffidence2 but it rarely occurs that the two names attach to the work4 ,sometimes the commonest objects create intense difficulty when an artist is fastidious and jealous of all foreign assistance2 for instance1 to ,,paint ,a ,,sky is the halting point of one of our artists who is in the enjoyment of a certain degree of celebrity4 ,this1 his foible1 became known to us through a mutual acquaintance1 who1 calling one day at his house1 had the door opened to him by a female domestic1 whose eyes were red with weeping4 8#8,is ,mr4 ---- at home8' 8#8,yes1 sir1 but--but--he's painting a sky1 sir2' and up went the apron to her eyes as she began to whine anew4 8,it struck the visitor that something must be #8out of joint4' ,as he was hurrying to the well-known studio1 the girl hastily exclaimed1-- 8#8,o pray1--please sir1 don't go up2 it's not safe1--he's painting a sky1 and he doesn't see nobody on sky-days4' 8,this expostulation had its effect4 #8,well1 well1' said the other1 #8if ,mr4 ---- has given orders not to be interrupted1 make my compliments1 and say ,i will call in the evening4' 8,the evening came and the daylight went1 and the would-be visitor addressed himself again to the painter's knocker1 under the impression that there was then certainly not light enough for #8painting a sky4' 8,the door was opened as before1 and the applicant was about1 unhesitatingly1 to proceed to his friend's studio1 when he was again encountered by the servant's deprecating accents4 8#8,what6 not to be seen yet8' 8#8,oh no1 sir2 master's skying away like a madman4 ,he'll be the death of us all4' 8,it was ultimately agreed that the visitor should wait a little in a lower room1 as the artist's usual hour of relaxation from professional employment was already past4 ,the room into which he was shown was immediately below the studio1 and he took up a book1 but from the noise overhead he found it impossible to read4 ,the painter was pacing up and down in precipitate and violent action1 and from the noise and sound of splinters1 heavy objects of furniture were undoubtedly smashed2 lighter ones seemed to be kicked about with the fury and increased power of a maniac2 the door1 too1 was slammed with fearful violence1 and from time to time the shivered glass of the windows fell upon the pavement4 8,the visitor became alarmed4 ,he was rushing upstairs1 when he was met by a young child who was wailing and lamenting aloud1 as if he had been severely beaten4 8#8,what can be the reason of all this8' demanded our friend4 8#8,oh6 ,pa's painting a sky1--pa's painting a sky1' was all1 in his excessive grief1 the boy could utter4 ,while yet condoling with the child1 another1 younger1 rushed downstairs with a rapidity sufficient to endanger its neck1--the cry as before1 #8,pa's painting a sky4' 8,the second child was followed by ,mrs4 ----1 who apologised for the prevailing confusion2 #8but1' added she1 #8this is so often the case when ,mr4 ---- has to paint a sky1 that it is my most fervent prayer he may never paint another4' 8,the tears stood in the good lady's eyes2 and scarcely had she finished speaking when an unlucky dog was hurled from above1 filling the house with his shrill and piteous howlings2 and1 lastly1 the cat descended with a like precipitation4 ,our friend1 despairing of meeting the artist in a rational state1 now took his hat1 his departure1 and a resolution to visit him some other day when his employment was not #8painting a sky4'0 ,illustration ,,variety ,,of ,,skies4 ,ambrose ,philips1 the poet1 was1 in his conversation1 solemn and pompous4 ,at a coffee-house he was once discoursing upon pictures1 and pitying the painters who in their historical pieces always drew the same sort of sky4 8,they should travel10 said he1 8and then they will see that there is a different sky in every country1--in ,england1 ,france1 ,italy1 and so forth40 8,your remark is just10 said a grave old gentleman who sat by3 8,i have been a traveller1 and can testify what you observe is true2 but the greatest variety of skys that ,i found was in ,poland40 8,in ,poland1 sir80 said ,philips4 8,yes1 in ,poland2 for there are ,sobiesky1 ,poniatowsky1 ,sarbrunsky1 ,jablonsky1 ,podebrasky1 and many more skys1 sir1 than are to be found anywhere else40 ,illustration ,,slang ,,of ,,artists4 ,the conversation of artists1 when it has reference to their profession1 is usually patched up with phrases peculiar to themselves1 and which may not be improperly called ,slang of ,art4 ,this jargon1 when heard by persons unacquainted with its application1 is apt to lead to awkward mistakes4 ,a laughable instance of this kind once occurred4 ,a party of artists were travelling in a stage-coach1 in which1 besides themselves1 a sedate venerable lady was the only passenger4 ,the conversation among the artists ran as follows3--8,how playful those clouds are60 8,that group to the left is sweetly composed1 though perhaps a little too solid and rocky for the others40 8,i have seen nothing of ,l----'s lately4 ,i think he is clever40 8,he makes all his flesh too chalky40 8,you must allow1 however1 that he is very successful with his ladies40 ,the old lady began to exhibit symptoms of uneasiness1 and at the close of each observation cast an anxious and inquiring look at the speaker4 ,her companions1 however1 unconscious of the surprise they were exciting 7for she entertained doubts as to their sanity71 went on in the same style4 ,she heard them1 to her increasing dismay1 talk of a farm-house coming out from the neighbouring trees1 and of a gentleman's grounds wanting repose4 ,at length they approached an old village church4 ,a great many observations were made about the keeping1 etc41 of the scene1 which the old woman bore with tolerable equanimity2 but at last one of the party exclaimed1 in a kind of enthusiasm1 8,see how well the woman in the red cloak carries off the tower40 ,the lady screamed to the coachman to stop1 paid him his fare1 although advanced only half way on her journey1 and expressed her thankfulness for having escaped alive from such a set of madmen4 ,illustration ,a ,,picture ,,dealer',s ,,knowledge ,,of ,,geography4 ,about sixty years back a picture dealer1 selling his pictures by an exhibition at the ,town ,hall of ,doncaster1 had1 among other performances1 the following subject1 according to his catalogue3--8#8,a ,view in ,italy1' by ,caracci1 with a figure of ,john the ,baptist baptizing in the river ,jordan40 ,illustration ,,on ,,study ,,of ,,antiquities4 ,much false wit and unjust strictures have been made on lovers of the olden time1 as if they were all alike nugatory and tiresome4 ,many antiquaries have proved men of great sense and ingenuity4 ,let two modern ones plead the cause of antiquarianism1--the poets ,gray and ,t4 ,warton4 ,cervantes has well described foolish and useless researches into antiquity3 8,say no more1 sir10 says ,sancho1 8for in good faith if ,i fall to questioning and answering1 ,i shall not have done between this and to-morrow morning2 for foolish questions and ridiculous answers ,i need not be obliged to any of my neighbours40 8,sancho10 quoth ,don ,quixote1 8you have said more than you are aware of2 for some there are who tire themselves with examining into and explaining things1 which1 after they are known and explained1 signify not a farthing to the understanding or memory40 ,illustration ,,the ,,reserve4 ,a gentleman showing his friend his curiosities1 pictures1 etc41 in his gallery1 on the other praising them all very much1 he gave him a choice of any one of them as a present4 ,the stranger fixed his election upon a tablet1 in which the ,ten ,commandments were written in letters of gold4 8,you must excuse me there10 replied the gentleman2 8those ,i am bound to keep40 ,illustration ,,gallantry ,,of ,,antiquaries4 8,their ,venus must be old1 and want a nose40--,foote4 ,antiquaries are by no means apt to pay great attention to the fair sex2 among those who have set themselves most warmly against that elegant part of the creation1 must be reckoned ,antony ,wood1 whose diary affords some instances of his dislike1 so grotesque that they claim attention4 ,page #afg4 8,he 7,sir ,thomas ,clayton71 and his family1 most of them womankind 7which before were looked upon1 if resident in the college1 as a scandal and abomination thereto71 being no sooner settled1 etc41 etc41 the warden's garden must be altered1 new trees planted1 etc41 etc4 ,all which1 though unnecessary1 yet the poor college must pay for them2 and all this to please a woman60 ,page #afh4 8,frivolous expenses to pleasure his proud lady40 ,page #agc4 8,yet the warden1 by the motion of his lady1 did put the college to unnecessary charges1 and very frivolous expenses3 among which were a very large looking-glass1 for her to see her ugly face and body to the middle1 and perhaps lower40 ,page #beb4 8,cold entertainment1 cold reception1 cold clownish woman40 ,page #beg4 8,dr4 ,bathurst took his place of ,vice-,chancellor1 a man of good parts1 and able to do good things1 but he has a wife that scorns that he should be in print4 ,a scornful woman6 ,scorns that he was ,dean of ,wells6 ,no need of marrying such a woman1 who is so conceited that she thinks herself fit to govern a college or a university40 ,the learned ,selden has left no good example to antiquaries1 in point of gallantry4 8,it is reason10 says he1 8a man that will have a wife should be at the charge of her trinkets1 and pay all the scores she sets on him4 ,he that will keep a monkey1 it is fit he should pay for the glasses he breaks40--,european ,magazine4 ,illustration ,,poets ,,and ,,painters4 ,the visible emotions that poets are subject to1 during the ardour of composition1 are not to be ridiculed as grimaces1 for they certainly assist to put the fancy in motion4 ,nor are they to be considered as the struggles of the mind against its own want of fertility2 they often proceed from the powers being under very animated exertion4 ,quintilian compares these agitations to the lashing of a lion's tail1 bestowed on his own back to excite and prepare himself for a combat4 ,dominichino used to act the parts of the personages he was about to represent by his pencil2 to use such action1 to utter such speeches1 as he conceived their situation and character would demand4 ,and when he was employed on the picture of the ,martyrdom of ,st4 ,andrew1 ,caracci1 coming into his room1 surprised him in one of these assumed characters4 ,his voice thundered1 and his attitude was fierce and threatening2 he was then preparing to paint the figure of a soldier menacing the saint4 ,when this fit of enthusiasm had subsided1 ,caracci ran to embrace this great painter1 and declared that he should consider him from that time his master1 and that he had that day caught from him the true method of designing expression4 ,illustration ,,freedom ,,of ,,opinion4 ,sir ,martin ,archer ,shee1 in his 8,rhymes on ,art10 remarks3--8,there is no enjoying a picture in peace while the proprietor is expatiating on its beauties4 ,all pleasure is destroyed1 all improvement prevented1 when-- #8,the connoisseur his cabinet displays1 ,and levies heavy penalties of praise2 ,exacts your admiration without end1 ,watches your eye1 nor waits till you commend4' ,neither politeness nor prudence will allow you to dissent1 however erroneous you may think his remarks1 or misplaced his panegyric2 for1 in the present day1 when old pictures bear a price so extraordinary1 to hint a doubt of the various and often incompatible merits which the owner of the celebrated work chooses to ascribe to it1 seems not only an insult but an injury1 since it tends to depreciate his property1 as well as to disparage his taste40 ,an amusing instance of this difficulty of forming an independent opinion is given in ,richardson's 8,discourses on the ,science of a ,connoisseur40 8,some years since1 a very honest gentleman 7a rough man7 came to me1 and amongst other discourse1 with abundance of civility invited me to his house4 #8,i have1' said he1 #8a picture by ,rubens2 'tis a rare good one4 ,mr4 ---- came t'other day to see it1 and says 'tis a copy4 ,g--d d--n him1 if any one says that picture is a copy1 ,i'll break his head6 ,pray1 ,mr4 ,richardson1 will you come1 and give me your opinion of it8'0 ,illustration ,,the ,,connoisseur ,,taken ,,in4 ,one day1 at an exhibition in ,brussels1 there was a gentleman very finely dressed1 who seemed uncommonly attentive to every picture1 and condemned1 like a modern critic1 ad libitum4 ,coming at last over against a highly-finished piece of fruit and flowers1 with insects placed upon some of the leaves1 he lifted up his right hand1 and applied his eye-glass1 which was set in silver1 and curiously chased round the rim2 on the little finger of the other hand1 which held the catalogue1 he had an antique1 set round with rich brilliants4 ,after he had pored over the picture for some time1 he exclaimed1 8,oh1 horribly handled6--the colouring is execrable4 ,was this thing done for a fly8 never was anything half so wretched4 ,a fly6 nothing was ever more out of nature40--,this speech brought a group of listeners about him3 he then pointed to that part of the picture where this insect was executed in so abominable a manner2 on the approach of his finger1 the ill-done reptile flew away1 for it happened to be a real fly4 ,illustration ,,no ,,connoisseur4 ,lord ,chesterfield happened to be at a rout in ,france1 where ,voltaire was one of the guests4 ,chesterfield seemed to be gazing about the brilliant circle of ladies1 when ,voltaire thus accosted him3 8,my lord1 ,i know you are a judge2 which are more beautiful1 the ,english or ,french ladies80--8,upon my word10 replied his lordship1 with his usual presence of mind1 8,i am no connoisseur in paintings40 ,illustration ,,the ,,uncourtly ,,medalist4 8,one day10 says the ,duchess d',orleans in her letters1 8,mareschal de ,villars came to see me4 ,as he was esteemed a connoisseur in medals1 and wished to examine my collection1 ,i sent for ,baudelot1 a worthy man who takes care of them for me1 and bade him show them to the mareschal4 ,baudelot is no courtier1 is utterly ignorant of the tales of the day1 and of consequence knows nothing of ,m4 de ,villars' domestic uneasiness4 ,he began with acquainting the mareschal that he had written a dissertation to prove a certain antique horned bust1 was not meant for ,jupiter ,ammon1 but for ,pan4 #8,ah1 sir1' said he next1 #8this is one of our most curious coins4 ,it is the triumph of ,cornificius2 he has all sorts of horns2 he has the horns of ,jove and of ,faunus4 ,observe him1 sir3 he1 like you1 was a great general4'0----8,i would fain10 says the duchess1 8have turned the conversation1 but ,baudelot persisted in it1 till all the company were forced to leave the room1 that they might indulge their propensity to laugh2 nor was it without difficulty that1 after ,villars was gone1 ,i could convince my medalist of his impropriety in talking of horns before so celebrated a cuckold40--,european ,magazine4 ,,connoisseurs4 ,to form a judgment of pictures1 it seems reasonable1 no doubt1 that the connoisseur should be acquainted with the original subjects4 ,yet how many persons1 who have scarcely seen more of nature than the ,parks and ,kensington ,gardens1 give their opinions of the beautiful landscapes of the ,poussins and ,claude1 and venture their criticism on their faults6 ,this fact brings to remembrance a story of a gentleman from the ,heralds' ,college1 who was much disappointed on the view of the lions in the ,tower1 as he found them so very different from what he had used to delineate them1--rampant1 couchant1 etc41 at the college4 ,illustration ,,old ,,books4 ,the purchasers of these rare commodities1 if they are not irreclaimable antiquaries1 have little reason to defend their very unaccountable propensities to dust and bookworms4 ,an author is scarce1 either because in course of time the edition has been sold1 and by neglect and accidents lost to the public1 and no one has thought it worth while to reprint it2 or because the edition was very expensive1 and in the first place consisted of few copies4 ,if mere antiquity and scarceness are the grounds on which these very curious purchasers proceed1 we might expect1 provided they were well gilt and in good condition1 they would seek their wives among the venerable and scarce specimens of ancient maidens and widows4 ,illustration ,,extra ,,love ,,of ,,antiquity4 ,it may with truth be observed that those who have lost themselves in the study of antiquities seem to have dropped their connection with the world around them1 and1 like ghosts1 to hover round the tombs of their deceased friends1 which they honour in proportion to the remoteness of their decease4 ,lord ,monboddo1 the metaphysician1 a great admirer of the ancients1 has professed this taste of 8time-honoured0 connections in the most ample and singular manner4 ,speaking of ,greek and ,latin ,dictionaries1 his lordship says1 8,i reckon such dictionary-makers1 by whose industry we are enabled to live in the ancient world1 one of the greatest blessings which we enjoy in this40 ,illustration ,,how ,,to ,,be ,a ,,connoisseur4 ,a lady1 to whom a painter had promised the best picture in his collection1 knew not which to take1 and hit upon this stratagem3--,she sent a person to the painter1 who was from home1 to tell him that his house was on fire4 8,take care of my ,cleopatra10 exclaimed the artist4 ,the next day the lady sent for the ,cleopatra4 ,illustration ,,the ,,chandos ,,portrait ,,of ,,shakspeare4 ,the history of this very interesting and renowned portrait is as follows4 ,it is presumed to be the work of ,richard ,burbage1 the first actor of ,richard ,,iii41 who is known to have handled the pencil4 ,it then became the property of ,joseph ,taylor1 the poet's ,hamlet1 who1 dying about the year #afec1 left it by will to ,sir ,william ,davenant1 the poet1 who was born #afje1 and died #affh4 ,he was a professed admirer of ,shakspeare2 and his elder brother 7,parson ,robert7 had been heard to relate1 as ,aubrey informs us1 that ,shakspeare had often kissed ,sir ,william when a boy4 ,at the death of ,sir ,william ,davenant1 in #affh1 it was bought by ,betterton1 the great actor1 belonging to the ,duke's ,theatre1 of which ,davenant was the patentee2 and when he died1 ,mr4 ,robert ,keck1 of the ,inner ,temple1 gave ,mrs4 ,barry1 the actress1 who had it from ,betterton1 forty guineas for it4 ,from ,mr4 ,keck it passed to ,mr4 ,nicol1 of ,minchenden ,house1 ,southgate1 whose only daughter and heiress1 ,mary1 married ,james1 ,marquess of ,carnarvon1 afterwards ,duke of ,chandos1 from whom it descended in right of his second wife1 ,anna ,eliza1 to the late ,duke of ,buckingham and ,chandos4 ,it is a small portrait on canvas1 #bb inches long by #ah broad4 ,the face is thoughtful1 the eyes are expressive1 and the hair is of a brown black1 the dress is black with a white turnover collar1 the strings of which are loose4 ,in the left ear is a small gold ring4 ,it fetched1 at the ,duke of ,buckingham's sale at ,stowe1 in ,september1 #ahdh1 the princely sum of #cee guineas4 ,the ,earl of ,ellesmere was the purchaser1 and it now forms part of the grand collection of pictures at ,bridgwater ,house1 in the ,green ,park4 ,illustration ,,the ,,felton ,,portrait ,,of ,,shakspeare4 ,the following is the advertisement of the sale of this celebrated portrait1 which took place at ,christie's ,rooms on the #cjth ,april #ahgj3-- 8,,messrs4 ,,christie1 ,,manson1 ,,woods1 respectfully give notice that they will ,,sell by ,,auction1 at their great ,rooms1 ,king ,street1 ,st4 ,james's ,square1 on ,saturday1 ,april #cjth1 at #c o'clock1 the ,,felton ,,portrait of ,,shakspeare4 ,this celebrated picture forms part of an estate in course of administration under orders of the ,court of ,chancery4 ,it is generally supposed to be the portrait from which ,droeshout engraved his plate1 the first portrait published of ,shakspeare1 and has the reputation of ,ben ,jonson's testimony of its resemblance to the immortal bard1--#8,this figure1 that thou here seest put1 it was for gentle ,shakspeare cut2 wherein the graver had a strife with nature1 to out-doo the life3 ,o1 could he but have drawn his wit as well in brasse1 as he hath hit his face2 the print would then surpass all that was ever writ in brasse4' ,the picture is painted on wood1 life-size1 little more than the countenance remaining4 ,on the back is an inscription in old writing1 #8,gu4 ,shakspeare1 #aeig4--,r4 ,b4'2 presumed to be ,richard ,burbage1 a well-known player and artist1 contemporary with ,shakspeare1 and to whom report has always given the honour of painting the only portrait for which ,shakspeare sat40 ,the picture had but few admirers1 and realized only fifty pounds4 ,illustration ,,parisian ,,caricaturists4 ,in ,march1 #ahea1 a singular circumstance occurred in ,paris1 namely1 the conviction and sentencing of ,charles ,vernier1 the caricaturist on the ,charivari1 to a fine of #ajj francs and two months' imprisonment4 ,his crime was designing a head of the ,constitution4 ,m4 ,lon ,faucher and other politicians were shooting arrows at this wonderful mark4 ,the ,president was handing them the arrows4 ,underneath was written1 8,who upsets it completely shall be my minister40 ,m4 ,leopold ,pannier1 the editor1 was condemned to pay #bjjj francs fine1 and suffer six months' imprisonment4 ,the passion of the ,french for political ferment must be extraordinary to require such severity exercised towards the press and the arts1 added to an extensive system of espionage1 which appears to pervade every society of every grade throughout ,france4 ,where 8,liberty1 ,equality1 and ,fraternity10 are upon every lip1 we find ,french citizens amerced and imprisoned for an offence which in ,england1 monarchical ,england1 is allowed to pass unnoticed4 ,our caricaturists1 had they been in ,france1 would have been pillaged of every farthing1 and rotted in a felon's gaol1 for producing merely a tithe of the bold1 political hits at royalty1 the ministry1 and the political events of the ,french war1 during the reigns of ,george ,,iii4 and ,george ,,iv4 ,the most biting caricatures were thrown off by thousands within a stone's throw of the palace of ,st4 ,james's1 and wet impressions taken to the ,king1 whose good nature was above making war upon ,art1 even if his knowledge of the ,english character1 and the experience of many years--from the days of ,sir ,robert ,walpole--had not shown him that disappointment1 or even public spleen1 is harmlessly dissipated by a laugh and a stinging article from some journal1--the true safety-valve for the expression of public hatred to political partisans or measures4--,almanac of the ,fine ,arts4 ,illustration ,,italian ,,pottery ,,and ,,glass-,,making4 ,the early celebrity of ,italian pottery is attested by the ,french word for earthenware1--faence1--which is only a corruption of the name of the ,italian town1 ,faenza2 and its flourishing condition in past ages is shown by the works now so eagerly sought for1 in which the genius of ,italian art is displayed4 ,but the present commercial importance of this branch of industry in ,italy does not equal the historical interest that belongs to it4 ,production is limited1 not exceeding the value of #c1bjj1jjj francs in porcelain and earthenware of all kinds2 while the value of importations from foreign countries amounts to a somewhat larger sum1 ,one porcelain manufactory1 that of ,doccia1 near ,florence1 seems to deserve special notice1 ,this establishment1 the property of the ,marquis ,ginovi1 is chiefly remarkable for the successful imitations which it produces of old majolica4 ,the total annual value of the articles made in it is estimated at about #cbj1jjj francs4 ,the introduction of the art of glass-making into modern ,europe is due to the ,venetians1 who1 until comparatively late times1 enjoyed an undisputed superiority in it4 ,they discovered the means of rendering glass colourless by the employment of manganese4 ,they had the monopoly of mirrors1 the silvering of which was a secret long kept from other countries1 ,but the mirrors of ,venice have now lost their reputation1 the manufacturers of this place being unable to produce plates equal in dimensions to those made by their foreign competitors4 ,glass beads became at an early period an important article of trade with ,africa and the ,east4 ,they are still made in considerable quantities for exportation4 ,venetian enamels have always been famous1 and among the peculiar productions of this place may be reckoned the beautiful composition called ,aventurine1 the secret of which is said to be in the possession of a single manufacturer4 ,some articles1 such as beads1 are made to a certain extent in the city of ,venice itself2 but the great glass works are to be found at ,murano1 one of the islands of the lagoon4 ,this little island1 which had at one time #cj1jjj inhabitants1 formerly enjoyed a sort of local independence1 with distinct laws and institutions4 ,it had a wealthy nobility of its own1 whose names were inscribed in a separate golden book4 ,its privileges have disappeared1 its population and riches have declined1 but its industrial establishments are still active1 and show signs of prosperity4 ,before the fall of the old ,venetian republic1 the glassmakers constituted a close corporation with exclusive privileges4 ,the trade was thrown open in #ahjf under the government of the then kingdom of ,italy1 and a period of keen competition and low prices ensued1 until the year #ahdh1 when the conditions of the trade were regulated by an agreement among the manufacturers4 ,the number of persons employed in glass-making at ,murano and ,venice is #ejjj1 of whom one-third are men1 and two-thirds women and children4 ,the highest wages are1 for men1 #ab francs2 for women1 #a franc #ej centimes2 the lowest for men1 #b francs1 and for women1 #ge centimes4 ,the annual cost of the substances employed in the manufacture is estimated at between #f1jjj1jjj and #g1jjj1jjj francs1 and that of the fuel consumed at #fjj1jjj francs4 ,the gross receipts obtained come to little more than double this aggregate amount4 ,the principal markets for ,venetian glass are in ,france1 ,england1 ,germany1 and1 above all1 in the ,east1 where there is a constant demand for the beads and other articles known by the denomination of 8conterie40 ,the above facts are taken from the interesting report by ,mr4 ,herries1 published in a recently issued series of consular reports4--,pall ,mall ,gazette4 ,illustration ,,the ,,portland ,,vase4 ,the ,portland ,vase is a beautiful cinerary urn of transparent dark blue glass1 found about the middle of the sixteenth century1 in a marble sarcophagus near ,rome4 ,it was at first deposited in the ,barberini ,palace at ,rome 7and hence often called the 8,barberini ,vase073 it then became 7#aggj7 the property1 by purchase1 of ,sir ,william ,hamilton1 from whose possession it passed into that of the ,duchess of ,portland4 ,in #ahaj1 the ,duke of ,portland1 one of the trustees of the ,british ,museum1 allowed it to be placed in that institution1 retaining his right over it as his own property4 ,in #ahde1 ,william ,lloyd dashed this valuable relic to pieces with a stone4 ,owing to the defective state of the law1 only a slight punishment could be inflicted2 but an act was immediately passed making such an offence punishable with imprisonment for two years2 and one1 two1 or three public or private whippings4 ,the pieces of the fractured vase were carefully gathered up1 and afterwards united in a very complete manner1 and thus repaired4 ,it still exists in the ,museum1 but is not shown to the public4 ,illustration ,a ,,lost ,,art4 ,the most remarkable ,chinese porcelain is the ,kiasing1 or azure pressed2 the secret of its manufacture has been lost1 but the specimens which are preserved are of inestimable value4 ,the art was that of tracing figures on the china1 which are invisible until the vessel is filled with liquid4 ,the porcelain is of the very thinnest description1--almost as thin as an egg-shell4 ,it is said that the application in tracing these figures is internal1 and not by external painting1 as in ordinary manufacture2 and that after such tracing was made1 and when it was perfectly dry1 a very thin covering or coating was laid over it of the same paste of which the vessel had been formed1 and thus the painting lay between two coatings of chinaware4 ,when the internal coating became sufficiently dry1 they oiled it over1 and shortly after placed it in a mould and scraped the exterior of the vessel as thin as possible1 without penetrating to the painting1 and then baked it in the oven4 ,it is evident that if such be the mode that was adopted1 it would require the nicest dexterity and patient care1 for which the ,chinese are remarkable2 but1 although they constantly endeavour to recover the exact method1 their trials have been hitherto unavailing4--,sirr's 8,china and the ,chinese40 ,illustration ,,fans4 ,old ,english and ,french fans are both scarce and costly2 in #ahfe a collection of old ,french fans1 painted by ,boucher and ,watteau1 was sold by ,messrs4 ,foster at prices varying from #f to #cj each2 the set of fourteen fans fetching as much as #aie4 ,recently1 three old ,french fans were sold by ,messrs4 ,christie and ,manson for the large sum of #ee guineas4 ,an ,exhibition of ,fans on loan took place at the ,south ,kensington ,museum in ,may1 #ahgj1 a collection both curious and interesting2 the objects of the promoters being to encourage a taste for fans of elegant and artistic designs1 and to promote the employment of female artists in their manufacture4 ,much has been done by ,mr4 ,cole and his able co-adjutors to foster a correct taste1 and enable those who follow ,art1 as a means of livelihood1 to obtain true artistic instruction4 ,the number of fans in the collection consisted of over five hundred1 many being works of high ,art2 and it was astonishing to see what little effect time had had on these little frail and perishable articles of luxury4 ,her ,majesty the ,queen1 the ,empress of the ,french1 the ,comtesse de ,chambrun1 and ,lady ,wyatt1 alone contributed over one hundred and fifty1 all of exquisite design and workmanship4 ,mr4 ,samuel ,redgrave1 in his ,introduction to the ,catalogue1 says1 8,the present ,exhibition is part of the scheme of the ,department of ,science and ,art for the ,art ,instruction of ,women4 ,to promote this object1 the ,department offered prizes in competition for fans painted by the students in the ,female ,schools of ,art in #ahfh1 and again in #ahfi40 ,her ,majesty the ,queen1 the ,baroness ,meyer de ,rothschild1 ,lady ,cornelia ,guest1 and the ,society of ,arts also offered prizes for competition at the ,international ,exhibition of the present year 7#ahga71 which have produced many designs of great merit4 ,the use of the fan has been traced back to very ancient times4 ,they are evidently of ,eastern origin1 and are absolutely necessary in the ,east1 to temper in some degree the fierce heat of the sun4 ,but from tropical regions they found their way at an early date into ,europe1 and were in use at ,rome at least as early as the second century before ,christ1 when they are mentioned by ,terence in one of his comedies4 ,one of the oldest fans preserved to the present day is that of ,theodelinda1 a queen of ,lombardy1 who lived in the latter part of the sixth century4 ,it is preserved at ,monza1 the ancient capital of the kingdom of ,lombardy1 and is made of purple vellum1 embellished with gold and silver4 ,the fan has served a variety of purposes besides its natural use of producing a cool breeze4 ,spanish ladies1 who are accustomed to attend bull-fights1 carry with them fans containing a programme of the entertainment1 and adorned with portraits both of the bulls and the fighters4 ,in ,japan they serve many uses1 from being a rod in the hands of the schoolmaster1 to a receptacle for alms in those of the beggar4 ,the fan has been largely used1 too1 in religious ceremonies4 ,in the middle ages it was customary to wave a fan over the elements of the ,sacrament4 ,fans of this description were attached to long handles1 often elaborately worked in gold and silver4 ,on great occasions1 when the ,pope is carried in state through the streets of ,rome1 he is preceded by large fans made of peacock feathers1 and said to be copies of ancient fans used in the temple of ,jupiter4 ,and in the ,greek ,church1 when a deacon is ordained1 a fan is given to him1 part of his duty being to keep off flies and other insects from the superior priests when celebrating the ,sacrament4 ,the custom is carried out in all parts of ,russia1 though1 as has been observed1 the office must1 in that climate1 be a sinecure1 at least for great part of the year4 ,in the middle ages1 fans were made of feathers1 and their chief ornamentation was in the handles1 which were made of gold1 silver1 or ivory1 and often set with precious stones4 ,the beautiful wife of ,rubens is represented in portraiture as carrying in her hand a single feather4 ,the ,french have long been famous for their fans1 and the manufacture was introduced so early1 that a company of fan-workers was established at ,paris in the sixteenth century4 ,in #afhc1 ,louis ,,xiv4 formed them into a special guild4 ,in his and the two following reigns1 fans were of such universal use that no toilet was considered complete without one4 ,they were made of perfumed leather or paper1 and decorated by ,watteau1 ,boucher1 and other artists1 the handle being often elaborately carved and adorned with jewels4 ,at the present day1 the making of fans is an important branch of industry at ,paris to the extent of #ajj1jjj yearly2 one manufacturer employing1 it is said1 upwards of two thousand hands1 some of his fans being most tastefully decorated by the best artists in ,paris1 the price of a single fan reaching as high a sum as #ajjj4 ,the fan was probably introduced into ,england early in the sixteenth century4 ,stow indeed says that 8masks1 muffs1 fans1 and false hair for women were devised in ,italy1 and brought to ,england from ,france in #aegb1 that being the year of the ,huguenot massacre1 and of the supremacy in ,france of ,catherine de ,medici and her ,italian followers40 ,fans were1 however1 in use at least as early as the reign of ,henry ,,viii41 when they were carried by young gentlemen1 sometimes on horseback4 ,when ladies walked out1 their fans were carried by servants4 ,they consisted of a tuft of feathers set on the end of a handle or stick1 and had much the appearance of powder puffs4 ,the most costly were of ostrich feathers1 and looking-glasses were often placed in the broad part above the handle1 which was elaborately decorated4 ,the fan was received into great favour by ,queen ,elizabeth1 who1 notwithstanding her great ability in managing the affairs of the ,state1 and her haughty and imperious temper1 was singularly susceptible to flattery1 and bestowed great care on her personal adornment4 ,many instances are on record of her courtiers trying to ingratiate themselves with her by the present of a fan4 ,amongst them the great sailor1 ,sir ,francis ,drake1 gave her a fan of white and red feathers1 with a gold handle embellished with pearls and diamonds4 ,her favourite1 the ,earl of ,leicester1 also presented her with a fan4 ,it was made of white feathers with a gold handle set with pearls1 emeralds1 rubies1 and diamonds1 and a device of 8a lion ramping1 with a white bear muzzled at his foot10 in token of his own complete subjection to his royal mistress1 his cognizance being a bear4 ,at ,elizabeth's death1 her wardrobe was found to contain an immense quantity of clothing and finery of all descriptions1 including as many as twenty-seven fans4 ,in her reign a fan was deemed an essential part of a lady's dress1 and the handle was often made of gold1 silver1 or ivory1 of curious and expensive workmanship4 ,in a comedy written about this time occurs the passage1 8,she hath a fan1 with a short silver handle about the length of a barber's syringe20 and a little later1 in #afdi1 ,sir ,william ,davenant says1 in ,love and ,honour1 8,all your plate1 ,vaso1 is the silver handle of your own prisoner's fan40 ,shakspeare1 too1 repeatedly mentions the fan1 as1 for instance1 in the following passage in ,romeo and ,juliet1 the scene of which is in ,italy3-- 8,nurse4--,my fan1 ,peter40 8,mercutio4--,prythee1 do good ,peter1 to hide her face1 for the fan's the fairer of the two40 ,and again1 in the same play1 showing the custom of carrying the fan before ladies3-- 8,nurse4--,peter1 take my fan1 and go before40 ,most writers on costume consider that folding-fans1 similar to those used in modern times1 were introduced into ,england1 probably from ,france1 in the reign of ,james ,i4 ,fan-painting soon became a distinct profession1 but we hear little of the folding-fan during the time of the ,stuarts4 ,the small feather-fan still kept its place as full-dress1 as is shown by a print of the wife of ,sir ,henry ,garway1 who was ,lord ,mayor of ,london in #afdj1 ,she is represented as holding in her hand a fan similar to those used in the reign of ,elizabeth4 ,by the early part of the eighteenth century the fan seems to have become an object of general use1 and to have given considerable employment to painters1 engravers1 and makers4 ,the manufacture1 indeed1 became so important that in #agji the company of fan-makers1 which is still in existence1 was incorporated by letters patent from ,queen ,anne4 ,the fraternity was governed by a master1 two wardens1 and twenty assistants2 but they have never had either a hall or livery4 ,the age of ,queen ,anne produced many distinguished writers1 both in prose and verse2 and1 as we might expect1 the fan did not escape their observation4 ,it is mentioned both by ,addison and ,pope1 but more particularly by ,gay1 who published1 in #agad1 a poem entitled 8,the ,fan10 where he says3-- 8,the fan shall flutter in all female hands1 ,and various fashions learn from various lands4 ,for this shall elephants their ivory shed1 ,and polished sticks the waving engine spread1 ,his clouded mail the tortoise shall resign1 ,and round the rivet pearly circles shine4 ,on this shall ,indians all their art employ1 ,and with bright colours stain the gaudy toy2 ,their paint shall here in wildest fancies flow-- ,their dress1 their customs1 their religion show4 ,so shall the ,british fair their minds improve1 ,and on the fan to distant climates rove40 ,doubtless1 the most reasonable deduction to be arrived at is1 that the fan has its origin in necessity2 and in itself1 trivial as it may appear1 is perhaps of an importance few would conceive4 ,it is not only an ornament to an lgante for the purpose1 it is said1 of flirting and coquetry1 but serves as an instrument to chastise a lap-dog or a puppy4 ,from the ,spectator of ,june #bg1 #agaa1 it appears that it was no easy matter for a lady to learn the necessary tactics and manuvres of the fan1 which1 correctly acquired1 no doubt formed one of the 8accomplishments0 of that age4 ,they are thus described3--8,handle your fan2 unfurl your fan2 discharge your fan2 ground your fan2 recover your fan2 flutter your fan4 ,by the right observation of these few plain words of command1 a woman of a tolerable genius1 that will apply herself diligently to her exercise for the space of but one half-year1 shall be able to give her fan all the graces that can possibly enter into that modish machine40 ,directions are also given for the several evolutions1 but the last1 8,flutter your fan10 was undoubtedly by far the most important4 ,among the many subjects devised for fans about this period is a painted one of ,bartholomew ,fair1 temp4 #agba1 representing a view of ,lee and ,harper's great booth1 ,faux1 the conjuror1 etc4 ,they included also subjects from the ,beggars' ,opera1 and the famous works of ,hogarth were called into request for the same purpose4 ,fans at this time were of such proportions as to give many opportunities to caricaturists and writers to make them the object of their ridicule and wit3-- 8,say1 ,jenny1 why that monstrous fan8 ,what purpose does thy bosom move8 ,is it to save us or trepan8 ,is it to cure or quicken love8 ,if worn in pity's gentle cause1 ,beneath1 unseen1 you mean to lie2 ,i know a thousand eyes it draws1 ,which else1 perhaps1 had wandered by40 ,mrs4 ,abington1 a celebrated actress1 was considered an adept at flirting a fan2 and being possessed of the highest refinement of taste in dress1 her judgment and opinion were often solicited by ladies of rank4 8,pray1 ladies1 copy ,abington2 ,observe the breeding in her air2-- ,there's nothing of the actress there4 ,assume the fashion1 if you can1 ,and catch the graces of her fan40 ,in the ,westminster ,journal of ,february #bcrd1 #agea1 a writer proposed a tax on fan mounts1 which1 he considered1 would produce a revenue of #cj1jjj per annum4 ,in the following year an advertisement appeared in the ,daily ,advertiser from employs in the fan trade1 thanking the ,company of ,fanmakers for their efforts to abolish the importation of fans1 and their endeavours1 by asserting the superiority of home-made fans over those of foreign manufacture1 to gain the patronage of the ladies1 and the consequent relief of the distressed members of the trade1 who1 through the extensive imports of foreign-made fans1 were prevented from obtaining employment4 ,in the year #agec the journeyman fanmakers presented the ,dowager ,princess of ,wales with an elegant fan1 which they represented to be far superior to ,indian fans4 ,in the same year a correspondent of ,sylvanus ,urban published complaints of snuff-taking by both sexes at church2 the ladies also giving grave offence by the use of the fan mounts which he saw displayed by a row of ladies while kneeling at the ,communion ,table4 ,among the subjects were3--8,meeting of ,isaac and ,rebekah10 8,joseph and ,potiphar's ,wife10 8,darby and ,joan10 8,vauxhall ,gardens10 8,the ,judgment of ,paris10 8,harlequin1 ,pierrot1 and ,columbine10 8,the ,prodigal ,son10 scenes from the 8,rake's ,progress10 etc4 ,during the latter part of the last and the beginning of the present century1 fans seem to have ceased to be a necessary accompaniment to a lady's toilet1 although they are still to be seen at balls and theatres1 and of some utility1 perhaps1 judging from a print in which a lady and gentleman are represented sitting by each other1 the gentleman 8fluttering the fan10-- 8,the suit obtained1 they tread the mazy round2 ,at length fatigued1 a seat's convenient found4 ,harry1 assiduous1 plies the glittering fan1 ,and proves himself a very nice young man40 ,,the ,,trials ,,of ,a ,,portrait ,,painter4 ,who can conceive the troubles attendant upon the daily labour of a face painter8 ,hoppner once remarked to a young painter1 8,i'll tell you what1 sir3 when you have to paint a portrait1 particularly of a woman1 make it handsome enough1--your sitter or her friends will find the likeness4 ,never you forget that40 ,an ,italian painter1 on taking the portrait of a lady1 perceived that when he was working at her mouth she was twisting her features in order to render it smaller1 and put her lips into the most extreme contraction4 8,do not trouble yourself so much1 madam10 exclaimed the limner2 8for1 if you choose1 ,i will draw you without any mouth at all40 ,it is needless to repeat here all the tales that have been told of the difficulties of a face painter4 ,the following anecdotes will show to what extent of vanity and folly those people are subject who1 though wishing to hand down to posterity their own portrait or that of some member of their family1 are entirely ignorant of the simplest rules of ,art2 and1 consequently1 give considerable trouble and anxiety to the artist4 ,for instance1 how often in our exhibitions do we find a portrait painted of a citizen in the dress of a military man1 or a naval officer in the costume of a ,roman general in a toga1 with bare arms6 ,most must be drawn in the manner of ancient ,greece or ,rome1 instead of their proper habits2 the sitter having his head so full of antiquity that everything must be according to the ancient taste4 8,the grandest commission10 remarks an artist1 8that ever blessed my hopes was a series of family portraits1--father1 mother1 a daughter just simpering into womanhood1 and three as noisy1 ugly1 wiry-looking lads as any one would wish to hear1 and be anxious not to see4 ,all were progressing with great satisfaction to the affectionate family until1 in an unlucky moment1 ,i strengthened the shadow under the nose of ,mr4 ,jones4 ,in a moment all was uproar1 one and all declaring that #8,father never takes snuff1 because mother thinks it a nasty1 filthy habit4' ,out1 therefore1 came the shadow1 and of course in1 therefore1 went the nose4 ,the only objection made to ,mrs4 ,jones's #8likeness' was1 that it did #8not look at you2' but how the deuce it ever should ,i could never find out1 for the original was wholly incapable of bringing both eyes to bear upon any given object at one and the same time4 ,the portraits of the juvenile male ,joneses were1 as their mother fondly expressed herself1 #8the very mottle of them2' #8but1 sir1' said she1 #8there is one thing ,i wish you to alter1 ,i don't like the eyes at all4 ,i have been married to ,jones these twenty years1 and1 as you see1 have been a fruitful wife to him2 ,i have1 besides these1 two babbies at home1 and ,i do assure you1 sir1 and ,jones knows it1 ,i never had a child born in all our marriage days that had a speck in its eye4 ,please1 sir1 to oblige me by putting them out4' ,with a groan ,i submitted1 and painting out the lights ,i had1 as ,i thought1 properly introduced into the eyes1 sent home the portraits of the young ,joneses1 every one as blind as a bat4 ,i should not forget1 that when ,i requested to know whether ,miss ,adeliza would be painted in a high or a low dress1 her mother confidentially whispered to me that it was to be a low one1 but ,i must mind and let the portrait be #8partic'lar modest about the neck1' as it was for a gentleman40 ,another story which he relates is of a rough1 honest-hearted naval captain4 8,all that ,i did vastly pleased him1 until1 when nearly finishing the picture1 ,i had begun to throw an incidental shadow across the lower part of the figure4 ,the gallant gentleman saw in a glass that stood opposite what ,i was about to do1 and rushing from his seat1 seized my hand1 crying out1 #8,avast there1 young gentleman1 what are you about8 ,who the devil ever saw an officer on the quarter-deck with his breeches in that mess8 ,no1 no1 that won't do4' ,i submitted to my fate1 and sent home the portrait with a pair of unpronounceables of unexceptionable whiteness40 ,illustration ,,seddon',s ,,picture ,,of 8,,jerusalem40 ,on the #bcrd ,november1 #ahef1 the gifted young artist1 ,thomas ,seddon1 died at ,cairo on his way to the ,holy ,land4 ,he was buried with all due solemnity in the same small cemetery whither he had1 two years before1 followed the remains of ,mr4 ,nicholson 7a traveller whom he accidentally met on his first journey to the ,east71 and which he has touchingly described in a letter written at that time4 ,a marble slab1 surmounted by a simple1 plain cross1 with the following inscription at its foot1 8,to me to live is ,christ1 and to die is gain10 marks the spot where his remains rest4 ,on the slab itself is engraved1 8,,thomas ,,seddon1 ,artist1 ,who died at ,cairo1 the #bcrd of ,november1 #ahef40 ,to which is added a verse from one of his favourite hymns1 8,thou art gone to the grave1 but we will not deplore thee1 ,whose ,god was thy ,ransom1 thy ,guardian1 thy ,guide2 ,he gave thee1 ,he took thee1 and ,he will restore thee1-- ,and death had no sting1 for the ,saviour hath died40 ,a short time after the melancholy news of his death had arrived in ,england1 some of his artist friends met together at the house of ,ford ,maddox ,brown1 ,esq41 for the purpose of considering what steps they could take to testify their respect for his memory1 and their admiration of his works1 which they felt deserved some public notice4 ,they afterwards invited the co-operation of other gentlemen who had been acquainted with him and appreciated his efforts1 and convened a meeting at the house of ,w4 ,holman ,hunt1 ,esq41 which was numerously attended4 ,professor ,donaldson1 ,john ,ruskin1 ,esq41 and others addressed those present1 ,mr4 ,ruskin1 remarking1 8that the position which ,mr4 ,seddon occupied as an artist appears to deserve some public recognition quite other than could be generally granted to genius1 however great1 which had been occupied only in previously beaten paths4 ,mr4 ,seddon's works are the first which represent a truly historic landscape art2 that is to say1 they are the first landscapes uniting perfect artistical skill with topographical accuracy2 being directed1 with stern self-restraint1 to no other purpose than that of giving to persons who cannot travel1 trustworthy knowledge of the scenes which ought to be most interesting to them4 ,whatever degrees of truth may have been attained or attempted by previous artists have been more or less subordinate to pictorial or dramatic effect40 ,at this meeting a committee was formed1 and ,mr4 ,w4 ,m4 ,rossetti appointed honorary secretary1 8for the purpose of raising a subscription for the purchase of the oil picture of #8,jerusalem1' painted by the late ,mr4 ,thomas ,seddon1 from his widow1 for the sum of four hundred guineas1 and to offer it to the ,national ,gallery40 ,the efforts of the committee were most successful4 ,the ,society of ,arts kindly lent their spacious rooms for the exhibition of his works1 which were collected for the purpose1 and visited by a large number of persons4 ,mr4 ,ruskin again came forward1 and delivered a most able address on the subject at a conversazione held for the purpose2 and the result of these generous efforts was that a sum of nearly #fjj was raised by public subscription4 ,with this the committee purchased his picture of 8,jerusalem10 as they had proposed1 and offered it to the ,trustees of the ,national ,gallery1 by whom it was accepted2 and it is now at the ,south ,kensington ,museum4 ,the balance of the subscription1 after paying the contingent expenses1 was presented to ,mrs4 ,thomas ,seddon1 as a testimony of the recognition by the public of the merits of her husband4--,memoir and ,letters of ,thomas ,seddon1 by his ,brother4 ,we cannot conclude this interesting account of the late ,thomas ,seddon1 without introducing the following eloquent appeal made at the meeting of the ,society of ,arts already referred to1 by that powerful writer on ,art1 ,john ,ruskin3-- 8,whether they would further the noble cause of truth in ,art1 while they gave honour to a good and a great man1 and consolation to those who loved him2 or whether they would add one more to the victories of oblivion1 and suffer this picture1 wrought in the stormy desert of ,aceldama1 which was the last of his labours1 to be also the type of their reward3 whether they would suffer the thorn and the thistle to choke the seed that he had sown1 and the sand of the desert to sweep over his forgotten grave40 ,illustration ,a ,,great ,,picture ,,and ,,its ,,vicissitudes4 ,one of the noblest paintings of the modern school is ,lawrence's 8,hamlet ,apostrophizing the ,skull10 in the churchyard scene1 as represented by the famous tragedian1 ,john ,kemble4 ,it is a full-length1 life-size1 and was painted in #ahja4 ,cunningham justly describes it as a work of the highest order1--sad1 thoughtful1 melancholy2 with looks conversing with death and the grave2 a perfect image of the great dramatist4 ,about the year #ahab1 this celebrated picture was exhibited1 and for sale1 at the ,european ,museum1 ,king ,street1 ,st4 ,james's1 ,london4 ,mr4 ,robert ,ashby1 the engraver1 of ,lombard ,street1 on visiting the gallery was surprised to see so fine a specimen of modern art so situated1 and inquired of the keeper as to the circumstance which led to its degradation1 from whom he learnt that ,mr4 ,maddocks1 ,m4,p41 had previously purchased it with the intention of placing it as an altar-piece in a church which he had recently erected in a village called ,tre ,madoc1 in ,wales2 but the bishop of the diocese having expressed his disapproval of its being placed in the church1 the purpose of ,mr4 ,maddocks was defeated1 and he sent the picture for sale as above4 ,the price demanded was two hundred guineas1 which ,mr4 ,ashby agreed to give3 at the same time observing that if any other purchaser offered during the time of the gallery remaining open1 he would relinquish his right2 his motive being solely to prevent the picture being returned unsold4 ,the result was that ,mr4 ,ashby became the purchaser at the price stated1 and retained it in his possession for a time2 when the artist1 ,mr4 ,lawrence 7afterwards ,sir ,thomas7 wrote to him 7,mr4 ,a471 inquiring whether he would part with the picture1 he 7,mr4 ,l47 being desirous of obtaining it for the then ,marquis of ,abercorn1 who had designed to place it in the saloon at his seat at ,stanmore4 ,mr4 ,ashby immediately consented to the re-sale1 at the same sum which he had paid1 much gratified at the prospect of its being so suitably placed4 ,here another interruption occurred2 the ,marquis of ,abercorn died1 and with him the project of removing the 8,hamlet0 to ,stanmore4 ,from this time it remained in the possession of ,mr4 ,lawrence1 until he obtained the patronage of ,george ,,iv41 who displayed his liberality and fine taste by purchasing it for one thousand guineas4 ,william ,,iv41 in #ahcf1 presented the painting to the ,national ,gallery1 whence it has since been transferred to a distinguished place in the ,south ,kensington ,museum4 ,illustration ,,the ,,frescoes ,,in ,,the ,,houses ,,of ,,parliament4 8,mr4 ,herbert is1 we think1 the first painter who has divested the sacred legislator of adventitious solemnity and conventional marks of power1 and substituted for them the worn countenance and wasted frame of a chief who leads an army through the desert1 and confers upon them laws destined to maintain a moral dominion over all the generations of mankind4 8,one reason why ,mr4 ,herbert's picture is so worthy of its fame1 is1 that the painter never grudged labour or loss upon it4 ,in #ahej he was commissioned to paint nine frescoes in the ,peers' ,robing ,room at the price of #ijjj4 ,for several years before he had been earning nearly #bjjj a year1 yet he was willing to give up nine years to work for about half the sum4 ,when he found that the fresco process was imperfect1 he unhesitatingly obliterated his work1 and began it anew in the water-glass method4 ,he was to have received #bjjj for the #8,moses1' but the commission appointed in #ahfd recommended that the price should be raised to #ejjj4 ,the same sum is to be paid to ,mr4 ,maclise for the #8,death of ,nelson1' and1 of course1 for the #8,meeting at ,la ,belle ,alliance4' ,it is plain that when the thought of decorating the ,houses of ,parliament with frescoes was first entertained1 no great expense was anticipated4 ,mr4 ,dyce said he understood that in ,munich ,professor ,schnorr was paid at the rate of #ejj a year1 which would be equal to #gjj in this country1 and had to pay his assistants4 ,for this sum ,mr4 ,dyce thought the services of the chief ,english artists might be commanded1 #8those at least who are engaged in subjects of fancy4 ,the services of those who paint portraits would not be obtained at that sum2 but ,i believe it is taking a high average to state the income of the more respectable artists of this country at #ejj a year4' ,accordingly1 the first frescoes in the ,house of ,lords were ordered at the rate of #djj for the cartoon1 and #djj for the fresco4 ,mr4 ,dyce was to paint the #8,legend of ,king ,arthur' in the ,queen's ,robing ,room1 and to receive #hjj a year for six years4 ,the eight compartments in the ,peers' and ,commons' corridors were to have been painted in oil1 and #ejj was to have been paid for the first picture1 and #dej for each of the remainder4 ,but when frescoes were substituted1 the remuneration for each was raised to #fjj4 8,the prices paid are not extravagant1 though of course somewhat higher than those paid in ,germany4 ,it is well known that ,king ,louis always bought in the cheapest market4 ,count ,raczynski states that ,hess received #cgjj for his frescoes in the chapel of ,all ,saints1 and #ejjj for those in the basilica of ,st4 ,boniface4 ,for the ,nibelungen halls in the ,palace1 ,schnorr1 according to the same authority1 was paid #bfjj2 for his frescoes from ,walther von de ,vogelweide in the ,queen's first ,ante-chamber1 ,gassen received #cfj2 ,folz for the ,burger ,room1 #dfj2 ,kaulbach for the ,throne ,room1 #cjj1 and for the ,sleeping ,chamber1 #fff2 ,hess for the ,theocritus ,room1 #fjj2 and ,moriz von ,schwind for the ,tieck ,room1 #bdj4 ,contrast with these figures the price paid to ,kaulbach for his paintings in the ,new ,museum at ,berlin--#cg1ejj1 with an allowance of #c1gej for materials40--,edinburgh ,review1 ,january1 #ahff4 ,illustration ,,the ,,riding ,,master ,,and ,,the ,,elgin ,,marbles4 ,shortly after the ,elgin ,marbles were thrown open to the public indiscriminately1 a gentlemanly-looking person was observed to stand in the middle of the gallery on one spot for upwards of an hour1 changing his attitude only by turning himself round4 ,at last he left the room1 but in the course of two hours he again took his former station1 attended by about a dozen young gentlemen2 and there to them he made nearly the following observations3--8,see1 gentlemen1 look at the riders all round the room10 alluding to the ,friezes2 8see how they sit2 see with what ease and elegance they ride6 ,i never saw such men in my life2 they have no saddles1 no stirrups2 they must have leaped upon their horses in grand style4 ,you will do well to study the position of these noble fellows2 stay here this morning instead of riding with me1 and ,i am sure you will seat yourselves better to-morrow40 ,i need hardly tell the reader that this person was a riding-master1 and that after he had been so astonished at the sculptor's riders1 he brought all his pupils to whom he was that morning to have given lessons at his riding-school4--,smith's 8,nollekens and his ,times40 ,illustration ,a ,,hallowed ,,spot4 ,i had intended to prolong my route to the western corner of the ,green 7,kew71 but in passing ,st4 ,anne's ,chapel1 ,i found the pew-openers engaged in wiping the pews and washing the aisles4 ,i knew that child of genius1 ,gainsborough1 the painter1 lay interred here1 and1 desirous of paying my homage to his grave1 ,i inquired for the spot4 ,as is usual in regard to this class of people1 they could give me no information2 yet one of them fancied she had heard such a name before4 ,i was therefore obliged to wait while the sexton or clerk was fetched1 and in the interim ,i walked into the chapel4 ,i was in truth well repaid for the time it cost me2 for ,i never saw anything prettier1 except ,lord le ,despencer's exquisite structure at ,west ,wycombe4 ,as the royal family usually attend here when they reside at ,kew1 it is superbly fitted up1 and the architecture is in the best taste4 ,several marble monuments of singular beauty adorn the walls1 but the record of a man of genius absorbed every attraction of ordinary rank and title4 ,it was a marble slab to the memory of ,meyer1 the painter1 with lines by the poet ,hayley4 ,,jeremiah ,,meyer1 ,r4,a41 ,painter in ,miniature and ,enamel to ,his ,majesty ,george ,,iii41 ,died ,january #aith1 #aghi4 ,meyer6 in thy works the world will ever see ,how great the loss of ,art in losing thee2 ,but ,love and ,sorrow find the words too weak1 ,nature's keen sufferings on thy death to speak2 ,through all her duties1 what a heart was thine4 ,in thy cold dust what spirit used to shine2 ,fancy1 and truth1 and gaiety1 and zeal1 ,what most we love in life1 and1 losing1 feel1 ,age after age may not one artist yield ,equal to thee1 in ,painting's ample field3 ,and ne'er shall sorrowing ,earth to ,heaven commend ,a fonder parent1 or a firmer friend4 ,,william ,,hayley1 #aghi4 ,from hence ,i strolled into the vestry1 when the clerk or sexton's assistant made his appearance2 and on the south side of the churchyard he brought me to the tomb of ,gainsborough4 8,ah1 friend60 said ,i1 8this is a hallowed spot1--here lies one of ,britain's favoured sons1 whose genius has assisted in exalting her among the nations of the earth40 8,perhaps it was so10 said the man2 8but we know nothing about the people buried1 except to keep up their monuments1 if the family pay2 and1 perhaps1 sir1 you belong to this family2 if so1 ,i'll tell you how much is due40 8,yes1 truly1 friend10 said ,i1 8,i am one of the great family bound to preserve the monument of ,gainsborough2 but if you take me for one of his relatives1 you are mistaken10 8,perhaps1 sir1 you may be of the family1 but were not included in the will1 therefore are not obligated40 ,i could not now avoid looking with scorn at the fellow2 but1 as the spot claimed better feelings1 ,i gave him a trifle for his trouble1 and mildly told him ,i would not detain him4 ,the monument being a plain one1 and making no palpable appeal to vulgar admiration1 was disregarded by these people4 ,it did not fall in the way1 of the untaught1 on this otherwise polite spot1 to know that they have among them the remains of the first painter of our national school in fancy-pictures1 and one of the first in the classes of landscape and portraits2 a man who recommended himself as much by his superiority1 as by his genius2 as much by the mode in which his genius was developed1 as by the perfection of his works2 and as much by his amiable private character1 as by his eminence in the chief of ,fancy's ,arts4 ,the following are the words engraven on the stone3-- ,,thomas ,,gainsborough1 ,,esq41 died ,aug4 #b1 #aghh4 ,also the body of ,,gainsborough ,,dupont1 ,,esq41 who died ,jan4 #bj1 #agig1 aged #db years4 ,also1 ,,mrs4 ,,margaret ,,gainsborough1 wife of the above ,,thomas ,,gainsborough1 ,esq41 who died ,dec4 #ag1 #agih1 in the #gbnd year of her age4 ,a little to the eastward lie the remains of another illustrious son of ,art1 the modest ,zoffany1 whose ,florence ,gallery1 portraits of the ,royal ,family1 and other pictures1 will always raise him among the highest class of painters4 ,he long resided on this ,green1 and like ,michael ,angelo1 ,titian1 and our own ,west1 produced masterpieces at four-score4 ,the words on the monument are-- ,sacred to the ,memory of ,,john ,,zoffany1 ,r4,a41 who died ,nov4 #aa1 #ahaj1 aged #hg years4 ,abridged from ,sir ,r4 ,phillips's 8,london to ,kew40 ,illustration ,,field ,,tuer1 #ej1 ,,leadenhall ,,street1 ,,london1 ,e4,c4 ,transcriber's ,notes3 ,italics are shown thus3 sloping4 ,bold type like so3 strong4 ,variations in spelling and hyphenation are retained4 ,perceived typographical errors have been changed4