,,empty ,,*ur*es ,by ! ,same ,au?or ,,rural ,,life ,,rural ,,social ,,problems ,,empty ,,*ur*es ,,! ,,rural-,,urban ,,dilemma ,,by ,,*>les ,,josiah ,,galp9 ,,9 ,,*>ge ,,( ,,! ,,division ,,( ,,f>m ,,population ,,& ,,rural ,,life1 ,,bureau ,,( ,,agricultural ,,economics1 ,,unit$ ,,/ates ,,dep>tm5t ,,( ,,agriculture4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,c5tury ,,co4 ,new ,york ,london ,,copyright1 #aibe1 ,,by ,,! ,,c5tury ,,co4 ,,pr9t$ ,,9 ,u4 ,s4 ,a4 ,9 ,memory ( ,,my ,,fa!r ,,& ,,"m ,:o ,sp5t ,_! ,lives ,9 ,lov+ ,m9i/ration 9 ,c\ntry ,p>i%es ,,preface ,?is little book invites y to read x at a s+le sitt+4 ,if read lat]1 a section at a "t1 9 ! light ( ! :ole /ory1 x w give y a bett] acc\nt ( itself4 ,x is1 ,i frankly ackn[l$ge1 writt5 out ( emotion4 ,x does n !re=e1 ,i fe>1 conta9 all ! words x implies--half ! "t fall+ into symbols & incid5ts to =ce a mean+2 half ! "t tak+ = grant$ t y d n c>e to op5 or close e side gate along ! way4 ,! view ( a layman1 z ?is easily betrays itself to be1 may prove some?+ ( a %ock to ! rank & file ( ! cl]gy2 b x w s]ve1 at lea/1 to %[ t a section ( laym5 take religion m s]i\sly aft] all ?an !y d economics1 :i* =ms _! daily adv5ture4 ,deep 9 our he>ts1 _m ( u "k t bus9ess is ! great mascul9e sport ( ! age2 & 9 comp>ison1 ! rle ( ! prie/ & pa/or & ! function ( ! *ur* lie 9 ! f> diff]5t realm ( ! h]oic4 ,if ,i seem 9 ?is essay to expect too mu* ( ! *ur* & too mu* ( ! prea*]1 my only apology is my inability to read into ! ,f\r ,gospels1 t /& on my desk along ) ! o!r tools ( life & "w1 a philosophy ( ease or ( complac5t laissez faire4 ,al?\gh a confirm$ lov] ( ! c\ntry1 ! f>m1 ! f>m] & 8 *ildr51 ,i am none ! less a firm believ] 9 ! city--its necessity1 function1 & de/9y4 ,rural social welf>e1 z ,i see x1 is ( utmo/ conc]n to ! ,am]ican city4 ,?is is :y empty *ur*es along ! c\ntryside br+ trag$y to city & c\ntry alike4 ,?is is :y ecclesia/ical /atesm5 %\ld g to ! c\ntry & see ) _! own eyes ! havoc wr\ght ^u ! f>m]'s family by competitive religion among ,prote/ants4 ,& ?is is all ! little book sets out to d--to take ev]ybody to ! rural communities ) wide-op5 eyes1 to see ! empty *ur*es1 ! *ildr5 )\t ,god1 ! f>m t5ants )\t religion1 ! p>sons on ! run = ! city1 & ! beg9n+s ( a new type ( rural *ur*4 ,i wi% gratefully to ackn[l$ge my indebt$ness 9 ?is essay to ! /aff ( ! ,in/itute ( ,social & ,religi\s ,rese>*1 ,new ,york ,city1 ^u ^: au?oritative /atem5ts ,i h mu* reli$4 ,to ! ,curtis ,publi%+ ,company1 ,philadelphia1 ,i desire to express appreciation = _! k9dness 9 all[+ me to reproduce "h mat]ials :i* h appe>$ 9 8,! ,c\ntry ,g5tleman0 dur+ ! pa/ ye>4 ,c4 ,j4 ,,galp94 ,m>*1 #aibe4 ,,empty ,,*ur*es ,,empty ,,*ur*es ,,*apt] ,i ,rec5tly1 9 a cross-roads c\ntry *ur*1 a m9i/] ( ! ,gospel1 und]paid1 some:at %abby1 b eag] & inspir$1 a man ) a message to give1 /ood be=e 8 congregation to pres5t t message4 ,! flame ( inspiration 9 8 hagg>d "y face flick]$ & di$ z he look$ d[n at ! scanty congregation assembl$ be=e him to he> ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,at a glance he c\nt$ 8 h&ful ( he>]s4 ,six4 ,?r\gh a w9d[ on "o side ( ! little *ur*1 he c\ld see two o!r meet+-h\ses ne/l+ 9 ! curve ( ! road4 ,?r\gh a w9d[ on ! o!r side1 he look$ out at a ?ird--f\r c\ntry *ur*es ( f\r ,*ri/ian d5om9ations1 almo/ id5tical 9 doctr9e1 !re )9 two /one's-?r[s ( "o ano!r4 ,9 ?ree ( ^! *ur*es1 includ+ 8 own1 he knew t ! memb]s ( ! congregation might be c\nt$ ^u ! f+]s ( ea* pa/or's two h&s4 ,! ?ird *ur* 0 clos$ t day2 its flock c\ld af=d only an occasional %eph]d4 ,9 all f\r ( ^? *ur*es put toge!r1 n "o fair-siz$ congregation4 ,9 all f\r1 n "o pa/or paid a sal>y l>ge en\gh to enable him to live on 8 income z a m9i/]4 ,9 all f\r1 m5 & wom5 tax$ by religion beyond _! ability to pay1 yet unable to support _! *ur* )\t outside aid4 ,jeal\s ,d5om9ations ,! "y m9i/] ?\ght ) pa9 ( o!r sections ( ! c\ntry ?r\gh :i* he _h travel$ all day )\t see+ "o *ur* ( any d5om9ation4 ,he knew t an appall+ p]c5tage ( f>m communities ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 entirely )\t *ur*es1 t ?\s&s ( *ildr51 hundr$s ( _! eld]s1 _h nev] li/5$ to ! prea*+ ( ! ,gospel4 ,yet "h !re 7 f\r *ur*es at ! c\ntry cross-roads6 ,t aft]noon t "y pa/or wrote me a lett]1 wrote x 9 pa9 & bitt]ness1 b also 9 hope1 9 e>ne/ desire to get ! facts be=e ! nation3 ,i saw 9 ! pap] ! o!r day "s m5tion ( ! *ief rural problems ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,may ,i call y\r att5tion to :at m9i/]s 9 e c\ntry di/rict reg>d z ! /iffe/ problem kn[n to !m & to _! p8 ,i ref] to ! problem ( ! competitive religion1 :i* affects n only pa/ors1 b ! entire rural population1 f9ancially & spiritually1 z well4 ,! spiritual rivalry set 9 motion by well-mean+ home-mission bo>ds & zeal\s & jeal\s d5om9ations is und]m9+ ! pres5t & ! future welf>e ( ! c\ntry *ur* by ignor+ ! law ( supply & dem&4 ,if y c sugge/ any solution = ?is great problem1 we %all all be grateful4 ,! case 0 9 no way ov]/at$ by ?is "y man4 ,x is q true t !re are few1 if any1 great] rural problems to-day ?an ! problem ( ! c\ntry *ur*4 ,x is und5iable t any hone/ /ud5t ( conditions 9 rural *ur*es is confront$ by /agg]+ & depress+ /ati/ics ( ov]*ur*+ & und]att5dance 9 "s sections1 & ( entire lack ( att5dance due to no *ur*+ at all 9 o!rs4 ,any map t %[$ ! pres5t rural *ur* di/ribution ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld be al>m+ly rem9isc5t ( a map ( a c\ntry ) l>ge areas ( /]ile fam9e-l&4 ,n9e p]sons out ( e hundr$ 9 rural ,am]ica c n get to *ur* because !re is no *ur* = !m to att5d4 ,?is means t "o sev5? ( all ! rural communities ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates are entirely )\t ,prote/ant *ur*es4 ,pa!tic reports ( ! spiritual hung] ( ^! l& dwell]s1 liv+ 9 a ,*ri/ian nation yet entirely %ut (f f ,*ri/ian organization ( e k9d1 come f ^! communities4 8,no ,prote/ant s]mon has ev] be5 prea*$ 9 ?is locality10 is "o ,s ,o ,s s5t out f a neighborhood ( two hundr$ p]sons4 8,n a *ild 9 ?is di/rict has ev] att5d$ ,sunday-s*ool10 deprecates ano!r community ( approximately ! same size4 8,?is back-to-!-l& movem5t is f9e1 b :y %\ld loyal l& dwell]s h to condemn _! *ildr5 to hea!nry80 dem&s a di/ract$ "m1 9 a remote section ( a ,we/]n ,/ate4 8,my *ildr5 are gr[+ up to be little savages1 z f> z religion is conc]n$4 ,!y h nev] be5 inside a *ur* 9 _! lives1 & !y don't "k :at ,sunday-s*ool means40 ,only "o fif? ( ! rural population goes to *ur*4 ,two fif?s ( ! rural *ur*es ( ! c\ntry are /&+ /ill or los+ gr\nd4 ,a qu>t] ( all rural *ur*es h no ,sunday-s*ool4 ,"o fif? ( all rural *ur*es are kept alive by home-mission aid4 ,( ^! subsidiz$ *ur*es1 a l>ge numb] are 9 active competition ) *ur*es ( v simil> doctr9es4 ,sev5 out ( e t5 rural *ur*es h only a fraction ( a pa/or apiece4 ,"o ?ird ( all rural pa/ors receive s l[ a sal>y t !y c live only by work+ at "s o!r occupation4 ,"o half ( ! rural *ur*es ( ! c\ntry make an annual ga9 9 memb]%ip ( z mu* z #aj p] c5t4 ,9 /rik+ contra/ to ?is *ur*less sev5? ( ! c\ntry1 are ! o!r six sev5?s ( rural ,am]ica1 _m ( !m s ov]*ur*$ t !y are cry+ out = relief f ! burd5s ! *ur*es are lay+ ^u !m4 ,!re are t5 times z _m *ur*es = e ?\s& p]sons 9 "s ( ! rural di/ricts ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates z !re are 9 ,new ,york ,city4 ,yet ! p]c5tage ( att5dance = e ?\s& p]sons is slightly l[] 9 ^! rural sections ?an x is ev5 9 ,new ,york4 ,obvi\sly1 su* a %[+ indicates a />tl+ lack ( sy/em 9 ! di/ribution ( rural *ur*es1 a woeful wa/e ( ! religi\s pot5tialities ( ! c\ntry4 ,rec5tly1 a ?or\gh survey ( ! rural *ur* problem ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates 0 made = ! fir/ "t 9 ! hi/ory ( ! c\ntry1 "u ! direction ( ,h4 ,n4 ,morse & ,edmund de ,s4 ,brunn]1 ( ! ,in/itute ( ,social & ,religi\s ,rese>*1 ( ,new ,york4 ,"s ( ! /ati/ics obta9$ by !m are pres5t$ 9 ! =ego+ p>agraphs4 ,^! facts1 ( c\rse1 (f] a sev]e %ock to ^? :o h ! little :ite *ur* ( ! c\ntryside en%r9$ 9 memory along ) ! little r$ s*ool-h\se4 ,we h fall5 into ! rut ( tak+ x = grant$ t our c\ntry *ur*es n only keep pace ) ! be/ religi\s life ( ! nation1 b ev5 /ay a /ep or two 9 advance1 if n 9 !ology1 at lea/ 9 int]e/ 9 godly ?+s & 9 piety4 ,we h come to ?9k ( c\ntry folk z ! true *ur*-go]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,to ?is s5tim5tal po9t ( view ! facts /at$ (f] a true affront4 ,few] ,*ur*-go]s ,!re are to-day approximately #aja1jjj rural *ur*es 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,a long "t ago1 :5 !re 7 only a hundr$ su* *ur*es1 virtually ! entire c\ntry population att5d$ !m4 ,"s "t lat]1 :5 !re 7 a ?\s& *ur*es ( ! k9d1 ! av]age ( att5dance 0 /ill exce$+ly high4 ,b ( rec5t ye>s ! p]c5tage ( rural *ur*-go]s has almo/ seem$ to be 9 an inv]se ratio to ! increase 9 *ur*es4 ,"o out ( e five is n a %[+ t w\ld h br\ght joy to ! ,puritan ,fa!rs4 ,:at is ! reason = ?is prec>i\s situation 9 ! rural *ur*es ( our nation8 ,does x indicate t our c\ntry population is made up ( a less ,god-fe>+ folk ?an 9 =m] ye>s8 ,does x demon/rate t religion is less ne> to ! he>ts ( ! f>m work]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ?an is true ( its city dwell]s8 ,or are ^! conditions ! logical outgr[? ( a faulty sy/em1 ! inevitable result ( a *ur* di/ribution spiritually & economically uns\nd8 ,m ?an "o ?+ mu/ be tak5 into consid]ation 9 any fair-m9d$ attempt to answ] ^! que/ions4 ,= in/ance1 !re is ! fact t dur+ ! pa/ few ye>s ! numb] ( t5ant-f>m]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates has /eadily increas$1 until n[ ?irty-eight p] c5t4 ( ! f>ms are t5ant op]at$1 mo/ (t5 on ! basis ( ! "o-ye> lease4 ,any fact t t5ds to make ! f>m] m or less a transi5t 9 ! community naturally det]s him f =m+ social or religi\s relation%ips4 ,ano!r reason frequ5tly giv5 = ! l[ av]age ( rural *ur* att5dance is t s high a p]c5tage--ne>ly #cj p] c5t4--( ! nation's l& work]s are new ,am]icans1 ! =eign-born1 or ! *ildr5 ( ! =eign-born4 ,!re are ,/ates1 su* z ,nor? ,dakota1 :]e ne>ly e o!r f>m] belongs to o!r ?an ,am]ican nativity1 & :ole sections ( ! c\ntry1 z 9 ! ,middle ,we/1 :]e =eign]s are 9 excess ( two-fif?s ( ! population4 ,x is e/imat$ t at ! pres5t "t m ?an fifty p] c5t4 ( ^! p are unm9i/]$ to by any *ur*1 ,ca?olic or ,prote/ant4 ,:]e any?+ l an e>ne/ & compreh5sive attempt has be5 made by *ur*es to be ( aid to !m1 z among ! ,mexicans ( ,cali=nia1 x has be5 m>k$ by a/oni%+ results4 ,!n :y h ! *ur*es done practically no?+ = ! =eign-born 9 rural sections8 ,if ! new ,am]ican c make good on ! l&1 is x too mu* to ask ! *ur* to make good ) ! new ,am]ican8 ,:5 ,i he> x said t no "o is really int]e/$ 9 religion any m1 ,i _c help ?9k+ ( an eld]ly ,yankee f>m] 9 ! ,/ate ( ,v]mont1 "o ,j4 ,c4 ,coolidge1 fa!r ( our ,presid5t1 a man :o talks little ab\t religion1 b :o = ye>s has giv5 virtually all 8 leisure "t1 & a consid]able slice ( "t n leisure at all1 to keep+ alive ! little :ite *ur* ne> 8 f>m at ,plym\? ,not*4 ,he hauls ! wood f 8 own l& t ! congregation ( t little *ur* may li/5 9 com=t to ! ,^w ( ,god2 he ev51 ,i am told1 does ! janitor "w himself1 s9ce ! *ur* has no funds = a janitor4 ,!re is no?+ especially rem>kable 9 ?is4 ,!re are ?\s&s ( su* m5 all ov] our c\ntry1 m5 to :om ! *ur* is a ?+ to make sacrifices =1 to keep alive at :atev] co/4 ,b 9 _m di/ricts x really seems t ! few] *ur*es a c\nty is able to af=d1 ! m x is apt to h4 ,out ( ! #baa *ur*es f9ancially aid$ by home-missions societies 9 sev]al c\nties :]e int5sive /udies 7 made by ! ,in/itute ( ,social & ,religi\s ,rese>*1 ,i am told t x 0 f\nd t #adi ( ^! *ur*es c\ld h be5 disp5s$ ) )\t ess5tial loss to anyone4 ,all b ?irty-f\r 7 competitive4 ,untra9$ ,c\ntry ,prea*]s ,ano!r grave *>ge is made aga9/ ! *ur* to-day 9 our c\ntry di/ricts4 ,f>m]s feel t !y are neglect$ by ! m9i/]s ( _! *ur*es4 ,x is also *>g$ t _m rural pa/ors lack bo? adequate tra9+ & ability = _! high call+4 ,! real m>vel is t s _m ( ^! m5 are ( ! high type !y are4 ,x has to be admitt$ t !re is gr\nd = ! *>ge ( incompet5cy among "s ( ! rural pa/ors ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,^! m51 x is true1 are mo/ inadequately prep>$ = _! "w4 ,h[ are !y to af=d m tra9+ = a call+ :i* w nev] pay !m any returns ^u x8 ,t ^! m5 c develop into able prea*]s has be5 demon/rat$ by ^? :o h _h ! opportunity to complete _! c\rses 9 ! summ] s*ool = m9i/]s1 inaugurat$1 ,i believe1 by ! ,presbyt]ian ,bo>d & n[ conduct$ by sev]al d5om9ations4 ,b mo/ ( !m d n h ?is *ance4 ,x is competitive religion t is l>gely responsible = ^! two dang]\s factors 9 rural religi\s life--! non-resid5t pa/or1 too occupi$ to be a true spiritual %eph]d2 & ! incompet5t pa/or1 too incapable to be a lead] ( 8 p4 ,b ,*ri/ianity w n vani% f our c\ntry di/ricts4 ,n[h]e is !re bett] soil = ! se$s ( true religion ?an 9 ! /urdy s\l ( rural ,am]ica4 ,x is n s mu* isms or ologies t ! rural population wants z x is religi\s facilities = !mselves & = _! *ildr54 ,"s "t ago1 :5 a /udy ( fifte5 ,we/]n ,/ates 0 made by ! ,home ,mission ,c\ncil1 x m5tion$ ! foll[+ fact3 8,! g5]al feel+ manife/$ by ! returns %[s little c>e = d5om9ationalism4 ,:at ^! p want is "s "o to pres5t ,bible facts 9 an acceptable mann]40 ,! ,call ,c ,be ,met ,?is is z true to-day z x 0 :5 x 0 writt5 t5 ye>s ago4 ,sunday-s*ools = _! *ildr52 an adequate numb] ( *ur*es1 n few] ?an w meet _! ne$s or m ?an !y c support2 usable *ur*es1 op5 ! ye> r\nd1 ) able m9i/]s 9 *>ge--^! are ! ?+s ! population ( our rural di/ricts wants4 ,h[ are !y to get !m8 ,by ! in/allation ( sy/em into ! religi\s life ( ! c\ntry sections4 ,!re are en\gh *ur*es 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates to-day1 if !y 7 di/ribut$ on ! basis ( a real ne$ r ?an on ! gr\nds ( competitive religion1 to rea* ! remote/ sections ( our c\ntry4 ,! money n[ exp5d$ on nonproductive *ur*es w\ld pur*ase real vitality = ess5tial *ur*es all ?r\gh rural ,am]ica4 ,,*apt] ,,ii 8,ill f>es ! l&1 to ha/5+ ills a prey1 ,:5 weal? accumulates1 & m5 decay40 ,,goldsmi?4 ,regul> m5 & wom5 long = *ildr5 z !y long = good luck1 long life1 & sweet happ9ess4 ,b !y d n want j *ildr51 any k9d :atev] s t !y be *ildr54 ,no inde$6 ,x is always a :ole1 heal?y *ild1 a bright1 intellig5t *ild1 a lov+1 ob$i5t *ild1 a beautiful1 virtu\s *ild1 t lives w>m 9 _! dreams4 ,& a *ild ) su* *>act]i/ics co/s m ?an _m m5 & wom5 c pay2 = a well-br$ *ild1 l a well-br$ colt1 is ! product ( _m favor+ tides ( good =tune4 ,f>ms1 ,! ,place ( ,*ildr5 ,s x is t ! ,johns & ,m>ys :o leave ! f>m & its op5 spaces = city life give up hav+ *ildr5 ( _! own1--(t5 )\t kn[+ x :5 !y leave ! c\ntry1 to be sure1--& f9d !mselves lat] doom$ to "w out human cont5tm5t 9 "s o!r way2 = ! high co/ ( city space1 ( j suffici5t elb[-room = a *ild to gr[ 9 & acquire ! human *>act]i/ics desir$1 is almo/ z prohibitive z if a law 7 on ! /atute-books =bidd+ ! re>+ ( *ildr5 9 city blocks4 ,:ile my critic is bit+ 8 ?umb at ?is 8exagg]ation10 gravely ass]t+ t he kn[s !re are _m families ( *ildr5 9 our ,am]ican cities1 ,i h caught 8 eye & w hold x long en\gh to tell him a ?+ disclos$ by ! la/ ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus report1 viz41 among ! ?irty millions ( f>m p1 !re are #d1jjj1jjj m *ildr5 "u tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age ?an !re are among any ?irty millions ( city p4 ,& ?is bald fact virtually decl>es ! tru? ,i am utt]+--t ! c\ntry conta9s ! *ildr5 ( ! nation1 t ! f>m is ! natural re>+-gr\nd ( well-br$ *ildr51 & t ! city core--! /amp+-gr\nd ( bus9ess & adults--abhors *ildr5 z 8nature abhors a vacuum40 ,my /ory w n rea* home1 h[ev]1 unless "o pauses a mom5t to let ?is c5sus fact soak 94 ,"h is an excess ( *ildr5 liv+ on our f>ms t w\ld make a small nation1--bigg] ?an ,switz]l&1 bigg] ?an ,*ili1 ?an ,norway1 ?an fam\s little agricultural ,d5m>k4 ,cities ,get ,y\? f ,f>ms ,& :at w become ( ?is excess ( *ildr58 ,:at else ?an ?is8 ,! f>ms w manage to fe$ !m1 clo! !m1 educate !m until !y come ( age1 :51 possess$ ( ! /rong "r arm1 !y w turn _! backs on ! f>m & f>m+1 & g to recruit ! n]ve-fagg$ indu/ry ( cities4 ,! f>ms fe$ indu/ry1 pr(essional s]vice1 & city life ) muscle1 intellect1 & imag9ation4 ,?is is ! romance1 & !re is n a ^w 9 x ( :eat1 corn1 cotton1 or cattle4 ,?is e-day function ( ! f>m1 (t5 spok5 ( lightly1 almo/ z if x 7 a poetic fiction1 is ! solid /ratum ( fact ^u :i* ! plot ( my /ory re/s4 ,! annual editorial bla/1 8,keep ! boy on ! f>m10 nev] conc]ns ?is sl[ly mov+ /ream ( "y adults cityw>d1 = ^! are a surplus1 an excess4 ,& !y mu/ g1 z sure z fate4 ,a legion ( editorials c\ld n dam back ?is fl[4 ,we are n )\t "s def9ite in=mation1 moreov]1 z to h[ ?is surplus ( f>m population works its way to ! cities ( ! nation2 = a unique /udy has be5 made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture--( ! movem5t ( #cjjj "y p f a ?\s& f>ms 9 "o community--ov] a p]iod ( "o hundr$ ye>s--a community :]e 7& ?is fits into my /ory7 ! ,god ( ! ,puritans has be5 kn[n by ! *ildr5 f ! days ( ! fir/ log cab9s4 ,we "k j :i* f>ms s5t _! surplus crop ( "y folk away4 ,we "k exactly :]e !y w5t 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,&1 fur!rmore1 we "k :at vocations !y recruit$1 & :at a*ievem5ts 9 ^! vocations !y made4 ,9 a nut%ell1 we "k 9 "s measure :at ! contribution ( human =ce & influ5ce 0 f ^! ?\s& f>ms1 f>m by f>m1 to ! upbuild+ ( ! cities ( ! nation4 ,! unfold+ picture ( ?is f>m community's impact ^u ! nation's life dur+ ! c5tury j pass$ is precisely ! ?+ _m p]sons h look$ = to put national mean+ into ! daily disappe>ance f ! f>ms ( ! surplus ( "y adults :i* e few ye>s am\nts to a /rong small nation p\r$ into city indu/ry4 ,i _c pass ?is rem>kable /udy by )\t nam+ "s ( ! m5 :o z 8exportable surplus0 left ! old f>m/ead to "w out c>e]s 9 cities4 ,i w "n only ^? :om y "k1 & "k to honor4 ,y rememb] ,gov]nor ,george ,peck ( ,wiscons94 ,y knew him z ! ,peck ( 8,peck's ,bad ,boy40 ,f>m numb] #eee among ^! ?\s& f>ms gave ,gov]nor ,peck to ,wiscons94 ,gov]nor ,reub5 ,wood ( ,ohio came f f>m numb] #aai4 ,gov]nor ,cu%man ,davis1 ( ,m9nesota1 aft]w>d ,unit$ ,/ates ,s5ator1 0 ! product ( f>m numb] #eef1 j z mu* z ! :eat f t f>m 0 a product & w5t into national trade4 ,f>m numb] #fah gave ,*>les ,f9ney to ,am]ican ,*ri/5dom & to ,ob]l9 ,college z its honor$ presid5t4 ,f>m numb] #gja rais$ ,*>les ,n4 ,critt5ton1 gave him to ! :olesale drug bus9ess 9 ,new ,york ,city1 9 :i* he accumulat$ weal? ) :i* he put into op]ation 8 ideal = fri5dless girls4 ,! ,flor5ce ,critt5ton ,rescue ,homes = girls 9 sev5ty-two cities ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates tells 8 /ory4 ,"o ( ! little hamlets 9 ! community produc$ ,daniel ,burnham1 ,am]ica's lead+ ar*itect1 at home equally 9 ,*icago1 ,new ,york1 or ,rome1 ,italy4 ,b ^! bright] lights ( ! exodus d n by any means convey :at is p]haps aft] all ! great] influ5ce & might ( ! majority ( ! human surplus :o w5t =? & f\nd _! places & play$ _! rles z less widely kn[n p]sonalities 9 ent]prises ( bank+1 manufacture1 tea*+1 or m]*&iz+1 :]e !y help$ weave ! fabric ( ,am]ica & its in/itutions z we "k !m 9 e-day life4 ,! =ce ( ?is pla9 /ory ( ! human product ( good f>ms1 9 a community :]e ,god 0 kn[n1 lies n 9 :at might be consid]$ ! exceptional "* ( ! community1 b r 9 ! fact t ! /ory ( ?is p>ticul> community ( f>ms is ! /ory1 9 "o respect or ano!r1 ( all ,am]ican f>m communities4 ,?is /udy conv9ces bo? m5 ( ! f>ms & m5 ( ! cities1--z x sets _! memories to "w ab\t ! migrants f ! l& :om !y h kn[n--t z ! f>m+ communities wax or wane1 s wax or wane ! cities & ! nation4 ,_m ,*ildr5 ,virtual ,pagans ,& "h an unsuspect$ villa9 ent]s my /ory4 ,d n laugh 9 y\r sleeve :5 y discov] t ! villa9 is a fact1 m]ely a fact2 b1 by ! by1 a v /ubborn & bli/]+ fact4 ,( ! fifte5 millions ( f>m *ildr5--*ildr5 "u tw5ty-"o ye>s ( age1--m ?an f\r millions are virtual pagans1 *ildr5 )\t k ( ,god4 ,if1 p]*ance1 !y "k ! words to curse )1 !y d n "k ! ,^w to live by4 ,?is sadd5+ fact is ! solemn disclosure ( ! rec5t /udy1 already m5tion$1 made by ! ,social & ,religi\s ,in/itute ( ,new ,york ,city4 ,a survey ( #agi c\nties 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 repres5tatively select$1 enables ! ,in/itute ) confid5ce to ass]t t 8#a1fjj1jjj f>m *ildr5 live 9 communities :]e !re is no *ur* or ,sunday-s*ool ( any d5om9ation10 & 8probably #b1gej1jjj m :o d n g to any ,sunday-s*ool1 ei!r because ! *ur* to :i* _! p>5ts belong does n h any1 or because !y d n c>e to connect !mselves ) su* an organization40 ,"o does n get ! real inw>dness ( ?is fact until "o appreciates t ^! #a1fjj1jjj ( pagan *ildr5 are n scatt]$ ev5ly1 or m or less ev5ly1 among ! o!r millions ( *ildr5 :o are 9 contact ) ! ,bible1 b are 9 a great measure hom$ 9 bibleless1 godless communities4 ,! nation might possibly assimilate a million bibleless *ildr5 if !y 7 br\ght up among sev]al millions ( *ildr5 :o "k ! concepts ( religion2 b absorb+ godless *ildr5 9 great numb]s f :ole godless gr\ps is a bird ( a diff]5t fea!r4 ,:at is /ill m disconc]t+1 ! tr5d1 we are l$ to suppose1 is n f bad to bett]1 b f bad to worse4 8,!re is no national passion = seek+ out ! godless community & sett+ ! ,bible !re10 we he> on e h&4 8,! promot]s ( ,bible /udy are too apologetic to bus9ess1 to education1 to pleasure1 ev51 & g n ab\t _! tasks z ^? :o h a commission f ! nation10 _m say4 ,b ^! b>e /atem5ts fail1 p]haps1 to get hold ( u4 ,we mu/ h p>ticul>s & ! pulse ( ! ?+4 ,& s ,i wi% to take a page out ( my own exp]i5ce & let y read x4 ,trapp$ 9 a ,godless ,community ,my duties1 a :ile back1 took me into ! clov]-be>+ hills ( a promis+ c\nty 9 a dairy ,/ate4 ,i /ay$ ! night ) a f>m]'s family1 enjoy+ ! hospitality & confid5ces ( ! home4 ,nev] %all ,i =get two episodes ( ! ev5+4 ,! milk+ 0 f9ally ov]--twelve mighty good c[s4 ,i _h be5 all[$ to milk ?ree1 tak+ ! "m's place on h] favorite milk+-/ool4 ,c]ta9 c[s 7 8t5d]0 & respond$ k9dly to h] g5tl] t\*4 ,! h\se 0 on a side hill slop+ /eeply to ! road1 & across ! road 0 a ?9ly timb]$ tw5ty-acre lot4 ,! w>m milk _h be5 p\r$ into t5-gallon cans & c>ri$ up to ! h\se1 :]e /ood1 9 a neat little milk-h\se1 a cream sep>ator4 ,:5 all 0 ready1 ! sep>ator began to s+1 ! cream came trickl+ out1 ! skim-milk p\r$ into a t5-gallon c1 z ! gaunt six-foot-?ree1 n>r[-%\ld]$ f>m] turn$ ! crank4 ,at ! fir/ :irr+ tune-up ( ! sep>ator1 ,i he> a scurry+ ( feet 9 ! timb] lot bel[1 & soon a regim5t ( hogs & pigs 7 at ! f5ce1 /&+ ) h9d feet 9 ! long tr\gh1 front feet ov] ! top rail ( ! f5ce1 black heads 9 a r[1 beady little eyes pe]+ up ! hill1 op5 m\?s giv+ v5t to a long-drawn squeal ( jubilant petition4 ,z ! :ir ( ! sep>ator grew into a liquid hum1 ! squeal+ *orus rose to heav51 fill+ ! valley1 inve/+ ! f>m1 l a piece ( symbolism1 ) ! imp]i\s dem&s ( animals & crops ^u ! total en]gies ( ! family4 ,f9ally ! la/ drop ( milk w5t ?r\gh ! sep>ator4 ,!n ! fa!r put 8 h&s to two h&les ( two t5-gallon cans ( skim-milk2 "o son grasp$ ! o!r h&le ( "o c2 ano!r son caught hold ( ! h&le ( ! second c2 :ile ea* son 9 8 rema9+ h& held a pail ( ! milk4 ,!n !y ?ree1 ) two cans & two brimm+ pails1 took up _! /ately m>* abrea/ d[n ! hill to ! squeal+ *orus at ! tr\gh4 ,x look$ = all ! _w l "s prie/ly ritual4 ,! milk 0 p\r$ into ! tr\gh4 ,! pigs ceas$ to *ant & began to suck1 guzzle1 pu%1 & grunt4 ,s ! day's "w 0 ov]1 & we s\ght ! h\se4 ,d>kness fell ov] ! hill & valley & ! fill$ pigs lay d[n to sleep2 :ile ! f>m] ga!r$ 8 family ab\t him1 took up 8 ,bible & read ! ,scriptures1 ev5 z did ! cott]1 :om ,burns1 ! f>m] ,scot1 made u "k3 ,! prie/-l fa!r reads ! sacr$ page1 ,h[ ,abram 0 ! fri5d ( ,god on high2 ,or ,moses bade et]nal w>f>e wage ,) ,amalek's ungraci\s prog5y2 ,or h[ ! royal b>d did groan+ lie ,b5ea? ! /roke ( ,heav5's av5g+ ire2 ,or ,job's pa!tic pla9t & wail+ cry2 ,or rapt ,isaiah's wild1 s]aphic fire2 ,or o!r holy se]s t tune ! sacr$ lyre4 ,conv]sation 9 ! morn+ br\ght out ! fact t ?is hillside home 0 virtually ! only "o1 9 ?is clov] community1 /ruggl+ to br+ up its *ildr5 9 ! k ( ,god4 ,no *ur*1 no ,sunday-s*ool1 no p>o*ial s*ool1 no ,bible class4 ,! gaunt fa!r1 ga!r+ emotion z he ov]he>d 8 own /ory1 said3 8,i h only "o problem n[4 ,9 twelve ye>s my c[s & hogs h paid = !mselves1 paid = my f>m1 built my b>n & h\se4 ,! "o problem is n money any long]1 b x is my boys & girls4 ,!y are j n[ at ! po9t :]e ! home c no long] hold !m1 & !y w1 ,i fe>1 s9k into ! mire ( ?is godless community40 8,:at d y mean1 #8mire'80 ,i inquir$4 8,well1 x is h>d to put into words10 he cont9u$4 8,p]haps ?is w give y "s idea3 s9ce ,i h be5 "h1 n[ twelve ye>s1 n a w$d+ has tak5 place any:]e h]eab\ts t has n be5 =c$4 ,& ?is is n ! wor/ ( x40 8,:y don't y />t a ,sunday-s*ool80 ,i urg$4 8,too late60 he sigh$4 8,my *ildr5 are almo/ beyond me4 ,i 01 ,i fe>1 too busy ) my c[s & pigs1 & ! *ildr5 j grew up be=e ,i knew x40 8,:at w y d80 ,i c\ld n refra9 f ask+1 m to myself ?an to him1 9 my own p]plexity1 z ,i tri$ to %>e 9 ! problem4 8,! only ?+ ,i c d10 said he1 z if ! conv]sation _h /r5g!n$ a previ\s resolution half-he>t$ly ent]ta9$1 8is to yield to my wife's judgm5t2 sell ! f>m1 g to "s safe community :]e !re is a *ur*1 ,sunday-s*ool1 & a high s*ool4 ,we p "h 9 ?is community made our great mi/ake 9 />t+ out wrong4 ,we made a religion ( our pure-br$ hogs & cattle1 & let our boys & girls g to ! dogs40 ,?is tale ( *ildr51 :o turn$ out to h be5 unwitt+ly sidetrack$ by c[s & hogs1 recall$ my own exp]i5ce 9 break+ "s new l& 9 ! ,skims at a p]iod 9 my life :5 ! doctor _h said3 8,:at y ne$ is to get close to ! l&4 ,crawl ar\nd on ! soil a ye> or two & y w le>n ov] aga9 h[ to sleep40 ,well1 ) my old horse ,! ,cid & a mail-ord] "o-horse pl[1 ,i w5t ?r\gh ! motions ( pl[+ t p9e cut-ov] f :i* ! p9es _h be5 skimm$ (f l cream f a milk-pan4 ,survey+ ! scrat*$ & torn field1 some:at bruis$ & ble$+1 ,i w decl>e x 01 ,i said to myself3 8,x doesn't look really pl[$2 b x w be all "r :5 ,i get x dragg$40 ,!n ,! ,cid did 8 v be/ at dragg+4 ,dutifully--) an inn] *uckle1 ,i am sure1 at my gre5 expectations1 = he 0 a season$ old ,skims horse himself--he plodd$ along & ov] ! field4 ,at la/ ,i /ood sweat+ & we>y1 look+ x ov]1 & 0 oblig$ to own up3 8,x doesn't look dragg$2 b x w be all "r :5 ,i get x cultivat$40 ,i w5t ?r\gh ! =m ( m>k+ & plant+1 & ?\gh ,i c\ldn't see ! r[s v well1 ,i quiet$ my discont5t by say+ to myself1 8,x w be all "r :5 ,i get x ho$40 ,b :5 ! corn came up1 x 0 accompani$ by su* a community ( we$s1 bri]s1 grass1 & small bu%es1 t ,i c\ldn't cultivate because ,i c\ldn't see ! corn4 ,aft] ,i _h 9 mu* p]plexity />$ at ! cultivator & !n at ! field1 ,i look$ t piece ( "w squ>e 9 ! face & av]r$3 8,if ,i ev] pl[ aga91 ,i am n go+ to kid myself into ?9k+ t ! cultivator w /raight5 out ! s9s ( ! pl[40 ,?is raw-bon$ f>m] & 8 wife1 possess$ ( ! faire/ int5tions 9 ! _w = _! *ildr51 _h become trapp$ 9 a godless community be=e !y 7 aw>e ( x2 all because ! se$-b$ ( human life _h n be5 pl[$ deep ) social religion at ! v outset4 ,is ?is community a fair example ( bibleless c\ntry gr\ps8 ,i believe x is4 ,i am sorry to admit x1 b ,i believe x is a fair type4 ,:5 ! ,bible ,has ,no ,int]pret] ,if a nation c n build civilization securely )\t a k ( hi/ory1 nei!r c *ildr5 build "* )\t a k ( ^? m5 & wom5 ( hi/ory :o h essay$ to "k ,god4 ,! ,bible is ! /ory ( su* p]sons4 ,x is biography4 ,x is lives ( ^? 9 :om ! s\l ( man 9 8 se>* = ,god has ris5 to its highe/ levels4 ,!re is no sub/itute = ?is ,bible biography1--except1 if y please1 ano!r ,bible4 ,& p]haps1 9 po9t ( ,bible illit]acy1 next to ! community :i* has no ,bible 9 x1 lies ! community 9 :i*1 ?\gh !re is a ,bible1 ! lead]s 9 tea*+ ! ,bible1 or r 9 expla9+ ! ,bible to ! *ildr51 are !mselves grossly ignorant1 if n demoraliz$4 ,! ,bible is a book ( _m /ories1 ( a ho/ ( incid5ts1 ( innum]able ideas4 ,selection is vital4 ,to select f ! ,bible & h& on its mean+ 9 grave ignorance is to run ! risk t all ignorance runs4 ,"h is :]e _m a rural community suff]s1 :5 x is commonly ?\ght to be provid$ ) a k ( ,god4 ,x fell to my lot rec5tly to visit a small rural community ( tw5ty-five families ( ?is type4 ,only ?ree ( ! families 7 totally )\t *ur* connections1 or at lea/ *ur* traditions4 ,"o *ur* build+ has fall5 94 ,"o lies torn d[n4 ,! ?ird1 /ill /&+1 is rott+4 ,x is suppos$ to be 8haunt$40 ,splits disorganiz$ & disc\rag$ ! p4 ,a f\r? rude *ur* /ructure has come1 b splitt+ up f )9 has begun4 ,ignorance ( a crass sort rules4 ,! ,bible has _h no well-balanc$ s\l to int]pret its wond]ful tru?s4 ,! family hi/ories ( ?is settlem5t run--to speak v grimly inde$--l an an?ology ( despair & depravity4 ,li/53 8,%e dr[n$ h] babies regul>ly 9 ! creek40 8,he 0 said to be ! fa!r ( 8 own daught]'s fir/ *ild40 8,?is woman 0 subnormal & has ?ree illegitimate *ildr540 8,?is o!r woman is a m5ace to e man 9 ! community40 8,he committ$ suicide40 8,%e p\r$ k]os5e on ! cat & set fire to x40 8,boil nails 9 wat] to f9d out if p]son = :i* wat] is nam$ committ$ a crime4 ,if nails crackle & knock aga9/ ! pan1 !n p]son nam$ is guilty40 8,a p]son dies h>d on fea!rs4 ,we took "m's b$ out f "u h] ?ree times :5 we ?\ght %e 0 dy+40 8,our *ildr5 don't ne$ to g to s*ool to le>n to read4 ,! ,_s tea*es !m to read40 ,! p ( ^! families look$1 9 ! face1 l p y meet 9 any fair gr\p ( folks2 b _! m9ds1 _! de$s1 _! hopes1 _! fe>s6 ,!re's ! rub4 ,is ?is gr\p ( tw5ty-five families typical ( c\ntry communities :]e ! ,bible is f\ght ov] by bl9d lead]s ( ! bl9d8 ,i am afraid x is4 ,i admit x ) %ame1 b ,i admit x4 ,! ,bible1--z if x 7 a pl[ f\nd by p]sons :o knew n its use1 b :o scrapp$ h>d = its possession z an ornam5t ( _! doory>ds1--! life-giv+ ,bible 9 ^! h&s is /ill a clos$ book & a lock$-up treasure4 ,p$igre$ ,au/]ity ,bett] ,?an ,ignorance ,human life at its be/ is no m]e accid5t :i* may happ5 any:]e "u any conditions4 ,! be/ has its p$igree4 ,x is ! result ( inf9ite pa9s ) *ildr5 z ) crops & animals4 ,ev5 ! au/]e1 n>r[-gag$ lead]%ip hav+ a p$igree is f> bett] ?an ?is ignorant1 illit]ate type4 ,i rememb] well z a lad h[ my fa!r1 a c\ntry m9i/]1 collegebr$ & tra9$ 9 ! !ological s*ool ( 8 p>ticul> d5om9ational /ripe1 /ood rock-l 9 8 p>i% = temp]ance4 ,x 0 a grape c\ntry1 ) sev]al w9e di/ill]ies4 ,my fa!r taught ab/5tion f w9e-dr9k+ & prea*$ aga9/ ! di/ill]ies4 ,"o *ur* pill> 0 9 ! w9e bus9ess & furni%$ ! sacram5tal w9e4 ,my fa!r f9ally c>ri$ 8 logic to ! po9t :]e he made ann\ncem5t3 8,next ,sunday at ! ,communion we %all n use f]m5t$ w9e40 ,sunday came4 ,a l>g] congregation ?an usual assembl$4 ,!re 0 a t5s5ess ( sil5t emotion 9 ! /iff ,sunday-dress$ village & f>m] folk1 :i* ,i c feel yet1 aft] =ty ye>s4 ,! communion-table 0 set4 ,i see my fa!r n[1 z he pick$ up ! flagon ( w9e & p\r$ into ! *alice4 ,he paus$--on 8 face a sudd5 look ( bewild]m5t4 ,!n sl[ly he p\r$ ! *alice ( w9e back into ! flagon1 /rode to ! door1 & empti$ ! cont5ts on ! gr\nd4 ,quietly resum+ ! c]emony he said3 8,we w commune )\t w9e to-day40 ,! di/ill] _h done 8 dirty "w & put "o ov] on ! c\ntry p>son4 ,b ! p>son1 al?\gh he caus$ a s5se ( con/]nation to creep ov] ! *ur* folk1--ak9 to ! horror 9 ! multitude :5 ,c\nt ,antonio1 9 ,an?ony ,hope's tonic /ory1 laid h&s on ! ,sacr$ ,bones 9 mid/ream1--by ?is d>+ act help$ plug ! bung-holes & spike ! spigots 9 ! cell>s ( t c\nty4 ,& ! :ole c\ntryside1 be x said1 respond$ to ! resolute w ( my fa!r to make ,god kn[n to a community /eep$ 9 w9e4 ,my fa!r probably %>$ ! n>r[-m9d$ness ( 8 p>ticul> p$igree1 b he c]ta9ly hew$ to ! l9e l a prophet ( old4 ,8 crop ( "y conv]ts came usually 9 w9t]2 b ! sn[ & ice _h no det]r+ *ill = him4 ,he nev] ?\ght ( po/pon+ ! baptismal rite till summ]4 ,he _h a l>ge hole cut ?r\gh 9 ! little riv] ne> by1 = wat] help$ mightily 9 8 sy/em ( doctr9e4 ,he didn't sp>e me ei!r4 ,at elev5 ye>s ( age1 he l$ me1 z he did my c\ntry playmates1 out ( ! sleigh1 d[n ! sn[bank1 into ?is ice-wat]4 ,!re 0 no s(t5+ ( ! ideals ( life 9 t p>i%1 ,i c tell y4 ,& ! ,god ( ,daniel 0 kn[n & ackn[l$g$ !re 9 fe> & trembl+4 ,:51 9 aft] ye>s x fell to my =tune to live on ! ,skims & to woo sleep ) logg+1 /ump+1 & 8scrat*+0 ! l&1 ,i saw :at a real ,sunday-s*ool w\ld d ev5 9 a subm>g9al community = ! *ildr5 ( ! p9e cut-ov]4 ,!re 0 ! f>m] wid[ woman ) ! man's h&s4 ,:at w\ld h be5 h] *ances ( re>+ h] sev5 *ildr5 to usefulness & self-respect )\t t weekly community-s*ool "u good lead]%ip8 ,i he> aga9 h] breezy1 *e]y call to h] brood z %e drives up to ! little *ur*4 8,pile out40 8,pile 910 :5 ,sunday-s*ool is ov]4 ,a slap ( ! l9es1 & a piece ( rural ,am]ica goes back to its cab91 m9ds spray$ ) race lore4 ,a mighty :olesome sight 9 a community ( tools ) brok5 h&les1 ( h>nesses toggl$ ) hay-wire1 ( =tunes 8bu/$01 ( ! bl9d1 & ( ^? :o c\ld n sleep4 ,!re 0 ! old retir$ f>m]1 ,scot* ,mc,dugle1 too1 eighty ye>s old4 ,he w\ld come ov] f next door ( an ev5+ & swap ,skims /ories = a *e]y welcome & a li/5+ e>4 ,x w\ld be midw9t]4 ,! %eet-iron /ove %[$ r$4 8,come 91 ,mr4 ,mc,dugle10 my wife w\ld say4 8,take (f y\r hat & mitt5s40 8,oh1 no1 no10 he w\ld reply1 8j /epp$ 9 to say #8h[dy4' ,c't /ay a m9ute40 ,!n ,mc,dugle w\ld settle d[n = ! ev5+ close to ! r$-hot /ove1 mitt5s drawn tight1 ,scot* cap pull$ close d[n ov] 8 e>s4 ,z he got limb]$ 9 memory1 he w\ld g ?r\gh a set ( que] antics ) 8 lips & tongue--little dry1 /accato sputt]s4 ,he rem9d$ me 9 ?is ( a c\rtly neura/h5e ,i once met :o said1 z he w5t ?r\gh simil> tongue motions1 8,i beg y\r p>don1 b ,i h a hair on ! tip ( my tongue :i* ,i seem nev] able to get (f40 ,f>m] ,mc,dugle's favorite !me 0 ! mak+ ( great ,am]ican m5 out ( 8h>d knocks0 & 8a good p9* ( ,god40 ,he revel$ 9 ,l9coln1 :om he _h kn[n2 & he nev] got tir$ ( weav+ ! p he knew 9 ) ! race-h]oes ( all "t4 ,z ,i ?9k ( ,mc,dugle & 8 ilk 9 ^! lat] days1 ,i c n help suspect+ t bleak little ,scotl& & ,god 9 ! life1 despite ! /a9 ( ! 8wee drap o'rye10 acc\nt = _m ( ,am]ica's man-mak+ rural communities4 ,:5 ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant ,agree ,! *airman ( ! ,bo>d ( ,directors ( ! ,national ,ca?olic ,rural ,life ,conf]5ce1 9 a call publi%$ 79 ! ,april #aibd numb] ( 8,/4 ,isadore's ,pl[07 = ! second annual ,ca?olic ,rural ,life ,conf]5ce1 says3 8,we h two di/9ct entities ( population1 &1 we might say1 ( civilization 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates--! urban & ! rural4 ,! *ur* is decid$ly urban4 ,s f> z ! ,*ur* is conc]n$1 ! c\ntry t[ns & villages are /ill #8pagani4'0 ,?us y see ,prote/ant & ,ca?olic agree 9 see+ ! m5ace ( rural paganism )9 ! bord]s ( ,*ri/ian ,am]ica4 ,?is is n ! mom5t to settle ! blame = ?is condition on any p]sons or sects4 ,x is r ! "t = a /atesmanlike move to meet ! m5ace4 ,bible in/ruction ( wor?1 dignity1 intellig5ce1 9 e community1 made accessible to ! la/ *ild1 is an aim :i* alone c meet ! case4 ,b ?is is an h]culean /unt1 & requires "s ( ! same sweep ( cop]ative1 univ]sal mom5tum z drove out yell[ fev]1 mal>ia1 & is fight+ pellagra1 hook-worm1 & tub]culosis4 ,bible illit]acy ranks z a problem ) book illit]acy2 & z great a unanimity is requir$ to root x out z to eradicate book illit]acy4 ,a hundr$ diff]5t religi\s bodies 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates h /riv5 m or less fitfully 9 ! pa/ ) ?is problem4 ,b f> m is ne$$ ?an ! hundr$-head$ ef=t4 ,:51 9 ! late w>1 ! ,allies came to _! s5ses & f\nd t _! /ruggle 0 n a rope-pull nor a b>becue1 b a life-or-dea? /ruggle1 !y elect$ ,fo* to give univ]sality ( w to ! cause ( def5se4 ,! *ildr5 ( rural ,am]ica des]ve by good rights a ,fo* to lead ! =ces ( ,bible lit]acy aga9/ a creep+1 godless paganism4 ,i h refra9$ f pres5t+ ! religi\s case = ?is crusade4 ,! m5ace is s great t ! social appeal %\ld be suffici5t--& %\ld rea* e intellig5t lov] ( ,am]ica1 be he fundam5tali/1 mod]ni/1 e?ici/1 or j pla9 man4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,william ,james1 ! ,h>v>d psy*ologi/1 us$ to say 9 8 class-room3 8,i mu/ fight ! devil & 8 wiles1 = ,god ne$s me4 ,i may help save ! day40 ,9 ! same room1 ! next h\r1 ,josiah ,royce1 ! philosoph]1 w\ld say1 8,i mu/ set my heel on ,satan's neck1 = ,god's victori\s _s is 9 me40 ,:i*ev] ( ^! two s*ools ( moral action "o belongs to1 "o is b\nd1 y see1 to fight ! devil & 8 guile2 & 9 c\ntry life ?is is no joke1 = z x turns out1 ! devil wav$ a mighty wick$ w& ov] ! ,am]ican f>m t5ant :5 he jockey$ him on to ! l& into ! %oes ( ! dep>t+ f>m own]4 ,x 0 a devili%1 cunn+ trick to decoy ! own]1 body & s\l1 into t[n & into ! t[n *ur*--away f ! little c\ntry *ur* ( 8 fa!rs4 ,x 01 h[ev]1 ! meane/ lick ( ,satan aga9/ ! peace ( ! t5ant to bewit* him into flitt+ f f>m to f>m & f community to community4 ,& n[ ! situation has come to su* a pass t1 unless ! ,am]ican *ur* has ! grace & backbone & subtlety to outg5]al ! devil 9 8 game1 ! devil w9s2 = 9 matt]s ( religion1 ! l&less man is betwe5 ! devil & ! deep sea4 8,*ur*es ,det\r--,t5ants ,ahead0 ,x is old /uff1 9 a way1 ?is *e]less /ory ( f>m t5ants & religion4 ,pick up1 z ,i h done1 ei!r at r&om or q me?odically1 booklets1 *apt]s1 articles1 or pamphlets deal+ at fir/ h& ) ! f>m t5ant1 & ! tale ( 8 religi\s h&icap runs dre>ily1 hopelessly to ! same sad end4 ,= example1 take ?is r mild /atem5t f a memb] ( ,roosevelt's ,c\ntry ,life ,commission3 8,! f>m own] :o has mov$ to t[n & is r5t+ 8 l& _c be expect$ to be a real1 vital =ce 9 ! rural *ur*4 ,nor c ! t5ant :o has a "o-ye> lease1 or ^: t5ure is unc]ta91 be expect$ to cultivate ! ,*ri/ian graces by intimate fell[%ip ) 8 neighbors & associates2 9 o!r words1 to take root 9 ! community & become a "p ( x40 8,:y1 !n10 x w be ask$1 8try to dress up ! outworn subject aga980 ,! pla9 answ]1 )\t any apology1 is simply ?is3 ,! f>m-t5ant case1 z a phase ( religion 9 eclipse1 has n yet ca/ an image on ! ,am]ican m9d4 ,! ,am]ican *ur*1--& ,i class toge!r all ! ,*ri/ian bodies 9 ?is sweep+ t]m1--! ,*ri/ian consci5ce ( ! ,am]ican *ur* has app>5tly rev]s$ itself & 8pass$ by on ! o!r side0 ( ?is b$evil$ situation4 ,n[ su* an attitude1 su* collective behavior1 is ru?less1 well nigh un=givable1 & 9 fact incompreh5sible4 ,words mu/ cont9ue to be spok5 until ! *ur* ceases to det\r ar\nd ! t5ant4 ,! ,flood ( ,t5ancy ,unabat$ ,& fir/ ( all1 9 ord] to see ! gravity ( ! case z x /&s1 "o mu/ s5se ! resi/less "* ( ! sweep+ fl[ ( t5ancy itself4 ,decade by decade ! flood has ris54 ,9 #ahhj1 #be4f p] c5t4 ( ! f>ms 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 7 t5ant f>ms2 9 #ahij1 #bh4d p] c5t42 9 #aijj1 #ce4c p] c5t42 9 #aiaj1 #cg4j p] c5t42 9 #aibj1 #ch4a p] c5t4 ,if "o looks a little clos] at ! regions :]e ! flood is highe/--almo/ ov] ! dikes1 s to speak--! tru? /rikes home a little /rong]4 ,9 ! ea/ ,s\?-c5tral ,/ates1 conta9+ ,k5tucky1 ,t5nessee1 ,alabama1 ,mississippi1 ! p]c5tage 9 #ahhj 0 #ce4b2 9 #ahij1 #ch4f2 9 #aijj1 #di4a2 9 #aiaj1 #eb4h2 9 #aibj1 #di4f4 ,9 ! we/ s\?-c5tral area1 conta9+ ,arkansas1 ,l\isiana1 ,oklahoma1 ,texas1 ! p]c5tage 9 #ahhj 0 #ce4b2 9 #ahij1 #ch4f2 9 #aijj1 #di4a2 9 #aiaj1 #eb4h2 9 #aibj1 #ec4b4 ,9 ! we/ nor?-c5tral area1 conta9+1 z a v vital "p ( ,am]ican agriculture1 ,m9nesota1 ,i[a1 ,miss\ri1 ,nor? ,dakota1 ,s\? ,dakota1 ,nebraska1 ,kansas1 ! p]c5tage 9 #ahhj 0 #bj4e2 9 #ahij1 #bd4j2 9 #aijj1 #bh4f2 9 #aiaj1 #cj4j2 9 #aibj1 #cd4a4 ,:5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus ,report = #aibj came out & 0 scann$1 x 0 discov]$ by e "o t 9 ! decade betwe5 #aiaj & #aibj ! flood ( t5ant f>ms _h 9 numb] gone d[n 9 "s ,/ates a little1 z 9 ,alabama & ,mississippi1 a fact :i* br\ght a decl9e 9 ! ea/ s\?-c5tral area f #eb4h p] c5t4 9 #aiaj to #di4f p] c5t4 9 #aibj4 ,b le/ ! fri5ds ( agriculture 9 ,am]ica %\ld be put "u e!r by ?is disclosure1 ,dr4 ,c4 ,l4 ,/ew>t1 n[ pr(essor 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,ill9ois1 :ile a memb] ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 9 a /atem5t entitl$1 8,! ,p]si/5t ,increase ( ,t5ant ,f>m+10 call$ att5tion to ! fact t ! b>e numb] ( t5ant f>ms is a less accurate index ( ! sweep & mean+ ( t5ancy ?an ! acreage involv$ & ! value ( t acreage3 8,:5 measur$ on ! basis ( acreage & value1 ! numb] ( r5t$ acres p] ?\s& & ! numb] ( doll>'s wor? ( r5t$ l& p] ?\s& 0 n only high] 79 #aiaj & #aibj7 ?an t %[n on ! prec$+ basis 7numb] ( r5t$ f>ms71 b has be5 gr[+ at mu* fa/] rates dur+ bo? ( ! decades s9ce #aijj1 especially dur+ ! decade j end$4444 ,9 ! light ( ?is analysis1 ! tide ( t5ancy is %[n by ! late/ c5sus to h cont9u$ ) little or no abatem5t40 ,9 sob] tru?1 ?is flood-tide ( t5ancy is no m]e pass+ ph5om5on 9 ! adolesc5t exp]i5ce ( ,am]ica1 b is a settl$ *>act]i/ic n[ be+ wr\ght into ! texture ( ,am]ican life4 ,z a social & economic =ce1 t5ancy is "h to /ay4 ,/atesm5 may well build _! dikes high] aga9/ x2 b ,am]ican religi\s lead]s--! mak]s ( ecclesia/ical policy--mu/ f n[ on gravely take f>m t5ancy into _! reckon+1 or assume spiritual responsibility = its cont9u$ religionless "*4 ,locat+ ! ,devil's ,qu>ry ,let u draw a bit clos] to ^! t5ant folks & look !m 9 ! eyes4 ,!re !y are1 9 r\nd numb]s two & a half millions ( t5ant op]ators2 or1 p]haps1 bett] reckon$ = our purpose z twelve millions ( p1 c\nt+ all p]sons 9 ! t5ant families bo? old & "y4 ,b1 z almo/ ev]ybody kn[s1 !re are a few va/ diff]5ces among t5ants1 & we mu/ sift a little & sort out ! gr\p t ! devil is lay+ 8 f+] on & claim+ z 8 own4 ,a t5ant :o is a son or daught] ( ! l&lord1 or o!rwise relat$ to ! l&lord by blood or m>riage1 is )\t "q n only a privileg$ p]son & 8 family a privileg$ family among t5ants1 b1 :at is m to ! po9t1 liv+ on family l&s z he mo/ g5]ally does1 ! 8relat$ t5ant0 is s (t5 an own] 9 prospect ) a de$ 89 escr[0 z ! law w\ld put x1 t :ile nom9ally a t5ant1 he is an own] 9 ?9 disguise1 & virtually has 9 ! community ! /atus ( an own]4 ,! c5sus does n decl>e :at p]c5tage ( ! twelve millions ( t5ant folk belongs to ?is favor$ class2 b :atev] ! p]c5tage is1 x is obvi\sly decreas+ ) ! decreas+ p]c5tage ( own]-op]at+ families4 ,repres5tative /udies made by ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture indicate t #bc p] c5t4 ( ! t5ant population belongs at pres5t to ?is gr\p4 ,if we accept ?is e/imate1 !n1 9 #aibj1 !re 7 #b1gfj1jjj p]sons 9 ! families ( 8relat$ t5ants40 ,to protect my /ory aga9/ ! w to exagg]ate ! l&less elem5t1 let u call ! total numb] ( 8relat$ t5ants0 ?ree millions2 & !n let u d$uct ?is :ole gr\p f ! twelve millions ( t5ant folks4 ,?is leaves n9e millions ( t5ants unprivileg$ by bir? or m>riage 9 respect to l&4 ,le/ any "o %\ld feel1 fur!rmore1 t ,i am try+ to make1 "u cov]1 a case ( ! color$ t5ant1--^: situation is confess$ly special & %\ld n1 = obvi\s reasons1 be confus$ ) t ( :ite t5ants1--let u sift & sort aga9 & take out ?ree & a half millions ( color$ t5ant folk1 old & "y4 ,! residuum is five & a half millions ( :ite t5ants4 ,?is is ! gr\p t has swell$ 9 numb]s dur+ ! pa/ f\r decades4 ,?is is ! gr\p t is all ! "t spread+ ov] m & m acres1 all ! "t creep+ on to m & m valuable l&4 ,?is gr\p ( l&less m51 wom51 & *ildr5 7,i d n mean to say t ?is is ! only l&less gr\p ( :ite f>m p1 = ! agricultural-labor class makes ano!r /ory71 occupy+ m & m ! /rategic positions 9 agriculture & c\ntry life1 conta9s ! devil's qu>ry4 ,t5ants ,on ! ,g ,we mu/ add "o m p>ticul>ly di/ress+ feature to our g5]al picture4 ,9 ,decemb] & ,janu>y 9 ! ,s\?1 or 9 ,m>* 9 ! ,nor?1 !re is a great /ir among ^! t5ants1 = mov+-"t has come4 ,dur+ ! ye> betwe5 ,decemb] #a1 #aiba1 & ,decemb] #a1 #aibb1 accord+ to a /atem5t put out by ! ,u4 ,s4 ,dep>tm5t ( ,agriculture1 entitl$1 8,f>m ,occupancy1 ,own]%ip1 & ,t5ancy1 #aibb10 8ne>ly #ffc1jjj %ifts on f>ms ex*ang+ t5ants0 occurr$ ( :i* 8ne>ly #bej1jjj t5ants 7 indicat$ to h ei!r discont9u$ f>m+ = "s o!r occupation or mov$ out ( _! communities40 ,9 ?is exodus1 pov]ty tags along1 pov]ty c>ry+ 9 h] apron all ! wit*'s ills--h>d luck1 dimm$ lights ( ! m9d1 illness1 inf]iority writt5 9 behavior1 /olid despair1 indiff]5ce to improvem5t1 ins5sibility to ref9em5ts4 ,9 ! ,s\?1 pov]ty hangs on to ! coat-tails ( ! 8,cropp]0--him ( ! l[e/ e/ate ( ! t5ant4 ,9 #aibj1 accord+ to ! ,unit$ ,/ates ,c5sus ,report1 !re 7 #bbg1cgh :ite cropp]s1 m ?an "o million :ite cropp] folk4 ,behold a ho/1 comp>able ) ! ho/ ( ,israel on ! way to ,canaan4 ,! roads are fill$ ) teams1 ) jags ( h\sehold belong+s1 ) l$ or driv5 cattle1 horses & mules1 ) loads ( wom5 & *ildr54 ,a small nation is fold+ its t5ts & mov+ on ere its t5ts h fairly got pit*$4 ,:ite t5ants alone1--& m9d y1 out ( ! gr\p ( five & a half millions ( l&less p1--an army ( #a1cge1jjj s\ls2 & ( ^!1 m ?an a half a million go+ across ! bord] ( ! community into a /range l& = ano!r %ort soj\rn4 ,?is is ! picture y w see e ye>--ov] a qu>t] ( all t5ants mov+1 & t5 p] c5t4 ( all t5ants mov+ into /range associations among /range p4 ,outca/s ,f ! ,*ur* ,9 _! rec5t /udy1 8,! ,t[n & ,c\ntry ,*ur*10 ,dr4 ,h4 ,n4 ,morse & ,dr4 de ,s4 ,brunn]1 ( ! ,in/itute ( ,social & ,religi\s ,rese>*1 h ?is conv9c+ ^w to say ab\t ! *ur* & ! f>m t5ant3 8,! *ur* 9 ! c\ntry areas is n1 g5]ally speak+1 ! *ur* ( ! l&less man4 ,9 a /udy ( all ! *ur*es 9 #agi c\nties1 locat$ 9 #dd ,/ates1 ! situation1 :i* we believe is reliably repres5tative ( conditions 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates z a :ole1 is ?is3 ,! p]c5tage ( f>m own]s :o are memb]s ( *ur*es 9 ! ,s\? is #ei4e1 :ile ( t5ants :o are memb]s ! p]c5tage is #cc4e2 9 ! ,s\?we/1 ( own]s1 #bf4b1 :ile ( t5ants1 #i4b2 9 ! ,nor?we/1 ( own]s1 #af4d1 :ile ( t5ants1 #g4d2 9 ! ,middle ,we/1 ( own]s1 #dg4i1 :ile ( t5ants1 #bj4c2 9 ! ,prairie1 ( own]s1 #ee4f1 :ile ( t5ants1 #ae4h40 ,^! two au?orities on ! f>m]'s *ur*1 draw f _! /udy ( ! high & l[ t5ancy areas 9 #age c\nties ?is fur!r conclusion3 8,! l>g] ! proportion ( f>m t5ants 9 an area1 ! m conspicu\sly unrea*$ by ! *ur* is ! l&less man40 ,"h are _! figures1 see = y\rself3 8,9 c\nties :]e t5ancy runs f #j to #aj p] c5t41 ! p]c5tage ( f>m own]s :o are *ur* memb]s is #ac4g1 :ile ! p]c5tage ( t5ants :o are *ur* memb]s is #ab4d2 :]e t5ancy runs f #aa to #be p] c5t41 ! p]c5tage ( own]s z *ur* memb]s is #bf4h1 :ile ( t5ants1 #ai4h2 :]e t5ancy runs f #bf to #ej p] c5t41 ! p]c5tage ( own]s is #dh4b1 :ile ( t5ants1 #bc4f2 :]e t5ancy runs ov] #ej p] c5t41 ! p]c5tage ( own]s :o are *ur* memb]s is #fc4f1 :ile ! p]c5tage ( t5ants :o are *ur* memb]s is #bc4i40 ,:5 we look into ?is /atem5t1 x is pla9 t 9 ! l[ t5ancy areas ! 8relat$ t5ants0 on 8family l&s0 bulk l>ge1 & !y rank1 z we "k1 ) own]s !mselves2 b :5 we get into ! high t5ancy areas1 we /rike ! core ( t5ants unrelat$ to ! l&lord4 ,"h is ! mass ( our #e1ejj1jjj l&less t5ant folk1 & "h is :]e ! *ur* has weak5$ & fall5 d[n4 ,five millions ( ^! :ite l&less t5ants are 9 ! high t5ancy areas4 ,& apply+ ?is *ur* /udy to our problem1 :ile ! *ur* rea*es #ee p] c5t4 ( ! own]s 9 ^! areas x rea*es only #bd p] c5t4 ( ! t5ants4 ,t is1 #a1bjj1jjj ( ^! l&less t5ants only are inside ! circle ( direct religi\s influ5ce1 & #c1hjj1jjj are outside4 ,if ^! #e1jjj1jjj p]sons _h be5 own]s ( l&1 or inh]itors ( l& 9 wait+1 ! *ur* w\ld h rea*$ #b1gej1jjj ( !m in/ead ( #a1bjj1jjj2 9 o!r words "h are #a1eej1jjj t5ant p :o are outca/s f ! *ur* simply because !y are l&less folk4 ,& ^! outca/s--^! religionless p>iahs--are on ! increase f ye> to ye> z t5ancy increases its hold ^u ! nation4 ,"o ,hundr$ ,p] ,c5t4 ,mat]ial = ,religion ,x surely w n be misund]/ood if a layman %\ld call to m9d t ! g5ius ( ,*ri/ianity is its p]5nial ,gospel--j good news--to ! poor1 ! brok5 9 life's /ruggle4 ,if a fitt] multitude ?an ^! t5ants = ! good tid+s ( ! ,*ri/ c be f\nd on ! face ( ! e>?1 ,i w\ld l to le>n ( !m4 ,! ord9>y life ( ^! outca/s1 ^! w&]]s f spot to spot seek+ ! sun t refuses to %9e1 has precisely all ( ^? breakd[ns :i* ! ,*ri/ian religion promises to repair--pov]ty1 invalidism1 dea?1 s94 ,x seems to me t ^! p>iahs are j naturally made to ord] = ! k9d ( religion t ! ,am]ican *ur* has to (f]2 b z ,i see x1 & ,i h look$ ?is ?+ 9 ! face f angle aft] angle1 !y hav5't got a gho/ ( a %[ at x ! way ! *ur* sy/em ( ! c\ntry at pres5t works out4 ,speak+ /raight f ! %\ld]1 ! devil w9s1 unless--,& :]e is ! p]son :o w rise & "n ! great 8unless0 t c fix ?is *ur* sy/em up & set ! heel ( ! *ur* on ,satan's neck8 ,! hi/ory ( ! *ur*1 runn+ back ?r\gh ! c5turies1 is1 z ,i read x1 dott$ ) awak5+s1 ) ! rise ( a ?\ght1 ( a hope-dream1 ) ! rise ( a man :o out ( ! v fog & blackness ( popul> wayw>dness1 wantonness1 unbelief1 depravity1 has /ood up & successfully d5i$ t human life mu/ be all to ! /rong & t ! poor mu/ live unillum9$4 ,?is has be5 ! type ( man :o has lit ! tor* ( love & solicitude & fai? 9 ! _w t has light$ ! race g5]ation aft] g5]ation4 ,is ?is n ! "t 9 ! life ( ! ,am]ican *ur* & ?is ! occasion 9 ,am]ica = su* a man to arise & call a halt ^u ! det\r ( ! *ur* ar\nd ! f>m t5ant8 ,,*apt] ,,iv 8,hirel+60 ,a s\r epi!t to h& a prea*]2 b ! ^w is n m9e4 ,look at x1 if y w1 9 its orig9al sett+ & judge = y\rself3 8,i am ! good %eph]d2 ! good %eph]d give? 8 life = ! %eep4 ,b he t is an hirel+1 & n ! %eph]d1 ^: own ! %eep are n1 see? ! wolf com+1 & leave? ! %eep1 & flee?4444 ,! hirel+ flee?1 because he is an hirel+1 & c>e? n = ! %eep40 ,s spake ! ,man ( ,sorr[s1 :o1 z he w5t ab\t prea*+ ! ,gospel ( ! ,k+dom1 spake z nev] man spake4 ,& n9ete5 c5turies ( unbrok5 ,*ri/ian usage look d[n ^u 8pa/or & flock0 z an almo/ p]fect *>act]ization ( prea*] & p>i%4 ,pass+ quickly ?r\gh ! gateway lead+ up to ! por* ( my tale1 let me 9 a few words tak5 f 8,t[n & ,c\ntry ,*ur* 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates10 set be=e y ! pa/or-&-flock-h>d-luck /ory 9 rural ,am]ica3 8,! total numb] ( communities )9 ! t[n 7t[n ref]s to places ( #e1jjj p or less7 & c\ntry area is #gc1bcj40 8,!re are #cc1hjh communities1 or #db p] c5t4 ( ! total numb]1 t h *ur*es1 b d n h )9 !m any resid5t pa/ors40 8,x w\ld require #cd1aha m m9i/]s giv+ _! full "t to ! "w ( ! m9i/ry to provide "o = ea* community1 if !y 7 ev5ly di/ribut$40 8,! great advantage ( ! t[n ov] ! village1 & ( bo? t[n & village ov] ! c\ntry1 9 ! matt] ( resid5t pa/ors1 is a *>act]i/ic ( all regions & ( virtually all c\nties4 ,?us1 :ile #gh out ( e #ajj t[n *ur*es h resid5t pa/ors1 & #fj out ( e #ajj village *ur*es1 only #ag out ( e #ajj c\ntry *ur*es h !m1 & less ?an #e out ( e #ajj c\ntry *ur*es h full-"t resid5t pa/ors40 ,9 a nut%ell1 ?is is ! +lori\s fact3 #cj1jjj flocks 9 rural ,am]ica h no %eph]ds4 ,?irty ?\s& rural flocks are op5 to ! wolf--because 7= x s appe>s7 ,am]ican prea*]s c>e n = c\ntry %eep4 ,s5t5c$ to ,purgatory ,an em95t rural-life lead] a few weeks ago came back f a c\ntry-life conf]5ce ( rural m9i/]s1 report+ t ^! m9i/]s _h a say+ among !m1 8,a c\ntry *>ge 7pa/orate7 is a s5t5ce to purgatory40 ,?is report s\nds l a piece ( cl]ical humor2 grim1 maybe1 b h>mless & mean+ no?+4 ,w\ld to ,god ?is 7 true6 ,!n p]haps ! picture ( ^! #cj1jjj %eph]dless flocks might turn out to be only a nightm>e4 ,i tri$ to %ake ! ?+ out ( my m9d2 b imm$iately ! long l9e ( my m9i/]ial acqua9tances pass$ unwill+ly be=e me2 & ,i solemnly affirm t1 ) a few pr9cely exceptions1 ^! m5 aft] be+ plung$ into _! m9i/ry1 com+ up = air1 z x 71 fac$ t[>d ! city p>i% z fl[]s turn t[>d ! light2 f ! c\ntry1 !y /ruck out = ! village2 f ! village1 !y /ruck out = ! t[n2 f ! t[n1 !y /ruck out = ! city2 f ! city1 !y /ruck out = ! metropolis4 ,! ,prea*]'s ,flight ,! m ,i /ruggl$ to free myself f a conclusion on ?is matt]1 ! deep] into conviction ,i sank4 ,i recall$1 mu* aga9/ my incl9ation1 a bad half-h\r sev]al ye>s ago at ! headqu>t]s ( "o ( ! great religi\s bodies ( ,am]ica4 ,! occasion 0 ! meet+ ( ! ,national ,social ,s]vice ,commission ( t d5om9ation4 ,i _h j f9i%$ read+ a report1 :i* express$ ! idea t we might look =w>d to ! day :5 c\ntry p>i%es w\ld be put up 9 packages conta9+ p en\gh support+ "o *ur*1 s t *ur*es 9 ! c\ntry w\ld be z p[]ful1 m9i/]s 9 ! c\ntry w\ld be z influ5tial1 z city *ur*es1 on ! "o h&1 & city m9i/]s on ! o!r4 ,a capta9 ( city indu/ry 0 a memb] ( ! commission4 ,dur+ my pap]1 h&s 9 pockets1 he pac$ ! floor up & d[n--some:at to my discomfiture z ,i recall4 ,:5 ,i conclud$ read+1 he broke out )3 8,bo%6 ,all bo%6 ,! c\ntry *ur* w always be ( little acc\nt4 ,x gets culls = m9i/]s--x always has2 x always w4 ,j z ,i left ! f>m = ! city to improve my lot1 s e c\ntry m9i/] :o c w leave ! c\ntry p>i% = ! city p>i% to improve 8 lot40 ,t ,i suff]$ a %ock z if by lightn+ may easily be imag9$4 ,! /eel-blue tone ( ?is man did some?+ to my he>t2 did some?+ to my fai? 9 human nature h>d to def9e4 ,?is capta9 ( indu/ry--& ,i suspect t ?is is :at did ! damage--nev] seem$ to "q ! legitimacy ( ! prea*]'s flight4 ,repres5t+1 z he did1 ! lead+ laym5 ( 8 d5om9ation1 quietly accept+ ! exodus ( c\ntry prea*]s z p]fectly normal--because runn+ true to ! economics ( good bus9ess in/9ct--he appall$ me ) 8 cynicism4 ,& x took me _m a mon?1 ,i confess1 to get back my belief 9 humank9d4 ,b x came back1 & came back /rong 9 ! foll[+ mann]3 ,ar\nd ! ,glov]'s ,cot ,by accid5t1 "o summ]1 ,i made a f9d2 9 "o ( ! #cj1jjj pa/orless p>i%es1 a man ly+ prone on a cot2 ! cot /&+ on a /one-boat2 ! /one-boat ly+ close to a deep pool 9 ! b5d ( a little riv]1 9 ! %ade ( a great elm-tree2 ! man all alone1 flat on 8 back1 sil5tly :ipp+ ! tr\t-pool ) 8 fly4 ,i came to believe 9 ?is helpless fi%]man1 & aga9 all ?+s good & beautiful seem$ possible4 ,i got ! /ory f 8 si/]1 b c give only h9ts ( x "h4 ,z a boy on ! f>m he _h made up 8 m9d to get an education4 ,at sixte5 he 0 look+ =w>d impati5tly to beg9n+ 8 c\rses ( /udy1 :5 "o day 9 ! woods a tree :i* ! m5 folks 7 cutt+ d[n fell on him & broke 8 back4 ,he nev] walk$ aga91 nor1 9 fact1 ev] aga9 sat up4 ,doom$ to lie on 8 back1 all 8 hopes blight$1 he ask$ = some?+ to d ) 8 h&s4 ,!y gave him ne$le & ?read1 %e>s & a piece ( bucksk94 ,he made a pair ( clumsy bucksk9 gloves4 ,he made a less clumsy pair4 ,he made pair aft] pair1 bett] & /ill bett]4 ,!n doz5s ( pairs1 until 8 skill built up a small bus9ess4 ,b 8 ambition m\nt$ ) success1 & he ask$ :e!r he c\ldn't /udy some?+4 8,c't ,i /udy law80 he plead$4 ,!y got him law-books4 ,he read law1 he made bucksk9 gloves2 he made gloves1 he read law4 ,he 0 admitt$ to ! b>4 ,he became ju/ice-(-!-peace 9 8 backwoods settlem5t4 ,m5 got to com+ = miles to ! glov]'s cot to tell _! tr\bles & look into 8 deep eyes1 he> 8 c\nsel1 & feel 8 glad h&4 ,he 0 a real peacemak] "u ! guise ( a lawy]4 ,8 e?ics back$ up to & re/$ ^u ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt4 ,he b\ght l&1 hir$ x till$1 built himself a bett] h\se1 & settl$ into ! "* ( a c\ntry squire4 ,he 0 ( ! little *ur* flock1 & ! re/ ( ! flock came to set great /ore by 8 good s5se1 8 :olesome *e]1 indomitable activity1 &1 )al1 8 /raight reliance on ,god4 ,9 fact1 ! helpless glov]'s dwell+ 0 ! meet+-place = ! flock ab\t z (t5 z ! *ur* build+2 = ev]ybody said1 8,we get new /r5g? to keep a-go+ :5 we meet ar\nd ! cot40 ,! ,mod]n ,wolf a ,playful ,cub8 ,see h[ ,i got back my fai?8 ,! prone fi%]man on 8 /one-boat 0 a gods5d to me4 ,i saw t p]sonal life is s ri* t no "o c be brok5 9 body to ! po9t :]e1 9 case he 8laye? d[n 8 life = ! %eep10 he w be mak+ a mean gift4 ,i half suspect t ,god raises up out ( ! gr\nd1 z x 71 9 _m ( ^! pa/orless communities a proxy = ! p>son t1 behold+ ! wolf1 leave? ! %eep & flee? to ! city--a proxy1 l ! glov]-lawy]1 :o is no quitt]4 ,& 9 "s p>i%es :]e ! prea*] /ill /icks 78 face set1 h[ev]1 t[>d ! city7 ,i fancy a man or a woman or a *ild c be f\nd :o is navely sc>+ (f ! wolf4 ,norris ,%ep>dson 0 su* a man4 ,f>m]1 poet1 ref9$ _s1 he w5t ab\t 8 "w mak+ ev]ybody believe t a new day is fre% f ,god4 ,ambrose ,brimm]1 a memb] ( ! community1 didn't happ5 to be mu* ( a *ur*man1 & 8 ,sunday haymak+ teas$ ! p>son mightily4 ,i rememb] well "o p]fect tr\t day1 :5 ,ambrose 0 %[+ me ! holes 9 a /ream /range to my rod1 t we got to talk+ ab\t prea*]s4 8,i don't c>e a damn if ! p>son does see me hay+ on ,sunday10 said ,ambrose2 8b if ,i get a sight ( ,norris ,%ep>dson driv+ up ! road1 ,i sk$addle & hide1 y bet6 ,y "k ,norris ,%ep>dson4 ,well1 ,norris ,%ep>dson is a ,*ri/ian & no quack40 ,& ,ambrose 0 "r4 ,norris ,%ep>dson 0 a ,*ri/ian f 8 eyela%es to 8 f+]-tips2 & 8 sweet belief 9 y put y /raightway "u obligation to goodness :5 he ca/ a glance y\r way4 ,x is probably true t ,i h be5 some?+ ( a mod]n-life fan4 ,b :5 ,i try to ?9k ( ! ,ma/]'s p>ables ( ! %eph]d1 ! %eep1 & ! wolf1 & ( ! "o %eep t 0 lo/ :ile ! n9ety & n9e 7 safe 9 ! fold1 ,i confess t ,i am tr\bl$ ab\t my mod]n-life philosophy4 ,are mod]n %eep any ! less 9 ne$ ( a d[nright %eph]d because !y are mod]n8 ,isn't !re a wolf any long] 9 times t are mod]n8 ,or may he p]haps be j a playful cub8 ,or possibly1 by ?is "t1 a too?less1 pla91 dodd]+ bea/l+8 ,has ! age ( l(ty h]oism 9 religion--! age ( %e] contempt ( "s ( ! traditional goods ( life--clean pass$ away8 ,& does economics furni% ! bett] clue 9 mod]n days to ^? :o are call$ ( ,god to prea*8 ,d we ne$ any #cj1jjj m prea*]s 9 ! c\ntry tr5*es8 ,d we ne$ any %ock troops at all8 ,isn't x p]fectly or?odox pacifism 9 ^! days = all ! pick$ soldi]s 9 ! w> on ! devil to fall back into com=table w9t] qu>t]s8 ,side-/epp+ ! ,law ( ,hire ,i try to f9d my answ] to ^! tr\bl+ qu]ies 9 a glance d[n ! c5turies4 ,!re are ! b>efoot ,black ,fri>s ( ,dom9ic & ! ,gray ,fri>s ( ,francis ( ,assisi 7him :o took pov]ty = 8 bride7 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury4 ,!y glori$ 9 mean clo!s1 mean %elt]1 mean food1 z !y m9i/]$ out ( _! own pov]ty to ! poor1 ! ov]look$1 ! no-acc\nts 79 cities1 !n1 because ! troop ( com=table p>sons 7 fatt5+ 9 ! popul> c\ntry di/ricts74 ,!re are ! vision>ies & en?usia/s3 ,john ,bunyan 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury2 ,john & ,*>les ,wesley 9 ! eighte5?4 ,9 ! v face ( ! pl5tiful1 complac5t cl]gy1 !y f\ght ! wolf z if !y _h be5 apo/les liv+ 9 ! fir/ c5tury4 ,!re is ,jean ,fr$]ick ,ob]l91 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 :o prote/$1 8,i d n wi% to labor 9 "s com=table pa/oral *>ge :]e ,i c be at ease4 ,i want a "w to d :i* no "o else wi%es to d1 & :i* w n be done unless ,i d x40 ,ob]l9 _h j won 8 degree ( ,doctor ( ,philosophy at ! ,univ]sity ( ,/rasburg1 at a "t :5 ,/rasburg 0 a city ( ,france4 ,8 8call0 to pa/oral duty came all ( a sudd5 ) ! w9d ( a ,febru>y ev5+ ru%+ 9 at ! door z a /rang] /epp$ into ! b>e room4 ,/ruck ) ! pov]ty ( ! place1 ,pa/or ,/ub] introduc$ himself4 ,be>d's translation f ! ,fr5* pres5ts u ) ! picture3 8,i h le>n$ ab\t y1 ,h]r ,ob]l94 ,y\r "n has be5 m5tion$ to me z "o :o does n foll[ ! beat5 pa?s ( m9i/]ial c&idates4 ,y h /udi$ surg]y & m$ic9e4 ,y h a k ( botany & h]bs4 ,is ?is n s80 8,9 my leisure h\rs ,i h paid "s att5tion to botany1 to blood-lett+1 & ! exp]i5ces ( ! anatomical room10 repli$ ,ob]l94 8,w y be k9d en\gh to expla9 to me :at ?is little pan means t ,i see "h by y\r lamp80 ask$ ,/ub]4 ,a deep blu% ran ov] ,ob]l9's face4 8,p>don ! cook+1 ,h]r ,pa/or4 ,i take my d9n] ) my p>5ts1 & ,i br+ away "s bread :i* my "m gives me4 ,at eight o'clock ,i put ?is little pan ov] my lamp1 place my bread 9 x1 ) a little wat] & salt4 ,!n ,i g on ) my /udies40 8,y are my man60 exclaim$ ,/ub]1 ris+ f 8 *air4 8,y live on ! diet ( ,lac$mon4 ,yes1 y are my man4 ,i see y d n und]/& me2 b ,i h got my man1 & ,i %all n let y g4 ,i want y = ! pa/or%ip ( ,waldba* 9 ! ,ban-de-la-,ro*e4 ,!re a hundr$ poor & wret*$ families 9 want ( ! bread ( life2 f\r or five hundr$ to %eph]d & to save1 poor1 wret*$1 fri5dless40 ,ob]l9's he>t 0 9 a tumult4 ,?is 0 j ! field ( labor he _h wi%$4 ,b :at ( ! difficulties8 8,! p>i% mu/ be 9 a v cold region10 sugge/$ ,ob]l94 8,my de> ,ob]l91 ,i d n wi% to exagg]ate any?+4 ,six mon?s ( w9t]2 at times ! cold ( ! ,baltic2 sometimes a w9d l ice comes d[n f ! m\nta9-tops above2 ! sick & dy+ are to be visit$ 9 remote1 wild1 solit>y places 9 ! =e/s40 8,& ! p>i%ion]s1 are !y well dispos$80 inquir$ ,ob]l94 8,n too mu* s1 n too mu*4 ,!y are frightfully ignorant & untractable1 & pr\d ( _! ignorance4 ,x is an iron-head$ p1 a population ( ,cyclops40 ,ob]l9 0 tak+ 9 ! situation4 ,he sl[ly lift$ 8 l>ge blue eyes & ask$3 8,y say mo/ ( ! p>i%ion]s are extremely poor8 ,are !re res\rces to aid ! poor80 8,! p>i%ion]s h no?+4 ,f\r di/ricts ev5 poor] ?an ! "m p>i% are to be s]v$4 ,n a s+le practicable road4 ,deep mud-holes among ! cab9s4 ,! p1 ab&on$ to indiff]5ce1 h n ! lea/ conc]n to meliorate _! condition40 8,e "o ( y\r words has knock$ at ! door ( my he>t l ! bl[s ( a hamm]10 said ,ob]l94 ,& x 0 settl$ t ,ob]l9 w\ld g to ! m\nta9s2 & on ,m>* #cj1 #agfg1 9 8 tw5ty-sev5? ye>1 ,ob]l9 arriv$ at ,waldba*4 ,no s+le piece ( lit]ature equals ! /ory ( ,jean ,fr$]ick ,ob]l9's pa/orate 9 ! ,ban-de-la-,ro*e z an int]pretation ( a c\ntry m9i/]'s social1 economic1 & religi\s relation to 8 p>i%4 ,ov]ture aft] ov]ture came to him dur+ ! ye>s to give up 8 labori\s c>es 9 ! hills & take *>ge ( a *ur* :]e cultur$ life w\ld br+ ) x sup]ior advantages1 great] recogniz$ honor1 & a satisfactory sal>y4 ,8 answ] 0 ! same to all3 8,no1 ,i w nev] leave ?is flock4 ,god has confid$ ?is flock to me4 ,:y %\ld ,i ab&on x80 ,& 9 t out-(-!-way p>i% he play$ ! %eph]d & ! man = nigh on to sixty ye>s4 ,l ! ,v5]able ,b$e 9 ! eigh? c5tury1 he di$ ) ! %eph]d's crook 9 8 h&4 ,prea*]s' ,alibis ,pass ,inspection ,n[ tell me1 0 ,ob]l9--rememb] he is only a hundr$ ye>s away f our "t--temp]am5tal & absurdly h]oic8 ,0 ! n9ete5?-c5tury wolf any less t5d] ) ! n9ete5?-c5tury flock ?an ! fir/-c5tury wolf ) ! fir/-c5tury flock8 ,is ! mod]n 8_w-!-fle%-&-!-devil0 j a bugaboo to fright5 *ildr58 ,is mod]n s9 a :it] /a9 on ! s\l & m easily wa%$ out ?an 9 any previ\s c5tury8 ,x w\ld take a brav] man ?an ,i am to *ampion mod]n life to su* l5g?s4 ,^! #cj1jjj runaway ,am]ican prea*]s1--!y all h good reasons = runn+4 ,z alibis g1 !y are p]fect--humanly speak+4 ,i h (t5 he>d ! recital3 8,easi] life = ! wife10 8education = ! *ildr510 8an ,am]ican /&>d ( liv+10 8cong5ial p>i%10 8books10 8travel10 8art10 8great] opportunity = s]vice40 ,j su* reasons z bank]s1 cl]ks1 tea*]s1 m]*ants give = _! economic movem5ts--to bett] !mselves1 foll[+ ! law ( hire4 ,& nobody prote/s2 = nobody is 9 a position to prote/1 z ! law ( hire seems to regulate ! life ( all4 ,! prote/--! only great prote/--comes ev]la/+ly up f ! fir/ c5tury3 8,a c]ta9 scribe came1 & said unto ,him1 ,ma/]1 ,i w foll[ ,!e :i!rsoev] ,?\ goe/4 ,& ,jesus sai? unto him1 ,! foxes h holes1 & ! birds ( ! air h ne/s2 b ! ,son ( man ha? n :]e to lay 8 head40 ,! ,plight ( ,him ,:o ,/ays ,! prea*] t /icks by ! f>m community takes pot-luck ) ! f>m] himself2 & ! socio-economic plight ( ! f>m] has _h front-page head-l9es s9ce ! "t ( ,presid5t ,!odore ,roosevelt4 ,to-day1 9 ! "t ( ,presid5t ,calv9 ,coolidge1 ^? head-l9es h become bigg] & black]4 ,! f>m]'s doll>1 mean:ile1 has become small & weak4 ,8 taxes h ris5 ov]night l a spr+ fre%et4 ,8 debts />e him 9 ! face4 ,8 *ildr5 are =sak+ him = ! high wages & high life ( ! city4 ,he _c pay ! wages ( labor 9 competition ) automobile factories4 ,! f>m]'s social sy/em 9 ,am]ica has brok5 d[n "u ! /ra9 ( new =ces4 ,he ne$s ! social help ( m5 & wom5 :o w %>e 8 life1 8 privations1 8 hopes & fe>s4 ,b !y are to be m5 & wom5 :o see ! f>m]'s plight &1 giv+ !mselves to ! task1 /ruggle to organize a mod]n rural social sy/em4 ,x is fruitless "h to recite ! tale ( an und]paid c\ntry cl]gy1 ) its sequel ( a socially visionless1 untra9$ set ( hone/ p>sons2 fruitless to po9t out h[ d5om9ational /rife has cut d[n ! prea*]'s sal>y to less ?an a liv+ wage4 ,true1 ! c\ntry p>son has 8 pov]ty1 & ne$s n to take any extra 8v[ ( pov]ty40 ,?is sort ( ?+ w g on & on until !re is a "r-ab\t on ! "p ( ^? prea*]s :o flee ! c\ntry z if x 7 ! plague4 ,/rong m5 ( social vision1 m5 :o h come to und]/& ! f>m]'s social & economic plight1 mu/ turn _! back on ! city1 & take up labors = ! c\ntry flock4 ,a ,new ,type ( ,tra9+ ,s*ool ,b w !re ev] be su* a "r-ab\t-face ( virile1 holy m5 until we h 9 ,am]ica a new type ( !ological sem9>y = ! tra9+ ( c\ntry-b\nd m9i/]s ( ,*ri/8 ,i d\bt x4 ,! pres5t s*ools ( tra9+ are city-set1 city-wise1 city-satisfi$2 n b t a score or m ( !m give "s 8rural c\rses02 n b t a trickle ( m5 has />t$ already f !m t[>d ! c\ntry4 ,y c bett] und]/& ! case if ,i 7 to ask :at hope !re w\ld h be5 = agricultural sci5ce1 if total reliance _h be5 plac$ ^u ! great city univ]sities1 ,h>v>d1 ,yale1 ,columbia1 ,*icago1 ,p5nsylvania1 to develop ! practice ( f>m+4 ,ea* ( ^! univ]sities has already made "s notable contribution to agriculture 9 "o =m or ano!r2 b ! great hope ( agriculture lay 9 a f>m+ college1 & =tunately1 ! common s5se ( ?is c\ntry p]ceiv$ ?is tru?4 ,9 l mann]1 ! hope ( ! rural m9i/ry1 9 my e/imation1 lies 9 a rural !ological sem9>y "u ! eaves ( "o ( our great colleges ( agriculture--pref]ably a college ( agriculture 9 close proximity to a great /ate univ]sity4 ,"h is ! f>m]'s intellectual c5t]4 ,"h are ga!r$ m5 & wom5 ( hope = f>m life4 ,"h are ! m5 & wom5 :o h social vision = rural society4 ,9 t\* ) ^! m5 & wom51 "u ! spell ( ! intellig5t hope = ! ,am]ican f>m & f>m]1 a s*ool ( religion c gr[ up :i* w tra9 m5 to g into ! c\ntry & help r$eem x f its pres5t social *aos4 ,!y c c>ve out community *ur*es ( di/9ction4 ,!y c create a l9e ( su* *ur*es1 :olly 9 rural t]ritory1 :i* w furni% /eps ( promotion = ! mo/ /r5u\s & ambiti\s pa/ors4 ,flight is n ! cure ( ! plight ( c\ntry p>sons4 ,! cure is r intellig5t consecration to ! c\ntry flocks4 ,,*apt] ,v 8,b10 w5t on ! au?or ( ,*ri/ian idealism1--m9d y1 9 ! same brea? 9 :i* ,he _h paid to ,8 foll[]s ! sup]b complim5t1 8,ye are ! salt ( ! e>?10--8if ! salt h lo/ its savor--0 ,& ! /ory ( ,prote/ant home missions 9 rural ,am]ica dur+ ! la/ two or ?ree decades has 9 x ! ta/e ( ?is 8lo/ savor40 ,let me lay b>e be=e y1--) ! %ame ( a *ur*man v mu* emb>rass$1 x mu/ be confess$1--n s mu* ! facts ( ?is unsavory home-mission /ory1 = ! facts h be5 public prop]ty = "s ye>s1 z an int]pretation ( ! facts & an appraisal ( ! damage done to ,am]ican *ur*dom4 ,= ! b5efit ( him :o does n und]/& ! situation at all1 a ^w is necess>y4 ,"h is ! picture1 & "h are ! ess5tial features 9 ! picture1 :atev] v>iations !re may be 9 m9or details4 ,twice ,too ,_m ,*ur*es ,a community ( rural folk ( a def9ite population is spread out be=e y4 ,*ri/ian *ur*es1 usually f two to t5 9 numb]1 are alive1 if n all go+ conc]ns 9 ! community4 ,:atev] diff]5ces !re may be 9 ! memb]%ip rolls--& ( c\rse we %all expect _m po9ts ( diff]5ce "h--or 9 ! numb] ( s]vices p] week or p] mon?1 or 9 ! pres5ce or abs5ce ( resid5t pa/ors1 or 9 ! organization ( ! *ur*es into ,sunday-s*ools1 mission societies1 clubs1 social committees & ! l--:atev] ! v>iations may be1 ,i say1 ! numb] ( p]sons 9 ! community1 c\nt+ e s+le s\l1 is f> %ort ( en\gh to man all ( ! *ur*es1 use any reputable /&>d ( *ur* organization y please to measure by4 ,fur!rmore1 9 ! type community 9 "q1 "s or all ( ! *ur*es are weak & ineffective1 if n virtually d[n & out4 ,moreov]1--& ?is is ! c5tral feature ( ! picture1--"o *ur* is1 or sev]al or all ( ^! *ur*es are1 receiv+ subsidies 9 ! =m ( money f ! home-mission funds ( ! respective d5om9ational /ate body or national body or bo?1 ! sum ( money be+ j en\gh to keep ! p>ticul> *ur* competitively 9 ! runn+ 9 t community4 ,! ess5tial fact 9 ?is situation may be /at$ ?us3 ,9 a community :]e !re is kn[n to be a mass ( p]sons 79 comm]cial p>lance1 8volume ( bus9ess07 suffici5t to build & ma9ta9 only f "o to five *ur*es1 !re are actually f\nd to be f two to t52 & ! excess ( *ur*es ov] & above ! numb] :i* ! volume ( bus9ess ju/ifies is ! direct result ( ! injection ( home-mission money into ! community4 ,veil$ ,hate ,x does n require a clev] m9d to "k :at w happ54 ,:5 f two to t5 k]nels ( corn are plant$ 9 a piece ( soil :i* has nutritive elem5ts suffici5t to br+ only f "o to five /alks to maturity1 we "k t a /ruggle = life is on :i* may doom "o /alk1 sev]al /alks1 or ev5 all /alks4 ,x is s ) ! competitive *ur*es2 b ! corn simile fails to illu/rate ! case at ! really tragic po9t4 ,! subsidiz$ *ur*es1 :i* make up ! r$undance1 create 9 ! community :at is kn[n by ev]ybody !re to be a case ( veil$ malignancy4 ,self-respect+ p]sons ei!r hold !mselves alo( f =mal religion !re1 or1 consci5ce-/rick51 /& helplessly bewild]$1 or 9 pla9 disgu/ !y pick up & leave4 ,& ! community turns s\r4 ,! salt has lo/ its savor4 ,if y w\ld s5se ! disa/] ( ?is competition1 please read betwe5 ! l9es ( ! foll[+ resolution1 pass$ )9 ! la/ ye>1 by a m9i/]'s association 9 a small rural community :]e six ,prote/ant *ur*es are brea?+ ! air t is h>dly en\gh = ?ree6 8,:]eas we are jo9$ toge!r z ,*ri/ian m9i/]s 9 ! association ( bro!rly fell[%ip & helpful co-work+1 we h]eby agree t ! foll[+ pr9ciples %all guide & control u individually1 &1 s f> z our prop] influ5ce c g1 our sev]al congregations 9 our mutual relation%ips4444 ,i4 ,t we decl9e & disc\rage proselytiz+ 9 any =m4 ,,ii4 ,:ile we recognize t e man is free to wor%ip :]e & z he wills1 yet we realize t %ift+ f "o d5om9ation to ano!r save f absolute religi\s conviction is n edify+1 b h>mful4 ,:]e=e1 we w n enc\rage ^? :o f pique or tempor>y dissatisfaction ) m9i/]s or p ( _! own local congregations wi% to unite ) ours4 ,,iii4 ,t we w n1 save 9 exceptional cases1 receive into our ,sunday-s*ools z regul> memb]s !re(1 *ildr5 ( families :o are affiliat$ ) o!r congregations ( ! t[n4 ,,iv4 ,t :5ev] we come across new-com]s to ! t[n :o are affiliat$ )1 or decl>e pref]5ce =1 "s ,*ri/ian body o!r ?an our own we w n 7if ! *ur* ( _! *oice be repres5t$ by a congregation "h7 ask !m to unite ) our congregation or s5d _! *ildr5 to our ,sunday-s*ool until we h giv5 to ! m9i/] or *ur* (ficials ( ! *ur* ( _! pref]5ce ! "n & address ( su* p]sons1 & all[$ reasonable opportunity = !m to claim _! own40 ,x is cle> on ! face ( x t ! recogniz$ pr9ciples ( ,*ri/ianity h fail$ to keep ^! *ur*es sweet to "o ano!r2 & resort is1 !re=e1 _h to a contract--a p]fectly human docum5t ( agreem5t1 su* z gov]ns s9n]s 9 mundane bus9ess--9 hope t an-out-&-out b>ga9 may accompli% :at ,*ri/ian love c n4 ,^! m9i/]s agree n to proselytize1 n to enc\rage lift+ memb]s f ano!r *ur*1 n to receive *ildr5 into ! ,sunday-s*ool f families ( ano!r flock1 n to pick up new-com]s )\t adv]tis+ !m & wait+ a reasonable l5g? ( "t = a claimant4 ,?is docum5t ( 8nots0--( ?+s n to be done--navely uncov]s ! teas+ ?+s t 7 done beh9d curta9s4 ,disp5s+ ,) ,mission ,aid ,be=e read+ fur!r1 y w wi% to "k :e!r !re is mu* ( ?is sort ( ?+ go+ on 9 rural ,am]ica2 :e!r1 9 fact1 x is n fuss+ ov] trifles to beckon anybody to look at ?is ?+4 ,! be/ au?orities1 aft] a long /udy on ?is subject1 are quot$ z e/imat+ t ! am\nt ( ,prote/ant home-mission money annually wa/$ 9 competitive religion 9 rural communities is at pres5t #c1jjj1jjj2 & if we may g5]alize f tw5ty-five ?or\ghly /udi$ c\nties1 widely sep>at$1 :]e !re are #baa *ur*es aid$ by home-mission money1 ( :i* #adi are disa/r\sly competitive1 8mo/ ( ! home-mission aid :i* is n[ grant$ c\ld be )drawn )\t any dang] :atsoev] ( leav+ communities 7rural7 ) inadequate facilities40 ,! (ficial report goes on to say1 8,aside f any possible loss 9 d5om9ational pre/ige1 :i* a purely objective /udy su* z ?is c n und]take to measure1 on a c>eful exam9ation ( all ! data at h&1 x seems t #adi ( ! #baa aid$ *ur*es 9 ^! c\nties might be disp5s$ )1 to ! g5]al advantage ( ! religi\s life 9 _! communities & to ! great] glory ( ! ,k+dom ( ,god40 ,?is ?+1 look at x f any angle y please1 is z ru/ on ! :eat1 a rot 9 ! potato1 a blight on ! pea*-tree1 a boll-weevil 9 ! cotton4 ,god kn[s t ! f>m] already c>ries along en\gh ( a h&icap 9 community matt]s )\t be+ afflict$ ) ?is cank] on 8 religion1 z a discipl9e4 ,x c]ta9ly looks l jump+ on ! man t's d[n4 ,b ?is s9 aga9/ ! f>m] is n ! wor/ ( ! wick$ bus9ess4 ,worse ,?an ,wa/$ ,:at hurts mo/ 9 ?is p>adoxical practice is ! pro/itution ( ! mo/ beautiful gift 9 all religion4 8,missions60 ,! v ^w conjures up angels ( m]cy4 ,x br+s to m9d ! la/ words ( ,*ri/ to 8 disciples & to 8 foll[]s ( all "t4 ,& ?is mission money 7x is n s pa!tic t x sometimes is ! wid['s mite or t x is sometimes e>n$ 9 feebl5ess ) _m a pa97 is ! pure/ money h&l$ by m54 ,x is ! visible sign ( te>s ( long+ = love to gov]n m54 ,missions are ! *ur*'s great romance4 ,:5 out ( ! b>r5ness & weakness ( my little life1 ,i put into ! h&s ( ! *ur* a gift = ! :omsoev]1 9 fai?1 ,i d x ) a pray] t x w help br+ peace to "s s\l1 h>mony to "s family1 bless+ to "s community :i* is beyond my p[] o!rwise to help4 ,to ?9k1 !n1 t ! tip ( y\r pray] & m9e1 ! sweete/ ?+ we c give1 is poison$1 & %ot into a rural community1 !re to hurt--,well ! words are n s mu* want+ to express my indignation & y\rs1 z ! m9d fails to compreh5d h[ su* tactless blund]s c happ54 8,:y d ^! *ur* bodies d ?is wick$ ?+80 y enquire4 ,let ! words ( a high *ur* (ficial ,i once knew convey to y n s mu* ! real reason1 z ! /ate ( m9d out ( :i* ! ?+ gr[s6 8,s long z !re is a family ( our fai? 9 t village1 t family %all h ! sacram5ts ( our fai? m9i/]$ to x40 ,he might j z well h add$1 8ev5 ?\gh ! heav5s fall02 = :at he did 0 to =ce a subsidy into a community to help a small faction ( 8 p>ticul> *ur* to survive :5 ! majority ( ! p1 ev5 ! majority ( 8 own little *ur* organization1 _h vot$ volunt>ily to cut d[n ! numb] ( *ur*es & elim9ate ! unnecess>y "o4 ,! high *ur* (ficial j ripp$ op5 a community sore1 :5 x _h begun to heal4 ,he p\r$ gall 9 aga9 aft] somebody _h sweet5$ community life = a mom5t4 ,a ,new ,religi\s ,e?ics ,betwe5 ,*ur*es ,! egotism ( a p>ticul> *ur* gr\p2 ! flaunt+ individualism ( a p>ticul> d5om9ational comb9ation ( p]sons1 ^: p]sonal egos are1 religi\sly1 to be subject$1 b ^: comb9$ ego is to be exalt$6 ,"h is an un*>t$ sea ( e?ics & religion betwe5 *ur* gr\ps4 ,%all x n be discuss$8 ,especially :5 x gr9ds ! rural community to p[d]8 ,%all x be good ,*ri/ianity = "o ,*ri/ian sect to cr[d & %ove j l a bully 9 a mob8 ,! day & g5]ation is gett+ suspici\s ( pieti/s ( all sorts :o c tell s9n]s h[ to behave individually to "o ano!r2 yes1 :o c ev5 tell ! labor gr\p h[ to behave to ! employ] gr\p & ! employ] gr\p to ! labor gr\p1 b :o h no conception ( :at ,*ri/ian pr9ciples apply z betwe5 "o *ur* gr\p & ano!r *ur* gr\p 9 ! realm ( religion1 except to beat ! o!r *ur* gr\p at all co/s4 ,if ,i 7 n he>t & s\l captur$ by ! "*1 life1 philosophy1 & guidance ( ,jesus himself1 if ,i 7 n ?rill$ by 8 words1 & electrifi$ by 8 life & dea?1 m & m ! old] ,i gr[1 ,i %\ld be tempt$ to see 9 ?is cut?roat gr\p egotism ( competitive ,*ri/ian *ur* gr\ps a decl9e ( ,*ri/ianity itself4 8,!y all d x0 is a lame excuse = s9n]s2 b = a *ur* body1 x is tragic4 ,?9k ( a million p1 m or less1 possess+ "o %ibbole?1 try+ to embody e>ne/ly ! ,*ri/1 :ile delib]ately ham/r++ ano!r ,*ri/ian *ur* body :i* is do+ ! same ?+6 ,b :o is to blame8 ,^: s9 is ?is pro/itution ( a holy ?+8 ,did y ev] happ5 to "k ! (ficials at ! head ( a ,prote/ant *ur* body1 ei!r national or /ate8 ,did y ev] "k ! p]sons :o di/ribute home-mission money aft] x is once collect$8 ,did y ev] get a glimpse ( ! inside8 ,well1 if s1 !n y "k h[ int5sely human ?is situation is4 ,y "k h[ complex are ! =ces t op]ate1 h[ l politics are ! p[]s beh9d ! lock$ doors4 ,y "k !n t :5 y try to track ?is s9n]1 y c't f9d him4 ,nobody does ! ?+4 ,nobody does any?+4 ,nobody is to blame4 ,! ,*ri/ian lead]s are n lead+ on su* matt]s4 ,!y are fight+ ! individual s9s ( ! p4 ,:at w\ld ,am]ica ?9k ( a great ,*ri/ian lead] :o %\ld come out & insi/ t ,*ri/ian *ur*es ought to love1 respect1 def] to o!r ,*ri/ian *ur*es8 ,:at a /ir 9 ,*ri/5dom x w\ld make = a great man c>ry+ 8 own *ur* ) him1 let u say1 to g up & d[n ! l& prea*+ t memb]%ip 9 "o ,*ri/ian *ur* %\ld !reby make u memb]s 9 all ,*ri/ian *ur*es2 prea*+ t we %\ld disc\nt all ! diff]5ces among ,*ri/ian *ur*es & love all ,*ri/ian *ur*es = _! lik5esses8 ,look at ?is /raw3 ,9 ,canada an out/&+ movem5t is ne>+ completion to unite organically ?ree great ,prote/ant bodies1 affect+ m ?an ?ree qu>t]s ( a million ( *ur* memb]s4 ,! daily press rec5tly 9 explanation ( ! union1 c>ri$ ?is item3 8,! ,union _h its orig9 9 ! conviction t _m sep>ate *ur*es ( ea* d5om9ation1 especially 9 ! rural di/ricts1 7 h&icapp$ 9 limit$ memb]%ip & 7 unable to ma9ta9 prop]ly sep>ate build+s & m9i/]s4 ,x is !re=e a "p ( a t5d5cy 9 _m o!r c\ntries to subm]ge religi\s diff]5ces 9 an ef=t at wid] & m effective s]vice40 ,?is looks on ! horizon l ! peep ( dawn ( a new ,*ri/ian day--& :at a dawn = ! rural community t w\ld be6 ,b--le/ we be too sangu9e--t dawn has "s climb to make yet4 ,has n ! ,home ,mission ,c\ncil ( ! ,f$]al ,c\ncil ( ,*ur*es 9 ,am]ica put into practice on ! ,we/]n fronti] = sev]al ye>s pr9ciples ( d5om9ational c\rtesy8 ,h n ! phrases ( _! docum5ts on 8,ov]*ur*+10 8,und]*ur*+10 & 8,wa/eful ,competition0 seep$ v g5]ally ?r\gh\t ! settl$ portions ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z well z into ! fronti]8 ,h n ! ,=eign ,mission ,bo>ds ( ! v>i\s d5om9ations = ye>s ga9$ conspicu\sly ! confid5ce ( _! laym5 by ! intellig5t di/ribution ( t]ritory among ! missions ( diff]5t *ur* bodies abroad8 ,! fact is & mu/ be reckon$ ) t all ! words & phrases & ideas & logic on ?is subject1 pro & con1 h be5 b&i$ ab\t until !y are almo/ ?readb>e4 ,! w to d1 h[ev]1 is /ill v /ubborn 9 old1 e/abli%$ communities4 ,,*apt] ,,vi 8,:at is ! diff]5ce betwe5 a /ate univ]sity & an ord9>y univ]sity80 ,a r silly "q1 p]haps2 b ! answ] t came back1 lightn+-l1 gave me ! jolt ( my life1 & incid5tally pick$ out 9 my m9d ! patt]n = ! community *ur*4 ,"h is ! occasion & :at took place3 ,a reception = ! di/+ui%$ reg5ts ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,wiscons9 at ! home ( ! presid5t4 ,9 due "t ,i f\nd myself approa*+ t awful reception l9e1 t]rify+1 inde$1 to me1 a new-com]4 ,sudd5ly ,i became aw>e t ,i 0 %ak+ h&s ) ! presid5t1 ^: newness to ! job ( presid+ ov] a univ]sity _h n entirely worn (f4 ,x 0 up to me to say some?+1 & s1 aft] ! mann] ( a p$agogue1 ,i blurt$ out a "q3 8,mr4 ,presid5t1 w y tell me ! diff]5ce betwe5 a /ate univ]sity & an ord9>y univ]sity80 ,presid5t ,van ,hise didn't hesitate an in/ant ) 8 answ]4 8,i _c speak = all /ate univ]sities10 said he1 8b ?is univ]sity is run n = ! /ud5ts :o happ5 to be "h1 b = ! p]sons :o may nev] see ! univ]sity--ev5 to ! la/ man1 woman1 & *ild 9 ! la/ community ( ! ,/ate40 ,i _h become unconsci\s ( ! reception l9e1 = ,i 0 />tl$ ) an idea =eign to my br++ up1 & ,i mu/ make sure t ,i p]fectly und]/ood4 8,mr4 ,presid5t10 ,i int]rupt$1 8d y mean to say t ! ,univ]sity ( ,wiscons9 is n pr\d ( turn+ out highly develop$ p]sonalities80 8,only z c>ri]s10 ,presid5t ,van ,hise quickly repli$1 9 8 *>act]i/ic j]ky mann]2 8c>ri]s ( ideas & attitudes ev5 to ! isolat$ community & to ! unpromis+ man4 ,! /ud5ts :o are "h are "h1 z x 71 by accid5t4 ,b ! univ]sity is run = ,wiscons9's p at "w40 ,i pass$ on d[n ! l9e1 & ev5tually out into a _w /range to me1 :]e be+ a 8c>ri]0 ( intellectual goods to ! 8isolat$ community0 & to ! 8la/ man0 0 an academic commonplace4 ,f\rte5 ye>s ( t day-by-day commonplace1 h[ev]1 nev] rubb$ (f ! beauty ( its bloom = me2 = "h 0 a univ]sity runn+ at lea/ neck & neck ) *ur* ,*ri/ians 9 love =1--or duty to1 if y pref] x s1--! ,gospel's :omsoev]4 ,hav+ se5 ) my own eyes ^! la/ communities ( a ,/ate quick5$ into intellectual f]vor ?r\gh ! devotion ( univ]sity m5 & wom51 d y ?9k ,i d n "k :at w\ld happ5 to ! spiritual life ( ^! out-(-!-way communities if ! supreme love ( devot$ *ur* m5 & wom5 7 br\ght to be> ^u !m8 ,a ,=eca/ ,f\nd$ on ,fact ,i w v5ture to =eca/ "s ( ! ?+s t w\ld happ54 ,e rural community w\ld h a community *ur*--a *ur* = ! :omsoev]1 ev5 to ! la/ man1 woman1 & *ild 9 t community4 ,if topographically possible1 e su* *ur* community w\ld /ret* ! b\nds ( its p>i% to include a ?\s& s\ls all told4 ,9 communities ( two ?\s& s\ls1 !re w\ld be two *ur*es--two only1 & bo? community *ur*es4 ,9 communities ( ?ree ?\s& s\ls1 !re w\ld be ?ree community *ur*es1 & ?ree *ur*es only1 e *ur*1 a community *ur*2 & no m *ur*es ?an "o to "o ?\s& ( ! community population2 = x takes "o ?\s& ( ! population to ma9ta9 an effectual mod]n *ur*2 & e *ur* is to be a ,*ri/ian community *ur* z a safegu>d aga9/ paganism4 ,b :y am ,i s fooli% z to =etell :at w\ld happ5 :5 ,i c tell :at is happ5+8 ,!re are to-day1 we are told by ^? :o keep in=m$ on ! matt]1 a ?\s& community *ur*es 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 ( :i* ! great] "p are 9 rural t]ritory4 ,9 fact1 x is report$ t new community *ur*es are be+ organiz$ at ! rate1 at pres5t1 ( six a mon?4 ,to say t !re is a community *ur* movem5t well-/>t$ is no exagg]ation4 ,"s ,/ates su* z ,massa*usetts1 ,v]mont1 ,connecticut1 ,ohio1 ,cali=nia1 ,colorado1 ,i[a1 ,ill9ois1 are out/&+ 9 ! movem5t4 ,( c\rse1 ! community *ur* is n yet /&>diz$1 b x is %ap+ up4 ,to affirm t !re are ?ree types1 z "s say1 or five1 z o!rs put x1 is m or less arbitr>y4 ,/ill1 = ! sake ( ! man :o und]/&s bett] by types1 ,i may say t "s community *ur*es l to be kn[n z hav+ arriv$ at ! community ideal by 8f$]ation0 ( two or m d5om9ational *ur*es1 ! new *ur* pres]v+ connection ) a national *ur* body4 ,o!r community *ur*es pride !mselves on be+ 8union0 *ur*es1 ea* hav+ orig9at$ f ! organic union ( two or m *ur*es1 or hav+ be5 e/abli%$ z a 8union0 *ur* 9 a community possess+ no *ur*1 b conta9+ families ( v>i\s d5om9ational connections 9 ! pa/4 ,! union *ur* once =m$ usually /&s alone1 )\t any d5om9ational affiliation4 ,!n !re is ! regul> 8d5om9ational0 *ur*1 :i* ei!r j happ5s to be or has come purposely to be ! only *ur* 9 ! community2 & :i* makes ! boa/ ( exi/+ = ! :ole community r ?an = its p>ticul> d5om9ational gr\p4 ,& !re are o!r v>ieties1 :i* c\ld inde$ be dignifi$ into types1 if we 7 pu%$ to x4 ,! important ?+1 h[ev]1 is t out ( a g5]al unre/ & dissatisfaction ) *ur*es t aim to keep bre$+ up )9 !mselves a highly p$igre$ gr\p ( p]sonalities :i* possess decid$ly exclusive1 if n ari/ocratic1 *>act]i/ics1 h aris5 ov]night1 z x 71 *ur*es :i* admit to ! inn] circle all ! p$igrees & aim at ! democratic ideal ( act+ 9 ! realm ( religion = ! la/ man1 woman1 & *ild 9 ! community4 ,*ur*es = ! ,:omsoev] ,"h we h be=e our v eyes1 !n1 a k9d ( a *ur* :i* is run1 z ,presid5t ,van ,hise said 8 univ]sity 0 run1 n = a select few )9 its walls1 b = ! :omsoev] )9 its own t]ritory2 a *ur* t views e s+le memb] z a 8c>ri]0 ( ! goods ( life to ! la/ man1 r ?an z a preci\s me*anism 9 :i* %\ld be lodg$ all ! my/]ies ( a peculi> cult4 ,look ov] "s ( ! /ories ( ^! *ur*es :i* are confess$ly try+ to f9d _! way to a new expression ( social religion design$ to prev5t ! wa/es ( competitive ,*ri/ianity4 ,"h are ! high po9ts 9 an ,idaho community *ur*3 ,rural1 9 a t[n ( #fjj s\ls4 ,presbyt]ian by connection1 b ) memb]s =m]ly ( sixte5 diff]5t d5om9ations4 ,memb]%ip1 #djj4 ,plant wor? #ej1jjj1 ) eighte5 sep>ate class-rooms = ,sunday-s*ool use4 ,a community h\se1 ) gymnasium4 ,re/ room = wom5 & girls4 ,a week-day *ur* s*ool us+ "o h\r a week ( s*ool "t4 ,9 summ]1 a daily vacation ,bible s*ool4 ,a ,boy ,sc\t troop4 ,a ,campfire ,girls' organization4 ,potato gr[]s & fruit m5 freely us+ ! community hall4 ,high moral /&>ds reflect+ ! unity ( ! p4 ,take ano!r community *ur* ( f>m]s 9 ,i[a1 9 ! op5 c\ntry3 ,an ar*itecturally comm&+ build+1 provid+1 l a well-organiz$ s*ool-h\se1 _m sep>ate rooms = religi\s in/ruction4 ,! *ur* has delib]ately pack$ into its conception ( 8community *ur*0 ! idea t1 assum+ ,*ri/ianity to h contact ) e phase ( liv+1 ! *ur* has responsibility = provid+ ! auspices "u :i* all social activities ( ! community take place4 ,:at m natural1 !n1 ?an t ! ,f\r? ( ,july celebration %\ld be ar\nd ! mo/ beautiful spot 9 ! community1 ! *ur*8 ,f>m]s' ,in/itute 9 ! *ur*8 ,"y p hav+ a place = good times at ! *ur*8 ,a *ur* committee look+ aft] ! matt] ( br++ good families on to f>ms t are = sale or r5t 9 ! community8 ,take a c]ta9 community *ur* 9 ,indiana4 ,"h is ! /ory ( an hone/ /ruggle on ! "p ( f\r *ur* p$igrees to burn _! bridges beh9d !m1 &1 pool+ _! res\rces1 to />t 9 anew4 ,! peculi> traditions ( ea* cult1 h[ev]1 cl+ desp]ately to ea* gr\p1 until1 aft] try+ 9 va9 to c>ry ^! psy*ological contradictions along 9 an artificial unity1 9 a mom5t ( supreme devotion to ! good ( _! community1 !y /rip (f _! trade-m>ks1 =get _! %ibbole?s1 & /ep =w>d into religi\s fre$om4 ,! community-*ur* movem5t is n go+ to create1 ,i surmise1 new sects1 leav+ a residuum ( sev]al m d5om9ations4 ,r x is a real /ep t[>ds ! organic union ( k9dr$ *ur* bodies on ! "o h&1 & s a r$uction ( sects2 & on ! o!r h&1 a /ep t[>ds democratiz+ e *ur* & mak+ x a real community *ur*4 ,! ,rural ,dilemma & ! ,way ,out ,x w require only ano!r ?\s& ( ^! brave1 v5turesome community *ur*es to turn e select-bodi$ d5om9ation to look+ itself ov]4 ,?is self-criticism w lead ! great ,prote/ant *ur* bodies1 let u hope1 to a *ur* consci5ce 9 reg>d to de/ructive *ur* competition4 ,!n x w be an easy /ep to com+ to t]ms ) "o ano!r 9 any locality1 s z to give ! community a *ance to h a community *ur*4 ,! community *ur*1 if we c h any fai? 9 mank9d1 is sure to come along /rong4 ,if high (ficials become ob/ructioni/s1 !y w be swept away2 = ! p1 :5 !y once cle>ly see1 w h _! way 9 *ur*es & religion z 9 ! long run !y d 9 gov]nm5t & politics4 ,! soon] ! great ,prote/ant bodies confess _! s9s ( competition & put _! h\ses 9 ord]1 ! soon] ! new day w come = ! remote community & ! la/ man4 ,"s ( u "k :at x is to be a devotee ( a great *ur* sect4 ,! absolute rightness ( our cult has be5 no m que/ionable ?an our own exi/5ce4 ,:5 our sect 0 9 p>allel columns ) any o!r religi\s sect1 we did n1 c\ld n yield "r ( way4 ,b :5 we are all consci\sly confront$ ) ! problem ( work+ out ! religi\s life ( #cj1jjj1jjj ( isolat$ f>m p1 we wake up to ! fact t we occupy a position :]e cult pride1 cult individualism1 & cult exclusiv5ess break d[n4 ,!n we f9d ourselves 9 a dilemma2 we mu/ leave ! f>m]s to rot1 a ?+ :i* is unque/ionably abhorr5t to our cult2 or we mu/ modify our cult1 a ?+ :i* on ! surface seems a sacrilege to d4 ,b !re is a way out ( e dilemma2 g5]ally1 h[ev] at ! co/ ( a bit ( human pride4 ,! community *ur* %[s ! v>i\s noble *ur* cults "o way out ( ! rural *ur* dilemma4 ,read ^! bold words f a gr\p ( fifty "y ,me?odi/ rural work]s p5n$ to bi%ops3 8,to ! ,bi%ops ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur*3 ,we ! und]sign$ memb]s ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur* appeal to y to give pray]ful consid]ation to ! foll[+ sugge/ions3 #a4 ,t ! bi%ops1 di/rict sup]9t5d5ts1 & o!r adm9i/rative (fic]s ( our d5om9ation cordially cop]ate ) ! lead]s ( o!r d5om9ations 9 an ef=t to s organize rural *ur* geographical units t n m ?an "o ,prote/ant *ur* to e "o ?\s& population %all prevail z a /&>d4 #b4 ,t s]vice to ! community r ?an to ! d5om9ation be ! basis on :i* m9i/]s %all be tra9$1 appo9t$1 & promot$4 #c4 ,t ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur* take ! lead 9 ! give-&-take me?od ) o!r d5om9ations1 ev5 to ! ext5t ( enc\rag+ ! discont9uance ( small1 /ruggl+1 compet+ ,me?odi/ *ur*es 9 ! int]e/ ( rural ,*ri/ian s]vice to ! communities involv$4 #d4 ,t zeal = s]vice to ! entire community & a sympa!tic consid]ation = ^? ^: backgr\nd & tra9+ are non-,me?odi/ %all *>act]ize ! ef=ts ( ! ,me?odi/ ,episcopal ,*ur* :]ev] x alone occupies a rural field4 #e4 ,t ! conf]5ce memb]%ip ( a ,me?odi/ ,episcopal m9i/] %all n be jeop>diz$ by appo9tm5t z pa/or ( a f$]at$ or und5om9ational *ur* :]e su* a *ur* is requir$ = ! l>ge/ s]vice to ! community40 ,!ological /ud5ts & college /ud5ts are n to be outdone by _! eld]s 9 brav]y4 ,read ! foll[+ docum5t = circulation among ! (ficials ( ! v>i\s *ur* bodies--a docum5t :i* s\nds l ! 8fir/ call0 = ! rural community *ur*3 8,we ! rural college /ud5t delegates at ! ,am]ican ,c\ntry ,life ,association ,/ud5t ,conf]5ce believe t ! m9i/] :o s]ves 9 a *ur* :i* has no "r to exi/ loses respect = 8 pr(ession & c n d out/&+ "w2 we believe t our d5om9ational bo>ds :i* appropriate money we give to keep *ur*es go+ 9 ov]*ur*$ communities & :i* s5d lead]%ip into su* communities are only mak+ p feel t ! ideals ( ,*ri/ianity are no high] ?an ^? ( pagan religions4 ,we w\ld apply ! pr9ciples & tea*+s ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,!re=e we recomm5d3 #a4 ,t /ud5ts prep>+ to ent] ! rural m9i/ry refuse to s]ve *>ges 9 ov]*ur*$ communities4 #b4 ,t we1 z rural /ud5ts1 d all 9 our p[] 9 our communities & 9 places ( lead]%ip t we may atta9 to prev5t d5om9ational *ur* bo>ds f p\r+ money & lead]%ip into communities1 :i* is to be us$ to p]petuate d5om9ational /rife t is de/roy+ ! religi\s life ( our communities4 #c4 ,t we pl$ge ourselves to endeavor to sub/itute ! pr9ciples & tea*+s ( ,jesus ,*ri/ = n>r[ d5om9ational cre$s & doctr9es4 ,9 view ( ?is1 we %all try to obta9 an atmosph]e & physical equipm5t ( rural *ur*es1 z well z *ur* s]vices !mselves1 t %all be design$ to meet ! physical1 social1 m5tal1 & spiritual ne$s ( ! p :o wor%ip !re1 reg>dless ( _! d5om9ations40 ,! press c>ries ! /ory t d[n 9 ,georgia five hundr$ f>m]s la/ season d$icat$ an acre ( l& apiece1 ) all x grew1 to ! ,"l4 ,^! pieces ( l& are spok5 ( g5]ally 9 ,georgia z ! 8,"l's ,acres10 & ! 8,"l's ,acre ,plan0 is hail$ z a hundr$ p] c5t4 way to f9ance ! c\ntry *ur*4 ,! /ory goes on to say3 8,f>m]s 9 ! ,s\? are firmly conv9c$ t ! ,"l's ,acre yields bett] crops ?an surr\nd+ l&1 & t ! entire f>m ( ! "o giv+ ! acre is m productive ?an ^? ( 8 neighbors40 ,! ,community ,*ur* z a ,democracy ,! community *ur* /rikes me z a ,"l's ,acre 9 rural ,*ri/5dom be>+ a crop d$icat$ to ,god4 ,&1 if ,i read ! returns aright1 ! comp>ative yield ju/ifies ! belief4 ,x is a *ur* ( ! p--a democracy 9 v tru?4 ,any subtle influ5ce t w\ld t5d to wa% 9 ^u ?is democracy & we> x d[n to a dom9at+ set ( p or to a gr\p ( negligible folk or to a loose aggregation ( nondescripts mu/ be wall$ (f ) re9=c$ concrete4 ,a s+le type ( religi\s temp]am5t w n gov]n ! range & "* ( ! community *ur*4 ,a con/ant sort ( ideals t appeals only to ! s]aphic s\ls or to o!r m9ds only 9 mom5ts ( exalt$ pit* w1 by a natural process ( elim9ation1 soon r$uce ! *ur* to a temp]am5tal sect4 ,no1 ! *ur* is made up ( all temp]am5ts3 ! matt]-(-fact1 active1 & practical2 ! poetic1 s5tim5tal1 imag9ative2 ! /r5u\s2 ! easy-go+2 ! en?usia/ic2 ! petty2 ! anxi\s2 ! g5]\s1 self-d5y+2 ! jolly1 optimi/ic2 ! gloomy1 cons]vative2 ! militant1 crusad+2 ! important2 ! retir+4 ,_! int]e/s1 too--! int]e/s ( ! :ole *ur* are z broad & v>i\s z human nature4 ,a cross-section ( ,*ri/ianity w reveal a t5-?\s& fold v>iegation ( human /reak & human color :]ev] religion has filt]$ into actual life4 ,?is meet+-gr\nd ( all ! high] int]e/s ( ! community w1 !re=e1 be home = ea* int]e/4 ,z no s+le type ( temp]am5t %\ld repulse ! o!rs & %r9k ! *ur*1 s no s+le activity ( ! *ur* %\ld monopolize ! focus ( att5tion4 ,! mission int]e/1 ! ,bible int]e/1 ! educational int]e/1 ! int]e/s social1 musical1 c]emonial1 discipl9>y1 ! evangeli/ic int]e/1 ! civic & indu/rial int]e/1 ! f9ancial int]e/1 ! ideali/ic int]e/1 bo? p]sonal & social--all ^! & ! re/ w h good foot+ 9 ! community *ur*4 ,a *ur* :i* %\ld und]take to be a democracy 9 fact w\ld f9d t !re is only "o way ( 8ma9ta9+ int]e/0 en\gh actually to keep br++ ! p toge!r4 ,?is way is s\nd+ ,god's summons to keep go+ ! r$emption ( its community at e po9t4 ,! summons to def9ite und]tak+s to improve community life is l ! summons to a pione] home/ead] to make a home fit = 8 family4 ,he ge>s 8 h&s to ax & saw1 to pl[ & hamm]1 & he kn[s t he c *ange ! wild]ness4 ,besides /]eotyp$ *ur* proc$ure1 a /eady look at liv+ conditions 9 ! community1 ) ! det]m9$ expectation ( *ang+ ^! conditions = ! bett]2 a look = ! moral clues to :ole wret*$ situations2 a look to dis5tangle f ! *aotic mass s+le1 great1 unmi/akeable moral issues--^! /eady looks1 "u ,god's summons1 mu/ be giv5 anew 9 e g5]ation to ! kaleidoscopic facts ( human life4 ,! *ur* t %all g into ! bus9ess ( becom+ self-consci\s & ( realiz+ its democracy w he> ,god's summons to community r$emption & beg9 to re-scale ! map ( *ur* importance & usefulness 9 ! community on h]oic l9es4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib]'s note ,m9or punctuation errors h be5 *ang$ )\t notice4 ,inconsi/5cies 9 hyph5ation h be5 /&>diz$ :]e appropriate4 ,o!r spell+ has also be5 reta9$ z orig9ally publi%$ except = ! corrections bel[4 ,page #abg3 8p9k$ out 9 my m9d !0 8pick$ out 9 my m9d !0 ,page #add3 8:i* appopriate money we0 8:i* appropriate money we0