,,! ,,prov9cial ,,lett]s ,,( ,,blaise ,,pascal4 ,a ,,new ,,translation ,,) ,,hi/orical ,,introduction ,,& ,,notes1 ,,by ,,! ,,rev4 ,,?omas ,m#8,,crie4 ,,ed9burgh4 ,if my lett]s are condemn$ at ,rome1 t :i* ,i condemn 9 !m is condemn$ 9 heav54--,,pascal4 ,,new ,,york3 ,,rob]t ,,c>t] ,,bro!rs ,no4 #ecj ,,broadway4 ------------------ #ahef4 ,,cont5ts4 ,,page ,,preface1 vii ,,hi/orical ,,introduction1 ix ,,lett] ,i4 ,disputes 9 ! ,sorbonne1 & ! inv5tion ( proximate p[]--a t]m employ$ by ! ,jesuits to procure ! c5sure ( ,m4 ,arnauld1 #fc ,,lett] ,,ii4 ,( suffici5t grace1 :i* turns out to be n suffici5t--,conc]t betwe5 ! ,jesuits & ! ,dom9icans--,a p>able1 #gf ,reply ( 8! ,prov9cial0 to ! fir/ two ,lett]s1 #hh ,,lett] ,,iii4 ,inju/ice1 absurdity1 & nullity ( ! c5sure on ,m4 ,arnauld--,a p]sonal h]esy1 #ij ,,lett] ,,iv4 ,actual grace & s9s ( ignorance--,fa!r ,bauny's ,summ>y ( s9s1 #ajj ,,lett] ,v4 ,design ( ! ,jesuits 9 e/abli%+ a new sy/em ( morals--,two sorts ( casui/s among !m--,a great _m lax & "s sev]e ones--,reason ( ?is diff]5ce--,explanation ( ! doctr9e ( probabilism--,a multitude ( mod]n & unkn[n au?ors sub/itut$ 9 ! place ( ! holy fa!rs--,escob>1 #aaf ,,lett] ,,vi4 ,v>i\s artifices ( ! ,jesuits to elude ! au?ority ( ! gospel1 ( c\ncils1 & ( ! popes--,"s consequ5ces result+ f _! doctr9e ( probability--,_! relaxations 9 favor ( b5efici>ies1 ( prie/s1 ( monks1 & ( dome/ics--,/ory ( ,john d',alba1 #ace ,,lett] ,,vii4 ,me?od ( direct+ ! int5tion adopt$ by ! casui/s--,p]mission to kill 9 def5ce ( honor & prop]ty1 ext5d$ ev5 to prie/s & monks--,curi\s "q rais$ z to :e!r ,jesuits may be all[$ to kill ,jans5i/s1 #aeb ,,lett] ,,viii4 ,corrupt maxims ( ! casui/s relat+ to judges--,usur]s--,! ,contract ,mohatra--,bankrupts--,re/itution--,div] s ridicul\s notions ( ^! same casui/s1 #agj ,,lett] ,,ix4 ,false wor%ip ( ! ,virg9 introduc$ by ! ,jesuits--,devotion made easy--,_! maxims on ambition1 envy1 gluttony1 equivocation1 m5tal res]vations1 female dress1 gam+1 & he>+ mass1 #ahh ,,lett] ,x4 ,palliatives appli$ by ! ,jesuits to ! sacram5t ( p5ance1 9 _! maxims reg>d+ confession1 satisfaction1 absolution1 proximate occasions ( s91 & love to ,god1 #bjf ,,lett] ,,xi4 ,! ,lett]s v9dicat$ f ! *>ge ( pr(an5ess--,ridicule a fair weapon1 :5 employ$ aga9/ absurd op9ions--,rules to be obs]v$ 9 ! use ( ?is weapon--,*>itabl5ess & discretion ( ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s--,specim5s ( g5u9e pr(an5ess 9 ! writ+s ( ,jesuits1 #bbe ,,lett] ,,xii4 ,! quirks & *ican]ies ( ! ,jesuits on ! subjects ( alms-giv+ & simony1 #bdc ,,lett] ,,xiii4 ,fidelity ( ,pascal's quotations--,speculative murd]--,kill+ = sl&]--,fe> ( ! consequ5ces--,! policy ( ,jesuitism1 #bfj ,,lett] ,,xiv4 ,on murd]--,! ,scriptures on murd]--,lessius1 ,mol9a1 & ,layman on murd]--,*ri/ian & ,jesuitical legislation contra/$1 #bgg ,,lett] ,,xv4 ,on calumny--,m4 ,puys & ,fa!r ,alby--,an odd h]esy--,b>efac$ d5ials--,flat contradictions & vague ins9uations employ$ by ! ,jesuits--,! ,capu*9's ,m5tiris impud5tissime1 #bie ,,lett] ,,xvi4 ,calumnies aga9/ ,port-,royal--,port-,royali/s no h]etics--,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran & ,m4 ,arnauld v9dicat$--,sl&]s aga9/ ! nuns ( ,port-,royal--,miracle ( ! holy ?orn--,no impunity = sl&]]s--,excuse = a long lett]1 #cad ,,lett] ,,xvii4 ,! au?or ( ! ,lett]s v9dicat$ f ! *>ge ( h]esy--,! five propositions--,! popes fallible 9 matt]s ( fact--,p]secution ( ! ,jans5i/s--,! gr& object ( ! ,jesuits1 #cda ,,lett] ,,xviii4 ,! s5se ( ,jans5ius n ! s5se ( ,calv9--,resi/ibility ( grace--,jans5ius no h]etic--,! popes may be surpris$--,te/imony ( ! s5ses--,condemnation ( ,galileo--,conclusion1 #cff ,,lett] ,,xix4 ,fragm5t ( a n9ete5? ,prov9cial ,lett]1 address$ to ,pre ,annat1 #cia ,,! ,,translator',s ,,preface4 ,! foll[+ translation ( ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s 0 und]tak5 sev]al ye>s ago1 9 compliance ) ! sugge/ion ( a rev]$ p>5t1 *iefly z a lit]>y recreation 9 a retir$ c\ntry *>ge1 &1 aft] be+ f9i%$1 0 laid aside4 ,x is n[ publi%$ at ! reque/ ( fri5ds1 :o consid]$ su* a "w z peculi>ly seasonable1 & m likely to be acceptable at ! pres5t crisis1 :5 g5]al att5tion has be5 aga9 direct$ to ! popi% controv]sy1 & :5 su* /r5u\s ex]tions are be+ made by ! ,jesuits to rega9 influ5ce 9 our c\ntry4 ,none are /rang]s to ! fame ( ! ,prov9cials1 & few lit]>y p]sons w\ld *oose to confess !mselves altoge!r ignorant ( a "w :i* has acquir$ a _w-wide reputation4 ,yet !re is reason to suspect t few books ( ! same ackn[l$g$ m]it h _h a m limit$ circle ( bona fide ,engli% read]s4 ,?is may be ascrib$1 9 a great measure1 to ! want ( a good ,engli% translation4 ,two translations ( ! ,prov9cials h already appe>$ 9 our language4 ,! fir/ 0 contempor>y ) ! ,lett]s !mselves1 & 0 pr9t$ at ,london 9 #afeg1 "u ! title ( 8,les ,prov9ciales2 or1 ,! ,my/]ie ( ,jesuitism1 discov]$ 9 c]ta9 ,lett]s1 writt5 ^u occasion ( ! pres5t diff]5ces at ,sorbonne1 betwe5 ! ,jans5i/s & ! ,mol9i/s1 f ,janu>y #afef to ,m>* #afeg1 ,s4 ,n4 ,display+ ! corrupt ,maximes & ,politicks ( t ,society4 ,fai?fully r5d]$ into ,engli%4 ,sicut ,s]p5tes40 ,( ! translation "u ?is unpromis+ title1 x may only be rem>k$1 t x is probably "o ( ! wor/ specim5s ( 8r5d]+ into ,engli%0 to be met )1 ev5 dur+ t age :5 little att5tion 0 paid to ! art ( translation4 ,"u its unc\? phraseology1 n only are ! wit & _s ( ! orig9al completely %r\d$1 b ! mean+ is s disguis$ t ! "w is almo/ z un9telligible z x is un9t]e/+4 ,ano!r translation ( ! ,lett]s--( :i* ,i 0 n aw>e till ,i _h complet$ m9e--0 publi%$ 9 ,london 9 #ahaf4 ,on discov]+ t a new attempt _h be5 made to put ! ,engli% public 9 possession ( ! ,prov9cials1 & t x _h fail$ to excite any g5]al int]e/1 ,i 0 induc$ to lay aside all ?\ghts ( publi%+ my v]sion2 b1 aft] exam9+ ! mod]n translation1 ,i became conv9c$ t its failure might be ascrib$ to o!r causes ?an want ( ta/e among u = ! beauties & excell5ces ( ,pascal4 ,?is translation1 ?\gh writt5 9 good ,engli%1 be>s evid5t m>ks ( ha/e1 & ( want ( acqua9tance ) ! religi\s controv]sies ( ! "t2 9 consequ5ce ( :i*1 ! s5se & _s ( ! orig9al h be5 ei!r entirely lo/1 or s imp]fectly develop$1 z to r5d] its p]usal exce$+ly tantaliz+ & unsatisfactory4 ,x rema9s = ! public to judge h[ f> ! pres5t v]sion may h succe$$ 9 giv+ a m readable & fai?ful transcript ( ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s4 ,no pa9s1 at lea/1 h be5 sp>$ to enhance its int]e/ & insure its fidelity4 ,among ! num]\s ,fr5* editions ( ! ,lett]s1 ! basis ( ! foll[+ translation is t ( ,am/]dam1 publi%$ 9 f\r volumes #abmo1 #agfg2 ) ! notes ( ,nicole1 & 8 prefatory ,hi/ory ( ! ,prov9cials1 :i* 7 translat$ f ! ,lat9 into ,fr5* by ,mademoiselle de ,jonc\rt4 ,) ?is & o!r ,fr5* editions ,i h comp>$ ,nicole's ,lat9 translation1 :i* appe>$ 9 #afeh1 & receiv$ ! sanction ( ,pascal4 ,! volum9\s notes ( ,nicole1 h[ev] int]e/+ !y may h be5 at ! "t1 & to ! p>ties involv$ 9 ! ,jans5i/ controv]sy1 are n1 9 g5]al1 ( su* a k9d z to invite att5tion n[2 nor w\ld a full translation ev5 ( 8 hi/orical details1 turn+ z !y d *iefly on local & tempor>y disputes1 be likely to rew>d ! pati5ce ( ! read]4 ,s f> z !y 7 fitt$ to ?r[ light on ! orig9al text1 ,i h avail$ myself ( ^!1 along ) o!r s\rces ( in=mation1 9 ! m>g9al notes4 ,"s ( ^! annotations1 z might be expect$ f a ,prote/ant editor1 are int5d$ to correct error1 or to gu>d aga9/ misconception4 ,to ! full und]/&+ ( ! ,prov9cials1 h[ev]1 "s idea ( ! controv]sies :i* occasion$ _! publication seems almo/ indisp5sable4 ,?is ,i h attempt$ to furni% 9 ! ,hi/orical ,introduction2 :i* w also be f\nd to conta9 "s int]e/+ facts1 hi!rto uncollect$1 & borr[$ f a v>iety ( au?orities n g5]ally accessible1 illu/rat+ ! hi/ory ( ! ,lett]s1 & ! p>ties conc]n$ 9 !m1 ) a v9dication ( ,pascal f ! *>ges :i* ?is "w has provok$ f s _m qu>t]s aga9/ him4 ,,hi/orical ,,introduction ,,to ,,! ,,prov9cial ,,lett]s4 ,,by ,,! ,,translator4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 not)/&+ h] pret5sions to infallibility1 has be5 fully z prolific 9 !ological controv]sy & inte/9e discord z any ( ! ,re=m$ ,*ur*es4 ,%e has contriv$1 inde$1 ) s+ul> policy1 to pres]ve1 amid/ all h] v>iations1 ! semblance ( unity4 ,prote/antism1 l ! primitive ,*ur*1 suff]$ its diss5ti5ts to fly (f into ho/ile or indep5d5t communions4 ,! ,papacy1 on ! contr>y1 has manag$ to reta9 h]s )9 ! outw>d pale ( h] fell[%ip1 by ! in/itution ( v>i\s religi\s ord]s1 :i* h s]v$ z safety-valves = exub]ant zeal1 & :i*1 ?\gh (t5 ho/ile to ea* o!r1 h rema9$ atta*$ to ! "m ,*ur*1 & ev5 prov$ h] mo/ effici5t support]s4 ,/ill1 at diff]5t times1 /orms h aris5 )9 ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 :i* c\ld be quell$ nei!r by ! infallibility ( popes nor ! au?ority ( c\ncils4 ,x is d\btful if religi\s controv]sy ev] rag$ ) s mu* viol5ce 9 ! ,re=m$ ,*ur*1 z x did betwe5 ! ,?omi/s & ! ,scoti/s1 ! ,dom9icans & ,franciscans1 ! ,jesuits & ! ,jans5i/s1 ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,un9vit+ z !y may n[ appe>1 ! disputes ab\t grace1 9 :i* ! la/ m5tion$ p>ties 7 involv$1 gave occasion to ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s4 ,! orig9 ( ^! disputes mu/ be trac$ z f> back z ! days ( ,augu/9e & ! ,pelagian controv]sy ( ! fif? c5tury4 ,! motto ( ,pelagius 0 free-w2 t ( ,augu/9e 0 efficaci\s grace4 ,! =m] held t1 not)/&+ ! fall1 ! human w 0 p]fectly free to *oose at any "t betwe5 good & evil2 ! latt]1 t 9 consequ5ce ( ! fall1 ! w is 9 a /ate ( moral bondage1 f :i* x c only be fre$ by div9e grace4 ,) ! ,briti% monk1 election is susp5d$ on ! decision ( man's w2 human nature is /ill z pure z x came orig9ally f ! h&s ( ! ,creator3 ,*ri/ di$ equally = all m52 &1 z ! result ( 8 dea?1 a g5]al grace is grant$ to all mank9d1 :i* any may comply )1 b :i* all may f9ally =feit4 ,) ! ,african bi%op1 election is absolute--we are pr$e/9at$1 n f =ese5 hol9ess1 b t we might be holy2#a all m5 are ly+ "u ! guilt or p5al obligation ( ! fir/ s91 & 9 a /ate ( spiritual helplessness & corruption2 ! sacrifice ( ,*ri/ 01 9 po9t ( de/9ation1 (f]$ = ! elect1 ?\gh1 9 po9t ( exhibition1 x is (f]$ to all2 & ! sa9ts obta9 ! gift ( p]sev]ance 9 hol9ess to ! end4#b ,pelagius1 ^: real "n 0 ,morgan1 & :o is suppos$ to h be5 a ,wel%man1 belong$ to t num]\s class ( ?9k]s1 :o1 f _! peculi> idiosyncrasy1 are apt to />t at ! sov]eignty ( div9e grace1 develop$ 9 ! plan ( r$emption1 z if x /ruck at once at ! equity ( ,god & ! responsibility ( man4 ,he is said to h betray$ 8 h]etical lean+s1 = ! fir/ "t1 by publicly express+ 8 disapprobation ( a s5tim5t ( ,augu/9e1 :i* he he>d quot$ by a bi%op 8,da quod jubes1 et jube quod vis--,give1 ,"l1 :at ?\ bidde/1 & bid :at ?\ wilt40 ,x w\ld be easy to %[ t1 9 recoil+ f ! odi\s picture ( ! or?odox doctr9e1 drawn by 8 own fancy1 he fell into ! v consequ5ces :i* he 0 s eag] to avoid4 ,! deity ( ,pelagius be+ subject$ to ! *angeable w ( ! creature1 all ?+s 7 left to ! direction ( bl9d *ance or un?9k+ de/9y2 :ile man1 be+ repres5t$ z creat$ ) concupisc5ce1 to acc\nt = 8 ab]rations f rectitude--9 o!r words1 ) a con/itution 9 :i* ! se$s ( evil 7 implant$--! au?or%ip ( s9 0 ascrib$1 directly & prim>ily1 to ! ,creator4#c ,augu/9e 0 a p[]ful b un/eady writ]1 & has express$ himself s inconsi/5tly z to h divid$ ! op9ions ( ! ,lat9 ,*ur*1 :]e he 0 recogniz$ z a /&>d1 canoniz$ z a sa9t1 & rev]$ "u ! title ( 8,! ,doctor ( ,grace40 ,on ! great doctr9e ( salvation by grace1 he is scriptural & evangelical2 & h5ce he has be5 frequ5tly quot$ ) admiration by our ,re=m$ div9es1 p>tly to ev9ce ! decl5sion ( ,rome f ! fai? ( ! e>li] fa!rs1 p>tly f t v5]ation = antiquity1 :i* induces u to be/[ m notice on ! ivy-mantl$ ru91 ?an on ! m graceful & commodi\s mod]n edifice 9 its vic9ity4 ,:5 argu+ aga9/ ,pelagianism1 ,augu/9e is /rong 9 ! panoply ( ,scripture2 :5 develop+ 8 own sy/em1 he fails to d ju/ice ei!r to ,scripture or to himself4 ,l\d1 & ev5 fi]ce1 = ! entire corruption ( human nature1 he spoils all by admitt+ ! absurd dogma ( baptismal reg5]ation4 ,*ivalr\s 9 ! def5ce ( grace1 z oppos$ to free-w1 he virtually ab&ons ! field to ! enemy1 by tea*+ t we are ju/ifi$ by our works ( evangelical ob$i5ce1 & t ! fai? :i* ju/ifies includes 9 its nature all ! (fices ( ,*ri/ian *>ity4 ,dur+ ! d>k ages1 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 pr(ess+ ! highe/ v5]ation = ,/4 ,augu/9e1 _h ceas$ to hold ! ,augu/9ian !ology4 ,! ,dom9icans1 inde$1 yield$ a vague allegiance to x1 by adh]+ to ! views ( ,?omas ,aqu9as1 8! angelic doctor0 ( ! s*ools1 f :om !y 7 t]m$ ,?omi/s2 :ile ! ,franciscans1 :o oppos$ !m1 "u ! auspices ( ,duns ,scotus1 f :om !y 7 t]m$ ,scoti/s1 lean$ to ! views ( ,pelagius4 ,! ,scoti/s1 l ! mod]n advocates ( free-w1 inveigh$ aga9/ _! oppon5ts z fatali/s1 & *>g$ !m ) mak+ ,god ! au?or ( s92 ! ,?omi/s1 aga91 retort$ on ! ,scoti/s1 by accus+ !m ( annihilat+ ! grace ( ,god4 ,b ! doctr9es ( grace _h sunk out ( view1 "u a mass ( p5ances1 oblations1 & int]cessions1 f\nd$ on ! assumption ( human m]it1 & on t v confusion ( ! =5sic *ange 9 ju/ification ) ! moral *ange 9 sanctification1 9 :i* ,augu/9e _h unhappily l$ ! way4 ,at l5g? ! ,re=mation appe>$2 & z bo? ,lu!r & ,calv9 appeal$ to ! au?ority ( ,augu/9e1 :5 treat+ ( grace & free-w1 ! ,romi% div9es1 9 _! zeal aga9/ ! ,re=m]s1 became /ill m decid$ly ,pelagian4 ,9 ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 ! admir]s ( ,augu/9e dur/ h>dly %[ !mselves2 ! ,jesuits c>ri$ ev]y?+ be=e !m2 & ! ana!mas ( t synod1 :i* 7 aim$ at ,calv9 fully z mu* z ,lu!r1 ?\gh !y pr(ess$ to condemn only ! less gu>d$ /atem5ts ( ! ,g]man re=m]1 7 all 9 favor ( ,pelagius4 ,! controv]sy 0 reviv$ 9 ! ,lat9 ,*ur*1 ab\t ! close ( ! sixte5? c5tury1 bo? 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries & 9 ,spa94 ,9 #aehh1 ,lewis ,mol9a1 a ,spani% ,jesuit1 publi%$ lectures on 8,! ,concord ( ,grace & ,free-,w20 & ?is "w1 fill$ ) ! j>gon ( ! s*ools1 gave rise to disputes :i* cont9u$ to agitate ! ,*ur* dur+ ! :ole ( ! succe$+ c5tury4 ,mol9a conceiv$ t he _h discov]$ a me?od ( reconcil+ ! div9e purposes ) ! fre$om ( ! human w1 :i* w\ld settle ! "q =ev]4 ,accord+ to 8 !ory1 ,god n only =esaw f et]nity all ?+s possible1 by a =esight ( intellig5ce1 & all ?+s future by a =esight ( vision2 b by ano!r k9d ( =esight1 int]m$iate betwe5 ^! two1 :i* he t]m$ sci5tia m$ia1 or middle k1 he =esaw :at might h happ5$ "u c]ta9 circum/ances or conditions1 ?\gh x nev] may take place4 ,all m51 accord+ to ,mol9a1 are favor$ ) a g5]al grace1 suffici5t to "w out _! salvation1 if !y *oose to improve x2 b :5 ,god designs to conv]t a s9n]1 he v\*safes t measure ( grace :i* he =esees1 accord+ to ! middle k1 or 9 all ! circum/ances ( ! case1 ! p]son w comply )4 ,! honor ( ?is discov]y 0 disput$ by ano!r ,jesuit1 ,pet] ,fonseca1 :o decl>$ t ! v same ?+ _h bur/ ^u 8 m9d ) all ! =ce ( inspiration1 :5 lectur+ on ! subject "s ye>s be=e4#d ,ab/ruse z ^! que/ions may appe>1 !y ?reat5$ a s]i\s rupture 9 ! ,romi% ,*ur*4 ,! ,mol9i/s 7 summon$ to ,rome 9 #aeih1 to answ] ! *>ges ( ! ,dom9icans2 & aft] "s ye>s ( delib]ation1 ,pope ,clem5t ,,viii4 decid$ aga9/ ,mol9a4 ,! ,jesuits1 h[ev]1 al>m$ = ! cr$it ( _! ord]1 nev] re/$ till !y prevail$ on ! old pontiff to re-exam9e ! matt]2 & 9 #afjb1 he appo9t$ a gr& c\ncil ( c>d9als1 bi%ops1 & div9es1 :o conv5$ = discussion no less ?an sev5ty-eight times4 ,?is c\ncil 0 call$ ,congregatio de ,auxiliis1 or c\ncil on ! aids ( grace4 ,its records be+ kept secret1 ! result ( _! collective wisdom 0 n kn[n ) c]ta9ty1 & has be5 lo/ to ! _w4#e ,! probability is1 t l ,milton's 8gr& inf]nal pe]s10 :o reason$ high on simil> po9ts1 8,!y f\nd no end1 9 w&]+ mazes lo/40 ,^? :o appeal$ to !m = ! settlem5t ( ! "q1 _h too mu* reason to say1 z ! man 9 ,t]5ce does to 8 lawy]s--8,feci/is probe2 inc]tior sum multo quam dudum40#f ,b ?is int]m9able dispute 0 de/9$ to assume a m popul> =m1 & lead to m practical results4 ,9 #afjd1 two "y m5 ent]$1 z fell[-/ud5ts1 ! univ]sity ( ,l\va91 :i* _h be5 di/+ui%$ = its ho/ility to ,mol9ism4 ,widely diff]+ 9 natural temp]am5t z well z outw>d rank1 ,cornelius ,jans51 :o 0 aft]w>ds bi%op ( ,ypres1 & ,john ,duv]g] de ,hauranne1 aft]w>ds kn[n z ! ,abb de ,/4 ,cyran1 =m$ an acqua9tance :i* soon rip5$ into fri5d%ip4 ,!y began to /udy toge!r ! works ( ,augu/9e1 & to comp>e !m ) ! ,scriptures4 ,! imm$iate result 01 an agreem5t 9 op9ion t ! anci5t fa!r 0 9 ! "r1 & t ! ,jesuits1 & o!r foll[]s ( ,mol9a1 7 9 ! wrong4 ,?is 0 foll[$ by an ard5t desire to revive ! doctr9es ( _! favorite doctor--a task :i* ea* ( !m prosecut$ 9 ! way mo/ suit$ to 8 respective "*4 ,jans51 or ,jans5ius1 z he is (t5 call$1#g 0 desc5d$ ( humble p>5tage1 & born ,octob] #bh1 #aehe1 9 a village ne> ,le]dam1 9 ,holl&4 ,by 8 fri5ds he is extoll$ = 8 p5etrat+ g5ius1 t5aci\s memory1 magnanimity1 & piety4 ,taciturn & contemplative 9 8 habits1 he 0 frequ5tly ov]he>d1 :5 tak+ 8 solit>y walks 9 ! g>d5 ( ! mona/]y1 to exclaim3 8,o v]itas6 v]itas6--,o tru?6 tru?60 ,ke5 9 controv]sy1 ascetic 9 devotion1 & rigid 9 8 ,ca?olicism1 8 antipa?ies 7 ab\t equally divid$ betwe5 h]etics & ,jesuits4 ,t[>ds ! ,prote/ants1 8 acrimony 0 probably augm5t$ by ! consci\sness ( hav+ embrac$ views :i* might expose himself to ! suspicion ( h]esy2 or1 /ill m probably1 by t uneasy feel+ ) :i* we _c help reg>d+ ^? :o1 hold+ ! same doctr9al views ) ourselves1 may h made a m decid$ & consi/5t pr(ession ( !m4 ,! fir/ supposition d]ives c\nt5ance f ! private correspond5ce betwe5 him & 8 fri5d ,/4 ,cyran1 :i* %[s "s dread ( p]secution2#h ! second is confirm$ by 8 ackn[l$g$ writ+s4 ,he speaks ( ,prote/ants z no bett] ?an ,turks1 & gives x z 8 op9ion t 8!y _h mu* m reason to congratulate !mselves on ! m]cy ( pr9ces1 ?an to compla9 ( _! sev]ities1 :i*1 z ! vile/ ( h]etics1 !y ri*ly des]v$40#i ,8 controv]sy ) ! le>n$ ,gilb]t ,voet l$ ! latt] to publi% 8 ,desp]ata ,causa ,papatus1 "o ( ! be/ exposures ( ! weaknesses ( ,pop]y4 ,:5 to ?is we add t ! ,calv9i/ic synod ( ,dort1 9 #afah1 _h condemn$ ,arm9ius & ! ,dut* ,remon/rants z hav+ fall5 into ! errors ( ,pelagius & ,mol9a1 ! position ( ,jans5 became /ill m complicat$4 ,( ,arm9ius he c\ld n approve1 )\t condemn+ ,augu/9e2 ) ! ,prote/ant synod he c\ld n agree1 unless he *ose to be d5\nc$ z a ,calv9i/4 ,b ! natural enemies ( ,jans5 71 )\t d\bt1 ! ,jesuits4 ,to ! hi/ory ( ?is ,society we c only n[ adv]t 9 a v cursory mann]4 ,x may appe> surpris+ t an ord] s p[]ful & politic %\ld h ow$ its orig9 to su* a p]son z ,ignatius ,loyola1 a ,spani% soldi]3 & t a w\nd 9 ! leg1 :i* ?is hidalgo receiv$ at ! battle ( ,pampeluna1 %\ld h issu$ 9 8 becom+ ! f\nd] ( a ,society :i* has embroil$ ! _w & ! ,*ur*4 ,b 9 fact1 ,loyola1 ?\gh ! orig9ator ( ! sect1 is n entitl$ to ! honor1 or r ! disgrace1 ( organiz+ its con/itution4 ,?is mu/ be assign$ to ,laynez & ,aquaviva1 ! two g5]als :o succe$$ him--m5 z sup]ior to ! f\nd] ( ! ,society 9 tal5ts z he excell$ !m 9 en?usiasm4 ,ignatius ow$ 8 success to circum/ances4 ,:ile he 0 wat*+ 8 arms z ! knight-errant ( ! ,virg91 9 h] *apel at ,monts]rat1 or squatt+ )9 8 cell 9 a /ate ( body too noisome = human contact1 & ( m9d v]g+ on insanity1 ,lu!r 0 mak+ ,g]many r+ ) ! fir/ trumpet-notes ( ! ,re=mation4 ,! mona/]ies1 9 :i* ignorance _h s long slumb]$ 9 ! lap ( sup]/ition1 7 awak5$2 b _! inmates 7 totally unfit = do+ battle on ! new field ( /rife t _h op5$ ar\nd !m4 ,unwitt+ly1 9 ! heat ( 8 fanaticism1 ! illit]ate ,loyola sugge/$ a l9e ( policy :i*1 matur$ by wis] heads1 prov$ m adapt$ to ! times4 ,br$ 9 ! c\rt & ! camp1 he contriv$ to comb9e ! f9esse ( ! "o1 & ! discipl9e ( ! o!r1 ) ! sanctity ( a religi\s community2 & propos$ t1 in/ead ( ! lazy r\t9e ( mona/ic life1 8 foll[]s %\ld actively devote !mselves to ! education ( y\?1 ! conv]sion ( ! hea!n1 & ! suppression ( h]esy4 ,su* a proposal1 back$ by a v[ ( devotion to ! ,holy ,see1 comm5d$ itself to ! pope s highly t1 9 #aedj1 he confirm$ ! in/itution by a bull1 grant$ x ample privileges1 & appo9t$ ,loyola to be its fir/ g5]al4 ,9 less ?an a c5tury1 ?is sect1 :i* assum$ to itself1 ) s+ul> arrogance1 ! "n ( 8,! ,society ( ,jesus10 rose to be ! mo/ ent]pris+ & =midable ord] 9 ! ,romi% communion4 ,nev] 0 ! "n ( ! bless$ ,jesus m grossly pro/itut$ ?an :5 appli$ to a ,society :i* is c]ta9ly ! v opposite1 9 _s & "*1 to ,him :o 0 8meek & l[ly10 8holy1 h>mless1 undefil$1 & sep>ate f s9n]s40 ,! ,jesuits may be said to h inv5t$1 = _! own peculi> use1 an entirely new sy/em ( e?ics4 ,9 place ( ! div9e law1 !y prescrib$1 z ! rule ( _! conduct1 a 8bl9d ob$i5ce0 to ! w ( _! sup]iors1 :om !y are b\nd to recognize z 8/&+ 9 ! place ( ,god10 & 9 fulfill+ ^: ord]s !y are to h no m w ( _! own 8?an a corpse1 or an old man's /aff40 ,! glory ( ,god !y id5tify ) ! aggr&izem5t ( _! ,society2 & hold+ t 8! end sanctifies ! means10 !y scruple at no means1 f\l or fair1 :i* !y conceive may advance su* an end4#aj ,! supreme p[] is ve/$ 9 ! g5]al1 :o is n responsible to any o!r au?ority1 civil or ecclesia/ical4 ,a sy/em ( mutual espionage1 & a secret correspond5ce ) head-qu>t]s at ,rome1 9 :i* ev]y?+ t c1 9 ! remote/ degree1 affect ! int]e/s ( ! ,society is made kn[n1 & by means ( :i* ! :ole ma*9]y ( ,jesuitism c be set 9 motion at once1 or its m9ute/ feel]s direct$ to any object at pleasure1 pres5ts ! mo/ complete sy/em ( organization 9 ! _w4 ,e memb] is sworn1 by secret oa?1 to obey ! ord]s1 & all are conf$]at$ 9 a solemn league to advance ! cause ( ! ,society4 ,x has be5 def9$ to be 8a nak$ sword1 ! hilt ( :i* is at ,rome40 ,su* a mon/r\s comb9ation c\ld n fail to r5d] itself obnoxi\s4 ,con/antly aim+ at asc5d5cy 9 ! ,*ur*1 9 :i* x is an imp]ium 9 imp]io1 ! ,society has n only be5 embroil$ 9 p]petual feuds ) ! o!r ord]s1 b has repeat$ly provok$ ! ?und]s ( ! ,vatican4 ,ev] int]m$dl+ ) ! affairs ( civil gov]nm5ts1 ) allegiance to :i*1 "u any =m1 its pr9ciples are utt]ly at v>iance1 x has be5 expell$ 9 turn f almo/ e ,european ,/ate1 z a political nuisance4 ,b ,jesuitism is ! v s\l ( ,pop]y2 bo? h reviv$ or decl9$ toge!r2 & accord+ly1 ?\gh ! ord] 0 aboli%$ by ,clem5t ,,xiv4 9 #agge1 x 0 f\nd necess>y to resuscitate x "u ,pius ,,vii4 9 #ahad2 & ! ,society 0 nev] 9 great] p[]1 nor m active op]ation1 ?an x is at ! pres5t mom5t4 ,x boa/s ( immortality1 &1 9 all probability1 x w la/ z long z ! ,*ur* ( ,rome4 ,x has be5 t]m$ 8a militia call$ out to combat ! ,re=mation10 & exhibit+1 z x does to ?is day1 ! same features ( ambition1 trea*]y1 & intol]ance1 x seems de/9$ to fall only 9 ! ru9s ( t ,*ur* ( ^: un*ang+ _s x is ! g5u9e type & repres5tative4#aa ,9 prosecut+ ! ends ( _! in/itution1 ! ,jesuits h adh]$ ) s+ul> fidelity to its di/+ui%+ _s4 ,z ! in/ructors ( y\?1 _! solicitude has ev] be5 less to enl>ge ! sph]e ( human k ?an to b> out :at might prove dang]\s to cl]ical dom9ation2 !y h conf9$ _! pupils to m]e lit]>y /udies1 :i* might amuse )\t awak5+ _! m9ds1 & make !m subtle dialecticians )\t di/urb+ a s+le prejudice ( ! d>k ages4 ,z mission>ies1 !y h be5 mu* m indu/ri\s & successful 9 ! manual labor ( baptiz+ all nations ?an 9 tea*+ !m ! ,gospel4#ab ,z !ologians1 !y h uni=mly pref]r$ ! views ( ,mol9a2 reg>d+ ^!1 if n z m agreeable to ,scripture & "r reason1 at lea/ 7to use ! language ( a late writ]7 z 8m consonant ) ! common s5se & natural feel+s ( mank9d40#ac ,z controv]siali/s1 !y 7 ! decid$ foes ( all re=m & all re=m]s1 f )9 or )\t ! ,*ur*4 ,z morali/s1 !y cultivat$1 z might be expect$1 ! loose/ sy/em ( casui/ry1 to qualify !mselves = direct+ ! consci5ces ( high & l[1 & becom+1 ?r\gh ! confessional1 ! virtual gov]nors ( mank9d4 ,9 all ^! dep>tm5ts !y h1 d\btless1 produc$ m5 ( abilities2 b ! v means :i* !y employ$ to aggr&ize ! ,society h t5d$ to dw>f ! intellectual gr[? ( its individual memb]s3 & h5ce1 :ile x is true t 8! ,jesuits _h to boa/ ( ! mo/ vigor\s controv]siali/s1 ! mo/ polite s*ol>s1 ! mo/ ref9$ c\rti]s1 & ! mo/ flexible casui/s ( _! age10#ad x has be5 commonly rem>k$1 t !y h nev] produc$ a s+le great man4 ,casui/ry1 ! art 9 :i* ! ,jesuits s mu* excell$1 is1 /rictly speak+1 t bran* ( !ology :i* treats ( cases ( consci5ce1 & orig9ally consi/$ 9 no?+ m ?an an application ( ! g5]al precepts ( ,scripture to p>ticul> cases4 ,! anci5t casui/s1 s long z !y conf9$ !mselves to ! simple rules ( ! ,gospel1 7 at lea/ h>mless1 & _! +5i\s writ+s are /ill f\nd useful 9 cases ( ecclesia/ical discipl9e2 b !y gradually introduc$ into ! sci5ce ( morals ! metaphysical j>gon ( ! s*ools1 & in/ead ( aim+ at mak+ m5 moral1 cont5t$ !mselves ) disput+ ab\t morality4#ae ,! ma9 s\rce ( ! ab]rations ( casui/ry lay 9 ! unscriptural dogma ( prie/ly absolution--9 ! "r claim$ by man to =give s91 z a transgression ( ! law ( ,god2 & ! arbitr>y di/9ction betwe5 s9s z v5ial & mortal--a di/9ction :i* assigns to ! prie/ ! pr]ogative1 & imposes on him ! obligation1 ( draw+ ! critical l9e1 or fix+ a k9d ( t>iff on human actions1 & apportion+ p5ance or p>don1 z ! case may seem to require4 ,9 _! desp]ate attempt to def9e ! endless =ms ( depravity on :i* !y 7 call$ to adjudicate1 or :i* ! pruri5cy ( ! cloi/] sugge/$ to ! imag9ation1 ! casui/s sank deep] into ! mire at e /ep2 & _! productions1 at l5g?1 resembl$ ! common sew]s ( a city1 :i*1 :5 expos$1 become m pe/if]\s ?an ! fil? :i* !y 7 meant to remove4 ,ev5 "u ! be/ managem5t1 su* a sy/em 0 radically bad2 9 ! h&s ( ! ,jesuits x became unspeakably worse4 ,to _! 8mod]n casui/s10 z !y 7 t]m$1 mu/ we ascribe ! inv5tion ( probabilism1 m5tal res]vation1 & ! direction ( ! int5tion1 :i* h be5 suffici5tly expla9$ & rebuk$ 9 ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s4 ,we %all only rem>k "h1 t ! actions to :i* ^! pr9ciples 7 appli$ 7 n only su* z h be5 t]m$ indiff]5t1 & ! crim9ality ( :i* may be d\btful1 or dep5d5t on ! int5tion ( ! actor3 ! probabilism ( ! ,jesuits 01 9 fact1 a sy/ematic attempt to legalize crime1 "u ! sanction ( "s grave doctor1 :o _h f\nd out "s excuse = x2 & _! !ory ( m5tal res]vations1 & direction ( ! int5tion1 0 equally employ$ to sanctify ! pla9e/ violations ( ! div9e law4 ,casui/ry1 x is true1 has g5]ally vibrat$ betwixt ! extremes ( impracticable sev]ity & contemptible indulg5ce2 b ! *>ge aga9/ ! ,jesuits 01 n t !y s(t5$ ! rigors ( ascetic virtue1 b t !y propagat$ pr9ciples :i* sapp$ ! f\ndation ( all moral obligation4 8,!y are a p10 said ,boileau1 8:o l5g!n ! cre$ & %ort5 ! decalogue40 ,su* 0 ! community ) :i* ! ,bi%op ( ,ypres v5tur$ to ent] ! li/s4 ,already _h he incurr$ _! res5tm5t by oppos+ _! int]e/s 9 "s political negotiations2 & by publi%+ 8 8,m>s ,gallicus10 he _h mortally (f5d$ _! patron1 ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu2 b1 /range to say1 8 deadly s9 aga9/ ! ,society 0 a po/hum\s "w4 ,jans5 0 cut (f by ! plague1 ,may #h1 #afch4 ,%ortly aft] 8 decease1 8 celebrat$ "w1 entitl$ 8,augu/9us10 0 publi%$ by 8 fri5ds ,fromond & ,cal51 to :om he _h committ$ x on 8 dea?-b$4 ,to ! prep>ation ( ?is "w he may be said to h devot$ 8 life4 ,x occupi$ him tw5ty-two ye>s1 dur+ :i*1 we are told1 he _h t5 times read ?r\gh ! works ( ,augu/9e 7t5 volumes1 folio67 & ?irty times collat$ ^? passages :i* relat$ to ,pelagianism4#af ,! book itself1 z ! title imports1 0 little m ?an a dige/ ( ! writ+s ( ,augu/9e on ! subject ( grace4#ag ,x 0 divid$ into ?ree p>ts2 ! fir/ be+ a refutation ( ,pelagianism1 ! second demon/rat+ ! spiritual disease ( man1 & ! ?ird exhibit+ ! rem$y provid$4 ,! s9c]ity ( ,jans5's love to tru? is beyond "q1 ?\gh we may be p]mitt$ to "q ! =m 9 :i* x 0 ev9c$4 ,! radical defect ( ! "w is1 t in/ead ( resort+ to ! liv+ f\nta9 ( inspiration1 he conf9$ himself to ! ci/]n ( tradition4 ,enamor$ ) ! excell5ces ( ,augu/9e1 he adopt$ ev5 8 inconsi/5cies4 ,) ! =m] he *all5g$ ! ,jesuits2 ) ! latt] he w>d$ (f ! *>ge ( h]esy4 ,z a controv]ti/1 he is *>geable ) prejudice1 r ?an di%one/y4 ,z a re=m]1 he want$ ! indep5d5ce ( m9d necess>y to success4 ,in/ead ( /&+ boldly =w>d on ! gr\nd ( ,scripture1 he attempt$1 ) m prud5ce ?an wisdom1 to %elt] himself beh9d ! v5]able "n ( ,augu/9e4 ,if by ?us pref]r+ ! %ield ( tradition to ! sword ( ! ,_s1 ,jans5 expect$ to out-manuvre ! ,jesuits1 he _h mi/ak5 8 policy4 8,augu/9us10 ?\gh pr(ess$ly writt5 to revive ! doctr9e ( ,augu/9e1 0 felt by ! ,society z1 9 reality1 an attack ^u !m1 "u ! "n ( ,pelagians4 ,to consci\s del9qu5cy1 ! language ( impli$ c5sure is ev] m gall+ ?an =mal impea*m5t4 ,jans5's portrait ( ,augu/9e 0 b too fai?fully execut$2 & ! disciples ( ,loyola c\ld n fail to see h[ f> !y _h dep>t$ f ! fai? ( ! anci5t ,*ur*2 b ! discov]y only s]v$ to inc5se !m at ! man :o _h exhibit$ _! defection be=e ! _w4 ,! approbation :i* ! book receiv$ f =ty le>n$ doctors1 & ! rapture ) :i* x 0 welcom$ by ! fri5ds ( ! au?or1 only add$ to _! exasp]ation4 ,! :ole ef=ts ( ! ,society 7 summon$ to defeat its influ5ce4 ,balk$ by ! h& ( dea? ( _! rev5ge on ! p]son ( ! au?or1 !y v5t$ x ev5 on 8 rema9s4 ,by a decree ( ! pope1 procur$ ?r\gh _! in/igation1 a spl5did monum5t1 :i* _h be5 erect$ ov] ! grave ( ! le>n$ & mu*-lov$ bi%op1 0 completely demoli%$1 t1 9 ! words ( 8 ,hol9ess1 8! memory ( ,jans5 might p]i% f ! e>?40 ,x is ev5 said t 8 body 0 torn f its re/+-place1 & ?r[n into "s unkn[n receptacle4#ah ,8 lit]>y rema9s 7 no less sev]ely h&l$4 ,ni*olas ,cornet1 a memb] ( ! ,society1 aft] incr$ible pa9s1 extract$ ! h]etical poison ( 8,augu/9us10 9 ! =m ( sev5 propositions1 :i* 7 aft]w>ds r$uc$ to five4 ,^! hav+ be5 submitt$ to ! judgm5t ( ,innoc5t ,x41 7 condemn$ by t pontiff 9 a bull dat$ #ca/ ,may1 #afec4 ,?is decision1 s f> f re/or+ peace1 awak5$ a new controv]sy4 ,! ,jans5i/s1 z ! admir]s ( ,jans5 n[ began to be nam$ by _! oppon5ts1 :ile !y pr(ess$ acquiesc5ce 9 ! judgm5t ( ! pope1 d5i$ t ^! propositions 7 to be f\nd 9 8,augu/9us40 ,! succe$+ pope1 ,alex&] ,,vii41 :o 0 /ill m favorable to ! ,jesuits1 decl>$ =mally1 9 a bull dat$ #afeg1 8t ! five propositions 7 c]ta9ly tak5 f ! book ( ,jans5ius1 & _h be5 condemn$ 9 ! s5se ( t au?or40 ,b ! ,jans5i/s 7 ready to meet him on ?is po9t2 !y repli$1 t a decision ( ?is k9d ov]/epp$ ! limits ( papal au?ority1 & t ! pope's infallibility did n ext5d to a judgm5t ( facts4#ai ,! read] may be curi\s to "k some?+ m ab\t ^! fam\s five propositions1 condemn$ by ! pope1 :i*1 9 fact1 may be said to h giv5 occasion to ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s4 ,!y 7 z foll[s3-- #a4 ,!re are div9e precepts :i* good m51 ?\gh will+1 are absolutely unable to obey4 #b4 ,no p]son1 9 ?is corrupt /ate ( nature1 c resi/ ! influ5ce ( div9e grace4 #c4 ,9 ord] to r5d] human actions m]itori\s1 or o!rwise1 x is n requisite t !y be exempt f necessity1 b only free f con/ra9t4 #d4 ,! semi-,pelagian h]esy consi/$ 9 all[+ ! human w to be endu$ ) a p[] ( resi/+ grace1 or ( comply+ ) its influ5ce4 #e4 ,:oev] says t ,*ri/ di$ or %$ 8 blood = all mank9d1 is a semi-,pelagian4 ,! ,jans5i/s1 9 _! subsequ5t disputes on ^! propositions1 cont5d$ t !y 7 ambigu\sly express$1 & t !y might be und]/ood 9 ?ree diff]5t s5ses--a ,calv9i/ic1 a ,pelagian1 & a ,ca?olic or ,augu/9ian s5se4 ,9 ! fir/ two s5ses !y disclaim$ !m1 9 ! la/ !y approv$ & def5d$ !m4 ,ow+ to ! extreme av]sion ( ! p>ty to ,calv9ism1 :ile !y sub/antially held ! same sy/em "u ! "n ( ,augu/9ianism1 x becomes extremely difficult to convey an intelligible idea ( _! !ological views4 ,on ! fir/ proposition1 = example1 :ile !y disclaim$ :at !y t]m ! ,calv9i/ic s5se1 namely1 t ! be/ ( m5 are liable to s9 9 all t !y d1 !y equally disclaim ! ,pelagian s5tim5t1 t all m5 h a g5]al suffici5t grace1 at all times1 = ! dis*>ge ( duty1 subject to free w2 & !y /r5u\sly ma9ta9$ t1 )\t efficaci\s grace1 con/antly v\*saf$1 we c d no?+ spiritually good4 ,9 reg>d to ! resi/ibility ( grace1 !y seem to h held t ! w ( man might always resi/ ! influ5ce ( grace1 if x *ose to d s2 b t grace w\ld effectually prev5t x f s *oos+4 ,& ) respect to r$emption1 !y appe> to h compromis$ ! matt]1 by hold+ t ,*ri/ di$ = all1 s z t all might be p>tak]s ( ! grace ( ju/ification by ! m]its ( 8 dea?2 b !y d5i$ t ,*ri/ di$ = ea* man 9 p>ticul>1 s z to secure 8 f9al salvation2 9 ?is s5se1 he di$ = ! elect only4 ,7 ?is ! prop] place1 x w\ld be easy to %[ t1 9 ! lead+ po9ts ( 8 !ology1 ,jans5 did n diff] f ,calv91 s mu* z he misund]/ood ,calv9ism4 ,! ,calv9i/s1 = example1 nev] held1 z !y are repres5t$ 9 ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s1#bj 8t we h n ! p[] ( resi/+ grace40 ,s f> f ?is1 !y held t fall5 man c\ld n b resi/ ! grace ( ,god4 ,!y pref]r$1 !re=e1 ! t]m 8inv9cible10 z appli$ to grace4 ,9 %ort1 !y held exactly ! victrix delectatio ( ,augu/9e1 by :i* ! w ( man is sweetly b effectually incl9$ to comply ) ! w ( ,god4#ba ,on ! subject ( necessity & con/ra9t _! views are precisely simil>4 ,nor c !y be consid]$ z diff]+ ess5tially 9 _! views ( ! dea? ( ,*ri/1 z ^!1 at lea/1 7 giv5 by ,jans51 :o ackn[l$ges 9 8 8,augu/9us10 t1 8accord+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,jesus ,*ri/ did n die = all mank9d40 ,x is c]ta9 t nei!r ,augu/9e nor ,jans5 w\ld h subscrib$ to ! views ( grace & r$emption held by _m :o1 9 our day1 pr(ess evangelical views4 ,mak+ all[ance = ! diff]5t position ( ! p>ties1 x is v pla9 t ! dispute betwe5 ,augu/9e & ,pelagius1 ,jans5 & ,mol9a1 ,calv9 & ,arm9ius1 0 sub/antially "o & ! same4 ,at ! same "t1 x mu/ be grant$ t on ! great po9t ( ju/ification by fai?1 ,jans5 w5t widely a/ray f ! tru?2 & 9 ! subsequ5t controv]sial writ+s ( ! p>ty1 especially :5 argu+ aga9/ ! ,prote/ants1 ?is dep>ture became /ill m /rongly m>k$1 & m deplorably manife/$4#bb ,! rev5ge ( ! ,jesuits did n /op at procur+ ! condemnation ( ,jans5's book2 x aim$ at 8 liv+ foll[]s4 ,among ^! none 0 m conspicu\s = virtue & influ5ce ?an ! ,abb de ,/4 ,cyran1 :o 0 kn[n to h %>$ 8 c\nsels1 & ev5 aid$ 9 ! prep>ation ( 8 obnoxi\s "w4 ,:ile ,jans5 labor$ to re/ore ! !oretical doctr9es ( ,augu/9e1 ,/4 ,cyran 0 ambiti\s to r$uce !m to practice4 ,9 pursuance ( ! moral sy/em ( t fa!r1 he taught ! r5unciation ( ! _w1 & ! total absorption ( ! s\l 9 ! love ( ,god4 ,8 religi\s f]vor l$ him into "s extravagances4 ,he is said to h laid "s claim to a species ( inspiration1 & to h anticipat$ = ! ,savi\r "s k9d ( temporal dom9ion1 9 :i* ! sa9ts alone w\ld be entitl$ to ! weal? & dignities ( ! _w4#bc ,b 8 piety appe>s to h be5 s9c]e1 &1 :at is m surpris+1 8 love to ! ,scriptures 0 su* t he n only liv$ 9 ! daily /udy ( !m himself1 b e>ne/ly en=c$ x on all 8 disciples4 ,he recomm5d$ !m to /udy ! ,scriptures on _! knees4 8,no means ( conv]sion10 he w\ld say1 8c be m apo/olic ?an ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,e ^w 9 ,scripture des]ves to be weigh$ m att5tively ?an gold4 ,! ,scriptures 7 p5n$ by a direct ray ( ! ,holy ,_s2 ! fa!rs only by a reflex ray emanat+ !refrom40 ,8 :ole "* & appe>ance correspond$ ) 8 doctr9e4 8,8 simple mortifi$ air1 & 8 humble g>b =m$ a /rik+ contra/ ) ! awful sanctity ( 8 c\nt5ance1 & 8 native l(ty dignity ( mann]40#bd ,possess+ t =ce ( "* by :i* m5 ( /rong m9ds sil5tly b surely gov]n o!rs1 8 proselytes soon increas$1 & he became ! nucleus ( a new class ( re=m]s4 ,/4 ,cyran 0 soon call$ to preside ov] ! r5[n$ mona/]y ( ,port-,royal4 ,two h\ses w5t "u ?is "n1 ?\gh =m+ "o abbey4 ,"o ( ^! 0 call$ ,port-,royal des ,*amps1 & 0 situat$ 9 a gloomy =e/1 ab\t six leagues f ,p>is2 b ?is hav+ be5 f\nd an unheal?y situation1 ! nuns 7 remov$ = "s "t to ano!r h\se 9 ,p>is1 :i* w5t "u ! "n ( ,port-,royal de ,p>is4 ,! ,abbey ( ,port-,royal 0 "o ( ! mo/ anci5t belong+ to ! ord] ( ,citeaux1 hav+ be5 f\nd$ by ,eudes de ,sully1 bi%op ( ,p>is1 9 #abjd4 ,x 0 plac$ orig9ally "u ! rigor\s discipl9e ( ,/4 ,b5$ict1 b 9 c\rse ( "t fell1 l mo/ o!r mona/]ies1 into a /ate ( ! greate/ relaxation4 ,9 #afjb1 a new abbess 0 appo9t$ 9 ! p]son ( ,m>ia ,angelica ,arnauld1 si/] ( ! fam\s ,arnauld1 !n a m]e *ild1 sc>cely elev5 ye>s old6 ,! nuns1 promis+ !mselves a long p]iod ( unb\nd$ lib]ty1 rejoic$ at ?is appo9tm5t4 ,b _! joy 0 n ( long duration4 ,! "y abbess1 at fir/1 inde$1 ?\ght ( no?+ b amusem5t2 b at ! age ( sev5te5 a *ange came ov] h] _s4 ,a c]ta9 ,capu*91 we>i$1 x is said1 or m probably disgu/$1 ) ! mona/ic life1 _h be5 reque/$ by ! nuns1 :o 7 n aw>e ( 8 "*1 to prea* be=e !m4 ,! prea*]1 equally ignorant ( 8 audi5ce1 & suppos+ !m to be em95tly pi\s ladies1 deliv]$ an affect+ disc\rse1 pit*$ on ! l(tie/ key ( devotion1 :i* left an impression on ! m9d ( ,angelica nev] to be effac$4 ,%e set h]self to re=m h] e/abli%m5t1 & c>ri$ x into effect ) a det]m9ation & self-d5ial q beyond h] ye>s4 ,?is 8re=mation10 s highly laud$ by h] panegyri/s1 consi/$ *iefly 9 re/or+ ! au/]e discipl9e ( ,/4 ,b5$ict1 & o!r sev]ities practis$ 9 ! e>li] ages1 ! details ( :i* w\ld be nei!r edify+ nor agreeable4 ,! sub/itution ( co>se s]ge 9 place ( l95 z und]clo?+1 & dropp+ melt$ wax on ! b>e arms1 may be tak5 z specim5s ( ! re=mation introduc$ by ,mre ,angelique4 ,9 ^! mortify+ ex]cises ! abbess %[$ an example to all ! re/4 ,%e *ose z h] dormitory ! fil?ie/ cell 9 ! conv5t1 a place infe/$ ) toads & v]m91 9 :i* %e f\nd ! highe/ delight1 decl>+ t %e 8seem$ transport$ to ! grotto ( ,be?lehem40 ,! same rigid d5ial ( pleasure 0 ext5d$ to h] food1 h] dress1 h] :ole occupations4 ,clo!d h]self 9 ! rude/ dress %e c\ld procure1 no?+ gave h] great] (f5ce ?an to see 9 h] nuns any approa* to ! fa%ions ( ! _w1 ev5 9 ! adju/m5t ( ! co>se black s]ge1 ) ! sc>let cross1 :i* =m$ _! humble app>el#be4 ,yet1 9 ! mid/ ( all ?is 8volunt>y humility10 h] he>t seems to h be5 turn$ ma9ly to ! ,savi\r4 ,x 0 ,jesus ,*ri/ :om %e aim$ at ador+ 9 ! wor%ip %e paid to 8! sacram5t ( ! alt>40 ,& 9 a book ( devotion1 compos$ by h] = private use1 %e gave expression to s5tim5ts too mu* savor+ ( undivid$ affection to ,*ri/ to escape ! c5sure ( ! ,*ur*4 ,x 0 dragg$ to light & condemn$ at ,rome#bf4 ,!re is reason to believe t1 "u ! direction ( ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran1 h] religi\s s5tim5ts1 z well z ^? ( h] community1 became mu* m enlight5$4 ,h] firmness 9 resi/+ subscription to ! =mul>y & condemn+ ,jans51 9 spite ( ! mo/ cruel & unmanly p]secution1 & ! piety & fai? %e manife/$ on h] dea?-b$1 :51 9 ! mid/ ( exquisite suff]+1 & 9 ! abs5ce ( ! rites :i* h] p]secutors d5i$ h]1 %e expir$ 9 ! full assurance ( salvation ?r\gh ! m]its ( ! only ,savi\r1 =m "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ *apt]s 9 ! m>tyrology ( ! ,*ur*4 ,b ,/4 ,cyran aim$ at high] objects ?an ! managem5t ( a nunn]y4 ,8 en]getic m9d plann$ a sy/em ( education1 9 :i*1 along ) ! elem5ts ( le>n+1 ! y\? might be imbu$ ) e>ly piety4 ,attract$ by 8 fame1 sev]al le>n$ m51 "s ( !m ( rank & =tune1 fl$ to enjoy at ,port-,royal des ,*amps a sacr$ retreat f ! _w4 ,?is community1 :i* diff]$ f a mona/]y 9 n be+ b\nd by any v[s1 settl$ 9 a f>m adjo9+ ! conv5t1 call$ ,les ,granges4 ,! names ( ,arnauld1 ,d',&illy1 ,nicole1 ,le ,maitre1 ,sacy1#bg ,fonta9e1 ,pascal1 & o!rs1 h conf]r$ immortality on ! spot4 ,! sy/em pursu$ 9 ?is lit]>y h]mitage 01 9 _m respects1 des]v+ ( praise4 ,! "t ( ! recluses 0 divid$ betwe5 devotional & lit]>y pursuits1 reliev$ by agricultural & me*anical labors4 ,! ,scriptures1 & o!r books ( devotion1 7 translat$ into ! v]nacul> language2 & ! result 01 ! s+ul> anomaly ( a ,roman ,ca?olic community di/+ui%$ = ! dev\t & dilig5t /udy ( ! ,bible4 ,prote/ants !y c]ta9ly 7 n1 ei!r 9 _s or 9 practice4 ,firm believ]s 9 ! infallibility ( _! ,*ur*1 & fond devotees 9 ! obs]vance ( h] rites1 !y held x a po9t ( m]it to yield a bl9d ob$i5ce1 9 matt]s ( fai?1 to ! dogmas ( ,rome4 ,none 7 m ho/ile to ,prote/antism4 ,/4 ,cyran1 x is said1 w\ld nev] op5 a ,prote/ant book1 ev5 = ! purpose ( refut+ x1 )\t fir/ mak+ ! sign ( ! cross on x1 to exorcise ! evil _s :i* he believ$ to lurk )9 its pages4#bh ,f no community did !re emanate m le>n$ apologies = ,rome ?an f ,port-,royal4 ,/ill1 x mu/ be own$1 t 9 atta*m5t to ! doctr9es ( grace1 s f> z !y w5t1 & 9 ! exhibition ( ! ,*ri/ian virtues1 atte/$ by _! suff]+s1 lives1 & writ+s1 ! ,port-,royali/s1 includ+ "u ?is "n bo? ! nuns & recluses1 greatly surpass$ _m ,prote/ant communities4 ,_! piety1 inde$1 p>took ( ! fail+s :i* h always *>act]iz$ ! religion ( ! cloi/]4 ,x seems to h hov]$ betwe5 sup]/ition & my/icism4 ,afraid to fight aga9/ ! _w1 !y fl$ f x2 &1 =gett+ t our ,savi\r 0 driv5 into ! wild]ness to be tempt$ ( ! devil1 !y retir$ to a wild]ness to avoid temptation4 ,half consci\s ( ! holl[ness ( ! c]emonial !y practis$1 !y s\ght to graft on its dead /ock ! vitalities ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?4 ,9 _! h&s1 p5ance 0 sublimat$ into ! symbol ( p5it5tial sorr[1 & ! mass into a spiritual s]vice1 ! b5efit ( :i* dep5d$ on ! prep>ation ( ! he>t ( ! wor%ipp]4 ,9 _! eyes1 ! prie/ 0 b a sugge/ive emblem ( ! ,savi\r2 & to !m ! alt>1 ) its crucifix & ble$+ image1 s]v$ only z a plat=m on :i* !y might obta9 a m advantage\s view ( ,calv>y4 ,transf]r+ to ! ,*ur* ( ,rome ! attributes ( ! ,*ur* ( ,god1 & reg>d+ h] /ill1 9 spite ( h] eclipse & disfigurem5t1 z ( "o _s1 & ev5 ( "o body1 ) ,*ri/1 infallible & immortal1 !y wor%ipp$ ! fond creation ( _! own fancy4 ,at ! same "t1 !y attempt$ to revive ! doctr9e ( religi\s ab/raction1 or ! absorption ( ! s\l 9 ,deity1 & ! total r5\ncem5t ( ev]y?+ 9 ! %ape ( s5sual enjoym5t1 :i* aft]w>ds di/+ui%$ ! my/ics ( ! ,cont95t4 ,ev5 9 _! lit]>y recreations1 :ile !y acquir$ an elegance ( /yle :i* m>k$ a new era 9 ! lit]ature ( ,france1 !y betray$ _! ascetic _s4 ,poetry 0 only admissible :5 clo!d 9 a devotional g>b4 ,x 0 by /eal? t ,rac9e1 :o /udi$ at ,port-,royal1 indulg$ 8 poetic ve9 9 ! pr(ane pieces :i* aft]w>ds gave him celebrity4 ,& yet x is c&id to admit1 t ! mortifications 9 :i* ?is amiable frat]nity engag$1 consi/$ r 9 ! exclusion ( pleasure ?an ! infliction ( pa91 & t ! object aim$ at 9 ^! au/]ities 0 n s mu* to m]it heav5 z to atta9 an ideal p]fection on e>?4 ,port-,royalism1 9 %ort1 0 ,pop]y 9 its milde/ type1 z ,jesuitism is ,pop]y 9 its p]fection2 & _h x be5 possible to pres5t t sy/em 9 a =m calculat$ to dis>m prejudice & to cov] its native de=mities1 ! task might h be5 a*iev$ by ! pi\s devotees ( ,les ,granges4 ,b ! same m]ciful ,provid5ce :i*1 = ! pres]vation ( ! human species1 has furni%$ ! snake ) 8 rattle1 & taught ! lion to 8ro> = 8 prey10 has s ord]$ x t ! ,romi% ,*ur* %\ld betray h] real "*1 9 ord] t 8 p might 8come out ( h]1 & n be p>tak]s ( h] s9s1 t !y receive n ( h] plagues40 ,! :ole sy/em adopt$ at ,port-,royal 0 reg>d$1 f ! comm5cem5t1 ) extreme jeal\sy by ! au?orities ( t ,*ur*2 ! s*ools 7 soon disp]s$1 & ! ,jesuits nev] re/$ till !y _h de/roy$ e ve/ige ( ! obnoxi\s e/abli%m5t4 ,! enemies ( ,port-,royal h attempt$ to %[ t ,/4 ,cyran & 8 associates _h =m$ a deep-laid plot = ov]turn+ ! ,roman ,ca?olic fai?4 ,f "t to "t1 d[n to ! pres5t day1 works h appe>$1 "u ! auspices ( ! ,jesuits1 9 :i* ?is *>ge is reit]at$2 & ! old calumnies aga9/ ! sect are reviv$--a p]iodical trampl+ on ! a%es ( ! poor ,jans5i/s 7aft] hav+ accompli%$ _! ru9 two hundr$ ye>s ago71 :i* rem9ds "o ( no?+ s mu* z ! significant gr9n+ & yell+ ) :i* ! mod]n ,jews celebrate to ?is day ! d[nfal ( ,haman ! ,agagite4#bi ,9 "o po9t only c\ld _! assailants f9d room to "q _! or?odoxy--! supremacy ( ! pope4 ,"h1 c]ta9ly1 !y 7 l$1 m f circum/ances ?an f incl9ation1 to lean to ! side ( ! ,gallican lib]ties4 ,b ev5 ,jans5 himself1 aft] sp5d+ a lifetime on 8 8,augu/9us10 & leav+ x beh9d him z a sacr$ legacy1 ab&on$ himself & 8 treatise to ! judgm5t ( ! pope4 ,! foll[+ are 8 words1 dictat$ by him half an h\r be=e 8 dea?3 8,i feel t x w be difficult to alt] any?+4 ,yet if ! ,romi% see %\ld wi% any?+ to be alt]$1 ,i am h] ob$i5t son2 & to t ,*ur* 9 :i* ,i h always liv$1 ev5 to ?is b$ ( dea?1 ,i w prove ob$i5t4 ,?is is my la/ w40 ,! same s5tim5t is express$ by ,pascal1 9 "o ( 8 lett]s4 ,alas6 h[ sad is ! pr$icam5t 9 :i* ! ,*ur* ( ,rome places h] consci5ti\s vot>ies6 ,bo? ( ^! excell5t m5 7 z firmly p]suad$1 no d\bt1 ( ! fai? :i* !y taught1 z ( ! facts :i* came "u _! obs]vation2 & yet !y held !mselves b\nd to ca/ _! religi\s convictions at ! feet ( a fell[-mortal1 notori\sly "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,jesuits1 & pr(ess$ !mselves ready1 at a signal f ,rome1 to r5\nce :at !y held z div9e tru?1 & to embrace :at !y reg>d$ z damnable error6 ,a spectacle m pa9ful & pite\s c h>dly be imag9$ ?an t ( su* m5 /ruggl+ betwe5 ! dictates ( consci5ce1 & ! night-m>e ( t 8/rong delusion10 :i* l$ !m to 8believe a lie40 ,9 e feature t di/+ui%$ ! ,port-,royali/s1 !y /ood oppos$ to ! ,jesuits4 ,9 !ology !y 7 antipodes--9 le>n+ !y 7 rivals4 ,! s*ools ( ,port-,royal already eclips$ ^? ( ! ,jesuits1 ^: policy x has always be5 to monopolize education1 "u ! pretext ( *>ity4 ,b ! ,jans5i/s might h be5 all[$ to reta9 _! peculi> t5ets1 _h !y n t\*$ ! idol ( e ,jesuit1 8! glory ( ! ,society10 by supplant+ !m 9 ! confessional4 ,! prie/s connect$ ) ,port-,royal1 f _! primitive simplicity ( mann]s & sev]ity ( morals1 &1 above all1 f _! spiritual ,*ri/ianity1 acquir$ a popul>ity :i* c\ld n fail to give mortal (f5ce to ! ,society1 :o !n rul$ ! c\ncils bo? ( ! ,*ur* & ! nation4 ,no?+ less ?an ! annihilation ( ! :ole p>ty w\ld satisfy _! v5geful purpose4 ,9 ?is nef>i\s design !y 7 p[]fully aid$ by ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu1 & by ,l\is ,,xiv41 a pr9ce :o1 ?\gh yet a m]e y\?1 0 entirely "u ,jesuitical influ5ce 9 matt]s ( religion2 & :o1 hav+ resolv$ to extirpate ,prote/antism1 c\ld n well endure ! exi/5ce ( a sect )9 ! ,*ur*1 :i* seem$ to favor ! ,re=mation by expos+ ! corruptions ( ! cl]gy4#cj ,to effect _! object1 ,/4 ,cyran1 ! lead] & ornam5t ( ! p>ty1 requir$ to be dispos$ (4 ,he 0 accus$ ( v>i\s articles ( h]esy2 & ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu at once gratifi$ 8 p>ty res5tm5t & sav$ himself ! tr\ble ( controv]sy1 by immur+ him 9 ! dungeon ( ,v9c5nes4 ,9 ?is prison ,/4 ,cyran langui%$ = five ye>s1 & surviv$ 8 release only a few mon?s1 hav+ di$ 9 ,octob]1 #afdc4 ,8 place1 h[ev]1 z lead] ( ! ,jans5i/ p>ty1 0 suppli$ by "o de/9$ to annoy ! ,jesuits by 8 controv]sial tal5ts fully m ?an 8 pr$ecessor _h done by 8 apo/olic sanctity4 ,an?ony ,arnauld may be said to h be5 born an enemy to ! ,jesuits4 ,8 fa!r1 a celebrat$ lawy]1 _h di/+ui%$ himself = 8 opposition to ! ,society1 & hav+ engag$ 9 an important law-suit aga9/ !m1 9 :i* he w>mly plead$1 9 ! "n ( ! univ]sity1 t !y %\ld be int]dict$ f ! education ( y\?1 & ev5 expell$ f ! k+dom4 ,an?ony1 :o inh]it$ 8 _s1 0 ! y\nge/ 9 a family ( tw5ty *ildr51 & 0 born ,febru>y #f1 #afab4ca ,sev]al ( !m 7 connect$ ) ,port-,royal4 ,8 si/]1 z we h se51 became its abbess2 & five o!r si/]s 7 nuns 9 t e/abli%m5t4 ,he is said to h giv5 precoci\s pro( ( 8 polemic turn4 ,busy+ himself1 :5 a m]e boy1 ) "s pap]s 9 8 uncle's libr>y1 & be+ ask$ :at he 0 ab\t1 he repli$1 8,don't y see t ,i am help+ y to refute ! ,hugonots80 ,?is progno/ication he c]ta9ly v]ifi$ 9 aft] life4 ,he wrote1 ) almo/ equal vehem5ce1 aga9/ ,rome1 aga9/ ! ,jesuits1 & aga9/ ! ,prote/ants4 ,he 01 = _m ye>s1 ! facile pr9ceps ( ! p>ty t]m$ ,jans5i/s2 & 0 "o ( ^? *>act]s :o pres5t to ! public an aspect ne>ly ! rev]se ( ! e/imate =m$ ( !m by _! private fri5ds4 ,by ! latt] he is repres5t$ z ! be/ ( m51 totally free f pride & passion4 ,judg+ f 8 physiognomy1 8 writ+s & 8 life1 we w\ld say ! natural temp] ( ,arnauld 0 au/]e & indomitable4 ,expell$ f ! ,sorbonne1 driv5 out ( ,france1 & hunt$ f place to place1 he cont9u$ to fight to ! la/4 ,on "o occasion1 wi%+ 8 fri5d ,nicole to assi/ him 9 a new "w1 ! latt] obs]v$1 8,we are n[ old1 is x n "t to re/80 8,re/60 exclaim$ ,arnauld1 8h we n all et]nity to re/ 980 ,su* 0 ! "* ( ! man :o n[ ent]$ ! li/s aga9/ ! r$\btable ,society4 ,8 fir/ (f5ce 0 ! publication1 9 #afdc1 ( a book on 8,frequ5t ,communion20 9 :i*1 :ile he inculcates ! necessity ( a spiritual prep>ation = ! eu*>i/1 he ins9uat$ t ! ,*ur* ( ,rome _h a two-fold head1 9 ! p]sons ( ,pet] & ,paul4#cb ,8 next 0 9 ! %ape ( two lett]s1 publi%$ 9 #afef1 occasion$ by a dispute ref]r$ to 9 ! fir/ ,prov9cial ,lett]1 9 :i* he decl>$ t he _h n be5 able to f9d ! condemn$ propositions 9 ,jans51 & add$ "s op9ions on grace4 ,! fir/ ( ^! ass]tions 0 deem$ d]ogatory to ! holy see2 ! second 0 *>g$ ) h]esy4 ,! ,jesuits1 :o sigh$ = an opportunity ( humbl+ ! obnoxi\s doctor1 /ra9$ e n]ve to procure 8 expulsion f ! ,sorbonne1 or college ( div9ity 9 ! univ]sity4 ,?is object !y _h j accompli%$1 & ev]y?+ promis$ fair to secure _! triumph1 :5 ano!r combatant unexpect$ly appe>$1 l "o ( ^? closely-visor$ knights ( :om we read 9 romance1 :o s opportunely ent] ! field at ! critical mom5t1 & ) _! s+le arm turn ! tide ( battle4 ,ne$ we say t we allude to ! au?or ( ! ,,prov9cial ,,lett]s8 ,bayle comm5ces 8 ,life ( ,pascal by decl>+ him to be 8"o ( ! sublime/ g5iuses t ! _w ev] produc$40 ,seldom1 at lea/1 has ! _w ev] se5 su* a comb9ation ( excell5ces 9 "o man4 ,9 him we are call$ to admire ! l(tie/ attributes ( m9d ) ! lovelie/ simplicity ( moral "*4 ,he is a r>e example ( "o born ) a natural g5ius = ! exact sci5ces1 :o appli$ ! subtlety ( 8 m9d to religi\s subjects1 comb9+ ) ! close/ logic ! utmo/ elegance ( /yle1 & cr[n+ all ) a simple & pr(\nd piety4 ,blaise ,pascal 0 born at ,cl]mont1 #ai? ,june1 #afbc4 ,8 family _h be5 ennobl$ by ,l\is ,,xi41 & 8 fa!r1 ,/eph5 ,pascal1 occupi$ a high po/ 9 ! civil gov]nm5t4 ,blaise manife/$ f an e>ly age a /rong lik+ = ! /udy ( ma!matics1 &1 :ile yet a *ild1 made "s a/oni%+ discov]ies 9 natural philosophy4 ,to ^! /udies he devot$ ! great] "p ( 8 life4 ,an incid5t1 h[ev]1 :i* occurr$ 9 8 ?irty-fir/ ye>--a n>r[ escape f sudd5 dea?--_h ! effect ( giv+ an entire *ange to ! curr5t ( 8 ?\ghts4 ,he reg>d$ x z a message f heav51 call+ him to r5\nce all secul> occupations1 & devote himself exclusively to ,god4 ,8 si/] & niece be+ nuns 9 ,port-,royal1 he 0 naturally l$ to associate ) ^? :o !n began to be call$ ,jans5i/s4 ,b ?\gh he _h sev]al ( ! writ+s ( ! p>ty1 !re c be no d\bt t x 0 ! devotion r ?an ! !ology ( ,port-,royal t con/itut$ its *>m 9 ! eyes ( ,pascal4 ,8 si/] in=ms u1 9 h] memoirs ( him1 t 8he _h nev] appli$ himself to ab/ruse que/ions 9 div9ity40 ,nor1 beyond a tempor>y retreat to ,port-,royal des ,*amps1 & an intimacy ) its lead+ solit>ies1 c he be said to h _h any connection ) t e/abli%m5t4 ,8 fragile frame1 :i* 0 ! victim ( complicat$ disease1 & 8 fem99e delicacy ( _s1 unfitt+ him = ! r\gh collisions ( ord9>y life1 he f\nd a cong5ial retreat amid/ ^! lit]>y solitudes2 :ile1 ) 8 cle> & compreh5sive m9d1 & 8 g5u9e piety ( he>t1 he mu/ h sympa?iz$ ) ^? :o s\ght to remove f ! ,*ur* corruptions :i* he c\ld n fail to deplore1 & to r5ovate ! _s ( t ,*ri/ianity :i* he lov$ f> above any ( its organiz$ =ms4 ,8 life1 n unlike a p]petual miracle1 is ev] excit+ our admiration1 n unm+l$1 h[ev]1 ) pity4 ,we see great tal5ts enli/$ 9 ! support1 n inde$ ( ! errors ( a sy/em1 b ( a sy/em ( errors--we see a noble m9d debilitat$ by sup]/ition--we see a useful life prematurely t]m9at+ 91 if n %ort5$ by1 ! petty au/]ities & solicitudes ( mona/icism4 ,tru? requires u to /ate1 t he n only d5i$ himself1 at la/1 ! mo/ common com=ts ( life1 b wore b5ea? 8 clo!s a girdle ( iron1 ) %>p po9ts1 :i*1 z soon z he felt any pleasurable s5sation1 he w\ld /rike ) 8 elb[1 s z to =ce ! po9ts ( iron m deeply into 8 sides4 ,let ! ,*ur*1 :i* taught him su* folly1 be responsible = x2 & let u ascribe to ! grace ( ,god ! pati5ce1 ! meekness1 ! *>ity1 & ! fai?1 :i* hov]$1 s]aph-wise1 ov] ! dea?-b$ ( expir+ g5ius4 ,! curate :o att5d$ him1 /ruck ) ! triumph ( religion ov] ! pride ( an intellect :i* cont9u$ to burn aft] x _h ceas$ to blaze1 w\ld frequ5tly exclaim3 8,he is an infant--humble & submissive z an infant60 ,he di$ on ! #ai? ( ,augu/1 #affb1 ag$ ?irty-n9e ye>s & two mon?s4 ,:ile ,arnauld's process be=e ! ,sorbonne 0 9 dep5d5ce1 a few ( 8 fri5ds1 among :om 7 ,pascal & ,nicole1 7 9 ! habit ( meet+ privately at ,port-,royal1 to consult on ! measures !y %\ld adopt4 ,dur+ ^! conf]5ces "o ( _! numb] said to ,arnauld3 8,w y really suff] y\rself to be condemn$ l a *ild1 )\t say+ a ^w1 or tell+ ! public ! real /ate ( ! "q80 ,! re/ concurr$1 & 9 compliance ) _! solicitations1 ,arnauld1 aft] "s days1 produc$ & read be=e !m a long & s]i\s v9dication ( himself4 ,8 audi5ce li/5$ 9 coolness & sil5ce1 ^u :i* he rem>k$3 8,i see y don't ?9k highly ( my production1 & ,i believe y are "r2 b10 add$ he1 turn+ himself r\nd & address+ ,pascal1 8y :o are "y1 :y _c y produce some?+80 ,! appeal 0 n lo/ ^u our au?or2 he _h hi!rto writt5 almo/ no?+1 b he engag$ to try a sket* or r\gh draft1 :i* !y might fill up2 & retir+ to 8 room1 he produc$1 9 a few h\rs1 in/ead ( a sket*1 ! fir/ lett] to a prov9cial4 ,on read+ ?is to 8 assembl$ fri5ds1 ,arnauld exclaim$1 8,t is excell5t6 t w g d[n2 we mu/ h x pr9t$ imm$iately40 ,pascal _h1 9 fact1 ) ! native sup]iority ( g5ius1 pit*$ on ! v tone :i*1 9 a controv]sy ( ?is k9d1 0 calculat$ to arre/ ! public m9d4 ,treat+ !ology 9 a /yle entirely new1 he br\ght d[n ! subject to ! compreh5sion ( all1 & translat$ into ! pleasantries ( com$y1 & famili>ities ( dialogue1 discussions :i* _h till !n be5 conf9$ to ! grave utt]ances ( ! s*ool4 ,! framework :i* he adopt$ 9 8 fir/ lett] 0 exce$+ly happy4 ,a ,p>isian is suppos$ to transmit to "o ( 8 fri5ds 9 ! prov9ces an acc\nt ( ! disputes ( ! day4 ,x is said t ! prov9cial ) :om he affect$ to correspond 0 ,p]ri]1 :o _h m>ri$ "o ( 8 si/]s4 ,h5ce arose ! "n ( ! ,prov9cials1 :i* 0 giv5 to ! re/ ( ! lett]s4 ,?is title !y owe1 x w\ld appe>1 to a mi/ake ( ! pr9t]2 = 9 an adv]tisem5t prefix$ to "o ( ! e>ly editions1 x is /at$ t 8!y h be5 call$ #8,prov9cials1' because ! fir/ hav+ be5 address$ )\t any "n to a p]son 9 ! c\ntry1 ! pr9t] publi%$ x "u ! title #8,lett] writt5 to a ,prov9cial by "o ( 8 ,fri5ds4'0 ,?is may be reg>d$ z an apology = ! use ( a t]m :i*1 critically speak+1 0 r unhappy4 ,! ^w prov9cial 9 ,fr5*1 :5 us$ to signify a p]son resid+ 9 ! prov9ces1 0 g5]ally und]/ood 9 a bad s5se1 z d5ot+ an unpoli%$ cl[n4#cc ,b ! title1 unc\? z x is1 has be5 canoniz$ & made classical =ev]2 & 8,! ,prov9cials0 is a phrase :i* x w\ld n[ be fully z ridicul\s to attempt to *ange z x c\ld be at fir/ to apply x to ! ,lett]s4 ,! mo/ trifl+ p>ticul>s connect$ ) su* a publication possess an int]e/4 ,! ,lett]s1 we le>n1 7 publi%$ at fir/ 9 sep>ate /it*$ %eets ( a qu>to size2 &1 on acc\nt ( _! brevity1 none ( !m ext5d+ to m ?an "o %eet ( eight pages1 except ! la/ ?ree1 :i* 7 some:at long]1 !y 7 at fir/ kn[n by ! "n ( ! 8,,little ,,lett]s40 ,no /at$ "t 0 obs]v$ 9 _! publication4 ,! fir/ lett] appe>$ ,janu>y #ac1 #afef1 be+ on a ,w$nesday2 ! second on ,janu>y #bi1 be+ ,saturday2 & ! re/ 7 issu$ at int]vals v>y+ f a week to a mon?1 till ,m>* #bd1 #afeg1 :i* is ! date ( ! la/ lett] 9 ! s]ies2 ! :ole ?us ext5d+ ov] ! space ( a ye> & ?ree mon?s4 ,all acc\nts agree 9 /at+ t ! impression produc$ by ! ,prov9cials1 on _! fir/ appe>ance1 0 q unexampl$4 ,!y 7 circulat$ 9 ?\s&s 9 ,p>is & ?r\gh\t ,france4 ,speak+ ( ! fir/ lett]1 ,fa!r ,daniel says3 8,x creat$ a fracas :i* fill$ ! fa!rs ( ! ,society ) con/]nation4 ,nev] did ! po/-(fice reap great] pr(its2 copies 7 despat*$ ov] ! :ole k+dom2 & ,i myself1 ?\gh v little kn[n to ! g5tlem5 ( ,port-,royal1 receiv$ a l>ge packet ( !m1 po/-paid1 9 a t[n ( ,brittany :]e ,i 0 !n resid+40 ,! same me?od 0 foll[$ ) ! re/ ( ! lett]s4 ,! sev5? f\nd its way to ,c>d9al ,maz>91 :o laugh$ ov] x v he>tily4 ,! eigh? did n appe> till a mon? aft] its pr$ecessor1 app>5tly to keep up expectation4#cd ,9 %ort1 ev]ybody read ! 8,little ,lett]s10 &1 :atev] might be _! op9ions ( ! po9ts 9 dispute1 all agre$ 9 admir+ ! g5ius :i* !y display$4 ,!y 7 f\nd ly+ on ! m]*ant's c\nt]1 ! lawy]'s desk1 ! doctor's table1 ! lady's toilet2 & ev]y:]e !y 7 s\ght = & p]us$ ) ! same avidity4#ce ,! success ( ! ,lett]s 9 ga9+ _! object 0 n less extraord9>y4 ,! ,jesuits 7 fairly *eckmat$2 & ?\gh !y succe$$ 9 c>ry+ ?r\gh ! c5sure ( ,arnauld1 ! public sympa?y 0 enli/$ 9 8 favor4 ,! confessionals & *ur*es ( ! ,jesuits 7 des]t$1 :ile ^? ( _! oppon5ts 7 cr[d$ ) admir+ ?\s&s4#cf 8,t book alone10 says "o ( its bitt]e/ enemies1 8has done m = ! ,jans5i/s ?an ! #8,augu/9us' ( ,jans51 & all ! works ( ,arnauld put toge!r40#cg ,?is is ! m surpris+ :5 we consid] t1 at t "t1 ! influ5ce ( ! ,jesuits 0 s high 9 ! asc5dant1 t ,arnauld _h to cont5d ) ! pope1 ! k+1 ! *ancellor1 ! cl]gy1 ! ,sorbonne1 ! univ]sities1 & ! great body ( ! populace2 & t nev] 0 ,jans5ism at a l[] ebb1 or m g5]ally ana!matiz$ ?an :5 ! fir/ ,prov9cial ,lett] appe>$4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 0 n all4 ,besides hav+ ! tide ( public favor turn$ aga9/ !m1 ! ,jesuits f\nd !mselves ! objects ( univ]sal d]ision4 ,! names ( _! favorite casui/s 7 conv]t$ into prov]bs3 ,escob>d] came to signify ! same ?+ ) 8palt]+ 9 a d\ble s5se20 ,fa!r ,bauny's grotesque maxims furni%$ topics = p]petual bad9age2 & ! ,jesuits1 :]ev] !y w5t1 7 assail$ ) inext+ui%able laught]4 ,by no o!r me?od c\ld ,pascal h s sev]ely /ung ?is pr\d & self-conceit$ ,society4 ,! rage into :i* !y 7 ?r[n 0 extreme1 & 0 v>i\sly express$4 ,at "o "t x f\nd v5t 9 calumnies & ?reats ( v5geance4 ,at o!r times !y indulg$ 9 pu]ile lam5tations4 ,x 0 amus+ to he> ^! /alw>t div9es1 aft] brea?+ fire & slaught] aga9/ _! enemies1 assume ! qu]ul\s tones ( injur$ & oppress$ innoc5ce4 8,! p]secution :i* ! ,jesuits suff] f ! buffoon]ies ( ,port-,royal10 !y said1 8is p]fectly intol]able3 ! :eel & ! gibbet are no?+ to x2 x c only be comp>$ to ! torture inflict$ on ! anci5t m>tyrs1 :o 7 fir/ rubb$ ov] ) honey & !n left to be /ung to dea? by wasps & wild bees4 ,_! tyrants h subject$ !m to empoison$ raill]y1 & ! _w leaves !m unpiti$ to suff] a sweet dea?1 m cruel 9 its sweetness ?an ! bitt]e/ puni%m5t40#ch ,! ,lett]s 7 publi%$ anonym\sly1 "u ! fictiti\s signature ( ,l\is de ,montalte1 & ! greate/ c>e 0 tak5 to pres]ve ! secret ( _! au?or%ip4 ,z on all su* occasions1 _m 7 ! guesses made1 & ! false reports circulat$2 b beyond ! circle ( ,pascal's p]sonal fri5ds1 none knew him to be ! au?or1 nor 0 ! fact c]ta9ly or publicly kn[n till aft] 8 dea?4 ,! foll[+ anecdote %[s1 h[ev]1 t he 0 suspect$1 & 0 once v ne>ly discov]$3 ,aft] publi%+ ! ?ird lett]1 ,pascal left ,port-,royal des ,*amps1 to avoid be+ di/urb$1 & took up 8 resid5ce 9 ,p>is1 "u ! "n ( ,m4 de ,mons1 9 a hotel g>ni1 at ! sign ( ! ,k+ ( ,d5m>k1 ,rue des ,poiri]s1 exactly opposite ! college ( ! ,jesuits4 ,"h he 0 jo9$ by 8 bro!r-9-law1 ,p]ri]1 :o pass$ z ! ma/] ( ! h\se4 ,"o day ,p]ri] receiv$ a visit f 8 relative1 ,fa!r ,frtat1 a ,jesuit1 accompani$ by a bro!r monk4 ,frtat told him t ! ,society suspect$ ,m4 ,pascal to be ! au?or ( ! 8,little ,lett]s10 :i* 7 mak+ su* a noise1 & advis$ him z a fri5d to prevail on 8 bro!r-9-law to desi/ f writ+ any m ( !m1 z he might o!rwise involve himself 9 mu* tr\ble1 & ev5 dang]4 ,p]ri] ?ank$ him = 8 advice1 b said he 0 afraid x w\ld be altoge!r useless1 z ,pascal w\ld j reply t he c\ld n h9d] p f suspect+ him1 & t ?\gh he %\ld d5y x !y w\ld n believe him4 ,! monks took _! dep>ture1 mu* to ! relief ( ,p]ri]1 = at t v "t sev]al %eets ( ! sev5? or eigh? lett]1 newly come f ! pr9t]1 7 ly+ on ! b$1 :]e !y _h be5 plac$ = ! purpose ( dry+1 b1 =tunately1 ?\gh ! curta9s 7 only p>tially drawn1 & "o ( ! monks sat v close to ! b$1 !y 7 n obs]v$4 ,p]ri] ran imm$iately to communicate ! incid5t to 8 bro!r-9-law1 :o 0 9 an adjo9+ ap>tm5t2 & he _h reason to congratulate him on ! n>r[ escape :i* he _h made4#ci ,z ,pascal proce$$1 he transmitt$ 8 manuscripts to ,port-,royal des ,*amps1 :]e !y 7 c>efully revis$ & correct$ by ,arnauld & ,nicole4 ,occasionally1 ^! exp]t div9es sugge/$ ! plans ( ! lett]s2 & by !m he 01 beyond all d\bt1 furni%$ ) mo/ ( 8 quotations f ! volum9\s writ+s ( ! casui/s1 :i*1 ) ! exception ( ,escob>1 he appe>s nev] to h read4 ,we mu/ n suppose1 h[ev]1 t he took ^! on tru/1 or gave himself no tr\ble to v]ify !m4 ,we %all aft]w>ds h pro( ( ! contr>y4 ,! fir/ lett]s he compos$ ) ! rapidity ( new-born en?usiasm2 b ! pa9s & m5tal ex]tion :i* he be/[$ on ! re/ are almo/ incr$ible4 ,nicole says 8he 0 (t5 tw5ty :ole days on a s+le lett]3 & "s ( !m he recomm5c$ sev5 or eight times be=e br++ !m to _! pres5t /ate ( p]fection40#dj ,we are assur$ t he wrote ov] ! eighte5? lett] no less ?an ?irte5 times4#da ,hav+ be5 oblig$ to ha/5 ! publication ( ! sixte5?1 on acc\nt ( a se>* made aft] x 9 ! pr9t+ (fice1 he apologizes = its l5g? on ! gr\nd t 8he _h f\nd no "t to make x %ort]40#db ,! fruits ( ?is extraord9>y elaboration appe> 9 e lett]2 b :at is equally rem>kable1 is ! art ) :i* s _m deta*$ lett]s1 writt5 at di/ant int]vals1 & prompt$ by pass+ ev5ts1 h be5 s arrang$ z to =m an h>moni\s :ole4 ,! fir/ ?ree lett]s ref] to ,arnauld's affair2 ! que/ions ( grace are b slightly t\*$1 ! ma9 object be+ to int]e/ ! read] 9 favor ( ! ,jans5i/s1 & excite 8 contempt & indignation aga9/ _! oppon5ts4 ,aft] ?is prelude1 ! f\r? lett] s]ves z a transition to ! foll[+ six1 9 :i* he takes up maxims ( ! casui/s4 ,9 ! eight conclud+ lett]s he resumes ! gr& objects ( ! "w--! morals ( ! ,jesuits & ! "q ( grace4 ,^! ?ree p>ts h ea* _! peculi> /yle4 ,! fir/ is di/+ui%$ = lively dialogue & rep>tee4 ,jacob9s1 ,mol9i/s1 & ,jans5i/s are br\ght on ! /age1 & speak 9 "*1 :ile ,pascal does little m ?an act z report]4 ,9 ! second "p1 he comes into p]sonal contact ) a casui/ical doctor1 & extracts f him1 "u ! pretext ( desir+ in=mation1 "s ( ! weake/ & wor/ ( 8 maxims4 ,at ! elev5? lett]1 ,pascal ?r[s (f 8 disguise1 & address+ himself directly to ! :ole ord] ( ! ,jesuits1 & to _! ,prov9cial by "n1 he p\rs out 8 :ole s\l 9 an impetu\s & impassion$ torr5t ( declamation4 ,f beg9n+ to end x is a well-su/a9$ battle1 9 :i* ! weapons are only *ang$ 9 ord] to /rike ! h>d]4 ,! lit]>y m]its ( ! ,prov9cials h be5 univ]sally ackn[l$g$ & applaud$4 ,on ?is po9t1 :]e ,pascal's c\ntrym5 mu/ be consid]$ ! mo/ compet5t judges1 we h ! te/imonies ( ! lead+ spirits ( ,france4 ,boileau pron\nc$ x a "w t has 8surpass$ at once ! anci5ts & ! mod]ns40 ,p]rault has giv5 a simil> judgm5t3 8,!re is m wit 9 ^! eighte5 lett]s ?an 9 ,plato's ,dialogues2 m delicate & artful raill]y ?an 9 ^? ( ,lucian2 & m /r5g? & +5uity ( reason+ ?an 9 ! orations ( ,cic]o4 ,we h no?+ m beautiful 9 ?is species ( writ+40#dc 8,pascal's /yle10 says ! ,abb d',artigny1 8has nev] be5 surpass$1 nor p]haps equall$40#dd ,! high encomium ( ,voltaire is well kn[n3 8,! ,prov9cial ,lett]s 7 models ( eloqu5ce & pleasantry4 ,! be/ com$ies ( ,molire h n m wit 9 !m ?an ! fir/ lett]s2 ,bossuet has no?+ m sublime ?an ! la/ ones40 ,aga91 ! same writ] says3 8,! fir/ "w ( g5ius t appe>$ 9 prose 0 ! collection ( ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s4 ,examples ( e species ( eloqu5ce may !re be f\nd4 ,!re is n a s+le ^w 9 x :i*1 aft] a hundr$ ye>s1 has und]gone ! *ange to :i* all liv+ languages are liable4 ,we may ref] to ?is "w ! era :5 our language became fix$4 ,! ,bi%op ( ,luon told me1 t hav+ ask$ ! ,bi%op ( ,meaux :at "w he w\ld wi% mo/ to h be5 ! au?or (1 sett+ 8 own works aside1 ,bossuet in/antly repli$1 #8,! ,prov9cial ,lett]s4'0#de 8,pascal succe$$ beyond all expression10 says ,d',alemb]t2 8sev]al ( 8 bon-mots h become prov]bial 9 our language1 & ! ,prov9cials w be ev] reg>d$ z a model ( ta/e & /yle40#df ,to ?is day ! same high eulogiums are pass$ on ! "w by ! be/ s*ol>s ( ,france4#dg ,to ^! te/imonies x w\ld be sup]flu\s to add any criticism ( our own1 7 x n to prep>e ! ,engli% read] = ! peculi> "* ( our au?or's /yle4 ,pascal's wit is ess5tially ,fr5*4 ,x is n ! broad humor ( ,smollet2 x is n ! cool irony ( ,swift2 f> less is x ! env5om$ s>casm ( ,junius4 ,x is wit--! lively1 polite1 piquant wit ( ! e>ly ,fr5* s*ool4 ,no?+ c be f9] ?an its _s2 b f its v f95ess x is apt to evaporate 9 ! act ( transfusion into ano!r tongue4 ,no?+ c be m +5i\s ?an ! transitions by :i* ! au?or glides ins5sibly f "o topic to ano!r2 & 9 ! m s]i\s lett]s1 we _c fail to be /ruck ) ! ma!matical precision ( 8 reason+4 ,b !re is a species ( it]ation1 & a /yle ( dovetail+ 8 s5tim5ts1 :i* does n q accord ) our ta/e2 & ! =eign texture ( :i*1 9 spite ( e ef=t to ! contr>y1 mu/ %9e ?r\gh any translation4 ,high z ! ,prov9cials /& 9 ! lit]>y _w1 !y 7 n suff]$ to pass )\t c5sure 9 ! high places ( ! ,*ur*4 ,! fir/ effect ( _! publication1 inde$1 0 to raise a /orm aga9/ ! casui/s1 :om ,pascal _h s effectually expos$4 ,! curs ( ,p>is1 & aft]w>ds ! assembly ( ! cl]gy1 %ock$ at ! discov]y ( su* a s9k ( corruption1 ! exi/5ce ( :i*1 ?\gh j b5ea? _! feet1 !y nev] appe> to h suspect$1 det]m9$ to in/itute an exam9ation into ! subject4 ,hi!rto ! t5ets ( ! casui/s1 buri$ 9 huge folios1 or only taught 9 ! colleges ( ! ,jesuits1 _h escap$ public obs]vation4 ,! cl]gy resolv$ to comp>e ! quotations ( ,pascal ) ^! writ+s2 & ! result ( ! inve/igation 01 t he 0 f\nd to be p]fectly correct1 :ile a multitude ( o!r maxims1 equally sc&al\s1 7 dragg$ to light4 ,^! 7 condemn$ 9 a g5]al assembly ( ! cl]gy4#dh ,un=tunately = ! ,jesuits1 !y _h n a s+le writ] at ! "t capable ( conduct+ _! v9dication4 ,sev]al replies to ! ,prov9cials 7 attempt$ :ile !y 7 9 ! c\rse ( publication2 b ^! 7 tak5 up by ! r$\btable ,montalte1 & fairly /rangl$ at _! bir?4#di ,%ortly aft] ! ,lett]s 7 f9i%$1 !re appe>$ 8,an ,apology = ! ,casui/s10 ! production ( a ,jesuit nam$ ,pirot1 :o1 ) a folly & frankness :i* prov$ ne>ly z fatal to 8 ord] z x did to himself1 attempt$ to v9dicate ! wor/ maxims ( ! casui/ical s*ool4 ,?is ,apology 0 condemn$ by ! ,sorbonne1 & subsequ5tly at ,rome2 its au?or di$ ( *agr91 & ! ,jesuits fell into tempor>y disgrace4#ej ,b1 ) t t5aci\sness ( life & ela/icity ( limb :i* h ev] di/+ui%$ ! ,society1 x 0 n long be=e !y reb\nd$ f _! fall & rega9$ _! feet4 ,unable to answ] ! ,lett]s1 !y succe$$ 9 obta9+1 9 ,febru>y1 #afeg1 _! condemnation by ! ,p>liam5t ( ,prov5ce1 by ^: ord]s !y 7 burnt on ! pillory by ! h&s ( ! common execution]4 ,n cont5t ) ?is clumsy me?od ( refutation1 !y succe$$ 9 procur+ ! =mal condemnation ( ! ,prov9cials by a c5sure ( ! pope1 ,alex&] ,,vii41 dat$ #f? ,septemb]1 #afeg4 ,9 ?is decree ! "w is 8prohibit$ & condemn$1 "u ! pa9s & c5sures conta9$ 9 ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 & 9 ! index ( prohibit$ books1 & o!r pa9s & c5sures :i* x may please 8 hol9ess to orda940 ,x is almo/ ne$less to say1 t ^! s5t5ces nei!r enhanc$ nor less5$ ! fame ( ! ,prov9cials4 ,x mu/ be int]e/+ to "k :at ! feel+s ( ,pascal 71 on le>n+ t ?is "w1 into :i* he _h ?r[n 8 :ole he>t1 & m9d1 & /r5g?1 & :i* may be said to h be5 at once 8 *ef-d'uvre & 8 confession ( fai?1 _h be5 condemn$ by ! head ( t ,*ur* :i* he _h hi!rto believ$ to be infallible4 ,w>p$ z 8 f9e _s 0 by education1 8 unb5d+ rectitude =bids ! supposition t he c\ld surr5d] 8 *]i%$ & consci5ti\s s5tim5ts at ! m]e dictum ( ! pope4 ,an incid5t occurr$ 9 #affa1 %ortly be=e 8 dea?1 /rik+ly illu/rative ( 8 consci5ti\sness1 & ( ! s9c]ity ( purpose ) :i* ! ,lett]s 7 writt54 ,! p]secution _h begun to rage aga9/ ,port-,royal2 "o m&em5t aft] ano!r1 requir+ subscription to ! condemnation ( ,jans51 came d[n f ! c\rt ( ,rome2 & ! poor nuns1 %r9k+1 on ! "o h&1 f violat+ _! consci5ces by subscrib+ :at !y believ$ to be an untru?1 & trembl+1 on ! o!r1 at ! consequ5ces ( disobey+ _! ecclesia/ical sup]iors1 7 ?r[n into ! mo/ di/ress+ emb>rassm5t4 ,_! 8ob/9acy10 z x 0 t]m$1 only provok$ _! p]secutors to m /r+5t dem&s4 ,9 ^! circum/ances1 ev5 ! /]n ,arnauld & ! consci5ti\s ,nicole 7 tempt$ to make "s compromise1 & drew up a decl>ation to accompany ! signature ( ! nuns1 :i* !y ?\ght might save at once ! tru? & _! consi/5cy4 ,to ?is ,pascal object$1 z n suffici5tly cle>1 & z leav+ x to be inf]r$ t !y condemn$ 8efficaci\s grace40 ,he c\ld n endure ! idea ( _! employ+ an ambigu\s /atem5t1 :i* appe>$1 or might be suppos$ by _! oppon5ts1 to grant :at !y did n really mean to conc$e4 ,! consequ5ce 0 a slight & tempor>y dispute--n affect+ pr9ciple s mu* z ! mode ( ma9ta9+ x--9 :i* ,pascal /ood alone aga9/ all ! memb]s ( ,port-,royal4 ,on "o occasion1 aft] exhau/+ 8 eloqu5ce ^u !m )\t success1 he 0 s deeply affect$1 t 8 feeble frame1 labor+ "u heada*e & o!r disord]s1 sunk "u ! excitem5t1 & he fell into a swoon4 ,aft] recov]+ 8 consci\sness1 he expla9$ ! cause ( 8 sudd5 illness1 9 answ] to ! affectionate inquiries ( 8 si/]3 8,:5 ,i saw ^?10 he said1 8:om ,i reg>d z ! p]sons to :om ,god has made kn[n 8 tru?1 & :o ought to be its *ampions1 all giv+ way1 ,i 0 s ov]come ) grief t ,i c\ld /& x no long]40 ,subsequ5t m&em5ts1 /ill m /r+5t1 soon sav$ ! poor nuns f ! temptation ( ambigu\s submissions1 & reconcil$ ,pascal & 8 fri5ds4#ea ,b we are =tunately furni%$ ) 8 own reflections on ! subject ( ! ,prov9cials1 9 8 celebrat$ 8,?\ghts on ,religion30 8,i fe>$10 says he1 8t ,i might h writt5 errone\sly1 :5 ,i saw myself condemn$2 b ! example ( s _m pi\s witnesses made me ?9k diff]5tly4 ,x is no long] all[able to write tru?4 ,,if ,,my ,,lett]s ,,are ,,condemn$ ,,at ,,rome1 ,,t ,,:i* ,i ,,condemn ,,9 ,,!m ,,is ,,condemn$ ,,9 ,,heav540#eb ,x is only necess>y to add1 t ,pascal cont9u$ to ma9ta9 8 s5tim5ts on ?is subject un*ang$ to ! la/4 ,on 8 dea?-b$1 ,m4 ,beurri]1 8 p>i% prie/1 adm9i/]$ to him ! la/ rites ( 8 ,*ur*1 & came to le>n1 aft] hav+ confess$ him1 t he 0 ! au?or ( ! 8,prov9cial ,lett]s40 ,full ( conc]n at hav+ absolv$ ! au?or ( a book condemn$ by ! pope1 ! good prie/ return$1 & ask$ him if x 0 true1 & if he _h no remorse ( consci5ce on t acc\nt4 ,pascal repli$1 t 8he c\ld assure him1 z "o :o 0 n[ ab\t to give an acc\nt to ,god ( all 8 actions1 t 8 consci5ce gave him no tr\ble on t score2 & t 9 ! composition ( t "w he 0 influ5c$ by no mad motive1 b solely by reg>d to ! glory ( ,god & ! v9dication ( tru?1 & n 9 ! lea/ by any passion or p]sonal feel+ aga9/ ! ,jesuits40 ,attempts 7 made by ,p]efixe1 ar*bi%op ( ,p>is1 fir/ to bully ! prie/ = hav+ absolv$ su* an imp5it5t (f5d]1#ec & aft]w>ds to =ce him into a false acc\nt ( 8 p5it5t's confession4 ,x 0 confid5tly report$1 on ! pret5d$ au?ority ( ! confessor1 t ,pascal _h express$ 8 sorr[ = hav+ writt5 ! ,prov9cials1 & t he _h condemn$ 8 fri5ds ( ,port-,royal = want ( due respect to papal au?ority4 ,bo? ^! allegations 7 aft]w>ds di/9ctly refut$--! fir/ by ! writt5 av[al ( ,m4 ,beurri]1 & ! o!r by two depositions =mally made by ,nicole1 %[+ t ! real gr\nd ( ,pascal's brief disagreem5t ) 8 fri5ds 0 directly ! rev]se ( t :i* _h be5 assign$4#ed ,few books h pass$ ?r\gh m editions ?an ! ,prov9cials4 ,! foll[+1 among _m o!rs1 may be m5tion$ z ,fr5* editions3--,! fir/1 9 #afef1 #dto2 a second 9 #afeg1 #abmo2 a ?ird 9 #afeh1 #hvo2 a f\r? 9 #afei1 #hvo2 a fif? 9 #afff1 #abmo2 a six? 9 #affg1 #hvo2 a sev5? 9 #affi1 #abmo2 an eigh? 9 #afhi1 #hvo2 a n9? 9 #agab1 #hvo2 a t5? 9 #agfg1 #abmo4#ee ,! lat] editions are beyond enum]ation4 ,! ,lett]s 7 translat$ into ,lat91 dur+ ! lifetime ( ,pascal1 by 8 intimate fri5d1 ! le>n$ & indefatigable ,nicole1 "u ! assum$ "n ( 8,william ,w5drock1 a ,saltzburg div9e40#ef ,nicole1 :o 0 a complete ma/] ( ,lat91 has giv5 an elegant1 ?\gh some:at free v]sion ( 8 fri5d's "w4 ,he has frequ5tly add$ to ! quotations tak5 f ! writ+s ( ! ,jesuits & o!rs2 a lib]ty :i* he d\btless felt himself ! m w>rant$ to take1 f ! %>e he _h 9 ! orig9al concoction ( ! ,lett]s4 ,nicole's prelim9>y diss]tation & notes 7 translat$ by ,mademoiselle de ,jonc\rt1 a lady1 x is said1 8possess$ ( tal5ts & piety1 :o1 to ! graces peculi> to h] own sex1 add$ ! accompli%m5ts :i* are ! ornam5t ( ours40#eg ,besides ?is1 ! ,prov9cials h be5 translat$ into ne>ly all ! languages ( ,europe4 ,bayle in=ms u t he _h se5 an edition ( !m 9 #hvo1 ) f\r columns1 conta9+ ! ,fr5*1 ,lat91 ,italian1 & ,spani%4#eh ,! ,spani% translation1 execut$ by ,grati5 ,cord]o ( ,burgos1 0 suppress$ by ord] ( ! ,inquisition4#ei ,b all ! ef=ts made = ! suppression ( ! ,prov9cials only s]v$ to promote _! popul>ity2 & _! enemies f\nd t1 if !y w\ld sil5ce1 !y mu/ answ] !m4 ,=ty ye>s elaps$ aft] ! publication ( ! ,prov9cials be=e ! ,jesuits v5tur$ on a reply4 ,at l5g?1 9 #afig1 appe>$ an answ]1 entitl$ ,entreti5s de ,cle&re et d',eudoxe1 sur les ,lettres au ,prov9cial4 ,! au?or is kn[n to h be5 ,fa!r ,daniel1 ! hi/oriograph] ( ,france4 ,?is le>n$ ,jesuit und]took ! desp]ate task ( refut+ ! ,prov9cials1 9 a =m some:at resembl+ t ( ! ,lett]s !mselves1 be+ a s]ies ( suppos$ conv]sations betwe5 two fri5ds1 aid$ by an abb1 8:o is excessively frank & hone/1 "o :o nev] c\ld be> all 8 life to see p impos$ ^u40 ,! dialogue is conduct$ ) consid]able _s1 b is sadly defici5t 9 vraisemblance4 ,! au?or comm5ces ) high pr(essions ( imp>tiality4 ,cle&] & ,eudoxus are suppos$ to be q neutral--some:at l ! free-w ( ,mol9a1 89 a /ate ( p]fect equilibrium1 until good s5se & /ubborn facts turn ! scale40 ,b1 alas6 ! equilibrium is soon lo/1 )\t ! help ei!r ( facts or ( s5se4 ,! fri5ds h h>dly utt]$ two s5t5ces1 till !y beg9 to talk z l two ,jesuits z c\ld well be imag9$4 ,p>ty rage gets ! bett] ( lit]>y discretion2 ! ,port-,royali/s are 8hone/ knaves10 8true hypocrites10 8villa9s animat$ ) /ubborn fury20 ,arnauld's 8p5 may be kn[n by ! gall t drops f x20 ,nicole 8swe>s l a troop]10 & z to ,pascal he is all ^! *>act]s 9 turn1 :ile 8 book is 8a rep]tory ( sl&]10 & is 8villa9\s 9 a supreme degree60 ,! :ole /ra9 ( ,daniel's reply corresponds ) ?is specim5 ( its _s4 ,avoid+ ! error ( ,pirot1 & yet )\t r5\nc+ ! favorite dogmas ( ! ,society1 su* z probabilism1 equivocations1 & m5tal res]vations1 :i* he only attempts to palliate1 ,fa!r ,daniel has exhau/$ 8 skill 9 an attack on ! s9c]ity ( ,pascal4 ,8 ma9 object is to convey ! impression t ! ,prov9cials are a libel1 writt5 9 bad fai?1 & full ( alt]$ texts & false citations4 ,9 select+ ?is plan ( def5ce1 ! ,jesuit *ampion ev9ces consid]ably m +5uity ?an +5u\sness4 ,he 0 well aw>e t1 at ! "t ( _! publication1 ! ,lett]s _h be5 subject$ to a sift+ process ( exam9ation by ! mo/ cle>-sight$ ,jesuits1 :o _h signally fail$ 9 prov+ any falsifications4 ,b he knew also1 t1 dur+ ! =ty ye>s t _h elaps$1 ! writ+s ( ! casui/s _h fall5 into disuse & contempt1 ma9ly 9 consequ5ce ( ! scor*+ :i* !y _h receiv$ f ! wit & eloqu5ce ( ,pascal1 & t x w\ld be n[ a mu* easi] & saf] task to call 9 "q ! fidelity ( citations :i* none w\ld give !mselves ! tr\ble ( v]ify+4 ,9 ?is bold attempt to turn ! tables aga9/ ! ,jans5i/s1 by accus+ !m ( *ican]y & pi\s fraud1 ! v crimes :i* !y _h succe$$ 9 e/abli%+ aga9/ _! oppon5ts1 ! unscrupul\s ,jesuit c\ld be at no loss to f9d1 among ! volum9\s writ+s ( ! casui/s1 "s plausible gr\nds = 8 *>ges4 ,at all ev5ts1 he c\ld calculate on ! read9ess ) :i* c]ta9 m9ds1 fond] ( g5]aliz+ ?an ( inve/igat+ facts1 w\ld lay hold ( ! m]e circum/ance ( a book hav+ be5 writt5 9 def5ce ( 8 ord]1 z suffici5t to %[ t a great deal may be said on bo? sides4 ,z to ! mann] 9 :i* ,daniel has execut$ 8 task1 x might be suffici5t to say1 t x has be5 ackn[l$g$ by ! ,jesuits !mselves to be a failure4 ,ev5 at its fir/ appe>ance1 great ef=ts 7 made to suppress x altoge!r1 z likely to d m h>m ?an good to ! ,society2 & 9 _! ref]5ces to x aft]w>ds1 we see ! disappo9tm5t :i* !y felt4 8,!re 0 lately publi%$10 says ,ri*elet1 8an answ] to ! ,lettres ,prov9ciales1 :i* pr(esses to demoli% !m1 b :i*1 nev]!less1 w n d !m mu* h>m4 ,d y ask h[8 ,! reason is1 t al?\gh ?is answ] %[s ! horrid inju/ice1 ! abom9able sl&]s1 & injuri\s falsehoods ( ! ,prov9cials1 aga9/ "o ( ! mo/ fam\s societies 9 ! ,*ur*1 yet ^! ,lett]s h s long1 by _! faceti\s t\*es1 got ! laugh]s ( all d5om9ations on _! side1 t !y h acquir$ a cr$it & au?ority ( :i* x w be difficult to dive/ !m4 ,x mu/ be confess$ t prejudice1 on ?is occasion1 is v unju/1 v cruel1 & v ob/9ate 9 its v]dict2 s9ce1 ?\gh ^! ,lett]s h be5 condemn$ by popes1 bi%ops1 & div9es1 & burnt by ! h&s ( ! hangman1 yet !y h tak5 su* deep root 9 p's m9ds z to bid defiance to all ^! p[]s40#fj 8,! reply10 says ano!r writ]1 8z may be easily imag9$1 0 n s well receiv$ z ! ,lett]s _h be54 ,fa!r ,daniel pr(ess$ to h reason & tru? on 8 side2 b 8 adv]s>y _h 9 8 favor :at goes mu* fur!r ) m51 ! arms ( ridicule & pleasantry40#fa ,?is1 h[ev]1 is a m]e begg+ ( ! "q4 ,rid5tem dic]e v]um1 quid vetat8 ,x is q possible t ,fa!r ,daniel may be lugubri\sly 9 ! wrong1 & ,pascal laugh+ly 9 ! "r4 ,?is 0 v triumphantly made out 9 ! answ] to ,daniel's "w1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! same ye> ) ! ,entreti5s1 "u ! title ( 8,apology = ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s1 aga9/ ! la/ ,reply ( ! ,jesuits1 entitl$ ,conv]sations ( ,cle&] & ,eudoxus40 ,! au?or 0 ,don ,ma?ieu ,petitdidi]1 ,b5$ict9e ( ! congregation ( ,/4 ,vanne1 :o di$ bi%op ( ,macra4#fb ,9 ?is ma/]ly p]=mance1 ! accusations ( ,daniel are %[n to be totally gr\ndless1 8 answ]s jesuitical & evasive1 & 8 argum5ts unt5able4 ,! 8,apology0 0 nev] answ]$1 & ,daniel's "w sank out ( sight4 ,subsequ5t apologi/s ( ! ,jesuits h foll[$ ! l9e ( def5ce adopt$ by ,fa!r ,daniel4 ,! cont9u$ repetition ( 8 *>ges1 ?\gh !y h be5 long s9ce dispos$ (1 r5d]s x necess>y to adv]t to !m4 ,= ! /rict fidelity ( ,pascal's citations1 we h n m]ely ! te/imony ( contempor>y witnesses1 b :at w be to _m a suffici5t gu>antee1 ! solemn ass]tion ( ,pascal himself4 ,9 a conv]sation t took place )9 a ye> ( 8 dea?1 & :i* has be5 pres]v$ by 8 si/]1 he ?us answ]s ! *ief articles ( accusation t _h be5 br\ght aga9/ ! ,prov9cials3-- 8,i h be5 ask$1 fir/1 if ,i rep5t$ ( hav+ writt5 ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s8 ,i answ]$ t1 f> f rep5t+1 if ,i _h x to d aga91 ,i w\ld write !m yet m /rongly4 8,i h be5 ask$1 9 ! second place1 :y ,i nam$ ! au?ors f :om ,i extract$ ^! abom9able passages :i* ,i h cit$8 ,i answ]$1 ,if ,i 7 9 a t[n :]e !re 7 a doz5 f\nta9s1 & ,i knew = c]ta9 t "o ( !m 0 poison$1 ,i %\ld be "u obligation to tell ! _w n to draw f t f\nta92 &1 z x might be suppos$ t ?is 0 a m]e fancy on my "p1 ,i %\ld be oblig$ to "n him :o _h poison$ x1 r ?an expose a :ole city to ! risk ( dea?4 8,i h be5 ask$1 ?irdly1 :y ,i adopt$ an agreeable1 jocose1 & ent]ta9+ /yle8 ,i answ]$1 ,if ,i _h writt5 dogmatically1 none b ! le>n$ w\ld h read my book2 & !y _h no ne$ ( x1 kn[+ h[ ! matt] /ood1 at lea/ z well z ,i did4 ,i conceiv$ x1 !re=e1 my duty to write1 s t my ,lett]s might be read by wom51 & p 9 g5]al1 t !y might "k ! dang] ( all ^? maxims & propositions :i* 7 !n spread abroad1 & admitt$ ) s little hesitation4 8,f9ally1 ,i h be5 ask$1 if ,i _h myself read all ! books :i* ,i quot$8 ,i answ]$1 ,no4 ,to d ?is1 ,i _h ne$ h pass$ ! great] "p ( my life 9 read+ v bad books4 ,b ,i h twice read ,escob> ?r\gh\t2 & = ! o!rs1 ,i got sev]al ( my fri5ds to read !m2 b ,i h nev] us$ a s+le passage )\t hav+ read x myself 9 ! book quot$1 )\t hav+ exam9$ ! case 9 :i* x is br\ght =w>d1 & )\t hav+ read ! prec$+ & subsequ5t context1 t ,i might n run ! risk ( cit+ t = an answ] :i* 0 9 fact an objection1 :i* w\ld h be5 v unju/ & blamable40#fc ,if ?is solemn decl>ation1 emitt$ by "o ^: he>t 0 a /rang] to deceit1 & ^: %rewdness plac$ him beyond ! risk ( delusion1 is n accept$ z suffici5t1 we might ref] to ! mass ( evid5ce collect$ at ! "t 9 ! ,factums ( ! curs ( ,p>is & ,r\51 to ! volum9\s notes ( ,nicole1 & to ! ,apology ( ,petitdidi]1 9 :i* ! citations made by ,pascal are au!nticat$ ) a c>efulness :i* n only sets all suspicion at re/1 b leaves a l>ge balance ( cr$it 9 ! au?or's favor1 by %[+ t1 s f> f hav+ report$ ! wor/ maxims ( ! ,jesuitical s*ool1 or plac$ !m 9 ! mo/ odi\s light ( :i* !y 7 susceptible1 he has be5 extremely t5d] t[>ds !m4 ,b1 inde$1 ! tru? 0 plac$ beyond all dispute1 ?r\gh ! ef=ts ( ! celebrat$ ,bossuet1 9 #agjj1 :51 by a s5t5ce ( an assembly ( ! cl]gy ( ,france1 ! morals ( ! ,jesuits1 z exhibit$ 9 _! 8mon/r\s maxims1 :i* _h be5 long ! sc&al ( ! ,*ur* & ( ,europe10 7 =mally condemn$1 & :5 x may be said t ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s met at once _! full v9dication & _! f9al triumph4#fd ,ano!r class ( objectors1 :om ! ,jesuits h _h ! good =tune to numb] among _! apologi/s1 are ! sceptical philosoph]s1 ^: native antipa?y to ,jans5ism1 z a phase ( s]i\s religion1 r5d]s !m will+ to sacrifice tru? = ! sake ( a sne] at 8 disciples4 ,d',alemb]t expresses 8 regret t ,pascal did n lampoon ,jesuits & ,jans5i/s alike2#fe & ,voltaire1 9 ! m]e wantonness ( 8 cynical humor1 if n f a m wor?less motive1 has app5d$ to 8 high panegyric on ! ,prov9cials1 already quot$1 ! foll[+ qualifications3 8,x is true t ! :ole ( ,pascal's book is f\nd$ ^u a false pr9ciple4 ,he has artfully *>g$ ! :ole ,society ) ! extravagant op9ions ( "s few ,spani% & ,flemi% ,jesuits1 :i* he might ) equal ease h detect$ among ! casui/s ( ! ,dom9ican & ,franciscan ord]s2 b ! ,jesuits alone 7 ! p]sons he want$ to attack4 ,9 ^! ,lett]s he endeavor$ to prove t !y _h a settl$ design to corrupt ! morals ( mank9d--a design :i* no sect or society ev] _h1 or ev] c\ld h4 ,b 8 bus9ess 0 n to be "r1 b to ent]ta9 ! public40#ff ,e clause "h conta9s a fallacy4 ,! *>ge ( p>ty-_s1 ins9uat$ ?r\gh\t1 is p]fectly gratuit\s4 ,nev]1 p]haps1 0 any man m free f ?is infirmity ?an ,pascal4 ,t x 0 pure zeal = ! morality ( ! ,gospel :i* engag$ him to take up 8 p5 aga9/ ! ,jesuits1 c be d\bt$ by none b ^? :o make x a po9t to call 9 "q ! reality ( all religi\s conviction4#fg ,equally unf\nd$ is ! imputation ( levity4 ,pascal 0 e>ne/ 9 8 raill]y4 ,a deep s]i\sness ( purpose lurk$ "u ! smile ( 8 irony4 ,voltaire describes himself1 n ! au?or ( ! ,prov9cials1 :5 he says t 88 bus9ess 0 n to be "r1 b to ent]ta9 ! public40 ,z to ,pascal hav+ 8endeavor$ to prove t ! ,jesuits _h a settl$ design to corrupt ! morals ( mank9d10 we are n surpris$ at ,fa!r ,daniel say+ s2 b x is unacc\ntable h[ any b a ,jesuit1 :o pr(ess$ to h read ! ,lett]s1 c\ld advance a !ory s di/9ctly anticipat$ & disclaim$ 9 ! ,lett]s !mselves4 8,"k1 !n10 x is said 9 lett] fif?1 8t _! object is n ! corruption ( mann]s--t is n _! design4 ,b z little is x _! sole aim to re=m !m--t w\ld be bad policy40#fh 8,alas60 says ! ,jesuit1 9 lett] six?1 8our ma9 object1 no d\bt1 %\ld h be5 to e/abli% no o!r maxims ?an ^? ( ! ,gospel2 & x is easy to see1 f our rules1 t if we tol]ate "s degree ( relaxation 9 o!rs1 x is r out ( complaisance ?an design40#fi ,9 tru?1 no?+ is m cle>ly m>k$ ?r\gh\t ! ,lett]s ?an ?is di/9ction betwe5 ! design ( ! ,society & ! t5d5cy ( its policy--a di/9ction :i* leaves v small scope = ! sage apoph!gm ( ! philosophical hi/orian4 ,!re is "s reason to ?9k t ,voltaire express$ himself 9 ?is mann]1 ) ! view ( procur+ ! recomm5dation ( ,fa!r ,lat\r to ent] ! ,academy--an object = ! accompli%m5t ( :i*1 x is well kn[n1 he made ! mo/ unwor?y concessions to ! ,jesuits4#gj ,lat] critics1 9 speak+ ( ! ,prov9cials1 h indulg$ 9 a simil> /ra9 ( vague depreciation2 z a specim5 ( :i* we might h ref]r$ to ,s*legel1 :o talks ( _! be+ 8no?+ m ?an a ma/]-piece ( sophi/ry10#ga & repeats ! *>ge ( pr(an5ess1 :i* ,pascal has s triumphantly refut$ 9 8 elev5? lett]4 ,x w\ld be a sad wa/e ( "t to answ] ?is ridicul\s objection4 ,nor w x be surpris+ to ^? :o "k ! hi/ory ( ,blanco ,:ite1 to f9d him indulg+ 9 a sceptical ve9 on ?is z on o!r subjects4 8,pascal & ! ,jans5i/ p>ty10 he says1 8accus$ !m ( sy/ematic laxity 9 _! moral doctr9es2 b ! *>ge1 ,i believe1 ?\gh plausible 9 !ory1 0 p]fectly gr\ndless 9 practice4 ,! /rict1 unb5d+ maxims ( ! ,jans5i/s1 by urg+ p]sons ( all *>act]s & temp]s on to an imag9>y goal ( p]fection1 br+ quickly _! :ole sy/em to ! decision ( exp]i5ce4 ,a great] k ( mank9d made ! ,jesuits m cauti\s 9 ! culture ( devotional feel+s4 ,!y well knew t b few c prud5tly engage 9 op5 ho/ility ) :at1 9 ascetic language1 is call$ ! _w40#gb ,! /range mixture ( tru? & error 9 ?is /atem5t leaves an unfavorable impression on ! m9d1 ! fallacy ( :i* we feel ere we h "t to analyze x4 ,x is true t no?+ c\ld be m opposite to ! laxity ( ! ,jesuits ?an ! asceticism ( ,port-,royal4 ,b x is do+ inju/ice to ,pascal to ins9uate t he measur$ ,jesuitical morality by 8! /rict1 unb5d+ maxims ( ! ,jans5i/s20 & x is flagrantly untrue t ! ,jesuits m]ely aim$ at r$uc+ mona/ic en?usiasm to ! /&>d ( common s5se & ord9>y life4 ,we repeat t ! real *>ge :i* ,pascal sub/antiates aga9/ !m is1 n t !y s(t5$ ! au/]ities ( ! cloi/]1 b t !y sacrific$ ! et]nal laws ( morality--n t !y prud5tly suit$ _! rules to m5's temp]s1 b t !y lic5s$ ! wor/ passions & prop5sities ( our nature--n t !y decl9$ urg+ all to =sake ! _w 7:i* he nev] expect$71 b t !y s\ght1 = _! own politic ends1 to veil its impurities1 & c\nt5ance its evil cu/oms4 ,disguis+ _! ho/ility to sci5ce1 "u ! mask ( fri5d%ip to lit]ature1 ! ,jesuits h succe$$ 9 mak+ to !mselves fri5ds ( _m :o are acqua9t$ ) !m only ?r\gh ! m$ium ( _! writ+s4 ,& x is ! rem>kable fact ( our day1 t1 :ile on ! ,cont95t1 :]e !y are practically kn[n1 ! ,jesuits h enli/$ aga9/ !mselves ! p5s ( its mo/ em95t noveli/s1 hi/orians1 & philosoph]s1 9 ,prote/ant ,engl& x is q ! rev]se4 ,! mo/ tal5t$ ( our p]iodical writ]s h ex]t$ all _! p[]s to :ite-wa% !m1 to pa9t & pap] !m1 & set !m (f ) ornam5tal designs2 & :]e !y h n d>$ to def5d1 !y h tri$ to blunt ! edge ( c5sure aga9/ !m4 ,foll[+ 9 ! same l9e ( def5ce1 a c]ta9 class ( ,prote/ant writ]s1 fond ( hi/orical p>adox1 & ( appe>+ sup]ior to vulg> prejudices1 h volunte]$ to protect ! ,jesuits4 8,no man is a /rang] to ! fame ( ,pascal10 says ,sir ,james ,mac9to%2 8b ^? :o may desire to =m a "r judgm5t on ! cont5ts ( ! ,lettres ,prov9ciales w\ld d well to ca/ a glance ov] ! ,entreti5s d',ari/e et d',eug5ie1 by ,b\h\rs1 a ,jesuit1 :o has ably v9dicat$ 8 ord]40#gc ,sir ,james _h he>d1 p]haps1 ( ,fa!r ,daniel's ,entreti5s de ,cle&re et d',eudoxe1 b x is v evid5t t he _h nev] ev5 8ca/ a glance ov]0 t book2 = ! "w ( ,b\h\rs1 :i* he has conf\nd$ ) x1 is a philological treatise1 :i* has no ref]5ce :atev] to ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s2 & yet he c\ld say t ! ,jesuit 8has ably v9dicat$ 8 ord]60 ,next to ! art :i* ! ,jesuits h %[n 9 smuggl+ !mselves into places ( p[] & tru/1 is t by :i* !y h succe$$ 9 hoodw9k+ ! m]ely lit]>y portion ( society4 ,b1 n to dwell long] on ^! objections1 ! ,prov9cials are liable to ano!r *>ge1 seldom] advanc$1 & n s easily answ]$2 :i* is1 t ! loose casui/ical morality d5\nc$ by ,pascal 0 n conf9$ to ! ,jesuits1 nor to any "o ( ! ord]s ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 mu* less1 z ,voltaire says1 to 8a few ,spani% & ,flemi% ,jesuits10 b 0 common to all ! div9es ( t ,*ur*1 & 01 9 fact1 ! native (fspr+ & inevitable gr[? ( ! practices ( confession & absolution4 ,x is admitt$ t ! ,jesuits 7 ma9ly responsible = its pres]vation & propagation2 t !y h be5 ! mo/ zeal\s 9 r$uc+ x to practice2 t1 ev5 aft] x _h incurr$ ! ana!mas ( popes1 bi%ops1 & div9es1 & aft] x _h be5 disclaim$ by all ! o!r ord]s ( ! ,*ur*1 ! ,jesuits p]t9aci\sly adh]$ to x2 & t1 ev5 to ?is day1 !y h id5tifi$ !mselves ) ! wor/ t5ets ( ! casui/s4 ,b ,prote/ants writ]s h g5]ally alleg$1 n )\t reason1 t ! corruptions ( casui/ical div9ity may be trac$ f ! days ( ,?omas ,aqu9as & ,cajetan1 :om ! ,*ur* ( ,rome owns z au?orities2 t ! 8new casui/s0 m]ely c>ri$ ! maxims ( _! pr$ecessors to _! legitimate conclusions2 & t ?\gh condemn$ by "s popes1 ! c5sure has be5 only p>tial1 & has be5 m ?an neutraliz$ by ! condemnation ( o!r works writt5 aga9/ ! morality ( ! ,jesuits4 ,?us1 9 a "w entitl$ 8,guim5ius ,amadeus10 ! au?or1 :o 0 ! ,jesuit ,moya1 boldly claim$ ! sanction ( ! mo/ v5]at$ names 9 favor ( ! mod]n casui/s4 ,?is "w1 x is true1 0 condemn$ to ! flames 9 #afhj1 by ,pope ,innoc5t ,,xi41 :o 0 favorable to ! ,jans5i/s2 b ! ,jesuits boa/ ( hav+ obta9$ o!r papal con/itutions1 rev]s+ ! judgm5t ( t pontiff1 :om !y d n scruple to /igmatize ) h]esy4#gd ,x _c be d5i$ t ! ,jesuits h all along succe$$ 9 obta9+ = _! sy/em ! sanction ( ! highe/ au?orities 9 ! ,*ur*2 :ile ^? works :i* und]took to advocate a pur] morality 7 pr9t$ cl&e/9ely1 )\t privilege or approbation1 "u fictiti\s names ( au?ors & pr9t]s2 nor c x be =gott5 t ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s1 ! mo/ p[]ful exposure ( ,jesuitical morality t ev] appe>$1 7 c5sur$ at ,rome1 & burnt by ! h&s ( ! execution]4#ge ,9 %ort1 & )\t ent]+ into ! "q s +5i\sly h&l$ by ,nicole & o!r ,jans5i/s1 :e!r ! mod]n casui/s 7 ju/ifi$ 9 _! excesses by ! anci5t s*oolm51 x is und5iable t ?is is ! weake/ po9t ( ! ,prov9cials1 & "o on :i* ! ?or\gh-go+ ,jesuit occupies1 on popi% pr9ciples1 ! mo/ advantage\s gr\nd4 ,! disciples ( ,loyola con/itute ! v s\l ( ! ,papacy2 & !y mu/ be held z ! g5u9e expon5ts ( t atroci\s sy/em ( morals :i*1 eng5d]$ 9 ! privacy ( ! cloi/] dur+ ! d>k ages1 rea*$ its maturity 9 ! h&s ( a design+ prie/hood1 :o /ill f9d x too conv5i5t a tool = _! purposes to "p ) x4 ,!re are o!r respects 9 :i* we _c fail to detect1 ?r\gh\t ^! ,lett]s1 ! enfeebl+ & emb>rass+ influ5ce ( ,pop]y ov] ! naturally +5u\s m9d ( ! au?or4 ,among all ! maxims peculi> to ! ,jesuits1 none are m p]nici\s ?an ^? 9 :i* !y h op5ly taught t disob$i5ce to ! ,papal ,see releases subjects f _! allegiance & oa?s ( fidelity to _! sov]eigns1 & au?orizes !m to put h]etical rul]s to dea?1 ev5 by assass9ation4#gf ,on ?is po9t ,pascal has fail$ to speak out ! :ole tru?4 ,:e!r x may h be5 f g5u9e dread ( h]esy1 or f a wi% to sp>e ! dignity ( ! pope1 x is easy to see ! timidity1 ! circumspection1 ! delicacy ) :i* he t\*es on ! po9t ( papal au?ority4 ,! ,jans5i/s h be5 call$ ! ,me?odi/s ( ! ,*ur* ( ,rome2 b ! t]m is applicable to !m r 9 ! wide s5se 9 :i* x has be5 appli$1 d]isively1 to ^? :o h s\ght re=mation or aim$ at sup]ior sanctity )9 ! pale ( an e/abli%$ ,*ur*1 ?an z appli$ to ! p>ty n[ kn[n "u t designation4 ,!y disclaim$ ! title ( ,jans5i/s1 z a nickname appli$ to !m by _! adv]s>ies4 ,!y held !mselves to be ! true ,ca?olics1 ! repres5tatives ( ! ,*ur* z x exi/$ d[n1 at lea/1 to ! days ( ,/4 ,b]n>d1 :om !y t]m$ 8! la/ ( ! fa!rs40 ,!y ascrib$ a species ( semi-inspiration to ! e>ly fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*4 ,!y rev]5c$ ! ,scriptures1 b receiv$ !m at second-h&1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( tradition4 ,to be a ,ca?olic & a ,*ri/ian 7 ) !m conv]tible t]ms4 ,h5ce ! horror ev9c$ by ,pascal1 9 8 conclud+ lett]s1 at ! b>e ?\ght ( 8h]esy exi/+ 9 ! ,*ur*40 8,emb>rass$ at e /ep10 x has be5 well obs]v$1 8by _! pr(ess$ submission to ! au?ority ( ! popes1 gall$ & oppress$ by _! necess>y acquiesc5ce 9 ! flagrant errors ( _! ,*ur*1 ^! good m5 made pr(ession ( ! great tru?s ( ,*ri/ianity "u an incomp>ably heavi] weight ( disadvantage ?an has be5 su/a9$ by any o!r class ( ,*ri/ians f ! apo/olic to ! pres5t times4 ,enfeebl$ by ! en?usiasm to :i* !y clung1 ! piety ( ^! admirable m5 fail$ 9 ! =ce necess>y to c>ry !m ?r\gh ! conflict ) _! atroci\s enemy1 #8! ,society4' ,!y 7 !mselves 9 too _m po9ts vuln]able to close fe>lessly ) _! adv]s>y1 & !y grasp$ ! sword ( ! ,_s 9 too infirm a mann] to drive home a deadly ?ru/4444 ,! ,jans5i/s & ! inmates ( ,port-,royal display$ a con/ancy t w\ld d\btless h c>ri$ !m ?r\gh ! fires ( m>tyrdom2 b ! intellectual c\rage necess>y to be> !m fe>lessly ?r\gh an exam9ation ( ! errors ( ! papal sup]/ition1 c\ld spr+ only f a heal?y =m ( m9d1 utt]ly incompatible ) ! dot+s ( religi\s ab/raction1 & ! petty solicitudes ( sackclo!d ab/95ce4 ,! ,jans5i/s _h n su* c\rage2 if !y wor%ipp$ n ! ,bea/1 !y cr+$ be=e him2 he plac$ 8 dragon-foot ^u _! necks1 & _! wisdom & _! virtues 7 lo/ =ev] to ,france40#gg ,x is ! policy ( ! ,jesuits at pres5t1 z ( old1 to d5y1 po9t-blank1 ! tru?fulness ( ,pascal's /atem5ts ( _! doctr9e & policy--to reit]ate ! explod$ *>ge ( 8 hav+ g>bl$ 8 extracts--&1 aft] affect+ to jo9 9 ! laugh at 8 pleasantry1 & to =give1 = ! wit's sake1 8 inju/ice to _! innoc5t & mu*-calumniat$ fa!rs1 to decl>e t1 ( c\rse1 he c\ld n himself believe ! half ( :at he said aga9/ !m1 nor compreh5d ! pr(\nd que/ions ( casui/ry on :i* he presum$ to argue4 ,"u ?is affectation ( *>ity1 !y dext]\sly evade ,pascal's ma9 *>ges1 & slyly ins9uate a v9dication ( ! h]esies ( :i* !y h be5 convict$4 ,?us1 9 a late publication1 "o ( _! numb] actually attempts to v9dicate ! old ,jesuitical doctr9e ( probabilism6#gh ,at ! same "t1 !y reta91 ) undim9i%$ t5acity1 ! moral maxims :i* ,pascal condemns4 ,! discov]y lately made ( ! ,!ology ( ,d5s1 /ill taught by ! ,jesuits 9 ,irel&1 is a pro( ( ?is2 = x is no?+ m ?an a collection ( ! mo/ wick$ & obsc5e maxims ( casui/ical morality4 ,matt]s are no bett] 9 ,france4 ,dr4 ,gilly m5tions a publication issu$ at ,lyons1 9 #ahbe1 :i* is s bad t ! review] says1 8,we _c1 we d>e n copy x2 x is a book to :i* ! cases ( consci5ce ( ,dr4 ,san*ez 7 purity itself40#gi ,! disclosures made /ill m rec5tly by ,m4 ,mi*elet & ,m4 ,qu9et1 are equally />tl+1 & w1 9 all probability1 issue 9 ano!r expulsion ( ! ,jesuits f ,france4 ,! policy ( ! ,society1 z hi!rto exhibit$ 9 ! c\ntries :]e !y h settl$1 describes a regul> cycle ( *anges4 ,comm5c+ ) l\d pr(essions ( *>ity1 ( lib]al views 9 politics1 & ( an accommodat+ code ( morals1 !y succe$ 9 ga9+ popul>ity among ! non-religi\s1 ! dissipat$1 & ! re/less portion ( society4 ,avail+ !mselves ( ?is1 & c>efully conceal+1 9 a ,prote/ant c\ntry1 ! m obnoxi\s p>ts ( _! cre$1 _! next /ep is to plant "s ( ! mo/ plausible ( _! apo/les 9 ! pr9cipal localities1 :o are in/ruct$ to e/abli% s*ools & sem9>ies on ! mo/ *>itable foot+1 s z to +ratiate !mselves ) ! poor1 :ile !y secure ! contributions ( ! ri*2 to attack ! cr$it ( ! mo/ active & influ5tial among ! evangelical m9i/ry2 to revive old sl&]s aga9/ ! re=m]s2 to dissem9ate tracts ( ! mo/ allur+ description2 &1 :5 assail$ 9 turn1 to d5y ev]y?+ & to grant no?+4 ,ris+ by ^! means to p[] & influ5ce1 !y gradually monopolize ! seats ( le>n+ & ! halls ( !ology--!y glide1 ) noiseless /eps1 into closets1 cab9ets1 & palaces--!y become ! dictators ( ! public press1 ! p]secutors ( ! good1 & ! oppressors ( all public & private lib]ty4 ,at l5g?1 _! trea*]\s designs be+ discov]$1 !y r\se aga9/ !mselves ! /orm ( natural passions1 :i*1 desc5d+ on !m fir/ z ! au?ors ( ! mis*ief1 sweeps away along ) !m1 9 its headlong c>e]1 ev]y?+ t be>s ! aspect ( t active & e>ne/ religion1 "u ! guise ( :i* !y _h succe$$ 9 dup+ mank9d4 ,:at portion ( ?is cycle !y h rea*$ among u1 x is ne$less to demon/rate4 ,!y h evid5tly got beyond ! fir/ /age2 & x is highly probable t1 9 pro( ( x1 ! pres5t publication may elicit a m ?an ord9>y exhibition ( _! skill 9 ! sci5ce ( defamation & d5ial4 ,x is f> f be+ unlikely t1 at ! pres5t po9t ( _! revolution1 !y may f9d x _! int]e/1 aft] all ! mis*ief t ,pascal has done !m1 & all ! ill t !y h spok5 aga9/ ,pascal1 to claim him z a good ,ca?olic1 & take advantage ( ! pre/ige ( 8 "n to ins9uate1 t ! ,*ur* :i* c\ld boa/ ( su* a man is n to be lightly e/eem$4 ,&1 9 fact1 x requires no small ex]cise ( caution to gu>d ourselves aga9/ su* an illusion4 ,x is difficult to *>act]ize ,pop]y z x des]ves )\t app>5t un*>itabl5ess to individuals1 su* z ,f5elon & ,pascal1 :o1 ?\gh memb]s ( a corrupt ,*ur*1 possess$ mu* ( ! _s ( true religion4 ,b1 ?\gh x w\ld be impossible to class su* em95t & pi\s m5 ) an infidel c>d9al or a ,spani% inquisitor1 x does n foll[ t !y are free f condemnation4 ,x has be5 ju/ly rem>k$1 t 8_! example has done mu* h>m1 & be5 only ! m p]nici\s f _! em95ce & _! virtues4 ,x is difficult to calculate h[ mu* assi/ance _! well-m]it$ reputation has giv5 to prop ! fall+ cause ( ,pop]y1 & to l5g!n out ! cont9uance ( a delusion ! mo/ la/+ & ! mo/ dang]\s t has ev] l$ mank9d a/ray f ! tru?40#hj ,) reg>d to our au?or1 9 p>ticul>1 x may be well to rememb]1 t he 0 virtu\s )\t be+ indebt$ to 8 ,*ur*1 & evangelical 9 spite ( 8 cre$2 t 8 piety1 = :i* he is s mu* e/eem$ by u1 0 ! v quality t expos$ him to odium & suspicion f 8 own communion2 t ! tru?s1 = 8 adh]5ce to :i* we w\ld claim him z a bro!r 9 ,*ri/1 7 ^? :i* 7 reprobat$ by ! au?orities ( ,rome2 & t ! foll[+ ,lett]s1 = :i* he is s ju/ly admir$1 71 by ! same ,*ur*1 =mally c5sur$ & ignom9i\sly burnt1 along ) ! ,bible :i* ,pascal lov$1 & ! m>tyrs :o h suff]$ = 8! tru? z x is 9 ,jesus40 ----- ,footnote #a3 ,non quia p] nos sancti et immaculati futuri essemus1 s$ elegit prde/9avitque ut essemus4 7,de ,prde/41 ,aug4 ,op41 tom4 x4 #hae47 ,footnote #b3 ,de dono ,p]sev]4 7,ib41 #hbb47 ,footnote #c3 ,ne&]1 ,bibl4 ,repos41 iii4 #id2 ,leydeck]1 de ,jans54 ,dogm41 #dac4 ,footnote #d3 ,! "q ( ! middle k is le>n$ly h&l$ by ,voetius 7,disp4 ,!ol41 i4 #bfd71 by ,hoornbeck 7,soc94 ,confut471 & o!r ,prote/ant div9es1 :o h %[n x to be unt5able1 useless1 & fraught ) absurdity4 ,footnote #e3 ,dup91 ,eccl4 ,hi/41 #ag? c5t4 #a-ad4 ,footnote #f3 8,well done1 g5tlem52 y h left me m 9 ! d>k ?an ev]40 ,footnote #g3 ,he 0 ! son ( a poor artisan1 ^: "n 0 ,jan1 or ,john ,ot?o2 h5ce ,jans51 correspond+ to our ,johnson1 :i* 0 ,lat9iz$ into ,jans5ius4 ,footnote #h3 ,petitot1 ,collect4 des ,mmoires1 ,notice sur ,port-,royal1 tom4 xxxiii41 p4 #ai4 ,?is au?or's attempt to fix ! *>ge ( a conspiracy betwe5 ,jans5 & ,/4 ,cyran to ov]turn ! ,*ur*1 is a piece ( special plead+1 be>+ on its face its own refutation4 ,footnote #i3 ,! foll[]s ( ,jans5 7 n m *>itable ?an he 9 _! judgm5ts ( ! ,re=m$1 & %[$ an equal zeal ) ! ,jesuits to p]secute !m1 :5 !y _h x 9 _! p[]4 7,b5oit1 ,hi/4 de l',edit de ,nantes1 iii4 #bjj47 ,footnote #aj3 ,cca quadam ob$i5tia4--,ut ,*ri/um ,dom9um 9 sup]iore quolibet agnosc]e /udeatis4--,p]9de ac si cadav] ess5t1 vel similit] atque s5is baculus4--,ad majorem ,dei gloriam4 7,con/it4 ,jesuit4 p>s vi4 cap4 #a2 ,ignat4 ,epi/41 c47 ,footnote #aa3 ,balde1 :om ! ,jesuits honor 9 _! s*ools z a mod]n ,horace1 ?us celebrates ! longevity ( ! ,society1 9 8 ,c>m5 ,secul>e de ,societate ,jesu1 #afdj3-- 8,pr(uit quisquis voluit noc]e4 ,cuncta subsid5t sociis2 ubique ,exules vivunt1 et ubique cives6 ,/]nimus victi1 supreamus imi1 ,surgimus plures toties cad5do40 ,footnote #ab3 ,_! fam\s mission>y1 ,francis ,xavi]1 :om !y canoniz$1 0 ignorant ( a s+le ^w 9 ! languages ( ! ,indians :om he pr(ess$ to evangelize4 ,he employ$ a h&-bell to summon ! natives ar\nd him2 & ! poor savages1 mi/ak+ him = "o ( _! le>n$ ,brahmans1 he baptiz$ !m until 8 arm 0 exhau/$ ) ! task1 & boa/$ ( e "o he baptiz$ z a reg5]at$ conv]t6 ,footnote #ac3 ,mac9to%1 ,hi/4 ( ,engl&1 ii4 #cec4 ,footnote #ad3 ,mac9to%1 ,hi/4 ( ,engl&1 ii4 #ceg4 ,footnote #ae3 ,augu/9e himself is *>geable ) hav+ be5 ! fir/ to introduce ! s*ola/ic mode ( treat+ morality 9 ! =m ( trifl+ que/ions1 m fitt$ to gratify curiosity1 & display acum51 ?an to edify or enlight54 ,8 example 0 foll[$ & mis]ably abus$1 by ! morali/s ( succe$+ ages4 7,buddei ,isagoge1 vol4 i4 p4 #efh47 ,footnote #af3 ,lancelot4 ,t\r to ,alet1 p4 #agc2 ,leydeck]1 p4 #abb4 ,footnote #ag3 ,! :ole title 03 8,augu/9us ,cornelii ,jans5ii episcopi1 seu doctr9a sancti ,augu/9i de human natur sanctitate gritud9 m$ica1 adv]sus ,pelagianos et ,massili5ses40 ,l\va91 #afdj4 ,footnote #ah3 ,leydeck]1 p4 #acb2 ,lancelot1 p4 #ahj4 ,footnote #ai3 ,ranke1 ,hi/4 ( ! ,popes1 vol4 iii4 #adc2 ,abb ,du ,mas1 ,hi/4 des ,c9q ,propositions1 p4 #dh4 ,footnote #bj3 ,lett] xviii4 pp4 #caj-cac4 ,footnote #ba3 ,witsii conom4 ,fd41 lib4 iii42 ,turret4 ,!ol41 ,el5ct4 xv4 que/4 #d2 ,de ,moor ,comm5t1 iv4 #dif2 ,me/rezat1 ,s]m4 sur ,rom41 viii4 #bgd4 ,footnote #bb3 ,i ref] "h p>ticul>ly to ,arnauld's treatise1 entitl$ 8,r5v]sem5t de la ,morale de ,jesus ,*ri/ p> les ,calv9i/es10 :i* 0 answ]$ by ,jurieu 9 8 8,ju/ification de la ,morale des ,re=mez40 #afhe1 by ,m4 ,m]lat1 & o!rs4 ,jurieu has %[n at great l5g?1 & ) a sev]ity = :i* he _h too mu* provocation1 t ,arnauld & 8 fri5ds1 9 _! viol5t tirades aga9/ ! ,re=m$1 nei!r act$ 9 good fai?1 nor 9 consi/5cy ) ! s5tim5ts ( _! mu* admir$ lead]s1 ,augu/9e & ,jans54 ,footnote #bc3 ,fonta9e1 ,mmoires1 i4 #bjj2 ,mo%eim1 ,eccl4 ,hi/41 c5t4 xvii4 #b4 ,footnote #bd3 ,lancelot1 p4 #abc4 ,footnote #be3 ,mmoires p\r s]vir a l',hi/oire de ,port-,royal1 vol4 i4 pp4 #ce1 #eg1 #adb4 ,footnote #bf3 ,ib41 p4 #def4 ,! title ( ?is "w 01 8,! ,secret ,*aplet ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t40 ,footnote #bg3 ,sacy1 or ,saci1 0 ! inv]t$ "n ( ,isaac ,le ,maitre1 celebrat$ = 8 translation ( ! ,bible4 ,footnote #bh3 ,mo%eim1 ,eccl4 ,hi/41 c5t4 xvii4 #b4 ,footnote #bi3 ,we may ref] p>ticul>ly to ,petitot 9 8 ,collection des ,mmoires1 tom4 xxxiii41 ,p>is1 #ahbd2 & to a ,hi/ory ( ! ,company ( ,jesus by ,j4 ,cret9eau-,joly1 ,p>is1 #ahde4 ,) high pret5sions to imp>tiality1 ^! works ab\nd ) ! mo/ gl>+ specim5s ( special plead+4 ,footnote #cj3 ,voltaire1 ,sicle de ,l\is ,,xiv1 t4 ii4 ,footnote #ca3 ,mmoires de ,p4 ,royal1 i4 #ac4 ,bayle insi/s t 8 fa!r _h tw5ty-two *ildr54 ,dict41 art4 ,arnauld4 ,footnote #cb3 ,weisman1 ,hi/4 ,eccl41 ii4 #bjd4 ,footnote #cc3 ,! title "u :i* ! ,lett]s appe>$ :5 fir/ collect$ into a volume 01 8,lettres crites p> ,l\is de ,montalte1 a un ,prov9cial de ses amis1 et aux ,,rr4 ,,pp4 ,jesuites1 sur la morale et la politique de ces ,p]es40 ,fa!r ,b\h\rs1 a ,jesuit1 ridicules ! title ( ! ,lett]s1 & says he is surpris$ !y 7 n r entitl$ 8,lett]s f a ,c\ntry ,bumpk9 to 8 ,fri5ds10 & in/ead ( 8,! ,prov9cials0 call$ 8,! ,bumpk9s0--8,campagn>des40 7,rem>ques sur la langue ,fran41 p4 ii4 #cjf4 ,dict4 ,univ41 art4 ,prov9cial47 ,footnote #cd3 ,daniel1 ,entreti5s1 p4 #ai4 ,footnote #ce3 ,petitot1 ,notices1 p4 #aba4 ,footnote #cf3 ,b5oit1 ,hi/4 de l',edit4 de ,nantes1 iii4 #aih4 ,footnote #cg3 ,daniel1 ,entreti5s1 p4 #aa4 ,footnote #ch3 ,nicole1 ,notes sur la xi4 ,lettre iii4 #ccb4 ,footnote #ci3 ,recueil de ,port-,royal1 #bgh1 #bgi2 ,petitot1 pp4 #abb1 #abc4 ,footnote #dj3 ,hi/oire des ,prov9ciales1 p4 #ab4 ,footnote #da3 ,petitot1 p4 #abd4 ,! eighte5? lett] embraces ! delicate topic ( papal au?ority1 z well z ! di/9ction betwe5 fai? & fact1 9 /at+ :i* we c easily conceive h[ sev]ely ! +5u\s m9d ( ,pascal mu/ h labor$ to f9d "s plausible gr\nd = v9dicat+ 8 consi/5cy z a ,roman ,ca?olic4 ,to ! ,prote/ant read]1 x mu/ appe> ! mo/ unsatisfactory ( all ! ,lett]s4 ,footnote #db3 ,prov4 ,let41 p4 #cdj4 ,footnote #dc3 ,p]rault1 ,p>allele des ,anc4 et ,mod41 ,bayle1 art4 ,pascal4 ,footnote #dd3 ,d',artigny1 ,n\veaux ,mmoires iii4 p4 #cd4 ,footnote #de3 ,voltaire1 ,sicle de ,l\is ,,xiv41 tom4 ii4 pp4 #aga1 #bgd4 ,footnote #df3 ,d',alemb]t1 ,de/ruct4 des ,jesuites1 p4 #ed4 ,footnote #dg3 ,bordas-,dem\l91 ,eloge de ,pascal1 p4 xxv4 7,?is 0 ! prize essay be=e ! ,fr5* ,academy1 9 ,june1 #ahdb47 ,footnote #dh3 ,nicole1 ,hi/4 des ,prov9ciales4 ,footnote #di3 ,! names ( ^! un=tunate productions alone survive2 #a4 8,fir/ ,reply to ,lett]s1 c41 by a ,fa!r ( ! ,company ( ,jesus40 #b4 8,prov9cial ,impo/ures ( ,sieur de ,montalte1 ,secret>y ( ,port-,royal1 discov]$ & refut$ by a ,fa!r ( ! ,company ( ,jesus40 #c4 8,reply to a ,!ologian10 c4 #d4 8,reply to ! ,sev5te5? ,lett]1 by ,francis ,annat10 c41 c4 ,footnote #ej3 ,ei*horn1 ,ges*i*te d] ,litt]atur1 vol4 i4 pp4 #dbj-dbc4 ,footnote #ea3 ,recueil de ,port-,royal1 pp4 #cad-cbc4 ,"s pap]s pass$ betwe5 ,pascal & 8 fri5ds on ?is topic4 ,pascal committ$ ^! on 8 dea?-b$ to 8 fri5d ,m4 ,domat1 8) a reque/ t he w\ld burn !m if ! nuns ( ,port-,royal prov$ firm1 & pr9t !m if !y %\ld yield40 7,ib41 p4 #cbb47 ,! nuns hav+ /ood firm1 ! probability is t !y 7 de/roy$4 ,_h !y be5 pres]v$1 !y might h ?r[n "s fur!r light on ! op9ions ( ,pascal reg>d+ papal au?ority4 ,footnote #eb3 ,si mes ,lettres sont condamnes ,rome1 ce que j'y condamne1 e/ condamn dans le ciel4 7,p5ses de ,blaise ,pascal1 tom4 ii4 #afc4 ,p>is1 #ahbd47 ,footnote #ec3 8,h[ came y10 said ! ar*bi%op to ,m4 ,beurri]1 8to adm9i/] ! sacram5ts to su* a p]son8 ,didn't y "k t he 0 a ,jans5i/80 7,recueil1 #cdh47 ,footnote #ed3 ,recueil de ,port-,royal1 pp4 #cbg-ccj2 ,petitot1 p4 #afe4 ,footnote #ee3 ,wal*ii ,biblio?4 ,!ol41 ii4 #bie4 ,footnote #ef3 ,! title ( ,nicole's translation1 n[ r>ely to be met )1 is1 ,ludovici ,montaltii ,litt] ,prov9ciales1 de ,morali et ,politica ,jesuit>um ,discipl9a4 ,a ,willelmo ,w5drockio1 ,salisburg5si ,!ologo4 ,sev]al editions ( ?is translation 7 pr9t$4 ,i h ! fir/1 publi%$ at ,cologne 9 #afeh1 & ! fif?1 mu* enl>g$1 ,cologne1 #afgi4 ,footnote #eg3 ,av]tissem5t1 ,les ,prov9ciales1 ed4 #agfg4 ,mad4 de ,jonc\rt1 or ,jonc\x1 took a deep int]e/ 9 ! fall+ =tunes ( ,port-,royal4 7,see "s acc\nt ( h] 9 ,madame ,s*immelp5n9ck's ,hi/ory ( ! ,demolition ( ,port-,royal1 p4 #ace47 ,footnote #eh3 ,bayle1 ,dict41 art4 ,pascal4 ,footnote #ei3 ,daniel1 ,entreti5s1 p4 #aaa4 ,footnote #fj3 ,bayle1 ,dict41 art4 ,pascal1 note ,k4 ,footnote #fa3 ,abb de ,ca/res1 ,les ,trois ,sicles1 ii4 #fc4 ,footnote #fb3 ,b>bi]1 ,dict4 des ,ouvrages ,anon4 et ,pseudon4 ,footnote #fc3 ,tab>aud1 ,diss]tation sur la foi qui e/ due au ,temoignage de ,pascal dans ses ,lettres ,prov9ciales1 p4 #ab4--,?is "w1 publi%$ "s ye>s ago 9 ,france1 conta9s a complete ju/ification ( ,pascal's picture ( ! ,jesuits 9 ! ,prov9cials1 accompani$ ) a mass ( au?orities4 ,! above s5tim5ts h be5 introduc$ into ,pascal's ,?\ghts4 7,see ,craig's translation1 p4 #ahe47 ,footnote #fd3 ,vie de ,bossuet1 t4 iv4 p4 #ai2 ,tab>aud1 ,diss]t4 sur la foi1 c41 p4 #dc4 ,footnote #fe3 8,! %ock+ doctr9e ( ,jans5ius & ( ,/4 ,cyran1 af=d$ at lea/ z mu* room = ridicule z ! pliant doctr9e ( ,mol9a1 ,tamb\r91 & ,vasquez40 7,d',alemb]t1 ,de/4 ( ! ,jesuits1 p4 #ee47 ,footnote #ff3 ,voltaire1 ,sicle de ,l\is ,,xiv41 ii4 #cfg4 ,footnote #fg3 ,ei*horn1 ,ges*i*te d] ,lit41 i4 #dbf4 ,footnote #fh3 ,prov4 ,let41 p4 #aah4 ,footnote #fi3 ,ib41 p4 #adb4 ,footnote #gj3 ,tab>aud1 p4 #aag2 ,bord4 ,dem\l91 ,eloge de ,pascal1 ,app5d4 ,footnote #ga3 ,s*legel1 ,lectures on ,hi/4 ( ,lit4 ii4 #ahh4 ,footnote #gb3 ,lett]s f ,spa91 p4 #hf4 ,footnote #gc3 ,mac9to%1 ,hi/ory ( ,engl&1 vol4 ii4 #cei1 note4 ,footnote #gd3 ,ei*horn1 ,ges*i*te d] ,litt]41 vol4 i4 pp4 #dbc-dbe2 ,weisman1 ,hi/4 ,eccl41 vol4 ii4 #ba2 ,jurieu1 ,prejugez ,legitimes cont4 le ,papisme1 p4 #chf2 ,claude1 ,def5ce ( ! ,re=mation1 p4 #bi4 ,footnote #ge3 ,jurieu1 ,ju/ification de la ,morale des ,re=mez1 contre ,m4 ,arnauld1 i4 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #gf3 ,a dis+5u\s attempt has be5 sometimes made to id5tify ^! nef>i\s maxims ) c]ta9 pr9ciples held by "s ( our re=m]s4 ,!re is an ess5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! natural "r claim$1 we d n say ) :at ju/ice1 = subjects to proce$ aga9/ _! rul]s z tyrants1 & ! "r assum$ by ! pope to depose rul]s z h]etics4 ,& x is equally easy to di/+ui% betwe5 ! disall[$ acts ( "s fanatical individuals :o h tak5 ! law into _! own h&s1 & ! atroci\s de$s ( su* m5 z ,*atel & ,ravaillac1 :o c\ld plead ! au?ority ( ,m>iana ! ,jesuit1 t 8to put tyrannical pr9ces to dea? is n only a lawful1 b a laudable1 h]oic1 & glori\s action40 7,dalton's ,jesuits2 _! ,pr9ciples & ,acts1 ,london1 #ahdc47 ,! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,ignatius at ,rome is or 0 adorn$1 x seems1 ) pictures ( all ! assass9ations m5tion$ 9 ,scripture1 :i* !y h1 mo/ presumptu\sly1 p]v]t$ 9 ju/ification ( _! feats 9 ?is dep>tm5t4 7,d',alemb]t1 ,de/4 ( ! ,jesuits1 p4 #aja47 ,footnote #gg3 ,taylor1 ,natural ,hi/4 ( ,en?usiasm1 p4 #bef4 ,footnote #gh3 ,de l',exi/5ce et de l',in/itut des ,jesuites4 ,p> le ,r4 ,p4 de ,ravignan1 de la ,compagnie de ,jesus4 ,p>is1 #ahde1 p4 #hc4 ,probabilism is ! doctr9e1 t if any op9ion 9 morals has be5 held by any grave doctor ( ! ,*ur*1 x is probably true1 & may be safely foll[$ 9 practice4 ,footnote #gi3 ,gilly1 ,n>rative ( an ,excursion to ,pi$mont1 p4 #aef4 ,footnote #hj3 ,d\glas on ,errors 9 ,religion1 p4 #aac4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,! ,,prov9cial ,,lett]s4 ,,lett] ,i4 ,,disputes ,,9 ,,! ,,sorbonne1 ,,& ,,! ,,inv5tion ,,( ,,proximate ,,p[]--,a ,,t]m ,,employ$ ,,by ,,! ,,jesuits ,,to ,,procure ,,! ,,c5sure ,,( ,m4 ,,arnauld4 ,,p>is1 ,janu>y #bc1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,we 7 entirely mi/ak54 ,x 0 only ye/]day t ,i 0 undeceiv$4 ,until t "t ,i _h labor$ "u ! impression t ! disputes 9 ! ,sorbonne 7 va/ly important1 & deeply affect$ ! int]e/s ( religion4 ,! frequ5t convocations ( an assembly s illu/ri\s z t ( ! ,!ological ,faculty ( ,p>is1 att5d$ by s _m extraord9>y & unprec$5t$ circum/ances1 l$ "o to =m su* high expectations1 t x 0 impossible to help com+ to ! conclusion t ! subject 0 mo/ extraord9>y4 ,y w be greatly surpris$1 h[ev]1 :5 y le>n f ! foll[+ acc\nt1 ! issue ( ?is gr& demon/ration1 :i*1 hav+ made myself p]fectly ma/] ( ! subject1 ,i %all be able to tell y 9 v few words4 ,two que/ions1 !n1 7 br\ght "u exam9ation2 ! "o a "q ( fact1 ! o!r a "q ( "r4 ,! "q ( fact consi/$ 9 asc]ta9+ :e!r ,m4 ,arnauld 0 guilty ( presumption1 = hav+ ass]t$ 9 8 second lett]#ha t he _h c>efully p]us$ ! book ( ,jans5ius1 & t he _h n discov]$ ! propositions condemn$ by ! late pope2 b t1 nev]!less1 z he condemn$ ^! propositions :]ev] !y might occur1 he condemn$ !m 9 ,jans5ius1 if !y 7 really conta9$ 9 t "w4#hb ,! "q "h 01 if he c\ld1 )\t presumption1 ent]ta9 a d\bt t ^! propositions 7 9 ,jans5ius1 aft] ! bi%ops _h decl>$ t !y 74 ,! matt] hav+ be5 br\ght be=e ! ,sorbonne1 sev5ty-"o doctors und]took 8 def5ce1 ma9ta9+ t ! only reply he c\ld possibly give to ! dem&s made ^u him 9 s _m publications1 call+ on him to say if he held t ^! propositions 7 9 t book1 01 t he _h n be5 able to f9d !m1 b t if !y 7 9 ! book1 he condemn$ !m 9 ! book4 ,"s ev5 w5t a /ep f>!r1 & prote/$ t1 aft] all ! se>* !y _h made into ! book1 !y _h nev] /umbl$ ^u ^! propositions1 & t !y _h1 on ! contr>y1 f\nd s5tim5ts entirely at v>iance ) !m4 ,!y !n e>ne/ly begg$ t1 if any doctor pres5t _h discov]$ !m1 he w\ld h ! goodness to po9t !m out2 add+1 t :at 0 s easy c\ld n reasonably be refus$1 z ?is w\ld be ! sure/ way to sil5ce ! :ole ( !m1 ,m4 ,arnauld includ$2 b ?is proposal has be5 uni=mly decl9$4 ,s mu* = ! "o side4 ,on ! o!r side are eighty secul> doctors1 & "s =ty m5dicant fri>s1 :o h condemn$ ,m4 ,arnauld's proposition1 )\t *oos+ to exam9e :e!r he has spok5 truly or falsely--:o1 9 fact1 h decl>$1 t !y h no?+ to d ) ! v]acity ( 8 proposition1 b simply ) its tem]ity4 ,besides ^!1 !re 7 fifte5 :o 7 n 9 favor ( ! c5sure1 & :o are call$ ,neutrals4 ,su* 0 ! issue ( ! "q ( fact1 reg>d+ :i*1 ,i mu/ say1 ,i give myself v little conc]n4 ,x does n affect my consci5ce 9 ! lea/ :e!r ,m4 ,arnauld is presumptu\s1 or ! rev]se2 & %\ld ,i be tempt$1 f curiosity1 to asc]ta9 :e!r ^! propositions are conta9$ 9 ,jans5ius1 8 book is nei!r s v r>e nor s v l>ge z to h9d] me f read+ x ov] f beg9n+ to end1 = my own satisfaction1 )\t consult+ ! ,sorbonne on ! matt]4 ,7 x n1 h[ev]1 = ! dread ( be+ presumptu\s myself1 ,i really ?9k t ,i w\ld be dispos$ to adopt ! op9ion :i* has be5 =m$ by ! mo/ ( my acqua9tances1 :o1 ?\gh !y h believ$ hi!rto on common report t ! propositions 7 9 ,jans5ius1 beg9 n[ to suspect ! contr>y1 ow+ to ?is /range refusal to po9t !m out--a refusal1 ! m extraord9>y to me1 z ,i h n yet met ) a s+le individual :o c say t he has discov]$ !m 9 t "w4 ,i am afraid1 !re=e1 t ?is c5sure w d m h>m ?an good1 & t ! impression :i* x w leave on ! m9ds ( all :o "k its hi/ory w be j ! rev]se ( ! conclusion t has be5 come to4 ,! tru? is1 ! _w has become sceptical ( late1 & w n believe ?+s till x sees !m4 ,b1 z ,i said be=e1 ?is po9t is ( v little mom5t1 z x has no conc]n ) religion4#hc ,! "q ( "r1 f its affect+ ! fai?1 appe>s mu* m important1 &1 accord+ly1 ,i took p>ticul> pa9s 9 exam9+ x4 ,y w be reliev$1 h[ev]1 to f9d t x is ( z little consequ5ce z ! =m]4 ,! po9t ( dispute "h1 0 an ass]tion ( ,m4 ,arnauld's 9 ! same lett]1 to ! effect1 8t ! grace )\t :i* we c d no?+1 0 want+ to ,/4 ,pet] at 8 fall40 ,y & ,i suppos$ t ! controv]sy "h w\ld turn ^u ! great pr9ciples ( grace2 su* z1 :e!r grace is giv5 to all m58 or1 if x is efficaci\s ( itself8 ,b we 7 q mi/ak54 ,y mu/ "k ,i h become a great !ologian )9 ?is %ort "t2 & n[ = ! pro(s ( x6 ,to asc]ta9 ! matt] ) c]ta9ty1 ,i repair$ to my neighbor1 ,m4 ,n----1 doctor ( ,nav>re1 :o1 z y are aw>e1 is "o ( ! ke5e/ oppon5ts ( ! ,jans5i/s1 & my curiosity hav+ made me almo/ z ke5 z himself1 ,i ask$ him if !y w\ld n =mally decide at once t 8grace is giv5 to all m510 & ?us set ! "q at re/4 ,b he gave me a sore rebuff1 & told me t t 0 n ! po9t2 t !re 7 "s ( 8 p>ty :o held t grace 0 n giv5 to all2 t ! exam9]s !mselves _h decl>$1 9 a full assembly ( ! ,sorbonne1 t t op9ion 0 problematical2 & t he himself held ! same s5tim5t1 :i* he confirm$ by quot+ to me :at he call$ t celebrat$ passage ( ,/4 ,augu/9e3 8,we "k t grace is n giv5 to all m540 ,i apologiz$ = hav+ misappreh5d$ 8 s5tim5t1 & reque/$ him to say if !y w\ld n at lea/ condemn t o!r op9ion ( ! ,jans5i/s :i* is mak+ s mu* noise1 8,t grace is efficaci\s ( itself1 & inv9cibly det]m9es our w to :at is good40 ,b 9 ?is second qu]y ,i 0 equally un=tunate4 8,y "k no?+ ab\t ! matt]10 he said2 8t is n a h]esy--x is an or?odox op9ion2 all ! ,?omi/s#hd ma9ta9 x2 & ,i myself h def5d$ x 9 my ,sorbonic !sis40#he ,i did n v5ture aga9 to propose my d\bts1 & yet ,i 0 z f> z ev] f und]/&+ :]e ! difficulty lay2 s1 at la/1 9 ord] to get at x1 ,i begg$ him to tell me :]e1 !n1 lay ! h]esy ( ,m4 ,arnauld's proposition8 8,x lies "h10 said he1 8t he does n ackn[l$ge t ! righte\s h ! p[] ( obey+ ! comm&m5ts ( ,god1 9 ! mann] 9 :i* we und]/& x40 ,on receiv+ ?is piece ( in=mation1 ,i took my leave ( him2 &1 q pr\d at hav+ discov]$ ! knot ( ! "q1 ,i s\ght ,m4 ,n----1 :o is gradually gett+ bett]1 & 0 suffici5tly recov]$ to conduct me to ! h\se ( 8 bro!r-9-law1 :o is a ,jans5i/1 if ev] !re 0 "o1 b a v good man not)/&+4 ,?9k+ to insure myself a bett] reception1 ,i pret5d$ to be v high on :at ,i took to be 8 side1 & said3 8,is x possible t ! ,sorbonne has introduc$ into ! ,*ur* su* an error z ?is1 #8t all ! righte\s h always ! p[] ( obey+ ! comm&m5ts ( ,god8'0 8,:at say y80 repli$ ! doctor4 8,call y t an error--a s5tim5t s ,ca?olic t none b ,lu!rans & ,calv9i/s impugn x80 8,inde$60 said ,i1 surpris$ 9 my turn2 8s y are n ( _! op9ion80 8,no10 he repli$2 8we ana!matize x z h]etical & impi\s40#hf ,conf\nd$ by ?is reply1 ,i soon discov]$ t ,i _h ov]act$ ! ,jans5i/1 z ,i _h =m]ly ov]done ! ,mol9i/4#hg ,b n be+ sure if ,i _h rightly und]/ood him1 ,i reque/$ him to tell me frankly if he held 8t ! righte\s h always a real p[] to obs]ve ! div9e precepts80 ,^u ?is ! good man got w>m 7b x 0 ) a holy zeal71 & prote/$ t he w\ld n disguise 8 s5tim5ts on any consid]ation--t su* 01 inde$1 8 belief1 & t he & all 8 p>ty w\ld def5d x to ! dea?1 z ! pure doctr9e ( ,/4 ,?omas1 & ( ,/4 ,augu/9e _! ma/]4 ,?is 0 spok5 s s]i\sly z to leave me no room = d\bt2 & "u ?is impression ,i return$ to my fir/ doctor1 & said to him1 ) an air ( great satisfaction1 t ,i 0 sure !re w\ld be peace 9 ! ,sorbonne v soon2 t ! ,jans5i/s 7 q at "o ) !m 9 ref]5ce to ! p[] ( ! righte\s to obey ! comm&m5ts ( ,god2 t ,i c\ld pl$ge my ^w = !m1 & c\ld make !m seal x ) _! blood4 8,hold !re60 said he4 8,"o mu/ be a !ologian to see ! po9t ( ?is "q4 ,! diff]5ce betwe5 u is s subtle1 t x is ) "s difficulty we c disc]n x ourselves--y w f9d x r too mu* = y\r p[]s ( compreh5sion4 ,cont5t y\rself1 !n1 ) kn[+ t x is v true ! ,jans5i/s w tell y t all ! righte\s h always ! p[] ( obey+ ! comm&m5ts2 t is n ! po9t 9 dispute betwe5 u2 b m>k y1 !y w n tell y t t p[] is proximate4 ,t is ! po9t40 ,?is 0 a new & unkn[n ^w to me4 ,up to ?is mom5t ,i _h manag$ to und]/& matt]s1 b t t]m involv$ me 9 obscurity2 & ,i v]ily believe t x has be5 inv5t$ = no o!r purpose ?an to my/ify4 ,i reque/$ him to give me an explanation ( x1 b he made a my/]y ( x1 & s5t me back1 )\t any fur!r satisfaction1 to dem& ( ! ,jans5i/s if !y w\ld admit ?is proximate p[]4 ,hav+ *>g$ my memory ) ! phrase 7z to my und]/&+1 t 0 out ( ! "q71 ,i ha/5$ ) all possible exp$ition1 fe>+ t ,i might =get x1 to my ,jans5i/ fri5d1 & acco/$ him1 imm$iately aft] our fir/ salutations1 )3 8,tell me1 pray1 if y admit ! proximate p[]80 ,he smil$1 & repli$1 coldly3 8,tell me y\rself 9 :at s5se y und]/& x1 & ,i may !n in=m y :at ,i ?9k ( x40 ,z my k did n ext5d q s f>1 ,i 0 at a loss :at reply to make2 & yet1 r ?an lose ! object ( my visit1 ,i said at r&om3 8,:y1 ,i und]/& x 9 ! s5se ( ! ,mol9i/s40 8,to :i* ( ! ,mol9i/s d y ref] me80 repli$ he1 ) ! utmo/ coolness4 ,i ref]r$ him to ! :ole ( !m toge!r1 z =m+ "o body1 & animat$ by "o _s4 8,y "k v little ab\t ! matt]10 return$ he4 8,s f> are !y f be+ unit$ 9 s5tim5t1 t "s ( !m are diametrically oppos$ to ea* o!r4 ,b1 be+ all unit$ 9 ! design to ru9 ,m4 ,arnauld1 !y h resolv$ to agree on ?is t]m proximate1 :i* bo? p>ties might use indiscrim9ately1 ?\gh !y und]/& x div]sely1 t ?us1 by a simil>ity ( language1 & an app>5t con=mity1 !y may =m a l>ge body1 & get up a majority to cru% him ) ! great] c]ta9ty40 ,?is reply fill$ me ) amazem5t2 b )\t imbib+ ^! impressions ( ! malici\s designs ( ! ,mol9i/s1 :i* ,i am unwill+ to believe on 8 ^w1 & ) :i* ,i h no conc]n1 ,i set myself simply to asc]ta9 ! v>i\s s5ses :i* !y give to t my/]i\s ^w proximate4 8,i w\ld enlight5 y on ! subject ) all my he>t10 he said2 8b y w\ld discov] 9 x su* a mass ( contr>iety & contradiction1 t y w\ld h>dly believe me4 ,y w\ld suspect me4 ,to make sure ( ! matt]1 y _h bett] le>n x f "s ( !mselves2 & ,i %all give y "s ( _! addresses4 ,y h only to make a sep>ate visit to "o call$ ,m4 le ,mo9e1#hh & to ,fa!r ,nicolai40#hi 8,i h no acqua9tance ) any ( ^! p]sons10 said ,i4 8,let me see1 !n10 he repli$1 8if y "k any ( ^? :om ,i %all "n to y2 !y all agree 9 s5tim5t ) ,m4 le ,mo9e40 ,i happ5$1 9 fact1 to "k "s ( !m4 8,well1 let u see if y are acqua9t$ ) any ( ! ,dom9icans :om !y call ! #8,new ,?omi/s1'#ij = !y are all ! same ) ,fa!r ,nicolai40 ,i knew "s ( !m also :om he nam$2 &1 resolv$ to pr(it by ?is c\nsel1 & to inve/igate ! matt]1 ,i took my leave ( him1 & w5t imm$iately to "o ( ! disciples ( ,m4 le ,mo9e4 ,i begg$ him to in=m me :at x 0 to h ! proximate p[] ( do+ a ?+4 8,x is easy to tell y t10 he repli$2 8x is m]ely to h all t is necess>y = do+ x 9 su* a mann] t no?+ is want+ to p]=mance40 8,& s10 said ,i1 8to h ! proximate p[] ( cross+ a riv]1 = example1 is to h a boat1 boatm51 o>s1 & all ! re/1 s t no?+ is want+80 8,exactly s10 said ! monk4 8,& to h ! proximate p[] ( see+10 cont9u$ ,i1 8mu/ be to h good eyes & ! light ( day2 = a p]son ) good sight 9 ! d>k w\ld n h ! proximate p[] ( see+1 accord+ to y1 z he w\ld want ! light1 )\t :i* "o _c see80 8,precisely10 said he4 8,& consequ5tly10 return$ ,i1 8:5 y say t all ! righte\s h ! proximate p[] ( obs]v+ ! comm&m5ts ( ,god1 y mean t !y h always all ! grace necess>y = obs]v+ !m1 s t no?+ is want+ to !m on ! "p ( ,god40 8,/ay !re10 he repli$2 8!y h always all t is necess>y = obs]v+ ! comm&m5ts1 or at lea/ = ask+ x ( ,god40 8,i und]/& y10 said ,i2 8!y h all t is necess>y = pray+ to ,god to assi/ !m1 )\t requir+ any new grace f ,god to enable !m to pray40 8,y h x n[10 he rejo9$4 8,b is x n necess>y t !y h an efficaci\s grace1 9 ord] to pray to ,god80 8,no10 said he2 8n accord+ to ,m4 le ,mo9e40 ,to lose no "t1 ,i w5t to ! ,jacob9s1#ia & reque/$ an int]view ) "s :om ,i knew to be ,new ,?omi/s1 & ,i begg$ !m to tell me :at 8proximate p[]0 04 8,is x n10 said ,i1 8t p[] to :i* no?+ is want+ 9 ord] to act80 8,no10 said !y4 8,inde$6 fa!rs10 said ,i2 8if any?+ is want+ to t p[]1 d y call x proximate8 ,w\ld y say1 = in/ance1 t a man 9 ! night "t1 & )\t any light1 _h ! proximate p[] ( see+80 8,yes1 inde$1 he w\ld h x1 9 our op9ion1 if he is n bl9d40 8,i grant t10 said ,i2 8b ,m4 le ,mo9e und]/&s x 9 a diff]5t mann]40 8,v true10 !y repli$2 8b s x is t we und]/& x40 8,i h no objections to t10 ,i said2 8= ,i nev] qu>rel ab\t a "n1 provid$ ,i am appriz$ ( ! s5se 9 :i* x is und]/ood4 ,b ,i p]ceive f ?is1 t :5 y speak ( ! righte\s hav+ always ! proximate p[] ( pray+ to ,god1 y und]/& t !y require ano!r supply = pray+1 )\t :i* !y w nev] pray40 8,mo/ excell5t60 exclaim$ ! good fa!rs1 embrac+ me2 8exactly ! ?+2 = !y mu/ h1 besides1 an efficaci\s grace be/[$ ^u all1 & :i* det]m9es _! wills to pray2 & x is h]esy to d5y ! necessity ( t efficaci\s grace 9 ord] to pray40 8,mo/ excell5t60 cri$ ,i1 9 return2 8b1 accord+ to y1 ! ,jans5i/s are ,ca?olics1 & ,m4 le ,mo9e a h]etic2 = ! ,jans5i/s ma9ta9 t1 :ile ! righte\s h p[] to pray1 !y require nev]!less an efficaci\s grace2 & ?is is :at y approve4 ,m4 le ,mo9e1 aga91 ma9ta9s t ! righte\s may pray )\t efficaci\s grace2 & ?is is :at y condemn40 8,ay10 said !y2 8b ,m4 le ,mo9e calls t p[] proximate p[]40 8,h[ n[6 fa!rs10 ,i exclaim$2 8?is is m]ely play+ ) words1 to say t y are agre$ z to ! common t]ms :i* y employ1 :ile y diff] ) !m z to ! s5se ( ^! t]ms40 ,! fa!rs made no reply2 & at ?is juncture1 :o %\ld come 9 b my old fri5d ! disciple ( ,m4 le ,mo9e6 ,i reg>d$ ?is at ! "t z an extraord9>y piece ( good =tune2 b ,i h discov]$ s9ce !n t su* meet+s are n r>e--t1 9 fact1 !y are con/antly mix+ 9 ea* o!r's society4#ib 8,i "k a man10 said ,i1 address+ myself to ,m4 le ,mo9e's disciple1 8:o holds t all ! righte\s h always ! p[] ( pray+ to ,god1 b t1 not)/&+ ?is1 !y w nev] pray )\t an efficaci\s grace :i* det]m9es !m1 & :i* ,god does n always give to all ! righte\s4 ,is he a h]etic80 8,/ay10 said ! doctor2 8y might take me by surprise4 ,let u g cauti\sly to "w4 ,di/+uo4#ic ,if he call t p[] proximate p[]1 he w be a ,?omi/1 & !re=e a ,ca?olic2 if n1 he w be a ,jans5i/1 & !re=e a h]etic40 8,he calls x nei!r proximate nor non-proximate10 said ,i4 8,!n he is a h]etic10 quo? he2 8,i ref] y to ^! good fa!rs if he is n40 ,i did n appeal to !m z judges1 = !y _h already nodd$ ass5t2 b ,i said to !m3 8,he refuses to admit t ^w proximate1 because he c meet ) nobody :o w expla9 x to him40 ,^u ?is "o ( ! fa!rs 0 on ! po9t ( (f]+ 8 def9ition ( ! t]m1 :5 he 0 int]rupt$ by ,m4 le ,mo9e's disciple1 :o said to him3 8,d y mean1 !n1 to r5ew our broils8 ,h we n agre$ n to expla9 t ^w proximate1 b to use x on bo? sides )\t say+ :at x signifies80 ,to ?is ! ,jacob9 gave 8 ass5t4 ,i 0 ?us let into ! :ole secret ( _! plot2 & ris+ to take my leave ( !m1 ,i rem>k$3 8,inde$1 fa!rs1 ,i am mu* afraid ?is is no?+ bett] ?an pure *ican]y2 & :atev] may be ! result ( y\r convocations1 ,i v5ture to pr$ict t1 ?\gh ! c5sure %\ld pass1 peace w n be e/abli%$4 ,= ?\gh x %\ld be decid$ t ! syllables ( t ^w proximate %\ld be pron\nc$1 :o does n see t1 ! mean+ n be+ expla9$1 ea* ( y w be dispos$ to claim ! victory8 ,! ,jacob9s w cont5d t ! ^w is to be und]/ood 9 _! s5se2 ,m4 le ,mo9e w insi/ t x mu/ be tak5 9 82 & ?us !re w be m wrangl+ ab\t ! explanation ( ! ^w ?an ab\t its introduction4 ,=1 aft] all1 !re w\ld be no great dang] 9 adopt+ x )\t any s5se1 see+ x is ?r\gh ! s5se only t x c d any h>m4 ,b x w\ld be unwor?y ( ! ,sorbonne & ( !ology to employ equivocal & capti\s t]ms )\t giv+ any explanation ( !m4 ,9 %ort1 fa!rs1 tell me1 ,i entreat y1 = ! la/ "t1 :at is necess>y to be believ$ 9 ord] to be a good ,ca?olic80 8,y mu/ say10 !y all vocif]at$ simultane\sly1 8t all ! righte\s h ! proximate p[]1 ab/ract+ f x all s5se--f ! s5se ( ! ,?omi/s & ! s5se ( o!r div9es40 8,t is to say10 ,i repli$1 9 tak+ leave ( !m1 8t ,i mu/ pron\nce t ^w to avoid be+ ! h]etic ( a "n4 ,=1 pray1 is ?is a ,scripture ^w80 8,no10 said !y4 8,is x a ^w ( ! ,fa!rs1 ! ,c\ncils1 or ! ,popes80 8,no40 8,is ! ^w1 !n1 us$ by ,/4 ,?omas80 8,no40 8,:at necessity1 !re=e1 is !re = us+ x1 s9ce x has nei!r ! au?ority ( o!rs nor any s5se ( itself80 8,y are an op9ionative fell[10 said !y2 8b y %all say x1 or y %all be a h]etic1 & ,m4 ,arnauld into ! b>ga92 = we are ! majority1 & %\ld x be necess>y1 we c br+ a suffici5t numb] ( ,cordeli]s#id into ! field to c>ry ! day40 ,on he>+ ?is solid argum5t1 ,i took my leave ( !m1 to write y ! =ego+ acc\nt ( my int]view1 f :i* y w p]ceive t ! foll[+ po9ts rema9 undisput$ & uncondemn$ by ei!r p>ty4 ,fir/1 ,t grace is n giv5 to all m54 ,second1 ,t all ! righte\s h always ! p[] ( obey+ ! div9e comm&m5ts4 ,?ird1 ,t !y require1 nev]!less1 9 ord] to obey !m1 & ev5 to pray1 an efficaci\s grace1 :i* inv9cibly det]m9es _! w4 ,f\r?1 ,t ?is efficaci\s grace is n always grant$ to all ! righte\s1 & t x dep5ds on ! pure m]cy ( ,god4 ,s t1 aft] all1 ! tru? is safe1 & no?+ runs any risk b t ^w )\t ! s5se1 proximate4 ,happy ! p :o are ignorant ( its exi/5ce6--happy ^? :o liv$ be=e x 0 born6--= ,i see no help = x1 unless ! g5tlem5 ( ! ,academy1#ie by an act ( absolute au?ority1 bani% t b>b>\s t]m1 :i* causes s _m divisions1 f beyond ! prec9cts ( ! ,sorbonne4 ,unless ?is be done1 ! c5sure appe>s c]ta92 b ,i c easily see t x w d no o!r h>m ?an dim9i% ! cr$it#if ( ! ,sorbonne1 & deprive x ( t au?ority :i* is s necess>y to x on o!r occasions4 ,mean:ile1 ,i leave y at p]fect lib]ty to hold by ! ^w proximate or n1 j z y please2 = ,i love y too mu* to p]secute y "u t pretext4 ,if ?is acc\nt is n displeas+ to y1 ,i %all cont9ue to apprize y ( all t happ5s4--,i am1 c4 ----- ,footnote #ha3 ,an?ony ,arnauld1 or ,arnaud1 prie/ & doctor ( ! ,sorbonne1 0 ! son ( ,an?ony ,arnauld1 a fam\s advocate1 & born at ,p>is1 ,febru>y #f1 #afab4 ,he e>ly di/+ui%$ himself 9 philosophy & div9ity1 advocat+ ! doctr9es ( ,augu/9e & ,port-,royal1 & oppos+ ^? ( ! ,jesuits4 ,! disputes conc]n+ grace :i* broke out ab\t #afdc 9 ! ,univ]sity ( ,p>is1 s]v$ to fom5t ! mutual animosity betwe5 ,m4 ,arnauld & ! ,jesuits1 :o ent]ta9$ a h]$it>y feud aga9/ ! :ole family1 f ! active "p tak5 by _! fa!r aga9/ ! ,society 9 ! close ( ! prec$+ c5tury4 ,9 #afee x happ5$ t a c]ta9 duke1 :o 0 educat+ 8 gr&-daught] at ,port-,royal1 ! ,jans5i/ mona/]y1 & kept a ,jans5i/ abb 9 8 h\se1 on pres5t+ himself = confession to a prie/ "u ! influ5ce ( ! ,jesuits1 0 refus$ absolution1 unless he promis$ to recall 8 gr&-daught] & disc>d 8 abb4 ,?is produc$ two lett]s f ,m4 ,arnauld1 9 ! second ( :i* he expos$ ! calumnies & falsities ) :i* ! ,jesuits _h assail$ him 9 a multitude ( pamphlets4 ,?is is ! lett] ref]r$ to 9 ! text4 ,footnote #hb3 ,! book :i* occasion$ ^! disputes 0 entitl$ ,augu/9us1 & 0 writt5 by ,cornelius ,jans5ius or ,jans51 bi%op ( ,ypres1 & publi%$ aft] 8 dea?4 ,five propositions1 select$ f ?is "w1 7 condemn$ by ! pope2 & arm$ ) ^!1 z ) a sc\rge1 ! ,jesuits cont9u$ to p]secute ! ,jans5i/s till !y accompli%$ _! ru94 ,footnote #hc3 ,& yet 8! "q ( fact10 :i* ,pascal pr(esses to treat s lightly1 became ! turn+ po9t ( all ! subsequ5t p]secutions direct$ aga9/ ! unhappy ,port-,royali/s6 ,^? :o h read ! sad tale ( ! demolition ( ,port-,royal1 w recollect ) a sigh1 ! suff]+s inflict$ on ! poor s*ol>s & pi\s nuns ( t e/abli%m5t solely on ! gr\nd t1 f respect to ,jans5ius & to a good consci5ce !y w\ld n subscribe a =mul>y ackn[l$g+ ! five propositions to be conta9$ 9 8 book4--7,see ,n>rative ( ! ,demolition ( ! ,mona/]y ( ,port-,royal1 by ,m>y ,anne ,s*immelp5n9ck p4 #agj1 c47 ,footnote #hd3 ,! ,?omi/s 7 s call$ aft] ,?omas ,aqu9as1 ! celebrat$ 8,angelic ,doctor0 ( ! s*ools4 ,he fl\ri%$ 9 ! ?irte5? c5tury1 & 0 oppos$ 9 ! foll[+ c5tury1 by ,duns ,scotus1 a ,briti%1 "s say a ,scotti%1 monk ( ! ord] ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,?is gave rise to a fi]ce & protract$ controv]sy1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* ! ,franciscans took ! side ( ,duns ,scotus1 & 7 call$ ,scoti/s2 :ile ! ,dom9icans esp\s$ ! cause ( ,?omas ,aqu9as1 & 7 sometimes call$ ,?omi/s4 ,footnote #he3 ,sorbonique--an act or !sis ( div9ity1 deliv]$ 9 ! hall ( ! college ( ! ,sorbonne by c&idates = ! degree ( doctor4 ,footnote #hf3 ,! ,jans5i/s1 9 _! dread ( be+ class$ ) ,lu!rans & ,calv9i/s1 condesc5d$ to quibble on ?is "q4 ,9 reality1 z we %all see1 !y agre$ ) ! ,re=m]s = !y d5i$ t any c\ld actually obey ! comm&m5ts )\t efficaci\s grace4 ,footnote #hg3 ,mol9i/4 ,! ,jesuits 7 s call$1 9 ?is dispute1 aft] ,lewis ,mol9a1 a fam\s ,jesuit ( ,spa91 :o publi%$ a "w1 entitl$ ,concordia ,grati et ,lib]i ,arbitrii1 9 :i* he pr(ess$ to h f\nd out a new way ( reconcil+ ! fre$om ( ! human w ) ! div9e presci5ce4 ,?is new inv5tion 0 t]m$ ,sci5tia ,m$ia1 or middle k4 ,all :o adopt$ ! s5tim5ts ( ,mol9a1 :e!r ,jesuits or n1 7 t]m$ ,mol9i/s4 ,footnote #hh3 ,pi]re le ,mo9e 0 a doctor ( ! ,sorbonne1 :om ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu employ$ to write aga9/ ,jans5ius4 ,?is ,jesuit 0 ! au?or ( sev]al works :i* display consid]able tal5t1 ?\gh little pr9ciple4 ,8 book on ,grace 0 =cibly answ]$1 & himself some:at sev]ely h&l$1 9 a "w entitl$ 8,an ,apology = ! ,holy ,fa!rs10 :i* he suspect$ to be writt5 by ,arnauld4 ,x 0 ,le ,mo9e :o1 accord+ to ,nicole1 _h ! *ief %>e 9 rais+ ! /orm aga9/ ,arnauld1 ( :om he 0 ! bitt] & av[$ enemy4 ,footnote #hi3 ,fa!r ,nicolai 0 a ,dom9ican--an ord] ( fri>s :o pr(ess$ to be foll[]s ( ,/4 ,?omas4 ,he is "h m5tion$ z a repres5tative ( 8 class2 b ,nicole in=ms u t he ab&on$ ! pr9ciples ( 8 ord]1 & became a ,mol9i/1 or an abettor ( ,pelagianism4 ,footnote #ij3 ,new ,?omi/s4 ,x is m difficult to trace or rememb] ! v>i\s sects into :i* ! ,roman ,*ur* is divid$1 ?an ^? ( ! ,prote/ant ,*ur*4 ,! ,new ,?omi/s 7 ! disciples ( ,diego ,alv>ez1 a !ologian ( ! ord] ( ,/4 ,dom9ic1 :o fl\ri%$ 9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies4 ,he 0 s5t f ,spa9 to ,rome 9 #aeif1 to def5d ! doctr9e ( grace aga9/ ,mol9a1 & di/+ui%$ himself 9 ! ,congregation ,de ,auxiliis4 ,! ,new ,?omi/s cont5d$ = efficaci\s grace1 b admitt$ at ! same "t1 a suffici5t grace1 :i* 0 giv5 to all1 & yet n suffici5t = any actual p]=mance )\t ! efficaci\s4 ,! ridicul\s incongruity ( ?is doctr9e is admirably expos$ by ,pascal 9 8 second lett]4 ,footnote #ia3 ,jacob9s1 ano!r "n = ! ,dom9icans 9 ,france1 :]e !y 7 s call$ f ! /reet 9 ,p>is1 ,rue de ,/4 ,jacques1 :]e _! fir/ conv5t 0 erect$1 9 ! ye> #abah4 ,9 ,engl& !y 7 call$ ,black ,fri>s4 ,_! f\nd] 0 ,dom9ick1 a ,spani>d4 ,8 "m1 x is said1 dreamt1 be=e 8 bir?1 t %e 0 to be deliv]$ ( a wolf ) a tor* 9 8 m\?4 ,! augury 0 realiz$ 9 ! b>b>\s humor ( ,dom9ick1 & ! massacres :i* he occasion$ 9 v>i\s p>ts ( ! _w1 by prea*+ up crusades aga9/ ! h]etics4 ,he 0 ! f\nd] ( ! ,inquisition1 & 8 ord] 01 be=e ! ,re=mation1 :at ! ,jesuits 7 aft] x--! s\l ( ! ,romi% hi]>*y1 & ! bitt]e/ enemies ( ! tru?4 ,footnote #ib3 ,?is is a sly hit at ! ,dom9icans = comb9+ ) _! natural enemies ! ,jesuits1 9 ord] to accompli% ! ru9 ( ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,footnote #ic3 ,di/+uo4 8,i draw a di/9ction0--a humor\s allusion to ! endless di/9ctions ( ! ,ari/otelian s*ool1 9 :i* ! writ+s ( ! ,casui/s ab\nd$1 & by means ( :i* !y may be said to h m frequ5tly elud$ ?an elucidat$ ! tru?4 ,m4 le ,mo9e 0 p>ticul>ly fam\s = ^! di/+uos1 frequ5tly introduc+ ?ree or f\r ( !m 9 succession on "o head2 & ! disciple 9 ! te/ is made to e*o ! favorite phrase ( 8 ma/]4 ,footnote #id3 ,cordeli]s1 a designation ( ! ,franciscans1 or monks ( ! ord] ( ,/4 ,francis4 ,footnote #ie3 ,! ,royal ,academy1 :i* compil$ ! celebrat$ diction>y ( ! ,fr5* language1 & 0 held at t "t to be ! great umpire 9 lit]ature4 ,footnote #if3 ,! edition ( #afeg _h x1 ,r5dre la ,sorbonne meprisable--8,r5d] ! ,sorbonne contemptible0--an expression mu* m j1 b :i* ! editors dur/ n all[ to rema9 9 ! subsequ5t editions4 ,,lett] ,,ii4 ,,( ,,suffici5t ,,grace4 ,,p>is1 ,janu>y #bi1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,j z ,i _h seal$ up my la/ lett]1 ,i receiv$ a visit f our old fri5d ,m4 ,n----4 ,no?+ c\ld h happ5$ m luckily = my curiosity2 = he is ?or\ghly in=m$ 9 ! que/ions ( ! day1 & is completely 9 ! secret ( ! ,jesuits1 at ^: h\ses1 includ+ ^? ( _! lead+ m51 he is a con/ant visitor4 ,aft] hav+ talk$ ov] ! bus9ess :i* br\ght him to my h\se1 ,i ask$ him to /ate1 9 a few words1 :at 7 ! po9ts 9 dispute betwe5 ! two p>ties4 ,he imm$iately compli$1 & in=m$ me t ! pr9cipal po9ts 7 two--! fir/ ab\t ! proximate p[]1 & ! second ab\t suffici5t grace4 ,i h enlight5$ y on ! fir/ ( ^! po9ts 9 my =m] lett]1 & %all n[ speak ( ! second4 ,9 "o ^w1 !n1 ,i f\nd t _! diff]5ce ab\t suffici5t grace may be def9$ ?us3 ,! ,jesuits ma9ta9 t !re is a grace giv5 g5]ally to all m51 subject 9 su* a way to free-w t ! w r5d]s x efficaci\s or inefficaci\s at its pleasure1 )\t any additional aid f ,god1 & )\t want+ any?+ on 8 "p 9 ord] to act+ effectively2 & h5ce !y t]m ?is grace suffici5t1 because x suffices ( itself = action4 ,! ,jans5i/s1 on ! o!r h&1 w n all[ t any grace is actually suffici5t :i* is n also efficaci\s2 t is1 t all ^? k9ds ( grace :i* d n det]m9e ! w to act effectively are insuffici5t = action2 = !y hold t a man c nev] act )\t efficaci\s grace4 ,su* are ! po9ts 9 debate betwe5 ! ,jesuits & ! ,jans5i/s2 & my next object 0 to asc]ta9 ! doctr9e ( ! ,new ,?omi/s4#ig 8,x is r an odd "o10 he said2 8!y agree ) ! ,jesuits 9 admitt+ a suffici5t grace giv5 to all m52 b !y ma9ta91 at ! same "t1 t no man c act ) ?is grace alone1 b t1 9 ord] to ?is1 he mu/ receive f ,god an efficaci\s grace :i* really det]m9es 8 w to ! action1 & :i* ,god does n grant to all m540 8,s t1 accord+ to ?is doctr9e10 said ,i1 8?is grace is suffici5t )\t be+ suffici5t40 8,exactly s10 he repli$2 8= if x suffices1 !re is no ne$ ( any?+ m = act+2 & if x does n suffice1 :y--x is n suffici5t40 8,b10 ask$ ,i1 8:]e1 !n1 is ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m & ! ,jans5i/s80 8,!y diff] 9 ?is10 he repli$1 8t ! ,dom9icans h ?is good qualification1 t !y d n refuse to say t all m5 h ! suffici5t grace40 8,i und]/& y10 return$ ,i2 8b !y say x )\t ?9k+ x2 = !y add t1 9 ord] to action1 we mu/ h an efficaci\s grace :i* is n giv5 to all2 consequ5tly1 if !y agree ) ! ,jesuits 9 ! use ( a t]m :i* has no s5se1 !y diff] f !m1 & co9cide ) ! ,jans5i/s 9 ! sub/ance ( ! ?+40 8,t is v true10 said he4 8,h[1 !n10 said ,i1 8are ! ,jesuits unit$ ) !m8 & :y d !y n combat !m z well z ! ,jans5i/s1 s9ce !y w always f9d p[]ful antagoni/s 9 ^! m51 :o1 by ma9ta9+ ! necessity ( ! efficaci\s grace :i* det]m9es ! w1 w prev5t !m f e/abli%+ t grace :i* !y hold to be ( itself suffici5t80 8,! ,dom9icans are too p[]ful10 he repli$1 8& ! ,jesuits are too politic1 to come to an op5 rupture ) !m4 ,! ,society is cont5t ) hav+ prevail$ on !m s f> z to admit ! "n ( suffici5t grace1 ?\gh !y und]/& x 9 ano!r s5se2 by :i* manuvre !y ga9 ?is advantage1 t !y w make _! op9ion appe> unt5able1 z soon z !y judge x prop] to d s4 ,& ?is w be no difficult matt]2 =1 let x be once grant$ t all m5 h ! suffici5t graces1 no?+ c be m natural ?an to conclude1 t ! efficaci\s grace is n necess>y to action--! suffici5cy ( ! g5]al grace preclud+ ! necessity ( all o!rs4 ,by say+ suffici5t we express all t is necess>y = action2 & x w s]ve little purpose = ! ,dom9icans to exclaim t !y atta* ano!r s5se to ! expression2 ! p1 accu/om$ to ! common acceptation ( t t]m1 w\ld n ev5 li/5 to _! explanation4 ,?us ! ,society ga9s a suffici5t advantage f ! expression :i* has be5 adopt$ by ! ,dom9icans1 )\t press+ !m any fur!r2 & 7 y b acqua9t$ ) :at pass$ "u ,popes ,clem5t ,,viii4 & ,paul ,v41 & knew h[ ! ,society 0 ?w>t$ by ! ,dom9icans 9 ! e/abli%m5t ( ! suffici5t grace1 y w\ld n be surpris$ to f9d t x avoids embroil+ itself 9 qu>rels ) !m1 & all[s !m to hold _! own op9ion1 provid$ t ( ! ,society is left unt\*$2 & m especially1 :5 ! ,dom9icans c\nt5ance its doctr9e1 by agree+ to employ1 on all public occasions1 ! t]m suffici5t grace4 8,! ,society10 he cont9u$1 8is q satisfi$ ) _! complaisance4 ,x does n insi/ on _! d5y+ ! necessity ( efficaci\s grace2 ?is w\ld be urg+ !m too f>4 ,p %\ld n tyrannize ov] _! fri5ds2 & ! ,jesuits h ga9$ q en\gh4 ,! _w is cont5t ) words2 few ?9k ( se>*+ into ! nature ( ?+s2 & ?us ! "n ( suffici5t grace be+ adopt$ on bo? sides1 ?\gh 9 diff]5t s5ses1 !re is nobody1 except ! mo/ subtle !ologians1 :o ev] dreams ( d\bt+ t ! ?+ signifi$ by t ^w is held by ! ,jacob9s z well z by ! ,jesuits2 & ! result w %[ t ^! la/ are n ! greate/ dupes40#ih ,i ackn[l$g$ t !y 7 a %rewd class ( p1 ^! ,jesuits2 &1 avail+ myself ( 8 advice1 ,i w5t /raight to ! ,jacob9s1 at ^: gate ,i f\nd "o ( my good fri5ds1 a /aun* ,jans5i/ 7= y mu/ "k ,i h got fri5ds among all p>ties71 :o 0 call+ = ano!r monk1 diff]5t f him :om ,i 0 9 se>* (4 ,i prevail$ on him1 h[ev]1 aft] mu* entreaty1 to accompany me1 & ask$ = "o ( my ,new ,?omi/s4 ,he 0 delight$ to see me aga94 8,h[ n[6 my de> fa!r10 ,i began1 8x seems x is n en\gh t all m5 h a proximate p[]1 ) :i* !y c nev] act ) effect2 !y mu/ h besides ?is a suffici5t grace1 ) :i* !y c act z little4 ,is n t ! doctr9e ( y\r s*ool80 8,x is10 said ! wor?y monk2 8& ,i 0 uphold+ x ?is v morn+ 9 ! ,sorbonne4 ,i spoke on ! po9t dur+ my :ole half-h\r2 & b = ! s&-glass1 ,i bade fair to h rev]s$ t wick$ prov]b1 n[ s curr5t 9 ,p>is3 #8,he votes )\t speak+1 l a monk 9 ! ,sorbonne4'0#ii 8,:at d y mean by y\r half-h\r & y\r s&-glass80 ,i ask$2 8d !y cut y\r spee*es by a c]ta9 measure80 8,yes10 said he1 8!y h done s = "s days pa/40 8,& d !y oblige y to speak = half an h\r80 8,no2 we may speak z little z we please40 8,b n z mu* z y please10 said ,i4 8,o :at a capital regulation = ! boobies6 :at a bless$ excuse = ^? :o h no?+ wor? ! say+6 ,b1 to return to ! po9t1 fa!r2 ?is grace giv5 to all m5 is suffici5t1 is x n80 8,yes10 said he4 8,& yet x has no effect )\t efficaci\s grace80 8,none :atev]10 he repli$4 8,& all m5 h ! suffici5t10 cont9u$ ,i1 8& all h n ! efficaci\s80 8,exactly10 said he4 8,t is10 return$ ,i1 8all h en\gh ( grace1 & all h n en\gh ( x--t is1 ?is grace suffices1 ?\gh x does n suffice--t is1 x is suffici5t 9 "n1 & insuffici5t 9 effect6 ,9 good soo?1 fa!r1 ?is is p>ticul>ly subtle doctr9e6 ,h y =gott51 s9ce y retir$ to ! cloi/]1 ! mean+ atta*$1 9 ! _w y h quitt$1 to ! ^w suffici5t8--don't y rememb] t x includes all t is necess>y = act+8 ,b no1 y _c h lo/ all recollection ( x2 =1 to avail myself ( an illu/ration :i* w come home m vividly to y\r feel+s1 let u suppose t y 7 suppli$ ) no m ?an two ounces ( bread & a glass ( wat] daily1 w\ld y be q pleas$ ) y\r prior 7 he to tell y t ?is w\ld be suffici5t to support y1 "u ! pretext t1 along ) some?+ else1 :i*1 h[ev]1 he w\ld n give y1 y w\ld h all t w\ld be necess>y to support y8 ,h[1 !n1 c y all[ y\rselves to say t all m5 h suffici5t grace = act+1 :ile y admit t !re is ano!r grace absolutely necess>y to act+ :i* all m5 h n8 ,is x because ?is is an unimportant article ( belief1 & y leave all m5 at lib]ty to believe t efficaci\s grace is necess>y or n1 z !y *oose8 ,is x a matt] ( indiff]5ce to say1 t ) suffici5t grace a man may really act80 8,h[60 cri$ ! good man2 8indiff]5ce6--x is h]esy--=mal h]esy4 ,! necessity ( efficaci\s grace = act+ effectively1 is a po9t ( fai?--x is h]esy to d5y x40 8,:]e are we n[80 ,i exclaim$2 8& :i* side am ,i to take "h8 ,if ,i d5y ! suffici5t grace1 ,i am a ,jans5i/4 ,if ,i admit x1 z ! ,jesuits d1 9 ! way ( d5y+ t efficaci\s grace is necess>y1 ,i %all be a h]etic1 say y4 ,& if ,i admit x1 z y d1 9 ! way ( ma9ta9+ ! necessity ( efficaci\s grace1 ,i s9 aga9/ common s5se1 & am a blockhead1 say ! ,jesuits4 ,:at mu/ ,i d1 ?us r$uc$ to ! inevitable necessity ( be+ a blockhead1 a h]etic1 or a ,jans5i/8 ,& :at a sad pass are matt]s come to1 if !re are none b ! ,jans5i/s :o avoid com+ into collision ei!r ) ! fai? or ) reason1 & :o save !mselves at once f absurdity & f error60 ,my ,jans5i/ fri5d took ?is spee* z a good om51 & already look$ ^u me z a conv]t4 ,he said no?+ to me1 h[ev]2 b1 address+ ! monk3 8,pray1 fa!r10 inquir$ he1 8:at is ! po9t on :i* y agree ) ! ,jesuits80 8,we agree 9 ?is10 he repli$1 8t ! ,jesuits & we ackn[l$ge ! suffici5t grace giv5 to all40 8,b10 said ! ,jans5i/1 8!re are two ?+s 9 ?is expression suffici5t grace--!re is ! s\nd1 :i* is only s mu* brea?2 & !re is ! ?+ :i* x signifies1 :i* is real & effectual4 ,&1 !re=e1 z y are agre$ ) ! ,jesuits 9 reg>d to ! ^w suffici5t1 & oppos$ to !m z to ! s5se1 x is app>5t t y are oppos$ to !m 9 reg>d to ! sub/ance ( t t]m1 & t y only agree ) !m z to ! s\nd4 ,is ?is :at y call act+ s9c]ely & cordially80 8,b10 said ! good man1 8:at cause h y to compla91 s9ce we deceive nobody by ?is mode ( speak+8 ,9 our s*ools we op5ly tea* t we und]/& x 9 a mann] diff]5t f ! ,jesuits40 8,:at ,i compla9 (10 return$ my fri5d1 8is1 t y d n proclaim x ev]y:]e1 t by suffici5t grace y und]/& ! grace :i* is n suffici5t4 ,y are b\nd 9 consci5ce1 by ?us alt]+ ! s5se ( ! ord9>y t]ms ( !ology1 to tell t1 :5 y admit a suffici5t grace 9 all m51 y und]/& t !y h n suffici5t grace 9 effect4 ,all classes ( p]sons 9 ! _w und]/& ! ^w suffici5t 9 "o & ! same s5se2 ! ,new ,?omi/s alone und]/& x 9 ano!r s5se4 ,all ! wom51 :o =m "o-half ( ! _w1 all c\rti]s1 all milit>y m51 all magi/rates1 all lawy]s1 m]*ants1 artisans1 ! :ole populace--9 %ort1 all sorts ( m51 except ! ,dom9icans1 und]/& ! ^w suffici5t to express all t is necess>y4 ,sc>cely any "o is aw>e ( ?is s+ul> exception4 ,x is report$ ov] ! :ole e>?1 simply t ! ,dom9icans hold t all m5 h ! suffici5t graces4 ,:at o!r conclusion c be drawn f ?is1 ?an t !y hold t all m5 h all ! graces necess>y = action2 especially :5 !y are se5 jo9$ 9 int]e/ & intrigue ) ! ,jesuits1 :o und]/& ! ?+ 9 t s5se8 ,is n ! uni=mity ( y\r expressions1 view$ 9 connection ) ?is union ( p>ty1 a manife/ indication & confirmation ( ! uni=mity ( y\r s5tim5ts8 8,! multitude ( ! fai?ful inquire ( !ologians3 ,:at is ! real condition ( human nature s9ce its corruption8 ,/4 ,augu/9e & 8 disciples reply1 t x has no suffici5t grace until ,god is pleas$ to be/[ x4 ,next come ! ,jesuits1 & !y say t all h ! effectually suffici5t graces4 ,! ,dom9icans are consult$ on ?is contr>iety ( op9ion2 & :at c\rse d !y pursue8 ,!y unite ) ! ,jesuits2 by ?is coalition !y make up a majority2 !y sec$e f ^? :o d5y ^! suffici5t graces2 !y decl>e t all m5 possess !m4 ,:o1 on he>+ ?is1 w\ld imag9e any?+ else ?an t !y gave _! sanction to ! op9ion ( ! ,jesuits8 ,& !n !y add t1 nev]!less1 ^! said suffici5t graces are p]fectly useless )\t ! efficaci\s1 :i* are n giv5 to all6 8,%all ,i pres5t y ) a picture ( ! ,*ur* amid/ ^! conflict+ s5tim5ts8 ,i consid] h] v l a man :o1 leav+ 8 native c\ntry on a j\rney1 is enc\nt]$ by robb]s1 :o inflict _m w\nds on him1 & leave him half dead4 ,he s5ds = ?ree physicians resid5t 9 ! neighbor+ t[ns4 ,! fir/1 on prob+ 8 w\nds1 pron\nces !m mortal1 & assures him t none b ,god c re/ore to him 8 lo/ p[]s4 ,! second1 com+ aft] ! o!r1 *ooses to flatt] ! man--tells him t he has /ill suffici5t /r5g? to rea* 8 home2 &1 abus+ ! fir/ physician :o oppos$ 8 advice1 det]m9es ^u 8 ru94 ,9 ?is dilemma1 ! poor pati5t1 obs]v+ ! ?ird m$ical g5tleman at a di/ance1 /ret*es out 8 h&s to him z ! p]son :o %\ld det]m9e ! controv]sy4 ,?is practition]1 on exam9+ 8 w\nds1 & asc]ta9+ ! op9ions ( ! fir/ two doctors1 embraces t ( ! second1 & unit+ ) him1 ! two comb9e aga9/ ! fir/1 & be+ ! /rong] p>ty 9 numb]1 drive him f ! field 9 disgrace4 ,f ?is proce$+1 ! pati5t naturally concludes t ! la/ com] is ( ! same op9ion ) ! second2 &1 on putt+ ! "q to him1 he assures him mo/ positively t 8 /r5g? is suffici5t = prosecut+ 8 j\rney4 ,! w\nd$ man1 h[ev]1 s5sible ( 8 own weakness1 begs him to expla9 to him h[ he consid]$ him suffici5t = ! j\rney4 #8,because1' replies 8 advis]1 #8y are /ill 9 possession ( y\r legs1 & legs are ! organs :i* naturally suffice = walk+4' #8,b1' says ! pati5t1 #8h ,i all ! /r5g? necess>y to make use ( my legs8 =1 9 my pres5t weak condition1 x humbly appe>s to me t !y are :olly useless4' #8,c]ta9ly y h n1' replies ! doctor2 #8y w nev] walk effectively1 unless ,god v\*safes "s extraord9>y assi/ance to su/a9 & conduct y4' #8,:at6' exclaims ! poor man1 #8d y n mean to say t ,i h suffici5t /r5g? 9 me1 s z to want = no?+ to walk effectively8' #8,v f> f x1' returns ! physician4 #8,y mu/1 !n1' says ! pati5t1 #8be ( a diff]5t op9ion f y\r companion !re ab\t my real condition4' #8,i mu/ admit t ,i am1' replies ! o!r4 8,:at d y suppose ! pati5t said to ?is8 ,:y1 he compla9$ ( ! /range conduct & ambigu\s t]ms ( ?is ?ird physician4 ,he c5sur$ him = tak+ "p ) ! second1 to :om he 0 oppos$ 9 s5tim5t1 & ) :om he _h only ! semblance ( agreem5t1 & = hav+ driv5 away ! fir/ doctor1 ) :om he 9 reality agre$2 &1 aft] mak+ a trial ( 8 /r5g?1 & f9d+ by exp]i5ce 8 actual weakness1 he s5t !m bo? ab\t _! bus9ess1 recall$ 8 fir/ advis]1 put himself "u 8 c>e1 & hav+1 by 8 advice1 implor$ f ,god ! /r5g? ( :i* he confess$ 8 ne$1 obta9$ ! m]cy he s\ght1 &1 ?r\gh div9e help1 rea*$ 8 h\se 9 peace40 ,! wor?y monk 0 s conf\nd$ ) ?is p>able t he c\ld n f9d words to reply4 ,to *e] him up a little1 ,i said to him1 9 a mild tone3 8,b1 aft] all1 my de> fa!r1 :at made y ?9k ( giv+ ! "n ( suffici5t to a grace :i* y say x is a po9t ( fai? to believe is1 9 fact1 insuffici5t80 8,x is v easy = y to talk ab\t x10 said he4 8,y are an indep5d5t & private man2 ,i am a monk1 & 9 a community--_c y e/imate ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two cases8 ,we dep5d on sup]iors2 !y dep5d on o!rs4 ,!y h promis$ our votes--:at w\ld y h to become ( me80 ,we und]/ood ! h9t2 & ?is br\ght to our recollection ! case ( 8 bro!r monk1 :o1 = a simil> piece ( indiscretion1 has be5 exil$ to ,abbeville4 8,b10 ,i resum$1 8h[ comes x ab\t t y\r community is b\nd to admit ?is grace80 8,t is ano!r "q10 he repli$4 8,all t ,i c tell y is1 9 "o ^w1 t our ord] has def5d$1 to ! utmo/ ( its ability1 ! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,?omas on efficaci\s grace4 ,) :at ardor did x oppose1 f ! v comm5cem5t1 ! doctr9e ( ,mol9a8 ,h[ did x labor to e/abli% ! necessity ( ! efficaci\s grace ( ,jesus ,*ri/8 ,don't y "k :at happ5$ "u ,clem5t ,,viii4 & ,paul ,v41 & h[ ! =m] hav+ be5 prev5t$ by dea?1 & ! latt] h9d]$ by "s ,italian affairs f publi%+ 8 bull1 our arms /ill sleep 9 ! ,vatican8 ,b ! ,jesuits1 avail+ !mselves1 s9ce ! introduction ( ! h]esy ( ,lu!r & ,calv91 ( ! scanty light :i* ! p possess = discrim9at+ betwe5 ! error ( ^! m5 & ! tru? ( ! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,?omas1 dissem9at$ _! pr9ciples ) su* rapidity & success1 t !y became1 ere long1 ma/]s ( ! popul> belief2 :ile we1 on our "p1 f\nd ourselves 9 ! pr$icam5t ( be+ d5\nc$ z ,calv9i/s1 & treat$ z ! ,jans5i/s are at pres5t1 unless we qualifi$ ! efficaci\s grace )1 at lea/1 ! app>5t av[al ( a suffici5t4#ajj ,9 ?is extremity1 :at bett] c\rse c\ld we h tak5 = sav+ ! tru?1 )\t los+ our own cr$it1 ?an by admitt+ ! "n ( suffici5t grace1 :ile we d5i$ t x 0 su* 9 effect8 ,su* is ! real hi/ory ( ! case40 ,?is 0 spok5 9 su* a melan*oly tone1 t ,i really began to pity ! man2 n s1 h[ev]1 my companion4 8,flatt] n y\rselves10 said he to ! monk1 8) hav+ sav$ ! tru?2 _h %e n f\nd o!r def5d]s1 9 y\r feeble h&s %e mu/ h p]i%$4 ,by admitt+ into ! ,*ur* ! "n ( h] enemy1 y h admitt$ ! enemy himself4 ,names are insep>able f ?+s4 ,if ! t]m suffici5t grace be once e/abli%$1 x w be va9 = y to prote/ t y und]/& by x a grace :i* is n suffici5t4 ,y\r prote/ w be held inadmissible4 ,y\r explanation w\ld be sc\t$ z odi\s 9 ! _w1 :]e m5 speak m +5u\sly ab\t matt]s ( inf9itely less mom5t4 ,! ,jesuits w ga9 a triumph--x w be _! grace1 :i* is suffici5t1 9 fact1 & n y\rs1 :i* is only s 9 "n1 t w pass z e/abli%$2 & ! conv]se ( y\r cre$ w become an article ( fai?40 8,we w all suff] m>tyrdom fir/10 cri$ ! fa!r1 8r ?an cons5t to ! e/abli%m5t ( suffici5t grace 9 ! s5se ( ! ,jesuits4 ,/4 ,?omas1 :om we h sworn to foll[ ev5 to ! dea?1 is diametrically oppos$ to su* doctr9e40#aja ,to ?is my fri5d1 :o took up ! matt] m s]i\sly ?an ,i did1 repli$3 8,come n[1 fa!r1 y\r frat]nity has receiv$ an honor :i* x sadly abuses4 ,x ab&ons t grace :i* 0 confid$ to its c>e1 & :i* has nev] be5 ab&on$ s9ce ! creation ( ! _w4 ,t victori\s grace1 :i* 0 wait$ = by ! patri>*s1 pr$ict$ by ! prophets1 introduc$ by ,jesus ,*ri/1 prea*$ by ,/4 ,paul1 expla9$ by ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ! greate/ ( ! fa!rs1 embrac$ by 8 foll[]s1 confirm$ by ,/4 ,b]n>d1 ! la/ ( ! fa!rs1#ajb support$ by ,/4 ,?omas1 ! angel ( ! s*ools1#ajc transmitt$ by him to y\r ord]1 ma9ta9$ by s _m ( y\r fa!rs1 & s nobly def5d$ by y\r monks "u popes ,clem5t & ,paul--t efficaci\s grace1 :i* _h be5 committ$ z a sacr$ deposit into y\r h&s1 t x might f9d1 9 a sacr$ & ev]la/+ ord]1 a succession ( prea*]s1 :o might proclaim x to ! end ( "t--is disc>d$ & des]t$ = int]e/s ! mo/ contemptible4 ,x is high "t = o!r h&s to arm 9 its qu>rel4 ,x is "t = ,god to raise up intrepid disciples ( ! ,doctor ( grace1#ajd :o1 /rang]s to ! entanglem5ts ( ! _w1 w s]ve ,god = ,god's sake4 ,grace may n1 inde$1 numb] ! ,dom9icans among h] *ampions1 b *ampions %e %all nev] want2 =1 by h] own almighty en]gy1 %e creates !m = h]self4 ,%e dem&s he>ts pure & dis5gag$2 nay1 %e h]self purifies & dis5gages !m f worldly int]e/s1 incompatible ) ! tru?s ( ! ,gospel4 ,reflect s]i\sly on ?is1 fa!r2 & take c>e t ,god does n remove ?is c&le/ick f its place1 leav+ y 9 d>kness1 & )\t ! cr[n1 z a puni%m5t = ! coldness :i* y manife/ to a cause s important to 8 ,*ur*40#aje ,he might h gone on 9 ?is /ra9 mu* long]1 = he 0 k9dl+ z he advanc$1 b ,i int]rupt$ him by ris+ to take my leave1 & said3 8,inde$1 my de> fa!r1 _h ,i any influ5ce 9 ,france1 ,i %\ld h x proclaim$1 by s\nd ( trumpet3 #8,,be ,,x ,,kn[n ,,to ,,all ,,m51 t :5 ! ,jacob9s ,,say t suffici5t grace is giv5 to all1 !y ,,mean t all h n ! grace :i* actually suffices6' ,aft] :i*1 y might say x z (t5 z y please1 b n o!rwise40 ,& ?us end$ our visit4 ,y w p]ceive1 !re=e1 t we h "h a politic suffici5cy some:at simil> to proximate p[]4 ,mean:ile ,i may tell y1 t x appe>s to me t bo? ! proximate p[] & ?is same suffici5t grace may be safely d\bt$ by anybody1 provid$ he is n a ,jacob94#ajf ,i h j come to le>n1 :5 clos+ my lett]1 t ! c5sure#ajg has pass$4 ,b z ,i d n yet "k 9 :at t]ms x is word$1 & z x w n be publi%$ till ! #ae? ( ,febru>y1 ,i %all delay writ+ y ab\t x till ! next po/4--,i am1 c4 ----- ,footnote #ig3 ,! ,dom9icans4 ,footnote #ih3 ,et la suite f]a voir que ces d]ni]s ne sont pas les plus dupes4 ,?is clause1 :i* appe>s 9 ! la/ ,p>is edition1 is want+ 9 ! ord9>y editions4 ,! foll[+ s5t5ce seems to require x4 ,footnote #ii3 ,il op9e du bonnet comme un mo9e en ,sorbonne--lit]ally1 8,he votes ) 8 cap l a monk 9 ! ,sorbonne0--allud+ to ! cu/om 9 t place ( tak+ (f ! cap :5 a memb] 0 n dispos$ to speak1 or 9 tok5 ( agreem5t ) ! re/4 ,! half-h\r s&-glass 0 a trick ( ! ,jesuits1 or ,mol9i/ p>ty1 to prev5t _! oppon5ts f ent]+ closely into ! m]its ( ! controv]sy1 :i* requir$ frequ5t ref]5ces to ! fa!rs4 7,nicole1 i4 #ahd47 ,footnote #ajj3 8,x is c]ta910 says ,bayle1 8t ! obligation :i* ! ,romi% ,*ur* is "u to respect ! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,augu/9e on ! subject ( grace1 9 consequ5ce ( its hav+ receiv$ ! sanction ( ,popes & ,c\ncils at v>i\s times1 plac$ x 9 a v awkw>d & ridicul\s situation4 ,x is s obvi\s to e man :o exam9es ! matt] )\t prejudice1 & ) ! necess>y means ( in=mation1 t ! doctr9e ( ,augu/9e & t ( ,jans5ius are "o & ! same1 t x is impossible to see1 )\t feel+s ( indignation1 ! ,c\rt ( ,rome boa/+ ( hav+ condemn$ ,jans5ius1 & nev]!less pres]v+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e all 8 glory4 ,! two ?+s are utt]ly irreconcilable4 ,:at is m1 ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 by condemn+ ! doctr9e ( ,calv9 on free-w1 has1 by necessity1 condemn$ t ( ,/4 ,augu/9e2 = !re is no ,calv9i/ :o has d5i$1 or :o c d5y1 ! conc\rse ( ! human w & ! lib]ty ( ! s\l1 9 ! s5se :i* ,/4 ,augu/9e gives to ! words conc\rse1 co-op]ation1 & lib]ty4 ,!re is no ,calv9i/ :o does n ackn[l$ge ! fre$om ( ! w1 & its use 9 conv]sion1 if t ^w is und]/ood accord+ to ! ideas ( ,/4 ,augu/9e4 ,^? :om ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t condemns d n reject free-w1 except z signify+ ! lib]ty ( indiff]5ce4 ,! ,?omi/s1 also1 reject x "u ?is notion1 & yet !y pass = v good ,ca?olics40 7,bayle's ,dict41 art4 ,augu/9e47 ,footnote #aja3 ,x is a s+ul> fact t ! ,roman ,*ur*1 :i* boa/s s mu* ( h] unity1 & is ev] *>g+ ! ,re=m$ ) be+ ,calv9i/s1 ,lu!rans1 c41 is1 9 reality1 divid$ into num]\s conflict+ sects1 ea* sworn to uphold ! peculi> s5tim5ts ( its f\nd]4 ,if !re is "o pr9ciple m ess5tial ?an ano!r to ! ,re=mation1 x is t ( entire indep5d5ce ( all ma/]s 9 ! fai?3 8,nullius addictus jur>e 9 v]ba magi/ri40 ,footnote #ajb3 8,! fam\s ,/4 ,b]n>d1 abbot ( ,clairval1 ^: influ5ce ?r\gh\t all ,europe 0 incr$ible--^: ^w 0 a law1 & ^: c\nsels 7 reg>d$ by k+s & pr9ces z s _m ord]s to :i* ! mo/ respectful ob$i5ce 0 due2 ?is em95t ecclesia/ic 0 ! p]son :o contribut$ mo/ to enri* & aggr&ize ! ,ci/]cian ord]40 7,mo%4 ,eccl4 ,hi/41 c5t4 xii47 ,footnote #ajc3 ,?omas ,aqu9as1 a s*ola/ic div9e ( ! ?irte5? c5tury1 :o 0 t]m$ ! ,angelic ,doctor4 ,footnote #ajd3 ,augu/9e4 ,footnote #aje3 ,:o c help regrett+ t s5tim5ts s evangelical1 s truly noble1 & s eloqu5tly express$1 %\ld h be5 held by ,pascal 9 connection ) a ,*ur* :i* d5\nc$ him z a h]etic = uphold+ !m6 ,footnote #ajf3 ,an ironical reflection on ! c[>dly compromise ( ! ,jacob9s1 or ,dom9icans1 = hav+ pl$g$ !mselves to ! use ( ! t]m 8suffici5t10 9 ord] to please ! ,jesuits4 ,footnote #ajg3 ,! c5sure ( ! ,!ological ,faculty ( ! ,sorbonne pass$ aga9/ ,m4 ,arnauld1 & :i* is fully discuss$ 9 ,lett] iii4 ,,reply ,,( ,,! 8,,prov9cial0 ,,to ,,! ,,fir/ ,,two ,,lett]s ,,( ,,8 ,,fri5d4 ,febru>y #b1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,y\r two lett]s h n be5 conf9$ to me4 ,ev]ybody has se5 !m1 ev]ybody und]/&s !m1 & ev]ybody believes !m4 ,!y are n only 9 high repute among !ologians--!y h prov$ agreeable to m5 ( ! _w1 & intelligible ev5 to ! ladies4 ,9 a communication :i* ,i lately receiv$ f "o ( ! g5tlem5 ( ! ,academy--"o ( ! mo/ illu/ri\s names 9 a society ( m5 :o are all illu/ri\s--:o _h se5 only y\r fir/ lett]1 he writes me z foll[s3 8,i only wi% t ! ,sorbonne1 :i* owes s mu* to ! memory ( ! late c>d9al1#ajh w\ld ackn[l$ge ! jurisdiction ( 8 ,fr5* ,academy4 ,! au?or ( ! lett] w\ld be satisfi$2 =1 9 ! capacity ( an academician1 ,i w\ld au?oritatively condemn1 ,i w\ld bani%1 ,i w\ld proscribe--,i _h almo/ said ext]m9ate--to ! ext5t ( my p[]1 ?is proximate p[]1 :i* makes s mu* noise ab\t no?+1 & )\t kn[+ :at x w\ld h4 ,! mis=tune is1 t our academic #8p[]' is a v limit$ & remote p[]4 ,i am sorry = x2 & /ill m sorry t my small p[] _c dis*>ge me f my obligations to y10 c4 ,my next extract is f ! p5 ( a lady1 :om ,i %all n indicate 9 any way :atev]4 ,%e writes ?us to a female fri5d :o _h transmitt$ to h] ! fir/ ( y\r lett]s3 8,y c h no idea h[ mu* ,i am oblig$ to y = ! lett] y s5t me--x is s v +5i\s1 & s nicely writt54 ,x n>rates1 & yet x is n a n>rative2 x cle>s up ! mo/ intricate & involv$ ( all possible matt]s2 its raill]y is exquisite2 x enlight5s ^? :o "k little ab\t ! subject1 & imp>ts d\ble delight to ^? :o und]/& x4 ,x is an admirable apology2 &1 if !y w\ld s take x1 a delicate & innoc5t c5sure4 ,9 %ort1 t lett] displays s mu* art1 s mu* _s1 & s mu* judgm5t1 t ,i burn ) curiosity to "k :o wrote x10 c4 ,y too1 p]haps1 w\ld l to "k :o ! lady is t writes 9 ?is /yle2 b y mu/ be cont5t to e/eem )\t kn[+ h]2 :5 y come to "k h]1 y\r e/eem w be greatly enhanc$4 ,take my ^w = x1 !n1 & cont9ue y\r lett]s2 & let ! c5sure come :5 x may1 we are q prep>$ = receiv+ x4 ,^! words1 8proximate p[]10 & 8suffici5t grace10 ) :i* we are ?reat5$1 w fright5 u no long]4 ,we h le>n$ f ! ,jesuits1 ! ,jacob9s1 & ,m4 le ,mo9e1 9 h[ _m diff]5t ways !y may be turn$1 & h[ little solidity !re is 9 ^! new-fangl$ t]ms1 to give ourselves any tr\ble ab\t !m4--,mean:ile1 ,i rema91 c4 ----- ,footnote #ajh3 ,! ,c>d9al de ,ri*elieu1 ! celebrat$ f\nd] ( ! ,fr5* ,academy4 ,! ,sorbonne ow$ its magnific5ce to ! lib]ality ( ?is em95t /atesman1 :o rebuilt its h\se1 enl>g$ its rev5ues1 enri*$ its libr>y1 & took x "u 8 special patronage4 ,,lett] ,,iii4 ,,inju/ice1 ,,absurdity1 ,,& ,,nullity ,,( ,,! ,,c5sure ,,on ,m4 ,,arnauld4 ,,p>is1 ,febru>y #i1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,i h j receiv$ y\r lett]2 &1 at ! same "t1 !re 0 br\ght me a copy ( ! c5sure 9 manuscript4 ,i f9d t ,i am z well treat$ 9 ! =m]1 z ,m4 ,arnauld is ill-treat$ 9 ! latt]4 ,i am afraid !re is "s extravagance 9 bo? cases1 & t nei!r ( u is suffici5tly well kn[n by our judges4 ,sure ,i am1 t 7 we bett] kn[n1 ,m4 ,arnauld w\ld m]it ! approval ( ! ,sorbonne1 & ,i ! c5sure ( ! ,academy4 ,?us our int]e/s are q at v>iance ) ea* o!r4 ,x is 8 int]e/ to make himself kn[n1 to v9dicate 8 innoc5ce2 :]eas x is m9e to rema9 9 ! d>k1 = fe> ( =feit+ my reputation4 ,prev5t$1 !re=e1 f %[+ my face1 ,i mu/ devolve on y ! task ( mak+ my ackn[l$gm5ts to my illu/ri\s admir]s1 :ile ,i und]take t ( furni%+ y ) ! news ( ! c5sure4 ,i assure y1 sir1 x has fill$ me ) a/oni%m5t4 ,i expect$ to f9d x condemn+ ! mo/ %ock+ h]esy 9 ! _w1 b y\r wond] w equal m9e1 :5 in=m$ t ^! al>m+ prep>ations1 :5 on ! po9t ( produc+ ! gr& effect anticipat$1 h all end$ 9 smoke4 ,to und]/& ! :ole affair 9 a pleasant way1 only recollect1 ,i besee* y1 ! /range impressions :i*1 = a long "t pa/1 we h be5 taught to =m ( ! ,jans5i/s4 ,recall to m9d ! cabals1 ! factions1 ! errors1 ! s*isms1 ! outrages1 ) :i* !y h be5 s long *>g$2 ! mann] 9 :i* !y h be5 d5\nc$ & vilifi$ f ! pulpit & ! press2 & ! degree to :i* ?is torr5t ( abuse1 s rem>kable = its viol5ce & duration1 has swoll5 ( late ye>s1 :5 !y h be5 op5ly & publicly accus$ ( be+ n only h]etics & s*ismatics1 b apo/ates & infidels--) 8d5y+ ! my/]y ( transub/antiation1 & r5\nc+ ,jesus ,*ri/ & ! ,gospel40#aji ,aft] hav+ publi%$ ^! />tl+#aaj accusations1 x 0 resolv$ to exam9e _! writ+s1 9 ord] to pron\nce judgm5t on !m4 ,= ?is purpose ! second lett] ( ,m4 ,arnauld1 :i* 0 report$ to be full ( ! greate/ errors1#aaa is select$4 ,! exam9]s appo9t$ are 8 mo/ op5 & av[$ enemies4 ,!y employ all _! le>n+ to discov] some?+ t !y might lay hold ^u1 & at l5g? !y produce "o proposition ( a doctr9al "*1 :i* !y exhibit = c5sure4 ,:at else c\ld any "o inf] f su* proce$+s1 ?an t ?is proposition1 select$ "u su* rem>kable circum/ances1 w\ld conta9 ! ess5ce ( ! blacke/ h]esies imag9able4 ,& yet ! proposition s entirely agrees ) :at is cle>ly & =mally express$ 9 ! passages f ! fa!rs quot$ by ,m4 ,arnauld1 t ,i h n met ) a s+le individual :o c\ld compreh5d ! diff]5ce betwe5 !m4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 x might be imag9$ t !re 0 a v great diff]5ce2 = ! passages f ! fa!rs be+ unque/ionably ca?olic1 ! proposition ( ,m4 ,arnauld1 if h]etical1 mu/ be widely oppos$#aab to !m4 ,su* 0 ! difficulty :i* ! ,sorbonne 0 expect$ to cle> up4 ,all ,*ri/5dom wait$1 ) wide-op5$ eyes1 to discov]1 9 ! c5sure ( ^! le>n$ doctors1 ! po9t ( diff]5ce :i* _h prov$ imp]ceptible to ord9>y mortals4 ,mean:ile ,m4 ,arnauld gave 9 8 def5ces1 plac+ 8 own proposition & ! passages ( ! fa!rs f :i* he _h drawn x 9 p>allel columns1 s z to make ! agreem5t betwe5 !m app>5t to ! mo/ obtuse und]/&+s4 ,he %[s1 = example1 t ,/4 ,augu/9e says 9 "o passage1 t 8,jesus ,*ri/ po9ts out to u1 9 ! p]son ( ,/4 ,pet]1 a righte\s man w>n+ u by 8 fall to avoid presumption40 ,he cites ano!r passage f ! same fa!r1 9 :i* he says1 8t ,god1 9 ord] to %[ u t )\t grace we c d no?+1 left ,/4 ,pet] )\t grace40 ,he produces a ?ird1 f ,/4 ,*ryso/om1 :o says1 8t ! fall ( ,/4 ,pet] happ5$1 n ?r\gh any coldness t[>ds ,jesus ,*ri/1 b because grace fail$ him2 & t he fell1 n s mu* ?r\gh 8 own neglig5ce z ?r\gh ! )drawm5t ( ,god1 z a lesson to ! :ole ,*ur*1 t )\t ,god we c d no?+40 ,he !n gives 8 own accus$ proposition1 :i* is z foll[s3 8,! fa!rs po9t out to u1 9 ! p]son ( ,/4 ,pet]1 a righte\s man to :om t grace )\t :i* we c d no?+1 0 want+40 ,9 va9 did p attempt to discov] h[ x c\ld possibly be1 t ,m4 ,arnauld's expression diff]$ f ^? ( ! fa!rs z mu* z tru? f error1 & fai? f h]esy4 ,= :]e 0 ! diff]5ce to be f\nd8 ,c\ld x be 9 ^! words1 8t ! fa!rs po9t out to u1 9 ! p]son ( ,/4 ,pet]1 a righte\s man80 ,/4 ,augu/9e has said ! same ?+ 9 s _m words4 ,is x because he says 8t grace _h fail$ him80 ,! same ,/4 ,augu/9e1 :o _h said t 8,/4 ,pet] 0 a righte\s man10 says 8t he _h n _h grace on t occasion40 ,is x1 !n1 = 8 hav+ said1 8t )\t grace we c d no?+80 ,:y1 is n ?is j :at ,/4 ,augu/9e says 9 ! same place1 & :at ,/4 ,*ryso/om _h said be=e him1 ) ?is diff]5ce only1 t he expresses x 9 mu* /rong] language1 z :5 he says 8t 8 fall did n happ5 ?r\gh 8 own coldness or neglig5ce1 b ?r\gh ! failure ( grace1 & ! )drawm5t ( ,god80#aac ,su* consid]ations z ^! kept ev]ybody 9 a /ate ( brea?less susp5se1 to le>n 9 :at ?is div]sity c\ld consi/1 :5 at l5g?1 aft] a great _m meet+s1 ?is fam\s & long-look$ = c5sure made its appe>ance4 ,b1 alas6 x has sadly baulk$ our expectation4 ,:e!r x be t ! ,mol9i/ doctors w\ld n condesc5d s f> z to enlight5 u on ! po9t1 or = "s o!r my/]i\s reason1 ! fact is1 !y h done no?+ m ?an pron\nce ^! words3 8,?is proposition is ra%1 impi\s1 blasphem\s1 accurs$1 & h]etical60 ,w\ld y believe x1 sir1 t mo/ p1 f9d+ !mselves deceiv$ 9 _! expectations1 h got into bad humor1 & beg9 to fall f\l ^u ! c5sors !mselves8 ,!y are draw+ /range inf]5ces f _! conduct 9 favor ( ,m4 ,arnauld's innoc5ce4 8,:at60 !y are say+1 8is ?is all t c\ld be a*iev$1 dur+ all ?is "t1 by s _m doctors jo9+ 9 a furi\s attack on "o individual8 ,c !y f9d no?+ 9 all 8 works wor?y ( repreh5sion1 b ?ree l9es1 & ^! extract$1 ^w = ^w1 f ! greate/ doctors ( ! ,greek & ,lat9 ,*ur*es8 ,is !re any au?or :atev] ^: writ+s1 7 x int5d$ to ru9 him1 w\ld n furni% a m speci\s pretext = ! purpose8 ,& :at high] pro( c\ld be furni%$ ( ! or?odoxy ( ?is illu/ri\s accus$8 8,h[ comes x to pass10 !y add1 8t s _m d5unciations are laun*$ 9 ?is c5sure1 into :i* !y h cr[d$ su* t]ms z #8poison1 pe/il5ce1 horror1 ra%ness1 impiety1 blasphemy1 abom9ation1 execration1 ana!ma1 h]esy'--! mo/ dreadful epi!ts t c\ld be us$ aga9/ ,arius1 or ,anti*ri/ himself2 & all to combat an imp]ceptible h]esy1 & t1 moreov]1 )\t tell+ u :at x is8 ,if x be aga9/ ! words ( ! fa!rs t !y inveigh 9 ?is /yle1 :]e is ! fai? & tradition8 ,if aga9/ ,m4 ,arnauld's proposition1 let !m po9t out ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two2 = we c see no?+ b ! mo/ p]fect h>mony betwe5 !m4 ,z soon z we h discov]$ ! evil ( ! proposition1 we %all hold x 9 abhorr5ce2 b s long z we d n see x1 or r see no?+ 9 ! /atem5t b ! s5tim5ts ( ! holy fa!rs1 conceiv$ & express$ 9 _! own t]ms1 h[ c we possibly reg>d x ) any o!r feel+s ?an ^? ( holy v5]ation80 ,su* is a specim5 ( ! way 9 :i* !y are giv+ v5t to _! feel+s4 ,b ^! are by f> too deep-?9k+ p4 ,y & ,i1 :o make no pret5sions to su* extraord9>y p5etration1 may keep ourselves q easy ab\t ! :ole affair4 ,:at6 w\ld we be wis] ?an our ma/]s8 ,no3 let u take example f !m1 & n und]take :at !y h n v5tur$ ^u4 ,we w\ld be sure to get boggl$ 9 su* an attempt4 ,:y x w\ld be ! easie/ ?+ imag9able1 to r5d] ?is c5sure itself h]etical4 ,tru?1 we "k1 is s delicate1 t if we make ! slighte/ deviation f x1 we fall into error2 b ?is alleg$ error is s extremely f9e-spun1 t1 if we div]ge f x 9 ! slighte/ degree1 we fall back ^u ! tru?4 ,!re is positively no?+ betwe5 ?is obnoxi\s proposition & ! tru? b an imp]ceptible po9t4 ,! di/ance betwe5 !m is s impalpable1 t ,i 0 9 t]ror le/1 f pure inability to p]ceive x1 ,i might1 9 my ov]-anxiety to agree ) ! doctors ( ! ,sorbonne1 place myself 9 opposition to ! doctors ( ! ,*ur*4 ,"u ?is appreh5sion1 ,i judg$ x exp$i5t to consult "o ( ^? :o1 ?r\gh policy1 0 neutral on ! fir/ "q1 t f him ,i might le>n ! real /ate ( ! matt]4 ,i h accord+ly _h an int]view ) "o ( ! mo/ intellig5t ( t p>ty1 :om ,i reque/$ to po9t out to me ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! two ?+s1 at ! same "t frankly own+ to him t ,i c\ld see none4 ,he appe>$ to be amus$ at my simplicity1 & repli$1 ) a smile3 8,h[ simple x is 9 y to believe t !re is any diff]5ce6 ,:y1 :]e c\ld x be8 ,d y imag9e t1 if !y c\ld h f\nd out any discrepancy betwe5 ,m4 ,arnauld & ! fa!rs1 !y w\ld n h boldly po9t$ x out1 & be5 delight$ ) ! opportunity ( expos+ x be=e ! public1 9 ^: eyes !y are s anxi\s to depreciate t g5tleman80 ,i c\ld easily p]ceive1 f ^! few words1 t ^? :o _h be5 neutral on ! fir/ "q1 w\ld n all prove s on ! second2 b anxi\s to he> 8 reasons1 ,i ask$3 8,:y1 !n1 h !y attack$ ?is un=tunate proposition80 8,is x possible10 he repli$1 8y c be ignorant ( ^! two ?+s1 :i* ,i ?\ght _h be5 kn[n to ! v]ie/ tyro 9 ^! matt]s8--t1 on ! "o h&1 ,m4 ,arnauld has uni=mly avoid$ advanc+ a s+le t5et :i* is n p[]fully support$ by ! tradition ( ! ,*ur*2 & t1 on ! o!r h&1 8 enemies h det]m9$1 co/ :at x may1 to cut t gr\nd f "u him2 &1 accord+ly1 t z ! writ+s ( ! =m] af=d$ no h&le to ! designs ( ! latt]1 !y h be5 oblig$1 9 ord] to satiate _! rev5ge1 to seize on "s proposition1 x matt]$ n :at1 & to condemn x )\t tell+ :y or :]e=e4 ,d n y "k h[ ! ,jans5i/s keep !m 9 *eck1 & annoy !m s desp]ately1 t !y _c drop ! slighte/ ^w aga9/ ! pr9ciples ( ! fa!rs )\t be+ incont95tly ov]:elm$ ) :ole volumes1 "u ! pressure ( :i* !y are =c$ to succumb8 ,s t1 aft] a great _m pro(s ( _! weakness1 !y h judg$ x m to ! purpose1 & mu* less tr\blesome1 to c5sure ?an to reply--x be+ a mu* easi] matt] ) !m to f9d monks ?an reasons40#aad 8,:y !n10 said ,i1 8if ?is be ! case1 _! c5sure is n wor? a /raw2 = :o w pay any reg>d to x1 :5 !y see x to be )\t f\ndation1 & refut$1 z x no d\bt w be1 by ! answ]s giv5 to x80 8,if y knew ! temp] ( p10 repli$ my fri5d ! doctor1 8y w\ld talk 9 ano!r sort ( way4 ,_! c5sure1 c5surable z x is1 w produce ne>ly all its design$ effect = a "t2 & al?\gh1 by ! =ce ( demon/ration1 x is c]ta9 t1 9 c\rse ( "t1 its invalidity w be made app>5t1 x is equally true t1 at fir/1 x w tell z effectually on ! m9ds ( mo/ p z if x _h be5 ! mo/ righte\s s5t5ce 9 ! _w4 ,let x only be cri$ ab\t ! /reets3 #8,"h y h ! c5sure ( ,m4 ,arnauld6--"h y h ! condemnation ( ! ,jans5i/s6' & ! ,jesuits w f9d _! acc\nt 9 x4 ,h[ few w ev] read x6 ,h[ few ( !m :o d read1 w und]/& x6 ,h[ few w obs]ve t x answ]s no objections6 ,h[ few w take ! matt] to he>t1 or attempt to sift x to ! bottom8--,m>k !n1 h[ mu* advantage ?is gives to ! enemies ( ! ,jans5i/s4 ,!y are sure to make a triumph ( x1 ?\gh a va9 "o1 z usual1 = "s mon?s at lea/--& t is a great matt] = !m--!y w look out aft]w>ds = "s new means ( subsi/5ce4 ,!y live f h& to m\?1 sir4 ,x is 9 ?is way !y h contriv$ to ma9ta9 !mselves d[n to ! pres5t day4 ,sometimes x is by a cate*ism 9 :i* a *ild is made to condemn _! oppon5ts2 !n x is by a procession1 9 :i* suffici5t grace leads ! efficaci\s 9 triumph2 aga9 x is by a com$y1 9 :i* ,jans5ius is repres5t$ z c>ri$ (f by devils2 at ano!r "t x is by an almanac2 & n[ x is by ?is c5sure40#aae 8,9 good soo?10 said ,i1 8,i 0 on ! po9t ( f9d+ fault ) ! conduct ( ! ,mol9i/s2 b aft] :at y h told me1 ,i mu/ say ,i admire _! prud5ce & _! policy4 ,i see p]fectly well t !y c\ld n h foll[$ a saf] or m judici\s c\rse40 8,y are "r10 return$ he2 8_! safe/ policy has always be5 to keep sil5t2 & ?is l$ a c]ta9 le>n$ div9e to rem>k1 #8t ! clev]e/ among !m are ^? :o intrigue mu*1 speak little1 & write no?+4' 8,x is on ?is pr9ciple t1 f ! comm5cem5t ( ! meet+s1 !y prud5tly orda9$ t1 if ,m4 ,arnauld came into ! ,sorbonne1 x mu/ be simply to expla9 :at he believ$1 & n to ent] ! li/s ( controv]sy ) any "o4 ,! exam9]s hav+ v5tur$ to dep>t a little f ?is prud5t arrangem5t1 suff]$ = _! tem]ity4 ,!y f\nd !mselves r too vigor\sly#aaf refut$ by 8 second apology4 8,on ! same pr9ciple1 !y _h rec\rse to t r>e & v novel device ( ! half-h\r & ! s&-glass4#aag ,by ?is means !y rid !mselves ( ! importunity ( ^? tr\blesome doctors1#aah :o might und]take to refute all _! argum5ts1 to produce books :i* might convict !m ( =g]y1 to insi/ on a reply1 & r$uce !m to ! pr$icam5t ( hav+ none to give4 8,x is n t !y 7 s bl9d z n to see t ?is encroa*m5t on lib]ty1 :i* has induc$ s _m doctors to )draw f ! meet+s1 w\ld d no good to _! c5sure2 & t ! prote/ ( nullity1 tak5 on ?is gr\nd by ,m4 ,arnauld be=e x 0 conclud$1 w\ld be a bad preamble = secur+ x a favorable reception4 ,!y "k v well t unprejudic$ p]sons place fully z mu* weight on ! judgm5t ( sev5ty doctors1 :o _h no?+ to ga9 by def5d+ ,m4 ,arnauld1 z on t ( a hundr$ o!rs :o _h no?+ to lose by condemn+ him4 ,b1 ^u ! :ole1 !y consid]$ t x w\ld be ( va/ importance to h a c5sure1 al?\gh x %\ld be ! act ( a p>ty only 9 ! ,sorbonne1 & n ( ! :ole body2 al?\gh x %\ld be c>ri$ ) little or no fre$om ( debate1 & obta9$ by a great _m small manuvres n exactly accord+ to ord]2 al?\gh x %\ld give no explanation ( ! matt] 9 dispute2 al?\gh x %\ld n po9t out 9 :at ?is h]esy consi/s1 & %\ld say z little z possible ab\t x1 = fe> ( committ+ a mi/ake4 ,?is v sil5ce is a my/]y 9 ! eyes ( ! simple2 & ! c5sure w reap ?is s+ul> advantage f x1 t !y may defy ! mo/ critical & subtle !ologians to f9d 9 x a s+le weak argum5t4 8,keep y\rself easy1 !n1 & d n be afraid ( be+ set d[n z a h]etic1 ?\gh y %\ld make use ( ! condemn$ proposition4 ,x is bad1 ,i assure y1 only z occurr+ 9 ! second lett] ( ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,if y w n believe ?is /atem5t on my ^w1 ,i ref] y to ,m4 le ,mo9e1 ! mo/ zeal\s ( ! exam9]s1 :o1 9 ! c\rse ( conv]sation ) a doctor ( my acqua9tance ?is v morn+1 on be+ ask$ by him :]e lay ! po9t ( diff]5ce 9 dispute1 & if "o w\ld no long] be all[$ to say :at ! fa!rs _h said be=e him1 made ! foll[+ exquisite reply3 #8,?is proposition w\ld be or?odox 9 ! m\? ( any o!r--x is only z com+ f ,m4 ,arnauld t ! ,sorbonne h condemn$ x6' ,y mu/ n[ be prep>$ to admire ! ma*9]y ( ,mol9ism1 :i* c produce su* prodigi\s ov]turn+s 9 ! ,*ur*--t :at is ca?olic 9 ! fa!rs becomes h]etical 9 ,m4 ,arnauld--t :at is h]etical 9 ! ,semi-,pelagians becomes or?odox 9 ! writ+s ( ! ,jesuits2 ! anci5t doctr9e ( ,/4 ,augu/9e becomes an intol]able innovation1 & new inv5tions1 daily fabricat$ be=e our eyes1 pass = ! anci5t fai? ( ! ,*ur*40 ,s say+1 he took 8 leave ( me4 ,?is in=mation has satisfi$ my purpose4 ,i ga!r f x t ?is same h]esy is "o ( an entirely new species4 ,x is n ! s5tim5ts ( ,m4 ,arnauld t are h]etical2 x is only 8 p]son4 ,?is is a p]sonal h]esy4 ,he is n a h]etic = any?+ he has said or writt51 b simply because he is ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,?is is all !y h to say aga9/ him4 ,d :at he may1 unless he cease to be1 he w nev] be a good ,ca?olic4 ,! grace ( ,/4 ,augu/9e w nev] be ! true grace1 s long z he cont9ues to def5d x4 ,x w\ld become s at once1 7 he to take x into 8 head to impugn x4 ,t w\ld be a sure /roke1 & almo/ ! only plan = e/abli%+ ! tru? & demoli%+ ,mol9ism2 su* is ! fatality att5d+ all ! op9ions :i* he embraces4 ,let u leave !m1 !n1 to settle _! own diff]5ces4 ,^! are ! disputes ( !ologians1 n ( !ology4 ,we1 :o are no doctors1 h no?+ to d ) _! qu>rels4 ,tell our fri5ds ! news ( ! c5sure1 & love me :ile ,i am1 c4#aai ----- ,footnote #aji3 ,! *>ge ( 8d5y+ ! my/]y ( transub/antiation10 c]ta9ly did n ju/ly apply to ! ,jans5i/s z su*2 ^! religi\s devotees d5i$ no?+4 ,_! sy/em1 s f> z ! dogmas ( ! ,*ur* 7 conc]n$1 0 "o ( implicit fai?2 b ?\gh ,arnauld1 ,nicole1 & ! o!r le>n$ m5 among !m1 /iffly ma9ta9$ ! lead+ t5ets ( ! ,romi% ,*ur*1 9 opposition to ^? ( ! ,re=m]s ! ,jans5i/ cre$1 z held by _! pi\s foll[]s1 0 practically at v>iance ) transub/antiation1 & _m o!r errors ( ! ,*ur* to :i* !y nom9ally belong$4 7,mad4 ,s*immelp5n9ck's ,demolition ( ,port-,royal1 pp4 #gg-hj1 c47 ,footnote #aaj3 ,atroces--8atroci\s40 7,edit4 #afeg47 ,footnote #aaa3 ,des plus dete/ables erreurs--8! mo/ dete/able errors40 7,edit4 #afeg47 ,erreurs--8errors40 7,nicole's ,edit41 #agfg47 ,footnote #aab3 ,horriblem5t contraire--8horribly contr>y40 7,edit4 #afeg47 ,footnote #aac3 ,! mean+ ( ,*ryso/om is good1 b ! expressions ( ^! anci5t fa!rs are (t5 m rem>kable = _! /r5g? ?an _! precision4 ,! ,prote/ant read] h>dly ne$s to be rem9d$1 t if div9e grace c be said to h fail$ ! ,apo/le ,pet] at 8 fall1 x c only be 9 ! s5se ( a tempor>y susp5sion ( its influ5ces2 & t ?is )drawm5t ( grace mu/ be reg>d$ z ! puni%m5t1 & n z ! cause1 ( 8 own neglig5ce4 ,footnote #aad3 ,t is1 !y c\ld m readily procure monks to vote aga9/ ,m4 ,arnauld1 ?an argum5ts to answ] him4 ,footnote #aae3 ,! allusions 9 ! text af=d curi\s illu/rations ( ! mode ( w>f>e pursu$ by ! ,jesuits ( ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,! fir/ ref]s to a comic cate*ism1 9 :i* ! simple language ( *ildhood 0 employ$ z a vehicle = ! mo/ calumni\s *>ges aga9/ ! oppon5ts ( ! ,society4 ,pascal ref]s aga9 to ?is cate*ism 9 ,lett] xvii4 ,! second device 0 a sort ( s*ool-boy masqu]ade4 ,a h&some y\?1 disguis$ z a female1 9 spl5did attire1 & be>+ ! inscription ( suffici5t grace1 dragg$ beh9d him ano!r dress$ z a bi%op 7repres5t+ ,jans5ius1 bi%op ( ,ypres71 :o foll[$ ) a rueful visage1 amid/ ! hoot+s ( ! o!r boys4 ,! com$y ref]r$ to 0 act$ 9 ! ,jesuits' college ( ,cl]mont4 ,! almanacs publi%$ 9 ,france at t p]iod be+ usually embelli%$ ) rude cuts = ! amusem5t ( ! vulg>1 ! ,jesuits procur$ ! ins]tion ( a c>icature ( ! ,jans5i/s1 :o 7 repres5t$ z pursu$ by ! pope1 & tak+ refuge among ! ,calv9i/s4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 call$ =? a retaliation1 9 ! %ape ( a poem1 entitl$ 8,! ,pr9ts ( ! ,fam\s ,jesuitical ,almanac10 9 :i* ! ,jesuits 7 s successfully held up to ridicule1 t !y c\ld h>dly %[ face = "s "t 9 ! /reets ( ,p>is4 7,nicole1 i4 p4 #bjh47 ,footnote #aaf3 ,v]tem5t--8sm>tly40 7,edit4 #afeg47 ,footnote #aag3 ,see ,lett] ii4 ,footnote #aah3 ,ces docteurs--8^? doctors40 7,edit4 #agfg47 ,footnote #aai3 ,9 ,nicole's edition1 ?is lett] is sign$ ) ! initials 8,e4 ,a4 ,a4 ,b4 ,p4 ,a4 ,f4 ,d4 ,e4 ,p40 :i* seem m]ely a *ance m$ley ( lett]s1 to quiz ^? :o 7 s anxi\s to discov] ! au?or4 ,!re may h be5 an allusion to ! absurd /ory ( a ,jans5i/ conf]5ce held1 x 0 said1 at ,b\rg-,fonta9e1 9 #afba1 to delib]ate on ways & means = aboli%+ ,*ri/ianity2 among ! p]sons pres5t at :i*1 indicat$ by initials1 ,an?ony ,arnauld 0 ridicul\sly accus$ ( hav+ be5 "o "u ! initials ,a4 ,a4 7,see ,bayle's ,dict41 art4 ,ant4 ,arnauld47 ,,lett] ,,iv4 ,,on ,,actual ,,grace ,,& ,,s9s ,,( ,,ignorance4 ,,p>is1 ,febru>y #be1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,no?+ c come up to ! ,jesuits4 ,i h se5 ,jacob9s1 doctors1 & all sorts ( p 9 my day1 b su* an int]view z ,i h j _h 0 want+ to complete my k ( mank9d4 ,o!r m5 are m]ely copies ( !m4 ,z ?+s are always f\nd be/ at ! f\nta9head1 ,i paid a visit to "o ( ! able/ among !m1 9 company ) my tru/y ,jans5i/--! same :o accompani$ me to ! ,dom9icans4 ,be+ p>ticul>ly anxi\s to le>n some?+ ( a dispute :i* !y h ) ! ,jans5i/s ab\t :at !y call actual grace1 ,i said to ! wor?y fa!r t ,i w\ld be mu* oblig$ to him if he w\ld in/ruct me on ?is po9t--t ,i did n ev5 "k :at ! t]m meant1 & w\ld ?ank him to expla9 x4 8,) all my he>t10 ! ,jesuit repli$2 8= ,i de>ly love inquisitive p4 ,actual grace1 accord+ to our def9ition1 #8is an inspiration ( ,god1 :]eby he makes u to "k 8 w1 & excites )9 u a desire to p]=m x4'0 8,& :]e10 said ,i1 8lies y\r diff]5ce ) ! ,jans5i/s on ?is subject80 8,! diff]5ce lies "h10 he repli$2 8we hold t ,god be/[s actual grace on all m5 9 e case ( temptation2 = we ma9ta91 t unless a p]son h1 :5ev] tempt$1 actual grace to keep him f s9n+1 8 s91 :atev] x may be1 c nev] be imput$ to him4 ,! ,jans5i/s1 on ! o!r h&1 affirm t s9s1 ?\gh committ$ )\t actual grace1 are1 nev]!less1 imput$2 b !y are a pack ( fools40 ,i got a glimpse ( 8 mean+2 b1 to obta9 f him a full] explanation1 ,i obs]v$3 8,my de> fa!r1 x is t phrase actual grace t puzzles me2 ,i am q a /rang] to x1 & if y w\ld h ! goodness to tell me ! same ?+ ov] aga91 )\t employ+ t t]m1 y w\ld inf9itely oblige me40 8,v good10 return$ ! fa!r2 8t is to say1 y want me to sub/itute ! def9ition 9 place ( ! ?+ def9$2 t makes no alt]ation on ! s5se2 ,i h no objections4 ,we ma9ta9 x1 !n1 z an und5iable pr9ciple1 t an action _c be imput$ z a s91 unless ,god be/[ on u1 be=e committ+ x1 ! k ( ! evil t is 9 ! action1 & an inspiration incit+ u to avoid x4 ,d y und]/& me n[80 ,a/oni%$ at su* a decl>ation1 accord+ to :i*1 no s9s ( surprise1 nor any ( ^? committ$ 9 entire =getfulness ( ,god1 c\ld be imput$1 ,i turn$ r\nd to my fri5d ! ,jans5i/1 & easily discov]$ f 8 looks t he 0 ( a diff]5t way ( ?9k+4 ,b z he did n utt] a ^w1 ,i said to ! monk1 8,i w\ld fa9 wi%1 my de> fa!r1 to ?9k t :at y h n[ said is true1 & t y h good pro(s = x40 8,pro(s1 say y60 he in/antly exclaim$3 8,i %all furni% y ) ^! v soon1 & ! v be/ sort too2 let me alone = t40 ,s say+1 he w5t 9 se>* ( 8 books1 & ,i took ?is opportunity ( ask+ my fri5d if !re 0 any o!r p]son :o talk$ 9 ?is mann]8 8,is ?is s /range to y80 he repli$4 8,y may dep5d ^u x t nei!r ! fa!rs1 nor ! popes1 nor c\ncils1 nor ,scripture1 nor any book ( devotion1 employ su* language2 b if y wi% casui/s & mod]n s*oolm51 he w br+ y a goodly numb] ( !m on 8 side40 8,o6 b ,i c>e n a fig ab\t ^! au?ors1 if !y are contr>y to tradition10 ,i said4 8,y are "r10 he repli$4 ,z he spoke1 ! good fa!r ent]$ ! room1 lad5 ) books2 & pres5t+ to me ! fir/ t came to h&1 8,read t10 he said2 8?is is #8,! ,summ>y ( ,s9s1' by ,fa!r ,bauny#abj--! fif? edition too1 y see1 :i* %[s t x is a good book40 8,x is a pity1 h[ev]10 :isp]$ ! ,jans5i/ 9 my e>1 8t ?is same book has be5 condemn$ at ,rome1 & by ! bi%ops ( ,france40 8,look at page #ijf10 said ! fa!r4 ,i did s1 & read z foll[s3 8,9 ord] to s9 & become culpable 9 ! sight ( ,god1 x is necess>y to "k t ! ?+ we wi% to d is n good1 or at lea/ to d\bt t x is--to fe> or to judge t ,god takes no pleasure 9 ! action :i* we contemplate1 b =bids x2 & 9 spite ( ?is1 to commit ! de$1 leap ! f5ce1 & transgress40 8,?is is a good comm5cem5t10 ,i rem>k$4 8,& yet10 said he1 8m>k h[ f> envy w c>ry "s p4 ,x 0 on t v passage t ,m4 ,halli]1 be=e he became "o ( our fri5ds1 bant]$ ,fa!r ,bauny1 by apply+ to him ^! words3 ,ecce qui tollit peccata mundi--#8,behold ! man t take? away ! s9s ( ! _w6'0 8,c]ta9ly10 said ,i1 8accord+ to ,fa!r ,bauny1 we may be said to behold a r$emption ( an entirely new description40 8,w\ld y h a m au!ntic witness on ! po9t80 add$ he4 8,"h is ! book ( ,fa!r ,annat4#aba ,x is ! la/ t he wrote aga9/ ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,turn up to page #cd1 :]e !re is a dog's e>1 & read ! l9es :i* ,i h m>k$ ) p5cil--!y ought to be writt5 9 lett]s ( gold40 ,i !n read ^! words3 8,he t has no ?\ght ( ,god1 nor ( 8 s9s1 nor any appreh5sion 7t is1 z he expla9$ x1 any k7 ( 8 obligation to ex]cise ! acts ( love to ,god or contrition1 has no actual grace = ex]cis+ ^? acts2 b x is equally true t he is guilty ( no s9 9 omitt+ !m1 & t1 if he is damn$1 x w n be z a puni%m5t = t omission40 ,& a few l9es bel[1 he adds3 8,! same ?+ may be said ( a culpable commission40 8,y see10 said ! monk1 8h[ he speaks ( s9s ( omission & ( commission4 ,no?+ escapes him4 ,:at say y to t80 8,say60 ,i exclaim$4 8,i am delight$6 ,:at a *>m+ tra9 ( consequ5ces d ,i discov] fl[+ f ?is doctr9e6 ,i c see ! :ole results already2 & su* my/]ies pres5t !mselves be=e me6 ,:y1 ,i see m p1 beyond all comp>ison1 ju/ifi$ by ?is ignorance & =getfulness ( ,god1 ?an by grace & ! sacram5ts6#abb ,b1 my de> fa!r1 are y n inspir+ me ) a delusive joy8 ,are y sure !re is no?+ "h l t suffici5cy :i* suffices n8 ,i am t]ribly afraid ( ! ,di/+uo2--,i 0 tak5 9 ) t once already6 ,are y q 9 e>ne/80 8,h[ n[60 cri$ ! monk1 beg9n+ to get angry2 8"h is no matt] = je/+4 ,i assure y !re is no su* ?+ z equivocation "h40 8,i am n mak+ a je/ ( x10 said ,i2 8b t is :at ,i really dread1 f pure anxiety to f9d x true40#abc 8,well !n10 he said1 8to assure y\rself /ill m ( x1 "h are ! writ+s ( ,m4 le ,mo9e1#abd :o taught ! doctr9e 9 a full meet+ ( ! ,sorbonne4 ,he le>n$ x f u1 to be sure2 b he has ! m]it ( hav+ cle>$ x up mo/ admirably4 ,o h[ circum/antially he goes to "w6 ,he %[s t1 9 ord] to make out an action to be a s91 all ^! ?+s mu/ h pass$ ?r\gh ! m9d4 ,read1 & weigh e ^w40--,i !n read :at ,i n[ give y 9 a translation f ! orig9al ,lat93 8#a4 ,on ! "o h&1 ,god %$s abroad on ! s\l "s measure ( love1 :i* gives x a bias t[>d ! ?+ comm&$2 & on ! o!r1 a rebelli\s concupisc5ce solicits x 9 ! opposite direction4 #b4 ,god inspires ! s\l ) a k ( its own weakness4 #c4 ,god reveals ! k ( ! physician :o c heal x4 #d4 ,god inspires x ) a desire to be heal$4 #e4 ,god inspires a desire to pray & solicit 8 assi/ance40 8,& unless all ^! ?+s occur & pass ?r\gh ! s\l10 add$ ! monk1 8! action is n prop]ly a s91 & _c be imput$1 z ,m4 le ,mo9e %[s 9 ! same place & 9 :at foll[s4 ,w\ld y wi% to h o!r au?orities = ?is8 ,"h !y are40 8,all mod]n ones1 h[ev]10 :isp]$ my ,jans5i/ fri5d4 8,s ,i p]ceive10 said ,i to him aside2 & !n1 turn+ to ! monk3 8,o my de> sir10 cri$ ,i1 8:at a bless+ ?is w be to "s p]sons ( my acqua9tance6 ,i mu/ positively introduce !m to y4 ,y h nev]1 p]haps1 met ) p :o _h few] s9s to acc\nt = all y\r life4 ,=1 9 ! fir/ place1 !y nev] ?9k ( ,god at all2 _! vices h got ! bett] ( _! reason2 !y h nev] kn[n ei!r _! weakness or ! physician :o c cure x2 !y h nev] ?\ght ( #8desir+ ! heal? ( _! s\l1' & /ill less ( #8pray+ to ,god to be/[ x2' s t1 accord+ to ,m4 le ,mo9e1 !y are /ill 9 ! /ate ( baptismal innoc5ce4 ,!y h #8nev] _h a ?\ght ( lov+ ,god or ( be+ contrite = _! s9s2' s t1 accord+ to ,fa!r ,annat1 !y h nev] committ$ s9 ?r\gh ! want ( *>ity & p5it5ce4 ,_! life is sp5t 9 a p]petual r\nd ( all sorts ( pleasures1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* !y h n be5 int]rupt$ by ! slighte/ remorse4 ,^! excesses _h l$ me to imag9e t _! p]dition 0 inevitable2 b y1 fa!r1 in=m me t ^! same excesses secure _! salvation4 ,bless+s on y1 my good fa!r1 = ?is way ( ju/ify+ p6 ,o!rs prescribe pa9ful au/]ities = heal+ ! s\l2 b y %[ t s\ls :i* may be ?\ght desp]ately di/emp]$ are 9 q good heal?4 ,:at an excell5t device = be+ happy bo? 9 ?is _w & 9 ! next6 ,i _h always suppos$ t ! less a man ?\ght ( ,god1 ! m he s9n$2 b1 f :at ,i see n[1 if "o c\ld only succe$ 9 br++ himself n to ?9k ^u ,god at all1 ev]y?+ w\ld be pure ) him 9 all "t com+4 ,away ) y\r half-&-half s9n]s1 :o reta9 "s sneak+ affection = virtue6 ,!y w be damn$ e "o ( !m1 ^! semi-s9n]s4 ,b comm5d me to y\r arrant s9n]s--h>d5$1 unalloy$1 out-&-out1 ?or\gh-br$ s9n]s4 ,hell is no place = !m2 !y h *eat$ ! devil1 purely by virtue ( _! devotion to 8 s]vice60 ,! good fa!r1 :o saw v well ! connection betwe5 ^! consequ5ces & 8 pr9ciple1 dext]\sly evad$ !m2 & ma9ta9+ 8 temp]1 ei!r f good nature or policy1 he m]ely repli$3 8,to let y und]/& h[ we avoid ^! inconv5i5ces1 y mu/ "k t1 :ile we affirm t ^! reprobates to :om y ref] w\ld be )\t s9 if !y _h no ?\ghts ( conv]sion & no desires to devote !mselves to ,god1 we ma9ta91 t !y all actually h su* ?\ghts & desires1 & t ,god nev] p]mitt$ a man to s9 )\t giv+ him previ\sly a view ( ! evil :i* he contemplat$1 & a desire1 ei!r to avoid ! (f5ce1 or at all ev5ts to implore 8 aid to enable him to avoid x2 & none b ,jans5i/s w ass]t ! contr>y40 8,/range6 fa!r10 return$ ,i2 8is ?is1 !n1 ! h]esy ( ! ,jans5i/s1 to d5y t e "t a man commits a s91 he is tr\bl$ ) a remorse ( consci5ce1 9 spite ( :i*1 he #8leaps ! f5ce & transgresses1' z ,fa!r ,bauny has x8 ,x is r too good a joke to be made a h]etic = t4 ,i c easily believe t a man may be damn$ = n hav+ good ?\ghts2 b x nev] w\ld h ent]$ my head to imag9e t any man c\ld be subject$ to t doom = n believ+ t all mank9d mu/ h good ?\ghts6 ,b1 fa!r1 ,i hold myself b\nd 9 consci5ce to disabuse y1 & to in=m y t !re are ?\s&s ( p :o h no su* desires--:o s9 )\t regret--:o s9 ) delight--:o make a boa/ ( s9n+4 ,& :o ought to "k bett] ab\t ^! ?+s ?an y\rself8 ,y _c h fail$ to h confess$ "s ( ^? to :om ,i allude2 = x is among p]sons ( high rank t !y are mo/ g5]ally to be met )4#abe ,b m>k1 fa!r1 ! dang]\s consequ5ces ( y\r maxim4 ,d y n p]ceive :at effect x may h on ^? lib]t9es :o l no?+ bett] ?an to f9d out matt] ( d\bt 9 religion8 ,:at a h&le d y give !m1 :5 y assure !m1 z an article ( fai?1 t on e occasion :5 !y commit a s91 !y feel an inw>d pres5tim5t ( ! evil1 & a desire to avoid x8 ,is x n obvi\s t1 feel+ conv9c$ by _! own exp]i5ce ( ! falsity ( y\r doctr9e on ?is po9t1 :i* y say is a matt] ( fai?1 !y w ext5d ! inf]5ce drawn f ?is to all ! o!r po9ts8 ,!y w argue t1 s9ce y are n tru/-wor?y 9 "o article1 y are to be suspect$ 9 !m all2 & ?us y %ut !m up to conclude1 ei!r t religion is false1 or t y mu/ "k v little ab\t x40 ,"h my fri5d ! ,jans5i/1 foll[+ up my rem>ks1 said to him3 8,y w\ld d well1 fa!r1 if y wi% to pres]ve y\r doctr9e1 n to expla9 s precisely z y h done to u1 :at y mean by actual grace4 ,=1 h[ c\ld y1 )\t =feit+ all cr$it 9 ! e/imation ( m51 op5ly decl>e t nobody s9s )\t hav+ previ\sly ! k ( 8 weakness1 & ( a physician1 or ! desire ( a cure1 & ( ask+ x ( ,god8 ,w x be believ$1 on y\r ^w1 t ^? :o are imm]s$ 9 av>ice1 impurity1 blasphemy1 duell+1 rev5ge1 robb]y & sacrilege1 h really a desire to embrace *a/ity1 humility1 & ! o!r ,*ri/ian virtues8 ,c x be conceiv$ t ^? philosoph]s :o boa/$ s l\dly ( ! p[]s ( nature1 knew its infirmity & its physician8 ,w y ma9ta9 t ^? :o held x z a settl$ maxim t #8x is n ,god t be/[s virtue1 & t no "o ev] ask$ x f him1' w\ld ?9k ( ask+ x = !mselves8 ,:o c believe t ! ,epicureans1 :o d5i$ a div9e provid5ce1 ev] felt any incl9ation to pray to ,god8--m5 :o said t #8x w\ld be an insult to invoke ! ,deity 9 our necessities1 z if he 7 capable ( wa/+ a ?\ght on be+s l u8' ,9 a ^w1 h[ c x be imag9$ t idolat]s & ,a!i/s1 e "t !y are tempt$ to ! commission ( s91 9 o!r words1 inf9itely (t5 dur+ _! lives1 h a desire to pray to ! true ,god1 ( :om !y are ignorant1 t he w\ld be/[ on !m virtues ( :i* !y h no conception80 8,yes10 said ! wor?y monk1 9 a resolute tone1 8we w affirm x3 & soon] ?an all[ t any "o s9s )\t hav+ ! consci\sness t he is do+ evil1 & ! desire ( ! opposite virtue1 we w ma9ta9 t ! :ole _w1 reprobates & infidels includ$1 h ^! inspirations & desires 9 e case ( temptation4 ,y _c %[ me1 f ! ,scripture at lea/1 t ?is is n ! tru?40 ,on ?is rem>k ,i /ruck 91 by exclaim+3 8,:at6 fa!r1 mu/ we h rec\rse to ! ,scripture to demon/rate a ?+ s cle> z ?is8 ,?is is n a po9t ( fai?1 nor ev5 ( reason4 ,x is a matt] ( fact3 we see x--we "k x--we feel x40 ,b ! ,jans5i/1 keep+ ! monk to 8 own t]ms1 address$ him z foll[s3 8,if y are will+1 fa!r1 to /& or fall by ,scripture1 ,i am ready to meet y !re2 only y mu/ promise to yield to its au?ority2 & s9ce x is writt5 t #8,god has n reveal$ 8 judgm5ts to ! ,hea!n1 b left !m to w&] 9 _! own ways1' y mu/ n say t ,god has enlight5$ ^? :om ! ,sacr$ ,writ+s assure u #8he has left 9 d>kness & 9 ! %ad[ ( dea?4' ,is x n en\gh to %[ ! errone\sness ( y\r pr9ciple1 to f9d t ,/4 ,paul calls himself #8! *ief ( s9n]s1' = a s9 :i* he committ$ #8ignorantly1 & ) zeal8' ,is x n en\gh to f9d1 f ! ,gospel1 t ^? :o crucifi$ ,jesus ,*ri/ _h ne$ ( ! p>don :i* he ask$ = !m1 al?\gh !y knew n ! malice ( _! action1 & w\ld nev] h committ$ x1 accord+ to ,/4 ,paul1 if !y _h kn[n x8 ,is x n en\gh t ,jesus ,*ri/ apprizes u t !re w be p]secutors ( ! ,*ur*1 :o1 :ile mak+ e ef=t to ru9 h]1 w #8?9k t !y are do+ ,god s]vice2' tea*+ u t ?is s91 :i* 9 ! judgm5t ( ! apo/le1 is ! greate/ ( all s9s1 may be committ$ by p]sons :o1 s f> f kn[+ t !y 7 s9n+1 w\ld ?9k t !y s9n$ by n committ+ x8 ,9 f9e1 is x n en\gh t ,jesus ,*ri/ himself has taught u t !re are two k9ds ( s9n]s1 ! "o ( :om s9 ) #8k ( _! ,ma/]'s w1' & ! o!r )\t k2 & t bo? ( !m w be #8*a/is$1' al?\gh1 inde$1 9 a diff]5t mann]80 ,sorely press$ by s _m te/imonies f ,scripture1 to :i* he _h appeal$1 ! wor?y monk began to give way2 &1 leav+ ! wick$ to s9 )\t inspiration1 he said3 8,y w n d5y t good m51 at lea/1 nev] s9 unless ,god give !m0----8,y are fl9*+10 said ,i1 int]rupt+ him2 8y are fl9*+ n[1 my good fa!r2 y ab&on ! g5]al pr9ciple1 & f9d+ t x w n hold good 9 reg>d to ! wick$1 y w\ld comp\nd ! matt]1 by mak+ x apply at lea/ to ! righte\s4 ,b 9 ?is po9t ( view ! application ( x is1 ,i conceive1 s circumscrib$1 t x w h>dly apply to anybody1 & x is sc>cely wor? :ile to dispute ! po9t40 ,my fri5d1 h[ev]1 :o 0 s ready on ! :ole "q1 t ,i am incl9$ to ?9k he _h /udi$ x all t v morn+1 repli$3 8,?is1 fa!r1 is ! la/ entr5*m5t to :i* ^? ( y\r p>ty :o are will+ to reason at all are sure to retreat2 b y are f> f be+ safe ev5 "h4 ,! example ( ! sa9ts is n a :it m 9 y\r favor4 ,:o d\bts t !y (t5 fall into s9s ( surprise1 )\t be+ consci\s ( !m8 ,d we n le>n f ! sa9ts !mselves h[ (t5 concupisc5ce lays hidd5 sn>es = !m2 & h[ g5]ally x happ5s1 z ,/4 ,augu/9e compla9s ( himself 9 8 ,confessions1 t1 ) all _! discretion1 !y #8give to pleasure :at !y mean only to give to necessity8' 8,h[ usual is x to see ! m zeal\s fri5ds ( tru? betray$ by ! heat ( controv]sy into sallies ( bitt] passion = _! p]sonal int]e/s1 :ile _! consci5ces1 at ! "t1 be> !m no o!r te/imony ?an t !y are act+ 9 ?is mann] purely = ! int]e/s ( tru?1 & !y d n discov] _! mi/ake till long aft]w>ds6 8,:at1 aga91 %all we say ( ^? :o1 z we le>n f examples 9 ecclesia/ical hi/ory1 eag]ly involve !mselves 9 affairs :i* are really bad1 because !y believe !m to be really good2 & yet ?is does n h9d] ! fa!rs f condemn+ su* p]sons z hav+ s9n$ on ^! occasions8 8,& 7 ?is n ! case1 h[ c\ld ! sa9ts h _! secret faults8 ,h[ c\ld x be true t ,god alone kn[s ! magnitude & ! numb] ( our (f5ces2 t no "o kn[s :e!r he is wor?y ( hatr$ or love2 & t ! be/ ( sa9ts1 ?\gh unconsci\s ( any culpability1 ought always1 z ,/4 ,paul says ( himself1 to rema9 9 #8fe> & trembl+8'#abf 8,y p]ceive1 !n1 fa!r1 t ?is k ( ! evil1 & love ( ! opposite virtue1 :i* y imag9e to be ess5tial to con/itute s91 are equally disprov$ by ! examples ( ! righte\s & ( ! wick$4 ,9 ! case ( ! wick$1 _! passion = vice suffici5tly te/ifies t !y h no desire = virtue2 & 9 reg>d to ! righte\s1 ! love :i* !y be> to virtue pla9ly %[s t !y are n always consci\s ( ^? s9s :i*1 z ! ,scripture tea*es1 !y are daily committ+4 8,s true is x1 inde$1 t ! righte\s (t5 s9 ?r\gh ignorance1 t ! greate/ sa9ts r>ely s9 o!rwise4 ,= h[ c x be suppos$ t s\ls s pure1 :o avoid ) s mu* c>e & zeal ! lea/ ?+s t c be displeas+ to ,god z soon z !y discov] !m1 & :o yet s9 _m times e day1 c\ld possibly h1 e "t be=e !y fell into s91 #8! k ( _! infirmity on t occasion1 & ( _! physician1 & ! desire ( _! s\ls' heal?1 & ( pray+ to ,god = assi/ance1' & t1 9 spite ( ^! inspirations1 ^! devot$ s\ls #8nev]!less transgress1' & commit ! s98 8,y mu/ conclude !n1 fa!r1 t nei!r s9n]s nor yet sa9ts h always t k1 or ^? desires & inspirations e "t !y (f5d2 t is1 to use y\r own t]ms1 !y h n always actual grace4 ,say no long]1 ) y\r mod]n au?ors1 t x is impossible = ^? to s9 :o d n "k righte\sness2 b r jo9 ) ,/4 ,augu/9e & ! anci5t fa!rs 9 say+ t x is impossible n to s91 :5 we d n "k righte\sness3 ,necesse e/ ut peccet1 a quo ignoratur ju/itia40 ,! good fa!r1 ?\gh ?us driv5 f bo? ( 8 positions1 did n lose c\rage1 b aft] rum9at+ a little1 8,ha60 he exclaim$1 8,i %all settle y imm$iately40 ,& aga9 tak+ up ,fa!r ,bauny1 he po9t$ to ! same place he _h be=e quot$1 exclaim+3 8,look n[--see ! gr\nd on :i* he e/abli%es 8 op9ion6 ,i 0 sure he w\ld n be defici5t 9 good pro(s4 ,read :at he quotes f ,ari/otle1 & y w see t aft] s express an au?ority1 y mu/ ei!r burn ! books ( ?is pr9ce ( philosoph]s or adopt our op9ion4 ,he>1 !n1 ! pr9ciples :i* support ,fa!r ,bauny3 ,ari/otle /ates fir/1 #8t an action _c be imput$ z blamewor?y1 if x be involunt>y4'0 8,i grant t10 said my fri5d4 8,?is is ! fir/ "t y h agre$ toge!r10 said ,i4 8,take my advice1 fa!r1 & proce$ no fur!r40 8,t w\ld be do+ no?+10 he repli$2 8we mu/ "k :at are ! conditions necess>y to con/itute an action volunt>y40 8,i am mu* afraid10 return$ ,i1 8t y w get at logg]heads on t po9t40 8,no fe> ( t10 said he2 8?is is sure gr\nd--,ari/otle is on my side4 ,he>1 n[1 :at ,fa!r ,bauny says3 #8,9 ord] t an action be volunt>y1 x mu/ proce$ f a man :o p]ceives1 kn[s1 & compreh5ds :at is good & :at is evil 9 x4 ,volunt>ium e/--t is a volunt>y action1 z we commonly say ) ! philosoph]' 7t is ,ari/otle1 y "k1 said ! monk1 squeez+ my h&27 #8quod fit a pr9cipio cognosc5te s+ula 9 quibus e/ actio--:i* is done by a p]son kn[+ ! p>ticul>s ( ! action2 s t :5 ! w is l$ inconsid]ately1 & )\t mature reflection1 to embrace or reject1 to d or omit to d any?+1 be=e ! und]/&+ has be5 able to see :e!r x w\ld be "r or wrong1 su* an action is nei!r good nor evil2 because previ\s to ?is m5tal inquisition1 view1 & reflection on ! good or bad qualities ( ! matt] 9 "q1 ! act by :i* x is done is n volunt>y4' ,are y satisfi$ n[80 said ! fa!r4 8,x appe>s10 return$ ,i1 8t ,ari/otle agrees ) ,fa!r ,bauny2 b t does n prev5t me f feel+ surpris$ at ?is /atem5t4 ,:at1 sir6 is x n en\gh to make an action volunt>y t ! man kn[s :at he is do+1 & does x j because he *ooses to d x8 ,mu/ we suppose1 besides ?is1 t he #8p]ceives1 kn[s1 & compreh5ds :at is good & evil 9 ! action8' ,:y1 on ?is supposition !re w\ld be h>dly su* a ?+ 9 nature z volunt>y actions1 = nobody almo/ ?9ks ab\t all ?is4 ,h[ _m oa?s 9 gambl+--h[ _m excesses 9 debau*]y--h[ _m riot\s extravagances 9 ! c>nival1 mu/1 on ?is pr9ciple1 be exclud$ f ! li/ ( volunt>y actions1 & consequ5tly nei!r good nor bad1 because n accompani$ by ^? #8m5tal reflections on ! good & evil qualities' ( ! action8 ,b is x possible1 fa!r1 t ,ari/otle held su* a s5tim5t8 ,i h always und]/ood t he 0 a s5sible man40 8,i %all soon conv9ce y ( t10 said ! ,jans5i/2 & reque/+ a sight ( ,ari/otle's ,e?ics1 he op5$ x at ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird book1 f :i* ,fa!r ,bauny _h tak5 ! passage quot$1 & said to ! monk3 8,i excuse y1 my de> sir1 = hav+ believ$1 on ! ^w ( ,fa!r ,bauny1 t ,ari/otle held su* a s5tim5t2 b y w\ld h *ang$ y\r m9d _h y read him = y\rself4 ,x is true t he tea*es1 t #89 ord] to make an action volunt>y1 we mu/ "k ! p>ticul>s ( t action'--s+ula 9 quibus e/ actio4 ,b :at else does he mean by t1 ?an ! p>ticul> circum/ances ( ! action8 ,! examples :i* he adduces cle>ly %[ ?is to be 8 mean+1 = !y are exclusively conf9$ to cases 9 :i* ! p]sons 7 ignorant ( "s ( ! circum/ances2 su* z t ( #8a p]son :o1 wi%+ to exhibit a ma*9e1 dis*>ges a d>t :i* w\nds a by/&]2 & t ( ,m]ope1 :o kill$ h] own son in/ead ( h] enemy1' & su* l4 8,?us y see :at is ! k9d ( ignorance t r5d]s actions involunt>y2 namely1 t ( ! p>ticul> circum/ances1 :i* is t]m$ by div9es1 z y mu/ "k1 ignorance ( ! fact4 ,b ) respect to ignorance ( ! "r--ignorance ( ! good or evil 9 an action--:i* is ! only po9t 9 "q1 let u see if ,ari/otle agrees ) ,fa!r ,bauny4 ,"h are ! words ( ! philosoph]3 #8,all wick$ m5 are ignorant ( :at !y ought to d1 & :at !y ought to avoid2 & x is ?is v ignorance :i* makes !m wick$ & vici\s4 ,accord+ly1 a man _c be said to act involunt>ily m]ely because he is ignorant ( :at x is prop] = him to d 9 ord] to fulfil 8 duty4 ,?is ignorance 9 ! *oice ( good & evil does n make ! action involunt>y2 x only makes x vici\s4 ,! same ?+ may be affirm$ ( ! man :o is ignorant g5]ally ( ! rules ( 8 duty2 su* ignorance is wor?y ( blame1 n ( excuse4 ,& consequ5tly1 ! ignorance :i* r5d]s actions involunt>y & excusable is simply t :i* relates to ! fact & its p>ticul> circum/ances4 ,9 ?is case ! p]son is excus$ & =giv51 be+ consid]$ z hav+ act$ contr>y to 8 incl9ation4' 8,aft] ?is1 fa!r1 w y ma9ta9 t ,ari/otle is ( y\r op9ion8 ,& :o c help be+ a/oni%$ to f9d t a ,pagan philosoph] _h m enlight5$ views ?an y\r doctors1 9 a matt] s deeply affect+ morals1 & ! direction ( consci5ce1 too1 z ! k ( ^? conditions :i* r5d] actions volunt>y or involunt>y1 & :i*1 accord+ly1 *>ge or dis*>ge !m z s9ful8 ,look = no m support1 !n1 fa!r1 f ! pr9ce ( philosoph]s1 & no long] oppose y\rselves to ! pr9ce ( !ologians1#abg :o has ?us decid$ ! po9t 9 ! fir/ book ( 8 ,retractations1 *apt] ,,xv43 #8,^? :o s9 ?r\gh ignorance1 ?\gh !y s9 )\t mean+ to s91 commit ! de$ only because !y w commit x4 ,&1 !re=e1 ev5 ?is s9 ( ignorance _c be committ$ except by ! w ( him :o commits x1 ?\gh by a w :i* incites him to ! action m]ely1 & n to ! s92 & yet ! action itself is nev]!less s9ful1 = x is en\gh to con/itute x su* t he has done :at he 0 b\nd n to d4'0 ,! ,jesuit seem$ to be conf\nd$ m ) ! passage f ,ari/otle1 ,i ?\ght1 ?an t f ,/4 ,augu/9e2 b :ile he 0 ?9k+ on :at he c\ld reply1 a mess5g] came to in=m him t ,madame la ,m>es*ale ( ----1 & ,madame ! ,m>*ioness ( ----1 reque/$ 8 att5dance4 ,s tak+ a ha/y leave ( u1 he said3 8,i %all speak ab\t x to our fa!rs4 ,!y w f9d an answ] to x1 ,i w>rant y2 we h got "s long heads among u40 ,we und]/ood him p]fectly well2 & on our be+ left alone1 ,i express$ to my fri5d my a/oni%m5t at ! subv]sion :i* ?is doctr9e ?reat5$ to ! :ole sy/em ( morals4 ,to ?is he repli$ t he 0 q a/oni%$ at my a/oni%m5t4 8,are y n yet aw>e10 he said1 8t !y h gone to f> great] excess 9 morals ?an 9 any o!r matt]80 ,he gave me "s /range illu/rations ( ?is1 promis+ me m at "s future "t4 ,! in=mation :i* ,i may receive on ?is po9t1 w1 ,i hope1 furni% ! topic ( my next communication4--,i am1 c4 ----- ,footnote #abj3 ,eti5ne ,bauni1 or ,/eph5 ,bauny1 0 a ,fr5* ,jesuit4 ,8 8,summ>y10 :i* ,pascal has immortaliz$ by 8 frequ5t ref]5ces to x1 0 publi%$ 9 #afcc4 ,x is a l>ge volume1 /uff$ ) ! mo/ dete/able doctr9es4 ,9 #afdb1 ! ,g5]al ,assembly ( ! ,fr5* cl]gy c5sur$ 8 books on moral !ology1 z conta9+ propositions 8lead+ to lic5ti\sness1 & ! corruption ( good mann]s1 violat+ natural equity1 & excus+ blasphemy1 usury1 simony1 & o!r he9\s s9s1 z trivial matt]s40 7,nicole1 i4 #afd47 ,& yet ?is abom9able "w 0 =mally def5d$ 9 ! 8,apology = ! ,casui/s10 writt5 9 #afeg1 by ,fa!r ,pirot1 & ackn[l$g$ by ! ,jesuits z hav+ be5 writt5 "u _! direction6 7,nicole1 ,hi/4 des ,prov9ciales1 p4 #cj47 ,footnote #aba3 ,francis ,annat 0 born 9 ! ye> #aeij4 ,he 0 made rector ( ! ,college ( ,t\l\se1 & appo9t$ by ! ,jesuits _! ,fr5* prov9cial2 &1 :ile 9 t situation1 0 *os5 by ,l\is ,,xiv4 z 8 confessor4 ,8 fri5ds h highly extoll$ 8 virtues z a man2 & ! read] may judge ( ! value ( ^! eulogiums f ! fact1 t he reta9$ 8 po/ z ! favorite confessor ( t lic5ti\s mon>*1 )\t int]ruption1 till deafness prev5t$ him f li/5+ any long] to ! confessions ( 8 royal p5it5t4 7,bayle1 art4 ,annat47 ,!y h also extoll$ 8 answ] to ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s1 9 8 8,bonne ,foy des ,jans5i/es10 9 :i* he pr(ess$ to expose ! falsity ( ! quotations made f ! ,casui/s1 ) :at success1 appe>s f ! ,notes ( ,nicole1 :o has completely v9dicat$ ,pascal f ! unf\nd$ *>ges :i* ! ,jesuits h reit]at$ on ?is po9t4 7,notes ,prelim9aires1 vol4 i4 p4 #bef1 c42 ,entreti5s de ,cle&re et ,eudoxe1 p4 #gi47 ,footnote #abb3 ,:5 ,madame du ,valois1 a lady ( bir? & high accompli%m5ts1 "o ( ! nuns ( ,port-,royal1 among o!r trials by :i* %e 0 h>ass$ & torm5t$ = n sign+ ! =mul>y condemn+ ,jans5ius1 0 ?reat5$ ) be+ depriv$ ( ! b5efit ( ! sacram5ts at ! h\r ( dea?1 %e repli$3 8,if1 at ! awful h\r ( dea?1 ,i %\ld be depriv$ ( ^? assi/ances :i* ! ,*ur* grants to all h] *ildr51 !n ,god himself w1 by 8 grace1 imm$iately & abundantly supply _! in/rum5tality4 ,i "k1 inde$1 t x is mo/ pa9ful to approa* ! awful h\r ( dea? )\t an outw>d p>ticipation 9 ! sacram5ts2 b x is bett] dy+ to ent] into heav51 ?\gh )\t ! sacram5ts1 = ! cause ( tru?1 ?an1 receiv+ ! sacram5ts1 to be cit$ to irrevocable judgm5t = committ+ p]jury40 7,n>rative ( ,dem4 ( ,port-,royal1 p4 #agf47 ,footnote #abc3 ,w x be believ$ t ! ,jesuits actually _h ! consummate hypocrisy to pret5d t ,pascal meant to ?r[ ridicule on ! grace ( ,god1 :ile he 0 m]ely expos+ to m]it$ contempt _! own p]v]sions ( ! doctr9e8 ,footnote #abd3 ,see be=e1 page #gj4 ,footnote #abe3 ,! ,jesuits 7 notori\s = ! assiduity ) :i* !y s\ght admission into ! families1 & c\rt$ ! confid5ce ( ! great1 ) :om1 f ! laxness ( _! discipl9e & morality1 z well z f _! sup]ior mann]s & accompli%m5ts1 !y 71 z !y /ill are1 ! favorite confessors4 ,!y h a maxim among _! secret in/ructions1 t 9 deal+ ) ! consci5ces ( ! great1 ! confessor mu/ be guid$ by ! loos] sort ( op9ions4 ,! au?or ( ! ,!atre ,jesuitique illu/rates ?is by an anecdote4 ,a ri* g5tleman fall+ sick1 confess$ himself to a ,jesuit1 & among o!r s9s ackn[l$g$ an illicit int]c\rse ) a lady1 ^: portrait1 ?9k+ himself dy+1 he gave ) _m expressions ( remorse1 to 8 confessor4 ,! g5tleman1 h[ev]1 recov]$1 & ) return+ heal? a salut>y *ange 0 effect$ on 8 "*4 ,! ,jesuit1 f9d+ himself =gott51 paid a visit to 8 =m] p5it5t1 & gave him back ! portrait1 :i* r5ew$ all 8 =m] passion1 & soon br\ght him aga9 to ! feet ( 8 confessor6 ,footnote #abf3 8,! d\btsome fai? ( ! pope10 z x 0 /yl$ by our ,re=m]s1 is "h lam5tably app>5t4 ,! 8fe> & trembl+0 ( ! apo/le 7 ^? ( anxi\s c>e & dilig5ce1 n ( d\bt or appreh5sion4 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 ) all h] pret5sions to be reg>d$ z ! only safe & infallible guide to salvation1 keeps h] *ildr5 9 d>kness & d\bt on ?is po9t to ! la/ mom5t ( life2 !y are nev] p]mitt$ to rea* ! peaceful assurance ( ,god's love & ! humble hope ( et]nal life :i* ! ,gospel w>rants ! believ] to *]i%2 & ?is1 :ile x s]ves to keep ! sup]/iti\s multitude "u ! sway ( prie/ly dom9ation1 acc\nts = ! gloom :i* has *>act]iz$1 9 all ages1 ! devotion ( ! be/ & mo/ intellig5t ,romani/s4 ,footnote #abg3 ,augu/9e4 ,,lett] ,v4 ,,design ,,( ,,! ,,jesuits ,,9 ,,e/abli%+ ,a ,,new ,,sy/em ,,( ,,morals--,,two ,,sorts ,,( ,,casui/s ,,among ,,!m1 ,a ,,great ,,_m ,,lax1 ,,& ,,"s ,,sev]e ,,ones--,,reason ,,( ,,?is ,,diff]5ce--,,explanation ,,( ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,probability--,a ,,multitude ,,( ,,mod]n ,,& ,,unkn[n ,,au?ors ,,sub/itut$ ,,9 ,,! ,,place ,,( ,,! ,,holy ,,fa!rs4 ,,p>is1 ,m>* #bj1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,accord+ to my promise1 ,i n[ s5d y ! fir/ outl9es ( ! morals taught by ^? good fa!rs ! ,jesuits--8^? m5 di/+ui%$ = le>n+ & sagacity1 :o are all "u ! guidance ( div9e wisdom--a sur] guide ?an all philosophy40 ,y imag9e1 p]haps1 t ,i am 9 je/1 b ,i am p]fectly s]i\s2 or r1 !y are s :5 !y speak ?us ( !mselves 9 _! book entitl$ 8,! ,image ( ! ,fir/ ,c5tury40#abh ,i am only copy+ _! own words1 & may n[ give y ! re/ ( ! eulogy3 8,!y are a society ( m51 or r let u call !m angels1 pr$ict$ by ,isaiah 9 ^! words1 #8,g1 ye swift & ready angels4'0#abi ,! pr$iction is z cle> z day1 is x n8 8,!y h ! _s ( eagles2 !y are a flock ( phnixes 7a late au?or hav+ demon/rat$ t !re are a great _m ( ^! birds72 !y h *ang$ ! face ( ,*ri/5dom60 ,( c\rse1 we mu/ believe all ?is1 s9ce !y h said x2 & 9 "o s5se y w f9d ! acc\nt amply v]ifi$ by ! sequel ( ?is communication1 9 :i* ,i propose to treat ( _! maxims4 ,det]m9$ to obta9 ! be/ possible in=mation1 ,i did n tru/ to ! repres5tations ( our fri5d ! ,jans5i/1 b s\ght an int]view ) "s ( !mselves4 ,i f\nd1 h[ev]1 t he told me no?+ b ! b>e tru?1 & ,i am p]suad$ he is an hone/ man4 ,( ?is y may judge f ! foll[+ acc\nt ( ^! conf]5ces4 ,9 ! conv]sation ,i _h ) ! ,jans5i/1 he told me s _m /range ?+s ab\t ^! fa!rs1 t ,i c\ld ) difficulty believe !m1 till he po9t$ !m out to me 9 _! writ+s2 aft] :i* he left me no?+ m to say 9 _! def5ce1 ?an t ^! might be ! s5tim5ts ( "s individuals only1 :i* x 0 n fair to impute to ! :ole frat]nity4#acj ,&1 inde$1 ,i assur$ him t ,i knew "s ( !m :o 7 z sev]e z ^? :om he quot$ to me 7 lax4 ,?is l$ him to expla9 to me ! _s ( ! ,society1 :i* is n kn[n to e "o2 & y w p]haps h no objections to le>n some?+ ab\t x4 8,y imag9e10 he began1 8t x w\ld tell consid]ably 9 _! favor to %[ t "s ( _! fa!rs are z fri5dly to ,evangelical maxims z o!rs are oppos$ to !m2 & y w\ld conclude f t circum/ance1 t ^! loose op9ions d n belong to ! :ole ,society4 ,t ,i grant y2 = _h su* be5 ! case1 !y w\ld n h suff]$ p]sons among !m hold+ s5tim5ts s diametrically oppos$ to lic5ti\sness4 ,b z x is equally true t !re are among !m ^? :o hold ^! lic5ti\s doctr9es1 y are b\nd also to conclude t ! ,_s ( ! ,society is n t ( ,*ri/ian sev]ity2 = _h su* be5 ! case1 !y w\ld n h suff]$ p]sons among !m hold+ s5tim5ts s diametrically oppos$ to t sev]ity40 8,& :at1 !n10 ,i ask$1 8c be ! design ( ! :ole z a body8 ,p]haps !y h no fix$ pr9ciple1 & e "o is left to speak out at r&om :atev] he ?9ks40 8,t _c be10 return$ my fri5d2 8su* an imm5se body c\ld n subsi/ 9 su* a hap-haz>d sort ( way1 or )\t a s\l to gov]n & regulate its movem5ts2 besides1 x is "o ( _! express regulations1 t none %all pr9t a page )\t ! approval ( _! sup]iors40 8,b10 said ,i1 8h[ c ^! same sup]iors give _! cons5t to maxims s contradictory80 8,t is :at y h yet to le>n10 he repli$4 8,"k1 !n1 t _! object is n ! corruption ( mann]s--t is n _! design4 ,b z little is x _! sole aim to re=m !m--t w\ld be bad policy4 ,_! idea is briefly ?is3 ,!y h su* a good op9ion ( !mselves z to believe t x is useful1 & 9 "s sort ess5tially necess>y to ! good ( religion1 t _! influ5ce %\ld ext5d ev]y:]e1 & t !y %\ld gov]n all consci5ces4 ,& ! ,evangelical or sev]e maxims be+ be/ fitt$ = manag+ "s sorts ( p1 !y avail !mselves ( ^! :5 !y f9d !m favorable to _! purpose4 ,b z ^! maxims d n suit ! views ( ! great bulk ( p1 !y wave !m 9 ! case ( su* p]sons1 9 ord] to keep on good t]ms ) all ! _w4 ,accord+ly1 hav+ to deal ) p]sons ( all classes & ( all diff]5t nations1 !y f9d x necess>y to h casui/s cut out to mat* ?is div]sity4 8,on ?is pr9ciple1 y w easily see t if !y _h none b ! loos] sort ( casui/s1 !y w\ld defeat _! ma9 design1 :i* is to embrace all2 = ^? t are truly pi\s are fond ( a /rict] discipl9e4 ,b z !re are n _m ( t /amp1 !y d n require _m sev]e directors to guide !m4 ,!y h a few = ! select few2 :ile :ole multitudes ( lax casui/s are provid$ = ! multitudes t pref] laxity4#aca 8,x is 9 virtue ( ?is #8oblig+ & accommodat+' conduct1 z ,fa!r ,petau#acb calls x1 t !y may be said to /ret* out a help+ h& to all mank9d4 ,%\ld any p]son pres5t himself be=e !m1 = example1 fully resolv$ to make re/itution ( "s ill-gott5 ga9s1 d n suppose t !y w\ld dissuade him f x4 ,by no means2 on ! contr>y1 !y w applaud & confirm him 9 su* a holy resolution4 ,b suppose ano!r %\ld come :o wi%es to be absolv$ )\t re/itution1 & x w be a p>ticul>ly h>d case inde$1 if !y _c furni% him ) means ( evad+ ! duty1 ( "o k9d or ano!r1 ! lawfulness ( :i* !y w be ready to gu>antee4 8,by ?is policy !y keep all _! fri5ds1 & def5d !mselves aga9/ all _! foes2 =1 :5 *>g$ ) extreme laxity1 !y h no?+ m to d ?an produce _! au/]e directors1 ) "s books :i* !y h writt5 on ! sev]ity ( ! ,*ri/ian code ( morals2 & simple p1 or ^? :o nev] look bel[ ! surface ( ?+s1 are q satisfi$ ) ^! pro(s ( ! falsity ( ! accusation4 8,?us are !y prep>$ = all sorts ( p]sons1 & s ready are !y to suit ! supply to ! dem&1 t :5 !y happ5 to be 9 any "p ( ! _w :]e ! doctr9e ( a crucifi$ ,god is acc\nt$ fooli%ness1 !y suppress ! (f5ce ( ! cross1 & prea* only a glori\s & n a suff]+ ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,?is plan !y foll[$ 9 ! ,indies & 9 ,*9a1 :]e !y p]mitt$ ,*ri/ians to practise idolatry itself1 ) ! aid ( ! foll[+ +5i\s contrivance3--!y made _! conv]ts conceal "u _! clo!s an image ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 to :i* !y taught !m to transf] m5tally ^? adorations :i* !y r5d]$ o/5sibly to ! idol ,ca*9*oam & ,keum-fucum4 ,?is *>ge is br\ght aga9/ !m by ,grav9a1 a ,dom9ican1 & is fully e/abli%$ by ! ,spani% memorial pres5t$ to ,philip ,,iv41 k+ ( ,spa91 by ! ,cordeli]s ( ! ,philipp9e ,isl&s1 quot$ by ,?omas ,hurtado1 9 8 #8,m>tyrdom ( ! ,fai?1' page #dbg4 ,to su* a l5g? did ?is practice g1 t ! ,congregation ,de ,propag&a 7 oblig$ expressly to =bid ! ,jesuits1 on pa9 ( excommunication1 to p]mit ! wor%ip ( idols on any pretext :atev]1 or to conceal ! my/]y ( ! cross f _! cate*um5s2 /rictly enjo9+ !m to admit none to baptism :o 7 n ?us in/ruct$1 & ord]+ !m to expose ! image ( ! crucifix 9 _! *ur*es3--all :i* is amply detail$ 9 ! decree ( t ,congregation1 dat$ ! #i? ( ,july1 #afdf1 & sign$ by ,c>d9al ,capponi4#acc 8,su* is ! mann] 9 :i* !y h spread !mselves ov] ! :ole e>?1 aid$ by ! doctr9e ( probable op9ions1 :i* is at once ! s\rce & ! basis ( all ?is lic5ti\sness4 ,y mu/ get "s ( !mselves to expla9 ?is doctr9e to y4 ,!y make no secret ( x1 any m ?an ( :at y h already le>n$2 ) ?is diff]5ce only1 t !y conceal _! c>nal & worldly policy "u ! g>b ( div9e & ,*ri/ian prud5ce2 z if ! fai?1 & tradition its ally1 7 n always "o & ! same at all times & 9 all places2 z if x 7 ! "p ( ! rule to b5d 9 con=mity to ! subject :i* x 0 meant to regulate2 & z if s\ls1 to be purifi$ f _! pollutions1 _h only to corrupt ! law ( ! ,"l1 9 place ( #8! law ( ! ,"l1 :i* is clean & pure1 conv]t+ ! s\l :i* lie? 9 s91' & br++ x into con=mity ) its salut>y lessons6 8,g & see "s ( ^! wor?y fa!rs1 ,i besee* y1 & ,i am confid5t t y w soon discov]1 9 ! laxity ( _! moral sy/em1 ! explanation ( _! doctr9e ab\t grace4 ,y w !n see ! ,*ri/ian virtues exhibit$ 9 su* a /range aspect1 s completely /ripp$ ( ! *>ity :i* is ! life & s\l ( !m--y w see s _m crimes palliat$ & irregul>ities tol]at$1 t y w no long] be surpris$ at _! ma9ta9+ t #8all m5 h always en\gh ( grace' to lead a pi\s life1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* !y und]/& piety4 ,_! morality be+ entirely ,pagan1 nature is q compet5t to its obs]vance4 ,:5 we ma9ta9 ! necessity ( efficaci\s grace1 we assign x ano!r sort ( virtue = its object4 ,its (fice is n to cure "o vice by means ( ano!r2 x is n m]ely to induce m5 to practise ! ext]nal duties ( religion3 x aims at a virtue high] ?an t prop\nd$ by ,ph>isees1 or ! greate/ sages ( ,hea!nism4 ,! law & reason are #8suffici5t graces' = ^! purposes4 ,b to dis5?ral ! s\l f ! love ( ! _w--to te> x f :at x holds mo/ de>--to make x die to itself--to lift x up & b9d x :olly1 only1 & =ev]1 to ,god--c be ! "w ( none b an all-p[]ful h&4 ,& x w\ld be z absurd to affirm t we h ! full p[] ( a*iev+ su* objects1 z x w\ld be to allege t ^? virtues1 devoid ( ! love ( ,god1 :i* ^! fa!rs conf\nd ) ! virtues ( ,*ri/ianity1 are beyond our p[]40 ,su* 0 ! /ra9 ( my fri5d's disc\rse1 :i* 0 deliv]$ ) mu* feel+2 = he takes ^! sad disord]s v mu* to he>t4 ,= my own "p1 ,i began to ent]ta9 a high admiration ( ^! fa!rs1 simply on acc\nt ( ! +5uity ( _! policy2 & foll[+ 8 advice1 ,i wait$ on a good casui/ ( ! ,society1 "o ( my old acqua9tances1 ) :om ,i n[ resolv$ purposely to r5ew my =m] intimacy4 ,hav+ my in/ructions h[ to manage !m1 ,i _h no great difficulty 9 gett+ him afloat4 ,reta9+ 8 old atta*m5t1 he receiv$ me imm$iately ) a pr(usion ( k9dness2 & aft] talk+ ov] "s indiff]5t matt]s1 ,i took occasion f ! pres5t season1#acd to le>n some?+ f him ab\t fa/+1 & ?us slip ins5sibly into ! ma9 subject4 ,i told him1 !re=e1 t ,i _h difficulty 9 support+ ! fa/4 ,he exhort$ me to d viol5ce to my incl9ations2 b z ,i cont9u$ to murmur1 he took pity on me1 & began to se>* out "s gr\nd = a disp5sation4 ,9 fact he sugge/$ a numb] ( excuses = me1 none ( :i* happ5$ to suit my case1 till at l5g? he be?\ght himself ( ask+ me1 :e!r ,i did n f9d x difficult to sleep )\t tak+ supp]8 8,yes1 my good fa!r10 said ,i2 8& = t reason ,i am oblig$ (t5 to take a refre%m5t at mid-day1 & supp] at night40#ace 8,i am extremely happy10 he repli$1 8to h f\nd out a way ( reliev+ y )\t s93 g 9 peace--y are "u no obligation to fa/4 ,h[ev]1 ,i w\ld n h y dep5d on my ^w3 /ep ?is way to ! libr>y40 ,on go+ ?i!r ) him he took up a book1 exclaim+1 ) great rapture1 8,"h is ! au?ority = y3 &1 by my consci5ce1 su* an au?ority6 ,x is ,,escob>60#acf 8,:o is ,escob>80 ,i inquir$4 8,:at6 n "k ,escob>80 cri$ ! monk2 8! memb] ( our ,society :o compil$ ?is ,moral ,!ology f tw5ty-f\r ( our fa!rs1 & on ?is f\nds an analogy1 9 8 preface1 betwe5 8 book & #8t 9 ! ,apocalypse :i* 0 seal$ ) sev5 seals1' & /ates t #8,jesus pres5ts x ?us seal$ to ! f\r liv+ creatures1 ,su>ez1 ,vasquez1 ,mol9a1 & ,val5cia1#acg 9 pres5ce ( ! f\r-&-tw5ty ,jesuits :o repres5t ! f\r-&-tw5ty eld]s8'0 ,he read me1 9 fact1 ! :ole ( t allegory1 :i* he pron\nc$ to be admirably appropriate1 & :i* convey$ to my m9d a sublime idea ( ! excell5ce ( ! "w4 ,at l5g?1 hav+ s\ght out ! passage on fa/+1 8,o "h x is60 he said2 8treatise #a1 example #ac1 no4 #fg3 #8,if a man _c sleep )\t tak+ supp]1 is he b\nd to fa/8 ,answ]3 ,by no means6' ,w t n satisfy y80 8,n exactly10 repli$ ,i2 8= ,i might su/a9 ! fa/ by tak+ my refre%m5t 9 ! morn+1 & supp+ at night40 8,li/51 !n1 to :at foll[s2 !y h provid$ = all t3 #8,& :at is to be said1 if ! p]son might make a %ift ) a refre%m5t 9 ! morn+ & supp+ at night8'0 8,t's my case exactly40 8#8,answ]3 ,/ill he is n oblig$ to fa/2 because no p]son is oblig$ to *ange ! ord] ( 8 meals4'0 8,a mo/ excell5t reason60 ,i exclaim$4 8,b tell me1 pray10 cont9u$ ! monk1 8d y take mu* w9e80 8,no1 my de> fa!r10 ,i answ]$2 8,i _c endure x40 8,i m]ely put ! "q10 return$ he1 8to apprize y t y might1 )\t break+ ! fa/1 take a glass or s 9 ! morn+1 or :5ev] y felt incl9$ = a drop2 & t is always some?+ 9 ! way ( support+ nature4 ,"h is ! decision at ! same place1 no4 #eg3 #8,may "o1 )\t break+ ! fa/1 dr9k w9e at any h\r he pleases1 & ev5 9 a l>ge quantity8 ,yes1 he may3 & a dram ( hippocrass too4'#ach ,i _h no recollection ( ! hippocrass10 said ! monk2 8,i mu/ take a note ( t 9 my memor&um-book40 8,he mu/ be a nice man1 ?is ,escob>10 obs]v$ ,i4 8,oh6 ev]ybody likes him10 rejo9$ ! fa!r2 8he has su* delightful que/ions6 ,only obs]ve ?is "o 9 ! same place1 no4 #ch3 #8,if a man d\bt :e!r he is tw5ty-"o ye>s old1 is he oblig$ to fa/8#aci ,no4 ,b suppose ,i 7 to be tw5ty-"o to-night an h\r aft] midnight1 & to-morr[ 7 ! fa/1 w\ld ,i be oblig$ to fa/ to-morr[8 ,no2 = y 7 at lib]ty to eat z mu* z y pleas$ = an h\r aft] midnight1 n be+ till !n fully tw5ty-"o2 & !re=e hav+ a "r to break ! fa/-day1 y are n oblig$ to keep x4'0 8,well1 t is va/ly ent]ta9+60 cri$ ,i4 8,oh10 rejo9$ ! fa!r1 8x is impossible to te> "o's self away f ! book3 ,i sp5d :ole days & nights 9 read+ x2 9 fact1 ,i d no?+ else40 ,! wor?y monk1 p]ceiv+ t ,i 0 int]e/$1 0 q delight$1 & w5t on ) 8 quotations4 8,n[10 said he1 8= a ta/e ( ,filiutius1 "o ( ! f\r-&-tw5ty ,jesuits3 #8,is a man :o has exhau/$ himself any way--by pr(ligacy1 = example#adj--oblig$ to fa/8 ,by no means4 ,b if he has exhau/$ himself expressly to procure a disp5sation f fa/+1 w he be held oblig$8 ,he w n1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld h _h t design4' ,!re n[6 w\ld y h believ$ t80 8,inde$1 good fa!r1 ,i d n believe x yet10 said ,i4 8,:at6 is x no s9 = a man n to fa/ :5 he has x 9 8 p[]8 ,& is x all[able to c\rt occasions ( committ+ s91 or r1 are we n b\nd to %un !m8 ,t w\ld be easy en\gh1 surely40 8,n always s10 he repli$2 8t is j z x may happ540 8,happ51 h[80 cri$ ,i4 8,oho60 rejo9$ ! monk1 8s y ?9k t if a p]son exp]i5ce "s inconv5i5ce 9 avoid+ ! occasions ( s91 he is /ill b\nd to d s8 ,n s ?9ks ,fa!r ,bauny4 #8,absolution1' says he1 #8is n to be refus$ to su* z cont9ue 9 ! proximate occasions ( s91#ada if !y are s situat$ t !y _c give !m up )\t becom+ ! common talk ( ! _w1 or subject+ !mselves to p]sonal inconv5i5ce4'0 8,i am glad to he> x1 fa!r10 ,i rem>k$2 8& n[ t we are n oblig$ to avoid ! occasions ( s91 no?+ m rema9s b to say t we may delib]ately c\rt !m40 8,ev5 t is occasionally p]mitt$10 add$ he2 8! celebrat$ casui/ ,basil ,ponce has said s1 & ,fa!r ,bauny quotes 8 s5tim5t ) approbation1 9 8 ,treatise on ,p5ance1 z foll[s3 #8,we may seek an occasion ( s9 directly & design$ly--primo et p] se--:5 our own or our neighbor's spiritual or temporal advantage induces u to d s4'0 8,truly10 said ,i1 8x appe>s to be all a dream to me1 :5 ,i he> grave div9es talk+ 9 ?is mann]6 ,come n[1 my de> fa!r1 tell me consci5ti\sly1 d y hold su* a s5tim5t z t80 8,no1 inde$10 said he1 8,i d n40 8,y are speak+1 !n1 aga9/ y\r consci5ce10 cont9u$ ,i4 8,n at all10 he repli$2 8,i 0 speak+ on t po9t n accord+ to my own consci5ce1 b accord+ to t ( ,ponce & ,fa!r ,bauny1 & !m y may foll[ ) ! utmo/ safety1 = ,i assure y t !y are able m540 8,:at1 fa!r6 because !y h put d[n ^! ?ree l9es 9 _! books1 w x !re=e become all[able to c\rt ! occasions ( s98 ,i always ?\ght t we 7 b\nd to take ! ,scripture & ! tradition ( ! ,*ur* z our only rule1 & n y\r casui/s40 8,goodness60 cri$ ! monk1 8,i decl>e y put me 9 m9d ( ^! ,jans5i/s4 ,?9k y t ,fa!r ,bauny & ,basil ,ponce are n able to r5d] _! op9ion probable80 8,probable won't d = me10 said ,i2 8,i mu/ h c]ta9ty40 8,i c easily see10 repli$ ! good fa!r1 8t y "k no?+ ab\t our doctr9e ( probable op9ions4 ,if y did1 y w\ld speak 9 ano!r /ra94 ,ah6 my de> sir1 ,i mu/ really give y "s in/ructions on ?is po9t2 )\t kn[+ ?is1 positively y c und]/& no?+ at all4 ,x is ! f\ndation--! v ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 ( our :ole moral philosophy40 ,glad to see him come to ! po9t to :i* ,i _h be5 draw+ him on1 ,i express$ my satisfaction1 & reque/$ him to expla9 :at 0 meant by a probable op9ion8#adb 8,t10 he repli$1 8our au?ors w answ] bett] ?an ,i c d4 ,! g5]ality ( !m1 &1 among o!rs1 our f\r-&-tw5ty eld]s1 describe x ?us3 #8,an op9ion is call$ probable1 :5 x is f\nd$ ^u reasons ( "s consid]ation4 ,h5ce x may sometimes happ5 t a s+le v grave doctor may r5d] an op9ion probable4' ,! reason is add$3 #8,= a man p>ticul>ly giv5 to /udy w\ld n adh]e to an op9ion unless he 0 drawn to x by a good & suffici5t reason4'0 8,s x w\ld appe>10 ,i obs]v$1 ) a smile1 8t a s+le doctor may turn consci5ces r\nd ab\t & upside d[n z he pleases1 & yet always l& !m 9 a safe position40 8,y mu/ n laugh at x1 sir10 return$ ! monk2 8nor ne$ y attempt to combat ! doctr9e4 ,! ,jans5i/s tri$ ?is2 b !y might h sav$ !mselves ! tr\ble--x is too firmly e/abli%$4 ,he> ,san*ez1 "o ( ! mo/ fam\s ( our fa!rs3 #8,y may d\bt1 p]haps1 :e!r ! au?ority ( a s+le good & le>n$ doctor r5d]s an op9ion probable4 ,i answ]1 t x does2 & ?is is confirm$ by ,angelus1 ,sylve/] ,nav>re1 ,emanuel ,sa1 c4 ,x is prov$ ?us3 ,a probable op9ion is "o t has a consid]able f\ndation4 ,n[ ! au?ority ( a le>n$ & pi\s man is entitl$ to v great consid]ation2 because 7m>k ! reason71 if ! te/imony ( su* a man has great influ5ce 9 conv9c+ u t su* & su* an ev5t occurr$1 say at ,rome1 = example1 :y %\ld x n h ! same weight 9 ! case ( a "q 9 morals8'0 8,an odd comp>ison ?is10 int]rupt$ ,i1 8betwe5 ! conc]ns ( ! _w & ^? ( consci5ce60 8,h a little pati5ce10 rejo9$ ! monk2 8,san*ez answ]s t 9 ! v next s5t5ce3 #8,nor c ,i ass5t to ! qualification made "h by "s writ]s1 namely1 t ! au?ority ( su* a doctor1 ?\gh suffici5t 9 matt]s ( human "r1 is n s 9 ^? ( div9e "r4 ,x is ( va/ weight 9 bo? cases4'0 8,well1 fa!r10 said ,i1 frankly1 8,i really _c admire t rule4 ,:o c assure me1 consid]+ ! fre$om y\r doctors claim to exam9e ev]y?+ by reason1 t :at appe>s safe to "o may seem s to all ! re/8 ,! div]sity ( judgm5ts is s great0-- 8,y don't und]/& x10 said he1 int]rupt+ me2 8no d\bt !y are (t5 ( diff]5t s5tim5ts1 b :at signifies t8--ea* r5d]s 8 own op9ion probable & safe4 ,we all "k well en\gh t !y are f> f be+ ( ! same m9d2 :at is m1 !re is h>dly an in/ance 9 :i* !y ev] agree4 ,!re are v few que/ions1 inde$1 9 :i* y d n f9d ! "o say+ ,yes1 & ! o!r say+ ,no4 ,/ill1 9 all ^! cases1 ea* ( ! contr>y op9ions is probable4 ,& h5ce ,diana says on a c]ta9 subject3 #8,ponce & ,san*ez hold opposite views ( x2 b1 z !y are bo? le>n$ m51 ea* r5d]s 8 own op9ion probable4'0 8,b1 fa!r10 ,i rem>k$1 8a p]son mu/ be sadly emb>rass$ 9 *oos+ betwe5 !m60--8,n at all10 he rejo9$2 8he has only to foll[ ! op9ion :i* suits him be/40--8,:at6 if ! o!r is m probable80 8,x does n signify40--8,& if ! o!r is ! saf]80 8,x does n signify10 repeat$ ! monk2 8?is is made q pla9 by ,emanuel ,sa1 ( our ,society1 9 8 ,aphorisms3 #8,a p]son may d :at he consid]s all[able accord+ to a probable op9ion1 ?\gh ! contr>y may be ! saf] "o4 ,! op9ion ( a s+le grave doctor is all t is requisite4'0 8,& if an op9ion be at once ! less probable & ! less safe1 is x all[able to foll[ x10 ,i ask$1 8ev5 9 ! way ( reject+ "o :i* we believe to be m probable & safe80 8,once m1 ,i say ,yes10 repli$ ! monk4 8,he> :at ,filiutius1 t great ,jesuit ( ,rome1 says3 #8,x is all[able to foll[ ! less probable op9ion1 ev5 ?\gh x be ! less safe "o4 ,t is ! common judgm5t ( mod]n au?ors4' ,is n t q cle>80 8,well1 rev]5d fa!r10 said ,i1 8y h giv5 u elb[-room1 at all ev5ts6 ,?anks to y\r probable op9ions1 we h got lib]ty ( consci5ce ) a witness6 ,& are y casui/s all[$ ! same latitude 9 giv+ y\r responses80 8,o yes10 said he1 8we answ] j z we please2 or r1 ,i %\ld say1 j z x may please ^? :o ask our advice4 ,"h are our rules1 tak5 f ,fa!rs ,layman1 ,vasquez1 ,san*ez1 & ! f\r-&-tw5ty wor?ies1 9 ! words ( ,layman3 #8,a doctor1 on be+ consult$1 may give an advice1 n only probable accord+ to 8 own op9ion1 b contr>y to 8 op9ion1 provid$ ?is judgm5t happ5s to be m favorable or m agreeable to ! p]son t consults him--si =te hc favorabilior seu exoptatior sit4 ,nay1 ,i g fur!r1 & say1 t !re w\ld be no?+ unreasonable 9 8 giv+ ^? :o consult him a judgm5t held to be probable by "s le>n$ p]son1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld be satisfi$ 9 8 own m9d t x is absolutely false4'0 8,well1 s]i\sly1 fa!r10 ,i said1 8y\r doctr9e is a mo/ uncommonly com=table "o6 ,only ?9k ( be+ all[$ to answ] ,yes or ,no1 j z y please6 ,x is impossible to prize su* a privilege too highly4 ,i see n[ ! advantage ( ! contr>y op9ions ( y\r doctors4 ,"o ( !m always s]ves y\r turn1 & ! o!r nev] gives y any annoyance4 ,if y d n f9d y\r acc\nt on ! "o side1 y fall back on ! o!r1 & always l& 9 p]fect safety40 8,t is q true10 he repli$2 8& accord+ly1 we may always say ) ,diana1 on 8 f9d+ t ,fa!r ,bauny 0 on 8 side1 :ile ,fa!r ,lugo 0 aga9/ him3 ,spe prem5te deo1 f]t deus alt] opem40#adc 8,i und]/& y10 resum$ ,i2 8b a practical difficulty has j occurr$ to me1 :i* is ?is1 t suppos+ a p]son to h consult$ "o ( y\r doctors1 & obta9$ f him a pretty lib]al op9ion1 !re is "s dang] ( 8 gett+ into a scrape by meet+ a confessor :o takes a diff]5t view ( ! matt]1 & refuses him absolution unless he recant ! s5tim5t ( ! casui/4 ,h y n provid$ = su* a case z t1 fa!r80 8,c y d\bt x80 he repli$4 8,we h b\nd !m1 sir1 to absolve _! p5it5ts :o act accord+ to probable op9ions1 "u ! pa9 ( mortal s91 to secure _! compliance4 #8,:5 ! p5it5t1' says ,fa!r ,bauny1 #8foll[s a probable op9ion1 ! confessor is b\nd to absolve him1 ?\gh 8 op9ion %\ld diff] f t ( 8 p5it5t4'0 8,b he does n say x w\ld be a mortal s9 n to absolve him10 said ,i4 8,h[ ha/y y are60 rejo9$ ! monk2 8li/5 to :at foll[s2 he has expressly decid$ t1 #8to refuse absolution to a p5it5t :o acts accord+ to a probable op9ion1 is a s9 :i* is 9 its nature mortal4' ,& to settle t po9t1 he cites ! mo/ illu/ri\s ( our fa!rs--,su>ez1 ,vasquez1 & ,san*ez40 8,my de> sir10 said ,i1 8t is a mo/ prud5t regulation4 ,i see no?+ to fe> n[4 ,no confessor c d>e to be refractory aft] ?is4 ,inde$1 ,i 0 n aw>e t y _h ! p[] ( issu+ y\r ord]s on pa9 ( damnation4 ,i ?\ght t y\r skill _h be5 conf9$ to ! tak+ away ( s9s2 ,i _h no idea t x ext5d$ to ! introduction ( new ones4 ,b f :at ,i n[ see1 y are omnipot5t40 8,t is n a correct way ( speak+10 rejo9$ ! fa!r4 8,we d n introduce s9s2 we only pay att5tion to !m4 ,i h _h occasion to rem>k1 two or ?ree times dur+ our conv]sation1 t y are no great s*ola/ic40 8,be t z x may1 fa!r1 y h at lea/ answ]$ my difficulty4 ,b ,i h ano!r to sugge/4 ,h[ d y manage :5 ! ,fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* happ5 to diff] f any ( y\r casui/s80 8,y really "k v little ( ! subject10 he repli$4 8,! ,fa!rs 7 good en\gh = ! morality ( _! own times2 b !y liv$ too f> back = t ( ! pres5t age1 :i* is no long] regulat$ by !m1 b by ! mod]n casui/s4 ,on ?is ,fa!r ,cellot1 foll[+ ! fam\s ,reg9ald1 rem>ks3 #8,9 que/ions ( morals1 ! mod]n casui/s are to be pref]r$ to ! anci5t fa!rs1 ?\gh ^? liv$ ne>] to ! times ( ! apo/les4' ,& foll[+ out ?is maxim1 ,diana ?us decides3 #8,are b5efici>ies b\nd to re/ore _! rev5ue :5 guilty ( mal-appropriation ( x8 ,! anci5ts w\ld say ,yes1 b ! mod]ns say ,no2 let u1 !re=e1 adh]e to ! latt] op9ion1 :i* relieves f ! obligation ( re/itution4'0 8,delightful words ^!1 & mo/ com=table !y mu/ be to a great _m p60 ,i obs]v$4 8,we leave ! fa!rs10 resum$ ! monk1 8to ^? :o deal ) positive div9ity4#add ,z = u1 :o are ! directors ( consci5ce1 we read v little ( !m1 & quote only ! mod]n casui/s4 ,!re is ,diana1 = in/ance1 a mo/ volum9\s writ]2 he has prefix$ to 8 works a li/ ( 8 au?orities1 :i* am\nt to two hundr$ & n9ety-six1 & ! mo/ anci5t ( !m is only ab\t eighty ye>s old40 8,x w\ld appe>1 !n10 ,i rem>k$1 8t all ^! h come into ! _w s9ce ! date ( y\r ,society80 8,!reab\ts10 he repli$4 8,t is to say1 de> fa!r1 on y\r adv5t1 ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ,/4 ,*ryso/om1 ,/4 ,ambrose1 ,/4 ,j]ome1 & all ! re/1 9 s f> z morals are conc]n$1 disappe>$ f ! /age4 ,w\ld y be s k9d z let me "k ! names1 at lea/1 ( ^? mod]n au?ors :o h succe$$ !m80 8,a mo/ able & r5[n$ class ( m5 !y are10 repli$ ! monk4 8,_! names are1 ,villabolos1 ,con9k1 ,llamas1 ,a*oki]1 ,dealkoz]1 ,dellacrux1 ,v]acruz1 ,ugol91 ,tamb\r91 ,f]n&ez1 ,m>t9ez1 ,su>ez1 ,h5riquez1 ,vasquez1 ,lopez1 ,gomez1 ,san*ez1 ,de ,ve*is1 ,de ,grassis1 ,de ,grassalis1 ,de ,pitigianis1 ,de ,graphis1 ,squilanti1 ,bizoz]i1 ,b>cola1 ,de ,bobadilla1 ,siman*a1 ,p]ez de ,l>a1 ,aldretta1 ,lorca1 ,de ,sc>cia1 ,qu>anta1 ,scophra1 ,p$ezza1 ,cabrezza1 ,bisbe1 ,dias1 ,de ,clavasis1 ,villagut1 ,adam ,m&51 ,irib>ne1 ,b9sfeld1 ,volfangi ,vorb]g1 ,vo/h]y1 ,/revesdorf40#ade 8,o my de> fa!r60 cri$ ,i1 q al>m$1 87 all ^! p ,*ri/ians80 8,h[6 ,*ri/ians60 return$ ! casui/2 8did ,i n tell y t ^! are ! only writ]s by :om we n[ gov]n ,*ri/5dom80 ,deeply affect$ z ,i 0 by ?is ann\ncem5t1 ,i conceal$ my emotion f ! monk1 & only ask$ him if all ^! au?ors 7 ,jesuits8 8,no10 said he2 8b t is ( little consequ5ce2 !y h said a numb] ( good ?+s = all t4 ,x is true ! great] "p ( ^! same good ?+s are extract$ or copi$ f our au?ors1 b we d n /& on c]emony ) !m on t score1 m especially z !y are 9 ! con/ant habit ( quot+ our au?ors ) applause4 ,:5 ,diana1 = example1 :o does n belong to our ,society1 speaks ( ,vasquez1 he calls him #8t phnix ( g5ius2' & he decl>es m ?an once1 #8t ,vasquez alone is to him wor? all ! re/ ( m5 put toge!r'--in/> omnium4 ,accord+ly1 our fa!rs (t5 make use ( ?is good ,diana2 & if y und]/& our doctr9e ( probability1 y w see t ?is is no small help 9 its way4 ,9 fact1 we are anxi\s t o!rs besides ! ,jesuits w\ld r5d] _! op9ions probable1 to prev5t p f ascrib+ !m all to u2 = y w obs]ve1 t :5 any au?or1 :oev] he may be1 advances a probable op9ion1 we are entitl$1 by ! doctr9e ( probability1 to adopt x if we please2 & yet1 if ! au?or d n belong to our frat]nity1 we are n responsible = its s\ndness40 8,i und]/& all t10 said ,i4 8,x is easy to see t all are welcome t come y\r way1 except ! anci5t fa!rs2 y are ma/]s ( ! field1 & h only to walk ! c\rse4 ,b ,i =esee ?ree or f\r s]i\s difficulties & p[]ful b>ri]s :i* w oppose y\r c>e]40 8,& :at are ^!80 cri$ ! monk1 look+ q al>m$4 8,!y are1 ! ,holy ,scriptures10 ,i repli$1 8! popes1 & ! c\ncils1 :om y _c ga9say1 & :o are all 9 ! way ( ! ,gospel40#adf 8,is t all60 he exclaim$2 8,i decl>e y put me 9 a fright4 ,d y imag9e t we w\ld ov]look su* an obvi\s scruple z t1 or t we h n provid$ aga9/ x8 ,a good idea1 =soo?1 to suppose t we w\ld contradict ,scripture1 popes1 & c\ncils6 ,i mu/ conv9ce y ( y\r mi/ake2 = ,i %\ld be sorry y %\ld g away ) an impression t we are defici5t 9 our respect to ^! au?orities4 ,y h d\btless tak5 up ?is notion f "s ( ! op9ions ( our fa!rs1 :i* are app>5tly at v>iance ) _! decisions1 ?\gh 9 reality !y are n4 ,b to illu/rate ! h>mony betwe5 !m w\ld require m leisure ?an we h at pres5t2 & z ,i w\ld n l y to reta9 a bad impression ( u1 if y agree to meet ) me to-morr[1 ,i %all cle> x all up !n40 ,?us end$ our int]view1 & ?us %all end my pres5t communication1 :i* has be5 long en\gh1 besides1 = "o lett]4 ,i am sure y w be satisfi$ ) x1 9 ! prospect ( :at is =?com+4--,i am1 c4 ----- ,footnote #abh3 ,imago ,primi ,seculi4--,! "w to :i* ,pascal "h ref]s 0 pr9t$ by ! ,jesuits 9 ,fl&]s 9 ! ye> #afdj1 "u ! title ( 8,l',image du ,premi] ,sicle de la ,socit de ,jesus10 be+ a hi/ory ( ! ,society ( ! ,jesuits f ! p]iod ( its e/abli%m5t 9 #aedj--;a c5tury be=e ! publication4 ,! "w itself is v r>e1 & w\ld probably h fall5 into oblivion1 _h n ! sub/ance ( x be5 embodi$ 9 a little treatise1 itself also sc>ce1 entitl$ 8,la ,morale ,pratique des ,jsuites40 ,! small specim5 :i* ,pascal has giv5 conveys b an imp]fect idea ( ! m+l$ blasphemy & absurdity ( ?is ,jesuitical production4 ,footnote #abi3 ,isa4 xviii4 #b4 ,footnote #acj3 ,! read] is reque/$ to notice h[ completely ! *>ge br\ght aga9/ ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s by ,voltaire & o!rs is "h anticipat$ & refut$4 7,see ,hi/4 ,introduction47 ,footnote #aca3 8,x mu/ be obs]v$ t mo/ ( ^? ,jesuits :o 7 s sev]e 9 _! writ+s1 7 less s t[>ds _! p5it5ts4 ,x has be5 said ( ,b\rdal\e himself t if he requir$ too mu* 9 ! pulpit1 he abat$ x 9 ! confessional *air3 a new /roke ( policy well und]/ood on ! "p ( ! ,jesuits1 inasmu* z speculative sev]ity suits p]sons ( rigid morals1 & practical condesc5sion attracts ! multitude40 7,d',alemb]t1 ,acc\nt ( ,de/4 ( ,jesuits1 p4 #dd47 ,footnote #acb3 ,petau 0 "o ( ! obscure writ]s :o 7 employ$ by ! ,jesuits to publi% defamatory libels aga9/ ,m4 ,arnauld & ! bi%ops :o approv$ ( 8 book on ,frequ5t ,communion4 7,c\drette1 ii4 #dbf47 ,footnote #acc3 ,! policy to :i* ,pascal ref]s 0 introduc$ by ,mat!w ,ricci1 an ,italian ,jesuit1 :o succe$$ ! fam\s ,francis ,xavi] 9 attempt+ to conv]t ! ,*9ese4 ,ricci decl>$ t1 aft] consult+ ! writ+s ( ! ,*9ese lit]ati1 he 0 p]suad$ t ! ,xamti & ,ca*9*oam ( ! m&>9s 7 m]ely o!r names = ! ,k+ ( ,heav51 & t ! idolatries ( ! natives 7 h>mless civil c]emonies4 ,he !re=e all[$ 8 conv]ts to practise !m1 on ! condition m5tion$ 9 ! text4 ,9 #afca1 "s new palad9s ( ! ord]s ( ,dom9ic & ,francis1 :o came f ! ,philipp9e ,isl&s to %>e 9 ! spiritual conque/ ( t va/ empire1 7 griev\sly sc&aliz$ at ! mon/r\s compromise betwe5 ,*ri/ianity & idolatry tol]at$ by ! foll[]s ( ,loyola1 & c>ri$ _! compla9ts to ,rome4 ,! result is illu/rative ( ! papal policy4 ,pope ,innoc5t ,x4 condemn$ ! ,jesuitical policy2 ,pope ,alex&] ,,vii41 9 #afef 7:5 ?is lett] 0 writt57 sanction$ x2 & 9 #affi1 ,pope ,clem5t ,,ix4 orda9$ t ! decrees ( bo? ( 8 pr$ecessors %\ld cont9ue 9 full =ce4 ,! ,jesuits1 avail+ !mselves ( ?is susp5se1 paid no reg>d ei!r to ! popes or _! rival ord]s1 ! ,dom9icans & ,franciscans1 :o1 9 ! p]secutions :i* ensu$1 always came (f ) ! wor/4 7,c\drette1 iv4 #bha2 ,hi/4 ( ,d4 ,ign4 ,loyola1 pp4 #ig-aab47 ,! prescription giv5 to ! ,jesuits by ! c>d9als1 to expose ! image ( ! crucifix 9 _! *ur*es1 appe>s to u a sort ( homopa?ic cure1 v little bett] ?an ! disease4 ,bossuet1 & o!rs :o h tri$ to s(t5 d[n ! doctr9es ( ,rome1 w\ld repres5t ! wor%ip o/5sibly paid to ! crucifix z really paid to ,*ri/1 :o is repres5t$ by x4 ,b ev5 ?is does n accord ) ! det]m9ation ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 :i* decl>$ ( images ,eisque v5]ationem imp]ti5dam2 or ) ,bell>m9e :o devotes a *apt] expressly to prove t true & prop] wor%ip is to be giv5 to images4 7,/ill+fleet on ,pop]y1 by ,dr4 ,cunn+ham1 p4 #gg47 ,footnote #acd3 ,l5t4 ,footnote #ace3 8,accord+ to ! rules ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic fa/1 "o meal alone is all[$ on a fa/-day4 ,_m1 h[ev]1 fall (f be=e ! end ( ,l5t1 & take to _! breakfa/ & supp]s1 "u ! sanction ( "s good-natur$ doctor1 :o decl>es fa/+ injuri\s to _! heal?40 7,blanco ,:ite1 ,lett]s f ,spa91 p4 #bgb47 ,footnote #acf3 ,fa!r ,anto9e ,escob> ( ,m5doza 0 a ,jesuit ( ,spa91 & born at ,valladolid 9 #aehi1 :]e he di$ 9 #affi4 ,8 pr9cipal "w is 8 8,exposition ( ,uncontrov]t$ ,op9ions 9 ,moral ,!ology10 9 six volumes4 ,x ab\nds ) ! mo/ lic5ti\s doctr9es1 & be+ a compilation f num]\s ,jesuitical writ]s1 af=d$ a ri* field = ! satire ( ,pascal4 ,! *>act]i/ic absurdity ( ?is au?or is1 t 8 que/ions uni=mly exhibit two faces--an affirmative & a negative2--s t escob>d]ie became a synonym 9 ,france = duplicity4 7,biographie ,pittoresque des ,jesuites1 p> ,m4 ,c4 de ,plancy1 ,p>is1 #ahbf1 p4 #ch47 ,nicole tells u t he _h 9 8 possession a portrait ( ! casui/ :i* gave him a 8resolute & decisive ca/ ( c\nt5ance0--n exactly :at might h be5 expect$ f 8 d\ble-fac$ que/ions4 ,8 fri5ds describe ,escob> z a good man1 a labori\s /ud5t1 & v dev\t 9 8 way4 ,x is said t1 :5 he he>d t 8 "n & writ+s 7 s frequ5tly notic$ 9 ! ,prov9cial ,lett]s1 he 0 q ov]joy$ to ?9k t 8 fame w\ld ext5d z f> z ! little lett]s _h done4 ,boileau has celebrat$ him 9 ! foll[+ c\plet3-- ,si ,b\rdal\e un peu svre1 ,n\s dit1 craignez la volupt3 ,escob>1 lui dit-on1 mon pre1 ,n\s la p]met p\r la sant4 8,if ,b\rdal\e1 a little too sev]e1 ,cries1 ,fly f pleasure's fatal fasc9ation ,de> ,fa!r1 cries ano!r1 ,escoba1 ,p]mits x z a heal?y relaxation40 ,footnote #acg3 ,f\r celebrat$ casui/s4 ,footnote #ach3 ,hippocrass--a m$icat$ w9e4 ,footnote #aci3 ,all p]sons above ! age ( "o-&-tw5ty are b\nd to obs]ve ! rules ( ! ,roman ,ca?olic fa/ dur+ ,l5t4 ,! obligation ( fa/+ beg9s at midnight1 j :5 ! lead+ clock ( e t[n /rikes twelve4 7,lett]s f ,spa91 p4 #bgj47 ,footnote #adj3 ,ad insequ5dam amicam4 7,tom4 ii4 tr4 #bg1 "p #b1 c4 #f1 n4 #adc47 ,! accuracy ) :i* ! ref]5ces are made to ! writ+s ( ^! casui/s %[s any?+ b a design to g>ble or misrepres5t !m4 ,footnote #ada3 ,9 ! te*nical language ( !ology1 an 8occasion ( s90 is any situation or c\rse ( conduct :i* has a t5d5cy to induce ! commission ( s94 8,proximate occasions0 are ^? :i* h a direct & imm$iate t5d5cy ( ?is k9d4 ,footnote #adb3 8,! casui/s are divid$ into ,probabili/ & ,probabiliori/4 ,! fir/1 among :om 7 ! ,jesuits1 ma9ta9 t a c]ta9 degree ( probability z to ! lawfulness ( an action is en\gh to secure aga9/ s94 ,! second1 support$ by ! ,dom9icans & ! ,jans5i/s 7a k9d ( ,ca?olic ,calv9i/s condemn$ by ! ,*ur*71 insi/ on always tak+ ! safe/ or mo/ probable side4 ,! ,fr5* prov]b1 ,le mieux e/ l'ennemi1 du bi51 is p]fectly applicable to ! practical effects ( ^! two sy/ems 9 ,spa940 7,lett]s f ,spa91 p4 #bgg47 ,nicole has a long diss]tation on ! subject 9 8 ,notes on ?is ,lett]4 ,footnote #adc3 8,:5 "o god presses h>d1 ano!r br+s relief40 ,footnote #add3 ,9 ! twelf? c5tury1 9 consequ5ce ( ! writ+s ( ,pet] ,lomb>d1 commonly call$ ! 8,ma/] ( ! ,s5t5ces10 ! ,*ri/ian doctors 7 divid$ into two classes--! ,positive or dogmatic1 & ! ,s*ola/ic div9es4 ,! ,positive div9es1 :o 7 ! tea*]s ( sy/ematic div9ity1 exp\nd$1 ?\gh 9 a wret*$ mann]1 ! ,sacr$ ,writ+s1 & confirm$ _! s5tim5ts by ,scripture & tradition4 ,! s*ola/ics1 in/ead ( ! ,bible1 expla9$ ! book ( ,s5t5ces1 indulg+ 9 ! mo/ idle & ridicul\s speculations4--8,! practice ( *oos+ a c]ta9 prie/1 n only to be ! occasional confessor1 b ! director ( ! consci5ce1 0 greatly enc\rag$ by ! ,jesuits40 7,lett]s f ,spa91 p4 #hi47 ,footnote #ade3 ,9 ?is extraord9>y li/ ( obscure & n[ =gott5 casui/ical writ]s1 mo/ ( !m belong+ to ,spa91 ,portugal1 & ,fl&]s1 ! art ( ! au?or lies 9 /r++ toge!r ! mo/ outl&i% names he c\ld collect1 rang+ !m mo/ly accord+ to _! t]m9ations1 & plac+ !m 9 contra/ ) ! v5]able & well-kn[n names ( ! anci5t fa!rs4 ,to a ,fr5* e> ^! names mu/ h s\nd$ z unc\? & b>b>\s z ^? ( ! ,scot* :i* ,milton has satiriz$ to ! e> ( an ,engli%man3-- 8,cries ! /all-read]1 #8,bless u6 :at a ^w on ,a title-page is ?is6' ,:y1 is x h>d]1 sirs1 ?an ,gordon1 ,colkitto1 or ,macdonnel1 or ,galasp8 ,^? rugg$ names to our l m\?s gr[ sleek1 ,t w\ld h made ,qu9tilian />e & gasp40 7,milton's ,m9or ,poems47 ,footnote #adf3 ,t is1 !y 7 all1 9 ,pascal's op9ion1 favorable to ! ,gospel s*eme ( morality4 ,,lett] ,,vi4 ,,v>i\s ,,artifices ,,( ,,! ,,jesuits ,,to ,,elude ,,! ,,au?ority ,,( ,,! ,,gospel1 ,,( ,,c\ncils1 ,,& ,,( ,,! ,,popes--,,"s ,,consequ5ces ,,:i* ,,result ,,f ,,_! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,probability--,,_! ,,relaxation ,,9 ,,favor ,,( ,,b5efici>ies1 ,,prie/s1 ,,monks1 ,,& ,,dome/ics--,,/ory ,,( ,,john ,d',,alba4 ,,p>is1 ,april #aj1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,i m5tion$1 at ! close ( my la/ lett]1 t my good fri5d ! ,jesuit _h promis$ to %[ me h[ ! casui/s reconcile ! contr>ieties betwe5 _! op9ions & ! decisions ( ! popes1 ! c\ncils1 & ! ,scripture4 ,?is promise he fulfill$ at our la/ int]view1 ( :i* ,i %all n[ give y an acc\nt4 8,"o ( ! me?ods10 resum$ ! monk1 89 :i* we reconcile ^! app>5t contradictions1 is by ! int]pretation ( "s phrase4 ,?us1 ,pope ,gregory ,,xiv4 decid$ t assass9s are n wor?y to enjoy ! b5efit ( sanctu>y 9 *ur*es1 & ought to be dragg$ out ( !m2 & yet our f\r-&-tw5ty eld]s affirm t #8! p5alty ( ?is bull is n incurr$ by all ^? t kill 9 trea*]y4' ,?is may appe> to y a contradiction2 b we get ov] ?is by int]pret+ ! ^w assass9 z foll[s3 #8,are assass9s unwor?y ( sanctu>y 9 *ur*es8 ,yes1 by ! bull ( ,gregory ,,xiv4 !y are4 ,b by ! ^w assass9s we und]/& ^? t h receiv$ money to murd] "o2 & accord+ly1 su* z kill )\t tak+ any rew>d = ! de$1 b m]ely to oblige _! fri5ds1 d n come "u ! category ( assass9s4'0 8,take ano!r in/ance3 ,x is said 9 ! ,gospel1 #8,give alms ( y\r sup]fluity4'#adg ,sev]al ,casui/s1 h[ev]1 h contriv$ to dis*>ge ! weal?ie/ f ! obligation ( alms-giv+4 ,?is may appe> ano!r p>adox1 b ! matt] is easily put to rights by giv+ su* an int]pretation to ! ^w sup]fluity t x w seldom or nev] happ5 t any "o is tr\bl$ ) su* an article4 ,?is feat has be5 accompli%$ by ! le>n$ ,vasquez1 9 8 ,treatise on ,alms1 c4 #d3 #8,:at m5 ( ! _w lay up to improve _! circum/ances1 or ^? ( _! relatives1 _c be t]m$ sup]fluity2 & accord+ly1 su* a ?+ z sup]fluity is seldom to be f\nd among m5 ( ! _w1 n ev5 except+ k+s4' ,diana1 too1 :o g5]ally f\nds on our fa!rs1 hav+ quot$ ^! words ( ,vasquez1 ju/ly concludes1 #8t z to ! "q :e!r ! ri* are b\nd to give alms ( _! sup]fluity1 ev5 ?\gh ! affirmative 7 true1 x w seldom or nev] happ5 to be obligatory 9 practice4'0 8,i see v well h[ t foll[s f ! doctr9e ( ,vasquez10 said ,i4 8,b h[ w\ld y answ] ?is objection1 t1 9 work+ out "o's salvation1 x w\ld be z safe1 accord+ to ,vasquez1 to give no alms1 provid$ "o c mu/] z mu* ambition z to h no sup]fluity2 z x is safe1 accord+ to ! ,gospel1 to h no ambition at all1 9 ord] to h "s sup]fluity = ! purpose ( alms-giv+80#adh 8,:y10 return$ he1 8! answ] w\ld be1 t bo? ( ^! ways are safe accord+ to ! ,gospel2 ! "o accord+ to ! ,gospel 9 its m lit]al & obvi\s s5se1 & ! o!r accord+ to ! same ,gospel z int]pret$ by ,vasquez4 ,!re y see ! utility ( int]pretations4 ,:5 ! t]ms are s cle>1 h[ev]10 he cont9u$1 8z n to admit ( an int]pretation1 we h rec\rse to ! obs]vation ( favorable circum/ances4 ,a s+le example w illu/rate ?is4 ,! popes h d5\nc$ excommunication on monks :o lay aside _! canonicals2 our casui/s1 not)/&+1 put x z a "q1 #8,on :at occasions may a monk lay aside 8 religi\s habit )\t incurr+ excommunication8' ,!y m5tion a numb] ( cases 9 :i* !y may1 & among o!rs ! foll[+3 #8,if he has laid x aside = an infam\s purpose1 su* z to pick pockets or to g incognito into haunts ( pr(ligacy1 mean+ %ortly aft] to resume x4' ,x is evid5t ! bulls h no ref]5ce to cases ( t description40 ,i c\ld h>dly believe t1 & begg$ ! fa!r to %[ me ! passage 9 ! orig9al4 ,he did s1 & "u ! *apt] head$ 8,practice accord+ to ! ,s*ool ( ! ,society ( ,jesus0--,praxis ex ,societatis ,jesu ,s*ola--,i read ^! v words3 ,si habitum dimittat ut furetur occulte1 vel =nicetur4 ,he %[$ me ! same ?+ 9 ,diana1 9 ^! t]ms3 ,ut eat incognitus ad lupan>4 8,& :y1 fa!r10 ,i ask$1 8are !y dis*>g$ f excommunication on su* occasions80 8,don't y und]/& x80 he repli$4 8,only ?9k :at a sc&al x w\ld be1 7 a monk surpris$ 9 su* a pr$icam5t ) 8 canonicals on6 ,& h y nev] he>d10 he cont9u$1 8h[ !y answ] ! fir/ bull contra sollicitantes8 & h[ our f\r-&-tw5ty1 9 ano!r *apt] ( ! ,practice accord+ to ! ,s*ool ( our ,society1 expla9 ! bull ( ,pius ,v4 contra cl]icos1 c480#adi 8,i "k no?+ ab\t all t10 said ,i4 8,!n x is a sign y h n read mu* ( ,escob>10 return$ ! monk4 8,i got him only ye/]day1 fa!r10 said ,i2 8& ,i _h no small difficulty1 too1 9 procur+ a copy4 ,i don't "k h[ x is1 b ev]ybody ( late has be5 9 se>* ( him40#aej 8,! passage to :i* ,i ref]r$10 return$ ! monk1 8may be f\nd 9 treatise #a1 example #h1 no4 #ajb4 ,consult x at y\r leisure :5 y g home40 ,i did s t v night2 b x is s %ock+ly bad1 t ,i d>e n transcribe x4 ,! good fa!r !n w5t on to say3 8,y n[ und]/& :at use we make ( favorable circum/ances4 ,sometimes1 h[ev]1 ob/9ate cases w occur1 :i* w n admit ( ?is mode ( adju/m5t2 s mu* s1 inde$1 t y w\ld almo/ suppose !y involv$ flat contradictions4 ,= example1 ?ree popes h decid$ t monks :o are b\nd by a p>ticul> v[ to a ,l5t5 life1#aea _c be absolv$ f x ev5 ?\gh !y %\ld become bi%ops4 ,& yet ,diana av]s t not)/&+ ?is decision !y are absolv$40 8,& h[ does he reconcile t80 said ,i4 8,by ! mo/ subtle ( all ! mod]n me?ods1 & by ! nice/ possible application ( probability10 repli$ ! monk4 8,y may recollect y 7 told ! o!r day1 t ! affirmative & negative ( mo/ op9ions h ea*1 accord+ to our doctors1 "s probability--en\gh1 at lea/1 to be foll[$ ) a safe consci5ce4 ,n t ! pro & con are bo? true 9 ! same s5se--t is impossible--b only !y are bo? probable1 & !re=e safe1 z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,on ?is pr9ciple our wor?y fri5d ,diana rem>ks3 #8,to ! decision ( ^! ?ree popes1 :i* is contr>y to my op9ion1 ,i answ]1 t !y spoke 9 ?is way by adh]+ to ! affirmative side--:i*1 9 fact1 ev5 9 my judgm5t1 is probable2 b x does n foll[ f ?is t ! negative may n h its probability too4' ,& 9 ! same treatise1 speak+ ( ano!r subject on :i* he aga9 diff]s f a pope1 he says3 #8,! pope1 ,i grant1 has said x z ! head ( ! ,*ur*2 b 8 decision does n ext5d beyond ! sph]e ( ! probability ( 8 own op9ion4' ,n[ y p]ceive ?is is n do+ any h>m to ! op9ions ( ! popes2 su* a ?+ w\ld nev] be tol]at$ at ,rome1 :]e ,diana is 9 high repute4 ,= he does n say t :at ! popes h decid$ is n probable2 b leav+ _! op9ion )9 ! sph]e ( probability1 he m]ely says t ! contr>y is also probable40 8,t is v respectful10 said ,i4 8,yes10 add$ ! monk1 8& r m +5i\s ?an ! reply made by ,fa!r ,bauny1 :5 8 books 7 c5sur$ at ,rome2 = :5 pu%$ v h>d on ?is po9t by ,m4 ,halli]1 he made bold to write3 #8,:at has ! c5sure ( ,rome to d ) t ( ,france8' ,y n[ see h[1 ei!r by ! int]pretation ( t]ms1 by ! obs]vation ( favorable circum/ances1 or by ! aid ( ! d\ble probability ( pro & con1 we always contrive to reconcile ^? seem+ contradictions :i* occasion$ y s mu* surprise1 )\t ev] t\*+ on ! decisions ( ,scripture1 c\ncils1 or popes40 8,rev]5d fa!r10 said ,i1 8h[ happy ! _w is 9 hav+ su* m5 z y = its ma/]s6 ,& :at bless+s are ^! probabilities6 ,i nev] knew ! reason :y y took su* pa9s to e/abli% t a s+le doctor1 if a grave "o1 might r5d] an op9ion probable1 & t ! contr>y might be s too1 & t "o may *oose any side "o pleases1 ev5 ?\gh he does n believe x to be ! "r side1 & all ) su* a safe consci5ce1 t ! confessor :o %\ld refuse him absolution on ! fai? ( ! casui/s w\ld be 9 a /ate ( damnation4 ,b ,i see n[ t a s+le casui/ may make new rules ( morality at 8 discretion1 & dispose1 accord+ to 8 fancy1 ( ev]y?+ p]ta9+ to ! regulation ( mann]s40 8,:at y h n[ said10 rejo9$ ! fa!r1 8w\ld require to be modifi$ a little4 ,pay att5tion n[1 :ile ,i expla9 our me?od1 & y w obs]ve ! progress ( a new op9ion1 f its bir? to its maturity4 ,fir/1 ! grave doctor :o inv5t$ x exhibits x to ! _w1 ca/+ x abroad l se$1 t x may take root4 ,9 ?is /ate x is v feeble2 x requires "t gradually to rip54 ,?is acc\nts = ,diana1 :o has introduc$ a great _m ( ^! op9ions1 say+3 #8,i advance ?is op9ion2 b z x is new1 ,i give x "t to come to maturity--rel9quo tempori matur&um4' ,?us 9 a few ye>s x becomes ins5sibly consolidat$2 & aft] a consid]able "t x is sanction$ by ! tacit approbation ( ! ,*ur*1 accord+ to ! gr& maxim ( ,fa!r ,bauny1 #8t if an op9ion has be5 advanc$ by "s casui/1 & has n be5 impugn$ by ! ,*ur*1 x is a sign t %e approves ( x4' ,&1 9 fact1 on ?is pr9ciple he au!nticates "o ( 8 own pr9ciples 9 8 six? treatise1 p4 #cab40 8,inde$1 fa!r60 cri$ ,i1 8:y1 on ?is pr9ciple ! ,*ur* w\ld approve ( all ! abuses :i* %e tol]ates1 & all ! errors 9 all ! books :i* %e does n c5sure60 8,dispute ! po9t ) ,fa!r ,bauny10 he repli$4 8,i am m]ely quot+ 8 words1 & y beg9 to qu>rel ) me4 ,!re is no disput+ ) facts1 sir4 ,well1 z ,i 0 say+1 :5 "t has ?us matur$ an op9ion1 x !nce=? becomes completely probable & safe4 ,h5ce ! le>n$ ,c>amuel1 9 d$icat+ 8 ,fundam5tal ,!ology to ,diana1 decl>es t ?is great ,diana has r5d]$ _m op9ions probable :i* 7 n s be=e--qu antea non erant2 & t1 !re=e1 9 foll[+ !m1 p]sons d n s9 n[1 ?\gh !y w\ld h s9n$ =m]ly--jam non peccant1 licet ante peccav]9t40 8,truly1 fa!r10 ,i obs]v$1 8x mu/ be wor? "o's :ile liv+ 9 ! neighborhood ( y\r doctors4 ,:y1 ( two individuals :o d ! same actions1 he t kn[s no?+ ab\t _! doctr9e s9s1 :ile he t kn[s x does no s94 ,x seems1 !n1 t _! doctr9e possesses at once an edify+ & a ju/ify+ virtue6 ,! law ( ,god1 accord+ to ,/4 ,paul1 made transgressors2#aeb b ?is law ( y\rs makes ne>ly all ( u innoc5t4 ,i besee* y1 my de> sir1 let me "k all ab\t x4 ,i w n leave y till y h told me all ! maxims :i* y\r casui/s h e/abli%$40 8,alas60 ! monk exclaim$1 8our ma9 object1 no d\bt1 %\ld h be5 to e/abli% no o!r maxims ?an ^? ( ! ,gospel 9 all _! /rictness3 & x is easy to see1 f ! ,rules = ! regulation ( our mann]s1#aec t if we tol]ate "s degree ( relaxation 9 o!rs1 x is r out ( complaisance ?an ?r\gh design4 ,! tru? is1 sir1 we are =c$ to x4 ,m5 h arriv$ at su* a pit* ( corruption n[-a-days1 t unable to make !m come to u1 we mu/ e'en g to !m1 o!rwise !y w\ld ca/ u (f altoge!r2 & :at is worse1 !y w\ld become p]fect ca/aways4 ,x is to reta9 su* *>act]s z ^! t our casui/s h tak5 "u consid]ation ! vices to :i* p ( v>i\s conditions are mo/ addict$1 ) ! view ( lay+ d[n maxims :i*1 :ile !y _c be said to violate ! tru?1 are s g5tle t he mu/ be a v impracticable subject inde$ :o is n pleas$ ) !m4 ,! gr& project ( our ,society1 = ! good ( religion1 is nev] to repulse any "o1 let him be :at he may1 & s avoid driv+ p to despair4#aed 8,!y h got maxims1 !re=e1 = all sorts ( p]sons2 = b5efici>ies1 = prie/s1 = monks2 = g5tlem51 = s]vants2 = ri* m51 = comm]cial m52 = p 9 emb>rass$ or indig5t circum/ances2 = dev\t wom51 & wom5 t are n dev\t2 = m>ri$ p1 & irregul> p4 ,9 %ort1 no?+ has escap$ _! =esight40 8,9 o!r words10 said ,i1 8!y h got maxims = ! cl]gy1 ! nobility1 & ! commons4#aee ,well1 ,i am q impati5t to he> !m40 8,let u comm5ce10 resum$ ! fa!r1 8) ! b5efici>ies4 ,y are aw>e ( ! traffic ) b5efices t is n[ c>ri$ on1 & t 7 ! matt] ref]r$ to ,/4 ,?omas & ! anci5ts :o h writt5 on x1 !re might *ance to be "s simoniacs 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,?is r5d]$ x highly necess>y = our fa!rs to ex]cise _! prud5ce 9 f9d+ out a palliative4 ,) :at success !y h done s w appe> f ! foll[+ words ( ,val5cia1 :o is "o ( ,escob>'s #8f\r liv+ creatures4' ,at ! end ( a long disc\rse1 9 :i* he sugge/s v>i\s exp$i5ts1 he prop\nds ! foll[+ at page #bjci1 vol4 iii41 :i*1 to my m9d1 is ! be/3 #8,if a p]son gives a temporal 9 ex*ange = a spiritual good'--t is1 if he gives money = a b5efice--#8& gives ! money z ! price ( ! b5efice1 x is manife/ simony4 ,b if he gives x m]ely z ! motive :i* incl9es ! w ( ! patron to conf] on him ! liv+1 x is n simony1 ev5 ?\gh ! p]son :o conf]s x consid]s & expects ! money z ! pr9cipal object4' ,tann]1 :o is also a memb] ( our ,society1 affirms ! same ?+1 vol4 iii41 p4 #aeai1 al?\gh he #8grants t ,/4 ,?omas is oppos$ to x2 = he expressly tea*es t x is always simony to give a spiritual = a temporal good1 if ! temporal is ! end 9 view4' ,by ?is means we prev5t an imm5se numb] ( simoniacal transactions2 = :o w\ld be s desp]ately wick$ z to refuse1 :5 giv+ money = a b5efice1 to take ! simple precaution ( s direct+ 8 int5tions z to give x z a motive to induce ! b5efici>y to "p ) x1 in/ead ( giv+ x z ! price ( ! b5efice8 ,no man1 surely1 c be s f> left to himself z t w\ld come to40 8,i agree ) y !re10 ,i repli$2 8all m51 ,i %\ld ?9k1 h suffici5t grace to make a b>ga9 ( t sort40 8,!re c be no d\bt ( x10 return$ ! monk4 8,su*1 !n1 is ! way 9 :i* we s(t5 matt]s 9 reg>d to ! b5efici>ies4 ,& n[ = ! prie/s--we h maxims pretty favorable to !m also4 ,take ! foll[+1 = example1 f our f\r-&-tw5ty eld]s3 #8,c a prie/1 :o has receiv$ money to say a mass1 take an additional sum ^u ! same mass8 ,yes1 says ,filiutius1 he may1 by apply+ t "p ( ! sacrifice :i* belongs to himself z a prie/ to ! p]son :o paid him la/2 provid$ he does n take a sum equival5t to a :ole mass1 b only a "p1 su* z ! ?ird ( a mass4'0 8,surely1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8?is mu/ be "o ( ^? cases 9 :i* ! pro & ! con h bo? _! %>e ( probability4 ,:at y h n[ /at$ _c fail1 ( c\rse1 to be probable1 hav+ ! au?ority ( su* m5 z ,filiutius & ,escob>2 & yet1 leav+ t )9 ! sph]e ( probability1 x /rikes me t ! contr>y op9ion might be made out to be probable too1 & might be support$ by su* reasons z ! foll[+3 ,t1 :ile ! ,*ur* all[s prie/s :o are 9 poor circum/ances to take money = _! masses1 see+ x is b "r t ^? :o s]ve at ! alt> %\ld live by ! alt>1 %e nev] int5d$ t !y %\ld b>t] ! sacrifice = money1#aef & /ill less1 t !y %\ld deprive !mselves ( ^? b5efits :i* !y ought !mselves1 9 ! fir/ place1 to draw f x2 to :i* ,i might add1 t1 accord+ to ,/4 ,paul1 ! prie/s are to (f] sacrifice fir/ = !mselves1 & !n = ! p2#aeg & t accord+ly1 :ile p]mitt$ to p>ticipate ) o!rs 9 ! b5efit ( ! sacrifice1 !y are n at lib]ty to =ego _! %>e1 by transf]r+ x to ano!r = a ?ird ( a mass1 or1 9 o!r words1 = ! matt] ( f\rp5ce or fivep5ce4 ,v]ily1 fa!r1 little z ,i pret5d to be a grave man1 ,i might contrive to make ?is op9ion probable40 8,x w\ld co/ y no great pa9s to d t10 repli$ ! monk2 8x is visibly probable already4 ,! difficulty lies 9 discov]+ probability 9 ! conv]se ( op9ions manife/ly good2 & ?is is a feat :i* none b great m5 c a*ieve4 ,fa!r ,bauny %9es 9 ?is dep>tm5t4 ,x is really delightful to see t le>n$ casui/ exam9+ ) *>act]i/ic +5uity & subtlety1 ! negative & affirmative ( ! same "q1 & prov+ bo? ( !m to be "r6 ,?us 9 ! matt] ( prie/s1 he says 9 "o place3 #8,no law c be made to oblige ! curates to say mass e day2 = su* a law w\ld unque/ionably 7haud dubi7 expose !m to ! dang] ( say+ x sometimes 9 mortal s94' ,& yet 9 ano!r "p ( ! same treatise1 he says1 #8t prie/s :o h receiv$ money = say+ mass e day ought to say x e day1 & t !y _c excuse !mselves on ! gr\nd t !y are n always 9 a fit /ate = ! s]vice2 because x is 9 _! p[] at all times to d p5ance1 & if !y neglect ?is !y h !mselves to blame = x1 & n ! p]son :o made !m say mass4' ,& to relieve _! m9ds f all scruples on ! subject1 he ?us resolves ! "q3 #8,may a prie/ say mass on ! same day 9 :i* he has committ$ a mortal s9 ( ! wor/ k9d1 9 ! way ( confess+ himself be=eh&8' ,villabolos says ,no1 because ( 8 impurity2 b ,sancius says1 ,he may )\t any s92 & ,i hold 8 op9ion to be safe1 & "o :i* may be foll[$ 9 practice--et tuta et sequ5da 9 praxi40#aeh 8,foll[ ?is op9ion 9 practice60 cri$ ,i4 8,w any prie/ :o has fall5 into su* irregul>ities1 h ! assurance on ! same day to approa* ! alt>1 on ! m]e ^w ( ,fa!r ,bauny8 ,is he n b\nd to submit to ! anci5t laws ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* deb>r$ f ! sacrifice =ev]1 or at lea/ = a long "t1 prie/s :o _h committ$ s9s ( t description--in/ead ( foll[+ ! mod]n op9ions ( casui/s1 :o w\ld admit him to x on ! v day t witness$ 8 fall80 8,y h a v %ort memory10 return$ ! monk4 8,did ,i n in=m y a little ago t1 accord+ to our fa!rs ,cellot & ,reg9ald1 #89 matt]s ( morality we are to foll[1 n ! anci5t fa!rs1 b ! mod]n casui/s8'0 8,i rememb] x p]fectly10 said ,i2 8b we h some?+ m "h3 we h ! laws ( ! ,*ur*40 8,true10 he repli$2 8b ?is %[s y d n "k ano!r capital maxim ( our fa!rs1 #8t ! laws ( ! ,*ur* lose _! au?ority :5 !y h gone into desuetude'--cum jam desuetud9e abi]unt--z ,filiutius says4#aei ,we "k ! pres5t exig5cies ( ! ,*ur* mu* bett] ?an ! anci5ts c\ld d4 ,7 we to be s /rict 9 exclud+ prie/s f ! alt>1 y c und]/& !re w\ld n be su* a great numb] ( masses4 ,n[ a multitude ( masses br+s su* a rev5ue ( glory to ,god & ( good to s\ls1 t ,i may v5ture to say1 ) ,fa!r ,cellot1 t !re w\ld n be too _m prie/s1 #8?\gh n only all m5 & wom51 7 t possible1 b ev5 inanimate bodies1 & ev5 brute bea/s--bruta animalia--7 trans=m$ into prie/s to celebrate mass4'0#afj ,i 0 s a/\nd$ at ! extravagance ( ?is imag9ation1 t ,i c\ld n utt] a ^w1 & all[$ him to g on ) 8 disc\rse4 8,en\gh1 h[ev]1 ab\t prie/s2 ,i am afraid ( gett+ t$i\s3 let u come to ! monks4 ,! gr& difficulty ) !m is ! ob$i5ce !y owe to _! sup]iors2 n[ obs]ve ! palliative :i* our fa!rs apply 9 ?is case4 ,ca/ro ,palao#afa ( our ,society has said3 #8,beyond all dispute1 a monk :o has a probable op9ion ( 8 own1 is n b\nd to obey 8 sup]ior1 ?\gh ! op9ion ( ! latt] is ! m probable4 ,= ! monk is at lib]ty to adopt ! op9ion :i* is m agreeable to himself--qu sibi gratior fu]it--z ,san*ez says4 ,& ?\gh ! ord] ( 8 sup]ior be j1 t does n oblige y to obey him1 = x is n j at all po9ts or 9 e respect--non undequaqu j prcepit--b only probably s2 & consequ5tly1 y are only probably b\nd to obey him1 & probably n b\nd--probabilit] obligatus1 et probabilit] deobligatus4'0 8,c]ta9ly1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8x is impossible too highly to e/imate ?is preci\s fruit ( ! d\ble probability40 8,x is ( great use inde$10 he repli$2 8b we mu/ be brief4 ,let me only give y ! foll[+ specim5 ( our fam\s ,mol9a 9 favor ( monks :o are expell$ f _! conv5ts = irregul>ities4 ,escob> quotes him ?us3 #8,mol9a ass]ts t a monk expell$ f 8 mona/]y is n oblig$ to re=m 9 ord] to get back aga91 & t he is no long] b\nd by 8 v[ ( ob$i5ce4'0 8,well1 fa!r10 cri$ ,i1 8?is is all v com=table = ! cl]gy4 ,y\r casui/s1 ,i p]ceive1 h be5 v indulg5t to !m1 & no wond]--!y 7 legislat+1 s to speak1 = !mselves4 ,i am afraid p ( o!r conditions are n s lib]ally treat$4 ,e "o = himself 9 ?is _w40 8,!re y d u wrong10 return$ ! monk2 8!y c\ld n h be5 k9d] to !mselves ?an we h be5 to !m4 ,we treat all1 f ! highe/ to ! l[e/1 ) an ev5-h&$ *>ity1 sir4 ,& to prove ?is1 y tempt me to tell y our maxims = s]vants4 ,9 ref]5ce to ?is class1 we h tak5 into consid]ation ! difficulty !y mu/ exp]i5ce1 :5 !y are m5 ( consci5ce1 9 s]v+ pr(ligate ma/]s4 ,= if !y refuse to p]=m all ! err&s 9 :i* !y are employ$1 !y lose _! places2 & if !y yield ob$i5ce1 !y h _! scruples4 ,to relieve !m f ^!1 our f\r-&-tw5ty fa!rs h specifi$ ! s]vices :i* !y may r5d] ) a safe consci5ce2 su* z1 #8c>ry+ lett]s & pres5ts1 op5+ doors & w9d[s1 help+ _! ma/] to rea* ! w9d[1 hold+ ! ladd] :i* he is m\nt+4 ,all ?is1' say !y1 #8is all[able & indiff]5t2 x is true t1 z to hold+ ! ladd]1 !y mu/ be ?reat5$1 m ?an usually1 ) be+ puni%$ = refus+2 = x is do+ an injury to ! ma/] ( a h\se to ent] x by ! w9d[4' ,y p]ceive ! judici\sness ( t obs]vation1 ( c\rse80 8,i expect$ no?+ less10 said ,i1 8f a book edit$ by f\r-&-tw5ty ,jesuits40 8,b10 add$ ! monk1 8,fa!r ,bauny has gone beyond ?is2 he has taught valets h[ to p]=m ^! sorts ( (fices = _! ma/]s q innoc5tly1 by mak+ !m direct _! int5tion1 n to ! s9s to :i* !y are access>y1 b to ! ga9 :i* is to accrue f !m4 ,9 8 ,summ>y ( ,s9s1 p4 #gaj1 fir/ edition1 he ?us /ates ! matt]3 #8,let confessors obs]ve1' says he1 #8t !y _c absolve valets :o p]=m base err&s1 if !y cons5t to ! s9s ( _! ma/]s2 b ! rev]se holds true1 if !y h done ! ?+ m]ely f a reg>d to _! temporal emolum5t4' ,& t1 ,i %\ld conceive1 is no difficult matt] to d2 = :y %\ld !y insi/ on cons5t+ to s9s ( :i* !y ta/e no?+ b ! tr\ble8 ,! same ,fa!r ,bauny has e/abli%$ a prime maxim 9 favor ( ^? :o are n cont5t ) _! wages3 #8,may s]vants :o are dissatisfi$ ) _! wages1 use means to raise !m by lay+ _! h&s on z mu* ( ! prop]ty ( _! ma/]s z !y may consid] necess>y to make ! said wages equival5t to _! tr\ble8 ,!y may1 9 c]ta9 circum/ances2 z :5 !y are s poor t1 9 look+ = a situation1 !y h be5 oblig$ to accept ! (f] made to !m1 & :5 o!r s]vants ( ! same class are ga9+ m ?an !y1 else:]e4'0 8,ha1 fa!r60 cri$ ,i1 8t is ,john d',alba's passage1 ,i decl>e40 8,:at ,john d',alba80 inquir$ ! fa!r3 8:at d y mean80 8,/range1 fa!r60 return$ ,i3 8d y n rememb] :at happ5$ 9 ?is city 9 ! ye> #afdg8 ,:]e 9 ! _w 7 y liv+ at t "t80 8,i 0 tea*+ cases ( consci5ce 9 "o ( our colleges f> f ,p>is10 he repli$4 8,i see y don't "k ! /ory1 fa!r3 ,i mu/ tell x y4 ,i he>d x relat$ ! o!r day by a man ( honor1 :om ,i met 9 company4 ,he told u t ?is ,john d',alba1 :o 0 9 ! s]vice ( y\r fa!rs 9 ! ,college ( ,cl]mont1 9 ! ,rue ,/4 ,jacques1 be+ dissatisfi$ ) 8 wages1 _h purlo9$ some?+ to make himself am5ds2 & t y\r fa!rs1 on discov]+ ! !ft1 _h ?r[n him into prison on ! *>ge ( l>c5y4 ,! case 0 report$ to ! c\rt1 if ,i recollect "r1 on ! #af? ( ,april1 #afdg2 = he 0 v m9ute 9 8 /atem5ts1 & inde$ !y w\ld h>dly h be5 cr$ible o!rwise4 ,! poor fell[1 on be+ que/ion$1 confess$ to hav+ tak5 "s pewt] plates1 b ma9ta9$ t = all t he _h n /ol5 !m2 plead+ 9 8 def5ce ?is v doctr9e ( ,fa!r ,bauny1 :i* he produc$ be=e ! judges1 along ) a pamphlet by "o ( y\r fa!rs1 "u :om he _h /udi$ cases ( consci5ce1 & :o _h taught him ! same ?+4 ,:]eupon ,m4 ,de ,montr\ge1 "o ( ! mo/ respect$ memb]s ( ! c\rt1 said1 9 giv+ 8 op9ion1 #8t he did n see h[1 on ! gr\nd ( ! writ+s ( ^! fa!rs--writ+s conta9+ a doctr9e s illegal1 p]nici\s1 & contr>y to all laws1 natural1 div9e1 & human1 & calculat$ to ru9 all families1 & sanction all sorts ( h\sehold robb]y--!y c\ld dis*>ge ! accus$4 ,b 8 op9ion 01 t ?is too fai?ful disciple %\ld be :ipp$ be=e ! college gate1 by ! h& ( ! common hangman2 & t1 at ! same "t1 ?is function>y %\ld burn ! writ+s ( ^! fa!rs :i* treat$ ( l>c5y1 ) c]tification t !y 7 prohibit$ f tea*+ su* doctr9e 9 future1 ^u pa9 ( dea?4' 8,! result ( ?is judgm5t1 :i* 0 he>tily approv$ (1 0 wait$ = ) mu* curiosity :5 "s incid5t occurr$ :i* made !m delay proc$ure4 ,b 9 ! mean "t ! prison] disappe>$1 nobody knew h[1 & no?+ m 0 he>d ab\t ! affair2 s t ,john d',alba got (f1 pewt] plates & all4 ,su* 0 ! acc\nt he gave u1 to :i* he add$1 t ! judgm5t ( ,m4 ,de ,montr\ge 0 ent]$ on ! records ( ! c\rt1 :]e any "o may consult x4 ,we 7 highly amus$ at ! /ory40 8,:at are y trifl+ ab\t n[80 cri$ ! monk4 8,:at does all t signify8 ,i 0 expla9+ ! maxims ( our casui/s1 & 0 j go+ to speak ( ^? relat+ to g5tlem51 :5 y int]rupt me ) imp]t95t /ories40 8,x 0 only some?+ put 9 by ! way1 fa!r10 ,i obs]v$2 8& besides1 ,i 0 anxi\s to apprize y ( an important circum/ance1 :i* ,i f9d y h ov]look$ 9 e/abli%+ y\r doctr9e ( probability40 8,ay1 inde$60 exclaim$ ! monk1 8:at defect c ?is be1 t has escap$ ! notice ( s _m +5i\s m580 8,y h c]ta9ly10 cont9u$ ,i1 8contriv$ to place y\r disciples 9 p]fect safety s f> z ,god & ! consci5ce are conc]n$2 = !y are q safe 9 t qu>t]1 accord+ to y1 by foll[+ 9 ! wake ( a grave doctor4 ,y h also secur$ !m on ! "p ( ! confessors1 by oblig+ prie/s1 on ! pa9 ( mortal s91 to absolve all :o foll[ a probable op9ion4 ,b y h neglect$ to secure !m on ! "p ( ! judges2 s t1 9 foll[+ y\r probabilities1 !y are 9 dang] ( com+ into contact ) ! :ip & ! gall[s4 ,?is is a sad ov]sight40 8,y are "r10 said ! monk2 8,i am glad y m5tion$ x4 ,b ! reason is1 we h no su* p[] ov] magi/rates z ov] ! confessors1 :o are oblig$ to ref] to u 9 cases ( consci5ce1 9 :i* we are ! sov]eign judges40 8,s ,i und]/&10 return$ ,i2 8b if1 on ! "o h&1 y are ! judges ( ! confessors1 are y n1 on ! o!r h&1 ! confessors ( ! judges8 ,y\r p[] is v ext5sive4 ,oblige !m1 on pa9 ( be+ deb>r$ f ! sacram5ts1 to acquit all crim9als :o act on a probable op9ion2 o!rwise x may happ51 to ! great contempt & sc&al ( probability1 t ^? :om y r5d] innoc5t 9 !ory may be :ipp$ or hang$ 9 practice4 ,)\t some?+ ( ?is k9d1 h[ c y expect to get disciples80 8,! matt] des]ves consid]ation10 said he2 8x w nev] d to neglect x4 ,i %all sugge/ x to our fa!r ,prov9cial4 ,y might1 h[ev]1 h res]v$ ?is advice to "s o!r "t1 )\t int]rupt+ ! acc\nt ,i 0 ab\t to give y ( ! maxims :i* we h e/abli%$ 9 favor ( g5tlem52 & ,i %all n give y any m in=mation1 except on condition t y d n tell me any m /ories40 ,?is is all y %all h f me at pres5t2 = x w\ld require m ?an ! limits ( "o lett] to acqua9t y ) all t ,i le>n$ 9 a s+le conv]sation4--,mean:ile ,i am1 c4 ----- ,footnote #adg3 ,luke xi4 #da4--,quod sup]e/1 date eleemosynam 7,vulgate72 7,gr472 ,ea qu p5es vos sunt date 7,beza72 8,give alms ( su* ?+s z ye h40 7,eng4 ,v]47 ,footnote #adh3 ,:5 ,pascal speaks ( alms-giv+ 8work+ out our salvation10 x is evid5t t he reg>d$ x only z ! evid5ce ( our be+ 9 a /ate ( salvation4 ,judg+ by ! hi/ory ( 8 life1 & by 8 8,?\ghts on ,religion10 no man 0 m free f spiritual pride1 or t poor species ( x :i* boa/s ( or re/s 9 its eleemosyn>y sacrifices4 ,8 *>ity fl[$ f love & gratitude to ,god4 ,su* 0 8 reg>d = ! poor t he c\ld n refuse to give alms ev5 ?\gh compell$ to take f ! supply necess>y to relieve 8 own infirmities2 & on 8 dea?-b$ he entreat$ t a poor p]son %\ld be br\ght into ! h\se & treat$ ) ! same att5tion z himself1 decl>+ t :5 he ?\ght ( 8 own com=ts & ( ! multitudes :o 7 de/itute ( ! m]e/ necess>ies1 he felt a di/ress :i* he c\ld n endure4 8,"o ?+ ,i h obs]v$10 he says 9 8 ,?\ghts--8t let a man be ev] s poor1 he has always some?+ to leave on 8 dea?-b$40 ,footnote #adi3 ,^! bulls 7 direct$ aga9/ gross & unnatural crimes prevail+ among ! cl]gy4 7,nicolo1 ii4 pp4 #cgb-cgf47 ,footnote #aej3 ,an allusion to ! popul>ity ( ! ,lett]s1 :i* induc$ _m to inquire aft] ! casui/ical writ+s s (t5 quot$ 9 !m4 ,footnote #aea3 ,l5t5 life--an ab/emi\s life1 or life ( fa/+4 ,footnote #aeb3 ,prev>icateurs4--,allud+ probably to su* texts z ,rom4 iv4 #ae3 8,! law worke? wra?2 = :]e no law is1 !re is no transgression40--,ubi enim non e/ lex1 nec prev>icatio 7,vulg472 or ,rom4 v4 #ac1 c4 ,footnote #aec3 ,! ,rules 7,regul ,communes7 ( ! ,society ( ,jesus1 x mu/ be admitt$1 are rigid en\gh 9 ! en=cem5t ( moral dec5cy & discipl9e on ! memb]s2 & ! p]fect c&or ( ,pascal appe>s 9 ! admission4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 only adds weight to ! real *>ge :i* he sub/antiates aga9/ !m1 ( tea*+ maxims :i* t5d to ! subv]sion ( morality4 ,) reg>d to _! p]sonal conduct1 diff]5t op9ions prevail4 8,:atev] we may ?9k ( ! political del9qu5cies ( _! lead]s10 says ,blanco ,:ite1 8_! bitt]e/ enemies h nev] v5tur$ to *>ge ! ord] ( ,jesuits ) moral irregul>ities4 ,! int]nal policy ( t body10 he adds1 8preclud$ ! possibility ( gross misconduct40 7,lett]s f ,spa91 p4 #hi47 ,we are f> f be+ sure ( ?is4 ,! rem>k seems to apply to only "o species ( vice1 too common 9 mona/ic life1 & may be true ( ! conv5tual e/abli%m5ts ( ! ,jesuits1 :]e outw>d dec5cy =ms "p ( ! deep policy ( ! ord]2 b :at dep5d5ce c be plac$ on ! moral purity ( m5 ^: consci5ces mu/ be debau*$ by su* maxims8 ,j>rige in=ms u t !y boa/$ at "o "t 9 ,spa9 ( possess+ an h]b :i* pres]v$ _! *a/ity2 & on be+ que/ion$ by ! k+ to tell :at x 01 !y repli$3 8,x 0 ! fe> ( ,god40 8,b10 says ! au?or1 8:atev] !y might be !n1 x is pla9 t !y h s9ce lo/ ! se$ ( t h]b = x no long] gr[s 9 _! g>d540 7,jesuites sur l',e*aufaud1 *4 #f47 ,footnote #aed3 ,x has be5 obs]v$1 ) great tru?1 by ,sir ,james ,mac9to%1 t 8casui/ry1 ! inevitable gr[? ( ! practices ( confession & absolution1 has g5]ally vibrat$ betwixt ! extremes ( impracticable sev]ity & contemptible indulg5ce40 7,hi/4 ( ,engl&1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cei47 ,footnote #aee3 ,ti]s etat4--,^! 7 ! ?ree ord]s into :i* ! p ( ,france 7 divid$2 ! ti]s etat or ?ird e/ate1 correspond+ to our commons4 ,footnote #aef3 ,) all respect = ,pascal & 8 good int5tion1 x is pla9 t !re is a wide diff]5ce betwe5 ! duty1 illu/rat$ by ! apo/le f ! anci5t law1 ( support+ ^? :o m9i/] 9 holy ?+s 9 & = _! m9i/rations1 & ! practice introduc$ by ! ,*ur* ( ,rome1 ( putt+ a price on ! holy ?+s !mselves4 ,9 ! "o case1 x 0 simply a recognition ( ! g5]al pr9ciple t 8! labor] is wor?y ( 8 hire40 ,9 ! o!r1 x 0 conv]t+ ! m9i/] into a %opman :o 0 all[$ to 8b>t]0 8 sacr$ w>es at ! m>ket price1 or any price he pleas$4 ,to ?is m]c5>y pr9ciple mo/ ( ! sup]/itions ( ,rome may be trac$4 ,! popi% doctr9e ( ! mass is f\nd$ on transub/antiation1 or ! sup]/ition broa*$ 9 ! n9? c5tury1 t ! bread & w9e are conv]t$ by ! prie/ into ! real body & blood ( ,*ri/4 ,x 0 nev] settl$ 9 ! ,romi% ,*ur* to be a prop] propitiatory sacrifice = ! liv+ & ! dead till ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 9 ! sixte5? c5tury2 s t x is comp>atively a mod]n inv5tion4 ,! mass proce$s on ! absurd assumption t our bless$ ,"l (f]$ up 8 body & blood 9 ! in/itution ( ! supp]1 be=e (f]+ !m on ! cross1 & p>took ( !m himself2 & x involves ! blasphemy ( suppos+ t a s9ful mortal may1 :5ev] he pleases1 (f] up ! great sacrifice ( t body & blood1 :i* c\ld only be (f]$ by ! ,son ( ,god & (f]$ by him only once4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is ! great ,diana ( ! popi% prie/s--by ?is craft !y h _! weal?--& ! :ole ( its hi/ory proves t x 0 inv5t$ = no o!r purposes ?an impo/ure & extortion4 ,footnote #aeg3 ,heb4 vii4 #bg4--;,x is a/oni%+ to see an acute m9d l t ( ,pascal s w>p$ by sup]/ition z n to p]ceive t 9 ?is1 & o!r allusions to ! ,levitical prie/hood1 ! object ( ! apo/le 0 av[$ly to prove t ! great sacrifice = s91 ( :i* ! anci5t sacrifices 7 ! types1 _h be5 8once (f]$ 9 ! end ( ! _w10 & t 8!re rema9e? no m sacrifice = s9s20 & t ! v text to :i* he ref]s1 tea*es t1 9 ! p]son ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 our high prie/1 all ! functions ( ! sacrific+ prie/hood 7 fulfill$ & t]m9at$3 8,:o ne$e? n daily z ^? high prie/s1 to (f] up sacrifice1 fir/ = 8 own s9s1 & !n = ! p's3 = ?is he did once1 :5 he (f]$ up himself40 ,! m9i/]s ( ! ,new ,te/am5t are nev] 9 ,scripture call$ prie/s1 ?\gh ?is "n has be5 appli$ to ! ,*ri/ian p :o (f] up ! 8spiritual sacrifices0 ( praise & good works4 7,heb4 xiii4 #ae1 #af2 #a ,pet4 ii4 #e47 ,footnote #aeh3 ,treatise #aj1 p4 #dgd2 ib41 p4 #dda2 ,que/4 #cb1 p4 #deg4 ,footnote #aei3 ,tom4 ii4 tr4 #be4 n4 #cc4 ,& yet !y w pret5d to hold t _! ,*ur* is infallible6 ,footnote #afj3 ,book ( ! ,hi]>*y1 p4 #faa1 ,r\5 edition4 ,footnote #afa3 ,op4 ,mor4 p4 #a1 disp4 #b1 p4 #f4 ,f]d9& de ,ca/ro ,palao 0 a ,jesuit ( ,spa91 & au?or ( a "w on ,virtues & ,vices1 publi%$ 9 #afca4 ,,lett] ,,vii4#afb ,,me?od ,,( ,,direct+ ,,! ,,int5tion ,,adopt$ ,,by ,,! ,,casui/s--,,p]mission ,,to ,,kill ,,9 ,,def5ce ,,( ,,honor ,,& ,,prop]ty1 ,,ext5d$ ,,ev5 ,,to ,,prie/s ,,& ,,monks--,,curi\s ,,"q ,,rais$ ,,by ,,c>amuel1 ,,z ,,to ,,:e!r ,,jesuits ,,may ,,be ,,all[$ ,,to ,,kill ,,jans5i/s4 ,,p>is1 ,april #be1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,hav+ succe$$ 9 pacify+ ! good fa!r1 :o _h be5 r disconc]t$ by ! /ory ( ,john d',alba1 he resum$ ! conv]sation1 on my assur+ him t ,i w\ld avoid all su* int]ruptions 9 future1 & spoke ( ! maxims ( 8 casui/s ) reg>d to g5tlem51 ne>ly 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3-- 8,y "k10 he said1 8t ! rul+ passion ( p]sons 9 t rank ( life is #8! po9t ( honor1' :i* is p]petually driv+ !m into acts ( viol5ce app>5tly q at v>iance ) ,*ri/ian piety2 s t1 9 fact1 !y w\ld be almo/ all ( !m exclud$ f our confessionals1 _h n our fa!rs relax$ a little f ! /rictness ( religion1 to accommodate !mselves to ! weakness ( humanity4 ,anxi\s to keep on good t]ms bo? ) ! ,gospel1 by do+ _! duty to ,god1 & ) ! m5 ( ! _w1 by %[+ *>ity to _! neighbor1 !y ne$$ all ! wisdom !y possess$ to devise exp$i5ts = s nicely adju/+ matt]s z to p]mit ^! g5tlem5 to adopt ! me?ods usually resort$ to = v9dicat+ _! honor1 )\t w\nd+ _! consci5ces1 & ?us reconcile two ?+s app>5tly s opposite to ea* o!r z piety & ! po9t ( honor4 ,b1 sir1 9 proportion to ! utility ( ! design 0 ! difficulty ( ! execution4 ,y _c fail1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 to realize ! magnitude & ardu\sness ( su* an ent]prize80 8,x a/oni%es me1 c]ta9ly10 said ,i1 r coldly4 8,x a/oni%es y1 =soo?60 cri$ ! monk4 8,i c well believe t2 _m besides y might be a/oni%$ at x4 ,:y1 don't y "k t1 on ! "o h&1 ! ,gospel comm&s u #8n to r5d] evil = evil1 b to leave v5geance to ,god2' & t1 on ! o!r h&1 ! laws ( ! _w =bid our endur+ an affront )\t dem&+ satisfaction f ! (f5d]1 & t (t5 at ! exp5se ( 8 life8 ,y h nev]1 ,i am sure1 met ) any?+1 to all appe>ance1 m diametrically oppos$ ?an ^! two codes ( morals2 & yet1 :5 told t our fa!rs h reconcil$ !m1 y h no?+ m to say ?an simply t ?is a/oni%es y60 8,i did n suffici5tly expla9 myself1 fa!r4 ,i %\ld c]ta9ly h consid]$ ! ?+ p]fectly impracticable1 if ,i _h n kn[n1 f :at ,i h se5 ( y\r fa!rs1 t !y are capable ( do+ ) ease :at is impossible to o!r m54 ,?is l$ me to anticipate t !y mu/ h discov]$ "s me?od = meet+ ! difficulty--a me?od :i* ,i admire ev5 be=e kn[+ x1 & :i* ,i pray y to expla9 to me40 8,s9ce t is y\r view ( ! matt]10 repli$ ! monk1 8,i _c refuse y4 ,"k1 !n1 t ?is m>vell\s pr9ciple is our gr& me?od ( direct+ ! int5tion--! importance ( :i*1 9 our moral sy/em1 is su*1 t ,i might almo/ v5ture to comp>e x ) ! doctr9e ( probability4 ,y h _h "s glimpses ( x 9 pass+1 f c]ta9 maxims :i* ,i m5tion$ to y4 ,= example1 :5 ,i 0 %[+ y h[ s]vants might execute c]ta9 tr\blesome jobs ) a safe consci5ce1 did y n rem>k t x 0 simply by div]t+ _! int5tion f ! evil to :i* !y 7 access>y1 to ! pr(it :i* !y might reap f ! transaction8 ,n[ t is :at we call direct+ ! int5tion4 ,y saw1 too1 t 7 x n = a simil> div]g5ce ( ! m9d1 ^? :o give money = b5efices might be d[nright simoniacs4 ,b ,i w n[ %[ y ?is gr& me?od 9 all its glory1 z x applies to ! subject ( homicide--a crime :i* x ju/ifies 9 a ?\s& in/ances2 9 ord] t1 f ?is />tl+ result1 y may =m an idea ( all t x is calculat$ to effect40 8,i =esee already10 said ,i1 8t1 accord+ to ?is mode1 ev]y?+ w be p]mitt$2 x w /ick at no?+40 8,y always fly f ! "o extreme to ! o!r10 repli$ ! monk3 8pri!e avoid t habit4 ,= j to %[ y t we are f> f p]mitt+ ev]y?+1 let me tell y t we nev] suff] su* a ?+ z a =mal int5tion to s91 ) ! sole design ( s9n+2 & if any p]son :atev] %\ld p]si/ 9 hav+ no o!r end b evil 9 ! evil t he does1 we break ) him at once3 su* conduct is diabolical4 ,?is holds true1 )\t exception ( age1 sex1 or rank4 ,b :5 ! p]son is n ( su* a wret*$ disposition z ?is1 we try to put 9 practice our me?od ( direct+ ! int5tion1 :i* simply consi/s 9 8 propos+ to himself1 z ! end ( 8 actions1 "s all[able object4 ,n t we d n endeavor1 z f> z we c1 to dissuade m5 f do+ ?+s =bidd52 b :5 we _c prev5t ! action1 we at lea/ purify ! motive1 & ?us correct ! vici\sness ( ! mean by ! goodness ( ! end4 ,su* is ! way 9 :i* our fa!rs h contriv$ to p]mit ^? acts ( viol5ce to :i* m5 usually resort 9 v9dication ( _! honor4 ,!y h no m to d ?an to turn (f _! int5tion f ! desire ( v5geance1 :i* is crim9al1 & direct x to a desire to def5d _! honor1 :i*1 accord+ to u1 is q w>rantable4 ,& 9 ?is way our doctors dis*>ge all _! duty t[>ds ,god & t[>ds man4 ,by p]mitt+ ! action1 !y gratify ! _w2 & by purify+ ! int5tion1 !y give satisfaction to ! ,gospel4 ,?is is a secret1 sir1 :i* 0 entirely unkn[n to ! anci5ts2 ! _w is indebt$ = ! discov]y entirely to our doctors4 ,y und]/& x n[1 ,i hope80 8,p]fectly well10 0 my reply4 8,to m5 y grant ! outw>d mat]ial effect ( ! action2 & to ,god y give ! inw>d & spiritual movem5t ( ! int5tion2 & by ?is equitable p>tition1 y =m an alliance betwe5 ! laws ( ,god & ! laws ( m54 ,b1 my de> sir1 to be frank ) y1 ,i c h>dly tru/ y\r premises1 & ,i suspect t y\r au?ors w tell ano!r tale40 8,y d me inju/ice10 rejo9$ ! monk2 8,i advance no?+ b :at ,i am ready to prove1 & t by su* a ri* array ( passages1 t altoge!r _! numb]1 _! au?ority1 & _! reason+s1 w fill y ) admiration4 ,to %[ y1 = example1 ! alliance :i* our fa!rs h =m$ betwe5 ! maxims ( ! ,gospel & ^? ( ! _w1 by ?us regulat+ ! int5tion1 let me ref] y to ,reg9ald3#afc #8,private p]sons are =bidd5 to av5ge !mselves2 = ,/4 ,paul says to ! ,romans 7*4 #ab?71 #8,recomp5se to no man evil = evil2' & ,ecclesia/icus says 7*4 #bh?71 #8,he t take? v5geance %all draw on himself ! v5geance ( ,god1 & 8 s9s w n be =gott54' ,besides all t is said 9 ! ,gospel ab\t =giv+ (f5ces1 z 9 ! #f? & #ah? *apt]s ( ,/4 ,mat!w4'0 8,well1 fa!r1 if aft] t he says any?+ contr>y to ! ,scripture1 x w n be f lack ( scriptural k1 at any rate4 ,pray1 h[ does he conclude80 8,y %all he>10 he said4 8,f all ?is x appe>s t a milit>y man may dem& satisfaction on ! spot f ! p]son :o has injur$ him--n1 inde$1 ) ! int5tion ( r5d]+ evil = evil1 b ) t ( pres]v+ 8 honor--#8non ut malum pro malo r$dat1 s$ ut cons]vet honorem4' ,see y h[ c>efully !y gu>d aga9/ ! int5tion ( r5d]+ evil = evil1 because ! ,scripture condemns x8 ,?is is :at !y w tol]ate on no acc\nt4 ,?us ,lessius#afd obs]ves1 t #8if a man has receiv$ a bl[ on ! face1 he mu/ on no acc\nt h an int5tion to av5ge himself2 b he may lawfully h an int5tion to av]t infamy1 & may1 ) t view1 repel ! insult imm$iately1 ev5 at ! po9t ( ! sword--etiam cum gladio6' ,s f> are we f p]mitt+ any "o to *]i% ! design ( tak+ v5geance on 8 enemies1 t our fa!rs w n all[ any ev5 to wi% _! dea?--by a movem5t ( hatr$4 #8,if y\r enemy is dispos$ to injure y1' says ,escob>1 #8y h no "r to wi% 8 dea?1 by a movem5t ( hatr$2 ?\gh y may1 ) a view to save y\rself f h>m4' ,s legitimate1 inde$1 is ?is wi%1 ) su* an int5tion1 t our great ,hurtado de ,m5doza says1 t #8we may pray ,god to visit ) spe$y dea? ^? :o are b5t on p]secut+ u1 if !re is no o!r way ( escap+ f x4'0#afe 8,may x please y\r rev]5ce10 said ,i1 8! ,*ur* has =gott5 to ins]t a petition to t effect among h] pray]s40 8,!y h n put 9 ev]y?+ into ! pray]s t "o may lawfully ask ( ,god10 answ]$ ! monk4 8,besides1 9 ! pres5t case ! ?+ 0 impossible1 = ?is same op9ion is ( m rec5t /&+ ?an ! ,brevi>y4 ,y are n a good *ronologi/1 fri5d4 ,b1 n to w&] f ! po9t1 let me reque/ y\r att5tion to ! foll[+ passage1 cit$ by ,diana f ,gasp> ,hurtado1#aff "o ( ,escob>'s f\r-&-tw5ty fa!rs3 #8,an incumb5t may1 )\t any mortal s91 desire ! decease ( a life-r5t] on 8 b5efice1 & a son t ( 8 fa!r1 & rejoice :5 x happ5s2 provid$ always x is = ! sake ( ! pr(it t is to accrue f ! ev5t1 & n f p]sonal av]sion4'0 8,good60 cri$ ,i4 8,t is c]ta9ly a v happy hit2 & ,i c easily see t ! doctr9e admits ( a wide application4 ,b yet !re are c]ta9 cases1 ! solution ( :i*1 ?\gh ( great importance = g5tlem51 might pres5t /ill great] difficulties40 8,propose !m1 if y please1 t we may see10 said ! monk4 8,%[ me1 ) all y\r direct+ ( ! int5tion10 return$ ,i1 8t x is all[able to fight a duel40 8,our great ,hurtado de ,m5doza10 said ! fa!r1 8w satisfy y on t po9t 9 a tw9kl+4 #8,if a g5tleman1' says he1 9 a passage cit$ by ,diana1 #8:o is *all5g$ to fight a duel1 is well kn[n to h no religion1 & if ! vices to :i* he is op5ly & unscrupul\sly addict$ are su* z w\ld lead p to conclude1 9 ! ev5t ( 8 refus+ to fight1 t he is actuat$1 n by ! fe> ( ,god1 b by c[>dice1 & induce !m to say ( him t he 0 a h51 & n a man--gall9a1 et non vir2 9 t case he may1 to save 8 honor1 appe> at ! appo9t$ spot--n1 inde$1 ) ! express int5tion ( fight+ a duel1 b m]ely ) t ( def5d+ himself1 %\ld ! p]son :o *all5g$ him come !re unju/ly to attack him4 ,8 action 9 ?is case1 view$ by itself1 w be p]fectly indiff]5t2 = :at moral evil is !re 9 "o /epp+ into a field1 tak+ a /roll 9 expectation ( meet+ a p]son1 & def5d+ "o's self 9 ! ev5t ( be+ attack$8 ,& ?us ! g5tleman is guilty ( no s9 :atev]2 = 9 fact x _c be call$ accept+ a *all5ge at all1 8 int5tion be+ direct$ to o!r circum/ances1 & ! acceptance ( a *all5ge consi/+ 9 an express int5tion to fight1 :i* we are suppos+ ! g5tleman nev] _h4'0 8,y h n kept y\r ^w ) me1 sir10 said ,i4 8,?is is n1 prop]ly speak+1 to p]mit duell+2 on ! contr>y1 ! casui/ is s p]suad$ t ?is practice is =bidd51 t1 9 lic5s+ ! action 9 "q1 he c>efully avoids call+ x a duel40 8,ah60 cri$ ! monk1 8y beg9 to get kn[+ on my h&1 ,i am glad to see4 ,i might reply1 t ! au?or ,i h quot$ grants all t duelli/s are dispos$ to ask4 ,b s9ce y mu/ h a categorical answ]1 ,i %all all[ our ,fa!r ,layman to give x = me4 ,he p]mits duell+ 9 s _m words1 provid$ t1 9 accept+ ! *all5ge1 ! p]son directs 8 int5tion solely to ! pres]vation ( 8 honor or 8 prop]ty3 #8,if a soldi] or a c\rti] is 9 su* a pr$icam5t t he mu/ lose ei!r 8 honor or 8 =tune unless he accepts a *all5ge1 ,i see no?+ to h9d] him f do+ s 9 self-def5ce4' ,! same ?+ is said by ,pet] ,hurtado1 z quot$ by our fam\s ,escob>2 8 words are3 #8,"o may fight a duel ev5 to def5d "o's prop]ty1 %\ld t be necess>y2 because e man has a "r to def5d 8 prop]ty1 ?\gh at ! exp5se ( 8 enemy's life6'0 ,i 0 /ruck1 on he>+ ^! passages1 ) ! reflection t :ile ! piety ( ! k+ appe>s 9 8 ex]t+ all 8 p[] to prohibit & aboli% ! practice ( duell+ 9 ! ,/ate1#afg ! piety ( ! ,jesuits is %[n 9 _! employ+ all _! +5uity to tol]ate & sanction x 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,b ! good fa!r 0 9 su* an excell5t key = talk+1 t x w\ld h be5 cruel to h int]rupt$ him2 s he w5t on ) 8 disc\rse4 8,9 %ort10 said he1 8,san*ez 7m>k1 n[1 :at great names ,i am quot+ to y67 ,san*ez1 sir1 goes a /ep fur!r2 = he %[s h[1 simply by manag+ ! int5tion rightly1 a p]son may n only receive a *all5ge1 b give "o4 ,& our ,escob> foll[s him40 8,prove t1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8& ,i %all give up ! po9t3 b ,i w n believe t he has writt5 x1 unless ,i see x 9 pr9t40 8,read x y\rself1 !n10 he repli$3 &1 to be sure1 ,i read ! foll[+ extract f ! ,moral ,!ology ( ,san*ez3 8,x is p]fectly reasonable to hold t a man may fight a duel to save 8 life1 8 honor1 or any consid]able portion ( 8 prop]ty1 :5 x is app>5t t !re is a design to deprive him ( ^! unju/ly1 by law-suits & *ican]y1 & :5 !re is no o!r way ( pres]v+ !m4 ,nav>re ju/ly obs]ves1 t 9 su* cases1 x is lawful ei!r to accept or to s5d a *all5ge--licet accept>e et (f]re duellum4 ,! same au?or adds1 t !re is no?+ to prev5t "o f despat*+ "o's adv]s>y 9 a private way4 ,inde$1 9 ! circum/ances ref]r$ to1 x is advisable to avoid employ+ ! me?od ( ! duel1 if x is possible to settle ! affair by privately kill+ our enemy2 =1 by ?is means1 we escape at once f expos+ our life 9 ! combat1 & f p>ticipat+ 9 ! s9 :i* our oppon5t w\ld h committ$ by fight+ ! duel60#afh 8,a mo/ pi\s assass9ation60 said ,i4 8,/ill1 h[ev]1 pi\s ?\gh x be1 x is assass9ation1 if a man is p]mitt$ to kill 8 enemy 9 a trea*]\s mann]40 8,did ,i say t he might kill him trea*]\sly80 cri$ ! monk4 8,god =bid6 ,i said he might kill him privately1 & y conclude t he may kill him trea*]\sly1 z if t 7 ! same ?+6 ,att5d1 sir1 to ,escob>'s def9ition be=e all[+ y\rself to speak aga9 on ?is subject3 #8,we call x kill+ 9 trea*]y1 :5 ! p]son :o is sla9 _h no reason to suspect su* a fate4 ,he1 !re=e1 t slays 8 enemy _c be said to kill him 9 trea*]y1 ev5 al?\gh ! bl[ %\ld be giv5 insidi\sly & beh9d 8 back--licet p] insidias aut a t]go p]cutiat4' ,& aga93 #8,he t kills 8 enemy1 ) :om he 0 reconcil$ "u a promise ( nev] aga9 attempt+ 8 life1 _c be absolutely said to kill 9 trea*]y1 unless !re 0 betwe5 !m all ! /rict] fri5d%ip--arctior amicitia4'#afi ,y see n[1 y d n ev5 und]/& :at ! t]ms signify1 & yet y pret5d to talk l a doctor40 8,i grant y ?is is some?+ q new to me10 ,i repli$2 8& ,i %\ld ga!r f t def9ition t few1 if any1 7 ev] kill$ 9 trea*]y2 = p seldom take x into _! heads to assass9ate any b _! enemies4 ,be ?is z x may1 h[ev]1 x seems t1 accord+ to ,san*ez1 a man may freely slay 7,i d n say trea*]\sly1 b only insidi\sly1 & beh9d 8 back7 a calumniator1 = example1 :o prosecutes u at law80 8,c]ta9ly he may10 return$ ! monk1 8always1 h[ev]1 9 ! way ( giv+ a "r direction to ! int5tion3 y con/antly =get ! ma9 po9t4 ,mol9a supports ! same doctr9e2 & :at is m1 our le>n$ bro!r ,reg9ald ma9ta9s t we may despat* ! false witnesses :om he summons aga9/ u4 ,&1 to cr[n ! :ole1 accord+ to our great & fam\s fa!rs ,tann] & ,emanuel ,sa1 x is lawful to kill bo? ! false witnesses & ! judge himself1 if he has _h any collusion ) !m4 ,"h are ,tann]'s v words3 #8,sotus & ,lessius ?9k t x is n lawful to kill ! false witnesses & ! magi/rate :o conspire toge!r to put an innoc5t p]son to dea?2 b ,emanuel ,sa & o!r au?ors ) good reason impugn t s5tim5t1 at lea/ s f> z ! consci5ce is conc]n$4' ,& he goes on to %[ t x is q lawful to kill bo? ! witnesses & ! judge40 8,well1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8,i ?9k ,i n[ und]/& pretty well y\r pr9ciple reg>d+ ! direction ( ! int5tion2 b ,i %\ld l to "k some?+ ( its consequ5ces1 & all ! cases 9 :i* ?is me?od ( y\rs arms a man ) ! p[] ( life & dea?4 ,let u g ov] !m aga91 = fe> ( mi/ake1 = equivocation "h might be att5d$ ) dang]\s results4 ,kill+ is a matt] :i* requires to be well-tim$1 & to be back$ ) a good probable op9ion4 ,y h assur$ me1 !n1 t by giv+ a prop] turn to ! int5tion1 x is lawful1 accord+ to y\r fa!rs1 = ! pres]vation ( "o's honor1 or ev5 prop]ty1 to accept a *all5ge to a duel1 to give "o sometimes1 to kill 9 a private way a false accus]1 & 8 witnesses along ) him1 & ev5 ! judge :o has be5 brib$ to favor !m2 & y h also told me t he :o has got a bl[1 may1 )\t av5g+ himself1 retaliate ) ! sword4 ,b y h n told me1 fa!r1 to :at l5g? he may g40 8,he c h>dly mi/ake !re10 repli$ ! fa!r1 8= he may g all ! l5g? ( kill+ 8 man4 ,?is is satisfactorily prov$ by ! le>n$ ,h5riquez1 & o!rs ( our fa!rs quot$ by ,escob>1 z foll[s3 #8,x is p]fectly "r to kill a p]son :o has giv5 u a box on ! e>1 al?\gh he %\ld run away1 provid$ x is n done ?r\gh hatr$ or rev5ge1 & !re is no dang] ( giv+ occasion !reby to murd]s ( a gross k9d & hurtful to society4 ,& ! reason is1 t x is z lawful to pursue ! ?ief t has /ol5 our honor1 z him t has run away ) our prop]ty4 ,=1 al?\gh y\r honor _c be said to be 9 ! h&s ( y\r enemy 9 ! same s5se z y\r goods & *attels are 9 ! h&s ( ! ?ief1 /ill x may be recov]$ 9 ! same way--by %[+ pro(s ( greatness & au?ority1 & ?us acquir+ ! e/eem ( m54 ,&1 9 po9t ( fact1 is x n c]ta9 t ! man :o has receiv$ a buffet on ! e> is held to be "u disgrace1 until he has wip$ (f ! insult ) ! blood ( 8 enemy8'0 ,i 0 s %ock$ on he>+ ?is1 t x 0 ) great difficulty ,i c\ld conta9 myself2 b1 9 my anxiety to he> ! re/1 ,i all[$ him to proce$4 8,nay10 he cont9u$1 8x is all[able to prev5t a buffet1 by kill+ him t meant to give x1 if !re be no o!r way to escape ! insult4 ,?is op9ion is q common ) our fa!rs4 ,= example1 ,azor1 "o ( ! f\r-&-tw5ty eld]s1 propos+ ! "q1 #8,is x lawful = a man ( honor to kill ano!r :o ?reat5s to give him a slap on ! face1 or /rike him ) a /ick8' replies1 #8,"s say he may n2 alleg+ t ! life ( our neighbor is m preci\s ?an our honor1 & t x w\ld be an act ( cruelty to kill a man m]ely to avoid a bl[4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 ?9k t x is all[able2 & ,i c]ta9ly consid] x probable1 :5 !re is no o!r way ( w>d+ (f ! insult2 =1 o!rwise1 ! honor ( ! innoc5t w\ld be con/antly expos$ to ! malice ( ! insol5t4' ,! same op9ion is giv5 by our great ,filiutius2 by ,fa!r ,h]eau1 9 8 ,treatise on ,homicide2 by ,hurtado de ,m5doza1 9 8 ,disputations2 by ,becan1 9 8 ,summ>y2 by our ,fa!rs ,flahaut & ,lec\rt1 9 ^? writ+s :i* ! univ]sity1 9 _! ?ird petition1 quot$ at l5g?1 9 ord] to br+ !m into disgrace 7?\gh 9 ?is !y fail$72 & by ,escob>4 ,9 %ort1 ?is op9ion is s g5]al1 t ,lessius lays x d[n z a po9t :i* no casui/ has conte/$2 he quotes a great _m t uphold1 & none t d5y x2 & p>ticul>ly ,pet] ,nav>re1 :o1 speak+ ( affronts 9 g5]al 7& !re is none m provok+ ?an a box on ! e>71 decl>es t #8by ! univ]sal cons5t ( ! casui/s1 x is lawful to kill ! calumniator1 if !re be no o!r way ( av]t+ ! affront--ex s5t5tia omnium1 licet contumeliosum occid]e1 si alit] ea injuria arc]i nequit4' ,d y wi% any m au?orities80 ask$ ! monk4 ,i decl>$ ,i 0 mu* oblig$ to him2 ,i _h he>d r m ?an en\gh ( !m already4 ,b j to see h[ f> ?is damnable doctr9e w\ld g1 ,i said1 8,b1 fa!r1 may n "o be all[$ to kill = some?+ /ill less8 ,might n a p]son s direct 8 int5tion z lawfully to kill ano!r = tell+ a lie1 = example80 8,he may10 return$ ! monk2 8& accord+ to ,fa!r ,baldelle1 quot$ by ,escob>1 #8y may lawfully take ! life ( ano!r = say+1 ,y h told a lie2 if !re is no o!r way ( %utt+ 8 m\?4' ,! same ?+ may be done 9 ! case ( sl&]s4 ,our ,fa!rs ,lessius & ,h]eau agree 9 ! foll[+ s5tim5ts3 #8,if y attempt to ru9 my "* by tell+ /ories aga9/ me 9 ! pres5ce ( m5 ( honor1 & ,i h no o!r way ( prev5t+ ?is ?an by putt+ y to dea?1 may ,i be p]mitt$ to d s8 ,accord+ to ! mod]n au?ors1 ,i may1 & t ev5 ?\gh ,i h be5 really guilty ( ! crime :i* y divulge1 provid$ x is a secret "o1 :i* y c\ld n e/abli% by legal evid5ce4 ,& ,i prove x ?us3 ,if y mean to rob me ( my honor by giv+ me a box on ! e>1 ,i may prev5t x by =ce ( arms2 & ! same mode ( def5ce is lawful :5 y w\ld d me ! same injury ) ! tongue4 ,besides1 we may lawfully obviate affronts1 & !re=e sl&]s4 ,9 f9e1 honor is de>] ?an life2 & z x is lawful to kill 9 def5ce ( life1 x mu/ be s to kill 9 def5ce ( honor4' ,!re1 y see1 are argum5ts 9 due =m2 ?is is demon/ration1 sir--n m]e discussion4 ,&1 to conclude1 ?is great man ,lessius %[s1 9 ! same place1 t x is lawful to kill ev5 = a simple ge/ure1 or a sign ( contempt4 #8,a man's honor1' he rem>ks1 #8may be attack$ or fil*$ away 9 v>i\s ways--9 all :i* v9dication appe>s v reasonable2 z1 = in/ance1 :5 "o (f]s to /rike u ) a /ick1 or give u a slap on ! face1 or affront u ei!r by words or signs--sive p] signa4'0 8,well1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8x mu/ be own$ t y h made e possible provision to secure ! safety ( reputation2 b x /rikes me t human life is greatly 9 dang]1 if any "o may be consci5ti\sly put to dea? simply = a defamatory spee* or a saucy ge/ure40 8,t is true10 he repli$2 8b z our fa!rs are v circumspect1 !y h ?\ght x prop] to =bid putt+ ?is doctr9e into practice on su* trifl+ occasions4 ,!y say1 at lea/1 #8t x ought h>dly to be r$uc$ to practice--practic vix prob>i pote/4' ,& !y h a good reason = t1 z y %all see40 8,oh6 ,i "k :at x w be10 int]rupt$ ,i2 8because ! law ( ,god =bids u to kill1 ( c\rse40 8,!y d n exactly take t gr\nd10 said ! fa!r2 8z a matt] ( consci5ce1 & view+ ! ?+ ab/ractly1 !y hold x all[able40 8,& :y1 !n1 d !y =bid x80 8,i %all tell y t1 sir4 ,x is because1 7 we to kill all ! defam]s among u1 we %\ld v %ortly depopulate ! c\ntry4 #8,al?\gh1' says ,reg9ald1 #8! op9ion t we may kill a man = calumny is n )\t its probability 9 !ory1 ! contr>y "o ought to be foll[$ 9 practice2 =1 9 our mode ( def5d+ ourselves1 we %\ld always avoid do+ injury to ! commonweal?2 & x is evid5t t by kill+ p 9 ?is way !re w\ld be too _m murd]s4' #8,we %\ld be on our gu>d1' says ,lessius1 #8le/ ! practice ( ?is maxim prove hurtful to ! ,/ate2 = 9 ?is case x ought n to be p]mitt$--tunc enim non e/ p]mitt5dus4'0 8,:at1 fa!r6 is x =bidd5 only z a po9t ( policy1 & n ( religion8 ,few p1 ,i am afraid1 w pay any reg>d to su* a prohibition1 p>ticul>ly :5 9 a passion4 ,v probably !y might ?9k !y 7 do+ no h>m to ! ,/ate1 by ridd+ x ( an unwor?y memb]40 8,& accord+ly10 repli$ ! monk1 8our ,filiutius has =tifi$ t argum5t ) ano!r1 :i* is ( no sl5d] importance1 namely1 #8t = kill+ p aft] ?is mann]1 "o might be puni%$ 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice4'0 8,!re n[1 fa!r2 ,i told y be=e1 t y w nev] be able to d any?+ wor? ! :ile1 unless y get ! magi/rates to g along ) y40 8,! magi/rates10 said ! fa!r1 8z !y d n p5etrate into ! consci5ce1 judge m]ely ( ! outside ( ! action1 :ile we look pr9cipally to ! int5tion2 & h5ce x occasionally happ5s t our maxims are a little diff]5t f !irs40 8,be t z x may1 fa!r2 f y\rs1 at lea/1 "o ?+ may be fairly inf]r$--t1 by tak+ c>e n to injure ! commonweal?1 we may kill defam]s ) a safe consci5ce1 provid$ we c d x ) a s\nd sk94 ,b1 sir1 aft] hav+ se5 s well to ! protection ( honor1 h y done no?+ = prop]ty8 ,i am aw>e x is ( inf]ior importance1 b t does n signify2 ,i %\ld ?9k "o might direct "o's int5tion to kill = its pres]vation also40 8,yes10 repli$ ! monk2 8& ,i gave y a h9t to t effect already1 :i* may h sugge/$ ! idea to y4 ,all our casui/s agree 9 t op9ion2 & !y ev5 ext5d ! p]mission to ^? cases #8:]e no fur!r viol5ce is appreh5d$ f ^? t /eal our prop]ty2 z1 = example1 :]e ! ?ief runs away4' ,azor1 "o ( our ,society1 proves t po9t40 8,b1 sir1 h[ mu* mu/ ! article be wor?1 to ju/ify our proce$+ to t extremity80 8,accord+ to ,reg9ald & ,tann]1 #8! article mu/ be ( great value 9 ! e/imation ( a judici\s man4' ,& s ?9k ,layman & ,filiutius40 8,b1 fa!r1 t is say+ no?+ to ! purpose2 :]e am ,i to f9d #8a judici\s man' 7a r>e p]son to meet ) at any "t71 9 ord] to make ?is e/imation8 ,:y d !y n settle ^u an exact sum at once80 8,ay1 inde$60 retort$ ! monk2 8& 0 x s easy1 ?9k y1 to adju/ ! comp>ative value betwe5 ! life ( a man1 & a ,*ri/ian man1 too1 & money8 ,x is "h ,i w\ld h y feel ! ne$ ( our casui/s4 ,%[ me any ( y\r anci5t fa!rs :o w tell = h[ mu* money we may be all[$ to kill a man4 ,:at w !y say1 b #8,non occides--,?\ %alt n kill8'0 8,& :o1 !n1 has v5tur$ to fix t sum80 ,i inquir$4 8,our great & incomp>able ,mol9a10 he repli$--8! glory ( our ,society--:o has1 9 8 inimitable wisdom1 e/imat$ ! life ( a man #8at six or sev5 ducats2 = :i* sum he assures u x is w>rantable to kill a ?ief1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld run (f2' & he adds1 #8t he w\ld n v5ture to condemn t man z guilty ( any s9 :o %\ld kill ano!r = tak+ away an article wor? a cr[n1 or ev5 less--unius aurei1 vel m9oris adhuc valoris2' :i* has l$ ,escob> to lay x d[n z a g5]al rule1 #8t a man may be kill$ q regul>ly1 accord+ to ,mol9a1 = ! value ( a cr[n-piece4'0 8,o fa!r60 cri$ ,i1 8:]e c ,mol9a h got all ?is wisdom to enable him to det]m9e a matt] ( su* importance1 )\t any aid f ,scripture1 ! c\ncils1 or ! fa!rs8 ,x is q evid5t t he has obta9$ an illum9ation peculi> to himself1 & is f> beyond ,/4 ,augu/9e 9 ! matt] ( homicide1 z well z ( grace4 ,well1 n[1 ,i suppose ,i may consid] myself ma/] ( ?is *apt] ( morals2 & ,i see p]fectly t1 ) ! exception ( ecclesia/ics1 nobody ne$ refra9 f kill+ ^? :o injure !m 9 _! prop]ty or reputation40 8,:at say y80 exclaim$ ! monk4 8,d y !n suppose t x w\ld be reasonable t ^? :o ought ( all m5 to be mo/ respect$1 %\ld alone be expos$ to ! insol5ce ( ! wick$8 ,our fa!rs h provid$ aga9/ t disord]2 = ,tann] decl>es t #8,*ur*m51 & ev5 monks1 are p]mitt$ to kill1 = ! purpose ( def5d+ n only _! lives1 b _! prop]ty1 & t ( _! community4' ,mol9a1 ,escob>1 ,becan1 ,reg9ald1 ,layman1 ,lessius1 & o!rs1 hold ! same language4 ,nay1 accord+ to our celebrat$ ,fa!r ,lamy1#agj prie/s & monks may lawfully prev5t ^? :o w\ld injure !m by calumnies f c>ry+ _! ill designs into effect1 by putt+ !m to dea?4 ,c>e1 h[ev]1 mu/ be always tak5 to direct ! int5tion prop]ly4 ,8 words are3 #8,an ecclesia/ic or a monk may w>rantably kill a defam] :o ?reat5s to publi% ! sc&al\s crimes ( 8 community1 or 8 own crimes1 :5 !re is no o!r way ( /opp+ him2 if1 = in/ance1 he is prep>$ to circulate 8 defamations unless promptly despat*$4 ,=1 9 ^! circum/ances1 z ! monk w\ld be all[$ to kill "o :o ?reat5$ to take 8 life1 he is also w>rant$ to kill him :o w\ld deprive him ( 8 reputation or 8 prop]ty1 9 ! same way z ! m5 ( ! _w4'0 8,i 0 n aw>e ( t10 said ,i2 89 fact1 ,i h be5 accu/om$ simply en\gh to believe ! v rev]se1 )\t reflect+ on ! matt]1 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ he>d t ! ,*ur* _h su* an abhorr5ce ( blood%$ z n ev5 to p]mit ecclesia/ical judges to att5d 9 crim9al cases40#aga 8,nev] m9d t10 he repli$2 8our ,fa!r ,lamy has completely prov$ ! doctr9e ,i h laid d[n1 al?\gh1 ) a humility :i* sits uncommonly well on s great a man1 he submits x to ! judgm5t ( 8 judici\s read]s4 ,c>amuel1 too1 our fam\s *ampion1 quot+ x 9 8 ,fundam5tal ,!ology1 p4 #edc1 ?9ks x s c]ta91 t he decl>es ! contr>y op9ion to be de/itute ( probability1 & draws "s admirable conclusions f x1 su* z ! foll[+1 :i* he calls #8! conclusion ( conclusions--conclusionum conclusio3' #8,t a prie/ n only may kill a sl&]]1 b !re are c]ta9 circum/ances 9 :i* x may be 8 duty to d s--etiam aliqu&o debet occid]e4' ,he exam9es a great _m new que/ions on ?is pr9ciple1 su* z ! foll[+1 = in/ance3 #8,may ! ,jesuits kill ! ,jans5i/s8'0 8,a curi\s po9t ( div9ity t1 fa!r60 cri$ ,i4 8,i hold ! ,jans5i/s to be z good z dead m51 accord+ to ,fa!r ,lamy's doctr9e40 8,!re n[1 y are 9 ! wrong10 said ! monk3 8,c>amuel inf]s ! v rev]se f ! same pr9ciples40 8,& h[ s1 fa!r80 8,because10 he repli$1 8x is n 9 ! p[] ( ! ,jans5i/s to injure our reputation4 #8,! ,jans5i/s1' says he1 #8call ! ,jesuits ,pelagians2 may !y n be kill$ = t8 ,no2 inasmu* z ! ,jans5i/s c no m obscure ! glory ( ! ,society ?an an owl c eclipse t ( ! sun2 on ! contr>y1 !y h1 ?\gh aga9/ _! int5tion1 enhanc$ x--occidi non possunt1 quia noc]e non potu]unt4'0 8,ha1 fa!r6 d ! lives ( ! ,jans5i/s1 !n1 dep5d on ! cont+5cy ( _! injur+ y\r reputation8 ,if s1 ,i reckon !m f> f be+ 9 a safe position2 = suppos+ x %\ld be ?\ght 9 ! slighte/ degree probable t !y might d y "s mis*ief1 :y1 !y are killable at once6 ,y h only to draw up a syllogism 9 due =m1 &1 ) a direction ( ! int5tion1 y may despat* y\r man at once ) a safe consci5ce4 ,?rice happy mu/ ^? hot spirits be :o _c be> ) injuries1 to be in/ruct$ 9 ?is doctr9e6 ,b woe to ! poor p :o h (f5d$ !m6 ,inde$1 fa!r1 x w\ld be bett] to h to d ) p]sons :o h no religion at all1 ?an ) ^? :o h be5 taught on ?is sy/em4 ,=1 aft] all1 ! int5tion ( ! w\nd] conveys no com=t to ! w\nd$4 ,! poor man sees no?+ ( t secret direction ( :i* y speak2 he is only s5sible ( ! direction ( ! bl[ t is dealt him4 ,& ,i am by no means sure b a p]son w\ld feel mu* less sorry to see himself brutally kill$ by an infuriat$ villa91 ?an to f9d himself consci5ti\sly /iletto$ by a devotee4 ,to be pla9 ) y1 fa!r1 ,i am some:at /agg]$ at all ?is2 & ^! que/ions ( ,fa!r ,lamy & ,c>amuel d n please me at all40 8,h[ s80 cri$ ! monk4 8,are y a ,jans5i/80 8,i h ano!r reason = x10 ,i repli$4 8,y mu/ "k ,i am 9 ! habit ( writ+ f "t to "t1 to a fri5d ( m9e 9 ! c\ntry1 all t ,i c le>n ( ! maxims ( y\r doctors4 ,n[1 al?\gh ,i d no m ?an simply report & fai?fully quote _! own words1 yet ,i am appreh5sive le/ my lett] %\ld fall into ! h&s ( "s /ray g5ius1 :o may take into 8 head t ,i h done y injury1 & may draw "s mis*iev\s conclusion f y\r premises40 8,away60 cri$ ! monk2 8no fe> ( dang] f t qu>t]1 ,i'll give y my ^w = x4 ,"k t :at our fa!rs h !mselves pr9t$1 ) ! approbation ( our sup]iors1 x _c be wrong to read nor dang]\s to publi%40 ,i write y1 !re=e1 on ! fai? ( ?is wor?y fa!r's ^w ( honor4 ,b1 9 ! mean "t1 ,i mu/ /op = want ( pap]--n ( passages2 = ,i h got z _m m 9 res]ve1 & good ones too1 z w\ld require volumes to conta9 !m4--,i am1 c4#agb ----- ,footnote #afb3 ,?is ,lett] 0 revis$ by ,m4 ,nicole4 ,footnote #afc3 ,9 praxi3 liv4 xxi41 num4 #fb1 p4 #bfj4 ,footnote #afd3 ,de ,j41 liv4 ii41 c4 #i1 d4 #ab1 n4 #gi4 ,footnote #afe3 ,9 8 book1 ,de ,spe1 vol4 ii41 d4 #ae1 sec4 #d1 #hdh4 ,footnote #aff3 ,de ,sub4 ,pecc41 diff4 #i2 ,diana1 p4 #e2 tr4 #ad1 r4 #ii4 ,footnote #afg3 ,be=e ! age ( ,l\is ,,xiv4 ! practice ( duell+ prevail$ 9 ,france to su* a frightful ext5t t a writ]1 :o is n giv5 to exagg]ate 9 su* matt]s1 says1 t 8,x _h done z mu* to depopulate ! c\ntry z ! civil & =eign w>s1 & t 9 ! c\rse ( tw5ty ye>s1 t5 ( :i* _h be5 di/urb$ by w>1 m ,fr5*m5 p]i%$ by ! h&s ( ,fr5*m5 ?an by ^? ( _! enemies40 7,voltaire1 ,sicle de ,l\is ,,xiv41 p4 #db47 ,! abolition ( ?is b>b>\s cu/om 0 "o ( ! greate/ s]vices :i* ,l\is ,,xiv4 r5d]$ to 8 c\ntry4 ,?is 0 n fully accompli%$ till #affc1 :5 a bloody combat ( f\r aga9/ f\r det]m9$ him to put an end to ! practice1 by mak+ x dea?1 )\t b5efit ( cl]gy1 to s5d or accept a *all5ge4 ,footnote #afh3 ,san*ez1 ,!ol4 ,mor41 liv4 ii4 c4 #ci1 n4 #g4 ,footnote #afi3 ,escob>1 tr4 #f1 ex4 #d1 n4 #bf1 #ef4 ,footnote #agj3 ,francois ,amicus1 or ,l',amy1 0 *ancellor ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,gratz4 ,9 8 ,c\rs ,!ologique1 publi%$ 9 #afdb he advances ! mo/ dang]\s t5ets1 p>ticul>ly on ! subject ( murd]4 ,footnote #aga3 ,?is is true2 b 9 ! case ( h]etics1 at lea/1 !y f\nd out a conv5i5t mode ( compromis+ ! matt]4 ,hav+ condemn$ _! victim z wor?y ( dea?1 he 0 deliv]$ ov] to ! secul> c\rt1 ) ! disgu/+ f>ce ( a recomm5dation to m]cy1 c\*$ 9 ^! t]ms3 8,my "l judge1 we beg ( y ) all possible affection1 = ! love ( ,god1 & z y w\ld expect ! gifts ( m]cy & compassion1 & ! b5efit ( our pray]s1 n to d any?+ injuri\s to ?is mis]able man1 t5d+ to dea? or ! mutilation ( 8 body60 7,cresp91 ,hi/4 des ,m>tyres1 p4 #ahe47 ,footnote #agb3 ,x may be notic$ "h1 t ,fa!r ,daniel has attempt$ to evade ! ma9 *>ge aga9/ ! ,jesuits 9 ?is lett] by adroitly alt]+ ! /ate ( ! "q4 ,he argues t ! int5tion is ! s\l ( an action1 & t :i* (t5 makes x good or evil2 ?us cunn+ly ins9uat+ t 8 casui/s ref] only to indiff]5t actions1 9 reg>d to :i* nobody d5ies t x is ! int5tion t makes !m good or bad4 7,entreti5s de ,cle&re et d',eudoxe1 p4 #ccd47 ,x is unnecess>y to d m ?an ref] ! read] back to ! in/ances cit$ 9 ! lett]1 to conv9ce him t :at ^! casui/s really ma9ta9 is1 t actions 9 !mselves evil1 may be all[$1 provid$ ! int5tions are good2 &1 moreov]1 t 9 ord] to make ^! int5tions good1 x is n necess>y t !y h any ref]5ce to ,god1 b suffici5t if !y ref] to our own conv5i5ce1 cupidity or vanity4 7,apologie des ,lettres ,prov9ciales1 pp4 #bab-bba47 ,,lett] ,,viii4#agc ,,corrupt ,,maxims ,,( ,,! ,,casui/s ,,relat+ ,,to ,,judges--,,usur]s--,,! ,,contract ,,mohatra--,,bankrupts--,,re/itution--,, div]s ,,ridicul\s ,,notions ,,( ,,^! ,,same ,,casui/s4 ,,p>is1 ,may #bh1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,y did n suppose t anybody w\ld h ! curiosity to "k :o we 72 b x seems !re are p :o are try+ to make x out1 ?\gh !y are n v happy 9 _! conjectures4 ,"s take me = a doctor ( ! ,sorbonne2 o!rs ascribe my lett]s to f\r or five p]sons1 :o1 l me1 are nei!r prie/s nor ,*ur*m54 ,all ^! false surmises conv9ce me t ,i h succe$$ pretty well 9 my object1 :i* 0 to conceal myself f all b y\rself & ! wor?y monk1 :o /ill cont9ues to be> ) my visits1 :ile ,i /ill contrive1 ?\gh ) consid]able difficulty1 to be> ) 8 conv]sations4 ,i am oblig$1 h[ev]1 to re/ra9 myself2 = 7 he to discov] h[ mu* ,i am %ock$ at 8 communications1 he w\ld discont9ue !m1 & ?us put x out ( my p[] to fulfil ! promise ,i gave y1 ( mak+ y acqua9t$ ) _! morality4 ,y ought to ?9k a great deal ( ! viol5ce :i* ,i ?us d to my own feel+s4 ,x is no easy matt]1 ,i c assure y1 to /& /ill & see ! :ole sy/em ( ,*ri/ian e?ics und]m9$ by su* a set ( mon/r\s pr9ciples1 )\t d>+ to put 9 a ^w ( flat contradiction aga9/ !m4 ,b aft] hav+ borne s mu* = y\r satisfaction1 ,i am resolv$ ,i %all bur/ out = my own satisfaction 9 ! end1 :5 8 /ock ( in=mation has be5 exhau/$4 ,mean:ile1 ,i %all repress my feel+s z mu* z ,i possibly c2 = ,i f9d t ! m ,i hold my tongue1 he is ! m communicative4 ,! la/ "t ,i saw him1 he told me s _m ?+s1 t ,i %all h "s difficulty 9 repeat+ !m all4 ,on ! po9t ( re/itution y w f9d !y h "s mo/ conv5i5t pr9ciples4 ,=1 h[ev] ! good monk palliates 8 maxims1 ^? :i* ,i am ab\t to lay be=e y really g to sanction corrupt judges1 usur]s1 bankrupts1 ?ieves1 pro/itutes & sorc]]s--all ( :om are mo/ lib]ally absolv$ f ! obligation ( re/or+ _! ill-gott5 ga9s4 ,x 0 ?us ! monk resum$ ! conv]sation3-- 8,at ! comm5cem5t ( our int]views1 ,i engag$ to expla9 to y ! maxims ( our au?ors = all ranks & classes2 & y h already se5 ^? t relate to b5efici>ies1 to prie/s1 to monks1 to dome/ics1 & to g5tlem54 ,let u n[ take a cursory glance ( ! rema9+1 & beg9 ) ! judges4 8,n[ ,i am go+ to tell y "o ( ! mo/ important & advantage\s maxims :i* our fa!rs h laid d[n 9 _! favor4 ,its au?or is ! le>n$ ,ca/ro ,palao1 "o ( our f\r-&-tw5ty eld]s4 ,8 words are3 #8,may a judge1 9 a "q ( "r & wrong1 pron\nce accord+ to a probable op9ion1 9 pref]5ce to ! m probable op9ion8 ,he may1 ev5 ?\gh x %\ld be contr>y to 8 own judgm5t--imo contra propriam op9ionem4'0 8,well1 fa!r10 cri$ ,i1 8t is a v fair comm5cem5t6 ,! judges1 surely1 are greatly oblig$ to y2 & ,i am surpris$ t !y %\ld be s ho/ile1 z we h sometimes obs]v$1 to y\r probabilities1 see+ ^! are s favorable to !m4 ,= x w\ld appe> f ?is1 t y give !m ! same p[] ov] m5's =tunes1 z y h giv5 to y\rselves ov] _! consci5ces40 8,y p]ceive we are f> f be+ actuat$ by self-int]e/10 return$ he2 8we h _h no o!r end 9 view ?an ! repose ( _! consci5ces2 & to ! same useful purpose has our great ,mol9a devot$ 8 att5tion1 9 reg>d to ! pres5ts :i* may be made !m4 ,to remove any scruples :i* !y might ent]ta9 9 accept+ ( ^! on c]ta9 occasions1 he has be5 at ! pa9s to draw out a li/ ( all ^? cases 9 :i* bribes may be tak5 ) a good consci5ce1 provid$1 at lea/1 !re be no special law =bidd+ !m4 ,he says3 #8,judges may receive pres5ts f p>ties1 :5 !y are giv5 !m ei!r = fri5d%ip's sake1 or 9 gratitude = "s =m] act ( ju/ice1 or to induce !m to give ju/ice 9 future1 or to oblige !m to pay p>ticul> att5tion to _! case1 or to engage !m to despat* x promptly4' ,! le>n$ ,escob> deliv]s himself to ! same effect3 #8,if !re be a numb] ( p]sons1 none ( :om h m "r ?an ano!r to h _! causes dispos$ (1 w ! judge :o accepts ( some?+ f "o ( !m on condition--ex pacto--( tak+ up 8 cause fir/1 be guilty ( s98 ,c]ta9ly n1 accord+ to ,layman2 =1 9 common equity1 he does no injury to ! re/1 by grant+ to "o1 9 consid]ation ( 8 pres5t1 :at he 0 at lib]ty to grant to any ( !m he pleas$2 & besides1 be+ "u an equal obligation to !m all 9 respect ( _! "r1 he becomes m oblig$ to ! individual :o furni%$ ! donation1 :o !reby acquir$ = himself a pref]5ce above ! re/--a pref]5ce :i* seems capable ( a pecuni>y valuation--qu obligatio videtur pretio /imabilis4'0 8,may x please y\r rev]5ce10 said ,i1 8aft] su* a p]mission1 ,i am surpris$ t ! fir/ magi/rates ( ! k+dom %\ld "k no bett]4 ,= ! fir/ presid5t#agd has actually c>ri$ an ord] 9 ,p>liam5t to prev5t c]ta9 cl]ks ( c\rt f tak+ money = t v sort ( pref]5ce--a sign t he is f> f ?9k+ x all[able 9 judges2 & ev]ybody has applaud$ ?is z a re=m ( great b5efit to all p>ties40 ,! wor?y monk 0 surpris$ at ?is piece ( intellig5ce1 & repli$3 8,are y sure ( t8 ,i he>d no?+ ab\t x4 ,our op9ion1 recollect1 is only probable2 ! contr>y is probable also40 8,to tell y ! tru?1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8p ?9k t ! fir/ presid5t has act$ m ?an probably well1 & t he has ?us put a /op to a c\rse ( public corruption :i* has be5 too long w9k$ at40 8,i am n f> f be+ ( ! same m9d10 return$ he2 8b let u waive t po9t1 & say no m ab\t ! judges40 8,y are q "r1 sir10 said ,i2 8inde$1 !y are n half ?ankful en\gh = all y h done = !m40 8,t is n my reason10 said ! fa!r2 8b !re is s mu* to be said on all ! diff]5t classes1 t we mu/ /udy brevity on ea* ( !m4 ,let u n[ say a ^w or two ab\t m5 ( bus9ess4 ,y are aw>e t our great difficulty ) ^! g5tlem5 is to keep !m f usury--an object to accompli% :i* our fa!rs h be5 at p>ticul> pa9s2 = !y hold ?is vice 9 su* abhorr5ce1 t ,escob> decl>es #8x is h]esy to say t usury is no s92' & ,fa!r ,bauny has fill$ sev]al pages ( 8 ,summ>y ( ,s9s ) ! pa9s & p5alties due to usur]s4 ,he decl>es !m #8infam\s dur+ _! life1 & unwor?y ( sepulture aft] _! dea?4'0 8,o de>60 cri$ ,i1 8,i _h no idea he 0 s sev]e40 8,he c be sev]e en\gh :5 !re is occasion = x10 said ! monk2 8b !n ?is le>n$ casui/1 hav+ obs]v$ t "s are allur$ into usury m]ely f ! love ( ga91 rem>ks 9 ! same place1 t #8he w\ld conf] no small obligation on society1 :o1 :ile he gu>d$ x aga9/ ! evil effects ( usury1 & ( ! s9 :i* gives bir? to x1 w\ld sugge/ a me?od by :i* "o's money might secure z l>ge1 if n a l>g] pr(it1 9 "s hone/ & lawful employm5t1 ?an he c\ld d]ive f usuri\s deal+s4'0 8,und\bt$ly1 fa!r1 !re w\ld be no m usur]s aft] t40 8,accord+ly10 cont9u$ he1 8our casui/ has sugge/$ #8a g5]al me?od = all sorts ( p]sons--g5tlem51 presid5ts1 c\ncillors1' c42 & a v simple process x is1 consi/+ only 9 ! use ( c]ta9 words :i* mu/ be pron\nc$ by ! p]son 9 ! act ( l5d+ 8 money2 aft] :i* he may take 8 int]e/ = x )\t fe> ( be+ a usur]1 :i* he c]ta9ly w\ld be on any o!r plan40 8,& pray :at may ^? my/]i\s words be1 fa!r80 8,i w give y !m exactly 9 8 own words10 said ! fa!r2 8= he has writt5 8 ,summ>y 9 ,fr5*1 y "k1 #8t x may be und]/ood by ev]ybody1' z he says 9 ! preface3 #8,! p]son f :om ! loan is ask$1 mu/ answ]1 !n1 9 ?is mann]3 ,i h got no money to l5d2 ,i h got a little1 h[ev]1 to lay out = an hone/ & lawful pr(it4 ,if y are anxi\s to h ! sum y m5tion 9 ord] to make some?+ ( x by y\r indu/ry1 divid+ ! pr(it & loss betwe5 u1 ,i may p]haps be able to accommodate y4 ,b n[ ,i ?9k ( x1 z x may be a matt] ( difficulty to agree ab\t ! pr(it1 if y w secure me a c]ta9 portion ( x1 & give me s mu* = my pr9cipal1 s t x incur no risk1 we may come to t]ms mu* soon]1 & y %all t\* ! ca% imm$iately4' ,is n t an easy plan = ga9+ money )\t s98 ,& has n ,fa!r ,bauny good reason = conclud+ ) ^! words3 #8,su*1 9 my op9ion1 is an excell5t plan by :i* a great _m p1 :o n[ provoke ! j indignation ( ,god by _! usuries1 extortions1 & illicit b>ga9s1 might save !mselves1 9 ! way ( mak+ good1 hone/1 & legitimate pr(its8'0 8,o sir60 ,i exclaim$1 8:at pot5t words ^! mu/ be6 ,d\btless !y mu/ possess "s lat5t virtue to *ase away ! demon ( usury :i* ,i "k no?+ (1 =1 9 my poor judgm5t1 ,i always ?\ght t t vice consi/$ 9 recov]+ m money ?an :at 0 l5t40 8,y "k little ab\t x inde$10 he repli$4 8,usury1 accord+ to our fa!rs1 consi/s 9 little m ?an ! int5tion ( tak+ ! int]e/ z usuri\s4 ,escob>1 accord+ly1 %[s y h[ y may avoid usury by a simple %ift ( ! int5tion4 #8,x w\ld be d[nright usury1' says he1 #8to take int]e/ f ! borr[]1 if we %\ld exact x z due 9 po9t ( ju/ice2 b if only exact$ z due 9 po9t ( gratitude1 x is n usury4 ,aga91 x is n lawful to h directly ! int5tion ( pr(it+ by ! money l5t2 b to claim x ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! b5evol5ce ( ! borr[]--m$ia b5evol5tia--is n usury4' ,^! are subtle me?ods2 b1 to my m9d1 ! be/ ( !m all 7= we h a great *oice ( !m7 is t ( ! ,mohatra b>ga940 8,! ,mohatra1 fa!r60 8,y are n acqua9t$ ) x1 ,i see10 return$ he4 8,! "n is ! only /range ?+ ab\t x4 ,escob> w expla9 x to y3 #8,! ,mohatra b>ga9 is effect$ by ! ne$y p]son pur*as+ "s goods at a high price & on cr$it1 9 ord] to sell !m ov] aga91 at ! same "t & to ! same m]*ant1 = ready money & at a *eap rate4' ,?is is :at we call ! ,mohatra--a sort ( b>ga91 y p]ceive1 by :i* a p]son receives a c]ta9 sum ( ready money1 by becom+ b\nd to pay m40 8,b1 sir1 ,i really ?9k nobody b ,escob> has employ$ su* a t]m z t2 is x to be f\nd 9 any o!r book80 8,h[ little y d "k ( :at is go+ on1 to be sure60 cri$ ! fa!r4 8,:y1 ! la/ "w on !ological morality1 pr9t$ at ,p>is ?is v ye>1 speaks ( ! ,mohatra1 & le>n$ly1 too4 ,x is call$ ,epilogus ,summ>um1 & is an abridgm5t ( all ! summ>ies ( div9ity--extract$ f ,su>ez1 ,san*ez1 ,lessius1 ,fagundez1 ,hurtado1 & o!r celebrat$ casui/s1 z ! title be>s4 ,!re y w f9d x said1 at p4 #ed1 t #8! ,mohatra b>ga9 takes place :5 a man :o has occasion = tw5ty pi/oles pur*ases f a m]*ant goods to ! am\nt ( ?irty pi/oles1 payable )9 a ye>1 & sells !m back to him on ! spot = tw5ty pi/oles ready money4' ,?is %[s y t ! ,mohatra is n su* an unhe>d-( t]m z y suppos$40 8,b1 fa!r1 is t sort ( b>ga9 lawful80 8,escob>10 repli$ he1 8tells u 9 ! same place1 t !re are laws :i* prohibit x "u v sev]e p5alties40 8,x is useless1 !n1 ,i suppose80 8,n at all2 ,escob>1 9 ! same passage1 sugge/s exp$i5ts = mak+ x lawful3 #8,x is s1 ev5 ?\gh ! pr9cipal int5tion bo? ( ! buy] & sell] is to make money by ! transaction1 provid$ ! sell]1 9 dispos+ ( ! goods1 does n exce$ _! highe/ price1 & 9 re-pur*as+ !m does n g bel[ _! l[e/ price1 & t no previ\s b>ga9 has be5 made1 expressly or o!rwise4' ,lessius1 h[ev]1 ma9ta9s1 t #8ev5 ?\gh ! m]*ant has sold 8 goods1 ) ! int5tion ( re-pur*as+ !m at ! l[e/ price1 he is n b\nd to make re/itution ( ! pr(it ?us acquir$1 unless1 p]haps1 z an act ( *>ity1 9 ! case ( ! p]son f :om x has be5 exact$ be+ 9 poor circum/ances1 & n ev5 !n1 if he _c d x )\t inconv5i5ce--si commode non pote/4' ,?is is ! utmo/ l5g? to :i* !y c\ld g40 8,inde$1 sir10 said ,i1 8any fur!r indulg5ce w\ld1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 be r too mu*40 8,oh1 our fa!rs "k v well :5 x is "t = !m to /op60 cri$ ! monk4 8,s mu*1 !n1 = ! utility ( ! ,mohatra4 ,i might h m5tion$ sev]al o!r me?ods1 b ^! may suffice2 & ,i h n[ to say a little 9 reg>d to ^? :o are 9 emb>rass$ circum/ances4 ,our casui/s h s\ght to relieve !m1 accord+ to _! condition ( life4 ,=1 if !y h n en\gh ( prop]ty = a dec5t ma9t5ance1 & at ! same "t = pay+ _! debts1 !y p]mit !m to secure a portion by mak+ a bankruptcy ) _! cr$itors4#age ,?is has be5 decid$ by ,lessius1 & confirm$ by ,escob>1 z foll[s3 #8,may a p]son :o turns bankrupt1 ) a good consci5ce keep back z mu* ( 8 p]sonal e/ate z may be necess>y to ma9ta9 8 family 9 a respectable way--ne indecor vivat8 ,i hold1 ) ,lessius1 t he may1 ev5 ?\gh he may h acquir$ 8 weal? unju/ly & by notori\s crimes--ex inju/itia et notorio delicto2 only1 9 ?is case1 he is n at lib]ty to reta9 s l>ge an am\nt z he o!rwise might4'0 8,inde$1 fa!r6 :at a /range sort ( *>ity is ?is1 to all[ prop]ty to rema9 9 ! h&s ( ! man :o has acquir$ x by rap9e1 to support him 9 8 extravagance r ?an g into ! h&s ( 8 cr$itors1 to :om x legitimately belongs60 8,x is impossible to please ev]ybody10 repli$ ! fa!r2 8& we h made x our p>ticul> /udy to relieve ^! un=tunate p4 ,?is p>tiality to ! poor has induc$ our great ,vasquez1 cit$ by ,ca/ro ,palao1 to say1 t #8if "o saw a ?ief go+ to rob a poor man1 x w\ld be lawful to div]t him f 8 purpose by po9t+ out to him "s ri* individual1 :om he might rob 9 place ( ! o!r4' ,if y h n access to ,vasquez or ,ca/ro ,palao1 y w f9d ! same ?+ 9 y\r copy ( ,escob>2 =1 z y are aw>e1 8 "w is little m ?an a compilation f tw5ty-f\r ( ! mo/ celebrat$ ( our fa!rs4 ,y w f9d x 9 8 treatise1 entitl$ #8,! ,practice ( our ,society1 9 ! matt] ( ,*>ity t[>ds our ,neighbors4'0 8,a v s+ul> k9d ( *>ity ?is10 ,i obs]v$1 8to save "o man f suff]+ loss1 by inflict+ x ^u ano!r6 ,b ,i suppose t1 to complete ! *>ity1 ! *>itable advis] w\ld be b\nd 9 consci5ce to re/ore to ! ri* man ! sum :i* he _h made him lose80 8,n at all1 sir10 return$ ! monk2 8= he did n rob ! man--he only advis$ ! o!r to d x4 ,b only att5d to ?is notable decision ( ,fa!r ,bauny1 on a case :i* w /ill m a/oni% y1 & 9 :i* y w\ld suppose !re 0 a mu* /rong] obligation to make re/itution4 ,"h are 8 id5tical words3 #8,a p]son asks a soldi] to beat 8 neighbor1 or to set fire to ! b>n ( a man t has injur$ him4 ,! "q is1 ,:e!r1 9 ! abs5ce ( ! soldi]1 ! p]son :o employ$ him to commit ^! outrages is b\nd to make rep>ation out ( 8 own pocket = ! damage t has foll[$8 ,my op9ion is1 t he is n4 ,= none c be held b\nd to re/itution1 :]e !re has be5 no violation ( ju/ice2 & is ju/ice violat$ by ask+ ano!r to d u a favor8 ,z to ! nature ( ! reque/ :i* he made1 he is at lib]ty ei!r to ackn[l$ge or d5y x2 to :atev] side he may incl9e1 x is a matt] ( m]e *oice2 no?+ obliges him to x1 unless x may be ! goodness1 g5tl5ess1 & eas9ess ( 8 disposition4 ,if ! soldi]1 !re=e1 makes no rep>ation = ! mis*ief he has done1 x ought n to be exact$ f him at ^: reque/ he injur$ ! innoc5t4'0 ,?is s5t5ce _h v ne>ly brok5 up ! :ole conv]sation1 = ,i 0 on ! po9t ( bur/+ into a laugh at ! idea ( ! goodness & g5tl5ess ( a burn] ( b>ns1 & at ^! /range sophisms :i* w\ld exempt f ! duty ( re/itution ! pr9cipal & real inc5di>y1 :om ! civil magi/rate w\ld n exempt f ! halt]4 ,b _h ,i n re/ra9$ myself1 ! wor?y monk1 :o 0 p]fectly s]i\s1 w\ld h be5 displeas$2 he proce$$1 !re=e1 )\t any alt]ation ( c\nt5ance1 9 8 obs]vations4 8,f su* a mass ( evid5ce1 y ought to be satisfi$ n[ ( ! futility ( y\r objections2 b we are los+ sight ( our subject4 ,to rev]t1 !n1 to ! succor :i* our fa!rs apply to p]sons 9 /rait5$ circum/ances1 ,lessius1 among o!rs1 ma9ta9s t #8x is lawful to /eal1 n only 9 a case ( extreme necessity1 b ev5 :]e ! necessity is grave1 ?\gh n extreme4'0 8,?is is some:at />tl+1 fa!r10 said ,i4 8,!re are v few p 9 ?is _w :o d n consid] _! cases ( necessity to be grave ones1 & to :om1 accord+ly1 y w\ld n give ! "r ( /eal+ ) a good consci5ce4 ,& ?\gh y %\ld re/rict ! p]mission to ^? only :o are really & truly 9 t condition1 y op5 ! door to an inf9ite numb] ( petty l>c5ies :i* ! magi/rates w\ld puni% 9 spite ( y\r #8grave necessity1' & :i* y ought to repress on a high] pr9ciple--y :o are b\nd by y\r (fice to be ! cons]vators1 n ( ju/ice only1 b ( *>ity betwe5 man & man1 a grace :i* ?is p]mission w\ld de/roy4 ,= aft] all1 n[1 is x n a violation ( ! law ( *>ity1 & ( our duty to our neighbor1 to deprive a man ( 8 prop]ty 9 ord] to turn x to our own advantage8 ,su*1 at lea/1 is ! way ,i h be5 taught to ?9k hi!rto40 8,t w n always hold true10 repli$ ! monk2 8= our great ,mol9a has taught u t #8! rule ( *>ity does n b9d u to deprive ourselves ( a pr(it1 9 ord] !reby to save our neighbor f a correspond+ loss4' ,he advances ?is 9 corroboration ( :at he _h und]tak5 to prove--#8t "o is n b\nd 9 consci5ce to re/ore ! goods :i* ano!r _h put into 8 h&s 9 ord] to *eat 8 cr$itors4' ,lessius holds ! same op9ion1 on ! same gr\nd4#agf ,all[ me to say1 sir1 t y h too little compassion = p 9 di/ress4 ,our fa!rs h _h m *>ity ?an t comes to3 !y r5d] ample ju/ice to ! poor1 z well z ! ri*2 &1 ,i may add1 to s9n]s z well z sa9ts4 ,=1 ?\gh f> f hav+ any pr$ilection = crim9als1 !y d n scruple to tea* t ! prop]ty ga9$ by crime may be lawfully reta9$4 #8,no p]son1' says ,lessius1 speak+ g5]ally1 #8is b\nd1 ei!r by ! law ( nature or by positive laws 7t is1 by any law71 to make re/itution ( :at has be5 ga9$ by committ+ a crim9al action1 su* z adult]y1 ev5 ?\gh t action is contr>y to ju/ice4' ,=1 z ,escob> comm5ts on ?is writ]1 #8?\gh ! prop]ty :i* a woman acquires by adult]y is c]ta9ly ga9$ 9 an illicit way1 yet once acquir$1 ! possession ( x is lawful--quamvis muli] illicit acquisat1 licit tam5 ret9et acquisita4' ,x is on ?is pr9ciple t ! mo/ celebrat$ ( our writ]s h =mally decid$ t ! bribe receiv$ by a judge f "o ( ! p>ties :o has a bad case1 9 ord] to procure an unju/ decision 9 8 favor1 ! money got by a soldi] = kill+ a man1 or ! emolum5ts ga9$ by infam\s crimes1 may be legitimately reta9$4 ,escob>1 :o has collect$ ?is f a numb] ( our au?ors1 lays d[n ?is g5]al rule on ! po9t1 t #8! means acquir$ by infam\s c\rses1 su* z murd]1 unju/ decisions1 pr(ligacy1 c41 are legitimately possess$1 & none are oblig$ to re/ore !m4' ,& fur!r1 #8!y may dispose ( :at !y h receiv$ = homicide1 pr(ligacy1 c41 z !y please2 = ! possession is j1 & !y h acquir$ a propriety 9 ! fruits ( _! iniquity4'0#agg 8,my de> fa!r10 cri$ ,i1 8?is is a mode ( acquisition :i* ,i nev] he>d ( be=e2 & ,i "q mu* if ! law w hold x good1 or if x w consid] assass9ation1 inju/ice1 & adult]y1 z giv+ valid titles to prop]ty40 8,i d n "k :at y\r law-books may say on ! po9t10 return$ ! monk2 8b ,i "k well t our books1 :i* are ! g5u9e rules = consci5ce1 be> me out 9 :at ,i say4 ,x is true !y make "o exception1 9 :i* re/itution is positively enjo9$2 t is1 9 ! case ( any receiv+ money f ^? :o h no "r to dispose ( _! prop]ty1 su* z m9ors & monks4 #8,unless1' says ! great ,mol9a1 #8a woman has receiv$ money f "o :o _c dispose ( x1 su* z a monk or a m9or--nisi muli] accepisset ab eo qui ali5>e non pote/1 ut a religioso et filio familias4 ,9 ?is case %e mu/ give back ! money4' ,& s says ,escob>40#agh 8,may x please y\r rev]5ce10 said ,i1 8! monks1 ,i see1 are m highly favor$ 9 ?is way ?an o!r p40 8,by no means10 he repli$2 8h !y n done z mu* g5]ally = all m9ors1 9 :i* class monks may be view$ z cont9u+ all _! lives8 ,x is b>ely an act ( ju/ice to make !m an exception2 b ) reg>d to all o!r p1 !re is no obligation :atev] to refund to !m ! money receiv$ f !m = a crim9al action4 ,=1 z has be5 amply %[n by ,lessius1 #8a wick$ action may h its price fix$ 9 money1 by calculat+ ! advantage receiv$ by ! p]son :o ord]s x to be done1 & ! tr\ble tak5 by him :o c>ries x into execution2 on :i* acc\nt ! latt] is n b\nd to re/ore ! money he got = ! de$1 :atev] t may h be5--homicide1 inju/ice1 or a f\l act' 7= su* are ! illu/rations :i* he uni=mly employs 9 ?is "q72 #8unless he obta9$ ! money f ^? hav+ no "r to dispose ( _! prop]ty4 ,y may object1 p]haps1 t he :o has obta9$ money = a piece ( wick$ness is s9n+1 & !re=e ought nei!r to receive nor reta9 x4 ,b ,i reply1 t aft] ! ?+ is done1 !re c be no s9 ei!r 9 giv+ or 9 receiv+ paym5t = x4' ,! great ,filiutius ent]s /ill m m9utely into details1 rem>k+1 #8t a man is b\nd 9 consci5ce1 to v>y 8 paym5ts = actions ( ?is sort1 accord+ to ! diff]5t conditions ( ! individuals :o commit !m1 & "s may br+ a high] price ?an o!rs4' ,?is he confirms by v solid argum5ts40#agi ,he !n po9t$ out to me1 9 8 au?ors1 "s ?+s ( ?is nature s indelicate t ,i %\ld be a%am$ to repeat !m2 & inde$ ! monk himself1 :o is a good man1 w\ld h be5 horrifi$ at !m himself1 7 x n = ! pr(\nd respect :i* he ent]ta9s = 8 fa!rs1 & :i* makes him receive ) v5]ation ev]y?+ t proce$s f !m4 ,mean:ile1 ,i held my tongue1 n s mu* ) ! view ( all[+ him to enl>ge on ?is matt]1 z f pure a/oni%m5t at f9d+ ! books ( m5 9 holy ord]s /uff$ ) s5tim5ts at once s horrible1 s iniquit\s1 & s silly4 ,he w5t on1 !re=e1 )\t int]ruption 9 8 disc\rse1 conclud+ z foll[s3-- 8,f ^! premises1 our illu/ri\s ,mol9a decides ! foll[+ "q 7& aft] ?is1 ,i ?9k y w h got en\gh73 #8,if "o has receiv$ money to p]petrate a wick$ action1 is he oblig$ to re/ore x8 ,we mu/ di/+ui% "h1' says ?is great man2 #8if he has n done ! de$1 he mu/ give back ! ca%2 if he has1 he is "u no su* obligation6'#ahj ,su* are "s ( our pr9ciples t\*+ re/itution4 ,y h got a great deal ( in/ruction to-day2 & ,i %\ld l1 n[1 to see :at pr(ici5cy y h made4 ,come1 !n1 answ] me ?is "q3 #8,is a judge1 :o has receiv$ a sum ( money f "o ( ! p>ties be=e him1 9 ord] to pron\nce a judgm5t 9 8 favor1 oblig$ to make re/itution8'0 8,y 7 j tell+ me a little ago1 fa!r1 t he 0 n40 8,i told y no su* ?+10 repli$ ! fa!r2 8did ,i express myself s g5]ally8 ,i told y he 0 n b\nd to make re/itution1 provid$ he succe$$ 9 ga9+ ! cause = ! p>ty :o _h ! wrong side ( ! "q4 ,b if a man has ju/ice on 8 side1 w\ld y h him to pur*ase ! success ( 8 cause1 :i* is 8 legitimate "r8 ,y are v unconscionable4 ,ju/ice1 look y1 is a debt :i* ! judge owes1 & !re=e he _c sell x2 b he _c be said to owe inju/ice1 & !re=e he may lawfully receive money = x4 ,all our lead+ au?ors1 accord+ly1 agree 9 tea*+ #8t ?\gh a judge is b\nd to re/ore ! money he _h receiv$ = do+ an act ( ju/ice1 unless x 0 giv5 him out ( m]e g5]osity1 he is n oblig$ to re/ore :at he has receiv$ f a man 9 ^: favor he has pron\nc$ an unju/ decision4'0#aha ,?is prepo/]\s decision fairly dumbf\nd$ me1 & :ile ,i 0 mus+ on its p]nici\s t5d5cies1 ! monk _h prep>$ ano!r "q = me4 8,answ] me aga910 said he1 8) a little m circumspection4 ,tell me n[1 #8if a man :o deals 9 div9ation is oblig$ to make re/itution ( ! money he has acquir$ 9 ! ex]cise ( 8 art8'0 8,j z y please1 y\r rev]5ce10 said ,i4 8,eh6 :at6--j z ,i please6 ,inde$1 b y are a pretty s*ol>6 ,x w\ld seem1 accord+ to y\r way ( talk+1 t ! tru? dep5d$ on our w & pleasure4 ,i see t1 9 ! pres5t case1 y w\ld nev] f9d x out y\rself3 s ,i mu/ s5d y to ,san*ez = a solution ( ! problem--no less a man ?an ,san*ez4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 he makes a di/9ction betwe5 #8! case ( ! div9] :o has rec\rse to a/rology & o!r natural means1 & t ( ano!r :o employs ! diabolical art4 ,9 ! "o case1 he says1 ! div9] is b\nd to make re/itution2 9 ! o!r he is n4' ,n[1 guess :i* ( !m is ! p>ty b\nd80 8,x is n difficult to f9d out t10 said ,i4 8,i see :at y mean to say10 he repli$4 8,y ?9k t he ought to make re/itution 9 ! case ( 8 hav+ employ$ ! ag5cy ( demons4 ,b y "k no?+ ab\t x2 x is j ! rev]se4 #8,if1' says ,san*ez1 #8! sorc]] has n tak5 c>e & pa9s to discov]1 by means ( ! devil1 :at he c\ld n h kn[n o!rwise1 he mu/ make re/itution--si nullam op]am apposuit ut arte diaboli id sciret2 b if he has be5 at t tr\ble1 he is n oblig$4'0 8,& :y s1 fa!r80 8,don't y see80 return$ he4 8,x is because m5 may truly div9e by ! aid ( ! devil1 :]eas a/rology is a m]e %am40 8,b1 sir1 %\ld ! devil happ5 n to tell ! tru? 7& he is n mu* m to be tru/$ ?an a/rology71 ! magician mu/1 ,i %\ld ?9k1 = ! same reason1 be oblig$ to make re/itution80 8,n always10 repli$ ! monk3 8,di/+uo1 z ,san*ez says1 "h4 #8,if ! magician be ignorant ( ! diabolic art--si sit artis diabolic ign>us--he is b\nd to re/ore3 b if he is an exp]t sorc]]1 & has done all 9 8 p[] to arrive at ! tru?1 ! obligation ceases2 = ! indu/ry ( su* a magician may be e/imat$ at a c]ta9 sum ( money4'0 8,!re is "s s5se 9 t10 ,i said2 8= ?is is an excell5t plan to induce sorc]]s to aim at pr(ici5cy 9 _! art1 9 ! hope ( mak+ an hone/ livelihood1 z y w\ld say1 by fai?fully s]v+ ! public40 8,y are mak+ a je/ ( x1 ,i suspect10 said ! fa!r3 8t is v wrong4 ,if y 7 to talk 9 t way 9 places :]e y 7 n kn[n1 "s p might take x amiss1 & *>ge y ) turn+ sacr$ subjects into ridicule40 8,t1 fa!r1 is a *>ge f :i* ,i c\ld v easily v9dicate myself2 = c]ta9 ,i am t :oev] w be at ! tr\ble to exam9e ! true mean+ ( my words w f9d my object to be precisely ! rev]se2 & p]haps1 sir1 be=e our conv]sations are end$1 ,i may f9d an opportunity ( mak+ ?is v amply app>5t40 8,ho1 ho10 cri$ ! monk1 8!re is no laugh+ 9 y\r head n[40 8,i confess10 said ,i1 8t ! suspicion t ,i int5d$ to laugh at ?+s sacr$1 w\ld be z pa9ful = me to incur1 z x w\ld be unju/ 9 any to ent]ta9 x40 8,i did n say x 9 e>ne/10 return$ ! fa!r2 8b let u speak m s]i\sly40 8,i am q dispos$ to d s1 if y pref] x2 t dep5ds ^u y1 fa!r4 ,b ,i mu/ say1 t ,i h be5 a/oni%$ to see y\r fri5ds c>ry+ _! att5tions to all sorts & conditions ( m5 s f> z ev5 to regulate ! legitimate ga9s ( sorc]]s40 8,"o _c write = too _m p10 said ! monk1 8nor be too m9ute 9 p>ticul>iz+ cases1 nor repeat ! same ?+s too (t5 9 diff]5t books4 ,y may be conv9c$ ( ?is by ! foll[+ anecdote1 :i* is relat$ by "o ( ! grave/ ( our fa!rs1 z y may well suppose1 see+ he is our pres5t ,prov9cial--! rev]5d ,fa!r ,cellot3 #8,we "k a p]son1' says he1 #8:o 0 c>ry+ a l>ge sum ( money 9 8 pocket to re/ore x1 9 ob$i5ce to ! ord]s ( 8 confessor1 & :o1 /epp+ into a booksell]'s %op by ! way1 inquir$ if !re 0 any?+ new8--numquid novi8--:5 ! booksell] %[$ him a book on moral !ology1 rec5tly publi%$2 & turn+ ov] ! leaves c>elessly1 & )\t reflection1 he light$ ^u a passage describ+ 8 own case1 & saw t he 0 "u no obligation to make re/itution3 ^u :i*1 reliev$ f ! burd5 ( 8 scruples1 he return$ home ) a purse no less heavy1 & a he>t mu* light]1 ?an :5 he left x3--abjecta scrupuli s>c9a1 ret5to auri pond]e1 levior domum repetiit4'#ahb 8,say1 aft] he>+ t1 if x is useful or n to "k our maxims8 ,w y laugh at !m n[8 or r1 are y n prep>$ to jo9 ) ,fa!r ,cellot 9 ! pi\s reflection :i* he makes on ! bless$ness ( t incid5t8 #8,accid5ts ( t k9d1' he rem>ks1 #8are1 ) ,god1 ! effect ( 8 provid5ce2 ) ! gu>dian angel1 ! effect ( 8 good guidance2 ) ! individuals to :om !y happ51 ! effect ( _! pr$e/9ation4 ,f all et]nity1 ,god decid$ t ! gold5 *a9 ( _! salvation %\ld dep5d on su* & su* an au?or1 & n ^u a hundr$ o!rs :o say ! same ?+1 because !y nev] happ5 to meet ) !m4 ,_h t man n writt51 ?is man w\ld n h be5 sav$4 ,all1 !re=e1 :o f9d fault ) ! multitude ( our au?ors1 we w\ld besee*1 9 ! b[els ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 to bew>e ( envy+ o!rs ^? books :i* ! et]nal election ( ,god & ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ has pur*as$ = !m6' ,su* are ! eloqu5t t]ms 9 :i* ?is le>n$ man proves s successfully ! proposition :i* he _h advanc$1 namely1 #8,h[ useful x mu/ be to h a great _m writ]s on moral !ology--qum utile sit de !ologia morali multos scrib]e6'0 8,fa!r10 said ,i1 8,i %all def] giv+ y my op9ion ( t passage to ano!r opportunity2 9 ! mean "t1 ,i %all only say t z y\r maxims are s useful1 & z x is s important to publi% !m1 y ought to cont9ue to give me fur!r in/ruction 9 !m4 ,= ,i c assure y t ! p]son to :om ,i s5d !m %[s my lett]s to a great _m p4 ,n t we int5d to avail ourselves ( !m 9 our own case2 b inde$ we ?9k x w be useful = ! _w to be in=m$ ab\t !m40 8,v well10 rejo9$ ! monk1 8y see ,i d n conceal !m2 &1 9 cont9uation1 ,i am ready to furni% y1 at our next int]view1 ) an acc\nt ( ! com=ts & indulg5ces :i* our fa!rs all[1 ) ! view ( r5d]+ salvation easy1 & devotion agreeable2 s t 9 addition to :at y h hi!rto le>n$ z to p>ticul> conditions ( m51 y may le>n :at applies 9 g5]al to all classes1 & ?us y w h gone ?r\gh a complete c\rse ( in/ruction40--,s say+1 ! monk took 8 leave ( me4--,i am1 c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p4 ,s4--,i h always =got to tell y t !re are diff]5t editions ( ,escob>4 ,%\ld y ?9k ( pur*as+ him1 ,i w\ld advise y to *oose ! ,lyons edition1 hav+ on ! title-page ! device ( a lamb ly+ on a book seal$ ) sev5 seals2 or ! ,brussels edition ( #afea4 ,bo? ( ^! are bett] & l>g] ?an ! previ\s editions publi%$ at ,lyons 9 ! ye>s #afdd & #afdf4ahc ----- ,footnote #agc3 ,?is ,lett] also 0 revis$ by ,m4 ,nicole4 ,footnote #agd3 ,! presid5t ref]r$ to 0 ,pompone de ,bellievre1 on :om ,m4 ,pelisson pron\nc$ a beautiful eulogy4 ,footnote #age3 ,! ,jesuits exemplifi$ _! own maxim 9 ?is case by ! fam\s bankruptcy ( _! ,college ( ,/4 ,h]m5igilde at ,seville4 ,we h a full acc\nt ( ?is 9 ! memorial pres5t$ to ! ,k+ ( ,spa9 by ! luckless cr$itors4 ,! simple pa?os & s9c]e e>ne/ness ( ?is docum5t preclude all suspicion ( ! accuracy ( its /atem5ts4 ,by ! advice ( _! ,fa!r ,prov9cial1 ! ,jesuits1 9 ,m>*1 #afde1 /opp$ paym5ts aft] hav+ borr[$ upw>ds ( #dej1jjj ducats1 mo/ly f poor wid[s & fri5dless girls4 ,?is %ameful affair 0 expos$ be=e ! c\rts ( ju/ice1 dur+ a long litigation1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* x 0 discov]$ t ! ,jesuit fa!rs _h be5 c>ry+ on ext5sive m]cantile transactions1 & t in/ead ( sp5d+ ! money left !m = pi\s uses--su* z ransom+ captives1 & alms-giv+--!y _h devot$ x to ! purposes ( :at !y t]m$ 8our poor little h\se ( pr(ession40 7,!atre ,jesuitique1 p4 #bjj1 c47 ,footnote #agf3 ,mol9a1 t4 ii41 tr4 #b1 disp4 #cch1 n4 #h2 ,lessius1 liv4 ii41 *4 #bj1 di/4 #ai1 n4 #afh4 ,footnote #agg3 ,escob>1 tr4 #c1 ex4 #a1 n4 #bc1 tr4 #e1 ex4 #e1 n4 #ec4 ,footnote #agh3 ,mol9a1 l4 tom4 i42 ,de ,j41 tr4 #b1 disp4 #id2 ,escob>1 tr4 #a1 ex4 #h1 n4 #ei1 tr4 #c1 ex4 #a1 n4 #bc4 ,footnote #agi3 ,tr4 #ca1 c4 #i1 n4 #bca4--8,occult =nic>i debetur pretium 9 consci5tia1 et multo majore ratione1 quam public4 ,copia enim quam occulta facit muli] sui corporis1 multo plus valet quam ea quam publica facit m]etrix2 nec ulla e/ lex positiva qu r$dit eam incapacem pretii4 ,idem dic5dum de pretio promisso virg9i1 conjugat1 moniali1 et cuicumque alii4 ,e/ enim omnium eadem ratio40 ,footnote #ahj3 ,quot$ by ,escob>1 tr4 #c1 ex4 #b1 n4 #ach4 ,footnote #aha3 ,mol9a1 #id1 #ii2 ,reg9ald4 l4 #aj1 #ahd2 ,filiutius1 tr4 #ca2 ,escob>1 tr4 #c2 ,lessius1 l4 #b1 #ad4 ,footnote #ahb3 ,cellot1 liv4 viii41 de la ,hi]>*1 c4 #af1 #b4 ,footnote #ahc3 8,s9ce all ?is1 a new edition has be5 pr9t$ at ,p>is1 by ,piget1 m correct ?an any ( ! re/4 ,b ! s5tim5ts ( ,escob> may be /ill bett] asc]ta9$ f ! great "w on moral !ology1 pr9t$ at ,lyons40 7,note 9 ,nicole's edition ( ! ,lett]s47 ,i may avail myself ( ?is space to rem>k1 t n "o ( ! *>ges br\ght aga9/ ! ,jesuits 9 ?is lett] has be5 met by ,fa!r ,daniel 9 8 celebrat$ reply4 ,inde$1 aft] "s va9 ef=ts to contradict ab\t a doz5 passages 9 ! lett]s1 he leaves av[$ly m ?an a hundr$ )\t d>+ to answ] !m4 ,! pretext = ?us fail+ to p]=m :at he pr(ess$ to d1 & :at he s l\dly boa/s1 at ! comm5cem5t1 ( 8 be+ able to d1 is +5i\s en\gh4 8,y w easily compreh5d10 says "o ( 8 *>act]s1 8t ?is confront+ ( texts & quotations is n a great treat = a man ( my ta/e4 ,i c\ld n /& ?is disagreeable labor mu* long]40 7,entreti5s de ,cle&re et d',eudoxe1 p4 #bgg47 ,we res]ve our rem>ks on ! pret5d$ falsifications *>g$ aga9/ ,pascal1 till we come to 8 own ma/]ly def5ce ( himself 9 ! subsequ5t lett]s4 ,,lett] ,,ix4 ,,false ,,wor%ip ,,( ,,! ,,virg9 ,,introduc$ ,,by ,,! ,,jesuits--,,devotion ,,made ,,easy--,,_! ,,maxims ,,on ,,ambition1 ,,envy1 ,,gluttony1 ,,equivocation1 ,,& ,,m5tal ,,res]vations--,,female ,,dress--,,gam+--,,he>+ ,,mass4 ,,p>is1 ,july #c1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,i %all use z little c]emony ) y z ! wor?y monk did ) me1 :5 ,i saw him la/4 ,! mom5t he p]ceiv$ me1 he came =w>d ) 8 eyes fix$ on a book :i* he held 9 8 h& & acco/$ me ?us3 8#8,w\ld y n be inf9itely oblig$ to any "o :o %\ld op5 to y ! gates ( p>adise8 ,w\ld y n give millions ( gold to h a key by :i* y might ga9 admittance :5ev] y ?\ght prop]8 ,y ne$ n be at su* exp5se2 "h is "o--"h are a hundr$ = mu* less money4'0 ,at fir/ ,i 0 at a loss to "k :e!r ! good fa!r 0 read+1 or talk+ to me1 b he soon put ! matt] beyond d\bt by add+3 8,^!1 sir1 are ! op5+ words ( a f9e book1 writt5 by ,fa!r ,b>ry ( our ,society2 = ,i nev] give y any?+ ( my own40 8,:at book is x80 ask$ ,i4 8,"h is its title10 he repli$3 8#8,p>adise op5$ to ,philagio1 9 a ,hundr$ ,devotions to ! ,"m ( ,god1 easily practis$4'0 8,inde$1 fa!r6 & is ea* ( ^! easy devotions a suffici5t passport to heav580 8,x is10 return$ he4 8,li/5 to :at foll[s3 #8,! devotions to ! ,"m ( ,god1 :i* y w f9d 9 ?is book1 are s _m cele/ial keys1 :i* w op5 wide to y ! gates ( p>adise1 provid$ y practise !m2' & accord+ly1 he says at ! conclusion1 #8t he is satisfi$ if y practise only "o ( !m4'0 8,pray1 !n1 fa!r1 d tea* me "o ( ! easie/ ( !m40 8,!y are all easy10 he repli$2 8= example--#8,salut+ ! ,holy ,virg9 :5 y happ5 to meet h] image--say+ ! little *aplet ( ! pleasures ( ! ,virg9--f]v5tly pron\nc+ ! "n ( ,m>y--commission+ ! angels to b[ to h] = u--wi%+ to build h] z _m *ur*es z all ! mon>*s on e>? h done--bidd+ h] good morr[ e morn+1 & good night 9 ! ev5+--say+ ! ,ave ,m>ia e day1 9 honor ( ! he>t ( ,m>y'--:i* la/ devotion1 he says1 possesses ! additional virtue ( secur+ u ! he>t ( ! ,virg940#ahd 8,b1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8only provid$ we give h] our own 9 return1 ,i presume80 8,t10 he repli$1 8is n absolutely necess>y1 :5 a p]son is too mu* atta*$ to ! _w4 ,he> ,fa!r ,b>ry3 #8,he>t = he>t w\ld1 no d\bt1 be highly prop]2 b y\rs is r too mu* atta*$ to ! _w1 too mu* b\nd up 9 ! creature1 s t ,i d>e n advise y to (f]1 at pres5t1 t poor little slave :i* y call y\r he>t4' ,& s he cont5ts himself ) ! ,ave ,m>ia :i* he _h prescrib$40#ahe 8,:y1 ?is is extremely easy "w10 said ,i1 8& ,i %\ld really ?9k t nobody w be damn$ aft] t40 8,alas60 said ! monk1 8,i see y h no idea ( ! h>dness ( "s p's he>ts4 ,!re are "s1 sir1 :o w\ld nev] engage to repeat1 e day1 ev5 ^! simple words1 ,good day1 ,good ev5+1 j because su* a practice w\ld require "s ex]tion ( memory4 ,&1 accord+ly1 x became necess>y = ,fa!r ,b>ry to furni% !m ) exp$i5ts /ill easi]1 su* z we>+ a *aplet night & day on ! arm1 9 ! =m ( a bracelet1 or c>ry+ ab\t "o's p]son a ros>y1 or an image ( ! ,virg94#ahf #8,&1 tell me n[1' z ,fa!r ,b>ry says1 #8if ,i h n provid$ y ) easy devotions to obta9 ! good graces ( ,m>y8'0 8,extremely easy inde$1 fa!r10 ,i obs]v$4 8,yes10 he said1 8x is z mu* z c\ld possibly be done1 & ,i ?9k %\ld be q satisfactory4 ,= he mu/ be a wret*$ creature inde$1 :o w\ld n sp>e a s+le mom5t 9 all 8 lifetime to put a *aplet on 8 arm1 or a ros>y 9 8 pocket1 & ?us secure 8 salvation2 & t1 too1 ) s mu* c]ta9ty t none :o h tri$ ! exp]im5t h ev] f\nd x to fail1 9 :atev] way !y may h liv$2 ?\gh1 let me add1 we exhort p n to omit holy liv+4 ,let me ref] y to ! example ( ?is1 giv5 at p4 #cd2 x is t ( a female :o1 :ile %e practis$ daily ! devotion ( salut+ ! images ( ! ,virg91 sp5t all h] days 9 mortal s91 & yet 0 sav$ aft] all1 by ! m]it ( t s+le devotion40 8,& h[ s80 cri$ ,i4 8,our ,savi\r10 he repli$1 8rais$ h] up aga91 = ! v purpose ( %[+ x4 ,s c]ta9 x is1 t none c p]i% :o practise any "o ( ^! devotions40 8,my de> sir10 ,i obs]v$1 8,i am fully aw>e t ! devotions to ! ,virg9 are a p[]ful mean ( salvation1 & t ! lea/ ( !m1 if fl[+ f ! ex]cise ( fai? & *>ity1 z 9 ! case ( ! sa9ts :o h practis$ !m1 are ( great m]it2 b to make p]sons believe t1 by practis+ ^! )\t re=m+ _! wick$ lives1 !y w be conv]t$ by !m at ! h\r ( dea?1 or t ,god w raise !m up aga91 does appe> calculat$ r to keep s9n]s go+ on 9 _! evil c\rses1 by delud+ !m ) false peace & fool-h>dy confid5ce1 ?an to draw !m (f f s9 by t g5u9e conv]sion :i* grace alone c effect40#ahg 8,:at does x matt]10 repli$ ! monk1 8by :at road we ent] p>adise1 provid$ we d ent] x8 z our fam\s ,fa!r ,b9et1 =m]ly our prov9cial1 rem>ks on a simil> subject1 9 8 excell5t book ,on ! ,m>k ( ,pr$e/9ation1 #8,be x by hook or by crook1' z he says1 #8:at ne$ we c>e1 if we rea* at la/ ! cele/ial city4'0 8,grant$10 said ,i2 8b ! great "q is1 if we w get !re at all80 8,! ,virg9 w be answ]able = t10 return$ he2 8s says ,fa!r ,b>ry 9 ! conclud+ l9es ( 8 book3 #8,if1 at ! h\r ( dea?1 ! enemy %\ld happ5 to put 9 "s claim ^u y1 & occasion di/urbance 9 ! little commonweal? ( y\r ?\ghts1 y h only to say t ,m>y w answ] = y1 & t he mu/ make 8 application to h]4'0 8,b1 fa!r1 x might be possible to puzzle y1 7 "o dispos$ to pu% ! "q a little fur!r4 ,:o1 = example1 has assur$ u t ! ,virg9 w be answ]able 9 ?is case80 8,fa!r ,b>ry w be answ]able = h]10 he repli$4 8#8,z = ! pr(it & happ9ess to be d]iv$ f ^! devotions1' he says1 #8,i w be answ]able = t2 ,i w /& bail = ! good ,"m4'0 8,b1 fa!r1 :o is to be answ]able = ,fa!r ,b>ry80 8,h[60 cri$ ! monk2 8= ,fa!r ,b>ry8 is he n a memb] ( our ,society8 & d y ne$ to be told t our ,society is answ]able = all ! books ( its memb]s8 ,x is highly necess>y & important = y to "k ab\t ?is4 ,!re is an ord] 9 our ,society1 by :i* all booksell]s are prohibit$ f pr9t+ any "w ( our fa!rs )\t ! approbation ( our div9es & ! p]mission ( our sup]iors4 ,?is regulation 0 pass$ by ,h5ry ,,iii41 #aj? ,may #aehc1 & confirm$ by ,h5ry ,,iv41 #bj? ,decemb] #afjc1 & by ,l\is ,,xiii41 #ad? ,febru>y #afab2 s t ! :ole ( our body /&s responsible = ! publications ( ea* ( ! bre?r54 ,?is is a feature q peculi> to our community4 ,&1 9 consequ5ce ( ?is1 n a s+le "w emanates f u :i* does n brea! ! _s ( ! ,society4 ,t1 sir1 is a piece ( in=mation q apropos40#ahh 8,my good fa!r10 said ,i1 8y oblige me v mu*1 & ,i only regret t ,i did n "k ?is soon]1 z x w induce me to pay consid]ably m att5tion to y\r au?ors40 8,i w\ld h told y soon]10 he repli$1 8_h an opportunity (f]$2 ,i hope1 h[ev]1 y w pr(it by ! in=mation 9 future1 &1 9 ! mean "t1 let u prosecute our subject4 ,! me?ods ( secur+ salvation :i* ,i h m5tion$ are1 9 my op9ion1 v easy1 v sure1 & suffici5tly num]\s2 b x 0 ! anxi\s wi% ( our doctors t p %\ld n /op %ort at ?is fir/ /ep1 :]e !y only d :at is absolutely necess>y = salvation1 & no?+ m4 ,aspir+1 z !y d )\t ceas+1 aft] ! great] glory ( ,god1#ahi !y s\ght to elevate m5 to a high] pit* ( piety2 & z m5 ( ! _w are g5]ally det]r$ f devotion by ! /range ideas !y h be5 l$ to =m ( x by "s p1 we h deem$ x ( ! highe/ importance to remove ?is ob/acle :i* meets u at ! ?re%old4 ,9 ?is dep>tm5t ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e has acquir$ mu* fame1 by 8 "w entitl$ ,,devotion ,,made ,,easy1 compos$ = ?is v purpose4 ,! picture :i* he draws ( devotion 9 ?is "w is p]fectly *>m+4 ,none ev] und]/ood ! subject be=e him4 ,only he> :at he says 9 ! beg9n+ ( 8 "w3 #8,virtue has nev] z yet be5 se5 aright2 no portrait ( h]1 hi!rto produc$1 has borne ! lea/ v]isimilitude4 ,x is by no means surpris+ t s few h attempt$ to scale h] rocky em95ce4 ,%e has be5 held up z a cross-temp]$ dame1 ^: only delight is 9 solitude2 %e has be5 associat$ ) toil & sorr[2 &1 9 %ort1 repres5t$ z ! foe ( sports & div]sions1 :i* are1 9 fact1 ! fl[]s ( joy & ! season+ ( life4'0 8,b1 fa!r1 ,i am sure1 ,i h he>d at lea/1 t !re h be5 great sa9ts :o l$ extremely au/]e lives40 8,no d\bt ( t10 he repli$2 8b /ill1 to use ! language ( ! doctor1 #8!re h always be5 a numb] ( g5teel sa9ts1 & well-br$ devotees2' & ?is diff]5ce 9 _! mann]s1 m>k y1 arises entirely f a diff]5ce ( humors4 #8,i am f> f d5y+1' says my au?or1 #8t !re are dev\t p]sons to be met )1 pale & melan*oly 9 _! temp]am5t1 fond ( sil5ce & retirem5t1 ) phlegm in/ead ( blood 9 _! ve9s1 & ) faces ( clay2 b !re are _m o!rs ( a happi] complexion1 & :o possess t sweet & w>m humor1 t g5ial & rectifi$ blood1 :i* is ! true /uff t joy is made (4' 8,y see10 resum$ ! monk1 8t ! love ( sil5ce & retirem5t is n common to all dev\t p2 & t1 z ,i 0 say+1 ?is is ! effect r ( _! complexion ?an _! piety4 ,^? au/]e mann]s to :i* y ref]1 are1 9 fact1 prop]ly ! "* ( a savage & b>b>ian1 &1 accord+ly1 y w f9d !m rank$ by ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e among ! ridicul\s & brutal mann]s ( a mop+ idiot4 ,! foll[+ is ! description he has drawn ( "o ( ^! 9 ! sev5? book ( 8 ,moral ,pictures3 #8,he has no eyes = ! beauties ( art or nature4 ,7 he to indulge 9 any?+ t gave him pleasure1 he w\ld consid] himself oppress$ ) a griev\s load4 ,on fe/ival days1 he retires to hold fell[%ip ) ! dead4 ,he delights 9 a grotto r ?an a palace1 & pref]s ! /ump ( a tree to a ?rone4 ,z to injuries & affronts1 he is z ins5sible to !m z if he _h ! eyes & e>s ( a /atue4 ,honor & glory are idols ) :om he has no acqua9tance1 & to :om he has no inc5se to (f]4 ,to him a beautiful woman is no bett] ?an a spectre2 & ^? imp]ial & comm&+ looks--^? *>m+ tyrants :o hold s _m slaves 9 will+ & *a9less s]vitude--h no m influ5ce ov] 8 optics ?an ! sun ov] ^? ( owls1' c40 8,rev]5d sir10 said ,i1 8_h y n told me t ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e 0 ! au?or ( t description1 ,i decl>e ,i w\ld h guess$ x to be ! production ( "s pr(ane fell[1 :o _h drawn x expressly ) ! view ( turn+ ! sa9ts into ridicule4 ,= if t is n ! picture ( a man entirely d5i$ to ^? feel+s :i* ! ,gospel obliges u to r5\nce1 ,i confess t ,i "k no?+ ( ! matt]40#aij 8,y may n[ p]ceive1 !n1 ! ext5t ( y\r ignorance10 he repli$2 8= ^! are ! features ( a feeble1 uncultivat$ m9d1 #8de/itute ( ^? virtu\s & natural affections :i* x ought to possess1' z ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e says at ! close ( t description4 ,su* is 8 way ( tea*+ #8,*ri/ian virtue & philosophy1' z he ann\nces 9 8 adv]tisem5t2 &1 9 tru?1 x _c be d5i$ t ?is me?od ( treat+ devotion is mu* m agreeable to ! ta/e ( ! _w ?an ! old way 9 :i* !y w5t to "w be=e our times40 8,!re c be no comp>ison betwe5 !m10 0 my reply1 8& ,i n[ beg9 to hope t y w be z good z y\r ^w40 8,y w see t bett] by-&-by10 return$ ! monk4 8,hi!rto ,i h only spok5 ( piety 9 g5]al1 b1 j to %[ y m 9 detail h[ our fa!rs h dis5cumb]$ x ( its toils & tr\bles1 w\ld x n be mo/ consol+ to ! ambiti\s to le>n t !y may ma9ta9 g5u9e devotion along ) an inord9ate love ( greatness80 8,:at1 fa!r6 ev5 ?\gh !y %\ld run to ! utmo/ excess ( ambition80 8,yes10 he repli$2 8= ?is w\ld be only a v5ial s91 unless !y s\ght aft] greatness 9 ord] to (f5d ,god & injure ! ,/ate m effectually4 ,n[ v5ial s9s d n preclude a man f be+ dev\t1 z ! greate/ sa9ts are n exempt f !m4#aia #8,ambition1' says ,escob>1 #8:i* consi/s 9 an inord9ate appetite = place & p[]1 is ( itself a v5ial s92 b :5 su* dignities are covet$ = ! purpose ( hurt+ ! commonweal?1 or hav+ m opportunity to (f5d ,god1 ^! adv5titi\s circum/ances r5d] x mortal4'0 8,v savory doctr9e1 inde$1 fa!r40 8,& is x n /ill m savory10 cont9u$ ! monk1 8= mis]s to be told1 by ! same au?ority1 #8t ! ri* are n guilty ( mortal s9 by refus+ to give alms out ( _! sup]fluity to ! poor 9 ! h\r ( _! greate/ ne$8--scio 9 gravi paup]um necessitate divites non d&o sup]flua1 non pecc>e mortalit]4'0 8,:y truly10 said ,i1 8if t be ! case1 ,i give up all pret5sion to skill 9 ! sci5ce ( s9s40 8,to make y /ill m s5sible ( ?is10 return$ he1 8y h be5 accu/om$ to ?9k1 ,i suppose1 t a good op9ion ( "o's self1 & a complac5cy 9 "o's own works1 is a mo/ dang]\s s98 ,n[1 w y n be surpris$ if ,i c %[ y t su* a good op9ion1 ev5 ?\gh !re %\ld be no f\ndation = x1 is s f> f be+ a s91 t x is1 on ! contr>y1 ! gift ( ,god80 8,is x possible1 fa!r80 8,t x is10 said ! monk2 8& our good ,fa!r ,g>asse#aib %[s x 9 8 ,fr5* "w1 entitl$ ,summ>y ( ! ,capital ,tru?s ( ,religion3 #8,x is a result ( commutative ju/ice t all hone/ labor %\ld f9d its recomp5se ei!r 9 praise or 9 self-satisfaction4 ,:5 m5 ( good tal5ts publi% "s excell5t "w1 !y are ju/ly remun]at$ by public applause4 ,b :5 a man ( weak p>ts has wr\ght h>d at "s wor?less production1 & fails to obta9 ! praise ( ! public1 9 ord] t 8 labor may n g )\t its rew>d1 ,god imp>ts to him a p]sonal satisfaction1 :i* x w\ld be worse ?an b>b>\s inju/ice to envy him4 ,x is ?us t ,god1 :o is inf9itely j1 has giv5 ev5 to frogs a c]ta9 complac5cy 9 _! own croak+4'0 8,v f9e decisions 9 favor ( vanity1 ambition1 & av>ice60 cri$ ,i2 8& envy1 fa!r1 w x be m difficult to f9d an excuse = x80 8,t is a delicate po9t10 he repli$4 8,we require to make use "h ( ,fa!r ,bauny's di/9ction1 :i* he lays d[n 9 8 ,summ>y ( ,s9s3 #8,envy ( ! spiritual good ( our neighbor is mortal1 b envy ( 8 temporal good is only v5ial4'0 8,& :y s1 fa!r80 8,y %all he>10 said he4 8#8,= ! good t consi/s 9 temporal ?+s is s sl5d]1 & s insignificant 9 relation to heav51 t x is ( no consid]ation 9 ! eyes ( ,god & 8 sa9ts4'0 8,b1 fa!r1 if temporal good is s sl5d]1 & ( s little consid]ation1 h[ d y come to p]mit m5's lives to be tak5 away 9 ord] to pres]ve x80#aic 8,y mi/ake ! matt] entirely10 return$ ! monk2 8y 7 told t temporal good 0 ( no consid]ation 9 ! eyes ( ,god1 b n 9 ! eyes ( m540 8,t idea nev] occurr$ to me10 ,i repli$2 8& n[1 x is to be hop$ t1 9 virtue ( ^! same di/9ctions1 ! _w w get rid ( mortal s9s altoge!r40 8,d n flatt] y\rself ) t10 said ! fa!r2 8!re are /ill su* ?+s z mortal s9s--!re is slo?1 = example40 8,nay1 !n1 fa!r de>60 ,i exclaim$1 8aft] t1 f>ewell to all #8! joys ( life6'0 8,/ay10 said ! monk1 8:5 y h he>d ,escob>'s def9ition ( t vice1 y w p]haps *ange y\r tone3 #8,slo?1' he obs]ves1 #8lies 9 griev+ t spiritual ?+s are spiritual1 z if "o %\ld lam5t t ! sacram5ts are ! s\rces ( grace2 :i* w\ld be a mortal s94'0 8,o my de> sir60 cri$ ,i1 8,i don't ?9k t anybody ev] took x into 8 head to be slo?ful 9 t way40 8,& accord+ly10 he repli$1 8,escob> aft]w>ds rem>ks3 #8,i mu/ confess t x is v r>ely t a p]son falls into ! s9 ( slo?4' ,y see n[ h[ important x is to def9e ?+s prop]ly80 8,yes1 fa!r1 & ?is br+s to my m9d y\r o!r def9itions ab\t assass9ations1 ambuscades1 & sup]fluities4 ,b :y h y n ext5d$ y\r me?od to all cases1 & giv5 def9itions ( all vices 9 y\r way2 s t p may no long] s9 9 gratify+ !mselves80 8,x is n always ess5tial10 he repli$1 8to accompli% t purpose by *ang+ ! def9itions ( ?+s4 ,i may illu/rate ?is by ref]r+ to ! subject ( good *e]1 :i* is acc\nt$ "o ( ! greate/ pleasures ( life1 & :i* ,escob> ?us sanctions 9 8 #8,practice accord+ to our ,society3' #8,is x all[able = a p]son to eat & dr9k to repletion1 unnecess>ily1 & solely = pleasure8 ,c]ta9ly he may1 accord+ to ,san*ez1 provid$ he does n !reby injure 8 heal?2 because ! natural appetite may be p]mitt$ to enjoy its prop] functions4'0#aid 8,well1 fa!r1 t is c]ta9ly ! mo/ complete passage1 & ! mo/ f9i%$ maxim 9 ! :ole ( y\r moral sy/em6 ,:at com=table inf]5ces may be drawn f x6 ,:y1 & is gluttony1 !n1 n ev5 a v5ial s980 8,n 9 ! %ape ,i h j ref]r$ to10 he repli$2 8b1 accord+ to ! same au?or1 x w\ld be a v5ial s9 #87 a p]son to gorge himself1 unnecess>ily1 ) eat+ & dr9k+1 to su* a degree z to produce vomit+4'#aie ,s mu* = t po9t4 ,i w\ld n[ say a little ab\t ! facilities we h inv5t$ = avoid+ s9 9 worldly conv]sations & intrigues4 ,"o ( ! mo/ emb>rass+ ( ^! cases is h[ to avoid tell+ lies1 p>ticul>ly :5 "o is anxi\s to induce a belief 9 :at is false4 ,9 su* cases1 our doctr9e ( equivocations has be5 f\nd ( admirable s]vice1 accord+ to :i*1 z ,san*ez has x1 #8x is p]mitt$ to use ambigu\s t]ms1 lead+ p to und]/& !m 9 ano!r s5se f t 9 :i* we und]/& !m ourselves4'0#aif 8,i "k t already1 fa!r10 said ,i4 8,we h publi%$ x s (t510 cont9u$ he1 8t at l5g?1 x seems1 ev]ybody kn[s ( x4 ,b d y "k :at is to be done :5 no equivocal words c be got80 8,no1 fa!r40 8,i ?\ght z mu*10 said ! ,jesuit2 8?is is some?+ new1 sir3 ,i mean ! doctr9e ( m5tal res]vations4 #8,a man may swe>1' z ,san*ez says 9 ! same place1 #8t he nev] did su* a ?+ 7?\gh he actually did x71 mean+ )9 himself t he did n d s on a c]ta9 day1 or be=e he 0 born1 or und]/&+ any o!r su* circum/ance1 :ile ! words :i* he employs h no su* s5se z w\ld discov] 8 mean+4 ,& ?is is v conv5i5t 9 _m cases1 & q innoc5t1 :5 necess>y or conducive to "o's heal?1 honor1 or advantage4'0 8,inde$1 fa!r6 is t n a lie1 & p]jury to boot80 8,no10 said ! fa!r2 8,san*ez & ,filiutius prove t x is n2 =1 says ! latt]1 #8x is ! int5tion t det]m9es ! quality ( ! action4'#aig ,& he sugge/s a /ill sur] me?od = avoid+ falsehood1 :i* is ?is3 ,aft] say+ al\d1 ,i swe> t ,i h n done t1 to add1 9 a l[ voice1 to-day2 or aft] say+ al\d1 ,i swe>1 to int]pose 9 a :isp]1 t ,i say1 & !n cont9ue al\d1 t ,i h done t4 ,?is1 y p]ceive1 is tell+ ! tru?40#aih 8,i grant x10 said ,i2 8x might possibly1 h[ev]1 be f\nd to be tell+ ! tru? 9 a l[ key1 & falsehood 9 a l\d "o2 besides1 ,i %\ld be afraid t _m p might n h suffici5t pres5ce ( m9d to avail !mselves ( ^! me?ods40 8,our doctors10 repli$ ! ,jesuit1 8h taught1 9 ! same passage1 = ! b5efit ( su* z might n be exp]t 9 ! use ( ^! res]vations1 t no m is requir$ ( !m1 to avoid ly+1 ?an simply to say t !y h n done :at !y h done1 provid$ #8!y h1 9 g5]al1 ! int5tion ( giv+ to _! language ! s5se :i* an able man w\ld give to x4' ,be c&id1 n[1 & confess if y h n (t5 felt y\rself emb>rass$1 9 consequ5ce ( n kn[+ ?is80 8,sometimes10 said ,i4 8,& w y n also ackn[l$ge10 cont9u$ he1 8t x w\ld (t5 prove v conv5i5t to be absolv$ 9 consci5ce f keep+ c]ta9 engagem5ts "o may h made80 8,! mo/ conv5i5t ?+ 9 ! _w60 ,i repli$4 8,li/51 !n1 to ! g5]al rule laid d[n by ,escob>3 #8,promises are n b9d+1 :5 ! p]son 9 mak+ !m _h no int5tion to b9d himself4 ,n[1 x seldom happ5s t any h su* an int5tion1 unless :5 !y confirm _! promises by an oa? or contract2 s t :5 "o simply says1 ,i w d x1 he means t he w d x if he does n *ange 8 m9d2 = he does n wi%1 by say+ t1 to deprive himself ( 8 lib]ty4' ,he gives o!r rules 9 ! same /ra91 :i* y may consult = y\rself1 & tells u1 9 conclusion1 #8t all ?is is tak5 f ,mol9a & our o!r au?ors1 & is !re=e settl$ beyond all d\bt4'0 8,my de> fa!r10 ,i obs]v$1 8,i _h no idea t ! direction ( ! int5tion possess$ ! p[] ( r5d]+ promises null & void40 8,y mu/ p]ceive10 return$ he1 8:at facility ?is af=ds = prosecut+ ! bus9ess ( life4 ,b :at has giv5 u ! mo/ tr\ble has be5 to regulate ! comm]ce betwe5 ! sexes2 our fa!rs be+ m *>y 9 ! matt] ( *a/ity4 ,n b t !y h discuss$ que/ions ( a v curi\s & v indulg5t "*1 p>ticul>ly 9 ref]5ce to m>ri$ & betro!d p]sons40 ,at ?is /age ( ! conv]sation ,i 0 made acqua9t$ ) ! mo/ extraord9>y que/ions y c well imag9e4 ,he gave me en\gh ( !m to fill _m lett]s2 b z y %[ my communications to all sorts ( p]sons1 & z ,i d n *oose to be ! vehicle ( su* read+ to ^? :o w\ld make x ! subject ( div]sion1 ,i mu/ decl9e ev5 giv+ ! quotations4 ,! only ?+ to :i* ,i c v5ture to allude1 out ( all ! books :i* he %[$ me1 & ^! 9 ,fr5*1 too1 is a passage :i* y w f9d 9 ,fa!r ,bauny's ,summ>y1 p4 #afe1 relat+ to c]ta9 little famili>ities1 :i*1 provid$ ! int5tion is well direct$1 he expla9s 8z pass+ = gallant20 & y w be surpris$ to f9d1 at p4 #adh1 a pr9ciple ( morals1 z to ! p[] :i* daught]s h to dispose ( _! p]sons )\t ! leave ( _! relatives1 c\*$ 9 ^! t]ms3 8,:5 t is done ) ! cons5t ( ! daught]1 al?\gh ! fa!r may h reason to compla91 x does n foll[ t %e1 or ! p]son to :om %e has sacrific$ h] honor1 has done him any wrong1 or violat$ ! rules ( ju/ice 9 reg>d to him2 = ! daught] has possession ( h] honor1 z well z ( h] body1 & c d :at %e pleases ) !m1 bat+ dea? or mutilation ( h] memb]s40 ,judge1 f t specim51 ( ! re/4 ,x br+s to my recollection a passage f a ,hea!n poet1 a mu* bett] casui/1 x w\ld appe>1 ?an ^! rev]5d doctors2 = he says1 8t ! p]son ( a daught] does n belong :olly to h]self1 b p>tly to h] fa!r & p>tly to h] "m1 )\t :om %e _c dispose ( x1 ev5 9 m>riage40 ,& ,i am mu* mi/ak5 if !re is a s+le judge 9 ! l& :o w\ld n lay d[n z law ! v rev]se ( ?is maxim ( ,fa!r ,bauny4 ,?is is all ,i d>e tell y ( ?is "p ( our conv]sation1 :i* la/$ s long t ,i 0 oblig$ to besee* ! monk to *ange ! subject4 ,he did s1 & proce$$ to ent]ta9 me ) _! regulations ab\t female attire4 8,we %all n speak10 he said1 8( ^? :o are actuat$ by impure int5tions2 b z to o!rs1 ,escob> rem>ks1 t #8if ! woman adorn h]self )\t any evil int5tion1 b m]ely to gratify a natural incl9ation to vanity--ob naturalem fa/us incl9ationem--?is is only a v5ial s91 or r no s9 at all4' ,& ,fa!r ,bauny ma9ta9s1 t #8ev5 ?\gh ! woman kn[s ! bad effect :i* h] c>e 9 adorn+ h] p]son may h ^u ! virtue ( ^? :o may behold h]1 all deck$ out 9 ri* & preci\s attire1 %e w\ld n s9 9 s dress+4'#aii ,& among o!rs1 he cites our ,fa!r ,san*ez z be+ ( ! same m9d40 8,b1 fa!r1 :at d y\r au?ors say to ^? passages ( ,scripture :i* s /rongly d5\nce ev]y?+ ( t sort80 8,lessius has well met t objection10 said ! monk1 8by obs]v+1 #8t ^! passages ( ,scripture h ! =ce ( precepts only 9 reg>d to ! wom5 ( t p]iod1 :o 7 expect$ to exhibit1 by _! mode/ demeanor1 an example ( edification to ! ,pagans4'0 8,& :]e did he f9d t1 fa!r80 8,x does n matt] :]e he f\nd x10 repli$ he2 8x is en\gh to "k t ! s5tim5ts ( ^! great m5 are always probable ( !mselves4 ,x des]ves to be notic$1 h[ev]1 t ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e has qualifi$ ?is g5]al p]mission2 = he w on no acc\nt all[ x to be ext5d$ to ! old ladies4 #8,y\?1' he obs]ves1 #8is naturally entitl$ to adorn itself1 nor c ! use ( ornam5t be condemn$ at an age :i* is ! fl[] & v]dure ( life4 ,b !re x %\ld be all[$ to rema93 x w\ld be /rangely out ( season to seek = roses on ! sn[4 ,! />s alone h a "r to be always danc+1 = !y h ! gift ( p]petual y\?4 ,! wise/ c\rse 9 ?is matt]1 !re=e1 = old wom51 w\ld be to consult good s5se & a good mirror1 to yield to dec5cy & necessity1 & to retire at ! fir/ approa* ( ! %ades ( night4'0#bjj 8,a mo/ judici\s advice10 ,i obs]v$4 8,b10 cont9u$ ! monk1 8j to %[ y h[ c>eful our fa!rs are ab\t ev]y?+ y c ?9k (1 ,i may m5tion t1 aft] grant+ ! ladies p]mission to gamble1 & =esee+ t1 9 _m cases1 ?is lic5se w\ld be ( little avail unless !y _h some?+ to gamble )1 !y h e/abli%$ ano!r maxim 9 _! favor1 :i* w be f\nd 9 ,escob>'s *apt] on l>c5y1 n4 #ac3 #8,a wife1' says he1 #8may gamble1 & = ?is purpose may pilf] money f h] husb&4'0 8,well1 fa!r1 t is capital60 8,!re are _m o!r good ?+s besides t10 said ! fa!r2 8b we mu/ waive !m1 & say a little ab\t ^? m important maxims1 :i* facilitate ! practice ( holy ?+s--! mann] ( att5d+ mass1 = example4 ,on ?is subject our great div9es1 ,gasp>d ,hurtado1 & ,con9ck1 h taught #8t x is q suffici5t to be pres5t at mass 9 body1 ?\gh we may be abs5t 9 _s1 provid$ we ma9ta9 an outw>dly respectful deportm5t4' ,vasquez goes a /ep fur!r1 ma9ta9+ #8t "o fulfils ! precept ( he>+ mass1 ev5 ?\gh "o %\ld g ) no su* int5tion at all4' ,all ?is is repeat$ly laid d[n by ,escob>1 :o1 9 "o passage1 illu/rates ! po9t by ! example ( ^? :o are dragg$ to mass by =ce1 & :o put on a fix$ resolution n to li/5 to x40 8,truly1 sir10 said ,i1 8_h any o!r p]son told me t1 ,i w\ld n h believ$ x40 8,9 good soo?10 he repli$1 8x requires all ! support :i* ! au?ority ( ^! great names c l5d x2 & s does ! foll[+ maxim by ! same ,escob>1 #8t ev5 a wick$ int5tion1 su* z t ( ogl+ ! wom5 jo9$ to t ( he>+ mass rightly1 does n h9d] a man f fulfill+ ! s]vice4'#bja ,b ano!r v conv5i5t device1 sugge/$ by our le>n$ bro!r ,turrian1#bjb is1 t #8"o may he> ! half ( a mass f "o prie/1 & ! o!r half f ano!r2 & t x makes no diff]5ce ?\gh he %\ld he> fir/ ! conclusion ( ! "o1 & !n ! comm5cem5t ( ! o!r4' ,i might also m5tion t x has be5 decid$ by sev]al ( our doctors1 to be lawful #8to he> ! two halves ( a mass at ! same "t1 f ! lips ( two diff]5t prie/s1 "o ( :om is comm5c+ ! mass1 :ile ! o!r is at ! elevation2 x be+ q possible to att5d to bo? p>ties at once1 & two halves ( a mass mak+ a :ole--du m$ietates unam missam con/ituunt4'#bjc #8,f all :i*1' says ,escob>1 #8,i conclude1 t y may he> mass 9 a v %ort p]iod ( "t2 if1 = example1 y %\ld happ5 to he> f\r masses go+ on at ! same "t1 s arrang$ t :5 ! fir/ is at ! comm5cem5t1 ! second is at ! gospel1 ! ?ird at ! consecration1 & ! la/ at ! communion4'0 8,c]ta9ly1 fa!r1 accord+ to t plan1 "o may he> mass any day at ,notre ,dame 9 a tw9kl+40 8,well10 repli$ he1 8t j %[s h[ admirably we h succe$$ 9 facilitat+ ! he>+ ( mass4 ,b ,i am anxi\s n[ to %[ y h[ we h s(t5$ ! use ( ! sacram5ts1 & p>ticul>ly t ( p5ance4 ,x is "h t ! b5ignity ( our fa!rs %9es 9 its true/ spl5dor2 & y w be really a/oni%$ to f9d t devotion1 a ?+ :i* ! _w is s mu* afraid (1 %\ld h be5 treat$ by our doctors ) su* consummate skill1 t1 to use ! words ( ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e1 9 8 ,devotion made ,easy1 #8demoli%+ ! bugbe> :i* ! devil _h plac$ at its ?re%old1 !y h r5d]$ x easi] ?an vice1 & m agreeable ?an pleasure2 s t1 9 fact1 simply to live is incomp>ably m irksome ?an to live well4' ,is t n a m>vell\s *ange1 n[80 8,inde$1 fa!r1 ,i _c help tell+ y a bit ( my m9d3 ,i am sadly afraid t y h ov]%ot ! m>k1 & t ?is indulg5ce ( y\rs w %ock m p ?an x w attract4 ,! mass1 = example1 is a ?+ s gr& & s holy1 t1 9 ! eyes ( a great _m1 x w\ld be en\gh to bla/ ! cr$it ( y\r doctors =ev]1 to %[ !m h[ y h spok5 ( x40 8,) a c]ta9 class10 repli$ ! monk1 8,i all[ t may be ! case2 b d y n "k t we accommodate ourselves to all sorts ( p]sons8 ,y seem to h lo/ all recollection ( :at ,i h repeat$ly told y on ?is po9t4 ,! fir/ "t y are at leisure1 !re=e1 ,i propose t we make ?is ! !me ( our conv]sation1 def]r+ till !n ! l5itives we h introduc$ into ! confessional4 ,i promise to make y und]/& x s well t y w nev] =get x40 ,) ^! words we p>t$1 s t our next conv]sation1 ,i presume1 w1 turn on ! policy ( ! ,society4--,i am1 c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,p4 ,s4--,s9ce writ+ ! above1 ,i h se5 8,p>adise ,op5$ by a ,hundr$ ,devotions easily ,practis$10 by ,fa!r ,b>ry2 & also ! 8,m>k ( ,pr$e/9ation10 by ,fa!r ,b9et2 bo? ( !m pieces well wor? ! see+4 ----- ,footnote #ahd3 8,t[>ds ! conclusion ( ! t5? c5tury1 new accessions 7 made to ! wor%ip ( ! ,virg94 ,9 ?is age1 7! t5? c5tury7 !re are to be f\nd manife/ indications ( ! in/itution ( ! ros>y & cr[n 7or *aplet7 ( ! ,virg91 by :i* h] wor%ipp]s 7 to reckon ! numb] ( pray]s !y 7 to (f] to ?is new div9ity4 ,! ros>y consi/s ( fifte5 repetitions ( ! ,lords ,pray]1 & a hundr$ & fifty salutations ( ! bless$ ,virg92 :ile ! cr[n consi/s 9 six or sev5 repetitions ( ! ,"l's ,pray]1 & sev5 times t5 salutations1 or ,ave ,m>ias40 7,mo%eim4 c5t4 x47 ,footnote #ahe3 ,^! are ! devotions pres5t$ at pp4 #cc1 #ei1 #ade1 #aef1 #agb1 #beh1 #dbj ( ! fir/ edition4 ,footnote #ahf3 ,see ! devotions1 at pp4 #ad1 #cbf1 #ddg4 ,footnote #ahg3 ,! ,jesuits rais$ a great outcry aga9/ ,pascal = hav+1 9 ?is lett]1 z !y alleg$1 turn$ ! wor%ip ( ! ,virg9 into ridicule4 ,nicole s]i\sly und]takes 8 def5ce1 & draws sev]al di/9ctions betwe5 true & false devotion to ! ,virg94 ,! ,m>iolatry or ,m>y-wor%ip1 ( ,pascal & ! ,port-,royali/s1 0 c]ta9ly a diff]5t sort ( ?+ f t practis$ 9 ! ,*ur* ( ,rome2 b x is sad to see ! /raits to :i* ^! s9c]e devotees 7 r$uc$1 9 _! attempts to reconcile ?is practice ) ! honor due to ,god & 8 ,son4 ,footnote #ahh3 ,fa!r ,daniel makes an +5i\s attempt to take (f ! =ce ( ?is /atem5t1 by repres5t+ x z no m ?an :at is done by o!r societies1 univ]sities1 c4 7,entreti5s1 p4 #cb47 ,b :ile ^! bodies act$ 9 good fai? on ?is rule1 ! ,jesuits 7z ,pascal aft]w>ds %[s1 ,lett] xiii47 made x subs]vi5t to _! d\ble policy4 ,pascal's po9t 0 ga9$ by e/abli%+ ! fact1 t ! books publi%$ by ! ,jesuits _h ! imprimatur ( ! ,society2 &1 9 answ] to all t ,daniel has said on ! po9t1 x may be suffici5t to ask1 ,:y n try ! simple plan ( d5\nc+ ! error & c5sur+ ! au?or8 7,see ,lett] v41 p4 #aag47 ,footnote #ahi3 ,!re is an allusion "h to ! phrase :i* is p]petually occurr+ 9 ! ,con/itutions ( ! ,jesuits1 8,ad majorem ,dei gloriam--,to ! great] glory ( ,god10 :i* is ! reason o/5tati\sly p>ad$ = almo/ all _! laws & cu/oms4 ,footnote #aij3 ,if ,rome be 9 ! "r1 ,pascal's notion is correct4 ,! religion ( ! mona/]y is ! only sort ( piety or s]i\sness kn[n to1 or sanction$ by1 ! ,romi% ,*ur*4 ,footnote #aia3 ,! ,romi% di/9ction ( s9s into v5ial & mortal1 af=d$ too fair a pretext = su* sophi/ical conclusions to be ov]look$ by ,jesuitical casui/s4 ,footnote #aib3 ,francois ,g>asse 0 a ,jesuit ( ,ang\leme2 he di$ 9 #afca4 ,he 0 mu* foll[$ z a prea*]1 8 s]mons be+ copi\sly int]l>d$ ) buffoon]y4 ,8 controv]sial works are full ( fire & fury2 & 8 !ological ,summ>y1 to :i* ,pascal "h ref]s1 ab\nds ) ecc5tricities4 ,x des]ves to be m5tion$1 z "s (fset to ! folly ( ?is writ]1 t ,fa!r ,g>asse lo/ 8 life 9 consequ5ce ( 8 att5tions to 8 c\ntrym5 :o 7 infect$ ) ! plague4 ,footnote #aic3 ,see be=e1 ,lett] vii41 p4 #aei4 ,footnote #aid3 8,an com$]e et lib]e usque ad satietatem absque necessitate ob solam voluptatem1 sit peccatum8 ,cum ,sanctio negative respondeo1 modo non obsit valetud9i1 quia licite pote/ appetitus naturalis suis actibus frui40 7,n4 #ajb47 ,footnote #aie3 8,si quis se usque ad vomitum +urgitet40 7,esc41 n4 #ef47 ,footnote #aif3 ,op4 mor41 p4 #b1 l4 #c1 c4 #f1 n4 #ac4 ,footnote #aig3 ,tr4 #be1 *ap4 #aa1 n4 #cca1 #cbh4 ,footnote #aih3 ,! me?od by :i* ,fa!r ,daniel evades ?is *>ge is truly ,jesuitical4 ,fir/1 he attempts to involve ! "q 9 a cl\d ( difficulties1 by suppos+ extreme cases1 9 :i* equivocation may be all[$ to pres]ve life1 c4 ,he has !n ! assurance to quote ,scripture 9 def5ce ( ! practice1 ref]r+ to ! equivocations ( ,abraham :i* he v9dicates2 to ^? ( ,tobit & ! angel ,raphael1 :i* he applauds2 & ev5 to ! say+s ( our bless$ ,"l1 :i* he *>ges ) equivocation6 7,entreti5s1 pp4 #cgh1 #chb47 ,ev5 ,bossuet 0 a%am$ ( ?is abom9able maxim4 8,i "k no?+0 he says speak+ ( ,san*ez1 8m p]nici\s 9 morality1 ?an ! op9ion ( t ,jesuit 9 reg>d to an oa?2 he ma9ta9s t ! int5tion is necess>y to an oa?1 )\t :i* 9 giv+ a false answ] to a judge1 :5 que/ion$ at ! b>1 "o is n capable ( p]jury40 7,j\rnal de l',abb le ,dieu1 apud ,diss]tation sur la foi qui es due au temoignage de ,pascal1 c41 p4 #ej47 ,footnote #aii3 ,esc4 tr4 #a1 ex4 #h2 ,summ>y ( ,s9s1 c4 #df1 p4 #ajid4 ,footnote #bjj3 8,!y _h _! ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e10 said ,cle&re1 8& ,i am surpris$ !y did n oppose him to ,pascal4 ,t fa!r _h a lively imag9ation & a florid1 brilliant /yle2 he /ood high among poli%$ society1 & 8 ,apology writt5 aga9/ ! book entitl$ #8,! ,moral ,!ology ( ! ,jesuits1' 0 h>dly less popul> ?an 8 ,currycomb = ! ,jans5i/ ,pegasus40 8,! ,society ?\ght1 p]haps10 repli$ ,eudoxus1 8t he c\ld n easily cat* ! delicate & at ! same "t easy /yle ( ,pascal4 ,x 0 ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e's fail+1 to embelli% all he said1 to be always aim+ at some?+ witty1 & nev] to speak simply4 ,p]haps1 too1 he did n feel himself equal = ! combat1 & did n l to commit himself40 7,entreti5s de ,cle&re et d',eudoxe1 p4 #gh47 ,footnote #bja3 8,nec obe/ alia prava int5tio1 ut aspici5di libid9ose fm9as40 7,esc4 tr4 #a1 ex4 #aa1 n4 #ca47 ,footnote #bjb3 ,select41 p4 #b1 d4 #af1 ,sub4 #g4 ,footnote #bjc3 ,bauny1 ,hurtado1 ,azor1 c4 ,escob>1 8,practice = ,he>+ ,mass accord+ to our ,society10 ,lyons edition4 ,,lett] ,x4 ,,palliatives ,,appli$ ,,by ,,! ,,jesuits ,,to ,,! ,,sacram5t ,,( ,,p5ance1 ,,9 ,,_! ,,maxims ,,reg>d+ ,,confession1 ,,satisfaction1 ,,absolution1 ,,proximate ,,occasions ,,( ,,s91 ,,contrition1 ,,& ,,! ,,love ,,( ,,god4 ,,p>is1 ,augu/ #b1 #afef4 ,,sir1--,i h n come yet to ! policy ( ! ,society1 b %all fir/ introduce y to "o ( its lead+ pr9ciples4 ,i ref] to ! palliatives :i* !y h appli$ to confession1 & :i* are unque/ionably ! be/ ( all ! s*emes !y h fall5 ^u to 8attract all & repel none40 ,x is absolutely necess>y to "k some?+ ( ?is be=e go+ any fur!r2 &1 accord+ly1 ! monk judg$ x exp$i5t to give me "s in/ructions on ! po9t1 ne>ly z foll[s3-- 8,f :at ,i h already /at$10 he obs]v$1 8y may judge ( ! success ) :i* our doctors h labor$ to discov]1 9 _! wisdom1 t a great _m ?+s1 =m]ly reg>d$ z =bidd51 are innoc5t & all[able2 b z !re are "s s9s = :i* "o c f9d no excuse1 & = :i* !re is no rem$y b confession1 x became necess>y to alleviate1 by ! me?ods ,i am n[ go+ to m5tion1 ! difficulties att5d+ t practice4 ,?us1 hav+ %[n y1 9 our previ\s conv]sations1 h[ we relieve p f tr\blesome scruples ( consci5ce1 by %[+ !m t :at !y believ$ to be s9ful 0 inde$ q innoc5t1 ,i proce$ n[ to illu/rate our conv5i5t plan = expiat+ :at is really s9ful1 :i* is effect$ by mak+ confession z easy a process z x 0 =m]ly a pa9ful "o40 8,& h[ d y manage t1 fa!r80 8,:y10 said he1 8x is by ^? admirable subtleties :i* are peculi> to our ,company1 & h be5 /yl$ by our fa!rs 9 ,fl&]s1 9 8,! ,image ( ! ,fir/ ,c5tury10#bjd #8! pi\s f9esse1 ! holy artifice ( devotion--piam et religiosam calliditatem1 et pietatis sol]tiam4'#bje ,by ! aid ( ^! inv5tions1 z !y rem>k 9 ! same place1 #8crimes may be expiat$ n[-a-days alacrius--) m zeal & alacrity ?an !y 7 committ$ 9 =m] days1 & a great _m p may be wa%$ f _! /a9s almo/ z clev]ly z !y contract$ !m--plurimi vix citius maculas contrahunt quam eluunt4'0 8,pray1 !n1 fa!r1 d tea* me "s ( ^! mo/ salut>y lessons ( f9esse40 8,we h a good numb] ( !m10 answ]$ ! monk2 8= !re are a great _m irksome ?+s ab\t confession1 & = ea* ( ^! we h devis$ a palliative4 ,! *ief difficulties connect$ ) ?is ord9ance are ! %ame ( confess+ c]ta9 s9s1 ! tr\ble ( specify+ ! circum/ances ( o!rs1 ! p5ance exact$ = !m1 ! resolution aga9/ relaps+ into !m1 ! avoidance ( ! proximate occasions ( s9s1 & ! regret = hav+ committ$ !m4 ,i hope to conv9ce y to-day1 t x is n[ possible to get ov] all ?is ) h>dly any tr\ble at all2 su* is ! c>e we h tak5 to allay ! bitt]ness & nause\sness ( ?is v necess>y m$ic9e4 ,=1 to beg9 ) ! difficulty ( confess+ c]ta9 s9s1 y are aw>e x is ( importance (t5 to keep 9 ! good graces ( "o's confessor2 n[1 mu/ x n be extremely conv5i5t to be p]mitt$1 z y are by our doctors1 p>ticul>ly ,escob> & ,su>ez1 #8to h two confessors1 "o = ! mortal s9s & ano!r = ! v5ial1 9 ord] to ma9ta9 a fair "* ) y\r ord9>y confessor--uti bonam famam apud ord9>ium tueatur--provid$ y d n take occasion f !nce to indulge 9 mortal s98' ,?is is foll[$ by ano!r +5i\s contrivance = confess+ a s91 ev5 to ! ord9>y confessor1 )\t 8 p]ceiv+ t x 0 committ$ s9ce ! la/ confession1 :i* is1 #8to make a g5]al confession1 & huddle ?is la/ s9 9 a lump among ! re/ :i* we confess4'#bjf ,& ,i am sure y w own t ! foll[+ decision ( ,fa!r ,bauny goes f> to alleviate ! %ame :i* "o mu/ feel 9 confess+ 8 relapses1 namely1 #8t1 except 9 c]ta9 cases1 :i* r>ely occur1 ! confessor is n entitl$ to ask 8 p5it5t if ! s9 ( :i* he accuses himself is an habitual "o1 nor is ! latt] oblig$ to answ] su* a "q2 because ! confessor has no "r to subject 8 p5it5t to ! %ame ( disclos+ 8 frequ5t relapses4'0 8,inde$1 fa!r6 ,i might z well say t a physician has no "r to ask 8 pati5t if x is long s9ce he _h ! fev]4 ,d n s9s assume q a diff]5t aspect accord+ to circum/ances8 & %\ld x n be ! object ( a g5u9e p5it5t to discov] ! :ole /ate ( 8 consci5ce to 8 confessor1 ) ! same s9c]ity & op5he>t$ness z if he 7 speak+ to ,jesus ,*ri/ himself1 ^: place ! prie/ occupies8 ,if s1 h[ f> is he f realiz+ su* a disposition1 :o1 by conceal+ ! frequ5cy ( 8 relapses1 conceals ! aggravations ( 8 (f5ce60#bjg ,i saw t ?is puzzl$ ! wor?y monk1 = he attempt$ to elude r ?an resolve ! difficulty1 by turn+ my att5tion to ano!r ( _! rules1 :i* only goes to e/abli% a fre% abuse1 in/ead ( ju/ify+ 9 ! lea/ ! decision ( ,fa!r ,bauny2 a decision :i*1 9 my op9ion1 is "o ( ! mo/ p]nici\s ( _! maxims1 & calculat$ to enc\rage pr(ligate m5 to cont9ue 9 _! evil habits4 8,i grant y10 repli$ ! fa!r1 8t habit aggravates ! malignity ( a s91 b x does n alt] its nature2 & t is ! reason :y we d n insi/ on p confess+ x1 accord+ to ! rule laid d[n by our fa!rs1 & quot$ by ,escob>1 #8t "o is only oblig$ to confess ! circum/ances t alt] ! species ( ! s91 & n ^? t aggravate x4' ,proce$+ on ?is rule1 ,fa!r ,granados says1 #8t if "o has eat5 fle% 9 ,l5t1 all he ne$s to d is to confess t he has brok5 ! fa/1 )\t specify+ :e!r x 0 by eat+ fle%1 or by tak+ two fi% meals4' ,&1 accord+ to ,reg9ald1 #8a sorc]] :o has employ$ ! diabolical art is n oblig$ to reveal t circum/ance2 x is en\gh to say t he has dealt 9 magic1 )\t express+ :e!r x 0 by palmi/ry or by a paction ) ! devil4' ,fagundez1 aga91 has decid$ t #8rape is n a circum/ance :i* "o is b\nd to reveal1 if ! woman give h] cons5t4' ,all ?is is quot$ by ,escob>1#bjh ) _m o!r v curi\s decisions z to ^! circum/ances1 :i* y may consult at y\r leisure40 8,^! #8artifices ( devotion' are va/ly conv5i5t 9 _! way10 ,i obs]v$4 8,& yet10 said ! fa!r1 8not)/&+ all t1 !y w\ld g = no?+1 sir1 unless we _h proce$$ to mollify p5ance1 :i*1 m ?an any?+ else1 det]s p f confession4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 ! mo/ squeami% h no?+ to dread f x1 aft] :at we h advanc$ 9 our !ses ( ! ,college ( ,cl]mont1 :]e we hold t #8if ! confessor imposes a suitable p5ance1 & ! p5it5t be unwill+ to submit himself to x1 ! latt] may g home1 waiv+ bo? ! p5ance & ! absolution4' ,or1 z ,escob> says1 9 giv+ ! ,practice ( our ,society1 #8if ! p5it5t decl>e 8 will+ness to h 8 p5ance remitt$ to ! next _w1 & to suff] 9 purgatory all ! pa9s due to him1 ! confessor may1 = ! honor ( ! sacram5t1 impose a v light p5ance on him1 p>ticul>ly if he has reason to believe t 8 p5it5t w\ld object to a heavi] "o4'0 8,i really ?9k10 said ,i1 8t1 if t is ! case1 we ought no long] to call confession ! sacram5t ( p5ance40 8,y are wrong10 he repli$2 8= we always adm9i/] some?+ 9 ! way ( p5ance1 = ! =m's sake40 8,b1 fa!r1 d y suppose t a man is wor?y ( receiv+ absolution1 :5 he w submit to no?+ pa9ful to expiate 8 (f5ces8 ,&1 9 ^! circum/ances1 ought y n to reta9 r ?an remit _! s9s8 ,are y n aw>e ( ! ext5t ( y\r m9i/ry1 & t y h ! p[] ( b9d+ & loos+8 ,d y imag9e t y are at lib]ty to give absolution indiff]5tly to all :o ask x1 & )\t asc]ta9+ be=eh& if ,jesus ,*ri/ looses 9 heav5 ^? :om y loose on e>?80#bji 8,:at60 cri$ ! fa!r1 8d y suppose t we d n "k t #8! confessor 7z "o rem>ks7 ought to sit 9 judgm5t on ! disposition ( 8 p5it5t1 bo? because he is b\nd n to disp5se ! sacram5ts to ! unwor?y1 ,jesus ,*ri/ hav+ enjo9$ him to be a fai?ful /ew>d1 & n give t :i* is holy unto dogs2 & because he is a judge1 & x is ! duty ( a judge to give righte\s judgm5t1 by loos+ ! wor?y & b9d+ ! unwor?y1 & he ought n to absolve ^? :om ,jesus ,*ri/ condemns4'0 8,^: words are ^!1 fa!r80 8,!y are ! words ( our fa!r ,filiutius10 he repli$4 8,y a/oni% me10 said ,i2 8,i took !m to be a quotation f "o ( ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*4 ,at all ev5ts1 sir1 t passage ought to make an impression on ! confessors1 & r5d] !m v circumspect 9 ! disp5sation ( ?is sacram5t1 to asc]ta9 :e!r ! regret ( _! p5it5ts is suffici5t1 & :e!r _! promises ( future am5dm5t are wor?y ( cr$it40 8,t is n su* a difficult matt]10 repli$ ! fa!r2 8,filiutius _h m s5se ?an to leave confessors 9 t dilemma1 & accord+ly he sugge/s an easy way ( gett+ out ( x1 9 ! words imm$iately foll[+3 #8,! confessor may easily set 8 m9d at re/ z to ! disposition ( 8 p5it5t2 =1 if he fail to give suffici5t evid5ce ( sorr[1 ! confessor has only to ask him if he does n dete/ ! s9 9 8 he>t1 & if he answ]s t he does1 he is b\nd to believe x4 ,! same ?+ may be said ( resolutions z to ! future1 unless ! case involves an obligation to re/itution1 or to avoid "s proximate occasion ( s94'0 8,z to t passage1 fa!r1 ,i c easily believe t x is ,filiutius' own40 8,y are mi/ak5 ?\gh10 said ! fa!r1 8= he has extract$ x1 ^w = ^w1 f ,su>ez40#baj 8,b1 fa!r1 t la/ passage f ,filiutius ov]turns :at he _h laid d[n 9 ! =m]4 ,= confessors c no long] be said to sit z judges on ! disposition ( _! p5it5ts1 if !y are b\nd to take x simply ^u _! ^w1 9 ! abs5ce ( all satisfy+ signs ( contrition4 ,are ! pr(essions made on su* occasions s infallible1 t no o!r sign is ne$$8 ,i "q mu* if exp]i5ce has taught y\r fa!rs1 t all :o make fair promises are rem>kable = keep+ !m2 ,i am mi/ak5 if !y h n (t5 f\nd ! rev]se40 8,no matt]10 repli$ ! monk2 8confessors are b\nd to believe !m = all t2 = ,fa!r ,bauny1 :o has prob$ ?is "q to ! bottom1 has conclud$ #8t at :atev] "t ^? :o h fall5 into frequ5t relapses1 )\t giv+ evid5ce ( am5dm5t1 pres5t !mselves be=e a confessor1 express+ _! regret = ! pa/1 & a good purpose = ! future1 he is b\nd to believe !m on _! simple av]m5t1 al?\gh !re may be reason to presume t su* resolution only came f ! tee? outw>ds4 ,nay1' says he1 #8?\gh !y %\ld indulge subsequ5tly to great] excess ?an ev] 9 ! same del9qu5cies1 /ill1 9 my op9ion1 !y may receive absolution4'#baa ,!re n[6 t1 ,i am sure1 %\ld sil5ce y40 8,b1 fa!r10 said ,i1 8y impose a great h>d%ip1 ,i ?9k1 on ! confessors1 by ?us oblig+ !m to believe ! v rev]se ( :at !y see40 8,y don't und]/& x10 return$ he2 8all t is meant is1 t !y are oblig$ to act & absolve z if !y believ$ t _! p5it5ts w\ld be true to _! engagem5ts1 ?\gh1 9 po9t ( fact1 !y believe no su* ?+4 ,?is is expla9$1 imm$iately aft]w>ds1 by ,su>ez & ,filiutius4 ,aft] hav+ said t #8! prie/ is b\nd to believe ! p5it5t on 8 ^w1' !y add1 #8,x is n necess>y t ! confessor %\ld be conv9c$ t ! good resolution ( 8 p5it5t w be c>ri$ into effect1 nor ev5 t he %\ld judge x probable2 x is en\gh t he ?9ks ! p]son has at ! "t ! design 9 g5]al1 ?\gh he may v %ortly aft] relapse4 ,su* is ! doctr9e ( all our au?ors--ita doc5t omnes autores4' ,w y presume to d\bt :at has be5 taught by our au?ors80 8,b1 sir1 :at !n becomes ( :at ,fa!r ,petau#bab himself is oblig$ to own1 9 ! preface to 8 ,public ,p5ance1 #8t ! holy fa!rs1 doctors1 & c\ncils ( ! ,*ur* agree 9 hold+ x z a settl$ po9t1 t ! p5ance prep>atory to ! eu*>i/ mu/ be g5u9e1 con/ant1 resolute1 & n languid & sluggi%1 or subject to aft]-?\ghts & relapses8'0 8,don't y obs]ve10 repli$ ! monk1 8t ,fa!r ,petau is speak+ ( ! anci5t ,*ur*8 ,b all t is n[ s little 9 season1 to use a common say+ ( our doctors1 t1 accord+ to ,fa!r ,bauny1 ! rev]se is ! only true view ( ! matt]4 #8,!re are "s1' says he1 #8:o ma9ta9 t absolution ought to be refus$ to ^? :o fall frequ5tly into ! same s9s1 m especially if1 aft] be+ (t5 absolv$1 !y ev9ce no signs ( am5dm5t2 & o!rs hold ! opposite view4 ,b ! only true op9ion is1 t !y ought n to be refus$ absolution2 & ?\gh !y %\ld be no?+ ! bett] ( all ! advice giv5 !m1 ?\gh !y %\ld h brok5 all _! promises to lead new lives1 & be5 at no tr\ble to purify !mselves1 /ill x is ( no consequ5ce2 :atev] may be said to ! contr>y1 ! true op9ion :i* ought to be foll[$ is1 t ev5 9 all ^! cases1 !y ought to be absolv$4' ,& aga93 #8,absolution ought nei!r to be d5i$ nor delay$ 9 ! case ( ^? :o live 9 habitual s9s aga9/ ! law ( ,god1 ( nature1 & ( ! ,*ur*1 al?\gh !re %\ld be no app>5t prospect ( future am5dm5t--etsi em5dationis futur nulla spes app>eat4'0 8,b1 fa!r1 ?is c]ta9ty ( always gett+ absolution may induce s9n]s--0 8,i "k :at y mean10 int]rupt$ ! ,jesuit3 8b li/5 to ,fa!r ,bauny1 q4 #ae3 #8,absolution may be giv5 ev5 to him :o c&idly av[s t ! hope ( be+ absolv$ induc$ him to s9 ) m fre$om ?an he w\ld o!rwise h done4' ,& ,fa!r ,causs91 def5d+ ?is proposition1 says1 #8t 7 ?is n true1 confession w\ld be int]dict$ to ! great] "p ( mank9d2 & ! only res\rce left = poor s9n]s w\ld be a bran* & a rope6'0#bac 8,o fa!r1 h[ ^! maxims ( y\rs w draw p to y\r confessionals60 8,yes10 he repli$1 8y w\ld h>dly believe :at numb]s are 9 ! habit ( frequ5t+ !m2 #8we are absolutely oppress$ & ov]:elm$1 s to speak1 "u ! cr[d ( our p5it5ts--p5it5tium num]o obruimur'--z is said 9 #8,! ,image ( ! ,fir/ ,c5tury4'0 8,i c\ld sugge/ a v simple me?od10 said ,i1 8to escape f ?is inconv5i5t pressure4 ,y h only to oblige s9n]s to avoid ! proximate occasions ( s92 t s+le exp$i5t w\ld af=d y relief at once40 8,we h no wi% = su* a relief10 rejo9$ ! monk2 8q ! rev]se2 =1 z is obs]v$ 9 ! same book1 #8! great end ( our ,society is to labor to e/abli% ! virtues1 to wage w> on ! vices1 & to save a great numb] ( s\ls4' ,n[1 z !re are v few s\ls incl9$ to quit ! proximate occasions ( s91 we h be5 oblig$ to def9e :at a proximate occasion is4 #8,t _c be call$ a proximate occasion1' says ,escob>1 #8:]e "o s9s b r>ely1 or on a sudd5 transport--say ?ree or f\r times a ye>2'#bad or1 z ,fa!r ,bauny has x1 #8once or twice 9 a mon?4'#bae ,aga91 asks ?is au?or1 #8:at is to be done 9 ! case ( ma/]s & s]vants1 or c\s9s1 :o1 liv+ "u ! same ro(1 are by ?is occasion tempt$ to s98'0 8,!y ought to be sep>at$10 said ,i4 8,t is :at he says1 too1 #8if _! relapses be v frequ5t3 b if ! p>ties (f5d r>ely1 & _c be sep>at$ )\t tr\ble & loss1 !y may1 accord+ to ,su>ez & o!r au?ors1 be absolv$1 provid$ !y promise to s9 no m1 & are truly sorry = :at is pa/4'0 ,?is requir$ no explanation1 = he _h already in=m$ me ) :at sort ( evid5ce ( contrition ! confessor 0 b\nd to re/ satisfi$4 8,& ,fa!r ,bauny10 cont9u$ ! monk1 8p]mits ^? :o are involv$ 9 ! proximate occasions ( s91 #8to rema9 z !y are1 :5 !y _c avoid !m )\t becom+ ! common talk ( ! _w1 or subject+ !mselves to inconv5i5ce4' #8,a prie/1' he rem>ks 9 ano!r "w1 #8may & ought to absolve a woman :o is guilty ( liv+ ) a p>am\r1 if %e _c put him away honorably1 or has "s reason = keep+ him--si non pote/ hone/e ejic]e1 aut habeat aliquam causam ret95di--provid$ %e promises to act m virtu\sly = ! future4'0#baf 8,well1 fa!r10 cri$ ,i1 8y h c]ta9ly succe$$ 9 relax+ ! obligation ( avoid+ ! occasions ( s9 to a v com=table ext5t1 by disp5s+ ) ! duty z soon z x becomes inconv5i5t2 b ,i %\ld ?9k y\r fa!rs w at lea/ all[ x to be b9d+ :5 !re is no difficulty 9 ! way ( its p]=mance80 8,yes10 said ! fa!r1 8?\gh ev5 !n ! rule is n )\t exceptions4 ,= ,fa!r ,bauny says1 9 ! same place1 #8t any "o may frequ5t pr(ligate h\ses1 ) ! view ( conv]t+ _! un=tunate inmates1 ?\gh ! probability %\ld be t he fall into s91 hav+ (t5 exp]i5c$ be=e t he has yield$ to _! fasc9ations4 ,"s doctors d n approve ( ?is op9ion1 & hold t no man may volunt>ily put 8 salvation 9 p]il to succor 8 neighbor2 yet ,i decid$ly embrace ! op9ion :i* !y controv]t4'0 8,a novel sort ( prea*]s ^!1 fa!r6 ,b :]e does ,fa!r ,bauny f9d any gr\nd = inve/+ !m ) su* a mission80 8,x is ^u "o ( 8 own pr9ciples10 he repli$1 8:i* he ann\nces 9 ! same place aft] ,basil ,ponce4 ,i m5tion$ x to y be=e1 & ,i presume y h n =gott5 x4 ,x is1 #8t "o may seek an occasion ( s91 directly & expressly--primo et p] se--to promote ! temporal or spiritual good ( himself or 8 neighbor4'0 ,on he>+ ^! passages1 ,i felt s horrifi$ t ,i 0 on ! po9t ( break+ out2 b1 be+ resolv$ to he> him to an end1 ,i re/ra9$ myself1 & m]ely inquir$3 8,h[1 fa!r1 does ?is doctr9e comport ) t ( ! ,gospel1 :i* b9ds u to #8pluck out ! "r eye1' & #8cut (f ! "r h&1' :5 !y #8(f5d1' or prove prejudicial to salvation8 ,& h[ c y suppose t ! man :o wilfully indulges 9 ! occasions ( s9s1 s9c]ely hates s98 ,is x n evid5t1 on ! contr>y1 t he has nev] be5 prop]ly t\*$ ) a s5se ( x1 & t he has n yet exp]i5c$ t g5u9e conv]sion ( he>t1 :i* makes a man love ,god z mu* z he =m]ly lov$ ! creature80 8,inde$60 cri$ he1 8d y call t g5u9e contrition8 ,x seems y d n "k t1 z ,fa!r ,p9t]eau#bag says1 #8all our fa!rs tea*1 ) "o accord1 t x is an error1 & almo/ a h]esy1 to hold t contrition is necess>y2 or t attrition alone1 induc$ by ! sole motive1 ! fe> ( ! pa9s ( hell1 :i* excludes a disposition to (f5d1 is n suffici5t ) ! sacram5t8'0#bah 8,:at1 fa!r6 d y mean to say t x is almo/ an article ( fai?1 t attrition1 induc$ m]ely by fe> ( puni%m5t1 is suffici5t ) ! sacram5t8 ,t idea1 ,i ?9k1 is peculi> to y\r fa!rs2 = ^? o!r doctors :o hold t attrition is suffici5t along ) ! sacram5t1 always take c>e to %[ t x mu/ be accompani$ ) "s love to ,god at lea/4 ,x appe>s to me1 moreov]1 t ev5 y\r own au?ors did n always consid] ?is doctr9e ( y\rs s c]ta94 ,y\r ,fa!r ,su>ez1 = in/ance1 speaks ( x ?us3 #8,al?\gh x is a probable op9ion t attrition is suffici5t ) ! sacram5t1 yet x is n c]ta91 & x may be false--non e/ c]ta1 et pote/ esse falsa4 ,& if x is false1 attrition is n suffici5t to save a man2 & he t dies kn[+ly 9 ?is /ate1 wilfully exposes himself to ! grave p]il ( et]nal damnation4 ,= ?is op9ion is nei!r v anci5t nor v common--nec valde antiqua1 nec multum communis4' ,san*ez 0 n m prep>$ to hold x z infallible1 :5 he said 9 8 ,summ>y1 t #8! sick man & 8 confessor1 :o cont5t !mselves at ! h\r ( dea? ) attrition & ! sacram5t1 are bo? *>geable ) mortal s91 on acc\nt ( ! great risk ( damnation to :i* ! p5it5t w\ld be expos$1 if ! op9ion t attrition is suffici5t ) ! sacram5t %\ld n turn out to be true4' ,comitolus1 too1 says t #8we %\ld n be too sure t attrition suffices ) ! sacram5t4'0#bai ,"h ! wor?y fa!r int]rupt$ me4 8,:at60 he cri$1 8y read our au?ors !n1 x seems8 ,t is all v well2 b x w\ld be /ill bett] 7 y nev] to read !m )\t ! precaution ( hav+ "o ( u beside y4 ,d y n see1 n[1 t1 f hav+ read !m alone1 y h conclud$1 9 y\r simplicity1 t ^! passages be> h>d on ^? :o h m lately support$ our doctr9e ( attrition8 :]eas x might be %[n t no?+ c\ld set !m (f to great] advantage4 ,only ?9k :at a triumph x is = our fa!rs ( ! pres5t day to h succe$$ 9 dissem9at+ _! op9ion 9 su* %ort "t1 & to su* an ext5t t1 ) ! exception ( !ologians1 nobody almo/ w\ld ev] suppose b t our mod]n views on ?is subject _h be5 ! uni=m belief ( ! fai?ful 9 all ages6 ,s t1 9 fact1 :5 y h %[n1 f our fa!rs !mselves1 t1 a few ye>s ago1 #8?is op9ion 0 n c]ta91' y h only succe$$ 9 giv+ our mod]n au?ors ! :ole m]it ( its e/abli%m5t6 8,accord+ly10 he cont9u$1 8our cordial fri5d ,diana1 to gratify u1 no d\bt1 has rec\nt$ ! v>i\s /eps by :i* ! op9ion rea*$ its pres5t position4#bbj #8,9 =m] days1 ! anci5t s*oolm5 ma9ta9$ t contrition 0 necess>y z soon z "o _h committ$ a mortal s92 s9ce !n1 h[ev]1 x has be5 ?\ght t x is n b9d+ except on fe/ival days2 aft]w>ds1 only :5 "s great calamity ?reat5$ ! p3 o!rs1 aga91 t x ought n to be long delay$ at ! approa* ( dea?4 ,b our fa!rs1 ,hurtado & ,vasquez1 h ably refut$ all ^! op9ions1 & e/abli%$ t "o is n b\nd to contrition unless he _c be absolv$ 9 any o!r way1 or at ! po9t ( dea?6' ,b1 to cont9ue ! wond]ful progress ( ?is doctr9e1 ,i might add1 :at our fa!rs1 ,fagundez1 ,granados1 & ,escob>1 h decid$1 #8t contrition is n necess>y ev5 at dea?2 because1' say !y1 #8if attrition ) ! sacram5t did n suffice at dea?1 x w\ld foll[ t attrition w\ld n be suffici5t ) ! sacram5t4' ,& ! le>n$ ,hurtado1 cit$ by ,diana & ,escob>1 goes /ill fur!r2 = he asks1 #8,is t sorr[ = s9 :i* fl[s solely f appreh5sion ( its temporal consequ5ces1 su* z hav+ lo/ heal? or money1 suffici5t8 ,we mu/ di/+ui%4 ,if ! evil is n reg>d$ z s5t by ! h& ( ,god1 su* a sorr[ does n suffice2 b if ! evil is view$ z s5t by ,god1 z1 9 fact1 all evil1 says ,diana1 except s91 comes f him1 t k9d ( sorr[ is suffici5t4'#bba ,our ,fa!r ,lamy holds ! same doctr9e40#bbb 8,y surprise me1 fa!r2 = ,i see no?+ 9 all t attrition ( :i* y speak b :at is natural2 & 9 ?is way a s9n] may r5d] himself wor?y ( absolution )\t sup]natural grace at all4 ,n[ ev]ybody kn[s t ?is is a h]esy condemn$ by ! ,c\ncil40#bbc 8,i %\ld h ?\ght ) y10 he repli$2 8& yet x seems ?is mu/ n be ! case1 = ! fa!rs ( our ,college ( ,cl]mont h ma9ta9$ 79 _! ,!ses ( ! #bcrd ,may & #f? ,june #afdd7 #8t attrition may be holy & suffici5t = ! sacram5t1 al?\gh x may n be sup]natural3' & 79 t ( ,augu/ #afdc7 #8t attrition1 ?\gh m]ely natural1 is suffici5t = ! sacram5t1 provid$ x is hone/4' ,i d n see :at m c\ld be said on ! subject1 unless we *oose to subjo9 an inf]5ce1 :i* may be easily drawn f ^! pr9ciples1 namely1 t contrition1 s f> f be+ necess>y to ! sacram5t1 is r prejudicial to x1 inasmu* z1 by wa%+ away s9s ( itself1 x w\ld leave no?+ = ! sacram5t to d at all4 ,t is1 inde$1 exactly :at ! celebrat$ ,jesuit ,fa!r ,val5cia rem>ks4 7,tom4 iv41 disp4 #g1 q4 #h1 p4 #d47 #8,contrition1' says he1 #8is by no means necess>y 9 ord] to obta9 ! pr9cipal b5efit ( ! sacram5t2 on ! contr>y1 x is r an ob/acle 9 ! way ( x--imo ob/at potius quom9us effectus sequatur4' ,nobody c\ld well desire m to be said 9 comm5dation ( attrition40#bbd 8,i believe t1 fa!r10 said ,i2 8b y mu/ all[ me to tell y my op9ion1 & to %[ y to :at a dreadful l5g? ?is doctr9e leads4 ,:5 y say t #8attrition1 induc$ by ! m]e dread ( puni%m5t1' is suffici5t1 ) ! sacram5t1 to ju/ify s9n]s1 does x n foll[ t a p]son may always expiate 8 s9s 9 ?is way1 & ?us be sav$ )\t ev] hav+ lov$ ,god all 8 lifetime8 ,w\ld y\r fa!rs v5ture to hold t80 8,i p]ceive10 repli$ ! monk1 8f ! /ra9 ( y\r rem>ks1 t y ne$ "s in=mation on ! doctr9e ( our fa!rs reg>d+ ! love ( ,god4 ,?is is ! la/ feature ( _! morality1 & ! mo/ important ( all4 ,y mu/ h le>n$ some?+ ( x f ! passages ab\t contrition :i* ,i h quot$ to y4 ,b "h are o!rs /ill m def9ite on ! po9t ( love to ,god--,don't int]rupt me1 n[2 = x is ( importance to notice ! connection4 ,att5d to ,escob>1 :o reports ! diff]5t op9ions ( our au?ors1 9 8 #8,practice ( ! ,love ( ,god accord+ to our ,society4' ,! "q is3 #8,:5 is "o oblig$ to h an actual affection = ,god8' ,su>ez says1 x is en\gh if "o loves him be=e be+ articulo mortis--at ! po9t ( dea?--)\t det]m9+ ! exact "t4 ,vasquez1 t x is suffici5t ev5 at ! v po9t ( dea?4 ,o!rs1 :5 "o has receiv$ baptism4 ,o!rs1 aga91 :5 "o is b\nd to ex]cise contrition4 ,& o!rs1 on fe/ival days4 ,b our fa!r1 ,ca/ro ,palao1 combats all ^! op9ions1 & ) good reason--m]ito4 ,hurtado de ,m5doza insi/s t we are oblig$ to love ,god once a-ye>2 & t we ought to reg>d x z a great favor t we are n b\nd to d x (t5]4 ,b our ,fa!r ,con9ck ?9ks t we are b\nd to x only once 9 ?ree or f\r ye>s2 ,h5riquez1 once 9 five ye>s2 & ,filiutius says t x is probable t we are n /rictly b\nd to x ev5 once 9 five ye>s4 ,h[ (t51 !n1 d y ask8 ,:y1 he ref]s x to ! judgm5t ( ! judici\s40 ,i took no notice ( all ?is bad9age1 9 :i* ! +5uity ( man seems to be sport+1 9 ! height ( insol5ce1 ) ! love ( ,god4 8,b10 pursu$ ! monk1 8our ,fa!r ,antony ,sirmond surpasses all on ?is po9t1 9 8 admirable book1 #8,! ,def5ce ( ,virtue1'#bbe :]e1 z he tells ! read]1 #8he speaks ,fr5* 9 ,france1' z foll[s3 #8,/4 ,?omas says t we are oblig$ to love ,god z soon z we come to ! use ( reason3 t is r too soon6 ,scotus says1 e ,sunday3 pray1 = :at reason8 ,o!rs say1 :5 we are sorely tempt$3 yes1 if !re be no o!r way ( escap+ ! temptation4 ,scotus says1 :5 we h receiv$ a b5efit f ,god3 good1 9 ! way ( ?ank+ him = x4 ,o!rs say1 at dea?3 r late6 ,z little d ,i ?9k x b9d+ at ! reception ( any sacram5t3 attrition 9 su* cases is q en\gh1 along ) confession1 if conv5i5t4 ,su>ez says t x is b9d+ at "s "t or ano!r2 b at :at "t8--he leaves y to judge ( t = y\rself--he does n "k2 & :at t doctor did n "k ,i "k n :o %\ld "k4' ,9 %ort1 he concludes t we are n /rictly b\nd to m ?an to keep ! o!r comm&m5ts1 )\t any affection = ,god1 & )\t giv+ him our he>ts1 provid$ t we d n hate him4 ,to prove ?is is ! sole object ( 8 second treatise4 ,y w f9d x 9 e page2 m especially :]e he says3 #8,god1 9 comm&+ u to love him1 is satisfi$ ) our obey+ him 9 8 o!r comm&m5ts4 ,if ,god _h said1 ,:atev] ob$i5ce ?\ yielde/ me1 if ?y he>t is n giv5 to me1 ,i w de/roy !e6--w\ld su* a motive1 ?9k y1 be well fitt$ to promote ! end :i* ,god mu/1 & only c1 h 9 view8 ,h5ce x is said t we %all love ,god by do+ 8 w1 z if we lov$ him ) affection1 z if ! motive 9 ?is case 0 real *>ity4 ,if t is really our motive1 s mu* ! bett]2 if n1 /ill we are /rictly fulfill+ ! comm&m5t ( love1 by hav+ its works1 s t 7su* is ! goodness ( ,god67 we are comm&$1 n s mu* to love him1 z n to hate him4' 8,su* is ! way 9 :i* our doctors h dis*>g$ m5 f ! #8pa9ful' obligation ( actually lov+ ,god4 ,& ?is doctr9e is s advantage\s1 t our ,fa!rs ,annat1 ,p9t]eau1 ,le ,mo9e1 & ,antony ,sirmond himself1 h /r5u\sly def5d$ x :5 x has be5 attack$4 ,y h only to consult _! answ]s to ! #8,moral ,!ology4' ,t ( ,fa!r ,p9t]eau1 9 p>ticul>1 w enable y to =m "s idea ( ! value ( ?is disp5sation1 f ! price :i* he tells u t x co/1 :i* is no less ?an ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,?is cr[ns ! :ole4 ,x appe>s1 t ?is disp5sation f ! #8pa9ful' obligation to love ,god1 is ! privilege ( ! ,evangelical law1 9 opposition to ! ,judaical4 #8,x 0 reasonable1' he says1 #8t1 "u ! law ( grace 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ,god %\ld relieve u f t tr\blesome & ardu\s obligation :i* exi/$ "u ! law ( bondage1 to ex]cise an act ( p]fect contrition1 9 ord] to be ju/ifi$2 & t ! place ( ?is %\ld be suppli$ by ! sacram5ts1 in/itut$ 9 aid ( an easi] disposition4 ,o!rwise1 inde$1 ,*ri/ians1 :o are ! *ildr51 w\ld h no great] facility 9 ga9+ ! good graces ( _! ,fa!r ?an ! ,jews1 :o 7 ! slaves1 _h 9 obta9+ ! m]cy ( _! ,"l & ,ma/]4'0#bbf 8,o fa!r60 cri$ ,i2 8no pati5ce c /& ?is any long]4 ,x is impossible to li/5 )\t horror to ! s5tim5ts y h n[ be5 sport+40 8,!y are n my s5tim5ts10 said ! monk4 8,i grant x1 sir10 said ,i2 8b y feel no av]sion to !m2 &1 s f> f dete/+ ! au?ors ( ^! maxims1 y hold !m 9 e/eem4 ,are y n afraid t y\r cons5t may involve y 9 a p>ticipation ( _! guilt8 & are y n aw>e t ,/4 ,paul judges wor?y ( dea?1 n only ! au?ors ( evil ?+s1 b also #8^? :o h pleasure 9 !m t d !m8' ,0 x n en\gh to h p]mitt$ m5 to indulge 9 s _m =bidd5 ?+s1 "u ! cov]t ( y\r palliations8 ,0 x necess>y to g /ill fur!r1 & hold out a bribe to !m to commit ev5 ^? crimes :i* y f\nd x impossible to excuse1 by (f]+ !m an easy & c]ta9 absolution2 & = ?is purpose nullify+ ! p[] ( ! prie/s1 & oblig+ !m1 m z slaves ?an z judges1 to absolve ! mo/ invet]ate s9n]s--)\t any am5dm5t ( life--)\t any sign ( contrition except promises a hundr$ times brok5--)\t p5ance #8unless !y *oose to accept ( x'--& )\t ab&on+ ! occasions ( _! vices1 #8if !y %\ld !reby be put to any inconv5i5ce8' 8,b y\r doctors h gone ev5 beyond ?is2 & ! lic5se :i* !y h assum$ to tamp] ) ! mo/ holy rules ( ,*ri/ian conduct am\nt to a total subv]sion ( ! law ( ,god4 ,!y violate #8! great comm&m5t on :i* hang all ! law & ! prophets2' !y /rike at ! v he>t ( piety2 !y rob x ( ! _s t give? life2 !y hold t to love ,god is n necess>y to salvation2 & g s f> z to ma9ta9 t #8?is disp5sation f lov+ ,god is ! privilege :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ has introduc$ into ! _w6' ,?is1 sir1 is ! v climax ( impiety4 ,! price ( ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ paid to obta9 u a disp5sation f lov+ him6 ,be=e ! inc>nation1 x seems m5 7 oblig$ to love ,god3 b s9ce #8,god has s lov$ ! _w z to give 8 only-begott5 ,son1' ! _w1 r$eem$ by him1 is releas$ f lov+ him6 ,/range div9ity ( our days--to d>e to take (f ! #8ana!ma' :i* ,/4 ,paul d5\nces on ^? #8t love n ! ,"l ,jesus6' ,to cancel ! s5t5ce ( ,/4 ,john3 #8,he t love? n1 abide? 9 dea?6' & t ( ,jesus ,*ri/ himself3 #8,he t love? me n keepe? n my precepts6' & ?us to r5d] ^? wor?y ( enjoy+ ,god ?r\gh et]nity :o nev] lov$ ,god all _! life6#bbg ,behold ! ,my/]y ( ,iniquity fulfill$6 ,op5 y\r eyes at l5g?1 my de> fa!r1 & if ! o!r ab]rations ( y\r casui/s h made no impression on y1 let ^! la/1 by _! v extravagance1 compel y to ab&on !m4 ,?is is :at ,i desire f ! bottom ( my he>t1 = y\r own sake & = ! sake ( y\r doctors2 & my pray] to ,god is1 t he w\ld v\*safe to conv9ce !m h[ false ! light mu/ be t has guid$ !m to su* precipices2 & t he w\ld fill _! he>ts ) t love ( himself f :i* !y h d>$ to give man a disp5sation60 ,aft] "s rem>ks ( ?is nature1 ,i took my leave ( ! monk1 & ,i see no great likelihood ( my repeat+ my visits to him4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 ne$ n occasion y any regret2 =1 %\ld x be necess>y to cont9ue ^! communications on _! maxims1 ,i h /udi$ _! books suffici5tly to tell y z mu* ( _! morality1 & m1 p]haps1 ( _! policy1 ?an he c\ld h done himself4--,i am1 c4 ----- ,footnote #bjd3 ,see be=e1 p4 #aaf4 ,footnote #bje3 ,imago ,primi ,seculi1 l4 iii41 c4 #h4 ,footnote #bjf3 ,esc4 tr4 #g1 a4 #d1 n4 #ace2 also1 ,pr9c41 ex4 #b1 n4 #gc4 ,footnote #bjg3 ,! practice ( auricul> confession 0 ab\t ?ree hundr$ ye>s old be=e ! ,re=mation1 hav+ rema9$ undet]m9$ till ! ye> #aaej aft] ,*ri/4 ,! e>ly fa!rs 71 beyond all "q1 decid$ly oppos$ to x4 ,*ryso/om reasons v diff]5tly f ! text4 8,b ?\ art a%am$ to say t ?\ ha/ s9n$8 ,confess ?y faults1 !n1 daily 9 ?y pray]2 = d ,i say1 #8,confess !m to ?y fell[-s]vant :o may reproa* !e !re)8' ,no2 confess !m to ,god :o heale? !m40 7,9 ,ps4 l4 hom4 #b47 ,& to :om did ,augu/9e make 8 ,confessions8 ,0 x n to ! same ,be+ to :om ,david 9 ! ,psalms & ! publican 9 ! ,gospel1 made !irs8 8,:at h ,i to d ) m510 says ?is fa!r1 8t !y %\ld he> my confessions1 z if !y 7 to heal all my diseases60 7,confes41 lib4 x41 p4 #c47 ,footnote #bjh3 ,pr9c41 ex4 #b4 n4 #ci1 #da1 #fa1 #fb4 ,footnote #bji3 ,john xx4 #bc3 8,receive ye ! ,holy ,gho/3 ,^: soev] s9s ye remit1 !y are remitt$ unto !m2 & ^: soev] s9s ye reta91 !y are reta9$40 ,all ! anci5t fa!rs1 su* z ,basil1 ,ambrose1 ,augu/9e1 & ,*ryso/om1 expla9 ?is remission ( s9s z ! "w ( ! ,holy ,gho/1 & n ( ! apo/les except m9i/]ially1 9 ! use ( ! spiritual keys ( doctr9e & discipl9e1 ( int]cess>y pray] & ( ! sacram5ts4 7,us%]'s ,jesuits' ,*all5ge1 p4 #abb c47 ,ev5 ! s*oolm5 held t ! p[] ( b9d+ & loos+ committ$ to ! m9i/]s ( ! ,*ur* is n absolute1 b mu/ be limit$ by clave non errante1 or :5 no error is committ$ 9 ! use ( ! keys4 ,footnote #baj3 ,9 #c "p1 t4 #d1 disp4 #cb1 sect4 #b1 n4 #b4 ,footnote #baa3 ,summ>y ( ,s9s1 c4 #df1 p4 #ajij1 #a1 #b4 ,footnote #bab3 ,d5is ,petau 7,dionysius ,petavius7 a le>n$ ,jesuit1 0 born at ,orleans 9 #aeic1 & di$ 9 #afeb4 ,! catalogue ( 8 works alone w\ld fill a volume4 ,he wrote 9 elegant ,lat91 on all subjects1 gramm>1 hi/ory1 *ronology1 c41 z well z !ology4 ,p]rault in=ms u t he _h an incr$ible ardor = ! conv]sion ( h]etics1 & _h almo/ succe$$ 9 conv]t+ ! celebrat$ ,grotius--a v unlikely /ory4 7,les ,hommes ,illu/res1 p4 #ai47 ,8 book on ,public ,p5ance 7,p>is1 #afdd7 0 int5d$ z a refutation ( ,arnauld's 8,frequ5t ,communion20 b is said to h be5 ill-writt5 & unsuccessful4 ,?\gh he pr(ess$ ! !ology ( 8 ord]1 he is said to h _h a k9d ( pr$ilection = au/]e op9ions1 be+ naturally ( a melan*oly temp]4 ,:5 invit$ by ! pope to visit ,rome1 he repli$1 8,i am too old to flit0--dem5ag]4 7,dict4 ,univ41 art4 ,petau47 ,footnote #bac3 ,reply to ! ,moral ,!ol41 p4 #baa4 ,footnote #bad3 ,esc41 ,practice ( ! ,society1 tr4 #g1 ex4 #d1 n4 #bbf4 ,footnote #bae3 ,p4 #ajhb1 #ajhi ,footnote #baf3 ,!ol4 ,mor41 tr4 #d1 ,de ,pnit41 q4 #ac pp4 #ic1 #id4 ,footnote #bag3 ,! "w ascrib$ to ,p9t]eau 0 entitl$1 8,les ,impo/ures et les ,ignorances du ,libelle intitul la ,!ologie ,morale des ,jesuites3 p> l',abb du ,boisic40 ,footnote #bah3 ,t is1 ! sacram5t ( p5ance1 z x is call$4 8,t contrition is at all times necess>ily requir$ = obta9+ remission ( s9s & ju/ification1 is a matt] det]m9$ by ! fa!rs ( ,tr5t4 ,b m>k yet ! my/]y4 ,!y equivocate ) u 9 ! t]m contrition1 & make a di/9ction !re( into p]fect & imp]fect4 ,! =m] ( ^! is contrition prop]ly2 ! latt] !y call attrition1 :i* h[soev] 9 itself x be no true contrition1 yet :5 ! prie/1 ) 8 p[] ( =giv+ s9s1 int]poses himself 9 ! bus9ess1 !y tell u t attrition1 by virtue ( ! keys1 is made contrition3 t is to say1 t a sorr[ aris+ f a s]vile fe> ( puni%m5t1 & su* a fruitless rep5tance z ! reprobate may c>ry ) !m to hell1 by virtue ( ! prie/'s absolution1 is made s fruitful t x %all s]ve ! turn = obta9+ =giv5ess ( s9s1 z if x _h be5 t godly sorr[ :i* worke? rep5tance to salvation n to be rep5t$ (4 ,by :i* spiritual coz5age _m poor s\ls are mo/ mis]ably delud$40 7,us%]'s ,tracts1 p4 #aec47 ,footnote #bai3 ,^! quotations1 c>efully m>k$ 9 ! orig9al1 af=d a suffici5t answ] to ,fa!r ,daniel's long argum5t1 :i* consi/s *iefly ( citations f ,jesuit writ]s :o hold ! views above giv54 ,footnote #bbj3 ,x may be rememb]$ t ,diana1 ?\gh n a ,jesuit1 0 claim$ by ! ,society z a favor] ( _! casui/s4 ,?is writ] 0 once held 9 su* high repute1 t he 0 consult$ by p f all p>ts ( ! _w z a p]fect oracle 9 cases ( consci5ce4 ,he is n[ =gott54 ,8 /yle1 l t ( mo/ ( ^! s*ola/ics1 is describ$ z 8insipid1 /+y1 & crawl+40 7,biogr4 ,univ41 ,anc4 et ,mod47 ,footnote #bba3 ,esc4 ,pratique de notre ,socit1 tr4 #g1 ex4 #d1 n4 #ia4 ,footnote #bbb3 ,tr4 #h1 disp4 #c1 n4 #ac4 ,footnote #bbc3 ,( ,tr5t4 ,nicole attempts to prove t ! 8imp]fect contrition0 ( ?is ,c\ncil includes ! love ( ,god1 & t !y condemn$ z h]etical ! op9ion1 t 8any c\ld prep>e himself = grace )\t a movem5t ( ! ,holy ,_s40 ,he is m successful 9 %[+ t ! ,jesuits 7 h]etical :5 judg$ by ,augu/9e & ! ,holy ,scriptures4 7,note #b1 sur la x4 ,lettre47 ,footnote #bbd3 ,! ,jesuits are s fond ( _! 8attrition10 or purely natural rep5tance1 t "o ( _! own !ologians 7,c>d9al ,francis ,tolet7 hav+ condemn$ x !y falsifi$ ! passage 9 a subsequ5t edition1 mak+ him speak ! opposite s5tim5t4 ,! =g]y 0 expos$2 b ! wor?y fa!rs1 accord+ to cu/om1 all[$ x to pass )\t notice1 ad majorem ,dei gloriam4 7,nicole1 iii4 #ie47 ,footnote #bbe3 ,tr4 #a1 ex4 #b1 n4 #ba2 & tr4 #e1 ex4 #d1 n4 #h4 ,footnote #bbf3 ,%ock+ z ^! pr9ciples are1 x might be easy to %[ t !y necess>ily fl[ f ! ,romi% doctr9e1 :i* sub/itutes ! imp]fect ob$i5ce ( ! s9n] z ! m]itori\s gr\nd ( ju/ification1 9 ! room ( ! all-p]fect ob$i5ce & oblation ( ! ,son ( ,god1 :i* r5d]s x necess>y to l[] ! div9e /&>d ( duty4 ,! attempt ( ,fa!r ,daniel to escape f ! s]i\s *>ge 9 ! text "u a cl\d ( metaphysical di/9ctions ab\t affective & effective love1 is ab\t z lame z ! argum5t he draws f ! m]ciful "* ( ! ,gospel1 is di%onorable to ! ,savi\r1 :o 8came n to de/roy ! law & ! prophets b to fulfil40 ,b ?is 8confusion worse conf\nd$0 arises f putt+ love to ,god out ( its prop] place & repres5t+ x z ! price ( our p>don in/ead ( ! fruit ( fai? 9 p>don+ m]cy4 ,arnauld 0 z f> wrong on ?is po9t z ! ,jesuits2 & x is a/oni%+ t he did n discov] 9 _! sy/em ! radical error ( 8 own cre$ c>ri$ out to its prop] consequ5ces4 7,reponse ,g54 au ,livre de ,m4 ,arnauld1 p> ,elie ,m]lat1 p4 #cj47 ,footnote #bbg3 8,no?+ on ?is po9t10 says ,nicole 9 a note "h1 8c be f9] ?an ! prosopopeia 9 :i* ,despraux 7,boileau7 introduces ,god z judg+ mank9d40 ,he !n quotes a long passage f ! ,twelf? ,epi/le ( t poet1 beg9n+-- 8,qu& ,dieu vi5dra jug] les vivans et les morts10 c4 ,boileau 0 ! p]sonal fri5d ( ,arnauld & ,pascal1 & satiriz$ ! ,jesuits ) su* pleasant irony t ,fa!r la ,*aise1 ! confessor ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 ?\gh himself a ,jesuit1 is said to h tak5 a pleasure 9 repeat+ 8 v]ses4 ,,lett] ,,xi4 ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1 ,,! ,,jesuits4#bbh ,,ridicule ,a ,,fair ,,weapon ,,:5 ,,employ$ ,,aga9/ ,,absurd ,,op9ions--,,rules ,,to ,,be ,,obs]v$ ,,9 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,?is ,,weapon--,,! ,,pr(ane ,,buffoon]y ,,( ,,fa!rs ,,le ,,mo9e ,,& ,,g>asse4 ,augu/ #ah1 #afef4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1--,i h se5 ! lett]s :i* y are circulat+ 9 opposition to ^? :i* ,i wrote to "o ( my fri5ds on y\r morality2 & ,i p]ceive t "o ( ! pr9cipal po9ts ( y\r def5ce is1 t ,i h n spok5 ( y\r maxims ) suffici5t s]i\sness4 ,?is *>ge y repeat 9 all y\r productions1 & c>ry x s f> z to allege1 t ,i h be5 8guilty ( turn+ sacr$ ?+s into ridicule40 ,su* a *>ge1 fa!rs1 is no less surpris+ ?an x is unf\nd$4 ,:]e d y f9d t ,i h turn$ sacr$ ?+s into ridicule8 ,y specify 8! ,mohatra contract1 & ! /ory ( ,john d',alba40 ,b are ^! :at y call 8sacr$ ?+s80 ,does x really appe> to y t ! ,mohatra is some?+ s v5]able t x w\ld be blasphemy n to speak ( x ) respect8 ,& ! lessons ( ,fa!r ,bauny on l>c5y1 :i* l$ ,john d',alba to practise x at y\r exp5se1 are !y s sacr$ z to entitle y to /igmatize all :o laugh at !m z pr(ane p8 ,:at1 fa!rs6 mu/ ! vag>ies ( y\r doctors pass = ! v]ities ( ! ,*ri/ian fai?1 & no man be all[$ to ridicule ,escob>1 or ! fanta/ical & un*ri/ian dogmas ( y\r au?ors1 )\t be+ /igmatiz$ z je/+ at religion8 ,is x possible y c h v5tur$ to reit]ate s (t5 an idea s utt]ly unreasonable8 ,h y no fe>s t1 9 blam+ me = laugh+ at y\r absurdities1 y may only af=d me fre% subject ( m]rim5t2 t y may make ! *>ge recoil on y\rselves1 by %[+ t ,i h really select$ no?+ f y\r writ+s z ! matt] ( raill]y1 b :at 0 truly ridicul\s2 & t ?us1 9 mak+ a je/ ( y\r morality1 ,i h be5 z f> f je]+ at holy ?+s1 z ! doctr9e ( y\r casui/s is f> f ! holy doctr9e ( ! ,gospel8 ,inde$1 rev]5d sirs1 !re is a va/ diff]5ce betwe5 laugh+ at religion1 & laugh+ at ^? :o pr(ane x by _! extravagant op9ions4 ,x 7 impiety to be want+ 9 respect = ! v]ities :i* ! ,_s ( ,god has reveal$2 b x 7 no less impiety ( ano!r sort1 to be want+ 9 contempt = ! falsities :i* ! _s ( man opposes to !m4#bbi ,=1 fa!rs 7s9ce y w =ce me into ?is argum5t71 ,i besee* y to consid] t1 j 9 proportion z ,*ri/ian tru?s are wor?y ( love & respect1 ! contr>y errors mu/ des]ve hatr$ & contempt2 !re be+ two ?+s 9 ! tru?s ( our religion--a div9e beauty t r5d]s !m lovely1 & a sacr$ maje/y t r5d]s !m v5]able2 & two ?+s also ab\t errors--an impiety1 t makes !m horrible1 & an imp]t95ce t r5d]s !m ridicul\s4 ,= ^! reasons1 :ile ! sa9ts h ev] *]i%$ t[>ds ! tru? ! two-fold s5tim5t ( love & fe>--! :ole ( _! wisdom be+ compris$ betwe5 fe>1 :i* is its beg9n+1 & love1 :i* is its end--!y h1 at ! same "t1 ent]ta9$ t[>ds error ! two-fold feel+ ( hatr$ & contempt1 & _! zeal has be5 at once employ$ to repel1 by =ce ( reason+1 ! malice ( ! wick$1 & to *a/ise1 by ! aid ( ridicule1 _! extravagance & folly4 ,d n !n expect1 fa!rs1 to make p believe t x is unwor?y ( a ,*ri/ian to treat error ) d]ision4 ,no?+ is easi] ?an to conv9ce all :o 7 n aw>e ( x be=e1 t ?is practice is p]fectly j--t x is common ) ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 & t x is sanction$ by ,scripture1 by ! example ( ! be/ ( sa9ts1 & ev5 by t ( ,god himself4 ,d we n f9d t ,god at once hates & despises s9n]s2 s t ev5 at ! h\r ( dea?1 :5 _! condition is mo/ sad & deplorable1 ,div9e ,wisdom adds mock]y to ! v5geance :i* consigns !m to et]nal puni%m5t8 8,9 int]itu ve/ro ridebo et subsannabo--,i w laugh at y\r calamity40 ,! sa9ts1 too1 influ5c$ by ! same feel+1 w jo9 9 ! d]ision2 =1 accord+ to ,david1 :5 !y witness ! puni%m5t ( ! wick$1 8!y %all fe>1 & yet laugh at x--videbunt ju/i et timebunt1 et sup] eum ridebunt40 ,& ,job says3 8,innoc5s subsannabit eos--,! innoc5t %all laugh at !m40#bcj ,x is wor?y ( rem>k "h1 t ! v fir/ words :i* ,god address$ to man aft] 8 fall1 conta91 9 ! op9ion ( ! fa!rs1 8bitt] irony0 & mock]y4 ,aft] ,adam _h disobey$ 8 ,mak]1 9 ! hope1 sugge/$ by ! devil1 ( be+ l ,god1 x appe>s f ,scripture t ,god1 z a puni%m5t1 subject$ him to dea?2 & aft] hav+ r$uc$ him to ?is mis]able condition1 :i* 0 due to 8 s91 he taunt$ him 9 t /ate ) ! foll[+ t]ms ( d]ision3 8,behold1 ! man has become z "o ( u6--,ecce1 ,adam quasi unus ex nobis60--:i*1 accord+ to ,/4 ,j]ome#bca & ! int]pret]s1 is 8a griev\s & cutt+ piece ( irony10 ) :i* ,god 8/ung him to ! quick40 8,adam10 says ,rup]t1 8des]v$ to be taunt$ 9 ?is mann]1 & he w\ld be naturally made to feel 8 folly m acutely by ?is ironical expression ?an by a m s]i\s "o40 ,/4 ,victor1 aft] mak+ ! same rem>k1 adds1 8t ?is irony 0 due to 8 sotti% cr$ulity1 & t ?is species ( raill]y is an act ( ju/ice1 m]it$ by him aga9/ :om x 0 direct$40#bcb ,?us y see1 fa!rs1 t ridicule is1 9 "s cases1 a v appropriate means ( reclaim+ m5 f _! errors1 & t x is accord+ly an act ( ju/ice1 because1 z ,j]emiah says1 8! actions ( ^? t err are wor?y ( d]ision1 because ( _! vanity--vana sunt et risu digna40 ,& s f> f its be+ impi\s to laugh at !m1 ,/4 ,augu/9e holds x to be ! effect ( div9e wisdom3 8,! wise laugh at ! fooli%1 because !y are wise1 n aft] _! own wisdom1 b aft] t div9e wisdom :i* %all laugh at ! dea? ( ! wick$40 ,! prophets1 accord+ly1 fill$ ) ! ,_s ( ,god1 h avail$ !mselves ( ridicule1 z we f9d f ! examples ( ,daniel & ,elias4 ,9 %ort1 examples ( x are n want+ 9 ! disc\rses ( ,jesus ,*ri/ himself4 ,/4 ,augu/9e rem>ks t1 :5 he w\ld humble ,nicodemus1 :o deem$ himself s exp]t 9 8 k ( ! law1 8p]ceiv+ him to be puff$ up ) pride1 f 8 rank z doctor ( ! ,jews1 he fir/ beats d[n 8 presumption by ! magnitude ( 8 dem&s1 & hav+ r$uc$ him s l[ t he 0 unable to answ]1 ,:at6 says he1 y a ma/] 9 ,israel1 & n "k ^! ?+s6--z if he _h said1 ,pr\d rul]1 confess t ?\ kn[e/ no?+40 ,/4 ,*ryso/om & ,/4 ,cyril likewise obs]ve ^u ?is1 t 8he des]v$ to be ridicul$ 9 ?is mann]40 ,y may le>n f ?is1 fa!rs1 t %\ld x s happ51 9 our day1 t p]sons :o enact ! "p ( 8ma/]s0 among ,*ri/ians1 z ,nicodemus & ! ,ph>isees did among ! ,jews1 %[ !mselves s ignorant ( ! fir/ pr9ciples ( religion z to ma9ta91 = example1 t 8a man may be sav$ :o nev] lov$ ,god all 8 life10 we only foll[ ! example ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :5 we laugh at su* a comb9ation ( ignorance & conceit4 ,i am sure1 fa!rs1 ^! sacr$ examples are suffici5t to conv9ce y1 t to d]ide ! errors & extravagances ( man is n inconsi/5t ) ! practice ( ! sa9ts2 o!rwise we mu/ blame t ( ! greate/ doctors ( ! ,*ur*1 :o h be5 guilty ( x--su* z ,/4 ,j]ome1 9 8 lett]s & writ+s aga9/ ,jov9ian1 ,vigilantius1 & ! ,pelagians2 ,t]tullian1 9 8 ,apology aga9/ ! follies ( idolat]s2 ,/4 ,augu/9e aga9/ ! monks ( ,africa1 :om he /yles 8! hairy m520 ,/4 ,ir5u ! ,gno/ics2 ,/4 ,b]n>d & ! o!r fa!rs ( ! ,*ur*1 :o1 hav+ be5 ! imitators ( ! apo/les1 ought to be imitat$ by ! fai?ful 9 all "t com+2 =1 say :at we w1 !y are ! true models = ,*ri/ians1 ev5 ( ! pres5t day4 ,9 foll[+ su* examples1 ,i conceiv$ t ,i c\ld n g f> wrong2 &1 z ,i ?9k ,i h suffici5tly e/abli%$ ?is position1 ,i %all only add1 9 ! admirable words ( ,t]tullian1 :i* give ! true explanation ( ! :ole ( my proce$+ 9 ?is matt]3 8,:at ,i h n[ done is only a little sport be=e ! real combat4 ,i h r indicat$ ! w\nds t might be giv5 y1 ?an inflict$ any4 ,if ! read] has met ) passages :i* h excit$ 8 risibility1 he mu/ ascribe ?is to ! subjects !mselves4 ,!re are _m ?+s :i* des]ve to be held up 9 ?is way to ridicule & mock]y1 le/1 by a s]i\s refutation1 we %\ld atta* a weight to !m :i* !y d n des]ve4 ,no?+ is m due to vanity ?an laught]2 & x is ! ,tru? prop]ly t has a "r to laugh1 because %e is *e]ful1 & to make sport ( h] enemies1 because %e is sure ( ! victory4 ,c>e mu/ be tak51 inde$1 t ! raill]y is n too l[1 & unwor?y ( ! tru?2 b1 keep+ ?is 9 view1 :5 ridicule may be employ$ ) effect1 x is a duty to avail ourselves ( x40 ,d y n ?9k1 fa!rs1 t ?is passage is s+ul>ly applicable to our subject8 ,! lett]s :i* ,i h hi!rto writt5 are 8m]ely a little sport be=e a real combat40 ,z yet ,i h be5 only play+ ) ! foils1 & 8r indicat+ ! w\nds t might be giv5 y ?an inflict+ any40 ,i h m]ely expos$ y\r passages to ! light1 )\t mak+ almo/ a reflection on !m4 8,if ! read] has met ) any t h excit$ 8 risibility1 he mu/ ascribe ?is to ! subjects !mselves40 ,&1 inde$1 :at is m fitt$ to raise a laugh1 ?an to see a matt] s grave z t ( ,*ri/ian morality deck$ out ) fancies s grotesque z ^? 9 :i* y h exhibit$ x8 ,"o is apt to =m su* high anticipations ( ^! maxims1 f be+ told t 8,jesus ,*ri/ himself has reveal$ !m to ! fa!rs ( ! ,society10 t :5 "o discov]s among !m su* absurdities z 8t a prie/ receiv+ money to say mass1 may take additional sums f o!r p]sons by giv+ up to !m 8 own %>e 9 ! sacrifice20 8t a monk is n to be excommunicat$ = putt+ (f 8 habit1 provid$ x is to dance1 sw9dle1 or g incognito into infam\s h\ses20 & 8t ! duty ( he>+ mass may be fulfill$ by li/5+ to f\r qu>t]s ( a mass at once f diff]5t prie/s0--:51 ,i say1 "o li/5s to su* decisions z ^!1 ! surprise is su* t x is impossible to refra9 f laugh+2 = no?+ is m calculat$ to produce t emotion ?an a />tl+ contra/ betwe5 ! ?+ look$ = & ! ?+ look$ at4 ,& :y %\ld ! great] "p ( ^! maxims be treat$ 9 any o!r way8 ,z ,t]tullian says1 8,to treat !m s]i\sly w\ld be to sanction !m40 ,:at6 is x necess>y to br+ up all ! =ces ( ,scripture & tradition1 9 ord] to prove t runn+ a sword ?r\gh a man's body1 cov]tly & beh9d 8 back1 is to murd] him 9 trea*]y8 or1 t to give "o money z a motive to resign a b5efice1 is to pur*ase ! b5efice8 ,yes1 !re are ?+s :i* x is duty to despise1 & :i* 8des]ve only to be laugh$ at40 ,9 %ort1 ! rem>k ( t anci5t au?or1 8t no?+ is m due to vanity ?an d]ision10 ) :at foll[s1 applies to ! case be=e u s ju/ly & s conv9c+ly1 z to put x beyond all "q t we may laugh at errors )\t violat+ propriety4 ,& let me add1 fa!rs1 t ?is may be done )\t any brea* ( *>ity ei!r1 ?\gh ?is is ano!r ( ! *>ges y br+ aga9/ me 9 y\r publications4 ,=1 accord+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e1 8*>ity may sometimes oblige u to ridicule ! errors ( m51 t !y may be induc$ to laugh at !m 9 _! turn1 & r5\nce !m--,hc tu mis]icordit] irride1 ut eis rid5da ac fugi5da comm5des40 ,& ! same *>ity may also1 at o!r times1 b9d u to repel !m ) indignation1 accord+ to t o!r say+ ( ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nazianz53 8,! _s ( meekness & *>ity ha? its emotions & its heats40 ,inde$1 z ,/4 ,augu/9e obs]ves1 8:o w\ld v5ture to say t tru? ought to /& dis>m$ aga9/ falsehood1 or t ! enemies ( ! fai? %all be at lib]ty to fright5 ! fai?ful ) h>d words1 & je] at !m ) lively sallies ( wit2 :ile ! ,ca?olics ought nev] to write except ) a coldness ( /yle en\gh to set ! read] asleep80 ,is x n obvi\s t1 by foll[+ su* a c\rse1 a wide door w\ld be op5$ = ! introduction ( ! mo/ extravagant & p]nici\s dogmas into ! ,*ur*2 :ile none w\ld be all[$ to treat !m ) contempt1 ?r\gh fe> ( be+ *>g$ ) violat+ propriety1 or to confute !m ) indignation1 f ! dread ( be+ tax$ ) want ( *>ity8 ,inde$1 fa!rs6 %all y be all[$ to ma9ta91 8t x is lawful to kill a man to avoid a box on ! e> or an affront10 & mu/ nobody be p]mitt$ publicly to expose a public error ( su* consequ5ce8 ,%all y be at lib]ty to say1 8t a judge may 9 consci5ce reta9 a fee receiv$ = an act ( inju/ice10 & %all no "o be at lib]ty to contradict y8 ,%all y pr9t1 ) ! privilege & approbation ( y\r doctors1 8t a man may be sav$ )\t ev] hav+ lov$ ,god20 & w y %ut ! m\? ( ^? :o def5d ! true fai?1 by tell+ !m t !y w\ld violate bro!rly love by attack+ y1 & ,*ri/ian mode/y by laugh+ at y\r maxims8 ,i d\bt1 fa!rs1 if !re be any p]sons :om y c\ld make believe ?is2 if1 h[ev]1 !re be any su*1 :o are really p]suad$ t1 by d5\nc+ y\r morality1 ,i h be5 defici5t 9 ! *>ity :i* ,i owe to y1 ,i w\ld h !m exam9e1 ) great jeal\sy1 :5ce ?is feel+ takes its rise )9 !m4 ,!y may imag9e t x proce$s f a holy zeal1 :i* w n all[ !m to see _! neighbor impea*$ )\t be+ sc&aliz$ at x2 b ,i w\ld entreat !m to consid]1 t x is n impossible t x may fl[ f ano!r s\rce1 & t x is ev5 extremely likely t x may spr+ f t secret1 & (t5 self-conceal$ dissatisfaction1 :i* ! unhappy corruption )9 u seldom fails to /ir up aga9/ ^? :o oppose ! relaxation ( morals4 ,& to furni% !m ) a rule :i* may enable !m to asc]ta9 ! real pr9ciple f :i* x proce$s1 ,i w ask !m1 if1 :ile !y lam5t ! way 9 :i* ! religi\s#bcc h be5 treat$1 !y lam5t /ill m ! mann] 9 :i* ^! religi\s h treat$ ! tru?4 ,if !y are inc5s$1 n only aga9/ ! lett]s1 b /ill m aga9/ ! maxims quot$ 9 !m1 ,i %all grant x to be b>ely possible t _! res5tm5t proce$s f "s zeal1 ?\gh n ( ! mo/ enlight5$ k9d2 &1 9 ?is case1 ! passages ,i h j cit$ f ! fa!rs w s]ve to enlight5 !m4 ,b if !y are m]ely angry at ! repreh5sion1 & n at ! ?+s repreh5d$1 truly1 fa!rs1 ,i %all nev] scruple to tell !m t !y are grossly mi/ak51 & t _! zeal is mis]ably bl9d4 ,/range zeal1 inde$6 :i* gets angry at ^? t c5sure public faults1 & n at ^? t commit !m6 ,novel *>ity ?is1 :i* groans at see+ error confut$1 b feels no grief at see+ morality subv]t$ by t error6 ,if ^! p]sons 7 9 dang] ( be+ assass9at$1 pray1 w\ld !y be (f5d$ at "o adv]tis+ !m ( ! /ratagem t _h be5 laid = !m2 & in/ead ( turn+ out ( _! way to avoid x1 w\ld !y trifle away _! "t 9 :9+ ab\t ! little *>ity manife/$ 9 discov]+ to !m ! crim9al design ( ! assass9s8 ,d !y get waspi% :5 "o tells !m n to eat su* an article ( food1 because x is poison$8 or n to ent] su* a city1 because x has ! plague8 ,:5ce comes x1 !n1 t ! same p]sons :o set d[n a man z want+ 9 *>ity1 = expos+ maxims hurtful to religion1 w\ld1 on ! contr>y1 ?9k him equally defici5t 9 t grace 7 he n to disclose matt]s hurtful to heal? & life1 unless x be f ?is1 t _! fondness = life induces !m to take 9 good "p e h9t t contributes to its pres]vation1 :ile _! indiff]5ce to tru? leads !m1 n only to take no %>e 9 its def5ce1 b ev5 to view ) pa9 ! ef=ts made = ! extirpation ( falsehood8 ,let !m s]i\sly pond]1 z 9 ! sight ( ,god1 h[ %ameful1 & h[ prejudicial to ! ,*ur*1 is ! morality :i* y\r casui/s are 9 ! habit ( propagat+2 ! sc&al\s & unmeasur$ lic5se :i* !y are introduc+ into public mann]s2 ! ob/9ate & viol5t h>dihood ) :i* y support !m4 ,& if !y d n ?9k x full "t to rise aga9/ su* disord]s1 _! bl9dness is z mu* to be piti$ z y\rs1 fa!rs2 & y & !y h equal reason to dread t say+ ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 f\nd$ on ! words ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 9 ! ,gospel3 8,woe to ! bl9d lead]s6 woe to ! bl9d foll[]s6--,v ccis duc5tibus6 v ccis sequ5tibus60 ,b to leave y no room 9 future1 ei!r to create su* impressions on ! m9ds ( o!rs1 or to h>bor !m 9 y\r own1 ,i %all tell y1 fa!rs 7& ,i am a%am$ ,i %\ld h to tea* y :at ,i %\ld h r le>nt f y71 ! m>ks :i* ! fa!rs ( ! ,*ur* h giv5 = judg+ :5 our animadv]sions fl[ f a pr9ciple ( piety & *>ity1 & :5 f a _s ( malice & impiety4 ,! fir/ ( ^! rules is1 t ! _s ( piety always prompts u to speak ) s9c]ity & tru?fulness2 :]eas malice & envy make use ( falsehood & calumny4 8,spl5d5tia et vehem5tia1 s$ rebus v]is--,spl5did & vehem5t 9 words1 b true 9 ?+s10 z ,/4 ,augu/9e says4 ,! deal] 9 falsehood is an ag5t ( ! devil4 ,no direction ( ! int5tion c sanctify sl&]2 & ?\gh ! conv]sion ( ! :ole e>? %\ld dep5d on x1 no man may w>rantably calumniate ! innoc5t3 because none may d ! lea/ evil1 9 ord] to accompli% ! greate/ good2 &1 z ! ,scripture says1 8! tru? ( ,god /&s 9 no ne$ ( our lie40 ,/4 ,hil>y obs]ves1 t 8x is ! b\nd5 duty ( ! advocates ( tru?1 to advance no?+ 9 its support b true ?+s40 ,n[1 fa!rs1 ,i c decl>e be=e ,god1 t !re is no?+ t ,i dete/ m ?an ! slighte/ possible deviation f ! tru?1 & t ,i h ev] tak5 ! greate/ c>e1 n only n to falsify 7:i* w\ld be horrible71 b n to alt] or wre/1 9 ! slighte/ possible degree1 ! s5se ( a s+le passage4 ,s closely h ,i adh]$ to ?is rule1 t if ,i may presume to apply !m to ! pres5t case1 ,i may safely say1 9 ! words ( ! same ,/4 ,hil>y3 8,if we advance ?+s t are false1 let our /atem5ts be br&$ ) infamy2 b if we c %[ t !y are public & notori\s1 x is no brea* ( apo/olic mode/y or lib]ty to expose !m40 ,x is n en\gh1 h[ev]1 to tell no?+ b ! tru?2 we mu/ n always tell ev]y?+ t is true2 we %\ld publi% only ^? ?+s :i* x is useful to disclose1 & n ^? :i* c only hurt1 )\t do+ any good4 ,&1 !re=e1 z ! fir/ rule is to speak ) tru?1 ! second is to speak ) discretion4 8,! wick$10 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 89 p]secut+ ! good1 bl9dly foll[ ! dictates ( _! passion2 b ! good1 9 _! prosecution ( ! wick$1 are guid$ by a wise discretion1 ev5 z ! surgeon w>ily consid]s :]e he is cutt+1 :ile ! murd]] c>es n :]e he /rikes40 ,y mu/ be s5sible1 fa!rs1 t 9 select+ f ! maxims ( y\r au?ors1 ,i h refra9$ f quot+ ^? :i* w\ld h gall$ y mo/1 ?\gh ,i might h done x1 & t )\t s9n+ aga9/ discretion1 z o!rs :o 7 bo? le>n$ & ca?olic writ]s1 h done be=e me4 ,all :o h read y\r au?ors "k h[ f> ,i h sp>$ y 9 ?is respect4#bcd ,besides1 ,i h tak5 no notice :atev] ( :at might be br\ght aga9/ individual *>act]s among y2 & ,i w\ld h be5 extremely sorry to h said a ^w ab\t secret & p]sonal fail+s1 :atev] evid5ce ,i might h ( !m1 be+ p]suad$ t ?is is ! di/+ui%+ prop]ty ( malice1 & a practice :i* ought nev] to be resort$ to1 unless :]e x is urg5tly dem&$ = ! good ( ! ,*ur*4 ,x is obvi\s1 !re=e1 t 9 :at ,i h be5 compell$ to advance aga9/ y\r moral maxims1 ,i h be5 by no means want+ 9 due consid]ation3 & t y h m reason to congratulate y\rself on my mod]ation ?an to compla9 ( my indiscretion4 ,! ?ird rule1 fa!rs1 is3 ,t :5 !re is ne$ to employ a little raill]y1 ! _s ( piety w take c>e to employ x aga9/ error only1 & n aga9/ ?+s holy2 :]eas ! _s ( buffoon]y1 impiety1 & h]esy1 mocks at all t is mo/ sacr$4 ,i h already v9dicat$ myself on t score2 & inde$ !re is no great dang] ( fall+ into t vice s long z ,i conf9e my rem>ks to ! op9ions :i* ,i h quot$ f y\r au?ors4 ,9 %ort1 fa!rs1 to abridge ^! rules1 ,i %all only m5tion ano!r1 :i* is ! ess5ce & ! end ( all ! re/3 ,t ! _s ( *>ity prompts u to *]i% 9 ! he>t a desire = ! salvation ( ^? aga9/ :om we dispute1 & to address our pray]s to ,god :ile we direct our accusations to m54 8,we ought ev]10 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 8to pres]ve *>ity 9 ! he>t1 ev5 :ile we are oblig$ to pursue a l9e ( ext]nal conduct :i* to man has ! appe>ance ( h>%ness2 we ought to smite !m ) a %>pness1 sev]e b k9dly1 rememb]+ t _! advantage is m to be /udi$ ?an _! gratification40 ,i am sure1 fa!rs1 t !re is no?+ 9 my lett]s1 f :i* x c be inf]r$ t ,i h n *]i%$ su* a desire t[>ds y2 & z y c f9d no?+ to ! contr>y 9 !m1 *>ity obliges y to believe t ,i h be5 really actuat$ by x4 ,x appe>s1 !n1 t y _c prove t ,i h (f5d$ aga9/ ?is rule1 or aga9/ any ( ! o!r rules :i* *>ity inculcates2 & y h no "r to say1 !re=e1 t ,i h violat$ x4 ,b1 fa!rs1 if y %\ld n[ l to h ! pleasure ( see+1 )9 a %ort compass1 a c\rse ( conduct directly at v>iance ) ea* ( ^! rules1 & be>+ ! g5u9e /amp ( ! _s ( buffoon]y1 envy1 & hatr$1 ,i %all give y a few examples ( x2 & t !y may be ( ! sort be/ kn[n & mo/ famili> to y1 ,i %all extract !m f y\r own writ+s4 ,to beg91 !n1 ) ! unwor?y mann] 9 :i* y\r au?ors speak ( holy ?+s1 :e!r 9 _! sportive & gallant effusions1 or 9 _! m s]i\s pieces1 d y ?9k t ! p>cel ( ridicul\s /ories1 :i* y\r fa!r ,b9et has introduc$ into 8 8,consolation to ! ,sick10 are exactly suitable to 8 pr(ess$ object1 :i* is t ( imp>t+ ,*ri/ian consolation to ^? :om ,god has *a/5$ ) affliction8 ,w y pret5d to say1 t ! pr(ane1 foppi% /yle 9 :i* y\r ,fa!r ,le ,mo9e has talk$ ( piety 9 8 8,devotion made ,easy10 is m fitt$ to inspire respect ?an contempt = ! picture t he draws ( ,*ri/ian virtue8 ,:at else does 8 :ole book ( 8,moral ,pictures0 brea!1 bo? 9 its prose & poetry1 b a _s full ( vanity1 & ! follies ( ?is _w8 ,take1 = example1 t ode 9 8 sev5? book1 entitl$1 8,eulogy on ,ba%fulness1 %[+ t all beautiful ?+s are r$1 or incl9$ to r$d540 ,call y t a production wor?y ( a prie/8 ,! ode is int5d$ to com=t a lady1 call$ ,delph9a1 :o 0 sadly addict$ to blu%+4 ,ea* /anza is devot$ to %[ t c]ta9 r$ ?+s are ! be/ ( ?+s1 su* z roses1 pomegranates1 ! m\?1 ! tongue2 & x is 9 ! mid/ ( ?is bad9age1 s disgraceful 9 a cl]gyman1 t he has ! effront]y to introduce ^? bless$ spirits t m9i/] be=e ,god1 & ( :om no ,*ri/ian %\ld speak )\t rev]5ce3-- 8,! *]ubim--^? glori\s *oirs-- ,compos$ ( head & plumes1 ,:om ,god ) 8 own ,_s inspires1 ,& ) 8 eyes illumes4 ,^! spl5did faces1 z !y fly1 ,are ev] r$ & burn+ high1 ,) fire angelic or div9e2 ,& :ile _! mutual flames comb9e1 ,! wav+ ( _! w+s supplies ,a fan to cool _! extacies6 ,b r$ness %9es ) bett] grace1 ,delph9a1 on ?y beaute\s face1 ,:]e mode/y sits revell+-- ,array$ 9 purple1 l a k+10 c4 ,:at ?9k y ( ?is1 fa!rs8 ,does ?is pref]5ce ( ! blu%es ( ,delph9a to ! ardor ( ^? spirits1 :i* is nei!r m nor less ?an ! ardor ( div9e love1 & ?is simile ( ! fan appli$ to _! my/]i\s w+s1 /rike y z be+ v ,*ri/ian-l 9 ! lips :i* consecrate ! adorable body ( ,jesus ,*ri/8 ,i am q aw>e t he speaks only 9 ! "* ( a gallant1 & to raise a smile2 b ?is is precisely :at is call$ laugh+ at ?+s holy4 ,& is x n c]ta91 t1 7 he to get full ju/ice1 he c\ld n save himself f incurr+ a c5sure8 al?\gh1 to %ield himself f ?is1 he pleads an excuse :i* is h>dly less c5surable ?an ! (f5ce1 8t ! ,sorbonne has no jurisdiction ov] ,p>nassus1 & t ! errors ( t l& are subject nei!r to c5sure nor ! ,inquisition20--z if "o c\ld act ! blasphem] & pr(ane fell[ only 9 prose6 ,!re is ano!r passage1 h[ev]1 9 ! preface1 :]e ev5 ?is excuse fails him1 :5 he says1 8t ! wat] ( ! riv]1 on ^: banks he composes 8 v]ses1 is s apt to make poets1 t1 ?\gh x 7 conv]t$ into holy wat]1 x w\ld n *ase away ! demon ( poesy40 ,to mat* ?is1 ,i may add ! foll[+ flight ( y\r ,fa!r ,g>asse1 9 8 8,summ>y ( ! ,capital ,tru?s 9 ,religion10 :]e1 speak+ ( ! sacr$ my/]y ( ! inc>nation1 he mixes up blasphemy & h]esy 9 ?is fa%ion3 8,! human p]sonality 0 graft$1 z x 71 or set on horseback1 ^u ! p]sonality ( ! ,^w60#bce ,& omitt+ _m o!rs1 ,i might m5tion ano!r passage f ! same au?or1 :o1 speak+ on ! subject ( ! "n ( ,jesus1 ord9>ily writt5 ?us1 ,i4 ,h4 ,s4 obs]ves t 8"s h tak5 away ! cross f ! top ( x1 leav+ ! *>act]s b>ely ?us1 ,i4 ,h4 ,s4--:i*10 says he1 8is a /ripp$ ,jesus60 ,su* is ! indec5cy ) :i* y treat ! tru?s ( religion1 9 ! face ( ! inviolable law :i* b9ds u always to speak ( !m ) rev]5ce4 ,b y h s9n$ no less flagrantly aga9/ ! rule :i* obliges u to speak ( !m ) tru? & discretion4 ,:at is m common 9 y\r writ+s ?an calumny8 ,c ^? ( ,fa!r ,brisaci]#bcf be call$ s9c]e8 ,does he speak ) tru? :5 he says1 t 8! nuns ( ,port-,royal d n pray to ! sa9ts1 & h no images 9 _! *ur*80 ,are n ^! mo/ outrage\s falsehoods1 :5 ! contr>y appe>s be=e ! eyes ( all ,p>is8 ,& c he be said to speak ) discretion1 :5 he /abs ! fair reputation ( ^! virg9s1 :o lead a life s pure & au/]e1 repres5t+ !m z 8imp5it5t1 unsacram5tali/s1 uncommunicants1 fooli% virg9s1 vision>ies1 ,calagans1 desp]ate creatures1 & any?+ y please10 load+ !m ) _m o!r sl&]s1 :i* h ju/ly incurr$ ! c5sure ( ! late ,ar*bi%op ( ,p>is8 or :5 he calumniates prie/s ( ! mo/ irreproa*able morals1#bcg by ass]t+ 8t !y practise novelties 9 confession1 to entrap h&some innoc5t females1 & t he w\ld be horrifi$ to tell ! abom9able crimes :i* !y commit40 ,is x n a piece ( intol]able assurance1 to advance sl&]s s black & base1 n m]ely )\t pro(1 b )\t ! slighte/ %ad[1 or ! mo/ di/ant semblance ( tru?8 ,i %all n enl>ge on ?is topic1 b def] x to a future occasion1 = ,i h some?+ m to say to y ab\t x2 b :at ,i h n[ produc$ is en\gh to %[ t y h s9n$ at once aga9/ tru? & discretion4 ,b x may be said1 p]haps1 t y h n (f5d$ aga9/ ! la/ rule at lea/1 :i* b9ds y to desire ! salvation ( ^? :om y d5\nce1 & t none c *>ge y ) ?is1 except by unlock+ ! secrets ( y\r brea/s1 :i* are only kn[n to ,god4 ,x is /range1 fa!rs1 b true1 nev]!less1 t we c convict y ev5 ( ?is (f5ce2 t :ile y\r hatr$ to y\r oppon5ts has c>ri$ y s f> z to wi% _! et]nal p]dition1 y\r infatuation has driv5 y to discov] ! abom9able wi%2 t s f> f *]i%+ 9 secret desires = _! salvation1 y h (f]$ up pray]s 9 public = _! damnation2 & t1 aft] hav+ giv5 utt]ance to t hide\s v[ 9 ! city ( ,ca51 to ! sc&al ( ! :ole ,*ur*1 y h s9ce !n v5tur$1 9 ,p>is1 to v9dicate1 9 y\r pr9t$ books1 ! diabolical transaction4 ,aft] su* gross (f5ces aga9/ piety1 fir/ ridicul+ & speak+ lightly ( ?+s ! mo/ sacr$2 next falsely & sc&al\sly calumniat+ prie/s & virg9s2 & la/ly1 =m+ desires & pray]s = _! damnation1 x w\ld be difficult to add any?+ worse4 ,i _c conceive1 fa!rs1 h[ y c fail to be a%am$ ( y\rselves1 or h[ y c\ld h ?\ght = an in/ant ( *>g+ me ) a want ( *>ity1 :o h act$ all along ) s mu* tru? & mod]ation1 )\t reflect+ on y\r own horrid violations ( *>ity1 manife/$ 9 ^? deplorable exhibitions1 :i* make ! *>ge recoil aga9/ y\rselves4 ,9 f9e1 fa!rs1 to conclude ) ano!r *>ge :i* y br+ aga9/ me1 ,i see y compla9 t among ! va/ numb] ( y\r maxims :i* ,i quote1 !re are "s :i* h be5 object$ to already1 & t ,i 8say ov] aga91 :at o!rs h said be=e me40 ,to ?is ,i reply1 t x is j because y h n pr(it$ by :at has be5 said be=e1 t ,i say x ov] aga94 ,tell me n[ :at fruit has appe>$ f all ! ca/igations y h receiv$ 9 all ! books writt5 by le>n$ doctors1 & ev5 ! :ole univ]sity8 ,:at m h y\r fa!rs ,annat1 ,causs91 ,p9t]eau1 & ,le ,mo9e done1 9 ! replies !y h put =?1 except load+ ) reproa*es ^? :o _h giv5 !m salut>y admonitions8 ,h y suppress$ ! books 9 :i* ^! nef>i\s maxims are taught8#bch ,h y re/ra9$ ! au?ors ( ^! maxims8 ,h y become m circumspect 9 reg>d to !m8 ,on ! contr>y1 is x n ! fact1 t s9ce t "t ,escob> has be5 repeat$ly repr9t$ 9 ,france & 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries1 & t y\r fa!rs ,cellot1 ,bagot1 ,bauny1 ,lamy1 ,le ,mo9e1 & o!rs1 p]si/ 9 publi%+ daily ! same maxims ov] aga91 or new ones z lic5ti\s z ev]8 ,let u he> no m compla9ts1 !n1 fa!rs1 ei!r because ,i h *>g$ y ) maxims :i* y h n disav[$1 or because ,i h object$ to "s new ones aga9/ y1 or because ,i h laugh$ equally at !m all4 ,y h only to sit d[n & look at !m1 to see at once y\r own confusion & my def5ce4 ,:o c look )\t laugh+ at ! decision ( ,bauny1 respect+ ! p]son :o employs ano!r to set fire to 8 neighbor's b>n2 t ( ,cellot on re/itution2 ! rule ( ,san*ez 9 favor ( sorc]]s2 ! plan ( ,hurtado = avoid+ ! s9 ( duell+ by tak+ a walk ?r\gh a field1 & wait+ = a man2 ! complim5ts ( ,bauny = escap+ usury2 ! way ( avoid+ simony by a det\r ( ! int5tion1 & keep+ cle> ( falsehood by speak+ high & l[2 & su* o!r op9ions ( y\r mo/ grave & rev]5d doctors8 ,is !re any?+ m necess>y1 fa!rs1 = my v9dication8 & z ,t]tullian says1 8c any?+ be m ju/ly due to ! vanity & weakness ( ^! op9ions ?an laught]80 ,b1 fa!rs1 ! corruption ( mann]s to :i* y\r maxims lead des]ves ano!r sort ( consid]ation2 & x becomes u to ask1 ) ! same anci5t writ]1 8,:e!r ought we to laugh at _! folly1 or deplore _! bl9dness8--,rideam vanitatem1 an exprobrem ccitatem80 ,my humble op9ion is1 t "o may ei!r laugh at !m or weep ov] !m1 z "o is 9 ! humor4 ,hc tol]abilius vel rid5tur1 vel fl5tur1 z ,/4 ,augu/9e says4 ,! ,scripture tells u t 8!re is a "t to laugh1 & a "t to weep20 & my hope is1 fa!rs1 t ,i may n f9d v]ifi$1 9 y\r case1 ^! words 9 ! ,prov]bs3 8,if a wise man cont5de? ) a fooli% man1 :e!r he rage or laugh1 !re is no re/40#bci 99 99 99 99 99 ,p4 ,s4--,on f9i%+ ?is lett]1 !re 0 put 9 my h&s "o ( y\r publications1 9 :i* y accuse me ( falsification1 9 ! case ( six ( y\r maxims quot$ by me1 & also ) be+ 9 correspond5ce ) h]etics4 ,y w %ortly receive1 ,i tru/1 a suitable reply2 aft] :i*1 fa!rs1 ,i r ?9k y w n feel v anxi\s to cont9ue ?is species ( w>f>e4#bdj ----- ,footnote #bbh3 ,9 ?is & ! foll[+ lett]s1 ,pascal *anges 8 /yle1 f t ( dialogue to t ( direct address1 & f t ( ! livelie/ irony to t ( s]i\s invective & poignant satire4 ,footnote #bbi3 8,religion1 !y tell u1 ought n to be ridicul$2 & !y tell u tru?3 yet surely ! corruptions 9 x may2 = we are taught by ! trite/ maxim 9 ! _w1 t religion be+ ! be/ ( ?+s1 its corruptions are likely to be ! wor/40 7,swift's ,apology = a ,tale ( a ,tub47 ,footnote #bcj3 ,prov4 i4 #bf2 ,ps4 lii4 #f2 ,job xxii4 #ai4 ,9 ! fir/ passage1 ! figure is evid5tly :at !ologians call an?ropopa?ic1 or speak+ ( ,god aft] ! mann] ( m51 & d5otes 8 total disreg>d ( ! wick$ 9 ! day ( _! calamity4 ,footnote #bca3 ,9 mo/ ( ! editions1 x is 8,/4 ,*ryso/om10 b ,i h foll[$ t ( ,nicole4 ,footnote #bcb3 ,we may be p]mitt$ to "q ! correctness ( ?is int]pretation1 & ! propriety ( introduc+ x 9 ! pres5t connection4 ,= ! =m]1 ! fa!rs1 n ,pascal1 are responsible2 z to ! latt]1 x 0 c]ta9ly sup]flu\s1 & n v happy1 to h rec\rse to su* an example1 to ju/ify ! use ( ridicule z a weapon aga9/ religi\s follies4 ,among o!r writ]s1 ! ,abb ,d',artigny is v sev]e aga9/ our au?or on ?is score1 & quotes ) approbation ! foll[+ c5sure on him3 8,is x possible t a man ( su* g5ius & erudition c\ld ju/ify ! mo/ crim9al excesses by su* respectable examples8 ,n cont5t ) mak+ witty old fell[s ( ! prophets & ! holy fa!rs1 no?+ w s]ve him b to make u believe t ! ,almighty himself has furni%$ u ) prec$5ts = ! mo/ bitt] sl&]s & pleasantries--an evid5t pro( t !re is no?+ t an au?or w n seek to ju/ify :5 he foll[s 8 own passion40 7,n\veaux ,mmoires ,d',artigny1 ii4 #ahe47 ,h[ solemnly & eloqu5tly w a man write d[n all su* satires1 :5 ! je/ is po9t$ aga9/ himself & 8 p>ty6 ,d',artigny quotes1 )9 a few pages1 ) evid5t reli%1 a bitt] satire aga9/ a ,prote/ant m9i/]4 ,footnote #bcc3 8,religi\s10 is a g5]al t]m1 appli$ 9 ! ,romi% ,*ur* to all :o are 9 holy ord]s4 ,footnote #bcd3 8,s f>10 says ,nicole1 8f 8 hav+ told all t he might aga9/ ! ,jesuits1 he has sp>$ !m on po9ts s ess5tial & important1 t all :o h a complete k ( _! maxims h admir$ 8 mod]ation40 8,:at w\ld h be5 ! case10 asks ano!r writ]1 8_h ,pascal expos$ ! late infam\s ?+s put out by _! mis]able casui/s1 & unfold$ ! *a9 & succession ( _! regicide au?ors80 7,diss]tation sur la foi due au ,pascal1 c41 p4 #ad47 ,footnote #bce3 ,! apologi/s ( ! ,jesuits attempt$ to ju/ify ?is extraord9>y illu/ration1 by ref]r+ to ! use :i* ,augu/9e & o!r fa!rs make ( ! p>able ( ! good ,sam>itan :o 8set on 8 own bea/0 ! w\nd$ travell]4 ,b ,nicole has %[n t fanciful z ^! anci5t int]pret]s (t5 71 x is do+ !m inju/ice to fa!r on !m ! absurdity ( ,fa!r ,g>asse4 7,nicole's ,notes1 iii4 #cdj47 ,footnote #bcf3 ,brisaci]1 :o became rector ( ! ,college ( ,r\51 0 a bitt] enemy ( ! ,port-,royali/s4 ,8 defamatory libel aga9/ ! nuns ( ,port-,royal1 entitl$ 8,le ,jans5isme ,confondu10 publi%$ 9 #afea1 0 c5sur$ by ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,p>is1 & vigor\sly assail$ by ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,footnote #bcg3 ,! prie/s ( ,port-,royal4 ,footnote #bch3 ,?is is ! real "q1 :i* br+s ! matt] to a po9t1 & s]ves to answ] all ! evasions ( ! ,jesuits4 ,!y boa/ ( _! unity z a society & _! bl9d ob$i5ce to _! head4 ,h !y1 !n1 ev]1 z a society1 disclaim$ ^! maxims8--h !y ev51 z su*1 condemn$ ! s5tim5ts _! fa!rs ,becan1 ,m>iana1 & o!rs1 on ! duty ( de?ron+ & assass9at+ h]etical k+s8 ,!y h n2 & till ?is is done1 !y mu/ be held1 z ,jesuits1 responsible = ! s5tim5ts :i* !y refuse to disav[4 ,footnote #bci3 ,prov4 xxix4 #i4 ,footnote #bdj3 ,?is po/script1 :i* appe>$ 9 ! e>li] editions1 is dropt 9 t ( ,nicole & o!rs4 ,,lett] ,,xii4 ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1 ,,! ,,jesuits4 ,,refutation ,,( ,,_! ,,*ican]ies ,,reg>d+ ,,alms-,,giv+ ,,& ,,simony4 ,septemb] #i1 #afef4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1--,i 0 prep>$ to write y on ! subject ( ! abuse ) :i* y h = "s "t pa/ be5 assail+ me 9 y\r publications1 9 :i* y salute me ) su* epi!ts z 8reprobate10 8buffoon10 8blockhead10 8m]ry-,&rew10 8impo/or10 8sl&]]10 8*eat10 8h]etic10 8,calv9i/ 9 disguise10 8disciple ( ,du ,m\l910#bda 8possess$ ) a legion ( devils10 & ev]y?+ else y c ?9k (4 ,z ,i %\ld be sorry to h all ?is believ$ ( me1 ,i 0 anxi\s to %[ ! public :y y treat$ me 9 ?is mann]2 & ,i _h resolv$ to compla9 ( y\r calumnies & falsifications1 :5 ,i met ) y\r ,answ]s1 9 :i* y br+ ^! same *>ges aga9/ myself4 ,?is w compel me to alt] my plan2 ?\gh x w n prev5t me f prosecut+ x 9 "s sort1 = ,i hope1 :ile def5d+ myself1 to convict y ( impo/ures m g5u9e ?an ! imag9>y ones :i* y h ascrib$ to me4 ,inde$1 fa!rs1 ! suspicion ( f\l play is mu* m sure to re/ on y ?an on me4 ,x is n v likely1 /&+ z ,i d1 alone1 )\t p[] or any human def5ce1 aga9/ su* a l>ge body1 & hav+ no support b tru? & integrity1 t ,i w\ld expose myself to lose ev]y?+1 by lay+ myself op5 to be convict$ ( impo/ure4 ,x is too easy to discov] falsifications 9 matt]s ( fact su* z ! pres5t4 ,9 su* a case !re w\ld h be5 no want ( p]sons to accuse me1 nor w\ld ju/ice h be5 d5i$ !m4 ,) y1 fa!rs1 ! case is v diff]5t2 y may say z mu* z y please aga9/ me1 :ile ,i may look 9 va9 = any to compla9 to4 ,) su* a wide diff]5ce betwe5 our positions1 ?\gh !re _h be5 no o!r consid]ation to re/ra9 me1 x became me to /udy no little caution4 ,by treat+ me1 h[ev]1 z a common sl&]]1 y compel me to assume ! def5sive1 & y mu/ be aw>e t ?is _c be done )\t ent]+ into a fre% exposition1 & ev5 into a full] disclosure ( ! po9ts ( y\r morality4 ,9 provok+ ?is discussion1 ,i fe> y are n act+ z good politicians4 ,! w> mu/ be wag$ )9 y\r own camp1 & at y\r own exp5se2 & al?\gh y imag9e t1 by embroil+ ! que/ions ) s*ola/ic t]ms1 ! answ]s w be s t$i\s1 ?orny1 & obscure1 t p w lose all reli% = ! controv]sy1 ?is may n1 p]haps1 turn out to be exactly ! case2 ,i %all use my be/ endeavors to tax y\r pati5ce z little z possible ) t sort ( writ+4 ,y\r maxims h some?+ div]t+ ab\t !m1 :i* keeps up ! good humor ( p to ! la/4 ,at all ev5ts1 rememb] t x is y t oblige me to ent] ^u ?is eclaircissem5t1 & let u see :i* ( u comes (f be/ 9 def5d+ !mselves4 ,! fir/ ( y\r ,impo/ures1 z y call !m1 is on ! op9ion ( ,vasquez ^u alms-giv+4 ,to avoid all ambiguity1 !n1 all[ me to give a simple explanation ( ! matt] 9 dispute4 ,x is well kn[n1 fa!rs1 t accord+ to ! m9d ( ! ,*ur*1 !re are two precepts t\*+ alms--#a/1 8,to give out ( our sup]fluity 9 ! case ( ! ord9>y necessities ( ! poor20 & #b;dly1 8,to give ev5 out ( our necess>ies1 accord+ to our circum/ances1 9 cases ( extreme necessity40 ,?us says ,cajetan1 aft] ,/4 ,?omas2 s t1 to get at ! m9d ( ,vasquez on ?is subject1 we mu/ consid] ! rules he lays d[n1 bo? 9 reg>d to necess>ies & sup]fluities4 ,) reg>d to sup]fluity1 :i* is ! mo/ common s\rce ( relief to ! poor1 x is entirely set aside by t s+le maxim :i* ,i h quot$ 9 my ,lett]s3 8,t :at ! m5 ( ! _w keep ) ! view ( improv+ _! own condition & t ( _! relatives1 is n prop]ly sup]fluity2 s t1 su* a ?+ z sup]fluity is r>ely to be met ) among m5 ( ! _w1 n ev5 except+ k+s40 ,x is v easy to see1 fa!rs1 t accord+ to ?is def9ition1 none c h sup]fluity1 provid$ !y h ambition2 & ?us1 s f> z ! great] "p ( ! _w is conc]n$1 alms-giv+ is annihilat$4 ,b ev5 ?\gh a man %\ld happ5 to h sup]fluity1 he w\ld be "u no obligation1 accord+ to ,vasquez1 to give x away 9 ! case ( ord9>y necessity2 = he prote/s aga9/ ^? :o w\ld ?us b9d ! ri*4 ,"h are 8 own words3 8,corduba10 says he1 8tea*es1 t :5 we h a sup]fluity we are b\nd to give out ( x 9 cases ( ord9>y necessity2 b ?is does n please me--s$ hoc non placet--= we h demon/rat$ ! contr>y aga9/ ,cajetan & ,nav>re40 ,s1 fa!rs1 ! obligation to ?is k9d ( alms is :olly set aside1 accord+ to ! good pleasure ( ,vasquez4 ,) reg>d to necess>ies1 out ( :i* we are b\nd to give 9 cases ( extreme & urg5t necessity1 x mu/ be obvi\s1 f ! conditions by :i* he has limit$ ! obligation1 t ! ri*e/ man 9 all ,p>is may n come )9 its rea* once 9 a lifetime4 ,i %all only ref] to two ( ^!4 ,! fir/ is1 ,t 8we mu/ "k t ! poor man _c be reliev$ f any o!r qu>t]--hc intelligo et ct]a omnia1 qu&o ,,scio nullum alium opem laturum40 ,:at say y to ?is1 fa!rs8 ,is x likely to happ5 frequ5tly 9 ,p>is1 :]e !re are s _m *>itable p1 t ,i mu/ "k t !re is n ano!r s\l b myself to relieve ! poor wret* :o begs an alms f me8 ,& yet1 accord+ to ,vasquez1 if ,i h n asc]ta9$ t fact1 ,i may s5d him away ) no?+4 ,! second condition is1 ,t ! poor man be r$uc$ to su* /raits 8t he is m5ac$ ) "s fatal accid5t1 or ! ru9 ( 8 "*0--none ( !m v common occurr5ces4 ,b :at m>ks /ill m ! r>ity ( ! cases 9 :i* "o is b\nd to give *>ity1 is 8 rem>k1 9 ano!r passage1 t ! poor man mu/ be s ill (f1 8t he may consci5ti\sly rob ! ri* man60 ,?is mu/ surely be a v extraord9>y case1 unless he w insi/ t a man may be ord9>ily all[$ to commit robb]y4 ,& s1 aft] hav+ cancell$ ! obligation to give alms out ( our sup]fluities1 he obliges ! ri* to relieve ! poor only 9 ^? cases :5 he w\ld all[ ! poor to rifle ! ri*6 ,su* is ! doctr9e ( ,vasquez1 to :om y ref] y\r read]s = _! edification6 ,i n[ come to y\r pret5d$ ,impo/ures4 ,y beg9 by enl>g+ on ! obligation to alms-giv+ :i* ,vasquez imposes on ecclesia/ics4 ,b on ?is po9t ,i h said no?+2 & ,i am prep>$ to take x up :5ev] y *oose4 ,?is1 !n1 has no?+ to d ) ! pres5t "q4 ,z = laym51 :o are ! only p]sons ) :om we h n[ to d1 y are app>5tly anxi\s to h x und]/ood t1 9 ! passage :i* ,i quot$1 ,vasquez is giv+ n 8 own judgm5t1 b t ( ,cajetan4 ,b z no?+ c\ld be m false ?an ?is1 & z y h n said x 9 s _m t]ms1 ,i am will+ to believe1 = ! sake ( y\r "*1 t y did n int5d to say x4 ,y next l\dly compla9 t1 aft] quot+ t maxim ( ,vasquez1 8,su* a ?+ z sup]fluity is r>ely if ev] to be met ) among m5 ( ! _w1 n except+ k+s10 ,i h inf]r$ f x1 8t ! ri* are r>ely1 if ev]1 b\nd to give alms out ( _! sup]fluity40 ,b :at d y mean to say1 fa!rs8 ,if x be true t ! ri* h almo/ nev] sup]fluity1 is x n obvi\s t !y w almo/ nev] be b\nd to give alms out ( _! sup]fluity8 ,i might h put x into ! =m ( a syllogism = y1 if ,diana1 :o has su* an e/eem = ,vasquez t he calls him 8! phnix ( g5ius10 _h n drawn ! same conclusion f ! same premises2 =1 aft] quot+ ! maxim ( ,vasquez1 he concludes1 8t1 ) reg>d to ! "q1 :e!r ! ri* are oblig$ to give alms out ( _! sup]fluity1 ?\gh ! affirmation 7 true1 x w\ld seldom1 or almo/ nev]1 happ5 to be obligatory 9 practice40 ,i h foll[$ ?is language ^w = ^w4 ,:at1 !n1 are we to make ( ?is1 fa!rs8 ,:5 ,diana quotes ) approbation ! s5tim5ts ( ,vasquez--:5 he f9ds !m probable1 & 8v conv5i5t = ri* p10 z he says 9 ! same place1 he is no sl&]]1 no falsifi]1 & we he> no compla9ts ( misrepres5t+ 8 au?or2 :]eas1 :5 ,i cite ! same s5tim5ts ( ,vasquez1 ?\gh )\t hold+ him up z a phnix1 ,i am a sl&]]1 a fabricator1 a corrupt] ( 8 maxims4 ,truly1 fa!rs1 y h "s reason to be appreh5sive1 le/ y\r v diff]5t treatm5t ( ^? :o agree 9 _! repres5tation1 & diff] only 9 _! e/imate ( y\r doctr9e1 discov] ! real secret ( y\r he>ts1 & provoke ! conclusion1 t ! ma9 object y h 9 view is to ma9ta9 ! cr$it & glory ( y\r ,company4 ,x appe>s t1 provid$ y\r accommodat+ !ology is treat$ z judici\s complaisance1 y nev] disav[ ^? t publi% x1 b laud !m z contribut+ to y\r design2 b let x be held =? z p]nici\s laxity1 & ! same int]e/ ( y\r ,society prompts y to disclaim ! maxims :i* w\ld injure y 9 public e/imation4 ,& ?us y recognize or r5\nce !m1 n accord+ to ! tru?1 :i* nev] *anges1 b accord+ to ! %ift+ exig5cies ( ! times1 act+ on t motto ( "o ( ! anci5ts1 8,omnia pro tempore1 nihil pro v]itate--,any?+ = ! times1 no?+ = ! tru?40 ,bew>e ( ?is1 fa!rs2 & t y may nev] h x 9 y\r p[] aga9 to say t ,i drew f ! pr9ciple ( ,vasquez a conclusion :i* he _h disav[$1 ,i beg to in=m y t he has drawn x himself3 8,accord+ to ! op9ion ( ,cajetan1 & accord+ to ,,my ,,own--et secundum no/ram--7he says1 *ap1 i41 no4 #bg71 "o is h>dly oblig$ to give alms at all1 :5 "o is only oblig$ to give !m out ( "o's sup]fluity40 ,confess !n1 fa!rs1 on ! te/imony ( ,vasquez himself1 t ,i h exactly copi$ 8 s5tim5t2 & ?9k h[ y c\ld h ! consci5ce to say1 t 8! read]1 on consult+ ! orig9al1 w\ld see to 8 a/oni%m5t1 t he !re tea*es ! v rev]se60 ,9 f9e1 y insi/1 above all1 t if ,vasquez does n b9d ! ri* to give alms out ( _! sup]fluity1 he obliges !m to atone = ?is by giv+ out ( ! necess>ies ( life4 ,b y h =gott5 to m5tion ! li/ ( conditions :i* he decl>es to be ess5tial to con/itute t obligation1 :i* ,i h quot$1 & :i* re/rict x 9 su* a way z almo/ entirely to annihilate x4 ,9 place ( giv+ ?is hone/ /atem5t ( 8 doctr9e1 y tell u1 9 g5]al t]ms1 t he obliges ! ri* to give ev5 :at is necess>y to _! condition4 ,?is is prov+ too mu*1 fa!rs2 ! rule ( ! ,gospel does n g s f>2 & x w\ld be an error1 into :i* ,vasquez is v f>1 inde$1 f hav+ fall54 ,to cov] 8 laxity1 y attribute to him an excess ( sev]ity :i* w\ld be repreh5sible2 & ?us y lose all cr$it z fai?ful report]s ( 8 s5tim5ts4 ,b ! tru? is1 ,vasquez is q free f any su* suspicion2 = he has ma9ta9$1 z ,i h %[n1 t ! ri* are n b\nd1 ei!r 9 ju/ice or 9 *>ity1 to give ( _! sup]fluities1 & /ill less ( _! necess>ies1 to relieve ! ord9>y wants ( ! poor2 & t !y are n oblig$ to give ( ! necess>ies1 except 9 cases s r>e t !y almo/ nev] happ54 ,hav+ dispos$ ( y\r objections aga9/ me on ?is head1 x only rema9s to %[ ! falsehood ( y\r ass]tion1 t ,vasquez is m sev]e ?an ,cajetan4 ,?is w be v easily done4 ,t c>d9al tea*es 8t we are b\nd 9 ju/ice to give alms out ( our sup]fluity1 ev5 9 ! ord9>y wants ( ! poor2 because1 accord+ to ! holy fa!rs1 ! ri* are m]ely ! disp5s]s ( _! sup]fluity1 :i* !y are to give to :om !y please1 among ^? :o h ne$ ( x40 ,& accord+ly1 unlike ,diana1 :o says ( ! maxims ( ,vasquez1 t !y w be 8v conv5i5t & agreeable to ! ri* & _! confessors10 ! c>d9al1 :o has no su* consolation to af=d !m1 decl>es t he has no?+ to say to ! ri* b ^! words ( ,jesus ,*ri/3 8,x is easi] = a camel to g ?r\gh ! eye ( a ne$le1 ?an = a ri* man to ent] into heav520 & to _! confessors3 8,if ! bl9d lead ! bl9d1 bo? %all fall into ! dit*40#bdb ,s indisp5sable did he deem ?is obligation6 ,?is1 too1 is :at ! fa!rs & all ! sa9ts h laid d[n z a c]ta9 tru?4 8,!re are two cases10 says ,/4 ,?omas1 89 :i* we are b\nd to give alms z a matt] ( ju/ice--ex debito legali3 "o1 :5 ! poor are 9 dang]2 ! o!r1 :5 we possess sup]flu\s prop]ty40 ,& aga93 8,! ?ree t5?s :i* ! ,jews 7 b\nd to eat ) ! poor1 h be5 augm5t$ "u ! new law2 = ,jesus ,*ri/ wills t we give to ! poor1 n ! t5? only1 b ! :ole ( our sup]fluity40 ,& yet x does n seem good to ,vasquez t we %\ld be oblig$ to give ev5 a fragm5t ( our sup]fluity2 su* is 8 complaisance to ! ri*1 su* 8 h>dness to ! poor1 su* 8 contr>iety to ^? feel+s ( *>ity :i* tea* u to reli% ! tru? conta9$ 9 ! foll[+ words ( ,/4 ,gregory1 h>% z x may s\nd to ! ri* ( ?is _w3 8,:5 we give ! poor :at is necess>y to !m1 we are n s mu* be/[+ on !m :at is our prop]ty1 z r5d]+ to !m :at is _! own2 & x may be said to be an act ( ju/ice1 r ?an a "w ( m]cy40 ,x is ?us t ! sa9ts recomm5d ! ri* to %>e ) ! poor ! good ?+s ( ?is e>?1 if !y w\ld expect to possess ) !m ! good ?+s ( heav54 ,:ile y make x y\r bus9ess to fo/] 9 ! brea/s ( m5 t ambition :i* leaves no sup]fluity to dispose (1 & t av>ice :i* refuses to "p ) x1 ! sa9ts h labor$ to induce ! ri* to give up _! sup]fluity1 & to conv9ce !m t !y w\ld h abundance ( x1 provid$ !y measur$ x1 n by ! /&>d ( covet\sness1 :i* kn[s no b\nds to its crav+s1 b by t ( piety1 :i* is +5i\s 9 retr5*m5ts1 s z to h :]e) to diffuse itself 9 ! ex]cise ( *>ity4 8,we w h a great deal ( sup]fluity10 says ,/4 ,augu/9e1 8if we keep only :at is necess>y3 b if we seek aft] vanities1 we w nev] h en\gh4 ,seek1 bre?r51 :at is suffici5t = ! "w ( ,god0--t is1 = nature--8& n = :at is suffici5t = y\r covet\sness10 :i* is ! "w ( ! devil3 8& rememb] t ! sup]fluities ( ! ri* are ! necess>ies ( ! poor40 ,i w\ld fondly tru/1 fa!rs1 t :at ,i h n[ said to y may s]ve1 n only = my v9dication--t 7 a small matt]--b also to make y feel & dete/ :at is corrupt 9 ! maxims ( y\r casui/s1 & ?us unite u s9c]ely "u ! sacr$ rules ( ! ,gospel1 accord+ to :i* we mu/ all be judg$4 ,z to ! second po9t1 :i* reg>ds simony1 be=e proce$+ to answ] ! *>ges y h advanc$ aga9/ me1 ,i %all beg9 by illu/rat+ y\r doctr9e on ?is subject4 ,f9d+ y\rselves plac$ 9 an awkw>d dilemma1 betwe5 ! canons ( ! ,*ur*1 :i* impose dreadful p5alties ^u simoniacs1 on ! "o h&1 & ! av>ice ( _m :o pursue ?is infam\s traffic on ! o!r1 y h rec\rse to y\r ord9>y me?od1 :i* is to yield to m5 :at !y desire1 & give ! ,almighty only words & %[s4 ,= :at else does ! simoniac want1 b money1 9 return = 8 b5efice8 ,& yet ?is is :at y exempt f ! *>ge ( simony4 ,& z ! "n ( simony mu/ /ill rema9 /&+1 & a subject to :i* x may be ascrib$1 y h sub/itut$1 9 ! place ( ?is1 an imag9>y idea1 :i* nev] yet cross$ ! bra9 ( a simoniac1 & w\ld n s]ve him mu* ?\gh x did--! idea1 namely1 t simony lies 9 e/imat+ ! money consid]$ 9 itself z highly z ! spiritual gift or (fice consid]$ 9 itself4 ,:o w\ld ev] take x into 8 head to comp>e ?+s s utt]ly disproportionate & het]og5e\s8 ,& yet1 provid$ ?is metaphysical comp>ison be n drawn1 any "o may1 accord+ to y\r au?ors1 give away a b5efice1 & receive money 9 return = x1 )\t be+ guilty ( simony4 ,su* is ! way 9 :i* y sport ) religion1 9 ord] to gratify ! wor/ passions ( m52 & yet only see ) :at gravity y\r ,fa!r ,val5tia deliv]s 8 rhapsodies 9 ! passage cit$ 9 my lett]s4 ,he says3 8,"o may give a spiritual = a temporal good 9 two ways--fir/1 9 ! way ( priz+ ! temporal m ?an ! spiritual1 & t w\ld be simony2 secondly1 9 ! way ( tak+ ! temporal z ! motive & end induc+ "o to give away ! spiritual1 b )\t priz+ ! temporal m ?an ! spiritual1 & !n x is n simony4 ,& ! reason is1 t simony consi/s 9 receiv+ some?+ temporal1 z ! j price ( :at is spiritual4 ,if1 !re=e1 ! temporal is s\ght--si petatur temporale--n z ! price1 b only z ! motive det]m9+ u to "p ) ! spiritual1 x is by no means simony1 ev5 al?\gh ! possession ( ! temporal may be pr9cipally int5d$ & expect$--m9ime erit simonia1 etiamsi temporale pr9cipalit] int5datur et expectetur40 ,y\r r$\btable ,san*ez has be5 favor$ ) a simil> revelation2 ,escob> quotes him ?us3 8,if "o give a spiritual = a temporal good1 n z ! price1 b z a motive to induce ! collator to give x1 or z an ackn[l$gm5t if ! b5efice has be5 actually receiv$1 is t simony8 ,san*ez assures u t x is n40 ,9 y\r ,ca5 ,!ses ( #afdd1 y say3 8,x is a probable op9ion1 taught by _m ,ca?olics1 t x is n simony to ex*ange a temporal = a spiritual good1 :5 ! =m] is n giv5 z a price40 ,& z to ,tann]1 "h is 8 doctr9e1 exactly ! same ) t ( ,val5tia2 & ,i quote x aga9 to %[ y h[ f> wrong x is 9 y to compla9 ( me = say+ t x does n agree ) t ( ,/4 ,?omas1 = he av[s x himself 9 ! v passage :i* ,i quot$ 9 my lett]3 8,!re is prop]ly & truly no simony10 says he1 8unless :5 a temporal good is tak5 z ! price ( a spiritual2 b :5 tak5 m]ely z ! motive = giv+ ! spiritual1 or z an ackn[l$gm5t = hav+ receiv$ x1 ?is is n simony1 at lea/ 9 po9t ( consci5ce40 ,& aga93 8,! same ?+ may be said al?\gh ! temporal %\ld be reg>d$ z ! pr9cipal end1 & ev5 pref]r$ to ! spiritual2 al?\gh ,/4 ,?omas & o!rs appe> to hold ! rev]se1 inasmu* z !y ma9ta9 x to be d[nright simony to ex*ange a spiritual = a temporal good1 :5 ! temporal is ! end ( ! transaction40 ,su*1 !n1 be+ y\r doctr9e on simony1 z taught by y\r be/ au?ors1 :o foll[ ea* o!r v closely 9 ?is po9t1 x only rema9s n[ to reply to y\r *>ges ( misrepres5tation4 ,y h tak5 no notice ( ,val5tia's op9ion1 s t 8 doctr9e /&s z x 0 be=e4 ,b y fix on t ( ,tann]1 ma9ta9+ t he has m]ely decid$ x to be no simony by div9e "r2 & y w\ld h x to be believ$ t1 9 quot+ ! passage1 ,i h suppress$ ^! words1 div9e "r4 ,?is1 fa!rs1 is a mo/ unconscionable trick2 = ^! words1 div9e "r1 nev] exi/$ 9 t passage4 ,y add t ,tann] decl>es x to be simony accord+ to positive "r4 ,b y are mi/ak52 he does n say t g5]ally1 b only ( p>ticul> cases1 or1 z he expresses x1 9 casibus a jure expressis1 by :i* he makes an exception to ! g5]al rule he _h laid d[n 9 t passage1 8t x is n simony 9 po9t ( consci5ce10 :i* mu/ imply t x is n s 9 po9t ( positive "r1 unless y w\ld h ,tann] made s impi\s z to ma9ta9 t simony1 9 po9t ( positive "r1 is n simony 9 po9t ( consci5ce4 ,b x is easy to see y\r drift 9 mu/]+ up su* t]ms z 8div9e "r1 positive "r1 natural "r1 int]nal & ext]nal tribunal1 express$ cases1 outw>d presumption10 & o!rs equally little kn[n2 y mean to escape "u ?is obscurity ( language1 & make u lose sight ( y\r ab]rations4 ,b1 fa!rs1 y %all n escape by ^! va9 artifices2 = ,i %all put "s que/ions to y s simple1 t !y w n admit ( com+ "u y\r di/+uo4#bdc ,i ask y1 !n1 )\t speak+ ( 8positive rights10 ( 8outw>d presumptions10 or 8ext]nal tribunals0--,i ask if1 accord+ to y\r au?ors1 a b5efici>y w\ld be simoniacal1 7 he to give a b5efice wor? f\r ?\s& livres ( ye>ly r5t1 & to receive t5 ?\s& francs ready money1 n z ! price ( ! b5efice1 b m]ely z a motive induc+ him to give x8 ,answ] me pla9ly1 fa!rs3 ,:at mu/ we make ( su* a case z ?is accord+ to y\r au?ors8 ,w n ,tann] tell u decid$ly t 8?is is n simony 9 po9t ( consci5ce1 see+ t ! temporal good is n ! price ( ! b5efice1 b only ! motive induc+ to dispose ( x80 ,w n ,val5tia1 w n y\r own ,!ses ( ,ca51 w n ,san*ez & ,escob> agree 9 ! same decision1 & give ! same reason = x8 ,is any?+ m necess>y to exculpate t b5efici>y f simony8 ,&1 :atev] might be y\r private op9ion ( ! case1 dur/ y deal ) t man z a simoni/ 9 y\r confessionals1 :5 he w\ld be entitl$ to /op y\r m\? by tell+ y t he act$ accord+ to ! advice ( s _m grave doctors8 ,confess c&idly1 !n1 t1 accord+ to y\r views1 t man w\ld be no simoni/2 &1 hav+ done s1 def5d ! doctr9e z y be/ c4 ,su*1 fa!rs1 is ! true mode ( treat+ que/ions1 9 ord] to unravel1 in/ead ( p]plex+ !m1 ei!r by s*ola/ic t]ms1 or1 z y h done 9 y\r la/ *>ge aga9/ me "h1 by alt]+ ! /ate ( ! "q4 ,tann]1 y say1 has1 at any rate1 decl>$ t su* an ex*ange is a great s92 & y blame me = hav+ malici\sly suppress$ ?is circum/ance1 :i*1 y ma9ta91 8completely ju/ifies him40 ,b y are wrong aga91 & t 9 m ways ?an "o4 ,=1 fir/1 ?\gh :at y say _h be5 true1 x w\ld be no?+ to ! po9t1 ! "q 9 ! passage to :i* ,i ref]r$ be+1 n if x 0 s91 b if x 0 simony4 ,n[1 ^! are two v diff]5t que/ions4 ,s91 accord+ to y\r maxims1 obliges only to confession--simony obliges to re/itution2 & !re are p to :om ^! may appe> two v diff]5t ?+s4 ,y h f\nd exp$i5ts = mak+ confession a v easy affair2 b y h n fall5 ^u ways & means to make re/itution an agreeable "o4 ,all[ me to add1 t ! case :i* ,tann] *>ges ) s91 is n simply t 9 :i* a spiritual good is ex*ang$ = a temporal1 ! latt] be+ ! pr9cipal end 9 view1 b t 9 :i* ! p>ty 8prizes ! temporal above ! spiritual10 :i* is ! imag9>y case already spok5 (4 ,& x mu/ be all[$ he c\ld n g f> wrong 9 *>g+ su* a case z t ) s91 s9ce t man mu/ be ei!r v wick$ or v /upid :o1 :5 p]mitt$ to ex*ange ! "o ?+ = ! o!r1 w\ld n avoid ! s9 ( ! transaction by su* a simple process z t ( ab/a9+ f comp>+ ! two ?+s toge!r4 ,besides1 ,val5tia1 9 ! place quot$1 :5 treat+ ! "q1 if x be s9ful to give a spiritual good = a temporal1 ! latt] be+ ! ma9 consid]ation1 & aft] produc+ ! reasons giv5 = ! affirmative1 adds1 8,s$ hoc non videtur mihi satis c]tum--,b ?is does n appe> to my m9d suffici5tly c]ta940 ,s9ce t "t1 h[ev]1 y\r fa!r1 ,erade ,bille1 pr(essor ( cases ( consci5ce at ,ca51 has decid$ t !re is no s9 at all 9 ! case suppos$2 = probable op9ions1 y "k1 are always 9 ! way ( advanc+ to maturity4#bdd ,?is op9ion he ma9ta9s 9 8 writ+s ( #afdd1 aga9/ :i* ,m4 ,dupre1 doctor & pr(essor at ,ca51 deliv]$ t excell5t oration1 s9ce pr9t$ & well kn[n4 ,= ?\gh ?is ,erade ,bille confesses t ,val5tia's doctr9e1 adopt$ by ,fa!r ,milh>d1 & condemn$ by ! ,sorbonne1 8is contr>y to ! common op9ion1 suspect$ ( simony1 & puni%able at law :5 discov]$ 9 practice10 he does n scruple to say t x is a probable op9ion1 & consequ5tly sure 9 po9t ( consci5ce1 & t !re is nei!r simony nor s9 9 x4 8,x is a probable op9ion10 he says1 8taught by _m ,ca?olic doctors1 t !re is nei!r any simony nor any s9 9 giv+ money1 or any o!r temporal ?+1 = a b5efice1 ei!r 9 ! way ( ackn[l$gm5t1 or z a motive1 )\t :i* x w\ld n be giv51 provid$ x is n giv5 z a price equal to ! b5efice40 ,?is is all t c\ld possibly be desir$4 ,9 fact1 accord+ to ^! maxims ( y\rs1 simony w\ld be s exce$+ly r>e2 t we might exempt f ?is s9 ev5 ,simon ,magus himself1 :o desir$ to pur*ase ! ,holy ,_s1 & is ! emblem ( ^? simoni/s t buy spiritual ?+s2 & ,gehazi1 :o took money = a miracle1 & may be reg>d$ z ! prototype ( ! simoni/s t sell !m4 ,!re c be no d\bt t :5 ,simon1 z we read 9 ! ,acts1 8(f]$ ! apo/les money1 say+1 ,give me also ?is p[]20 he said no?+ ab\t buy+ or sell+1 or fix+ ! price2 he did no m ?an (f] ! money z a motive to induce !m to give him t spiritual gift2 :i* be+1 accord+ to y1 no simony at all1 he might1 _h he b be5 in/ruct$ 9 y\r maxims1 h escap$ ! ana!ma ( ,/4 ,pet]4 ,! same unhappy ignorance 0 a great loss to ,gehazi1 :5 he 0 /ruck ) leprosy by ,eli%a2 =1 z he accept$ ! money f ! pr9ce :o _h be5 miracul\sly cur$1 simply z an ackn[l$gm5t1 & n z a price equival5t to ! div9e virtue :i* _h effect$ ! miracle1 he might h insi/$ on ! prophet heal+ him aga9 on pa9 ( mortal s92 see+1 on ?is supposition1 he w\ld h act$ accord+ to ! advice ( y\r grave doctors1 :o1 9 su* cases1 oblige confessors to absolve _! p5it5ts1 & to wa% !m f t spiritual leprosy ( :i* ! bodily disease is ! type4 ,s]i\sly1 fa!rs1 x w\ld be extremely easy to hold y up to ridicule 9 ?is matt]1 & ,i am at a loss to "k :y y expose y\rselves to su* treatm5t4 ,to produce ?is effect1 ,i h no?+ m to d ?an simply to quote ,escob>1 9 8 8,practice ( ,simony accord+ to ! ,society ( ,jesus20 8,is x simony :5 two ,*ur*m5 become mutually pl$g$ ?us3 ,give me y\r vote = my election z prov9cial1 & ,i %all give y m9e = y\r election z prior8 ,by no means40 ,or take ano!r3 8,x is n simony to get possession ( a b5efice by promis+ a sum ( money1 :5 "o has no int5tion ( actually pay+ ! money2 = ?is is m]ely mak+ a %[ ( simony1 & is z f> f be+ real simony z c\nt]feit gold is f ! g5u9e40 ,by ?is quirk ( consci5ce1 he has contriv$ means1 9 ! way ( add+ sw9dl+ to simony1 = obta9+ b5efices )\t simony & )\t money4 ,b ,i h no "t to dwell long] on ! subject1 = ,i mu/ say a ^w or two 9 reply to y\r ?ird accusation1 :i* ref]s to ! subject ( bankrupts4 ,no?+ c be m gross ?an ! mann] 9 :i* y h manag$ ?is *>ge4 ,y rail at me z a libell] 9 ref]5ce to a s5tim5t ( ,lessius1 :i* ,i did n quote myself1 b took f a passage 9 ,escob>2 & !re=e1 ?\gh x 7 true t ,lessius does n hold ! op9ion ascrib$ to him by ,escob>1 :at c be m unfair ?an to *>ge me ) ! misrepres5tation8 ,:5 ,i quote ,lessius or o!rs ( y\r au?ors myself1 ,i am q prep>$ to answ] = x2 b z ,escob> has collect$ ! op9ions ( tw5ty-f\r ( y\r writ]s1 ,i beg to ask1 if ,i am b\nd to gu>antee any?+ beyond ! correctness ( my citations f 8 book8 or if ,i mu/1 9 addition1 answ] = ! fidelity ( all 8 quotations ( :i* ,i may avail myself8 ,?is w\ld be h>dly reasonable2 & yet ?is is precisely ! case 9 ! "q be=e u4 ,i produc$ 9 my lett] ! foll[+ passage f ,escob>1 & y d n object to ! fidelity ( my translation3 8,may ! bankrupt1 ) a good consci5ce1 reta9 z mu* ( 8 prop]ty z is necess>y to af=d him an honorable ma9t5ance--ne indecore vivat8 ,i answ]1 ) ,lessius1 t he may--cum ,lessio ass]o posse40 ,y tell me t ,lessius does n hold t op9ion4 ,b j consid] = a mom5t ! pr$icam5t 9 :i* y involve y\rselves4 ,if x turns out t he does hold t op9ion1 y w be set d[n z impo/ors = hav+ ass]t$ ! contr>y2 & if x is prov$ t he does n hold x1 ,escob> w be ! impo/or2 s x mu/ n[ ( necessity foll[1 t "o or o!r ( ! ,society w be convict$ ( impo/ure4 ,only ?9k :at a sc&al6 ,y _c1 x w\ld appe>1 =esee ! consequ5ces ( ?+s4 ,y seem to imag9e t y h no?+ m to d ?an to ca/ asp]sions ^u p1 )\t consid]+ on :om !y may recoil4 ,:y did y n acqua9t ,escob> ) y\r objection be=e v5tur+ to publi% x8 ,he might h giv5 y satisfaction4 ,x is n s v tr\blesome to get ^w f ,valladolid1 :]e he is liv+ 9 p]fect heal?1 & complet+ 8 gr& "w on ,moral ,!ology1 9 six volumes1 on ! fir/ ( :i* ,i mean to say a few words by-&-by4 ,!y h s5t him ! fir/ t5 lett]s2 y might z easily h s5t him y\r objection1 & ,i am sure he w\ld h soon return$ y an answ]1 = he has d\btless se5 9 ,lessius ! passage f :i* he took ! ne indecore vivat4 ,read him y\rselves1 fa!rs1 & y w f9d x ^w = ^w1 z ,i h done4 ,"h x is3 8,! same ?+ is app>5t f ! au?orities cit$1 p>ticul>ly 9 reg>d to t prop]ty :i* he acquires aft] 8 failure1 out ( :i* ev5 ! del9qu5t debtor may reta9 z mu* z is necess>y = 8 honorable ma9t5ance1 accord+ to 8 /ation ( life--ut non indecore vivat4 ,d y ask if ?is rule applies to goods :i* he possess$ at ! "t ( 8 failure8 ,su* seems to be ! judgm5t ( ! doctors40 ,i %all n /op "h to %[ h[ ,lessius1 to sanction 8 maxim1 p]v]ts ! law t all[s bankrupts no?+ m ?an a m]e livelihood1 & t makes no provision = 8honorable ma9t5ance40 ,x is en\gh to h v9dicat$ ,escob> f su* an accusation--x is m1 inde$1 ?an :at ,i 0 9 duty b\nd to d4 ,b y1 fa!rs1 h n done y\r duty4 ,x /ill rema9s = y to answ] ! passage ( ,escob>1 ^: decisions1 by ! way1 h ?is advantage1 t be+ entirely indep5d5t ( ! context1 & cond5s$ 9 little articles1 !y are n liable to y\r di/9ctions4 ,i quot$ ! :ole ( ! passage1 9 :i* 8bankrupts are p]mitt$ to keep _! goods1 ?\gh unju/ly acquir$1 to provide an honorable ma9t5ance = _! families0--comm5t+ on :i* 9 my lett]s1 ,i exclaim3 8,inde$1 fa!r6 by :at /range k9d ( *>ity w\ld y h ! ill-gott5 prop]ty ( a bankrupt appropriat$ to 8 own use1 in/ead ( t ( 8 lawful cr$itors80#bde ,?is is ! "q :i* mu/ be answ]$2 b x is "o t involves y 9 a sad dilemma1 & f :i* y 9 va9 seek to escape by alt]+ ! /ate ( ! "q1 & quot+ o!r passages f ,lessius1 :i* h no connection ) ! subject4 ,i ask y1 !n1 ,may ?is maxim ( ,escob> be foll[$ by bankrupts ) a safe consci5ce1 or no8 ,& take c>e :at y say4 ,if y answ]1 ,no1 :at becomes ( y\r doctor1 & y\r doctr9e ( probability8 ,if y say1 ,yes--,i delate y to ! ,p>liam5t4#bdf ,9 ?is pr$icam5t ,i mu/ n[ leave y1 fa!rs2 = my limits w n p]mit me to ov]take y\r next accusation1 :i* respects homicide4 ,?is w s]ve = my next lett]1 & ! re/ w foll[4 ,9 ! mean :ile1 ,i %all make no rem>ks on ! adv]tisem5ts :i* y h tagg$ to ! end ( ea* ( y\r *>ges1 fill$ z !y are ) sc&al\s falsehoods4 ,i mean to answ] all ^! 9 a sep>ate lett]1 9 :i* ,i hope to %[ ! weight due to y\r calumnies4 ,i am sorry fa!rs1 t y %\ld h rec\rse to su* desp]ate res\rces4 ,! abusive t]ms :i* y heap on me w n cle> up our disputes1 nor w y\r manifold ?reats h9d] me f def5d+ myself4 ,y ?9k y h p[] & impunity on y\r side2 & ,i ?9k t ,i h tru? & innoc5ce on m9e4 ,x is a /range & t$i\s w>1 :5 viol5ce attempts to vanqui% tru?4 ,all ! ef=ts ( viol5ce _c weak5 tru?1 & only s]ve to give x fre% vigor4 ,all ! lights ( tru? _c arre/ viol5ce1 & only s]ve to exasp]ate x4 ,:5 =ce meets =ce1 ! weak] mu/ succumb to ! /rong]2 :5 argum5t is oppos$ to argum5t1 ! solid & ! conv9c+ triumphs ov] ! empty & ! false2 b viol5ce & v]ity c make no impression on ea* o!r4 ,let none suppose1 h[ev]1 t ! two are1 !re=e1 equal to ea* o!r2 = !re is ?is va/ diff]5ce betwe5 !m1 t viol5ce has only a c]ta9 c\rse to run1 limit$ by ! appo9tm5t ( ,heav51 :i* ov]rules its effects to ! glory ( ! tru? :i* x assails2 :]eas v]ity endures =ev]1 & ev5tually triumphs ov] its enemies1 be+ et]nal & almighty z ,god himself4#bdg ----- ,footnote #bda3 ,pi]re du ,m\l9 is t]m$ by ,bayle 8"o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ m9i/]s :i* ! ,re=m$ ,*ur* 9 ,france ev] _h to boa/ (40 ,he 0 born 9 #aefh1 & 0 = "s "t settl$ 9 ,p>is2 b hav+ incurr$ ! res5tm5t ( ,l\is ,,xiii41 he retir$ to ,s$an 9 #afbc1 :]e he became a pr(essor 9 ! ,prote/ant ,univ]sity1 & di$1 9 ! n9etie? ye> ( 8 age1 9 #afeh1 two ye>s aft] ! "t :5 ,pascal wrote4 ,( 8 num]\s writ+s1 few are kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry1 except+ 8 8,buckl] ( ! ,fai?10 & 8 8,anatomy ( ! ,mass10 :i* 7 translat$ into ,engli%4 7,quick's ,synodicon1 ii41 #aje47 ,footnote #bdb3 ,de ,eleemosyna1 c4 #f4 ,footnote #bdc3 ,see be=e1 page #gc4 ,footnote #bdd3 ,see be=e1 page #adj4 ,footnote #bde3 ,see be=e1 p4 #agg4 ,footnote #bdf3 8,! ,p>liam5t ( ,p>is 0 orig9ally ! c\rt ( ! k+s ( ,france1 to :i* !y committ$ ! supreme adm9i/ration ( ju/ice40 7,rob]tson's ,*>les ,v41 vol4 i4 #aga47 ,footnote #bdg3 ,9 mo/ ( ! ,fr5* editions1 ano!r lett] is ins]t$ aft] ?is1 be+ a refutation ( a reply :i* appe>$ at ! "t to ,lett] xii4 ,b z ?is lett]1 ?\gh well writt51 0 n writt5 by ,pascal1 & z x does n conta9 any?+ t w\ld n[ be int]e/+ to ! read]1 we omit x4 ,suffice x to say1 t ! reply ( ! ,jesuits consi/$1 z usual1 ( ! mo/ b>efac$ attempts to fix ! *>ge ( misrepres5tation on _! oppon5t1 accus+ him ( omitt+ to quote passages f 8 au?ors :i* !y nev] wrote1 ( n answ]+ objections :i* 7 nev] br\ght aga9/ him1 ( n adv]t+ to cases :i* nei!r he nor 8 au?ors dreamt (--9 %ort1 l all ,jesuitical answ]s1 x is any?+ & ev]y?+ b a refutation ( ! *>ges :i* h be5 sub/antiat$ aga9/ !m4 ,,lett] ,,xiii4 ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs ,,( ,,! ,,society ,,( ,,jesus4 ,,! ,,doctr9e ,,( ,,lessius ,,on ,,homicide ,,! ,,same ,,) ,,t ,,( ,,val5tia--,,h[ ,,easy ,,x ,,is ,,to ,,pass ,,f ,,speculation ,,to ,,practice--,,:y ,,! ,,jesuits ,,h ,,rec\rse ,,to ,,?is ,,di/9ction1 ,,& ,,h[ ,,little ,,x ,,s]ves ,,= ,,_! ,,v9dication4 ,septemb] #cj1 #afef4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1--,i h j se5 y\r la/ production1 9 :i* y h cont9u$ y\r li/ ( ,impo/ures up to ! tw5tie?1 & intimate t y mean to conclude ) ?is ! fir/ "p ( y\r accusations aga9/ me1 & to proce$ to ! second1 9 :i* y are to adopt a new mode ( def5ce1 by %[+ t !re are o!r casui/s besides ^? ( y\r ,society :o are z lax z y\rselves4 ,i n[ see ! precise numb] ( *>ges to :i* ,i h to reply2 & z ! f\r?1 to :i* we h n[ come1 relates to homicide1 x may be prop]1 9 answ]+ x1 to include ! #aa?1 #ac?1 #ad?1 #ae?1 #af?1 #ag?1 & #ah?1 :i* ref] to ! same subject4 ,9 ! pres5t lett]1 !re=e1 my object %all be to v9dicate ! correctness ( my quotations f ! *>ges ( falsity :i* y br+ aga9/ me4 ,b z y h v5tur$1 9 y\r pamphlets1 to ass]t t 8! s5tim5ts ( y\r au?ors on murd] are agreeable to ! decisions ( popes & ecclesia/ical laws10 y w compel me1 9 my next lett]1 to confute a /atem5t at once s unf\nd$ & s injuri\s to ! ,*ur*4 ,x is ( "s importance to %[ t %e is innoc5t ( y\r corruptions1 9 ord] t h]etics may be prev5t$ f tak+ advantage ( y\r ab]rations1 to draw conclusions t5d+ to h] di%onor4#bdh ,& ?us1 view+ on ! "o h& y\r p]nici\s maxims1 & on ! o!r ! canons ( ! ,*ur* :i* h uni=mly condemn$ !m1 p w see1 at "o glance1 :at !y %\ld %un & :at !y %\ld foll[4 ,y\r f\r? *>ge turns on a maxim relat+ to murd]1 :i* y say ,i h falsely ascrib$ to ,lessius4 ,x is z foll[s3 8,t if a man has receiv$ a buffet1 he may imm$iately pursue 8 enemy1 & ev5 return ! bl[ ) ! sword1 n to av5ge himself1 b to retrieve 8 honor40 ,?is1 y say1 is ! op9ion ( ! casui/ ,victoria4 ,b ?is is no?+ to ! po9t4 ,!re is no inconsi/5cy 9 say+1 t x is at once ! op9ion ( ,victoria & ( ,lessius2 = ,lessius himself says t x is also held by ,nav>re & ,h5riquez1 :o tea* id5tically ! same doctr9e4 ,! only "q1 !n1 is1 if ,lessius holds ?is view z well z 8 bro!r casui/s4 ,y ma9ta9 8t ,lessius quotes ?is op9ion solely = ! purpose ( refut+ x1 & t ,i !re=e attribute to him a s5tim5t :i* he produces only to ov]?r[--! base/ & mo/ disgraceful act ( :i* a writ] c be guilty40 ,n[ ,i ma9ta91 fa!rs1 t he quotes ! op9ion solely = ! purpose ( support+ x4 ,"h is a "q ( fact1 :i* x w be v easy to settle4 ,let u see1 !n1 h[ y prove y\r allegation1 & y w see aft]w>ds h[ ,i prove m9e4 ,to %[ t ,lessius is n ( t op9ion1 y tell u t he condemns ! practice ( x2 & 9 pro( ( ?is1 y quote "o passage ( 8 7l4 #b1 c4 #i1 n4 #ib71 9 :i* he says1 9 s _m words1 8,i condemn ! practice ( x40 ,i grant t1 on look+ = ^! words1 at numb] #ib1 to :i* y ref]1 !y w be f\nd !re4 ,b :at w p say1 fa!rs1 :5 !y discov]1 at ! same "t1 t he is treat+ 9 t place ( a "q totally diff]5t f t ( :i* we are speak+1 & t ! op9ion ( :i* he !re says t he condemns ! practice1 has no connection ) t n[ 9 dispute1 b is q di/9ct8 ,& yet to be conv9c$ t ?is is ! fact1 we h only to op5 ! book to :i* y ref]1 & !re we f9d ! :ole subject 9 its connection z foll[s3 ,at numb] #gi he treats ! "q1 8,if x is lawful to kill = a buffet80 & at numb] #hj he f9i%es ?is matt] )\t a s+le ^w ( condemnation4 ,hav+ dispos$ ( ?is "q1 he op5s a new "o at art4 #ha1 namely1 8,if x is lawful to kill = sl&]s80 & x is :5 speak+ ( ?is "q t he employs ! words y h quot$--8,i condemn ! practice ( x40 ,is x n %ameful1 fa!rs1 t y %\ld v5ture to produce ^! words to make x be believ$ t ,lessius condemns ! op9ion t x is lawful to kill = a buffet8 & t1 on ! gr\nd ( ?is s+le pro(1 y %\ld *uckle ov] x1 z y h done1 by say+3 8,_m p]sons ( honor 9 ,p>is h already discov]$ ?is notori\s falsehood by consult+ ,lessius1 & h ?us asc]ta9$ ! degree ( cr$it due to t sl&]]80 ,inde$6 & is x ?us t y abuse ! confid5ce :i* ^? p]sons ( honor repose 9 y8 ,to %[ !m t ,lessius does n hold a c]ta9 op9ion1 y op5 ! book to !m at a place :]e he is condemn+ ano!r op9ion2 & ^! p]sons n hav+ begun to mi/ru/ y\r good fai?1 & nev] ?9k+ ( exam9+ :e!r ! au?or speaks 9 t place ( ! subject 9 dispute1 y impose on _! cr$ulity4 ,i make no d\bt1 fa!rs1 t to %elt] y\rselves f ! guilt ( su* a sc&al\s lie1 y _h rec\rse to y\r doctr9e ( equivocations2 & t1 hav+ read ! passage 9 a l\d voice1 y w\ld say1 9 a l[] key1 t ! au?or 0 speak+ !re ( some?+ else4 ,b ,i am n s sure :e!r ?is sav+ clause1 :i* is q en\gh to satisfy y\r consci5ces1 w be a v satisfactory answ] to ! j compla9t ( ^? 8honorable p]sons10 :5 !y %all discov] t y h hoodw9k$ !m 9 ?is /yle4 ,take c>e1 !n1 fa!rs1 to prev5t !m by all means f see+ my lett]s2 = ?is is ! only me?od n[ left y to pres]ve y\r cr$it = a %ort "t long]4 ,?is is n ! way 9 :i* ,i deal ) y\r writ+s3 ,i s5d !m to all my fri5ds3 ,i wi% ev]ybody to see !m4 ,& ,i v]ily believe t bo? ( u are 9 ! "r = our own int]e/s2 = aft] hav+ publi%$ ) su* p>ade ?is f\r? ,impo/ure1 7 x once discov]$ t y h made x up by foi/+ 9 "o passage = ano!r1 y w\ld be in/antly d5\nc$4 ,x w be easily se51 t if y c\ld h f\nd :at y want$ 9 ! passage :]e ,lessius treat$ ( ?is matt]1 y w\ld n h se>*$ = x else:]e1 & t y _h rec\rse to su* a trick only because y c\ld f9d no?+ 9 t passage favorable to y\r purpose4 ,y w\ld h u believe t we may f9d 9 ,lessius :at y ass]t1 8t he does n all[ t ?is op9ion 7t a man may be lawfully kill$ = a buffet7 is probable 9 !ory20 :]eas ,lessius di/9ctly decl>es1 at numb] #hj3 8,?is op9ion1 t a man may kill = a buffet1 is probable 9 !ory40 ,is n ?is1 ^w = ^w1 ! rev]se ( y\r ass]tion8 ,& c we suffici5tly admire ! h>dihood ) :i* y h advanc$1 9 set phrase1 ! v rev]se ( a matt] ( fact6 ,to y\r conclusion1 f a fabricat$ passage1 t ,lessius 0 n ( t op9ion1 we h only to place ,lessius himself1 :o1 9 ! g5u9e passage1 decl>es t he is ( t op9ion4 ,aga91 y w\ld h ,lessius to say 8t he condemns ! practice ( x20 &1 z ,i h j obs]v$1 !re is n 9 ! orig9al a s+le ^w ( condemnation2 all t he says is3 8,x appe>s t x ought n to be ,,easily p]mitt$ 9 practice--,9 praxi non videtur ,,facile p]mitt5da40 ,is t1 fa!rs1 ! language ( a man :o condemns a maxim8 ,w\ld y say t adult]y & ince/ ought n to be easily p]mitt$ 9 practice8 ,mu/ we n1 on ! contr>y1 conclude1 t z ,lessius says no m ?an t ! practice ought n to be easily p]mitt$1 8 op9ion is1 t x may be p]mitt$ sometimes1 ?\gh r>ely8 ,&1 z if he _h be5 anxi\s to apprize ev]ybody :5 x might be p]mitt$1 & to relieve ^? :o h receiv$ affronts f be+ tr\bl$ ) unreasonable scruples1 f n kn[+ on :at occasions !y might lawfully kill 9 practice1 he has be5 at pa9s to in=m !m :at !y ought to avoid 9 ord] to practise ! doctr9e ) a safe consci5ce4 ,m>k 8 words3 8,x seems10 says he1 8t x ought n to be easily p]mitt$1 because ( ! dang] t p]sons may act 9 ?is matt] out ( hatr$ or rev5ge1 or ) excess1 or t ?is may occasion too _m murd]s40 ,f ?is x appe>s t murd] is freely p]mitt$ by ,lessius1 if "o avoids ! inconv5i5ces ref]r$ to--9 o!r words1 if "o c act )\t hatr$ or rev5ge1 & 9 circum/ances t may n op5 ! door to a great _m murd]s4 ,to illu/rate ! matt]1 ,i may give y an example ( rec5t occurr5ce--! case ( ! buffet ( ,compigne4#bdi ,y w grant t ! p]son :o receiv$ ! bl[ on t occasion has %[n by ! way 9 :i* he has act$1 t he 0 suffici5tly ma/] ( ! passions ( hatr$ & rev5ge4 ,x only rema9$ = him1 !re=e1 to see t he did n give occasion to too _m murd]s2 & y ne$ h>dly be told1 fa!rs1 x is su* a r>e spectacle to f9d ,jesuits be/[+ buffets on ! (fic]s ( ! royal h\sehold1 t he _h no great reason to fe> t a murd] committ$ on ?is occasion w\ld be likely to draw _m o!rs 9 its tra94 ,y _c1 accord+ly1 d5y t ! ,jesuit :o figur$ on t occasion 0 killable ) a safe consci5ce1 & t ! (f5d$ p>ty might h conv]t$ him into a practical illu/ration ( ! doctr9e ( ,lessius4 ,& v likely1 fa!rs1 ?is might h be5 ! result _h he be5 educat$ 9 y\r s*ool1 & le>nt f ,escob> t ! man :o has receiv$ a buffet is held to be disgrac$ until he has tak5 ! life ( him :o insult$ him4 ,b !re is gr\nd to believe1 t ! v diff]5t in/ructions :i* he receiv$ f a curate1 :o is no great favorite ( y\rs1 h contribut$ n a little 9 ?is case to save ! life ( a ,jesuit4 ,tell u no m1 !n1 ( inconv5i5ces :i* may1 9 _m in/ances1 be s easily got ov]1 & 9 ! abs5ce ( :i*1 accord+ to ,lessius1 murd] is p]missible ev5 9 practice4 ,?is is frankly av[$ by y\r au?ors1 z quot$ by ,escob>1 9 8 8,practice ( ,homicide1 accord+ to y\r ,society40 8,is x all[able10 asks ?is casui/1 8to kill him :o has giv5 me a buffet8 ,lessius says x is p]missible 9 speculation1 ?\gh n to be foll[$ 9 practice--non consul5dum 9 praxi--on acc\nt ( ! risk ( hatr$1 or ( murd]s prejudicial to ! ,/ate4 ,o!rs1 h[ev]1 h judg$ t1 ,,by ,,avoid+ ,,^! ,,inconv5i5ces1 ,,?is ,,is ,,p]missible ,,& ,,safe ,,9 ,,practice--9 praxi probabilem et tutam judic>unt ,h5riquez10 c4 ,see h[ y\r op9ions m\nt up1 by little & little1 to ! climax ( probabilism6 ,! pres5t "o y h at la/ elevat$ to ?is position1 by p]mitt+ murd] )\t any di/9ction betwe5 speculation & practice1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 8,x is lawful1 :5 "o has receiv$ a buffet1 to return ! bl[ imm$iately ) ! sword1 n to av5ge "o's self1 b to pres]ve "o's honor40 ,su* is ! decision ( y\r fa!rs ( ,ca5 9 #afdd1 embodi$ 9 _! publications produc$ by ! univ]sity be=e p>liam5t1 :5 !y pres5t$ _! ?ird remon/rance aga9/ y\r doctr9e ( homicide1 z %[n 9 ! book !n emitt$ by !m1 at page #cci4 ,m>k1 !n1 fa!rs1 t y\r own au?ors h !mselves demoli%$ ?is absurd di/9ction betwe5 speculative & practical murd]--a di/9ction :i* ! univ]sity treat$ ) ridicule1 & ! inv5tion ( :i* is a secret ( y\r policy1 :i* x may n[ be wor? :ile to expla94 ,! k ( x1 besides be+ necess>y to ! "r und]/&+ ( y\r #ae?1 #af?1 #ag?1 & #ah? *>ges1 is well calculat$1 9 g5]al1 to op5 up1 by little & little1 ! pr9ciples ( t my/]i\s policy4 ,9 attempt+1 z y h done1 to decide cases ( consci5ce 9 ! mo/ agreeable & accommodat+ mann]1 :ile y met ) "s que/ions 9 :i* religion alone 0 conc]n$--su* z ^? ( contrition1 p5ance1 love to ,god1 & o!rs only affect+ ! inn] c\rt ( consci5ce--y enc\nt]$ ano!r class ( cases 9 :i* civil society 0 int]e/$ z well z religion--su* z ^? relat+ to usury1 bankruptcy1 homicide1 & ! l4 ,& x is truly di/ress+ to all t love ! ,*ur*1 to obs]ve t1 9 a va/ numb] ( in/ances1 9 :i* y _h only ,religion to cont5d )1 y h violat$ h] laws )\t res]vation1 )\t di/9ction1 & )\t compunction2 because y knew t x is n "h t ,god visibly adm9i/]s 8 ju/ice4 ,b 9 ^? cases 9 :i* ! ,/ate is int]e/$ z well z ,religion1 y\r appreh5sion ( man's ju/ice has induc$ y to divide y\r decisions into two %>es4 ,to ! fir/ ( ^! y give ! "n ( speculation2 "u :i* category crimes1 consid]$ 9 !mselves1 )\t reg>d to society1 b m]ely to ! law ( ,god1 y h p]mitt$1 )\t ! lea/ scruple1 & 9 ! way ( trampl+ on ! div9e law :i* condemns !m4 ,! second y rank "u ! d5om9ation ( practice2 & "h1 consid]+ ! injury :i* may be done to society1 & ! pres5ce ( magi/rates :o look aft] ! public peace1 y take c>e1 9 ord] to keep y\rselves on ! safe side ( ! law1 n to approve always 9 practice ! murd]s & o!r crimes :i* y h sanction$ 9 speculation4 ,?us1 = example1 on ! "q1 8,if x be lawful to kill = sl&]s80 y\r au?ors1 ,filiutius1 ,reg9ald1 & o!rs1 reply3 8,?is is p]mitt$ 9 speculation--ex probabile op9ione licet2 b is n to be approv$ 9 practice1 on acc\nt ( ! great numb] ( murd]s :i* might ensue1 & :i* might injure ! ,/ate1 if all sl&]]s 7 to be kill$1 & also because "o might be puni%$ 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice = hav+ kill$ ano!r = t matt]40 ,su* is ! /yle 9 :i* y\r op9ions beg9 to develop !mselves1 "u ! %elt] ( ?is di/9ction1 9 virtue ( :i*1 )\t do+ any s5sible injury to society1 y only ru9 religion4 ,9 act+ ?us1 y consid] y\rselves q safe4 ,y suppose t1 on ! "o h&1 ! influ5ce y h 9 ! ,*ur* w effectually %ield f puni%m5t y\r assaults on tru?2 & t1 on ! o!r1 ! precautions y h tak5 aga9/ too easily r$uc+ y\r p]missions to practice w save y on ! "p ( ! civil p[]s1 :o1 n be+ judges 9 cases ( consci5ce1 are prop]ly conc]n$ only ) ! outw>d practice4 ,?us an op9ion :i* w\ld be condemn$ "u ! "n ( practice1 comes out q safe "u ! "n ( speculation4 ,b ?is basis once e/abli%$1 x is n difficult to erect on x ! re/ ( y\r maxims4 ,!re is an inf9ite di/ance betwe5 ,god's prohibition ( murd]1 & y\r speculative p]mission ( ! crime2 b betwe5 t p]mission & ! practice ! di/ance is v small inde$4 ,x only rema9s to %[1 t :at is all[able 9 speculation is also s 9 practice2 & !re c be no want ( reasons = ?is4 ,y h contriv$ to f9d !m 9 f> m difficult cases4 ,w\ld y l to see1 fa!rs1 h[ ?is may be manag$8 ,i ref] y to ! reason+ ( ,escob>1 :o has di/9ctly decid$ ! po9t 9 ! fir/ ( ! six volumes ( 8 gr& ,moral ,!ology1 ( :i* ,i h already spok5--a "w 9 :i* he %[s q ano!r _s f t :i* appe>s 9 8 =m] compilation f y\r f\r-&-tw5ty eld]s4 ,at t "t he ?\ght t !re might be op9ions probable 9 speculation1 :i* might n be safe 9 practice2 b he has n[ come to =m an opposite judgm5t1 & has1 9 ?is1 8 late/ "w1 confirm$ x4 ,su* is ! wond]ful gr[? atta9$ by ! doctr9e ( probability 9 g5]al1 z well z by e probable op9ion 9 p>ticul>1 9 ! c\rse ( "t4 ,att5d1 !n1 to :at he says3 8,i _c see h[ x c be t an action :i* seems all[able 9 speculation %\ld n be s likewise 9 practice2 because :at may be done 9 practice dep5ds on :at is f\nd to be lawful 9 speculation1 & ! ?+s diff] f ea* o!r only z cause & effect4 ,speculation is t :i* det]m9es to action4 ,,:5ce ,,x ,,foll[s ,,t ,,op9ions ,,probable ,,9 ,,speculation ,,may ,,be ,,foll[$ ,,) ,a ,,safe ,,consci5ce ,,9 ,,practice1 & t ev5 ) m safety ?an ^? :i* h n be5 s well exam9$ z matt]s ( speculation40#bej ,v]ily1 fa!rs1 y\r fri5d ,escob> reasons uncommonly well sometimes2 &1 9 po9t ( fact1 !re is su* a close connection betwe5 speculation & practice1 t :5 ! =m] has once tak5 root1 y h no difficulty 9 p]mitt+ ! latt]1 )\t any disguise4 ,a good illu/ration ( ?is we h 9 ! p]mission 8to kill = a buffet10 :i*1 f be+ a po9t ( simple speculation1 0 boldly rais$ by ,lessius into a practice 8:i* ought n easily to be all[$20 f t promot$ by ,escob> to ! "* ( 8an easy practice20 & f !nce elevat$ by y\r fa!rs ( ,ca51 z we h se51 )\t any di/9ction betwe5 !ory & practice1 into a full p]mission4 ,?us y br+ y\r op9ions to _! full gr[? v gradually4 ,7 !y pres5t$ all at once 9 _! f9i%$ extravagance1 !y w\ld beget horror2 b ?is sl[ imp]ceptible progress gradually habituates m5 to ! sight ( !m1 & hides _! (f5siv5ess4 ,& 9 ?is way ! p]mission to murd]1 9 itself s odi\s bo? to ,*ur* & ,/ate1 creeps fir/ into ! ,*ur*1 & !n f ! ,*ur* into ! ,/ate4 ,a simil> success has att5d$ ! op9ion ( 8kill+ = sl&]10 :i* has n[ rea*$ ! climax ( a p]mission )\t any di/9ction4 ,i %\ld n h /opp$ to quote my au?orities on ?is po9t f y\r writ+s1 _h x n be5 necess>y 9 ord] to put d[n ! effront]y ) :i* y h ass]t$1 twice ov]1 9 y\r fifte5? ,impo/ure1 8t !re nev] 0 a ,jesuit :o p]mitt$ kill+ = sl&]40 ,be=e mak+ ?is /atem5t1 fa!rs1 y %\ld h tak5 c>e to prev5t x f com+ "u my notice1 see+ t x is s easy = me to answ] x4 ,=1 n to m5tion t y\r fa!rs ,reg9ald1 ,filiutius1 & o!rs1 h p]mitt$ x 9 speculation1 z ,i h already %[n1 & t ! pr9ciple laid d[n by ,escob> leads u safely on to ! practice1 ,i h to tell y t y h au?ors :o h p]mitt$ x 9 s _m words1 & among o!rs ,fa!r ,h]eau 9 8 public lectures1 on ! conclusion ( :i* ! k+ put him "u arre/ 9 y\r h\se1 = hav+ taught1 among o!r errors1 t :5 a p]son :o has sl&]$ u 9 ! pres5ce ( m5 ( honor1 cont9ues to d s aft] be+ w>n$ to desi/1 x is all[able to kill him1 n publicly1 inde$1 = fe> ( sc&al1 b ,,9 ,a ,,private ,,way--s$ clam4 ,i h _h occasion already to m5tion ,fa!r ,lamy1 & y d n ne$ to be in=m$ t 8 doctr9e on ?is subject 0 c5sur$ 9 #afdi by ! ,univ]sity ( ,l\va94#bea ,& yet two mon?s h n elaps$ s9ce y\r ,fa!r ,des ,bois ma9ta9$ ?is v c5sur$ doctr9e ( ,fa!r ,lamy1 & taught t 8x 0 all[able = a monk to def5d ! honor :i* he acquir$ by 8 virtue1 ,,ev5 ,,by ,,kill+ ! p]son :o assails 8 reputation--etiam cum morte invasoris20 :i* has rais$ su* a sc&al 9 t t[n1 t ! :ole ( ! curs unit$ to impose sil5ce on him1 & to oblige him1 by a canonical process1 to retract 8 doctr9e4 ,! case is n[ p5d+ 9 ! ,episcopal c\rt4 ,:at say y n[1 fa!rs8 ,:y attempt1 aft] t1 to ma9ta9 t 8no ,jesuit ev] held t x 0 lawful to kill = sl&]80 ,is any?+ m necess>y to conv9ce y ( ?is ?an ! v op9ions ( y\r fa!rs :i* y quote1 s9ce !y d n condemn murd] 9 speculation1 b only 9 practice1 & t1 too1 8on acc\nt ( ! injury t might !reby accrue to ! ,/ate80 ,& "h ,i w\ld j beg to ask1 :e!r ! :ole matt] 9 dispute betwe5 u is n simply & solely to asc]ta9 if y h or h n subv]t$ ! law ( ,god :i* condemns murd]8 ,! po9t 9 "q is1 n :e!r y h injur$ ! commonweal?1 b :e!r y h injur$ religion4 ,:at purpose1 !n1 c x s]ve1 9 a dispute ( ?is k9d1 to %[ t y h sp>$ ! ,/ate1 :5 y make x app>5t1 at ! same "t1 t y h de/roy$ ! fai?8 ,is ?is n evid5t f y\r say+ t ! mean+ ( ,reg9ald1 on ! "q ( kill+ = sl&]s1 is1 8t a private individual has a "r to employ t mode ( def5ce1 view+ x simply 9 itself80 ,i desire no?+ beyond ?is concession to confute y4 8,a private individual10 y say1 8has a "r to employ t mode ( def5ce0 7t is1 kill+ = sl&]s71 8view+ ! ?+ 9 itself20 &1 consequ5tly1 fa!rs1 ! law ( ,god1 :i* =bids u to kill1 is nullifi$ by t decision4 ,x s]ves no purpose to add1 z y h done1 8t su* a mode is unlawful & crim9al1 ev5 accord+ to ! law ( ,god1 on acc\nt ( ! murd]s & disord]s :i* w\ld foll[ 9 society1 because ! law ( ,god obliges u to h reg>d to ! good ( society40 ,?is is to evade ! "q3 = !re are two laws to be obs]v$--"o =bidd+ u to kill1 & ano!r =bidd+ u to h>m society4 ,reg9ald has n1 p]haps1 brok5 ! law :i* =bids u to d h>m to society2 b he has mo/ c]ta9ly violat$ t :i* =bids u to kill4 ,n[ ?is is ! only po9t ) :i* we h to d4 ,i might h %[n1 besides1 t y\r o!r writ]s1 :o h p]mitt$ ^! murd]s 9 practice1 h subv]t$ ! "o law z well z ! o!r4 ,b1 to proce$1 we h se5 t y sometimes =bid do+ h>m to ! ,/ate2 & y allege t y\r design 9 t is to fulfil ! law ( ,god1 :i* obliges u to consult ! int]e/s ( society4 ,t may be true1 ?\gh x is f> f be+ c]ta91 z y might d ! same ?+ purely f fe> ( ! civil magi/rate4 ,) y\r p]mission1 !n1 we %all scrut9ize ! real secret ( ?is movem5t4 ,is x n c]ta91 fa!rs1 t if y _h really any reg>d to ,god1 & if ! obs]vance ( 8 law _h be5 ! prime & pr9cipal object 9 y\r ?\ghts1 ?is respect w\ld h inv>iably pr$om9at$ 9 all y\r lead+ decisions1 & w\ld h engag$ y at all times on ! side ( religion8 ,b if x turns out1 on ! contr>y1 t y violate1 9 innum]able in/ances1 ! mo/ sacr$ comm&s t ,god has laid ^u m51 & t1 z 9 ! in/ances be=e u1 y annihilate ! law ( ,god1 :i* =bids ^! actions z crim9al 9 !mselves1 & t y only scruple to approve ( !m 9 practice1 f bodily fe> ( ! civil magi/rate1 d y n af=d u gr\nd to conclude t y h no respect to ,god 9 y\r appreh5sions1 & t if y yield an app>5t ob$i5ce to 8 law1 9 s f> z reg>ds ! obligation to d no h>m to ! ,/ate1 ?is is n done out ( any reg>d to ! law itself1 b to compass y\r own ends1 z has ev] be5 ! way ) politicians ( no religion8 ,:at1 fa!rs6 w y tell u t1 look+ simply to ! law ( ,god1 :i* says1 8,?\ %alt n kill10 we h a "r to kill = sl&]s8 ,& aft] hav+ ?us trampl$ on ! et]nal law ( ,god1 d y imag9e t y atone = ! sc&al y h caus$1 & c p]suade u ( y\r rev]5ce = him1 by add+ t y prohibit ! practice = ,/ate reasons1 & f dread ( ! civil arm8 ,is n ?is1 on ! contr>y1 to raise a fre% sc&al8--,i mean n by ! respect :i* y te/ify = ! magi/rate2 t is n my *>ge aga9/ y1 & x is ridicul\s 9 y to bant]1 z y h done1 on ?is matt]4 ,i blame y1 n = fe>+ ! magi/rate1 b = fe>+ none b ! magi/rate4 ,& ,i blame y = ?is1 because x is mak+ ,god less ! enemy ( vice ?an man4 ,_h y said t to kill = sl&] 0 all[able accord+ to m51 b n accord+ to ,god1 t might h be5 some?+ m endurable2 b :5 y ma9ta91 t :at is too crim9al to be tol]at$ among m51 may yet be innoc5t & "r 9 ! eyes ( t ,be+ :o is righte\sness itself1 :at is ?is b to decl>e be=e ! :ole _w1 by a subv]sion ( pr9ciple z %ock+ 9 itself z x is ali5 to ! _s ( ! sa9ts1 t :ile y c be bragg>ts be=e ,god1 y are c[>ds be=e m58 ,_h y really be5 anxi\s to condemn ^! homicides1 y w\ld h all[$ ! comm&m5t ( ,god :i* =bids !m to rema9 intact2 & _h y d>$ at once to p]mit !m1 y w\ld h p]mitt$ !m op5ly1 9 spite ( ! laws ( ,god & m54 ,b y\r object be+ to p]mit !m imp]ceptibly1 & to *eat ! magi/rate1 :o wat*es ov] ! public safety1 y h gone craftily to "w4 ,y sep>ate y\r maxims into two portions4 ,on ! "o side1 y hold out 8t x is lawful 9 speculation to kill a man = sl&]20--& nobody ?9ks ( h9d]+ y f tak+ a speculative view ( matt]s4 ,on ! o!r side1 y come out ) ?is deta*$ axiom1 8t :at is p]mitt$ 9 speculation is also p]missible 9 practice20--& :at conc]n does society seem to h 9 ?is g5]al & metaphysical-look+ proposition8 ,& ?us ^! two pr9ciples1 s little suspect$1 be+ embrac$ 9 _! sep>ate =m1 ! vigilance ( ! magi/rate is elud$2 :ile x is only necess>y to comb9e ! two toge!r1 to draw f !m ! conclusion :i* y aim at--namely1 t x is lawful 9 practice to put a man to dea? = a simple sl&]4 ,x is1 inde$1 fa!rs1 "o ( ! mo/ subtle tricks ( y\r policy1 to scatt] ?r\gh y\r publications ! maxims :i* y club toge!r 9 y\r decisions4 ,x is p>tly 9 ?is way t y e/abli% y\r doctr9e ( probabilities1 :i* ,i h frequ5tly _h occasion to expla94 ,t g5]al pr9ciple once e/abli%$1 y advance propositions h>mless en\gh :5 view$ ap>t1 b :i*1 :5 tak5 9 connection ) t p]nici\s dogma1 become positively horrible4 ,an example ( ?is1 :i* dem&s an answ]1 may be f\nd 9 ! #aa? page ( y\r 8,impo/ures10 :]e y allege t 8sev]al fam\s !ologians h decid$ t x is lawful to kill a man = a box on ! e>40 ,n[1 x is c]ta91 t if t _h be5 said by a p]son :o did n hold probabilism1 !re w\ld be no?+ to f9d fault ) 9 x2 x w\ld 9 ?is case am\nt to no m ?an a h>mless /atem5t1 & no?+ c\ld be elicit$ f x4 ,b y1 fa!rs1 & all :o hold t dang]\s t5et1 8t :atev] has be5 approv$ by celebrat$ au?ors is probable & safe 9 consci5ce10 :5 y add to ?is 8t sev]al celebrat$ au?ors are ( op9ion t x is lawful to kill a man = a box on ! e>10 :at is ?is b to put a dagg] into ! h& ( all ,*ri/ians1 = ! purpose ( plung+ x into ! he>t ( ! fir/ p]son t insults !m1 & to assure !m t1 hav+ ! judgm5t ( s _m grave au?ors on _! side1 !y may d s ) a p]fectly safe consci5ce8 ,:at mon/r\s species ( language is ?is1 :i*1 9 ann\nc+ t c]ta9 au?ors hold a dete/able op9ion1 is at ! same "t giv+ a decision 9 favor ( t op9ion--:i* solemnly tea*es :atev] x simply tells6 ,we h le>nt1 fa!rs1 to und]/& ?is peculi> dialect ( ! ,jesuitical s*ool2 & x is a/oni%+ t y h ! h>dihood to speak x out s freely1 = x betrays y\r s5tim5ts some:at too broadly4 ,x convicts y ( p]mitt+ murd] = a buffet1 z (t5 z y repeat t _m celebrat$ au?ors h ma9ta9$ t op9ion4 ,?is *>ge1 fa!rs1 y w nev] be able to repel2 nor w y be mu* help$ out by ^? passages f ,vasquez & ,su>ez t y adduce aga9/ me1 9 :i* !y condemn ! murd]s :i* _! associates h approv$4 ,^! te/imonies1 disjo9$ f ! re/ ( y\r doctr9e1 may hoodw9k ^? :o "k little ab\t x2 b we1 :o "k bett]1 put y\r pr9ciples & maxims toge!r4 ,y say1 !n1 t ,vasquez condemns murd]s2 b :at say y on ! o!r side ( ! "q1 my rev]5d fa!rs8 ,:y1 8t ! probability ( "o s5tim5t does n h9d] ! probability ( ! opposite s5tim5t2 & t x is w>rantable to foll[ ! less probable & less safe op9ion1 giv+ up ! m probable & m safe "o40 ,:at foll[s f all ?is tak5 9 connection1 b t we h p]fect fre$om ( consci5ce to adopt any "o ( ^! conflict+ judgm5ts :i* pleases u be/8 ,& :at becomes ( all ! effect :i* y fondly anticipate f y\r quotations8 ,x evaporates 9 smoke1 = we h no m to d ?an to conjo9 = y\r condemnation ! maxims :i* y h disjo9$ = y\r exculpation4 ,:y1 !n1 produce ^? passages ( y\r au?ors :i* ,i h n quot$1 to qualify ^? :i* ,i h quot$1 z if ! "o c\ld excuse ! o!r8 ,:at "r does t give y to call me an 8impo/or80 ,h ,i said t all y\r fa!rs are implicat$ 9 ! same corruptions8 ,h ,i n1 on ! contr>y1 be5 at pa9s to %[ t y\r int]e/ lay 9 hav+ !m ( all diff]5t m9ds1 9 ord] to suit all y\r purposes8 ,d y wi% to kill y\r man8--"h is ,lessius = y4 ,are y incl9$ to sp>e him8--"h is ,vasquez4 ,nobody ne$ g away 9 ill humor--nobody )\t ! au?ority ( a grave doctor4 ,lessius w talk to y l a ,hea!n on homicide1 & l a ,*ri/ian1 x may be1 on *>ity4 ,vasquez1 aga91 w descant l a ,hea!n on *>ity1 & l a ,*ri/ian on homicide4 ,b by means ( probabilism1 :i* is held bo? by ,vasquez & ,lessius1 & :i* r5d]s all y\r op9ions common prop]ty1 !y w l5d _! op9ions to "o ano!r1 & ea* w be held b\nd to absolve ^? :o h act$ accord+ to op9ions :i* ea* ( !m has condemn$4 ,x is ?is v v>iety1 !n1 t conf\nds y4 ,uni=mity1 ev5 9 evil1 w\ld be bett] ?an ?is4 ,no?+ is m contr>y to ! ord]s ( ,/4 ,ignatius#beb & ! fir/ g5]als ( y\r ,society1 ?an ?is confus$ m$ley ( all sorts ( op9ions1 good & bad4 ,i may1 p]haps1 ent] on ?is topic at "s future p]iod2 & x w a/oni% _m to see h[ f> y h deg5]at$ f ! orig9al _s ( y\r in/itution1 & t y\r own g5]als h =ese5 t ! corruption ( y\r doctr9e on morals might prove fatal1 n only to y\r ,society1 b to ! ,*ur* univ]sal4#bec ,mean:ile1 ,i repeat t y c d]ive no advantage f ! doctr9e ( ,vasquez4 ,x w\ld be /range1 inde$1 if1 out ( all ! ,jesuits t h writt5 on morals1 "o or two c\ld n be f\nd :o may h hit ^u a tru? :i* has be5 confess$ by all ,*ri/ians4 ,!re is no glory 9 ma9ta9+ ! tru?1 accord+ to ! ,gospel1 t x is unlawful to kill a man = smit+ u on ! face2 b x is f\l %ame to d5y x4 ,s f>1 inde$1 f ju/ify+ y1 no?+ tells m fatally aga9/ y ?an ! fact t1 hav+ doctors among y :o h told y ! tru?1 y abide n 9 ! tru?1 b love ! d>kness r ?an ! light4 ,y h be5 taught by ,vasquez t x is a hea!n1 & n a ,*ri/ian1 op9ion to hold t we may knock d[n a man = a bl[ on ! *eek2 & t x is subv]sive bo? ( ! ,gospel & ( ! decalogue to say t we may kill = su* a matt]4 ,! mo/ pr(ligate ( m5 w ackn[l$ge z mu*4 ,& yet y h all[$ ,lessius1 ,escob>1 & o!rs1 to decide1 9 ! face ( ^! well-kn[n tru?s1 & 9 spite ( all ! laws ( ,god aga9/ manslaught]1 t x is q all[able to kill a man = a buffet6 ,:at purpose1 !n1 c x s]ve to set ?is passage ( ,vasquez ov] aga9/ ! s5tim5t ( ,lessius1 unless y mean to %[ t1 9 ! op9ion ( ,vasquez1 ,lessius is a 8hea!n0 & a 8pr(ligate80 & t1 fa!rs1 is m ?an ,i dur/ h said myself4 ,:at else c be d$uc$ f x ?an t ,lessius 8subv]ts bo? ! ,gospel & ! decalogue20 t1 at ! la/ day1 ,vasquez w condemn ,lessius on ?is po9t1 z ,lessius w condemn ,vasquez on ano!r2 & t all y\r fa!rs w rise up 9 judgm5t "o aga9/ ano!r1 mutually condemn+ ea* o!r = _! sad outrages on ! law ( ,jesus ,*ri/8 ,to ?is conclusion1 !n1 rev]5d fa!rs1 mu/ we come at l5g?1 t z y\r probabilism r5d]s ! good op9ions ( "s ( y\r au?ors useless to ! ,*ur*1 & useful only to y\r policy1 !y m]ely s]ve to betray1 by _! contr>iety1 ! duplicity ( y\r he>ts4 ,?is y h completely unfold$1 by tell+ u1 on ! "o h&1 t ,vasquez & ,su>ez are aga9/ homicide1 & on ! o!r h&1 t _m celebrat$ au?ors are = homicide2 ?us pres5t+ two roads to our *oice1 & de/roy+ ! simplicity ( ! ,_s ( ,god1 :o d5\nces 8 ana!ma on ! deceitful & ! d\ble-he>t$3 8,v duplici corde1 et +r$i5ti duabus viis6--,woe be to ! d\ble he>ts1 & ! s9n] t goe? two ways60#bed ----- ,footnote #bdh3 ,! ,*ur* ( ,rome has n left ^? :om %e t]ms h]etics s d\btfully to 8take advantage0 ( ,jesuitical ab]rations4 ,%e has done ev]y?+ 9 h] p[] to give !m ?is advantage4 ,by id5tify+ h]self1 at v>i\s times1 ) ! ,jesuits1 %e has virtually /amp$ _! doctr9es ) h] approbation4 ,footnote #bdi3 ,! ref]5ce "h is to an affray :i* made a consid]able noise at ! "t1 betwe5 ,fa!r ,bor91 a ,jesuit1 & ,m4 ,guille1 "o ( ! (fic]s ( ! royal kit*51 9 ! ,college ( ,compigne4 ,a qu>rel hav+ tak5 place1 ! enrag$ ,jesuit /ruck ! royal cook 9 ! face :ile he 0 9 ! act ( prep>+ d9n]1 by 8 maje/y's ord]1 = ,*ri/9a1 que5 ( ,sw$51 9 honor1 p]haps1 ( h] conv]sion to ! ,romi% fai?4 7,nicole1 iv4 #cg7 ,footnote #bej3 ,9 ,prlog41 n4 #ae4 ,footnote #bea3 ,! doctr9es advanc$ by ,lamy are too gross = repetition4 ,suffice x to say1 t !y sanction$ ! murd] n only ( ! sl&]]1 b ( ! p]son :o might tell tales aga9/ a religi\s ord]1 ( "o :o might /& 9 ! way ( ano!r enjoy+ a legacy or a b5efice1 & ev5 ( "o :om a prie/ might h robb$ ( h] honor1 if %e ?reat5$ to rob him ( 84 ,^! horrid maxims 7 condemn$ by civil tribunals & !ological faculties2 b ! ,jesuits p]si/$ 9 ju/ify+ !m4 7,nicole1 ,notes1 iv4 #da1 c47 ,footnote #beb3 ,x is v sad to see ,pascal r$uc$ to ! necessity ( salut+ ! f\nd] ( ! sect :i* he held up to ! scorn ( ! _w1 z ,sa9t ,ignatius6 ,ignatius ,loyola 0 a native ( ,spa91 & born 9 #adia4 ,at fir/ a soldi] ( =tune1 he 0 disabl$ f s]vice by a w\nd 9 ! leg at ! siege ( ,pampeluna1 & 8 bra9 hav+ become heat$ by read+ romances & leg5d>y tales1 he took x into 8 head to become ! ,don ,quixote ( ! ,virg91 & wage w> aga9/ all h]etics & infidels4 ,by indomitable p]sev]ance he succe$$ 9 e/abli%+ ! sect call+ itself 8! ,society ( ,jesus40 ,?is ignorant fanatic1 :o1 9 m enlight5$ times1 w\ld h be5 consign$ to a mad-h\se1 0 beatifi$ by "o pope1 & canoniz$1 or put into ! li/ ( sa9ts1 by ano!r6 ,jans5ius1 9 8 correspond5ce ) ,/4 ,cyran1 indignantly compla9s ( pope ,gregory ,,xv4 = hav+ canoniz$ ,ignatius & ,xavi]4 7,leydeck]1 ,hi/4 ,jans54 #bc47 ,footnote #bec3 ,?is is r a s+ul> fact1 & applies only to "o ( ! ,society's g5]als1 viz41 ,vitelles*i1 :o1 9 a circul> lett]1 address$1 ,janu>y #afag1 to ! ,company1 mu* to 8 own honor1 /rongly recomm5d$ a pur] morality1 & d5\nc$ probabilism4 ,b1 says ,nicole1 ! ,jesuits did n pr(it by 8 good advice4 7,nicole1 iv41 p4 #cc47 ,x is true1 h[ev]1 t ! ,jesuits1 dur+ ?is c5tury1 _h lo/ sight ( ! orig9al design ( _! ord]1 & ( all ! ascetic rules ( _! f\nd]s1 ,ignatius & ,aquaviva4 8,! _s :i* once animat$ !m _h fall5 be=e ! temptations ( ! _w1 & _! sole endeavor n[ 0 to make !mselves necess>y to mank9d1 let ! means be :at !y might40 7,ranke's ,hi/4 ( ! ,popes1 iii4 #aci47 ,footnote #bed3 ,ecclesia/icus 7,apocrypha71 ii4 #ab4 ,,lett] ,,xiv4 ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1 ,,! ,,jesuits4 ,,9 ,,:i* ,,! ,,maxims ,,( ,,! ,,jesuits ,,on ,,murd] ,,are ,,refut$ ,,f ,,! ,,fa!rs--,,"s ,,( ,,_! ,,calumnies ,,answ]$ ,,by ,,! ,,way--,,& ,,_! ,,doctr9e ,,comp>$ ,,) ,,! ,,=ms ,,obs]v$ ,,9 ,,crim9al ,,trials4 ,octob] #bc1 #afef4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1--,if ,i _h m]ely to reply to ! ?ree rema9+ *>ges on ! subject ( homicide1 !re w\ld be no ne$ = a long disc\rse1 & y w see !m refut$ pres5tly 9 a few words2 b z ,i ?9k x ( mu* m importance to inspire ! public ) a horror at y\r op9ions on ?is subject1 ?an to ju/ify ! fidelity ( my quotations1 ,i %all be oblig$ to devote ! great] "p ( ?is lett] to ! refutation ( y\r maxims1 to %[ y h[ f> y h dep>t$ f ! s5tim5ts ( ! ,*ur*1 & ev5 ( nature itself4 ,! p]missions ( murd]1 :i* y h grant$ 9 su* a v>iety ( cases1 r5d] x v app>5t1 t y h s f> =gott5 ! law ( ,god1 & qu5*$ ! light ( nature1 z to require to be rem&$ to ! simple/ pr9ciples ( religion & ( common s5se4 ,:at c be a pla9] dictate ( nature ?an t 8no private individual has a "r to take away ! life ( ano!r80 8,s well are we taught ?is ( ourselves10 says ,/4 ,*ryso/om1 8t ,god1 9 giv+ ! comm&m5t n to kill1 did n add z a reason t homicide 0 an evil2 because10 says t fa!r1 8! law supposes t nature has taught u t tru? already40 ,accord+ly1 ?is comm&m5t has be5 b9d+ on m5 9 all ages4 ,! ,gospel has confirm$ ! requirem5t ( ! law2 & ! decalogue only r5ew$ ! comm& :i* man _h receiv$ f ,god be=e ! law1 9 ! p]son ( ,noah1 f :om all m5 are desc5d$4 ,on t r5ovation ( ! _w1 ,god said to ! patri>*3 8,at ! h& ( man1 & at ! h& ( e man's bro!r1 w ,i require ! life ( man4 ,:oso %$de? man's blood1 by man %all 8 blood be %$2 = man is made 9 ! image ( ,god40 7,g54 ix4 #e1 #f47 ,?is g5]al prohibition deprives man ( all p[] ov] ! life ( man4 ,& s exclusively has ! ,almighty res]v$ ?is pr]ogative 9 8 own h&1 t1 9 accordance ) ,*ri/ianity1 :i* is at utt] v>iance ) ! false maxims ( ,paganism1 man has no p[] ev5 ov] 8 own life4 ,b1 z x has seem$ good to 8 provid5ce to take human society "u 8 protection1 & to puni% ! evil-do]s t give x di/urbance1 he has himself e/abli%$ laws = depriv+ crim9als ( life2 & ?us ^? executions :i*1 )\t 8 sanction1 w\ld be puni%able outrages1 become1 by virtue ( 8 au?ority1 :i* is ! rule ( ju/ice1 praisewor?y p5alties4 ,/4 ,augu/9e takes an admirable view ( ?is subject4 8,god10 he says1 8has himself qualifi$ ?is g5]al prohibition aga9/ manslaught]1 bo? by ! laws :i* he has in/itut$ = ! capital puni%m5t ( malefactors1 & by ! special ord]s :i* he has sometimes issu$ to put to dea? c]ta9 individuals4 ,& :5 dea? is inflict$ 9 su* cases1 x is n man t kills1 b ,god1 ( :om man may be consid]$ z only ! in/rum5t1 9 ! same way z a sword 9 ! h& ( him t wields x4 ,b1 ^! in/ances except$1 :osoev] kills incurs ! guilt ( murd]40#bee ,x appe>s1 !n1 fa!rs1 t ! "r ( tak+ away ! life ( man is ! sole pr]ogative ( ,god1 & t hav+ orda9$ laws = execut+ dea? on crim9als1 he has deput$ k+s or commonweal?s z ! deposit>ies ( t p[]--a tru? :i* ,/4 ,paul tea*es u1 :51 speak+ ( ! "r :i* sov]eigns possess ov] ! lives ( _! subjects1 he d$uces x f ,heav5 9 ^! words3 8,he be>e? n ! sword 9 va92 = he is ! m9i/] ( ,god to execute wra? ^u him t doe? evil40 7,rom4 xiii4 #d47 ,b z x is ,god :o has put ?is p[] into _! h&s1 s he requires !m to ex]cise x 9 ! same mann] z he does himself2 9 o!r words1 ) p]fect ju/ice2 accord+ to :at ,/4 ,paul obs]ves 9 ! same passage3 8,rul]s are n a t]ror to good works1 b to ! evil4 ,wilt ?\1 !n1 n be afraid ( ! p[]8 ,d t :i* is good3 = he is ! m9i/] ( ,god to !e = good40 ,& ?is re/riction1 s f> f l[]+ _! pr]ogative1 exalts x1 on ! contr>y1 m ?an ev]2 = x is ?us assimilat$ to t ( ,god1 :o has no p[] to d evil1 b is all-p[]ful to d good2 & x is ?us di/+ui%$ f t ( devils1 :o are impot5t 9 t :i* is good1 & p[]ful only = evil4 ,!re is ?is diff]5ce only to be obs]v$ betwixt ! ,k+ ( ,heav5 & e>?ly sov]eigns1 t ,god1 be+ ju/ice & wisdom itself1 may inflict dea? in/antane\sly on :omsoev] & 9 :atsoev] mann] he pleases2 =1 besides 8 be+ ! sov]eign ,"l ( human life1 x is c]ta9 t he nev] takes x away ei!r )\t cause or )\t judgm5t1 because he is z incapable ( inju/ice z he is ( error4 ,e>?ly pot5tates1 h[ev]1 are n at lib]ty to act 9 ?is mann]2 =1 ?\gh ! m9i/]s ( ,god1 /ill !y are b m51 & n gods4 ,!y may be misguid$ by evil c\nsels1 irritat$ by false suspicions1 transport$ by passion1 & h5ce !y f9d !mselves oblig$ to h rec\rse1 9 _! turn also1 to human ag5cy1 & appo9t magi/rates 9 _! dom9ions1 to :om !y delegate _! p[]1 t ! au?ority :i* ,god has be/[$ on !m may be employ$ solely = ! purpose = :i* !y receiv$ x4 ,i hope y und]/&1 !n1 fa!rs1 t to avoid ! crime ( murd]1 we mu/ act at once by ! au?ority ( ,god1 & accord+ to ! ju/ice ( ,god2 & t :5 ^! two conditions are n unit$1 s9 is contract$2 :e!r x be by tak+ away life ) 8 au?ority1 b )\t 8 ju/ice2 or by tak+ x away ) ju/ice1 b )\t 8 au?ority4 ,f ?is indisp5sable connection x foll[s1 accord+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e1 8t he :o1 )\t prop] au?ority1 kills a crim9al1 becomes a crim9al himself1 *iefly = ?is reason1 t he usurps an au?ority :i* ,god has n giv5 him20 & on ! o!r h&1 magi/rates1 ?\gh !y possess ?is au?ority1 are nev]!less *>geable ) murd]1 if1 contr>y to ! laws :i* !y are b\nd to foll[1 !y inflict dea? on an innoc5t man4 ,su* are ! pr9ciples ( public safety & tranquillity :i* h be5 admitt$ at all times & 9 all places1 & on ! basis ( :i* all legislators1 sacr$ & pr(ane1 f ! beg9n+ ( ! _w1 h f\nd$ _! laws4 ,ev5 ,hea!ns h nev] v5tur$ to make an exception to ?is rule1 unless 9 cases :]e !re 0 no o!r way ( escap+ ! loss ( *a/ity or life1 :5 !y conceiv$1 z ,cic]o tells u1 8t ! law itself seem$ to put its weapons into ! h&s ( ^? :o 7 plac$ 9 su* an em]g5cy40 ,b ) ?is s+le exception1 :i* has no?+ to d ) my pres5t purpose1 t su* a law 0 ev] enact$1 au?oriz+ or tol]at+1 z y h done1 ! practice ( putt+ a man to dea?1 to atone = an insult1 or to avoid ! loss ( honor or prop]ty1 :]e life is n 9 dang] at ! same "t2 t1 fa!rs1 is :at ,i d5y 0 ev] done1 ev5 by infidels4 ,!y h1 on ! contr>y1 mo/ expressly =bidd5 ! practice4 ,! law ( ! ,twelve ,tables ( ,rome bore1 8t x is unlawful to kill a robb] 9 ! day-"t1 :5 he does n def5d himself ) arms20 :i*1 inde$1 _h be5 prohibit$ long be=e 9 ! #bb;d *apt] ( ,exodus4 ,& ! law ,furem1 9 ! ,lex ,cornelia1 :i* is borr[$ f ,ulpian1 =bids ! kill+ ( robb]s ev5 by night1 if !y d n put u 9 dang] ( our lives4#bef ,tell u n[1 fa!rs1 :at au?ority y h to p]mit :at all laws1 human z well z div9e1 h =bidd52 & :o gave ,lessius a "r to use ! foll[+ language8 8,! book ( ,exodus =bids ! kill+ ( ?ieves by day1 :5 !y d n employ arms 9 _! def5ce2 & 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice1 puni%m5t is inflict$ on ^? :o kill "u ^! circum/ances4 ,9 consci5ce1 h[ev]1 no blame c be atta*$ to ?is practice1 :5 a p]son is n sure ( be+ able o!rwise to recov] 8 /ol5 goods1 or ent]ta9s a d\bt on ! subject1 z ,sotus expresses x2 = he is n oblig$ to run ! risk ( los+ any "p ( 8 prop]ty m]ely to save ! life ( a robb]4 ,! same privilege ext5ds ev5 to cl]gym540#beg ,su* extraord9>y assurance6 ,! law ( ,moses puni%es ^? :o kill a ?ief :5 he does n ?reat5 our lives1 & ! law ( ! ,gospel1 accord+ to y1 w absolve !m6 ,:at1 fa!rs6 has ,jesus ,*ri/ come to de/roy ! law1 & n to fulfil x8 8,! civil judge10 says ,lessius1 8w\ld inflict puni%m5t on ^? :o %\ld kill "u su* circum/ances2 b no blame c be atta*$ to ! de$ 9 consci5ce40 ,mu/ we conclude1 !n1 t ! morality ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is m sangu9>y1 & less ! enemy ( murd]1 ?an t ( ,pagans1 f :om our judges h borr[$ _! civil laws :i* condemn t crime8 ,d ,*ri/ians make m acc\nt ( ! good ?+s ( ?is e>?1 & less acc\nt ( human life1 ?an infidels & idolat]s8 ,on :at pr9ciple d y proce$1 fa!rs8 ,assur$ly n ^u any law t ev] 0 enact$ ei!r by ,god or man--on no?+1 inde$1 b ?is extraord9>y reason+3 8,! laws10 say y1 8p]mit u to def5d ourselves aga9/ robb]s1 & to repel =ce by =ce2 self-def5ce1 !re=e1 be+ p]mitt$1 x foll[s t murd]1 )\t :i* self-def5ce is (t5 impracticable1 may be consid]$ z p]mitt$ also40 ,x is false1 fa!rs1 t because self-def5ce is all[$1 murd] may be all[$ also4 ,?is b>b>\s me?od ( self-v9dication lies at ! root ( all y\r errors1 & has be5 ju/ly /igmatiz$ by ! ,faculty ( ,l\va91 9 _! c5sure ( ! doctr9e ( y\r fri5d ,fa!r ,lamy1 z 8a murd]\s def5ce--def5sio occisiva40 ,i ma9ta9 t ! laws recognize su* a wide diff]5ce betwe5 murd] & self-def5ce1 t 9 ^? v cases 9 :i* ! latt] is sanction$1 !y h made a provision aga9/ murd]1 :5 ! p]son is 9 no dang] ( 8 life4 ,read ! words1 fa!rs1 z !y run 9 ! same passage ( ,cujas3 8,x is lawful to repulse ! p]son :o comes to invade our prop]ty2 b we are n p]mitt$ to kill him40 ,& aga93 8,if any %\ld ?reat5 to /rike u1 & n to deprive u ( life1 x is q all[able to repulse him2 b x is aga9/ all law to put him to dea?40 ,:o1 !n1 has giv5 y a "r to say1 z ,mol9a1 ,reg9ald1 ,filiutius1 ,escob>1 ,lessius1 & o!rs among y1 h said1 8t x is lawful to kill ! man :o (f]s to /rike u a bl[80 or1 8t x is lawful to take ! life ( "o :o means to insult u1 by ! common cons5t ( all ! casui/s10 z ,lessius says4 ,by :at au?ority d y1 :o are m]e private individuals1 conf] ^u o!r private individuals1 n except+ cl]gym51 ?is "r ( kill+ & slay+8 ,& h[ d>e y usurp ! p[] ( life & dea?1 :i* belongs ess5tially to none b ,god1 & :i* is ! mo/ glori\s m>k ( sov]eign au?ority8 ,^! are ! po9ts t dem& explanation2 & yet y conceive t y h furni%$ a triumphant reply to ! :ole1 by simply rem>k+1 9 y\r ?irte5? ,impo/ure1 8t ! value = :i* ,mol9a p]mits u to kill a ?ief1 :o flies )\t hav+ done u any viol5ce1 is n s small z ,i h said1 & t x mu/ be a mu* l>g] sum ?an six ducats60 ,h[ extremely silly6 ,pray1 fa!rs1 :]e w\ld y h ! price to be fix$8 ,at fifte5 or sixte5 ducats8 ,d n suppose t ?is w produce any abatem5t 9 my accusations4 ,at all ev5ts1 y _c make x exce$ ! value ( a horse2 = ,lessius is cle>ly ( op9ion1 8t we may lawfully kill ! ?ief t runs (f ) our horse40#beh ,b ,i mu/ tell y1 moreov]1 t ,i 0 p]fectly correct :5 ,i said t ,mol9a e/imates ! value ( ! ?ief's life at six ducats2 &1 if y w n take x ^u my ^w1 we %all ref] x to an umpire1 to :om y _c object4 ,! p]son :om ,i fix ^u = ?is (fice is y\r own ,fa!r ,reg9ald1 :o1 9 8 explanation ( ! same passage ( ,mol9a 7l4 #bh1 n4 #fh71 decl>es t 8,mol9a !re ,,det]m9es ! sum = :i* x is n all[able to kill at ?ree1 or f\r1 or five ducats40 ,& ?us1 fa!rs1 ,i %all h ,reg9ald 9 addition to ,mol9a1 to be> me out4 ,x w be equally easy = me to refute y\r f\rte5? ,impo/ure1 t\*+ ,mol9a's p]mission to 8kill a ?ief :o (f]s to rob u ( a cr[n40 ,?is palpable fact is atte/$ by ,escob>1 :o tells u 8t ,mol9a has regul>ly det]m9$ ! sum = :i* x is lawful to take away life1 at "o cr[n40#bei ,& all y h to lay to my *>ge 9 ! f\rte5? impo/ure is1 t ,i h suppress$ ! la/ words ( ?is passage1 namely1 8t 9 ?is matt] e "o ought to /udy ! mod]ation ( a j self-def5ce40 ,:y d y n compla9 t ,escob> has also omitt$ to m5tion ^! words8 ,b h[ little tact y h ab\t y6 ,y imag9e t nobody und]/&s :at y mean by self-def5ce4 ,don't we "k t x is to employ 8a murd]\s def5ce80 ,y w\ld p]suade u t ,mol9a meant to say1 t if a p]son1 9 def5d+ 8 cr[n1 f9ds himself 9 dang] ( 8 life1 he is !n at lib]ty to kill 8 assailant1 9 self-pres]vation4 ,if t 7 true1 fa!rs1 :y %\ld ,mol9a say 9 ! same place1 t 89 ?is matt] he 0 ( a contr>y judgm5t f ,c>r] & ,bald10 :o give p]mission to kill 9 self-pres]vation8 ,i repeat1 !re=e1 t 8 pla9 mean+ is1 t provid$ ! p]son c save 8 cr[n )\t kill+ ! ?ief1 he ought n to kill him2 b t1 if he _c secure 8 object )\t %$d+ blood1 ev5 ?\gh he %\ld run no risk ( 8 own life1 z 9 ! case ( ! robb] be+ un>m$1 he is p]mitt$ to take up arms & kill ! man1 9 ord] to save 8 cr[n2 & 9 s do+1 accord+ to him1 ! p]son does n transgress 8! mod]ation ( a j def5ce40 ,to %[ y t ,i am 9 ! "r1 j all[ him to expla9 himself3 8,"o does n exce$ ! mod]ation ( a j def5ce10 says he1 8:5 he takes up arms aga9/ a ?ief :o has none1 or employs weapons :i* give him ! advantage ov] 8 assailant4 ,i "k !re are "s :o are ( a contr>y judgm5t2 b ,i d n approve ( _! op9ion1 ev5 9 ! ext]nal tribunal40#bfj ,?us1 fa!rs1 x is unque/ionable t y\r au?ors h giv5 p]mission to kill 9 def5ce ( prop]ty & honor1 ?\gh life %\ld be p]fectly free f dang]4 ,& x is ^u ! same pr9ciple t !y au?orize duell+1 z ,i h %[n by a great v>iety ( passages f _! writ+s1 to :i* y h made no reply4 ,y h animadv]t$ 9 y\r writ+s only on a s+le passage tak5 f ,fa!r ,layman1 :o sanctions ! above practice1 8:5 o!rwise a p]son w\ld be 9 dang] ( sacrific+ 8 =tune or 8 honor20 & "h y accuse me ) hav+ suppress$ :at he adds1 8t su* a case happ5s v r>ely40 ,y a/oni% me1 fa!rs3 ^! are really curi\s impo/ures y *>ge me )al4 ,y talk z if ! "q 71 ,:e!r t is a r>e case8 :5 ! real "q is1 ,if1 9 su* a case1 duell+ is lawful8 ,^! are two v diff]5t que/ions4 ,layman1 9 ! quality ( a casui/1 ought to judge :e!r duell+ is lawful 9 ! case suppos$2 & he decl>es t x is4 ,we c judge )\t 8 assi/ance1 :e!r ! case be a r>e "o2 & we c tell him t x is a v ord9>y "o4 ,or1 if y pref] ! te/imony ( y\r good fri5d ,diana1 he w tell y t 8! case is exce$+ly common40#bfa ,b be x r>e or n1 & let x be grant$ t ,layman foll[s 9 ?is ! example ( ,nav>re1 a circum/ance on :i* y lay s mu* /ress1 is x n %ameful t he %\ld cons5t to su* an op9ion z t1 to pres]ve a false honor1 x is lawful 9 consci5ce to accept ( a *all5ge1 9 ! face ( ! edicts ( all ,*ri/ian /ates1 & ( all ! canons ( ! ,*ur*1 :ile1 9 support ( ^! diabolical maxims1 y c produce nei!r laws1 nor canons1 nor au?orities f ,scripture1 or f ! fa!rs1 nor ! example ( a s+le sa9t1 nor1 9 %ort1 any?+ b ! foll[+ impi\s syllogism3 8,honor is m ?an life3 x is all[able to kill 9 def5ce ( life2 !re=e x is all[able to kill 9 def5ce ( honor60 ,:at1 fa!rs6 because ! depravity ( m5 disposes !m to pref] t factiti\s honor be=e ! life :i* ,god ha? giv5 !m to be devot$ to 8 s]vice1 mu/ !y be p]mitt$ to murd] "o ano!r = its pres]vation8 ,to love t honor m ?an life1 is 9 itself a he9\s evil2 & yet ?is vici\s passion1 :i*1 :5 propos$ z ! end ( our conduct1 is en\gh to t>ni% ! holie/ ( actions1 is consid]$ by y capable ( sanctify+ ! mo/ crim9al ( !m6 ,:at a subv]sion ( all pr9ciple is "h1 fa!rs6 ,& :o does n see to :at atroci\s excesses x may lead8 ,x is obvi\s1 inde$1 t x w ultimately lead to ! commission ( murd] = ! mo/ trifl+ ?+s imag9able1 :5 "o's honor is consid]$ to be /ak$ = _! pres]vation--murd]1 ,i v5ture to say1 ev5 = an apple6 ,y might compla9 ( me1 fa!rs1 = draw+ sangu9>y inf]5ces f y\r doctr9e ) a malici\s int5t1 7 ,i n =tunately support$ by ! au?ority ( ! grave ,lessius1 :o makes ! foll[+ obs]vation1 9 numb] #fh3 8,x is n all[able to take life = an article ( small value1 su* z = a cr[n or = an apple--aut pro pomo--unless x w\ld be deem$ di%onorable to lose x4 ,9 ?is case1 "o may recov] ! article1 & ev51 if necess>y1 kill ! aggressor2 = ?is is n s mu* def5d+ "o's prop]ty z retriev+ "o's honor40 ,?is is pla9 speak+1 fa!rs2 &1 j to cr[n y\r doctr9e ) a maxim :i* includes all ! re/1 all[ me to quote ! foll[+ f ,fa!r ,h]eau1 :o has tak5 x f ,lessius3 8,! "r ( self-def5ce ext5ds to :atev] is necess>y to protect ourselves f all injury40 ,:at /range consequ5ces does ?is inhuman pr9ciple involve6 & h[ imp]ative is ! obligation laid ^u all1 & especially ^u ^? 9 public /ations1 to set _! face aga9/ x6 ,n ! g5]al good alone1 b _! own p]sonal int]e/ %\ld engage !m to see well to x2 = ! casui/s ( y\r s*ool :om ,i h cit$ 9 my lett]s1 ext5d _! p]missions to kill f> en\gh to rea* ev5 !m4 ,facti\s m51 :o dread ! puni%m5t ( _! outrages1 :i* nev] appe> to !m 9 a crim9al light1 easily p]suade !mselves t !y are ! victims ( viol5t oppression1 & w be l$ to believe at ! same "t1 8t ! "r ( self-def5ce ext5ds to :atev] is necess>y to protect !mselves f all injury40 ,& ?us1 reliev$ f cont5d+ aga9/ ! *ecks ( consci5ce1 :i* /ifle ! great] numb] ( crimes at _! bir?1 _! only anxiety w be to surm\nt ext]nal ob/acles4 ,i %all say no m on ?is subject1 fa!rs2 nor %all ,i dwell on ! o!r murd]s1 /ill m odi\s & important to gov]nm5ts1 :i* y sanction1 & ( :i* ,lessius1 9 common ) _m o!rs ( y\r au?ors1 treats 9 ! mo/ unres]v$ mann]4#bfb ,x 0 to be wi%$ t ^! horrible maxims _h nev] f\nd _! way out ( hell2 & t ! devil1 :o is _! orig9al au?or1 _h nev] discov]$ m5 suffici5tly devot$ to 8 w to publi% !m among ,*ri/ians4#bfc ,f all t ,i h hi!rto said1 x is easy to judge :at a contr>iety !re is betwixt ! lic5ti\sness ( y\r op9ions & ! sev]ity ( civil laws1 n ev5 except+ ^? ( hea!ns4 ,h[ mu* m app>5t mu/ ! contra/ be ) ecclesia/ical laws1 :i* mu/ be incomp>ably m holy ?an any o!r1 s9ce x is ! ,*ur* alone t kn[s & possesses ! true hol9ess6 ,accord+ly1 ?is *a/e sp\se ( ! ,son ( ,god1 :o1 9 imitation ( h] heav5ly husb&1 c %$ h] own blood = o!rs1 b nev] ! blood ( o!rs = h]self1 ent]ta9s a horror at ! crime ( murd] altoge!r s+ul>1 & proportion$ to ! peculi> illum9ation :i* ,god has v\*saf$ to be/[ ^u h]4 ,%e views man1 n simply z man1 b z ! image ( ! ,god :om %e adores4 ,%e feels = e "o ( ! race a holy respect1 :i* imp>ts to him1 9 h] eyes1 a v5]able "*1 z r$eem$ by an inf9ite price1 to be made ! temple ( ! liv+ ,god4 ,& !re=e %e consid]s ! dea? ( a man1 sla9 )\t ! au?ority ( 8 ,mak]1 n z murd] only1 b z sacrilege1 by :i* %e is depriv$ ( "o ( h] memb]s2 = :e!r he be a believ] or an unbeliev]1 %e uni=mly looks ^u him1 if n z "o1 at lea/ z capable ( becom+ "o1 ( h] own *ildr54#bfd ,su*1 fa!rs1 are ! holy reasons :i*1 ev] s9ce ! "t t ,god became man = ! r$emption ( m51 h r5d]$ _! condition an object ( su* consequ5ce to ! ,*ur*1 t %e uni=mly puni%es ! crime ( homicide1 n only z de/ructive to !m1 b z "o ( ! grosse/ outrages t c possibly be p]petrat$ aga9/ ,god4 ,9 pro( ( ?is ,i %all quote "s examples1 n f ! idea t all ! sev]ities to :i* ,i ref] ought to be kept up 7= ,i am aw>e t ! ,*ur* may alt] ! arrangem5t ( su* ext]ior discipl9e71 b to demon/rate h] immutable _s ^u ?is subject4 ,! p5ances :i* %e orda9s = murd] may diff] accord+ to ! div]sity ( ! times1 b no *ange ( "t c ev] effect an alt]ation ( ! horror ) :i* %e reg>ds ! crime itself4 ,= a long "t ! ,*ur* refus$ to be reconcil$1 till ! v h\r ( dea?1 to ^? :o _h be5 guilty ( wilful murd]1 z ^? are to :om y give y\r sanction4 ,! celebrat$ ,c\ncil ( ,ancyra adjudg$ !m to p5ance dur+ _! :ole lifetime2 &1 subsequ5tly1 ! ,*ur* deem$ x an act ( suffici5t indulg5ce to r$uce t t]m to a great _m ye>s4 ,b1 /ill m effectually to det] ,*ri/ians f wilful murd]1 %e has visit$ ) mo/ sev]e puni%m5t ev5 ^? acts :i* h be5 committ$ ?r\gh inadv]t5ce1 z may be se5 9 ,/4 ,basil1 9 ,/4 ,gregory ( ,nyss51 & 9 ! decretals ( ,popes ,za*>y & ,alex&] ,,ii4 ,! canons quot$ by ,isaac1 bi%op ( ,langres 7tr4 #b4 #ac71 8orda9 sev5 ye>s ( p5ance = hav+ kill$ ano!r 9 self-def5ce40 ,& we f9d ,/4 ,hildeb]t1 bi%op ( ,mans1 reply+ to ,yves de ,*>tres1 8t he 0 "r 9 int]dict+ = life a prie/ :o _h1 9 self-def5ce1 kill$ a robb] ) a /one40 ,aft] ?is1 y _c h ! assurance to p]si/ 9 say+ t y\r decisions are agreeable to ! _s or ! canons ( ! ,*ur*4 ,i defy y to %[ "o ( !m t p]mits u to kill solely 9 def5ce ( our prop]ty 7= ,i speak n ( cases 9 :i* "o may be call$ ^u to def5d 8 life--se suaqae lib]&o73 y\r own au?ors1 &1 among ! re/1 ,fa!r ,lamy1 confess t no su* canon c be f\nd4 8,!re is no au?ority10 he says1 8human or div9e1 :i* gives an express p]mission to kill a robb] :o makes no resi/ance40 ,& yet ?is is :at y p]mit mo/ expressly4 ,i defy y to %[ "o ( !m t p]mits u to kill 9 v9dication ( honor1 = a buffet1 = an affront1 or = a sl&]4 ,i defy y to %[ "o ( !m t p]mits ! kill+ ( witnesses1 judges1 or magi/rates1 :atev] inju/ice we may appreh5d f !m4 ,! _s ( ! *ur* is diametrically opposite to ^! s$iti\s maxims1 op5+ ! door to insurrections to :i* ! mob is naturally prone en\gh already4 ,%e has inv>iably taught h] *ildr5 t !y ought n to r5d] evil = evil2 t !y ought to give place unto wra?2 to make no resi/ance to viol5ce2 to give unto e "o 8 due--honor1 tribute1 submission2 to obey magi/rates & sup]iors1 ev5 ?\gh !y %\ld be unju/1 because we ought always to respect 9 !m ! p[] ( t ,god :o has plac$ !m ov] u4 ,%e =bids !m1 /ill m /rongly ?an is done by ! civil law1 to take ju/ice into _! own h&s2 & x is 9 h] _s t ,*ri/ian k+s decl9e do+ s 9 cases ( high treason1 & remit ! crim9als *>g$ ) ?is grave (f5ce into ! h&s ( ! judges1 t !y may be puni%$ accord+ to ! laws & ! =ms ( ju/ice1 :i* 9 ?is matt] exhibit a contra/ to y\r mode ( managem5t1 s /rik+ & complete t x may well make y blu% = %ame4 ,z my disc\rse has tak5 ?is turn1 ,i beg y to foll[ ! comp>ison :i* ,i %all n[ draw betwe5 ! /yle 9 :i* y w\ld dispose ( y\r enemies1 & t 9 :i* ! judges ( ! l& dispose ( crim9als4 ,ev]ybody kn[s1 fa!rs1 t no private individual has a "r to dem& ! dea? ( ano!r individual2 & t ?\gh a man %\ld h ru9$ u1 maim$ our body1 burnt our h\se1 murd]$ our fa!r1 & 0 prep>$1 moreov]1 to assass9ate ourselves1 or ru9 our "*1 our private dem& = ! dea? ( t p]son w\ld n be li/5$ to 9 a c\rt ( ju/ice4 ,public (fic]s h be5 appo9t$ = t purpose1 :o make ! dem& 9 ! "n ( ! k+1 or r1 ,i w\ld say1 9 ! "n ( ,god4 ,n[1 d y conceive1 fa!rs1 t ,*ri/ian legislators h e/abli%$ ?is regulation out ( m]e %[ & grimace8 ,is x n evid5t t _! object 0 to h>monize ! laws ( ! /ate ) ^? ( ! ,*ur*1 & ?us prev5t ! ext]nal practice ( ju/ice f cla%+ ) ! s5tim5ts :i* all ,*ri/ians are b\nd to *]i% 9 _! he>ts8 ,x is easy to see h[ ?is1 :i* =ms ! comm5cem5t ( a civil process1 mu/ /agg] y2 its subsequ5t proc$ure absolutely ov]:elms y4 ,suppose1 !n1 fa!rs1 t ^! (ficial p]sons h dem&$ ! dea? ( ! man :o has committ$ all ! above m5tion$ crimes1 :at is to be done next8 ,w !y in/antly plunge a dagg] 9 8 brea/8 ,no1 fa!rs2 ! life ( man is too important to be ?us dispos$ (2 !y g to "w ) m dec5cy2 ! laws h committ$ x1 n to all sorts ( p]sons1 b exclusively to ! judges1 ^: probity & compet5cy h be5 duly tri$4 ,& is "o judge suffici5t to condemn a man to dea?8 ,no2 x requires sev5 at ! v lea/2 & ( ^! sev5 !re mu/ n be "o :o has be5 injur$ by ! crim9al1 le/ 8 judgm5t %\ld be w>p$ or corrupt$ by passion4 ,y are aw>e also1 fa!rs1 t ! m effectually to secure ! purity ( _! m9ds1 !y devote ! h\rs ( ! morn+ to ^! functions4 ,su* is ! c>e tak5 to prep>e !m = ! solemn action ( devot+ a fell[-creature to dea?2 9 p]=m+ :i* !y occupy ! place ( ,god1 ^: m9i/]s !y are1 appo9t$ to condemn su* only z h incurr$ 8 condemnation4 ,= ! same reason1 to act z fai?ful adm9i/rators ( ! div9e p[] ( tak+ away human life1 !y are b\nd to =m _! judgm5t solely accord+ to ! depositions ( ! witnesses1 & accord+ to all ! o!r =ms prescrib$ to !m2 aft] :i* !y c pron\nce consci5ti\sly only accord+ to law1 & c judge wor?y ( dea? ^? only :om ! law condemns to t p5alty4 ,& !n1 fa!rs1 if ! comm& ( ,god obliges !m to deliv] ov] to puni%m5t ! bodies ( ! unhappy culprits1 ! same div9e /atute b9ds !m to look aft] ! int]e/s ( _! guilty s\ls1 & b9ds !m ! m to ?is j because !y are guilty2 s t !y are n deliv]$ up to execution till aft] !y h be5 af=d$ ! means ( provid+ = _! consci5ces4#bfe ,all ?is is q fair & innoc5t2 & yet1 su* is ! abhorr5ce ( ! ,*ur* to blood1 t %e judges ^? to be incapable ( m9i/]+ at h] alt>s :o h borne any %>e 9 pass+ or execut+ a s5t5ce ( dea?1 accompani$ ?\gh x be ) ^! religi\s circum/ances2 f :i* we may easily conceive :at idea ! ,*ur* ent]ta9s ( murd]4 ,su*1 !n1 be+ ! mann] 9 :i* human life is dispos$ ( by ! legal =ms ( ju/ice1 let u n[ see h[ y dispose ( x4 ,accord+ to y\r mod]n sy/em ( legislation1 !re is b "o judge1 & t judge is no o!r ?an ! (f5d$ p>ty4 ,he is at once ! judge1 ! p>ty1 & ! execution]4 ,he himself dem&s f himself ! dea? ( 8 enemy2 he condemns him1 he executes him on ! spot2 &1 )\t ! lea/ respect ei!r = ! s\l or ! body ( 8 bro!r1 he murd]s & damns him = :om ,jesus ,*ri/ di$2 & all ?is = ! sake ( avoid+ a bl[ on ! *eek1 or a sl&]1 or an (f5sive ^w1 or "s o!r (f5ce ( a simil> nature1 = :i*1 if a magi/rate1 9 ! ex]cise ( legitimate au?ority1 7 condemn+ any to die1 he w\ld himself be impea*$2 =1 9 su* cases1 ! laws are v f> inde$ f condemn+ any to dea?4 ,9 "o ^w1 to cr[n ! :ole ( ?is extravagance1 ! p]son :o kills 8 neighbor 9 ?is /yle1 )\t au?ority1 & 9 ! face ( all law1 contracts no s9 & commits no disord]1 ?\gh he %\ld be religi\s1 & ev5 a prie/6 ,:]e are we1 fa!rs8 ,are ^! really religi\s1 & prie/s1 :o talk 9 ?is mann]8 ,are !y ,*ri/ians8 are !y ,turks8 are !y m58 or are !y demons8 ,& are ^! 8! my/]ies reveal$ by ! ,lamb to 8 ,society80 or are !y n r abom9ations sugge/$ by ! ,dragon to ^? :o take "p ) him8 ,to come to ! po9t ) y1 fa!rs1 :om d y wi% to be tak5 =8--= ! *ildr5 ( ! ,gospel1 or = ! enemies ( ! ,gospel8 ,y mu/ be rang$ ei!r on ! "o side or on ! o!r2 = !re is no m$ium "h4 8,he t is n ) ,jesus ,*ri/ is aga9/ him40 ,into ^! two classes all mank9d are divid$4 ,!re are1 accord+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e1 two peoples & two worlds1 scatt]$ abroad ov] ! e>?4 ,!re is ! _w ( ! *ildr5 ( ,god1 :o =m "o body1 ( :i* ,jesus ,*ri/ is ! k+ & ! head2 & !re is ! _w at enmity ) ,god1 ( :i* ! devil is ! k+ & ! head4 ,h5ce ,jesus ,*ri/ is call$ ! ,k+ & ,god ( ! _w1 because he has ev]y:]e 8 subjects & wor%ipp]s2 & h5ce ! devil is also t]m$ 9 ,scripture ! pr9ce ( ?is _w1 & ! god ( ?is _w1 because he has ev]y:]e 8 ag5ts & 8 slaves4 ,jesus ,*ri/ has impos$ ^u ! ,*ur*1 :i* is 8 empire1 su* laws z he1 9 8 et]nal wisdom1 0 pleas$ to orda92 & ! devil has impos$ on ! _w1 :i* is 8 k+dom1 su* laws z he *ose to e/abli%4 ,jesus ,*ri/ has associat$ honor ) suff]+2 ! devil ) n suff]+4 ,jesus ,*ri/ has told ^? :o are smitt5 on ! "o *eek to turn ! o!r also2 & ! devil has told ^? :o are ?reat5$ ) a buffet to kill ! man t w\ld d !m su* an injury4 ,jesus ,*ri/ pron\nces ^? happy :o %>e 9 8 reproa*2 & ! devil decl>es ^? to be unhappy :o lie "u ignom9y4 ,jesus ,*ri/ says1 ,woe unto y :5 m5 %all speak well ( y6 & ! devil says1 ,woe unto ^? ( :om ! _w does n speak ) e/eem6 ,judge !n1 fa!rs1 to :i* ( ^! k+doms y belong4 ,y h he>d ! language ( ! city ( peace1 ! my/ical ,j]usalem2 & y h he>d ! language ( ! city ( confusion1 :i* ,scripture t]ms 8! spiritual ,sodom40 ,:i* ( ^! two languages d y und]/&8 :i* ( !m d y speak8 ,^? :o are on ! side ( ,jesus ,*ri/ h1 z ,/4 ,paul tea*es u1 ! same m9d :i* 0 also 9 him2 & ^? :o are ! *ildr5 ( ! devil--ex patre diabolo--:o has be5 a murd]] f ! beg9n+1 accord+ to ! say+ ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 foll[ ! maxims ( ! devil4 ,let u he>1 !re=e1 ! language ( y\r s*ool4 ,i put ?is "q to y\r doctors3 ,:5 a p]son has giv5 me a bl[ on ! *eek1 ought ,i r to submit to ! injury ?an kill ! (f5d]8 or may ,i n kill ! man 9 ord] to escape ! affront8 ,kill him by all means--x is q lawful6 exclaim1 9 "o brea?1 ,lessius1 ,mol9a1 ,escob>1 ,reg9ald1 ,filiutius1 ,baldelle1 & o!r ,jesuits4 ,is t ! language ( ,jesus ,*ri/8 ,"o "q m3 ,w\ld ,i lose my honor by tol]at+ a box on ! e>1 )\t kill+ ! p]son t gave x8 8,c !re be a d\bt10 cries ,escob>1 8t s long z a man suff]s ano!r to live :o has giv5 him a buffet1 t man rema9s )\t honor80 ,yes1 fa!rs1 )\t t honor :i* ! devil transfuses1 f 8 own pr\d _s into t ( 8 pr\d *ildr54 ,?is is ! honor :i* has ev] be5 ! idol ( worldly-m9d$ m54 ,= ! pres]vation ( ?is false glory1 ( :i* ! god ( ?is _w is ! appropriate disp5s]1 !y sacrifice _! lives by yield+ to ! madness ( duell+2 _! honor1 by expos+ !mselves to ignom9i\s puni%m5ts2 & _! salvation1 by involv+ !mselves 9 ! p]il ( damnation--a p]il :i*1 accord+ to ! canons ( ! ,*ur*1 deprives !m ev5 ( ,*ri/ian burial4 ,we h reason to ?ank ,god1 h[ev]1 = hav+ enlight5$ ! m9d ( our mon>* ) ideas mu* pur] ?an ^? ( y\r !ology4 ,8 edicts be>+ s sev]ely on ?is subject1 h n made duell+ a crime--!y only puni% ! crime :i* is insep>able f duell+4 ,he has *eck$1 by ! dread ( 8 rigid ju/ice1 ^? :o 7 n re/ra9$ by ! fe> ( ! ju/ice ( ,god2 & 8 piety has taught him t ! honor ( ,*ri/ians consi/s 9 _! obs]vance ( ! m&ates ( ,heav5 & ! rules ( ,*ri/ianity1 & n 9 ! pursuit ( t phantom :i*1 airy & unsub/antial z x is1 y hold to be a legitimate apology = murd]4 ,y\r murd]\s decisions be+ ?us univ]sally dete/$1 x is highly advisable t y %\ld n[ *ange y\r s5tim5ts1 if n f religi\s pr9ciple1 at lea/ f motives ( policy4 ,prev5t1 fa!rs1 by a spontane\s condemnation ( ^! inhuman dogmas1 ! melan*oly consequ5ces :i* may result f !m1 & = :i* y w be responsible4 ,& to impress y\r m9ds ) a deep] horror at homicide1 rememb] t ! fir/ crime ( fall5 man 0 a murd]1 committ$ on ! p]son ( ! fir/ holy man2 t ! greate/ crime 0 a murd]1 p]petrat$ on ! p]son ( ! ,k+ ( sa9ts2 & t ( all crimes1 murd] is ! only "o :i* involves 9 a common de/ruction ! ,*ur* & ! /ate1 nature & religion4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i h j se5 ! answ] ( y\r apologi/ to my ,?irte5? ,lett]2 b if he has no?+ bett] to produce 9 ! %ape ( a reply to t lett]1 :i* obviates ! great] "p ( 8 objections1 he w n des]ve a rejo9d]4 ,i am sorry to see him p]petually digress+ f 8 subject1 to indulge 9 rancor\s abuse bo? ( ! liv+ & ! dead4 ,b1 9 ord] to ga9 "s cr$it to ! /ories ) :i* y h furni%$ him1 y %\ld n h made him publicly disav[ a fact s notori\s z t ( ! buffet ( ,compigne4#bff ,c]ta9 x is1 fa!rs1 f ! deposition ( ! injur$ p>ty1 t he receiv$ ^u 8 *eek a bl[ f ! h& ( a ,jesuit2 & all t y\r fri5ds h be5 able to d = y has be5 to raise a d\bt :e!r he receiv$ ! bl[ ) ! back or ! palm ( ! h&1 & to discuss ! "q :e!r a /roke on ! *eek ) ! back ( ! h& c be prop]ly d5om9at$ a buffet4 ,i "k n to :at tribunal x belongs to decide ?is po9t2 b %all cont5t myself1 9 ! mean "t1 ) believ+ t x 01 to say ! v lea/1 a probable buffet4 ,?is gets me (f ) a safe consci5ce4 ----- ,footnote #bee3 ,city ( ,god1 book i4 *4 #bh4 ,footnote #bef3 ,see ,cujas1 tit4 dig4 de j4 et jur4 ad l4 #c4 ,footnote #beg3 ,l4 #b1 c4 #i1 n4 #ff1 #gb4 ,footnote #beh3 ,l4 ii41 c4 #i1 n4 #gd4 ,footnote #bei3 ,treat4 i41 examp4 #g1 n4 #dd4 ,footnote #bfj3 ,9 casui/ical div9ity1 a di/9ction is drawn betwe5 ! int]nal & ! ext]nal tribunal1 or =um1 z x is call$4 ,! int]nal tribunal1 or ! =um poli1 is t ( consci5ce or ! judgm5t =m$ ( actions accord+ to ! law ( ,god4 ,! ext]nal tribunal1 or ! =um soli1 is t ( human society1 or ! judgm5t ( actions 9 ! e/imation ( m51 & accord+ to civil law4 7,voet4 ,disp4 ,!ol41 iv4 #fb47 ,footnote #bfa3 ,"p4 #e1 tr4 #ai1 misc4 #b1 resol4 #ii4 ,footnote #bfb3 ,d\bts #d? & #aj?4 ,footnote #bfc3 8,i am happy10 says ,nicole1 9 a note1 8to /ate "h an important fact1 :i* conf]s ! highe/ honor on ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,a "w ( consid]able size 0 s5t him be=e go+ to press1 9 :i* !re 0 a collection ( all ! au?orities1 f ,jesuit writ]s1 prejudicial to ! life ( k+s & pr9ces4 ,t celebrat$ doctor prev5t$ ! impression ( ! "w1 on ! gr\nd t x 0 dang]\s = ! life ( mon>*s & = ! honor ( ! ,jesuits t x %\ld ev] see ! light2 &1 9 fact1 ! "w 0 nev] pr9t$4 ,"s o!r writ]1 less delicate ?an ,m4 ,arnauld1 has publi%$ some?+ simil>1 9 a "w entitl$ ,recueil de ,pieces conc]nant l' ,hi/oire de la ,compagnie de ,jesus1 p> le ,p4 ,j\v5ci40 ,footnote #bfd3 ,surely ,pascal is "h describ+ ! ,*ur* ( ,*ri/ z %e ought to be1 & n ! ,*ur* ( ,rome z %e exi/$ 9 #afef1 at ! v "t :5 %e 0 urg+1 sanction+1 & exult+ 9 ! bloody b>b>ities p]petrat$ 9 h] "n on ! poor ,pi$montese2 or ! same ,*ur* z %e appe>$ 9 #aegb1 :5 "o ( h] popes ord]$ a m$al to be /ruck 9 honor ( ! ,b>?olomew massacre1 ) ! inscription1 8,/rages ,hugonot>um--,! massacre ( ! ,hugunots60 ,( :at ,*ur*1 if n ! ,romi%1 c x be said ) tru?1 t1 89 h] 0 f\nd ! blood ( prophets1 & ( sa9ts1 & ( all t 7 sla9 on ! e>?80 ,footnote #bfe3 ,provid+ = _! consci5ces--t is1 = ! relief ( consci5ce1 by confess+ to a prie/1 & receiv+ absolution4 ,footnote #bff3 ,see ,lett] xiii41 p4 #bfd4 ,,lett] ,,xv4#bfg ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1 ,,! ,,jesuits4 ,,%[+ ,,t ,,! ,,jesuits ,,fir/ ,,exclude ,,calumny ,,f ,,_! ,,catalogue ,,( ,,crimes1 ,,& ,,!n ,,employ ,,x ,,9 ,,d5\nc+ ,,_! ,,oppon5ts4 ,novemb] #be1 #afef4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1--,z y\r scurrilities are daily increas+1 & z y are employ+ !m 9 ! m]ciless abuse ( all pi\s p]sons oppos$ to y\r errors1 ,i feel myself oblig$1 = _! sake & t ( ! ,*ur*1 to br+ out t gr& secret ( y\r policy1 :i* ,i promis$ to disclose "s "t ago1 9 ord] t all may "k1 ?r\gh means ( y\r own maxims1 :at degree ( cr$it is due to y\r calumni\s accusations4 ,i am aw>e t ^? :o are n v well acqua9t$ ) y1 are at a great loss :at to ?9k on ?is subject1 z !y f9d !mselves "u ! pa9ful necessity1 ei!r ( believ+ ! incr$ible crimes ) :i* y *>ge y\r oppon5ts1 or 7:at is equally incr$ible7 ( sett+ y d[n z sl&]]s4 8,inde$60 !y exclaim1 87 ^! ?+s n true1 w\ld cl]gym5 publi% !m to ! _w--w\ld !y debau* _! consci5ces & damn !mselves by v5t+ su* libels80 ,su* is _! way ( reason+1 & ?us x is t ! palpable pro( ( y\r falsifications com+ into collision ) _! op9ion ( y\r hone/y1 _! m9ds hang 9 a /ate ( susp5se betwe5 ! evid5ce ( tru? :i* !y _c ga9say1 & ! dem&s ( *>ity :i* !y w\ld n violate4 ,x foll[s1 t s9ce _! high e/eem = y is ! only ?+ t prev5ts !m f discr$it+ y\r calumnies1 if we c succe$ 9 conv9c+ !m t y h q a diff]5t idea ( calumny f t :i* !y suppose y to h1 & t y actually believe t 9 black5+ & defam+ y\r adv]s>ies y are work+ out y\r own salvation1 !re c be little "q t ! weight ( tru? w det]m9e !m imm$iately to pay no reg>d to y\r accusations4 ,?is1 fa!rs1 w be ! subject ( ! pres5t lett]4 ,my design is1 n simply to %[ t y\r writ+s are full ( calumnies3 ,i mean to g a /ep beyond ?is4 ,x is q possible = a p]son to say a numb] ( false ?+s believ+ !m to be true2 b ! "* ( a li> implies ! int5tion to tell lies4 ,n[ ,i und]take to prove1 fa!rs1 t x is y\r delib]ate int5tion to tell lies1 & t x is bo? kn[+ly & purposely t y load y\r oppon5ts ) crimes ( :i* y "k !m to be innoc5t1 because y believe t y may d s )\t fall+ f a /ate ( grace4 ,?\gh y d\btless "k ?is po9t ( y\r morality z well z ,i d1 ?is ne$ n prev5t me f tell+ y ab\t x2 :i* ,i %all d1 7 x = no o!r purpose ?an to conv9ce all m5 ( its exi/5ce1 by %[+ !m t ,i c ma9ta9 x to y\r face1 :ile y _c h ! assurance to disav[ x1 )\t confirm+1 by t v disav[m5t1 ! *>ge :i* ,i br+ aga9/ y4 ,! doctr9e to :i* ,i allude is s common 9 y\r s*ools1 t y h ma9ta9$ x n only 9 y\r books1 b1 su* is y\r assurance1 ev5 9 y\r public !ses2 z1 = example1 9 ^? deliv]$ at ,l\va9 9 ! ye> #afde1 :]e x occurs 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 8,:at is x b a v5ial s9 to calumniate & =ge false accusations to ru9 ! cr$it ( ^? :o speak evil ( u80#bfh ,s settl$ is ?is po9t among y1 t if any "o d>e to oppose x1 y treat him z a blockhead & a h>e-bra9$ idiot4 ,su* 0 ! way 9 :i* y treat$ ,fa!r ,quiroga1 ! ,g]man ,capu*91 :5 he 0 s un=tunate z to impugn ! doctr9e4 ,! poor man 0 in/antly attack$ by ,dica/ille1 "o ( y\r frat]nity2 & ! foll[+ is a specim5 ( ! mann] 9 :i* he manages ! dispute3 8,a c]ta9 rueful-visag$1 b>e-foot$1 c[l$ fri>--cucullatus gymnopoda--:om ,i d n *oose to "n1 _h ! boldness to d5\nce ?is op9ion1 among "s wom5 & ignorant p1 & to allege t x 0 sc&al\s & p]nici\s aga9/ all good mann]s1 ho/ile to ! peace ( /ates & societies1 &1 9 %ort1 contr>y to ! judgm5t n only ( all ,ca?olic doctors1 b ( all true ,ca?olics4 ,b 9 opposition to him ,i ma9ta9$1 z ,i d /ill1 t calumny1 :5 employ$ aga9/ a calumniator1 ?\gh x %\ld be a falsehood1 is n a mortal s91 ei!r aga9/ ju/ice or *>ity3 & to prove ! po9t1 ,i ref]r$ him to ! :ole body ( our fa!rs1 & to :ole univ]sities1 exclusively compos$ ( !m1 :om ,i _h consult$ on ! subject2 & among o!rs ! rev]5d ,fa!r ,john ,gans1 confessor to ! emp]or2 ! rev]5d ,fa!r ,daniel ,ba/ele1 confessor to ! ar*duke ,leopold2 ,fa!r ,h5ri1 :o 0 preceptor to ^! two pr9ces2 all ! public & ord9>y pr(essors ( ! univ]sity ( ,vi5na0 7:olly compos$ ( ,jesuits72 8all ! pr(essors ( ! univ]sity ( ,gratz0 7all ,jesuits72 8all ! pr(essors ( ! univ]sity ( ,prague0 7:]e ,jesuits are ! ma/]s72--8f all ( :om ,i h 9 my possession approbations ( my op9ions1 writt5 & sign$ ) _! own h&s2 besides hav+ on my side ! rev]5d ,fa!r ,panalossa1 a ,jesuit1 prea*] to ! emp]or & ! k+ ( ,spa92 ,fa!r ,pillic]oli1 a ,jesuit1 & _m o!rs1 :o _h all judg$ ?is op9ion to be probable1 be=e our dispute began40#bfi ,y p]ceive1 fa!rs1 t !re are few ( y\r op9ions :i* y h be5 at m pa9s to e/abli% ?an ! pres5t1 z inde$ !re 7 few ( !m ( :i* y /ood m 9 ne$4 ,= ?is reason1 d\btless1 y h au!nticat$ x s well1 t ! casui/s appeal to x z an indubitable pr9ciple4 8,!re c be no d\bt10 says ,c>amuel1 8t x is a probable op9ion t we contract no mortal s9 by calumniat+ ano!r1 9 ord] to pres]ve our own reputation4 ,= x is ma9ta9$ by m ?an tw5ty grave doctors1 by ,gasp>d ,hurtado1 & ,dica/ille1 ,jesuits1 c42 s t1 7 ?is doctr9e n probable1 x w\ld be difficult to f9d any "o su* 9 ! :ole compass ( !ology40 ,wret*$ inde$ mu/ t !ology be1 & rott5 to ! v core1 :i*1 unless x has be5 decid$ to be safe 9 consci5ce to defame our neighbor's "* to pres]ve our own1 c h>dly boa/ ( a safe decision on any o!r po9t6 ,h[ natural is x1 fa!rs1 t ^? :o hold ?is pr9ciple %\ld occasionally put x 9 practice6 ,! corrupt prop5sity ( mank9d leans s /rongly 9 t direction ( itself1 t ! ob/acle ( consci5ce once be+ remov$1 x w\ld be folly to suppose t x w n bur/ =? ) all its native impetuosity4 ,if y desire an example ( ?is1 ,c>amuel w furni% y ) "o t occurs 9 ! same passage3 8,?is maxim ( ,fa!r ,dica/ille10 he says1 8hav+ be5 communicat$ by a ,g]man c\ntess to ! daught]s ( ! empress1 ! belief ?us impress$ on _! m9ds t calumny 0 only a v5ial s91 gave rise 9 ! c\rse ( a few days to su* an imm5se numb] ( false & sc&al\s tales1 t ! :ole c\rt 0 ?r[n into a flame & fill$ ) al>m4 ,x is easy1 inde$1 to conceive :at a f9e use ^! ladies w\ld make ( ! new light !y _h acquir$4 ,matt]s proce$$ to su* a l5g?1 t x 0 f\nd necess>y to call 9 ! assi/ance ( a wor?y ,capu*9 fri>1 a man ( exempl>y life1 call$ ,fa!r ,quiroga0 7! v man :om ,dica/ille rails at s bitt]ly71 8:o assur$ !m t ! maxim 0 mo/ p]nici\s1 especially among wom51 & 0 at ! greate/ pa9s to prevail ^u ! empress to aboli% ! practice ( x entirely40 ,we h no reason1 !re=e1 to be surpris$ at ! bad effects ( ?is doctr9e2 on ! contr>y1 ! wond] w\ld be1 if x _h fail$ to produce !m4 ,self-love is always ready en\gh to :isp] 9 our e>1 :5 we are attack$1 t we suff] wrongfully2 & m p>ticul>ly 9 y\r case1 fa!rs1 :om vanity has bl9d$ s egregi\sly z to make y believe t to w\nd ! honor ( y\r ,society1 is to w\nd t ( ! ,*ur*4 ,!re w\ld h be5 good gr\nd to look on x z some?+ miracul\s1 if y _h n r$uc$ ?is maxim to practice4 ,^? :o d n "k y are ready to say1 ,h[ c\ld ^! good fa!rs sl&] _! enemies1 :5 !y _c d s b at ! exp5se ( _! own salvation8 ,b if !y knew y bett]1 ! "q w\ld be1 ,h[ c\ld ^! good fa!rs =ego ! advantage ( decry+ _! enemies1 :5 !y h x 9 _! p[] to d s )\t haz>d+ _! salvation8 ,let none1 !re=e1 h5ce=? be surpris$ to f9d ! ,jesuits calumniators2 !y c ex]cise ?is vocation ) a safe consci5ce2 !re is no ob/acle 9 heav5 or on e>? to prev5t !m4 ,9 virtue ( ! cr$it !y h acquir$ 9 ! _w1 !y c practise defamation )\t dread+ ! ju/ice ( mortals2 &1 on ! /r5g? ( _! self-assum$ au?ority 9 matt]s ( consci5ce1 !y h inv5t$ maxims = enabl+ !m to d x )\t any fe> ( ! ju/ice ( ,god4 ,?is1 fa!rs1 is ! f]tile s\rce ( y\r base sl&]s4 ,on ?is pr9ciple 0 ,fa!r ,brisaci] l$ to scatt] 8 calumnies ab\t him1 ) su* zeal z to draw d[n on 8 head ! c5sure ( ! late ,ar*bi%op ( ,p>is4 ,actuat$ by ! same motives1 ,fa!r ,d',anj\ laun*$ 8 invectives f ! pulpit ( ! ,*ur* ( ,/4 ,b5$ict 9 ,p>is1 on ! #h? ( ,m>*1 #afee1 aga9/ ^? honorable g5tlem5 :o 7 intru/$ ) ! *>itable funds rais$ = ! poor ( ,pic>dy & ,*ampagne1 to :i* !y !mselves _h l>gely contribut$2 &1 utt]+ a base falsehood1 calculat$ 7if y\r sl&]s _h be5 consid]$ wor?y ( any cr$it7 to dry up ! /ream ( t *>ity1 he _h ! assurance to say1 8t he knew1 f good au?ority1 t c]ta9 p]sons _h div]t$ t money f its prop] use1 to employ x aga9/ ! ,*ur* & ! ,/ate20 a calumny :i* oblig$ ! curate ( ! p>i%1 :o is a doctor ( ! ,sorbonne1 to m\nt ! pulpit ! v next day1 9 ord] to give x ! lie direct4 ,to ! same s\rce mu/ be trac$ ! conduct ( y\r ,fa!r ,crasset1 :o prea*$ calumny at su* a furi\s rate 9 ,orleans t ! ar*bi%op ( t place 0 "u ! necessity ( int]dict+ him z a public sl&]]4 ,9 8 m&ate1 dat$ ! #i? ( ,septemb] la/1 8 lord%ip decl>es1 8,t :]eas he _h be5 in=m$ t ,bro!r ,jean ,crasset1 prie/ ( ! ,society ( ,jesus1 _h deliv]$ f ! pulpit a disc\rse fill$ ) falsehoods & calumnies aga9/ ! ecclesia/ics ( ?is city1 falsely & malici\sly *>g+ !m ) ma9ta9+ impi\s & h]etical propositions1 su* z1 ,t ! comm&m5ts ( ,god are impracticable2 t int]nal grace is irresi/ible2 t ,jesus ,*ri/ did n die = all m52 & o!rs ( a simil> k9d1 condemn$ by ,innoc5t ,x43 he !re=e h]eby int]dicts ! a=esaid ,crasset f prea*+ 9 8 diocese1 & =bids all 8 p to he> him1 on pa9 ( mortal disob$i5ce40 ,! above1 fa!rs1 is y\r ord9>y accusation1 & g5]ally among ! fir/ t y br+ aga9/ all :om x is y\r int]e/ to d5\nce4 ,& al?\gh y %\ld f9d x z impossible to sub/antiate ! *>ge aga9/ any ( !m1 z ,fa!r ,crasset did 9 ! case ( ! cl]gy ( ,orleans1 y\r peace ( consci5ce w n be 9 ! lea/ di/urb$ on t acc\nt2 = y believe t ?is mode ( calumniat+ y\r adv]s>ies is p]mitt$ y ) su* c]ta9ty1 t y h no scruple to av[ x 9 ! mo/ public mann]1 & 9 ! face ( a :ole city4 ,a rem>kable pro( ( ?is may be se5 9 ! dispute y _h ) ,m4 ,puys1 curate ( ,/4 ,nisi] at ,lyons2 & ! /ory exhibits s complete an illu/ration ( y\r _s1 t ,i %all take ! lib]ty ( relat+ "s ( its lead+ circum/ances4 ,y "k1 fa!rs1 t1 9 ! ye> #afdi1 ,m4 ,puys translat$ into ,fr5* an excell5t book1 writt5 by ano!r ,capu*9 fri>1 8,on ! duty :i* ,*ri/ians owe to _! own p>i%es1 aga9/ ^? t w\ld lead !m away f !m10 )\t us+ a s+le invective1 or po9t+ to any monk or any ord] ( monks 9 p>ticul>4 ,y\r fa!rs1 h[ev]1 7 pleas$ to put ! cap on _! own heads2 & )\t any respect to an ag$ pa/or1 a judge 9 ! ,primacy ( ,france1 & a man :o 0 held 9 ! highe/ e/eem by ! :ole city1 ,fa!r ,alby wrote a furi\s tract aga9/ him1 :i* y sold 9 y\r own *ur* ^u ,assumption-day2 9 :i* book1 among o!r v>i\s *>ges1 he accus$ him ( hav+ 8made himself sc&al\s by 8 gallantries10 describ$ him z suspect$ ( hav+ no religion1 z a h]etic1 excommunicat$1 &1 9 %ort1 wor?y ( ! /ake4 ,to ?is ,m4 ,puys made a reply2 & ,fa!r ,alby1 9 a second publication1 support$ 8 =m] allegations4 ,n[1 fa!rs1 is x n a cle> po9t1 ei!r t y 7 calumniators1 or t y believ$ all t y alleg$ aga9/ t wor?y prie/ to be true2 & t1 on ?is latt] assumption1 x became y to see him purifi$ f all ^! abom9ations be=e judg+ him wor?y ( y\r fri5d%ip8 ,let u see1 !n1 :at happ5$ at ! accommodation ( ! dispute1 :i* took place 9 ! pres5ce ( a great numb] ( ! pr9cipal inhabitants ( ! t[n1 ^: names w be f\nd at ! foot ( ! page1#bgj exactly z !y are set d[n 9 ! in/rum5t drawn up on ! #be? ( ,septemb]1 #afej4 ,be=e all ^! witnesses ,m4 ,puys made a decl>ation1 :i* 0 nei!r m nor less ?an ?is3 8,t :at he _h writt5 0 n direct$ aga9/ ! fa!rs ( ! ,society ( ,jesus2 t he _h spok5 9 g5]al ( ^? :o ali5at$ ! fai?ful f _! p>i%es1 )\t mean+ by t to attack ! ,society2 & t s f> f hav+ su* an int5tion1 ! ,society 0 ! object ( 8 e/eem & affection40 ,by virtue ( ^! words alone1 )\t ei!r retractation or absolution1 ,m4 ,puys recov]$1 all at once1 f 8 apo/asy1 8 sc&als1 & 8 excommunication2 & ,fa!r ,alby imm$iately !reaft] address$ him 9 ! foll[+ express t]ms3 8,sir1 x 0 9 consequ5ce ( my believ+ t y meant to attack ! ,society to :i* ,i h ! honor to belong1 t ,i 0 induc$ to take up ! p5 9 its def5ce2 & ,i consid]$ t ! mode ( reply :i* ,i adopt$ 0 su* z ,i 0 p]mitt$ to employ4 ,b1 on a bett] und]/&+ ( y\r int5tion1 ,i am n[ free to decl>e1 t !re is no?+ 9 y\r "w to prev5t me f reg>d+ y z a man ( g5ius1 enlight5$ 9 judgm5t1 pr(\nd & or?odox 9 doctr9e1 & irreproa*able 9 mann]s2 9 "o ^w1 z a pa/or wor?y ( y\r ,*ur*4 ,x is ) mu* pleasure t ,i make ?is decl>ation1 & ,i beg ^! g5tlem5 to rememb] :at ,i h n[ said40 ,!y d rememb] x1 fa!rs2 &1 all[ me to add1 !y 7 m sc&aliz$ by ! reconciliation ?an by ! qu>rel4 ,= :o c fail to admire ?is spee* ( ,fa!r ,alby8 ,he does n say t he retracts1 9 consequ5ce ( hav+ le>nt t a *ange _h tak5 place 9 ! fai? & mann]s ( ,m4 ,puys1 b solely because1 hav+ und]/ood t he _h no int5tion ( attack+ y\r ,society1 !re 0 no?+ fur!r to prev5t him f reg>d+ ! au?or z a good ,ca?olic4 ,he did n !n believe him to be actually a h]etic6 ,& yet1 aft] hav+1 contr>y to 8 conviction1 accus$ him ( ?is crime1 he w n ackn[l$ge he 0 9 ! wrong1 b has ! h>dihood to say1 t he consid]$ ! me?od he adopt$ to be 8su* z he 0 p]mitt$ to employ60 ,:at c y possibly mean1 fa!rs1 by s publicly av[+ ! fact1 t y measure ! fai? & ! virtue ( m5 only by ! s5tim5ts !y ent]ta9 t[>ds y\r ,society8 ,_h y no appreh5sion ( mak+ y\rselves pass1 by y\r own ackn[l$gm5t1 z a b& ( sw9dl]s & sl&]]s8 ,:at1 fa!rs6 mu/ ! same individual1 )\t und]go+ any p]sonal trans=mation1 b simply accord+ z y judge him to h honor$ or assail$ y\r community1 be 8pi\s0 or 8impi\s10 8irreproa*able0 or 8excommunicat$10 8a pa/or wor?y ( ! ,*ur*0 or 8wor?y ( ! /ake20 9 %ort1 8a ,ca?olic0 or 8a h]etic80 ,to attack y\r ,society & to be a h]etic1 are1 !re=e1 9 y\r language1 conv]tible t]ms6 ,an odd sort ( h]esy ?is1 fa!rs6 ,& s x w\ld appe>1 t :5 we see _m good ,ca?olics br&$1 9 y\r writ+s1 by ! "n ( h]etics1 x means no?+ m ?an t y ?9k !y attack y6 ,x is well1 fa!rs1 t we und]/& ?is /range dialect1 accord+ to :i* !re c be no d\bt t ,i mu/ be a great h]etic4 ,x is 9 ?is s5se1 !n1 t y s (t5 favor me ) ?is appellation6 ,y\r sole reason = cutt+ me (f f ! ,*ur* is1 because y conceive t my lett]s h done y h>m2 &1 accord+ly1 all t ,i h to d1 9 ord] to become a good ,ca?olic1 is ei!r to approve ( y\r extravagant morality1 or to conv9ce y t my sole aim 9 expos+ x has be5 y\r advantage4 ,! =m] ,i c\ld n d )\t r5\nc+ e s5tim5t ( piety t ,i ev] possess$2 & ! latt] y w be sl[ to ackn[l$ge till y are well cur$ ( y\r errors4 ,?us am ,i involv$ 9 h]esy1 aft] a v s+ul> fa%ion2 =1 ! purity ( my fai? be+ ( no avail = my exculpation1 ,i h no means ( escap+ f ! *>ge1 except ei!r by turn+ traitor to my own consci5ce1 or by re=m+ y\rs4 ,till "o or o!r ( ^! ev5ts happ51 ,i mu/ rema9 a reprobate & a sl&]]2 &1 let me be ev] s fai?ful 9 my citations f y\r writ+s1 y w g ab\t cry+ ev]y:]e1 8,:at an in/rum5t ( ! devil mu/ t man be1 to impute to u ?+s ( :i* !re is n ! lea/ m>k or ve/ige to be f\nd 9 our books60 ,&1 by do+ s1 y w only be act+ 9 con=mity ) y\r fix$ maxim & y\r ord9>y practice3 to su* latitude does y\r privilege ( tell+ lies ext5d6 ,all[ me to give y an example ( ?is1 :i* ,i select on purpose3 x w give me an opportunity ( reply+1 at ! same "t1 to y\r n9? ,impo/ure3 =1 9 tru?1 !y only des]ve to be refut$ 9 pass+4 ,ab\t t5 or twelve ye>s ago1 y 7 accus$ ( hold+ t maxim ( ,fa!r ,bauny1 8t x is p]missible to seek directly 7primo et p] se7 a proximate occasion ( s91 = ! spiritual or temporal good ( ourselves or our neighbor0 7tr4 #d1 q4 #ad72 z an example ( :i*1 he obs]ves1 8,x is all[able to visit infam\s places1 = ! purpose ( conv]t+ ab&on$ females1 ev5 al?\gh ! practice %\ld be v likely to lead into s91 z 9 ! case ( "o :o has f\nd f exp]i5ce t he has frequ5tly yield$ to _! temptations40 ,:at answ] did y\r ,fa!r ,causs9 give to ?is *>ge 9 ! ye> #afdd8 8,j let any "o look at ! passage 9 ,fa!r ,bauny10 said he1 8let him p]use ! page1 ! m>g9s1 ! preface1 ! app5dix1 9 %ort1 ! :ole book f beg9n+ to end1 & he w n discov] ! slighte/ ve/ige ( su* a s5t5ce1 :i* c\ld only ent] into ! m9d ( a man totally devoid ( consci5ce1 & c\ld h>dly h be5 =g$ by any o!r b an in/rum5t ( ,satan40#bga ,fa!r ,p9t]eau talks 9 ! same /yle3 8,t man mu/ be lo/ to all consci5ce :o w\ld tea* s dete/able a doctr9e2 b he mu/ be worse ?an a devil :o attributes x to ,fa!r ,bauny4 ,read]1 !re is n a s+le trace or ve/ige ( x 9 ! :ole ( 8 book40#bgb ,:o w\ld n believe t p]sons talk+ 9 ?is tone h good reason to compla91 & t ,fa!r ,bauny has1 9 v de$1 be5 misrepres5t$8 ,h y ev] ass]t$ any?+ aga9/ me 9 /rong] t]ms8 ,&1 aft] su* a solemn assev]ation1 t 8!re 0 n a s+le trace or ve/ige ( x 9 ! :ole book10 :o w\ld imag9e t ! passage is to be f\nd1 ^w = ^w1 9 ! place ref]r$ to8 ,truly1 fa!rs1 if ?is be ! means ( secur+ y\r reputation1 s long z y rema9 unansw]$1 x is also1 un=tunately1 ! means ( de/roy+ x =ev]1 s soon z an answ] makes its appe>ance4 ,= s c]ta9 is x t y told a lie at ! p]iod be=e m5tion$1 t y make no scruple ( ackn[l$g+1 9 y\r apologies ( ! pres5t day1 t ! maxim 9 "q is to be f\nd 9 ! v place :i* _h be5 quot$2 & :at is mo/ extraord9>y1 ! same maxim :i*1 twelve ye>s ago1 0 8dete/able10 has n[ become s innoc5t1 t 9 y\r n9? ,impo/ure 7p4 #aj7 y accuse me ( 8ignorance & malice1 9 qu>rell+ ) ,fa!r ,bauny = an op9ion :i* has n be5 reject$ 9 ! ,s*ool40 ,:at an advantage x is1 fa!rs1 to h to d ) p t deal 9 contradictions6 ,i ne$ n ! aid ( any b y\rselves to confute y2 = ,i h only two ?+s to %[--fir/1 ,t ! maxim 9 dispute is a wor?less "o2 &1 secondly1 ,t x belongs to ,fa!r ,bauny2 & ,i c prove bo? by y\r own confession4 ,9 #afdd1 y confess$ t x 0 8dete/able20 &1 9 #afef1 y av[ t x is ,fa!r ,bauny's4 ,?is d\ble ackn[l$gm5t completely ju/ifies me1 fa!rs2 b x does m1 x discov]s ! _s ( y\r policy4 ,=1 tell me1 pray1 :at is ! end y propose to y\rselves 9 y\r writ+s8 ,is x to speak ) hone/y8 ,no1 fa!rs2 t _c be1 s9ce y\r def5ces de/roy ea* o!r4 ,is x to foll[ ! tru? ( ! fai?8 ,z little c ?is be y\r end2 s9ce1 accord+ to y\r own %[+1 y au?orize a 8dete/able0 maxim4 ,b1 be x obs]v$1 t :ile y said ! maxim 0 8dete/able10 y d5i$1 at ! same "t1 t x 0 ! prop]ty ( ,fa!r ,bauny1 & s he 0 innoc5t2 & :5 y n[ ackn[l$ge x to be 81 y ma9ta91 at ! same "t1 t x is a good maxim1 & s he is innoc5t /ill4 ,! innoc5ce ( ?is monk1 !re=e1 be+ ! only ?+ common to y\r two answ]s1 x is obvi\s t ?is 0 ! sole end :i* y aim$ at 9 putt+ !m =?2 & t1 :5 y say ( "o & ! same maxim1 t x is 9 a c]ta9 book1 & t x is n2 t x is a good maxim1 & t x is a bad "o2 y\r sole object is to :ite-wa% "s "o or o!r ( y\r frat]nity2 judg+ 9 ! matt]1 n accord+ to ! tru?1 :i* nev] *anges1 b accord+ to y\r own int]e/1 :i* is v>y+ e h\r4 ,c ,i say m ?an ?is8 ,y p]ceive t x am\nts to a demon/ration2 b x is f> f be+ a s+ul> in/ance2 &1 to omit a multitude ( examples ( ! same ?+1 ,i believe y w be cont5t$ ) my quot+ only "o m4 ,y h be5 *>g$1 at diff]5t times1 ) ano!r proposition ( ! same ,fa!r ,bauny1 namely1 8,t absolution ought to be nei!r d5i$ nor def]r$ 9 ! case ( ^? :o live 9 ! habits ( s9 aga9/ ! law ( ,god1 ( nature1 & ( ! ,*ur*1 al?\gh !re %\ld be no app>5t prospect ( future am5dm5t--etsi em5dationis futur spes nulla app>eat40#bgc ,n[1 ) reg>d to ?is maxim1 ,i beg y to tell me1 fa!rs1 :i* ( ! apologies t h be5 made = x is mo/ to y\r lik+2 :e!r t ( ,fa!r ,p9t]eau1 or t ( ,fa!r ,brisaci]1 bo? ( y\r ,society1 :o h def5d$ ,fa!r ,bauny1 9 y\r two diff]5t modes--! "o by condemn+ ! proposition1 b disav[+ x to be ,fa!r ,bauny's2 ! o!r by all[+ x to be ,fa!r ,bauny's1 b v9dicat+ ! proposition8 ,li/51 !n1 to _! respective deliv]ances4 ,"h comes t ( ,fa!r ,p9t]eau 7p4 #h73 8,i "k n :at c be call$ a transgression ( all ! b\nds ( mode/y1 a /ep beyond all ord9>y impud5ce1 if ! imputation to ,fa!r ,bauny ( s damnable a doctr9e is n wor?y ( t designation4 ,judge1 read]1 ( ! bas5ess ( t calumny2 see :at sort ( creatures ! ,jesuits h to deal )2 & say1 if ! au?or ( s f\l a sl&] does n des]ve to be reg>d$ f h5ce=? z ! int]pret] ( ! fa!r ( lies40 ,n[ = ,fa!r ,brisaci]3 8,x is true1 ,fa!r ,bauny says :at y allege40 7,t gives ! lie direct to ,fa!r ,p9t]eau1 pla9 en\gh47 8,b10 adds he1 9 def5ce ( ,fa!r ,bauny1 8if y :o f9d s mu* fault ) ?is s5tim5t1 wait1 :5 a p5it5t lies at y\r feet1 till 8 gu>dian angel f9d security = 8 rights 9 ! inh]itance ( heav52 if y wait till ,god ! ,fa!r1 swe> by himself t ,david told a lie1 :5 he said1 by ! ,holy ,gho/1 t #8all m5 are li>s1' fallible & p]fidi\s2 if y wait till ! p5it5t be no long] a li>1 no long] frail & *angeable1 no long] a s9n]1 l o!r m52 if y wait1 ,i say1 till !n1 y w nev] apply ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ to a s+le s\l40#bgd ,:at d y really ?9k n[1 fa!rs1 ( ^! impi\s & extravagant expressions8 ,accord+ to !m1 if we w\ld wait 8till !re be "s hope ( am5dm5t0 9 s9n]s be=e grant+ _! absolution1 we mu/ wait 8till ,god ! ,fa!r swe> by himself10 t !y w nev] fall into s9 any m6 ,:at1 fa!rs6 is no di/9ction to be made betwe5 hope & c]ta9ty8 ,h[ injuri\s is x to ! grace ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 to ma9ta9 t x is s impossible = ,*ri/ians ev] to escape f crimes aga9/ ! laws ( ,god1 nature1 & ! ,*ur*1 t su* a ?+ _c be look$ =1 )\t suppos+ 8t ! ,holy ,gho/ has told a lie20 & if absolution is n grant$ to ^? :o give no hope ( am5dm5t1 ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ w be useless1 =soo?1 & 8w\ld nev] be appli$ to a s+le s\l60 ,to :at a sad pass h y come1 fa!rs1 by ?is extravagant desire ( uphold+ ! glory ( y\r au?ors1 :5 y c f9d only two ways ( ju/ify+ !m--by impo/ure or by impiety2 & :5 ! mo/ innoc5t mode by :i* y c extricate y\rselves1 is by ! b>efac$ d5ial ( facts z pati5t z ! light ( day6 ,?is may p]haps acc\nt = y\r hav+ rec\rse s frequ5tly to t v conv5i5t practice4 ,b ?is does n complete ! sum ( y\r accompli%m5ts 9 ! art ( self-def5ce4 ,to r5d] y\r oppon5ts odi\s1 y h _h rec\rse to ! =g+ ( docum5ts1 su* z t ,lett] ( a ,m9i/] to ,m4 ,arnauld1 :i* y circulat$ ?r\gh all ,p>is1 to induce ! belief t ! "w on ,frequ5t ,communion1 :i* _h be5 approv$ by s _m bi%ops & doctors1 b :i*1 to say ! tru?1 0 r aga9/ y1 _h be5 concoct$ ?r\gh secret intellig5ce ) ! m9i/]s ( ,*>5ton4#bge ,at o!r times1 y attribute to y\r adv]s>ies writ+s full ( impiety1 su* z ! ,circul> ,lett] ( ! ,jans5i/s1 ! absurd /yle ( :i* r5d]s ! fraud too gross to be swall[$1 & palpably betrays ! malice ( y\r ,fa!r ,meyni]1 :o has ! impud5ce to make use ( x = support+ 8 f\le/ sl&]s4 ,sometimes1 aga91 y w quote books :i* 7 nev] 9 exi/5ce1 su* z ,! ,con/itution ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t1 f :i* y extract passages1 fabricat$ at pleasure1 & calculat$ to make ! hair on ! heads ( c]ta9 good simple p1 :o h no idea ( ! effront]y ) :i* y c inv5t & propagate falsehoods1 actually to bri/le ) horror4 ,!re is n1 inde$1 a s+le species ( calumny :i* y h n put into requisition2 nor is x possible t ! maxim :i* excuses ! vice c\ld h be5 lodg$ 9 bett] h&s4 ,b ^? sorts ( sl&] to :i* we h adv]t$ are r too easily discr$it$2 &1 accord+ly1 y h o!rs ( a m subtle "*1 9 :i* y ab/a9 f specify+ p>ticul>s1 9 ord] to preclude y\r oppon5ts f gett+ any hold1 or f9d+ any means ( reply2 z1 = example1 :5 ,fa!r ,brisaci] says t 88 enemies are guilty ( abom9able crimes1 :i* he does n *oose to m5tion40 ,w\ld y n ?9k x 7 impossible to prove a *>ge s vague z ?is to be a calumny8 ,an able man1 h[ev]1 has f\nd out ! secret ( x2 & x is a ,capu*9 aga91 fa!rs4 ,y are unlucky 9 ,capu*9s1 z times n[ g2 & ,i =esee t y may be equally s "s o!r "t 9 ,b5$ict9es4 ,! "n ( ?is ,capu*9 is ,fa!r ,val]i51 ( ! h\se ( ! ,c\nts ( ,magnis4 ,y %all he>1 by ?is brief n>rative1 h[ he answ]$ y\r calumnies4 ,he _h happily succe$$ 9 conv]t+ ,pr9ce ,erne/1 ! ,l&grave ( ,hesse-,rhe9sfelt4#bgf ,y\r fa!rs1 h[ev]1 seiz$1 z x w\ld appe>1 ) "s *agr9 at see+ a sov]eign pr9ce conv]t$ )\t _! hav+ _h any h& 9 x1 imm$iately wrote a book aga9/ ! fri> 7= good m5 are ev]y:]e ! objects ( y\r p]secution71 9 :i*1 by falsify+ "o ( 8 passages1 !y ascrib$ to him an h]etical doctr9e4 ,!y also circulat$ a lett] aga9/ him1 9 :i* !y said3 8,ah1 we h su* ?+s to disclose0 7)\t m5tion+ :at7 8z w gall y to ! quick6 ,if y don't take c>e1 we %all be =c$ to in=m ! pope & ! c>d9als ab\t x40 ,?is manuvre 0 pretty well execut$2 & ,i d\bt n1 fa!rs1 b y may speak 9 ! same /yle ( me2 b take w>n+ f ! mann] 9 :i* ! fri> answ]$ 9 8 book1 :i* 0 pr9t$ la/ ye> at ,prague 7p4 #aab1 c473 8,:at %all ,i d10 he says1 8to c\nt]act ^! vague & indef9ite ins9uations8 ,h[ %all ,i refute *>ges :i* h nev] be5 specifi$8 ,"h1 h[ev]1 is my plan4 ,i decl>e1 l\dly & publicly1 to ^? :o h ?reat5$ me1 t !y are notori\s sl&]]s1 & mo/ impud5t li>s1 if !y d n discov] ^! crimes be=e ! :ole _w4 ,come =?1 !n1 m9e accus]s6 & publi% y\r lies ^u ! h\se tops1 9 place ( tell+ !m 9 ! e>1 & keep+ y\rselves out ( h>m's way by tell+ !m 9 ! e>4 ,"s may ?9k ?is a sc&al\s way ( manag+ ! dispute4 ,x 0 sc&al\s1 ,i grant1 to impute to me su* a crime z h]esy1 & to fix ^u me ! suspicion ( _m o!rs besides2 b1 by ass]t+ my innoc5ce1 ,i am m]ely apply+ ! prop] rem$y to ! sc&al already 9 exi/5ce40 ,truly1 fa!rs1 nev] 7 y\r rev]5ces m r\ghly h&l$1 & nev] 0 a poor man m completely v9dicat$4 ,s9ce y h made no reply to su* a p]emptory *all5ge1 x mu/ be conclud$ t y are unable to discov] ! slighte/ %ad[ ( crim9ality aga9/ him4 ,y h _h v awkw>d scrapes to get ?r\gh occasionally2 b exp]i5ce has made y no?+ ! wis]4 ,=1 "s "t aft] ?is happ5$1 y attack$ ! same individual 9 a simil> /ra91 ^u ano!r subject2 & he def5d$ himself aft] ! same spirit$ mann]1 z foll[s3 8,?is class ( m51 :o h become an intol]able nuisance to ! :ole ( ,*ri/5dom1 aspire1 "u ! pretext ( good works1 to dignities & dom9ation1 by p]v]t+ to _! own ends almo/ all laws1 human & div9e1 natural & reveal$4 ,!y ga9 ov] to _! side1 by _! doctr9e1 by ! =ce ( fe>1 or ( p]suasion1 ! great ones ( ! e>?1 ^: au?ority !y abuse = ! purpose ( accompli%+ _! dete/able intrigues4 ,mean:ile _! ent]prises1 crim9al z !y are1 are nei!r puni%$ nor suppress$2 on ! contr>y1 !y are rew>d$2 & ! villa9s g ab\t !m ) z little fe> or remorse z if !y 7 do+ ,god s]vice4 ,ev]ybody is aw>e ( ! fact ,i h n[ /at$2 ev]ybody speaks ( x ) execration2 b few are f\nd capable ( oppos+ a despotism s p[]ful4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 is :at ,i h done4 ,i h already curb$ _! insol5ce2 &1 by ! same means1 ,i %all curb x aga94 ,i decl>e1 !n1 t !y are mo/ impud5t li>s--,,m5tiris ,,impud5tissime4 ,if ! *>ges !y h br\ght aga9/ me be true1 let !m prove x2 o!rwise1 !y /& convict$ ( falsehood1 aggravat$ by ! grosse/ effront]y4 ,_! proc$ure 9 ?is case w %[ :o has ! "r ^u 8 side4 ,i desire all m5 to take a p>ticul> obs]vation ( x2 & beg to rem>k1 9 ! mean "t1 t ?is preci\s cabal1 :o w n suff] ! mo/ trifl+ *>ge :i* !y c possibly repel to lie ^u !m1 made a %[ ( endur+1 ) great pati5ce1 ^? f :i* !y _c v9dicate !mselves1 & conceal1 "u a c\nt]feit virtue1 _! real impot5cy4 ,my object1 !re=e1 9 provok+ _! mode/y1 by ?is %>p retort1 is to let ! pla9e/ p und]/&1 t if my enemies hold _! peace1 _! =be>ance mu/ be ascrib$1 n to ! meekness ( _! natures1 b to ! p[] ( a guilty consci5ce40 ,he concludes ) ! foll[+ s5t5ce3 8,^! g5try1 ^: hi/ory is well kn[n ?r\gh\t ! :ole _w1 are s gl>+ly iniquit\s 9 _! measures1 & h become s insol5t 9 _! impunity1 t if ,i did n dete/ _! conduct1 & publicly express my dete/ation too1 n m]ely = my own v9dication1 b to gu>d ! simple aga9/ its s$uc+ influ5ce1 ,i mu/ h r5\nc$ my allegiance to ,jesus ,*ri/ & 8 ,*ur*40 ,rev]5d fa!rs1 !re is no room = t]giv]sation4 ,y mu/ pass = convict$ sl&]]s1 & take com=t 9 y\r old maxim1 t calumny is no crime4 ,?is hone/ fri> has discov]$ ! secret ( %utt+ y\r m\?s2 & x mu/ be employ$ on all occasions :5 y accuse p )\t pro(4 ,we h only to reply to ea* sl&] z x appe>s1 9 ! words ( ! ,capu*91 ,m5tiris impud5tissime--8,y are mo/ impud5t li>s40 ,= in/ance1 :at bett] answ] does ,fa!r ,brisaci] des]ve :5 he says ( 8 oppon5ts t !y are 8! gates ( hell2 ! devil's bi%ops2 p]sons devoid ( fai?1 hope1 & *>ity2 ! build]s ( ,anti*ri/'s ex*equ]20 add+1 8,i say ?is ( him1 n by way ( insult1 b f deep conviction ( its tru?80 ,:o w\ld be at ! pa9s to demon/rate t he is n 8a gate ( hell10 & t he has no conc]n ) 8! build+ up ( ,anti*ri/'s ex*equ]80 ,9 l mann]1 :at reply is due to all ! vague spee*es ( ?is sort :i* are to be f\nd 9 y\r books & adv]tisem5ts on my lett]s2 su* z ! foll[+1 = example3 8,t re/itutions h be5 conv]t$ to private uses1 & !reby cr$itors h be5 r$uc$ to begg>y2 t bags ( money h be5 (f]$ to le>n$ monks1 :o decl9$ ! bribe2 t b5efices are conf]r$ = ! purpose ( dissem9at+ h]esies aga9/ ! fai?2 t p5sion]s are kept 9 ! h\ses ( ! mo/ em95t *ur*m51 & 9 ! c\rts ( sov]eigns2 t ,i also am a p5sion] ( ,port-,royal2 & t1 be=e writ+ my lett]s1 ,i _h compos$ romances0--,i1 :o nev] read "o 9 my life1 & :o d n "k s mu* z ! names ( ^? :i* y\r apologi/ has publi%$8 ,:at c be said 9 reply to all ?is1 fa!rs1 if y d n m5tion ! names ( all ^! p]sons y ref] to1 _! words1 ! "t1 & ! place1 except--,m5tiris impud5tissime8 ,y %\ld ei!r be sil5t altoge!r1 or relate & prove all ! circum/ances1 z ,i did :5 ,i told y ! anecdotes ( ,fa!r ,alby & ,john d',alba4 ,o!rwise1 y w hurt none b y\rselves4 ,y\r num]\s fables might1 p]haps1 h done y "s s]vice1 be=e y\r pr9ciples 7 kn[n2 b n[ t ! :ole has be5 br\ght to light1 :5 y beg9 to :isp] z usual1 8,a man ( honor1 :o desir$ u to conceal 8 "n1 has told u "s horrible /ories ( ^! same p0--y w be cut %ort at once1 & rem9d$ ( ! ,capu*9's ,m5tiris impud5tissime4 ,too long by f> h y be5 p]mitt$ to deceive ! _w1 & to abuse ! confid5ce :i* m5 7 ready to place 9 y\r calumni\s accusations4 ,x is high "t to r$eem ! reputation ( ! multitudes :om y h defam$4 ,= :at innoc5ce c be s g5]ally kn[n1 z n to suff] "s injury f ! d>+ asp]sions ( a body ( m5 scatt]$ ov] ! face ( ! e>?1 & :o1 "u religi\s habits1 conceal m9ds s utt]ly irreligi\s1 t !y p]petrate crimes l calumny1 n 9 opposition to1 b 9 /rict accordance )1 _! moral maxims8 ,i _c1 !re=e1 be blam$ = de/roy+ ! cr$it :i* might h be5 aw>d$ y2 see+ x mu/ be all[$ to be a mu* great] act ( ju/ice to re/ore to ! victims ( y\r obloquy ! "* :i* !y did n des]ve to lose1 ?an to leave y 9 ! possession ( a reputation = s9c]ity :i* y d n des]ve to enjoy4 ,& z ! "o c\ld n be done )\t ! o!r1 h[ important 0 x to %[ y up to ! _w z y really are6 ,9 ?is lett] ,i h comm5c$ ! exhibition2 b x w require "s "t to complete x4 ,publi%$ x %all be1 fa!rs1 & all y\r policy w be inadequate to save y f ! disgrace2 = ! ef=ts :i* y may make to av]t ! bl[1 w only s]ve to conv9ce ! mo/ obtuse obs]v]s t y 7 t]rifi$ out ( y\r wits1 & t1 y\r consci5ces anticipat+ ! *>ges ,i _h to br+ aga9/ y1 y h put e o> 9 ! wat] to prev5t ! discov]y4 ----- ,footnote #bfg3 ,pascal 0 assi/$ by ,m4 ,arnauld 9 ! prep>ation ( ?is lett]4 7,nicole1 iv4 #afb47 ,footnote #bfh3 ,quidni non nisi v5iale sit1 detrah5tes autoritatem magnam1 tibi noxiam1 falso crim9e elid]e8 ,footnote #bfi3 ,dica/illus1 ,de ,j41 l4 #b1 tr4 #b1 disp4 #ab1 n4 #djd4 ,footnote #bgj3 ,m4 ,de ,ville1 ,vic>-,g5]al ( ,m41 ! ,c>d9al ( ,lyons2 ,m4 ,sc>ron1 ,canon & ,curate ( ,/4 ,paul2 ,m4 ,m>gat1 ,*ant]2 ,,mm4 ,b\v&1 ,seve1 ,aub]t1 & ,d]vi51 ,canons ( ,/4 ,nisi]2 ,m4 de ,gu1 ,presid5t ( ! ,treasur]s ( ,france2 ,m4 ,grosli]1 ,provo/ ( ! ,m]*ants2 ,m4 de ,fl*re1 ,presid5t & ,lieut5ant-,g5]al2 ,,mm4 ,de ,boiss>t1 ,de ,/4 ,roma91 & ,de ,b>toly1 g5tlem52 ,m4 ,b\rgeois1 ! ,k+'s ,fir/ ,advocate 9 ! ,c\rt ( ! ,treasur]s ( ,france2 ,,mm4 ,de ,cotton1 fa!r & son2 & ,m4 ,boniel2 :o h all sign$ ! orig9al copy ( ! ,decl>ation1 along ) ,m4 ,puys & ,fa!r ,alby4 ,footnote #bga3 ,apology = ! ,society ( ,jesus1 p4 #abh4 ,footnote #bgb3 ,fir/ ,"p1 p4 #bd4 ,footnote #bgc3 ,tr4 #d1 q4 #bb1 p4 #ajj4 ,footnote #bgd3 ,"p4 #d1 p4 #ba ,footnote #bge3 ,t is1 ! ,prote/ant m9i/]s ( ,p>is1 :o are call$ 8! m9i/]s ( ,*>5ton10 f ! village ( t "n ne> ,p>is1 :]e !y _h _! place ( wor%ip4 ,! ,prote/ants ( ,p>is 7 =bidd5 to hold meet+s 9 ! city1 & 7 compell$ to travel five leagues to a place ( wor%ip1 till #afjf1 :5 !y 7 graci\sly p]mitt$ to erect _! temple at ,*>5ton1 ab\t two leagues f ! city6 7,b5oit1 ,hi/4 de l',edit4 de ,nantes1 i4 #dce47 ,ev5 !re !y 7 h>ass$ by ! bigot$ populace1 & at la/ 8! m9i/]s ( ,*>5ton10 among :om 7 ! fam\s ,claude & ,daill1 7 driv5 f _! homes1 _! *apel burnt to ! gr\nd1 & _! p scatt]$ abroad4 ,footnote #bgf3 ,9 ! fir/ edition x 0 said to be ! ,l&grave ( ,d>m/at1 by mi/ake1 z %[n 9 a note by ,nicole4 ,,lett] ,,xvi4#bgg ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1 ,,! ,,jesuits4 ,,%ameful ,,calumnies ,,( ,,! ,,jesuits ,,aga9/ ,,pi\s ,,cl]gym5 ,,& ,,innoc5t ,,nuns4 ,decemb] #d1 #afef4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!rs1--,i n[ come to consid] ! re/ ( y\r calumnies1 & %all beg9 ) ^? conta9$ 9 y\r adv]tisem5ts1 :i* rema9 to be notic$4 ,z all y\r o!r writ+s1 h[ev]1 are equally well /ock$ ) sl&]1 !y w furni% me ) abundant mat]ials = ent]ta9+ y on ?is topic z long z ,i may judge exp$i5t4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !n1 ) reg>d to ! fable :i* y h propagat$ 9 all y\r writ+s aga9/ ! ,bi%op ( ,ypres1#bgh ,i beg leave to say1 9 "o ^w1 t y h malici\sly wre/$ ! mean+ ( "s ambigu\s expressions 9 "o ( 8 lett]s1 :i* be+ capable ( a good s5se1 ought1 accord+ to ! _s ( ! ,gospel1 to h be5 tak5 9 good "p1 & c\ld only be tak5 o!rwise accord+ to ! _s ( y\r ,society4 ,= example1 :5 he says to a fri5d1 8,give y\rself no conc]n ab\t y\r nephew2 ,i w furni% him ) :at he requires f ! money t lies 9 my h&s10 :at reason h y to int]pret ?is to mean1 t he w\ld take t money )\t re/or+ x1 & n t he m]ely advanc$ x ) ! purpose ( replac+ x8 ,& h[ extremely imprud5t 0 x = y to furni% a refutation ( y\r own lie1 by pr9t+ ! o!r lett]s ( ! ,bi%op ( ,ypres1 :i* cle>ly %[ t1 9 po9t ( fact1 x 0 m]ely advanc$ money1 :i* he 0 b\nd to refund4 ,?is appe>s1 to y\r confusion1 f ! foll[+ t]ms 9 ! lett]1 to :i* y give ! date ( ,july #cj1 #afai3 8,be n uneasy ab\t ! money advanc$2 he %all want = no?+ s long z he is "h20 & likewise f ano!r1 dat$ ,janu>y #f1 #afbj1 :]e he says3 8,y are 9 too great ha/e2 :5 ! acc\nt %all become due1 ,i h no fe> b t ! little cr$it :i* ,i h 9 ?is place w br+ me z mu* money z ,i require40 ,if y are convict$ sl&]]s on ?is subject1 y are no less s 9 reg>d to ! ridicul\s /ory ab\t ! *>ity-box ( ,/4 ,m]ri4 ,:at advantage1 pray1 c y hope to d]ive f ! accusation :i* "o ( y\r wor?y fri5ds has trump$ up aga9/ t ecclesia/ic8 ,are we to conclude t a man is guilty1 because he is accus$8 ,no1 fa!rs4 ,m5 ( piety1 l him1 may expect to be p]petually accus$1 s long z ! _w conta9s calumniators l y4 ,we mu/ judge ( him1 !re=e1 n f ! accusation1 b f ! s5t5ce2 & ! s5t5ce pron\nc$ on ! case 7,febru>y #bc1 #afef7 ju/ifies him completely4 ,moreov]1 ! p]son :o _h ! tem]ity to involve himself 9 t iniquit\s process1 0 disav[$ by 8 colleagues1 & himself compell$ to retract 8 *>ge4 ,& z to :at y allege1 9 ! same place1 ab\t 8t fam\s director1 :o pocket$ at once n9e hundr$ ?\s& livres10 ,i ne$ only ref] y to ,messieurs ! curs ( ,/4 ,ro* & ,/4 ,paul1 :o w be> witness1 be=e ! :ole city ( ,p>is1 to 8 p]fect dis9t]e/$ness 9 ! affair1 & to y\r inexcusable malice 9 t piece ( imposition4 ,en\gh1 h[ev]1 = su* paltry falsities4 ,^! are b ! fir/ raw attempts ( y\r novices1 & n ! ma/]-/rokes ( y\r 8gr& pr(ess$40#bgi ,to ^! d ,i n[ come1 fa!rs2 ,i come to a calumny :i* is c]ta9ly "o ( ! base/ t ev] issu$ f ! _s ( y\r ,society4 ,i ref] to ! insuff]able audacity ) :i* y h imput$ to holy nuns1 & to _! directors1 ! *>ge ( 8disbeliev+ ! my/]y ( transub/antiation1 & ! real pres5ce ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/40 ,"h1 fa!rs1 is a sl&] wor?y ( y\rselves4 ,"h is a crime :i* ,god alone is capable ( puni%+1 z y alone 7 capable ( committ+ x4 ,to endure x ) pati5ce1 w\ld require an humility z great z t ( ^! calumniat$ ladies2 to give x cr$it w\ld dem& a degree ( wick$ness equal to t ( _! wret*$ defam]s4 ,i propose n1 !re=e1 to v9dicate !m2 !y are beyond suspicion4 ,_h !y /ood 9 ne$ ( def5ce1 !y might h comm&$ abl] advocates ?an me4 ,my object 9 :at ,i say "h is to %[1 n _! innoc5ce1 b y\r malignity4 ,i m]ely int5d to make y a%am$ ( y\rselves1 & to let ! :ole _w und]/& t1 aft] ?is1 !re is no?+ ( :i* y are n capable4 ,y w n fail1 ,i am c]ta91 not)/&+ all ?is1 to say t ,i belong to ,port-,royal2 = ?is is ! fir/ ?+ y say to e "o :o combats y\r errors3 z if x 7 only at ,port-,royal t p]sons c\ld be f\nd possess$ ( suffici5t zeal to def5d1 aga9/ y\r attacks1 ! purity ( ,*ri/ian morality4 ,i "k1 fa!rs1 ! "w ( ! pi\s recluses :o h retir$ to t mona/]y1 & h[ mu* ! ,*ur* is indebt$ to _! truly solid & edify+ labors4 ,i "k ! excell5ce ( _! piety & _! le>n+4 ,=1 ?\gh ,i h nev] _h ! honor to belong to _! e/abli%m5t1 z y1 )\t kn[+ :o or :at ,i am1 w\ld fa9 h x believ$1 nev]!less1 ,i d "k "s ( !m1 & honor ! virtue ( !m all4 ,b ,god has n conf9$ )9 ! prec9cts ( t society all :om he means to raise up 9 opposition to y\r corruptions4 ,i hope1 ) 8 assi/ance1 fa!rs1 to make y feel ?is2 & if he v\*safe to su/a9 me 9 ! design he has l$ me to =m1 ( employ+ 9 8 s]vice all ! res\rces ,i h receiv$ f him1 ,i %all speak to y 9 su* a /ra9 z w1 p]haps1 give y reason to regret t y h n _h to d ) a man ( ,port-,royal4 ,& to conv9ce y ( ?is1 fa!rs1 ,i mu/ tell y t1 :ile ^? :om y h abus$ ) ?is notori\s sl&] cont5t !mselves ) lift+ up _! groans to ,heav5 to obta9 y\r =giv5ess = ! outrage1 ,i feel myself oblig$1 n be+ 9 ! lea/ affect$ by y\r sl&]1 to make y blu% 9 ! face ( ! :ole ,*ur*1 & s br+ y to t :olesome %ame ( :i* ! ,scripture speaks1 & :i* is almo/ ! only rem$y = a h>dness ( he>t l y\rs3 8,imple facies eorum ignom9i1 et qur5t nom5 tuum1 ,dom9e--,fill _! faces ) %ame1 t !y may seek ?y "n1 ,o ,"l40#bhj ,a /op mu/ be put to ?is insol5ce1 :i* does n sp>e ! mo/ sacr$ retreats4 ,= :o c be safe aft] a calumny ( ?is nature8 ,= %ame1 fa!rs6 to publi% 9 ,p>is su* a sc&al\s book1 ) ! "n ( y\r ,fa!r ,meyni] on its front1 & "u ?is infam\s title1 8,port-,royal & ,g5eva 9 conc]t aga9/ ! mo/ holy ,sacram5t ( ! ,alt>10 9 :i* y accuse ( ?is apo/asy1 n only ,monsieur ! abb ( ,/4 ,cyran1 & ,m4 ,arnauld1 b also ,"m ,agnes1 8 si/]1 & all ! nuns ( t mona/]y1 alleg+ t 8_! fai?1 9 reg>d to ! eu*>i/1 is z suspici\s z t ( ,m4 ,arnauld10 :om y ma9ta9 to be 8a d[nright ,calv9i/40#bha ,i "h ask ! :ole _w if !re be any class ( p]sons )9 ! pale ( ! ,*ur*1 on :om y c\ld h advanc$ su* an abom9able *>ge ) less semblance ( tru?4 ,= tell me1 fa!rs1 if ^! nuns & _! directors1 _h be5 89 conc]t ) ,g5eva aga9/ ! mo/ holy sacram5t ( ! alt>0 7! v ?\ght ( :i* is %ock+71 h[ !y %\ld h come to select z ! pr9cipal object ( _! piety t v sacram5t :i* !y held 9 abom9ation8 ,h[ %\ld !y h assum$ ! habit ( ! holy sacram5t8 tak5 ! "n ( ! ,daught]s ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t8 call$ _! *ur* ! ,*ur* ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t8 ,h[ %\ld !y h reque/$ & obta9$ f ,rome ! confirmation ( t in/itution1 & ! "r ( say+ e ,?ursday ! (fice ( ! holy sacram5t1 9 :i* ! fai? ( ! ,*ur* is s p]fectly express$1 if !y _h conspir$ ) ,g5eva to bani% t fai? f ! ,*ur*8 ,:y w\ld !y h b\nd !mselves1 by a p>ticul> devotion1 also sanction$ by ! pope1 to h "s ( _! si/]hood1 night & day )\t int]mission1 9 pres5ce ( ! sacr$ ho/1 to comp5sate1 by _! p]petual adorations t[>ds t p]petual sacrifice1 = ! impiety ( ! h]esy t aims at its annihilation8 ,tell me1 fa!rs1 if y c1 :y1 ( all ! my/]ies ( our religion1 !y %\ld h pass$ by ^? 9 :i* !y believ$1 to fix ^u t 9 :i* !y believ$ n8 & h[ !y %\ld h devot$ !mselves1 s fully & entirely1 to t my/]y ( our fai?1 if !y took x1 z ! h]etics d1 = ! my/]y ( iniquity8 ,& :at answ] d y give to ^! cle> evid5ces1 embodi$ n 9 words only1 b 9 actions2 & n 9 "s p>ticul> actions1 b 9 ! :ole t5or ( a life expressly d$icat$ to ! adoration ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 dwell+ on our alt>s8 ,:at answ]1 aga91 d y give to ! books :i* y ascribe to ,port-,royal1 all ( :i* are full ( ! mo/ precise t]ms employ$ by ! fa!rs & ! c\ncils to m>k ! ess5ce ( t my/]y8 ,x is at once ridicul\s & disgu/+ to he> y reply+ to ^!1 z y h done ?r\gh\t y\r libel4 ,m4 ,arnauld1 say y1 talks v well ab\t transub/antiation2 b he und]/&s1 p]haps1 only 8a significative transub/antiation40 ,true1 he pr(esses to believe 9 8! real pres5ce20 :o c tell1 h[ev]1 b he means no?+ m ?an 8a true & real figure80 ,h[ n[1 fa!rs6 :om1 pray1 w y n make pass = a ,calv9i/ :5ev] y please1 if y are to be all[$ ! lib]ty ( p]v]t+ ! mo/ canonical & sacr$ expressions by ! wick$ subtilties ( y\r mod]n equivocations8 ,:o ev] ?\ght ( us+ any o!r t]ms ?an ^? 9 "q1 especially 9 simple disc\rses ( devotion1 :]e no controv]sies are h&l$8 ,& yet ! love & ! rev]5ce 9 :i* !y hold ?is sacr$ my/]y1 h induc$ !m to give x su* a prom95ce 9 all _! writ+s1 t ,i defy y1 fa!rs1 ) all y\r cunn+1 to detect 9 !m ei!r ! lea/ appe>ance ( ambiguity1 or ! slighte/ correspond5ce ) ! s5tim5ts ( ,g5eva4 ,ev]ybody kn[s1 fa!rs1 t ! ess5ce ( ! ,g5evan h]esy consi/s1 z x does accord+ to y\r own %[+1 9 _! believ+ t ,jesus ,*ri/ is n conta9$ 7enf]m71 9 ?is sacram5t2 t x is impossible he c be 9 _m places at once2 t he is1 prop]ly speak+1 only 9 heav51 & t x is z !re alone t he ought to be ador$1 & n on ! alt>2#bhb t ! sub/ance ( ! bread rema9s2 t ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ does n ent] into ! m\? or ! /oma*2 t he c only be eat5 by fai?1 & accord+ly wick$ m5 d n eat him at all2 & t ! mass is n a sacrifice1 b an abom9ation4 ,let u n[ he>1 !n1 9 :at way 8,port-,royal is 9 conc]t ) ,g5eva40 ,9 ! writ+s ( ! =m] we read1 to y\r confusion1 ! foll[+ /atem5t3 ,t 8! fle% & blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ are conta9$ "u ! species ( bread & w9e20#bhc t 8! ,holy ( ,holies is pres5t 9 ! sanctu>y1 & t !re he ought to be ador$20#bhd t 8,jesus ,*ri/ dwells 9 ! s9n]s :o communicate1 by ! real & v]itable pres5ce ( 8 body 9 _! /oma*1 al?\gh n by ! pres5ce ( 8 ,_s 9 _! he>ts20#bhe t 8! dead a%es ( ! bodies ( ! sa9ts d]ive _! pr9cipal dignity f t se$ ( life :i* !y reta9 f ! t\* ( ! immortal & vivify+ fle% ( ,jesus ,*ri/20#bhf t 8x is n ow+ to any natural p[]1 b to ! almighty p[] ( ,god1 to :om no?+ is impossible1 t ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is compreh5d$ "u ! ho/1 & "u ! smalle/ portion ( e ho/20#bhg t 8! div9e virtue is pres5t to produce ! effect :i* ! words ( consecration signify20#bhh t 8,jesus ,*ri/1 :ile he is l[]$ 7rabaiss71 & hidd5 ^u ! alt>1 is1 at ! same "t1 elevat$ 9 8 glory2 t he subsi/s1 ( himself & by 8 own ord9>y p[]1 9 div]s places at ! same "t--9 ! mid/ ( ! ,*ur* triumphant1 & 9 ! mid/ ( ! ,*ur* militant & travell+20#bhi t 8! sacram5tal species rema9 susp5d$1 & subsi/ extraord9>ily1 )\t be+ upheld by any subject2 & t ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is also susp5d$ "u ! species1 & t x does n dep5d ^u ^!1 z sub/ances dep5d ^u accid5ts20#bij t 8! sub/ance ( ! bread is *ang$1 ! immutable accid5ts rema9+ ! same20#bia t 8,jesus ,*ri/ reposes 9 ! eu*>i/ ) ! same glory t he has 9 heav520#bib t 88 glori\s humanity resides 9 ! tab]nacles ( ! ,*ur*1 "u ! species ( bread1 :i* =ms its visible cov]+2 & t1 kn[+ ! grossness ( our natures1 he conducts u to ! adoration ( 8 div9ity1 :i* is pres5t 9 all places1 by ! ador+ ( 8 humanity1 :i* is pres5t 9 a p>ticul> place20#bic t 8we receive ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ^u ! tongue1 :i* is sanctifi$ by its div9e t\*20#bid 8t x ent]s into ! m\? ( ! prie/20#bie t 8al?\gh ,jesus ,*ri/ has made himself accessible 9 ! holy sacram5t1 by an act ( 8 love & graci\sness1 he pres]ves1 nev]!less1 9 t ord9ance1 8 inaccessibility1 z an insep>able condition ( 8 div9e nature2 because1 al?\gh ! body alone & ! blood alone are !re1 by virtue ( ! words vi v]borum1 z ! s*oolm5 say1 8 :ole div9ity may1 not)/&+1 be !re also1 z well z 8 :ole humanity1 by a necess>y conjunction40#bif ,9 f9e1 t 8! eu*>i/ is at ! same "t sacram5t & sacrifice20#big & t 8al?\gh ?is sacrifice is a commemoration ( t ( ! cross1 yet !re is ?is diff]5ce betwe5 !m1 t ! sacrifice ( ! mass is (f]$ = ! ,*ur* only1 & = ! fai?ful 9 h] communion2 :]eas t ( ! cross has be5 (f]$ = all ! _w1 z ! ,scripture te/ifies40#bih ,i h quot$ en\gh1 fa!rs1 to make x evid5t t !re 0 nev]1 p]haps1 a m imprud5t ?+ attempt$ ?an :at y h done4 ,b ,i w g a /ep f>!r1 & make y pron\nce ?is s5t5ce aga9/ y\rselves4 ,= :at d y require f a man1 9 ord] to remove all suspicion ( 8 be+ 9 conc]t & correspond5ce ) ,g5eva8 8,if ,m4 ,arnauld10 says y\r ,fa!r ,meyni]1 p4 #ic1 8_h said t 9 ?is adorable my/]y1 !re is no sub/ance ( ! bread "u ! species1 b only ! fle% & ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ,i %\ld h confess$ t he _h decl>$ himself absolutely aga9/ ,g5eva40 ,confess x1 !n1 ye revil]s6 & make him a public apology4 ,h[ (t5 h y se5 ?is decl>ation made 9 ! passages ,i h j cit$8 ,besides ?is1 h[ev]1 ! ,famili> ,!ology ( ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran hav+ be5 approv$ by ,m4 ,arnauld1 x conta9s ! s5tim5ts ( bo?4 ,read1 !n1 ! :ole ( lesson #ae?1 & p>ticul>ly article #b;d1 & y w !re f9d ! words y desid]ate1 ev5 m =mally /at$ ?an y h done y\rselves4 8,is !re any bread 9 ! ho/1 or any w9e 9 ! *alice8 ,no3 = all ! sub/ance ( ! bread & ! w9e is tak5 away1 to give place to t ( ! body & blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! :i* sub/ance alone rema9s !re91 cov]$ by ! qualities & species ( bread & w9e40 ,h[ n[1 fa!rs6 w y /ill say t ,port-,royal tea*es 8no?+ t ,g5eva does n receive10 & t ,m4 ,arnauld has said no?+ 9 8 second lett] 8:i* might n h be5 said by a m9i/] ( ,*>5ton80 ,see if y c p]suade ,me/rezat#bii to speak z ,m4 ,arnauld does 9 t lett]1 at page #bcg8 ,make him say1 t x is an infam\s calumny to accuse him ( d5y+ transub/antiation2 t he takes = ! fundam5tal pr9ciple ( 8 writ+s ! tru? ( ! real pres5ce ( ! ,son ( ,god1 9 opposition to ! h]esy ( ! ,calv9i/s2 & t he acc\nts himself happy = liv+ 9 a place :]e ! ,holy ( ,holies is cont9ually ador$ 9 ! sanctu>y--a s5tim5t :i* is /ill m oppos$ to ! belief ( ! ,calv9i/s ?an ! real pres5ce itself2 = z ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu obs]ves 9 8 ,controv]sies 7page #ecf73 8,! new m9i/]s ( ,france hav+ agre$ ) ! ,lu!rans1 :o believe ! real pres5ce ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/2 !y h decl>$ t !y rema9 9 a /ate ( sep>ation f ! ,*ur* on ! po9t ( ?is my/]y1 only on acc\nt ( ! adoration :i* ,ca?olics r5d] to ! eu*>i/40#cjj ,get all ! passages :i* ,i h extract$ f ! books ( ,port-,royal subscrib$ at ,g5eva1 & n ! isolat$ passages m]ely1 b ! entire treatises reg>d+ ?is my/]y1 su* z ! ,book ( ,frequ5t ,communion1 ! ,explication ( ! ,c]emonies ( ! ,mass1 ! ,ex]cise dur+ ,mass1 ! ,reasons ( ! ,susp5sion ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t1 ! ,translation ( ! ,hymns 9 ! ,h\rs ( ,port-,royal1 c42 9 "o ^w1 prevail ^u !m to e/abli% at ,*>5ton t holy in/itution ( ador+1 )\t int]mission1 ,jesus ,*ri/ conta9$ 9 ! eu*>i/1 z is done at ,port-,royal1 & x w be ! mo/ signal s]vice :i* y c\ld r5d] to ! ,*ur*2 = 9 ?is case x w turn out1 n t ,port-,royal is 9 conc]t ) ,g5eva1 b t ,g5eva is 9 conc]t ) ,port-,royal1 & ) ! :ole ,*ur*4 ,c]ta9ly1 fa!rs1 y c\ld n h be5 m un=tunate ?an 9 select+ ,port-,royal z ! object ( attack = n believ+ 9 ! eu*>i/2 b ,i w %[ :at l$ y to fix ^u x4 ,y "k ,i h pick$ up "s small acqua9tance ) y\r policy2 9 ?is in/ance y h act$ ^u its maxims to admiration4 ,if ,monsieur ! abb ( ,/4 ,cyran1 & ,m4 ,arnauld1 _h only spok5 ( :at ought to be believ$ ) great respect to ?is my/]y1 & said no?+ ab\t :at ought to be done 9 ! way ( prep>ation = its reception1 !y might h be5 ! be/ ,ca?olics alive2 & no equivocations w\ld h be5 discov]$ 9 _! use ( ! t]ms 8real pres5ce0 & 8transub/antiation40 ,b s9ce all :o combat y\r lic5ti\s pr9ciples mu/ ne$s be h]etics1 & h]etics too1 9 ! v po9t 9 :i* !y condemn y\r laxity1 h[ c\ld ,m4 ,arnauld escape fall+ "u ?is *>ge on ! subject ( ! eu*>i/1 aft] hav+ publi%$ a book expressly aga9/ y\r pr(anations ( t sacram5t8 ,:at6 mu/ he be all[$ to say1 ) impunity1 t 8! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ ought n to be giv5 to ^? :o habitually lapse into ! same crimes1 & :o h no prospect ( am5dm5t2 & t su* p]sons ought to be exclud$1 = "s "t1 f ! alt>1 to purify !mselves by s9c]e p5it5ce1 t !y may approa* x aft]w>ds ) b5efit80 ,suff] no "o to talk 9 ?is /ra91 fa!rs1 or y w f9d t few] p w come to y\r confessionals4 ,fa!r ,brisaci] says1 t 87 y to adopt ?is c\rse1 y w\ld nev] apply ! blood ( ,jesus ,*ri/ to a s+le individual40 ,x w\ld be inf9itely m = y\r int]e/ 7 e "o to adopt ! views ( y\r ,society1 z set =? by y\r ,fa!r ,masc>5has1 9 a book approv$ by y\r doctors1 & ev5 by y\r rev]5d ,fa!r-,g5]al1 namely1 8,t p]sons ( e description1 & ev5 prie/s1 may receive ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ on ! v day !y h pollut$ !mselves ) odi\s crimes2 t s f> f su* communions imply+ irrev]5ce1 p]sons :o p>take ( !m 9 ?is mann] act a comm5dable "p2 t confessors ought n to keep !m back f ! ord9ance1 b1 on ! contr>y1 ought to advise ^? :o h rec5tly committ$ su* crimes to communicate imm$iately2 because1 al?\gh ! ,*ur* has =bidd5 x1 ?is prohibition is annull$ by ! univ]sal practice 9 all places ( ! e>?40#cja ,see :at x is1 fa!rs1 to h ,jesuits 9 all places ( ! e>?6 ,behold ! univ]sal practice :i* y h introduc$1 & :i* y are anxi\s ev]y:]e to ma9ta96 ,x matt]s no?+ t ! tables ( ,jesus ,*ri/ are fill$ ) abom9ations1 provid$ t y\r *ur*es are cr[d$ ) p4 ,be sure1 !re=e1 co/ :at x may1 to set d[n all t d>e to say a ^w aga9/ y\r practice1 z h]etics on ! holy sacram5t4 ,b h[ c y d ?is1 aft] ! irrefragable te/imonies :i* !y h giv5 ( _! fai?8 ,are y n afraid ( my com+ out ) ! f\r gr& pro(s ( _! h]esy :i* y h adduc$8 ,y ought1 at lea/1 to be s1 fa!rs1 & ,i ought n to sp>e y\r blu%+4 ,let u1 !n1 proce$ to exam9e pro( ! fir/4 8,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran10 says ,fa!r ,meyni]1 8consol+ "o ( 8 fri5ds ^u ! dea? ( 8 "m 7tom4 i41 let4 #ad71 says t ! mo/ acceptable sacrifice t c be (f]$ up to ,god on su* occasions1 is t ( pati5ce2 !re=e he is a ,calv9i/40 ,?is is m>vell\sly %rewd reason+1 fa!rs2 & ,i d\bt if anybody w be able to discov] ! precise po9t ( x4 ,let u le>n x1 !n1 f 8 own m\?4 8,because10 says ?is mighty controv]siali/1 8x is obvi\s t he does n believe 9 ! sacrifice ( ! mass2 = ?is is1 ( all o!r sacrifices1 ! mo/ acceptable unto ,god40 ,:o w v5ture to say n[ t ! ,jesuits d n "k h[ to reason8 ,:y1 !y "k ! art to su* p]fection1 t !y w extract h]esy out ( any?+ y *oose to m5tion1 n ev5 except+ ! ,holy ,scripture itself6 ,= example1 might x n be h]etical to say1 ) ! wise man 9 ,ecclesia/icus1 8,!re is no?+ worse ?an to love money20#cjb z if adult]y1 murd]1 or idolatry1 7 n f> great] crimes8 ,:]e is ! man :o is n 9 ! habit ( us+ simil> expressions e day8 ,may we n say1 = in/ance1 t ! mo/ acceptable ( all sacrifices 9 ! eyes ( ,god is t ( a contrite & humbl$ he>t2 j because1 9 disc\rses ( ?is nature1 we simply mean to comp>e c]ta9 int]nal virtues ) "o ano!r1 & n ) ! sacrifice ( ! mass1 :i* is ( a totally diff]5t ord]1 & inf9itely m exalt$8 ,is ?is n en\gh to make y ridicul\s1 fa!rs8 ,& is x necess>y1 to complete y\r discomfiture1 t ,i %\ld quote ! passages ( t lett] 9 :i* ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran speaks ( ! sacrifice ( ! mass1 z 8! mo/ excell5t0 ( all o!rs1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms8 8,let !re be pres5t$ to ,god1 daily & 9 all places1 ! sacrifice ( ! body ( 8 ,son1 :o c\ld n f9d a m excell5t way ?an t by :i* he might honor 8 ,fa!r40 ,& aft]w>ds3 8,jesus ,*ri/ has enjo9$ u to take1 :5 we are dy+1 8 sacrific$ body1 to r5d] m acceptable to ,god ! sacrifice ( our own1 & to jo9 himself ) u at ! h\r ( dissolution2 to ! end t he may /r5g!n u = ! /ruggle1 sanctify+1 by 8 pres5ce1 ! la/ sacrifice :i* we make to ,god ( our life & our body80 ,pret5d to take no notice ( all ?is1 fa!rs1 & p]si/ 9 ma9ta9+1 z y d 9 page #ci1 t he refus$ to take ! communion on 8 dea?-b$1 & t he did n believe 9 ! sacrifice ( ! mass4 ,no?+ c be too gross = calumniators by pr(ession4 ,y\r second pro( furni%es an excell5t illu/ration ( ?is4 ,to make a ,calv9i/ ( ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran1 to :om y ascribe ! book ( ,petrus ,aurelius1 y take advantage ( a passage 7page #hj7 9 :i* ,aurelius expla9s 9 :at mann] ! ,*ur* acts t[>ds prie/s1 & ev5 bi%ops1 :om %e wi%es to degrade or depose4 8,! ,*ur*10 he says1 8be+ incapable ( depriv+ !m ( ! p[] ( ! ord]1 ! "* ( :i* is indelible1 %e does all t %e c d2--%e bani%es f h] memory ! "* :i* %e _c bani% f ! s\ls ( ! individuals :o h be5 once inve/$ ) x2 %e reg>ds !m 9 ! same light z if !y 7 n bi%ops or prie/s2 s t1 accord+ to ! ord9>y language ( ! ,*ur*1 x may be said !y are no long] su*1 al?\gh !y always rema9 su*1 9 z f> z ! "* is conc]n$--ob indelebilitatem *>act]is40 ,y p]ceive1 fa!rs1 t ?is au?or1 :o has be5 approv$ by ?ree g5]al assemblies ( ! cl]gy ( ,france1 pla9ly decl>es t ! "* ( ! prie/hood is indelible2 & yet y make him say1 on ! contr>y1 9 ! v same passage1 t 8! "* ( ! prie/hood is n indelible40 ,?is is :at ,i w\ld call a notori\s sl&]2 9 o!r words1 accord+ to y\r nom5clature1 a small v5ial s94 ,& ! reason is1 ?is book has done y "s h>m1 by refut+ ! h]esies ( y\r bre?r5 9 ,engl& t\*+ ! ,episcopal au?ority4 ,b ! folly ( ! *>ge is equally rem>kable2 =1 aft] hav+ tak5 x = grant$1 )\t any f\ndation1 t ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran holds ! prie/ly "* to be n indelible1 y conclude f ?is t he does n believe 9 ! real pres5ce ( ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/4 ,d n expect me to answ] ?is1 fa!rs4 ,if y h got no common s5se1 ,i am n able to furni% y ) x4 ,all :o possess any %>e ( x w enjoy a he>ty laugh at y\r exp5se4 ,nor w !y treat ) great] respect y\r ?ird pro(1 :i* re/s ^u ! foll[+ words1 tak5 f ! ,book ( ,frequ5t ,communion3 8,9 ! eu*>i/ ,god v\*safes u ! same food t he be/[s on ! sa9ts 9 heav51 ) ?is diff]5ce only1 t "h he )holds f u its s5sible sight & ta/e1 res]v+ bo? ( ^! = ! heav5ly _w40#cjc ,^! words express ! s5se ( ! ,*ur* s di/9ctly1 t ,i am con/antly =gett+ :at reason y h = pick+ a qu>rel ) !m1 9 ord] to turn !m to a bad use2 = ,i c see no?+ m 9 !m b :at ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t tea*es 7sess4 xiii41 c4 #h71 namely1 t !re is no diff]5ce betwe5 ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/ & ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 heav51 except t "h he is veil$1 & !re he is n4 ,m4 ,arnauld does n say t !re is no diff]5ce 9 ! mann] ( receiv+ ,jesus ,*ri/1 b only t !re is no diff]5ce 9 ,jesus ,*ri/ :o is receiv$4 ,& yet y w\ld1 9 ! face ( all reason1 int]pret 8 language 9 ?is passage to mean1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is no m eat5 ) ! m\? 9 ?is _w ?an he is 9 heav52 ^u :i* y gr\nd ! *>ge ( h]esy aga9/ him4 ,y really make me sorry = y1 fa!rs4 ,mu/ we expla9 ?is fur!r to y8 ,:y d y conf\nd t div9e n\ri%m5t ) ! mann] ( receiv+ x8 ,!re is b "o po9t ( diff]5ce1 z ,i h j obs]v$1 betwixt t n\ri%m5t ^u e>? & 9 heav51 :i* is1 t "h x is hidd5 "u veils :i* deprive u ( its s5sible sight & ta/e2 b !re are v>i\s po9ts ( dissimil>ity 9 ! mann] ( receiv+ x "h & !re1 ! pr9cipal ( :i* is1 z ,m4 ,arnauld expresses x 7p4 #c1 *4 #af71 8t "h x ent]s into ! m\? & ! brea/ bo? ( ! good & ( ! wick$10 :i* is n ! case 9 heav54 ,& if y require to be told ! reason ( ?is div]sity1 ,i may in=m y1 fa!rs1 t ! cause ( ,god's orda9+ ^! diff]5t modes ( receiv+ ! same food1 is ! diff]5ce t exi/s betwixt ! /ate ( ,*ri/ians 9 ?is life & t ( ! bless$ 9 heav54 ,! /ate ( ! ,*ri/ian1 z ,c>d9al ,p]ron obs]ves aft] ! fa!rs1 holds a middle place betwe5 ! /ate ( ! bless$ & ! /ate ( ! ,jews4 ,! spirits 9 bliss possess ,jesus ,*ri/ really1 )\t veil or figure4 ,! ,jews possess$ ,jesus ,*ri/ only 9 figures & veils1 su* z ! manna & ! pas*al lamb4 ,& ,*ri/ians possess ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/ really & truly1 al?\gh /ill conceal$ "u veils4 8,god10 says ,/4 ,eu*]1 8has made ?ree tab]nacles--! synagogue1 :i* _h ! %ad[s only1 )\t ! tru?2 ! ,*ur*1 :i* has ! tru? & %ad[s toge!r2 & heav51 :]e !re is no %ad[1 b ! tru? alone40 ,x w\ld be a dep>ture f our pres5t /ate1 :i* is ! /ate ( fai?1 oppos$ by ,/4 ,paul alike to ! law & to op5 vision1 did we possess ! figures only1 )\t ,jesus ,*ri/2 = x is ! prop]ty ( ! law to h ! m]e figure1 & n ! sub/ance ( ?+s4 ,& x w\ld be equally a dep>ture f our pres5t /ate if we possess$ him visibly2 because fai?1 accord+ to ! same apo/le1 deals n ) ?+s t are se54 ,& ?us ! eu*>i/1 f its includ+ ,jesus ,*ri/ truly1 ?\gh "u a veil1 is 9 p]fect accordance ) our /ate ( fai?4 ,x foll[s1 t ?is /ate w\ld be de/roy$1 if1 z ! h]etics ma9ta91 ,jesus ,*ri/ 7 n really "u ! species ( bread & w9e2 & x w\ld be equally de/roy$ if we receiv$ him op5ly1 z !y d 9 heav53 s9ce1 on ^! suppositions1 our /ate w\ld be conf\nd$1 ei!r ) ! /ate ( ,judaism or ) t ( glory4 ,su*1 fa!rs1 is ! my/]i\s & div9e reason ( ?is mo/ div9e my/]y4 ,?is x is t fills u ) abhorr5ce at ! ,calv9i/s1 :o w\ld r$uce u to ! condition ( ! ,jews2 & ?is x is t makes u aspire to ! glory ( ! beatifi$1 :]e we %all be introduc$ to ! full & et]nal enjoym5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/4 ,f h5ce y mu/ see t !re are sev]al po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 ! mann] 9 :i* he communicates himself to ,*ri/ians & to ! bless$2 & t1 among/ o!rs1 he is 9 ?is _w receiv$ by ! m\?1 & n s 9 heav52 b t !y all dep5d solely on ! di/9ction betwe5 our /ate ( fai? & _! /ate ( imm$iate vision4 ,& ?is is precisely1 fa!rs1 :at ,m4 ,arnauld has express$1 ) great pla9ness1 9 ! foll[+ t]ms3 8,!re c be no o!r diff]5ce betwe5 ! purity ( ^? :o receive ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/ & t ( ! bless$1 ?an :at exi/s betwe5 fai? & ! op5 vision ( ,god1 ^u :i* alone dep5ds ! diff]5t mann] 9 :i* he is eat5 ^u e>? & 9 heav540 ,y 7 b\nd 9 duty1 fa!rs1 to h rev]$ 9 ^! words ! sacr$ tru?s !y express1 in/ead ( wre/+ !m = ! purpose ( detect+ an h]etical mean+ :i* !y nev] conta9$1 nor c\ld possibly conta91 namely1 t ,jesus ,*ri/ is eat5 by fai? only1 & n by ! m\?2 ! malici\s p]v]sion ( y\r ,fa!rs ,annat & ,meyni]1 :i* =ms ! capital c\nt ( _! indictm5t4 ,consci\s1 h[ev]1 ( ! wret*$ defici5cy ( y\r pro(s1 y h _h rec\rse to a new artifice1 :i* is no?+ less ?an to falsify ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t1 9 ord] to convict ,m4 ,arnauld ( noncon=mity ) x2 s va/ is y\r /ore ( me?ods = mak+ p h]etics4 ,?is feat has be5 a*iev$ by ,fa!r ,meyni]1 9 fifty diff]5t places ( 8 book1 & ab\t eight or t5 times 9 ! space ( a s+le page 7! #ed?71 :]e9 he insi/s t to speak l a true ,ca?olic1 x is n en\gh to say1 8,i believe t ,jesus ,*ri/ is really pres5t 9 ! eu*>i/10 b we mu/ say1 8,i believe1 ) ! c\ncil1 t he is pres5t by a true local pres5ce1 or locally40 ,& 9 pro( ( ?is1 he cites ! c\ncil1 session xiii41 canon #c;d1 canon #d?1 & canon #f?4 ,:o w\ld n suppose1 ^u see+ ! t]m local pres5ce quot$ f ?ree canons ( a univ]sal c\ncil1 t ! phrase 0 actually to be f\nd 9 !m8 ,?is might h s]v$ y\r turn v well1 be=e ! appe>ance ( my fifte5? lett]2 b z matt]s n[ /&1 fa!rs1 ! trick has become too /ale = u4 ,we g our way & consult ! c\ncil1 & discov] only t y are falsifi]s4 ,su* t]ms z local pres5ce1 locally1 & locality1 nev] exi/$ 9 ! passages to :i* y ref]2 & let me tell y fur!r1 !y are n to be f\nd 9 any o!r canon ( t c\ncil1 nor 9 any o!r previ\s c\ncil1 nor 9 any fa!r ( ! ,*ur*4 ,all[ me1 !n1 to ask y1 fa!rs1 if y mean to ca/ ! suspicion ( ,calv9ism ^u all t h n made use ( t peculi> phrase8 ,if ?is be ! case1 ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t mu/ be suspect$ ( h]esy1 & all ! holy fa!rs )\t exception4 ,h y no o!r way ( mak+ ,m4 ,arnauld h]etical1 )\t abus+ s _m o!r p :o nev] did y any h>m1 & among ! re/1 ,/4 ,?omas1 :o is "o ( ! greate/ *ampions ( ! eu*>i/1 & :o1 s f> f employ+ t t]m1 has expressly reject$ x--8,nullo modo corpus ,*ri/i e/ 9 hoc sacram5to localit]8--,by no means is ! body ( ,*ri/ 9 ?is sacram5t locally80 ,:o are y1 !n1 fa!rs1 to pret5d1 on y\r au?ority1 to impose new t]ms1 & orda9 !m to be us$ by all = rightly express+ _! fai?2 z if ! pr(ession ( ! fai?1 drawn up by ! popes accord+ to ! plan ( ! c\ncil1 9 :i* ?is t]m has no place1 7 defective1 & left an ambiguity 9 ! cre$ ( ! fai?ful1 :i* y _h ! sole m]it ( discov]+8 ,su* a piece ( arrogance1 to prescribe ^! t]ms1 ev5 to le>n$ doctors6 su* a piece ( =g]y1 to attribute !m to g5]al c\ncils6 & su* ignorance1 n to "k ! objections :i* ! mo/ enlight5$ sa9ts h made to _! reception6 8,be a%am$ ( ! error ( y\r ignorance10#cjd z ! ,scripture says ( ignorant impo/ors l y--,de m5dacio in]uditionis tu confund]e4 ,give up all fur!r attempts1 !n1 to act ! ma/]s2 y h nei!r "* nor capacity = ! "p4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y w\ld br+ =w>d y\r propositions ) a little m mode/y1 !y might obta9 a he>+4 ,= al?\gh ?is phrase1 local pres5ce1 has be5 reject$1 z y h se51 by ,/4 ,?omas1 on ! gr\nd t ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is n 9 ! eu*>i/1 9 ! ord9>y ext5sion ( bodies 9 _! places1 ! expression has1 nev]!less1 be5 adopt$ by "s mod]n controv]sial writ]s1 :o und]/& x simply to mean t ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is truly "u ! species1 :i* be+ 9 a p>ticul> place1 ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/ is !re also4 ,& 9 ?is s5se ,m4 ,arnauld w make no scruple to admit ! t]m1 z ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran#cje & he h repeat$ly decl>$ t ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/ is truly 9 a p>ticul> place1 & miracul\sly 9 _m places at ! same "t4 ,?us all y\r subtleties fall to ! gr\nd2 & y h fail$ to give ! slighte/ semblance ( plausibility to an accusation1 :i* ought n to h be5 all[$ to %[ its face1 )\t be+ support$ by ! mo/ unansw]able pro(s4 ,b :at avails x1 fa!rs1 to oppose _! innoc5ce to y\r calumnies8 ,y impute ^! errors to !m1 n 9 ! belief t !y ma9ta9 h]esy1 b f ! idea t !y h done y injury4 ,t is en\gh1 accord+ to y\r !ology1 to w>rant y to calumniate !m )\t crim9ality2 & y c1 )\t ei!r p5ance or confession1 say mass1 at ! v "t t y *>ge prie/s1 :o say x e day1 ) hold+ x to be pure idolatry2 :i*1 7 x true1 w\ld am\nt to sacrilege no less revolt+ ?an t ( y\r own ,fa!r ,j>rige1 :om y y\rselves ord]$ to be hang$ 9 effigy1 = hav+ said mass 8at ! "t he 0 9 agreem5t ) ,g5eva40#cjf ,:at surprises me1 !re=e1 is n ! little scrupulosity ) :i* y load !m ) crimes ( ! f\le/ & false/ description1 b ! little prud5ce y display1 by fix+ on !m *>ges s de/itute ( plausibility4 ,y dispose ( s9s1 x is true1 at y\r pleasure2 b d y mean to dispose ( m5's beliefs too8 ,v]ily1 fa!rs1 if ! suspicion ( ,calv9ism mu/ ne$s fall ei!r on !m or on y1 y w\ld /&1 ,i fe>1 on v tickli% gr\nd4 ,_! language is z ,ca?olic z y\rs2 b _! conduct confirms _! fai?1 & y\r conduct belies x4 ,= if y believe1 z well z !y d1 t ! bread is really *ang$ into ! body ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :y d y n require1 z !y d1 f ^? :om y advise to approa* ! alt>1 t ! he>t ( /one & ice %\ld be s9c]ely *ang$ into a he>t ( fle% & ( love8 ,if y believe t ,jesus ,*ri/ is 9 t sacram5t 9 a /ate ( dea?1 tea*+ ^? t approa* x to die to ! _w1 to s91 & to !mselves1 :y d y suff] ^? to pr(ane x 9 ^: brea/s evil passions cont9ue to reign 9 all _! life & vigor8 ,& h[ d y come to judge ^? wor?y to eat ! bread ( heav51 :o are n wor?y to eat t ( e>?8 ,preci\s vot>ies1 truly1 ^: zeal is exp5d$ 9 p]secut+ ^? :o honor ?is sacr$ my/]y by s _m holy communions1 & 9 flatt]+ ^? :o di%onor x by s _m sacrilegi\s desecrations6 ,h[ comely is x 9 ^! *ampions ( a sacrifice s pure & s v5]able1 to collect ar\nd ! table ( ,jesus ,*ri/ a cr[d ( h>d5$ pr(ligates1 reek+ f _! debau*]ies2 & to plant 9 ! mid/ ( !m a prie/1 :om 8 own confessor has hurri$ f 8 obsc5ities to ! alt>2 !re1 9 ! place ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 to (f] up t mo/ holy victim to ! ,god ( hol9ess1 & convey x1 ) 8 pollut$ h&s1 into m\?s z ?or\ghly pollut$ z 8 own6 ,h[ well does x become ^? :o pursue ?is c\rse 89 all p>ts ( ! _w10 9 con=mity ) maxims sanction$ by _! own g5]al1 to impute to ! au?or ( ,frequ5t ,communion1 & to ! ,si/]s ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t1 ! crime ( n believ+ 9 t sacram5t6 ,ev5 ?is1 h[ev]1 does n satisfy !m4 ,no?+ less w satiate _! rage ?an to accuse _! oppon5ts ( hav+ r5\nc$ ,jesus ,*ri/ & _! baptism4 ,?is is no air-built fable1 l ^? ( y\r inv5tion2 x is a fact1 & d5otes a deliri\s fr5zy1 :i* m>ks ! fatal consummation ( y\r calumnies4 ,su* a notori\s falsehood z ?is w\ld n h be5 9 h&s wor?y to support x1 _h x rema9$ 9 ^? ( y\r good fri5d ,filleau1 ?r\gh :om y u%]$ x into ! _w3 y\r ,society has op5ly adopt$ x2 & y\r ,fa!r ,meyni] ma9ta9$ x ! o!r day to be 8a c]ta9 tru?10 t ,port-,royal has1 = ! space ( ?irty-five ye>s1 be5 =m+ a secret plot1 ( :i* ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran & ,m4 ,d',ypres h be5 ! r+-lead]s1 8to ru9 ! my/]y ( ! inc>nation--to make ! ,gospel pass = an apocryphal fable--to ext]m9ate ! ,*ri/ian religion1 & to erect ,deism ^u ! ru9s ( ,*ri/ianity40 ,is ?is en\gh1 fa!rs8 ,w y be satisfi$ if all ?is be believ$ ( ! objects ( y\r hate8 ,w\ld y\r animosity be glutt$ at l5g?1 if y c\ld b succe$ 9 mak+ !m odi\s1 n only to all )9 ! ,*ur*1 by ! *>ge ( 8cons5t+ ) ,g5eva10 ( :i* y accuse !m1 b ev5 to all :o believe 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 ?\gh beyond ! pale ( ! ,*ur*1 by ! imputation ( ,deism8 ,b :om d y expect to conv9ce1 ^u y\r simple assev]ation1 )\t ! slighte/ %ad[ ( pro(1 & 9 ! face ( e imag9able contradiction1 t prie/s :o prea* no?+ b ! grace ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 ! purity ( ! ,gospel1 & ! obligations ( baptism1 h r5\nc$ at once _! baptism1 ! ,gospel1 & ,jesus ,*ri/8 ,:o w believe x1 fa!rs8 ,wret*$ z y are1#cjg d y believe x y\rselves8 ,:at a sad pr$icam5t is y\rs1 :5 y mu/ ei!r prove t !y d n believe 9 ,jesus ,*ri/1 or mu/ pass = ! mo/ ab&on$ calumniators4 ,prove x1 !n1 fa!rs4 ,"n t 8wor?y cl]gyman10 :o1 y say1 att5d$ t assembly at ,b\rg-,fonta9e#cjh 9 #afba1 & discov]$ to ,bro!r ,filleau ! design !re conc]t$ ( ov]turn+ ! ,*ri/ian religion4 ,"n ^! six p]sons :o y allege to h =m$ t conspiracy4 ,"n ! individual :o is designat$ by ! lett]s ,a4 ,a41 :o y say 80 n ,antony ,arnauld0 7because he conv9c$ y t he 0 at t "t only n9e ye>s ( age71 8b ano!r p]son1 :o y say is /ill 9 life1 b too good a fri5d ( ,m4 ,arnauld n to be kn[n to him40 ,y "k him1 !n1 fa!rs2 & consequ5tly1 if y are n de/itute ( religion y\rselves1 y are b\nd to delate t impi\s wret* to ! k+ & p>liam5t1 t he may be puni%$ accord+ to 8 des]ts4 ,y mu/ speak out1 fa!rs2 y mu/ "n ! p]son1 or submit to ! disgrace ( be+ h5ce=? reg>d$ 9 no o!r light ?an z common li>s1 unwor?y ( be+ ev] cr$it$ aga94 ,good ,fa!r ,val]i5 has taught u t ?is is ! way 9 :i* su* *>act]s %\ld be 8put to ! rack10 & br\ght to _! s5ses4 ,y\r sil5ce ^u ! pres5t *all5ge w furni% a full & satisfactory confirmation ( ?is diabolical calumny4 ,y\r bl9de/ admir]s w be con/ra9$ to admit1 t x w be 8! result1 n ( y\r goodness1 b y\r impot5cy20 & to wond] h[ y c\ld be s wick$ z to ext5d y\r hatr$ ev5 to ! nuns ( ,port-,royal1 & to say1 z y d 9 page #ad1 t ,! ,secret ,*aplet ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t1#cji compos$ by "o ( _! numb]1 0 ! fir/-fruit ( t conspiracy aga9/ ,jesus ,*ri/2 or1 z 9 page #ie1 t 8!y h imbib$ all ! dete/able pr9ciples ( t "w20 :i* is1 accord+ to y\r acc\nt1 8a lesson 9 ,deism40 ,y\r falsehoods reg>d+ t book h already be5 triumphantly refut$1 9 ! def5ce ( ! c5sure ( ! late ,ar*bi%op ( ,p>is aga9/ ,fa!r ,brisaci]4 ,t publication y are incapable ( answ]+2 & yet y d n scruple to abuse x 9 a m %ameful mann] ?an ev]1 = ! purpose ( *>g+ wom51 ^: piety is univ]sally kn[n1 ) ! vile/ blasphemy4 ,cruel1 c[>dly p]secutors6 ,mu/1 !n1 ! mo/ retir$ cloi/]s af=d no retreat f y\r calumnies8 ,:ile ^! consecrat$ virg9s are employ$1 night & day1 accord+ to _! in/itution1 9 ador+ ,jesus ,*ri/ 9 ! holy sacram5t1 y cease n1 night nor day1 to publi% abroad t !y d n believe t he is ei!r 9 ! eu*>i/ or ev5 at ! "r h& ( 8 ,fa!r2 & y are publicly excommunicat+ !m f ! ,*ur*1 at ! v "t :5 !y are 9 secret pray+ = ! :ole ,*ur*1 & = y6 ,y black5 ) y\r sl&]s ^? :o h nei!r e>s to he> nor m\?s to answ] y6 ,b ,jesus ,*ri/1 9 :om !y are n[ hidd51 n to appe> till "o day toge!r ) him1 he>s y1 & answ]s = !m4 ,at ! mom5t ,i am n[ writ+1 t holy & t]rible voice is he>d :i* conf\nds nature & consoles ! ,*ur*4#caj ,& ,i fe>1 fa!rs1 t ^? :o n[ h>d5 _! he>ts1 & refuse ) ob/9acy to he> him1 :ile he speaks 9 ! "* ( ,god1 w "o day be compell$ to he> him ) t]ror1 :5 he speaks to !m 9 ! "* ( a ,judge4 ,:at acc\nt1 inde$1 fa!rs1 w y be able to r5d] to him ( ! _m calumnies y h utt]$1 see+ t he w exam9e !m1 9 t day1 n accord+ to ! fantasies ( ,fa!rs ,dica/ille1 ,gans1 & ,p5nalossa1 :o ju/ify !m1 b accord+ to ! et]nal laws ( tru?1 & ! sacr$ ord9ances ( 8 own ,*ur*1 :i*1 s f> f attempt+ to v9dicate t crime1 abhors x to su* a degree t %e visits x ) ! same p5alty z wilful murd]8 ,by ! fir/ & second ,c\ncils ( ,arles %e has decid$ t ! communion %all be d5i$ to sl&]]s z well z murd]]s1 till ! approa* ( dea?4 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,lat]an has judg$ ^? unwor?y ( admission into ! ecclesia/ical /ate :o h be5 convict$ ( ! crime1 ev5 ?\gh !y may h re=m$4 ,! popes h ev5 ?reat5$ to deprive ( ! communion at dea? ^? :o h calumniat$ bi%ops1 prie/s1 or deacons4 ,& ! au?ors ( a defamatory libel1 :o fail to prove :at !y h advanc$1 are condemn$ by ,pope ,adrian to be :ipp$2--yes1 rev]5d fa!rs1 flagell5tur is ! ^w4 ,s /rong has be5 ! repugnance ( ! ,*ur* at all times to ! errors ( y\r ,society--a ,society s ?or\ghly deprav$ z to inv5t excuses = ! grosse/ ( crimes1 su* z calumny1 *iefly t x may enjoy ! great] fre$om 9 p]petrat+ !m itself4 ,!re c be no d\bt1 fa!rs1 t y w\ld be capable ( produc+ abundance ( mis*ief 9 ?is way1 _h ,god n p]mitt$ y to furni% ) y\r own h&s ! means ( prev5t+ ! evil1 & ( r5d]+ y\r sl&]s p]fectly innocu\s2 =1 to deprive y ( all cr$ibility1 x 0 q en\gh to publi% ! /range maxim1 t x is no crime to calumniate4 ,calumny is no?+1 if n associat$ ) a high reputation = hone/y4 ,! defam] c make no impression1 unless he has ! "* ( "o t abhors defamation1 z a crime ( :i* he is incapable4 ,& ?us1 fa!rs1 y are betray$ by y\r own pr9ciple4 ,y e/abli%$ ! doctr9e to secure y\rselves a safe consci5ce1 t y might sl&] )\t risk ( damnation1 & be rank$ ) ^? 8pi\s & holy calumniators0 ( :om ,/4 ,a?anasius speaks4 ,to save y\rselves f hell1 y h embrac$ a maxim :i* promises y ?is security on ! fai? ( y\r doctors2 b ?is same maxim1 :ile x gu>antees y1 accord+ to _! idea1 aga9/ ! evils y dread 9 ! future _w1 deprives y ( all ! advantage y may h expect$ to reap f x 9 ! pres5t2 s t1 9 attempt+ to escape ! guilt1 y h lo/ ! b5efit ( calumny4 ,su* is ! self-contr>iety ( evil1 & s completely does x conf\nd & de/roy itself by its own intr9sic malignity4 ,y might h sl&]$1 !re=e1 mu* m advantage\sly = y\rselves1 _h y pr(ess$ to hold1 ) ,/4 ,paul1 t evil speak]s are n wor?y to see ,god2 = 9 ?is case1 ?\gh y w\ld inde$ h be5 condemn+ y\rselves1 y\r sl&]s w\ld at lea/ h /ood a bett] *ance ( be+ believ$4 ,b by ma9ta9+1 z y h done1 t calumny aga9/ y\r enemies is no crime1 y\r sl&]s w be discr$it$1 & y y\rselves damn$ into ! b>ga92 = two ?+s are c]ta91 fa!rs--fir/1 ,t x w nev] be 9 ! p[] ( y\r grave doctors to annihilate ! ju/ice ( ,god2 &1 secondly1 ,t y c\ld n give m c]ta9 evid5ce t y are n ( ! ,tru? ?an by y\r resort+ to falsehood4 ,if ! ,tru? 7 on y\r side1 %e w\ld fight = y--%e w\ld conqu] = y2 & :atev] enemies y might h to enc\nt]1 8! ,tru? w\ld set y free0 f !m1 accord+ to h] promise4 ,b y h _h rec\rse to falsehood1 = no o!r design ?an to support ! errors ) :i* y flatt] ! s9ful *ildr5 ( ?is _w1 & to bol/] up ! calumnies ) :i* y p]secute e man ( piety :o sets 8 face aga9/ ^! delusions4 ,! tru? be+ diametrically oppos$ to y\r ends1 x behoov$ y1 to use ! language ( ! prophet1 8to put y\r confid5ce 9 lies40 ,y h said1 8,! sc\rges :i* afflict mank9d %all n come nigh unto u2 = we h made lies our refuge1 & "u falsehood h we hid ourselves40#caa ,b :at says ! prophet 9 reply to su*8 8,=asmu*10 says he1 8z ye h put y\r tru/ 9 calumny & tumult--sp]a/is 9 calumnia et 9 tumultu--?is iniquity & y\r ru9 %all be l t ( a high wall ^: break+ come? sudd5ly at an in/ant4 ,& he %all break x z ! break+ ( ! pott]'s vessel t is %iv]$ 9 pieces0--) su* viol5ce t 8!re %all n be f\nd 9 ! bur/+ ( x a %r$ to take fire f ! he>?1 or to take wat] )al out ( ! pit40#cab 8,because10 z ano!r prophet says1 8ye h made ! he>t ( ! righte\s sad1 :om ,i h n made sad2 & ye h flatt]$ & /r5g!n$ ! malice ( ! wick$2 ,i w !re=e deliv] my p out ( y\r h&s1 & ye %all "k t ,i am _! ,"l & y\rs40#cac ,yes1 fa!rs1 x is to be hop$ t if y d n rep5t1 ,god w deliv] out ( y\r h&s ^? :om y h s long delud$1 ei!r by flatt]+ !m 9 _! evil c\rses ) y\r lic5ti\s maxims1 or by poison+ _! m9ds ) y\r sl&]s4 ,he w conv9ce ! =m] t ! false rules ( y\r casui/s w n scre5 !m f 8 indignation2 & he w impress on ! m9ds ( ! latt] ! j dread ( los+ _! s\ls by li/5+ & yield+ cr$it to y\r sl&]s1 z y lose y\rs by hat*+ ^! sl&]s & dissem9at+ !m ?r\gh ! _w4 ,let no man be deceiv$2 ,god is n mock$2 none may violate ) impunity ! comm&m5t :i* he has giv5 u 9 ! ,gospel1 n to condemn our neighbor )\t be+ well assur$ ( 8 guilt4 ,&1 consequ5tly1 :at pr(ession soev] ( piety ^? may make :o l5d a will+ e> to y\r ly+ devices1 & "u :at pret5ce soev] ( devotion !y may ent]ta9 !m1 !y h reason to appreh5d exclusion f ! k+dom ( ,god1 solely = hav+ imput$ crimes ( su* a d>k complexion z h]esy & s*ism to ,ca?olic prie/s & holy nuns1 ^u no bett] evid5ce ?an su* vile fabrications z y\rs4 8,! devil10 says ,m4 de ,g5eve1#cad 8is on ! tongue ( him t sl&]s1 & 9 ! e> ( him t li/5s to ! sl&]]40 8,& evil speak+10 says ,/4 ,b]n>d1 8is a poison t ext+ui%es *>ity 9 bo? ( ! p>ties2 s t a s+le calumny may prove mortal to an inf9ite numb] ( s\ls1 kill+ n only ^? :o publi% x1 b all ^? besides by :om x is n repudiat$40#cae ,rev]5d fa!rs1 my lett]s 7 n wont ei!r to be s prolix1 or to foll[ s closely on "o ano!r4 ,want ( "t mu/ plead my excuse = bo? ( ^! faults4 ,! pres5t lett] is a v long "o1 simply because ,i _h no leisure to make x %ort]4 ,y "k ! reason ( ?is ha/e bett] ?an ,i d4 ,y h be5 unlucky 9 y\r answ]s4 ,y h done well1 !re=e1 to *ange y\r plan2 b ,i am afraid t y w get no cr$it = x1 & t p w say x 0 done = fe> ( ! ,b5$ict9es4 99 99 99 99 99 ,i h j come to le>n t ! p]son :o 0 g5]ally report$ to be ! au?or ( y\r ,apologies1 disclaims !m1 & is annoy$ at _! hav+ be5 ascrib$ to him4 ,he has good reason2 & ,i 0 wrong to h suspect$ him ( any su* ?+2 =1 9 spite ( ! assurances :i* ,i receiv$1 ,i ought to h consid]$ t he 0 a man ( too mu* good s5se to believe y\r accusations1 & ( too mu* honor to publi% !m if he did n believe !m4 ,!re are few p 9 ! _w capable ( y\r extravagances2 !y are peculi> to y\rselves1 & m>k y\r "* too pla9ly to admit ( any excuse = hav+ fail$ to recognize y\r h& 9 _! concoction4 ,i 0 l$ away by ! common report2 b ?is apology1 :i* w\ld be too good = y1 is n suffici5t = me1 :o pr(ess to advance no?+ )\t c]ta9 pro(4 ,9 no o!r in/ance h ,i be5 guilty ( dep>t+ f ?is rule4 ,i am sorry = :at ,i said4 ,i retract x2 & ,i only wi% t y may pr(it by my example4#caf ----- ,footnote #bgg3 ,! plan & mat]ials ( ?is lett] 7 furni%$ by ,m4 ,nicole4 7,nicole1 iv4 #bdc47 ,footnote #bgh3 ,jans5ius1 :o 0 made ,bi%op ( ,ipres or ,ypres1 9 #afcf4 ,! lett]s to :i* ,pascal ref]s 7 pr9t$ at t "t by ! ,jesuits !mselves1 :o reta9$ ! orig9als 9 _! possession2 ^! hav+ come into _! h&s 9 consequ5ce ( ! arre/ ( ,m4 ,de ,/4 ,cyran4 ,footnote #bgi3 ,! ,jesuits mu/ pass ?r\gh a long novitiate1 be=e !y are admitt$ z 8pr(ess$0 memb]s ( ! ,society4 ,footnote #bhj3 ,ps4 lxxxiii4 #af4 ,footnote #bha3 ,pp4 #if1 #d4 ,footnote #bhb3 ,x is h>dly necess>y to obs]ve1 t 9 ?is passage ! ,prote/ant fai? on ! supp] is n fairly repres5t$4 ,! ,re=m]s did n d5y t ,*ri/ 0 really pres5t 9 t sacram5t4 ,!y held t he 0 pres5t spiritually1 ?\gh n corporeally4 ,"s ( !m express$ !mselves /rongly 9 opposition to ^? :o spoke ( ! supp] z a m]e or b>e sign4 ,calv9 says3 8,!re are two ?+s 9 ! sacram5t--corporeal symbols1 by :i* ?+s invisible are propos$ to ! s5ses2 & a spiritual tru?1 :i* is repres5t$ & seal$ by ! symbols4 ,9 ! my/]y ( ! supp]1 ,*ri/ is truly exhibit$ to u1 & !re=e 8 body & blood40 7,in/41 lib4 iv41 cap4 #ag1 #aa47 8,! body ( ,*ri/10 says ,pet] ,m>tyr 7,loc4 ,com41 iv4 #aj71 8is n sub/antially pres5t any:]e b 9 heav54 ,i d n1 h[ev]1 d5y t 8 true body & true blood1 :i* 7 (f]$ = human r$emption on ! cross1 are spiritually p>tak5 ( by believ]s 9 ! holy supp]40 ,?is is ! g5]al s5tim5t ( ,prote/ant div9es4 7,de ,moor1 9 ,m>ck1 ,comp5d4 ,!ol41 p4 v4 #fgi1 c47 ,footnote #bhc3 ,second lett] ( ,m4 ,arnauld1 p4 #bei4 ,footnote #bhd3 ,ibid41 p4 #bdc4 ,footnote #bhe3 ,frequ5t ,communion1 #c;d "p1 *4 #af4 ,poitr9e--t is1 ! bodily brea/ or /oma*1 9 opposition to cur--! he>t or s\l4 ,footnote #bhf3 ,ibid41 #a/ "p1 *4 #dj4 ,footnote #bhg3 ,!olog4 ,fam41 lec4 #ae4 ,footnote #bhh3 ,ibid4 ,footnote #bhi3 ,de la ,susp5sion4 ,rais4 #ba4 ,footnote #bij3 ,ibid41 p4 #bc4 ,footnote #bia3 ,h\rs ( ! ,holy ,sacram5t1 9 ,prose4 ,footnote #bib3 ,lett]s ( ,m4 de ,/4 ,cyran1 tom4 i41 let4 #ic4 ,footnote #bic3 ,ibid4 ,footnote #bid3 ,lett] #cb4 ,footnote #bie3 ,lett] #gb4 ,footnote #bif3 ,def5ce ( ! ,*aplet ( ! ,h4 ,sacram5t1 p4 #bag4 ,footnote #big3 ,!ol4 ,famil41 lec4 #ae4 ,footnote #bih3 ,ibid41 p4 #aec4 ,footnote #bii3 ,john ,me/rezat1 ,prote/ant m9i/] ( ,p>is1 0 born at ,g5eva 9 #aeib & di$ 9 ,may #afeg4 ,8 ,s]mons on ! ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews & o!r disc\rses1 publi%$ aft] 8 dea?1 are truly excell5t4 ,?is le>n$ & eloqu5t div9e frequ5tly engag$ 9 controv]sy ) ! ,romani/s1 & on "o occasion manag$ ! debate ) su* _s t ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu1 tak+ hold ( 8 %\ld]1 exclaim$3 8,?is is ! bolde/ m9i/] 9 ,france40 7,bayle1 ,dict41 art4 ,me/rezat47 ,footnote #cjj3 ,! /atem5t ( ! ,prote/ant fai?1 giv5 9 a prec$+ note1 may suffice to %[ t x diff]s1 toto clo1 f t ( ,rome1 z ?is is expla9$ 9 ! text4 ,! lead+ fallacy ( ! ,romi% cre$ on ?is subject is ! mon/r\s dogma ( transub/antiation2 ! adoration ( ! ho/ is m]ely a coroll>y4 ,calv9i/s & ,lu!rans ?\gh diff]+ 9 _! views ( ! ord9ance1 always agre$ 9 ackn[l$g+ ! real pres5ce ( ,*ri/ 9 ! eu*>i/1 ?\gh !y consid] ! s5se 9 :i* ,romani/s int]pret t t]m to be *>geable ) blasphemy & absurdity4 ,footnote #cja3 ,masc>41 tr4 #d1 disp4 #e1 n4 #bhd4 ,footnote #cjb3 ,ecclesia/icus 7,apocrypha74 ,footnote #cjc3 ,freq4 ,com41 #c "p1 *4 #aa4 ,footnote #cjd3 ,eccles4 iv4 #be 7,apocrypha74 ,footnote #cje3 ,jean du ,v]g] de ,hauranne1 ! ,abb de ,sa9t ,cyran 0 born at ,bayonne 9 #aeha4 ,he 0 ! intimate fri5d ( ,jans5ius & a man ( great piety & tal5ts1 b 0 seiz$ z a h]etic1 & ?r[n by ,c>d9al ,ri*elieu into ! dungeon ( ,v9c5nes4 ,aft] five ye>s' imprisonm5t he 0 releas$1 b di$ %ortly aft]1 ,octob]1 #aa1 #afdc4 ,by 8 foll[]s1 ,m4 de ,sa9t ,cyran 0 rev]5c$ z a sa9t & a m>tyr4 ,footnote #cjf3 ,?is ,fa!r ,j>rige 0 a fam\s ,jesuit1 :o became a ,prote/ant1 & publi%$1 aft] 8 sep>ation f ,rome1 a book1 entitl$ 8,le ,jesuite sur l',e*affaut--,! ,jesuit on ! ,scaffold10 9 :i* he treats 8 old fri5ds ) no m]cy4 ,footnote #cjg3 ,misrables que v\s tes--"o ( ! bitt]e/ expressions :i* ,pascal has appli$ to 8 oppon5ts & "o :i* !y h deeply felt1 b ! full =ce ( :i* c h>dly be r5d]$ into ,engli%4 ,footnote #cjh3 ,) reg>d to ?is fam\s assembly at ,b\rg-,fonta9e1 9 :i* x 0 alleg$ a conspiracy 0 =m$ by ! ,jans5i/s aga9/ ! ,*ri/ian religion1 ! curi\s read] may consult ! "w ( ,m4 ,arnauld entitl$ ,morale ,pratique des ,jesuites1 vol4 viii41 :]e !re is a detail$ acc\nt ( ! :ole proce$+s4 7,nicole1 iv4 #bhc47 ,footnote #cji3 ,! ,secret ,*aplet ( ! mo/ ,holy ,sacram5t4--,su* 0 ! title ( a v h>mless piece ( my/ic devotion ( ?ree or f\r pages1 ! production ( a nun ( ,port-,royal1 call$ ,si/] ,agns de ,sa9t ,paul1 :i* appe>$ 9 #afbh4 ,x excit$ ! jeal\sy ( ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,s5s--set ! doctors ( ,p>is & ^? ( ,l\va9 by ! e>s--occasion$ a w> ( pamphlets & 0 f9ally c>ri$ by appeal to ! ,c\rt ( ,rome1 by :i* x 0 suppress$4 7,nicole1 iv4 #cjb47 ,agns de ,/4 ,paul 0 ! y\ng] si/] ( ! ,mre ,anglique ,arnauld1 & bo? ( !m 7 si/]s ( ! celebrat$ ,m4 ,arnauld4 ,footnote #caj3 ,?is ref]s to ! celebrat$ miracles ( 8! ,holy ,?orn10 ! fir/ ( :i*1 said to h lately tak5 place 9 ,port-,royal1 0 !n creat+ mu* s5sation4 ,! facts are briefly ^!3 ,a ?orn1 said to h belong$ to ! cr[n ( ?orns worn by our ,savi\r1 hav+ be5 pres5t$1 9 ,m>* #afef1 to ! ,mona/]y ( ,port-,royal1 ! nuns & _! "y pupils 7 p]mitt$1 ea* 9 turn1 to kiss ! relic4 ,"o ( ! latt]1 ,m>g>et ,p]i]1 ! niece ( ,pascal1 a girl ( ab\t t5 or elev5 ye>s ( age1 _h be5 long tr\bl$ ) a disease 9 ! eye 7fi/ula la*rymalis71 :i* _h baffl$ ! skill ( all ! physicians ( ,p>is4 ,on approa*+ ! holy ?orn1 %e appli$ x to ! diseas$ organ1 & %ortly !reaft] exclaim$1 to ! surprise & delight ( all ! si/]s1 t h] eye 0 completely cur$4 ,a c]tificate1 sign$ by "s ( ! mo/ celebrat$ physicians1 atte/$ ! cure z1 9 _! op9ion a miracul\s "o4 ,! fri5ds ( ,port-,royal1 & none m ?an ,pascal1 7 ov]joy$ at ?is int]position1 :i*1 be+ foll[$ by o!r extraord9>y cures1 !y reg>d$ z a voice f heav5 9 favor ( t in/itution4 ,! ,jesuits alone reject$ x ) ridicule1 & publi%$ a piece1 entitl$ 8,rabat-joie1 c4--,a ,damp]3 or1 ,obs]vations on :at has lately happ5$ at ,port-,royal z to ! affair ( ! ,holy ,?orn40 ,?is 0 answ]$ 9 ,novemb] #afef1 9 a tract suppos$ to h be5 writt5 by ,m4 de ,pont ,*teau1 :o 0 call$ 8! ,cl]k ( ! ,holy ,?orn10 assi/$ by ,pascal4 7,recueil de ,pieces1 c4 de ,port-,royal1 pp4 #bhc-ddh47 ,x has be5 well obs]v$1 8t _m labori\s & volum9\s discussions might h be5 sav$1 if ! simple & v reasonable rule _h be5 adopt$ ( waiv+ inve/igation into ! cr$ibility ( any n>rative ( sup]natural or pret5d$ sup]natural ev5ts said to h tak5 place ^u consecrat$ gr\nd1 or "u sacr$ ro(s40 7,natural ,hi/4 ( ,en?usiasm1 p4 #bcf47 8,x is well kn[n10 says ,mo%eim1 8t ! ,jans5i/s & ,augu/9ians h long pret5d$ to confirm _! doctr9e by miracles2 & !y ev5 ackn[l$ge t ^! miracles h sav$ !m :5 _! affairs h be5 r$uc$ to a desp]ate situation40 7,mo%4 ,eccl4 ,hi/41 c5t4 xvii41 sect4 #b47 ,footnote #caa3 ,isa4 xxviii4 #ae4 ,footnote #cab3 ,isa4 xxx4 #ab-ad4 ,footnote #cac3 ,ezek4 xiii4 #bc4 ,pascal does n1 ei!r "h or else:]e1 :5 quot+ f ,scripture1 adh]e v closely to ! orig9al1 nor ev5 to ! ,vulgate v]sion4 ,footnote #cad3 ,?is 0 ! "n giv5 to ,/4 ,francis de ,sales1 bi%op & pr9ce ( ,g5eva1 previ\sly to 8 canonization1 :i* took place 9 #affe4 ,footnote #cae3 ,s]m4 #bd 9 ,cantic4 ,footnote #caf3 ,^! two po/scripts h be5 (t5 admir$--! =m] = ! au?or's elegant excuse = ! l5g? ( 8 lett]2 ! latt] = ! adroitness ) :i* he turns 8 apology = an undesign$ mi/ake into a /roke at ! dis+5u\sness ( 8 oppon5ts4 ,,lett] ,,xvii4#cag ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!r ,,annat1 ,,jesuit4#cah ,,! ,,au?or ,,( ,,! ,,lett]s ,,v9dicat$ ,,f ,,! ,,*>ge ,,( ,,h]esy--,,an ,,h]etical ,,phantom--,,popes ,,& ,,g5]al ,,c\ncils ,,n ,,infallible ,,9 ,,que/ions ,,( ,,fact4 ,janu>y #bc1 #afeg4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!r1--,y\r =m] behavior _h induc$ me to believe t y 7 anxi\s = a truce 9 our ho/ilities2 & ,i 0 q dispos$ to agree t x %\ld be s4 ,( late1 h[ev]1 y h p\r$ =? su* a volley ( pamphlets1 9 su* rapid succession1 z to make x app>5t t peace re/s on a v prec>i\s foot+ :5 x dep5ds on ! sil5ce ( ,jesuits4 ,i "k n if ?is rupture w prove v advantage\s to y2 b1 = my "p1 ,i am f> f regrett+ ! opportunity :i* x af=ds me ( rebutt+ t /ale *>ge ( h]esy ) :i* y\r writ+s ab\nd4 ,x is full "t1 inde$1 t ,i %\ld1 once = all1 put a /op to ! lib]ty y h tak5 to treat me z a h]etic--a piece ( gratuit\s imp]t95ce :i* seems to increase by indulg5ce1 & :i* is exhibit$ 9 y\r la/ book 9 a /yle ( su* intol]able assurance1 t 7 ,i n to answ] ! *>ge z x des]ves1 ,i might lay myself op5 to ! suspicion ( be+ actually guilty4 ,s long z ! insult 0 conf9$ to y\r associates ,i despis$ x1 z ,i did a ?\s& o!rs ) :i* !y int]l>d$ _! productions4 ,to ^! my fifte5? lett] 0 a suffici5t reply4 ,b y n[ repeat ! *>ge ) a diff]5t air3 y make x ! ma9 po9t ( y\r v9dication4 ,x is1 9 fact1 almo/ ! only ?+ 9 ! %ape ( argum5t t y employ4 ,y say t1 8z a complete answ] to my fifte5 lett]s1 x is en\gh to say fifte5 times t ,i am a h]etic2 & hav+ be5 pron\nc$ su*1 ,i des]ve no cr$it40 ,9 %ort1 y make no "q ( my apo/asy1 b assume x z a settl$ po9t1 on :i* y may build ) all confid5ce4 ,y are s]i\s !n1 fa!r1 x w\ld seem1 9 deem+ me a h]etic4 ,i %all be equally s]i\s 9 reply+ to ! *>ge4 ,y are well aw>e1 sir1 t h]esy is a *>ge ( s grave a "*1 t x is an act ( high presumption to advance1 )\t be+ prep>$ to sub/antiate x4 ,i n[ dem& y\r pro(s4 ,:5 0 ,i se5 at ,*>5ton8 ,:5 did ,i fail 9 my pres5ce at mass1 or 9 my ,*ri/ian duty to my p>i% *ur*8 ,:at act ( union ) h]etics1 or ( s*ism ) ! ,*ur*1 c y lay to my *>ge8 ,:at c\ncil h ,i contradict$8 ,:at papal con/itution h ,i violat$8 ,y mu/ answ]1 fa!r1 else----,y "k :at ,i mean4#cai ,& :at d y answ]8 ,i besee* all to obs]ve x3 ,fir/ ( all1 y assume 8t ! au?or ( ! lett]s is a ,port-,royali/20 !n y tell u 8t ,port-,royal is decl>$ to be h]etical20 &1 !re=e1 y conclude1 8! au?or ( ! lett]s mu/ be a h]etic40 ,x is n on me1 !n1 fa!r1 t ! weight ( ?is indictm5t falls1 b on ,port-,royal2 & ,i am only involv$ 9 ! crime because y suppose me to belong to t e/abli%m5t2 s t x w be no difficult matt] = me to exculpate myself f ! *>ge4 ,i h no m to say ?an t ,i am n a memb] ( t community2 & to ref] y to my lett]s1 9 :i* ,i h decl>$ t 8,i am a private individual20 & aga9 9 s _m words1 t 8,i am n ( ,port-,royal10 z ,i said 9 my sixte5? lett]1 :i* prec$$ y\r publication4 ,y mu/ fall on "s o!r way1 !n1 to prove me a h]etic1 o!rwise ! :ole _w w be conv9c$ t x is beyond y\r p[] to make good y\r accusation4 ,prove f my writ+s t ,i d n receive ! con/itution4#cbj ,my lett]s are n v volum9\s--!re are b sixte5 ( !m--& ,i defy y or anybody else to detect 9 !m ! slighte/ f\ndation = su* a *>ge4 ,i %all1 h[ev]1 ) y\r p]mission1 produce some?+ out ( !m to prove ! rev]se4 ,:51 = example1 ,i say 9 ! f\rte5? t1 8by kill+ our bre?r5 9 mortal s91 accord+ to y\r maxims1 we are damn+ ^? = :om ,jesus ,*ri/ di$10 d ,i n pla9ly ackn[l$ge t ,jesus ,*ri/ di$ = ^? :o may be damn$1 &1 consequ5tly1 decl>e x to be false 8t he di$ only = ! pr$e/9at$10 :i* is ! error condemn$ 9 ! fif? proposition8 ,c]ta9 x is1 fa!r1 t ,i h n said a ^w 9 behalf ( ^! impi\s propositions1 :i* ,i dete/ ) all my he>t4#cba ,& ev5 ?\gh ,port-,royal %\ld hold !m1 ,i prote/ aga9/ y\r draw+ any conclusion f ?is aga9/ me1 z1 ?ank ,god1 ,i h no sort ( connection ) any community except ! ,ca?olic1 ,apo/olic & ,roman ,*ur*1 9 ! bosom ( :i* ,i desire to live & die1 9 communion ) ! pope1 ! head ( ! ,*ur*1 & beyond ! pale ( :i* ,i am p]suad$ !re is no salvation4 ,h[ are y to get at a p]son :o talks 9 ?is way1 fa!r8 ,on :at qu>t] w y assail me1 s9ce nei!r my words nor my writ+s af=d ! slighte/ h&le to y\r accusations1 & ! obscurity 9 :i* my p]son is envelop$ =ms my protection aga9/ y\r ?reat5+s8 ,y feel y\rselves smitt5 by an invisible h&--a h&1 h[ev]1 :i* makes y\r del9qu5cies visible to all2 & 9 va9 d y try to /rike at me 9 ! d>k1 ?r\gh ! sides ( ^? ) :om y suppose me to be associat$4 ,i fe> y n1 ei!r on my own acc\nt or on t ( any o!r1 be+ b\nd by no tie ei!r to a community or to any individual :atsoev]4#cbb ,all ! influ5ce :i* y\r ,society possesses c be ( no avail 9 my case4 ,f ?is _w ,i h no?+ to hope1 no?+ to dread1 no?+ to desire4 ,?r\gh ! goodness ( ,god1 ,i h no ne$ ( any man's money or any man's patronage4 ,?us1 fa!r1 ,i elude all y\r attempts to cat* hold ( me4 ,y may t\* ,port-,royal if y *oose1 b y %all n t\* me4 ,y may turn p out ( ! ,sorbonne1 b t w n turn me out ( my domicile4 ,y may hat* plots aga9/ prie/s & doctors1 b n aga9/ me1 = ,i am nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r4 ,& ?us1 fa!r1 y nev] p]haps _h to d1 9 ! :ole c\rse ( y\r exp]i5ce1 ) a p]son s completely beyond y\r rea*1 & !re=e s admirably qualifi$ = deal+ ) y\r errors--"o p]fectly free--"o )\t engagem5t1 entanglem5t1 relation%ip1 or bus9ess ( any k9d--"o1 too1 :o is pretty well v]s$ 9 y\r maxims1 & det]m9$1 z ,god %all give him light1 to discuss !m1 )\t p]mitt+ any e>?ly consid]ation to arre/ or slack5 8 endeavors4 ,s9ce1 !n1 y c d no?+ aga9/ me1 :at good purpose c x s]ve to publi% s _m calumnies1 z y & y\r bre?r5 are do+1 aga9/ a class ( p]sons :o are 9 no way implicat$ 9 our disputes8 ,y %all n escape "u ^! subt]fuges3 y %all be made to feel ! =ce ( ! tru? 9 spite ( !m4 ,h[ does ! case /&8 ,i tell y t y are ru9+ ,*ri/ian morality by divorc+ x f ! love ( ,god1 & disp5s+ ) its obligation2 & y talk ab\t 8! dea? ( ,fa!r ,me/]0--a p]son :om ,i nev] saw 9 my life4 ,i tell y t y\r au?ors p]mit a man to kill ano!r = ! sake ( an apple1 :5 x w\ld be di%onorable to lose x2 & y reply by in=m+ me t somebody 8has brok5 into ! poor's box at ,/4 ,m]ri60 ,aga91 :at c y possibly mean by mix+ me up p]petually ) ! book 8,on ! ,holy ,virg9ity10 writt5 by "s fa!r ( ! ,oratory1 :om ,i nev] saw1 any m ?an 8 book8#cbc ,x is r extraord9>y1 fa!r1 t y %\ld ?us reg>d all t are oppos$ to y z if !y 7 "o p]son4 ,y\r hatr$ w\ld grasp !m all at once1 & w\ld hold !m z a body ( reprobates1 e "o ( :om is responsible = all ! re/4 ,!re is a va/ diff]5ce betwe5 ,jesuits & all _! oppon5ts4 ,!re c be no d\bt t y compose "o body1 unit$ "u "o head2 & y\r regulations1 z ,i h %[n1 prohibit y f pr9t+ any?+ )\t ! approbation ( y\r sup]iors1 :o are responsible = all ! errors ( individual writ]s1 & :o 8_c excuse !mselves by say+ t !y did n obs]ve ! errors 9 any publication1 = !y ought to h obs]v$ !m40 ,s say y\r ord9ances1 & s say ! lett]s ( y\r g5]als1 ,aquaviva1 ,vitelles*i1 c4 ,we h good reason1 !re=e1 = *>g+ ^u y ! errors ( y\r associates1 :5 we f9d !y are sanction$ by y\r sup]iors & ! div9es ( y\r ,society4 ,) me1 h[ev]1 fa!r1 ! case /&s o!rwise4 ,i h n subscrib$ ! book ( ! ,holy ,virg9ity4 ,all ! alms-boxes 9 ,p>is may be brok5 into1 & yet ,i am n ! less a good ,ca?olic = all t4 ,9 %ort1 ,i beg to in=m y1 9 ! pla9e/ t]ms1 t nobody is responsible = my lett]s b myself1 & t ,i am responsible = no?+ b my lett]s4 ,"h1 fa!r1 ,i might fairly en\gh h br\ght our dispute to an issue1 )\t say+ a ^w ab\t ^? o!r p]sons :om y /igmatize z h]etics1 9 ord] to compreh5d me "u t condemnation4 ,b z ,i h be5 ! occasion ( _! ill treatm5t1 ,i consid] myself b\nd 9 "s sort to improve ! occasion1 & ,i %all take advantage ( x 9 ?ree p>ticul>s4 ,"o advantage1 n inconsid]able 9 its way1 is t x w enable me to v9dicate ! innoc5ce ( s _m calumniat$ individuals4 ,ano!r1 n inappropriate to my subject1 w be to disclose1 at ! same "t1 ! artifices ( y\r policy 9 ?is accusation4 ,b ! advantage :i* ,i prize mo/ ( all ?is1 t x af=ds me an opportunity ( appriz+ ! _w ( ! falsehood ( t sc&al\s report :i* y h be5 s busily dissem9at+1 namely1 8t ! ,*ur* is divid$ by a new h]esy40 ,& z y are deceiv+ multitudes into ! belief t ! po9ts on :i* y are rais+ su* a /orm are ess5tial to ! fai?1 ,i consid] x ( ! la/ importance to qua% ^! unf\nd$ impressions1 & di/9ctly to expla9 "h :at ^! po9ts are1 s z to %[ t1 9 po9t ( fact1 !re are no h]etics 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,i presume1 !n1 t 7 ! "q to be ask$1 ,:]e9 consi/s ! h]esy ( ^? call$ ,jans5i/s8 ! imm$iate reply w\ld be1 8,^! p hold t ! comm&m5ts ( ,god are impracticable to m5--t grace is irresi/ible--t we h n free w to d ei!r good or evil--t ,jesus ,*ri/ did n die = all m51 b only = ! elect2 9 %ort1 !y ma9ta9 ! five propositions condemn$ by ! pope40 ,d y n give x out to all t ?is is ! gr\nd on :i* y p]secute y\r oppon5ts8 ,h y n said z mu* 9 y\r books1 9 y\r conv]sations1 9 y\r cate*isms8 ,a specim5 ( ?is y gave at ! late ,*ri/mas fe/ival at ,/4 ,l\is4 ,"o ( y\r little %eph]desses 0 que/ion$ ?us3-- 8,= :om did ,jesus ,*ri/ come into ! _w1 my de>80 8,= all m51 fa!r40 8,inde$1 my *ild2 s y are n "o ( ^? new h]etics :o say t he came only = ! elect80 ,?us *ildr5 are l$ to believe y1 & _m o!rs beside *ildr52 = y ent]ta9 p ) ! same /uff 9 y\r s]mons1 z ,fa!r ,crasset did at ,orleans1 be=e he 0 laid "u an int]dict4 ,& ,i frankly own t1 at "o "t1 ,i believ$ y myself4 ,y _h giv5 me precisely ! same idea ( ^! good p2 s t :5 y press$ !m on ^! propositions1 ,i n>r[ly wat*$ _! answ]1 det]m9$ nev] to see !m m1 if !y did n r5\nce !m z palpable impieties4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 !y h done 9 ! mo/ unequivocal way4 ,m4 de ,sa9te-,beuve1#cbd k+'s pr(essor 9 ! ,sorbonne1 c5sur$ ^! propositions 9 8 publi%$ writ+s long be=e ! pope2 & o!r ,augu/9ian doctors1 9 v>i\s publications1 &1 among o!rs1 9 a "w 8,on ,victori\s ,grace10#cbe reject ! same articles z bo? h]etical & /range doctr9es4 ,9 ! preface to t "w !y say t ^! propositions are 8h]etical & ,lu!ran1 =g$ & fabricat$ at pleasure1 & are nei!r to be f\nd 9 ,jans5ius1 nor 9 8 def5d]s40 ,!y compla9 ( be+ *>g$ ) su* s5tim5ts1 & address y 9 ! words ( ,/4 ,prosp]1 ! fir/ disciple ( ,/4 ,augu/9e _! ma/]1 to :om ! semi-,pelagians ( ,france _h ascrib$ simil> op9ions1 ) ! view ( br++ him into disgrace3 8,!re are p]sons :o d5\nce u1 s bl9d$ by passion t !y h adopt$ means = do+ s :i* ru9 _! own reputation4 ,!y h1 = ?is purpose1 fabricat$ propositions ( ! mo/ impi\s & blasphem\s "*1 :i* !y indu/ri\sly circulate1 to make p believe t we ma9ta9 !m 9 ! wick$ s5se :i* !y are pleas$ to atta* to !m4 ,b our reply w %[ at once our innoc5ce1 & ! malignity ( ^! p]sons :o h ascrib$ to u a set ( impi\s t5ets1 ( :i* !y are !mselves ! sole inv5tors40 ,truly1 fa!r1 :5 ,i f\nd t !y _h spok5 9 ?is way be=e ! appe>ance ( ! papal con/itution--:5 ,i saw t !y aft]w>ds receiv$ t decree ) all possible respect1 t !y (f]$ to subscribe x1 & t ,m4 ,arnauld _h decl>$ all ?is 9 8 second lett]1 9 /rong] t]ms ?an ,i c report him1 ,i %\ld h consid]$ x a s9 to d\bt _! s\ndness 9 ! fai?4 ,&1 9 fact1 ^? :o 7 =m]ly dispos$ to refuse absolution to ,m4 ,arnauld's fri5ds1 h s9ce decl>$1 t aft] 8 explicit disclaim] ( ! errors imput$ to him1 !re 0 no reason left = cutt+ (f ei!r him or !m f ! communion ( ! ,*ur*4 ,y\r associates1 h[ev]1 h act$ v diff]5tly2 & x 0 ?is t made me beg9 to suspect t y 7 actuat$ by prejudice4 ,y ?reat5$ fir/ to compel !m to sign t con/itution1 s long z y ?\ght !y w\ld resi/ x2 b no soon] did y see !m q ready ( _! own accord to submit to x1 ?an we he>d no m ab\t ?is4 ,/ill1 h[ev]1 ?\gh "o might suppose ?is ought to h satisfi$ y1 y p]si/$ 9 call+ !m h]etics1 8because10 said y1 8_! he>t belies _! h&2 !y are ,ca?olics outw>dly1 b inw>dly !y are h]etics40#cbf ,?is1 fa!r1 /ruck me z v /range reason+2 = :]e is ! p]son ( :om z mu* may n be said at any "t8 ,& :at endless tr\ble & confusion w\ld ensue1 7 x all[$ to g on6 8,if10 says ,pope ,/4 ,gregory1 8we refuse to believe a confession ( fai? made 9 con=mity to ! s5tim5ts ( ! ,*ur*1 we ca/ a d\bt ov] ! fai? ( all ,ca?olics :atsoev]40 ,i am afraid1 fa!r1 to use ! words ( ! same pontiff1 :5 speak+ ( a simil> dispute 9 8 "t1 8t y\r object is to make ^! p]sons h]etics 9 spite ( !mselves2 because to refuse to cr$it ^? :o te/ify by _! confession t !y are 9 ! true fai?1 is n to purge h]esy1 b to create x--hoc non e/ hresim purg>e1 s$ fac]e04 ,b :at confirm$ me 9 my p]suasion t !re 0 inde$ no h]etic 9 ! ,*ur*1 0 f9d+ t our s-call$ h]etics _h v9dicat$ !mselves s successfully1 t y 7 unable to accuse !m ( a s+le error 9 ! fai?1 & t y 7 r$uc$ to ! necessity ( assail+ !m on que/ions ( fact only1 t\*+ ,jans5ius1 :i* c\ld n possibly be con/ru$ into h]esy4 ,y insi/1 x n[ appe>s1 on _! be+ compell$ to ackn[l$ge 8t ^! propositions are conta9$ 9 ,jans5ius1 ^w = ^w1 e "o ( !m1 9 s _m t]ms10 or1 z y express x1 ,s+ul>es1 individu1 totidem v]bis apud ,jans5ium cont5t4 ,!nce=? y\r dispute became1 9 my eyes1 p]fectly indiff]5t4 ,s long z ,i believ$ t y 7 debat+ ! tru? or falsehood ( ! propositions1 ,i 0 all att5tion1 = t qu>rel t\*$ ! fai?2 b :5 ,i discov]$ t ! bone ( cont5tion 0 :e!r !y 7 to be f\nd1 ^w = ^w1 9 ,jans5ius or n1 z religion ceas$ to be int]e/$ 9 ! controv]sy1 ,i ceas$ to be int]e/$ 9 x also4 ,n b t !re 0 "s presumption t y 7 speak+ ! tru?2 because to say t su* & su* expressions are to be f\nd1 ^w = ^w1 9 an au?or1 is a matt] 9 :i* !re c be no mi/ake4 ,i d n wond]1 !re=e1 t s _m p1 bo? 9 ,france & at ,rome1 %\ld h be5 l$ to believe1 on ! au?ority ( a phrase s little liable to suspicion1 t ,jans5ius has actually taught ^! obnoxi\s t5ets4 ,& = ! same reason1 ,i 0 n a little surpris$ to le>n t ?is same po9t ( fact1 :i* y _h prop\nd$ z s c]ta9 & s important1 0 false2 & t aft] be+ *all5g$ to quote ! pages ( ,jans5ius1 9 :i* y _h f\nd ^! propositions 8^w = ^w10 y h n be5 able to po9t !m out to ?is day4 ,i am ! m p>ticul> 9 giv+ ?is /atem5t1 because1 9 my op9ion1 x discov]s1 9 a v /rik+ light1 ! _s ( y\r ,society 9 ! :ole ( ?is affair2 & because "s p w be a/oni%$ to f9d t1 not)/&+ all ! facts above m5tion$1 y h n ceas$ to publi% t !y are h]etics /ill4 ,b y h only alt]$ ! h]esy to suit ! "t2 = no soon] _h !y fre$ !mselves f "o *>ge ?an y\r fa!rs1 det]m9$ t !y %\ld nev] want an accusation1 sub/itut$ ano!r 9 its place4 ,?us1 9 #afec1 _! h]esy lay 9 ! quality ( ! propositions2 !n came ! ^w = ^w h]esy2 aft] t1 we _h ! he>t h]esy4 ,& n[ we he> no?+ ( any ( ^!1 & !y mu/ be h]etics1 =soo?1 unless !y sign a decl>ation to ! effect1 8t ! s5se ( ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius is conta9$ 9 ! s5se ( ! five propositions40 ,su* is y\r pres5t dispute4 ,x is n en\gh = y t !y condemn ! five propositions1 & ev]y?+ 9 ,jans5ius t be>s any resemblance to !m1 or is contr>y to ,/4 ,augu/9e2 = all t !y h done already4 ,! po9t at issue is n1 = example1 if ,jesus ,*ri/ di$ = ! elect only--!y condemn t z mu* z y d2 b1 is ,jans5ius ( t op9ion1 or n8 ,& "h ,i decl>e1 m /rongly ?an ev]1 t y\r qu>rel affects me z little z x affects ! ,*ur*4 ,= al?\gh ,i am no doctor1 any m ?an y1 fa!r1 ,i c easily see1 nev]!less1 t x has no connection ) ! fai?4 ,! only "q is1 to asc]ta9 :at is ! s5se ( ,jans5ius4 ,did !y believe t 8 doctr9e correspond$ to ! prop] & lit]al s5se ( ^! propositions1 !y w\ld condemn x2 & !y refuse to d s1 because !y are conv9c$ x is q ! rev]se2 s t al?\gh !y %\ld misund]/& x1 /ill !y w\ld n be h]etics1 see+ !y und]/& x only 9 a ,ca?olic s5se4 ,to illu/rate ?is by an example1 ,i may ref] to ! conflict+ s5tim5ts ( ,/4 ,basil & ,/4 ,a?anasius1 reg>d+ ! writ+s ( ,/4 ,d5is ( ,alex&ria1 :i* ,/4 ,basil1 conceiv+ t he f\nd 9 !m ! s5se ( ,arius aga9/ ! equality ( ! ,fa!r & ! ,son1 condemn$ z h]etical1 b :i* ,/4 ,a?anasius1 on ! o!r h&1 judg+ !m to conta9 ! g5u9e s5se ( ! ,*ur*1 ma9ta9$ to be p]fectly or?odox4 ,?9k y1 !n1 fa!r1 t ,/4 ,basil1 :o held ^! writ+s to be ,arian1 _h a "r to br& ,/4 ,a?anasius z a h]etic1 because he def5d$ !m8 ,& :at gr\nd w\ld he h _h = s do+1 see+ t x 0 n ,arianism t 8 bro!r def5d$1 b ! true fai? :i* he consid]$ ^! writ+s to conta98 ,_h ^! two sa9ts agre$ ab\t ! true s5se ( ^! writ+s1 & _h bo? recogniz$ ?is h]esy 9 !m1 unque/ionably ,/4 ,a?anasius c\ld n h approv$ ( !m1 )\t be+ guilty ( h]esy2 b z !y 7 at v>iance respect+ ! s5se ( ! passages1 ,/4 ,a?anasius 0 or?odox 9 v9dicat+ !m1 ev5 ?\gh he may h und]/ood !m wrong2 because 9 t case x w\ld h be5 m]ely an error 9 a matt] ( fact1 & because :at he def5d$ 0 really ! ,ca?olic fai?1 :i* he suppos$ to be conta9$ 9 ^! writ+s4 ,i apply ?is to y1 fa!r4 ,suppose y 7 agre$ ^u ! s5se ( ,jans5ius1 & y\r adv]s>ies 7 ready to admit ) y t he held1 = example1 t grace _c be resi/$2 ^? :o refus$ to condemn him w\ld be h]etical4 ,b z y\r dispute turns ^u ! mean+ ( t au?or1 & !y believe t1 accord+ to 8 doctr9e1 grace may be resi/$1 :atev] h]esy y may be pleas$ to attribute to him1 y h no gr\nd to br& !m z h]etics1 see+ !y condemn ! s5se :i* y put on ,jans5ius1 & y d>e n condemn ! s5se :i* !y put on him4 ,if1 !re=e1 y mean to convict !m1 %[ t ! s5se :i* !y ascribe to ,jans5ius is h]etical2 = !n !y w be h]etical !mselves4 ,b h[ c\ld y accompli% ?is1 s9ce x is c]ta91 accord+ to y\r own %[+1 t ! mean+ :i* !y give to 8 language has nev] be5 condemn$8 ,to elucidate ! po9t /ill fur!r1 ,i %all assume z a pr9ciple1 :at y y\rselves ackn[l$ge--t ! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace has nev] be5 condemn$1 & t ! pope has n t\*$ x by 8 con/itution4 ,&1 9 fact1 :5 he propos$ to pass judgm5t on ! five propositions1 ! "q ( efficaci\s grace 0 protect$ aga9/ all c5sure4 ,?is is p]fectly evid5t f ! judgm5ts ( ! consult]s1#cbg to :om ! pope committ$ !m = exam9ation4 ,^! judgm5ts ,i h 9 my possession1 9 common ) _m o!r p]sons 9 ,p>is1 &1 among ! re/1 ! ,bi%op ( ,montpeli]1#cbh :o br\ght !m f ,rome4 ,x appe>s f ?is docum5t1 t !y 7 divid$ 9 _! s5tim5ts2 t ! *ief p]sons among !m1 su* z ! ,ma/] ( ! ,sacr$ ,palace1 ! ,commiss>y ( ! ,holy ,(fice1 ! ,g5]al ( ! ,augu/9ians1 & o!rs1 conceiv+ t ^! propositions might be und]/ood 9 ! s5se ( efficaci\s grace1 7 ( op9ion t !y ought n to be c5sur$2 :]eas ! re/1 :ile !y agre$ t ! propositions w\ld n h m]it$ condemnation1 _h !y borne t s5se1 judg$ t !y ought to be c5sur$1 because1 z !y cont5d$1 ?is 0 v f> f be+ _! prop] & natural s5se4 ,! pope1 accord+ly1 condemn$ !m2 & all p>ties h acquiesc$ 9 8 judgm5t4 ,x is c]ta91 !n1 fa!r1 t efficaci\s grace has n be5 condemn$4 ,inde$1 x is s p[]fully support$ by ,/4 ,augu/9e1 by ,/4 ,?omas1 & all 8 s*ool1 by a great _m popes & c\ncils1 & by all tradition1 t to tax x ) h]esy w\ld be an act ( impiety4 ,n[1 all ^? :om y condemn z h]etics decl>e t !y f9d no?+ 9 ,jans5ius1 b ?is doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace4 ,& ?is 0 ! only po9t :i* !y ma9ta9$ at ,rome4 ,y h ackn[l$g$ ?is y\rself1 :5 y decl>e t1 8:5 plead+ be=e ! pope1 !y did n say a s+le ^w ab\t ! propositions1 b occupi$ ! :ole "t 9 talk+ ab\t efficaci\s grace40#cbi ,s t :e!r !y be "r or wrong 9 ?is supposition1 x is und5iable1 at lea/1 t :at !y suppose to be ! s5se is n h]etical s5se2 & t1 consequ5tly1 !y are no h]etics3 =1 to /ate ! matt] 9 two words1 ei!r ,jans5ius has m]ely taught ! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace1 & 9 ?is case he has no errors2 or he has taught "s o!r ?+1 & 9 ?is case he has no def5d]s4 ,! :ole "q turns on asc]ta9+ :e!r ,jans5ius has actually ma9ta9$ some?+ diff]5t f efficaci\s grace2 & %\ld x be f\nd t he has1 y w h ! honor ( hav+ bett] und]/ood him1 b !y w n h ! mis=tune ( hav+ err$ f ! fai?4 ,x is matt] ( ?ankfulness to ,god1 !n1 fa!r1 t !re is 9 reality no h]esy 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,! "q relates entirely to a po9t ( fact1 ( :i* no h]esy c be made2 = ! ,*ur*1 ) div9e au?ority1 decides ! po9ts ( fai?1 & cuts (f f h] body all :o refuse to receive !m4 ,b %e does n act 9 ! same mann] 9 reg>d to matt]s ( fact4 ,& ! reason is1 t our salvation is atta*$ to ! fai? :i* has be5 reveal$ to u1 & :i* is pres]v$ 9 ! ,*ur* by tradition1 b t x has no dep5d5ce on facts :i* h n be5 reveal$ by ,god4 ,?us we are b\nd to believe t ! comm&m5ts ( ,god are n impracticable2 b we are "u no obligation to "k :at ,jans5ius has said ^u t subject4 ,9 ! det]m9ation ( po9ts ( fai? ,god guides ! ,*ur* by ! aid ( 8 un]r+ ,_s2 :]eas 9 matt]s ( fact1 he leaves h] to ! direction ( reason & ! s5ses1 :i* are ! natural judges ( su* matt]s4 ,none b ,god 0 able to in/ruct ! ,*ur* 9 ! fai?2 b to le>n :e!r ?is or t proposition is conta9$ 9 ,jans5ius1 all we require to d is to read 8 book4 ,& f h5ce x foll[s1 t :ile x is h]esy to resi/ ! decisions ( ! fai?1 because ?is am\nts to an oppos+ ( our own _s to ! ,_s ( ,god1 x is no h]esy1 ?\gh x may be an act ( presumption1 to disbelieve c]ta9 p>ticul> facts1 because ?is is no m ?an oppos+ reason--x may be enlight5$ reason--to an au?ority :i* is great inde$1 b 9 ?is matt] n infallible4 ,:at ,i h n[ advanc$ is admitt$ by all !ologians1 z appe>s f ! foll[+ axiom ( ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e1 a memb] ( y\r ,society3 8,g5]al & lawful c\ncils are incapable ( error 9 def9+ ! dogmas ( fai?2 b !y may err 9 que/ions ( fact40 ,9 ano!r place he says3 8,! pope1 z pope1 & ev5 z ! head ( a univ]sal c\ncil1 may err 9 p>ticul> controv]sies ( fact1 :i* dep5d pr9cipally on ! in=mation & te/imony ( m540 ,c>d9al ,b>onius speaks 9 ! same mann]3 8,implicit submission is due to ! decisions ( c\ncils 9 po9ts ( fai?2 b1 9 s f> z p]sons & _! writ+s are conc]n$1 ! c5sures :i* h be5 pron\nc$ aga9/ !m h n be5 s rigor\sly obs]v$1 because !re is none :o may n *ance to be deceiv$ 9 su* matt]s40 ,i may add t1 to prove ?is po9t1 ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,t\l\se#ccj has d$uc$ ! foll[+ rule f ! lett]s ( two great popes--,/4 ,leon & ,pelagius ,,ii43 8,t ! prop] object ( c\ncils is ! fai?2 & :atsoev] is det]m9$ by !m1 indep5d5tly ( ! fai?1 may be review$ & exam9$ anew3 :]eas no?+ ought to be re-exam9$ t has be5 decid$ 9 a matt] ( fai?2 because1 z ,t]tullian obs]ves1 ! rule ( fai? alone is immovable & irrevocable40 ,h5ce x has be5 se5 t1 :ile g5]al & lawful c\ncils h nev] contradict$ "o ano!r 9 po9ts ( fai?1 because1 z ,m4 de ,t\l\se has said1 8x is n all[able to exam9e de novo decisions 9 matt]s ( fai?20 sev]al in/ances h occurr$ 9 :i* ^! same c\ncils h disagre$ 9 po9ts ( fact1 :]e ! discussion turn$ ^u ! s5se ( an au?or2 because1 z ! same prelate obs]ves1 quot+ ! popes z 8 au?orities1 8ev]y?+ det]m9$ 9 c\ncils1 n ref]r+ to ! fai?1 may be review$ & exam9$ de novo40 ,an example ( ?is contr>iety 0 furni%$ by ! f\r? & fif? c\ncils1 :i* diff]$ 9 _! int]pretation ( ! same au?ors4 ,! same ?+ happ5$ 9 ! case ( two popes1 ab\t a proposition ma9ta9$ by c]ta9 monks ( ,scy?ia4 ,pope ,hormisdas1 und]/&+ x 9 a bad s5se1 _h condemn$ x2 b ,pope ,john ,,ii41 8 successor1 ^u re-exam9+ ! doctr9e1 und]/ood x 9 a good s5se1 approv$ x1 & pron\nc$ x to be or?odox4 ,w\ld y say t = ?is reason "o ( ^! popes 0 a h]etic8 ,& mu/ y n1 consequ5tly1 ackn[l$ge t1 provid$ a p]son condemn ! h]etical s5se :i* a pope may h ascrib$ to a book1 he is no h]etic because he decl9es condemn+ t book1 :ile he und]/&s x 9 a s5se :i* x is c]ta9 ! pope has n condemn$8 ,if ?is _c be admitt$1 "o ( ^! popes mu/ h fall5 into error4 ,i h be5 anxi\s to famili>ize y ) ^! discrepancies among ,ca?olics reg>d+ que/ions ( fact1 :i* involve ! und]/&+ ( ! s5se ( a writ]1 %[+ y fa!r aga9/ fa!r1 pope aga9/ pope1 & c\ncil aga9/ c\ncil1 to lead y f ^! to o!r examples ( opposition1 simil> 9 _! nature1 b some:at m disproportion$ 9 respect ( ! p>ties conc]n$4 ,=1 9 ! in/ances ,i am n[ to adduce1 y w see c\ncils & popes rang$ on "o side1 & ,jesuits on ! o!r2 & yet y h nev] *>g$ y\r bre?r51 = ?is opposition1 ev5 ) presumption1 mu* less ) h]esy4 ,y are well aw>e1 fa!r1 t ! writ+s ( ,orig5 7 condemn$ by a great _m popes & c\ncils1 & p>ticul>ly by ! fif? g5]al c\ncil1 z *>geable ) c]ta9 h]esies1 &1 among o!rs1 t ( ! reconciliation ( ! devils at ! day ( judgm5t4 ,d y suppose t1 aft] ?is1 x became absolutely imp]ative1 z a te/ ( ,ca?olicism1 to confess t ,orig5 actually ma9ta9$ ^! errors1 & t x is n en\gh to condemn !m1 )\t attribut+ !m to him8 ,if ?is 7 true1 :at w\ld become ( y\r wor?y ,fa!r ,halloix1 :o has ass]t$ ! purity ( ,orig5's fai?1 z well z _m o!r ,ca?olics1 :o h attempt$ ! same ?+1 su* z ,pico ,mir&ola1 & ,g5ebr>d1 doctor ( ! ,sorbonne8 ,is x n1 moreov]1 a c]ta9 fact1 t ! same fif? g5]al c\ncil condemn$ ! writ+s ( ,!odoret aga9/ ,/4 ,cyril1 describ+ !m z impi\s1 8contr>y to ! true fai?1 & ta9t$ ) ! ,ne/orian h]esy80#cca ,& yet ?is has n prev5t$ ,fa!r ,sirmond1#ccb a ,jesuit1 f def5d+ him1 or f say+1 9 8 life ( t fa!r1 t 88 writ+s are entirely free f ! h]esy ( ,ne/orius40 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t z ! ,*ur*1 9 condemn+ a book1 assumes t ! error :i* %e condemns is conta9$ 9 t book1 x is a po9t ( fai? to hold t error z condemn$2 b x is n a po9t ( fai? to hold t ! book1 9 fact1 conta9s ! error :i* ! ,*ur* supposes x does4 ,en\gh has be5 said1 ,i ?9k1 to prove ?is2 ,i %all1 !re=e1 conclude my examples by ref]r+ to t ( ,pope ,honorius1 ! hi/ory ( :i* is s well kn[n4 ,at ! comm5cem5t ( ! sev5? c5tury1 ! ,*ur* be+ tr\bl$ by ! h]esy ( ! ,mono!lites1#ccc t pope1 ) ! view ( t]m9at+ ! controv]sy1 pass$ a decree :i* seem$ favorable to ^! h]etics1 at :i* _m took (f5ce4 ,! affair1 nev]!less1 pass$ ov] )\t mak+ mu* di/urbance dur+ 8 pontificate2 b fifty ye>s aft]1 ! ,*ur* be+ assembl$ 9 ! six? g5]al c\ncil1 9 :i* ,pope ,aga?on presid$ by 8 legates1 ?is decree 0 impea*$1 &1 aft] be+ read & exam9$1 0 condemn$ z conta9+ ! h]esy ( ! ,mono!lites1 & "u t "* burnt1 9 op5 c\rt1 along ) ! o!r writ+s ( ^! h]etics4 ,su* 0 ! respect paid to ?is decision1 & su* ! unanimity ) :i* x 0 receiv$ ?r\gh\t ! :ole ,*ur*1 t x 0 aft]w>ds ratifi$ by two o!r g5]al c\ncils1 & likewise by two popes1 ,leon ,,ii4 & ,adrian ,,ii41 ! latt] ( :om liv$ two hundr$ ye>s aft] x _h pass$2 & ?is univ]sal & h>moni\s agreem5t rema9$ undi/urb$ = sev5 or eight c5turies4 ,( late ye>s1 h[ev]1 "s au?ors1 & among ! re/ ,c>d9al ,bell>m9e1 )\t seem+ to dread ! imputation ( h]esy1 h /\tly ma9ta9$1 aga9/ all ?is array ( popes & c\ncils1 t ! writ+s ( ,honorius are free f ! error :i* _h be5 ascrib$ to !m2 8because10 says ! c>d9al1 8g5]al c\ncils be+ liable to err 9 que/ions ( fact1 we h ! be/ gr\nds = ass]t+ t ! six? c\ncil 0 mi/ak5 ) reg>d to ! fact n[ "u consid]ation2 & t1 misconceiv+ ! s5se ( ! ,lett]s ( ,honorius1 x has plac$ ?is pope mo/ unju/ly 9 ! ranks ( h]etics40 ,obs]ve1 !n1 ,i pray y1 fa!r1 t a man is n h]etical = say+ t ,pope ,honorius 0 n a h]etic2 ev5 ?\gh a great _m popes & c\ncils1 aft] exam9+ 8 writ+s1 %\ld h decl>$ t he 0 s4 ,i n[ come to ! "q be=e u1 & %all all[ y to /ate y\r case z favorably z y c4 ,:at w y !n say1 fa!r1 9 ord] to /amp y\r oppon5ts z h]etics8 ,t 8,pope ,innoc5t ,x4 has decl>$ t ! error ( ! five propositions is to be f\nd 9 ,jans5ius80 ,i grant y t2 :at inf]5ce d y draw f x8 ,t 8x is h]etical to d5y t ! error ( ! five propositions is to be f\nd 9 ,jans5ius80 ,h[ s1 fa!r8 h we n "h a "q ( fact1 exactly simil> to ! prec$+ examples8 ,! pope has decl>$ t ! error ( ! five propositions is conta9$ 9 ,jans5ius1 9 ! same way z 8 pr$ecessors decid$ t ! errors ( ! ,ne/orians & ! ,mono!lites pollut$ ! pages ( ,!odoret & ,honorius4 ,9 ! latt] case1 y\r writ]s hesitate n to say1 t :ile !y condemn ! h]esies1 !y d n all[ t ^! au?ors actually ma9ta9$ !m2 &1 9 l mann]1 y\r oppon5ts n[ say1 t !y condemn ! five propositions1 b _c admit t ,jans5ius has taught !m4 ,truly1 ! two cases are z l z !y c\ld well be2 & if !re be any disp>ity betwe5 !m1 x is easy to see h[ f> x mu/ g 9 favor ( ! pres5t "q1 by a comp>ison ( _m p>ticul> circum/ances1 :i*1 z !y are self-evid5t1 ,i d n specify4 ,h[ comes x to pass1 !n1 t :5 plac$ 9 precisely ! same pr$icam5t1 y\r fri5ds are ,ca?olics & y\r oppon5ts h]etics8 ,on :at /range pr9ciple ( exception d y deprive ! latt] ( a lib]ty :i* y freely aw>d to all ! re/ ( ! fai?ful8 ,:at answ] w y make to ?is1 fa!r8 ,w y say1 8,! pope has confirm$ 8 con/itution by a brief40 ,to ?is ,i w\ld reply1 t two g5]al c\ncils & two popes confirm$ ! condemnation ( ! ,lett]s ( ,honorius4 ,b :at argum5t d y f\nd ^u ! language ( t brief1 9 :i* all t ! pope says is1 t 8he has condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius 9 ^! five propositions80 ,:at does t add to ! con/itution1 or :at m c y inf] f x8 ,no?+ c]ta9ly1 except t z ! six? c\ncil condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ,honorius1 9 ! belief t x 0 ! same ) t ( ! ,mono!lites1 s ! pope has said t he has condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius 9 ^! five propositions1 because he 0 l$ to suppose x 0 ! same ) t ( ! five propositions4 ,& h[ c\ld he d o!rwise ?an suppose x8 ,y\r ,society publi%$ no?+ else2 & y1 y\rself1 fa!r1 :o h ass]t$ t ! said propositions 7 9 t au?or 8^w = ^w10 happ5$ to be 9 ,rome 7= ,i "k all y\r motions7 at ! "t :5 ! c5sure 0 pass$4 ,0 he to di/ru/ ! s9c]ity or ! compet5ce ( s _m grave m9i/]s ( religion8 ,& h[ c\ld he help be+ conv9c$ ( ! fact1 aft] ! assurance :i* y _h giv5 him t ! propositions 7 9 t au?or 8^w = ^w80 ,x is evid5t1 !re=e1 t 9 ! ev5t ( its be+ f\nd t ,jans5ius has n support$ ^! doctr9es1 x w\ld be wrong to say1 z y\r writ]s h done 9 ! cases be=e m5tion$1 t ! pope has deceiv$ himself 9 ?is po9t ( fact1 :i* x is pa9ful & (f5sive to publi% at any "t2 ! prop] phrase is1 t y h deceiv$ ! pope1 :i*1 z y are n[ pretty well kn[n1 w create no sc&al4 ,det]m9$1 h[ev]1 to h a h]esy made out1 let x co/ :at x may1 y h attempt$1 by ! foll[+ manuvre1 to %ift ! "q f ! po9t ( fact1 & make x be> ^u a po9t ( fai?4 8,! pope10 say y1 8decl>es t he has condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius 9 ^! five propositions2 !re=e x is ess5tial to ! fai? to hold t ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius t\*+ ^! five propositions is h]etical1 let x be :at x may40 ,"h is a /range po9t ( fai?1 t a doctr9e is h]etical be :at x may4 ,:at6 if ,jans5ius %\ld happ5 to ma9ta9 t 8we are capable ( resi/+ int]nal grace10 & t 8x is false to say t ,jesus ,*ri/ di$ = ! elect only10 w\ld ?is doctr9e be condemn$ j because x is 8 doctr9e8 ,w ! proposition1 t 8man has a fre$om ( w to d good or evil10 be true :5 f\nd 9 ! pope's con/itution1 & false :5 discov]$ 9 ,jans5ius8 ,by :at fatality mu/ he be r$uc$ to su* a pr$icam5t1 t tru?1 :5 admitt$ into 8 book1 becomes h]esy8 ,y mu/ confess1 !n1 t he is only h]etical on ! supposition t he is fri5dly to ! errors condemn$1 see+ t ! con/itution ( ! pope is ! rule :i* we mu/ apply to ,jans5ius1 to judge if 8 "* answ] ! description !re giv5 ( him2 &1 accord+ly1 ! "q1 ,is 8 doctr9e h]etical8 mu/ be resolv$ by ano!r "q ( fact1 ,does x correspond to ! natural s5se ( ^! propositions8 z x mu/ necess>ily be h]etical if x does correspond to t s5se1 & mu/ necess>ily be or?odox if x be ( an opposite "*4 ,=1 9 "o ^w1 s9ce1 accord+ to ! pope & ! bi%ops1 8! propositions are condemn$ 9 _! prop] & natural s5se10 !y _c possibly be condemn$ 9 ! s5se ( ,jans5ius1 except on ! und]/&+ t ! s5se ( ,jans5ius is ! same ) ! prop] & natural s5se ( ^! propositions2 & ?is ,i ma9ta9 to be purely a "q ( fact4 ,! "q1 !n1 /ill re/s ^u ! po9t ( fact1 & _c possibly be tortur$ into "o affect+ ! fai?4 ,b ?\gh incapable ( twi/+ x into a matt] ( h]esy1 y h x 9 y\r p[] to make x a pretext = p]secution1 & might1 p]haps1 succe$ 9 ?is1 7 !re n good reason to hope t nobody w be f\nd s bl9dly devot$ to y\r int]e/s z to c\nt5ance su* a disgraceful proce$+1 or incl9$ to compel p1 z y wi% to d1 to sign a decl>ation t !y condemn ^! propositions 9 ! s5se ( ,jans5ius1 )\t expla9+ :at ! s5se ( ,jans5ius is4 ,few p are dispos$ to sign a blank confession ( fai?4 ,n[ ?is w\ld really be to sign "o ( t description1 leav+ y to fill up ! blank aft]w>ds ) :atsoev] y pleas$1 z y w\ld be at lib]ty to int]pret accord+ to y\r own ta/e ! unexpla9$ s5se ( ,jans5ius4 ,let x be expla9$1 !n1 be=eh&1 o!rwise we %all h1 ,i fe>1 ano!r v]sion ( y\r proximate p[]1 )\t any s5se at all--ab/rah5do ab omni s5su4#ccd ,?is mode ( proce$+1 y mu/ be aw>e1 does n take ) ! _w4 ,m5 9 g5]al dete/ all ambiguity1 especially 9 ! matt] ( religion1 :]e x is highly reasonable t "o %\ld "k at lea/ :at "o is ask$ to condemn4 ,& h[ is x possible = doctors1 :o are p]suad$ t ,jans5ius c be> no o!r s5se ?an t ( efficaci\s grace1 to cons5t to decl>e t !y condemn 8 doctr9e )\t expla9+ x1 s9ce1 ) _! pres5t convictions1 :i* no means are us$ to alt]1 ?is w\ld be nei!r m nor less ?an to condemn efficaci\s grace1 :i* _c be condemn$ )\t s98 ,w\ld x n1 !re=e1 be a piece ( mon/r\s tyranny to place !m 9 su* an unhappy dilemma1 t !y mu/ ei!r br+ guilt ^u _! s\ls 9 ! sight ( ,god1 by sign+ t condemnation aga9/ _! consci5ces1 or be d5\nc$ z h]etics = refus+ to sign x8#cce ,b !re is a my/]y "u all ?is4 ,y ,jesuits _c move a /ep )\t a /ratagem4 ,x rema9s = me to expla9 :y y d n expla9 ! s5se ( ,jans5ius4 ,! sole purpose ( my writ+ is to discov] y\r designs1 &1 by discov]+1 to fru/rate !m4 ,i mu/1 !re=e1 in=m ^? :o are n already aw>e ( ! fact1 t y\r great conc]n 9 ?is dispute be+ to uphold ! suffici5t grace ( y\r ,mol9a1 y c\ld n effect ?is )\t de/roy+ ! efficaci\s grace :i* /&s directly oppos$ to x4 ,p]ceiv+1 h[ev]1 t ! latt] 0 n[ sanction$ at ,rome1 & by all ! le>n$ 9 ! ,*ur*1 & unable to combat ! doctr9e on its own m]its1 y resolv$ to attack x 9 a cl&e/9e way1 "u ! "n ( ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius4 ,y 7 resolv$1 accord+ly1 to get ,jans5ius condemn$ )\t explanation2 &1 to ga9 y\r purpose1 gave out t 8 doctr9e 0 n t ( efficaci\s grace1 s t e "o might ?9k he 0 at lib]ty to condemn ! "o )\t d5y+ ! o!r4 ,h5ce y\r ef=ts1 9 ! pres5t day1 to impress ?is idea ^u ! m9ds ( su* z h no acqua9tance ) t au?or2 an object :i* y y\rself1 fa!r1 h attempt$1 by means ( ! foll[+ +5i\s syllogism3 8,! pope has condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius2 b ! pope has n condemn$ efficaci\s grace3 !re=e1 ! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace mu/ be diff]5t f t ( ,jans5ius40#ccf ,if ?is mode ( reason+ 7 conclusive1 x might be demon/rat$ 9 ! same way t ,honorius & all 8 def5d]s are h]etics ( ! same k9d4 8,! six? c\ncil has condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ,honorius2 b ! c\ncil has n condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ! ,*ur*3 !re=e ! doctr9e ( ,honorius is diff]5t f t ( ! ,*ur*2 & !re=e all :o def5d him are h]etics40 ,x is obvi\s t no conclusion c be drawn f ?is2 = ! pope has done no m ?an condemn$ ! doctr9e ( ! five propositions1 :i* 0 repres5t$ to him z ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius4 ,b x matt]s n2 y h no int5tion to make use ( ?is logic = any l5g? ( "t4 ,poor z x is1 x w la/ suffici5tly long to s]ve y\r pres5t turn4 ,all t y wi% to effect by x1 9 ! mean "t1 is to induce ^? :o are unwill+ to condemn efficaci\s grace to condemn ,jans5ius ) ! less scruple4 ,:5 ?is object has be5 accompli%$1 y\r argum5t w soon be =gott51 & _! signatures rema9+ z an et]nal te/imony 9 condemnation ( ,jans5ius1 w furni% y ) an occasion to make a direct attack ^u efficaci\s grace1 by ano!r mode ( reason+ mu* m solid ?an ! =m]1 :i* %all be =?com+ 9 prop] "t4 8,! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius10 y w argue1 8has be5 condemn$ by ! univ]sal subscriptions ( ! ,*ur*4 ,n[ ?is doctr9e is manife/ly t ( efficaci\s grace0 7& x w be easy = y to prove t72 8!re=e ! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace is condemn$ ev5 by ! confession ( 8 def5d]s40 ,behold y\r reason = propos+ to sign ! condemnation ( a doctr9e )\t giv+ an explanation ( x6 ,behold ! advantage y expect to ga9 f subscriptions ?us procur$6 ,%\ld y\r oppon5ts1 h[ev]1 refuse to subscribe1 y h ano!r trap laid = !m4 ,hav+ dext]\sly comb9$ ! "q ( fai? ) t ( fact1 & n all[+ !m to sep>ate betwe5 !m1 nor to sign ! "o )\t ! o!r1 ! consequ5ce w be1 t1 because !y c\ld n subscribe ! two toge!r1 y w publi% x 9 all directions t !y h refus$ ! two toge!r4 ,& ?us ?\gh1 9 po9t ( fact1 !y simply decl9e ackn[l$g+ t ,jans5ius has ma9ta9$ ! propositions :i* !y condemn1 :i* _c be call$ h]esy1 y w boldly ass]t t !y h refus$ to condemn ! propositions !mselves1 & t x is ?is t con/itutes _! h]esy4 ,su* is ! fruit :i* y expect to reap f _! refusal1 & :i* w be no less useful to y ?an :at y might h ga9$ f _! cons5t4 ,s t1 9 ! ev5t ( ^! signatures be+ exact$1 !y w fall into y\r sn>es1 :e!r !y sign or n1 & 9 bo? cases y w ga9 y\r po9t2 su* is y\r dext]ity 9 uni=mly putt+ matt]s into a tra9 = y\r own advantage1 :atev] bias !y may happ5 to take 9 _! c\rse6 ,h[ well ,i "k y1 fa!r6 & h[ griev$ am ,i to see t ,god has ab&on$ y s f> z to all[ y su* happy success 9 su* an unhappy c\rse6 ,y\r good =tune des]ves commis]ation1 & c excite envy only 9 ! brea/s ( ^? :o "k n :at truly good =tune is4 ,x is an act ( *>ity to ?w>t ! success y aim at 9 ! :ole ( ?is proce$+1 see+ t y c only rea* x by ! aid ( falsehood1 & by procur+ cr$it to "o ( two lies--ei!r t ! ,*ur* has condemn$ efficaci\s grace1 or t ^? :o def5d t doctr9e ma9ta9 ! five condemn$ errors4 ,! _w mu/1 !re=e1 be appriz$ ( two facts3 ,fir/1 ,t1 by y\r own confession1 efficaci\s grace has n be5 condemn$2 & secondly1 ,t nobody supports ^! errors4 ,s t x may be kn[n t ^? :o may refuse to sign :at y are s anxi\s to exact f !m1 refuse m]ely 9 consid]ation ( ! "q ( fact2 & t1 be+ q ready to subscribe t ( fai?1 !y _c be deem$ h]etical on t acc\nt2 because1 to repeat x once m1 ?\gh x be matt] ( fai? to believe ^! propositions to be h]etical1 x w nev] be matt] ( fai? to hold t !y are to be f\nd 9 ! pages ( ,jans5ius4 ,!y are innoc5t ( all error2 t is en\gh4 ,x may be t !y int]pret ,jans5ius too favorably2 b x may be also t y d n int]pret him favorably en\gh4 ,i d n ent] ^u ?is "q4 ,all t ,i "k is1 t1 accord+ to y\r maxims1 y believe t y may1 )\t s91 publi% him to be a h]etic contr>y to y\r own k2 :]eas1 accord+ to _! maxims1 !y _c1 )\t s91 decl>e him to be a ,ca?olic1 unless !y are p]suad$ t he is "o4 ,!y are1 !re=e1 m hone/ ?an y1 fa!r2 !y h exam9$ ,jans5ius m fai?fully ?an y2 !y are no less intellig5t ?an y2 !y are1 !re=e1 no less cr$ible witnesses ?an y4 ,b come :at may ( ?is po9t ( fact1 !y are c]ta9ly ,ca?olics2 =1 9 ord] to be s1 x is n necess>y to decl>e t ano!r man is n a ,ca?olic2 x is en\gh1 9 all consci5ce1 if a p]son1 )\t *>g+ error ^u anybody else1 succe$ 9 dis*>g+ himself4 99 99 99 99 99 ,rev]5d fa!r1--,if y h f\nd any difficulty 9 deciph]+ ?is lett]1 :i* is c]ta9ly n pr9t$ 9 ! be/ possible type1 blame nobody b y\rself4 ,privileges are n s easily grant$ to me z !y are to y4 ,y c procure !m ev5 = ! purpose ( combat+ miracles2 ,i _c h !m ev5 to def5d myself4 ,! pr9t+-h\ses are p]petually haunt$4 ,9 su* circum/ances1 y y\rself w\ld n advise me to write y any m lett]s = x is really a sad annoyance to be oblig$ to h rec\rse to an ,osnabruck impression4#ccg ----- ,footnote #cag3 ,m4 ,nicole furni%$ ! mat]ials = ?is lett]4 7,nicole1 iv4 #cbd47 ,footnote #cah3 ,francis ,annat1 ! same p]son =m]ly ref]r$ to at p4 #ajb4 ,he became ,fr5* prov9cial ( ! ,jesuits1 & confessor to ,l\is ,,xiv4 ,footnote #cai3 ,a ?reat1 evid5tly1 ( adm9i/]+ to him ! ,m5tiris impud5tissime ( ! ,capu*91 m5tion$ at p4 #caj4 ,footnote #cbj3 ,! con/itution--t is1 ! bull ( ,pope ,alex&] ,,vii41 issu$ 9 ,octob] #afef1 9 :i* he n only condemn$ ! ,five ,propositions1 b1 9 compliance ) ! solicitations ( ! ,jesuits1 add$ an express clause1 to ! effect t ^! _h be5 fai?fully extract$ f ,jans5ius1 & 7 h]etical 9 ! s5se 9 :i* he 7,jans5ius7 employ$ !m4 ,?is 0 a m /r+5t con/itution ?an ! fir/2 b ! ,jans5i/s 7 ready to meet him on ?is po9t2 !y repli$ t a decl>ation ( ?is nature ov]/epp$ ! limits ( ! papal au?ority1 & t ! pope's infallibility did n ext5d to a judgm5t ( facts4 ,footnote #cba3 ,! ,five ,propositions4--,a brief view ( ^! celebrat$ ,propositions may be "h giv51 z necess>y to ! und]/&+ ( ! text4 ,!y 7 z foll[s3--,i4 ,t "s comm&m5ts ( ,god are impracticable ev5 to ! righte\s1 :o desire to keep !m1 accord+ to _! pres5t /r5g?4 ,,ii4 ,t grace is irresi/ible4 ,,iii4 ,t moral fre$om consi/s1 n 9 exemption f necessity1 b f con/ra9t4 ,,iv4 ,t to ass]t t ! w may resi/ or obey ! motions ( conv]t+ grace z x pleas$1 0 a h]esy ( ! semi-,pelagians4 ,v4 ,t to ass]t t ,jesus ,*ri/ di$ = all m51 )\t exception1 is an error ( ! semi-,pelagians4 ,= a full] explication ( ! controv]sy1 ! read] mu/ be ref]r$ to ! ,introduction4 ,footnote #cbb3 ,pascal might say ?is ) tru?1 = 8 only relatives be+ nuns1 ! tie ( e>?ly relation%ip 0 consid]$ by him z no long] exi/+2 & beyond p]sonal fri5d%ip1 he _h really no connection ) ,port-,royal4 ,!re is z little tru? z =ce1 !re=e1 9 ! taunt ( a late advocate ( ! ,jesuits1 :o says1 9 ref]5ce to ?is passage1 8,pascal 0 intimately connect$ ) ,port-,royal1 he 0 ev5 numb]$ among its recluses2 & yet1 9 ! act ( unmask+ ! presum$ duplicity ( ! ,jesuits1 ! sublime writ] did n scruple to imitate x40 7,hi/4 de la ,comp4 de ,jsus1 p> ,j4 ,cret9eau-,joly1 tom4 iv4 p4 #ed4 ,p>is1 #ahde47 ,footnote #cbc3 8,?is book ( ! ,holy ,virg9ity 0 a translation f ,/4 ,augu/9e1 made by ,fa!r ,segu5ot1 prie/ ( ! ,oratory4 ,s f>1 all 0 "r2 b ! prie/ _h add$ to ! orig9al text "s odd & peculi> rem>ks ( 8 own1 :i* m]it$ c5sure4 ,z ! publication came f ! ,oratory1 a community always atta*$ to ! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 an attempt 0 made to ?r[ ! blame on ^? call$ ,jans5i/s40 7,note by ,nicole1 iv4 #ccb47 ,footnote #cbd3 8,m4 ,jacques de ,sa9te-,beuve1 "o ( ! able/ div9es ( 8 age1 pref]r$ to rel9qui% 8 *air 9 ! ,sorbonne r ?an concur 9 ! c5sure ( ,m4 ,arnauld1 ^: or?odoxy he reg>d$ z beyond suspicion4 ,he di$ 9 #afgg40 7,note by ,nicole47 ,footnote #cbe3 ,?is "w 0 entitl$ 8,on ! ,victori\s ,grace ( ,jesus ,*ri/2 or1 ,mol9a & 8 foll[]s convict$ ( ! error ( ! ,pelagians & ,semi-,pelagians4 ,by ! ,sieur de ,bonlieu4 ,p>is1 #afea40 ,! real au?or 0 ! celebrat$ ,m4 de la ,lane1 well kn[n 9 t controv]sy4 7,note by ,nicole47 ,footnote #cbf3 ,rponse a quelques dem&es1 pp4 #bg1 #dg4 ,footnote #cbg3 ,^! judgm5ts1 or ,vota ,consultorum1 z !y 7 call$1 h be5 (t5 pr9t$1 & p>ticul>ly at ! end ( ! ,j\rnal de ,m4 de ,/4 ,am\r--a book ess5tially necess>y to ! "r und]/&+ ( all ! intrigues employ$ 9 ! condemnation ( ,jans5ius4 7,note by ,nicole47 ,footnote #cbh3 ,?is 0 ,francis du ,bosquet1 :o1 f be+ ,bi%op ( ,lodeve1 0 made ,bi%op ( ,montpeli] 9 #afee1 & di$ 9 #afgf4 ,he 0 "o ( ! mo/ le>n$ bi%ops ( 8 "t 9 ecclesia/ical matt]s4 7,note by ,nicole47 ,footnote #cbi3 ,cavill1 p4 #ce4 ,footnote #ccj3 ,m4 de ,m>ca1 an illu/ri\s prelate1 :o 0 ,ar*bi%op ( ,t\l\se1 be=e he 0 nom9at$ to ! see ( ,p>is1 ( :i* he 0 only prev5t$ by dea? f tak+ possession4 7,nicole47 ,footnote #cca3 ,ne/orian h]esy--s call$ f ,ne/orius1 ,bi%op ( ,con/ant9ople1 9 ! fif? c5tury1 :o 0 accus$ ( divid+ ,*ri/ into two p]sons2 9 o!r words1 repres5t+ 8 human nature a di/9ct p]son f 8 div9e4 ,!re is "s reason to ?9k1 h[ev]1 t he 0 q s\nd 9 ! fai?1 & t 8 real (f5ce 0 8 opposition to ! use ( ! phrase1 :i* !n came into vogue1 ! ,"m ( ,god1 z appli$ to ! ,virg91 :om he call$1 9 pref]5ce1 ! ,"m ( ,*ri/4 ,footnote #ccb3 ,?is 0 ,james ,sirmond 7! uncle ( ,an?ony1 =m]ly m5tion$71 a le>n$ ,jesuit1 & confessor to ,l\is ,,xiii4 ,he 0 di/+ui%$ z an ecclesia/ical hi/orian4 7,tableau de la ,litt4 ,fran41 iv4 #bjb47 ,footnote #ccc3 ,! ,mono!lites1 :o arose 9 ! sev5? c5tury1 7 s call$ f hold+ t !re 0 b "o w 9 ,*ri/1 8 human w be+ absorb$1 z x 71 9 ! div9e4 ,footnote #ccd3 ,see ,lett] i41 p4 #gd4 ,footnote #cce3 ,! p]secution "h suppos$ 0 soon lam5tably realiz$1 & exactly 9 ! way :i* our au?or seem$ to ?9k impossible4 ,footnote #ccf3 ,cavill1 p4 #bc4 ,footnote #ccg3 ,?is po/script1 :i* is want+ 9 ! ord9>y editions1 appe>$ 9 ! fir/ edition at ! close ( ?is lett]4 ,f ?is x appe>s t1 9 consequ5ce ( ! extreme desire ( ! ,jesuits to discov] ! au?or1 & _! increas+ res5tm5t aga9/ him1 he 0 compell$ to s5d ?is lett] to ,osnabruck1 an obscure place 9 ,g]many1 :]e x 0 pr9t$ 9 a v small & indi/9ct "*4 ,! privileges ref]r$ to 7 (ficial lic5ses to pr9t books1 :i*1 at ?is "t1 :5 ! ,jesuits 7 9 p[]1 x 0 difficult = _! oppon5ts to obta94 ,annat _h publi%$ aga9/ ! miracles ( ,port-,royal4 ,pascal 0 n p]mitt$ to publi% 9 self-def5ce4 ,at ! same p]iod1 no ,prote/ant books c\ld be pr9t$ at ,p>is2 !y 7 g5]ally s5t to ,g5eva or ! ,l[ ,c\ntries = ?is purpose1 or publi%$ furtively "u fictiti\s names4 ,,lett] ,,xviii4 ,,to ,,! ,,rev]5d ,,fa!r ,,annat1 ,,jesuit4 ,,%[+ ,,/ill ,,m ,,pla9ly1 ,,on ,,! ,,au?ority ,,( ,,fa!r ,,annat ,,himself1 ,,t ,,!re ,,is ,,really ,,no ,,h]esy ,,9 ,,! ,,*ur*1 ,,& ,,t ,,9 ,,que/ions ,,( ,,fact ,,we ,,mu/ ,,be ,,guid$ ,,by ,,our ,,s5ses1 ,,& ,,n ,,by ,,au?ority ,,ev5 ,,( ,,! ,,popes4 ,m>* #bd1 #afeg4 ,,rev]5d ,,fa!r1--,long h y labor$ to discov] "s error 9 ! cre$ or conduct ( y\r oppon5ts2 b ,i r ?9k y w h to confess1 9 ! end1 t x is a m difficult task ?an y imag9$ to make h]etics ( p :o are n only no h]etics1 b :o hate no?+ 9 ! _w s mu* z h]esy4 ,9 my la/ lett] ,i succe$$ 9 %[+ t y accuse !m ( "o h]esy aft] ano!r1 )\t be+ able to /& by "o ( ! *>ges = any l5g? ( "t2 s t all t rema9$ = y 0 to fix on _! refusal to condemn 8! s5se ( ,jans5ius10 :i* y insi/ on _! do+ )\t explanation4 ,y mu/ h be5 sadly 9 want ( h]esies to br& !m )1 :5 y 7 r$uc$ to ?is4 ,=1 :o ev] he>d ( a h]esy :i* nobody c\ld expla98 ,! answ] 0 ready1 !re=e1 t if ,jans5ius has no errors1 x is wrong to condemn him2 & if he has1 y 7 b\nd to po9t !m out1 t we might "k at lea/ :at we 7 condemn+4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 y h nev] yet be5 pleas$ to d2 b y h attempt$ to =tify y\r position by decrees1#cch :i* made no?+ 9 y\r favor1 z !y gave no sort ( explanation ( ! s5se ( ,jans5ius1 said to h be5 condemn$ 9 ! five propositions4 ,?is 0 n ! way to t]m9ate ! dispute4 ,_h y mutually agre$ z to ! g5u9e s5se ( ,jans5ius1 & _h ! only diff]5ce betwe5 y be5 z to :e!r t s5se 0 h]etical or n1 9 t case ! decisions :i* might pron\nce x to be h]etical1 w\ld h t\*$ ! real "q 9 dispute4 ,b ! great dispute be+ ab\t ! s5se ( ,jans5ius1 ! "o p>ty say+ t !y c\ld see no?+ 9 x inconsi/5t ) ! s5se ( ,/4 ,augu/9e & ,/4 ,?omas1 & ! o!r p>ty ass]t+ t !y saw 9 x an h]etical s5se :i* !y w\ld n express4 ,x is cle> t a con/itution#cci :i* does n say a ^w ab\t ?is diff]5ce ( op9ion1 & :i* only condemns 9 g5]al & )\t explanation ! s5se ( ,jans5ius1 leaves ! po9t 9 dispute q undecid$4 ,y h accord+ly be5 repeat$ly told1 t z y\r discussion turns on a matt] ( fact1 y w\ld nev] be able to br+ x to a conclusion )\t decl>+ :at y und]/& by ! s5se ( ,jans5ius4 ,b1 z y cont9u$ ob/9ate 9 y\r refusal to make ?is explanation1 ,i endeavor$1 z a la/ res\rce1 to extort x f y1 by h9t+1 9 my la/ lett]1 t !re 0 "s my/]y "u ! ef=ts y 7 mak+ to procure ! condemnation ( ?is s5se )\t expla9+ x1 & t y\r design 0 to make ?is indef9ite c5sure recoil1 "s day or o!r1 ^u ! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace1 by %[+1 z y c\ld easily d1 t ?is 0 exactly ! doctr9e ( ,jans5ius4 ,?is has r$uc$ y to ! necessity ( mak+ a reply2 =1 _h y p]t9aci\sly refus$1 aft] su* an ins9uation1 to expla9 y\r views ( t s5se1 x w\ld h be5 app>5t1 to p]sons ( ! smalle/ p5etration1 t y condemn$ x 9 ! s5se ( efficaci\s grace--a conclusion :i*1 consid]+ ! v5]ation 9 :i* ! ,*ur* holds t holy doctr9e1 w\ld h ov]:elm$ y ) disgrace4 ,y h1 !re=e1 be5 =c$ to speak out y\r m9d2 & we f9d x express$ 9 y\r reply to t "p ( my lett] 9 :i* ,i rem>k$1 t 8if ,jans5ius 0 capable ( any o!r s5se ?an t ( efficaci\s grace1 he _h no def5d]s2 b if 8 writ+s bore no o!r s5se1 he _h no errors to def5d40 ,y f\nd x impossible to d5y ?is position1 fa!r2 b y h attempt$ to p>ry x by ! foll[+ di/9ction3 8,x is n suffici5t10 say y1 8= ! v9dication ( ,jans5ius1 to allege t he m]ely holds ! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace1 = t may be held 9 two ways--! "o h]etical1 accord+ to ,calv91 :i* consi/s 9 ma9ta9+ t ! w1 :5 "u ! influ5ce ( grace1 has n ! p[] ( resi/+ x2 ! o!r or?odox1 accord+ to ! ,?omi/s & ! ,sorboni/s1 :i* is f\nd$ on ! pr9ciples e/abli%$ by ! c\ncils1 & :i* is1 t efficaci\s grace ( itself gov]ns ! w 9 su* a way t x /ill has ! p[] ( resi/+ x40 ,all ?is we grant1 fa!r2 b y conclude by add+3 8,jans5ius w\ld be or?odox1 if he def5d$ efficaci\s grace 9 ! s5se ( ! ,?omi/s2 b he is h]etical1 because he opposes ! ,?omi/s1 & jo9s issue ) ,calv91 :o d5ies ! p[] ( resi/+ grace40 ,i d n "h ent] ^u ! "q ( fact1 :e!r ,jans5ius really agrees ) ,calv94 ,x is en\gh = my purpose t y ass]t t he does1 & t y n[ in=m me t by ! s5se ( ,jans5ius y h all along und]/ood no?+ m ?an ! s5se ( ,calv94 ,0 ?is all y meant1 !n1 fa!r8 ,0 x only ! error ( ,calv9 t y 7 s anxi\s to get condemn$1 "u ! "n ( 8! s5se ( ,jans5ius80 ,:y did y n tell u ?is soon]8 ,y might h sav$ y\rself a _w ( tr\ble2 = we 7 all ready1 )\t ! aid ( bulls or briefs1 to jo9 ) y 9 condemn+ t error4 ,:at urg5t necessity !re 0 = su* an explanation6 ,:at a ho/ ( difficulties has x remov$6 ,we 7 q at a loss1 my de> fa!r1 to "k :at error ! popes & bi%ops meant to condemn1 "u ! "n ( 8! s5se ( ,jans5ius40 ,! :ole ,*ur* 0 9 ! utmo/ p]plexity ab\t x1 & n a s\l w\ld relieve u by an explanation4 ,?is1 h[ev]1 has n[ be5 done by y1 fa!r--y :om ! :ole ( y\r p>ty reg>d z ! *ief & prime mov] ( all _! c\ncils1 & :o are acqua9t$ ) ! :ole secret ( ?is proce$+4 ,y1 !n1 h told u t ! s5se ( ,jans5ius is nei!r m nor less ?an ! s5se ( ,calv91 :i* has be5 condemn$ by ! c\ncil4#cdj ,:y1 ?is expla9s ev]y?+4 ,we "k n[ t ! error :i* !y int5d$ to condemn1 "u ^! t]ms--! s5se ( ,jans5ius--is nei!r m nor less ?an ! s5se ( ,calv92 & t1 consequ5tly1 we1 by jo9+ ) !m 9 ! condemnation ( ,calv9's doctr9e1 h yield$ all due ob$i5ce to ^! decrees4 ,we are no long] surpris$ at ! zeal :i* ! popes & "s bi%ops manife/$ aga9/ 8! s5se ( ,jans5ius40 ,h[1 inde$1 c\ld !y be o!rwise ?an zeal\s aga9/ x1 believ+ z !y did ! decl>ations ( ^? :o publicly affirm$ t x 0 id5tically ! same ) t ( ,calv98 ,i mu/ ma9ta91 !n1 fa!r1 t y h no fur!r reason to qu>rel ) y\r adv]s>ies2 = !y dete/ t doctr9e z he>tily z y d4 ,i am only a/oni%$ to see t y are ignorant ( ?is fact1 & t y h su* an imp]fect acqua9tance ) _! s5tim5ts on ?is po9t1 :i* !y h s repeat$ly express$ 9 _! publi%$ works4 ,i flatt] myself t1 7 y m intimate ) ^! writ+s1 y w\ld deeply regret y\r n hav+ made y\rself acqua9t$ soon]1 9 ! _s ( peace1 ) a doctr9e :i* is 9 e respect s holy & s ,*ri/ian1 b :i* passion1 9 ! abs5ce ( k1 n[ prompts y to oppose4 ,y w\ld f9d1 fa!r1 t !y n only hold t an effective resi/ance may be made to ^? feebl] graces :i* g "u ! "n ( excit+ or inefficaci\s1 f _! n t]m9at+ 9 ! good ) :i* !y inspire u2 b t !y are1 moreov]1 z firm 9 ma9ta9+1 9 opposition to ,calv91 ! p[] :i* ! w has to resi/ ev5 efficaci\s & victori\s grace1 z !y are 9 cont5d+ aga9/ ,mol9a = ! p[] ( ?is grace ov] ! w1 & fully z jeal\s = ! "o ( ^! tru?s z !y are = ! o!r4 ,!y "k too well t man1 ( 8 own nature1 has always ! p[] ( s9n+ & ( resi/+ grace2 & t1 s9ce he became corrupt1 he unhappily c>ries 9 8 brea/ a f\nt ( concupisc5ce :i* inf9itely augm5ts t p[]2 b t1 not)/&+ ?is1 :5 x pleases ,god to visit him ) 8 m]cy1 he makes ! s\l d :at he wills1 & 9 ! mann] he wills x to be done1 :ile1 at ! same "t1 ! infallibility ( ! div9e op]ation does n 9 any way de/roy ! natural lib]ty ( man1 9 consequ5ce ( ! secret & wond]ful ways by :i* ,god op]ates ?is *ange4 ,?is has be5 mo/ admirably expla9$ by ,/4 ,augu/9e1 9 su* a way z to dissipate all ^? imag9>y inconsi/5cies :i* ! oppon5ts ( efficaci\s grace suppose to exi/ betwe5 ! sov]eign p[] ( grace ov] ! free-w & ! p[] :i* ! free-w has to resi/ grace4 ,=1 accord+ to ?is great sa9t1 :om ! popes & ! ,*ur* h held to be a /&>d au?ority on ?is subject1 ,god trans=ms ! he>t ( man1 by %$d+ abroad 9 x a heav5ly sweetness1 :i*1 surm\nt+ ! delights ( ! fle%1 & induc+ him to feel1 on ! "o h&1 8 own mortality & no?+ness1 & to discov]1 on ! o!r h&1 ! maje/y & et]nity ( ,god1 makes him conceive a di/a/e = ! pleasures ( s91 :i* int]pose betwe5 him & incorruptible happ9ess4 ,f9d+ 8 *iefe/ joy 9 ! ,god :o *>ms him1 8 s\l is drawn t[>ds him infallibly1 b ( its own accord1 by a motion p]fectly free1 spontane\s1 love-impell$2 s t x w\ld be its torm5t & puni%m5t to be sep>at$ f him4 ,n b t ! p]son has always ! p[] ( =sak+ 8 ,god1 & t he may n actually =sake him1 provid$ he *oose to d x4 ,b h[ c\ld he *oose su* a c\rse1 see+ t ! w always incl9es to t :i* is mo/ agreeable to x1 & t 9 ! case we n[ suppose no?+ c be m agreeable ?an ! possession ( t "o good1 :i* comprises 9 itself all o!r good ?+s4 8,quod enim 7says ,/4 ,augu/9e7 amplius nos delectat1 secundum op]emur necesse e/--,our actions are necess>ily det]m9$ by t :i* af=ds u ! greate/ pleasure40 ,su* is ! mann] 9 :i* ,god regulates ! free w ( man )\t encroa*+ on its fre$om1 & 9 :i* ! free w1 :i* always may1 b nev] w1 resi/ 8 grace1 turns to ,god ) a movem5t z volunt>y z x is irresi/ible1 :5soev] he is pleas$ to draw x to himself by ! sweet con/ra9t ( 8 efficaci\s inspirations4#cda ,^!1 fa!r1 are ! div9e pr9ciples ( ,/4 ,augu/9e & ,/4 ,?omas1 accord+ to :i* x is equally true t we h ! p[] ( resi/+ grace1 contr>y to ,calv9's op9ion1 & t1 nev]!less1 to employ ! language ( ,pope ,clem5t ,,viii41 9 8 pap] address$ to ! ,congregation de ,auxiliis1 8,god =ms )9 u ! motion ( our w1 & effectually disposes ( our he>ts1 by virtue ( t empire :i* 8 supreme maje/y has ov] ! volitions ( m51 z well z ov] ! o!r creatures "u heav51 accord+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e40 ,on ! same pr9ciple1 x foll[s t we act ( ourselves1 & ?us1 9 opposition to ano!r error ( ,calv91 t we h m]its :i* are truly & prop]ly ours2 & yet1 z ,god is ! fir/ pr9ciple ( our actions1 & z1 9 ! language ( ,/4 ,paul1 he 8worke? 9 u t :i* is pleas+ 9 8 sight20 8our m]its are ! gifts ( ,god10 z ! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t says4 ,by means ( ?is di/9ction we demoli% ! pr(ane s5tim5t ( ,lu!r1 condemn$ by t ,c\ncil1 namely1 t 8we co-op]ate 9 no way :atev] t[>ds our salvation1 any m ?an inanimate ?+s20#cdb &1 by ! same mode ( reason+1 we ov]?r[ ! equally pr(ane s5tim5t ( ! s*ool ( ,mol9a1 :o w n all[ t x is by ! /r5g? ( div9e grace t we are enabl$ to co-op]ate ) x 9 ! "w ( our salvation1 & :o !reby comes into ho/ile collision ) t pr9ciple ( fai? e/abli%$ by ,/4 ,paul1 8,t x is ,god :o worke? 9 u bo? to w & to d40 ,9 f9e1 9 ?is way we reconcile all ^? passages ( ,scripture :i* seem q inconsi/5t ) ea* o!r1 su* z ! foll[+3 8,turn ye unto ,god0--8,turn ?\ u1 & we %all be turn$0--8,ca/ away iniquity f y0--8,x is ,god :o take? away iniquity f 8 p0--8,br+ =? works meet = rep5tance0--8,"l1 ?\ ha/ wr\ght all our works 9 u0--8,make ye a new he>t & a new _s0--8,a new _s w ,i give y1 & a new he>t w ,i create )9 y10 c4 ,! only way ( reconcil+ ^! app>5t contr>ieties1 :i* ascribe our good actions at "o "t to ,god1 & at ano!r "t to ourselves1 is to keep 9 view ! di/9ction1 z /at$ by ,/4 ,augu/9e1 t 8our actions are ours 9 respect ( ! free w :i* produces !m2 b t !y are also ( ,god1 9 respect ( 8 grace :i* enables our free w to produce !m20 & t1 z ! same writ] else:]e rem>ks1 8,god enables u to d :at is pleas+ 9 8 sight1 by mak+ u w to d ev5 :at we might h be5 unwill+ to d40 ,x ?us appe>s1 fa!r1 t y\r oppon5ts are p]fectly at "o ) ! mod]n ,?omi/s1 = ! ,?omi/s hold1 ) !m1 bo? ! p[] ( resi/+ grace1 & ! infallibility ( ! effect ( grace2 ( :i* latt] doctr9e !y pr(ess !mselves ! mo/ /r5u\s advocates1 if we may judge f a common maxim ( _! !ology1 :i* ,alv>ez1#cdc "o ( ! lead+ m5 among !m1 repeats s (t5 9 8 book1 & expresses 9 ! foll[+ t]ms 7disp4 #gb1 n4 #d73 8,:5 efficaci\s grace moves ! free w1 x infallibly cons5ts2 because ! effect ( grace is su*1 t1 al?\gh ! w has ! p[] ( )hold+ its cons5t1 x nev]!less cons5ts 9 effect40 ,he corroborates ?is by a quotation f 8 ma/]1 ,/4 ,?omas3 8,! w ( ,god _c fail to be accompli%$2 &1 accord+ly1 :5 x is 8 pleasure t a man %\ld cons5t to ! influ5ce ( grace1 he cons5ts infallibly1 & ev5 necess>ily1 n by an absolute necessity1 b by a necessity ( infallibility40 ,9 effect+ ?is1 div9e grace does n tr5* ^u 8! p[] :i* man has to resi/ x1 if he wi%es to d s20 x m]ely prev5ts him f wi%+ to resi/ x4 ,?is has be5 ackn[l$g$ by y\r ,fa!r ,petau1 9 ! foll[+ passage 7tom4 i4 p4 #fjb73 8,! grace ( ,jesus ,*ri/ insures infallible p]sev]ance 9 piety1 ?\gh n by necessity2 = a p]son may refuse to yield 8 cons5t to grace1 if he be s incl9$1 z ! c\ncil /ates2 b t same grace provides t he %all nev] be s incl9$40 ,?is1 fa!r1 is ! uni=m doctr9e ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 ( ,/4 ,prosp]1 ( ! fa!rs :o foll[$ !m1 ( ! c\ncils1 ( ,/4 ,?omas1 & ( all ! ,?omi/s 9 g5]al4 ,x is likewise1 :atev] y may ?9k ( x1 ! doctr9e ( y\r oppon5ts4 ,& let me add1 x is ! doctr9e :i* y y\rself h lately seal$ ) y\r approbation4 ,i %all quote y\r own words3 8,! doctr9e ( efficaci\s grace1 :i* admits t we h a p[] ( resi/+ x1 is or?odox1 f\nd$ on ! c\ncils1 & support$ by ! ,?omi/s & ,sorboni/s40 ,n[1 tell u ! pla9 tru?1 fa!r2 if y _h kn[n t y\r oppon5ts really held ?is doctr9e1 ! int]e/s ( y\r ,society might p]haps h made y scruple be=e pron\nc+ ?is public approval ( x2 b1 act+ on ! supposition t !y 7 ho/ile to ! doctr9e1 ! same p[]ful motive has induc$ y to au?orize s5tim5ts :i* y "k 9 y\r he>t to be contr>y to ^? ( y\r ,society2 & by ?is blund]1 9 y\r anxiety to ru9 _! pr9ciples1 y h y\rself completely confirm$ !m4 ,s t1 by a k9d ( prodigy1 we n[ behold ! advocates ( efficaci\s grace v9dicat$ by ! advocates ( ,mol9a--an admirable in/ance ( ! wisdom ( ,god 9 mak+ all ?+s concur to advance ! glory ( ! tru?4 ,let ! :ole _w obs]ve1 !n1 t by y\r own admission1 ! tru? ( ?is efficaci\s grace1 :i* is s ess5tial to all ! acts ( piety1 :i* is s de> to ! ,*ur*1 & :i* is ! pur*ase ( h] ,savi\r's blood1 is s indisputably ,ca?olic1 t !re is n a s+le ,ca?olic1 n ev5 among ! ,jesuits1 :o w\ld n ackn[l$ge its or?odoxy4 ,& let x be notic$1 at ! same "t1 t1 accord+ to y\r own confession1 n ! slighte/ suspicion ( error c fall on ^? :om y h s (t5 /igmatiz$ ) x4 ,= s long z y *>g$ !m ) cl&e/9e h]esies1 )\t *oos+ to specify !m by "n1 x 0 z difficult = !m to def5d !mselves z x 0 easy = y to br+ su* accusations4 ,b n[1 :5 y h come to decl>e t ! error :i* con/ra9s y to oppose !m1 is ! h]esy ( ,calv9 :i* y suppos$ !m to hold1 x mu/ be app>5t to e "o t !y are innoc5t ( all error2 = s decid$ly ho/ile are !y to ?is1 ! only error y *>ge ^u !m1 t !y prote/1 by _! disc\rses1 by _! books1 by e mode1 9 %ort1 9 :i* !y c te/ify _! s5tim5ts1 t !y condemn t h]esy ) _! :ole he>t1 & 9 ! same mann] z x has be5 condemn$ by ! ,?omi/s1 :om y ackn[l$ge1 )\t scruple1 to be ,ca?olics1 & :o h nev] be5 suspect$ to be any?+ else4 ,:at w y say aga9/ !m n[1 fa!r8 ,w y say t !y are h]etics /ill1 because1 al?\gh !y d n adopt ! s5se ( ,calv91 !y w n all[ t ! s5se ( ,jans5ius is ! same ) t ( ,calv98 ,w y presume to say t ?is is matt] ( h]esy8 ,is x n a pure "q ( fact1 ) :i* h]esy has no?+ to d8 ,x w\ld be h]etical to say t we h n ! p[] ( resi/+ efficaci\s grace2 b w\ld x be s to d\bt t ,jans5ius held t doctr9e8 ,is ?is a reveal$ tru?8 ,is x an article ( fai? :i* mu/ be believ$1 on pa9 ( damnation8 or is x n1 9 spite ( y1 a po9t ( fact1 on acc\nt ( :i* x w\ld be ridicul\s to hold t !re 7 h]etics 9 ! ,*ur*4 ,drop ?is epi!t1 !n1 fa!r1 & give !m "s o!r "n1 m suit$ to ! nature ( y\r dispute4 ,tell !m1 !y are ignorant & /upid--t !y misund]/& ,jans5ius4 ,^! w\ld be *>ges 9 keep+ ) y\r controv]sy2 b x is q irrelevant to call !m h]etics4 ,z ?is1 h[ev]1 is ! only *>ge f :i* ,i am anxi\s to def5d !m1 ,i %all n give myself mu* tr\ble to %[ t !y rightly und]/& ,jans5ius4 ,all ,i %all say on ! po9t1 fa!r1 is1 t x appe>s to me t 7 he to be judg$ accord+ to y\r own rules1 x w\ld be difficult to prove him n to be a good ,ca?olic4 ,we %all try him by ! te/ y h propos$4 8,to "k10 say y1 8:e!r ,jans5ius is s\nd or n1 we mu/ inquire :e!r he def5ds efficaci\s grace 9 ! mann] ( ,calv91 :o d5ies t man has ! p[] ( resi/+ x--9 :i* case he w\ld be h]etical2 or 9 ! mann] ( ! ,?omi/s1 :o admit t x may be resi/$--= !n he w\ld be ,ca?olic40 ,judge1 !n1 fa!r1 :e!r he holds t grace may be resi/$1 :5 he says1 8,t we h always a p[] to resi/ grace1 accord+ to ! c\ncil2 t free w may always act or n act1 w or n w1 cons5t or n cons5t1 d good or d evil2 & t man1 9 ?is life1 has always ^! two lib]ties1 :i* may be call$ by "s contradictions40#cdd ,judge1 likewise1 if he be n oppos$ to ! error ( ,calv91 z y h describ$ x1 :5 he occupies a :ole *apt] 7#ba/7 9 %[+ 8t ! ,*ur* has condemn$ t h]etic :o d5ies t efficaci\s grace acts on ! free w 9 ! mann] :i* has be5 s long believ$ 9 ! ,*ur*1 s z to leave x 9 ! p[] ( free w to cons5t or n to cons5t2 :]eas1 accord+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e & ! c\ncil1 we h always ! p[] ( )hold+ our cons5t if we *oose2 & accord+ to ,/4 ,prosp]1 ,god be/[s ev5 ^u 8 elect ! w to p]sev]e1 9 su* a way z n to deprive !m ( ! p[] to w ! contr>y40 ,&1 9 "o ^w1 judge if he d n agree ) ! ,?omi/s1 f ! foll[+ decl>ation 9 *apt] #d?3 8,t all t ! ,?omi/s h writt5 ) ! view ( reconcil+ ! efficaci\sness ( grace ) ! p[] ( resi/+ x1 s entirely co9cides ) 8 judgm5t1 t to asc]ta9 8 s5tim5ts on ?is subject1 we h only to consult _! writ+s40 ,su* be+ ! language he holds on ^! heads1 my op9ion is1 t he believes 9 ! p[] ( resi/+ grace2 t he diff]s f ,calv91 & agrees ) ! ,?omi/s1 because he has said s2 & t he is1 !re=e1 accord+ to y\r own %[+1 a ,ca?olic4 ,if y h any means ( kn[+ ! s5se ( an au?or o!rwise ?an by 8 expressions2 & if1 )\t quot+ any ( 8 passages1 y are dispos$ to ma9ta91 9 direct opposition to 8 own words1 t he d5ies ?is p[] ( resi/ance1 & t he is = ,calv9 & aga9/ ! ,?omi/s1 d n be afraid1 fa!r1 t ,i w accuse y ( h]esy = t4 ,i %all only say1 t y d n seem prop]ly to und]/& ,jans5ius2 b we %all n be ! less on t acc\nt *ildr5 ( ! same ,*ur*4 ,h[ comes x1 !n1 fa!r1 t y manage ?is dispute 9 su* a passionate _s1 & t y treat z y\r mo/ cruel enemies1 & z ! mo/ pe/il5t ( h]etics1 a class ( p]sons :om y _c accuse ( any error1 nor ( any?+ :atev]1 except t !y d n und]/& ,jans5ius z y d8 ,= :at else 9 ! _w d y dispute ab\t1 except ! s5se ( t au?or8 ,y w\ld h !m to condemn x4 ,!y ask :at y mean !m to condemn4 ,y reply1 t y mean ! error ( ,calv94 ,!y rejo9 t !y condemn t error2 & ) ?is ackn[l$gm5t 7unless x is syllables y wi% to condemn1 & n ! ?+ :i* !y signify71 y ought to re/ satisfi$4 ,if !y refuse to say t !y condemn ! s5se ( ,jans5ius1 x is because !y believe x to be t ( ,/4 ,?omas1 & ?us ?is unhappy phrase has a v equivocal mean+ betwixt y4 ,9 y\r m\? x signifies ! s5se ( ,calv92 9 !irs ! s5se ( ,/4 ,?omas4 ,y\r diss5sions arise entirely f ! diff]5t ideas :i* y atta* to ! same t]m4 ,7 ,i made umpire 9 ! qu>rel1 ,i w\ld int]dict ! use ( ! ^w ,jans5ius1 on bo? sides2 & ?us1 by oblig+ y m]ely to express :at y und]/& by x1 x w\ld be se5 t y ask no?+ m ?an ! condemnation ( ,calv91 to :i* !y will+ly agree2 & t !y ask no?+ m ?an ! v9dication ( ! s5se ( ,/4 ,augu/9e & ,/4 ,?omas1 9 :i* y aga9 p]fectly co9cide4 ,i decl>e1 !n1 fa!r1 t = my "p ,i %all cont9ue to reg>d !m z good ,ca?olics1 :e!r !y condemn ,jans5ius1 on f9d+ him errone\s1 or refuse to condemn him1 f f9d+ t he ma9ta9s no?+ m ?an :at y y\rself ackn[l$ge to be or?odox2 & t ,i %all say to !m :at ,/4 ,j]ome said to ,john1 bi%op ( ,j]usalem1 :o 0 accus$ ( hold+ ! eight propositions ( ,orig53 8,ei!r condemn ,orig51 if y ackn[l$ge t he has ma9ta9$ ^! errors1 or else d5y t he has ma9ta9$ !m--,aut nega hoc dixisse eum qui arguitur2 aut si locutus e/ talia1 eum damna qui dix]it40 ,see1 fa!r1 h[ ^! p]sons act$1 ^: sole conc]n 0 ) pr9ciples1 & n ) p]sons2 :]eas y :o aim at p]sons m ?an pr9ciples1 consid] x a matt] ( no consequ5ce to condemn errors1 unless y procure ! condemnation ( ! individuals to :om y *oose to impute !m4 ,h[ ridicul\sly viol5t y\r conduct is1 fa!r6 & h[ ill calculat$ to insure success6 ,i told y be=e1 & ,i repeat x1 viol5ce & v]ity c make no impression on ea* o!r4 ,nev] 7 y\r accusations m outrage\s1 & nev] 0 ! innoc5ce ( y\r oppon5ts m disc]nible3 nev] has efficaci\s grace be5 attack$ ) great] subtility1 & nev] has x be5 m triumphantly e/abli%$4 ,y h made ! mo/ desp]ate ef=ts to conv9ce p t y\r disputes involv$ po9ts ( fai?2 & nev] 0 x m app>5t t ! :ole controv]sy turn$ ^u a m]e po9t ( fact4 ,9 f9e1 y h mov$ heav5 & e>? to make x appe> t ?is po9t ( fact is f\nd$ on tru?2 & nev] 7 p m dispos$ to call x 9 "q4 ,& ! obvi\s reason ( ?is is1 t y d n take ! natural c\rse to make !m believe a po9t ( fact1 :i* is to conv9ce _! s5ses1 & po9t out to !m 9 a book ! words :i* y allege are to be f\nd 9 x4 ,! means y h adopt$ are s f> remov$ f ?is /raight=w>d c\rse1 t ! mo/ obtuse m9ds are unavoidably /ruck by obs]v+ x4 ,:y did y n take ! plan :i* ,i foll[$ 9 br++ to light ! wick$ maxims ( y\r au?ors--:i* 0 to cite fai?fully ! passages ( _! writ+s f :i* !y 7 extract$8 ,?is 0 ! mode foll[$ by ! curs ( ,p>is1 & x nev] fails to produce conviction4 ,b1 :5 y 7 *>g$ by !m ) hold+1 = example1 ! proposition ( ,fa!r ,lamy1 t a 8monk may kill a p]son :o ?reat5s to publi% calumnies aga9/ himself or 8 ord]1 :5 he _c o!rwise prev5t ! publication10--:at w\ld y h ?\ght1 & :at w\ld ! public h said1 if !y _h n quot$ ! place :]e t s5tim5t is lit]ally to be f\nd8 or if1 aft] hav+ be5 repeat$ly dem&$ to quote _! au?ority1 !y /ill ob/9ately refus$ to d x8 or if1 in/ead ( acc$+ to ?is1 !y _h gone (f to ,rome1 & procur$ a bull1 orda9+ all m5 to ackn[l$ge ! tru? ( _! /atem5t8 ,w\ld x n be und\bt$ly conclud$ t !y _h surpris$ ! pope1 & t !y w\ld nev] h _h rec\rse to ?is extraord9>y me?od1 b = want ( ! natural means ( sub/antiat+ ! tru?1 :i* matt]s ( fact furni% to all :o und]take to prove !m8 ,accord+ly1 !y _h no m to d ?an to tell u t ,fa!r ,lamy tea*es ?is doctr9e 9 tome #e1 disp4 #cf1 n4 #aah1 page #edd1 ( ! ,d\ay edition2 & by ?is means ev]ybody :o wi%$ to see x f\nd x out1 & nobody c\ld d\bt ab\t x any long]4 ,?is appe>s to be a v easy & prompt way ( putt+ an end to controv]sies ( fact1 :5 "o has got ! "r side ( ! "q4 ,h[ comes x1 !n1 fa!r1 t y d n foll[ ?is plan8 ,y said1 9 y\r book1 t ! five propositions are 9 ,jans5ius1 ^w = ^w1 9 ! id5tical t]ms--iisdem v]bis4 ,y 7 told !y 7 n4 ,:at _h y to d aft] ?is1 b ei!r to cite ! page1 if y _h really f\nd ! words1 or to ackn[l$ge t y 7 mi/ak54 ,b y h done nei!r ! "o nor ! o!r4 ,9 place ( ?is1 on f9d+ t all ! passages f ,jans5ius1 :i* y sometimes adduce = ! purpose ( hoodw9k+ ! p1 are n 8! condemn$ propositions 9 _! individual id5tity10 z y _h engag$ to %[ u1 y pres5t u ) ,con/itutions f ,rome1 :i*1 )\t specify+ any p>ticul> place1 decl>e t ! propositions h be5 extract$ f 8 book4 ,i am s5sible1 fa!r1 ( ! respect :i* ,*ri/ians owe to ! ,holy ,see1 & y\r antagoni/s give suffici5t evid5ce ( _! resolution ev] to abide by its decisions4 ,d n imag9e t x impli$ any defici5cy 9 ?is due def]5ce on _! "p1 t !y repres5t$ to ! pope1 ) all ! submission :i* *ildr5 owe to _! fa!r1 & memb]s to _! head1 t x 0 possible he might be deceiv$ on ?is po9t ( fact--t he _h n caus$ x to be inve/igat$ dur+ 8 pontificate2 & t 8 pr$ecessor1 ,innoc5t ,x41 _h m]ely exam9$ into ! h]etical "* ( ! propositions1 & n into ! fact ( _! connection ) ,jans5ius4 ,?is !y /at$ to ! commiss>y ( ! ,holy ,(fice1 "o ( ! pr9cipal exam9ators1 /at+1 t !y c\ld n be c5sur$1 accord+ to ! s5se ( any au?or1 because !y _h be5 pres5t$ = exam9ation on _! own m]its1 & )\t consid]+ to :at au?or !y might belong3 fur!r1 t upw>ds ( sixty doctors1 & a va/ numb] ( o!r p]sons ( le>n+ & piety1 _h read t book c>efully ov]1 )\t ev] hav+ enc\nt]$ ! proscrib$ propositions1 & t !y h f\nd "s ( a q opposite description3 t ^? :o _h produc$ t impression on ! m9d ( ! pope1 might be reasonably presum$ to h abus$ ! confid5ce he repos$ 9 !m1 inasmu* z !y _h an int]e/ 9 decry+ t au?or1 :o has convict$ ,mol9a ( upw>ds ( fifty errors3#cde t :at r5d]s ?is supposition /ill m probable is1 t !y h a c]ta9 maxim among !m1 "o ( ! be/ au!nticat$ 9 _! :ole sy/em ( !ology1 :i* is1 8t !y may1 )\t crim9ality1 calumniate ^? by :om !y conceive !mselves to be unju/ly attack$30 & t1 accord+ly1 _! te/imony be+ s suspici\s1 & ! te/imony ( ! o!r p>ty s respectable1 !y _h "s gr\nd = supplicat+ 8 hol9ess1 ) ! mo/ pr(\nd humility1 t he w\ld orda9 an inve/igation to be made into ?is fact1 9 ! pres5ce ( doctors belong+ to bo? p>ties1 9 ord] t a solemn & regul> decision might be =m$ on ! po9t 9 dispute4 8,let !re be a convocation ( able judges 7says ,/4 ,basil on a simil> occasion1 ,ep4 #ge72 let ea* ( !m be left at p]fect fre$om2 let !m exam9e my writ+s2 let !m judge if !y conta9 errors aga9/ ! fai?2 let !m read ! objections & ! replies2 t s a judgm5t may be giv5 9 due =m1 & ) prop] k ( ! case1 & n a defamatory libel )\t exam9ation40 ,x is q va9 = y1 fa!r1 to repres5t ^? :o w\ld act 9 ! mann] ,i h n[ suppos$ z defici5t 9 prop] subjection to ! ,holy ,see4 ,! popes are v f> f be+ dispos$ to treat ,*ri/ians ) t imp]i\sness :i* "s w\ld fa9 ex]cise "u _! "n4 8,! ,*ur*10 says ,pope ,/4 ,gregory1#cdf 8:i* has be5 tra9$ 9 ! s*ool ( humility1 does n comm& ) au?ority1 b p]suades by reason1 h] *ildr5 :om %e believes to be 9 error1 to obey :at %e has taught !m40 ,& s f> f deem+ x a disgrace to review a judgm5t into :i* !y may h be5 surpris$1 we h ! te/imony ( ,/4 ,b]n>d = say+ t !y glory 9 ackn[l$g+ ! mi/ake4 8,! ,apo/olic ,see 7he says1 ,ep4 #ahj7 c boa/ ( ?is recomm5dation1 t x nev] /&s on ! po9t ( honor1 b will+ly revokes a decision t has be5 ga9$ f x by surprise2 inde$1 x is highly j to prev5t any f pr(it+ by an act ( inju/ice1 & m especially be=e ! ,holy ,see40 ,su*1 fa!r1 are ! prop] s5tim5ts ) :i* ! popes ought to be inspir$2 = all div9es are agre$ t !y may be surpris$1#cdg & t _! supreme "*1 s f> f w>rant+ !m aga9/ mi/akes1 exposes !m ! m readily to fall into !m1 on acc\nt ( ! va/ numb] ( c>es :i* claim _! att5tion4 ,?is is :at ! same ,/4 ,gregory says to "s p]sons :o 7 a/oni%$ at ! circum/ance ( ano!r pope hav+ suff]$ himself to be delud$3 8,:y d y wond]10 says he1 8t we %\ld be deceiv$1 we :o are b m58 ,h y n read t ,david1 a k+ :o _h ! _s ( prophecy1 0 induc$1 by giv+ cr$it to ! falsehoods ( ,ziba1 to pron\nce an unju/ judgm5t aga9/ ! son ( ,jona?an8 ,:o w ?9k x /range1 !n1 t we1 :o are n prophets1 %\ld sometimes be impos$ ^u by deceiv]s8 ,a multiplicity ( affairs presses on u1 & our m9ds1 :i*1 by be+ oblig$ to att5d to s _m ?+s at once1 apply !mselves less closely to ea* 9 p>ticul>1 are ! m easily liable to be impos$ ^u 9 individual cases40#cdh ,truly1 fa!r1 ,i %\ld suppose t ! popes "k bett] ?an y :e!r !y may be deceiv$ or n4 ,!y !mselves tell u t popes1 z well z ! greate/ pr9ces1 are m expos$ to deception ?an individuals :o are less occupi$ ) important avocations4 ,?is mu/ be believ$ on _! te/imony4 ,& x is easy to imag9e by :at means !y come to be ?us ov]-rea*$4 ,/4 ,b]n>d1 9 ! lett] :i* he wrote to ,innoc5t ,,ii41 gives u ! foll[+ description ( ! process3 8,x is no wond]1 & no novelty1 t ! human m9d may be deceiv$1 & is deceiv$4 ,y are surr\nd$ by monks :o come to y 9 ! _s ( ly+ & deceit4 ,!y h fill$ y\r e>s ) /ories aga9/ a bi%op1 ^: life has be5 mo/ exempl>y1 b :o is ! object ( _! hatr$4 ,^! p]sons bite l dogs1 & /rive to make good appe> evil4 ,mean:ile1 mo/ holy fa!r1 y put y\rself into a rage aga9/ y\r own son4 ,:y h y af=d$ matt] ( joy to 8 enemies8 ,believe n e _s1 b try ! spirits :e!r !y be ( ,god4 ,i tru/ t1 :5 y h asc]ta9$ ! tru?1 all ?is delusion1 :i* re/s on a false report1 w be dissipat$4 ,i pray ! ,_s ( tru? to grant y ! grace to sep>ate light f d>kness1 & to favor ! good by reject+ ! evil40 ,y see !n1 fa!r1 t ! em95t rank ( ! popes does n exempt !m f ! influ5ce ( delusion2 & ,i may n[ add1 t x only s]ves to r5d] _! mi/akes m dang]\s & important ?an ^? ( o!r m54 ,?is is ! light 9 :i* ,/4 ,b]n>d repres5ts !m to ,pope ,eug5ius3 8,!re is ano!r fault1 s common among ! great ( ?is _w1 t ,i nev] met "o ( !m :o 0 free f x2 & t is1 holy fa!r1 an excessive cr$ulity1 ! s\rce ( num]\s disord]s4 ,f ?is proce$ viol5t p]secutions aga9/ ! innoc5t1 unf\nd$ prejudices aga9/ ! abs5t1 & trem5d\s /orms ab\t no?+ 7pro nihilo74 ,?is1 holy fa!r1 is a univ]sal evil1 f ! influ5ce ( :i*1 if y are exempt1 ,i %all only say1 y are ! only individual among all y\r compe]s :o c boa/ ( t privilege40#cdi ,i imag9e1 fa!r1 t ! pro(s ,i h br\ght are beg9n+ to conv9ce y t ! popes are liable to be surpris$4 ,b1 to complete y\r conv]sion1 ,i %all m]ely rem9d y ( "s examples1 :i* y y\rself h quot$ 9 y\r book1 ( popes & emp]ors :om h]etics h actually deceiv$4 ,y w rememb]1 !n1 t y h told u t ,apoll9>ius surpris$ ,pope ,damasius1 9 ! same way t ,cele/ius surpris$ ,zozimus4 ,y in=m u1 besides1 t "o call$ ,a?anasius deceiv$ ! ,emp]or ,h]aclius1 & prevail$ on him to p]secute ! ,ca?olics4 ,& la/ly1 t ,s]gius obta9$ f ,honorius t infam\s decretal :i* 0 burn$ at ! six? c\ncil1 8by play+ ! busy-body10 z y say1 8ab\t ! p]son ( t pope40 ,x appe>s1 !n1 fa!r1 by y\r own confession1 t ^? :o act ?is "p ab\t ! p]sons ( k+s & popes1 d sometimes artfully entice !m to p]secute ! fai?ful def5d]s ( ! tru?1 "u ! p]suasion t !y are p]secut+ h]etics4 ,& h5ce ! popes1 :o hold no?+ 9 great] horror ?an ^! surprisals1 h1 by a lett] ( ,alex&] ,,iii41 enact$ an ecclesia/ical /atute1 :i* is ins]t$ 9 ! canonical law1 to p]mit ! susp5sion ( ! execution ( _! bulls & decretals1 :5 !re is gr\nd to suspect t !y h be5 impos$ ^u4 8,if10 says t pope to ! ,ar*bi%op ( ,rav5na1 8we sometimes s5d decretals to y\r frat]nity :i* are oppos$ to y\r s5tim5ts1 give y\rselves no di/ress on t acc\nt4 ,we %all expect y ei!r to c>ry !m respectfully into execution1 or to s5d u ! reason :y y conceive !y ought n to be execut$2 = we deem x "r t y %\ld n execute a decree1 :i* may h be5 procur$ f u by artifice & surprise40 ,su* has be5 ! c\rse pursu$ by ! popes1 ^: sole object is to settle ! disputes ( ,*ri/ians1 & n to foll[ ! passionate c\nsels ( ^? :o /rive to involve !m 9 tr\ble & p]plexity4 ,foll[+ ! advice ( ,/4 ,pet] & ,/4 ,paul1 :o 9 ?is foll[$ ! comm&m5t ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 !y avoid dom9ation4 ,! _s :i* appe>s 9 _! :ole conduct is t ( peace & tru?4#cej ,9 ?is _s !y ord9>ily ins]t 9 _! lett]s ?is clause1 :i* is tacitly und]/ood 9 !m all--8,si ita e/--si preces v]itate nilantur--,if x be s z we h he>d x--if ! facts be true40 ,x is q cle>1 if ! popes !mselves give no =ce to _! bulls1 except 9 s f> z !y are f\nd$ on g5u9e facts1 t x is n ! bulls alone t prove ! tru? ( ! facts1 b t1 on ! contr>y1 ev5 accord+ to ! canoni/s1 x is ! tru? ( ! facts :i* r5d]s ! bulls lawfully admissible4 ,9 :at way1 !n1 are we to le>n ! tru? ( facts8 ,x mu/ be by ! eyes1 fa!r1 :i* are ! legitimate judges ( su* matt]s1 z reason is ! prop] judge ( ?+s natural & intelligible1 & fai? ( ?+s sup]natural & reveal$4 ,=1 s9ce y w =ce me into ?is discussion1 y mu/ all[ me to tell y1 t1 accord+ to ! s5tim5ts ( ! two greate/ doctors ( ! ,*ur*1 ,/4 ,augu/9e & ,/4 ,?omas1 ^! ?ree pr9ciples ( our k1 ! s5ses1 reason1 & fai?1 h ea* _! sep>ate objects1 & _! own degrees ( c]ta9ty4 ,& z ,god has be5 pleas$ to employ ! int]v5tion ( ! s5ses to give entrance to fai? 7= 8fai? come? by he>+071 x foll[s1 t s f> f fai? de/roy+ ! c]ta9ty ( ! s5ses1 to call 9 "q ! fai?ful report ( ! s5ses1 w\ld lead to ! de/ruction ( fai?4 ,x is on ?is pr9ciple t ,/4 ,?omas explicitly /ates t ,god has be5 pleas$ t ! s5sible accid5ts %\ld subsi/ 9 ! eu*>i/1 9 ord] t ! s5ses1 :i* judge only ( ^! accid5ts1 might n be deceiv$4 ,we conclude1 !re=e1 f ?is1 t :atev] ! proposition may be t is submitt$ to our exam9ation1 we mu/ fir/ det]m9e its nature1 to asc]ta9 to :i* ( ^? ?ree pr9ciples x ought to be ref]r$4 ,if x relate to a sup]natural tru?1 we mu/ judge ( x nei!r by ! s5ses nor by reason1 b by ,scripture & ! decisions ( ! ,*ur*4 ,%\ld x conc]n an unreveal$ tru?1 & some?+ )9 ! rea* ( natural reason1 reason mu/ be its prop] judge4 ,& if x embrace a po9t ( fact1 we mu/ yield to ! te/imony ( ! s5ses1 to :i* x naturally belongs to take cognizance ( su* matt]s4 ,s g5]al is ?is rule1 t1 accord+ to ,/4 ,augu/9e & ,/4 ,?omas1 :5 we meet ) a passage ev5 9 ! ,scripture1 ! lit]al mean+ ( :i*1 at fir/ sight1 appe>s contr>y to :at ! s5ses or reason are c]ta9ly p]suad$ (1 we mu/ n attempt to reject _! te/imony 9 ?is case1 & yield !m up to ! au?ority ( t app>5t s5se ( ! ,scripture1 b we mu/ int]pret ! ,scripture1 & seek out !re9 ano!r s5se agreeable to t s5sible tru?2 because1 ! ,^w ( ,god be+ infallible 9 ! facts :i* x records1 & ! in=mation ( ! s5ses & ( reason1 act+ 9 _! sph]e1 be+ c]ta9 also1 x foll[s t !re mu/ be an agreem5t betwe5 ^! two s\rces ( k4 ,& z ,scripture may be int]pret$ 9 diff]5t ways1 :]eas ! te/imony ( ! s5ses is uni=m1 we mu/ 9 ^! matt]s adopt z ! true int]pretation ( ,scripture t view :i* corresponds ) ! fai?ful report ( ! s5ses4 8,two ?+s10 says ,/4 ,?omas1 8mu/ be obs]v$1 accord+ to ! doctr9e ( ,/4 ,augu/9e3 fir/1 ,t ,scripture has always "o true s5se2 & secondly1 ,t z x may receive v>i\s s5ses1 :5 we h discov]$ "o :i* reason pla9ly tea*es to be false1 we mu/ n p]si/ 9 ma9ta9+ t ?is is ! natural s5se1 b se>* out ano!r ) :i* reason w agree40#cea ,/4 ,?omas expla9s 8 mean+ by ! example ( a passage 9 ,g5esis1 :]e x is writt5 t 8,god creat$ two great lights1 ! sun & ! moon1 & also ! />s10 9 :i* ! ,scripture appe>s to say t ! moon is great] ?an all ! />s2 b z x is evid5t1 f unque/ionable demon/ration1 t ?is is false1 x is n our duty1 says t sa9t1 ob/9ately to def5d ! lit]al s5se ( t passage2 ano!r mean+ mu/ be s\ght1 consi/5t ) ! tru? ( ! fact1 su* z ! foll[+1 8,t ! phrase great light1 z appli$ to ! moon1 d5otes ! greatness ( t lum9>y m]ely z x appe>s 9 our eyes1 & n ! magnitude ( its body consid]$ 9 itself40 ,an opposite mode ( treatm5t1 s f> f procur+ respect to ! ,scripture1 w\ld only expose x to ! contempt ( infidels2 because1 z ,/4 ,augu/9e says1 8:5 !y f\nd t we believ$1 on ! au?ority ( ,scripture1 9 ?+s :i* !y assur$ly knew to be false1 !y w\ld laugh at our cr$ulity ) reg>d to its m recondite tru?s1 su* z ! resurrection ( ! dead & et]nal life40 8,& by ?is means10 adds ,/4 ,?omas1 8we %\ld r5d] our religion contemptible 9 _! eyes1 & %ut up its entrance into _! m9ds40 ,& let me add1 fa!r1 t x w\ld 9 ! same mann] be ! likelie/ means to %ut up ! entrance ( ,scripture into ! m9ds ( h]etics1 & to r5d] ! pope's au?ority contemptible 9 _! eyes1 to refuse all ^? ! "n ( ,ca?olics :o w\ld n believe t c]ta9 words 7 9 a c]ta9 book1 :]e !y are n to be f\nd1 m]ely because a pope by mi/ake has decl>$ t !y are4 ,x is only by exam9+ a book t we c asc]ta9 :at words x conta9s4 ,matt]s ( fact c only be prov$ by ! s5ses4 ,if ! position :i* y ma9ta9 be true1 %[ x1 or else ask no man to believe x--t w\ld be to no purpose4 ,n all ! p[]s on e>? c1 by ! =ce ( au?ority1 p]suade u ( a po9t ( fact1 any m ?an !y c alt] x2 = no?+ c make t to be n :i* really is4 ,x 0 to no purpose1 = example1 t ! monks ( ,ratisbon procur$ f ,pope ,/4 ,leo ,,ix4 a solemn decree1 by :i* he decl>$ t ! body ( ,/4 ,d5is1 ! fir/ bi%op ( ,p>is1 :o is g5]ally held to h be5 ! ,areopagite1 _h be5 transport$ out ( ,france1 & convey$ into ! *apel ( _! mona/]y4 ,x is n ! less true1 = all ?is1 t ! body ( t sa9t always lay1 & lies to ?is h\r1 9 ! celebrat$ abbey :i* be>s 8 "n1 & )9 ! walls ( :i* y w\ld f9d x no easy matt] to obta9 a cordial reception to ?is bull1 al?\gh ! pope has !re9 assur$ u t he has exam9$ ! affair 8) all possible dilig5ce 7dilig5tissim71 & ) ! advice ( _m bi%ops & prelates2 s t he /rictly enjo9s all ! ,fr5* 7di/ricte prcipi5tes7 to own & confess t ^! holy relics are no long] 9 _! c\ntry40 ,! ,fr5*1 h[ev]1 :o knew t fact to be untrue1 by ! evid5ce ( _! own eyes1 & :o1 ^u op5+ ! %r9e1 f\nd all ^? relics entire1 z ! hi/orians ( t p]iod in=m u1 believ$ !n1 z !y h always believ$ s9ce1 ! rev]se ( :at t holy pope _h enjo9$ !m to believe1 well kn[+ t ev5 sa9ts & prophets are liable to be impos$ ^u4 ,x 0 to equally little purpose t y obta9$ aga9/ ,galileo a decree f ,rome1 condemn+ 8 op9ion respect+ ! motion ( ! e>?4 ,x w nev] be prov$ by su* an argum5t z ?is t ! e>? rema9s /ation>y2 & if x c be demon/rat$ by sure obs]vation t x is ! e>? & n ! sun t revolves1 ! ef=ts & argum5ts ( all mank9d put toge!r w n h9d] our planet f revolv+1 nor h9d] !mselves f revolv+ along ) h]4 ,aga91 y mu/ n imag9e t ! lett]s ( ,pope ,za*>y1 excommunicat+ ,/4 ,virgilius = ma9ta9+ ! exi/5ce ( ! antipodes1 h annihilat$ ! ,new ,_w2 nor mu/ y suppose t1 al?\gh he decl>$ t op9ion to be a mo/ dang]\s h]esy1 ! k+ ( ,spa9 0 wrong 9 giv+ m cr$5ce to ,*ri/oph] ,columbus1 :o came f ! place1 ?an to ! judgm5t ( ! pope1 :o _h nev] be5 !re1 or t ! ,*ur* has n d]iv$ a va/ b5efit f ! discov]y1 inasmu* z x has br\ght ! k ( ! ,gospel to a great multitude ( s\ls1 :o might o!rwise h p]i%$ 9 _! infidelity4 ,y see1 !n1 fa!r1 :at is ! nature ( matt]s ( fact1 & on :at pr9ciples !y are to be det]m9$2 f all :i*1 to recur to our subject1 x is easy to conclude1 t if ! five propositions are n 9 ,jans5ius1 x is impossible t !y c h be5 extract$ f him2 & t ! only way to =m a judgm5t on ! matt]1 & to produce univ]sal conviction1 is to exam9e t book 9 a regul> conf]5ce1 z y h be5 desir$ to d long ago4 ,until t be done1 y h no "r to *>ge y\r oppon5ts ) contumacy2 = !y are z blameless 9 reg>d to ! po9t ( fact z !y are ( errors 9 po9t ( fai?--,ca?olics 9 doctr9e1 reasonable 9 fact1 & innoc5t 9 bo?4 ,:o c help feel+ a/oni%m5t1 !n1 fa!r1 to see on ! "o side a v9dication s complete1 & on ! o!r accusations s outrage\s6 ,:o w\ld suppose t ! only "q betwe5 y relates to a s+le fact ( no importance1 :i* ! "o p>ty wi%es ! o!r to believe )\t %[+ x to !m6 ,& :o w\ld ev] imag9e t su* a noise %\ld h be5 made 9 ! ,*ur* = no?+ 7pro nihilo71 z good ,/4 ,b]n>d says6 ,b ?is is j "o ( ! pr9cipal tricks ( y\r policy1 to make p believe t ev]y?+ is at /ake1 :51 9 reality1 !re is no?+ at /ake2 & to repres5t to ^? influ5tial p]sons :o li/5 to y1 t ! mo/ p]nici\s errors ( ,calv91 & ! mo/ vital pr9ciples ( ! fai?1 are involv$ 9 y\r disputes1 ) ! view ( induc+ !m1 "u ?is conviction1 to employ all _! zeal & all _! au?ority aga9/ y\r oppon5ts1 z if ! safety ( ! ,ca?olic religion dep5d$ ^u x2 :]eas1 if !y came to "k t ! :ole dispute 0 ab\t ?is paltry po9t ( fact1 !y w\ld give !mselves no conc]n ab\t x1 b w\ld1 on ! contr>y1 regret extremely t1 to gratify y\r private passions1 !y _h made su* ex]tions 9 an affair ( no consequ5ce to ! ,*ur*4 ,=1 9 f9e1 to take ! wor/ view ( ! matt]1 ev5 ?\gh x %\ld be true t ,jans5ius ma9ta9$ ^! propositions1 :at great mis=tune w\ld accrue f "s p]sons d\bt+ ( ! fact1 provid$ !y dete/$ ! propositions1 z !y h publicly decl>$ t !y d8 ,is x n en\gh t !y are condemn$ by ev]ybody1 )\t exception1 & t1 too1 9 ! s5se 9 :i* y h expla9$ t y wi% !m to be condemn$8 ,w\ld !y be m sev]ely c5sur$ by say+ t ,jans5ius ma9ta9$ !m8 ,:at purpose1 !n1 w\ld be s]v$ by exact+ ?is ackn[l$gm5t1 except t ( disgrac+ a doctor & bi%op1 :o di$ 9 ! communion ( ! ,*ur*8 ,i _c see h[ t %\ld be acc\nt$ s great a bless+ z to des]ve to be pur*as$ at ! exp5se ( s _m di/urbances4 ,:at int]e/ has ! /ate1 or ! pope1 or bi%ops1 or doctors1 or ! ,*ur* at l>ge1 9 ?is conclusion8 ,x does n affect !m 9 any way :atev]1 fa!r2 x c affect none b y\r ,society1 :i* w\ld c]ta9ly enjoy "s pleasure f ! defamation ( an au?or :o has done y "s little injury4 ,mean:ile ev]y?+ is 9 confusion1 because y h made p believe t ev]y?+ is 9 dang]4 ,?is is ! secret spr+ giv+ impulse to all ^? mighty commotions1 :i* w\ld cease imm$iately 7 ! real /ate ( ! controv]sy once kn[n4 ,& !re=e1 z ! peace ( ! ,*ur* dep5d$ on ?is explanation1 x 01 ,i conceive1 ( ! utmo/ importance t x %\ld be giv51 t1 by expos+ all y\r disguises1 x might be manife/ to ! :ole _w t y\r accusations 7 )\t f\ndation1 y\r oppon5ts )\t error1 & ! ,*ur* )\t h]esy4 ,su*1 fa!r1 is ! end :i* x has be5 my desire to accompli%2 an end :i* appe>s to me1 9 e po9t ( view1 s deeply important to religion1 t ,i am at a loss to conceive h[ ^? to :om y furni% s mu* occasion = speak+ c contrive to rema9 9 sil5ce4 ,grant+ t !y are n affect$ ) ! p]sonal wrongs :i* y h committ$ aga9/ !m1 ^? :i* ! ,*ur* suff]s ought1 9 my op9ion1 to h =c$ !m to compla94 ,besides1 ,i am n altoge!r sure if ecclesia/ics ought to make a sacrifice ( _! reputation to calumny1 especially 9 ! matt] ( religion4 ,!y all[ y1 nev]!less1 to say :atev] y please2 s t1 _h x n be5 = ! opportunity :i*1 by m]e accid5t1 y af=d$ me ( tak+ _! "p1 ! sc&al\s impressions :i* y are circulat+ aga9/ !m 9 all qu>t]s w\ld1 9 all probability1 h gone =? )\t contradiction4 ,_! pati5ce1 ,i confess1 a/oni%es me2 & ! m s1 t ,i _c suspect x ( proce$+ ei!r f timidity or f incapacity1 be+ well assur$ t !y want nei!r argum5ts = _! own v9dication1 nor zeal = ! tru?4 ,& yet ,i see !m religi\sly b5t on sil5ce1 to a degree :i* appe>s to me altoge!r unju/ifiable4 ,= my "p1 fa!r1 ,i d n believe t ,i c possibly foll[ _! example4 ,leave ! ,*ur* 9 peace1 & ,i %all leave y z y are1 ) all my he>t2 b s long z y make x y\r sole bus9ess to keep h] 9 confusion1 d\bt n b t !re %all always be f\nd )9 h] bosom *ildr5 ( peace1 :o w consid] !mselves b\nd to employ all _! endeavors to pres]ve h] tranquillity4 ----- ,footnote #cch3 ,decrees ( ! pope4 ,footnote #cci3 ,! papal con/itution =m]ly ref]r$ to4 ,footnote #cdj3 ,! ,c\ncil ( ,tr5t is meant1 :5 ,pascal speaks ( ! c\ncil1 )\t any o!r specification4 ,footnote #cda3 ,! read] may well be at a loss to see ! diff]5ce betwe5 ?is & ! ,re=m$ doctr9e4 ,"s explanations w be f\nd 9 ! ,hi/orical ,introduction4 ,footnote #cdb3 ,?is s5tim5t 0 falsely ascrib$ to ,lu!r by ! ,c\ncil4 7,leydeck1 ,de ,dogm4 ,jan4 #bge47 ,footnote #cdc3 ,diego 7or ,didacus7 ,alv>ez 0 "o ( ! mo/ celebrat$ !ologians ( ! ord] ( ,/4 ,dom9ick2 he fl\ri%$ 9 ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies1 & di$ 9 #afce4 ,he 0 br\ght f ,spa9 to ,rome1 to advocate !re1 along ) ,fa!r ,?omas ,lemos ! cause ( ! grace ( ,jesus ,*ri/1 :i* ! ,jesuit ,mol9a weak5$1 & inde$ annihilat$4 ,he %one greatly 9 ! fam\s ,congregation de ,auxiliis4 7,nicole's ,note47 ,footnote #cdd3 ,8 ,treatise passim1 & p>ticul>ly tom4 #c1 l4 #h1 c4 #bj4 ,footnote #cde3 8,x may be prop] "h to give an explanation ( ! hatr$ ( ! ,jesuits aga9/ ,jans5ius4 ,:5 ! ,augu/9us ( t au?or 0 pr9t$ 9 #afdj1 ,lib]tus ,fromond1 ! celebrat$ pr(essor ( ,l\va91 resolv$ to ins]t 9 ! end ( ! book ( 8 fri5d1 :o _h di$ two ye>s be=e1 a p>allel betwe5 ! doctr9e ( ! ,jesuits on grace1 & ! errors ( ! ,m>seillois or demi-,pelagians4 ,?is 0 q en\gh to raise ! rancor ( ! ,jesuits aga9/ ,jans5ius :om !y errone\sly suppos$ 0 ! au?or ( t p>allel4 ,& z ^! fa!rs h long s9ce eras$ f _! code ( morals ! duty ( ! =giv5ess ( injuries1 !y comm5c$ _! campaign aga9/ ! book ( ,jans5ius 9 ! ,l[ ,c\ntries1 by a l>ge volume ( ,!ological ,!ses 79 folio1 #afda71 :i* are v s+ul> productions40 7,note by ,nicole47 ,footnote #cdf3 ,on ! ,book ( ,job1 lib4 viii41 cap4 #a4 ,footnote #cdg3 ,surprise is ! ^w us$ to d5ote ! case ( ! pope :5 tak5 at unaw>es or deceiv$ by false acc\nts4 ,footnote #cdh3 ,lib4 i41 9 ,dial4 ,footnote #cdi3 ,de ,consid4 lib4 ii41 c4 ult4 ,footnote #cej3 ,alas6 alas6 ,footnote #cea3 ,i4 p4 q4 #fh1 a4 l4 ,,lett] ,,xix4 ,,fragm5t ,,( ,a ,,n9ete5? ,,prov9cial ,,lett]1 ,,address$ ,,to ,,p]e ,,annat4 ,,rev]5d ,,sir1--,if ,i h caus$ y "s dissatisfaction1 9 =m] ,lett]s1 by my endeavors to e/abli% ! innoc5ce ( ^? :om y 7 labor+ to asp]se1 ,i %all af=d y pleasure 9 ! pres5t1 by mak+ y acqua9t$ ) ! suff]+s :i* y h inflict$ ^u !m4 ,be com=t$1 my good fa!r1 ! objects ( y\r enmity are 9 di/ress6 ,& if ! ,rev]5d ! ,bi%ops %\ld be induc$ to c>ry out1 9 _! respective dioceses1 ! advice y h giv5 !m1 to cause to be subscrib$ & sworn a c]ta9 matt] ( fact1 :i* is1 9 itself1 n cr$ible1 & :i* x _c be obligatory ^u any "o to believe--y w inde$ succe$ 9 plung+ y\r oppon5ts to ! dep? ( sorr[1 at witness+ ! ,*ur* br\ght into s abject a condition4 ,yes1 sir1 ,i h se5 !m2 & x 0 ) a satisfaction inexpressible6 ,i h se5 ^! holy m52 & ?is 0 ! attitude 9 :i* !y 7 f\nd4 ,!y 7 n wrapt up 9 a philosophic magnanimity2 !y did n affect to exhibit t indiscrim9ate firmness :i* urges implicit ob$i5ce to e mom5t>y impulsive duty2 nor yet 7 !y 9 a frame ( weakness & timidity1 :i* w\ld prev5t !m f ei!r disc]n+ ! tru?1 or foll[+ x :5 disc]n$4 ,b ,i f\nd !m ) m9ds pi\s1 compos$1 & un%ak52 impress$ ) a meek def]5ce = ecclesia/ical au?ority2 ) t5d]ness ( _s1 zeal = tru?1 & a desire to asc]ta9 & obey h] dictates3 fill$ ) a salut>y suspicion ( !mselves1 di/ru/+ _! own infirmity1 & regrett+ t x %\ld be ?us expos$ to trial yet )al1 su/a9$ by a mode/ hope t _! ,"l w deign to in/ruct !m by 8 illum9ations1 & su/a9 !m by 8 p[]2 & believ+1 t t peace ( _! ,savi\r1 ^: sacr$ influ5ces x is _! endeavor to ma9ta91 & = ^: cause !y are br\ght into suff]+1 w be1 at once1 _! guide & _! support6 ,i h1 9 f9e1 se5 !m ma9ta9+ a "* ( ,*ri/ian piety1 ^: p[]4444 99 99 99 99 99 ,i f\nd !m surr\nd$ by _! fri5ds1 :o _h ha/5$ to imp>t ^? c\nsels :i* !y deem$ ! mo/ fitt+ 9 _! pres5t exig5cy4 ,i h he>d ^? c\nsels2 ,i h obs]v$ ! mann] 9 :i* !y 7 receiv$1 & ! answ]s giv53 & truly1 my fa!r1 _h y y\rself be5 pres5t1 ,i ?9k y w\ld h ackn[l$g$ t1 9 _! :ole proc$ure1 !re 0 ! entire abs5ce ( a _s ( insubord9ation & s*ism2 & t _! only desire & aim 01 to pres]ve inviolate two ?+s--to !m inf9itely preci\s--peace & tru?4 ,=1 aft] due repres5tations _h be5 made to !m ( ! p5alties !y w\ld draw ^u !mselves by _! refusal to sign ! ,con/itution1 & ! sc&al x might cause 9 ! ,*ur*1 _! reply 04444 99 99 99 99 99 ,,! ,,end ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,c>t]s' ,,catalogue4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,removal4 ,rob]t ,c>t] ,bro!rs h remov$ f ,no4 #bhe1 to ,no4 #ecj ,broadway1 corn] ( ,spr+-/reet4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- #ecj ,broadway1 ,new ,york1 ,augu/1 #ahef4 ,,rob]t ,,c>t] ,,bro!rs' ,new ,publications4 ------------------------------------ ,! ,gospel 9 ,ezekiel1 ,by ,?omas ,gu?rie1 ,d4,d4 #abmo4 #a #jj4 ,typical ,=ms & ,special ,ends 9 ,creation4 ,by ,james ,mc,cosh1 ,,ll4,d41 & ,dr4 ,dickie4 #hvo4 #b #jj4 8,^? :o h read ,mc,cosh's great "w on ! ,div9e ,gov]nm5t1 w n wait = any favorable te/imony to any ?+ t comes f 8 p51 b w reg>d 8 "n on ! title-page z a suffici5t v\*] = all t is to foll[4 ,! pres5t "w fulfills any expectations1 ev5 ! highe/1 t c\ld h be5 awak5$ by ! prec$+ "o4 ,x is alike compreh5sive 9 its range1 accurate & m9ute 9 its details1 orig9al 9 its /ructure1 & dev\t & spirit$ 9 its tone & t5d5cy4 ,x illu/rates & c>ries out ! great pr9ciple ( analogy 9 ! ,div9e plans & works1 f> m m9utely & satisfactorily ?an x has be5 done be=e2 & :ile x pres5ts ! results ( ! mo/ pr(\nd sci5tific rese>*1 x pres5ts !m 9 _! high] & spiritual relations40--,argus4 ,dr4 ,williams's ,s]mon on ,missions4 #ahmo1 clo?1 gilt edge4 #be c5ts4 ,dr4 ,rice's ,s]mon on ,prea*+4 #ahmo1 clo?1 gilt edge4 #be c5ts4 ,caird's ,s]mon be=e ! ,que54 #ahmo1 clo?1 gilt edge4 #be c5ts4 ,! ,!ology ( ,inv5tions2 or1 ,manife/ations ( ,deity 9 ! works ( ,art4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,john ,blakely4 #abmo4 #ge c5ts4 ,emblems f ,ed54 ,by ,james ,hamilton1 ,d4,d4 #ahmo4 #cj c5ts4 ,! ,*ri/ian's ,great ,int]e/4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,william ,gu?rie1 ) ,introd4 by ,dr4 ,*alm]s4 #ej cts4 ,ev5+ ,inc5se4 ,by ! au?or ( ! 8,morn+ & ,night ,wat*es40 #dj c5ts4 ,lectures to ,"y ,m5 ,deliv]$1 9 ,london = #ahef4 #a #jj4 ,ev5+s ) ! ,romani/s4 ,by ,rev4 ,hob>t ,seym\r4 #abmo4 #a #jj4 ,dr4 ,sprague's great "w4 ,! ,annals ( ! ,am]ican ,pulpit4 ,by ,w4 ,b4 ,sprague1 ,d4,d4 ,vols4 #a & #b1 ,,congregationali/s4 #hvo4 ,! fir/ volume comm5ces ) ,john ,rob9son1 ! fir/ ,new ,engl& ,pa/or1 & ext5ds to #aggj2 & ! second volume f ?is p]iod to ! close ( #ahee4 ,^! volumes conta9 sket*es ( ab\t ?ree hundr$ ,congregational m9i/]s1 includ+ e "o :o has be5 consid]ably di/+ui%$1 ) contributions by a l>ge proportion ( ! mo/ prom95t cl]gym5 ( diff]5t d5om9ations1 z well z f _m ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ /atesm5 n[ on ! /age4 ,9 all cases 9 :i* !re is any p]son liv+ to te/ify conc]n+ ! "*1 !re are orig9al lett]s ( p]sonal recollection2 & 9 all o!r cases ! au?or has appropriat$ :at has be5 writt5 & publi%$ by ! cotempor>ies ( ! subjects :o c\ld speak f actual k4 ,^! volumes conta9 ! mo/ complete1 z well z mo/ int]e/+ hi/ory ( ?is bran* ( ! ,*ri/ian ,*ur* t has yet be5 publi%$4 ,! ,p[]1 ,wisdom1 & ,goodness ( ,god1 z manife/$ 9 ! ,con/itution ( ! ,human ,s\l1 ,a ,c\rse ( ,lectures by ,r4 ,s4 ,/orrs1 ,d4,d4 #hvo4 ,africa's ,m\nta9 ,valley4 ,by ! au?or ( 8,m9i/]+ ,*ildr540 #afmo4 #fj c5ts4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,philosoph]4 ,by ,?omas ,dick1 ,d4,d4 ,re-writt5 & enl>g$1 ) #agj illu/rations4 ,trade & ,lett]s4 ,?ree ,lectures by ,w4 ,a4 ,scott1 ,d4,d4 #afmo4 ,lee on ! ,inspiration ( ,holy ,scripture4 #hvo4 ,essays2 ,!ological & ,miscellane\s4 ,by ,*>les ,hodge1 ,d4,d4 #hvo4 ,sacr$ ,classics4 ,a s]ies ( ! *oice/ productions ( ! great ,div9es ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 su* z ,j]emy ,taylor1 ,bates1 ,bev]idge1 ,bi%op ,hall1 ,butl]1 ,h[e1 ,baxt]1 ,leighton1 & o!rs4 ,! volumes w be 9 neat #abmo =m1 l>ge type1 & uni=mly b\nd 9 clo?4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,new ,,juv5ile ,,books4 ,edw>d ,clif=d2 or1 ,memories ( ,*ildhood1 ,) six illu/rations4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,f ! fir/ page to ! la/1 we read ?is beautiful & impressive /ory ) increas+ int]e/1 & d n hesitate to comm5d x to e family & ,sunday-s*ool libr>y 9 our l&4 ,x be>s int]nal evid5ce ( be+ ! "w ( a f9i%$ writ]1 :o1 end[$ ) a s5sitive temp]am5t1 & b]eft 9 e>ly infancy ( a de> "m's t5d] sympa?ies & c>e1 felt deeply ! cold indiff]5ce ( ^? :o c\ld n appreciate ! *ords ( a m9d s delicately /rung40--,*ri/ian ,obs]v]4 ,tales ( ,sw$5 & ! ,norsem54 ,illu/rat$4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 ,^! sket*es int]e/ ! m9d ) hi/oric tru? made w9n+ & lively by a /yle ( beautiful simplicity4 ,tales f ,engli% ,hi/ory4 ,by ! same4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,prep>$ = "y read]s1 & admirably done4 ,9 simple1 yet appropriate /yle1 "s ( ! m prom95t & romantic episodes are detail$1 9 a way at once to convey valuable in=mation1 & to excite a desire = fur!r acqua9tance ) hi/ory4 ,:5 tru? is s attractive1 & !re is s mu* ( x1 !re is b little ne$ to resort to fiction = ! in/ruction ( ! "y40--,evangeli/4 ,tales f ,travel]s4 ,by ,m>ia ,hack4 ,illu/rat$4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,! cont5ts ( ?is volume w prove m attractive to +5u\s y\? ?an /ories ( giants & ca/les1 & m wond]ful ?an fiction40--,obs]v]4 ,! ,adopt$ ,son1 & o!r ,tales4 ,by ! au?or ( ! 8,cl>emont ,tales40 #ahmo4 #ej c5ts4 ,aunt ,edi?2 or1 ,love to ,god ! ,be/ ,motive4 ,by ! au?or ( 8,flor5ce ,eg]ton40 #ahmo4 #ej c5ts4 ,new ,editions1 9 *eap] =m1 ( ,,flor5ce ,,eg]ton4 #ahmo4 #ej cts4 ,,emily ,,v]non4 0 #ej 0 ,,jeanie ,,morrison4 0 #ej 0 ,,kate ,,kilborn4 ,by ! same au?or4 #ahmo4 #ej 0 ,,s\!rn ,,cross ,,& ,,s\!rn ,,cr[n4 0 #ej 0 ,,contributions ,,( ,q4 ,q4 ,,by ,,jane ,,taylor4 #ahmo4 #ej 0 ,,abeokutta4 ,,by ,,miss ,,tuck]4 0 #ej 0 ,,may ,,dundas4 ,,by ,,mrs4 ,,geld>t4 0 #ej 0 ,,fritz ,,h>old2 ,,or1 ,,! ,,temptation4 0 #dj 0 ,,a%ton ,,cottage1 ,a ,,tale4 0 #dj 0 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,expository ,,works4 ,dr4 ,hodge's ,comm5t>y on ,ephesians4 #hvo4 #b #jj4 8,?is is a "w = ! m9i/]1 = biblical s*ol>s1 & = all :o c appreciate ! mature results ( ?or\gh /udy & sacr$ le>n+ 9 ! lucid exposition ( a v int]e/+ portion ( ! ,^w ( ,god4 ,x is n a ha/y production1 b an elaborate comm5t>y1 giv+ 9 a cond5s$ /yle1 ) great cle>ness1 ! precise mean+ ( e passage 9 ?is ri* ,epi/le1 exhibit+1 z und]/ood by ! au?or1 ! gl[+ ?\ghts t w>m$ & k9dl$ ! affections ( ! inspir$ ,apo/le :ile compos+ x40--,*n4 ,obs]v]4 ,dr4 ,jacobus's ,notes on ! ,gospel ( ,john4 #abmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,! ,au?or1 by 8 le>n+1 ta/e1 & skill1 is em95tly qualifi$ = ! responsible "w ( an annotator on ! ,holy ,scriptures4 ,9 8 ,notes1 he comb9es ! m>r[ & fatness ( _m comm5tators ) 8 own ideas1 & associates 8 comm5ts ) a ,h>mony ( ! ,gospels1 9 a v impressive mann]40--,zion's ,h]ald4 ,?is volume completes ,dr4 ,jacobus's ,comm5t>y on ! ,gospels--,vol4 ,i4 be+ ,mat!w--,vol4 ,,ii41 ,m>k & ,luke--,vol4 ,,iii41 ,john4 ,! volumes are all uni=m1 price #b #be = ! set4 ,dr4 ,moore on ,haggai1 ,ze*>iah & ,mala*i4 #hvo4 #b #jj4 8,?is volume we reg>d z a sub/antial & highly valuable contribution to ! biblical lit]ature ( ! c\ntry4 ,! prophecies :i* =m ! subject ( x1 are ! m int]e/+ f ! fact t !y 7 ! la/ :i* 7 deliv]$ previ\s to ! ,messiah's adv5t4 ,! "w is n s critical z to be above ! popul> m9d1 :ile yet x %[s a famili> acqua9tance ) ! rules ( ,scripture int]pretation1 & is evid5tly ! production ( a m9d at once well balanc$ & tra9$ to ?or\gh rese>*40--,argus4 99 ,dr4 ,sampson on ! ,greek ,text ( ! ,hebrews4 #hvo4 #b #ej4 8,?is is an em95tly le>n$ "w1 & is design$ especially to aid 9 a critical inve/igation ( ?is portion ( ,scripture1 :ile yet !re is no o/5tati\s display ( erudition1 nor any ?+ t approa*es an affectation ( orig9ality4 ,! introduction is at once cle>1 concise1 & compreh5sive4 ,9 ! body ( ! "w1 ! au?or gives u r ! results ( 8 inquiries ?an ! processes by :i* he arriv$ at !m4 ,8 analyses %[ mu* pati5t labor1 z well z accurate discrim9ation40--,puritan ,record]4 99 ,ow5 on ,hebrews4 #h vols4 #hvo4 #ab #jj4 8,few & f> betwe51 & among ! ri*e/ gifts ( ,god to man1 are su* great & good !ologians z ,john ,ow54 99 99 99 ,x is m5tion$ z a matt] ( ?ankfulness t ,dr4 ,ow5 0 l$ to conc5trate all 8 r>e end[m5ts & va/ res\rces on ! exposition ( ! ,epi/le to ! ,hebrews40--,n4 ,y4 ,obs]v]4 99 ,dr4 ,eadie on ,colossians4 #hvo4 #b #jj4 8,a "w ( great le>n+ & skill1 p]vad$ ) a truly ,*ri/ian _s40--,evangeli/4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,comm5t>ies ,,on ,,! ,,bible4 99 ,pool's ,annotations4 ,new edition1 on l>g] pap]1 #c vols4 royal #hvo4 ,%eep4 #aj #jj4 8,( ! g5]al "* ( ?is "w1 x is suffici5t to say t x br+s out 9 a felicit\s & concise mann] ! mean+ ( ! text1 )\t connect+ ) x any ext5d$ practical rem>ks4 ,x conta9s n only ! :ole ( ! sacr$ text1 z _m comm5t>ies ( t day did n1 v>i\s read+s also1 toge!r ) p>allel passages2 & ?\gh x nev] transc5ds ! capacity ( an ord9>y ,engli% read]1 yet x evid5tly comes f a ri* /ore-h\se ( biblical le>n+4 ,x disposes ( difficult passages1 n by ga!r+ all ! op9ions t h be5 put =? conc]n+ !m1 b by /at+ ! writ]'s own mature judgm5t1 ) ! gr\nds on :i* x has be5 =m$4 ,! notes are g5]ally brief1 cond5s$1 p]spicu\s1 & easily rememb]$40--,puritan ,record]4 99 ,h5ry's ,comm5t>y4 #e vols4 qu>to4 ,%eep4 #ae #jj4 8,x is becom+ m & m ! /&>d comm5t>y ( ! ,*ur*4 ,*ri/ians ( all d5om9ations1 & ( all grades ( intellectual atta9m5t1 f9d x _! refre%m5t1 _! food1 & _! pleasure to p]use x /eadily1 & 9 s do+ !y c reap a great rew>d4 ,we knew1 "s ye>s ago1 a lady 9 humble life1 m ?an sixty ye>s ( age1 :o borr[$ ! folio edition ( ,h5ry's ,comm5t>y1 & keep+ x always op5 on h] b$1 0 accu/om$ to run to x :5ev] a s+le mom5t ( leisure (f]$ itself2 s t1 by pati5t cont9uance 9 well-do+1 ev5 at t late p]iod ( life1 %e travel$ ?r\gh ! successive volumes1 to h] own great spiritual & intellectual improvem5t2 & 9 h] late/ h\rs1 :5 on h] dy+ b$1 %e express$ h] gratitude = ! opportunity :i* %e _h ?us enjoy$ ( becom+ bett] acqua9t$ ?an ev] be=e ) ! mean+ ( ,god's ,holy ,^w40--,obs]v]4 99 ,doddridge's ,expositor4 ,! ,family ,expositor2 or1 a ,p>aphrase & ,v]sion ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ) ,critical ,notes & a ,practical ,improvem5t ( ,ea* ,section1 by ,philip ,doddridge1 ,d4,d4 ,royal octavo4 ,! late ,bi%op ( ,durham 7,dr4 ,b>r+ton71 9 address+ 8 cl]gy on ! *oice ( books1 says3 8,9 read+ ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ,i recomm5d ,doddridge's ,family ,expositor1 z an imp>tial ,,int]pret] ,,& ,,fai?ful monitor4 ,o!r ,expositions might be m5tion$1 greatly to ! honor ( _! respective au?ors1 = _! sev]al excell5ces2 su* z1 elegance ( exposition1 acut5ess ( illu/ration1 & copi\sness ( erudition2 b ,i "k ( no ,expositor :o unites s _m advantages z ,doddridge2 :e!r y reg>d ! fidelity ( 8 v]sion1 ! fullness & p]spicuity ( 8 composition1 ! utility ( 8 g5]al & hi/orical in=mation1 ! imp>tiality ( 8 doctr9al comm5ts1 or1 la/ly1 ! piety & pa/oral e>ne/ness ( 8 moral & religi\s applications4 ,he has made1 z he pr(esses to h done1 ample use ( ! comm5tators t prec$$ him2 & 9 ! explanation ( grammatical difficulties1 he has pr(it$ mu* m f ! philological writ]s on ! ,greek ,te/am5t ?an c\ld almo/ h be5 expect$ 9 s multif>i\s an und]tak+ z ! ,family ,expositor4 ,inde$ = all ! mo/ valuable purposes ( a ,comm5t>y on ! ,new ,te/am5t1 ! ,family ,expositor c n fall too e>ly into ! h&s ( ^? int5d$ = holy ord]s40 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,new ,,religi\s ,,biographies4 ,dr4 ,*eev]'s ,life ( ,c[p]4 #abmo4 ,illu/rat$4 #a #jj4 8,! au?or ( ?is "w c\ld sc>cely h select$ a subject bett] adapt$ to 8 own peculi> g5ius1 ?an ?is :i* he has "h *os54 ,he has treat$ x at once philosophically1 practically1 & spiritually2 has ev9c$ a pr(\nd insight into ! my/]ies ( human nature1 ! nice/ discrim9ation 9 respect bo? to intellectual & moral qualities1 & a deep sympa?y ) ! sublimity & t5d]ness1 ! joys1 & griefs1 & hopes ( ! exalt$ "* he commemorates40--,puritan ,record]4 99 ,memoirs ( ,john ,m4 ,mason1 ,d4,d4 ,by ,dr4 ,van ,ve*t54 #hvo4 #b #jj4 8,?is delightful memoir ( a great capta9 9 ,israel w be hail$ z a valuable addition to ! religi\s biography ( our c\ntry4 ,! lit]>y execution ( ! "w is equally cr$itable to ! tal5ts & ta/e ( ! au?or1 & ! mo/ ard5t admir]s ( ,dr4 ,mason w admit t :ile a _s ( fulsome eulogy is avoid$1 !re is ample ju/ice done to ! memory ( a great & a good man40--,pbn4 ,bann]4 ,memoirs ( ,john ,kitto1 ,d4,d4 ,au?or ( 8,daily ,bible ,illu/rations10 etc4 #b vols4 #abmo4 #b #jj4 8,we h r>ely he>d ( a m rem>kable in/ance ( ! triumph ( tal5t & en]gy ov] circum/ances ! mo/ adv]se4 ,he began life /ruggl+ ) ! evils ( pov]ty1 & ! baleful influ5ce ( an intemp]ate fa!r4 ,a dang]\s fall f a ladd]1 :5 he 0 a mason's boy1 r5d]$ him hopelessly deaf4 ,be+ consid]$ unable to support himself1 he 0 put into ! workh\se2 & aft] a s]ies ( vicissitudes :i* w\ld h ov]:elm$ an ord9>y boy--at "o "t work+ z a %oemak]1 at ano!r z a b>b]'s appr5tice1 & by v>i\s %ifts manag+ to toil along 8 rugg$ pa?way--he at l5g?1 ?r\gh a k9d ,provid5ce1 /ruck ! highway on :i* he aft]w>ds travel$ successfully to di/9ction & usefulness40--,presbyt]ian4 ,memoirs ( ,capt4 ,vic>s ( ! #ig? ,regim5t4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,! subject ( ^! memoirs1 0 g5]\s & noble 9 8 natural disposition1 9 all 8 int]c\rse ) 8 fell[s4 ,z a soldi] he 0 brave1 & z an (fic] skillful & prompt2 b all ^! ?+s 7 eclips$ by ! ardor & devot$ness ( 8 piety4 ,among ! soldi]s 9 ! ,crimea he sp5t 8 leisure h\rs1 9 m9i/]+ spiritual consolation to ! sick & dy+ 9 ! hospital4 ,9 ! lives ( mission>ies :i* we h read1 none h prov$ by _! works a bett] "r to be call$ a mission>y ?an he40--,witness4 ,! ,victory ,won4 ,by ! ,au?or ( 8,capta9 ,vic>s10 #ahmo4 #be c5ts4 ,memoirs ( ,adelaide ,leap] ,newton4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,john ,baillie4 #ge c5ts4 8,?is is c]ta9ly a r>e specim5 ( female biography4 ,! subject ( x 0 among ! mo/ gift$ & cultivat$ ( h] sex4 ,! ,^w ( ,god 0 n only ! light1 b ! food ( h] s\l2 & ! enjoym5ts ( heav5 seem to h be5 9 no small degree v\*saf$ to h] be=e %e left ! _w40--,puritan ,record]4 ,! ,m>tyr ( ,sumatra4 ,a ,memoir ( ,h5ry ,lyman4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,bick]/e?1 ,rev4 ,edw>d4 99 ,complete ,works4 #af vols4 #aj #jj4 ,exposition ( ! ,epi/les ( ,john & ,jude4 #fj c5ts4 ,,b9ney1 ,rev4 ,?omas4 ,is x possible to make ! ,be/ ( ,bo? ,worlds8 #fj cts4 ,,bridges1 ,rev4 ,*>les4 ,a ,manual = ! ,"y4 #afmo4 #ej c5ts4 ,,*>t ,( ! ,sacr$ ,hi/ory ( ! ,_w4 #a #ej4 ,,da ,,co/a1 ,dr4 ,isaac4 ,israel & ! ,g5tiles4 #abmo4 #a #be4 ,! ,f\r ,witnesses4 #b #jj4 ,,flet*]1 ,rev4 ,alex&]4 ,addresses to ! ,"y4 #afmo4 #fj c5ts4 ,,hewitson1 ,rev4 ,w4 ,h4 ,lett]s & ,rema9s4 #b vols4 #b #jj4 ,,h[els1 ,rev4 ,william4 ,rema9s & ,extracts f ,s]mons4 #ge c5ts4 ,,lectures ,,to ,,"y ,,m54 ,deliv]$ 9 ,london4 ,s]ies ( #ahed-e-f4 ,ea* #a #jj4 ,,ryle1 ,rev4 ,j4 ,c4 ,expository ,?\ghts on ! ,gospels2 = ,family & ,private ,use4 #abmo4 ,,smi?1 ,rev4 ,john ,pye4 99 ,scripture ,te/imony to ! ,messiah4 #b vols41 #hvo4 #e #jj4 99 ,,self-,,explanatory ,,ref]5ce ,,bible4 #hvo4 ,half-calf1 #d #ej2 ,turkey morocco1 #f #jj4 ,,swete1 ,rev4 ,john4 ,family ,pray]s4 #afmo4 #fj c5ts4 ,,village ,,*ur*y>d4 #dj c5ts4 ,,village ,,pa/or4 #dj c5ts4 ,,village ,,obs]v]4 #cj c5ts4 ,,words ,,to ,,w9 ,,s\ls4 #ge c5ts4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,fireside ,,libr>y4 ,,fir/ ,,s]ies4 #ej c5ts p] volume4 ,,adopt$ ,,son4 ,,aunt ,,edi?4 ,,ballantyne',s ,,mabel ,,grant4 ,,blossoms ,,( ,,*ildhood4 ,,brett',s ,,indian ,,tribes4 ,,bro!r ,,& ,,si/]4 ,,bunyan',s ,,pilgrim',s ,,progress4 ,,cl>a ,,/anley4 ,,cl>emont ,,tales4 ,,drummond',s ,,emily ,,r5on4 ,,duncan',s ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,manse4 ,,duncan',s ,,scotti% ,,peasantry4 ,,f> ,,(f4 ,,flor5ce ,,eg]ton4 ,,geld>t',s ,,may ,,dundas4 ,,hamilton',s ,,happy ,,home4 ,,infant',s ,,progress4 ,,jamie ,,gordon4 ,,jeanie ,,morrison4 ,,kate ,,kilborn4 ,,l\is ,,& ,,frank4 ,,mackay',s ,,fam4 ,,hea!rdale4 ,m#8,,cr9dell',s ,,conv5t4 ,,my ,,s*ool ,,day',s ,,& ,,compan4 ,,ne> ,,home4 ,,osborne',s ,,_w ,,( ,,wat]s4 ,,pollok',s ,,tales ,,( ,,cov5ant4 ,,sig\rney',s ,,olive ,,leaves4 ,,sig\rney',s ,,lett]s ,,to ,,pupils4 ,,s9clair',s ,,holiday ,,h\se4 ,,taylor',s ,,contrib4 ,,( ,q4 ,q4 ,,tuck]',s ,,abbeokuta4 ,,tuck]',s ,,ra9b[ ,,9 ,,nor?4 ,,tuck]',s ,,s\!rn ,,cross4 ,,week1 ,,!4 ,,william ,,wilb]=ce4 ,,woodcutt] ,,& ,,exiles4 ,,second ,,s]ies4 #dj c5ts p] volume4 ,,a%ton ,,cottage4 ,,*>les ,,r\ssell4 ,,comm&m5t ,,) ,,promise4 ,,duncan',s ,,cottage ,,fireside4 ,,frank ,,ne!rton4 ,,fritz ,,h>old4 ,,johnson',s ,,rasselas4 ,,mi*ael ,,kemp4 ,,opie ,,on ,,ly+4 ,,ri*mond',s ,,annals ,,( ,,poor4 ,,sig\rney',s ,,boy',s ,,book4 ,,sig\rney',s ,,girl',s ,,book4 ,,taylor',s ,,orig9al ,,poems4 ,,?ird ,,s]ies4 #cj c5ts p] volume4 ,,cam]on',s ,,f>m4 ,,daught]4 ,,frank ,,h>rison4 ,,great ,,j\rney4 ,,k5n$y',s ,,anna ,,ross4 ,,k5n$y',s ,,pr(4 ,,n ,,pr9ciple4 ,,k5n$y',s ,,fa!r ,,clem5t4 ,,k5n$y',s ,,philip ,,colville4 ,,my ,,s*ool-,,boy ,,days4 ,,my ,,y\?ful ,,companions4 ,,s9clair',s ,,*>lie ,,seym\r4 ,,/ories ,,on ,,"l',s ,,pray]4 ,,?ree ,,mon?s ,,"u ,,sn[4 ,,taylor',s ,,display4 ,a ,tale4 ,,f\r? ,,s]ies4 #be c5ts p] volume4 ,,au/ralia1 ,,loss ,,( ,,!4 ,,bunb]y',s ,,glory1 ,,glory4 ,,colli]',s ,,tale4 ,,fisk',s ,,orphan ,,tale4 ,,k5n$y',s ,,decision4 ,,k5n$y',s ,,jessy ,,allan4 ,,pa/or',s ,,family4 ,,pollok',s ,,hel5 ,,( ,,gl54 ,,pollok',s ,,p]secut$ ,,family4 ,,pollok',s ,,ralph ,,gunmel4 ,,true ,,h]oism4 ,,walt] ,,b9n+4 ,,w+s ,,& ,,/+s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,juv5ile ,,libr>y4 ,squ>e1 #ej c5ts ea*4 ,,clev] ,,/ories4 ,,little ,,lessons4 ,,rhymes ,,= ,,! ,,nurs]y4 ,,mamma',s ,,bible ,,/ories4 ,,sequel ,,to ,,bible ,,/ories4 ,,hundr$ ,,%ort ,,tales4 ,,t5d] ,,grass4 ,,call ,,to ,,! ,,lambs4 ,,fanny ,,& ,,h] ,,mamma4 ,,*ild',s ,,own ,,/ory-,,book4 ,,lim$ ,,twigs4 ,,new ,,cobwebs4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,annie',s ,,fir/ ,,book4 #ce c5ts4 ,,annie',s ,,second ,,book4 #dj c5ts4 ,,duty ,,is ,,safety4 #be c5ts4 ,,jack ,,! ,,sailor ,,boy4 #be c5ts4 ,,?9k ,,be=e ,,y ,,act4 #be cts4 ,,hymns ,,= ,,infant ,,m9ds4 #dj cts4 ,,v ,,little ,,tales4 #b vols4 #ge cts4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,c>t]s' ,,publications4 ,! ,ri* ,k9sman4 ,! ,hi/ory ( ,ru? ! ,moabitess1 by ,/eph5 ,h4 ,tyng1 ,d4,d4 #afmo4 #a4 8,! au?or pres5ts ?is "w 9 ! hope t x w be f\nd adapt$ to enlight5 ! m9ds ( ! "y 9 "s ( ! great subjects ( ,scriptural in/ruction4444 ,! au?or has be5 long impress$ ) ! feel+ t nei!r comm5t>ies nor s]mons h yet made t simple & practical use ( ! fullness ( ,scripture tru? = :i* x is adapt$--p]haps he might say = :i* x is design$4 ,! "y m9d c]ta9ly c be int]e/$ 9 ! ^w ( ,god1 z a book full ( attraction z well z full ( tru?4 ,:oev] c be made 9 any degree ! in/rum5t ( lead+ to ?is result1 by br++ out to view ! real attractions ( ,scripture1 conf]s s f> an invaluable b5efit ^u o!rs40--,extract f ! ,preface4 ,! ,tru? & ,life4 ,a ,,s]ies ,,( ,,disc\rses4 ,by ,bi%op ,mc,ilvaine1 ( ,ohio4 #hvo4 #b4 8,we h seldom met ) a m admirable volume ( ,s]mons ?an ! "o n[ ly+ be=e u4 99 99 99 ,! subjects are v>i$1 b 9 all !re is ! same cle>ness1 & fullness ( ,gospel tru?4 99 99 99 ,we c assure our read]s t !re is a fre%ness & p[] p]vad+ ! "w1 :i* is mo/ delightful to f9d 9 ?is age ( flimsy s5tim5t & ideali/ic ab/ractions40--,bann]4 ,! ,sa9ts' ,ev]la/+ ,re/4 ,by ,ri*>d ,baxt]4 ,! ,,only ,,complete ,,edition ev] publi%$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"o volume royal #hvo4 #b4 8,!re are no religi\s works :i* h _h1 next to ,john ,bunyan's 8,pilgrim's ,progress10 s ext5sive1 increas+1 & cont9u$ circulation1 z ^? ( ,ri*>d ,baxt]4 #8,! ,sa9ts' ,re/' is em95tly a favorite ) ,*ri/ians1 & has be5 ri*ly bless$4 ,! volume 9 g5]al use is an abridgm5t1 well execut$1 ( ! orig9al1 & is n z mu* z "o-half ( its compass4 ,h[ev] well cond5s$1 an abridgm5t c n reta9 & exhibit all ! m]its ( ! orig9al1 & v _m ( ! lov]s ( ! small] volume w hail & embrace ! opportunity ( obta9+ ! orig9al "w1 9 ! pres5t neat & acceptable =m40--,*ri/ian ,intellig5c]4 ,disc\rses on ,tru?4 ,by ,j4 ,h4 ,?ornwell1 ,d4,d41 ,presid5t ( ! ,s\? ,c>ol9a ,college1 ,columbia1 ,s4 ,c4 #abmo4 #a4 8,! ,e?ics are ( ! l(tie/ /&>d1 brea?+ a pure !ology1 & in=m$ by a s\nd psy*ology1 & pres5t$ 9 a =m ( compact$ logic4 ,x is a tonic = bo? m9d & he>t to read ^! able expositions ( ! moral sy/em ( ,*ri/ianity4 99 99 99 ,to ^? :o ?9k1 x w be f\nd a di% ( /rong meat1 ! inw>d dige/ion ( :i* w give vigor to bo? ! m5tal & spiritual man40--,wat*man & ,obs]v]4 ,fritz ,h>old2 or1 ! ,temptation4 ,by ,mrs4 ,s>ah ,a4 ,mey]s4 #afmo4 ,illu/rat$4 #dj c5ts4 ,may ,dundas2 or1 ,passages f ,"y ,life4 ,by ,mrs4 ,?omas ,geld>t4 ,illu/rat$4 #afmo4 #ej c5ts4 ,! ,*ri/ian ,patriot4 ,a ,memoir ( ,william ,wilb]=ce4 #ge c5ts4 ,?is new ,memoir ( ! ,*ri/ian1 ! patriot1 & philan?ropi/1 is f ! p5 ( a gift$ ,am]ican lady1 & w be read ) int5se int]e/ by all classes ( read]s4 ,! ,autobiography & ,rem9isc5ces ( ! ,rev4 ,wm4 ,jay4 #b vols4 royal #abmo4 #a #be4 8,few names are s ext5sively kn[n 9 ! ,*ri/ian communities ( ,great ,brita9 & ! ,unit$ ,/ates z t ( ,william ,jay4 ,8 #8,morn+ & ,ev5+ ,ex]cises' is 9 ! great majority ( ,*ri/ian families4 ,! ,autobiography is writt5 9 a /yle ( great simplicity & pleasantness4 ,! rem9isc5ces by ,mr4 ,jay ( prom95t individuals ) :om he 0 well acqua9t$--z ,john ,newton1 ,ri*>d ,cecil1 ,rob]t ,hall1 ,william ,wilb]=ce1 & o!rs1 are graphic & ent]ta9+1 & replete ) anecdote40--,*ri/ian ,intellig5c]4 8,?is is a delightful "w4 ,! autobiography is a simple /ory ( 8 life1 9 lett]s address$ to 8 *ildr51 beg9n+ ) bricklay] boy at ,beck=d's ,abbey1 ^: sweet face attract$ ! att5tion ( ,cornelius ,w9t]1 & l$ to ! br++ out ( ! #8boy prea*]1' & end+ ) ! v5]able patri>* ( ,ba?1 ^: "n & writ+s 7 kn[n & lov$ all ov] ,prote/ant ,*ri/5dom40--,wat*man4 8,z an autobiography1 ?is w d to g along ) t ( ,hugh ,mill]40--,j\rnal4 ,by ! same au?or4 ,i4 ,morn+ & ,ev5+ ,ex]cises4 ,a new edition 9 #d royal #abmo vols4 #d4 8,?is edition ( ! ,ex]cises is 9 f\r l>ge #abmo volumes4 ,x is rem>kably well pr9t$ 9 l>ge1 cle> type1 & on cle>1 :ite pap]1 s t ! old & ^? ( weak sight c enjoy ! good ?+s prep>$ = !m by "o ( ! mo/ pi\s & be/ writ]s :i* ! _w has produc$40--,*ri/4 ,advocate4 ,,ii4 ,female ,scripture ,*>act]s4 #abmo4 #a4 8,by all s9c]e ,*ri/ian wom51 ! _w ov]1 ?is volume w be reg>d$ z a spiritual treasure40--,presbyt]ian4 ,paley's ,evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity1 ,) ,notes & ,additions4 ,by ,*>les ,murray ,nairne1 ,m4,a4 #abmo4 #a4be4 8,x w\ld be a "w ( sup]]ogation1 at ?is late day1 to dwell on ! peculi> excell5ces ( ,paley's treatise on ! ,evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is n probable x w ev] be sup]s$$4 ,its le>n+1 its exactness1 its wond]ful cle>ness ( ?\ght1 its logical =ce1 are incomp>able4 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 ,! ,am]ican editor has =tifi$ ! po9ts 9 :i* ,paley has fail$1 &1 by 8 additional matt]1 has unque/ionably furni%$ ! be/1 z well z ! safe/ edition ( ,paley extant40--,presbyt]ian4 8,! ,editor ( ?is "w1 we hesitate n to say1 is a man ( extraord9>y intellect & acquirem5ts1 & he has done :at x may safely be said t few are capable ( do+1 has giv5 additional attraction & value to ,paley's ,evid5ces ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! introductory article1 entitl$ #8,claims ( ,div9e ,revelation1' c\ld nev] h be5 ! production ( any o!r ?an a ma/]-m9d40--,puritan ,record]4 8,z "o ( ! impregnable def5ces ( ! hi/orical v]ity ( ! facts ( ,*ri/ianity1 ! "w ( ,paley /&s unrival$ & complete4 99 99 99 ,! notes & additions ( ,pr(4 ,nairne make x m valuable ?an any edition hi!rto publi%$4 ,! labors ( ,*alm]s1 ,hill1 ,w>dlaw1 ,campbell1 ,alex&]1 ,hit*cock1 ,mill]1 ,birks1 & _m o!rs1 are "h put "u contribution40--,presbyt]ian ( ! ,we/4 ,! ,foot/eps ( ,/4 ,paul4 ,by ! au?or ( ! 8,morn+ & ,night ,wat*es40 #abmo4 ,illu/rat$4 #a #jj4 8#8,! ,foot/eps ( ,/4 ,paul' is ! title ( an able & in/ructive "w1 pres5t+ a consecutive hi/ory ( ! life1 labors1 & tea*+s ( ! great ,apo/le4 ,x int]weaves1 9 ! n>rative1 all ! direct disclosures ( ! ,acts1 ! incid5tal intimations ( ! ,epi/les1 all ! outside in=mation extant1 & _m conjectural /atem5ts d]iv$ f a comp>ison ( diff]5t p>ts ( ,scripture4 ,b he has writt5 x 9 an animat$ & graphic /yle1 & imbu$ x ) a f9e _s4 ,x leaves a /rong impression on ! read]'s m9d4 ,x is copi\sly illu/rat$ ) maps & engrav+s1 & is e way a s*ol>ly p]=mance40--,evangeli/4 8,! ,c>t]s h publi%$ a multitude ( good books1 b1 unless we greatly mi/ake1 ?is w be reckon$ among ! be/ ( !m40--,puritan ,record]4 ,by ! same au?or4 ,i4 ,! ,words ( ,jesus4 #afmo4 #dj c5ts4 8,?is admirable little volume illu/rates & applies "s ( ! preci\s utt]ances ( ! bless$ ,savi\r1 9 language *a/e1 simple1 affectionate1 & urg5t1 enlight5+ ! ?\ghts1 excit+ ! affections1 subdu+ ! passions1 guid+ ! s\l1 l ! /> ( ,be?lehem1 to ! meek & l[ly ,savi\r40--,wat*man4 ,,ii4 ,! ,m9d ( ,jesus4 #afmo4 #dj c5ts4 ,,iii4 ,morn+ & ,night ,wat*es4 #afmo4 #fj c5ts4 8,a preci\s volume ( religi\s tru? mo/ pleas+ly & scripturally pres5t$ = ! com=t & edification ( ! p ( ,god40--,obs]v]4 ,,iv4 ,family ,pray]s4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,simple1 evangelical1 e>ne/1 & well-adapt$ to prove a devotional help40--,*ri/ian ,h]ald4 8,direct1 f]v5t1 & compreh5sive40--,evangeli/4 ,v4 ,! ,woodcutt]1 & ,! ,exiles4 #ahmo4 #ej c5ts4 ,,vi4 ,! ,great ,j\rney3 ,a ,,pilgrimage ,,?r\gh ,,! ,,valley ,,( ,,te>s ,,to ,,m\nt ,,zion1 ,,! ,,city ,,( ,,! ,,liv+ ,,god4 ,illu/rat$4 #afmo4 #ej c5ts4 ,family ,pray]s4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,john ,swete1 ,d4,d4 #afmo4 #fj c5ts4 ,family ,expositions ( ,john & ,jude4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,edw>d ,bick]/e?4 #afmo4 #fj c5ts4 ,! ,"y ,man's ,fri5d & ,guide ?r\gh ,life to ,immortality4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,john ,angel ,james4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,! "y m5 ( our l& h 9 ?is book a r>e treasure4 ,e page is fraught ) in/ruction ( mom5t\s int]e/4 ,no "y man :o w\ld prep>e = ! life t n[ is1 & = t :i* is to come1 %\ld fail to read x40--,advocate4 ,preces ,paul92 or1 ,devotions ( ! ,apo/le ,paul4 #afmo4 #ge c5ts4 8,a gem ( no ord9>y wor?4 99 99 99 ,we may briefly describe x1 & ?is because we ?9k its title fails to d s1 z a ,treatise on ,pray]1 f\nd$ on ! in/ances ( pray] record$ (1 & by1 ! ,apo/le ,paul4 ,x is se>*+1 devotional1 practical1 & pr(itable40--,*ri/ian ,annotator4 ,philip ,colville1 a ,cov5ant]'s ,/ory4 ,by ,grace ,k5n$y1 au?or ( 8,anna ,ross40 #ahmo4 #cj cts4 ,! ,dead 9 ,*ri/2 _! ,/ate1 ,pres5t & ,future4 ,by ,john ,br[n1 ,d4,d4 #afmo4 #ej c5ts4 ,memoir ( ,john ,fr$]ick ,ob]l91 ,pa/or ( ! ,waldba* 9 ! ,ban ,de ,la ,ro*e4 #ahmo4 #dj c5ts4 8,! m9d t does n rise f ?is memoir excit$ & mighti] = ,god1 has a he>tlessness & apa?y none w covet40--,halsey4 ,israel & ! ,g5tiles4 ,contributions to ! ,hi/ory ( ! ,jews f ! e>lie/ "t to ! pres5t day4 ,by ,dr4 ,isaac ,da ,co/a4 #a4be4 ,/ray ,arr[s4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,t4 ,l4 ,cuyl]1 new & enl>g$ edition4 #ahmo4 #dj c5ts4 ,emily ,v]non2 or1 ,filial ,piety ,exemplifi$4 ,by ,mrs4 ,drummond4 #ej c5ts4 8,mo/ cordially d we recomm5d x z a gift to "y ladies :o h pass$ _! sixte5? bir?day40--,briti% ,mo!rs' ,magaz9e4 8,! /ory is simple1 b beautiful 9 its simplicity2 :ile "h & !re we meet ) passages ( exquisite grace & pa?os4 ,x has our he>ty recomm5dation40--,commonweal?4 ,a ,*>t ( ! ,sacr$ ,hi/ory ( ! ,_w f ! ,creation to ! ,bir? ( ,*ri/1 ,be+ a ,syn*ronical arrangem5t ( ! lead+ ev5ts ( sacr$ & pr(ane hi/ory2 subdivid$ into p]iods1 embelli%$ by pictorial illu/rations1 & accompani$ by a concise ,introductory ,sket*1 & copi\s notes4 ,folio4 #a4ej ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,"s inconsi/5cies 9 spell+1 hyph5ation1 & punctuation h be5 reta9$4 ,?is file uses und]scores to indicate italic text & equals signs to indicate bold text4 ,itemiz$ *anges f ! orig9al text3 p4 ix3 *ang$ 8,prote/anism0 to 8,prote/antism0 7,prote/antism1 l ! primitive ,*ur*17 p4 xxxiii3 *ang$ 8,s>bonne0 to 8,sorbonne0 7,expell$ f ! ,sorbonne17 *ang$ 8be0 to 8he0 7= ! eu*>i/1 he ins9uat$7 *ang$ 8,s>bonne0 to 8,sorbonne0 7expulsion f ! ,sorbonne17 p4 xxxv3 *ang$ 8,s>bonne0 to 8,sorbonne0 7be=e ! ,sorbonne 0 9 dep5d5ce17 p4 #id3 *ang$ 8p]feet0 to 8p]fect0 7! mo/ p]fect h>mony7 p4 #ajc3 add$ miss+ quote m>k bas$ on context & #ahge ,*atto ,w9dus edition 7writt5 9 lett]s ( gold407 p4 #ajd3 *ang$ 8t]rribly0 to 8t]ribly0 7,i am t]ribly afraid7 p4 #aaj3 *ang$ 8nnmb]0 to 8numb]0 7! numb] ( our (f5ces7 p4 #adc3 *ang$ 8,filiutus0 to 8,filiutius0 7z ,filiutius says47 p4 #adf3 add$ miss+ quote m>k bas$ on context & #ahge ,*atto ,w9dus edition 7gone into desuetude'7 p4 #afh3 *ang$ 8sylllogism0 to 8syllogism0 7a syllogism 9 due =m17 p4 #bjd3 add$ miss+ quote m>k bas$ on context & #ahge ,*atto ,w9dus edition 7?an to live well4'7 p4 #bji3 ins]t$ miss+ op5+ quote m>k 7#8if ! confessor imposes7 bas$ on context z well z #ahdg ,john ,john/one edition1 #ahge #ahih ,*atto ,w9dus editions p4 #baa3 *ang$ 800 to 8has0 7:o has prob$ ?is "q7 p4 #bah3 add$ miss+ quote m>k bas$ on context 7suffici5t ) ! sacram5t4'7 p4 #bhf3 *ang$ 8surmont0 to 8surm\nt0 7to surm\nt ext]nal ob/acles7 p4 #cbb3 remov$ extrane\s clos+ quote m>k bas$ on context & #ahge ,*atto ,w9dus edition 7ador$ 9 ! sanctu>y7 p4 #cdj3 remov$ extrane\s clos+ quote m>k bas$ on context & #ahge ,*atto ,w9dus edition 7y may pr(it by my example47 p4 #cde3 remov$ extrane\s clos+ quote m>k bas$ on context & #ahge ,*atto ,w9dus edition 7any m ?an 8 book87 p4 #cdg3 *ang$ 8,m4 de l a,lane0 to 8,m4 de la ,lane0 bas$ on #ahij ,h\ghton1 ,osgood ,& ,company edition4 p4 #cdi3 add$ miss+ clos+ quote bas$ on context & #ahge ,*atto ,w9dus edition 7purg>e1 s$ fac]e047 ,9 ! end-(-book publi%]'s catalog1 "s repeat$ words 7 indicat$ by quote m>ks 7074 ,^! 7 replac$ ) ! repeat$ ^w1 = =matt+ reasons4