,books & ,h[ to ,make ! ,mo/ ( ,!m ,,by ,,james ,,hosm] ,,p5niman ,illu/ration3 ,,s*ool ,,bullet9 ,,publications #ahgd ,c4 ,w4 ,,b>de51 ,,publi%] ,,syracuse1 ,n4 ,y4 ,copyright1 #aiaa1 by ,c4 ,w4 ,,b>de5 ,!re is probably no subject on :i* !re has be5 m advice giv5 ?an on t ( books & read+1 b !re are few ^u :i* advice is m necess>y1 = ev5 s wise a man z ,goe! said1 8,i h be5 fifty ye>s try+ to le>n h[ to read1 & ,i h n le>n$ yet40 ,,cont5ts ,i4 ,! ,miracle ( ,books #i ,,ii4 ,h[ to ,use ,books #ah ,,iii4 ,cultivat+ ! ,memory #bf ,,iv4 ,:at to ,read & ! ,abuse ( ,books #ca ,v4 ,! ,art ( ,read+ #dj ,,vi4 ,classification ( ,books #ed ,,vii4 ,poetry #fb ,,viii4 ,biography #gj ,,ix4 ,hi/ory #gg ,x4 ,fiction #he ,,xi4 ,libr>ies & ! ,c>e ( ,books #ia ,books & ,h[ to ,make ! ,mo/ ( ,!m ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,! ,,miracle ,,( ,,books4 ,a book is a miracle wr\ght by human ag5cy4 ,:at m wond]ful ?an t ! ?\ght ( a lifetime %\ld be made visible & conc5trat$ s z to be c>ri$ 9 ! pocket2 t black l9es & dots ^u a :ite page %\ld br+ be=e our m9ds ! mo/ beautiful images4 ,m rem>kable ?an ! telegraph or ! telephone1 a book n only annihilates space b "t1 & c>ries ! voice ( ,david or ,hom] across ! seas ( ! ages4 ,! miracle ( ! wid['s cruse f9ds its lit]al realization 9 a book4 ,we may take all we c f x b !re is j z mu* left = o!rs ) ! sole limitation t he gets ! mo/ f books :o has ! mo/ k2 to him t ha? is giv54 ,no o!r prop]ty is s peculi>ly our own z our intellectual possessions4 ,!y are always ) u2 no rev]sal ( =tune c deprive u ( !m4 ,if we %>e our k ) ano!r we /ill h x1 & p]haps 9 a m ord]ly & useful =m z ! result ( contact ) a diff]5t m9d1 & ! belief 9 ! immortality ( ! s\l makes u sure t our m5tal acquisitions are tak5 ) u beyond ! grave4 ,education & culture w\ld be ( small value if !y 7 to be t]m9at$ by ! expiration ( a few %ort ye>s ( life4 ,books are ! only "w ( man t may be said to be omnisci5t4 ,!y are ! /or$-up memory ( ! race4 ,z all our exp]i5ce ( life w\ld vani% )\t memory1 s all accurate k ( mank9d w\ld evaporate )\t books & we %\ld h no?+ to dep5d ^u b tradition4 ,)\t books we %\ld "k no?+ ( ! work+s ( ! mighty m9ds ( ,hom]1 ,virgil1 ,dante1 ,%akespe>e or ,milton4 ,)\t !m ,caes>1 ,napoleon & ,wa%+ton w\ld be traditions4 ,we c get b an imp]fect idea ( ! hi/ory ( our c\ntry except f books4 ,books alone make books possible1 & no?+ is m r>e ?an a book :i* does n dep5d = its mat]ial on o!r books4 ,books /]eotype & petrify language s t :ile ! spok5 ^w is volatile & *angeable we f9d 9 books ! v words 9 :i* we took delight ye>s ago4 ,we may cause to pass ?r\gh our m9ds ! same ?\ghts 9 absolutely ! same language t int]e/$ ,dr4 ,johnson or ,milton2 we may ev5 foll[ out ! m5tal processes ( ,plato or ,ari/otle1 & see :at !y enjoy$ & note :at !y ?\ght4 ,books int5sify ?\ght2 a book is bett] ?an conv]sation 9 t x may be brood$ ov]1 revis$1 ext5d$1 poli%$ & cont9u$ f "t to "t1 b x _c answ] que/ions except ^? anticipat$ by its au?or4 ,a writ] w put into a book ?\ghts t he w\ld n or c\ld n express 9 conv]sation1 & ?r\gh 8 books we may "k intimately a man :o 0 kn[n only sup]ficially by 8 mo/ famili> contempor>ies4 ,books n only acqua9t u ) ! ?\ghts ( ! great m5 ( ! pa/ b !y enable u to make p]man5t our own ?\ghts1 s t if our ideas are wor?y ( be+ p]petuat$ ^? :o live c5turies h5ce may be z famili> ) our m9ds z we are ) ! m9ds ( ,milton or ,dante4 ,a book enables ! ?\ght ( "o man to rea* all o!r inquir+ m5 9 ages to come4 ,m5 ( :om _! _w 0 n wor?y h ga9$ late recognition ?r\gh _! books2 m5 ^: m9ds 7 f> 9 advance ( _! "t h h&$ d[n _! ?\ghts 9 books :i* h at la/ f\nd appreciative read]s4 ,! pr9t+ press has multipli$ enorm\sly our means ( giv+ curr5cy to ideas1 b ?\ght is no m p[]ful n[ ?an 9 ! "t ( ,plato or ,ari/otle4 ,m5 l ^! wrote books be=e ! "t ( ,*ri/ :i* are /ill consult$ on ! subjects ( :i* !y treat4 ,_m ( ! problems ( life & dea? are z my/]i\s to u z !y 7 to !m4 ,bett] ?an any o!r relics ! books ( a nation %[ :at x really 04 ,! ,d>k ,ages are call$ s because few books 7 writt5 9 !m1 & ,africa is ! ,d>k ,cont95t because x has no lit]ature4 ,no o!r works ( man h done s mu* to spiritualize ! race z books4 ,! ,laocoon is n z inspir+ a creation z ! ,iliad1 ! ,cologne ,ca!dral is n z civiliz+ z ,dante's ,div9e ,com$y1 & x has be5 said t ! works ( ,goe! h advanc$ ! progress ( mank9d m ?an all ! conque/s ( ,napoleon4 ,books h m s\l ?an any o!r human "w4 ,a h\se )\t books is z d>k z a h\se )\t w9d[s4 ,lit]ature is ! mo/ endur+ ( ! f9e arts4 ,no pa9t]1 sculptor1 or ar*itect has erect$ s p]man5t a memorial z ! poets h done4 ,/atues may be brok51 pictures may fade or be consum$ by fire1 ev5 ! pyramids may crumble away1 b ! ?\ght conta9$ 9 great books su* z ! ,iliad & ! ,a5eid is m ne>ly et]nal ?an m>ble or bronze4 ,l[ell's ,commemoration ,ode =ms a m durable monum5t to ,h>v>d's dead h]oes ?an ,memorial ,hall4 ,!re h be5 o!r actions z f9e z ! *>ge ( ! ,light ,brigade1 b x is only ^? t ! great poets h sung t are truly immortal 9 our memories4 8,= de$s doe die1 h[ev] noblie donne1 ,& ?\ghts doe z !mselves decay2 ,b wise words1 taught 9 numb]s = to runne1 ,record$ by ! ,muses live = ay40 --,sp5s]4 ,among ! mo/ la/+ works ( m5 are mosaics2 !y are n easily brok51 _! colors d n fade & _! outl9es d n gr[ dim ) "t4 ,9 ! museum ( ! ,capitol at ,rome is ! fam\s mosaic ( ,pl9y's doves1 r5d]$ famili> by s _m copies3 ?ree or f\r doves p]*$ on a broad-brimm$ cup1 absolutely z p]fect 9 =m & t9t z :5 ,pl9y saw !m two ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,yet ^! t9y bits ( /one jo9$ by cem5t are n z p]man5t z ! poems ( ,hom] :i* h z mu* human int]e/ to-day z !y _h :5 ,alex&] read !m 9 ! int]vals ( 8 pursuit ( ! ,p]sians4 ,! plays ( ,%akespe>e w la/ z long z ! e>? rema9s1 & he said1 8,n m>ble1 nor ! gild$ monum5ts ,( pr9ces1 %all outlive ?is p[]ful rhyme40 ,! love ( great books is 9 itself a m>k ( greatness4 ,biography tea*es no m practical lesson ?an ?is2 t ! _w's really noble m5 h sp5t little "t 9 read+ any books b ! be/1 & t !re has be5 a g5]al agreem5t among !m z to :at ! be/ books are4 ,socrates 0 famili> ) ,hom] & ,aesop4 ,alex&] slept ) ,hom] "u 8 pill[4 ,montaigne alludes con/antly to ! ,bible & to ,cic]o1 ,virgil1 ,horace1 ,s5eca1 ,ovid & o!r classical au?ors4 ,bacon makes frequ5t quotations f ! ,bible & also %[s a k ( ,aesop1 ,cic]o1 ,virgil1 ,ovid1 ,s5eca1 ,montaigne & o!r great writ]s4 ,em]son notes ! fact t ,montaigne 0 9 ! libr>ies ( ,%akespe>e & ( ,b5 ,jonson4 ,em]son read ,*auc]1 ,montaigne1 ,plut>* & ,plato :ile at college & knew ,%akespe>e almo/ by he>t4 ,:5 we realize h[ few books ! m5 ( antiquity _h we und]/& t !y 7 oblig$ to read n _m ?+s b mu*4 ,hom] probably _h no books at all4 ,socrates _h v few & ev5 ,cic]o1 ! accompli%$ s*ol>1 few 9 comp>ison ) a mod]n libr>y4 ,he nev] read ,dante or ,milton or ,%akespe>e4 ,! habit ( commun+ ) great ?\ghts gives heal? & vigor to ! m9d4 ,m5 :o habitually read ! classics h a bread? ( view & a t\ghness ( m5tal fibre :i* _c be obta9$ by ^? ^: highe/ inspiration is d]iv$ f ! newspap] & ! la/ novel4 ,read+ ! be/ books gives an elevation ( ?\ght :i* raises above ! level ( common ?+s1 ennobles & makes f9e ! ord9>y daily occupations1 dignifies life & makes x wor? liv+4 ,! woman :o keeps h] ,bible op5 :ile %e is sew+ & refre%es h]self ) ! ,psalms or ! ,gospels is d]iv+ m5tal z well z spiritual n\ri%m5t2 )\t su* inspiration h] labor w\ld fade into ! light ( common day4 ,we ne$ great books to take u out ( ourselves1 & to %[ u 9 true p]spective our relations to ! pa/1 ! pres5t & ! future4 ,we may f9d f books if we h n le>n$ f our own obs]vation ! true h]oism t is pres5t 9 ! pa9 & pov]ty & di/ress ( ev]yday life4 8,books10 said ,em]son1 8imp>t sympa!tic activity to ! moral p[]s4 ,g ) mean p & y ?9k life is mean4 ,!n read ,plut>*1 & ! _w is a pr\d place1 peopl$ ) m5 ( positive quality1 ) h]oes & demigods /&+ ar\nd u1 :o w n let u sleep40 ,mi*ael ,angelo said 8,:5 ,i read ,hom] ,i look to see if ,i am n tw5ty feet tall40 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,! ,,use ,,( ,,books4 8,he t %all make se>* aft] k1 let him seek x :]e x is10 said ,montaigne ( books4 ,:atev] y\r purpose1 books w help y to accompli% x4 ,!y make ! k ( mank9d our own if we "k h[ to avail ourselves ( !m4 ,only ! wise c get ! be/ out ( books1 !y refuse to deliv] _! message to ! ignorant4 ,next to kn[+ a ?+ y\rself ! mo/ necess>y ?+ is kn[+ :]e to f9d x1 & ! me?od ( gett+ at ! in=mation :i* is /or$ 9 books is an art t mu/ be acquir$4 ,x is an education to take up "s subject & ma/] x1 exam9+ all ! books ab\t x & weigh+ all ! v>y+ & conflict+ op9ions4 ,y nev] realize ! dep? ( human k & ! difficulty ( judg+ :at ! tru? is1 until y h f\nd out f y\r own exp]i5ce ! inf9ite labor ( ma/]+ "o small division ( "o subject4 ,f catalogues & bibliographies y may make a li/ ( ! be/ works on ! subject t y are inve/igat+ & y mu/ !n qu>ry f ^! books :at is ( use to y & arrange x 9 a logical & ord]ly way4 ,y ne$ n read all ! books2 "s conta9 :at y already "k1 & 9 _m ( !m !re is repetition ( :at y h se5 else:]e4 ,y glance ?r\gh "o & f9d little to ! purpose1 ! table ( cont5ts ( ano!r %[s t "h & !re is matt] t %\ld be look$ ov]1 at la/ y come to a "w by a great man1 a ma/] ( ! subject1 e ^w ( :i* mu/ be read & pond]$ on4 ,f ^! books y obta9 ref]5ces to o!rs t y did n "k (2 judgm5t mu/ be %[n 9 conc5trat+ y\rself on :at is ( real value1 & 9 n go+ out ( y\r way to explore allur+ b useless by-pa?s4 ,:5 y take _m notes 9 blank books x is difficult to ref] to !m unless y h an index1 ! mak+ & use ( :i* requires "t1 b notes tak5 on "o side ( %eets ( loose pap] may easily be sort$ into l>ge envelopes accord+ to ! divisions ( ! subject1 & z y\r inve/igations proce$ & y\r k wid5s new divisions may readily be made4 ,!re is a decid$ advantage 9 hav+ all ! notes ( a k9d toge!r & :5 !y are on sep>ate pieces ( pap] !y may be pa/$ or p9n$ 9 /rips & _! ord] *ang$ at w4 ,y may n h y\r note book ) y b a bit ( blank pap] c always be obta9$4 ,^! notes may be a ^w or two "h to rem9d y ( an idea1 a quotation !re1 accurately copi$1 &1 mo/ important ( all1 su* orig9al ?\ghts z h occurr$ to y4 ,y w /r5g!n y\r m9d & also improve y\r diction1 by writ+ out fully ! ideas t occur to y :ile read+4 ,:5 y d ?is1 y w n read s _m books1 b y w d]ive inf9itely m good f ^? y d read4 ,y w pay m att5tion & w be c>eful t :at y read is wor? not+4 ,take notes freely & z mu* z possible 9 y\r own language4 8,writ+ make? an exact man40 ,accord+ to ,dr4 ,watts1 m is ga9$ by writ+ out once ?an by read+ five times4 ,:at y h tak5 notes ( is !reby fix$ 9 y\r m9d & :5 y h classifi$ y\r subject accord+ to its natural divisions y h1 9 s do+1 =m$ new associations :i* w help y to rememb] x4 ,:5 y\r mat]ials are collect$ & arrang$1 y\r "w is half done4 ,:at rema9s requires a m5tal faculty ( a high] ord]3--! p[] ( cord9ation4 ,j "h ! diff]5ce appe>s betwe5 a p5ny-a-l9] & ! au?or ( a book ( p]man5t value4 ,bo? m5 may be indu/ri\s1 bo? may h good ideas1 b ! au?or has a bread? ( m9d :i* enables him to cord9ate 8 k2 he pursues a connect$ *a9 ( ?\ght lead+ to def9ite conclusions1 he has assimilat$ :at he has f\nd 9 books1 re9=c$ x by 8 own obs]vation & /udy1 & ! result is a compact & organic :ole1 a mat]ial addition to ! k ( ! _w4 ,9 ! ,fable = ,critics1 ,l[ell ?us describes ! unord]ly work] among books3-- 8,tw\ld be endless to tell y ! ?+s t he knew1 ,all sep>ate facts1 und5iably true1 ,b ) him or ea* o!r !y'd no?+ to d1 ,no p[] ( comb9+1 arrang+1 disc]n+1 ,dige/$ ! masses he le>n$ into le>n+40 ,try to see cle>ly ! important divisions ( a subject1 to be fair m9d$1 to draw y\r own conclusions1 to di/+ui% betwe5 ! probable & ! improbable1 to recognize ! good po9ts 9 ea* side ( conflict+ !ories4 ,especially le>n to classify & arrange ! ideas y get f books & to unite !m to :at y already "k4 ,if y c enjoy ! /udy ( "s special subject connect$ ) y\r occupation & keep at x long en\gh to make y\rself ma/] ( x1 y may by s do+ educate y\rself4 ,y %\ld n only /udy ! actual op]ations1 b y %\ld also famili>ize y\rself ) :at has be5 writt5 ab\t !m1 & %\ld make an ef=t to record a p]man5t advance made by y\r own ex]tions4 8,k ( books 9 a man ( bus9ess1 is z a tor* 9 ! h&s ( "o :o is will+ & able to %[ ^? :o are bewild]$ ! way :i* leads to prosp]ity & welf>e10 says ! ,spectator4 ,h[ mu*1 = example1 has be5 lo/ 9 treasure & en]gy because politicians :o h n read hi/ory & political economy1 ignorantly p]si/ 9 me?ods t h fail$ ev] s9ce ! _w began4 8,a pr9ce )\t lett]s10 said ,b5 ,jonson1 8is a pilot )\t eyes4 ,all 8 gov]nm5t is grop+40 8,x is manife/ t all gov]nm5t ( action is to be gott5 by k1 & k1 be/1 by ga!r+ _m kn[l$ges1 :i* is read+10 wrote ,sir ,philip ,sidney4 ,:5 y read a numb] ( books on ! same topic ea* ?r[s light on ! o!r & y get deep]1 cle>] ideas4 ,y ?9k m4 ,"o subject /udi$ ?or\ghly has m educational value ?an _m look$ at sup]ficially4 ,b :ile !re is ! greate/ culture value 9 tak+ up "o l9e ( ?\ght & pursu+ x z f> z possible1 ! importance ( ! broad f\ndation to build on mu/ always be kept be=e y4 8,:at sci5ce & practical life alike ne$ is n n>r[ m51 b broad m5 %>p5$ to a po9t10 says ,dr4 ,ni*olas ,murray ,butl]4 ,!re is no occupation :]e a fund ( g5]al in=mation is n valuable1 provid$ x be accurate4 ,! k ( a little law is z useful to ! doctor z t ( a little m$ic9e is to ! lawy]4 ,h[ mu* m useful a man is 9 all bran*es ( 8 call+ if he kn[s ?or\ghly at lea/ "o "p ( x4 ,y _c d any?+ t w add m to y\r value to y\rself & to ! _w 9 g5]al ?an to /udy y\r occupation all y\r life4 ,if y\r "w z a /ud5t ends ) s*ool or college1 y\r usefulness w be limit$ & y w always occupy a subord9ate position4 ,education is a life "w1 we h no "t to wa/e1 b we %\ld take "t en\gh to d x well4 ,be satisfi$ ) a sl[ advance if y are gett+ ahead all ! "t1 b d n be turn$ aside f ! track4 ,d n make ! mi/ake ( suppos+ t conv]se ) ! ?\ghts ( m5 z pres]v$ 9 books c take ! place ( communion ) liv+ m54 ,y w get w>p$ & unreal ideas ( life if y d4 ,talk ab\t :at y read ) intellectual p4 ,we are educat$ by association ) m51 by pictures1 by music1 by nature z well z by ! /udy ( books4 ,commune ) o!r m5 b d n omit to commune ) y\rself1 only by s do+ c y ga9 8t f9al & high] product ( k :i* we call wisdom40 8,read to weigh & consid]10 said ,bacon1 t means to ?9k4 ,wordswor? speaks ( 8k pur*as$ ) ! loss ( p[]10 & ,huxley says1 8! great end ( life is n k b action4 ,:at m5 ne$ is1 z mu* k z !y c assimilate & organize into a basis = action2 give !m m & x may become injuri\s40 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,cultivat+ ,,! ,,memory4 ,mo/ ( u =get1 z ,&rew ,lang says1 8) an ease & read9ess only to be acquir$ by practice10 & w\ld agree ) ,montaigne t 8if ,i be a man ( "s read+1 yet ,i am a man ( no rememb]+40 ,to recall :at we read we mu/ fir/ ( all pay att5tion to x4 ,att5tion has be5 /yl$ ! "m ( memory4 ,x is naturally unit$ to int]e/1 we att5d be/ to :at we c>e mo/ ab\t1 b we may wat* ov] our m9ds & =ce !m to return :5 !y w&] & att5tion may be made habitual by repeat$ & vigor\s ef=ts ( ! w4 8,!re mu/ be cont9uity ( "w10 says ,?omas ,a4 ,edison1 ! inv5tor1 8:5 y set out to d a c]ta9 ?+ nev] let any?+ di/urb y f do+ t4 ,?is p[] ( putt+ ! ?\ght on "o p>ticul> ?+1 & keep+ x !re = h\rs at "t1 comes f practice1 & x takes a long :ile to get 9 ! habit4 ,i rememb]1 a long :ile ago1 ,i c\ld only ?9k t5 m9utes on a giv5 subject be=e some?+ else w\ld come to my m9d4 ,b aft] long practice ,i c n[ keep my m9d = h\rs on "o topic )\t be+ di/ract$ ) ?\ghts ( o!r matt]s40 ,on ! o!r h& ^? :o f9d difficulty 9 focus+ ! m9d = long p]iods ( "t may be com=t$ by ! foll[+ op9ion ( ,pr(essor ,william ,james ?an :om !re is no bett] au?ority on matt]s ( ?is k9d3 8,! total m5tal effici5cy ( a man is ! resultant ( ! work+ toge!r ( all 8 faculties4 ,he is too complex a be+ = any "o ( !m to h ! ca/+ vote4 ,if any "o ( !m d h ! ca/+ vote1 x is m likely to be ! /r5g? ( 8 desire & passion1 ! /r5g? ( ! int]e/ he takes 9 :at is propos$2 conc5tration1 memory1 reason+ p[]1 inv5tiv5ess1 excell5ce ( ! s5ses1--all are subsidi>y to ?is4 ,no matt] h[ scatt]-bra9$ ! type ( a man's successive fields ( consci\sness may be1 if he really c>e = a subject1 he w return to x incessantly f 8 incessant w&]+s1 & fir/ & la/ d m ) x1 & get m result f x1 ?an ano!r p]son ^: att5tion may be m cont9u\s dur+ a giv5 int]val1 b ^: passion = ! subject is ( a m languid & less p]man5t sort40 ,we mu/ h a cle> idea ( :at we read if we wi% to reta9 x4 ,we _c rememb] p]fectly :at we d n und]/&4 ,we mu/ ?9k ab\t :at we read1 assimilate x & unite x to ! k t we already possess4 ,e "t we g ov] x 9 our m9ds we make ! impression cle>]4 ,pr(essor ,james lays special /ress on ! aid to memory t is d]iv$ by ?is association ( ideas4 8,:5 we wi% to fix a new ?+ 9 ei!r our own m9d or a pupil's1 our consci\s ef=t %\ld n be s mu* to impress & reta9 x z to connect x ) some?+ else already !re4 ,! #8secret ( a good memory' is ?us ! secret ( =m+ div]se & multiple associations ) e fact we c>e to reta94 ,b ?is =m+ ( associations ) a fact--:at is x b ?9k+ ab\t ! fact z mu* z possible8 ,briefly1 !n1 ( two m5 ) ! same outw>d exp]i5ces1 ! "o :o ?9ks ov] 8 exp]i5ces mo/1 & weaves !m into ! mo/ sy/ematic relations ) ea* o!r1 w be ! "o ) ! be/ memory40 ,:5 we read a numb] ( books on ! same subject ! memory is help$ by ! association ( ideas1 & on ! o!r h& we h high au?ority = ! /atem5t t ! memory is weak5$ by aimless read+4 ,!re is p]haps no "o pursuit 9 :i* s mu* preci\s "t is wa/$1 no "o 9 :i* ! en]gies ( mank9d are exp5d$ to s little purpose1 z 9 su* read+4 8,no?+1 9 tru?10 says ,dugald ,/ew>t1 8has su* a t5d5cy to weak5 n only ! p[]s ( inv5tion b ! intellectual p[]s 9 g5]al1 z a habit ( ext5sive & v>i\s read+ )\t reflection40 ,! habit ( %>+ ! results ( read+ is z useful to ourselves z x is to o!rs4 ,! s*ol> ( :om ,*auc] wrote 8gladly wolde he l]ne & gladly te*e10 probably _h no difficulty 9 rememb]+ :at he read4 ,! reproduction ( :at y h read by conv]sation or by writ+ aids ! memory :ile /r5g!n+ ! m9d4 ,f>aday says1 8,i hold x z a great po9t 9 self-education t ! /ud5t %\ld be cont9ually engag$ 9 =m+ exact ideas1 & 9 express+ !m cle>ly by language40 ,pr(essor ,james rem>ks1 8a ?+ m]ely read or he>d1 & nev] v]bally reproduc$1 contracts ! weake/ possible adhesion 9 ! m9d4 ,v]bal recitation or reproduction is ?us a highly important k9d ( reactive behavior on our impressions40 ,moreov]1 :ile cultivat+ ! memory1 ! reproduction ( ideas f ! works ( writ]s l ,addison1 ,newman1 & ,mat!w ,arnold is valuable 9 ! =mation ( a cle> & simple /yle4 ,x 0 by c>eful read+ ( ,addison & by aft]w>ds reproduc+ ! ?\ght 9 8 own language t ,frankl9 :5 a boy =m$ ! habit ( elegant & exact expression t made :atev] he wrote int]e/+4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,:at ,,to ,,read ,,& ,,! ,,abuse ,,( ,,books4 ,_m p live 9 fir/-class h\ses1 /ay at fir/-class hotels1 travel 9 fir/-class /eam%ips & railway tra9s & !n read ?ird or f\r?-class books4 ,= !m "o book is ab\t z good z ano!r4 ,if "o does n c>e = ! _w's great books ! fault is 9 him1 n 9 !m1 b he mu/ realize ! va/ness ( human k & und]/& t "s ( ! wise/ voices ( all "t h no message = him4 ,!re are nomadic read]s :o read z ! gypsies live1 camp+ ev]y:]e b = a night )\t purpose & )\t pr(it4 ,su* read+ is m5tal dissipation4 ,desultory read+ jumps f "o book to ano!r4 ,y might z well try to dr9k ! sea z to read all books4 ,y mu/ divide 9 ord] to conqu]4 ,d n read bl9dly1 "k :at y are ab\t4 ,h a def9ite aim & purpose4 ,d n read ! fir/ book t comes to h& b :5 y he> ( a book t y ought to read make a note ( x4 ,by keep+ a li/ ( books y may %ape y\r c\rse & make y\r read+ a selection f a selection4 ,d n pref] ! new to ! m]itori\s2 by foll[+ ,em]son's advice 8read no book until x has be5 out a ye>10 y w avoid _m l\d-trumpet$ books4 ,!re is unc]ta9ty 9 read+ a new book1 b ! value ( ! old books is well kn[n4 ,we ne$ make no mi/ake4 ,_m ( ! olde/ books are always new b !re are books :i* 7 once /&>ds on hi/orical & te*nical subjects t are n[ z out ( date z la/ ye>'s almanac4 ,be sure t :at y read is reliable & ! be/ ( its k9d4 ,pref] quality to quantity4 ,read ! great books = y\rself & d n be cont5t ) read+ o!r p's impressions ( !m4 ,books ab\t books are seldom useful unless "o has also read ! works ( :i* !y treat4 ,let ! books t y select be ^? t h ! approval ( m5 compet5t to judge1 b be> 9 m9d t ! wise/ man _c select ! books t w be/ suit o!rs2 ea* mu/ *oose = himself4 ,p are always glad to recomm5d ! books t h help$ !m b !y _c tell :e!r su* books w help y4 ,y mu/ f9d out = y\rself1 no "o else c d x = y4 ,d n be afraid to ask anyone :o kn[s m ?an y d4 ,!re is no in=mation :i* p are s ready to give z ab\t books1 inde$ :5 y ask !m !y feel flatt]$4 ,:5 ,frankl9 wi%$ to make fri5ds ) a man t he suspect$ ( ho/ile s5tim5ts he borr[$ a book ( him & return$ x promptly4 ,to f9d out :at ! be/ books are is no difficult matt]1 b to f9d out :at are ! be/ books = u requires a self-k t takes life-long /udy4 ,9 read+ we mu/ feel our way1 we _c tell :at is be/ = u all at once4 ,we ne$ to get acqua9t$ ) our own m9ds1 to le>n :at our p[]s & ta/es are4 ,?is takes "t & ?\ght &1 m ?an all1 fair-m9d$ness 9 ord] t we may n =m too high or too l[ an e/imate ( our abilities4 8,if ?\ w\ld/ pr(it by ?y read+1 read humbly1 simply1 hone/ly1 & n desir+ to w9 a "* = le>n+10 said ,?omas a ,kempis4 ,h a cle> view ( lit]ature1 "k :at y l & :y y l x4 ,be hone/ ) y\rself1 d n pret5d to l :at y d n because o!r p d4 ,d n be afraid to be ignorant ( _m ?+s1 x is ! price y mu/ pay = kn[+ a few ?+s well4 ,x is only ! /upid :o pret5d to "k :at !y d n4 ,an educat$ man is n a%am$ to say t he does n "k4 8,! ackn[l$gm5t ( ignorance10 said ,montaigne1 8is "o ( ! be/ & sure/ te/imonies ( judgm5t t ,i c f9de40 ,to "k :5 y d "k a ?+ & :5 y d n1 is ! fir/ /ep t[>ds ! atta9m5t ( s\nd s*ol>%ip1 & ! next is to "k :]e to g = in=mation4 8,no?+ is s prolific z a little kn[n well40 ,to h a g5]al idea ( :at is wor? read+ & to "k :]e to turn = ! books :i* are ( vital importance to "o's developm5t mu/ be ! f\ndation ( any plan = culture4 ,x is "o ( ! mo/ useful results ( a lib]al education t x gives a broad view ( ! :ole range ( human ?\ght1 & %[s :at to consid] & :at to reject2 x tea*es to di/+ui% z ,l[ell says betwe5 lit]ature & pr9t$ matt]4 ,foll[ ! b5t ( y\r incl9ation b make a cle> di/9ction betwe5 ! read+ t y d ) a purpose & t :i* y d = pleasure1 8:at we read ) incl9ation makes a /rong impression4 ,:at we read z a task is ( little use10 said ,doctor ,johnson1 & he add$ 8if we read )\t incl9ation1 half ! m9d is employ$ 9 fix+ ! att5tion1 s !re is b "o half to be employ$ on :at we read40 ,mu* en]gy is wa/$ by consci5ti\s read]s ov] classic books t are beyond _! capacity4 ,plato & ,ari/otle are among ! greate/ ?9k]s t ! _w has produc$ b _! works are n )9 ! compreh5sion ( e m9d4 ,inde$ ,em]son says t1 8,!re are n 9 ! _w at any "o "t m ?an a doz5 p]sons :o read & und]/& ,plato40 ,d n ?9k t because a /atem5t is 9 pr9t x is necess>ily true4 ,y w (t5 f9d conflict+ /atem5ts 9 diff]5t books on ! same subject4 8,"s books are lies frae end to end10 said ,burns4 ,=tunately ?is c be said ( few books b _m conta9 inaccuracies1 mis-/atem5ts & exagg]ations4 ,weigh & consid] all y read 9 ! light ( y\r own exp]i5ce4 ,books l life ( :i* !y are expressions & au?ors :o produce !m are ( all k9ds1 good & bad1 uplift+ & degrad+1 true & false4 ,we mu/ value !m = :at !y are1 n = :at !y pret5d to be1 &1 sett+ aside our own preconceptions & prejudices1 lay our m9ds op5 to ^? :o s]i\sly & s9c]ely hold o!r views ?an ours4 ,! au?or tries to make u feel :at he feels & see :at he sees4 ,"s c d ?is )\t ef=t on our "p & o!rs l cuttle fi% cov] !mselves ) cl\ds ( _! own obscurity4 ,we soon le>n f ! way a writ] expresses himself :e!r he is accurate or n & we dep5d ^u ^? :om we f9d c>eful 9 mak+ _! /atem5ts4 ,we get to love & tru/ au?ors z we get to "k our fri5ds by long & famili> conv]se4 ,! writ]s we %\ld "k be/1 ) ^: lives & complete works we %\ld make ourselves famili> are ^? :o h beauty ( "* add$ to grace ( expression4 ,"s m5 l ,burns & ,goldsmi? ende> !mselves to u 9 spite ( pron\nc$ weaknesses4 ,books give pleasure n only by :at !y conta9 b also by ! mann] 9 :i* x is express$4 ,beauty ( language z well z ( ?\ght make ! works ( ,c>d9al ,newman & ,mat!w ,arnold attractive :e!r we agree ) _! conclusions or n & :e!r ! subjects ( :i* !y treat are ( int]e/ to u or n4 ,milton tells u t we %\ld h a vigilant eye h[ books demean !mselves4 ,!re is 9 "s ways m dang] f evil books ?an f evil companions4 ,bad companions _c be ) u always & bad books may be4 ,s*op5hau] calls 8bad books1 ^? exub]ant we$s ( lit]ature t *oke ! true corn10 & ev5 ! g5tle ,*>les ,lamb speaks ) contempt ( 8?+s 9 books' clo?+40 ,! only use ( poor books is to tea* u by comp>ison ! value ( good ones4 ,r\sseau ?\ght t 8! abuse ( read+ is de/ructive to k4 ,imag9+ ourselves to "k ev]y?+ we read1 we conceive x unnecess>y to le>n x by o!r means40 8,lit]ature is n %ut up 9 books nor art 9 gall]ies3 bo? are tak5 9 by unconsci\s absorption ?r\gh ! f9] pores ( m9d & "* 9 ! atmosph]e ( society10 said ,l[ell2 & ,em]son wrote1 8books are = ! s*ol>'s idle times3 :5 he c read ,god directly1 ! h\r is too preci\s to be wa/$ 9 o!r m5's transcripts ( _! read+s4 ,b :5 ! int]vals ( d>kness come1 z come !y mu/1--:5 ! sun is hid & ! />s )draw _! %9+1--we repair to ! lamps :i* 7 k9dl$ by _! ray1 to guide our /eps to ! ,ea/ aga91 :]e ! dawn is40 8,no man %\ld consid] s highly ( himself z to ?9k he c receive b little light f books1 nor s meanly z to believe he c discov] no?+ b :at is to be le>n$ f !m40 wrote ,doctor ,johnson1 & ,pr(essor ,blackie says1 8all k :i* comes f books comes indirectly1 by reflection1 & by e*o2 true k gr[s f a liv+ root 9 ! ?9k+ s\l2 & :atev] x may appropriate f )\t1 x takes by liv+ assimilation into a liv+ organism1 n by m]e borr[+40 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,read+4 8,! mo/ important /ep t[>d gett+ m5tal p[] is ! acquisition ( a "r me?od 9 "w & a j /&>d ( atta9m5t10 says ,presid5t ,elliot4 ,! secret ( success 9 read+ is conc5tration4 ,! m9d mu/ be focus$ l a l5s on j ^? books & j ^? p>ts ( !m t are ne$$ to accompli% ! desir$ object4 ,h a def9ite purpose & d n all[ y\rself to be turn$ aside f x4 ,!re are ^? :o read m]ely to get ov] a c]ta9 numb] ( pages & say t !y h read a book4 ,pr9t$ words run be=e _! eyes & make no impression on _! m9ds4 ,9 ?is age ( hurry _m ru% ?r\gh books z tra9s ru% ?r\gh tunnels4 ,! true read] makes 8 read+ give an acc\nt ( itself4 ,aft] y h read a few pages /op & ?9k x ov] & arrange x 9 y\r m9d4 ,x takes "t to rip51 ! be/ gr[? is sl[4 ,we c no m become acqua9t$ ) a book on a s+le read+ ?an we c "k a man on a s+le meet+4 8,betwe5 read+ & /udy !re is ! same diff]5ce z betwe5 a gue/ & a fri5d10 said ,/4 ,b]n>d4 ,rusk9 ?\ght t read+ ! same ?+ ov] & ov] aga9 aid$ him greatly 9 gett+ ?or\ghly to ! bottom ( matt]s2 & ,dr4 ,w4 ,t4 ,h>ris has rem>k$1 8x is my exp]i5ce ) great _w poets t ! fir/ read+ yields ! smalle/ h>ve/4 ,ea* succe$+ read+ becomes m pr(itable 9 geometrical ratio4 ,at fir/1 ,dante's ,div9e ,com$y 0 a dumb %[ writt5 ov] ) h>d1 dogmatic inscriptions4 ,x has become to me ! mo/ eloqu5t exposition ( human fre$om & div9e grace40 ,bacon tells u t books are to be read 9 diff]5t ways4 ,"s are to be read "h & !re1 o!rs to be skimm$ & a few to be /udi$4 ,be cont5t ) gradual progress1 ! be/ gr[? is sl[1 b keep con/antly at x4 ,milton speaks ( 8indu/ri\s & select read+10 & t is ! only k9d t gives true culture4 ,says ,walt ,:itman1 8! process ( read+ is n a half sleep1 b 9 ! highe/ s5se1 an ex]cise1 a gymna/ic /ruggle2 t ! read] is to d some?+ = himself1 mu/ be on ! al]t1 mu/ himself or h]self con/ruct inde$ ! poem1 argum5t1 hi/ory1 metaphysical essay--! text furni%+ ! h9ts1 ! clue1 ! />t or framework40 8,m5 give me "s cr$it = g5ius4 ,all ! g5ius ,i h lies 9 ?is3 :5 ,i h a subject 9 h& ,i /udy x pr(\ndly2 day & night x is be=e me4 ,i explore x 9 all its be>+s4 ,my m9d becomes p]vad$ ) x4 ,!n ! ef=t :i* ,i make ! p are pleas$ to call ! fruit ( g5ius4 ,x is ! fruit ( labor & ?\ght40--,daniel ,web/]4 ,we mu/ recognize ! fact t !re are _m books ( great value to o!rs t h no message = u4 ,we may wa/e "t 9 read+ good books t we d n und]/&4 8,x is ( p>am\nt importance10 says ,s*op5hau]1 8to acquire ! art n to read40 ,books %\ld be ladd]s to lift u to a high] m5tal plane4 ,no matt] h[ long or h[ indu/ri\sly we read1 we c nev] be elevat$ by tra%4 ,! m lit]ature we pond] on & make our own ! bett] we are = x1 b ! little ?\ghts ( inf]ior m5 ?\gh !y may s]ve to occupy our m9ds c nev] improve !m4 ,& on ! o!r h& ! habit ( associat+ ) ! ?\ghts ( noble m5 gives heal? & robu/ness to ! m9d1 :i* does n gr[ unless x is ex]t$ on some?+ wor?y ( its /r5g?4 ,! books t help u mo/ are ^? :i* dem& ! ex]cise ( our highe/ p[]s1 books :i* h a cle> & def9ite purpose & t appeal to ! be/ t is 9 u4 ,su* books are n to be und]/ood all at once1 b e "t we re-read !m we get new light ^u !m4 ,we %\ld n =ce ourselves to read :at we d n und]/&1 b %\ld read ! be/ t we c enjoy & if t is n ! be/ !re is1 x w be 9 "t if we p]sev]e4 ,no o!r occupation is s well adapt$ to ! pr(itable employm5t ( mom5ts ( leisure z read+4 ,at any place1 at any "t1 )\t prep>ation we may read4 ,books are always ready to d = u all t our m5tal /ate w admit4 ,no man 0 ev] s wret*$ t he c\ld n claim & receive ! companion%ip & sympa?y ( ! be/ ?\ght ( ! be/ m54 ,no life is s *e]less t x _c be bright5$ by books4 ,doctor ,johnson ?\ght t ! mo/ mis]able man is he :o _c read on a ra9y day4 ,h[ mu* ^? miss :o h no love ( read+1 h[ "t mu/ hang heavily on _! h&s 9 illness1 9 bad wea!r1 9 ! long ev5+s4 ,em]son lik$ to read & /udy 9 a tumultu\s privacy ( /orm4 ,read+ is (t5 ! only pleasure ( ! sick1 br++ to _! rooms ! h]oes ( all ages & ! sc5es ( all climes s t !y may =get _! suff]+s 9 sail+ ! ocean ) ,columbus1 or leav+ ! smoke & turmoil ( ! city !y may w&] ) ,?oreau 9 leafy nooks by ! cry/al wat]s ( ,wald54 ,sitt+ 9 a poor room1 ill-f$ & ragg$ a man may ent]ta9 ,sir ,walt] ,scott or ,"l ,macaulay & dismiss !m )\t c]emony :5 he tires ( !m4 ,! fact t we c /op ! talk ( a book at w is "o ( ! greate/ advantages ( read+4 ,"l ,macaulay might h bor$ "o b 8 books nev] d4 ,read+ is ! great solace ( old age & is "o ( ! few pleasures :i* increases z ! ye>s g by4 ,life %\ld be a happy m$ium betwe5 ! practical & ! ideal2 ^? successful m5 ( bus9ess :o h no ta/e = lit]ature (t5 appreciate _! defici5cies q z mu* z d ! impractical ideali/s :o h nev] accompli%$ any?+ ( real value4 ,d>w9 devot$ 8 m5tal en]gies s entirely to ! consid]ation ( facts1 t he lo/ all ta/e = imag9ative lit]ature & deeply regrett$ t 8 m9d 9 ?is respect 0 w>p$ & "o sid$4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 _m m5 :o h become s dull$ by ! practicalities ( bus9ess t !y consid] x a wa/e ( "t to read any?+ b ! newspap]s or ! reports ( ! /ock m>ket4 ,! pleasure to be gott5 f ,%akespe>e or ,t5nyson su* p]sons w nev] "k4 ,lack ( "t is made an excuse = sup]ficial accompli%m5t1 b no "o is s busy t he _c f9d "t to read if he w b dilig5tly make ! mo/ ( 8 opportunities4 8,do/ ?\ value life10 said ,frankl91 8!n d n wa/e "t = t is ! /uff life is made (40 8,9 /udies1 :atsoev] a man comm&e? ^u himself1 let him set h\rs = x10 says ,bacon1 b1 he adds1 8:atsoev] is agreeable to 8 nature1 let him take no c>e = any set h\rs1 = 8 ?\ghts w fly to x ( !mselves40 ,a small fix$ p]iod devot$ to /udy e day is f> bett] ?an a long] "t giv5 occasionally4 ,! result is n only great] b ! m5tal effect is bett]4 ,= by devot+ a c]ta9 "t e day to ! consid]ation ( noble ?\ghts y\r m9d :i* gr[s by :at x fe$s on is giv5 food = reflection s t x increases 9 p[] ev5 :5 y are n read+4 ,!re are books n only = all sorts & conditions ( m5 b also = all ! v>y+ circum/ances ( ! life ( ea* & = all ! diff]5t m5tal phases ?r\gh :i* !y may pass4 ,a book may h a message = e "o b n ! same message = ea*2 "o x may enc\rage1 ano!r x may rebuke2 "o x may lead fur!r 9 ! pa? he is tread+1 ano!r x may /op & turn into a bett] way4 ,habits ( ?\ght due to inh]itance or occupation modify & 9 "s measure det]m9e ! effect ( a book & ! nature ( its message = ea* read]4 ,y %\ld adapt books to y\r m5tal /ate1 aft] a h>d day's "w ! m9d easily we>ies1 :ile ) ! /r5g? ( ! morn+ y may read ! v be/ t y are capable (4 ,read ! h>de/ book fir/ & z y\r m9d tires lay x aside & take up some?+ easi]4 ,:5 y f9d t y are n appreciat+ :at y read /op & give y\r m9d a re/4 ,:at we read dep5ds ^u our ta/e & ta/e det]m9es "* & is det]m9$ by "*4 ,ta/e may be cultivat$ & improv$ by always pref]r+ ! high] to ! l[] :5 we h an opportunity to make a *oice1 by improv+ ! surr\nd+s & associations1 by unconsci\s influ5ce z well z by consci\s ef=t4 ,!re is only "o way 9 :i* a love = good lit]ature may be ga9$ & t is by read+ good lit]ature4 ,p talk ab\t ! ,engli% classics & at la/ almo/ conv9ce !mselves t !y are famili> ) !m b h[ _m d y "k :o h really read ,%akespe>e8 ,!re are con/ant allusions 9 lit]ature & 9 life to books ) :i* ev]yone is suppos$ to be acqua9t$1 su* z ! ,bible1 ,hom]1 ,%akespe>e1 ,pilgrim's ,progress1 ,scott & ,longfell[4 ,"o _c always *oose 8 bus9ess 9 life1 sometimes he is =c$ to d ! fir/ ?+ t comes to h&1 b he ne$ n engage 9 any recreation t he does n *oose & x is 8 own fault if 8 pleasures are mean ones4 ,we (t5 meet p ^: m9ds seem flat & /ale because !y d]ive _! highe/ inspiration f no?+ m elevat+ ?an ! daily pap]s4 ,a common k ( a good book may be at once ! f\ndation ( mutual und]/&+ & fri5d%ip4 ,x e/abli%es a bond ( sympa?y betwe5 m9ds cultivat$ & in=m$ by contact ) noble ?\ghts4 ,su* sympa?y is impossible = ^? ^: m9ds ow+ to lack ( read+ dwell ev] 9 ! pres5t amid mat]ial ?+s4 ,d n cont5t y\rself ) read+ ! obs]vations ( o!rs2 be an obs]v] y\rself4 ,y\r read+ %\ld tea* y to obs]ve1 b "s p]sons /ultify !mselves s by con/ant read+ t !y lose ! p[] to p]ceive4 ,our m9ds gr[ by ex]tion r ?an by passive reception4 ,we are put 9 ! _w n only to accompli% a c]ta9 am\nt ( "w1 b also to develop our m5tal & spiritual p[]s to ! fulle/ ext5t2 to make ! mo/ ( ourselves4 ,by tak+ an int]e/ 9 :at is go+ on ar\nd u we may add a new *>m to life4 ,we are surr\nd$ by ! wond]ful & inspir+ b only ! great man or woman has ! s5se to see x2 = all ! re/ life is hopelessly commonplace4 ,! man :o f9ds ! mo/ to admire gets ! mo/ enjoym5t out ( life4 ,! /udy ( nature tea*es u to appreciate mu* t is beautiful 9 lit]ature1 &1 on ! o!r h&1 books help u to enjoy _m ?+s ab\t u t o!rwise we %\ld n h notic$4 ,m5 ) f9] faculties ?an ourselves h obs]v$ & record$ = u beauties t )\t _! aid we %\ld h be5 unable to p]ceive4 8,books10 said ,dryd51 8are spectacles to read nature40 ,! p[] ( a book to /imulate ! m9d is "o ( its mo/ useful qualities4 ,"s books are m valuable = :at !y make u ?9k ?an = :at !y actually say4 ,x is ! read+ t we make ! mo/ (1 ^: sub/ance incorporates itself ) our m5tal equipm5t1 t develops & enl>ges our faculties4 ,:at we read & assimilate becomes "p ( ! "*4 ,r\sseau's ,emile1 = in/ance1 is "o ( ! mo/ sugge/ive books ev] writt52 ,pe/alozzi1 ,froebel1 ,h]b]t ,sp5c] & _m o!r educational ?9k]s h d]iv$ _! inspiration f ,r\sseau4 ,em]son is especially valuable = ! new tra9s ( ?\ght :i* he sugge/s4 ,fur!rmore a book is f> f useless :5 x ar\ses ?\ghtful diss5t4 ,passages 9 ! ,emile h furni%$ ! texts = discussions t h m>k$ advances 9 educational ?\ght4 ,we =m our *>act]s f ! m5 & books t we associate )4 ,we _c always *oose our companions b we c *oose our books1 & x is our own fault if !y are mean books4 ,a man may be kn[n bett] by ! books he reads ?an by ! company he keeps1 we %\ld be q z likely to f9d a judge mak+ a companion ( a pickpocket or gambl] z to f9d a l[-m9d$ man read+ an essay by ,l[ell or ,em]son4 ,tell me :at y read & ,i w tell y :at y are4 ,x is :at we take an int]e/ 9 t /amps u4 ,mat!w ,arnold gives a concise def9ition ( culture :5 he says t x is 8to "k ! be/ t has be5 ?\ght & said 9 ! _w10 & he makes ?is idea cle>] by say+ 8culture is read+1 b read+ ) a purpose to guide x & ) sy/em40 ,he else:]e /ates1 8,culture is a /udy ( ! p]fection :i* consi/s 9 becom+ some?+ r ?an 9 hav+ some?+1 9 an inw>d condition ( ! m9d & _s1 n 9 an outw>d set ( circum/ances40 ,self-activity is call$ by ,sir ,william ,hamilton ! prim>y pr9ciple ( education4 ,by lov+ly read+ ! be/ books we may g on1 ye> aft] ye>1 giv+ ourselves a full] education ?an c be ga9$ 9 any univ]sity1 because x is life long2--et]nity long4 ,su* an education requires "t r ?an money & any "o :o has ! det]m9ation to improve himself1 may l ,sir ,william ,jones 8) ! =tune ( a peasant give himself ! education ( a pr9ce40 ,to read good books 9 a prop] mann] adds to life a *>m ^: inf9ite v>iety age _c )] nor cu/om /ale4 ,x 0 ,huxley1 ! man ( sci5ce :o said1 8lit]ature is ! greate/ ( all s\rces ( ref9$ pleasure & "o ( ! great uses ( a lib]al education is to enable u to enjoy t pleasure40 ,! ga9 is imm5se :5 we h le>n$ to l ! ?+s t are improv+ r ?an ^? t m]ely ent]ta94 ,! rem>k ( ,samuel ,royce t :5ev] intellectual pleasures are 9 ! asc5dant civilization progresses1 & :5ev] s5sual pleasures pr$om9ate civilization is on ! wane1 is z true ( ! individual z ( ! race4 ,! nations :i* h made an impression on hi/ory h done s by intellectual vigor & n by brute =ce4 ,x is ideas n arms t det]m9e de/9ies & books are ! vehicle ( ideas4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,classification ,,( ,,books4 ,! multitude ( books impresses on u ! %ortness ( human life1 & immortality nev] seems m desirable & necess>y ?an 9 ! pres5ce ( a libr>y4 ,! national libr>y ( ,france conta9s ab\t ?ree million books & ! ,briti% ,museum requires =ty miles ( %elves to accommodate its two million volumes4 ,! room :i* conta9s ! c>d catalogue ( ! n9e hundr$ ?\s& books ( ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y is z l>ge z ! entire space ( _m a village libr>y4 ,accord+ to ! purposes = :i* !y h be5 writt5 books may be divid$ broadly into ?ree classes4 ,9 ! fir/ place we h books int5d$ to convey in=mation4 ,?is class is v num]\s z x includes hi/ories1 biographies1 travels1 text books & works on te*nical subjects4 ,! second class comprises ^? writt5 to amuse1 & consi/s ma9ly ( works ( fiction4 ,?is is also num]\s1 = x con/itutes ! *ief m5tal n\ri%m5t ( ! great] numb] ( read]s4 ,x is e/imat$ t novels =m fully ?ree-f\r?s ( ! books issu$ by circulat+ libr>ies4 ,! la/ class is compos$ ( books writt5 to inspire1 to :i* belong works ( ! sacr$ writ]s & ( ! great poets4 ,su* books are comp>atively few 9 numb]1 b !y include mu* ( ! noble/ "w ( ! noble/ m5 :om ! _w has kn[n4 ,^! ?ree divisions are n sep>at$ by h>d & fa/ l9es2 ,haw?orne's ,m>ble ,faun1 = example1 at once ent]ta9s1 in=ms & inspires1 :ile1 =tunately = u all1 ! numb] ( books t amuse & at ! same "t in/ruct is suffici5t to supply pleasure & pr(it = ! longe/ life & ! mo/ v>i$ ta/es4 ,!re is ( c\rse /ill ano!r class ( books t are no books1 works ( ?is k9d f> outnumb] all ! o!rs put toge!r1 & x requires con/ant c>e 9 ord] to avoid !m4 8,?r[ away none ( y\r "t10 says ,"l ,*e/]field1 8^u ^? trivial futile books1 publi%$ = ! amusem5t ( idle & ignorant read]s2 su* sort ( books sw>m & buzz ab\t "o e day2 flop !m away1--!y h no /+40 ,rusk9 calls att5tion to ! diff]5ce betwe5 books writt5 to r5d] ?\ght p]man5t su* z great poems & hi/ories1 books ( all "t he calls !m1 & books writt5 m]ely = ! h\r1 ! useful or pleasant talk ( "s p]son y _c o!rwise conv]se )1 su* z travels & novels :i* he says are n books at all b m]ely lett]s or newspap]s 9 pr9t4 8,a book10 he says1 8is ess5tially n a talk$ ?+1 b a writt5 ?+2 & writt51 n ) ! view ( m]e communication1 b ( p]man5ce4 ,! book ( talk is pr9t$ only because its au?or _c speak to ?\s&s ( p at once2 if he c\ld1 he w\ld--! volume is m]e multiplication ( 8 voice4 ,y _c talk to y\r fri5d 9 ,india2 if y c\ld1 y w\ld2 y write in/ead2 t is m]e conveyance ( voice4 ,b a book is writt51 n to multiply ! voice m]ely1 n to c>ry x m]ely1 b to pres]ve x4 ,! au?or has some?+ to say :i* he p]ceives to be true & useful1 or helpfully beautiful4 ,9 ! sum ( 8 life he f9ds ?is to be ! ?+1 or gr\p ( ?+s1 manife/ to him3--?is is ! piece ( true k1 or sight1 :i* 8 %>e ( sun%9e & e>? has p]mitt$ him to seize4 ,he w\ld fa9 set x d[n =ev]2 engrave x on rock1 if he c\ld2 say+1 #8,?is is ! be/ ( me2 444 ?is ,i saw & knew2 ?is1 if any?+ ( m9e1 is wor? y\r memory4' ,t is 8 #8writ+'2 x is1 9 8 small human way1 & ) :atev] degree ( true inspiration is 9 him1 8 inscription1 or scripture4 ,t is a #8,book'40 ,de,quincey has made a v fam\s division ( books1 :i* ,i quote at l5g? because ?\gh (t5 ref]r$ to1 x is seldom se5 9 its entirety4 ,he says3 8,!re is ! lit]ature ( k & !re is ! lit]ature ( p[]4 ,! function ( ! fir/ is to tea*2 ! function ( ! second is to move4 ,! fir/ is a rudd]2 ! second1 an o> or a sail4 ,! fir/ speaks to ! m]e discursive und]/&+2 ! second speaks1 ultimately x may happ51 to ! high] und]/&+ or reason1 b always ?r\gh affections ( pleasure & sympa?y4 8,remotely1 x may travel t[>ds an object seat$ 9 :at ,"l ,bacon calls dry light2 b1 proximately1 x does & mu/ op]ate1 else x ceases to be a lit]ature ( p[]1 on & ?r\gh t humid light :i* clo!s itself 9 ! mi/s & glitt]+ iris ( human passions1 desire & g5ial emotions4 8,m5 h s little reflect$ on ! high] functions ( lit]ature1 z to f9d x a p>adox if "o %\ld describe x z a mean or subord9ate purpose ( books to give in=mation4 ,b ?is is a p>adox only 9 ! s5se :i* makes x honorable to be p>adoxical4 ,:5ev] we talk 9 ord9>y language ( seek+ in=mation1 or ga9+ k1 we und]/& ! words z connect$ ) some?+ ( absolute novelty4 ,b x is ! gr&eur ( all tru?1 :i* c occupy a v high place 9 human int]e/s1 t x is nev] absolutely novel 9 ! meane/ m9ds2 x exi/s et]nally by way ( g]m or lat5t pr9ciple 9 ! l[e/ z 9 ! highe/1 ne$+ to be develop$ b nev] plant$4 ,to be capable ( transplantation is ! imm$iate crit]ion ( a tru? t ranges on a l[] scale4 ,besides :i*1 !re is a r>] ?+ ?an tru?1 namely1 p[]1 or deep sympa?y ) tru?4 ,:at is ! effect1 = in/ance1 ^u society1 ( *ildr58 ,by ! pity1 by ! t5d]ness1 & by ! peculi> modes ( admiration1 :i* connect !mselves ) ! helplessness1 ) ! innoc5ce1 & ) ! simplicity ( *ildr51 n only are ! primal affections /r5g!n$ & cont9ually r5ew$1 b ! qualities :i* are de>e/ 9 ! sight ( heav5--! frailty1 = in/ance1 :i* appeals to =be>ance1 ! innoc5ce :i* symbolizes ! heav5ly1 & ! simplicity :i* is mo/ ali5 f ! worldly1 are kept up 9 p]petual remembrance1 & _! ideals are cont9ually refre%$4 ,a purpose ( ! same nature is answ]$ by ! high] lit]ature1 viz3--! lit]ature ( p[]4 8,:at d y le>n f ,p>adise ,lo/8 ,no?+ at all4 ,:at d y le>n f a cook]y-book8 ,some?+ new--some?+ t y did n "k be=e1 9 e p>agraph4 ,b w\ld y !re=e put ! wret*$ cook]y-book on a high] level ( e/imation ?an ! div9e poem8 ,:at y owe to ,milton is n any k1 ( :i* a million sep>ate items are /ill b a million ( advanc+ /eps on ! same e>?ly level2 :at y owe is p[]1 t is ex]cise & expansion to y\r own lat5t capacity ( sympa?y ) ! inf9ite1 :]e e pulse & ea* sep>ate influx is a /ep upw>ds--a /ep asc5d+ z ^u a ,jacob's ladd] f e>? to my/]i\s altitudes above ! e>?4 ,all ! /eps ( k1 f fir/ to la/1 c>ry y fur!r on ! same plane1 b c\ld nev] raise y "o foot above y\r anci5t level ( e>?3 :]eas ! v fir/ /ep 9 p[] is a flight--is an asc5d+ movem5t into ano!r elem5t :]e e>? is =gott540 ,! v]dict ( "t is nev] wrong4 ,books t delight$ g5]ations ( m5 h done s because ( real m]it & ^! are ! books t h embodi$ ! life ?\ght ( great m54 ,%all[ books no matt] h[ brilliant !y may be are %ort-liv$4 ,! be/ ?\ghts ( ! be/ m5 endure 9 books t are true to human exp]i5ce irrespective ( ! c5tury 9 :i* !y 7 writt54 ,an au?or is great 9 proportion z he p]ceives ! univ]sally true 9 life4 ,! books :i* d u good are ! s9c]e books1 ^? :i* are true 9 ! highe/ s5se ( ! ^w :i* give noble & *e]ful ideas ( life1 :i* make u respect human nature1 books writt5 by m5 :o h a helpful message = _! fell[ /ruggl]s4 ,!re are books :i* m>k epo*s 9 ! progress ( ! _w j z ! discov]y ( ,am]ica & ! inv5tion ( pr9t+ d1 & ! read+ ( a book sometimes m>ks an epo* 9 life4 ,great is ! joy ( meet+ a real book by a ?\ghtful man4 ,keats wrote on fir/ look+ into ,*apman's ,hom]3-- 8,!n felt ,i l "s wat*] ( ! skies ,:5 a new planet swims into 8 k5 ,or l /\t ,cortes :5 ) eagle eyes ,he />$ at ! ,pacific--& all 8 m5 ,look$ at ea* o!r ) a wild surmise-- ,sil5t1 ^u a peak 9 ,d>i540 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,poetry4 ,poetry is ! fl[] ( lit]ature1 ! mo/ p]fect utt]ance ( ! human m9d 9 no o!r ( 8 works does man s ne>ly approa* ! ,div9e1 s t 9 e age ! poet has be5 reg>d$ z ! inspir$ m\?piece ( ,god4 ,! prophet 0 ! =? tell] n m]ely ! =etell] & 8 message comm&$ att5tion & respect z com+ f a p[] above ! speak]4 ,:atev] may be said to ! contr>y !re /ill rema9s ! fact t ! greate/ & noble/ ?\ghts :i* h ev] occupi$ ! m9d ( man h f\nd _! highe/ & mo/ p]man5t expression 9 poetry1 ! outw>d =m ( :i* diff]+ f ! language ( daily life is at once ! accompanim5t & indication ( ! dignity ( a great idea4 ,wordswor? calls poetry ! brea? & f9] _s ( all k4 ,to ! "q1 8,:at is a poet80 he replies1 8,he is a man speak+ to m52 a man1 x is true1 end[$ ) m lively s5sibility1 m en?usiasm & t5d]ness1 :o has a great] k ( human nature1 & a m compreh5sive ,s\l ?an are suppos$ to be common among mank9d4 ,to ^! qualities he has add$ a disposition to be affect$ m ?an o!r m5 by abs5t ?+s z if !y 7 pres5t40 ,poetry is life cry/aliz$ into lit]ature1 its value is 9 its et]nal tru?1 9 its univ]sal adaptation to ! high] ne$s ( our nature4 ,x is because we f9d 9 poetry :at we h obs]v$ b c\ld n =mulate = ourselves t x impresses u s deeply4 ,george ,eliot said ( ,wordswor?'s poems1 8,i nev] be=e met ) s _m ( my own feel+s express$ j z ,i %\ld l !m40 8,!re is "s awe mix$ ) ! joy ( our surprise10 wrote ,em]son1 8:5 ?is poet1 :o liv$ 9 "s pa/ _w1 two or ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago1 says t :i* lies close to my own ,s\l1 t :i* ,i also _h well-nigh ?\ght & said40 ,l[ell ?\ght t ! highe/ (fice ( a great poet is to %[ u h[ mu* v>iety1 fre%ness1 & opportunity abides 9 ! obvi\s & ! famili>4 ,great poets h conc5trat$ 9 _! works ! ?\ght ( an age4 ,glad/one says t ! poems ( ,hom] con/itute a _w ( _! own4 8,! /udy ( him is n a m]e matt] ( lit]>y criticism1 b is a full /udy ( life 9 e "o ( its dep>tm5ts40 ,poetry has some:at ! same relation to prose t a l&scape pa9t$ by ,corot be>s to a photograph ( ! same sc5e4 ,x is tru? idealiz$4 ,! poets tea* u to admire beauties 9 nature t we h (t5 look$ at b nev] p]ceiv$4 ,if x 7 n = ,scott few p w\ld "k ( ,lo* ,katr9e4 ,!re is j z beautiful sc5]y else:]e1 b we are wait+ = ! poets to %[ x to u4 ,sometimes ! poets compress _! obs]vations ( life & ( ! work+ ( ! _s ( man into words :i* embody a great tru? 9 a little space4 8,jewels five words long t on ! /ret*'d =ef+] ( all ,"t sp>kle =ev]40 ,(t5 ! poets produce an impression or make a picture by ! use or a s+le appropriate ^w1 z :5 ,t5nyson says ! cl\d sm\ld]s on ! cliff4 ,he is ma/] ( ! art ( call+ up m5tal images by allusions to color1 s\nd & smell1 & he c>efully *ooses f 8 enorm\s vocabul>y ! exact ^w to produce ! desir$ effect4 ,l[ell ?\ght t ! real lit]>y g5ius /or$ up ! apt or pleas+ ^w1 & ,rusk9 said1 8he is ! be/ poet :o c by ! fewe/ words t\* ! greate/ numb] ( secret *ords ( ?\ght 9 8 read]'s own m9d1 & set !m to "w 9 _! own way40 ,! inspiration & delight d]iv$ f famili>ity ) ! be/ poetry is "o ( ! mo/ preci\s results ( culture4 ,m ?an any o!r "w ( man poetry helps u to *]i% ! ideal & we look to our ideals to c\nt]act ! h>dness ( our daily life1 to /r5g!n & uplift u4 ,to read a great poet = a few m9utes e day raises "o out ( ! commonplace4 ,mat!w ,arnold1 :o 0 "o ( ! h>de/ work$ m5 ( 8 "t1 us$ to read a hundr$ l9es or m ( ! ,odyssey be=e he w5t to b$4 ,he said t 8,good poetry does und\bt$ly t5d to =m ! ,s\l & "*2 x t5ds to beget a love ( beauty & ( tru? 9 alliance toge!r2 x sugge/s h[ev] indirectly high & noble pr9ciples ( action1 & x inspires ! emotions helpful 9 mak+ pr9ciples op]ative10 & he add$1 8,we h to turn to poetry to int]pret life = u1 to console u1 to su/a9 u40 ,x is "o ( ! =tunate miracles ( lit]ature t s mu* ( ! v be/ poetry is also )9 ! compreh5sion ( ! humble/ und]/&+4 ,_m ( ! poems :i* h be5 ! delight & consolation ( m5 ( ! greate/ m5tal capacities h also ! p[] to enc\rage & uplift ^? ( f> l[] abilities4 ,! ,psalms ( ,david1 = example1 h heights & dep?s :i* h made !m ! inspiration ( m5 ( all classes 9 all ages4 ,progress 9 ! und]/&+ ( ! poets is ! result ( read+ :i*1 beg9n+ ) ^? t are easie/ to compreh5d1 goes on ) increas+ p[] to ^?1 :o1 l ,wordswor?1 are philosophical & deep & ^?1 :o1 l ,br[n+1 pres5t p>ticul> difficulties ! ov]com+ ( :i* is rew>d$ by a va/ weal? ( inspir+ ?\ght4 ,mat!w ,arnold1 :o speaks ) au?ority on ^! subjects says1 8,con/antly 9 read+ poetry a s5se ( ! be/1 ! really excell5t1 & ( ! /r5g? & joy to be drawn f x1 %\ld be pres5t 9 our m9ds1 & %\ld gov]n our e/imate ( :at we read40 & he rem>ks ( ! poet t1 8if he is a real classic1 if 8 "w belongs to ! class ( ! v be/ 7= ?is is ! true & "r mean+ ( ! ^w1 classic1 classical71 !n ! great ?+ = u is to feel & enjoy 8 "w z deeply z ev] we c1 & to appreciate ! wide diff]5ce betwe5 x & all "w :i* has n ! same high "*4 ,?is is :at is salut>y1 ?is is :at is =mative1 ?is is ! great b5efit to be got f ! /udy ( poetry40 ,x is n to be expect$ t at ! fir/ read+ y c see all ! beauties t a ^w-pa9t] l ,t5nyson sp5t ye>s 9 elaborat+4 ,a ma/]piece _c be read too c>efully nor too (t54 ,to appreciate a great picture l ! ,si/9e ,madonna1 y mu/ return to x aga9 & aga9 & let its graci\s sweetness s9k into y\r s\l4 ,x is s t y mu/ /udy a great poem4 ,h5ce x foll[s naturally t !re is great culture value 9 /or+ ! memory ) noble poems4 ,:ile we %\ld n g s f> z to say ) ,rusk9 t no poetry is wor? read+ :i* is n wor? le>n+ by he>t1 !re is an inspiration 9 adorn+ our m9ds ) z mu* z we c le>n accurately f ! great poets2 & ?is inspiration is d]iv$ especially f ! poetry we h kn[n & lov$ 9 y\?1 :i* has1 f its v associations1 a /r5g? & sweetness t no o!r c h4 8,_m a noble poem10 says ,h5ry ,pancoa/1 8e>ly acquir$ by a pure ef=t ( ! memory & at fir/ b dimly und]/ood1 has gradually work$ its way into ! hidd5 dep?s ( a *ild's consci\s life1 reveal+ its full p[] & beauty only by sl[ degrees1 & elevat+1 quick5+1 & enl>g+ 8 _s 9 secrecy & 9 sil5ce40 ,poetry z ! true/ expression ( ! life & morals ( an age is at once a prophecy & a hi/ory4 ,a prophecy z indicat+ t to :i* ! nation w\ld aspire--a hi/ory z a record ( ! fact ( pa/ aspiration4 ,concrete individual fact has little significance to poetry except z ! manife/ation ( an idea or ( a univ]sal tru?4--,! poet is ! embodim5t ( 8 age & 8 era & a full und]/&+ ( 8 poetry gives u an insight into ! v he>t ( !m4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,biography4 ,great poetry is ! expression ( ! spiritual life1 n ( ! poet m]ely1 b ( ! poet 9 8 capacity ( =?tell] ( :at is div9e & univ]sal 9 human life4 ,hi/ory deals ) ! life & actions & motives ( m5 9 a p>ticul> age & treats ( human a*ievem5ts & relations1 & ( _! causes & effects4 ,bo? ,poetry & ,hi/ory are 9 a s5se imp]sonal1 be+ conc]n$ n s mu* ) individuals z su*1 z ) ! ideals t[>d :i* or ! ideas ) :i* m5 live _! lives & d _! "w4 ,x is biography to :i* we turn = ! mo/ intimate & detail$ p]sonal k ( a p>ticul> great man :o may h be5 ! poet ^: l9es h met response 9 e he>t or ! writ] ^: m9d has guid$ a nation4 ,z deal+ ) life itself biography may well be reg>d$ z "o ( ! important divisions ( lit]ature4 ,x may be & usually is f\nd to belong 9 bo? classes1 ! lit]ature ( k1 & ! lit]ature ( p[]4 ,!re is a directness ab\t a great biography t causes u to feel p]sonally acqua9t$ ) ! subject ( x4 8,! great man10 says ,c>lyle1 8does 9 good tru?1 belong to 8 own age--nay1 m s ?an any o!r man2 be+ prop]ly ! synopsis & epitome ( su* age ) its int]e/s & influ5ces2 b belongs likewise to all ages1 o!rwise he is n great4 ,:at 0 transitory 9 him passes away & an immortal "p rema9s1 ! significance ( :i* is 9 /rict spee* inexhau/ible--z t ( e real object is4 ,al(t1 conspicu\s1 on 8 endur+ basis1 he /&s !re1 s]5e1 unalt]+2 sil5tly addresses to e new g5]ation a new lesson & monition4 ,well is 8 life wor? writ+1 wor? int]pret+2 & ev]1 9 ! new dialect ( new times1 ( rewrit+ & re9t]pret+20 & he adds1 8z ! highe/ ,gospel 0 a ,biography1 s is ! ,life ( e good man /ill an indubitable ,gospel40 ,!re is an obvi\s simil>ity betwe5 ! biography ( a great man by a great man & ! portrait ( a great man by a great arti/4 ,! ,national ,portrait ,gall]y 9 ,london makes real to u ! m5 :o h be5 ,engl&'s glory 9 peace & w>4 ,no "o c leave x aft] look+ on ! faces ( ,glad/one & ,t5nyson & ,sir ,john ,frankl9 & ! hundr$s ( o!rs :o scorn$ delights & liv$ labori\s days )\t hav+ a high] e/imate ( humanity & be+ n]v$ to new ef=ts1 & we may obta9 ! same effect 9 a m detail$ mann] by read+ ! be/ biographies4 ,! numb] ( great m5 :o are alive at any "o "t is small1 & !y are too mu* occupi$ to see any b ^? :o h important bus9ess ) !m1 b we may /udy !m at our leisure 9 _! biographies1 & g ov] ! ev5ts ( ye>s 9 a few h\rs4 ,a k ( ! life ( an au?or always adds int]e/ to ! p]usal ( 8 books & is frequ5tly ( value 9 expla9+ !m4 ,! /udy ( ! noble life 9 connection ) ! works ( ! noble m9d is "o ( ! be/ f\ndations = lib]al culture4 ,consid] ! influ5ce ( an acqua9tance ) ! entire works ( ,longfell[ or ,l[ell1 read 9 connection ) ! life ( ! =m] by 8 bro!r1 or ) ! biography ( ! latt] by ,scudd]4 ,to "k ! atmosph]e :i* surr\nd$ su* m51 ! ?+s t[>ds :i* _! int]e/ w5t out1 ! s\rces f :i* !y drew _! inspiration1 ! way 9 :i* ! common exp]i5ces ( life1 s famili> to u all grew beautiful "u _! poetic imag9ation2 a famili>ity ) all ^! ?+s w elevate a man's :ole life4 ,! light too :i* is ?r[n by biography on ! conduct ( life is v great4 ,!ory1 philosophiz+1 op9ions1 reason+1 are ( little wor? :5 comp>$ ) ! actual facts ( ! life ( a man :o has atta9$ di/9ction 9 any dep>tm5t ( human a*ievem5t4 ,read+ ( ?is k9d tea*es u t *ance is only to a small ext5t an elem5t ( success1 t no?+ is atta9$ by ! brighte/ m9ds )\t t inf9ite pati5ce & labor :i* 9 itself is g5ius4 ,to ?9k ( ! brave way 9 :i* su* m5 met ! trials t !y 7 call$ ^u to endure is a mo/ heal?ful rem$y = w>p$ & selfi% ideas ( life4 ,take ! life ( ,scott by ,lockh>t2 note ! dome/ic ta/es ( ! au?or ( ,wav]ly1 8 k9dly int]e/ 9 ! humble/ p]sons ar\nd him1 ! h]oic way 9 :i* he n]v$ himself to meet s+le-h&$ ! ov]:elm+ cata/rophe ( ! failure ( ,con/able1 ! way 9 :i*1 :ile /ruggl+ ) physical weaknesses t w\ld h r5d]$ ano!r consci\s only ( 8 own suff]+s1 he reta9$ 8 simplicity & g5tle ?\ghtfulness = o!rs1--all ^! lessons may be le>n$ f t noble biography4 ,we %\ld take a sympa!tic int]e/ 9 ! lives ( high-m9d$ m51 & note h[ 9 spite ( ob/acles & failures !y h accompli%$ _! purposes & h[ "s h be5 great because !y nobly tri$ & 9 spite ( ! fact t !y nobly fail$4 ,no?+ is m helpful ?an to see t our ills are n peculi> to ourselves1 b t o!rs h ov]come ! same difficulties t are p]plex+ u4 ,biography tea*es u to look at life f _m po9ts ( view4 ,9 read+ biography1 said ,dr4 ,&rew ,peabody1 8,i f9d myself translat+ a life unlike :at m9e c ev] be into t]ms ( my own life1 %ap+ f x analogies1 equival5ts1 & p>allels = my own aims & endeavors1 /udy+ modes ( embody+ its und]ly+ pr9ciples 9 =ms1 x may be ( :i* he ^: exp]i5ce sugge/s !m c\ld nev] h dream$40 ,le>n to make a di/9ction betwe5 ! ess5tial & fundam5tal *>act]i/ics ( a great man & su* gossipy details z :at he _h = breakfa/ & h[ he wore 8 hair4 8,x is ! great error ( ?\ghtless biograph]s10 says ,rusk91 8to attribute to ! accid5t :i* introduces "s new phase ( "*1 all ! circum/ances ( "* :i* gave ! accid5t importance40 ,:5 a great man has writt5 ! /ory ( 8 own life ! result is a book ( d\ble value4 ,em]son & ,george ,eliot agre$ 9 consid]+ ! ,confessions ( ,r\sseau ! mo/ int]e/+ book !y _h ev] read4 ,frankl9's ,autobiography is a model ( ke5 & accurate obs]vation express$ 9 ! cle>e/ & simple/ language4 ,boswell's ,life ( ,johnson is commonly consid]$ ! be/ biography 9 ! language4 ,( ?is & ,lockh>t's ,scott ,phillips ,brooks says t !y are 8wor?y to be read & re-read1 & read aga9 by all m5 :o want to keep _! manhood heal?y1 broad & brave1 & true40 ,,*apt] ,,ix4 ,,hi/ory4 ,! object ( hi/ory is to tell u n only :at happ5$ b ! causes & results ( :at happ5$1 & ?is leads ! hi/orian into almo/ e field ( human int]e/4 ,he deals1 to be sure1 ) facts1 z f> z he is able to asc]ta9 !m1 b 8 g5]alizations & int]pretations ( facts are an important "p ( 8 "w4 ,! hi/orian mu/ ab&on prejudice1 preconception & pr$ilection ( e k9d4 ,he mu/ deal ) ! p1 _! ideas1 developm5t & social movem5ts z well z ) ! incid5ts ( w> & =eign relations & ! actions & influ5ce ( great m5 ^: ag5cy 9 %ap+ ! progress ( ev5ts is (t5 ov]-e/imat$4 ,z ev]y?+ :i* passes ?r\gh ! human m9d is necess>ily color$ m or less by ! p>ticul> m9d ?r\gh :i* x passes1 we f9d t ! hi/ory ( ! same p dur+ ! same p]iod w n seem 9 all respects to be id5tical :5 pres5t$ by diff]5t hi/orians4 ,macaulay & ,c>lyle1 ea* ( :om wrote hi/ory ) extraord9>y brilliancy1 pres5t to u pictures ( ! times ( :i* !y wrote t = int]e/ are wond]ful b = accuracy are 9 _m respects less valuable ?an ! hi/ories writt5 by au?ors ( less ability4 ,psy*ologi/s tell u t ! *ief use ( ! /udy ( hi/ory is to tra9 ! judgm5t4 ,x has o!r uses1 h[ev]1 :i* :ile n s ess5tial f ! viewpo9t ( ! psy*ologi/1 are important 9 _! be>+ on ! developm5t ( ! individual4 ,! bread? ( view :i* comes f a k ( ! relations ( m5 9 ano!r p]iod or l& helps u 9 ! und]/&+ ( ! affairs ( our own nation or community 9 our own day4 ,human /ruggles1 a*ievem5ts or ev5 failures mu/ ev] int]e/ ! ?\ghtful man & ! rise1 progress & decl9e or success ( great movem5ts 9 ano!r age enables u to judge intellig5tly ( simil> or o!r movem5ts go+ on ab\t u4 ,n>r[ness & bigotry w ev] exi/ ev5 among m5 :o are 9 int5tion p]fectly s9c]e & hone/1 b ! man :o is n>r[ & bigot$ 9 reg>d to any subject because ( ignorance ( hi/ory or unwill+ness to asc]ta9 ! full facts is di%one/ to himself4 ,hi/ory is "o ( ! mo/ enlight5+ ( /udies & its effect ^u daily conduct if rightly view$ may be su* z to lead m5 to a wid] & full] application ( ! ,gold5 ,rule4 ,9 fact mu* ( :at ! hi/orian is call$ ^u to record has a direct relation to ! ,gold5 ,rule or r to ! frequ5t failure ( m5 to obs]ve x4 ,to ! dev\t m9d ! work+ ( ,god 9 hi/ory is cle>ly %[n1 & ! d[nfall ( nations may be trac$ 9 _m in/ances to a decl9e 9 religi\s e>ne/ness & to a consequ5t l[]+ ( moral /&>ds4 ,! ?\ght t human hi/ory f ! beg9n+ has be5 "o cont9u\s & progressive :ole )\t a break or int]mission ( any k9d is an idea = ! cle> expression & emphasiz+ ( :i* we are greatly indebt$ to ,?omas ,arnold4 ,! hi/ories ( ,greece & ,rome are our hi/ories1 = f !m has come ! glori\s h]itage ( ?\ght & social organization :i* we h 9 _! lit]ature & 9 ,roman law4 ,all facts 9 hi/ory are 9 "s way relat$1 ?\gh we (t5 lose ! connection ?r\gh ignorance ( int]v5+ facts or ev5ts1 or ?r\gh lack ( k ( ev5 :ole c5turies ( human life & /ruggle4 ,! ,old ,te/am5t reg>d$ z actual human hi/ory is a s]ies ( docum5ts pulsat+ ) ! v life & he>tbeats ( real m54 ,x is no dry !ology or book ap>t f great movem5ts ( mank9d4 ,x is ! liv+ record ( "o "p ( our race4 ,hi/ory int]prets = u ! pres5t & enables u to pr$ict ! future4 ,x %[s t !re are laws :i* gov]n human relation%ips & t a k ( ^! laws w enable u to judge :at is likely to come to pass4 ,a /udy ( ! me?od pursu$ by ! m5 :o h writt5 great hi/ories reveals to u ! dilig5ce ( inve/igation1 ! labor to secure accuracy1 ! c>e to be imp>tial obs]v]s t mu/ *>act]ize ! writ]s ( hi/ory z we n[ und]/& x4 ,an important "p ( ! "w ( a mod]n hi/orian consi/s 9 weigh+ & int]pret+ ! /atem5ts ( writ]s ( long ago :o are (t5 ! only s\rce we h ( in=mation conc]n+ ! ?+s ( :i* !y wrote4 ,no s\rce ( in=mation is to be ignor$4 ,an inscription on a co9 may unfold a /ory to ! pati5t se>*] = hi/orical k2 an ,etruscan tomb may modify our und]/&+ ( a passage ( e>ly ,roman hi/ory2 a visit to ! sc5e ( "o ( ,caes>'s battles may give u an entirely diff]5t idea ( ! great g5]al's acc\nt ( x4 ,john ,fiske said t 8,! real hi/ory ( a p includes ev]y?+ ab\t !m & is !re=e an aggregate ( innum]able facts4 ,x is impossible & undesirable to pres5t all ^! facts or a million? "p ( !m & s hi/ory mu/ be a selection f inf9ite details4 ,hi/oric facts are n ( equal value & ! hi/orian fixes ^u ^? only :i* he ?9ks w help him %[ ! great] features ( a p's orig91 rise1 progress & vicissitudes4 ,x is desirable to h at comm& ! m important facts ( hi/ory1 b ! mo/ preci\s ?+ hi/ory has to (f] may be miss$ by "o :o is *iefly employ$ 9 memoriz+ x4 ,:5 hi/ory is view$ z an assemblage ( unrelat$ facts1 conqu]+ x naturally takes ! =m ( committ+ x to memory4 ,:5 x is look$ ^u z a developm5t--a *a9 ( causes & effects--x appeals m directly to ! reason & ! und]/&+4 ,mo/ ( hi/ory we mu/ =get1 b we %\ld /rive to reta9 some?+ ( int]e/ 9 read+ hi/ory1 some?+ ( p[] 9 foll[+ up a l9e ( ord9>y inve/igation1 some?+ ( a disposition to seek = ! und]ly+ causes ( ev5ts1 some?+ ( a grasp ( ! mighti] t5d5cies & movem5ts ( hi/ory t makes x a tea*] ( ! pres5t out ( ! weal? ( its pa/40 ,hi/ory z conta9$ 9 ! biographies ( repres5tative m5 is bo? delightful & pr(itable read+4 ,montaigne tells u t 8! only good hi/ories are ^? t are writt5 by su* z comm&$ or 7 imploid !mselves 9 weighty affaires or t 7 p>tn]s 9 ! conduct ( !m1 or t at lea/ h _h ! =tune to manage o!rs ( l qualitie40 ,our lit]ature is especially ri* 9 biographies & autobiographies ( m5 prom95t 9 ,am]ican hi/ory1 su* z ,wa%+ton1 ,frankl9 & ,l9coln1 & 9 p]sonal memoirs su* z ^? ( ,grant1 ,%]man1 ,%]idan1 ,john/on & ,long/reet4 ,! acc\nts ( ! ,civil ,w> by ! ,nor!rn & ,s\!rn comm&]s =m a valuable ex]cise ( ! judgm5t = !y %[ h[ honorable m5 may look at a "q f diff]5t po9ts ( view4 ,su* read+ %\ld tea* self reliance & confid5ce z well z mode/y & fairm9d$ness4 ,"o %\ld fir/ read a %ort & reliable book1 &1 aft] he has obta9$ a k ( ! c\rse ( ev5ts1 exp& x by read+ long] works & by mak+ a comp>ison ( au?orities4 ,/udy ! hi/ory ( our own c\ntry1 b d n =get t x _c be p]fectly und]/ood )\t /udy+ t ( o!r c\ntries & especially t ( ,engl&4 ,/ud5ts ( hi/ory consid] t ,roman hi/ory unites ! anci5t _w to ! mod]n2 ,fr5* hi/ory is ! /ory ( civilization f ! twelf? to ! eighte5? c5tury1 ,european hi/ory c5tres 9 ,fr5* hi/ory4 ,we may sometimes get an excell5t idea ( hi/ory f a hi/orical novel su* z ,! ,virg9ians or ,! ,sc>let ,lett]1 = su* works give u a picture ( social conditions ( ! times ) great hi/orical *>act]s appe>+ usually1 if at all1 9 ! backgr\nd or sett+ ( ! /ory4 ,,*apt] ,x4 ,,fiction4 ,fiction :i* includes two closely relat$ =ms1 ! novel or romance & ! drama1 has two functions2 ! m important be+ ! int]pret+ & reflect+ ( life1 ! hold+ ( ! mirror up to nature1 z ,hamlet call$ x1 & ! giv+ ( pleasure z a result ( ! pres5tation4 ,! romance :i* may be 9 ! =m ( a novel or ( a drama diff]s f ! ord9>y novel z *iefly 9 deal+ ) ! unusual & improbable1 includ+ ! sup]natural4 ,! novel p]=ms to-day a great "p ( :at ! drama p]=m$ practically alone 9 ! days ( ,elizabe? & ,james4 ,! close relation ( ! drama & ! novel is se5 9 ! fact t ! same /ory may be told 9 bo? =ms & x is common to-day to see a successful novel pres5t$ z a drama on ! /age :ile on ! o!r h&1 novels h sometimes be5 writt5 f plays4 ,! novel & ! drama are class$ z fiction because !y pres5t pictures t are usually n repres5tations ( actual fact1 b no novel or drama is wor?y ( consid]ation :i* is untrue to :at might happ5 9 human life or to ! great ess5tial tru?s ( human relation%ips4 ,?is is n a di/9ction betwe5 moral & immoral novels & dramas1 = an immoral book may be true to facts 9 human exp]i5ce1 b !y are ! facts ( pa?ological conditions & n ( heal?4 ,an immoral book is "o 9 :i* vice is made attractive & evil is condon$ & unpuni%$4 ,! ,elizabe?an drama nev] made vice triumphant & ! s9n] always 0 made to pay ! j p5alty = 8 s94 ,! drama ( ! ,re/oration1 n>r[] 9 human int]e/ ?an t ( ! ,elizabe?ans1 diff]$ f ! latt] notably 9 ! attitude t[>ds vice2 sacr$ relation%ips 7 matt]s ( je/ by ! dissolute c\rti]s & _! foll[]s & vice 0 objectionable only :5 f\nd out4 ,:5 our ideas ( "r & wrong are confus$ & our conceptions ( morality und]m9$ by a book1 x is to be avoid$1 = x c only d u h>m4 ,no good book ev] makes s9 respectable ?\gh x may ( necessity pres5t sc5es 9 :i* disreputable *>act]s appe>2 "o ( ! greate/ examples ( ?is is ,vanity ,fair4 ,ke5] obs]v]s ?an we are1 :o saw deep] into ! inn] work+s ( human nature h describ$ 9 novels ! op]ations & consequ5ces ( love1 hate1 av>ice1 rev5ge & o!r emotions :i* are always likely to move ! he>t4 ,x is !re=e ( ! utmo/ importance t :5 we read fiction we %\ld read none except t writt5 by ma/]s :o really did und]/& ! s\l ( man1 = :5 we read books by inf]ior obs]v]s we get w>p$ & false ideas4 ,9 giv+ impressions ( life ! novel possesses a great advantage ov] biography1 because1 out ( respect = ! memory ( ! dead & ! feel+s ( ! liv+1 ! t5d5cy ( biography is to omit or to subdue h>% exp]i5ces1 s t books l ! ,confessions ( ,r\sseau :i* describe ! deepe/ work+s & weaknesses ( ! he>t ( a real man are exce$+ly r>e4 ,treat+ ( imag9>y *>act]s1 ! noveli/ may describe :at he actually sees )\t fe> ( hurt+ ! feel+s ( anyone4 ,! t5d5cy ( _m novels to conv5tionalize life & to express 9 set phrases ! t5d]e/ emotions is ano!r reason :y we %\ld read no fiction b t :i* is true to life4 ,we may occasionally be oblig$ to read = in=mation a book writt5 by an inf]ior au?or b !re is no excuse = read+ any novels b ^? ( ! highe/ class4 ,we %\ld "q fiction %>ply z to its effect ^u our natures2 if x does n h a :olesome & uplift+ influ5ce1 no am\nt ( int]e/ t x possesses %\ld entitle x to consid]ation4 ,:5 y read fiction read t writt5 by ! ma/]s1 l ,scott1 ,dick5s1 ,?ack]ay & ,george ,eliot4 ,read ! great novels t ! judgm5t ( ! _w has pron\nc$ ( p]man5t value b d n =m "o ( ! l>ge class ^: *ief inspiration is d]iv$ f ! la/ new novel4 ,! new book t e "o is talk+ ab\t w probably be =gott5 9 six mon?s b ,ivanhoe1 ,h5ry ,esmond1 ,david ,copp]field1 & ,romola w la/ z long z ! ,engli% language4 ,!re are "s classic /ories l ,rob9son ,crusoe1 ,gulliv]'s ,travels & ,! ,arabian ,nights to :i* con/ant ref]5ce is made & ) :i* e educat$ p]son is expect$ to be famili>4 ,to keep up ) ! flood ( mod]n fiction is impossible4 ,!re is a great ga9 if we c f9d amusem5t 9 read+ books :i* in=m z well z ent]ta94 ,pref] fact to fiction4 ,few are indiff]5t to ! pa?os ( ,dick5s & ,?ack]ay b !re is a *ord t\*$ 9 read+ ( ! actual h]oism ( brave m5 & wom5 :i* no imag9>y "* c affect s /rongly4 ,:5 we read poor ,de,long's record1 9 ! mid/ ( t t]rible ,arctic w9t] on ! ,jeannette1 8= myself1 ,i am do+ all ,i c to make myself tru/$ & respect$1 & ,i ?9k ,i succe$1 ,i try to be g5tle b firm 9 correct+ any?+ ,i see wrong1 & always calm & self-possess$40 we are mov$ by a real human sympa?y4 ,yet x is "o ( ! miracles ( ! ma/]s ( fiction t !y make _! *>act]s s real to u4 ,l[ell said he knew ! s\nd ( ,squire ,we/on's voice2 & = _m p ,bak] ,/reet1 ,london1 is m def9ite z a l&m>k z ! resid5ce ( ! imag9>y ,%]lock ,holmes ?an ( ! real ,mrs4 ,siddons4 ,,*apt] ,,xi4 ,,libr>ies ,,& ,,! ,,c>e ,,( ,,books4 ,we d n get ! mo/ out ( a book unless we own x2 we _c take a p]sonal int]e/ 9 borr[$ books1 &1 al?\gh x pleases ,mr4 ,augu/9e ,birrell to ?9k ( ! ?\s&s ( ?umbs t h turn$ ov] its pages ) delight1 x is difficult really to "k a libr>y book ) its soil$ pages1 batt]$ cov] & ! date :5 x mu/ be return$ imp5d+ l ! ,day ( ,judgm5t4 ,!re is ! same diff]5ce betwe5 a book t y own & a libr>y book t !re is betwe5 a home & a hotel2 ! "o is /amp$ ) ! individuality ( its own]1 ! o!r is common prop]ty4 ,x is pleasant to h a feel+ ( proprietor%ip 9 ! great m5 ( ! pa/ & to speak ( my ,hom] or my ,%akespe>e4 ,h[ close x br+s u to a man :5 we possess a book ) 8 autograph or book-plate 9 x1 or :i*1 bett] /ill1 he has read & m>k$4 ,if = in/ance1 we own$ ,l[ell's ,don ,quixote ) ! notes writt5 on its m>g9 9 repeat$ read+s f :i* he drew ! mat]ial = 8 fam\s address1 :at an inspiration x w\ld be4 ,! books t y skim y may borr[4 ,if y buy !m !y w take up room on y\r %elves t may be m pr(itably employ$2 b ! books t y wi% to read aga9 & aga91 to pond] ov] & to /udy y mu/ own4 ,y may h a libr>y full ( books1 b :at y really are is det]m9$ by t "p ( !m :i* y h read & laid to he>t4 ,yet ! unconsci\s tuition ( books has a real value1 we le>n to love !m by hav+ !m ab\t u4 ,m]ely to surr\nd ourselves ) great books & ) ! portraits ( ^? :o h writt5 !m has a ref9+ influ5ce z con/ant z x is unnotic$4 ,t ! essay ( ,em]son or ! poem ( ,longfell[ is :]e y c lay y\r h& on x1 t ! k9dly faces ( ! writ]s look d[n on y f ! wall1 associations su* z ^! sweet5 & elevate life4 ,al?\gh !re is a luxuri\s beauty ab\t an elegant edition t is n to be lightly e/eem$1 !re is a satisfaction 9 kn[+ t we c d]ive z mu* food = ?\ght f a *eap ,%akespe>e z f a fir/ folio4 ,! true/ book-lov]s are ^? :o love ! ?\ghts t ! books conta94 ,complete editions ( /&>d au?ors are ! be/ to own4 ,! pr9t %\ld be l>ge & ! books easy to hold & to op54 ,if edit$ at all1 ! "w %\ld be done by a compet5t s*ol>4 ,x takes a great deal ( edit+ to spoil a classic1 b n[adays !re is too mu* edit+1 too mu* ?9k+ is done = u4 ,dr4 ,johnson ?\ght t books t y may c>ry to ! fire & hold readily 9 y\r h& are ! mo/ useful4 ,! durability ( ! lett] z well z ! _s ( a book is n[adays too (t5 disreg>d$4 ,publi%]s recognize h[ mu* a /rik+ ext]ior has to d ) ! sale ( a book & pay m att5tion to mak+ x attractive ?an durable4 ,9 =m] times m5 _h m respect = books4 ,! vellum b\nd volumes ( ?ree hundr$ ye>s ago w be 9 good condition long aft] ! books ( to-day h come to pieces & be5 ?r[n away4 ,if x be true t ! degree ( civilization ( a p may be measur$ by its respect = its dead1 x is no less true t ! ref9em5t ( a h\sehold may be e/imat$ by its c>e = its books4 ,"s m5 ( lett]s1 h[ev]1 h be5 rem>kable = _! ill-treatm5t ( books4 ,! poet ,"y turn$ d[n ! leaf :]e !re 0 a passage t int]e/$ him1 s t _m ( 8 books w\ld n %ut4 ,voltaire not$ 8 likes & dislikes 9 books ) little reg>d to :e!r !y belong$ to him or n1 :ile ,col]idge said y might z well turn a be> into a tulip g>d5 z let ,wordswor? loose 9 y\r libr>y2 & 9 8 ,lit]>y ,rem9isc5ces ,de,quincey records a /ory :i* makes e book-lov] %udd]1 t ,wordswor? cut pages ( ,burke ) a knife t _h be5 us$ to butt] toa/4 ,mr4 ,sp(=d gives "s admirable directions = ! c>e ( books4 ,"o %\ld nev] draw books out f ! %elf by _! head-b&s1 or by pull+ at ! b9d+1 b by plac+ ! f+] firmly on ! top ( ! book1 next to ! b9d+ & press+ d[n :ile draw+ out ! volume4 ,d n w$ge books tightly toge!r2 d n pile !m on top ( ea* o!r2 d n lay op5 books d[n ^u _! faces1 or place weights ^u op5 books4 ,books %\ld be kept dry1 b n too w>m2 if moi/ !y mildew1 if too w>m !y w>p4 ,no s5sible p]son w\ld press plants 9 any book ( value4 ,d n m>k ! place by c>ds or lett]s4 ,x weak5s ! b9d+4 ,use ?9 pap]4 ,d n t\* ! engrav+s 9 books4 ,rememb] t ev5 clean h&s may soil du/y books4 ,^? :o foll[ ! injunction ( ! ,pray] ,book to read & m>k %\ld be sure t !y d s 9 _! own books only4 ,! sugge/ion n to wet ! f+]s 9 turn+ ! leaf w\ld seem ne$less did n obs]vation %[ t !re are p]sons ) :om ?is cl[ni% cu/om /ill obta9s4 ,a private libr>y %\ld be a gr[?4 ,x m>ks ! /ages ( progress ( ! m9d ( its own]2 no o!r prop]ty t a man leaves beh9d him %[s :at he really 0 s fully z 8 books4 ,!re are few hobbies a man c adopt f :i* z mu* enjoym5t & in/ruction may be d]iv$ z f ! gradual acquisition ( a lot ( books on "s subject ( special int]e/4 ,em]son's advice 8buy 9 ! l9e ( y\r g5ius0 is weighty & %\ld be he$$4 ,a man ( mod]ate means may gradually get toge!r a m complete collection on 8 specialty ?an ! ri*e/ man c\ld secure at %ort notice1 & 8 satisfaction 9 ! gr[? ( su* a libr>y c nev] be exp]i5c$ by ! weal?y book collector :o employs o!rs to d ! "w = him4 ,all t is ne$$ is /eady att5tion to buy+ su* books1 z opportunity pres5ts itself4 ,_m ( ! r>e/ & mo/ valuable works _c be procur$ on dem& & mu/ be b\ght :5 f\nd1 or ! *ance ( secur+ !m is gone1 p]haps =ev]4 ,! ga!r+ ( su* a collection may be made an education 9 itself1 & in/ead ( leav+ 8 books to be scatt]$ at 8 dea?1 z has be5 ! fate ( s _m libr>ies1 a prud5t man w\ld provide t !y %\ld be kept toge!r & giv5 to a p]man5t libr>y4 ,_m an in/itution w\ld be glad to add to a good private collection on a p>ticul> subject its own books on ! subject & make a memorial alcove to ! donor :i* w\ld prove a f> m s5sible monum5t ?an a %aft 9 ! cemet]y4 ,n[ t m5 h le>n$ to respect books public libr>ies are z ne>ly immortal z any human in/itution c be4 ,a great libr>y is ! only human in/itution t c take all k = its prov9ce4 ,su* libr>ies are m9es f :i* k may be qu>ri$1 & :]e ! ideas ( ! pa/ may be adapt$ to ! ne$s ( ! pres5t4 ,9 a collection ( books on ! same subject ea* adds value to ! o!r4 ,_m libr>ies are an ill-assembl$ ?rong z useless z ! va/ army ( ,d>ius4 ,!re is su* a ?+ z an emb>rassm5t ( ri*es4 ,if y h too _m books ab\t y1 y may be bewild]$ s t y d n read to advantage4 8,successful "w10 said ,l[ell1 8is ! result ( a due proportion betwe5 ! task & ! in/rum5t4 ,s\!y1 ^: lit]>y indu/ry 0 s rem>kable )9 ! range ( 8 own libr>y1 said #8t he nev] %\ld h accompli%$ any?+1 if 8 en]gies _h be5 buri$ "u ! va/ /ores ( ! ,briti% ,museum4'0 ,z a work%op ! public libr>y may supplem5t1 b x c r>ely take ! place ( ! private libr>y4 ,de,quincey said t = m]e purposes ( /udy y\r own libr>y is f> pref]able to ! ,bodleian or ! ,vatican1 & ,em]son ?\ght t ! be/ ( ! ,h>v>d ,univ]sity libr>y 0 9 8 /udy at home4 ,t 0 ! be/ = 8 own use1 because :5 a man is work+ 9 a special l9e ( ?\ght he accumulates 9 "t a collection ( books on t subject t is m complete ?an any b ! l>ge/ libr>y c supply1 & he c "w ) m facility ) books t are famili> to him & ready to 8 h&4 ,em]son's books1 h[ev]1 w\ld h be5 ( little use to a ,civil ,eng9e] or to an ,am]ican ,hi/orian1 :ile a public libr>y mu/ provide = ! ne$s ( all /ud5ts 9 :atev] l9es ( rese>*4 ,b ,em]son 0 "u con/ant indebt$ness to ! ,h>v>d libr>y1 9 fact1 t noble collection ( books has play$ no small "p 9 ! lit]>y developm5t ( ,bo/on z well z ( ! great ,univ]sity4 8,! true ,univ]sity ( ^! days10 said ,c>lyle1 8is a collection ( books1 & all education is to tea* u h[ to read40 99 99 99 99 99 ,read 9 ord] t y may "k m1 be m1 d m3 books w help y to accompli% all ^! ?+s & ^! ?+s make up ! sum ( life1 "h & h]eaft]4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,italiciz$ text is surr\nd$ by und]scores3 italics4 ,small capitals are *ang$ to all capitals4 ,obvi\s typographical errors & punctuation errors h be5 correct$ aft] c>eful comp>ison ) o!r occurr5ces )9 ! text & consultation ( ext]nal s\rces4 ,except = ^? *anges not$ bel[1 all misspell+s 9 ! text1 & inconsi/5t or ar*aic usage1 h be5 reta9$4 ,! foll[+ corrections h be5 appli$ to ! text 7be=e_/aft]73 7p4 #bc7 444 pilot ) out eyes4 444 444 pilot )\t eyes4 444 7p4 #bg7 444 di/ract$ ) ?\ghs ( 444 444 di/ract$ ) ?\ghts ( 444 7p4 #bh7 444 & fir/1 & la/ 444 444 & fir/ & la/ 444 7p4 #bi7 444 difficulty 9 re memb]+ :at 444 444 difficulty 9 rememb]+ :at 444 7p4 #cj7 444 k9d ( re-active behavior 444 444 k9d ( reactive behavior 444 7p4 #ca7 444 ,,! ,,abuse ,,( ,,books 444 ,,! ,,abuse ,,( ,,books4 7p4 #ca7 444 fir/-class h\ses /ay at 444 444 fir/-class h\ses1 /ay at 444 7p4 #ch7 444 ,s*op5hau] calls1 8bad books1 444 444 ,s*op5hau] calls 8bad books1 444 7p4 #ch7 444 ( _! read+s 444 ( _! read+s4 7p4 #db7 444 #8,x is ( p>am\nt 444 444 8,x is ( p>am\nt 444 7p4 #dd7 444 receive ! compan%ip & sympa?y 444 444 receive ! companion%ip & sympa?y 444 7p4 #df7 444 8,9 /udies :atsoev] 444 444 8,9 /udies1 :atsoev] 444 7p4 #ej7 444 8,books1' said ,dryd51 444 444 8,books10 said ,dryd51 444 7p4 #ej7 444 useful qualities ,"s books 444 444 useful qualities4 ,"s books 444 7p4 #ee7 444 m5tal n\rism5t ( ! great] 444 444 m5tal n\ri%m5t ( ! great] 444 7p4 #ei7 444 connect !m selves ) 444 444 connect !mselves ) 444 7p4 #fa7 444 ) a wild surprise-- 444 ) a wild surmise-- 7p4 #fc7 444 among mank9d ,to ^! 444 444 among mank9d4 ,to ^! 444 7p4 #fd7 444 opportunity abides n ! obvi\s 444 444 opportunity abides 9 ! obvi\s 444 7p4 #ff7 444 pr9ciples op]ative1 & he 444 444 pr9ciples op]ative10 & he 444 7p4 #fg7 444 l ,br[n+ pres5t 444 444 l ,br[n+1 pres5t 444 7p4 #fg7 444 high "* ,?is is 444 444 high "*4 ,?is is 444 7p4 #fi7 444 pa/ aspiration1 ,concrete 444 444 pa/ aspiration4 ,concrete 444 7p4 #ge7 444 says ,rusk91 to attribute 444 444 says ,rusk91 8to attribute 444 7p4 #hc7 444 to ! mo]n2 ,fr5* hi/ory 444 444 to ! mod]n2 ,fr5* hi/ory 444 7p4 #hh7 444 x posses %\ld 444 444 x possesses %\ld 444 7p4 #hh7 444 ,dick5s1 ,?ack]y & ,george ,eliot4 444 444 ,dick5s1 ,?ack]ay & ,george ,eliot4 444 7p4 #ib7 444 borr[4 if y 444 444 borr[4 ,if y 444 7p4 #ic7 444 s*ol>4 ,if takes a 444 444 s*ol>4 ,x takes a 444 7p4 #ic7 ,! durablity ( ! 444 ,! durability ( ! 444 7p4 #ii7 444 "h & h]eaft]1 444 "h & h]eaft]4