,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,und]scores 80 be=e & aft] a ^w or phrase indicate italics 9 ! orig9al text4 ,equal signs 80 be=e & aft] a ^w or phrase indicate bold 9 ! orig9al text4 ,small capitals h be5 conv]t$ to ,,solid capitals4 ,illu/rations h be5 mov$ s !y d n break up p>agraphs4 ,old or antiquat$ spell+s h be5 pres]v$4 ,typographical & punctuation errors h be5 sil5tly correct$4 ,! text has num]\s ref]5ces to 8figure #ah01 ! s*ematic diagram = ! 8,op]at+ ,bo>d01 h[ev] ?is figure appe>s to be n available4 ,,manual ,,= ,,subm>9e ,,m9+ ,illu/ration ,,edition ,,( #aiab ,illu/ration ,,wa%+ton ,,gov]nm5t ,,pr9t+ ,,(fice #aiab ,,w> ,,dep>tm5t1 ,docum5t ,no4 #cii4 ,(fice ( ! ,*ief ( ,/aff4 ,?is ,manual = ,subm>9e ,m9+1 revis$ to #aiab1 is approv$ & publi%$ = ! confid5tial in=mation & guidance ( ! ,army ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,"u no circum/ances %all its cont5ts be divulg$ to p]sons n 9 ! milit>y or naval s]vice ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,by ord] ( ! ,secret>y ( ,w>3 ,,wm4 ,h4 ,,c>t]1 ,major ,g5]al1 ,act+ ,*ief ( ,/aff4 ,,cont5ts4 ,page4 ,,*apt] ,i4 ,def9itions & g5]al pr9ciples #g ,,ii4 ,matriel ( ! sy/em #aa ,,iii4 ,load+ room duties #cd ,,iv4 ,locat+ di/ribution box1 lay+ multiple cable1 m>k+ out m9e field #db ,v4 ,assembl+ & plant+ m9es #dh ,,vi4 ,te/ ( m9es & app>atus #ef ,,vii4 ,tak+ up m9es #fb ,,viii4 ,! m9e comm& #fe ,,app5dixes4 #a4 ,explosives #fi #b4 ,oil eng9e & g5]ator #gg #c4 ,/orage batt]y #hd #d4 ,subm>9e m9e cable #ib #e4 ,c>e & pres]vation ( matriel #ajg #f4 ,in/ructions = ma/]s ( m9e plant]s #aaa #g4 ,manual = small boats #aae #h4 ,supply li/ #aba ,,*apt] ,i4 ,,def9itions ,,& ,,g5]al ,,pr9ciples4 ,a subm>9e m9e consi/s ( an explosive *>ge inclos$ 9 a wat]-tight case1 & a fir+ device1 ! :ole int5d$ to be subm]g$ 9 a wat]way :i* x is desir$ to close aga9/ ! passage ( an enemy's vessels4 ,) respect to ! position ( ! case conta9+ ! explosive1 subm>9e m9es are ( two classes1 buoyant & gr\nd4 ,9 ! buoyant m9e1 ! case conta9s ! explosive & ! fir+ device1 & has su* excess ( buoyancy t x w\ld float 7 x n held bel[ ! surface by a moor+ rope & an an*or4 ,! subm]g5ce is su* t1 :ile ! m9e w\ld be /ruck by ! hull ( a pass+ vessel1 x is n s ne> ! surface z to be se54 ,buoyant m9es may be plant$ & op]at$ successfully 9 wat] #aej feet deep4 ,!y %\ld n1 9 g5]al1 be us$ :]e ! dep? ( wat] is less ?an #bj feet4 ,9 ! gr\nd m9e1 ! case conta9s ! explosive & ! fir+ device1 & is heavi] ?an ! displac$ wat]2 x !re=e re/s ^u ! bottom & requires no an*or4 ,gr\nd m9es are n us$ :]e ! dep? ( wat] exce$s #ce feet4 ,) respect to ! means us$ to fire !m1 m9es may be class$ z me*anical & electrical4 ,electrical m9es are1 9 turn1 ( two g5]al classes1 controllable--9 :i* ! fir+ device is "u control aft] ! m9e has be5 fix$ 9 position2 & noncontrollable--9 :i* no su* control is _h4 ,me*anical & noncontrollable electrical m9es are int5d$ to be fir$ only by ! bl[ ( a pass+ vessel4 ,:5 once 9 position !y are dang]\s alike to fri5d & foe1 :ile controllable m9es may in/antly be made safe = fri5dly vessels or z quickly made dang]\s to vessels ( ! enemy4 ,controllable electrical m9es are arrang$ s z to give a signal to ! op]ator :5 !y are /ruck4 ,!y may be set to fire automatically :5 /ruck or tamp]$ )1 or may be fir$ at ! w ( ! op]ator4 ,9 ! latt] case ! fir+ may be delay$1 9 :i* case ! op]ator fires ! m9e "s %ort int]val aft] ! signal indicates t x has be5 /ruck2 or by obs]vation1 9 :i* case he fires x aft] ! position-f9d+ sy/em %[s t ! vessel has come )9 ! m9e's de/ructive radius4 ,,location ,,( ,,m9es4 ,! consid]ations involv$ 9 ! location ( m9es are ( two g5]al classes1 tactical & local4 ,tactical consid]ations deal ) ! position ( m9es ) ref]5ce to ! o!r def5ses4 ,local consid]ations deal ) ! wid? & dep? ( ! *annel1 ! swiftness ( ! curr5t1 ! v>iation ( ! tide1 & ! relative importance ( ! h>bor4 ,:]e ord9>y %ip *annels are unob/ruct$ x is possible = mod]n battle%ips1 ) _! high spe$ & heavy armor1 to run by %ore batt]ies1 at lea/ 9 ! night or dur+ a fog2 h5ce ! def5se ( su* *annels %\ld n be left to guns alone4 ,on ! o!r h&1 :]e m9es are unprotect$ by ! fire ( %ore batt]ies x is possible = an enemy to remove or disable !m4 ,!re=e guns & m9es1 ! two elem5ts ( ! fix$ def5ses ( a h>bor1 are mutually dep5d5t1 & :5 ! location ( "o has be5 decid$ ^u t ( ! o!r mu/ con=m !reto4 ,)9 ! zone betwe5 #d1jjj & #h1jjj y>ds ( ! ma9 def5se ! fire ( heavy guns is de/ructive = w>%ips1 yet ! latt] are at su* a di/ance t _! rapid-fire guns w be ( little effect aga9/ ! batt]ies4 ,moreov]1 at #d1jjj y>ds vessels are j beyond ! inn] limit ( mort> fire4 ,if possible1 !re=e1 ho/ile vessels %\ld be held 9 ?is zone by "s ob/acle4 ,su* ob/acle is af=d$ by a m9e field4 ,on ! o!r h&1 attacks ^u a m9e field are mo/ liable to be made by small boats at night4 ,if ! m9e field be at too great a di/ance f ! def5ses1 ^! boats w n be reveal$ by ! m9e se>*lights4 ,fur!rmore1 = protection aga9/ su* attacks1 ! def5se relies ^u rapid-fire guns ( relatively limit$ range4 ,due to ! above consid]ations ! out]mo/ m9es are usually plac$ betwe5 #c1jjj & #d1ejj y>ds f ! ma9 def5se4 ,9 g5]al1 !re %\ld be 9 ea* ma9 *annel at lea/ ?ree l9es ( m9es4 ,,elem5ts ,,( ,a ,,m9e ,,sy/em4 ,! elem5ts ( a m9e sy/em are3 #a4 ,! m9+ casemate1 consi/+ typically ( f\r rooms3 7#a7 ,! op]at+ room1 conta9+ ! p[] panel & ! op]at+ bo>ds2 7#b7 ! eng9e room1 conta9+ ! eng9e & ! g5]ator2 7#c7 ! batt]y room1 conta9+ ! /orage batt]y2 & 7#d7 ! sleep+ room = ! p]sonnel4 #b4 ,! multiple cables1 #g & #ai conductor1 lead+ f ! casemate out to ! di/ribution boxes1 "o ( :i* is 9 ! c5t] & re> ( ea* gr\p ( m9es4 #c4 ,! s+le-conductor cables1 radiat+ to ! front f ! di/ribution boxes1 "o lead+ to ea* m9e4 #d4 ,! m9es1 9 gr\ps ( #ai or less1 ext5d+ across ! wat]way to be def5d$1 plant$ approximately #ajj feet ap>t & an*or$ s z to h a subm]g5ce ( ab\t #aj feet at l[ wat]4 ,! gr\ps are numb]$ #a1 #b1 #c1 etc41 f left to "r ( ! obs]v] /ation$ 9 re> ( ! l9e1 & ! m9es 9 ea* gr\p are numb]$ simil>ly1 ,no4 #a be+ on ! left1 ,no4 #aj 9 ! c5t]1 & ,no4 #ai on ! "r4 ,! gr\ps compos+ a l9e ( buoyant m9es are n usually plant$ 9 prolongation ( ea* o!r1 b ) a space = ! passage ( fri5dly vessels1 & also = ! movem5t ( ! plant] :5 at "w ^u adjac5t gr\ps4 ,gr\ps ( gr\nd m9es may be plac$ 9 prolongation ( ea* o!r or betwe5 ! gr\ps ( buoyant m9es1 z !y w always be bel[ ! hulls ( pass+ vessels4 #e4 ,! m9e plant]s & o!r boats ) ! necess>y equipm5t = plant+ & ma9ta9+ ! plant$ m9es4 #f4 ,! range-f9d+ sy/em1 ! same z or simil> to t us$ = ! guns1 enabl+ accurate plott+ ( ! positions ( ! individual m9es1 & consequ5tly p]mitt+ vessel track+ & obs]vation fir+4 #g4 ,! se>*lights1 = illum9at+ ! m9e fields at night4 #h4 ,! rapid-fire guns1 = ! protection ( ! m9e fields4 ,,*apt] ,,ii4 ,,mat,,riel ,,( ,,! ,,sy/em4 ,! g5]at+ set4--,?is consi/s ( a ,d4 ,c41 %unt-w\nd g5]ator driv5 by a k]os5e oil eng9e1 or ( a direct-connect$ gasol9e set4 7,= me?od ( op]ation ( a ,hornsby-,akroyd oil eng9e1 see ,app5dix #b47 ,! /orage batt]y4--,?is is a #dj-;cell *loride accumulator1 ) a normal *>ge & dis*>ge rate ( #e amp]es4 ,! voltage may be tak5 at #b volts p] cell2 ! int]nal resi/ance is negligible4 ,directions = sett+ up1 c>e1 & usage ( ! /orage batt]y are giv5 9 ,app5dix #c4 ,! #e-;amp]e batt]y is ! /&>d equipm5t at ! pres5t "t1 b ! new in/allations w h batt]ies ) a normal *>ge & dis*>ge rate ( #ae amp]es4 ,! motor-g5]ator1 ,d4 ,c4-,a4 ,c4--,?is is a ,d4 ,c4-,a4 ,c4 7#fj-;cycle1 s+le phase7 ma*9e1 runn+ on ,d4 ,c4 voltage 7#hj-aaj7 & design$ to give "o-half kil[att at #hj volts4 ,to insure aga9/ breakd[n two ( ^! motor-g5]ators are suppli$ to ea* casemate4 ,/>t+ swit*4--,?is is a #d-po9t lev] swit* & is us$ to />t ! motor-g5]ator & to accel]ate x to full spe$4 ,to insure aga9/ breakd[n two ( ^! motor-g5]ators circuit to ! f\r? po9t4 ,resi/ances are connect$ betwe5 ! po9ts1 z %[n 9 figure #a4 ,! contact made at po9t #a is n brok5 z ! lev] is mov$ to its successive positions4 ,x is se5 t ! total resi/ance is #h ohms2 x is all 9 ! armature circuit :5 ! swit* blade is 9 ! fir/ po9t2 #d ohms :5 9 ! second po9t2 #b ohms :5 9 ! ?ird po9t2 none :5 9 ! f\r? po9t4 ,! op]ation ( clos+ ! lev] %ort circuits 9 turn ! resi/ances #d1 #b1 & #b4 ,! casemate trans=m]4--,?is is a /ep-up trans=m]1 ( ! oil-insulat$ core type1 & is rat$ at #fj cycles1 #ejj watts1 #hj volts prim>y & #ejj volts second>y1 :5 c>ry+ full load4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #a4--,/>t+ swit*4 ,! p[] panel4--,?is panel is %[n 9 figure #b1 its wir+ diagram 9 figure #ah at ! end ( ! book4 ,x consi/s ( an enamel$ slate panel ^u :i* ! app>atus is m\nt$4 ,x is #cb in*es wide1 #fi in*es high1 & is set up ) its face #cd in*es f ! wall 9 re>4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #b4--,,p[] ,,panel4 ,across ! top are two lamps1 a d\ble circuit break]1 a ,d4 ,p4 ,d4 ,t4 swit*1 & a s+le circuit break]4 ,bel[ ^! !re are an ammet]1 an ,a4 ,c4 voltmet]1 & a ,d4 ,c4 voltmet]4 ,bel[ ! ammet] is a batt]y rheo/at & bel[ ! ,d4 ,c4 voltmet] a field rheo/at4 ,on a bracket at ! side !re is a mil-ammet]1 ) a #af c4 p41 #aaj-volt lamp 9 s]ies ) x4 ,! rema9+ swit*es1 receptacles1 & atta*m5ts are suffici5tly well indicat$ 9 ! figures4 ,swit* ,no4 #a controls ! lamps at ! top ( ! bo>d4 ,:5 x is up1 !y are suppli$ f an ext]nal s\rce ( p[]4 ,:5 x is d[n1 !y are suppli$ f ! /orage batt]y4 ,! ,d4 ,c4 t]m9als are all c>ri$ to "o t]m9al b>1 ! ,a4 ,c4 t]m9als to ano!r4 ,all t]m9als & all swit*es are label$4 ,provision is made = en]giz+ ! ,d4 ,c4 busses3 7a7 ,f an ext]nal s\rce ( p[]3 ,close s+le circuit break] & close swit* ,no4 #b to ! "r--fac+ ! bo>d4 7b7 ,f ! casemate g5]ator3 ,close s+le circuit break] & close swit* ,no4 #b to ! left--fac+ ! bo>d4 7c7 ,f ! /orage batt]y3 ,) swit* ,no4 #b op51 close d\ble circuit break]4 ,fe$] swit*es are pla9ly m>k$4 ,! ,d4 ,c4 swit*es supply p[] z foll[s3 ,no4 #c4 ,:5 up1 supplies ! op]at+ bo>ds 7negative pole to bo>ds1 positive to e>?72 :5 d[n1 x is sp>e4 ,no4 #d4 ,:5 up1 supplies motor-g5]ator ,no4 #a2 :5 d[n1 motor-g5]ator ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #e4 ,:5 up1 supplies ! m9e comm&]'s /ation4 ,no4 #f4 ,:5 up1 supplies casemate lamps2 :5 d[n1 x does ! same1 b ! p[] is n[ drawn f an ext]nal s\rce & n f ! ,d4 ,c4 busses4 ,no4 #g4 ,:5 up1 gr\nds ! positive bus & connects ! negative bus ?r\gh ! protective lamp & mil-ammet] to ! mil-ammet] lead4 ,! ,a4 ,c4 swit*es supply p[] z foll[s3 ,no4 #h4 ,:5 up1 supplies ! op]at+ bo>ds1 "o pole to bo>ds1 ! o!r to e>? ?r\gh an indep5d5t lead2 :5 d[n1 x does ! same1 b ! side gr\nd$ is gr\nd$ ?r\gh a *oke coil4 ,no4 #i4 ,:5 up1 en]gizes ! ,a4 ,c4 busses f motor-g5]ator ,no4 #a2 :5 d[n1 ! ,a4 ,c4 busses f motor-g5]ator ,no4 #b4 ,no4 #aj is sp>e4 ,no4 #aa4 ,:5 up1 supplies p[] to ! prim>y ( ! te/+ trans=m]2 :5 d[n1 x is sp>e4 ,no4 #ab4 ,:5 up1 supplies p[] f ! second>y ( ! te/+ trans=m] to ! te/ fuses4 ,voltmet] receptacles & plugs1 all ( :i* are prop]ly m>k$1 are provid$ = obta9+ ! read+ ( ! ,a4 ,c4 & ,d4 ,c4 voltages4 ,! ,d4 ,c4 receptacles are on ! "r & ! ,a4 ,c4 on ! left4 ,! fir/ receptacle ( ea* set is sp>e to hold ! plugs :5 ! latt] are n 9 use4 ,) ! ,d4 ,c4 plug3 ,9 ! second receptacle1 ! voltage ( ! casemate g5]ator is indicat$4 ,9 ! ?ird receptacle1 voltage ( ext]nal ,d4 ,c4 p[]4 ,9 ! f\r? receptacle1 voltage ( /orage batt]y4 ,) ! ,a4 ,c4 plug3 ,9 ! second receptacle1 voltage ( ,a4 ,c4 p[] on ! busses is indicat$4 ,9 ! ?ird receptacle1 voltage ( ext]nal ,a4 ,c4 p[]1 if ! latt] is suppli$4 ,9 g5]al1 no ext]nal ,a4 ,c4 p[] %\ld be l$ into ! casemate1 z ! sy/em w\ld be unsafe1 ow+ to ! liability ( a 8cross40 ,! /&>d sy/em is p]fectly safe1 z x is impossible = a m9e to be fir$ :5 ! motor-g5]ators are idle4 ,! d\ble circuit break] is an ord9>y s+le-coil break]4 ,! s+le circuit break] is an ov]load & rev]se-curr5t circuit break]4 ,! rev]se-curr5t coil has two w9d+s1 "o ( :i* is bridg$ across ! p[] supply1 & ! o!r is 9 s]ies ) x4 ,on *>ge1 ! effect ( ^! coils is diff]5tial1 & on dis*>ge x is cumulative & w trip ! circuit break] :5 ! curr5t f ! /orage batt]y exce$s #b amp]es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #c4--,,op]at+ ,,bo>d4 ,to *>ge ! /orage batt]y3 7a7 ,f an ext]nal s\rce ( p[]3 ,bo? ! s+le & ! d\ble circuit break]s are clos$ & swit* ,no4 #b is clos$ to ! "r 7fac+ ! bo>d74 7b7 ,f ! casemate g5]ator3 ,bo? circuit break]s are clos$ & swit* ,no4 #b is clos$ to ! left 7fac+ ! bo>d74 ,! op]at+ bo>d4--,a front view ( ?is is giv5 9 figure #c1 its wir+ diagram 9 figure #ah at ! end ( ! book4 ,"o is requir$ = ea* gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,x consi/s ( an iron frame to :i* are atta*$ a signal block1 a ma/] block1 #ai m9e blocks 7#a = ea* m9e71 busses1 & a t]m9al b> ) #ai numb]$ t]m9als4 ,! frame is #gh in*es high by #bd in*es wide4 ,x %\ld be set up s t its face is #cd in*es f ! wall 9 re>4 ,! signal block 7see fig4 #ah74--,?is is an enamel$ slate block #bd in*es wide & #aa in*es high1 ^u :i* are m\nt$ ?ree b9d+ po/s1 ?ree lamps 7r$1 :ite1 & gre571 a bell & bell swit*1 a #ij-ohm non-inductive resi/ance 9 p>allel ) ! :ite lamp1 & a #abe-ohm resi/ance 9 s]ies ) ! bell4 ,! b9d+ po/s are m>k$ 8,e>?0 or 8,g410 8,a4 ,c410 & 8,d4 ,c410 respectively4 ,! bell1 ! #ij-ohm non-inductive resi/ance1 & ! #abe-ohm resi/ance are s indicat$ on ! figure4 ,! lamps are m>k$ z foll[s3 ,r$1 8,r4 ,l402 :ite1 8,w4 ,l402 gre51 8,g4 ,l40 ,! circuit1 "u normal conditions1 is3 ,f negative ,d4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel1 to swit* #c clos$ up1 to 8op]at+ bo>d0 t]m9al1 to ,d4 ,c4 lead1 to ,d4 ,c4 po/ on signal block1 ?r\gh gre5 lamp1 to ,d4 ,c4 jaw on ma/] block1 to ,d4 ,c4 bus on op]at+ bo>d1 ?r\gh p[] swit* ,p on m9e block1 ?r\gh sol5oid ,s1 to middle ( te/+ swit* ,t1 to upp] contact ( same1 to upp] contact ( automatic swit* ,a1 to middle ( same1 to m9e swit* ,m1 ?r\gh same to t]m9al b>1 ?r\gh #ai-;conductor & s+le-conductor cables1 ?r\gh m9e trans=m] prim>y1 to m9e case1 to gr\nd1 to ,d4 ,c4 8e>?0 t]m9al on p[] panel1 to swit* #c1 & to positive ,d4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel4 ,gre5 lamps ( #h1 #af1 & #cb c&lep[] are suppli$4 ,! #af-;c&lep[] gre5 lamp gl[s dimly :5 #ai m9es are connect$ to ! op]at+ bo>d & all are free f %ort circuits1 gr\nds1 or abnormal resi/ances4 ,if x %\ld gl[ abnormally bright1 due to gr\nds1 a #cb-;c&lep[] lamp %\ld be sub/itut$4 ,if x %\ld gl[ v dimly1 due to a less numb] ( m9es connect$1 an #h-;c&lep[] lamp %\ld be us$4 ,a %ort circuit 9 a m9e circuit causes ! gre5 lamp to gl[ m brightly4 ,breaks 9 conductors n caus+ %ort circuits w n be reveal$ ord9>ily by ?is lamp4 ,to detect breaks1 te/s ( individual m9es mu/ be made4 ,! r$ lamp gl[s & ! bell r+s :5 any automatic swit* is d[n4 ,! circuit "u ?is condition is3 ,f negative ,d4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel to swit* #c clos$ up1 to 8op]at+ bo>d0 t]m9al1 to ,d4 ,c4 lead1 to ,d4 ,c4 po/ on signal block1 ?r\gh gre5 lamp to ,d4 ,c4 jaw1 to ,d4 ,c4 op]at+ bo>d bus1 ?r\gh p[] swit* on m9e block ^: automatic swit* is d[n1 ?r\gh insulat$ p9 ( l[] arm ( automatic swit*1 to l[] po9t ( te/+ swit* ,t1 to op]at+ bo>d lamp bus1 ?r\gh bell1 #abe-ohm resi/ance & bell swit*1 & r$ lamp 9 p>allel1 to 8e>?0 po/1 to e>? lead1 to ,d4 ,c4 8e>?0 t]m9al on p[] panel1 to swit* #c1 & to positive ,d4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel4 ,! resi/ance ( ! bell is su* t a resi/ance ( #abe ohms mu/ be plac$ 9 s]ies ) x to make ! jo9t resi/ance ( ! r$ lamp-bell circuit s l>ge t if "o automatic swit* is d[n x w n int]f]e ) ! tripp+ ( ano!r4 ,! :ite lamp1 ,w4 ,l41 is 9 ! fir+ & ,a4 ,c4 te/+ circuits4 ,! #ij-ohm resi/ance is 9 p>allel ) ?is lamp1 & 9 addition to protect+ x f excessive curr5t1 s]ves to keep ! fir+ circuit complete %\ld ! lamp burn out4 ,! ma/] block 7see fig4 #ah74--,?is is an enamel$ slate block #f in*es wide by #i in*es high1 ^u :i* are m\nt$ two jaws = ! t]m9als ( a jump]1 a te/+ swit*1 ,t4 ,s41 & a fir+ swit*1 ,f4 ,s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #d4--,,m9e ,,block4 ,! te/+ swit*1 ,t4 ,s41 is us$ to det]m9e if ! ,a4 ,c4 p[] be on ! signal block4 ,if s1 :5 x is clos$ ! :ite lamp on signal block gl[s4 ,?is swit* is m>k$ to indicate its 8(f0 & 8on0 positions4 ,:5 8on0 ! circuit is z giv5 9 8te/ ( ! deliv]y ( ! ,a4 ,c4 p[] to ! op]at+ bo>d10 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,! fir+ swit*1 ,f4 ,s41 is us$ to ?r[ ! ,a4 ,c4 p[] on ! op]at+ bo>d ,a4 ,c4 busses4 ,?is is m>k$ to %[ its 8on0 & 8(f0 positions4 ,no m9e c be fir$ unless ?is swit* is 9 its 8on0 position4 ,:5 8on0 ! fir+ circuit is z foll[s3 ,f ,a4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel to swit* #h clos$ up1 to 8op]at+ bo>d0 t]m9al1 to ,a4 ,c4 lead1 to ,a4 ,c4 po/ on signal block1 to :ite lamp & resi/ance 9 p>allel1 to ,a4 ,c4 jaw1 ?r\gh fir+ swit*1 ,f4 ,s41 to ,a4 ,c4 bus on op]at+ bo>d1 to l[] po9t ( automatic swit* :5 x is clos$ d[n1 to middle po9t ( automatic swit*1 ?r\gh m9e swit* to t]m9al b>1 ?r\gh #ai-;conductor & s+le-conductor cables1 ?r\gh m9e trans=m] prim>y1 to m9e case1 to gr\nd1 to ,a4 ,c4 8e>?0 t]m9al on p[] panel1 to swit* #h1 & to o!r ,a4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel4 ,! :ite lamp gl[s aft] ! m9e has be5 fir$4 ,! m9e block 7see figs4 #d & #ah74--,?is consi/s ( an enamel$ slate block1 #f in*es wide & #i in*es high1 on :i* are m\nt$ f\r swit*es4 #a4 ,! upp] swit* is ! 8m9e swit*40 ,:5 x is op5 ! correspond+ m9e is cut out & c n be fir$4 ,x is plac$ horizontally on ! blocks ( ! old model & v]tically on ^? ( ! new model4 #b4 ,! "r-h& swit*1 a ,s4 ,p4 ,s4 ,t4 knife swit*1 is ! 8p[] swit*40 ,:5 x is clos$ ! ,d4 ,c4 p[] is on ! block & ! automatic swit* w function :5 ! correspond+ m9e is /ruck4 ,:5 x is op5 ! m9e c be fir$ by rais+ ! automatic swit* release1 ?us tripp+ ! automatic swit*4 #c4 ,! c5tral swit* is ! 8automatic swit*10 a s+le-pole d\ble-?r[ swit*1 op]at$ by ! plung] ( a sol5oid4 ,?r\gh its l[] arm !re passes an insulat$ p9 :i*1 :5 ! swit* is d[n1 makes connection betwe5 two contacts to ! "r & left ( ?is arm4 ,if = any cause ! curr5t ?r\gh ! sol5oid rises above t = :i* x is set 7normally #j4jge amp]e71 its plung] is drawn up & ! swit* is tripp$4 ,su* rise 9 curr5t is produc$ :5 a m9e is /ruck1 ! resi/ance ?r\gh ! circuit-clos] circuit be+ f> less ?an t ?r\gh ! prim>y coil ( ! trans=m]4 ,su* w\ld also be ! case :5 a m9e cable is gr\nd$4 ,:5 ! automatic swit* is tripp$1 ! ,d4 ,c4 circuit to ! m9e is brok5 at its upp] contact 7see fig4 #ah7 & ,d4 ,c4 circuit ?r\gh r$ lamp & bell is made ?r\gh ! insulat$ ?r\gh p9 9 ! l[] arm1 ?us giv+ w>n+4 ,if at ! same "t ,a4 ,c4 p[] be on ! busses & ! fir+ swit* on ! ma/] block be clos$1 ,a4 ,c4 w be ?r[n on ! m9e ?r\gh ! l[] contact ( ! automatic swit*1 & ! m9e w be fir$4 ,j above ! plung] ( ! sol5oid !re is a r$ knob atta*$ to ! tripp+ b> ( ! automatic swit* release4 ,?is enables ! automatic swit* to be releas$ by h& 9 obs]vation fir+ & 9 te/+4 #d4 ,! left-h& swit*1 a ,s4 ,p4 ,d4 ,t4 swit*1 is ! 8te/+ swit*40 ,x is us$ to te/ ! automatic swit*1 :i* %\ld op5 :5 ! te/+ swit* is ?r[n d[n4 ,! bell swit* %\ld be op5$ be=e ?r[+ d[n te/+ swit*4 ,:5 ! te/+ swit* is 9 ?is position1 ! circuit be+ brok5 at its upp] contact1 ! m9e is cut out1 & 9 place ( ! m9e !re is ?r[n 9 ! r$ lamp ( ! signal block4 ,! resi/ance ( ?is r$ lamp is great] ?an t ( ! m9e circuit :5 ! m9e is /ruck1 s t if ! automatic swit* works = ! curr5t ?r\gh ! r$ lamp x w c]ta9ly "w = t ?r\gh ! circuit clos] :5 ! m9e is /ruck4 ,! circuit :5 ! te/+ swit*1 ,t1 is d[n & be=e ! automatic swit* drops is3 ,f negative ,d4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel1 to swit* #c clos$ up1 to 8op]at+ bo>d0 t]m9al1 to ,d4 ,c4 lead1 to ,d4 ,c4 po/ on signal block1 ?r\gh gre5 lamp1 to ,d4 ,c4 jaw1 to ,d4 ,c4 bus on op]at+ bo>d1 ?r\gh p[] swit*1 ?r\gh sol5oid to middle ( te/+ swit* ,t1 to l[] po9t ( same1 to op]at+ bo>d lamp bus ,l1 ?r\gh r$ lamp to 8e>?0 po/1 to e>? lead1 to ,d4 ,c4 8e>?0 t]m9al on p[] panel1 to swit* #c1 & to positive ,d4 ,c4 bus on p[] panel4 ,! circuit1 :5 te/+ swit*1 ,t1 is d[n1 & aft] ! automatic swit* has dropp$1 is ! same z ! above up to ! p[] swit*1 !n f ! p[] swit* ?r\gh ! insulat$ p9 9 ! l[] "p ( ! automatic swit*1 to ! l[] jaw ( ! te/+ swit*1 & !n ! same z ! circuit above4 ,a diagram simil> to ! wir+ diagram1 figure #ah1 at ! end ( ! book %\ld be made ( ! p[] panel & ( "o ( ! op]at+ bo>ds ( ea* casemate & po/$ 9 a conspicu\s place 9 ! casemate4 ,any *anges made 9 ! wir+ ( ei!r ( ^! bo>ds %\ld be made imm$iately on ?is diagram4 ,subm>9e m9e cable1 #ai-;conductor4--,?is is an armor$ cable ab\t #a in* 9 diamet] & conta9s #ai insulat$ s+le conductors ( ,no4 #af ,am]ican wire gauge wire 7#ea mils 9 dia474 ,! conductors are arrang$ 9 two conc5tric lay]s ar\nd a s+le c5tral conductor1 ! inn] lay] conta9+ #f1 ! out] #ab4 ,"o conductor 9 ea* lay] is di/+ui%$ f ! re/ by "s *>act]i/ic m>k1 z a spiral :ite ?read1 a wrapp+ ( tape1 or o!r easily detect$ m>k4 ,! m>k$ conductor 9 ! out] lay] is ,no4 #a1 t 9 ! inn] lay] ,no4 #ac1 & ! c5tral conductor is ,no4 #ai4 ,! o!r conductors are numb]$ at ! %ore end ( ! cable 9 a clockwise direction2 at ! di/ant end 9 a contraclockwise direction4 ,subm>9e m9e cable1 #g-;conductor4--,9 _m cases ! #g-;conductor cable n[ on h& c be us$ to advantage = m9e "w1 p>ticul>ly 9 plant+ gr\ps :i* d n require great l5g?s ( multiple cable4 ,9 all su* cases ! old gr& junction boxes are to be us$ z di/ribution boxes1 ?us provid+ = sep>ate gr\ps ( #g m9es4 ,subm>9e m9e cable1 s+le conductor4--,?is is an armor$ cable1 ab\t ?ree-f\r?s in* 9 diamet]1 & conta9s an insulat$ conductor made ( #g /r&s ( s(t anneal$ ,no4 #bb ,am]ican wire gauge copp] wire 7#be4ce mils 9 dia474 ,! buoyant m9e case4--,! s]vice #cb-;in* patt]n is made ( #aj-p\nd1 -in*1 op5-he>? /eel1 ( great t\ghness & ela/icity1 & is ?or\ghly galvaniz$4 ,! %ell consi/s ( two hemisph]es1 ribb$ & weld$ toge!r at ! equator1 ?us avoid+ all rivets4 ,e case be=e x is accept$ is te/$ ) an int]nal hydraulic pressure ( #ajj p\nds p] squ>e in*4 ,! top hemisph]e is provid$ ) an ext]nal maneuv]+ r+2 ! bottom hemisph]e has a hole #e in*es 9 diamet] at ! pole4 ,! edge ( ! hole is re5=c$ by a weld$ r+ #a in*es ?ick2 & ne> x are f\r bosses1 also weld$1 c>ry+ screw bolts :i* project #b in*es outside to secure ! cap4 ,! cap consi/s ( a hemisph]e ( #ae-p\nd1 -in* wr\ght iron1 flang$ & di%$ at ! base to fit ! case1 to :i* x is atta*$ by ! f\r bolts already m5tion$4 ,!y pass ?r\gh slots 9 ! flange1 :i* is !n held 9 place by %oes & nuts :i* are key$ on4 ,! wat] has free access to ! *amb] inside ! cap4 ,! uses ( ! cap are3 ,to clamp ! ,turk's-head ( ! m9e cable1 to cov] & protect ! portion ( ! core expos$ outside ! case1 & to s]ve z an atta*m5t = ! wire moor+ rope4 ,a hole #a in*es 9 diamet] at ! pole ( ! cap is connect$ by means ( a slot ) a #c-;in* hole pun*$ ?r\gh ! cap betwe5 two ( ! bails4 ,?is arrangem5t p]mits ! entrance or removal ( ! ,turk's-head )\t remov+ ! cap f ! m9e case4 ,! moor+ atta*m5t consi/s ( a r+ ( #a-;in* wr\ght iron1 hav+ a hole #b in*es 9 diamet]1 atta*$ to ! cap by ?ree bails ( #a-;in* wr\ght iron p]man5tly d\ble rivet$ to ! sides4 ,! cap is ?or\ghly galvaniz$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #e4--;,,comp\nd ,,plug1 ,,old ,,model ,,fuse ,,c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #f4--;,,comp\nd ,,plug1 ,,rubb] ,,fuse ,,c4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #g4--;,,comp\nd ,,plug1 ,,trotol ,,fuse ,,c4 ,! l>ge hole 9 ! m9e case cov]$ by ! cap is clos$ by a plug4 ,! jo9t is made wat]-tight by a lead wa%] jamm$ betwe5 ! plug prop] & ! case & by a coat+ ( r$ lead or simil> wat]pro(+ mat]ial ^u ! screw ?reads4 ,9 ! /rong curr5ts & deep wat] ( "s h>bors m buoyancy ?an is possess$ by ! #cb-;in* case is requir$4 ,?is is obta9$ by ins]t+ betwe5 ! hemisph]es a cyl9d] ( #bj-p\nd wr\ght iron :i* is /iff5$ by extra weld$ ribs = ! l>g] sizes4 ,su* cases are designat$ by ! diamet] 9 in*es ( a sph]e hav+ ! same buoyancy4 ,?us1 a ,no4 #dj case is made by ins]t+ a cyl9d] #cb in*es 9 diamet] & #bj4d in*es 9 l5g? betwe5 ! two hemisph]es ( a ,no4 #cb case2 ?is is suffici5t to make ! displacem5t equal to t ( a sph]ical case #dj in*es 9 diamet]4 ,9 ! late/ types ! cyl9d]s are made ( corrugat$ mild /eel ( less ?ickness1 :i* dim9i%es v mat]ially ! weights ( ! cases4 ,! foll[+ table exhibits ! dim5sions & weights ( buoyant m9es1 ) trotol fuse cans1 complete except ! *>ges & moor+s4 ,! actual free buoyancy :5 plant$ w be ! diff]5ce betwe5 ! displacem5t & weight z giv5 9 ! table1 r$uc$ by ! weight ( ! *>ge & ( ! moor+s & cables3 ,,pla9 ,,cases4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,comput$,measur$ ,l5g? ,no4 ,displace- weight1 weight1 ( ,rem>ks4 m5t4 empty4 empty4 cyl9d]4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,p\nds ,p\nds,p\nds ,feet #cb #fce #cjh #caa #j4jj ,all are ab\t #cc in*es 9 outside diamet]2 ! extreme l5g? 9 ea* case is #d4c feet plus ! l5g? #cc #fie #cfd 4#ag #cd #gfb #cie 4#ce #ce #hbi #dbg 4#ed #cf #ijd #dfb 4#ge #cg #ihb #dih 4#if #ch #a1jfd #ech #a4bj #ci #a1adi #egh #a4dc #dj #a1bdb #fba #fbe #a4gj #da #a1cda #ffe #a4if #db #a1dcf #gab #b4bd #dc #a1edj #ghh #gei #b4ec #dd #a1feb #hdb #b4gg ,"o extra weld$ rib4 #de #a1gfg #hgf #c4ag ,d4 ,lot ( #ahgi2 "o #hii extra weld$ rib4 #df #a1hhg #ieb #c4ej #icf ,lot ( #ahhd2 "o extra weld$ rib4 #dg #b1jac #a1jaa #c4he ,"o extra weld$ rib4 #dh #b1add #a1jgc #a1jcg #d4bj ,d4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,,corrugat$ ,,cases4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- #dg #a1ecf #egb #b4bd #ej #b1cbc4b #ggg #d4bb ---------------------------------------- ---------------------- ,! comp\nd plug1 ) old model brass fuse c4--,a section ( ?is plug1 ) ! names ( all ! p>ts1 is %[n 9 figure #e4 ,! brass fuse c is n us$ :5 guncotton is us$ z a prim+ *>ge4 ,! comp\nd plug1 ) rubb] fuse c4--,a section ( ?is plug1 ) ! names ( all ! p>ts1 is %[n 9 figure #f4 ,! comp\nd plug1 ) trotol fuse c4--,a section ( ?is plug1 ) ! names ( all ! p>ts1 is %[n 9 figure #g4 ,9 ea* plug ! ma9 p>ts are screw$ toge!r & held 9 place by set-screws4 ,! connection ( ! comp\nd plug ) ! m9e case makes an e>? plate1 ( :i* ! electrical resi/ance 9 salt wat] is ab\t #a ohm4 ,! m9e trans=m] 7see fig4 #h74--,?is consi/s ( a cyl9drical brass case1 :i* conta9s ! prim>y & second>y coils ( ! trans=m] & ! reactance coil4 ,! trans=m] is screw$ into ! brass coll> or ! re5=ce & 9 turn has ! circuit clos] screw$ ^u its top4 ,! fuses are atta*$ to ! second>y & are fir$ :5 prop] voltage is appli$ to ! prim>y4 ,! prim>y leads are black2 ^? ( ! second>y are r$4 ,! t]m9al1 ,p1 ( ! prim>y coil is left free = ! purpose ( te/+1 b :5 prep>+ ! trans=m] = use x is atta*$ securely to ! b9d+ po/1 ,t4 ,! upp] t]m9al1 ,r1 ( ! reactance is prep>$ = atta*m5t to ! ball seat ( ! circuit clos]4 ,! normal circuit is f ,p1 ?r\gh ! prim>y coil 7! resi/ance ( :i* is ab\t #b1djj ohms71 to ! trans=m] case1 & !nce to e>?4 ,h[ev]1 :5 ! m9e is /ruck1 s z to close ! circuit clos]1 a p>allel circuit is clos$ ?r\gh ! reactance 7! resi/ance ( :i* is ab\t #acj ohms71 !nce to ! ball seat ( ! circuit clos]1 ?r\gh ! ball & spr+s to ! trans=m] case1 & !nce to e>?4 ,9 ?is latt] case1 !re=e1 ! resi/ance is less5$ by ab\t #b1cjj ohms4 ,! reactance coil w p]mit only a small am\nt ( alt]nat+ curr5t to pass ?r\gh x :5 ! ball is displac$1 h5ce m9es may be fir$ :e!r ! ball is displac$ or n4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #h4--,,m9e ,,trans=m]4 ,two fuses are connect$ 9 multiple across ! ends ( ! second>y t]m9als4 ,^! t]m9als are #aj in*es 9 l5g?1 to all[ ample m>g9 = ins]t+ fuses 9 ! prim]4 ,! trans=m] is ( ! /ep-d[n type & is rat$ at #bb4e watts1 #fj cycles1 #ejj volts prim>y1 & #ad volts second>y4 ,! m9e circuit :5 normal is su* t #hj volts %\ld give only #cj mil-amp]es1 b a m9e may be fir$ ev5 :5 ! circuit is s defective t #hj volts give #abj mil-amp]es4 ,fur!rmore1 #aej volts ,d4 ,c4 may be appli$ to ! prim>y )\t dang] ( explosion4 ,an explosion c n be produc$ unless ! ,a4 ,c4 busses on ! op]at+ bo>d are en]giz$1 & z long z ! fir+ swit* on ! ma/] block is op51 !re is no dang] f accid5tal clos+ ( swit*es 9 mak+ m9e te/s or f %ort circuits 9 ! m9e4 ,,note4--,9 design+ ?is trans=m] ! foll[+ v>iations 7 consid]$3 7a7 ,omitt+ reactance & tapp+ to ball seat beyond prim>y ( trans=m]2 7b7 us+ a cond5s]2 7c7 us+ two sets ( fuses1 s z to be able to fire ) ei!r ,d4 ,c4 or ,a4 ,c4 ,all 7 elim9at$1 z !y impair$ ei!r ! safety1 ! simplicity1 or ! effici5cy ( ! sy/em4 ,! circuit clos]4--,?is1 :5 us$ ) ! buoyant m9e1 consi/s ( ! foll[+ p>ts3 ,! cap1 ! spr+ plate1 ! di/ance r+1 ! /eel ball1 & ! ball seat1 :i*1 :5 assembl$1 are m\nt$ on ! top ( ! m9e trans=m]4 ,! gr\nd m9e case4--,! =m & details ( con/ruction adopt$ = ! s]vice patt]n are ! foll[+ 7see fig4 #i73 ,! case is ca/-iron1 9 =m a segm5t ( a sph]e1 ( :i* ! height is two-?irds ( ! radius4 ,! bottom is ne>ly flat1 ) a c5tral s&-hole plug to empty ! ca/+4 ,six int]nal radial ribs are add$ to give additional supports to ! top2 ! load+ hole1 #e in*es 9 diamet] 7#c in*es 9 old patt]n71 is at ! pole & is clos$ by a comp\nd plug4 ,be=e acceptance a hydraulic pressure ( #ajj p\nds p] squ>e in* mu/ be borne )\t develop+ leakage4 ,only "o size ( gr\nd m9e has be5 introduc$ into our s]vice4 ,?is patt]n is design$ to conta9 f #bjj to #cjj p\nds ( explosive & to re/ on ! bottom 9 wat] n exce$+ #ce feet 9 dep? at high tide4 ,! dim5sions are z foll[s3 ,radius ( ! sph]e1 #ba_/ in*es2 diamet] ( ! base1 #dj in*es2 extreme height1 #be in*es2 ?ickness ( iron1 sev5-t5?s ( an in*2 weight1 empty 9 ! air1 #a1cee p\nds2 :5 subm]g$ x loses #eae p\nds4 ,! capacity ( ?is case is ab\t #e cubic feet4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #i4--;,gr\nd m9e case4 ,a m9e cap is provid$ to clamp ! ,turk's-head ( ! m9e cable1 to cov] & protect ! portion ( ! core expos$ outside ! case1 & to s]ve z an atta*m5t = ! moor+ & ! rais+ ropes4 ,?is cap is held to ! m9e case by six bolts1 & is fitt$ ) two r+s1 "o = atta*m5t ( ! moor+ rope ( ! circuit-clos] buoy & ! o!r = atta*m5t ( ! rais+ rope4 ,! comp\nd plug1 gr\nd m9e4--,?is is simil> to ! comp\nd plug = buoyant m9es4 ,! circuit clos] is plac$ 9 a buoy above ! m9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj;a4--,,automatic ,,an*or4 ,! mu%room an*or4--,! #a1jjj-p\nd an*or is 9 %ape a "r cyl9d] ab\t #aj in*es 9 height & #bf in*es 9 diamet]1 slightly di%$ on ! bottom to increase ! hold+ p[] 9 mud4 ,= a rock bottom six project+ toes increase ! hold+ p[]2 correspond+ depressions on ! top p]mit pil+ :5 9 /ore4 ,! heavy an*ors1 #b1jjj & #c1jjj p\nds1 are ( ! same =m4 ,! cyl9drical =m is adopt$ to facilitate h&l+1 s9ce 9 t %ape ! an*or may be roll$ readily on its edge4 ,! absolute /ress ( ! m9e & its moor+s ^u a mu%room an*or ( ?is k9d is easily comput$1 be+ ! squ>e root ( ! sum ( ! squ>es ( ! buoyant ef=t & ( ! horizontal pressure ex]t$ by ! curr5t4 ,! latt]1 9 p\nds p] squ>e foot ( expos$ cross section1 may be e/imat$ at "o-half ! squ>e ( ! velocity ( ! curr5t 9 feet p] second4 ,a coeffici5t ( safety %\ld cov] ! j]k+ effect ( ! waves & ! %ocks ( fri5dly vessels4 ,x w1 ( c\rse1 v>y ) ! locality & ) ! absolute weight ( ! an*or1 b 9 g5]al a value f #c to #e is consid]$ suffici5t4 ,! hold+ p[] ( su* an an*or v>ies greatly ) ! nature ( ! bottom4 ,if ?is be h>d1 ! dead weight alone mu/ be dep5d$ ^u2 if s(t1 at lea/ d\ble p[] may be anticipat$4 ,9 swift wat] ! buoyant m9e c be bett] held 9 position by two an*ors *a9$ toge!r4 ,! %ackles4--,! wire moor+ rope is atta*$ to ! an*or & to ! case by %ackles1 ( :i* !re are two sizes4 ,! an*or %ackle consi/s ( a wr\ght iron /rap ) two eyes b5t into ! usual curv$ =m & (f]+ a ?ickness ( #a in*es at ! bottom1 :]e ! we> & s& cutt+ is greate/1 & ( a #a-;in* wr\ght iron bolt fitt$ flu% ) ! outside ( ! /raps4 ,! bolt is held 9 position by a split key1 :i*1 aft] ins]tion ?r\gh a small hole 9 ! bolt & "o ( ! eyes 79 ! old model71 is op5$ s t x c n "w loose4 ,! m9e %ackle is light]1 be+ #a in* ?ick at ! bottom1 ) a #a-;in* bolt2 o!rwise x is id5tical 9 patt]n ) ! an*or %ackle4 ,si/] hooks4--,!y are us$ to connect ! bail ( ! mu%room an*or to ! an*or %ackle4 ,!y are ( drop-=g$ /eel ( high t5sile /r5g? & weigh ab\t #g p\nds p] pair4 ,! automatic an*or1 ,artill]y type1 #aiaj 7see figs4 #aj a & b74--,?is is a device int5d$ = use ) buoyant m9es1 & by means ( :i* su* m9es may be an*or$ 9 any dep? ( wat]1 ) any desir$ dep? ( subm]g5ce giv5 automatically4 ,! an*or is bell-%ap$1 #bh in*es 9 diamet] at ! bottom1 #bh in*es high ov] all1 & compos$ ( ! foll[+ p>ts3 ,body1 cov]1 reel1 j\rnal-box caps1 rat*et1 pawl1 pawl spr+1 di/ance rope1 di/ance weight1 brakes1 bails1 necess>y bolts1 wr5*es1 & crank h&les4 ,! pawl is drawn away f ! rat*et by a weight susp5d$ a c]ta9 di/ance bel[ ! an*or4 ,?is is call$ ! di/ance weight1 & ! subm]g5ce is regulat$ by ! di/ance ?is weight is f ! an*or4 ,9 fall+ ?r\gh ! wat] ! moor+ rope w unreel & ! m9e w rema9 on ! surface1 b :5 ! di/ance weight rea*es ! bottom ! pawl spr+ =ces ! pawl into ! tee? ( ! rat*et1 & z ! latt] is atta*$ to ! reel %aft1 x prev5ts ! reel f turn+ & h5ce unreel+4 ,^! an*ors weigh approximately #a1ejj p\nds1 includ+ ! #bjj-p\nd di/ance weight4 ,9 ord] to control ! spe$ ( revolution ( ! reel1 ! friction brakes mu/ be adju/$ prop]ly4 ,to d ?is1 a pull is put on ! moor+ rope ) a spr+ balance rigg$ to %[ ! am\nt ( pull2 ! pull = a p>ticul> size ( case is det]m9$ by exp]im5t4 ,= a ,no4 #dj m9e case ! adju/+ screws ( ! brake %oes are regulat$ s t ! reel w revolve sl[ly :5 a pull ( #cjj p\nds is regi/]$4 ,! pawl spr+ is #i in*es long & ( su* /r5g? t a pull ( #cf p\nds w ext5d ! spr+ #a in*es4 ,! pawl spr+ bolt is ( su* l5g? t ! pawl spr+ w be j at ! po9t ( t5sion :5 ! top ( ! pawl spr+ bolt is flu% ) ! top ( ! pawl spr+-bolt nut & ! pawl fully seat$ 9 ! rat*et4 ,:5 ! tidal curr5ts are su* z to require a heavi] an*or to hold ! m9e ?an ! #a1ejj-p\nd automatic an*or1 ! foll[+ comb9ation an*or w be us$3 ,atta* a mu%room an*or by means ( a moor+ rope 7ab\t #h feet long7 & clips to ! bail 9 ! bottom ( ! automatic an*or4 ,if necess>y1 two mu%room an*ors may be fa/5$ toge!r by bolts & ^! atta*$ to ! automatic an*or z /at$ above4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aj;b4--,,automatic ,,an*or4 ,a #c1jjj-p\nd automatic an*or1 simil> to ! #a1ejj-p\nd automatic an*or1 is suppli$ = "s localities4 ,! moor+ sockets4--,to connect ! wire moor+ rope to ! %ackles at ! m9e & ! an*or1 a clos$ socket is atta*$ at ea* end4 ,! eye ( ! socket has a cle> op5+1 #a_/ in*es1 design$ to receive ! bolt ( ! %ackle4 ,! end ( ! rope is pass$ into ! socket1 spread out1 & secur$ by p\r+ 9 a melt$ socket alloy4 ,a sub/itute me?od = connect+ ! wire moor+ rope to ! %ackles is to b5d ! ends ( ! moor+ rope by means ( a small vise ar\nd a galvaniz$ iron ?imble & fa/5 ! end by two bolt$ clips4 ,wire moor+ rope4--,?is is ! highe/ grade ( -in* galvaniz$-/eel wire rope1 consi/+ ( #f comp\nd /r&s1 ea* made ( #ai wires1 ! :ole laid ar\nd a /eel c5t]4 ,its break+ /r5g? :5 new is ab\t #ah tons4 ,its weight p] runn+ foot1 subm]g$1 is ab\t eight-t5?s ( a p\nd4 ,x is us$ = moor+ m9es to mu%room an*ors4 ,m>l9e-cov]$ wire moor+ rope4--,= moor+ m9es to ! automatic an*ors & = rais+ rope m>l9e-cov]$ wire rope is us$4 ,?is rope consi/s ( five out] /r&s w\nd ar\nd a c5tral hemp core4 ,ea* ( ! out] /r&s consi/s ( a small twi/$ wire rope w\nd ar\nd ) f\r /r&s ( m>l9e4 ,"o end ( ! rope is prep>$ = atta*m5t to ! m9e by pass+ x ov] a ?imble & fa/5+ x to ! /&+ "p by means ( two clips4 ,a %ackle jo9s ! ?imble & ! bail ( ! m9e4 ,! o!r end ( ! rope is made secure to ! reel ( ! an*or4 ,! break+ /r5g? ( -in* m>l9e-cov]$ rope is #ag1jjj p\nds1 t ( -in* m>l9e-cov]$ rope is #bg1jjj p\nds4 ,! weight p] runn+ foot ( ! -in* rope is #j4e p\nd1 t ( ! -in* rope is #j4h p\nd4 ,! weight ( ?is rope subm]g$ is ab\t #fj p] c5t ( its weight 9 air4 ,ab\t #aee feet ( ! -in* & #he feet ( ! -in* m>l9e-cov]$ rope c conv5i5tly be w\nd on ! #f-;in* reel ( ! #a1ejj-p\nd automatic an*or4 ,m>l9e-cov]$ wire di/ance weight rope4--,= atta*+ di/ance weights to ! automatic an*or -in* m>l9e-cov]$ wire rope is us$4 ,?is rope is id5tical 9 patt]n ) ! m>l9e-cov]$ wire moor+ rope4 ,! di/ribution box1 #ai-;conductor4--,?is is a circul>1 ca/-iron1 disk-%ap$ box :i* receives ! end ( ! multiple cable1 9 :i* tap$ jo9ts are made betwe5 ! sep>ate conductors ( ?is cable & ! s+le-conductor m9e cables1 & f :i* ^! m9e cables radiate4 ,x is ab\t #bg in*es 9 diamet] & weighs ab\t #cjj p\nds4 ,x consi/s ( two p>ts1 a b[l-%ap$ bottom #f in*es deep inside & a slightly curv$ lid4 ,! latt] has an iron r+ 9 its c5t] by :i* ! box is rais$ & l[]$4 ,eight p9s1 fa/5$ to ! bottom1 fit 9 correspond+ holes 9 ! edges ( ! lid & are slott$ = keys by :i* ! two p>ts are fa/5$ toge!r4 ,! v]tical edge ( ! bottom is cut ) #bj slots1 ea* ab\t #b in*es deep4 ,"o ( ^! is l>g] ?an ! o!rs & receives ! multiple cable2 ! o!rs are = ! s+le conductor cables4 ,:5 9 use ^! slots are numb]$ clockwise f ! multiple-conductor slot1 look+ d[n into ! box4 ,! lid has correspond+ projections or lugs :i* ent] ^! slots1 & :i*1 9 position1 fit snugly aga9/ ! cable ends4 ,! cables are held f be+ pull$ out by ,turk's-heads work$ ^u !m4 ,to prev5t ! cable ends f accid5tally slipp+ out ( ! slots :ile jo9ts are be+ made betwe5 !m be=e ! lid is put on1 ! multiple cable is secur$ by a bolt$ coll> on ! inside ( ! box1 ! s+le-conductor cables by clipp+ _! ,turk's-heads "u claw-l radial projections ca/ ^u ! inside rim betwe5 ! slots4 ,! di/ribution box1 #g-;conductor4--,?is box is us$ ) multiple cable1 #g-;conductor4 ,x consi/s ( two circul> plates ( ca/-iron #ba in*es 9 diamet] & ?ree-f\r?s ( an in* ?ick unit$ by f\r #a-;in* bolts1 :i* are plac$ 9 r\nd$ projections =m+ ! angles ( a squ>e4 ,! cables are sep>ately clamp$1 ! top plate ov]lapp+ ! clamp /raps4 ,! multiple cable ent]s on "o side2 ?ree s+le-conductor cables ent] on ! opposite side1 & two on ea* ( ! int]m$iate sides4 ,! top plate is provid$ ) a l[]+ r+4 ,! junction boxes4--,^! boxes1 9 diff]5t sizes1 are us$ 9 splic+ multiple & s+le-conductor cables2 !y consi/ ( two rectangul> plates ( iron or /eel unit$ by f\r -in* bolts at ! corn]s4 ,! plates are holl[$ 9 ! middle to =m a *amb] to receive ! ,turk's-heads & ! jo9ts connect+ ! conductors4 ,! ends ( ! plates are curv$ to admit ! cable ends4 ,! ,turk's-heads are clamp$ to ! l[] plate by /raps & screw bolts1 ! cavity ( ! upp] plate cov]+ !m :5 bolt$ 9 position4 ,ea* cable end is ?us made fa/ be=e ! box is clos$4 ,! di/ribution box buoy4--,?is buoy is us$ to m>k ! position ( ! di/ribution box dur+ ! plant+ ( m9es & subsequ5tly1 9 practice & 9 s]vice1 until su* "t z ! m9e comm&] desires to remove x4 ,x may be ei!r a c or a keg buoy--a be] keg ( "o-half b>rel capacity is well suit$ = ?is purpose4 ,! m9e buoy4--,?is buoy is us$ to m>k ! position ( ! m9e :5 plant$4 ,x may be a small c buoy1 pref]ably cork fill$1 or a piece ( wood ) a hole bor$ ?r\gh x4 ,! size ( ! buoy is det]m9$ by ! swiftness ( ! curr5t4 ,x is atta*$ to ! maneuv]+ r+ ( ! buoyant m9e by #fj feet ( -in* rope4 ,! measur+ reel & frame4--,! frame consi/s ( two longitud9al pieces1 #c by #d by #ff in*es1 plac$ #ag in*es ap>t1 c5t] to c5t]4 ,at #aa in*es f ea* end two cross pieces1 #c by #d by #bj in*es 9 l5g?1 are fa/5$ to ! longitud9al pieces ) ?r\gh bolts4 ,at ! c5t] po9t ( ^! cross pieces are plac$ /&>ds1 #c by #d by #af in*es1 :i* h j\rnals = ! axle ( ! reel1 c\nt]-sunk 9 _! upp] ends4 ,two iron braces1 "o on ea* side1 hold ea* /&>d firmly 9 a v]tical position4 ,an iron clamp is also atta*$ to ! upp] ends ( ! /&>ds1 by means ( :i* ! axle is prev5t$ f jump+ out ( ! j\rnals4 ,di/ance f c5t] to c5t] ( /&>ds is #dc in*es4 ,! iron axle ( ! reel is #a-;in* r\nd iron1 #ed in*es 9 l5g?4 ,at ea* end ( ! axle a screw ?read is cut = ! nut :i* holds ! crank 9 place4 ,inside ! screw ?read ! axle is squ>$ to receive ! socket ( ! crank4 ,two coll>s prev5t ! wood5 reel f b9d+ on ei!r /&>d4 ,! cranks are ( ! usual design4 ,! drum ( ! reel is #h in*es 9 diamet]2 heads are #b in*es ?ick1 made 9 two lay]s1 cross-gra9$1 & are #bd in*es 9 diamet]2 l5g? ( drum ov] all is #cf in*es4 ,iron plates are fa/5$ 9 ! c5t] ( ea* head1 ?r\gh :i* ! axle passes4 ,! reel is prev5t$ f turn+ on ! axle by keys4 ,?ree -in* rods pass ?r\gh ! iron plates & drum & b9d ^! p>ts firmly toge!r4 ,at #f in*es f ! ends ( ! longitud9al pieces a hole is bor$ to receive a lag screw1 in* by #f in*es1 by means ( :i* ! :ole app>atus c be firmly fa/5$ to ! deck4 ,! brake is a piece ( #c by #c by #cf in* h>dwood1 us$ z a lev] to br+ pressure on ! drumhead4 ,!re is "o = ea* side1 &1 :5 n 9 use1 ea* re/s on "o ( ! longitud9als1 be+ held 9 place at "o end by two /aples & at ! o!r end by a bolt & p94 ,ne> ! drum on "o head is a hole ?r\gh :i* ! inn] end ( ! measur+ l9e c be pass$ & /apl$ to ! outside ( ! head4 ,! cable-reel frame4--,! frame is made 9 two p>ts :i*1 :5 9 use1 are held 9 prop] relative positions by means ( two iron ties provid$ ) turnbuckles at _! c5t]s4 ,! ends ( ^! ties are b5t ov] at "r angles & fit 9 sockets 9 ! two end p>ts4 ,ea* end "p consi/s ( a /&>d hav+ an iron head ?r\gh :i* works a screw turn$ by a small lev]1 ! upp] end c>ry+ a j\rnal 9 :i* ! end ( ! reel axle re/s4 ,! l[] end ( ! /&>d re/s on a horizontal piece & has a diagonal brace on ea* side1 ! out] ends ( ^! braces be+ dovetail$ into ! longitud9al piece & ! inn] ends into ! /&>d ne> ! top4 ,dovetail$ into ! longitud9al piece at its middle po9t is a piece ext5d+ out at "r angles1 bottom flu% ) bottom ( ! longitud9al4 ,a diagonal brace simil>ly fa/5$ prev5ts any outw>d movem5t ( ! /&>d4 ,! :ole is held firmly toge!r by bolts & lag screws4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #aa4--;,,boat ,,telephone1 ,,model #aijf4 ,lag screws are also provid$1 by means ( :i* ! ends ( ! frames c be fa/5$ to ! deck ( ! vessel if desir$4 ,! reel axle is #b by #b in* squ>$ iron1 r\nd$ at ! ends = #f in*es to fit ! j\rnals ( ! frame4 ,a disk secur$ by a set-screw at "o end ( ! axle & ! friction brake :eel at ! o!r end hold ! axle 9 position ) respect to ! reel4 ,! brake :eel is #ah in*es 9 diamet]4 ,! friction b& is #a in*es by in*1 & is fa/5$ at "o end to "o ( ! /&>ds ( ! frame4 ,! o!r end is atta*$ to a lev] ^: fulcrum is also atta*$ to ! same /&>d4 ,boat telephones4--,! diff]5t models 9 use are z foll[s3 7a7 ,model #aijd4--,! sy/em consi/s ( two telephone h& sets1 a buzz]1 & a batt]y ( dry cells ( ab\t #h volts1 all connect$ 9 s]ies by means ( cable & e>? connections4 ,9 op]at+ ! telephones a call is made by press+ ! button1 & :5 talk+ ! lev] is held d[n4 7b7 ,model #aijf4--,! sy/em consi/s ( two telephone h& sets1 a reactance coil1 & a s\rce ( en]gy t w furni% ab\t #ae volts1 dry cells pref]r$1 connect$ z %[n 9 figure #aa4 ,! t]m9als d n h to be pol$1 z ! receiv] is n 9 ! prim>y circuit & c n be demagnetiz$4 ,to regulate ! buzz]1 remove ! cap 9 ! base & ) a small screw driv] loos5 ! lock nut on ! c5t] screw 7a small portion ( a turn is all t is necess>y74 ,) a small] screw driv] ! screw may be adju/$ to increase or decrease ! rate ( vibration1 increas+ or decreas+ ! s\nd4 ,!n tight5 ! lock nut4 ,9 case ! contact is dirty ! entire buzz] & cond5s] may be remov$ by disconnect+ ! cord & remov+ ! screw on ! back ( ! telephone j bel[ ! call button4 ,z ! contacts are alum9um1 ?is w seldom h to be done4 7c7 ,model #aiji4--,! sy/em consi/s ( two telephone h& sets1 an app>atus box1 & a batt]y ( f #g to #aj volts1 all connect$ z %[n 9 figure #ab4 ,! talk+ & r++ circuits are normally op5 at ! talk+ & r++ buttons1 respectively4 ,app>atus box4--,sev5 dry cells 9 s]ies %\ld be connect$ to ! po/s ( ! app>atus box m>k$ 80 & 8-10 & ! po/ m>k$ 8,g0 connect$ to a gr\nd plate4 ,%ore h& set4--,! blue cord ( ! %ore h& set %\ld be connect$ to ! gr\nd plate4 ,ei!r ( ! r$ cords ( ! %ore h& set %\ld be connect$ to ! po/ 9 ! app>atus box m>k$ 8,l0 & ! o!r to ! conductor 9 ! cable t is to be us$ = telephon+ purposes4 ,boat h& set4--,! blue cord ( ! boat h& set %\ld be connect$ to ! gr\nd plate & "o ( ! r$ cords to ! conductor 9 ! cable to :i* ! h& set on ! %ore is connect$4 ,! o!r r$ cord is free4 ,signal+4--,f figure #ab x w be se5 t 9 ei!r h& set1 :5 nei!r ! r++ nor ! talk+ swit* is clos$1 a cond5s] )9 ! h& set is 9 s]ies ) ! transmitt] & ! receiv]1 s t ! practical effect is to p]mit an alt]nat+ or v>iable curr5t to pass ?r\gh ! transmitt] & ! receiv]1 b to prev5t a direct or cont9u\s curr5t f s do+4 ,by press+ ! r++ key ( ei!r h& set ! circuit 9 t h& set is clos$ ?r\gh ! #a1jjj ohms resi/ance & ! receiv] to gr\nd4 ,?us1 :5 ! r++ key ( ! boat h& set is press$1 ?is all[s ! direct curr5t f ! batt]y to pass 7see fig4 #ab7 ?r\gh f1 e1 d1 c1 8,b10 b1 a1 l9e1 ! r++ key1 #a1jjj-ohm resi/ance1 & receiv] ( ! boat h& set1 to gr\nd1 & back ?r\gh o & p to batt]y4 ,simil>ly1 a circuit ?r\gh ! batt]y1 f1 8,a10 & a1 is made1 ?us plac+ relays 8,a0 & 8,b0 9 p>allel4 ,! relay 8,b0 op]ates1 b relay 8,a10 be+ less s5sitive ?an 8,b10 does n op]ate4 ,relay 8,b0 closes ! circuit at l1 & ?us completes ! circuit f batt]y ?r\gh f1 e1 d1 c1 k1 l1 8,c10 o1 p1 back to batt]y4 ,?is causes relay 8,c0 to op]ate & to complete a local circuit f batt]y ?r\gh f1 e1 d1 k1 m1 s1 prim>y1 t1 vibrator1 p1 back to batt]y1 caus+ ! vibrator to vibrate & induc+ 9 ! second>y w9d+ ( ! induction coil an alt]nat+ curr5t1 :i* passes ?r\gh ! #a ,m4 ,f4 & #b ,m4 ,f4 cond5s]s1 ?r\gh ! h& sets 9 p>allel1 & by alt]nately increas+ & decreas+ ! attraction ( ! receiv] magnets = _! diaphragms produces a l\d humm+ s\nd 9 ea* receiv]4 ,simil>ly ! %ore /ation may call ! boat /ation4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ab4--;,,boat ,,telephone1 ,,model #aiji4 ,talk+4--,:5 ! r++ key is releas$ & ! talk+ key is depress$ ! #a1jjj-ohm resi/ance is cut out & ! cond5s] 9 ! h& set is %ort circuit$4 ,! curr5t is !n suffici5t to op]ate relay 8,a10 & ?is relay 9 op]at+ all[s ! o!r relays to resume _! normal positions4 ,:5 ! v>iations 9 ! pressure ^u ! transmitt] diaphragm 9 ei!r h& set v>ies ! resi/ance ( ! correspond+ bran* circuit a slight v>iation 9 ! curr5t f ! batt]y is produc$4 ,! int]nal resi/ance ( ! batt]y is suffici5t to produce a slight v>iation 9 its t]m9al voltage4 ,! result+ v>iations 9 ! l9e voltage1 & h5ce 9 ! drop across ! receiv]s1 produce ! usual vibrations 9 ! receiv] diaphragms4 ,^! v>iations also produce slight v>iations 9 ! curr5t ?r\gh ! prim>y w9d+ ( ! induction coil1 result+ 9 great] v>iations across ! t]m9als ( ! second>y w9d+4 ,s9ce ! second>y w9d+ is 9 s]ies ) ! batt]y1 ! practical effect is to amplify ! v>iations 9 ! l9e voltage1 & h5ce 9 ! talk+ curr5ts4 ,successful work+ ( ! relays is obta9$ only by a c>eful adju/m5t ( ! screws :i* regulate ! ?r[ ( ! armatures4 ,! relay 8,a0 is locat$ 9 front ( ! 80 batt]y po/1 ! relay 8,c0 9 front ( ! 8,g0 po/4 ,9 addition to ! above matriel !re are necess>y = ! m9e sy/em c]ta9 electrical in/rum5ts1 z well z tools1 appliances1 & supplies requir+ no special description1 :i* are enum]at$ 9 ! supply li/4 7,app5dix #h47 ,figures #ag;a & #ag;b1 at ! end ( ! book1 %[ ! con/ruction ( an improvis$ m9e t>get4 ,,*apt] ,,iii4 ,,load+ ,,room ,,duties4 ,mak+ a telegraph jo9t4--,! insulation is remov$ f ! ends = #a in*es & ! wires bright5$4 ,! ends to be jo9$ are plac$ across ea* o!r ab\t "o-?ird di/ance f ! insulation1 mak+ an angle ( ab\t #de ) ea* o!r4 ,! wires are grasp$ firmly at ! junction & ea* free end w\nd tightly ar\nd ! o!r wire = f\r turns2 ! w9d+ %\ld be 9 opposite directions4 ,! ends ( ! wires are trimm$ d[n s !y w be smoo? & pres5t no %>p po9ts4 ,:5 wires are jo9$ ) brass jo9t]s ?ree-f\r?s in* ( ea* wire is b>$ & ! wires are ins]t$ 9 ! jo9t]2 ea* end is crimp$ ) pli]s 9 ! direction ( ! long] axis2 ! re/ ( ! jo9t] is crimp$ & ! ends or %>p po9ts r\nd$ (f4 ,:5 brass jo9t]s are us$ c>e %\ld be ex]cis$ n to crimp !m too h>d1 z ! wires may be p>tly cut ?r\gh & f9ally brok54 ,special c>e mu/ be us$ ) ! fuse leads1 z ! second>y circuit ( ! m9e trans=m] c n be te/$ aft] ! comp\nd plug is assembl$4 ,insulat+ a jo9t4--,a piece ( rubb] tape ab\t #b in*es long is us$1 ) ends cut diagonally4 ,! tape is /ret*$1 & />t+ at a po9t ab\t ?ree-f\r?s in* back on ! insulation1 ) ! long edge ( ! tape on ! inside1 x is w\nd ar\nd ! jo9t "u t5sion1 ea* turn cov]+ ! previ\s turn ab\t "o-?ird4 ,! wrapp+ is cont9u$ until ! same am\nt ( insulation is cov]$ on ea* side1 :5 ! wrapp+ is work$ backw>d ov] ! jo9t & ! end is secur$ by press+ x firmly a %ort "t or plac+ a drop ( cem5t "u x4 ,mak+ a wat]-tight jo9t4--,! two ends ( wire are scrap$ clean = ab\t ?ree-f\r?s ( an in* & jo9$ by a brass jo9t]1 :i* is !n crimp$4 ,! insulation is scrap$ clean ab\t #b in*es on ea* side ( ! jo9t] & cov]$ ) rubb] cem5t4 7,cem5t is n absolutely ess5tial47 ,two /rips ( rubb] tape are cut ab\t #f in*es long1 ) diagonal ends1 & /ret*$4 ,beg9n+ ab\t #a in*es along ! insulation1 ! tape1 ) ! long edge on ! inside1 is wrapp$ firmly & tightly until ab\t "o-f\r? ( an in* ( ! insulation on ! o!r side is cov]$2 x is w\nd back & =? ov] ! jo9t s z to tap] t[>d ! ends4 ,! o!r piece ( tape is us$1 beg9n+ at ! o!r end & wrapp+ z be=e4 ,! f9i%$ insulation %\ld be ?ick at ! middle & tap] t[>d ! ends4 ,x %\ld be firm & tight4 ,! insulation is cov]$ ) t9 foil1 wrapp$ ) protective tape1 & vulcaniz$ = ab\t #cj seconds4 ,! protective tape & t9 foil are !n remov$1 ! jo9t inspect$1 & new protective tape wrapp$ on1 us+ two pieces1 />t+ at opposite ends & f9ally end+ ea* beyond ! c5t]4 ,mak+ a ,turk's-head4--,! cable is trimm$ squ>e & a wrapp+ ( f\r or five turns ( m>l9e is made ab\t #ae in*es f ! end4 ,! coll>1 flat side fir/1 is slipp$ on until x re/s on ! m>l9e2 ! iron wires are b5t back regul>ly ov] ! coll>4 ,! jute wrapp+ is unw\nd to ! coll> & trimm$1 & all ! iron wires are cut ) ! pli]s1 remov+ all b #d in*es & #f in*es f alt]nate /r&s2 ! iron wires are b5t sep>ately to fit ! coll> closely 7mak+ two "r angles ) ! pli]s71 & ! ends arrang$ smoo?ly along ! cable2 ! end ( a piece ( m>l9e is engag$ "u "o ( ! wires ne> ! coll> & wrapp$ regul>ly & closely ar\nd ! cable1 & ! free end ( m>l9e secur$ ) two half hit*es4 ,ab\t #ae feet ( m>l9e are requir$ = s+le conductor cable2 #bd feet = multiple cable4 ,te/+ fuses4--,! foll[+ app>atus is us$ = te/+ 9 ! load+ room3 ,a d\ble-pole d\ble-?r[ swit*1 a #aej-volt voltmet]1 & suffici5t dry cells to give a full ?r[ :5 us+ ! l[] scale ( ! voltmet]4 ,! app>atus is connect$ up on ! te/+ table s z to make resi/ance measurem5ts by ! voltmet] me?od4 ,to te/ fuses1 leads are c>ri$ f ! swit* to an iron or o!r suitable receptacle outside ( ! build+ & ! fuse leads jo9$ !reto4 ,a full deflection %\ld be obta9$ :5 ! circuit is clos$ ?r\gh ! fuses4 ,prep>+ a comp\nd plug = s]vice4--,! trans=m] to be us$ is fir/ te/$ = a good circuit betwe5 ! r$ wires1 a poor circuit betwe5 ! ends ( ! black wire1 a good circuit betwe5 ! black or prim>y lead & ! reactance t]m9al1 no circuit betwe5 ! r$ & black wires1 & no circuit betwe5 any wire & ! case4 ,! resi/ance ( ! circuits is det]m9$ by ! voltmet] me?od4 ,! upp] end ( ! black wire 7see fig4 #h7 is prep>$ = use by b>+ ! wire = ab\t "o-half in* & secur+ x to ! b9d+ po/ 9 ! neck ( ! trans=m]4 ,! ball seat is screw$ home4 ,! spr+ plate1 di/ance r+1 & ball are plac$ 9 ! circuit-clos] cap1 :i* is held inv]t$ & ! trans=m] screw$ into x1 ! ?reads be+ coat$ ) rub]9e4 7a7 ,old model1 brass fuse c4--,/>t+ ) ! comp\nd plug dismantl$4 ,a piece ( load+ wire is cut ab\t #c feet long & ! ends b>$4 ,"o end is jo9$ by a telegraph jo9t to ! prim>y t]m9al ( ! trans=m] & ! jo9t is tap$4 ,?is wire & ! two second>y wires are drawn ?r\gh ! fuse c1 :i* is screw$ on ! trans=m]1 ! ?reads ( ! latt] hav+ fir/ be5 coat$ ) rub]9e4 ,two m9e s]vice fuses1 :i* h be5 te/$ = cont9uity ( circuit1 are connect$ 9 multiple across ! second>y 7r$7 t]m9als & ! jo9ts tap$4 ,! c is held v]tically & ! explosive1 if trotol1 p\r$ 9 up to ! screw ?reads = ! fuse c cap2 if dynamite1 inclos$ 9 a clo? bag & plac$ 9 ! c4 ,! fuses are emb$d$ 9 ! explosive4 ,! load+ wire is drawn ?r\gh a lead wa%] & ! fuse c cap2 ! latt]1 its ?reads hav+ be5 coat$ ) rub]9e1 is screw$ into place4 ,a rubb] pack+ is pu%$ ov] ! load+ wire into ! /uff+ box 9 ! fuse c cap1 a brass gl& is ?read$ d[n s t x is close aga9/ ! rubb] pack+1 & ! foll[] is screw$ home ) mod]ate pressure4 ,! l[] tube is screw$ into place1 compress+ a lead wa%] betwe5 x & ! fuse c cap4 ,! ?reads ( ! foll[] & l[] tube are coat$ ) rub]9e4 ,! load+ wire is drawn ?r\gh a lead wa%] & ! hole 9 ! plug prop]1 & ! latt] screw$ h>d aga9/ ! l[] tube4 ,a rubb] pack+ & a brass gl& are plac$ ^u ! load+ wire & =c$ into _! seat 9 ! plug prop] by means ( ! foll[]1 ! ?reads ( :i* h be5 coat$ ) rub]9e4 7b7 ,rubb] fuse c4--,/>t+ ) ! comp\nd plug dismantl$4 ,two m9e s]vice fuses1 :i* h be5 te/$ = cont9uity ( circuit1 are cut ) #i-;in* leads1 wires b>$ = ab\t #a in* & connect$ 9 multiple4 ,a piece ( load+ wire is cut ab\t #c feet long & ! ends b>$ = telegraph jo9ts4 ,x is ?read$ ?r\gh a hole 9 a cake ( dry guncotton4 ,! two fuses are ins]t$ by pu%+ ea* sep>ately into ! same hole & ! load+ wire drawn up until x is ! same l5g? above ! cake z ! fuse leads4 ,?ree o!r prim] cakes are ?read$ on ! wire2 two above ! fuses1 & "o bel[4 ,?is arrangem5t w leave ! fuses 9 ! ?ird cake4 ,! cakes are held 9 "o h& ) ! fuse leads upright1 & ! fuse c slipp$ ov] ! cakes1 be+ c>eful to ?read ! fuse leads & load+ wire ?r\gh ! op5+4 ,! screw ?reads ( ! fuse c cap are cov]$ ) rub]9e & x is screw$ firmly into place onto ! fuse c4 ,! /uff+ box ( ! cap is assembl$4 ,! plug prop] is held upright 9 a vise4 ,! fuse c1 ! ?reads ( ! cap hav+ be5 coat$ ) rub]9e1 is screw$ home & secur$ by its set-screw4 ,! load+ wire mu/ be pull$ ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 ! plug prop] ) extreme c>e4 ,x mu/ n be injur$ 9 plac+ ! fuse c 9 position & 9 screw+ x home4 ,! trans=m] leads are cut ab\t #f in*es long1 & ! ends b>$ = #a in*4 ,! brass coll> is screw$ on ! trans=m]2 a little rub]9e on ! screw ?reads facilitates ! op]ation4 ,! connect+ coll> is slipp$ ov] ! fuse leads & load+ wire & all[$ to re/ on ! fuse c4 ,! trans=m] is support$ by all[+ two ( ! connect+ bolts to slip into ! holes 9 ! coll>2 telegraph jo9ts or brass jo9t]s may be us$ betwe5 ! second>y leads & ! fuses & betwe5 ! prim>y lead & ! load+ wire4 ,! jo9ts are w\nd ) rubb] tape1 c>e be+ tak5 t !re are no %>p ends to cut ?r\gh ! tape4 ,! trans=m] is rais$ v]tically above ! fuse c until ! lead wires are ext5d$4 ,x is l[]$ & at ! same "t ! leads are coil$ 9 ! base ( ! trans=m]4 ,z ! trans=m] & coll> approa* _! position on ! connect+ bolts1 ! connect+ coll> is screw$ on ! trans=m]1 ! ?reads ( ! trans=m] hav+ be5 cov]$ ) rub]9e4 ,! connect+ coll> w take c>e ( ! rema9d] ( ! leads & jo9ts4 ,! set-screw 9 ! connect+ coll> is screw$ home2 ! brass coll> is plac$ on ! connect+ bolts & secur$ 9 position by ! nuts & cott] p9s4 ,! lips ( ! fuse c & connect+ coll> are cov]$ ) a ?9 cov]+ ( rubb] cem5t4 ,a piece ( rubb] tape is cut ab\t #ah in*es long & laid ar\nd ?is op5+ )\t /ret*+4 ,a piece ( protective tape is cut ab\t #ah in*es long & laid ov] ! rubb] tape ) consid]able /ress4 ,?is =ces ! s(t tape ov] ! lips on ! connect+ coll> & ! fuse c & makes a tight b flexible jo9t4 ,! /uff+ box 9 ! plug prop] is prep>$ z "u 7a74 ,great c>e mu/ be tak5 n to injure ! insulation ( ! load+ wire 9 tight5+ up ! foll[] 9 ! /uff+ box ( ! fuse c or ( ! plug prop]4 7c7 ,trotol fuse c4--,/>t+ ) ! comp\nd plug dismantl$4 ,two m9e s]vice fuses1 :i* h be5 te/$ = cont9uity ( circuit1 are cut ) #ab-;in* leads1 ! wires b>$ = #a in* & connect$ 9 multiple4 ,a piece ( load+ wire is cut ab\t #c feet long & ! ends b>$ = telegraph jo9ts4 ,! load+ wire is ?read$ ?r\gh ! fuse c & cap4 ,! ?reads ( ! fuse c are cov]$ ) rub]9e4 ,! c is screw$ into ! cap4 ,! ?reads ( ! connect+ coll> are coat$ ) rub]9e & ! coll> is screw$ d[n entirely4 ,! load+ wire %\ld project ab\t #d in*es above ! connect+ coll>4 ,! /uff+ box ( ! cap is prep>$4 ,! plug prop] is held upright 9 a vise4 ,! fuse c cap1 its ?reads hav+ be5 coat$ ) rub]9e1 is screw$ firmly into ! plug prop] by means ( a spann] wr5*4 ,! load+ wire mu/ be pull$ ?r\gh ! op5+ 9 ! plug prop] ) extreme c>e4 ,x mu/ n be injur$ 9 plac+ ! fuse c 9 position & screw+ x home4 ,! fuses are ins]t$ 9 ! fuse c1 :i* is fill$ ) trotol to ! top ( ! connect+ coll>4 ,! trans=m] leads are cut #d in*es long & ! ends b>$ = #a in*4 ,! ?reads ( ! brass coll> are cov]$ ) rub]9e4 ,x is screw$ on ! trans=m]4 ,! latt] is rais$ v]tically above ! fuse c & l[]$ on ! connect+ bolts4 ,telegraph jo9ts are made betwe5 ! second>y leads & ! fuses & ! prim>y lead & ! load+ wire4 ,! jo9ts are w\nd ) rubb] tape1 c>e be+ tak5 t no %>p ends cut ?r\gh ! tape4 ,! leads & jo9ts are coil$ 9 ! base ( ! trans=m]4 ,! connect+ coll>1 its ?reads hav+ be5 cov]$ ) rub]9e1 is screw$ ^u ! trans=m] aga9/ ! brass coll>4 ,! bolt-secur+ nuts & cott] p9s are plac$ 9 position4 ,! /uff+ box 9 ! plug prop] is assembl$ z "u 7a74 ,! actual resi/ance ( ! assembl$ plug 9 ! v]tical & ! horizontal positions is det]m9$ by te/+ ) a voltmet]4 ,9 s]vice1 aft] ! load$ plug te/s out satisfactorily1 all set screws are set up4 ,:5 comp\nd plugs are prep>$ = drill or = in/ruction purposes ! use ( rub]9e or o!r wat]pro(+ mat]ial on ! screw ?reads is omitt$2 c>e mu/ be tak5 t ! trans=m] leads are n ne$lessly %ort5$4 ,load+ a m9e4--,! m9e case is c>ri$ f ! /or]oom to ! load+ room & plac$ on a load+ skid or o!r receptacle ) ! load+ hole up4 ,! plug is remov$ & ! screw ?reads are ?or\ghly clean$4 ,! explosive detail br+s 9 a box ( explosive f ! explosive h\se & ins]ts a load+ funnel into ! load+ hole4 ,! *>ge = a #cb-;in* m9e case is #ajj p\nds ( explosive4 ,= ! l>g] cases1 ! *>ge %\ld be ! maximum t ! conditions w>rant2 x is specifi$ at pres5t z #bjj p\nds1 ?\gh l>g] *>ges are desirable if en\gh explosive c be obta9$ & ! excess buoyancy ( ! case w w>rant ! use ( m ?an #bjj p\nds4 ,! c>tridges ( dynamite1 ! trotol1 or ! blocks ( guncotton are ins]t$ by h& & s plac$ 9 ! m9e case t !re w be ample room = ins]t+ ! comp\nd plug4 ,only "o box ( explosive = ea* m9e be+ load$ is br\ght into ! load+ room at "o "t4 ,aft] ! prop] am\nt ( explosive has be5 plac$ 9 ! m9e case ! screw ?reads are ?or\ghly clean$ ) button bru%es & !n coat$ ) rub]9e or o!r mat]ial to prev5t access ( wat]4 ,! comp\nd plug1 ) its screw ?reads simil>ly coat$1 is screw$ home ) ! socket wr5*1 a lead wa%] be+ us$ betwe5 ! plug & m9e case4 ,a b> put ?r\gh holes 9 ! sides ( ! skids & ?r\gh ! maneuv]+ r+ w prev5t ! case f fall+ ov] & f turn+ :ile ! comp\nd plug is be+ screw$ home4 ,9 ord] to insure sett+ ! comp\nd plug tight1 x is advisable to tap ! end ( ! lev] ( ! socket wr5* a few times ) a l>ge mallet or a l>ge wood5 b>4 ,! m9e cap is bolt$ on & ! m9e put 9 a tank = te/4 ,if "t admits1 x may rema9 9 ! wat] #bd h\rs4 ,x %\ld %[ practically ! same resi/ance z ! comp\nd plug4 ,if ?is te/ be made1 ! load+ wire mu/ be long en\gh = ?is purpose4 ,^u completion ( ?is te/ ! m9e is tak5 f ! tank1 ! load+ wire pu%$ inside ! cap to avoid injury 9 h&l+1 & ! load$ m9e tak5 to ! plant+ :>f4 ,! precautions to be obs]v$ 9 h&l+ explosives & load+ m9es are giv5 9 ,app5dix #a4 ,,*apt] ,,iv4 ,,locat+ ,,di/ribution ,,box1 ,,lay+ ,,multiple ,,cable1 ,,& ,,m>k+ ,,out ,,m9e ,,field4 7,,note4--,! op]ations 9 ,*apt]s ,,iv & ,v are describ$ 9 :at is ?\ght to be ! logical ord]1 b circum/ances may alt] _! sequ5ce1 &1 9 fact1 sev]al ( ! /eps may be c>ri$ on simultane\sly47 ,= ! "w on ! wat] !re w be ne$$ five boats1 viz41 a m9e plant] or suitably fitt$-up heavy tug1 a small tug or heavy laun* call$ ! di/ribution box boat1 & ?ree laun*es or yawls4 ,! capacity ( ! plant] is su* t a gr\p ( #ai m9es c be h&l$ at "o "t4 ,! in/ructions to be obs]v$ by ! ma/] ( a m9e plant] 9 m>k+ out a m9e field & 9 plant+ m9es are to be f\nd 9 ,app5dix ,no4 #f4 ,det]m9+ location = di/ribution box4--,f an exam9ation ( ! *>t1 or ( ! approv$ s*eme = m9+1 ! locations ( ! l9es & gr\ps ( m9es are det]m9$4 ,a di/ribution box is to be plac$ ab\t #cej feet 9 re> ( ! c5t] ( ea* gr\p ( m9es4 ,! locations = ! di/ribution boxes are m>k$ on ! plott+ bo>d & _! azimu?s f ea* ( ! ends ( ! horizontal base or _! azimu? & range f ! v]tical base /ation are det]m9$4 ,m>k+ location ( di/ribution box4--,an an*or ) buoy atta*$ is plac$ ^u ! deck ( a small tug & c>ri$ out to "o ( ! select$ spots4 ,by a sy/em ( signals ! boat is direct$ to ! location det]m9$ & !re ! an*or is ?r[n ov]bo>d4 ,! locations = ! o!r di/ribution boxes are m>k$ 9 a l mann]4 ,lay+ multiple cable4--,! cable-reel is plac$ ^u ! =w>d deck ( ! plant] & rais$ on ! jacks4 ,! plant] !n proce$s z ne> ! m9+ casemate z ! dep? ( wat] p]mits1 & "o end ( ! cable is pass$ a%ore1 ei!r by a laun*1 by yawls1 or by any o!r suitable me?od4 ,9 case ! plant] c n approa* ne>] ! %ore ?an #ajj y>ds x w be necess>y to coil m ?an en\gh cable to rea* ! %ore 9 a figure ( eight 9 a yawl1 :i* is !n t[$ t[>d ! desir$ po9t on %ore1 ! m5 abo>d ! yawl pay+ out ! cable z x proce$s4 ,?is end is drawn 9 ?r\gh ! conduit or gall]y to ! casemate or t]m9al hut4 ,x may be secur$ by tak+ a telegraph hit* ar\nd x ) a *a9 & spik+ ! *a9 to "s heavy timb]s or fa/5+ x to "s holdfa/4 ,:5 cable ends h already be5 laid !y w be pick$ up & jo9$ to ! multiple cable = ! gr\ps4 ,! %ore end hav+ be5 secur$1 ! plant] moves out to ! position ( ! di/ribution box1 unreel+ ! cable z x goes4 ,if ! wat] be v deep1 a friction brake mu/ be extemporiz$ to prev5t ! reel f ov]runn+4 7,:ile ! plant] is lay+ ! cable1 ! casemate p>ty tags & atta*es ! %ore end z expla9$ lat]47 ,to prev5t k9ks z f> z possible cable %\ld be laid ) z mu* t5sion z practicable4 ,if ! cable is n long en\gh1 a second "o mu/ be jo9$ to x4 ,?is is pref]ably done by pass+ ! ends to a small boat4 ,! junction is made1 ei!r us+ a junction box ) ,turk's-heads & tap$ jo9ts1 or op5+ back ! armor = ab\t #e feet f ! ends1 mak+ tap$ jo9ts1 protect+ !m ) tape1 & !n rewrapp+ ! armor & seiz+ ! ends ) wire4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 to jo9 ! prop] conductors ( ! two ends4 ,9 ! meantime ! di/ribution box boat ) a deta*m5t ( "o noncommission$ (fic] & five m5 takes ! di/ribution box & moves out to ! spot m>k$ by ! buoy4 ,x picks up ! buoy & makes fa/ to ! an*or l9e4 ,! plant] cont9ues lay+ ! multiple cable until x rea*es ! di/ribution box boat4 ,! multiple cable is !n cut & ! end pass$ to ! di/ribution box boat1 usually by a heav+ l9e4 ,! cable is la%$ to ! boat2 a ,turk's-head is work$ ^u ! end & !n secur$ 9 ! di/ribution box4 ,z a precaution>y measure = ! recov]y ( ! di/ribution box1 %\ld x be lo/ ov]bo>d dur+ m9e plant+1 x is well to h ! multiple cable buoy$ ab\t #ajj y>ds 9 re> ( ! di/ribution box4 ,9 case x may be desir$ n to use ! di/ribution box at once1 ! sep>ate conductors ( ! multiple cable %\ld be tagg$1 te/$1 & insulat$4 ,! cable %\ld be buoy$ & dropp$ ov]bo>d to be recov]$ subsequ5tly4 ,id5tify+1 tagg+1 & te/+ ! conductors ( ! multiple cable4--,tagg+4--,9 ! casemate ! conductors are sep>at$1 c>efully id5tifi$1 tagg$1 & atta*$ to ! correspond+ t]m9al ( ! t]m9al b> on ! op]at+ bo>d4 ,! m9e swit* = ,no4 #ai is op5$ & ! telephone t]m9al atta*$ to its /ud s z to use ,no4 #ai = communicat+ ) ! di/ribution box boat4 ,! ends 9 ! di/ribution box boat are sep>at$1 "o t]m9al ( a boat telephone is atta*$ to ,no4 #ai1 & ! o!r e>!d ei!r by atta*+ to ! cable armor or to an e>? plate hang+ ov]bo>d 9 ! wat]4 ,communication is ?us e/abli%$ ) ! op]ator 9 ! casemate4 ,nos4 #a1 #ac1 & #ai are pick$ out easily2 ! rema9+ ones are tagg$ 9 contraclockwise direction4 ,v]ify+ ! tagg+4--,! casemate is !n notifi$ t ! boat p>ty is ready to *eck ! tagg+4 ,?is is done z foll[s3 ,! p[] swit*es on ! op]at+ bo>d are all clos$1 except #ai1 & direct curr5t put on ! cable by clos+ swit* ,no4 #c up4 ,! casemate op]ator !n directs ! boat p>ty to e>? 9 regul> succession ! v>i\s conductors4 ,?is is done mo/ quickly by t\*+ ! conductor to ! cable armor4 ,! correspond+ automatic swit* on ! op]at+ bo>d %\ld drop4 ,any errors 9 tagg+ detect$ by ?is te/ %\ld be correct$ at once4 ,?is te/ also *ecks ! cont9uity ( circuit ( ea* conductor4 ,insulation te/4--,! op]ator !n directs ! boat p>ty to prep>e ! cable end = insulation te/4 ,?is is done by sep>at+ ! conductors1 hold+ !m 9 ! air1 & dry+ !m if necess>y4 ,:5 prep>$1 ^w is s5t to ! casemate op]ator1 :o te/s z foll[s3 ,he closes swit* ,no4 #g up4 ,?is ?r[s ,d4 ,c4 p[] on ! mil-ammet] plug ( ! op]at+ bo>d & introduces 9 ! circuit ! mil-ammet] & its protective lamp4 ,! gre5 lamp is !n unscrew$ & ! mil-ammet] plug us$ on ! ,d4 ,c4 jaw4 ,if !re be no leak 9 ! multiple cable1 s9ce ! ends at ! di/ribution box boat are held 9 ! air1 !re w be no appreciable read+ ( ! mil-ammet]4 ,if !re be a leak1 ?is fact w be reveal$ by a read+ on ! mil-ammet]4 ,to discov] ! p>ticul> conductor or conductors on :i* ?is leak exi/s1 ea* p[] swit* is op5$ 9 succession & ! mil-ammet] plug ins]t$ on ! jaw ( ! p[] swit*4 ,no4 #ai is n[ te/$ 9 ! same way by fir/ %ift+ bo? telephones to ,no4 #a1 ! boat end be+ held 9 ! air4 ,! op]ator reports ! result ( ! te/4 ,^u completion ( ^! te/s ! p[] is turn$ (f4 ,po/ p[] %\ld n be us$ = te/+1 because ! negative side ( ! po/ p[] may be gr\nd$4 ,m>k+ out ! m9e field4--,9 us+ automatic an*ors x is n necess>y to m>k ! m9e field2 b 9 us+ mu%room an*ors x is g5]ally done4 ,! mat]ial requir$ consi/s ( #a measur+ l9e ) reel & frame1 #e an*ors1 #e keg buoys1 & #e rais+ ropes4 ,a buoy$ an*or is dropp$ ab\t #cej feet 9 front ( ! di/ribution box buoy4 ,?is m>ks ! position ( m9e ,no4 #aj & ( ! c5t] ( ! gr\p4 ,?is m>k+ buoy is pick$ up by a laun* :i* makes fa/ to ! an*or rope4 ,! plant] n[ passes to ! laun* "o end ( a measur+ l9e1 :i* has m>ks at #bhj1 #cjj1 #cej1 #ehj1 & #fjj feet4 ,^! m>ks may be made by pa9t+ #c feet ( ! measur+ l9e "s di/9ctive color at ! designat$ po9ts4 ,! plant] moves out sl[ly along ! l9e to be occupi$ by ! m9es1 unreel+ ! measur+ l9e z x goes1 & drops buoys at ! #cjj & #fjj foot m>ks4 ,x !n returns & does ! same = ! o!r side ( ! l9e4 ,^! five buoys m>k ! l9e to be occupi$ by ! m9es1 indicate ! positions ( m9es ,nos4 #d1 #g1 #aj1 #ac1 & #af1 & 9 addition cut up ! di/ance into #cjj-;foot l5g?s1 :i* enable ! plant] to plant m9es at a close approximation to #ajj feet ap>t4 ,tak+ s\nd+s on l9e ( m9es4--,:5 automatic an*ors are us$1 su* in=mation z may be requir$ ab\t dep? ( wat] may usually be obta9$ f *>ts4 ,?is may n be suffici5tly accurate = plant+ ) ord9>y an*ors4 ,9 ! latt] case s\nd+s mu/ be tak5 at ! spots :]e ! m9es are to be plant$4 ,^! s\nd+s are made f ! laun*es4 ,! laun*es take a measur+ l9e m>k$ at e #ajj feet1 /ret* x betwe5 ! plant$ buoys1 & take ! s\nd+s at e #ajj-;foot po9t4 ,! s\nd+s are record$ 9 a blank book %[+ ! numb] ( ! correspond+ m9e & /ate ( ! tide4 ,x may be f\nd m satisfactory to hold "o end ( ! measur+ l9e at ! buoy & circle across ! l9e ( m9es ) ! laun*1 gett+ ! s\nd+ at ! po9t ( cross+4 ,prep>+ moor+ ropes4--,! moor+ ropes are cut (f ) squ>e ends1 & ! ends pass$ ?r\gh ! holes 9 ! moor+ sockets4 ,! /r&s & wires are untwi/$ & spread out = a l5g? equal to ! l5g? ( ! socket hole4 ,! rope is pull$ back until ! ends are ab\t flu% ) ! top ends ( ! hole2 a piece ( m>l9e is ti$ ab\t ! rope bel[ ! socket4 ,if necess>y to hold ! socket1 a piece ( burlap may be wrapp$ ar\nd bel[ ! socket1 & a fold all[$ to fall ov] ! h&4 ,g5]ally1 means c be f\nd to set ! socket upright :ile p\r+ full ( alloy4 ,! alloy consi/s ( #i p>ts ( lead & #a "p ( antimony melt$ toge!r4 ,a melt+ pot heat$ by a plumb]'s furnace1 or pref]ably a ,khotal lamp1 is us$ = ?is purpose4 ,great c>e mu/ be tak5 to see t !re is no oil or wat] on ! socket or moor+ rope be=e p\r+ ! alloy4 ,! l5g? ( ! moor+ rope = buoyant m9es ,no4 #cb equals ! dep? at l[ tide1 less #ae feet4 ,?is all[s #e feet = ! l5g? ( ! m9e1 an*or1 & %ackles1 & #aj feet = subm]g5ce4 ,:5 ?imbles & clips are us$ ! moor+ rope is cut #c feet long] & is b5t back a foot & a half at ea* end = ! ?imbles & clips4 ,= ! l>g] m9e cases1 an additional all[ance mu/ be made = ! l5g? ( ! cyl9drical "p ( ! case4 ,ea* moor+ rope is c>efully tagg$ at ea* end ) ! numb] ( ! correspond+ m9e4 ,,*apt] ,v4 ,,assembl+ ,,& ,,plant+ ,,m9es4 ,,note4--,! in/ructions to be obs]v$ by ! ma/] ( a m9e plant] 9 m>k+ out a m9e field & 9 plant+ m9es are to be f\nd 9 ,app5dix ,no4 #f4 ,! plant] detail4--,?is consi/s ( ! *ief plant] & #c noncommission$ (fic]s & #af privates1 di/ribut$ 9 ?ree details1 z foll[s3 ,"o noncommission$ (fic] & six privates on ea* side ( ! plant] & "o noncommission$ (fic] & f\r privates aft4 ,tools & supplies4--,! tools & supplies to be tak5 abo>d = ! "w describ$ are3 ,on ! plant]4 ,alcohol4 ,an*ors4 ,axe4 ,boat hooks4 ,buoy1 key4 ,buoys1 m9e4 ,cable cutt]4 ,cables1 multiple4 ,cables1 s+le conductor4 ,cable tags4 ,clips1 cable4 ,cott] p9s4 ,crank h&le = automatic an*or4 ,dry cells4 ,grappl+ hooks4 ,hamm]s4 ,heav+ l9es4 ,k]os5e4 ,knives1 subm>9e m9e4 ,lamps1 alcohol 7#b74 ,life buoys 7#c74 ,m>l9e4 ,m>l9espikes4 ,mat*es4 ,megaphone4 ,m9es4 ,monkey wr5*es4 ,nuts4 ,ropes1 moor+4 ,ropes1 rais+4 ,%ackles1 an*or4 ,%ackles1 m9e4 ,%oes1 m9e-cap4 ,si/] hooks4 ,spr+ balance4 ,/amp+ outfit4 ,tools & mat]ials necess>y to make ,turk's-heads & jo9ts4 ,voltmet]4 ,wa%]s4 ,wa/e4 ,wire1 s(t-drawn copp]4 ,wr5*1 socket1 = automatic an*or4 ,on di/ribution box boat4 ,alcohol4 ,an*ors1 boat 7#b74 ,axe4 ,boat hook4 ,boat telephone ) connectors & e>? plate4 ,break] ( dr9k+ wat]4 ,buoy4 ,cable tags4 ,compass1 boat4 ,di/ribution box4 ,flags1 boat 7#b74 ,gasol9e 7tankful74 ,gre5 light4 ,hamm]s4 ,heav+ l9es4 ,k]os5e4 ,knives1 subm>9e m9e4 ,lamps1 alcohol 7#b74 ,la%+s4 ,life buoys 7#b74 ,life pres]v]s1 "o = ea* man4 ,m>l9e4 ,m>l9espike4 ,mat*es4 ,megaphone4 ,monkey wr5*es4 ,notebook & p5cil4 ,r$ light4 ,rope1 rais+4 ,ropes1 buoy 7#b74 ,%ackles4 ,tools & mat]ials to make ,turk's-heads & jo9ts4 ,wa/e4 ,:ite lights 7#b74 ,9 ea* yawl4 ,an*or1 boat4 ,an*or l9e4 ,boat hook4 ,heav+ l9e4 ,life buoy4 ,life pres]v]s1 #a = ea* man4 ,m>l9e4 ,megaphone4 ,o>s & locks 7#g74 ,s\nd+ l9e4 ,prep>+ m9e cables4--,a reel ( s+le-conductor cable is tak5 f ! tank & plac$ on a cable-reel frame4 ,a piece #bj feet long is cut (f ! end to elim9ate ! "p :i* 0 above wat] dur+ /orage4 ,! cable = ! m9es is n[ unreel$1 cut to ! foll[+ l5g?s plus twice ! approximate dep? ( ! wat]1 & ea* end c>efully tagg$ ) ! numb] ( ! correspond+ m9e4 ,a ,turk's-head is made on ea* end4 ,feet4 ,feet4 ,no4 #a #a1dbe ,no4 #aa #dbe ,no4 #b #a1bbe ,no4 #ab #dge ,no4 #c #a1jbe ,no4 #ac #ebe ,no4 #d #hbe ,no4 #ad #fbe ,no4 #e #gbe ,no4 #ae #gbe ,no4 #f #fbe ,no4 #af #hbe ,no4 #g #ebe ,no4 #ag #a1jbe ,no4 #h #dge ,no4 #ah #a1bbe ,no4 #i #dbe ,no4 #ai #a1dbe ,no4 #aj #cge ,! m9e cables are coil$ 9 figure #h's4 ,9 ord] to secure uni=mity 9 ! size ( ! coils1 !y may be coil$ on a rack 7improvis$ at ! po/74 ,?is rack is made ( "o #ab-;foot l5g? ( #d by #f-;in* scantl+1 cross$ at "r angles by two #f-;foot l5g?s 7#d by #f in*7 plac$ #e feet ap>t4 ,f\r #a-;in* holes are bor$ ?r\gh ea* ( ! timb]s ab\t #b feet f ea* ( ! cross+s1 & a #b-;foot l5g? ( gas pipe is ins]t$ 9 ea* hole4 ,^! pipes make ! =m on :i* ! coils are made4 ,a cable mu/ be coil$ = plant+ s t bo? ends are free1 "o to be pass$ to ! di/ribution box boat1 ! o!r to be c>ri$ =w>d on ! plant] & atta*$ to ! m9e4 ,?is is accompli%$ by />t+ ! coil ab\t #ace feet f ! m9e-cap end1 ! approximate l5g? requir$ to run =w>d :5 us+ a m9e plant]4 ,! cable is coil$ on ! =m1 spread+ out ! laps at ! c5t] to r$uce ! height at t po9t1 until ! entire l5g? is coil$4 ,! out] loops & ! c5t] ( ! figure #h coil are la%$1 leav+ ! ends suffici5tly long to la% ! "p ( ! cable rema9+ uncoil$4 ,! m9e-cap end ( ! cable is !n coil$ on top ( ! coil & la%$ ) ! ends ( ! rope4 ,s+le-conductor cables :5 coil$ %\ld be te/$ = cont9uity ( circuit & gr\nds be=e be+ plac$ abo>d ! plant]4 ,= cont9uity ( circuit ! two ends ( ! cable are connect$ to a batt]y & voltmet] 9 s]ies4 ,if ! cable has no break1 ! read+ ( ! voltmet] %\ld %[ approximately ! same deflection z :5 ! batt]y circuit & voltmet] alone are 9 circuit4 ,to te/ = a gr\nd ! cable is subm]g$ 9 a te/+ tank1 leav+ bo? ends out4 ,x is advisable1 :5 practicable1 to ext5d a lead f "o ( ! op]at+ bo>ds ( ! m9+ casemate to ! cable tank4 ,"o end ( ! cable to be te/$ is connect$ to ?is lead & ! te/ made z prescrib$ = 8insulation te/0 on page #dd4 ,! condition ( a multiple-conductor cable c be quickly det]m9$ by ?is arrangem5t4 ,if ! above me?od is n practicable1 a dry-cell batt]y ) a mil-ammet] & protective lamp may be in/all$ at ! cable tank2 or1 9 place ( ! mil-ammet] & lamp1 a voltmet] plac$ 9 s]ies ) ! batt]y & cable may be us$1 ! resi/ance be+ obta9$ by ! voltmet] me?od4 ,"o side ( ! batt]y %\ld be gr\nd$ by t\*+ ! cable armor or by us+ an e>? plate4 ,9 actual s]vice1 cable :i* te/s "u #a megohm %\ld n be us$2 = practice1 cable "u #aj1jjj ohms %\ld n be us$4 ,if po/ p[] is us$ z a s\rce ( en]gy = te/+1 ! sy/em %\ld be free f gr\nds4 ,c>e %\ld be tak5 to h ! cable ends & batt]y leads free f gr\nds & dry4 ,cables are rais$ & l[]$ into ! tank by means ( a cable yoke1 :i* consi/s ( an #aa-;foot l5g? ( #d by #f in* scantl+1 ) ?ree hooks on ! l[] side & a r+ on ! upp] side at ! c5t] = hoi/+4 ,! l[] hooks1 :i* are secur$ to ! scantl+ by a bolt & r+1 hook into ! la%+ on ! cable4 ,wa%]s are plac$ "u ! bolt heads to prev5t _! slipp+ ?r\gh ! holes4 ,sw++ or travel+ cranes ) triplex blocks are us$ = l[]+ & rais+ cable & yoke4 ,! coils ( s+le-conductor cable are c>ri$ abo>d ! plant]1 to ! aft deck1 by ! cable detail1 or !y may be l[]$ onto ! deck by means ( ! cable yoke & a d]rick on ! :>f4 ,! cable = m9e ,no4 #a is plac$ on ! />bo>d side ( ! aft deck & its m9e-cap end is c>ri$ =w>d on ! cable racks close to ! m9es4 ,! o!r cables1 ,nos4 #b to #i1 inclusive1 are plac$ 9 succession on ! />bo>d side 9 ! same mann]4 ,! cables1 ,nos4 #ai to #aj are plac$ 9 succession on ! port side1 ) ,no4 #ai at ! bottom4 ,! coils on ea* side are plac$ on top ( ea* o!r4 ,! cable %\ld be remov$ f ! racks :5 its correspond+ m9e is be+ prep>$ = plant+4 ,at ! same "t ! o!r app>atus & appliances are c>ri$ abo>d & plac$ =w>d1 ! prop] supply on ea* side4 ,! an*ors are plac$ z conv5i5t to ! =w>d davits z possible4 ,f9ally1 ! load$ m9es are put abo>d4 ,if !y conta9 dynamite !y %\ld be protect$ f ! direct rays ( ! sun by be+ cov]$ ) a paul94 ,prep>+ m9es = plant+4--,! detail on ea* side ( ! plant] prep>es a m9e on its own side4 ,! load+ wire f ! m9e is cut to ! prop] l5g?1 a wat]-tight jo9t is made ) ! s+le conductor ( ! correspond+ cable1 & ! ,turk's-head is clamp$ 9 place1 c>e be+ ex]cis$ t no "p ( ! lead+-9 wire is caught "u ! clamp4 ,! cable is la%$ ) s(t-drawn copp] wire or secur$ by clips to ! bails j above ! r+4 ,! prop] moor+ rope is n[ %ackl$ at "o end to an an*or1 at ! o!r end to ! m9e1 & is la%$ to ! m9e cable ) s(t-drawn copp] wire at e #e feet4 ,if automatic an*ors be us$1 ! moor+ rope is %ackl$ to ! m9e aft] ! an*or & m9e are swung outbo>d2 ! la%+ ( ! cable to ! moor+ rope is omitt$4 ,a rope = rais+ ! m9e is cut to ! l5g? ( #hj feet plus ! dep? ( wat]4 ,"o end is atta*$ to ! an*or by an an*or knot or b[l9e1 ! o!r to ! m9e cable by two half hit*es & a seiz+ ( s(t-drawn copp] wire4 ,x %\ld n be secur$ at o!r po9ts4 ,! m9e buoys h atta*$ to !m #fj feet ( -in* rope1 :i* is m>k$ at e #e feet4 ,! free end is slipp$ ?r\gh ! maneuv]+ r+ ( ! m9e & ti$ to ! buoy4 ,:5 plant+ m9es = practice1 m>l9e may be us$ to seize ! rais+ rope to ! cable & to la% ! cable to ! bail & moor+ rope4 ,a m\s+ mu/ be put ar\nd ! upp] hook ( ! diff]5tial block to prev5t ! block f jump+ (f ! hook :5 ! m9e or an*or is tripp$4 ,! tripp+ hook ( ! diff]5tial block on ! =w>d davit is atta*$ to ! an*or & x is hoi/$ & swung outbo>d cle> ( ! rail4 ,! m9e is simil>ly slung f ! aft] davit by its maneuv]+ r+ or by a rope sl+ ?r\gh ! latt]4 ,bo? m9e & an*or are l[]$ z close to ! wat] z conditions w p]mit4 ,a heav+ l9e is b5t onto ! free end ( ! m9e cable1 g5]ally by means ( a clove hit* & two half hit*es4 ,! aft detail n[ removes or cuts ! rope la%+s ( ! coil ( ! correspond+ m9e cable4 ,a detail sees t ! cable & rais+ rope are held on ! gunwale ready = plant+4 ,^! %\ld n be all[$ to trail 9 ! wat]4 ,a man /&s ne> ! m9e davit ready to ?r[ ! m9e buoy cle> ( ! plant] :5 ! m9e is tripp$4 7,fig4 #ac %[s ! m9e & an*or slung = plant+ & fig4 #ad %[s ! relative position ( ! v>i\s p>ts 9 ! wat]4 ,9 ^! figures ! cable %\ld be %[n z la%$ to ! moor+ rope47 ,! di/ribution box boat %\ld prec$e ! plant] to ! m9e field4 ,! di/ribution box buoy1 to :i* ! an*or rope is fa/5$ by a b[l9e1 to ! bight ( :i* ! rais+ rope is secur$1 is tak5 abo>d at ! b[1 if ! tide is com+ 9 t[>d ! box1 & ! an*or rope is made fa/4 ,! di/ribution box is !n rais$ by its rais+ rope & secur$ 9 ! /]n4 ,! boat is ?us an*or$ =e-&-aft1 p]p5dicul> to ! l9e ( m9es1 ) its b[ po9t$ t[>d ! position ( ! c5t] m9e ( ! gr\p4 ,if ! tide is runn+ out f ! box1 ! buoy %\ld be tak5 9 at ! /]n1 ! boat be+ held 9 position by ! rais+ rope ( ! di/ribution box & !n by ! multiple cable4 ,! an*or rope is f9ally made fa/ 9 ! b[4 ,dur+ ! plant+ ( m9es a man %\ld always /& ready to slack5 away on ! an*or rope if necess>y4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ac4--,,m9e ,,ready ,,= ,,plant+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ad4--,,m9e ,,plant$4 ,if ! buoy = ! di/ribution box is n 9 place1 ! cable mu/ be und]run1 ei!r f %ore or f a buoy plant$ = ?is purpose4 ,?is is done pref]ably ) a yawl4 ,! cable is rais$1 tak5 abo>d1 & plac$ ov] a roll] or r[lock 9 ! /]n4 ,! cable is !n pull$ 9 ov] ! /]n & l[]$ ov] a roll] or r[lock 9 ! b[4 ,if ! plant] is to und]run cable1 a ca!ad is put 9 place & a snat* block is l[]$ by a rais+ rope secur$ to a hoi/+ w9dlass4 ,! cable is plac$ 9 ! snat* block & ! plant] moves =w>d sl[ly4 ,:5 x is desir$ to transf] ! cable to a small boat ! snat* block is l[]$ into ! boat & ! cable remov$4 ,aft] ! di/ribution box boat has secur$ ! box 9 position1 ! lid is remov$ & ! cable is te/$ z prescrib$ on page #dd4 ,a signal is !n rais$ to indicate to ! plant] t ! di/ribution box boat is ready = ! plant+ ( m9es4 ,plant+ ! m9es4--,if !re be a /rong tide1 ! m9es %\ld1 if possible1 be plant$ at su* "t t ! plant]1 9 go+ out t[>d ! l9e ( m9es1 moves aga9/ ! tide4 ,! plant] moves out & passes close to ! di/ribution box boat1 ) ! latt] to port4 ,z x passes sl[ly by1 a heav+ l9e is ?r[n by a man =w>d ( ! beam to ! di/ribution box boat1 ^: p>ty imm$iately hauls 9 ! m9e cable1 b5ds on ano!r heav+ l9e1 & la%es ! cable to ! boat4 ,x is desirable to h a second heav+ l9e ready 9 case ! fir/ "o fails4 ,if ! wat] be r\gh ! cable end is pass$ to ! boat by a laun*4 ,! plant] moves =w>d to ! position to be occupi$ by m9e ,no4 #aj4 ,if automatic an*ors are us$1 ! di/ance weight is l[]$ at ! comm& 8,l[] weight10 giv5 aft] ! cable is secur$ 9 ! di/ribution box boat4 ,z ! plant] approa*es ?is position ! comm& 8,get ready0 is giv54 ,z ! =w>d davit comes abrea/ ( ! position ( ,no4 #aj m9e1 ! (fic] 9 *>ge ( ! plant+ comm&s 8,let g02 ! tripp+ hook ( ! m9e is releas$ fir/ & t ( ! an*or imm$iately !reaft]4 ,! m9e buoy1 cable1 & rais+ rope are !n ?r[n ov]bo>d4 7,caution4--,! m5 op]at+ ! tripp+ hooks mu/ be v c>eful t !y /& back ( all cable & rope1 s t !y may n be caught4 ,all o!rs mu/ /& cle>47 ,! plant] turns s t ! /]n w be ?r[n away f ! plant$ m9e4 ,:5 ! /]n is cle> ( ! m9e buoy 8,all cle>0 is signal$ f ! /]n4 ,! plant] !n executes a sweep+ circle to />bo>d1 passes to ! re>1 & comes up ) ! di/ribution box boat to />bo>d4 ,z x moves by1 ! free end ( m9e cable ,no4 #i is pass$ to ! boat & secur$ z be=e4 ,! plant] moves ahead to a po9t #ajj feet to ! left ( m9e ,no4 #aj1 & z x crosses ! l9e1 plants m9e ,no4 #i1 sw+s (f to port1 circles & comes up f ! re> ) ! di/ribution box to port1 & s on alt]nately until all ! m9es are plant$4 ,z soon z a m9e is dropp$ ! detail = t side ( ! plant] prep>es ano!r = plant+4 ,!re is ample "t to d ?is :ile ! vessel is turn+ & plant+ ! o!r m9e4 ,two small boats1 "o on ea* side ( ! l9e1 "w z foll[s3 ,z soon z a m9e is dropp$ ! boat on ! correspond+ side moves to x1 picks up ! buoy1 pulls ! rope taut1 notes ! subm]g5ce ( ! m9e1 transmits ! data to ! plant]1 & holds up an o> or a flag 9 prolongation ( ! buoy rope4 ,! obs]v]s at ! ends ( ! base l9e take obs]vations on ?is m>k] & are ?us able to plot ! position ( ! m9e accurately4 ,?is process is repeat$ = ea* m9e4 ,^! boats also s]ve z guides to ! plant] 9 dropp+ m9es by hold+ on to _! buoys until ! adjac5t m9es are plant$4 ,) automatic an*ors ! l9e may n be m>k$ o!rwise ?an 9 ?is mann]4 ,aft] ! m9e is dropp$1 ! memb]s ( ! di/ribution box boat p>ty remove ! la%+ f ! cable1 ins]t ! ,turk's-head 9 ! prop] slot1 make a tempor>y jo9t betwe5 x & ! correspond+ conductor ( ! multiple cable1 & telephone to ! casemate op]ator4 ,! latt] op5s all ! p[] swit*es on ! correspond+ op]at+ bo>d1 closes swit* ,no4 #g up 7?is ?r[s ,d4 ,c4 p[] on ! mil-ammet] lead71 & !n plugs 9 on ! upp] jaw ( ! p[] swit* ( ! m9e "u te/4 ,if ! ,d4 ,c4 voltage be #aaj1 ! mil-ammet] %\ld read ab\t #dj mil-amp]es2 if ! voltage be #hj1 ! read+ %\ld be ab\t #cj4 ,if ?is te/ be satisfactory1 ! jo9t is made p]man5t4 ,= ! la/ m9e ! telephones are remov$ f ! correspond+ conductor1 a tempor>y jo9t is made 9 ! boat1 & ! te/ made z above4 ,by arrangem5t ) ! casemate op]ator ! m9e is left on two m9utes = te/4 ,at ! end ( ?is "t ! jo9t is op5$ & ! telephones put back4 ,if ! casemate op]ator reports ! te/ satisfactory1 ! telephones are aga9 remov$ & a p]man5t jo9t is made4 ,:5 ! la/ jo9t has be5 made1 ! di/ribution box is clos$ & ! rais+ rope fa/5$ to its lid4 ,! box is !n l[]$4 ,?is is done by ! di/ribution box boat if x is provid$ ) ! necess>y davit & p[]1 o!rwise x is done by ! plant]4 ,g5]ally ! an*or rope is made fa/ to a buoy by a b[l9e1 & ! rais+ rope ( ! di/ribution box is secur$ to ! bight ( ! b[l9e4 ,aft] ! di/ribution box is l[]$ all buoys are remov$ except t = ! box1 & su* o!rs z x may be desir$ to place = m>k+ ! ends ( l9es4 ,! m>k+ boats may remove ! m9e buoys z !y "w1 provid$ !y are notifi$ f ! m9e comm&]'s /ation t prop] obs]vations = plott+ h be5 obta9$4 ,su* notification is usually s5t by telephone to ! di/ribution box boat4 ,9 "t ( w> decoy buoys judici\sly plac$ w\ld be v useful 9 deceiv+ ! enemy4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,te/s ,,( ,,m9es ,,& ,,app>atus4 ,aft] ! m9es h be5 plant$ ! foll[+ te/s are made daily1 or m frequ5tly if ne$ be1 ! results be+ record$ c>efully on ! =m giv5 at ! end ( ! *apt]4 7,note3 ,?is applies also to su* te/ m9es z may be kept plant$ = purposes ( obs]vation & in/ruction47 ,caution4--,if ,a4 ,c4 p[] be suppli$ f ! casemate motor-g5]ator1 !re is no possibility ( accid5tal fir+ ( m9es if ! motor-g5]ator is n runn+2 & :5 x is runn+ ! *ance is remote1 s9ce x w\ld require ! committ+ ( ?ree blund]s4 ,h[ev]1 ! foll[+ precautions mu/ be en=c$ rigidly3 7a7 ,nev] />t ! motor-g5]ator dur+ ! plant+ ( m9es nor :5 any fri5dly vessels are 9 ! neighborhood ( ! m9e field4 7b7 ,be=e />t+ ! motor-g5]ator = te/+ x1 see t all automatic swit*es are up1 all fir+ swit*es op51 & ! ,a4 ,c4 op]at+ swit* 7,no4 #h ( ! p[] panel7 op54 #a4 ,te/ ( ! ,d4 ,c4 voltage4--,plug 9 at ! prop] receptacle & read ! voltmet]4 #b4 ,te/ ( ! ,a4 ,c4 voltage4--,caution4--,fir/ see t all automatic swit*es are up1 t ! fir+ swit*es are op51 & t ! ,a4 ,c4 op]at+ swit* ,no4 #h is op54 ,close swit* ,no4 #d up2 close />t+ swit* ( motor-g5]ator1 & :5 ! latt] has atta9$ its full spe$ close swit* ,no4 #i up2 plug 9 at ! prop] receptacle1 & read ! voltmet]4 ,:5 ! s\rce ( p[] is ! /orage batt]y1 ! batt]y rheo/at %\ld be adju/$ until ! ,a4 ,c4 voltage is #ejj or above2 :5 ! casemate g5]ator is us$1 its field rheo/at %\ld be adju/$ = ! same purpose4 #c4 ,te/ ( ! m9es4--,leakage 9 m9e circuits w be indicat$ automatically by an increas$ brightness ( ! gre5 lamp on ! signal block2 an excessive leakage 9 any m9e circuit may cause ! automatic swit* to trip4 ,h[ev]1 ea* m9e %\ld be te/$ sep>ately1 z foll[s3 ,) ! ,d4 ,c4 on ! ,d4 ,c4 busses ( ! p[] panel1 close swit* #g up1 op5 ! p[] swit* on ! m9e block ( ! m9e circuit to be te/$1 & put ! ,m-,,am 8plug0 on ! upp] po9t ( ! p[] swit*4 ,if ! automatic swit* falls1 adju/ ! sol5oid or hold ! swit* up :ile te/+ ! circuit1 o!rwise ! read+ obta9$ w be t ( ! r$ lamp & bell circuit4 ,^! op]ations put ! mil-ammet] & its protective lamp 9 s]ies ) ! m9e circuit4 ,! circuit is z foll[s3 ,f ! negative ,d4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel1 to swit* #g clos$ up1 ?r\gh ! mil-ammet] & its protective lamp1 to ! t]m9al b>1 to ! ,m-,,am lead1 to ! plug1 to ! upp] po9t ( ! p[] swit* ,p1 ?r\gh ! sol5oid1 to ! middle ( ! te/+ swit* ,t1 to ! upp] po9t ( same1 to ! upp] po9t ( ! automatic swit*1 to ! middle ( same1 to ! m9e swit*1 ?r\gh same1 to ! t]m9al b>1 ?r\gh ! #ai-;conductor & ! s+le-conductor cables1 to ! m9e trans=m] prim>y1 to ! m9e case1 to gr\nd1 to ! ,d4 ,c4 8e>?0 t]m9al on ! p[] panel1 to swit* #g1 & to ! positive ,d4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel4 ,) f #hj to #aaj volts ^! read+s %\ld normally be betwe5 #cj & #dj mil-amp]es4 ,a m9e may be fir$ if ! read+ ) #hj volts is betwe5 #ad & #abj mil-amp]es4 ,^! limits increase ) ! te/+ voltage4 ,if ! m9e te/s )9 ! fir+ limits1 ! sol5oid %\ld be adju/$ if ! curr5t is above its normal sett+ 7#j4jge amp]es74 ,if ! te/ indicates t ! m9e c n be fir$1 ! m9e swit* %\ld be op5$4 #d4 ,te/ ( ! automatic swit*1 r$ lamp1 & bell4--,?r[ ! ,d4 ,c4 p[] on ! busses ( ! op]at+ bo>d by clos+ swit* #c up4 ,op5 ! bell swit*4 ,next close ! te/+ swit* d[n on ! m9e block "u te/4 ,! r$ lamp %\ld gl[ & ! correspond+ automatic swit* trip4 7,= circuit see fig4 #ah47 ,n[ close ! bell swit*1 ?r[+ ! bell 9 p>allel ) ! r$ lamp2 ! bell %\ld r+4 ,next op5 ! bell swit* & repeat ! te/ = ea* m9e block 9 turn4 #e4 ,te/ ( ! alt]nat+ circuit4--,?is circuit is te/$ ) ,d4 ,c41 z foll[s3 ,connect ! ,a4 ,c4 & ,d4 ,c4 jaws on ! ma/] block ) a jump]1 op5 ! p[] swit*es1 close swit*es #c1 #h1 & #i up on ! p[] panel4 ,! gre5 & :ite lamps ( ! op]at+ bo>d "u te/ %\ld gl[4 ,a break or an excessive resi/ance 9 ! casemate gr\nds1 or else:]e 9 ! circuit1 w be indicat$ by ! lamps n gl[+1 or gl[+ dimly4 ,! circuit is z foll[s3 ,f ! negative ,d4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel1 to swit* #c1 to ! 8op]at+ bo>d0 t]m9al1 to ! ,d4 ,c4 lead1 to ! ,d4 ,c4 po/ on ! signal block1 ?r\gh ! gre5 lamp1 to ! ,d4 ,c4 jaw on ! ma/] block1 ?r\gh ! jump]1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 jaw on ! ma/] block1 ?r\gh ! :ite lamp & resi/ance 9 p>allel1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 po/ on ! signal block1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 lead1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 8op]at+ bo>d0 t]m9al1 to swit* #h1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 bus1 to swit* #i1 to ! casemate trans=m] second>y1 back to swit* #i1 to ! o!r ,a4 ,c4 bus1 back to swit* #h1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 e>?1 ?r\gh gr\nd1 to ! ,d4 ,c4 e>?1 to swit* #c1 & to ! positive ,d4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel4 ,) ?is circuit on1 remove ! #ij-ohm resi/ance 9 p>allel ) ! :ite lamp2 ! :ite lamp %\ld gl[ m brightly1 indicat+ cont9uity ( circuit ?r\gh ! resi/ance z well z ! :ite lamp4 ,x w be obs]v$ t ! above te/ is = only a "p ( ! ,a4 ,c4 circuit4 ,to te/ ! fir+ swit* & ! l[] contact ( ! automatic swit*1 op5 swit*es #c1 #h1 & #i1 close #g up1 remove ! jump]1 put ! ,m-,,am 8plug0 on ! ,a4 ,c4 jaw on ! ma/] block1 close ! fir+ swit*1 & trip 9 turn ea* automatic swit* by rais+ ! correspond+ knob on ! sol5oid & obs]ve ! read+ ( ! mil-ammet]4 ,close ea* automatic swit* up be=e tripp+ ! next "o4 ,! mil-ammet] read+ %\ld be f #cj to #dj mil-amp]es1 indicat+ a circuit ?r\gh ! fir+ swit* & ! automatic swit*4 ,! circuit is z foll[s3 ,f ! negative ,d4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel1 to swit* #g clos$ up1 ?r\gh ! mil-ammet] & its protective lamp1 to ! op]at+ bo>d t]m9al1 to ! ,m-,,am lead1 to ! 8plug10 to ! ,a4 ,c4 jaw on ! ma/] block1 ?r\gh ! fir+ swit* ,f4 ,s41 to ! ,a4 ,c4 bus on ! op]at+ bo>d1 to ! l[] po9t ( ! automatic swit* :i* 0 tripp$1 to ! middle ( same1 to ! m9e swit*1 ?r\gh ! same1 to ! t]m9al b>1 ?r\gh ! #ai-;conductor & ! s+le-conductor cables1 to ! m9e trans=m] prim>y1 to ! m9e case1 to gr\nd1 to ! ,d4 ,c4 8e>?0 po/ on ! p[] panel1 to swit* #g1 to ! positive ,d4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel4 #f4 ,te/ ( ! deliv]y ( ! ,a4 ,c4 p[] to ! op]at+ bo>d4--,see t all ! automatic swit*es ( ! op]at+ bo>ds are up & all ! fir+ swit*es ( ! ma/] blocks op54 ,close swit*es #d & #i up 7or d[n7 & #h d[n2 close ! te/+ swit* ,t4 ,s4 on ! ma/] block4 ,! :ite lamp %\ld gl[ & ! ,a4 ,c4 bus-b> voltage %\ld drop appreciably4 ,! circuit is z foll[s3 ,f ! ,a4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel1 to ! l[] "r t]m9al ( swit* #h1 to ! 8op]at+ bo>d0 t]m9al1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 lead1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 po/ on ! signal block1 to ! :ite lamp & ! resi/ance 9 p>allel1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 jaw on ! ma/] block1 to ! te/+ swit* ,t4 ,s41 to ! 8e>?0 po/ on ! signal block1 to ! e>? lead1 to ! ,d4 ,c4 e>?1 ?r\gh e>?1 to ! ,a4 ,c4 e>? t]m9al on ! p[] panel1 ?r\gh ! *oke coil1 to swit* #h1 to ! o!r ,a4 ,c4 bus on ! p[] panel4 ,9 ?is te/ x is imp]ative to see t all ! automatic swit*es are up & all ! fir+ swit*es are op54 #g4 ,te/ ( ! p[]4--,ins]t two fuses 9 multiple across ! fuse leads f ! p[] panel4 ,put ! fuses 9 a place prep>$ = ! purpose outside ( ! casemate1 s t !re w be no dang] f fly+ fragm5ts4 ,) all ! swit*es on ! p[] panel op51 all ! automatic swit*es up1 & ! fir+ swit*es on ! ma/] blocks op51 en]gize ! ,d4 ,c4 busses ( ! p[] panel1 close swit* ,no4 #d up 7or d[n71 & close ! />t+ swit*2 close swit* ,no4 #i up 7or d[n72 close swit* ,no4 #ab up 7:i* connects ! m9e trans=m] second>y to ! fuses72 &1 f9ally1 close swit* ,no4 #aa up 7:i* ?r[s ! ,a4 ,c4 p[] on ! m9e trans=m] prim>y74 ,! fuses %\ld explode4 ,if fuses are n available = ?is te/1 a l[-voltage lamp or a %ort piece ( f9e wire may be heat$ to inc&esc5ce4 #h4 ,te/ ( gr\nds4--7a7 8,sep>ate0 gr\nds %all be made = ! ,a4 ,c4 p[] & ! ,d4 ,c4 p[] on ! p[] panel4 ,! ^w 8sep>ate0 z "h us$ means actual connection to e>? )\t metallic contact ( ! e>? leads4 ,a conv5i5t me?od ( mak+ a gr\nd is to connect to ! armor ( a cable runn+ to salt wat]1 a bond be+ made 9 case ! armor ( ! cable 9 ! casemate does n rea* wat] be=e a jo9t is made4 ,if a cable armor is us$ = "o gr\nd1 ! o!r gr\nd lead mu/ g to e>? )\t contact ) t armor4 ,?is may be accompli%$ by us+ ! conductors ( a cable1 ! ends ( :i* are gr\nd$ to an e>? plate 9 salt wat]4 7b7 ,nei!r ( ! gr\nds made %\ld h m ?an #aj ohms resi/ance4 ,to v]ify ?is1 te/s %\ld be made z foll[s3 ,close ! d\ble circuit break]2 close swit* #g up & plug ! ext5sion cord ( ! mil-ammet] lead ( ! p[] panel on ! upp] left-h& t]m9al ( swit* #h1 ! mil-ammet] ext5sion cords = ! op]at+ bo>ds be+ disconnect$4 ,asc]ta9 ! voltage across ! mil-ammet] & lamp1 & across ! bus b>s4 ,read ! mil-ammet]4 ,f ^! read+s ! comb9$ resi/ance ( ! gr\nds c be det]m9$4 ,a table or *>t may be prep>$ giv+ ! resi/ances = v>i\s te/+ voltages & mil-ammet] read+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,=m = record ( te/s1 ,gr\p ,no4 ,,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,tak+ ,,up ,,m9es4 ,m9es %\ld be rais$ 9 ! rev]se ord] f t 9 :i* !y 7 plant$ if ! conditions ( w9d & tide are favorable4 ,) a cross tide or a /rong cross w9d1 ! m9es %\ld be tak5 up 9 regul> ord] f "o side s t ! plant] w n drift onto ! m9e field4 ,a yawl or laun* takes position at ! out] m9e on ea* side4 ,! m9e-buoy rope is haul$ up taut 9 ord] to locate ! exact position ( ! m9e4 ,! boat holds fa/ until direct$ f ! plant] to let g4 ,:ile ! an*or & m9e are be+ tak5 abo>d ! plant]1 ! boat rema9s (f ! b[ to r5d] assi/ance if necess>y4 ,! di/ribution box is rais$ by und]runn+ ! multiple cable1 or by means ( its rais+ rope if ! buoy has n be5 remov$4 ,! box is tak5 abo>d ! di/ribution box boat1 ! lid is remov$1 & ! m9e cables1 9 turn1 disconnect$ f ! multiple cable4 ,! plant] passes close to ! di/ribution box boat4 ,a heav+ l9e :i* has be5 made fa/ to ! out] m9e cable is ?r[n to ! b[ ( ! plant]4 ,if ?is %\ld fail1 a man ?r[s a heav+ l9e f ! b[ ( ! plant]4 ,if ! conditions be unfavorable = pass+ a heav+ l9e1 a laun* may c>ry ! l9e to ! plant]4 ,! heav+ l9e atta*$ to ! cable is haul$ abo>d & ! cable plac$ ov] ! ca!ad4 ,! plant] !n proce$s to und]run ! cable4 ,if ! wat] be %all[1 ! cable is c>ri$ ?r\gh a snat*block to ! aft deck & coil$1 or x may be c>ri$ to a cable-reel =w>d4 ,if ! wat] be deep1 or ! cable c n be rais$ easily by h&1 x is c>ri$ ?r\gh a snat*block to ! drum ( a hoi/+ w9dlass & coil$ z be=e m5tion$4 7,if plac$ on a cable-reel1 ! ends %\ld be insulat$ & tagg$4 ,m9e cables ,nos4 #a to #i %\ld be plac$ on "o reel & ,nos4 #aj to #ai on ano!r1 bo? reels be+ c>efully m>k$47 ,:5 ! rais+ rope is rea*$1 x is c>ri$ ) ! cable ov] ! ca!ad4 ,! bight ( ! rope is haul$ 9 quickly1 c>ri$ ?r\gh a snat*block1 & a few turns tak5 on ! drum ( a hoi/+ w9dlass4 ,! rope is unti$ f ! cable z soon z possible4 ,if !re be dang] ( los+ ! rope1 x %\ld be made fa/ at once4 ,! an*or is rais$ until )9 a few feet ( ! ca!ad4 ,x is lift$ abo>d by means ( ! boom1 or by ! diff]5tial block on ! an*or davit4 ,at ! same "t a man is s5t ov] ! side ( ! plant] ne> ! m9e davit 7a rope ladd] may be us$7 to secure ! hook ( ! diff]5tial block 9 ! sl+ atta*$ to ! maneuv]+ r+ ( ! m9e :5 x comes to ! surface4 ,to br+ ! m9e to ! prop] place to accompli% ?is1 a man %\ld be ready to secure ! m9e-buoy rope ) a boa?ook2 o!r m5 %\ld be ready to pull ! m9e =w>d1 if necess>y1 by means ( ! cable4 ,! m9e is rais$ by ! diff]5tial block ( ! m9e davit4 ,x may be rais$ by ! boom & fall2 or by means ( a tackle secur$ to ! m9e davit1 ! end ( ! rope runn+ ?r\gh a snat*block to ! drum ( a w9dlass4 ,! di/ance weight ( ! automatic an*or may be rais$ by ! fall ( ! boom1 or by an improvis$ tackle4 ,an eye %\ld be made 9 ! di/ance rope = ?is purpose4 ,if ! end ( ! cable is lo/1 ! "w may proce$ z foll[s3 ,! plant] moves out to ! m9e if its buoy is /ill 9 place4 ,a sl+ made ( rais+ rope may be ?r[n ov] ! m9e1 or two rais+ ropes are ti$ toge!r & "o end is pass$ to a laun* :i* moves ar\nd ! m9e & br+s ! end back to ! plant]4 ,bo? ends are plac$ ov] ! ca!ad1 ?r\gh a snat*block1 & ar\nd ! drum ( a hoi/+ w9dlass4 ,! m9e is hoi/$1 bail up1 until ne> ! ca!ad4 ,x c !n be transf]r$ to ! an*or davit4 ,! m9e cable is pull$ 9 until ! rais+ rope is rea*$4 ,! "w !n proce$s z be=e4 ,if ! m9e buoy has be5 remov$1 a yawl may drag = ! cable ) a grappl+ iron4 ,if ! rais+ rope %\ld break or be lo/1 ! m9e may be rais$ z m5tion$ above1 except t ! m9e mu/ be transf]r$ to ! fall ( ! boom & ! an*or rais$ by means ( its moor+ rope1 or ! m9e may be transf]r$ to ! an*or davit1 z be=e1 & a rais+ rope made fa/ to ! moor+ rope ( ! an*or & c>ri$ ov] ! ca!ad1 ?r\gh a snat*block1 to a hoi/+ w9dlass4 ,! m9e1 z soon z ! /ra9 is tak5 up by ! rais+ rope1 is un%ackl$4 ,! an*or is !n tak5 abo>d 9 ! usual mann]4 ,z soon z ! m9es are tak5 abo>d !y are disconnect$1 ! ropes are coil$1 & all matriel plac$ s z n to int]f]e ) subsequ5t "w4 ,z soon z ! matriel is unload$ on ! :>f x %\ld be clean$ ?or\ghly & /or$4 ,if ! multiple cable is to be left d[n1 ! ends ( ! conductors are insulat$1 ! lid replac$1 & ! box l[]$ by means ( a rais+ rope1 ! end ( :i* is made fa/ to ! bight ( ! b[l9e ( ! an*or rope4 ,if ! multiple cable is to be tak5 up1 ! end is pass$ to ! plant]1 run ?r\gh a l>ge snat*block on ! b[1 & coil$ on a cable-reel z x is rais$4 ,:5ev] a multiple cable is coil$ on a reel x %\ld be secur$ s t bo? ends w be available = te/ :5 ! cable is /or$4 ,unload+ m9es4--,%\ld any ( ! m9es be load$ ) dynamite ! utmo/ c>e mu/ be ex]cis$ 9 unload+ !m4 7,see p4 #gf47 ,"s contrivance mu/ be rigg$ up s t ! fir/ few turns ( ! comp\nd plug may be accompli%$ by ! op]ator at a di/ance1 z !re is great liability ( explosion1 due to leakage ( nitroglyc]9 into ! screw ?reads4 ,aft] ! comp\nd plug is remov$ ! precautions to be obs]v$ are giv5 9 ,app5dix ,no4 #a4 ,%\ld ! m9e be load$ ) guncotton or trotol1 no dang] is to be appreh5d$ 9 unload+2 ! usual precautions 9 h&l+ high explosives mu/1 ( c\rse1 be obs]v$4 ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,! ,,m9e ,,comm&4 ,a m9e comm& consi/s ( ! m9e gr\ps & rapid-fire batt]ies specifically assign$ = _! protection1 :i* are controll$ by a s+le individual4 ,! m9e comm&] is 9 direct comm& ( ! elem5ts ( ! m9e def5se dur+ drill & action4 ,8 /ation is at ! m9e prim>y1 :i* is connect$ by telephone to ! battle comm&]'s /ation4 ,he be>s ! same relation to ! battle comm&] z d ! fire comm&]s1 & 8 duties are simil> to !irs4 ,! m9e comm&] is responsible t ! prop]ty (fic] reque/s = all matriel necess>y to c>ry out ! approv$ s*eme = m9+ ! h>bor2 he is responsible1 fur!r1 t ! prop]ty (fic] keeps ?is matriel 9 prop] condition = imm$iate s]vice4 ,! s5ior company (fic] ( ! m9e comm& is ! prop]ty (fic] & obta9s f ! di/rict artill]y eng9e] all necess>y matriel = ! m9e def5se4 ,he has direct *>ge ( ! /or]oom1 cable tanks1 load+ room1 :>ves1 boats1 boa?\ses1 & m9+ casemate4 ,! p]sonnel ( ! m9e companies are subject to 8 ord]s = s]vice 9 connection ) c>+ = & ma9ta9+ ?is matriel4 ,! (fic]s ( ! companies ( ! m9e comm& w be assign$ by ! m9e comm&] 9 accordance ) _! special fitness4 ,! enli/$ p]sonnel ( m9e companies w be divid$ into sections1 deta*m5ts1 & details1 z foll[s3 7a7 ,fire-control & p[] section4 7b7 ,plant+ & load+ section4 7c7 ,gun & ammunition sections4 7d7 ,res]ve section4 ,^! w be subdivid$ z foll[s3 7a7 ,fire-control & p[] section3 #a4 ,obs]v+ deta*m5t-- a4 ,m detail4 b4 ,m detail4 c4 ,m detail4 #b4 ,plott+ deta*m5t-- a4 ,plott+ bo>d detail4 b4 ,communication detail4 #c4 ,p[] deta*m5t-- a4 ,casemate detail4 b4 ,se>*light detail4 7b7 ,plant+ & load+ section3 #a4 ,plant+ deta*m5t-- a4 ,plant] detail4 b4 ,small-boat details4 #b4 ,load+ deta*m5t-- a4 ,load+ room detail4 b4 ,explosive detail4 c4 ,cable detail4 7c7 ,gun & ammunition section3 a4 ,gun details4 b4 ,projectile detail4 c4 ,p[d] detail4 7d7 ,res]ve section3 ,z requir$4 ,9 ea* company assign$ to ! m9e def5se1 a p]man5t mann+ table w be made out & always kept up to date4 ,a copy ( ?is mann+ table w be po/$ 9 ! m9e comm&]'s /ation4 ,9 addition1 a copy ( su* portion ( ?is table z p]ta9s to any p>ticul> /ation w be po/$ !re94 ,plott+ bo>d4--,! plott+ bo>d diff]s f t us$ = guns 9 t x requires no gun arm & correspond+ atta*m5ts4 ,fur!rmore1 s9ce ! di/ance at :i* m9es are plant$ w 9 g5]al be small1 ! bo>d1 )\t any *ange 9 size1 may be us$ ) a mu* l>g] scale1 say1 #aej y>ds or ev5 #ajj y>ds to ! in*1 & ! arms graduat$ accord+ly4 ,! /ations are mann$ dur+ ! plant+ ( m9es & ! location ( di/ribution boxes1 z well z dur+ op]ations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ae4--,,pr$iction ,,rul]4 ,= plant+ buoys signals may be made f ! prim>y1 f ! second>y1 or f bo?1 z conditions w>rant4 ,obs]vations are tak5 on ea* m9e z plant$1 ! data are record$1 & ! position ( ea* m9e is plott$4 ,dur+ op]ations vessels may be track$ by ! v]tical or by ! horizontal me?od ( position f9d+4 ,if by ! =m]1 ei!r ! comm& 8,fire0 may be giv5 :5 ! vessel is on ! cross wires ( ! in/rum5t set at ! range & azimu? ( a m9e1 or ! "t f any po9t to ! in/ant ( pass+ ov] a m9e may be f\nd by means ( ! pr$iction rul] 7see bel[7 & ! comm& 8,fire0 be giv5 at ! prop] in/ant1 z indicat$ by ! /op wat*4 ,= ! horizontal base sy/em ! latt] me?od mu/ be us$4 ,pr$iction rul] 7fig4 #ae74--,?is is a #aj-;in* :ite celluloid slide rule ) a bevel$ edge4 ,! slide is graduat$ 9 8,y>ds 9 #ae seconds10 & on ! left & "r ( ! runway1 respectively1 are a 8,fire at "t0 & a 8,y>ds to m9e0 scales4 ,! bevel$ edge is graduat$ f ! c5t] outw>d 9 bo? directions ) 8#j0 9 ! c5t] ( ! scale & 8#ejj0 at ei!r end4 ,ea* #ej & #ajj has its value engrav$ on ! scale4 ,me?od ( us+4--,plot ! position ( ! t>get = a #ae-second int]val4 ,) ! bevel$ edge f9d ! di/ance ! t>get has pass$ ov] dur+ ! int]val2 & also det]m9e ! di/ance f ! la/ plott$ position to ! m9e4 ,move ! slide until ! graduation correspond+ to ! 8,y>ds 9 #ae seconds0 is opposite ! graduation correspond+ to ! 8,y>ds to m9e10 & read ! 8,fire at "t0 scale opposite ! arr[ on ! slide4 ,! read+ w be ! numb] ( seconds f ! la/ plott$ position to ! m9e :i* ! vessel is approa*+4 ,a /op wat* is />t$ at ! "t ( ! la/ obs]vation on ! t>get1 & at ! expiration ( ! "t obta9$ f ! 8,fire at "t0 scale ! comm& 8,fire0 may be giv54 ,obs]vation fir+4--,! m9e comm&]'s /ation is connect$ ) ! casemate by telephone4 ,at ! comm& 8,obs]vation fir+0 s5t to ! casemate1 ! casemate op]ator w see t all automatic swit*es are up1 & t all fir+ swit*es are op54 ,he w !n close ! d\ble circuit break]1 & swit*es #d & #i1 :i* w en]gize ! busses ( ! p[] panel4 ,at ! comm& 8,gr\p ----1 m9e ----10 ! op]ator w close swit*es #c & #h on ! p[] panel1 !reby putt+ bo? ,d4 ,c4 & ,a4 ,c4 p[] on ! op]at+ bo>ds4 ,at ! comm& 8,ready10 giv5 f ! m9e comm&]'s /ation at ! prop] "t1 ! op]ator w /& ready to trip ! correspond+ automatic swit*4 ,at ! comm& 8,fire0 ! automatic swit* w be tripp$ & ! fir+ swit* w be clos$4 ,)\t delay1 aft] ! m9e is fir$1 ! fir+ swit* & ! p[] swit* w be op5$1 ! automatic swit* clos$ up1 & ! m9e swit* op5$ on ! m9e block4 ,if ! m9e is /ruck be=e ! comm& 8,fire0 is giv51 ! automatic swit* w fall1 & ! m9e %\ld be fir$ by clos+ ! fir+ swit* unless !re are positive ord]s to ! contr>y4 ,contact fir+4--,= contact fir+ ! m9e sy/em w be set s t a signal w be s5t to ! casemate & ! m9e w be fir$ :5 ! latt] is /ruck by a pass+ vessel4 ,?is is ! normal me?od ( fir+ 9 actual s]vice4 ,at ! comm& 8,contact fir+10 :i* may be giv5 = all gr\ps1 or c]ta9 individual ones1 ! casemate op]ator w see t all automatic swit*es are up1 p[] & m9e swit*es clos$1 & fir+ swit*es op52 he w !n close ! d\ble circuit break]1 & swit*es #d1 #i1 #c1 & #h on ! p[] panel4 ,?is puts bo? ,d4 ,c4 & ,a4 ,c4 on ! op]at+ bo>ds4 ,he w !n close ! fir+ swit*es on all ! bo>ds or on su* z may h be5 indicat$4 ,:5 a m9e has be5 fir$1 ! correspond+ m9e block w be cut out4 ,if x is desir$ to delay ! fir+ ( a m9e aft] be+ /ruck1 ! comm& 8,delay$ contact fir+0 is giv54 ,! op]ations are ! same z = contact fir+ except t ! fir+ swit* is clos$ by ! op]ator a %ort "t aft] ! m9e has be5 /ruck or :5 direct$ to d s4 ,aft] ! m9e has be5 fir$ ! fir+ swit* w be op5$1 & ! correspond+ m9e block w be cut out4 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #a4 ,,explosives4 ,! late/ adopt$ explosive = subm>9e m9es is tr9itrotoluol1 also call$ trotol4 ,! comm]cial names = ?is explosive are tr9ol1 trotyl1 & triton4 ,wet guncotton is us$ ext5sively = subm>9e m9es & 9 em]g5cy o!r comm]cial high explosives may be employ$1 pref]ably dynamite4 ,trotol is a f9e cry/all9e yell[ p[d]1 mu* resembl+ br[n sug>4 ,x is manufactur$ by nitrat+ toluol4 ,x is v ins5sitive to %ock or friction1 insoluble 9 wat]1 v /able 9 /orage1 & v p[]ful :5 detonat$4 ,its melt+ po9t is ab\t #ha ,c41 its ignition po9t is ab\t #aig ,c41 its specific gravity 9 p[d]$ =m is ab\t #a4ee2 x has no dang]\s *emical action on metals4 ,! prim+ *>ge is a fuse c full ( cry/all9e trotol4 ,trotol is suppli$ 9 wood5 boxes d\bly l9$ ) wax pap]1 ea* box conta9+ ab\t #ej p\nds ( explosive4 ,! date ( receipt at ! po/ & ! "n ( ! explosive %all be pa9t$ on ea* box4 ,! boxes %\ld be /or$ 9 ti]s ) ! m>k$ end out1 ! bottom ti] re/+ on skids4 ,! explosive is n dang]\s to h&le1 b ! same c>e %\ld be obs]v$ 9 /or+ & h&l+ z ) o!r high explosives4 ,x %\ld be /or$ 9 a p]fectly dry place1 pref]ably 9 a magaz9e4 ,if x is impracticable to /ore 9 a magaz9e1 ! explosive may be /or$ 9 ! drie/ place available :]e x is protect$ ?or\ghly f all fire risks4 ,if f any cause ! boxes ( explosive are wet & !re is reasonable assurance t ! int]ior has become wet1 a box %\ld be select$ & op5$4 ,if ! int]ior is wet1 a full report ( ! circum/ances %all be made to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,boxes %\ld be op5$ & ! cont5ts dri$ 9 op5 air out ( ! direct rays ( ! sun4 ,trotol may be /or$ ) wet guncotton1 explosive ,d1 & dynamite4 ,inspection at po/s w be limit$ to see+ t ! rules = /orage & c>e are /rictly obs]v$4 ,te*nical inspections w be made1 :5 requir$1 by ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t4 ,wet guncotton 9 ! =m ( compress$ cakes is suppli$ 9 boxes l9$ ) z9c1 ! lid be+ screw$ d[n ^u a rubb] gasket s z to prev5t ! loss ( wat] by evaporation4 ,ea* box conta9s #ajj p\nds ( dry guncotton4 ,9 ! lid is a small flu% cap :i* screws d[n ^u a rubb] wa%] & closes a tube communicat+ ) ! int]ior ( ! box4 ,^u ea* box !re is pa9t$ by ! manufactur] ! net & total weights4 ,%ipp+ regulations require t guncotton %\ld be wet ) wat] s t ! wat] is #bj p] c5t ( ! weight ( guncotton & wat]4 ,?is is too mu* wat] = full detonation1 & ! guncotton ^u receipt at a po/ %\ld be dri$ out s t ! weight ( wat] is f #ab to #ae p] c5t ( t ( ! dry guncotton4 ,! guncotton is dri$ by op5+ ! box & pyramid+ ! guncotton on ! lid & 9 ! box s t !re w be free circulation ( air betwe5 ! cakes4 ,! use ( an electric fan 9 ?is connection w ord9>ily mat]ially facilitate ! op]ation4 ,by weigh+ pilot cakes x may be det]m9$ :5 ! prop] am\nt ( wat] has evaporat$4 ,! guncotton is !n repack$1 lid screw$ d[n1 & ! weight *alk$ ^u ! end ( ! box4 ,! guncotton %\ld be plac$ :ile dry+ s t x is n 9 ! sunlight & %\ld be h&l$ ) clean cotton or rubb] gloves4 ,9 addition to ! regul> mon?ly inspection ! boxes are reweigh$ qu>t]ly "u ! sup]vision ( ! (fic] responsible = subm>9e m9e explosive1 & ! gross weight s f\nd *alk$ ^u ! end4 ,%\ld any box %[ any decid$ decrease 9 weight ! screw cap 9 ! lid is remov$1 en\gh fre% wat]1 pref]ably di/ill$ or ra9 wat]1 add$ to br+ x up to its orig9al weight1 & ! screw cap replac$4 ,magaz9es 9 :i* guncotton is /or$ %\ld n be all[$ to atta9 a temp]ature z high z #ajj ,f4 = any l5g? ( "t4 ,guncotton :i* is kept wet may det]iorate aft] long /orage1 b w n become dang]\s4 ,wet guncotton c n be ignit$ by a flame1 b gradually sm\ld]s away z ! out] portions 9 contact ) ! flame become dri$4 ,a br[ni% or r$di% %ade is sometimes se5 9 cakes ( guncotton4 ,?is is due to ! pres5ce ( iron 9 ! wa% wat] & does n indicate decomposition4 ,:5 /or+ guncotton 9 ! magaz9e ! piles ( boxes %\ld be made s z to give free circulation ( air & ! greate/ conv5i5ce 9 h&l+ consi/5t ) ! capacity ( ! magaz9e4 ,9 ! ev5t ( damage to any case1 :i* may cause loss ( wat] by evaporation1 ! cont5ts %all be remov$ at once1 repack$ 9 a guncotton box :i* has be5 wa%$ ) soda solution1 ! prop] am\nt ( wat] add$ to ! cont5ts1 & ! box clos$4 ,! gross weight %all be m>k$ on ! case4 ,9 repack+ avoid z mu* z possible h&l+ ! cakes ) ! b>e h&s4 ,?is is = ! protection ( ! guncotton f oil or acid ( any k9d4 ,clean cotton or rubb] gloves are suitable cov]+ = ! h&s :5 engag$ on ?is "w4 ,if = any reason ! cases are subject$ to dampness suffici5t to cause unusual det]ioration ( ! cases1 !y %\ld be remov$ f ! magaz9e & dri$1 out ( ! direct rays ( ! sun4 ,guncotton conta9+ #ab or #ae p] c5t ( moi/ure may be /or$ ) explosive ,d1 trotol1 & dynamite1 b nev] ) dry guncotton4 ,empty cases1 be=e be+ plac$ 9 /orage1 mu/ be wa%$ ?or\ghly to remove all traces ( guncotton4 ,= a *>ge ( wet guncotton1 ! prim+ *>ge is dry guncotton4 ,?is may be ei!r ( crumbl$ guncotton or cakes made to fit ! fuse c4 ,! compress$ prim] cakes are suppli$ wet & bor$ ) holes to receive ! fuses & ! load+ wire4 ,%\ld ! supply ( guncotton prim]s become exhau/$ fre% ones may be prep>$ z foll[s3 ,two blocks ( s(t p9e are us$1 "o #c in*es squ>e1 ! o!r circul> & #b4i in*es 9 diamet]4 ,a cake ( wet guncotton is clamp$ betwe5 ^! blocks4 ,us+ a f9e jo9]s' saw & ! circul> block z a gauge1 a cyl9d] is saw$ f ! cake4 ,! cyl9d] is !n smoo!d d[n ) a rasp4 ,f\r ( ^! are prep>$ = ea* *>ge & 9 ea* "o ( !m a hole ab\t _/ in* 9 diamet] is bor$4 ,:ile bor+ ! hole ! cake mu/ be tightly clamp$ betwe5 two p9e blocks to prev5t x f splitt+2 to insure t all ! holes w be 9 alignm5t x is advisable t ! upp] wood5 block be provid$ ) a _/-in* hole & be ?ick en\gh to enable ?is hole to s]ve z a guide = ! bit4 ,! bor+ is done ) ! ord9>y bit1 :i* mu/ be %>p1 s z to cut clean4 ,x is n safe to saw or bore a dry guncotton cake4 ,x is ess5tial t ! guncotton prim] be ?or\ghly dry4 ,! prim]s may be dri$ by exposure to ! air or by means ( dry+ ov5s suppli$ especially = ! purpose4 ,to air-dry a prim]1 x is plac$ on edge ^u a %elf ( wire gauze or nett+ :i* is hung up indoors :]e !re is a free circulation ( dry w>m air4 ,dry+ %\ld cont9ue until weigh+s on two successive days %[ no appreciable loss4 ,?is may require a week or m4 ,9 dry+ ) an ov5 ! cakes are laid on edge on ! %elves & ! temp]ature ( ! ov5 is kept at ab\t #ajj ,f42 x %\ld n exce$ #ajd ,f4 ,! heat is provid$ by means ( a bank ( lamps plac$ "u ! hood & ! curr5t ( w>m air regulat$ by ! size ( ! lamp bank & ! op5+s 9 ! top ( ! ov54 ,"u no circum/ances mu/ an op5 flame be us$ z a s\rce ( heat4 ,! dry+ 9 ?is case also is cont9u$ until successive weigh+s ( samples %[ no appreciable loss4 ,:5ev] x is necess>y to dry m ?an #ej p\nds ( guncotton prim]s = imm$iate use ! guncotton %\ld be plac$ 9 ! dry+ ov5 & expos$ to ! action ( an electric fan plac$ ab\t #d feet 9 front ( ! op5 door until ! moi/ure cont5t is r$uc$ to ab\t #f p] c5t1 :5 ! dry+ %\ld be complet$ by ! use ( ! bank ( lamps z describ$ 9 ! prec$+ p>agraph4 ,9 ea* case1 to te/ ! dryness ( ! prim]s1 take a cake & split x 9 f\r or five pieces & detonate ea* sep>ately ) a fuse4 ,x has be5 det]m9$ t ab\t #e p] c5t ( wat] is ! maximum cont5t = unconf9$ guncotton capable ( detonation by a ,du ,pont ,no4 #cj fuse4 ,prim+ *>ges are n to be prep>$ until j previ\s to ! "t !y are to be us$ 9 load+4 ,:5 ! prim]s h be5 dri$1 !y %\ld be kept 9 well-seal$ j>s unless !y are to be us$ v soon aft] dry+1 9 :i* case !y w be /or$ 9 assembl$ fuse cans2 :5 ?us /or$ ! assembl$ fuse cans %\ld be kept 9 a cool1 dry1 & secure room away f o!r explosives4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! prim]s are to be /or$ = any l5g? ( "t1 two /rips ( blue litmus pap] are ins]t$ betwe5 ! cakes1 :i* are inspect$ f "t to "t4 ,if ! litmus pap] %[s decid$ r$ness1 x %\ld be remov$ & fre% /rips ins]t$4 ,if ^! /rips turn r$ 9 a few h\rs1 ! prim]s %\ld be ?or\ghly wet ) fre% wat]4 ,9 g5]al1 ! p]iod ( /orage w be %ort & no p>ticul> exam9ation ( ! dry guncotton w be requir$4 ,dry guncotton %\ld be h&l$ z little z possible1 to prev5t crumbl+ & scatt]+ ( guncotton du/4 ,f9ely divid$ guncotton is difficult to remove by bru%+ & if all[$ to collect ab\t a room may give s]i\s tr\ble by fla%+ %\ld a portion become ignit$4 ,?is du/ may be remov$ ) a damp sponge or clo?4 ,dry guncotton :i* is n us$ z contemplat$ %all be rewet ) ! prop] am\nt ( wat] & repack$4 ,samples ( ea* lot ( guncotton issu$ to ! s]vice are pres]v$ 9 ! laboratory ( ! ,ordnance ,dep>tm5t = *emical te/4 ,^! reta9$ samples are subject$ regul>ly to te*nical inspection & te/ by t dep>tm5t to det]m9e _! condition z to /ability4 ,?is w insure ! detection ( lots t are det]iorat+ & _! removal f ! po/s or _! de/ruction be=e !y h det]iorat$ to su* an ext5t t !y become dang]\s4 ,dynamite4--,dynamite c>tridges are pack$ ord9>ily 9 sawdu/ 9 wood5 boxes4 ,ea* c>tridge is wrapp$ 9 p>aff9 pap]4 ,! c>tridges are arrang$ 9 ! box s t :5 !y are transport$ all c>tridges w lie on _! sides & nev] on _! ends4 ,usually ! am\nt ( explosive 9 a s+le package w n exce$ #ej p\nds4 ,! boxes mu/ nev] be all[$ to /& s t ! c>tridges w be v]tical4 ,l o!r nitroglyc]91 dynamite freezes at ab\t #dj ,f41 & 9 its froz5 condition is1 "u ord9>y circum/ances1 less liable to explosion f detonation or p]cussion ?an :5 ?aw$1 b m susceptible to explosion by simple ignition4 ,%\ld any ( ! nitroglyc]9 be exud$1 ! dynamite c>tridges are mu* m s5sitive to explosion by a bl[4 ,x is important t dynamite c>tridges be kept dry4 ,if expos$ to a moi/ atmosph]e1 !re is a t5d5cy ( ! wat]1 cond5s$ f ! air on all expos$ surfaces1 to displace ! nitroglyc]94 ,! cases %\ld be rais$ f ! floor on skids & ! floor und]nea? cov]$ ) clean sawdu/4 ,! sawdu/ %\ld be remov$ f "t to "t1 ! old sawdu/ be+ burn$ 9 ! op5 air4 ,rubb] gloves %\ld be worn 9 h&l+ ?is explosive1 or 9 ! abs5ce ( rubb] gloves cov] ! h&s ) grease & we> cotton gloves4 ,?is is = ! protection ( ! sk9 f ! injuri\s effect ( nitroglyc]94 ,dynamite may be /or$ ) wet guncotton1 explosive ,d1 & trotol4 ,date ( receipt at po/ %all be m>k$ on ea* box4 ,! prim+ *>ge = dynamite is a p\nd ( loose dynamite conta9$ 9 a small bag :i* fits easily into ! fuse c4 ,9 fill+ ! bag rubb] gloves mu/ be worn4 ,to ins]t ! fuses ! bag is op5$ & ! fuses emb$d$ 9 ! explosive1 ! *oke be+ ti$ ar\nd ! fuse wires4 ,at ! mon?ly inspection all boxes %all be exam9$ to see if !y are dry4 ,if n dry1 all %all be expos$ to ! dry air out ( ! direct rays ( ! sun4 ,! pr9cipal s\rce ( dang] f dynamite is 9 ! exudation ( ! nitroglyc]94 ,exudation is indicat$ by ! pres5ce ( small :ite1 oily1 lu/r\s globules ( liquid1 ei!r among ! p>ticles ( dynamite or on ! packages4 ,if su* globules are discov]$1 !y may be id5tifi$ positively z nitroglyc]9 by absorb+ a drop 9 a piece ( unglaz$ pap]1 :i* %\ld be plac$ on an anvil or o!r piece ( metal1 & /rik+ x a %>p bl[ ) a hamm]4 ,if x be nitroglyc]91 an explosion w occur4 ,ano!r te/ is to set fire to ! pap]1 & if ! liquid be nitroglyc]9 x w burn ) a crackl+ noise & a gre5i%-yell[ flame4 ,if exud$ nitroglyc]9 has /a9$ floors or o!r mat]ial n readily de/roy$1 ! nitroglyc]9 may be decompos$ & r5d]$ h>mless by wa%+ ) 8sulphur solution40 ,?is solution may be made by boil+ #ej p\nds ( lime 9 a b>rel ( wat] & add+ p[d]$ sulphur until ! solution w take up no m4 ,?is w require ab\t #bj p\nds ( sulphur4 ,! result+ bright orange-color$ solution %\ld be filt]$ & only ! filtrate us$4 ,a suitable filt] = ?is purpose is a piece ( ?9 *eese-clo?4 ,sodium c>bonate may be us$ 9 ! place ( lime4 ,dynamite may be de/roy$ by burn+ 9 small quantities at a "t4 ,slit ! c>tridge ) a knife1 spread out ! cont5ts ov] "s /raw or %av+s1 & ignite c>efully4 ,d n attempt to burn froz5 dynamite4 ,m9e fuses4--,^! are regul> comm]cial electric fuses1 extra quality1 & ea* conta9s ab\t #be gra9s ( m]cury fulm9ate4 ,fuses are suppli$ 9 pa/ebo>d boxes conta9+ #ej ea*1 pa/ebo>d boxes be+ %ipp$ 9 suitable wood5 boxes4 ,!y are suppli$ ) long leads :i* are cut to prop] l5g? :5 ! m9es are load$4 ,!y mu/ n be /or$ ) o!r explosives4 ,load+ m9es4--,9 load+ m9es ! foll[+ precautions are obs]v$3 7a7 ,funnels are us$ to cov] ! screw ?reads4 7b7 ,trotol is p\r$ ?r\gh ! funnels4 7c7 ,cakes ( guncotton or packages ( dynamite are pass$ ?r\gh ! funnels by h&4 7d7 ,! screw ?reads are wip$ c>efully be=e ! comp\nd plug is ins]t$4 7e7 ,pieces ( canvas or paul9s %\ld be spread ^u ! floor ( ! load+ room4 ,aft] ! load+ has be5 complet$ ! canvas %\ld be remov$ & ?or\ghly clean$4 ,! floor ( ! load+ room %\ld be scrubb$ & all refuse de/roy$4 ,unload+ m9es4--,m9es *>g$ ) trotol or wet guncotton may be unload$ )\t dang]2 ! comp\nd plug be+ unscrew$1 ! cakes ( wet guncotton are remov$ by h&1 repack$ 9 ! orig9al boxes1 a little fre% wat] add$1 & ! boxes clos$4 ,if load$ ) trotol1 ! *>ge is p\r$ out into ! boxes1 :i* are !n clos$4 ,trotol %\ld be inspect$ c>efully :5 remov$ f ! case1 & if !re is indication t any ( x has und]gone a *ange :ile ! m9e 0 load$1 a report %\ld be made to ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,9 unload+ m9es *>g$ ) dynamite too _m precautions c n be tak54 ,! m9e %\ld be held ei!r 9 an op5+ 9 a raft or beh9d an e>!n trav]se & ! comp\nd plug remov$ by "s arrangem5t :i* may be op]at$ f a safe di/ance4 ,if ! m9e has be5 plant$ = "s "t ! recov]$ dynamite is usually de/roy$4 ,sometimes ! int]ior ( ! m9e case may be f\nd coat$ ) an extremely ?9 film ( exud$ nitroglyc]94 ,?is film may be de/roy$ by fill+ & ?or\ghly r9s+ ! case ) 8sulphur solution40 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #b4 ,,! ,,hornsby-,,akroyd ,,oil ,,eng9e ,,& ,,g5]ator4 7,see also ,artill]y ,notes1 ,no4 #ab47 ,! eng9e4--,?is is a horizontal1 s+le-act+1 s+le-cyl9d] k]os5e eng9e1 hav+ a flyball gov]nor & op]at+ on a f\r-/roke cycle4 ,?is cycle consi/s 9 turn ( ! explosion on ! fir/ out/roke1 ! expulsion ( ! products ( ! explosion on ! foll[+ in/roke1 ! intake into ! cyl9d] ( a mixture ( air & oil vapor on ! foll[+ out/roke1 & ! compression ( ?is explosive mixture on ! next in/roke4 ,?is cycle !re=e requires two complete revolutions ( ! crank %aft = "o complete set ( op]ations4 ,on "o side ( ! cyl9d] ne> ! clos$ end is a valve box conta9+ two valves1 ! air-inlet valve & ! exhau/ valve4 ,! air-inlet & ! exhau/ valves are actuat$ by sep>ate lev]s1 ea* lev] be+ mov$ by a cam m\nt$ on a horizontal %aft1 driv5 by ! crank %aft ?r\gh worm ge>+4 ,?is horizontal %aft makes b "o revolution :ile ! crank %aft makes two2 ?us ! air-inlet & ! exhau/ valves are ea* op5$ once e two revolutions ( ! fly:eel4 ,at ! back ( ! cyl9d]1 9 prolongation ( its axis1 is a ca/-iron box call$ ! vaporiz]1 :i* is always op5 to ! cyl9d]4 ,be=e />t+ ! eng9e ?is vaporiz] mu/ be heat$ by an ext]nal lamp1 s t x w vaporize ! oil :5 x is fir/ pump$ into x4 ,aft] ! eng9e has />t$ runn+1 ! lamp is no long] requir$1 z ! vaporiz] is kept at a suffici5t heat by ! int]nal explosions4 ,a small oil pump1 work$ by ! air-valve lev]1 draws oil f ! oil tank "u ! eng9e & =ces x into ! vaporiz] at ! prop] "t4 ,! oil1 on its way f ! pump to ! vaporiz]1 passes ?r\gh a valve box atta*$ to ! vaporiz]2 ?is valve box has two valves 9 x1 a horizontal "o1 kept clos$ by a spr+ :i* ! oil =ces op5 z x goes into ! vaporiz]2 ! o!r1 a v]tical "o1 also kept clos$ by a spr+4 ,%\ld ! eng9e run too fa/1 ! gov]nor op5s ?is latt] valve & all[s "s ( ! oil to fl[ back to ! oil tank ?r\gh ! wa/e pipe4 ,?is valve c also be op5$ by turn+ ! little regulat+ h&le1 :i* w /op ! supply ( oil to ! vaporiz] & ?us /op ! eng9e4 ,,in/ructions ,,= ,,work+4 ,fro/y wea!r4--,if !re is dang] ( freez+1 on %utt+ d[n dra9 ! wat] f ! circulat+ pipes & cyl9d] jacket1 & valve box if wat]-jacket$2 o!rwise !y may bur/ or crack4 ,caution4--,be=e />t+1 see t ! cocks :i* admit wat] to ! wat] jacket ( ! vaporiz] valve box are op52 t ! cock on ! ma9 wat] pipe f ! bottom ( ! wat] tank is op52 t ! wat] 9 ! tank is above ! upp] circulat+ pipe2 t ! dra9 cock is clos$2 & t ! oil tank is fill$ ) k]os5e4 ,gasol9e mu/ n be us$ ) ?is eng9e4 ,heat+ ! vaporiz]4--,op5 ! relief cock on top ( ! eng9e cyl9d]4 ,place ! lamp on ! /& "u ! vaporiz]2 fill ! lamp ) oil by means ( ! fill+ pipe till ! oil is #a in* bel[ ! pipe2 & put a piece ( wick into ! cups :i* are =m$ ar\nd ! pipes4 ,^! wicks1 :i* %\ld consi/ ( a piece ( ord9>y asbe/os pack+1 w la/ = sev]al weeks4 ,place ! lid ( ! vaporiz] cov] crosswise on ! cov] to all[ ! escape ( heat$ gas & air4 ,a little alcohol or k]os5e %\ld be p\r$ into ! cup "u ! coil & light$4 ,! cups may be fill$ ) k]os5e by clos+ ! air-escape valve & work+ ! air pump4 ,! pressure =ces oil out ?r\gh ! vapor nozzle & x w run d[n into ! cups4 ,:5 ?is is ne>ly burn$ out pump up ! res]voir ) air by ! air pump4 ,oil w issue f ! small nozzle & give a cle> flame4 ,:5 x is desir$ to /op ! lamp1 turn ! ?umbscrew on ! res]voir fill+ nozzle to let ! air out4 ,%\ld ! nozzle become *ok$ x %\ld be clean$ ) ! small ne$les = t purpose4 ,! heat+ ( ! vaporiz] is "o ( ! mo/ important ?+s to be att5d$ to1 & c>e mu/ be tak5 t x is hot en\gh at />t+4 ,! att5dant mu/ see t ! lamp is burn+ prop]ly & t a good cle> flame is giv5 (f = f #e to #aj m9utes1 accord+ to ! size ( ! eng9e4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! lamp is burn+ badly1 x may take long] to become heat$ suffici5tly4 ,x is important t ?is %\ld be c>efully att5d$ to1 = ?\gh ! eng9e may />t1 if ! vaporiz] is n z hot z x %\ld be ! eng9e w run badly & p]haps soon /op altoge!r4 ,failures ( eng9es to run prop]ly c 9 mo/ cases be trac$ to ?is s\rce4 ,no "t %\ld be lo/ 9 />t+ ! eng9e aft] ! vaporiz] has be5 suffici5tly heat$1 z ! eng9e may n run satisfactorily if ! vaporiz] is all[$ to cool aft] heat+ x4 ,! lamp %\ld be left burn+ a few m9utes aft] />t+4 ,oil+ ! eng9e4--,oil+ ! eng9e %\ld always be done dur+ ! heat+-up ( ! vaporiz]4 ,see t ! oil cups on ! two ma9 crank %aft be>+s are fitt$ ) prop] wicks & fill$ ) oil4 ,adju/ ! lubricator on ! l>ge end ( ! connect+-rod & oil ! small end :i* is inside ! pi/on4 ,oil also ! foll[+3 ,! be>+s on ! horizontal %aft & ! skew ge>+1 ! roll]s at ! ends ( ! valve lev]s & _! p9s1 ! p9s on :i* ! lev]s rock1 ! gov]nor sp9dles & jo9ts & ! bevel :eels :i* drive ! same1 & ! jo9ts t connect ! gov]nor to ! v]tical valve ( ! ov]fl[4 ,= su* be>+s none b ! be/ eng9e oil %\ld be us$4 ,x is necess>y t a suitable oil %\ld be us$ = lubricat+ ! cyl9d]1 & unless su* an oil be us$ = ?is purpose ! eng9e may run badly & p]haps /op altoge!r4 ,"u no circum/ances mu/ a ?ick cyl9d] oil be us$1 & ! oil mu/ n be us$ ov] aga9 on ! pi/on4 ,d n use ord9>y lubricat+ oil4 ,a high-grade gas-eng9e oil especially suit$ to ?is eng9e %\ld be us$ & ! pi/on %\ld be kept flood$ ) x4 ,/>t+ ! eng9e4--,?r[ ! h& lev] to 8,to />t40 ,turn ! small crut*-h&le regulator ,y to ! position 8,%ut0 & "w ! pump lev] up & d[n until oil is se5 to pass ! ov]fl[ freely4 ,turn ! regulator back to 8,op510 "w ! pump lev] up & d[n a few /rokes4 ,vapor %\ld issue ) "s =ce f ! relief cock on ! cyl9d]4 ,?is indicates suffici5t heat4 ,close ! relief cock & pump a few /rokes4 ,man ! fly:eel & />t ! fly:eel backw>d1 us+ ! weight ( ! body if necess>y1 br++ ! pi/on up aga9/ compression z %>ply z possible1 & !n release ! :eel1 :5 an explosion %\ld take place & ! eng9e />t =w>d4 ,z soon z ! eng9e has suffici5t spe$ to c>ry x pa/ a full compression1 ?r[ ! lev] to 8,to "w40 ,:5 full spe$ is obta9$1 cut d[n ! pump /roke to correspond to ! load1 op5 ! oil fe$]s1 & g ov] ! eng9e c>efully1 see+ t ! cyl9d] oil fe$ is work+4 ,oil pump4--,:5 ! cyl9d] is work+ at its full p[] ! di/ance betwe5 ! r\nd flanges on ! pump plung] %\ld be su* t ! h& gauge 7suppli$ ) ! eng9e1 & to be f\nd 9 ! tool box7 w all[ ! "p /amp$ 8#a0 j to fit 9 betwe5 ! flanges2 if at any "t ! positions ( ^! flanges be alt]$ !y c be readju/$ to ?is gauge4 ,! o!r l5g?s on ! h& gauge are useful = adju/+ ! pump to economize oil4 ,:5 runn+ on a m$ium load1 use l5g? m>k$ #b2 on a light load1 use l5g? m>k$ #c4 ,see t ! pump pack+ is n too tight4 ,runn+ ! eng9e light4--,:5 ! eng9e is to run light--t is1 ) no load or ) a light load--x is be/ to alt] ! /roke ( ! pump to ! am\nt ( oil t w keep ! eng9e runn+4 ,?is am\nt c be r$uc$ s t ! spe$ ( ! eng9e is a few revolutions "u ! normal1 :i* w all[ ! vaporiz] to get a small *>ge ea* "t & keep x f cool+4 ,! cock on ! return ( ! wat] circulat+ pipe may be ne>ly clos$ to keep ! cyl9d] w>m]4 ,^! rem>ks d n apply :5 ! load is int]mitt5t & ! eng9e is runn+ light = a %ort "t only4 ,air-inlet & exhau/ valves4--,see t ! air-inlet & ! exhau/ valves are always work+ prop]ly & drop onto _! seats4 ,!y c at any "t1 if requir$1 be made tight by gr9d+ ) a little fl\r ( em]y & oil4 ,to insure a good seat to ! valves :5 ! /ems are exp&$ by heat ! /ems %\ld cle> ! set-screws on ! lev]s at lea/ _/ in* :5 ! air & ! exhau/ lev]s are cle> ( ! cams4 ,a great] cle>ance is undesirable1 z x prev5ts ! full op5+ ( ! valves4 ,if at any "t ! air-inlet or ! exhau/ valves appe> to be op5+ or clos+ at ! wrong "t1 take (f ! nut on ! end ( ! lay %aft :i* holds ! skew-:eel on & see t ! *isel cuts on ! %aft are opposite to "o ano!r4 ,! lay %aft is con$ :]e ! skew :eel is fix$ on & x is held on simply by friction1 ! nut be+ tight5$ aga9/ x4 ,%\ld x at any "t become necess>y to take out ! crank %aft1 always be sure t ! skew-:eel ge>+ is put toge!r s t ! too? m>k$ 8#j0 on ! crank %aft skew-:eel fits 9 betwe5 ! two tee? m>k$ 8#j0 on ! oil-%aft skew-:eel4 ,vaporiz] valve box & pipes atta*$ to vaporiz]4--,9 ?is box !re are two valves4 ,! v]tical "o is regulat$ by ! gov]nor1 & :5 ! eng9e runs fa/] ?an its prop] spe$ ! gov]nor pu%es x d[n1 ?us op5+ x & all[+ "s oil to return to ! oil tank4 ,! horizontal valve 9 ?is box is a back-pressure valve4 ,if at any "t ?is valve is n work+ prop]ly1 vapor w be se5 com+ out ( ! ov]fl[ pipe2 9 ?is case ! valve %\ld be exam9$4 ,by screw+ (f ! outside cap ! tail ( ?is valve c be se52 if ! valve is turn$ ar\nd a few times x w probably dislodge any dirt t may be "u x2 if1 h[ev]1 ?is does n /op ! leakage ! valve %\ld be tak5 out = inspection4 ,if ! horizontal valve & sleeves are tak5 out at any "t1 great c>e mu/ be tak5 9 replac+ !m to use ! same ?ickness ( jo9t+ mat]ial z be=e or ! di/ance ! valve op5s w be alt]$4 ,see t ! pipe f ! pump to ! vaporiz] valve box is incl9$ upw>d all ! way f ! pump4 ,if ?is is n s1 an air pocket w be =m$ 9 :i* a c]ta9 am\nt ( air w be compress$ ^u ea* /roke ( ! pump4 ,?is w cause ! oil to fl[ 9 sl[ly & n sudd5ly z x %\ld4 ,if ! oil tank be empti$ ( oil at any "t1 air w get into ! suction & deliv]y pipes ( ! pump & x w take "s "t be=e ! oil go+ ?r\gh ! pump & pipes w be free ( ?is air2 = a:ile !reaft]1 ! eng9e w n "w prop]ly1 z ! air1 by be+ compress$ z ! pump works1 w int]f]e ) oil be+ pump$ 9 sudd5ly4 ,x is be/1 if ! oil gets bel[ ! filt] 9 ! tank1 to "w ! pump by h& = ab\t #aj m9utes1 hold+ ! relief valve 7on ! vaporiz] box7 s z to get air well out ( ! pipes4 ,to /op ! eng9e4--,turn ! crut*-h&le regulator to 8,%ut40 ,close ! automatic lubricator4 ,if x is desir$ to /op ! eng9e = a %ort "t only1 put ! lamp back "u ! vaporiz] to keep x hot4 ,sett+ ! oil eng9e & ! g5]ator4--,! eng9e & g5]ator %\ld be s locat$ t ! di/ance f c5t] to c5t] ( pulleys %\ld be z ne>ly correct z possible :5 ! g5]ator is at ! middle po9t ( ! base rails1 s t ! prop] t5sion ( ! belt may be obta9$ )9 ! limits ( adju/m5t all[$ by ! rails4 ,! two pulleys %\ld be accurately 9 l9e & ! belt n too tight4 ,! g5]ator base %\ld re/ on a wood5 frame to sep>ate x f ! concrete pi]4 ,bo? eng9e & g5]ator %\ld be held firmly 9 position by an*or bolts4 ,= ! g5]ator be>+s a quantity ( ! be/ dynamo oil is furni%$2 ! commutator %\ld be clean & smoo?1 & ! bru%es %\ld fit ! surface4 ,! commutator %\ld be clean$ occasionally ) a little p>aff9 on canvas1 & ! bru%es %\ld be adju/$1 s t :5 runn+ at full load no sp>k+ occurs4 ,all electrical connections %\ld be firmly made & kept ?or\ghly clean4 ,a cov] %\ld be kept on ! g5]ator :5 n 9 use4 ,if ! ma*9e be damp x %\ld be all[$ to dry be=e runn+ at full load4 ,,note4--,a few new in/allations h be5 suppli$ ) #e-kw4 gasol9e electric sets1 & future in/allations w be simil>ly equipp$4 ,:]ev] in/all$1 pamphlets on ! c>e & op]ation ( ! gasol9e sets h be5 furni%$1 conta9+ full in/ructions = ! guidance ( ^? conc]n$4 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #c4 ,,! ,,/orage ,,batt]y4 7,see pamphlets issu$ by ! ,electric ,/orage ,batt]y ,co41 ,philadelphia1 ,pa41 on ,g5]al ,in/ructions = ! ,op]ation & ,c>e ( ! ,*loride ,accumulator47 ,unpack+ mat]ial4--,great c>e %\ld be tak5 9 ! unpack+ & subsequ5t h&l+ ( ! v>i\s p>ts ( ! batt]y1 z _m ( !m are easily brok5 or b5t out ( %ape by r\gh h&l+4 ,op5 ! crates or pack+ boxes on ! side m>k$ 8,up0 & c>efully lift cont5ts out2 nev] slide !m out by turn+ ! crate on its side4 ,^u op5+ ! crates & boxes1 c>efully c\nt ! cont5ts ( ea* package1 & *eck ) ! %ipp+ li/4 ,a numb] ( small p>ts w usually be f\nd 9 ea* %ipm5t1 & c>e %\ld be tak5 to exam9e ! pack+ mat]ials to det]m9e t no p>ts h be5 ov]look$4 ,imm$iately ^u op5+ ! crates ! mat]ials %\ld be c>efully exam9$ = breakage4 ,crack$ j>s1 :e!r ( glass or rubb]1 %\ld n be set up1 = if put into use leakage ( electrolyte may cause annoyance or tr\ble4 ,location ( batt]y room4--,! prop] location ( ! batt]y is important4 ,x %\ld be 9 a sep>ate room1 :i* %\ld be well v5tilat$1 dry1 & ( mod]ate temp]ature4 ,extremes ( temp]ature affect ! prop] work+ ( a batt]y4 ,! air %\ld be dry1 = if damp !re is dang] ( leakage due to gr\nds4 ,! v5tilation %\ld be free1 n only to insure dryness1 b to prev5t *ance ( an explosion1 z ! gases giv5 (f dur+ *>ge =m an explosive mixture if conf9$4 ,= ?is reason nev] br+ an expos$ flame ne> ! batt]y :5 x is gass+4 ,direct sunlight %\ld n fall on ! cells4 ,! trays1 ! b5*es on :i* ! cells re/1 & all metal "w 7iron & copp]7 %\ld be pa9t$ ) asphaltum v>ni%4 ,assembl+ & plac+ cells 9 position4--,place ! j>s1 aft] !y h be5 clean$1 9 position on ! /&s1 :i* %\ld be provid$ = ! purpose & :i* %\ld be s situat$ 9 ! room t ea* cell w be easily accessible4 ,! j>s are set 9 ! trays1 :i* previ\sly %\ld be fill$ ) f9e dry s& ev5 ) ! top1 ! trays re/+ on ! glass insulators4 ,place ! elem5ts z !y come f ! pack+ cases on a conv5i5t /& or table 7! elem5ts are pack$ positive & negative plates toge!r2 ! positive has plates ( a br[ni% color1 ! negative ( a light gray--! negative always has "o m plate ?an ! positive71 cut ! /r+s t b9d !m toge!r1 & c>efully pull ! positive & negative gr\ps ap>t1 ?r[+ ! pack+ aside4 ,aft] c>efully look+ ov] bo? gr\ps & remov+ any dirt or o!r =eign matt]1 assemble !m1 ) sep>ators betwe5 ea* positive & negative plate4 ,:5 putt+ into ! j>s be c>eful t ! direction ( ! lugs is relatively ! same 9 ea* case1 ?us caus+ a positive lug ( "o cell always to connect ) a negative ( ! adjo9+ "o1 & vice v]sa4 ,?is insures ! prop] pol>ity ?r\gh\t ! batt]y1 br++ a positive lug at "o free end & a negative at ! o!r4 ,be=e bolt+ or clamp+ ! lugs toge!r1 !y %\ld be well scrap$ at ! po9t ( contact to insure good conductivity & l[ resi/ance ( ! circuit2 ?is %\ld be done be=e ! elem5ts are tak5 ap>t & directly aft] unpack+1 if ! batt]y is to be set up at once4 ,! connections %\ld be gone ov] & tight5$ sev]al times aft] ! lugs are fir/ fa/5$ toge!r to insure good contact4 ,connect+ up ! *>g+ circuit4--,be=e putt+ ! electrolyte into ! cells1 ! circuits connect+ ! batt]y ) ! *>g+ s\rce mu/ be complete1 c>e be+ tak5 to h ! positive pole ( ! *>g+ s\rce connect$ ) ! positive end ( ! batt]y4 ,electrolyte4--,! electrolyte is dilute sulphuric acid ( a specific gravity ( #a4baj or #be ,baum1 z %[n on ! hydromet] at temp]ature ( #gj ,f4 ,! electrolyte %\ld cov] ! top ( ! plates by "o-half in* to ?ree-f\r?s in*1 & mu/ be cool :5 p\r$ into ! cells4 ,! j>s %\ld be numb]$ ) asphaltum v>ni% & a l9e made ) ! same mat]ial to indicate ! height at :i* ! electrolyte %\ld be kept4 ,initial *>ge4--,! *>ge %\ld be />t$ at ! normal rate z soon z ! electrolyte is 9 ! cells & cont9u$ at ! same rate1 provid$ ! temp]ature ( ! electrolyte is well bel[ #ajj ,f41 until !re is no fur!r rise or increase 9 ei!r ! voltage or specific gravity ov] a p]iod ( #aj h\rs1 & gas is be+ giv5 (f freely f all ! plates4 ,also1 ! color ( ! positive plates %\ld be a d>k br[n or *ocolate & t ( ! negatives a light neutral gray4 ,! temp]ature ( ! electrolyte %\ld be closely wat*$ &1 if x approa*es #ajj ,f41 ! *>g+ rate mu/ be r$uc$ or ! *>ge /opp$ entirely until ! temp]ature /ops ris+4 ,f #de to #ee h\rs at ! normal rate w be requir$ to complete ! *>ge2 b if ! rate is less1 ! "t w be proportionately increas$4 ,! specific gravity w fall rapidly aft] ! electrolyte is add$ to ! cells1 & may cont9ue to fall = "s "t aft] *>g+ beg9s4 ,x w f9ally rise z ! *>ge progresses1 until x is aga9 up to #a4baj or possibly slightly high]4 ,! voltage = ea* cell at ! end ( *>ge w be betwe5 #b4e & #b4g volts1 & = ?is reason a fix$ or def9ite voltage %\ld n be aim$ =4 ,x is ( ! utmo/ importance t ?is *>ge be complete 9 e respect4 ,at ! end ( ! fir/ *>ge x is well to dis*>ge ! batt]y ab\t "o-half & !n imm$iately re*>ge x4 ,repeat ?is treatm5t two or ?ree times & ! batt]y w be 9 prop] work+ condition4 ,aft] ! completion ( a *>ge 7initial or ) ! batt]y 9 regul> s]vice7 & ! curr5t (f1 ! voltage w fall imm$iately to ab\t #b4bj volts p] cell1 & !n to #b volts :5 ! dis*>ge is />t$4 ,if ! dis*>ge is n begun at once1 !n ! pressure w fall q rapidly to ab\t #b4je volts p] cell1 & !re rema9 :ile ! batt]y is on op5 circuit4 ,batt]y 9 regul> s]vice4--,a batt]y mu/ n be repeat$ly ov]*>g$1 und]*>g$1 ov]dis*>g$ or all[$ to /& completely dis*>g$4 ,aft] ! initial *>ge is complet$1 ! batt]y is ready to be put into regul> s]vice4 ,a cell %\ld be select$ z a 8pilot cell02 t is1 "o t is 9 good condition & repres5tative ( ! g5]al condition ( ! batt]y4 ,! height ( ! electrolyte 9 ?is cell mu/ be kept con/ant by add+ a small quantity ( wat] ea* day4 ,?is cell is to be us$ p>ticul>ly 9 foll[+ ! *>ge & indicat+ :5 x %\ld be /opp$4 ,:5 ! batt]y is 9 regul> s]vice1 ! dis*>ge %\ld n be c>ri$ bel[ #a4ge volts p] cell at full load4 ,/&+ completely dis*>g$ w cause p]man5t injury2 !re=e ! batt]y %\ld be imm$iately re*>g$ aft] a heavy dis*>ge4 ,9 usual s]vice1 ) ! normal rate1 x is advisable to /op ! dis*>ge at #a4ij volts p] cell4 ,if ! dis*>ge rate is consid]ably less ?an normal1 ! voltage %\ld n be all[$ to fall z l[ z #a4ij volts p] cell1 = ! reason t ) a v l[ rate ( dis*>ge ! voltage w n beg9 to fall (f until ! limit ( capacity is almo/ rea*$4 ,! fall 9 specific gravity ( ! electrolyte also s]ves z an indication ( ! am\nt tak5 out & is 9 direct proportion to ! amp]e-h\r dis*>ge1 !reby diff]+ f ! drop 9 voltage1 :i* v>ies irregul>ly = diff]5t rates & degrees ( dis*>ge4 ,= ?is reason1 "u ord9>y conditions1 ! fall 9 specific gravity is to be pref]r$ 9 det]m9+ ! am\nt ( dis*>ge4 ,! actual am\nt ( v>iation 9 ! specific gravity ( ! electrolyte betwe5 a condition ( full *>ge & a complete dis*>ge is dep5d5t ^u ! quantity ( solution 9 ! conta9+ vessel comp>$ ) ! bulk ( ! plates4 ,:5 cells are equipp$ ) ! full numb] ( plates1 ! range w be ab\t #ce po9ts 7#j4jce sp4 gr472 = in/ance1 if ! maximum specific gravity rea*$ on ! prec$+ ov]*>ge is #a4bji1 ! extreme limit beyond :i* ! dis*>ge %\ld n be c>ri$ is ab\t #a4agd4 ,if ! cells h less ?an ! full numb] ( plates1 ?is range 9 specific gravity is proportionately r$uc$1 except 9 ! case ( ! 8pilot cell10 :i* %\ld be equipp$ ) a device = displac+ ! excess electrolyte4 ,! available capacity is tempor>ily r$uc$ at l[ temp]atures2 ) a return to normal temp]ature ! capacity is rega9$4 ,! batt]y %\ld pref]ably be *>g$ at ! normal rate4 ,x is important t x %\ld be suffici5tly *>g$1 b ! *>ge %\ld n be repeat$ly cont9u$ beyond t po9t4 ,bo? f ! /&po9t ( effici5cy & life ( ! plates ! be/ practice is ! me?od :i* embraces :at may be call$ a regul> *>ge1 to be giv5 :5 ! batt]y is f "o-half to two-?irds dis*>g$1 & an ov]*>ge to be giv5 weekly if x is necess>y to *>ge daily1 or once e two weeks if ! regul> *>ge is n giv5 s (t54 ,! regul> *>ge %\ld be cont9u$ until ! specific gravity ( ! pilot cells has ris5 to )9 five po9ts ( ! maximum1 z %[n on ! la/ previ\s ov]*>ge4 ,= example1 if on ! previ\s ov]*>ge ! maximum is #a4baj1 !n on ! foll[+ regul> *>ges ! curr5t %\ld be cut (f :5 ! specific gravity ( ! pilot cell rea*es #a4bje4 ,! pilot cell me?od ( not+ ! end ( *>ge %\ld n be us$ ) a batt]y unless all ! cells are approximately 9 ! same condition4 ,) an old batt]y ^: plates are n uni=m1 read+s %\ld be tak5 on ea* cell to det]m9e ! end ( *>ge4 ,! ov]*>ge %\ld be prolong$ until all ! cells gas freely & until no rise 9 ! specific gravity & voltage ( ! pilot cell is %[n = five successive #ae-m9ute read+s4 ,j be=e ! ov]*>ge ! cells %\ld be c>efully exam9$ to see t !y are free f %ort circuits4 ,if any %ort circuits are f\nd !y %\ld be remov$ ) a /ick or a piece ( h>d rubb]2 d n use metal4 ,z ! temp]ature affects ! specific gravity ?is mu/ be consid]$ & correction made = any *ange ( temp]ature4 ,! temp]ature correction is "o po9t 7#j4jja sp4 g47 = #c degrees *ange 9 temp]ature4 ,= in/ance1 electrolyte1 :i* is #a4baj at #gj1 w be #a4bac at #fa & #a4bjg at #gi4 ,inspection4--,9 ord] t ! batt]y may cont9ue 9 ! be/ condition x is ess5tial t specific gravity & voltage read+s be tak5 on all cells 9 ! batt]y at lea/ once a week2 ! specific gravity read+s on ! day be=e ! ov]*>ge & ! voltage read+ ne> ! end2 ! voltage read+s mu/ always be tak5 :5 ! curr5t is fl[+1 op5 circuit read+s be+ ( no value4 ,also1 at ! end ( ea* *>ge x %\ld be not$ t all ( ! cells are gass+ mod]ately & at ! end ( ! ov]*>ge v freely4 ,unev5ness ( cells2 cause & rem$y4--,if any ( ! cells %\ld read l[ at ei!r "t & d n gas freely ) ! o!rs at ! end ( *>ge1 exam9e !m c>efully = pieces ( scale or =eign matt] :i* may h lodg$ betwe5 ! plates4 ,if any are not$1 remove !m by pu%+ d[n into ! bottom ( ! j> ) a /rip ( wood4 ,nev] use metal ( any k9d = ?is purpose4 ,if1 aft] ! cause ( ! tr\ble has be5 remov$1 ! read+s d n come up at ! end ( ! ov]*>ge1 !n ! cell mu/ be cut out ( circuit on ! dis*>ge1 to be cut 9 aga9 j be=e beg9n+ ! next *>ge1 dur+ :i* x %\ld come up all "r4 ,impurities 9 ! electrolyte w cause a cell to "w irregul>ly & ! plates to det]iorate4 ,%\ld x be kn[n t any impurity has gott5 into ! electrolyte1 /eps %\ld be tak5 to remove x at once4 ,! solution %\ld be replac$ ) new imm$iately1 ?or\ghly flu%+ ! cell ) wat] be=e putt+ 9 ! new electrolyte4 ,! *ange %\ld be made :5 ! batt]y is dis*>g$1 = ! impurities w be 9 ! electrolyte :5 ! batt]y is dis*>g$4 ,imm$iately aft] ! *ange ! cell %\ld be *>g$4 ,if 9 d\bt z to :e!r ! electrolyte conta9s impurities1 a half-p9t sample1 tak5 at ! end ( dis*>ge1 %\ld be submitt$ = te/4 ,s$im5t4--,! accumulation ( s$im5t 9 ! bottom ( ! j>s mu/ be wat*$ & n all[$ "u any circum/ances to get up to ! plates2 if ?is occurs1 rapid det]ioration w result4 ,to remove ! s$im5t1 ! simple/ way1 if ! cells are small1 is to lift ! elem5ts out aft] ! batt]y has be5 fully *>g$1 draw (f ! electrolyte1 & !n dump ! s$im5t1 & clean ! j> ) wat]1 gett+ ! elem5ts back & cov]$ ) electrolyte aga9 z quickly z possible1 s t !re w be no *ance ( ! plates dry+ out4 ,electrolyte1 n wat]1 w be requir$ to complete ! fill+ ( ! cells1 ! specific gravity be+ adju/$ to /&>d 7#a4baj at ! end ( *>ge74 ,evaporation4--,d n all[ ! surface ( ! electrolyte to get d[n to ! top ( ! plates2 keep x at its prop] level 7"o-half in* to ?ree-f\r?s in* above ! top ( ! plates7 by ! addition ( pure wat]1 :i* %\ld be add$ at ! beg9n+ ( a *>ge1 pref]ably ! ov]*>ge4 ,x w n be necess>y to add electrolyte except at long int]vals or :5 clean+1 z not$ above4 ,electrolyte add$ to replace loss %\ld be ( specific gravity #a4baj4 ,batt]y us$ b occasionally4--,if ! batt]y is to be us$ at infrequ5t p]iods1 x %\ld be giv5 a 8fre%5+0 *>ge e two weeks4 ,putt+ ! batt]y out ( commission4--,if x is ?\ght be/ to put ! batt]y out ( commission = a "t1 !n x mu/ be treat$ z foll[s3 ,aft] ?or\ghly *>g+1 syphon (f ! electrolyte 7:i* may be us$ aga97 into conv5i5t receptacles1 pref]ably c>boys :i* h be5 previ\sly clean$ & h nev] be5 us$ = o!r k9ds ( acid1 & z ea* cell becomes empty imm$iately fill x ) fre%1 pure wat]4 ,:5 wat] is 9 all ! cells all[ !m to /& #ab to #ae h\rs1 !n draw (f ! wat]2 ! batt]y may !n /& )\t fur!r att5tion until x is aga9 to be put into s]vice2 !n proce$ z 9 ! case ( ! initial *>ge1 z describ$ above4 ,if = any reason any cell becomes dis*>g$ be=e ! o!rs1 x %\ld be cut out on dis*>ge & work$ up to normal be=e be+ us$4 ,%\ld ! batt]y sulphate1 *>ge & dis*>ge frequ5tly1 n us+ less ?an "o-half normal rate at any "t & increas+ to full rate z ! plates %[ signs ( recup]ation2 keep ! temp]ature ( ! cells bel[ #ajj ,f4 ,frequ5t ex]cise w cle> ! plates 9 a badly sulphat$ batt]y4 ,keep c>eful records ( all *>g+ voltages1 specific gravities1 & tr\bles ) ! cells4 ,! foll[+ is a recapitulation ( ! important po9ts 9 op]at+ a /orage batt]y3 ,,cond5s$ ,,in/ructions4 #a4 ,excessive *>g+ mu/ be avoid$4 ,a batt]y %\ld n be und]*>g$1 ov]dis*>g$1 or all[$ to /& completely dis*>g$4 #b4 ,keep ! electrolyte at ! prop] height above ! top ( ! plates4 #c4 ,! daily & weekly read+s %\ld be regul>ly & accurately tak5 & record$4 #d4 ,inspect ea* cell ( ! batt]y c>efully at regul> int]vals4 #e4 ,if any l[ cells develop d n delay 9 br++ !m back to condition4 #f4 ,d n all[ ! s$im5t to get up to ! plates4 #g4 ,d n all[ impurities1 ei!r solid or liquid1 to get into or rema9 9 ! cells4 #h4 ,h ! batt]y room well v5tilat$1 especially :ile *>g+4 #i4 ,nev] br+ an expos$ flame into ! batt]y room dur+ or %ortly aft] ! gass+ p]iod ( a *>ge4 #aj4 ,keep ! floor & o!r p>ts ( ! batt]y room clean & dry4 #aa4 ,keep ! iron1 copp]1 or o!r metal "w ab\t ! batt]y room free f corrosion4 #ab4 ,keep all connections clean & tight4 #ac4 ,po/ a copy ( ^! cond5s$ in/ructions 9 a conspicu\s place4 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #d4 ,,subm>9e ,,m9e ,,cable4 ,subm>9e m9e cable is %ipp$ on reels hav+ an out] %ea?+ = protection 9 transit1 ) at lea/ #ab feet ( bo? ends ( ! cable br\ght out & coil$ on ! head ( ! reel = te/ purposes4 ,if ! cable is n = imm$iate use1 x %\ld be mov$ to ! cable tank1 & by means ( ! ov]head trolley & cable tongs put 9 its position 9 ! tank1 ! two ends be+ prop]ly tagg$ & firmly fix$ s z to all[ x to be te/$4 ,9 arrang+ ! multiple cable 9 ! tanks t :i* is to be us$ fir/ %\ld be mo/ readily accessible4 ,! cable tank %\ld be provid$ ) a cov] to keep x clean1 z well z to less5 z mu* z possible v>iations ( temp]ature4 ,en\gh clean wat] to cov] by sev]al in*es ! out] %ea?+ ( ! cable reels %\ld be kept 9 ! tanks1 b 9 climates :]e ! wat] 9 ! cable tanks w\ld normally freeze to a dep? exce$+ #b feet1 ! wat] %\ld be let out ( ! tanks be=e ice beg9s to =m & n aga9 admitt$ until ! foll[+ spr+4 ,9 localities :]e ! tanks may become a bre$+ place = mosquitoes1 z a prev5tive measure1 salt wat] f ! ocean or bay %\ld1 :5 practicable1 be us$ = fill+ ! tanks1 or :]e x is necess>y to use fre% wat] suffici5t salt %\ld be add$ to produce a #c p] c5t solution4 ,no oil or k]os5e %\ld be us$ 9 ! tanks4 ,! me?ods ( record+ te/s & ( classify+ & transf]r+ subm>9e m9e cable are prescrib$ by ord]s f ! ,w> ,dep>tm5t4 ,! te/s ( subm>9e m9e cable at po/s w consi/ 9 det]m9+ ! insulation & conductor resi/ances4 ,! insulation surr\nd+ ! conductor ( a cable is suppos$ to be uni=m 9 reg>d to quality ( mat]ial1 d5sity1 & ?ickness4 ,! resi/ance :i* x (f]s to ! passage ( a curr5t ?r\gh x w !n v>y inv]sely ) its l5g?4 ,9 comp>ison ! insulation resi/ance ( #a mile ( cable is tak5 z ! /&>d4 ,?is insulation has a l>ge negative temp]ature coeffici5t2 t is1 an increase ( temp]ature l[]s its resi/ance4 ,x is cu/om>y to r$uce all insulation resi/ance to t at a /&>d temp]ature ( #fj ,f41 & = ?is purpose r$uction factors applicable to ! p>ticul> insulation comp\nd %\ld be furni%$ ) ! cable4 7,note3 ,x has be5 f\nd t = mo/ comp\nds1 if ! log>i?ms ( ! resi/ance are plott$ z ord9ates aga9/ ! temp]ature 9 degrees ,f4 z absciss1 ! result+ curve w be v ne>ly a /raight l9e47 ,! ord9>y me?ods ( measur+ resi/ance--t is1 by means ( a ,:eat/one bridge1 or by fall ( pot5tial1 or by voltmet]--c n be us$ 9 measur+ resi/ance z high z t ( ! insulation ( a subm>9e cable4 ,= ?is ! direct deflection me?od is employ$4 ,9 brief1 ?is consi/s ( ! foll[+ /eps3 ,fir/4 ,! deflection produc$ 9 a galvanomet] by a curr5t f a batt]y ?r\gh a kn[n resi/ance1 usually #ajj1jjj ohms1 is det]m9$1 :5ce is calculat$ ! resi/ance ?r\gh :i* ?is same batt]y w\ld produce a deflection ( "o po9t us+ ! unity %unt4 ,?is is express$ 9 megohms & is call$ ! galvanomet] 8con/ant0 "u ! conditions4 ,second4 ,! deflection produc$ by ! curr5t f ! same batt]y ?r\gh ! insulation ( ! cable is det]m9$1 :5ce1 f 8,fir/10 ! correspond+ numb] ( megohms is calculat$4 ,?ird4 ,?is multipli$ by ! l5g? ( ! cable 9 miles & correct$ = temp]ature gives ! requir$ insulation resi/ance p] mile4 ,?is te/+ c be made mo/ satisfactorily on dry days1 b a close adh]5ce to ! in/ructions h]e9 giv5 relative to ! prep>ation ( ! cable ends1 ! insulation ( ! cable lead & ( ! batt]y1 & ! dry+ out ( ! te/ room & in/rum5ts %\ld enable satisfactory "w to be done "u adv]se conditions ( wea!r or climate4 ,! foll[+ app>atus is requir$3 ,reflect+ galvanomet]1 univ]sal %unt1 special te/+ key1 #ajj1jjj-ohm resi/ance box1 batt]y ( dry cells giv+ approximately #ajj volts1 & /op wat*4 ,figure #af %[s diagrammatically ! arrangem5t ( ! app>atus = te/+ a reel ( cable4 ,z a rule ! in/rum5ts %\ld be s plac$ t "o p]son may manipulate ! key & ! %unt :ile at ! same "t obs]v+ ! galvanomet]4 ,! #ajj1jjj-ohm box1 z a protection to ! galvanomet] 9 te/+1 is always kept 9 ! circuit & its value %\ld be subtract$ f ! resi/ance det]m9$1 except 9 ! case ( high insulation resi/ance :5 x w n be necess>y to make ! subtraction4 ,! univ]sal %unt is always employ$ ) ! galvanomet] & is us$ bo? to v>y ! curr5t ?r\gh ! latt] & to protect x f a viol5t ?r[ at ! in/ant ( mak+ or break+ ! circuit at ! te/+ key4 ,?is la/ is accompli%$ by hav+ ! %unt on z]o at su* times4 ,! galvanomet] be+ a v s5sitive in/rum5t mu/ be solidly support$ s z to be free f j>s or vibrations4 ,! special te/+ key1 %[n diagrammatically 9 ! figure1 has its b9d+ po/s pla9ly m>k$4 ,x is a d\ble-?r[ key & has two positions ^u ea* side4 ,:5 completely clos$ to ! "r1 ! cable is *>g$ ?r\gh ! galvanomet] f ! positive pole2 :5 to ! left1 f ! negative pole ( ! batt]y4 ,9 ea* case ! deflection ( ! galvanomet] is 9 ! same direction4 ,:5 p>tly clos$ on ei!r side1 ! cable is dis*>g$ to e>? ?r\gh ! galvanomet]4 7,note3 ,x w be obs]v$ t ! connections are su* t ! galvanomet] is always connect$ to ! cable core & nev] to ! gr\nd4 ,) ?is connection1 s long z ! lead ,,px is free f leaks or gr\nds1 ! galvanomet] measures only ! curr5t actually pass+ ?r\gh ! core & n t leak+ ?r\gh any imp]fect insulation 9 ! batt]y & leads47 ,cable te/+ is a v simple op]ation1 b extreme c>e is necess>y 9 all op]ations4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #af4--;,,cable ,,te/+4 ,! foll[+ is a detail$ description3 ,i4 ,prep>+ ! cable = te/+4--#a4 ,closely exam9e ea* conductor end4 ,look p>ticul>ly = unusually h>d or brittle insulation & = torn1 p9*$1 or punctur$ insulation1 especially ne> ! ends ( ! armor wires4 ,if any ( ! ends are n 9 p]fect condition1 cut (f en\gh cable to secure good ends4 7,caution4--,d n cut (f m ?an en\gh to secure good ends1 = aft] ?ree or f\r te/s x may be necess>y to unreel ! :ole cable to secure en\gh ( ! inn] end above wat]47 #b4 ,v]ify ! tagg+4 ,rememb] t ! 8%ore end0 is ! end f ! out] coils on ! reel & is numb]$ clockwise4 ,! o!r end is numb]$ contraclockwise4 #c4 ,! 8gr\nd0 %\ld be made by tak+ sev]al turns ( b>e copp] wire ar\nd ! armor ( ! cable to be te/$ & sold]+ !m 9 position4 ,"o su* gr\nd 9 ea* tank is suffici5t4 ,:5ev] 8gr\nd0 or 8e>?0 is subsequ5tly spok5 (1 ?is gr\nd 9 ! tank is meant1 & n a connection to gr\nd at "s po9t outside ! tank4 #d4 ,! leads ,,px & ,,by 7fig4 #af7 %\ld be ( load+ or o!r heavily insulat$ wire4 ,!y mu/ be c>efully insulat$ f ea* o!r1 f ! gr\nd1 & f ! walls or o!r p>ts ( build+s4 ,?is is especially true ( ! cable lead ,,px4 ,9 damp wea!r porcela9-knob insulators & porcela9 tubes 7! latt] = use 9 pass+ ?r\gh walls or p>titions7 may n be suffici5t to af=d prop] insulation = ! cable lead4 ,9 su* case ! latt] %\ld be susp5d$ 9 ! air f ! te/+ swit* to ! cable tank by means ( sev]al *a9s ( p>aff9$ porcela9 insulators susp5d$ by m>l9e or protective tape :i* has be5 boil$ 9 p>aff94 ,^! susp5sions %\ld be 9 ea* case "u cov] & %\ld be kept z dry z possible4 ,! l5g? ( ! leads is immat]ial4 ,if load+ wire is us$1 ! di/ance betwe5 supports %\ld be %ort 7n ov] #ej feet71 z ?is wire /ret*es consid]ably f its own weight1 pull+ out ! insulation & giv+ a v ?9 wall1 p>ticul>ly at po9ts ( support4 ,extreme c>e %\ld be tak5 to tight5 up on ! knob insulators1 9 case !y are us$1 j en\gh to hold ! wire )\t p9*+ ! insulation4 #e4 ,us+ a d\ble connector1 jo9 ! lead ,,by to ! gr\nd wire on ! cable above ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,put a connector on ! end ( ! o!r lead s t x c be readily atta*$ 9 turn to ea* conductor4 #f4 ,any protective cov]+1 su* z armor1 jute1 etc41 %\ld be remov$ f ! ends ( ! conductors = a di/ance ( ab\t #ab in*es1 ?us lay+ ! insulation coat+ b>e4 ,?is latt] %\ld n be h&l$ & mu/ be kept scrupul\sly clean4 ,) a clean dry knife prep>e ea* conductor ( ! cable to be te/$ by cutt+ (f ab\t #a in* ( ! insulation f ea* end ( ! wire & !n tap]+ ! end ( ! insulation = ab\t #a in*1 leav+ a p]fectly clean surface4 ,9 damp wea!r dip ea* end ( ea* conductor into melt$ p>aff9 7n boil+1 b heat$ above #bab ,f474 ,secure "o end ( ! cable s t x is well sep>at$ f ! surr\nd+ objects & sep>ate ! conductors s t no ends are t\*+4 #g4 ,take "o /r& ( a load+ wire ab\t #d feet long & wrap x two or ?ree times ar\nd ! project+ copp] end ( ea* conductor at ! o!r end ( ! cable1 !n connect x to e>?4 ,see t ! conductors at ?is end are dry4 ,leave ! lead ,,px disconnect$ & susp5d$ 9 ! air4 ,,ii4 ,sett+ up ! te/+ app>atus4--#a4 ,select a light1 dry room z ne> ! cable tank z practicable4 #b4 ,use dry cells = ! batt]y4 ,! voltage ( ! batt]y %\ld be su* z to give a full scale deflection ( ! galvanomet] ?r\gh ! resi/ance employ$ = tak+ ! con/ant 7) %unt at _/74 ,l>ge galvanomet] ?r[s are ess5tial = reliable results4 ,set up ! cells on %elves 9 a small clos$ closet or box1 ) n>r[ /rips ( wood or heavy c>dbo>d laid betwe5 ea* r[ ( cells1 l5g?wise & crosswise4 ,! height ( ea* /rip %\ld be ab\t half ! height ( a cell1 s t ! two lay]s ( /rips w come ne>ly to ! tops ( ! cells & keep !m well sep>at$4 ,wire ! cells 9 s]ies & br+ ! t]m9als out to a d\ble-pole s+le-?r[ swit*1 :i* %\ld be on a heavy porcela9 or slate base & rat$ = at lea/ #bej volts4 7,x may be f\nd desirable to in/all "s electric lamps 9 ! closet to keep ! batt]y dry47 ,if difficulty is exp]i5c$ 9 elim9at+ gr\nds f ! batt]y set up 9 ?is mann]1 ! batt]y box %\ld be susp5d$ 9 air by means ( *a9s ( p>aff9$ cleats4 #c4 ,set up ! galvanomet] on a pi] or on a w9d[ sill if ! build+ is ( masonry4 ,x %\ld be insulat$ by plac+ its feet on a slate or ebonite slab1 or 9 glass insulators4 ,remove ! cov]4 ,adju/ ! level until ! susp5d$ coil hangs freely4 ,maneuv] ! susp5d$ coil1 by means ( ! knob at ! top ( ! tube1 until its face is p>allel ) ! face ( ! in/rum5t4 ,!n adju/ ! level until ! upp] susp5sion hangs 9 ! c5t] ( ! support+ tube1 & ! air gap betwe5 ! coil & armature is symmetrical4 ,replace ! cov]4 ,put on ! scale & ! telescope4 ,turn ! mirror s t x reflects ! #j ( ! scale approximately1 gett+ exact adju/m5t by mov+ ! scale4 ,be c>eful 7p>ticul>ly 9 dry wea!r7 n to t\* ! glass ( ! cov] or to d any?+ :i* w produce a /atic *>ge on ! glass4 ,! galvanomet] scales are usually graduat$ 9 equal divisions correspond+ to #a millimet] on ! circumf]5ce ( a circle ^: radius is #a met]4 ,ea* t5? division is usually m>k$ ) a numb]4 ,?is numb] is sometimes #a in/ead ( #aj1 #b in/ead ( #bj1 & s on4 ,! numb] ( divisions to read & record is ! numb] ( smalle/ 7millimet]7 divisions4 ,d n try to read clos] ?an ( "o division4 ,! l>g] ! ?r[ ! less ! p]sonal error4 ,no accurate conclusion c be drawn f a v small ?r[4 #d4 ,place a table or l[ %elf conv5i5tly to "o side & place ! %unt1 ! te/+ key1 ! megohm box1 & a voltmet] on x4 ,! app>atus %\ld be insulat$ by an ebonite or slate slab1 or glass insulators4 ,fa/5 ! %unt & ! key securely to ! table or ! %elf4 7,! use ( p>aff9 pap] = insulat+ in/rum5ts is a make%ift at be/4 ,x soon gets soil$ & creas$1 !n x has to be replac$47 ,! use ( lamps to keep ! app>atus dry may be desirable1 or x may be f\nd conv5i5t to expose ! app>atus to ! sun = a few m9utes be=e beg9n+ ! te/ on any day4 ,! use 9 ! te/+ room ( a small /ove or ( a gasol9e tor* = two or ?ree h\rs be=e ! beg9n+ ( ! te/+ w ord9>ily prove v advantage\s4 #e4 ,wire up z 9 figure #af1 except t ! leads f ! te/+ key %\ld be c>ri$ to ! batt]y ?r\gh ! d\ble-pole s+le-?r[ swit* above ref]r$ to4 7,! batt]y swit* %\ld be op5$ :5ev] any connections are made or alt]$47 ,all leads us$ 9 connect+ up ! in/rum5ts %\ld be ( heavy copp]1 & /iff en\gh to hold p]man5tly any %ape to :i* !y are b5t4 ,!y %\ld be support$ at po9ts ( connection only1 & %\ld n lie on ! table or )9 an in* ( ea* o!r4 ,,iii4 ,te/+ ! insulation ( ! app>atus4--#a4 ,voltmet] te/ ( batt]y insulation4--,?is is a r\gh te/1 b %\ld be includ$4 ,a s]i\s gr\nd c be mu* m quickly locat$ ) a voltmet] ?an ) ! galvanomet]4 7a7 ,disconnect ! batt]y leads at ! batt]y swit*2 connect lead ( batt]y to po/ ( ! voltmet]2 connect ! ,b end ( ! lead ,,by to - po/ ( ! voltmet]2 - lead ( ! batt]y %\ld be 9 ! air4 ,close ! voltmet] swit* & read4 7b7 ,disconnect ! voltmet]4 ,connect - lead ( ! batt]y to - po/ ( ! voltmet]4 ,connect ! ,b end ( ! lead ,,by to po/ ( ! voltmet]2 lead ( ! batt]y %\ld be 9 ! air4 ,close ! voltmet] swit* & read4 ,if any deflection is obta9$ 9 ei!r case1 ! batt]y or its connections are gr\nd$4 ,locate & remove ! gr\nd4 7,see ,fo/] or "s o!r practical h&book47 #b4 ,te/+ ! batt]y voltage4--,connect ! voltmet] across ! batt]y t]m9als4 ,read & record ! voltage4 7,if !re is no voltmet] available :i* w read z high z ! batt]y voltage1 take ! voltage ( ! batt]y 9 sections & add1 or make a multipli] ( "o ( ! resi/ance coils 9 ! megohm box47 #c4 ,te/+ ! batt]y & ! app>atus = gr\nds ) ! galvanomet]4--,) a camel's-hair bru% g ov] all ! in/rum5ts & c>efully remove du/4 ,see t ! in/rum5ts & connections are dry4 ,d n bl[ on ! in/rum5ts4 ,op5 ! batt]y swit*4 ,connect ! batt]y leads to ! batt]y swit*4 ,disconnect lead ,,px at ,p & connect ! e>? leads ,,by & ,,ey to ! key at 8cable po/40 7,y is gr\nd$47 ,bo? batt]y leads are left connect$ to ! key4 ,! %unt %\ld be on #j4 ,close ! batt]y swit*4 ,close ! te/+ key to ! "r4 ,turn ! %unt gradually to ! unity po/4 ,! galvanomet] deflection %\ld be z]o4 ,turn ! %unt to #j4 ,rev]se ! te/+ key4 ,turn ! %unt to ! unity po/4 ,! deflection %\ld be z]o4 ,if any deflection is obta9$1 !re is a gr\nd 9 ! batt]y1 ! app>atus1 or ! connections4 ,! te/ ( ! cable %\ld n proce$ if a deflection is obta9$ 9 ei!r position ( ! key4 ,9 report+ ! voltage to e>? & - to e>? z 8z]o0 on =m1 x w be und]/ood t ?is means z]o us+ ! galvanomet]1 z h]e9 describ$4 #d4 ,insulation ( leads4--,turn ! %unt to #j4 ,op5 ! batt]y swit*4 ,connect ! e>? leads ,,by & ,,ey to _! prop] po/s4 ,connect ! cable lead1 ,,px1 to 8cable0 po/4 ,see t ! cable tank ends ( ! lead ,,px is disconnect$ at ,x & susp5d$ 9 ! air4 ,close ! batt]y swit*4 ,close ! key & turn ! %unt to ! unity po/4 ,deflections %\ld be z small z possible & 9 any case mu/ be /eady & uni=m = sev]al trials4 ,turn ! %unt to #j4 ,rev]se ! key1 /opp+ at ! dis*>ge position4 ,turn ! %unt to ! unity po/ & wait until ! galvanomet] re/s at #j1 indicat+ t ! leads are dis*>g$4 ,turn ! %unt to #j4 ,close ! key all ! way d[n4 ,turn ! %unt to ! unity po/4 ,! deflection %\ld n diff] mat]ially f t not$ above4 ,if !re is a deflection1 ! tr\ble is 9 ! lead ,,px or its connections4 ,g ov] ^!1 c>efully exam9+ = du/ & moi/ure & not+ p>ticul>ly ! proximity ( all wires ( opposite pot5tial :i* cross or lie ne> ea* o!r4 ,if !re is a small deflection :i* c n be remov$1 a correction mu/ be appli$ subsequ5tly to ! deflection obta9$ 9 ! te/ = ! insulation resi/ance ( ! conductor4 ,us+ prop] c>e1 !re are v few days :5 p]fect insulation ( ! in/rum5ts c n be secur$4 ,! lead leakage ) well-insulat$ wire put up prop]ly w be notic$ r>ely4 #e4 ,use ( ,price gu>d-wire4--,z an additional precaution aga9/ surface leakage across ! insulation at ! ends ( ! conductor x w sometimes be advisable to in/all an additional lead 7n necess>ily z c>efully insulat$ z ,,px7 runn+ f ! te/+ swit* to ! cable "u te/4 ,?is lead %\ld be connect$ 9 at ! te/+ swit* to ! po/ c>ry+ ! l[] blade betwe5 8,d0 & 8,c0 7fig4 #af72 ! tank end %\ld be b>e ( insulation = a suffici5t di/ance to enable ! b>e wire to be wrapp$ firmly1 )\t p9*+1 ar\nd ! insulation at ea* end ( ! p>ticul> conductor "u te/1 j bel[ ! tap]$ portion4 ,! pot5tial diff]5ce betwe5 ! cable core & ?is gu>d-wire is ?us made practically nil1 s t any leakage w be f ! gu>d-wire to ! tank1 consequ5tly ?is leakage w n be measur$ by ! galvanomet]4 ,,iv4 ,take ! galvanomet] con/ant z foll[s3 ,op5 ! batt]y swit*4 ,) a %ort piece ( wire connect ! h+e po/ ( ! te/+ key m>k$ 8cable0 to ei!r 8e>?0 po/ ( ! key1 ! leads to ! cable tank be+ disconnect$ at ,e1 ,b1 & ,p4 ,turn ! %unt to #j4 ,exam9e ! megohm box & see t all ! resi/ance coils are 9 ! circuit4 ,close ! batt]y swit* & ! te/+ key4 ,turn ! %unt to ! _/ po/4 ,wat* ! sw+ ( ! galvanomet] & :5 x has come to re/1 read & record4 ,turn ! %unt to #j4 ,! galvanomet] %\ld return exactly to #j4 ,if x does n1 readju/ & repeat until x does4 ,! galvanomet] con/ant is num]ically equal to ! total ?r[ 9 smalle/ divisions ( ! scale multipli$ by #ajj4 ,remove ! connect+ wire & replace ! leads to ! tank4 ,if at any subsequ5t "t dur+ ! te/ ! galvanomet] adju/m5t is di/urb$--t is1 if x does n return accurately to z]o :5 ! %unt is at #j--! con/ant %\ld be r$et]m9$4 ,te/+ ! cable4--#a4 ,see t ! te/+ key is op5 & ! %unt at #j4 ,connect ! e>? lead to gr\nd on ! cable armor4 ,remove ! e>? connection f ,no4 #a conductor & connect ! cable lead to ?is conductor2 9 wet wea!r ! connector jo9t %\ld be dipp$ 9 melt$ p>aff94 7,9 us+ p>aff9 to insulate jo9ts or ends br+ x j above #bab ,f4 to evaporate any moi/ure pres5t4 ,x %\ld n be boil+4 ,! p>aff9 coat+ %\ld be at lea/ z ?ick z ! rubb] insulation & ext5d back ov] ! rubb] = an in* or m47 #b4 ,close ! te/+ key to ! left 7 to e>?71 /opp+ at ! dis*>ge position1 & turn ! %unt to ! unity po/4 ,!re %\ld be no deflection4 ,if !re is1 x is due ei!r to a *>ge on ! cable1 :i* w disappe> aft] a mom5t1 or to e>? curr5ts4 7,x is assum$ t ! te/+ app>atus has be5 ?or\ghly te/$ = insulation47 ,if due to e>? curr5ts1 ! conductor is probably a poor "o4 ,e>? curr5ts are readily recognizable by _! fluctuat+ "*4 ,be=e assum+ t ! tr\ble c n be remov$1 ! jo9t betwe5 ! lead & ! conductor %\ld be exam9$ aga94 ,moi/ure on ! cable end w give a pa? = e>? curr5ts4 ,note ! value & direction ( ! ?r[ ( ! galvanomet] & record x4 #c4 ,turn ! %unt to #j1 close ! te/+ key all ! way d[n 7 to e>?71 not+ ! "t to ! second1 or />t+ ! /op wat* at ! same "t1 if "o is available4 ,! "t mu/ be accurately not$4 ,! insulation resi/ance at ! end ( "o m9ute's electrification is ! resi/ance to be report$4 #d4 ,:5 #ce seconds h elaps$1 turn ! %unt to ! _/-po/ & wat* ! galvanomet] ?r[2 if small1 move ! %unt successively to ! _/-po/1 to ! _/-po/1 & to ! unity po/4 ,?is op]ation mu/ be complet$ be=e #de seconds h elaps$ f ! "t ! key 0 clos$4 ,) good cable ! unity po/ w always be rea*$ )\t dang] ( ?r[+ ! galvanomet] read+ (f ! scale4 ,rememb] t ea* successive po/ %\ld give #aj times ! ?r[ ( ! prec$+ po/4 #e4 ,at ! end ( "o m9ute read ! deflection1 correct = ! leakage ( ! leads & ! e>? curr5ts1 & record4 7,see example foll[+47 #f4 ,at ! end ( two m9utes read ! deflection1 correct & record x4 ,= good cable x %\ld be less ?an ! deflection obs]v$ at ! end ( "o m9ute4 #g4 ,turn ! %unt to #j1 & rev]se ! key1 /opp+ at ! dis*>ge position4 ,turn ! %unt on gradually until ! unity po/ is rea*$ & wait until ! read+ is #j1 indicat+ t ! conductor is dis*>g$4 ,if e>? curr5ts are pres5t1 #j w n be rea*$ or w be pass$4 ,9 ?is case proce$ z be=e describ$4 ,a subm>9e m9e cable conductor a mile long w dis*>ge ord9>ily 9 ab\t ?ree m9utes4 #h4 ,turn ! %unt to #j1 /op & />t ! /op wat*2 at ! same "t close ! key all ! way d[n 7- to e>?74 #i4 ,aft] #ce seconds1 />t turn+ ! %unt1 ceas+ at #de seconds4 7,see p>agraph #d1 above47 #aj4 ,at ! end ( "o m9ute read ! deflection1 correct & record x4 ,= good cable x %\ld be sub/antially ! same z ! deflection obs]v$ at ! end ( "o m9ute ) ( ! batt]y to e>?4 #aa4 ,turn ! %unt to #j1 & rev]se ! key1 /opp+ at ! dis*>ge position4 #ab4 ,disconnect ,no4 #b conductor f gr\nd4 ,disconnect ,no4 #a f ! lead & connect up ,no4 #b4 ,connect ,no4 #a to gr\nd4 ,x is n necess>y to wait = ,no4 #a to be dis*>g$ completely be=e disconnect+ x4 #ac4 ,proce$ ) ,no4 #b z ) ,no4 #a & repeat ) ea* conductor4 #ad4 ,on ! completion ( ! te/ all conductor ends %\ld be c>efully tap$4 #ae4 ,to det]m9e ! correct value ( ! insulation resi/ance x is ess5tial t ! negative pole ( ! batt]y be connect$ to ! core ( ! cable1 o!rwise ! products ( electrolysis w t5d to seal up any fault :i* may exi/ & w cause ! conductor to appe> bett] ?an x really is4 ,) ! negative pole ( ! batt]y to ! core ! t5d5cy is to deposit copp] on ! core & ?us to lay b>e any fault4 ,! insulation resi/ance ( any conductor is !re=e f\nd by multiply+ ! correct$ deflection at ! end ( "o m9ute1 ) ( batt]y to e>?1 by ! d5om9ator ( ! %unt us$1 & !n divid+ ! galvanomet] con/ant by ?is product4 ,! resi/ance ( ! _/-megohm box is neglect$ unless ! insulation resi/ance det]m9$ is v l[1 say1 "u #a megohm1 :5 ! #ajj1jjj ohms %\ld be subtract$ f ! above quoti5t4 #af4 ,to det]m9e ! insulation resi/ance p] mile at #fj ,f41 multiply ! actual insulation resi/ance f\nd by ! l5g? ( ! cable 9 miles1 & ?is result by ! multipli] furni%$ by ! torp$o depot = ! p>ticul> make ( cable1 correspond+ to ! temp]ature ( ! wat] 9 ! tank obs]v$ dur+ te/4 ,example4--,leakage ( ! leads f\nd to be "o-half division4 ,e>? curr5ts f\nd to give #a divisions 9 a negative direction f #j ( ! scale4 ,galvanomet] ?r[ at ! end ( "o m9ute 7 to e>?71 #ae divisions4 ,! correct$ deflection is1 #ae - #a #af divisions4 ,! galvanomet] con/ant 7#dej divisions ?r\gh _/ megohm1 %unt at _/71 #de1jjj megohms4 ,t is1 ! batt]y w give _/ ( #dej divisions #de ?r\gh #a megohm1 ! %unt at _/2 or1 :at is ! same ?+1 "o division ?r\gh #de megohms1 ! %unt at _/2 !re=e ) ! %unt at unity ! batt]y w give "o division ?r\gh #de #a1jjj #de1jjj megohms4 ,! insulation resi/ances #de1jjj #af #b1hac megohms4 ,if ! cable is ?ree-f\r?s mile long1 ! insulation resi/ance 9 megohms p] mile is #b1hac #b1aaj megohms4 ,manufactur]1 ,safety ,insulat$ ,wire ,cable ,co4 ,temp]ature ( wat] 9 tank1 #hj ,f4 ,multipli]1 #a4gjef2 #b1aaj #a4gjef #c1eii megohms insulation resi/ance p] mile at #fj ,f4 ,?is result is record$ on ! =m4 ,,vi4 ,copp] resi/ance4--#a4 ,! drop ( pot5tial me?od is quick] ?an ! bridge me?od "u ! usual conditions & %\ld be us$ if ! app>atus is available4 ,app>atus requir$4--7a7 ,s\rce ( p[] 7#aaj volts ,d4 ,c4 light+ circuit1 casemate batt]y or g5]ator72 7b7 a d\ble-pole s+le-?r[ swit* to :i* ! p[] leads are atta*$2 7c7 a bank ( t5 #aaj-volt lamps 9 p>allel2 7d7 a ,d4 ,c4 ammet] ( n m ?an #j-be scale2 7e7 a ,d4 ,c4 voltmet]1 #j-aej scale4 ,place ! lamp bank & ! ammet] 9 "o side ( ! p[] l9e f ! swit* to ! conductor1 & ! o!r end ( ! conductor to ! o!r side ( ! p[] l9e4 ,connect ! voltmet] across ! ends ( ! cable s z to measure ! drop ( pot5tial betwe5 ! ends ( ! conductor be+ te/$4 ,close ! swit*1 take simultane\s read+s on ! voltmet] & ! ammet] & calculate ! resi/ance4 ,) ! app>atus describ$ a conductor #a mile long w receive ab\t #b amp]es & %[ a drop ( ab\t #ej volts4 ,! lamps are ins]t$ z a safety precaution4 ,9 no case %\ld ! curr5t ?r\gh ! conductor exce$ #f amp]es4 ,if ! cable has be5 te/$ = insulation resi/ance & all ! conductors %[ high insulation1 ! lamps are n necess>y1 provid$ ! cable is at lea/ a mile long4 #b4 ,! copp] resi/ance f\nd is r$uc$ to t at #fj ,f4 by multiply+ by ! coeffici5t f\nd 9 ! foll[+ table ) ! temp]ature ( ! wat] 9 ! tank at ! "t ( ! te/ z an argum5t3 ,r$uction ( copp] resi/ance to #fj ,f4 ---------------------------------------- ---- ,temp]ature4 ,temp]ature4 ---------------------------------------- ---- ,f4 ,f4 #aj #a4abeb #ee #a4jaac #aa #a4abbd #ef #a4jjij #ab #a4aaif #eg #a4jjfh #ac #a4aafh #eh #a4jjde #ad #a4aada #ei #a4jjbc #ae #a4aaac #fj #a4jjjj #af #a4ajhf #fa 4#iigh #ag #a4ajei #fb 4#iief #ah #a4ajcb #fc 4#iicc #ai #a4ajje #fd 4#iiaa #bj #a4jigh #fe 4#ihhi #ba #a4jieb #ff 4#ihfg #bb #a4jibe #fg 4#ihdf #bc #a4jhii #fh 4#ihbd #bd #a4jhgc #fi 4#ihjb #be #a4jhdf #gj 4#igha #bf #a4jhbj #ga 4#igei #bg #a4jgid #gb 4#igch #bh #a4jgfi #gc 4#igag #bi #a4jgdc #gd 4#ifie #cj #a4jgag #ge 4#ifgd #ca #a4jfib #gf 4#ifec #cb #a4jffg #gg 4#ifcb #cc #a4jfda #gh 4#ifaa #cd #a4jfaf #gi 4#ieia #ce #a4jeia #hj 4#iegj #cf #a4jeff #ha 4#iedi #cg #a4jedb #hb 4#iebi #ch #a4jeag #hc 4#iejh #ci #a4jdib #hd 4#idhh #dj #a4jdfh #he 4#idfh #da #a4jddc #hf 4#iddh #db #a4jdai #hg 4#idbh #dc #a4jcie #hh 4#idjh #dd #a4jcga #hi 4#ichh #de #a4jcdg #ij 4#icfh #df #a4jcbc #ia 4#icdh #dg #a4jcjj #ib 4#icbh #dh #a4jbgf #ic 4#icjh #di #a4jbeb #id 4#ibhh #ej #a4jbbi #ie 4#ibfi #ea #a4jbjf #if 4#ibej #eb #a4jahb #ig 4#ibca #ec #a4jaei #ih 4#ibaa #ed #a4jacf #ii 4#iaib ---------------------------------------- ---- ,! true l5g? ( a cable %\ld be t ( its c5t] conductor4 ,f ! size ( ! conductor & its copp] resi/ance ! l5g? ( ! cable may be comput$ by use ( ! foll[+ wire table3 ,table ( resi/ances ( pure copp] wire at #fj ,f4 ------------------------------- ,size ,dia4 9 ,ohms p] ,b4 ,s4 mils4 #a1jjj feet4 ------------------------------- #a #bhi #j4aaiii #b #beh 4#aeacj #c #bbi 4#aijhj #d #bjd 4#bdjeh #e #ahb 4#cjcch #f #afb 4#chbef #g #add 4#dhbde #h #abh 4#fjhca #i #aad 4#gffif #aj #ajb 4#ifgdj #aa #ia #a4baifj #ab #ha #a4ecgi #ac #gb #a4icic #ad #fd #b4ddec #ae #eg #c4jacd #af #ea #c4hhhj #ag #de #d4ijcj #ah #dj #f4ahbg #ai #cf #g4hjbd #bj #cb #i4hcaf #ba #bh4e #ab4cig #bb #be4c #ae4fbe #bc #bb4f #ai4gab #bd #bj4a #bd4heg #be #ag4i #ca4cdc #bf #ae4i #ci4ece #bg #ad4b #di4hci #bh #ab4f #fb4hdh #bi #aa4c #gi4bej #cj #aj4j #ii4icb ------------------------------- ,! objections to ! use ( a bridge = measur+ copp] resi/ance are ! difficulty ( elim9at+ ! resi/ance ( ! plug contacts & ! "t requir$ to secure balance4 ,! resi/ance ( ! plug contacts may (t5 be z high z #bj ohms1 p>ticul>ly if us$ at ! tank4 ,if ! bridge is us$ at all1 x %\ld be plac$ 9 ! te/+ room1 & ! same leads employ$ = te/+ insulation %\ld be us$4 ,! resi/ance ( ^! leads %\ld fir/ be det]m9$ by connect+ !m toge!r & measur+2 ?is resi/ance is subtract$ f ea* resi/ance measur$4 ,,vii4 ,g5]al4--,! key to success 9 cable te/+ is great c>e 9 e detail4 ,! cable n[ be+ furni%$ is all te/$ ) galvanomet]s hav+ con/ants f #bjj1jjj to #bej1jjj megohms4 ,x has all be5 accept$ aft] mo/ c>eful te/4 ,! *ances are t x is good :5 x arrives at ! po/1 unless x has be5 me*anically injur$ 9 transit1 :i* %\ld be asc]ta9$ by c>eful inspection :5 deliv]$ at ! po/4 ,d n accept a s+le measurem5t if x %[s l[ resi/ance1 b repeat until c]ta9 ( results4 ,! "t betwe5 trials on ! same conductor %\ld be z great z practicable4 ,= example3 ,measurem5ts %[+ l[ resi/ance made 9 ! morn+ %\ld be repeat$ 9 ! aft]noon2 ^? made 9 ! aft]noon %\ld be repeat$ ! next day2 ! conductor be+ connect$ to e>? dur+ ! int]val betwe5 te/s4 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #e4 ,,c>e ,,& ,,pres]vation ,,( ,,subm>9e ,,m9e ,,mat,,riel4 ,frequ5t inspections ( all articles ( subm>9e m9e equipm5t %\ld be made1 n only to *eck up ! prop]ty1 b also to det]m9e ! condition ( all matriel1 & especially to see if x has be5 affect$ by dampness4 ,^! inspections %\ld be ?or\gh & detail$1 z only 9 ?is mann] c !re be impress$ on ^? directly *>g$ ) ! c>e ( ! prop]ty ! importance ( v5tilation1 dryness1 & ! prop] use ( pres]vatives4 ,! g5]at+ set1 /orage batt]y1 motor-g5]ators1 casemate trans=m]s1 p[] panel1 & op]at+ bo>ds w be in/all$ 9 ! m9+ casemate1 & su* tools1 appliances1 & mat]ials z may be us$ :5 ?is app>atus is 9 commission w also be kept !re4 ,! explosive w be kept 9 ! magaz9es & te/$ & c>$ = 9 ! mann] prescrib$ 9 ,app5dix ,no4 #a4 ,! multiple & s+le conductor cable w be kept 9 ! cable tanks z describ$ 9 ,app5dix ,no4 #d4 ,all o!r articles ( equipm5t w ord9>ily be kept 9 ! /oreh\se1 & a noncommission$ (fic] w be plac$ directly 9 *>ge4 ,x %all be 8 duty to keep ! matriel 9 ! be/ possible condition1 us+ su* details f ! subm>9e m9e deta*m5t f "t to "t z may be necess>y to assi/ him 9 ?is "w4 ,he %all *eck up all articles tak5 f ! /oreh\se dur+ practice & report at ! end ( ! day's "w any %ortage 9 tools or appliances t he may discov]4 ,pa9ts & oils %\ld be kept sep>ate f o!r /ores1 & ! floor :]e kept %\ld be cov]$ ) #b or #c in*es ( s&1 to be r5ew$ occasionally4 ,sawdu/ %\ld nev] be us$ = ?is purpose4 ,cotton wa/e :i* has become unfit = use %\ld be promptly burn$4 ,fuses mu/ n be /or$ ) o!r explosives4 ,gasol9e 9 consid]able quantities %\ld be /or$ 9 tanks und]gr\nd & nev] inside ( build+s4 ,small quantities %\ld be kept outside ( build+s 9 "s safe place4 ,:5 oil eng9es or g5]ators are out ( commission1 _! bright p>ts %\ld be cov]$ ) light slu%+ oil4 ,brass screw ?reads & p>ts ( tools t are liable to ru/ %\ld be cov]$ also4 ,9 all cases ! light slu%+ oil %\ld be appli$ 9 a ?9 coat1 s9ce ?is is all t is necess>y to give good protection4 ,be=e apply+ ! light slu%+ oil to any surface x %\ld be ?or\ghly clean$1 s z to be free f ru/1 wat]1 k]os5e & lubricat+ oil1 z _! pres5ce w cause ru/+ und]nea? ! slu%+ oil4 ,! protect$ surfaces %\ld be occasionally inspect$ & ! coat+ ( slu%+ oil r5ew$ z (t5 z requir$4 ,screw ?reads ( m9e cases1 /eel screw ?reads ( comp\nd plugs1 bolts1 nuts & wa%]s1 & surfaces ( flat jo9ts %\ld be kept coat$ ) ! light slu%+ oil or a mixture ( ma*9e oil & graphite4 ,no oils or grease %\ld ev] be plac$ on po9ts :]e metallic contact ( electrical in/rum5ts is necess>y1 nor on india rubb]1 ebonite1 or slate4 ,m9e cases %\ld re/ on racks or skids1 & :]e space p]mits %\ld n be 9 contact ) ea* o!r4 ,9 h&l+ m9e cases c>e mu/ be tak5 n to damage ! bails & bolts4 ,!y %\ld be arrang$ s t ! holes 9 ! m9e cases c be se5 easily2 ^! holes %\ld be fitt$ ) a wood5 plug :i* has be5 ?or\ghly greas$ all ov] its surface4 ,new m9e cases1 if galvaniz$1 usually w n ne$ pa9t+ until !y h be5 9 ! wat]4 ,:5 tak5 f ! wat] !y %\ld be ?or\ghly dri$1 & if !y %\ld %[ signs ( ru/ !y %\ld be gone ov] ?or\ghly ) /eel wire bru%es until ! ru/ is remov$4 ,p>ts :i* c n be rea*$ ) ! bru% %\ld be clean$ ) ?ree-corn]$ /eel scrap]s4 ,a heavy coat ( r$ lead %\ld !n be appli$4 ,sev5 gallons ( ?is pa9t c be made by mix+ #ajj p\nds ( r$ lead gr\nd 9 oil ) #e gallons ( raw l9se$ oil4 ,?is mixture %\ld be appli$ )9 two or ?ree weeks aft] mix+4 ,"o gallon ( pa9t %\ld give #aj m9e cases "o coat4 ,aft] ?is coat has be5 all[$ to dry !re %\ld be appli$ a coat ( :ite lead ton$ d[n to a neutral gray4 ,sev5 gallons ( ?is pa9t c be made by mix+ #ajj p\nds :ite lead1 #b gallons raw l9se$ oil1 #b gallons turp5t9e1 #a gallon liquid dri]1 & add+ ab\t #a p\nd ( lampblack to tone d[n ! mixture4 ,m9es treat$ 9 ?is way1 if kept 9 a dry /oreh\se1 & n put 9 ! wat]1 %\ld n require repa9t+ = sev]al ye>s4 ,frequ5t inspection %\ld be made1 h[ev]1 = 9 h&l+ ! cases & *ang+ _! positions on ! racks1 x w (t5 happ5 t an abrasion w be made 9 ! surface ( ! pa9t1 :i* if neglect$ may s]ve z ! />t+ po9t ( a progressive corrosion1 :i* may ext5d rapidly "u ! surface ( ! pa9t4 ,%\ld loose pa9t or ru/ be se5 ! case %\ld be repa9t$4 ,a small wood5 mallet may be us$ to tap ! case at all po9ts to loos5 scales ( ru/ or pa9t2 !n ! surface %\ld be ?or\ghly wire bru%$ or scrap$ & ! cases repa9t$ z /at$ above4 ,! inside ( m9e cases mu/ be inspect$ to see t ! int]ior surfaces are kept free f ru/4 ,gr\nd m9es & gr\nd m9e buoys %\ld be treat$ 9 ! mann] j describ$ = buoyant m9e cases4 ,if ! oil eng9e has n be5 pa9t$1 x %\ld be giv5 a prim+ coat ( r$ lead mix$ 9 oil4 ,?is %\ld be rubb$ d[n ) pumice /one & two coats ( /eel-color$ pa9t appli$4 ,! second coat %\ld be rubb$ d[n & two coats ( v>ni% !n appli$4 ,aft] ?is ! eng9e %\ld n ne$ repa9t+ = a c\ple ( ye>s4 ,:51 h[ev]1 repa9t+ is necess>y1 ! eng9e %\ld be rubb$ d[n until all ! v>ni% is remov$ & a coat ( /eel-color$ pa9t appli$4 ,?is coat %\ld be rubb$ until no bru% m>ks rema91 & "o or two coats ( v>ni% %\ld !n be appli$4 ,! /eel-color$ pa9t %\ld be appli$ flat2 t is1 ! color :i* is gr\nd 9 ,japan %\ld be mix$ ) turp5t9e4 ,"o gallon ( ?is pa9t is m ?an suffici5t to give an eng9e two coats4 ,! motor-g5]ators & ! casemate trans=m]s usually w n ne$ ! prim+ coat ( r$ lead1 z !y come f ! factory pa9t$4 ,:5 x is necess>y to pa9t !m1 "o coat ( ! /eel-color$ pa9t & "o ( v>ni% w usually be f\nd suffici5t4 ,an*ors1 di/ribution boxes1 junction boxes1 moor+ sockets1 %ackles1 si/] hooks1 & ! ironwork ( op]at+ bo>ds & p[] panels %\ld be pa9t$ ) asphaltum v>ni%4 ,pa9t bru%es :5 new1 & be=e use1 %\ld be wrapp$ or bridl$ ) /rong tw9e & soak$ 9 wat] to swell4 ,aft] use !y %\ld be clean$ ) turp5t9e & put away 9 wat] to keep !m f dry+ & becom+ unpliable4 ,l>ge ropes %\ld be /or$ on skids1 all[+ a free circulation ( air4 ,small ropes %\ld be hung on wood5 p9s4 ,ropes %\ld be uncoil$ semiannually 9 dry seasons & /ret*$ out = sev]al days to dry4 ,wire rope mu/ be /or$ 9 a dry place :]e x w n ru/4 ,m>l9e-cov]$ wire rope %\ld be /or$ :]e !re is a fair circulation ( air4 ,! date ( receipt %\ld be /5cil$ on ea* reel4 ,if n us$ at ! end ( five ye>s x %\ld be run ?r\gh a ba? ( pure di/ill$ t> oil4 ,?is may be done by sett+ up an empty reel #bj feet 9 front ( ! full reel & plac+ a tub ( ! t> oil midway betwe5 !m4 ,z ! rope comes (f ! full reel x is pass$ ?r\gh ! oil & ! surplus oil slick$ (f ) a piece ( burlap1 ?us return+ ! oil to ! ba?4 ,! fre%ly oil$ reel w cont9ue to drip = sev]al days1 & s& %\ld be put on ! floor "u ! reel to take up ! excess oil4 ,aft] use 9 wat] ! m>l9e-cov]$ rope %\ld be ?or\ghly dri$ out & !n reoil$ z above describ$4 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #f4 ,,in/ructions ,,= ,,ma/]s ,,( ,,m9e ,,plant]s4 ,! matt] conta9$ 9 ?is app5dix is prim>ily = ! in=mation ( ! ma/]s ( ^? vessels :i* are call$ into s]vice = m9e plant+ purposes ^u ! outbreak or ?reat5+ ( ho/ilities4 ,! ma/] %all reque/ to be suppli$ ) a copy ( ,regulations = ,m9e ,plant]s1 ,u4 ,s4 ,army4 ,to ea* vessel w be assign$ a coa/ artill]y (fic]1 :o %all be ! comm&+ (fic] ( ! vessel4 ,all ord]s = ! vessel %all be giv5 to & ?r\gh him4 ,he %all h g5]al *>ge ( its bus9ess & be responsible = ! prop] c>e & disposition ( all /ores abo>d1 leav+ to ! ma/] ( ! vessel ! full & unque/ion$ control & au?ority ov] all matt]s = :i* he is pr(essionally responsible4 ,any ord]s to be giv5 by ! comm&+ (fic] conc]n+ ! vessel or its crew w be giv5 to or ?r\gh ! ma/]1 except t :5 plant+ m9es or op]at+ any ( ! m9+ appliances or ma*9]y abo>d ! vessel1 ! comm&+ (fic]1 or an (fic] designat$ by him1 may give in/ructions directly to any ( ! vessel's (fic]s or to memb]s ( ! vessel's crew :o h duties directly connect$ ) ! m9+ "w4 ,! duties & responsibilities ( ! ma/] ( a vessel engag$ 9 subm>9e m9e "w d n diff] mat]ially f ^? devolv+ ^u him :5 8 vessel is o!rwise employ$4 ,) respect to e duty ! vessel may be call$ ^u to p]=m1 x may be /at$ t explicit directions z to :]e ! vessel is to g & j :at maneuv]s x is to execute 9 ! m9e field w be giv5 by ! (fic] abo>d1 & x is !n incumb5t ^u ! ma/] to execute ! maneuv] accord+ to 8 be/ judgm5t4 ,! duties t vessels employ$ z m9e plant]s are likely to be call$ ^u to p]=m are z foll[s3 #a4 ,to lay out ! m9e fields4 #b4 ,to lay ! multiple cable4 #c4 ,to plant m9es4 #d4 ,to take up m9es 7includ+ replac+ defective m9es by good ones :]e necess>y74 #e4 ,to take up ! cable4 ,! comm&+ (fic] ( ! vessel is responsible = ! prop] equipm5t ( ! vessel ) ! necess>y app>atus = m9e plant+1 = ! load+ ( all ! matriel prior to ! plant+1 & = ! me?od ( proc$ure "u ! above heads4 ,! ma/] ( ! vessel w c>ry out ! ord]s ( ! comm&+ (fic] & is conc]n$ only 9 ! h&l+ ( 8 boat to prev5t accid5ts to x & to ! boats engag$ 9 ! plant+4 ,! foll[+ precautions w be obs]v$ by ma/]s3 #a4 ,if curr5t fl[s across ! m9e field ! plant+ vessel1 to avoid accid5ts1 %\ld always pass on ! d[n/ream side ( ! yawl boat hold+ ! measur+ l9e4 #b4 ,! greate/ c>e %\ld be tak5 t ! measur+ l9e & buoy ropes are n caught 9 ! propell]s4 ,if ! vessel has tw9 screws1 ! up/ream propell] %\ld be /opp$ z soon z ! measur+ l9e has be5 pass$ to ! m>k+ boat4 ,9 all cases a man ) a boat hook %\ld be po/$ ne> ! an*or davits & ano!r amid%ips1 to hold ! measur+ l9e above ! wat] & cle> ( ! sides ( ! vessel4 ,keg buoys1 & z mu* ( ! buoy rope z possible1 %\ld be held on ! rail ne> ! /]n1 lett+ ! rope pay out sl[ly & "u t5sion1 until ! propell]s are pa/ ! rope1 !n ! keg & ! rema9d] ( ! rope may be ?r[n ov]bo>d4 #c4 ,a g5]al rule is nev] to back ei!r propell] :5 buoy ropes1 measur+ l9es1 or cables are be+ h&l$ ov]bo>d at or ne> ! /]n ( ! vessel4 #d4 ,if x becomes absolutely necess>y to rev]se ! propell]s :5 pay+ out cable1 m5 pay+ x out mu/ haul x 9 taut & keep x above ! :eel & cle> ( x4 ,! plant+ vessel %\ld n pass ne>] ?an #be feet to ! di/ribution box boat :5 cable is lead+ out f ! latt]1 nor %\ld x pass ov] any cable1 if x c be avoid$1 if ! dep? is less ?an #af feet4 #e4 ,! vessel %\ld proce$ aft] pass+ ! di/ribution box boat on su* a c\rse t cable w pay (f smoo?ly )\t becom+ entangl$4 ,if a cable becomes f\l$ & entangl$1 ! end %\ld be 8let g0 at once at ! di/ribution box boat--! plant] %\ld proce$ on1 n /op nor back its propell]s4 ,m9e cable %\ld nev] be made fa/ 9 ! di/ribution box boat until aft] a m9e is dropp$4 ,x is mu* bett] to drop ! m9e out ( position ?an to endang] ! propell]s ( ! vessel4 ,! propell] ne>e/ ! di/ribution box %\ld be /opp$ ! mom5t ! b[ ( ! vessel passes ! di/ribution box boat on its c\rse to drop a m9e4 #f4 ,if1 9 plant+1 ! vessel moves aga9/ ! direction ( ! curr5t1 !re is little dang] ( ov]turn+ ! di/ribution box boat if ord9>y caution is obs]v$4 ,%\ld x be necess>y to plant aga9/ a cross curr5t or ) x1 x is be/ to pass ! cable end to ! di/ribution box boat by a laun* or small boat4 ,9 ?is way ! plant] ne$ n pass )9 #ej or #ge y>ds ( ! boat4 #g4 ,to avoid gett+ f\l ( ! buoy rope or m9e aft] ! m9e is dropp$1 ! helm %\ld be put ov] s z to ?r[ ! /]n away f ! m9e4 ,! vessel %\ld be "u good headway s t ! propell]s may be /opp$ until !y are well pa/ ! buoy & buoy ropes ( ! m9e4 ,^! po9ts are important2 failure to obs]ve !m w result disa/r\sly4 ,9 lay+ multiple cable1 ! c\rse ( ! vessel inv>iably %\ld be aga9/ ! curr5t4 ,r ?an lay cable ) ! curr5t x is advisable to po/pone lay+ ! cable until a *ange ( ! tide causes a favorable direction ( curr5t4 ,9 ! end1 "t w be sav$ by wait+4 ,cable %\ld pay (f on ! up/ream side ( ! vessel if any cross curr5t is runn+4 ,all c>e %\ld be tak5 t ! cable does n get caught 9 ! vessel's propell]s4 ,?is is ( ! greate/ importance4 ,z ! cable pays out ov] a *ock ne> ! b[ ( ! vessel a man %\ld /& by ) a #c-;in* /rap 9 read9ess to /op ! cable %\ld x be necess>y1 & two m5 %\ld manipulate brakes to prev5t ! cable f pay+ out too rapidly4 ,?is is especially necess>y if ! wat] is deep] ?an #ej feet4 ,especial c>e is necess>y 9 plant+ m9es to avoid3 7a7 ,collid+ ) yawl or di/ribution box boat2 7b7 pick+ up cable 9 ! propell]2 7c7 gett+ ! m9e cable tangl$2 7d7 drift+ ov] ! m9e aft] x is dropp$4 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #g4 ,,manual ,,= ,,small ,,boats4 ,! left-h& side ( a boat or %ip1 look+ t[>d ! b[1 is ! port side1 & ! o!r is ! />bo>d side4 ,! m5 :o r[ on ! port side are call$ ! port o>s & ^? r[+ on ! />bo>d side are call$ ! />bo>d o>s4 ,boats are call$ s+le or d\ble bank$1 accord+ z !y h "o or two o>sm5 to a ?w>t4 ,?w>ts are ! seats on :i* ! crew sits2 ! space abaft ! aft] ?w>t is call$ ! /]n %eet4 ,floor+s & grat+s are ! bottom bo>ds ( a boat4 ,!y prev5t ! weight f be>+ directly ^u ! plank+4 ,! gunwale ( a boat is ! upp] rail4 ,! yoke is an a?w>t%ip piece ( wood or metal fitt+ ov] ! rudd]head4 ,yoke lany>ds are ! small l9es made fa/ to ! ends ( ! yoke1 by :i* ! rudd] is turn$ & ! boat /e]$4 ,! /em is ! upturn$ portion ( ! keel at ! b[ ( ! boat1 to :i* ! =w>d ends ( ! planks are secur$4 ,o>s are said to be d\ble bank$ :5 two m5 pull "o o>4 ,! blade ( an o> is ! broad flatt5$ "p4 ,! h&le is ! small "p ( an o> on ! inbo>d end ( ! loom1 :i* ! o>sman grasps :5 pull+4 ,! loom is ! portion ( an o> ext5d+ f ! blade to ! h&le4 ,! lea!r is ! portion ( an o> :i* re/s 9 ! r[lock4 ,?is is sometimes cov]$ ) canvas1 b is usually cov]$ ) lea!r2 h5ce ! "n4 ,fea!r+ is ! t]m appli$ to ! op]ation ( turn+ ! blades ne>ly flat to ! wat] aft] ! /roke1 ) ! upp] edge turn$ =w>d1 especially valuable 9 r[+ aga9/ a head w9d4 ,r[locks are =k$ pieces ( metal 9 :i* ! lea!r ( ! o>s re/s :ile pull+4 ,swivel r[locks are movable1 a p9 on ! r[lock fitt+ into a socket 9 ! gunwale4 ,?ole p9s are p9s set v]tically 9 ! gunwale & are us$ 9 place ( r[locks4 ,! /e]+ r[lock is a peculi> =m ( swivel r[lock 7fitt$ ne> ! /]n ( a boat7 9 :i* ! /e]+ o> is %ipp$4 ,?is is sometimes call$ a crut*4 ,! pa9t] is a rope secur$ 9 ! b[ = t[+ or = secur+ ! boat4 ,boat-falls are tackles made ) two blocks & a l5g? ( rope2 us$ = hoi/+ boats4 ,! plug is ! wood5 /opp] fitt$ into a hole 9 ! bottom ( a boat to let wat] 9 or out4 ,a boat break] is a small keg us$ = c>ry+ fre% wat]4 ,a boat-recall is an und]/ood signal made to ord] a boat's return4 ,,boat ,,ord]s4 ,o>s & r[locks hav+ be5 plac$ 9 ! boat1 blades ( o>s t[>d ! b[1 rudd] & yoke1 if any1 /epp$ & ! yoke lany>ds cle>1 ! m5 bo>d & take _! prop] seats4 ,! man pull+ ! b[-o> is ,no4 #a1 ! next man is ,no4 #b1 & s on1 to ! man pull+ ! /]n-o>1 :o is call$ ! 8/roke-o>40 ,! m5 be+ seat$1 ) o>s h&y1 ! b[-man1 :o may be ,no4 #a or an extra man1 z conv5i5t1 holds onto ! :>f1 side1 or pil+1 z ! case may be1 ) 8 boat hook4 ,%ove (f4--,at ?is comm& ! b[-man %oves ! boat cle>1 giv+ h] headway if possible4 ,he boats 8 boat hook & takes 8 seat4 ,up o>s4--,! crew simultane\sly seize & raise _! o>s sm>tly to ! v]tical 7guid+ on ! /roke-o>7 & hold !m directly 9 front ( !m1 ! blades =e-&-aft1 inbo>d h&s grasp+ ! h&les1 hold+ ! same well d[n betwe5 ! knees1 outbo>d h&s grasp+ ! looms at ! height ( ! *94 ,let fall4--,! o>s are eas$ d[n into ! r[locks toge!r1 br\ght level ) ! gunwale1 blades horizontal & all trimm$ on ! aft] o>s4 ,o>s mu/ n be all[$ to spla%4 7#a7 ,give way toge!r1 7#b7 ,,give ,,way4 ,at ! fir/ comm& ! m5 rea* well =w>d1 blades ne>ly v]tical1 ready = ! /roke4 ,at ! second comm& !y dip _! o>s at ! same "t z ! /roke-o> & comm5ce r[+1 keep+ /roke exactly & all lift+ _! blades to ! height ( ! gunwale on ! return4 7,or high] if waves r5d] ?is necess>y47 ,,to ,,make ,a ,,l&+4 ,9 runn+ alongside a vessel or up to a float-/age or :>f1 :5 sev]al l5g?s away f same1 give ! comm& 7:ile ! o>s are 9 ! wat]71 ,,9 ,,b[s4 ,! b[ o>sman 7if !re be no extra man 9 ! b[7 f9i%es 8 /roke1 !n 8tosses0 & 8boats0 8 o>1 blade to ! b[1 & /&s ready ) ! boat hook to f5d (f & hold ! l&+4 ,:5 !re is suffici5t headway to c>ry ! boat prop]ly to ! l&+1 give ! comm&1 ,,way ,,en\gh4 ,?is ord] is giv5 :ile ! o>s are 9 ! wat]2 ! m5 f9i% ! /roke1 !n toss & boat _! o>s ) z little noise z possible4 ,! o>s are next ! rail1 ! aft] o>s outbo>d ( ! b[ o>s4 ,if ! /roke o>sman is provid$ ) a boat hook1 he grasps x & /&s ready to help ! b[ man4 ,if x be desir$ to /op r[+ tempor>ily1 give ! prep>atory comm&1 7#a7 ,/& by to lay on o>s1 at :i* ! crew pays /rict att5tion4 ,!n1 :5 ready1 give 7#b7 ,,o>s4 ,at ?is comm&1 giv5 :ile ! o>s are 9 ! wat]1 ! crew f9i%es ! /roke & br+s ! o>s level ) ! gunwale1 blades horizontal1 trimm$ on ! aft] o>s4 ,?is position is also us$ = salutes1 z not$ h]eaft]4 ,if ab\t to pass s close to ano!r boat t a collision ( o>s seems probable1 comm& 7#a7 ,trail1 7#b7 ,,o>s4 ,at ! second comm&1 giv5 :ile ! o>s are 9 ! wat]1 ! m5 f9i% ! /roke1 & !n1 :ile ! o>s are /ill 9 ! wat]1 by lift+ ! h&les ) _! outbo>d h&s ! looms are ?r[n out ( ! r[locks4 ,! m5 c>ry _! h&s outbo>d till ! backs ( _! wri/s re/ on ! rails & ! o>s trail a/]n4 7,?is movem5t is us$ 9 %oot+ bridges1 :]e lack ( head room precludes toss+47 ,to br+ ! o>s inbo>d1 comm&3 ,,o>s4 ,at ?is comm& ! m5 raise ! h&les1 l[] ! looms into ! r[locks1 & !n raise ! blades out ( ! wat] & sw+ ! o>s to ! regul> position ( ,let fall4 ,9 ord] to turn ! boat %ort ar\nd 7be+ /ation>y or ne>ly s7 comm&3 7#a7 ,give way1 />bo>d2 back port1 7#b7 ,,give ,,way2 or 7#a7 ,give way1 port2 back1 />bo>d1 7#b7 ,,give ,,way4 ,! crew keeps /roke j z regul>ly z 9 pull+ /raight away4 ,z soon z ! boat po9ts 9 ! desir$ direction comm&3 7#a7 ,give way toge!r1 7#b7 ,,give ,,way4 ,if x be desir$ to *eck ! boat's headway1 comm&3 ,,hold ,,wat]4 ,at ?is comm& ! m5 drop _! blades v]tically into ! wat]1 tops ( blades incl9$ slightly =w>d1 inbo>d h&s grasp+ ! h&les1 outbo>d arms ov] ! looms to /eady ! o>s aga9/ ! *e/4 ,to prep>e ! crew = r[+ comm& ,,o>s1 at :i* !y resume ! position describ$ "u ! head+ ,let fall4 ,to move ! boat a/]n comm& ,,/]n ,,all4 ,at ?is comm& ! m5 back wat]1 keep+ /roke z regul>ly z 9 ord9>y r[+4 ,to resume ! position ( att5tion give ! comm& ,,o>s1 z be=e4 ,to toss o>s comm&3 7#a7 ,/& by to toss1 7#b7 ,,toss4 ,! comm& ( execution is giv5 :ile ! o>s are 9 ! wat]1 ! /roke is complet$ & ! o>s rais$ sm>tly to ! v]tical1 ) blades 9 =e-&-aft plane1 h&les ( o>s on bottom bo>ds1 ! wri/s ( ! inbo>d h&s re/+ on ! ?ighs1 outbo>d h&s grasp+ ! looms at ! height ( ! *91 crew sitt+ upright4 ,to place ! o>s 9 ! boat give ! comm& ,,boat ,,y\r ,,o>s4 ,at ?is comm& ! o>s are l[]$ t[>d ! b[ 7n swung outbo>d7 & laid 9 ! boat z be=e describ$4 ,?is comm& may be giv5 f ! position ( ,let fall1 9 :i* case ! m5 toss _! o>s & proce$ z above4 ,,notes4 ,9 r[+ ! blade ( ! o> %\ld be rais$ z high z ! gunwale aft] leav+ ! wat] & fea!r$ by dropp+ ! wri/4 ,a b>ely p]ceptible pause %\ld be made1 & ! o> next ?r[n well =w>d & dropp$ edgewise into ! wat]1 tak+ c>e to avoid spla%+ & *opp+4 ,n[ sw+ ! o> sm>tly ?r\gh ! wat] )\t giv+ x any f9al j]k1 & repeat z above4 ,) gre5 crews x may be f\nd necess>y = ! coxswa9 to call /roke1 /roke1 9 ord] to get ! m5 to pull exactly toge!r4 ,!re %\ld be a m>k on ! loom ( ! o> 7ab\t ! height ( ! eyes :5 ! o> is at toss7 to %[ :5 ! blade is =e-&-aft1 ?us avoid+ ! necessity ( ! m5 gaz+ up = ! purpose ( f9d+ out :5 ?is is ! case4 ,nev] all[ a boat's crew to spla% ) ! blades :5 execut+ ,let fall4 ,:5 re/+ on o>s1 insi/ t !y be kept level ) ! gunwale & at "r angles to ! keel4 ,talk+ among ! crew & turn+ ! heads to look at any object %\ld nev] be all[$ :ile ! boat is "u way4 ,9 mo/ cases1 boats %\ld be p]man5tly equipp$ ) a small break] ( fre% wat]1 a sp>e o> & o>lock & a suitable an*or or grapnel4 ,! an*or rope to )/& a /orm %\ld be six 7#f7 times z long z ! greate/ dep? liable to be us$ z an an*orage4 ,= any small boat 9 our s]vice a #bj-p\nd an*or & #ab-?read 7ab\t #a in*7 manila haws] %\ld easily wea!r a hurricane4 ,a boat %\ld nev] g out at night )\t a good1 well-fill$ lant]n4 ,_m a boat has be5 run d[n ?r\gh its inability to make its pres5ce kn[n4 ,be=e leav+ ! %ore 9 foggy wea!r1 provide ! boat ) "s sort ( a foghorn & a compass1 & calculate z ne>ly z possible ! be>+s ( ! l&+ y wi% to make4 ,take ! opposite ( ?is ^u return+1 mak+ due all[ance = tide & w9d 9 bo? cases4 ,to ride out a gale ( w9d 9 an op5 boat1 la% ! o>s & grat+ toge!r1 mak+ !m into a bulky bundle & weight !m if possible2 span !m ) ! pa9t] & pit* !m ov]bo>d4 ,?is w keep ! boat's head to ! sea & prev5t h] f drift+ fa/4 ,assi/ ! boat to take ! seas head-on by means ( a /e]+ o>4 ,9 r[+ ?r\gh a *op1 :]e ! rudd] is apt to be pit*$ cle> ( ! wat]1 x %\ld be un%ipp$ & a /e]+ o> us$ in/ead4 ,rememb]1 9 mak+ a l&+1 t ! heavi] ! boat is lad5 ! long] %e w keep h] way4 ,if y are be+ t[$ by a /eam]1 make h] give y a l9e1 in/ead ( us+ y\r own1 & belay x s x c be ca/ (f 9 a hurry4 ,c>efully avoid weigh+ d[n ! b[2 always use a %ort t[l9e :5 ! boat is empty & a long t[l9e :5 ! boat is lad54 ,if ! boat's pa9t] is us$ = a t[l9e1 h a knife ready = cutt+ x if x becomes necess>y4 ,nev] g close "u a /eam]'s /]n unless x is absolutely unavoidable4 ,(fic]s 9 bo>d+ a %ip1 use ! />bo>d gangway1 al?\gh !y may use ! port gangway4 ,enli/$ m5 use ! port gangway or ! booms1 unless o!rwise ord]$4 ,boat salutes4--,! foll[+ salutes %\ld be ex*ang$ betwe5 boats meet+ or pass+ ea* o!r4 ,no junior %\ld pass ahead ( a s5ior )\t p]mission4 ,! junior %\ld always salute fir/1 & ! s5ior %\ld return ! salute by t\*+ 8 cap4 ,salutes %\ld be ex*ang$ :5ev] boats pass ne> en\gh to ea* o!r = ! s5ior (fic] to be recogniz$1 :e!r he be 9 uni=m or n4 ,(fic]s )\t a flag or p5nant fly+ %\ld be salut$ ) ! h& only2 ^? ) a flag or p5nant fly+ %\ld1 9 addition1 be salut$ by lay+ on o>s4 ,:5 a noncommission$ (fic] is 9 a boat & meets ano!r boat conta9+ an (fic] he /&s & salutes4 ,if ! boat flies a flag or p5nant1 ! noncommission$ (fic]1 9 addition1 lays on o>s4 ,(fic]s ( ! ,navy & ,m>9e ,corps & =eign (fic]s 9 boats %\ld always be salut$ :5 recogniz$4 ,9 lad5 boats1 t[+ boats1 or boats "u sail ! h& salute only is made on all occasions4 ,coxswa9s 9 *>ge ( boats %all always rise & salute :5 (fic]s ent] or leave _! boats4 ,boat keep]s %all /& up & salute (fic]s pass+ 9 boats & rema9 /&+ until ! boat has come alongside or pass$4 ,,app5dix ,,no4 #h4 ,,supply ,,li/4 ,,app>atus4 ,ammet]s1 portable1 #j-be scale1 #a to ea* po/4 ,an*ors1 buoy1 #ejj p\nds1 #e to ea* gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,an*ors1 m9e1 #a to ea* buoyant m9e4 ,axle1 cable-reel1 #a to ea* cable-reel frame4 ,balances & weights1 #a set to ea* po/4 ,batt]y1 /orage1 #a to ea* casemate4 ,bo>ds1 op]at+1 #a to ea* gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,boxes1 di/ribution1 #a to ea* gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,boxes1 di/ribution1 #a to ea* gr\p ( #g m9es4 ,boxes1 junction1 l>ge1 #c to ea* mile ( multiple cable4 ,boxes1 junction1 small1 #a to ea* mile ( s+le-conductor cable4 ,buoy1 di/ribution box1 #a to ea* di/ribution box4 ,buoy1 m>k+1 #e to ea* gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,buoy1 m9e1 #a to ea* buoyant m9e4 ,cable1 subm>9e1 #ai-;conductor1 accord+ to project4 ,cable1 subm>9e1 #g-;conductor1 accord+ to project4 ,cable1 subm>9e1 #a conductor1 accord+ to project4 ,cases1 guncotton1 z requir$4 ,circuit clos]1 #a to ea* m9e trans=m]4 ,clips1 cable1 #b = ea* m9e4 ,eng9e1 int]nal combu/ion1 #a to ea* casemate4 ,frame1 cable-reel1 #c to ea* po/4 ,fuse c1 #a to ea* comp\nd plug4 ,g5]ator1 casemate1 #a to ea* casemate4 ,m9e cases1 accord+ to project4 ,motor g5]ator1 ,d4 ,c4-,a4 ,c41 #b to ea* casemate4 ,panels1 p[]1 #a to ea* casemate4 ,plant+ equipm5t = em]g5cy vessels1 #a to ea* vessel3 ,ea* plant+ equipm5t consi/s (-- #a axle1 cable-reel4 #d blocks1 snat*4 #d blocks1 triplex1 #b-ton4 #b come-alongs4 #b davits1 an*or4 #b davits1 m9e4 #a frame1 cable-reel4 #d hooks1 trip4 ,plugs1 comp\nd1 #a to ea* m9e case4 ,reels1 cable1 accord+ to cable on h&4 ,reel & frame1 measur+1 #a to ea* m9e field4 ,%ackles1 an*or1 #b to ea* an*or4 ,%ackles1 m9e1 #b to ea* m9e4 ,si/] hooks1 #a pair to ea* an*or4 ,sockets1 moor+1 #b to ea* buoyant m9e1 = wire rope only4 ,spr+s1 automatic an*or1 #f extra = ea* gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,swit*es1 />t+1 #a to ea* motor g5]ator1 ,d4 ,c4-,a4 ,c4 ,telephones1 boat1 #d to ea* m9e field4 ,te/+ set1 insulation1 #a to ea* po/ hav+ a cable tank3 ,ea* te/+ set consi/s (-- #a box1 resi/ance1 #ajj1jjj ohms4 #b cases = in/rum5ts4 #a galvanomet]1 ,d',arsonval1 reflect+4 #a key1 special insulation te/+4 #a repair kit4 #a %unt1 ,ayrton ,univ]sal4 ,trans=m]1 casemate1 #b to ea* casemate4 ,trans=m]1 m9e1 #a to ea* m9e4 ,voltmet]1 portable1 #j-c-volt scale1 #a to ea* /orage batt]y4 ,voltmet]1 portable1 #j-aej-volt scale1 #b to ea* po/4 ,weights1 di/ance1 = automatic an*or1 #f extra = ea* gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,,ut5sils4 7,supply = ea* po/1 unless o!rwise indicat$47 #a anvil1 #ej-p\nd4 #c axes1 h&l$4 #f bas9s1 wa%4 #bd b9d+ po/s 7to ea* casemate74 #b blocks1 tackle1 d\ble4 #b blocks1 tackle1 s+le4 #f boxes1 tool4 #f bru%es1 batt]y4 #f bru%es1 du/4 #f bru%es1 pa9t1 flat4 #f bru%es1 pa9t1 oval4 #ab bru%es1 sa%4 #ab bru%es1 scrat*4 #f buckets1 galvaniz$ iron4 #a *e/1 c>p5t]'s tool3 ,! *e/ conta9s ! foll[+ tools-- #a bits1 set1 ( #ac4 #a bit1 expansive1 #a brace1 rat*et4 #a *isels1 c>p5t]'s1 set ( #f4 #a hamm]1 claw4 #a knife1 draw+4 #a level1 c>p5t]'s4 #a oil/one4 #a plane1 jack4 #a plane1 smoo?4 #a rule1 #b-;foot4 #a saw1 compass4 #a saw1 h&4 #a saw1 rip4 #a saw set4 #a squ>e1 c>p5t]'s4 #f *isels1 cold4 #d clips1 wire rope 7= ea* buoyant m9e74 #d copp]s1 sold]+4 #c cr[b>s4 #f cups1 dr9k+4 #b cutt]s1 cable4 #a dies1 lett]s1 set4 #a dies1 numb]s1 set4 #a drill1 brea/4 #a drill po9ts1 set ( #ae4 #f files1 #f-;in*1 flat ba/>d4 #c files1 #f-;in*1 slim tap]4 #f funnels1 load+1 l>ge4 #f funnels1 load+1 small4 #a gloves1 rubb]1 pair 7to ea* /orage batt]y74 #a gr9d/one4 #bd hacksaw blades4 #d hacksaw frames4 #f hamm]s1 ball pe54 #f hamm]s1 smi?'s4 #b h&les1 ) tools4 #c hat*ets4 #f hooks1 boat4 #b hydromet]s1 batt]y 7to ea* /orage batt]y74 #c irons1 calk+4 #d irons1 grappl+4 #abj knives1 subm>9e m9e 7= ea* m9e company1 to be issu$ z "p ( equipm5t74 #c ladles4 #f lamps1 alcohol4 #b lamps1 batt]y inspection 7to ea* /orage batt]y74 #c lamps1 ,khotal4 #e leads1 s\nd+4 #ab lev]s = socket wr5*es4 #ab life buoys4 #ab life pres]v]s4 #b mallets1 l>ge4 #b mallets1 small4 #ab m>l9espikes4 #f megaphones4 #a oil]s & tray1 set 7to ea* casemate74 #ab padlocks1 brass1 ) *a94 #b pit*]s1 acid 7to ea* /orage batt]y74 #b plates1 e>?4 #gj pli]s1 side cutt+1 #e in* 7= ea* m9e company1 to be issu$ z "p ( equipm5t74 #ej pli]s1 side cutt+1 #h-;in* 7= ea* m9e company1 to be issu$ z "p ( equipm5t74 #c pots1 melt+4 #d pumps1 boat 7to ea* m9e field74 #b scales1 ext5sion spr+1 read+ #bjj p\nds4 #a scales1 portable plat=m4 #f scissors1 #h-;in*4 #f scoops1 l>ge1 = trotol only4 #f scoops1 small1 = trotol only4 #ab scrap]s1 iron1 ) h&le4 #d screw-driv]s1 l>ge4 #d screw-driv]s1 m$ium4 #d screw-driv]s1 small4 #f swit*es1 assort$ 7to ea* casemate74 #b syr+es1 batt]y 7to ea* /orage batt]y74 #c tapes1 measur+4 #b !rmomet]s1 batt]y 7to ea* /orage batt]y74 #b !rmomet]s1 cable tank4 #b ?imbles1 galvaniz$ iron 7to ea* buoyant m9e case74 #b tongs1 cable-reel4 #f tor*es1 gasol9e1 h&4 #b trucks1 m9e case4 #f vises1 b5*1 l>ge4 #f wr5*es1 monkey1 #h-;in*4 #f wr5*es1 monkey1 #ae-;in*4 #ab wr5*es1 ,s4 #f wr5*es1 socket4 #f wr5*es1 spann]4 #c wr5*es1 ,/illson4 #f wr5*es1 ,t1 small4 ,,exp5dable ,,/ores4 ,alcohol1 wood1 #e gallons to ea* po/4 ,antimony = socket alloy1 #aj p\nds to ea* #ai m9es4 ,books1 record ( cable te/1 #a to ea* po/4 ,books1 daily te/1 #b to ea* po/4 ,books1 note1 #bd to ea* po/4 ,bru%es1 c>bon1 #d extra = ea* ma*9e requir+ !m4 ,bru%es1 wire1 #d extra = ea* ma*9e requir+ !m4 ,cells1 dry1 l>ge1 #be to ea* po/4 ,cells1 dry1 small1 #ajj to ea* po/4 ,cem5t1 rubb]1 #c p\nds to ea* #ai m9es4 ,cleats1 porcela91 #a-wire1 #ej to ea* casemate4 ,cleats1 porcela91 #b-wire1 #ej to ea* casemate4 ,coll>s1 ,turk's-head1 l>ge1 #aj to ea* mile ( #g-;conductor cable4 ,coll>s1 ,turk's-head1 m$ium1 #aj to ea* mile ( #ai-;conductor cable4 ,coll>s1 ,turk's-head1 small1 #e to ea* m9e4 ,comp\nd1 commutator1 #a /ick to ea* casemate4 ,connectors1 d\ble1 #be to ea* casemate4 ,cords1 telephone1 #d extra4 ,crayons1 m>k+1 #ab to ea* /oreh\se4 ,cut-outs1 porcela91 #b to ea* casemate4 ,dri]1 z requir$4 ,electrolyte1 specific gravity #abaj1 #d c>boys to ea* casemate4 ,explosive1 accord+ to project4 ,fuses1 s]vice1 #d to ea* m9e4 ,gasol9e1 = tor*es1 #aj gallons to ea* po/4 ,gl&s = comp\nd plugs1 #b extra = ea* plug4 ,glue1 #e p\nds to ea* po/4 ,graphite1 z requir$4 ,h&les1 assort$1 z requir$ = repair+ tools4 ,insulators1 glass1 #be to ea* /oreh\se4 ,jo9t]s1 copp]1 #a p\nd to ea* #ai m9es4 ,keys1 di/ribution box1 flat1 #d extra to ea* box4 ,keys1 di/ribution box1 split1 #d extra to ea* box4 ,keys1 m9e case1 #b extra = ea* m9e case4 ,keys1 %ackle1 #a extra to ea* %ackle4 ,knobs1 porcela91 #ajj to ea* po/4 ,lampblack1 #b p\nds to ea* #ajj p\nds ( :ite lead4 ,lamps1 inc&esc5t1 :ite1 #aaj volts1 #af-;c&lep[]1 #ab to ea* casemate4 ,lamps1 inc&esc5t1 :ite1 #hj volts1 #af-;c&lep[]1 #ab to ea* casemate4 ,lamps1 inc&esc5t1 r$1 #hj volts1 #h-;c&lep[]1 #c to ea* op]at+ bo>d4 ,lamps1 inc&esc5t1 gre51 #de volts1 #h-;c&lep[]1 #c to ea* op]at+ bo>d4 ,lamps1 inc&esc5t1 gre51 #de volts1 #af-;c&lep[]1 #c to ea* op]at+ bo>d4 ,lamps1 inc&esc5t1 gre51 #de volts1 #cb-;c&lep[]1 #c to ea* op]at+bo>d4 ,lead1 = socket alloy1 #ij p\nds = ea* #ai m9es4 ,lead1 r$1 z requir$4 ,lead1 :ite1 z requir$4 ,l9e1 cod1 #b1jjj feet to ea* po/4 ,l9e1 measur+1 #b1jjj feet to ea* po/4 ,l9e1 s\nd+1 #ejj feet to ea* po/4 ,lye1 z requir$4 ,m>l9e1 #a p\nd to ea* m9e4 ,nails1 assort$ sizes1 #be p\nds to ea* po/4 ,ne$les1 clean+1 = ,khotal lamps1 #f to ea* po/4 ,nipples1 s(t rubb]1 #a to ea* h>d rubb] fuse c4 ,oakum1 #ej p\nds to ea* po/4 ,oil1 cyl9d]1 #e gallons to ea* casemate4 ,oil1 dynamo1 #a gallon to ea* casemate4 ,oil1 lubricat+1 #a gallon to ea* /oreh\se4 ,oil1 l9se$1 z requir$1 #c gallons to #ajj p\nds ( lead4 ,oil1 slu%+1 #e gallons to ea* po/4 ,oil1 t>1 z requir$ = m>l9e-cov]$ rope4 ,oil1 trans=m]1 #a gallon to ea* casemate trans=m]4 ,pack+1 asbe/os %eet1 #b p\nds to ea* casemate4 ,pack+1 asbe/os wick1 #a p\nd to ea* casemate4 ,pack+s1 rubb]1 #ajj to ea* #ai m9es4 ,pa9t1 acid-resi/+1 z requir$4 ,pa9t1 /eel color1 = casemate app>atus1 z requir$4 ,pa/e1 sold]+1 #a p\nd to ea* po/4 ,p>aff91 #aj p\nds to ea* po/4 ,p5cils1 lead1 #f doz5 to ea* po/4 ,plugs1 atta*m5t1 #f to ea* po/4 ,pomade1 ,putz1 #c p\nds to ea* po/4 ,prim]s1 explosive1 #a to ea* m9e *>ge4 ,pumice /one1 #b p\nds to ea* casemate4 ,res91 #b p\nds to ea* po/4 ,rope1 = di/ance weight1 #bj feet = ea* automatic an*or4 ,rope = heav+ l9es1 #a1bjj feet to ea* po/4 ,rope = la%+s1 #a1bjj feet to ea* po/4 ,rope1 m>l9e-cov]$1 accord+ to project4 ,rope1 rais+1 #ej p] c5t m ?an ( moor+ rope4 ,rope1 wire moor+1 accord+ to project4 ,rosettes1 #bd to ea* po/4 ,rub]9e1 #e gallons to ea* po/4 ,s&pap]1 #dh %eets to ea* po/4 ,sapolio1 #aj cakes to ea* po/4 ,screws1 brass1 assort$ sizes1 #a gross :5 requir$4 ,screws1 iron1 assort$ sizes1 #a gross :5 requir$4 ,screws1 set1 = comp\nd plugs1 #a extra set = ea* comp\nd plug4 ,screws1 set1 = m9e trans=m]s1 #a extra set = ea* m9e trans=m]4 ,%ellac = insulation purposes1 #e p\nds to ea* po/4 ,soap1 #be cakes to ea* po/4 ,sockets1 lamp1 #ab to ea* casemate4 ,sold]1 wire1 #e p\nds to ea* po/4 ,/aples1 l>ge1 #bj p\nds to ea* po/4 ,/aples1 small1 #a p\nd to ea* po/4 ,susp5sions1 galvanomet]1 l[]1 #c to ea* insulation te/+ set4 ,susp5sions1 galvanomet]1 upp]1 #f to ea* insulation te/+ set4 ,tags1 brass1 #ej p] gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,tags1 lead1 #ej p] gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,tags1 l951 #ej p] gr\p ( #ai m9es4 ,tape1 protective1 #e p\nds to ea* #ai m9es4 ,tape1 rubb]1 #e p\nds to ea* #ai m9es4 ,t9foil1 #a p\nd to ea* #ai m9es4 ,t[ell+1 #aj y>ds to ea* po/4 ,tubes1 porcela91 #ab to ea* po/4 ,turp5t9e1 z requir$4 ,tw9e1 #c p\nds to ea* #ai m9es4 ,v>ni%1 asphaltum1 z requir$4 ,v>ni%1 sp>1 z requir$4 ,wa%]s1 brass1 #ajj to ea* #ai m9es4 ,wa%]s1 lead1 #a extra set = ea* comp\nd plug4 ,wa/e1 cotton1 #ej p\nds to ea* po/4 ,wire1 casemate1 extra1 #ajj feet ea* ( black1 blue1 r$1 & br[n to ea* casemate4 ,wire1 fuse1 #a p\nd ea* ( #c1 #ab1 & #be amp]e to ea* casemate4 ,wire1 lamp-cord1 extra #ajj feet to ea* casemate4 ,wire1 load+1 #bj feet to ea* m9e4 ,wire1 s(t-drawn copp]4 ,rem>ks3 7a7 ,clips & ?imbles1 scales1 ext5sion spr+1 m>l9e-cov]$ rope1 & p>ts = automatic an*ors are requir$ only at po/s suppli$ ) automatic an*ors4 7b7 ,load+ scoops are requir$ only at po/s suppli$ ) trotol4 7c7 ,9 ! case ( articles to be suppli$ 8z requir$0 x is n contemplat$ t !y %all be kept on h& 9 l>g] quantities ?an requir$ = imm$iate ne$s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag;a4--,,improvis$ ,,m9e ,,t>get4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fig4 #ag;b4--,,improvis$ ,,m9e ,,t>get4