,device ,s]ies1 ,no4 #a4                
,,!                                     
,,blackbo>d ,,clock1                    
,device                       ,desk     
,book ,= ,! ,prim>y ,tea*]1        ,=   
tea*+ pupils 9 ,fir/ ,ye> & ,k9d]g>t5   
,grades h[ to                     tell !
 "t ( day by ! clock1                   
,& ,"t ,drill4                          
,,by                                    
,,eva ,,aldri*4                         
,copyright1 #ahib1                      
by                                ,,eva 
,,aldri*4                               
,nature is ! only ,p]fect               
,tea*]4 ,he alone succe$s 9 !           
art :o foll[s ,h] precepts4             
,,h[ ,,to ,,make ,,! ,,blackbo>d        
,,clock4      ,draw a circle1 ab\t a    
foot 9 diamet]1 on ! blackbo>d1 9 a     
conv5i5t place :]e x may rema94 ,place a
 dot 9 ! c5t]4 ,inside  ! circle place !
 figures1 h\r & m9ute m>ks z y h !m on  
! face ( y\r wat* or clock4    ,if !    
clock is to be made on a wood5 blackbo>d

 x w be be/ to  h slips cut f t9 = ! h\r
 & m9ute h&s1 & fa/5$ to  ! c5t] ( !    
face ) a sl5d] screw2 b if ! bo>d is (  
h>d f9i%1 & a screw ( any k9d w n answ]1
 ! next be/  plan w be to cut ! h&s f   
h>d1 :ite pa/ebo>d & fa/5  !m 9 place by
 means ( a long p91 us+ a h>d piece (   
pa/ebo>d1  cut r\nd1 = a wa%]4          
,ex]cise c>e to h ! m9ute h& long en\gh 
to rea* exactly to  ! m9ute spaces1 & ! 
h\r h& to ! h\r figures only4    ,!     
clock is ?us made ready = use1 ?\gh x w 
be made m  attractive by draw+ l9es     
repres5t+ a case ab\t ! face 9  color$  
crayon4 ,a smoo? bo>d hav+ ! dim5sions (
 twelve by  tw5ty in*es1 or !reab\t1 may
 be pa9t$ & prep>$ to repres5t  a clock4
    ,an old clock ) a worn out movem5t  
answ]s /ill bett] = !  purpose ?an !    
blackbo>d clock4                        
,,tea* ,,! ,,pupils ,,h[ ,,to ,,tell ,,!
 ,,"t4      ,fir/1--,tea* ! pupils to   
c\nt to sixty4    ,develop ! idea (1 &  
tea* ! pupils to write ! ,roman &       
,arabic  numb]s to twelve inclusive4    

,tea* ! pupils t sixty m9utes make an   
h\r4    ,review by c>eful que/ion+ t :i*
 0 done at previ\s ex]cises4    ,develop
 all ideas z f> z possible by que/ion+ !
 pupils4                                
,tell ! ,pupils ,t3    ,! little spaces 
ar\nd ! face ( ! clock are nam$ m9utes4 
,! big h& is ! m9ute h& & x c\nts !     
m9utes4    ,!re are sixty little m9utes 
ar\nd ! face ( ! clock :i* !  m9ute h&  
has to c\nt4    ,! figures are nam$     
h\rs4    ,! little h& is ! h\r h& & x   
po9ts out ! h\rs4    ,! m9ute h& rea*es 
cle> to ! m9utes1 & ! h\r h& t\*es  only
 ! h\rs4                                
,tea* ,! ,h\r4    ,:5 ! h\r h& po9ts to 
figure #a1 x is "o o'clock4    ,:5 ! h\r
 h& po9ts to figure #b1 x is two        
o'clock4    ,:5 ! h\r h& po9ts to figure
 #c1 x is ?ree o'clock1 etc4    ,twelve 
is ! home h\r4    ,x is :]e ! two h&s   
live1 yet !y are always go+4    ,!y nev]
 g backw>d4    ,!y always />t away f    
home & g ar\nd back home aga94    ,!y   
always get home toge!r at d9n] "t1 t is1

 twelve o'clock1  & aga9 9 ! middle ( ! 
night1 midnight1 or twelve o'clock aga94
                                        
,ex]cise ,i4    ,s5d a pupil to !       
blackbo>d clock ) a po9t]2 h him po9t to
  "o o'clock1 two o'clock1 etc4    ,let 
o!rs d ! same1 b d n cont9ue till !     
att5tion ( !  class wav]s4    ,let      
pupils c\nt ! m9utes1 by turns1 ea*     
comm5c+ :]e ! "o  prec$+ him left (f1   
always foll[+ ! c\rse ( ! h&s ( a       
clock4                                  
,tell ! ,pupils ,t3    ,x is n our "w to
 d ! po9t+ nor ! c\nt+4 ,! h\r &  m9ute 
h&s on ! face ( a clock always d t to   
tell u :at "t  x is4    ,! m9ute h&     
c\nts ! m9utes1 & ! h\r h& po9ts to !   
h\rs4    ,:5 ! h\r h& po9ts to #a1 x is 
"o o'clock4    ,:5 ! h\r h& po9ts to #b1
 x is two o'clock1 etc4    ,let u play x
 is d9n] "t4 ,! h\r & m9ute h&s are home
  toge!r1 ready to />t out & g ar\nd    
aga94 ,!y are always ready  to g & !y   
always g ! "r way4 ,!y nev] g ! wrong   
way4  ,! m9ute h& goes all ! way ar\nd1 

c\nts all ! m9utes &  gets back home    
:ile ! h\r h& goes to only "o figure1 & 
!n we  "k x is "o o'clock1 because ! h\r
 h& is po9t+ to x4 ,!  m9ute h& gets    
home j at ! same "t t ! h\r h& po9ts  to
 any h\r4    ,!re are twelve h\rs on !  
face ( ! clock4    ,x takes ! h\r h& a  
long "t1 twelve h\rs1 to get home1 b !  
m9ute h& gets home z soon z x c\nts !   
m9utes all r\nd !  face ( ! clock4      
,ex]cise ,,ii4    ,! tea*] places ! h&s1
 ea* "t /opp+ ! h\r h& at !  "r h\r1 & !
 m9ute h& at ! twelve o'clock1 or home  
h\r1  & hav+ ! pupils tell :at "t x is1 
individually4                           
,ex]cise ,,iii4    ,s5d a pupil to !    
bo>d2 let him z ! tea*] dictates1 make x
 "o  o'clock1 two o'clock1 etc4 ,let    
o!rs d ! same4 ,nev] cont9ue = a  m9ute 
) flagg+ int]e/ & att5tion4    ,drill   
until ! pupils all see t ! m9ute h& goes
 all ! way  ar\nd e "t ! h\r h& goes f  
"o h\r to ano!r4                        
,tea* ,! ,half ,pa/4    ,tell !         
pupils3--,:5 ! h\r h& gets pa/ a numb]1 

half way to  ! next numb]1 ! m9ute h&   
has c\nt$ half ! m9utes & is  half way  
home4                                   
,ex]cise ,,iv4    ,place ! h&s1 at !    
half pa/ m>ks1 & let pupils tell        
individually :at "t x is4    ,let pupils
 place ! h&s at ! half pa/ m>ks z !     
tea*]  dictates4                        
,! ,qu>t] ,h\r4    ,develop ! qu>t] pa/ 
& qu>t] ( by ! same devices us$ =       
develop+ ! half pa/4    ,comb9e ! h\r1  
half h\r & qu>t] h\r ex]cises4          
,! ,m9utes4    ,! m9utes pa/ & m9utes ( 
may be taught by v>i\s me?ods1  accord+ 
to ! ability ( ! pupils4    ,_m ex]cises
 may be devis$ by ! tea*] besides ^! "h 
giv54                              ,%[  
,! ,pupils ,t3    ,! m9ute h& c\nts all 
! m9utes :ile ! h\r h& goes f  "o h\r to
 ano!r4    ,! m9ute h& goes twelve times
 z fa/ z ! h\r h&4    ,! m9ute h& c\nts 
twelve m9utes :ile ! h\r h& is go+ pa/  
"o m9ute4                               
,ex]cise ,v4    ,play x is d9n] "t1 & ! 
two h&s are home toge!r aga91 b  !y _c  

/op1 = x is _! duty to always keep go+4 
,n[ we f9d ! h\r h& has gone pa/ j "o   
m9ute4 ,x did n say  any?+ ab\t ! m9ute 
nor ev5 po9t at x because x nev] does  d
 t4 ,x j w5t pa/ twelve1 ! home h\r1 &  
!n pa/ "o  m9ute4    ,:at did ! m9ute h&
 d8    ,x c\nt$ twelve m9utes4    ,!n   
:at "t does ! big m9ute h& tell u t x   
is8    ,x tells u t x is twelve m9utes  
aft]1 or pa/ twelve4                    
,%[ ,! ,pupils ,t3    ,! m9ute h& gets  
home twelve times z (t5 z ! h\r h&4     
,! m9ute h& />ts f home j :5 ! h\r h&   
/>ts f an  h\r4    ,! numb] ( m9utes f  
home to ! m9ute h& is :at ! m9ute  h&   
has c\nt$ ea* "t1 & x %[s ! "t1 or      
m9utes pa/ an  h\r4    ,! numb] ( m9utes
 f ! m9ute h& ar\nd to home aga9 is :at 
! m9ute h& w h to c\nt ea* "t1 & x %[s !
 "t or  m9utes to an h\r1 or ( an h\r4  
,ex]cise ,,vi4    ,drill 9 plac+ h&s =  
pupils to tell ! "t4    ,dictate =      
pupils to place h&s4                    
,,miscellane\s ,,drill4      ,"o ( ! ma9
 objects ( "t drill 9 ! s*oolroom is to 

aid 9  effect+ ord]4    ,decorum acquir$
 f "t drills 9 ! s*oolroom *>act]ize    
pupils  on ! /reets1 9 public meet+s1 & 
9 society ev]y:]e4    ,! foll[+ "t      
drills are v b5eficial3 ,ex]cises 9 tim+
  pupils' "w & plays4    ,tra9+ pupils  
to keep "t to m>tial music by beat+     
/epp+ or  o!r movem5ts4    ,"o t little 
ones p>ticul>ly enjoy is to hipity-hop 9
 "t to  m>tial music4    ,any ex]cises 9
 /epp+1 beat+ or c\nt+ "t4    ,beat+ !  
measures :ile practic+ ! natural scale 9
 music4    ,practic+ k9d]g>t5 plays 9 "t
 to music or s++4    ,?or\gh tra9+ 9    
s*ool tactics4 ,all s*ool tactics t5d   
t[>d  develop+ ! faculty1 "t4 ,= ?is    
reason ! tea*] _c be too  zeal\s 9 tra9+
 x4    ,tea*+ ! "t table3      #fj      
seconds make a m9ute1    #fj m9utes make
 an h\r1    #bd h\rs make a day 7&      
night71    #g days make a week1    #d   
weeks make a mon?1    #ab mon?s make a  
ye>1    #ajj ye>s make a c5tury4        
,guess+ "t1 z3--    ,lett+ pupils guess 
! "t1 at any h\r4    ,lett+ pupils close

 _! eyes = a %ort p]iod1 & aft]w>d      
guess+ h[ long a "t x 04    ,lett+      
pupils guess h[ long x took !m to write 
or recite a c]ta9  lesson or to d a     
c]ta9 ?+4    ,recollection ( "t z3--    
,hav+ pupils recall ! h\r1 day1 week1   
mon? or season any ev5t  ) :i* !y are   
famili> occurr$4    ,hav+ pupils recall 
! l5g? ( "t t transpir$ betwe5 "o  ev5t 
& ano!r4    ,memoriz+ "t1 z3--          
,requir+ !m to rememb] ! "t or dates    
c]ta9 ev5ts are to take  place4         
,requir+ !m to rememb] appo9tm5ts4      
,measur+ "t1 z3--    ,lett+ pupils hold 
_! brea? :ile !y clap _! h&s "o "t1  two
 times1 ?ree times1 etc41 z f> z !y c4  
,lett+ pupils give a c]ta9 s\nd :ile    
tea*] holds up p5cil a  c]ta9 numb] (   
seconds4    ,sun "t3--    ,! sun rises 9
 ! ea/4    ,:5 ! sun rises x is morn+4  
,:5 ! sun %9es 9 at ! ea/ w9d[s x is    
=5oon4    ,:5 ! sun %9es /rait 9 at !   
s\? w9d[s x is noon4    ,:5 ! sun %9es  
/rait d[n on y1 s t y\r %ad[ is "r      
ar\nd y\r feet1 x is noon4    ,:5 ! sun 

%9es 9 at ! we/ w9d[s x is aft]noon4    
,! sun sets 9 ! we/4    ,:5 ! sun sets x
 is ev5+4    ,tea* ! abbreviations1 ,a4 
,m4 & ,p4 ,m4    ,h[ (t51 ,at times3--  
,h[ (t5 does ! sun rise 9 a day8 9 two  
days8 9 a week8 etc4 ,h[  (t5 does x    
ra94 ,h[ (t5 d we g to s*ool 9 a day8 9 
a week8  etc4 ,h[ (t5 does y\r bir?day  
come8 & l que/ions4    ,ages ( p]sons3--
    ,let pupils tell ! dates ( _!       
bir?days1 _! p>5ts' bir?days1  or dates 
( ! bir?days ( bro!rs1 si/]s or fri5ds4 
,9 "s "s way take special notice (1 or  
celebrate1 ! bir?days (  pupils :5 !y   
occur dur+ s*ool mon?s4    ,celebrate 9 
"s way also ! bir?days ( ! mo/ not$ m5 &
  wom54    ,spe$3--    ,/opp+1 beat+ or 
o!r movem5ts1 measur$3 sl[1 fa/4        
,practice exactness ( "t1 punctuality1  
y\rself2 *ildr5 le>n m  by example ?an  
by precept4    ,require x always ( y\r  
pupils4 ,tea* !m t 8,procra/9ation is  !
 ?ief ( "t40    ,tea* ! pupils to reg>d 
! clock z a true companion4    ,songs3--
    ,"t songs & clock songs4 ,! "t drill

 9 music _c be ov] done  s long z !     
int]e/ ( ! pupils is awak5$4    ,record 
( "t3--    ,require ! not+ ( dates at ! 
beg9n+ ( writt5 ex]cises4    ,tra9      
pupils to c>ry ! day ( ! mon?1 & ye>1   
,a4 ,d4    ,tea* ! abbreviation ,a4 ,d4 
& its mean+4    ,economy ( "t3--        
,tra9 pupils to economize "t1 by do+    
ev]y?+ ! be/ way &  & ! %orte/4         
,vigilance3--    ,all[ pupils to n[ & !n
 wat* ! clock & rise :5 ! h&s  indicate 
a c]ta9 h\r4    ,*ronology3--    ,let   
pupils write or give ! ord] ( ev5ts t   
occurr$ dur+ a  c]ta9 p]iod ( "t ) :i*  
!y are famili>4    ,ord]3--    ,h c]ta9 
days = do+ c]ta9 ?+s4    ,h regul> h\rs 
= regul> recitations1 ex]cises1 etc4    
,,specifi$ ,,"t4                        
,connect ) /ories & songs4              
,days ,( ,! ,week4    ,sunday1 ! day (  
devotion & re/1 ! ,sabba?4    ,monday1  
wa% day1 & fir/ s*ool day 9 ! week4     
,tuesday1 iron+ day4    ,w$nesday1 bak+ 
day4    ,?ursday4    ,friday1 ! la/     
s*ool day ( ! week4    ,saturday1 ! la/ 

day ( ! week1 & ! day on :i* we prep>e =
  ,sunday4                              
,mon?s4         ,w9t]1--,janu>y1        
,febru>y2         ,spr+1--,m>*1         
,april1                ,may2            
,summ]1--,june1                ,july1   
,augu/2         ,fall1--  ,septemb]1    
,octob]1                ,novemb]2       
,w9t]1--,decemb]4                       
,seasons4    ,w9t] is ! season ( ! ye>  
:5 ! gr\nd is :ite ) sn[4    ,spr+ is ! 
season :5 ! sn[ melts (f & ! birds come4
    ,summ] is ! season :5 all plants    
gr[4    ,fall1 or autumn is ! season :5 
! leaves turn1 & fall4                  
,holidays4    ,fix$ & movable4          
,newye>'s ,day1 ,janu>y #a4    ,/4      
,val5t9e's day1 ,febru>y #ad4    ,ea/]  
,sunday4    ,decoration ,day1 ,may #cj4 
,indep5d5ce ,day1 ,july #d4             
,?anksgiv+ ,day1    ,*ri/mas ,day1      
,decemb] #be1 ! bir?day ( ,*ri/4    ,!  
legal holidays ( ! /ate 9 :i* y live4   
,important days1--,arbor ,day1 etc4     
,transcrib]'s ,note3    ,words 9 italics

 are surr\nd$ by und]scores1 l ?is2 ^? 9
  bold are surr\nd$ by equal signs1 l   
?is4 ,f9al /ops miss+ at  ! end (       
s5t5ces & abbreviations 7 add$4         
,duplicate words at  l9e end+s 7 remov$4
    ,not$3 8/rait0 is us$ = 8/raight0   
sev]al places4    ,*anges3              
8pa/bo>d0 to 8pa/ebo>d0    8prece$+0 to 
8prec$+0    8anw]s0 to 8answ]s0         
8meaur$0 to 8measur$0    8,vigil5ce0 to 
8,vigilance0    8,novomb]0 to 8,novemb]0