,,my ,,dog ,,and ,i4 ,reproductions of any of the ,half-,tones of dogs published in 8,my ,dog and ,i10 printed on finest woodcut paper 7#i #ab7 ,,especially ,,for ,,framing1 will be sent to any address on receipt of price1 #be;c4 each4 ,h4 ,w4 ,,huntington1 #e ,west ,thirty-,ninth ,street1 ,new ,york ,city4 ,,my ,,dog ,,and ,i ,,being ,a ,,concise ,,treatise ,,of ,,the ,,various ,,breeds ,,of ,,dogs ,,their ,,origins ,,and ,,uses4 ,,written ,,expressly ,,for ,,the ,,novice ,,containing ,a ,,comprehensive ,,mode ,,of ,,treatment ,,both ,,in ,,health ,,and ,,sickness ,,together ,,with ,,the ,,names ,,of ,,some ,,prominent ,,breeders ,,by ,h4 ,w4 ,,huntington ,,president ,,of ,,the ,,national ,,greyhound ,,club ,,of ,,america ,,illustrated ,,with ,,half-,,tones ,,of ,,typical ,,dogs ,,original ,,marginal ,,illustrations ,,by ,,mr4 ,,neville ,,cain1 ,,clarenceville1 ,l4,i4 ,illustration ,,new ,,york ,,published ,,by ,,the ,,caxton ,,press #ahig ,copyright1 #ahig1 by ,h4 ,w4 ,,huntington4 ,,the ,,new ,,york ,,type-,,setting ,,company4 ,,contents4 ,,page ,,preface #g ,,bulldog ,english #i ,french #aa ,,chesapeake ,,bay ,,dog #ab ,,collie ,rough-coated #ad ,smooth-coated #af ,,dalmatian 7,coach-dog7 #ag ,,great ,,dane #ai ,,hound ,basset #ba ,beagle #bc ,bloodhound #be ,dachshund #bg ,deerhound #bi ,foxhound 7,american7 #ca ,foxhound 7,english7 #cb ,greyhound 7,english7 #cd ,harrier #cf ,greyhound 7,italian7 #cg ,otterhound #ci ,wolfhound 7,irish7 #da ,wolfhound 7,russian7 #dc ,,mastiff #de ,,mexican ,,hairless #dh ,,newfoundland #di ,,pointer #ea ,,pomeranian #ec ,,poodle ,black1 curly-coated #ee ,black1 corded #eg ,white-and-red #eg ,,pug ,fawn #eh ,black #ei ,,retriever ,black1 curly-coated #fj ,black1 flat- or wavy-coated #fb ,,st4 ,,bernard ,rough-coated #fd ,smooth-coated #ff ,,schipperke #fg ,,setter ,english #fi ,gordon #ga ,irish #gc ,,sheep-,,dog 7,old ,english or ,bobtail7 #ge ,,spaniel ,blenheim #ij ,clumber #gg ,cocker #gi ,field #ha ,irish ,water- #hc ,japanese #he ,king ,charles #ia ,prince ,charles #hi ,ruby #hi ,sussex #hg ,,terrier ,airedale #ic ,bedlington #ie ,black-and-tan #ig ,boston #ii ,bull #aja ,clydesdale #ajc ,dandie ,dinmont #aje ,fox 7,smooth-coated7 #ajg ,fox 7,wire-haired7 #aji ,irish #aaj ,maltese #aab ,paisley #ajc ,scottish #aac ,skye #aae ,toy #aaf ,welsh #aag ,white ,english #aai ,yorkshire #aba ,,whippet #abc ,,treatment ,,of ,,the ,,dog ,,in ,,health #abd ,,treatment ,,of ,,the ,,dog ,,in ,,sickness #acj ,,technical ,,terms #ach ,,breeders' ,,directory #adj ,,preface4 ,stonehenge1 ,shaw1 and others have at various times written exhaustive treatises on the dog1 its care in health and sickness2 and while there is no question but that they are invaluable to the owners of large kennels1 ,i consider that they are too complex for the novice who owns but one or two dogs4 ,they use very largely technical terms not thoroughly understood by the layman1 while certain treatments prescribed are quite impracticable except where one has a kennel-man4 ,besides1 ,i think not one of the above-named writers has ever told the novice what to avoid in selecting a puppy or a grown dog1 or what good points to insist upon4 ,recognizing all these facts1 and recalling how ,i strove twenty years ago to find some work that would aid me in my search for knowledge of the dog1 ,i have concluded to write a short treatise concerning its origin1 uses1 and all things pertaining to it1 that will aid the reader in learning its good points1 and bad ones too1 the proper scale of 8points0 that go to make up the perfect specimen1 the treatment in health and sickness1 and such other data as may be of value to him4 ,experience as a successful breeder and owner1 and having won many prizes largely through 8condition10 confirms me in the belief that ,i may perhaps be able to help a fancier in purchasing the proper kind of dog1 or1 if he already has one1 to aid him in keeping it in health1 to know its value1 and how to properly show it 7if he is so inclined71 so that its faults may be hidden to the greatest degree1 while its good points may become more pronounced4 ,perfection does not exist in either man or beast1 so we will strive to select that specimen which has the fewest and least noticeable faults1 remembering always that in the large breeds there are ten good little ones where there is one good large one4 ,if this work shall have aided any lover of the dog in any direction desired1 it shall have done its work4 ,if it shall have failed1 the public will surely be lenient in its criticism of ,,the ,,author4 ,,the ,,bulldog 7,,english74 ,illustration3 ,beaver ,brook ,kennels1 ,danvers1 ,mass4 ,,beaver ,,brook ,,sultan 7formerly ,rustic ,sultan74 ,,origin4--,as bull-baiting existed as far back as #abji1 the bulldog must have then existed1 but its origin is unknown4 ,,uses4--,formerly for baiting bulls1 but of late years1 since this 8sport0 has ceased to be indulged in1 it is simply kept as a watchdog and for exhibition4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,general appearance #aj ,skull #ae ,stop #e ,eyes #e ,ears #e ,face #e ,chops #e ,mouth #e ,neck and chest #e ,shoulders #e ,body #e ,back #e ,tail #e ,fore legs and feet #e ,hind legs and feet #e ,size #e ,coat #e --- ,total #ajj ,,note4--,an asterisk denotes that the 8scale of points1 etc410 given are those adopted by the ,specialty ,club of that particular breed2 the other 8scale of points1 etc410 are from 8,dogs of the ,british ,isles0 and ,mr4 ,rawdon ,b4 ,lee4 ,illustration ,,general ,,appearance4--,the general appearance of the bulldog is that of a smooth-coated1 thick-set1 broad1 powerful1 and compact dog4 ,head massive1 large in proportion to its size2 face extremely short2 muzzle broad1 blunt1 and inclined upward4 ,body short and well knit2 limbs stout and muscular2 hind quarters very high and strong1 but lightly made in comparison with its heavy fore parts4 ,the dog should convey the impression of determination1 strength1 and activity4 ,illustration ,,head4--,very large1 the larger the better2 forehead flat1 and skin about the head very loose1 hanging in large wrinkles2 frontal bones very prominent1 broad1 square1 and high1 causing a deep1 wide groove between the eyes1 called the stop1 which should be broad and deep and extend up the middle of the forehead4 ,eyes set low in skull1 as far from the ears as possible1 round1 very dark1 almost black1 and showing no white when looking forward4 ,ears set high1 small and thin1 8rose-ear0 preferred4 ,face short as possible1 with skin deeply wrinkled2 muzzle short1 broad1 turned upward1 and very deep from corner of eye to corner of mouth4 ,nose very large1 broad1 and black1 deeply set back1 almost between the eyes2 nostrils large1 wide1 and black1 with well-defined straight line between them4 ,flews thick1 broad1 pendent1 and very deep1 hanging over lower jaw at sides 7not in front74 ,teeth should show when mouth is closed2 jaw broad1 massive1 square1 and tusks wide apart2 lower jaw projects in front of upper1 and turns up1 with six small front teeth between tusks in an even row4 ,teeth strong and large4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,very deep1 thick1 and strong1 well arched1 with much loose skin at throat4 ,,shoulders4--,deep1 broad1 slanting1 and muscular2 chest wide and deep4 ,,back4--,short and strong1 very broad at shoulders1 comparatively narrow at loins1 and forming the 8roach0 or 8wheel0 back4 ,,body4--,well ribbed1 round1 deep1 with belly well tucked up4 ,,tail4--,set on low1 jutting out1 and then turned downward1 free from fringe or coarse hair1 rather short than long1 thick at root1 but tapering to a fine point carried downward1 and the dog should not be able to raise it above the back4 ,,fore ,,legs4--,wide apart1 very stout1 strong1 and straight2 pasterns short1 straight1 and strong2 fore feet straight2 toes compact and thick2 knuckles prominent and high4 ,,hind ,,legs4--,large1 muscular1 longer in proportion than fore legs2 hocks slightly bent2 lower part of legs short4 ,,coat4--,fine1 short1 close1 and smooth4 ,illustration ,,stifles4--,round1 turned outward4 ,on account of formation the dog walks with quick1 short step1 apparently skimming the ground4 ,,colors 7in order of merit74--,if bright and pure of its sort1 #ast1 brindles1 reds1 white1 with their varieties1 as whole fawns1 fallows1 etc42 #b;d1 pied and mixed colors4 ,,weight4--,fifty pounds4 ,,the ,,bulldog 7,,french74 ,illustration3 ,g4 ,n4 ,phelps's1 #bj ,tremont ,street1 ,boston1 ,mass4 ,,monsieur ,,boulot4 ,,origin4--,nothing definite can be learned of this breed of dogs4 ,many exhibitors claim that it is little else than a diminutive ,english bulldog1 bred originally in ,brussels and later 7about #ahfj7 in ,france1 with the exception that it has prick-ears and generally carries them erect1 as that term indicates4 ,its weight should not be over #bd pounds1 the lighter the better4 ,in ,france the breed is fast becoming very popular among the haut ton1 and promises to be well received here4 ,as yet there is neither a scale of points for judging nor a club to foster the breed1 so the reader will be obliged to consult the picture of ,mr4 ,g4 ,n4 ,phelps's winning dog1 ,monsieur ,boulot1 in order to form a correct idea as to its outline1 etc4 ,its exceeding intelligence is greatly in favor of its becoming a popular breed of pet dogs4 ,the extreme difficulty attending its breeding and rearing precludes the possibility of it ever becoming common4 ,at present even ordinary specimens are held at long prices4 ,illustration ,,the ,,chesapeake ,,bay ,,dog4 ,illustration3 ,robt4 ,millbank's1 #aed ,west ,forty-eighth ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,,pride4 ,illustration ,,origin4--,not known positively1 but probably a cross between the two ,labrador dogs that swam ashore from a sinking ship in ,chesapeake ,bay and the ,english water-spaniel4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,retrieving wild fowl from the water4 ,there are three classes of these dogs3 the otter1 tawny1 sedge-colored1 with very short hair2 the curly-haired and the straight-haired1 each red brown2 a white spot is not unusual4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #ae ,neck #e ,shoulders #aj ,chest #ae ,size #e ,loins #aj ,coat #ae ,tail #e ,feet #aj ,legs #aj --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,weight4--,dogs1 #hj pounds2 bitches1 #fe pounds4 ,,height4--,about #be inches in dogs2 #bc inches in bitches4 ,illustration ,measurements are as follows3 from fore toe to top of back1 #be inches2 tip of nose to base of head1 #aj inches2 girth of body1 #cc inches2 breast1 #i inches2 around fore foot1 #f inches2 around forearm below shoulder1 #g inches2 between eyes1 #b inches2 length of ears1 #e inches2 from occiput to root of tail1 #ce inches2 tail1 #af inches long2 around muzzle below eyes1 #aj inches4 ,illustration ,illustration ,the ,standard says nothing as to the dog's conformation4 ,the illustration1 therefore1 must be the guide4 ,,the ,,collie 7,,rough-,,coated74 ,illustration3 ,j4 ,pierpont ,morgan's1 ,new ,york4 ,,rufford ,,ormonde4 ,,origin4--,it is among the oldest of known breeds of dogs1 and probably came from ,india4 ,buffon1 the great writer1 considers it the parent of all dogs4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,attending flocks of sheep and herds of cattle4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and expression #ae ,ears #aj ,neck and shoulders #aj ,legs and feet #ae ,hind quarters #aj ,back and loins #aj ,tail #e ,coat with frill #bj ,size #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,general ,,appearance4--,a lithe1 active dog1 presenting an elegant1 pleasing outline1 and exhibiting strength1 speed1 and intelligence4 ,,head4--,moderately long1 covered with short1 soft hair2 skull flat1 moderately wide between the ears and tapering to the eyes2 very little stop2 skin on head very tightly drawn2 muzzle of fair length1 tapering to the nose1 which should always be black2 mouth a bit overshot4 ,eyes of fair size1 not prominent1 placed rather wide apart1 almond-shaped1 and set obliquely2 they may be any shade of brown1 the darker the better4 ,ears small1 covered with short1 soft hair1 and carried semi-erect when at attention1 at other times thrown back4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,long1 arched1 and muscular2 chest deep and narrow in front1 but wide behind the shoulders4 ,,back4--,short and level2 shoulders oblique2 loins rather long1 slightly arched1 and powerful4 ,illustration ,,legs4--,fore legs straight and muscular1 with a fair amount of flat bone2 hind legs sinewy2 hind quarters drooping slightly1 very long from hips to hocks2 stifles well bent2 hip bones rather wide and ragged1 and hocks well bent2 pasterns long1 springy1 and lighter in bone than rest of leg2 feet with soles well padded1 and the toes arched and compact4 ,,tail4--,moderately long1 carried low when quiet1 gaily when excited1 and almost straight when running4 ,,coat4--,an important point4 ,it should be abundant except on head and legs2 the outer coat straight1 hard1 and rather stiff1 the inner coat soft and furry and very dense1 so as to make it difficult to find the skin2 the frill very abundant2 hair on tail very profuse1 and on hips long and bushy2 fore legs slightly feathered2 hind legs below hocks smooth4 ,,color4--,immaterial4 ,illustration ,,height4--,dogs1 #ba to #bd inches2 bitches1 #b inches less4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #de to #fj pounds2 bitches1 #dj to #ej pounds4 ,,defects4--,domed skull2 high-peaked1 occipital bone2 heavy1 pendulous ears2 full1 soft eyes2 heavy1 feathered legs2 short tail4 ,illustration ,,the ,,collie 7,,smooth-,,coated74 ,illustration3 ,j4 ,carver's1 ,newburg1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,ben4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,origin1 ,,uses1 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 etc41 same as the rough collie1 except in matter of coat1 which should be hard1 dense1 and quite smooth4 ,,the ,,dalmatian 7,,coach-,,dog74 ,illustration3 ,j4 ,dickman ,brown's4 ,,perry4 ,,origin4--,probably indigenous to ,dalmatia1 a province of ,austria1 but records of the sixteenth century describe such a dog as belonging to ,spain4 ,the latest authentic trace is to ,denmark1 where it was used for drawing carts4 ,resembles the pointer in form4 ,,uses4--,simply to follow the coach or equestrian4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and eyes #aj ,ears #e ,neck and shoulders #aj ,body1 back1 chest1 and loins #aj ,legs and feet #ae ,coat #e ,color and markings #cj ,tail #e ,symmetry #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,strong1 muscular1 active2 free from coarseness2 capable of speed and great endurance4 ,,head4--,fair length2 skull flat1 broad between ears2 moderate stop1 and not in straight line from occiput to nose2 no wrinkles2 muzzle long and powerful2 lips clean cut1 fitting jaws closely4 ,eyes moderately wide apart1 medium size1 round1 bright4 ,in black-spotted dogs eyes are dark2 in livers1 light or light brown 7yellow74 ,rims around eyes black in black-spotted varieties1 and brown in the liver-spotted ones1 never flesh-colored4 ,ears set on high1 rather wide at base1 tapering1 carried close1 thin1 fine1 always spotted4 ,nose black in blacks1 brown in livers4 ,illustration ,,neck ,,and ,,shoulders4--,neck fairly long1 arched1 light1 tapering1 not throaty2 shoulders sloping and muscular4 ,,body1 ,,back1 ,,chest1 ,,and ,,loins4--,chest very deep1 not too wide2 ribs well sprung1 never rounded2 powerful back2 loins strong and arched4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs perfectly straight1 strong in bone2 elbows close to body2 cat-footed1 tough pads2 hocks well let down4 ,nails in black-spotted ones are black and white2 in liver-spotted1 brown and white4 ,illustration ,,tail4--,not too long1 tapering well to end1 carried with slight curl upward1 never curled2 the more profusely spotted1 the better4 ,,coat4--,short1 dense1 hard1 fine1 sleek1 and glossy1 never woolly nor silky4 ,,color ,,and ,,markings4--,ground color is pure unmixed white4 ,the spots of the black-spotted variety are black1 in liver-spotted variety are brown2 should not intermingle1 but be distinct1 and about size of ten-cent silver piece on body2 on head1 face1 ears1 legs1 and tail1 much smaller4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #ee pounds2 bitches1 #ej pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,great ,,dane4 ,illustration3 ,g4 ,a4 ,burt's1 ,parkersburg1 ,w4 ,va4 ,,major ,,mckinley ,,ii4 ,,origin4--,probably indigenous to ,germany1 where it was formerly known under the various names of ,ulmer1 ,german mastiff1 and boarhound4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,companion and guard for foresters and gamekeepers1 also for attacking the wild boar and other beasts4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,general appearance #c ,condition #c ,activity #e ,head #ae ,neck #e ,chest #h ,back #h ,belly #d ,tail #d ,fore quarters #aj ,hind quarters #aj ,feet #h ,coat #d ,size 7height7 #ac --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,large and muscular1 strongly but elegantly built2 movements easy and graceful2 not so heavy as the mastiff1 nor too much of the greyhound type4 ,illustration ,,head4--,long1 very little indentation between eyes2 skull not too broad2 muzzle broad1 strong1 and blunt2 cheek muscles well developed2 nose large1 bridge arched2 lips blunt1 not hanging too much over the sides2 lower jaw slightly projecting4 ,eyes small1 round1 deeply set1 sharp expression4 ,ears small1 greyhound-like1 usually cropped4 ,,neck4--,rather long1 strong and muscular1 well arched1 no dewlap4 ,,chest4--,not too broad1 very deep in brisket4 ,,back4--,not too long2 loins arched4 ,,stern4--,reaching to hocks1 strong at root1 ending fine with a slight curve2 should never curve over the back4 ,,belly4--,well drawn up4 ,,fore ,,quarters4--,shoulders sloping2 elbows well under1 straight2 legs heavy-boned1 strong1 and quite straight4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,thighs muscular2 hocks well let down1 as in the greyhound4 ,,feet4--,large and round2 toes well arched and close2 nails very strong and curved4 ,,hair4--,very short1 hard1 and close4 ,illustration ,,height 7minimum74--,dogs1 #cj inches2 bitches1 #bh inches4 ,,weight 7minimum74--,dogs1 #abj pounds2 bitches1 #ajj pounds4 ,nothing under these should compete4 ,,color4--,various shades of gray1 red1 black1 pure white1 or white with patches of above colors2 also brindles and mottled colors4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,basset74 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,,origin4--,probably of ,french origin1 yet closely allied to the dachshund1 though larger and heavier in every particular4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,having a very keen nose1 is used for the general purposes of the smaller hounds1 viz41 for rabbits4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head1 skull1 eyes1 muzzle1 and flews #ae ,ears #ae ,neck1 dewlap1 chest1 and shoulders #aj ,fore legs and feet #ae ,back1 loins1 and hind quarters #aj ,stern #e ,coat and skin #aj ,color and markings #ae ,character and symmetry #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,closely resembling the bloodhound's2 long1 narrow1 heavy flews2 occiput prominent2 forehead wrinkled to the eyes1 which should be kind and show the haw4 ,teeth small1 and the protruding of the upper jaw is not a fault4 ,ears so long that in hunting the dog treads on them1 set low1 hang loose in folds1 ends curl inward1 thin and velvety4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,powerful1 with heavy dewlaps2 elbows must not turn out2 chest deep and full2 body long and low4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs short 7about #d inches71 close-fitting to chest2 massive paw1 each toe standing out distinctly4 ,,stifles4--,well bent2 quarters muscular1 giving the dog a barrel-like shape and a peculiar waddling gait4 ,,stern4--,coarse underneath1 and carried hound fashion1 i4e41 carried gaily4 ,,coat4--,short1 smooth1 fine1 and glossy2 skin loose and elastic4 ,,color4--,black1 white and tan1 with black patches on back2 also sometimes hare-pied4 ,,weight4--,thirty to forty-five pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,beagle74 ,illustration3 ,h4 ,l4 ,kreuder's1 ,nanuet1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,frank ,,forest4 ,,origin4--,this breed seems to be little else than a diminutive foxhound2 has long been in existence2 probably one of the oldest of ,british dogs4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting rabbits1 and generally run in packs of five to ten couples2 they are merry little fellows1 sturdy and gamy1 with a most musical tongue and a very keen nose4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #e ,ears #ae ,eyes #aj ,muzzle1 jaw1 and lips #e ,neck #e ,shoulders and chest #aj ,back and loins #ae ,ribs #e ,fore legs and feet #aj ,hips1 thighs1 and hind legs #aj ,tail #e ,coat #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,skull moderately domed4 ,ears set on low1 long and fine in leather1 rather broad and rounded at tips1 absence of all erectile power4 ,eyes full1 prominent1 rather wide apart1 soft and lustrous4 ,muzzle medium length1 squarely cut2 stop well defined2 jaws level2 lips either free from or with moderate flews2 nostrils large4 ,,neck ,,and ,,throat4--,neck free in action1 strong1 yet not loaded2 throat clean1 free from folds of skin4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders somewhat sloping1 muscular1 but not loaded2 chest moderately broad and full4 ,,back1 ,,loins1 ,,and ,,ribs4--,back short and strong2 loins broad and slightly arched2 ribs well sprung4 ,illustration ,,fore ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs straight1 plenty of bone2 feet close1 firm1 either round or hare-like4 ,,hips1 ,,thighs1 ,,and ,,hind ,,legs4--,hips muscular2 stifles strong and well let down2 hocks firm4 ,,tail4--,carried gaily1 well up1 medium curve1 and clothed with a decided brush4 ,,height4--,fifteen inches4 ,,color4--,all hound colors admissible4 7,see ,foxhound47 ,,defects4--,flat skull2 short ears1 set on too high1 pointed at tips2 eyes yellow or light color2 muzzle snipy2 thick1 short neck2 elbows out2 knees knuckled over2 long tail with 8tea-pot0 curve4 ,,disqualifications4--,eyes close together and terrier-like2 thin rat-tail1 with absence of brush2 short1 nappy coat4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,bloodhound74 ,illustration3 ,j4 ,l4 ,winchell's1 ,fair ,haven1 ,vt4 ,,champion ,,victor4 ,,origin4--,in ,barbour's 8,bruce0 7#adhi7 we find the earliest mention of the bloodhound1 where it is called the 8sleuthhund40 ,however1 little can be learned definitely of its origin4 ,,uses4--,having scenting powers to a marvelous degree1 it is used in trailing wounded deer1 slaves1 sheep-stealers1 escaped convicts1 etc4 ,illustration ,,disposition4--,contrary to general impressions1 the modern bloodhound is of a most equable disposition1 kind and gentle1 and quite apt to be timid1 excepting when on the trail2 then it is extremely dangerous4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #ae ,ears and eyes #aj ,flews #e ,neck #e ,shoulders and chest #aj ,back and ribs #aj ,legs and feet #bj ,color and coat #aj ,stern #e ,symmetry #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,this is the most distinguishable feature of the dog2 it is domed1 blunt at occiput2 jaws very long and wide at nostrils1 hollow and very lean at cheek2 brows very prominent1 and the general expression is grand and majestic2 skin covering cheeks and forehead wrinkled to a wonderful degree4 ,illustration ,,eyes ,,and ,,ears4--,eyes hazel1 rather small1 deeply sunk1 showing haw1 which is deep red4 ,this redness1 some claim1 is indicative of cross with mastiff1 ,gordon setter1 or ,st4 ,bernard4 ,ears long1 and will overlap when drawn over front of nose1 hang close to cheek1 never inclined to be pricked2 leather thin1 covered with soft hair4 ,,flews4--,very long and pendent1 falling below mouth4 ,,neck4--,long1 so as to enable the dog to easily drop his nose to the ground2 considerable dewlap4 ,,chest ,,and ,,shoulders4--,chest wider than deep2 shoulders sloping and muscular4 ,,back ,,and ,,back ,,ribs4--,wide and deep1 the hips being wide or almost ragged4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs must be straight and muscular2 feet as cat-like as possible4 ,,coat4--,short and hard on body1 silky on ears and top of head4 ,,color4--,black and tan or tan only2 the black extends to the back1 sides1 top of neck1 and top of head2 the tan should be of deep1 rich red2 there should be little or no white4 ,,stern4--,carried gaily in gentle curve1 but not raised above back2 lower side is fringed with hair4 ,,defect4--,absence of black4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,dachshund74 ,illustration3 ,j4 ,h4 ,snow's1 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,,fritz4 ,,origin4--,the origin of this dog is lost in antiquity4 ,a dog resembling it very closely is to be found on the monument of ,thothmes ,,iii41 #bjjj ,b4,c4 ,the modern dog is essentially ,german4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting rabbits and hares1 tracking wounded animals and badgers4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and skull #ab ,jaw #e ,legs and feet #bj ,loins #h ,body #h ,symmetry and quality #aa ,ears #f ,chest #g ,skin and coat #ac ,stern #e ,color #d --- ,total #ajj ,,head ,,and ,,skull4--,long1 level1 narrow2 peak well developed2 no stop4 ,eyes intelligent and rather small2 follow body in color4 ,ears long1 broad1 soft1 set on low and well back1 carried close to head4 ,jaws strong1 level1 square to the muzzle2 canines recurvant4 ,,chest4--,deep1 narrow2 breast-bone prominent4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs very short1 strong in bone1 well crooked1 not standing over2 elbows well muscled1 neither in nor out2 feet large1 round1 strong1 with thick pads and strong nails4 ,hind legs smaller in bone and higher2 feet smaller4 ,the dog must stand equally on all parts of the foot4 ,,skin ,,and ,,coat4--,skin thick1 loose1 supple1 and in great quantity2 coat dense1 short1 and strong4 ,illustration ,,loins4--,well arched1 long1 and muscular4 ,,stern4--,long and strong1 flat at root1 tapering to tip2 hair on under side coarse2 carried low except when excited4 ,,body4--,length from back of head to root of tail two and a half times height at shoulder2 fore ribs well sprung2 back ribs very short4 ,,color4--,any color2 nose to follow body color2 much white objectionable4 ,,symmetry ,,and ,,quality4--,the dachshund should be long1 low1 and graceful1 not cloddy4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #ba pounds2 bitches1 #ah pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,deerhound74 ,illustration3 ,albion ,l4 ,page's1 #fi ,wall ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,,lochiel4 ,,origin4--,undoubtedly descended from the ,irish wolfhound1 though some claim it to be either a cross of foxhound and greyhound1 or greyhound and bloodhound4 ,it is first mentioned in #aebh as a distinct breed4 ,,uses4--,hunting deer4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and skull #ae ,eyes and ears #aj ,neck and chest #aj ,body #aj ,thighs and hocks #ab ,legs and feet #aj ,coat #h ,stern #e ,color #e ,symmetry #ae --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,skull resembles that of a coarse1 large greyhound1 long and wide between ears2 stop very slight4 ,jaws long2 teeth level and strong2 nostrils open1 but not very wide2 cheeks muscular2 bone under eye neither prominent nor hollow4 ,ears small1 thin1 carried a trifle higher than those of the greyhound1 but should turn over at tips2 pricked ears very objectionable2 they should be thinly fringed with hair at edges only4 ,eyes full1 and dark hazel1 sometimes blue4 ,,neck4--,long enough to allow the dog to stoop to the scent at a fast pace4 ,illustration ,,chest ,,and ,,shoulders4--,chest deep rather than wide1 resembling that of greyhound2 girth of a full-size dog deerhound should be at least #b inches greater than its height2 shoulders long1 oblique1 and muscular4 ,,back ,,and ,,back ,,ribs4--,back should be powerful2 a good loin should measure #be or #bf inches2 back ribs are often rather shallow1 but they should be well sprung2 loins arched1 drooping to root of tail4 ,,elbows ,,and ,,stifles4--,elbows well let down to give length to true arm1 and quite straight2 stifles wide apart1 well bent4 ,,symmetry is essential to its position as a companionable dog4 ,,quality is also to be regarded as of great importance4 ,,legs ,,and ,,quarters4--,great bone and muscle are essential2 the bones must be well put together at knees and hocks1 which should be long and well developed2 quarters deep1 but seldom wide1 with considerable slope to tail4 ,,feet4--,well arched and cat-like4 ,illustration ,,color ,,and ,,coat4--,the colors are dark blue1 fawn1 grizzle1 and brindle1 the latter with more or less tint of blue2 the fawn should have tips of ears dark2 the grizzle generally has a decided tint of blue2 white on breast or toes should not disqualify a dog4 ,coat is coarser on back than elsewhere1 and many claim it should be intermediate between silk and wool1 and not the coarse hair often met with4 ,the whole body is clothed with a rough coat1 sometimes amounting to shagginess2 that of muzzle is longer in proportion than elsewhere1 but the mustache should not be wiry1 and should stand out in irregular tufts2 there should be no approach to feather on legs1 but their inside should be hairy4 ,,tail4--,long and gently curved1 without any twist1 thinly clothed with hair only4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,american ,,foxhound74 ,illustration3 ,f4 ,j4 ,hagan's1 ,louisville1 ,ky4 ,,big ,,strive4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,origin4--,a breed of dogs descended from the ,english species1 but bred on lighter and finer lines4 ,for uses and scale of points1 see ,english ,foxhound4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,english ,,foxhound74 ,illustration3 ,mc,gregor ,bragdon's1 ,portsmouth1 ,n4 ,h4 ,,songster4 ,,origin4--,a breed probably indigenous to ,great ,britain1 and quite ancient too4 ,its absolute origin is unknown4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting foxes and deer 7giving tongue when in full chase72 also in ,america for hounding deer1 moose1 and other large game4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #ae ,neck #e ,shoulders #aj ,chest and back ribs #aj ,back and loins #aj ,hind quarters #aj ,elbows #e ,legs and feet #bj ,color and coat #e ,stern #e ,symmetry #e --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,full size1 but not heavy2 brow pronounced1 but not high2 of good length1 so girth will be #af inches4 ,nose long and wide4 ,ears low set on and lying close to cheeks4 ,,neck4--,long and clean1 without throatiness4 ,illustration ,,shoulders4--,long1 well muscled1 sloping1 and the true arm long and muscular4 ,,chest ,,and ,,back ,,ribs4--,girth of chest over #cj inches in #bd-;inch-tall hound2 back ribs very deep4 ,,back ,,and ,,loins4--,very muscular2 couplings wide even to raggedness1 with slight arch of loins4 ,illustration ,,hind ,,quarters4--,very strong1 as great endurance is required2 elbows set straight1 neither in nor out4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs as straight as gun-barrels and as strong2 large size of bone at ankle all-important2 feet round1 cat-like1 and strong4 ,illustration ,,color ,,and ,,coat4--,color black tan and white1 black and white1 and various pies of white and the color of the hare and badger2 coat dense1 short1 hard1 and glossy4 ,,stern4--,generally arched1 carried gaily over back1 fringed with hair1 and tapering to a point4 ,,symmetry considerable1 and quality should be evident4 ,,the ,,hound 7,,english ,,greyhound74 ,illustration3 ,woodhaven ,kennels1 ,woodhaven1 ,l4 ,i4 ,,champion ,,spinaway4 ,illustration ,,origin4--,beyond question the oldest breed of dogs known1 as on the pyramids of ,egypt1 obelisks1 and ancient carved columns it is found in bold relief1 with the same outlines as shown in the above illustration4 ,in its native state it is quite devoid of courage1 so the bitches are bred to bulldogs1 and that product1 showing most greyhound form and bulldog character1 is then bred to a greyhound dog1 continuing this same last breeding until in the fifth generation we produce the dog of the present day1 which has indomitable courage1 wonderful speed and endurance1 and is possessed of a desire to kill4 ,the name 8greyhound0 is a corruption of 8gazehound10 signifying that the dog hunts its quarry by sight and not by scent4 ,in ,england and ,italy none but the nobility were formerly allowed to own a greyhound1 and the killing of one was then considered a felony4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,coursing hares and rabbits1 and in addition1 in our ,western ,states1 for killing foxes1 coyotes1 and wolves1 though it is rarely able single-handed to kill the latter1 on account of their size and ferocity4 ,illustration ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and eyes #aj ,neck #aj ,chest and fore quarters #bj ,loins and back ribs #ae ,hind quarters #bj ,feet #ae ,coat #e ,tail #e --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,long and narrow1 fairly large between the ears1 well filled out before the eyes1 little or no stop1 jaws lean1 and eyes bright and tolerably full4 ,ears small and folding down when at rest1 but raised when animated4 ,teeth must be strong1 and mouth level4 ,,neck4--,a trifle arched1 and sufficiently long to enable the dog to easily pick up a hare when in full stride4 ,,shoulders4--,placed as obliquely as possible4 ,,chest4--,fairly deep1 and sufficiently wide to give free action to the heart and lungs4 ,,fore ,,legs4--,straight1 of good bone1 and length from elbow to knee twice that from knee to ground4 ,,feet4--,the cat-foot is considered best4 ,,loins4--,strong1 but not too broad2 back powerful and somewhat arched4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,very muscular2 stifles strong and well bent2 hocks well let down4 ,illustration ,illustration ,,tail4--,rat-like1 fine1 long1 and somewhat curved1 and with little hair on it4 ,,color4--,greyhounds are of any color1 parti or solid4 ,,disposition4--,kind and amiable1 rarely otherwise4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #fj pounds2 bitches1 #ej pounds4 ,,objectionable ,,features4--,yellow or white eyes2 prick-ears2 dish-face2 long1 separated toes2 lightness of bone2 weak back2 straight stifles2 undershot or overshot4 ,,the ,,hound 7,,harrier74 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,illustration ,,origin4--,is little else than a small-sized ,english foxhound4 ,by some considered to be cross of 8,southern hound0 and beagle4 ,,uses4--,hunting the hare1 sometimes foxes and deer4 ,illustration ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #aj ,neck #e ,shoulders #aj ,chest and back ribs #aj ,back and loins #aj ,hind quarters #ae ,elbows #e ,legs and feet #bj ,color and coat #e ,stern #e ,symmetry #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,the points are same as those of the ,english foxhound1 except that the head is wider and heavier1 nose longer and broader1 ears set farther backward1 not rounded4 ,,height4--,sixteen to twenty inches4 ,,the ,,hound 7,,italian ,,greyhound74 ,illustration3 ,frank ,h4 ,hoyt1 ,sharon1 ,pa4 ,,trixie4 ,,origin4--,little is known of the origin of this breed beyond the fact that ,italy and the south of ,france are supposed to be where it originated4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,a purely pet dog1 exceedingly delicate and fragile4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #ae ,neck1 ears1 and eyes #ae ,legs1 feet1 and fore quarters #aj ,hind quarters #aj ,tail and coat #aj ,color #aj ,symmetry #bj ,size #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,if possible should be like the ,english greyhound's1 but such formation is now rarely met with4 ,in all recent exhibits the skull is more or less round1 and face1 though still pointed1 is too short1 with tendency to turn up4 ,,neck4--,long and elegant1 resembling closely its larger congener4 ,,ears ,,and ,,eyes4--,ears an exact counterpart of the ,english greyhound's1 though always somewhat enlarged in comparison with body4 ,eyes much larger proportionately1 soft and languishing1 but should never weep2 color of iris is usually a dark brown4 ,,legs1 ,,feet1 ,,and ,,fore ,,quarters4--,same as the greyhound's4 ,illustration ,,hind ,,quarters4--,as with the last two paragraphs1 the only difference lies in comparative value1 the ,english dog's points being estimated from the workmanlike view1 while the ,italian is regarded from an artistic standpoint4 ,,tail4--,somewhat shorter than the ,english dog's1 but it must be gently curved in same tobacco-pipe way1 fine in bone1 except at root1 as well as free from hair4 ,,coat4--,short1 soft1 and silky4 ,,color4--,largely to be taken into consideration1 and is consequently estimated at a high figure4 ,fawns are now far in the ascendant1 and to no other color should the full value be accorded4 ,a small star on breast or white toe takes off a point or two1 according to extent of white1 but in all cases toe-nails should be dark4 ,,symmetry4--,must be carefully estimated1 as a want of elegance in detail or of combination in due proportion alike lowers the value of these points separately to a very low ebb4 ,it is a high-stepping little aristocrat4 ,,size4--,bitch for modern successful exhibition should be little over #e pounds1 nor should the dog exceed #g or #g pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,otterhound74 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,,origin4--,nothing positive is known about it1 but probably a cross of ,welsh harrier1 8,southern hound10 and a terrier1 though some say it is of bloodhound extraction4 ,the breed is very old4 ,,uses4--,for hunting the otter and other water-animals4 ,illustration ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #aj ,jaws #aj ,eyes #e ,ears #aj ,chest and shoulders #ae ,body and loins #ae ,legs and feet #aj ,coat #aj ,stern #e ,symmetry and strength #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,always excepting coat1 it much resembles the bloodhound2 it should be perfect in symmetry1 strongly built1 hard and enduring1 with unfailing powers of scent and a natural antipathy to the game it is bred to pursue4 ,,head4--,large1 broader in proportion than the bloodhound's2 forehead high2 muzzle a fair length1 and nostrils wide4 ,ears long1 thin1 and pendulous1 fringed with hair4 ,,neck4--,not naturally long1 and looks shorter than it really is from the abundance of hair on it4 ,illustration ,,shoulders4--,slope well4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs straight1 and feet a good size2 compact4 ,,back4--,strong and wide2 ribs1 and particularly the back ribs1 well let down4 ,,thighs4--,big and firm1 and hocks well let down4 ,,stern4--,well and thickly covered with hair1 and carried well up1 but not curled4 ,,colors are generally grizzle or sandy1 with black and tan more or less clearly defined4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,irish ,,wolfhound74 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,,origin4--,lost in antiquity2 considered by some to be the parent of the deerhound4 ,good specimens are rarely to be met with these days4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting wolves1 and frequently deer4 ,description from ,mr4 ,rawdon ,b4 ,lee's 8,modern ,dogs0 7,sporting74 ,,general ,,appearance4--,not so heavy or massive as the ,great ,dane1 but more so than the deerhound1 which in general type it should otherwise resemble4 ,of great size and commanding appearance2 very muscular2 strongly1 though gracefully1 built2 movements easy and active2 head and neck carried high2 tail carried with upward sweep1 with a slight curve toward the extremity4 ,,head4--,long2 frontal bones of forehead very slightly raised1 and very little indentation between eyes2 skull not too broad2 muzzle long and moderately pointed4 ,ears small and greyhound-like in carriage4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,rather long1 very strong and muscular1 well arched1 without dewlap or loose skin about throat4 ,,chest4--,very deep2 breast wide4 ,,back4--,rather long than short2 loins arched4 ,,tail4--,long1 slightly curved1 moderate thickness1 well covered with hair4 ,,belly4--,well drawn up4 ,,fore ,,quarters4--,shoulders muscular1 giving breadth of chest1 set sloping2 elbows well under1 neither turned inward nor outward2 forearm muscular2 the whole leg strong and quite straight4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,muscular thighs1 and second thigh long and strong1 as in greyhound2 hocks well let down1 turned neither in nor out4 ,,feet4--,moderately large and round1 neither turned inward nor outward2 toes well arched and closed2 nails very strong1 and curved4 ,,hair4--,rough and hard on body1 legs1 and head2 especially wiry and long over eyes and under jaw4 ,illustration ,,color ,,and ,,markings4--,the colors are gray1 brindle1 red1 black1 pure white1 fawn1 or any color that appears in the deerhound4 ,,height ,,and ,,weight4--,minimum height and weight of dogs is #ca inches and #abj pounds2 of bitches1 #bh inches and #ij pounds4 ,anything below this should be debarred from competition4 ,great size is the desideratum to be aimed at4 ,,defects4--,too light or heavy a head2 too highly arched frontal bone2 large ears1 and hanging flat to face2 short neck2 full dewlap2 too narrow or too broad a chest2 sunken1 or hollow1 or quite straight back2 bent fore legs1 overbent fetlocks1 twisted feet1 spreading toes2 too curly a tail2 weak hind quarters and a general want of muscle2 too short in body4 ,illustration ,,the ,,hound 7,,russian ,,wolfhound74 ,illustration3 ,george ,m4 ,keasbey's1 ,newark1 ,n4 ,j4 ,,optimist4 ,illustration ,,origin4--,the ,russians do not seem to have an exact or even a clear idea as to the origin of this breed4 ,it in all probability came from ,persia1 as it is more like the dog of that nation than it is like the deerhound4 ,it is of the greyhound family1 however4 ,,uses4--,attacking wolves and foxes1 though it can rarely single-handed kill the former4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and muzzle #ae ,eyes and ears #aj ,neck and chest #aj ,back and loins #ae ,ribs #e ,thighs and hocks #aj ,legs and feet #aj ,stern #e ,coat #e ,general symmetry #ae --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,generally very long1 and lean throughout2 flat1 narrow skull2 stop hardly perceptible2 long snout4 ,nose black1 and frequently ,roman4 ,eyes dark1 expressive1 oblong4 ,ears small2 thin leather2 set on high2 tips almost touching when thrown back4 ,,neck4--,not too short1 nor rising straight4 ,,shoulders4--,clean and sloping4 ,,chest4--,somewhat narrow1 but not hollow4 ,illustration ,,back4--,rather bony1 and free from any hollow2 well arched in male1 but level and broad in female2 loins broad and drooping2 ribs deep1 not so well sprung as in the greyhound1 reaching to elbow4 ,,fore ,,legs4--,lean and straight4 ,,hind ,,legs4--,somewhat under body when standing still2 not straight2 stifles only slightly bent2 legs not too far apart2 pasterns short4 ,,feet4--,long toes1 closely joined2 nails short and strong2 feet covered with fur like a hare4 ,,coat4--,long1 soft1 silky4 ,,tail4--,long and sickle-shaped4 ,,color4--,any color4 ,,height ,,and ,,weight4--,height for a dog1 from #bh to #ca inches at shoulder2 bitch1 about #b inches less4 ,the male should be shorter in body than the female4 ,weight3 dog1 #ge to #ajj pounds2 bitch1 #fj to #ge pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,mastiff4 ,illustration3 ,,champion ,,beaufort',s ,,black ,,prince4 ,,origin4--,its origin is purely conjectural4 ,it certainly is a dog of the ,british ,isles1 as at the time of ,csar it was in existence there4 ,,uses4--,a grand1 awe-inspiring dog2 an excellent guardian1 courageous and most companionable4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,shape of skull #aj ,girth of skull #aj ,ears--carriage and size #e ,muzzle--bluntness1 breadth1 depth1 lips1 color 7each #c points7 #ae ,neck #d ,breadth of breast #d ,loins and back #d ,girth of chest #d ,shoulders #d ,length #d ,thighs #c ,stern #c ,legs #c ,feet #b ,size1 height1 and general appearance of bulk #ae ,coat #e ,fawns1 dark ears and muzzle1 or brindle with dark ears and muzzle #e --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,character4--,large1 massive1 powerful1 symmetrical1 and well knit2 a combination of grandeur and good nature1 courage and docility4 ,,head4--,square when viewed from any point2 breadth greatly to be desired1 and should be in ratio to length of the whole head and face as #b to #c4 ,,body4--,massive1 broad1 deep1 long1 powerfully built2 legs wide apart1 squarely set2 muscles sharply defined2 size a great desideratum if combined with quality2 height of less importance than substance4 ,,skull4--,broad between ears2 forehead flat1 wrinkled2 muscles of temples and cheeks well developed2 arch across skull a rounded1 flattened curve1 and a depression up center of forehead4 ,illustration ,,face ,,or ,,muzzle4--,short1 broad under eyes1 keeping nearly parallel in width to end of nose2 blunt1 cut off square1 thus forming a right angle with upper line of face1 of great depth from point of nose to under jaw2 under jaw broad to end4 ,teeth powerful1 wide apart2 incisors level1 or the lower projecting beyond the upper1 but never sufficiently so as to become visible when mouth is closed4 ,length of muzzle to whole head and face as #a to #c2 circumference of muzzle 7between eyes and nose7 to that of head 7before the ears7 as #c to #e4 ,ears small1 thin1 wide apart1 set on high1 flat1 and close to cheeks when in repose4 ,eyes small1 wide apart1 divided by at least the space of two eyes2 stop well marked1 but not too abrupt2 color hazel brown1 the darker the better1 showing no haw4 ,nose broad1 with widely spreading nostrils2 flat 7not pointed nor turned up74 ,lips slightly pendulous4 ,,neck4--,slightly arched1 moderately long1 very muscular4 ,,chest4--,wide1 deep1 well let down2 ribs arched and well rounded2 false ribs deep and well set back to hips4 ,,shoulder ,,and ,,arm4--,slightly sloping1 heavy and muscular4 ,,fore ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,straight1 strong1 set wide apart2 bones very large2 elbows square2 pasterns upright4 ,feet large and round2 toes well arched up2 nails black4 ,,back1 ,,loins1 ,,and ,,flanks4--,wide and muscular2 flat and very wide in a bitch1 slightly arched in a dog4 ,,hind ,,quarters ,,and ,,thighs4--,broad1 wide1 muscular2 well-developed second thighs2 stifles straight2 hocks bent1 wide apart1 and squarely set when standing or walking2 feet round and without dew-claws4 ,,tail4--,put on high up1 reaching to hocks1 or a little below2 wide at root1 tapering2 hanging straight in repose1 but forming a curve with end pointing upward1 but not over the back1 when the dog is excited4 ,,coat4--,short and close-lying1 not too fine over shoulders1 neck1 and back4 ,,color4--,apricot or silver fawn1 or dark fawn-brindle2 muzzle1 ears1 and nose should be black1 with black round the orbits and extending upward between them4 ,fawns and brindles without dark points1 reds without black muzzle1 and pies1 award no points for color4 ,,weight4--,dogs #bg inches should weigh #abj pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,mexican ,,hairless4 ,illustration3 ,mrs4 ,h4 ,t4 ,foote's1 ,new ,rochelle1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,me ,,too4 ,,origin4--,one of the oldest of known breeds1 being found nearly all over the world1 but best known as coming from ,mexico1 where its origin is unknown4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,a pet dog4 ,,description4--,a smart-looking sort of terrier of some kind1 with perhaps a bit of greyhound blood in it4 ,there is no scale of points1 nor is there any club organized to foster the breed4 ,it is entirely devoid of hair1 except sometimes a tuft or crest on its head and a few straggling hairs on various parts of the body4 ,it is a lively little fellow1 mostly of a brown color1 and1 though devoid of hair1 can stand the cold very well4 ,it has a rounded body1 a bit cobby in appearance1 with somewhat of a terrier head4 ,weight is about #ae pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,newfoundland4 ,illustration3 ,,boodles1 ,,esq4 ,,origin4--,indigenous to ,newfoundland1 from which it takes its name4 ,this dog is probably a cross of some of the ,european dogs1 some writers claiming that it shows the blood of both the ,st4 ,bernard and the water-spaniel4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,a good companion1 and a water-dog as well4 99 ,no ,scale of ,points adopted4 ,,head4--,broad1 massive1 flat on skull2 occipital bone well developed2 no decided stop4 ,muzzle short1 clean cut1 and rather square in shape4 ,,coat4--,flat1 dense1 of coarsish texture1 oily4 ,,body4--,well ribbed up2 broad back2 neck strong1 and muscular loins4 ,,fore ,,legs4--,straight1 muscular2 elbows well let down1 and feather all over4 ,,hind ,,quarters ,,and ,,legs4--,hind quarters very strong2 free action of legs1 which should have little feather4 ,dew-claws should be removed4 ,,chest4--,deep1 fairly broad1 well covered with hair1 but no frill4 ,,bone4--,massive1 but not giving a heavy appearance4 ,,feet4--,large2 splayed or turned-out feet objectionable4 ,,tail4--,moderate length 7to hocks72 well covered with long hair1 but no flag2 in repose it should hang downward with a curve at end4 ,tails with kinks in them or carried over the back are objectionable4 ,,ears4--,small1 set well back1 square with the skull1 close to head1 and covered with short hair2 no fringe4 ,,eyes4--,small1 dark brown1 deeply set1 but showing no haw2 wide apart4 ,,color4--,jet black2 a tinge of bronze or splash of white on chest and toes not objectionable4 ,,height ,,and ,,weight4--,average height is #bg inches for dog1 and #be inches for bitch2 weight1 #ajj and #he pounds respectively4 ,,defects4--,slack loins and cow-hocked4 ,illustration ,,the ,,pointer4 ,illustration3 ,westminster ,kennel ,club1 ,babylon1 ,l4 ,i4 ,,king ,,of ,,kent4 ,,origin4--,the dog originally came from ,spain1 was imported into ,great ,britain1 and undergoing many changes1 no doubt by crossing with the foxhound1 is to-day a vast improvement on the parent stock4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting all kinds of game-birds4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #aj ,nose #aj ,ears1 eyes1 and lips #d ,neck #f ,shoulders and chest #ae ,hind quarters and stifles #ae ,legs1 elbows1 and hocks #ab ,feet #h ,tail #e ,coat #c ,color #e ,symmetry and quality #g --- ,total #ajj ,brains1 nose1 and speed make the pointer4 ,the countenance should be lively and intelligent4 ,illustration ,,head4--,large1 flat2 stop well defined1 and with a depression running from stop to occiput4 ,the head should not be heavy1 as this indicates coarseness and an unreliable disposition4 ,a full development of occipital bone is indispensable4 ,nose large1 long1 broad 7black in all except lemons and whites1 when it should be deep flesh color71 deep enough to make it 8square0-muzzled2 nostrils large and open4 ,ears moderately long1 filbert-shaped1 and lying flat2 set low2 leather thin and flexible2 coverings silky4 ,eyes medium size1 not set wide apart1 and of the various shades of brown1 varying with color of coat4 ,lips full2 not thick nor pendulous4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,arched1 round1 firm1 and not too short2 no tendency to throatiness2 no dewlap4 ,,shoulders4--,long1 sloping1 and powerful4 ,,chest4--,deep1 with narrow sternum1 sloping backward to a well-tucked-up abdomen2 ribs moderately sprung1 not flat4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,loins should be broad and slightly arched2 hips thick1 strong1 and muscular2 stifles are generally straight1 but should be well bent4 ,,legs4--,good legs are most essential2 front legs should be straight and strong1 hind legs well crooked1 and both should be covered with strong1 compact muscles1 well developed2 the elbow- and hock-joints should be hinged long and set straight with sides of body4 ,illustration ,,feet4--,with surface enough to sustain the weight1 but not too large2 round and cat-like2 pads full and tough2 nails short and thick1 with plenty of hair between toes4 ,,tail4--,set on well up1 and should taper to a decided point2 the straighter it is1 the better4 ,it should be carried low1 and the action should be free4 ,,coat4--,fairly dense1 and not too soft4 ,,color4--,liver and white1 black and white1 orange and white1 whole black1 or whole liver1 this being the order of preference4 ,illustration ,,the ,,pomeranian4 ,illustration3 ,,norman4 ,,nellie4 ,illustration ,,origin4--,pomerania1 on the ,baltic ,sea1 is probably its home2 it may1 however1 have come from the arctic regions1 as it closely resembles the ,samoyeds and ,eskimo dogs4 ,,uses4--,a pet dog4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points4 ,value4 ,head #aj ,muzzle #e ,ears and eyes #e ,shoulders #e ,chest #e ,loins #aj ,legs #aj ,feet #aj ,coat #ae ,color #ae ,tail #e ,symmetry #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,resembles greatly that of collie1 being even more tapering and fox-like2 a slight furrow down middle of forehead1 and more brow than in that dog2 very prominent occiput2 muzzle collie-like2 nose black at tip1 even in perfectly white specimens2 also a slight tendency in upper teeth to be overshot4 ,,ears ,,and ,,eyes4--,ears perfectly pricked1 small1 and neat in shape4 ,eyes large1 dark brown1 and set obliquely1 close together4 ,,shoulders4--,oblique4 ,,chest4--,generally round1 with back ribs shallow4 ,,loins4--,frequently defective from shallow back ribs4 ,,legs4--,straight1 muscular1 with elbows well let down2 good1 strong stifles2 clean hocks4 ,,feet4--,small1 round1 cat-like2 thin1 and unfit for road-work4 ,,coat4--,like very coarse fur1 with under coat furry also2 face is bare of hair4 ,,color4--,jet black without white2 pure white is allowable1 also red4 ,,tail4--,carried over back on one side 7left72 heavily feathered4 ,,symmetry4--,of the spitz style4 ,,weight4--,limit1 #bj pounds2 #g pounds preferred4 ,illustration ,,the ,,poodle 7,,black1 ,,curly-,,coated74 ,illustration3 ,h4 ,g4 ,trevor's1 ,southampton1 ,l4 ,i4 ,,champion ,,milo4 ,,origin4--,there is little doubt but that the poodle of to-day finds its origin in the old 8water-dog0 of ,france1 where it was not only used for retrieving wounded water-fowl1 but for swimming-contests1 when the hind parts were clipped or shaven in order to give freer action to the legs4 ,,uses4--,a very bright1 intelligent companion1 and a good retriever4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head1 muzzle1 and eyes #bj ,neck and chest #e ,back and loins #aj ,legs and feet #ae ,stern #e ,coat #bj ,color #aj ,symmetry #ae --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,strong1 active1 intelligent1 cobby in build1 and perfectly coated with close curls or long 8cords40 ,illustration ,,head4--,long2 skull large1 wide between the eyes1 slight peak2 parts over eyes well arched2 the whole covered with curls or cords4 ,muzzle long 7not snipy71 slightly tapering1 not too deep2 stop well defined4 ,teeth level and strong2 black roof of mouth preferable4 ,eyes medium size1 dark1 bright1 and set at right angles with the line of face4 ,nose large1 perfectly black2 wide-open nostrils4 ,ears very long1 close to cheek1 low set1 and well covered with ringlets or curls4 ,,neck4--,very strong1 admitting head to be carried high4 ,,chest4--,fairly deep1 but not too wide1 well covered with muscles4 ,,legs4--,fore legs perfectly straight1 and not so long as to be leggy2 hind legs muscular1 well bent1 with hocks low down4 ,,feet4--,strong1 slightly spread1 standing well on toes2 nails black2 pads large and hard4 ,,back4--,fair length2 well-ribbed-up body2 loins strong and muscular4 ,,tail4--,carried at angle of #de degrees1 with long ringlets or cords4 ,preferable length1 #c to #e inches4 ,,coat4--,if corded1 cords should be thick and strong1 hanging in long1 ropy cords4 ,if curly1 the curls close1 thick1 and of silky texture4 ,,weight4--,from #dj to #fj pounds4 ,only three colors are admitted1 black1 white1 and red1 and they should be without mixture4 ,illustration ,,the ,,poodle 7,,black1 ,,corded74 ,illustration3 ,w4 ,grebe's1 #acih ,second ,avenue1 ,new ,york4 ,,tell4 ,for origin1 uses1 scale of points1 etc41 see ,the ,poodle 7,black1 ,curly-coated74 ,,the ,,poodle 7,,white-,,and-,,red74 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,same as the black poodle1 except3 ,,eyes4--,yellow or light blue1 free from black rims around eyelids4 ,,nose4--,red or liver color4 ,,nails4--,red or pink4 ,,back4--,spots on back should be red or liver1 and the entire body free from black ticks4 ,illustration ,,the ,,pug 7,,fawn74 ,illustration3 ,rookery ,kennels1 ,painesville1 ,o4 ,,haughty ,,madge4 ,,origin4--,it is generally conceded that this breed is a cross between the fawn-colored1 smooth ,english terrier and the jet-black ,chinese terrier4 ,vero ,shaw et al4 concede this point4 ,,uses4--,purely a pet dog1 with a fair amount of intelligence4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,symmetry #aj ,size #e ,condition #e ,body #aj ,legs and feet #aj ,head #e ,muzzle #e ,ears #e ,eyes #aj ,mask #e ,wrinkles #e ,tail #e ,trace #e ,coat #e ,color #e ,carriage #e --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,square and cobby4 ,,size ,,and ,,condition4--,the weight is from #ab to #ae pounds1 and the dog should be shown with bones well covered and muscles well developed4 ,,body4--,short and cobby2 chest wide2 ribs well sprung4 ,,legs4--,strong1 straight1 of moderate length1 and well under body4 ,,feet4--,between style of cat- and harefoot1 well-split-up toes1 and black nails4 ,,muzzle4--,short1 square1 blunt1 but not upturned4 ,illustration ,,head4--,large1 round1 not apple-headed1 with no indentation of the skull4 ,eyes dark1 very large1 bold and prominent1 soft and solicitous in expression1 lustrous1 and when excited full of fire4 ,ears thin1 small1 and soft4 ,the button-ear is preferred to the rose-ear4 ,,markings4--,clearly defined3 the muzzle or mask1 ears1 moles on cheeks1 thumb-marks or diamond on forehead1 and back trace should be as black as possible4 ,,mask4--,black2 the more defined1 the better4 ,,wrinkles4--,deep and large4 ,,tail4--,curled lightly as possible over hip4 ,the double curl is perfection4 ,,coat4--,fine1 smooth1 soft1 short1 glossy1 neither hard nor woolly4 ,,color4--,silver or apricot fawn4 ,each should be very decided1 so as to make a contrast between color and trace4 ,,defects4--,long-legged or short-legged4 ,illustration ,,the ,,pug 7,,black74 ,,origin4--,beyond question a dog of ,chinese origin1 as ,lady ,brassey brought several specimens from there to ,london1 and other travelers have seen them there4 ,,uses4--,a pet dog only4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,same in all respects as for the fawn pug1 excepting that the coat should be pure black and entirely free from white4 ,,the ,,retriever 7,,black1 ,,curly-,,coated74 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,,origin4--,the breed is about fifty years old1 and probably is a cross of the old ,english or ,irish water-spaniel with setter1 collie1 or ,newfoundland4 ,,uses4--,retrieving wounded game and birds4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #aj ,nose and jaws #aj ,ears and eyes #e ,neck #e ,loins and back #aj ,quarters and stifles #e ,shoulders #f ,chest #d ,legs1 knees1 and hocks #e ,feet #e ,tail #e ,texture of coat and bareness of face #ae ,color #e ,symmetry and temperament #aj --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,general ,,appearance4--,a strong1 smart dog1 moderately low on leg1 active1 lively1 and intelligent4 ,,head4--,long and narrow for length4 ,ears rather small1 set low1 carried close to head1 covered with short curls4 ,jaws long1 strong1 free from lippiness4 ,nose black1 with wide-open nostrils4 ,eyes dark1 rather large1 showing good temper4 ,pug eye objectionable4 ,illustration ,,coat4--,a mass of short1 crisp curls from occiput to point of tail2 a saddleback or patch of uncurled hair behind shoulders4 ,,color4--,black or liver2 a white patch on chest penalizing4 ,,neck4--,long1 graceful1 muscular1 free from throatiness4 ,,shoulders4--,very deep1 muscular1 obliquely placed2 chest not too wide1 but deep2 body rather short1 well ribbed1 and muscular4 ,illustration ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs straight1 bone plenty2 not too long1 well set under body4 ,feet round1 compact2 toes well arched4 ,,loins4--,powerful and deep4 ,,tail4--,carried pretty straight1 and covered with short curls4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #ee to #fh pounds2 bitches1 #e pounds less4 ,illustration ,,the ,,retriever 7,,black1 ,,flat- ,,or ,,wavy-,,coated74 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,,origin ,,and ,,uses same as the black1 curly-coated variety4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #aj ,nose and jaws #aj ,ears and eyes #e ,neck #e ,loins and back #aj ,quarters and stifles #aj ,shoulders #f ,chest #d ,legs1 knees1 and hocks #aj ,feet #e ,tail #e ,coat #e ,color #e ,symmetry and temperament #aj --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,bone at top wide and flat1 with furrow down middle2 brows not pronounced4 ,ears small1 set low1 carried close to head 7not hound-like71 covered with short hair4 ,eyes medium size1 dark1 mild1 and intelligent4 ,nose wide2 nostrils open4 ,jaws strong and long4 ,teeth level4 ,,neck4--,long enough to allow dog to stoop when trailing2 loins and back wide1 deep1 and strong4 ,illustration ,,quarters ,,and ,,stifles4--,muscular quarters1 with nicely turned stifles4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders long1 sloping2 chest deep and broad2 ribs well sprung4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs strong1 long1 and muscular1 clean1 and free from lumber2 knees broad2 hocks well developed and clean4 ,feet rather large1 compact1 with well-arched toes2 soles thick and strong4 ,,tail4--,bushy 7not feathery72 carried gaily1 but not over back4 ,,coat4--,not so short as the pointer's1 close1 thick1 and straight as possible4 ,illustration ,,color4--,rich black1 free from rustiness and white4 ,,symmetry4--,highly valued1 likewise evidence of good temper4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #ej to #gj pounds2 bitches smaller4 ,illustration ,,the ,,st4 ,,bernard 7,,rough-,,coated74 ,illustration3 ,,leeds ,,barry4 ,,origin4--,this is a point of great uncertainty1 as the monks of ,st4 ,bernard are utterly unable to throw any light on the subject4 ,according to tradition1 however1 the race sprang from a cross of a bitch of ,denmark of the bulldog species1 and the mastiff 7shepherd-dog7 of the ,pyrenees4 ,the size comes from the ,denmark dog1 and the sense of smell from the mastiff4 ,the ,st4 ,bernard was first imported into ,england in #ahae4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,an invaluable house-dog1 guardian1 and companion4 ,used on the ,swiss mountains by the monks to find and succor lost travelers4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head1 ears1 and eyes #be ,expression and character #ae ,neck1 shoulders1 and chest #aj ,body #ae ,stern #e ,legs and feet #aj ,coat #aj ,color and markings #aj --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,large1 massive1 the circumference twice the length2 short from stop to tip of nose2 full below eye2 square muzzle2 great depth from eye to lower jaw4 ,lips deep1 not too pendulous4 ,stop abrupt1 well defined1 and straight to end of nose4 ,skull broad1 rounded at top1 not domed2 prominent brow4 ,ears medium size1 close to cheek1 strong at base1 heavily feathered4 ,eyes rather small1 deep set1 dark1 not too close together2 lower eyelid drooping1 showing haw4 ,nose large1 black2 well-developed nostrils4 ,teeth level4 ,,expression4--,denoting benevolence1 dignity1 and intelligence4 ,,neck4--,lengthy1 muscular1 slightly arched2 dewlap developed4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders broad1 sloping2 chest wide and deep4 ,,body4--,level back1 slightly arched over loins2 ribs well rounded2 loins wide and muscular4 ,,tail4--,set on rather high2 long1 bushy2 carried low in repose1 slightly above line of back when in motion4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs perfectly straight1 strong4 ,hind legs heavy in bone1 well bent at hocks2 thighs muscular4 ,feet compact and large2 well-arched toes4 ,illustration ,,size4--,dogs1 #cj inches at shoulder2 bitches1 #bg inches 7the taller1 the better1 if proportioned well74 ,general outline suggests great power and endurance4 ,,coat4--,dense1 flat1 rather full around neck2 thighs not too heavily feathered4 ,,color ,,and ,,markings4--,red1 orange1 various shades of brindle1 or white with patches of above colors4 ,markings should be3 white muzzle and blaze on face1 collar around neck2 white on chest1 fore legs1 feet1 and end of tail2 black shadings on face and ears4 ,if blaze be wide1 running through collar1 a spot of body-color should be on top of head4 ,,disqualifying ,,points4--,dudley1 liver-colored nose2 fawn if whole-colored or with black shadings only2 black1 black and tan1 black and white1 black1 tan1 and white1 and all white1 though an all white has taken high honors under one of our best judges4 ,illustration ,,the ,,st4 ,,bernard 7,,smooth-,,coated74 ,illustration3 ,,champion ,,scottish ,,leader4 ,illustration ,,origin1 ,,uses1 ,,and 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points are the same as the rough-coated variety1 with the exception of the coat1 which should be very dense1 broken-haired1 lying smooth1 tough without being rough to the touch1 with thighs slightly bushy4 ,illustration ,the tail at root is covered with longer and denser hair than on body1 the hair gradually growing shorter at the tip2 the tail is bushy1 but has no feather4 ,illustration ,,the ,,schipperke4 ,illustration3 ,w4 ,j4 ,comstock's1 ,providence1 ,r4 ,i4 ,,midnight4 ,,darkness4 ,,origin4--,wholly ,dutch1 but how far back it dates is unknown4 ,,uses4--,the canal-boatmen in ,holland use this 8little beggar0 as a guard against intruders1 as well as to advise the captain of an approaching boat4 ,it will kill rats1 swims like a duck1 and as a companion is not surpassed4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head1 nose1 eyes1 and teeth #bj ,ears #aj ,neck1 shoulders1 and chest #aj ,back and loins #e ,fore legs #e ,hind legs #e ,feet #e ,hind quarters #aj ,coat and color #bj ,general appearance #aj --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,general ,,appearance4--,a small1 cobby dog1 with sharp expression1 lively1 always on the alert4 ,,head4--,foxy in type2 skull broad1 not round2 little stop4 ,muzzle fine1 not weak1 well filled out below eyes4 ,nose black and small4 ,eyes small1 dark brown1 not full1 more round than oval1 bright1 and full of expression4 ,ears moderate length1 tapering1 carried stiffly erect and at right angles with skull4 ,teeth strong and level4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,short1 strong1 full1 and stiffly arched4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders muscular1 sloping2 chest deep and broad4 ,,back4--,short1 straight1 strong2 loins powerful and well drawn up4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs perfectly straight1 well under body1 good bone4 ,hind legs strong2 hocks well let down4 ,feet small1 cat-like2 nails black4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,fine compared to fore parts1 muscular1 well developed2 rump well rounded2 tailless4 ,,coat4--,black1 abundant1 dense1 harsh2 smooth on head1 ears1 and legs2 lying close on back and sides2 erect and thick around neck1 forming a mane and frill2 well feathered on thighs4 ,,weight4--,about #ab pounds4 ,,defects4--,white hairs are objected to4 ,,disqualifying ,,points4--,drop or semi-erect ears4 ,illustration ,,the ,,setter 7,,english74 ,illustration3 ,j4 ,t4 ,kent's1 #bjji ,walnut ,street1 ,philadelphia1 ,pa4 ,,kent ,,roderigo4 ,,origin4--,best authorities claim it to be descended from the old ,spanish setting-spaniel4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting all kinds of game-birds4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #e ,nose #e ,ears1 lips1 and eyes #aj ,neck #e ,shoulders and chest #ae ,back1 quarters1 and stifles #ae ,legs1 elbows1 and hocks #ab ,feet #h ,flag #e ,symmetry and quality #aj ,coat #e ,color #e --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,considerable prominence of occipital bone1 moderately narrow between ears1 with decided brow over eyes4 ,nose long1 wide1 without fullness under eye2 nostrils large and wide apart4 ,dark specimens should have black nose2 for orange and whites1 or lemon and whites1 a colored nose is desirable4 ,jaws level1 and of equal length4 ,ears small1 shorter than a pointer's1 and carried close to cheeks1 partly clothed with silky hair2 leather thin and soft4 ,lips not full nor pendulous4 ,eyes medium size1 animated1 best colors being brown4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,not throaty2 skin rather loose2 slightly arched4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders sloping2 elbows well let down2 chest deep2 ribs well sprung1 with great depth of back ribs4 ,,back4--,arched over loins1 but not wheel-back2 stifles well bent1 set wide apart4 ,,legs1 ,,elbows1 ,,and ,,toes4--,legs straight2 arms muscular2 knees broad and strong2 pasterns short2 hind legs muscular1 plenty of bone2 hocks clean and strong4 ,illustration ,,feet4--,either cat- or harefoot2 but either must be well clothed with hair and between toes4 ,,flag4--,sweeps gently downward2 feather plenty1 straight and silky4 ,,coat4--,soft1 silky1 without curl4 ,,color4--,black and white1 ticked with large splashes and more or less marked with black2 orange and white1 liver and white1 ticked as above2 black and white1 ticked with tan markings2 orange or lemon and white2 black and white2 liver and white4 ,illustration ,,the ,,setter 7,,gordon74 ,illustration3 ,j4 ,r4 ,oughton's1 ,dwight1 ,ill4 ,,heather ,,lad4 ,illustration ,,origin4--,the ,duke of ,gordon claims to be the originator of this breed 7#ahbj71 being the outcome of a cross with a breed of setters he then owned1 and one of his very keen-nosed collies4 ,,uses4--,hunting all kinds of game-birds4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and neck #ce ,shoulders and chest #ab ,loins and quarters #ab ,feet and legs #af ,color #aj ,coat and feather #aj ,tail #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,heavier than the ,english setter's1 broad at top between ears2 skull slightly rounded2 occiput well developed4 ,nose moderately long and broad across top2 nostrils well distended4 ,some good ones show slight dewlap and haw4 ,,body4--,heavier than the ,english setter's1 but may be judged on same lines4 ,illustration ,,color4--,this is of great importance4 ,the colors are black and tan4 ,the black should be jet black 7not brown nor rusty72 the tan1 a rich dark mahogany1 grown on inside of thighs1 down front of stifles1 and on front legs to knees2 muzzle also tan2 spots over eyes well defined1 also those on the points of shoulders4 ,illustration ,,the ,,setter 7,,irish74 ,illustration3 ,g4 ,shippen's1 #afj ,east ,thirty-eighth ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,,shamrock ,o',,more4 ,,origin4--,probably the same as that of the ,english setter1 the color now making it a distinct breed4 ,it was originally red and white4 ,,uses4--,hunting all kinds of game-birds4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #aj ,eyes #e ,ears #e ,neck #e ,body #ae ,shoulders1 fore legs1 and feet #ab ,hind legs #aj ,tail #h ,coat and feather #h ,color #h ,size1 style1 and general appearance #ad --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,long and lean2 skull oval 7from ear to ear71 with well-defined occipital protuberance2 brows raised1 showing stop2 muzzle moderately deep1 fairly square at end2 from stop to point of nose should be long2 nostrils wide1 and jaws of nearly equal length2 flews not pendulous4 ,color of nose dark mahogany or dark chocolate1 that of eyes 7which ought not to be too large7 rich hazel or brown4 ,ears of moderate size1 fine in texture1 set on low1 well back1 and hanging in a neat fold close to head4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,moderately long1 very muscular1 but not too thick1 slightly arched1 free from throatiness4 ,,body4--,proportionately long2 shoulders fine at the points1 deep1 and sloping well back2 chest deep1 rather narrow in front2 ribs well sprung2 loins muscular and slightly arched2 hind quarters wide and powerful4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,hind legs from hip to hock long and muscular1 from hock to heel short and strong2 stifles and hock-joints well bent1 and not inclined either in or out4 ,fore legs strong1 sinewy1 having plenty of bone1 with elbows free1 well let down1 and not inclined either out or in4 ,feet rather small1 very firm2 toes strong1 close together1 and arched4 ,,tail4--,moderate length1 set on rather low1 strong at root1 and tapering to a fine point2 carried in a slight1 simitar-like curve1 or straight1 nearly level with back4 ,illustration ,,coat4--,on head1 front of legs1 and tips of ears short and fine1 but on all other parts of body of moderate length1 flat1 and as free as possible from curl or wave4 ,,feathering4--,the feather on upper portion of ears long and silky1 on back of fore and hind legs long and fine2 a fair amount of hair on belly1 forming a nice fringe1 which may extend on chest and throat2 feet well feathered between toes2 tail to have a nice fringe of moderately long hair1 decreasing in length as it approaches the point4 ,all feathering as straight and flat as possible4 ,,color ,,and ,,markings4--,color a rich golden chestnut or mahogany red1 with no trace whatever of black2 white on chest1 throat1 or toes1 or a small star on forehead1 or a narrow streak or blaze on nose or face1 not to disqualify4 ,illustration ,,the ,,sheep-,,dog 7,,old ,,english ,,or ,,bobtail74 ,illustration3 ,wilford ,kennels1 ,cohoes1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,boxer ,,iii4 ,,origin4--,it is claimed by the ,welsh that this is purely a breed belonging to their own country4 ,,uses4--,same as the rough and smooth varieties of collie4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #aj ,jaw1 eyes1 and nose #ae ,color #aj ,teeth and ears #aj ,legs 7if coated7 #aj ,tail 7undocked7 #aj ,neck and shoulders #aj ,body1 loins1 and hind quarters #aj ,coat #aj ,markings #e --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,strong1 compact1 cobby dog1 profusely coated all over2 moves bear-like4 ,illustration ,,head4--,skull capacious1 rather square2 parts over eyes well arched2 the whole well covered with hair4 ,jaw fairly long and square4 ,stop slightly defined4 ,eyes in dark blue should be dark brown2 in lighter colors they will follow them1 and where white predominates a wall eye is typical4 ,nose black and fairly large4 ,teeth strong1 firm1 and even4 ,ears medium1 heavy1 and carried close4 ,,neck ,,and ,,shoulders4--,neck long1 arched1 graceful1 well coated2 shoulders sloping1 so that the dog is lower here than at hind quarters4 ,,fore ,,legs4--,straight1 plenty of bone1 not 8leggy10 well coated4 ,,feet4--,round1 large1 toes arched1 pads hard4 ,,tail4--,all other points being equal1 the tailless specimen wins over the one with a tail2 the less he has of it1 the better4 ,,body4--,rather short1 very compact2 ribs well sprung2 brisket deep2 loins very stout1 arched2 hind quarters bulky4 ,,coat4--,profuse1 fairly hard and strong2 double-coated1 as in the rough collie4 ,illustration ,,color4--,dark1 light1 or pigeon blue1 and steel gray1 generally mixed with white2 white collars1 legs1 chest1 and face greatly desired4 ,,height4--,twenty inches and upward4 ,stonehenge says3 8,usually these #8bobs' are strongly made and symmetrical dogs1 but without any definite type2 they have frequently a tendency to the brindle in color40 ,in awarding prizes1 the premier honors seem generally to go to the homeliest specimens4 ,illustration ,,the ,,spaniel 7,,clumber74 ,illustration3 ,newcastle ,kennels1 ,brookline1 ,mass4 ,,friar ,,boss4 ,,origin4--,it is claimed that this breed originated at ,clumber1 the seat of the ,duke of ,newcastle1 though records say it was imported by the duke from the kennels of the ,duc de ,noailles1 and possesses a strain of ,basset blood4 ,it certainly has some resemblance to that breed of ,french dogs4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting game-birds1 and generally runs mute4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,general appearance and size #aj ,head #ae ,eyes #e ,ears #aj ,neck and shoulders #ae ,body and quarters #bj ,legs and feet #aj ,coat and feather #aj ,color and markings #e --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance ,,and ,,size4--,a long1 low1 heavy-looking dog1 of a very thoughtful expression1 betokening great intelligence2 should have the appearance of great power1 but not clumsiness4 ,weight of dogs1 #ee to #fe pounds2 bitches1 #ce to #ej pounds4 ,,head4--,large1 massive1 round above eyes1 flat on top1 a furrow running up from between the eyes2 a marked stop1 and large occipital protuberance4 ,jaw long1 broad1 and deep2 lips of upper jaw overhung4 ,muzzle not square1 but powerful-looking4 ,nostrils large1 open1 and flesh-colored1 sometimes cherry-colored4 ,eyes large1 soft1 deep set1 showing haw2 hazel in color1 not too pale4 ,ears long1 broad at the top1 turned over on front edge1 vine-shaped1 close to head1 set on low2 feathered only on front edge1 and but slightly4 ,hair short1 silky1 without slightest approach to wave or curl4 ,illustration ,,neck ,,and ,,shoulders4--,neck long1 thick1 powerful1 free from dewlap1 with a large ruff2 shoulders immensely strong1 muscular1 giving a heavy appearance in front4 ,,body ,,and ,,quarters4--,body very long and low1 well ribbed up1 and long in the coupling2 chest of great depth and volume2 loins powerful1 and not too much arched2 back long1 broad1 and straight1 free from droop or bow4 ,length an important characteristic2 the nearer the dog is in length to being two and a half times its height at shoulder1 the better4 ,quarters shapely and very muscular1 neither drooping nor stilty4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs short1 straight1 immensely heavy in bone1 well in at elbow4 ,hind legs heavy in bone1 but not as heavy as fore legs2 no feather below hocks1 but thick hair on back of leg just above foot4 ,feet large1 compact1 and plentifully filled with hair between toes4 ,,coat ,,and ,,feather4--,coat silky and straight1 not too long1 extremely dense2 feather long and abundant4 ,,color ,,and ,,markings4--,color lemon and white1 and orange and white2 the fewer markings1 the better4 ,perfection is solid lemon or orange ears1 evenly marked head1 muzzle and leg ticked4 ,,stern4--,set on level1 and carried low4 ,illustration ,,the ,,spaniel 7,,cocker74 ,illustration3 ,a4 ,c4 ,wilmerding's1 #afe ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 ,,watnong ,i4 ,,origin4--,presumably an offshoot of the field-spaniel4 ,,uses4--,hunting1 principally woodcock and partridge4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,general appearance #aj ,head #ae ,eyes #e ,ears #aj ,neck and shoulders #aj ,body #ae ,length #e ,legs and feet #ae ,coat #aj ,tail #e --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance1 ,,symmetry1 ,,etc4--,a well-built1 graceful1 and active dog1 showing strength without heaviness4 ,any of the spaniel colors is allowable4 7,see ,field-spaniel47 ,weight not over #bh nor less than #ah pounds4 ,illustration ,,head4--,fair length2 muzzle cut off square1 tapering gradually from the eye1 not snipy2 skull rising in a graceful curve from stop1 and with same outline at occiput1 the curve line being flatter1 but still curving at middle of skull4 ,head should be narrowest at the eyes1 and broadest at set-on of ears1 and1 viewed from the front1 outline between ears should be a nearly perfect segment of a circle4 ,stop is marked1 and a groove runs up the skull1 gradually becoming less apparent1 till lost about half-way to occiput4 ,this prevents the domed ,king ,charles skull1 and produces a light1 graceful1 well-balanced head4 ,jaws level4 ,teeth strong1 regular4 ,eyes round and moderately full1 corresponding in color with coat4 ,ears lobular1 set on low2 leather fine1 and not extending beyond nose2 well clothed with long1 silky hair1 which must be straight or wavy--no positive curls or ringlets4 ,,neck ,,and ,,shoulders4--,neck sufficiently long to allow the nose to reach the ground easily2 muscular1 and running into well-shaped1 sloping shoulders4 ,,body4--,ribs well sprung2 chest of fair width and depth2 body well ribbed back1 short in the coupling2 flank free from any tucked-up appearance2 loins strong2 length from tip of nose to root of tail about twice the height at shoulder4 ,illustration ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs short1 strong in bone and muscle1 straight1 neither bent in nor out at elbows2 pasterns straight1 short1 and strong2 elbows well let down4 ,hind legs strong2 well-bent stifles2 hocks straight1 and near the ground4 ,feet of good size1 round1 turning neither in nor out2 toes not too spreading2 soles furnished with hard1 horny pads1 with plenty of hair between the toes4 ,,coat4--,abundant1 soft1 and silky1 straight or wavy1 without curl2 chest1 legs1 and tail well feathered2 no topknot nor curly hair on top of head4 ,,tail4--,usually docked2 carried nearly level with back4 ,at work it is carried lower1 with a quick1 nervous action which is characteristic of the breed4 ,illustration ,,the ,,spaniel 7,,field74 ,illustration3 ,rowland ,p4 ,keasbey's1 #hgd ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 ,,black ,,night4 ,,origin4--,probably one of the oldest of the known breeds1 coming originally from ,spain2 in fact1 it is claimed as the parent of the setter4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,hunting game-birds1 principally woodcock and partridge4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #ae ,ears #aj ,neck #e ,shoulders and arms #aj ,legs and feet #ae ,body and quarters #bj ,coat and feather #ae ,tail #aj --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,general ,,appearance4--,considerably larger1 heavier1 stronger in build than the cocker4 ,conformation should be long and low1 more so than the cocker4 ,colors most preferred are solid black or liver2 but liver and white1 black and white1 black and tan1 orange1 and orange and white are all legitimate spaniel colors4 ,,head4--,long1 and not too wide1 carried gracefully2 skull showing clearly cut brows1 but without a very pronounced stop2 occiput distinct1 and rising considerably above set-on of ears4 ,muzzle long1 with well-developed nose1 not too thick immediately in front of eye1 and maintaining nearly same breadth to the point2 sufficient flew to give a certain squareness to muzzle and avoid snipiness4 ,teeth sound and regular4 ,eyes intelligent and dark1 not showing haw1 nor so large as to be prominent or goggle-eyed4 ,ears long1 and hung low on skull1 lobe-shaped1 and covered with straight or slightly wavy silky feather4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,long1 graceful1 and free from throatiness2 not too thick1 but strongly set into shoulders and brisket4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,arms4--,shoulder-blades should lie obliquely1 with sufficient looseness of attachment to give freedom to forearms1 which should be well let down4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs straight1 very strong and short4 ,hind legs well bent at stifle-joint1 with plenty of muscular power4 ,feet of good size1 with thick1 well-developed pads2 not flat nor spreading4 ,illustration ,,body ,,and ,,quarters4--,long1 with well-sprung ribs2 strong1 slightly arching loins1 well coupled to the quarters1 which may droop slightly toward stern4 ,,coat ,,and ,,feather4--,coat as straight and flat as possible1 silky in texture1 of sufficient denseness to afford good protection to the skin in thorny coverts1 and moderately long2 feather long and ample1 straight or very slightly wavy1 heavily fringing ears1 back of fore legs1 between toes1 and on back of quarters4 ,,tail4--,strong1 and not carried higher than level of back4 ,illustration ,,the ,,spaniel 7,,irish ,,water74 ,illustration3 ,t4 ,a4 ,carson's1 ,kingston1 ,ontario4 ,,musha4 ,,origin4--,this cannot be traced1 yet it is supposed to have a decided cross of the poodle4 ,,uses4--,retrieving wounded game from the water4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head1 jaw1 eyes1 and topknot #bj ,ears #e ,neck #e ,body #aj ,fore legs #aj ,hind legs #aj ,feet #e ,stern #aj ,coat #ae ,general appearance #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,a strong1 somewhat leggy dog4 ,,head4--,skull medium length1 rather broad2 very little stop ,muzzle long1 and broad to end4 ,eyes dark brown1 and very intelligent4 ,ears long1 and covered with curls4 ,,neck4--,long1 slightly arched1 and muscular4 ,,body4--,fair-sized2 barrel well rounded and ribbed up4 ,,nose4--,liver-colored1 large1 and well developed4 ,illustration ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders long and oblique2 chest deep1 but not very wide4 ,,back ,,and ,,loins4--,back strong and flat2 loins strong1 fair length1 and a trifle arched4 ,illustration ,,hind ,,quarters4--,long2 hocks well let down1 and stifles straighter than in other varieties of spaniels4 ,,stern4--,strong at root1 and tapering to a fine point2 the hair on it must be quite short1 straight1 and close-lying4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs well boned and quite straight1 somewhat long4 ,feet rather large4 ,,coat4--,all over little curls1 hard1 but not woolly4 ,the topknot of long hair should fall over the eyes in a peak1 and legs should have as little feather on them as possible4 ,,color4--,a rich1 dark liver4 ,white on toes or breast a defect1 but not a disqualification4 ,,negative ,,points4 ,value4 ,feather on stern #aj ,white on chest #e ,illustration ,,the ,,spaniel 7,,japanese74 ,illustration3 ,w4 ,j4 ,burkhardt's1 #acja ,broadway1 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,jingo4 ,,origin4--,a native of ,japan1 where it is also called the 8sleeve-dog10 on account of being carried there by the 8swells0 of that country4 ,,uses4--,simply a pet dog1 and extremely intelligent4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head--size and shape of skull #aj ,shortness of face and muzzle #aj ,width of muzzle #e ,eyes #aj ,ears #aj ,coat and markings #ae ,size and symmetry #bj ,legs and feet #aj ,tail #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,head ,,and ,,neck4--,head large1 broad2 slightly rounded skull2 neck short1 and moderately thick4 ,eyes large1 dark1 lustrous1 rather prominent1 wide apart4 ,muzzle strong1 wide1 very short from stop to nose2 jaws upturned2 teeth not to be shown2 nose very short1 the end wide with open nostrils1 and same color as markings4 ,ears small1 ,v-shaped2 well feathered1 set high1 and wide apart2 carried forward4 ,,body4--,compact1 squarely built1 cobby1 the body and legs forming a square4 ,illustration ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,bones of legs small1 slender1 well feathered4 ,feet small1 cat-like2 the feather increasing the length1 never the width4 ,,tail4--,carried over back in tight curl2 profusely feathered4 ,,coat4--,profuse1 long1 straight1 rather silky1 free from wave1 not too flat4 ,,color4--,black1 red1 or white2 parti-colors with white ground preferred4 ,blenheim markings are most showy4 ,in variation of markings the colors must remain distinct4 ,,weight4--,four to nine pounds2 the smaller1 the better4 ,illustration ,,the ,,spaniel 7,,sussex74 ,illustration3 ,rowland ,p4 ,keasbey's1 #hgd ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 ,,coleshill ,,rufus4 ,,origin4--,it is impossible to trace this origin4 ,,uses4--,hunting pheasants1 and sometimes for its fur4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head and jaw #ae ,eyes #e ,ears #e ,neck #e ,body #ae ,fore legs #aj ,hind legs #aj ,feet #e ,stern #e ,coat and feather #aj ,general appearance #ae --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,general ,,appearance4--,rather massive and muscular1 but with free movements and nice tail action4 ,,head4--,moderately long1 massive1 with depth in proportion2 skull broad1 and forehead prominent4 ,eyes hazel1 fairly large1 and languishing1 not showing haw overmuch4 ,ears thick1 fairly large1 lobe-shaped2 set moderately low1 but relatively not so low as in black or other spaniels2 carried close to head1 and furnished with wavy hair4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,muscular1 and slightly arched4 ,,body4--,long1 with well-sprung ribs2 fair depth behind shoulders4 ,,nose4--,liver color2 muzzle large and square2 lips somewhat pendulous2 nostrils well developed4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders oblique2 chest deep and wide4 ,,back ,,and ,,loins4--,back level and long2 loins broad4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,strong2 thighs muscular1 and hocks low down4 ,illustration ,,stern4--,docked from #e to #h inches2 set low2 not carried above level of back4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs short and strong2 immense bone1 and a slight bend in forearm4 ,feet large1 round1 and moderately well feathered1 with short hair between toes4 ,,coat4--,body-coat abundant2 flat or slightly waved1 with no tendency to curl2 moderately well feathered on legs and stern1 but clean below hocks4 ,,color4--,dark golden liver2 not a light ginger or snuff color1 but of a rich bronze tinge1 not puce4 ,,weight4--,from #ce to #de pounds4 ,illustration ,,spaniels 7,,toy7--,,blenheim1 ,,king ,,charles1 ,,prince ,,charles1 ,,and ,,ruby4 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,,ruby ,,spaniel4 ,,prince ,,charles ,,spaniel4 ,,origin4--,shrouded in mystery4 ,the ,king ,charles spaniel derives its name from the second monarch of that name1 and the ,blenheim from the family seat of the ,duke of ,marlborough4 ,the colors were originally black1 tan1 and white for the first breed1 and orange or red and white for the second4 ,,uses4--,essentially pet dogs1 though at one time the ,blenheim was used for hunting birds4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,king ,charles1 ,prince ,charles1 and ,ruby4 ,value4 ,symmetry1 condition1 and size #bj ,head #ae ,stop #e ,muzzle #aj ,eyes #aj ,ears #ae ,coat and feathering #ae ,color #aj --- ,total #ajj ,blenheim4 ,value4 ,symmetry1 condition1 and size #bj ,head #ae ,stop #e ,muzzle #aj ,eyes #e ,ears #aj ,coat and feathering #ae ,color and markings #ae ,spot #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,well domed1 and in good specimens absolutely semi-globular1 sometimes even extending beyond the half-circle1 and absolutely projecting over eyes1 so as nearly to meet upturned nose4 ,,eyes4--,set wide apart1 with eyelids square to line of face1 not oblique or fox-like2 large1 lustrous1 very dark in color1 so as to be generally considered black2 their enormous pupils1 which are absolutely of that color1 increasing the description4 ,illustration3 ,,king ,,of ,,the ,,blenheims ,mrs4 ,f4 ,senn's1 #bgh ,west ,eleventh ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,,stop4--,well marked as in bulldog1 or even more so1 some good specimens exhibiting a hollow deep enough to bury a small marble4 ,,nose4--,short1 well turned up1 without any indication of artificial displacement2 color of end black1 and both deep and wide1 with open nostrils4 ,,jaw4--,lower jaw wide1 leaving plenty of space for tongue and for attachment of lower lips1 which should completely conceal teeth2 also turned up or 8finished10 so as to allow of its meeting end of upper jaw1 turned up in a similar way4 ,,ears4--,long1 so as to approach the ground2 in an average-sized dog they measure #bj inches from tip to tip1 and some reach #bb inches2 set low on head2 heavily feathered4 ,in this respect the ,king ,charles is expected to exceed the ,blenheim1 and his ears occasionally extend to #bd inches4 ,,size4--,the most desirable size is about #aj pounds4 ,,shape4--,in compactness of shape these spaniels almost rival the pug1 being decidedly cobby1 with strong1 stout legs1 broad back1 and wide chest4 ,,coat4--,long1 silky1 soft1 and wavy1 but not curly4 ,in the ,blenheim there should be a profuse mane1 extending well down in front of chest4 ,feather well displayed on ears and feet1 where it is so long as to give appearance of their being webbed2 also carried well up the backs of the legs4 ,in the ,king ,charles1 feather on ears is very long and profuse1 exceeding that of ,blenheim by an inch or more4 ,the feather on tail 7which is about #c or #d inches7 should be silky1 and from #e to #f inches in length1 constituting a marked flag of a square shape1 and not carried above level of back4 ,illustration3 ,,duke ,,of ,,chester ,mrs4 ,f4 ,senn's1 #bgh ,west ,eleventh ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,,king ,,charles ,,spaniel4 ,illustration ,,color4--,varies with the breed4 ,the ,king ,charles is a rich1 glossy black and deep tan1 without white2 tan spots over eyes and on cheeks1 and the usual markings on legs1 are also required4 ,the ,blenheim must on no account be whole-colored1 but have a ground of pure1 pearly white1 with bright1 rich chestnut or ruby-red markings evenly distributed in large patches2 ears and cheeks red2 a blaze of white extending from nose up to forehead1 and ending between ears in a crescentic curve2 in center of this blaze there should be a clear spot of red1 size of a sixpence4 ,the tricolor1 or ,charles the ,first spaniel1 should have the tan of the ,king ,charles1 with markings like ,blenheim1 in black instead of red1 on a pearly white ground2 ears and under the tail should also be lined with tan4 ,the tricolor has no spot1 that beauty being peculiarly the property of the ,blenheim4 ,the only name by which the tricolor1 or black1 white1 and tan1 in future shall be recognized1 is ,prince ,charles4 ,that in future the all-red toy spaniel be known by name of ,ruby spaniel2 the color of nose to be black4 ,the points of the ,ruby to be same as those of ,king ,charles1 differing only in color4 ,black-and-tan spaniels with markings of white shall be entered in ,prince ,charles class1 and red spaniels with white markings must go into ,blenheim class4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,airedale74 ,illustration3 ,f4 ,h4 ,f4 ,mercer's1 ,ottawa1 ,canada4 ,,weaver4 ,,origin4--,probably a cross of otter-hound and some of the large breed of terriers4 ,most numerously found in the valley of the ,aire and about ,bradford1 ,england4 ,,uses4--,a gamy vermin-dog4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #bj ,ears #h ,neck1 shoulders1 and chest #ab ,back and loins #ae ,hind quarters and stern #e ,legs and feet #ae ,coat and color #bj ,weight #e --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,skull flat1 moderately narrow1 tapering slightly to eyes1 free from wrinkle4 ,no perceptible stop or indentation between skull and muzzle1 except in profile4 ,jaw long and powerful1 free from flews1 rather deep1 and moderately square at end4 ,nose black2 nostrils large4 ,mouth level2 teeth large and sound4 ,eyes small1 bright1 dark in color1 with terrier expression4 ,ears ,v-shaped1 moderate in size and thickness2 carried forward as in a fox-terrier2 free from long1 silky hair4 ,,neck4--,fair length1 gradually widening to shoulders2 well carried2 free from throatiness4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders fine1 long1 and sloping2 chest deep1 muscular1 but neither full nor wide4 ,,back ,,and ,,loins4--,back short1 straight1 and strong2 ribs well sprung and rounded2 loins broad and powerful1 and well ribbed up4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,strong1 powerful1 thick through hams2 good muscular second thighs1 and stifles fairly bent2 no tendency to cow-hocks4 ,,stern4--,stout and docked2 set on rather high1 but not raised to a right angle with back4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs straight and well furnished with bone4 ,feet round and close1 with a good thick sole4 ,,coat4--,rough or broken2 dense and wiry in texture2 free from lock or curl4 ,,color4--,dark grizzle back from occiput to end of tail1 extending also down sides of body1 with dark markings on side of skull2 rest of body a good tan1 darker on ears than elsewhere4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #dj to #de pounds2 bitches1 #ce to #dj pounds4 ,illustration ,,disqualifications4--,a ,dudley nose2 white on throat1 face1 or feet2 white on any other part of body objectionable2 a thoroughly bad mouth1 i4e41 minus a number of teeth1 and others cankered2 undershot2 partial blindness objectionable4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,bedlington74 ,illustration3 7,from ,modern ,dogs47 ,,origin4--,supposed both by conformation and color to have sprung from the ,dandie ,dinmont and otter-hound4 ,the breed is not an old one1 by any means4 ,,uses4--,a gamy vermin-dog4 ,illustration 99 ,no scale of points adopted4 ,,head4--,skull narrow1 deep1 and rounded1 high at occiput2 covered with silky tuft or topknot4 ,jaw long1 tapering1 sharp1 and muscular2 little or no stop2 lips close-fitting1 and no flew4 ,eyes small and deep set4 ,the blues should have dark eyes2 blue and tans1 dark1 with amber shade2 livers1 sandies1 etc41 light brown4 ,nose small4 ,blues1 and blue and tans1 have black noses2 livers and sandies1 flesh-colored4 ,teeth level4 ,ears moderately large1 filbert-shaped2 carried well forward2 flat to cheek2 thinly covered1 and tipped with fine1 silky hair4 ,,legs4--,of moderate length1 not wide apart1 straight1 with good-sized1 rather long foot4 ,,tail4--,thick at root1 tapering2 slightly feathered2 #i to #aa inches long1 and scimitar-shaped4 ,illustration ,,neck ,,and ,,shoulders4--,neck long1 deep at base1 and rising well from shoulders1 which should be flat4 ,,body4--,long1 flat-ribbed1 deep1 not wide in chest2 slightly arched back1 well ribbed2 light quarters4 ,,coat4--,hard1 with close bottom1 and not lying flat to sides4 ,,color4--,dark blue1 blue and tan1 liver1 liver and tan1 sandy1 and sandy and tan4 ,,height4--,fifteen to sixteen inches4 ,,weight4--,fifteen to twenty-five pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,black-,,and-,,tan74 ,illustration3 ,rochelle ,kennels1 ,new ,rochelle1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,broomfield ,,sultan4 ,,origin4--,this breed was until very recently known as the ,manchester 7,england7 terrier1 and was probably brought into existence by the operatives of that city4 ,,uses4--,a gamy vermin-dog1 and a nice companion4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #bj ,eyes #aj ,ears #e ,legs #aj ,feet #aj ,body #aj ,tail #e ,color and markings #ae ,general appearance 7including terrier quality7 #ae --- ,total #ajj ,illustration ,,head4--,long1 almost flat1 narrow1 level1 and wedge-shaped1 without showing cheek muscles2 well filled up under eyes2 tapering1 tightly lipped jaws2 level teeth4 ,ears1 if cropped1 must stand perfectly erect2 if uncropped1 small1 thin1 and ,v-shaped1 hanging close to head above eyes4 ,eyes very small1 sparkling1 and dark1 set fairly close together1 and oblong in shape4 ,nose perfectly black4 ,,neck ,,and ,,shoulders4--,neck fairly long1 tapering from shoulders to head1 free from throatiness1 slightly arched2 shoulders sloping4 ,,chest4--,narrow but deep4 ,,body4--,moderately short2 powerful loins2 ribs well sprung2 back slightly arched at loins1 falling again at joining of tail to same height as the shoulders4 ,,legs4--,perfectly straight1 set well under body1 fair length4 ,,feet4--,more inclined to be cat- than hare-footed2 black toe-nails4 ,,tail4--,moderately short1 thick where it joins body1 tapering to a point1 not carried higher than the back4 ,,coat4--,close1 smooth1 short1 and glossy1 not soft4 ,,color4--,black and mahogany tan1 distributed distinctly over body4 ,on head1 tan to the nose2 nasal bone jet black2 bright spot on each cheek and above each eye4 ,under jaw and throat are tan2 hair inside ear of same color4 ,fore legs tan to knee1 with black lines up each toe and black mark above the foot4 ,inside hind legs tan1 divided with black at hock-joint4 ,under tail tan1 and each side of chest is tanned slightly4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,boston74 ,illustration3 ,squantum ,kennels1 ,atlantic1 ,mass4 ,,his ,,nibs4 ,,origin4--,the parents of this breed were ,hooper's ,judge 7a cross from an ,english bulldog and an ,english terrier7 and ,burnett's ,gyp1 8a white bitch40 ,the ,american ,kennel ,club has now recognized this as a distinct breed4 ,the origin as given dates back to about #ahgj4 ,,uses4--,purely a toy dog1 of very affectionate disposition and equable temper4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #ab ,ears #e ,eyes #e ,stop #b ,muzzle #ab ,neck #e ,body #ae ,elbows #b ,fore legs #d ,hind legs #d ,feet #b ,tail #aj ,color #g ,coat #c ,general appearance #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,the general appearance is that of a smooth1 short-coated1 compactly built dog of moderately low stature4 ,the head should indicate a high degree of intelligence and be in proportion to the dog's size2 body rather short and well knit2 limbs strong and finely turned2 no feature being so prominent that the dog appears badly proportioned2 all conveying an impression of determination1 strength1 and activity4 ,style of a high order1 and carriage easy and graceful4 ,illustration ,,head4--,skull large1 broad1 and flat1 without prominent cheeks1 and forehead free from wrinkles4 ,stop well defined1 but indenture not too deep4 ,eyes wide apart1 large and round1 neither sunken nor too prominent2 color dark and soft4 ,the outside corner should be on a line with cheeks as viewed from the front4 ,ears small and thin1 situated as near corners of skull as possible2 rose-ear preferable4 ,muzzle moderately short1 wide1 and deep 7without wrinkles74 ,nose black and wide1 with a well-defined straight line between nostrils4 ,jaws broad1 square1 and even1 with short1 strong teeth2 chops wide and deep1 not pendulous1 completely covering teeth when mouth is closed4 ,,neck4--,rather short and thick 7without loose skin71 and quite well arched4 ,,body4--,set moderately low1 deep and quite broad at chest1 well ribbed up2 back quite short1 not roached2 loins and quarters strong4 ,,elbows4--,set quite low1 standing neither in nor out4 ,,fore ,,legs4--,rather wide apart1 straight1 and well muscled4 ,illustration ,,hind ,,legs4--,rather straight2 quite long from stifle to hock 7which should turn neither in nor out72 short and straight from hock to pastern4 ,thighs well muscled4 ,hocks not too prominent4 ,,feet4--,small1 nearly round1 and turned a trifle outward2 toes compact and arched4 ,,tail4--,moderate in length1 set on low1 with a moderate downward carriage1 fine and tapering1 devoid of fringe or coarse hair4 ,,color4--,any color except black1 mouse1 or liver2 brindle and white evenly marked1 and whole brindle1 are colors most preferred4 ,,coat4--,fine in texture1 short1 bright1 and not too hard4 ,,weight4--,light-weight class1 #ae to #be pounds2 heavy-weight class1 #be to #ce pounds4 ,,disqualification4--,docked tail4 ,,the ,,terrier 7,,bull74 ,illustration3 ,f4 ,f4 ,dole's1 ,new ,haven1 ,conn4 ,,gully ,,the ,,great4 ,,origin4--,this is admittedly a cross between the bulldog and the ,english terrier4 ,,uses4--,formerly as a fighting dog4 ,present uses are for vermin1 and as a companion it has no superior1 being kind1 gentle1 and exceedingly honest and loyal4 ,illustration 99 ,,the ,,various ,,parts ,,of ,,the ,,head1 ,,body1 ,,etc4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points ,,by ,,rawdon ,b4 ,,lee4 ,value4 ,head1 including skull1 muzzle1 lips1 jaws1 and teeth #be ,eyes #aj ,ears 7badly cropped or otherwise7 #e ,neck and shoulders #ae ,back #aj ,legs and feet #ae ,coat #aj ,stern #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,the general appearance of the bull-terrier is that of a symmetrical animal1 an embodiment of agility1 grace1 elegance1 determination1 and good nature4 ,,head4--,long1 flat1 and wide between ears1 tapering to the nose1 without cheek muscles2 slight indentation down face1 without a stop4 ,jaws long and very powerful2 large black nose1 and open nostrils4 ,eyes small and very black4 ,lips should meet as tightly as possible1 without a fold4 ,teeth regular in shape1 and meet exactly1 any deviation being a great fault4 ,ears always cropped for the show-bench1 and should be done scientifically and according to fashion4 ,,neck4--,long1 slightly arched1 nicely set into shoulders1 tapering to head1 without any loose skin4 ,,body4--,shoulders strong1 muscular1 slanting2 chest wide and deep2 ribs well rounded4 ,,back4--,short1 muscular1 but not out of proportion4 ,,legs4--,fore legs perfectly straight1 well-developed muscles2 not 8out at shoulder10 but set on racing lines2 very strong at pasterns4 ,hind legs long1 muscular1 with good1 strong1 straight hocks1 well let down4 ,illustration ,,feet4--,resembling those of the hare4 ,,color4--,white4 ,,coat4--,short1 close1 stiff to the touch1 with fine gloss4 ,,tail4--,from #aj to #ab inches long1 set on very low2 thick where it joins the body1 tapering to a fine point2 carried at an angle of about #de degrees1 without curl1 and never over the back4 ,,weight4--,about #cj pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,clydesdale ,,or ,,paisley74 ,illustration3 ,,clydesdale ,,loris4 ,,origin4--,both are often considered as one breed1 and supposed to be of ,skye extraction4 ,,uses4--,a vermin-dog1 but better as a pet4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #ae ,ears #aj ,body #ae ,coat #bj ,color #aj ,tail #aj ,legs and feet #e ,style and general appearance #ae --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance ,,and ,,style4--,the general appearance is that of a long1 low dog with plenty of style1 having a rather large head in proportion to its size1 and with a coat that looks like silk or spun glass4 ,,head4--,skull slightly domed1 very narrow between ears1 gradually widening toward eyes1 and tapering very slightly to nose2 covered with long1 silky hair1 perfectly straight1 without curl or waviness1 and extending well beyond nose1 plentiful on sides of head1 joined by that from the ears1 giving head a very large and rather heavy appearance4 ,muzzle very deep and powerful1 tapering very slightly to nose1 which should be large and well spread over the muzzle1 always black4 ,jaws strong2 teeth perfectly level4 ,eyes rather wide apart1 large1 round1 moderately full1 but not prominent2 brown1 and expressive of great intelligence4 ,,ears4--,this is a most important point4 ,they should be as small as possible1 set on high1 carried perfectly erect1 covered with long1 silky hair1 which should hang in a beautiful fringe down side of head1 joining that on jaws4 7,well-carried1 finely fringed ears are one of the greatest points of beauty47 ,,neck4--,rather long1 very muscular1 well set into the shoulders1 covered with same class of hair as the body4 ,illustration ,,body4--,very long1 deep in chest1 well ribbed up2 back perfectly level4 ,,coat4--,very long1 perfectly straight1 free from curl or waviness2 very glossy and silky in texture 7not linty71 and without any pily under coat4 ,,color4--,dark blue to light fawn1 the various shades of blue--dark blue for preference1 but without any approach to blackness or sootiness4 ,color of head1 beautiful silvery blue1 which gets darker on ears2 the back1 various shades of dark blue1 inclining to silver on lower parts of body and legs4 ,tail is generally the same shade or a little darker than the back4 ,,tail4--,perfectly straight1 not too long1 carried almost level with back2 nicely fringed or feathered4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs short and straight1 well set under body1 both legs and feet well covered with silky hair4 7,in a good specimen the legs are scarcely seen47 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,dandie ,,dinmont74 ,illustration3 ,william ,wanton ,dunnell's4 ,,kelso ,,count4 ,,origin4--,mentioned in #ahjj by ,davidson as springing from ,tarr1 reddish and wire-haired 7a bitch71 and ,pepper 7shaggy and light71 which shows true terrier blood4 ,,uses4--,an essentially vermin-dog1 8dead game20 and when a fox1 otter1 etc41 is to be bolted it is unsurpassed4 ,it is a curious fact that when unearthing its game it generally does its fighting on its back1 tearing and scratching its opponent's throat with tooth and nail4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #aj ,eyes #e ,ears #e ,neck #e ,body #bj ,tail #e ,legs and feet #aj ,coat #ae ,color #e ,size and weight #aj ,general appearance #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,strongly made and large1 with muscles well developed2 skull broad between ears1 growing less toward eyes2 forehead well domed4 ,head covered with soft1 silky hair1 not confined to a mere topknot4 ,cheeks have a gradual taper toward muzzle1 which is deep and strong and about #c inches in length4 ,muzzle covered with darker hair than topknot1 the top part being generally bare for about #a inch from back of nose1 where it is about #a inch broad4 ,nose and inside of mouth black or dark-colored4 ,teeth strong and very large1 level in front1 the upper ones overlapping the under ones4 8,swine mouth0 is objectionable1 but not so much so as the bulldog mouth4 ,eyes wide apart1 full1 large1 round1 bright1 full of determination1 set low and prominent1 and of a rich1 dark hazel4 ,ears large1 pendulous1 set well back1 wide apart1 and low on skull1 hanging close to cheek1 tapering to a point1 the tapering being mostly on the back part4 ,they are covered with soft1 straight brown hair 7sometimes almost black71 with a feather of light hair about #b inches from tip4 ,the feather does not show1 sometimes1 till the dog is #b years old4 ,leather rather thin4 ,length of ear #c to #d inches4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,very muscular and strong1 and well set into shoulders4 ,,body4--,long1 strong1 and flexible2 ribs well sprung2 chest deep2 back rather low at shoulder2 a slight1 gradual droop from loins to root of tail4 ,,tail4--,rather short 7#h to #aj inches71 covered on upper side with wiry hair1 darker than on body2 a feather of about #b inches1 getting shorter as it nears the tip2 simitar-like1 not curled nor twisted and when excited carried gaily above the level of the body4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,fore legs short1 immense muscular development and bones set wide apart2 feet well formed1 not flat4 8,bandy legs0 objectionable4 ,hair on fore legs and feet of blue dog should be tan2 on a mustard dog a darker shade than on head1 which is creamy white4 ,hind legs are rather longer than front ones1 rather wide apart1 with feet smaller than front ones1 without feather and dew-claws2 claws should be dark4 ,,coat4--,very important4 ,hair should be #b inches long1 and that from skull to root of tail a mixture of hard and soft hair4 ,the hard hair should be wiry1 the coat being pily1 that under body being softer and lighter in color than on top4 ,illustration ,,color4--,pepper or mustard4 ,the pepper ranges from dark blue black to a light silver gray2 the mustards from a red brown to pale fawn1 the head being creamy white1 with legs and feet darker than head4 ,claws are dark as in other colors4 ,nearly all ,dandies have some white on chest and white claws4 ,,size4--,eight to eleven inches at shoulder4 ,limit weight1 #bd pounds4 ,,length4--,from top of shoulder to root of tail should be twice the dog's height4 ,,the ,,terrier 7,,fox1 ,,smooth-,,coated74 ,illustration3 ,august ,belmont's4 ,,champion ,,blemton ,,victor ,,ii4 ,,origin4--,evidently a very judicious cross between a beagle and a bull-terrier4 ,,uses4--,essentially a vermin-dog of the highest order1 and capable of worrying a fox when it has taken to earth4 ,it is used by the operatives in some parts of ,england for coursing rabbits4 ,illustration 99 ,,the ,,various ,,parts ,,of ,,the ,,head1 ,,body1 ,,etc4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points ,,by ,,rawdon ,b4 ,,lee4 ,value4 ,head1 jaws1 and ears #bj ,neck #e ,shoulders and chest #aj ,back and loins #aj ,stern and hind quarters #aj ,legs and feet #ae ,coat #aj ,size1 symmetry1 and character #bj --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,skull flat1 moderately narrow1 gradually decreasing in width to eyes4 ,not much stop1 but there should be more dip in profile between forehead and top jaw than in the greyhound4 ,cheeks must not be full4 ,ears ,v-shaped1 small1 of moderate thickness1 drooping forward close to cheek1 not hanging by side of head4 ,jaws strong and muscular1 of fair punishing strength4 ,there should not be much falling away below eyes4 ,this part of head should be moderately chiseled out1 but not like a wedge4 ,nose tapering and black4 ,eyes dark1 small1 rather deep set1 full of fire and intelligence2 nearly circular in shape4 ,teeth nearly level4 ,illustration ,,neck4--,clean1 muscular1 without throatiness1 of fair length1 and gradually widening to shoulders4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders long and sloping1 well laid back1 clearly cut at withers2 chest deep and not broad4 ,,back4--,short1 straight1 and strong1 with no appearance of slackness4 ,,loins4--,powerful and very slightly arched4 ,fore ribs moderately arched2 back ribs deep4 ,the dog should be well ribbed up4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,strong1 muscular1 quite free from droop or crouch2 thighs long and powerful2 hocks near the ground4 ,illustration ,,stern4--,set on rather high1 carried gaily1 but not over back or curled2 of good strength1 anything approaching a 8pipe-stopper0 tail being especially objectionable4 ,,legs4--,straight1 showing little or no appearance of ankle in front2 strong in bone1 short and straight in pastern4 ,both fore and hind legs carried straight forward in traveling2 stifles not turning outward2 elbows perpendicular to the body4 ,,feet4--,round1 compact1 not large2 soles hard and tough2 toes moderately arched1 and turned neither in nor out4 ,,coat4--,smooth1 flat1 hard1 dense1 and abundant4 ,belly and under side of thighs should not be bare4 ,,color4--,white should predominate2 brindle1 red1 or liver markings are objectionable4 ,illustration ,,symmetry1 ,,size1 ,,and ,,character4--,the dog must present a generally gay1 lively1 and active appearance4 ,bone and strength in a small compass1 but this does not mean that a fox-terrier should be cloggy or in any way coarse4 ,speed and endurance must be looked to as well as power1 and the symmetry of the foxhound taken as a model4 ,the terrier must on no account be leggy1 nor must it be too short in leg4 ,it should stand like a cleverly made hunter1 covering a lot of ground1 yet with a short back4 ,,weight is not a certain criterion of a terrier's fitness for its work2 general shape1 size1 and contour are the main points2 it should not scale over #bj pounds in show condition4 ,,the ,,terrier 7,,fox1 ,,wire-,,haired74 ,illustration3 ,g4 ,m4 ,carnochan's1 #df ,exchange ,place1 ,new ,york4 ,,thornfield ,,knockout4 ,illustration ,with the exception of the coat1 which should be broken1 the origin1 uses1 and scale of points of this breed are identical with the smooth-coated variety4 ,the harder and more wiry the texture of the coat is1 the better4 ,the dog should not look nor feel woolly1 and there should be no silky hair4 ,the coat should not be too long1 but it should show a marked difference from the smooth species4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,irish74 ,illustration3 ,w4 ,j4 ,comstock's1 ,providence1 ,r4 ,i4 ,,dunmurry4 ,,origin4--,mr4 ,george ,r4 ,krehl1 editor of the ,london 7,england7 8,stockkeeper0 and ,english vice-president of the ,irish ,terrier ,club1 says this is a true and distinct breed1 indigenous to ,ireland1 and that no man can trace its origin1 which is lost in antiquity4 ,,uses4--,rabbiting1 and as a vermin-dog4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head1 jaws1 teeth1 and eyes #ae ,ears #e ,legs and feet #aj ,neck #e ,shoulders and chest #aj ,back and loins #aj ,hind quarters and stern #aj ,coat #ae ,color #aj ,size and symmetry #aj --- ,total #ajj ,negative ,points4 ,white nails1 toes1 and feet #aj ,much white on chest #aj ,ears cropped #e ,mouth undershot #aj ,coat shaggy or curly #aj ,uneven in color #e --- ,total #ej ,illustration ,,head4--,long2 skull flat1 rather narrow between ears1 free from wrinkle2 stop hardly visible4 ,jaws strong1 muscular1 but not too full in cheek1 and of good punishing length4 ,there should be a slight falling away below the eye1 so as not to have a greyhound appearance4 ,hair on face same description as on body3 short 7about inch long71 almost smooth and straight2 a slight beard is permissible1 and that is characteristic4 ,teeth strong and level4 ,lips not so tight as a bull-terrier's1 but well fitting4 ,nose black4 ,eyes dark hazel1 small1 not prominent1 full of life1 fire1 and intelligence4 ,ears1 when uncut1 small and ,v-shaped1 of moderate thickness1 set well up1 dropping forward close to cheek1 free from fringe1 and hair thereon shorter and generally darker in color than the body4 ,,neck4--,fair length1 gradually widening toward shoulders1 free from throatiness1 with a slight sort of frill at each side of neck1 running nearly to corner of ear1 which is characteristic4 ,,shoulders ,,and ,,chest4--,shoulders must be fine1 long1 sloping2 chest deep1 muscular1 but neither full nor wide4 ,,back ,,and ,,loins4--,body moderately long2 back strong1 straight1 with no appearance of slackness2 loins broad1 powerful1 slightly arched2 ribs fairly sprung1 rather deep than round4 ,,hind ,,quarters4--,well under the dog1 strong1 muscular2 thighs powerful2 hocks near the ground2 stifles not much bent4 ,,stern4--,generally docked1 free from fringe or feather2 set on pretty high2 carried gaily1 but not over back1 nor curled4 ,,feet ,,and ,,legs4--,feet strong1 tolerably round1 moderately small2 toes arched1 neither turned out nor in2 black toe-nails4 ,legs moderately long1 well set on1 perfectly straight1 plenty of bone and muscle2 pasterns short and straight2 fore and hind legs moving straight forward when traveling2 stifles not turned outward2 legs free of feather1 and covered with hair as on head4 ,,coat4--,hard1 wiry1 not soft nor silky1 not so long as to hide outlines of body2 straight1 flat1 no shagginess1 no lock nor curl4 ,,color4--8,whole-colored10 the most preferable being bright red1 wheaten1 yellow1 and gray2 brindle disqualifying4 ,white sometimes appears on chest and feet2 more objectionable on the latter4 ,,symmetry4--,the dog must present an active1 lively1 lithe1 and wiry appearance2 lots of substance1 free of clumsiness1 and framed on the 8lines of speed40 ,illustration ,,temperament4--,the ,irish terrier1 as a breed1 is remarkably good-tempered1 notably so with mankind1 it being admitted1 however1 that it is perhaps a little too ready to resent interference on part of other dogs1 hence called 8daredevils40 ,,weight4--,sixteen to twenty-four pounds4 ,,disqualifications4--,nose cherry or red2 brindle color4 ,,the ,,terrier 7,,maltese74 ,illustration3 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,p4 ,wade's1 ,corona1 ,l4 ,i4 ,,flossie4 ,,origin4--,indigenous to the island of ,malta1 and spoken of by ,aristotle1 ,b4,c4 #cgj1 as the lap-dog of the fashionable ,greeks and ,romans4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,a pet dog essentially4 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,size #ae ,coat #ae ,color #ae ,color of eyes #aj ,color of nose #aj ,tail #aj ,ears #e ,legs and body #aj ,symmetry #aj --- ,total #ajj ,as no standard is adopted1 the following is the description of the dog4 ,,weight4--,five pounds2 limit1 seven pounds4 ,,color4--,all white1 with long1 silky hair1 looking like spun glass1 straight1 not curly1 length not less than #g inches4 ,illustration ,,head ,,and ,,body4--,nose and eyes black4 ,tail turned or doubled into coat on back4 ,ears small1 drooping1 well clad with hair4 ,mouth level2 teeth white4 ,black-coated specimens are very rare and desirable4 ,,defect4--,ears with fawn markings4 ,,the ,,terrier 7,,scottish74 ,illustration3 ,newcastle ,kennels1 ,brookline1 ,mass4 ,,bellingham ,,bailiff4 ,,bonny ,c4 ,,origin4--,nothing definite of this breed can be traced1 though it was for years known in ,scotland as the ,skye terrier4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,unearthing vermin1 badgers1 foxes1 etc4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,skull #g ,muzzle #g ,eyes #e ,ears #e ,neck #e ,chest #e ,body #ae ,legs and feet #aj ,tail #b ,coat #ae ,size #aj ,color #b ,general appearance #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,the face should bear a very sharp1 bright1 and active expression1 and head carried up4 ,the dog should look compact and be possessed of great muscle in his hind quarters4 ,a ,scottish terrier cannot be too powerfully put together4 ,,head4--,skull long1 slightly domed1 covered with short1 hard hair about inch long or less2 skull not quite flat4 ,muzzle very powerful1 tapering toward nose1 which should be black and of good size2 jaws level2 teeth square1 though the nose projects somewhat over the mouth4 ,eyes wide apart1 dark brown or hazel1 small and piercing4 ,ears very small1 prick or half prick1 sharp-pointed1 the hair not long1 and free from any fringe on top4 ,,neck4--,short1 thick1 muscular2 strongly set on sloping shoulders4 ,,chest4--,broad and proportionately deep4 ,illustration ,,body4--,moderate length1 rather flat-sided1 well ribbed up1 and exceedingly strong in hind quarters4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs short1 and very heavy in bone1 the front ones being straight or slightly bent1 and well set on under body2 hocks bent2 thighs very muscular2 feet strong1 small1 and thickly covered with short hair4 ,,tail4--,about #g inches long1 carried with a slight bend1 and never cut4 ,,coat4--,rather short 7about #b inches71 intensely hard1 wiry1 and very dense4 ,,size4--,about #af pounds for a dog2 #ad pounds for a bitch4 ,,colors4--,steel or iron gray1 brindle1 black1 red1 wheaten1 yellow1 or mustard color4 ,white markings are most objectionable4 ,,height4--,nine to twelve inches4 ,,faults4--,large or light eyes2 silky or curly coat4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,skye74 ,illustration3 7,from ,ladies' ,kennel ,journal47 ,,laird ,,duncan4 ,,origin4--,entirely lost4 ,indigenous1 no doubt1 to ,scotland4 ,,uses4--,a good1 gamy vermin-dog1 hardy and tough4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,size #ae ,head #ae ,ears #aj ,body #ae ,tail #aj ,legs #aj ,coat #bj ,color #e --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,long2 powerful jaws1 incisors closing level1 or upper jaws just fitting under4 ,skull wide at front of brow1 narrowing between ears1 tapering to muzzle1 with little falling in between or behind eyes4 ,eyes hazel1 medium size1 close set4 ,muzzle black4 ,ears1 when pricked1 not large2 erect at outer edges1 slanting toward each other inward4 ,when pendent1 larger1 hanging straight1 and flat and close at front4 ,,body4--,preminently long and low2 shoulders broad2 chest deep2 ribs well sprung1 oval-shaped1 giving flat appearance to sides4 ,hind quarters full and well developed4 ,back level1 and declining from top of hip to shoulders4 ,neck long and well crested4 ,,tail4--,when hanging1 upper half perpendicular1 under half thrown backward in a curve4 ,when raised1 a prolongation of outline of back1 not rising higher nor curling up4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs short1 straight1 muscular1 no dew-claws4 ,feet large1 pointing forward4 ,illustration ,,coat 7,,double74--,under coat short1 close1 soft1 and woolly2 and over coat long 7#e inches71 hard1 straight1 flat1 free from crisp or curl4 ,hair on head shorter1 softer1 veiling forehead and eyes2 on ears1 overhanging inside1 falling down1 not heavily1 but surrounding ear like fringe2 tail also feathered4 ,,color4--,dark or light blue1 or gray or fawn with black points4 ,,height ,,and ,,length4--,height at shoulder #i inches2 length1 occiput to root of tail1 #bb inches4 ,,weight4--,dogs1 #ah pounds2 bitches1 #af pounds4 ,,disqualifications4--,doctored ears or tail2 weight over #bj pounds2 over- or under-shot jaws4 ,illustration ,,terriers 7,,toy74 ,toy terriers are judged by the same points as the large specimens of the same breed4 ,,the ,,terrier 7,,welsh74 ,illustration3 ,john ,brett's1 ,closter1 ,n4 ,j4 ,,tory ,,ii4 ,,origin4--,claimed by some to be of ,welsh origin1 by others of ,english origin4 ,however that may be1 the breed was only recognized by the ,english ,kennel ,club in #ahhf1 and catalogued under title of 8,welsh or ,english wire-haired black-and-tan terriers40 ,,uses4--,essentially a vermin-dog1 8dead game40 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #bj ,neck and shoulders #aj ,body #aj ,loins and hind quarters #aj ,legs and feet #ae ,coat #ae ,color #aj ,symmetry #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,skull flat1 rather wider between ears than the wire-haired fox-terrier4 ,jaws powerful1 clean cut1 rather deeper and more punishing--giving head a more masculine appearance than that usually seen on a fox-terrier4 ,stop not too defined2 fair length from stop to end of nose4 ,nose black4 ,ears ,v-shaped1 small1 not too thin1 set on fairly high1 carried forward and close to cheek4 ,eyes small1 not too deeply set in nor protruding1 dark hazel1 expressive1 and indicating abundant pluck4 ,,neck4--,moderate length and thickness1 slightly arched and sloping4 ,illustration ,,body4--,back short1 well ribbed up2 loins strong2 good depth and moderate width of chest2 shoulders long1 sloping1 well set back2 hind quarters strong2 thighs muscular2 hocks moderately straight1 and well let down4 ,stern set on moderately high1 and not too gaily carried4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs straight1 muscular1 good bone1 strong pasterns4 ,feet cat-like4 ,,coat4--,wiry1 hard1 very close1 and abundant4 ,,color4--,black or grizzle and tan1 free from pencilings on toes4 ,,size ,,and ,,weight4--,fifteen inches in dogs2 average weight1 #bj pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,white ,,english74 ,illustration3 ,l4 ,a4 ,van ,zandt's1 ,new ,city1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,tommy ,,atkins ,,ii4 ,,origin4--,wholly unknown1 but the greatest number come from ,manchester 7,england74 ,,uses4--,a very companionable gamy dog4 ,illustration 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,head #bj ,eyes and expression #ae ,neck and shoulders #aj ,legs1 feet1 and chest #ae ,coat #aj ,stern #aj ,symmetry #aj ,size #aj --- ,total #ajj ,,head4--,narrow1 long1 level1 almost flat2 skull wedge-shaped1 well filled below eyes1 not lippy4 ,eyes small1 black1 oblong1 and set fairly close4 ,nose black4 ,ears cropped and standing perfectly erect4 ,,neck ,,and ,,shoulders4--,neck fairly long1 tapering2 shoulders sloping1 no throatiness1 slightly arched at occiput4 ,,body4--,chest narrow1 deep2 body short1 curving upward at loins2 ribs well sprung4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs perfectly straight1 well under body1 moderate bone2 feet cat-like4 ,illustration ,,tail4--,moderate length1 and set on where arch of back ends2 thick where it joins body1 tapering1 and not carried higher than the back4 ,,coat4--,close1 hard1 short1 glossy4 ,,color4--,pure white2 colored markings disqualify4 ,,weight4--,limit1 #bj pounds2 #ad pounds preferable4 ,illustration ,,the ,,terrier 7,,yorkshire74 ,illustration3 ,mrs4 ,f4 ,senn's1 #bgh ,west ,eleventh ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,,duke ,,of ,,gainsboro4 ,,origin4--,this dog's home is ,manchester 7,england71 where it is said to have been originated1 the black-and-tan1 ,skye1 and ,maltese terriers all being credited with its paternity4 ,except in color1 it resembles greatest the latter dog4 ,illustration ,,uses4--,essentially a toy dog1 beautiful and aristocratic4 99 ,,scale ,,of ,,points1 ,,etc4 ,value4 ,quantity and color of hair on body #be ,quality of coat #ae ,tan #ae ,head #aj ,eyes #e ,mouth #e ,ears #e ,legs and feet #e ,general appearance #aj ,tail #e --- ,total #ajj ,,general ,,appearance4--,a long-coated1 well-proportioned pet dog2 coat straight and hanging evenly down each side1 parted from nose to end of tail2 very compact in form1 neat1 sprightly1 and bearing an important air4 ,illustration ,,head4--,rather small1 flat1 not too round in skull1 broad at muzzle2 black nose4 ,hair on muzzle very long1 of bright golden tan1 unmixed with dark or sooty hair4 ,hair on sides of head very long1 and of deeper tan than on center of head4 ,eyes medium in size1 not prominent1 dark1 with intelligent expression2 edges of eyelids dark4 ,ears cut or uncut1 quite erect2 if not cut1 ,v-shaped1 small1 and erect1 covered with short hair2 color deep tan4 ,mouth even2 teeth sound2 a loose tooth or two not objectionable4 ,,body4--,very compact1 good loins1 and level on top of back4 ,,coat4--,hair as long and straight as possible1 not wavy2 glossy1 like silk1 not woolly2 extending from back of head to root of tail4 ,color bright steel blue1 not intermingled with fawn1 light or dark hairs4 ,,legs ,,and ,,feet4--,legs quite straight2 hair on same a bright golden tan1 a shade lighter at ends than at roots4 ,feet round as possible2 toe-nails black4 ,,weight4--,divided1 viz41 under #e pounds1 over #e pounds2 limit1 #ab pounds4 ,illustration ,,the ,,whippet4 ,illustration3 ,w4 ,j4 ,comstock's1 ,providence1 ,r4 ,i4 ,,mary4 ,,origin4--,on account of it being little else than a small ,english greyhound1 its origin is traced to that breed1 by which standard it is judged4 ,,uses4--,occasionally for coursing rabbits1 but chiefly for trials of speed of about #bjj yards4 ,the dogs are run in couples1 the waving of a handkerchief or other cloth being the incentive to run4 ,,height4--,at shoulders about #ah inches4 ,illustration ,,treatment ,,of ,,the ,,dog ,,in ,,health4 ,,first ,,principles4 ,teach your dog to obey you through kindness if possible1 but teach it4 ,remember always that it has as much feeling as the average human being1 and wonders can be worked through kindness4 ,rather than strike it with a whip1 strike at it1 the swish of the whip generally having about as much effect as a well-delivered 8strike40 ,the next duty is to teach the dog to be clean about the house4 ,should it forget itself1 make its nose well acquainted with the 8offense10 rubbing it as hard as you please1 8warm its jacket0 well1 and then turn it out of doors with a well-delivered slap on the body4 ,a repetition of the 8moral suasion0 act is rarely necessary4 ,in the morning let it out of the house into the yard the first thing you do1 and repeat it the last thing before retiring2 it will soon learn to understand the meaning of all this and cease to cause trouble4 ,patience--and sometimes a great deal of it1 too--is required to make the dog 8well mannered10 but perseverance will achieve the desired result4 ,,never strike a dog on the head2 the body presents sufficient surface4 ,,breaking ,,to ,,chain4 ,some dogs take kindly to instruction in this regard1 others rebel against it4 ,put a collar on the dog several days before you intend breaking it to chain4 ,try conscientiously the coaxing process first2 if it fails1 then nothing remains but to drag the dog along till from fear of choking it is forced to follow4 ,once having undertaken it1 don't stop till you have accomplished your object4 ,this treatment should not in stubborn cases last over half an hour1 though sometimes heavy and headstrong dogs may require two hours4 ,in the majority of cases after half an hour's teaching the dog will lead 8steady by jerks10 and in a couple of days will become used to the chain4 ,if1 however1 after a week's experience it tugs and pulls on the lead1 use a slip-noose collar1 which tightens as the strain grows greater4 ,choking off its wind when it pulls hard1 it will soon grow weary and act rationally4 ,should this treatment still prove inefficient1 some people resort to the spike collar1 which1 however1 should be used only with the greatest judgment4 ,no one ever treated his dogs more kindly than ,i1 yet1 though ,i never had a dog upon which it became necessary to use a spike collar1 still1 perhaps ,i would have used one rather than have my shoulder pulled out of its socket by a dog which ,i took out for companionship4 ,i would use it only as a last resort1 and then with the utmost caution4 ,,feeding4 ,the dog in its wild state is nearly1 if not wholly1 carnivorous1 but when domesticated becomes omnivorous and therefore thrives best on a mixed diet of bread1 meat1 and vegetables4 ,excepting when training or hunting your dogs1 a purely meat diet is not desirable any more than it would be for a human being4 ,while its stomach has the power to digest bones1 gristle1 etc41 through the excessive secretions of gastric juices1 still it is very easily deranged1 and when so affected it may take days for it to resume its normal state2 hence expel the thought that any kind of food is 8good enough for a dog40 ,avoid giving very much corn-meal1 as it is too heating and is not possessed of much strength-giving qualities4 ,let the diet1 whether it is for a ,st4 ,bernard or a fox-terrier1 be a mixture of meat 7boiled tripe and mutton are excellent7 cooked till it is in shreds1 oatmeal1 barley1 rice1 carrots1 bread1 potatoes1 cabbage1 or any other vegetable added so as to make the whole thick1 and rendered palatable by a goodly supply of salt4 ,avoid giving chop1 steak1 or fowl bones1 as they are apt to splinter1 and1 lodging in the intestines1 very frequently cause death4 ,give plentifully of large1 soft bones 7such as knuckles71 which are easily chewed1 as they act as a sort of tooth-brush1 and aid digestion greatly4 ,scraps of all sorts from the table tend best to preserve the dog's health4 ,for toy dogs well-cooked rice1 finely chopped boiled tripe1 warm milk1 and lean meat scraps from the table1 mixed with vegetables1 should form the common diet4 ,as these dogs are very light eaters1 they may be fed three times a day1 care being exercised that they do not overload their stomachs at any time4 ,sweets of all kinds are objectionable4 ,unlike the human stomach1 the dog's needs much rest2 so in the morning feed 8just a crumb0 and at night let it eat all it desires4 ,a little flour of sulphur or powdered magnesia 7a quarter-teaspoonful7 now and again will do no harm4 ,constant and free access to fresh1 clean water must not be neglected4 ,as soon as the dog has eaten all it desires1 take the uneaten food away1 and do not let it remain to be nibbled at during the day or night4 ,boiled liver is an admirable alterative1 and one good meal of it should be fed at least once a week4 ,if you find your dog has no appetite1 don't try to coax or force it1 but cease to offer it any food whatever for at least twenty-four hours4 ,a fast of forty-eight hours will do it no harm in such cases1 and total abstinence often wards off sickness4 ,should it be disposed to eat grass or horse-droppings1 don't try to prevent it1 as both are nature's mild remedy for a disordered stomach4 ,in short1 feed your dog as you would a human being1 and the result will be satisfactory4 ,the feeding of meat does not in any way affect the scenting powers of a dog1 nor does it produce worms1 distemper1 or kindred diseases1 as so often stated4 ,having used the foregoing diet both at home1 with my favorite dog1 and at my kennels1 where ,i have had as many as ninety at one time1 my experience with it for twenty years convinces me that it cannot be improved upon1 whether used for a single dog or an entire pack4 ,puppies from time of weaning up to six months of age should be fed four times daily1 from six to nine months three times1 and after that age feed same as grown dogs2 they too thrive best on diet as already described4 ,fresh raw minced meat is good1 especially for puppies2 it strengthens them and tones the stomach4 ,give freely of fresh milk and buttermilk1 especially the latter1 as it keeps the stomach sweet4 ,when puppies are about three weeks old they should be taught to lap scalded milk 7sweetened a little7 by gently putting their noses into it4 ,they will instinctively lick it off1 and after a few lessons will soon lap eagerly4 ,this is always a great relief to a nursing mother1 especially where the pups are vigorous or the litter large4 ,a little bread or rice added when they are about four weeks old will do them a vast deal of good4 ,remember always1 if you want strong1 healthy dogs1 that as puppies they should be fed nutritious food4 ,bitches in whelp and while nursing pups should be fed on a soft or mushy diet1 such as soups1 porridge1 etc41 as it produces more and better milk1 and often prevents fevers4 ,if you accompany your dogs to a show1 and they are not accustomed to the usual food given there1 it is always best to give them scraps from a neighboring restaurant1 as some dog-biscuits cause excessive purging4 ,there1 too1 they frequently become very nervous1 lose their appetites1 and often take cold1 resulting in fevers2 so it is not a bad scheme during a show to give your setters1 for instance1 one grain powdered quinine twice a day 7smaller or larger dogs in proportion7 during the entire show and for some days after it is over4 ,it has been tried with most beneficial results4 ,,value ,,of ,,exercise4 ,all dogs1 whether large or small1 should have exercise1 and plenty of it1 in order to aid digestion1 keep the heart and lungs in good action1 and thereby insure a good appetite4 ,puppies1 as is natural to them1 take plenty of exercise2 but it is when they are grown up that care should be taken that they do not become sluggish and so pave the way to obesity1 which tends to affect the coat1 digestion1 and general appearance4 ,the small varieties will generally of themselves keep 8on the go10 but mastiffs1 setters1 and such other large dogs are not always disposed to move about much of their own free will2 hence make them the companions of your walks4 ,it is twofold in its good results3 it makes you understand each other better1 and does the dog no end of good4 ,bitches in whelp should have plenty of gentle exercise4 ,,washing ,,and ,,grooming4 ,do not wash your dogs too often1 as it removes the natural oil and consequently the gloss1 which is so much desired4 ,careful and daily brushing with a dandy-brush1 followed by a rubbing down with mittens made of chamois leather1 will keep a dog's coat in wonderfully fine condition and for a long while4 ,the hound gloves are found to be of great value with smooth-coated dogs1 such as ,great ,danes1 pointers1 bull-terriers1 etc4 ,in the long-haired classes use a brush with one-and-a-half-inch bristles1 and a comb with teeth very short and wide apart1 not unlike a barber's comb4 ,when washing1 best results are attained with pure ,castile soap1 and after rinsing off the dog then using the imported ,german green soft soap4 ,the latter seems to restore the gloss1 is better than using eggs1 and does not leave the hair so dry4 ,don't wash your dog within two hours after feeding1 and when you do it1 do it as quickly as possible1 using lukewarm water4 ,exercise the dog freely after it has been well dried4 ,towels made of salt-sacks are the best for drying purposes4 ,great care should be taken in washing ,yorkshires and toy spaniels1 as1 their coats being soft1 they hold the dampness even after they appear to be thoroughly dry4 ,the best and safest mode is as follows3 ,place the dog in a little foot-tub of lukewarm water deep enough to reach to its elbows1 and cover the body with soap-suds1 never putting the soap on the coat4 ,with a soft hair-brush of long bristles brush the hair with the suds1 always brushing from the center downward1 thus reaching all parts of the body1 including the head4 ,when the dog is cleaned gently force all the suds and water out by smoothing the hair as instructed in brushing1 then lift it into another tub of clean lukewarm water and with a soft sponge rinse well4 ,stand the dog on a table1 envelop the body in a soft towel or cloth1 and gently press the hands over it until the water and moisture are all absorbed by the cloth4 ,never ruffle or rub the hair2 simply smooth it4 ,now with a comb of short and widely separated teeth comb out the hair1 and with about three brushes1 always kept dry by being laid before the fire1 brush the hair till it is perfectly dry4 ,then lay the dog before the fire1 where it will be very warm1 thus insuring it from catching cold4 ,such prominent breeders as ,senn1 ,burkhardt1 et al41 dry their dogs in an oven made especially for the purpose4 ,after the dog is thoroughly dried1 brush it1 let it run about the house for an hour or so1 and then let it rest on a linen-covered cushion1 which is far better than velvet or plush1 as the coat does not adhere to it4 ,a very little fine oil in the palm of the hand rubbed over the coat will generally restore the gloss after washing4 ,,fleas4 ,the bane of a dog's existence is fleas4 ,they are especially troublesome to puppies1 worrying them till they become fretful1 causing them to irritate the skin and tear their coats through scratching1 seeking relief from itching4 ,in addition1 where fleas are particularly numerous on a dog they will often so affect it that its appetite is impaired and its digestive organs affected by worriment4 ,carbolic soaps will kill these pests1 also destroy the hair if constantly used2 therefore the greatest permanent relief is found in using a powder4 ,the best results can be attained by taking the dog into the yard or street1 dusting it thoroughly with ,p4 ,d4 ,q4 ,compound ,powder1 rubbing it well into the skin1 when both fleas and nits will cease to exist4 ,it is not injurious either to the dog or its hair1 and if used on furniture or carpets will prove equally efficacious4 ,,kenneling4 ,if you desire to kennel your dog out of doors1 remember always that it can stand almost any amount of cold1 provided its kennel is clean and dry and elevated about six inches above the ground4 ,the elevation allows a free circulation of air and prevents the bottom of the kennel from getting damp and remaining so4 ,the boards should be tongued and grooved so as to shut out all drafts4 ,provided always with clean1 dry straw1 the dog will thrive4 ,foul and damp bedding produces mange1 rickets1 distemper1 rheumatism1 etc4 ,if possible avoid keeping the dog on chain1 as it frets and irritates it and is very apt to sour its disposition4 ,,preparing ,a ,,dog ,,for ,,exhibition4 ,to show a dog 8for all there is in him10 its coat should be in perfect condition1 free from all dead hair1 and in the form as called for in the standard pertaining to its special breed4 ,the body should be round1 the ribs well covered2 and in sporting and large specimens the muscles should be well developed and hard4 ,where two exhibits about equal in points of conformation come together in the judging ring1 the one shown in the best 8condition0 will receive the blue ribbon4 ,grooming in the smaller breeds is generally 8nine points0 toward conditioning4 ,,treatment ,,of ,,the ,,dog ,,in ,,sickness4 ,in sickness the patient should always receive the very kindest treatment and be spoken to very gently4 ,rough or harsh handling is peculiarly hurtful where affections are of a nervous character4 ,when exhaustion is very great1 and the patient absolutely refuses to eat1 soft1 nutritious food should be forced down the throat by first placing it in the mouth1 then closing the jaws gently yet firmly1 and softly rubbing the windpipe with the hand1 thus causing the patient to swallow4 ,strange to relate1 almost any sick dog will eagerly eat meat which has been masticated by its attendant4 ,warmth and perfect quiet are great factors of a complete and early recovery4 ,when convalescent the patient should have soft1 nourishing food 7beef-tea and rice1 etc471 and whenever meat is given it should be hashed or cut as fine as possible4 ,a little port-wine can always be given in this description of food with beneficial results4 ,food should be administered in small quantities and at short intervals4 ,,bruises1 ,,sprains1 ,,etc4 ,spirits of turpentine 0 hartshorn ,laudanum ,rape-oil ,mix equal parts of above1 forming a liniment1 and anoint parts affected4 ,where an abrasion exists1 touch it with friars' balsam1 and rub liniment around the broken skin1 not on it4 ,,burns4 ,use equal parts of linseed-oil and lime-water1 applying it freely and as soon after the accident as possible4 ,,canker ,,of ,,the ,,ear4 ,internal canker is an inflammation of the lining membrane of the passage to the ear1 accompanied sometimes with suppuration1 and when of long standing has a most offensive-smelling discharge4 ,a mangy affection of the ear is often confounded with1 or supposed to be1 an external canker4 ,,symptoms4--,the ear is very red1 inflamed1 and heated4 ,the dog continually scratches it1 shaking the head as if to remove something from it4 ,after syringing the ear well with warm water and ,castile soap1 use the following remedy twice daily1 holding the dog's head sidewise on the lap and gently pouring a little into the ear4 ,goulard's extract of lead oz4 ,glycerin and carbolic acid 0 ,olive-oil #b 0 ,shake the bottle well before using4 ,relief should follow almost immediately4 ,,colds4 ,,symptoms4--,chilliness1 shivering1 languor1 dry1 hot nose1 accompanied by a thin discharge from the nose4 ,if the patient is not attended to at once the complaint may lead to distemper and fevers4 ,use ,fever ,mixture1 and keep patient warm4 ,,colic ,,and ,,inflammation ,,of ,,the ,,bowels4 ,to discover the difference between colic and inflammation of the bowels1 press the hand along the belly1 and if the movement gives relief1 the probable trouble is colic4 ,if pain attends the pressure1 it is probably inflammation4 ,in these two cases1 my advice is to consult a veterinarian at once4 ,the symptoms of both affections are evidenced by the dog standing with arched back and feet drawn toward one another1 or crouching with belly on the ground4 ,inflammation is generally of slower development than colic4 ,when a dog is affected with colic it is often shown when it is apparently in the best of health and eating well2 it is seized with spasms1 causing it to moan and howl4 ,the causes are about identical with inflammation of the bowels4 ,as soon as convinced that colic is the cause of the trouble1 give at once1 to a dog of1 say1 #be pounds1 not quite a teaspoonful of the following in three tablespoonfuls of milk or gruel3 compound spirits of sulphuric ether 7,hoffman's anodyne7 and tincture of opium1 equal parts4 ,if relief does not immediately ensue1 repeat the dose in half an hour4 ,after permanent relief1 give ,purgative ,mixture1 once a day for three days4 7,see ,inflammation of the ,bowels47 ,,coughs4 ,cough is a symptom of disease rather than a disease in itself1 and arises from different causes1 differing in character as do the diseases which it precedes1 viz43 in the common cold the cough is slight and humid2 in bronchitis1 hard1 dry1 and frequent2 in inflammation of the lungs and pleurisy1 short and suppressed1 accompanied with great pain2 in asthma1 hard and wheezy1 followed by vomiting2 in distemper1 husky and hollow4 ,for the common cold or cough use either ,cough ,remedy ,no4 #a or ,no4 #b4 ,the first is especially good for affections of the respiratory organs4 ,,cough ,,remedy ,,no4 #a4 ,powdered ipecacuanha #f grains 0 opium #f 0 ,compound squill pill #bd 0 ,powdered gum ammoniacum #bd 0 0 licorice #bd 0 0 rhubarb #ab 0 ,make into #bd pills4 ,dose for #be-pound dog1 one pill night and morning4 ,,cough ,,remedy ,,no4 #b4 ,elixir paregoric oz4 ,syrup of squills #a 0 ,give #a teaspoonful for dog of #be pounds every six hours4 ,,cuts1 ,,wounds1 ,,etc4 ,as soon as the cut stops bleeding1 which is accomplished either by holding the parts together with the fingers or by use of a lint bandage1 wash the wound thoroughly with warm water so as to remove all foreign substances4 ,then apply with a soft brush a dressing of friars' balsam1 which will form a sort of crust over the wound1 keeping out dust1 dirt1 etc41 and allowing the wound to heal quickly4 ,the sewing up of a wound is a very easy affair4 ,pass the needle through the skin on one side of the wound from the outside inward1 and through the corresponding part on the opposite side from the inside outward4 ,draw the lips of the wound together gently1 and tying the silk thread in a strong knot1 cut off ends close1 so that the dog cannot bite them4 ,each stitch must be tied separately1 and should be about half an inch apart4 ,if possible the dog should be muzzled1 not only during the operation1 but for several days afterward4 ,the wound should be constantly washed with the following3 ,carbolic acid oz4 ,glycerin #b 0 ,water #cb 0 ,in bandaging a wound1 saturate the cloth with a mixture of equal parts of camphorated oil and friars' balsam4 ,,diarrhea ,,mixture4 ,powdered chalk #c drams ,aromatic confection 7powder7 #b 0 ,powdered gum acacia #a dram ,tinct4 opium #a oz4 ,oil cassia #h drops ,tinct4 catechu #c drams ,sp4 sal volatile #b 0 ,water sufficient to make #h oz4 ,dose for a young puppy of the small breeds1 teaspoonful2 #a teaspoonful for puppies of the large breeds1 and #a to #b tablespoonfuls for grown dogs1 according to size of the breed4 ,repeat every three or four hours till relief is obtained or till purging ceases4 ,,distemper4 ,there are three kinds of distemper1 viz41 of the head1 of the lungs1 and of the bowels4 ,good nursing is nine points out of ten for conquering this fell disease4 ,,symptoms4--,mucous discharge from eyes or nose1 or both1 dry1 hacking cough1 general lassitude1 diarrhea of very offensive odor4 ,do not try to treat the patient1 for1 unless you are an ,m4,d4 or have had a long experience with the disease1 you will probably make a sorry mess of it4 ,until a veterinarian arrives1 keep the patient quiet1 warm1 out of all draft1 feeding only beef-tea with brandy added4 ,do not give solid food under any circumstances4 ,bear always in mind that this disease is most contagious1 and1 to prevent it from spreading1 the patient should be quarantined from all other dogs1 the farther off the better4 ,dr4 ,t4 ,g4 ,sherwood1 a member of the ,royal ,college of ,veterinary ,surgery1 #abg ,west ,thirty-seventh ,street1 ,new ,york1 inoculated four of the author's dogs1 and the result was satisfactory beyond all expectation1 as other dogs not so treated quickly succumbed to the disease4 ,as distemper is about equivalent to pneumonia or inflammation of the lungs in human beings1 the reader will readily understand how useless it would be for a layman to try to treat these diseases4 ,,fever ,,mixture4 ,powdered nitre #a dram ,sweet sp4 nitre oz4 ,mindererus spirits #a 0 ,wine antimony #a dram ,water 7distilled7 #d oz4 ,dose for #be-pound dog1 #a tablespoonful every four hours in a little gruel4 ,,inflammation ,,of ,,the ,,bowels4 ,the main causes of this affection are irregular1 improper1 or stale diet1 irritation caused by some hard1 indigestible substance in the stomach1 exposure to cold or wet1 and a blow1 such as a kick4 ,,symptoms4--,feverishness1 nose hot and dry1 shivering1 distended belly1 and scanty or highly colored urine4 ,as this sickness needs scientific treatment1 call in a veterinarian at once4 ,if1 however1 you desire to try to relieve the dog awaiting his advent1 proceed at once to give injections of thin oatmeal gruel or soap and lukewarm water1 each containing about one ounce of castor-oil4 ,continue these injections every fifteen minutes till relief is given4 ,the utmost gentleness must be used in this procedure1 the patient being coaxed to rest on its side while the injections are being administered4 ,in order to prevent a recurrence of the trouble1 give the ,mild ,purgative ,no4 #a1 and after the danger is past1 then ,tonic ,pills ,no4 #a4 7,see ,colic47 ,,inflammation ,,of ,,the ,,bladder4 ,use ,fever ,mixture1 preceded by ,mild ,purgative ,no4 #a4 ,,lotion ,,for ,,eyes4 ,extract belladonna dram ,rose-water #d oz4 ,wine opium #b drams and use as a lotion4 ,in affections of long standing use3 ,sulphite of zinc #ab grains ,tinct4 belladonna #a dram ,wine opium #b drams ,rose-water #d oz4 and use as a lotion4 ,,lotion ,,for ,,sore ,,feet4 ,tinct4 arnica oz4 0 matico 0 0 opium #a 0 ,acetic acid 0 ,mix with #a quart distilled water and apply freely4 ,where inflammation is very great and the feet are swollen1 first apply a poultice of bran and boiled turnips1 equal parts4 ,,mange4 ,mange as applied to animals is the same as itch in human beings1 being beyond question caused by a parasite burrowing into the skin1 resulting in the falling out of the hair1 and sometimes in an exudation of an offensive-smelling pus1 itching to such a degree that the patient scratches continuously4 ,there are two varieties of mange1 viz41 sarcoptic and follicular1 both of which are contagious to animals1 though very rarely to human beings4 ,the first variety shows itself in little red spots1 which exude a sort of pus1 and these will spread over the entire body unless checked4 ,follicular mange is less irritating than the sarcoptic1 but gives off a very offensive pus4 ,this variety is generally very stubborn before yielding to treatment4 ,provided the affected parts are not raw1 rub well into the skin 7twice daily7 for three days a lotion of equal parts of benzine and sweet-oil4 ,this will destroy the parasites4 ,then for a week apply daily the following1 rubbing it well into the skin3 ,milk sulphur oz4 ,antimony 0 ,whale-oil pint ,purgative ,mixture 7,mild7 should be given twice a week for at least three weeks4 ,a surfeit often shows itself on a dog1 which is sometimes called red mange4 ,this is not due to a parasite1 but to overheated blood1 resulting either from improper food1 want of exercise1 fleas1 or inoperative digestive organs4 ,treat this affection as prescribed for mange4 ,,purgative ,,mixture ,,no4 #a 7,,mild74 ,syrup buckthorn 7pure7 #a oz4 0 white poppies 0 ,castor-oil #a 0 ,dose1 #a tablespoonful every other day for three days for a dog of #bj pounds4 7,the bottle should be well shaken before measuring out the medicine47 ,,purgative ,,mixture ,,no4 #b 7,,strong74 ,podophyllin #f grains ,comp4 ext4 colocynth #cj 0 ,powd4 rhubarb #dh 0 ,ext4 henbane #cf 0 ,mix and make into #bd pills4 ,for a puppy 7setter six months old7 a half-pill1 assisted with a little broth4 ,repeat about every twelve hours until proper relief is had4 ,,tonic ,,pills ,,no4 #a4 ,quinine #ab grains ,sulp4 of iron #ah 0 ,ext4 gentian #bd 0 ,powd4 ginger #ah 0 ,make this into #ab pills1 giving one night and morning4 ,these are particularly good for debility arising from distemper and kindred diseases4 ,,tonic ,,no4 #b4 ,disulphate of quinine #ab grains ,tinct4 gentian #f drams ,syrup orange #f 0 ,diluted sulphuric acid #aj drops ,mix and give a teaspoonful daily to a pup 7setter74 ,graduate dose in proportion to size of dog4 ,,worms4 ,there are three principal worms infesting dogs4 ,first1 the common roundworm1 from two to six inches in length1 of a pale pink color1 very thin like vermicelli1 and greatly resembling the common earth- or angleworm4 ,this is the worm most common in puppies1 and inhabits the stomach and lower intestines4 ,second1 the tnia1 or tapeworm1 made up of white1 flat joints 7about half an inch long71 often of great length1 and also inhabiting the small intestines4 ,it is about as thick as very coarse thread4 ,both extremities of this worm must be removed1 else it will grow again4 ,third1 the pin- or threadworm1 inhabiting the lower bowels1 about half an inch in length and of pinkish color4 ,it is apt to cause partial paralysis in puppies1 which disappears after the worms are expelled4 ,more puppies and grown dogs die each year from worms than from all diseases combined4 ,their presence is generally manifested by the coat being dry and staring1 dull and devoid of gloss1 disturbed sleep very often resulting in fits1 appetite capricious1 distention of the stomach1 breath generally offensive1 nose hot and dry1 loss of flesh1 diarrhea accompanied by mucous discharge1 and general irritableness4 ,from an experience of ten years with ,glover's ,vermifuge for all kinds of worms1 ,i have never found anything to equal it1 especially for puppies1 however delicate4 ,having made it always a point to give my puppies a couple of doses of vermifuge at two and six months of age1 whether they show evidences of having worms or not1 ,i have rarely had any further trouble with these pests4 ,,technical ,,terms4 ,illustration ,apple-head4 ,a rounded head4 ,blaze4 ,white mark up the face4 ,brisket4 ,the part of the body in front of the chest4 ,butterfly-nose4 ,a spotted nose4 ,button-ear4 ,an ear whose tip falls over and covers the orifice4 ,cat-foot4 ,a round1 short foot1 like a cat's4 ,cheeky4 ,when the dog's cheek-bumps are strongly defined4 ,chops4 ,the pendulous lip of the bulldog4 ,coat4 ,the hair4 ,cobby4 ,well ribbed up2 short and compact body4 ,condition4 ,that state of body which shows the coat to be in a healthy state1 the bones well covered1 the body well rounded1 the muscles hard1 and the dog in the best of spirits4 ,cow-hocked4 ,hocks which turn in4 ,dew-claws4 ,the superfluous claws that often appear above the feet on the inside of the legs4 ,dewlap4 ,pendulous skin under the throat4 ,dish-faced4 ,when the dog's nose is higher than his muzzle at the stop4 ,dudley ,nose4 ,flesh-colored4 ,elbow4 ,the top joint of the front leg4 ,feather4 ,the hair at the back of the legs and under the tail4 ,flag4 ,the tail of a setter4 ,flews4 ,pendulous lips1 as seen in a bloodhound4 ,frill4 ,a mass of hair on the breast4 ,harefoot4 ,a long foot1 like a hare's4 ,haw4 ,the red inside of the eyelid1 as shown in bloodhounds1 etc4 ,height4 ,measurement taken from top of shoulder to the ground4 ,knee4 ,joint attaching fore pastern and forearm4 ,leather4 ,the skin of the ear4 ,occiput4 ,the projecting bone or bump at the back of the head4 ,overshot4 ,the upper teeth projecting beyond the under4 ,pastern4 ,lowest section of leg1 below knee or hock4 ,pig-jaw4 ,same as overshot4 ,pily4 ,a term applied to a soft1 woolly coat next the skin1 out of which springs a longer coat4 ,prick-ear4 ,one that stands upright4 ,quality4 ,quality is that evidence of breeding which we see in champion dogs1 namely1 beauty of outline coupled with a fineness of individual points that characterizes the dog at once as being well bred4 ,a horse1 for instance1 may be very strong and serviceable1 yet1 being rough and ungainly1 is said to be lacking in quality4 ,rose-ear4 ,an ear the tip of which turns back and shows the interior of the organ4 ,smudge ,nose4 ,a nose which is not wholly black1 but not spotted1 giving the appearance of some of the black having been rubbed off4 ,stern4 ,the tail4 ,stifles4 ,the top joints of the hind legs4 ,stop4 ,the indentation below the eyes1 which is most perceptible in the bulldog1 but noticeable to a less extent in other breeds4 ,trace4 ,black line extending from occiput to tail4 ,tulip-ear4 ,an erect ear4 ,type4 ,every breed of dogs is possessed of certain characteristics of form and feature that stamp it so indelibly that a typical specimen once being seen it is never forgotten4 ,in the human race1 for instance1 we say a man has a face of ,malay type1 ,chinese type1 etc4 ,the same applies to a dog4 ,undershot4 ,the lower teeth projecting in front of the upper ones4 ,,breeders' ,,directory4 ,beagles4 ,the ,wharton ,beagles1 ,east ,islip1 ,l4 ,i4 ,debonair ,beagle ,kennels1 ,gloversville1 ,n4 ,y4 ,bulldogs4 ,c4 ,g4 ,hopton1 ,rodney ,kennels1 ,rahway1 ,n4 ,j4 ,tyler ,morse1 ,beaverbrook ,kennels1 ,north ,danvers1 ,mass4 ,collies 7,rough74 ,brandane ,kennels 7,black ,hunter71 ,harrisburg1 ,pa4 ,r4 ,g4 ,steacy1 ,box #gbj1 ,brockville1 ,ontario4 ,great ,danes4 ,c4 ,h4 ,mantler1 ,hudson ,kennels1 #ddf ,hudson ,boulevard1 ,jersey ,city ,heights1 ,n4 ,j4 ,greyhounds4 ,woodhaven ,kennels1 ,woodhaven1 ,l4 ,i4 ,h4 ,m4 ,nelson1 #gi ,ninth ,street1 ,long ,island ,city1 ,l4 ,i4 ,c4 ,m4 ,higgins1 #dii ,fourth ,street1 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y4 ,gordon ,setters4 ,j4 ,r4 ,oughton1 ,dwight1 ,ill4 ,pomeranians4 ,mrs4 ,j4 ,m4 ,rhodes1 ,ardmore1 ,pa4 ,poodles 7,corded74 ,s4 ,c4 ,hodge1 #aa ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 ,pugs4 ,rookery ,kennels1 #fac ,mentor ,avenue1 ,painesville1 ,o4 ,russian ,wolfhounds4 ,l4 ,c4 ,whiton1 #aad ,west ,seventy-sixth ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,st4 ,bernards 7,rough74 ,chalkstone ,avenue ,kennels1 #ba ,grosvenor ,avenue1 ,providence1 ,r4 ,i4 ,setters 7,english74 ,belleplain ,kennels1 ,belleplain1 ,n4 ,j4 ,spaniels 7,cocker74 ,middlesex ,kennel1 ,perth ,amboy1 ,n4 ,j4 ,edwin ,w4 ,fiske1 ,mount ,vernon1 ,n4 ,y4 ,terriers 7,black-and-,tan74 ,scott ,bros41 ,new ,cumberland1 ,w4 ,va4 ,terriers 7,fox1 ,smooth74 ,e4 ,h4 ,ingroersen1 #dadd ,prairie ,avenue1 ,chicago1 ,ill4 ,william ,le ,monnier1 #hcc ,union ,street1 ,new ,orleans1 ,la4 ,terriers 7,fox1 ,wire-haired74 ,a4 ,l4 ,laukota1 ,thornelo ,kennels1 ,rochelle ,park1 ,new ,rochelle1 ,n4 ,y4 ,terriers 7,irish74 ,irish ,terrier ,kennels1 #ceb ,west ,forty-fifth ,street1 ,new ,york4 ,huguenot ,kennels1 ,new ,rochelle1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,glover',s ,imperial ,,dog ,,remedies4 ,distemper ,cure price per bottle #a4jj ,mange ,cure 0 0 0 4#ej cts4 ,vermifuge 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,tonic 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,canker ,wash 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,blood ,purifier 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,cough ,mixture 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,eye ,lotion 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,fit ,cure 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,diarrha ,cure 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,liniment 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,worm ,capsules 0 0 box 4#ej 0 ,digestive ,pills 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,condition ,pills 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,liver ,pills 0 0 0 4#ej 0 ,kennel and ,stable ,soap 0 0 cake 4#be 0 ,,these ,,remedies ,,are ,,sold ,,by ,,druggists ,,and ,,dealers ,,in ,,sportsmen',s ,,goods4 ,book on ,dog ,diseases and ,how to ,feed ,mailed ,,free on application to ,h4 ,,clay ,,glover1 ,,veterinary ,,surgeon1 #abic ,,broadway1 ,,new-,,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,books ,the following is a list of the ,,most ,,desirable books pertaining to dogs and their treatment4 ,they will be forwarded to any address on receipt of the price named4 ,american ,book of the ,dog1 ,shields #c4ej ,bob1 ,the ,autobiography of a ,fox ,terrier #a4ej ,book of the ,dog1 ,vero ,shaw1 with portraits #h4jj ,breeders' ,kennel ,record and ,account ,book1 large #dto #c4jj ,diseases of the ,dog1 ,dalziel #h4jj ,dog in ,health and ,disease1 ,mills #b4be ,dog1 ,the1 ,dinks1 ,mayhew and ,hutchinson #c4jj ,dog ,training vs4 ,breaking1 ,hammond #a4jj ,dogs for ,ladies as ,companions1 ,stables #b4jj ,dogs of ,great ,britain and ,america #b4jj ,dogs1 ,management of1 ,mayhew1 #afmo #ge ,dogs1 ,their ,treatment in ,disease1 8,ashmont0 #b4jj ,fetch and ,carry1 ,waters #a4jj ,glover's ,album1 ,treatise on ,canine ,diseases #ej ,greyhound1 ,coursing1 ,breeding and ,training1 ,dalziel #a4jj ,house and ,pet ,dogs1 illustrated #ej ,kennel ,secrets1 8,ashmont0 #c4jj ,modern ,dogs1 ,sporting ,division1 ,lee #f4jj ,modern ,dogs1 ,non-,sporting ,division1 ,lee #e4jj ,modern ,dogs1 ,terriers' ,division1 ,lee #e4jj ,modern ,training1 ,waters #b4jj ,my ,dog and ,i1 ,huntington #a4jj ,our ,prize ,dogs1 ,mason #c4jj ,pocket ,kennel ,record1 full leather #ej ,practical ,kennel ,guide1 ,stables1 cloth #a4ej ,spaniel and its ,training1 ,mercer #a4jj ,stonehenge on the ,dog1 with portraits #b4ej ,training ,trick ,dogs1 illustrated1 paper #be ,whippet and ,race ,dog1 ,how to ,breed and ,race #a4ej ,in addition1 there will be sent free on application a complete ,catalogue of all books treating upon the following subjects3 ,adventures 7of sportsmen74 ,angling4 ,boating 7building canoes1 rowboats1 etc474 ,camping 7how to build camps1 etc474 ,cats 7how to judge1 etc474 ,dogs4 ,ferrets 7how to breed1 use1 etc474 ,fishing 7making flies1 rods1 etc474 ,game ,laws 7all ,states74 ,games 7rules of golf1 etc474 ,guide-books 7for hunters and fishermen74 ,guns 7how to select1 etc474 ,horses4 ,hunting 7large and small game74 ,maps 7of lakes and mountains74 ,natural ,history 7birds1 butterflies1 animals1 etc474 ,shooting 7trap1 field1 etc474 ,sports 7boxing1 fencing1 etc474 ,taxidermy 7how to stuff game1 etc474 ,trapping 7game and birds74 ,yachting 7how to build1 sail yachts1 etc474 ,yacht ,pictures4 ,address ,h4 ,w4 ,,huntington1 ,,new ,,york ,,city4 99 99 99 99 99 ,illustration3 ,,worcester ,,compound ,,co ,,worcester ,,mass ,p,d,q ,,trade ,,mark ,can we add just a word to this valuable book1 by saying that the very latest modern discovery relating to the ,,comfort1 ,,health1 and good care of ,dogs1 ,cats1 other animals1 ,poultry and ,plants is the ,illustration3 ,p4 ,d4 ,q4 ,powder1 which kills instantly all ,fleas1 ,lice1 other ,vermin1 and their nits2 heals sores2 ,,cures ,,mange and slicks up the coat1 and overcomes the 8dog odor02 saves all washing with strong carbolic soaps or other substances which are ,dangerous and ruin the hair1 and is also the best ,disinfectant to use in ,kennels1 ,stables1 ,hen-houses1 etc4 ,the ,p4 ,d4 ,q4 is guaranteed ,non-,explosive and not ,poisonous1 even if taken internally by mistake4 ,has been thoroughly tested and indorsed by the leading dog breeders and papers of the country1 among whom are the following3 ,h4 ,w4 ,huntington1 ,n4 ,y41 ,president of ,national ,greyhound ,club of ,america2 ,h4 ,w4 ,lacy1 ,editor of the ,american ,stockkeeper1 ,boston2 ,j4 ,f4 ,johnson1 ,k4 ,e41 of the ,turf1 ,field and ,farm1 ,n4 ,y42 ,jas4 ,l4 ,little1 ,boston1 ,secretary of ,n4 ,e4 ,kennel ,club2 ,al4 ,g4 ,eberhart1 and many others4 ,the ,p4 ,d4 ,q4 is for sale by nearly all the ,dog and ,poultry ,supply ,stores and ,druggists1 or can be had from us direct4 ,the retail prices are #a-pound box1 #be cents2 #e-pound bags1 #a4jj1 ,f4 ,o4 ,b41 ,worcester4 ,the express charges average about #a cent per ounce additional4 ,liberal terms to the trade4 ,write for prices1 testimonials1 etc4 ,,worcester ,,compound ,,co41 ,,worcester1 ,,mass4 ,p4 ,o4 ,box #gdi4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,read ,,recreation ,illustration3 7,begin at ,r and read both ways47 ,,it ,,is ,a ,,monthly ,,magazine ,,devoted ,,to ,,everything ,,the ,,name ,,implies4 #a4jj ,a ,,year4 #aj;,c4 ,a ,,copy4 ,g4 ,o4 ,,shields 7,,coquina74 ,,editor ,,and ,,manager4 #ai ,w4 #bd,,th ,,street1 ,,new ,,york4 ,,telephone #adbg--ahth ,,st4 ,,recreation prints charming stories of the ,fields1 the ,forests1 the ,mountains1 the ,waters4 ,it prints reminiscences of adventures in many lands4 ,it tells delightful ,camp ,fire stories4 ,it deals with cycling2 with natural history2 with travel2 with yachting1 etc4 ,illustration3 ,,ida ,,simmons4 ,it prints short stories1 serials1 and scientific articles of general interest4 ,it gives1 each month1 one or more full-page pictures of hunting or fishing scenes1 any one of which is worth many times the price of a year's subscription4 ,it gives also many smaller views that are beautiful and instructive4 ,illustration3 ,,strideaway4 ,a bound volume of ,,recreation is a rare panorama of the ,chase1 and of ,out-door ,life1 in general4 ,no man who loves the rifle1 the gun1 the rod1 the wheel1 the woods1 the mountains1 the waters1 the prairies1 should try to live without ,,recreation4 ,send #aj cents for a sample copy4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,at ,,stud ,first ,prize ,corded ,poodle ,dog ,,black ,,prince ,a4 ,k4 ,c4 ,s4 ,b4 #cidbd4 ,illustration ,mr4 ,hodge begs to announce that he has recently imported a magnificent ,corded ,poodle ,bitch1 registered in ,england and ,america1 and descended from both the world-famous dogs1 ,champions ,lyris and ,achilles4 ,he expects to soon offer the finest bred ,corded ,poodle puppies in ,america4 ,address ,s4 ,c4 ,,hodge1 ,no4 #aa ,broadway1 ,new ,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,at ,stud4 ,,the ,,typical ,,bull ,,dog 8,beaver ,brook ,sultan0 7formerly 8,rustic ,sultan071 winner of sixty first and special prizes in ,england1 and winner of first prizes at ,montreal1 ,providence1 ,mineola and ,danbury1 #ahif4 ,fee #cj ,,address ,,tyler ,,morse1 ,beaver ,brook ,kennels1 ,north ,danvers1 ,mass4 ,,for ,,sale3 ,dogs and ,bitches of ,pedigree ,stock4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,trianon ,,kennels ,,at ,,stud4 ,,the ,,celebrated ,smooth ,fox ,terrier 8,prisoner10 winner of numerous first and special prizes in ,england1 ,canada1 and the ,united ,states4 ,for ,catalog1 ,stud ,cards1 etc41 address ,b4 ,s4 ,,horne1 ,,pittsburg1 ,,pa4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,russian ,,wolfhound 8,,optimist0 ,a typical specimen of his class4 ,first ,prize ,winner in six shows in #ahif4 ,for picture see page #db of this book4 ,,at ,,stud--,,puppies ,,for ,,sale ,address ,owner1 ,,george ,m4 ,,keasbey1 #bf ,stratford ,place1 ,newark1 ,n4 ,j4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,english ,,setters ,gentlemen's ,shooting ,dogs a ,specialty4 ,broken1 ,unbroken ,dogs1 and ,puppies1 also ,brood ,bitches4 ,any one about to purchase a gentleman's shooting dog is requested to visit ,,belleplain and shoot over these dogs until suited4 ,,kent ,,roderigo at ,stud4 ,a4 ,k4 ,c4 #dbbec4 ,vol4 #ac4 ,,belleplain ,,kennels1 ,belleplain1 ,n4 ,j4 ,dr4 ,j4 ,t4 ,,kent1 ,proprietor4 ,,joseph ,,mason1 ,superintendent4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,american ,pet ,dog ,kennel4 ,,importer ,,and ,,breeder ,,of ,,small ,,pet ,,dogs1 ,,no4 #bgh ,,west ,,eleventh ,,street1 ,,new-,,york1 ,n4 ,y4 ,the ,oldest and ,most ,successful ,breeder and ,exhibitor in ,america4 ,a ,specialty in all kinds of ,,ladies' ,,pet ,,dogs4 ,,king ,,charles ,,spaniels1 ,,blenheim ,,spaniels1 ,,prince ,,charles ,,spaniels1 ,,ruby ,,spaniels4 ,illustration3 ,the ,celebrated ,champion ,romeo ,shortest faced ,king ,charles ,spaniel living ,constantly on hand the largest stock of ,japanese ,spaniels1 ,,yorkshire ,,terriers1 with the longest of coats1 from #c to #f pounds in weight4 ,,maltese ,,terriers1 ,,black ,,and ,,tan1 of the smallest breed4 ,,pugs1 ,,minotaur ,,bred ,,pomeranians1 ,black1 ,white1 ,chocolate4 ,,dogs ,,in ,,the ,,stud4 ,,king ,,charles ,,spaniel4 ,,champion ,,romeo 7#ibcj71 ,beat 8,king of the ,charlies10 who was never before beaten4 ,,old ,,gold 7#bg1aaf74 7,the ,ruby ,spaniel1 one of the best dogs in the ,stud47 ,illustration ,,japanese ,,spaniel--,,maru4 ,beautifully ,coated4 ,weight1 five pounds4 ,,yorkshire ,,terriers4 ,illustration3 ,harboro ,swell ,,ii4 ,,harboro ,,swell4 ,weight1 five pounds2 twenty-six inches of coat4 ,,ted4 ,weight1 five pounds2 fifteen inches of coat4 ,,mrs4 ,f4 ,,senn1 ,prop4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,excelsior ,meat ,cakes1 ,fish ,cakes1 ,hound ,meal1 ,bulldog ,meal4 ,since the ,belfast ,dog ,show in #ahia1 when ,i got the first consignment of your 8,,excelsior ,,hound ,,meal10 ,i have used no other kind2 before that time my dogs were much troubled with a skin disease brought to my ,kennels by a dog from ,newcastle-on-,tyne1 but in less than three months they were completely free from the disease1 and it has not since returned4 ,my dogs all like the 8,,meal10 and ,i find that ,puppies fed on it thrive better than on some of the much puffed ,puppy ,foods4 ,a careful 8chemical analysis10 made before using it exclusively1 proved that the essential and accessory food constituents were present in proper proportions4 ,i always recommend it to anyone who consults me on the subject4 ,very truly yours1 ,the ,irish 8,collie ,king40 7,signed7 ,,robert ,,barklie1 ,f4,c4,s41 ,m4,r4,i4,a41 etc4 ,consulting and ,analytical ,chemist4 ,,swiss ,,mountain ,,kennels1 ,,germantown1 ,,pa4 ,gentlemen3 ,i have used ,,excelsior ,biscuits now for about five years1 and find them perfectly satisfactory in all respects4 ,the dogs are not only fond of them1 but even when used exclusively have always agreed splendidly with them1 keeping them generally in a good healthy trim4 7,signed7 ,mrs4 ,f4 ,,smyth4 ,illustration3 ,,excelsior 8,,real ,,english0 ,,boarding ,,kennels1 ,,closter1 ,n4 ,j4 ,i have used ,,excelsior ,dog ,cakes for twenty years1 and five times that number of tons of them1 but ,i must say that the ,fish ,cakes you are now selling me are the grandest thing for a change of feed that ,i have ever used4 ,yours truly 7,signed71 ,,john ,,brett4 ,,rodney ,,kennels1 ,,rahway1 ,n4 ,j4 ,i have used about a ton of your ,,excelsior ,,bulldog ,,meal with such gratifying results that ,i take pleasure in sending you this testimony4 ,its equal cannot be found for giving coat and condition to all smooth-coated dogs4 ,it is a wonderful bone and muscle producer for puppies1 and their diet need never be changed from this meal4 7,signed7 ,,chas4 ,g4 ,,hopton1 ,secretary1 ,bulldog ,club4 ,,franklin ,,hallet ,,co4 #b and #d ,stone ,street1 ,new ,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,russian ,wolfhounds ,,at ,,stud4 ,,iwan1 ,by ,patrach4 ,sascza4 ,,prince ,,galitzin1 ,a4 ,k4 ,c4 ,s4 ,b41 #da1igh1 ,by ,sorvanets-,raskeda4 ,illustration ,,my ,,dogs1 during #ahif1 have won first and special prizes at ,boston1 ,new ,york1 ,brooklyn1 ,providence1 ,danbury1 and ,mineola4 ,grown dogs and puppies for sale4 ,,wm4 ,l4 ,,andrus1 ,hudson ,terrace1 ,yonkers1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,you ,,are ,,invited ,to send for a ,,free copy of 8,,gameland10 a monthly magazine devoted to outdoor sports4 ,it has been aptly termed 8a monthly echo from the woods1 the waters1 the mountains1 and the fields40 ,to the younger generation of sportsmen1 it is both instructive and entertaining2 to the veteran1 it serves as a means for passing pleasantly many an idle hour4 ,subscription price1 #a4jj per year4 ,three trial numbers1 #be cents4 ,,gameland ,,publishing ,,company1 ,,incorporated4 #fc ,rutgers ,slip4 ,new ,york1 ,n4 ,y4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,used ,,in ,,the ,,kennel1 ,,it ,,absolutely ,,destroys ,,fleas1 ,,lice1 ,,and ,,all ,,vermin1 ,,and ,,cures ,,mange ,,and ,,eczema4 ,,absolutely ,,pure4 ,,non-,,poisonous4 ,,antiseptic4 ,,soothing4 ,glenrose ,dog ,stable ,soap1 ,,manufactured ,,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,chapman1 ,,soap ,,maker ,,and ,,perfumer1 ,,ellsworth1 ,,maine4 ,sample cake by mail1 #be cents4 ,,used ,,in ,,the ,,stable ,,it ,,cures ,,scratches1 ,,cuts1 ,,galls1 ,,and ,,wounds4 ,,contains ,,no ,,carbolic ,,acid ,,or ,,other ,,poison4 99 99 99 99 99 ,illustration3 8,,squanto0 ,,squantum ,,kennels ,,atlantic1 ,,mass ,,at ,,stud4 8,,squanto10 winner of #ast ,prize1 ,boston2 #ast ,prize1 ,mineola4 8,,his ,,nibs10 winner of #ast ,prize1 ,providence2 #ast ,prize1 ,b'klyn4 ,fee #ae4jj4 ,a ,,few ,,first-,,class ,,youngsters ,,for ,,sale4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,elite ,,kennels1 ,w4 ,j4 ,,burkart1 #acja ,broadway1 ,brooklyn1 ,n4 ,y4 ,,japanese ,,spaniels4 ,illustration ,,at ,,stud1 ,,jingo4 ,,first ,,prize ,,winner1 ,new ,york1 #ahif4 ,longest ,coated ,japanese ,spaniel in ,america2 weight #d pounds4 ,fee1 #be4 ,superior ,dogs and ,puppies for sale at all times4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,beaumaris ,kennels4 ,illustration3 8,,lord ,,yarmouth40 ,illustration3 ,,boston ,,terrier 8,,ruth40 ,illustration3 8,,heathen ,,ii40 8,,heathen ,i40 ,the ,beaumaris ,kennels1 ,illustration ,manchester1 ,mass4 ,bulkeley ,wells1 ,prop4 ,highly ,pedigreed ,boston ,terriers and ,english ,bull ,dogs4 ,photographs of ,puppies and ,full ,grown ,stock for sale sent to any address on receipt of stamp to cover postage4 ,,stud ,,cards ,,on ,,application4 ,winter ,address1 ,jamaica ,plain1 ,mass4 99 99 99 99 99 ,founded #ahad4 ,,duminy ,,co4 ,,champagnes4 ,ship ,only ,one ,quality1 but two styles of ,dryness4 ,,extra ,,quality ,,brut 7a strictly natural wine74 #ahib4 ,,extra ,,quality ,,dry 7an extremely dry wine74 #ahib4 ,,these ,,wines ,,have ,,held ,,for ,,many ,,years ,,the ,,highest ,,reputation ,,in ,,england4 ,quarts1 #cb4jj per case4 ,pints1 #cd4jj 0 0 ,,greer',s ,o ,v ,h and ,extra ,special ,liqueur4 ,scotch ,whiskies4 ,antediluvian ,,pure ,,rye ,,whiskies4 ,gold ,medals and ,awards1 ,paris1 #ahhi2 ,jamaica1 #ahia2 ,chicago1 #ahic2 ,antwerp1 #ahid2 ,bordeaux1 #ahie4 ,,john ,,osborn',s ,,sons ,,co4 ,beaver and ,broad ,sts41 ,new-,york4 99 99 99 99 99 ,the ,celebrated ,stud ,greyhound ,,champion ,,lord ,,neverstill4 ,a4 ,k4 ,c4 #bdcbc4 ,illustration ,,winning4 #ast ,prize1 ,chicago1 '#ia2 ,chicago1 '#ib2 ,denver1 '#ib2 ,brooklyn1 '#ib2 #ast ,challenge1 ,baltimore1 '#ic2 ,elmira1 '#ic2 ,philadelphia1 '#if2 ,mineola1 '#if2 ,boston1 '#ig2 and ,champion ,prize1 ,boston1 '#ig2 also #ae special prizes4 ,,breeding4 ,,lord ,,neverstill was whelped ,april #bhth1 #ahhi2 breeder1 ,h4 ,c4 ,lowe of ,kansas by his imported ,lord ,neversettle out of his imported ,partera1 and is descended from both ,contango and ,coomassie4 ,his brothers and sisters have also made for themselves remarkable names in the ,west on account of their running qualities1 among which we find ,,liberty1 winner of the ,national ,coursing ,derby1 #ahij4 ,,little ,,climber1 dividing the ,hutchinson ,coursing ,sweepstakes4 ,,prince ,,charley1 winning the ,international ,stakes1 the ,columbus ,cup1 #ahic1 his sister ,,nancy being second1 and another sister1 ,,princess ,,may1 winning the ,plate4 8,,lord ,,neverstill won easily in open dogs and is a cracker2 he is well made all over3 he has what so few of our greyhounds have--substance and size--his quarters and back are grand and he should run well and get runners40--,forest and ,stream4 ,address ,,woodhaven ,,kennels1 ,times ,building1 ,new ,york ,city4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,at ,,stud--,,fee1 #ej4 ,the ,english ,bloodhound ,simon de ,sudbury 7#cijie7 ,bears an unbeaten record1 and acknowledged by the press to be the best ,bloodhound in the ,states4 ,,simon ,,de ,,sudbury is #ast prize winner at shows held under ,a4 ,k4 ,c4 ,rules1 and this offers a grand opportunity for breeders to introduce the best blood at a reasonable price1 and should be taken advantage of by all who are interested in the improvement of the breed4 ,special terms to owners breeding two or more bitches4 ,mastiffs1 ,st4 ,bernards1 and ,english ,bloodhounds always on sale4 ,for particulars1 apply ,,dr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,lougest1 #cac ,,columbus ,,avenue1 ,,boston1 ,,mass4 99 99 99 99 99 ,,english ,,mastiffs ,at ,stud--,fee #ej4jj4 ,,black ,,prince ,,brampton 7#ce1jed74 ,whelped ,may1 #ahid1 by ,ch4 ,beaufort's ,black ,prince ex ,ch4 ,brampton ,beauty4 ,at ,stud--,fee #be4jj4 ,,rab ,l4 7#bh1eih74 ,whelped ,nov41 #ahic1 by ,ch4 ,beaufort's ,black ,prince ex ,winchell's ,bess4 ,,emperor ,,william 7#bg1bga74 ,a ,great ,prize ,winner4 ,,st4 ,,bernards ,at ,stud--,fee #be4jj4 ,rough-,coated4 ,,scottish ,,chief 7#ca1igi74 ,whelped ,june1 #ahic1 by ,scottish ,leader 7#bc1ieh7 ex ,jess ,bedivere1 by ,ch4 ,sir ,bedivere4 ,he stands #cc inches high at shoulder1 has a grand head1 perfectly marked1 with even white nose band and blaze1 and a dense black shading on face and ears1 good neck and body1 with immense bone4 ,at ,stud--,fee #ae4jj4 ,smooth-,coated4 ,,nicode 7#cc1bcd74 ,whelped ,aug41 #ahic1 by ,ch4 ,altoneer ex ,ch4 ,judith4 ,exhibitors should avail themselves of the opportunity to secure puppies of the above stock1 and no better blood is obtainable in ,europe or ,america4 ,proof3 ,my winnings at the leading shows #ahie1 ,new-,york1 ,boston1 ,toronto1 ,can41 ,providence1 ,r4 ,i41 and ,danbury1 ,conn41 were #cd first prizes1 #bb second prizes and #g third prizes1 including special and kennel prizes at all of the above shows4 ,for particulars and stud cards apply to ,,dr4 ,c4 ,a4 ,,lougest1 #cac ,columbus ,ave41 ,boston1 ,mass4 99 99 99 99 99 ,dr4 ,t4 ,g4 ,sherwood has a well-equipped ,hospital for the reception of ,sick ,dogs1 ,at #ajg ,w4 #cgth ,st41 ,new ,york4 ,telephone1 #acfc1 #chth ,street4 99 99 99 99 99 ,mr4 ,h4 ,w4 ,huntington the author of 8,my ,dog and ,i10 being in touch with all the prominent breeders of dogs in the ,united ,states1 and having officiated as judge at the ,westminster ,kennel ,club ,metropolitan ,kennel ,club and other dog shows1 is prepared to accept commissions for the purchase of all breeds of dogs4 ,the benefit of his experience of over twenty years as a successful breeder and exhibitor will be cheerfully given to the prospective buyer4 ,address #e ,west #cith ,st41 ,new ,york ,city4 99 99 99 99 99 ,illustration ,,pedigree4 ,the above is a miniature of the most artistic pedigree blank ever offered to a dog-loving public4 ,the original is complete to the fifth generation1 and the whole measures #bj #ba inches1 being printed on the finest paper1 with the illustrations in toned colors4 ,properly framed1 it is handsome enough to adorn any wall4 ,price by mail1 #a4jj4 ,,edw4 ,,knieriem1 ,room ,no4 #g1 #aab ,w4 #djth ,street1 ,new ,york ,city4