,,! ,,_s ,,( ,,am]ican ,,sculpture ,illu/ration3 ,,/udy ,,= ,,head ,,( ,,nike-,,eir5e ,,by ,,augu/us ,,sa9t-,,gaud5s ,,! ,,_s ,,( ,,am]ican ,,sculpture ,,by ,,adel9e ,,adams ,,writt5 ,,= ,,! ,,national ,,sculpture ,,society ,illu/ration ,,new ,,york ,,mcmxxiii ,,copyright1 #aibc1 ,,by ,,! ,,national ,,sculpture ,,society ,,preface ,any survey ( ! ,_s ( ,am]ican ,sculpture mu/ naturally take into acc\nt ! ,body ( ,am]ican ,sculptors4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! outl9e "h (f]$ does n attempt ! prepo/]\s task ( putt+ ev]yone 9 8 place1 & !reby produc+ an unmann]ly & unreliable ,:o's ,:o 9 ,sculpture4 ,_m sculptors ^: "w is de> to me are sc>cely nam$ 9 ! foll[+ pages4 ,:y8 ,because1 v frequ5tly1 ! individual a*ievem5t has be5 too f9e to be slurr$ ov] & %unt$ (f ) ! fa9t praise ( m]e li/+1 :ile at ! same "t x _c well be appreciat$ at des]v$ l5g?1 giv5 ! limitations laid ^u ! pres5t writ]1--limitations temporal1 spatial1 p]sonal4 ,aga91 x (t5 happ5s 9 art1 z 9 nature & 9 politics1 t c]ta9 =ces = good are bett] left unm5tion$2 headl9es w\ld di/urb _! h>moni\s function+4 ,! brief annals ( our sculpture may be divid$ ei!r accord+ to our w>s1 or accord+ to our times ( peace4 ,! critic :o *ooses ! =m] way w po9t out t our ,revolution call$ into be+ a national consci\sness :i* 0 /r5g!n$ by ! ,w> ( #ahab1 & :i* imm$iately !reaft] s\ght expression 9 ,f$]al or ,/ate build+s1 & 9 _! adornm5t by ! arts4 ,side by side ) national ye>n+s = art sprang up half-?w>t$ individual long+s ei!r to produce art1 or to enjoy art1 or to possess art4 ,n until ! close ( ! ,civil ,w>1 ) its legacy ( great] national unity & advanc+ prosp]ity1 did we f9d out t our education 9 art 0 too meagre to let u express 9 any fitt+ way ! emotions ar\s$ by t conflict & its co/ly sacrifices4 ,9 ! m>ketplace1 we 7 nave & un=m$ en\gh to accept ) m or less satisfaction & 9 inf9ite repetition ! /one soldi] ( comm]cial orig94 ,9 ! home1 we ?or\ghly enjoy$ ! anecdotes1 patriotic or p>o*ial1 told by our ,rog]s gr\ps4 ,b be=e ! ,spani% ,w> 0 ov]1 our enlight5m5t z to ! arti/ic value ( ^! productions 0 r g5]al4 ,) respect to ! ,rog]s gr\ps1 we pass$ to ! o!r extreme2 9 our headlong attempt to regi/] culture1 we =got t ^! works _h p]=m$ a g5u9e s]vice4 ,lat]1 ! wave ( romantic rococo not$ 9 ! 8r$-blood$0 lit]ature ( ! day _h its p>allel 9 "s ( our noisi] w> monum5ts1 creatures surg+ f a limbo t 0 nei!r art nor comm]ce4 ,s9ce ! ,_w ,w>1 & ev5 be=e ! ,_w ,w>1 !re has be51 ?r\gh our museums & o!r s\rces1 an hone/ ef=t t[>d cop]ation betwe5 art & manufacture4 ,an up-hill task b a necess>y "o1 9 any s\nd national developm5t6 ,! day ( ! /one soldi] is ov]1 b :e!r we are lay+ up = ourselves a /ore ( future regret 9 o!r =ms ( memorial sculpture rema9s to be se54 ,?us to m>k (f by our w>s ! v>i\s *apt]s ( our sculptural hi/ory & to develop ea* *apt] 9 sequ5ce w\ld be 9 ! gr& /yle2 p]haps 9 a gr&] /yle ?an is suit$ to ! dim5sions ( ?is sket*4 ,x has !re=e seem$ bett] to indicate c]ta9 natural divisions ( ! subject by means ( ^? ent]prises ( peace1 our expositions4 ,! ,c5t5nial ( #ahgf1 by its cruel comp>isons1 /irr$ our sculpture f ! le?>gy suppos$ to h ov]tak5 x 9 ! /udios ( ,am]ican expatriates 9 ,rome & 9 ,flor5ce4 ,until #ahgf1 we _h be5 dream+1 /umbl+1 aspir+2 mak+ false moves 9 pla/ic art4 ,a few e>ly triumphs %9e =? f ! prevail+ m$iocrity2 b x mu/ be own$ t ,coop]1 ,haw?orne1 & ,em]son1 9 ! _w ( lett]s1 h no vigor\s contempor>ies 9 ! _w ( sculpture4 ,dur+ ! 'eighties1 h[ev]1 a gr\p ( really /rong & *>act]i/ic pieces ( ,am]ican sculpture em]ges by sl[ degrees4 ,w>d _h already produc$ 8 noble eque/rian /atue ( ,?omas4 ,he n[ plac$ 8 bronze ,wa%+ton 9 front ( ! ,sub-,treasury 9 ,new ,york1 & 8 ,pilgrim 9 ,c5tral ,p>k4 ,9 #ahha1 ,sa9t-,gaud5s put out 8 incomp>able ,f>ragut2 8 ,puritan appe>$ two ye>s aft] ,w>d's ,pilgrim4 ,daniel ,*e/] ,fr5*1 ) notable "w beh9d him1 came into 8 own ) ! exquisite gr\p ( ,gallaudet & ! little deaf-mute2 9 ! e>ly 'n9eties he %[$ 8 ,milmore ,memorial1 7! ,angel ( ,dea? & ! ,sculptor7 a "w ( extraord9>y appeal to bo? arti/s & laym54 ,:ile ^! m5 7 creat+ sculpture to be pr\d (1 y\ng] m5 7 conn+ ) all _! might ! vigor\s lessons pr(f]$ 9 ! ,fr5* s*ools1 or on ,fr5* soil1 by ,falguire1 ,m]ci1 ,dubois1 ,*apu1 ,sa9t-,m>ceaux1 ,rod91--a mighty ho/4 ,at ! ,columbian ,exposition1 our c\ntry _h abundant good "w to %[ 9 sculpture f ! h&s ( return+ y\?4 ,betwe5 #ahgf & #ahic 7 pack$ mo/ ( ! ess5tial lessons our sculpture has le>n$1 ei!r at home or abroad4 ,no subsequ5t exposition has disclos$ s great an advance z t not$ 9 #ahic4 ,!re has inde$ be5 a fur!r developm5t ( basic pr9ciples1 z well z a rec5t g5ial /yli/ic effloresc5ce 9 mann]1 favor$ by _m ( our y\ng] sculptors "u ! influ5ce ( s9c]e po/-graduate /udy ( ar*aic models4 ,& !re h naturally be5 occasional obscure ultra-mod]ni/ic exp]im5ts n )\t s]vice 9 ! zigzag ( progress2 su* works are nei!r to be despis$ nor unduly exalt$ because !y proclaim !mselves revolution>y4 ,an advance z rapid z t made 9 sculpture dur+ ! sev5te5 ye>s betwe5 ! ,c5t5nial & ! ,columbian is n to be expect$ 9 ! ne> future4 ,su* an advance c\ld occur only z a /rong reaction f a feebl5ess n n[ evid5t1 or f a retrogression n n[ ca/+ its %ad[4 ,_m ?\ghtful pa9t]s h po9t$ out t sculpture by its v ess5ce is f> less subject ?an pa9t+ to ! m un=tunate inroads ( ultra-mod]nism4 ,we sometimes worry ourselves unnecess>ily because our arts & lett]s are n :at is call$ 8di/9ctively ,am]ican40 ,b be+ di/9ctively ,am]ican is n 9 itself a m]it4 ,! di/9ctively ,am]ican voice1 = example1 has n yet be5 hail$ z ! int]national model4 ,give our sculpture "t = /ill fur!r expression1 & x w become z di/9ctively ,am]ican z ne$ be4 ,a j & happy ex*ange ( culture betwe5 peoples %\ld n be /igmatiz$ z m]e imitation4 ,oddly en\gh1 ! fir/ timid fl[]+ ( our ,am]ican pa9t+ & sculpture took place among ! ,quak] ,philadelphians & ev5 among ! ,puritan ,bo/onians4 ,x did n foll[ ! foot/eps ( ! e>li] settl]s ( ,fr5* or ,spani% blood4 ,culture has its curves & curi\s weav+s =w>d & back4 ,already 9 our ideals ( art education a *ange has be5 not$4 ,_m :o h /udi$ ?is subject = a lifetime n[ believe1 z !y c\ld n ) wisdom h believ$ a g5]ation ago1 t x is bett] = ! /ud5t to get 8 te*nical tra9+ 9 ! s*ools ( 8 own c\ntry1 & to le>n ! beauty ( =eign art & ! value ( =eign culture ?r\gh eag] vacation /udy abroad1 r ?an ?r\gh prolong$ resid5ce abroad4 ,! vacation s*ools ( music & pa9t+ at ,fonta9ebleau are wat*$ ) deep int]e/4 ,?us f>1 _! results speak well = ?is new po9t ( view 9 art /udy4 ,! occasion = :i* ?is mode/ book 0 made is ! op5+ ( ! ,national ,sculpture ,society's exhibition 9 ! ye> #aibc1 "u ! auspices & 9 ! neighborhood ( a di/+ui%$ gr\p ( le>n$ societies4 ,su* an occasion invites rejoic+1 r ?an lam5tation4 ,h5ce 9 ^! loosely ga!r$ *apt]s little is said ( comm]cialism1 ( me*ani/ic t5d5cies1 ( unhappy pr(essional rivalries1 ( mi/ak5 ultra-mod]nism1 or ( o!r burd5s or bugaboos t hamp] ! _s ( ,am]ican sculpture4 ,i h tri$ to be> 9 m9d a say+ ( ,k5yon ,cox1 an accompli%$ critic1 yet hone/ at all times beyond conv5tional expectation4 ,mr4 ,cox 0 ask$ :e!r 9 8 op9ion z a critic1 a c]ta9 article on a well-kn[n pa9t]1 a y\ng] contempor>y1 0 n too favorable 9 its judgm5ts4 ,tak+ "t to consid]1 ,mr4 ,cox answ]$1 8,no1 to my m9d1 t critique is n too favorable6 ,x br+s =w>d mu* ( ! be/ t is to be f\nd 9 "o ( our be/ pa9t]s1 & x doesn't h>p on 8 defects4 ,z ,i take x1 ! ?+ 0 writt5 = intellig5t read]s4 ,!y are able to read betwe5 ! l9es4 ,f :at is said ( ! qualities1 !y w "k ! defects40 ,,note ,9 ! prep>ation ( ! pres5t "w1 ! au?or has f\nd h]self1 ?r\gh ! natural insi/5ce ( h] own & h] husb&'s feel+s1 plac$ 9 a some:at delicate position4 ,x rema9s1 !re=e1 = ^? edit+ ! volume to preface x ) "s expression ( admiration1 h[ev] inadequate4 ,to sculptors1 x is ne$less to po9t out ! importance ( ! "w ( ,h]b]t ,adams4 ,x is !re=e to ! lay read] t "s ^w mu/ be said ( ! man :o hesitates to h record$ ! admirable production ( a fruitful & influ5tial c>e]4 ,! wisdom1 re/ra9t1 & true s5se ( ! j & fitt+1 :i* = ye>s h r5d]$ all relation ) 8 calm & balanc$ intellect ! delight ( fri5ds & ! aid ( fell[ work]s1 are mirror$ 9 an art :i* s easily reflects ^! qualities4 ,to ^? connect$ ) ! prep>ation ( ?is exhibition x is a great pleasure to r5d] s]i\s tribute to ! man :o among sculptors has br\ght su* fai?ful homage to ! ,art ( ,sculpture1 & ^: influ5ce mu/ be *]i%$ z "o ( ! p]man5t =ces = ,tru? 9 ! ,art ( our l&4 ,,! ,,committee4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,preface v ,,note xv ,,*apt] ,i ,,mrs4 ,,pati5ce ,,wright ,,speaks ,,! ,,prologue #c ,,ii ,,our ,,bli! ,,beg9n+ ,,days #bi ,,iii ,,( ,,?ree ,,lead]s1 ,,& ,,( ,,moral ,,e>ne/ness ,,9 ,,art #dg ,,john ,,qu9cy ,,adams ,,w>d #eg ,,augu/us ,,sa9t-,,gaud5s #fg ,,daniel ,,*e/] ,,fr5* #gf ,,iv ,,( ,,expositions ,,& ,,collaborations #hg ,v ,,! ,,/atue ,,& ,,! ,,bu/ ,,& ,,! ,,ideal ,,figure #aja ,,vi ,,our ,,eque/rian ,,/atues #abe ,,vii ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,relief1 ,,high ,,& ,,l[ #ade ,,viii ,,( ,,g>d5 ,,sculpture ,,& ,,ornam5t #aei ,,ix ,,( ,,small ,,bronzes ,,& ,,great ,,crafts #agg ,x ,,! ,,national ,,sculpture ,,society #aia ,,xi ,,influ5ces1 ,,go+ ,,& ,,com+ #bac ,,illu/rations ,,fac+ ,,/udy ,,= ,,head ,,( ,,nike-,,eir5e ,title ,by ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,,page ,,/atue ,,( ,,wa%+ton #h ,by ,jean ,anto9e ,h\don ,,bu/ ,,( ,,wa%+ton ,,at ,,m\nt ,,v]non #bf ,by ,jean ,anto9e ,h\don ,,clytie #db ,by ,william ,h4 ,r9eh>t ,,:ite ,,captive #dd ,by ,era/us ,d4 ,palm] ,,/atue ,,( ,,wa%+ton #fb ,by ,john ,qu9cy ,adams ,w>d ,,/atue ,,( ,,admiral ,,f>ragut #fh ,by ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,,memory #gh ,by ,daniel ,*e/] ,fr5* ,,/atue ,,( ,,maj4-,,g54 ,,macomb #ajh ,by ,adolph ,a4 ,we9man ,,portrait ,,bu/ ,,( ,j4 ,q4 ,a4 ,,w>d #aah ,by ,*>les ,h4 ,niehaus ,,m>ble ,,portrait ,,( ,,baby #abj ,by ,paul ,man%ip ,,! ,,gold5 ,,h\r #abb ,by ,rudolph ,evans ,,horse ,,tam]s #acf ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,mac,monnies ,,eque/rian ,,/atue ,,( ,,g5]al ,,%]man #adb ,by ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,,wel* ,,monum5t #adh ,by ,h]b]t ,adams ,,victory #aeb ,by ,james ,e>l ,fras] ,,plaquette #aef ,by ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,,bac*ante #afb ,by ,f4 ,w4 ,mac,monnies ,,f\nta9 ,,figure #afd ,by ,janet ,scudd] ,,c5taur ,,& ,,dryad #ahj ,by ,paul ,man%ip ,,victory #bcd ,by ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,,! ,,_s ,,( ,,am]ican ,,sculpture ,,*apt] ,i ,,mrs4 ,,pati5ce ,,wright ,,speaks ,,! ,,prologue ,i ,:at a pity t ,?ack]ay1 survey+ our pre-,revolution>y ,am]ican _w 9 ! int]e/ ( 8 ,esmond & 8 ,virg9ians1 _h n *anc$ to espy ! valiant figure ( our fir/ ,am]ican sculptor1 ,mrs4 ,pati5ce ,lovell ,wright ( ,new ,j]sey1--,quak]1 wax-image-mak]1 travel]1 ke5 ,republican obs]v] ( ! moods ( ,briti% royalty & ! movem5ts ( ,briti% troops6 ,_h 8 m9d's eye b once se5 h] 9 h] eag]ly-frequ5t$ rooms on ,pall ,mall1 ) ! notables ( ! t[n lit]ally "u h] ?umb1 9 wax1 & ov] h] %\ld]1 9 ! fle%1 we might h _h f 8 p5 a portrait wor?y to live beside t ( ,beatrix1 or ( ,madam ,esmond1 or ( ! ,fo!r+ay h]self4 ,simil>ly1 if ,lytton ,/ra*ey1 build+ 8 ,books & ,*>act]s1 _h foll[$ out a l9e or two ( ,horace ,walpole's conc]n+ ! 8arti/ess10 he might h giv5 u a ,mrs4 ,wright fully z engag+ z 8 ,madame du ,deff&1 p]haps almo/ z 8inexplicable1 gr&1 prepo/]\s0 z 8 ,lady ,he/]4 ,su* joys 7 n to be ours4 ,"s ( ! traits t ,?ack]ay & ,/ra*ey might h dwelt on = our delight h be5 well sket*$ by4 ,abigail ,adams1 incorruptible eye-witness & lett]-writ]4 ,mrs4 ,adams1 ?\gh tak5 aback by ! 8he>ty buss0 ) :i* ! sculptress greet$ ladies & g5tlem5 alike1 obs]v$ t 8!re 0 an old cl]gyman sitt+ read+ a pap] 9 ! middle ( ! room1 & ?\gh ,i w5t prep>$ to see /rong repres5tations ( real life1 ,i 0 effectually deceiv$ 9 ?is figure = t5 m9utes1 & 0 f9ally told t x 0 only wax40 ,& ,elkanah ,watson1 meet+ ,mrs4 ,wright 9 ,p>is1 :]e %e 0 liv+ 9 h] dual capacity z arti/ & patriot1 notes t 8! wild flights ( h] p[]ful m9d /amp$ orig9ality on all h] acts & language40 ,he tells u t ! ,briti% k+ & que5 (t5 visit$ h] 9 h] ,london rooms1 :]e !y w\ld induce h] to "w on h] heads reg>dless ( _! pres5ce1 & :]e1 at times1 z if =gett+ mundane def]5ces 9 ! swirl ( h] inspiration1 %e w\ld address !m (fh& z ,george & ,*>lotte4 ,! intrepid if some:at incongru\s figure ( ?is ,quak] arti/ abroad w s]ve v well z h]ald or prologue to ! drama ( ,am]ican sculpture4 ,nor c ,i ?9k t ei!r ,mr4 ,gre5\gh or ,mr4 ,p[]s1 ,mr4 ,w>d or ,mr4 ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 ,mr4 ,fr5* or ! v y\nge/ sculptor newly laurel$ by our ,am]ican ,academy 9 ,rome w\ld object to t assignm5t ( rle4 ,surely 9 any play1 x is all[$ t ! h]ald may seem some:at m fanta/ic & leg5d>y ?an ! k+s & c\nselors t come aft]4 ,mrs4 ,wright & h] wax-works are important to u1 b n because anyone n[ acc\nts h] ! 8,prome!an modell]0 h] en?usia/ic contempor>ies *>g$ h] ) be+4 ,%e is important because h] vogue reveals ! artless ta/e ( h] "t1 its awe 9 ! pres5ce ( p]fect imitations ( nature4 ,n t su* awe is unkn[n to-day 9 ! _w ( art4 ,inde$1 our h]ald br+s vigor\sly ^u ! sc5e "o ( ! major problems t /ill p]plex ! ,am]ican sculptor 9 8 "w4 ,i mean ! problem ( lik5esses1 ^? 8/rong repres5tations ( real life10 z ,abigail ,adams w\ld say4 ,,ii ,a /rong repres5tation ( real life 0 exactly :at ,?omas ,jeff]son want$ = ! ,/ate ,capitol ( ,virg9ia :5 he induc$ ! great ,fr5* sculptor ,h\don to 8leave ! /atues ( ,k+s unf9i%$10 & to cross ! ,atlantic to take ca/s1 measurem5ts1 & arti/ic cognizance ( ! p]son ( ,george ,wa%+ton1 9 ord] to create t m>ble portrait /atue /ill hold+ its own 9 ! good top light ( ! ,rotunda at ,ri*mond4 ,to cross ! ,atlantic1 :at an adv5ture = a home-keep+ ,fr5*man 9 ! eighte5? c5tury6 ,yet 9 ! ye> #aghe1 !re mu/ h be5 uneas9ess at home z well z abroad = ,monsieur ,h\don1 s soon to become le citoy5 ,h\don4 ,9 ! mid/ ( our e>ly ,republican simplicities1 !re _h be5 talk ( an eque/rian /atue also4 ,ju/ifi$ 9 ! hope ( obta9+ ! commission eque/rian z well z ! commission p$e/rian1 ,h\don accord+ly sp5ds a =tnight at ,m\nt ,v]non1 tak+ ca/s1 & 8=m+ ! ,g5]al's bu/ 9 plai/]40 ,lat]1 h[ev]1 ! project ( ! eque/rian /atue is dropp$1 to ,h\don's natural regret4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/atue ,,( ,,wa%+ton ,,by ,,jean ,,anto9e ,,h\don 8,we %all regulate ! article ( exp5se z conomically z we c ) ju/ice to ! wi%es ( ! _w10 writes ,jeff]son to ,gov]nor ,h>rison1 conc]n+ ! /&+ /atue4 8,we are agre$ 9 "o circum/ance1 t ! size %all be precisely t ( life40 ,jeff]son gives patriotic reasons = t decision z to size2 he adds ) excell5t arti/ic judgm5t1 8,we are s5sible t ! eye alone consid]$ w n be q z well satisfi$40 ,a g5]ation lat]1 writ+ f ,monticello 9 reg>d to ! /atue ( ,wa%+ton t ! legislature ( ,nor? ,c>ol9a desires to ord]1 he decl>es t ?is "w %\ld be some:at l>g] ?an life4 ,a /rict realism no long] delights him4 ,) true ,jeff]sonian div9ation ( popul> curr5ts1 he leans n[ t[>d ! pseudo-classic ideal already dom9ant 9 ,european /udios4 ,z to ! co/ume *os51 he f9ds t 8e p]son ( ta/e 9 ,europe w\ld be = ! ,roman4444 ,our boots & regim5tals h a v puny effect40 ,9 %ort1 8,old ,canova ( ,rome0 is ! arti/ ,nor? ,c>ol9a %\ld employ4 ,x is pleasant to note t j z ,h\don1 hav+ 8solemnly & feel+ly prote/$ aga9/ ! inadequacy ( ! price1 evid5tly und]took ! "w f motives ( reputation alone10 s too ,canova is 8animat$ ) ard5t zeal to prove himself wor?y ( s great a subject40 ,?us happily are begun ^? /eadfa/ly cont9u$ arti/ic relations betwe5 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ! two ,european c\ntries 9 :i* art prosp]s z ! light & livelihood ( ! p4 ,wa%+ton himself1 :5 ! ,h\don portrait /atue is project$1 plays an admirably discreet "p 9 ! art criticism ( ! mom5t4 ,he writes to ,jeff]son1 on ,augu/ #a1 #aghf3 8,9 answ] to y\r oblig+ enquiries respect+ ! dress1 attitude1 etc41 :i* ,i w\ld wi% to h giv5 to ! /atue 9 "q1 ,i h only to obs]ve t1 n hav+ suffici5t k 9 ! art ( sculpture to oppose my judgm5t to ! ta/e ( ,connoisseurs1 ,i d n desire to dictate 9 ! matt]40 ,h[ unlike ! home life ( ,william ,hoh5zoll]n6 ,& h[ (t5 ! ?\ghtful sculptor ( to-day has wi%$ t ,wa%+ton's simple dignity 9 admitt+ an insuffici5cy ( 8k 9 ! art ( sculpture0 might be pond]$ & tak5 to he>t by ^? ( u :o are n qualifi$ 8to dictate 9 ! matt]06 ,9 ?is our free c\ntry ( ! self-elect$ critic1 ! temple ( art is at all h\rs invad$ by ^? :o *e]ily ann\nce t 8!y d n "k mu*10 b :o nev]!less foll[ ! example ( ,william ,,ii r ?an ( our fir/ ,presid5t4 ,all ! ,jeff]son correspond5ce respect+ ^! two /atues ( ,wa%+ton is ( vital int]e/ to ! /ud5t ( our art hi/ory4 ,our "y ,republic1 9 its e>ly /riv+s t[>d art1 0 =tunate 9 hav+ an advis] z well-advis$ z ! ma/] ( ,monticello4 ,x 0 ,?omas ,jeff]son :o guid$ inquir+ /ate legislatures1 n[ t[>d ,h\don1 ! p[]ful ,fr5* reali/1 & aga9 t[>d ,canova1 ! di/+ui%$ ,italian ideali/4 ,?r\gh ,jeff]son's h&s1 our ,am]ican sculpture fir/ receiv$ ^? ri* /reams ( influ5ce1 realism & idealism1 bo? s necess>y 9 any liv+ national art4 ,= realism & idealism1 h[ev] (t5 misnam$ or ov]-prais$ or discr$it$1 ea* aft] ! o!r1 w cont9ue to %ape ! arti/'s int]pretation ( 8 vision ( life4 ,today1 :5 9 our lit]ature books z fundam5tally unlike z ,m>ia ,*apdela9e & ,babbitt run _! race side by side z popul> favorites1 we _c d\bt ! hold ( ei!r classicism or naturalism on our lives & times4 ,gilb]t ,murray1 9 8 notes on ! ,hippolytus1 writes t its mat*less clos+ sc5e 8proves ! ultimate fals5ess ( ! di/9ction betwe5 classical & romantic4 ,! highe/ poetry has ! beauty ( bo?40 ,,iii ,return+ to ! ,quak] lady :o speaks our prologue1 & conn+ once m ! tale ( h] works 9 all _! brisk navet1 ! sympa!tic /ud5t w easily evoke ! difficult conditions "u :i* sculpture fir/ re>$ its head 9 our c\ntry4 ,sculpture1 ?\gh an art manife/ly answ]+ "o ( ! e>lie/ religi\s ne$s ( primitive man1 7& inde$ ! v fir/ ( all ! arts to fall "u ! ban ( ! c5sor7 is an art mu* h9d]$ & abridg$ dur+ l>ge pione] movem5ts4 ,?us ! ,mayfl[]1 t greatly accommodat+ vessel1 may h br\ght ov] ,eld] ,brew/]'s *e/ or "s fair ,priscilla's sp9n+-:eel1 b we may be sure t nev] a /atue came out ( h] hold4 ,nei!r ar*itecture nor pa9t+ suff]$ q z mu* z sculpture 9 t hi/oric sea-*ange ( ! e>ly sev5te5? c5tury4 ,z ! turtle c>ries 8 h\se on 8 back1 s ! ar*itect1 9 a s5se1 may c>ry 8 home 9 8 pocket4 ,! draw+s & inh]it$ traditions ( cab9et-mak]s1 c>p5t]s1 & ar*itects suppli$ our coloni/s ) excell5t models = furniture1 = mansions1 = *ur*es1 = /ate-h\ses4 ,su* models 7 n slavi%ly foll[$4 ,!y 7 adapt$1 (t5 ) great orig9ality & skill1 sometimes ) creative g5ius4 ,! coloni/s' s5se ( =m gratifi$ itself 9 ^! directions1 s9ce ! "t 0 n ripe = sculpture4 ,dilig5t 9 fo/]+ bo? =eign importations & local indu/ry1 ! m prosp]\s ( our =efa!rs _h good h\ses1 good furniture1 good silv]1 good clo!s1 & ev5 good pa9t+s long be=e !y _h any good sculpture4 ,/atues1 unlike *ocolate-pots & meet+-h\ses1 _c1 ev5 :5 all mat]ials are giv51 be magically call$ into exi/5ce f a %eaf ( plans & specifications plac$ 9 ! h&s ( compet5t artisans4 ,a consid]able body ( sculpture 9 p]man5t =m implies a backgr\nd ( ord]ly civilization1 well develop$ on its indu/rial side4 ,! m>ble qu>ry & ! bronze f\ndry d n spr+ up ov]-night 9 mu%room gr[?4 ,!y are ! fo/]-*ildr5 ( sl[ "t4 ,we are call$ an inv5tive1 craftsmanlike p1 b x 0 n until ! ye> #ahdg t ! fir/ ca/+ ( a bronze /atue 0 accompli%$ 9 our c\ntry4 ,! /atue 0 ( ! ,bo/on a/ronom]1 ,dr4 ,b[dit*1 & by ! ,engli% sculptor1 ,ball ,hughes4 ,! orig9al bronze ca/ 0 n a :olly successful piece ( "w2 x 0 long ago replac$ by a bronze f a ,fr5* f\ndry4 ,b ^? famili> ) ! difficulties ( ! situation w recall ,dr4 ,johnson's obs]vation ab\t ! dog walk+ on 8 h9d legs4 8,x is n done well1 b y are surpris$ to f9d x done at all40 ,,iv ,h[ev]1 we ne$ n h>p too long & too m\rnfully on ! physical imp$im5ts 9 our sculptural />t4 ,enorm\s z ^! 71 !y 7 less mighty ?an ! spiritual ob/acles set up by "t & place4 ,fir/ ( all1 x is to be rememb]$ t ! ,european _w ( ! sev5te5? & eighte5? c5turies 0 mov+ on 9 a mild1 manife/1 n necess>ily p]man5t decl9e 9 creative p[] z %[n ?r\gh ! graphic arts4 ,! waves ( t decl9e rea*$ ev5 our own /]n coa/4 ,x is safe to say t _h ! ,am]ican coloni/s' h\r co9cid$ ) an h\r ( l>ge r5asc5ce 9 art ?r\gh\t ,europe1 our =efa!rs1 :e!r ,cavali] or ,r\ndhead1 w\ld e>li] h f\nd room = art z a ne$ & a natural expression ( ! fre] life !y s\ght4 ,z = ! di/9ctively ,puritan view1 t view too (t5 7?\gh p]haps n z (t5 z we n[ ?9k7 d5i$ & p]secut$ beauty 9 ! fi]ce ,puritan conc5tration ^u hol9ess4 ,x is true t art1 9 its bli!r & m g5ial guise1 slips away f ! society ( ! s\r-visag$4 ,b x is also true t a great tragic expression 9 art sometimes bur/s uncontrollably f peoples or p]sons ) m9ds exac]bat$ by long =titudes4 ,we le>n ?is f ! ,belgian sculptor ,meuni] brood+ ov] 8 bro!rs ( ! ,black ,c\ntry1 f ! ,s]bian sculptor ,me/rovic immortaliz+ 9 /one 8 c\ntry's /]n leg5ds1 f ! poet ,dante tread+ 8 ,inf]no4 ,b ! ,flor5t9e & ! ,s]bian & ! ,belgian produc$ _! art "u _! native skies4 ,!y 7 n torn up by ! roots to live 9 a /range l&4 ,yes1 ! ma9 imp$im5t 9 e>ly ,am]ican art 0 spiritual r ?an mat]ial4 ,:5 we see to-day 9 "s lonely1 half-=gott5 ,new ,engl& village a spaci\s1 nobly-design$1 admirably-built meet+-h\se1 capp+ ! v cre/ ( a high rock-ribb$ hill ( exce$+ difficulty1 7! *ur* at ,acwor? w s]ve z an example7 we uncov] our heads be=e ! ef=ts ( our fa!rs to erect a h\se ( pray]4 ,! _s mov$ !m4 ,no?+ less w\ld h suffic$ 9 :at !y did & suff]$4 ,! ob/acles 9 _! pa? 7 _m & great1 b be+ mat]ial1 7 surm\nt$4 ,9 our e>ly /riv+s t[>d sculpture1 ! ob/acles 7 bo? spiritual & mat]ial1 & g5]ally speak+1 ! ob/acles won ! day4 ,we _h no notewor?y e>ly native sculpture1 l>gely because we lack$ ! passion to create x4 ,t passion 0 n dead1 b x lay dormant dur+ ! long w9try season t prec$$ ! spr+ ( our national consci\sness4 ,9 ! mean "t1 m5 & wom5 di$1 & _h _! humble c>v$ slate head/ones2 %ips put out to sea1 glory+ 9 _! robu/ wood5 figure-heads ( ,am]ican make4 ,b5jam9 ,we/'s leg5d>y adv5ture ) 8 cat's-fur bru%es & 8 ,am]9d colors & 8 baby si/]'s lik5ess no d\bt _h its sculptural c\nt]p>t 9 ! creative endeavor ( _m an unkn[n fire-side :ittl]4 ,^! obscure dramas ( arti/ic ef=t c\nt$2 ?\gh meagre & l[ly1 !y 7 n 9 va92 !y made = craftsman%ip1 art's help]4 ,ref]r+ to m important matt]s1 we d n =get ,william ,ru%'s full-l5g? /atue ( ,wa%+ton1 hewn f wood1 or 8 soldi]ly self-portrait1 c>v$ f a p9e log2 or ! e>ly ef=ts1 9 portraiture1 ( ,dixey1 9 ,new ,j]sey1 ( ,augur 9 ,connecticut2 ( ,john ,frazee1 t "y /one-cutt] to :om we owe ! fir/ m>ble portrait bu/ *isel$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z late z ! ye> #ahbd4 ,we rememb] also ! ,br[]e life-masks1 creat$ by a secret process1 & useful /ill z hi/oric data4 ,int]e/+ & emphatic z are ! p]sonalities ( all ^! e>ly work]s1 t ( ,william ,ru% is by f> ! mo/ significant4 ,9 lit]al tru?1 ,pati5ce ,wright 0 m]ely our fir/ sculptress1 ^: "w mu/ be> ! implications ( frailty l5t by t "n4 ,b ,william ,ru% 0 our fir/ sculptor4 ,9 8 y\? he 0 a soldi] ( ! ,revolution1 & 9 lat] life he 0 long a memb] ( ! ,c\ncil ( ,philadelphia2 8 c>e] z arti/ & z citiz5 won respect = ! e>ly art life ( our c\ntry4 ,born 9 ,philadelphia 9 #agef1 he 0 tw5ty-n9e :5 ,h\don soj\rn$ 9 t t[n4 ,hav+ be5 appr5tic$ :5 v "y1 ,ru% 0 already well-kn[n z a c>v] ( %ips' figure-heads1 "w 9 :i* he cont9u$ to be successful ?r\gh\t 8 long & busy life4 ,8 !ory & practice 9 wood-c>v+ con=m$ to ,mi*elangelo's ,go?ic cre$1 some:at outworn among sculptors1 b ( late re/or$ to respect4 ,william ,ru% e>ne/ly believ$ t ! c>v] %\ld see 8 vision 9 ! block1 & realize its image by hew+ away ! sup]flu\s %ell4 ,he 0 mod]n en\gh at times to /& by :ile direct+ a workman to *op "h & cut !re & slice some:]e else1 s t he himself c\ld save 8 own en]gy = keep+ 8 vision cle>4 ,( 8 ,_s ( ! ,s*uylkill1 orig9ally 9 wood b s9ce translat$ into bronze & /ill /&+ ov] its bas9 9 ,fairm\nt ,p>k1 ! *ronicles ( its day decl>$ t 8no great] piece ( art 0 to be f\nd 9 all ! _w40 ,! pres5t age w h>dly consid] ?is drap$ figure ! equal1 say1 ( ! ,maid5s ( ! ,ere*!um4 ,yet ! "w1 ) its companion pieces1 ! ,s*uylkill 9 ,*a9s & ! ,s*uylkill ,releas$1 has its own vigor\s ar*aic classicism :i* mod]n /ud5ts may well pond]4 ,ru% 0 "o ( ! plann]s & f\nd]s ( ! ,p5nsylvania ,academy ( ,f9e ,arts4 ,aft] ?is 0 f9ally e/abli%$ 9 #ahje1 our fir/ ,am]ican art organization1 he 0 "o ( its directors until 8 dea?4 ,z a _m-sid$ man ( action & ( c\nsel1 ( intellig5ce & ( culture1 he sums up ! be/ to be f\nd 9 ! v>i$ *>act]s ( our pione] arti/s1 p]sonages wor?y ( our deepe/ respect4 ,we %all be too quick despair]s if we brood ov] ! fact t mo/ ( _! works %[ ,yankee +5uity r ?an ,prome!an fire4 ,! inv5tive _s is "p ( our pione] h]itage2 x reappe>s r (t5 9 our art hi/ory4 ,rob]t ,fulton1 z ,mr4 ,i%am rem9ds u 9 8 /ory ( ,am]ican pa9t+1 0 a promis+ pupil 9 ,b5jam9 ,we/'s ,london /udio4 8,f !re he w5t to ,p>is1 :]e he rema9$ sev5 ye>s1 pa9t+ easel pictures1 & also ! fir/ panorama se5 !re1 ^: memory is /ill pres]v$ 9 ! "n ( ! ,passage des ,panoramas40 ,morse is yet ano!r classic example ( ,am]ican g5ius s]v+ bo? art & sci5ce4 ,"o ( ! lat] pupils ( ,we/1 he _h n only pa9t$ vigor\s & important pictures b _h also play$ a /rik+ "p 9 ! f\nd+ ( our ,national ,academy ( ,design be=e he f9ally 8wreak$ 8 g5ius0 on 8 inv5tion ( ! telegraph4 ,hiram ,p[]s1 sculptor ( ! ,greek ,slave1 9 y\? acquir$ m]it f ! clock-"w devices by :i* he enhanc$ ! mov+ *>ms ( ! wax figures he model$ = a museum 9 ,c9c9nati4 ,today1 9 our j\rnali/ic canvass+s ( popul> op9ion z to contempor>y ,am]ican greatness1 we f9d t 9 ! public m9d1 ,edison's "n leads all ! re/4 ,! prickly palm ( greatness is aw>d$ n to a tea*]1 to a publici/1 to a writ]1 to a political lead]1 or to an arti/ 9 any guise :atev]1 b to an inv5tor4 ,inv5tive g5ius ?us claims our highe/ admiration2 inv5tive g5ius may inde$ be our highe/ national *>act]i/ic4 ,if s1 x is wor? :ile 7& n 9 ! lea/ 8deva/at+07 to consid] :e!r ! same inv5tiv5ess t animates ! e>ly art-=ms ( ,william ,ru%'s foll[]s does n also contribute some?+ to ! v sophi/icat$ creations ( our gift$ & =tunately well-tra9$ "y sculptors ) ! d]ni] cri f ,crete 9 _! m9ds & at _! f+]-tips4 ,! /ory ( ,am]ican sculpture _c be told "u a p>able ( a *a9 ) equally /rong l9ks ?r\gh\t4 ,"o ?9ks r ( a sl5d] ?read1 :i* may be fa/5$ to a cord1 :i* w draw up a /rong rope1 :i* w 9 turn atta* itself to a p[]ful cable4 ,if e>ly ,yankee +5uity is t sl5d] ?read1 let u ?ank ,god = x1 & hope = bett] ?+s4 ,v ,) ! dawn ( our national consci\sness j aft] ! d>k h\rs ( ! ,revolution1 a natural human love = ! lik5ess1 /r5g!n$ by a g5]\s surr5d] to h]o-wor%ip1 is already ar\s+ 9 u a long+ = an art t w express our patriotic emotions4 ,if a*ievem5t alone be consid]$1 !re is surely a great gulf fix$ betwe5 ,pati5ce ,wright & ,jean ,anto9e ,h\don4 ,b ! same s9c]e passion fires ,quak]ess & citoy52 _! common aim is a /rong repres5tation ( real life1 transfigur$ by ! flame ( ! _s burn+ 9 ! lamp ( clay4 ,x is record$ t an ov]p[]+ s5se ( ,wa%+ton's greatness sometimes actually imp$$ ^? arti/s :o aspir$ to reveal him1 body & s\l1 to po/]ity4 ,po/]ity !n is =tunate because our fa!rs receiv$ f ,h\don's g5ius n only ! ,wa%+ton /atue1 b also sev5 noble portrait bu/s1 ^? ( ,frankl91 ,paul ,jones1 ,wa%+ton1 ,lafayette1 ,jeff]son1 ,fulton1 & ,joel ,b>l[1 to m5tion !m 9 ! ord] ( _! creation1 f #aggh to #ahjc4 ,^! virile int]pretations ( "* 7 n lo/ 9 ! ins & outs ( our ,atlantic coa/-l9e4 ,ev5 to ?is day1 "s "o or o!r ( !m (t5 reappe>s 9 public view1 to excite int]e/1 admiration1 & controv]sy4 ,b 9 ! e>ly n9ete5? c5tury1 z is %[n by ,jeff]son's c\nsel to ! ,nor? ,c>ol9a legislature1 ,conova1 r ?an ,h\don1 has become ! "n to conjure )4 ,ev5 9 portraiture1 realism has giv5 way to pseudo-classicism1 long be=e ,gre5\gh arrives on ! /age ) 8 ,wa%+ton z ! ,olympian ,zeus1 a colossal half-drap$ m>ble figure design$ = a %r9e )9 ! ,capitol4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bu/ ,,( ,,wa%+ton1 ,,at ,,m\nt ,,v]non ,,by ,,jean ,,anto9e ,,h\don ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,our ,,bli! ,,beg9n+ ,,days ,i ,alive & kick+2 bett] ?an we n[ realize1 ! old phrase fits our "y ,am]ican art ( ! e>ly n9ete5? c5tury4 ,9 ,bo/on1 ,mr4 ,bulf9* is pack+ 8 triangles & ,t-squ>es = a j\rney to ,wa%+ton1 :]e he is to rema9 twelve ye>s z ,latrobe's successor z ar*itect ( ! ,capitol4 ,9 ,new ,york1 morn+-/> "y art-/ud5ts are passionately p]=m+ _! hi/oric ritual ( fight+ ! janitor & f\nd+ new movem5ts2 ev5 ,colonel ,trumbull is defi$2 h5ce1 9 #ahbe1 our ,national ,academy ( ,design4 ,9 ,philadelphia1 h>mony presides ov] ! ,p5nsylvania ,academy ( ,f9e ,arts4 ,b 9 ,wa%+ton1 :at commotion6 ,re/orations are to be made aft] ! fires ( ! ,briti%2 !re are new excavations1 new aspirations4 ,!re's sculptor's "w "h = _m a ye>4 ,bronze doors mu/ be creat$1 9 ! suppos$ mann] ( ,ghib]ti2 p$im5ts mu/ be populat$2 & :at is a dome )\t its colossal figure ( ,fre$om8 ,gre5\gh & ,craw=d & ,r&olph ,rog]s are ! sculptors ( ! h\r4 ,& always ,hiram ,p[]s1 some:at ap>t f ! ,wa%+ton bu/le4 ,mod]n imag9ation fails to see ^? e>ly craftsm5 z !y really 74 ,because !y are dead to u n[1 we fall into ! error ( ?9k+ t !y always 7 dead1 anyway2 ! /illy sort ( sculpture !y (t5 made su/a9s u 9 t illusion4 ,b :5 we look into _! lives1 & he> _! say+s1 we le>n1 almo/ ) a %ock1 t ^! m5 felt deeply1 ev5 :ile !y express$ !mselves feebly 9 _! art4 ,liv+ amid/ heap$ ri*es ( opportunity1 ! art-/ud5t ( to-day c sc>cely imag9e ! bleak pov]ty ( arti/ic res\rce t ,gre5\gh & ,craw=d & ,p[]s left beh9d !m :5 !y sail$ away to ,rome or to ,flor5ce4 ,n[adays1 art-s*ools fl\ri% "h3 ca/s ( good sculpture ab\nd2 photographs ( ma/]pieces may be _h at a small price4 ,museums freely %[ examples ( ! arts ( all nations1 & intellig5tly arrange ^! displays to s]ve ! imm$iate ne$s ( /ud5ts2 9 %ort1 !y d a great "w s well t !y h already become a t>get = s-call$ criticism f self-/yl$ intellectuals expos+ _! wits 9 ! columns ( w\ld-be radical j\rnals4 ,?+s 7 v diff]5t 9 ,gre5\gh's "t4 ,!re 7 inde$ a few collections ( ca/s1 probably ) soil$ noses2 !re 7 portfolios ( /eel engrav+s1 t sometimes bore false witness aga9/ beauty4 ,kn[+ ! leanness ( ^? e>ly ye>s1 we c b wond] at ! l>ge vision ( our fa!rs 9 consid]+ our capital city2 & we c b ?ank our lucky ,/>s & ,/ripes = ! bond ( sympa?y betwe5 our "y ,republic & ,france1 a sympa?y p>tly responsible = ! happy *oice ( ,g5]al ,wa%+ton's aid1 ,major ,pi]re ,l',enfant1 z our fir/ city plann]4 ,! _s ( ,l',enfant's "w has surviv$ ! %ocks ( "t & s5ates2 t plan ( ! ye> #agib 7s9ce ext5d$ 9 accordance ) ! pr9ciples ( design x embodi$7 is /ill reg>d$ z 8at once ! f9e/ & mo/ compreh5sive plan ev] devis$ = a capital city40 ,^? lean ye>s 7 n by any means ! day ( small ?+s2 x is to ?is h\r a bless+ = sculpture & = ar*itecture t ,wa%+ton & ,jeff]son & ,l',enfant laid l>ge f\ndations = ! seat ( ,gov]nm5t4 ,a c5tury ago1 ! cont9u$ build+ & re-build+ ( ! ,capitol express$ a pr(\nd national feel+2 ! s\ls ( our sculptors1 z f> z we _h sculptors1 7 ?rill$ ) desire to add pla/ic beauty to its gates & gables4 ,at lea/ "o ( ^? great dreams 0 de/9$ to end z food = j\rnali/ic jibes4 ,gre5\gh's colossal m>ble ,wa%+ton z ! ,olympian ,zeus1 a gr&iose conception por$ ov] = sev5 ye>s 9 ,italy1 prov$ to be too l>ge & heavy = ! indoor plac+ int5d$ = x1 & x 0 doom$ to be set up outside ! ,capitol = ! public to %>p5 its wits ^u4 ,unfavorably %[n1 x is unju/ly view$4 ,"o recalls ) pleasure ,sa9t-,gaud5s's g5tle judgm5ts ( our pione] sculptors & _! h&iwork4 8,^? m5 7 great] ?an we "k10 he w\ld say4 ,he refus$ to jo9 9 any ( our mod]n m]rim5t at ! exp5se ( ! ,olympian ,zeus4 ,esprit de corps compell$ him to recognize 9 ,gre5\gh "s l>ge trace ( ! arti/ z well z ! craftsman4 ,,ii ,consid] = a mom5t ! attractive "y ,iri%-,am]ican sculptor ,craw=d /&+ rapt be=e 8 spl5didly blank ,s5ate p$im5t1 ) 8 !me ( ! ,pa/ & ,pres5t ( ! ,republic 9 8 eye4 ,^? 7 our bli! beg9n+ days :5 a sculptor might confront 8 p$im5t ) a he>t unburd5$ by ! remembrance ( o!r m5's failures 9 p$im5ts1 & ) a m9d undiscipl9$ by any previ\s k ( ! ne$s ( p$im5ts4 ,he did n dread ^? bitt] acuities ( space at "r & left1 ^? angles :i* to mod]n discrim9ation (t5 seem s grossly ov]/uff$ :5 fill$1 s tragically vacant :5 left 8to let40 ,he _h nev] he>d ( ! 8or*e/ration ( %ad[s10 or ( 8musical repetitions10 or ( 8blonde model+10 or ( 8keep+ ! masses :ite10 or ( 8! creative spiral10 or ( 8ma/]y ?r\gh ! gold5 diagonal40 ,he _h nev] be5 adjur$1 l ! "y /ud5t ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 to 8bew>e ! b\le de suif02 on ! o!r h&1 he _h nev] be5 advis$1 ) /ud5ts com+ aft] ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 to seek ri*ness ( model+ by means ( 8fatty ends40 ,sculptural color he w\ld probably h reg>d$ z hav+ some?+ to d ) pa9t4 ,he ( c\rse _h 8 own patt]1 bl[n abroad by ! writ]s ( a too prosaic poetry & a too poetic prose4 ,! real writ]s1 too1 us$ to l5d a h& 9 pres5t+ art to ! public4 ,:5 ! g5ius ( ,edw>d ,ev]ett sprang to ! rescue ( ,gre5\gh's ,wa%+ton1 & :5 ,haw?orne s5t out w+$ words ab\t little ,miss ,hosm]'s ,z5obia1 sculpture 0 receiv+ f s*ol>%ip a ne$$ sort ( fir/ aid4 ,to return to ! ,capitol p$im5t1 ,craw=d's int5tion & attitude 7 q uncomplicat$4 ,he _h b to snat* ! l>ge/ !me 9 sight1 & to d 8 be/ ) %ap+ its figures "o by "o inside 8 triangle ( gr&eur4 ,! m>vel is t he came s ne> to success4 ,! ?+ has a k9d ( di/9ction f ! man's s+l5ess ( aim4 ,s9ce !n1 scores ( our sculptors f coa/ to coa/ h solv$ ! p$im5t problem ) v>y+ success4 ,_m ( !m br+ a highly p]sonal & int]e/+ solution4 ,w>d1 ,b>tlett1 ,fr5*1 ,o',connor1 ,bitt]1 ,we9man1 ! ,piccirillis1--^! names b beg9 ! li/4 ,! _w calls u a wa/eful nation1 a nation t unbuilds z x builds4 ,9 ! face ( ?is1 x is pleasant to "k t only a few mon?s ago1 ,mr4 ,b>tlett's h&some ,peace ,protect+ ,g5ius has be5 set up 9 ! ,h\se p$im5t1 to mat* ,craw=d's ,pa/ & ,pres5t ( ! ,republic at ! ,s5ate w+4 ,ne>ly a c5tury has elaps$ s9ce ! ,capitol fir/ busi$ itself ) p$im5tal decorations4 ,our sculpture has _h "t to le>n 9 ^! ye>s4 ,,iii ,gre5\gh came fir/ 9 our l9e ( s*ol>ly sculptors1 t class to :i* ,w4 ,w4 ,/ory lat] l5t great lu/re4 ,a ,lat9 inscription ( five l9es1 beg9n+ 8,simulacrum i/ud0 & end+ 8,horatius ,gre5\gh faciebat0 m>ks ! huge ,wa%+ton /atue4 ,well1 if ,i rightly und]/& ?is sculptor1 ,i l 8 8faciebat40 ,x seems m consci5ti\s & less cocksure ?an ! 8fecit0 ) :i* our sculptors sometimes grace _! signatures1 & x is c]ta9ly n s gruff z ! laconic 8sc40 ,betwe5 its eight lett]s "o reads ! com+ & go+ ( ^? sev5 dilig5t ,italian ye>s2 & we %all deceive ourselves if we c\nt ^? ye>s :olly lo/ = our ,am]ican art4 ,if only ,gre5\gh c\ld h enjoy$ "s ( ! surplusage ( admiration giv5 to 8 contempor>y ,p[]s = 8 ,greek ,slave ) h] well-smoo!d body1 h] manacl$ ,m$icean h&1 & ! accurately fr+$ mantle at h] feet6 ,?\gh expressly adv]tis$ z a nude figure1 %e is dress$ f top to toe 9 a mo/ unfle%ly h>d-s(t te*nique :i* our "t calls incompet5t1 b :i* #ahdg /yl$ 8! spiritualization ( ! m>ble40 ,! p]sonality ( ! arti/ c\nt$ v l>gely 9 ^? days2 :ile ,gre5\gh 0 s*ol>ly & ,craw=d attractive1 & :ile ,r&olph ,rog]s ) 8 bronze doors & 8 ,nydia 0 :at w\ld n[ be call$ a good 8g-gett]10 ,hiram ,p[]s 0 easily ! ma9 spellb9d] ( ! e>ly gr\p4 ,) ! exception ( ,rod9's ,balzac ( fifty ye>s lat]1 no /atue ( ! n9ete5? c5tury has ev] be5 s fam\s z ! ,greek ,slave4 ,x is "o ( ! p>adoxes ( art t ?is /rangely ill-assort$ pair g d[n ! corridors ( t great age toge!r1 unit$ solely by ! bond ( greate/ fame4 ,x is wor? :ile to exam9e ! two1 plac$ side by side 9 ! museum ( our m9ds4 ,bo? are s well kn[n ?r\gh pr9ts & photographs t _m p]sons :o h nev] really se5 ei!r "o face to face1 n[ fancy t !y h /udi$ bo? at close range4 ,bo? are sculptural anecdotes2 "o is told ) a leisurely abundance ( detail1 ! o!r ) a swift da% = ! climax4 ,! ,v]mont]'s /atue is surely meant to be a consci5ti\s r5d]+ 8f ! ,nudo10 z our gr&p>5ts phras$ x1 b ! ,fr5*man1 9 8 passion to translate into sculpture a =ce ( lit]ature1 has gone f> beyond :at 0 to him a daily commonplace1 ! /udy ( fle%4 ,z = ! m]e app>el ( ! subject1 "o man has s*$ul$ x to ! la/ /it*1 :ile ! o!r has pil$ x up vehem5tly into a %apeless monoli? f :i* em]ges ! triumphant head4 ,ea* sculptor d\btless ?rew 8 :ole s\l into reveal+ ! _s ( ! matt] 9 h&4 ,:i* ( ! two has succe$$8 ,if ! p>allel becomes deadly "h1 ,mr4 ,p[]s has br\ght x on himself by 8 extraord9>y fame 9 ?ree c\ntries4 ,ev]y?+ conspir$ = ! celebrity ( ! ,slave1--h] creation 9 ,italy1 h] =tunate db 9 ,engl&1 h] travels to ,am]ica1 &1 be/ ( all1 t body ( cl]gym5 deput$ to pass ^u h] moral /atus4 ,"o c b wond] :e!r e la/ "o ( ^! took ! matt] s]i\sly1 or :e!r "s "o ( !m w9k$ at "s o!r dur+ ! delib]ations4 ,! sculptor made a mode/ numb] ( copies ( 8 ma/]piece4 ,b o!r sculptors reproduc$ _! m>ble visions by ! bak]'s doz51 by ! score4 ,9 fact1 only ye/]day a v5]able eye-witness ( ^? times report$ t a c]ta9 ,am]ican sculptor dispos$ ( no less ?an two hundr$ m>ble copies ( a life-siz$ ideal figure4 ,appall+ it]ation6 ,"o asks :]e all ! m>ble came f1 & :i!r x all w5t4 ,& t sculptor app>5tly _h no idea t 9 ?is bus9ess ( ! two hundr$ copies he 0 %[+ himself two hundr$ times z mu* salesman z arti/4 ,fa%ions alt]1 9 e?ics z 9 art4 ,to-day1 su* a practition] w\ld h>dly be p]sona grata 9 ! ,national ,sculpture ,society4 ,,iv ,mean:ile a "y mod]n sculptor at my elb[ v civilly inquires1 8,b :y ! devil didn't ^? old boys d _! home /uff80 ,! obvi\s answ] w\ld be1 t if ! home is :]e ! he>t is1 !n 9 a v real s5se !y did d _! home /uff4 ,!y 7 n at home among ! ,v]mont m\nta9s1 or by ! ,great ,lakes4 ,!y felt t _! bir?right 9 art call$ !m away f _! fir/ bir?place to _! second4 ,v soon1 too1 ! all-absorb+ topic ( slav]y w be pres5t$ by our sculptors1 9 a diff]5t way & "u a m timely aspect4 ,long be=e ,?omas ,ball places 8 ,emancipation gr\ps 9 ,wa%+ton & 9 ,bo/on1 ,w>d has produc$ 8 ,fre$man1 & ,john ,rog]s ! ,slave ,auction t 9 #ahfj h]alds 8 long s]ies ( popul> gr\ps4 ,*oos+ subjects bo? classic & reali/ic1 ,miss ,hosm]1 ,miss ,ream & o!r wom5 sculptors h a consid]able vogue4 ,f t e>li] p]iod rema9 beautiful classic works by ,r9eh>t1 f\nd] ( ! ,r9eh>t s*ol>%ip :i* mu* lat] s5d abroad ,h]mon ,mac,neil1 "o ( ! mo/ di/+ui%$ ( our mod]n sculptors1 & n[ ,presid5t ( our ,national ,sculpture ,society4 ,r9eh>t's ,clytie1 com+ b a few ye>s aft] ! ,greek ,slave1 %[s a m>k$ advance ov] h] m fam\s si/]4 ,& ,era/us ,palm]'s w9n+ ,:ite ,captive1 al?\gh n new 9 !me1 has a great fre%ness1 a delicate realism ( treatm5t4 ,to quote f my article on ! exhibition ( contempor>y sculpture at ! ,metropolitan ,museum1 8,no less int]e/+ to ! /ud5t ( sculpture is ! kaleidoscopic juxtaposition ( ,palm] & ,man%ip1 two arti/s ( two diff]5t g5]ations4 ,only ! wid? ( a room p>ts ! ,:ite ,captive f ! ,girl ) ,gazelles1 f :i* we note t 9 aim ^! m5 are n s diff]5t z we once _h dream$4444 ,z to mann]1 mu* might be said besides ^! two obvi\s tru?s2 fir/1 t ! newe/ mann] is (t5 ! olde/1 or at lea/ ! longe/ =gott5 at ! "t ( its resuscitation1 x be+ a ?+ :i* = "s obscure human reason or o!r #8m5 want dug up aga9'2 & next1 t ! be/ mann] is t :i* sc>cely %[s z a mann] at all1 b is tak5 = grant$ z accompanim5t ( some?+ m important1 ! matt] & ! _s40 ,x w\ld appe> t ! "y m5 ( to-day are do+ mu* ! same ?+ z 8^? old boys0 my sculptor fri5d speaks (3 !y are seek+ mod]n inspiration f anci5t models1 b !y are do+ x ) m k1 m grace1 m humor1 m assurance1 m /yle4 ,/yle8 ,p]haps ! "r ^w is /ylization4 ,illu/ration3 ,,clytie ,,by ,,william ,h4 ,,r9eh>t ,illu/ration3 ,,:ite ,,captive ,,by ,,era/us ,d4 ,,palm] ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,( ,,?ree ,,lead]s1 ,,& ,,( ,,moral ,,e>ne/ness ,,9 ,,art ,i ,moral e>ne/ness8 ,i use bo? words gladly1 & )\t apology4 ,:y %\ld any "o fe> t two words s pack$ ) mean+ %\ld bre$ ennui8 ,a curi\s fact ab\t our contempor>y criticism ( art & lit]ature is ?is3 t a criticism :i* con/antly decl>es itself to be c\rage\s 9 all ways1 & :i* really has prov$ itself to be c\rage\s 9 _m ways1 (t5 scurries away affright$ ! mom5t x grazes ! ^w moral4 ,b :y8 ,does x fe> ! la% ( epi!ts su* z ,ph>isee1 ,phili/9e1 ,victorian8 ,! /+ has long ago gone out ( ^? h>d names4 ,ov] & ov] aga91 ! critic w aim "s well-consid]$ attack ^u a c]ta9 specifi$ bas5ess t he p]ceives & abhors 9 lit]ature or 9 art2 & !n1 be=e he f9i%es 8 good "w1 7& y c see f 8 look t he believes x to be good "w7 he sudd5ly decamps1 ) ! obs]vation1 8,b ?is is n 9 ! lea/ a "q ( morals2 x is a "q ( arti/ic ta/e40 ,sometimes 8 read] _c help ?9k+1 by contra/1 ( t quick ^w ( ! old ,greek dramati/1 prote/+ aga9/ "s ( ! lewd my?s ( 8 religion1 8,say n !re be adult]]s 9 heav51 ,nor prison] gods & jail]s3--long ago ,my he>t ha? nam$ x vile & %all n alt]60 ,if someone n[adays %\ld speak l t1 might x n cle> ! air8 ,i mean1 "s valu$ critic ( our arts & lett]s4 ,z x is1 we ( today leave su* "w to ! c5sor4 ,& our democracy1 avid = class di/9ctions1 acc\nts ! c5sor consid]ably l[] ?an ! angels4 ,! c5sor1 poor s\l1 might z well sl9k at once into ! society ( ! execution]1 t mo/ deject$1 mo/ reject$ figure 9 hi/ory4 ,:5 ! c5sor says1 9 8 own way1 8,my he>t ha? nam$ x vile10 nobody pays mu* att5tion4 ,b ! _w might look up if "s urbane & tru/$ critic w\ld write ) ! moral e>ne/ness ( ,euripides1 dodg+ no?+4 ,k5yon ,cox us$ to d s4 ,:at ,i am driv+ at is ?is3 ,)\t moral e>ne/ness1 7v probably ! ,fr5* w\ld call x s]i\sness7 art _c prosp] 9 a /range c\ntry1 "u unnative sky4 ,!re w\ld be no f\ndation = lay+ ! corn]/ones ( art1 let alone = build+ its high-erect$ ar*es4 ,x is a solemn ?\ght1 is x n1 t ,am]ican sculptors are today plac+ _! creations on soil t nev] be=e 0 m\ld$ into =ms ( vivid art su* z ! ,old ,_w knew 9 ! dawn ( human culture8 ,= ) due reg>d to our anci5t ,aztec civilization f ,zui to ,cuzco1 our pre-hi/oric ,new ,_w has no?+ to %[ 9 any way comp>able ) ^? free =ms sket*$ tw5ty ?\s& ye>s ago on ! walls ( ! paleoli?ic cav]ns 9 ,s\?we/]n ,europe1 9 ! v regions :]e ! n9ete5? c5tury ma/]s ( sculpture 7 born4 ,to ?is day1 ,am]ican arti/s h all ! responsibility t comes ) ! beg9n+s & transplant+s ( culture4 ,!y are ance/ors4 ,,ii ,euripides 0 creator r ?an critic4 ,x may be t ! moral e>ne/ness we ne$ mu/ come to u 9 a ?\s& unse5 ways ?r\gh ! reconcil+ h&s ( creation1 r ?an 9 "o way ?r\gh ! tongue or p5 ( ! critic4 ,i %all n say t ?is quality ( moral e>ne/ness is f\nd ev]y:]e 9 ,am]ican sculpture4 ,b ,i "k t x is f\nd 9 _m places1 & 9 ne>ly all ! high places4 ,moral e>ne/ness is ! v f\ndation ( ! only sort ( arti/ic consci5ce t am\nts to mu* z a contribution t[>d ! high] life 9 art4 ,x 0 a /rongly develop$ arti/ic consci5ce t (t5 impell$ ,%rady1 l ,sa9t-,gaud5s be=e him1 to break ! lett] ( "s less] clause ( 8 contract1 9 ord] to keep fai? ) ! _s ( ! :ole4 ,consid] ! moral e>ne/ness ( ,george ,grey ,b>n>d1 "o ( ! few mod]n ma/]s ( ! imag9ation z x speaks 9 /one4 ,y w f9d t 9 ,b>n>d ?is e>ne/ness is "p & p>cel ( ! arti/ he n[ is2 j z x 0 once "p & p>cel ( ,b>n>d ! "y /ud5t1 devot+ int5se /udy to ! exact+ yet l>ge processes ( ! m>ble cutt]2 & by m>ble cutt] ,i mean n ! practition]1 ! doom$ copyi/1 b ! sort ( m>ble cutt] t might call ,mi*elangelo k9sman1 & be at ease on ! ,acropolis ) ,pheidias & 8 m54 ,& ev5 if1 l myself1 y _c make ,b>n>d's bronze pres5tm5t ( ,l9coln squ>e ) y\r own ?rice de> & cle> image ( ?is great man1 ?is great symbol ( ,am]ican /atesman%ip1 y w grant t only a high integrity ( purpose 9 ! matt] c\ld h kept ! sculptor /eadfa/ 9 ! tru? z he saw x4 ,?is fundam5tal e>ne/ness ( ,b>n>d's adds a di/9ction to 8 mo/ casual or ev5 :imsical words conc]n+ art4 ,:5 he talks to y ab\t 8! *eekbones t make ! pa?os ( a face10 a doz5 examples ( :at he means fill y\r memory4 ,,iii ,x is a v happy ?+ = our sculpture t ! ?ree m5 :o h mo/ def9itely guid$ its de/9ies ?r\gh ! pa/ =ty ye>s1--,w>d1 ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 ,fr5*1--are hail$ z m5 ( moral =ce4 ,& x is a special cause = congratulation t ,mr4 ,fr5*1 ! y\nge/-born ( ! ?ree1 /ill rema9s ) u1 /ill vigor\s 9 a*ievem5t4 ,"o expects moral e>ne/ness f ,mr4 ,fr5*1 a ,new ,engl&] ( graci\s ance/ry1 born & br$ 9 ! v happie/ circum/ances ( ,new ,engl& life1 & gr[+ up gaily 9 ! light-&-%ade ( ,concord philosophy4 ,"o expects x f ,mr4 ,w>d1 ) 8 op5-air ,ohio boyhood ( m+l$ ze/s & rigors1 & 8 lat] consci5ti\s acceptance ( ! public duties laid ^u any arti/ :o happ5s also to be an organiz]1 a 8man's man40 ,& :e!r "o expects x or n1 "o f9ds x 9 ri* measure 9 ,sa9t-,gaud5s4 ,?is *ild ( ,france1 born 9 ,irel&1 c>ries )9 him all ! days ( 8 life ! light ( an ,am]ican consci5ce4 ,)\t a compell+ moral e>ne/ness1 he c\ld nev] h br\ght to completion1 9 face ( unimag9able difficulties1 "s ( ! ma/]pieces on :i* 8 fame re/s4 ,e arti/ kn[s ( ! f\rte5 ye>s dur+ :i* ! ,%aw monum5t rema9$ 9 8 /udio1 nev] long abs5t f 8 ?\ght4 ,_m are famili> ) ! repeat$ trials ?r\gh :i* 8 vision ( ,g5]al ,%]man & ! ,angel ( ,victory-,peace f9ally em]g$ triumphant4 ,a man once told 8 d5ti/ ( ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 ( ! ,%aw monum5t1 ( ! f\rte5 ye>s4 8,well10 said ! d5ti/1 twirl+ 8 little mahogany /& ( bright tools1 9 complac5t recollection ( "s ( 8 own swift] victories1 8he c\ldn't h be5 a v sm>t arti/1 to take all t "t40 ,no1 inde$1 ,sa9t-,gaud5s 0 n a v sm>t arti/4 ,! v sm>t arti/1 "o concludes1 c fl\ri% = 8 day )\t a deep f\ndation ( moral e>ne/ness4 ,sa9t-,gaud5s 0 simply ! v great arti/4 ,) ,mr4 ,w>d & ,mr4 ,fr5*1 he made integrity & ! arti/ic consci5ce ! only natural *oice = scores ( "y sculptors n[ influ5c+ our lives4 ,:at ^! ?ree lead]s h ?us contribut$ ( moral beauty1 ( ne$$ moral e>ne/ness to our society1 w nev] be measur$4 ,x is too f>-rea*+ & too deep-seat$4 ,mo/ obs]v]s consid] t a c]ta9 sup]ficiality m>s ,am]ican life4 ,al?\gh we ne$ n jo9 ^? defeati/s :o believe t ?is defect 9 itself spells our ru91 we %all c]ta9ly admit t ! defect exi/s4 ,all honor1 !n1 to ! moral e>ne/ness t today1 l>gely because ( ^! ?ree lead]s1 is s mu* a "p ( ! _s ( ,am]ican sculpture4 ,! sculptor's "w means f> m ?an /ay+ 9 a /udio & lur+ visions into clay or /one or bronze4 ,8 bus9ess isn't altoge!r a wre/l+ ) angels4 ,!re's a c]ta9 am\nt ( cop+ ) committees2 & 8 visions are (t5 none ! worse = ! hone/ revisions t o!r m5 may sugge/4 ,! sculptor's ma/]piece mu/ be able to resi/ ! spiritual we>-&-te> ( ! m>ketplace ( ! _w's op9ion4 ,x is no ma/]piece unless x c 9 ! end d t4 ,& if1 z x /&s1 ! "w is a sil5t influ5ce aga9/ sup]ficiality & empt9ess1 some?+ is ga9$ = ,am]ican life4 ,glad sculpture z well z grave sculpture c ex]t t influ5ce4 ,,iv ,,john ,,qu9cy ,,adams ,,w>d ,no "o is z disda9ful ( ! e>ly ,victorians z ! late ,victorians us$ to be4 ,9 ! /r5g? ( ! 'eighties & 'n9eties our /udios (t5 res\nd$ ) mutt]+s aga9/ ! feebl5ess ( ! 'fifties4 ,p]haps "s envy ( c]ta9 primitive successes 0 m+l$ ) ?is righte\s wra?4 ,b aft] all1 our ,p[]ses & ,rog]ses 7 n 9 ! lea/ ! m]e e>ly worms _! successors once said !y 74 ,a ju/] p]spective invites ! reflection t ,am]ican sculpture 9 its developm5t ne$$ ! influ5ce ( ! ,greek ,slave & h] ?\s& daught]s z x has ne$$ t ( ! ,rock ,creek figure1 ( ! ,l9coln ,memorial1 & ( ! fire-new "w beautifully pres5t$ by our y\nge/ gr\p ( sculptors4 ,^? m>ble %apes n[ dwell+ vaguely some:]e 9 ! d>k corridors ( relegation _h once a ?rill+ "p to play4 ,!y 7 our ideals1 to be se51 priz$ & possess$ 9 ! "n ( art4 ,s1 ! old songs ( blame h long be5 out ( date4 ,b !y did good s]vice 9 ! days :5 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams ,w>d1 a natural lead] ( m51 turn$ a h]oic back on ,europe z a place = ! ,am]ican arti/ to live 94 ,g !re to /udy1 b n to /ay1 0 8 ^w4 ,vision1 v]acity1 virility are ! ?ree ,v's t /amp$ 8 life & "w4 ,l 8 fri5d ,h[ells1 he 0 ,ohio-born2 bo? m5 _h boyhood aspirations t c>ri$ !m away f _! ,middle-,bord] pione] activities into ! m g5ial milieu to be f\nd among our ,ea/]n salt-wat] cities4 ,liv+ f #ahcj to #aiaj1 & work+ sixty ye>s 9 8 art1 ,w>d has rightly be5 call$ ! ,colossus t be/rides ! two sep>ate worlds ( our =m] & latt] p]iods 9 sculpture4 ,?\gh he f\nd$ no s*ool1 8 influ5ce has be5 f>-rea*+4 ,8 ,bee*] /atue1 flank$ by its two lyrical gr\ps1 8 ,g>field monum5t ) its att5dant epic gr\ps ( ,w> & ,peace1 8 noble eque/rian figure ( ,g5]al ,?omas are among a ho/ ( /]l+ works t prove him ! 8all r\nd0 sculptor4 ,9 8 y\?1 he play$ a well-kn[n & highly practical "p 9 ! mak+ ( ,br[n's eque/rian /atue ( ,wa%+ton1 "o ( ! be/-prais$ & wor/-plac$ monum5ts 9 ! city ( ,new ,york4 ,s9ce ! praise is des]v$1 ! plac+ discr$its u f> m ?an x does ! h]oic arti/s :o c>ri$ ! "w to completion4 ,all sculptors :o succe$ 9 _! eque/rian /atues are h]oic2 ev5 if !y are n h]oes :5 !y beg9 su* ent]prises !y a*ieve h]oism be=e !y f9i% !m4 ,& if t is true to-day1 ) our m highly organiz$ me?ods bo? ( ! sculptor's art & ( ! bronze-f\nd]'s sci5ce1 :at mu/ x h be5 9 #ahef1 :5 ,br[n's ,wa%+ton1 our second eque/rian /atue1 fir/ saw ! light8 ,9 lat] life1 ,w>d sometimes spoke 9 :imsical recollection ( indu/ri\s appr5tice days t he1 a lucki] type ( ,jonah1 sp5t )9 ! belly ( ! horse ca/ 9 bronze by ,fr5* workm5 assi/+ ,br[n4 ,w>d _h 9 8 nature & 9 8 art ! great elem5ts ( ! precursor4 ,he repres5ts n only ! pione] 9 ,am]ican sculpture1 b 9 no small measure & sometimes 9 a s+ul> way1 ! prophet4 ,witness ! dog ) scallop$ mane 9 8 admirable gr\p ( ! ,indian ,hunt]1 a "w t mu* impress$ ! y\?ful ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 fre% f ye>s ( /udy among ,european ma/]s & ma/]pieces4 ,"h we h a =e-ta/e ( t delightful treatm5t ( animal =m f\nd 9 ! bronzes ( ! "y m5 f ! ,am]ican ,academy 9 ,rome4 ,to be sure1 ,w>d's dog does n seem to spr+ =w>d full-arm$ 9 a beautifully conv5tionaliz$ l9e> panoply ( bone & muscle resurrect$ f "s newly reveal$ ,klazom5ian s>cophagus2 he is n q s ,cretanly curl$ z "s ( ! appeal+ animal figures ( to-day1 b 'tis en\gh1 't w s]ve4 ,& ! :ole gr\p1 z se5 happily plac$ 9 ,c5tral ,p>k1 reveals ! naturalism 9 :i* ,w>d envelops 8 own peculi> k9d ( classicism4 ,= a nobl] in/ance ( ,w>d's =w>d-look+ quality1 *oose ! bronze ,wa%+ton /&+ on ! /eps ( ! ,sub-,treasury 9 ,new ,york1 9 ! v he>t ( all our he>t-break+ yet inspir+ f9ancial traffic4 ,t /atue is n m]ely a portrait ( ,wa%+ton1 b a symbolic expression ( e>ly ,am]ican greatness 9 lead]%ip4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/atue ,,( ,,wa%+ton ,,by ,,john ,,qu9cy ,,adams ,,w>d ,a comp>ison betwe5 ! ,w>d ,wa%+ton & ! ,h\don ,wa%+ton is p]mitt$ "h2 ,h\don's position z a comm&+ figure among ! sculptors ( all "t is too securely bas$ on 8 incomp>able bu/s & on 8 ,voltaire at ! ,comdie-,franaise to be 9 ! lea/ di/urb$ by any ( our obs]vations4 ,rememb]+ t ,w>d's task 0 naturally less difficult ?an ,h\don's1 we %all d no inju/ice to our e>lie/ =eign ma/] 9 sculpture :5 we rem>k t ,w>d's ,wa%+ton1 r ?an ,h\don's1 be>s away ! palm = ! l>g] monum5tal qualities ( design4 ,! great ,fr5*man's "w is cumb]$ f ! wai/ d[n ) naturali/ic emblems f field & =um4 ,nei!r pl\gh%>e nor fasces nor cane nor sword nor cloak are omitt$4 ,_! insi/5ce is ( c\rse r$eem$ 9 g5]al by ,h\don's g5]al ma/]y1 & 9 p>ticul> by 8 p>ticul> pr[ess 9 r5d]+ ! head2 x is ,h\don's glory t 9 "s inexplicable way 8 h& makes e face x t\*es come alive4 ,w>d's /atue1 appe>+ almo/ a c5tury lat]1 owes some?+ to ,h\don2 e portrait /atue ( ,wa%+ton1 if wor? mu*1 w owe some?+ to ,h\don4 ,b :at we w\ld especially note is1 t 9 ?is virile pres5tm5t ( ,wa%+ton1 ,w>d has *os5 ! bett] "p ( bo? realism & classicism2 ,! "w has some?+ ( ! s]5ity ( syn!sis & elim9ation ( detail t we love 9 ! ,p>!non ma/]pieces1 yet x has en\gh ( mod]n individualism & mod]n insi/5ce ^u expression & emotion to satisfy ! long+s ( ! ev]yday ,am]ican spectator4 ,our ref]5ce to ! sup]-symbolism 9 ,h\don's ,wa%+ton 7a flaw p>tly expla9$1 x may be1 by ! inexorable dem&s ( our =efa!rs z well z ( practical m>ble-cutt+7 leads u to ! obs]vation t to-day1 tak5 by & l>ge1 ,fr5* monum5tal art suff]s enorm\sly f emblematic excresc5ces4 ,:at scales ( ju/ice & ( m]maids1 :at p9ions ( angels & eagles & doves1 :at g>l&s & g>t]s & gait]s1 :at palettes & portfolios1 :at se9es & scrolls & ,t-squ>es h be5 ga!r$ toge!r 9 ! ,fr5* m>ketplaces z c&idates = immortality6 ,& :at complication ( silh\ette1 :at lack ( mass+ 9 light & %ade1 h result$ !reby6 ,?is p>adox ( ! ov]-expla9$ wrongs ! cle> ,fr5* m9d1 ! intuitive ,fr5* eye4 ,h[ is x 9 our own c\ntry8 ,b ,i /udi\sly avoid brea?+ any ^w "h ( any lesson = our own sculptors4 ,x is en\gh to po9t out t a heal?y1 if high-/rung1 revolt aga9/ all ?is easy (fh& grab-bag naturali/ic symbolism w n only br+ 9 its tra9 ! sculpture ( s]i\s prote/2 x w also pick up on its fr+es pl5ty ( ^? tongue-9-*eek specim5s ( s-call$ sculpture famili> 9 our c5tury4 ,f ,rod9's c&le-lit & blanket$ ,balzac ( ! previ\s g5]ation d[n to ! late/ ,gre5wi* ,village absurdity1 9 :i* human portraiture once m a*ieves its apo!osis on ! surface ( an egg1 su* revolt is visible4 ,x is ( c\rse a revolt aga9/ _m ?+s besides an ov]done symbolism2 b ! symbolism may well s]ve z a symbol = ! re/4 ,all honor !n to ! au/]ity ( ,w>d's ,wa%+ton4 ,z ,w>d 9 8 y\? work$ = an old] man1 s he himself 9 8 lat] ye>s _h ! good =tune to meet ! new] ideals 9 8 art ?r\gh collaboration ) y\ng] sculptors4 ,mr4 ,b>tlett's sympa!tic assi/ance is app>5t 9 ! ,/ock ,ex*ange p$im5t1 & 9 ! eque/rian /atue ( ,g5]al ,hancock1 = ,fairm\nt ,p>k4 ,?is la/ 0 ! "w t engag$ ,w>d's ?\ght to ! v day ( 8 dea?4 ,b n[h]e %all we /udy ,w>d bett] ?an 9 ! /atue ( ,wa%+ton4 ,"h we see ?is sculptor z he himself w\ld wi% to be se52 a sculptor ( mank9d at its mo/ h]oic1 = mank9d at its daily av]age4 8,our "w10 he (t5 said1 8mu/ t\* ! ord9>y human he>t40 ,8 rugg$1 /raight=w>d g5ius 0 n suit$ = reveal+ ! m exquisite aspects ( beauty1 ! m :imsical secrets ( ! s\l4 ,nev] fe>2 lat] sculptors1 bo? m5 & wom51 w fully att5d to ^? ?+s4 ,9 ! words ( ,w>d's hi/oric obs]vation to ! ,f>ragut /atue committee1 8,give ! y\ng] man ! *ance60 ,v ,,augu/us ,,sa9t-,,gaud5s ,born eighte5 ye>s aft] ,w>d1 & dy+ :ile ,w>d /ill _h ?ree ye>s ( /r5u\s "w be=e him1 ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s lives 9 our annals z ! mo/ illu/ri\s figure 9 ,am]ican art4 ,bo? ! ,old ,_w & ! ,new see x s4 ,br\ght to ?is c\ntry at ! age ( six mon?s1 ! ,dubl9-born *ild ( a ,fr5* fa!r & an ,iri% "m1 he soon became m ,am]ican ?an ! ,am]icans !mselves4 ,we see him fir/ z ! typical ,new ,york sidewalk boy1 le>n+ n mu* 9 s*ool1 b f> m f eag] contacts 9 ! city boy's _w ( home1 p>5ts1 /reets1 policem51 processions2 ! atmosph]e ( ! ,civil ,w> /irs 8 "y blood1 & w long aft]w>d quick5 8 sculpture ( our ,civil ,w> h]oes4 ,at f\rte5 he is by day a cameo-cutt]'s appr5tice1 by night a rapt /ud5t ( draw+ at ,coop] ,in/itute4 ,at n9ete51 ) a hundr$ doll>s & 8 fa!r's bless+1 he sails abroad = 8 fir/ ?ree ye>s ( =eign /udy & travel2 9 ,p>is & ,rome he le>ns & e>ns2 he has a /\t he>t1 a lean purse1 & an undy+ passion = 8 art4 ,8 return to ,new ,york ) a few small commissions pick$ up1 z ! cu/om !n 01 f ,am]ican travell]s soj\rn+ 9 ,rome2 8 second /ay abroad2 8 e>ly /ruggles to obta9 a foot+2 8 m>riage & subsequ5t ?ree ye>s 9 ,p>is :ile creat+ ! ,f>ragut2 8 ard5t fri5d%ip ) ,/an=d ,:ite1 ,john ,la ,f>ge1 & o!r /rong p]sonalities ( ! day2--surely all ?is seems q ! usual /ory4 ,b ,sa9t-,gaud5s _h always 8 own inn]mo/ unusualness t someh[ plac$ him above 8 fell[s2 & ! victori\s completion ( ! ,f>ragut 9 #ahha 0 b ! fir/ ( a long l9e ( signal triumphs4 ,& ev5 8 almo/ =gott5 triumphs 7= example1 ! great improvem5t 9 our co9age initiat$ by 8 endeavor7 are signal triumphs4 ,!re 0 no bran* ( 8 art 9 :i* he did n excel2 x 0 an art design$ 9 g5]al = ! fl[+ness ( bronze r ?an = reproduction )9 ! conf9es ( ! m>ble block4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/atue ,,( ,,admiral ,,f>ragut ,,by ,,augu/us ,,sa9t-,,gaud5s ,too (t5 v]satility connotes a sup]ficiality ( m9d1 an easily satisfi$ outlook4 ,n s ) ,sa9t-,gaud5s4 ,he 0 if any?+ ov]-critical ( 8 "w2 = in/ance1 he nev] =got t ! sn>e ( ! picturesque 0 9 8 pa?1 z x is 9 ! pa? ( e sculptor try+ to infuse a g5ial human w>m? into ! sculptural ord]4 ,8 k 9 ! less] art ( cameo-cutt+1 a k :i* 9 "s sculptors w\ld h be5 swept aside z detrim5tal to a spaci\s /yle1 help$ r ?an h9d]$ him 9 8 advance t[>d 8 ultimate ma/]y ov] relief ( all k9ds1--! co91 ! intimate portrait m$allion1 ! h]oic monum5tal relief4 ,he may be truly said to h inv5t$ t *>m+ =m ( bas-relief lik5ess %[n 9 ! portraits ( ! ,s*iff *ildr51 ! ,butl] *ildr51 ,ba/i5-,lepage1 ,violet ,s>g5t1 & _m o!rs4 ,no?+ q l ^! works _h ev] be=e be5 produc$1 ei!r 9 ! ,fr5* m$ali/s' f]tile art ( ! n9ete5? c5tury or 9 t /ill ri*] p]iod ( ! ,italian ,r5aissance m$al1 h]ald$ by ,pisano4 ,& yet1 s9ce little 9 ! field ( art is utt]ly orig9al1 we are rem9d$ "h ( t old say+ ab\t ! p[] ( ! man meet+ ! p[] ( ! mom5t4 ,9 beautiful angel-figures su* z ! ,amor-,c>itas 9 high relief1 ,sa9t-,gaud5s realiz$ & express$ ! spiritual mean+s ( o!r arti/s ( 8 "t1 bo? sculptors & pa9t]s2 ?is we see :5 we /udy ,fr5*'s noble ,angel ( ,dea?1 & ! ,burne-,jones figures on _! gold5 /air4 ,critics are divid$1 n z to ! greatness ( ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 b z to ! "w :i* be/ /ores up )9 itself ! true elem5ts ( 8 greatness4 ,^? :o h se5 te>s />t f ! eyelids ( gray vet]ans /&+ be=e ! ,%aw ,memorial w p]haps say ! ,%aw1 :ile ^? :o p]ceive ) delight all t ! sculptor has atta9$ 9 ! ,%]man eque/rian gr\p1 ) its ?rill+ h>mony ( spiritual & reali/ic pres5tation1 w p]haps say ! ,%]man4 ,london]s & ,*icagoans w re/ cont5t 9 _! great possession ( ! /&+ ,l9coln4 ,o!rs aga9 w f9d _! true/ vision ( ?is arti/'s p[] 9 ! enfold$ my/]y ( ! ,rock ,creek figure1 sometimes call$ ,nirvana1 b bett] nam$ ! ,peace ( ,god4 ,& if 7z ,i ?9k7 ?is is inde$ 8 consummate1 8 culm9at+ "w1 h[ /range t x is1 9 a s5se1 a some:at unexpect$1 un*>act]i/ic "w6 ,9 its pr(\nd o!r-worldl9ess1 x seems z )drawn f ! ,%]man & ! ,puritan & ! ,f>ragut z f ^? happy portrait-reliefs ( liv+ be+s 9 _! lovel9ess or /r5g?4 ,h[ (t5 arti/s h mus$ on ! beauty ( ! head ( ?is figure6 ,e trace ( arti/ic kn[+ness is elim9at$ "h2 no?+ s va9 & petty z any sugge/ion ( accompli%$ te*nique intrudes4 ,! behold]'s att5tion is direct$ solely t[>d :atev] inn] mean+ he f9ds 9 ^? %ad[$ l9eam5ts4 ,sa9t-,gaud5s _h ! p[] ( attract+ to 8 s]vice "y m5 & wom5 ( true arti/ic ability4 ,mac,monnies1 ,flanagan1 ,fras]1 ,we9man1 ,m>t9y1 ,proctor1 ,h]+1 ,miss ,grimes1 ,miss ,w>d1--all ( ^! h won di/9ction 9 _! own p]sonal "w 9 sculpture2 "s among !m are n[ pa/ ma/]s4 ,b a high] p[] ?an t ( w9n+ ! en?usia/ic loyalty ( y\? belong$ to ,sa9t-,gaud5s4 ,he _h also ! gift ( draw+ f ea* work] some?+ f9] & m preci\s ?an any?+ t ?is work] _h ev] be=e possess$4 ,he compell$ 8 assi/ants to build bett] ?an !y knew4 ,x is "p ( ?is sculptor's glory t no "o c ev] mi/ake ! subsequ5t "w ( 8 8arriv$0 pupils1 ev5 ! mo/ fam\s ( ^!1 = ! "w ( ,sa9t-,gaud5s4 ,9 anonym\s s]vice to him1 !y be/ p]fect$ !mselves z individual arti/s4 ,h[ ,i wi% ,i might make myself cle> :5 t\*+ ?is vex$ subject ( appr5tice%ip6 ,! romantic "p ( ! _w dwell+ f> f ! realities ( /udio life loves to picture a pa!tic situation ( gift$ y\? sil5tly wa/+ its g5ius 9 sav+ ! day = ! commonplace p]=mances ( a middle-ag$ employ]4 ,b ?is poetic view squ>es ) c9ema ideals r ?an ) ! facts4 ,at a rec5t exhibition ( weird works by ! immature "y sculptor ,x1 7su* %[s at times add to ! gayety ( ,new ,york7 ,i he>d an ard5t lady wor%ipp] ( some?+ %e call$ 8! new _s ( expressionism10 d5\nce ! gre$ & vanity ( ! middle-ag$ sculptor ,y1 basely employ+ ! bright unrecogniz$ w+s ( ,x1 to give fire & movem5t to ! p$e/rian ,y inv5tions4 ,ah1 if t lady only knew ! tru? ab\t ,x & ,y6 ,b x 0 clos+-"t1 & ,i made no attempt to tell h] ! tru?2 x w\ld h seem$ r gray & commonplace comp>$ ) h] own glamor\s mov+-picturization ( /udio life4 ,all h] ?\ght 0 ( h]oism & oppression1 n ( "w & wages4 ,yet ,i might at lea/ h giv5 h] ?is "o helpful fact2 t almo/ )\t exception1 ! successful sculptors ( to-day look back ) gratitude t[>d ! multitud9\s activities ( _! "y appr5tice%ips2 sometimes !y ev5 feel a secret amazem5t t _! =m] ma/]s %\ld h put up ) !m s long4 ,,vi ,,daniel ,,*e/] ,,fr5* ,la/ summ]1 revisit+ ,concord aft] _m ye>s1 ,i cross$ 8! rude bridge t ar*$ ! flood10 & f\nd ,mr4 ,fr5*'s ,m9ute ,man1 embattl$ /ill1 ?\gh emb[]$ 9 quietness1 & made safe f ! rud] motor traffic ( ! day4 ,x seem$ incr$ible t a y\? ( tw5ty-?ree1 ) no models except ! ,apollo ,belvid]e & himself1 & ) no in/ruction beyond t d]iv$ f a mon? 9 ,w>d's /udio & f ,dr4 ,rimm]'s anatomy lectures1 c\ld h produc$ a /atue s compet5t & s sculptural z ?is4 ,!n ,i rememb]$ t 9 #aiai ! mo/ pr\dly acclaim$ "w ( ,am]ican art = ! ye> 0 ,mr4 ,fr5*'s m>ble figure ( ,memory2 & x 0 int]e/+ to note t ! ,m9ute ,man1 h[ev] imm$iately conv9c+ 9 g5]al appeal1 appe>$ 9 a s5se z ! "w ( an arti/ old] ?an ! sculptor ( ! ,memory4 ,= ! ,m9ute ,man has "h & !re a lean gravity ( model+ t we rightly or wrongly associate ) pass+ maturity1 :ile ! =ms ( ! ,memory are ri* & comm&+1 yet envelop$ ) t s]5ity = :i* we h no bett] ^w ?an classic4 ,& :at is ! true mean+ ( classic1 except z x describes t :i* is fre% & vivid to-day1 yet has ! und]ly+ =ce ( p]man5ce1 ! v tide ( immortality fl[+ 9 its ve9s8 ,_m ( our arti/s acquire ! classic _s1 _m h x ?ru/ ^u !m1 "s reject x utt]ly4 ,b ,mr4 ,fr5* is ! classic _s p]sonifi$ among u2 born s1 n made s2 & :at he creates is illum9$ by 8 und]/&+ ( ! dignity ( ! human s\l1 & by 8 belief t beauty & tru? are acceptable to ! human m9d4 ,?is graci\s seat$ figure ( ,memory1 gaz+ calmly into ! glass t reflects1 n h] own p]son b ! %apes ( ! pa/1 is admirably compos$ f e po9t ( view & )9 ! natural limits ( ! m>ble4 ,a critic has writt5 ( x z 8%[+ at its be/ ,mr4 ,fr5*'s idealism1 & be+ at ! same "t a ma/]ly /udy ( ! nude1 true to ! nobl] =ms ( nature1 yet ) a skillful avoidance ( :at is commonly kn[n z realism40 ,t phrase 8true to ! nobl] =ms ( nature0 well describes ?is sculptor's great ideal figures4 ,mr4 ,fr5* is to-day ! dean ( ,am]ican sculpture1 ! honor>y ,presid5t ( ! ,national ,sculpture ,society2 a pres5ce ) all ! graci\s au?ority conf]r$ by dean%ip1 & ) no?+ :atev] ( ! dry anci5try at times associat$ ) t honor4 ,!re is some?+ ( ! unexpect$ 9 ! c\rse ( e great arti/4 ,) ,w>d x is "o ?+1 ) ,sa9t-,gaud5s ano!r4 ,) ,daniel ,*e/] ,fr5*1 born 9 ,exet]1 ,new ,hamp%ire1 9 #ahej1 ! unexpect$ ?+ is t 9 8 art education he seems someh[ to h skipp$ ! sl[ ,preamble & ! volum9\s ,:]eas1 & to h rea*$ almo/ at a b\nd ! prec9cts ( ! ,resolv$4 ,concord has nev] lack$ favorite sons1 & "y ,daniel among ! lions ( t t[n ( 8 lat] boyhood felt only _! appreciation & enc\ragem5t4 ,b ) "o ye> 9 ,flor5ce1 sp5t l>gely "u ! g5ial influ5ce ( ,?omas ,ball1 sculptor ( ! fir/ eque/rian monum5t plac$ 9 ,new ,engl&1 8 s-call$ /udy-p]iod ends4 ,a p$im5t = ! ,/4 ,l\is ,cu/om ,h\se awaits him 9 #ahgg2 )9 ! next few ye>s he executes simil> ar*itectural sculpture = ,philadelphia & ,bo/on4 ,9 #ahgi he models f life 8 beautiful portrait bu/ ( ,em]son4 ,illu/ration3 ,,memory ,,by ,,daniel ,,*e/] ,,fr5* ,surely we _c say t 8 art education 0 f9i%$ be=e ^! ?+s 7 attempt$4 ,x progress$ ) !m1 & ) ^? o!r creations1 m ideali/ic 9 type1 9 :i* 8 imag9ation _h full] play4 ,:5 9 #ahhh he w5t to ,p>is to make ! model = 8 m>ble /atue ( ,g5]al ,cass ( ,mi*igan1 he w5t z a ma/]1 yet z a seek]2 "o well prep>$ to ga9 )\t grop+ all t 0 wor? :ile 9 ! influ5ce ( ! "t & place4 ,five ye>s lat]1 at ! ,columbian ,exposition1 8 g5ius makes an extraord9>y appeal to 8 fell[-c\ntrym5 9 two impos+ works1 ! ,republic & ! consol+ ,angel ( ,dea?4 ,^! ( c\rse diff] widely 9 _! inspiration & 9 ! emotion !y ar\se1 b !y are equally eloqu5t4 ,! ,gallaudet gr\p1 plac$ 9 ,wa%+ton 9 #ahhi1 _h already spok5 its message to ! human he>t4 ,an inn] radiance ( ! _s %9es f t v solidly & beautifully compos$ gr\p ( ! great tea*] & ! little deaf-mute2 n[h]e else 9 sculpture h we f\nd s adequate & t\*+ an expression ( ! fa!rl9ess t %\ld animate ^? :o tea*1 & ( ! tru/ ( ^? :o mu/ ne$s le>n or be lo/4 ,:o w\ld h guess$ t sculpture c\ld h f\nd out ?is way ( say+ ,fai?1 ,hope1 & ,*>ity8 ,& b5ea? all t captivates ! g5]al public1 h[ mu* !re is 9 ! ,angel1 ! ,republic1 & ! ,gallaudet t rema9s ( special int]e/ to arti/s1 because ( ! individual ma/]y ( a special problem6 ,9 collaboration ) ,mr4 ,pott]1 ! accompli%$ ma/] ( animal sculpture1 ,mr4 ,fr5* has creat$ "s ( our mo/ notable eque/rian /atues2 ! ,g5]al ,grant & ! ,g5]al ,meade = ,philadelphia1 ! ,g5]al ,wa%+ton1 pres5t$ to ,france by an association ( ,am]ican wom51 ! ,g5]al ,hook] = ,bo/on4 ,o!r works ( high import are ! maje/ic ,alma ,mat] at ,columbia ,univ]sity1 ! bronze doors 9 delicately %ad[$ relief = ! ,bo/on ,public ,libr>y1 ! colossal seat$ bronze figure ( ,l9coln en%r9$ )9 ! ,l9coln ,memorial at ,wa%+ton4 ,once aga9 let x be said1 a man's "w %[s 8 m9d4 ,:at ,mr4 ,fr5*'s art has giv5 to our c\ntry is some?+ greatly ne$$ "h to-day1 t quality :i* = lack ( a bett] "n we call urbanity4 ,!re ought to be a high] ^w = ?is gift1 b ,mat!w ,arnold _h to put up ) ! t]m1 & s mu/ ,i4 ,! h>ri$ dwell] 9 our ,am]ican urbs is (t5 f> f urbane1 m's ! pity4 ,b ! urbanity we ne$ n[1 9 our arts1 our lett]s1 our life1 is some?+ t goes deep] ?an c\rtesy2 x is some?+ t is alli$ to ! _s ( ,amor-,c>itas se5 n only 9 ! ,sa9t-,gaud5s angel ( t "n1 b also 9 ,mr4 ,fr5*'s ,alma ,mat]1 & 9 8 ,angel ( ,dea?4 ,ev5 9 ! ge/ure ( ! ,republic's arms1 & 9 ! v folds ( h] g>m5ts1 !re is a rem9d] ( t l>ge *>itable humani/ urbanity all nations ne$ :5 try+ to "k !mselves & ea* o!r4 ,mr4 ,fr5* is ! humani/ among our ,am]ican sculptors4 ,b he is empa?ically n ( t type ( humani/ d>kly describ$ by ,pr(essor ,kall5 z liv+ 8beside life1 n 9 x40 ,8 position among our sculptors is m ?an honor>y2 x is t ( ! g5]\s co-work] & help]1 especially sympa!tic t[>d y\? & its aspirations4 ,:at ,mr4 ,fr5* does seems ef=tless1 b b5ea? t app>5t ease is a pr(\nd k ( all ! armature1 bo? me*anical & intellectual1 t holds ! sculptor's art 9 true poise & balance4 ,"w f 8 h&s may be ! monum5tal or ! exquisite2 x is imag9$ simply & naturally1 z if ?is arti/ knew no o!r way ?an ! beautiful way4 ,h[ deeply our democracy ne$s ! be/ he has to give6 ,,vii ,our tw5tie? c5tury admits t ! latt] ye>s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury 7 spaci\s ye>s 9 our sculpture1 & t !re are z yet no lead]s :o ov]top ^! ?ree4 ,) ^! w always be associat$1 9 ! m9ds ( ^? :o "k ?+s z !y are1 t di/+ui%$ arti/ ,ol9 ,w>n]1 ^: dea? cut %ort a c>e] spl5didly ready = its z5i?4 ,= "s unkn[n reason1 8 "w has miss$ some?+ ( its due praise among u2 "t w p]haps readju/ ?is4 ,! delightful c>yatids ( 8 f\nta9 at ,portl&1 ,oregon1 are inde$ greatly priz$2 8 portrait /atues are truly sculptural 9 _! ensemble1 & f9e 9 _! *>act]ization2 & ) ! pass+ ( ye>s1 8 spirit$ yet beautifully classic portrait bu/s ( ,ald5 ,weir1 ( ,cotti]1 & ( ,maud ,morgan ga9 r ?an lose 9 ! e/eem ( ! /ud5t4 ,a mu* lat] lead]1 also lo/ be=e w9n+ ! heights to :i* he aspir$1 0 ,k>l ,bitt]1 t s5sitive1 swift-m9d$1 deft-h&$ sculptor ^: ard5t intellectual curiosity kept him /ill ! seek] = new] & m vital ways ( sculptural expression4 ,8 tragic dea? 0 n unlike ,w>n]'s2 ,w>n] 0 ?r[n f 8 bicycle 9 ,c5tral ,p>k1 ,bitt] 0 /ruck d[n by an automobile 9 front ( ! ,op]a ,h\se4 ,bo? m5 7 ( ^? tres d' lite t ,art ne$s z h] int]pret]s4 ,b :at a contra/ 9 _! lives1 _! *>act]s1 _! sculptural int]pretations6 ,w>n] 0 ( ! highe/ type ( ,new ,engl&] ( ,puritan desc5t1 a c\rage\s wor%ipp] ( beauty1 & at 8 be/ 9 reveal+ beauty 9 classic guise2 he has be5 call$ ! ,pilgrim homesick = ,hellas2 ,bitt] 0 ( ! highe/ type ( ! =eign-born1 a ,vi5nese eag]ly assum+ ! duties ( ,am]ican citiz5%ip4 ,a gallant figure1 already be=e 8 com+ among u he 0 imbu$ ) v>i\s ,old ,_w ideals 9 art1 _m ( :i* he aft]w>d reject$ z flamboyant1 frivol\s4 ,no sculptor ( our "t has made a swift] & /eadi] advance 9 sculptural p[] ?r\gh\t a busy & v>i$ c>e]4 ,w>n] & ,bitt]2 ! deep-m9d$ & ! quick-m9d$2 ! _s ( ,am]ican sculpture ne$$ bo? ^! m51 & felt _! loss4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,( ,,expositions ,,& ,,collaborations ,i ,an unpubli%$ satiric draw+ ( ! 'eighties %[s a family ( ,am]ican t\ri/s 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,!y contemplate ! ,melian ,v5us4 ,) "o exception1 !y are dumb ) awe4 ,! exception is ,aunt ,m>ia1 ! ma/]ful old lady 9 ! =egr\nd4 ,aunt ,m>ia has se5 m5 & cities1 b %e doesn't "k z !re's mu* t c beat ,s\? ,b5d4 ,s 8,aunt ,m>ia gazes ) di/ru/ ,^u ! goddess 9 h] bloom p]5nial4 #8,talk ab\t art1--y %\ld h se5 ! bu/1 ,! butt] bu/ we _h at our ,c5t5nial4'0 ,! ,sleep+ ,iolan! 9 butt]6 ,9 #ahgf1 h] "n melt$ 9 ! ,am]ican m\?4 ,?\gh b>r$ f ! ,f9e ,arts section1 %e 0 believ$ by _m to express ! _s ( ,am]ican art4 ,%am$ by h] popul>ity1 c]ta9 s5sitive ,am]ican arti/s did n q recov] a jubilant tone until1 long ye>s aft]w>d1 a full-siz$ ,melian ,v5us 9 *ocolate contribut$ to ! gayety ( ! greate/ ( ,fr5* expositions4 ,aft] t1 ! butt] bu/ incid5t weigh$ less heavily on ?\ghtful m9ds4 ,j be=e our ,c5t5nial exposition1 ! s*ol>ly ,john ,fiske1 admitt+ t 8! classical picture & ! undrap$ /atue0 h 8a high place 9 our e/eem10 ruefully adds t 8x w probably be "s "t be=e g5u9e art ceases to be an exotic among u1 & becomes a plant ( unh9d]$ native gr[?40 ,! ,c5t5nial %[$ u ! tru? ( j t4 ,! ,c5t5nial 0 a glory1 & a pr(\nd di/urbance4 ,to our sculpture1 ?is di/urbance 0 its great ga94 ,= ! fir/ "t1 ! ,am]ican sculptor saw 8 "w side by side ) t ( ,europeans4 ,he 0 dismay$4 ,he _h _h 8 d\bts1 8 =ebod+s4 ,he n[ p]ceiv$ = a c]ta9ty t 9 spite ( half a c5tury sp5t 9 ! pursuit ( all ! be/ t ,italian pseudo-classicism c\ld (f]1 our appr5tice days 9 sculpture1 f> f be+ well ov]1 7 sc>cely begun4 ,p]haps a fre% />t 0 ne$$4 ,at a "t :5 ,muni*1 z well z ,p>is1 0 call+ to ! "y pa9t]1 ,p>is1 r ?an ,rome or ,flor5ce1 beckon$ to ! sculptor4 ,new =ces 7 abroad 9 art1 & ,am]ican sculpture ( ! next g5]ation pr(it$ eag]ly f ! vigor\s new ,fr5* s*ool4 ,,ii ,! lesson taught by ! ,columbian exposition ( #ahic 0 j z important z t le>n$ f ! ,c5t5nial1 ?\gh f> less sob]+4 ,a holiday _s1 n )\t dignity1 spoke f ^? pleasure-domes & lagoons & ab\nd+ sculptural =ms ( ! ,:ite ,city4 ,! progress made by our art dur+ sev5te5 ye>s pack$ ) arti/ic adv5ture & endeavor 0 bl[n abroad 9 triumph4 ,on ! :ole1 we 7 ju/ifi$ 9 our joy4 ,z ! ,c5t5nial by its dismay+ jolt _h enl>g$ ! outlook ( our arti/s1 s ! ,columbian1 by its v>i$ h>monies1 lib]at$ ! imag9ation ( ! public1 ( ! art-lov]4 ,to a m>k$ ext5t1 x creat$ anew ! art-lov]1 a p]sonage already made possible by ! prosp]ity foll[+ ! conclusion ( ! ,civil ,w>4 ,9 ! ,_w's ,fair ( #ahic1 ! app>5tly inexhau/ible advantages ( a sympa!tic collaboration betwe5 ar*itect1 pa9t]1 sculptor1 & l&scape ar*itect 7 = ! fir/ "t sket*$ out l>ge = ! ,am]ican vision4 ,our _m succe$+ expositions h ( c\rse emphasiz$ & amplifi$ ! sugge/ions s gallantly giv5 & s eag]ly not$ 9 #ahic4 ,n t our :ole broad l& is to-day ! dwell+-place ( beauty4 ,f> f x4 ,great rea*es ( "t & great /riv+s ( ! _s mu/ mat* our great /ret*es ( space be=e art is ev]y:]e at home "h4 ,& collaboration at its be/ is jo9tly & sev]ally a /riv+ ( ! _s4 ,9 #ahbe1 :5 ,*>les ,bulf9*1 !n ar*itect ( ! ,capitol1 receives an inquiry 8respect+ ! ornam5ts want$ = ! p$im5t ( ! ,capitol10 & writes 9 answ] t 8! object ( adv]tis+ 0 to obta9 designs 9 v>i\s /yles1 f :i* to select "o10 an ard5t collaboration betwe5 sculptor & ar*itect 0 cle>ly n ! ord] ( ! day4 ,! h>d fate ( ,gre5\gh's ,olympian ,wa%+ton1 dragg$ 9 #ahdc f inn] %r9e to outdoor plat=m1 %[s t 9 almo/ tw5ty ye>s conditions _h n *ang$4 ,= a long "t aft] t1 a "w ( sculpture 0 seldom consid]$1 dur+ its creation1 ) special ref]5ce to its de/9$ surr\nd+s4 ,arti/ & public satisfi$ !mselves ) ! bl& half-tru? t a good ?+ looks well any:]e4 ,!re 7 ( c\rse vague ge/ures ( collaboration :5 ! fir/ /atues 7 plac$ 9 ,c5tral ,p>k2 & 9 ! good fell[%ip exi/+ betwe5 /ud5ts ( ! diff]5t arts 9 ! few s*ools we _h "h z well z 9 ! =eign s*ools !re 0 a basis = lat] h>moni\s co-op]ation4 ,b ! ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,f>ragut1 unveil$ 9 #ahha1 & %[+ 9 detail & ensemble ! results ( an extraord9>ily happy & sympa!tic collaboration1 r\s$ ! m9ds ( all arti/s4 ,& twelve ye>s aft]w>d1 ! intellig5t public 0 fully ready to appreciate ! happy collaborations x saw on e h& at ! ,fair4 ,,iii ,expositions br+ 9 _! tra9 c]ta9 evils4 ,is sup]ficiality "o ( ^!8 ,9 !ory1 sculptural "w = exposition build+s & approa*es & vi/as mu/ (t5 /ress too mu* ! gala-day aspect ( life2 x mu/ s\nd ! hurrah at any co/2 ! note is gayety & triumph2 let no o!r *ord intrude4 ,s mu* = !ory4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 ! mak+ ( r$-lett]-day sculpture injures only ^? sculptors :o are already too mu* enam\r$ ( ! 8faade & fro?0 side ( human a*ievem5t4 ,no?+ c\ld be m s]i\s 9 matt] or 9 mann] ?an 0 ,mr4 ,fr5*'s /ately ,republic1 a dom9ant note ( ! plan ( ! ,columbian ,exposition4 ,& no "w 0 m ?or\ghly appreciat$4 ,"s ( ! v gaye/ ( our exposition sculptures owe _! vitality to ! v s]i\s /udies & ! v solid ma/]y ( ! arti/s :o h produc$ !m4 ,!re 0 wide-spread regret because ! ,mac,monnies ,f\nta91 t ?+ ( joy = ! exposition ( #ahic1 c\ld n spr9kle its dews p]man5tly = our refre%m5t4 ,& 9 our lat] expositions1 !re h always be5 tempor>y works a*iev$ ) bravura by ! arti/1 enjoy$ )\t res]vation by ! public1 & 7(t5 ) a real sadness ( f>ewell7 consign$ to oblivion by ! p[]s4 ,! /ory ( ! ,fair ( #ahic1 ! exempl>1 "o might say1 = subsequ5t celebrations1 has be5 exce$+ly well told by ,mr4 ,*>les ,moore1 9 8 rec5tly publi%$ ,life ( ,daniel ,burnham4 ,n[h]e else w "o f9d s true & inspir+ a picture ( our ,am]ican ar*itects1 pa9t]s1 sculptors1 & l&scape g>d5]s work+ toge!r 9 exalt$ collaboration4 ,^? m5 set a great /&>d & a great /ride = arti/s ( ! pres5t c5tury4 ,to quote f ,mr4 ,moore's book a p>agraph conc]n+ ! sculptors3 8,m>%all$ by ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 ! sculptors = ! fir/ "t 9 ,am]ica took _! rightful place 9 co-op]ation ) ! ar*itects4 ,& :at a troop !y 74 ,!re 0 ,daniel ,fr5*1 embody+ ! _s ( p]man5ce & cle>-sight$ness 9 ! s]5e figure ( ! ,republic t graci\sly presid$ ov] ! ,c\rt ( ,honor2 & aga91 9 conjunction ) ,edw>d ,pott]1 manife/+ su/a9$ ability 9 ! quadriga surm\nt+ ! ,p]i/yle2 ,fr$]ick ,mac,monnies1 giv+ v5t to ! exub]ance ( ,am]ica 9 ! joy\s f\nta9 t l5t gayety to ! great c5tral motive ( ! ,fair2 ,ol9 ,w>n]1 ^: e>ly dea? lo/ to ! c\ntry an arti/ on ! way to ! heights2 ,paul ,b>tlett1 !n a promise :i* opportunity has fulfill$2 ,edw9 ,kemeys1 ) 8 animal sculpture t came to attract all ! money ,!odore ,roosevelt c\ld sp>e = art2 & ,l\is ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 want+ only ! intellectual elem5t to put him 9 ! same class ) 8 bro!r2 & ,k>l ,bitt]1 capable & consci5ti\s1 ^: accid5tal dea? br\ght grief to a ho/ ( admir]s2 & ,lorado ,taft1 :o has put ! e!real1 haunt+ _s ( ! ,great ,lakes into 8 ,*icago f\nta92 ,l>k9 ,mead1 sculptor ( ! old s*ool2 ,phimi/] ,proctor1 lov] ( ,am]ican animals2 besides ,bela ,pratt1 ,rohl-,smi?1 ,bu%-,br[n1 ,ride\t1 ,boyle1 ,waag51 ,bau]1 ,m>t9y1 ,bl5k5%ip1 & ! satisfactory ,p>tridge40 ,lat] ,fairs h b exemplifi$ :at 0 well sugge/$ by ! ,:ite ,city4 ,! ,exposition at ,san ,francisco1 mo/ rec5t ( all1 & tak+ place 9 bright evanesc5ce :ile ,europe 0 already 9 ! bitt] ?roes ( ! ,_w ,w>1 br\ght =w>d1 "u ! vigor\s direction ( ,mr4 ,cald]1 sculptor ( ! ,pione] ,"m & ( ! ,triumph ( ,en]gy1 mu* t 0 /imulat+ & fre% 9 our sculpture1 ev5 ?\gh none ( ^! ,am]ican exhibits labell$ !mselves z ,dynamic ,decompositions1 & few attempt$ ! e>ne/ sort ( mod]nism f\nd 9 ,fr5* works su* z ,b]n>d's ,maid5 ) ,wat] ,j>4 ,! f\nta9 9 p>ticul> 0 delightfully r5ew$ 9 ,mr4 ,aitk5's ,f\nta9 ( ! ,e>?1 ,mrs4 ,burr\ghs's ,f\nta9 ( ,y\?1 ,mr4 ,taft's ,fragm5t f ! ,f\nta9 ( ,"t1 ,mrs4 ,:itney's ,f\nta9 ) ,pri/9e ,motives f ,aztec ,civilization1 ,mr4 ,putnam's ,f\nta9 ) ,m]maids1 & ,miss ,longman's ,f\nta9 ( ,c]es4 ,individual pieces su* z ,william ,s]geant ,k5dall's half-l5g? portrait ( a peasant girl1 c>v$ 9 wood & reali/ically color$1 attract$ att5tion = successful orig9ality4 ,,iv ,by & l>ge1 our expositions h done ?ree good ?+s = sculpture4 ,!y h manag$ to dislodge1 ev5 f ! mo/ pa9/ak+ ( work]s1 a fe>less imm$iacy ( expression 9 _! art4 ,!y h introduc$ to ! public1 9 a l>ge way on ! t]race & 9 an intimate way )9 ! gall]y1 ! mo/ int]e/+ sculptors ( ! "t4 ,above all1 !y h fo/]$ & amaz+ly develop$ ! give-&-take ( collaboration 9 ! arts4 ,?is la/ is _! be/ gift to ! _s ( ,am]ican sculpture2 x is ! gift ( ! broad] m9d4 ,our ,am]ican ,academy 9 ,rome1 ) its /irr+ leg5d1 8,n m]ely fell[%ips1 b fell[%ip10 is ! direct outcome ( ! ,_w's ,fair ( #ahic4 ,burnham1 ,mc,kim1 ,mead1 ,la ,f>ge1 ,millet1 ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 & o!r arti/s :o by collaboration made t ,fair a ?+ ( beauty resolv$ !n & !re t y\ng] m5 %\ld h su* advantages z ^! t !y !mselves _h ga9$ by work+ toge!r4 ,?r\gh _! ef=ts1 ! project took %ape4 ,?\gh a ,national in/itution1 our ,am]ican ,academy 9 ,rome is end[$ & ma9ta9$ by private citiz5s4 ,its b5efici>ies are "y sculptors1 pa9t]s1 ar*itects1 classical s*ol>s1 l&scape ar*itects1 & musicians :o h already %[n !mselves signally fitt$ = _! *os5 "w1 & :o1 = ! sake ( our c\ntry's art1 ought to h ! b5efit ( ! ?ree ye>s ( int5sive & int]-relat$ /udy 9 ,rome4 ,to-day1 our ,academy 9 ,rome is reg>d$ z ! mo/ important mod]n influ5ce 9 ,am]ican sculpture4 8,my reason = ?9k+ x admirable10 writes ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 8is my belief t ! /r5u\s competition requir$ to ga9 access to ! ,villa ,m$ici1 z well z ! ?ree ye>s ( /udy 9 t wond]ful spot1 t5d to a m e>ne/ & ?or\gh tra9+ ?an c\ld else:]e be ga9$ "u ! pres5t conditions ( life 9 our times40 ,,*apt] ,v ,,! ,,/atue ,,& ,,! ,,bu/ ,,& ,,! ,,ideal ,,figure ,i ,z orig9ally plann$1 ! title ( ! foll[+ *apt] 0 ,! ,/atue & ! ,bu/1 & ! ,w>t ,well ,lo/4 ,= ,i h (t5 felt 7& :o has n87 t ! ,cromwellian =?righte\sness 9 ! matt] ( t w>t has be5 ov]-e/imat$4 ,h[ev]1 on second ?\ght1 x w\ld seem wis] to sugge/ ! possibility ( occasional ideal pres5tation r ?an to decry ! virtues ( exact realism 9 commemorative portraiture4 ,h5ce ! m dignifi$ head+ se5 above4 ,& h[ does t old case ( idealism vs4 realism /& at pres5t 9 ! field ( ! portrait /atue8 ,be=e answ]+ ?is "q1 let u consid] = a mom5t ! mod]n sculptor's prep>ation = 8 life-"w4 ,foll[+ h>d ^u ! ?ree lead]s :o rema9 c5tral figures 9 our hundr$ ye>s ( sculpture came ! outrid]s ( t l>ge & ev] increas+ gr\p ^: creative g5ius1 fo/]$ by ! tra9+ en?usia/ically receiv$ 9 ! ,fr5* s*ool1 n[ /&s f\r-squ>e among u4 ,! m5 & wom5 ( ?is gr\p are ! pres5t-day nucleus ( sculptural activity "h4 ,mo/ ( !m keep a firm foot+ 9 two c5turies2 !y /ill pr(it by ! light ( ! lat] n9ete5? c5tury ,fr5* ma/]s1 & !y !mselves pass on _! own cle> new light to tw5tie? c5tury le>n]s4 ,:5 ! names ( ,falguire & ,m]ci1 ,dubois & ,*apu1 ,sa9t-,m>ceaux & ,frmiet & ,rod9 are spok51 ^! m5 & wom5 are ?rill$1 j z ,he9e's ,gr5adi] 0 ?rill$ by an imag9$ foot/ep2 & ^! m5 & wom5 "k :y ,s*umann's song so>s up into ! ,m>seillaise4 ,!y "k t _! ,fr5* ma/]s once gave !m some?+ priceless1 yet left !m free to use ! gift accord+ to _! own b5t & w4 ,! pr9ciples taught 9 ! ateli] seem$ to !m necess>y & sugge/ive1 n despotic4 ,to-day1 bo? ! ,new ,_w & ! ,old are alt]$4 ,good art s*ools are n[ f\nd 9 mo/ ( our l>ge cities2 z f> z m]e te*nical tra9+ is conc]n$1 opportunities = art-/udy are at pres5t bright] "h ?an 9 ,europe4 ,b no?+ c ev] replace ! inspiration giv5 by ! sight ( ,european ma/]pieces ( pa9t+1 sculpture1 & ar*itecture on ,european soil4 ,!re=e we no long] say ) ,w>d1 8,g abroad to /udy1 b n to /ay40 ,we say in/ead1 8,rema9 at home = y\r /udy1 b g abroad dur+ vacation p]iods = travel & = inspiration40 ,a g5]ation ago1 ! eag] "y /ud5t body ( return+ pa9t]s & sculptors w\ld n h believ$ t ?is *ange ( base 9 an arti/'s education c\ld occur )9 _! lifetime4 ,until r lately1 ! y\?ful sculptor return+ to ,am]ica to practise 8 pr(ession w\ld hope fir/ ( all to make a portrait bu/ or two1 ek+ out 8 income by tea*+ classes 9 model+1 or by assi/+ "s m exp]i5c$ sculptor 9 develop+ important commissions4 ,!n if he 7 lucky1 a f\nta9 figure = "s "o's g>d5 or a portrait /atue = 8 native t[n w\ld loom up on 8 horizon1 & he w\ld be fairly />t$ on 8 way to glory4 ,,ii ,! portrait /atue2 imp]i%able bronze tr\s]s2 ! frock-coat immortaliz$4 ,art ?\ !re1 truep5ny8 ,mo/ ( ^? p]sons :o are n[ confirm$ hat]s ( sculpture probably became s ?r\gh hav+ 9 t5d] *ildhood look$ too long on ! bronze portrait /atue :5 x 0 d>k1 :5 x gave its color all wrong to ! c\nt5ance ( "s belov$ h]o4 ,ev5 among sculptors !re are _m :o admit a secret di/a/e = ! portrait /atue1 except :5 x proce$s f ! art ( ! r>e absolute ma/]4 ,he>+ ! grumbl+s ( sculptors z to ! difficulties ( ?is =m1 "o is tempt$ to ask ) ,mr4 ,caudle1 8,if pa9ful1 :y s (t5 d x80 ,! answ] is1 8,! portrait /atue is :at committees want1 & w pay =4 ,! portrait /atue is my *ildr5's bread2 ! ideal figure w n keep !m 9 %oes40 ,s !n1 ! situation mu/ be exam9$ on all sides4 ,& is !re n a c]ta9 high c\rage 9 t sculptor :o takes 8 age z x is1 &1 l ,sa9t-,gaud5s & ,w>d1 manfully makes ! tru?ful be/ out ( ,pet] ,coop]'s :isk]s1 & ,horace ,greeley's long-legg$ boots8 8,b10 retorts ! sculptor1 8! :isk]s we c endure & celebrate2 ! boots are n too mu* to be>4 ,^! ?+s are n decorative1 b !y h "*1 !y tell _! times4 ,x is ! frock-coat & ! tr\s]s t p>alyze our imag9ation40 ,p]haps x w nev] be kn[n h[ mu* ! mod]n male co/ume1 conv5i5t inde$1 b uncomely1--tyrann\sly uni=m 9 its =mlessness1 & reject+ any individuality z an indec5cy1--has contribut$ to ! r wide indiff]5ce ( ! public t[>d ! usual d>k effigy ( e/imable manhood set up 9 ! m>ketplace4 ,well1 no conflict1 no drama6 ,if !re 7 no inh]5t difficulties 9 ! problem ( ! portrait /atue1 !re w\ld be no exultation = ! sculptor 9 8 successful solution4 ,true1 our days lack beauty2 man's app>el is n a sculptural delight4 ,b unless ! arti/ c d some?+ to m5d matt]s1 !re is little use 9 m\rnfully rem9d+ ! _w t !re 0 no ,wragg by ! ,ilissus4 ,x is int]e/+ to m>k h[ our ,am]ican sculptors h come out f _! cla% ) ! commonplace1 & :e!r !y em]ge z victors or vanqui%$4 ,,iii ,look+ at ! g5]al assembly ( portrait /atues "h1 we see at once t ^! works are fre] & happi] :5 _! subjects1 to alt] ,wa%+ton's hi/oric words1 p]mit 8"s little deviation 9 disfavor ( mod]n co/ume40 ,mr4 ,qu9n1 9 8 /atue ( ,edw9 ,boo?1 & ,mr4 ,we9man1 9 8 spirit$ ,macomb1 h pr(it$ sculpturally by su* p]missions4 ,mo/ ( ! bronze /atues 9 ! ,rotunda ( ! ,libr>y ( ,congress h an add$ *ance at immortality because p]sonages l ,solon 9 8 himation & ! ,droe%\t ,%akespe>e 9 8 d\blet & hose1 ,mi*elangelo ) 8 angry lea!r apron & ,columbus ) 8 sea-coat & _w-map1 & ,joseph ,h5ry 9 8 g[n are fre$ f ! tyranny ( mod]n tailor+4 ,!y evade ! "q2 !y h e opportunity to look z good z !y are4 ,b ! /atue ( a pla9 blunt mod]n man r>ely looks z good z x is2 clo!s bewray x2 & s we %all f9d all our mod]n arti/s us+ "o subt]fuge or ano!r to relieve ! bleak dulness ( mod]n manly dress se5 at full l5g? 9 ! r\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/atue ,,( ,,maj4 ,,g54 ,,macomb ,,by ,,adolph ,a4 ,,we9man ,sa9t-,gaud5s seats 8 ,pet] ,coop] k+-l )9 a ,r5aissance portico1 & places a curule *air beh9d 8 /&+ ,l9coln4 ,?\gh ,l9coln is a greatly rev]$ subject 9 ,am]ican sculpture1--a subject ( exce$+ly rugg$ =ce1--few sculptors are satisfi$ to pres5t ,l9coln1 pla9 9 8 usual g>b2 !y give ! h]o a backgr\nd1 or a cloak1 or an ex$ra1 or a top hat on a b5*1 s ke5ly d !y feel ! lack ( amplify+ circum/ances4 ,yet c]ta9ly ,l9coln's bronze clo?+ (f]s m ( int]e/ ?an t ( today's capta9s ( de/9y1 soldi]s except$4 ,& h[ di/9ctively ,am]ican is ! note s\nd$ 9 all our portrait /atues ( ,l9coln6 ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 ,fr5*1 ,mac,neil1 ,we9man1 ,b>n>d1 ,borglum1 & ,o',connor h made "s ( ! be/ ( ^!4 ,"o sees t a good /atue ( ,l9coln mu/ be 8di/9ctively ,am]ican02 let all 8view]s ) al>m0 be com=t$ by obs]v+ t ,fr5*ification or ,italianization slips away f a ,l9coln /atue l wat] f a duck's back4 ,,iv ,! major h]oes ( sculpture may well receive ! tribute ( %r9e or ex$ra or canopy1 b :at ( ! m num]\s less] h]oes8 ,9 avoid+ a commonplace r5d]+1 ! imag9ative sculptor has o!r av5ues ( escape beside ^? (f]$ by ! ar*itect1 sometimes gloomily call$ by unbeliev]s 9 collaboration ! sculptor's evil g5ius4 ,a fir/ aid is ! impressioni/ mann]1 us$ by ,o',connor 9 8 ,worce/] ,soldi]1 & 9 8 ma/]ly /atue ( ,g5]al ,lawton at ,indianapolis4 ,9 ^! works ! model+ is fluid1 ! planes vibrate 9 light2 we feel ! happy abs5ce ( a sample-c>d arrangem5t ( buttons2 no "o c\ld = a mom5t say1 ,"h are two m triumphs ( bronze tailor+4 ,already 9 "s ( our new ,w> memorials1 our sculptors are mak+ use1 b n always ! be/ use1 ( broad simplifications ( mass & surface4 ,!y are %[+ u "y h]oes ( ! ,argonne n cap-a-pie 9 _! uni=ms1 7no "o asks t7 b ) torn tunics1 if any1 & ) riv5 fle%4 ,rod9 & ! gr& old ,b\rgeois de ,calais are indirectly responsible = "s ( ^! compositions4 ,b w ^! bronze pictures ( human agony long satisfy ! human he>t8 ,h su* memorials ! p]man5ce ( _s we implore1 or are !y big bronze /udies t are really almo/ z f> f ! h]oic greatness ( ! ,b\rgeois de ,calais z f ! unpret5d+ littl5ess ( a ,rog]s gr\p1 say ! ,w\nd$ ,sc\t 9 ! ,swamp8 ,! answ] dep5ds entirely ^u ! arti/4 ,we h no "r to dictate 8 mann]1 b we dem& t b5ea? ! mann] !re %all be s\nd con/ruction z well z feel+3 we ask also a k ( ensemble1 ( silh\ette4 ,! impressioni/ /yle is a f9e in/rum5t 9 ! "r h&s4 ,b 9 ! h&s ( m$iocrity1 ?is /yle ( sculptural language p]=ms ! ?ird & mo/ regrettable function ( all language1 t ( conceal+ ! lack ( ?\ght4 ,! result is :at ,mr4 ,grafly might well call 8union-suit sculpture40 ,betwe5 ! ,devil ( a prosaic lit]alness ( r5d]+1 & ! deep sea ( a sloppy & w\ld-be poetical impressionism1 ! g5ius ( ! sculptor is our only salvation4 ,impressionism ill-h&l$ w n save f ! commonplace ei!r a gr\p or a figure4 ,:ile ! problem ( ! portrait /atue rema9s z difficult z x n[ is1 "o is glad to see t ( late committees are turn+ t[>d o!r ways ( p]petuat+ ! memory ( greatness4 ,"h 9 ,new ,york1 ! ,pulitz] ,memorial 9 ! ,plaza has tak5 ! =m ( a f\nta91 surm\nt$ by a figure ( ,abundance1 ! la/ "w f ! h&s ( ,k>l ,bitt]2 & ! ,/raus ,memorial is a f\nta91 9 :i* ! *ief motive is a recl9+ figure ( ,contemplation1 at ! head ( a l>ge pool4 ,o!r cities also h _! successful memorial avoidances ( ! 8iron photograph10 z ! d>k5$ bronze effigy has be5 call$4 ,a di/+ui%$ example is ,daniel ,fr5*'s ,du ,pont f\nta9 9 ,wa%+ton1 made to replace a portrait /atue4 ,mrs4 ,:itney's ,titanic ,memorial1 a memorial = _m r ?an = "o1 is admirable 9 its s9c]e orig9ality ( inspiration4 ,at lea/ "o ?+ c\ld be done :i* is n[ left undone by mo/ ( ! ,city ,fa!rs 9 our l&4 ,"u ! direction ( ,municipal ,art ,commissions1 bronze /atues c\ld be clean$2 n poli%$ until !y are a glitt]+ cong]ies ( high lights1 an effect he>tily dete/$ by sculptors1 b clean$ reasonably1 ) a dec5t reg>d = ! op9ions ( ^? :o made !m4 ,is x n a s+ul> sup]/ition t a /atue once plac$ %\ld nev] be t\*$ by ! h& ( cleanl9ess1 b %\ld suff] 9 sil5ce :atev] indignities ! soot & ! birds & ! climate heap ^u x8 ,aga91 9 a c\ntry 9 :i* gold is said to be no r>e possession1 ?is metal1 prop]ly ton$1 c\ld (t5 )\t prohibitive exp5se be us$ to dignify our /atues1 & prev5t d>k oxidization4 ,& ?is w\ld be done1 if we ( today c>$ z mu* ab\t art z we d1 let u say1 ab\t adv]tis+4 ,future civilization w probably h a place = a new pr(ession1 t ( ! well-tra9$ cu/odian ( /atues4 ,! fir/ attempts 9 ?is "w w n 9 ! nature ( ?+s be z de/ructive z 7 ! labors ( ! old-"t picture-re/or]1 s-call$1 a p]sonage long revil$ = 8 ignorant or di%one/ acts1 b n[ becom+ ext9ct4 ,& :at a boon x w\ld be if ?is /atue-cu/odian ( ! future1 ) a body ( intellig5t criticism beh9d him1 c\ld be dep5d$ ^u = judici\s removals z well z = fai?ful gu>dian%ip6 ,?is lib]at+ ?\ght is br\ght to ! att5tion ( all ,municipal ,art ,commissions4 ,v ,among appeal+ portraits 9 ! ,l\vre is ,ghirl&aio's ,prie/ & ,boy4 ,:atev] might be hide\s 9 its realism is at once aton$ = by some?+ s+ul>ly lovely4 ,! prie/ has ! uglie/ nose 9 ! _w2 ,cyrano is a ,h]mes to him2 b ! *ild looks up to him 9 intimate *ildlike tru/4 ,! mo/ unfl9*+ realism & ! t5d]e/ idealism meet 9 t portrait4 ,& our ,am]ican portraits 9 sculpture1 tak5 "o by "o1 run t gamut4 ,f ! day ( ,william ,ru%'s rude self-portrait d[n to ! pres5t h\r ( an occasional poly*rome m>ble bu/ ( exquisite workman%ip1 our sculpture has advanc$ 9 ! art ( ! portrait bu/4 ,! creator ( ! ,greek ,slave 0 happi]1 :e!r he knew x or n1 9 rugg$ mascul9e portrait heads su* z 8 ,jackson & 8 ,calh\n1 ?an 9 8 fam$ ideal figures2 ^? male lik5esses h a liv+ quality t is lack+ 9 8 s]ies ( idealiz$ bu/s ( classic h]o9es su* z ,pros]p9e & ,psy*e1 all mu* ! same 9 feature1 & all appropriately corset$ 9 a k9d ( m>ble corolla1 spr++ up f a leafy m>ble base4 ,! end+ ( a bu/1 t is to say its base or support1 is always a "q ) ! sculptor1 unless1 l ,h\don1 he *ooses "o type ( base = all1 or unless1 z ,rod9 9 8 m>ble portraits ( wom51 he c\nts ^u ! ri*ly associative *>m ( ! una*iev$4 ,s9ce ! "t ( ,v]oc*io's bu/ ( a woman ) fl[]s 9 h] h&s1 _m sculptors1 = ! sake ( add$ int]e/1 a m vivid *>act]ization1 or a m /rik+ composition1 h attempt$ to %[ ! h&s z well z ! face ( ! p]son portray$4 ,9 ?is difficult und]tak+1 no mod]n sculptor has succe$$ bett] ?an ,mr4 ,niehaus1 well-kn[n = 8 impos+ monum5ts4 ,8 portrait bu/ ( ,john ,qu9cy ,adams ,w>d is n only a "w ( di/+ui%$ realism1 wor?y ( ! arti/ x repres5ts2 x is also a p]fect solution ( an almo/ insolvable problem 9 arrangem5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,portrait ,,bu/ ,,( ,j4 ,q4 ,a4 ,,w>d ,,by ,,*>les ,h4 ,,niehaus ,among ! greate/ virile portraits ( our age are ^? ( ! 8all ar\nd0 ,am]ican sculptor1 ,*>les ,grafly2 = /yle & workman%ip & seiz+ ( "* any half-doz5 ( 8 bu/s w\ld pr\dly hold _! own if plac$ beside ,rod9's male portraits 9 ! ,metropolitan ,museum4 ,fur!rmore1 !y h ! old-fa%ion$ advantage ( look+ l ! p]sons !y repres5t1 an advantage n always atta9$ 9 ! ,rod9 portrayals4 ,p]haps a fair] tribute to ,mr4 ,grafly's p[] w\ld be to say t 8 bu/s ne$ n fe> comp>ison ) ! ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,%]man1 t mo/ spirit$ portrait ( a w>-*ief4 ,"o ( our memorable sculptur$ portraits is ,mrs4 ,burr\ghs's bu/ ( ,john ,la ,f>ge1 model$ at ab\t ! p]iod ( ,mr4 ,lockwood's pa9t$ portrait4 ,bo? arti/s h atta9$ tru?4 ,mr4 ,lockwood's broadly envelop+ te*nique %[s ,la ,f>ge z ! cosmopolitan1 ! arti/ :o is also ! graci\s citiz5 ( ! _w2 ,mrs4 ,burr\ghs's po9t ( view emphasizes ,la ,f>ge ! individuali/1 ! ?9k] habitually pursu+ 8 own spiritual adv5tures 9 _m realms1 ori5tal & occid5tal4 ,! pa9t+ tells :]e9 ,la ,f>ge resembles 8 fell[-m51 :ile ! sculpture ) equal =ce br+s out 8 valuable po9ts ( diff]5ce4 ,tw5ty ye>s ago1 ,jona?an ,scott ,h>tley's /urdy r5d]+s ( mascul9e "* delight$ 8 colleagues2 & ev5 today1 8 bu/ ( ,john ,gilb]t z ,sir ,pet] ,teazle loses no?+ ( its ri* :imsical e>ne/ness :5 consid]$ beside mod]n "w ( ! highe/ ord]1 su* z ,rob]t ,aitk5's portrait ( ,augu/us ,?omas1 or "o ( ,fras]'s pres5tm5ts ( our great ,am]ican citiz5s4 ,naturally remote 9 int5t & result f ^! virile model+s are ! lov+ly r5d]$ portraits ( wom5 & *ildr5 famili> 9 our sculpture4 ,a well-kn[n example is ,man%ip's reali/ically c>v$ m>ble image ( 8 baby daught] plac$ )9 a captivat+ %r9e ( blue & gold4 ,portraits 9 ! r\nd1 c>ri$ out 9 a poly*rome ensemble ( beautifully cut m>ble comb9$ ) o!r mat]ials1 su* z wood1 gold1 & semi-preci\s /ones1 (f] a fasc9at+ field = ! ,am]ican sculptor will+ to devote to su* exp]im5ts ! "t & ?\ght !y dem&4 ,! pure :ite m>ble bu/ looks ill at ease 9 ! w>m prec9cts ( ! mod]n home2 x is a ?+ ( ! pa/4 ,we c b wond] t our eld]s bore x s long1 ev5 :5 x 0 9 a measure suppress$ by plac+ x look+ /reetw>d1 betwe5 ! p>t$ lace curta9s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,m>ble ,,portrait ,,( ,,baby ,,by ,,paul ,,man%ip ,= ! male portrait1 mod]n ta/e g5]ally pref]s bronze to m>ble2 & j z ! dead :it5ess ( m>ble may be reliev$ by color1 s ! sev]e d>kness ( bronze 9 /atue or bu/ may be alt]$ by ! use ( a h>moni\s pat9a4 ,_m ( our sculptors h giv5 long & pati5t /udy to ?is subject ( 8pat9e02 o!rs aga9 tru/ all to ! bronze f\nd]4 ,b sculpture /ill has mu* to le>n f *emi/ry2 & !re are /ill a few arti/s :o keep en\gh ( ! weak] side ( craftsman%ip to believe 9 ! advisability ( secret processes4 ,is x n true t art is ! la/ field :]e su* secrecies %\ld exi/8 ,d we n look ^u art z ! lib]ator ( great ?+s1 n z ! lock]-up ( little ?+s l craftsm5's receipts8 ,= receipts t are n expos$ to ! air get m\ldy ) hugg]-mugg] & abracadabra2 ?is is z true today z 9 good ,c5n9o ,c5n9i's "t ( 8mordant ) g>lic10 & 8temp]a ) ! yolk ( ! egg ( a city h540 ,,vi ,a survey ( ! _s ( ,am]ican sculpture %\ld include1 z a cause = joy1 a glimpse at ! s+le ideal figures 9 :i* _m ( our mod]n sculptors express !mselves1 m or less untrammel$ by ! dem&s ( ! _w4 ,! subjects = su* figures are r>ely new1 yet !y mu/ be treat$ ) p]5nial fre%ness4 ,take ,diana3 ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 ,w>n]1 ,mac,monnies1 ,miss ,scudd]1 ,mc,cartan & ,i "k n h[ _m o!rs h done ,diana 9 h] phases1 & ea* new portrayal %\ld prove a new joy4 ,take ,maid5hood3 ,rudolph ,evans has *os5 ?is anci5t !me = 8 ,gold5 ,h\r1 "o ( ! mo/ delightful pieces 9 all ,am]ican sculpture2 ,b>n>d has r5d]$ x 9 m>ble2 ,%]ry ,fry's classic bronze ,maid5hood1 9 ! guise ( ,hygeia1 & ,mrs4 ,burr\ghs's ,on ! ,?re%old are sculptural expressions ( ! same subject4 ,take ! ,ephebos3 ,john ,donoghue's ,"y ,sophocles1 dat$ #ahhe1 a ma/]piece com+ j half way1 9 po9t ( "t1 betwe5 ! arrival ( ! ,greek ,slave 9 ,am]ica & ! unveil+ ( ,mac,monnies's ,civic ,virtue1 is a glori\sly conceiv$ figure ( y\? 9 ! ab/ract1 r ?an a full-l5g? lik5ess ( ! ,greek poet lead+ ! *orus aft] ,salamis4 ,surely 9 sculptural ma/]y1 ,donoghue is mu* ne>] to ,mac,monnies ?an to ,p[]s4 ,pick+ our way pa/ ! ,slave & h] k91 & com+ at la/ ^u a classic l ?is ,"y ,sophocles1 we may safely ab&on ! prefix pseudo4 ,:at a relief6 ,x is z if "o c\ld at la/ leave (f ov]-%oes1 & walk abroad dry-%od1 9 fair wea!r4 ,?is example f ! 'eighties po9ts out once m ! progress made betwe5 ! ,fairs ( #ahgf & #ahic4 ,does x also1 9 its old-s*ool s]i\sness ( consecration to art1 & 9 its rev]5ce = 8! nobl] =ms ( nature0 %ame a little ! easy slapda% ( ! battalions ( sket*y figures n[ clamor+ = space 9 pr9t & 9 ! gall]ies8 ,probably n4 ,o!r times1 o!r ideals4 8,%e c]ta9ly sav$ h]self tr\ble10 0 ! comm5t ( a sculptor1 look+ at a mod]ni/ figure ^: drap]y 0 made by /r+s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,gold5 ,,h\r ,,by ,,rudolph ,,evans ,,*apt] ,,vi ,,our ,,eque/rian ,,/atues ,our =efa!rs' fir/ fond national desire 9 sculpture 0 = an eque/rian /atue ( ,wa%+ton1 by ,h\don2 a wi% nev] to be fulfill$4 ,! ,congressional impulse ( #aghc 0 sob]$ on c\nt+ up ! co/4 ,x came to no?+ until two g5]ations _h pass$2 & x came to v little ev5 !n4 ,today1 our c\ntry is sometimes call$ ! p>adise ( ! eque/rian /atue4 ,if any su* p>adise exi/s among u1 x has be5 creat$ s9ce #ahec1 :5 ,cl>k ,mills1 8nev] hav+ se5 ,g5]al ,jackson or an eque/rian /atue10 at la/ succe$$1 aft] he>t-break+ difficulties1 9 ca/+ 9 bronze ! fir/ eque/rian /atue ev] made "h4 ,) :at passionate di?yrambs ,b5v5uto ,cell9i w\ld h told ! _w ( su* a feat1 _h x be5 86 ,h[ brea?lessly he w\ld h describ$ ! break+ ( cranes & ! bur/+ ( furnaces & ! six tragic failures 9 ! body ( ! horse be=e ! old cannon captur$ by ,&rew ,jackson 7 f9ally translat$ into ! suppos$ immortality ( ! eque/rian gr\p 9 bronze6 ,g5]al ,jackson & 8 horse are /ill balanc+ !mselves at leisure 9 front ( ! ,:ite ,h\se2 x is p]haps ne$less to report _! aspect z a ?+ m /range ?an beautiful4 ,no "o ?9ks ?is "w a triumph ( art1 b e s]i\s /ud5t kn[s x z a mu* ne$$ initial victory ov] ! h>d conditions ( bronze ca/+4 ,y may call ! gr\p biz>re & unsophi/icat$ 9 effect1 z well z :olly me*ani/ic by fir/ int5tion2 b y _c take f x ! honor ( be+ fir/ 9 our long procession ( eque/rian /atues1 "s ( !m =ms ( ! v highe/ di/9ction4 ,& y w n fail to obs]ve ! amaz+ improvem5t 9 /yle t has someh[ tak5 place by ! "t our second eque/rian appe>s2 ,br[n's ,wa%+ton1 ?\gh com+ b ?ree ye>s aft] ! ,mills ,jackson1 rema9s among our f9e examples 9 sculpture4 ,n s numb] ?ree1 ! ,mills ,wa%+ton1 belat$ & inadequate response to ! ,congressional resolve 9 #aghc2 lea/ said1 soone/ m5d$4 ,bett] =tune came ) numb] f\r1 ! ,ball ,wa%+ton1 long ! pride ( ,bo/on4 ,,ii ,today1 our eque/rian /atues are ! "w ( accompli%$ sculptors4 ,su* commissions are n be/[$ on weakl+s or beg9n]s1 on irresponsibles or m]e exp]im5t]s4 ,9 addition to g5ius1 ! highe/ eque/rian art dem&s ( ! sculptor c]ta9 p$e/rian virtues2 su* z =esight & p]sev]ance & common s5se & ability to cope ) ! unsuspect$ deviltries ( m51 bea/s1 & ?+s4 ,z said 9 ano!r *apt]1 e sculptor :o triumphs ov] 8 eque/rian problem is h]oic4 ,?is is true :e!r he works s+le-h&$ or 9 collaboration ) "s o!r sculptor1 "s "o ) a special gift = animal =m4 ,& x rema9s true1 ev5 ?\gh 9 our day1 no sculptor c well hope or desire1 l ,h\don1 to be 8consid]$ "u ! d\ble aspect ( ,/atu>y & ,f\nd]40 ,e>ne/ m5 l ,cell9i & ,h\don1 ,cl>k ,mills & ,br[n h long s9ce1 by work+ on _! knees 9 sweat & grime1 pav$ ! way = ! mod]n organization ( bronze f\nd+ to be c>ri$ on z a craft 9 purlieus outside ! sculptor's /udio4 ,_m tribulations are !reby remov$ f ! sculptor1 b en\gh h be5 add$ = 8 prop] *a/5+4 ,^? :o "k our ,am]ican eque/rian /atues1 ^? :o h se5 ! pluck & en]gy ) :i* _! mak]s h a*iev$ _! goal1 w c]ta9ly set d[n valor z "o ( ! gifts belong+ to ! _s ( ,am]ican sculpture4 ,,iii ,cl>k ,mills1 ,br[n1 ,ball1 ,w>d1 ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 ,fr5*1 ,pott]1 ,p>tridge1 ,rem+ton1 ,bu%-,br[n1 ,elwell1 ,proctor1 ,rh9d1 ,lukeman1 ,bitt]1 ,niehaus1 ,ruck/ull1 ,b>tlett1 ,mac,monnies1 ,dall91 ! two ,borglums1 ,fras]1 ,aitk51 ,miss ,hyatt1 ,mrs4 ,f>nham1 ,ro?1 ,pack]1 ,%rady2--if )\t b5efit ( catalogue memory at once speaks all ^! names1 no d\bt !re are o!rs also4 ,& 9 :at inf9ite v>iety ( imag9ation & ( r5d]+ _! works /& be=e u6 ,! :ole procession ( m\nt$ h]oes produces no s5se ( monotony4 ,orig9ality1 t quality ov]priz$ :5 priz$ at all z an end 9 itself1 appe>s 9 suffici5t measure4 ,yet1 beg9n+ ) ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 mo/ ( ^! well-tra9$ arti/s w\ld und\bt$ly admit _! debt ( gratitude to ,b>ye & ,frmiet & ,dubois1 ! ,fr5* ma/]s1 & beyond ^!1 to ,donatello & to ,v]oc*io & ,leop>di1 ?r\gh :om ! ,r5aissance gave to ! _w ^? two vivid ma/]pieces1 ! ,gattamelata & ! ,colleoni4 ,if t almo/ my?ical ?ird ma/]piece1 da ,v9ci's ,s=za1 _h be5 sav$ to r\nd out a tr9ity ( high accompli%m5t1 h[ great w\ld h be5 our debt to ,italy6 ,z x is1 ! void left is some?+ e sculptor is free to fill1 if 8 p[]s p]mit2 !re are /ill worlds to conqu]4 ,,iv ,a /rangely mov+ /ory ( "s su* high ambition is told 9 ! c>e] ( ,h5ry ,m]w9 ,%rady1 :o di$ la/ ye>1 at ! v "t :5 8 colossal eque/rian monum5t to ,g5]al ,grant 0 unveil$ 9 ,wa%+ton4 ,%rady's swift un*>t$ c\rse1 l t ( a few arti/s1 v>iations f ! type1 con=m$ 9 no way to ! r\t9e deem$ necess>y = mo/ m5 9 8 pr(ession4 ,a graduate f ,columbia1 he _h successfully engag$ 9 bus9ess = "s ye>s be=e he began to model animals4 ,he became a sculptor ov]night4 ,8 imm$iate success 9 ! art ( sculpture is b p>tly expla9$ by ref]r+ to 8 cultivat$ intellect1 & by say+ t z ! son ( a not$ surgeon he easily assimilat$ ! tru?s ( anatomy4 ,nor does 8 success ne$ explanation z mu* z recognition4 ,8 success is 8 arti/'s secret1 p]haps nev] to be reveal$1 p]haps always to rema9 among ! impond]able ?+s ! s\l w n disclose to sci5ce4 ,surely he cr[d$ into 8 brief c>e] all ! rapt ef=t ( ! y\?ful /ud5t1 & all ! m compos$ b no less /r5u\s endeavor ( ! assur$ arti/4 ,f fir/ to la/1 8 (f]+s are good4 ,b ! gr&iose conception ( 8 f9al "w1 ! ,grant monum5t1 an epic cr[d$ & mass$ ) eque/rian & leon9e figures passionately portray$ 9 a k9d ( exalt$ realism1 call$ = cont9u$ h]oic ye>s ( labor4 ,^? ye>s 7 at times h>ass$ by misund]/&+s ) ! *ang+ (ficials ^: presumably difficult duty x 0 to sup]vise ! "w 9 ! public int]e/4 ,inde$1 ,%rady's eque/rian concept 0 9 ?is in/ance a ?+ too gr&iose to be accept$1 on sight unse51 by p$e/rian m9ds4 ,?\gh 8 art triumph$ at la/1 & all 8 promises 7 p]=m$1 8 life end$ z ! veil 0 lift$ f its cr[n+ "w4 ,v ,i (t5 ?9k t ! eque/rian /atue has a l>g] & m imm$iate p[] ( communication ?an o!r sculptural =ms4 ,?is is n m]ely because ( its weight & volume & g5]al air ( exp5siv5ess4 ,^? ?+s belong 9 ev] s _m climes to ev] s _m huge prosaic monum5ts se5 ) ! pr(\nde/ indiff]5ce ( ! human s\l4 ,b ! man 7or ! ,maid7 on horseback is readily en\gh tak5 to he>t z a p]son ) tid+s1 say z someone br++ ! good news f ,gh5t1 or "s o!r def9ite place4 ,he or %e at once becomes a figure 9 a drama1 t old ^w t means some?+ do+2 an atmosph]e ( romance is at once creat$ = ! pass]-by to %>e 91 if he likes4 ,p]haps ! eque/rian h]o is ,mr4 ,lukeman's ,circuit ,rid]1 a prea*] ( ! ,^w1 go+ v rev]5tly & wisely ab\t 8 ,fa!r's bus9ess1 or else1 ?is be+ a great ye> = bronze circuit rid+1 he is ,mr4 ,proctor's /udi\s ,circuit ,rid]1 to be set up on ! ,capitol gr\nds at ,salem1 ,oregon4 ,p]haps he is ,mr4 ,b>tlett's ,lafayette1 com+ f a c\rt ( di/9ction1 ) a message ( high national import1 s t all ! glory ( j t mu/ be diplomatically sugge/$ 9 a l>ge way 9 8 own p]son1 :ile 8 horse mu/ %[ a pr\d lip1 & seem to be ( ! k9d m5 give k+doms =4 ,p]haps he is ,w>d's ,g5]al ,?omas1 sitt+ 8 ?or\ghbr$1 ! fir/ ?or\ghbr$ reveal$ 9 true mettle 9 our sculpture2 ! ,g5]al surveys a mom5t\s battlefield1 8hold+ 8 own10 z ,g>field amaz$ly saw1 8) utt] defeat on ea* side ( him1 & su* wild disord] 9 8 re>10 & s w9n+ ! "n he bore ! re/ ( 8 life1 ! ,rock ( ,*ickamauga4 ,or p]haps aga9 ! h]o is a h]o9e1--! ,maid ( ,orleans z ,miss ,hyatt has portray$ h]1 uplift$ by h] visions & rid+ on to glory4 ,9 any ev5t1 x is q cle> t ! eque/rian /atue is a /ori$ ?+4 ,& ?is is v h>d on ! solemn critic1 :o1 ?ir/+ = pure ab/ractions1 decl>es 9 8 mi/ak5 way t art mu/ n tell a /ory1 & :o = ! mom5t highbr[beats ev]ybody into say+ message or mean+ or cont5t in/ead ( /ory4 ,mean:ile1 s f> ap>t are ! ways ( criticism & creation1 ! mak] ( eque/rian /atues cont9ues to sp9 8 romances & epics 9 bronze4 ,! fact t 8 f9e !me appeals to ! p n only gladd5s him2 x puts him "u a /ill m press+ obligation to %[ :at an arti/ c d ) su* a !me1 h[ greatly he c enhance & exalt x4 ,he und]/&s well en\gh t x is easi] to beg9 su* ent]prises ) gu/o ?an to f9i% !m ) glory4 ,mo/ ( our ma/]s ( ! eque/rian =m 7 lov]s & kn[]s ( ! horse be=e !y 7 8 sculptors2 & t1 ?\gh n imp]ative = g5ius1 is valuable4 ,,vi ,aside f good workman%ip1 our ,am]ican eque/rians %[ an individuality ( conception1 n[ /ately1 n[ famili>ly hi/oric1 n[ sob]ly tru?ful1 & almo/ always int]e/+4 ,no "o b ,mac,monnies has j ! ,mac,monnies ,gaelic1 ,gallic gallantry ( attack1 ev]y:]e su/a9$ by ! ,mac,monnies absolute ma/]y ( sculptural res\rce2 no "o b ,b>tlett c imp>t q t cosmopolitan t\* ( suavity & c\rtl9ess :i* temp]s ! eag]ness ( 8 "y ,lafayette2 no "o b ,bitt] ev] work$ up su* a %\t & hurrah ov] re>+ /allions = expositions1 & yet 0 able1 a little lat]1 to give ,new ,york a "w ( su* /udi$ s]i\sness z 8 eque/rian ( ,g5]al ,sigel2 & no "o b ,edw>d ,pott] has ev] told 9 sculpture1 dur+ a lifetime ( acqua9tance ) ?und]-clo!d necks1 s mu* ( ! hone/ tru? ab\t horses4 ,t cle> atmosph]e ( practical ,*ri/ianity :i* envelops ^? two ,circuit ,rid]s does n 9 ! lea/ resemble ! religi\s ec/asy brea?+ f ,miss ,hyatt's ,jeanne d',arc4 ,diff]5t aga9 is ! exalt$ devotion t speaks 9 e l9e ( ,sa9t-,gaud5s's ,%aw1 f ! slant ( ! rifles1 l fall+ ra91 up to ! brood+ visage ( ! "y comm&] & ! pres5ce t guides him & 8 m54 ,look+ at ! m]e composition "h1 "o ?9ks (t5 ( ! ,surr5d] at ,br$a2 b ! oblique l9es ( our ,army rifles are surely f> m tragic ?an ! upright ,br$a lances4 ,ea* ( ^! la/-nam$ sculptors has _h a c]ta9 !me & a c]ta9 emotion to pres5t1 & ea* has m>%all$ 8 res\rces 9 8 own *>act]i/ic way4 ,illu/ration3 ,,horse ,,tam]s ,,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,macmonnies ,aga91 ! trag$y t w always be lat5t = ! ,s\!rn] 9 ! ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,%]man1 ) its dom9at+ figure ( ! w>rior season$ to 8 great task1 yet a task to be temp]$ by ! advanc+ _s ( ,nike-,eir5e1 is n 9 ! lea/ l ! k9d ( trag$y t enfolds ,fras]'s ,end ( ! ,trail4 ,"h ! pupil does n foll[ ! ma/] 9 subject1 or 9 treatm5t1 or 9 ^? m]e motions ( ! sculptor's tool1 too (t5 transmitt$ un*ang$ f tea*] to le>n]4 ,mr4 ,fras]'s mov+ p>able ( a los+ p is told 9 8 own way1 & 9 ! gr& /yle ( sculpture1 j z ! p>ables ( ! ,evangeli/s are told 9 ea* ,evangeli/'s way1 & 9 ! gr& /yle ( language1 z ,engli%-speak+ read]s are privileg$ to "k x4 ,long be=e assi/+ ,sa9t-,gaud5s 9 ! ,%]man eque/rian1 ,mr4 ,fras]1 f 8 boyhood 9 ,montana1 knew ! horse ( ! untam$ ,we/4 ,8 gr\p is sculpture f 8 own exp]i5ce4 ,& ,solon ,borglum's way ) 8 f>-,we/]n !mes is n at all l ,mr4 ,fras]'s way4 ,solon ,borglum1 lea/ academic ( all ^? sculptors :o /ill feel rev]5ce = anatomical tru?s1 envelops 8 m5 & bea/s 9 a k9d ( fateful wea!r t /irs ! human he>t to sympa?y ) !m 9 _! /ruggles1 :e!r happy or unhappy2 he veils 8 subjects 9 ! hope ( mak+ !m m cle> to y4 ,diff]5t aga9 is ,mr4 ,dall9's v]sion ( t great hi/oric !me1 ! m\nt$ ,indian4 ,?is sculptor's g5ius1 se5 at its be/ 9 ! comm&+ ,appeal to ! ,great ,_s1 plac$ 9 front ( ! ,bo/on ,museum ( ,f9e ,arts1 int]prets ! ritual ( a pass+ race4 ,! position ( ?is au/]e gr\p at ! approa* to an au/]e build+ appropriately sugge/s to ! spectator ! pa?os ( contra/ betwe5 two cultures1 ! l[] & ! high]1 ! vani%+ & ! endur+4 ,does n t ,indian mutely rem9d u ( great treasure :i* is ours1 b 9 :i* he may n %>e8 ,,vii ,:e!r our eque/rian /atues1 z ! gr\ps la/ spok5 (1 reveal a side ( ,am]ican life de/9$ to pass f our view1 or :e!r1 on ! o!r h&1 !y are ( ! hi/oric portrait ord]1 z are our mo/ ( ! ,old ,_w eque/rians1 x is cle> t ! p]sonal vision prevails4 ,! note ( romance is pres5t2 p]haps we sc>cely realize h[ mu* ! s-call$ dumb bea/ contributes to t4 ,mr4 ,proctor's ma/]y ( animal =m1 :e!r 9 equ9e or o!r %ape1 is c]ta91 pla91 delightful4 ,leav+ our horses = a mom5t1 :]e %all we f9d a 8,tyg]0 z t]rible & z 8burn+ bright0 z ! ,proctor ,gold5 ,tig] = ,pr9ceton1 a creature none ! less awe-inspir+ ?\gh se5 9 sph9x-l repose8 ,decid$ly1 ! man has ! gift = animals2 ,i %all nev] =get h[ "u ,mr4 ,proctor's playful influ5ce1 "o ( ! dulle/ & mangie/ kitt5s ,i ev] saw sudd5ly leap$ up into a miracle ( fel9e grace4 ,illu/ration3 ,,eque/rian ,,/atue ,,( ,,g5]al ,,%]man ,,by ,,augu/us ,,sa9t-,,gaud5s ,a g5ius = animals is f\nd r (t5 among u1 z befits a p ^: fa!rs s lately subdu$ ! =e/-born2 x is a gift z ri*ly special & z deeply innate z ! gift1 let u say1 = religi\s sculpture1 or = any o!r l(ty =m4 ,?r\gh ?is gift1 ,miss ,hyatt & ,miss ,g>d91 ,mr4 ,h>vey1 ,mr4 ,ro?1 ,mr4 ,pott]1 ,mr4 ,laessle1 ,mr4 ,san=d1 ,mr4 ,rumsey & _m o!rs h %[n u beautiful or t]rible or humor\s ?+s4 ,! pres5ce ( ! horse1 ! *eval1 easily gives ! au!ntic acc5t ( *ivalry to ! eque/rian portrait /atue1 z contra/$ ) its p$e/rian relative2 :ile 9 a "w imag9$ 9 ! mann] ( ! ,sa9t-,gaud5s ,%]man1 ! bea/1 ! man1 & ! embodi$ _s unite 9 an epical ensemble t appeals to ! ?\ghtful m9d4 ,"o ?9ks ( t simil> tr9ity ( ,e>?1 ,man1 & ,heav51 said to animate 9 humbl] guise e fl[] arrangem5t poetically %ap$ by ,japanese f+]s4 ,an arti/ic impulse s widely felt1 ?\gh n yet commonly reveal$1 holds out its promise = future creations 9 art4 ,at pres5t1 ! fact t ,re9hold ,begas 9 ,g]many & ,augu/us ,sa9t-,gaud5s 9 ,am]ica h lately us$ ?is motive 9 eque/rian art is p]haps unduly prohibitive = o!r sculptors4 ,true1 nei!r arti/ knew :at ! o!r 0 do+2 ,sa9t-,gaud5s 0 some:at tak5 aback on le>n+ ( ! ,begas design4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,relief1 ,,high ,,& ,,l[ ,i ,h[ summ>ize an art t %[s u sculptur$ =m1 n 9 ! fai?ful f\r-squ>e r\ndness ( fact1 b 9 a subtly *os5 & poetic projection ( fact8 ,= ! manife/ations ( ! _s ( relief are legion4 ,a relief ( a c]ta9 figure may h sc>cely ! ?ickness ( a fl[] petal1 or aga9 x may h an ev5 great] sali5ce ?an life itself4 ,all dep5ds ^u its purpose4 ,:5 ,i am told t ,mr4 ,aitk5 & ,mr4 ,mac,neil are mak+ "s /udies1 9 relief1 ,i d n "k :e!r ,mr4 ,aitk5 is at "w on ano!r l>ge eque/rian subject l t ( 8 ,george ,rog]s ,cl>k monum5t1 or :e!r he is devis+ "o ( 8 little m$allic ,pegasi su* z 8 ,watr\s m$al2 & ,i d n "k :e!r ,mr4 ,mac,neil is to give u a new co91 su* z 8 qu>t]-doll> ( a rec5t s]ies1 or a new memorial z impos+ z 8 milit>y monum5t at ,albany ) its s]ri$ /one w>riors 9 relief4 ,surely x is a ,protean art t c produce ! ,br5n] c5t1 ! ,we9man dime1 ! ,fras] ,victory m$al2 t c make ! ,sa9t-,gaud5s portrait ( ,/ev5son a suitable adornm5t = ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,giles 9 ,ed9burgh2 t c decorate ! faade ( ,/4 ,b>?olomew's 9 ,new ,york ) bronze portals cr[d$ ) figures ( ! apo/les & cr[n$ ) m>ble tympana ( ! sa9ts2 t may ev5 s]ve ! dynamic purpose ( ,rude's great ,*ant du ,d"p on ! ,p>is ar* & ! /atic maje/y ( ,cald]'s ,wa%+ton & ,mac,neil's ,wa%+ton pair$ on ! ,new ,york ar*4 ,:5 we rememb] all ! little co9s & m$als 9 ! _w1 & all ! ar*itectural ornam5t1 /ructural or o!rwise1 on ! build+s ( ! _w1 & all ! religi\s reliefs ( ,bible /ory su* z ^? t ,m9o & ! ,della ,robbias h left u1 & all ! patriotic & allegoric tales hoi/$ al(t into p$im5ts & spr++ up on ar*es1 x is cle> t relief sculptures va/ly outnumb] ! o!r sort4 ,h[ (t5 sculptors mu/ h hail$ relief z an escape f r5d]+ facts 9 ! r\nd1 to be se5 all ar\nd6 ,= commemorative portraiture 9 ! public squ>e1 ! future w probably make a wid] use ( high relief 7or ev5 ( l[ relief1 prop]ly fram$7 to take ! place ( ! portrait /atue1 (t5 ! result ( a purely automatic *oice4 ,& ! purely automatic *oice is n a *oice at all2 x is a habit4 ,,ii ,i am told on high au?ority t !re are _m p]sons :o ?9k t a bas-relief 9 sculpture is a =m result+ f an exactly proportion$ flatt5+ ( ! same subject 9 ! r\nd4 ,x is also dismay+ to f9d t !re are ^? :o w\ld inv5t a ma*9e :]eby on "s pr9ciple ( proportionate recession f ! eye a bas-relief c\ld be produc$ f a =m 9 full-bl[n dim5sions4 ,is n ! art ( sculpture already suffici5tly me*aniz$8 ,& surely a good look at a f9e relief %\ld dispel me*ani/ic illusions4 ,= 9 relief1 if n[h]e else1 live sculpture laughs at ! despotism ( ma!matics4 ,ev5 ! tyro 9 relief portraiture soon f9ds t he _c give ! human e> ! projection f backgr\nd t a proportional repres5tation w\ld dem&2 he sees t to d ?is w\ld exalt t :imsical volute beyond its m]its1 & div]t att5tion f o!r & p]haps m delightful1 m *>act]i/ic features ( a face4 ,if 8 portrait is 9 pr(ile1 z is n unlikely1 he discov]s t ?is pr(ile is 9 itself a v tell+ ?+1 & t he c make x int]e/+ or lively by s(t5+ a cont\r "h1 by h>d5+ x !re1 by lett+ x alone some:]e else1 by s9k+ or by rais+ p>ts ( 8 backgr\nd2 be=e long he has discov]$1 z ,egyptians & ,italians & ,fr5*m5 & ,am]icans be=e him h discov]$1 a ?\s& devices ( art1 n algebra1 t give 8 relief a look ( life & tru?4 ,9 %ort1 8 "w w nev] seem s false & s f> f sympa!tic z :5 its *ief quality is t x is topographically true 9 its proportionate flatt5+4 ,( c\rse ,i feel a%am$ to say su* ?+s baldly1 :5 s _m ( our ,am]ican bas-reliefs h said !m poetically4 ,my excuse is t my words may drive "s unbeliev] to look at ! works4 ,=1 z ! ,metropolitan ,museum's curator ( pr9ts lately said 9 an address1 8,art 9 ?is c\ntry doesn't ne$ to be talk$ ab\t2 x ne$s to be se540 ,illu/ration3 ,,wel* ,,monum5t ,,by ,,h]b]t ,,adams ,,iii ,someone promptly asks :at are ! rules ( relief4 ,b are rules ( mu* use "h8 ,rules ( relief are seldom m5tion$ by ! sculptor2 nev] until aft] !y h be5 pat5tly transgress$4 ,he has ( c\rse 8 /&>ds2 he all[s to 8 reliefs "s ( ! privileges ( pa9t+1 su* z p]spective & di/ance1 b he does n presume too f> ) ^! borr[+s1 le/ 8 "w lose its sculptural /yle4 ,a relief is l>gely a matt] ( innate arti/ic feel+1 z well z ( tra9$ ta/e4 ,& q z mu* z a "w 9 ! r\nd1 x tells ! p]sonality ( its mak]4 ,a ,sa9t-,gaud5s relief1 :e!r ! monum5tal bronze ,%aw1 or ! m>ble portrait1 slightly "u life-size1 ( ,mrs4 ,/an=d ,:ite1 or ! little r$uction1 8ab\t z l>ge z ! h& ( a *ild ( twelve ye>s10 made f ! bas-relief ( ! baby ,hom]1 reveals ! arti/'s temp]am5t1 %[s 8 pr9ciples & prejudices 9 art4 ,_m ( ?is ma/]'s pupils h made memorable reliefs 9 v>i\s /yles f m$allic to monum5tal4 ,! m$als & portrait-reliefs ( ,m>t9y1 ,flanagan1 ,fras]1 & ,we9man are well-kn[n4 ,less famili> to ! g5]al public because kept 9 private collections are ! admirable bronze or m>ble portrait-reliefs by ,frances ,grimes4 ,aft] ! me*anical r\gh+-out ( ! po9t+-ma*9e is ov]1 ,miss ,grimes h]self f9i%es all h] m>bles1 :e!r creat$ 9 ! r\nd or 9 relief4 ,%e does ?is (t5] 9 h] /udio ?an 9 ! ,sunday picture pap]s2 & because h] designs = m>ble are f _! fir/ rude beg9n+s 9 ! clay imag9$ ) a full realization ( _! f9al possibilities 9 m>ble1 !y naturally h an integrity n always atta9$ 9 ! "w ( sculptors unfamili> ) ! *isel4 ,,iv ,mo/ arti/s w\ld probably agree ) ,sa9t-,gaud5s t 8! great co9s are ! ,greek1 444 j z ! great m$als are ^? ( ! fifte5? c5tury by ,pisanello & ,sp]&io40 ,illu/ration3 ,,victory ,,m$al ,,by ,,james ,,e>l ,,fras] ,b he :o designs ! mod]n ,am]ican co91 h[ev] en?usia/ic he may be 9 8 admiration ( ! ,greek high relief ma/]pieces ( monet>y beauty1 mu/ take s]i\s & con/ant ?\ght ( ! curi\sly un-,greek conditions confront+ him4 ,8 co9 mu/ "w h>d] ?an ! ,greek co92 x mu/ 8/ack0 prop]ly2 x mu/ be /ruck 9 numb]s undream$ ( 9 ,hellas4 ,our difficult mod]n ideal calls alike = quantity & = quality4 ,comp>atively limit$ z 0 ! circulation ( our rec5t ,victory m$al1 f\r million copies 7 consid]$ necess>y4 ,"o ( ! good prec$5ts introduc$ by ,roosevelt1 9 consultation ) ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 0 t ( entru/+ ! design+ ( our co9s to our mo/ tal5t$ sculptors2 ! result+ improvem5t 9 our co9age1 on ! /hetic side1 has be5 "o ( our tw5tie?-c5tury triumphs4 ,& ! 8great m$als0 ,sa9t-,gaud5s lov$ are /ill influ5c+ ! m$allic art ( ! ,we/]n _w4 ,! c&or & w>m simplicity ( ,pisanello & ,sp]&io 7 p]haps lo/ sight ( dur+ ^? ye>s :ile ! e>li] ,fr5* ma/]-m$ali/s ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ,david d',ang]s1 ,oud91 & ,ponsc>me1 7 pav+ ! difficult way = a lat] & m sympa!tic fl[]+ ( ! m$allic art 9 ! h&s ( ,roty1 ,*apla91 & ,*>p5ti]4 ,b ! delightful quality ( ! ,r5aissance m$al 0 nev] m deeply appreciat$ 9 ,france ?an at ! "t :5 a goodly numb] ( our ,am]ican sculptors 7 /udy+ !re1 & %>$ 9 t appreciation2 & n[ t ! mod]n r$uc+-ma*9e all[s ! arti/ fully to develop 8 design = a m$al 9 a fairly l>ge size be=e br++ x )9 ! f9al small circumf]5ce1 x is c]ta9ly well = him to be> 9 m9d ! admirable results obta9$ by ! less sophi/icat$ quattroc5to me?ods4 ,nev] be=e has ! m$ali/ _h at h& z _m excell5t me*anical aids z at pres5t4 ,nev] be=e has he fac$ a great] ne$ ( rememb]+ ! value ( cl>ity 9 8 vision1 ( simplicity & s9c]ity 9 8 t\*4 ,"s ( our puri/s ma9ta9 t e m$al %\ld be model$ f fir/ to la/ 9 its ultimate size1 h[ev] try+ & meticul\s ?is task may be4 ,b does n su* /rictness d5ote a r rabid ho/ility to me*anical contrivances8 ,!re are m$als ^: intricate yet logical design c\ld h>dly be c>ri$ out by ! human h&1 no matt] h[ skilful1 )9 ! n>r[ limits ?us prescrib$4 ,( ?is type is ! plaquette design$ by ,sa9t-,gaud5s z a tok5 ( gratitude to all :o took "p 9 ! ,masque ( ! ,gold5 ,b[l1 (f]$ to him on a fam\s anniv]s>y4 8,)9 its h>moni\s oblong are %[n ! columns & ! blaz+ alt> & ! ,greek seat t figur$ 9 ! sc5e1 fram$ by ! prosc5ium ar* ( great ,new ,engl& p9es1 & by ! /age-curta9s cr[n$ ) masks inv5t$ by ! joy\s fancy ( ,maxfield ,p>ri%2 bel[ is ! triumphal *>iot2 &1 z a symbol ( ! love t prompt$ ! pageant1 !re /&s by ! alt> ! w+$ figure ( ,amor1 :o has borr[$ ! lyre ( ,apollo4 ,! names ( ! sev5ty figurants are beautifully inscrib$1 mak+ a decoration = c]ta9 spaces 9 ! backgr\nd2 ?is feature1 naturally priz$ by ^? :o receiv$ ! m$al1 0 made possible by model+ ! orig9al on a l>ge scale4 ,"h is no hodge-podge ( unrelat$ symbols1 b a beautiful & lov+ly consid]$ arrangem5t ( deeply significant ?+s4 ,we associate ) x ! same sculptor's ,columbus m$al-obv]se1 & _m r$uctions1 9 plaquette =m1 f 8 portrait reliefs4 ,:ile delight+ 9 ! conceptions ( antiquity & ( ! ,r5aissance1 ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 m ?an any o!r ma/] ( 8 day1 made a fai?ful /udy ( all ! conditions ( ! mod]n portrait relief40 ,illu/ration3 ,,plaquette ,,by ,,augu/us ,,sa9t-,,gaud5s ,! fact t ?is sculptor n only priz$ ! bas-relief =m1 b also a*iev$ a beautiful orig9ality 9 x has ( c\rse turn$ _m ,am]icans to ! same pa? ( expression4 ,x is "o ( ! delightful ways 9 :i* model+ c take an occasional half-holiday f ! facts ( =m4 ,,*apt] ,,viii ,,( ,,g>d5 ,,sculpture ,,& ,,ornam5t,a ,i ,visitors 7 /&+ by ! f\nta9 9 ! g>d5 ( a sculptor2 & "s "o 0 ask+ him :at 9 8 op9ion 0 ! mo/ beautiful mat]ial to model 94 ,! que/ion] probably _h 9 m9d clay1 wax1 /one1 metal & o!r solid sub/ances2 b ! sculptor answ]$ quickly3 8,wat]4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! :ole _w s m>vel\s to manipulate z wat]40 ,a gleam ( creative rapture lit 8 face4 8,%all ,i %[ y my #8,veil ( ,mi/8' or w\ld y r see my #8,jewel$ ,elm-,tree8'0 ,a ,?is *apt] is l>gely a repr9t1 p]mitt$ ?r\gh ! c\rtesy ( ! ,am]ican ,magaz9e ( ,art4 ,!re are few sculptors :o h n be5 fasc9at$ at "o "t or ano!r by ! design+ ( f\nta9s1 ) _! prim>y int]e/ ( sculpture & _! second>y my/]y & magic ( wat]2 :e!r ( /ill wat]1 ) its mirror$ pictures ( blue sky1 d>k trees1 _m-color$ fl[]s & sun-fleck$ walls2 or ( g5tly dropp+ wat]1 sugge/ive ( leisure & repose2 or ( leap+1 fla%+1 danc+ wat]1 hypnotic ev5 )\t copp] or silv] balls toss$ up & d[n2 or ( wat] br\ght f af> 9 gr&iose cascades or canals1 z 9 ! g>d5 art ( ! ,villa d',e/e1 ! ,villa ,lante1 ,v]sailles1 & ,sa9t ,cl\d2 or ev5 ( wat] turn$ at great co/ to wondr\s b>oque inv5tions = dr5*+ ! unw>y by/&]1 z 9 ! ,villa ,aldobr&9i4 ,=tunately1 at ! pres5t h\r1 ! practical joke 9 f\nta9s is out ( date2 & !re is a gr[+ use ( f\nta9s z memorials1 ei!r /ately or intimate1 ei!r 9 public squ>es or 9 private g>d5s4 ,sett+ aside ! innum]able pots1 urns1 s>cophagi & o!r 8conta9]s0 = trees1 %rubs & fl[]+ plants1 ! l>g] "p ( our g>d5 sculpture c5tres ab\t wat] & its works4 ,besides ! m or less impos+ figure f\nta91 ) its bronze boys1 dolph9s1 fauns1 nymphs1 ,n]eids1 ,tritons1 turtles & o!r h>dy p]5nials ( ! aquatic imag9ation1 !re are tanks1 res]voirs1 ba?+ pools1 all no less practical if t\*$ ) "s sugge/ion ( ! sculptor's art2 !re is ! bas9 ( ! well-kn[n pozzo type1 fl[]+ out into putti1 corpul5t or lean1 b5d+ "u _! swags ( foliage & fruit2 !re is ! little wall-f\nta91 borr[$ f ! lavabo ( ,r5aissance *ur*es1 & de> to ! c>eful g>d5]1 repl5i%+ f x ! gre5-pa9t$1 f9e-sn\t$ wat]+-pot kept sacr$ to 8 t9y se$l+s4 ,!n !re is ! wat]-sp\t1 ready ) its witty ^w ( grotesque1 & ! ra9wat] pipe-head1 9 :i* ,engli% lead-"w ( ! sixte5? & sev5te5? c5turies display$ a vigor\s & int]e/+ art4 ,!re is ev5 ! bird-ba?1 t mod]n inv5tion ( ! nature-lov]1 s9ce today1 ?\gh we pr(it by _m ( ! g>d5 ideas ( ! ,r5aissance1 we d n imitate ^? ,si5nese gallants :o ti$ bl9d$ ?ru%es to ! dw>f ilex & cypress1 to decoy w+$ creatures = conv5i5t g>d5 %oot+4 ,! tw5tie?-c5tury bird-ba? lures birds to life r ?an to dea?1 z is %[n 9 a decorative bronze by ,annette ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 :o has repres5t$ ^u x *>act]s 9 ,p]cy ,mac,kaye's bird-masque1 ,sanctu>y4 ,! masqu+ _s is afoot ^! days ) new opportunities = sculpture2 ! outdoor /age1 n[ no v uncommon feature 9 private g>d5s & groves1 %[s a reta9+ wall & o!r b\nd>ies ready = suitable sculptural acc5t by means ( /atues1 ,h]m1 vases1 masc>ons or g>l&s4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bac*ante ,,by ,f4 ,w4 ,,macmonnies ,z n e day is fit = v]se1 s n e arti/ is gift$ ) ! happy h& = design+ g>d5 =ms4 ,x is a temp]am5tal matt]2 g5]ally ! note %\ld be t ( joy1 or at lea/ ( s]5ity4 ,mr4 ,mac,monnies's ,bac*ante & 8 ,boy ) ,h]on long ago set ! p]fect pace ( gayety = ,am]ican g>d5s4 ,& today1 :at gladd] creature ?is side ( ,arcady c y f9d ?an ! ,mac,monnies ,duck ,baby8 ,unless x is ,edi? ,b>retto ,p>sons's laugh+ ,*ild ) ,turtle1 or else "o ( ,miss ,scudd]'s engag+ imps ( ,frogl&4 ,"s ( our mo/ accompli%$ sculptors h delight$ u ) _! g>d5 art4 ,h[ exquisite is ! graci\sness ( ,john ,gregory's kneel+ ,philomela1 a /atue lately design$ = ! bird-g>d5 ( ,mrs4 ,payne ,:itney6 ,no figure 9 rec5t ye>s has seem$ m orig9al & allur+ ?an ?is 8bli! _s0 consid]+ ! wond] ( h] p9ions4 ,illu/ration3 ,,f\nta9 ,,figure ,,by ,,janet ,,scudd] ,! g>d5 sculptor %\ld h above all a true dramatic in/9ct = ! rle 8 "w is to play 9 ! g>d5 ensemble--a f9e relation-s5se :i* w by no means clip ! w+s ( 8 design4 ,y c n make pleasure-sculpture out ( accurate lett]-(-!-law nature-copy+ alone4 ,9 a f\nta9 figure1 = example1 ) its silh\ette se5 "u v>y+ conditions1 today dr5*$ ) sun & tomorr[ dripp+ ) wat]1 all accord+ to w9d & wea!r1 surely ! arti/ has mu* to consid] aside f in*-by-in* anatomical model+4 ,sculptors "k ?is1 b sometimes =get x1 :5 once laun*$ out on ! simple joy ( 8copy+ a morceau40 ,"h we t\* a great difficulty 9 our art education4 ,9 spite ( all ! *att]$ tomfooli%ness ( ! h\r1 ! fact rema9s t = mo/ arti/s1 ! s*ool tra9+ is ! beg9n+ ( wisdom4 ,x is n a goal1 b a />t+-po9t2 x gives firm gr\nd = future creative flights4 ,yet no h\se c be well built ( f\ndation-/uff alone4 ,! s*ool provides a f\ndation1 & some?+ ( a gr\nd-floor besides1 b ! arti/ himself mu/ build 8 own upp] /ories4 ,he mu/ create 8 own p]sonal syn!ses 9 art1 ) ! help ( ! repeat$ analyses practis$ by him 9 s*ool4 ,& n[ comes 8 p]il\s mom5t2 to survive1 he ne$s "t & opportunity4 ,! mo/ advanc$ type ( arti/ic tra9+1 t (f]$ by our ,am]ican ,academy 9 ,rome1 does n beg9 & end ) ,h\don's 8,copiez t\j\rs10 b all[s = contemplation1 = self-communion1 = ! p]sonal syn!sis1 & = ! ex*ange ( ?\ght betwe5 sculptor1 pa9t] & ar*itect1 s t ea* may und]/& ! o!r's aims4 ,am]ican art today ne$s all ! mell[+ & broad5+ influ5ces t bo? ! contemplative & ! communicative _s c be/[4 ,mr4 ,man%ip's figures & gr\ps1 ) _! ri* inv5tions ( ra9b[-w+$ fancy1 are "h to prove t ! ,academy is n an ogre1 ^: *ief delight is to cru% p]sonal g5ius4 ,b human frailty does n easily "p ) its incurably romantic ideas ( a fabul\s mon/]2 ! public dem&s a scape-goat2 x w\ld r ?an n believe 9 ! ,evil ,eye2 & ! mood ( ! mom5t1 ) ! injudici\s1 is to *>ge all unt[>d influ5ces 9 art to "s ,gryphon ( an ,academy1 ( :i* little is kn[n1 & ev]y?+ suspect$4 ,,ii ,mean:ile1 ,mr4 ,man%ip f ,rome & ,mr4 ,mc,cartan 9 ,new ,york h bo? prov$ 9 _! "w t !y n only "k h[ to model ! nude & compose a /atue1 b1 :at is f> m r>e1 t !y c 8h&le ornam5t40 ,n[ ornam5t is (t5 reg>d$ z b5ea? ! notice ( ! new-fl$g$ sculptor1 :ile z a matt] ( sad fact1 x is m likely to be q beyond 8 p[]s2 & ?is is p>tly because he lacks inv5tion1 & p>tly because he is )\t k ( ! rhy?ms ( design2 n he>+ ! music1 8 m9d _c m>*4 ,g>d5 sculpture z well z sev]e monum5tal =m calls con/antly = ! light t\* or ! /rong arm ( ornam5t4 ,not+ our ,am]ican lack 9 ?is direction1 ! ,society ( ,beaux ,arts ,ar*itects1 9 cop]ation ) ! ,national ,sculpture ,society1 has be5 at pa9s to in/all 9 ,new ,york ateli]s 9 :i* ! ornam5t-model]1 z di/9ct f ! sculptor1 may s]i\sly /udy 8 art4 ,& :5 an arti/ l ,mr4 ,mc,cartan designs & models ! exquisite ornam5t se5 ^u 8 ,b>nett ,prize ,f\nta91 a new hope is brea!d into ! ef=ts ( ^? :o w\ld improve our ,am]ican /&>ds 9 arti/ic craftsman%ip1 & break d[n ! /upid b>ri] betwe5 arti/ & artisan4 ,some:]e 9 ! unkn[n lies a va/ cont95t ( design-=ms n yet t\*$ by any ,columbus--a weal? ( fauna & flora n ( ! ,acropolis or ! ,roman ,=um or ! ,go?ic ca!dral1 b ak9 to ,greek & ,go?ic 9 beauty & p[]2 & ! _w is wait+ = ^! new good ?+s4 ,,iii ,giv5 our g>d5 f\nta91 ) or )\t its ornam5t1 :at m natural ?an a coign ( vantage f :i* to enjoy x8 ,! ex$ra1 z introduc$ to u long ago by ,mc,kim1 ,:ite & o!r ar*itects1 has be5 eag]ly adopt$ by g>d5 lov]s4 ,a belov$ spot at ,aspet1 ! ,sa9t-,gaud5s e/ate1 holds 9 ! f> di/ance a blue sky1 a blue m\nta9 & a lordly cre/ ( purple p9es2 9 ! middle di/ance is a magic /ret* ( simple grass1 :ile ne> at h&1 & flank$ by a rosy trac]y ( ole&] blossoms1 a gold5 god ,pan pipes to ! sev5 gold5 fi%es sp\t+ wat] into a gre5-ve9$ :ite m>ble bas91 rectangul> 9 =m4 ,fac+ ?is1 & %ad$ by p9es1 hemlocks & silv] bir*es1 is a great :ite ex$ra1 plann$ n on ! usual curve b on ! ?ree sides ( an oblong1 & %[+ 9 relief1 on ! end ( ea* w+1 an ivy-cr[n$ faun1 by ,l\is ,sa9t-,gaud5s4 ,two giant t]ra-cotta vases1 made 9 ?is c\ntry f ,italian orig9als1 /& at ! entrance to ! p]gola t g>l&s ! 8old /udio02 9 an upp] g>d51 a bronze ,n>cissus leads ! eye t[>d ! h\se1 ) its :ite balu/rade acc5t$ by graci\s heads ( ! ,seasons4 ,"s ye>s ago1 ,i saw 9 ! g>d5 ( a sculptor an ex$ra ) outl9es pleas+ to ! eye1 & com=table to ! anatomy4 ,! mat]ial 0 concrete1 t fir/ aid to ! g>d5-mad & _! dome/ic sculpture4 ,inquiry br\ght out ! fact t ! cont\r _h be5 e/abli%$ by ! sculptor's actual sitt+ d[n1 9 propria p]sona1 9 a r\ghly %ap$ mass ( fre% concrete4 ,to use ! human frame z a h]oic model+-tool1 or templet1 /ruck me at t "t z a delightfully unique idea 9 sculpture2 today1 ) s _m arti/s ke5 = ! que]1 x w\ld d\btless seem a m]e commonplace2 "o might ev5 be glad t ! human templet 0 n us$ upside d[n1 9 ! pursuit ( novelty4 ,b to speak ju/ly1 our g>d5 sculpture has n succumb$ to ! idea t que]ness is high] ?an beauty1 & a %ock to ! spectator a ri*] arti/ic a*ievem5t ?an 8 delight4 ,g>d5 art 9 our c\ntry is no long] 9 its infancy1 & n yet 9 its decad5ce4 ,accept+ ! broad pr9ciples ( ,italian g>d5 design1 7su* z ! treatm5t ( ! g>d5 z a place to live 91 ! h>moniz+ ( ! h\se ) ! g>d51 & ! adaptation ( bo? to climate & l&scape7 x does n today admit ! b>oque pu]ilities ( ! hydraulic practical joke1 or ! grotto ( me*anical toys & mon/]s4 ,=tunately1 mu* ( our l&scape g>d5+ is 9 ! h&s ( true arti/s1 :o employ ! be/ res\rces ( o!r days1 & ! g5ius ( mod]n sculptors4 ,among ! olde/ inhabitants ( g>d5s are ! ,h]m1 or b\nd>y gods1 once us$1 x is said1 to def9e limits ( l&1 b n[ fre$ f t dull task1 to be set up 7s+ly1 or 9 pairs1 or 9 r[s7 :]ev] f\nd desirable1 z to acc5t a t]race1 or to flank a flight ( /eps4 ,! v>iety ( type is inf9ite2 male & female1 ^! t]m9al deities are ! *orus 9 ! gr& op]a ( g>d5 sculpture1 ! only rule laid ^u !m be+ t !y mu/ play ! f\rsqu>e po/ bel[ ! wai/1 & look pleasant above4 ,m>ble is _! be/ dress1 b !y may ) good effect we> t]ra-cotta 9 ! pal] tones2 a mat]ial well adapt$ also = ! legion ( great decorative pots1 r\nd or squ>e1 t 8help s0 9 g>d5s ei!r intimate or impos+4 ,_m g>d5 own]s collect 8antiques10 delightful en\gh ev5 ?\gh "s ( !m1 l wom5 & music1 are p]haps bett] left undat$4 ,r5aissance s>cophagi are put to ! *e]ful uses ( p9k g]aniums2 capitals & fonts & well-heads bubble ov] ) all sorts ( bloom+ ?+s4 ,9 ! sun-dial1 little reg>d$ by ! ,lat9 temp]am5t1 b de> z ! lawn itself to ! ,britannic imag9ation1 ! ,am]ican sculptor has a subject t _c be accus$ ( ali5 orig94 ,associat$ *iefly ) ,engli% l&scape art1 x nev]!less may 8m>k only happy h\rs0 9 m =mal surr\nd+s4 ,h>riet ,fri%mu? & ,br5da ,putnam are our mo/ lately laurel$ diali/s2 bo? h be5 successful 9 adapt+ ! well-model$ human figure to ?is =m ( g>d5 sculpture4 ,alas1 t 9 e human ef=t %[n out-(-doors1 ! climate has always ! la/ ^w6 ,good old ,horace1 grumbl+ impressively ab\t ! h>d w9t]s ( ,tibur1 w\ld f9d 8 s&al$ toes %rewdly nipp$ 9 a ,corni% g>d5 on ! ,ides ( ,decemb]1 ) ,m]cury's w+$ heel q capable ( hitt+ well bel[ ! z]o m>k4 ,9 ,italy1 ! too? ( "t is n a bad sort ( model+-tool2 x has c>v$ a veil ( illusion = triviality1 & has giv5 a new grace to ?+s already beautiful4 ,b 9 our nor!rn latitudes1 ! too? ( "t does n model2 x ravages & corrodes1 (t5 ) incr$ible swiftness1 & due w9t] precautions mu/ en%r\d our g>d5 sculpture4 ,! "q ( mat]ial is ev] ) u4 ,bronze endures1 b turns d>k2 m>ble is fair1 b frail4 ,9 ! doory>d ( _m an ,am]ican arti/1 home-gr[n miracles h be5 wr\ght f cem5t4 ,i recall *>m+ t5nis b5*es1 ) ornam5t$ ends2 a wall-f\nta9 ) reliefs ( satyrs2 "s great vases enri*$ ) ! own]'s coat-(-arms1 & ca/ 9 a ?ree-piece mold2 & num]\s bas9s1 po/s1 balu/rades & /eps4 ,b tr[el-sculpture has its limitations1 & ! "q ( durability has n yet be5 fully answ]$ by ! ye>s4 ,p]haps1 at "s future day1 sci5ce w co-op]ate ) art1 & produce = ! g>d5 sculptor a mat]ial z easily model$ z t]ra-cotta1 z exquisite z m>ble1 z impressive z granite1 & z durable z bronze4 ,until !n1 we mu/ manage z be/ we c ) ! mat]ials ! anci5ts _h1 ?\gh "u climatic conditions m favorable ?an ours2 & we may at lea/ note ) ?ankfulness t 9 g>d5 art z 9 all ?+s annihilation has its uses4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,( ,,small ,,bronzes ,,& ,,great ,,crafts ,i ,ak9 to ! faculty = creat+ g>d5 sculpture is ! gift = design+ ^? 8small bronzes0 9 :i* ,am]ican connoisseurs are n[ tak+ a happy int]e/4 ,! g5]al public also is be+ made famili> ) ! be/ ( ^! pieces2 a result rea*$ ?r\gh ! initiative ( ! ,national ,sculpture ,society & ! en?usiasm ( our ,am]ican ,f$]ation ( ,arts 9 s5d+ out travel+ exhibitions ( small bronzes to v>i\s cities4 ,! small bronze may be ei!r a pot5tially p]fect r$uction f "s full-siz$ ma/]piece1 z 9 ! well-kn[n ,sa9t-,gaud5s reliefs r$uc$ f l>g] orig9als2 or x may on ! o!r h& be design$ f ! />t 9 ! ultimate size4 ,bo? types are excell5t4 ,am]ican sculpture today c\nts scores ( arti/s ) a sure & delightful t\* = ! latt] type4 ,"s ( our wom5 sculptors h creat$ little ma/]pieces 9 ?is intimate & fri5dly =m4 ,bessie ,pott] ,vonnoh is an ackn[l$g$ lead] "h2 "o might say t %e is ! orig9ator ( an ,am]ican g5re1 9 :i* small size does n = a mom5t imply ei!r a trifl+ imag9ation or a petty r5d]+4 ,i well rememb] ,mr4 ,h[ells's en?usiasm = ,bessie ,pott]'s figur9es :5 !y 7 fir/ %[n at a ,new ,york exhibition4 ,_! au!ntic ,am]ican note captivat$ him4 8,^!10 he decl>$1 8are real creations 9 sculpture40 ,! same may be said ( ,miss ,eb]le's vivid gr\ps & figures f /reet & fireside & door/ep2 !y h ! *>m & integrity ( folk-lore tales told 9 a pla/ic m$ium4 ,animal =m1 z 9 ! days ( ,b>ye & ,frmiet1 easily disports itself 9 ?is field4 ,miss ,hyatt1 ,mr4 ,ro?1 ,mr4 ,laessle & o!rs press all ! imag9able joys ( ,la ,fonta9e's fables )9 ! cont\rs ( _! bronze goats & be>s1 tig]s1 turkeys1 & elephants4 ,l ! fables !mselves1 ^! bronzes are classics1 z 9 ! /rict] s5se1 ! delightful gr\ps ( ,man%ip & ,j5newe9 are classics4 ,g5]ally speak+1 we d n l a look ( toil & endeavor 9 our small bronzes2 we want some?+ spontane\s1 :e!r graceful or humor\s4 ,well & good4 ,yet "h aga9 is a real dang]2 anyone :o has _h ! sob]+ privilege1 ye> by ye>1 ( review+ ! rank & file ( little pla/ic works pres5t$ = exhibition kn[s v well t _m ( ^! pieces utt]ly lack ! solid qualities ( con/ruction1 workman%ip & an und]/&+ ( nature's detail4 ,,ii ,"o ( ! bright] possibilities ( ! small bronze design$ 9 its ultimate size is t x may well be ca/ by ! cire p]due process4 ,t "n is n altoge!r a happy "o1 because 9 tru? less ( ! sculptor's p]sonal t\* is 8lo/0 by ?is me?od ?an by ! s& process ( bronze ca/+4 ,by ! lo/ wax me?od1 x's ! sculptor's own fault if !re's any?+ wrong ) ! wax figure z x leaves 8 h&s4 ,a mold made ( a composition suitable = endur+ ! subsequ5t impact ( molt5 metal is !n built up directly on ! wax figure1 :i* has ( c\rse its insoluble core4 ,?is /\t mold or %ell1 closely envelop+ e knob & crevice ( its wax k]nel1 is subject$ to heat2 ! wax is ?us melt$ out2 &1 if all is well1 an absolutely p]fect space is left beh9d x1 betwe5 core & %ell1 ready to receive ! r$-hot bronze4 ,! cire p]due process !oretically avoids all unseemly seams1 all ill-jo9$ jo9ts4 ,at its be/1 x approa*es p]fection2 & su* "w is z well done 9 our c\ntry z any:]e on e>?4 ,illu/ration3 ,,c5taur ,,& ,,dryad ,,by ,,paul ,,man%ip ,! small bronze has !n its two sep>ate manife/ations4 ,x may pres5t itself ei!r z a r$uction f "s mu* l>g] "w wor?y ( wide recognition & own]%ip1 or z a spontane\s fir/-h& (f]+ ( a sculptural ?\ght well-suit$ = expression )9 mode/ conf9es4 ,9 ei!r %ape1 its co/ is n prohibitive = _m ( our private citiz5s z well z = our museums4 ,! cause ( art & ! delights ( possession are advanc$ side by side4 ,,iii ,:e!r we look at a little book-end be> 9 bronze1 or at a h]oic eque/rian /atue 9 bronze & /one1 or at a colossal monum5t 9 granite or m>ble1 ! importance ( f9e craftsman%ip is evid5t4 ,! arti/ is ! la/ p]son 9 ! _w :o c af=d to und]rate ! craftsman4 ,n long ago 9 read+ an essay on lit]>y criticism1 ,i 0 confront$ ) ?is impressive qu]y3 ,:at has ! navel done = mod]n life8 ,( c\rse mod]n lit]ature 9 its desire to be impressive asks _m curi\s que/ions ( ! read]1 b ?is "o ab\t ! navel seem$ unduly wide ( ! m>k4 ,i 0 di/urb$ until ,i sudd5ly p]ceiv$ t ! pr9t] _h us$ an a = an o2 ! luckless au?or _h meant to ask ab\t ! novel1 n ! navel4 ,b ! arti/ 9 words suff]s less (t5 at ! h&s ( 8 help+ craftsman ?an does ! arti/ 9 pa9t or clay4 ,! sculptor 9 p>ticul> runs grave risks4 ,ev5 ! =ces ( nature conspire aga9/ him2 ! fair-fac$ m>ble hypocritically hides h] blemi%es until weeks ( c>v+ lay !m b>e4 ,ev5 *emi/ry betrays him2 ! bronze t %\ld be p]fect ev]y:]e has p]haps a spongy place or a 8t9 spot0 or a trea*]\s seam j :]e x does ! greate/ possible damage to 8 /atue4 ,"o ( ! advantages ( ! anci5t appr5tice sy/em 0 t ! beg9n] 9 art c\ld le>n all ! tricks1 & n only ! tricks b ! v s]i\s difficulties ( ! v>i\s trades t help to br+ ! arti/'s "w to completion4 ,our ,am]ican sculpture1 :i* aft] all began timidly en\gh z a k9d ( craftsman%ip1 has at c]ta9 p]iods ( its immaturity =gott5 ! importance & dignity ( ! crafts on :i* x dep5ds = a fair pres5tation4 ,bronze ca/+ has inde$ advanc$ greatly ?r\gh ! fact t mod]n sculpture has become l>gely an expression 9 clay1 to be made p]man5t 9 bronze2 sculptors h dem&$ good ca/+1 & !y h obta9$ x4 ,9 g5]al1 ! sculptors ( ! _w are no long] ma/]s :o release f /one1 ei!r h>d or s(t1 ! image circumscrib$ )94 ,to rea* _! results1 !y d n z a rule />t f ! assumption ( ,mi*elangelo1 z ,symonds translates x3 ,! be/ ( arti/s ha? no ?\ght to %[ ,:i* ! r\gh /one 9 its sup]flu\s %ell ,do? n include3 ,!y look on _! "w z a build+-up 9 clay1 r ?an z a cutt+-d[n 9 /one4 ,well1 :y n8 ,if ! ^w pla/ic keeps its old mean+ ( some?+ %ap$1 & glyptic its mean+ ( some?+ c>v$1 surely ! sculptor may )\t reproa* *oose 8 approa*2 always provid$ t ?is approa* is ! "o be/ suit$ to ! matt] 9 h&4 ,b ev5 "h1 *anges are already visible4 ,on bo? sides ( ! ,atlantic a few sculptors are h>k+ back to ! f9e old ,go?ic tradition :i* animat$ ,mi*elangelo1 t _s :o 0 at once a late fruit ( ! ,go?ic & a great fl[]+ ( ! ,r5aissance4 ,p]haps we owe to ,rod9 ?is mod]n return f pla/ic to glyptic8 ,at any rate1 ! movem5t is b lightly sket*$1 except z se5 9 "s ( ! enorm\s monum5ts ( ,middle ,europe1 & 9 p>ticul> 9 ! p[]ful works ( ! ,s]bian ,me/rovic1 z well z 9 ^? ( rec5t insurg5t foll[]s ( ,rod94 ,an odd fact is1 t "s ( ^! la/1 9 seek+ ! titanic1 h atta9$ ! ,teutonic1 especially :5 _! !ory ( de=mation has betray$ !m4 ,&1 ( c\rse1 any new /yle1 vital or n1 w bre$ new errors4 ,criticism has _h ( late a t5d5cy to scold sculptors = n see+ ?+s z ,mi*elangelo did1 or z ! arti/ ( 8,le ,beau ,s\rire de ,reims0 did4 ,x is p]haps surpris+ t ! eloqu5t m$ival craftsman%ip suitable = ,ca5 /one or lime/one1 & beautiful 9 its place1 has n attract$ a l>g] int]e/ & a wid] exp]im5t among u4 ,h[ev]1 ,miss ,h(fman has j complet$ an important & unusual ,w> ,memorial 9 ,ca5 /one4 ,mr4 ,mac,monnies's great ,wa%+ton monum5t at ,pr9ceton is ( lime/one1 mo/ ?\ghtfully c>v$1 & n at all 9 ! impetu\s new mann]2 x may prove to be a =]unn] ( o!r ambiti\s ent]prises 9 ?is mat]ial4 ,b ours is an unk9d climate4 ,! sculptur$ =ms ( ,italy & ,france h n _h to endure ! extreme *anges ( heat & cold well-kn[n "h4 ,we h int]e/+ v>ieties ( m>ble & granite1 & h made b a beg9n+ 9 ! exploration ( _! possibilities z adapt$ to our wea!r4 ,a v beautiful tradition 9 m>ble-cutt+ has be5 built up 9 our c\ntry by ! ,piccirilli family1 six bro!rs among :om are di/+ui%$ sculptors & di/+ui%$ craftsm54 ,_! output1 :i* includes bo? _! own orig9al works & _! fai?ful r5d]+s 9 /one ( ! works ( o!r sculptors1 is kn[n ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry1 & has inspir$ good craftsman%ip4 ,?us 9 ! major crafts ( bronze ca/+ & ( m>ble-cutt+1 ,am]ican sculpture is fairly =tunate today4 ,9 ! "o1 we h come a long way f t fir/ attempt 9 #ahdg2 9 ! o!r1 we h craftsm5 :o = l>ge "w to be se5 at a di/ance c suffici5tly well translate into /one ! sculptor's f9i%$ models4 ,we h also = our salvation a few sculptors1 :o1 l ,*e/] ,bea*1 are peculi>ly gift$ 9 wre/+ f ! m>ble1 & ) _! own h&s1 _! own visions4 ,b ,mr4 ,bea* is diff]5t aga9 f mo/ ( 8 contempor>ies1 9 t he is successful 9 8 comm& ov] all ! f9al mat]ials 9 :i* a sculptor's "w may be pres5t$1 :e!r t]ra-cotta1 /one1 or bronze4 ,) a mod]n & highly int]e/+ vision ( beauty1 & ) an absolute und]/&+ ( ! pr9ciples ( sculpture1 ?is arti/ respects bo? ! art & ! craft ( sculpture4 ,sometimes x w\ld seem t ! f9] ! arti/1 ! f9] 8 appreciation ( craftsman%ip4 ,( c\rse if "o 7 to judge by ! pictures 9 ! ,sunday supplem5ts1 all sculptors c>ve _! m>bles !mselves2 !y seem to d little else4 ,t is n true1 alas4 ,c]ta9ly a busy sculptor may well save himself = o!r matt]s besides r\gh+-out a block ( m>ble4 ,b a s]i\s sculptor w g5]ally wi% to give ! f9i%+ /rokes1 few or _m1 a matt] ( weeks or ( mon?s1 to any m>ble "w t leaves 8 h&s4 ,9 mod]n /one-cutt+1 ! pneumatic tool is inde$ a miracle-work]2 & = t v reason1 x be>s con/ant wat*+ f ! sculptor ^: "w x translates4 ,mr4 ,john ,kir*may]1 an arti/ 9 ! field ( wood-c>v+1 has describ$ 9 a rec5t article ! mis*ief wr\ght = ?is art by too great a dep5d5ce on ! ma*9e1 a dep5d5ce t atrophies ! native g5ius ( ! craftsman4 ,8 c\nsel is ! same t all arts & crafts mu/ foll[3 ,use ! ma*9e b d n abuse x4 ,:5 ! *eap5+ ( production means ! debas+ ( ! product1 x is "t = art & ! ma*9e to "p company4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,national ,,sculpture ,,society ,o!r gifts besides ^? commonly ackn[l$g$ z ! arti/'s peculi> possession are ne$ful if ! advancem5t ( art & ! /atus ( ! arti/ are to be fitly assur$4 ,^! o!r gifts belong$ to ! pa9t] ,morse :5 9 def5d+ ! int]e/s ( art-/udy he play$ 8 important "p 9 f\nd+ our ,national ,academy ( ,design 9 #ahbe4 ,!y belong$ to ! arti/s :o1 9 esp\s+ ! cause ( ! "y ,sa9t-,gaud5s half a c5tury lat]1 broke away f ! ,academy to =m ! ,society ( ,am]ican ,arti/s4 ,!y belong$ also to ^? lat] spirits :o1 p]ceiv+ ! weakness ( t disunion1 manag$ someh[ to ga!r ! ,society back into ! bosom ( ! ,academy1 to ! *a/5+ ( bo? factions4 ,& !y belong 9 good measure to ,mr4 ,f4 ,w4 ,ruck/ull1 an ,am]ican sculptor ( widely recogniz$ ability1 :o 9 #ahic1 ) ! help ( ,mr4 ,*>les de ,kay & o!rs1 0 =emo/ 9 assembl+ ! body s9ce kn[n z ! ,national ,sculpture ,society4 ,mr4 ,ruck/ull & ! o!r *>t] memb]s _h no p]sonal tocs9 ( revolt to s\nd2 !y simply saw1 z intellig5t arti/s & citiz5s1 t _! art & _! c\ntry ne$$ su* an organization1 8to spread ! k ( good sculpture40 ,to beg9 )1 sculpture is n easy to exhibit4 ,f> m ?an any liv+ pa9t] has ev] ackn[l$g$1 x suff]s acutely f unfri5dly light+4 ,! old prov]b t good sculpture looks well any:]e ought to be am5d$ to add1 x looks its be/ only 9 its *os5 light & space4 ,sculpture's appetite = space1 at times mode/1 is at times illimitable4 ,! ,academy1 always h>d-press$ = space 9 its annual exhibitions1 _c af=d to give up l>ge well-lit areas = sculptures ( h]oic size4 ,! ,ar*itectural ,league is hospitable t[>d sculpture1 b1 ! aims ( ?is body be+ _m & div]se1 x c]ta9ly _c favor ! sculptors above all o!r com]s4 ,once 9 a :ile1 if n (t5]1 our sculpture %\ld be %[n "u ! happie/ conditions4 ,aga91 sculpture1 ev5 m ?an pa9t+1 has active contacts ) ! worlds ( gov]nm5t1 :e!r municipal1 /ate or f$]al2 x %\ld be able to pres5t itself ) ! au?ority naturally ve/$ 9 an honor$ gr\p ( exp]ts4 ,& sculptors1 q z mu* z pa9t]s & ar*itects1 mu/ /& toge!r le/ p]sonal int]e/ wrong ! g5]al good1 & le/ individuals fall into misund]/&+s ei!r among !mselves1 or ) ! public1 to ^: intellig5t op9ion !y1 l o!r citiz5s1 mu/ commonly submit4 ,! ,society1 f\nd$ 9 #ahic1 & incorporat$ 9 #ahif1 has _h f ! fir/ an extraord9>ily vivify+ influ5ce 9 matt]s ( sculpture4 ,x has labor$ = ! public good1 9 h>mony ) v>i\s private committees1 ) ,municipal ,art ,commissions1 & ) ! ,f$]al ,commission ( ,f9e ,arts4 ,its fir/ presid5t1 ,john ,qu9cy ,adams ,w>d1 believ$ en?usia/ically 9 its "w & de/9y4 ,8 fir/ annual report emphasizes ! fact t its 8reputation w be e/abli%$ by its de$s1 n by empty promises40 ,9 ! ,society's second ye>1 ,w>d 0 call$ ^u1 9 association ) ,w>n] & ,sa9t-,gaud5s1 to give c\nsel z to ! sculptural decorations = ! ,libr>y ( ,congress1 ! ar*itecture ( ?is build+ be+ at t "t 9 ! h&s ( ,edw>d ,p4 ,casey4 ,mr4 ,casey %[$ a f9e zeal 9 gett+ ! be/ possible sculpture = ! ,libr>y2 besides ! usual /ructural ornam5t1 8 s*eme call$ = f\nta9s1 ?ree pairs ( bronze doors1 & = a circle ( twelve impos+ bronze /atues by almo/ z _m sculptors4 ,! results 7 9 g5]al v happy1 & at once e/abli%$ a high /&>d4 ,& ?is is important1 because ! f9e public build+ enhanc$ by sculpture is ( s]vice 9 ! progress ( art1 z we see f ! ,brooklyn ,museum1 ! ,new ,york ,public ,libr>y1 ! ,clevel& ,c\rt ,h\se4 ,among ! 8de$s0 =e%ad[$ by ,mr4 ,w>d 7 c]ta9 memorable exhibitions ( sculpture1 ent]prises ( g5u9e value to ! community4 ,^! exhibitions 7 wisely & en?usia/ically arrang$ 9 collaboration ) l&scape ar*itects & flori/s2 beautiful works fitly %[n prov$ a surprise & a joy to bo? public & connoisseurs4 ,! public 0 rem9d$ t sculpture is a liv+ art1 ) roots & bran*es2 t x is n d$icat$ entirely to p$im5ts1 portrait /atues1 & o!r monum5tal gr&eurs2 & t sculptur$ =ms may *>m ! eye ( ! home-mak] & ! g>d5-lov]1 9 intimate possession4 ,9 #ahii ,*>les ,r4 ,lamb1 a *>t] memb]1 born ) a vision ( ! ,city ,beautiful & work+ always t[>d ! realization ( t great dream1 conceiv$ ! ?\ght ( ! ,dewey ,ar* z a dignifi$ free-w (f]+ f our sculptors1--an (f]+ t w\ld take a c5tral & beautiful "p 9 ,new ,york's public tribute to ! h]o ( ,manila4 ,t idea someh[ captur$ ! fancy ( ,mr4 ,lamb's fell[-arti/s4 ,imm$iately & unres]v$ly1 !y gave !mselves to ! sculptural decorations ( ?is ar* & its approa*es2 ,mr4 ,w>d1 full ( ye>s & honors1 set ! pace by 8 vigor\s design = ! cr[n+ gr\p ( ,naval ,victory4 ,x 0 rightly said t ! names ( ^? sculptors :o d$icat$ !mselves to ?is ,ar* con/itut$ a roll ( honor4 ,! result ( _! labors 0 impressive beyond expectation4 ,! ,dewey ,ar*1 ?\gh a tempor>y /ructure1 lives 9 our remembrance2 x is vivid 9 our annals z an example ( :ole-he>t$ arti/ic co-op]ation2 x gave a prec$5t = our lat] hi/oric trans=mation ( ,fif? ,av5ue into ! ,av5ue ( ! ,allies1 an ent]prise to :i* our sculptors once m devot$ _! gifts4 ,^! r\s+ mascul9e ge/ures ( civic pride h a value4 ,at ! v lea/1 !y keep ! _w f fall+ into ! belief t ,fif? ,av5ue is no m ?an a bright %op :]e beautifully pa9t$ fl[]-face girls *oose endless bubbles ( adornm5t1 only to spe$ away self-reg>d+ yet unsatisfi$ on _! tiptoe silv]y %oes4 ,x is true t ( late !re has be5 grumbl+ z to ! *oice ( any ar* z a monum5tal =m fitt$ to express ! tribute ( our citiz5s to patriotism4 ,?is disapproval is sometimes w>rant$1 sometimes m]ely sup]ficial4 ,! ar*1 z we %all d\btless see )9 ! next g5]ation1 has its own place 9 our "t2 collaboration betwe5 sculptor & ar*itect has nev] be5 bett] und]/ood ?an at pres5t4 ,to reject an ar* because x ob/ructs traffic1 because x is out ( scale1 because x does n fit its surr\nd+s1 because x is ne$lessly magnific5t1 because x does n express ! emotion x pret5ds to express1--all ?is is v wise1 & important :5 true4 ,b is x n /upid to reject ! ar* j because ! ,romans lik$ x8 ,h[ev]1 discussion z to ! value ( ! ar* 9 our com+ ,w> memorials is beside ! m>k 9 look+ back on ! ,dewey ,ar* z a f9e example ( arti/ic co-op]ation4 ,a valuable activity has be5 ! s5d+ out ( small sculptures on t\r ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,comm5t+ on ! univ]sal public ne$ ( some?+ ) increas$ beauty to replace ! /ory-tell+ ,rog]s gr\ps ( o!r days1 a presid5t ( ! ,society wrote 9 #aiac3 8,! "t 0 ripe :5 "s f\r ye>s ago ! ,national ,sculpture ,society c>efully select$ & s5t out z a travel+ exhibition ne>ly two hundr$ small bronzes :i* made a circuit ( ! museums 9 "s eight or t5 ( ! important cities4 ,! responsive int]e/ 0 z imm$iate z x 0 unexpect$1 & ?\s&s ( p gave expression to _! pleasure 9 see+ :at _h h>dly be5 kn[n to exi/4 ,9 ,*icago alone1 ov] ?irty ?\s& p]sons visit$ ?is fir/ exhibition4444 ,?is ye>1 "u simil> auspices1 & ! managem5t ( ! ,pittsburgh ,art ,society1 ano!r collection ( entirely diff]5t bronzes is pass+ f "o museum to ano!r1 & meet+ ! same w>m reception f ! public40 ,e/abli%$ 9 ,new ,york1 ! ,society has prov$ by "w ( ?is k9d t x is truly ,national 9 its aims4 ,e>ne/ inquiries & knotty problems are s5t to x f all qu>t]s ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,at "o "t x w be ask$ to 8prep>e ! program = ! competition = ! #ajj1jjj ,am]ican ,baseball ,monum5t40 ,aga91 x w be f\nd consid]+ ! "q1 8,:at w x co/ to produce #cj1jjj m$als )9 ?ree weeks80 ,only a great moral e>ne/ness jo9$ to a k ( art & "s acum5 9 judg+ human nature c prop]ly answ] "s ( ! qu]ies submitt$4 ,! ,society's pr(essional memb]%ip includes ne>ly all p]sons 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates :o practise ! art ( sculpture ) dignity & m]it2 x is safe to say t any r5[n$ sculptor rema9+ alo( f ! organization is an individuali/1 d\btless ) a cong5ital di/a/e = organiz$ ef=t4 ,! ,society's lay memb]%ip is an unusually l>ge & di/+ui%$ gr\p1 made up 9 ! ma9 ( dis9t]e/$ lov]s ( art4 ,9 addition to ! prov]bial rew>d ( virtue1 ! lay memb]s receive f "t to "t "s tangible s\v5ir1 su* z a small bronze design$ by a sculptor memb]1 or a monograph4 ,^! tok5s occur (t5 en\gh to atte/ good w1 b n s (t5 z to lose ! *>m ( ! unexpect$4 ,! li/ ( pr(essional memb]s reveals a surpris+ly l>ge numb] ( names ( wom54 ,x w be rememb]$ t ,mr4 ,w>d1 t figure ( virility p]sonifi$1 cordially invit$ wom5 sculptors to become memb]s ( ! ,society1 & to jo9 9 ! delib]ations ( ! c\ncil-table4 ,*e/]ton1 9 8 /ory ( ,victorian lit]ature1 has emphasiz$ ! importance ( wom5 writ]s 9 ! developm5t ( ! ,engli% novel4 ,9 our c\ntry1 ! importance ( wom5 engag$ 9 sculpture z a ga9ful occupation has /eadily increas$ dur+ ! pa/ half-c5tury4 8,ent] ! race10 said ,mr4 ,w>d1 8ask+ no odds60 ,commissions = /atues 7 once giv5 to wom51 x mu/ be confess$1 out ( :at ,dr4 ,johnson might call 8,pure ignorance1 ,madam40 ,h[ o!rwise c we expla9 ! spectacle ( our *ivalr\s ,congressm5 entru/+ to a girl ( fifte5 ! mak+ ( a /atue ( ,l9coln8 ,x is inde$ said t 8all ! great sculptors ( ! p]iod submitt$ models1 b t ! committee1 aft] c>eful /udy1 decid$ t ! model ( ! little ,ream girl surpass$ all o!rs40 ,! *ild surely _h g5ius2 %e _h ! fur!r advantage ( quiet half-h\rs ( /udy ( ,l9coln f life4 ,b to-day1--well1 x isn't suppos$ to be done6 ,?anks to ! ,national ,sculpture ,society1 su* competitions are at pres5t g5]ally conduct$ ) ev5-h&$ ju/ice4 ,n[adays1 wom5 :o receive really important sculptural commissions are expect$ to des]ve !m out ( ! fullness ( exp]i5ce4 ,9 #aiaa1 ,i 0 unwise en\gh to write1 apropos ( ! monum5tal eque/rian /atue1 t ?is field 0 = man's work+1 & t x w\ld n 9 ! ne> future (f] any v l>ge place aux dames4 ,b x *anc$ t ! fif? c5t5>y ( ,jeanne d',arc fell due soon aft]1 & ,miss ,hyatt1 pay+ no att5tion to my grotesque obs]vation1 began "w on h] eque/rian /atue ( ! ,maid4 ,r>ely has any su* /atue be5 /udi$ ) z f9e a vision ( ! relative claims ( art & ar*ology4 ,9 #aiae1 ,miss ,hyatt's "w 0 unveil$ on ,riv]side ,drive4 ,x is "o ( ! be/-lov$ monum5ts 9 ! city ( ,new ,york2 & f ! day ( its unveil+1 ,i h =sworn prophecy4 ,o!rwise1 ,i might be tempt$ to add t at pres5t1 giv5 ! tradition ( appr5tice%ip /ill keep+ its la/ /ronghold 9 "s ( ! /udios1 & giv5 ! ease ) :i* assi/ance may be obta9$ = ! rud] manual labor1 !re is no reason :y wom5 may n be tra9$ to solve ) success ! usual sculptural problems4 8,because !y are consci5ti\s1 & because !y h imag9ation10 7 ! reasons giv5 by a sculptor :o employ$ wom5 assi/ants4 ,! ,national ,sculpture ,society's ideals1 to be valuable & endur+1 mu/ conc]n !mselves ) ! e?ical z well z ! arti/ic side ( v>i\s que/ions br\ght be=e ! body4 ,on ! e?ical side1 x has1 n )\t inh]5t difficulties1 e/abli%$ its ,code gov]n+ ,competitions1 ! ,code itself be+ gov]n$ by ! ,society's av[$ pr9ciple ( fo/]+ art ) integrity4 ,ye> by ye>1 ! good "w ( ?is ,code is %[n by ! l>g] cl>ity ( purpose & ( /atem5t1 & ! l>g] consci5ti\sness 9 endeavor n[ expect$ alike f committees1 competitors1 & juries ( aw>d4 ,"s ( ! ?\ghtful ideali/s ( ! ,society h long wi%$ t x c\ld und]take z "p ( its "w an ent]prise t might prove ( untold value 9 ! arts4 8,if in/ead ( wrangl+ s long & s devot$ly ov] our ,code10 said "o ( ^! ideali/s1 8we c\ld h giv5 ! "t to e/abli%+ a work%op = sci5tific exp]im5ts ) our v>i\s mat]ials1 :at imm5se practical good might h be5 accompli%$6 ,b x w\ld take money1 m money ?an our ,society has ev] _h at its disposal40 ,! field = su* exp]im5t is b\ndless4 ,sci5ce prop]ly appli$ c\ld help ! sculptor at e /ep4 ,?9k :at x w\ld mean to ! sculptor if he _h a pla/ic mat]ial :i* by ! magic ( *emi/ry c\ld be at once conv]t$ into an imp]i%able mat]ial1 exactly z x leaves 8 h&s2 or if ! metallurgi/ w\ld f9d him an alloy ( metals :i* w\ld take on1 or ev5 hold1 a beautiful pat9e :5 expos$ to our atmosph]e2 or if ! *emi/ c\ld expla9 "s ( ! /range antics & prev5t ! misbehavior ( t g-betwe51 common pla/]1 :i* plays su* a vital "p 9 a sculptor's "w f ! clay model to ! f9al m>ble or bronze4 ,pla/] is indisp5sable1 9 spite ( its %ortcom+s2 c\ld n ?is lifeless1 *alky /uff be trans=m$ into a sub/ance bo? durable & int]e/+8 ,& m>ble1 t sov]eign among mat]ials1 is !re no way by :i* its f9e :ite cry/als c\ld be made to take on o!r tones ?an ^? nature has giv58 ,! que/ions are legion4 ,) ! amaz+ advance ( practical *emi/ry )9 ! la/ few ye>s1 _m ( !m might be def9itely settl$ by sci5tific exp]im5t4 ,x is to be hop$ t 9 ! ne> future ! ,national ,sculpture ,society w acquire its ne$$ rese>* work%op1 & put out publications ( ! results obta9$1 s t sci5ce may assi/ art z g5]\sly z 9 an allegory ( mural decoration4 ,we h spok5 ( ideali/s4 ,no memb] ( ! ,society has prov$ himself a m practical ideali/ ?an ,mr4 ,lorado ,taft1 long an en?usia/ic tea*] ( ! model+ classes at ! ,*icago ,art ,in/itute1 & to-day a =ce = art n only 9 ! ,middle ,we/1 b ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,mr4 ,taft is ! sculptor ( ! ,black ,hawk monum5t1 ! gr&iose f\nta9 ( ,"t1 & o!r works well-kn[n inde$1 b n because he himself 9 8 ?\s&s ( lectures & 9 8 two important books on sculpture has ev] tak5 ! opportunity to adv]tise 8 own tal5t4 ,! fact is ironic1 ev5 grotesque2 by voice & p5 ,mr4 ,taft has = ye>s disclos$ ! m]its ( all sculpture save 8 own4 ,less] arti/s ?an himself h be5 g5ially int]pret$ 9 8 vivid & consci5ti\s expositions4 ,8 public s]vice = sculpture1 a s]vice n[ widely welcom$1 0 begun 9 ! ,middle ,we/1 a "p ( our c\ntry :i* because ( its e>ly settlem5t by ,am]icans1 ,g]mans1 & ,sc&9avians ( enlight5$ /ock1 0 e>ly int]e/$ 9 arti/ic endeavor1 & :i* today has "s ( our /ronge/ art s*ools & museums4 ,n[h]e else c\ld 8 "w h be5 begun s usefully4 ,z sculptor1 travel]1 lectur]1 writ]1 ,mr4 ,taft gives himself ) unfail+ ze/ to t fir/ av[$ object ( ! ,society1 8to spread ! k ( good sculpture40 ,dur+ ! ,_w ,w>1 & ?r\gh\t ! subsequ5t p]iod ( /riv+ to wre/ _w bett]m5t out ( _w bewild]m5t1 ! ,society has rema9$ active 9 its *os5 "w4 ,! ,spr+ ( #aiah saw ! op5+ by ! ,metropolitan ,museum ( a p]man5t exhibition ( contempor>y ,am]ican sculpture2 & to quote f a ,bullet9 ( t "t1 ,mr4 ,fr5*1 ! honor>y presid5t ( ! ,society1 8to ^: gallant initiative & untir+ endeavor ! success ( ! und]tak+ is l>gely due1 is z truly an ,am]ican patriot z if he 7 a v "y man ) a v new rifle1 n[ gaz+ eag]ly t[>d ! coa/ ( ,france40 ,rob]t ,aitk5 & ,%]ry ,fry1 sculptors already di/+ui%$ 9 _! pr(ession be=e s]v+ abroad ) our ,army1 h d\btless ?r\gh _! milit>y exp]i5ce ga9$ some?+ ( value to !m z arti/s & z citiz5s4 ,by ! dea? ( ,h>ry ,?ra%]1 kill$ ne> ,rheims1 ! ,society has lo/ "o ( its promis+ memb]s2 "o :o1 hav+ ri*ly pr(it$ by 8 advanc$ /udies at ! ,am]ican ,academy 9 ,rome1 seem$ at ! outbreak ( ! ,w> to /& on ! ?re%old ( high a*ievem5t 9 art4 ,^? :o knew him well h said t 9 8 "w z a sculptor1 v>i$ ?\gh ?is 01 8 g5ius 0 se5 at its be/ 9 spaci\s & h]oic conceptions1 & t _h he be5 sp>$1 ! h]oic w\ld h be5 z fully express$ 9 8 art z x has be5 express$ 9 8 life & its f9al sacrifice4 ,! rec5t untimely dea? ( ,solon ,borglum1 an arti/ 9 :om a w9n+ p]sonality 0 jo9$ to integrity ( purpose & orig9ality ( outlook1 0 d\btless ha/5$ by h>d%ips met dur+ 8 devot$ s]vice 9 ,france4 ,su* m5 well illu/rate ! hope ( ! ,national ,sculpture ,society z to ! quality ( its memb]%ip2 z sculptors & z citiz5s1 !y gave !mselves to _! art & to _! c\ntry4 ,9 ! /imulat+ opportunity = exhibition (f]$ to ,am]ican sculptors ?r\gh ! c\rtesy ( ! gr\p ( le>n$ ,societies h\s$ 9 /ately fa%ion 9 upp] ,broadway1 ! ,national ,sculpture ,society desires once m to %[1 9 a cr$itable mann] & to a disc]n+ public1 ! beauty & s]viceabl5ess ( ! art its memb]s practise4 ,broadway at #aef? ,/reet is unlike any o!r ,broadway 9 ! _w4 ,! air is f9] & cle>] !re ?an else:]e1 yet n too f9e & good = human nature's daily brea?+4 ,v hospitable are ! t]races & gall]ies ( ! ,hispanic ,society1 ! ,numismatic ,society1 ! ,am]ican ,academy ( ,arts & ,lett]s1 ! ,am]ican ,geographical ,society1 ! ,heye ,f\ndation4 ,! ,national ,sculpture ,society c\nts on a dignifi$ sett+ su* z x has nev] be=e enjoy$1 toge!r ) a sympa!tic collaboration su* z x has always appreciat$1 to a*ieve a wor?y revelation ( sculptur$ =m4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,influ5ces1 ,,go+ ,,& ,,com+ 8,quid quisque vitet1 nunquam hom9i satis cautum e/ 9 horas40 ,i ,sometimes we talk z if ! pres5t /ate ( ?+s 7 a sort ( t]m9us2 z if by _m roads we _h at la/ rea*$ ,rome4 ,w\ld x n be wis] to look ^u ! ,olympian ,wa%+ton & ! ,adams ,memorial & ! lately-discuss$ ,civic ,virtue z s _m figures m>k+ /ations ( a j\rney by no means f9i%$8 ,we h _h compet5t lead]s 9 ! imm$iate pa/ ( our sculpture2 is !re any?+ 9 our ,am]ican way ( life & our ,am]ican view ( art t w prev5t our hav+ compet5t lead]s 9 ! future8 ,we are too close to t "q to answ] x1 beyond say+ t we are full ( hope4 ,& art is "o ( ^? matt]s conc]n+ :i* despair is crim9al4 ,c]ta9ly ! *aos result+ f ! ,_w ,w> is n z yet suffici5tly trans=m$ = ! wise/ to "k f :at ,ark1 high & dry on :at ,ar>at1 w issue ! new hopes ( all mank9d4 ,we c only cry out ) ,galswor?y1 n yet are !re en\gh lov]s ( beauty among u4 ,our introductory *apt] not$ ) "s emphasis ! fact t ?r\gh ,jeff]son's h&s ! realism ( ,france & ! idealism ( ,italy came to ! aid ( our new-born pla/ic art4 ,h\don happ5$ to be a great] sculptor ?an ,canova2 x 0 our good =tune t we _h ,h\don at all4 ,& ,jeff]son drew ! curta9 = a /eadily unfold+ act 9 ! drama4 ,s9ce 8 day1 ,france & ,italy h always be5 our *ief allies 9 our sculpture4 ,because ( ?is1 & because ( ! ,roman orig9 ( mo/ ( ! ,briti% culture our e>ly settl]s br\ght ) !m1 br$ 9 ! bone1 x foll[s t ! ma9 curr5t ( ,am]ican sculpture1 9 ?\ght1 9 feel+1 & ev5 9 workman%ip1 has be5 f$ f ! b\ndless /reams ( ,m$it]ranean civilization4 ,n[ & aga91 a ,celtic influ5ce1 a ,g]man influ5ce1 a ,sc&9avian influ5ce has made itself felt1 = bett] or = worse4 ,ea* new influ5ce z x comes we %all prize = :at x is1 aft] ! gloss or %ock ( novelty is worn (f4 ,ea* may h an importance we c b guess at4 ,sa9t-,gaud5s 0 deeply consci\s t he _h receiv$ 8 legacy ( arti/ic s5sitiv5ess q z mu* f 8 ,iri% "m z f 8 ,fr5* fa!r1 born 9 ,s\!rn ,france n f> f ^? sculptur$ m\nta9s on :i* _m a ,fr5* poet & arti/ op5$ infant eyes4 ,p]haps ,celtic glamor 0 all t made 8 vision ( man some:at diff]5t f t ( _m ( 8 comrades at ! petite cole1--j diff]5t en\gh to give 8 lat] "w a *ance at immortality1 :ile ! images !y %ap$ _h to g back dumb to ! clay-pit aga94 ,x is a great gift1 ! ,celtic eye1 ?\gh mak+ small boa/ ( see+ ?+s /eadily & see+ !m :ole2 ah1 no?+ s prosaic z t6 ,celtic melan*oly & ,celtic mir? raise up a k9d ( %imm]+ ra9b[-du/ ?r\gh :i* an image is se5 9 glori\s p>ts2 & ,celtic exasp]ation loves /ir m ?an /ead9ess4 ,b ! plodd]s ne$ ! se]s2 & ev] s9ce ! "t ( ,craw=d & 8 ,pa/ & ,pres5t ( ! ,republic1 our sculpture has be5 grac$ & enliv5$ by _m a ,mac & ,o2 nev] m s ?an to-day4 ,! ,wr5 epitaph fits !m ev5 dur+ _! lifetime3--,circumspice4 ,s 9 our c\ntry z 9 ,brita91 ! ,scotti% & ! ,iri% & ! ,wel% /ra9s 9 ! blood key up ! ,engli%-speak+ peoples 9 _! arts ( vision & expression4 ,yet :5 all su* ?+s are said1 7& mu* m might be said1 ) unmann]ly talk ( 8creep+ ,saxons0 & ! l7 ! fact rema9s t ! future art ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates is ev5 less easy to =ekn[ ?an t ( ! ,briti% ,isles2 & ?is because ( :at we call our 8melt+-pot0 population1 ) all its b5efits & drawbacks1 its clamor\s & conflict+ ideals 9 art & 9 morality4 ,! great ,am]ican alembic is /ill see?+4 ,new] =ces ?an any t h come f ,brita9 & ,france & ,italy are n[ /irr+ "h4 ,:at ( ^!8 ,mr4 ,sloane1 9 8 address on ! sculptor ,w>d1 rem9d$ u ( ! sl[ evolution ( sculpture1 ( ! long j\rney betwe5 ! ,memnon & ! ,h]mes1 ( ! swift] travel betwe5 ,greek art & our own1 & ( our rec5t return1 n only to ! classic1 b to ! ori5tal4 ,t inquir+ look t[>d ! ,ori5t1 a corn] ( ! e>? always rev]$ 9 occid5tal art1 0 nev] s g5]al z at pres5t4 ,"s "t ago1 ! /udies ( our sculptors at ! ,am]ican ,academy at ,rome l$ !m to ! ea/]n bord]s ( t ri*ly intricate rim ( ! ,m$it]ranean bas92 a rim f :i* we are /ill pluck+ jewels ( hi!rto unimag9$ spl5dor1 su* z ^? ( ,tut-ankh-,am5's tomb4 ,b be=e press+ /ill f>!r ea/w>d1 let u glance a mom5t at ! famili> influ5ces ( rec5t =mative ye>s4 ,,ii ,we diff]5tiate too rudely if we say (fh& t ,am]ican sculpture has le>n$ its art f ,france1 its craft f ,italy4 ,! tru? _c be told s simply z t4 ,= in/ance1 ! ,piccirillis1 ,am]ican arti/s & craftsm5 ( ,italian ance/ry1 are b a few out ( _m tal5t$ ,am]ican sculptors ( ,italian bir?4 ,aga91 we w5t to ,france = lessons 9 ca/+ bronze1 z well z 9 mak+ our weekly 8bonhomme0 at ! cole4 ,yet = ! :ole ,we/]n _w ( sculpture dur+ ! pa/ =ty ye>s1 ! /ronge/ g5]al influ5ce has be5 t ( ! ,fr5* s*ool1 & ! /ronge/ s+le influ5ce t ( a ,fr5*man alo( f ! s*ool1 ,augu/e ,rod94 ,no ?9k+ s5sitive p]son :o uses clay to %ape 8 visions & e>n 8 liv+ has fail$ to feel ,rod9's influ5ce2 x is already s deeply imb$d$ 9 consci\sness t _m ( ^? :o mo/ imitate ?is ma/] are lea/ aw>e ( s do+4 ,x w\ld be a mi/ake to suppose1 because ! %\t+ is ov]1 t ?is p[]ful influ5ce has :olly wan$4 ,we h spok5 ( ! uses ( collaboration4 ,b !re are s\ls t w\ld p]i% r ?an collaborate4 ,"s ( ^! belong 9 ! ranks ( g5ius1 o!rs are di/9ctly due else:]e4 ,( ! =m] class 0 ,rod91 nev] will+ or able to subject himself to any ar*itectural tradition4 ,ev5 :ile writ+ ( ,rod9's consi/5t refusal ( collaboration1 ,i he> ! ironic voice ( ,m4 ,anatole ,france1 a vet]an 9 "o art speak+ ( a vet]an 9 ano!r3 8,et surt\t1 av\ons-le1 il collabore trop avec la cata/rophe40 ,& he adds1 ) t sp>kle ( malice vet]ans all[ !mselves b n o!rs to use :5 speak+ ( vet]ans1 8,il abuse du droit de cass] ce qui1 dans une uvre1 e/ mal v5u40 ,accord+ to ,m4 ,france1 ,rod9 collaborates1 & ev5 too mu*2 n ) ar*itecture1 z a m conv5tional s\l might1 b ) ar*itecture's logical opposite1 cata/rophe4 ,x is m fruitful to dwell on ! gifts ( g5ius ?an on its limitations2 yet ! limitations also mu/ be not$1 :5ev] bl9d wor%ip confuses defects ) qualities4 ,x 0 a limitation 7& s ! ,socit des ,g5s de ,lettres f\nd x7 t ,rod9 c\ld n br+ himself to any ar*itectural conception ( 8 ,balzac3--,balzac1 m ar*itecturally m9d$ ?an ev5 ! ,engli% noveli/ ,h>dy2 ,balzac1 :o w n let y once look at ,pre ,goriot until y h a cle> und]/&+ ( ! plan & elevation ( ! sordid p5sion :]e ! poor man lives2 ,balzac1 :o jeal\sly hides ,eugnie ,gr&et f y until y h ma/]$ e ar* & cornice ( ! gloomy mansion t %elt]s h]2 ,balzac1 :o insi/s t y mu/ "k p]iod & /yle & gall]ies & w9d[-glass ( la maison ,claes be=e y c pe] at ,madame ,claes4 ,balzac built 8 novels t way because to 8 m9d man's ar*itecture is "p ( 8 life1 8 fate1 8 rle 9 ! ,comdie ,huma9e4 ,s :at ,rod9 did lack$ basic fitness4 ,9 t portrait /atue1 ! ,rod9 ( x 0 m preci\s to him ?an ! ,balzac ( x2 he c\ld make no compromise4 ,n[ an advanc+ civilization w make its honorable compromises2 & x seems to me t ,sa9t-,gaud5s's way ( lett+ ! significant w9ds & waves play ab\t ! ar*itectural p$e/al or deck t ,f>ragut be/rides is m civiliz$ ?an ,rod9's f> simpl] way ( lett+ ! magnific5t head ( 8 ,balzac em]ge f mon/r\s %apelessness to spl5dor4 ,! ,balzac looks spl5didly begun1 ! ,f>ragut spl5didly br\ght to completion4 ,!re is inde$ a *>m 9 ?+s greatly begun4 ,su* ?+s sugge/ ! untam$ glory ( ! human _s1 & give skyey space = ! behold]'s imag9ation to dip its w+s 94 ,! poore/ ( u 9 look+ at !m c at lea/ conjecture1 if n create4 ,& a v pres5t refuge = ! sculptor is t lump ( m>ble :i* says no?+ b sugge/s mu* 9 ,rod9's portraits ( wom51 & 9 _m ( 8 ideal gr\ps ) c]ta9 surfaces ( s(t fle% exquisitely c>v$ 9 _! em]g5ce f ! h>d /one4 ,^? melodi\s modulations ( light & %ade 9 fle% are ,rod9's secret2 "h 8 g5ius is =ev] happy4 ,t woman's m>ble back1 = in/ance2 "o ?9ks t if "o %\ld t\* x1 ! sk9 w\ld yield & pale & r$d5 aga94 ,rod9 himself1 9 8 talk ( 8 own "w & ( ! classic ma/]pieces he lov$1 con/antly uses ! ^w 8esprit0 r ?an 8*air10 & f 8 po9t ( view !re is no inconsi/5cy 9 t4 ,gratefully we ackn[l$ge t ?is ma/] has %[$ ! wond]s ( bo? fle% & _s4 ,x 0 well = ,am]ican sculpture to applaud bo? triumphs4 ,:at next8 ,next1 !re 7 c]ta9 mann]isms bett] left unle>n$ by our /ud5ts2 = example1 t use ( l>ge extremities1 a *oice ann\nc+ a heal?y abhorr5ce ( prett9ess4 ,we h se5 9 our l& _m a ,b]?a ,broadfoot & _m a ,hel5 ( ! ,l>ge ,h& creat$ by ^? :o _h n ,rod9's excuse = ?is avoidance ( conv5tional proportion2 !y 7 n reveal+ ! sc>ce-f9i%$ new be+s ( ,p>adise1 or ! muscul> /rid+ bulk ( a ,john ! ,bapti/ 9 ! wild]ness4 ,!re is yet ano!r mann]ism fil*$ by admir+ disciples2 p]haps x is some?+ less sup]ficial ?an a mann]ism4 ,we ne$ n take ,m4 ,france too s]i\sly :5 he says ( ,m4 ,rod91 8,il me smble ignor] la sci5ce des ensembles40 ,x is a say+ fitt] to live 9 ! fl[ ( talk ?an to be embalm$ 9 pr9t2 yet x draws blood1 too1 ) its prickly edge ( tru?4 ,rod9's ensembles are 8 own1 n ^? ( sane tradition2 8 imitators' ensembles are (t5 pitifully less good ?an ^? ( ei!r ,rod9 or ! s*ool4 ,t is s]i\s6 ,at ! pres5t mom5t1 _m ,am]ican ,w> monum5ts are 9 ! mak+2 too _m1 p]haps1 are ca/+ away collaboration & tradition4 ,_! creators seem unaw>e t !y are "u an influ5ce2 !y ?9k !y are %[+ orig9ality1 prea*+ ! gospel ( simplicity1 & 9 a really messianic way1 call+ ar*itecture to rep5tance4 ,b1 n[h]e is ! ar*itectural conception ( "w m necess>y ?an 9 a new c\ntry4 ,)\t t conception1 ^! ,unit$ ,/ates w\ld be bespr9kl$ ) productions ri*] 9 ! "o virtue ( individuality ?an 9 ! _m virtues ( ord]1 unity1 h>mony1 an und]ly+ s5se ( natural evolution & cont9uity4 ,our civilization is n yet jad$1 & does n yet ne$ prick+s t[>d v>iety4 ,= ,am]ican sculpture1 ! lesson ( ,rod9's g5ius1 z di/9ct f ! lesson ( ! s*ool1 is t ( ! titanic conception & ! exquisite morceau1 b n t ( h>moni\s collaboration4 ,mean:ile1 x is *e]+ to see t ! s+ul> doctr9e ( de=mation di/ill$ 9 ,france by vigor\s mod]n foll[]s ( ,rod9 is at pres5t neglect$ "h2 :5 we turn mod]ni/1 z sometimes happ5s1 we *oose ! pa? ( ab/ractions1 seek+ p]haps ,ep/e9's 8=m t is n ! =m ( any?+10 r ?an =m amplify+ itself into ugl9ess1 9 defiance ( classic balance & measure4 ,9 fact1 a rec5t piece ( ! new poetry1 writt5 ab\t a rec5t piece ( ! new sculpture tells u t 8! immaculate conception ( ! inaudible bird occurs 9 gorge\s retic5ce40 ,gorge\s retic5ce is p]haps pref]able to gorge\s loquacity4 ,,iii ,= a long "t1 & )\t conspicu\s success1 ,mr4 ,h[ells tri$ to %[ 8 fri5ds ! beauty ( ,russian realism4 ,app>5tly mu* ( ! ,am]ican appreciation t did n g out to ,turg5ev 0 be+ sav$ = ,*ekhov1 & = ^? lat] reali/s ^: writ+s *ime ) ! discords & disillusions ( ! 8expressionism0 n[ mak+ itself felt 9 v>i\s arts4 ,bo? "h & 9 ,engl&1 ! ,russian influ5ce is visible 9 lit]ature4 ,b sculpture is sl[] ?an lit]ature to accept ! exotic2 sculpture's magi/]ial weight & bulk1 & its suppos$ p]man5ce1 help to make x m self-conta9$ & less m]curial 9 its reactions4 ,& inde$ all ! ,russian influ5ce our sculpture has hi!rto met has be5 ( ! ,gallic v>iety2 ,tr\betskoy's brilliant ple9airi/e model+ is z ,fr5* z ,m>ie ,ba%kirtseff's pa9t+4 ,mean:ile1 ,russian peasant drama is hav+ its brightly color$ successes "h1 9 our ri*e/ ( ,am]ican cities1 especially among ^? ( our intellig5tsia :o c af=d ! price ( admission1 or :o z critics make _! liv+ by apprais+ novelties 9 art4 ,s9ce ,am]ican criticism is (t5 creat$ by y\? & = y\?1 its v>i\s impregnable positions %ift ) a rapidity t has a c]ta9 advantage = a li/5+ public2 no "o :o is guid$ by a y\?ful ,m5tor ne$s to rema9 long 9 any "o error4 ,b ,heav5 =bid t y\?1 & mo/ ( all op9ion-%ap+ y\?1 %\ld ab&on a g5]osity ( outlook t[>d =eign products ( ! m9d6 ,to speak s]i\sly1 x w be int]e/+ to "k j h[ ! increas+ ,slavic elem5t 9 our population w influ5ce our c\ntry's arts 9 g5]al1 & our self-conta9$ art ( sculpture 9 p>ticul>4 ,:5 a tea*] ( art rem>ks1 9 "s dubiety1 8,s _m ( our /ud5ts h names t end 9 #8sky'10 ! only gallant retort is1 8,x is our bus9ess to be sure t !y make no worse end ?an t40 ,n ! lea/ ( art's problems "h 9 ,am]ica is t univ]sal ,am]ican problem ( ! unassimilat$ ali54 ,optimi/s & pessimi/s c unite 9 "o op9ion2 t our late/ immigrants1 no less ?an ^? ( ! ,mayfl[]1 h c]ta9 native qualities t ne$ alt]ation = ! b5efit ( ! human race4 ,! ,puritan has alt]$ = ! bett]4 ,lat] com]s mu/ d likewise4 ,"s ( ^! h a f> h>d] task ?an ! ,puritans1 ) less ability to p]=m x2 b !y h inf9itely m help4 ,mr4 ,john ,corb91 9 "o ( 8 p5etrat+ /udies ( dramatic art1 has po9t$ out 8two /ages ( ,am]ican prov9cialism40 ,"o /age rejects all =eign culture2 ! o!r embraces any?+ =eign1 provid$ t x is abundantly subv]sive ( dome/ic ideals & labors & atta9m5ts4 ,bo? /ages are ho/ile to tru? & to progress1 & to ! only fre$om !re is1 fre$om ( ! _s4 ,! fir/ type wilfully /unts gr[?2 ! second invites de/ruction ( gr[? already accompli%$ by co/ly ef=t4 ,surely ,am]ican sculpture1 :i* has borr[$ eag]ly abroad & develop$ s\ndly at home1 %\ld n fall into ei!r ( ^! deg5]ate modes ( ?9k+4 8,quid quisque vitet10 says ,horace1 ) 8 canny ,roman philosophy1--8,:at h\rly to avoid is kn[n by none40 ,:at h\rly to accept is our mod]n "q4 ,s9ce a man's foes may be ( 8 own h\sehold1 :at if our own home-gr[n mat]ialism 7 aft] all ! wor/ enemy ( our art8 ,x w d little good to fly fev]i% ali5 contacts if at ! same "t ?+s ( ! _s are all[$ to langui% at our own ance/ral firesides4 ,sometimes ! firesides !mselves seem less frequ5t1 z ance/ors dim9i% 9 ! _w's e/eem4 ,true1 our tawdry & vehem5t self-adv]tis+ has its magnific5t dreams1 & our *ildlike fai? 9 ! doll> its occasional glori\s h\r ( ju/ification2 we _c help see+ t "s ( our transatlantic co-work]s 9 art & lett]s come among u rememb]+ ^? ?+s4 ,& x is a heal+ pr9ciple ( civilization t we %all borr[ our light f "o l&1 & divide our loaf ) ano!r2 ev5 ?\gh loaves are wa/$ !reby4 ,e lov] ( our c\ntry w wi% its culture to rema9 at once hospitable & self-respect+2 bo? *>act]i/ics may dwell h>moni\sly toge!r4 ,9 spite ( sup]ficial indications su* z ^? (f]$ by ! names 9 a city telephone directory1 ! core & nucleus ( g5]al culture 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates rema9s ,engli%-speak+2 m1 x rema9s true to ideals ( human conduct & human responsibility t h be5 fruitfully develop$ & *]i%$ by ! ,engli%-speak+ peoples4 ,:atev] lightly-accept$ beliefs !re may be 9 reg>d to ?is matt]1 ,i am p]suad$ t ! broad basis ( ,am]ican culture is & w be our ,puritanism4 ,n ! n>r[1 mote-seek+ ,puritanism ( pa/ /ory1 b an enlight5$1 lib]at+ ,puritanism1 ) p]ceptions & p>dons = o!rs1 & ) que/ion+s z to its own suppos$ sup]iorities2 a ,puritanism t has ga9$ 9 grace & goodness ?r\gh native developm5t & happy ali5 contacts4 ,h[ (t5 we h mumbl$ an anci5t %ibbole? to ! effect t art & morality h no?+ 9 common6 ,on ! contr>y1 !y h ! "o supreme aspiration ( human be+s 9 common2 ! b5efit ( ! race4 ,x is ! little arti/ :o proclaims himself diff]5t f o!r m51 & s n subject to _! laws2 ! great arti/ /rives to br+ 8 p]sonality & 8 "w into h>mony ) ! be/ t he kn[s ( human ef=t4 ,magnanim\s m5 & wom5 unconsci\sly reveal _! long+ t _! 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