,,tantalus ,,or ,,! ,,future ,,( ,,man ,,to-,,day ,,& ,,to-,,morr[ ,,s]ies ,,da$alus1 or ,sci5ce & ! ,future ,by ,j4 ,b4 ,s4 ,haldane ,,ic>us1 or ,! ,future ( ,sci5ce ,by ,b]tr& ,russell1 ,f4 ,r4 ,s4 ,,! ,,mongol ,,9 ,,our ,,mid/ ,by ,f4 ,g4 ,crook%ank1 ,m4,d4 ,,wireless ,,possibilities ,by ,pr(4 ,a4 ,m4 ,l[ ,,n>cissus1 or ,! ,anatomy ( ,clo!s ,by ,g]ald ,he>d ,,tantalus1 or ,! ,future ( ,man ,by ,f4 ,c4 ,s4 ,s*ill] ,,9 ,,prep>ation ,,! ,,pass+ ,,( ,,! ,,phantoms ,by ,pr(essor ,patt5 ,,woman ,,& ,,! ,,future ,by ,an?ony ,m4 ,ludovici ,e4 ,p4 ,,dutton ,,company ,,tantalus ,,or ,! ,future ( ,man ,,by ,f4 ,c4 ,s4 ,,s*ill] ,m4,a41 ,d4,sc42 ,fell[ & ,tutor ( ,corpus ,*ri/i ,college1 ,ox=d ,illu/ration ,man nev] is1 b always to be1 ble/ ,,new ,,york ,e4 ,p4 ,,dutton ,,company #fha ,,fif? ,,av5ue ,copyright #aibd ,by ,e4 ,p4 ,,dutton ,,company ,all ,rights ,res]v$ ,fir/ ,pr9t+1 ,novemb]1 #aibd ,second ,pr9t+1 ,m>*1 #aibe ,pr9t$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates ( ,am]ica ,,preface ,i r anticipate t sup]ficial critics :o d n l ! argum5t ( ?is essay w accuse x ( pessimism1 a *>ge :i* p]haps means little m ?an t !y d n l x4 ,nev]!less1 x may be wor? :ile to po9t out1 7#a7 t pessimism is n a logical objection to a cont5tion ( :i* ! tru? _c o!rwise be que/ion$1 & 7#b7 t ?\gh ! argum5t ( ,tantalus may be said g5]ally to corroborate t ( ,da$alus & ,ic>us1 yet its conclusion is mu* less pessimi/ic ?an !irs1 because 7#c7 x makes x v pla9 t ! evils :i* ?reat5 ! future ( mank9d are 9 no case unavoidable4 ,if x is call$ #8pessimism' to po9t out ! me?ods by :i* m5 may escape de/ruction1 because m5 d n c>e to adopt !m1 ,i suppose x mu/ be #8optimism' to ru% viol5tly & op5-ey$ d[n a precipice1 & to expect to be sav$ by a miracle4 ,c]ta9ly su* w\ld appe> to be ! belief ^u :i* human affairs are at pres5t conduct$4 ,f4,c4,s4,s4 ,,tantalus ,,tantalus ,,prologue3 ,,! ,,oracle ,,( ,,! ,,dead ,:5 ,i read 9 ,mr ,haldane's ,da$alus ! wond]ful ?+s t ,sci5ce 0 go+ to d = u1 & 9 ,mr ,russell's ,ic>us h[ easily bo? we & x might come to grief 9 consequ5ce1 x at once became pla9 to me t ( all ! h]oes ( antiquity ,tantalus w\ld be ! "o be/ fitt$ to progno/icate ! probable future ( ,man4 ,=1 if we int]pret ! hi/ory ( ,da$alus z mean+ ! collapse ( ,m9oan civilization "u ! /ra9 impos$ on its moral fibre by mat]ial progress1 & ! fate ( ,ic>us z mean+ man's inability to use ! p[]s ( ! air )\t cra%+1 "o c\ld gauge ! probability t hi/ory w\ld repeat itself /ill fur!r1 & t man w\ld once m all[ 8 vices to *eat him ( ! happ9ess t seem$ s cle>ly )9 8 rea*4 ,i det]m9$1 h[ev]1 to confirm ?is intellig5t =eca/ by consult+ ,tantalus himself4 ,to consult ! oracle ( a dead h]o1 x 01 ,i knew1 only necess>y to und]go ! process ( #8incubation1' a sort ( camp+ out on 8 tomb1 9 ! sk9 ( a sacrificial bea/2 & =tunately ! tomb ( ,tantalus _h j be5 discov]$ 9 ,phrygia by ! ar*ologi/s ( ! ,briti% ,s*ool at ,a!ns4 ,i set out1 !re=e1 ) great promptitude1 & 9 due c\rse1 arriv$ at ! ru9s ( ! tomb ( ,tantalus4 ,!y did n mu* resemble a fir/-class hotel1 &1 ( c\rse1 my idea ( an #8incubation' 0 well laugh$ at1 b ,i manag$ to f9d a pretty level corn]1 m or less %elt]$ f ! w9d4 ,"h ,i wrapp$ myself up 9 my excell5t rug1 hav+ decid$ to disp5se ) ! m correct me?od ( ensconc+ myself 9 ! gory hide ( a sacrificial ox4 ,! night 0 f9e1 ?\gh cold1 & =tunately !re 7 no mosquitoes1 nor any ( ! o!r insects "o w\ld inevitably h enc\nt]$ 9 ! dwell+s ( ! liv+4 ,b ! gr\nd 0 v1 v1 h>d1 & ,i toss$ ab\t = h\rs1 regrett+ my classical education & ! psy*ical rese>*]'s ra%ness 9 try+ fooli% exp]im5ts4 ,at la/ ,i fell asleep1 at lea/ ,i suppose s4 ,i also fell a great deal fur!r4 ,i seem$ to g "r ?r\gh my rocky b$1 & to fall d[n1 d[n1 d[n1 int]m9ably1 ?r\gh a sort ( ela/ic space4 ,:5 at la/ ! n :olly unpleasant motion /opp$1 ,i f\nd myself 9 a va/1 grey1 s&y pla91 illum9at$ by a cold grey light z ?\gh ( dawn4 ,! only ?+ to cat* ! eye 0 a small r\nd hummock1 n v f> f me4 ,on x grew a mighty tree1 ) d>k gre5 po9t$ leaves & droop+ bran*es1 surr\nd$ by a gleam+ :ite f5ce or pal+4 ,i naturally walk$ t[>ds x4 ,z ,i got ne>1 ,i notic$ t ! :ite pal+1 :i* completely enclos$ ! hummock1 0 compos$ ( bones1 or r ( e imag9able sort ( sp9e1 too? & /+1 g>ni%$ ) ! saws & swords ( sawfi% & swordfi%1 & all knit toge!r into an imp5etrable *eval de frise t prev5t$ approa* to ! foot ( ! tree4 ,! soil all r\nd ?is /range h$ge _h app>5tly be5 trodd5 into deep mud by "s creature t _h walk$ r\nd & r\nd ! tree1 & ! wat] requir$ = its manufacture 0 suppli$ by a small spr+ :i* rose )9 ! enclosure & fl[$ out ?r\gh its int]/ices4 ,z ,i walk$ r\nd ! tree to ! fur!r side ( ! hummock1 ,i came ^u an extraord9>y sight4 ,i beheld a nak$ man try+ to rea* "s ( ! fruit t dangl$ d[n f ! out] bran*es ( ! tree b appe>$ to be j out ( 8 rea*1 & s int5t ^u 8 design t he did n notice my approa*4 ,he seem$ a tall man1 & ! upp] "p ( 8 body 0 well =m$4 ,8 features 7 good & regul>1 ?\gh some:at h>d1 & n intellectual2 8 resolute jaw bespoke ! man ( action1 accu/om$ to comm& & to be obey$4 ,s f>1 8 appe>ance w\ld h done cr$it to any mod]n capta9 ( indu/ry4 ,b ! l[] half ( 8 body appe>$ to be mis%ap54 ,8 ?ighs 7 s curv$ t he c\ld n walk upright1 b _h to /oop & lean =w>d z he sl[ly %ambl$ along4 ,/ill m mon/r\s seem$ ! feet1 ) :i* he *urn$ up ! mud ar\nd ! f5ce2 !y 7 enorm\s & h>dly seem$ human 9 _! %ape1 ?\gh !y 7 too deeply plung$ 9 ! mud to p]mit "o to see :at exactly 0 wrong ) !m4 ,?is /range be+1 :om ! bold intuition ( ! dream-consci\sness at once id5tifi$ ) ,tantalus1 0 evid5tly try+ to grasp ! fruit t hung f ! l[] bran*es ( ! tree4 ,= a :ile 8 ef=ts 7 va91 b !n a gu/ ( w9d br\ght )9 8 rea* a l>ge conical %9+ r$ fruit he _h long covet$4 ,x 0 "o ( ! /range features ( ! tree t x 0 cov]$ ) fruit1 & high] up also ) fl[]s1 ( ! mo/ v>i\s sizes1 %apes1 & col\rs4 ,he seiz$ x triumphantly2 b ! effect 0 surpris+4 ,= he _h h>dly t\*$ x :5 x explod$1 & cov]$ him f head to foot ) its blood-r$ juice4 ,he at once sank s5seless to ! gr\nd4 ,b1 aft] a :ile1 he sl[ly recov]$1 & recomm5c$ 8 old game4 ,?is "t1 he attack$ a l>ge r\nd yell[i% fruit2 b :5 he succe$$ 9 seiz+ x1 x too explod$1 & p\r$ out ^u him volumes ( a heavy yell[-gre5 vap\r4 ,aga9 he collaps$1 & ?is "t 8 /upor la/$ long]4 ,by ! "t he began to /ir aga9 ,i _h1 ,i ?\ght1 grasp$ ! situation1 & det]m9$ to int]v5e4 ,s ,i drew ne>1 & address$ him3 8,c ,i be mi/ak5 9 ?9k+ t ,i see be=e me ! f>-fam$ h]o1 ,tantalus1 boon companion ( ! gods80 8,& _! victim40 8,& :at tree is ?is1 ,i pray y1 ab\t :i* y busy y\rself80 8,! ,tree ( ,k40 8,& ! wat]1 :i* y h trampl$ into mud1 is :at80 8,! ,elixir ( ,life40 8,!n y seem to h all ! mat]ials = a happy life4 ,:y don't y eat ( ! fruits ( ! tree1 & dr9k ( ! elixir80 8,y h se5 ! results ( my ef=ts40 8,i _c b ?9k y h be5 un=tunate 9 y\r *oice ( ! fruits3 !re are _m t look mu* bett] high] up40 8,& h[ am ,i to get at !m80 8,well1 ( c\rse1 y mu/ break ?r\gh all ^! debris ( =m] animal life1 :i* b> y\r access to ! trunk ( ! tree1 & prev5t y f dr9k+ ( ! wat] ( life2 aft] t1 y c climb up ! tree1 & pick ! be/ ( ! fruits40 8,& h[ am ,i to break ?r\gh ! b>ri] ( bones80 8,ev5 ?\gh y appe> to h no in/rum5ts1 y c surely f9d a /one80 8,:]e %all ,i f9d a /one 9 ! ,pla9 ( ,=getfulness8 ,& besides1 h[ %\ld ,i climb ! tree ) ^! 444 feet80 ,& he lift$ up "o ( 8 mon/r\s limbs4 8,c]ta9ly y seem to be pretty badly e>?-b\nd10 said ,i1 8b ,i w try to f9d y "s /ones40 ,s (f ,i set4 ,i _h n got f> :5 a fi]ce bla/ /ruck me & pepp]$ me ) s&4 ,i /ruggl$ /\tly aga9/ x1 b 0 ne>ly *ok$4 ,& !n1 sudd5ly1 ,i awoke to f9d t day 0 dawn+ & t ! w9d _h gone r\nd to ! nor?1 & 0 bl[+ 9 my face4 ,b ,i 0 well satisfi$ ) my exp]im5t4 ,! int]pretation ( ! response ,i _h obta9$ f ,tantalus 0 too pla9 to ne$ ! aid ( a psy*o-analy/4 ,i ,our be/ prophets are gr[+ v anxi\s ab\t our future4 ,!y are afraid we are gett+ to "k too mu*1 & are likely to use our k to commit suicide1 or r1 mutual murd]1 aft] ! fa%ion ( ! ,kilk5ny cats4 ,to ^! dismal =eca/s x is reasonable to reply t !re is no?+ novel 9 ! pres5t situation4 ,! human race has always kn[n en\gh to wreck itself1 & its ab\nd+ folly has always inspir$ its wise m5 ) ! grave/ appreh5sion = its future4 ,yet1 ei!r by *ance or provid5ce1 x has always kn[n also h[ to avoid de/ruction4 ,x has nev] kn[n en\gh to make itself happy2 nor does x "k en\gh to d s n[4 ,its future has always be5 prec>i\s1 because x has always be5 unc]ta9 :e!r x w\ld use its k well or ill1 to improve or to ru9 itself4 ,x has always _h a *oice betwe5 alt]native policies1 & x has s n[4 ,:at s5se !n is !re 9 mak+ su* a fuss ab\t ! pres5t crisis8 ,x is a p>ticul>ly pla9 case ( ! p]5nial *oice ( ,h]cules4 ,:at is ne$$ is j a little cle> ?9k+ & pla9 speak+ to a society m ?an usually debau*$ by a long regime ( flatt]y1 propag&a1 & subt]fuge4 ,mank9d c make a fool ( itself1 z x always c\ld2 if x does1 its blood w be on its own head4 ,= x has k en\gh to avoid ! dang]s t ?reat5 x1 if x w use its k prop]ly4 ,,ii ,! fir/ fact to be enunciat$ pla9ly1 & fac$1 until x gr[s famili>1 & its import is appreciat$1 is t1 biologically speak+1 ,man has ceas$ to be a progressive species long ago4 ,! evolution>y impetus :i* c>ri$ our ance/ors f ! level ( ! ape or ev5 ( ! lemur1 ?r\gh su* subhuman types z ,pi!can?ropus1 & ! ,heidelb]g & ,ne&]?al m51 to #8mod]n' man1 seems to h sp5t itself by ! middle ( ! paloli?ic p]iod1 i4e4 say1 ?irty ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,at any rate1 ! ,cro-,magnon p ( ! ,aurignacian age1 :o !n appe>$ ^u ! sc5e1 7 9 no wise inf]ior to any subsequ5t race ( m51 ei!r 9 /ature or 9 bra9 capacity4 ,!y av]age six feet ?ree in*es 9 height1 ) "o-six? m bra9s ?an ! mod]n ,european4 ,s f> inde$ z _! physical rema9s c indicate1 !y seem to h be5 v def9itely ! f9e/ race ( human be+s t has ev] exi/$4 ,if we h improv$ on !m1 x has probably be5 only 9 su* m9or matt]s z resi/ance to ! microbes ( ! _m diseases :i* fl\ri% among d5se populations "u slum conditions4 ,aga9/ t probability h to be set su* c]ta9ties z t our toes & _m ( our muscles are be+ atrophi$ & t we are gett+ m liable to c>ies & baldness4 ,?is rem>kable fact ( ! arre/ ( 8 biological developm5t is c]ta9ly ! greate/ my/]y 9 ! hi/ory ( ,man4 ,x at once raises two fur!r que/ions3 ,9 ! fir/ place1 h[ did x happ51 & :at caus$ x8 ,&1 secondly1 :at has enabl$ man1 nev]!less1 to progress 9 o!r respects1 9 k1 9 p[]1 & 9 culture8 ,to answ] ! fir/ "q we _c d bett] ?an argue back f :at is n[ ! mo/ sali5t feature ab\t man's biological position1 namely t 8 survival is det]m9$ f> m by 8 relations to ! social gr\p to :i* he belongs ?an by p]sonal effici5cy3 h5ce he c draw on ! collective res\rces ( 8 tribe1 &1 to a gr[+ ext5t1 gets emancipat$ f ! control ( natural selection4 ,?us social selection & ! survival ( societies pr(\ndly modify 7& (t5 defeat71 ! work+ ( natural selection4 ,! advantages are obvi\s2 x is no long] ess5tial = a memb] ( a society t collectively controls ! conditions ( exi/5ce to develop any high degree ( p]sonal capacity1 9 ord] to survive4 ,a s+le wise & provid5t m9i/]1 l ,joseph1 is en\gh to keep alive millions ( ,ph>aoh's subjects ?r\gh ! lean ye>s ( fam9e4 ,b ! inf]ior & incompet5t survive ) ! re/4 ,n[1 if we suppose t by mid-paloli?ic times man _h e/abli%$ 8 asc5d5cy ov] nature & p]fect$ 8 social organization suffici5tly to r5d] ^! s]vices to 8 fell[s1 we h sugge/$ a possible cause ( ! cessation ( biological progress4 ,= social influ5ces are z likely z n to be #8contra-selective1' t is1 to t5d to pres]ve by pref]5ce ! /ocks :i* are less viable f a m]ely biological po9t ( view4 ,!y are m>k$ly s at pres5t1 & x w\ld be ask+ too mu* to expect ! tribal *iefs ( e>ly m5 to h be5 wise & provid5t en\gh to see to x t _! social in/itutions 7 eug5ical 9 _! effects4 ,we _c ev5 n[ f9d su* a pit* ( wisdom & provid5ce 9 ! controll]s ( our de/9ies4 ,,iii ,! answ] to ! second "q is mu* easi]4 ,! human race has cont9u$ to progress 9 its culture1 9 its k1 9 its p[] ov] nature1 because x has devis$ in/itutions :i* h creat$ = x a cont9u\s social memory t defies dea?4 ,n[1 z ev]1 ! wise/ & ! be/ mu/ die1 :ile _! place is tak5 by babies born z ignorant & void ( k z 9 ! beg9n+4 ,only !re has be5 inv5t$ app>atus :i* relieves ! civiliz$ baby ( 8 h]$it>y ignorance1 & r5d]s him pot5tially ! heir to all ! wisdom ( ! ages4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 ,language n only ext5ds enorm\sly ! possibilities ( co-op]ation & common action1 b also r5d]s possible ! consolidation ( cu/oms & _! pres]vation by oral tradition4 ,9 ! next place1 ,writ+ enables a society to record all t x consid]s wor? rememb]+4 ,^u ^! two inv5tions may be re>$ va/ intricate /ructures1 religi\s1 political1 social1 & sci5tific1 :i* knit toge!r & dom9ate human societies f g5]ation to g5]ation1 & create ! conditions = an almo/ me*anical accumulation ( k4 ,man has !reby become an educable creature & fall5 a victim to ! arts ( ! exam9]4 ,provid$ ! me*anisms ( education d n get out ( ge>1 x is h>d to set limits to ! am\nts ( k ) :i* he c be cramm$2 b x is cle> t !y are f> great] ?an he c\ld ev] h acquir$ 9 a lifetime = himself4 ,& z education 7( sorts7 has n[ become _w wide1 x might seem t ! future ( k 0 n[ assur$1 & no long] liable to setbacks su* z ^? due to ! fam\s burn+ ( ! libr>y ( ,alex&ria at ! comm& ( ! ,caliph ,om>1 or ! ext9ction ( ! only ,greek sci5ti/s :o s]i\sly conc]n$ !mselves ) ! applications ( sci5ce to life1 ( ,ar*im$es & 8 ,s*ool1 9 ! sack ( ,syracuse4 ,at any rate1 x seem$ cle> t progress 9 k c\ld cont9ue indef9itely1 ev5 9 an o!rwise /ation>y or decad5t society4 ,:oev] argu$ ?us w\ld fail to make suffici5t all[ance = ! p]v]sity ( human nature4 ,human in/itutions1 l ! human body1 are ev] t5d+ to get clogg$ ) ! wa/e products ( _! own work+4 ,h5ce1 s f> f p]=m+ ! functions = :i* !y 7 int5d$1 !y are con/antly becom+ ! mo/ =midable in/rum5ts = _! fru/ration4 ,exp]i5ce %[s h[ easily ,*ur*es become ! mo/ effective dead5]s ( religi\s zeal1 h[ (t5 ,law becomes ! negation ( ju/ice1 h[ deadly is ! ,s*ool to ! inborn crav+ = k :i* seem$ to ,ari/otle s *>act]i/ic ( man's nature4 ,accord+ly1 no "o famili> ) ! actual work+ ( academic in/itutions is likely to fall into ! error ( p9n+ 8 fai? to !m4 ,!y are1 ( c\rse1 design$ = ! purpose ( pres]v+ & promot+ ! highe/ & mo/ advanc$ k hi!rto atta9$3 b d !y any:]e fulfil ?is purpose8 ,its execution mu/ ( necessity be left to pr(essors n exempt f human frailty1 always select$ by m or less defective me?ods1 ^: int]e/s by no means co9cide ) ^? ( _! subjects4 ,! int]e/ ( ! subject is to become m widely und]/ood & s m influ5tial4 ,! int]e/ ( ! pr(essor is to become m unassailable1 & s m au?oritative4 ,he a*ieves ?is by becom+ m te*nical4 ,= ! m te*nical he gets1 ! few] c compreh5d him2 ! few] are compet5t to criticize him1 ! m ( an oracle he becomes2 if1 !re=e1 he wi%es = an easy life ( undi/urb$ academic leisure1 ! m he w indulge 8 natural t5d5cy to gr[ m te*nical z 8 k gr[s1 ! m he w turn away f ^? aspects ( 8 subject :i* h any direct practical or human int]e/4 ,he w wrap himself 9 my/]ies ( te*nical j>gon1 & become z ne>ly z possible un9telligible4 ,truly1 z ,william ,james once exclaim$ to me1 apropos ( ! policy ( c]ta9 philosoph]s1 8! natural enemy ( any subject is ! pr(essor !re(60 ,x is cle> t if ^! t5d5cies are all[$ to prevail1 e subject mu/ 9 c\rse ( "t become untea*able1 & n wor? le>n+4 ,?us educational sy/ems become ! *ief enemies ( education1 & seats ( le>n+ ! *ief ob/acles to ! gr[? ( k1 :ile 9 an o!rwise /agnant or decad5t society ^! t5d5cies soon] or lat] get ! upp] h& & utt]ly corrupt ! social memory4 ,! p[] ( ! pr(essor is reveal$ n s mu* by ! ?+s he tea*es1 z by ! ?+s he fails or refuses to tea*4 ,hi/ory is full ( examples4 ,h[ _m religions h n p]i%$ f ritual scl]osis1 h[ _m sci5ces h n be5 degrad$ into pseudo-sci5ces or games6 ,logic has be5 j exam9able nons5se = ov] two ?\s& ye>s4 ,! pres5t economic *aos 9 ! _w has be5 indirectly br\ght ab\t by ! policy adopt$ by ! pr(essors ( economics =ty or fifty ye>s ago1 to suit _! own conv5i5ce4 ,= !y !n decid$ t !y mu/ escape f ! unwelcome att5tions ( ! public by becom+ m #8sci5tific'2 i4e4 !y ceas$ to express !mselves 9 pla9 language & took to ma!matical =mulae & curves in/ead2 ) ! result t ! _w promptly relaps$ into its primitive dep?s ( economic ignorance4 ,s soon z ! pr(essors _h retir$ f x1 e economic h]esy & delusion1 :i* _h be5 expos$ & uproot$ by ,adam ,smi?1 at once reviv$ & fl\ri%$4 ,9 "o g5]ation economics disappe>$ completely f ! public k5 & ! political _w1 & ! mak]s ( ! ,peace ,treaties ( #aiai 7 s incapable ( und]/&+ an economic argum5t t n ev5 ! lucid intellig5ce ( ,mr ,keynes c\ld dissuade !m f enact+ ! prepo/]\s conditions :i* r5d]$ impossible ! realization ( _! aims4,a ,nor 0 x s v long ago t1 9 ord] to save ! ,ma!matical ,tripos at ,cambridge1 x _h to be reca/1 because x _h deg5]at$ into an intellectual jig-saw puzzle1 :olly unrelat$ to ! applications ( ma!matics to ! o!r sci5ces4 ,to avoid jeal\sies1 ,i ha/5 to add t ! ,univ]sity ( ,ox=d1 :i* has organiz$ itself z an asylum = lo/ causes1 skilfully cultivates1 by means ( its classical & hi/orical /udies1 a backw>d-look+ bias 9 its alumni4 ,! true #8,greats' man is meant to g d[n indelibly imbu$ ) ! conviction t 9 matt]s ( morals & politics no?+ ( importance has be5 discov]$ or said s9ce ,plato & ,ari/otle1 & t no?+ else matt]s4 ,cle>ly !n we _c take = grant$ t 9 any society k c progress )\t limits1 nor c we c\nt on our academic in/itutions to save u f /agnation & decay1 ev5 9 matt]s ( k4 ,all in/itutions are social me*anisms1 & all me*anisms ne$ a modicum ( intellig5t sup]vision1 9 ! abs5ce ( :i* !y become dang]\s eng9es ( de/ruction4 ,,iv ,x appe>s !n t we c extract no gu>antee ( progress ei!r f ! nature ( ,man or f ! nature ( human in/itutions4 ,!re is no law ( progress1 if by law be meant a sup]ior p[] able to co]ce ! creatures t are said to #8obey' x4 ,nei!r c we extract f hi/ory any pro( ( ! sup]iority ( civiliz$ man ov] 8 unciviliz$ ance/ors4 ,su* progress z has be5 atta9$ has be5 a*iev$ only by ! active co-op]ation ( ! progressive organisms3 e /ep has be5 f\ght =1 & progress has ceas$ :5ev] ef=t ceas$1 or 0 swit*$ (f into diff]5t directions4 ,consequ5tly1 mod]n man has no "r to #8boa/ himself f> bett] ?an 8 fa!rs'--9 intr9sic quality4 ,intr9sically1 i4e4 ap>t f ! effects ( culture & social tra9+1 x is probable t he is slightly inf]ior 9 capacity to 8 own ance/ors1 :ile v m>k$ly inf]ior to ! great races ( antiquity 7l ! ,greeks7 9 _! hey-day4 ,nor is !re any reason to suppose t 8 moral nature has *ang$ mat]ially4 ,mod]n man may be a little tam] & bett]-temp]$1 because he has be5 h]d$ toge!r mu* m closely ?an primitive man1 & city life1 ev5 9 slums1 dem&s1 & produces1 a c]ta9 #8urbanity4' ,= _m g5]ations ^? :o w\ld n pack tight & c\ld n /& ! /ra9 ( con/antly exhibit+ #8company mann]s' & accommodat+ _! action to ^? ( _! fell[s1 mu/ h fl$ away into ! wilds1 :]e !y c\ld be indep5d5t1 or h elim9at$ !mselves 9 o!r ways1 e4g4 by committ+ murd]4 ,x is probable t ! social hi/ory ( ,icel&1 settl$ z x 0 by unbridl$ individuali/s :o w\ld n brook any =m ( organiz$ gov]nm5t1 might ?r[ "s light on ?is process ( tam+ ! individual4 ,nev]!less !re is little d\bt t1 9 ! ma91 humanity is /ill ,yahoo-manity4 ,alike 9 m5tality & 9 moral1 mod]n man is /ill sub/antially id5tical ) 8 paloli?ic ance/ors4 ,he is /ill ! irrational1 impulsive1 emotional1 fooli%1 de/ructive1 cruel1 cr$ul\s1 creature he always 04 ,normally ! ,yahoo 9 him is kept "u control by ! con/ant pressure ( a v>iety ( social in/itutions2 b let any?+ upset an e/abli%$ social ord]1 & ! ,yahoo comes to ! front at once4 ,! hi/ory ( ! pa/ fifty ye>s abundantly proves t man is /ill capable ( atrocities equal to any 9 8 record4 ,n only h we liv$ ?r\gh ! greate/ political & ! deadlie/ natural convulsion1 ! ,great ,w> & ! ,tokio e>?quake1 b ! ,russian ,revolution has outdone ! ,fr5* & ,l&ru ! leg5d>y ,bluebe>d1 :ile = m+l$ atrocity & bas5ess ! murd]s ( ,rasput9 & ( ,alex&] ( ,s]bia are unsurpass$ 9 hi/ory4 ,! pa9ful tru? is t civilization has n improv$ ,man's moral nature4 ,8 moral habits are /ill ma9ly matt]s ( cu/om1 & ! effect ( moral !ories is nugatory ev]y:]e4 ,?us civilization is n ev5 sk9 deep2 x does n g deep] ?an ! clo!s4 ,v ,cle>ly x is risky to expose ! inela/ic nature ( s /ubbornly cons]vative a creature to new conditions at a rapid rate4 ,he may n be able to adapt himself quickly en\gh1 & 8 old reactions1 :i* did little or no h>m be=e1 may become extremely dang]\s4 ,yet ?is is j :at has happ5$4 ,sci5ce has expos$ ! paloli?ic savage masqu]ad+ 9 mod]n g>b to a s]ies ( physical & m5tal %ocks :i* h endang]$ 8 equilibrium4 ,x has also enorm\sly ext5d$ 8 p[] & arm$ him ) a v>iety ( delicate & p5etrat+ in/rum5ts :i* h (t5 prov$ edge tools 9 8 h&s & :i* ! utmo/ wisdom c\ld h>dly be tru/$ to use aright4 ,"u ^! conditions ! fight+ in/9ct ceases to be an antiquat$ foible1 l ! hunt+ in/9ct1 & becomes a deadly dang]4 ,no wond] ! m presci5t are dismay$ at ! prospect ( ! old savage passions runn+ amok 9 ! full panoply ( civilization6 ,,vi ,nor is ?is ! f9al item 9 our tale ( woe4 ,a ?ird & mo/ s9i/] fact :i* has to be fac$ is t ,civilization1 z at pres5t con/itut$1 is v def9itely a det]iorat+ ag5cy1 conduc+ to ! deg5]ation ( mank9d4 ,?is effect ( ,civilization is no?+ new1 b has be5 op]at+1 x w\ld seem1 f ! beg9n+1 ?\gh n probably z int5sively z n[3 its discov]y1 h[ev]1 is v rec5t4 ,x is q indirect1 un9t5d$1 & =tuit\s1 b cumulative1 & 9 ! long run has probably be5 a *ief cause 9 ! decay ( ,/ates & civilizations1 z well z an important factor 9 ! arre/ ( biological developm5t :i* we h _h to recognize4 ,a simple & easily obs]vable sociological fact is at ! bottom ( ! mis*ief4 ,! diff]5t classes 9 a society h diff]5t bir?-rates & dea?-rates1 & ! diff]5ces betwe5 ^! yield _! sev]al net rates ( increase or decrease4 ,n[1 :]eas "u ! conditions ( savage life class diff]5ces c h>dly exi/1 or1 at lea/ _c be acc5tuat$1 s t ! :ole tribe fl\ri%es or p]i%es toge!r1 & among b>b>ians ! upp] classes h a v great advantage & ! tribe recruits itself *iefly f ! *ildr5 ( ! *iefs1 because ! conditions ( life are s sev]e t ! l[] classes are n able to re> _m *ildr52 9 civiliz$ societies ^! conditions are rev]s$4 ,x is f\nd t ?\gh bo? bir?-rates & dea?-rates gr[ z we desc5d ! social scale1 s does ! net rate ( increase4 ,inde$1 ! highe/ or rul+ class n[h]e appe>s to keep up its numb]s )\t consid]able recruitm5t f bel[4 ,s society1 z at pres5t organiz$1 is always dy+ (f at ! top1 & prolif]at+ at ! bottom1 ( ! social pyramid4 ,! disa/r\s consequ5ces ( ?is sort ( social organization may easily be appreh5d$1 ) a little reflection4 7#a7 ,all societies1 ev5 ^? ^: social /ructure is mo/ rigid1 h ne$ ( ability1 discov] x1 & rew>d x by social promotion4 ,b 7#b7 z ?is promotion means pass+ into a class ) a relatively inadequate rate ( reproduction1 ! biological p5alty atta*+ to social promotion is racial ext9ction4 ,?us 7#c7 ! ultimate rew>d ( m]it is /]ilization1 & society appe>s to be an organization devot$ to ! suicidal task ( extirpat+ any ability x may *ance to conta91 by dra9+ x away f any /ratum 9 :i* x may occur1 promot+ x into ! highe/1 & !re de/roy+ x4 ,x is exactly z ?\gh a dairyman %\ld set 9 motion app>atus = sep>at+ ! cream f ! milk1 & !n1 z x rose1 skim x (f1 & ?r[ x away6 ,at pres5t x is calculat$ t ! highe/ classes 9 ! *ief civiliz$ societies only reproduce !mselves to ! ext5t ( fifty p] c5t4 ( _! numb] 9 ea* g5]ation1 s t ! h]$it>y ability ( half ( !m is lo/ 9 ea* g5]ation4 ,b ev5 !n ! rema9d] is l>gely wa/$4 ,x is *urn$ into fro? & scum by social =ces4 ,= nei!r n[ nor at any "t has social intellig5ce %[n itself equal to devis+ a tra9+ = ! y\? ( ! highe/ classes t w\ld provide !m ) adequate /imuli to develop _! faculties1 & to lead a /r5u\s life ( social s]vice4 ,! *ildr5 ( ! ri* are tempt$ to live = #8society' 9 ! n>r[] s5se1 :i* means fritt]+ away "o's life on a r\nd ( vacu\s amusem5t2 & !y r>ely resi/ ! temptation4 ,naturally x is difficult to trace ! accumulation ( ability 9 ! upp] social /rata :i* is !oretically to be expect$4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 "s subjects at any rate1 ! symptoms ( a _w-wide de>? ( ability are becom+ unmi/akable4 ,! ,great ,w>1 ?\gh x made abundantly manife/ ! preval5ce ( incompet5ts 9 high places1 did n reveal ! exi/5ce ei!r ( a great g5]al or ( a great /atesman any:]e4 ,x is sup]flu\s to insi/ ei!r on ! fatuity ( a social organization su* z ?is1 or on ! c]ta9ty ( racial deg5]ation :i* x entails3 b x may be well to draw att5tion to ! rapidity ) :i* ^! deg5]ative processes are at pres5t sapp+ ! vitality & value ( our civiliz$ races4 ,! failure to reproduce does n1 z 9 =m] times1 affect m]ely ! ari/ocracy 9 ! highe/ social /rata2 x has spread to ! :ole ( ! pr(essional & middle classes1 & to mo/ classes ( skill$ lab\r4 ,x is n too mu* to say t1 ) ! exception ( ! m9]s1 none ( ! desirable elem5ts 9 ! nation are do+ _! bit to keep up ! population1 & t its cont9u$ gr[? is ma9ly due to ! unre/ra9$ bre$+ ( ! casual lab\r]s & ! feeble-m9d$4 ,9 ! re/ ( ! population its increase is *eck$ by bir?-control & ! po/ponem5t ( m>riage1 nei!r ( :i* affects ! undesirables4 ,!y are too /upid1 reckless1 & ignorant to practise ! =m]1 & h no?+ to ga9 by ! latt]4 ,also1 to make x q c]ta9 t !y %all =m a true #8prolet>iate1' ! wisdom ( our rul]s orda9s t a k ( bir?-control %all be a 7fatal7 privilege res]v$ = ! intellig5t & well-to-d4 ,!y in/ruct ! police to prev5t x f p5etrat+ to ! poor & /upid--app>5tly f ! mi/ak5 idea t ! ,/ate ne$s pl5ty ( *eap lab\r & *eap cannon-fodd]4 ,s *ild-be>+ rema9s compulsory = ! wret*$ wom5 ( ! poor1 :]eas else:]e only ^? wom5 produce *ildr5 :o desire !m1 & natural selection is ?us all[$ gradually to elim9ate ! temp]am5t ( ! unwill+ 7&1 !re=e1 probably less compet5t7 "m4 ,! dysg5ic effects ( ?is class-discrim9ation are fur!r int5sifi$ by o!r t5d5cies3 7#a7 ,! advance ( m$ic9e & hygi5e has enorm\sly dim9i%$ selective mortality 9 all classes1 & improv$ ! *ances ( weakl+s to survive & leave desc5dants4 7#b7 ,! advance ( philan?ropy pres]ves !m1 especially 9 ! l[] classes1 :]e =m]ly ! mortality 0 l>gely selective & a high dea?-rate bo? c\nt]act$ an excessive bir?-rate & increas$ ! value ( ! survivors4 ,! emotional appeal ( #8baby-sav+' goes s directly to ! he>t ( civiliz$ man t 8 head nev] reflects :e!r ! p>ticul> baby is wor? sav+1 & :e!r a baby f a diff]5t bre$ & ) a bett] p$igree w\ld n be bett] wor? hav+4 7#c7 ,mod]n ob/etrics save ! lives ( ?\s&s ( wom51 ^: physique is su* t 9 =m] times !y w\ld inevitably h di$ 9 *ild-bir?4 ,! result is t *ild-bir? is becom+ m difficult4 ,also babies br\ght up on ! bottle1 :i* has an irresi/ible attraction = microbes ( all sorts1 are apt to be less heal?y ?an ^? n\ri%$ 9 ! m primitive mann]4 7#d7 ,la/ly1 ! ba/>diz+1 :i* us$ =m]ly to provide = a consid]able infusion ( ! blood ( ! upp] classes into ! l[]1 has n[ practically ceas$4 ,s9ce ! m]ry days ( ,k+ ,*>les ,,ii1 v few noble families ( royal desc5t h be5 add$ to ! pe]age4 ,,vii ,our civilization1 !re=e1 c>ries )9 x ! se$s ( its own decay & de/ruction1 & x does n require high prophetic gifts to pr$ict ! future ( a race :i* goes ! way m>k$ out = x by su* p]v]sely suicidal in/itutions4 ,x _c improve1 b mu/ deg5]ate1 & ! only "q w\ld seem to be :e!r ! decad5ce ( ,man w leave him viable z a biological species4 ,at pres5t x looks v mu* z ?\gh 8 bl9d lead]s w\ld lead _! bl9d] foll[]s f cata/rophe to cata/rophe1 ?r\gh imp]iali/ _w-w>s to class-w>s & to race-w>s3 b ev5 if1 by "s miracul\s rally ( human intellig5ce1 ^! convulsions %\ld be av]t$1 ! prospect w n really be improv$4 ,! viol5t de/ruction ( ! human race by w> w only be m dramatic3 x w n be m fatal ?an its gradual decay z its arts & sci5ces sl[ly fossilize1 or pet] out1 9 an ov]:elm+ flood ( feeble-m9d$ness4 ,,viii ,?is is ! "o alt]native4 ,we %all get to x1 if we g on z we are go+3 b x is n our doom4 ,! alt]native is to ex]cise ! dang] by an adequate re=m ( human nature & ( human in/itutions4 ,?is aga9 seems atta9able 9 at lea/ two ways4 ,! fir/1 & m p>adoxical1 ( ^! w\ld make a direct frontal attack on ! paloli?ic ,yahoo1 & try to br+ ab\t 8 moral re=mation4 ,! means = ?is purpose are ready to h&4 ,*ri/ian e?ics h be5 9 be+1 z a moral !ory1 = ne>ly two ?\s& ye>s4 ,if ! ,yahoo c\ld be really *ri/ianiz$1 he w\ld at any rate cease to cut 8 own ?roat 9 cutt+ 8 neighb\r's4 ,& x is a/oni%+ h[ mu* sci5tific support is =?com+ = ! p>adoxes ( ,*ri/ian e?ics4 ,x is an hi/orical fact t ! meek h a knack ( inh]it+ ! e>? aft] _! lords & ma/]s h kill$ ea* o!r (f1 & t passive resi/ance we>s out ! greate/ viol5ce1 & consci5ti\s objection defeats ! craftie/ opportunism1 if only y c get en\gh ( !m4 ,x is a biological fact t ! rabbit survives bett] ?an ! tig]2 & ! same w\ld appe> to be true ( ! human #8rabbit' & ! ,nietzs*ean #8wild bea/4' ,intr9sically1 !re=e1 ,*ri/ian e?ics might be well wor? try+4 ,i wi% ,i c\ld believe x likely t ?is policy w be tri$4 ,b ! paloli?ic ,yahoo has be5 dos$ ) ,*ri/ian e?ics = two ?\s& ye>s1 & !y h nev] ei!r impress$ or improv$ him4 ,_! p>adoxes give him a moral %ock1 & he has n bra9s en\gh to grasp _! rationality4 ,he w exclaim r ) ! gallant admiral 9 ! ,h\se ( ,commons1 :5 ju/ly indignant at ! unhe>d-( notion t a #8moral ge/ure' ( a ,lab\r ,gov]nm5t might be ! be/ policy1 8,good ,god1 sir1 if we are to rely = our air security on ! ,s]mon on ! ,m\nt1 all ,i c say is1 #8,god help u6'0 ,besides1 ! proposal to put ,*ri/ian pr9ciples into practice w\ld be bitt]ly oppos$ by all ! ,*ur*es 9 ,*ri/5dom4,b ,x may be m prud5t1 !re=e1 to try a saf] ?\gh sl[] way1 t ( ! eug5ical re=m & recon/ruction ( our social organization4 ,z to ! possibilities 9 ?is direction1 ,i incl9e to be mu* m hopeful ?an ei!r ,mr ,haldane or ,mr ,russell4 ,mr ,haldane despises eug5ics1 because he is look+ = ! m spectacul> adv5t ( ! #8ectog5etic baby1' to be ! ,savi\r ( mank9d4 ,b he might n arrive1 or be s]i\sly delay$ 9 transmission1 or fail to come up to ,mr ,haldane's expectations2 &1 mean:ile1 we _c af=d to wait4 ,mr ,russell di/ru/s eug5ics1 because he fe>s t any eug5ical s*eme put into practice w be #8nobbl$' by our pres5t rul+ r+s1 & p]v]t$ into an in/rum5t to consolidate _! p[]4 ,he ?9ks t diss5t f dom9ant beliefs & in/itutions w be tak5 z pro( ( imbecility1 & /]iliz$ accord+ly1,c & t ! result w\ld m]ely be to spread ov] all ! _w ! hopeless uni=mity & commonplac5ess ( ! ideals & practice ( ! ,am]ican bus9ess man1 z depict$ by ,mr ,s9clair ,lewis4 ,?is progno/ication w\ld be v plausible1 if we suppos$ eug5ics to be introduc$ into ! social /ructure f above1 privily1 & 9 small doses1 & by way ( adm9i/rative ord]1 z "u ! exi/+ ,acts to *eck ! spread ( feeble-m9d$ness4 ,b ?is me?od w\ld be impracticable4 ,x w\ld n g5]ate any?+ l ! social mom5tum necess>y to c>ry ?r\gh any radical re=m4 ,to make x effective1 x w\ld h to be back$ by a p[]ful1 en?usia/ic1 & intellig5t public s5tim5t4 ,?is presupposes t ! public has be5 biologically educat$ to appreciate ! actual situation1 & has be5 ?or\ghly wr\ght up ab\t ! fatuity ( our social ord]1 & und]/&s :at is wrong ) x4 ,if x und]/&s t mu*1 x c also be made to see t x is fanta/ic to expect to leap to ! ,ideal ,/ate by a social revolution4 ,no "o n[ kn[s :at ! in/itutions ( an ,ideal ,/ate w\ld be l1 nor h[ !y w\ld "w4 ,we only "k t !y w h to be evolv$ out ( our pres5t in/itutions1 ev5 z ! ,sup]man has to be evolv$ out ( ! primitive ,yahoo4 ,9 ei!r case1 ! process w be gradual1 & its success w dep5d ^u details1 on tak+ "o /ep aft] ano!r at ! "r rate 9 ! "r direction1 mak+ a new adju/m5t "h1 ov]com+ an old difficulty !re1 remov+ ob/acles1 smoo?+ ov] ! %ell-holes & sc>s dat+ f ,man's lurid pa/1 &1 9 g5]al1 feel+ "o's way sy/ematically & sci5tifically to bett] ?+s4 ,su* a mode ( progression may seem unh]oic1 b x has ! great advantage t x is unlikely to g irretrievably wrong4 ,if we "k f ! outset t we are t5tatively feel+ our way1 we %all always be on ! look out = traps & possibilities ( go+ a/ray1 try+ out ! value ( our policies by _! results1 & will+ to retrace our /eps :5 we h made a false "o4 ,! social temp]1 !re=e1 w become f> m intellig5t & reasonable ?an x has be5 hi!rto4 ,x w be sl[ to dogmatize1 & w reg>d ! tol]ation ( diff]5ces ( op9ion z among ! c>d9al pr9ciples ( a sanely progressive social ord]4 ,= z we c no long] assume1 ) ,plato & ! o!r ,utopians1 t p]fection may be po/ulat$1 provision has always to be made = ! improvem5t ( ! social ord]4 ,x c nev] be accept$ z absolutely good1 b mu/ always be reg>d$ z capable1 9 pr9ciple1 ( be+ bett]$4 ,ev5 ! be/ ( e/abli%$ in/itutions are only good relatively to ! alt]natives to :i* !y %[$ !mselves sup]ior3 "u *ang$ conditions !y may become inf]ior1 & may fail u1 or ru9 u1 if we d n make ha/e to trans=m !m into some?+ bett] fitt$ to ! new conditions4 ,h5ce ! social ord] mu/ be pla/ic1 & mu/ nev] be all[$ to gr[ rigid4 ,!re mu/ always be room 9 x = exp]im5ts t h a reasonable prospect ( turn+ out to be improvem5ts4 ,= progress w dep5d on ! timely adoption ( su* novelties4 ,b society has no means ( comm&+ !m at w4 ,x has to wait till !y occur to "s "o4 ,z biological v>iations h to arise spontane\sly be=e !y c be select$1 s valuable new ideas h to occur 9 a human m9d be=e !y c be tri$ & approv$4 ,society _c orig9ate discov]ies1 x c only refra9 f s organiz+ itself z to /amp !m out :5 !y occur4 ,x is vitally necess>y1 !re=e1 t we %\ld bew>e ( suppress+ v>iations1 :e!r ( ?\ght or ( bodily end[m5t1 t may prove to be valuable4 ,also1 ( c\rse1 we %all h to realize t our :ole proc$ure is ess5tially exp]im5tal1 & all t ?is implies4 ,we d n "k1 at ! outset1 :at w\ld be ! be/ obta9able type1 ei!r ( man or ( society2 true1 b we mean to f9d out4 ,nor is x unreasonable to expect to d s z we g along4 ,we />t ) a pretty %rewd suspicion t c]ta9 types1 say ! feeble-m9d$1 ! sickly1 ! insane1 are undesirable1 & t no good c come ( coddl+ & cultivat+ !m3 we simil>ly are pretty sure t c]ta9 o!r types1 say ! intellig5t1 heal?y1 & en]getic1 are inh]5tly sup]ior to ! =m]4 ,we try1 !re=e1 to improve & increase ! bett] types4 ,h[ precisely1 & h[ mo/ effectively we d n q "k1 ?\gh we c make pretty good prelim9>y guesses4 ,s we try4 ,t w entail exp]im5tation 9 a v>iety ( directions1 ) #8control exp]im5ts1' & a modicum ( mi/akes4 ,b our mi/akes w n be fatal1 because if we advance t5tatively & ) intellig5t appreh5sion1 we %all realize !m 9 "t1 & %all n feel b\nd to p]si/ 9 any c\rse t yields unsatisfactory results4 ,x is really "o ( ! great advantages ( eug5ics t x _c proce$ ^u any cut-&-dri$ s*eme1 b w h to be guid$ by ! results ( exp]im5t & ! fruits ( exp]i5ce1 ea* ( :i* w be foll[$ & discuss$ by an int5sely int]e/$ public4 ,= ! difficulties ( eug5ics are all difficulties ( detail1 & intellig5t att5tion to detail may ov]come !m all4 ,?us ! dysg5ical work+ ( civiliz$ society1 :i* has come ab\t un9t5tionally ?r\gh ! un=tunate conv]g5ce ( a numb] ( t5d5cies1 may be alt]$ simil>ly1 by *ang+ ! incid5ce ( social =ces4 ,,ix ,if sci5tific eug5ics c put a /op to ! contra-selection incid5tal to civilization1 ,man w recov] ! pla/icity & ! progressiv5ess he once possess$1 & w be able to evolve fur!r--9 :atev] direction seems to him be/4 ,we ne$ n take al>m at ?is possibility1 = ) 8 sup]ior k he may surely be tru/$ to make a bett] job ( 8 evolution ?an ! ,lemur & ! ,pi!can?ropus1 :o 7 our prog5itors & manag$ to evolve into mod]n man4 ,b ! process w necess>ily be a sl[ "o1 ev5 ?\gh a compreh5sive s*eme ( eug5ics w be provid+ simultane\sly two s\rces ( improvem5t1 by ! elim9ation ( defectives at ! bottom ( ! social scale1 & by ! increase ( ability at ! top4 ,z1 moreov]1 "t presses1 & %e] de/ruction may ov]take u be=e eug5ics h made mu* diff]5ce1 x w\ld be highly desirable if "s means c\ld be f\nd to accel]ate ! *ange ( he>t requir$4 ,= ?is purpose1 ,i am mu* less incl9$ to put my tru/ 9 ! advance ( ph>macology ?an ,mr ,haldane & ,mr ,russell4,d ,hi!rto new drugs h only meant new vices1 sometimes 7l coca9e7 ( s fasc9at+ a "* z to di/ract ! :ole police =ce f _! prop] function ( repress+ crime4 ,s x seems legitimate to be v sceptical ab\t moral trans=mation sc5es to be wr\ght by pills & injections4 ,on ! o!r h& !re does seem to be a sci5ce f ! possible progress ( :i* some?+ ( a s5sational k9d might n unreasonably be expect$4 ,x is1 moreov]1 ! sci5ce mo/ directly conc]n$ ) affairs ( ?is sort4 ,psy*ology1 ! sci5ce ( human m5tality1 is1 by common cons5t1 9 a deplorably backw>d /ate4 ,x has rema9$ a gr\nd = metaphysical excursions & a playgr\nd = ! arbitr>y p$antries ( classificatory sy/emati/s4 ,its ef=ts to become sci5tific h only l$ x to ape assumptions & to borr[ notions f\nd to be appropriate 9 sci5ces ) widely diff]5t problems & objects4 ,! results1 z ! psy*ologi/s !mselves confess1 are meagre & disappo9t+2 :i*1 ( c\rse1 only proves t ! borr[$ notions are inappropriate & incapable ( mak+ ,psy*ology into an effective sci5ce4 ,b if psy*ologi/s %\ld take x into _! heads to settle d[n to bus9ess1 to recognize ! prim>y obligation ( e sci5ce to develop me?ods & conceptions capable ( work+ ^u its subject-matt]1 & s tri$ to au!nticate _! #8tru?' aft] ! ord9>y fa%ion ( ! o!r sci5ces1 namely by ! pragmatic te/ ( successful work+1 "s surpris+ effects might be elicit$ ev5 f ! actual human m9d4 ,= !re is reason to suppose t its pres5t organization is v f> f be+ ! be/ ( :i* x is capable4 ,x has come ab\t 9 a v haphaz>d mann]1 & we are n at pres5t mak+ any?+ l an adequate use ( all our p[]s4 ,h5ce by *ang+ ! ge>+ & re-arrang+ ! traditional c\pl+1 s to speak1 ( our faculties1 improvem5ts might conceivably be wr\ght :i* w\ld seem to u to bord] on ! miracul\s4 ,?us a pragmatically effici5t ,psy*ology might actually inv]t ! miracle ( ,circe1 & really trans=m ! ,yahoo into a man4 ,x ,i h endeav\r$ 9 ?is v summ>y sket* to %[ t ! doom ( ,tantalus is by no means unconditional1 & t he c save himself if he *ooses1 & t by no sup]human ef=t1 b m]ely by recogniz+ facts t are "r be=e 8 nose & well )9 8 compreh5sion1 & by a little cle> ?9k+ ^u _! import4 ,b ,i w\ld n presume to pr$ict t he w save himself3 hi/ory af=ds no unambigu\s guide4 ,x seems to %[ t some?+ worse & some?+ bett] ?an :at actually happ5s is always conceivable1 & t nei!r our hopes nor our fe>s are ev] fully realiz$4 ,if s1 poor ,tantalus1 hop+ aga9/ hope1 fe>+ aga9/ reason1 may muddle along = a good :ile yet1 )\t repeat+ ei!r 8 anci5t error ( imag9+ t he c\ld sup ) ! gods1 or 8 mod]n folly ( us+ 8 reason1 z ,goe!'s ,mephi/opheles decl>$1 only to become m be/ial ?an any bea/6 ,,footnotes3 ,a ,! mo/ absurd p]haps 0 ! clause1 appe>+ 9 all ! ,peace ,treaties1 :i* made #8rep>ations' a fir/ *>ge on all ! assets ( ! defeat$ c\ntries4 ,?is1 ( c\rse1 completely de/roy$ _! cr$it1 & incapacitat$ !m f rais+ a loan1 =c+ !m to h rec\rse to progressive inflation1 & s into bankruptcy4 ,b ,?is does n mean1 ( c\rse1 t !re are no ,*ri/ians 9 ! ,*ur*es1 b only t !y are n 9 control ( ^! in/itutions4 ,c ,ic>us1 p4 #di4 ,d cf4 ,da$alus1 p4 #cd2 ,ic>us1 p4 #ed4 ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes3 ,italiciz$ text is surr\nd$ by und]scores3 italics4 ,obvi\s typographical errors h be5 correct$4