,! ,salabue ,/radiv>i4 --------------------- ,a ,hi/ory & ,critical ,description ,,( ,,! ,,fam\s ,,viol9 ,,commonly ,,call$ 8,,le ,,messie40 ,conta9+ _m p>ticul>s obta9$ f au!ntic s\rces & n[ publi%$ = ! fir/ "t4 ,illu/rat$ ) ,?ree ,col\r$ ,plates by ,,mr4 ,,%irley ,,slocombe4 -------------- ,w4 ,e4 ,,hill ,,sons1 #ch1 ,,new ,,bond ,,/reet1 ,,london1 ,w4 ,,novello1 ,,ew] ,,co41 ,,london ,,& ,,new ,,york4 ------- #ahia4 ------- ,all ,rights ,res]v$4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,novello1 ,,ew] ,,co41 ,,london1 ,w4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,prefatory ,,note4 ,,?is monograph =ms ! second numb] ( a s]ies :i* op5$ ) ! pamphlet on ! ,tuscan ,/radiv>i1 publi%$ ne>ly two ye>s ago1 :5 t rem>kable viol9 0 9 our possession4 ,our purpose 9 ^! publications is to furni% descriptive notices ( "s ( ! ma/]pieces ( viol9 mak+1 ) critical analyses ( _! *>act]i/ic features & au!ntic p>ticul>s ( _! hi/ory4 ,9 pursuance ( ?is object we h sp>$ no pa9s 9 seek+ orig9al s\rces ( in=mation1 & 9 c>efully sift+ evid5ce2 &1 by ^! means1 we hope to succe$ 9 correct+ _m ( ! loose ideas curr5t ) reg>d to ! works ( ,/radiv>i & ! o!r great mak]s1 & 9 e/abli%+ tru/wor?y data = ! guidance ( ! pres5t & future g5]ations ( devotees ( ! viol94 ,9 ! prep>ation ( ! mat]ials = ! pres5t memoir1 we h be5 greatly indebt$ to our fri5d ,signor ,f$]ico ,sac*i1 ( ,cremona1 = 8 indefatigable rese>*es at ! f\nta9-head ( in=mation on ! subject ( ,/radiv>i & 8 native t[n2 & we desire to take ?is opportunity ( ackn[l$g+ ! great value ( 8 assi/ance 9 ?r[+ light ^u _m po9ts previ\sly obscure4 ,our obs]vations ^u ! g5]al *>act]i/ics ( ! in/rum5t1 & ! comp>ative analysis ( its di/9ctive features1 are bas$ ^u a pr(essional exp]i5ce ( m ?an fifty ye>s1 engraft$ ^u family traditions 9 ! craft dat+ f ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury4 ,our own views are supplem5t$ by ! publi%$ te/imony ( sev]al au?orities ^: op9ions _c fail to comm& respect :]ev] ! "n ( ,/radiv>i is kn[n4 ,f9ally we w\ld express our obligations to ,mr4 ,rob]t ,h>rison = ! "t & ?\ght :i* he has devot$ to ! collation ( mat]ials = ! memoir1 & to 8 cong5ial task ( edit+ ! :ole "w4 ,w4 ,e4 ,,hill ,,sons4 ,,new ,,bond ,,/reet1 ,m>*1 #ahia4 ,! block on ! cov] repres5ts ! ,arms ( ! t[n ( ,cremona4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,to ,a ,,/radiv>i ,,viol94 ,o preci\s treasury ( s\nds exquisite1 ,! music ( all "t )9 !e s+s6 ,old melodies1 & qua9t /range :isp]+s ,( bye-gone songs t l+] & invite4 ,e>?'s cry ( pa91 heav5's an!ms ( delight4 ,! hopes & fe>s ( love's imag9+s1 ,all f\nd a voice ^u ?y ?rill+ /r+s6 ,?\ s+e/ /ill1 ) *anges inf9ite1 ,! heights & dep?s ( ?is /range human life ,) all its sorr[s or its ec/asies1 ,its ?\ghts unutt]$1 its mo/ voiceless cries2 ,"o pure tone ris+ always ?r\gh ! /rife ,int5se1 he>t-se>*+4 ,sorr[ 9 su* sett+ ,is a sweet dream & a m sweet =gett+4 ,f4 ,s4 ,illu/ration ,illu/ration3 ,back ( ! ,salabue ,/radiv>i4 ,v9c5t ,brooks1 ,day ,son ,li?4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration ,,! ,,salabue ,,/radiv>i4 ,,! ,exhibition ( ,anci5t ,musical ,in/rum5ts1 held at ! ,s\? ,k5s+ton ,museum 9 #ahgb1 compris$ a ,collection ( ,viol9s su* z _h nev] be=e be5 br\ght toge!r1 & af=d$ to ! musical amateur an unprec$5t$ opportunity ( /udy+ ! beauties ( "s ( ! mo/ preci\s in/rum5ts 9 ,europe4 ,( ^!1 p]haps none excit$ s mu* int]e/ among connoisseurs z a ,viol9 by ,/radiv>i1 l5t by ,msr4 ,vuillaume1 ! celebrat$ ,p>isian mak] & deal]1 & ?us describ$ by him 9 ! (ficial ,catalogue ( ! ,exhibition4#a #ia4 ,viol94 ,by ,a4 ,/radiv>ius1 #agaf4 8,le ,messie40 8,cet in/rum5t a t pe9e j\4 ,il fut a*et v]s #agfj p> le ,comte ,cozio de ,salabue1 gr& seigneur et dilettante1 qui l'a t\j\rs respect et cons]v jusqu' sa mort4 ,ses hriti]s l'ont v5du ,luigi ,t>isio1 connoisseur et fanatique d'in/rum5ts1 qui l'a cons]v sans le laiss] voir p]sonne jusqu' #ahed4 ,a l'epoque de sa mort il tait recomm5d ses hriti]s1 et ca* soigneusem5t dans la ,f]me de la ,croix1 ct du ,village de ,fontaneto1 prs de ,nov>a 7,italie74 ,c'e/ l que son propritaire actuel e/ all le *]*] dans le mois de ,janvi]1 #ahee4 ,le bois dont il e/ fait e/ rm>quable p> la ri*esse de ses ondes4 ,la p]fection du travail1 la beaut du v]nis1 ri5 ne lui manque4 ,c'e/ un violon qui semble sortir de la ma9 du matre4 ,c'e/ enf9 le seul1 l'unique in/rum5t de ,/radiv>ius1 qui soit p>v5u jusqu' n\s1 en cet tat de p>faite cons]vation2 or1 ce monum5t intact de l'anci5ne lu!rie1 cet in/rum5t que l'ar*et n' pas fait resonn] dans l'espace de plus d'un sicle et demi1 qui s'e/ ec\l depuis l'epoque de sa fabrication1 cet in/rum5t vi5t donn] un clatant dem5ti cette op9ion d'aprs laquelle le son ne p\rrait se produire libre et pur qu'aprs un long usage1 p>cequ'ici dans un in/rum5t neuf on tr\ve t\tes les qualits runies--=ce1 moelleux1 rondeur1 f9esse1 vibration facile1 ton di/+u1 noble1 incisif40 ,l5t by ,m4 ,,vuillaume1 ,,p>is4 ,! title at ! head ( ! en?usia/ic description above quot$ suffic$ 9 itself to excite ! great int]e/ exhibit$ by ! musical public 9 ?is celebrat$ in/rum5t4 ,!y saw = ! fir/ "t a viol91 long kn[n to !m by repute1 :i*1 p>tly by design & p>tly by accid5t1 _h be5 surr\nd$ ) a c]ta9 halo ( romantic my/]y1 ev] s9ce its exi/5ce _h fir/ be5 ass]t$1 & long be=e ! in/rum5t itself _h be5 actually inspect$ by any ( ! recognis$ exp]ts ( ,engl& or ,france4 ,z w be se5 lat]1 ! title 0 conf]r$ ^u x 9 connection ) its long def]r$ production to ! musical _w4 ,! extraord9>y indu/ry ( ! great ma/] ,antonio ,/radiv>i is well kn[n4 ,not)/&+ ! m9ute c>e & precision :i* *>act]is$ 8 "w1 he may safely be cr$it$ ) ! con/ruction ( n less ?an two ?\s& in/rum5ts dur+ 8 long & active life4 ,we h evid5ce t he rema9$ at 8 b5* to ! v end ( 8 days1 = 9 a docum5t to :i* fur!r ref]5ce is made bel[ we f9d m5tion ( a p]fect in/rum5t be>+ date #agcf1 ) 8 age1 inscrib$ ) 8 own h& ^u ! label z n9ety-two4#b ,! in/rum5ts made by ,/radiv>i 7 = ! mo/ "p di/ribut$ ?r\gh\t ! ,c\rts & noble h\ses ( ,europe4 ,we h records ( sev]al conc]tos ( in/rum5ts made by him ^u ! commission ( ! ,c\rts ( ,spa91 ,mod5a1 ,tuscany1 ,pol&1 & o!rs1 f ! "t :5 he began to acquire a ,european reputation4 ,among ^! 0 ! great conc]to pres5t$ by ! ,cremonese ,nobleman1 ! ,m>*ese ,b>tolommeo ,arib]ti1 to ! ,c\rt ( ,tuscany1 & conta9+ t m>vell\s in/rum5t :i*1 aft] be+ long hidd5 f ! _w1 came to light 9 rec5t times & excit$ s mu* admiration two ye>s ago1 :5 x 0 fir/ exhibit$ 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,!re 71 h[ev]1 und\bt$ly _m f9e specim5s ( 8 "w rema9+ 9 _! mak]'s h&s at ! "t ( 8 dea?1 & ^! pass$ into ! possession ( 8 family4 ,=tunately1 f a manuscript :i* rema9$ 9 ! possession ( an en?usia/ic ,cremonese *ronicl]1 ,v9c5zo ,lancetti1 we le>n ! fate ( "s ( ! in/rum5ts inh]it$ by ! great mak]'s sons4 ,lancetti 0 an active man ( lett]s1 & ! au?or ( important biographical works1 includ+ 8,cremonese ,wor?ies10 8,a ,diction>y ( ,pseudonyms10 8,a ,diction>y ( ! ,poets ,laureate ( e ,nation10 & num]\s o!r books1 publi%$ betwe5 #agif & #ahcj1 :5 he 0 9 ,milan z ,director ( ! ,ar*ives ( ! ,w> ,(fice4 ,9 #ahbc1 hav+ 9 contemplation a biographical memoir ( ! viol9 mak]s ( 8 native t[n1 he enli/$ ! assi/ance ( ! weal?y amateur & great connoisseur1 ,c\nt ,aless&ro ,cozio di ,salabue1 ( ,casale ,monf]rato 7,pi$mont47 ,! "w unhappily 0 nev] complet$1 b ,c\nt ,salabue's orig9al sket* = ! memoir 79 ! h& ( 8 amanu5sis1 "h p>tly reproduc$ 9 fac-simile7 af=ds u "s valuable in=mation on ! subject4 ,f ?is memor&um1 dat$ 8,milan1 ,janu>y1 #ahbc10 we le>n t1 9 addition to ! l>ge numb] ( ,/radiv>i's viol9s scatt]$ ?r\gh\t ,europe1 n9ety-"o 7 9 8 possession at ! "t ( 8 dea?4 ,9 #agge t5 ( ^! in/rum5ts 7 /ill 9 ! h&s ( 8 son ,paolo1 ! y\nge/ *ild ( 8 second m>riage1 :o sold !m 9 t ye>1 toge!r ) two *oice in/rum5ts by ,francesco ,/radiv>i 7! second son71 & all ! =ms1 models1 & tools left by _! fa!r1 to ! ,c\nt ,salabue1 ^: collection has become s fam\s 9 ! annals ( ! ,cremona ,s*ool4 ,! "n ( ?is amateur mu/ ev] be held 9 grateful remembrance = 8 lov+ c>e ( ! ,italian ma/]pieces4 ,x is to su* m5 t we owe ! pres]vation ( ne>ly all ! f9e/ exi/+ in/rum5ts ( ! #ag? & #ah? c5turies4 ,end[$ ) great weal? & r>e judgm5t1 he =m$ an unrivall$ repres5tative collection ( ! works ( ! great ma/]s ( ! craft1 & by 8 c>eful rese>*es amass$ an am\nt ( in=mation :i* might well h s]v$ z an invaluable tradition ( an app>5tly vani%+ art4 ,to su* a man ! acquisition ( t5 und\bt$ specim5s ( ! incomp>able ,/radiv>i mu/ h be5 "o ( ! greate/ ev5ts ( 8 life4 ,! ,c\nt's memor&um in=ms u t 8 pur*ase includ$ two ma/]pieces ( ! great mak]2 "o ( l>ge size1 ) a label be>+ date #agaf1 & ano!r ( m$ium size1 dat$ #agcf1 & be>+ on ! label ! inscription 8d'anni #ib10 9 ,/radiv>i's own h&2 bo? q new & unt\*$1 & r>e models = a good mak]4 ,! =m] in/rum5t1 ) :i* we are n[ conc]n$1 is describ$ 9 ! memor&um z ( exquisite workman%ip1 & p]fect quality ( wood1 ) a tone ( great ev5ness & p[]4 ,?is rem>kable viol91 receiv$ at fir/ h& f ! v work%op ( its great mak]1 rema9$ c>efully pres]v$ 9 ! ,c\nt ,salabue's collection at ,milan1 until aft] 8 dea?4 ,x is a notewor?y in/ance ( ! fasc9ation ex]cis$ by a p]fect viol91 t no "o ( ! successive own]s ( ?is spl5did in/rum5t1 f ,/radiv>i himself d[nw>ds1 w\ld "p ) x until call$ away by dea?4 ,aft] ! dea? ( ! ,c\nt1 8 heirs 9 #ahbg sold ! ,/radiv>i ( #agaf to a man ^: c>e] m]its a pass+ notice1 on acc\nt ( ! important "p he play$ 9 rescu+ innum]able works ( ! greate/ viol9 mak]s f obscurity &1 p]haps1 de/ruction4 ,illu/ration3 ,si' gr&e fu poi il num]o de' ,viol9i pr9cipalm5te *e fabbric esso ,antonio ,/radiv>i *e dopo ess]ne sp>si p] tutta l',europa n lasci al suo decesso4 ,no4 #ia1 entra nel #agge4 ve ne erano soltanto *e dieci *e amp] dal figlio ,paolo il suddto4 ,conte ,cozio assieme a due ,capi d'op]a di suo figlio ,francesco4 ,nella pi volte citata ,collezione del ,sigr4 ,conte ,cozio si riti5e due de' pr9cipali ,capi d'op]a di esso celeb]rimo ,antonio ,/radiv>i1 cio quello d =ma pi gr&e1 e bellissimo di lavori e di legno1 e di p]fetta qualit1 egualianza di voce1 e di gran =za portante nel ,viglietto contropo/ovi #agaf41 e'l altro sebb5e di =ma mezzana portami nel biglietto l'anno #agcf41 ed al difratto l'indicazione ,s' anni #ib4 scritta dallo /esso ,/radiv>i1 *e' assai si approssima alla p]fezione1 ed alla =za di voce del prec$5te1 ed entrambi affatto nuovi1 ad intatti p] cui' possono s]vire di scielti modelli ad un buon fabbricatore d'i/rom5ti4 ,,translation4 8,s l>ge 0 ! numb] ( 7in/rum5ts &7 especially viol9s1 made by ,/radiv>i t1 9 addition to ^? di/ribut$ ov] ! :ole ( ,europe1 n9ety-"o 7 left by him at 8 dea?4 ,9 #agge t5 ( ^! /ill rema9$ 9 ! h&s ( 8 son1 ,paolo1 & 7 !n b\ght1 toge!r ) two ma/]pieces ( 8 o!r son1 ,francesco1 by ,c\nt ,cozio4 ,9 ! collection ( ! ,c\nt ,cozio--s (t5 cit$--are two ( ! greate/ ma/]pieces ( ! mo/ fam\s ,antonio ,/radiv>i4 ,! "o1 ( l>g] size--( mo/ beautiful workman%ip & wood--( p]fect quality--hav+ a v p[]ful & ev5 tone--be>s on ! label ! date #agaf4 ,! o!r has on ! label ! date #agcf1 &1 writt5 bel[ by ,/radiv>i himself1 ! inscription 8#ib ye>s old40 ,?is viol91 ?\gh ( m$ium size1 ne>ly equals ! e>li] in/rum5t 9 p]fection & p[] ( tone4 ,bo? are q new & intact & well suit$ to s]ve z *oice models = a good in/rum5t mak]40 ,luigi ,t>isio 0 a man ( humble bir?1 & foll[$ ! call+ ( a c>p5t] 9 ! small village ( ,fontaneto1 ne> ,nov>a1 9 ,pi$mont1 :]e also ! celebrat$ ,viotti 0 born4 ,tak+ up fiddle play+ z an amusem5t1 ,t>isio 0 l$ by degrees to devote 8 att5tion to ! subtle beauties ( ! great in/rum5ts ( 8 c\ntry1 ! pursuit ( :i* became ! absorb+ passion ( 8 life4 ,s /rong 0 its influ5ce t he left 8 trade & home to w&] ab\t ! c\ntry 9 se>* ( viol9s4 ,! exp]i5ce ?us acquir$ soon taught him to appreciate ! m]its ( ! great creations ( ,brescia1 ,cremona1 & ! o!r homes ( viol9 mak+ 9 ,italy1 & ! comm]cial in/9ct1 :i* =m$ s m>k$ an elem5t ( 8 "*1 conv9c$ him t ! increas+ dem& = ^! in/rum5ts might be turn$ to pr(itable acc\nt4 ,x mu/ be rememb]$ t 9 ^? days ! works ( ! lead+ ,italian mak]s _h 9 great "p rema9$ 9 _! native c\ntry1 & 9 _! orig9al condition2 b !y 7 n1 z is popul>ly suppos$1 to be f\nd 9 ! h&s ( peasants 9 out-(-!-way villages4 ,t>isio c\ld h>dly fail to become aw>e ( ! treasures amass$ by ,c\nt ,cozio di ,salabue1 ^: e/ate 0 ne> to 8 own native prov9ce1 & he avail$ himself ( ! opportunity af=d$ by ! dea? ( t great en?usia/1 & ! p>tial disp]sion ( 8 collections1 to ga9 possession ( "s ( ! gems1 :i* he _h probably long covet$4 ,h[ mu* ( ! ,c\nt's collection came into ! h&s ( ,t>isio is n record$1 b evid5ce is =?com+ t ! p]fect ,/radiv>i ( #agaf became ! prop]ty ( ! humble ,italian c>p5t] 9 #ahbg4 ,:5 he _h accumulat$ a /ock ( in/rum5ts :i* he believ$ w\ld comm& a m>ket 9 any ( ! ,european capitals1 he det]m9$ to try 8 =tunes 9 ,p>is4 ,he rea*$ t city = ! fir/ "t 9 #ahbg1 travell+1 x is said1 on foot1 9 ord] to save 8 purse4 ,al?\gh furni%$ 9 ! fir/ in/ance ) ! less r>e specim5s ( 8 collection he soon f\nd a ready dem& = ! goods ( :i* he _h !n almo/ a monopoly1 &1 enc\rag$ by ! lead+ deal]s ( ,p>is1 he soon e/abli%$ a regul> trade ) t city1 mak+ p]iodical visits ?i!r1 sep>at$ by int]vals :i* he devot$ to collect+ 9 8 own c\ntry2 &1 on ea* occasion1 a/\nd+ 8 =eign fri5ds by "s fre% evid5ce ( 8 judgm5t & good =tune 9 secur+ ! ma/]pieces ( ,cremona & ,brescia4 ,e>ly 9 ! c\rse ( 8 relations ) ! ,p>isian deal]s1 he began to talk ( ! wond]ful ,/radiv>i :i* he _h obta9$ f ! ,salabue collection2 b he 0 c>eful nev] to br+ x ) him to ,france1 rely+ on reit]ation ( its wondr\s qualities to create a suffici5tly acute curiosity among 8 cu/om]s4 ,s long 0 ?is my/]y ma9ta9$ t ,t>isio & 8 ,salabue became a byeword among ! deal]s ( ,p>is1 & gave rise to ! "n by :i* ! viol9 has ev] s9ce be5 kn[n4 ,on "o occasion ,t>isio 0 enl>g+ ^u 8 fav\rite !me to ,vuillaume1 :5 ,al>d1 ! viol9i/1 :o 0 pres5t1 exclaim$3 8,ah a1 votre violon e/ donc comme le ,messie2 on l'att5d t\j\rs1 et il ne p>ait jamais40 ,! viol91 z ,vidal says1 80 baptis$60 ,t>isio1 h[ev]1 c\ld nev] be p]suad$ to produce 8le ,messie10 & at 8 dea?1 9 ,octob]1 #ahed1 ! _w _h /ill only ! tradition ( its excell5ce4 ,! celebrat$ au?or1 ,mr4 ,*>les ,reade1 :o 0 himself a great en?usia/ & no mean connoisseur1 & 9 8 e>li] days an import] ( ,italian in/rum5ts1 ref]s1 9 "s notes on ?is viol91 to ,t>isio's reluctance to produce x4 ,! man's dea? 0 9 keep+ ) 8 life4 ,! possessor ( priceless specim5s ( ! in/rum5ts he lov$1 he liv$ 9 p5ury1 & 0 f\nd dead 9 8 g>ret 9 ,milan1 surr\nd$ by fiddles1 l>ge1 small1 p]fect1 & imp]fect1 pil$ up on ! floor 9 cases1 hung ^u ! walls1 & ev5 f ! raft]s ( ! mis]able attic t he made 8 home4#c ,_m *>act]i/ic anecdotes are relat$ ( ?is /range man :i* _c f9d a place 9 our brief notice1 & = :i* ! curi\s read] is ref]r$ to ! notes ( ,mr4 ,*>les ,reade1 giv5 9 8,readiana10 & to o!r works4 ,mr4 ,reade says ( him1 writ+ f p]sonal k1 8,! man's :ole s\l 0 9 fiddles4 ,he 0 a great deal]1 b a great] amateur1 = he _h gems by him no money w\ld buy f him40 ,relatives 7 soon f\nd to claim ! effects ( ! deceas$ collector2 & ?ree mon?s aft]w>ds ! news ( 8 dea? rea*$ ,p>is1 :]e x creat$ no small flutt] among ! deal]s & amateurs1 :o 7 well aw>e t ! %abby ,italian mu/ h left a magnific5t collection ( in/rum5ts4 ,! mo/ em95t ( all t ,p>is community1 ,j4 ,b4 ,vuillaume1 lo/ no "t 9 plac+ himself 9 communication ) ,t>isio's heirs1 ) a view to ! acquisition ( 8 treasures1 & />t$ = ,italy on ! #h? ,janu>y1 #ahee4 ,!re1 at ! small f>m ,de la ,croix1 ne> ,fontaneto1 :i* _h belong$ to ,t>isio1 he f\nd ! relatives assembl$ ) e appe>ance ( ! mo/ sordid pov]ty4 ,8 fir/ "q 01 8,:]e are ! in/rum5ts80 8,at ,milan10 0 ! answ]2 8b six viol9s are "h10 & !re 9 a corn] ( ! room 7 six cases4 ,vuillaume 0 n sl[ to inspect _! cont5ts1 kneel+ ^u ! floor1 on :i* !y 7 pil$ 9 default ( furniture1 & "o aft] ! o!r he drew =? five spl5did in/rum5ts--fir/ a magnific5t ,/radiv>i1 !n a beautiful ,giuseppe ,gu>ni]i2 next a ,c>lo ,b]gonzi1 9 p]fect pres]vation1 & two almo/ unt\*$ ,guadagn9i1 & la/ly ! gem ( ! collection1 ! long talk$ ( 8new0 ,/radiv>i ( #agaf--,le ,messie4 ,vuillaume's exp]i5c$ eye at once recognis$ ! ju/ification ( all ,t>isio's raptures ov] ?is in/rum5t1 &1 det]m9$ by :at he _h already se51 he ent]$ into negotiations :i* result$ 9 ! pur*ase ( ! :ole ( ! collection4 ,! pur*ase 0 complet$ at a price :i* has be5 /at$ at #c1aff1 an am\nt :i* ,vuillaume probably m ?an realis$ )\t p>t+ ) ! mo/ preci\s treasure ( !m all4 ,?is he kept z ! apple ( 8 eye = tw5ty ye>s1 & be=e pursu+ its =tunes f>!r1 we may glance 9 pass+ at ! life ( ! man :o is entitl$ to %>e ) ,c\nt ,cozio di ,salabue1 & ,t>isio1 ! *ief cr$it ( hav+ rescu$ & pres]v$ "o ( ! greate/ ma/]pieces t h issu$ f ,cremona4 ,jean ,bapti/e ,vuillaume 0 born 9 #agih at ,mirec\rt1 :]e 8 fa!r & gr&fa!r be=e him _h foll[$ ! call+ ( viol9 mak]s1 & :]e he s]v$ 8 appr5tice%ip to ! craft4 ,at n9ete5 ye>s ( age he made 8 way to ,p>is1 :]e he obta9$ an engagem5t z workman ) ! eld] ,*anot 7,francis71 ) :om he rema9$ until #ahba1 :5 he ent]$ ! s]vice ( an organ build] nam$ ,lt1 :o also dealt 9 viol9s1 & ) :om he 0 tak5 into p>tn]%ip 9 #ahbe4 ,9 #ahbh1 happily m>ri$1 & =tifi$ ) consid]able exp]i5ce1 graft$ on a /rong natural intellig5ce1 he laun*$ himself on a c>e] :i* made 8 "n fam\s 9 ! annals ( viol9 mak+4 ,sprung f an indu/ri\s & ?rifty work+ class1 he _h lo/ no opportunity ( p]fect+ 8 k ( ! in/rum5t to :i* he devot$ 8 tal5ts & ! application ( 8 :ole life4 ,( all ! great ,italian ma/]s ( viol9-mak+ ,/radiv>i 0 always 8 ideal1 & by con/ant /udy1 & cultivation ( 8 own r>e natural p[]s ( obs]vation1 he acquir$ su* an intimate k & judgm5t ( ,/radiv>i's "w 9 e detail1 t he might almo/ be said to be bett] acqua9t$ ) t mak]'s in/rum5ts ?an ! ma/] himself4 ,vuillaume soon f\nd ! sale ( viol9s1 issu$ z new works1 )\t any semblance ( antiquity1 an unpr(itable und]tak+1 &1 recogniz+ ! gr[+ dem& 9 all p>ts ( ! _w = in/rum5ts resembl+ ! great works ( ,cremona1 he det]m9$ to apply 8 great skill z a workman1 & 8 extraord9>y famili>ity ) ,/radiv>i's models1 to ! con/ruction ( fai?ful copies ( t great mak]'s works4 ,?is 0 ! f\ndation ( 8 success1 = ! mod]n copies f\nd a ready sale1 & ord]s p\r$ 9 ^u ,vuillaume f all p>ts ( ! _w4 ,^! in/rum5ts1 imitations ?\gh !y 71 _h high intr9sic m]it2 & x is to be rememb]$ t !y 7 copies made f unrivall$ models1 ) a fidelity & c>e su* z only a devot$ wor%ipp] & a great ma/] ( 8 art c\ld atta94 ,he sp>$ no pa9s 9 /riv+ aft] p]fection 9 ! quality ( 8 mat]ials1 & he treat$ ! obscure & difficult problem ( v>ni% 7! secret ( :i*1 z appli$ by ! old ,italian ma/]s1 seems to h di$ ) !m7 ) a success :i* has probably n be5 equall$ by any o!r mak] s9ce _! "t4 ,! numb] ( ^! in/rum5ts be>+ 8 "n is enorm\s1 upw>ds ( two ?\s& five hundr$ be+ kn[n to exi/2 & _m ( !m he made ?r\gh\t ) 8 own h&4 ,!y 7 almo/ always numb]$ inside1 9 ! middle ( ! back1 9 p5cil1 & we h x on ! be/ au?ority t e in/rum5t 0 v>ni%$ by 8 own h&4 ,9 a lett] writt5 by ,vuillaume 9 #ahge1 a few weeks be=e 8 dea?1 to ! well-kn[n ,p>isian viol9 mak]1 ,m4 ,silve/re1 !n liv+ 9 ,lyons1 he says3 8,i h complet$ ?ree ?\s& in/rum5ts1 all sold1 paid =1 & ! money sp5t1 & x af=ds me great satisfaction40 ,to return to 8,le ,messie40 ,?is wond]ful in/rum5t rema9$ 9 ,vuillaume's possession until 8 dea?4 ,he kept x = inspection 9 a glass case1 & nev] all[$ x to be t\*$1 ev5 by ! mo/ exp]i5c$ h&s1 z we c p]sonally te/ify4 ,^! precautions gave rise to ! rum\r ( its be+ a viol9 ( 8 own con/ruction1 & ! /atem5t writt5 by him inside ! belly has1 !re=e1 an additional int]e/ & importance4 ,we h "s int]e/+ records ( ! anxieties att5dant ^u su* preci\s possessions1 9 a correspond5ce :i* pass$ betwe5 ,vuillaume & ,madame ,al>d 78 daught]7 at ! "t ( ! ,franco-,g]man w>4 ,on ! #cj? ( ,augu/1 #ahgj1 he wrote--8,9 my la/ ,i spoke to y ( ,al>d's ,viol91 ( my #8,messie1' & ( c]ta9 valuables :i* ,i h "h4 ,i d n "k :at to d ) !m1 =1 if "o survives1 "o w be able to recov] ! valuables :5 ! hubbub is ov]1 z "s s\s c be buri$2 b viol9s _c be buri$40 ,9 ano!r lett] he wrote--8,i d n "k :at to d ) ! preci\s ?+s ,i h2 fir/1 !re are y\r viol9s--:at ought ,i to d ) !m8 ,! boxes ( plate1 my m$als1 & ! #8,messie'--:]e ought ,i to place all ^! 9 case ( pillage80 ,! m$als ref]r$ to are no d\bt ^? conf]r$ ^u him 9 connection ) ! ,p>is ,exhibitions ( #ahbg1 #ahcd1 #ahci1 #ahdd1 #ahee1 & ! ,great ,exhibition 9 ,engl& ( #ahea4 ,aga9 he wrote on ! #ac? ( ,septemb]--8,i am go+ to hide y\r husb&'s viol9s ) ! #8,messie4' ,i h f\nd q a safe hid+ place protect$ f fire--#8puis la grce de ,dieu'60 8,le ,messie0 happily escap$ ! dang]s appreh5d$ by ,vuillaume1 & aft] 8 dea? 7#ai? ,m>*1 #ahge71 9 ! abs5ce ( def9ite in/ructions z to its disposal1 x 0 inh]it$ by 8 only *ildr51 ,jeanne ,emilie & ,claire ,m>ie1 9 common4 ,! =m] 0 ! wife ( ,m4 ,al>d1 ! viol9i/1 & ! second daught] _h m>ri$ ,m4 ,me/ay]1 9 ^: *>ge ! viol9 0 left1 toge!r ) o!r valuable in/rum5ts1 dur+ ,vuillaume's abs5ce f ,p>is 9 ! t]rible "t ( ! ,commune4 ,aft] 8 dea? ! viol9 0 valu$ = ! e/ate at #a1jjj1 & 9 #ahgg ,m4 ,al>d b\ght out 8 si/]-9-law's half-%>e = #ejj & ?us became1 ?r\gh 8 wife1 ! entire own]4 ,vuillaume probably consid]$ x unnecess>y dur+ 8 lifetime to pres5t ,al>d ) ?is viol91 z he 0 already well provid$ ) in/rum5ts1 & _h ! *oice ( "s ( ! f9e/ t pass$ ?r\gh ,vuillaume's h&s4 ,^! includ$ ! fam\s ,/radiv>i kn[n z ! 8,al>d10 ! f9e ,giuseppe ,gu>ni]i1 dat$ #agdb 7pres5t$ aft] ,al>d's dea? to ! ,p>is ,cons]vatoire71 & ! ,gr& ,nicolo ,amati1 dat$ #afde1 n[ 9 ! possession ( ,b>on ,knoop4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,back ( ! ,salabue ,/radiv>i ,v9c5t ,brooks1 ,day ,son ,li? ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,delph9 ,al>d 0 ! mo/ em95t repres5tative ( ! mod]n ,fr5* s*ool ( viol9 play+4 ,aft] /udy+ z a pupil ( ! ,p>is ,cons]vatoire1 he 9 #ahdc succe$$ ,baillot z pr(essor1 & a*iev$ a great reputation bo? z p]=m] & tea*]1 & z ! au?or ( a viol9 s*ool & editor ( classical compositions = t in/rum5t4 ,he numb]$ among 8 pupils _m :o h s9ce di/+ui%$ !mselves1 & notably ! celebrat$ viol9i/ ,seor ,s>asate4 ,at ,al>d's dea?1 on ,febru>y #bb1 #ahhh1 8,le ,messie0 came into ! possession ( 8 wid[ & two daught]s1 ,madame ,guesnet & ,madame ,cr\--he1 l ,vuillaume1 hav+ left no directions z to ! disposal ( 8 in/rum5ts4 ,on ! dea? ( ,madame ,al>d1 ,m4 ,cr\1 on behalf ( 8 wife & h] si/]1 sold ! viol91 on ! #e? ,may1 #ahij1 to u1 on behalf ( ,mr4 ,r4 ,craw=d1 an en?usia/ic amateur1 ( ,tr9ity1 ,ed9burgh1 = ! sum ( #ej1jjj francs 7#b1jjj71 :i* is ! l>ge/ au!nticat$ am\nt ev] paid = a viol94 ,x is int]e/+ to comp>e ^! figures ) ,mr4 ,*>les ,reade's e/imate ( ! value ( ! in/rum5t 9 #ahgb at #fjj 7see 8,readiana074 ,hav+ trac$ f au!ntic s\rces ! unbrok5 record ( ?is fam\s viol91 let u exam9e ! *>act]i/ic features ( an in/rum5t :i* has excit$ ! unqualifi$ admiration & ambition ( ! fir/ mak]s & connoisseurs ( ,europe4 ,! plates :i* accompany ?is memoir h be5 admirably execut$ by ,mr4 ,%irley ,slocombe1 & reproduc$ by *romo-li?ography "u ! direction ( ,mr4 ,alfr$ ,slocombe2 & !y (f] an accurate & beautiful repres5tation ( ! in/rum5t4 ,! /rik+ orig9ality ( ,/radiv>i's "w ass]ts itself 9 ne>ly all 8 productions1 !re be+ h>dly an in/rum5t ( 8 :i* is n *>act]is$ by "s features peculi> to itself4 ,! ,salabue viol9 has sev]al unmi/akable *>act]i/ics4 ,! mo/ orig9al & di/9ctive is ! height & pron\nc$ %>pness ( ! wave-l ridge1 bord]+ ! surfaces ( ! back & belly close to ! outl9e4 ,9 o!r in/rum5ts ( ! same mak] ?is ridge is mu* r\nd] 9 =m4 ,let u fur!r illu/rate ! po9t4 ,! purfl+1 :i* is sunk 9 ! wood at ab\t "o-eigh? ( an in* f ! outl9e1 lies g5]ally at ! bottom ( a holl[ :i* =ms ! l[e/ portion ( ! surface4 ,9 our example ! surface rises outw>ds f ! purfl+ 9 a concave curve to a great] height & to a m %>ply def9$ ridge ?an 9 any o!r ,/radiv>i in/rum5t kn[n to u4 ,ano!r di/9ctive feature is ! =m ( ! corn]s1 :i* are cut m squ>e ?an any we h se54 ,bo? ^! features are acc5tuat$ by ! absolute fre%ness ( ! in/rum5t4 ,! s\nd holes are m slant+ ?an is usual 9 in/rum5ts ( ?is p]iod1 al?\gh ?is 0 less r>e 9 ^? ( e>li] date4 ,9 fact1 we h se5 no o!r ,/radiv>i viol9 ( ! ye>s #agae1 #agaf1 #agag1 or #agah ) s\nd holes simil>ly plac$4 ,! model ( ! viol9 is decid$ly flat1 especially 9 ! belly1 b ! g5ius ( ! ma/] ass]ts itself 9 ! comp5sation he has provid$ 9 ! height ( ! sides4 ,! wood leaves little to be desir$4 ,! back1 9 two pieces1 has a broad1 h&somely m>k$ curl1 :ile ! p9e ( ! belly has a f9e silky gra91 nei!r too co>se nor too f9e4 ,! sides & head1 z well z ! neck1 :i* is orig9al1 are p]haps a little pla9 9 comp>ison ) ! back2 b ! great ,italians nev] tr\bl$ ab\t mat*+ ! sides & head to ! back1 z is ! cu/om among mod]n mak]s4 ,x is n uncommon to meet ) in/rum5ts ) ! back cut 9 slab =m1 & ! sides & head cut on ! qu>t]4 ,mr4 ,*>les ,reade 9 "s notes 9 8,readiana10 f :i* we h already quot$1 ref]s to :at he calls a crack 9 ! viol94 ,! m>k :i* has giv5 rise to 8 /atem5t is 9 reality "o ( ?ree insignificant & almo/ imp]ceptible %akes 9 ! wood1 su* z frequ5tly appe> dur+ ! season+ ( ! p9e blocks us$ = bellies4 ,^! %akes are easily glu$ & !n become invisible2 b are op5$ aga9 by exposure to ! sun dur+ ! dry+ ( ! v>ni%4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 9 no s5se defects4 ,! v>ni% is a /udy 9 itself1 = x is unt\*$ & unrubb$1 z if x _h be5 laid on ye/]day4 ,x has n p]haps ! lusci\s ri*ness ( "s ( ,/radiv>i's in/rum5ts1 & x appe>s dri] & less ?ickly laid on ?an usual 9 viol9s ( ! same p]iod4 ,?is is especially noticeable on ! sides1 :]e ! gra9 ( ! wood rose z ! v>ni% 0 appli$ to x1 & /ill /&s up z on ! day :5 ! bru% left x4 ,on ! head aga9 "o c cle>ly see :]e ! v>ni% accumulat$ slightly z x fl[$ r\nd ! volute4 ,su* details z ^! c\ld n be trac$ b = ! wond]ful pres]vation ( ! v>ni%4 ,! necessity ( op5+ ! in/rum5t1 9 ord] to ins]t a /rong] bass b>1 gave u an opportunity ( exam9+ ! inside1 :i* is z rem>kable z ! outside4 ,?is is only ! second occasion on :i* ! viol9 has be5 op5$ 9 ! c\rse ( its exi/5ce4 ,vuillaume op5$ x1 & took ! opportunity to write inside on ! belly ! foll[+ inscription1 :i* af=ds valuable corroborative evid5ce ( ! au!nticity ( ! record already giv54 ,illu/ration3 8a*ette p> ,t>isio au ,cte ,cossio de ,salabue an #ahbg a*ette p> ,vuillaume le #ab4 ,janr #ahee ,le ,messie0 ,! bass b> :i* ,vuillaume !n fitt$ 0 n /rong en\gh1 & all[$ aft] a "t a slight depression ( ! belly1 necessitat+ ! r5ewal above ref]r$ to4 ,except+ = ! *ange ( b>1 ev]y?+ inside is z ,/radiv>i left x4 ,! blocks & l9+s1 consid]$ 9 relation to ! ?icknesses1 are a model ( consi/5cy1 nei!r heavy nor flimsy1 made ( ! lighte/ & t\ghe/ wood we "k1 & all f9i%$ ) ! g\ge & knife alone4 ,/radiv>i evid5tly disda9$ ! sup]ficial f9i% giv5 by mod]n copyi/s to _! int]ior "w by ! free use ( glass pap]4 ,! ?icknesses ( belly & back1 a po9t on :i* ,/radiv>i appe>s to h made num]\s exp]im5ts1 are ( 8 /\te/4 ,! :it5ess ( ! label1 & ! v>iance ( ! in/rum5t 9 "s features f ! *>act]i/ic /yle ( t p]iod ( ,/radiv>i's "w1 h giv5 rise on diff]5t occasions to ! supposition t ! label 0 n g5u9e1 & t ! viol9 0 ( a lat] date2 b ! c>eful exam9ation :i* we made ( ! int]ior :5 ! belly 0 remov$1 has enabl$ u to f9ally dispose ( ?is idea4 ,! label has nev] be5 mov$ s9ce ,/radiv>i fix$ x 9 its place1 nor h ! figures ^u x be5 tamp]$ ) 9 any way4#d ,details ( con/ruction1 su* z we h exam9$ 9 ! prec$+ p>agraphs1 (f]$1 to a man ( ,/radiv>i's great orig9ality1 scope = almo/ endless v>iety ( treatm5t1 :i* has furni%$ u ) a key to ! pron\nc$ di/9ctions betwe5 8 in/rum5ts & o!rs ( ! ,italian s*ool4 ,9 ! ,brescian in/rum5ts1 = in/ance1 !re is1 z a g5]al rule1 no holl[+ ne> ! edges ( ! backs & bellies1 nor any bord]+ ridge l t discuss$ above4 ,!y consequ5tly h an appe>ance ( /r5g? & solidity1 b lack ! /yle & elegance ( ! ,cremona s*ool4 ,! ,amati family1 on ! o!r h&1 gift$ ) a ke5 s5se ( h>mony & beauty ( =m1 gave p]fect expression to ^! ideas 9 _! works2 b1 un=tunately1 at "s sacrifice ( dignity ( appe>ance4 ,/radiv>i atta9$ ! happy mean betwe5 ^! two extremes1 & c>ri$ 8 ideas into execution ) su* p]fection ( detail1 t all 8 successors h _h to cont5t !mselves ) ! rle ( copyi/s1 & none h be5 f\nd to improve ^u _! model4 ,!re c be no d\bt t ! ,salabue ,viol9 has ex]cis$ a /rong influ5ce ^u mod]n copyi/s4 ,! ,tur9 mak]1 ,press5da 7#aggg to #ahed71 :o 0 acqua9t$ ) ,c\nt ,salabue1 & 8 pupil ,rocca 7d4 #ahfb71 :o knew ,t>isio1 7 evid5tly famili> ) ! in/rum5t4 ,rocca 9 p>ticul> w\ld seem to h made x 8 ideal1 = we f9d reproduc$ 9 ne>ly all 8 copies ( ,/radiv>i ! *>act]i/ic %>p bord]+ ridge1 slant+ s\nd holes1 & g5]al flat model ( ! ,salabue4 ,z soon z x came into ,vuillaume's possession1 he set to "w to reproduce x 9 e detail1 & 8 copies ( ?is in/rum5t are unque/ionably ! f9e/ viol9s he made4 ,!y are true to ! orig9al 9 be>+ no traces ( we>2 b a few ( !m are fitt$ ) c>v$ pegs & tailpiece simil> to ^? add$ by him & /ill atta*$ to ! ,salabue4 ,! c>v+ on ! tailpiece repres5ts ! figure ( ! ,madonna ) ! infant ,*ri/4 ,ne>ly all ! o!r ,p>isian & ,mirec\rt mak]s 9 turn h copi$ ,vuillaume1 b )\t 8 advantages 9 ability1 & 9 hav+ ! orig9al model to "w f4 ,! copies ( ! pres5t day are becom+ 9 consequ5ce m & m ridicul\s exagg]ations ( ! peculi> features ( ! ,salabue4 ,! ye> #agaf appe>s n to h be5 prolific ( great works f ,/radiv>i1 z we "k at pres5t ( only "o f9e viol9 ( t ye> beside ! ,salabue4 ,?is is ! "o kn[n z ! ,cessol1 belong+ to ,mr4 ,william ,croall4 ,! previ\s ye>1 #agae1 produc$ five fam\s viol9s1 two n[ belong+ to ,h]r ,joa*im1 "o to ,seor ,s>asate1 "o to ,g4 ,haddock1 ,esq41 & ano!r kn[n z ! ,al>d4 ,! ye> #agag aga9 produc$ two notable in/rum5ts1 a viol9 belong+ to ,j4 ,g4 ,or*>1 ,esq41 & ! well-kn[n violoncello = _m ye>s ! prop]ty ( ,bonamy ,dobree1 ,esq41 & n[ 9 ! possession ( ,e4 ,i4 ,hold51 ,esq4 ,= an appreciative description ( ! beauties ( ! ,salabue we may quote an en?usia/1 ! ,rev4 ,h4 ,r4 ,haweis1 ^: writ+s & lectures ^u 8 fav\rite /udy h made ! "n ( ,/radiv>i famili> to ?\s&s ( ! ,engli%-speak+ p4 ,mr4 ,haweis1 ref]r+ to ! exhibition ( ! in/rum5t 9 ,london1 9 #ahgb1 wrote--8,x is = ! fir/ "t unveil$ 9 all its intact glory to ! gaze ( ?\s&s to :om = ye>s x has be5 a k9d ( my?4 ,x is z ?\gh ! ivory ,m9]va ( ,phidias1 t /ood once 9 ! ,p>!non1 %\ld be discov]$ hidd5 away ) ! utmo/ c>e 9 "s deep dry & h]metically-seal$ sepul*re ( ! ,ea/1 & br\ght ov] sca!less to be set up amid/ ! ,elg9 fragm5ts4 ,s /&s ?is mat*less new viol9 amid/ its "t-worn1 rubb$1 & fractur$ bre?r54 ,x is ( ! gr& patt]n2 x is massive )\t look+ massive2 its /r5g? is hidd5 b5ea? its grace4 ,! back is 9 two p>ts2 ! wood v *oice4 ,! f9e gra9+ ( ! flat belly is rem>kable4 ,! holes are delicately cut1 ! left f a %ade l[] ?an ! "r2 a practice s common t x mu/ h be5 int5tional ) ,/radiv>ius1 8 f9e eye n tol]at+ ev5 !re a suspicion ( me*anical "w4 ,we see 9 ?is viol9 :at ! p]fect ,/radiv>i corn]s 74 ,9 almo/ e o!r kn[n specim5 ! corn]s & ! wood are bo? rubb$4 ,9 ,le ,messie !y are unt\*$ & clean-look+2 wondr\sly %>p & wide awake1 yet )\t vulg>ity1 & ( a p]fect f9i%4 ,! ease & neatness ( ! purfl+ is incomp>able1 & ov] ! :ole in/rum5t lies a ?ick ri* r$ br[n v>ni% wondr\s to behold2 ! wa%+ ( x is level & lavi%1 & unworn by "t or use4 ,! bru% seems to h left x ab\t a week4 ,! neck has be5 l5g!n$ by ,m4 ,vuillaume4 ,! head is light & graceful r ?an heavy or p[]ful1 ! scroll ?r[n (f l a ribbon lightly curl$ r\nd ! f+] & drawn 92 "o side ( ! scroll is slightly l[] ?an ! o!r1 ! flut+ smoo?1 ) a surface l t ( cle> /ill wat]1 & ! l9es ( ! scroll pick$ out ) a ?ick rim ( black v>ni% t s]ves to acc5tuate ! outl9es ( ! head1 j z purfl+ calls att5tion to ! cont\r ( ! back & belly4 ,9 ne>ly e o!r viol9 ?is black head-rim has be5 almo/ entirely effac$1 b 9 ,le ,messie x rema9s to %[ u ! mak]'s int5tion4 ,he meant y to take up 8 viol9 & see at a glance its :ole outl9e trac$ & emphasiz$ by a %>p purfl+ c>ri$ out 9 ! head by a deep rim ( black v>ni%4 ,?is brood+ ov] ! beauty ( curves1 ?is anxiety t !y %\ld be manife/ to all m5 is mo/ in/ructive & t\*+2 nei!r ! purfl+ nor ! black v>ni% add$ to ! tone1 nor ev5 ! pres]vation ( ! in/rum5t--x 0 ! art in/9ct ( ! old mak]s pi]c+ ! manufacture40 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,illu/ration3 ,side view ( ! ,salabue ,/radiv>i ,v9c5t ,brooks ,day ,son ,li?4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,t ard5t /ud5t & devotee ( ! viol91 ,mr4 ,*>les ,reade1 has made "s sugge/ive rem>ks ^u ! me?od ( v>ni%+ :i* he suppos$ ,/radiv>i to h pursu$2 &1 z ,mr4 ,reade makes ref]5ce to ! ,salabue1 8 words may prove ( int]e/ 9 ! pres5t connection4 ,he pref]r$ to describe ! viol9 z ! ,vuillaume ,/rad1 & :ile agree+ ) 8 objection to ! "n :i* has clung to x1 we regret t ! title conf]r$ ^u x by ,t>isio1 ! 8,salabue10 has n be5 reta9$4 ,t "n has ! m]it ( hi/orical di/9ctiv5ess1 & w\ld create a mo/ desirable prec$5t 9 viol9 nom5clature1 z a set (f to ! absurd & confus+ nicknames :i* h become s common4 ,!re are no less ?an ?ree 8,jupit] ,/rads02 "o 8,emp]or ,/rad02 two 8,k+0 ,josephs 7,gu>ni]i72 & ano!r ( ! same mak] call$ 8,le ,diable40 ,mr4 ,reade beg9s ) "s g5]al sugge/ions z to ! great mak]'s me?od1 & says3 8,he began ) ?ree or f\r coats ( oil v>ni% conta9+ "s common gum4 ,he !n laid on sev]al coats ( r$ v>ni% made by simply dissolv+ "s f9e r$ unadult]at$ gum 9 _s2 ! _s evaporat$ & left pure gum ly+ 9 a ri* oil v>ni% f :i* x *ips by its dry nature & its utt] want ( *emical aff9ity to ! sub/ratum4444 ,! ,vuillaume ,/rad1 n be+ worn1 does n assi/ u 9 ?is p>ticul> l9e ( argum5t2 b x does n contradict u4 ,inde$ !re are a few little *ips 9 ! top v>ni% ( ! back1 & !y reveal a het]og5e\s v>ni% bel[1 ) its ri* yell[ col\r l ! bottom v>ni% ( ! ,pawle bass4 ,moreov]1 if y look at ! top v>ni% closely y %all see :at y nev] see 9 a new viol9 ( our day2 n a vulg> gl>e ^u ! surface1 b a g5tle inw>d fire4 ,n[ t inw>d fire1 ,i assure y1 is ma9ly caus$ by ! oil v>ni% bel[2 ! orange v>ni% above has a het]og5e\s foil bel[4 ,t inw>d gl[ is *>act]i/ic ( all foils4 ,if y c\ld see ! ,vuillaume ,/radiv>ius at night1 & move x ab\t 9 ! light ( a c&le1 y w\ld be amaz$ at ! fire ( ! foil & ! refraction ( light4444 8,a viol9 v>ni%$ z ,i h indicat$ w look a little bett] ?an o!r new viol9s f ! fir/2 ! back w look ne>ly z well z ! ,vuillaume ,/radiv>ius1 b n q4 ,! belly w look a little bett] if prop]ly prep>$2 w %[ ! fibre ( ! deal bett]4444 8444 ,s&-pap] is a great enemy to v>ni%2 x drives m wood-du/ into ! pores ?an y c bl[ out4444 ,! back ( ! ,vuillaume ,/radiv>ius1 :i* is ! f9e/ "p1 has cle>ly n be5 s&-pap]$ 9 places1 s probably n at all40 ,) reg>d to ! tone ( ! in/rum5t1 "s comm5ts writt5 9 #ahfd by ! well-kn[n au?ority1 ,f4 ,j4 ,fetis1 are wor?y ( repetition4 ,he writes ( ! ,salabue ,/radiv>i3 8,?is g5u9e memorial ( anci5t manufacture--?is in/rum5t :i* has n res\nd$ "u ! b[ = ne>ly a c5tury & a half--gives /rik+ refutation to ! idea t a free & pure tone _c be produc$ f a viol9 until aft] x has be5 long 9 use2 = "h1 9 ?is new in/rum5t1 we f9d 9 comb9ation all ! qualities ( p[]1 mell[ness1 r\ndness1 delicacy1 fre$om1 ) a noble & p5etrat+ tone4 ,9 a ^w1 ?is viol9 is a type ( ext]nal beauty & ( sonor\s p]fection40 ,nev]!less x is our op9ion aft] a c>eful trial t ! in/rum5t w\ld be greatly improv$ 9 tone by fur!r use4 ,^! descriptions ( "o ( ! f9e/ in/rum5ts 9 exi/5ce1 f ! h&s ( devot$ & dis9t]e/$ lov]s ( ! ,cremona h&iwork1 leave h>dly any?+ to be add$ except ! exact measurem5ts ( ! viol91 :i* are z foll[s3-- ,illu/ration3 ,height ( sides3--,at ! top1 #a in*es2 at ! bottom1 #a in*es4 ,! label affix$ to ,le ,messie is pres5t$ bel[ 9 fac-simile4 ------------------------------------- ,antonius ,/radiv>ius ,cremon5sis ,faciebat ,anno #agaf ------------------------------------- ----- ,footnote #a3 ,?is acc\nt co9cides almo/ ^w = ^w ) a notice ( ! in/rum5t by ,f4 ,j4 ,fetis quot$ 9 "p on p4 #cj ( ?is "w4 ,footnote #b3 ,! article on ,/radiv>i 9 ,grove's ,diction>y ( ,music assigns eighty-eight z ! mak]'s age at 8 dea?1 b ! evid5ce ( ,c\nt ,salabue1 quot$ at p4 #ab1 confirm$ by fur!r evid5ce lately obta9$ f au!ntic in/rum5ts ( ?is mak]1 po9t to ! conclusion t he liv$ c]ta9ly to #agcg1 :5 he _h ent]$ 8 n9ety-f\r? ye>4 ,?is conclusion ref]s 8 bir? to ! ye> #afdd1 :i* w\ld accord m naturally ) ! ev5ts ( 8 life ?an ! lat] date sugge/$ 9 ,grove4 ,?is "q w be treat$ m fully 9 a future publication4 ,footnote #c3 ,! in=mation "h giv5 conc]n+ ,t>isio has be5 obta9$ by ,signor ,sac*i1 *iefly f ! late ,enrico ,c]uti1 ! la/ desc5dant ( an old family ( viol9 mak]s 9 ,cremona4 ,footnote #d3 ,!re is a curi\s mi/ake 9 ,m4 ,vidal's valuable rec5t "w 8,la ,lu!rie10 9 :i* ! transcript ( ! label accompany+ ! illu/ration ( 8le ,messie0 be>s ! date #agae4 ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,all spell+ & hyph5ation has be5 reta9$ f ! orig9al text4 ,pg4 #ab3 ,note #a3 ,?is transcription ( ! h&writt5 ,italian is z close to ! orig9al z c\ld be det]m9$1 b complete accuracy isn't gu>ante$4 ,pg4 #bg3 ,note #b3 ,bold f is "h sub/itut$ = a small inl9e figure ( a viol9 f-hole 9 ! orig9al text4