,,home ,,vegetable ,,g>d5+ ,a ,,complete ,,& ,,practical ,,guide ,,to ,,! ,,plant+ ,,& ,,c>e ,,( ,,all ,,vegetables1 ,,fruits ,,& ,,b]ries ,,wor? ,,gr[+ ,,= ,,home ,,use ,,by ,f4 ,f4 ,,rockwell ,au?or ( ,ar\nd ! ,ye> 9 ! ,g>d51 ,g>d5+ ,indoors & ,"u ,glass1 ,! ,key to ! ,l&1 etc41 etc4 ,,preface ,) "s1 ! home vegetable g>d5 is a hobby2 ) o!rs1 especially 9 ^! days ( high prices1 a great help4 ,!re are _m 9 bo? classes ^: exp]i5ce 9 g>d5+ has be5 re/rict$ )9 v n>r[ b\nds1 & ^: pres5t sp>e "t = g>d5+ is limit$4 ,x is z fir/ aid to su* p]sons1 :o want to d practical1 effici5t g>d5+1 & d x ) ! lea/ possible fuss & loss ( "t1 t ?is book is writt54 ,9 8 own exp]i5ce ! au?or has f\nd t g>d5 books1 :ile seldom lack+ 9 in=mation1 (t5 d n pres5t x 9 ! cle>e/ possible way4 ,x has be5 8 aim to make ! pres5t volume fir/ ( all practical1 & 9 addition to t1 ?\gh compreh5sive1 yet simple & concise4 ,if x helps to make ! way ( ! home g>d5] m cle> & def9ite1 its purpose w h be5 accompli%$4 ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,i ,,introduction ,,ii ,,:y ,,y ,,%\ld ,,g>d5 ,,iii ,,requisites ,,( ,,! ,,home ,,vegetable ,,g>d5 ,,iv ,,! ,,plant+ ,,plan ,v ,,implem5ts ,,& ,,_! ,,uses ,,vi ,,manures ,,& ,,f]tiliz]s ,,vii ,,! ,,soil ,,& ,,its ,,prep>ation ,,"p ,,two--,,vegetables ,,viii ,,/>t+ ,,! ,,plants ,,ix ,,s[+ ,,& ,,plant+ ,x ,,! ,,cultivation ,,( ,,vegetables ,,xi ,,! ,,vegetables ,,& ,,_! ,,special ,,ne$s ,,xii ,,be/ ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,! ,,g>d5 ,,vegetables ,,xiii ,,insects ,,& ,,disease1 ,,& ,,me?ods ,,( ,,fight+ ,,!m ,,xiv ,,h>ve/+ ,,& ,,/or+ ,,"p ,,?ree--,,fruits ,,xv ,,! ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,pome ,,& ,,/one ,,fruits ,,xvi ,,plant+2 ,,cultivation2 ,,fill] ,,crops ,,xvii ,,prun+1 ,,spray+1 ,,h>ve/+ ,,xviii ,,b]ries ,,& ,,small ,,fruits ,,xix ,a ,,cal5d> ,,( ,,op]ations ,,xx ,,conclusion ,,*apt] ,i ,,introduction ,=m]ly x 0 ! cu/om = g>d5]s to inve/ _! labors & a*ievem5ts ) a my/]y & secrecy :i* might well h disc\rag$ any amateur f trespass+ ^u su* difficult gr\nd4 ,trade secrets 9 ei!r fl[] or vegetable gr[+ 7 acquir$ by ! appr5tice only ?r\gh practice & obs]vation1 & 9 turn jeal\sly gu>d$ by him until pass$ on to "s y\ng] bro!r 9 ! pr(ession4 ,e g>d5 op]ation 0 made to seem a wond]ful & difficult und]tak+4 ,n[1 all t has *ang$4 ,9 fact ! p5dulum has swung1 z x usually does1 to ! o!r extreme4 ,(t51 if y are a beg9n]1 y h be5 flatt]+ly told 9 pr9t t y c\ld f ! beg9n+ d j z well z ! exp]i5c$ g>d5]4 ,my g>d5 fri5d1 x _c1 z a usual ?+1 be done4 ,( c\rse1 x may happ5 & sometimes does4 ,y might1 be+ a tru/+ lamb1 g d[n into ,wall ,/reet ) #aj1jjj ,ed4 ,note3 all monet>y values ?r\gh\t ! book are #aiaa values & make a =tune4 ,y "k t y w\ld n be likely to2 ! *ances are v mu* aga9/ y4 ,?is g>d5 bus9ess is a matt] ( common s5se2 & ! man1 or ! woman1 :o has le>n$ by exp]i5ce h[ to d a ?+1 :e!r x is corn]+ ! m>ket or gr[+ cabbages1 naturally does x bett] ?an ! "o :o has n4 ,d n expect ! impossible4 ,if y d1 read a p\ltry adv]tisem5t & g into ! h5 bus9ess in/ead ( try+ to g>d54 ,i h gr[n pumpk9s t necessitat$ ! te>+ d[n ( ! f5ce 9 ord] to get !m out ( ! lot1 & sometimes1 ?\gh n frequ5tly1 h _h to use ! axe to cut ?r\gh a /alk ( asp>agus1 b ,i nev] made #ag1jjj 9 t5 mon?s f an eggplant 9 a city back-y>d4 ,no1 if y are go+ to take up g>d5+1 y w h to "w1 & y w h a great _m disappo9tm5ts4 ,all t ,i1 or anyone else1 c\ld put betwe5 ! two cov]s ( a book w n make a g>d5] ( y4 ,x mu/ be le>n$ ?r\gh ! f+]s1 & back1 too1 z well z f ! pr9t$ page4 ,b1 aft] all1 ! greate/ rew>d = y\r ef=ts w be ! "w itself2 & unless y love ! "w1 or h a feel+ t y w love x1 probably ! be/ way = y1 is to /ick to ! groc] = y\r g>d54 ,mo/ ?+s1 9 ! c\rse ( developm5t1 *ange f ! simple to ! complex4 ,! art ( g>d5+ has 9 _m ways be5 an exception to ! rule4 ,! me?ods ( culture us$ = _m crops are m simple ?an ^? 9 vogue a g5]ation ago4 ,! la/ fifty ye>s has se5 also a trem5d\s advance 9 ! v>ieties ( vegetables1 & ! /range ?+ is t 9 _m in/ances ! new & bett] sorts are m easily & quickly gr[n ?an ^? !y h replac$4 ,! new lima beans are an in/ance ( :at is meant4 ,:ile limas h always be5 appreciat$ z "o ( ! mo/ delici\s ( vegetables1 9 _m sections !y c\ld nev] be successfully gr[n1 because ( _! av]sion to dampness & cold1 & ( ! long season requir$ to mature !m4 ,! new] sorts are n only l>g] & bett]1 b h>di] & e>li]2 & ! bu% =ms h made !m /ill m g5]ally available4 ,k on ! subject ( g>d5+ is also m widely diffus$ ?an ev] be=e1 & ! sci5ce ( photography has help$ wond]fully 9 tell+ ! newcom] h[ to d ?+s4 ,x has also l5t an impetus & furni%$ an inspiration :i* words alone c\ld nev] h done4 ,if "o 7 to attempt to read all ! g>d5+ in/ructions & sugge/ions be+ publi%$1 he w\ld h no "t left to practice g>d5+ at all4 ,:y !n1 ! read] may ask at ?is po9t1 ano!r g>d5 book8 ,x is a p]t95t "q1 & x is "r t an answ] be expect$ 9 advance4 ,! reason1 !n1 is ?is3 :ile !re are g>d5 books 9 pl5ty1 mo/ ( !m pay m att5tion to ! cont5t ?an to ! =m 9 :i* x is laid be=e ! prospective g>d5]4 ,! mat]ial is (t5 pres5t$ z an accumulation ( detail1 in/ead ( by a sy/ematic & con/ructive plan :i* w take ! read] /ep by /ep ?r\gh ! "w to be done1 & make cle> con/antly bo? ! pr9ciples & ! practice ( g>d5 mak+ & managem5t1 & at ! same "t avoid e digression unnecess>y f ! practical po9t ( view4 ,o!r books aga91 are ei!r s elem5t>y z to be ( little use :]e g>d5+ is done )\t gloves1 or too elaborate1 h[ev] accurate & wor?y 9 o!r respects1 = an e-day work+ manual4 ,! au?or feels1 !re=e1 t !re is a di/9ct field = ! pres5t book4 ,&1 :ile ,i /ill h ! read] by ! introduction buttonhole1 ,i want to make a sugge/ion or two ab\t us+ a book l ?is4 ,d n1 on ! "o h&1 read x ?r\gh & !n put x away ) ! diction>y & ! family ,bible1 & tru/ to memory = ! in/ruction x may give2 d n1 on ! o!r h&1 wait until y ?9k x is "t to plant a ?+1 & !n g & look x up4 ,= in/ance1 d n1 ab\t ! middle ( ,may1 beg9 inve/igat+ h[ _m onion se$s to put 9 a hill2 y w f9d out t !y %\ld h be5 put 91 9 drills1 six weeks be=e4 ,read ! :ole book ?r\gh c>efully at y\r fir/ opportunity1 make a li/ ( ! ?+s y %\ld d = y\r own vegetable g>d51 & put opposite !m ! prop] dates = y\r own vic9ity4 ,keep ?is available1 z a work+ guide1 & ref] to special matt]s z y get to !m4 ,d n feel disc\rag$ t y _c be promis$ imm$iate success at ! />t4 ,i "k f p]sonal exp]i5ce & f ! exp]i5ce ( o!rs t book-g>d5+ is a practical ?+4 ,if y d y\r "w c>efully & ?or\ghly1 y may be confid5t t a v great measure ( success w rew>d ! ef=ts ( y\r fir/ g>d5 season4 ,& ,i "k too1 t y w f9d x ! mo/ entranc+ game y ev] play$4 ,good luck to y6 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,:y ,,y ,,%\ld ,,g>d5 ,!re are m reasons to-day ?an ev] be=e :y ! own] ( a small place %\ld h 81 or h]1 own vegetable g>d54 ,! days ( home weav+1 home *eese-mak+1 home meat-pack+1 are gone4 ,) a ?\s& & "o o!r ?+s t us$ to be made or done at home1 !y h left ! fireside & foll[$ ! factory *imney4 ,^! ?+s c\ld be turn$ ov] to ma*9]y4 ,! gr[+ ( vegetables _c be s dispos$ (4 ,g>d5 tools h be5 improv$1 b !y are /ill ! same old "o-man affairs--do+ "o ?+1 "o r[ at a "t4 ,labor is /ill ! big factor--& t1 tak5 9 comb9ation ) ! co/ ( transport+ & h&l+ su* p]i%able /uff z g>d5 produce1 expla9s :y ! home g>d5] c gr[ 8 own vegetables at less exp5se ?an he c buy !m4 ,t is a good fact to rememb]4 ,b aft] all1 ,i d\bt if mo/ ( u w look at ! matt] only aft] consult+ ! columns ( ! h\sehold l$g]4 ,! big ?+1 ! sali5t feature ( home g>d5+ is n t we may get our vegetables t5 p] c5t4 *eap]1 b t we c h !m "o hundr$ p] c5t4 bett]4 ,ev5 ! long-keep+ sorts1 l squa%1 potatoes & onions1 are v p]ceptibly m delici\s "r f ! home g>d51 fre% f ! v9es or ! gr\nd2 b :5 x comes to peas1 & corn1 & lettuce1--well1 !re is absolutely no?+ to comp>e ) ! home g>d5 ones1 ga!r$ fre%1 9 ! e>ly slant+ sunlight1 /ill gemm$ ) dew1 /ill crisp & t5d] & juicy1 ready to c>ry e atom ( savory quality1 )\t loss1 to ! d9+ table4 ,/ale1 flat & unpr(itable inde$1 aft] ^! h once be5 ta/$1 seem ! limp1 travel-we>y1 du/y ?+s t are j\nc$ ar\nd to u 9 ! but*]'s c>t & ! groc]y wagon4 ,x is n 9 price alone t home g>d5+ pays4 ,!re is ano!r po9t3 ! m>ket g>d5] has to gr[ ! ?+s t give ! bigge/ yield4 ,he has to sacrifice quality to quantity4 ,y d n4 ,"o _c buy ,gold5 ,bantam corn1 or ,mignonette lettuce1 or ,gradus peas 9 mo/ m>kets4 ,!y are top quality1 b !y d n fill ! m>ket crate en\gh times to ! r[ to pay ! comm]cial gr[]4 ,if y _c af=d to keep a pr(essional g>d5] !re is only "o way to h ! be/ vegetables--gr[ y\r own6 ,& ?is br+s u to ! ?ird1 & :at may be ! mo/ important reason :y y %\ld g>d54 ,x is ! *eape/1 heal?ie/1 ke5e/ pleasure !re is4 ,give me a sunny g>d5 pat* 9 ! gold5 spr+time1 :5 ! trees are pick+ out _! new g[ns1 9 all ! v>i\s self-color$ delicate grays & gre5s--/range h[ beautiful !y are1 9 ! same old un*ang+ /yles1 isn't x8--give me se$s to wat* z !y f9d ! light1 plants to t5d z !y take hold 9 ! f9e1 loose1 ri* soil1 & y may h ! o!r sports4 ,& :5 y h gr[n tir$ ( _! monotony1 come back 9 summ] to ev5 ! smalle/ g>d51 & y w f9d 9 x1 e day1 a new problem to be solv$1 a new campaign to be c>ri$ out1 a new victory to w94 ,bett] food1 bett] heal?1 bett] liv+--all ^! ! home g>d5 (f]s y 9 abundance4 ,& ! price is only ! price ( e wor?-:ile ?+--hone/1 *e]ful pati5t "w4 ,b en\gh = n[ ( ! dream g>d54 ,put d[n y\r book4 ,put on y\r old togs1 light y\r pipe--"s k9d-he>t$ humanit>ian %\ld devise = wom5 su* a k9dly & com=t+ vice z smok+--& let's g outdoors & look ! place ov]1 & pick out ! be/ spot = t g>d5-pat* ( y\rs4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,requisites ,,( ,,! ,,home ,,vegetable ,,g>d5 ,9 decid+ ^u ! site = ! home vegetable g>d5 x is well to dispose once & = all ( ! old idea t ! g>d5 pat* mu/ be an ugly spot 9 ! home surr\nd+s4 ,if ?\ghtfully plann$1 c>efully plant$ & ?or\ghly c>$ =1 x may be made a beautiful & h>moni\s feature ( ! g5]al s*eme1 l5d+ a t\* ( com=table homel9ess t no %rubs1 bord]s1 or b$s c ev] produce4 ,) ?is fact 9 m9d we w n feel re/rict$ to any "p ( ! premises m]ely because x is out ( sight beh9d ! b>n or g>age4 ,9 ! av]age mod]ate-siz$ place !re w n be mu* *oice z to l&4 ,x w be necess>y to take :at is to be _h & !n d ! v be/ t c be done ) x4 ,b !re w probably be a good deal ( *oice z to1 fir/1 exposure1 & second1 conv5i5ce4 ,o!r ?+s be+ equal1 select a spot ne> at h&1 easy ( access4 ,x may seem t a diff]5ce ( only a few hundr$ y>ds w mean no?+1 b if "o is dep5d+ l>gely ^u sp>e mom5ts = work+ 9 & = wat*+ ! g>d5--& 9 ! gr[+ ( _m vegetables ! latt] is almo/ z important z ! =m]--?is matt] ( conv5i5t access w be ( mu* great] importance ?an is likely to be at fir/ recogniz$4 ,n until y h _h to make a doz5 "t-wa/+ trips = =gott5 se$s or tools1 or gott5 y\r feet soak+ wet by go+ out ?r\gh ! dew-dr5*$ grass1 w y realize fully :at ?is may mean4 ,,exposure ,b ! ?+ ( fir/ importance to consid] 9 pick+ out ! spot t is to yield y happ9ess & delici\s vegetables all summ]1 or ev5 = _m ye>s1 is ! exposure4 ,pick out ! e>lie/ spot y c f9d--a plot slop+ a little to ! s\? or ea/1 t seems to cat* sun%9e e>ly & hold x late1 & t seems to be out ( ! direct pa? ( ! *ill+ nor? & nor!a/ w9ds4 ,if a build+1 or ev5 an old f5ce1 protects x f ?is direction1 y\r g>d5 w be help$ along wond]fully1 = an e>ly />t is a great big factor t[>d success4 ,if x is n already protect$1 a bo>d f5ce1 or a h$ge ( "s l[-gr[+ %rubs or "y ev]gre5s1 w add v greatly to its usefulness4 ,! importance ( hav+ su* a protection or %elt] is altoge!r und]e/imat$ by ! amateur4 ,,! ,,soil ,! *ances are t y w n f9d a spot ( ideal g>d5 soil ready = use any:]e ^u y\r place4 ,b all except ! v wor/ ( soils c be br\ght up to a v high degree ( productiv5ess-- especially su* small areas z home vegetable g>d5s require4 ,l>ge tracts ( soil t are almo/ pure s&1 & o!rs s heavy & mucky t = c5turies !y lay uncultivat$1 h frequ5tly be5 br\ght1 9 ! c\rse ( only a few ye>s1 to :]e !y yield annually trem5d\s crops on a comm]cial basis4 ,s d n be disc\rag$ ab\t y\r soil4 ,prop] treatm5t ( x is mu* m important1 & a g>d5- pat* ( av]age run-d[n1--or nev]-br\ght-up soil--w produce mu* m = ! en]getic & c>eful g>d5] ?an ! ri*e/ spot w gr[ "u av]age me?ods ( cultivation4 ,! ideal g>d5 soil is a ri*1 s&y loam4 ,& ! fact _c be ov]emphasiz$ t su* soils usually are made1 n f\nd4 ,let u analyze t description a bit1 = "r "h we come to ! fir/ ( ! f\r all-important factors ( g>d5+--food4 ,! o!rs are cultivation1 moi/ure & temp]ature4 ,ri* 9 ! g>d5]'s vocabul>y means full ( plant food2 m ?an t--& ?is is a po9t ( vital importance--x means full ( plant food ready to be us$ at once1 all prep>$ & spread out on ! g>d5 table1 or r 9 x1 :]e gr[+ ?+s c at once make use ( x2 or :at we t]m1 9 "o ^w1 available plant food4 ,practically no soils 9 long- inhabit$ communities rema9 naturally ri* en\gh to produce big crops4 ,!y are made ri*1 or kept ri*1 9 two ways2 fir/1 by cultivation1 :i* helps to *ange ! raw plant food /or$ 9 ! soil into available =ms2 & second1 by manur+ or add+ plant food to ! soil f outside s\rces4 ,s&y 9 ! s5se "h us$1 means a soil conta9+ en\gh p>ticles ( s& s t wat] w pass ?r\gh x )\t leav+ x pa/y & /icky a few days aft] a ra92 light en\gh1 z x is call$1 s t a h&ful1 "u ord9>y conditions1 w crumble & fall ap>t readily aft] be+ press$ 9 ! h&4 ,x is n necess>y t ! soil be s&y 9 appe>ance1 b x %\ld be friable4 ,loam3 a ri*1 friable soil1 says ,web/]4 ,t h>dly cov]s x1 b x does describe x4 ,x is soil 9 :i* ! s& & clay are 9 prop] proportions1 s t nei!r greatly pr$om9ate1 & usually d>k 9 color1 f cultivation & enri*m5t4 ,su* a soil1 ev5 to ! untra9$ eye1 j naturally looks z if x w\ld gr[ ?+s4 ,x is rem>kable h[ quickly ! :ole physical appe>ance ( a piece ( well cultivat$ gr\nd w *ange4 ,an in/ance came "u my notice la/ fall 9 "o ( my fields1 :]e a /rip conta9+ an acre _h be5 two ye>s 9 onions1 & a little piece jutt+ (f f ! middle ( ?is _h be5 prep>$ = !m j "o season4 ,! re/ _h n receiv$ any extra manur+ or cultivation4 ,:5 ! field 0 pl[$ up 9 ! fall1 all ?ree sections 7 z di/9ctly noticeable z ?\gh sep>at$ by a f5ce4 ,& ,i "k t next spr+'s crop ( rye1 be=e x is pl[$ "u1 w %[ ! l9es ( dem>cation j z pla9ly4 ,?is1 !n1 w give y an idea ( a good g>d5 soil4 ,p]haps 9 y\rs !re w be too mu* s&1 or too mu* clay4 ,t w be a disadvantage1 b "o :i* en]gy & p]sev]ance w soon ov]come to a great ext5t--by :at me?ods may be le>n$ 9 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,dra9age ,!re is1 h[ev]1 "o o!r ?+ y mu/ look out = 9 select+ y\r g>d5 site1 & t is dra9age4 ,dig d[n eight or twelve in*es aft] y h pick$ out a favorable spot1 & exam9e ! sub-soil4 ,?is is ! second /rata1 usually ( diff]5t texture & color f ! ri* surface soil1 & h>d] ?an x4 ,if y f9d a s&y or gravelly b$1 no matt] h[ yell[ & poor x looks1 y h *os5 ! "r spot4 ,b if x be a /iff1 heavy clay1 especially a blue clay1 y w h ei!r to dra9 x or be cont5t ) a v late g>d5--t is1 unless y are at ! top ( a knoll or on a slope4 ,*apt] ,,vii conta9s fur!r sugge/ions 9 reg>d to ?is problem4 ,,soil ,,antec$5ts ,!re 0 a fur!r reason =1 m5tion+ t /rip ( onion gr\nd4 ,x is a v practical illu/ration ( :at la/ ye>'s h&l+ ( ! soil means to ?is ye>'s g>d54 ,if y c pick out a spot1 ev5 if x is n ! mo/ desirable 9 o!r ways1 t has be5 well enri*$ or cultivat$ = a ye> or two previ\s1 take t = ?is ye>'s g>d54 ,& 9 ! meantime h ! spot on :i* y int5d to make y\r p]man5t vegetable g>d5 ?or\ghly fitt$1 & gr[ !re ?is ye> a crop ( potatoes or sweet corn1 z sugge/$ 9 ,*apt] ,,ix4 ,!n next ye> y w h conditions j "r to give y\r vegetables a great />t4 ,,o!r ,,consid]ations ,!re are o!r ?+s ( m9or importance b wor? consid]+1 su* z ! %ape ( y\r g>d5 plot1 = in/ance4 ,! m ne>ly rectangul>1 ! m conv5i5t x w be to "w & ! m easily kept clean & neat4 ,h x l>ge en\gh1 or at lea/ op5 on two ends1 s t a horse c be us$ 9 pl[+ & h>r[+4 ,& if by any means y c h x )9 rea* ( an adequate supply ( wat]1 t w be a trem5d\s help 9 seasons ( protract$ dr\ght4 ,!n aga91 if y h gr\nd en\gh1 lay (f two plots s t y c take advantage ( ! practice ( rotation1 alt]nat+ grass1 potatoes or corn ) ! vegetable g>d54 ,( c\rse x is possible to practice crop rotation to "s ext5t )9 ! limits ( ev5 ! small vegetable g>d51 b x w be mu* bett]1 if possible1 to rotate ! entire g>d5-pat*4 ,all ^! ?+s1 !n1 "o has to keep 9 m9d 9 pick+ ! spot be/ suit$ = ! home vegetable g>d54 ,x %\ld be1 if possible1 ( conv5i5t access2 x %\ld h a w>m exposure & be well enri*$1 well work$-up soil1 n too light nor too heavy1 & by all means well dra9$4 ,if x has be5 ?or\ghly cultivat$ = a ye> or two previ\s1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,if x is ne> a supply ( wat]1 s situat$ t x c be at lea/ pl[$ & h>r[$ ) a horse1 & l>ge en\gh to all[ ! g>d5 prop] to be %ift$ e o!r ye> or two1 /ill m ! bett]4 ,fill all ( ^! requirem5ts t y c1 & !n by tak+ full advantage ( ! advantages y h1 y c disc\nt ! disadvantages4 ,aft] all x is c>eful1 p]si/5t "w1 m ?an natural advantages1 t w tell ! /ory2 & a good g>d5 does n gr[--x is made4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,! ,,plant+ ,,plan ,hav+ select$ ! g>d5 spot1 ! next consid]ation1 naturally1 is :at %all be plant$ 9 x4 ,! old way 0 to get a few se$ catalogues1 pick out a li/ ( ! vegetables mo/ en?usia/ically describ$ by ! 7:olly dis9t]e/$7 se$sman1 & !n1 :5 ! "t came1 to put !m 9 at "o or two plant+s1 & s[+ ea* k9d z f> z ! se$ w\ld g4 ,!re is a bett] way--a way to make ! g>d5 produce m1 to yield ?+s :5 y want !m1 & 9 ! prop] proportions4 ,all ^! advantages1 y may suppose1 mu/ mean m "w4 ,on ! contr>y1 h[ev]1 ! new way makes v mu* less "w & makes results a hundr$ p] c5t4 m c]ta94 ,x is n necess>y ev5 t m ?\ght be put ^u ! g>d51 b =e?\ght !re mu/ be4 ,=e?\ght1 h[ev]1 is mu* m satisfactory ?an h9d-?\ght4 ,9 ! new way ( g>d5+ !re are f\r great helps1 f\r ?+s t w be ( great assi/ance to ! exp]i5c$ g>d5]1 & t are indisp5sable to ! success ( ! beg9n]4 ,!y are ! ,plant+ ,plan1 ! ,plant+ ,table1 ! ,*eck ,li/ & ! ,g>d5 ,record4 ,d n become disc\rag$ at ! =midable s\nd ( t p>agraph & decide t aft] all y d n want to fuss s mu* ov] y\r g>d52 t y are do+ x = ! fun ( ! ?+ anyway1 & su* intricate sy/ems w n be wor? bo!r+ )4 ,! purpose ( ^? f\r g>d5 helps is simply to make y\r "w less & y\r returns m4 ,y might j z well refuse to use a :eel hoe because ! tr[el 0 good en\gh = y\r gr&mo!r's g>d51 z to refuse to take advantage ( ! mod]n g>d5 me?ods describ$ 9 ?is *apt]4 ,)\t us+ !m to "s ext5t1 or 9 "s modifi$ =m1 y c nev] "k j :at y are do+ ) y\r g>d5 or :at improvem5ts to make next ye>4 ,( c\rse1 ea* ( ! plans or li/s sugge/$ "h is only "o ( _m possible comb9ations4 ,y %\ld be able to f9d1 or bett] /ill to con/ruct1 simil> ones bett] suit$ to y\r individual ta/e1 ne$ & opportunity4 ,t1 h[ev]1 does n less5 ! necessity ( us+ "s su* sy/em4 ,x is j z necess>y an aid to ! maximum effici5cy 9 g>d5+ z are mod]n tools4 ,d n fe> t y w wa/e "t on ! plant+ plan4 ,ma/] x & use x1 = only s c y make y\r g>d5 "t c\nt = mo/ 9 produc+ results4 ,9 ! av]age small g>d5 !re is a v l>ge p]c5tage ( wa/e--= two weeks1 m /r+ beans ?an c be eat5 or giv5 away2 & !n1 = a mon?1 none at all1 = in/ance4 ,y %\ld det]m9e ahead z ne>ly z possible h[ mu* ( ea* vegetable y\r table w require & !n try to gr[ en\gh ( ea* = a cont9u\s supply1 & no m4 ,x is j ?is t ! plant+ plan enables y to d4 ,i %all describe1 z briefly z possible1 =ms ( ! plant+ plan1 plant+ table1 *eck li/ & record1 :i* ,i h f\nd x conv5i5t to use4 ,to make ! ,plant+ ,plan take a %eet ( :ite pap] & a rul] & m>k (f a space ! %ape ( y\r g>d5--:i* %\ld be rectangul> if possible--us+ a scale ( "o-qu>t] or "o-eigh? in* to ! foot4 ,r[s fifty feet long w be f\nd a conv5i5t l5g? = ! av]age home g>d54 ,9 a g>d5 :]e _m v>ieties ( ?+s are gr[n x w be be/ to run ! r[s ! %ort way ( ! piece4 ,we w take a fifty-foot r[ = ! purpose ( illu/ration1 ?\gh ( c\rse x c readily be *ang$ 9 proportion :]e r[s ( t l5g? c n conv5i5tly be made4 ,9 a v small g>d5 x w be bett] to make ! r[1 say1 tw5ty-five feet long1 ! aim be+ always to keep ! r[ a unit & h z few brok5 ones z possible1 & /ill n to h to plant m ( any "o ?+ ?an w be ne$$4 ,9 assign+ space = ! v>i\s vegetables sev]al ?+s %\ld be kept 9 m9d 9 ord] to facilitate plant+1 replant+ & cultivat+ ! g>d54 ,^! c mo/ quickly be realiz$ by a glance at ! plan illu/rat$ h]e)4 ,y w notice t crops t rema9 sev]al ye>s--rhub>b & asp>agus--are kept at "o end4 ,next come su* z w rema9 a :ole season--p>snips1 c>rots1 onions & ! l4 ,& f9ally ^? t w be us$ = a succession ( crops--peas1 lettuce1 sp9a*4 ,moreov]1 tall-gr[+ crops1 l pole beans1 are kept to ! nor? ( l[] ones4 ,9 ! plan illu/rat$ ! space giv5 to ea* v>iety is allott$ accord+ to ! proportion 9 :i* !y are ord9>ily us$4 ,if x happ5s t y h a special weakness = peas1 or y\r "m-9-law an av]sion to pepp]s1 keep ^! ta/es & simil> ones 9 m9d :5 lay+ out y\r plant+ plan4 ,d n leave ! plann+ ( y\r g>d5 until y are ready to put ! se$s 9 ! gr\nd & !n d x all 9 a ru%4 ,d x 9 ,janu>y1 z soon z y h receiv$ ! new ye>'s catalogues & :5 y h "t to /udy ov] !m & look up y\r record ( ! previ\s ye>4 ,e h\r sp5t on ! plan w mean sev]al h\rs sav$ 9 ! g>d54 ,! ,plant+ ,table is ! next important sy/em 9 ! bus9ess ( g>d5+1 especially = ! beg9n]4 ,9 x "o c see at a glance all ! details ( ! p>ticul> treatm5t ea* vegetable requires-- :5 to s[1 h[ deep1 h[ f> ap>t ! r[s %\ld be1 etc4 ,i rememb] h[ _m trips f g>d5 to h\se to hunt ?r\gh catalogues = j su* in=mation ,i made 9 my fir/ two seasons' g>d5+4 ,h[ mu* "t1 j at ! v busie/ season ( ! :ole ye>1 su* a table w\ld h sav$6 ---------------------------------------- -------------- #j #e #aj #ae #bj #be #cj #ce #dj #de #ej ---------------------------------------- ------------- #j ,,pa ,,rhub>b-#b ,,rs ,,se$ ,,b$ ,,le88 #e ,y ---------------------------------------- --------- ,,asp>agus-#b #aj------------------------------------- ------------ ,,pole ,,beans-#b #ae------------------------------------- ------------ ,,tomatoes-#a ---------------------------------------- --------- #bj ,,cabbage ,,e>ly-#a ,,late -#a ---------------------------------------- --------- #be ,,broccoli-#a ,,brussels ,,spr\ts-#a ,,pepp]s-#a ,,egg ,,plant-#a ---------------------------------------- --------- #cj ,,cel]y-#a ---------------------------------------- --------- #ce ,,onions-#e-a_/b ,,leeks-#a_/b ---------------------------------------- --------- #dj ,,c>rots-#d ---------------------------------------- --------- #de ,,beets-#d ---------------------------------------- --------- #ej ,,turnips-#a-a_/b ,,rutabaga-#a_/b ,,p>snips-#a ---------------------------------------- --------- #ee #fj ,,corn-#d #fe ---------------------------------------- --------- #gj #ge ,,peas-#d #hj------------------------------------- ------------ ,,bu% ,,beans-#c #he------------------------------------- ------------ ,,lettuce-#b #ij ,,onion ,,sets-#a ,,endive-#a ---------------------------------------- --------- ,,muskmelons-#f ,,hills ,,cucumb]s-#g ,,hills #ie------------------------------------- ------------ ,,pumpk9s-#d;,h ,,wat]melons-#e;,h #ajj ---------------------------------------- --------- ,,summ] ,,squa%1 ,,bu%-#h;,h #aje ,,w9t] ,,squa%-#e;,h ,,summ] ,,squa%1 ,,v9e-#e;,h #aaj------------------------------------ ------------- ,a typical ,plant+ ,plan4 ,! scale measurem5ts at ! left & top indicate ! l5g? & di/ance ap>t ( r[s4 ,,ed4 ,di/ances are approximate1 due to typ+ l9e con/ra9ts4 ,! ,plant+ ,table prep>$ = "o's own use %\ld %[1 besides ! in=mation giv51 ! v>ieties ( ea* vegetable :i* exp]i5ce has prov$ be/ adapt$ to "o's own ne$s4 ,! table %[n h]e) gives su* a li/2 v>ieties :i* are = ! mo/ "p /&>d favorites & all ( :i*1 ) me1 h prov5 reliable1 productive & ( good quality4 ,o!r good sorts w be f\nd describ$ 9 ,"p ,two4 ,su* a table %\ld be m\nt$ on c>dbo>d & kept :]e x may readily be ref]r$ to at plant+ "t4 ,! ,*eck ,li/ is ! c\nt]p>t ( ! plant+ table1 s arrang$ t its use w prev5t any?+ f be+ ov]look$ or left until too late4 ,prep>e x ahead1 "s "t 9 ,janu>y1 :5 y h "t to ?9k ( ev]y?+4 ,make x up f y\r plant+ table & f ! previ\s ye>'s record4 ,f ?is li/ x w be well to put d[n on a %eet ( pap] ! ?+s to be done ea* mon? 7or week7 & cross !m (f z !y are att5d$ to4 ,)\t "s su* sy/em x is almo/ a c]ta9ty t y w ov]look "s important ?+s4 ,! ,g>d5 ,record is no less important4 ,x may be kept 9 ! simple/ sort ( way1 b be sure to keep x4 ,a l>ge piece ( pap] rul$ z foll[s1 = in/ance1 w require only a few m9utes' att5tion ea* week & yet w prove ( ! greate/ assi/ance 9 plann+ ! g>d5 next season4 ,,vegetable ,,g>d5 ,,record--#aiaj ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,,vegetable ,,v>iety ,,put ,,9 ,,ready ,,notes ---------------------------------------- -------------------------- ,beans1 dw>f ,r$ ,val5t9e ,may #aj ,july #f ,n be/ quality4 ,try o!r e>lies ,gold5 ,wax ,may #ae ,july #bb ,ru/$4 ,spray next ye> ,bean1 pole ,old ,home/ead ,may #af ,july #bf ,too _m4 #f poles next ye> ,e>ly ,levia?an ,may #be ,aug4 #ai ,good4 ,dry4 ,bean1 lima ,=dhook ,may #ae ,rott$4 ,try ,may #be ,beet ,egyptian ,apr4 #aj ,june #ab ,roots sprangl$ ,eclipse ,apr4 #aj ,june #ad ,bett] quality ,cabbage ,wakefield ,apr4 #i ,june #bj ,injur$ by worms4 ,hellebore next ye> ,etc41 etc4 ---------------------------------------- ------------------------- ,! above %[s h[ su* a record w be kept4 ,( c\rse1 only ! fir/ column is writt5 9 ahead4 ,i want to emphasize 9 pass+1 h[ev]1 ! importance ( putt+ d[n y\r data on ! day y plant1 or h>ve/1 or notice any?+ wor? record+4 ,if y let x g until tomorr[ x is v apt to be lack+ next ye>4 ,try ^! f\r %ort-cuts to success1 ev5 if y h _h a g>d5 be=e4 ,!y w make a big diff]5ce 9 y\r g>d52 less "w & great] results4 ,,*eck ,,li/ ,jan4 #a/--,s5d = catalogues4 ,make plant+ plan & table4 ,ord] se$s4 ,feb4 #a/--,inside3 cabbage1 caulifl[]1 fir/ s[+4 ,onions = plants4 ,feb4 #ae?--,inside3 lettuce1 cabbage1 caulifl[]1 ,brussels spr\ts1 beets4 ,m>* #a/--,inside3 lettuce1 cel]y1 tomato 7e>ly74 ,m>* #ae?--,inside3 lettuce1 tomato 7ma971 eggplant1 pepp]1 lima beans1 cucumb]1 squa%2 spr\t potatoes 9 s&4 ,april #a/--,inside3 caulifl[] 7on sods71 muskmelon1 wat]melon1 corn4 ,outside3 7se$-b$7 cel]y1 cabbage1 lettuce4 ,onions1 c>rots1 smoo? peas1 sp9a*1 beets1 *>d1 p>snip1 turnip1 radi%4 ,lettuce1 cabbage 7plants74 ,may #a/--,beans1 corn1 sp9a*1 lettuce1 radi%4 ,may #ae?--,beans1 limas1 muskmelon1 wat]melon1 summ] squa%1 peas1 potatoes1 lettuce1 radi%1 tomato 7e>ly71 corn1 limas1 melon1 cucumb] & squa% 7plants74 ,pole-lima1 beets1 corn1 kale1 w9t] squa%1 pumpk91 lettuce1 radi%4 ,june #a/--,beans1 c>rots1 corn1 cucumb]1 peas1 summ] sp9a*1 summ] lettuce1 radi%1 egg-plant1 pepp]1 tomato 7ma9 plants74 ,june #ae?--,beans1 corn1 peas1 turnip1 summ] lettuce1 radi%1 late cabbage1 & tomato plants4 ,july #a/--,beans1 endive1 kale1 lettuce1 radi%1 w9t] cabbage1 caulifl[]1 ,brussels spr\ts & cel]y plants4 ,july #ae?--,beans1 e>ly corn1 e>ly peas1 lettuce1 radi%4 ,aug4 #a/--,e>ly peas1 lettuce1 radi%4 ,aug4 #ae?--,e>ly peas1 lettuce1 radi% 9 se$-b$1 =c+ lettuce = fall 9 frames4 ,sept4 #a/--,lettuce1 radi%1 sp9a* & onions = w9t]+ ov]4 ,,note4--,?is li/ is = plant+ only 7! dates are approximate3 see note ,i at ! end ( ! *apt]74 ,spray+ & o!r g>d5 op]ations may also be includ$ 9 su* a li/4 ,see ,cal5d> ( ,op]ations at end ( book4 ,,plant+ ,,table ,,dep? ,,to -,,di/ance ,,ap>t- ,,vegetable ,,plant#a ,,s[--,i,ns4 ,,se$s#b ,,r[s ,i4 ,,crops ,,rema9+ ,,entire ,,season ,asp>agus1 se$ ,april-,may #a #b-d 94 #ae 94 ,asp>agus1 plants ,april #d #a ft4 #c ft4 ,bean1 pole ,may #ae-;,june #aj #b #c ft4 #c ft4 ,bean1 lima ,may #bj-;,june #aj #b #c ft4 #c ft4 ,beet1 late ,april-,augu/ #b #c-d 94 #ae 94 ,c>rot1 late ,may-,july #a_/b-a #b-c 94 #ae 94 ,corn1 late ,may #bj-;,july #aj #b #c ft4 #d ft4 ,cucumb] ,may #aj-;,july #ae #a #d ft4 #d ft4 ,egg-plant1 plants ,june #a-bj 44 #b ft4 #cj 94 ,leek ,april 44 #b-d 94 #ae 94 ,melon1 musk ,may #ae-;,june #ae #a #d ft4 #d ft4 ,melon1 wat] ,may #ae-;,june #ae #a #f-h ft4 #f-h ft4 ,onion ,april #a_/b-a #b-d 94 #ae 94 ,okra ,may #ae-;,june #ae #a_/b-a #b ft4 #c ft4 ,p>sley#d ,april-,may #a_/b #d-f 94 #a ft4 ,p>snip ,april #a_/b-a #c-e 94 #ah 94 ,pepp]1 se$ ,june #a/ #a_/b #c-f 94 #ae 94 ,pepp]1 plants ,june #a-bj 44 #b ft4 #cj 94 ,potatoes1 ma9 ,april #ae-;,june #bj #d-f #ac 94 #cj 94 ,pumpk9s ,may #a-;,june #bj #a-b #f-h ft4 #f-h ft4 ,rhub>b1 plants ,april 44 #b-c ft4 #c ft4 ,salsify ,april-,may #a #c-f 94 #ah 94 ,squa%1 summ] ,may #ae-;,july #a #a-b #d ft4 #d ft4 ,squa%1 w9t] ,may #ae-;,june #bj #a-b #f-h ft4 #f-h ft4 ,tomato1 se$ ,june #a_/b #c-d 94 #ae 94 ,tomato1 plants ,may #ae-;,july #bj 44 #c ft4 #c ft4 ,,note4--,! index ref]5ce numb]s ref] to notes at end ( *apt]4 ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,,se$ ,,= #ej ,,ft4 ,,vegetable ,,r[ ,,v>ieties ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,asp>agus1 se$ #a oz4 ,palmetto1 ,giant ,arg5teuil1 ,b>r's ,mammo? ,asp>agus1 plants #ej ,palmetto1 ,giant ,arg5teuil1 ,b>r's ,mammo? ,bean1 pole #a_/b pt4 ,k5tucky ,wond]1 ,gold51 ,clu/]1 ,burg]'s ,/r+less ,bean1 lima #a_/b pt4 ,e>ly ,levia?an1 ,giant ,podd$1 ,burpee ,improv$ ,beet1 late #a oz4 ,crimson ,globe ,c>rot1 late #a_/b oz4 ,danv]'s ,half-long1 ,ox-he>t1 ,*ant5ay ,corn1 late #a_/b pt4 ,seym\r's ,sweet ,orange1 ,:ite ,ev]gre51 ,c\ntry ,g5tleman ,cucumb] #a_/b oz4 ,e>ly ,:ite ,sp9e1 ,=dhook ,fam\s1 ,davis ,p]fect ,egg-plant1 plants #be ,black ,beauty1 ,n4,y4 ,purple ,leek #a_/b oz4 ,am]ican ,flag ,melon1 musk #a_/b oz4 ,nett$ ,gem1 ,em]ald ,gem1 ,hoodoo ,melon1 wat] #a_/d oz4 ,cole's ,e>ly ,swee!>t1 ,halb]t ,honey ,onion #a_/b oz4 ,prizetak]1 ,danv]'s ,globe1 ,ailsa ,craig1 ,s\?port ,r$ ,globe1 ,mammo? ,silv]sk9 7:ite7 ,okra #a_/b oz4 ,p]fect$ ,p]k9s1 ,:ite ,velvet ,p>sley #a_/b oz4 ,em]ald ,p>snip #a_/d oz4 ,holl[ ,cr[n$ 7,improv$7 ,pepp]1 se$ #a_/b oz4 ,ruby ,k+1 ,*9ese ,giant ,pepp]1 plants #be ,ruby ,k+1 ,*9ese ,giant ,potatoes1 ma9 #a_/b pk4 ,iri% ,cobbl]1 ,gre5 ,m\nta91 ,uncle ,sam 7,norton ,beauty1 ,norwood1 e>ly7 ,pumpk9s #a_/d oz4 ,l>ge ,*eese1 ,quak] ,pie ,rhub>b1 plants #be ,myatt's ,victoria ,salsify #c_/d oz4 ,mammo? ,s&wi* ,squa%1 summ] #a_/d oz4 ,:ite ,bu%1 ,delicata1 ,=dhook1 ,vegetable ,m>r[ ,squa%1 w9t] #a_/d oz4 ,hubb>d1 ,delici\s ,tomato1 se$ #a_/b oz4 ,e>liana1 ,*alk's ,jewel1 ,mat*less1 ,dw>f ,giant ,tomato1 plants #bj ,e>liana1 ,*alk's ,jewel1 ,mat*less1 ,dw>f ,giant ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,,plant+ ,,table ,,dep? ,,to -,,di/ance ,,ap>t- ,,vegetable ,,plant#a ,,s[--,i,ns4 ,,se$s#c ,,r[s ,,ii4 ,,crops ,,= ,,succession ,,plant+s ,bean1 dw>f ,may #e-;,aug #ae #b #b-d 94 #a-a_/b-b ft4 ,kohlrabi#d ,april-,july #a_/b - #a #f-ab 94 #a-a_/b-b ft4 ,lettuce#d ,april-,augu/ #a_/b #a ft4 #a-a-a_/b ft4 ,peas1 smoo? ,april #a-;,aug #a #b-c #b-d 94 #c ft4 ,peas1 wr9kl$ ,april #aj-;,july #ae #b-c #b-d 94 #c-d ft4 ,radi% ,april #a-,sept #a #a_/b #b-c 94 #a ft4 ,sp9a* ,april-,sept #ae #a #c-e 94 #ah 94 ,turnip ,april-,sept #a_/b-a #d-f 94 #ae 94 ,,iii4 ,,crops ,,to ,,be ,,foll[$ ,,by ,,o!rs ,beet1 e>ly ,april-,june #b #c-d 94 #ae 94 ,broccoli1 e>ly#d ,april #a_/b-a #a-a_/b ft4 #b ft4 ,borecole#d ,april #a_/b-a #b ft4 #b-a_/b ft4 ,brussels spr\ts#d ,april #a_/b-a #a-a_/b ft4 #b ft4 ,cabbage1 e>ly#d ,april #a_/b-a #a-a_/b ft4 #b ft4 ,c>rot ,april #a_/b-a #b-c 94 #ae 94 ,caulifl[]#d ,april #a_/b-a #a-a_/b ft4 #b ft4 ,com1 e>ly ,may #aj-bj #b #c ft4 #c-d ft4 ,onion sets ,april-,may #ae #a-b #b-d 94 #ae 94 ,peas ,april #a-,may #a #b #b-d 94 #c ft4 ,crops 9 ,sec4 ,,ii4 ,,iv4 ,,crops ,,t ,,may ,,foll[ ,,o!rs ,beet1 late ,july-,augu/ #b #c-d 94 #ae 94 ,borecole ,may-,june#b #a_/b-a #b ft4 #b-a_/b ft4 ,broccoli ,may-,june#b #a_/b-a #b ft4 #b-a_/b ft4 ,brussels spr\ts ,may-,june#b #a_/b-a #a-a_/b ft4 #b-a_/b ft4 ,cabbage late ,may-,june#b #a_/b-a #b-a_/b ft4 #b-a_/b ft4 ,caulifl[] ,may-,june#b #a_/b-a #b ft4 #b-a_/b ft4 ,cel]y1 se$ ,april #a_/b #a-b 94 #a ft4 ,cel]y1 plant ,july #a-;,aug #a 44 #f 94 #c-d ft4 ,endive#d ,april-,augu/ #a_/b #a ft4 #a ft4 ,peas1 late ,may #ae-;,aug #a #b-c #b-d 94 #d ft4 ,crops 9 ,sec4 ,,ii4 ,,ii4 ,,crops ,,= ,,succession ,,plant+s ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,,se$ ,,= #ej ,,ft4 ,,vegetable ,,r[ ,,v>ieties ---------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ,bean1 dw>f #a pt4 ,r$ ,val5t9e ,burpee's ,gre5pod1 ,improv$ ,refugee1 ,brittle ,wax1 ,ru/-pro( ,gold5 ,wax1 ,burpee's ,:ite ,wax ,kohlrabi #a_/d oz ,:ite ,vi5na ,lettuce #ej ,mignonette1 ,gr& ,rapids1 ,may ,k+1 ,big ,bo/on1 ,new ,york1 ,deacon1 ,cos1 ,p>is ,:ite ,peas1 smoo? #a pt ,am]ican ,wond] ,peas1 wr9kl$ #a pt ,gradus1 ,bo/on ,unrival$1 ,q ,cont5t ,radi% #a_/b oz4 ,rapid ,r$1 ,crimson ,globe1 ,*9ese ,sp9a* #a_/b oz4 ,swiss ,*>d ,beet1 ,long ,season1 ,victoria ,turnip #a_/c oz4 ,:ite ,milan1 ,petr[ski1 ,gold5 ,ball ,,iii4 ,,crops ,,to ,,be ,,foll[$ ,,by ,,o!rs ,beet1 e>ly #a oz4 ,edmund's ,e>ly1 ,e>ly ,model ,broccoli1 e>ly #ce ,e>ly ,:ite ,fr5* ,borecole #be ,dw>f ,scot* ,curl$ ,brussels spr\ts #ce ,dalkei?1 ,dani% ,prize ,cabbage1 e>ly #ce ,wakefield1 ,glory ( ,enkhuis51 ,e>ly ,summ]1 ,succession1 ,savoy ,c>rot #a_/b oz4 ,gold5 ,ball1 ,e>ly ,sc>let ,horn ,caulifl[] #ce ,burpee's ,be/ ,e>ly1 ,sn[ball1 ,sea-foam ,dry ,wea!r ,corn1 e>ly #a_/c pt4 ,gold5 ,bantam1 ,peep o' ,day1 ,cory ,onion sets #b pt4 ,peas #a pt4 ,crops 9 ,sec4 ,,ii4 ,,iv4 ,,crops ,,t ,,may ,,foll[ ,,o!rs ,beet1 late #a oz4 ,crimson ,globe ,borecole #be ,dw>f ,scot* ,curl$ ,broccoli #be ,e>ly ,:ite ,fr5* ,brussels spr\ts #ce ,dalkei?1 ,dani% ,prize ,cabbage1 late #be ,succession1 ,dani% ,ballhead ,drumhead ,caulifl[] #be ,z above ,savoy1 ,mammo? ,rock 7r$7 ,cel]y1 se$ #a oz4 ,:ite ,plume1 ,gold5 ,self-blan*+1 ,w9t] ,que5 ,cel]y1 plant #ajj ,:ite ,plume1 ,gold5 ,self-blan*+1 ,w9t] ,que5 ,endive #a_/b oz4 ,broad-,leav$ ,batavian1 ,giant ,fr+$ ,peas1 late #a pt4 ,gradus ,crops 9 ,sec4 ,,ii4 ,,ref]5ce ,,notes ,,f ,,! ,,tables #a ,9 ! vic9ity ( ,new ,york ,city4 ,ea* #ajj miles nor? or s\? w make a diff]5ce ( #e to #g days lat] or e>li]4 #b ,?is is = s[+ ! se$4 ,x w take ?ree to six weeks be=e plants are ready4 ,h5ce ! advantage ( us+ ! se$-b$4 ,= in/ance1 y c />t y\r late cabbage ab\t ,june #ae?1 to foll[ ! fir/ crop ( peas1 :i* %\ld be cle>$ (f by ! #aj? ( ,july4 #c ,di/ances giv5 are ^? at :i* ! gr[+ plants %\ld /&1 aft] ?9n+4 ,se$ 9 drills %\ld be s[n sev]al times z ?ick4 #d ,be/ />t$ 9 se$-b$1 & aft]w>d transplant$2 b may be s[n :5 want$ & aft]w>d ?9n$ to ! be/ plants4 ,,*apt] ,v ,,implem5ts ,,& ,,_! ,,uses ,x may seem to ! read] t x is all v well to make a g>d5 ) a p5cil1 b t ! "w ( transf]r+ x to ! soil mu/ be q ano!r problem & "o entail+ s mu* "w t he w leave x to ! pr(essional m>ket g>d5]4 ,he possibly pictures to himself "s b5t-kne$ & /oop-%\ld]$ man ) ! hoe1 & decides t aft] all !re is too mu* "w 9 ! g>d5 game4 ,:at a revelation w\ld be 9 /ore = him if he c\ld witness "o day's op]ations 9 a mod]n m>ket g>d56 ,v likely inde$ n a hoe w\ld be se5 dur+ ! entire visit4 ,mod]n implem5ts1 )9 less ?an a g5]ation1 h revolutioniz$ g>d5+4 ,?is is true ( ! small g>d5 z c]ta9ly z ( ! l>ge "o3 9 fact1 9 proportion ,i am n sure b t x is m s--because ( ! second wond]ful ?+ ab\t mod]n g>d5 tools1 t is1 ! l[ prices at :i* !y c be b\ght1 consid]+ ! enorm\s p]c5tage ( labor sav$ 9 accompli%+ results4 ,!re is no?+ 9 ! way ( exp5se to prev5t ev5 ! mo/ mode/ g>d5] acquir+1 dur+ a few ye>s1 by ! judici\s exp5diture ( b a few doll>s annually1 a v complete outfit ( tools t w h&somely repay _! co/4 ,:ile "s g>d5 tools h be5 improv$ & develop$ out ( all resemblance to _! orig9al =ms1 o!rs h *ang$ little 9 g5]ations1 & 9 probability w rema9 ev] ) u4 ,!re is a ?+ or two to say ab\t ev5 ! simple/ ( !m1 h[ev]1-- especially to anyone n famili> ) _! uses4 ,!re are tools = use 9 e phase ( horticultural op]ations2 = prep>+ ! gr\nd1 = plant+ ! se$1 = cultivation1 = protect+ crops f insects & disease1 & = h>ve/+4 ,fir/ ( all comes ! anci5t & honorable spade1 :i*1 = small g>d5 plots1 bord]s1 b$s1 etc41 mu/ /ill be reli$ ^u = ! initial op]ation 9 g>d5+--break+ up ! soil4 ,!re are sev]al types1 b any w answ] ! purpose4 ,9 buy+ a spade look out = two ?+s3 see t x is well /rapp$ up ! h&le 9 front & back1 & t x hangs well4 ,9 spad+ up gr\nd1 especially soil t is turfy or h>d1 ! "w may be made easi] by tak+ a /rip n q twice z wide z ! spade1 & mak+ diagonal cuts s t "o v]tical edge ( ! spade at ea* ?ru/ cuts clean out to :]e ! soil has already be5 dug4 ,! wide-t9$ spad+-=k is frequ5tly us$ in/ead ( ! spade1 z x is light] & c be m advantage\sly us$ to break up lumps & level (f surfaces4 ,9 mo/ soils x w d ?is "w z well1 if n bett]1 ?an ! spade & has ! fur!r good quality ( be+ s]viceable z a =k too1 ?us comb9+ two tools 9 "o4 ,x %\ld be m g5]ally kn[n & us$4 ,) ! ord9>y =k1 us$ = h&l+ manure & ga!r+ up tra%1 we$s1 etc41 e g>d5] is famili>4 ,! type ) oval1 slightly up-curv$ t9es1 five or six 9 numb]1 & a ,d h&le1 is ! mo/ conv5i5t & com=table = g>d5 use4 ,= areas l>ge en\gh = a horse to turn ar\nd 91 use a pl[4 ,!re are _m good makes4 ,! swivel type has ! advantage ( turn+ all ! furr[s "o way1 & is ! be/ = small plots & slop+ gr\nd4 ,x %\ld turn a clean1 deep furr[4 ,9 deep soil t has long be5 cultivat$1 pl[+ %\ld1 ) few exceptions1 be d[n at lea/ to ! subsoil2 & if ! soil is %all[ x w be advisable to turn up a little ( ! subsoil1 at ea* pl[+--n m ?an an in*--9 ord] t ! soil may gradually be deep5$4 ,9 pl[+ sod x w be well to h ! pl[ fitt$ ) a c\lt]1 :i* turns a m9iature furr[ ahead ( ! pl[%>e1 ?us cov]+ "u all sods & grass & gett+ !m out ( ! way ( h>r[s & o!r tools to be us$ lat]4 ,9 pl[+ "u tall-gr[+ gre5 manures1 l rye1 a heavy *a9 is hung f ! ev5] to ! h&le1 ?us pull+ ! crop d[n into ! furr[ s t x w all be cov]$ "u4 ,:]e dra9age is poor x w be well to break up ! subsoil ) a subsoil pl[1 :i* foll[s 9 ! wake ( ! regul> pl[ b does n lift ! subsoil to ! surface4 ,,tools ,,= ,,prep>+ ,,! ,,se$-,,b$ ,! spade or spad+-=k w be foll[$ by ! hoe1 or hook1 & ! iron rake2 & ! pl[ by "o or m ( ! v>i\s types ( h>r[4 ,! be/ type ( hoe = use aft] ! spade is ! wide1 deep-blad$ type4 ,9 mo/ soils1 h[ev]1 ?is "w may be done m exp$iti\sly ) ! hook or prong-hoe 7see illu/ration74 ,) ?is ! soil c be ?or\ghly pulv]iz$ to a dep? ( sev]al in*es4 ,9 us+ ei!r1 be c>eful n to pull up manure or tra% turn$ "u by ! spade1 z all su* mat]ial if left cov]$ w quickly rot away 9 ! soil & furni% ! be/ sort ( plant food4 ,i %\ld ?9k t our en]getic manufactures w\ld make a prong-hoe ) heavy wide blades1 l ^? ( ! spad+-=k1 b ,i h nev] se5 su* an implem5t1 ei!r 9 use or adv]tis$4 ,:at ! prong-hoe is to ! spade1 ! h>r[ is to ! pl[4 ,= g5]al purposes ! ,acme is an excell5t h>r[4 ,x is adju/able1 & = gr\nd at all mell[ w be ! only "o necess>y2 set x1 = ! fir/ "t ov]1 to cut 9 deep2 & !n1 set = level+1 x w leave ! soil 9 su* excell5t condition t a light h&- rak+ 7or1 = l>ge areas1 ! ,meek] smoo?+-h>r[7 w prep>e x = ! f9e/ ( se$s1 su* z onions & c>rots4 ,! tee? ( ! ,acme are s design$ t !y practically con/itute a gang ( m9iature pl[s4 ,( disc h>r[s !re are a great _m makes4 ,! sali5t feature ( ! disc type is t !y c te> up no manure1 grass or tra%1 ev5 :5 ^! are b p>tly turn$ "u by ! pl[4 ,= ?is reason x is especially useful on sod or o!r r\gh gr\nd4 ,! mo/ conv5i5t h>r[ = putt+ on ! f9i%+ t\*es1 = level+ (f & f9+ ! surface ( ! soil1 is ! lev] spike-too?4 ,x is adju/able & c be us$ z a spike-too? or z a smoo?+ h>r[4 ,any ( ! h>r[s m5tion$ above 7except ! ,meek]7 & likewise ! prong-hoe1 w h to be foll[$ by ! iron rake :5 prep>+ ! gr\nd = small-se$$ g>d5 vegetables4 ,get ! sort ) :at is t]m$ ! b[ head 7see illu/ration7 in/ead ( "o 9 :i* ! head is fa/5$ directly to ! end ( ! h&le4 ,x is less likely to get brok51 & easi] to use4 ,!re is q a knack 9 manipulat+ ev5 a g>d5 rake1 :i* w come only ) practice4 ,d n rake z ?\gh y 7 ga!r+ up leaves or grass4 ,! secret 9 us+ ! g>d5 rake is n to ga!r ?+s up4 ,small /ones1 lumps ( e>? & su* ?+s1 y ( c\rse wi% to remove4 ,keep ^! rak$ (f ahead ( :]e y are level+ ! soil1 :i* is accompli%$ ) a backw>d-&-=w>d movem5t ( ! rake4 ,! tool-h\se ( e g>d5 ( any size %\ld conta9 a se$-drill4 ,labor :i* is o!rwise t$i\s & difficult is by x r5d]$ m]e play--z well z be+ bett] done4 ,! op]ations ( m>k+ ! r[1 op5+ ! furr[1 dropp+ ! se$ at ! prop] dep? & di/ance1 cov]+ imm$iately ) fre% e>?1 & firm+ ! soil1 are all done at "o fell swoop & z fa/ z y c walk4 ,x w ev5 drop se$s 9 hills4 ,b t is n all3 x may be _h z "p ( a comb9ation ma*9e1 :i*1 aft] y\r se$s are plant$--) ea* r[ neatly roll$ on top1 & pla9ly visible--may be at once trans=m$ into a :eel hoe t w save y z mu* "t 9 c>+ = y\r plants z ! se$-drill did 9 plant+ y\r se$4 ,hoe+ drudg]y becomes a ?+ ( ! pa/4 ,! illu/ration h]e) %[s su* a ma*9e1 & "s ( ! v>i$ atta*m5ts :i* may be _h = x4 ,!re are s _m1 & s v>i$ 9 usefulness1 t x w\ld require an entire *apt] to detail _! special advantages & me?ods ( use4 ,! catalogues describ+ !m w give y _m valuable sugge/ions2 & o!r ways ( utiliz+ !m w discov] !mselves to y 9 y\r "w4 ,valuable z ! :eel hoe is1 h[ev]1 & v>i$ 9 its scope ( "w1 ! "t-tri$ hoe _c be entirely disp5s$ )4 ,an accompany+ photograph ,,ed4 ,n %[n "h %[s f\r di/9ct types1 all ( :i* w pay = !mselves 9 a g>d5 ( mod]ate size4 ,! "o on ! "r is ! "o mo/ g5]ally se52 next to x is a modifi$ =m :i* p]sonally ,i pref] = all light "w1 su* z loos5+ soil & cutt+ out we$s4 ,x is light] & small]1 quick] & easi] to h&le4 ,next to ?is is ! ,w>r51 or he>t-%ap$ hoe1 especially valuable 9 op5+ & cov]+ drills = se$1 su* z beans1 peas or corn4 ,! scuffle-hoe1 or sc>ifi]1 :i* completes ! f\r1 is us$ betwe5 n>r[ r[s = %all[ "w1 su* z cutt+ (f small we$s & break+ up ! cru/4 ,x has be5 r5d]$ less frequ5tly ne$$ by ! adv5t ( ! :eel hoe1 b :5 crops are too l>ge to admit ( ! use ( ! latt]1 ! scuffle-hoe is /ill an indisp5sable "t-sav]4 ,!re rema9s "o task connect$ ) g>d5+ t is a bug-be>4 ,t is h&-we$+4 ,to get d[n on "o's h&s & knees1 9 ! bli/]+ hot du/y soil1 ) ! p]spiration trickl+ d[n into "o's eyes1 & pick small we$lets f among t5d] plantlets1 is n a pleasant occupation4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 sev]al sorts ( small we$]s :i* less5 ! "w consid]ably4 ,"o or ano!r ( ! common types w seem pref]able1 accord+ to diff]5t conditions ( soil & me?ods ( "w4 ,p]sonally1 ,i pref] ! ,lang's = mo/ uses4 ,! angle blade makes x possible to cut v ne> to small plants & betwe5 close-gr[+ plants1 :ile ! /rap ov] ! back ( a f+] or ?umb leaves ! f+]s free = we$+ )\t dropp+ ! in/rum5t4 ,!re are two ?+s to be kept 9 m9d ab\t h&-we$+ :i* w r$uce ?is "w to ! m9imum4 ,fir/1 nev] let ! we$s get a />t2 = ev5 if !y d n increase 9 numb]1 if !y once smo!r ! gr\nd or crop1 y w wi% y _h nev] he>d ( a g>d54 ,second1 d y\r h&-we$+ :ile ! surface soil is s(t1 :5 ! we$s come out easily4 ,a h>d-cru/$ soil w d\ble & treble ! am\nt ( labor requir$4 ,x w\ld seem t x %\ld be ne$less1 :5 g>d5 tools are su* sav]s ( labor1 to sugge/ t !y %\ld be c>efully kept1 always bright & clean & %>p1 & 9 repair4 ,b su* advice is ne$$1 to judge by mo/ ( ! tools "o sees4 ,always h a piece ( clo? or old bag on h& :]e ! g>d5 tools are kept1 & nev] put !m away soil$ & wet4 ,keep ! cutt+ edges %>p4 ,!re is z mu* pleasure 9 try+ to run a dull lawnm[] z 9 work+ ) a ru/y1 batt]$ hoe4 ,h an extra h&le 9 /ock 9 case ( accid5t2 !y are n exp5sive4 ,9 select+ h& tools1 always pick out ^? ) h&les 9 :i* ! gra9 does n run out at ! po9t :]e !re w be mu* /ra9 9 us+ ! tool4 ,9 rakes1 hoes1 etc41 get ! types ) f]rule & %ank "o cont9u\s piece1 s z n to be annoy$ ) loose heads4 ,sp5d a few c5ts to s5d = "s implem5t catalogues4 ,!y w well repay c>eful p]usal1 ev5 if y d n ord] ?is ye>4 ,9 ^! days ( int5sive adv]tis+1 ! comm]cial catalogue (t5 conta9s matt] ( great wor?1 9 ! ga!r+ & pres5tation ( :i* no exp5se has be5 sp>$4 ,,= ,,fight+ ,,plant ,,enemies ,! devices & implem5ts us$ = fight+ plant enemies are ( two sorts3--7#a7 ^? us$ to af=d me*anical protection to ! plants2 7#b7 ^? us$ to apply insecticides & fungicides4 ,( ! fir/ ! mo/ useful is ! cov]$ frame4 ,x consi/s usually ( a wood5 box1 "s eighte5 in*es to two feet squ>e & ab\t eight high1 cov]$ ) glass1 protect+ clo?1 mosquito nett+ or mosquito wire4 ,! fir/ two cov]+s h1 ( c\rse1 ! additional advantage ( reta9+ heat & protect+ f cold1 mak+ x possible by _! use to plant e>li] ?an is o!rwise safe4 ,!y are us$ ext5sively 9 gett+ an extra e>ly & safe />t ) cucumb]s1 melons & ! o!r v9e vegetables4 ,simpl] devices = protect+ newly-set plants1 su* z tomatoes or cabbage1 f ! cut-worm1 are /iff1 t91 c>dbo>d or t> pap] coll>s1 :i* are made sev]al in*es high & l>ge en\gh to be put ar\nd ! /em & p5etrate an in* or s into ! soil4 ,= apply+ poison p[d]s1 su* z dry ,p>is gre51 hellebore & tobacco du/1 ! home g>d5] %\ld supply himself ) a p[d] gun4 ,if "o mu/ be re/rict$ to a s+le implem5t1 h[ev]1 x w be be/ to get "o ( ! h&-p[]1 compress$-air spray]s--ei!r a knapsack pump or a compress$-air spray]--types ( :i* are illu/rat$4 ,^! are us$ = apply+ wet sprays1 & %\ld be suppli$ ) "o ( ! sev]al =ms ( mi/-mak+ nozzles1 ! non- cloggable automatic type be+ ! be/4 ,= m ext5sive "w a b>rel pump1 m\nt$ on :eels1 w be desirable1 b "o ( ! above w d a great deal ( "w 9 little "t4 ,ext5sion rods = use 9 spray+ trees & v9es may be obta9$ = ei!r4 ,= op]ations on a v small scale a good h&-syr+e may be us$1 b z a g5]al ?+ x w be be/ to inve/ a few doll>s m & get a small tank spray]1 z ?is ?r[s a cont9u\s /ream or spray & holds a mu* l>g] am\nt ( ! spray+ solution4 ,:atev] type is procur$1 get a brass ma*9e--x w out-we> ?ree or f\r ( ^? made ( *eap] metal1 :i* succumbs v quickly to !1 corrod+ action ( ! /rong poisons & *emicals us$ 9 !m4 ,( implem5ts = h>ve/+1 beside ! spade1 prong-hoe & spad+- =k already m5tion$1 v few are us$ 9 ! small g>d51 z mo/ ( !m ne$ n only long r[s to be economically us$1 b horse- p[] also4 ,! onion h>ve/] atta*m5t = ! d\ble :eel hoe1 co/+ #a4jj1 may be us$ ) advantage 9 loos5+ onions1 beets1 turnips1 etc41 f ! soil or = cutt+ sp9a*4 ,runn+ ! h&- pl[ close on ei!r side ( c>rots1 p>snips & o!r deep-gr[+ vegetables w aid mat]ially 9 gett+ !m out4 ,= fruit pick+1 ) tall trees1 ! wire-f+]$ fruit-pick]1 secur$ to ! end ( a long h&le1 w be ( great assi/ance1 b ) ! mod]n me?od ( us+ l[-head$ trees x w n be ne$$4 ,ano!r class ( g>d5 implem5ts are ^? us$ 9 prun+--b :]e ?is is att5d$ to prop]ly f ! />t1 a good %>p jack-knife & a pair ( prun+ %e>s 7! ,engli% makes are ! be/1 z !y are 9 "s ?+s1 :5 we are frank en\gh to confess ! tru?7 w easily h&le all ! "w ( ! k9d necess>y4 ,/ill ano!r sort ( g>d5 device is t us$ = support+ ! plants2 su* z /akes1 trellises1 wires1 etc4 ,altoge!r too little att5tion usually is giv5 ^!1 z ) prop] c>e 9 /or+ ov] w9t] !y w n only la/ = ye>s1 b add greatly to ! conv5i5ce ( cultivation & to ! neat appe>ance ( ! g>d54 ,v>i\s contrivances are illu/rat$ 9 ! se$ catalogues1 & _m may be home-made--su* z a /ake-trellis = support+ beans4 ,z a f9al ^w to ! int5d+ pur*as] ( g>d5 tools1 ,i w\ld say3 fir/ ?or\ghly inve/igate ! diff]5t sorts available1 & :5 buy+1 d n =get t a good tool or a well-made ma*9e w be giv+ y satisfactory use long1 long aft] ! price is =gott51 :ile a poor "o is a con/ant s\rce ( discom=t4 ,get good tools1 & take good c>e ( !m4 ,& let me repeat t a few doll>s a ye>1 judici\sly sp5t1 = tools aft]w>d well c>$ =1 w soon give y a v complete set1 & add to y\r g>d5 pr(it & pleasure4 ,,*apt] ,,vi4 ,,manures ,,& ,,f]tiliz]s ,to a v small ext5t g>d5 vegetables get _! food f ! air4 ,! am\nt obta9$ 9 ?is way h[ev]1 is s inf9itesimal t f ! practical /&po9t x ne$ n be consid]$ at all4 ,practically speak+1 y\r vegetables mu/ get all _! food f ! g>d5 soil4 ,?is important g>d5 fact may seem self-evid5t1 b1 if "o may judge by _! practice1 amateur g>d5]s v frequ5tly fail to realize x4 ,! pr(essional g>d5] mu/ come to realize x = ! simple reason t if he does n he w g out ( bus9ess4 ,)\t an abundant supply ( suitable food x is j z impossible to gr[ good vegetables z x w\ld be to tra9 a w9n+ football team on a diet ( sweet cid] & angel cake4 ,)\t pl5ty ( plant food1 all ! c>e1 coddl+1 coax+1 cultivat+1 spray+ & worry+ y may give w avail little4 ,! soil mu/ be ri* or ! g>d5 w be poor4 ,plant food is ( z _m k9ds1 or1 m accurately speak+1 9 z _m =ms1 z is food = human be+s4 ,b ! fir/ di/9ction to make 9 plant foods is t betwe5 available & non- available foods--t is1 betwe5 foods :i* x is possible = ! plant to use1 & ^? :i* mu/ und]go a *ange ( "s sort be=e ! plant c take !m up1 assimilate !m1 & turn !m into a heal?y gr[? ( foliage1 fruit or root4 ,x is j z readily possible = a plant to />ve 9 a soil ab\nd+ 9 plant food1 if t food is n available1 z x w\ld be = y to g unn\ri%$ 9 ! mid/ ( s\ps & t5d] meats if ! latt] 7 froz5 solid4 ,plants take all _! n\ri%m5t 9 ! =m ( s\ps1 & v weak ones at t4 ,plant food to be available mu/ be soluble to ! action ( ! fe$+ root tubes2 & unless x is available x might1 z f> z ! pres5t b5efit+ ( y\r g>d5 is conc]n$1 j z well n be !re at all4 ,plants take up _! food ?r\gh innum]able & microscopic fe$+ rootlets1 :i* possess ! p[] ( absorb+ moi/ure1 & furni%+ x1 di/ribut$ by ! plant juices1 or sap1 to /em1 bran*1 leaf1 fl[] & fruit4 ,!re is "o />tl+ fact :i* may help to fix ^! ?+s 9 y\r memory3 x takes f #cjj to #ejj p\nds ( wat] to furni% food = ! build+ ( "o p\nd ( dry plant matt]4 ,y c see :y plant food is n ( mu* use unless x is available2 & x is n available unless x is soluble4 ,,! ,,!ory ,,( ,,manur+ ,! food ( plants consi/s ( *emical elem5ts1 or r1 ( num]\s sub/ances :i* conta9 ^! elem5ts 9 great] or less degrees4 ,!re is n room "h to g into ! int]e/+ sci5ce ( ?is matt]4 ,x is evid5t1 h[ev]1 z we h already se5 t ! plants mu/ get _! food f ! soil1 t !re are b two s\rces = su* food3 x mu/ ei!r be 9 ! soil already1 or we mu/ put x !re4 ,! practice ( add+ plant food to ! soil is :at is call$ manur+4 ,! only ?ree ( ! *emical elem5ts m5tion$ :i* we ne$ consid] are3 nitrog51 phosphoric acid1 & pota%4 ,! av]age soil conta9s l>ge am\nts ( all ?ree1 b !y are = ! mo/ "p 9 =ms :i* are n available &1 !re=e1 to t ext5t1 may be at once dismiss$ f our consid]ation4 7,! non-available plant foods already 9 ! soil may be releas$ or made available to "s ext5t by cultivation4 ,see ,*apt] ,,vii47 ,9 practically e soil t has be5 cultivat$ & cropp$1 9 long-settl$ di/ricts1 ! am\nts ( nitrog51 phosphoric acid & pota% :i* are imm$iately available w be too meag] to produce a good crop ( vegetables4 ,x becomes absolutely necess>y !n1 if "o w\ld h a really successful g>d51 no matt] h[ small x is1 to add plant foods to ! soil abundantly4 ,:5 y realize1 7#a7 t ! numb] ( plant foods conta9+ ! ?ree ess5tial elem5ts is almo/ unlimit$1 7#b7 t ea* conta9s !m 9 diff]5t proportions & 9 diff]+ degrees ( availability1 7#c7 t ! am\nt ( ! available elem5ts already 9 ! soil v>ies greatly & is practically undet]m9able1 & 7#d7 t diff]5t plants1 & ev5 diff]5t v>ieties ( ! same plant1 use ^! elem5ts 9 widely diff]+ proportions2 !n y beg9 to und]/& :at a complex matt] ?is "q ( manur+ is & :y x is s mu* discuss$ & s little und]/ood4 ,:at a labyr9? x (f]s = any writ]--to say no?+ ( ! read]--to g a/ray 96 ,i h tri$ to pres5t ?is matt] cle>ly4 ,if ,i h succe$$ x may h be5 only to make ! read] hopelessly disc\rag$ ( ev] gett+ at any?+ def9ite 9 ! "q ( enri*+ ! soil4 ,9 t case my advice w\ld be t1 = ! "t be+1 he =get all ab\t x4 ,=tunately1 9 ! "q ( manur+1 a little k is n (t5 a dang]\s ?+4 ,=tunately1 too1 y\r plants d n insi/ t y solve ! food problem = !m4 ,set a full table & !y w help !mselves & take ! "r di%es4 ,! only ?+ to worry ab\t is t ( ! ?ree important foods m5tion$ 7nitrog51 phosphoric acid & pota%7 !re w n be en\gh3 = x has be5 prov$ t :5 any "o ( ^! is exhau/$ ! plant practically /ops gr[?2 x w n cont9ue to fill up on ! o!r two4 ,( c\rse !re is su* a ?+ z go+ to extremes & wa/+ plant foods1 ev5 if x does n1 z a rule1 hurt ! plants4 ,if1 h[ev]1 ! f]tiliz]s & manures describ$ 9 ! foll[+ sections are appli$ z direct$1 & z m5tion$ 9 ,*apt] ,,vii41 good results w be c]ta91 provid$ ! se$1 cultivation & season are "r4 ,,v>i\s ,,manures ,! t]ms manure & f]tiliz] are us$ some:at ambigu\sly & int]*angeably4 ,us+ ! =m] t]m 9 a broad s5se--z mean+ any sub/ance conta9+ available plant food appli$ to ! soil1 we may say t manure is ( two k9ds3 organic1 su* z /able manure1 or decay$ vegetable matt]2 & inorganic1 su* z pota% salts1 phosphatic rock & comm]cial mix$ f]tiliz]s4 ,9 a g5]al way ! t]m f]tiliz] applies to ^! inorganic manures1 & ,i %all use x 9 ?is s5se ?r\gh ! foll[+ text4 ,betwe5 ! organic manures1 or natural manures z !y are (t5 call$1 & f]tiliz]s !re is a v important diff]5ce :i* %\ld nev] be lo/ sight (4 ,9 !ory1 & z a *emical fact too1 a bag ( f]tiliz] may conta9 twice ! available plant food ( a ton ( well rott$ manure2 b out ( a hundr$ practical g>d5]s n9ety- n9e--& probably "o m--w\ld pref] ! manure4 ,!re is a reason :y--two reasons1 ev5 if n "o ( ! hundr$ g>d5]s c\ld give !m to y4 ,fir/1 natural manures h a decid$ physical effect ^u mo/ soils 7altoge!r aside f ! plant food !y conta972 & second1 plants seem to h a pref]5ce z to ! =m 9 :i* _! food elem5ts are s]v$ to !m4 ,f]tiliz]s1 on ! o!r h&1 are valuable only = ! plant food !y conta91 & sometimes h a bad effect ^u ! physical condition ( ! soil4 ,:5 x comes "r d[n to ! practical "q ( :at to put on y\r g>d5 pat* to gr[ big crops1 no?+ has yet be5 discov]$ t is bett] ?an ! old reliable /&-by--well rott$1 ?or\ghly f9$ /able or b>ny>d manure4 ,he$ ^? adjectives6 ,we h already se5 t plant food :i* is n available might z well be1 = our imm$iate purposes1 at ! ,nor? ,pole4 ,! plant food 9 gre5 or fre% manure is n available1 & does n become s until x is releas$ by ! decay ( ! organic matt]s !re94 ,n[ ! "t possible = gr[+ a crop ( g>d5 vegetables is limit$2 9 _m in/ances x is only sixty to n9ety days4 ,! plants want _! food ready at once2 !re is no "t to be lo/ wait+ = manure to rot 9 ! soil4 ,t is a sl[ process--especially s 9 clayey or heavy soils4 ,s on y\r g>d5 use only manure t is well rott$ & brok5 up4 ,on ! o!r h&1 see t x has n fire-fang$ or burn$ out1 z horse manure1 if pil$ by itself & left1 is v sure to d4 ,if y keep any animals ( y\r own1 see t ! v>i\s sorts ( manure --except+ p\ltry manure1 :i* is s ri* t x is a good plan to keep x = special purposes--are mix$ toge!r & kept 9 a compact1 built-up squ>e heap1 n a loose pyramidal pile4 ,keep x "u cov] & :]e x _c wa% out4 ,if y h a pig or s1 y\r manure w be greatly improv$ by ! root+1 tread+ & mix+ !y w give x4 ,if n1 ! pile %\ld be turn$ f bottom to top & outside 9 & rebuilt1 tread+ d[n firmly 9 ! process1 e mon? or two-- apply+ wat]1 b n soak+1 if x has dri$ out 9 ! meantime4 ,su* manure w be wor? two or ?ree times z mu*1 = g>d5 purposes1 z t left to burn or rema9 9 froz5 lumps4 ,if y h to buy all y\r manure1 get t :i* has be5 prop]ly kept2 & if y are n famili> ) ! condition 9 :i* x %\ld be1 get a dis9t]e/$ g>d5] or f>m] to select x = y4 ,:5 possible1 x w pay y to procure manure sev]al mon?s be=e y want to use x & "w x ov] z sugge/$ above4 ,9 buy+ manure keep 9 m9d n :at animals made x1 b :at food 0 f$--t is ! important ?+4 ,= in/ance1 ! manure f highly-f$ liv]y horses may be1 weight = weight1 wor? ?ree to five times t f cattle w9t]$ ov] on poor hay1 /raw & a few roots4 ,!re are o!r organic manures :i* x is sometimes possible = "o to procure1 su* z refuse brew]y hops1 fi% scraps & sewage1 b !y are z a rule out ( ! rea* (1 or objectionable =1 ! purposes ( ! home g>d5]4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 num]\s ?+s con/antly go+ to wa/e ab\t ! small place1 :i* %\ld be conv]t$ into manure4 ,fall5 leaves1 grass clipp+s1 vegetable tops & roots1 gre5 we$s1 g>bage1 h\se slops1 di% wat]1 *ip dirt f ! wood-pile1 %av+s--any ?+ t w rot away1 %\ld g into ! compo/ heap4 ,^! %\ld be sav$1 "u cov] if possible1 9 a compact heap & kept moi/ 7nev] soak$7 to help decomposition4 ,to />t ! heap1 ga!r up e available sub/ance & make x into a pile ) a few :eelb>r[s full1 or half a c>tload1 ( fre% horse manure1 tread+ ! :ole d[n firmly4 ,f]m5tation & decomposition w be quickly />t$4 ,! heap %\ld occasionally be =k$ ov] & re/ack$4 ,light dress+s ( lime1 mix$ 9 at su* times1 w aid ?or\gh decomposition4 ,wood a%es =m ano!r valuable manure :i* %\ld be c>efully sav$4 ,beside ! plant food conta9$1 !y h a mo/ excell5t effect ^u ! me*anical condition ( almo/ e soil4 ,a%es %\ld n be put 9 ! compo/ heap1 because !re are special uses = !m1 su* z du/+ on squa% or melon v9es1 or us+ on ! onion b$1 :i* makes x desirable to keep !m sep>ate4 ,wood a%es may frequ5tly be b\ght = fifty c5ts a b>rel1 & at ?is price a few b>rels = ! home g>d5 w be a good inve/m5t4 ,coal a%es conta9 practically no available plant food1 b are well wor? sav+ to use on /iff soils1 = pa?s1 etc4 ,,value ,,( ,,gre5 ,,manur+ ,ano!r s\rce ( organic manures1 altoge!r too little appreciat$1 is :at is t]m$ gre5 manur+--! pl[+ "u ( gr[+ crops to enri* ! l&4 ,ev5 9 ! home g>d5 ?is sy/em %\ld be tak5 advantage ( :5ev] possible4 ,9 f>m practice1 clov] is ! mo/ valuable crop to use = ?is purpose1 b on acc\nt ( ! l5g? ( "t necess>y to gr[ x1 x is useful = ! vegetable g>d5 only :5 !re is suffici5t room to h clov] gr[+ on1 say1 "o half- acre plot1 :ile ! g>d5 occupies1 = two ye>s1 ano!r half-acre2 & !n *ang+ ! two ab\t4 ,?is sy/em w give an ideal g>d5 soil1 especially :]e x is necess>y to rely = ! mo/ "p ^u *emical f]tiliz]s4 ,!re are1 h[ev]1 f\r crops valuable = gre5-manur+ ! g>d51 ev5 :]e ! same spot mu/ be occupi$ ye> aft] ye>3 rye1 field corn1 field peas 7or c[ peas 9 ! s\?7 & crimson clov]4 ,aft] ! fir/ ( ,septemb]1 s[ e foot ( g>d5 gr\nd cle>$ ( its la/ crop1 ) w9t] rye4 ,s[ all gr\nd cle>$ dur+ ,augu/ ) crimson clov] & buck:eat1 & mul* ! clov] ) r\gh manure aft] ! buck:eat dies d[n4 ,s[ field peas or corn on any spots t w\ld o!rwise rema9 unoccupi$ six weeks or m4 ,all ^! are s[n broadca/1 on a fre%ly rak$ surface4 ,su* a sy/em w save a v l>ge am\nt ( plant food :i* o!rwise w\ld be lo/1 w conv]t unavailable plant food into available =ms :ile y wait = ! next crop1 & add humus to ! soil--conc]n+ ! importance ( :i* see ,*apt] ,,vii4 ,,*emical ,,f]tiliz]s ,i am half tempt$ to omit entirely any discussion ( *emical f]tiliz]s3 to give a li/ ( !m1 tell h[ to apply !m1 & let ! :y & :]e=e g4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 su* an important subject1 & ! home g>d5] w s frequ5tly h to rely almo/ entirely ^u _! use1 t probably x w be be/ to expla9 ! subject z ?or\ghly z ,i c d x 9 v limit$ space4 ,i %all try to give ! !ory ( sci5tific *emical manur+ 9 "o p>agraph4 ,we h already se5 t ! soil conta9s )9 itself "s available plant food4 ,we c det]m9e by *emical analysis ! exact am\nts ( ! v>i\s plant foods--nitrog51 phosphoric acid1 pota%1 etc4--:i* a crop ( any vegetable w remove f ! soil4 ,! idea 9 sci5tific *emical manur+ is to add to ! available plant foods already 9 ! soil j en\gh m to make ! result+ am\nts equal to ! quantities ( ! v>i\s elem5ts us$ by ! crop gr[n4 ,9 o!r words3 7 ,available plant food elem5ts 9 7 ! soil1 plus ,am\nts ( food elem5ts ,available *emical food elem5ts 7 9 matur$ crop suppli$ 9 f]tiliz]s 7 ,t 0 ! !ory--a v pretty & pr(\nd "o6 ,! discov]]s ( x imag9$ t all agriculture w\ld be revolutioniz$2 all f>m & g>d5 practice r$uc$ to an exact sci5ce2 all old] !ories ( husb&ry & tillage ?r[n by ! heels toge!r ^u ! scrap heap ( outworn ?+s4 ,sci5ce 0 to solve at "o fell swoop all ! age- old problems ( agriculture4 ,& ! :ole ?+ 0 all "r 9 e way b "o--x didn't "w4 ,! unwelcome & obdurate fact rema9$ t a c]ta9 numb] ( p\nds ( nitrog51 phosphoric acid & pota%--ab\t ?irty-?ree--9 a ton ( good manure w\ld gr[ bigg] crops ?an w\ld ! same numb] ( p\nds ( ! same elem5ts 9 a bag ( *emical f]tiliz]4 ,nev]!less ?is !ory1 :ile x fail$ z ! basis ( an exact agricultural sci5ce1 has be5 develop$ into an invaluable guide = us+ all manures1 & especially conc5trat$ *emical manures4 ,& ! above facts1 if ,i h pres5t$ !m cle>ly1 w assi/ ! home g>d5] 9 solv+ ! f]tiliz] problems :i* he is sure to enc\nt]4 ,,v>i\s ,,f]tiliz]s ,:at are t]m$ ! raw mat]ials f :i* ! univ]sally kn[n mix$ f]tiliz]s are made up1 are organic or inorganic sub/ances :i* conta9 nitrog51 phosphoric acid or pota% 9 fairly def9ite am\nts4 ,"s ( ^! c be us$ to advantage by !mselves4 ,^? practical = use by ! home g>d5]1 ,i m5tion4 ,! special uses to :i* !y are adapt$ w be m5tion$ 9 ,"p ,two1 "u ! vegetables = :i* !y are valuable4 ,,gr\nd ,,bone is ri* 9 phosphate & la/s a long "t2 :at is call$ raw bone is ! be/ ,bone du/ or bone fl\r is f9ely pulv]iz$2 x w produce quick results1 b does n la/ z long z ! co>s] =ms4 ,,cotton-,,se$ ,,meal is "o ( ! be/ nitrog5\s f]tiliz]s = g>d5 crops4 ,x is saf] ?an nitrate ( soda 9 ! h&s ( ! inexp]i5c$ g>d5]1 & decays v quickly 9 ! soil4 ,,p]uvian ,,guano1 9 ! pure =m1 is n[ practically out ( ! m>ket4 ,l[] grades1 less ri* 9 nitrog5 especially1 are to be _h2 & also =tifi$ guano1 9 :i* *emicals are add$ to increase ! cont5t ( nitrog54 ,x is good = quick results4 ,,nitrate ,,( ,,soda1 :5 prop]ly h&l$1 frequ5tly produces wond]ful results 9 ! g>d51 p>ticul>ly ^u quick-gr[+ crops4 ,x is ! ri*e/ 9 nitrog5 ( any *emical g5]ally us$1 & a great /imulant to plant gr[?4 ,:5 us$ alone x is safe/ to mix ) an equal bulk ( light dirt or "s o!r fill]4 ,if appli$ pure1 be sure to obs]ve ! foll[+ rules or y may burn y\r plants3 7#a7 ,pulv]ize all lumps2 7#b7 see t none ( x lodges ^u ! foliage2 7#c7 nev] apply :5 !re is moi/ure ^u ! plants2 7#d7 apply 9 _m small doses--say #aj to #bj p\nds at a "t = #ej x #ajj feet ( g>d54 ,x %\ld be put on s sp>+ly z to be b>ely visible2 b its pres5ce w soon be d5ot$ by ! moi/ spot1 look+ l a big ra9 drop1 :i* ea* p>ticle ( x makes 9 ! dry soil4 ,nitrate ( soda may also be us$ safely 9 solution1 at ! rate ( #a p\nd to #ab gallons ( wat]4 ,i describe its use ?us at l5g? because ,i consid] x ! mo/ valuable s+le *emical :i* ! g>d5] has at comm&4 ,,muriate & ,,sulphate ,,( ,,pota% are also us$ by !mselves z s\rces ( pota%1 b z a g5]al ?+ x w be be/ to use !m 9 comb9ation ) o!r *emicals z describ$ "u ,home ,mix+4 ,,lime w be ( b5efit to mo/ soils4 ,x acts l>gely z an indirect f]tiliz]1 help+ to release o!r food elem5ts already 9 ! soil1 b 9 non-available =ms4 ,x %\ld be appli$ once 9 ?ree to five ye>s1 at ! rate ( #ge to #ajj bu%els p] acre1 aft] pl[+1 & ?or\ghly h>r[$ 94 ,apply z long be=e plant+ z possible1 or 9 ! fall4 ,,mix$ ,,f]tiliz]s ,mix$ f]tiliz]s are ( innum]able br&s1 & = sale ev]y:]e4 ,x is little use to pay att5tion to ! claims made = !m4 ,ev5 :]e ! analysis is gu>ante$1 ! ord9>y g>d5] has no way ( kn[+ t ! cont5ts ( 8 few bags are :at !y are label$4 ,! be/ y c d1 h[ev]1 is to buy on ! basis ( analysis1 n ( price p] ton--usually ! m y pay p] bag1 ! *eap] y are really buy+ y\r actual plant food4 ,s5d to ! ,exp]im5t ,/ation 9 y\r ,/ate & ask = ! la/ bullet9 on f]tiliz] values4 ,x w give a li/ ( ! br&s sold ?r\gh\t ! ,/ate1 ! retail price p] ton1 & ! actual value ( plant foods conta9$ 9 a ton4 ,!n buy ! br& 9 :i* y w app>5tly get ! greate/ value4 ,= g>d5 crops ! mix$ f]tiliz] y use %\ld conta9 7ab\t73 7 ,nitrog51 #d p] c5t4 7 ,basic =mula ,phosphoric acid1 #h p] c5t4 = ,pota%1 #aj p] c5t4 7 ,g>d5 crops 7 ,if appli$ alone1 use at ! rate ( #ajjj to #aejj p\nds p] acre4 ,if ) manure1 less1 9 proportion to ! am\nt ( ! latt] us$4 ,by basic =mula 7see above7 is meant "o :i* conta9s ! plant foods 9 ! proportion :i* all g>d5 crops mu/ h4 ,p>ticul> crops may ne$ additional am\nts ( "o or m ( ! ?ree elem5ts1 9 ord] to atta9 _! maximum gr[?4 ,su* extra fe$+ is usually suppli$ by top dress+s1 dur+ ! season ( gr[?4 ,! extra food b5eficial to ! diff]5t vegetables w be m5tion$ 9 ! cultural directions 9 ,"p ,two4 ,,home ,,mix+ ,if y look ov] ! ,exp]im5t ,/ation report m5tion$ above1 y w notice t :at are call$ home mixtures almo/ inv>iably %[ a high] value comp>$ to ! co/ ?an any regul> br&4 ,9 "s cases ! diff]5ce is fifty p] c5t4 ,?is means t y c buy ! raw *emicals & make up y\r own mixtures *eap] ?an y c buy mix$ f]tiliz]s4 ,m ?an t1 x means y w h pur] mixtures4 ,m ?an t1 x means y w h on h& ! mat]ials = giv+ y\r crops ! special fe$+ m5tion$ above4 ,! idea widely prevails1 ?anks l>gely to ! f]tiliz] companies1 t home mix+ _c be practically done1 especially ^u a small scale4 ,f bo? in=mation & p]sonal exp]i5ce ,i "k ! contr>y to be ! case4 ,) a tight floor or plat=m1 a squ>e-po9t$ %ovel & a co>se wire scre51 !re is absolutely no?+ impractical ab\t x4 ,! important ?+ is to see t all +r$i5ts are ev5ly & ?or\ghly mix$4 ,a scale = weigh+ w also be a conv5i5ce4 ,fur!r in=mation may be _h f ! firms :i* sell raw mat]ials1 or f y\r ,exp]im5t ,/ation4 ,,apply+ ,,manures ,! matt] ( prop]ly apply+ manure1 ev5 on ! small g>d51 is also ( importance4 ,9 am\nt1 f fifte5 to tw5ty-five cords1 or #fj to #ajj c>tloads1 w n be too mu*2 al?\gh if f]tiliz]s are us$ to help out1 ! manure may be decreas$ 9 proportion4 ,if possible1 take x f ! heap 9 :i* x has be5 rott+1 & spread ev5ly ov] ! soil imm$iately be=e pl[+4 ,if actively f]m5t+1 x w lose by be+ expos$ to w9d & sun4 ,if gre51 or 9 cold wea!r1 x may be spread & left until pl[+ is done4 ,:5 pl[+1 x %\ld be completely cov]$ "u1 or x w give all k9ds ( tr\ble 9 s[+ & cultivat+4 ,f]tiliz]s %\ld be appli$1 :]e us$ to supplem5t manure or 9 place ( x1 at f #ejj to #aejj p\nds p] acre1 accord+ to grade & o!r conditions4 ,x is s[n on broadca/1 aft] pl[+1 c>e be+ tak5 to get x ev5ly di/ribut$4 ,?is may be assur$ by s[+ half :ile go+ across ! piece1 & ! o!r half :ile go+ l5g?wise ( x4 ,:5 us$ z a />t]1 or = top dress+s--z m5tion$ 9 connection ) ! basic =mula--x may be put 9 ! hill or r[ at "t ( plant+1 or appli$ on ! surface & work$ 9 dur+ ! gr[? ( ! plants4 ,9 ei!r case1 especially ) highly conc5trat$ *emicals1 c>e mu/ be tak5 to mix !m ?or\ghly ) ! soil & to avoid burn+ ! t5d] roots4 ,?is *apt] is long] ?an ,i want$ to make x1 b ! problem ( h[ be/ to enri* ! soil is ! mo/ difficult "o 9 ! :ole bus9ess ( g>d5+1 & ! degree ( y\r success 9 gr[+ vegetables w be measur$ pretty mu* by ! ext5t to :i* y ma/] x4 ,y _c d x at "o read+4 ,re-read ?is *apt]1 & :5 y und]/& ! sev]al subjects m5tion$1 9 ! brief way :i* limit$ space made necess>y1 pursue !m f>!r 9 "o ( ! sev]al compreh5sive books on ! subject4 ,x w well repay all ! "t y sp5d ^u x4 ,because1 f necessity1 !re has be5 s mu* ( !ory mix$ up ) ! practical 9 ?is *apt]1 ,i %all v briefly recapitulate ! directions = j :at to d1 9 ord] t ! subject ( manur+ may be left ^u ! same practical basis gov]n+ ! re/ ( ! book4 ,to make y\r g>d5 ri* en\gh to gr[ big crops1 buy ! mo/ ?or\ghly work$ ov] & decompos$ manure y c f9d4 ,if x is f gra9-f$ animals1 & if pigs h run on x1 x w be bett] yet4 ,if possible1 buy en\gh to put on at ! rate ( ab\t tw5ty cords to ! acre2 if n1 supplem5t ! manure1 :i* %\ld be pl[$ "u1 ) #ejj to #aejj p\nds ( high-grade mix$ f]tiliz] 7analyz+ nitrog5 f\r p] c5t41 phosphoric acid eight p] c5t41 pota% t5 p] c5t47--! quantity 9 proportion to ! am\nt ( manure us$1 & spread on broadca/ aft] pl[+ & ?or\ghly h>r[$ 94 ,9 addition to ?is g5]al enri*m5t ( ! soil1 suitable quantities ( nitrate ( soda1 = nitrog52 bone du/ 7or acid phosphate71 = phosphoric acid2 & sulphate ( pota%1 = pota%1 %\ld be b\ght = lat] dress+s1 z sugge/$ 9 cultural directions = ! v>i\s crops4 ,if ! in/ructions 9 ! above p>agraph are foll[$ out y may re/ assur$ t y\r vegetables w n want = plant food & t1 if o!r conditions are favorable1 y w h maximum crops4 ,,*apt] ,,vii ,,! ,,soil ,,& ,,its ,,prep>ation ,hav+ consid]$1 z ?or\ghly z ! limit$ space available p]mitt$1 ! matt] ( plant foods1 we mu/ proce$ to ! equally important "o ( h[ prop]ly to set ! table1 on or r 91 :i* !y mu/ be plac$1 be=e ! plants c use !m4 ,z 0 not$ 9 ! fir/ "p ( ! prec$+ *apt]1 mo/ tillable soils conta9 ! necess>y plant food elem5ts to a consid]able ext5t1 b only 9 a v limit$ degree 9 available =ms4 ,!y are lock$ up 9 ! soil l>d]1 & only aft] und]go+ physical & *emical *anges may be tak5 up by ! fe$+ roots ( plants4 ,!y are unlock$ only by ! dis9tegration & decomposition ( ! soil p>ticles1 "u ! influ5ce ( cultivation--or me*anical break+ up--& ! access ( wat]1 air & heat4 ,! great importance ( ! "p ! soil mu/ play 9 e g>d5 op]ation is !re=e readily se54 ,9 ! fir/ place1 x is requir$ to furni% all ! plant food elem5ts--"s sev5 9 numb]1 beside ! ?ree1 nitrog51 phosphoric acid & pota%1 already m5tion$4 ,9 ! second1 x mu/ hold ! moi/ure 9 :i* ^! foods mu/ be ei!r dissolv$ or susp5d$ be=e plant roots c take !m up4 ,! soil is naturally classifi$ 9 two ways3 fir/1 z to ! am\nt ( plant food conta9$2 second1 z to its me*anical condition--! relative proportions ( s&1 decompos$ /one & clay1 ( :i* x is made up1 & also ! degree to :i* x has be5 brok5 up by cultivation4 ,! approximate am\nt ( available plant food already conta9$ 9 ! soil c be det]m9$ satisfactorily only by exp]im5t4 ,z be=e /at$1 h[ev]1 almo/ )\t exception !y w ne$ lib]al manur+ to produce good g>d5 crops4 ,i %all !re=e n g fur!r into ! fir/ classification ( soils m5tion$4 ,( soils1 accord+ to _! v>iation 9 me*anical texture1 ,i %all m5tion only ! ?ree :i* ! home g>d5] is likely to enc\nt]4 ,rocks are ! orig9al basis ( all soils1 & accord+ to ! degree ( f95ess to :i* !y h be5 r$uc$1 ?r\gh c5turies ( decomposition by air1 moi/ure & fro/1 !y are kn[n z gravelly1 s&y or clayey soils4 ,,clay ,,soils are /iff1 wet1 heavy & usually cold4 ,= g>d5 purposes1 until prop]ly trans=m$1 !y hold too mu* wat]1 are difficult to h&le1 & are late4 ,b ev5 if !re be no *oice b a clay soil = ! home g>d51 ! g>d5] ne$ n be disc\rag$4 ,by prop] treatm5t x may be br\ght into excell5t condition = gr[+ vegetables1 & w produce "s sorts1 su* z cel]y1 bett] ?an any w>m1 light1 g>d5 soil4 ,! fir/ ?+ to d ) ! clay soil g>d51 is to h x ?or\ghly dra9$4 ,= ! small am\nt ( gr\nd usually requir$ = a home g>d51 ?is w entail no great exp5se4 ,"u ord9>y conditions1 a half-acre g>d5 c\ld be "u-dra9$ = f #be to #ej--probably ne>] ! fir/ figure4 ,! dra9s--r\nd dra9 tile1 ) coll>s--%\ld be plac$ at lea/ ?ree feet deep1 & if !y c be put f\r1 x w be mu* bett]4 ,! l9es %\ld be1 = ! =m] dep?1 tw5ty to ?irty feet ap>t1 accord+ to "* ( ! soil2 if f\r feet deep1 !y w accompli% j z mu* if put ?irty to fifty feet ap>t--s x pays to put !m 9 deep4 ,= small areas #b-a_/b-;in* l& tile w d4 ,! r\nd /yle gives ! be/ satisfaction & w prove *eape/ 9 ! end4 ,! outlet %\ld ( c\rse be at ! l[e/ po9t ( l&1 & all dra9s1 ma9 & lat]als1 %\ld fall slightly1 b )\t exception1 t[>d ?is po9t4 ,be=e und]tak+ to put 9 ! dra9s1 ev5 on a small area1 x w pay well to read "s good book on ! subject1 su* z ,dra9+ = ,pr(it & ,dra9+ = ,heal?1 by ,w>+4 ,b dra9--if y\r l& requires x4 ,x w increase ! productiv5ess ( y\r g>d5 at lea/ #ej to #ajj p] c5t4--& su* an increase1 z y c readily see1 w pay a v h&some annual divid5d on ! co/ ( dra9+4 ,moreov]1 ! dra9+ sy/em1 if prop]ly put 91 w practically nev] ne$ r5ewal4 ,on l& t has a /iff or clay sub-soil1 x w pay well to break ?is up--?us mak+ x m possible = ! wat] to soak d[n ?r\gh ! surface soil rapidly--by us+ ! sub-soil pl[4 7,see ,*apt] ,v47 ,! ?ird way to improve clay soils is by us+ co>se vegetable manures1 l>ge quantities ( /able1 manures1 a%es1 *ips1 sawdu/1 s&1 or any simil> mat]ials1 :i* w t5d to break up & light5 ! soil me*anically4 ,lime & l& pla/] are also valuable1 z !y cause *emical *anges :i* t5d to break up clayey soils4 ,! f\r? ?+ to d 9 treat+ a g>d5 ( heavy soil is to pl[1 ridg+ up z mu* z possible1 9 ! fall1 ?us leav+ ! soil expos$ to ! pulv]iz+ influ5ces ( wea!r & fro/4 ,usually x w n ne$ repl[+ 9 ! spr+4 ,if n pl[$ until ! spr+1 c>e %\ld be tak5 n to pl[ until x has dri$ out suffici5tly to crumble f ! pl[1 in/ead ( mak+ a wet1 pa/y furr[4 ,! own] ( a clayey g>d5 has "o big consolation4 ,x w n let 8 plant food g to wa/e4 ,x w hold manures & f]tiliz]s incorporat$ ) x long] ?an any o!r soil4 ,,s&y ,,soil is1 z ! t]m implies1 compos$ l>gely ( s&1 & is ! rev]se ( clay soil4 ,s1 also1 ) ! treatm5t4 ,x %\ld be s h&l$ z to be kept z compact z possible4 ,! use ( a heavy roll]1 z frequ5tly z possible1 w prove v b5eficial4 ,s[+ or plant+ %\ld foll[ imm$iately aft] pl[+1 & f]tiliz]s or manures %\ld be appli$ only imm$iately be=e4 ,if clay soil is obta9able ne>by1 a small area ( s&y soil1 su* z is requir$ = ! g>d51 c be made into excell5t soil by ! addition ( ! =m]1 appli$ z y w\ld manure4 ,pl[ ! g>d5 9 ! fall & spread ! clay soil on ev5ly1 h>r[+ 9 ) a disc 9 ! spr+4 ,! result w be z b5eficial z t ( an equal dress+ ( good manure--& w be p]man5t4 ,x is "o ( ! valuable qualities ( lime1 & also ( gypsum to ev5 a great] ext5t1 t :ile x helps a clay soil1 x is equally valuable = a s&y "o4 ,! same is true ( a%es & ( ! organic manures--especially ( gre5 manur+4 ,f]tiliz]s1 on s&y soils1 :]e !y w n long be reta9$1 %\ld be appli$ only imm$iately be=e plant+1 or z top & side dress+ dur+ gr[?4 ,s&y soil 9 ! g>d5 w produce e>ly & quick results1 & is especially adapt$ to melons1 cucumb]s1 beans & a numb] ( ! o!r g>d5 vegetables4 ,,gravelly ,,soil is g5]ally less desirable ?an ei!r ( ! o!rs2 x has ! bad qualities ( s&y soil & n ! good ones ( clay1 besides be+ poor] 9 plant food4 7,calc>e\s1 or lime/one pebble1 soils are an exception1 b !y are n widely enc\nt]$47 ,!y are n suit$ = g>d5 "w1 z tillage h>ms r ?an helps !m4 ,,! ,,ideal ,,g>d5 ,,soil is :at is kn[n z a ri*1 s&y loam1 at lea/ eight in*es deep2 if x is eighte5 x w be bett]4 ,x conta9s ! prop] proportions ( bo? s& & clay1 & fur!r has be5 put into ! be/ ( me*anical condition by good til?4 ,t la/ ^w br+s u to a new & v important matt]4 ,9 good til? is a condition ( ! soil difficult to describe1 b a /ate t ! g>d5] comes soon to recognize4 ,gr\nd1 cont9ually & prop]ly cultivat$1 comes soon to a degree ( f95ess & lightness at once recognizable4 ,ra9 is imm$iately absorb$ by x1 & does n /& ^u ! surface2 x does n readily clog or pack d[n2 x is crumbly & easily work$2 & until y\r g>d5 is br\ght to ?is condition y _c atta9 ! greate/ success f y\r ef=ts4 ,i emphasiz$ prop]ly cultivat$4 ,t means t ! soil mu/ be kept well suppli$ ) humus1 or decompos$ vegetable matt]1 ei!r by ! application ( suffici5t quantities ( organic manures1 or by gre5 manur+1 or by re/+ "u grass1 :i* produces a simil> result f ! am\nt ( roots & /ubble ) :i* ! soil is fill$ :5 ! sod is brok5 up4 ,only by ?is supply ( humus c ! g>d5 be kept 9 t light1 friable1 spongy condition :i* is absolutely ess5tial to luxuriant vegetable gr[?4 ,,prep>+ ,,! ,,soil ,unless y\r g>d5 be a v small "o inde$1 x w pay to h x pl[$ r ?an dug up by h&4 ,if necess>y1 arrange ! surr\nd+ f5ce z sugge/$ 9 ! accompany+ diagram1 to make possible ! use ( a horse = pl[+ & h>r[+4 7,z sugge/$ 9 ! *apt] on ,implem5ts71 if !re is n room = a team1 ! "o- horse pl[1 spr+-too? & spike-too? cultivators1 c d ! "w 9 v small spaces4 ,if h[ev] ! break+ up ( ! g>d5 mu/ be done by h&1 h x done deeply--d[n to ! sub-soil1 or z deep z ! spad+-=k w g4 ,& h x done ?or\ghly1 e spadeful turn$ completely & e in* dug4 ,x is h>d "w1 b x mu/ n be slight$4 ,,pl[+ ,if ! g>d5 c be pl[$ 9 ! fall1 by all means h x done4 ,if x is 9 sod1 x mu/ be done at t "t if good results are to be secur$ ! foll[+ season4 ,9 ?is latt] case1 pl[ a %all[ furr[ f\r to six in*es deep & turn+ flat1 z e>ly z possible 9 ! fall1 turn+ "u a coat+ ( horse manure1 or dress+ ( lime1 & !n go+ ov] x ) a smoo?+-h>r[ or ! %ort blades ( ! ,acme1 to fill 9 all crevices4 ,! object ( ! pl[+ is to get ! sods rott$ ?or\ghly be=e ! foll[+ spr+2 !n apply manure & pl[ deeply1 six to twelve in*es1 accord+ to ! soil4 ,:]e ! old g>d5 is to be pl[$ up1 if !re has n be5 "t to get 9 "o ( ! cov] crops sugge/$ else:]e 9 ?is text1 pl[ z late z possible1 & 9 ridges4 ,if ! soil is light & s&y1 fall pl[+ w n be advisable4 ,9 beg9n+ ! spr+ "w x is cu/om>y to put on ! manure & pl[ b once4 ,b ! labor ( d\ble pl[+ w be well repaid1 especially on a soil likely to suff] f dr\?1 if ! gr\nd be pl[$ once1 deeply1 be=e ! manure is spread on1 & !n cross- pl[$ j suffici5tly to turn ! manure well "u--say five or six in*es4 ,on /iff l&s1 & especially = root crops1 x w pay if possible to h ! sub-soil pl[ foll[ ! regul> pl[4 ,?is is1 ( c\rse1 = ?or\ghly rott$ & f9$ manure2 if co>se1 x _h bett] be put "u at "o pl[+1 mak+ ! be/ ( a h&icap4 ,if y h arrang$ to h y\r g>d5 pl[$ by ! job1 be on h& to see t no %irk+ is done1 by tak+ furr[s wid] ?an ! pl[ c turn completely2 x is possible to cut & cov] s t ! surface ( a piece w look well en\gh1 :5 9 reality x is little bett] ?an half pl[$4 ,,h>r[+ ,t is ! fir/ /ep t[>d ! prep>ation ( a successful g>d5 out ( ! way4 ,next comes ! h>r[+2 if ! soil aft] pl[+ is at all /iff & lumpy1 get a disc-h>r[ if y c2 on clayey soils a cut-a-way 7see ,implem5ts74 ,on ! av]age g>d5 soil1 h[ev]1 ! ,acme w d ! "w ( pulv]iz+ 9 f9e %ape4 ,if1 ev5 aft] h>r[+1 ! soil rema9s lumpy1 h ! man :o is do+ y\r "w get a horse-roll] some:]e1 & g ov] ! piece ) t4 ,! roll] %\ld be us$ also on v s&y & light soils1 aft] ! fir/ h>r[+ 7or aft] ! pl[+1 if ! l& turns ov] mell[7 to compact x4 ,to foll[ ! fir/ h>r[+ 7or ! roll]7 use a smoo?+-h>r[1 ! ,acme set %all[1 or a bru%4 ,,f9+4 ,?is treatm5t w r$uce to a m9imum ! labor ( f9ally prep>+ ! se$- or plant-b$ ) ! iron rake 7or1 on l>ge g>d5s1 ) ! ,meek] h>r[74 ,aft] ! f9i%+ t\*es1 ! soil %\ld be left s ev5 & smoo? t y c ) difficulty br+ y\rself to /ep on x4 ,get x l a table--& !n y are ready to beg9 g>d5+4 ,:atev] implem5ts are us$1 d n =get ! great importance ( mak+ ! soil ?or\ghly f9e1 n only at ! surface1 b z f> z possible bel[ ,ev5 "u ! necessity ( repetition4 ,i want to emphasize ?is aga9 by /at+ ! f\r *ief b5efits1 ( ?is ?or\gh pulv]ization3 ,fir/1 x adds mat]ially 9 mak+ ! plant foods 9 ! soil available = use2 secondly1 x induces ! gr[+ plants to root deeply1 & ?us to a great] ext5t to escape ! dry+ influ5ce ( ! sun2 ?irdly1 x enables ! soil to absorb ra9 ev5ly1 :]e x falls1 :i* w\ld o!rwise ei!r run (f & be lo/ altoge!r1 or collect 9 ! l[] p>ts ( ! g>d52 & la/1 & mo/ important1 x enables ! soil to reta9 moi/ure ?us /or$1 z 9 a subt]ranean /orage tank1 b :]e ! plants c draw ^u x1 long aft] c>elessly prep>$ & %all[ soils are burn+ up 9 ! long protract$ dr\?s :i* we seem to be increas+ly c]ta9 ( gett+ dur+ ! late summ]4 ,prep>e y\r g>d5 deeply1 ?or\ghly1 c>efully1 9 addition to mak+ x ri*1 & y may !n turn to ^? m int]e/+ op]ations outl9$ 9 ! succe$+ sections1 ) ! well f\nd$ assurance t y\r ?\ght & labor w be rew>d$ by a g>d5 s rem>kably m successful ?an ! av]age g>d5 is1 t all y\r extra pa9s-tak+ w be ri*ly repaid4 ,"p ,two--,vegetables ,,*apt] ,,viii4 ,,/>t+ ,,! ,,plants ,?is beautifully prep>$ g>d5 spot--or r ! plant food 9 x-- is to be trans=m$ into good ?+s = y\r table1 ?r\gh ! ev] wond]ful ag5cy ( plant gr[?4 ,! ?read ( life inh]+ 9 ! t9ie/ se$1 9 ! smalle/ plant1 is ! magic w& t may transmute ! soil's dull metal into ! gold ( fl[] & fruit4 ,all ! ?\ght1 c>e & exp5se describ$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s are b to get ready = ! two ?+s f :i* y\r g>d5 is to spr+1 9 ways s deeply hidd5 t c5turies ( ! close/ obs]vation h fail$ to reveal _! inn] work+s4 ,^? two are se$s & plants4 7,! /ickl]s = te*nical exactness w "h take exception1 call+ our att5tion to tub]s1 bulbs1 corns & num]\s o!r tav]ns :]e plant life puts up ov] night1 betwe5 gr[? & gr[?1 b = our pres5t purpose we ne$ n m9d !m47 ,! plants :i* y put out 9 y\r g>d5 w h be5 />t$ "u glass f se$1 s t1 indirectly1 ev]y?+ dep5ds on ! se$4 ,good se$s1 & true1 y mu/ h if y\r g>d5 is to atta9 t highe/ success :i* %\ld be our aim4 ,se$s v>y greatly--v mu* m s ?an ! beg9n] has any conception (4 ,!re are ?ree ess5tials2 if se$s fail 9 any "o ( !m1 !y w be r5d]$ next to useless4 ,fir/1 !y mu/ be true2 select$ f good types ( /ock & true to "n2 !n !y mu/ h be5 good1 /rong1 plump se$s1 full ( life & ga!r$ f heal?y plants2 & f9ally1 !y mu/ be fre%4 ,footnote3 ,see table lat] ?is *apt] ,x is !re=e ( vital importance t y procure ! be/ se$s t c be _h1 reg>dless ( co/4 ,poor se$s are de> at any price2 y _c af=d to accept !m z a gift4 ,x is1 ( c\rse1 impossible to give a rule by :i* to buy good se$1 b ! foll[+ sugge/ions w put y on ! safe track4 ,fir/1 pur*ase only ( "s reliable mail-ord] h\se2 d n be tempt$1 ei!r by conv5i5ce or *eapness1 to buy ! gaily li?ograph$ packets display$ 9 groc]y & h>dw>e /ores at plant+ "t--z a rule !y are n reliable2 & :at y want = y\r good money is good se$1 n *eap ink4 ,second1 buy ( se$sm5 :o make a po9t ( gr[+ & te/+ _! own se$4 ,?ird1 to beg9 )1 buy f sev]al h\ses & we$ out to ! "o :i* proves1 by actual results1 to be ! mo/ reliable4 ,ano!r good plan is to pur*ase se$ ( any p>ticul> v>iety f ! firm t makes a lead+ specialty ( x2 9 _m cases ^! specialties h be5 introduc$ by ^! firms & !y gr[ _! own supplies ( ^! se$s2 !y w also be sur] ( be+ true to "n & type4 ,good plants are1 9 proportion to ! am\nts us$1 j z important z good se$--& ( c\rse y _c af=d los+ weeks ( g>d5 usefulness by gr[+ entirely f se$ s[n out-doors4 ,beets1 cabbage1 caulifl[]1 lettuce1 tomatoes1 pepp]s1 egg-plant1 & = really effici5t g>d5+1 also onions1 corn1 melons1 cel]y1 lima beans1 cucumb]s1 & squa%1 w all beg9 _! joy\s j\rney t[>d ! g>d5]'s table sev]al weeks be=e !y get into ! g>d5 at all4 ,!y w all be />t$ "u glass & h atta9$ a good1 ?rifty1 gr[+ size be=e !y are plac$ 9 ! soil we h be5 s c>efully prep>+ = !m4 ,x is next to impossible to describe a good vegetable plant1 b he :o g>d5s w come soon to di/+ui% betwe5 ! heal?y1 %ort-jo9t$1 deep-color$ plant :i* is ready to take hold & gr[1 & ! s(t1 flabby 7or too succul5t7 drawn-up gr[? ( plants :i* h be5 too mu* pamp]$1 or dw>f$1 weaz5$ specim5s :i* h be5 abus$ & />v$2 he w le>n t a doz5 ( ! =m] w yield m ?an fifty ( ! latt]4 ,plants may be b\ght ( ! flori/ or m>ket g>d5]4 ,if s1 !y %\ld be p]sonally select$1 "s "t ahead1 & gott5 "s few days be=e ne$$ = sett+ out1 s t y may be sure to h !m prop]ly h>d5$ (f1 & 9 ! "r degree ( moi/ure1 = transplant+1 z w be describ$ lat]4 ,by f> ! m satisfactory way1 h[ev]1 is to gr[ !m y\rself4 ,y c !n be sure ( hav+ ! be/ ( plants 9 exactly ! quantities & v>ieties y want4 ,!y w also be on h& :5 conditions are j "r = sett+ !m out4 ,= ! ord9>y g>d51 all ! plants ne$$ may be />t$ successfully 9 hotb$s & cold-frames4 ,! p]son :o has _h no exp]i5ce ) ^! has usually an exagg]at$ idea ( _! co/ & ( ! skill requir$ to manage !m4 ,! skill is n z mu* a matt] ( exp]t k z ( c>eful regul> c>e1 daily4 ,only a few m9utes a day1 = a few sa%1 b e day4 ,! co/ ne$ be b little1 especially if "o is a bit h&y ) tools4 ,! sa% :i* s]ves = ! cov]1 & is removable1 is ! important "p ( ! /ructure4 ,sa% may be _h1 ready glaz$ & pa9t$1 at f #b4ej to #c4ej ea*1 & ) c>e !y w la/ t5 or ev5 tw5ty ye>s1 s y c see at once t n a v big increase 9 ! yield ( y\r g>d5 w be requir$ to pay int]e/ on ! inve/m5t4 ,or y c buy ! sa% unglaz$1 at a proportionately l[] price1 & put ! glass 9 y\rself1 if y pref] to sp5d a little m "t & less money4 ,h[ev]1 if y are n famili> ) ! "w1 & want only a few sa%1 ,i w\ld advise pur*as+ ! f9i%$ article4 ,9 size !y are ?ree feet by six4 ,frames ^u :i* to put ! sa% cov]+ may also be b\ght complete1 b "h !re is a *ance to save money by con/ruct+ y\r own frames--! mat]ials requir$1 be+ #bx#d 94 lumb] = po/s1 & in*-bo>ds2 or bett]1 if y c easily procure !m1 plank #b x #ab 94 ,s f> z ^! mat]ials g ! hotb$ & coldframe are alike4 ,! diff]5ce is t :ile ! coldframe dep5ds = its w>m? ^u cat*+ & hold+ ! heat ( ! sun's rays1 ! hotb$ is artificially heat$ by f]m5t+ manure1 or 9 r>e in/ances1 by hot wat] or /eam pipes4 ,9 con/ruct+ ! hotb$ !re are two me?ods us$2 ei!r by plac+ ! frames on top ( ! manure heap or by putt+ ! manure )9 ! frames4 ,! fir/ me?od has ! advantage ( p]mitt+ ! hotb$ to be made ^u froz5 gr\nd1 :5 requir$ 9 ! spr+4 ,! latt]1 :i* is ! bett]1 mu/ be built be=e ! gr\nd freezes1 b is m economical ( manure4 ,! manure 9 ei!r case %\ld be t ( gra9-f$ horses1 & if a small am\nt ( /raw b$d+1 or leaves--n m1 h[ev]1 ?an "o-?ird ( ! latt]--be mix$ among x1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,get ?is manure sev]al days ahead ( ! "t want$ = use & prep>e by /ack+ 9 a compact1 tramp$-d[n heap4 ,turn x ov] aft] ?ree or f\r days1 & re-/ack1 be+ c>eful to put ! =m] top & sides ( ! pile n[ on ! inside4 ,hav+ n[ ready ! heat+ app>atus & ! sup]/ructure ( our m9iature gre5h\se1 ! build+ ( x is a v simple matt]4 ,if ! gr\nd is froz51 spread ! manure 9 a l[1 flat heap--n9e or t5 feet side1 a foot & a half deep1 & z long z ! numb] ( sa% to be us$ dem&s--a cord ( manure ?us furni%+ a b$ = ab\t ?ree sa%1 n c\nt+ = ! ends ( ! /r+ or r[4 ,?is heap %\ld be well trodd5 d[n & ^u x %\ld be plac$ or built ! box or frame ^u :i* ! sa% are to re/4 ,9 us+ ?is me?od x w be m conv5i5t to h ! frame made up be=eh& & ready to place ^u ! manure1 z %[n 9 "o ( ! illu/rations4 ,?is %\ld be at lea/ twelve in*es high at ! front & "s half a foot high] at ! back4 ,fill 9 ) at lea/ f\r in*es--bett] six --( good g>d5 soil conta9+ pl5ty ( humus1 t x may all[ wat] to soak ?r\gh readily4 ,! o!r me?od is to con/ruct ! frames on ! gr\nd be=e sev]e freez+1 & 9 ?is case ! front %\ld be at lea/ tw5ty-f\r in*es high1 "p ( :i*--n m ?an half--may be bel[ ! gr\nd level4 ,! #b x #ab 94 planks1 :5 us$1 are h&l$ z foll[s3 /akes are driv5 9 to support ! back plank "s two or ?ree in*es above ! gr\nd1--:i* %\ld1 ( c\rse1 be level4 ,! front plank is sunk two or ?ree in*es into ! gr\nd & held upright by /akes on ! outside1 nail$ on4 ,remove en\gh dirt f inside ! frame to bank up ! planks ab\t halfway on ! outside4 ,:5 ?is bank+ has froz5 to a dep? ( two or ?ree in*es1 cov] ) r\gh manure or litt] to keep fro/ f /rik+ ?r\gh4 ,! manure = heat+ %\ld be prep>$ z above & put 9 to ! dep? ( a foot1 trodd5 d[n1 fir/ remov+ f\r to six in*es ( soil to be put back on top ( ! manure1--a cord ( ! latt]1 9 ?is case1 s]v+ sev5 sa%es4 ,! vegetable to be gr[n1 & ! season & climate1 w det]m9e ! dep? ( manure requir$--x w be f "o to two feet1--! latt] dep? seldom be+ necess>y4 ,x mu/ n be ov]look$ t ?is manure1 :5 sp5t = heat+ purposes1 is /ill z good z ev] to enri* ! g>d51 s t ! exp5se ( putt+ x 9 & remov+ x f ! frames is all t y c fairly *>ge up aga9/ y\r exp]im5t ) hotb$s1 if y are int]e/$ to "k :e!r !y really pay4 ,! exposure = ! hotb$s %\ld be :]e ! sun w /rike mo/ directly & :]e !y w be %elt]$ f ! nor?4 ,put up a f5ce ( r\gh bo>ds1 five or six feet high1 or place ! frames s\? ( "s build+4 ,! coldframe is con/ruct$ practically z 9 ! hotb$1 except t if manure is us$ at all x is = ! purpose ( enri*+ ! soil :]e lettuce1 radi%es1 cucumb]s or o!r crops are to be gr[n to maturity 9 x4 ,if "o c put up ev5 a v small frame gre5h\se1 x w be a spl5did inve/m5t bo? = pr(it & = pleasure4 ,! co/ is l[] ?an is g5]ally imag9$1 :]e "o is cont5t ) a home-made /ructure4 ,look into x4 ,,prep>+ ,,! ,,soil ,all ?is may seem l a lot ( tr\ble to g to = su* a small ?+ z a packet ( se$4 ,9 reality x is n ne>ly s mu* tr\ble z x s\nds1 & !n1 too1 ?is is = ! fir/ season only1 a well built frame la/+ = ye>s--=ev]1 if y want to take a little m "t & make x ( concrete in/ead ( bo>ds4 ,b n[ t ! frame is made1 h[ to use x is ! next "q4 ,! fir/ consid]ation mu/ be ! soil4 ,x %\ld be ri*1 light1 friable4 ,!re are "s g>d5 loams t w d well j z tak5 up1 b z a rule bett] results w be obta9$ :]e ! soil is made up specially z foll[s3 rott$ sods two p>ts1 old rott$ manure "o "p1 & en\gh co>se s& add$ to make ! mixture f9e & crumbly1 s t1 ev5 :5 moi/1 x w fall ap>t :5 press$ into a ball 9 ! h&4 ,su* soil is be/ prep>$ by cutt+ out sod1 9 ! summ]1 :]e ! grass is gre5 & ?ick1 indicat+ a ri* soil4 ,along old f5ces or ! roadside :]e ! wa% has settl$ w be good places to get limit$ quantities4 ,^? %\ld be cut ) consid]able soil & /ack$1 grassy sides toge!r1 9 lay]s 9 a compo/ pile4 ,if ! season proves v dry1 occasionally soak ! heap ?r\gh4 ,9 late fall put 9 ! cell>1 or :]ev] solid freez+ w n take place1 en\gh to s]ve = spr+ "w "u glass4 ,! am\nt c readily be calculat$2 soil = ?ree sa%1 f\r in*es deep1 = in/ance1 w\ld take eighte5 feet or a pile ?ree feet squ>e & two feet high4 ,! f9e manure 7& s&1 if necess>y7 may be add$ 9 ! fall or :5 us+ 9 ! spr+4 ,"h aga9 x may seem to ! amateur t unnecess>y pa9s are be+ tak54 ,i c b repeat :at has be5 sugge/$ all ?r\gh ?is book1 t x w require b little m "w to d ! ?+ ! be/ way z long z "o is do+ x at all1 & ! results w be n only bett]1 b practically c]ta9--& t is a trem5d\sly important po9t ab\t all g>d5+ op]ations4 ,,s[+ ,,! ,,se$ ,hav+ n[ our frames provid$ & our soil compos$ prop]ly & good /rong te/$ se$ on h&1 we are prep>$ to g ab\t ! bus9ess ( gr[+ our plants ) a practical c]ta9ty ( success--a mu* m com=table feel+ ?an if1 because some?+ or o!r _h be5 b half done1 we mu/ anxi\sly await results & ! *ances ( hav+ ! "w we _h put into ! ?+ g1 aft] all1 = no?+4 ,! se$ may be s[n ei!r directly 9 ! soil or 9 flats4 ,flats are made z foll[s3 ,get f y\r groc] a numb] ( crack] boxes1 ) ! tops4 ,saw ! boxes l5g?wise into sections1 a few two in*es deep & ! re/ ?ree4 ,"o box w make f\r or five su* sections1 = two ( :i* bottoms w be furni%$ by ! bottom & top ( ! orig9al box4 ,ano!r box ( ! same size1 knock$ ap>t1 w furni% six bottoms m to use = ! sections cut f ! middle ( ! box4 ,! bottoms ( all1 if tight1 %\ld h1 say1 five ?ree- qu>t]-in* holes bor$ 9 !m to all[ any surplus wat] to dra9 (f f ! soil4 ,! %all[ flats may be us$ = />t+ ! se$ & ! ?ree-in* ones = transplant+4 ,:]e s[+ b a small quantity ( ea* v>iety ( se$1 ! flats w be f\nd mu* m conv5i5t ?an s[+ directly 9 ! soil--& 9 ! case ( _! use1 ( c\rse1 ! soil on top ( ! manure ne$ be b two or ?ree in*es deep & n especially prep>$4 ,:]e ! se$ is to g directly into ! frames1 ! soil describ$ above is1 ( c\rse1 us$4 ,b :5 9 flats1 to be aga9 transplant$1 ! soil = ! fir/ s[+ w be bett] = hav+ no manure 9 x1 ! idea be+ to get ! h>de/1 /ockie/ gr[? possible4 ,soil = ! flats 9 :i* ! se$s are to be plant$ %\ld be1 if possible1 "o "p sod1 "o "p *ip dirt or leaf m\ld1 & "o "p s&4 ,! usual way ( h&l+ ! se$ flats is to fill ea* ab\t "o- ?ird full ( r\gh mat]ial--scre5+s1 small c9d]s or some?+ simil>--& !n fill ! box ) ! prep>$ e>?1 :i* %\ld fir/ be f9ely sift$4 ,?is1 aft] ! se$s are s[n1 %\ld be copi\sly wat]$--) a f9e rose spray1 or if "o has n su*1 ?r\gh a fold$ bag to prev5t ! wa%+ ( ! soil4 ,"h is ano!r way :i* ,i h us$ rec5tly &1 s f>1 ) "o hundr$ p] c5t1 c]ta9ty ( results4 ,la/ fall1 :5 e bit ( soil ab\t my place 0 a% dry1 & ,i _h occasion to />t imm$iately "s se$s t 7 late 9 rea*+ me1 my necessity mo!r$ ! foll[+ inv5tion1 an adaptation ( ! pr9ciple ( sub-irrigation4 ,to h fill$ ! flats 9 ! ord9>y way w\ld n h done1 z x w\ld h be5 impossible ev] to wet ! soil ?r\gh )\t mak+ a solid mud cake ( x1 9 :i* se$s w\ld h /ood ab\t z good a *ance ( do+ any?+ z ?\gh n wat]$ at all4 ,i fill$ ! flats "o-?ird full ( sphagnum moss1 :i* 0 soak$1 !n to )9 half an in* ( ! top ) soil1 :i* 0 likewise soak$1 & did n look p>ticul>ly invit+4 ,! flats 7 !n fill$ level-full ( ! du/-dry soil1 plant$1 & put 9 p>tial %ade4 ,)9 half a day ! surface soil _h come to j ! "r degree ( moi/ure1 soak$ up f bel[1 & !re 0 9 a few days m a p]fect /& ( se$l+s4 ,i h us$ ?is me?od 9 />t+ all my se$l+s ?is spr+--"s =ty ?\s&1 s f>--only us+ soil scre5+s1 mo/ly small pieces ( decay$ sod1 9 place ( ! moss & giv+ a v light wat]+ 9 ! surface to make x compact & to swell ! se$ at once4 ,two su* flats are %[n ,,ed41 unable to recreate 9 typ$ =mat1 j ready to transplant4 ,! se$l+s illu/rat$ 9 ! upp] flat _h receiv$ j two wat]+s s9ce be+ plant$4 ,:]e sev]al hundr$ or m plants ( ea* v>iety are want$1 s[ ! se$ broadca/ z ev5ly z possible & fairly ?ick--"o ounce ( cabbage1 = in/ance1 to ?ree to five #ac x #ai in* flats4 ,if b a few doz51 or a hundr$1 are want$1 s[ 9 r[s two or ?ree in*es ap>t1 be+ c>eful to label ea* correctly4 ,be=e s[+1 ! soil %\ld be press$ firmly into ! corn]s ( ! flats & level$ (f p]fectly smoo? ) a piece ( bo>d or %+le4 ,press ! se$ ev5ly into ! soil ) a flat piece ( bo>d1 cov] x lightly1 "o- eigh? to "o-qu>t] in*1 ) sift$ soil1 press d[n b>ely en\gh to make smoo?1 & wat] ) a v f9e spray1 or ?r\gh burlap4 ,= ! next two days ! flats c g on a pretty hot surface1 if "o is available1 su* z hot wat] or /eam pipes1 or top ( a boil]1 b if ^! are n conv5i5t1 directly into ! frame1 :]e ! temp]ature %\ld be kept z ne> z possible to t indicat$ 9 ! foll[+ table4 ,9 f two to twelve days1 accord+ to temp]ature & v>iety1 ! little se$l+s w beg9 to appe>4 ,9 case ! soil has n be5 made q friable en\gh1 !y w sometimes raise ! ro( in/ead ( break+ ?r\gh4 ,if s1 see t ! surface is brok5 up at once1 ) ! f+]s & a c>eful wat]+1 z o!rwise _m ( ! little plants may become b5t & lanky 9 a v %ort "t4 ,f n[ on until !y are ready to transplant1 a p]iod ( "s ?ree or f\r weeks1 is ! "t :5 !y w mo/ readily be injur$ by neglect4 ,!re are ?+s y w h to look out =1 & y\r att5tion mu/ be regul> to ! matt]s ( temp]ature1 v5tilation & moi/ure4 ,,vegetable ,,date ,,to ,,s[ ,,se$ ,,w ,,be/ ,,temp]ature ,,to ,,keep ,,g]m9ate 7,,ab\t7 7,,ab\t7 ,beets ,feb4 #ae-;,apr4 #a #e ye>s #ee degrees ,broccoli ,feb4 #ae-;,apr4 #a #e ye>s #ee degrees ,brussels ,spr\ts ,feb4 #ae-;,apr4 #a #g ye>s #ee degrees ,cabbage ,feb4 #a-;,apr4 #a #g ye>s #ee degrees ,caulifl[] ,feb4 #a-;,apr4 #a #g ye>s #ee degrees ,cel]y ,feb4 #ae-;,apr4 #a #h ye>s #ej degrees ,corn ,apr4 #a-,may #a #b ye>s #fe degrees ,cucumb] ,m>4 #ae-,may #a #aj ye>s #ge degrees ,egg-plant ,m>4 #a-;,apr4 #ae #g ye>s #ge degrees ,kohlrabi ,m>4 #a-;,apr4 #a #g ye>s #ee degrees ,lettuce ,feb4 #ae-;,apr4 #a #e ye>s #ee degrees ,melon1 musk ,apr4 #a-,may #a #g ye>s #ge degrees ,melon1 wat] ,apr4 #a-,may #a #g ye>s #ge degrees ,okra ,m>4 #ae-;,apr4 #ae #c ye>s #fe degrees ,onion ,jan4 #ae-,m>4 #ae #c ye>s #ej degrees ,pepp] ,m>4 #a-;,apr4 #ae #e ye>s #ge degrees ,squa% ,m>4 #ae-;,apr4 #ae #g ye>s #ge degrees ,tomato ,m>4 #a-;,apr4 #ae #e ye>s #ge degrees ,! temp]atures requir$ by ! diff]5t v>ieties w be indicat$ by ! table above4 ,x %\ld be kept z ne>ly z possible )9 t5 degrees l[] & fifte5 high] 79 ! sun7 ?an giv54 ,if ! nights are /ill cold1 s t ! m]cury goes ne> z]o1 x w be necess>y to provide mats or %utt]s 7see illu/rations7 to cov] ! glass at night4 ,or1 bett] /ill1 = ! few e>lie/ frames1 h d\ble-glass sa%1 ! dead-air space mak+ fur!r protection unnecess>y4 ,,v5tilation3 ,on all days :5 ! temp]ature )9 ! frame runs up to sixty to eighty degrees1 accord+ to v>iety1 give air1 ei!r by tilt+ ! sa% up at ! end or side1 & hold+ 9 position ) a not*$ /ick2 or1 if ! outside temp]ature p]mits1 /rip ! glass (f altoge!r4 ,,wat]+3 ,keep a close wat* ^u ! conditions ( ! soil1 especially if y are us+ flats in/ead ( plant+ directly 9 ! soil4 ,wait until x is fairly dry--nev] until ! plants beg9 to wilt1 h[ev]--& !n give a ?or\gh soak+1 all ! soil w absorb4 ,if at all possible d ?is only 9 ! morn+ 7up to elev5 o'clock7 on a bright sunny day4 ,plants 9 ! se$l+ /ate are subject to damp+ (f--a sudd5 disease ( ! /em tissue j at or bel[ ! soil1 :i* ei!r kills ! se$l+s outright1 or r5d]s !m wor?less4 ,"s au?orities claim t ! degree ( moi/ure or dampness has no?+ to d ) ?is tr\ble4 ,i am n prep>$ to contradict !m1 b z f> z my own exp]i5ce goes ,i am satisfi$ t ! dri] ! /ems & leaves c be kept1 s long z ! soil is 9 good condition1 ! bett]4 ,i consid] ?is "o ( ! advantages ( ! sub-irrigation me?od ( prep>+ ! se$ flats1 describ$ above4 ,,transplant+3 ,"u ?is c>e ! little se$l+s w come along rapidly4 ,:5 ! second true leaf is =m+ !y w be ready = transplant+ or prick+ (f1 z x is t]m$ 9 g>d5 p>lance4 ,if ! plants are at all cr[d$ 9 ! boxes1 ?is %\ld be done j z soon z !y are ready1 z o!rwise !y w be injur$ by cr[d+ & m likely to damp (f4 ,boxes simil> to ! se$-flats1 b an in* deep]1 are provid$ = transplant+4 ,fill ^! ) soil z describ$ = frames--sift$ ?r\gh a co>se scre5 7*ick5-wire size7 & mix$ ) "o-?ird rott$ manure4 ,or place an in* ( manure1 :i* mu/ be s ?or\ghly rott$ t mo/ ( ! heat has left1 9 ! bottom1 & fill 9 ) soil4 ,f9d or con/ruct a table or b5* ( conv5i5t height1 ^u :i* to "w4 ,) a flat piece ( /ick or "o ( ! types ( transplant+ =ks lift f ! se$l+ box a clump ( se$l+s1 dirt & all1 cle> to ! bottom4 ,hold ?is clump 9 "o h& & ) ! o!r g5tly te> away ! se$l+s1 "o at a "t1 disc>d+ all crook$ or weak ones4 ,nev] attempt to pull ! se$l+s f ! soil 9 ! flats1 z ! little rootlets are v easily brok5 (f4 ,!y %\ld come away almo/ intact4 ,wat] y\r se$-flats ! day previ\s to transplant+1 s t ! soil w be 9 j ! "r condition1 nei!r wet en\gh to make ! roots /icky nor dry en\gh to crumble away4 ,take ! little se$l+ by ! /em betwe5 ?umb & =ef+]1 & ) a small r\nd po9t$ /ick or dibb]1 or ) ! =ef+] ( ! o!r h&1 make a hole to receive ! roots & ab\t half ! l5g?--m if ! se$l+s are lanky--( ! /em4 ,z ! se$l+ drops into place1 ! tips ( bo? ?umbs & =ef+]s1 by "o quick1 firm movem5t1 compress ! e>? firmly bo? d[n on ! roots & aga9/ ! /em1 s t ! plant /icks up firmly & may n be readily pull$ out4 ,( c\rse !re is a knack ab\t x :i* _c be put into words--,i c\ld h prick$ (f a hundr$ se$l+s 9 ! "t ,i am sp5d+ 9 try+ to describe ! op]ation1 b a little practice w make "o reasonably effici5t at x4 ,9 my own "w ?is spr+1 ,i h appli$ ! sub-irrigation idea to ?is op]ation also4 ,! manure plac$ 9 ! bottom ( ! boxes is ?or\ghly wat]$ & an in* ( soil put 9 & wat]$ also1 & ! box !n fill$ & ! plants prick$ 94 ,by prep>+ a numb] ( flats at "o "t1 b little additional "w is requir$1 & ! results h conv9c$ me t ! extra tr\ble is well wor? :ile4 ,( ! e>ly cabbage & caulifl[]1 n two plants 9 a ?\s& h dropp$ out4 ,ord9>ily ab\t "o hundr$ plants are put 9 a #ac x #ai in* flat1 b if "o has room & is gr[+ only a few plants = home use1 some:at bett] plants may be _h if fifty or sev5ty-five are put 94 ,9 ei!r case keep ! outside r[s close to ! edges ( ! flats1 z !y w h pl5ty ( room anyway4 ,:5 ! flat is complet$1 j> ! box slightly to level ! surface1 & give a ?or\gh wat]+ at once1 be+ c>eful1 h[ev]1 to b5d d[n ! plants z little z possible4 ,set ! flats close toge!r on a level surface1 &1 if ! wea!r is bright1 %ade f ! sun dur+ ! middle ( ! day = two or ?ree days4 ,f n[ on keep at ! requir$ temp]ature & wat] ?or\ghly on bright morn+s z (t5 z ! soil 9 ! flats gets on ! dry side1 z g>d5]s say--indicat$ by ! :it5+ & cru/+ ( ! surface4 ,above all1 give all ! air possible :ile ma9ta9+ ! necess>y temp]ature4 ,! quality ( ! plants w dep5d m ^u ?is ?an any?+ else 9 ! way ( c>e4 ,:5ev] ! temp]ature all[s1 /rip (f ! sa% & let ! plants h ! b5efit ( ! ra9s4 ,a good ra9 seems to d !m m good ?an any wat]+4 ,%\ld y\r plants ( cabbage1 lettuce1 beets or caulifl[] by any *ance get froz51 d n give !m up = lo/1 = ! *ances are t ! foll[+ simple treatm5t w pull !m ?r\gh3 ,9 ! fir/ place1 %ade !m ?or\ghly f ! sun2 9 ! second1 dr5* !m ) cold wat]1 ! colde/ y c get--if y h to break ! ice = x1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,try1 h[ev]1 to prev5t its happ5+ aga91 z !y w be less able to resi/ subsequ5t injury4 ,9 hot wea!r1 :]e wat]+ & v5tilation are neglect$1 ! plants w sometimes become infe/$ ) ! gre5 aphis1 :i* "u su* conditions multiplies ) almo/ incr$ible rapidity4 ,,h>d5+ ,,(f3 ,= five days or a week be=e sett+ plants 9 ! field !y %\ld be ?or\ghly h>d5$ (f4 ,if !y h be5 giv5 pl5ty ( air ?is treatm5t w mean little *ange = !m--simply expos+ !m m ea* day1 until = a few nights !y are left entirely )\t protection4 ,!y w !n be ready = sett+ out 9 ! op51 an op]ation :i* is describ$ 9 ! next *apt]4 ,,/>t+ ,,plants ,,outside ,mu* ( ! above is applicable also to ! />t+ ( plants out-(- doors1 = second & = succession crops1 su* z cel]y & late cabbage4 ,select = ! outside se$-b$ ! mo/ ?or\ghly pulv]iz$ spot to be f\nd1 enri*$ & light5$ ) f9e manure4 ,m>k (f r[s a foot ap>t1 & to ! necess>y dep?2 s[ ! se$ ev5ly2 firm 9 if ! soil is dry1 cov] lightly ) ! back ( ! rake & roll or smoo? ) ! back ( ! spade1 or ( a hoe1 along ! drills4 ,! se$1 accord+ to v>iety1 w beg9 to pu% ?r\gh 9 f f\r to tw5ty days4 ,at all times keep ! se$-b$ cle> ( we$s2 & keep ! soil betwe5 ! r[s con/antly cultivat$4 ,n unless x is v dry w wat]+ be necess>y1 b if x is requir$1 give a ?or\gh soak+ t[>d ev5+4 ,z ! cabbage1 cel]y & simil> plants come along x w add to _! /urd9ess & /ock9ess to %e> (f ! tops--ab\t half ( ! l>ge leaves--once or twice aft] ! plants h atta9$ a height ( ab\t six in*es4 ,if ! precautions conc]n+ se$ & soil :i* ,i h giv5 are he$$ & ! details ( ! "w ( plant+1 transplant+ & c>e are c>ri$ out1 plant+ "t 7,april7 w f9d ! prospective g>d5] ) a supply ( good1 /ocky1 heal?y plants on h&1 & impati5t to get !m into t c>efully prep>$ g>d5 spot4 ,all ( ?is "w has be5--or %\ld h be5--int]e/+1 b t :i* foll[s 9 ! next *apt] is m s4 ,,*apt] ,,ix ,,s[+ ,,& ,,plant+ ,! importance ( hav+ good se$s has already be5 decl>$4 ,!y mu/ n only gr[1 b gr[ into :at we h b\ght !m =--be true to "n4 ,)\t ! latt] quality we _c be sure ( good g>d5s1 & )\t ! =m] !y w n be full ones4 ,a meagre /& f se$s prop]ly s[n is a r exasp]at+ & disc\rag+ exp]i5ce to enc\nt]4 ,! co/ = f]tiliz+ & prep>+ ! l& is j z mu*1 & ! co/ ( cultivat+ v ne>ly z mu*1 :5 ! r[s are full ( ?rifty plants or /rung out ) poor ones4 ,:e!r y use t5 c5ts' wor? or t5 doll>s' wor?1 ! be/ se$ to be _h w be ! mo/ economical to buy--to say no?+ ( ! satisfaction t full r[s give4 ,& yet good se$sm5 are m ?\ghtlessly & unju/ly abus$ 9 ! matt] ( se$ vitality ?an 9 any o!r4 ,inexp]i5c$ g>d5]s seem univ]sally to h ! conviction t ! only ?+ requir$ 9 se$ s[+ is to cov] ! se$ ) soil4 ,:at sort ( soil x is1 or 9 :at condition1 or at :at dep? or temp]ature ! se$ is plant$1 are que/ions ab\t :i* !y d n tr\ble !mselves to ?9k4 ,two conditions--moi/ure & w>m?--are necess>y to induce g]m9ation ( se$s1 no matt] h[ full ( life !y may be2 & z 0 %[n 9 ! prec$+ *apt] ! diff]5t v>ieties h "s *oice z to ! degree ( ea*1 especially ( temp]ature4 ,?is means ( c\rse t "s commons5se mu/ be us$ 9 plant+1 & :5 plant+ outdoors1 :]e we _c regulate ! temp]ature to our ne$1 we simply mu/ regulate our se$ s[+ to its dictates1 no matt] h[ impati5t we may be4 ,to insure ! be/ possible g]m9ation1 & ?us ! be/ g>d5+1 we mu/1 fir/ ( all !n1 settle ! "q ( temp]ature :5 s[+ out-(-doors4 ,= practical "w x s]ves to divide ! g>d5 vegetables into two gr\ps1 ?\gh 9 plant+1 ! special sugge/ions 9 ! foll[+ *apt] %\ld be consult$4 ,,:5 ,,to ,,s[ ,,outdoors ,s[ f ! end ( ,m>* to ! beg9n+ ( ,may1 or :5 plum & pea* trees bloom1 ! foll[+3 ,beet ,cabbage ,c>rot ,caulifl[] ,cel]y ,endive ,kale ,kohlrabi ,lettuce ,onions ,p>sley ,p>snip ,peas ,radi% ,sp9a* ,turnip ,wat]-cress ,s[ f ! beg9n+ ( ,may to ! middle ( ,june1 or :5 apple trees bloom1 ! foll[+3 ,beans ,corn ,cucumb] ,melon1 musk ,melon1 wat] ,okra ,pumpk9 ,squa% ,tomato ,gett+ ! se$ to spr\t1 h[ev]1 is only ! fir/ /ep 9 ! game2 !y mu/ be provid$ ) ! means ( imm$iately beg9n+ to gr[4 ,?is means t !y %\ld n be left to g]m9ate 9 loosely pack$ soil1 full ( air spaces1 ready to dry out at ! fir/ opportunity1 & to let ! t9y se$ roots be %rivel$ up & die4 ,! soil %\ld t\* ! se$--be press$ close ab\t x on all sides1 s t ! fir/ t9y tap root w issue imm$iately into cong5ial surr\nd+s :]e x c in/antly take hold4 ,su* conditions c be f\nd only 9 a se$-b$ f9e b light en\gh to pack1 reasonably ri* & suffici5tly moi/1 & :]e1 9 addition to ?is1 ! se$ has be5 prop]ly plant$4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,plant+ ,! se$-b$1 z x is call$1 is ! surface prep>$ to receive ! se$1 :e!r = a pat* ( radi%es or an acre ( onions4 ,= crops to be s[n directly :]e !y are to g1 ! *apt] on ,prep>ation ( ! ,soil takes u to ?is po9t1 & z /at$ at ! conclusion ( t *apt]1 ! f9al prep>ation ( ! b$ %\ld be made only imm$iately prior to its use4 ,hav+1 !n1 good se$s on h& & ! soil prop]ly prep>$ to receive !m1 ! only problem rema9+ is :at way !y %all be put 94 ,! diff]5t habits ( gr[? *>act]i/ic ( diff]5t plants make x pat5t at ! outset t !re mu/ be diff]5t me?ods ( plant+1 = v evid5tly a cabbage1 :i* occupies b ?ree or f\r squ>e feet ( space & /ays 9 "o place to make a head1 w n require ! same treatm5t z a w9t] squa%1 roam+ all ov] ! g>d5 & !n escap+ "u ! f5ce to hide "s ( its be/ fruit 9 ! tall grass outside4 ,! ?ree sy/ems ( plant+ usually employ$ are kn[n z drills1 r[s & hills4 ,i d n rememb] ev] see+ a def9ition giv+ ! exact di/9ctions betwe5 !m2 & 9 horticultural writ+ !y seem to be us$1 to "s ext5t at lea/1 int]*angeably4 ,z a rule drills ref] to ! gr[+ ( plants cont9u\sly 9 r[s1 su* z onions1 c>rots or sp9a*4 ,r[s ref] to ! gr[+ ( plants at fix$ di/ances ap>t 9 ! r[s su* z cabbage1 or potatoes--! cultivation1 except h& we$+ & hoe+1 be+ all done 9 "o direction1 z ) drills4 ,hills ref] to ! gr[+ ( plants usually at equal di/ances1 f\r feet or m ap>t ea* way1 ) cultivat+ done 9 bo? directions1 z ) melons & squa%es4 ,i describe ! diff]5t me?ods at l5g? s t ! read] may "k m def9itely j :at is meant by ! special in/ructions giv5 9 ! foll[+ text4 ,,s[+ ,,! ,,se$ ,if "o obs]ves ! sugge/ions z to temp]ature j giv51 & ! foll[+ precautions 9 plac+ ! se$ )9 ! soil1 failure ( good se$ to g]m9ate is practically impossible4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 plant on a fre%ly prep>$ surface1 always j be=e a ra9 if possible1 except 9 ! case ( v small se$s1 :5 j aft] a ra9 w be bett]4 ,if ! soil is at all dry1 or likely to be foll[$ by a spell ( hot1 dry wea!r1 always firm by us+ ! back ( ! hoe = small se$1 or ! ball ( ! foot = l>g] ones1 su* z peas1 beans or corn1 to press ! se$ firmly & ev5ly into ! soil be=e cov]+4 ,!n :5 ! soil is cov]$ 9 ov] ! se$1 firm along ! top ( ! r[ v lightly1 j en\gh to m>k x & hold ! soil 9 place4 ,! dep? ( ! drill furr[ 9 :i* ! se$ is to be s[n w dep5d 7#a7 on ! v>iety ( vegetable1 7#b7 on ! season ( plant+1 & 7#c7 on wea!r conditions4 ,rememb] t ! se$ mu/ be suppli$ ) moi/ure bo? to g]m9ate & to cont9ue to exi/ aft] g]m9ation2 & also t x mu/ h soil ?r\gh :i* ! air c to "s ext5t p5etrate4 ,keep+ ^! ?+s 9 m9d1 common s5se dictates t se$ plant$ 9 ! spr+1 or dur+ a wet spell ( wea!r1 w n ne$ to be put 9 z deeply z %\ld ! same se$ 9 summ] or e>ly autumn1 or dur+ a hot1 dry spell4 ,! old g5]al rule is1 to cov] se$ plant$ "u glass1 :]e ! moi/ure c be controll$1 to a dep? ( two or ?ree times its diamet]2 & out-(-doors1 to f\r or five times4 ,i %\ld say ^! dep?s 7 ! m9imums desirable4 ,9 o!r words1 ! smalle/ se$1 su* z onion1 c>rot1 lettuce1 w g 9 "o-qu>t] to "o-half in* deep4 ,beets1 sp9a*1 p>snips & o!r m$ium-siz$ se$ "o-half to "o in* deep1 & peas1 beans1 corn1 etc41 two to f\r in*es deep-- usually ne> ! fir/ figure4 ,aft] ! se$ is s[n x is ( c\rse desirable to keep ! gr\nd f bak+ or cru/+ on top1 z x is likely to d aft] a morn+ ra9 foll[$ directly by hot sun4 ,if ! se$ spr\ts h n yet rea*$ ! surface ( ! soil1 rake v lightly across ! r[s ) an iron rake2 if !y h brok5 ?r\gh1 "w z close z possible to ! r[4 ,! be/ implem5t ,i h ev] se5 = ?is purpose is ! disc atta*m5t ( ! d\ble :eel hoe--see ,implem5ts4 ,an ord9>ily good g>d5 loam1 into :i* ! desirable quantity ( %ort manure has be5 work$1 w give little tr\ble by rak+4 ,9 a clay soil1 x (t5 w pay1 on a small scale1 to sift leaf m\ld1 sphagnum moss1 or "s o!r light por\s cov]+1 ov] ! r[s1 especially = small se$4 ,! special se$-b$1 = />t+ late cabbage or cel]y1 may easily be %elt]$4 ,9 v hot1 dry wea!r ?is me?od w be a great help4 ,,sett+ ,,out ,,plants ,! read] has n =gott51 ( c\rse1 t plants z well z se$s mu/ g into ! well manag$ g>d54 ,we h already m5tion$ ! h>d5+-(f process to :i* !y mu/ be subject$ be=e go+ into ! op5 gr\nd4 ,! flats %\ld also be giv5 a copi\s wat]+ sev]al h\rs1 or ! day be=e1 sett+ out4 ,all be+ ready1 ) y\r r[s made /raight & m>k$ (f at ! correct di/ances1 lift out ! plants ) a tr[el or transplant+ =k1 & te> or cut !m ap>t ) a knife1 keep+ z mu* soil z possible ) ea* ball ( roots4 ,di/ribute !m at _! positions1 b n s _m at a "t t any w dry out be=e y get !m 9 place4 ,get d[n on y\r h&s & knees1 &1 /raddl+ ! r[1 proce$ to set4 ,) ! left h&1 or a tr[el or dibb] if ! gr\nd is n s(t1 make a hole l>ge en\gh to take ! roots & ! bett] "p ( ! /em1 place ! plant 9 position & firm into place by be>+ d[n ) ! backs ( ! knuckles1 on ei!r side4 ,proce$ s to ! end ( ! r[1 be+ c>eful to keep y\r toes f undo+ y\r good "w beh9d y1 & !n f9i% ! job by walk+ back ov] ! r[1 /ill fur!r firm+ 9 ea* plant by press+ d[n ! soil at ei!r side ( ! /em simultane\sly ) ! balls ( ! feet4 ,:5 all ! r[s are complet$1 g ov] ! surface ) ! iron rake1 & y w h a job ?or\ghly done & neatly f9i%$4 ,if ! wea!r & soil are exceptionally dry x may be necess>y to take ! additional precautions1 :5 plant+1 ( putt+ a p9t or s ( wat] 9 ea* hole 7nev] on ! surface7 previ\s to plant+2 or ( puddl+ ! roots 9 a ?ick mixture ( ri* soil & wat]4 ,! l>ge leaves also %\ld be trimm$ back "o-half4 ,9 ! case ( plants t are too tall or succul5t1 ?is %\ld be done 9 any case --bett] a day or two previ\s to sett+ out4 ,,aft]-,,c>e ,transplant+ %\ld be done :5ev] possible 9 dull wea!r or be=e ra9--or ev5 dur+ x if y really w\ld des]ve ! "n ( g>d5]6 ,if x mu/ be done :5 ! sun cont9ues /rong1 %ade ! plants f1 say1 t5 to ?ree o'clock1 = a day or two1 ) half %eets ( old newspap]s held 9 t5t-%ap$ position ov] ! plants by /ones or e>?4 ,if x is necess>y to give wat]1 d x t[>d ev5+4 ,if ! plants h be5 prop]ly set1 h[ev]1 only extreme circum/ances w r5d] ?is necess>y4 ,keep a %>p look\t = cut-worms1 maggots or o!r enemies describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,& above all1 ,,cultivate4 ,nev] let ! soil become cru/$1 ev5 if !re is n a we$ 9 sight4 ,keep ! soil loos5$ up1 = t w keep ?+s gr[+4 ,,*apt] ,x ,,! ,,cultivation ,,( ,,vegetables ,be=e tak+ up ! g>d5 vegetables individually1 ,i %all outl9e ! g5]al practice ( cultivation1 :i* applies to all4 ,! purposes ( cultivation are ?ree--to get rid ( we$s1 & to /imulate gr[? by 7#a7 lett+ air into ! soil & free+ unavailable plant food1 & 7#b7 by cons]v+ moi/ure4 ,z to we$s1 ! g>d5] ( any exp]i5ce ne$ n be told ! importance ( keep+ 8 crops clean4 ,he has le>n$ f bitt] & co/ly exp]i5ce ! price ( lett+ !m get any?+ resembl+ a />t4 ,he kn[s t "o or two days' gr[?1 aft] !y are well up1 foll[$ p]haps by a day or s ( ra91 may easily d\ble or treble ! "w ( clean+ a pat* ( onions or c>rots1 & t :]e we$s h atta9$ any size !y _c be tak5 out ( s[$ crops )\t do+ a great deal ( injury4 ,he also realizes1 or %\ld1 t e day's gr[? means j s mu* available plant food /ol5 f "u ! v roots ( 8 legitimate crops4 ,in/ead ( lett+ ! we$s get away ) any plant food1 he %\ld be furni%+ m1 = clean & frequ5t cultivation w n only break ! soil up me*anically1 b let 9 air1 moi/ure & heat--all ess5tial 9 effect+ ^? *emical *anges necess>y to conv]t non- available into available plant food4 ,long be=e ! sci5ce 9 ! case 0 discov]$1 ! soil cultivators _h le>n$ by obs]vation ! necessity ( keep+ ! soil nicely loos5$ ab\t _! gr[+ crops4 ,ev5 ! lanky & untutor$ aborig9e saw to x t 8 squaw n only put a bad fi% "u ! hill ( maize b pli$ h] %ell hoe ov] x4 ,plants ne$ to brea!4 ,_! roots ne$ air4 ,y might z well expect to f9d ! rosy gl[ ( happ9ess on ! wan *eeks ( a cotton-mill *ild slave z to expect to see ! luxuriant d>k gre5 ( heal?y plant life 9 a suffocat$ g>d54 ,important z ! "q ( air is1 t ( wat] ranks beside x4 ,y may n see at fir/ :at ! matt] ( frequ5t cultivation has to d ) wat]4 ,b let u /op a mom5t & look into x4 ,take a /rip ( blott+ pap]1 dip "o end 9 wat]1 & wat* ! moi/ure run up hill1 soak up ?r\gh ! blott]4 ,! sci5ti/s h label$ t capill>y attraction--! wat] crawls up little invisible tubes =m$ by ! texture ( ! blott]4 ,n[ take a simil> piece1 cut x across1 hold ! two cut edges firmly toge!r1 & try x aga94 ,! moi/ure refuses to cross ! l9e3 ! connection has be5 sev]$4 ,9 ! same way ! wat] /or$ 9 ! soil aft] a ra9 beg9s at once to escape aga9 into ! atmosph]e4 ,t on ! surface evaporates fir/1 & t :i* has soak$ 9 beg9s to soak 9 ?r\gh ! soil to ! surface4 ,x is leav+ y\r g>d51 ?r\gh ! millions ( soil tubes1 j z surely z if y _h a two-in* pipe & a gasol9e eng9e1 pump+ x into ! gutt] night & day6 ,save y\r g>d5 by /opp+ ! wa/e4 ,x is ! easie/ ?+ 9 ! _w to d--cut ! pipe 9 two4 ,& ! knife to d x ) is-- du/4 ,by frequ5t cultivation ( ! surface soil--n m ?an "o or two in*es deep = mo/ small vegetables--! soil tubes are kept brok51 & a mul* ( du/ is ma9ta9$4 ,try to get ov] e "p ( y\r g>d51 especially :]e x is n %ad$1 once 9 e t5 days or two weeks4 ,does t seem l too mu* "w8 ,y c pu% y\r :eel hoe ?r\gh1 & ?us keep ! du/ mul* z a con/ant protection1 z fa/ z y c walk4 ,if y wait = ! we$s1 y w ne>ly h to crawl ?r\gh1 do+ m or less h>m by di/urb+ y\r gr[+ plants1 los+ all ! plant food 7& !y w take ! cream7 :i* !y h consum$1 & actually putt+ 9 m h\rs ( inf9itely m disagreeable "w4 ,a /it* 9 "t saves n9e6 ,h y\r ?read & ne$le ready be=eh&6 ,if ,i knew h[ to give great] emphasis to ?is subject ( ?or\gh cultivation1 ,i %\ld be tempt$ to devote ! re/ ( ?is *apt] to x4 ,if ! beg9n] at g>d5+ has n be5 conv9c$ by ! facts giv51 !re is only "o ?+ left to conv9ce him--exp]i5ce4 ,hav+ giv5 s mu* space to ! reason = con/ant c>e 9 ?is matt]1 ! "q ( me?ods naturally foll[s4 ,i want to repeat "h1 my previ\s advice--by all means get a :eel hoe4 ,! simple/ sorts co/ only a few doll>s1 & w n only save y an inf9ite am\nt ( "t & "w1 b d ! "w bett]1 v mu* bett] ?an x c be done by h&4 ,y c gr[ good vegetables1 especially if y\r g>d5 is a v small "o1 )\t "o ( ^! labor-sav]s1 b ,i c assure y t y w nev] regret ! small inve/m5t necess>y to procure x4 ,) a :eel hoe1 ! "w ( pres]v+ ! soil mul* becomes v simple4 ,if "o has n a :eel hoe1 = small areas v rapid "w c be done ) ! scuffle hoe4 ,! matt] ( keep+ we$s clean$ out ( ! r[s & betwe5 ! plants 9 ! r[s is n s quickly accompli%$4 ,:]e h&-"w is necess>y1 let x be done at once4 ,"h are a few practical sugge/ions t w r$uce ?is "w to a m9imum1 7#a7 ,get at ?is "w :ile ! gr\nd is s(t2 z soon z ! soil beg9s to dry out aft] a ra9 is ! be/ "t4 ,"u su* conditions ! we$s w pull out by ! roots1 )\t break+ (f4 7#b7 ,imm$iately be=e we$+1 g ov] ! r[s ) a :eel hoe1 cutt+ %all[1 b j z close z possible1 leav+ a n>r[1 pla9ly visible /rip :i* mu/ be h&- we$$4 ,! be/ tool = ?is purpose is ! d\ble :eel hoe ) disc atta*m5t1 or hoes = l>ge plants4 7#c7 ,see to x t n only ! we$s are pull$ b t e in* ( soil surface is brok5 up4 ,x is fully z important t ! we$s j spr\t+ be de/roy$1 z t ! l>g] ones be pull$ up4 ,"o /roke ( ! we$] or ! f+]s w de/roy a hundr$ we$ se$l+s 9 less "t ?an "o we$ c be pull$ out aft] x gets a good />t4 7#d7 ,use "o ( ! small h&-we$]s until y become skill$ ) x4 ,n only may m "w be done b ! f+]s w be sav$ unnecess>y we>4 ,! skilful use ( ! :eel hoe c be acquir$ ?r\gh practice only4 ,! fir/ ?+ to le>n is t x is necess>y to wat* ! :eels only3 ! blades1 disc or rakes w take c>e ( !mselves4 ,o!r sugge/ions w be f\nd 9 ! *apt] on ,implem5ts4 ,! op]ation ( hill+ consi/s 9 draw+ up ! soil ab\t ! /ems ( gr[+ plants1 usually at ! "t ( second or ?ird hoe+4 ,x us$ to be ! practice to hill ev]y?+ t c\ld be hill$ up to ! eyebr[s1 b x has gradually be5 disc>d$ = :at is t]m$ level culture2 & ! read] w readily see ! reason1 f :at has be5 said ab\t ! escape ( moi/ure f ! surface ( ! soil2 = ( c\rse ! two upp] sides ( ! hill1 :i* may be repres5t$ by an equilat]al triangle ) "o side horizontal1 give m expos$ surface ?an ! level surface repres5t$ by ! base4 ,9 wet soils or seasons hill+ may be advisable1 b v seldom o!rwise4 ,x has ! additional disadvantage ( mak+ x difficult to ma9ta9 ! soil mul* :i* is s desirable4 ,,rotation ,,( ,,crops ,!re is ano!r ?+ to be consid]$ 9 mak+ ea* vegetable d its be/1 & t is crop rotation1 or ! foll[+ ( any vegetable ) a diff]5t sort at ! next plant+4 ,) "s vegetables1 su* z cabbage1 ?is is almo/ imp]ative1 & practically all are help$ by x4 ,ev5 onions1 :i* are popul>ly suppos$ to be ! prov+ exception to ! rule1 are heal?i]1 & d z well aft] "s o!r crop1 provid$ ! soil is z f9ely pulv]iz$ & ri* z a previ\s crop ( onions w\ld leave x4 ,"h are ! fundam5tal rules ( crop rotation3 7#a7 ,crops ( ! same vegetable1 or vegetables ( ! same family 7su* z turnips & cabbage7 %\ld n foll[ ea* o!r4 7#b7 ,vegetables t fe$ ne> ! surface1 l corn1 %\ld foll[ deep-root+ crops4 7#c7 ,v9es or leaf crops %\ld foll[ root crops4 7#d7 ,quick-gr[+ crops %\ld foll[ ^? occupy+ ! l& all season4 ,^! are ! pr9ciples :i* %\ld det]m9e ! rotations to be foll[$ 9 individual cases4 ,! prop] way to att5d to ?is matt] is :5 mak+ ! plant+ plan4 ,y w !n h "t to d x prop]ly1 & w ne$ to give x no fur!r ?\ght = a ye>4 ,) ! above sugge/ions 9 m9d1 & put to use1 x w n be difficult to give ! crops m5tion$ 9 ! foll[+ *apt] ^? special att5tions :i* are ne$$ to make !m d _! v be/4 ,,*apt] ,,xi ,,! ,,vegetables ,,& ,,_! ,,special ,,ne$s ,! g>d5 vegetables may be consid]$ 9 ?ree gr\ps1 9 ea* ( :i* ! v>i\s v>ieties are giv5 some:at simil> treatm5t3 ! root crops1 su* z beets & c>rots2 ! leaf crops1 su* z cabbage & lettuce2 ! fruit crops1 su* z melons & tomatoes4 ,,root ,,crops ,"u ! fir/ section we w consid]3 ,beet ,c>rot ,kohlrabi ,leek ,onion ,p>snip ,potato ,salsify ,turnip ,any ( ^! may be s[n 9 ,april1 9 drills 7) ! exception ( potatoes7 twelve to eighte5 in*es ap>t4 ,! soil mu/ be ri* & f9ely work$1 9 ord] t ! roots w be ev5 & smoo?--9 poor or ill-prep>$ soil !y are likely to be mis%ap51 or sprangl+4 ,!y mu/ be ?9n$ out to ! prop] di/ances1 :i* %\ld be done if possible on a cl\dy day1 h&-we$$ z (t5 z may be requir$1 & giv5 clean & frequ5t cultivation4 ,all1 ) ! exception ( leeks & potatoes1 are giv5 level culture4 ,all w be greatly b5efit$1 :5 ab\t "o-?ird gr[n1 by a top dress+ ( nitrate ( soda4 ,beet3--,beets d be/ 9 a r light soil4 ,^? = e>lie/ use are />t$ "u glass 7z describ$ previ\sly7 & set out six to sev5 in*es ap>t 9 r[s a foot ap>t4 ,! fir/ outdoor s[+ is made z soon z ! soil is ready 9 spr+1 & ! se$ %\ld be put 9 ?ick1 z n all w come ?r\gh if bad wea!r is enc\nt]$4 ,:5 ?9n+ out1 ! small plants t are remov$1 tops & roots cook$ toge!r1 make delici\s gre5s4 ,! late crop1 = fall & w9t] use1 s[ ! la/ "p ( ,june4 ,= ?is crop ! l>g] v>ieties are us$1 & on ri* soil w ne$ six to eight in*es 9 ! r[ & fifte5 in*es betwe5 r[s4 ,c>rot3--,c>rots also l a soil t is r on ! s&y side1 & on acc\nt ( ! dep? to :i* ! roots g1 x %\ld be deep & f9e4 ,! quality w be bett] if ! soil is n too ri*4 ,a few = extra e>ly use may be gr[n 9 ! hotb$s or frame4 ,if radi%es & c>rots are s[n toge!r1 9 alt]nat+ r[s six in*es ap>t1 ! =m] w be us$ by ! "t ! c>rots ne$ ! room1 & 9 ?is way a s+le #c x #f ft4 sa% w yield a good supply = ! home g>d54 ,use ,*ant5ay or ,ox-,he>t 7see ,*apt] ,,xii7 = ?is purpose4 ,! late crop is sometimes s[n betwe5 r[s ( onions1 skipp+ e ?ird r[1 dur+ ,june1 & left to mature :5 ! onions are h>ve/$2 b unless ! gr\nd is exceptionally free f we$s1 ! plan is n likely to prove successful4 ,kohlrabi3--,:ile n truly a root crop--! edible portion be+ a peculi> globul> enl>gem5t ( ! /em--its culture is simil>1 z x may be s[n 9 drills & ?9n$ out4 ,frequ5tly1 h[ev]1 x is />t$ 9 ! se$-b$ & transplant$1 ! ma9 crop 7= m>ket7 be+ s[n 9 ,may or ,june4 ,a few ( ^! f "t to "t w prove v acceptable = ! home table4 ,!y %\ld be us$ :5 q "y2 z small z two in*es be+ ! t5d]e/4 ,leek3--,to atta9 its be/ ! leek %\ld be />t$ 9 ! se$-b$1 late 9 ,april1 & transplant$ 9 late ,june1 to ! ri*e/1 heavie/ soil available4 ,hill up f "t to "t to blan* l[] "p ( /alk2 or a few *oice specim5s may be _h by fitt+ c>dbo>d coll>s ar\nd ! /em & draw+ ! e>? up to ^!1 n t\*+ ! /alk ) e>?4 ,onions3--,onions = use 9 ! gre5 /ate are gr[n f :ite sets1 put out e>ly 9 ,april1 ?ree to f\r in*es ap>t 9 r[s twelve in*es ap>t2 or f se$ s[n ! previ\s fall & protect$ ) r\gh manure dur+ ! w9t]4 ,^! w be succe$$ by ! crop f prick]s or se$l+s />t$ "u glass 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y4 ,z onions are n transplant$ be=e go+ to ! g>d51 s[ directly 9 ! soil r ?an 9 flats4 ,x is safe/ to cov] ! b$ ) "o-half in* to "o in* ( co>se s&1 & s[ ! se$ 9 ?is4 ,to get /ocky plants trim back twice1 tak+ (f ! upp] half ( leaves ea* "t1 & trim back ! roots "o-half to two- ?irds at ! "t ( sett+ out1 :i* may be any "t aft] ! middle ( ,april4 ,^! 9 turn w be succe$$ by onions com+ f ! crop s[n f se$ 9 ! op54 ,! above is = onions eat5 raw 9 ! gre5 /ate :5 less ?an half gr[n4 ,= ! ma9 crop = bulbs1 ! home supply is be/ gr[n f prick]s z describ$ above4 ,prize-tak] & ,gibralt> are mo/ly us$ = ?is purpose1 gr[+ to ! size ( ! l>ge ,spani% onions sold at groc]y /ores4 ,= onions to be kept = late w9t] & spr+ use1 gr[ f se$1 s[+ outdoors z e>ly z possible4 ,no vegetable ne$s a ri*] or m p]fectly prep>$ soil ?an ! onion2 & especial c>e mu/ be tak5 nev] to let ! we$s get a />t4 ,!y are ga!r$ aft] ! tops dry d[n & )]1 :5 !y %\ld be pull$1 put 9 broad r[s = sev]al days 9 ! sun1 & !n spread out flat1 n m ?an f\r in*es deep1 "u cov] ) pl5ty ( light & air4 ,be=e sev]e freez+ /ore 9 slatt$ b>rels1 z describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,p>snip3--,s[ z e>ly z possible1 9 deep ri* soil1 b :]e no wat] w /& dur+ fall & w9t]4 ,! se$ g]m9ates v sl[ly1 s ! se$-b$ %\ld be v f9ely prep>$4 ,!y w be ready = use 9 ! fall1 b are mu* bett] aft] ! fir/ fro/s4 ,= me?od ( keep+ see ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,potato3--,if y\r g>d5 is a small "o1 buy y\r ma9 supply ( potatoes f "s ne>by f>m]1 fir/ try+ half a bu%el or s to be sure ( ! quality4 ,pur*ase 9 late ,septemb] or ,octob] :5 ! crop is be+ dug & ! price is l[4 ,= an extra e>ly & *oice supply = ! home g>d51 />t a peck or s 9 e>ly ,m>*1 z foll[s3 ,select an e>ly v>iety1 se$ ( good size & clean2 cut to pieces conta9+ "o or two eyes1 & pack closely toge!r on end 9 flats ( co>se s&4 ,give ^! full light & heat1 & by ! middle to end ( ,april !y w h =m$ d5se masses ( roots1 & nice1 /rong1 /ocky spr\ts1 well leav$ out4 ,dig out furr[s two & a half feet ap>t1 & incorporate well rott$ manure 9 ! bottom1 ) ! soil cov]+ ?is until ! furr[ is left two to ?ree in*es deep4 ,set ! spr\t$ tub]s1 press+ firmly into ! soil1 ab\t twelve in*es ap>t1 & cov] 91 leav+ !m ?us ?ree to f\r in*es bel[ ! surface4 ,keep well cultivat$1 give a light top dress+ ( nitrate ( soda--& surprise all y\r neighbors6 ,?is sy/em has n yet come ext5sively into use1 b is practically c]ta9 ( produc+ excell5t results4 ,= ! ma9 crop1 if y h room1 cut good se$ to "o or two eyes1 leav+ z mu* ( ! tub] z possible to ea* piece1 & plant ?irte5 in*es ap>t 9 r[s ?ree feet ap>t4 ,cultivate deeply until ! plants are eight to t5 in*es high & !n %all[ b frequ5tly4 ,z ! v9es beg9 to spread1 hill up mod]ately1 mak+ a broad1 l[ ridge4 ,h&le potato-bugs & blight z direct$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,= h>ve/+ see ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,:ile big crops may be gr[n on heavy soils1 ! quality w be v mu* bett] on s&y1 well dra9$ soils4 ,plant+ on well rott$ sod1 or aft] gre5 manur+1 su* z clov] or rye1 w also improve ! looks & quality ( ! crop4 ,l onions1 !y ne$ a high p]c5tage ( pota% 9 manures or f]tiliz]s us$2 ?is may be giv5 9 sulphate ( pota%4 ,avoid plant+ on gr\nd enri*$ ) fre% b>ny>d manure or imm$iately aft] a dress+ ( lime4 ,salsify3--,! vegetable oy/]1 or salsify1 is to my ta/e ! mo/ delici\s root vegetable gr[n4 ,x is h&l$ practically 9 ! same way z ! p>snip1 b ne$s1 if possible1 gr\nd ev5 m c>efully prep>$1 9 ord] to keep ! ma9 root f sprangl+4 ,if a f9e light soil _c be _h = plant+1 x w pay to hoe or h&-pl[ furr[s :]e ! drills are to be--n _m w be ne$$1 & put 9 specially prep>$ soil1 9 :i* ! se$ may get a good />t4 ,radi%3--,to be ( good crisp quality1 x is ess5tial ) radi%es to gr[ !m j z quickly z possible4 ,! soil %\ld be r s&y & n ri* 9 fre% manure or o!r nitrog5\s f]tiliz]s1 z ?is t5ds to produce an undesirable am\nt ( leaves at ! exp5se ( ! root4 ,if ! gr\nd is at all dry give a ?or\gh wett+ aft] plant+1 :i* may be on ! surface1 z ! se$s g]m9ate s quickly t !y w be up be=e ! soil has "t to cru/ ov]4 ,gypsum or l&-pla/]1 s[n on :ite & work$ into ! soil1 w improve bo? crop & quality4 ,!y are easily rais$ "u glass1 9 autumn or spr+ 9 frames1 requir+ only =ty to fifty degrees at night4 ,x is well to plant 9 ! hotb$1 aft] a crop ( lettuce4 ,or s[ z a d\ble crop1 z sugge/$ "u ,c>rots4 ,= outside crops1 s[ e t5 days or two weeks4 ,turnip3--,:ile turnips w ?rive well on almo/ any soil1 ! quality--:i* is some:at que/ionable at ! be/--w be mu* bett] on s&y or ev5 gravelly soil4 ,avoid fre% manures z mu* z possible1 z ! turnip is especially susceptible to scab & worms4 ,!y are be/ :5 q small & = ! home table a succession ( s[+1 only a few at a "t1 w give ! be/ results4 ,,leaf ,,crops ,"u leaf crops are consid]$ also ^? ( :i* ! /alk or ! fl[] heads =m ! edible portion1 su* z cel]y & caulifl[]4 ,asp>agus ,brussels ,spr\ts ,cabbage ,caulifl[] ,cel]y ,endive ,kale ,lettuce ,p>sley ,rhub>b ,sp9a* ,! quality ( all ^! w dep5d l>gely ^u gr[+ !m rapidly & )\t *eck f ! se$-b$ to ! table4 ,!y are all great nitrog5-consum]s & !re=e take k9dly to lib]al supplies ( y>d manure1 :i* is high 9 nitrog54 ,= cel]y ! manure is be/ appli$ to "s prec$+ crop1 su* z e>ly cabbage4 ,! o!rs w take x /raight4 ,mo/ ( ^! plants are be/ />t$ "u glass or 9 ! se$-b$ & transplant$ lat] to p]man5t positions4 ,!y w all be help$ greatly by a top-dress+ ( nitrate ( soda1 work$ into ! soil z soon z !y h become e/abli%$4 ,?is1 if x fails to produce ! d>k gre5 heal?y gr[? *>act]i/ic ( its pres5ce1 %\ld be foll[$ by a second application aft] two or ?ree weeks--c>e be+ tak51 ( c\rse1 to use x ) reason & re/ra9t1 z direct$ 9 ,*apt] ,,vi4 ,ano!r me?od ( gr[+ good cabbages & simil> plants1 :]e ! gr\nd is n suffici5tly ri* to c>ry ! crop ?r\gh1 is to manure 9 ! hill1 ei!r y>d or "s conc5trat$ manure be+ us$4 ,if y>d manure1 incorporate a good =kful ) ! soil :]e ea* plant is to g4 7,if any consid]able numb] are be+ set1 x w ( c\rse be cov]$ 9 a furr[--fir/ be+ trampl$ d[n1 ) ! pl[74 ,ano!r way1 sure ( produc+ results1 & n inconv5i5t = a few hundr$ plants1 is to m>k out ! piece1 dig out ) a spade or hoe a hole "s five in*es deep at ea* m>k1 dilute p\ltry manure 9 an old pail until ab\t ! consi/5cy ( ?ick mud1 & put a little less ?an half a tr[elful 9 ea* hole4 ,mix ) ! soil & cov]1 m>k+ ! spot ) ! back ( ! hoe1 & !n set ! plants4 ,by ?is me?od1 foll[$ by a top-dress+ ( nitrate ( soda1 ,i h repeat$ly gr[n f9e cabbage1 caulifl[]1 lettuce & spr\ts4 ,cotton-se$ meal is also v valuable = manur+ 9 ! hill--ab\t a h&ful to a plant1 z x is ri* 9 nitrog5 & rapidly decomposes4 ,! cabbage gr\p is sometimes hill$ up1 b if set well d[n & frequ5tly cultivat$1 on mo/ soils ?is w n be necess>y4 ,!y all d be/ 9 v deep1 mod]ately heavy soil1 heavily manur$ & r moi/4 ,an application ( lime "s "t be=e plant+ w be a b5eficial precaution4 ,) ?is gr\p rotation also is almo/ imp]ative4 ,! mo/ tr\blesome enemies attack+ ^! plants are3 ! flea- beetle1 ! cabbage-worm1 ! cabbage-maggot 7root7 & club-root2 directions = fight+ all ( :i* w be f\nd 9 ! foll[+ *apt]4 ,asp>agus3--,asp>agus is rightly e/eem$ "o ( ! v be/ spr+ vegetables4 ,!re is a g5]al misconception1 h[ev]--due to ! old me?ods ( gr[+ x--conc]n+ ! difficulty ( hav+ a home supply4 ,z n[ c>$ =1 x is "o ( ! easie/ ( all vegetables to gr[1 :5 once ! b$s are set & br\ght to be>+ condition4 ,nor is x difficult to make ! b$1 & ! only reason :y asp>agus is n m univ]sally f\nd 9 ! home g>d51 beside t m5tion$ above1 is because "o has to wait a ye> = results4 ,9 select+ a spot = ! asp>agus b$1 pick out ! e>lie/ & be/ dra9$ soil available1 ev5 if q s&y x w d well4 ,pl[ or dig out tr5*es ?ree feet ap>t & sixte5 to tw5ty in*es deep4 ,9 ! bottoms ( ^! tramp d[n firmly six to eight in*es ( old1 ?or\ghly rott$ manure4 ,cov] ) six to eight in*es ( good soil-- n t com+ f ! bottom ( ! tr5*--& on ?is set ! cr[ns or root-clumps--pref]ably "o-ye> ones--be+ c>eful to spread ! roots out ev5ly1 & cov]+ ) en\gh soil to hold 9 position1 mak+ !m firm 9 ! soil4 ,! roots are set "o foot ap>t4 ,!n fill 9 level1 ?us leav+ ! cr[ns f\r to six in*es bel[ ! surface4 ,z ! /alks appe> give a light dress+ ( nitrate ( soda & keep ! crop cleanly cultivat$4 7,lettuce1 beets1 beans or any ( ! small g>d5 vegetables may be gr[n betwe5 ! asp>agus r[s dur+ ! fir/ "p ( ! season1 = ! fir/ two ye>s1 ?us gett+ "s imm$iate return f labor & manure74 ,! /alks %\ld n be cut until ! second spr+ aft] plant+ & !n only v lightly4 ,aft] t full crops may be _h4 ,aft] ! fir/ season1 besides keep+ cleanly cultivat$ at all times1 9 ! fall cle> (f & burn all tops & we$s & apply a good coat+ ( manure4 ,dig or lightly cultivate ?is 9 ! spr+1 apply+ also a dress+ ( nitrate ( soda1 z soon z ! /alks appe>4 ,if ! yield is n heavy1 give a dress+ ( bone or ( ! basic f]tiliz]s m5tion$ e>li]4 ,x is n difficult to gr[ plants f se$1 b is g5]ally m satisfactory to get ! roots f "s reliable se$sman4 ,broccoli3-,! broccoli makes a fl[] head z does ! caulifl[]4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 inf]ior 9 quality & is n gr[n to any ext5t :]e ! latt] w succe$4 ,x has ! "o advantage ( be+ h>di] & ?us c be gr[n :]e ! caulifl[] is too unc]ta9 to make its culture wor? :ile4 ,= culture directions see ,caulifl[]4 ,brussels ,spr\ts3--,9 my op9ion ?is vegetable leaves ! cabbage almo/ z f> beh9d z ! caulifl[] does4 ,x is1 if any?+1 m easily gr[n ?an cabbage1 except t ! "y plants d n seem able to /& q s mu* cold4 ,:5 mature1 h[ev]1 x seems to /& almo/ any am\nt ( freez+1 & x is greatly improv$ by a few sm>t fro/s1 al?\gh x is v good :5 succe$+ ! spr+ crop ( caulifl[]4 ,x takes long] to mature ?an ei!r cabbage or caulifl[]4 ,cabbage3--,cabbage is "o ( ! few vegetables :i* may be _h 9 almo/ z good quality f ! gre5-groc] z x c be gr[n at home1 & z x takes up consid]able space1 x may (t5 be advisable to omit ! late sorts f ! home g>d5 if space is v limit$4 ,! e>ly supply1 h[ev]1 %\ld come f ! g>d5--"s p ?9k x %\ld /ay !re1 b ,i d n agree ) !m4 ,prop]ly cook$ x is a v delici\s vegetable4 ,:at has already be5 said cov]s l>gely ! conditions = successful culture4 ,! soil %\ld be ( ! ri*e/ & deepe/1 & well dress$ ) lime4 ,lettuce is gr[n ) advantage betwe5 ! r[s ( e>ly cabbage1 & aft] bo? are h>ve/$ ! gr\nd is us$ = cel]y4 ,! e>ly v>ieties may be set z closely z eighte5 in*es 9 ! r[1 & tw5ty-f\r betwe5 r[s4 ,! lettuce is tak5 out be=e ! r[ is ne$$4 ,! late crop is />t$ 9 ! outside se$-b$ ab\t ,june #a/ to #ae?4 ,x w help give bett] plants to cut back ! tops once or twice dur+ gr[?1 & an occasional good soak+ 9 dry wea!r w prove v b5eficial4 ,!y are set 9 ! field dur+ ,july1 & z x (t5 is v dry at ?is "t1 ^? extra precautions m5tion$ 9 directions = sett+ out plants1 9 ! prec$+ *apt]1 %\ld be tak54 ,if ! newly set plants are du/$ ) wood a%es1 x w be a wise precaution aga9/ insect pe/s4 ,caulifl[]3--,! caulifl[] is easily ! que5 ( ! cabbage gr\p3 also x is ! mo/ difficult to raise4 7#a7 ,x is ! mo/ t5d] & %\ld n be set out q s e>ly4 7#b7 ,x is ev5 a rank] fe$] ?an ! cabbage1 & j be=e head+ up w be greatly improv$ by applications ( liquid manure4 7#c7 ,x mu/ h wat]1 & unless ! soil is a naturally damp "o1 irrigation1 ei!r by turn+ ! hose on betwe5 ! r[s1 or directly ar\nd ! plants1 mu/ be giv5--two or ?ree times %\ld be suffici5t4 7#d7 ,! heads mu/ be protect$ f ! sun4 ,?is is accompli%$ by ty+ up ! po9ts ( leaves1 s z to =m a t5t1 or break+ !m 7snap ! mid- rib only71 & fold+ !m d[n ov] ! fl[]4 7#e7 ,!y mu/ be us$ z soon z ready1 = !y det]iorate v quickly4 ,take !m :ile ! head is /ill solid & firm1 be=e ! little fl[] tips beg9 to op5 out4 ,cel]y3--,?is is ano!r favorite vegetable :i* has a bad reputation to live d[n4 ,!y us$ to plant x at ! bottom ( a twelve-in* tr5* & sp5d all k9ds ( unnecess>y labor ov] x4 ,x c be gr[n p]fectly well on ! level & 9 ! av]age home g>d54 ,z to soil1 cel]y pref]s a moi/ "o1 b x mu/ be well dra9$4 ,! home supply c1 h[ev]1 be gr[n 9 ! ord9>y g>d51 especially if wat] may be _h 9 case ( injuri\s dr\?4 ,= ! e>ly crop ! be/ sorts are ! ,:ite ,plume & ,gold5 ,self- blan*+4 ,se$ is s[n 9 ! la/ "p ( ,febru>y or fir/ "p ( ,m>*4 ,! se$ is v f9e & ! greate/ pa9s mu/ be tak5 to give ! be/ possible treatm5t4 ,! se$ %\ld be press$ into ! soil & b>ely cov]$ ) v light soil--half sift$ leaf-m\ld or moss4 ,nev] let ! boxes dry out1 & z soon z ! ?ird or f\r? leaf comes1 transplant2 cut back ! outside leaves1 & set z deeply z possible )\t cov]+ ! cr[n4 ,! roots also1 if long1 %\ld be cut back4 ,?is trimm+ ( leaves & roots %\ld be giv5 at ea* transplant+1 ?us assur+ a %ort /ocky gr[?4 ,culture ( ! e>ly crop1 aft] sett+ out1 is easi] ?an t = ! w9t] crop4 ,!re are two sy/ems3 7#a7 ,! plants are set 9 r[s ?ree or f\r feet ap>t1 six in*es 9 ! r[1 & blan*$1 ei!r by draw+ up ! e>? 9 a hill & work+ x 9 ab\t ! /alks ) ! f+]s 7?is op]ation is t]m$ h&l+71 or else by ! use ( bo>ds laid on edge along ! r[s1 on ei!r side4 7#b7 ,! o!r me?od is call$ ! new cel]y culture1 & 9 x ! plants are set 9 b$s eight in*es ap>t ea* way 7t5 or twelve in*es = l>ge v>ieties71 ! idea be+ to make ! tops ( ! plants supply ! %ade = ! blan*+4 ,?is me?od has two disadvantages3 x requires extra heavy manur+ & prep>ation ( soil1 & pl5ty ( moi/ure2 & ev5 ) ?is aid ! /alks nev] atta9 ! size ( ^? gr[n 9 r[s4 ,! e>ly crop %\ld be ready 9 ,augu/4 ,! quality is nev] s good z t ( ! lat] crops4 ,= ! ma9 or w9t] crop1 s[ ! se$ ab\t ,april #a/4 ,! same extra c>e mu/ be tak5 z 9 s[+ "u glass4 ,9 hot1 dry wea!r1 %ade ! b$s2 nev] let !m dry out4 ,transplant to second b$ z soon z l>ge en\gh to develop root sy/em1 be=e sett+ 9 ! p]man5t position4 ,:5 sett+ 9 late ,june or ,july1 be sure to put ! plants 9 up to ! he>ts1 n ov]1 & set firmly4 ,give level clean culture until ab\t ,augu/ #ae?1 :51 ) ! hoe1 :eel hoe or cultivator1 e>? %\ld be drawn up along ! r[s1 foll[$ by h&l+4 ,! plants = e>ly use are tr5*$ 7see ,*apt] ,,xiv71 b t left = late use mu/ be bank$ up1 :i* is done by mak+ ! hills high] /ill1 by ! use ( ! spade4 ,= fur!r treatm5t see ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 n to p]=m any "w 9 ! cel]y pat* :ile ! plants are wet4 ,corn salad or ,fetticus3--,?is salad plant is n l>gely gr[n4 ,x is plant$ ab\t ! middle ( ,april & giv5 ! same treatm5t z sp9a*4 ,*icory3--,?is also is little gr[n4 ,! ,witlo(1 a k9d n[ be+ us$1 is h[ev] mu* m desirable4 ,s[ 9 drills1 ?9 to five or six in*es1 & 9 ,augu/ or ,septemb]1 e>? up1 z ) e>ly cel]y1 to blan* ! /alks1 :i* are us$ = salads1 or boil$4 ,cut-back roots1 plant$ 9 boxes ( s& plac$ 9 a mod]ately w>m d>k place & wat]$1 s5d up a gr[? ( t5d] leaves1 mak+ a f9e salad4 ,*]vil3--,curl$ *]vil is gr[n ! same z p>sley & us$ = g>ni%+ or season+4 ,! root v>iety resembles ! /ump- root$ c>rot1 ! quality be+ improv$ by fro/4 ,s[ 9 ,april or ,septemb]4 ,treat l p>snip4 ,*ives3--,leaves are us$ = imp>t+ an onion flavor4 ,a clump ( roots set put w la/ _m ye>s4 ,cress3--,ano!r salad little gr[n 9 ! home g>d54 ,to _m1 h[ev]1 its spicy1 pung5t flavor is p>ticul>ly pleas+4 ,x is easily gr[n1 b %\ld be plant$ frequ5tly--ab\t e two weeks4 ,s[ 9 drills1 twelve to f\rte5 in*es ap>t4 ,its only special requirem5t is moi/ure4 ,wat] is n necess>y1 b if a b$ c be />t$ 9 "s clean /ream or pool1 x w take c>e ( itself4 ,upl& cress or pepp] grass gr[s 9 ord9>y g>d5 soil1 be+ "o ( ! v fir/ salads4 ,s[ 9 ,april1 9 drills twelve or f\rte5 in*es ap>t4 ,x gr[s s rapidly t x may be _h 9 five or six weeks4 ,s[ frequ5tly = succession1 z x runs to se$ v quickly4 ,*>d3--,see ,sp9a*4 ,d&elion3--,?is is an excell5t gre5s1 b z ! crop is n ready until second season f plant+ x is n gr[n z mu* z x %\ld be4 ,s[ ! se$ 9 ,april--v %all[4 ,x is well to put 9 ) x a few lettuce or turnip se$ to m>k ! r[s4 ,drills %\ld be "o foot ap>t1 & plants ?9n$ to eight to twelve in*es4 ,! quality is inf9itely sup]ior to ! wild d&elion & may be /ill fur!r improv$ by blan*+4 ,if "o is cont5t to take a small crop1 a cutt+ may be made 9 ! fall1 ! same season z ! s[+4 ,endive3--,?is salad vegetable is be/ = fall use4 ,s[ 9 ,june or ,july1 9 drills eighte5 to tw5ty-f\r in*es ap>t1 & ?9 to t5 to twelve in*es4 ,to be fit = use x mu/ be blan*$1 ei!r by ty+ up ) raffia 9 a loose bun*1 or by plac+ two wide bo>ds 9 an inv]t$ ,v %ape ov] ! r[s2 & 9 ei!r case be sure ! leaves are dry :5 do+ ?is4 ,kale3--,kale is a non-head+ memb] ( ! cabbage gr\p1 us$ z gre5s1 bo? 9 spr+ & w9t]4 ,x is improv$ by fro/1 b ev5 !n is a little t\gh & heavy4 ,its *ief m]it lies 9 ! fact t x is easily _h :5 gre5s ( ! bett] sorts are h>d to get1 z x may be left out & cut z ne$$ dur+ w9t]--ev5 f "u sn[4 ,! fall crop is giv5 ! same treatm5t z late cabbage4 ,sib]ian kale is s[n 9 ,septemb] & w9t]$-ov] l sp9a*4 ,lettuce3--,lettuce is gr[n 9 l>g] quantities ?an all ! o!r salad plants put toge!r4 ,by ! use ( hotb$s x may be _h practically ! ye> r\nd4 ,! fir/ s[+ = ! spr+ "u-glass crop is made 9 ,janu>y or ,febru>y4 ,^! are h&l$ z = ! plant+ outside--see ,*apt] ,,viii4--b are set 9 ! frames six to eight in*es ea* way1 accord+ to v>iety4 ,v5tilate freely dur+ ! day :5 ov] #ee give #de at night4 ,wat] only :5 ne$$1 b !n ?or\ghly1 & pref]ably only on morn+s ( bright sunny days4 ,! plants = fir/ outdoor crops are h&l$ z already describ$4 ,aft] ,april #a/ plant+ %\ld be made e two weeks4 ,dur+ ,july & ,augu/ ! se$-b$s mu/ be kept %ad$ & moi/4 ,9 ,augu/1 fir/ s[+ = fall "u-glass crop is made1 :i* c be matur$ 9 coldframes2 lat] s[+s go+ into hotb$s4 ,9 quality1 ,i consid] ! h>d-head+ v>ieties sup]ior to ! loose-head+ sorts1 b ( c\rse t is a matt] ( ta/e4 ,! =m] is be/ = crops matur+ f ! middle ( ,june until ,septemb]1 ! latt] = e>ly & late s[+s1 z !y mature m quickly4 ,! cos type is good = summ] gr[+ b %\ld be ti$ up to blan* well4 ,to be at its be/1 lettuce %\ld be gr[n v rapidly1 & ! use ( top-dress+s ( nitrate are p>ticul>ly b5eficial ) ?is crop4 ,! gr\nd %\ld be light1 w>m1 & v ri*1 & cultivation %all[ b frequ5t4 ,mu%room3--,:ile ! mu%room is n a g>d5 crop1 /rictly speak+1 /ill x is "o ( ! mo/ delici\s ( all vegetables = ! home table1 & ?\gh space does n p]mit a long description ( ! sev]al details ( its culture1 ,i %all try to include all ! ess5tial po9ts z succ9ctly z possible1 7#a7 ,! place = ! b$ may be f\nd 9 any %elt]$1 dry spot--cell>1 %$ or gre5h\se-- :]e an ev5 temp]ature ( #ec to #eh degrees c be ma9ta9$ & direct sunlight exclud$4 7,complete d>kness is n necess>y2 x is frequ5tly s consid]$1 b only because 9 d>k places ! temp]ature & moi/ure are apt to rema9 m ev547 7#b7 ,! mat]ial is fre% horse-manure1 f :i* ! r\ghe/ ( ! /raw has be5 %ak5 out4 ,?is is /ack$ 9 a compact pile & trampl$--wett+ d[n if at all dry--to induce f]m5tation4 ,?is process mu/ be repeat$ f\r or five times1 c>e be+ requir$ nev] to let ! heap dry out & burn2 "t = re-/ack+ be+ indicat$ by ! heap's /eam+4 ,at ! second or ?ird turn+1 add ab\t "o-fif?1 9 bulk1 ( light loam4 7#c7 ,:5 ! heat ( ! pile no long] rises above #ajj to #abe degrees 7z indicat$ by a !rmomet]7 put into ! b$s1 tramp+ or beat+ v firmly1 until ab\t t5 in*es deep4 ,:5 ! temp]ature rec$es to #ij degrees1 put 9 ! spawn4 ,ea* brick w make a doz5 or s pieces4 ,put ^! 9 ?ree in*es deep1 & twelve by n9e in*es ap>t1 cov]+ lightly4 ,!n beat d[n ! surface ev5ly4 ,aft] eight days1 cov] ) two in*es ( light loam1 firmly compact$4 ,?is may be cov]$ ) a lay] ( /raw or o!r light mat]ial to help ma9ta9 an ev5 degree ( moi/ure1 b %\ld be remov$ z soon z ! mu%rooms beg9 to appe>4 ,wat] only :5 ! soil is v dry2 bett] if wat] is w>m$ to ab\t #fj degrees4 ,:5 ga!r+ nev] leave /ems 9 ! b$ z !y are likely to bre$ maggots4 ,! crop %\ld appe> 9 six to eight weeks aft] spawn+ ! b$4 ,p>sley3--,?is v easily gr[n little plant %\ld h at lea/ a r[ or two 9 ! se$-b$ devot$ to x4 ,= use dur+ w9t]1 a box or a few pots may be fill$ ) cut-back roots & giv5 mod]ate temp]ature & moi/ure4 ,if no frames are on h&1 ! plants usually w d well 9 a sunny w9d[4 ,p>sley se$ is p>ticul>ly sl[ 9 g]m9at+4 ,use a few se$s ( turnip or c>rot to indicate ! r[s1 & h ! b$ v f9ely prep>$4 ,rhub>b3--,?is is ano!r ( ! /&>d vegetables :i* no home g>d5 %\ld be )\t4 ,= ! b$ pick out a spot :]e ! roots c /ay )\t int]f]+ ) ! pl[+ & work+ ( ! g>d5--next ! asp>agus b$1 if 9 a good e>ly location1 w be z good z any4 ,"o %ort r[ w supply a l>ge family4 ,! b$ is set ei!r ) roots or "y plants1 ! =m] be+ ! usual me?od4 ,! gr\nd %\ld fir/ be made z deep & ri* z possible4 ,if poor1 dig out ! r[s1 :i* %\ld be f\r or five feet ap>t1 to a dep? ( two feet or m & "w 9 a foot ( good manure1 refill+ ) ! be/ ( ! soil excavat$4 ,set ! roots ab\t f\r feet ap>t 9 ! r[1 ! cr[ns be+ ab\t f\r in*es bel[ ! surface4 ,no /alks %\ld be cut ! fir/ season2 aft] t !y w be> abundantly _m ye>s4 ,9 />t+ f se$1 s[ 9 ,m>* 9 frames or outside 9 ,april2 :5 well along-ab\t ! fir/ ( ,june--set out 9 r[s1 eighte5 by twelve in*es4 ,by ! foll[+ ,april !y w be ready = _! p]man5t position4 ,manur+ 9 ! fall1 z ) asp>agus1 to be work$ 9 9 ! spr+1 is necess>y = good results4 ,i "k ( no crop :i* s quickly responds to lib]al dress+s ( nitrate ( soda1 appli$ fir/ j z gr[? />ts 9 9 ! spr+4 ,! se$ /alks %\ld be brok5 (f z fa/ z !y appe>1 until late 9 ! season4 ,sea-,kale3--,:5 bett] kn[n 9 ?is c\ntry1 sea-kale w be giv5 a place beside ! asp>agus & rhub>b1 =1 l !m1 x may be us$ ye> aft] ye>4 ,_m believe x sup]ior 9 quality to ei!r asp>agus or caulifl[]4 ,x is gr[n f ei!r se$ or pieces ( ! root1 ! =m] me?od1 be+ probably ! m satisfactory4 ,s[ 9 ,april1 9 drills f\rte5 in*es ap>t1 ?9n+ to five or six4 ,transplant 9 ! foll[+ spr+ z describ$ = rhub>b--b sett+ ?ree feet ap>t ea* way4 ,9 ! fall1 aft] ! leaves h fall5--& e succe$+ fall-- cov] ea* cr[n ) a %ovelful ( clean s& & !n ab\t eighte5 in*es ( e>?1 dug out f betwe5 ! r[s4 ,?is is to blan* ! spr+ gr[?4 ,aft] cutt+1 %ovel (f ! e>? & s& & enri* ) manure = ! foll[+ season's gr[?4 ,sp9a*3--,= ! fir/ spr+ crop ( ?is good & :olesome vegetable1 ! se$ is s[n 9 ,septemb]1 & c>ri$ ov] ) a protection ( hay or o!r r\gh litt]4 ,crops = summ] & fall are s[n 9 successive plant+s f ,april on1 ,long-,/&+ be+ ! be/ sort to s[ aft] ab\t ,may #ae?4 ,se$ ( ! ,new ,zeal& sp9a* %\ld be soak$ sev]al h\rs 9 hot wat]1 be=e be+ plant$4 ,= ! home g>d51 ,i believe t ! ,swiss *>d beet is de/9$ to be m popul>1 z x becomes kn[n1 ?an any ( ! sp9a*es4 ,x is s[n 9 plant+s f ,april on1 b w yield leaves all season long2 !y are cut close to ! soil1 & 9 an almo/ incr$ibly %ort "t ! roots h ?r[n up a new crop1 ! am\nt tak5 dur+ ! season be+ wond]ful4 ,sp9a* wants a /rong & v ri* soil1 & dress+s ( nitrate %[ good results4 ,,! ,,fruit ,,crops ,"u ?is head+ are includ$3 ,bean1 dw>f ,bean1 pole ,corn ,peas ,cucumb] ,egg-plant ,melon1 musk ,melon1 wat] ,okra ,pepp] ,pumpk9s ,squa% ,tomato ,mo/ ( ^! vegetables diff] f bo? ! prec$+ gr\ps 9 two important ways4 ,fir/ ( all1 ! soil %\ld n be made too ri*1 especially 9 nitrog5\s manures1 su* z /rong fre% y>d-manure2 al?\gh light dress+s ( nitrate ( soda are (t5 ( great help 9 giv+ !m a quick />t--z :5 sett+ out 9 ! field4 ,second1 !y are w>m-wea!r lov+ plants1 & no?+ is ga9$ by attempt+ to s[ or set out ! plants until all dang] f late fro/s is ov]1 & ! gr\nd is well w>m$ up4 7,peas1 ( c\rse1 are an exception to ?is rule1 & to "s ext5t ! e>ly beans47 ,?ird1 !y require mu* m room & are gr[n = ! mo/ "p 9 hills4 ,light1 w>m1 quick1 s&y to gravelly soils1 & old1 f9e1 well rott$ manure--appli$ g5]ally 9 ! hill besides t pl[$ "u1 make ! be/ comb9ation = results4 ,su* special hills are prep>$ by m>k+ (f1 digg+ out ! soil to ! dep? ( eight to t5 in*es1 & eighte5 in*es to two feet squ>e1 & incorporat+ sev]al =kfuls ( ! compo/4 ,a little guano1 or bett] /ill cottonse$ meal1 say #a_/b to #a gill ( ! =m]1 or a gill ( ! latt]1 mix$ ) ! compo/ :5 putt+ into ! hill1 w also be v good4 ,hills to be plant$ e>ly %\ld be rais$ an in* or two above ! surface1 unless !y are ^u slop+ gr\nd4 ,! greate/ difficulty 9 rais+ all ! v9e fruits--melons1 etc4-- is 9 successfully combat+ _! insect enemies--! /rip$ beetle1 ! bor] & ! flat1 black /9k-bug1 be+ ! wor/ ( ^!4 ,rem$ies w be sugge/$ 9 ! next *apt]4 ,b = ! home g>d51 :]e only a few hills ( ea* w be requir$1 by f> ! easie/ & ! only sure way ( fight+ !m w be by protect+ ) bottomless boxes1 l>ge en\gh to cov] ! hills1 & cov]$ ) mosquito nett+1 or bett]1 plant-protect+ clo?1 :i* has ! additional m]it ( giv+ ! hills an e>ly />t4 ,^! boxes may be easily made ( "o-half by eight-in* bo>ds1 or f ord9>y crack]-boxes1 su* z us$ = mak+ flats4 ,plants s protect$ 9 ! e>li] /ages ( gr[? w usually ei!r n be attack$1 or w1 ) ! assi/ance ( ! rem$ies describ$ 9 ! foll[+ *apt]1 be able to )/& ! insect's visits4 ,beans1 dw>f3--,beans are "o ( ! mo/ widely lik$ ( all g>d5 vegetables--& "o ( ! mo/ easily gr[n4 ,!y are v p>ticul> ab\t only "o ?+--n to h a heavy wet soil4 ,! dw>f or bu% sorts are plant$ 9 d\ble or s+le drills1 eighte5 to tw5ty-f\r in*es ap>t1 & = ! fir/ s[+ n mu* ov] an in* deep4 ,lat] plant+s %\ld g 9 two to ?ree in*es deep1 accord+ to soil4 ,a%es or "s good mix$ f]tiliz] high 9 pota%1 appli$ & well mix$ 9 at "t ( plant+1 w be v useful4 ,z ! plants ga9 size !y %\ld be slightly hill$--to help hold ! /alks up firmly4 ,nev] "w ov] or pick f ! plants :ile !y are wet4 ,! dw>f limas %\ld n be plant$ until t5 to f\rte5 days lat] ?an ! e>ly sorts4 ,be sure to put !m 9 edgeways1 ) ! eye d[n1 & :5 !re is no prospect ( imm$iate ra91 or ! :ole plant+ is fairly sure to be lo/4 ,beans1 pole3--,! pole v>ieties %\ld n g 9 until ab\t ! "t = ! limas4 ,plant 9 specially prep>$ hills 7see above7 t5 to tw5ty se$s1 & :5 well up ?91 leav+ ?ree to five4 ,poles are be/ set :5 prep>+ ! hills4 ,a great improvem5t ov] ! old-fa%ion$ pole is made by nail+ build+ la?s firmly across #b x #c-;94 po/s sev5 or eight feet high 7see illu/ration74 ,to secure extra e>ly pods on ! poles p9* back ! v9es at five feet high4 ,corn3--,= extra e>ly e>s1 corn may easily be />t$ on sod1 z direct$ = cucumb]s4 ,be sure1 h[ev]1 n to get into ! op5 until dang] f fro/ is ov]--usually at lea/ t5 days aft] x is safe = ! fir/ plant+1 :i* is seldom made be=e ,may #a/4 ,frequ5t1 %all[ cultivation is a prime necessity 9 gr[+ ?is crop4 ,:5 well up1 ?9 to f\r /alks to a hill--usually five to sev5 k]nels be+ plant$4 ,a slight hill+ :5 ! tassels appe> w be advisable4 ,plant frequ5tly = succession crops4 ,! la/ s[+ may be made z late z ! fir/ "p ( ,july if ! se$ is well firm$ 91 to assure imm$iate g]m9ation4 ,sweet corn = ! g>d5 is frequ5tly plant$ 9 drills1 ab\t ?ree feet ap>t1 & ?9n+ to t5 to twelve in*es4 ,cucumb]3--,?is univ]sal favorite is easily gr[n if ! /rip$ beetle is held at bay4 ,= ! e>lie/ fruits />t on sod 9 ! frames3 ,cut out sods f\r to six in*es squ>e1 :]e ! grass indicates ri* soil4 ,pack close toge!r 9 ! frame1 grass side d[n1 & pu% sev5 or eight se$s into ea*1 firmly en\gh to be held 9 place1 cov]+ ) ab\t "o & a half in*es ( light soil2 wat] ?or\ghly & protect ) glass or clo?1 tak+ c>e to v5tilate1 z describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,viii4 ,set out 9 prep>$ hills aft] dang] ( fro/ is ov]4 ,outside crop is plant$ directly 9 ! hills1 us+ a doz5 or m se$s & ?9n+ to ?ree or f\r4 ,egg-plant3--,! egg-plant is always />t$ "u glass1 = ! ,nor!rn ,/ates1 & %\ld be twice transplant$1 ! second "t into pots1 to be ( ! be/ size :5 put out4 ,?is %\ld n be until aft] tomatoes are set1 z x is p]haps ! t5d]e/ ( all g>d5 vegetables z reg>ds heat4 ,! soil %\ld be v ri* & z moi/ z c be select$4 ,if dry1 irrigat+ w be necess>y4 ,?is %\ld n be delay$ until ! gr[? becomes /unt$1 z sudd5 gr[? !n induc$ is likely to cause ! fruit to crack4 ,wat* = potato-bugs on y\r egg-plants4 ,!y seem to draw ^! tr\blesome beetles z a magnet does iron fil+s1 & ,i h se5 plants practically ru9$ by !m 9 "o day4 ,z !y seem to "k !re w n be "t to eat ! :ole fruit !y take pa9s to eat into ! /ems4 ,! only sure rem$y is to knock !m (f ) a piece ( %+le into a pan ( wat] & k]os5e4 ,egg-plants are easily burn$ by ,p>is gre51 & t /&>d rem$y _c be s effectively us$ z on o!r crops2 hellebore or ars5ate ( lead is good4 ,z ! season ( gr[? is v limit$1 x is advisable1 besides hav+ ! plants z well develop$ z possible :5 set out1 to give a quick />t ) cotton-se$ meal or nitrate1 & liquid manure lat] is useful1 z !y are gross fe$]s4 ,! fruits are ready to eat f ! size ( a turkey egg to complete developm5t4 ,melon1 musk3--,! culture ( ?is delici\s vegetable is almo/ id5tical ) t ( ! cucumb]4 ,if any?+ x is m p>ticul> ab\t hav+ light soil4 ,if put 9 soil at all heavy1 at ! "t ( prep>+ ! hill1 add s& & leaf-m\ld to ! compo/1 ! hills made at lea/ ?ree feet squ>e1 & slightly rais$4 ,?is me?od is also ( use 9 plant+ ! o!r v9e crops4 ,melon1 wat]3--,9 ! w>m ,s\!rn ,/ates wat]melons may be gr[n *eaply1 & !y are s readily %ipp$ t 9 ! small home g>d5s x w n pay to gr[ !m1 = !y take up m space ?an any o!r vegetable1 ) ! exception ( w9t] squa%4 ,! "o advantage ( gr[+ !m1 :]e !re is room1 is t bett] quality ?an t usually to be b\ght may be obta9$4 ,give !m ! hotte/ spot 9 ! g>d5 & a s&y quick soil4 ,use a v>iety recomm5d$ = y\r p>ticul> climate4 ,give ! same culture z = musk melon1 except t ! hill %\ld be at lea/ six to t5 feet ap>t ea* way4 ,by plant+ ne> ! edge ( ! g>d51 & p9*+ back ! v9es1 room may be sav$ & ! rip5+ up ( ! crop made m c]ta94 ,okra3--,al?\gh ! okra makes a v /rong plant--& incid5tally is "o ( ! mo/ ornam5tal ( all g>d5 vegetables-- ! se$ is quickly rott$ by wet or cold4 ,s[ n e>li] ?an ,may #be?1 9 w>m soil1 plant+ ?9ly 9 drills1 ab\t "o & a half in*es deep1 & ?9n+ to a foot or s2 cultivate z ) corn 9 drills4 ,all pods n us$ = s\p or /ems dur+ summ] may be dri$ & us$ 9 w9t]4 ,peas3--,) c>e 9 mak+ successive s[+s1 peas may be _h dur+ a long season4 ,! e>lie/1 smoo? v>ieties are plant$ 9 drills twelve to eighte5 in*es ap>t1 e>ly 9 ,april4 ,^! are1 h[ev]1 ( v inf]ior quality comp>$ to ! wr9kl$ sorts1 :i* may n[ be _h practically z e>ly z ! o!rs4 ,) ! m>ket g>d5]1 ! diff]5ce ( a few days 9 ! matur+ ( ! crop is ( a great deal m importance ?an ! quality1 b = ! home g>d5 ! opposite is true4 ,ano!r me?od ( plant+ ! dw>f-gr[+ k9ds is to make b$s ( f\r r[s1 six to eight in*es ap>t1 ) a two-foot alley betwe5 b$s4 ,! tall-gr[+ sorts mu/ be support$ by bru% or 9 o!r ways2 & are put ab\t f\r feet ap>t 9 d\ble r[s1 six in*es ap>t4 ,! e>ly v>ieties if s[n 9 ,augu/ w usually mature a good fall crop4 ,! e>ly plant+s %\ld be made 9 light1 dry soil & b "o in* deep2 ! lat] ones 9 deep loam4 ,9 nei!r case %\ld ! gr\nd be made too ri*1 especially 9 nitrog52 & x %\ld n be wet :5 ! se$ is plant$4 ,pepp]3--,a doz5 pepp] plants w give abundance ( pods = ! av]age family4 ,! v>ieties h be5 greatly improv$ )9 rec5t ye>s 9 ! quality ( mildness4 ,! culture recomm5d$ = egg-plant is applicable also to ! pepp]4 ,! ma9 diff]5ce is t1 al?\gh ! pepp] is v t5d] :5 "y1 ! crop matur+ 9 ! autumn w n be injur$ by consid]able fro/4 ,pumpk93--,! sug> or pie v>ieties ( ! pumpk9 are ! only ones us$ 9 g>d5 culture1 & ^! only :]e !re is pl5ty ( gr\nd = all o!r purposes4 ,! culture is ! same z t = late squa%es1 :i* foll[s4 ,squa%3--,= ! e>lie/ squa% ! bu% v>ieties ( ,scallop are us$2 to be foll[$ by ! summ] ,crookneck & o!r summ] v>ieties1 be/ among :i* are ! ,=dhook & ,delicata4 ,= all1 hills %\ld be prep>$ z describ$ at ! beg9n+ ( ?is section & 9 addition x is well to mix ) manure a %ovelful ( coal a%es1 us$ to keep away ! bor]1 to ! attack ( :i* ! squa% is p>ticul>ly liable4 ,! cultivation is ! same z t us$ = melons or cucumb]s1 except t ! hills = ! w9t] sorts mu/ be at lea/ eight feet ap>t & !y are (t5 put twelve4 ,tomato3--,= ! e>lie/ crop1 tomatoes are />t$ ab\t ,m>* #a/4 ,!y %\ld be twice transplant$1 & = be/ results ! second transplant+ %\ld be put into pots--or into ! frames1 sett+ six to eight in*es ea* way4 ,!y are n set out until dang] ( fro/ is ov]1 & ! gr\nd %\ld n be too ri*2 old manure us$ 9 ! hill1 ) a dress+ ( nitrate at sett+ out1 or a few days aft]1 w give !m a good />t4 ,accord+ to v>iety1 !y are set ?ree to five feet ap>t--f\r feet1 :]e /ak+ or trellis+ is giv51 z x %\ld always be 9 g>d5 culture1 w be z mu* z ! l>ge/- gr[+ plants require4 ,x w pay well1 bo? = quality & quantity ( fruit1 to keep mo/ ( ! suck]s cut or rubb$ (f4 ,! rip5+ ( a few fruits may be ha/5$ by ty+ pap] bags ov] ! bun*es1 or by pick+ & rip5+ on a bo>d 9 ! hot sun4 ,= rip5+ fruit aft] fro/ see ,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,a %>p wat* %\ld be kept = ! l>ge gre5 tomato-worm1 :i* is almo/ exactly ! color ( ! foliage4 ,8 pres5ce may fir/ be notic$ by fruit & leaves eat54 ,h&-pick+ is ! be/ rem$y4 ,protection mu/ be made aga9/ ! cutworm 9 localities :]e he works4 ,all ! above1 ( c\rse1 w be consid]$ 9 connection ) ! tabulat$ in=mation z to dates1 dep?s & di/ances = s[+1 quantities1 etc41 giv5 9 ! table 9 ,*apt] ,,iv1 & is supplem5t$ by ! in=mation ab\t insects1 diseases & h>ve/+ giv5 9 ,*apt]s ,,xiii & ,,xiv1 & especially 9 ! ,*apt] on ,v>ieties :i* foll[s1 & :i* is giv5 sep>ately f ! pres5t *apt] 9 ord] t ! read] may ! m readily make out a li/1 :5 plann+ 8 g>d5 or mak+ up 8 ord] %eet = ! se$sman4 ,,*apt] ,,xii ,,be/ ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,! ,,g>d5 ,,vegetables ,x is my purpose 9 ?is *apt] to assi/ ! g>d5] ( limit$ exp]i5ce to select v>ieties sure to give satisfaction4 ,to ! man or woman plann+ a g>d5 = ! fir/ "t !re is no "o ?+ m confus+ ?an ! selection ( ! be/ v>ieties4 ,?is 9 spite ( ! fact t catalogues %\ld be1 & might be1 a great help in/ead ( almo/ an actual h9drance4 ,i suppose t se$sm5 consid] extravagance 9 catalogues1 bo? 9 mat]ial & language1 necess>y1 or !y w\ld n g to ! limit 9 exp5se = pr9t+ & mail+1 z !y d4 ,b f ! po9t ( view ( ! g>d5]1 & especially ( ! beg9n]1 x is to be regrett$ t we _c h ! pla9 unv>ni%$ tru? ab\t v>ieties1 = surely ! good ones are good en\gh to use up all ! legitimate adjectives ^u :i* se$sm5 w\ld c>e to pay po/age4 ,b su* is n ! case4 ,e season sees ! introduction ( lit]ally hundr$s ( new v>ieties--or1 z is m (t5 ! case1 old v>ieties "u new names--:i* h actually no excuse = be+ unload$ ^u ! public except t !y w give a l>g] pr(it to ! sell]4 ,( c\rse1 9 a way1 x is ! fault ( ! public = pay+ ! fancy prices ask$--t is1 t "p ( ! public :i* does n "k4 ,comm]cial plant]s & exp]i5c$ g>d5]s /ick to well kn[n sorts4 ,new v>ieties are tri$1 if at all1 by ! packet only--& !n on suspicion4 ,9 practically e in/ance ! v>ieties m5tion$ h be5 gr[n by ! au?or1 b 8 recomm5dations are by no means bas$ ^u p]sonal exp]i5ce alone4 ,:]ev] introductions ( rec5t ye>s h prov$ to be actual improvem5ts ^u old] v>ieties1 !y are giv5 9 pref]5ce to ! old1 :i* are1 ( c\rse1 naturally mu* bett] kn[n4 ,x is impossible = any p]son to pick out ?is1 t or ! o!r v>iety ( a vegetable & label x unconditionally ! be/4 ,b ! p]son :o wants to save "t 9 mak+ out 8 se$ li/ c dep5d ^u ! foll[+ to h be5 widely te/$1 & to h made good4 ,asp>agus3--,:ile !re are en?usia/ic claims put =? = sev]al ( ! diff]5t v>ieties ( asp>agus1 z f> z ,i h se5 any au!ntic record ( te/s 7,bullet9 #agc1 ,n4 ,j4 ,agr4 ,exp4 ,/ation71 ! prize goes to ,palmetto1 :i* gave tw5ty-eight p] c5t4 m ?an its ne>e/ rival1 ,donald's ,elmira4 ,big yield alone is frequ5tly no recomm5dation ( a vegetable to ! home g>d5]1 b 9 ?is in/ance x does make a big diff]5ce2 fir/1 because ,palmetto is equal to any o!r asp>agus 9 quality1 & second1 because ! asp>agus b$ is produc+ only a few weeks dur+ ! g>d5+ season1 & :]e gr\nd is limit$1 z 9 mo/ home g>d5s1 x is important to cut ?is wa/e space d[n z mu* z possible4 ,?is is = b$s kept 9 good %ape & highly f$4 ,b>r's ,mammo? w probably prove m satisfactory if ! b$ is apt to be m or less neglect$1 = ! reason t "u su* circum/ances x w make ?ick] /alks ?an ! ,palmetto4 ,beans 7dw>f73--,( ! dw>f beans !re are ?ree g5]al types3 ! e>ly r\nd-podd$ /r+ beans1 ! /r+less r\nd- pods1 & ! usually m flatti% wax beans4 ,= fir/ e>ly1 ! old reliable ,extra ,e>ly ,r$ ,val5t9e rema9s z good z any sort ,i h ev] tri$4 ,9 good /ra9s ( ?is v>iety ! pods h v slight /r+s1 & !y are v fle%y4 ,x makes only a small bu% & is fairly productive & ( good quality4 ,! c>e-tak+ plant]1 h[ev]1 w put 9 only en\gh ( ^! fir/ e>ly beans to la/ a week or t5 days1 z ! lat] sorts are m prolific & ( bett] quality4 ,burpee's ,/r+less ,gre5pod is a good second e>ly4 ,x is l>g]1 f9]1 /r+less ev5 :5 mature1 & ( exceptionally h&some appe>ance4 ,improv$ ,refugee is ! mo/ prolific ( ! gre5-pods1 & ! be/ ( !m = quality1 b ) slight /r+s4 ,( ! wax type1 ,brittle ,wax is ! e>lie/1 & also a trem5d\s yield]4 ,! long-"t favorite1 ,ru/-pro( ,gold5 ,wax1 is ano!r f9e sort1 & an especially /rong heal?y gr[]4 ,! top-not* 9 quality among all bu% beans is rea*$1 p]haps1 9 ,burpee's ,:ite ,wax--! :ite ref]r+ n to ! pods1 :i* are ( a light yell[1 & flat --b to ! beans1 :i* are pure :ite 9 all /ages ( gr[?4 ,x has "o unusual & extremely valuable quality--! pods rema9 t5d] long] ?an ^? ( any o!r sort4 ,( ! dw>f limas !re is a new v>iety :i* is de/9$1 ,i ?9k1 to become ! lead] ( ! half-doz5 o!r good sorts to be _h4 ,t is ! ,burpee ,improv$4 ,! "n is r mislead+1 z x is n an improv$ /ra9 ( ! ,dre]'s or ,kum]le bu% lima1 b a mutation1 n[ ?or\ghly fix$4 ,! bu%es are /rong]-gr[+ & mu* l>g] ?an ^? ( ! old] types1 rea*+ a height ( ne>ly ?ree feet1 /&+ /rongly erect2 bo? pods & beans are mu* l>g]1 & x is a week e>li]4 ,h5d]son's new ,e>ly ,giant ,i h n yet tri$1 b f ! description ,i %\ld say x is ! same type z ! above4 ,( ! pole limas1 ! new ,giant-podd$ is ! h>die/--an important po9t 9 limas1 :i* are a little delicate 9 con/itution anyway1 especially 9 ! se$l+ /age--& ! bigge/ yield] ( any ,i h gr[n & j z good 9 quality--& !re is no vegetable mu* bett] ?an well cook$ limas4 ,) me1 also1 x has prov$ z e>ly z t old /&>d1 ,e>ly ,levia?an1 b ?is may h be5 a *ance occurr5ce4 ,=d's ,mammo? is ano!r excell5t pole lima ( l>ge size4 ,( ! o!r pole beans1 ! two t are /ill my favorites are ,k5tucky ,wond]1 or ,old ,home/ead1 & ,gold5 ,clu/]4 ,! =m] has fat meaty gre5 pods1 entirely /r+less until ne>ly mature1 & ( enorm\s l5g?4 ,i h measur$ _m ov] eight & a half in*es long--& !y are borne 9 great pr(usion4 ,gold5 ,clu/] is "o ( ! h&some/ beans ,i "k4 ,x is happily nam$1 = ! pods1 ( a beautiful ri* gold5 yell[ color1 hang 9 g5]\s clu/]s & great pr(usion4 ,9 quality x has no sup]ior2 x has always be5 a great favorite ) my cu/om]s4 ,"o ne$ nev] fe> hav+ too _m ( ^!1 z ! dri$ beans are pure :ite & spl5did = w9t] use4 ,la/ season ,i tri$ a new pole bean call$ ,burg]'s ,gre5-pod ,/r+less or ,:ite-se$$ ,k5tucky ,wond] 7! dri$ se$s ( ! old sort be+ br[n74 ,x did well1 b 0 9 s dry a place t ,i c\ld n tell :e!r x 0 an improvem5t ov] ! /&>d or n4 ,x is claim$ to be e>li]4 ,beets3--,9 beets1 v>ieties are almo/ endless1 b ,i confess t ,i h f\nd no visible diff]5ce 9 _m cases4 ,edmund's ,e>ly & ,e>ly ,model are good = fir/ crops4 ,! ,egyptian /ra9s1 ?\gh l>gely us$ = m>ket1 h nev] be5 z good 9 quality ) me4 ,= ! ma9 crop ,i l ,crimson ,globe4 ,9 "t x is a second e>ly1 ( rem>kably good =m1 smoo? sk9 & f9e quality & color4 ,broccoli3--,?is vegetable is a poor] c\s9 ( ! caulifl[] 7:i*1 by ! way1 has be5 t]m$ only a cabbage ) a college education74 ,x is ( little use :]e caulifl[] c be gr[n1 b s]ves z a sub/itute 9 nor!rn sections1 z x is m h>dy ?an t vegetable4 ,e>ly ,:ite ,fr5* is ! /&>d sort4 ,brussels spr\ts3--,?is vegetable1 9 my op9ion1 is altoge!r too little gr[n4 ,x is z easy to gr[ z fall & w9t] cabbage1 & :ile ! yield is less1 ! quality is s mu* sup]ior t = ! home g>d5 x c]ta9ly %\ld be a favorite4 ,today 7,jan4 #ai?7 we _h = d9n] spr\ts f a few old plants t _h be5 left 9 transplant+ boxes 9 an op5 coldframe4 ,^! _h be5 out all w9t]--) no protection1 repeat$ly freez+ & ?aw+1 &1 :ile ( c\rse small1 !y 7 bett] 9 quality ?an any cabbage y ev] ate4 ,dalkei? is ! be/ dw>f-gr[+ sort4 ,dani% ,prize is a new sort1 giv+ a mu* heavi] yield ?an ! old] types4 ,i h tri$ x only "o ye>1 b %\ld say x w become ! /&>d v>iety4 ,cabbage3--,9 cabbages1 too1 !re is an endless mix-up ( v>ieties4 ,! ,j]sey ,wakefield /ill rema9s ! /&>d e>ly4 ,b x is at ! be/ b a few days ahead ( ! flat-head$ e>ly sorts :i* /& mu* long] )\t break+1 s t = ! home g>d5 a v few heads w d4 ,glory ( ,enkhuis5 is a new e>ly sort t has become a great favorite4 ,e>ly ,summ] & ,succession are good to foll[ ^!1 & ,dani% ,ballhead is ! be/ quality w9t] cabbage1 & unsurpass$ = keep+ qualities4 ,b = ! home g>d5 ! ,savoy type is1 to my m9d1 f> & away ! be/4 ,x is n 9 ! same class ) ! ord9>y sorts at all4 ,p]fection ,drumhead ,savoy is ! be/ v>iety4 ,( ! r$ cabbages1 ,mammo? ,rock is ! /&>d4 ,c>rots3--,! c>rots are m re/rict$ z to numb] ( v>ieties4 ,gold5 ,ball is ! e>lie/ ( !m all1 b also ! smalle/ yield]4 ,e>ly ,sc>let ,horn is ! /&>d e>ly1 be+ a bett] yield] ?an ! above4 ,! ,danv]s ,half-long is probably gr[n m ?an all o!r k9ds toge!r4 ,x gr[s to a l5g? ( ab\t six in*es1 a v attractive deep orange 9 color4 ,:]e ! g>d5 soil is n 9 excell5t condition1 & ?or\ghly f9$ & pulv]iz$ z x %\ld be1 ! %ort]-gr[+ k9ds1 ,ox-he>t & ,*ant5ay1 w give bett] satisfaction4 ,if !re is any *oice 9 quality1 ,i %\ld aw>d x to ,*ant5ay4 ,caulifl[]2--,!re is h>dly a se$ catalogue :i* does n conta9 its own special br& ( ! v be/ & e>lie/ caulifl[] ev] introduc$4 ,^! are = ! mo/ "p select$ /ra9s ( ei!r ! old favorite1 ,h5d]son's ,sn[ball1 or ! old ,e>ly ,dw>f ,erfurt4 ,sn[ball1 & ,burpee's ,be/ ,e>ly1 :i* resembles x1 are ! be/ v>ieties ,i h ev] gr[n = spr+ or autumn4 ,!y are m likely to head1 & ( mu* f9] quality ?an any ( ! l>ge late sorts4 ,:]e climatic conditions are n favorable to gr[+ caulifl[]1 & 9 dry sections1 ,dry-wea!r is ! mo/ c]ta9 to =m heads4 ,cel]y3--,= ! home g>d5 ! dw>f-gr[+1 self-blan*+ v>ieties ( cel]y are mu* to be pref]r$4 ,:ite ,plume & ,gold5 ,self-blan*+ are ! be/4 ,! =m] is ! e>lie/ cel]y & ( excell5t quality1 b n a good keep]4 ,rec5t introductions 9 cel]y h prov$ v real improvem5ts4 ,p]haps ! be/ ( ! new] sorts1 = home use1 is ,w9t] ,que51 z x is m readily h&l$ ?an "s ( ! /&>d m>ket sorts4 ,9 quality x has no sup]ior4 ,:5 put away = w9t] prop]ly1 x w keep ?r\gh ,april4 ,corn3--,y w h to suit y\rself ab\t corn4 ,i h n ! tem]ity to "n any be/ v>ieties--e se$sman has ab\t half a doz5 t are absolutely unequal$4 ,= home use1 ,i h cut my li/ d[n to ?ree3 ,gold5 ,bantam1 a dw>f-gr[+ e>ly ( extraord9>y h>d9ess--c be plant$ e>li] ?an any o!r sort &1 :ile ! e>s are small & ) yell[ k]nels1 x is exceptionally sweet & f9e 9 flavor4 ,?is novelty ( a few ye>s s9ce1 has atta9$ wide popul> favor z quickly z any vegetable ,i "k4 ,seym\r's ,sweet ,orange is a new v>iety1 some:at simil> to ,gold5 ,bantam1 b lat] & l>g]1 ( equally f9e quality4 ,:ite ,ev]gre51 a p]fect$ /ra9 ( ,/[ell's ,ev]gre51 a /&>d favorite = ye>s1 is ! ?ird4 ,x /ays t5d] long] ?an any o!r sweet corn ,i h ev] gr[n4 ,cucumb]s3--,( cucumb]s also !re is a long & v>i$ li/ ( names4 ,! old ,extra ,e>ly ,:ite ,sp9e is /ill ! be/ e>ly2 = ! ma9 crop1 "s p]fect$ =m ( ,:ite ,sp9e4 ,i myself l ! ,=dhood ,fam\s1 z x is ! heal?ie/ /ra9 ,i ev] grew1 & has v l>ge fruit t /ays gre51 :ile be+ ( f9e quality4 ,9 ! la/ few ye>s ! ,davis ,p]fect has won great popul>ity1 & des]v$ly s4 ,_m se$sm5 pr$ict t ?is is de/9$ to become ! lead+ /&>d--& :]e se$sm5 agree let u prick up our e>s6 ,x has done v well ) me1 ! fruit be+ ! h&some/ ( any ,i h gr[n4 ,if x proves z /rong a gr[] x w replace ,=dhood ,fam\s ) me4 ,egg-plant3--,new ,york ,improv$ ,purple is /ill ! /&>d1 b x has be5 to a l>ge ext5t replac$ by ,black ,beauty1 :i* has ! m]it ( be+ t5 days e>li] & a m h&some fruit4 ,:5 once tri$ x w v likely be ! only sort gr[n4 ,endive3--,?is is a sub/itute = lettuce = :i* ,i p]sonally h nev] c>$4 ,x is l>gely us$ comm]cially4 ,broad-leav$ ,batavian is a good v>iety4 ,giant ,fr+$ is ! l>ge/4 ,kale3--,kale is a =eign] :i* has nev] be5 v popul> 9 ?is c\ntry4 ,dw>f ,scott ,curl$ is ! t5d]e/ & mo/ delicate 7or lea/ co>se7 9 flavor4 ,kohlrabi3--,?is peculi> mongrel %\ld be bett] kn[n4 ,x looks z ?\gh a turnip _h />t$ to climb into ! cabbage class & /opp$ half-way4 ,:5 ga!r$ "y1 n m ?an an in* & a half 9 diamet] at ! mo/1 !y are q nice & t5d]4 ,!y are ( ! easie/ cultivation4 ,:ite ,vi5na is ! be/4 ,leek3--,= ^? :o l ?is sort ( ?+ x is--j ! sort ( ?+ !y l4 ,am]ican ,flag is ! be/ v>iety1 b :y x 0 giv5 ! fir/ "p ( t "n1 ,i d n "k4 ,lettuce3--,to cov] ! lettuces ?or\ghly w\ld take a *apt] by itself4 ,= lack ( space1 ,i %all h to m5tion only a few v>ieties1 al?\gh !re are _m o!rs z good & suit$ to diff]5t purposes4 ,= quality1 ,i put ,mignonette at ! top ( ! li/1 b x makes v small heads4 ,gr& ,rapids is ! be/ loose- head sort--f9e = "u glass1 9 frames & e>ly outdoors4 ,la/ fall f a b5* #dj x #d ft41 ,i sold #cf wor? 9 "o crop1 besides "s us$ at home4 ,i c\ld n sell w9t] head lettuce to cu/om]s :o _h once _h ?is sort1 s good 0 its quality4 ,may ,k+ & ,big ,bo/on are ! be/ outdoor spr+ & e>ly summ] sorts4 ,new ,york & ,deacon are ! be/ solid cabbage-head types = resi/+ summ] heat1 & long /&+4 ,( ! cos type ,p>is ,:ite is good4 ,muskmelon3--,! v>ieties ( muskmelon are also )\t limit4 ,i m5tion b two--:i* h giv5 good satisfaction out ( a l>ge numb] tri$1 9 my own exp]i5ce4 ,nett$ ,gem 7kn[n z ,rocky ,=d7 = a gre5-fle%$ type1 & ,em]ald ,gem = salmon-fle%$4 ,!re are a numb] ( new] v>ieties1 su* z ,hoodoo1 ,mill]'s ,cream1 ,montreal1 ,nutmeg1 etc41 all ( excell5t quality4 ,wat]melon3--,) me 79 ,connecticut7 ! seasons are a little %ort = ?is fruit4 ,cole's ,e>ly & ,swee!>t h made ! be/ %[+4 ,halb]t ,honey is ! be/ = quality4 ,okra3--,9 cool sections ! ,p]fect$ ,p]k9s does be/1 b x is n q s good 9 quality z ! s\!rn favorite1 ,:ite ,velvet4 ,! fl[]s & plants ( ?is vegetable are v ornam5tal4 ,onion3--,= "s unkn[n reason1 diff]5t se$sm5 call ! same onion by ! same "n4 ,i h nev] f\nd any explanation ( ?is1 except t a good _m onions giv5 diff]5t names 9 ! catalogues are really ! same ?+4 ,at lea/ !y grade into ea* o!r m ?an o!r vegetables4 ,) me ,prizetak] is ! only sort n[ gr[n 9 quantity1 z ,i h f\nd x to outyield all o!r yell[s1 & to be a good keep]4 ,x is a little mild] 9 quality ?an ! ,am]ican yell[s--,danv]s & ,s\?port ,globe4 ,:5 />t$ "u glass & transplant$ out 9 ,april1 x atta9s ! size & ! quality ( ! l>ge ,spani% onions ( :i* x is a desc5dant4 ,wea!rsfield ,r$ is ! /&>d flat r$1 b n q s good 9 quality or = keep+ z ,s\?port ,r$ ,globe4 ,( ! :ites ,i l be/ ,mammo? ,silv]-sk94 ,x is ready e>ly & ! f9e/ 9 quality1 to my ta/e1 ( all ! onions1 b n a good keep]4 ,ailsa ,craig1 a new ,engli% sort n[ li/$ 9 sev]al ,am]ican catalogues1 is ! be/ to gr[ = extra fancy onions1 especially = exhibit+2 x %\ld be />t$ 9 ,febru>y or ,m>* "u glass4 ,p>sley3--,em]ald is a l>ge-gr[+1 beautifully color$ & mild-flavor$ sort1 well wor?y ( adoption4 ,p>snip3--,?is vegetable is especially valuable because x may be _h at p]fection :5 o!r vegetables are sc>ce4 ,holl[ ,cr[n 7,improv$1 ( c\rse67 is ! be/4 ,peas3--,peas are worse ?an corn4 ,y w f9d en\gh exclamation po9ts 9 ! pea sections ( catalogues to tra9 ! v9es on4 ,if y want to escape bra9-fag & /ill h z good z ! be/1 if n bett]1 plant ,gradus 7or ,prosp]ity7 = e>ly & second e>ly2 ,bo/on ,unrival$ 7an improv$ =m ( ,telephone7 = ma9 crop1 & ,gradus = autumn4 ,^! two peas are good yield]s1 free gr[]s & ( really wond]fully f9e quality4 ,!y ne$ bu%+1 b ,i h nev] f\nd a v>iety ( dec5t quality t does n4 ,pepp]3--,ruby ,k+ is ! /&>d1 l>ge1 r$1 mild pepp]1 & z good z any4 ,*9ese ,giant is a new] sort1 l>g] b lat]4 ,! fle% is extremely ?ick & mild4 ,on acc\nt ( ?is quality1 x w h a wid] range ( use ?an ! old] sorts4 ,pumpk9s3--,! old ,l>ge ,*eese1 & ! new] ,quak] ,pie1 are z prolific1 h>dy & f9e 9 quality & sweetness z any4 ,potato3--,bovee is a good e>ly g>d5 sort1 b )\t ! be/ ( culture is v small4 ,iri% ,cobbl] is a good e>ly :ite4 ,gre5 ,m\nta9 is a univ]sal favorite = ma9 crop 9 ! ,ea/--a sure yield] & heavy-crop potato ( excell5t quality4 ,uncle ,sam is ! be/ quality potato ,i ev] grew4 ,bak$1 !y ta/e almo/ z ri* z *e/nuts4 ,radi%3--,i d n c>e to say mu* ab\t radi%es2 ,i d n l !m4 ,!y are1 h[ev]1 univ]sal favorites4 ,!y come r\nd1 half- long1 long & tap]+2 :ite1 r$1 :ite-tipp$1 crimson1 rose1 yell[-br[n & black2 & f ! size ( a button to ov] a foot long by fifte5 in*es 9 circumf]5ce--! latt] be+ ! new ,*9ese or ,cele/ial4 ,s y c imag9e :at a revel ( v>ieties ! se$sm5 may indulge 94 ,i h tri$ _m--& cut my own li/ d[n to two1 ,rapid-r$ 7probably an improvem5t ( ! old /&>d1 ,sc>let ,button71 & ,crimson ,globe 7or ,giant71 a big1 rapid1 heal?y gr[] ( good quality1 & "o t does n get corky4 ,a little l&-pla/]1 or gypsum1 work$ into ! soil at "t ( plant+1 w add to bo? appe>ance & quality 9 radi%es4 ,sp9a*3--,! be/ v>iety ( sp9a* is ,swiss ,*>d ,beet 7see bel[74 ,if y want ! real sort1 use ,long ,season1 :i* w give y cutt+s long aft] o!r sorts h run to se$4 ,new ,zeal& w /& m heat ?an any o!r sort4 ,victoria is a new] v>iety1 = :i* ! claim ( be/ quality is made4 ,9 my own trial ,i c\ld n notice v mu* diff]5ce4 ,x has1 h[ev]1 ?ick] & savoy$ leaves4 ,salsify3--,?is is1 to my ta/e1 ! mo/ delici\s ( all root vegetables4 ,x w n d well 9 soil n deep & f9ely pulv]iz$1 b a r[ or two = home use c be _h by digg+ & f9+ be=e s[+ ! se$4 ,x is wor? extra "w4 ,mammo? ,s&wi* is ! be/ v>iety4 ,squa%3--,( ?is f9e vegetable !re are no bett] sorts = ! home g>d5 ?an ! little ,delicata1 & ,=dhook4 ,vegetable ,m>r[ is a f9e ,engli% sort t does well 9 almo/ all localities4 ,! be/ ( ! new] l>ge-v9$ sorts is ,! ,delici\s4 ,x is ( f9] quality ?an ! well kn[n ,hubb>d4 ,= e>lie/ use1 try a few plants ( ,:ite or ,yell[ ,bu% ,scallop$4 ,!y are n s good 9 quality z ei!r ,delicata or ,=dhook1 :i* are ready )9 a week or s lat]4 ,! latt] are also excell5t keep]s & c be _h1 by />t+ plants e>ly & by c>eful /or+1 almo/ f ,june to ,june4 ,tomato3--,if y h a really hat$ enemy1 give him a doz5 se$ catalogues & ask him to select = y ! be/ f\r tomatoes4 ,b unless y want to become crim9ally involv$1 s5d 8 doctor ar\nd ! next morn+4 ,a few ye>s ago ,i tri$ ov] =ty k9ds4 ,a good _m h be5 introduc$ s9ce1 "s ( :i* ,i h tri$4 ,i am prep>$ to make ! foll[+ /atem5ts3 ,e>liana is ! e>lie/ quality tomato1 = light w>m soils1 t ,i h ev] gr[n2 ,*alk's ,jewel1 ! e>lie/ = heavi] soils 7,bonny ,be/ ,e>ly resembles x72 ,mat*less is a spl5did ma9-crop sort2 ,pond]osa is ! bigge/ & be/ quality--b x likes to split4 ,!re is "o m sort1 :i* ,i h tri$ "o ye> only1 s d n accept my op9ion z conclusive4 ,x is ! result ( a cross betwe5 ,pond]osa & ,dw>f ,*ampion--"o ( ! /ronge/-gr[+ sorts4 ,x is call$ ,dw>f ,giant4 ,! fruits are trem5d\s 9 size & 9 quality unsurpass$ by any4 ,! v9e is v heal?y1 /rong & /ocky4 ,i believe ?is new tomato w become ! /&>d ma9 crop = ! home g>d54 ,by all means try x4 ,& t is a good deal to say = a novelty 9 its second ye>6 ,turnip3--,! e>lie/ turnip ( good quality is ! ,:ite ,milan4 ,!re are sev]al o!rs ( ! :ite-fle%$ sorts1 b ,i h nev] f\nd !m equal 9 quality = table to ! yell[ sorts4 ,( ^!1 ,gold5 ,ball 7or ,orange ,jelly7 is ! be/ quality4 ,petr[ski is a diff]5t & di/9ct sort1 ( v e>ly maturity & ( especially f9e quality4 ,if y h room = b "o sort 9 y\r home g>d51 plant ?is = e>ly1 & a mon? lat] = ma9 crop4 ,d n fail to try "s ( ?is ye>'s novelties4 ,half ! fun ( g>d5+ is 9 ! exp]im5t+4 ,b :5 y are te/+ out ! new ?+s 9 comp>ison ) ! old1 j take a few plants ( ! latt] & give !m ! same extra c>e & att5tion4 ,v (t5 ! reputation ( a novelty is built ^u ! fact t 9 gr[+ x on trial ! g>d5] has giv5 x unusual c>e & ! be/ soil & location at 8 comm&4 ,be fair to ! /&>ds--& v (t5 !y w surprise y fully z mu* z ! novelties4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii ,,insects ,,& ,,diseases ,,& ,,me?ods ,,( ,,fight+ ,,!m ,i use ! t]m me?ods ( fight+ r ?an ! m usual "o1 rem$ies1 because by bo? exp]i5ce & /udy ,i am m & m conv9c$ t s long z ! comm]cial fields ( agriculture rema9 9 ! pres5t absolutely unorganiz$ condition1 & s long z ! g>d5]--home or o!rwise--:o c>es to be neglectful & ?us become a bre$] ( all sorts ( plant pe/s1 is all[$ s to d--j s long we c a*ieve no rem$y wor? ! "n4 ,:5 speak+ ( a rem$y 9 ?is connection we v frequ5tly are putt+ ! c>t be=e ! horse1 & ref] to "s means ( prev5tion4 ,prev5tion is n only ! be/1 b (t5 ! only cure4 ,?is ! g>d5] %\ld always rememb]4 ,?is subject ( plant enemies has n yet receiv$ ! att5tion f sci5tific inve/igators :i* o!r bran*es ( horticulture h1 & x is altoge!r some:at complicat$4 ,be=e tak+ up ! v>i\s insects & diseases ! foll[+ analysis & li/ w enable ! read] to get a g5]al compreh5sion ( ! :ole matt]4 ,plant enemies are ( two k9ds--7#a7 insects1 & 7#b7 diseases4 ,! =m] are ( two k9ds1 7a7 insects :i* *ew or eat ! leaves or fruit2 7b7 insects :i* suck ! juices !refrom4 ,! diseases also are ( two k9ds--7a7 ^? :i* result f ! attack ( "s fungus1 or g]m2 7b7 ^? :i* attack ! :ole organism ( ! plant & are t]m$ con/itutional4 ,conc]n+ ^! latt] practically no?+ is kn[n4 ,x w be se5 at once1 ( c\rse1 t ! rem$y to be us$ mu/ dep5d ^u ! nature ( ! enemy to be f\ght4 ,we c !re=e r$uce ! matt] to a simple classification1 z foll[s3 ,,plant ,,enemies ,insects ,class ,eat+ a ,suck+ b ,diseases ,p>asitical c ,con/itutional d ,,rem$ies ,me*anical ,numb] ,cov]$ boxes44444444444 #a ,coll>s44444444444444444 #b ,c>ds4444444444444444444 #c ,de/ructive ,h&-pick+444444444444 #d ,k]os5e emulsion4444444 #e ,:ale-oil soap4444444444 #f ,miscible oils44444444444 #g ,tobacco du/444444444444 #h ,c>bolic acid emulsion44 #i ,corrosive sublimate4444 #aj ,bordeaux mixture4444444 #aa ,poison\s ,p>is gre5444444444444 #ab ,ars5ate ( lead4444444 #ac ,hellebore44444444444444 #ad ,x w be ( "s assi/ance1 p>ticul>ly z reg>ds quick ref]5ce1 to give ! foll[+ table1 :i* %[s at a glance ! me?od ( fight+ any enemy1 ! pres5ce ( :i* is kn[n or anticipat$4 ,:ile ?is may seem q a =midable li/1 9 practice _m ( ^! pe/s w n appe>1 & "u ord9>y circum/ances ! foll[+ six rem$ies out ( ^? m5tion$ w suffice to keep !m all 9 *eck1 if us$ 9 "t3 ,cov]$ boxes1 h&-pick+1 k]os5e emulsion1 tobacco du/1 ,bordeaux mixture1 ars5ate ( lead4 ,,enemy ,,attack+ ,,class ,,rem$y ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ,aphis 7,plant-lice7 ,cabbage & o!r plants1 b #e1h1f especially "u glass ,asp>agus-beetle ,asp>agus a #ac1 #ab ,asp>agus ru/ ,asp>agus c #aa ,black-rot ,cabbage & ! cabbage d #aj gr\p ,bor]s ,squa% b #d ,cat]pill>s ,cabbage gr\p a #ab1 #ad1 #d ,cat]pill>s ,tomato a #d ,club-root ,cabbage gr\p c see text ,cucumb]-beetle ,cucumb] & v9es a #a1 #aa1 #h 7,/rip$ beetle7 ,cucumb]-wilt ,cucumb] & v9es c #aa ,cucumb]-blight ,cucumb]1 muskmelon1 c #aa cabbage ,cut-worm ,cabbage1 tomato1 onion a #b1d1ab1ac ,flea-beetle ,potato1 turnip1 radi% a #aa1 #e ,potato-beetle ,potato & egg-plant a #ab1 #ac1 #d ,potato-blight ,potato c #aa ,potato-scab ,potato 7tub]s7 c #aj ,root-maggot ,radi%1 onion1 cabbage1 a #d1 #c1 #i melons ,squa%-bug ,squa%1 pumpk9 b #d1h1ab1e ,:ite-fly ,plants2 cucumb]1 tomato b #f1 #e1 #h ,:ite-grub ,plants a #d ,h[ev]1 t ! home g>d5] may be prep>$ to meet any cont+5cy1 ,i %all take up 9 brief detail ! plant enemies m5tion$ & ! rem$ies sugge/$4 ,aphis3--,! small1 s(t gre5 plant-lice4 ,!y seldom attack heal?y gr[+ plants 9 ! field1 b are h>d to keep (f "u glass4 ,if once e/abli%$ x w take sev]al applications to get rid ( !m4 ,use k]os5e or soap emulsion1 or tobacco du/4 ,!re are also sev]al trade-m>k$ prep>ations t are good4 ,aph9e1 :i* may be _h ( any se$ h\se1 has prov$ v effective 9 my own "w1 & x is ! pleasante/ to use t ,i h s f> f\nd4 ,asp>agus-beetle3--,?is pe/ w give little tr\ble on cleanly cultivat$ pat*es4 ,?or\gh "w ) ars5ate ( lead 7#a to #be7 w take c>e ( x4 ,black-rot3--,?is affects ! cabbage gr\p1 prev5t+ head+1 by fall+ ( ! leaves4 ,9 clean1 ?or\ghly lim$ soil1 ) prop] rotations1 x is n likely to appe>4 ,! se$ may be soak$1 9 cases :]e ! disease has appe>$ previ\sly1 = fifte5 m9utes 9 a p9t ( wat] 9 :i* "o ( ! corrosive sublimate tablets :i* are sold at drug /ores is dissolv$4 ,bor]s3--,?is bor] is a flatti%1 :ite grub1 :i* p5etrates ! ma9 /em ( squa% or o!r v9es ne> ! gr\nd & seems to sap ! /r5g? ( ! plant1 ev5 :5 ! v9es h atta9$ a l5g? ( t5 feet or m4 ,8 pres5ce is fir/ made evid5t by ! wilt+ ( ! leaves dur+ ! noonday heat4 ,coal a%es mix$ ) ! manure 9 ! hill1 is claim$ to be a prev5tative4 ,ano!r is to plant "s e>ly squa% betwe5 ! hills prep>$ = ! w9t] crop1 & n to plant ! latt] until z late z possible4 ,! e>ly squa% v9es1 :i* act z a trap1 are pull$ & burn$4 ,la/ season almo/ half ! v9es 9 "o ( my pieces 7 attack$ aft] _m ( ! squa%es 7 l>ge en\gh to eat4 ,) a little practice ,i 0 able to locate ! bor]'s exact position1 %[n by a spot 9 ! /alk :]e ! fle% 0 s(t1 & ( a slightly diff]5t color4 ,) a ?91 %>p knife-blade ! v9es 7 c>efully slit l5g?wise on ?is spot1 ! bor] extract$ & kill$ & ! v9es 9 almo/ e in/ance spe$ily recov]$4 ,ano!r me?od is to root ! v9es by heap+ moi/ e>? ov] sev]al ( ! leaf jo9ts1 :5 ! v9es h atta9$ suffici5t l5g?4 ,cabbage-cat]pill>3--,?is small gre5 worm1 :i* hat*es ^u ! leaves & 9 ! =m+ heads ( cabbage & o!r vegetables ( ! cabbage gr\p1 comes f ! eggs laid by ! common :ite or yell[ butt]fly ( e>ly spr+4 ,pick (f all t are visible1 & spray ) k]os5e emulsion if ! heads h n begun to =m4 ,if !y h1 use hellebore in/ead4 ,! cat]pill> or worm ( tomatoes is a l>ge gre5 voraci\s "o4 ,h&-pick+ is ! only rem$y4 ,club-root3--,?is is a p>asitical disease attack+ ! cabbage gr\p1 especially 9 gr\nd :]e ^! crops succe$ ea* o!r4 ,lime bo? soil & se$-b$--at lea/ ! fall be=e plant+1 unless us+ a special agricultural lime4 ,! crop infe/$ is sometimes c>ri$ ?r\gh by giv+ a special dress+ ( nitrate ( soda1 guano or o!r quick-act+ p[]ful f]tiliz]1 & hill$ high ) moi/ e>?1 ?us giv+ a special /imulation & enc\rag+ ! =mation ( new roots4 ,:ile ?is does n 9 any way cure ! disease1 x helps ! crop to )/& its attack4 ,:5 plant+ aga9 be sure to use crop rotation & to set plants n gr[n 9 infe/$ soil4 ,cucumb]-beetle3--,?is is ! small1 black-&-yell[-/rip$ beetle :i* attacks cucumb]s & o!r v9es &1 z x multiplies rapidly & does a great deal ( damage be=e ! results %[1 !y mu/ be att5d$ to imm$iately ^u appe>ance4 ,! v9e %\ld be protect$ ) scre5s until !y cr[d ! frames1 :i* %\ld be put 9 place be=e ! beetles put 9 an appe>ance4 ,if ! beetles are /ill 9 evid5ce :5 ! v9es get s l>ge t ! scre5s mu/ be remov$1 keep spray$ ) ,bordeaux mixture4 ,pla/]1 or f9e a%es1 sift$ on ! v9es w also keep !m (f to "s ext5t1 by keep+ ! leaves cov]$4 ,cucumb]-wilt3--,?is condition accompanies ! pres5ce ( ! /rip$ beetle1 al?\gh suppos$ n to be directly caus$ by x4 ,! only rem$y is to get rid ( ! beetles z above1 & to collect & burn e wilt$ leaf or plant4 ,cucumb]-blight or ,mildew is simil> to t :i* attacks muskmelons1 ! leaves turn+ yell[1 dy+ 9 spots & f9ally dry+ up altoge!r4 ,:]e !re is reason to fe> an attack ( ?is disease1 or ^u ! fir/ appe>ance1 spray ?or\ghly ) ,bordeaux1 #e-e-ej1 & repeat e t5 days or s4 ,! spray+ seems to be m effective on cucumb]s ?an on melons4 ,cut-worm3--,! cut-worm is p]haps ! mo/ annoy+ ( all g>d5 pe/s4 ,o!rs d m damage1 b none is s exasp]at+4 ,he works at night1 attacks ! /ronge/1 heal?ie/ plants1 & is cont5t simply to cut !m (f1 seldom1 app>5tly1 eat+ mu* or c>ry+ away any ( ! sev]$ leaves or /ems1 al?\gh occasionally ,i h f\nd su* bits1 especially small onion tops1 dragg$ (f & p>tly into ! soil4 ,9 small g>d5s ! quicke/ & be/ rem$y is h&-pick+4 ,z ! worms "w at night !y may be f\nd ) a lant]n2 or v e>ly 9 ! morn+4 ,9 daytime by digg+ ab\t 9 ! soil :]ev] a cut is f\nd1 & by c>eful se>*1 !y c almo/ inv>iably be turn$ out4 ,z a prev5tive1 & a supplem5t to h&-pick+1 a poison$ bait %\ld be us$4 ,?is is made by mix+ bran ) wat] until a ma% is made1 to :i* is add$ a du/+ ( ,p>is gre5 or ars5ate ( lead1 spray$ on ?ickly & ?or\ghly work$ ?r\gh ! mass4 ,?is is di/ribut$ 9 small am\nts--a tablespoonful or s to a place along ! r[ or ne> ea* hill or plant--j z !y are com+ up or set out4 ,/ill ano!r me?od1 :]e only a few plants are put out1 is to protect ea* by a coll> ( t9 or t> pap]4 ,flea-beetle3--,?is small1 black or /rip$ h>d-%ell$ mite attacks potatoes & "y cabbage1 radi% & turnip plants4 ,x is controll$ by spray+ ) k]os5e emulsion or ,bordeaux4 ,potato-beetle3--,! /rip$ ,colorado beetle1 :i* inv>iably f9ds ! potato pat*1 no matt] h[ small or isolat$4 ,p>is gre51 dry or spray$1 is ! /&>d rem$y4 ,ars5ate ( lead is n[ l>gely us$4 ,on small plots h&-pick+ ( old bugs & de/ruction ( eggs 7:i* are laid on "u side ( leaves7 is quick & sure4 ,potato-blight3--,bo? e>ly & late =ms ( blight are prev5t$ by ,bordeaux1 #e-e-ej1 spray$ e two weeks4 ,beg9 e>ly-- :5 plants are ab\t six in*es high4 ,potato-scab3--,plant on new gr\nd2 soak ! se$ 9 solution prep>$ z direct$ "u ,no4 #aj1 :i* see2 all[ no treat$ tub]s to t\* bags1 boxes1 b9s or soil :]e untreat$ ones h be5 kept4 ,root-maggot3--,?is is a small :ite grub1 (t5 caus+ s]i\s injury to radi%es1 onions & ! cabbage gr\p4 ,lim+ ! soil & rotation are ! be/ prev5tives4 ,de/roy all infe/$ plants1 be+ sure to get ! maggots :5 pull+ !m up4 ,! rema9+ plants %\ld be treat$ ) a gill ( /rong cau/ic lime wat]1 or solution ( muriate ( pota% p\r$ ab\t ! root ( ea* plant1 fir/ remov+ an in* or s ( e>?4 ,9 place ( ^! solutions c>bolic acid emulsion is sometimes us$2 or eight to t5 drops ( bisulphide ( c>bon are dropp$ into a hole made ne> ! roots ) ! dibb] & !n cov]$ 94 ,extra /imulation1 z direct$ = ,club-root1 w help c>ry ! plants ?r\gh4 ,squa%-bug3--,?is is ! l>ge1 black1 flat /9k-bug1 s de/ructive ( squa% & ! o!r runn+ v9es4 ,protection ) frames1 or h&-pick+1 are ! be/ home g>d5 rem$ies4 ,! old bugs may be trapp$ "u bo>ds & by e>ly v9es4 ,! "y bugs1 or sap-suck+ nymphs1 are ! ones t d ! real damage4 ,heavy tobacco du/+1 or k]os5e emulsion w kill !m4 ,:ite-,fly3--,?is is ! mo/ tr\blesome "u glass1 :]e x is controll$ by fumigation1 b occasionally is tr\blesome on plants & tomato & cucumb] v9es4 ,! "y are scab-l insects & d ! real damage4 ,spray ) k]os5e emulsion or :ale-oil soap4 ,:ite-grub or muck-worm3--,:5 lawns are infe/$ ! sod mu/ be tak5 up1 ! grubs de/roy$ & new sw>d made4 ,:5 ! roots ( s+le plants are attack$1 dig out1 de/roy ! grubs &1 if ! plant is n too mu* injur$1 reset4 ,! rem$ies giv5 9 ! table above are prep>$ z foll[s3 ,,me*anical ,,rem$ies #a4--;,cov]$ boxes3--,^! are usually made ( half-in* /uff1 ab\t eight in*es high & cov]$ ) mosquito nett+1 wire or protect+ clo?--! latt] hav+ ! extra advantage ( hold+ w>m? ov] night4 #b4--;,coll>s are made ( old cans ) ! bottoms remov$1 c>dbo>d or t>r$ pap]1 l>ge en\gh to g ov] ! plant & an in* or s into ! gr\nd4 #c4--;,c>ds are cut & fitt$ close ar\nd ! /em & = an in* or s ^u ! gr\nd ar\nd x1 to prev5t maggots go+ d[n ! /em to ! root4 ,n mu* us$4 ,,de/ructive ,,rem$ies #d4--;,h&-pick+ is usually v effective1 & if p]=m$ z foll[s1 n v disagreeable3 ,fa/5 a small t9 c securely to a wood5 h&le & fill "o-?ird full ( wat] & k]os5e2 make a small wood5 paddle1 ) "o /raight edge & a r %>p po9t2 by us+ ?is 9 ! "r h& & ! pan 9 ! left1 ! bugs may be quickly knock$ (f4 ,be sure to de/roy all eggs :5 h&-pick+ is us$4 #e4--,k]os5e emulsion is us$ 9 v>y+ /r5g?s2 = me?od ( prep>+1 see ,*apt] ,,xvii4 #f & #g4--;,= use ( :ale-oil soap & miscible oils1 see ,*apt] ,,xvii4 #h4--,tobacco du/3--,?is article v>ies greatly4 ,mo/ sorts are next to wor?less1 b a few ( ! br&s especially prep>$ = ?is "w 7& sold usually at #c p] hundr$ p\nds1 :i* w la/ two ord9>y home g>d5s a :ole season7 are v conv5i5t to use1 & effective4 ,apply ) a du/]1 l t describ$ 9 ,implem5ts4 #i4--;,c>bolic acid emulsion3--#a p9t crude acid1 #a lb4 soap & #a gal4 wat]4 ,dissolve ! soap 9 hot wat]1 add balance ( wat] & pump into an emulsion1 z describ$ = k]os5e emulsion4 #aj4--;,corrosive sublimate is us$ to de/roy scab on potatoes = se$ by dissolv+ #a oz4 9 #g gals1 ( wat]4 ,! same result is obta9$ by soak+ = ?irty m9utes 9 a solution ( comm]cial =mal91 at ! rate ( #a gill to #ae gals4 ( wat]4 #aa4--;,bordeaux mixture3--,see ,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,poison\s ,,rem$ies #ab4--,p>is gre53--,?is is ! /&>d rem$y = eat+-bugs & worms4 ,) a mod]n du/+ ma*9e x c be put on dry1 e>ly 9 ! morn+ :5 ! dew is /ill on4 ,sometimes x is mix$ ) pla/]4 ,= t5d] plants easily burn$ by ! pure p[d]1 & :]e du/+ is n conv5i5t1 x is mix$ ) wat] at ! rate ( #a lb4 to #ej to #ajj gals4 & us$ z a spray4 ,9 mix+1 make a pa/e ( equal quantities ( ! p[d] & quicklime1 & !n mix ?or\ghly 9 ! wat]4 ,x mu/ be kept /irr$ up :5 us+4 #ac4--;,ars5ate ( lead3--,?is has two advantages ov] ,p>is gre53 ,x w n burn ! foliage & x w /ay on sev]al times z long4 ,use f #d to #aj lbs4 9 #ajj gals4 ( wat]2 mix well & /ra9 be=e putt+ 9 spray]4 ,see also ,*apt] ,,xvii4 #ad4--;,hellebore3--,a dry1 :ite p[d]1 us$ 9 place ( ,nos4 #ab or #ac on vegetables or fruit t is soon to be eat54 ,= du/+1 use #a lb4 hellebore to #e ( pla/] or fl\r4 ,= wat]+ or spray+1 at rate ( #a lb4 to #ab gals4 ( wat]4 ,,precautions ,s mu* = :at we c d 9 actual h&-to-h&1 or r h&-to- m\?1 conflict ) ! enemy4 ,v few rem$ies h ev] prov$ entirely successful1 especially on crops cov]+ any consid]able area4 ,x w be f> bett]1 f> easi] & f> m effective to use ! foll[+ means ( precaution aga9/ plant pe/ ravages3 ,fir/1 aim to h soil1 food & plants t w produce a rapid1 robu/ gr[? )\t *eck4 ,su* plants are seldom attack$ by any plant disease1 & ! foliage does n seem to be s tempt+ to eat+- insects2 besides :i*1 ( c\rse1 ! plants are mu* bett] able to )/& _! attack if !y d come4 ,second1 give clean1 frequ5t culture & keep ! soil busy4 ,d n h old we$s & refuse ly+ ar\nd = insects & eggs to be %elt]$ by4 ,burn all leaves1 /ems & o!r refuse f plants t h be5 diseas$4 ,d n let ! gr\nd lie idle1 b by cont9u\s cropp+ keep ! bugs1 cat]pill>s & eggs con/antly root$ out & expos$ to _! natural enemies4 ,?ird1 practice crop rotation4 ,?is is ( special importance :]e any root disease is develop$4 ,f\r?1 wat* closely & con/antly = ! fir/ appe>ance ( tr\ble4 ,! old adages et]nal vigilance is ! price ( peace1 & a /it* 9 "t saves n9e1 are n[h]e m applicable ?an to ?is matt]4 ,& la/1 & ( extreme importance1 be prep>$ to act at once4 ,d n give ! enemy an h\r's re/ aft] 8 pres5ce is discov]$4 ,9 almo/ e case x is only by hav+ "t to multiply1 t damage am\nt+ to any?+ w be done4 ,if y w keep on h&1 ready = in/ant use1 a good h&-spray] & a mod]n p[d] gun1 a few cov]$ boxes1 tobacco du/1 ars5ate ( lead & mat]ials = k]os5e emulsion & ,bordeaux mixture1 & are n afraid to resort to h&-pick+ :5 necess>y1 y w be able to cope ) all ! plant enemies y are likely to enc\nt]4 ,! slight exp5se necess>y--consid]+ t ! two implem5ts m5tion$ w la/ = ye>s ) a little c>e--w pay z h&some a divid5d z any g>d5 inve/m5t y c make4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv ,,h>ve/+ ,,& ,,/or+ ,x is a v common ?+ to all[ ! g>d5 vegetables n us$ to rot on ! gr\nd1 or 9 x4 ,!re is a great deal ( unnecess>y wa/e 9 ?is respect1 = a great _m ( ! ?+s s neglect$ may j z well be c>ri$ into w9t]1 & w pay a v h&some divid5d = ! slight tr\ble ( ga!r+ & /or+ !m4 ,a good fro/-pro(1 cool cell> is ! be/ & mo/ conv5i5t place 9 :i* to /ore ! surplus product ( ! home g>d54 ,b1 lack+ ?is1 a room p>tition$ (f 9 ! furnace cell> & well v5tilat$1 or a small empty room1 pref]ably on ! nor? side ( ! h\se1 t c be kept bel[ =ty degrees mo/ ( ! "t1 w s]ve excell5tly4 ,or1 "s ( ! mo/ bulky vegetables1 su* z cabbage & ! root crops1 may be /or$ 9 a prep>$ pit made 9 ! g>d5 itself4 ,z x is ess5tial t su* a pit be prop]ly con/ruct$1 ,i %all describe "o ) suffici5t detail to enable ! home g>d5] readily to con/ruct x4 ,select a spot :]e wat] w n /&4 ,put ! vegetables 9 a triangul>-%ap$ pile1 ! base ?ree or f\r feet wide1 & z long z requir$4 ,sep>ate ! diff]5t vegetables 9 ?is pile by /akes ab\t two feet high] ?an ! top ( ! pile1 & label !m4 ,!n cov] ) a lay] ( clean /raw or bog hay1 & ov] ?is f\r in*es ( soil1 dug up ?ree feet back f ! edges ( ! pile4 ,?is "w mu/ be done late 9 ! fall1 z ne>ly z "o c judge j be=e la/+ freez+ beg9s1 & pref]ably on a cold morn+ :5 ! gr\nd is j beg9n+ to freeze2 ! object be+ to freeze ! p>tly e>? cov]+ at once1 s t x w n be wa%$ or bl[n (f4 ,! vegetables mu/ be p]fectly dry :5 /or$2 dig !m a week or s previ\s & keep !m 9 an airy %$4 ,z soon z ?is fir/ lay] ( e>? is p>tly froz51 b be=e x freezes ?r\gh1 put on ano!r ?ick lay] ( /raw or hay & cov] ) twelve in*es ( e>?1 keep+ ! pile z /eep z possible2 a slightly clayey soil1 t may be beat5 d[n firmly into %ape ) a spade1 be+ be/4 ,! pile %\ld be made :]e x w be %elt]$ f ! sun z mu* z possible1 su* z on ! nor? side ( a build+4 ,! disadvantage ( ! plan is1 ( c\rse1 t ! vegetables _c be got at until ! pile is op5$ up1 9 e>ly spr+1 or late if desir$4 ,its two advantages are t ! vegetables /or$ w be kept 9 bett] condition ?an 9 any cell>1 & t cell> or h\se room w be sav$4 ,= /or+ small quantities ( ! roots1 su* z c>rots or beets1 !y are usually pack$ 9 boxes or b>rels & cov]$ 9 ) clean s&4 ,:]e an up/airs room has to be us$1 swamp or sphagnum moss may replace ! s&4 ,x makes an ideal pack+ m$ium1 z x is mu* light] & clean] ?an ! s&4 ,9 _m localities x may be _h = ! ga!r+2 9 o!rs "o may get x f a flori/4 ,9 /or+ vegetables ( any k9d1 & by :atev] me?od1 see to x t3 7#a7 ,!y are always clean1 dry & s\nd4 ,! smalle/ spot or bruise is a dang] c5t]1 :i* may spread de/ruction to ! lot4 7#b7 ,t ! temp]ature1 :atev] requir$--9 mo/ cases #cc-ch degrees be+ be/--is kept z ev5 z possible4 7#c7 ,t ! /orage place is kept clean1 dry 7by v5tilation :5 ne$$7 & sweet 7by use ( :itewa% & lime74 7#d7 ,t no rats or o!r rod5ts are play+ havoc ) y\r treasures :ile y nev] suspect x4 ,s _m ( ! vegetables c be kept1 = ei!r "p or all ( ! w9t]1 t ,i %all take !m up 9 ord]1 ) brief directions4 ,_m1 su* z gre5 beans1 rhub>b1 tomatoes1 etc41 :i* _c be kept 9 ! ord9>y ways1 may be easily & *eaply cann$1 & :]e "o has a good cell>1 x w c]ta9ly pay to get a cann+ outfit & make use ( ?is me?od4 ,beans3--,almo/ all ! /r+ & snap beans1 :5 dri$ 9 ! pods1 are excell5t = cook+4 ,& any pods :i* h n be5 ga!r$ 9 ! gre5 /ate %\ld be pick$1 z soon z dry 7z wet wea!r is likely to m\ld or spr\t !m71 & /or$ 9 a dry place1 or spread on a b5* 9 ! sun4 ,!y w keep1 ei!r %ell$ or 9 ! dry pods1 = w9t]4 ,beets3--,9 ,octob]1 be=e ! fir/ h>d fro/s1 take up & /ore 9 a cool cell>1 9 clean1 p]fectly dry s&1 or 9 pits outside 7see ,cabbage72 d n cut (f ! long tap roots1 nor ! tops close en\gh to cause any ble$+4 ,brussels spr\ts3--,^! are improv$ by freez+1 & may be us$ f ! op5 g>d5 until ,decemb]4 ,if want$ lat]1 /ore !m ) cabbage1 or hang up ! /alks 9 bun*es 9 a cold cell>4 ,cabbage3--,if only a few heads are to be /or$1 a cool cell> w d4 ,ev5 if :]e !y w be slightly froz51 !y w n be injur$1 s long z !y d n freeze & ?aw repeat$ly4 ,!y %\ld n be tak5 9 until !re is dang] ( sev]e freez+1 z !y w keep bett]1 & a little fro/ improves ! flavor4 ,= /or+ small quantities outdoors1 dig a tr5*1 a foot or s deep1 9 a well dra9$ spot1 wide en\gh to admit two heads side by side4 ,pull up ! cabbages1 )\t remov+ ei!r /ems or out] leaves1 & /ore side by side1 head d[n1 9 ! bottom ( ! tr5*4 ,n[ cov] ov] lightly ) /raw1 mead[ hay1 or any refuse :i* w keep ! dirt f freez+ to ! cabbages1 & !n cov] ov] ! :ole ) e>?1 to ! dep? ( sev]al in*es1 b all[+ ! top ( ! roots to rema9 expos$1 :i* w facilitate digg+ !m up z requir$4 ,d n bury ! cabbage until z late z possible be=e sev]e freez+1 z a spell ( w>m wea!r w\ld rot x4 ,c>rots3--,treat 9 ! same way z beets4 ,!y w n be hurt by a slight freez+ ( ! tops1 be=e be+ dug1 b c>e mu/ be tak5 n to let ! roots become t\*$ by fro/4 ,cel]y3--,t :i* is to be us$ e>ly is blan*$ outside1 by bank+1 z describ$ 9 ,*apt] ,,xi1 & z cel]y w /& a little freez+1 w be us$ directly f ! g>d54 ,= ! portion to be kept ov] w9t]1 provide boxes ab\t a foot wide1 & ne>ly z deep z ! cel]y is high4 ,cov] ! bottoms ( ^! boxes ) two or ?ree in*es ( s&1 & wet ?or\ghly4 ,^u ?is /& ! cel]y upright1 & pack$ close toge!r4 ,9 tak+ up ! cel]y = /or+ 9 ?is way1 ! roots & :atev] e>? adh]es to !m are kept on1 n cut1 z x is b\ght 9 ! /ores4 ,! boxes are !n /or$ 9 a cell>1 or o!r d>k1 dry1 cold place :]e ! temp]ature w n g m ?an five degrees bel[ freez+4 ,! cel]y w be ready = use aft] ,*ri/mas4 ,if a long succession is want$1 /ore f ! op5 two or ?ree diff]5t times1 say at ! end ( ,octob]1 fir/ "p ( ,novemb] & ! latt] "p ( ,novemb]4 ,cucumb]s1 ,melons1 ,egg-plant3--,:ile !re is no way ( /or+ ^! = any great l5g? ( "t )\t rec\rse to artificial cold1 !y may be _h = "s "t by /or+ j be=e ! fir/ fro/s 9 a cool1 d>k cell>1 c>e be+ tak5 9 h&l+ ! fruits to give !m no bruises4 ,onions3--,if ! onions got a good e>ly />t 9 ! spr+1 ! tops w beg9 to die d[n by ! middle ( ,augu/4 ,z soon z ! tops h turn$ yell[ & )]$ !y %\ld be pull$1 on ! fir/ cle> dry day1 & laid 9 w9dr[s 7?ree or f\r r[s 9 "o71 b n heap$ up4 ,!y %\ld be turn$ ov] frequ5tly1 by h& or ) a wood5 rake1 & remov$ to a %$ or b>n floor z soon z dry1 :]e ! tops c be cut (f4 ,keep !m spread out z mu* z possible1 & give !m op5 v5tilation until dang] ( fro/4 ,!n /ore 9 a dry place & keep z cool z possible )\t freez+4 ,a few b>rels1 ) holes knock$ 9 ! sides1 w d well = a small quantity4 ,p>sley3--,take up a few plants & keep 9 a fl[]-pot or small box1 9 ! kit*5 w9d[4 ,p>snips3--,^! w /ay 9 ! gr\nd )\t injury all w9t]1 b "p ( ! crop may be tak5 up late 9 ! fall & /or$ ) beets1 c>rots & turnips1 to use :ile ! gr\nd is froz54 ,potatoes3--,:5 ! v9es h di$ d[n & ! sk9 ( ! new potatoes has become some:at h>d5$1 !y c be dug & /or$ 9 a cool1 dry cell> at once4 ,be sure to give pl5ty ( v5tilation until dang] ( fro/4 ,keep f ! light1 z ?is has ! effect ( mak+ ! potatoes bitt]4 ,if !re is any sign ( rot among ! tub]s1 d n dig !m up until x has /opp$4 ,squa% & ,pumpk9s3--,! prop] conditions = /or+ = w9t] w be indicat$ by ! dry+ & %r9k+ ( ! /em4 ,cut !m f ! v9es1 be+ c>eful nev] to break (f ! /em1 turn ov]1 rub (f ! dirt & leave ! "u side expos$ to a few days' sunlight4 ,!n c>ry 9 a spr+ wagon1 or spr+ :eelb>r[1 cov]$ ) old bags or hay to keep f any bruises4 ,/ore 9 ! drye/ "p ( ! cell>1 & if possible :]e ! temp]ature w n g bel[ =ty degrees4 ,leave !m on ! v9es 9 ! field z late z possible1 :ile escap+ fro/s4 ,tomatoes3--,j be=e ! fir/ fro/s are likely to beg91 pick all ( ! be/ ( ! unrip5$ fruits4 ,place "p ( ^! on clean /raw 9 a coldframe1 giv+ protection1 :]e !y w gradually rip5 up4 ,place o!rs1 t are fully develop$ b n ripe1 9 /raw 9 ! cell>4 ,9 ?is way fre% tomatoes may frequ5tly be _h z late z ,*ri/mas4 ,turnip3--,^! roots1 if desir$1 c be /or$ z are beets or c>rots4 ,x is h>d to reta9 our int]e/ 9 a ?+ :5 mo/ ( its usefulness has gone by4 ,x is = t reason1 ,i suppose1 t "o sees s _m =sak5 & we$-gr[n g>d5s e autumn1 :]e 9 ! spr+ ev]y?+ 0 neat & clean4 ,b !re are two v excell5t reasons :y ! vegetable g>d5 %\ld n be s ab&on$--to say no?+ ( appe>ances6 ,! fir/ is t _m vegetables cont9ue to gr[ until ! heavy fro/s come2 & ! second1 t ! c>eless g>d5] :o ?us =sakes 8 po/ is s[+ no end ( tr\ble = himself = ! com+ ye>4 ,= we$s left to !mselves1 ev5 late 9 ! fall1 gr[ 9 ! cool moi/ wea!r ) a/oni%+ rapidity1 &1 almo/ be=e "o realizes x1 trans=m ! well kept g>d5 into a ragg$ wild]ness1 :]e ! intrud]s h tak5 su* a /rong foo?old t !y _c be pull$ up )\t te>+ ev]y?+ else ) !m4 ,s we let !m g--&1 left to !mselves1 !y accompli% _! purpose 9 life1 & leave ^u ! gr\nd an ev5ly di/ribut$ supply ( plump ripe se$s1 :i* next spr+ w cause ! p]5nial exclamation1 ,m]cy1 ,john1 :]e did all ^! we$s come f8 ,& ,john replies1 ,i don't "k2 we kept ! g>d5 clean la/ summ]4 ,i ?9k !re mu/ be we$ se$s 9 ! f]tiliz]4 ,d n let up on y\r fight ) we$s1 = e good vegetable t is left ov] c be put to "s use4 ,"h & !re 9 ! g>d5 w be a /rip t has gone by1 & z x is n[ too late to plant1 we j let x g4 ,yet n[ is ! "t we %\ld be prep>+ all su* spots = )/&+ next summ]'s dr\?6 ,y may rememb] h[ /rongly 0 emphasiz$ ! necessity = hav+ abundant humus 7decay$ vegetable matt]7 9 ! soil--h[ x acts l a sponge to reta9 moi/ure & keep ?+s gr[+ ?r\gh ! long1 dry spells :i* we seem to be sure ( gett+ e summ]4 ,s take ?\ght = next ye>4 ,buy a bu%el ( rye1 & z fa/ z a spot 9 y\r g>d5 c be clean$ up1 h>r[1 dig or rake x ov]1 & s[ ! rye on broadca/4 ,j en\gh loose surface dirt to cov] x & let x spr\t1 is all x asks4 ,if ! wea!r is dry1 & y c get a small roll]1 roll x 9 to ensure bett] g]m9ation4 ,x w come up quickly2 x w keep out ! we$s :i* o!rwise w\ld be tak+ possession ( ! gr\nd2 x w gr[ until ! gr\nd is froz5 solid & beg9 aga9 ) ! fir/ w>m spr+ day2 x w keep y\r g>d5 f wa%+ out 9 heavy ra9s1 & capture & save f be+ wa%$ away & wa/$ a good deal ( left-ov] plant food2 x w s]ve z j s mu* real manure = y\r g>d52 x w improve ! me*anical condition ( ! soil1 & x w add ! important elem5t ( humus to x4 ,9 addition to ^! ?+s1 y w h an attractive & luxuriant g>d5 spot1 in/ead ( an unsightly b>e "o4 ,& 9 cle>+ (f ^! pat*es = rye1 bew>e ( wa/e4 ,if y h h5s1 or by *ance a pig1 !y w reli% old heads ( lettuce1 old pea-v9es1 /ill gre5 aft] ! la/ pick+1 & ! /umps & out] leaves ( cabbage4 ,ev5 if y h n ?is means ( utiliz+ y\r g>d5's by- products1 d n let !m g to wa/e4 ,put ev]y?+ into a squ>e pile--old sods1 we$s1 vegetable tops1 refuse1 dirt1 leaves1 lawn sweep+s--any?+ t w rot4 ,tread ?is pile d[n ?or\ghly2 give x a soak+ once 9 a :ile if )9 rea* ( ! hose1 & two or ?ree turn+s ) a =k4 ,next spr+ :5 y are look+ = e available p\nd ( manure ) :i* to enri* y\r g>d51 ?is compo/ heap w /& y 9 good /ead4 ,burn n[ y\r old pea-bru%1 tomato poles & ev]y?+ t is n wor? keep+ ov] = next ye>4 ,d n leave ^! ?+s ly+ ar\nd to h>bor & protect eggs & insects & we$ se$s4 ,if any bean-poles1 /akes1 trellises or supports seem 9 good en\gh condition to s]ve ano!r ye>1 put !m "u cov] n[2 & see t all y\r tools are pick$ up & put 9 "o place1 :]e y c f9d !m & ov]haul !m next ,febru>y4 ,z soon z y\r surplus pole beans h dri$ 9 _! pods1 take up poles & all & /ore 9 a dry place4 ,! beans may be tak5 (f lat] at y\r leisure4 ,be c>eful to cut d[n & burn 7or put 9 ! compo/ heap7 all we$s ar\nd y\r f5ces1 & ! edges ( y\r g>d51 be=e !y rip5 se$4 ,if ! sugge/ions giv5 are foll[$1 ! vegetable g>d5 may be /ret*$ f> into ! w9t]4 ,b d n re/ at t4 ,beg9 to plan n[ = y\r next ye>'s g>d54 ,put a pile ( dirt :]e x w n be froz51 or dri$ out1 :5 y want to use x next ,febru>y = y\r e>ly se$s4 ,if y h no hotb$1 fix ! frames & get ! sa%es = "o n[1 s x w be ready to h& :5 ! gr\nd is froz5 solid & cov]$ ) sn[ next spr+4 ,if y h made g>d5 mi/akes ?is ye>1 be plann+ n[ to rectify !m next--)\t progress !re is no fun 9 ! game4 ,let next spr+ f9d y ) y\r plans all made1 y\r mat]ials all on h& & a fix$ resolution to h ! be/ g>d5 y h ev] _h4 ,"p ,?ree--,fruits & ,b]ries ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,! ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,pome ,,& ,,/one ,,fruits ,_m a home g>d5] :o has succe$$ well ) vegetables is1 = "s reason or o!r1 /ill fe>some ab\t try+ 8 h& at gr[+ 8 own fruit4 ,?is is all a mi/ake2 ! initial exp5se is v slight 7fruit trees w co/ b tw5ty-five to =ty c5ts ea*1 & ! b]ry bu%es only ab\t f\r c5ts ea*71 & ! same am\nt ( c>e t is dem&$ by vegetables1 if giv5 to fruit1 w produce apples1 pea*es1 pe>s & b]ries f> sup]ior to any t c be b\ght1 especially 9 flavor4 ,i "k a doctor 9 ,new ,york1 a speciali/1 :o has atta9$ prom95ce 9 8 pr(ession1 & :o makes a l>ge income2 he tells me t !re is no?+ 9 ! city t hurts him s mu* z to h to pay out a nickel :5ev] he wants an apple4 ,8 boyhood home 0 on a ,p5nsylvania f>m1 :]e apples 7 z free z wat]1 & he _c get ov] ! idea ( _! be+ "o ( ,nature's graci\s gifts1 any m ?an he c ov]come 8 hank]+ = t crisp1 juicy1 uncloy+ flavor ( a good apple1 :i* is n q equal$ by ! ta/e ( any o!r fruit4 ,& yet x is n ! sav+ 9 exp5se1 al?\gh t is consid]able1 t makes ! /ronge/ argum5t = gr[+ "o's own fruit4 ,!re are ?ree o!r reasons1 ea* ( m importance4 ,fir/ is quality4 ,! comm]cial gr[] _c af=d to gr[ ! v f9e/ fruit4 ,_m ( ! be/ v>ieties are n l>ge en\gh yield]s to be available = 8 use1 & he _c1 on a l>ge scale1 s prune & c>e = 8 trees t ! individual fruits receive ! greate/ possible am\nt ( sun%9e & ?9n+ out--! p]sonal c>e t is requir$ = ! v be/ quality4 ,second1 !re is ! beauty & ! value t well kept fruit trees add to a place1 no matt] h[ small x is4 ,an apple tree 9 full bloom is "o ( ! mo/ beautiful pictures t ,nature ev] pa9ts2 & if1 ?r\gh any tra9 ( circum/ances1 x ev] becomes advisable to sell or r5t ! home1 its desirability is greatly enhanc$ by ! few trees necess>y to furni% ! lovel9ess ( %[]+ blossoms 9 spr+1 welcome %ade 9 summ] & an abundance ( delici\s fruits ?r\gh autumn & w9t]4 ,!n !re is ! fun ( do+ x--( plant+ & c>+ = a few "y trees1 :i* w rew>d y\r labors1 9 a cumulative way1 = _m ye>s to come4 ,b en\gh ( reasons4 ,if ! call ( ! soil is 9 y\r ve9s1 if y\r f+]s 7& y\r bra97 9 ! spr+time it* to h a "p 9 e>?'s ev]-wond]ful r5asc5ce1 if y\r lips "p at ! ?\ght ( ! :ite1 firm1 too?some fle% ( a rip5$-on-!-tree r$ apple-- !n y mu/ h a home or*>d )\t delay4 ,& x is n a difficult task4 ,apples1 pe>s & ! /one fruits1 =tunately1 are n v p>ticul> ab\t _! soils4 ,!y take k9dly to any?+ betwe5 a s&y soil s loose z to be almo/ %ift+1 & heavy clay4 ,ev5 ^! soils c be made available1 b ( c\rse n )\t m "w4 ,& y ne$ little room to gr[ all ! fruit y\r family c possibly eat4 ,"t 01 :5 to speak ( an apple tree br\ght to m9d "o ( ^? old1 moss-b>k$ giants t s]v$ z a c>riage %$ & a summ] d9+-room1 decorat$ ) scy!s & rope sw+s1 requir+ ! s]vices ( a =ty-foot ladd] & a long-h&l$ pick] to ga!r ! fruit4 ,t day is gone4 ,9 its /ead h come ! l[-head$ /&>d & ! dw>f =ms4 ,! new types came z new in/itutions usually d1 "u prote/4 ,! wise said !y w\ld nev] be practical--! trees w\ld n get l>ge en\gh & teams c\ld n be driv5 "u !m4 ,b ! facts rema9$ t ! l[ trees are m easily & ?or\ghly c>$ =2 t !y d n take up s mu* room2 t !y are less expos$ to high w9ds1 & su* fruit z does fall is n injur$2 t ! l[ limbs %elt] ! roots & cons]ve moi/ure2 &1 above all1 t pick+ c be accompli%$ mu* m easily & ) less injury to f9e1 well rip5$ fruit4 ,! l[-head$ tree has come to /ay4 ,if y\r space w all[1 ! l[-head$ /&>ds w give y bett] satisfaction ?an ! dw>fs4 ,!y are long]-liv$1 !y are heal?i]1 & !y d n require ne>ly s mu* int5sive culture4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! dw>fs may be us$ :]e !re is little or no room = ! /&>ds4 ,if !re is no o!r space available1 !y may be put 9 ! vegetable or fl[] g>d51 & incid5tally !y are !n sure ( receiv+ "s ( t special c>e :i* !y ne$ 9 ! way ( f]tilization & cultivation4 ,z ,i h said1 any av]age soil w gr[ good fruit4 ,a gravelly loam1 ) a gravel subsoil1 is ! ideal4 ,d n ?9k f ?is1 h[ev]1 t all y h to d is buy a few trees f a nurs]y ag5t1 /ick !m 9 ! gr\nd & f y\r neglig5ce reap ! rew>ds t foll[ only intellig5t indu/ry4 ,! soil is b ! raw mat]ial :i* "w & c>e alone c trans=m1 ?r\gh ! m$ium ( ! gr[+ tree1 into ! desir$ result ( a cell> well /or$ ea* autumn ) fruit4 ,fruit trees h "o big advantage ov] vegetables--! gr\nd c be prep>$ = !m :ile !y are gr[+4 ,if ! soil w gr[ a crop ( clov] x is already 9 good %ape to furni% ! trees ) food at once4 ,if n1 manure or f]tiliz]s may be appli$1 & clov] or o!r gre5 crops turn$ "u dur+ ! fir/ two or ?ree ye>s ( ! trees' gr[?1 z w be describ$ lat]4 ,! fir/ ?+ to consid]1 :5 y h decid$ to plant1 is ! location y w give y\r trees4 ,plan to h pe>s1 plums1 *]ries & pea*es1 z well z apples4 ,= any ( ^! ! soil1 ( :atev] nature1 mu/ be well dra9$4 ,if n naturally1 !n tile or o!r artificial dra9age mu/ be provid$4 ,= only a few trees x w\ld probably answ] ! purpose to dig out l>ge holes & fill 9 a foot or eighte5 in*es at ! bottom ) small /one1 cov]$ ) gravel or scre5$ coal-c9d]s4 ,my own l& has a gravelly subsoil & ,i h n _h to dra94 ,!n ) ! apples1 & especially ) ! pea*es1 a too-%elt]$ slope to ! s\? is likely to />t ! fl[] buds prematurely 9 spr+1 only to result 9 total crop loss f late fro/s4 ,! diagram on ! next page sugge/s an arrangem5t :i* may be adapt$ to individual ne$s4 ,"o may see f x t ! apples are plac$ to ! nor?1 :]e !y w to "s ext5t %elt] ! re/ ( ! gr\nds2 ! pea*es :]e !y w n be coddl$2 ! pe>s1 :i* may be _h ^u qu9ce /ock1 :]e !y w n %ade ! vegetable g>d52 ! *]ries1 :i* are ! mo/ ornam5tal1 :]e !y may l5d a decorative effect4 ,& n[1 hav+ decid$ t we c--& w--gr[ good fruit1 & hav+ 9 m9d sugge/ions t w enable u to g out to-morr[ morn+ &1 ) an armful ( /akes1 m>k out ! locations1 ! next consid]ation %\ld be ! all-important "q ( :at v>ieties are mo/ successfully gr[n on ! small place4 ,illu/ration3 ,a sugge/$ arrangem5t ( fruit trees on ! small place4 ,,ed4 ,unable to recreate 9 text =mat4 ,! foll[+ selections are made ) ! home fruit g>d51 n ! comm]cial or*>d1 9 m9d4 ,:ile !y are all tri$ & true sorts1 succe$+ g5]ally 9 ! nor!a/1 ,new ,engl& & we/]n fruit sections1 rememb] t fruits1 z a rule1 ?\gh n s p>ticul> z vegetables ab\t soil1 seem mu* m s ab\t locality4 ,i w\ld sugge/1 !re=e1 submitt+ y\r li/1 be=e buy+1 to y\r ,/ate ,exp]im5t ,/ation4 ,y are tax$ = its support2 get "s direct result f x4 ,!re !y w be glad to advise y1 & are 9 ! be/ position to help y get />t$ prop]ly4 ,above all1 d n buy f ! travel+ nurs]y ag5t1 ) 8 grip full ( wond]ful li?ographs ( new & unhe>d-( novelties4 ,get ! catalogue ( sev]al reliable nurs]ies1 take /&>d v>ieties ab\t :i* y "k1 & buy direct4 ,sev]al ye>s ago ,i _h ! opportunity to g c>efully ov] "o ( ! l>ge/ fruit nurs]ies 9 ! c\ntry4 ,e c>e & precaution 0 tak5 to gr[ f9e1 heal?y1 "y trees4 ,! presid5t told me t !y sold ?\s&s e ye> to small] conc]ns1 to be resold aga9 ?r\gh field & local ag5ts4 ,yet !y d an enorm\s retail bus9ess !mselves1 & ( c\rse _! own cu/om]s get ! be/ trees4 ,! foll[+ are li/$1 z ne>ly z ,i c judge1 9 ! ord] ( _! popul>ity1 b z _m ( ! be/ are n valuable comm]cially1 !y are little kn[n4 ,:5ev] y f9d a p>ticul>ly good apple or pe>1 try to trace x1 & add x to y\r li/4 ,,apples ,)\t any "q1 ! apple is f> & away ! mo/ valuable fruit1 bo? because ( its great] scope ( usefulness & its long] season--! la/ ( ! w9t]'s ,russets are /ill juicy & firm :5 ! fir/ ,e>ly ,h>ve/s & ,r$ ,a/ra*ans are tempt+ ! "y idea to exp]im5t ) colic4 ,plant b a small proportion ( e>ly v>ieties1 = ! late ones are bett]4 ,out ( a doz5 trees1 ,i w\ld put 9 "o e>ly1 ?ree fall1 & ! re/ w9t] sorts4 ,among ! summ] apples are sev]al des]v+ special m5tion3 ,yell[ ,transp>5t is ! e>lie/4 ,x is an old favorite & "o ( ! mo/ easily gr[n ( all apples4 ,its color is indicat$ by ! "n1 & x is a fair eat+-apple & a v good cook]4 ,r$ ,a/ra*an1 ano!r fir/ e>ly1 is n q s good = cook+1 b is a delici\s eat+-apple ( good size4 ,an apple ( m rec5t introduction & extremely h>dy 7hail+ fir/ f ,russia71 & already replac+ ! above sorts1 is ,livl& 7,livl& ,raspb]ry74 ,! tree is ( good =m1 v vigor\s & heal?y4 ,! fruit is ready almo/ z soon z ,yell[ ,transp>5t1 & is ( mu* bett] quality = eat+4 ,9 appe>ance x is exceptionally h&some1 be+ ( good size1 regul> =m & hav+ ^? beautiful r$ %ades f\nd almo/ exclusively 9 ! lat] apples4 ,! fle% is quality is fully up to its appe>ance4 ,! :ite1 crisp-break+ fle%1 mo/ aromatic1 delici\sly sub-acid1 makes x ideal = eat+4 ,a neighbor ( m9e sold #djf wor? ( fruit f tw5ty trees to "o deal]4 ,= su* a spl5did apple ,mc,intosh is rem>kably h>dy & vigor\s1 succe$+ ov] a v wide t]ritory1 & climate sev]e en\gh to kill _m ( ! o!r new] v>ieties4 ,! ,fameuse 7widely kn[n z ! ,sn[7 is an excell5t v>iety = nor!rn sections4 ,x resembles ! ,mc,intosh1 :i* "s claim to be d]iv$ f x4 ,fall ,pipp91 ,p\nd ,sweet & ,tw5ty ,ounce1 are o!r popul> late autumns4 ,9 ! w9t] section1 ,baldw91 :i* is too well kn[n to ne$ describ+1 is ! lead+ comm]cial v>iety 9 _m apple di/ricts1 & x is a good v>iety = home gr[+ on acc\nt ( its h>d9ess & good cook+ & keep+ qualities2 b = ! home or*>d1 x is f> surpass$ 9 quality by sev]al o!rs4 ,9 nor!rn sections1 d[n to ! corn l9e1 ,nor!rn ,spy is a great favorite4 ,x is a l>ge1 r\ndi% apple1 ) ?91 t5d]1 glossy sk91 light to deep c>m9e ov] light yell[1 & an excell5t keep]4 ,9 sections to :i* x is adapt$ x is a p>ticul>ly vigor\s1 compact1 upright gr[]4 ,jona?an is ano!r spl5did sort1 ) a wid] range ( conditions favorable = gr[?4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 n a /rong-gr[+ tree & is some:at unc]ta9 9 matur+ its fruit1 :i* is a bright1 cle> r$ ( di/9ctive flavor4 ,x likes a soil ) m clay ?an d mo/ apples4 ,9 ! ,middle ,we/ & ,middle ,s\?1 ,grimes 7,gold57 has made a great local reputation 9 _m sections1 al?\gh 9 o!rs x has n done well at all4 ,! ,spitz5b]g 7,esopus7 is v ne> ! top ( ! li/ ( all late eat+-apples1 be+ at its prime ab\t ,decemb]4 ,x is ano!r h&some yell[-cov]$ r$ apple1 ) fle% slightly yell[i%1 b v good to ! ta/e4 ,! tree1 un=tunately1 is n a robu/ gr[]1 be+ especially weak 9 its e>li] /ages1 b ) good cultivation x w n fail to rew>d ! gr[] = any extra c>e x may h requir$4 ,^!1 & ! o!r notable v>ieties1 :i* !re is n room "h to describe1 make up ! foll[+ li/1 f :i* ! plant] %\ld select accord+ to locality3 ,e>lie/ or ,summ]3--,e>ly ,h>ve/1 ,yell[ ,transp>5t1 ,r$ ,a/ra*an1 ,b5oni 7new71 ,*5ango1 ,sweet ,b\gh1 ,williams' ,favorite1 ,e>ly ,/rawb]ry1 ,livl& ,raspb]ry4 ,e>ly ,autumn3--,alex&]1 ,du*ess1 ,port]1 ,grav5/e91 ,mc,intosh ,r$4 ,late ,autumn3--,jeff]ies1 ,fameuse 7,sn[71 ,maid5's ,blu%1 ,weal?y1 ,fall ,pipp91 ,p\nd ,sweet1 ,tw5ty ,ounce1 ,cox ,orange1 ,hubb>d/on4 ,w9t]3--,baldw91 ,rhode ,isl& ,gre5+1 ,nor?we/]n ,gre5+1 ,jona?an1 ,nor!rn ,spy1 ,yell[1 ,swa>1 ,delici\s1 ,wag5]1 ,k+1 ,esopus1 ,spitz5b]g1 ,yell[ ,bellfl[]1 ,w9t] ,banana1 ,seek-no-fur!r1 ,talman ,sweet1 ,roxbury ,russett1 ,k+ ,david1 ,/ayman's ,w9esap1 ,wolf ,riv]4 ,,pe>s ,pe>s are m p>ticul> ?an apples 9 ! matt] ( be+ adapt$ to sections & soils4 ,submit y\r li/ to y\r ,/ate ,exp]im5t ,/ation be=e ord]+ trees4 ,_m ( ! /&>d sorts may be _h :]e a l[-gr[+1 spread+ tree is desir$ 7= in/ance1 qu9ce-/ock pe>s might be us$ to *ange places ) ! plums74 ,v>ieties suitable = ?is me?od are li/$ bel[4 ,!y are giv5 approximately 9 ! ord] ( ! rip5+3 ,wild]3 ,e>ly ,augu/1 m$ium 9 size1 light yell[1 excell5t quality4 ,does n rot at ! core1 z s _m e>ly pe>s are liable to d4 ,m>g>et3 ,oblong1 gre5i%1 yell[ to dull r$4 ,clapp ,favorite3 ,v l>ge1 yell[ pe>4 ,a great be>] & good keep]--:]e ! *ildr5 _c get at x4 ,h[ell3 ,a little lat] ?an ! =ego+2 l>ge1 bright yell[1 /rong-gr[+ tree & big be>]4 ,du*esse d',ang\leme3 ,l>ge gre5i% yell[1 sometimes rea*+ huge size2 w av]age bett] ?an ?ree-qu>t]s ( a p\nd4 ,! quality1 despite its size1 is spl5did4 ,seckel3 ,small 9 size1 b r5[n$ = exquisite flavor--be+ probably ! mo/ univ]sally admir$ ( all4 ,beurre ,sup]f9e3 ,octob]1 m$ium size1 excell5t quality4 ,b>tlett3 ,! be/ kn[n ( all pe>s1 & a univ]sal favorite4 ,succe$s 9 ne>ly all sections4 ,anj\3 ,"o ( ! be/ keep]s1 & v productive4 ,"o ( ! be/ 9 flavor1 ri* & v9\s4 ,= trees ( ! /&>d type ! foll[+ are wor?y ( note3 ,congress 7,s\v5ir du ,c473 ,a v l>ge summ] sort4 ,h&some4 ,belle ,lucrative3 ,septemb] to ,octob]4 ,w9t] ,nelis3 ,m$ium size1 b ( excell5t quality & ! longe/ keep]4 ,kieff]3 ,v popul> = its productiv5ess1 /r5g? ( gr[? & exceptional quality ( fruit = cann+ & pres]v+4 ,l>ge fruit1 if kept ?9n$4 ,%\ld h a place 9 e home g>d54 ,joseph9e de ,mal9es3 ,n a great yield] b ( ! v highe/ quality1 be+ ( ! f9e/ texture & tempt+ aroma4 ,,pea*es ,success ) pea*es also w dep5d l>gely ^u gett+ v>ieties adapt$ to climate4 ,! :ite-fle%$ type is ! h>die/ & be/ = eat+2 & ! free-/ones are = mo/ purposes1 especially 9 ! home g>d51 m desirable ?an ! cl+s4 ,gre5sboro is ! be/ e>ly v>iety4 ,craw=d is a univ]sal favorite & goes well ov] a wide range ( soil & climate4 ,*ampion is "o ( ! be/ quality pea*es & exceptionally h>dy4 ,elb]ta1 ,ray1 & ,hague are o!r excell5t sorts4 ,mayfl[] is ! e>lie/ sort yet introduc$4 ,,plums ,! available plums are ( ?ree classes--! natives1 ,europeans & ,japans2 ! natives are ! longe/-liv$1 h>di] 9 tree & blossom1 & heavi] be>]s4 ,! be/ e>ly is ,milton2 brilliant r$1 yell[ & juicy fle%4 ,wildgoose & ,:itak] are good seconds4 ,mrs4 ,clevel& is a lat] & l>g] sort1 ( f9] quality4 ,?ree late-rip5+ plums ( ! f9e/ quality1 b n su* prolific yield]s1 are ,wayl&1 ,b5son & ,re$1 & :]e !re is room = only a few trees1 ^! w be be/4 ,!y w ne$ "o tree ( ,newman or ,prairie ,fl[] ) !m to assure sett+ ( ! fruit4 ,( ! ,europeans1 use ,re9e ,claude 7! be/71 ,brad%aw or ,%rop%ire4 ,damson is also good4 ,! ,japanese v>ieties %\ld g on high gr\nd & be ?9n$1 especially dur+ _! fir/ ye>s4 ,my fir/ exp]i5ce ) ,japanese plums conv9c$ me t ,i _h solv$ ! plum problem2 !y bore loads ( fruit1 & 7 free f disease4 ,t 0 five ye>s ago4 ,la/ spr+ ! la/ "o 0 cut & burn$4 ,_h !y be5 plant$ at ! top ( a small hill1 in/ead ( at ! bottom1 z !y 71 & re/rict$ 9 _! be>+1 ,i "k f lat] exp]i5ce t !y w\ld /ill be produc+ fruit4 ,! mo/ satisfactory v>ieties ( ! ,japanese type are ,abundance & ,r$ ,june4 ,burbank is also highly recomm5d$1 ,,*]ries ,*]ries h "o advantage ov] ! o!r fruits--!y give quick] returns4 ,b1 z f> z my exp]i5ce goes1 !y are n z long-liv$4 ,! s\r type is h>di]1 at lea/ nor? ( ,new ,j]sey1 ?an ! sweet4 ,x w probably pay to try a few ( ! new & highly recomm5d$ v>ieties4 ,( ! e/abli%$ sorts ,e>ly ,ri*mond is a good e>ly1 to be foll[$ by ,montmor5cy & ,engli% ,morello4 ,w9dsor is a good sweet *]ry1 z are also ,black ,t>t>ian1 ,sox1 ,wood & ,yell[ ,spani%4 ,all ! v>ieties m5tion$ above are prov$ sorts4 ,b ! li/s are be+ add$ to con/antly1 & :]e !re is a novelty /rongly recomm5d$ by a reliable nurs]yman x w (t5 pay to try x out--on a v small scale at fir/4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi ,,plant+3 ,,cultivation3 ,,fill] ,,crops ,z ! p$igree & ! quality ( ! /ock y plant w h a great deal to d ) ! success or failure ( y\r adv5ture 9 or*>d+1 ev5 on a v small scale1 x is important to get ! be/ trees y c1 any:]e1 at any price4 ,b d n jump to ! conclusion t ! mo/ co/ly trees w be ! be/4 ,f reliable nurs]ym51 sell+ direct by mail1 y c get good trees at v reasonable prices4 ,z a g5]al ?+ y w succe$ be/ if y h no?+ to d ) ! p]5nial tree ag5t4 ,he may repres5t a good firm2 y may get y\r trees on "t2 he may h a novelty z good z ! /&>d sorts2 b y are tak+ ?ree v great *ances 9 assum+ s4 ,b1 leav+ ^! que/ions aside1 !re is no p>ticul> reason :y y %\ld help pay 8 travel+ exp5ses & ! pr9t+ bills = 8 li?ographs 7made f actual photographs or pa9t$ f nature1 ( c\rse67 :5 y c get ! be/ trees to be _h1 direct f ! soil 9 :i* !y are gr[n1 at ! l[e/ prices1 by ord]+ ?r\gh ! mail4 ,or1 bett] /ill1 if ! nurs]y is n too f> away1 take half a day (f & select !m 9 p]son4 ,if y want to help ! ag5t along pres5t him ) ! am\nt ( 8 commission1 b get y\r trees direct f "s l>ge reliable nurs]y4 ,well gr[n nurs]y /ock w /& mu* abuse1 b x w n be at all improv$ by x4 ,d n let y\rs /& ar\nd 9 ! sun & w9d1 wait+ until y get a *ance to set x out4 ,z soon z y get x home f ! express (fice1 unpack x & heel x 91 9 moi/1 b n wet1 gr\nd2 if "u a %$1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,dig out a n>r[ tr5* & pack x 9 z ?ick z x w g1 at an angle ( =ty-five degrees to ! natural position :5 gr[+4 ,s /or$1 x w keep a long "t 9 cold wea!r1 only be c>eful t no rats1 mice1 or rabbits rea* x4 ,d n1 h[ev]1 dep5d ^u ?is k to ! ext5t ( lett+ all y\r prep>ations = plant+ g until y\r /ock is on h&4 ,be ready to set x ! day x arrives1 if possible4 ,,plant+ ,plant+ c be done 9 ei!r spr+ or fall4 ,z a g5]al rule1 nor? ( ,philadelphia & ,/4 ,l\is1 spr+ plant+ w be be/2 s\? ( t1 fall plant+4 ,:]e !re is apt to be sev]e freez+1 heav+1 caus$ by ! alt]nate freez+ & ?aw+2 injury to ! newly set roots f too sev]e cold2 &1 9 "s we/]n sections1 sun-scald ( ! b>k1 are ?ree injuries :i* may result4 ,if trees are plant$ 9 ! fall 9 cold sections1 a l[ m\nd ( e>?1 six to twelve in*es high1 %\ld be left dur+ ! w9t] ab\t ea*1 & level$ d[n 9 ! spr+4 ,if set 9 ! spr+1 :]e hot1 dry wea!r is apt to foll[1 !y %\ld be ?or\ghly mul*$ ) litt]1 /raw or co>se manure1 to pres]ve moi/ure--c>e be+ tak51 h[ev]1 aga9/ field mice & o!r rod5ts4 ,! trees may ei!r be set 9 _! p]man5t positions z soon z b\ght1 or gr[n 9 nurs]y r[s by ! pur*as] = "o or two ye>s aft] be+ pur*as$4 ,9 ! =m] case1 x w be ! be/ policy to get ! /ronge/1 /raighte/ two-ye> /ock y c f9d1 ev5 if !y co/ t5 or fifte5 c5ts apiece m ?an ! m$iums4 ,! =m] me?od is ! usual "o1 b ! latt] has s _m advantages t ,i give x ! emphasis ( a sep>ate p>agraph1 & urge e prospective plant] to consid] x c>efully4 ,9 ! fir/ place1 !n1 y get y\r trees a little *eap]4 ,if y pur*ase = nurs]y r[ plant+1 six-foot to sev5-foot two-ye>-old apple trees1 ( ! /&>d sorts1 %\ld co/ y ab\t ?irty c5ts ea*2 "o-ye> buds1 six feet & bran*$1 five to t5 c5ts less4 ,?is ga91 h[ev]1 is n an important "o--!re are f\r o!rs1 ea* ( :i* makes x wor? :ile to give ! me?od a trial4 ,fir/1 ! trees be+ all toge!r1 & 9 a conv5i5t place1 ! *ances are a hundr$ to "o t y w give !m bett] att5tion 9 ! way ( spray+1 prun+ & cultivat+--all extremely important 9 ! fir/ ye>'s gr[?4 ,second1 ) ! ye> ga9$ = extra prep>ation ( ! soil :]e !y are to be plac$ p]man5tly1 y c make conditions j "r = !m to take hold at once & ?rive z !y c\ld n d o!rwise4 ,?ird1 ! %ock ( transplant+ w be mu* less ?an :5 !y are %ipp$ f a di/ance--!y w h made an additional gr[? ( d5se1 %ort roots & !y w h become acclimat$4 ,f\r?1 y w n h wa/$ space & "t ) any backw>d black %eep among ! lot1 z ^! %\ld be disc>d$ at ! second plant+4 ,& !n !re is "o fur!r reason1 psy*ological p]haps1 b none ! less important2 y w wat* ^! little trees1 :i* are l>gely ! result ( y\r own labor & c>e1 :5 set 9 _! p]man5t positions1 mu* m c>efully ?an y w\ld ^? direct f ! nurs]y4 ,i "k1 bo? f exp]i5ce & obs]vation1 h[ _m ?rifty "y trees 9 ! home or*>d are done to an untimely dea? by *ildr51 c>eless workm51 & o!r animals4 ,s if y c put a twelve-mon? curb on y\r impati5ce1 get "o-ye> trees & set !m out 9 a /raight r[ "r 9 y\r vegetable g>d5 :]e !y w take up v little room4 ,keep !m cultivat$ j z ?or\ghly z ! re/ ( y\r gr[+ ?+s4 ,melons1 or beans1 or almo/ any l[-gr[+ vegetable c be gr[n close beside !m4 ,if y want y\r g>d5 to pay = y\r :ole lot ( fruit trees ?is season dig up a hole ab\t ?ree feet 9 diamet] :]ev] a tree is to g p]man5tly4 ,cut ! sod up f9e & "w 9 f\r or five good =kfuls ( well rott$ manure1 & on ^! places1 :5 x is w>m en\gh1 plant a hill ( lima pole-beans-! new sort nam$ ,giant-podd$ ,pole ,lima is ! be/ ,i h yet se54 ,place a /\t pole1 eight to t5 feet high1 firmly 9 ea* hole4 ,good lima beans are always 9 dem&1 & br+ high prices4 ,let u suppose t y\r trees are at h&1 ei!r direct f ! nurs]y or gr[+ 9 ! g>d54 ,y h select$1 if possible1 a moi/1 gravelly loam on a slope or slight elevation1 :]e x is naturally & p]fectly dra9$4 ,good soil dra9age is imp]ative4 ,co>se gravel 9 ! bottom ( ! plant+ hole w help out tempor>ily4 ,if ! l& is 9 clov] sod1 x w h ! ideal prep>ation1 especially if y c gr[ a pat* ( potatoes or corn on x "o ye>1 :ile y\r trees are gett+ fur!r gr[?4 ,9 su* l& ! holes w n h to be prep>$4 ,if1 h[ev]1 y are n =tunate en\gh to be able to devote su* a space to fruit trees1 & 9 ord] to h !m at all mu/ place !m along y\r wall or scatt]$ ?r\gh ! gr\nds1 y c /ill give !m an excell5t />t by enri*+ ! soil 9 spots be=eh&1 z sugge/$ above 9 gr[+ lima beans4 ,9 ! ev5t ( f9d+ ev5 ?is la/ way inapplicable to y\r l&1 ! foll[+ me?od w make success c]ta93 ,dig out holes ?ree to six feet 9 diamet] 7if ! soil is v h>d1 ! l>g] dim5sion71 & twelve to eighte5 in*es deep4 ,mix ?or\ghly ) ! excavat$ soil a good b>r[ful ( ! olde/1 f9e/ manure y c get1 comb9$ ) ab\t "o-f\r? or "o-fif? its weight ( ,s\? ,c>ol9a rock 7or acid phosphate1 if y _c get ! rock74 ,x is a good plan to compo/ ! manure & rock 9 advance1 or use ! rock z an absorb5t 9 ! /able4 ,fill 9 ! hole aga91 leav+ room 9 ! c5t] to set ! tree )\t b5d+ or cramp+ any roots4 ,:]e any ( ^! are injur$ or bruis$1 cut !m (f clean at ! injur$ spot ) a %>p knife4 ,%ort5 any t are long & /raggl+ ab\t "o-?ird to "o-half _! l5g?4 ,prop]ly gr[n /ock %\ld n be 9 any su* condition4 ,rememb] t a well plant$ tree w give m fruit 9 ! fir/ t5 ye>s ?an ?ree trees c>elessly put 94 ,get ! tree s t x w be "o to ?ree in*es deep] 9 ! soil ?an :5 gr[+ 9 ! nurs]y4 ,"w ! soil 9 firmly ab\t ! roots ) ! f+]s or a blunt wood5 tamp]2 d n be afraid to use y\r feet4 ,:5 ! roots are well cov]$1 firm ! tree 9 by putt+ all y\r weight ^u ! soil ar\nd x4 ,see t x is plant$ /raight1 & if ! :ip1 or small trunk1 is n /raight /ake x1 & tie x ) rye /raw1 raffia or /rips ( old clo?-nev] /r+ or wire4 ,if ! soil is v dry1 wat] ! root copi\sly :ile plant+ until ! soil is ab\t half fill$ 91 nev] on ! surface1 z t is likely to cause a cru/ to =m & keep out ! air s necess>y to heal?y gr[?4 ,prune back ! lead] ( ! tree-! top above ! fir/ lat]al bran*es1 ab\t "o-half4 ,pea* trees %\ld be cut back m sev]ely4 ,fur!r in=mation 9 reg>d to prun+1 & ! diff]5t ne$s ( ! v>i\s fruits 9 reg>d to ?is important matt]1 w be giv5 9 ! next *apt]4 ,,sett+ ,/&>d apple trees1 fully gr[n1 w require ?irty to =ty-five feet ( space betwe5 !m ea* way4 ,x takes1 h[ev]1 t5 or twelve ye>s aft] ! trees are set be=e all ( ?is space is ne$$4 ,a sy/em ( fill]s1 or int]-plant+1 has come into use z a result ( ?is1 :i* w give at lea/ "o hundr$ p] c5t1 m fruit = ! fir/ t5 ye>s4 ,small-gr[+ /&>ds1 /&>d v>ieties on dw>f /ock1 & also pea*es1 are us$ = ?is purpose 9 comm]cial or*>ds4 ,b ! pr9ciple may be appli$ ) equally good results to ! home or*>d1 or ev5 to ! plant+ ( a few scatt]$ trees4 ,! /&>d dw>fs give good satisfaction z p]man5t fill]s4 ,:]e space is v limit$1 or ! fruit mu/ g into ! g>d51 !y may be us$ 9 place ( ! /&>d sorts altoge!r4 ,! dw>f trees are1 z a rule1 n s long-liv$ z ! /&>ds1 & to d _! be/1 ne$ m c>e 9 f]tiliz+ & manur+2 b ! fruit is j z good2 j z mu*1 or m1 c be gr[n on ! same area2 & ! trees come into be>+ two to ?ree ye>s soon]4 ,!y co/ less to beg9 ) & are also easi] to c>e =1 9 spray+ & prun+ & 9 pick+ ! fruit4 ,,cultivation ,! home or*>d1 to give ! v f9e/ quality ( fruit1 mu/ be giv5 c>eful & ?or\gh cultivation4 ,9 ! case ( scatt]$ trees1 :]e x is n practicable to use a horse1 ?is c be giv5 by work+ a space f\r to six feet wide ab\t ea* tree4 ,e spr+ ! soil %\ld be loos5$ up1 ) ! cultivator or =k1 z ! case may be1 & kept /irr$ dur+ ! e>ly "p ( ! summ]4 ,unless ! soil is ri*1 a f]tiliz]1 high 9 pota% & n too high 9 nitrog51 %\ld be giv5 9 ! spr+4 ,manure & phosphate rock1 z sugge/$ above1 is z good z any4 ,9 case ! foliage is n a deep heal?y gre51 apply a few h&fuls ( nitrate ( soda1 work+ x into ! soil j be=e a ra91 ar\nd ea* tree4 ,ab\t ,augu/ #a/ ! cultivation %\ld be discont9u$1 & "s cov] crop s[n4 ,buck:eat & crimson clov] is a good comb9ation2 z ! =m] makes a rapid gr[? x w =m1 if roll$ d[n j z ! apples are rip5+1 a s(t cu%ion ^u :i* ! w9dfalls may drop )\t injury1 & w furni% en\gh protection to ! crimson clov] to c>ry x ?r\gh mo/ w9t]s1 ev5 9 cold climates4 ,9 addition to ! fill] crops1 :]e ! gr\nd is to be cultivat$ by horse1 potatoes may be gr[n betwe5 ! r[s ( trees2 or f9e hills ( melons or squa% may be gr[n ar\nd scatt]$ trees1 ?us1 incid5tally1 sav+ a great deal ( space 9 ! vegetable g>d54 ,or :y n gr[ a few extra fancy /rawb]ries 9 ! well cultivat$ spots ab\t ^! trees8 ,nei!r !y nor ! trees want ! gr\nd too ri*1 especially 9 nitrog51 & conditions suit+ ! "o w\ld be j "r = ! o!rs4 ,x may seem to ! beg9n] t fruit-gr[+1 ) all ^! ?+s to keep 9 m9d1 is a difficult task4 ,b x is n4 ,i ?9k ,i am p]fectly safe 9 say+ t ! rew>ds f no?+ else he c plant & c>e = are z c]ta91 & surely none are m satisfactory4 ,if y _c p]suade y\rself to try fruit on any l>g] plan1 at lea/ ord] half a doz5 dw>f trees 7!y w co/ ab\t tw5ty c5ts apiece1 & c be _h by mail74 ,!y w prove ab\t ! be/ pay+ inve/m5t y ev] made4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii ,,prun+1 ,,spray+1 ,,h>ve/+ ,! day has gone1 probably =ev]1 :5 sett+ out fruit trees & giv+ !m occasional cultivation1 pl[+ up ! or*>d once 9 sev]al ye>s1 w\ld produce fruit4 ,apples & pe>s & pea*es h occupi$ no pref]r$ position aga9/ ! g5]al invasion ( ! realm ( horticulture by insect & fung\s enemies4 ,! fruits h1 inde$1 suff]$ m ?an mo/ plants4 ,nev]!less !re is ?is enc\rag+ fact3 t1 ?\gh ! fruits may h be5 sev]ely attack$1 ! means we n[ h ( fight+ fruit-tree enemies1 if ?or\ghly us$1 z a rule are m c]ta9 ( accompli%+ _! purpose1 & keep+ ! enemies completely at bay1 ?an are simil> weapons 9 any o!r l9e ( horticultural "w4 ,) fruit trees1 z ) vegetables & fl[]s1 ! mo/ important precaution to be tak5 aga9/ insects & disease is to h !m 9 a heal?y1 ?riv+1 gr[+ condition4 ,x is a "p ( ,nature's law ( ! survival ( ! fitte/ t any backw>d or weakl+ plant or tree seems to fall fir/ prey to ! ravages ( de/ructive =ces4 ,= ^! reasons ! d\ble necessity ( ma9ta9+ at all times good f]tilization & ?or\gh cultivation w be se54 ,9 addition to ^! two factors1 c>eful att5tion 9 ! matt] ( prun+ is ess5tial 9 keep+ ! trees 9 a heal?y1 robu/ condition4 ,z expla9$ 9 a previ\s *apt]1 ! trees %\ld be />t$ "r by prun+ ! fir/ season to ! op5-head or vase %ape1 :i* furni%es ! maximum ( light & air to all p>ts ( ! tree4 ,?ree or f\r ma9 bran*es %\ld =m ! basis ( ! head1 c>e be+ tak5 n to h !m />t f directly opposite po9ts on ! trunk1 ?us =m+ a crot* & leav+ ! tree liable to splitt+ f w9ds or excessive crops4 ,if ! tree is once />t$ "r1 fur!r prun+ w give little tr\ble4 ,cut out limbs :i* cross1 or are likely to rub aga9/ ea* o!r1 or t are too close toge!r2 & also any t are brok51 decay$1 or injur$ 9 any way4 ,= trees ?us giv5 prop] att5tion f ! />t1 a %ort jackknife w be ! only prun+ in/rum5t requir$4 ,! case ( ! old or*>d is m difficult4 ,cutt+ out too _m ( ! old1 l>ge limbs at "o "t is sure to give a sev]e %ock to ! vitality ( ! tree4 ,a bett] plan is1 fir/1 to cut (f close all suck]s & all small new-gr[? limbs1 except a few ( ! mo/ promis+1 :i* may be left to be develop$ into l>ge limbs2 & !n z ^! new limbs gr[ on1 gradually to cut out1 us+ a f9e-too? saw & pa9t+ ! expos$ surfaces1 ! surplus old wood4 ,apples w ne$ m prun+ ?an ! o!r fruits4 ,pe>s & *]ries ne$ ! lea/2 cutt+ back ! ends ( limbs en\gh to keep ! trees 9 good =m1 ) ! removal ( an occasional bran* = ! purpose ( lett+ 9 light & air1 is all ! prun+ !y w require4 ,( c\rse trees gr[+ on ri* gr\nd1 & well cultivat$1 w require m cutt+ back ?an ^? gr[+ "u poor] conditions4 ,a fur!r purpose ( prun+ is to effect indirectly a ?9n+ ( ! fruit1 s t :at is gr[n w be l>g] & m valuable1 & also t ! trees may n become exhau/$ by a few exceptionally heavy crops4 ,on trees t h be5 neglect$ & gr[+ sl[ly ! b>k sometimes becomes h>d & set4 ,9 su* cases x w prove b5eficial to scrape ! b>k & give a wa% appli$ ) an old broom4 ,:itewa% is good = ?is purpose1 b soda or lye answ]s ! same purpose & is less disagreeably conspicu\s4 ,slitt+ ! b>k ( trunks & ! l>ge/ limbs is sometimes resort$ to1 c>e be+ tak5 to cut ?r\gh ! b>k only2 b su* practice is objectionable because x leaves ready access to "s =ms ( fung\s disease & to bor]s4 ,:]e extra f9e specim5s ( fruit are desir$1 ?9n+ is practic$4 ,x helps also to prev5t ! tree f be+ ov]tax$ by excessive crops4 ,b :]e prun+ is ?or\ghly done ?is tr\ble is usually avoid$4 ,pea*es & ,japan plums are especially b5efit$ by ?9n+1 z !y h a great t5d5cy to ov]be>4 ,! spread ( fruit diseases1 especially rot 9 ! fruit itself1 is also to "s ext5t *eck$4 ,( fruit-tree enemies !re are "s l>ge sorts :i* may d great damage 9 %ort ord]--rabbits & field mice4 ,!y may be kept away by me*anical protection1 su* z wire1 or by heap+ ! e>? up to a height ( twelve in*es ab\t ! tree trunk4 ,or !y may be caught ) poison$ baits1 su* z boil$ gra9 9 :i* a little ,r\gh on ,rats or simil> poison has be5 mix$4 ,! =m] me?od = ! small home g>d5 is little tr\ble1 saf] to ,fido & ,tabby1 & ! mo/ reliable 9 effect4 ,insects & scale diseases are n s easily manag$2 & t br+s u to ! "q ( spray+ & ( sprays4 ,= l>ge or*>ds ! spray mu/1 ( c\rse1 be appli$ ) p[]ful & exp5sive ma*9]y4 ,= ! small fruit g>d5 a mu* simpl] & v mod]ate pric$ app>atus may be acquir$4 ,! mo/ practical ( ^! is ! brass-tank compress$-air spray]1 ) ext5sion rod & mi/-spray nozzle4 ,or "o ( ! knapsack spray]s may be us$4 ,ei!r ( ^! w be ( great assi/ance n only ) ! fruit trees1 b ev]y:]e 9 ! g>d54 ,) c>e !y w la/ a good _m ye>s4 ,:atev] type y get1 be sure to get a brass ma*9e2 z *eap] ones1 made ( o!r metal1 quickly corrode f contact ) ! /rong poisons us$4 ,,apple ,,enemies ,! insects mo/ commonly attack+ ! apple are ! codl9-mo?1 t5t-cat]pill>1 cank]-worm & bor]4 ,! codl9-mo? lays its eggs on ! fruit ab\t ! "t ( ! fall+ ( ! blossoms1 & ! l>vae :5 hat*$ eat into ! "y fruit & cause ! ord9>y wormy apples & pe>s4 ,ow+ to ^! facts1 x is too late to rea* ! tr\ble by spray+ aft] ! calyx closes on ! gr[+ fruit4 ,keep close wat* & spray imm$iately ^u ! fall ( ! blossoms1 & repeat ! spray+ a week or s 7n m ?an two7 lat]4 ,= spray use ,p>is gre5 at ! rate ( #a lb41 or ars5ate ( lead 7pa/e or p[d]1 less ( ! latt]3 see accompany+ directions7 at ! rate ( #d lbs4 to #ajj gallons ( wat]1 be+ c>eful to h a ?or\gh mixture4 ,dur+ ,july1 tie /rips ( burlap or old bags ar\nd ! trunks1 & e week or s de/roy all cat]pill>s caught 9 ^! traps4 ,! t5t-cat]pill> may be de/roy$ :ile 9 ! egg /ate1 z ^! are pla9ly visible ar\nd ! small] twigs 9 circul>1 br[ni% masses4 7,see illu/ration47 ,^u hat*+1 also1 ! ne/s are obtrusively visible & may be wip$ out ) a swab ( old bag1 or burn$ ) a k]os5e tor*4 ,be sure to apply ?is treatm5t be=e ! cat]pill> beg9s to leave ! ne/4 ,! treatm5t recomm5d$ = codl9-mo?s is also effective = ! t5t-cat]pill>4 ,! cank]-worm is ano!r leaf-fe$+ enemy1 & c be tak5 c>e ( by ! ,p>is gre5 or ars5ate spray4 ,! railroad-worm1 a small :ite maggot :i* eats a small pa? 9 all directions ?r\gh ! rip5+ fruit1 _c be rea*$ by spray+1 z he />ts life inside ! fruit2 b :]e good clean tillage is practic$ & no fall5 fruit is left to lie & decay "u ! trees1 he is n apt to give mu* tr\ble4 ,! bor]'s pres5ce is indicat$ by ! dead1 )]$ appe>ance ( ! b>k1 b5ea? :i* he is at "w1 & also by small am\nts ( sawdu/ :]e he ent]$4 ,dig him out ) a %>p pocket-knife1 or kill him inside ) a piece ( wire4 ,! mo/ tr\blesome disease ( ! apple1 especially 9 wet seasons1 is ! apple-scab1 :i* disfigures ! fruit1 bo? 9 size & 9 appe>ance1 z x causes blot*es & di/ortions4 ,spray ) ,bordeaux mixture1 #e-e-ej1 or #c-c-ej 7see =mulas bel[7 ?ree times3 j be=e ! blossoms op51 j z !y fall1 & t5 days to two weeks aft] !y fall4 ,! second spray+ is consid]$ ! mo/ important4 ,! ,san ,jos scale is ( c\rse really an insect1 ?\gh 9 appe>ance x seems a disease4 ,x is mu* m injuri\s ?an ! untra9$ fruit gr[] w\ld suppose1 because indirectly s4 ,x is v t9y1 be+ r\nd 9 outl9e1 ) a rais$ c5t]1 & only ! size ( a small p9head4 ,:]e x has once obta9$ a good hold x multiplies v rapidly1 makes a scaly =mation or cru/ on ! bran*es1 & causes small r$-edg$ spots on ! fruit 7see illu/ration74 ,= trees once infe/$1 spray ?or\ghly bo? 9 fall1 aft] ! leaves drop1 & aga9 9 spr+1 be=e gr[? beg9s4 ,use lime-sulphur wa%1 or miscible oil1 "o "p to t5 ( wat]1 ?or\ghly mix$4 ,,*]ry ,,enemies ,s\r *]ries are m easily gr[n ?an ! sweet v>ieties1 & are less subject to ! attacks ( fruit enemies4 ,sweet *]ries are tr\bl$ by ! curculio1 or fruit-worm1 :i* attacks also pea*es & plums4 ,*]ries & plums may be spray$1 :5 mo/ ( ! blossoms are (f1 ) a /rong ars5ate ( lead solution1 #e to #h lbs4 to #ajj gals4 wat]4 ,9 addition to ?is treatm5t1 :]e ! worms h once got a />t1 ! beetles may be de/roy$ by spread+ a %eet ar\nd & b5ea? ! tree1 & e day or s %ak+ or j>r+ !m (f into x1 z describ$ bel[4 ,,pea* ,,enemies ,d n spray pea*es4 ,= ! curculio1 )9 a few days aft] ! fl[]s are (f1 take a l>ge %eet ( "s *eap mat]ial to use z a cat*]4 ,= l>ge or*>ds !re is a contrivance ( ?is sort1 m\nt$ on a :eelb>r[ frame1 b = ! home or*>d a c\ple ( %eets laid ^u ! gr\nd1 or "o ) a slit f "o side to ! c5t]1 w answ]4 ,if f\r %ort1 %>p-po9t$ /akes are fa/5$ to ! corn]s1 & ?ree or f\r /\t hooks & eyes are plac$ to reunite ! slit aft] ! %eet is plac$ ab\t ! tree1 ! "w c be m ?or\ghly done1 especially on unev5 gr\nd4 ,aft] ! %eet is plac$1 ) a /\t club or mallet1 padd$ ) a heavy sack or some?+ simil> to prev5t injury to ! b>k1 give a few %>p bl[s1 well up f ! gr\nd4 ,?is "w %\ld be done on a cl\dy day1 or e>ly 9 ! morn+--! cold] ! bett]--z ! beetles are !n inactive4 ,if a consid]able numb] ( beetles are caught ! op]ation %\ld be repeat$ e two or ?ree days4 ,cont9ue until ! beetles disappe>4 ,pea*es are tr\bl$ also by bor]s1 9 ?is case indicat$ by masses ( gum1 usually ab\t ! cr[n4 ,dig out or kill ) a wire1 z 9 ! case ( ! apple-bor]4 ,look ov] ! trees = bor]s e spr+1 or bett]1 e spr+ & fall4 ,ano!r pea* enemy is ! yell[s1 indicat$ by premature rip5+ ( ! fruit & ! =mation ( /unt$ leaf tufts1 ( a light yell[ color4 ,?is disease is contagi\s & has frequ5tly work$ havoc 9 :ole sections4 ,ow+ to ! "w ( ! ,agricultural ,dep>tm5t & ! v>i\s ,/ate organizations x is n[ held 9 *eck4 ,! only rem$y is to cut & burn ! trees & replant1 9 ! same places if desir$1 z1 ! disease does n seem to be c>ri$ by ! soil4 ,,pe> ,,enemies ,pe>s are sometimes affect$ ) a scab simil> to ! apple-scab1 & ?is is combat$ by ! same treatm5t--?ree spray+s ) ,bordeaux4 ,a blight :i* causes ! leaves sudd5ly to turn black & die & also kills "s small bran*es & produces sores or w\nds on l>ge bran*es & trunk1 (f]s ano!r difficulty4 ,cut out & burn all affect$ bran*es & scrape out all sores4 ,dis9fect all sores ) corrosive sublimate solution--#a to #ajjj--or ) a tor*1 & pa9t ov] at once4 ,,plum ,,enemies ,plums h _m enemies b =tunately !y c all be effectively *eck$4 ,fir/ is ! curculio1 to be treat$ z describ$ above4 ,= leaf-blight--spott+ & dropp+ (f ( ! leaves ab\t midsumm]--spray ) ,bordeaux )9 a week or s aft] ! fall+ ( ! blossoms4 ,?is treatm5t w also help to prev5t fruit-rot4 ,9 addition to ! spray+1 h[ev]1 ?9 out ! fruit s t x does n hang ?ickly en\gh = ! plums to come 9 contact ) ea* o!r4 ,9 a well kept & well spray$ or*>d black-knot is n at all likely to appe>4 ,x is v manife/ :]ev] x />ts1 caus+ ugly1 black1 di/ort$ kn>ls1 at fir/ on ! small] limbs4 ,remove & burn imm$iately1 & keep a %>p wat* = m4 ,z ?is disease is suppos$ to be c>ri$ by ! w9d1 see to x t no c>eless neighbor is supply+ y ) ! g]ms4 ,z w h be5 se5 f ! above1 spray+ poisons are ( two k9ds3 ^? t "w by contact1 :i* mu/ be us$ = mo/ suck+ insects1 & g]ms & fung\s diseases2 & ^? t poison int]nally1 us$ = leaf-eat+ insects4 ,( ! =m] sort1 ,bordeaux mixture is ! /&>d1 al?\gh )9 ! la/ few ye>s x has be5 to a consid]able ext5t replac$ by lime-sulphur mixtures1 :i* are describ$ bel[4 ,bordeaux is made 9 v>i\s =ms4 ,t usually us$ is ! #e-e-ej1 or #e lbs4 copp] sulphate1 #e lbs4 unslak$ lime1 #ej gals4 wat]4 ,to save ! tr\ble ( mak+ up ! mixture ea* "t x is ne$$ make a /ock solution z foll[s3 dissolve ! copp] sulphate 9 wat] at ! rate ( #a lb4 to #a gal4 ,?is %\ld be done ! day be=e1 or at lea/ sev]al h\rs be=e1 ! ,bordeaux is want$ = use4 ,susp5d ! sulphate cry/als 9 a clo? or old bag j bel[ ! surface ( ! wat]4 ,!n slake ! lime 9 a tub or tight box1 add+ ! wat] a little at a "t1 until ! :ole atta9s ! consi/5cy ( ?ick milk4 ,:5 necess>y1 add wat] to ?is mixture if x is kept too long2 nev] let x dry out4 ,:5 ready to spray1 p\r ! /ock copp] sulphate solution into ! tank 9 ! proportion ( #e gals4 to e #ej ( spray requir$4 ,add wat] to am\nt requir$4 ,!n add /ock lime solution1 fir/ dilut+ ab\t "o-half ) wat] & /ra9+4 ,! am\nt ( lime /ock solution to be us$ is det]m9$ z foll[s3 at ! druggi/'s get an ounce ( yell[ prussiate ( pota% dissolv$ 9 a p9t ( wat]1 ) a quill 9 ! cork ( ! bottle s t x may be dropp$ out4 7,x is poison47 ,:5 add+ ! /ock lime solution z direct$ above1 cont9ue until ! prussiate te/+ solution :5 dropp$ into ! ,bordeaux mixture w no long] turn br[n2 !n add a little m lime to be on ! safe side4 ,all ?is s\nds l a =midable task1 b x is q simple :5 y really get at x4 ,rememb] t all y ne$ is a few p\nds ea* ( quicklime & copp] sulphate1 an ounce ( prussiate ( pota% & a c\ple ( old kegs or l>ge pails1 9 :i* to keep ! /ock solutions1 ,lime-sulphur mixtures c be b\ght1 or mix$ by ! home or*>di/4 ,!y h ! advantages ov] ,bordeaux t !y d n discolor ! foliage or affect ! appe>ance ( ! fruit4 ,use accord+ to directions1 usually ab\t #a "p to #cj ( wat]4 ,^! may be us$ at ! same times & = ! same purposes z ,bordeaux4 ,lime-sulphur wa% is us$ l>gely 9 comm]cial or*>d+1 b x is a na/y mess to prep>e & mu/ be us$ 9 late fall or w9t]4 ,= ! home or*>d "o ( ! miscible oils n[ adv]tis$ w be f\nd m satisfactory4 ,:ile !y co/ m1 !re is no "t or exp5se = prep>ation1 z !y mix ) cold wat] & are imm$iately ready = use4 ,!y are easi] to apply1 m com=table to h&le1 & w n s quickly rot out pumps & spray+ app>atus4 ,l ! sulphur wa%1 use only dur+ late fall & w9t]4 ,k]os5e emulsion is made by dissolv+ ,ivory1 s(t1 :ale-oil1 or t> soap 9 hot wat] & add+ 7away f ! /ove1 please67 k]os5e 7or crude oil72 #a_/b lb4 soap1 #a gal4 wat]1 #b gals1 k]os5e4 ,imm$iately place 9 a pail & *urn or pump until a ?ick1 la!ry cream results4 ,?is is ! /ock solution3 = use1 dilute ) five to fifte5 times z mu* wat]1 accord+ to purpose appli$ =--on dormant fruit trees1 #e to #g times2 on foliage1 #aj or ev5 #ae4 ,( ! poisons = eat+-insects1 ars5ate ( lead is ! be/ = use 9 ! fruit or*>d1 because x w n burn ! foliage z ,p>is gre5 is apt to d1 & because x /ays on long]4 ,x c be us$ 9 ,bordeaux & lime-sulphur mixtures1 ?us kill+ two bugs ) "o spray4 ,x comes usually 9 ! =m ( a pa/e--?\gh !re is n[ a br& 9 p[d] =m 7:i* ,i h n yet tri$74 ,?is %\ld be work$ up ) ! f+]s 7x is n poison to t\*7 or a small wood5 paddle1 until ?or\ghly mix$1 9 a small quantity ( wat] & !n /ra9$ into ! spray]4 ,use1 ( ! pa/e =ms1 f "o- f\r? to "o lb4 9 #bj gals1 cle> wat]4 ,p>is gre5 is ! old /&>d4 ,) a mod]n du/] x may be bl[n on pure )\t burn+1 if c>efully done4 ,appli$ ?us x %\ld be put on dur+ a /ill morn+1 be=e ! dew goes4 ,x is saf] to use z a spray1 fir/ mak+ a pa/e ) a small quantity ( wat]1 & !n add+ balance ( wat]4 ,keep con/antly /irr$ :ile spray+4 ,if lime is add$1 weight = weight ) ! gre51 ! *ances ( burn+ w be greatly r$uc$4 ,= or*>d "w1 #a lb4 to #ajj gals4 wat] is ! usual /r5g?4 ,! accompany+ table w enable ! home or*>di/ to f9d quickly ! tr\ble )1 & rem$y =1 any ( 8 fruit trees4 ,! quality ( fruit w dep5d v l>gely ^u ! c>e ex]cis$ 9 pick+ & /or+4 ,pick+1 c>elessly done1 :ile x may n at ! "t %[ any visible bad results1 w result 9 poor keep+ & rot4 ,if ! tissue cells are brok51 z _m w be by r\gh h&l+1 !y w be ready to cause rott5 spots "u ! fir/ favorable conditions1 & !n ! rot w spread4 ,mo/ ( ! fruits ( ! home g>d51 :i* d n h to und]go %ipp+1 w be ( bett] quality :]e !y rip5 fully on ! tree4 ,pe>s1 h[ev]1 are (t5 rip5$ 9 ! d>k & aft] pick+1 especially ! w9t] sorts4 ,apples & pe>s = w9t] use %\ld be kept1 if possible1 9 a cold1 d>k place1 :]e !re is no artificial heat1 & :]e ! air w be moi/1 b nev] wet1 & :]e ! !rmomet] w n fall bel[ ?irty-two degrees4 ,^u exceptionally cold nights ! temp]ature may be kept up by us+ an oil /ove or lett+ 9 heat f ! furnace cell>1 if t is adjac5t4 ,9 su* a place1 /ore ! fruit loosely1 on v5tilat$ %elves1 n m ?an six or eight in*es deep4 ,if !y mu/ be kept 9 a heat$ place1 pack 9 tight boxes or b>rels1 be+ c>eful to put away only p]fect fruit1 or pack 9 s& or leaves4 ,o!rwise !y w lose mu* 9 quality by %rivel+1 due to lack ( moi/ure 9 ! atmosph]e4 ,) c>e !y may be _h 9 prime quality until late 9 ! foll[+ spr+4 ,,fruit ,,pe/ ,,rem$y ,,times ,,to ,,apply ,,& ,,:5 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,apple ,apple-scab ,bordeaux #e-e-ej1 or summ] #c4--;b ,b ,o--a ,b lime-sulphur spray ,f--f #ad d4 ,apple-maggot ,pick up & de/roy all 7,see key bel[47 or fall5 fruits ,railroad worm ,dig out or kill ) wire2 ,bor] se>* = 9 fall & spr+ ,codl9 mo? ,ars5ate ( lead1 #d 9 #ajj2 or ,p>is ,gre51 #a 9 #bjj4 #b4--;a ,b ,f-f ,burlap b&s on truck #bj d4 = traps dur+ ,july ,cank]worm ,same z above ,t5t- ,same z above1 also wipe out cat]pill> out or burn ne/s ,bli/]-mite ,lime-sulphur wa%2 k]os5e ,late fall or emulsion 7dilute #e times7 e>ly spr+4 or miscible oil 7#a 9 #aj gal47 ,bud-mo? ,ars5ate ( lead or ,p>is #b4--,:5 leaves ,gre5 appe>--b ,b ,o4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,*]ry ,leaf blight ,bordeaux #e-e-ej #d4--;b ,b ,c--a calyx closes--f #ae d--f #ae d4 ,curculio ,ars5ate ( lead1 #h 9 #ajj4 #a4--;a ,b ,f4 ,curculio cat*] 7see ,plum7 #c times a week ,black-knot ,cut out & burn at once 7see ,plum7 ,fruit-rot ,pick be=e fully ripe4 spread out 9 cool airy room ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,pea* ,bor] ,dig out or kill ) wire ,yell[s ,pull out & burn tree--replant ,curculio ,d n spray4 ,cat* on %eets 7see ,plum7 ,br[n-rot ,summ] lime-sulphur2 op5 prun+2 pick rott5 fruit #c4--,:5 fruit is half gr[n--f #aj d--f #aj d4 ,leaf-curl ,bordeaux #e-e-ej2 lime-sulphur #a--;b buds swell1 wa% fall or e>ly spr+4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,pe> ,blight ,cut out diseas$ bran*es2 clean out sores2 dis9fect ) corrosive sublimate #a 9 #ajjj2 pa9t ov] ,scab ,bordeaux #e-e-ej1 or summ] #b4--;b ,b ,o--a ,b sulphur 7see ,apple7 ,o--f #ad d4 ,bli/]-mite ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,plum ,leaf-blight ,bordeaux or summ] sulphur #a4--;,aft] fruits set4 ,fruit-rot ,same2 also ?9 fruits s z ,black-knot n to t\* 7see ,*]ry7 ,curculio also h neighbor+ trees clean$ up ,j> d[n on %eets /ret*$ b5ea? trees & de/roy a ,b ,f--cool morn+s-#c times a week4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- ,any ,san ,jos ,lime-sulphur wa%1 k]os5e ,late fall or scale emulsion1 #e times dilut$2 e>ly spr+4 miscible oil1 #a 9 #aj gals ,oy/]-%ell ,k]os5e emulsion ,may or ,june1 scale :5 "y :iti% lice appe>4 ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------- a-,aft]4 b-,be=e4 d-,days4 f-,foll[ up 94 ,b-,blossoms4 ,o-,op54 ,f-,fall4 ,d n let y\rself be disc\rag$ f gr[+ y\r own fruit by ! necessity = tak+ good c>e ( y\r trees4 ,aft] all1 y d n h to plant !m e ye>1 z y d vegetables1 & !y yield a spl5did return on ! small inve/m5t requir$4 ,d n fail to set out at lea/ a few ?is ye> ) ! full assurance t y\r satisfaction is gu>ante$ by ! facts 9 ! case4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii ,,b]ries ,,& ,,small ,,fruits ,besides ! tree-fruits discuss$ 9 ! prec$+ *apt]s1 !re is ano!r class :i* %\ld be repres5t$ 9 e home g>d5--! b]ries & small fruits4 ,^! h ! advantage ( occupy+ mu* less room ?an ! =m] d & are !re=e available :]e ! o!rs are n4 ,! me?ods ( giv+ b]ries prop] cultivation are n s g5]ally kn[n z ! me?ods us$ ) vegetables4 ,o!rwise !re is no reason :y a few ( ea* %\ld n be includ$ 9 e g>d5 ( av]age size4 ,_! requirem5ts are n exact+3 ! am\nt ( skill1 or r ( att5tion1 requir$ to c>e = !m is n m ?an t requir$ by ! ord9>y vegetables4 ,9 fact1 once !y are well e/abli%$ !y w dem& less "t ?an ! annual vegetables4 ,( ^! small fruits ! mo/ popul> & useful are3 ! /rawb]ry1 ! blackb]ry1 dewb]ry & raspb]ry1 ! currant1 gooseb]ry & grape4 ,! /rawb]ry is ! mo/ important1 & mo/ amateurs attempt its culture--_m1 h[ev]1 ) indiff]5t success4 ,?is is due1 p>tly at lea/1 to ! fact t _m me?ods are advocat$ by successful gr[]s1 & t ! beg9n] is n likely to pick out "o & /ick to x2 & fur!r1 t he is l$ to pay m att5tion to h[ _m lay]s he w h1 & at :at di/ance he w set ! plants1 ?an to prop] selection & prep>ation ( soil & o!r vital matt]s4 ,! soil %\ld be well dra9$ & ri*--a good g>d5 soil be+ suitable4 ,! /rawb]ries %\ld n foll[ sod or corn4 ,if y>d manure is us$ x %\ld be old & well rott$1 s z to be z free z possible f we$ se$s4 ,pota%1 9 "s =m 7see ,f]tiliz]s7 %\ld be add$4 ,! b$ %\ld be ?or\ghly prep>$1 s t ! plants1 :i* ne$ c>eful transplant+1 may take hold at once4 ,a good sunny exposure is pref]able1 & a spot :]e no wat] w collect is ess5tial4 ,! plants are gr[n f lay]s4 ,!y are tak5 9 two ways3 7#a7 by root+ ! runn]s 9 ! soil2 & 7#b7 by lay]+ 9 pots4 ,9 ! =m] me?od !y are ei!r all[$ to root !mselves1 or1 :i* gives decid$ly bett] results1 by select+ v9es f /rong plants & pu%+ !m lightly d[n into ! soil :]e ! new cr[n is to be =m$4 ,9 ! second me?od1 two-in* or ?ree-in* pots are us$1 fill+ ^! ) soil f ! b$ & plung+1 or bury+1 !m level ) ! surface1 j bel[ :]e ! cr[n is to be =m$1 & hold+ ! v9e 9 place ) a small /one1 :i* s]ves ! additional purpose ( m>k+ :]e ! pot is4 ,9 ei!r case ^! lay]s are made aft] ! fruit+ season4 ,,sett+ ,,! ,,plants ,9 us+ ! soil-root$ lay]s1 x is g5]ally m satisfactory to set !m out 9 spr+1 z soon z ! gr\nd c be work$1 al?\gh !y are sometimes set 9 e>ly fall--,augu/ or ,septemb]--:5 ! gr\nd is 9 v good condition1 s t a good gr[? c at once be made4 ,c>e %\ld be us$ 9 transplant+4 ,h ! b$ fre%2 keep ! plants out ( ! soil z %ort a "t z possible2 set ! plants 9 /raight1 & firm ! soil2 set j d[n to ! cr[n--d n cov] x4 ,if ! soil is dry1 or ! season late1 cut (f all old leaves be=e plant+2 also %ort5 back ! roots ab\t "o-?ird & be sure n to cr[d !m :5 sett+1 = :i* purpose a tr[el1 n a dibble1 %\ld be us$ if ! condition ( ! gr\nd makes ! use ( any implem5t necess>y4 ,if s dry t wat] mu/ be us$1 apply x 9 ! bottom ( ! hole4 ,if v hot & dry1 %ade = a day or two4 ,,me?ods ,,( ,,gr[+ ,i describe ! ?ree sy/ems mo/ valuable = ! home g>d53 7#a7 ! hill1 7#b7 ! matt$ r[1 & 7#c7 ! pot-lay]$4 7#a7 ,9 ! hill sy/em ! plants are put 9 s+le r[s1 or 9 b$s ( ?ree or f\r r[s1 ! plants "o foot ap>t & ! r[s1 or b$s1 two or ?ree feet ap>t4 ,9 ei!r case ea* plant is kept sep>ate1 & all runn]s are p9*$ (f z fa/ z !y =m1 ! idea be+ to ?r[ all ! /r5g? into "o /rong cr[n4 7#b7 ,9 ! matt$ r[ sy/em ! plants are set 9 s+le r[s1 & ! runn]s set 9 ! b$ at five or six in*es ea* side ( ! plants1 & !n tra9$ l5g?ways ( ! r[1 ?is mak+ x a foot or s wide4 ,! runn]s us$ to make ^! second>y cr[ns mu/ be ! fir/ ones s5t out by ! plants2 !y %\ld be sev]$ f ! p>5t plants z soon z well root$4 ,all o!r runn]s mu/ be tak5 (f z !y =m4 ,to keep ! b$s = a good second crop1 :]e ! space betwe5 ! r[s has be5 kept cultivat$ & clean1 cut out ! old plants z soon z ! fir/ crop ( b]ries is ga!r$1 leav+ ! new ones--lay]$ ! ye> be=e-- ab\t "o foot ap>t4 7#c7 ,! pot-lay]+ sy/em1 especially = a small numb] ( plants1 ,i consid] ! be/4 ,x w be se5 t by ! above sy/ems ! gr\nd is occupi$ ?ree ye>s1 to get two crops1 & ! /rawb]ry season is a %ort "o at be/4 ,by ?is ?ird sy/em ! /rawb]ry is made practically an annual1 & ! f9e/ ( b]ries are produc$4 ,! new plants are lay]$ 9 pots1 z describ$ above4 ,! lay]s are tak5 imm$iately aft] ! fruit is ga!r$2 or bett] /ill1 because e>li]1 a few plants are pick$ out especially to make runn]s4 ,9 ei!r case1 =k up ! soil ab\t ! plants to be lay]$1 & 9 ab\t fifte5 days !y w be ready to h ! pots plac$ "u !m4 ,! ma9 po9t is to h pot plants ready to g into ! new b$ z soon z possible aft] ! middle ( ,july4 ,^! are set out z 9 ! hill sy/em1 & all runn]s kept p9*$ (f1 s t a l>ge cr[n has be5 =m$ by ! "t ! gr\nd freezes1 & a full crop ( ! v be/ b]ries w be assur$ = ! foll[+ spr+4 ,! pot-lay]+ is repeat$ ea* ye>1 & ! old plants ?r[n out1 no attempt be+ made to get a second crop4 ,x w be obs]v$ t gr\nd is occupi$ by ! /rawb]ries only ! latt] half ( ! "o season & ! beg9n+ ( ! next1 leav+ ample "t = a crop ( e>ly lettuce1 cabbage or peas be=e ! plants are set1 say 9 #aiaa1 & = late cabbage or cel]y aft] ! b$ is ?r[n out1 9 #aiab4 ,?us ! gr\nd is made to yield ?ree crops 9 two ye>s--a v important po9t :]e g>d5 space is limit$4 ,,cultivation ,:atev] sy/em is us$--& ea* has its advocates--! /rawb]ry b$ mu/ be kept clean1 & att5tion giv5 to remov+ ! surplus runn]s4 ,cultivate frequ5tly en\gh to keep a du/ mul* betwe5 ! r[s1 z advocat$ = g>d5 crops4 ,at fir/1 aft] sett+1 ! cultivation may be z deep z ?ree or f\r in*es1 b z ! roots develop & fill ! gr\nd x %\ld be re/rict$ to two in*es at mo/4 ,:]e a horse is us$ a ,planet ,jr4 twelve-too? cultivator w be j ! ?+4 ,,mul*+ ,aft] ! gr\nd freezes1 & be=e sev]e cold sets 9 7ab\t ! #a/ to ! #ae? ( ,decemb]7 ! b$ %\ld be giv5 its w9t] mul*4 ,bog hay1 :i* may be obta9$ *eaply f "s ne>by f>m]1 is ab\t ! be/ mat]ial4 ,clean /raw w d4 ,cov] ! entire b$1 "o or two in*es ov] ! plants1 & two or ?ree betwe5 ! r[s4 ,if necess>y1 hold 9 place ) old bo>ds4 ,9 spr+1 b n be=e ! plants beg9 to gr[1 ov] ea* plant ! mul* is pu%$ aside to let x ?r\gh4 ,besides giv+ w9t] protection1 ! mul* acts z a clean ev5 support = ! b]ries & keeps ! roots cool & moi/4 ,,insects ,,& ,,disease ,= :ite-grub & cut-worm see pages else:]e 9 ! text4 ,= ru/1 :i* frequ5tly injures ! leaves s s]i\sly z to cause practical loss ( crop1 *oose h>dy v>ieties & *ange b$ frequ5tly4 ,spray+ ) ,bordeaux1 #e-e-ej1 f\r or five times dur+ fir/ season plants are set1 & second season j be=e & j aft] blossom+1 w prev5t x4 ,9 mak+ up y\r /rawb]ry li/ rememb] t "s v>ieties h imp]fect1 or pi/illate blossoms1 & t :5 su* v>ieties are us$ a r[ ( "s p]fect-fl[]+ 7bi- sexual7 sort mu/ be set e n9e to twelve feet4 ,,v>ieties ,new /rawb]ries are be+ introduc$ con/antly2 also1 !y v>y greatly 9 _! adaptation to locality4 ,!re=e x is difficult to advise z to :at v>ieties to plant4 ,! foll[+1 h[ev]1 h prov$ satisfactory ov] wide areas1 & may be dep5d$ ^u to give satisfaction4 ,e>ly crop3--,mi*el's ,e>ly1 ,hav]l&1 ,climax2 mid- season crop3--,buba* ,no4 #e1 ,br&yw9e1 ,m>%all1 ,nic4 ,ohm]1 ,wm4 ,belt1 ,gl5 ,m>y1 ,%>plesss2 late crop3--,! ,g&y1 ,sample1 ,le/] ,lovett4 ,! blackb]ry1 dewb]ry & raspb]ry are all treat$ 9 mu* ! same way4 ,! soil %\ld be well dra9$1 b if a little clayey1 s mu* ! bett]4 ,!y are plann$ pref]ably 9 e>ly spr+1 & set f ?ree or f\r to six or sev5 feet ap>t1 accord+ to ! v>iety4 ,!y %\ld be put 9 firmly4 ,set ! plants 9 ab\t z deep z !y h be5 gr[+1 & cut ! canes back to six or eight in*es4 ,if fruit is want$ ! same season z bu%es are set1 get a few extra plants--!y co/ b a few c5ts--& cut back to two feet or s4 ,plants fruit$ ! fir/ season are n likely to d well ! foll[+ ye>4 ,two plants may be set 9 a place & "o fruit$4 ,if ?is "o is exhau/$1 !n little w be lo/4 ,give clean cultivation frequ5tly en\gh to ma9ta9 a soil mul*1 z x is v necess>y to reta9 all ! moi/ure possible4 ,cultivation1 ?\gh frequ5t1 %\ld be v %all[ z soon z ! plants get a good />t4 ,9 v hot seasons1 if ! gr\nd is clean1 a summ] mul* ( old hay1 leaves or r\gh manure w be good = ! same purpose4 ,9 gr[+1 a good /\t /ake is us$ = ea* plant1 to :i* ! canes are ti$ ) "s s(t mat]ial4 ,or1 a /\t wire is /rung ! l5g? ( ! r[ & ! canes fa/5$ to ?is--a bett] way1 h[ev]1 be+ to /r+ two wires1 "o on ei!r side ( ! r[4 ,ano!r v important matt] is t ( prun+4 ,! plants if left to !mselves w ?r[ up altoge!r too mu* wood4 ,?is mu/ be cut out to f\r or five ( ! new canes & all ! canes t h borne fruit %\ld be cut & burn$ ea* season z soon z ?r\gh fruit+4 ,! canes1 = in/ance1 t gr[ 9 #aiaa w be ^? to fruit 9 #aiab1 aft] :i* !y %\ld be imm$iately remov$4 ,! new canes1 if !y are to be self-support+1 z sometimes gr[n1 %\ld be cut back :5 ?ree or f\r feet high4 ,x is be/1 h[ev]1 to give support4 ,9 ! case ( ^? v>ieties :i* make fruit+ side-%oots1 z mo/ ( ! black raspb]ries 7blackcaps7 d1 ! canes %\ld be cut back at two to ?ree feet1 & x is well also to cut back ^! side %oots "o-?ird to "o-half1 e>ly 9 ! spr+4 ,9 cold sections 7,new ,york or nor? ( x7 x is safe/ to give w9t] protection by lay+ d[n ! canes & giv+ !m a mul* ( r\gh mat]ial4 ,hav+ !m ne> ! gr\nd is 9 itself a great protection1 z !y w n be expos$ to sun & w9d & w sometimes be cov]$ ) sn[4 ,= mul*+1 ! canes are b5t ov] ne>ly at ! soil & a %ovelful ( e>? ?r[n on ! tips to hold !m d[n2 ! entire canes may !n be cov]$ ) soil or r\gh manure1 b d n put x on until freez+ wea!r is at h&4 ,if a mul* is us$1 x mu/ be tak5 (f be=e gr[? />ts 9 ! spr+4 ,,! ,,blackb]ry ,! l>ge-gr[+ sorts are set z mu* z six by eight feet ap>t1 ?\gh ) c>eful /ak+ & prun+ !y may be com=tably h&l$ 9 less space4 ,! small] sorts ne$ ab\t f\r by six4 ,:5 gr[? />ts1 ?9 out to f\r or five canes & p9* ^! (f at ab\t ?ree feet2 or1 if !y are to be put on wires or trellis1 !y may be cut :5 ti$ up ! foll[+ spr+4 ,cultivate1 mul* & prune z sugge/$ above4 ,blackb]ries w d well on a soil a little dry = raspb]ries & !y d n ne$ x q s ri*1 z 9 ?is case ! canes d n rip5 up suffici5tly by fall1 :i* is ess5tial = good crops4 ,if gr[+ rank !y %\ld be p9*$ back 9 late ,augu/4 ,:5 ty+ up 9 ! spr+1 ! canes %\ld be cut back to f\r or five feet & ! lat]als to n m ?an eighte5 in*es4 ,blackb]ry enemies d n d ext5sive injury1 z a rule1 9 well- c>$-= b$s4 ,! mo/ s]i\s are3 7#a7 ! ru/ or blight1 = :i* !re is no cure b c>efully pull+ & burn+ ! plants z fa/ z infe/$2 7#b7 ! blackb]ry-bu% bor]1 = :i* burn infe/$ canes2 & 7#c7 ! rec5tly introduc$ bramble flea-l\se1 :i* resembles ! gre5 plant-l\se or aphis except t x is a brisk jump]1 l ! flea-beetle4 ,! leaves twi/ & curl up 9 summ] & d n drop (f 9 ! fall4 ,on cold e>ly morn+s1 or wet wea!r1 :ile ! insects are sluggi%1 cut all infe/$ %oots1 collect+ !m 9 a tight box1 & burn4 ,,blackb]ry ,,v>ieties ,z ) ! o!r small fruits1 s _m v>ieties are be+ introduc$ t x is difficult to give a li/ ( ! be/ = home use4 ,any selections f ! foll[+1 h[ev]1 w prove satisfactory1 z !y are tri$-&-true3--,e>ly ,k+1 ,e>ly ,h>ve/1 ,wilson ,junior1 ,kittat9ny1 ,ra?burn1 ,snyd]1 ,erie4 ,,! ,,dewb]ry ,?is is really a trail+ blackb]ry & ne$s ! same culture1 except t ! canes are naturally sl5d] & trail+ & !re=e1 = g>d5 culture1 mu/ h support4 ,!y may be /ak$ up1 or a b>rel hoop1 support$ by two /akes1 makes a good support4 ,9 rip5+1 ! dewb]ry is t5 to f\rte5 days e>li] ?an ! blackb]ry1 & = t reason a few plants %\ld be includ$ 9 ! b]ry pat*4 ,premo is ! e>lie/ sort1 & ,lucretia ! /&>d4 ,,raspb]ry ,! black & ! r$ types are di/9ct 9 flavor1 & bo? %\ld be gr[n4 ,! blackcaps ne$ m room1 ab\t ?ree by six or sev5 feet2 = ! r$s ?ree by five feet w be suffici5t4 ,! blackcaps1 & a few ( ! r$s1 l ,cu?b]t1 ?r[ out fruit+ side bran*es1 & %\ld h ! ma9 canes cut back at ab\t two & a half feet to enc\rage ! gr[? ( ^! lat]als1 :i*1 9 ! foll[+ spr+1 %\ld be cut back to ab\t "o-?ird _! l5g?4 ,! soil = raspb]ries %\ld be clayey if possible1 & moi/1 b n wet4 ,,raspb]ry ,,enemies ,! orange ru/1 :i* attacks ! blackb]ry also1 is a s]i\s tr\ble4 ,pull up & burn all infe/$ plants at once1 z no good rem$y has z yet be5 f\nd4 ,! cut-worm1 especially 9 newly set b$s1 may sometimes prove de/ructive ( ! spr\t+ "y canes4 ,! raspb]ry-bor] is ! l>va ( a small1 flatti%1 r$-neck$ beetle1 :i* bores to ! c5t] ( ! canes dur+ summ] gr[?1 & kills !m4 ,cut & burn4 ,,raspb]ry ,,v>ieties ,( ! blackcaps1 ,gregg1 ,mc,cormick1 ,mung]1 ,cumb]l&1 ,columbian1 ,palm] 7v e>ly71 & ,eureka 7late71 are all good sorts4 ,r$s3 ,cu?b]t1 ,c>d9al 7new71 ,turn]1 ,reliance1 ,! ,k+ 7extra e>ly71 ,l\don 7late74 ,yell[3 ,gold5 ,que54 ,,currants ,! currant & gooseb]ry are v simil> 9 _! cultural requirem5ts4 ,a deep1 ri* & moi/ soil is ! be/--approa*+ a clayey loam4 ,!re ne$ be no fe> ( giv+ too mu* manure1 b x %\ld be well rott$4 ,pl5ty ( room1 pl5ty ( air1 pl5ty ( moi/ure1 secur$ :]e necess>y by a soil or o!r mul* 9 hot dry wea!r1 are ess5tial to ! production ( ! be/ fruit4 ,! currant w /& probably z mu* abuse z any plant ! home g>d5] w h to deal )4 ,/uck 9 a corn]1 smo!r$ 9 sod1 cr[d$ ) old wood1 /ripp$ by ! currant-worm1 x /ill /ruggles along f ye> to ye>1 ev] hopefully try+ to produce a meag] crop ( poor fruit4 ,b ^! are n ! sort y want4 ,al?\gh x is s t\gh1 no fruit w respond to good c>e m quickly4 ,to h x d well1 give x room1 f\r or five feet ea* way betwe5 bu%es4 ,manure x lib]ally2 give x clean cultivation1 & z ! season gets hot & dry1 mul* ! soil1 if y w\ld be c]ta9 ( a full-siz$1 full-flavor$ crop4 ,two bu%es1 well c>$ =1 w yield m ?an a doz5 half-neglect$ ones4 ,any:]e nor? ( ,new ,york a full crop e ye> may be made almo/ c]ta94 ,,prun+ ,,currants ,besides c>eful cultivation1 to insure ! be/ ( fruit x is necess>y to give "s ?\ght to ! matt] ( prun+4 ,! mo/ conv5i5t & ! mo/ satisfactory way is to keep x 9 ! bu% =m4 ,set ! plants s+ly1 ?ree or f\r feet ap>t1 & s cut ! new gr[?1 :i* is g5]\sly produc$1 z to reta9 a uni=m bu% %ape1 pref]ably r op5 9 ! c5t]4 ,! fruit is produc$ on wood two or m ye>s old4 ,!re=e cut out bran*es ei!r :5 v small1 or n until f\r or five ye>s lat]1 aft] x has borne two or ?ree crops ( fruit4 ,!re=e1 9 prun+ currants1 take out 7#a7 sup]flu\s "y gr[?2 7#b7 old h>d wood 7z new wood w produce bett] fruit72 & 7#c7 all weak1 brok51 dead or diseas$ %oots2 7#d7 dur+ summ]1 if ! tips ( ! "y gr[?s kept = fruit+ are p9*$ (f1 !y w rip5 up mu* bett]-- mean+ bett] fruit :5 !y be>2 7#e7 to ma9ta9 a good =m1 ! :ole plant may be cut back 7nev] m ?an "o-?ird7 9 ! fall4 ,9 special situations x may be advisable to tra9 ! currant to "o or a few ma9 /ems1 z aga9/ a wall2 ?is c be done1 b x is less conv5i5t4 ,also x br+s great] dang] f ! currant-bor]4 ,! black currant1 us$ almo/ entirely = cul9>y or pres]v+ purposes1 is entirely diff]5t f ! r$ & :ite ones4 ,!y are mu* l>g] & %\ld be put five to six feet ap>t4 ,"s ( ! fruit is borne on "o-ye>-old wood1 s ! %oots %\ld n be cut back4 ,moreov]1 old wood be>s z good fruit z ! new gr[?1 & ne$ n be cut out1 unless ! plant is gett+ cr[d$1 = sev]al ye>s4 ,z ! wood is mu* heavi] & /rong] ?an ! o!r currants1 x is advisable gradually to develop ! black currants into ! tree =m4 ,,enemies ,,( ,,! ,,currant ,! wor/ ( ^! is ! common currant-worm4 ,:5 he appe>s1 :i* w be indicat$ by holes eat5 9 ! l[] leaves e>ly 9 spr+1 g5]ally be=e ! plants bloom1 spray at once ) ,p>is gre54 ,if a second brood appe>s1 spray ) :ite hellebore 7if ?is is n all wa%$ (f by ! ra91 wipe f ! fruit :5 ga!r$74 ,= ! bor]1 cut & burn e infe/$ %oot4 ,exam9e ! bu%es 9 late fall1 & ^? 9 :i* ! bor]s are at "w w usually h a wilt$ appe>ance & be ( a br[ni% color4 ,,v>ieties ,,( ,,currants ,r$ ,dut*1 :ile old] & small] ?an "s ( ! new] v>ieties1 is h>di] & n s likely to be hurt by ! bor]4 ,london ,m>ket1 ,fay's ,prolific1 ,p]fection 7new71 & ,pr9ce ,alb]t1 are good sorts4 ,:ite ,grape is a good :ite4 ,naples1 & ,lee's ,prolific are good black sorts4 ,,! ,,gooseb]ry ,?is is giv5 practically ! same treatm5t z ! currant4 ,x is ev5 m important t x %\ld be giv5 ! coole/1 airie/1 location possible1 & ! mo/ moi/ soil4 ,ev5 a p>tially %ad$ situation w d1 b 9 su* situations extra c>e mu/ be tak5 to gu>d aga9/ ! mildew--:i* is m5tion$ bel[4 ,summ] mul*+ is1 ( c\rse1 ( special b5efit4 ,9 prun+ ! gooseb]ry1 x is be/ to cut out to a v few1 or ev5 to a s+le /em4 ,keep ! head op51 to all[ free circulation ( air4 ,! ext5t ( prun+ w make a great diff]5ce 9 ! size ( ! fruit2 if fruit ( ! l>ge/ size is want$1 prune v close4 ,all bran*es droop+ to ! gr\nd %\ld be remov$4 ,keep ! bran*es1 z mu* z possible1 f t\*+ ea* o!r4 ,,gooseb]ry ,,enemies ,! currant-worm attacks ! gooseb]ry also1 & is effectively h&l$ by ! ars5ate ( lead1 ,p>is gre5 or hellebore spray+1 m5tion$ above4 ,! great tr\ble 9 gr[+ gooseb]ries successfully is ! p[d]y mildew--a dirty1 :iti% fung\s gr[? cov]+ bo? fruit & leaves4 ,x is especially de/ructive ( ! =eign v>ieties1 ! culture ( :i*1 until ! adv5t ( ! potassium sulfide spray1 0 be+ practically ab&on$4 ,use #a oz4 ( potassium sulfide 7liv] ( sulphur7 to #b gals4 wat]1 & mix j be=e us+4 ,spray ?or\ghly ?ree or f\r times a mon?1 f ! "t ! blossoms are op5+ until fruit is ripe4 ,,gooseb]ry ,,v>ieties ,( ! native gooseb]ries--:i* are ! h>die/1 ,d[n+ & ,h\ghton's ,se$l+ are mo/ us$4 ,indu/ry is an ,engli% v>iety1 do+ well "h4 ,gold5 ,prolific1 ,*ampion1 & ,columbus1 are o!r good =eign sorts1 b only :5 ! mildew is successfully f\ght (f4 ,,! ,,grape ,no g>d5 is s small t !re _c be f\nd 9 x room = ?ree or f\r grape-v9es2 no fruit is m c]ta91 & few m delici\s4 ,if x is conv5i5t1 a situation fully expos$ to ! sun1 & slop+ slightly1 w be pref]able4 ,b any good soil1 provid$ only x is ri* & ?or\ghly dra9$1 w produce good results4 ,if a few v9es are to be set aga9/ walls1 or 9 o!r out-(-!-way places1 prep>e ! gr\nd = !m by excavat+ a good-siz$ hole1 putt+ 9 a foot ( coal c9d]s or o!r dra9age mat]ial1 & refill+ ) good heavy loam1 enri*$ ) old1 well rott$ manure & half a peck ( wood a%es4 ,= culture 9 ! g>d51 su* special prep>ation w n be necess>y--al?\gh1 if ! soil is n 9 good %ape1 x w be advisable slightly to enri* ! hills4 ,"o or two-ye> roots w be ! mo/ satisfactory to buy4 ,!y may be set 9 ei!r fall or spr+--! latt] "t1 = ,new ,york or nor?1 be+ g5]ally pref]able4 ,:5 plant+1 ! cane %\ld be cut back to ?ree or f\r eyes1 & ! roots %\ld also be %ort5$ back-- usually ab\t "o-?ird4 ,be sure to make ! hole l>ge en\gh1 :5 sett+1 to let ! roots spread naturally1 & "w ! soil 9 well ar\nd !m ) ! f+]s4 ,set !m 9 firmly1 by press+ d[n h>d ) ! ball ( ! foot aft] firm+ by h&4 ,!y are set ab\t six feet ap>t4 ,,grape ,,prun+ ,z /at$ above1 ! v9e is cut back1 :5 plant+1 to ?ree or f\r eyes4 ,! subsequ5t prun+--& ! read] mu/ at once di/+ui% betwe5 prun+1 & tra9+1 or ! way 9 :i* ! v9es are plac$--w det]m9e m ?an any?+ else ! success ( ! und]tak+4 ,grapes dep5d m ^u prop] prun+ ?an any o!r fruit or vegetable 9 ! g>d54 ,two pr9ciples mu/ be kept track ( 9 ?is "w4 ,fir/ pr9ciple3 ! annual crop is borne only on canes ( ! same ye>'s gr[?1 spr++ f wood ( ! previ\s season's gr[?4 ,second pr9ciple3 ! v9e1 if left to itself1 w set ?ree or f\r times ! numb] ( bun*es x c prop]ly mature4 ,z a result ( ^! facts1 ! foll[+ sy/em ( prun+ has be5 develop$ & mu/ be foll[$ = sure & full-siz$ crops4 7#a7 ,at "t ( plant+1 cut back to ?ree or f\r eyes1 & aft] ^! spr\t leave only "o 7or two7 ( !m1 :i* %\ld be /ak$ up4 7#b7 ,foll[+ w9t] 7,decemb] to ,m>*71 leave only "o cane & cut ?is back to ?ree or f\r eyes4 7#c7 ,second gr[+ season1 save only two canes1 ev5 if sev]al spr\t1 & tra9 ^! to /ake or trellis4 ,^! two v9es1 or arms1 bran*+ f ! ma9 /em1 =m ! f\ndation = ! "o-ye> canes t be> ! fruit4 ,h[ev]1 to prev5t ! v9e's sett+ too mu* fruit 7see second pr9ciple above7 ^! arms mu/ be cut back 9 ord] to limit ! numb] ( fruit-be>+ canes t w spr+ f !m1 !re=e3 7#d7 ,second w9t] prun+1 cut back ^! arms to eight or t5 buds-- & we h prep>$ = ! fir/ crop ( fruit1 ab\t =ty bun*es1 z ! fruit+ cane f ea* bud w be> two bun*es on ! av]age4 ,h[ev] ^! ma9 arms w n be> fruit+-canes ano!r ye> 7see fir/ pr9ciple above7 & !re=e3 7#e7 ,at ! ?ird w9t] prun+1 7a7 ( ! canes t bore fruit1 only ! ?ree or f\r ne>e/ ! ma9 /em or trunk are left2 7b7 ^! are cut back to eight or t5 buds ea*1 & 7c7 ev]y?+ else is ru?lessly cut away4 ,ea* succe$+ ye> ! same sy/em is cont9u$1 c>e be+ tak5 to rub (f1 ea* ,may1 buds or spr\ts />t+ on ! ma9 trunk or arms4 ,! wood1 9 addition to be+ cut back1 mu/ be well rip5$2 & ! wood does n rip5 until aft] ! fruit4 ,x !re=e sometimes becomes necess>y to cut out "s ( ! bun*es 9 ord] to ha/5 ! rip5+ ( ! re/4 ,at ! same "t ! application ( "s pota% f]tiliz] w be helpful4 ,if ! bun*es d n rip5 up quickly & pretty ne>ly toge!r1 ! v9e is ov]load$ & be+ damag$ = ! foll[+ ye>4 ,! matt] ( prun+ be+ ma/]$1 ! "q ( tra9+ is "o ( individual *oice4 ,poles1 trellises1 arbors1 walls--almo/ any?+ may be us$4 ,! mo/ conv5i5t sy/em1 h[ev]1 & ! "o ,i w\ld /rongly recomm5d = practical home g>d5+ = results1 is kn[n z ! 7modifi$7 ,kniff5 sy/em4 ,x is simplicity itself4 ,a /\t wire is /ret*$ five or six feet above ! gr\nd2 to ?is ! s+le ma9 trunks ( ! v9e run up1 & along x are /ret*$ ! two or ?ree arms f :i* ! fruit+-canes hang d[n4 ,!y occupy ! lea/ possible space1 s t g>d5 crops may be gr[n practically on ! same gr\nd4 ,i h nev] se5 x tri$1 b :]e g>d5 space is limit$ ,i %\ld ?9k t ! asp>agus b$ & ! ,kniff5 grape- arbor j describ$ c\ld be comb9$ to great advantage by plac+ ! v9es1 9 spaces left = !m1 directly 9 ! asp>agus r[4 ,( c\rse ! gr\nd w\ld h to be manur$ = two crops4 ,a #b-h-aj f]tiliz] is "r = ! grapes4 ,if us+ /able manure1 apply also a%es or "s o!r pota% f]tiliz]4 ,if ! old-fa%ion$ arbor is us$1 ! be/ way is to run ! ma9 trunk up ov] x & cut ! lat]als back ea* ye> to two or ?ree eyes4 ,! mo/ s]i\s grape tr\ble :i* ! home g>d5] is likely to enc\nt] is ! black-rot ,:]e only a few grapes are gr[n ! simple/ way ( ov]com+ ?is disease is to get a few doz5 *eap manila /ore-bags & fa/5 "o1 ) a c\ple ( t5-p5ny nails1 ov] ea* bun*4 ,cut ! m\? ( ! bag at sides & edges1 cov] ! bun*1 fold ! flaps =m$ ov] ! cane1 & fa/54 ,!y are put on aft] ! bun*es are well =m$ & ha/5 ! rip5+ ( ! fruit1 z well z protect+ x4 ,on a l>g] scale1 spray+ w h to be resort$ to4 ,use ,bordeaux1 #e-e-ej1 f ?ird leaf's appe>ance to middle ( ,july2 balance ( season ) ammoniacal copp] c>bonate4 ,! spray %\ld be appli$ 9 p>ticul> j be=e e ra9-- especially on ! season's gr[?4 ,besides ! spray+1 all trimm$- (f wood1 old leaves & twigs1 )]$ bun*es & grapes1 or mummies1 & refuse ( e description1 %\ld be c>efully rak$ up 9 ! spr+ & burn$ or buri$4 ,also give clean culture & keep ! ma9 /ems clean4 ,! grape completes ! li/ ( ! small fruits wor? :ile to ! av]age home g>d5]4 ,if y h n already exp]im5t$ ) !m1 d n let y\r g>d5 g long] )\t !m4 ,!y are all easily obta9$ 7none co/+ m ?an a few c5ts ea*71 & a v limit$ numb] w keep ! family table well suppli$ ) heal?y delicacies1 :i* o!rwise1 9 _! be/ v>ieties & condition1 c\ld n be _h at all4 ,! v>i\s op]ations ( sett+ out1 prun+ & spray+ w soon become z famili> z ^? 9 ! vegetable g>d54 ,!re is no reason :y e home g>d5 %\ld n h its few r[s ( small fruits1 yield+ _! delici\s h>ve/s 9 abundance4 ,,*apt] ,,xix ,a ,,cal5d> ,,( ,,op]ations ,"o ( ! greate/ difficulties 9 g>d5+ is to get ?+s />t$ ahead at ! prop] "t1 & yet ^u ! ?or\ghness ) :i* ?is is done ! success ( ! g>d5 mu/ dep5d1 9 l>ge measure4 ,! read] may rememb] t 9 a previ\s *apt] 7,*apt] ,,iv7 ! importance ( accurately plann+ ! "w ahead 0 emphasiz$4 ,i m5tion$ !re ! *eck li/ us$ to make sure t ev]y?+ w\ld be c>ri$ out1 or />t$ ahead at ! prop] "t--z ) ! s[+ ( se$s4 ,! foll[+ g>d5 op]ations1 giv5 mon? by mon?1 w s]ve n only z a timely rem9d] ( ?+s to be done1 b z ! basis = su* a *eck li/4 ,! importance ( ! prep>ations 9 all matt]s ( g>d5+1 is ( c\rse obvi\s4 ,,janu>y ,probably "o ( ! good resolutions made ) ! ,new ,ye> 0 a bett] g>d5 = ! com+ summ]4 ,! psy*ologi/s claim t ! only hope = resolutions is to nail !m d[n at ! />t ) an action--t seems to h m effect 9 mak+ an actual impression on ! bra94 ,s />t ! good "w along by s5d+ at once = sev]al ( ! lead+ se$ catalogues4 ,plant+ ,plan4 ,make out a li/ ( :at y are go+ to want ?is ye>1 & !n make y\r ,plant+ ,plan4 ,see ,*apt] ,,iv4 ,se$s4 ,ord] y\r se$4 ,d x n[ :ile ! se$sman's /ock is full2 :ile he is n ru%$2 :ile !re is ample "t to rectify mi/akes if any occur4 ,manures4 ,altoge!r too few amateur g>d5]s realize ! great importance ( procur+ e>ly e p\nd ( manures1 ( any k9d1 to be _h4 ,x (t5 may be _h *eaply at ?is "t ( ye>1 & by compo/+1 add+ phosphate rock1 & sev]al turn+s1 if y h any place "u cov] :]e x c be collect$1 y c d\ble its value be=e spr+4 ,frames4 ,ev5 at ?is season ( ! ye> d n fail to air ! frames well on w>m days4 ,practically no wat] w be ne$$1 b if ! soil does dry out suffici5tly to ne$ x1 apply e>ly on a bright morn+4 ,onions4 ,x w n be too e>ly1 ?is mon?1 to s[ onions = spr+ transplant+ outside4 ,get a packet ea* ( ,prizetak]1 ,ailsa ,craig1 ,mammo? ,silv]-sk91 or ,gigantic ,gibralt>4 ,lettuce4 ,s[ lettuce = spr+ crop "u glass or 9 frames4 ,fruit4 ,?is is a good mon? to prune grapes1 currants1 gooseb]ries & pea* trees1 to avoid ! ru% t w come lat]4 ,,febru>y ,hotb$s4 ,a little e>ly = mak+ !m until aft] ! #ae?1 b get all y\r mat]ial ready--manure1 select$ & /ack$2 lumb] ready = any new ones2 sa% all 9 good repair4 ,/>t+ ,se$s4 ,fir/ "p ( ! mon?1 e>lie/ plant+ ( cabbage1 caulifl[] & lettuce %\ld be made2 & two to f\r weeks lat] = ma9 e>ly crop4 ,at ?is "t also1 beets & e>lie/ cel]y4 ,tools4 ,ov]haul !m all n[2 ord] repairs4 ,get new catalogues & /udy new improvem5ts & k9ds y d n possess4 ,poles & bru%4 ,:e!r y use ! old-fa%ion$ sort 7n[ h>d] to obta9 ?an !y us$ to be7 or make y\r poles & use wire trellis = peas1 att5d to x n[4 ,fruit4 ,f9i% up la/ mon?'s "w1 if n all done4 ,also exam9e plum & *]ry trees = black-knot4 ,,m>* ,hotb$s4 ,if n made la/ ( ,febru>y1 %\ld be made at once4 ,"s ( ! se$ s[n la/ mon? w be ready = transplant+ & go+ into ! frames2 also lettuce s[n 9 ,janu>y4 ,radi% & c>rot 7=c+ v>ieties7 may be s[n 9 alt]nat+ r[s4 ,give mu* m air2 wat] on bright morn+s2 be c>eful n to h !m caught by sudd5ly cold nights aft] a bright w>m day4 ,se$-s[+ "u glass4 ,la/ s[+ ( e>ly cabbage & e>ly summ] cabbages 7l ,succession71 lettuce1 rhub>b 7= se$l+ plants71 caulifl[]1 radi%1 sp9a*1 turnip1 & e>ly tomatoes2 t[>ds la/ ( mon?1 late tomatoes & fir/ ( pepp]s1 & egg- plant4 ,sweet peas (t5 f9d a place 9 ! vegetable g>d52 />t a few e>ly1 to set out lat]2 !y w d bett] ?an if />t$ outside4 ,/>t tomatoes = gr[+ 9 frames4 ,= e>ly potatoes spr\t 9 s&4 ,plant+1 outside4 ,if an e>ly spr+1 & ! gr\nd is suffici5tly dry1 s[ onions1 lettuce1 beet1 radi%1 7sweet peas71 smoo? peas1 e>ly c>rot1 cabbage1 leek1 cel]y 7ma9 crop71 & turnip4 ,set out new b$s ( asp>agus1 rhub>b & sea-kale 7be sure to try a few plants ( ! latt]74 ,manure & =k up old b$s ( above4 ,fruit4 ,prune n[1 apple1 plum & pe> trees4 ,& ?is is ! la/ *ance = lime-sulphur & miscible-oil sprays4 ,,april ,n[ ! ru% is on6 ,plan y\r "w1 & "w y\r plan4 ,b d n yield to ! temptation to plant m ?an y c look out = lat] on4 ,rememb] x is mu* easi] to s[ se$s ?an to pull out we$s4 ,! ,frames4 ,air6 wat]6 & d n let ! gre5 plant-lice or ! :ite-fly get a gho/ ( a *ance to />t4 ,almo/ e day ! glass %\ld be lift$ entirely (f4 ,c>e mu/ be tak5 nev] to let ! soil or flats become dri$ out2 t[>d ! end ( ! mon?1 if x is bright & w>m1 beg9 wat]+ t[>ds ev5+ in/ead ( 9 e>ly morn+1 z y %\ld h be5 do+ ?r\gh ! w9t]4 ,if prop] att5tion is giv5 to v5tilation & moi/ure1 !re w n be mu* dang] f ! gre5 plant-l\se 7aphis7 & :ite-fly1 b at ! fir/ sign ( "o fight !m to a f9i%4 ,use k]os5e emulsion1 tobacco du/1 tobacco prep>ations1 or ,aph9e4 ,se$ s[+4 ,"u glass3 tomato1 egg-plant & pepp]s4 ,on sod3 corn1 cucumb]s1 melons1 e>ly squa%1 lima beans4 ,plant+1 outside4 ,onions1 lettuce1 beet1 etc41 if n put 9 la/ mon?2 also p>snip1 salsify1 p>sley1 wr9kl$ peas1 endive4 ,t[>d ! end ( ?is mon? 7or fir/ "p ( next7 second plant+s ( ^!4 ,set out plants ( e>ly cabbage 7& ! cabbage gr\p7 lettuce1 onion sets1 spr\t$ potatoes1 beets1 etc4 ,9 ! ,g>d54 ,cultivate betwe5 r[s ( s[$ crops2 we$ out by h& j z soon z !y are up en\gh to be se52 wat* = cut- worms & root-maggots4 ,fruit4 ,?9 out all old blackb]ry canes1 dewb]ry & raspb]ry canes 7if ?is 0 n done1 z x %\ld h be51 directly aft] ! fruit+ season la/ summ]74 ,be ready = fir/ spray+ ( e>ly- blossom+ trees4 ,set out new /rawb]ry b$s1 small fruits & fruit trees4 ,,may ,keep ahead ( ! we$s4 ,?is is ! mon? :5 ^? w>m1 s\?1 driv+ ra9s (t5 keep ! gr\nd too wet to "w = days at a "t1 & we$s gr[ by leaps & b\nds4 ,woe betide ! g>d5] ^: r[s ( spr\t+ onions1 beets1 c>rots1 etc41 once become gre5 ) wild turnip & o!r rapid-gr[+ intrud]s4 ,clean cultivation & slight hill+ ( plants set out are also ess5tial4 ,! ,frames4 ,^! w n ne$ s mu* att5tion n[1 b c>e mu/ be tak5 to gu>d t5d] plants1 su* z tomatoes1 egg-plant & pepp]s1 aga9/ sudd5 late fro/s4 ,! sa% may be left (f mo/ ( ! "t4 ,wat] copi\sly & (t54 ,plant+1 outside4 ,fir/ "p ( ! mon?3 e>ly beans1 e>ly corn1 okra & late potatoes may be put 92 & fir/ tomatoes set out --ev5 if a few are lo/--!y are readily replac$4 ,f9i% sett+ out cabbage1 lettuce1 caulifl[]1 beets1 etc41 f frames4 ,latt] "p ( mon?1 if w>m3 corn1 cucumb]s1 "s ( sods f frames & e>ly squa% z traps :]e late crop is to be plant$ or set4 ,fruit4 ,be on "t ) fir/ spray+s ( late-blossom+ fruits--apples1 etc4 ,rub (f f grape v9es ! %oots t are n want$4 ,,june ,frequ5t1 %all[ cultivation6 ,firm se$s 9 dry soil4 ,plant wax beans1 lima beans1 pole beams1 melons1 corn1 etc41 & successive crops ( lettuce1 radi%1 etc4 ,top-dress gr[+ crops t ne$ special manure 7su* z nitrate ( soda on onions74 ,prune tomatoes1 & cut out "s foliage = extra e>ly tomatoes4 ,t[>d end ( mon? set cel]y & late cabbage4 ,also s[ beans1 beets1 corn1 etc41 = e>ly fall crops4 ,spray :]e necess>y4 ,all[ asp>agus to gr[ to tops4 ,fruit4 ,att5d to spray+ fruit trees & currants & gooseb]ries4 ,make pot-lay]s ( /rawb]ries = ,july sett+4 ,,july ,ma9ta9 frequ5t1 %all[ cultivation4 ,set out late cabbage1 caulifl[]1 broccoli1 leeks & cel]y4 ,s[ beans1 beets1 corn1 etc41 = late fall crops4 ,irrigate :]e ne$$4 ,fruit4 ,p9* back new canes ( blackb]ry1 dewb]ry & raspb]ry4 ,rub (f second crop ( buds on grapes4 ,?9 out if too _m bun*es2 also on plums1 pea*es & o!r fruit too ?ick1 or t\*+4 ,pot-lay]$ /rawb]ries may be set out4 ,,augu/ ,keep ! g>d5 clean f late we$s--especially purslane1 ! hot- wea!r we$ pe/1 :i* %\ld be always remov$ f ! g>d5 & burn$ or rott$ d[n4 ,s[ sp9a*1 rutabaga turnip1 bu% beans & peas = la/ fall crop4 ,dur+ fir/ "p ( mon?1 late cel]y may /ill be put out4 ,s[ lettuce = e>ly fall crop1 9 frames4 ,fir/ lot ( endive %\ld be ti$ up = blan*+4 ,fruit4 ,/rawb]ries may be set1 & pot-lay]$ plants1 if want$ to be> a full crop ! foll[+ season1 %\ld be put 9 by ! ,?9 out & bag grapes4 ,,septemb] ,frames4 ,set 9 lettuce />t$ 9 ,augu/4 ,s[ radi%es & successive crop ( lettuce4 ,cool] wea!r beg9s to tell on late- plant$ crops4 ,give cabbage1 caulifl[]1 etc41 deep] cultivation4 ,h&le cel]y want$ = e>ly use4 ,h>ve/ & /ore onions4 ,get squa% "u cov] be=e fro/4 ,f ! #ae? to #be? s[ sp9a*1 onions1 borecole = w9t]+ ov]4 ,s[ d[n ?ickly to rye all plots z fa/ z cle>$ ( summ] crops2 or pl[ heavy l& 9 ridges4 ,att5d to dra9+4 ,fruit4 ,trees may be set4 ,procure b>rels = /or+ fruit 9 w9t]4 ,at h>ve/ "t x is (t5 impossible to get !m at any price4 ,,octob] ,get ready = w9t]4 ,blan* re/ ( endive4 ,bank cel]y1 to be us$ be=e ,*ri/mas1 :]e x is4 ,ga!r tomatoes1 melons1 etc41 to keep z long z possible4 ,keep especially clean & well cultivat$ all crops to be w9t]$ ov]4 ,late 9 ! mon? /ore cabbage & caulifl[]2 also beets1 c>rots1 & o!r root crops4 ,get boxes1 b>rels1 b9s1 s& or sphagnum moss ready be=eh&1 to save "t 9 pack+4 ,clean ! g>d52 /ore poles1 etc41 wor? keep+ ov]2 burn ev]y?+ else t w n rot2 & compo/ ev]y?+ t w4 ,fruit4 ,h>ve/ apples1 etc4 ,pick w9t] pe>s j be=e h>d fro/s1 & /ore 9 dry d>k place4 ,,novemb] ,frames4 ,make deep hotb$s = w9t] lettuce & radi%es4 ,con/ruct frames = use next spr+4 ,see t vegetables 9 cell>1 b9s1 & %$s are safe f freez+4 ,tr5* or /ore cel]y = spr+ use4 ,take 9 balance ( all root crops if any rema9 9 ! gr\nd1 except1 ( c\rse1 p>snip & salsify = spr+ use4 ,put r\gh manure on asp>agus & rhub>b b$s4 ,get mul* ready = sp9a*1 etc41 to be w9t]$ ov]1 if !y occupy expos$ locations4 ,fruit4 ,obta9 m>% or salt hay = mul*+ /rawb]ries4 ,cut out old wood ( cane-fruits--blackb]ries1 etc41 if n done aft] ga!r+ fruit4 ,look ov] fruit trees = bor]s4 ,,decemb] ,cov] cel]y /or$ la/ mon?1 if tr5*$ out-(-doors4 ,use only light1 loose mat]ial at fir/1 gradually cov]+ = w9t]4 ,put mul* on sp9a*1 etc4 ,fruit4 ,mul* /rawb]ries4 ,prune grape-v9es2 make fir/ application ( w9t] sprays = fruit trees4 ,,& ,,!n set ab\t procur+ manures ( all k9ds f e available s\rce4 ,rememb] t any?+ :i* w rot w add to ! value ( y\r manure pile4 ,muck1 lime1 old pla/]+1 sods1 we$s 7e>? & all71 /reet1 /able & y>d sweep+s--all ^! & num]\s o!rs w increase y\r g>d5 successes ( next ye>4 ,,*apt] ,,xx ,,conclusion ,x is ) a feel+ 9 :i* !re is some?+ ( fe> t ,i close ^! pages--fe> t _m ( ^? little ?+s :i* become second nature to ! gr[] ( plants & seem unimportant1 b :i* sometimes are j ! ?+s t ! beg9n] wants to "k ab\t1 may h be5 inadv]t5tly left out4 ,9 e op]ation describ$1 h[ev]1 ,i h tri$ to m5tion all necess>y details4 ,i w\ld urge ! read]1 nev]!less1 to /udy z ?or\ghly z possible all ! g>d5 problems ) :i* he w f9d himself confront$ & to ?is end recomm5d t he read sev]al ( ! _m g>d5 books :i* are n[ to be _h4 ,x mu/ be to 8 advantage to see ev5 ! same subjects pres5t$ aga9 f o!r po9ts ( view4 ,! m famili> he c make himself1 bo? 9 !ory & 9 practice1 ) all ! multitude ( op]ations :i* mod]n g>d5+ involves1 ! great] success w he atta94 ,p]sonally1 ! fur!r ,i h gone into ! gr[+ ( ?+s--& t has n[ become my bus9ess z well z my pleasure--! m absorb+ly int]e/+ ,i f9d x4 ,ea* season1 ea* crop1 (f]s its own problems & a rew>d = ! correct solution ( !m4 ,x is a "w :i*1 ev5 to ! beg9n]1 pres5ts ! opportunity ( d$uct+ new conclusions1 try+ new exp]im5ts1 mak+ new discov]ies4 ,x is a "w :i* (f]s pleasant & heal?y recreation to ! _m ^: days mu/ be1 = ! mo/ "p1 sp5t 9 (fice or %op2 & x gives v sub/antial help 9 ! _w-old problem ( mak+ bo? ends meet4 ,let ! g>d5 beg9n] be n disappo9t$ if he does n succe$1 = ! fir/ season or two1 or possibly ?ree1 ) ev]y?+ he plants4 ,!re is usually a prev5table reason = ! failure1 & /udi\s obs]vation w reveal x4 ,) ! mod]n success 9 ! application ( insecticides & fungicides1 & ! ext5sion ( ! practice ( irrigation1 ! subject ( g>d5+ beg9s to be r$uc$ to a sci5tific & 7:at is m to ! po9t7 a sure basis4 ,we are gett+ control ( ! unc]ta9 factors4 ,all ?is affects fir/1 p]haps1 ! p]son :o gr[s = pr(it1 b ) our pres5t wide circulation ( e new idea & discov]y 9 su* matt]s1 x mu/ rea* soon to e remote home g>d5 pat* :i* is c>$ = by a wide-awake g>d5]4 ,su* a p]son1 f ! fact t he or %e is read+ a new g>d5 book1 ,i take ! read] to be4 ,i hope ?is volume1 cond5s$ ?\gh x is1 has add$ to y\r fund ( practical g>d5 in=mation2 t x w help to gr[ t prov]bial second blade ( grass4 ,i h only to add1 z ,i turn aga9 to ! problems wait+ = me 9 field & "u glass1 t ,i wi% y all success 9 y\r "w--! mak+ ( bett] g>d5s 9 ,am]ica4