,,! ,,iri% ,,ecclesia/ical ,,record4 ,,septemb]1 #ahfe4 ,,dr4 ,,col5so ,,& ,,! ,,old ,,te/am5t4 ,,no4 ,,iv4 ,:o is !re among/ our read]s t has n at "s "t 9 8 life /ood ^u ! sea-%ore to wat* ! ris+ tide8 ,two mighty p[]s meet1 z x 7 9 conflict1 & ea* 9 its turn seems = a "t to prevail4 ,wave rolls aft] wave1 b ea* aga9 rec$es z if baffl$ 9 ! /ruggle & exhau/$ by ! ef=t4 ,at "o mom5t ! wat]s ga9 ^u ! l&2 !n 9 ! next ! l& w9s back all t x _h lo/2 & sometimes ev5 m besides4 ,x is only :5 "s prom95t l&m>k is rea*$1 :i* a little :ile ago /ood high & dry ^u ! bea*1 t we c no long] ent]ta9 a d\bt ( ! sure & /eady progress ( ! advanc+ flood4 ,su*1 z x seems to u1 is ! conflict :i* x is ! lot ( our age to witness betwe5 ! flood-tide ( infidelity & ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur* 9 ^! c\ntries4 ,! "o is aggressive1 ! o!r is /ruggl+ h>d to hold its own4 ,on bo? sides ! conte/ is c>ri$ on ) en]gy & p[]4 ,to a casual obs]v] x might p]haps seem t ! =tunes ( ea* are almo/ equal1 & ! victory unc]ta94 ,b to "o :o ext5ds ! range ( 8 vision & takes 9 ! di/ant l&m>ks1 x is pla9ly evid5t t "o by "o !y are fa/ disappe>+1 & t ! waves ( infidelity are sweep+1 sl[ly inde$1 b irresi/ibly1 ov] ! face ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*4 ,9 ! p]son ( ,dr4 ,col5so !y h rea*$ at l5g? ! episcopal b5*4 ,8 bre?r51 x is true1 h tak5 ! al>m1 & h made a %[ ( resi/ance1 b !y only demon/rate _! own weakness4 ,l ,canute ( old1 !y comm& ! wat]s to advance no fur!r1 b _! comm& is va9 & fruitless4 ,! great flood is /ill com+ 91 & !y :o b ye/]day 7 consid]$1 f _! high position1 f> remov$ f dang]1 are to-day surr\nd$ by ! waves4 ,9 ?is p]il\s crisis ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* alone af=ds a home ( undi/urb$ tranquillity to its *ildr51 a safe refuge to ! /rang]4 ,x /&s inde$ 9 ! mid/ ( ! dang]1 b its walls are too /rong to be %ak51 its f\ndation too solid to be und]m9$4 ,x has be5 built by its ,div9e ,f\nd] on a rock1 & ! ra9 may desc5d1 & ! floods come1 & ! w9ds bl[ & beat ^u t ,*ur*1 b x falle? n4 ,we h ! promise ( ,god1 t h] enemies %all n prevail aga9/ h]2 & !re=e we may look out f our impregnable =tress ^u ! surg+ bill[s ) ! same calm s5se ( security z ,noah _h :5 he look$ out f ! w9d[ ( ! ark on ! wat]s ( ! deluge4 ,b ?\gh ,god _h resolv$ t ,noah %\ld be sav$ f de/ruction :il/ all ar\nd 7 p]i%+1 yet ,noah 0 n sav$ )\t ! toil & lab\r ( 8 own h&s4 ,& s1 too1 ?\gh by a decree ( ,god1 error _c prevail aga9/ ,8 ,*ur*1 yet has he orda9$ t ! true fai? %\ld be ev] def5d$ by human skill & indu/ry4 ,we hope1 !re=e1 our read]s w p>don u if we return once aga9 to ! *>ges :i* ,dr4 ,col5so has br\ght aga9/ ! tru? ( ! ,bible4 ,! increase ( ! *ildr5 ( ,israel 9 ,egypt1 z repres5t$ 9 ! ,mosaic n>rative1 is ,dr4 ,col5so's fav\rite objection4 ,x is dress$ out ) ! mo/ elaborate +5uity & c>e4 ,x is set =? ) ev5 m ?an 8 usual confid5ce4 ,x is held up z1 9 itself1 suffici5t to de/roy ! hi/orical "* ( ! :ole n>rative4 ,by ?is objection1 !re=e1 we may fairly suppose t he is will+ to /& or fall4 ,we h already po9t$ out two fundam5tal errors 9 ! data f :i* x is d$uc$2 _m o!rs yet rema91 :i* we n[ proce$ to expose4 ,,iii4 ,!re are two suppositions :i* w\ld contribute v mu* to acc\nt = ! rapid increase ( ! ,israelites 9 ,egypt2 fir/1 int]m>riage ) ! ,egyptians2 secondly1 ! practice ( polygamy4 ,= ! purpose ( our def5ce x is q suffici5t t ^! two cu/oms 7 possible4 ,^u ,dr4 ,col5so x devolves to prove t !y did n prevail 9 po9t ( fact4 ,we may obs]ve1 h[ev]1 t ! ,p5tateu* indicates cle>ly en\gh ! exi/5ce ( su* practices4 ,judah m>ri$ a woman ( ,canaan 7,g541 xxxiii4 #b72 s did ,simeon 7xlvi4 #aj72 ,joseph m>ri$ an ,egyptian 7,g541 xli4 #be74 ,:y !n may we n suppose t _! *ildr5 int]m>ri$ ) =eign nations8 ,0 x impossible = !m to imitate ! example ( _! fa!rs8 ,we mu/ be> 9 m9d1 too1 t = #ajj ye>s at lea/1 ! ,hebrew p 7 high 9 fav\r at ! c\rt ( ,ph>aoh4 ,dur+ ! ye>s ( fam9e !y 7 support$ at ! royal exp5se 7,g541 xlv4 #aa2 xlvi4 #ab7 :ile ! ,egyptians _h to "p ) _! money1 _! cattle1 & ev5 _! l&1 to pay = food 7,g541 xlvii4 #ac-bf73 !y _h 8! be/ ( ! l&0 = _! dwell+ 7,g541 xlvii4 #f1 #aa73 above all1 !y _h = _! patron & fri5d1 _! k9sman1 ,joseph :o 0 8"l ( all ! h\se ( ,ph>aoh1 & rul] ?r\gh\t all ! l& ( ,egypt0 7,g541 xlv4 #h74 ,an alliance ) a race s weal?y & s fav\r$ mu/ h be5 eag]ly c\rt$ by ! ,egyptians3 &1 on ! o!r h&1 ! ,israelites w\ld n h be5 dispos$ to decl9e a connection :i* w\ld h /r5g!n$ _! position 9 ! c\ntry & increas$ _! influ5ce4 ,x does n appe> t int]m>riage ) ! ,egyptians 0 =bidd5 or ev5 disc\rag$4 ,on ! contr>y1 an intimate social int]c\rse seems to h exi/$ betwe5 ! two nations4 ,ev5 at ! v "t ( ! ,exodus1 we f9d t x 0 n unusual = ! ,hebrews to receive ! ,egyptians z gue/s or t5ants into _! h\ses4#a ,x is n an improbable supposition t su* close dome/ic relations might 9 _m in/ances lead to m>riage4 ,b we h positive evid5ce t m>riages ( ?is k9d actually did take place1 & are 9 no way repreh5d$4 ,?us we f9d m5tion made incid5tally ( 8! son ( an ,israeliti% woman01 ^: fa!r 0 an ,egyptian 7,lev41 xxiv4 #aj74 ,he 0 condemn$ to dea? = blasphemy :5 ! ,israelites 7 encamp$ "u ,m\nt ,s9ai3 he mu/1 !re=e1 h be5 born dur+ ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt4 ,aga9 we are told ( an ,israelite :o gave 8 daught] 9 m>riage to an ,egyptian s]vant 7,i4 ,p>alip41 ii4 #cd1 #ce74 ,?is occurr$ c]ta9ly aft] ! ,exodus4 ,b if ! two nations sometimes int]m>ri$ :5 !y liv$ 9 diff]5t c\ntries1 may we n suppose t !y frequ5tly int]m>ri$ :il/ !y 7 liv+ 9 ! same c\ntry8 ,h5ce we conclude 7#a7 t ! mutual relations :i* subsi/$ betwe5 ! ,egyptians & ! ,hebrews1 w\ld naturally lead to frequ5t int]m>riage2 7#b7 t !re is n a p>ticle ( evid5ce to make su* a supposition improbable2 7#c7 t !re is positive te/imony 9 its fav\r4 ,z reg>ds ! plurality ( wives or concub9es1#b ! ,israelites _h be=e !m ! example ( ,abraham1 :o _h at lea/ ?ree 7,g541 xvi4 #a1 #c2 xxv4 #a1 #f71 & ( ,jacob1 :o _h f\r 7,g541 xxix4 #bj1 #cj2 xxx4 #d1 #i74 ,! practice ( polygamy1 !re=e1 _h ! highe/ & ! holie/ sanction 9 ! eyes ( ! ,hebrew p4 ,x _c be object$ t1 dur+ ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt1 !re is no explicit m5tion ( polygamy 9 ! ,mosaic n>rative4 ,moses did n und]take to write a hi/ory ( ! p]iod4 ,a s+le *apt] 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,exodus1 conta9s all t he records ( :at took place f ! dea? ( ,jacob to ! bir? ( ,moses4 ,nei!r c\ld we expect mu* in=mation on ?is po9t f ! g5ealogies :i* are giv5 else:]e 9 ! ,bible4 ,e "o kn[s t x 0 n ! ord9>y cu/om ( ! ,jews to m5tion ! mo!rs ( ^? ^: p$igree 0 trac$1 b only ! fa!rs4 ,yet we are n left altoge!r )\t di/9ct te/imony to ! practice ( polygamy among ! ,hebrew p 9 ,egypt4 ,9 "o family alone ( ! tribe ( ,judah we f9d ! foll[+ examples3 ,hezron1 ! son ( ,ph>ez1 _h two wives1 ,abiah1 & ! daught] ( ,ma*ir 7,i4 ,p>alip41 ii4 #ba1 #bd74 ,caleb1 ! son ( ,hezron1 _h ?ree1 ,azuba1 ,j]io?1 & ,ephra? 7,i4 ,p>alip41 ii4 #ah1 #ai74c ,j]ameel1 ano!r son ( ,hezron1 _h two1 "o ^: "n is n giv51 & ano!r call$ ,at>ah 7,i4 ,p>alip41 ii4 #be1 #bf74 ,a%ur1 likewise a son ( ,hezron1 _h also two1 ,helah & ,na>ah 7,i4 ,p>alip41 iv4 #e74 ,la/ly1 we f9d t ,moses himself cle>ly recognizes ?is cu/om z preval5t4 ,he makes laws reg>d+ x1 to prev5t abuses1 b he does n =bid x1 nor does he ev5 c5sure x4 8,if a man h two wives1 "o belov$ & ano!r hat$1 & !y h borne him *ildr51 bo? ! belov$ & ! hat$2 & if ! fir/-born son be h]s t 0 hat$1''' he %all ackn[l$ge ! son ( ! hat$ = ! fir/-born1 by giv+ him a d\ble portion ( all t he ha?0 7,deut41 xxiv4 #ae1 #ag74 ,) ^! facts be=e u1 we may judge :at weight is to be atta*$ to ! au?ority ( ,dr4 ,col5so :5 he /ates3 8,!re is no indication t polygamy did prevail among ! ,hebrews ( ^? days0 7p4 #abj74 ,,iv4 ,ano!r v probable s\rce ( ! rapid increase 9 population 0 ! accession ( fre% s]vants f )\t4 ,! e>ly hi/ory ( ,jacob af=ds a rem>kable illu/ration ( su* an increase4 ,he w5t into a =eign c\ntry )\t an invitation 7,g541 xviii4 #a-e73 he s]v$ 9 x = tw5ty ye>s 7,g541 xxxi4 #da73 & yet at ! end ( t "t he tells u1 8,) my /aff pass$ ov] ?is ,jordan1 & n[ ,i am become z two camps0 7,g541 xxxii4 #aj74 ,! ,israelites dur+ ! fir/ half ( ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt1 7 mu* m fav\rably circum/anc$4 ,we h se5 t1 imm$iately ^u _! desc5t into ,egypt1 !y receiv$ an enorm\s increase bo? 9 weal? & importance4 ,?is *ange 9 _! =tunes w\ld naturally prompt !m to add l>gely to ! numb] ( _! s]vants4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! inhabitants ( ,egypt & ,canaan 7 sore press$ ) fam9e4 ,!y 7 oblig$ to give up fir/ _! money1 !n _! cattle1 !n _! l&1 9 ex*ange = bread 7,g541 xlvii4 #ac-bj74 ,_m mu/ ?us h be5 r$uc$ to extreme necessity1 & no?+ w\ld seem to h rema9$ = !m b to accept ( s]vice 9 ! h\seholds ( _! ri* & prosp]\s neighb\rs4 ,^! dep5dants1 accord+ to ! comm& ( ,god1 %\ld h be5 circumcis$1 & ?us h be5 made %>]s 9 ! cov5ant ( :i* t rite 0 a tok54 ,_! po/]ity w\ld1 !re=e1 be reckon$ among ! #fjj1jjj :o foll[$ ,moses into ! des]t4 ,to ! increase by s]vants we may add a fur!r increase by proselytes4 ,x w\ld seem t e facility 0 (f]$ to ^? :o wi%$ to become incorporat$ ) ! ,hebrew p4 ,ev5 9 ! celebration ( ! ,passov]1 all 7 freely to be admitt$ if !y w\ld submit to ! rite ( circumcision4 8,& if a /rang] soj\rn ) !e1 & w keep ! ,passov] to ! ,"l1 let e male ( 8 be circumcis$1 & !n let him come ne> & keep x2 & he %all be z "o t is born 9 ! l&0 7,ex41 xii4 #dh74 ,x is manife/ t ,moses ?\ght x likely1 ev5 aft] a c5tury ( bondage & p]secution1 t _m w\ld /ill be f\nd to jo9 ! =tunes ( ?is oppress$ p4 ,is x unreasonable1 !n1 to suppose t su* conv]ts 7 m num]\s 9 ! days ( _! prosp]ity8 ,v4 ,! av]age numb] ( *ildr5 9 ea* family1 accord+ to ! calculation ( ,dr4 ,col5so1 0 #d1 or1 at ! outside1 #fc sons & #c daught]s4 ,! mann] 9 :i* he arrives at ?is conclusion is s+ul>ly *>act]i/ic4 ,he prep>es ! way by assur+ u t 8we h no reason :atev]1 f ! data furni%$ by ! sacr$ books !mselves1 to assume t !y _h families mat]ially l>g] ?an ^? ( ! pres5t day0 7p4 #ajb74 ,if1 h[ev]1 we turn f ! pages ( ,dr4 ,col5so to ! pages ( ! sacr$ books !mselves1 we are told a v diff]5t /ory4 8,& ,god spake unto ,israel 9 ! visions ( ! night1''' & he said3 ,i am ,god1 ! ,god ( ?y fa!r2 fe> n to g d[n into ,egypt2 = ,i w make ( !e a great nation0 7,g541 xlvii4 #b1 #c74 ,su* 0 ! promise ( ,god2 "h is ! fulfilm5t3 8,& ,israel dwelt 9 ! l& ( ,egypt1 9 ! c\ntry ( ,go%52 & !y held possession ( x1 & !y grew & multipli$ exce$+ly0 7,g541 xlvii4 #bg74 8,& ! *ildr5 ( ,israel 7 fruitful1 & increas$ abundantly1 & multipli$1 & wax$ exce$+ mighty2 & ! l& 0 fill$ ) !m'''4 ,! m !y afflict$ !m1 ! m !y multipli$ & grew0 7,ex41 i4 #g-ab74 ,^! words cle>ly imply t ! p ( ,israel increas$ beyond ! usual rate at t "t & 9 t c\ntry4 ,we are told1 h[ev]1 by sev]al anci5t writ]s t ! p ( ,egypt 7 wont to increase ) extraord9>y rapidity4#d ,& yet1 9 ! face ( all ?is1 ,dr4 ,col5so ass]ts t 8we h no reason :atev]1 f ! data furni%$ by ! ,sacr$ ,books !mselves1 to assume t !y _h families mat]ially l>g] ?an ^? ( ! pres5t day04 ,he next proce$s to e/abli% 8 av]age4 ,! twelve sons ( ,jacob _h betwe5 !m #ed *ildr51 :i* gives on an av]age #d to ea*4 ,x is wor?y ( note t 9 mak+ ?is e/imate1 he /udi\sly excludes ! family ( ,jacob himself1 :o _h twelve sons4 ,if ?is family _h be5 add$ to ! o!rs1 ! av]age w\ld h be5 consid]ably increas$4 ,b !re is yet a m radical defect 9 8 argum5t4 ,! #ab sons ( ,jacob _h #ed *ildr5 be=e ! desc5t into ,egypt2 h[ _m _h !y aft]8 ,dr4 ,col5so assumes t !y _h none4 ,8 assumption is n only )\t pro(2 x is contr>y to e probability4 ,^! m5 7 at ! "t 9 ! full vig\r ( life4 ,reub5 ! elde/1 if we take ,dr4 ,col5so's own computation1 0 ab\t #df2 ,joseph 0 b #ci2 ,b5jam9 y\ng] /ill4 ,x is1 !re=e1 mo/ reasonable to suppose t sev]al ( !m1 if n all1 _h *ildr5 born to !m dur+ ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt4 ,?is w be ! m evid5t :5 we rememb] t ,jacob1 _! fa!r1 _h #ab sons born to him aft] he _h rea*$ ! age ( #hj2 & t ,isaac1 _! gr&fa!r1 0 #fj :5 ,jacob & ,esau 7 born4 ,moreov] we c produce a di/9ct /atem5t ) reg>d to ,joseph1 t he _h *ildr5 born to him aft] ! desc5t1 8,& ,jacob said unto ,joseph3 ''' ,?y two sons ,ephraim & ,manasseh1 :o 7 born unto !e 9 ! l& ( ,egypt1 be=e ,i came unto ! l& ( ,egypt1 are m9e2 ,ephraim & ,manasseh1 z ,reub5 & ,simeon %all be m9e4 ,& ?y issue :i* ?\ begette/ aft] !m1 %all be ?9e1 & %all be call$ aft] ! "n ( _! bre?r5 9 _! inh]itance0 7,g541 xlviii4 #c1 #e1 #f74 ,x may be object$ t 9 ! tw5ty-six? *apt] ( ,numb]s1 :]e ! gr&sons ( ,jacob are enum]at$1 no m5tion is made b ( ^? born be=e ! desc5t4 ,we answ]1 t 9 t *apt] ^? only are enum]at$ :o gave _! names to families2 & x w\ld seem t ! gr&sons ( ,jacob born aft] ! desc5t1 did n give _! names to families1 b1 l ! y\ng] sons ( ,joseph1 7 8call$ aft] ! "n ( _! bre?r5 9 _! inh]itance04 ,we may obs]ve t ?is ov]sight ( our au?or has drawn him into a tw(old error4 ,fir/1 x has l$ him to und]e/imate ! av]age numb] ( *ildr5 9 ea* family2 secondly1 x has l$ him to und]e/imate ! numb] ( males 9 ! fir/ g5]ation1 s9ce all ! gr&sons ( ,jacob1 accord+ to 8 argum5t1 belong$ to ! fir/ g5]ation4 ,dr4 ,col5so ref]s1 h[ev]1 to ! g5ealogies 9 ! six? *apt] ( ,exodus 7v]ses #ad-be71 & else:]e1 to %[ t ! families dur+ ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt 7 n rem>kably l>ge4 ,?is argum5t is ( no value if he d n prove t ^! g5ealogies give complete li/s ( all ! sons 9 ea* family4 ,x appe>s to u t !re is no evid5ce to ?is effect4 ,! g5ealogies 7 g5]ally introduc$ = "s specific purpose1 z = in/ance1 to trace ! p$igree ( ! mo/ rem>kable m52 & = ?is purpose x 0 q unnecess>y t all ! memb]s ( ea* family %\ld be di/9ctly enum]at$4 ,a /rik+ illu/ration occurs 9 a passage already quot$3 8,& ! sons ( ,pallu2 ,eliab4 ,& ! sons ( ,eliab2 ,nemuel & ,da?an1 & ,abiram0 7,num41 xxvi4 #h1 #i74e ,x is "h explicitly /at$ t ,pallu _h sons2 & yet only "o is nam$4 ,eliab is probably select$ f ! re/ z he 0 ! fa!r ( ,da?an & ,abiram2 = ( !m x is imm$iately add$ t !y 7 8fam\s 9 ! congregation01 & t 8!y /rove aga9/ ,moses & aga9/ ,a>on0 9 ! rebellion ( ,korah4 ,en\gh1 we ?9k1 has be5 said to satisfy our read]s t ,dr4 ,col5so has completely fail$ 9 8 argum5t4 ,he has fail$ to %[ 8beyond a d\bt1 t x is q impossible t !re %\ld h be5 su* a numb] ( ! p ( ,israel 9 ,egypt1 at ! "t ( ! ,exodus1 z to h furni%$ #fjj1jjj w>riors 9 ! prime ( life1 if we w take ! data to be d]iv$ f ! ,p5tateu* itself0 7p4 #aja74 ,on ! contr>y1 we h prov$ t !re are _m circum/ances ov]look$1 mis/at$1 or d5i$1 by ,dr4 ,col5so1 :i* are q suffici5t to expla9 :at he reg>ds z impossible4 ,m ?an ?is we _c d4 ,h[ f> ea* circum/ance 9 p>ticul> contribut$ to swell ! numb] ( ! p1 mu/ = ev] rema9 unc]ta94 ,:ile ! sacr$ n>rative is sil5t on ! subject1 x w\ld be unreasonable to ask su* a "q1 & absurd to und]take to answ] x4 ,if we wi%$ to imitate ! example ( ,dr4 ,col5so1 we might easily =m conjectures1 & set !m d[n z facts4 ,b we believe t su* a c\rse w\ld be injuri\s to ! cause ( tru?1 :i* we def5d4 ,x is mu* bett] c&idly to admit t we _c det]m9e ) accuracy ! numb] ( s]vants t accompani$ ,jacob into ,egypt1 or ! numb] ( s]vants & proselytes t aft]w>ds became incorporat$ ) ! ,hebrew p2 t we _c asc]ta9 ! precise numb] ( g5]ations 9 ea* family1 or ! av]age numb] = ! entire nation2 la/ly1 t we _c e/imate h[ f> polygamy & int]m>riage ) ! ,egyptians may h conduc$ to ! wond]ful increase ( population4 ,b1 ?\gh we are unable to say h[ ! population did increase 9 po9t ( fact1 we c easily %[ h[ x may h increas$4 ,= ?is purpose we v5ture to lay be=e our read]s a calculation by :i* we acc\nt = ! fact 9 a mann] p]fectly con=mable to all ! 8data ( ! ,p5tateu*04 ,fir/1 z reg>ds ! numb] ( g5]ations4 ,s9ce a g5]ation is desc5t f fa!r to son1 ! l5g? ( "t to be all[$ = a g5]ation w be det]m9$ 9 ea* p>ticul> case by ! age ( ! fa!r :5 ! son is born4 ,?is ( c\rse w v>y = diff]5t families1 & ev5 = diff]5t memb]s ( ! same family4 ,we may1 h[ev]1 fairly suppose t1 among ! ,hebrew p 9 ,egypt1 tak+ "o family ) ano!r1 e man on an av]age _h *ildr5 born to him at ! age ( #cb4 ,?us #cb ye>s w\ld be ! av]age l5g? ( ea* g5]ation4 ,! males ( ! fir/ g5]ation1 z we h be=e se51 7 all liv+ at lea/ ?ree ye>s be=e ! desc5t into ,egypt1 or #bah ye>s be=e ! ,exodus4 ,= ea* succe$+ p]iod ( #cb ye>s we mu/ add1 accord+ to our calculation1 "o g5]ation m4 ,9 #bah ye>s !re are j six p]iods ( #cb ye>s ea*1 & #bf ye>s ov]4 ,!re=e ! :ole ( ! sev5? g5]ation mu/ h be5 liv+ #bf ye>s be=e ! ,exodus4 ,next we may e/imate ! numb] ( males 9 ! fir/ g5]ation at a hundr$ & tw5ty-five4 ,to ?is g5]ation w\ld belong all ^?1 :o1 at ! "t ( ! desc5t1 7 above ! age ( ?ree1 & "u ! age ( ?irty-five4 ,^? :o 7 ?ree1 or less ?an ?ree1 %\ld n be c\nt$1 s9ce !y belong$ to ! second g5]ation3 ^? above ?irty-five %\ld be exclud$1 because :5 ! fir/ g5]ation 0 complet$1 !y _h already rea*$ ! age ( ?irty-two2 !re=e1 accord+ to our calculation1 !y mu/ at t "t h _h *ildr5 :o w\ld belong to ! fir/ g5]ation2 !y c\ld n !n belong to x !mselves4 ,n[ we may suppose t1 among/ ! foll[]s ( ,jacob1 !re 7 at lea/ sixty males ( v>i\s ages betwe5 ^! two extremes4 ,?is e/imate w appe> mod]ate inde$1 :5 we rememb] t ,abraham _h be5 able to lead =? an army ( #cah tra9$ s]vants1 born 9 8 h\se 7,g541 xiv4 #ad74 ,x w n be unreasonable to compute ! accession ( extra s]vants & proselytes at #ae4 ,if to ^! #ge we add #ej z ! numb] ( males )9 ! prescrib$ limits1 9 ,jacob's own family1 we %all h atta9$ our e/imat$ figure1 #abe4 ,la/ly1 our read]s w f9d little difficulty 9 admitt+ an av]age ( f\r sons 9 ea* family4 ,f ^! data we obta9 ! foll[+ results3 ,numb] ( males 9 ! all ye>s be=e fir/ g5]ation1 #abe liv+ #bah ! ,exodus4 second #ejj #ahf ?ird #b1jjj #aed f\r? #h1jjj #abb fif? #cb1jjj #ij six? #abh1jjj #eh sev5? #eab1jjj #bf ,x is c]ta9 t a l>ge numb] ( ! six?1 & probably a few ( ! fif? g5]ation 7 /ill liv+ at ! "t ( ! ,exodus4 ,moreov]1 s9ce ! eigh? _h be5 com+ into exi/5ce dur+ ! la/ p]iod ( tw5ty-six ye>s1 _m ( t g5]ation mu/ h already atta9$ ! age ( tw5ty4 ,if to all ^! we add ! entire ( ! sev5? g5]ation1 we %all h no difficulty 9 mak+ up #fjj1jjj m5 ( tw5ty ye>s old & upw>d4 ,n[ we admit t all ?is calculation is f\nd$ on conjectures2 & t x is v likely ^! conjectures d n 9 e respect repres5t :at actually took place4 ,b we ma9ta9 t !y are at lea/ possible 9 !mselves1 & p]fectly consi/5t ) ! n>rative ( ! ,p5tateu*4 ,consequ5tly1 ! numb] ( ! ,israelites at ! "t ( ! ,exodus does n involve any contradiction1 & ! !sis ( ,dr4 ,col5so is false4 ,!re is ano!r process ( calculation by :i* we may arrive at ! same conclusion4 ,sci5tific m5 h be5 able to ?r[ "s light on ! pr9ciples :i* conduce to a rapid increase ( population4 ,) mu* rese>* !y h collect$ /ati/ical tables1 :i* af=d results v applicable to our pres5t inquiry4 ,!y h conduct$ _! /udies on purely sci5tific gr\nds1 & )\t any special ref]5ce to ! ,bible n>rative4 ,we may1 !re=e1 avail ourselves ( _! conclusions z repres5t+ ! unbiass$ op9ion ( compet5t & imp>tial judges4 8,x has be5 con/antly rem>k$01 says ,mal?us1#f 8t all new colonies1 settl$ 9 heal?y c\ntries1 :]e room & food 7 abundant1 h con/antly made a rapid progress 9 population4 ,_m ( ! colonies f anci5t ,greece1 9 ! c\rse ( "o or two c5turies1 appe> to h rivall$1 & ev5 surpass$ _! "m cities04 ,he gives examples also f ! colonies t fir/ settl$ 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,)\t any fre% immigrants1 ! population 0 d\bl$ sometimes 9 tw5ty-five ye>s1 sometimes 9 tw5ty-two1 sometimes ev5 9 fifte54#g ,f a table giv5 by ,eul]1 x appe>s t a population may d\ble itself 9 #ab ye>s2 & ! au?or does n hesitate to say t ?is 8is n only a possible supposition1 b has actually occurr$ = %ort p]iods 9 m c\ntries ?an "o04 ,n[ ! circum/ances ( ! ,israelites 9 ,egypt 7 peculi>ly fav\rable to an unusually rapid increase4 ,to say no?+ ( ! special bless+ ( ,god :i* att5d$ !m1 !y 7 dwell+ 9 a c\ntry ( :i* ! inhabitants 7 not$ = a rem>kable fecundity2 ! climate 0 g5ial2 ! l& f]tile2 ! means ( liv+ abundant4 ,let u !n take a m$ium betwe5 ! extreme figures m5tion$ above1 & suppose t dur+ ! :ole p]iod ( ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt1 ! population 0 d\bl$ e eighte5 ye>s4 ,?is supposition may or may n be true2 b x is c]ta9ly n less 9 h>mony ) ! repeat$ decl>ations ( ! ,p5tateu*1 ?an x is ) ! cold calculations ( sci5ce4 ,if our =m] e/imate be accept$1 ! total population at ! comm5cem5t ( ! soj\rn 9 ,egypt w\ld be ab\t #ejj2 t is to say1 f\r times ! numb] ( males betwe5 ! ages ( ?ree & ?irty-five3#abedejj4 ,^u ?is f\ndation we may con/ruct ! foll[+ table3 ye> ( ,total numb] ( ! ! ,soj\rn4 ,hebrew p1 #a/ #ejj #ah? #a1jjj #cf? #b1jjj #ed? #d1jjj #gbnd #h1jjj #ij? #af1jjj #ajh? #cb1jjj #abf? #fd1jjj #add? #abh1jjj #afbnd #bef1jjj #ahj? #eab1jjj #aih? #a1jbd1jjj #baf? #b1jdh1jjj ,?us x w\ld appe> t1 if we he>k5 to ! au?ority ( sci5tific m51 :o h made ! pr9ciples ( population ! subject ( _! special /udy1 we may /ill fur!r confirm ! accuracy ( ^? figures :i* to ! m9d ( ,dr4 ,col5so pres5t no?+ b 8multipli$ impossibilities04 ,we h l$ our read]s a long & we>y j\rney4 ,we h conduct$ !m ?r\gh a bewild]+ labyr9? ( names & numb]s1 ( intricate g5ealogies & complicat$ calculations4 ,our way inde$ lay ?r\gh ! mid/ ( a beautiful c\ntry2 & z we pass$ along1 we n[ & !n caught a glimpse1 z x 71 f a di/ance1 ( "s sublime or t\*+ sc5e :i* has _m a "t inspir$ ! g5ius ( ! poet1 ! pa9t]1 or ! sculptor4 ,b we _h an end 9 view :i* =bade u to turn aside f our rugg$ & toilsome pa?1 ev5 ?\gh x 7 to enjoy ! v>i$ *>ms ( ! mo/ anci5t1 ! mo/ simple1 ! mo/ sacr$ ( hi/ories4 ,l ! soldi]s ( ,saul1 we might n ev5 put =? our h& to ta/e ( ! honey t 0 dropp+ f ! trees ar\nd u4 ,if1 h[ev]1 l !m1 we h ga9$ ! victory & driv5 ! enemy f 8 /ronghold1 our lab\rs h be5 ri*ly rew>d$1 & our read]s h n toil$ aft] u 9 va94 ,,erratum4,we beg to call att5tion to an error :i* occurs 9 ! la/ article on ,col5so1 page #eag4 ,! passage to :i* we ref] is pr9t$ ?us38,accord+ to ! ,mosaic1 etc4''' #ii1ihi families04 ,our read]s w obs]ve t ! numb] ( families 9 ! case suppos$ w\ld be #bjj1jjj in/ead ( #ajj1jjj4 ,by ?is alt]ation ! "* ( ! argum5t rema9s un*ang$1 b its =ce is consid]ably increas$4 ,,! ,,bi%ops ,,( ,,ossory4 ,:5 illu/rat+ ! lives ( ! ,iri% ,bi%ops1 ,w>e & ,h>ris1 z well z our mod]n annali/s1 seem to h devot$ special c>e to ! ,see ( ,ossory1 & h5ce its s]ies ( bi%ops is "o ( ! mo/ complete & unbrok5 t we f9d 9 ! hi/ory ( our ,*ur*4 ,x is 9 ! latt] half ( ! f\rte5? c5tury t ! fir/ great difficulty occurs4 ,9 #acfg a p>liam5t 0 held 9 ,kilk5ny1 & ! fam\s ,act 0 pass$ commonly /yl$1 ,! ,/atute ( ,kilk5ny1 :i*1 among/ o!r signatures1 pres5ts t ( 8,william1 ,bi%op ( ,ossory04#h ,its accuracy 9 all ! o!r signatures1 & 9 sev]al m9or details1 leaves no d\bt z to ! g5u95ess ( ! prelate's "n1 :o at t "t rul$ ! ,see ( ,/4 ,canice4 ,nev]!less1 su* a ,bi%op f9ds no room 9 ! s]ies ( episcopal names giv5 by ,w>e & succe$+ writ]s4 ,john ( ,tat5al1 !y say1 0 appo9t$ to ! see 9 #acfj2 & 8 dea? did n take place till #acgj3 ?us ! above ,william is altoge!r exclud$ f ! episcopal succession4 ,! *ronicl]s ( ! ,augu/9ian ord]1 h[ev]1 enable u to solve ?is difficulty4 ,john de ,tat5al1 or z he is sometimes call$ de ,tay5al1 0 a memb] ( t di/+ui%$ religi\s body1 & 0 appo9t$ to ! ,see ( ,ossory 9 #acgj1 ! same ye> :i* saw him c>ri$ to ! tomb4 ,!re 01 inde$1 ano!r ,bi%op ,john appo9t$ 9 #acfa4 ,on ! #bj? ( ,novemb] t ye>1 he promis$ to pay to ! 8,cam]a ,apo/olica0 ! diocesan tax ( #bjj flor9s1 equal to #dj2 & x is rem>k$ t ?is is a pro( ( ! decay ( ! rev5ues ( ,ossory1 s9ce only =ty ye>s be=e1 on ! appo9tm5t ( ,bi%op ,ri*>d1 ! tax am\nt$ to #gjj flor9s4 ,on ! #i? ( ,janu>y #acfa_/b p]mission 0 grant$ to ?is bi%op to return to 8 see1 & f ! brief publi%$ 9 ,monum5ta ,vaticana1 pag4 #cai1 we le>n t he _h be5 consecrat$ "s "t be=e1 by ,raymond1 ,bi%op ( ,pra5e/e1 !n resid5t ) ! ,papal c\rt 9 ,avignon4 ,9 #acfd ,urban ,v4 7xii4 ,kal4 ,aprilis1 an4 #b7 grant$ to him special faculties & privileges1 b no m5tion is made ( him 9 ! foll[+ ye>s4 ,?us we h full room = ,bi%op ,william1 appo9t$ be=e #acfg1 & deceas$ ab\t #acfi4 ,dr4 ,john ,tat5al1 z we h se51 0 appo9t$ 9 #acgj1 & di$ be=e ,*ri/mas ! same ye>4 ,alex&] ,petit alias de ,balscot1 canon ( ! ,ca!dral ( ,kilk5ny1 a man ( great le>n+ & wisdom 7z ,w>e writes71 0 elect$ by ! *apt] to fill ! vacant see2 & ?\gh ?is election 0 irregul> & invalid1 ,gregory ,,xi4 confirm$ him z ,bi%op ( ,ossory by ,brief ( #aj? ,febru>y1 #acga4 ,he subsequ5tly 0 appo9t$ by ! cr[n to "s ( ! highe/ (fices ( ! k+dom1 & hav+ held ! see = fifte5 ye>s1 0 translat$ to ,mea? 9 #achf4 ,ri*>d ,nor?alis1 a ,c>melite1 0 next appo9t$ to ! ,see4 ,8 promise to pay ! usual tax ( #bjj flor9s to ! 8,cam]a ,apo/olica0 is dat$ #ag? ,feb4 #achf_/g4 ,he 0 translat$ to ,dubl9 9 #acie1 n 9 #acif1 z ,w>e suppos$4 ,8 successor ,?omas1 a ,c>melite1 surnam$ ,pev]ell1#i sign$ ! usual obligation a few days aft] 8 appo9tm5t on ! #crd ( ,novemb]1 #acie1 & aft] an episcopate ( ?ree ye>s1 0 translat$ to ,leighl91 on #bcrd ,janu>y1 #acih_/i1 :5ce on ! #bnd ,july foll[+ he 0 aga9 translat$ to ,ll&aff1 9 ,wales 7,biblio?4 ,c>melit474 ,he 0 succe$$ 9 ,ossory by ,john ,wul?am 7sometimes writt5 ,wulcan or ,vulcan71 :o 0 probably appo9t$ on ! v day ( ,dr4 ,pev]ell's translation to ,leighl91 & on #a/ ( ,febru>y1 #acih_/i1 sign$ an obligation to pay ! usual tax ( #bjj flor9s = himself1 & 9 addition #bjj flor9s = 8 pr$ecessor ,?omas1 :o _h n be5 z yet able to satisfy 8 obligation4 ,?is bi%op belong$ to ! ord] ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 & 0 translat$ to ,dromore be=e ! mon? ( ,july1 #acii4 ,dr4 ,john ,griff91 ,bi%op ( ,leighl91 0 soon aft] translat$ to our ,see by brief ( 8#fto ,nonas ,julii1 #acii01 & on ! #ab? ( ,july1 he sign$ an obligation 8to pay #ahe flor9s & #dd solidos z portion ( ! tax unpaid by 8 pr$ecessor ,john1 & 9 addition #ajj flor9s /ill due f ! "t ( ,dr4 ,?omas ,pev]ell04 ,x is add$ t no tax 0 impos$ ^u himself1 z 8 appo9tm5t 0 ! second "o :i* _h be5 made )9 ! t]m ( twelve mon?s4 ,e>ly 9 ! foll[+ ye> ,dr4 ,griff9 0 summon$ to 8 rew>d1 & 9 ,may1 #adjj1 ano!r ,bi%op ,john 0 appo9t$ to ! ,see ( ,ossory4 ,?is bi%op is only kn[n to u f ! li/s ( ! ,apo/olic ,*amb]4 ,on ! #ad? ( ,may1 an4 ,dom4 #adjj1 he sign$ 8 own individual obligation = ! sum ( #bjj flor9s1 & moreov] promis$ to pay #ha flor9s & #dg solidos 8pro residuis ,dom9i ,johannis prae-antecessoris sui04 ,on ! #bf? ( ,septemb]1 ! same ye> 7#adjj71 ,pope ,boniface ,,ix4 advanc$ ,rog] de ,appleby to ! vacant see1#aj & on ! #bh? ( ! same mon?1 x is ent]$ 9 ! books ( ! ,apo/olic *amb]1 t he 8ratas habuit obligationes1 tum ,johannis sui pra$ecessoris imm$iati tum alt]ius ,johannis 9 ,flor54 #ha et solid4 #dg3 pro se autem nihil obligavit quia fuit facta promotio bis 9 anno04 ,! successor ( ,bi%op ,rog]s 0 accord+ to ,w>e1 ! ,john ,vulcan1 :om we h already se5 appo9t$ to ?is see 9 #acih_/i1 & ! ye> #adjd is assign$ z ! probable date ( 8 accession4 ,"h aga9 ! li/ ( taxes paid to ! ,cam]a comes to our aid4 ,x tells u t1 on #ag? ,novemb]1 #adjb1 8,johannes ,walt]i01 ,bi%op elect ( ,ossory1 promis$ ! usual sum ( #bjj flor9s1 & also ! residue ( ! =m] debt ( 8 pr$ecessor ,john1 viz41 flor4 #ha1 & solid4 #dg4 ,x 01 probably1 ! simil>ity ( "n t induc$ ! le>n$ writ] to transplace ,dr4 ,wul?am1 & make him successor ( ,rog] ,appleby 9 ! see ( ,/4 ,canice4 ,?omas ,snell1 ,ar*deacon ( ,gl5dal\gh1 :o _h held ! see ( ,wat]=d & ,lismore s9ce #acii1 0 next appo9t$ to ?is see4 ,w>e1 inde$1 dates 8 appo9tm5t to ,ossory 9 #adje1 b ! li/s to :i* we h already s (t5 appeal$ 9 ?is pap]1 atte/ t he sign$ ! usual obligation on be+ appo9t$ to ?is see on ! #aa? ,m>*1 #adjg_/h4 ,?is bi%op bequea!d to 8 successors a mitre adorn$ ) preci\s /ones1 & pres5t$ to 8 *ur* "s ri*ly ornam5t$ ve/m5ts4 ,rev4 ,william ,purcell appe>$ 9 ! ,c\ncil ( ,con/ance 9 ! beg9n+ ( #adaf1 z proxy ( our bi%op1 z we le>n f ,m>t5e1 ,vet]4 ,monum5t41 tom4 vii4 col4 #abbb4 ,patrick ,ragg$ on ! dea? ( ,bi%op ,?omas1 0 translat$ f ! see ( ,cork to ,ossory1 by brief ( #ae? ( ,decemb]1 #adag4 ,an anci5t writ] gives him ! "* ( 8a prelate :o gov]n$ 8 flock ) ju/ice & piety1 & in/ruct$ !m bo? by ^w & example40 ,he 0 appo9t$ ag5t ( ! ,cam]a ,apo/olica 9 ,irel& on ! #aa? ,janu>y1 #adag_/h2 & he di$1 n on ! #bj? ( ,augu/1 z ,w>e arbitr>ily ass]ts1 b 9 ! fir/ mon? ( #adba4 ,dionysius ,o',dea 0 appo9t$ to ! see vacant p] obitum ,patritii1 by ,pope ,m>t9 ,v41 9 ! beg9n+ ( ,augu/1 #adba1 & on ! #f? ( ! same mon? sign$ 8 obligation = ! usual tax ( #bjj flor9s assign$ = 8 see4 ,?omas ,b>ry1 or z he is /yl$ 9 ! ,roman li/s1 ,?omas ,baury1 made ! usual decl>ation on ! #e? ( ,april1 #aebg1 hav+ be5 appo9t$ "s days previ\s ,bi%op ( ,ossory4 ,dur+ 8 episcopate1 a fam\s controv]sy 0 c>ri$ on be=e ! tribunal ( ,pope ,ni*olas ,v41 reg>d+ ! p>o*ial *ur* ( ,callan1 :i* is describ$ z alias ,kilbride1 t is1 d$icat$ to ,/4 ,brigid4 ,?is controv]sy 0 n decid$ till ! pontificate ( ,pope ,paul ,,ii41 "s ye>s aft] ! dea? ( our ,prelate4 ,david ,hacket1 prior ( ! ,augu/9ian mona/]y ( ,ahassel1 d$icat$ to ,,ss4 ,edmund & ,m>t91 & situat$ 9 ! diocese ( ,ca%el1 0 advanc$ to our see by ,pope ,pius ,,ii41 & 0 consecrat$ 9 curia ,romana 9 ! ye> #adfj4 ,:5 sign+ 8 usual obligation on #ad? ,july1 #adfj1 he is /ill /yl$ ,episcopus ,ossori5sis electus4 ,he di$1 accord+ to ,w>e1 on ! #bd? ,octob]1 #adgh4aa ,john ,o',hadian1 :o is /yl$ ,h$ayn 9 ! ,consi/orial ,acts1 receiv$ f ! ,holy ,see ! ,ar*deaconries ( ,ca%el & ,ossory on ! #h? ( ,janu>y #adei_/fj 7,monum5t4 ,vatic41 pag4 #dbd71 & on ! #ae? ,janu>y1 #adgi1 0 proclaim$ 9 consi/ory ,bi%op ( ,ossory4 ,x is add$ 9 ! record ( 8 appo9tm5t t1 8die #ba ,febru>ii sequ5tis consecratus fuit 9 ecclesia ,s4 ,tryphonis de ,urbe a ,b5$icto ,ar*iepo4 ,mitil55si1 assi/5tibus sibi ,/ephano ,ar*iepo4 ,antib>5si et ,/ephano ,sagi5si ,epo04 ,he 0 appo9t$ collector ( ! ,apo/olic taxes 9 ,irel& 9 #adhb1 & 8 dea? is record$ on #f? ( ,janu>y1 #adhf_/g4 ,oliv] ,cantwell1 :o1 9 v>i\s entries ( ! ,vatican ar*ives1 receives ! names ,cantnel & ,w]tell1 0 advanc$ to ! episcopate 9 consi/ory ( ! #bf? ,m>*1 #adhg1 ! see be+ describ$ z vacant p] obitum ,joannis extra curiam4 ,?is illu/ri\s bi%op belong$ to ! ord] ( ,/4 ,dom9ick1 & ,de ,burgo1 9 ,hib4 ,dom9ic41 pag4 #dgh1 gives a lett] ( ,innoc5t ,,viii41 dat$ #bg? ,m>*1 #adhg1 au?oriz+ him to be consecrat$ by any bi%op hold+ communion ) ! ,holy ,see4 ,! fir/ ye>s ( 8 episcopate 7 di/urb$ by ! rebellion ( ,lamb]t ,simnel & its accompany+ disord]s1 & we f9d publi%$ by ,rym] a lett] ( ! above-nam$ ,pontiff1 ,innoc5t ,,viii41 exhort+ ! ,bi%op ( ,ossory & ! o!r ,prelates ( ! ,iri% ,*ur* to use _! influ5ce 9 quell+ ! rebelli\s excitem5t :i* prevail$ ?r\gh\t our isl&4 ,dr4 ,cantwell gov]n$ ! diocese = almo/ =ty ye>s1 & 9 a v advanc$ age he pass$ to 8 et]nal cr[n on ! #i? ( ,janu>y1 #aebf_/g4 ,milo ,fitzg]ald1 bett] kn[n by ! family surname ( ,b>on1 belong$ to ! ord] ( ,/4 ,augu/9e1 & 0 prior ( ! fam\s mona/]y ( ,ini/iogue4 ,on ! dea? ( ! ag$ ,bi%op ,cantwell1 ,dr4 ,fitzg]ald 0 advanc$ to ! vacant see1 :il/ at ! same "t he receiv$ an apo/olic disp5sation p]mitt+ him to reta9 8 =m] priory4 ,he is commemorat$ 9 ! pap]s ( ! ,cam]a ,apo/olica z hav+ paid a portion ( ! diocesan tax on #aj? ,july1 #aebh2 & f o!r s\rces we le>n t he pres5t$ to 8 *ur* a m>ble alt>1 & bequea!d to 8 successors a pa/oral /aff ( silv]4 ,by "o ( ! usual volunt>y surr5d]s ( ! #ca/ ye> ( ,h5ry ,,viii4 7#aedj71 ?is good bi%op 0 compell$ to h& ov] 8 priory to ! ag5ts ( ! cr[n4 ,! fir/ to enjoy its spoils 0 ,sir ,ri*>d ,butl]1 b on #bj? ,decemb]1 #aeea1 an ord] 0 issu$ by ! ,lords ( ! ,c\ncil 9 ,engl&1 comm&+ x to be giv5 to ,edw>d ,seyntloo = tw5ty-"o ye>s1 89 consid]ation ( 8 pa9ful & dilig5t s]vices 9 ! late w>s 9 ,irel&0 7,morr91 i4 #bee74 ,nev]!less1 9 #aefg ,que5 ,elizabe? ord]$ x to be aga9 leas$ to ,sir ,edmond ,butl]1 toge!r ) ! mona/]y ( ,connall & ! great] "p ( ! possessions ( ! ,abbey ( ,balt+lass1 & ?us 7 ! (f]+s ( ! piety ( our fa!rs sacrilegi\sly plund]$ 9 ord] to gratify ! vanity & ! pleasures ( ! reta9]s ( ! cr[n4 ,bi%op ,milo rul$ ! see ( ,ossory till 8 dea? 9 #aeej4 ,f sev]al lett]s writt5 by ! ,"l ,deputy imm$iately aft] 8 demise1 we le>n :at little progress _h be5 made by ! s-call$ re=mation 9 ,ossory at ?is p]iod4 ,= in/ance1 he ?us writes on ! #e? ( ,decemb]1 #aeej3 8,& n[ z t\*+ ! bi%oprick void 7( ,ossory71 x %all be well done "s hone/ man be plac$ !re9 = ! advancem5t ( religion1 :i*1 al?\gh x ha? be5 "h mu* talk$ ( ^! two or ?ree ye>s pa/1 yet ha? x be5 smally set =? 9 de$1 & p]*ance if ! disposition ( m5 "h 7 ?or\ghly kn[n1 x w\ld be ?\ght a ?+ n easy to be br\ght to pass04 7,%irley1 ,orig9al ,lett]s1 pag4 #df74 ,x is n easy to und]/& h[ ?is important see 0 all[$ to rema9 vacant = m ?an two ye>s4 ,z yet no record has be5 discov]$ ( a canonically appo9t$ successor till ! accession ( ,que5 ,m>y4 ,b we feel p]suad$ t1 at ?is "t1 accord+ to ! unv>y+ cu/om ( ! ,holy ,see1 su* a successor 0 appo9t$ by ,rome4 ,ev5 ! k+'s lett] appo9t+ ,john ,bale to ! see1 is only dat$ #bbnd ( ,octob]1 #aeeb 7,morr91 i4 #bfg74 ,9 ?is lett] ! k+ comm&s ! "l deputy to receive ! new bi%op z "o highly comm5d$2 & yet ! ord] = 8 consecration 0 n issu$ till ! #a/ ( ,febru>y foll[+4 ,dr4 ,bale 0 "o ( ! fir/ f\nd]s ( ! ,e/abli%m5t 9 our isl&3 9 fact he 0 = a:ile ! great pill> ( t /ate in/itution1 & h5ce has f\nd _m eulogi/s among/ ^? :o succe$$ him 9 ! enjoym5t ( its temporalities & ri* b5efices4 ,?us ,dr4 ,mant devotes sev]al pages ( 8 ,hi/ory ( ! ,iri% ,*ur* 7i4 #bbj1 seqq47 to comm5d 8! zeal1 assiduity1 activity1 & devotion to ! re=m$ fai? 9 opposition to ! ,romi% errors01 display$ by ?is apo/le ( ! ,e/abli%$ ,*ur*4 ,x w n1 !re=e1 be un9t]e/+ to inquire a little into ,dr4 ,bale's true "*1 al?\gh we d n reckon him among/ ! bi%ops ( ?is see1 t ?us1 :il/ we await ! hi/orical gr\nds on :i* ,mr4 ,:iteside promises to ju/ify t mo/ mon/r\s in/itution :i* ev] provok$ a nation's ana!ma1 we may supply "o fai?ful sket* at lea/ = ! consid]ation ( our read]s4 ,he 0 born 9 ,suffolk 9 #adie1 & hav+ embrac$ a religi\s life1 pass$ ?r\gh ! v>i\s sci5tific grades 9 ,norwi* & ,cambridge4 ,not)/&+ 8 solemn v[s1 he avail$ himself ( ! lib]t9ism :i* prevail$ 9 #aecj1 to take a wife1 & adopt ! new t5ets ( ! ,re=m]s4 ,he himself av[$ t a temporal "l 0 ! in/rum5t ( 8 8conv]sion01 & ,ni*olson1 9 8 ,hi/orical ,libr>y1 adds1 8t 9 tru? 8 wife ,doro?y _h z great a h& 9 t happy "w z ! ,"l04 ,m ?an once he 0 ?reat5$ ) imprisonm5t1 b he always escap$ ?r\gh ! protection ( ,"l ,cromwell1 on ^: dea? he fl$ f ! k+dom & took refuge 9 ,g]many4 ,on ! accession ( ,edw>d ,,vi41 he return$ to ,engl&1 & happ5+ to be pres5t$ to ! k+ 9 ,s\?ampton1 receiv$ at once a promise ( ! vacant bi%opric4 ,bale fir/ arriv$ f ,engl& at ,wat]=d1 & he himself atte/s t 8he 0 =cibly impress$ by ! appe>ance ( ! old idolatry02#ab t is1 he f\nd !re a f9e devot$ ,ca?olic p1 true to ! fai? ( _! fa!rs4 ,8 consecration 9 ,dubl9 met ) great opposition 8f ! popi%ly incl9$ cl]gy01 & ev5 ! two ,iri% assi/ant bi%ops prote/$ aga9/ ! use ( ! ,engli% liturgy on ! occasion4#ac ,dur+ ! six mon?s t he held ! temporalities1 he tells u t he 8enjoy$ great peace01 b at ! same "t bo? cl]gy & p rema9$ devot$ly atta*$ to ! ,ca?olic fai?3 8help]s01 he says1 8,i f\nd none among my preb5d>ies & cl]gy1 b adv]s>ies a great numb]04 ,on ! accession ( ,que5 ,m>y1 8 episcopal c>e] 0 quickly br\ght to a close 9 ,ossory4 8,on ! #bj? day ( ,augu/01 he writes1 80 ! lady ,m>y ) u at ,kilk5ny proclaim$ que5 ( ,engl&1 ,france1 & ,irel&1 ) ! greate/ solemnity t c\ld be devis$ ( processions1 mu/]s1 & disguis+s1 all ! noble capta9s & g5tlem5 !reab\t be+ pres5t4 ,:at ado ,i _h t day ) ! preb5d>ies & prie/s ab\t we>+ ! cope1 crosi]1 & mitre 9 procession1 x 7 too mu* to write04 ,on ,?ursday1 ! #ca/ ( ,augu/1 ! cl]gy & p ( t ,ca?olic city assembl$ to proclaim _! fai?3 z yet no /atute or proclamation _h be5 made1 b !y c\ld n brook any long] delay3 8,!y rang all ! bells 9 t ca!dral1 m9/]1 & p>i% *ur*es01 7writes ,bale71 8!y flung up _! caps to ! battlem5ts ( ! great temple2 !y br\ght =? _! copes1 c&le/icks1 holy wat] /ocks1 crosses1 & c5s]s2 !y mu/]$ =? 9 g5]al procession mo/ gorge\sly all ! t[n ov]1 ) ,sancta ,m>ia1 ora pro nobis1 & ! re/ ( ! ,lat9 litany04 ,ev5 "h1 h[ev]1 ! trials ( ,dr4 ,bale 7 n t]m9at$4 ,a p>ty ( ! citiz5s1 hav+ at _! head an individual nam$ ,b>naby ,bolg]1 surr\nd$ 8 h\se1 ?reat5+ him ) dea?1 unless he ceas$ to defile by 8 pres5ce _! ,ca?olic c\nty4 ,x 0 only by ! int]position ( ! mayor ) f\r hundr$ soldi]s1 t ! commotion 0 p>tially quell$2 at night ,bale made 8 escape to ,dubl94 ,in/ead ( protection1 he f\nd t new dang]s await$ him 9 t capital ( our isl&2 9 ! disguise ( a sailor he 0 aga9 oblig$ to seek safety by flight2 sail+ = ,zeal&1 z ,h>ris tells u1 he 0 tak5 prison] at sea1 & tri$ = treason 9 ,cornwall2 escap+ !nce he sail$ = ! ,cont95t1 b 0 once m seiz$ by pirates1 & sold z a slave2#ad hav+ paid 8 ransom1 he liv$ dur+ ! foll[+ ye>s at ,basle & ,g5eva4 ,on ! accession ( ,elizabe? he return$ to ,engl&1 b nev] s\ght to be re/or$ to ! ,see ( ,ossory4 ,! writ+s ( ,bale acquir$ "s celebrity on ! cont95t1 :]e !y 7 ne>ly all compos$4 ,!y are full1 h[ev]1 ( ! vile/ calumnies aga9/ ! religi\s ord]s & ! ,holy ,see1 & are writt5 ) *>act]i/ic acrimony ( /yle4 ,h5ce ,full]1 9 8 ,catalogue ( ,engli% ,writ]s1 says3 8,bale knew n h[ to mod]ate 8 passions1 & h5ce des]v$ly receiv$ ! agnom5 ,biliosus ,balaeus04 ,montacutus also 79 ,app>at41 #hc7 /yles him1 8impot5tis l+uae et calami scriptor04 ,pitseus is /ill m sev]e1 = he ?us epitomizes ,bale's "*1 8omnia fo$issimus scurra m5daciis et calumniis replevit04 ,&rew ,val]y1 9 8 preface to ! ,biblio!ca ,belgica1 writes1 8,joannes ,balaeus homo impius quidem1 nom9>i tam5 hoc loco vel ideo potuit ut quis e sordibus gemmas legat02 & 9 f9e1 ,g]r>d ,vossius condemns 8 bad fai? 9 treat+ ( ! e>ly writ]s1 8unum scio 9 priorum saeculorum scriptoribus non r>o ,balaei fidem claudic>e0 7,de ,hi/oricis ,lat9is1 lib4 i4 cap4 #cb1 pag4 #agj74 ,su* 0 ! "* ( ?is boa/$ *ampion ( ! e/abli%$ *ur* 9 our isl&6 ,b x is "t to return to ! successors ( sa9t ,canice4 ,john ,?on]y1 a native ( ,kilk5ny1 0 nom9at$ to ?is see by ,que5 ,m>y4 ,! foll[+ is ! lett] ( ! que5 to ! "l-deputy1 dat$ ,octob] ! #ad?1 an4 #a 7i4 e4 an4 #aeec73 8,:]eas we p]ceive ! bi%oprick ( ,ossory to be void1 we h ?\ght good1 = ! le>n+ & integrity ( life :i* we und]/& to be 9 ,john ,?on]y1 ba*elor ( div9ity1 to nom9ate & appo9t him to ! same bi%oprick3 ^! %all be !re=e to w & comm& y to make lett]s-pat5t "u our great seal to ! said ,john1 ( ! bi%oprick1 & to give fur!r ord] = 8 consecration & in/allation1 accord+ to ! ord] ( our said realm04 ,! cong d'elire to ! dean & *apt] ( ! ca!dral ( ,/4 ,canice 0 issu$ on ,decemb] #bf?1 & ! m&ate = 8 consecration 0 giv5 on #ca/ ,decemb]1 ! same ye>1 7,morr91 i4 #cjf74 ,?is prelate is describ$ z a b5efactor to 8 see1 & he is especially comm5d$ = tak+ c>e 8to h ! anti5t *>t]s ( 8 *ur*1 :i* o!rwise w\ld h p]i%$1 transcrib$ & seal$ ) 8 seal0 7,w>e1 pag4 #dah74 ,?\gh summon$ to ,p>liam5t z bi%op ( ,ossory 9 ! fir/ ye> ( ,elizabe?1 & receiv+ commissions f ! cr[n ev5 9 ,elizabe?'s reign 7,morr91 i4 #cgj1 #dab71 ! gov]nm5t f\nd him inflexible 9 ma9ta9+ ! ,ca?olic fai?1 & consequ5tly decl>$ t 8 election f ! beg9n+ 0 void1 & t 8 acts z bi%op c\ld n be valid1 s9ce ! h]etical ,bi%op ,bale 0 /ill liv+4#ae ,9 ?is1 h[ev]1 ! gov]nm5t fa!rs ( ! ,e/abli%m5t only gave ano!r pro( ( _! inconsi/5cy1 = a few ye>s be=e1 !y decl>$ t ! fact ( ! flight ( ,dr4 ,d[dall r5d]$ vacant ! see ( ,armagh1 & !y actually proce$$ to ! consecration ( ,goodacre = t see1 ?\gh ,d[dall 0 /ill liv+4 ,!re is "o great advantage1 h[ev]1 :i* we d]ive f ! ho/ile c\rse pursu$ by ! ag5ts ( ,elizabe? 9 reg>d to ,dr4 ,?on]y2 x supplies u ) ! cle>e/ pro( we c\ld desire ( 8 unfl9*+ devot$ness to ! ,*ur* ( 8 fa!rs2 & :5 we f9d ,sir ,w4 ,cecil1 on ! #d? ,july1 #aefe1 convey+ in/ructions to ! "l deputy1 t1 8,h] maje/y und]/&+ t ! ar*bi%oprick ( ,ca%el & ! bi%oprick ( ,ossory h be5 long void1 :]eby ha? gr[n lack to ! ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t !re01 w\ld wi% to h ! sees unit$1 & "o bi%op appo9t$ 8:o might s]ve z c\nsellor !re0 7,%irley1 ,orig4 ,lett41 #bjg71 we are m ?an ju/ifi$ 9 conclud+ t our ,ca?olic bi%op 0 fai?ful to 8 tru/1 & successfully gu>d$ ! flock entru/$ to 8 c>e aga9/ all ! inroads ( h]esy4 ,he pass$ to ! cr[n ( 8 zeal & lab\rs ab\t ! ye> #aefg4 ,! next bi%op 0 ,?omas ,/range 7or ,/rong71 appo9t$ 9 consi/ory ( #bh? ,m>*1 #aehb4 ,! foll[+ is ! consi/orial entry3 8,die #bh ,m>tii1 #aehb4 8,sua ,sanctitas ref]5te ,c>d4 ,s5on5si providit ecclesiae ,ossori54 9 ,prov4 ,dubl9i5si1 a pluribus annis vacanti p] obitum ,joannis ,o',?on]y1 9 dicta dioecesi defuncti1 p] ,?omam ,/rong1 ,presbyt]um ,wat]=di5sem1 ,doctorem ,!ologiae1 9 curia praes5tem04 ,9 ! ,vatican li/ ( ! ,iri% cl]gy 9 #aegi1 ,dr4 ,/rong is twice commemorat$1 fir/1 "u ! head+ ( ^? :o 7 pursu+ _! /udies on ! ,cont95t we f9d him describ$ z 8,?omas ,/rongius1 ,p>isiis1 annorum #cb02 & aga91 "u ! head+3 8,qui sunt 9 ,hib]nia fideles op]>ii vel c]te facile eo transmitti possunt01 we f9d him ?us m5tion$ 9 ! f\r? place3 8,d4 ,?omas ,/rong1 ,wat]=di5sis3 hic t5et utramque l+uam ,anglicanam et ,hib]nicam s$ melius ,anglicam0 7,ex ,ar*iv4 ,vatic47 ,imm$iately aft] 8 consecration he set out = ! !atre ( 8 mission>y lab\rs2 b x 0 only 89 ruffl+ app>el ) gilt rapi] & dagg]01#af t a bi%op c\ld !n visit 8 flock1 & s vigilant 7 ! ag5ts ( ,elizabe? 9 8 pursuit1 t he 0 soon compell$ to seek refuge 9 ,spa94 ,x is ?us ! bi%op ( ,killaloe writes on #bi? ,octob]1 #aehd3 8,?omas ,ossori5sis episcopus mansit 9 ,hib]nia aliquot m5sibus 9 habitu saecul>i1 t&em contulit se ex ,hib]nia ad ,hispaniam04 ,we _c say ) c]ta9ty :e!r ,dr4 ,/range 0 able at any "t subsequ5tly to return to 8 see4 ,:il/ 9 ,spa9 he devot$ himself to ! sacr$ m9i/ry z assi/ant ( ! bi%op ( ,compo/ella1 & he di$ !re 7accord+ to ! new computation7 on #bj? ,janu>y1 #afjb4 ,! contempor>y1 ,mala*y ,h>try1 9 8 ,triumphalia ,sanctae ,crucis1 ?us briefly sket*es 8 c>e]3 8,dum 9 hac sua patria degisset1 ,ca?olicae fidei caus et ecclesiae p]multa et gravissima a p]secutoribus su/ulit et 9 ,hispaniam ire cogitur2 ,compo/ellae 9 ,gallicia1 demum anno ,dom9i #afja4 ,janu>ii die #bj obiit atque 9 clau/ro ,ca!dralis ,ecclesiae ,d4 ,jacobo consecratae1 sub m>moreo lapide1 uti vidi cum ,/rangorum /emmate inciso1 t]rae traditur04 ,,pet] ,,francis ,,xavi] ,,de ,,ram4 ,! great "q ( ! pres5t day is ! "q ( education4 ,! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 z ! infallible tea*] ( m51 claims = h]self ! "r to control human ?\ght1 & ex]cises t "r by sitt+ 9 judgm5t on ea* newfangl$ sy/em z x appe>s4 ,?is claim is p]emptorily reject$ by ! civil p[]1 :i*1 on its "p1 wi%es to make ( education a dep>tm5t ( gov]nm5t4 ,! sci5ce ( ! age sides on ! :ole ) ! civil p[] z aga9/ ! ,*ur*4 ,t[>ds ! ecclesia/ical au?orities x assumes at times an air ( pity1 z t[>ds m5 ^: o!rwise e/imable qualities are w>p$ by a religi\s bigotry :i* is em95tly unsci5tific2 at times x exhibits irritation & di/ru/2 at times aga9 x is 9 op5 & undisguis$ antagonism4 ,9 ! face ( a jeal\s gov]nm5t1 to urge1 & to urge successfully1 ! inali5able rights ( ! ,*ur*1 requires no ord9>y tact2 9 ! face ( ! contempt1 or di/ru/1 or antagonism ( ! intellect ( a c\ntry1 to take e und]/&+ captive unto ,*ri/1 dem&s no ord9>y c\rage & ability4 ,& yet ?is is :at is meant by f\nd+ a ,ca?olic ,univ]sity2 & ?is has be5 a*iev$ 9 ! n9ete5? c5tury 9 ,belgium1 "u ,god1 ?r\gh ! in/rum5tality ( "o prie/1 ,monsignor ,pet] ,francis ,xavi] ,de ,ram1 ! late ,rector ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,l\va94 ,a life su* z 8 is a model :i* all may /udy ) great pr(it4 ,x is only ) 8 _s & ?r\gh 8 pr9ciples t we may hope to obta9 = ,irel& :at he obta9$ = ,belgium! full lib]ty ( ,ca?olic education4 ,de ,ram's great "w1 b n 8 only "w1 0 ! f\ndation ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,l\va94 ,at ! "t :5 he 0 call$ by ! bi%ops ( ,belgium to =m & direct ! new in/itution1 he 0 dilig5tly engag$ 9 promot+ ! spread ( good books1 9 illu/rat+ ! antiquities ( 8 c\ntry1 & especially 9 publi%+ ! lives ( ! sa9ts & o!r di/+ui%$ m5 :o h %$ glory on 8 native l&4 ,almo/ 9 8 infancy he imbib$ a special pr$ilection = ! /udy ( ! lives ( ! sa9ts f a holy aunt1 a religi\s ( ! ,premon/rat5sian ,ord]1 :o liv$ 9 8 fa!r's h\se1 hav+ be5 driv5 f h] conv5t at ! "t ( ! fir/ ,fr5* ,revolution4 ,ev5 be=e he _h complet$ 8 cl]ical /udies1 ?is ta/e made him publi%1 z au?or or editor1 sev]al works be>+ on ! lives ( ! sa9ts1 & be=e he 0 tw5ty-five ye>s ( age he und]took a new edition 9 ! ,flemi% language ( ! great works on ?is subject by ,alban ,butl] & ,godesc>d4 ,?is ta/e he pres]v$ ?r\gh life1 & to x :5 fully develop$ we are indebt$ = 8 o!r great works1 ! ,collections ( ,belgian ,synods1 ! ,synodicum ,belgicum1 ! ,synodicum ,antv]pi5se1 & ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( ,belgium1 ,belgica ,sacra1 ( :i* he publi%$ ! plan 9 #ahcj1 = :i* s9ce !n he has be5 collect+ mo/ abundant mat]ials1 b :i*1 alas6 he has n liv$ to f9i%4 ,lat] on1 we f9d him lab\r+ /r5u\sly & successfully to obta9 = ! ,jesuit ,fa!rs a /ate subsidy to enable !m to cont9ue ! /up5d\s und]tak+ ( ! old ,boll&i/s1 ! ,acta ,sanctorum4 ,?anks 9 great measure to ?is help1 ! noble "w is n[ mak+ progress to ! great glory ( ,god1 to ! advantage ( religion1 & ! hon\r ( ,belgium4 ,& among ! fir/ eulogi/s ( ! dep>t$ prelate1 we h ! great ,jesuit ,fa!r de ,buck1 ! head ( ! pres5t ,boll&i/s 9 ,brussels1 to ^: notice on ,mgr4 de ,ram we are indebt$ = mu* t appe>s 9 ?is sket*4 ,9 f9e1 ?is same ta/e = hi/orical rese>*1 especially 9 ! hi/ory ( 8 native l&1 made him take a mo/ di/+ui%$ place 9 ! ,royal ,academy ( ,belgium1 ( :i* he 0 = ?irty-"o ye>s "o ( ! *ief memb]s1 & especially 9 ! ,royal ,commission ( ,hi/ory1 f\nd$ precisely = ! promotion ( ! /udy ( ! national annals4 ,indefatigable 9 8 lab\rs1 nev]-fail+ 9 8 att5dance at ! meet+s ( ! ,commission1 br++ to !m ! ri* treasures ( 8 le>n+1 jo9$ to ! affability & conciliatory tone :i* always *>act]is$ him1 we are told by "o :o knew him !re1 t nev] dur+ t long p]iod 0 !re betwe5 him & 8 associates 9 t great "w ! lea/ %ad[ ( a diff]5ce4 ,true to ! end to 8 "w = religion & 8 c\ntry1 "o ( 8 la/ public acts1 two days be=e 8 dea?1 0 to assi/ at a meet+ ( ! ,academy2 & he leaves unf9i%$ ?ree works und]tak5 9 ! same holy cause3 ! ,*>tul>y ( ! ,abbey ( ,cambron1 ! prep>ation ( mat]ials = a g5]al & diplomatic hi/ory ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,l\va91 & ! collection & arrangem5t ( ! %ort ,flemi% *ronicles scatt]$ 9 manuscript ?r\gh ! ,belgian libr>ies1 ) a view to _! =m+ a comp5dium to ! great *ronicle ( ,de ,dynt]4 ,b x is n ) ,de ,ram's hi/orical lab\rs1 great z !y 71 t we are *iefly int]e/$4 ,8 great "w = u has be5 ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,l\va94 ,t univ]sity 0 propos$ by 8 ,hol9ess ,pope ,pius ,,ix4 z ! model :i* our bi%ops 7 to h 9 view 9 f\nd+ ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,irel&4 ,ov] x ,de ,ram presid$ = m ?an ?irty ye>s1 9 fact s9ce its f\ndation2 ! difficulties1 seem+ly insup]able1 ) :i* he _h to cont5d1 7 almo/ id5tical ) ^? t press our ,iri% in/itution2 ! means = ov]com+ ^! difficulties 9 ! two c\ntries 7 v simil>1 & we may hope t ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,belgium is b ! h>b+] ( ! success ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,irel&4 ,! ,univ]sity ( ,l\va9 0 call$ into exi/5ce to meet a condition ( ?+s1 ! p>allel ( :i* exi/$ 9 ,irel& 9 #ahej1 & to cope ) dang]s simil> to ^? :i*1 at t p]iod1 imp5d$ ov] ! ,ca?olics ( ?is empire4 ,9 its work+ x has w$d$ toge!r int]e/s :i* ! sophi/ry ( ! day makes x fa%ionable to repres5t z antagoni/ic4 ,x is em95tly national1 em95tly sci5tific1 em95tly ,ca?olic4 ,x cultivates lit]ature ) a zeal :i* does n int]f]e ) its devotion to !ology & o!r sacr$ /udies1 & pursues ev5 ! highe/ inve/igations ( sci5ce 9 su* a way z to prove t n[h]e c fre$om ( sci5tific rese>* f9d a m cong5ial home ?an 9 a ,ca?olic univ]sity4 ,^! s5tim5ts 7 eloqu5tly express$ by "o ( ! /ud5ts ( ! univ]sity4 ,m4 ,van ,tomme1 z he /ood by ! bi] ( ,mgr4 ,de ,ram1 spoke z foll[s1 9 ! "n ( 8 fell[ /ud5ts :o /ood ar\nd him3 8,! great "w f\nd$ by ! ,belgian episcopacy has gr[n "u ! %ad[ ( our political & religi\s indep5d5ce1 &1 z our rector himself express$ x1 #8,! univ]sity is n only a ,ca?olic in/itution1 b also a national in/itution'4 ,guid$ by ?is noble motto1 he direct$ = ?irty-"o ye>s ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity1 /r5g!n+ ea* day 9 our he>ts ! love ( religion & ( lib]ty1 t two-fold f\ndation on :i* re/s ! glory ( our pa/ hi/ory1 & :i* gu>antees ! future ( our c\ntry4 ,! c>e ( our s\ls1 ! cultivation ( our m9ds1 ^! 7 ! objects mo/ de> to 8 he>t z a prie/2 8 love = u made him f9d 9 u 8 rew>d1 8 joy1 8 bless+4 ,h[ c ,i express 8 fa!rly t5d]ness1 8 b\ndless devot$ness to our int]e/s1 8 delicate managem5t ( our national _s ( indep5d5ce8 ,^! 7 ! pr9ciples ) :i* he rul$ ov] ?is labori\s & difficult "w'''4 ,y "k ! bless$ fruits produc$ 9 ! education ( our c\ntry by ^! gifts ( m9d & he>t4 ,educational lib]ty1 rescu$ ble$+ f /rang] h&s1 fir/ took refuge 9 ! bosom ( our ,univ]sity1 :]e ,mgr4 ,de ,ram /ret*$ out 8 arms to welcome x1 & f t day =w>d wat*$ ov] x ) zeal\s c>e4 ,our ,univ]sity1 ! heiress ( a glori\s "n1 ! (fspr+ ( lib]ty & ( fai?1 "u ,mgr4 ,de ,ram's presid5cy1 has nobly b\nd up toge!r ! pa/ & ! pres5t4 ,^? great works urg$ on ) su* ard\r1 ! s]ri$ phalanx ( y\?s :o h gone =? f ?is ,in/itution1 ! em95t m5 :om ?is ,univ]sity has giv5 to our c\ntry & to ! ,*ur*1 all proclaim1 t 8 devot$ lab\rs h n be5 va91 & po9t out to u unmi/akeably ! greatness ( ! loss su/a9$ on ?is day by ,ca?olic y\?04 ,b we are anticipat+ ! c\rse ( ev5ts1 & we mu/ take up f ! comm5cem5t ! hi/ory ( ?is great man's connection ) ,l\va94 ,we mu/ ev5 g back a little2 =1 z ,fa!r de ,buck rem>ks1 x is only ?us we c correct "s errone\s ideas1 :i* h be5 freely circulat$1 & =m "s notion ( ! enorm\s difficulties :i* surr\nd$ ! f\ndation ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,belgium4 ,"s ( ^! errone\s ideas 7 ?us express$ by ,sir ,rob]t ,kane1 ,presid5t ( ! ,que5's ,college1 ,cork1 9 8 inaugural address at ! op5+ ( t e/abli%m5t1 on ! #g? ,novemb]1 #ahdi3 8,aft] ! revolution1 :i* r5d]$ ,belgium an indep5d5t k+dom1 ! "q ( univ]sity education occupi$ ! att5tion ( its gov]nm5t z "o ( ! greate/ mom5t4 ,! heads ( ! ,belgian ,*ur* 7 fully consult$1 & !y surely des]v$ to be1 f _! "r to cop]ate 9 e measure ( public welf>e4 ,! result has be5 ! in/itution ( ?ree great colleges3 "o at ,l\va91 =m$ 9 ! build+s ( ! old univ]sity1 & h5ce popul>ly call$ by ! "n ( ! #8,univ]sity ( ,l\va9'2 ! second college situat$ at ,liege2 & ! ?ird 9 ,gh5t4 ,/ud5ts foll[ _! /udies 9 any ( ^! colleges1 b !y d n !re get _! degrees4 ,:at c\rse did ! ,belgian au?orities take1 :51 aft] ! ,revolution1 !y _h 9 _! own h&s ! p[] ( giv+ to all ^? colleges a code ( securities = fai? & morals :i* might h s]v$ u "h z a model8 ,!y dem&$ to h ,l\va9 absolutely & exclusively "u _! own control1 & cons5t$ to leave ! colleges ( ,liege & ,gh5t 9 ! h&s ( gov]nm5t absolutely1 )\t any provision = moral discipl9e or religi\s in/ruction4 ,:at is ! practical result8 ,! ,college ( ,l\va9 conta9s only ! univ]sity faculties1 conduct$ on m$ieval models1 & educat+ aft] ! =ms ( old e/abli%$ univ]sities4 ,! ,colleges ( ,gh5t & ,liege conta9 ! practical bran*es1 to :i* ! majority ( ! "y m5 atta* !mselves4 ,! s*ools ( m9es & eng9e]+ are at ,liege4 ,! s*ools ( me*anics & ( practical *emi/ry are at ,gh5t4 ,!re are great s*ools ( m$ic9e at bo? colleges4 ,h5ce ! practical education is conduct$ at ^? colleges :]e !re is no religion & no discipl9e4 ,9 ,belgium !re are ?ree colleges1 "o ) ultra-ecclesia/ical discipl9e1 att5d$ g5]ally by ,ca?olic =eign]s1 :om ! traditional fame ( ! m$ieval univ]sity br+s to ,l\va94 ,! o!r two are colleges )\t religion1 to :i* ! majority ( ,belgian /ud5ts are drawn = practical education0 7,inaugural ,address1 pages #bc1 #bd74 ,9 ! c\rse ( ! notice we %all see h[ _m mis/atem5ts or mi/akes are conta9$ 9 ^! few s5t5ces4 ,9 ?is place suffice x to say1 t 9 ! ye> #ahfd alone1 #cbe /ud5ts ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,l\va9 took secul> ,degrees1 viz41 #aag 9 ,law1 #abe 9 ,m$ic9e1 #db 9 ,philosophy & ,lett]s1 & #da 9 sci5ce2 & s9ce #ahcf1 ! l>ge numb] ( #f1hha took ,degrees 9 ^? ,faculties1 viz41 #b1jbh 9 ,law1 ! same numb] 9 ,m$ic9e1 #a1hch 9 ,philosophy & ,lett]s1 & #ihg 9 ,sci5ce4 ,we h tak5 ^! figures f ! (ficial publication1 l',annuaire1 or ,univ]sity ,cal5d>1 = #ahfe1 & f x we also le>n1 t ( #gfh /ud5ts1 ! total numb] 9 ! univ]sity 9 ! ,session #ahfc-fd1 only #aba 7 ,/ud5ts ( ,!ology4 ,!re 7 9 ! ,faculty ( ,law #bjd1 9 t ( ,m$ic9e #bcj1 9 t ( ,philosophy & ,lett]s #ajb1 & 9 t ( ,sci5ce #aaa4 ,! true hi/ory ( ! circum/ances1 :i* prec$$ & accompani$ ! f\ndation ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,l\va91 may be briefly told1 z foll[s3 ,by ! treaty ( ,vi5na 9 #ahae1 ! ,ca?olic & ,prote/ant ,ne!rl&s1 ,belgium & ,holl&1 7 unit$ "u "o k+1 ,william ,i4 ( ! ,h\se ( ,orange4 ,imm$iately on 8 accession ?is mon>* propos$ = ! acceptance ( 8 :ole k+dom a con/itution :i* _h be5 orig9ally int5d$ = ,prote/ant ,holl& only4 ,?is con/itution 0 condemn$ z anti-,ca?olic by ! ord9>ies ( all ! dioceses ( ,belgium4 ,x 0 also reject$ by ! nobles or o!r *ief m5 ( ! /ate4 ,b x is wor?y ( rem>k1 t1 not)/&+ its condemnation by ! bi%ops1 only #abf vot]s out ( #acbe alleg$ ! attacks on ! ,*ur* z ! motive ( _! rejection ( ! con/itution2 & al?\gh #gff oppos$ x1 #ebg 7 f\nd to support ?is mo/ obnoxi\s portion ( x4 ,f ?is fact we see ! great /r5g? ( unca?olic op9ion 9 ,belgium fifty ye>s ago1 s9ce 9 s l>ge a numb] ( ! *ief m5 ( ! nation1 s few 7 f\nd to foll[ ! tea*+s ( _! bi%ops4 ,! t5 ye>s :i* foll[$ 7 sp5t by ! k+1 ,william ,i41 9 endeav\r+ to und]m9e & /ill m weak5 ! ,ca?olic & national feel+ 9 ,belgiumto m\ld t c\ntry & ,holl& into "o nationality1 :i* w\ld be animat$ by "o _s1 & t _s ,dut*1 & consequ5tly ,prote/ant4 ,= ?is purpose ,dut* 0 made ! (ficial language = all adm9i/rative purposes & 9 all ! c\rts ( law & o!r legal transactions4 ,! imm$iate result ( ?is measure 0 to ?r[ ! education ( ! great] "p ( ! ,belgian y\? into ! h&s ( ,dut*m51 & ,dut*m5 7 also plac$ 9 e po/ ( hon\r & emolum5t ?r\gh\t ! k+dom4 ,at l5g?1 on ! #ad? ( ,june1 #ahbe1 two royal decrees 7 publi%$1 by :i* x 0 s\ght to transf] to ! h&s ( ! ,prote/ant ,gov]nm5t ( ,holl& ! education ( ! :ole ( ! y\? ( all classes 9 ,ca?olic ,belgium4 ,! *ief provisions ( ! fir/ ( ^! decrees 7 z foll[3 8,:]eas _m s*ools & in/itutions = ! tea*+ ( ! ,lat9 & ,greek languages2 & = ! tra9+ ( y\? = ! ecclesia/ical /ate1 z well z = o!r pr(essions1 h be5 e/abli%$ )\t our cons5t2 & :]eas ,article #bbf ( ! ,fundam5tal ,law#ag has giv5 u ! *>ge ( public in/ruction ''' desir+ at ! same "t to facilitate & fav\r e arrangem5t by :i* "y m5 may be fitt$ to become well educat$ ecclesia/ics = ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*1''' we h decre$ & d h]eby decree'''4 8,art4 #b4 ,no ,lat9 s*ool1 college1 or a!naeum1 %all be e/abli%$ )\t ! express au?orisation ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior4 8,art4 #c4 ,no "o %all tea* ! ,lat9 & ,greek languages to ! *ildr5 ( m ?an "o family at once1 ei!r 9 prim>y s*ools or 9 private h\ses1 )\t hav+ fir/ obta9$ 9 "o ( ! univ]sities ( ! k+dom ! degree ( c&idat or ( ,docteur en ,lettres4 8,art4 #d4 ,all colleges1 a!naeums1 or ,lat9 s*ools1 are plac$ "u ! control ( ! ,dep>tm5t ( ! ,int]ior4 8,all colleges1 a!naeums1 or ,lat9 s*ools1 nam$ 9 ,art4 #a1 :i* at ! date ( ?is decree h n be5 approv$ z su* by =m] decrees1 %all be clos$ at ! end ( ! mon? ( ,septemb]1 #ahbe1 unless sanction$ be=e t "t04 ,by ! second royal decree a 8,philosophical ,college0 0 e/abli%$ 9 ,l\va9 = aspirants to ! prie/hood4 8,:]eas "s ( ! heads ( ! cl]gy h repres5t$ to u t ! prep>atory education giv5 to "y m5 int5d$ = ! ecclesia/ical /ate is insuffici5t1 & :]eas we are desir\s ( provid+ means to =m able ecclesia/ics = ! ,roman ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 8,art4 #a4 ,an e/abli%m5t = ! prep>atory education ( "y ,roman ,ca?olics aspir+ to ! ecclesia/ical /ate1 %all be provisorily erect$ at "o ( ! univ]sities 9 ! nor!rn prov9ces ( ! k+dom4 ,?is e/abli%m5t1 "u ! title ( #8,philosophical ,college'1 %all be in/all$ 9 a suitable build+'''4 ,! /ud5ts %all be receiv$ !re91 ) p]mission to we> ! ecclesia/ical habit4 8,art4 #ad1 ,aft] ! space ( two ye>s1 to be c\nt$ f ! op5+ ( ! #8,philosophical ,college'1 no philosophical lectures %all be giv5 9 ! episcopal sem9>ies'''4 ,aft] ! same "t no /ud5t %all be admitt$ into ! sem9>ies :o %all n h duly complet$ 8 c\rse ( /udies 9 ! #8,philosophical ,college'4 ,ea* /ud5t ( ! same college mu/ sp5d !re9 two ye>s at lea/04 ,?us did ! ,prote/ant ,k+ ( ! ,ne!rl&s ?9k he _h secur$ ! undisput$ control ( ! education1 ecclesia/ical & lay1 ( 8 ,belgian subjects2 b a v %ort "t suffic$ to conv9ce him ( 8 mi/ake4 ,9 va9 0 ! %ort delay ( two ye>s all[$ by ^! decrees ( ,june #ad?1 refus$ by a subsequ5t enactm5t ( ! #aa? ,july1 :i* /rictly =bade any /ud5t to be receiv$ f t day =w>d into any episcopal sem9>y 9 ,belgium1 unless he _h complet$ 8 prep>atory /udies 9 ! ,philosophical ,college4 ,9 va91 by ano!r decree ( ! #ad? ( ,augu/ foll[+1 ! y\? ( ,belgium 7 =bidd5 to seek abroad ! free ,ca?olic education d5i$ to !m at home1 & unless educat$ 9 "o ( ! /ate in/itutions1 decl>$ incapable ( hold+ any public (fice 9 ! gift ( ! gov]nm5t1 or ex]cis+ any ecclesia/ical function )9 ! k+dom4 ,9 va91 by a decree ( ! #bj? ,novemb]1 7 ! sup]iors ( ! diocesan sem9>ies ord]$ to dismiss =?) all y\?s receiv$ s9ce ! previ\s #aa? ( ,july2 & ! "y m5 !mselves also comm&$ to )draw4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 va9 0 all ! influ5ce ( ! gov]nm5t us$ to induce ! bi%ops to approve1 or at lea/ tol]ate1 ! new sy/em4 ,9 va9 0 x s\ght to conv9ce ! ,common ,fa!r ( ! ,fai?ful t ! ,philosophical ,college 0 unexceptionable1 by s5d+ to ,8 ,hol9ess' own sem9>y 9 ,rome "s y\?s ( exempl>y life1 :o might1 by _! good conduct1 belie ! condemnation pron\nc$ aga9/ ! in/itution :]e !y _h made _! e>ly /udies4 ,! episcopacy ( ,belgium cont9u$ firm 9 its opposition1 & ! ,sov]eign ,pontiff1 ,pope ,leo ,,xii41 direct$ 8 int]nuncio at ! ,hague to expla9 t x 0 impossible = ! head ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* to ass5t to measures de/ructive to ! lib]ties ( ,ca?olics1 or ev5 to ab/a9 f condemn+ !m & prote/+ aga9/ !m4 ,! ,belgian y\?s w\ld n g to ! ,philosophical ,college2 ! few :o w5t w\ld n be admitt$ to ,holy ,ord]s by ! bi%ops2 & f\r ye>s pass$ sl[ly along 9 passive opposition to ! inroads ( ! gov]nm5t on ,ca?olic education4 ,at la/1 on ! #bj? ( ,june1 #ahbi1 ! ,dut* ,gov]nm5t _h to ackn[l$ge itself vanqui%$4 ,a decree 0 publi%$ abrogat+ s mu* ( ! legislation ( #ahbe z r5d]$ att5dance at ! ,philosophical ,college obligatory4 ,b along ) ?is concession1 & p]haps z x 7 to neutralize x1 came new attacks 9 o!r ways on ! lib]ties ( ,ca?olic ,belgium4 ,! royal message to ! ,/ates-,g5]al at ! beg9n+ ( #ahcj1 recomm5d$ measures t5d+ to a fur!r unification ( ,belgium ) ,holl&4 ,ev5t foll[$ ev5t1 & be=e ! end ( ,augu/ a revolution broke out1 & five ( ! be/ m5 9 ,belgium 7 in/all$ at ,brussels z a provisional gov]nm5t1 "u ! presid5cy ( ! ,b>on de ,g]la*e1 n[ head ( ! ,society ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 & presid5t also ( ! rec5t ,ca?olic congresses at ,me*l94 ,:5 ! revolution broke out 9 #ahcj1 ! wise/ memb]s ( ! cl]gy said1 z ,fa!r de ,buck tells u1 8,fi]i non debuit1 s$ factum valet01 & ! :ole ( ! prie/hood made common cause ) ! p4 ,b1 al?\gh ! great masses ( ! c\ntry p rema9$ fai?ful to ,ca?olic pr9ciples1 & al?\gh ! nobility 0 return+ to ! practices ( religion2 al?\gh ! p]secution ( ! cl]gy by ! ,dut* ,gov]nm5t _h ar\s$ ! _s ( ! nation1 & sev]al ev5 ( ! infidel p>ty began to lay aside _! prejudices1 & to express sympa?y = ! fai?ful prie/hood ( _! common c\ntry1 /ill ! religi\s position ( ,belgium at t mom5t 0 mo/ unsatisfactory4 ,mgr4 ,van ,bommel1 ,bi%op ( ,liege1 tells u1 t 89 #ahch !re 7 9 ,belgium ab\t #ajj1jjj pseudo-lib]als1 deadly enemies ( ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*1 & mo/ p[]ful04 8,& x is n h>d01 cont9ues ! le>n$ prelate1 8to expla9 ! fact4 ,= m ?an =ty ye>s all :o are de/9$ to occupy positions ( importance 71 9 g5]al1 br\ght up )\t religi\s pr9ciples4 ,"u ! late gov]nm5t ! religi\s elem5t _h no "p 9 univ]sity tea*+2 a "p ( ?is tea*+ _h ev5 be5 entru/$ to m5 kn[n to pr(ess anti-religi\s pr9ciples4 ,! wick$ passions ( m51 dang]\s occasions1 bad example1 an immoral !atre1 & above all1 a lit]ature /eep$ 9 wick$ness or ho/ile to ,ca?olic pr9ciples29 f9e1 ! repeat$ decl>ations ( m5 :o1 = p>ty purposes1 told ! ris+ g5]ation t to x alone %\ld h5ce=? belong ! rights ( gov]nm5tall result$ 9 rais+ ?is "y g5]ation to su* a pit* ( pride1 indep5d5ce1 & lic5ti\sness1 t ! sweet yoke ( fai? & ! practices ( religion became insupportable4 ,?us 0 !re =m$1 outside ( ! masses1 :o rema9$ fai?ful1 a multitude ( m5 ( position & ( influ5ce1 :o "k ! religion ( _! fa!rs only f ! bad books :]e x is attack$1 f ! /age :]e x is insult$1 f ! assemblies :]e its sacr$ m9i/]s are ridicul$1 f ! newspap]s :]e x is calumniat$04 ,su* 0 ! religi\s position ( ,belgium :5 ! ,belgian episcopacy det]m9$ to f\nd ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,l\va94 ,public function>ies1 b>ri/]s1 physicians1 m]*ants1 manufactur]s1 ne>ly all ! m5 ( influ5ce 9 ! c\ntry1 7 infect$ ) t false lib]alism :i*1 z ,mgr4 de ,ram himself decl>$ 9 ,novemb]1 #ahcj1 made _m :o cri$ out mo/ l\dly = lib]ty1 int5d to use x only = self-aggr&isem5t & at ! exp5se ( ,ca?olicity4 ,! prospect 0 un9vit+2 b ! bi%ops 7 n to be daunt$1 al?\gh 9 ,febru>y1 #ahcd1 on _! publi%+ _! decree e/abli%+ ! univ]sity1 !re 7 di/urbances 9 ,brussels & 9 ne>ly all ! episcopal cities4 ,9 ,decemb]1 #ahcc1 !y _h obta9$ f ,pope ,gregory ,,xvi4 ! sanction ( _! project & an apo/olic brief = erect+ ! new univ]sity2 & 9 ,june1 #ahcd1 !y publi%$ 9 ano!r meet+ ! g5]al /atutes = its gov]nm5t4 ,on ! same occasion ! assembl$ prelates decid$ t ! y\?ful ,m4 de ,ramhe _h n yet complet$ 8 ?irtie? ye>1 & 0 !n a canon ( ! ,metropolitan ,*ur* ( ,me*l91 & pr(essor ( canon law & *ur* hi/ory 9 ! sem9>y ( t diocese%\ld occupy a di/+ui%$ place 9 ! new in/itution4 ,he 0 =mally appo9t$1 )9 ! next few mon?s1 head ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,belgium1 ) ! title :i* 9 pa/ ages app]ta9$ to t (fice,rector ,magnificus1 & 9 t capacity assi/$ at ! solemn inauguration ( ! univ]sity 9 ! ,ca!dral ( ,me*l91 on ! #d? ( ,novemb] ( ! same ye>1 #ahcd4 ,no soon] 0 he appo9t$ to 8 high (fice ?an he set ab\t f9d+ pr(essors = ! faculties ( !ology1 ( sci5ce1 & ( philosophy & lett]s1 :i* alone 7 to be op5$ ! fir/ ye> 9 ! tempor>y home ( ! univ]sity 9 ,me*l94 ,all ! prie/s he select$ 7 ,belgians4 ,( ! lay pr(essors "o 0 a ,belgian1 ! re/ 7 ,dut*1 ,fr5*1 ,g]mans1 & ,danes4 ,! foll[+ ye> ! univ]sity 0 transf]r$ to ,l\va91 & we h ! =mal act ( agreem5t ent]$ into 9 ,octob]1 #ahce1 betwe5 ,monsignor de ,ram & ! burgoma/] ( ! city ( ,l\va91 & aft]w>ds solemnly approv$ by ! bi%ops & municipality1 by :i* on ! "o h& ! bi%ops und]take to e/abli% a full univ]sity c\rse1 & on ! o!r h& ! t[n c\ncil 8und]takes to give gratuit\sly to ! ,univ]sity ! free use ( ! build+s des ,halles 7! great univ]sity lecture halls & o!r public build+s7 du ,collge du ,pape1 du ,collge des ,vtrans1 du ,collge du ,roi1 du ,collge des ,prmontres1 du ,collge de ,sa9t ,esprit1 et du ,!tre ,anatomique04 ,mgr4 de ,ram _h n[ to organise ! faculties ( law & ( m$ic9e1 & "h 8 difficulties increas$4 ,:]e 0 he to f9d pr(essors 9 :om fai? & true ,ca?olic pr9ciples 7 unit$ ) t pr(\nd & v>i$ le>n+ :i* w\ld fit !m to occupy *airs 9 ! new univ]sity8 ,:5 we consid] ! deplorable /ate ( ,ca?olic education among ! cultivat$ classes 9 ,belgium at ! "t we speak (1 ^! difficulties c be bett] imag9$ ?an express$2 & f ^! difficulties we may =m a judgm5t ( ! great prud5ce & consummate wisdom ?r\gh :i* ,monsignor de ,ram rais$ ! in/itution to t pr\d em95ce :i* is n[ enjoy$ by h] pr(essors among ! le>n$ bodies ( ,europe4 ,9 all h] faculties !re are among ! pr(essors n only m5 ( extraord9>y le>n+1 :o unite cle>ness & me?od ) dep? & ext5t ( k1 b also models ( e ,*ri/ian virtue2 s t ) good reason does ,f4 de ,buck conclude ?is portion ( 8 notice ( ! illu/ri\s prelate by exclaim+3 8,yes1 ! pr(essorial /aff br\ght toge!r by ,mgr4 de ,ram1 & :i* c h5ce=? be easily recruit$ f among/ ! /ud5ts ( ! univ]sity itself1 is ! *ief glory1 ! undy+ cr[n ( 8 rector%ip04 ,b to und]/& ! relations ( ,mgr4 de ,ram ) ! pr(essorial /aff ( ! univ]sity1 we %\ld read ! fun]al disc\rses :i* he pron\nc$ at ! obsequies ( ^? :o prec$$ him 9 dea?4 ,!y are publi%$ 9 ! ,univ]sity ,cal5d>s f #ahch to ?is "t1 & cle>ly prove ! e/eem & affection he bore to all :o 7 unit$ ) him 9 ! great "w ( 8 life1 ! c>e ) :i* he select$ !m1 ! zeal ) :i* he promot$ ! hon\r & happ9ess ( ea*1 & ! s9c]e joy ) :i* he 0 fill$ :5 well-m]it$ success cr[n$ _! lit]>y or sci5tific lab\rs4 ,8 devot$ness to ! /ud5ts ( ! ,univ]sity 0 n less ?an 8 affectionate e/eem = ! pr(essors4 ,by e means 9 8 p[] he s\ght to promote _! spiritual1 _! intellectual1 & ev5 _! temporal int]e/s4 ,& ?is anxiety = ! welf>e ( ! y\? entru/$ to him 0 n conf9$ to ! "t !y sp5t 9 ! univ]sity2 x foll[$ !m into aft] life4 8,8 fa!rly solicitude01 says ,m4 ,prosp] ,/aes1 ( ! ,brussels b>1 =m]ly a /ud5t ( ! univ]sity1 88 fa!rly solicitude 0 n limit$ to ! y\?s :o ga!r$ r\nd him ea* ye> = ! purposes ( /udy4 ,x foll[$ ! /ud5ts 9 _! sev]al c>e]s ?r\gh life4 ,8 old /ud5ts always f\nd 9 _! rector "o to enc\rage !m1 to c\nsel !m1 to ga!r !m ab\t him1 z a fa!r ga!rs 8 *ildr51 to rejoice 9 _! success9 a ^w1 to make !m 8 joy & 8 delight04 ,8 feel+s t[>ds ! /ud5ts1 & !irs to him1 z well z ! s5tim5ts ) :i* he unceas+ly s\ght to fill _! m9ds1 c well be ga!r$ f ! t\*+ words pron\nc$ ov] 8 lifeless rema9s by "o ( ! law /ud5ts ( ! univ]sity1 ,m4 ,van ,tomme3 8,to-day on ?is solemn occasion1 ! remembrance ( ! tw5ty-fif? anniv]s>y ( our univ]sity1 fills u ) s5tim5ts ( deep emotion4 ,surr\nd$ by ! multitude ( y\r /ud5ts :om y lov$ s mu*1 happy 9 be+ "o he>t & "o s\l ) !m1 y !n said3 ,ev] rememb] our wat*-^w3 ,god & our c\ntry2 ?is ^w epitomizes our duties & our pr9ciples4 ,yes2 we h tak5 to ourselves ?is ^w z our inh]itance4 ,x w be our com=t 9 ?is mom5t ( sorr[1 z 9 ^? days ( joy x excit$ our en?usiasm4 ,:]ev] our /ud5ts are call$ by duty1 ?is noble ?\ght w always be _! motto1 z x is to-day _! hope4 8,,god1 ! k ( :om y h imp>t$ to u s well1 to :om y\r life ( m]it1 hidd5 to m5's eyes1 is manife/ = y\r recomp5se4 8,& ,,our ,,c\ntry1 :i* 9 ! p]sons ( ^! numb]s ( y\?s :om y h educat$ = h]1 & fill$ ) y\r _s1 w ev] be> ^u h] ! impress ( ! works y h a*iev$1 & v5]ation = y\r memory04 ,we are told1 t 9 8 gov]nm5t ( ! /ud5ts1 he knew h[ to foll[ ! via m$ia betwe5 sev]ity & too great indulg5ce4 ,he 0 sometimes blam$ = excess 9 ! latt] direction2 b ^? :o make ?is accusation seem to =get t he _h to d ) ! direction1 n ( an ecclesia/ical sem9>y1 nor ev5 ( a s*ool or college1 b ( an univ]sity1 :]e "y m5 7 to be prep>$1 n = ! s]vice ( ! sanctu>y1 b = ! busy sc5es ( life1 & :]e op5+ manhood1 fre$ f ! re/ra9ts ( boyhood1 0 to be g5tly l$ r ?an =c$1 to love ! beautiful pa?s ( wisdom on acc\nt ( _! beauty1 & to walk /eadily 9 !m1 because ( ! goal to :i* !y lead4 ,if he did n h9d] ev]y?+ t is evil1 he is n to be blam$2 = no legislator c ev] aim at ?is2 & we are told by ! ,inc>nate ,wisdom ,himself1 t ! cockle mu/ at times be p]mitt$ to gr[ ) ! :eat1 le/ 9 pluck+ x up1 ! good gra9 %\ld be injur$4 ,b t 8 "w produc$ bless$ fruits1 & t ^? fruits are likely to rema91 is evid5t to e "o :o comp>es ! /ate ( religi\s education among ,belgian ,ca?olics :5 x 0 f\nd$1 ) its /ate at pres5t4 ,he did ev]y?+ 9 8 p[] to pres]ve & /r5g!n ! _s & practice ( religion among ! /ud5ts4 ,he e/abli%$ a regul> c\rse ( religi\s in/ruction1 at :i* all ! /ud5ts ( philosophy are oblig$ to assi/1 & to :i* ! o!r /ud5ts are invit$2 twice ea* ye> he br\ght ! mo/ di/+ui%$ prea*]s to ,l\va9 to deliv] religi\s conf]5ces1 :i* might s]ve z a prep>ation = ! ,pas*al communion2 he assi/$ 9 e/abli%+ 9 ! ,univ]sity bran*es1 or conf]5ces ( ! ,society ( ,/4 ,v9c5t de ,paul1 & to ! utmo/ ( 8 p[] enc\rag$ ! ,sodality or ,congregation ( ! ,bless$ ,virg91 :i* 0 f\nd$ by ! ,jesuit ,fa!rs 9 ! *apel ( _! resid5ce1 & numb]s ov] two hundr$ memb]s1 all lay /ud5ts ( ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity4 ,:at h be5 ! results8 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ?is article we saw ! deplorable /ate ( educat$ ,ca?olics 9 ,belgium 9 #ahcj1 ) respect to ,ca?olic feel+s & pr9ciples4 ,at t "t ! numb] ( ,ca?olic b>ri/]s & physicians :o practis$ _! religion 0 extremely small4 ,n[1 9 ,brussels1 ,liege1 & ,gh5t1 ! great] "p ( ! "y b>1 if n ( ! :ole b> practis+ 9 ! *ief c\rts ( law1 :i* are situat$ 9 ^! ?ree cities1 are ?or\ghly devot$ to ! ,ca?olic ,*ur*4 ,)\t d\bt1 sev]al ( ^! "y lawy]s did n /udy 9 ,l\va92 !y owe ! pres]vation ( _! fai? to ! good education receiv$ 9 ! bosom ( _! families1 9 ! ,jesuit ,colleges1 & 9 o!r ,ca?olic in/itutions2 b a l>ge numb] has /udi$ 9 ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity1 & all ( !m mu/ be greatly confirm$ 9 _! religi\s feel+s & pr9ciples1 & mu/ d]ive new /r5g? & c\rage to decl>e !m op5ly1 f ! public _s r$ol5t ( ,ca?olicity :i* proce$s f ,l\va94 ,we are told t "o ( ! mo/ int]e/+ features ( ! great ,ca?olic ,congress ( ,mal9es 9 #ahfc1 0 ! pres5ce ( eight hundr$ /ud5ts ( ! ,univ]sity ( ,l\va91 y\?s z di/+ui%$ = le>n+ z = ! truly ,ca?olic _s by :i* !y 7 animat$ on t mo/ int]e/+ occasion4 ,we are also told1 t 9 all ! great cities1 & "s ( ! small] t[ns ( ,belgium1 lit]>y societies are spr++ up1 :i* publicly proclaim ! ,ca?olic pr9ciples on :i* !y are f\nd$2 & t ! class 9 ,belgium mo/ devot$ to ! int]e/s ( religion1 is precisely ! educat$ ,ca?olic y\? ( ! c\ntry4 ,:at wond]1 !n1 t ! imm5se influ5ce = good ex]cis$ by ! ,univ]sity ( ,l\va91 "u ! presid5cy ( its di/+ui%$ rector1 %\ld be ackn[l$g$ 9 ,belgium by enemies z well z fri5ds1 & t on m occasions ?an "o ! ,holy ,see itself %\ld h exhort$ ! bi%ops ( o!r c\ntries1 z well z ( ,irel&1 to imitate _! bre?r5 ( ,belgium by f\nd+ a ,ca?olic ,univ]sity l t ( ,l\va96 ,:ile lab\r+ to make ! y\? ( ! ,univ]sity good ,*ri/ians1 ,mgr4 de ,ram lab\r$ also ) indefatigable zeal to make !m le>n$ m5 & good citiz5s4 ,,fai?1 ,,le>n+1 ,,lib]ty1 7 ! words :i* he lov$ to unite 9 8 disc\rses4 ,e "o kn[s ! results ( 8 inculcat+ ^? pr9ciples )\t ceas+ on ! "y ,belgians entru/$ to him by 8 ,ca?olic c\ntry1 :i* _h j recov]$ its lib]ty f ,prote/ant ,holl&2 & ! num]\s & high di/9ctions won by ! /ud5ts ( ,l\va91 9 ! public exam9ations to :i* ! :ole y\? ( ,belgium is admissible1 atte/ ! excell5ce ( ! lit]>y & sci5tific tea*+ ( ! ,univ]sity1 :ile ! elevat$ positions n[ occupi$ by _m ( its anci5t alumni prove beyond ga9say+1 t its educational fruits rema91 & w be an abundant s\rce ( intellectual1 social1 & political bless+s to ,belgium4 ,su* is ! in/itution :i* has j lo/ its fir/ rector1 we may say its f\nd]4 ,su* ! "w :i* ,mgr4 de ,ram direct$ ) consummate wisdom = ?irty-"o ye>s4 ,su* ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( :i* ,belgium1 nay ,*ri/5dom1 may well be pr\d4 ,x is a great lesson to u all to see t ev5 9 ^! days ( m]e mat]ial progress1 )\t fai?1 )\t ,*ri/ian love:5 m5 w\ld fa9 p]suade u t le>n+1 to be a bless+1 ne$ n be ref]r$ to ,god or religion:5 ! apo/le's words3 8,sci5tia inflat1 *>itas v]o a$ificat01 are held to be n ov] true4 ,an ,univ]sity f\nd$ & gov]n$ by a ,ca?olic episcopacy1 by ! aid ( _! ,ca?olic p only1 e/abli%$ on purely ,ca?olic pr9ciples1 )\t any ( ^? helps :i* m5 ( ! _w value mo/1 already 9 its infancy rivals ! great seats ( le>n+ ( ! middle ages4 ,& all ?is is due 9 a great measure to "o man1 :o at ?irty ye>s ( age 0 call$ by ! ,belgian ,episcopacy to rule ov] x1 & :o1 ) untir+ en]gy1 consummate wisdom1 & g5tle p]sev]ance1 m\ld$ e "p into p]fect symmetry1 s t s*ismatical ,russia came to /udy ! model1 & ! ,holy ,see c\ld say to ,irel&1 z well z to any o!r c\ntry wi%+ = a ,ca?olic ,univ]sity3 8,inspice1 et fac secundum exempl>04 ,) no m fitt+ words c we conclude ?is brief notice1 ?an ) ^? spok5 by ! ,vice-,rector ( ! ,univ]sity at 8 fun]al3 8,! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,l\va9 0 indebt$ to ,god & to ! bi%ops ( ,belgium = h] ,rector3 to h] ,rector %e owes ev]y?+ else04#ah ,,liturgical ,,que/ions4 ,a rev]5d correspond5t has tak5 occasion f our rem>ks 9 ! la/ numb] ( ! ,record1 to ask a "q ab\t ! cu/om preval5t 9 ,irel& ( recit+ ! ,de pr(undis aft] mass4 ,we w quote 8 own words3 8,9 read+ ! liturgical que/ions 9 y\r la/ numb] ( ! ,record1 x occurr$ to me to inquire on :at au?ority is f\nd$ ! practice ( recit+ ! ,de pr(undis aft] mass1 :e!r x c be omitt$ ad libitum1 secluso sc&alo1 & :e!r x %\ld be said at ! alt>1 or :5 ! prie/ desc5ds1 or :5 go+ into ! sacri/y04 ,! practice ( recit+ ! ,de ,pr(undis aft] ea* l[ mass1 we believe1 exi/s 9 all ,irel&1 )\t any exception ( diocese or di/rict1 & has exi/$ = a long p]iod4 ,x is ! op9ion ( _m well v]s$ 9 ,iri% ecclesia/ical matt]s1 t x 0 introduc$ & au?oris$ by ! ,holy ,see z a sub/itute = ! num]\s masses & suffrages = :i* innum]able end[m5ts 7 f\nd$ by ! piety ( ! fai?ful 9 =m] times1 & :i* 7 tak5 away f ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* at ! "t ( ! ,re=mation4 ,x is m ?an probable t a rescript f ! ,holy ,see au?oris$ ?is practice1 9 ord] t ! pi\s int5tions ( ! f\nd]s ( su* end[m5ts might n altoge!r be fru/rat$ by ! rapacity ( ! re=m]s4 ,x is difficult to und]/& h[1 "u o!r circum/ances1 ! practice c\ld h become s univ]sal 9 ,irel&4 ,inde$ we h he>d x rem>k$1 t possibly a rescript ( an old date be>+ on ?is subject might be f\nd2 & if any ( our read]s c\ld aid u 9 gett+ au!ntic docum5ts on ! matt]1 we ne$ sc>cely say h[ anxi\s we w\ld be to ins]t !m or any in=mation connect$ ) ?is subject 9 ! ,record4 ,:ile writ+ ^! l9es we h be5 in=m$ t 9 ! ,iri% ,college1 ,p>is1 !re is a rescript au?oris+ ! recital ( ! ,de pr(undis aft] ! community mass 9 ! college4 ,ap>t1 h[ev]1 f ?is consid]ation we may reply t ! recital ( ! ,de pr(undis _c be omitt$ ad libitum4 ,:atev] may h be5 its orig91 x has become a usage ) ! =ce ( law1 aga9/ :i* no individual is at lib]ty to act4 ,ev5 if ! ,holy ,see did n au?orise ! practice 9 ! comm5cem5t1 x mu/ necess>ily h be5 introduc$ by ! bi%ops ( ! day1 & its cont9uance = s long a p]iod ?r\gh\t ! entire ,iri% ,*ur* )\t any reclamation f ecclesia/ical au?ority1 w\ld be q suffici5t to %[ t all %\ld con=m to su* a practice1 :i* 9 itself is s holy & useful1 & calculat$ to conf] su* advantages on ! suff]+ s\ls 9 ,purgatory4 ,we are !re=e cle>ly ( op9ion t no prie/ c on pr9ciple omit ! ,de pr(undis1 & we w\ld take ! lib]ty ( rem9d+ him ( ! munific5t end[m5ts e/abli%$ 9 =m] ages ( ! ,iri% ,*ur* = ! exclusive object ( hav+ ,requiem ,masses said1 & secur+ ! suffrages ( ! fai?ful 9 aid ( ! suff]+ s\ls 9 ,purgatory4 ,we w\ld ref] our read]s1 = in=mation on ?is po9t1 to ,dr4 ,lanigan's ,ecclesia/ical ,hi/ory ( ,irel&1 vol4 iii4 *ap4 #ba4 ,) reg>d to ! prop] "t = say+ ! ,de pr(undis1 we ?9k t ! practice ( say+ x at ! foot ( ! alt> is ! mo/ correct4 ,we "k ?is to be ! c\rse adopt$ by _m prie/s1 :o desc5d f ! alt>1 make a g5uflexion or a rev]5ce to ! alt>1 & !n /&+ recite ! ,de pr(undis4 ,by ?is plan x is made manife/ t ! ,de pr(undis is a ?+ q di/9ct f ! ,mass1 & n app]ta9+ to x4 ,h[ev]1 x is "r to say t no?+ decisive c be laid d[n z to ! place & "t ( recit+ x4 ,!re is a decree ( ! ,sacr$ ,congregation ( ,rites giv5 by ,m]ati 9 8 ,s]ies ,decretorum1 p4 #dcf1 :i* is z foll[s3 8,qu&o ade/ legatum quod sac]dos antequam disc$at ab alt>i1 recitet aliquod ,evangelium1 ,psalmum1 seu orationem po/ t]m9atam missam1 debet on]i sibi injuncto satisfac]e po/ f9em missae exutis ve/ibus sac]dotalibus et cum sola cotta 9 alt>i vel 9 sacri/ia et sic legatum adimpl]e ,s4 ,r4 ,c41 #ca ,augu/i1 #affi1 9 ,conv]san504 ,^! words w\ld appe> to imply t 9 our case ! sacr$ ve/m5ts %\ld be tak5 (f4 ,h[ev]1 on ref]r+ to ! decree itself 9 ,g>dell9i1 we f9d its t]ms are n s compreh5sive z ! int]pretation ( ,m]ati w\ld make !m4 ,! foll[+ are ! words3 8#bcci4 ,conv]san4 ,capitulum ,collegiatae ,rosigliani ,dioecesis ,conv]san5sis exposuit 9 ,s4 ,r4 ,c4 ,nicolaum ,franciscium 9 ejus sub quo decessit te/am5to1 reliquisse ejus bona dicto capitulo cum on]e celebr&i ,missam quotidianam et s+ulis diebus v5]is de ,passione et cum on]e1 t]m9ata missa po/ ,evangelium 9 pr9cipio erat v]bum1 etc41 recit&i ipsam ,passionem secundum ,johannem4 ,et pro9de cum dicta dispositio sit contra ,ritus ,ecclesia/icos supplicavit pro decl>atione4 ,an dicta passio recit&a sit po/ dictum ,evangelium alibi p] celebrantem8 8,et ,s4 eadem ,c4 c5suit3 ,recit&am esse po/ f9em missae exutis ve/ibus sac]dotalibus et cum sola cotta 9 alt>i vel 9 sacri/ia4 ,hac die #ca ,augu/i1 #affi04 ,! words ( ?is decree d n ref] to a psalm or pray]1 b simply to ! passion ( ,/4 ,john1 & h5ce1 z f> z our "q is conc]n$1 no conclusion c be cle>ly e/abli%$ except by analogy1 & by :atev] weight may atta* to ! au?ority ( ,m]ati1 :o manife/ly ?us ext5ds ! mean+ ( ! decree4 ,aft] writ+ ^! l9es1 we h le>n$ f a di/+ui%$ ecclesia/ic1 t !re exi/s a ,rescript ( ! ,holy ,see ab\t ! recital ( ! ,de pr(undis 9 ,irel& aft] ,mass4 ,he has k9dly promis$ to procure x = a future numb] ( ! ,record1 :5 we %all gladly ins]t x4 ,! same rev]5d correspond5t calls our att5tion to ano!r matt] :i* inde$ is ( v great importance1 & on :i* we %all make a few rem>ks4 ,our correspond5t says1 t ! alt> bread us$ 9 ?is c\ntry is ( a v inf]ior k9d1 & n elegant1 & t x leaves on ! corporal _m fragm5ts4 ,if ?is be ! case 9 "s p>ts ( ! c\ntry1 x is unnecess>y to say t x is a matt] ( su* importance t imm$iate att5tion %\ld be call$ to x by ! p>i% prie/s or ! sup]iors ( ! diff]5t *ur*es4 ,z f> z we are aw>e1 we h no gr\nds = compla9t on ?is head1 z g5]ally speak+ ! breads are made 9 ?is city ) c>e & neatness & v few fragm5ts fall f !m4 ,x is q possible1 h[ev]1 t 9 "s di/ricts suffici5t c>e may n be be/[$ on ?is matt]1 & ! breads may n be made ) t c>e :i* ! maje/y ( ! great ,sacrifice dem&s4 ,we h he>d f p]sons compet5t to give an op9ion on ! subject1 t 9 "s di/ricts abuses h crept 92 = in/ance1 :5 ! sup]ior ( a *ur*1 p]sonally responsible = ! due obs]vance ( ! rubrics conc]n+ ! ,holy ,sacrifice1 leaves to a s]vant ! mak+ & cutt+ ( ! breads = ! use ( ! alt>4 ,9 su* cases !re is great dang] t ?r\gh c>elessness or neglig5ce !y w n be prop]ly made4 ,! cutt]s or ! ma*9es = mak+ !m 9 ! c\rse ( "t w become impair$ & q unfit = _! purpose1 & a m]e s]vant may n try to rem$y ! evil4 ,= ?is reason1 we w\ld /rongly recomm5d all conc]n$ to engage "s community ( nuns or o!rs well v]s$ 9 su* matt]s1 & :o at ! same "t fully und]/& ! importance ( :at !y are engag$ 91 to make ! alt> breads4 ,we h ourselves exam9$ ! alt> breads made by v>i\s communities1 & seldom _h we any reason to f9d fault1 except 9 "s in/ances :5 ! l>ge alt> breads appe>$ to u to be too ?ick4 ,?is sugge/ion1 we ?9k1 w meet our rev]5d correspond5t's "q z to ! improvem5ts t may be made 9 connection ) ?is matt]4 ,he !n proce$s3 8,x may be obs]v$ "h t ! cutt]s too are ( no regul> size4 ,!y are g5]ally ov] small4 ,i h se5 breads no l>g] ?an a sixp5ce int5d$ = communicat+ ! fai?ful4 ,9 ! di/ribution ( su* v small p>ticles !re is evid5tly dang] ( irrev]5ce04 ,no "o c "q ! tru? ( :at our correspond5t /ates2 b we mu/ say t we h g5]ally f\nd ! breads suffici5tly l>ge :5 made by ! conv5ts or o!rs duly *>g$ ) s important a matt]1 & we may also rem>k t ! cutt]s w n be made too small if !re be no dem& = !m on ! "p ( ! cl]gy4 ,! small breads ought to be consid]ably l>g] ?an a %ill+ & v little "u a two-%ill+ piece4 ,we are mu* oblig$ to our rev]5d correspond5t = call+ our att5tion to ?is matt]1 & we hope ! obs]vations :i* we h tak5 ! lib]ty ( mak+1 w h ! effect ( correct+ any abuses t may exi/1 & induc+ all p]sons conc]n$ to provide !mselves ) cutt]s ( a prop] size1 or :at w\ld be /ill bett]1 to secure ! s]vices ( a religi\s community1 or ( o!rs duly au?oriz$ to prep>e ! breads = ! use ( ! alt>4 ,we %all close ^! obs]vations by giv+ "s extracts on ! pres5t subject1 f a v useful book publi%$ at ,l\va91 by ,rev4 ,p4 ,j4 ,f4 ,de ,h]dt1 entitl$ ,sacrae ,liturgiae ,praxis1 :i* is v highly e/eem$4 ,i4 ,qualis debet esse ,ho/ia1 ut valide et licite sit consecrabilis8 ,r4 ,ut valide consecretur1 debet esse confecta ex tritico cum aqua1 saltem 9 majori quantitate1 et esse non corrupta3 ut licite consecretur1 debet esse #a s9e admixtione aliorum granorum et liquorum praetor triticum et aqu>m naturalem2 #b panis azymus2 #c rec5t] confecta 7,vide p4 #b4 n4 #cj4 ad4 ,,iii472 #d rotunda1 integra et non fracta2 #e c&ida et non maculata2 #f t5uis2 #g ord9>iae magnitud9is2 #h cum imag9e ,crucifixi1 quam ei impressam esse conv5it3 9 eo tam5 s]v&am esse consuetud9em respondit4 ,s4 ,r4 ,c4 #bf4 ,ap4 #ahcd4 n4 #degd4 ,vid4 ,qu>ti quae/4 proaem4 s4 #e4 puncto #d4 dub4 #c4 ,h9c hi duo v]sus4 ,c&ida1 triticea1 ac t5uis1 non magna1 rotunda4 ,exp]s f]m5ti1 non falsa1 sit ho/ia ,*ri/i4 ,,ii4 ,quoad confectionem ,ho/i>um not&a sunt sequ5tia3 8,conv5iret a ,sac]dotibus1 ,cl]icis aut ,religiosis ho/ias 9 ,missa usurp&as confici1 ut omni errori1 praes]tim admixtionis liquoris vel grani alt]ius obvi>etur1 et cum majori nitore et rev]5tia tract>5tur3 passim enim v5ales satis incurie tractantur et sordide1 quod e/ indec5s 9 mat]ia tanti tamque puri ,sacrificii'''4 ,ut autem ho/iae purissime s9e ulla admixtione1 nec non hone/issime fiant2 haec erunt s+ul>it] obs]v&a3 imprimis triticum1 si fi]i pote/1 magno /udio granatim eligatur2 electum 9 sacculo mundo et de bono panno ad hoc opus tantum facto ponatur1 atque a famulo boni /udii ad mol5d9um def]atur4 ,quo delato1 famulus aliud frum5tum 9 ipso mol5d9o moli prius faciat1 ut illud1 unde ho/iae fi]i deb5t1 s9e aliqua sorde moli po/ea valeat4 ,reportata f>9a1 ,cl]ici antequam incipiant1 manus lav5t1 ipsamque cribr5t4 ,de9de unus sup] tabulam mundissimam ipsam f>9am aqua consp]gat1 et manibus =tit] comp+at1 atque mac]et4 ,po/ea 9 f]rum1 9 quo coquuntur1 ponat et coquat1 adv]t5s ut imago sacra ,crucifixi1 et non alia tam majoribus1 quam m9oribus sit impressa4 ,nec non ut nitide et /udiose fiant1 eas =cipibus ad id tantum p>atis1 vel alio simili in/rum5to tondeat04 ,v9itor p4 #c4 tit4 #c4 annot4 #aa4 ,,docum5ts4 ,i4 ,,dubia ,,circa ,,miss>um ,,it]ationem1 ,,applicationem ,,missae ,,pro ,,populo1 ,,et ,,receptionem ,,eleemosynae4 ,ex ,s4 ,congregatione ,concilii ,trid5t9i ,int]pretum4 ,,visitationis ,,ss4 ,,lim9um4#ai ,comp5dium ,facti4,episcopus ,a 9 relatione /atus suae ,dioecesis ad ,s4 ,s$em transmissa1 haec exposuit3 8,duc5tae circit] ,p>oeciae1 9 hac ,dioecesi extant1 quae aliam filialem sibi adnexam hab5t1 9 qua ,p>o*us diebus dom9icis et fe/is p] annum1 secundam ,missam celebrat3 et circa hanc consuetud9em1 div]sa dubia1 suboriuntur sup] quibus decl>ationem necess>iam a ,s4 ,congregatione humilit] expo/ulo4 ,et primum animadv]t]e debeo1 quod fidelium num]us iuxta has ecclesias commorantium1 valde v>ius e/3 9 aliquibus sunt qu9que vel decem1 9 aliis duc5ti1 imo et sexc5ti4 ,di/antia a matrice1 modo ad milli>ium non att+it1 modo sunt duo1 tria1 aut quatuor milli>ia4 ,valde difficile =et etiam po/ exquisitam inve/igationem def9ire utrum hae ecclesiae nunc filiales1 fu]9t aliqu&o ecclesiae matrices1 seu v]ae p>oeciae04 ,quatuor pro9de dubia proponebat ,s4 ,concilii ,congregationi1 quae antequam solv]5tur1 rogatus e/ ,episcopus1 ut magis praecise ref]ret de omnimoda defici5tia ,sac]dotum1 ac m$iorum quibus p] alium celebr>i posset 9 filialibus ecclesiis2 et utrum ecclesiae modo filiales nuncupatae1 dotem aliquam seu congruam1 di/9ctam a matrice hab]5t1 p]quisitis actis ,curiae1 ac ,,ss4 ,visitationum4 ,at1 quae relata sunt1 suffici5tia non erant ad integram quae/ionem s+illatim def9i5dam1 quae +5tem p>oeci>um num]um complectebatur4 ,relatum enim e/ de magna et g5]ica presbit]orum defici5tia1 eorumque r$ituum paup]tate1 qui dum prius ex decimis alebantur2 de9de1 8 subtractis1 assignata e/ pro quolibet p>o*o1 c]ta p5sio1 indep5d5t] omn9o a populorum num]o1 vel p>o*i>um quas quilibet regit4 ,conc9nata itaque hac ratione fu]unt proposita ab ,episcopo dubia4 ,i4 8,utrum haec consuetudo secundam ,missam celebr&i1 tol]&a sit 9 omnibus pra$ictis ecclesiis adnexis1 ubi hic mos ita invaluit1 ut populus etiam ius ad illam exig5dam exi/imet se hab]e04 ,,ii4 8,utrum ,p>o*us necess>io debeat illam secundam ,missam applic>e pro ,populo sicuti primam1 vel lib]am ret9eat illius applicationem cum /ip5dio04 ,,iii4 8,utrum lic5tiam d>e queat ,episcopus ad illam secundam ,missam celebr&am 9 casibus similibus1 et 9 locis ubi talis consuetudo usque adhuc non invaluit04 ,,iv4 8,utrum praes]tim pra$ictam lic5tiam conc$]e possit tempore collectionis messium1 cum plurimi op]>ii 9 uno pra$io seu villa concurrant1 qui c]te missam non audir5t1 nisi ,p>o*us secundam 9 eo loco dic]et1 ex eo quod alius ,sac]dos ad illam dic5dam hab]i non possit04 ,,disceptatio ,,synoptica4 ,quoad missae it]ationem4,ex (ficio1 haec praecipua capita iuris proponebantur ,s4 ,congregationi4 ,praemissa nempe notione hi/orica discipl9ae quae successive hanc miss>um it]ationem mod]ata e/1 allegabatur caput #c de celebrat4 miss>4 9 quo ita sanxit ,innoc5tius ,,iii4 8,excepto die ,nativitatis ,dom9icae nisi causa necessitatis suadeat1 sufficit ,sac]doti semel 9 die unam ,missam solummodo celebr>e04 ,ubi v]bum sufficit1 non conv5i5tiam aliquam comm5dat1 s$ v]am praeceptum cont9et1 ceu etiam docuit ,b5$ict4 ,,xiv4 9 ,con/4 ,decl>a/i nobis4 ,qua5am porro debeat esse necessitas ab ,innoc5tio indicata1 licet disputav]9t de ea ,doctores1 hodie1 praes]tim po/ hanc ,b5$icti ,,xiv4 ,con/itutionem1 illa e/ 7subiungebatur7 qua rep]itur presbit] qui duas habeat p>oecias1 et 9 alt]utram nequeat ,populus conv5ire1 nec alius habeatur presbit] praet] ,p>o*um1 qui missam possit celebr>e4 ,et similis reputatur etiam casus quo ,p>o*us etsi non praesit duabus p>oeciis1 tam5 vel duos regat int] se dissitos populos1 quorum unus ob magnam locorum di/antiam1 assi/]e non possit ,p>o*o celebranti1 vel etiam si una sit ,ecclesia1 quae univ]sum ,populum simul cap]e non possit4 ,extra huiusmodi necessitatis casus1 neque consuetudo1 etsi vetu/issima suffrag>i pote/ ,miss>um it]ationi1 ut ,s4 ,c4 ,c4 9 ,d]tus5 #bj ,augu/i #agfh1 et alibi c5suit4 ,adnotabatur v]o 9 facto quod licet hab]etur g5]ica presbit]orum defici5tia1 tam5 ex ea argui non pot]at v]a necessitas 9 qualibet p>oecia4 ,caet]um obs]vabatur1 di/antiam ,ecclesi>um quae filiales nuncupabantur1 a ,p>o*iali ,ecclesia1 ab uno circit] lapide1 usque ad tria et quatuor passuum millia prot5di3 et fideles 9 multis ,ecclesiis usque ad bisc5tum et sexc5tum asc5d]e1 quamvis 9 nonnullis1 non nisi qu9que vel decem tantum1 rep]iantur4 ,ob quas peculi>es circum/antias1 exponebatur responsio ,s4 ,c4 9 casu non absimili1 proposito p] ,summ>ia precum die #ab ,ianu>ii #ahdg 9 ,l+on54 ,9 eo enim p>it] agebatur ,i4 de consuetud9e qua nonnulli anim>um ,pa/ores1 ,missam it]abant eodem die2 et ad]at ,,ii4 qua$am ,communitas1 uno circit] lapide1 a ,p>o*iali ,ecclesia sep>ata1 con/ans vig9ti circit] p]sonis4 ,et ,s4 ,c4 respondit3 8,scribatur ,episcopo ut conc$at bis ,missam celebr&i lic5tiam1 quat5us eae circum/antiae1 et praecisae necessitatis casus concurrant1 quos ,b5$ict4 ,,xiv4 9 sua ,con/4 ,decl>a/i nobis requirit2 9 casu v]o quem idem orator proponit1 7seu 9 secundo casu7 lic5tiam esse conc$5dam04 ,qu&o applic&a non e/ secunda missa pro populo4,quod att9et v]o ad applicationem secundae ,missae pro populo1 aff]ebatur ,resolutio ,s4 ,c4 ,c4 9 ,luc54 applicationis ,miss>um #ab ,m>tii #aggd 9 qua proposito dubio3 8,an ,p>o*i duabus ,ecclesiis p>o*ialibus praepositi1 t5eantur ,dom9icis1 aliisque ,fe/is diebus1 ,missam 9 unaquaque ,ecclesia sive p] se sive p] alios applic>e pro populo 9 casu0 responsum prodiit3 ,affirmative1 exceptis tantum p>o*iis unitis1 unione pl5>ia et ext9ctiva1 et scribatur ,episcopo iuxta in/ructionem4 ,in/ructio v]o cont9ebat3 ,s4 ,congregationem nunquam dubitasse1 quod ,p>o*i t5eantur applicationi supradictae ,missae pro populo s+ulis diebus ,dom9icis1 et ,fe/is 9 unaquaque ex ,ecclesiis ,p>o*ialibus quae vel aeque pr9cipalit]1 vel subiective coniunctae sunt1 atque incorporatae2 cum applicatio unius tantummodo ,missae pro populo1 locum habeat 9 iis p>o*ialibus quae invicem adeo unitae et coniunctae atque incorporatae sunt1 ut ex duabus una prorsus cum ext9ctione tituli alt]ius evas]it4 ,9 praes5ti autem facto quamvis ex d$uctis non pot]at c]to det]m9>i natura unionis1 animadv]tebatur tam51 non deesse indicia quae videbantur exclud]e pl5>iam et ext9ctivam unionem4 ,caet]um1 sub9agebatur1 si ,p>o*i it]>e ,missam deb]5t1 non ratione duplicis ,p>oeciae1 s$ solummodo ratione necessitatis1 quamvis secundam ,missam ad libitum applic>e poss5t1 nullam tam5 pro hac celebratione recip]e possunt eleemosynam2 quod dici etiam debet de quolibet ,sac]dote qui nullam habeat anim>um curam1 ceu omissis cet]is1 def9itum fuit 9 ,cam]ac54 ,missae pro ,populo #be ,septemb4 #aheh1 cuius resoluta dubia videbis inf]ius4 ,resolutio ,dubiorum4,sacra ,congregatio ,concilii die #bb ,febru>ii #ahfb respond]e c5suit3 ad ,i4 et ,,iii4 affirmative iudicio ,episcopi1 nulla habita ratione consuetud9is1 et quat5us 9 unoquoque casu concurrant circum/antiae necessitatis ad =mam ,con/itutionis ,b5$ect9ae et ,decl>ationis sacrae ,congregationis diei #ad ,octobris #ahdc relatae 9 ,cam]ac54 ,missae pro ,populo #be ,septembris #aheh4 ,ad ,,ii4 d5tur resolutiones 9 ,cam]ac54 diei #be ,sept4 #aheh4 ,ad ,,iv4 provisum 9 praec$5tibus4 ,haec porro e/ indicata decl>atio1 ipsis v]bis quibus 9 citata ,cam]ac54 rep]itur4 8,de adiunctis ,amplitud9is tuae precibus cum ad ,s,smum4 ,dom9um ,no/rum relatum fu]it placuit cidem ,sanctitati ,suae1 eadem et tibi d>e responsa quae ad alios quoque ,anti/ites1 p] hanc ,sacram ,congregationem ,concilii transmissa sunt4 ,ord9>iorum scilicet esse de re cognosc]e et p]p5d]e1 num rev]a necessitas urgeat ut ,sac]dos duas ,missas celebr>e cogatur1 nec alit] ut5dum concessa hac it]atione1 quam iuxta conditiones ab ipsis appon5das1 habita locorum1 populorum1 et paucitatis ,sac]dotum1 ac pro9de v]ae necessitatis ratione de qua legatur ,b5$icti ,,xiv4 ,con/itutio ,decl>a/i ''' ad ,episcopum ,osc5sem anni #agdf1 et 9 eius ap]e ,de sacrificio ,missae lib4 #c cap4 #e1 et #f4 ,ipsorum v]o consci5tia on]atur /ricte1 nec p]missio conc$atur g5]alit]1 quasi privilegium alicui ,sac]doti2 s$ ob peculi>es casus1 et necessitatis causa1 ab ipso exam9ata1 qui praet]ea moneat ,p>o*os quibus facultatem it]um1 eadem die1 secundam ,missam celebr&i concess]it1 ne eleemosynam vel /ip5dium a quovis et sub quocumque pretextu1 pro ea p]cipiant1 iuxta decreta alias edita a ,s4 ,congregatione1 s$ eam pro populo sibi commisso gratis applic5t04 ,resolutiones v]o quae 9 ,cam]ac54 rep]iuntur quibus ,s4 ,c4 ,c4 c5suit ad secundum propositum sup]ius dubium respond]e1 sunt sequ5tes4 ,cum 9 ,cam]ac54 qua]]etur4 ,i4 8,an ,p>o*us qui duas ,p>o*ias regit et ideo bis 9 die celebrat1 utrique ,p>o*iae suam missam applic>e t5eatur non ob/ante r$ituum exiguitate04 ,,ii4 8,an ,p>o*us1 qui 9 una eademque ,p>o*ia1 bis eadem die celebrat1 utramque ,missam populo sibi commisso1 gratis applic>e omn9o t5eatur04 ,,iii4 8,an ,vic>ii aut alii ,sac]dotes curam anim>um non hab5tes1 si qu&o1 bis 9 die celebrant ut fit qu&oque1 seu ut num]o suffici5ti1 ,missae 9 ,ecclesia ,p>o*iali celebr5tur1 seu ut ,hospitalia1 ,c>c]es1 sanctimonialium ,conv5tus1 ,missa non c>eant1 secundum et ipsi ,missam pro populo gratis applic>e t5eantur04 8,et quat5us affirmative ad ,i4 ,,ii4 et ,,iii404 ,,iv4 8,an et quomodo conc$5dum sit ,p>o*is1 qui diebus dom9icis aliisque fe/is bis celebrant1 ut unius ,missae lib]am habeant applicationem1 et /ip5dium pro ea recip]e valeant 9 casu04 ,v4 8,an et quomodo conc$5dum sit ,sac]dotibus curam anim>um non hab5tibus1 quoad utramque ,missam 9 casu04 ,sacra ,congregatio ,concilii die pra$icta respondit3 ,ad ,i4 ,affirmative4 ,ad ,,ii4 ,negative firma prohibitione recipi5di eleemosynam pro secunda ,missa4 ,ad ,,iii4 ,negative quat5us curam anim>um non habeant1 firma semp] prohibitione recipi5di eleemosynam pro secunda ,missa4 ,ad ,,iv4 ,negative1 et ,episcopus provideat ad =mam ,con/itutionis ,b5$icti ,,xiv4 8,cum semp] oblatas 4 #h04 ,ad ,v4 provisum 9 t]tio4 ,,ex ,,quibus ,,omnibus ,,brevit] ,,colliges3 ,i4 ,extra v]ae necessitatis casus1 ,missam it]>e non lic]e4#bj ,,ii4 ,huius necessitatis exi/5tiam agnosc5dam esse ab ,episcopo s+ulis 9 casibus1 prae oculis habito crit]io seu norma1 quam tradit ,b5$ictus ,,xiv4 9 ,con/it4 ,decl>a/i1 et 9 eius op]e de ,sacrificio ,missae lib4 #c4 cc4 #e et #f4ba ,,iii4 ,qua necessitate cognita ,episcopum p]mitt]e deb]e hanc ,missae it]ationem1 non quidem g5]alit] et ad in/> privilegii1 s$ secundum cognitam necessitatem1 appositis etiam conditionibus opportunis1 a ,sac]dotibus omn9o s]v&is4 ,,iv4 ,neque alleg>i posse consuetud9em1 quamvis immemorialem1 veluti titulum ad ,missam legitime it]&am quae consuetudo ex se sola1 dic5da e/ potius corruptela4 ,v4 ,colliges insup]1 nunquam recipi posse eleemosynam pro secunda ,missa celebr&a1 quicumque sit qui eam celebret1 neque ad hanc eleemosynam recipi5dam1 alleg>i posse titulum ege/atis1 seu defectus r$ituum4#bb ,,vi4 ,imo ,p>o*um t5]i secundam ,pro populo1 sicut primam1 gratis1 diebus fe/is applic>e1 9 p>o*iis unitis1 excepto casu 9 quo ,p>o*i>um unio talis sit1 ex qua unica prorsus p>o*ia exurgat4 ,,ii4 ,,lett] ,,f ,,pr(4 ,,ubaghs ,,to ,,! ,,c>d9al ,,ar*bi%op ,,( ,,mal9es4 ,,m95ce ,r,v,,r5dissime1 ,je vi5s avant t\t confirm] p> crit la dcl>ation1 que j'ai eu l'honneur de v\s faire oralem5t1 de ma s\mission entire et absolue aux dcrets de la ,s4 ,congrgation de4 l',index#bc de #ahdc et #ahdd et celui de ,leurs ,em95ces les ,c>d9aux de l',index et du ,sa9t-,(fice1 runis le #ba septembre #ahfd1 avec la promesse =melle de me con=m] exactem5t ces trois dcrets4 ,ensuite1 sans v\loir re/re9dre ou affaiblir en ri5 cette s\mission complte1 j'ai l'honneur de trasmettre ,votre ,em95ce les explications que j'ai dem& de p\voir ,lui prs5t]1 af9 de ju/ifi] ma bonne foi et de montr] que1 si p5dant v+t ans je n'ai pas satisfait aux dcrets de la ,s4 ,congregation de l',index1 ce n'e/ po9t p> manque de respect et de s\mission aux jugem5ts des ,congrgations roma9es1 mais uniquem5t p>ce que1 jusqu'au mom5t o le dcret du #ba ,septembre #ahfd m'a t notifi1 je croyais trs-s9crem5t m'y tre con=m4 ,je dcl>e t\t d'abord et d'une manire bi5 nette qu'en cela je me suis tromp2 les deux ,congrgations runies ayant dcid que je n'avais pas satisfait1 il ne saurait plus y avoir de d\te cet g>d2 aussi n'y en a-t-il aucun dans ma propre p5se ni dans ma conviction intime4 ,mes explications ont donc p\r b unique de montr] que p5dant v+t ans j'ai t dans une erreur absolum5t involontaire1 et que jamais je n'ai pr\v la mo9dre hsitation dans mes s5tim5ts de respectueuse et entire s\mission aux ordres1 aux conseils et aux dsirs du ,sa9t-,sige1 s\mission que je considre comme le premi] devoir de t\t ca?olique4 ,p\r qu'on puisse jug] de ma bonne foi1 ,votre ,em95ce me p]mettra de rappel] quelques faits et de cit] quelques docum5ts4 ,au mois de ,septembre #ahdc1 mon ami1 ,m4 le comte ,van d] ,vreck51 qui p5dant l't avait fait un voyage ,rome1 m'apprit1 dans une conv]sation p>ticulire1 que mes ouvrages tai5t dfrs la ,s4 ,congrgation de l',index4 ,craignant que mes pr9cipes n'euss5t t mal exposs1 je fis des dm>*es p\r obt5ir que les *efs d'accusation me fuss5t communiqus et qu'a9si je pusse f\rnir des explications4 ,deux mois plus t>d1 je reu de la "p du secrtaire d',etat1 ,s4 ,em4 le c>d9al ,lambrus*9i1 p> l'int]mdiaire de ,son ,excell5ce le ,nonce apo/olique et ,votre ,em95ce ,rvr5dissime1 les c9q propositions cont5ues dans le dcret du #bc ju9 #ahdc4 ,la pice qui me fut communique ne r5f]mait po9t les mots3 8,obs]vationes ,s4 ,indicis ,congregationis diei #bc junii #ahdc4 ,rev4 ,d4 ,ubaghs 9 sua ,!odicea1 et int]dum etiam 9 ,logica1 subsequ5tes propositiones docet1 quas ,s4 ,congregatio ,indici praeposita em5d&as esse judicat04 ,elle ne cont5ait pas non plus les mots suivants3 8,hae sunt praecipuae s5t5tiae quae 9 pra$icto libro corrig5dae vid5tur4 ,monet igitur ,s4 ,congregatio ,rev4 ,auctorem1 ut nova aliqua editione librum suum em5d&um curet1 atque int]im 9 s*ola/icis suis lectionibus ab iis s5t5tiis dic5dis ab/9]e velit04 ,la pice qui me fut remise porte simplem5t3 8,docet auctor 9 ,!odicea et int]dum etiam 9 ,logica seqq4 propositiones01 avec les c9q propositions4 ,en recevant cette communication1 j'ai compris que je devais f\rnir des explications et des claircissem5ts au sujet de ces c9q propositions4 ,je croyais que la ,s4 ,congrgation de l',index1 ayant g>d ma position de pr(esseur l',univ]sit ca?olique de ,l\va91 avait daign m'appliqu] le #aj de la con/itution de ,b5oit ,,xiv1 ,sollicita ac provida1 et n'avait pas v\lu port] de jugem5t df9itif avant de m'avoir ent5du4 ,c'e/ dans cette p]suasion que je m'empressai de rdig] un ,mmoire explicatif et ju/ificatif1 que votre ,em95ce a bi5 v\lu transmettre ,rome4 ,un tel mmoire1 en prs5ce d'un jugem5t que j'aurais considr comme df9itif1 aurait t de ma "p un manque de respect4 ,ce n'e/ pas a9si que la ,s4 ,congrgation l'a apprci4 ,elle a daign accueillir mes explications avec bi5veillance comme en tmoigne une lettre de ,monseigneur ,pecci1 ,nonce apo/olique ,bruxelles3 cette lettre accompagnait la communication du dcret de #ahdd1 et celle me fut transmise p> ,votre ,em95ce4 ,en voici la t5eur3 8,bruxelles1 ,nonciature ,apo/olique1 ,n #bbg4 8,,m95ce ,r,v,,r5dissime1 8,j'ai reu de ,rome la rponse qu'on att5dait avec impati5ce en g>d de l'ouvrage du pr(esseur ,ubaghs4,quoique les explications que celui-ci avait remises ai5t t hautem5t apprcies1 on a cru nanmo9s qu'il s]ait prud5t et ncessaire d'introduire dans la n\velle rimpression les corrections qui sont m>ques dans la feuille qui m'a t envoye p> le ,secrtaire d',etat1 et que j'ai l'honneur de remettre ci-jo9te ,son ,em95ce ,votre ,rvr5dissime1 af9 qu'elle daigne de la faire p>v5ir au susdit ,pr(esseur avec injonction de v\loir bi5 dans sa n\velle publication se con=m] aux dsirs qui p> la ,s4 ,congrgation ont t manife/s1 de manire qu'elle soit rgle p> les pr9cipes de sa religion et de sa probit1 surt\t qu& il doit p>l] de ce qui e/ trs-ess5tiel1 c'e/--dire de l'exi/5ce de ,dieu4 8,en portant la connaissance de ,s4 ,e4 ,votre ,r le rsultat de cette affaire1 je suis *>g de la "p de ,s4 ,em95ce le ,secrtaire d',etat de dcl>] que 'a t prcism5t en eg>d de l'empressem5t et des recomm&ations trs-respectables de ,v4 ,em95ce qu'on a t* que le jugem5t att5du fut au plutt prononc p\r en donn] ensuite sans ret>dem5t la communication ncessaire4 8,en m'acquittant a9si des ordres qui m'ont t donnes1 j'ai l'honneur1 etc41 etc4 8,bruxelles1 #bc septembre #ahdd4 87,signe7 ,j4 ,ar*evque de ,damiette1 ,nonce ,apo/olique4 ,ds que j'eus reu le dcret de #ahdd1 que cette lettre accompagnait1 je me htai de prp>] une n\velle dition de la ,logique et de la ,?odice1 en y introduisant les corrections que j'e/imais ncessaires p\r rpond]e aux dsirs de la ,s4 ,congrgation de l',index4 ,ces corrections n'ont pas t suffisantes4 ,c'e/ un po9t qui e/ auj\rd'hui df9itivem5t jug4 ,mais jusqu'au mom5t o j'ai eu connaissance du decret du #ba septembre #ahfd1 j'ai cru tres-s9crem5t qu'elles l'tai5t4 ,je prie ,votre ,em95ce de me p]mettre d'entr] ici dans quelques details4 ,les faits que j'ai rappels tabliss5t comm5t j'ai t am5 consid]r le dcret de #ahdd comm tant le seul dcret df9itif r5du mon g>d4 ,quant ce decret1 il r5f]me1 entre autres1 les expressions suivantes3 8,pauca qua$am loca 9 op]e quod a cl4 viro ,g4 ,c4 ,ubaghs anno #ahdd ,lovanii editum e/ et inscribitur ,!odiceae seu ,!ologiae naturalis elem5ta adnot&a esse vid5tur1 ut doctissimus auctor1 additis quibusdam illu/rationibus1 obortas circa eiusdem op]is intellig5tiam difficultates e m$io toll]e possit''''''8,9 8 omnibus m5s doctissimi auctoris paulo cl>ius explic&a videtur1 ne quis inde occasionem sumat vim elev&i argum5torum quae ,dei exi/5tiam demon/rant'''''',plura alia eiusdem g5]is ibi obvia sunt quae contra m5tem auctoris =te 9 ali5os s5sus torqu]i poss5t04,ces t]mes me fir5t suppos] que la ,s4 ,congrgation n'avait pas v\lu me signal] des erreurs de doctr9e corrig]1 ni des pr9cipes faux ab&onn]1 mais qu'elle me dem&ait seulem5t des claircissem5ts et des explications propres faire mieux compr5dre ma p5se4 ,c'e/ l ce qui explique le langage que j'ai t5u dans la prface de ma ,logique en #ahdd et dans une lettre rc5te ,son ,em95ce le ,c>d9al ,alti]i1 ,prf4 de la ,s4 ,congrgation de l',index4 ,en #ahde je remis ,monseigneur ,pecci1 ,nonce ,apo/olique1 deux exemplaires de la n\velle dition de la ,logique et de la ,?odice1 en priant ,son ,excell5ce de v\loir bi5 les faire p>v5ir ,rome1 af9 que la ,s4 ,congrgation pt jug] si les additions et les *angem5ts introduits rpondai5t entirem5t aux voeux exprims p> elle4 ,a plusieurs reprises je reu des assurances qui me p]suadr5t que j'avais fait ce qui m'tait dem&4 ,les docum5ts dont je veux p>l] n'ayant pas t appr\vs p> la ,s4 ,congrgation ni surt\t p> le ,s\v]a9-,pontife1 ils n'ont de valeur que p\r ju/ifi] ma bonne foi2 aussi c'e/ ce titre seul que je les invoque4 ,p>mi ces docum5ts qu'il me soit p]mis de transcrire ici la lettre que m'addressa1 en #ahdf1 le ,t4 ,r4 ,p4 ,degola1 secrtaire de la ,congrgation de l',index4 ,la voici3 ,,rev]5de ,,dom9e1 ,quamquam scio id ,tibi ab aliis iam nuntiatum1 quod ego 8 litt]is dicturus sum1 attam5 ut po/ulationi tuae1 nec non ,em4 ,c>d4 praefecti m&ato morem g]am1 lib5t] significo1 decl>ationes illas atque v>ietates1 quas mon5te ,s4 ,congregatione 9 novissima tuorum op]um ,logicae ac ,!odiceae editione fidelit] abundant]que effeci/i1 voto ac s5t5tiae eiusdem ,s4 ,congregationis prorsus respondisse4 ,quam ob rem docilitati tuae1 pr\t p> e/1 gratulor1 et ut de sacris humanisque doctr9is1 pro tuo excell5ti +5io et religioni1 b5e m]]i p]gas1 plurimum opto4 ,vale4 ,romae kal4 ,septembris #ahdf4 ,humill4 devotis4 s]vus ,,fr4 ,,?4 ,,anton9us ,,degola1 ,o4 ,p4 ,s4 ,c4 ,i4 ,secret4 ,f9alem5t1 je le dcl>e de n\veau1 j'aurai le plus gr& so9 de me con=m] scrupuleusem5t aux dcrets manes du ,sa9t-,sige1 et je m'empress]ai de corrig]1 le plus tt possible1 mes ouvrages selon les prescriptions de ces dcrets4 ,j'ai la confiance1 ,em95ce ,rvr5dissime1 que les explications dans les quelles je vi5s d'entr] suffiront p\r montr] que je n'ai jamais v>i dans mes s5tim5ts de s\mission absolue aux dcrets du ,sige apo/olique1 l'oracle de la vrit4 ,comme ,votre ,em95ce a t *>ge de me communiqu] les susdits dcrets1 je s]ais heureux qu',elle daignt aussi me s]vir d'int]mdiaire p\r faire p>v5ir aux pi$s du ,vicaire de ,jsus-,*ri/ l'expression de ma s\mission la plus respectueuse et la plus complte4 ,vuillez agrer1 ,monseigneur1 l'hommage des s5tim5ts de pr(ond respect avec lesquels j'ai l'honneur d'tre4 ,l\va91 le #ad ,novemb]1 #ahfd4 ,de ,votre ,em95ce le trs-humble et trs-obissant s]viteur1 7,sign7 ,g4 ,c4 ,,ubaghs4 ,,notices ,,( ,,books4 ,i4 ,acta ex iis dec]pta quae apud ,sanctam ,s$em g]untur1 9 comp5dium opportune r$acta et illu/rata4 ,romae3 ,typis ,polyglottae (fic9ae ,s4 ,c4 ,de ,propag&a ,fide1 ,eq4 ,petro ,m>ietti1 ejusdem ,s4 ,c4 ,socio adm9i/ro ed5te1 #ahfe4 #hvo4 pagg4 #bf4 ,a brilliant writ] has left a well-kn[n sket* ( ! life & bu/le ( ! ,appian ,way 9 ! days :5 pagan ,rome 0 rul] ( ! _w4 ,t great highwaylead+ f ! capital to ! ,ea/]n prov9ces0 ev] ?rong$ by a ceaseless cr[d ( m51 engag$ 9 ! v>i$ bus9ess1 & sway$ by ! v>i\s int]e/s1 t c5tre 9 ! seat ( a mighty gov]nm5t4 ,?r\gh ! *air ( ,/4 ,pet]1 ,*ri/ian ,rome has be5 made ! seat ( an empire surpass+ t ( pagan ,rome1 by z mu* z ! p[] ( religion surpasses t ( ! sword4 ,ea* l9e ( ! network ( railways & telegraphs ) :i* mod]n progress has gird$ ! globe1 is 9 itself a new ,appian ,way1 by :i* "s di/ant c\ntry communicate1 on its spiritual conc]ns ) ,rome2 & !re is ?is diff]5ce betwe5 ! pagan & ! ,*ri/ian gov]nors1 t1 :]eas ! acts ( ! =m] 7 ( b pass+ int]e/1 ^? ( ! latt] are laws =ev]2 & :ile ! =m] conc]n$ only individual p[]s or /ates1 ! latt] become direct+ pr9ciples = ! entire ,*ri/ian _w4 ,! acts ( ! sev]al congregations :i* assi/ ! ,holy ,fa!r 9 ! ecclesia/ical gov]nm5t ( ! _w1 are ( great importance to ! ,*ur*1 & a k ( ^! acts mu/ be ( ! utmo/ value to ^? :o gov]n dioceses or p>i%es4 ,h5ce1 all w hail ) pleasure ! appe>ance ( ! fir/ numb] ( ! mon?ly p]iodical we h n[ be=e u4 ,! title decl>es t x is n int5d$ to publi% 9 x a full report ( all ! ecclesia/ical bus9ess transact$ at ,rome4 ,a v l>ge %>e ( t bus9ess1 ( its v nature1 dem&s secrecy f its close connection ) matt]s ( consci5ce2 _m o!r cases are ( no int]e/ except to ! p>ties imm$iately conc]n$2 b1 aft] ^! exceptions1 !re /ill rema9s an ample supply ( decisions :i* ?r[ light ^u ! practice ( ! ,*ur* 9 _m ?+s1 & %[ h[ ! laws ( ! ,*ur* are appli$ to novel cases t occur z "t goes on & ev5ts progress4 ,! ,iri% ,ecclesia/ical ,record has aim$ at keep+ its read]s acqua9t$ ) new decisions ( ?is k9d4 ,! "w be=e u proposes to effect ?is = all1 & to effect x fully & completely4 ,x w d ev5 m ?an ?is4 ,besides a brief1 yet cle> /atem5t ( ! facts ( ea* case1 x w furni% ! heads ( ! argum5ts adduc$ pro & contra be=e ! ,congregation1 ei!r ex (ficio by ! secret>y ( ! ,congregation1 or by ! advocates engag$ ^u ! case2 & f9ally1 x w give ! au!ntic decision ( ! ,congregation4 ,besides1 x w draw att5tion to su* !oretical or practical pr9ciples z may be ( use 9 deal+ ) simil> cases :5ev] !y may occur1 & 9 explanation ( difficult po9ts w add su* rem>ks z may be necess>y4 ,su* docum5ts z h be5 directly publi%$ by ! ,holy ,see w be giv5 9 full :5ev] !y reg>d ,canon ,law2 9 ^? n directly publi%$ by ! ,holy ,see1 ! names ( p]sons & places w be ?or\ghly suppress$ or alt]$1 & ! sub/ance ( ! fact only w be giv5 9 ! way 9 :i* moral cases are usually propos$4 ,! cont5ts ( ! fir/ numb] are z foll[s4 ,aft] ! preface !re is a full discussion ( ! important practical "q t\*+ miss>um it]ationem1 applicationem missae pro populo1 et receptionem eleemosynae4 ,?is discussion1 ) ! decision ( ! ,congregation1 etc41 we h giv5 above4 ,next foll[s3 ,circa nullitatem matrimonii ratione1 raptus4 ,next foll[s3 ,juris fun]&i et re/itutionis emolum5torum seu causa orta1 occasione publici coemet]ii novit] erecti4 ,next comes an app5dix1 quod jus fun]&i 7pag4 #bd74 ,we %all h frequ5t occasion = ! future to recur to ?is valuable collection4 ,,ii4 ,gramm> ( ,gregorian & ,mod]n ,music4 ,orig9ally compil$ by ! ,v ,rev4 ,l4 ,f4 ,r5ehan1 ,d4,d41 late ,presid5t ( ,sa9t ,patrick's ,college1 ,maynoo?4 ,new & enl>g$ edition1 conta9+ num]\s ex]cises1 ! ,gregorian ,*ants = ,high ,mass & ! ,div9e ,(fice2 ,litanies ( ! ,bless$ ,virg91 in/ructions reg>d+ ! use ( ! organ1 etc4 ,by ! ,rev4 ,ri*>d ,hackett1 ,pr(essor1 ,sa9t ,patrick's ,college1 ,maynoo?4 ,dubl93 ,james ,duffy4 #ahfe1 xxiv4#big4 #abmo4 ,?is useful book is divid$ into five p>ts4 ,! fir/ "p 7p4 #a-fh7 is a repr9t ( ! ,*oir ,manual publi%$ by ! late ,dr4 ,r5ehan = ! use ( ! /ud5ts ( ,sa9t ,patrick's ,college1 ,maynoo?1 & republi%$ ) additions 9 #aheh by ! accompli%$ editor1 or r au?or1 ( ! "w "u notice4 ,?is "p conta9s a complete explanation ( ! !ory & notation ( ,gregorian music1 ) "s elem5t>y in/ructions 9 mod]n ,italian music4 ,! rema9+ f\r p>ts & app5dix 7p4 #fi-big7 we owe to ! ,rev4 ,r4 ,hackett himself4 ,! purpose ( 8 lab\r has be5 to supply ecclesia/ical /ud5ts 9 ?is c\ntry ) a complete manual ( ! pr9cipal *ants :i* are sung at ,high ,mass1 ,solemn ,vesp]s1 ,b5$iction1 ,mass & ,(fice = ! ,dead1 etc4 ,) ?is view he has collect$ into ! second "p an abundant supply ( ex]cises on ! int]vals ord9>ily 9 use 9 ,gregorian music1 toge!r ) a selection ( easy *ants 9 :i* ^! int]vals occur4 ,"p ! ?ird conta9s ! pr9cipal *ants ( ! (fice = ! dead1 ( ! ,mass = ! dead1 & in/ructions on ! me?od ( *ant+ pray]s4 ,x is greatly to be regrett$ t !re %\ld exi/ a diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,roman me?od ( *ant+ pray]s & t 9 use 9 "s dioceses 9 ,irel&4 ,we hope t1 z f> z ,irel& is conc]n$1 by help ( ! judici\s selection ( ,roman *ants giv5 9 ?is "w1 we may soon be able to say ) ,guidetti 7quot$ by our au?or at page #acd71 ?\gh 9 ano!r s5se1 semp] et ubique sic cantatur4 ,! pres5t want ( uni=mity1 appe>s /ill m unseemly :5 we le>n 7p4 #aeh7 t ! epi/le & gospel ( ! ,mass = ! dead are (t5 *ant$ accord+ to ! ,roman me?od 9 _m dioceses 9 :i* ! ,iri% intonation is us$ on o!r occasions4 ,"p ! f\r? conta9s *ants = ,high ,mass4 ,"p ! fif? sets =? ! *ants = vesp]s1 *ants = ,holy ,week1 includ+ ^? us$ at ! bless+ ( ! oils on ,holy ,?ursday1 & miscellane\s *ants4 ,a great deal ( mo/ useful in=mation is cond5s$ 9 ! five %ort app5dixes :i* complete ! "w1 respectively head$3 directions = ! *oir & organi/ at ,high ,massuse ( ! organ at solemn vesp]splay+ ( ! organ at ,mass & ! ,div9e ,(fice1 :5 prohibit$directions = *ant+ ! ,div9e ,(fice,(fice = ! ,dead,gregorian & mod]n music"* ( sacr$ musicin/rum5tal accompanim5ts & symphoniesv]nacul> *ants4 ,9 draw+ up ^! in/ructions1 ! au?or has _h rec\rse to ! safe/ guides4 ,8 c\nsels are 9 exact accordance ) ! ,ca]emoniale ,episcoporum1 ! ,con/itution ,annus qui nunc ( ,b5$ict ,,xiv41 ! decrees ( ! ,sacr$ ,congregation ( ,rites1 & ! tea*+ ( approv$ writ]s4 ,! ,gramm> has "o o!r m]it to :i* we wi% to draw att5tion4 ,scatt]$ "h & !re ?r\gh\t ! "w1 :]ev] ! subject requires or p]mits1 we f9d passages f ! ,milanese ,c\ncils ( ,/4 ,*>les ,borromeo1 or f ! works ( ,c>d9al ,wiseman1 or f o!r s\rces1 :i* s]ve to inspire y\?ful ecclesia/ics ) a true e/imate ( ! maje/y ( ! ,liturgy1 & to draw _! att5tion to ^? treasures ( t5d] grace :i* x conta9s4 ,x is pi\s & wise ?us to rem9d ecclesia/ics t x is ! ,vox ,sponsae :i* speaks f _! lips 9 ! ,div9e ,(fice4 ,footnotes3 #a ,see ,ex41 iii4 #bb38;,b e woman %all borr[ ( h] neighb\r1 & ( h] t soj\rne? 9 h] h\se1 vessels ( silv]1 & vessels ( gold1 & raim5t2 & y %all put !m ^u y\r sons & ^u y\r daught]s1 & y %all spoil ,egypt04 #b ,x is unnecess>y to make any di/9ction betwe5 wives & concub9es1 because ?is di/9ction _c 9 any way affect ! pres5t argum5t4 #c ,! ,hebrew text 9 v4 #ah seems n q cle>4 ,! int]pretation we h giv5 is support$ by ! ,septuag9t & ! ,engli% ,prote/ant v]sion4 ,accord+ to ! ,vulgate1 ,caleb _h b two wives1 ,azuba & ,ephra?4 #d ,ari/otle1 = example1 says t 8tw9s are common 9 ,egypt2 ev5 ?ree or f\r at a bir?1 n r>e0 7,hi/4 ,anim41 vii4 #d74 ,& ,pl9y tells u1 t 8= a woman to h m ?an ?ree *ildr5 at a bir? is acc\nt$ a port5t except 9 ,egypt0 7,hi/4 ,nat41 vii4 #d74 #e ,?is is ! true read+ accord+ to ! ,hebrew1 ! ,septuag9t1 & ! au?oriz$ v]sion4 ,! ,vulgate has1 8,filius ,phallu ,eliab04 ,a simil> example h[ev]1 occurs1 ,i4 ,p>al41 ii4 #h4 8,& ! sons ( ,e?an1 ,az>iah04 ,"h ! ,vulgate agrees ) ! o!r v]sions4 #f ,an ,essay on ! ,pr9ciple ( ,population4 ,london1 #ahbf4 ,vol4 i41 p4 #eag4 #g ,id4 ,ib4 8,?r\gh\t all ! nor!rn prov9ces ! population 0 f\nd to d\ble itself 9 tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,! orig9al numb] ( p]sons :i* _h settl$ 9 ! f\r prov9ces ( ,new ,engl& 9 #afdc1 0 #ba1bjj4 ,aft]w>ds x 0 calculat$ t m left !m ?an w5t to !m4 ,9 ! ye> #agfj !y 7 increas$ to half a million4 ,!y _h1 !re=e1 all along d\bl$ _! numb] 9 tw5ty-five ye>s4 ,9 ,new ,j]sey ! p]iod ( d\bl+ appe>$ to be tw5ty-two ye>s1 & 9 ,rhode ,isl& /ill less4 ,9 ! back settlem5ts1 :]e ! inhabitants appli$ !mselves solely to agriculture1 & luxury 0 n kn[n1 !y 7 suppos$ to d\ble _! numb] 9 fifte5 ye>s04 ,he adds 9 a note3 8,speak+ ( ,rhode ,isl&1 ,dr4 ,/yles says t ?\gh ! p]iod ( d\bl+ = ! :ole colony is tw5ty-five ye>s1 yet t x is diff]5t 9 diff]5t p>ts1 & )9 l& is tw5ty & fifte5 ye>s04 p4 #eah4 #h ,see 8,tracts0 ( ,i4 ,a4 ,s41 vol4 ii1 an4 #ahdc1 pag4 #aai4 #i ,or ,pi]evill1 f ! place ( 8 bir? 9 ,suffolk4 #aj ,! ,bull appo9t+ him to ,ossory is dat$ 8,sexto ,kal5d4 ,octobris1 #adjj01 & ! ,see is describ$ z vacant p] obitum ,johannis ,epi4 extra curiam defuncti4 #aa ,bremond1 9 ,bull>io ,ord4 ,pra$4 iii4 #fd1 m5tions a 8,ri*>dus ,wi*elei1 ,w9*elsey1 vel ,wi*]lsi01 :o 0 appo9t$ to our see anno circit] #adhj4 ,! ,belgium ,dom9icanum fixes ! precise date ( 8 appo9tm5t z #adgi1 & we see no reason = exclud+ him f ! li/ ( ! successors ( ,/4 ,canice4 ,he mu/1 h[ev]1 h resign$ ! same ye>1 ?\gh1 p]haps1 ! title may h be5 cont9u$ ?r\gh c\rtesy1 ev5 9 #adha1 z m5tion$ by ,de ,burgo1 pag4 #dgf4 ,"s1 h[ev]1 h suppos$ t ?is bi%op's see 0 ,osson5sis1 to :i* we f9d ,dom9ican bi%ops m ?an once appo9t$ 9 ! ,bull>ium above ref]r$ to4 #ab 8,vocacyon0 9 ,h>l4 ,miscell41 vi4 p4 #dab1 seqq4 #ac ,mant1 ,hi/41 i4 #bai4 #ad ,we le>n ^! facts f ,bale himself1 9 ! preface to 8 ,c5tur4 ,script4 ,britt4 ,also f ,h>ris's ,w>e1 pag4 #daf4 #ae ,cox1 i4 #cjj4 #af ,see ,pr5d]ga/'s ,cromwell's ,settlem5t ( ,irel&1 pag4 #aef 7,london1 #ahfe74 #ag ,! ,con/itution ( #ahae above m5tion$4 #ah ,mgr4 de ,ram di$ 9 ,l\va9 on ! ev5+ ( ,sunday1 ,may #ad?4 ,! fun]al obsequies 7 celebrat$ on ,?ursday ! #ah?1 & he 0 int]r$ on ,friday ! #ai?1 at ,nyl51 ne> ,lieure1 :]e he _h 8 c\ntry resid5ce4 ,on ! #bh? ( ,june !re 0 a second solemn fun]al s]vice1 at :i* ! ,c>d9al ,ar*bi%op ( ,mal9es presid$1 & ! ,bi%op ( ,gh5t1 & ! :ole pr(essorial body ( ! ,univ]sity att5d$4 ,on ! #g? ( ,july ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,irel& assi/$ at a solemn ,requiem 9 ! ,univ]sity ,*ur*1 ,/eph5's ,gre51 ,dubl94 ,! ,ar*bi%op ( ,dubl9 presid$ at ! ,mass1 :i* 0 celebrat$ by ! ,bi%op ( ,lim]ick2 & a fun]al disc\rse 9 hon\r ( ! deceas$ prelate 0 read by ! ,rector1 ,v ,rev4 ,mgr4 ,woodlock1 at a meet+ ( ! ,univ]sity1 on ,sunday1 ,july #i?4 ,among ! tok5s ( sympa?y :i* x receiv$ on ?is sad occasion1 ! ,univ]sity ( ,l\va9 m5tions ! address ( 8condol5ce ) h] eld] si/] f ! ,ca?olic ,univ]sity ( ,dubl901 z well z ! condesc5sion ( our ,holy ,fa!r1 9 graci\sly s5d+ by telegraph 8 apo/olic b5$iction to ! b]eav$ ,univ]sity4 #ai ,hic e/ titulus quo indic>i sol5t causao seu dubia quae ,s4 ,congregationi ,concilii solv5da1 ab ,episcopis proponuntur qu&o exhib5t relationem /atus suae ,dioecesis ,s4 ,s$i4 #bj ,excipe fe/um ,nativitatis diem1 vel ubi privilegium concessum e/1 ,missam it]&i1 die commem4 omnium defunct4 #ba ,vid4 app5d4 ,i4 #bb ,errant itaque auctores illi etiam rec5tiores1 qui doc5t extra ,italiam posse recipi eleemosynam pro secunda ,missa1 qu&o r$itus t5ues sunt qui assignantur pro implem5to proprii (ficii2 vel ex vi consuetud9is4 ,errant p>it] cum doc5t extra ,italiam1 ,p>o*os non t5]i missas applic>e pro ,populo1 vig5tibus illis rationibus1 ac cum dissimulant ,con/4 ,b5$icti ,,xiv4 ,cum semp] oblatas1 utpote ad ,italiae ,episcopos directam2 non di/+u5tes ,con/itutiones quae ad aliquam det]m9atam prov9ciam ideo diriguntur1 ut 9 ea peculi>e ius /atuant2 ab iis quae1 quamvis ad unam prov9ciam oeconomice dirigantur1 tam5 commune ius decl>ant4 ,et reapse ,s4 ,c4 ,concilii1 9 dirim5dis dubiis1 circa missam pro ,populo1 extra ,italiam exortis1 secundum hanc ,con/itutionem1 con/ant] iudicavit3 nec non ,s4 ,c4 de ,propag&a ,fide1 9 v>ias orbis p>tes1 pro opportunitate1 veluti legem s]v&am hanc con/itutionem transmisit4 ,caet]um quilibet 9 hac repraetextus sublatus e/ p] ,con/it4 regnantis ,pontificis quem ,deus incolumem diu s]vet1 quae incipit ,amantissimi ,r$emptoris4 ,alit] e/ iudic&um1 cum agitur de locis ,missionum1 9 quibus p>oeciae1 canonice erectae non sunt4 ,de qua re exponemus suo loco1 doctr9am a ,s4 ,congregatione de ,propag&a ,fide1 accurate def9itam4 #bc ,see ,i4 ,e4 ,record1 p4 #cdd4 ,,end ,,( ,,vol4 ,i4 ,transcrib]'s ,note3 ,?is book 0 writt5 9 a p]iod :5 _m words _h n become /&>diz$ 9 _! spell+4 ,words may h multiple spell+ v>iations or inconsi/5t hyph5ation 9 ! text4 ,^! h be5 left un*ang$ unless indicat$ bel[4 ,words & phrases 9 italics are surr\nd$ by und]scores1 l ?is4 ,footnotes 7 r5umb]$ sequ5tially & 7 mov$ to ! end ( ! book4 ,obvi\s pr9t+ errors1 su* z backw>ds1 upside d[n1 or p>tially pr9t$ lett]s1 7 correct$4 ,f9al /ops miss+ at ! end ( s5t5ces & abbreviations 7 add$4 ,diacriticals omitt$ or backw>ds 9 ,fr5* words 7 correct$4 ,tables 7 re=matt$ to display 9 h&held devices4 ,! foll[+ spell+ corrections 7 made3 incorp>at$3 ''' incorporat$ ) ! ,hebrew ''' t3 ''' ?an ^? ( ! pres5t ''' ,petateu*3 ''' ,p5tateu* itself ''' ,,fr(3 ''' ,,pr(4 ,,ubaghs ''' ,wultam3 ''' ,wul?am1 & make him successor ''' ,congrgration3 ''' ,congrgation l'a apprci '''