,,primitive ,,culture ,,primitive ,,culture ,,rese>*es ,,into ,,! ,,developm5t ,,( ,,my?ology1 ,,philosophy1 ,,religion1 ,,language1 ,,art1 ,,& ,,cu/om ,,by ,,edw>d ,b4 ,,tylor1 ,d4,c4,l41 ,,ll4,d41 ,f4,r4,s4 ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,an?ropology ,,9 ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,ox=d ,,au?or ,,( 8,,rese>*es ,,into ,,! ,,e>ly ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,mank9d10 ,,etc4 8,ce n'e/ pas dans les possibilits1 c'e/ dans l'homme mme qu'il faut tudi] l'homme3 il ne s'agit pas d'imag9] ce qu'il auroit p ou d faire1 mais de reg>d] ce qu'il fait40--,,de ,,brosses4 ,,9 ,,two ,,volumes ,,vol4 ,,ii ,,london ,,john ,,murray1 ,,albem>le ,,/reet1 ,w4 #aibj ,,pr9t$ ,,9 ,u4,s4,a4 ,rights ( ,translation & ,reproduction res]v$ ,,cont5ts ,,( ,,! ,,second ,,volume4 ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,doctr9e ( ,s\l's ,exi/5ce aft] ,dea?2 its ma9 divisions1 ,transmigration & ,future ,life--,transmigration ( ,s\ls3 re-bir? 9 ,human & ,animal ,bodies1 transf]5ce to ,plants & ,objects--,resurrection ( ,body3 sc>cely held 9 savage religion--,future ,life3 a g5]al if n univ]sal doctr9e ( l[ races--,cont9u$ exi/5ce1 r ?an ,immortality2 second dea? ( ,s\l--,gho/ ( ,dead rema9s on e>?1 especially if corpse unburi$2 its atta*m5t to bodily rema9s--,fea/s ( ! ,dead #a ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,j\rney ( ! ,s\l to ! ,l& ( ! ,dead--,visits by ! ,liv+ to ! ,regions ( ,dep>t$ ,s\ls--,connexion ( su* leg5ds ) my?s ( ,sunset3 ! ,l& ( ! ,dead ?us imag9$ z 9 ! ,we/--,realization ( curr5t religi\s ideas1 :e!r ( savage or civiliz$ !ology1 9 n>ratives ( visits to ! ,regions ( ,s\ls--,localization ( ! ,future ,life--,di/ant e>?ly region3 ,e>?ly ,p>adise1 ,isles ( ! ,ble/--,subt]ranean ,hades or ,%eol--,sun1 ,moon1 ,/>s--,heav5--,hi/orical c\rse ( belief z to su* localization--,nature ( ,future ,life--,cont9uance-!ory1 app>5tly orig9al1 belongs especially to ! l[] races--,transitional !ories--,retribution-!ory1 app>5tly d]iv$1 belongs especially to ! high] races--,doctr9e ( ,moral ,retribution z develop$ 9 ! high] culture--,survey ( ,doctr9e ( ,future ,/ate1 f savage to civiliz$ /ages--,its practical effect on ! s5tim5t & conduct ( ,mank9d #dd ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,animism1 exp&+ f ! ,doctr9e ( ,s\ls to ! wid] ,doctr9e ( ,spirits1 becomes a complete ,philosophy ( ,natural ,religion--,def9ition ( ,spirits simil> to & app>5tly modell$ on t ( ,s\ls--,transition-/age3 classes ( ,s\ls pass+ into good & evil ,demons--,manes-,wor%ip--,doctr9e ( ,embodim5t ( ,spirits 9 human1 animal1 vegetable1 & in]t bodies--,demoniacal ,possession & ,obsession z causes ( ,disease & ,oracle-inspiration--,feti%ism--,disease -spirits embodi$--,gho/ atta*$ to rema9s ( ,corpse--,feti% produc$ by a ,_s embodi$ 91 atta*$ to1 or op]at+ ?r\gh1 an ,object--,analogues ( ,feti%-doctr9e 9 ,mod]n ,sci5ce--,/ock-&-,/one-,wor%ip--,idolatr y--,survival ( ,animi/ic ,phraseology 9 mod]n ,language--,decl9e ( ,animi/ic !ory ( ,nature #ajh ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,spirits reg>d$ z p]sonal causes ( ,ph5om5a ( ! ,_w--,p]vad+ ,spirits z good & evil ,demons affect+ man--,spirits manife/ 9 ,dreams & ,visions3 ,nightm>es2 ,incubi & ,succubi2 ,vampires2 ,vision>y ,demons--,demons ( d>kness repell$ by fire--,demons o!rwise manife/3 se5 by animals2 detect$ by footpr9ts--,spirits conceiv$ & treat$ z mat]ial--,gu>dian & ,famili> ,spirits--,nature-,spirits2 hi/orical c\rse ( ! doctr9e--,spirits ( ,volcanos1 ,:irlpools1 ,rocks--,wat]-,wor%ip3 ,spirits ( ,wells1 ,/reams1 ,lakes1 c4--,tree-,wor%ip3 ,spirits embodi$ 9 or inhabit+ ,trees2 ,spirits ( ,groves & ,=e/s--,animal-wor%ip3 ,animals ,wor%ipp$1 directly1 or z inc>nations or repres5tatives ( ,deities2 ,totemism2 ,s]p5t-,wor%ip--,species-,deities2 _! relation to ,ar*etypal ,ideas #ahd ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,high] ,deities ( ,poly!ism--,human *>act]i/ics appli$ to ,deity--,lords ( ,spiritual ,hi]>*y--,poly!ism3 its c\rse ( developm5t 9 l[] & high] ,culture--,pr9ciples ( its inve/igation2 classification ( ,deities accord+ to c5tral conceptions ( _! significance & function--,heav5-god--,ra9 god--,?und]-god--,w9d-gods--,e>?-god--,w at] god--,sea-god--,fire-god--,sun-god--,moo n-god #bdg ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,poly!ism comprises a class ( great ,deities1 rul+ ! c\rse ( ,nature & ! life ( ,man--,*ildbir?-god--,agriculture-god--, w>-god--,god ( ! ,dead--,fir/ ,man z ,div9e ,ance/or--,dualism2 its rudim5t>y & une?ical nature among l[ races2 its developm5t ?r\gh ! c\rse ( culture--,good & ,evil ,deity--,doctr9e ( ,div9e ,supremacy1 di/9ct f1 :ile t5d+ t[>ds1 ! doctr9e ( ,mono!ism--,idea ( a ,highe/ or ,supreme ,deity evolv$ 9 v>i\s =ms2 its place z completion ( ! ,poly!i/ic sy/em & outcome ( ! ,animi/ic philosophy2 its cont9uance & developm5t among high] nations--,g5]al survey ( ,animism z a ,philosophy ( ,religion--,recapitulation ( ! !ory advanc$ z to its developm5t ?r\gh successive /ages ( culture2 its prim>y phases be/ repres5t$ among ! l[] races1 :ile survivals ( ^! among ! high] races m>k ! transition f savage ?r\gh b>b>ic to civiliz$ fai?s--,transition ( ,animism 9 ! ,hi/ory ( ,religion2 its e>li] & lat] /ages z a ,philosophy ( ! ,univ]se2 its lat] /ages z ! pr9ciple ( a ,moral ,in/itution #cjd ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,rites ,,& ,,c]emonies4 ,religi\s ,rites3 _! purpose practical or symbolic--,pray]3 its cont9uity f l[ to high levels ( ,culture2 its l[] phases ,une?ical2 its high] phases ,e?ical--,sacrifice3 its orig9al ,gift-!ory passes into ! ,homage-!ory & ! ,abnegation-!ory--,mann] ( reception ( ,sacrifice by ,deity--,mat]ial ,transf] to elem5ts1 feti%-animals1 prie/s2 consumption ( sub/ance by deity or idol2 (f]+ ( blood2 transmission by fire2 inc5se--,ess5tial transf]3 consumption ( ess5ce1 sav\r1 c4--,spiritual ,transf]3 consumption or transmission ( s\l ( (f]+--,motive ( ,sacrific]--,transition f ,gift-!ory to ,homage-!ory3 insignificant & =mal (f]+s2 sacrificial banquets--,abnegation-!ory2 sacrifice ( *ildr51 c4--,sacrifice ( ,sub/itutes3 "p giv5 = :ole2 inf]ior life = sup]ior2 effigies--,mod]n survival ( ,sacrifice 9 folklore & religion--,fa/+1 z a means ( produc+ ec/atic vision2 its c\rse f l[] to high] ,culture--,drugs use to produce ec/asy--,swoons & fits induc$ = religi\s purposes--,ori5tation3 its relation to ,sun-my? & ,sun-wor%ip2 rules ( ,ea/ & ,we/ z to burial ( dead1 position ( wor%ip1 & /ructure ( temple--,lu/ration by ,wat] & ,fire3 its transition f mat]ial to symbolic purification2 its connexion ) special ev5ts ( life2 its appe>ance among ! l[] races--,lu/ration ( new-born *ildr52 ( wom52 ( ^? pollut$ by blood%$ or ! dead--,lu/ration cont9u$ at high] levels ( ,culture--,conclusion #cfb ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,conclusion4 ,practical results ( ! /udy ( ,primitive ,culture--,its be>+ lea/ ^u ,positive ,sci5ce1 greate/ ^u ,intellectual1 ,moral1 ,social1 & ,political ,philosophy--,language--,my?ology--,e?ic s & ,law--,religion--,action ( ! ,sci5ce ( ,culture1 z a means ( fur!r+ progress & remov+ h9drance1 effective 9 ! c\rse ( ,civilization #ddc ,,*apt] ,,xii4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,doctr9e ( ,s\l's ,exi/5ce aft] ,dea?2 its ma9 divisions1 ,transmigration & ,future ,life--,transmigration ( ,s\ls3 re-bir? 9 ,human & ,animal ,bodies1 transf]5ce to ,plants & ,objects--,resurrection ( ,body3 sc>cely held 9 savage religion--,future ,life3 a g5]al if n univ]sal doctr9e ( l[ races--,cont9u$ exi/5ce1 r ?an ,immortality2 second dea? ( ,s\l--,gho/ ( ,dead rema9s on e>?1 especially if corpse unburi$2 its atta*m5t to bodily rema9s--,fea/s ( ! ,dead4 ,hav+ ?us trac$ upw>d f ! l[] levels ( culture ! op9ions ( mank9d z to ! s\ls1 spirits1 gho/s1 or phantoms1 consid]$ to belong to m51 to ! l[] animals1 to plants1 & to ?+s1 we are n[ prep>$ to inve/igate "o ( ! great religi\s doctr9es ( ! _w1 ! belief 9 ! s\l's cont9u$ exi/5ce 9 a ,life aft] ,dea?4 ,"h let u once m call to m9d ! consid]ation :i* _c be too /rongly put =w>d1 t ! doctr9e ( a ,future ,life z held by ! l[] races is ! all b necess>y outcome ( savage ,animism4 ,! evid5ce t ! l[] races believe ! figures ( ! dead se5 9 dreams & visions to be _! surviv+ s\ls1 n only goes f> to acc\nt = ! comp>ative univ]sality ( _! belief 9 ! cont9u$ exi/5ce ( ! s\l aft] ! dea? ( ! body1 b x gives ! key to _m ( _! speculations on ! nature ( ?is exi/5ce1 speculations rational en\gh f ! savage po9t ( view1 ?\gh apt to seem f>-fet*$ absurdities to mod]ns 9 _! mu* *ang$ intellectual condition4 ,! belief 9 a ,future ,life falls into two ma9 divisions4 ,closely connect$ & ev5 l>gely ov]lapp+ "o ano!r1 bo? _w-wide 9 _! di/ribution1 bo? rang+ back 9 "t to p]iods ( unkn[n antiquity1 bo? deeply root$ 9 ! l[e/ /rata ( human life :i* lie op5 to our obs]vation1 ^! two doctr9es h 9 ! mod]n _w pass$ into wond]fully diff]5t conditions4 ,! "o is ! !ory ( ! ,transmigration ( ,s\ls1 :i* has inde$ ris5 f its l[] /ages to e/abli% itself among ! huge religi\s communities ( ,asia1 great 9 hi/ory1 enorm\s ev5 9 pres5t mass1 yet arre/$ & z x seems h5ce=? unprogressive 9 developm5t2 b ! m highly educat$ _w has reject$ ! anci5t belief1 & x n[ only survives 9 ,europe 9 dw9dl+ remnants4 ,f> diff]5t has be5 ! hi/ory ( ! o!r doctr9e1 t ( ! indep5d5t exi/5ce ( ! p]sonal s\l aft] ! dea? ( ! body1 9 a ,future ,life4 ,pass+ onw>d ?r\gh *ange aft] *ange 9 ! condition ( ! human race1 modifi$ & r5ew$ 9 its long e?nic c\rse1 ?is great belief may be trac$ f its crude & primitive manife/ations among savage races to its e/abli%m5t 9 ! he>t ( mod]n religion1 :]e ! fai? 9 a future exi/5ce =ms at once an inducem5t to goodness1 a su/a9+ hope ?r\gh suff]+ & across ! fe> ( dea?1 & an answ] to ! p]plex$ problem ( ! allotm5t ( happ9ess & mis]y 9 ?is pres5t _w1 by ! expectation ( ano!r _w to set ?is "r4 ,9 inve/igat+ ! doctr9e ( ,transmigration1 x w be well fir/ to trace its position among ! l[] races1 & aft]w>ds to foll[ its developm5ts1 s f> z !y ext5d 9 ! high] civilization4 ,! tempor>y migration ( s\ls into mat]ial sub/ances1 f human bodies d[n to morsels ( wood & /one1 is a mo/ important "p ( ! l[] psy*ology4 ,b x does n relate to ! cont9u$ exi/5ce ( ! s\l aft] dea?1 & may be m conv5i5tly treat$ ( else:]e1 9 connexion ) su* subjects z dmoniacal possession & feti%-wor%ip4 ,we are "h conc]n$ ) ! m p]man5t t5ancy ( s\ls = successive lives 9 successive bodies4 ,p]man5t transition1 new bir?1 or re-inc>nation ( human s\ls 9 o!r human bodies1 is especially consid]$ to take place by ! s\l ( a deceas$ p]son animat+ ! body ( an infant4 ,x is record$ by ,brebeuf t ! ,hurons1 :5 little *ildr5 di$1 w\ld bury !m by ! wayside1 t _! s\ls might ent] into mo!rs pass+ by1 & s be born aga94#a ,9 ,nor?-,we/ ,am]ica1 among ! ,tacullis1 we he> ( direct transfusion ( s\l by ! m$ic9e-man1 :o1 putt+ 8 h&s on ! brea/ ( ! dy+ or dead1 !n holds !m ov] ! head ( a relative & bl[s ?r\gh !m2 ! next *ild born to ?is recipi5t ( ! dep>t$ s\l is animat$ by x1 & takes ! rank & "n ( ! deceas$4#b ,! ,nutka ,indians n )\t +5uity acc\nt$ = ! exi/5ce ( a di/ant tribe speak+ ! same language z !mselves1 by decl>+ !m to be ! spirits ( _! dead4#c ,9 ,gre5l&1 :]e ! wret*$ cu/om ( ab&on+ & ev5 plund]+ wid[s & orphans 0 t5d+ to br+ ! :ole race to ext9ction1 a helpless wid[ w\ld seek to p]suade "s fa!r t ! s\l ( a dead *ild ( 8 _h pass$ into a liv+ *ild ( h]s1 or vice v]s1 ?us ga9+ = h]self a new relative & protector4#d ,x is mo/ly ance/ral or k9dr$ s\ls t are ?\ght to ent] into *ildr51 & ?is k9d ( transmigration is !re=e f ! savage po9t ( view a highly philosophical !ory1 acc\nt+ z x does s well = ! g5]al resemblance betwe5 p>5ts & *ildr51 & ev5 = ! m special ph5om5a ( atavism4 ,9 ,nor?-,we/ ,am]ica1 among ! ,kolo%es1 ! "m sees 9 a dream ! deceas$ relative ^: transmitt$ s\l w give 8 lik5ess to ! *ild2#e & 9 ,vanc\v]'s ,isl& 9 #ahfj a lad 0 mu* reg>d$ by ! ,indians because he _h a m>k l ! sc> ( a gun-%ot w\nd on 8 hip1 x be+ believ$ t a *ief dead "s f\r g5]ations be=e1 :o _h su* a m>k1 _h return$4#f ,9 ,old ,calab>1 if a "m loses a *ild1 & ano!r is born soon aft]1 %e ?9ks ! dep>t$ "o to h come back4#g ,! ,wanika consid] t ! s\l ( a dead ance/or animates a *ild1 & ?is is :y x resembles its fa!r or "m2#h 9 ,gu9ea a *ild be>+ a /rong resemblance1 physical or m5tal1 to a dead relative1 is suppos$ to h inh]it$ 8 s\l2#i & ! ,yorubas1 greet+ a new-born infant ) ! salutation1 #8,?\ art come6' look = signs to %[ :at ance/ral s\l has return$ among !m4#aj ,among ! ,khonds ( ,orissa1 bir?s are celebrat$ by a fea/ on ! sev5? day1 & ! prie/1 div9+ by dropp+ rice-gra9s 9 a cup ( wat]1 & judg+ f obs]vations made on ! p]son ( ! infant1 det]m9es :i* ( 8 prog5itors has reappe>$1 & ! *ild g5]ally at lea/ among ! nor!rn tribes receives ! "n ( t ance/or4#aa ,9 ,europe ! ,lapps repeat an in/ructive animi/ic idea j notic$ 9 ,am]ica2 ! future "m 0 told 9 a dream :at "n to give h] *ild1 ?is message be+ usually giv5 by ! v _s ( ! deceas$ ance/or1 :o 0 ab\t to be inc>nate 9 h]4#ab ,among ! l[] races g5]ally ! r5ewal ( old family names by giv+ !m to new-born *ildr5 may always be suspect$ ( involv+ "s su* ?\ght4 ,! foll[+ is a curi\s pair ( in/ances f ! two halves ( ! globe4 ,! ,new ,zeal& prie/ w\ld repeat to ! infant a long li/ ( names ( its ance/ors1 fix+ ^u t "n :i* ! *ild by sneez+ or cry+ :5 x 0 utt]$1 0 consid]$ to select = itself2 :ile ! ,*]emiss 9 ,russia w\ld %ake ! baby till x cri$1 & !n repeat names to x1 till x *ose itself "o by leav+ (f cry+4#ac ,! belief 9 ! new human bir? ( ! dep>t$ s\l1 :i* has ev5 l$ ,we/ ,african negroes to commit suicide :5 9 di/ant slav]y1 t !y may revive 9 _! own l&1 9 fact am\nts among sev]al ( ! l[] races to a di/9ct doctr9e ( an e>?ly resurrection4 ,"o ( ! mo/ rem>kable =ms :i* ?is belief assumes is :5 d>k-sk9n$ races1 want+ "s reasonable !ory to acc\nt = ! appe>ance among !m ( human creatures ( a new /range sort1 ! :ite m51 & /ruck ) _! pallid dea?ly hue comb9$ ) p[]s t seem ^? ( sup]human spiritual be+s1 h det]m9$ t ! manes ( _! dead mu/ h come back 9 ?is wondr\s %ape4 ,! aborig9es ( ,au/ralia h express$ ?is !ory 9 ! simple =mula1 #8,blackfell[ tumble d[n1 jump up ,:itefell[4' ,?us a native :o 0 hang$ ye>s ago at ,melb\rne express$ 9 8 la/ mom5ts ! hopeful belief t he w\ld jump up ,:itefell[1 & h lots ( sixp5ces4 ,! doctr9e has be5 curr5t among !m s9ce e>ly days ( ,european int]c\rse1 & 9 accordance ) x !y habitually reg>d$ ! ,engli%m5 z _! own deceas$ k9dr$1 come back to _! c\ntry f an atta*m5t to x 9 a =m] life4 ,real or imag9$ lik5ess complet$ ! delusion1 z :5 ,sir ,george ,grey 0 hugg$ & wept ov] by an old woman :o f\nd 9 him a son %e _h lo/1 or :5 a convict1 recogniz$ z a deceas$ relative1 0 end[$ anew ) ! l& he _h possess$ dur+ 8 =m] life4 ,a simil> !ory may be trac$ nor?w>d by ! ,torres ,isl&s to ,new ,cal$onia1 :]e ! natives ?\ght ! :ite m5 to be ! spirits ( ! dead :o br+ sickness1 & assign$ ?is z _! reason = wi%+ to kill :ite m54#ad ,9 ,africa1 aga91 ! belief is f\nd among ! ,we/]n negroes t !y w rise aga9 :ite1 & ! ,b>i ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 believ+ 9 ! resurrection ( ! dead on e>?1 consid]$ ! fir/ :ite p !y saw z dep>t$ spirits ?us come back4#ae ,next1 ! l[] psy*ology1 draw+ no def9ite l9e ( dem>cation betwe5 s\ls ( m5 & ( bea/s1 c at lea/ admit )\t difficulty ! transmission ( human s\ls into ! bodies ( ! l[] animals4 ,a s]ies ( examples f among ! native tribes ( ,am]ica w s]ve well to %[ ! v>i\s ways 9 :i* su* ideas are work$ out4 ,! ,ahts ( ,vanc\v]'s ,isl& consid] ! liv+ man's s\l able to ent] into o!r bodies ( m5 & animals1 go+ 9 & out l ! inhabitant ( a h\se4 ,9 old times1 !y say1 m5 exi/$ 9 ! =ms ( birds1 bea/s1 & fi%es1 or ^! _h ! spirits ( ! ,indians 9 _! bodies2 "s ?9k t aft] dea? !y w pass aga9 into ! bodies ( ! animals !y occupi$ 9 ?is =m] /ate4#af ,9 an ,indian di/rict ( ,nor?-,we/ ,cali=nia1 we f9d natives believ+ ! spirits ( _! dead to ent] into be>s1 & travell]s h he>d ( a tribe begg+ ! life ( a wr9kle-fac$ old %e grizzly be> z ! recipi5t ( ! s\l ( "s p>ticul> gr&am1 :om !y fanci$ ! creature to resemble4#ag ,s1 among ! ,esquimaux1 a travell] notic$ a wid[ :o 0 liv+ = consci5ce' sake ^u birds1 & w\ld n t\* walrus-meat1 :i* ! angekok _h =bidd5 h] = a "t1 because h] late husb& _h ent]$ into a walrus4#ah ,among o!r ,nor? ,am]ican tribes1 we he> ( ! ,p[hatans refra9+ f do+ h>m to c]ta9 small wood-birds :i* receiv$ ! s\ls ( _! *iefs2#ai ( ,huron s\ls turn+ into turtle-doves aft] ! burial ( _! bones at ! ,fea/ ( ! ,dead2#bj ( t pa!tic fun]al rite ( ! ,iroquois1 ! sett+ free a bird on ! ev5+ ( burial1 to c>ry away ! s\l4#ba ,9 ,mexico1 ! ,tlascalans ?\ght t aft] dea? ! s\ls ( nobles w\ld animate beautiful s++ birds1 :ile plebeians pass$ into weasels & beetles & su* l vile creatures4#bb ,s1 9 ,brazil1 ! ,iannas say t ! s\ls ( ! brave w become beautiful birds1 fe$+ on pleasant fruits1 b c[>ds w be turn$ into reptiles4#bc ,among ! ,abipones we he> ( c]ta9 little ducks :i* fly 9 flocks at night1 utt]+ a m\rnful hiss1 & :i* fancy associates ) ! s\ls ( ! dead2#bd :ile 9 ,popayan x is said t doves 7 n kill$1 z inspir$ by dep>t$ s\ls4#be ,la/ly1 transmigration into brutes is also a receiv$ doctr9e 9 ,s\? ,am]ica z :5 a mission>y he>d a ,*iriquane woman ( we/]n ,brazil say ( a fox1 #8,may n t be ! _s ( my dead daught]8'#bf ,9 ,africa1 aga91 m5tion is made ( ! ,m>avi ?9k+ t ! s\ls ( bad m5 became jackals1 & ( good m5 snakes4#bg ,! ,zulus1 :ile admitt+ t a man may turn into a wasp or liz>d1 "w out 9 ! fulle/ way ! idea ( ! dead becom+ snakes1 a creature ^: *ange ( sk9 has s (t5 be5 associat$ ) ! ?\ght ( resurrection & immortality4 ,x is especially c]ta9 gre5 or br[n h>mless snakes1 :i* come g5tly & fe>lessly into h\ses1 :i* are consid]$ to be #8amatongo' or ance/ors1 & !re=e are treat$ respectfully1 & h (f]+s ( food giv5 !m4 ,9 two ways1 ! dead man :o has become a snake c /ill be recogniz$2 if ! creature is "o-ey$1 or has a sc> or "s o!r m>k1 x is recogniz$ z ! #8itongo' ( a man :o 0 ?us m>k$ 9 life2 b if he _h no m>k ! #8itongo' appe>s 9 human %ape 9 dreams1 ?us reveal+ ! p]sonality ( ! snake4#bh ,9 ,gu9ea1 monkeys f\nd ne> a gravey>d are suppos$ to be animat$ by ! spirits ( ! dead1 & 9 c]ta9 localities monkeys1 crocodiles1 & snakes1 be+ ?\ght m5 9 metempsy*osis1 are held sacr$4#bi ,x is to be borne 9 m9d t notions ( ?is k9d may =m 9 b>b>ic psy*ology b a portion ( ! wide doctr9e ( ! s\l's future exi/5ce4 ,= a conspicu\s in/ance ( ?is1 let u take ! sy/em ( ! ,gold-,coa/ negroes4 ,!y believe t ! #8kla' or #8kra1' ! vital s\l1 becomes at dea? a #8sisa' or gho/1 :i* c rema9 9 ! h\se ) ! body1 plague ! liv+1 & cause sickness1 till x dep>ts or is driv5 by ! sorc]] to ! bank ( ! ,riv] ,volta1 :]e ! gho/s build !mselves h\ses & dwell4 ,b !y c & d come back f ?is ,l& ( ,s\ls4 ,!y c be born aga9 z s\ls 9 new human bodies1 & a s\l :o 0 poor be=e w n[ be ri*4 ,_m w n come back z m51 b w become animals4 ,to an ,african "m :o has lo/ h] *ild1 x is a consolation to say1 #8,he w come aga94'#cj ,9 high] levels ( culture1 ! !ory ( re-embodim5t ( ! s\l appe>s 9 /rong & v>i$ developm5t4 ,?\gh seem+ly n receiv$ by ! e>ly ,aryans1 ! doctr9e ( migration 0 adopt$ & adapt$ by ,h9du philosophy1 & =ms an integral "p ( t great sy/em common to ,brahmanism & ,buddhism1 :]e9 successive bir?s or exi/5ces are believ$ to c>ry on ! consequ5ces ( pa/ & prep>e ! antec$5ts ( future life4 ,to ! ,h9du ! body is b ! tempor>y receptacle ( ! s\l1 :i*1 #8b\nd 9 ! *a9s ( de$s' & #8eat+ ! fruits ( pa/ actions1' promotes or degrades itself along a s]ies ( embodim5ts 9 plant1 bea/1 man1 deity4 ,?us all creatures diff] r 9 degree ?an k9d1 all are ak9 to man1 an elephant or ape or worm may once h be5 human1 & may become human aga91 a p>iah or b>b>ian is at once l[-ca/e among m5 & high-ca/e among brutes4 ,?r\gh su* bodies migrate ! s9ful s\ls :i* desire has drawn d[n f primal purity into gross mat]ial be+2 ! _w :]e !y d p5ance = ! guilt incurr$ 9 pa/ exi/5ces is a huge re=matory1 & life is ! long griev\s process ( develop+ evil into good4 ,! rules are set =? 9 ! book ( ,manu h[ s\ls end[$ ) ! quality ( goodness acquire div9e nature1 :ile s\ls gov]n$ by passion take up ! human /ate1 & s\ls sunk 9 d>kness are degrad$ to brutes4 ,?us ! range ( migration /ret*es d[nw>d f gods & sa9ts1 ?r\gh holy ascetics1 ,brahmans1 nymphs1 k+s1 c\nsellors1 to actors1 drunk>ds1 birds1 danc]s1 *eats1 elephants1 horses1 ,sudras1 b>b>ians1 wild bea/s1 snakes1 worms1 insects1 & in]t ?+s4 ,obscure z ! relation mo/ly is betwe5 ! crime & its puni%m5t 9 a new life1 !re may be disc]n$ ?r\gh ! code ( p5al transmigration an attempt at appropriat5ess ( p5alty1 & an int5tion to puni% ! s9n] :]e9 he s9n$4 ,= faults committ$ 9 a previ\s exi/5ce m5 are afflict$ ) de=mities1 ! /eal] ( food %all be dyspeptic1 ! sc&al-mong] %all h f\l brea?1 ! horse-/eal] %all g lame1 & 9 consequ5ce ( _! de$s m5 %all be born idiots1 bl9d1 deaf & dumb1 mis-%ap$1 & ?us despis$ ( good m54 ,aft] expiation ( _! wick$ness 9 ! hells ( torm5t1 ! murd]] ( a ,brahman may pass into a wild bea/ or p>iah2 he :o adult]\sly di%on\rs 8 guru or spiritual fa!r %all be a hundr$ times re-born z grass1 a bu%1 a creep]1 a c>rion bird1 a bea/ ( prey2 ! cruel %all become blood-?ir/y bea/s2 /eal]s ( gra9 & meat %all turn into rats & vultures2 ! ?ief :o took dy$ g>m5ts1 kit*5-h]bs1 or p]fumes1 %all become accord+ly a r$ p>tridge1 a peacock1 or a musk-rat4 ,9 %ort1 #89 :atev] disposition ( m9d a man accompli%es su* & su* an act1 he %all reap ! fruit 9 a body end[$ ) su* & su* a quality4'#ca ,! recognition ( plants z possible receptacles ( ! transmigrat+ _s well illu/rates ! conception ( s\ls ( plants4 ,! idea is "o kn[n to l[] races 9 a di/rict ( ! _w :i* has be5 "u ,h9du influ5ce4 ,?us we he> among ! ,dayaks ( ,borneo ( ! human s\l ent]+ ! trunks ( trees1 :]e x may be se5 damp & blood-l1 b no long] p]sonal & s5ti5t1 or ( its be+ re-born f an animal :i* has eat5 ( ! b>k1 fl[]1 or fruit2#cb & ! ,santals ( ,b5gal are said to fancy t un*>itable m5 & *ildless wom5 are eat5 et]nally by worms & snakes1 :ile ! good ent] into fruit-be>+ trees4#cc ,b x is an op5 "q h[ f> ^! & ! ,h9du ideas ( vegetable transmigration c be consid]$ z indep5d5t4 ,a curi\s comm5t>y on ! ,h9du work+ out ( ! conception ( plant-s\ls is to be f\nd 9 a passage 9 a #ag?-c5tury "w1 :i* describes c]ta9 ,brahmans ( ! ,corom&el ,coa/ z eat+ fruits1 b be+ c>eful n to pull ! plants up by ! roots1 le/ !y %\ld dislodge a s\l2 b few1 x is rem>k$1 are s scrupul\s z ?is1 & ! consid]ation has occurr$ to !m t s\ls 9 roots & h]bs are mo/ vile & abject bodies1 s t if dislodg$ !y may become bett] (f by ent]+ into ! bodies ( m5 or bea/s4#cd ,moreov]1 ! ,brahmanic doctr9e ( s\ls transmigrat+ into in]t ?+s has 9 l mann] a be>+ on ! savage !ory ( object-s\ls4#ce ,buddhism1 l ! ,brahmanism f :i* x sec$$1 habitually recogniz$ transmigration betwe5 sup]human & human be+s & ! l[] animals1 & 9 an exceptional way recogniz$ a degradation ev5 into a plant or a ?+4 ,h[ ! ,buddhi/ m9d elaborat$ ! doctr9e ( metempsy*osis1 may be se5 9 ! endless leg5ds ( ,gautama himself und]go+ 8 #eej bir?s1 suff]+ pa9 & mis]y ?r\gh c\ntless ages to ga9 ! p[] ( free+ s5ti5t be+s f ! mis]y inh]5t 9 all exi/5ce4 ,f\r times he became ,maha ,brahma1 tw5ty times ! dewa ,sekra1 & _m times or few he pass$ ?r\gh su* /ages z a h]mit1 a k+1 a ri* man1 a slave1 a pott]1 a gambl]1 a cur] ( snake bites1 an ape1 an elephant1 a bull1 a s]p5t1 a snipe1 a fi%1 a frog1 ! dewa or g5ius ( a tree4 ,at la/1 :5 he became ! supreme ,buddha1 8 m9d1 l a vessel ov]fl[+ ) honey1 ov]fl[$ ) ! ambrosia ( tru?1 & he proclaim$ 8 triumph ov] life3-- #8,pa9ful are repeat$ bir?s4 ,o h\se-build]6 ,i h se5 !e1 ,?\ can/ n build aga9 a h\se = me4 ,?y raft]s are brok5 ,?y ro(-timb]s are %att]$4 ,my m9d is deta*$1 ,i h atta9$ to ! ext9ction ( desire4' ,:e!r ! ,buddhi/s receive ! full ,h9du doctr9e ( ! migration ( ! individual s\l f bir? to bir?1 or :e!r !y ref9e away into metaphysical subtleties ! notion ( cont9u$ p]sonality1 !y d consi/5tly & sy/ematically hold t a man's life 9 =m] exi/5ces is ! cause ( 8 n[ be+ :at he is1 :ile at ?is mom5t he is accumulat+ m]it or dem]it ^: result w det]m9e 8 fate 9 future lives4 ,memory1 x is true1 fails g5]ally to recall ^! pa/ bir?s1 b memory1 z we "k1 /ops %ort ( ! beg9n+ ev5 ( ?is pres5t life4 ,:5 ,k+ ,bims>a's feet 7 burn$ & rubb$ ) salt by comm& ( 8 cruel son t he might n walk1 :y 0 ?is torture inflict$ on a man s holy8 ,because 9 a previ\s bir? he _h walk$ ne> a dagoba ) 8 slipp]s on1 & _h trodd5 on a prie/'s c>pet )\t wa%+ 8 feet4 ,a man may be prosp]\s = a "t on acc\nt ( ! m]it he has receiv$ 9 =m] bir?s1 b if he does n cont9ue to keep ! precepts1 8 next bir? w be 9 "o ( ! hells1 he w !n be born 9 ?is _w z a bea/1 aft]w>ds z a preta or sprite2 a pr\d man may be born aga9 ugly ) l>ge lips1 or z a demon or a worm4 ,! ,buddhi/ !ory ( #8k>ma' or #8action1' :i* controls ! de/9y ( all s5ti5t be+s1 n by judicial rew>d & puni%m5t1 b by ! inflexible result ( cause into effect1 :]e9 ! pres5t is ev] det]m9$ by ! pa/ 9 an unbrok5 l9e ( causation1 is inde$ "o ( ! _w's mo/ rem>kable developm5ts ( e?ical speculation4#cf ,)9 ! classic _w1 ! anci5t ,egyptians 7 describ$ z ma9ta9+ a doctr9e ( migration1 :e!r by successive embodim5ts ( ! immortal s\l ?r\gh creatures ( e>?1 sea1 & air1 & back aga9 to man1 or by ! simpl] judicial p5alty :i* s5t back ! wick$ dead to e>? z unclean bea/s4#cg ,! pictures & hi]oglyphic s5t5ces ( ! ,book ( ! ,dead1 h[ev]1 d n af=d ! necess>y confirmation = ^! /atem5ts1 ev5 ! my/ic trans=mations ( ! s\l n be+ ( ! nature ( transmigrations4 ,?us x seems t ! !ological c5tre :5ce ! doctr9e ( moral metempsy*osis may h spread ov] ! anci5t cultur$ religions1 mu/ be s\ght else:]e ?an 9 ,egypt4 ,9 ,greek philosophy1 great tea*]s /ood =? to proclaim ! doctr9e 9 a highly develop$ =m4 ,plato _h my?ic k to convey ( s\ls ent]+ su* new inc>nations z _! glimpse ( real exi/5ce _h made !m fit =1 f ! body ( a philosoph] or a lov] d[n to ! body ( a tyrant & usurp]2 ( s\ls transmigrat+ into bea/s & ris+ aga9 to man accord+ to ! lives !y l$2 ( birds t 7 light-m9d$ s\ls2 ( oy/]s suff]+ 9 bani%m5t ! p5alty ( utt] ignorance4 ,py?agoras is made to illu/rate 9 8 own p]son 8 doctr9e ( metempsy*osis1 by recogniz+ :]e x hung 9 ,"h's temple ! %ield he _h c>ri$ 9 a =m] bir?1 :5 he 0 t ,euphorbos :om ,m5elaos slew at ! siege ( ,troy4 ,aft]w>ds he 0 ,h]motimos1 ! ,klazom5ian prophet ^: fun]al rites 7 s prematurely celebrat$ :ile 8 s\l 0 out1 & aft] t1 z ,lucian tells ! /ory1 8 prophetic s\l pass$ into ! body ( a cock4 ,mikyllos asks ?is cock to tell him ab\t ,troy--7 ?+s !re really z ,hom] said8 ,b ! cock replies1 #8,h[ %\ld ,hom] h kn[n1 ,o ,mikyllos8 ,:5 ! ,trojan w> 0 go+ on1 he 0 a camel 9 ,baktria6'#ch ,9 ! lat] ,jewi% philosophy1 ! ,kabbali/s took up ! doctr9e ( migration1 ! gilgul or #8roll+ on' ( s\ls1 & ma9ta9$ x by t *>act]i/ic me?od ( ,biblical int]pretation :i* x is good to hold up f "t to "t = a w>n+ to ! my/ical int]pret]s ( our own day4 ,! s\l ( ,adam pass$ into ,david1 & %all pass into ! ,messiah1 = are n ^! initials 9 ! v "n ( ,ad7a7m1 & does n ,ezekiel say t #8my s]vant ,david %all be _! pr9ce = ev]4' ,ca9's s\l pass$ into ,je?ro1 & ,abel's into ,moses1 & !re=e x 0 t ,je?ro gave ,moses 8 daught] to wife4 ,s\ls migrate into bea/s & birds & v]m91 = is n ,jehovah #8! "l ( ! spirits ( all fle%'8 & he :o has done "o s9 beyond 8 good works %all pass into a brute4 ,he :o gives a ,jew unclean meat to eat1 8 s\l %all ent] into a leaf1 bl[n to & fro by ! w9d2 #8= ye %all be z an oak ^: leaf fade?2' & he :o speaks ill words1 8 s\l %all pass into a dumb /one1 z did ,nabal's1 #8& he became a /one4'#ci ,)9 ! range ( ,*ri/ian influ5ce ! ,mani*ans appe> z ! mo/ rem>kable expon5ts ( ! metempsy*osis4 ,we he> ( _! ideas ( s9n]s' s\ls transmigrat+ into bea/s1 ! vil] accord+ to _! crimes2 t he :o kills a f[l or rat w become a f[l or rat himself2 t s\ls c pass into plants root$ 9 ! gr\nd1 :i* ?us h n only life b s5se2 t ! s\ls ( reap]s pass into beans & b>ley1 to be cut d[n 9 _! turn1 & ?us ! elect 7 c>eful to expla9 to ! bread :5 !y ate x1 t x 0 n !y :o reap$ ! corn x 0 made (2 t ! s\ls ( ! auditors1 t is1 ! spiritually l[ commonalty :o liv$ a m>ri$ life1 w\ld pass into melons & cucumb]s1 to f9i% _! purification by be+ eat5 by ! elect4 ,b ^! details come to u f ! acc\nts ( bitt] !ological adv]s>ies1 & ! "q is1 h[ mu* ( !m did ! ,mani*ans really & sob]ly believe8 ,all[+ = exagg]ation & con/ructive imputation1 !re is "s reason to consid] ! acc\nt at lea/ f\nd$ on fact4 ,! ,mani*ans appe> to h recogniz$ a w&]+ ( imp]fect s\ls1 :e!r or n _! composite religion may ) its ,z>a?u/rian & ,*ri/ian elem5ts h also absorb$ 9 s ,indian a %ape ! doctr9e ( purification ( s\ls by migration into animals & plants4#dj ,9 lat] times1 ! doctr9e ( metempsy*osis has be5 aga9 & aga9 notic$ 9 a di/rict ( ,s\?-,we/]n ,asia4 ,william ( ,ruysbroek speaks ( ! notion ( s\ls pass+ f body to body z g5]al among ! m$ival ,ne/orians1 ev5 a some:at intellig5t prie/ consult+ him z to ! s\ls ( brutes1 :e!r !y c\ld f9d refuge else:]e s z n to be compell$ to lab\r aft] dea?4 ,rabbi ,b5jam9 ( ,tudela records 9 ! #ab? c5tury ( ! ,druses ( ,m\nt ,h]mon3 #8,!y say t ! s\l ( a virtu\s man is transf]r$ to ! body ( a new-born *ild1 :]eas t ( ! vici\s transmigrates into a dog1 or "s o!r animal4' ,su* ideas inde$1 seem n yet ext9ct 9 ! mod]n ,druse nation4 ,among ! ,nassairi1 also1 transmigration is believ$ 9 z a p5ance & purification3 we he> ( migration ( unbeliev]s into camels1 asses1 dogs1 or %eep1 ( disob$i5t ,nassairi into ,jews1 ,sunnis1 or ,*ri/ians1 ( ! fai?ful into new bodies ( _! own p1 a few su* *anges ( #8%irt' 7i4e4 body71 br++ !m to ent] p>adise or become />s4#da ,an in/ance ( ! belief )9 ! limits ( mod]n ,*ri/ian ,europe may be f\nd among ! ,bulg>ians1 ^: sup]/ition is t ,turks :o h nev] eat5 pork 9 life w become wild bo>s aft] dea?4 ,a p>ty assembl$ to fea/ on a bo> has be5 kn[n to ?r[ x all away1 = ! meat jump$ (f ! spit into ! fire1 & a piece ( cotton 0 f\nd 9 ! e>s1 :i* ! wise man decid$ to be a piece ( ! ci-devant ,turk's turban4#db ,su* cases1 h[ev]1 are exceptional4 ,metempsy*osis nev] became "o ( ! great doctr9es ( ,*ri/5dom1 ?\gh n unkn[n 9 m$ival s*ola/icism1 & ?\gh ma9ta9$ by an ecc5tric !ologian "h & !re into our own times4 ,x w\ld be /range 7 x n s4 ,x is 9 ! v nature ( ! developm5t ( religion t speculations ( ! e>li] culture %\ld dw9dle to survivals1 yet be aga9 & aga9 reviv$4 ,doctr9es transmigrate1 if s\ls d n2 & metempsy*osis1 w&]+ along ! c\rse ( ages1 came at la/ to animate ! s\ls ( ,f\ri] & ,soame ,j5yns4#dc ,?us we h trac$ ! !ory ( metempsy*osis 9 /age aft] /age ( ! _w's civilization1 scatt]$ among ! native races ( ,am]ica & ,africa1 e/abli%$ 9 ! ,asiatic nations1 especially :]e elaborat$ by ! ,h9du m9d into its sy/em ( e?ical philosophy1 ris+ & fall+ 9 classic & m$ival ,europe1 & l+]+ at la/ 9 ! mod]n _w z an intellectual crot*et1 ( little acc\nt b to ! e?nograph] :o notes x d[n z an item ( evid5ce = 8 cont9uity ( culture4 ,:at1 we may well ask1 0 ! orig9al cause & motive ( ! doctr9e ( transmigration8 ,some?+ may be said 9 answ]1 ?\gh n at all en\gh = full explanation4 ,! !ory t ance/ral s\ls return1 ?us imp>t+ _! own lik5ess ( m9d & body to _! desc5dants & k9dr$1 has be5 already m5tion$ & comm5d$ z 9 itself a v reasonable & philosophical hypo!sis1 acc\nt+ = ! ph5om5on ( family lik5ess go+ on f g5]ation to g5]ation4 ,b :y %\ld x h be5 imag9$ t m5's s\ls c\ld inhabit ! bodies ( bea/s & birds8 ,z has be5 already po9t$ out1 savages n unreasonably consid] ! l[] animals to h s\ls l _! own1 & ?is /ate ( m9d makes ! idea ( a man's s\l transmigrat+ into a bea/'s body at lea/ seem possible4 ,b x does n actually sugge/ ! idea4 ,! view /at$ 9 a previ\s *apt] z to ! orig9 ( ! conception ( s\l 9 g5]al1 may p]haps help u "h4 ,z x seems t ! fir/ conception ( s\ls may h be5 t ( ! s\ls ( m51 ?is be+ aft]w>ds ext5d$ by analogy to ! s\ls ( animals1 plants1 c41 s x may seem t ! orig9al idea ( transmigration 0 ! /raight=w>d & reasonable "o ( human s\ls be+ re-born 9 new human bodies1 :]e !y are recogniz$ by family lik5esses 9 successive g5]ations4 ,?is notion may h be5 aft]w>ds ext5d$ to take 9 re-bir? 9 bodies ( animals1 c4 ,!re are "s well-m>k$ savage ideas :i* w fit ) su* a c\rse ( ?\ght4 ,! half-human features & actions & *>act]s ( animals are wat*$ ) wond]+ sympa?y by ! savage1 z by ! *ild4 ,! bea/ is ! v inc>nation ( famili> qualities ( man2 & su* names z lion1 be>1 fox1 owl1 p>rot1 vip]1 worm1 :5 we apply !m z epi!ts to m51 cond5se into a ^w "s lead+ feature ( a human life4 ,consi/5tly ) ?is1 we see 9 look+ ov] details ( savage transmigration t ! creatures (t5 h an evid5t fitness to ! "* ( ! human be+s ^: s\ls are to pass into !m1 s t ! savage philosoph]'s fancy ( transf]r$ s\ls (f]$ some?+ l an explanation ( ! lik5ess betwe5 bea/ & man4 ,?is comes m cle>ly into view among ! m civiliz$ races :o h work$ out ! idea ( transmigration into e?ical s*emes ( retribution1 :]e ! appropriat5ess ( ! creatures *os5 is almo/ z manife/ to ! mod]n critic z x c\ld h be5 to ! anci5t believ]4 ,p]haps ! mo/ graphic re/oration ( ! /ate ( m9d 9 :i* ! !ological doctr9e ( metempsy*osis 0 work$ out 9 long-pa/ ages1 may be f\nd 9 ! writ+s ( a mod]n !ologian ^: spiritualism (t5 foll[s to ! extreme ! intellectual tracks ( ! l[] races4 ,9 ! spiritual _w1 says ,emanuel ,sw$5borg1 su* p]sons z h op5$ !mselves = ! admission ( ! devil & acquir$ ! nature ( bea/s1 becom+ foxes 9 cunn+1 c41 appe> also at a di/ance 9 ! prop] %ape ( su* bea/s z !y repres5t 9 disposition4#dd ,la/ly1 "o ( ! mo/ notable po9ts ab\t ! !ory ( transmigration is its close be>+ ^u a ?\ght :i* lies v deep 9 ! hi/ory ( philosophy1 ! developm5t-!ory ( organic life 9 successive /ages4 ,an elevation f ! vegetable to ! l[] animal life1 & !nce onw>d ?r\gh ! high] animals to man1 to say no?+ ( sup]human be+s1 does n "h require ev5 a succession ( di/9ct individuals1 b is br\ght by ! !ory ( metempsy*osis )9 ! compass ( ! successive vegetable & animal lives ( a s+le be+4 ,"h a few words may be said on a subject :i* _c be left out ( sight1 connect+ z x does ! two great bran*es ( ! doctr9e ( future exi/5ce1 b :i* x is difficult to h&le 9 def9ite t]ms1 & mu* m to trace hi/orically by comp>+ ! views ( l[] & high] races4 ,?is is ! doctr9e ( a bodily r5ewal or resurrection4 ,to ! philosophy ( ! l[] races x is by no means necess>y t ! surviv+ s\l %\ld be provid$ ) a new body1 = x seems itself to be ( a filmy or vapor\s corporeal nature1 capable ( c>ry+ on an indep5d5t exi/5ce l o!r corporeal creatures4 ,savage descriptions ( ! next _w are (t5 su* absolute copies ( ?is1 t x is sc>cely possible to say :e!r ! dead are or are n ?\ght ( z hav+ bodies l ! liv+2 & a few pieces ( evid5ce ( ?is class are h>dly en\gh to prove ! l[] races to hold orig9al & di/9ct doctr9es ( corporeal resurrection4#de ,aga91 att5tion mu/ be giv5 to ! practice1 s common among l[ & high races1 ( pres]v+ relics ( ! dead1 f m]e morsels ( bone up to :ole mummifi$ bodies4 ,x is well kn[n t ! dep>t$ s\l is (t5 ?\ght apt to revisit ! rema9s ( ! body1 z is se5 9 ! well-kn[n pictures ( ! ,egyptian fun]al ritual4 ,b ! pres]vation ( ^! rema9s1 ev5 :]e x ?us involves a p]man5t connexion betwe5 body & s\l1 does n necess>ily approa* m closely to a bodily resurrection4#df ,9 discuss+ ! closely alli$ doctr9e ( metempsy*osis1 ,i h describ$ ! !ory ( ! s\l's transmigration into a new human body z ass]t+ 9 fact an e>?ly resurrection4 ,f ! same po9t ( view1 a bodily resurrection 9 ,heav5 or ,hades is te*nically a transmigration ( ! s\l4 ,?is is pla9 among ! high] races1 9 ^: religion ^! doctr9es take at once cle>] def9ition & m practical import4 ,!re are "s di/9ct m5tions ( bodily resurrection 9 ! ,rig ,v$a3 ! dead is spok5 ( z glorifi$1 putt+ on 8 body 7tanu72 & x is ev5 promis$ t ! pi\s man %all be born 9 ! next _w ) 8 entire body 7s>vatan74 ,9 ,brahm9ism & ,buddhism1 ! re-bir?s ( s\ls 9 bodies to inhabit heav5s & hells are simply includ$ z p>ticul> cases ( transmigration4 ,! doctr9e ( ! resurrection appe>s f> back 9 ! religion ( ,p]sia1 & is !nce suppos$ to h pass$ into late ,jewi% belief4#dg ,9 e>ly ,*ri/ianity1 ! conception ( bodily resurrection is develop$ ) especial /r5g? & fulness 9 ! ,paul9e doctr9e4 ,= an explicit int]pretation ( ?is doctr9e1 su* z comm5d$ itself to ! m9ds ( lat] !ologians1 x is in/ructive to cite ! rem>kable passage ( ,orig51 :]e he speaks ( #8corporeal matt]1 ( :i* matt]1 9 :atev] quality plac$1 ! s\l always has use1 n[ inde$ c>nal1 b aft]w>ds inde$ subtl] & pur]1 :i* is call$ spiritual4'#dh ,pass+ f ^! metaphysical doctr9es ( civiliz$ !ology1 we n[ take up a s]ies ( beliefs high] 9 practical mom5t1 & m cle>ly conceiv$ 9 savage ?\ght4 ,!re may well h be51 & !re may /ill be1 l[ races de/itute ( any belief 9 a ,future ,/ate4 ,nev]!less1 prud5t e?nograph]s mu/ (t5 d\bt acc\nts ( su*1 = ?is reason1 t ! savage :o decl>es t ! dead live no m1 may m]ely mean to say t !y are dead4 ,:5 ! ,ea/ ,african is ask$ :at becomes ( 8 buri$ ance/ors1 ! #8old p1' he c reply t #8!y are end$1' yet at ! same "t he fully admits t _! gho/s survive4#di ,9 an acc\nt ( ! religi\s ideas ( ! ,zulus1 tak5 d[n f a native1 x is explicitly /at$ t ,unkulunkulu ! ,old-,old-,"o said t p #87 to die & nev] rise aga91' & t he all[$ !m to #8die & rise no m4'#ej ,kn[+ s ?or\ghly z we n[ d ! !ology ( ! ,zulus1 ^: gho/s n only survive 9 ! "u-_w1 b are ! v deities ( ! liv+1 we c put ! prop] s5se to ^! expressions4 ,b )\t su* in=mation1 we might h mi/ak5 !m = d5ials ( ! s\l's exi/5ce aft] dea?4 ,?is objection may ev5 apply to "o ( ! mo/ =mal d5ials ( a future life ev] plac$ on record among an uncultur$ race1 a poem ( ! ,d9ka tribe ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 conc]n+ ,d5did ! ,creator3-- #8,on ! day :5 ,d5did made all ?+s1 ,he made ! sun2 ,& ! sun comes =?1 goes d[n1 & comes aga93 ,he made ! moon2 ,& ! moon comes =?1 goes d[n1 & comes aga93 ,he made ! />s2 ,& ! />s come =?1 g d[n1 & come aga93 ,he made man2 ,& man comes =?1 goes d[n into ! gr\nd1 & comes no m4' ,x is to be rem>k$1 h[ev]1 t ! close neighb\rs ( ^! ,d9ka1 ! ,b>i1 believe t ! dead d return to live aga9 on e>?1 & ! "q arises :e!r x is ! doctr9e ( bodily resurrection1 or ! doctr9e ( ! surviv+ gho/-s\l1 t ! ,d9ka poem d5ies4 ,! mission>y ,kaufmann says t ! ,d9ka d n believe ! immortality ( ! s\l1 t !y ?9k x b a brea?1 & ) dea? all is ov]2 ,brun-,rollet's contr>y au?ority goes to prove t !y d believe 9 ano!r life2 bo? leave x an op5 "q :e!r !y recognize ! exi/5ce ( surviv+ gho/s4#ea ,look+ at ! religion ( ! l[] races z a :ole1 we %all at lea/ n be ill-advis$ 9 tak+ z "o ( its g5]al & pr9cipal elem5ts ! doctr9e ( ! s\l's ,future ,life4 ,b "h x is ne$ful to expla91 to limit1 & to res]ve1 le/ mod]n !ological ideas %\ld lead u to miscon/rue m primitive beliefs4 ,9 su* enquiries ! phrase #8immortality ( ! s\l' is to be avoid$ z mislead+4 ,x is d\btful h[ f> ! l[] psy*ology ent]ta9s at all an absolute conception ( immortality1 = pa/ & future fade soon into utt] vagu5ess z ! savage m9d quits ! pres5t to explore !m1 ! measure ( mon?s & ye>s breaks d[n ev5 )9 ! n>r[ span ( human life1 & ! survivor's ?\ght ( ! s\l ( ! dep>t$ dw9dles & disappe>s ) ! p]sonal memory t kept x alive4 ,! doctr9e ( ! surviv+ s\l may inde$ be treat$ z common to all kn[n races1 ?\gh its acceptance is n unanim\s4 ,9 savage z 9 civiliz$ life1 dull & c>eless natures ignore a _w to come z too f> (f1 :ile sceptical intellects are apt to reject its belief z want+ pro(4 ,!re are ev5 /atem5ts on record ( :ole classes be+ =mally exclud$ f future life4 ,?is may be a matt] ( social pride4 ,9 ! ,tonga ,isl&s1 accord+ to ,m>9]1 x 0 held t ! *iefs & nobles w\ld live h]eaft] 9 ! happy isl& ( ,bolotu1 b t ! s\ls ( ! common p w\ld die ) _! bodies4 ,s ,capta9 ,john ,smi? relates z to ! belief ( ! ,virg9ians1 t ! *iefs w5t aft] dea? beyond ! sunset m\nta9s1 !re to dance & s+ ) _! pr$ecessors1 #8b ! common p !y suppose %all n live aft] dea?4' ,9 ! record ( a mission>y exam9ation ( ! ,nic>aguans1 !y are made to /ate _! belief t if a man liv$ well1 8 s\l w\ld asc5d to dwell among ! gods1 b if ill x w\ld p]i% ) ! body1 & !re w\ld be an end ( x4#eb ,none ( ^! acc\nts1 h[ev]1 agree ) :at is kn[n ( ! religion ( k9dr$ peoples1 ,polynesian1 ,algonqu91 or ,aztec4 ,b grant$ t ! s\l survives ! dea? ( ! body1 in/ance aft] in/ance f ! records ( ! l[] culture %[s ?is s\l to be reg>d$ z a mortal be+1 liable l ! body itself to accid5t & dea?4 ,! ,gre5l&]s piti$ ! poor s\ls :o mu/ pass 9 w9t] or 9 /orm ! dreadful m\nta9 :]e ! dead desc5d to rea* ! o!r _w1 = !n a s\l is l to come to h>m1 & die ! o!r dea? :]e !re is no?+ left1 & ?is is to !m ! dolefulle/ ?+ ( all4#ec ,?us ! ,fijians tell ( ! fight :i* ! gho/ ( a dep>t$ w>rior mu/ wage ) ! s\l-kill+ ,samu & 8 bre?r52 ?is is ! conte/ = :i* ! dead man is arm$ by bury+ ! w>-club ) 8 corpse1 & if he conqu]s1 ! way is op5 = him to ! judgm5t-seat ( ,nd5gei1 b if he is w\nd$1 8 doom is to w&] among ! m\nta9s1 & if kill$ 9 ! enc\nt] he is cook$ & eat5 by ,samu & 8 bre?r54 ,b ! s\ls ( unm>ri$ ,fijians w n ev5 survive to /& ?is wag] ( battle2 su* try 9 va9 to /eal at l[ wat] r\nd to ! edge ( ! reef pa/ ! rocks :]e ,nangananga1 de/roy] ( wifeless s\ls1 sits laugh+ at _! hopeless ef=ts1 & ask+ !m if !y ?9k ! tide w nev] fl[ aga91 till at la/ ! ris+ flood drives ! %iv]+ gho/s to ! bea*1 & ,nangananga da%es !m 9 pieces on ! great black /one1 z "o %att]s rott5 firewood4#ed ,su*1 aga91 7 ! tales told by ! ,gu9ea negroes ( ! life or dea? ( dep>t$ s\ls4 ,ei!r ! great prie/ be=e :om !y mu/ appe> aft] dea? w\ld judge !m1 s5d+ ! good 9 peace to a happy place1 b kill+ ! wick$ a second "t ) ! club t /&s ready be=e 8 dwell+2 or else ! dep>t$ %all be judg$ by _! god at ! riv] ( dea?1 to be g5tly waft$ by him to a pleasant l& if !y h kept fea/s & oa?s & ab/a9$ f =bidd5 meats1 b if n1 to be plung$ into ! riv] by ! god1 & ?us dr[n$ & buri$ 9 et]nal oblivion4#ee ,ev5 common wat] c dr[n a negro gho/1 if we may believe ! mission>y ,cavazzi's /ory ( ! ,matamba wid[s be+ duck$ 9 ! riv] or pond to dr[n (f ! s\ls ( _! dep>t$ husb&s1 :o might /ill be hang+ ab\t !m1 cl++ close/ to ! be/-lov$ wives4 ,aft] ?is c]emony1 !y w5t & m>ri$ aga94#ef ,f su* details x appe>s t ! conception ( "s s\ls suff]+ ext9ction at dea? or dy+ a second dea?1 a ?\ght /ill z h]et(ore famili> to speculative !ology1 is n unkn[n 9 ! l[] culture4 ,! s\l1 z recogniz$ 9 ! philosophy ( ! l[] races1 may be def9$ z an e!real surviv+ be+1 conceptions ( :i* prec$$ & l$ up to ! m transc5d5tal !ory ( ! immat]ial & immortal s\l1 :i* =ms "p ( ! !ology ( high] nations4 ,x is pr9cipally ! e!real surviv+ s\l ( e>ly culture t has n[ to be /udi$ 9 ! religions ( savages & b>b>ians & ! folk-lore ( ! civiliz$ _w4 ,t ?is s\l %\ld be look$ on z surviv+ beyond dea? is a matt] sc>cely ne$+ elaborate argum5t4 ,pla9 exp]i5ce is !re to tea* x to e savage2 8 fri5d or 8 enemy is dead1 yet /ill 9 dream or op5 vision he sees ! spectral =m :i* is to 8 philosophy a real objective be+1 c>ry+ p]sonality z x c>ries lik5ess4 ,?is ?\ght ( ! s\l's cont9u$ exi/5ce is1 h[ev]1 b ! gateway into a complex region ( belief4 ,! doctr9es :i*1 sep>ate or comp\nd$1 make up ! s*eme ( future exi/5ce among p>ticul> tribes1 are pr9cipally ^!3 ! !ories ( l+]+1 w&]+1 & return+ gho/s1 & ( s\ls dwell+ on or bel[ or above ! e>? 9 a _s-_w1 :]e exi/5ce is modell$ ^u ! e>?ly life1 or rais$ to high] glory1 or plac$ "u rev]s$ conditions1 & la/ly1 ! belief 9 a division betwe5 happ9ess & mis]y ( dep>t$ s\ls1 by a retribution = de$s done 9 life1 det]m9$ 9 a judgm5t aft] dea?4 #8,all argum5t is aga9/ x2 b all belief is = x1' said ,dr4 ,johnson ( ! app>ition ( dep>t$ spirits4 ,! doctr9e t gho/-s\ls ( ! dead hov] among ! liv+ is inde$ root$ 9 ! l[e/ levels ( savage culture1 ext5ds ?r\gh b>b>ic life almo/ )\t a break1 & survives l>gely & deeply 9 ! mid/ ( civilization4 ,f ! myriad details ( travell]s1 mission>ies1 hi/orians1 !ologians1 spirituali/s1 x may be laid d[n z an admitt$ op9ion1 z wide 9 di/ribution z x is natural 9 ?\ght1 t ! two *ief hunt+-gr\nds ( ! dep>t$ s\l are ! sc5es ( its fle%ly life & ! burial place ( its body4 ,z 9 ,nor? ,am]ica ! ,*ickasaws believ$ t ! spirits ( ! dead 9 _! bodily %ape mov$ ab\t among ! liv+ 9 great joy2 z ! ,aleutian isl&]s fanci$ ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ walk+ unse5 among _! k9dr$1 & accompany+ !m 9 _! j\rneys by sea & l&2 z ,africans ?9k t s\ls ( ! dead dwell 9 _! mid/1 & eat ) !m at meal times2 z ,*9ese pay _! respects to k9dr$ spirits pres5t 9 ! hall ( ance/ors2#eg s multitudes 9 ,europe & ,am]ica live 9 an atmosph]e t sw>ms ) gho/ly %apes--spirits ( ! dead1 :o sit ov] aga9/ ! my/ic by 8 midnight fire1 rap & write 9 _s-circles1 & peep ov] girls' %\ld]s z !y sc>e !mselves into hy/]ics ) gho/-/ories4 ,almo/ ?r\gh\t ! va/ range ( animi/ic religion1 we %all f9d ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ hospitably ent]ta9$ by ! survivors on set occasions1 & manes-wor%ip1 s deep & /rong among ! fai?s ( ! _w1 recognizes ) a rev]5ce n )\t fe> & trembl+ ^? ance/ral spirits :i*1 p[]ful = good or ill1 manife/ _! pres5ce among mank9d4 ,nev]!less dea? & life dwell b ill toge!r1 & f savag]y onw>d !re is record$ _m a device by :i* ! survivors h s\ght to rid !mselves ( h\sehold gho/s4 ,?\gh ! unhappy savage cu/om ( des]t+ h\ses aft] a decease may (t5 be connect$ ) o!r causes1 su* z horror or abnegation ( all ?+s belong+ to ! dead1 !re are cases :]e x appe>s t ! place is simply ab&on$ to ! gho/4 ,9 ,old ,calab> x 0 cu/om>y = ! son to leave 8 fa!rs' h\se to decay1 b aft] two ye>s he might rebuild x1 ! gho/ be+ ?\ght by t "t to h dep>t$2#eh ! ,hott5tots ab&on$ ! dead man's h\se1 & 7 said to avoid ent]+ x le/ ! gho/ %\ld be )92#ei ! ,yakuts let ! hut fall 9 ru9s :]e any "o _h expir$1 ?9k+ x ! habitation ( demons2#fj ! ,k>5s 7 said to de/roy _! villages to escape ! dang]\s neighb\rhood ( dep>t$ s\ls4#fa ,su* proce$+s1 h[ev]1 sc>cely ext5d beyond ! limits ( b>b>ism1 & only a feeble survival ( ! old ?\ght l+]s on into civilization1 :]e f "t to "t a haunt$ h\se is left to fall 9 ru9s1 ab&on$ to a gho/ly t5ant :o _c keep x 9 repair4 ,b ev5 9 ! l[e/ culture we f9d fle% hold+ its own aga9/ _s1 & at high] /ages ! h\sehold] rids himself ) little scruple ( an unwelcome inmate4 ,! ,gre5l&]s w\ld c>ry ! dead out by ! w9d[1 n by ! door1 :ile an old woman1 wav+ a firebr& beh9d1 cri$ #8pikl]rukpok6' i4e41 #8!re is no?+ m to be _h "h6'2#fb ! ,hott5tots remov$ ! dead f ! hut by an op5+ brok5 out on purpose1 to prev5t him f f9d+ ! way back2#fc ! ,siamese1 ) ! same int5tion1 break an op5+ ?r\gh ! h\se wall to c>ry ! c(f9 ?r\gh1 & !n hurry x at full spe$ ?rice r\nd ! h\se2#fd 9 ,russia ! ,*uwa%es fl+ a r$-hot /one aft] ! corpse is c>ri$ out1 = an ob/acle to b> ! s\l f com+ back2#fe s ,br&5burg peasants p\r out a pail ( wat] at ! door aft] ! c(f91 to prev5t ! gho/ f walk+2 & ,pom]anian m\rn]s return+ f ! *ur*y>d leave beh9d ! /raw f ! he>se t ! w&]+ s\l may re/ !re1 & n come back s f> z home4#ff ,9 ! anci5t & m$ival _w1 m5 habitually invok$ sup]natural aid beyond su* mat]ial %ifts z ^!1 call+ 9 ! prie/ to lay or bani% intrud+ gho/s1 nor is ?is bran* ( ! exorci/'s art ev5 yet =gott54 ,!re is1 & always has be51 a preval5t feel+ t disembodi$ s\ls1 especially su* z h suff]$ a viol5t or untimely dea?1 are baneful & malici\s be+s4 ,z ,me9]s sugge/s 9 8 #8,hi/ory ( ,religions1' !y 7 driv5 unwill+ly f _! bodies1 & h c>ri$ into _! new exi/5ce an angry long+ = rev5ge4 ,no wond] t mank9d %\ld s g5]ally agree t if ! s\ls ( ! dead mu/ l+] 9 ! _w at all1 _! fitt+ abode %\ld be n ! haunts ( ! liv+ b ! re/+-places ( ! dead4 ,aft] all1 x sc>cely seems to ! l[] animi/ic philosophy t ! connexion betwe5 body & s\l is utt]ly brok5 by dea?4 ,v>i\s wants may keep ! s\l f its desir$ re/1 & among ! *ief ( ^! is :5 its mortal rema9s h n _h ! fun]al rites4 ,h5ce ! deep-ly+ belief t ! gho/s ( su* w walk4 ,among "s ,au/ralian tribes ! #8+na1' or evil spirits1 human 9 %ape1 b ) long tails & long upright e>s1 are mo/ly s\ls ( dep>t$ natives1 ^: bodies 7 left to lie unburi$ or ^: dea? ! av5g] ( blood did n expiate1 & ?us !y h to pr[l on ! face ( ! e>?1 & ab\t ! place ( dea?1 ) no gratification b to h>m ! liv+4#fg ,9 ,new ,zeal&1 ! ideas 7 to be f\nd t ! s\ls ( ! dead 7 apt to l+] ne> ! bodies1 & t ! spirits ( m5 left unburi$ or kill$ 9 battle & eat51 w\ld w&]2 & ! br++ su* malignant s\ls to dwell )9 ! sacr$ burial-enclosure 0 a task = ! prie/ to accompli% ) 8 *>ms4#fh ,among ! ,iroquois ( ,nor? ,am]ica ! _s also /ays ne> ! body = a "t1 & #8unless ! rites ( burial 7 p]=m$1 x 0 believ$ t ! spirits ( ! dead hov]$ = a "t ^u ! e>?1 9 a /ate ( great unhapp9ess4 ,h5ce _! extreme solicitude to procure ! bodies ( ! sla9 9 battle4'#fi ,among ,brazilian tribes1 ! w&]+ %ad[s ( ! dead are said to be consid]$ unre/+ till burial4#gj ,9 ,turanian regions ( ,nor? ,asia1 ! spirits ( ! dead :o h no re/+-place 9 e>? are ?\ght ( z l+]+ above gr\nd1 especially :]e _! du/ rema9s4#ga ,s\? ,asia has su* beliefs3 ! ,k>5s say t ! gho/s :o w&] on e>? are n ! spirits ( ^? :o g to ,plu1 ! l& ( ! dead1 b ( infants1 ( su* z di$ by viol5ce1 ( ! wick$1 & ( ^? :o by accid5t h n be5 buri$ or burn$2#gb ! ,siamese fe> z unk9dly spirits ! s\ls ( su* z di$ a viol5t dea? or 7 n buri$ ) ! prop] rites1 & :o desir+ expiation1 invisibly t]rify _! desc5dants4#gc ,n[h]e 9 ! _w _h su* ?\ghts a /rong] hold ?an 9 classic antiquity1 :]e x 0 ! mo/ sacr$ ( duties to give ! body its fun]al rites1 t ! %ade %\ld n flit moan+ ne> ! gates ( ,hades1 nor w&] 9 ! dismal cr[d along ! banks ( ,a*]on4#gd ,an ,au/ralian or a ,k>5 w\ld h tak5 9 ! full significance ( ! fatal accusation aga9/ ! ,a!nian comm&]s1 t !y ab&on$ ! bodies ( _! dead 9 ! sea-fight ( ,arg9\sai4 ,! ?\ght is n unkn[n to ,slavonic folk-lore3 #8,ha6 ) ! %riek ! _s flutt]s f ! m\?1 flies up to ! tree1 f tree to tree1 hi!r & ?i!r till ! dead is burn$4'#ge ,9 m$ival ,europe ! classic /ories ( gho/s t haunt ! liv+ till laid by rites ( burial pass "h & !re into new leg5ds1 :]e1 "u a *ang$ disp5sation1 ! doleful w&]] n[ asks ,*ri/ian burial 9 consecrat$ e>?4#gf ,x is ne$less to give "h elaborate details ( ! _w-wide ?\ght t :5 ! corpse is buri$1 expos$1 burn$1 or o!rwise dispos$ ( aft] ! accept$ cu/om ( ! l&1 ! gho/ accompanies its relics4 ,! s\l /ays ne> ! ,polynesian or ! ,am]ican ,indian burial-place2 x dwells among ! twigs & li/5s joyfully to ! s++ birds 9 ! trees :]e ,sib]ian tribes susp5d _! dead2 x l+]s by ! ,samoy$'s scaffold$ c(f92 x haunts ! ,dayak's place ( burial or burn+2 x inhabits ! little s\l-hut above ! ,malagasy grave1 or ! ,p]uvian h\se ( sun-dri$ bricks2 x is deposit$ 9 ! ,roman tomb 7animamque sepul*ro condimus72 x comes back = judgm5t into ! body ( ! lat] ,israelite & ! ,moslem2 x inhabits1 z a div9e ance/ral _s1 ! palace-tombs ( ! old classic & new ,asiatic _w2 x is kept d[n by ! huge cairn rais$ ov] ,ant>'s body le/ 8 mighty _s %\ld bur/ =?1 by ! iron nails ) :i* ! ,*]emiss secures ! corpse 9 its c(f91 by ! /ake t p9s d[n ! suicide's body at ! f\r-cross way4 ,& ?r\gh all ! *anges ( religi\s ?\ght f fir/ to la/ 9 ! c\rse ( human hi/ory1 ! hov]+ gho/s ( ! dead make ! midnight burial-gr\nd a place :]e m5's fle% creeps ) t]ror4 ,n to discuss "h ! g5]al subject ( fun]al rites ( mank9d1 ( :i* only "p ( ! multif>i\s details are directly relevant to ! pres5t purpose1 a cu/om may be select$ :i* is admirably adapt$ = ! /udy ( animi/ic religion1 at once f ! cle> conception x gives ( ! belief 9 disembodi$ s\ls pres5t among ! liv+1 & f ! di/9ct l9e ( e?nographic cont9uity 9 :i* x may be trac$ onw>d f ! l[] to ! high] culture4 ,?is is ! cu/om ( ,fea/s ( ! ,dead4 ,among ! fun]al (f]+s describ$ 9 ! la/ *apt] ( :i* ! purpose m or less di/9ctly appe>s to be t ! dep>t$ s\l %all take !m away 9 "s gho/ly or ideal mann]1 or t !y %all by "s means be convey$ to him 9 8 di/ant _s-home1 !re are giv5 supplies ( food & dr9k4 ,b ! fea/s ( ! dead ) :i* we are n[ conc]n$ are giv5 on a diff]5t pr9ciple2 !y are1 s to speak1 to be consum$ on ! premises4 ,!y are set out 9 "s prop] place1 especially ne> ! tombs or 9 ! dwell+-h\ses1 & !re ! s\ls ( ! dead come & satisfy !mselves4 ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 among ,algonqu9s :o held t "o ( a man's two s\ls abides ) ! body aft] dea?1 ! provisions br\ght to ! grave 7 int5d$ = ! n\ri%m5t ( ?is s\l2 tribes w\ld make (f]+s to ance/ors ( "p ( any da9ty food1 & an ,indian :o fell by accid5t into ! fire w\ld believe t ! spirits ( 8 ance/ors pu%$ him 9 = neglect+ to make due (f]+s4#gg ,! m9ds ( ! ,hurons 7 fill$ ) fancies n less lifelike ?an ?is4 ,x seem$ to !m t ! dead man's s\l1 9 8 prop] human figure1 walk$ 9 front ( ! corpse z !y c>ri$ x to ! burial-gr\nd1 !re to dwell till ! great fea/ ( ! dead2 b mean:ile x w\ld come & walk by night 9 ! village1 & eat ! remnants 9 ! kettles1 :]e=e "s w\ld n eat ( ^!1 nor t\* ! food at fun]al fea/s--?\gh "s inde$ w\ld eat all4#gh ,9 ,madagasc>1 ! elegant little upp] *amb] 9 ,k+ ,radama's mausoleum 0 furni%$ ) a table & two *airs1 & a bottle ( w9e1 a bottle ( wat]1 & two tumbl]s 7 plac$ !re con=mably ) ! ideas ent]ta9$ by mo/ ( ! natives1 t ! gho/ ( ! dep>t$ mon>* might occasionally visit ! re/+-place ( 8 body1 meet ) ! _s ( 8 fa!r1 & p>take ( :at he 0 kn[n to be fond ( 9 8 lifetime4#gi ,! ,wanika ( ,ea/ ,africa set a coco-nut %ell full ( rice & tembo ne> ! grave = ! #8koma' or %ade1 :i* _c exi/ )\t food & dr9k4#hj ,9 ,we/ ,africa ! ,efik cook food & leave x on ! table 9 ! little %$ or #8devil-h\se' ne> ! grave1 & ?i!r n only ! _s ( ! deceas$1 b ! spirits ( ! slaves sacrific$ at 8 fun]al1 come to p>take ( x4#ha ,f>!r s\?1 9 ! ,congo di/rict1 ! cu/om has be5 describ$ ( mak+ a *annel into ! tomb to ! head or m\? ( ! corpse1 :]eby to s5d d[n mon? by mon? ! (f]+s ( food & dr9k4#hb ,among rude ,asiatic tribes1 ! ,bodo ( ,nor?-,ea/ ,india ?us celebrate ! la/ fun]al rites4 ,! fri5ds repair to ! grave1 & ! ne>e/ ( k9 to ! deceas$1 tak+ an individual's usual portion ( food & dr9k1 solemnly pres5ts x to ! dead ) ^! words1 #8,take & eat1 h]et(ore y h eat5 & drunk ) u1 y c d s no m2 y 7 "o ( u1 y c be s no long]2 we come no m to y1 come y n to u4' ,!reupon ea* ( ! p>ty breaks (f a bracelet ( ?read put on 8 wri/ = ?is purpose1 & ca/s x on ! grave1 a speak+ symbol ( break+ ! bond ( fell[%ip1 & #8next ! p>ty proce$ to ! riv] & ba!1 & hav+ ?us lu/rat$ !mselves1 !y repair to ! banquet & eat1 dr9k1 & make m]ry z ?\gh !y nev] 7 to die4'#hc ,) m cont9uance ( affection1 ,naga tribes ( ,assam celebrate _! fun]al fea/s mon? by mon?1 lay+ food & dr9k on ! graves ( ! dep>t$4#hd ,9 ! same region ( ! _w1 ! ,kol tribes ( ,*ota ,nagpur are rem>kable = _! pa!tic rev]5ce = _! dead4 ,:5 a ,ho or ,munda has be5 burn$ on ! fun]al pile1 collect$ morsels ( 8 bones are c>ri$ 9 procession ) a solemn1 gho/ly1 slid+ /ep1 keep+ "t to ! deep-s\nd+ drum1 & :5 ! old woman :o c>ries ! bones on h] bamboo tray l[]s x f "t to "t1 !n girls :o c>ry pit*]s & brass vessels m\rnfully rev]se !m to %[ t !y are empty2 ?us ! rema9s are tak5 to visit e h\se 9 ! village1 & e dwell+ ( a fri5d or relative = miles1 & ! inmates come out to m\rn & praise ! goodness ( ! dep>t$2 ! bones are c>ri$ to all ! dead man's fav\rite haunts1 to ! fields he cultivat$1 to ! grove he plant$1 to ! ?re%+-floor :]e he work$1 to ! village dance-room :]e he made m]ry4 ,at la/ !y are tak5 to ! grave1 & buri$ 9 an e>!n vase ^u a /ore ( food1 cov]$ ) "o ( ^? huge /one slabs :i* ,european visitors wond] at 9 ! di/ricts ( ! aborig9es 9 ,india4 ,besides ^!1 monum5tal /ones are set up outside ! village to ! memory ( m5 ( note2 !y are fix$ on an e>!n pl9?1 :]e ! gho/1 re/+ 9 its walks among ! liv+1 is suppos$ to sit %ad$ by ! pill>4 ,! ,kh]iahs h collections ( ^! monum5ts 9 ! little enclosures r\nd _! h\ses1 & (f]+s & libations are con/antly made at !m4 ,) :at feel+s su* rites are celebrat$ may be judg$ f ?is ,ho dirge3-- #8,we nev] scold$ y2 nev] wrong$ y2 ,come to u back6 ,we ev] lov$ & *]i%$ y2 & h liv$ long toge!r ,"u ! same ro(2 ,des]t x n n[6 ,! ra9y nights1 & ! cold bl[+ days1 are com+ on2 ,d n w&] "h6 ,d n /& by ! burnt a%es2 come to u aga96 ,y _c f9d %elt] "u ! peepul1 :5 ! ra9 comes d[n4 ,! saul w n %ield y f ! cold bitt] w9d4 ,come to y\r home6 ,x is swept = y1 & clean2 & we are !re :o lov$ y ev]2 ,& !re is rice put = y2 & wat]2 ,come home1 come home1 come to u aga96' ,among ! ,kol tribes ?is k9dly hospitality to ance/ral s\ls passes on into ! belief & c]emony ( full manes-wor%ip3 votive (f]+s are made to ! #8old folks' :5 _! desc5dants g on a j\rney1 & :5 !re is sickness 9 ! family x is g5]ally !y :o are fir/ propitiat$4#he ,among ,turanian races1 ! ,*uwa% put food & napk9s on ! grave1 say+1 #8,rise at night & eat y\r fill1 & !re ye h napk9s to wipe y\r m\?s6' :ile ! ,*]emiss simply said1 #8,t is = y1 ye dead1 !re ye h food & dr9k6' ,9 ?is ,tat> region we he> ( (f]+s cont9u$ ye> aft] ye>1 & ev5 ( mess5g]s s5t back by a horde to c>ry (f]+s to ! tombs ( _! =efa!rs 9 ! old l& :5ce !y _h emigrat$4#hf ,details ( ?is anci5t rite are to be trac$ f ! level ( ^! rude races f> upw>d 9 civilization4 ,s\?-,ea/ ,asia is full ( x1 & ! ,*9ese may /& z its repres5tative4 ,he keeps 8 c(f9$ p>5t = ye>s1 s]v+ him ) meals z if alive4 ,he summons ance/ral s\ls ) pray] & beat ( drum to fe$ on ! meat & dr9k set out on special days :5 !y are ?\ght to return home4 ,he ev5 gives ent]ta9m5ts = ! b5efit ( de/itute & un=tunate s\ls 9 ! l[] regions1 su* z ^? ( lep]s & begg>s4 ,lant]ns are light$ to %[ !m ! way1 a fea/ is spread = !m1 & ) *>act]i/ic fancy1 "s victuals are left ov] = any bl9d or feeble spirits :o may be late1 & a pail ( gruel is provid$ = headless s\ls1 ) spoons = !m to put x d[n _! ?roats )4 ,su* proce$+s culm9ate 9 ! s-call$ ,univ]sal ,rescue1 n[ & !n celebrat$1 :5 a little h\se is built = ! expect$ visitors1 ) sep>ate accommodation & ba?-rooms = male & female gho/s4#hg ,! anci5t ,egyptian w\ld set out 8 provision ( cakes & truss$ ducks on re$ scaffolds 9 ! tomb1 or w\ld ev5 keep ! mummy 9 ! h\se to be pres5t z a gue/ at ! fea/1 1 z ,lucian says4#hh ,! ,h9du1 z ( old1 (f]s to ! dead ! fun]al cakes1 places be=e ! door ! e>!n vessels ( wat] = him to ba! 91 ( milk = him to dr9k1 & celebrates at new & full moon ! solemn pres5tation ( rice-cakes made ) ghee1 ) its att5dant c]emonies s important = ! s\l's release f its twelvemon?'s soj\rn ) ,yama 9 ,hades1 & its transition to ! ,heav5 ( ! ,pit>as1 ! ,fa!rs4#hi ,9 ! classic _w su* rites 7 repres5t$ by fun]al fea/s & oblations ( food4#ij ,9 ,*ri/ian times !re manife/s itself t int]e/+ k9d ( survival :i*1 keep+ up ! old c]emony 9 =m1 has adapt$ its motive to new ?\ghts & feel+s4 ,! classic fun]al oblations became ,*ri/ian1 ! silic]nium 0 succe$$ by ! fea/ held at ! m>tyr's tomb4 ,fau/us inveighs aga9/ ! ,*ri/ians = c>ry+ on ! anci5t rites3 #8,_! sacrifices inde$ ye h turn$ into love-fea/s1 _! idols into m>tyrs :om ) l v[s ye wor%ip2 ye appease ! %ades ( ! dead ) w9e & meals1 ye celebrate ! ,g5tiles' solemn days ) !m1 su* z cal5ds & sol/ices1--( _! life c]ta9ly ye h *ang$ n\ght1'#ia & s =?4 ,! /ory ( ,monica %[s h[ ! cu/om ( lay+ food on ! tomb = ! manes pass$ into ! c]emony1 l to x 9 =m1 ( sett+ food & dr9k to be sanctifi$ by ! sepul*re ( a ,*ri/ian sa9t4 ,sa9t-,foix1 :o wrote 9 ! "t ( ,l\is ,,xiv41 has left u an acc\nt ( ! c]emonial aft] ! dea? ( a ,k+ ( ,france1 dur+ ! =ty days be=e ! fun]al :5 8 wax effigy lay 9 /ate4 ,!y cont9u$ to s]ve him at meal-times z ?\gh /ill alive1 ! (fic]s laid ! table1 & br\ght ! di%es1 ! matre d'htel h&$ ! napk9 to ! highe/ "l pres5t to be pres5t$ to ! k+1 a prelate bless$ ! table1 ! bas9s ( wat] 7 h&$ to ! royal arm-*air1 ! cup 0 s]v$ 9 its due c\rse1 & grace 0 said 9 ! accu/om$ mann]1 save t !re 0 add$ to x ! ,de ,pr(undis4#ib ,spani>ds /ill (f] bread & w9e on ! tombs ( ^? !y love1 on ! anniv]s>y ( _! decease4#ic ,! cons]vative ,ea/]n ,*ur* /ill holds to anci5t rite4 ,! fun]al fea/ is s]v$ 9 ,russia1 ) its tables = ! begg>s1 lad5 ) fi% pa/ies & b[ls ( %*i & jugs ( kvas1 its m delicate d9n] = fri5ds & prie/s1 its inc5se & *ants ( #8ev]la/+ remembrance'2 & ev5 ! repetition ( ! fe/ival on ! n9?1 & tw5tie?1 & =tie? day are n =gott54 ,! (f]+s ( sauc]s ( kutiya or kolyvo are /ill made 9 ! *ur*2 ?is us$ to be ( p>boil$ :eat & 0 deposit$ ov] ! body1 x is n[ made ( boil$ rice & rais9s1 sweet5$ ) honey4 ,9 _! usual my/ic fa%ion1 ! ,or?odox ,*ri/ians n[ expla9 away into symbolism ?is remnant ( primitive (f]+ to ! dead3 ! honey is heav5ly sweetness1 ! %rivell$ rais9s w be full beaute\s grapes1 ! gra9 typifies ! resurrection1 #8t :i* ?\ s[e/ is n quick5$ except x die4'#id ,9 ! cal5d> ( _m a p1 diff]+ widely z !y may 9 race & civilization1 !re are to be f\nd special ye>ly fe/ivals ( ! dead4 ,_! rites are mu* ! same z ^? p]=m$ on o!r days = individuals2 _! season diff]s 9 diff]5t di/ricts1 b seems to h p>ticul> associations ) h>ve/-"t & ! fall ( ! ye>1 & ) ! ye>'s end z reckon$ at midw9t] or 9 e>ly spr+4#ie ,! ,k>5s make _! annual (f]+s to ! dead 9 ! #8mon? ( %ades1' t is1 ,decemb]2#if ! ,koc* ( ,nor? ,b5gal e ye> at h>ve/-home (f] fruits & a f[l to deceas$ p>5ts2#ig ! ,b>ea ( ,ea/ ,africa celebrate 9 ,novemb] ! fea/ ( ,?iyot1 at once a fea/ ( g5]al peace & m]ry-mak+1 ( ?anksgiv+ = ! h>ve/1 & ( memorial = ! deceas$1 = ea* ( :om a little pot-full ( be] is set out two days1 to be drunk at la/ by ! survivors2#ih 9 ,we/ ,africa we he> ( ! fea/ ( ! dead at ! "t ( yam-h>ve/2#ii at ! end ( ! ye> ! ,haitian negroes take food to ! graves = ! %ades to eat1 #8mang] zombi1' z !y say4#ajj ,! ,roman ,f]alia & ,lemuralia 7 held 9 ,febru>y & ,may4#aja ,9 ! la/ five or t5 days ( _! ye> ! ,zoroa/rians hold _! fea/s = dep>t$ relatives1 :5 s\ls come back to ! _w to visit ! liv+1 & receive f !m (f]+s ( food & clo?+4#ajb ,! cu/om ( sett+ empty seats at ! ,/4 ,john's ,eve fea/1 = ! dep>t$ s\ls ( k9sfolk1 is said to h la/$ on 9 ,europe to ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,spr+ is ! season ( ! "t-hon\r$ ,slavonic rite ( lay+ food on ! graves ( ! dead4 ,! ,bulg>ians hold a fea/ 9 ! cemet]y on ,palm ,sunday1 &1 aft] mu* eat+ & dr9k+1 leave ! rema9s ^u ! graves ( _! fri5ds1 :o1 !y are p]suad$1 w eat !m dur+ ! night4 ,9 ,russia su* sc5es may /ill be wat*$ on ! two appo9t$ days call$ ,p>5ts' ,days4 ,! high] classes h let ! rite s9k to pray] at ! graves ( lo/ relatives1 & giv+ alms to ! begg>s :o flock to ! cemet]ies4 ,b ! p /ill #8h[l' = ! dead1 & set out on _! graves a h&k]*ief = a tableclo?1 ) g+]bread1 eggs1 curd-t>ts1 & ev5 vodka1 on x2 :5 ! weep+ is ov]1 !y eat up ! food1 especially commemorat+ ! dead 9 ,russian mann] by p>tak+ ( 8 fav\rite da9ty1 & if he 7 fond ( a glass1 ! vodka is sipp$ ) ! ejaculation1 #8,! ,k+dom ( ,heav5 be 86 ,he lov$ a dr9k1 ! deceas$6'#ajc ,:5 ,odilo1 ,abbot ( ,cluny1 at ! end ( ! t5? c5tury1 in/itut$ ! celebration ( ,all ,s\ls' ,day 7,novemb] #b71ajd he set on foot "o ( ^? revivals :i* h s (t5 giv5 ! pa/ a new lease ( life4 ,! ,we/]n ,*ur* at l>ge took up ! practice1 & r\nd x !re naturally ga!r$ surviv+ remnants ( ! primitive rite ( banquets to ! dead4 ,! accusation aga9/ ! e>ly ,*ri/ians1 t !y appeas$ ! %ades ( ! dead ) fea/s l ! ,g5tiles1 w\ld n be beside ! m>k n[1 fifte5 hundr$ ye>s lat]4 ,on ! eve ( ,all ,s\ls' beg9s1 )9 ! limits ( ,*ri/5dom1 a commemoration ( ! dead :i* comb9es "s t\*es ( pa!tic imag9ation ) relics ( savage animism sc>cely to be surpass$ 9 ,africa or ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&s4 ,9 ,italy ! day is giv5 to fea/+ & dr9k+ 9 hon\r ( ! dead1 :ile skulls & skeletons 9 sug> & pa/e =m appropriate *ildr5's toys4 ,9 ,tyrol1 ! poor s\ls releas$ f purgatory fire = ! night may come & sme> _! burns ) ! melt$ fat ( ! #8s\l light' on ! he>?1 or cakes are left = !m on ! table1 & ! room is kept w>m = _! com=t4 ,ev5 9 ,p>is ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ come to p>take ( ! food ( ! liv+4 ,9 ,brittany ! cr[d p\rs into ! *ur*y>d at ev5+1 to kneel b>ehead$ at ! graves ( dead k9sfolk1 to fill ! holl[ ( ! tomb/one ) holy wat]1 or to p\r libations ( milk ^u x4 ,all night ! *ur* bells clang1 & sometimes a solemn procession ( ! cl]gy goes r\nd to bless ! graves4 ,9 no h\sehold t night is ! clo? remov$1 = ! supp] mu/ be left = ! s\ls to come & take _! "p1 nor mu/ ! fire be put out1 :]e !y w come to w>m !mselves4 ,& at la/1 z ! inmates retire to re/1 !re is he>d at ! door a doleful *ant--x is ! s\ls1 :o1 borr[+ ! voices ( ! p>i% poor1 h come to ask ! pray]s ( ! liv+4#aje ,if we ask h[ ! spirits ( ! dead are 9 g5]al suppos$ to fe$ on ! vi&s set be=e !m1 we come ^u difficult que/ions1 :i* w be met ) aga9 9 discuss+ ! !ory ( sacrifice4 ,ev5 :]e ! ?\ght is c]ta9ly t ! dep>t$ s\l eats1 ?is ?\ght may be v indef9ite1 ) f> less ( practical int5tion 9 x ?an ( *ildi% make-believe4 ,n[ & !n1 h[ev]1 ! sacrific]s !mselves (f] clos] def9itions ( _! mean+4 ,! idea ( ! gho/ actually dev\r+ ! mat]ial food is n unexampl$4 ,?us1 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ,algonqu9 ,indians consid]$ t ! %ad[-l s\ls ( ! dead c /ill eat & dr9k1 (t5 ev5 tell+ ,fa!r ,le ,jeune t !y _h f\nd 9 ! morn+ meat gnaw$ 9 ! night by ! s\ls4 ,m rec5tly1 we read t "s ,potawatomis w leave (f provid+ ! supply ( food at ! grave if x lies long unt\*$1 x be+ conclud$ t ! dead no long] wants x1 b has f\nd a ri* hunt+-gr\nd 9 ! o!r _w4#ajf ,9 ,africa1 aga91 ,fa!r ,cavazzi records ( ! ,congo p furni%+ _! dead ) supplies ( provisions1 t !y c\ld n be p]suad$ t s\ls did n consume mat]ial food4#ajg ,9 ,europe ! ,e/hs1 (f]+ food = ! dead on ,all ,s\ls'1 are said to h rejoic$ if !y f\nd 9 ! morn+ t any ( x 0 gone4#ajh ,a less gross conception is t ! s\l consumes ! /eam or sav\r ( ! food1 or its ess5ce or _s4 ,x is said to h be5 ) su* purpose t ! ,maoris plac$ food by ! dead man's side1 & "s also ) him 9 ! grave4#aji ,! idea is well display$ among ! natives 9 ,mexican di/ricts1 :]e ! s\ls :o came to ! annual fea/ are describ$ z hov]+ ov] & smell+ ! food set out = !m1 or suck+ out its nutritive quality4#aaj ,! ,h9du entreats ! manes to quaff ! sweet ess5ce ( ! (f]$ food2 ?9k+ on !m1 he sl[ly sets ! di% ( rice be=e ! ,brahmans1 & :ile !y sil5tly eat ! hot food1 ! ance/ral spirits take _! "p ( ! fea/4#aaa ,at ! old ,slavonic meals = ! dead1 we read ( ! survivors sitt+ 9 sil5ce & ?r[+ morsels "u ! table1 fancy+ t !y c\ld he> ! spirits ru/le1 & see !m fe$ on ! smell & /eam ( ! vi&s4 ,"o acc\nt describes ! m\rn]s at ! fun]al banquet invit+ 9 ! dep>t$ s\l ?\ght to be /&+ outside ! door1 & e gue/ ?r[+ morsels & p\r+ dr9k "u ! table1 = him to refre% himself4 ,:at lay on ! gr\nd 0 n pick$ up1 b 0 left = fri5dless & k9less s\ls4 ,:5 ! meal 0 ov]1 ! prie/ rose f table1 swept out ! h\se1 & hunt$ out ! s\ls ( ! dead #8l fleas1' ) ^! words1 #8,ye h eat5 & drunk51 s\ls1 n[ g1 n[ g6'#aab ,_m travell]s h describ$ ! imag9ation ) :i* ! ,*9ese make su* (f]+s4 ,x is t ! spirits ( ! dead consume ! impalpable ess5ce ( ! food1 leav+ beh9d its co>se mat]ial sub/ance1 :]e=e ! dutiful sacrific]s1 hav+ set out sumptu\s fea/s = ance/ral s\ls1 all[ !m a prop] "t to satisfy _! appetite1 & !n fall to !mselves4#aac ,! ,jesuit ,fa!r ,*ri/(oro ,borri sugge/ively translates ! native idea into 8 own s*ola/ic phraseology4 ,9 ,co*9 ,*9a1 accord+ to him1 p believ$ #8t ! s\ls ( ! dead h ne$ ( corporeal su/5ance & ma9t5ance1 :]e=e sev]al times a ye>1 accord+ to _! cu/om1 !y make spl5did & sumptu\s banquets1 *ildr5 to _! deceas$ p>5ts1 husb&s to _! wives1 fri5ds to _! fri5ds1 wait+ a long :ile = ! dead gue/ to come & sit d[n at table to eat4' ,! mission>ies argu$ aga9/ ?is proce$+1 b 7 met by ridicule ( _! ignorance1 & ! reply #8t !re 7 two ?+s 9 ! food1 "o ! sub/ance1 & ! o!r ! accid5ts ( quantity1 quality1 smell1 ta/e1 & ! l4 ,! immat]ial s\ls ( ! dead1 tak+ = !mselves ! sub/ance ( ! food1 :i* be+ immat]ial is food suit$ to ! incorporeal s\l1 left only 9 ! di%es ! accid5ts :i* corporeal s5ses p]ceive2 = ?is ! dead _h no ne$ ( corporeal in/rum5ts1 z we h said4' ,!reupon ! ,jesuit proce$s to rem>k1 z to ! prospect ( conv]sion ( ^! p1 #8x may be judg$ f ! di/9ction !y make betwe5 ! accid5ts & ! sub/ance ( ! food :i* !y prep>e = ! dead1' t x w n be v difficult to prove to !m ! my/]y ( ! ,eu*>i/4#aad ,n[ to peoples among :om prevails ! rite ( fea/s ( ! dead1 :e!r !y (f] ! food 9 m]e symbolic pret5ce1 or :e!r !y consid] ! s\ls really to fe$ on x 9 ?is spiritual way 7z well z 9 ! cases inextricably mix$ up ) ^!1 :]e ! (f]+ is spiritually convey$ away to ! _w ( spirits71 x c be ( little consequ5ce :at becomes ( ! gross mat]ial food4 ,:5 ! ,kafir sorc]]1 9 cases ( sickness1 decl>es t ! %ades ( ance/ors dem& a p>ticul> c[1 ! bea/ is slaught]$ & left %ut up = a "t = ! %ades to eat1 or = its _s to g to ! l& ( %ades1 & !n is tak5 out to be eat5 by ! sacrific]s4#aae ,s1 9 m civiliz$ ,japan1 :5 ! survivors h plac$ _! (f]+ ( unboil$ rice & wat] 9 a holl[ made = ! purpose 9 a /one ( ! tomb1 x seems to !m no matt] t ! poor or ! birds really c>ry (f ! gra94#aaf ,su* rites z ^! are especially expos$ to dw9dle 9 survival4 ,! (f]+s ( meals & fea/s to ! dead may be trac$ at _! la/ /age into m]e traditional c]emonies1 at mo/ tok5s ( affectionate remembrance ( ! dead1 or works ( *>ity to ! liv+4 ,! ,roman ,f]alia 9 ,ovid's "t 7 a /rik+ example ( su* transition1 = :ile ! idea 0 recogniz$ t ! gho/s f$ ^u ! (f]+s1 #8nunc posito pascitur umbra cibo1' yet !re 7 b #8p>va mun]a1' fruits & gra9s ( salt1 & corn soak$ 9 w9e1 set out = _! meal 9 ! middle ( ! road4 #8,little ! manes ask1 ! pi\s ?\ght /&s in/ead ( ! ri* gift1 = ,/yx holds no gre$y gods3'-- #8,p>va petunt manes4 ,pietas pro divite grata e/ ,mun]e4 ,non avidos ,/yx habet ima deos4 ,tegula porrectis satis e/ velata coronis1 ,et sp>sae fruges1 p>caque mica salis1 ,inque m]o mollita c]es1 violaeque solutae3 ,haec habeat m$ia te/a relicta via4 ,nec majora veto4 ,s$ et 8 placabilis umbra e/4'#aag ,/ill f>!r back1 9 old ,*9ese hi/ory1 ,confucius _h be5 call$ on to give an op9ion z to ! sacrifices to ! dead4 ,ma9ta9] ( all anci5t rites z he 01 he /r+5tly kept up ?is1 #8he sacrific$ to ! dead z if !y 7 pres5t1' b :5 he 0 ask$ if ! dead _h k ( :at 0 done or no1 he decl9$ to answ] ! "q2 = if he repli$ yes1 !n dutiful desc5dants w\ld injure _! sub/ance by sacrifices1 & if no1 !n undutiful *ildr5 w\ld leave _! p>5ts unburi$4 ,! evasion 0 *>act]i/ic ( ! tea*] :o express$ 8 !ory ( wor%ip 9 ?is maxim1 #8to give oneself e>ne/ly to ! duties due to m51 &1 :ile respect+ spiritual be+s1 to keep alo( f !m1 may be call$ wisdom4' ,x is said t 9 our own "t ! ,taep+s h made a /ep beyond ,confucius2 !y h =bidd5 ! sacrifices to ! spirits ( ! dead1 yet keep up ! rite ( visit+ _! tombs on ! cu/om>y day1 = pray] & ! r5ewal ( v[s4#aah ,h[ fun]al (f]+s may pass into commemorative banquets & fea/s to ! poor1 has be5 %[n already4 ,if we seek 9 ,engl& = ve/iges ( ! old rite ( fun]al sacrifice1 we may f9d a l+]+ survival into mod]n c5turies1 doles ( bread & dr9k giv5 to ! poor at fun]als1 & #8s\l-mass cakes' :i* peasant girls p]haps to ?is day beg = at f>mh\ses ) ! traditional =mula1 #8,s\l1 s\l1 = a s\l cake1 ,pray y1 mi/ress1 a s\l cake4'#aai ,7 x n = our k ( ! int]m$iate /ages ?r\gh :i* ^! fragm5ts ( old cu/om h come d[n1 x w\ld seem f>-fet*$ inde$ to trace _! orig9 back to ! savage & b>b>ic times ( ! in/itution ( fea/s ( dep>t$ s\ls4 ,footnote #a3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4 dans la ,n\velle ,france1' #afcf1 p4 #acj2 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 vi4 p4 #ge4 ,see ,br9ton1 p4 #bec4 ,footnote #b3 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aie1 see p4 #bac4 ,morse1 #8,report on ,indian ,affairs1' p4 #cde4 ,footnote #c3 ,mayne1 #8,briti% ,columbia1' p4 #aha4 ,footnote #d3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' pp4 #bdh1 #beh1 see p4 #bab4 ,see also ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #cec2 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gic4 ,footnote #e3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #bh4 ,footnote #f3 ,ba/ian1 #8,zur v]gl4 ,psy*ologie1' 9 ,laz>us & ,/e9?al's #8,zeits*rift1' vol4 v4 p4 #afj1 c41 also ,papuas & o!r races4 ,footnote #g3 ,burton1 #8,w4 ,w4 fr4 ,w4 ,afr4' p4 #cgf4 ,footnote #h3 ,krapf1 #8,e4 ,afr4' p4 #bja4 ,footnote #i3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #baj2 see also ,r4 ,cl>ke1 #8,si]ra ,leone1' p4 #aei4 ,footnote #aj3 ,ba/ian1 l4 c4 ,footnote #aa3 ,macph]son1 p4 #gb2 also ,tickell 9 #8,j\rn4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,b5gal1' vol4 ix4 pp4 #gic1 c42 ,dalton 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #bb 7simil> rite ( ,mundas & ,oraons74 ,footnote #ab3 ,klemm1 #8,c4 ,g4' vol4 iii4 p4 #gg2 ,k4 ,leems1 #8,lapp]1' c4 xiv4 ,footnote #ac3 ,r4 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #bhd2 see ,%ortl&1 #8,traditions1' p4 #ade2 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #cec2 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bgi2 see also p4 #bgf 7,samoy$s74 ,comp>e ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 v4 p4 #dbf2 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #cec2 ,kra*59nik[1 ii4 #aag4 ,see ,pla?1 #8,rel4 d] alt5 ,*9es51' ii4 p4 #ih4 ,footnote #ad3 ,grey1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 i4 p4 #cja1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cfc 7native's accusation aga9/ "s =eign sailors :o _h assault$ him1 #8djanga ,taal-wurt kyle-gut bomb-gur1'--#8"o ( ! dead /ruck ,taal-wurt "u ! e>1' c4 ,! ^w djanga ! dead1 ! spirits ( deceas$ p]sons 7see ,grey1 #8,vocab4 ( ,s4 ,w4 ,au/ralia'71 _h come to be ! usual t]m = a ,european74 ,lang1 #8,que5sl&1' pp4 #cd1 #ccf2 ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' p4 #ahc2 ,s*]z]1 #8,voy4 ( ,nov>a1' vol4 iii4 p4 #cd2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #bbb1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 iii4 pp4 #cfb-c1 & 9 ,laz>us & ,/e9?al's #8,zeits*rift1' l4 c42 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #dbd4 ,footnote #ae3 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #he2 ,brun-,rollet1 #8,nil ,blanc1' c4 p4 #bcd4 ,footnote #af3 ,sproat1 #8,savage ,life1' *4 xviii41 xix41 xxi4 ,s\ls ( ! dead appe> 9 dreams1 ei!r 9 human or animal =ms1 p4 #agd4 ,see also ,br9ton1 p4 #ade4 ,footnote #ag3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iii4 p4 #aac4 ,footnote #ah3 ,hayes1 #8,arctic ,boat ,j\rney1' p4 #aih4 ,footnote #ai3 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #ajb4 ,footnote #bj3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcf1 p4 #ajd4 ,footnote #ba3 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #agd4 ,footnote #bb3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 p4 #e4 ,footnote #bc3 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #fjb2 ,m>kham 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #aie4 ,footnote #bd3 ,dobrizh(f]1 #8,abipones1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #gd1 #bgj4 ,footnote #be3 ,coreal 9 ,br9ton1 l4 c4 ,see also ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #aci 7,nat*ez71 #bbc 7,c>ibs71 #djb 7,p]u74 ,footnote #bf3 ,*om 9 #8,lettres ,edif4' vol4 viii42 see also ,m>tius1 vol4 i4 p4 #ddf4 ,footnote #bg3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dai 7,m>avi74 ,footnote #bh3 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #aif1 c42 ,arb\sset & ,daumas1 p4 #bcg4 ,footnote #bi3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #baj1 #bah4 ,see also ,brun-,rollet1 pp4 #bjj1 #bcd2 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #baa4 ,footnote #cj3 ,/e9haus] 9 #8,mag4 d] ,evang4 ,miss4' ,basel1 #ahef1 ,no4 #b1 p4 #ace4 ,footnote #ca3 ,manu1 xi4 xii4 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 i4 p4 #afd1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #bae1 #cdg-eb4 ,footnote #cb3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #aha2 ,p]ela]1 #8,e?nog4 ,bes*r4 d] ,dajaks1' p4 #ag4 ,footnote #cc3 ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal1' p4 #baj4 ,see also ,%aw 9 #8,z4 ,res4' vol4 iv4 p4 #df 7,rajmahal tribes74 ,footnote #cd3 ,abraham ,rog]1 #8,la ,porte ,ouv]te1' ,am/4 #afgj1 p4 #ajg4 ,footnote #ce3 ,manu1 xii4 #i3 #8arrajaih k>mmado%aih yti /hv>atm n>ah'--#8= crimes done 9 ! body1 ! man goes to ! in]t 7motionless7 /ate2' xii4 #db1 #8/hv>h krimakt*a matsyh s>ph saka*haph paava*a mrigas*aiva jaghany tmas gatih'--#8in]t 7motionless7 ?+s1 worms & insects1 fi%1 s]p5ts1 tortoises & bea/s & de] also are ! la/ d>k =m4' ,footnote #cf3 ,kpp51 #8,religion des ,buddha1' vol4 i4 pp4 #ce1 #bhi1 c41 #cah2 ,b>?lemy ,sa9t-,hilaire1 #8,le ,b\ddha et sa ,religion1' p4 #abb2 ,h>dy1 #8,manual ( ,budhism1' pp4 #ih1 c41 #ahj1 #cah1 #dde1 c4 ,footnote #cg3 ,h]od4 ii4 #abc1 see ,rawl9son's ,tr42 ,plut>*4 ,de ,iside #ca1 #gb2 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg4' vol4 ii4 *4 xvi4 ,footnote #ch3 ,plat4 ,phd1 ,timu1 ,phdrus1 ,repub42 ,diog4 ,la]t4 ,emp$okles xii42 ,p9d>4 ,olymp4 ii4 anti/r4 #d2 ,ovid4 ,metam4 xv4 #afj2 ,lucian4 ,somn4 #ag1 c4 ,philo/r4 ,vit4 ,apollon4 ,tyan4 ,see also ,mey]'s ,conv]sations-,lexicon1 art4 #8,seel5w&]ung4' ,= re-bir? 9 old ,sc&9avia1 see ,helgakvidha1 iii41 9 #8,edda4' ,footnote #ci3 ,eis5m5g]1 "p ii4 p4 #bc1 c4 ,footnote #dj3 ,beausobre1 #8,hi/4 de ,mani*e1' c41 vol4 i4 pp4 #bde-f1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #dif-i2 ,g4 ,flgel1 #8,mani4' ,see ,augu/94 ,contra ,fau/42 ,de ,hres42 ,de ,quantitate ,anim4 ,footnote #da3 ,gul4 de ,rubruquis 9 #8,rec4 des ,voy4 ,soc4 de ,gographie de ,p>is1' vol4 iv4 p4 #cef4 ,b5jam9 ( ,tudela1 ed4 & tr4 by ,a%]1 ,hebrew #bb1 ,eng4 p4 #fb4 ,niebuhr1 #8,reisebes*r4 na* ,arabi51' c41 vol4 ii4 pp4 #dch-ddc2 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gif4 ,footnote #db3 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #eg4 ,comp>e ! t5ets ( ! ,russian sect ( ,dukhobortzi1 9 ,hax?aus51 #8,russian ,empire1' vol4 i4 p4 #bhh1 c4 ,footnote #dc3 ,s9ce ! fir/ publication ( ! above rem>k1 ,m4 ,l\is ,figui] has suppli$ a p]fect mod]n in/ance by 8 book1 entitl$ #8,le ,l5dema9 de la ,mort1' translat$ into ,engli% z #8,! ,day aft] ,dea?3 ,our ,future ,life accord+ to ,sci5ce4' ,8 attempt to revive ! anci5t belief1 & to connect x ) ! evolution-!ory ( mod]n naturali/s1 is c>ri$ out ) m ?an ,buddhi/ elaborat5ess4 ,body is ! habitat ( s\l1 :i* goes out :5 a man dies1 z "o =sakes a burn+ h\se4 ,9 ! c\rse ( developm5t1 a s\l may migrate ?r\gh bodies /age aft] /age1 zoophyte & oy/]1 gras%opp] & eagle1 crocodile & dog1 till x arrives at man1 !nce asc5d+ to become "o ( ! sup]human be+s or angels :o dwell 9 ! planet>y e!r1 & !nce to a /ill high] /ate1 ! secret ( ^: nature ,m4 ,figui] does n endeav\r to p5etrate1 #8because our means ( inve/igation fail at ?is po9t4' ,! ultimate de/9y ( ! m glorifi$ be+ is ! ,sun2 ! pure spirits :o =m its mass ( burn+ gases1 p\r out g]ms & life to />t ! c\rse ( planet>y exi/5ce4 7,note to #bnd edition47 ,footnote #dd3 ,sw$5borg1 #8,! ,true ,*ri/ian ,religion1' #ac4 ,comp>e ! notion attribut$ to ! foll[]s ( ,basilides ! ,gno/ic1 ( m5 ^: s\ls are affect$ by spirits or dispositions z ( wolf1 ape1 lion1 or be>1 :]e=e _! s\ls be> ! prop]ties ( ^!1 & imitate _! de$s 7,clem4 ,alex4 ,/romat4 ii4 c4 #bj74 ,footnote #de3 ,see ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' p4 #bjh 7,c>ibs72 b comp>e ,ro*e=t1 p4 #dbi4 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bfi1 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9nis*e ,my?ologie1' p4 #aai4 ,footnote #df3 ,= ,egyptian evid5ce see ! fun]al papyri & translations ( ! #8,book ( ! ,dead4' ,comp>e ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #bed1 c4 ,footnote #dg3 ,aryan evid5ce 9 #8,rig-,v$a1' x4 #ad1 #h2 xi4 #a1 #h2 ,manu1 xii4 #af-bb2 ,max ,mll]1 #8,todt5be/attung1' pp4 xii4 xiv42 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 p4 #dg2 ,muir 9 #8,j\rn4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,b5gal1' vol4 i4 #ahfe1 p4 #cjf2 ,spiegel1 #8,ave/a'2 ,haug1 #8,essays on ! ,p>sis4' ,footnote #dh3 ,orig51 ,de ,pr9cip4 ii4 #c1 #b3 #8mat]i corporalis1 cujus mat]i anima usum semp] habet1 9 qualibet qualitate posit1 nunc quidem c>nali1 po/modum v]o subtiliori et puriori1 qu spiritalis appellatur4' ,footnote #di3 ,burton1 #8,c5tral ,africa1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cde4 ,footnote #ej3 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #hd4 ,footnote #ea3 ,kaufmann1 #8,s*ild]ung5 aus ,c5tralafrika1' p4 #abd2 ,g4 ,lejean 9 #8,rev4 des ,deux ,mondes1' ,apr4 #a1 #ahfj1 p4 #gfj2 see ,brun-,rollet1 #8,nil ,blanc1' pp4 #ajj1 #bcd4 ,a dialogue by ! mission>y ,beltrame 7#ahei-fj71 9 ,mitt]utzn]1 #8,d9ka-,spra*e1' p4 #eg1 ascribes to ! ,d9kas ideas ( heav5 & hell1 :i*1 h[ev]1 %[ ,*ri/ian influ5ce4 ,footnote #eb3 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #acf2 ,john ,smi?1 #8,descr4 ( ,virg9ia1' #cc2 ,ovi$o1 #8,nic>agua1' p4 #ej4 ,! ref]5ce to ! ,laos 9 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gfj1 is wor?less4 ,footnote #ec3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bei4 ,footnote #ed3 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bdd4 ,see #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iii4 p4 #aac 7,dayaks74 ,comp>e wa/+ & dea? ( s\ls 9 dep?s ( ,hades1 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #bcb4 ,footnote #ee3 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #dja4 ,see also ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aia 7,w4 ,afr472 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #cee4 ,footnote #ef3 ,cavazzi1 #8,congo1 ,matamba1 et ,angola1' lib4 i4 p4 #bgj4 ,see also ,liebre*t 9 #8,zeits*r4 fr ,e?nologie1' vol4 v4 p4 #if 7,t>t>y1 ,sc&9avia1 ,greece74 ,footnote #eg3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #caj2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' pp4 #aaa1 #aic2 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #bce4 ,footnote #eh3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cbc4 ,footnote #ei3 ,kolb51 p4 #egi4 ,footnote #fj3 ,bill+s1 p4 #abe4 ,footnote #fa3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi54' vol4 i4 p4 #ade2 ,cross1 l4c41 p4 #caa4 ,= o!r cases ( des]tion ( dwell+s aft] a dea?1 possibly = ! same motive1 see ,b\ri51 #8,tribes ( ,malay ,p54' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #hb2 ,polack1 #8,m4 ( ,new ,zeal&]s1' vol4 i4 pp4 #bjd1 #baf2 ,/eil]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bga4 ,b ! ,todas say t ! buffaloes slaught]$ & ! hut burnt at ! fun]al are transf]r$ to ! _s ( ! deceas$ 9 ! next _w2 ,%ortt 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vii4 p4 #bdg4 ,see ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aii4 ,footnote #fb3 ,eg$e1 #8,gre5l&1' p4 #aeb2 ,cranz1 p4 #cjj4 ,footnote #fc3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cbc2 see pp4 #cbi1 #cfc4 ,footnote #fd3 ,b[r+1 #8,siam1' vol4 i4 p4 #abb2 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi54' vol4 iii4 p4 #beh4 ,footnote #fe3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #abj4 ,footnote #ff3 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]glaube1' pp4 #bac-ag4 ,o!r cases ( tak+ out ! dead by a gap made on purpose3 ,arb\sset & ,daumas1 p4 #ejb 7,bu%m572 ,magy>1 p4 #cea 7,kimbunda72 ,m(fat1 p4 #cjg 7,be*uanas72 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aii 7,ojibwas72--_! motive is probably t ! gho/ may n f9d its way back by ! door4 ,footnote #fg3 ,oldfield 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 pp4 #bbh1 #bcf1 #bde4 ,footnote #fh3 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #bba2 ,s*irr51 p4 #ia2 see ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bcc4 ,footnote #fi3 ,morgan1 #8,league ( ,iroquois1' p4 #agd4 ,footnote #gj3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bhf4 ,footnote #ga3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #abf4 ,footnote #gb3 ,cross 9 #8,j\rn4 ,am]4 ,or4 ,soc4' vol4 iv4 p4 #cji2 ,mason 9 #8,j\rn4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,b5gal1' #ahfe1 "p ii4 p4 #bjc4 ,see also ,j4 ,&]son1 #8,exp4 to ,w4 ,yunnan1' pp4 #abf1 #aca 7,%ans74 ,footnote #gc3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' pp4 #ea1 #ii-aja4 ,footnote #gd3 ,lucian4 ,de ,luctu4 ,see ,pauly1 #8,real4 ,encyclop4' & ,smi?1 #8,dic4 ( ,gr4 & ,rom4 ,ant4' s4v4 #8inf]i4' ,footnote #ge3 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #bgg4 ,footnote #gf3 ,calmet1 vol4 ii4 *4 xxxvi42 ,br&1 vol4 iii4 p4 #fg4 ,footnote #gg3 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 vi4 p4 #ge2 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 pp4 #ci1 #hc2 "p iv4 p4 #fe2 ,tann]'s #8,n>r4' p4 #bic4 ,footnote #gh3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcf1 p4 #ajd4 ,footnote #gi3 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 pp4 #bec1 #cfd4 ,see ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #bbj4 ,footnote #hj3 ,krapf1 #8,e4 ,afr4' p4 #aej4 ,footnote #ha3 ,t4 ,j4 ,hut*9son1 p4 #bjf4 ,footnote #hb3 ,cavazzi1 #8,congo1 c4' lib4 i4 p4 #bfd4 ,s 9 anci5t ,greece1 ,lucian4 ,*>on1 #bb4 ,footnote #hc3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #ahj4 ,footnote #hd3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 ii4 p4 #bce4 ,footnote #he3 ,tickell 9 #8,j\rn4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,b5gal1' vol4 ix4 p4 #gie2 ,dalton1 ibid4 #ahff1 "p ii4 p4 #aec1 c42 & 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #a1 c42 ,la?am1 #8,descr4 ,e?4' vol4 ii4 p4 #dae1 c4 ,footnote #hf3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #fb2 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aba4 ,footnote #hg3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #agc1 c42 vol4 ii4 p4 #ia1 c42 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #cjf4 ,footnote #hh3 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cfb2 ,lucian4 ,de ,luctu1 #ba4 ,footnote #hi3 ,manu1 iii42 ,colebrooke1 #8,essays1' vol4 i4 p4 #afa1 c42 ,pictet1 #8,orig9es ,indo-,europ4' "p ii4 p4 #fjj2 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ccb4 ,footnote #ij3 ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop4' s4v4 #8funus4'2 ,smi?'s #8,dic4' s4v4 #8funus4' ,see ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 pp4 #cje-ai4 ,footnote #ia3 ,augu/94 contra ,fau/um1 xx4 #d2 ,de ,civ4 ,dei1 viii4 #bg2 conf4 vi4 #b4 ,see ,beausobre1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #fcc1 #fhe2 ,b+ham1 xx4 c4 #g4 ,footnote #ib3 ,sa9t-,foix1 #8,essais ,hi/oriques sur ,p>is1' 9 #8uvres1' vol4 iv4 p4 #adg1 c4 ,footnote #ic3 ,lady ,h]b]t1 #8,impressions ( ,spa91' p4 #h4 ,footnote #id3 ,h4 ,c4 ,roman(f1 #8,rites & ,cu/oms ( ,greco-,russian ,*ur*1' p4 #bdi2 ,ral/on1 #8,songs ( ! ,russian ,p1' pp4 #ace1 #cbj2 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #gg2 ,br&1 #8,pop4 ,ant4' vol4 i4 p4 #aae4 ,footnote #ie3 ,beside ! acc\nts ( annual fe/ivals ( ! dead cit$ "h1 see ! foll[+3--,santos1 #8,e?iopia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #fhe 7,sept472 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 pp4 #bc1 #ebb1 #ebh 7,aug41 ,oct41 ,nov472 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 #8,p]u1' p4 #acd 7,p]uvian fea/ dat$ z ,nov4 #b 9 co9cid5ce ) ,all ,s\ls'1 b ?is reckon+ is vitiat$ by confusion ( seasons ( ,n4 & ,s4 hemisph]e1 see ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #chi2 moreov]1 ! ,p]uvian fea/ may h be5 orig9ally held at a diff]5t date1 & transf]r$1 z happ5$ else:]e1 to ! #8,spani% ,all ,s\ls'72 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #dd1 #fb 7esp4 ,apr472 ,c>on1 #8,japan1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 vii4 p4 #fbi 7,aug474 ,footnote #if3 ,mason1 #8,k>5s1' l4 c4 p4 #bch4 ,footnote #ig3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #adg4 ,footnote #ih3 ,munz+]1 #8,o/afr4 ,/ud4' p4 #dgc4 ,footnote #ii3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aid4 ,footnote #ajj3 ,g4 ,d',alaux 9 #8,rev4 des ,deux ,mondes1' ,may #ae1 #aheb1 p4 #gf4 ,footnote #aja3 ,ovid4 ,fa/4 ii4 #ecc2 v4 #dbj4 ,footnote #ajb3 ,spiegel1 #8,ave/a1' vol4 ii4 p4 ci42 ,alg]1 p4 #acg4 ,footnote #ajc3 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' pp4 #cgd1 #djh2 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #gg2 ,roman(f1 #8,greco-,roman ,*ur*1' p4 #bee4 ,footnote #ajd3 ,petrus ,damianus1 #8,vita ,s4 ,odilonis1' 9 ! ,boll&i/ #8,acta ,sanctorum1' ,jan4 #a1 has ! qua9t leg5d atta*$ to ! new ord9ance4 ,an isl& h]mit dwelt ne> a volcano1 :]e s\ls ( ! wick$ 7 torm5t$ 9 ! flames4 ,! holy man he>d ! (ficiat+ demons lam5t t _! daily task ( new torture 0 int]f]$ ) by ! pray]s & alms ( dev\t p]sons leagu$ aga9/ !m to save s\ls1 & especially !y compla9$ ( ! ,monks ( ,cluny4 ,!reupon ! h]mit s5t a message to ,abbot ,odilo1 :o c>ri$ out ! "w to ! efficacy ( :i* he _h receiv$ su* p]fect spiritual te/imony1 by decree+ t ,novemb] #b1 ! day aft] ,all ,sa9ts'1 %\ld be set ap>t = s]vices = ! dep>t$4 ,footnote #aje3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ccf4 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #caf2 vol4 ii4 p4 #bij4 ,wuttke1 #8,deuts*e ,volksab]glaube1' p4 #baf4 ,cortet1 #8,ftes ,religieuses1' p4 #bcc2 #8,we/m9/] ,rev4' ,jan4 #ahfj2 ,h]s>t de la ,villem>qu1 #8,*ants de la ,bretagne1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cjg4 ,footnote #ajf3 ,le ,jeune 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcd1 p4 #af2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aie4 ,footnote #ajg3 ,cavazzi1 #8,congo1' c41 book i4 #bfe4 ,footnote #ajh3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #hfe1 b n s 9 ! acc\nt ( ! ,fea/ ( ! ,dead 9 ,boecl]1 #8,eh/5 ,ab]gl4 ,gebr4' 7ed4 ,kreutzwald71 p4 #hi4 ,comp>e ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #cde 7,gs74 ,! foll[+ passage f a spirituali/ j\rnal1 #8,! ,m$ium1' ,feb4 #i1 #ahgb1 %[s ?is primitive notion curi\sly surviv+ 9 mod]n ,engl&4 #8,e "t we sat at d9n]1 we _h n only _s-voices call+ to u1 b _s-h&s t\*+ u2 & la/ ev5+1 z x 0 8 f>ewell1 !y gave u a special manife/ation1 unask$ = & unlook$ =4 ,he sitt+ at ! "r h& ( me1 a vacant *air opposite to him began mov+1 &1 9 answ] to :e!r x w\ld h "s d9n]1 said 8,yes40 ,i !n ask$ x to select :at x w\ld take1 :5 x *ose croquets des pommes de t]re 7a ,fr5* way ( dress+ potatoes1 ab\t ?ree in*es long & two wide4 ,i w s5d y "o t y may see x74 ,i 0 desir$ to put ?is on ! *air1 ei!r 9 a tablespoon or on a plate4 ,i plac$ x 9 a tablespoon1 ?9k+ t probably ! plate might be brok54 ,9 a few seconds ,i 0 told t x 0 eat51 & look+1 f\nd ! half ( x gone1 ) ! m>ks %[+ ! tee?4' 7,note to #bnd ed47 ,footnote #aji3 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #bbj1 see #ajd4 ,footnote #aaj3 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #bd4 ,footnote #aaa3 ,colebrooke1 #8,essays1' vol4 i4 p4 #afc1 c42 ,manu4 iii4 ,footnote #aab3 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #djh2 ,h>tkno*1 #8,preuss51' "p i4 p4 #ahg4 ,footnote #aac3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #cc1 #dh2 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #cah4 ,footnote #aad3 ,borri1 #8,relatione della ,nuova ,missione della ,comp4 di ,giesu1' ,rome1 #afca1 p4 #bjh2 & 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 ix4 p4 #hbb1 c4 ,footnote #aae3 ,gr\t1 #8,zulu ,l&1' p4 #adj2 see ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #aa4 ,footnote #aaf3 ,c>on1 #8,japan1' vol4 vii4 p4 #fbi2 see ,turp91 #8,siam1' ibid4 vol4 ix4 p4 #eij4 ,footnote #aag3 ,ovid4 ,fa/4 ii4 #ecc4 ,footnote #aah3 ,legge1 #8,confucius1' pp4 #aja-b1 #acj2 ,buns51 #8,god 9 ,hi/ory1' p4 #bga4 ,footnote #aai3 ,br&1 #8,pop4 ,ant4' vol4 i4 p4 #cib1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bhi4 ,,*apt] ,,xiii4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,j\rney ( ! ,s\l to ! ,l& ( ! ,dead--,visits by ! ,liv+ to ! ,regions ( ,dep>t$ ,s\ls--,connexion ( su* leg5ds ) my?s ( ,sunset3 ! ,l& ( ! ,dead ?us imag9$ z 9 ! ,we/--,realization ( curr5t religi\s ideas1 :e!r ( savage or civiliz$ !ology1 9 n>ratives ( visits to ! ,regions ( ,s\ls--,localization ( ! ,future ,life--,di/ant e>?ly region3 ,e>?ly ,p>adise1 ,isles ( ! ,ble/--,subt]ranean ,hades or ,%eol--,sun1 ,moon1 ,/>s--,heav5--,hi/orical c\rse ( belief z to su* localization--,nature ( ,future ,life--,cont9uance-!ory1 app>5tly orig9al1 belongs especially to ! l[] races--,transitional !ories--,retribution-!ory1 app>5tly d]iv$1 belongs especially to ! high] races--,doctr9e ( ,moral ,retribution z develop$ 9 ! high] culture--,survey ( ,doctr9e ( ,future ,/ate1 f savage to civiliz$ /ages--,its practical effect on ! s5tim5t & conduct ( ,mank9d4 ,! dep>ture ( ! dead man's s\l f ! _w ( liv+ m51 its j\rney to ! di/ant l& ( spirits1 ! life x w lead 9 its new home1 are topics on :i* ! l[] races = ! mo/ "p hold explicit doctr9es4 ,:5 ^! fall "u ! inspection ( a mod]n e?nograph]1 he treats !m z my?s2 (t5 to a high degree intelligible & rational 9 _! orig91 consi/5t & regul> 9 _! /ructure1 b n ! less my?s4 ,few subjects h ar\s$ ! savage poet's m9d to su* bold & vivid imag]y z ! ?\ght ( ! h]eaft]4 ,yet also a survey ( its details among mank9d displays 9 ! mid/ ( v>iety a regul> recurr5ce ( episode :i* br+s ! ev]-recurr+ "q1 h[ f> is ?is correspond5ce due to transmission ( ! same ?\ght f tribe to tribe1 & h[ f> to simil> b indep5d5t developm5t 9 di/ant l&s8 ,f ! savage /ate up into ! mid/ ( civilization1 ! comp>ison may be c>ri$ ?r\gh4 ,l[ races & high1 9 region aft] region1 c po9t out ! v spot :5ce ! flitt+ s\ls />t to travel t[>d _! new home4 ,at ! extreme we/]n cape ( ,vanua ,levu1 a calm & solemn place ( cliff & =e/1 ! s\ls ( ! ,fijian dead emb>k = ! judgem5t-seat ( ,nd5gei1 & ?i!r ! liv+ come 9 pilgrimage1 ?9k+ to see _! gho/s & gods4#abj ,! ,bap]i ( ,s\? ,africa w v5ture to creep a little way into _! cav]n ( ,m>imatl1 :5ce m5 & animals came =? into ! _w1 & :i!r s\ls return at dea?4#aba ,9 ,mexico ! cav]n ( ,*al*atongo l$ to ! pla9s ( p>adise1 & ! ,aztec "n ( ,mictlan1 #8,l& ( ! ,dead1' n[ ,mitla1 keeps up ! remembrance ( ano!r subt]ranean temple :i* op5$ ! way to ! soj\rn ( ! bless$4#abb ,h[ naturally a dre>y place1 fit r = ! dead ?an ! liv+1 sugge/s ! ?\ght ( an entrance to ! l& ( ! dep>t$1 is se5 9 ! fictiti\s travels kn[n "u ! "n ( ,sir ,john ,m&evill1 :]e ! description ( ! ,vale ,p]il\s1 adapt$ f ! t]rible valley :i* ,fri> ,odoric _h se5 full ( corpses & he>d res\nd ) /range noise ( drums1 has ?is appropriate end+3 #8,?is vale es full ( deuilles & all way has b5e2 & m5 saise 9 t cuntree t ?>e es ane entree to hell4'#abc ,9 m g5u9e folklore1 ,nor? ,g]man peasants /ill rememb] on ! banks ( ! swampy ,drml+ ! place ( access to ! l& ( dep>t$ s\ls4#abd ,to u ,engli%m5 ! %ores ( lake ,av]nus1 trodd5 daily by our t\ri/s1 are m famili> ?an ! ,iri% analogue ( ! place1 ,l\gh ,d]g1 ) its cav]n entrance ( ,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory lead+ d[n to ! awful _w bel[4 ,! mass ( my/ic details ne$ n be repeat$ "h ( ! s\l's dread j\rney by cav]ns & rocky pa?s & we>y pla9s1 ov] /eep & slipp]y m\nta9s1 by frail b>k or giddy bridge across gulfs or ru%+ riv]s1 abid+ ! fi]ce onset ( ! s\l-de/roy] or ! doom ( ! /]n gu>dian ( ! o!r _w4 ,b be=e describ+ ! _s-_w :i* is ! end ( ! s\l's j\rney1 let u see :at ! pro( is :i* su/a9s ! belief 9 bo?4 ,! l[] races claim to hold _! doctr9es ( ! future life on /rong tradition1 direct revelation1 & ev5 p]sonal exp]i5ce4 ,to !m ! l& ( s\ls is a discov]$ c\ntry1 f ^: b\rne _m a travell] returns4 ,among ! leg5d>y visits to ! _w beyond ! grave1 !re are "s t seem pure my?1 )\t a t\* ( real p]sonal hi/ory4 ,ojibwa1 ! eponymic h]o ( 8 ,nor? ,am]ican tribe1 z "o ( 8 _m exploits desc5d$ to ! subt]ranean _w ( dep>t$ spirits1 & came up aga9 to e>?4#abe ,:5 ! ,kam*adals 7 ask$ h[ !y knew s well :at happ5s to m5 aft] dea?1 !y c\ld answ] ) _! leg5d ( ,haet% ! fir/ man4 ,he di$ & w5t d[n into ! _w bel[1 & a long :ile aft] came up aga9 to 8 =m] dwell+1 & !re1 /&+ above by ! smoke-hole1 he talk$ d[n to 8 k9dr$ 9 ! h\se & told !m ab\t ! life to come2 x 0 !n t 8 two daught]s :om he _h left bel[ foll[$ him 9 ang] & smote him s t he di$ a second "t1 & n[ he is *ief 9 ! l[] _w1 & receives ! ,italm5 :5 !y die & rise anew4#abf ,?us1 aga91 9 ! great ,f9ni% epic1 ! ,kalewala1 "o great episode is ,wa9amo95's visit to ! l& ( ! dead4 ,seek+ ! la/ *>m-words to build 8 boat1 ! h]o travell$ ) quick /eps week aft] week ?r\gh bu% & wood till he came to ! ,tuonela riv]1 & saw be=e him ! isl& ( ,tuoni ! god ( dea?4 ,l\dly he call$ to ,tuoni's daught] to br+ ! f]ry-boat across3-- #8,%e1 ! virg9 ( ,manala1 ,%e1 ! wa%] ( ! clo?+1 ,%e1 ! wr+] ( ! l951 ,by ! riv] ( ,tuonela1 ,9 ! "u-_w ,manala1 ,spake 9 words1 & ?is _! mean+1 ,?is _! answ] to ! he>]3-- 8,=? ! boat %all come f hi!r1 ,:5 ! reason ?\ ha/ giv5 ,t ha? br\ght !e to ,manala1 ,nei!r sla9 by any sickness1 ,nor by ,dea? dragg$ f ! liv+1 ,nor de/roy$ by o!r end+40' ,wa9amo95 replies ) ly+ reasons4 ,iron br\ght him1 he says1 b ,tuoni's daught] answ]s t no blood drips f 8 g>m5t2 ,fire br\ght him1 he says1 b %e answ]s t 8 locks are uns+$1 & at la/ he tells 8 real mission4 ,!n %e f]ries him ov]1 & ,tuonet> ! ho/ess br+s him be] 9 ! two-e>$ jug1 b ,wa9amo95 c see ! frogs & worms )9 & w n dr9k1 = x 0 n to dra9 ,manala's be]-jug he _h come4 ,he lay 9 ! b$ ( ,tuoni1 & mean:ile !y spread ! hundr$ nets ( iron & copp] across ! riv] t he might n escape2 b he turn$ into a re$ 9 ! swamp1 & z a snake crept ?r\gh ! me%es3-- #8,tuoni's son ) hook$ f+]s ,iron-po9t$ hook$ f+]s ,w5t to draw 8 nets at morn+-- ,salmon-tr\t he f\nd a hundr$1 ,?\s&s ( ! little fi%es1 ,b he f\nd no ,wa9amo951 ,n ! old fri5d ( ! bill[s4 ,!n ! anci5t ,wa9amo951 ,come f out ( ,tuoni's k+dom1 ,spake 9 words1 & ?is _! mean+1 ,?is _! answ] to ! he>]3-- 8,nev] may/ ?\1 ,god ( goodness1 ,nev] suff] su* ano!r ,:o ( self-w goes to ,mana1 ,?ru/s 8 way to ,tuoni's k+dom4 ,_m !y :o travel ?i!r1 ,few :o !nce h f\nd ! home-way1 ,f ! h\ses ( ,tuoni ,f ! dwell+s ( ,manala40'#abg ,x is en\gh to "n ! famili> classic analogues ( ^! my?ic visits to ,hades1--! desc5t ( ,dionysos to br+ back ,semele1 ( ,orpheus to br+ back 8 belov$ ,eurydike1 ( ,h]akles to fet* up ! ?ree-head$ ,k]b]os at ! comm& ( 8 ma/] ,eury/heus2 above all1 ! voyage ( ,odysseus to ! ends ( ! deep-fl[+ ,ocean1 to ! cl\d$ city ( ,kimm]ian m51 :]e %9+ ,helios looks n d[n ) 8 rays1 & deadly night /ret*es always ov] wret*$ mortals1--!nce !y pass$ along ! banks to ! entrance ( ! l& :]e ! %ades ( ! dep>t$1 quick5$ = a :ile by ! ta/e ( sacrificial blood1 talk$ ) ! h]o & %[$ him ! regions ( _! dismal home4#abh ,! sc5e ( ! desc5t into ,hades is 9 v de$ enact$ day by day be=e our eyes1 z x 0 be=e ! eyes ( ! anci5t my?-mak]1 :o wat*$ ! sun desc5d to ! d>k "u-_w1 & return at dawn to ! l& ( liv+ m54 ,^! h]oic leg5ds lie 9 close-knit connexion ) episodes ( sol> my?4 ,x is by ! simple/ poetic adaptation ( ! ,sun's daily life1 typify+ ,man's life 9 dawn+ beauty1 9 mid-day glory1 9 ev5+ dea?1 t my?ic fancy ev5 fix$ ! belief 9 ! religions ( ! _w1 t ! ,l& ( ,dep>t$ ,s\ls lies 9 ! ,f> ,we/ or ! ,_w ,bel[4 ,h[ deeply ! my? ( ! ,sunset has ent]$ into ! doctr9e ( m5 conc]n+ a ,future ,/ate1 h[ ! ,we/ & ! ,"u-,_w h become by m]e imag9ative analogy ,regions ( ! ,dead1 h[ ! qua9t day-dreams ( savage poets may pass into hon\r$ dogmas ( classic sages & mod]n div9es1--all ?is ! cr[d ( details "h cit$ f ! wide range ( culture /& to prove4 ,moreov]1 visits f or to ! dead are matt]s ( p]sonal exp]i5ce & p]sonal te/imony4 ,:5 9 dream or vision ! se] beholds ! spirits ( ! dep>t$1 !y give him tid+s f ! o!r _w1 or he may ev5 rise & travel ?i!r himself1 & return to tell ! liv+ :at he has se5 among ! dead4 ,x is sometimes z if ! travell]'s mat]ial body w5t to visit a di/ant l&1 & sometimes all we are told is t ! man's self w5t1 b :e!r 9 body or 9 _s is a m]e detail ( :i* ! /ory keeps no record4 ,mo/ly1 h[ev]1 x is ! se]'s s\l :i* goes =?1 leav+ 8 body beh9d 9 ec/asy1 sleep1 coma1 or dea?4 ,"s ( ^! /ories1 z we trace !m on f savage into civiliz$ times1 are no d\bt giv5 9 good fai? by ! vision>y himself1 :ile o!rs are imitations ( ^! g5u9e acc\nts4#abi ,n[ su* visions are naturally apt to reproduce ! ?\ghts ) :i* ! se]'s m9d 0 already furni%$4 ,e idea once lodg$ 9 ! m9d ( a savage1 a b>b>ian1 or an en?usia/1 is ready ?us to be br\ght back to him f )\t4 ,x is a vici\s circle2 :at he believes he !re=e sees1 & :at he sees he !re=e believes4 ,behold+ ! reflexion ( 8 own m9d l a *ild look+ at itself 9 a glass1 he humbly receives ! tea*+ ( 8 second self4 ,! ,r$ ,indian visits 8 happy hunt+-gr\nds1 ! ,tongan 8 %ad[y isl& ( ,bolotu1 ! ,greek ent]s ,hades & looks on ! ,elysian ,fields1 ! ,*ri/ian beholds ! heights ( ,heav5 & ! dep?s ( ,hell4 ,among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 & especially ! ,algonqu9 tribes1 acc\nts are n unusual ( m5 ^: spirits1 travell+ 9 dreams or 9 ! halluc9ations ( extreme illness to ! l& ( ! dead1 h return$ to reanimate _! bodies1 & tell :at !y h se54 ,_! exp]i5ces h be5 9 great measure :at !y 7 taught 9 e>ly *ildhood to expect1 ! j\rney along ! pa? ( ! dead1 ! mon/r\s /rawb]ry at :i* ! jebi-ug or gho/s refre% !mselves1 b :i* turns to r$ rock at ! t\* ( _! spoons1 ! b>k (f]$ !m = dri$ meat & great puff-balls = squa%es1 ! riv] ( ! dead ) its snake-bridge or sw++ log1 ! great dog /&+ on ! o!r side1 ! villages ( ! dead beyond4#acj ,! ,zulus ( our own day tell ( m5 :o h gone d[n by holes 9 ! gr\nd into ! und]world1 :]e m\nta9s & riv]s & all ?+s are z "h above1 & :]e a man may f9d 8 k9dr$1 = ! dead live 9 _! villages1 & may be se5 milk+ _! cattle1 :i* are ! cattle kill$ on e>? & come to life anew4 ,! ,zulu ,ump5gula1 :o told "o ( ^! /ories to ,dr4 ,callaway1 rememb]$ :5 he 0 a boy see+ an ugly little hairy man call$ ,uncama1 :o once1 *as+ a porcup9e t ate 8 mealies1 foll[$ x d[n a hole 9 ! gr\nd into ! l& ( ! dead4 ,:5 he came back to 8 home on e>? he f\nd t he _h be5 giv5 up = dead himself1 8 wife _h duly burnt & buri$ 8 mats & blankets & vessels1 & ! wond]+ p at sight ( him aga9 %\t$ ! fun]al dirge4 ,( ?is ,zulu ,dante x us$ to be cont9ually said1 #8,!re is ! man :o w5t to ! und]gr\nd p4'#aca ,"o ( ! mo/ *>act]i/ic ( ^! savage n>ratives is f ,new ,zeal&4 ,?is /ory1 :i* has an especial int]e/ f ! rem9isc5ce x conta9s ( ! gigantic ext9ct ,moa1 & :i* may be repeat$ at "s l5g? z an illu/ration ( ! m9ute detail & lifelike reality :i* su* vision>y leg5ds assume 9 b>b>ic life1 0 told to ,mr4 ,%ortl& by a s]vant ( 8 nam$ ,te ,:>ew]a4 ,an aunt ( ?is man di$ 9 a solit>y hut ne> ! banks ( ,lake ,rotorua4 ,be+ a lady ( rank %e 0 left 9 h] hut1 ! door & w9d[s 7 made fa/1 & ! dwell+ 0 ab&on$1 z h] dea? _h made x tapu4 ,b a day or two aft]1 ,te ,:>ew]a ) "s o!rs paddl+ 9 a canoe ne> ! place at e>ly morn+ saw a figure on ! %ore beckon+ to !m4 ,x 0 ! aunt come to life aga91 b weak & cold & fami%$4 ,:5 suffici5tly re/or$ by _! timely help1 %e told h] /ory4 ,leav+ h] body1 h] _s _h tak5 flight t[>d ! ,nor? ,cape1 & arriv$ at ! entrance ( ,reigna4 ,!re1 hold+ on by ! /em ( ! creep+ akeake-plant1 %e desc5d$ ! precipice1 & f\nd h]self on ! s&y bea* ( a riv]4 ,look+ r\nd1 %e espi$ 9 ! di/ance an enorm\s bird1 tall] ?an a man1 com+ t[>ds h] ) rapid /rides4 ,?is t]rible object s fright5$ h]1 t h] fir/ ?\ght 0 to try to return up ! /eep cliff2 b see+ an old man paddl+ a small canoe t[>ds h] %e ran to meet him1 & s escap$ ! bird4 ,:5 %e _h be5 safely f]ri$ across %e ask$ ! old ,*>on1 m5tion+ ! "n ( h] family1 :]e ! spirits ( h] k9dr$ dwelt4 ,foll[+ ! pa? ! old man po9t$ out1 %e 0 surpris$ to f9d x j su* a pa? z %e _h be5 us$ to on e>?2 ! aspect ( ! c\ntry1 ! trees1 %rubs1 & plants 7 all famili> to h]4 ,%e rea*$ ! village & among ! cr[d assembl$ !re %e f\nd h] fa!r & _m ne> relations2 !y salut$ h]1 & welcom$ h] ) ! wail+ *ant :i* ,maoris always address to p met aft] long abs5ce4 ,b :5 h] fa!r _h ask$ ab\t 8 liv+ relatives1 & especially ab\t h] own *ild1 he told h] %e mu/ g back to e>?1 = no "o 0 left to take c>e ( 8 gr&*ild4 ,by 8 ord]s %e refus$ to t\* ! food t ! dead p (f]$ h]1 & 9 spite ( _! ef=ts to deta9 h]1 h] fa!r got h] safely into ! canoe1 cross$ ) h]1 & p>t+ gave h] f "u 8 cloak two enorm\s sweet potatoes to plant at home = 8 gr&*ild's especial eat+4 ,b z %e began to climb ! precipice aga91 two pursu+ infant spirits pull$ h] back1 & %e only escap$ by fl++ ! roots at !m1 :i* !y /opp$ to eat1 :ile %e scal$ ! rock by help ( ! akeake-/em1 till %e rea*$ ! e>? & flew back to :]e %e _h left h] body4 ,on return+ to life %e f\nd h]self 9 d>kness1 & :at _h pass$ seem$ z a dream1 till %e p]ceiv$ t %e 0 des]t$ & ! door fa/1 & conclud$ t %e _h really di$ & come to life aga94 ,:5 morn+ dawn$1 a fa9t light ent]$ by ! crevices ( ! %ut-up h\se1 & %e saw on ! floor ne> h] a calaba% p>tly full ( r$ o*re mix$ ) wat]2 ?is %e eag]ly dra9$ to ! dregs1 & !n feel+ a little /rong]1 succe$$ 9 op5+ ! door & crawl+ d[n to ! bea*1 :]e h] fri5ds soon aft] f\nd h]4 ,^? :o li/5$ to h] tale firmly believ$ ! reality ( h] adv5tures1 b x 0 mu* regrett$ t %e _h n br\ght back at lea/ "o ( ! huge sweet-potatoes1 z evid5ce ( h] visit to ! l& ( spirits4#acb ,races ( ,nor? ,asia#acc & ,we/ ,africa#acd h 9 l mann] _! explor]s ( ! _w beyond ! grave4 ,classic lit]ature cont9ues ! s]ies4 ,lucian's graphic tales repres5t ! belief ( _! age1 if n ( _! au?or4 ,8 ,eukrates looks d[n ! *asm into ,hades1 & sees ! dead recl9+ on ! asphodel 9 companies ( k9sfolk & fri5ds2 among !m he recognizes ,sokrates ) 8 bald head & pot-belly1 & also 8 own fa!r1 dress$ 9 ! clo!s he 0 buri$ 94 ,!n ,kleodemos caps ?is /ory ) 8 own1 h[ :5 he 0 sick1 on ! sev5? day :5 8 fev] 0 burn+ l a furnace1 e "o left him1 & ! doors 7 %ut4 ,!n !re /ood be=e him an all-beaute\s y\? 9 a :ite g>m5t1 :o l$ him ?r\gh a *asm into ,hades1 z he knew by see+ ,tantalos & ,tityos & ,sisyphos2 & br++ him to ! c\rt ( judgem5t1 :]e 7 ,aiakos & ! ,fates & ! ,er9yes1 ! y\? set him be=e ,pluto ! ,k+1 :o sat read+ ! names ( ^? ^: day ( life 0 ov]4 ,b ,pluto 0 angry1 & said to ! guide1 #8,?is "o's ?read is n run out1 t he %\ld dep>t1 b br+ me ,demylos ! copp]smi?1 = he is liv+ beyond ! sp9dle4' ,s ,kleodemos came back to himself free f 8 fev] & ann\nc$ t ,demylos1 :o 0 a sick neighb\r1 w\ld die2 & accord+ly a little :ile aft] !re 0 he>d ! cry ( ! m\rn]s wail+ = him4#ace ,plut>*'s /ories1 told m s]i\sly1 are yet "o 9 type ) ! mock+ ,lucian's4 ,! wick$1 pleasure-seek+ ,!spesios lies ?ree days z dead1 & revives to tell 8 vision ( ! _w bel[4 ,"o ,antyllos 0 sick1 & seem$ to ! doctors to reta9 no trace ( life2 till1 wak+ )\t sign ( insanity1 he decl>$ t he _h be5 inde$ dead1 b 0 ord]$ back to life1 ^? :o br\ght him be+ sev]ely *idd5 by _! "l1 & s5t to fet* ,nik&] in/ead1 a well-kn[n curri]1 :o 0 accord+ly tak5 ) a fev]1 & di$ on ! ?ird day4#acf ,su* /ories1 old & new1 are curr5t among ! ,h9dus at ?is day4 ,a c]ta9 man's s\l1 = in/ance1 is c>ri$ to ! realm ( ,yama by mi/ake = a namesake1 & is s5t back 9 ha/e to rega9 8 body be=e x is burnt2 b 9 ! mean:ile he has a glimpse ( ! hide\s puni%m5ts ( ! wick$1 & ( ! glori\s life ( ^? :o _h mortifi$ ! fle% on e>?1 & ( suttee-wid[s n[ sitt+ 9 happ9ess by _! husb&s4#acg ,mutatis mut&is ^! tales reappe> 9 ,*ri/ian my?ology1 z :5 ,gregory ! ,great records t a c]ta9 nobleman nam$ ,/eph5 di$1 :o 0 tak5 to ! region ( ,hades1 & saw _m ?+s he _h he>d be=e b n believ$2 b :5 he 0 set be=e ! rul] !re presid+1 he s5t him back1 say+ t x 0 ?is ,/eph5's neighb\r--,/eph5 ! smi?--:om he _h comm&$ to be br\ght2 & accord+ly ! "o return$ to life1 & ! o!r di$4#ach ,! ?\ght ( human visitors reveal+ ! my/]ies ( ! _w beyond ! grave1 :i* inde$ took no slight hold on ,*ri/ian belief1 atta*$ itself 9 a rem>kable way to ! doctr9e ( ,*ri/'s desc5t into ,hades4 ,?is dogma _h s /rongly e/abli%$ itself by ! end ( ! #d? c5tury1 t ,augu/9e c\ld ask1 #8,quis nisi infidelis negav]it fuisse apud inf]os ,*ri/um8'#aci ,a di/9ct /atem5t ( ! dogma 0 aft]w>ds introduc$ into ! symbol commonly call$ ! #8,apo/les' ,cre$3' #8,desc5dit ad inf]os1' #8,desc5dit ad inf]na1' #8,he desc5d$ into hell4'#adj ,! ,desc5t into ,hades1 :i* _h ! !ological use ( provid+ a !ory ( salvation applicable to ! sa9ts ( ! old cov5ant1 imprison$ 9 ! limbo ( ! fa!rs1 is n>rat$ 9 full 9 ! apocryphal ,gospel ( ,nicodemus1 & is made !re to re/ ^u a leg5d :i* belongs to ! pres5t gr\p ( human visits to ! o!r _w4 ,x is relat$ t two sons ( ,simeon1 nam$ ,*>9us & ,leucius1 rose f _! tombs at ! ,resurrection1 & w5t ab\t sil5tly & pray]fully among m51 till ,annas & ,caiaphas br\ght !m into ! synagogue1 & *>g$ !m to tell ( _! rais+ f ! dead4 ,!n1 mak+ ! sign ( ! cross ^u _! tongues1 ! two ask$ = p>*m5t & wrote _! record4 ,!y _h be5 set ) all _! fa!rs 9 ! dep?s ( ,hades1 :5 on a sudd5 !re appe>$ ! col\r ( ! sun l gold1 & a purple royal light %9+ on !m2 !n ! patri>*s & prophets1 f ,adam to ,simeon & ,john ! ,bapti/1 rejoic+ proclaim$ ! com+ ( ! light & ! fulfilm5t ( ! prophecies2 ,satan & ,hades wrangl$ 9 /rife toge!r2 9 va9 ! braz5 gates 7 %ut ) _! iron b>s1 = ! summons came to op5 ! gates t ! k+ ( glory may come 91 :o ha? brok5 ! gates ( brass & cut ! b>s ( iron 9 sund]2 !n ! mighty ,"l broke ! fett]s & visit$ !m :o sat 9 d>kness & ! %ad[ ( dea?2 ,adam & 8 righte\s *ildr5 7 deliv]$ f ,hades1 & l$ into ! glori\s grace ( ,p>adise4#ada ,dante1 elaborat+ 9 ! #8,div9a ,comm$ia' ! conceptions ( p>adise1 purgatory1 & hell famili> to ! actual belief ( 8 age1 describes !m once m 9 ! guise ( a liv+ visitor to ! l& ( ! dead4 ,e*oes 9 m$ival leg5d ( su* explor+ exp$itions to ! _w bel[ /ill l+] fa9tly 9 ! popul> belief ( ,europe4 ,x has be5 ?us ) ,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory1#adb ! cav]n 9 ! isl& ( ,l\gh ,d]g1 9 ! c\nty ,donegal1 :i* ev5 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury ,o',sullevan c\ld describe fir/ & =emo/ 9 8 #8,ca?olic ,hi/ory' z #8! greate/ ( all memorable ?+s ( ,irel&4' ,m$ival visits to ! o!r _w 7 (t5 made 9 ! _s4 ,b l ,ulysses1 ,wa9amo951 & ,dante1 m5 c\ld "h make ! j\rney 9 body1 z did ,sir ,owa9 & ! monk ,gilb]t4 ,:5 ! pilgrim _h sp5t fifte5 days 9 pray] & fa/+ 9 ! *ur*1 & _h be5 l$ ) litanies & spr9kl+ ( holy wat] to ! entrance ( ! purgatory1 & ! la/ w>n+s ( ! monks _h fail$ to turn him f 8 v5ture1 ! door 0 clos$ ^u him1 & if f\nd next morn+1 he c\ld tell ! ev5ts ( 8 awful j\rney--h[ he cross$ ! n>r[ bridge t spans ! riv] ( dea?1 h[ he saw ! hide\s torm5ts ( hell1 & approa*$ ! joys ( p>adise4 ,sir ,owa91 "o ( ,k+ ,/eph5's knights1 w5t ?i!r 9 p5ance = 8 life ( viol5ce & rap9e1 & ?is 0 "o ( ! sc5es he beheld 9 purgatory3-- #8,!re come develes o!r mony mo1 ,& badde ! knyg? ) hem to g1 ,& ladde him into a f[le contreye1 ,:]e ev] 0 nyg? & nev] day1 ,= hit 0 d]ke & won!r colde3 ,yette 0 !re nev] man s bolde1 ,hadde he nev] s mony clo!s on1 ,b he wolde be colde z ony /one4 ,wynde h]de he none bl[e1 ,b fa/e hit frese bo! hye & l[e4 ,!y br[gte him to a felde full brode1 ,ov]e su*e ano!r nev] he yode1 ,= ( ! l5g! none ende he knewe ,!reov] algate he mo/e n[e4 ,z he w5te he h]de a crye1 ,he wond]$ :at hit 01 & :y1 ,he syg !r m5 & wymm5 also ,t l[de cry$1 = hem 0 woo4 ,!y ley5 ?ykke on e londe1 ,fa/e nayl$ bo! fote & honde ,) nayles gl[yng alle ( brasse3 ,!y ete ! er! s wo hem 02 ,"h face 0 nayl$ to ! gr[nde4 8,sp>e10 !y cryde1 8a lytylle /\nde40 ,! develes wolde hem n sp>e3 ,to hem peyne !y ?[gte y>e4' ,:5 ,owa9 _h se5 ! o!r fields ( puni%m5t1 ) _! fi]y s]p5ts & toads1 & ! fires :]e s9n]s 7 hung up by _! (f5d+ memb]s1 & roa/$ on spits1 & ba/$ ) molt5 metal1 & turn$ ab\t on a great :eel ( fire1 & :5 he _h pass$ ! ,devil's ,m\? ov] ! awful bridge1 he rea*$ ! fair :ite glassy wall ( ! ,e>?ly ,p>adise1 rea*+ upw>d & upw>d1 & saw be=e him ! beautiful gate1 :5ce issu$ a ravi%+ p]fume4 ,!n he soon =got 8 pa9s & sorr[s4 #8,z he /ode1 & 0 s fayne1 ,hym ?[g? !r come hym agayne ,a swyde fayr processy\n ,( alle man]e m5ne ( relygy\n1 ,fayre ve/em5tes !y hadde on1 ,s ry*e syg he nev] none4 ,my*e joye hym ?[gte to se ,bys%opes yn "h dygnit2 ,ilkone w5te o!r be & be1 ,e man yn 8 degr4 ,he syg !r monkes & *anones1 ,& fr]es ) newe %av5e cr[nes2 ,ermytes he saw !re amonge1 ,& nonnes ) fulle m]y songe2 ,p]sones1 pre/es1 & vyc>yes2 ,!y made fulle m]y melodyes4 ,he syg !r kynges & emp]\res1 ,& dukes t _h ca/eles & t\res1 ,erles & b>ones fele1 ,t "s tyme hadde ! worldes wele4 ,o!r folke he syg also1 ,nev] s mony z he d$e ?oo4 ,wymm5 he syg !r t tyde3 ,my*e 0 ! joye !r on e syde3 ,= alle 0 joye t ) hem f]de1 ,& my*e solempnyt he h]de4' ,! procession welcom$ ,owa91 & l$ him ab\t1 %[+ him ! beauties ( t c\ntry3-- #8,hyt 0 gr5e1 & fulle ( fl[res ,( mony dyv]s col[res2 ,hyt 0 gr5e on e syde1 ,z m$ewus are yn som]es tyde4 ,!r 7 trees gr[yng fulle gr5e ,fulle ( fruyte ev] m1 y w5e2 ,= !r 0 frwyte ( mony a kynde1 ,su* yn ! londe may no mon fynde4 ,!r !y h ! tree ( lyfe1 ,!ryn ys myr!1 & nev] /ryfe2 ,frwyte ( wysdom also !r ys1 ,( ! :y*e ,adam & ,eve d$e amysse3 ,o!r man]e frwytes !r 7 fele1 ,& alle man]e joye & wele4 ,mo*e folke he syg !r dwelle1 ,!re 0 no tongue t myg? hem telle2 ,alle 7 !y clod$ yn ry*e w$e1 ,:at clo? hit 0 he k[! n r$e4 ,!re 0 no wronge1 b ev] ryg?1 ,ev] day & nev]e nyg?4 ,!y %one z bryg? & m cl]e ,?an ony sonne yn ! day do? "h4' ,! poem1 9 fifte5?-c5tury ,engli%1 f :i* ^! passages are tak51 is a v]sion ( ! orig9al leg5d ( e>li] date1 & z su* contra/s ) a /ory really dat+ f e>ly 9 ! fifte5? c5tury--,william ,/aunton's desc5t into ,purgatory1 :]e ! !mes ( ! old s9c]ely-believ$ vision>y lore are fad+ into moral allegory1 & ! travell] sees ! gay gold & silv] coll>s & girdles burn+ into ! we>]'s fle%1 & ! jags t m5 7 clo!d 9 n[ become add]s & dragons1 suck+ & /++ !m1 & ! fi5ds draw+ d[n ! sk9 ( wom5's %\ld]s into pokes1 & smit+ into _! heads ) burn+ hamm]s _! gay *aplets ( gold & jewels turn$ to burn+ nails1 & s =?4 ,late 9 ?is fifte5? c5tury1 ,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory fell into discr$it1 b ev5 ! de/ruction ( ! entrance-build+1 9 #adgi1 by ,papal ord]1 did n de/roy ! ideal road4 ,ab\t #afic1 an excavation on ! spot br\ght to light a w9d[ ) iron /an*ions2 !re 0 a cry = holy wat] to keep ! spirits f break+ out f prison1 & ! prie/ smelt brim/one f ! d>k cavity bel[1 :i*1 h[ev]1 un=tunately turn$ out to be a cell>4 ,9 /ill lat] times1 ! ye>ly pilgrimage ( t5s ( ?\s&s ( vot>ies to ! holy place has kept up ?is int]e/+ survival f ! l[] culture1 :]eby a communication may /ill be trac$1 if n f ,e>? to ,hades1 at lea/ f ! belief ( ! ,new ,zeal&] to t ( ! ,iri% peasant4 ,to /udy & comp>e ! ideal regions :]e man has plac$ ! abodes ( dep>t$ s\ls is n an unpr(itable task4 ,true1 geography has n[ mapp$ out into m]e e>? & wat] ! space t lay beyond ! n>r[] sea & l& kn[n to ! old] nations1 & a/ronomy no long] recognizes ! flat e>? trodd5 by m5 z be+ ! ro( ( subt]ranean halls1 nor ! sky z be+ a solid firmam5t1 %utt+ out m5's gaze f /rata or sph]es ( empyran regions beyond4 ,yet if we c>ry our m9ds back to ! /ate ( k among ! l[] races1 we %all n f9d x h>d to und]/& ! e>ly conceptions z to ! locality ( ! regions beyond ! grave4 ,!y are no secrets ( high k made kn[n to sages ( old2 !y are ! natural fancies :i* *ildlike ignorance w\ld frame 9 any age4 ,! regul>ity ) :i* su* conceptions repeat !mselves ov] ! _w be>s te/imony to ! regul>ity ( ! processes by :i* op9ion is =m$ among mank9d4 ,at ! same "t1 ! /ud5t :o c>efully comp>es !m w f9d 9 !m a p]fect illu/ration ( an important pr9ciple1 widely applicable to ! g5]al !ory ( ! =mation ( human op9ion4 ,:5 a problem has pres5t$ itself to mank9d at l>ge1 susceptible ( a numb] ( solutions ab\t equally plausible1 ! result is t ! sev]al op9ions ?us produc$ w be f\nd ly+ scatt]$ 9 c\ntry aft] c\ntry4 ,! problem "h is1 giv5 ! exi/5ce ( s\ls ( ! dead :o f "t to "t visit ! liv+1 :]e is ! home ( ^! gho/s8 ,:y m5 9 "o di/rict %\ld h pref]r$ ! e>?1 9 ano!r ! "u-_w1 9 ano!r ! sky1 z ! abode ( dep>t$ s\ls1 is a "q (t5 difficult to answ]4 ,b we may at lea/ see h[ aga9 & aga9 ! "q 0 tak5 9 h&1 & h[ out ( ! ?ree or f\r available answ]s "s peoples adopt$ "o1 "s ano!r1 "s sev]al at once4 ,primitive !ologians _h all ! _w be=e !m :]e to *oose _! place ( re/ = ! dep>t$1 & !y us$ to ! full _! speculative lib]ty4 ,fir/ly1 :5 ! l& ( s\ls is locat$ on ! surface ( ! e>?1 !re is *oice ( fit places among wild & cl\dy precipices1 9 seclud$ valleys1 9 f>-(f pla9s & isl&s4 ,9 ,borneo1 ,mr4 ,/4 ,john visit$ ! heav5 ( ! ,idaan race1 on ! summit ( ,k9a ,balu1 & ! native guides1 :o fe>$ to pass ! night 9 ?is abode ( spirits1 %[$ ! travell] ! moss on :i* ! s\ls ( _! ance/ors f$1 & ! footpr9ts ( ! gho/ly buffaloes t foll[$ !m4 ,on ,gunung ,danka1 a m\nta9 9 ,we/ ,java1 !re is su* ano!r #8,e>?ly ,p>adise4' ,! ,sajira :o dwell 9 ! di/rict inde$ pr(ess !mselves ,mohamm$ans1 b !y secretly ma9ta9 _! old belief1 & at dea? or fun]al !y enjo9 ! s\l 9 solemn =m to set aside ! ,moslem ,allah1 & to take ! way to ! dwell+-place ( 8 own =efa!rs' s\ls3-- #8,/ep up ! b$ ( ! riv]1 & cross ! neck ( l&1 ,:]e ! ar5 trees /& 9 a clump1 & ! p9angs 9 a r[1 ,?i!r direct ?y /eps1 ,laillah be+ set aside4' ,mr4 ,jona?an ,rigg _h liv$ t5 ye>s among ^! p1 & knew !m well1 yet _h nev] f\nd out t _! p>adise 0 on ?is m\nta94 ,:5 at la/ he he>d ( x1 he made ! asc5t1 f9d+ on ! top only a few riv]-/ones1 =m+ "o ( ! balai1 or sacr$ cairns1 common 9 ! di/rict4 ,b ! popul> belief1 t a tig] w\ld dev\r ! *iefs :o p]mitt$ a violation ( ! sacr$ place1 soon receiv$ ! sort ( confirmation :i* su* beliefs receive ev]y:]e1 = a tig] kill$ two *ildr5 a few days lat]1 & ! disa/] 0 ( c\rse ascrib$ to ,mr4 ,rigg's pr(anation4#adc ,! ,*ilians said t ! s\l goes we/w>d ov] ! sea to ,gul*eman1 ! dwell+-place ( ! dead beyond ! m\nta9s2 life1 "s said1 0 all pleasure !re1 b o!rs ?\ght t "p w\ld be happy & "p mis]able4#add ,hidd5 among ! m\nta9s ( ,mexico lay ! joy\s g>d5-l& ( ,tlalocan1 :]e maize1 & pumpk9s1 & *ilis1 & tomatos nev] fail$1 & :]e abode ! s\ls ( *ildr5 sacrific$ to ,tlaloc1 its god1 & ! s\ls ( su* z di$ by dr[n+ or ?und]/roke1 or by leprosy or dropsy1 or o!r acute disease4#ade ,a survival ( su* ?\ght may be trac$ into m$ival civilization1 9 ! leg5ds ( ! ,e>?ly ,p>adise1 ! fire-girt abode ( sa9ts n yet rais$ to highe/ bliss1 localiz$ 9 ! utmo/ ,ea/ ( ,asia1 :]e e>? /ret*es up t[>ds heav54#adf ,:5 ,columbus sail$ we/-w>d across ! ,atlantic to seek #8! new heav5 & ! new e>?' he _h read ( 9 ,isaiah1 he f\nd !m1 ?\gh n z he s\ght4 ,x is a qua9t co9cid5ce t he f\nd !re also1 ?\gh n z he s\ght x1 ! ,e>?ly ,p>adise :i* 0 ano!r ma9 object ( 8 v5tur\s que/4 ,! ,haitians describ$ to ! :ite m5 _! ,coaibai1 ! p>adise ( ! dead1 9 ! lovely ,we/]n valleys ( _! isl&1 :]e ! s\ls hidd5 by day among ! cliffs came d[n at night to fe$ on ! delici\s fruit ( ! mamey-trees1 ( :i* ! liv+ ate b sp>+ly1 le/ ! s\ls ( _! fri5ds %\ld want4#adg ,secondly1 !re are ,au/ralians :o ?9k t ! _s ( ! dead hov]s a:ile on e>? & goes at la/ t[>d ! sett+ sun1 or we/w>d ov] ! sea to ! isl& ( s\ls1 ! home ( 8 fa!rs4 ,?us ^! rude/ savages h develop$ two ?\ghts :i* we meet ) aga9 & aga9 f> onw>d 9 ! c\rse ( culture--! ?\ght ( an isl& ( ! dead1 & ! ?\ght t ! _w ( dep>t$ s\ls is 9 ! ,we/1 :i!r ! ,sun desc5ds at ev5+ to 8 daily dea?4#adh ,among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 :5 once ^u a "t an ,algonqu9 hunt] left 8 body beh9d & visit$ ! l& ( s\ls 9 ! sunny s\?1 he saw be=e him beautiful trees & plants1 b f\nd he c\ld walk "r ?r\gh !m4 ,!n he paddl$ 9 ! canoe ( :ite %9+ /one across ! lake :]e wick$ s\ls p]i% 9 ! /orm1 till he rea*$ ! beautiful & happy isl& :]e !re is no cold1 no w>1 no blood%$1 b ! creatures run happily ab\t1 n\ri%$ by ! air !y brea!4#adi ,tongan leg5d says t1 long ago1 a canoe return+ f ,fiji 0 driv5 by /ress ( wea!r to ,bolotu1 ! isl& ( gods & s\ls ly+ 9 ! ocean nor?-we/ ( ,tonga4 ,t isl& is l>g] ?an all !irs toge!r1 full ( all f9e/ fruits & lovelie/ fl[]s1 t fill ! air ) fragrance1 & come anew ! mom5t !y are pluck$2 birds ( beaute\s plumage are !re1 & hogs 9 pl5ty1 all immortal save :5 kill$ = ! gods to eat1 & !n new liv+ ones appe> imm$iately to fill _! places4 ,b :5 ! hungry crew ( ! canoe l&$1 !y tri$ 9 va9 to pluck ! %ad[y bread-fruit1 !y walk$ ?r\gh unresi/+ trees & h\ses1 ev5 z ! s\ls ( *iefs :o met !m walk$ un*eck$ ?r\gh _! solid bodies4 ,c\nsell$ to ha/5 home f ?is l& ( no e>?ly food1 ! m5 sail$ to ,tonga1 b ! deadly air ( ,bolotu _h infect$ !m1 & !y soon all di$4#aej ,su* ideas took /rong hold on classic ?\ght1 9 ! belief 9 a p>adise 9 ! ,=tunate ,isl&s ( ! f> ,we/]n ,ocean4 ,hesiod 9 ! #8,works & ,days' tells ( ! half-gods ( ! ,f\r? ,age1 betwe5 ! ,age ( ,bronze & ! ,age ( ,iron4 ,:5 dea? clos$ on ?is h]oic race1 ,zeus grant$ !m at ! ends ( ,e>? a life & home1 ap>t f man & f> f ! immortals4 ,!re ,kronos reigns ov] !m1 & !y dwell c>eless 9 ! ,isl&s ( ! ,happy1 beside deep-eddy+ ,ocean--ble/ h]oes1 = :om ! gra9-giv+ field be>s1 ?rice bloom+ ye>ly1 ! honey-sweet fruit3-- #8' ' 1 ' ' 1 1 4'#aea ,^! ,isl&s ( ! ,ble/1 assign$ z ! abode ( bless$ spirits ( ! dead1 came inde$ to be id5tifi$ ) ! ,elysian ,fields4 ,?us ,p9d> s+s ( /eadfa/ s\ls1 :o ?r\gh ?ree lives on ei!r side h endur$ free f inju/ice2 !n !y pass by ! road ( ,zeus to ! t[] ( ,kronos1 :]e ! ocean breezes bl[ r\nd ! isl&s ( ! happy1 blaz+ ) gold5 fl[]s ( l& & wat]4 ,?us1 also1 9 ! fam\s hymn ( ,kalli/ratos 9 hon\r ( ,h>modios & ,ari/ogeiton1 :o slew ! tyrant ,hipp>*os3-- #8' 1 ' 1 1 4'#aeb ,?is gr\p ( leg5ds has especial int]e/ to u ,engli%m51 :o ourselves dwell1 x seems1 on su* an isl& ( ! dead4 ,x is n t we or our c\ntry are ( a m gho/ly nature ?an o!rs1 b ! idea is geographical we are dwell]s 9 ! region ( ! sett+ sun1 ! l& ( dea?4 ,! elaborate acc\nt by ,procopius1 ! hi/orian ( ! ,go?ic ,w>1 dates f ! #f? c5tury4 ,! isl& ( ,brittia1 accord+ to him1 lies opposite ! m\?s ( ! ,rh9e1 "s #bjj /adia (f1 betwe5 ,britannia & ,?ule1 & on x dwell ?ree popul\s nations1 ! ,angles1 ,frisians1 & ,britons4 7,by ,brittia1 x appe>s1 he means our ,great ,brita91 8 ,britannia be+ ! coa/-l& f mod]n ,brittany to ,holl&1 & 8 ,?ule be+ ,sc&9avia47 ,9 ! c\rse ( 8 hi/ory x seems to him ne$ful to record a /ory1 my?ic & dreamlike z he ?9ks1 yet :i* numb]less m5 v\* = z hav+ be5 !mselves witnesses by eye & e> to its facts4 ,?is /ory is t ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ are convey$ across ! sea to ! isl& ( ,brittia4 ,along ! ma9l& coa/ are _m villages1 inhabit$ by fi%]m5 & till]s ( ! soil & trad]s to ?is isl& 9 _! vessels4 ,!y are subject to ! ,franks1 b pay no tribute1 hav+ f ( old _h to d by turns ! burd5some s]vice ( transport+ ! s\ls4 ,^? on duty = ea* night /ay at home till !y he> a knock+ at ! doors1 & a voice ( "o unse5 call+ !m to _! "w4 ,!n )\t delay ris+ f _! b$s1 compell$ by "s unkn[n p[] !y g d[n to ! bea*1 & !re !y see boats1 n _! own b o!rs1 ly+ ready b empty ( m54 ,go+ on bo>d & tak+ ! o>s1 !y f9d t by ! burd5 ( ! multitude ( s\ls emb>k$1 ! vessel lies l[ 9 ! wat]1 gunwale "u )9 a f+]'s bread?4 ,9 an h\r !y are at ! opposite %ore1 ?\gh 9 _! own boats !y w\ld h>dly make ! voyage 9 a night & day4 ,:5 !y rea* ! isl&1 ! vessel becomes empty1 till x is s light t only ! keel t\*es ! waves4 ,!y see no man on ! voyage1 no man at ! l&+1 b a voice is he>d t proclaims ! "n & rank & p>5tage ( ea* newly arriv$ pass5g]1 or if wom51 ^? ( _! husb&s4 ,traces ( ?is rem>kable leg5d seem to h surviv$1 ?irte5 c5turies lat]1 9 t endmo/ di/rict ( ! ,britannia ( ,procopius :i* /ill keeps ! "n ( ,bretagne4 ,ne> ,raz1 :]e ! n>r[ promontory /ret*es we/w>d into ! ocean1 is ! #8,bay ( ,s\ls' 7bo ann anavo72 9 ! commune ( ,pl\guel ! corpse is tak5 to ! *ur*y>d1 n by ! %ort] road by l&1 b 9 a boat by ! #8,passage de l',enf]1' across a little arm ( ! sea2 & ,breton folk-lore holds fa/ to ! leg5d ( ! ,cur de ,brasp>1 ^: dog leads ov] to ,great ,brita9 ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$1 :5 ! :eels ( ! s\l-c> are he>d creak+ 9 ! air4 ,^! are b mutilat$ fragm5ts1 b !y seem to piece toge!r ) ano!r ,keltic my?1 told by ,macph]son 9 ! la/ c5tury1 ! voyage ( ! boat ( h]oes to ,fla?-,innis1 ,noble ,isl&1 ! gre5 isl& home ( ! dep>t$1 :i* lies calm amid ! /orms f> 9 ! ,we/]n ,ocean4 ,) full reason1 also1 ,mr4 ,wright traces to ! situation ( ,irel& 9 ! extreme ,we/ its especial association ) leg5ds ( desc5ts to ! l& ( %ades4 ,claudian plac$ at ! extremity ( ,gaul ! entrance :]e ,ulysses f\nd a way to ,hades-- #8,e/ locus extremum qua p&it ,gallia litus1 ,oceani prt5tus aquis1 ubi f]tur ,ulysses1' c4 ,no wond] t ?is spot %\ld h be5 s9ce id5tifi$ ) ,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory1 & t "s +5i\s etymologi/ %\ld h f\nd 9 ! "n ( #8,ul/]' a corruption ( #8,ulyssi/]ra1' & a commemoration ( ! h]o's visit4#aec ,?irdly1 ! belief 9 a subt]ranean ,hades peopl$ by ! gho/s ( ! dead is q common among ! l[] races4 ,! e>? is flat1 say ! ,italm5 ( ,kam*atka1 = if x 7 r\nd1 p w\ld fall (f2 x is ! wrong side ( ano!r heav51 :i* cov]s ano!r e>? bel[1 :i!r ! dead w g d[n to _! new life1 & s1 z ,/ell] says1 _! mundane sy/em is l a tub ) ?ree bottoms4#aed ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ! ,tacullis held t ! s\l goes aft] dea? into ! b[els ( ! e>?1 :5ce x c come back 9 human %ape to visit fri5ds4#aee ,9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 ,brazilian s\ls travel d[n to ! _w bel[ 9 ! ,we/1 & ,patagonian s\ls w dep>t to enjoy et]nal drunk5ness 9 ! caves ( _! ance/ral deities4#aef ,! ,new ,zeal&] :o says #8,! sun has return$ to ,hades' 7kua hoki mai te ,ra ki te ,rua71 simply means t x has set4 ,:5 a ,samoan ,isl&] dies1 ! ho/ ( spirits t surr\nd ! h\se1 wait+ to convey 8 s\l away1 set out ) him cross+ ! l& & swimm+ ! sea1 to ! entrance ( ! _s-_w4 ,?is is at ! we/]nmo/ po9t ( ! we/]nmo/ isl&1 ,savaii1 & !re "o may see ! two circul> holes or bas9s :]e s\ls desc5d1 *iefs by ! bigg] & plebeians by ! small]1 into ! regions ( ! "u-_w4 ,!re bel[ is a heav51 e>?1 & sea1 & p ) real bodies1 plant+1 fi%+1 cook+1 z 9 ! pres5t life2 b at night _! bodies become l a confus$ collection ( fi]y sp>ks1 & 9 ?is /ate dur+ ! h\rs ( d>kness !y come up to revisit _! =m] abodes1 retir+ at dawn to ! bu% or to ! l[] regions4#aeg ,= ! /ate ( ?\ght on ?is subject among rude ,african tribes1 x is en\gh to cite ! ,zulus1 :o at dea? w desc5d to live 9 ,hades among _! ance/ors1 ! #8,abapansi1' ! #8p und]gr\nd4'#aeh ,among rude ,asiatic tribes1 su* an example may be tak5 f ! ,k>5s4 ,!y are n q agre$ :]e ,plu1 ! l& ( ! dead1 is situate2 x may be above ! e>? or beyond ! horizon4 ,b ! dom9ant & seem+ly indig5\s op9ion is t x is bel[ ! e>?4 ,:5 ! sun sets on e>?1 x rises 9 ! ,k>5 ,hades1 & :5 x sets 9 ,hades x rises 9 ?is _w4 ,"h1 aga91 ! famili> belief ( ! ,european peasant is f\nd2 ! spirits ( ! dead may come up f ! l& ( %ades by night1 b at daybreak mu/ return4#aei ,su* ideas1 develop$ by uncultur$ races1 may be foll[$ up 9 v>i\s detail1 ?r\gh ! /age ( religion repres5t$ by ! ,mexican & ,p]uvian nations1#afj into high] ranges ( culture4 ,! ,roman ,orcus 0 9 ! b[els ( ! e>?1 & :5 ! #8lapis manalis1' ! /one t clos$ ! m\? ( ! _w bel[1 0 mov$ away on c]ta9 solemn days1 ! gho/s ( ! dead came up to ! _w above1 & p>took ( ! (f]+s ( _! fri5ds4#afa ,among ! ,greeks1 ! ,l& ( ,hades 0 9 ! _w bel[1 nor 0 ! ?\ght unkn[n t x 0 ! sunset realm ( ! ,we/]n god 7 74 ,:at ,hades seem$ l to ! popul> m9d1 ,lucian ?us describes3--#8,! great cr[d1 inde$1 :om ! wise call 8idiots10 believ+ ,hom] & ,hesiod1 & ! o!r my?-mak]s ab\t ^! ?+s1 & sett+ up _! poetry z a law1 h suppos$ a c]ta9 deep place "u ! e>?1 ,hades1 & t x is va/1 & roomy1 & gloomy1 & sunless1 & h[ ?\ght to be light$ up s z to behold e "o )91 ,i "k n4'#afb ,9 ! anci5t ,egyptian doctr9e ( ! future life1 modell$ on sol> my?1 ! region ( ! dep>t$ comb9es ! "u-_w & ! we/1 ,am5ti2 ! dead passes ! gate ( ! sett+ sun to trav]se ! roads ( d>kness1 & behold 8 fa!r ,osiris2 & ) ?is sol> ?\ght ! ,egyptian prie/s1 repres5t+ 9 symbolic c]emony ! sc5es ( ! o!r _w1 c>ri$ ! corpse 9 ! sacr$ boat across to ! burial-place1 on ! we/]n side ( ! sacr$ lake4#afc ,s1 too1 ! cav]n\s ,%eol ( ! ,israelites1 ! %ad[y region ( dep>t$ s\ls1 lay deep bel[ ! e>?4 ,?r\gh ! great ,aryan religi\s sy/ems1 ,brahmanism1 ,z>a?u/rism1 ,buddhism1 & onw>d into ! range ( ,islam & ( ,*ri/ianity1 subt]ranean hells ( purgatory or puni%m5t make ! doleful contra/ to heav5s ( light & glory4 ,x is1 h[ev]1 a po9t wor?y ( special notice t ! conception ( hell z a fi]y abyss1 s famili> to ! religions ( ! high] civilization1 is all b unkn[n to savage ?\ght1 s mu* s t if met )1 its g5u95ess is d\btful4 ,capta9 ,john ,smi?'s #8,hi/ory ( ,virg9ia1' publi%$ 9 #afbd1 conta9s two diff]5t acc\nts ( ! ,indians' doctr9e ( a future life4 ,smi?'s own description is ( a l& beyond ! m\nta9s1 t[>d sunset1 :]e *iefs & m$ic9e-m5 9 pa9t & fea!rs %all smoke1 & s+1 & dance ) _! =efa!rs1 :ile ! common p h no life aft] dea?1 b rot 9 _! graves4 ,h]iot's description is ( tab]nacles ( ! gods to :i* ! good are tak5 up to p]petual happ9ess1 :ile ! wick$ are c>ri$ to #8,popogusso1' a great pit :i* !y ?9k to be at ! fur!/ p>ts ( ! _w :]e ! sun sets1 & !re burn cont9ually4#afd ,n[ kn[+ s mu* z we d ( ! religion ( ! ,algonqu9s1 to :om ^! ,virg9ians belong$1 we may judge t :ile ! fir/ acc\nt is g5u9ely native1 ?\gh p]haps n q correctly und]/ood1 ! second 0 borr[$ by ! ,indians f ! :ite m5 !mselves4 ,yet ev5 "h ! t\* ( sol> my? is manife/1 & ! description ( ! fi]y abyss 9 ! region ( sunset may be comp>$ ) "o f our own c\ntry1 9 ! ,anglo-,saxon dialogue ( ,saturn & ,solomon4 #8,saga me =hwan by? seo sunne read on f58 ,ic ! secge1 =?on heo loca? on helle4--,tell me1 :y is ! sun r$ at ev58 ,i tell !e1 because %e looke? on hell4'#afe ,to ! same belief belongs ano!r /rik+ my?ic feature4 ,! idea ( volcanos be+ m\?s ( ! "u-_w seems n unexampl$ among ! l[] races1 = we he> ( c]ta9 ,new ,zeal&]s ca/+ _! dead d[n into a crat]4#aff ,b 9 connexion ) ! ?\ght ( a geh5na ( fire & brim/one1 ,vesuvius1 ,etna1 & ,hecla _h spiritual z well z mat]ial t]rors to ! m9d ( ,*ri/5dom1 = !y 7 believ$ to be places ( purgatory or ! v m\?s ( ! pit :]e ! s\ls ( ! damn$ 7 ca/ d[n4#afg ,! ,indians ( ,nic>agua us$ 9 old times to (f] human sacrifices to _! volcano ,masaya1 fl++ ! corpses into ! crat]1 & 9 lat] ye>s1 aft] ! conv]sion ( ! c\ntry1 we he> ( ,*ri/ian confessors s5d+ _! p5it5ts to climb ! m\nta91 & 7z a glimpse ( hell7 to look d[n ^u ! molt5 lava4#afh ,f\r?ly1 9 old times & new1 x has come into m5's m9ds to fix ^u ! sun & moon z abodes ( dep>t$ s\ls4 ,:5 we h le>nt f ! rude ,nat*ez ( ! ,mississippi & ! ,apala*es ( ,florida t ! sun is ! bright dwell+ ( dep>t$ *iefs & braves1 & h trac$ l ?\ghts on into ! !ologies ( ,mexico & ,p]u1 !n we may comp>e ^! savage doctr9es ) ,isaac ,taylor's +5i\s supposition 9 8 #8,physical ,!ory ( ,ano!r ,life1'--! sun ( ea* planet>y sy/em is ! h\se ( ! high] & ultimate spiritual corporeity1 & ! c5tre ( assembly to ^? :o h pass$ on ! planets _! prelim9>y era ( corruptible organization4 ,or p]haps "s may pref] ! ,rev4 ,tobias ,sw9d5's book1 publi%$ 9 ! la/ c5tury1 & translat$ into ,fr5* & ,g]man1 :i* prov$ ! sun to be hell1 & its d>k spots ga!r+s ( damn$ s\ls4#afi ,& :5 9 ,s\? ,am]ica ! ,saliva ,indians h po9t$ out ! moon1 _! p>adise :]e no mosquitos are1 & ! ,guaycurus h %[n x z ! home ( *iefs & m$ic9e-m5 deceas$1 & ! ,polynesians ( ,tokelau 9 l mann] h claim$ x z ! abode ( dep>t$ k+s & *iefs1 !n ^! pleasant fancies may be comp>$ ) ,plut>*'s description ( ! virtu\s s\ls :o aft] purification 9 ! middle space ga9 _! foot+ on ! moon1 & !re are cr[n$ z victors4#agj ,! conv]se notion ( ! moon z ! seat ( hell1 has be5 elaborat$ 9 pr(\nde/ ba?os by ,mr4 ,m4 ,f4 ,tupp]3 #8,i "k !e well1 ,o ,moon1 ?\ cav]n'd realm1 ,sad ,satellite1 ?\ giant a% ( dea?1 ,blot on ,god's firmam5t1 pale home ( crime1 ,sc>r'd prison-h\se ( s91 :]e damn$ s\ls ,fe$ ^u puni%m5t4 ,oh1 ?\ght sublime1 ,t amid night's black de$s1 :5 evil pr[ls ,?r\gh ! broad _w1 ?\1 wat*+ s9n]s well1 ,gl>e/ o'er all1 ! wakeful eye (--,hell6' ,sk9 = sk91 ! br[n savage is n ill mat*$ 9 su* speculative lore ) ! :ite philosoph]4 ,fif?ly1 z ,p>adise on ! face ( ! e>?1 & ,hades b5ea? x :]e ! sun goes d[n1 are regions ^: exi/5ce is ass]t$ or n d5i$ by savage & b>b>ic sci5ce1 s x is ) ,heav54 ,among ! examples :i* display = u ! real c\rse ( k among mank9d1 & ! real relation :i* primitive be>s to lat] culture1 ! belief 9 ! exi/5ce ( a firmam5t is "o ( ! mo/ in/ructive4 ,x arises naturally 9 ! m9ds ( *ildr5 /ill1 & 9 accordance ) ! simple/ *ildlike ?\ght1 ! cosmologies ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians#aga & ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&]s#agb describe _! flat e>? ar*$ ov] by ! solid vault ( heav54 ,l ?\ghts are to be trac$ on ?r\gh su* details z ! ,zulu idea t ! blue heav5 is a rock encircl+ ! e>?1 inside :i* are ! sun1 moon1 & />s1 & outside :i* dwell ! p ( heav52 ! mod]n negro's belief t !re is a firmam5t /ret*$ above l a clo? or web2 ! ,f9ni% poem :i* tells h[ ,ilm>95 =g$ ! firmam5t ( f9e/ /eel1 & set 9 x ! moon & />s4#agc ,! ,new ,zeal&]1 ) 8 notion ( a solid firmam5t1 ?r\gh :i* ! wat]s c be let d[n on e>? ?r\gh a crack or hole f ! res]voir ( ra9 above1 c\ld well expla9 ! passage 9 ,h]odotus conc]n+ t place 9 ,nor? ,africa :]e1 z ! ,libyans said1 ! sky is pi]c$1 z well z ! anci5t ,jewi% conception ( a firmam5t ( heav51 #8/rong z a molt5 mirror1' ) its w9d[s ?r\gh :i* ! ra9 p\rs d[n 9 deluge f ! res]voirs above1 w9d[s :i* late ,rabb9ical lit]ature tells u 7 made by tak+ out two />s4#agd ,9 nations :]e ! !ory ( ! firmam5t prevails1 acc\nts ( bodily j\rneys or spiritual asc5ts to heav5 are 9 g5]al meant n z figure1 b z fact4 ,among ! l[] races1 ! t5d5cy to localize ! region ( dep>t$ s\ls above ! sky seems less /rong ?an t :i* leads !m to place _! _w ( ! dead on or bel[ ! e>?'s surface4 ,yet "s well-m>k$ descriptions ( a savage ,heav5 are on record1 ! foll[+1 & o!rs to be cit$ pres5tly4 ,ev5 "s ,au/ralians seem to ?9k ( go+ up to ! cl\ds at dea?1 to eat & dr9k1 & hunt & fi% z "h4#age ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ! ,w9nebagos plac$ _! p>adise 9 ! sky1 :]e s\ls travel along t #8,pa? ( ! ,dead' :i* we call ! ,milky ,way2 & work+ out ! ev]-recurr+ sol> idea1 ! mod]n ,iroquois speak ( ! s\l go+ upw>d & we/w>d1 till x comes out on ! beaute\s pla9s ( heav51 ) p & trees & ?+s z on e>?4#agf ,9 ,s\? ,am]ica ! ,gu>ayos1 repres5tatives 9 "s sort ( ! pa/ condition ( ! ,gu>ani race1 wor%ip ,tamoi ! ,gr&fa!r1 ! ,anci5t ( ,heav52 he 0 _! fir/ ance/or1 :o liv$ among !m 9 old days & taught !m to till ! gr\nd2 !n ris+ to heav5 9 ! ,ea/ he disappe>$1 hav+ promis$ to be ! help] ( 8 p on e>?1 & to transport !m1 :5 !y di$1 f ! top ( a sacr$ tree into ano!r life1 :]e !y %all f9d _! k9dr$ & h hunt+ 9 pl5ty1 & possess all t !y possess$ on e>?2 !re=e x is t ! ,gu>ayos adorn _! dead1 & burn _! weapons = !m1 & bury !m ) _! faces to ! ,ea/1 :i!r !y are to g4#agg ,among ,am]ican peoples ^: culture rose to a high] level ?an t ( ^! savage tribes1 we he> ( ! ,p]uvian ,heav51 ! glori\s #8,upp] ,_w1' & ( ! tempor>y abode ( ,aztec w>riors on heav5ly wood$ pla9s1 :]e ! sun %9es :5 x is night on e>?1 :]e=e x 0 a ,mexican say+ t ! sun goes at ev5+ to light5 ! dead4#agh ,:at ?\ghts ( heav5 7 9 ! m9ds ( ! old ,aryan poets1 ?is hymn f ! ,rig-,v$a may %[3-- #8,:]e !re is et]nal light1 9 ! _w :]e ! sun is plac$1 9 t immortal imp]i%able _w place me1 ,o ,soma6 ,:]e k+ ,vaivasvata reigns1 :]e ! secret place ( heav5 is1 :]e ^! mighty wat]s are1 !re make me immortal6 ,:]e life is free1 9 ! ?ird heav5 ( heav5s1 :]e ! worlds are radiant1 !re make me immortal6 ,:]e wi%es & desires are1 :]e ! place ( ! bright sun is1 :]e !re is fre$om & delight1 !re make me immortal6 ,:]e !re is happ9ess & delight1 :]e joy & pleasure reside1 :]e ! desires ( our desire are atta9$1 !re make me immortal6'#agi ,9 su* bright vague ?\ghts f ! poet's religion ( nature1 or 9 cosmic s*emes ( anci5t a/ronomy1 ) _! artificial glories ( b>b>ic ar*itecture exagg]at$ 9 ! skies1 or 9 ! raptures ( my/ic vision1 or 9 ! calm] tea*+ ( ! !ologic doctr9e ( a future life1 descriptions ( realms ( bless$ s\ls 9 heav5 are to be foll[$ ?r\gh ! religions ( ! ,brahman1 ! ,buddhi/1 ! ,p>si1 ! lat] ,jew1 ! ,moslem1 & ! ,*ri/ian4 ,= ! object1 n ( writ+ a h&book ( religions1 b ( trac+ ! relation :i* ! religion ( savages be>s to ! religion ( cultur$ nations1 ^! details are en\gh to %[ ! g5]al l9e ( human ?\ght reg>d+ ! local habitations ( dep>t$ s\ls4 ,x seems pla9 f ! mo/ cursory inspection ( ^! v>i\s localizations1 h[ev] mu* we may consid] !m z inh]it$ or transmitt$ f p to p 9 ! complex movem5ts ( !ological hi/ory1 t !y are at any rate n d]iv$ f any s+le religion accept$ among anci5t or primval m54 ,!y be> evid5t traces ( indep5d5t work+ out 9 ! v>i$ def9ition ( ! region ( s\ls1 z on e>? among m51 on e>? 9 "s di/ant c\ntry1 bel[ ! e>?1 above or beyond ! sky4 ,simil> ideas ( ?is k9d are f\nd 9 diff]5t l&s1 b ?is simil>ity seems 9 l>ge measure due to indep5d5t recurr5ce ( ?\ghts s obvi\s4 ,n less is indep5d5t fancy compatible ) ! ev]-recurr+ sol> my? 9 su* ideas1 plac+ ! l& ( ,dea? 9 ! l& ( ,ev5+ or ( ,night1 & its entrance at ! gates ( ,sunset4 ,b>b>ic poets ( _m a di/ant l& mu/ h gaz$ into ! ,we/ to read ! tale ( ,life & ,dea?1 & tell x ( ,man4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we look m closely into ! /ages ( intellectual hi/ory to :i* ^! !ories ( ! ,future ,_w belong1 x w appe> t ! assignm5t ( ! realm ( dep>t$ s\ls to ! ?ree great regions1 ,e>?1 ,hades1 ,heav51 has n be5 uni=m4 ,fir/ly1 ! doctr9e ( a l& ( s\ls on ,e>? belongs widely & deeply to savage culture1 b dw9dles 9 ! b>b>ic /age1 & survives b feebly into ! m$ival4 ,secondly1 ! doctr9e ( a subt]ranean ,hades holds z l>ge a place z ?is 9 savage belief1 & has held x firmly along ! c\rse ( high] religions1 :]e1 h[ev]1 ?is "u-_w is look$ on less & less z ! prop] abode ( ! dead1 b r z ! dismal place ( purgatory & hell4 ,la/ly1 ! doctr9e ( a ,heav51 floor$ ^u a firmam5t1 or plac$ 9 ! upp] air1 seems 9 e>ly savage belief less common ?an ! o!r two1 b yields to nei!r ( !m 9 its vigor\s ret5tion by ! ?\ght ( mod]n nations4 ,^! local !ories appe> to be tak51 fir/ly & mo/ly1 9 ! mo/ absolute lit]al s5se1 & al?\gh1 "u ! influ5ce ( physical sci5ce1 mu* t 0 once di/9ctly-meant philosophy has n[ pass$ among !ologians into imag]y & metaphor1 yet at l[ levels ( k ! new canons ( int]pretation f9d little acceptance1 & ev5 9 mod]n ,europe ! rude cosmology ( ! l[] races 9 no small measure reta9s its place4 ,turn+ n[ to consid] ! /ate ( ! dep>t$ 9 ^! _! new homes1 we h to exam9e ! def9itions ( ! ,future ,life :i* prevail ?r\gh ! religions ( mank9d4 ,9 ^! doctr9es !re is mu* simil>ity caus$ by ! spread+ ( e/abli%$ beliefs into new c\ntries1 & also mu* simil>ity t is beyond :at su* transmission c acc\nt =4 ,s !re is mu* v>iety due to local col\r & circum/ance1 & also mu* v>iety beyond ! rea* ( su* explanation4 ,! ma9 causes ( bo? simil>ity & v>iety seem to lie f> deep]1 9 ! v orig9 & inmo/ mean+ ( ! doctr9es4 ,! details ( ! future life1 among ! l[] races & upw>ds1 are no het]og5e\s mass ( arbitr>y fancies4 ,classifi$1 !y range !mselves naturally r\nd c5tral ideas1 9 gr\ps ^: correspond5ce seems to indicate ! special c\rse ( _! developm5t4 ,among/ ! pictures into :i* ?is _w has %ap$ its expectations ( ! next1 two great conceptions are especially to be disc]n$4 ,! "o is t ! future life is1 z x 71 a reflexion ( ?is2 9 a new _w1 p]haps ( dreamy beauty1 p]haps ( gho/ly gloom1 m5 are to reta9 _! e>?ly =ms & _! e>?ly conditions1 to h ar\nd !m _! e>?ly fri5ds1 to possess _! e>?ly prop]ty1 to c>ry on _! e>?ly occupations4 ,! o!r is t ! future life is a comp5sation = ?is1 :]e m5's conditions are re-allott$ z ! consequ5ce1 & especially z ! rew>d or puni%m5t1 ( _! e>?ly life4 ,! fir/ ( ^! two ideas we may call 7) ,capta9 ,burton7 ! #8cont9uance-!ory1' contra/+ ) x ! second z ! #8retribution-!ory4' ,sep>ately or comb9$1 ^! two doctr9es are ! keys ( ! subject1 & by gr\p+ typical examples "u _! two head+s1 x w be possible to survey sy/ematically man's mo/ *>act]i/ic s*emes ( 8 life beyond ! grave4 ,to ! doctr9e ( ,cont9uance belongs especially ! savage view ( ! _s-l&1 t x is z ! dream-l& :]e ! s\ls ( ! liv+ s (t5 g to visit ! s\ls ( ! dead4 ,!re ! s\l ( ! dead ,k>51 ) ! s\ls ( 8 axe & cleav]1 builds 8 h\se & cuts 8 rice2 ! %ade ( ! ,algonqu9 hunt] hunts s\ls ( beav] & elk1 walk+ on ! s\ls ( 8 sn[-%oes ov] ! s\l ( ! sn[2 ! fur-wrapp$ ,kam*adal drives 8 dog-sl$ge2 ! ,zulu milks 8 c[s & drives 8 cattle to kraal2 ,s\? ,am]ican tribes live on1 :ole or mutilat$1 heal?y or sick1 z !y left ?is _w1 lead+ _! old lives1 & hav+ _! wives ) !m aga91 ?\gh inde$1 z ! ,araucanians said1 !y h no m *ildr51 = !y are b s\ls4#ahj ,s\l-l& is dream-l& 9 its %ad[y unreal pictures1 = :i*1 nev]!less1 mat]ial reality s pla9ly furni%$ ! models1 & x is dream-l& also 9 its vivid idealization ( ! sob]] ?\ghts & feel+s ( wak+ life4 #8,!re 0 a "t :5 mead[1 grove1 & /ream1 ,! e>?1 & e common sight1 ,to me did seem ,app>ell'd 9 cele/ial light1 ,! glory & ! fre%ness ( a dream4' ,well might ! ,mohawk ,indian describe ! good l& ( p>adise1 z he _h se5 x 9 a dream4 ,! %ade ( ! ,ojibwa foll[s a wide & beat5 pa? t leads t[>d ! ,we/1 he crosses a deep & rapid wat]1 & rea*+ a c\ntry full ( game & all ?+s ! ,indian covets1 he jo9s 8 k9dr$ 9 _! long lodge4#aha ,s1 on ! s\!rn cont95t1 ! ,bolivian ,yurac>s w g1 all ( !m1 to a future life :]e !re w be pl5ty ( hunt+1 & ,brazilian =e/-tribes w f9d a pleasant =e/ full ( calaba%-trees & game1 :]e ! s\ls ( ! dead w live happily 9 company4#ahb ,! ,gre5l&]s hop$ t _! s\ls--pale1 s(t1 disembodi$ =ms :i* ! liv+ c\ld n grasp--w\ld lead a life bett] ?an t ( e>?1 & nev] ceas+4 ,x might be 9 heav51 rea*$ by ! ra9b[1 :]e ! s\ls pit* _! t5ts r\nd ! great lake ri* 9 fi% & f[l1 ! lake ^: wat]s above ! firmam5t ov]fl[+ make ra9 on e>?1 & if its banks broke1 !re w\ld be ano!r deluge4 ,b ga9+ ! mo/ & be/ ( _! liv+ f ! dep?s ( ! sea1 !y 7 also apt to ?9k ! l& ( ,torng>suk to be bel[ ! sea or e>?1 & to be ent]$ by ! deep holes 9 ! rocks4 ,p]petual summ] is !re1 ev] beaute\s sun%9e1 & no night1 good wat] & sup]fluity ( birds & fi%1 seals & re9de] to be caught )\t difficulty1 or f\nd alive see?+ 9 a great kettle4#ahc ,9 ! ,kimbunda c\ntry ( ,s\?-,we/ ,africa1 s\ls live on 9 #8,kalunga1' ! _w :]e x is day :5 x is night "h2 & ) pl5ty ( food & dr9k1 & wom5 to s]ve !m1 & hunt+ & danc+ = pa/ime1 !y lead a life :i* seems a correct$ edition ( ?is4#ahd ,on comp>ison ( ^! pictures ( ! future life ) su* z h express$ ! long+s ( m cultur$ nations1 !re appe> inde$ diff]5t details1 b ! pr9ciple is ev] ! same--! idealization ( e>?ly good4 ,! ,norseman's ideal is sket*$ 9 ! few broad t\*es :i* %[ him 9 ,walhalla1 :]e he & ! o!r w>riors )\t numb] ride =? array$ ea* morn+ & hew ea* o!r on ,od9's pla91 till ! sla9 h be5 #8*os5' z 9 e>?ly battle1 & meal-tide comes1 & slay]s & sla9 m\nt & ride home to fea/ on ! ev]la/+ bo>1 & dr9k mead & ale ) ! sir4#ahe ,to und]/& ! ,moslem's m9d1 we mu/ read ! two *apt]s ( ! ,koran :]e ! ,prophet describes ! fai?ful 9 ! g>d5 ( delights1 recl9+ on _! c\*es ( gold & gems1 s]v$ by *ildr5 ev] "y1 ) b[ls ( liquor ^: fumes w n rise into ! dr9k]s' heads1 liv+ among ! ?ornless lotus-trees & date-palms load$ to ! gr\nd1 fea/+ on ! fruits !y love & ! meat ( ! r>e/ birds1 ) ! h\ris ne> !m ) beautiful black eyes1 l pe>ls 9 ! %ell1 :]e no idle or wick$ spee* is he>d1 b only ! words #8,peace1 ,peace4' #8,!y :o fe> ! judgm5t ( ,god %all h two g>d5s4 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8 ,adorn$ ) groves4 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8 ,9 ea* ( !m %all spr+ two f\nta9s4 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8 ,9 ea* ( !m %all gr[ two k9ds ( fruits4 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8 ,!y %all lie on c>pets brocad$ ) silk & embroid]$ ) gold2 ! fruits ( ! two g>d5s %all be ne>1 easy to pluck4 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8 ,!re %all be "y virg9s ) mode/ looks1 unpr(an$ by man or j9n4 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8 ,!y are l jac9? & coral4 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8 ,:at is ! recomp5ce ( good1 if n good8 ,:i* ( ! b5efits ( ,god w ye d5y8' c4#ahf ,) ^! descriptions ( ,p>adise idealiz$ on secul> life1 x is int]e/+ to comp>e o!rs :i* be> ! impress ( a prie/ly ca/e1 devis+ a heav5 aft] _! mann]4 ,we c almo/ see ! faces ( ! ,jewi% rabbis settl+ _! op9ions ab\t ! high s*ools 9 ! firmam5t ( heav51 :]e ,rabbi ,simeon b5 ,yo*ai & ! great ,rabbi ,eliez] tea* ,law & ,talmud z !y taught :5 !y 7 "h bel[1 & ma/]s & le>n]s g pros+ on ) ! we>y old disputations ( cross "q & crook$ answ] t pleas$ _! s\ls on e>?4#ahg ,nor less sugge/ively d ! ,buddhi/ heav5s reflect ! m9ds ( ! ascetics :o devis$ !m4 ,z 9 _! ?\ghts s5sual pleasure seem$ poor & despicable 9 comp>ison ) my/ic inw>d joy1 ris+ & ris+ till consci\sness fades 9 trance1 s1 above _! heav5s ( millions ( ye>s ( m]e div9e happ9ess1 !y rais$ o!r ranges ( heav5s :]e s5sual pa9 & pleasure cease1 & enjoym5t becomes intellectual1 till at a high] grade ev5 bodily =m is gone1 & aft] ! la/ heav5 ( #8,nei!r-consci\sness-nor-unconsci\sness ' !re foll[s ,nirwna1 z ec/asy passes into swoon4#ahh ,b ! doctr9e ( ! cont9uance ( ! s\l's life has ano!r & a gloomi] side4 ,!re are conceptions ( an abode ( ! dead *>act]iz$ n s mu* by dream9ess z by gho/l9ess4 ,! realm ( %ades1 especially if x be a cav]n und]gr\nd1 has seem$ a dim & melan*oly place to ! dwell]s 9 ?is #8:ite _w1' z ! ,russian calls ! l& ( ! liv+4 ,"o description ( ! ,hurons tells h[ ! o!r _w1 ) its hunt+ & fi%+1 its mu*-priz$ hat*ets & robes & necklaces1 is l ?is _w1 yet day & night ! s\ls groan & lam5t4#ahi ,?us ! region ( ,mictlan1 ! subt]ranean l& ( ,hades :i!r ! g5]al mass ( ! ,mexican nation1 high & l[1 expect$ to desc5d f ! natural dea?-b$1 0 an abode look$ =w>d to ) resignation1 b sc>cely ) *e]fulness4 ,at ! fun]al ! survivors 7 bidd5 n to m\rn too mu*1 ! dead 0 rem9d$ t he _h pass$ & suff]$ ! lab\rs ( ?is life1 transitory z :5 "o w>ms himself 9 ! sun1 & he 0 bidd5 to h no c>e or anxiety to return to 8 k9sfolk n[ t he has dep>t$ = ev] & aye1 = 8 consolation mu/ be t !y too w end _! lab\rs1 & g :i!r he has gone be=e4#aij ,among ! ,basutos1 :]e ! belief 9 a future life 9 ,hades is g5]al1 "s imag9e 9 ?is und]world valleys ev] gre51 & h]ds ( hornless speckl$ cattle own$ by ! dead2 b x seems m g5]ally ?\ght t ! %ades w&] ab\t 9 sil5t calm1 exp]i5c+ nei!r joy nor sorr[4 ,moral retribution !re is none4#aia ,! ,hades ( ! ,we/ ,african seems no ec/atic p>adise1 to judge by ,capta9 ,burton's description3 #8,x 0 said ( ! old ,egyptians t !y liv$ r 9 ,hades ?an ^u ! banks ( ! ,nile4 ,! ,dahomans decl>e t ?is _w is man's plantation1 ! next is 8 home1--a home :i*1 h[ev]1 no "o visits ( 8 own accord4 ,!y ( c\rse own no future /ate ( rew>ds & puni%m5t3 !re ! ,k+ w be a ,k+1 & ! slave a slave = ev]4 ,ku-to-m51 or ,deadman's l&1 ! ,dahoman's o!r b n bett] _w1 is a c\ntry ( gho/s1 ( umbr1 :o1 l ! spirits ( ! n9ete5? c5tury 9 ,europe1 lead a quiet life1 except :5 by means ( m$iums !y are drawn into ! draw+-rooms ( ! liv+4' ,) "s su* hopeless expectation ! neighb\rs ( ! ,dahomans1 ! ,yorubas1 judge ! life to come 9 _! simple prov]b t #8,a corn] 9 ?is _w is bett] ?an a corn] 9 ! _w ( spirits4'#aib ,! ,f9ns1 :o fe>$ ! gho/s ( ! dep>t$ z unk9d1 h>mful be+s1 fanci$ !m dwell+ ) _! bodies 9 ! grave1 or else1 ) :at ,ca/rn ?9ks a lat] philosophy1 assign$ !m _! dwell+ 9 ! subt]ranean ,tuonela4 ,tuonela 0 l ?is upp] e>?1 ! sun %one !re1 !re 0 no lack ( l& & wat]1 wood & field1 til? & mead[1 !re 7 be>s & wolves1 snakes & pike1 b all ?+s 7 ( a hurtful1 dismal k9d1 ! woods d>k & sw>m+ ) wild bea/s1 ! wat] black1 ! cornfields be>+ se$ ( snakes' tee?1 & !re /]n pitiless old ,tuoni1 & 8 grim wife & son ) ! hook$ f+]s ) iron po9ts1 kept wat* & w>d ov] ! dead le/ !y %\ld escape4#aic ,sc>ce less dismal 0 ! classic ideal ( ! d>k realm bel[1 :i!r ! %ades ( ! dead mu/ g to jo9 ! _m gone be=e 7 2 p5etr>e ad plures2 &>e tra i pi74 ,! ,roman ,orcus holds ! pallid s\ls1 rapaci\s ,orcus1 sp>+ nei!r good nor bad4 ,gloomy is ! ,greek l& ( ,hades1 d>k dwell+ ( ! images ( dep>t$ mortals1 :]e ! %ades c>ry at once _! liv+ features & _! dy+ w\nds1 & glide & clu/] & :isp]1 & lead ! %ad[ ( a life4 ,l ! savage hunt] on 8 gho/ly prairie1 ! great ,orion /ill be>s 8 braz5 mace1 /ill *ases ov] ! mead[s ( asphodel ! fly+ bea/s he slew ( yore 9 ! lonely m\nta9s4 ,l ! rude ,african ( to-day1 ! swift-foot$ ,a*illes scorns su* poor1 ?91 %ad[y life2 r w\ld he s]ve a mean man ^u e>? ?an be "l ( all ! dead4 #8,truly1 ox5 & goodly %eep may be tak5 = booty1 ,tripods1 too1 may be b\ght1 & ! yell[ beauty ( horses2 ,b f ! f5ce ( ! tee? :5 once ! s\l is dep>t$1 ,nev] come? x back1 rega9$ by plund] or pur*ase4'#aid ,:]e & :at 0 ,%eol1 ! dwell+ ( ! anci5t ,jewi% dead8 ,( late ye>s ! ,biblical critic has no long] to dep5d on passages ( ! ,old ,te/am5t = realiz+ its conception1 s pla9ly is x connect$ ) ! sev5-circl$ ,irkalla ( ! ,babylonian-,assyrian religion1 ! gloomy subt]ranean abode :5ce !re is no return = man1 ?\gh inde$ ! goddess ,i/h> pass$ ?r\gh its sev5 gates1 & came back to e>? f h] err& ( sav+ all life f de/ruction4 ,9 ! hi/ory ( religions1 few passages are m in/ructive ?an ^? 9 :i* ! prophets ( ! ,old ,te/am5t recognize ! ance/ral connexion ( _! own belief ) ! national religions ( ,babylon-,assyria1 z unit$ 9 ! doctr9e ( a gloomy prison ( gho/s1 ?r\gh ^: gates ,jew & ,g5tile alike mu/ pass4 ,%eol 7 f 7 is1 z its "n implies1 a cav]n\s recess1 yet x is no m]e surface-grave or tomb1 b an "u-_w ( awful dep?3 #8,high z ,heav51 :at doe/ ?\8 deep] ?an ,%eol1 :at kn[e/ ?\8' ,as%ur & all h] company1 ,elam & all h] multitude1 ! mighty fall5 ( ! uncircumcis$1 lie !re4 ,! great k+ ( ,babylon mu/ g d[n3-- #8,%eol f b5ea? is mov$ because ( !e1 to meet !e at ?y com+3 ,he r\se? = !e ! mighty dead1 all ! great *iefs ( ! e>?2 ,he make? to rise up f _! ?rones1 all ! k+s ( ! nations4 ,all ( !m %all acco/ !e1 & %all say unto !e3 ,art ?\1 ev5 ?\ too1 became weak z we8 ,art ?\ made l unto u8' ,to ! ,greek ,septuag9t1 ,%eol 0 ,hades1 & = ?is ! ,coptic translators _h _! long-inh]it$ ,egyptian "n ( ,am5ti1 :ile ! ,vulgate r5d]s x z ,inf]nus1 ! l[] regions4 ,! ,go?ic ,ulfilas1 translat+ ! ,hades ( ! ,new ,te/am5t1 c\ld use ,halja 9 its old ,g]man s5se ( ! dim %ad[y home ( ! dead bel[ ! e>?2 & ! correspond+ ^w ,hell1 if ?is its e>li] s5se be borne 9 m9d1 fairly translates ,%eol & ,hades 9 ! ,engli% v]sion ( ! ,old & ,new ,te/am5t1 ?\gh ! ^w has become mislead+ to un$ucat$ e>s by be+ us$ also 9 ! s5se ( ,geh5na1 ! place ( torm5t4 ,! e>ly ,hebrew hi/orians & prophets1 hold+ out nei!r ! hope ( ev]la/+ glory nor ! fe> ( ev]la/+ agony z guid+ motives = man's pres5t life1 lay d[n little direct doctr9e ( a future /ate1 yet _! incid5tal m5tions ju/ify ! translators :o reg>d ,%eol z ,hades4 ,%eol is a special locality :]e dead m5 g to _! dead ance/ors3 #8,& ,isaac gave up ! gho/1 & di$1 & 0 ga!r$ unto 8 p 444 & 8 sons ,esau & ,jacob buri$ him4' ,abraham1 ?\gh n ev5 buri$ 9 ! l& ( 8 =efa!rs1 is ?us #8ga!r$ unto 8 p2' & ,jacob has no ?\ght ( 8 body be+ laid ) ,joseph's body1 torn by wild bea/s 9 ! wild]ness1 :5 he says1 #8,i %all g d[n to my son m\rn+ to ,%eol 7#8 ' 9 ! ,,lxx41 #8pest m5ti' 9 ! ,coptic1 #89 inf]num' 9 ! ,vulgate74 ,! rephaim1 ! #8%ades' ( ! dead1 :o dwell 9 ,%eol1 love n to be di/urb$ f _! re/ by ! necromanc]2 #8,& ,samuel said to ,saul1 :y ha/ ?\ disquiet$ me to br+ me up8' ,yet _! quiet is contra/$ 9 a tone ( sadness ) ! life on e>?2 #8,:atsoev] ?y h& f9de? to d1 d x ) ?y might2 = !re is no "w1 nor device1 nor k1 nor wisdom1 9 ,%eol1 :i!r ?\ goe/4'#aie ,su* ?\ghts ( ! life ( ! %ades bel[ did n disappe> :51 9 ! lat] ye>s ( ! ,jewi% nation1 ! great *ange 9 ! doctr9e ( ! future life pass$ 9 s l>ge a measure ov] ! ,hebrew m9d1 _! e>li] ?\ghts ( gho/ly cont9uance giv+ place to ! doctr9es ( resurrection & retribution4 ,! anci5t ideas h ev5 held _! place on into ,*ri/ian ?\ght1 9 pictures l t ( ! ,limbus ,patrum1 ! ,hades :]e ,*ri/ desc5d$ to set free ! patri>*s4 ,! ,retribution-!ory ( ! future life comprises 9 a g5]al way ! belief 9 diff]5t grades ( future happ9ess1 especially 9 diff]5t regions ( ! o!r _w allott$ to m5 accord+ to _! lives 9 ?is4 ,?is doctr9e ( retribution is1 z we h already se51 f> f univ]sal among mank9d1 _m races recogniz+ ! idea ( a _s outliv+ ! body1 )\t consid]+ ! fate ( ?is _s to dep5d at all ^u ! conduct ( ! liv+ man4 ,! doctr9e ( retribution inde$ h>dly seems an orig9al "p ( ! doctr9e ( ! future life4 ,on ! contr>y1 if we judge t m5 9 a primitive /ate ( culture arriv$ at ! notion ( a surviv+ _s1 & t "s races1 b by no means all1 aft]w>ds rea*$ ! fur!r /age ( recogniz+ a retribution = de$s done 9 ! body1 ?is !ory w n1 s f> z ,i "k1 be disc\nt5anc$ by facts4#aif ,ev5 among ! high] savages1 h[ev]1 a connexion betwe5 man's life & 8 happ9ess or mis]y aft] dea? is (t5 held z a def9ite article ( !ology1 & !nce x is to be trac$ onw>d ?r\gh b>b>ic religions1 & into ! v he>t ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,yet ! gr\nds ( good & evil 9 ! future life are s f> f uni=m among ! religions ( ! _w1 t !y may diff] widely )9 :at is consid]$ "o & ! same cre$4 ,! result is m def9ite ?an ! cause1 ! end ?an ! means4 ,m5 :o alike look =w>d to a region ( une>?ly happ9ess beyond ! grave1 hope to rea* t happy l& by roads s /rangely diff]5t1 t ! pa? ( life :i* leads "o nation to et]nal bliss may seem to ! next ! v desc5t into ! pit4 ,9 notic+ among savage & b>b>ic peoples ! qualifications :i* det]m9e future happ9ess1 we may ) "s di/9ctness def9e ^! z be+ excell5ce1 val\r1 social rank1 religi\s ord9ance4 ,on ! :ole1 h[ev]1 9 ! religions ( ! l[] range ( culture1 unless :]e !y may h be5 affect$ by contact ) high] religions1 ! de/9y ( ! man aft] dea? seems h>dly to turn on judicial rew>d or puni%m5t = 8 moral conduct 9 life4 ,su* diff]5ce z is made betwe5 ! future conditions ( diff]5t classes ( s\ls1 seems m (t5 to belong to a rem>kable int]m$iate doctr9e1 /&+ betwe5 ! e>li] cont9uance-!ory & ! lat] retribution-!ory4 ,! idea ( ! next life be+ simil> to ?is seems to h develop$ into ! idea t :at gives prosp]ity & r5[n "h w give x also !re1 s t e>?ly conditions c>ry on _! contra/s into ! *ang$ _w aft] dea?4 ,?us a man's condition aft] dea? w be a result (1 r ?an a comp5sation or retribution =1 8 condition dur+ life4 ,a comp>ison ( doctr9es held at v>i\s /ages ( culture may ju/ify a t5tative speculation z to _! actual sequ5ce 9 hi/ory1 fav\r+ ! op9ion t ?r\gh su* an int]m$iate /age ! doctr9e ( simple future exi/5ce 0 actually develop$ into ! doctr9e ( future rew>d & puni%m5t1 a transition :i* = deep import to human life has sc>cely its rival 9 ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,! effect ( e>?ly rank on ! future life1 z look$ at by ! l[] races1 br+s out ?is int]m$iate /age 9 bold relief4 ,m]e transf] f "o life to ano!r makes *iefs & slaves "h *iefs & slaves h]eaft]1 & ?is natural doctr9e is v usual4 ,b !re are cases 9 :i* e>?ly ca/e is exagg]at$ into utt] diff]5ce 9 ! life to come4 ,! a]ial p>adise ( ,raiatea1 ) its fragrant ev]-bloom+ fl[]s1 its ?rongs ( y\?s & girls all p]fection1 its luxuri\s fea/s & m]rymak+s1 7 = ! privileg$ ord]s ( ,areois & *iefs :o c\ld pay ! prie/s _! heavy *>ges1 b h>dly = ! common populace4 ,?is idea rea*$ its height 9 ! ,tonga isl&s1 :]e ari/ocratic s\ls w\ld pass to take _! e>?ly rank & /ation 9 ! isl& p>adise ( ,bolotu1 :ile plebeian s\ls1 if inde$ !y exi/$1 w\ld die ) ! plebeian bodies !y dwelt 94#aig ,9 ,vanc\v]'s ,isl&1 ! ,ahts fanci$ ,quawteaht's calm sunny pl5te\s l& 9 ! sky z ! re/+-place ( high *iefs1 :o live 9 "o great h\se z ! ,creator's gue/s1 :ile ! sla9 9 battle h ano!r to !mselves4 ,b o!rwise all ,indians ( l[ degree g deep d[n "u ! e>? to ! l& ( ,*ay-h]1 ) its poor h\ses & no salmon & small de]1 & blankets s small & ?9 t :5 ! dead are buri$ ! fri5ds (t5 bury blankets ) !m1 to s5d !m to ! _w bel[ ) ! dep>t$ s\l4#aih ,! expectation ( royal dignity 9 ! life aft] dea?1 di/9ct f ! fate ( ord9>y mortals1 comes well into view among ! ,nat*ez ( ,l\isiana1 :]e ! sun-desc5d$ royal family w\ld 9 "s way return to ! ,sun2 ?us also 9 ! mighti] empire ( ,p]u1 :]e ea* sun-desc5d$ ,inca1 feel+ ! approa* ( dea?1 ann\nc$ to 8 assembl$ vassals t he 0 call$ to heav5 to re/ ) 8 fa!r ! ,sun4#aii ,b 9 ! high] religions1 ! *ange 9 ?is respect f ! doctr9e ( cont9uance to ! doctr9e ( retribution is wond]ful 9 its complet5ess4 ,! /ory ( t great lady :o /r5g!n$ h] hopes ( future happ9ess by ! assurance1 #8,!y w ?9k twice be=e !y refuse a p]son ( my condition1' is a m]e je/ to mod]n e>s4 ,yet1 l _m o!r mod]n je/1 x is only an ar*aism :i* 9 an old] /age ( culture _h 9 x no?+ ridicul\s4 ,to ! happy l& ( ,torng>suk ! ,great ,_s1 says ,cranz1 only su* ,gre5l&]s came z h be5 valiant work]s1 = o!r ideas ( virtue !y h none2 su* z h done great de$s1 tak5 _m :ales & seals1 borne mu* h>d%ip1 be5 dr[n$ at sea1 or di$ 9 *ildbir?4#bjj ,?us ,*>levoix says ( ! ,indians fur!r s\?1 t _! claim to hunt aft] dea? on ! prairies ( et]nal spr+ is to h be5 good hunt]s & w>riors "h4 ,lesc>bot1 speak+ ( ! belief among ! ,indians ( ,virg9ia t aft] dea? ! good w be at re/ & ! wick$ 9 pa91 rem>ks t _! enemies are ! wick$ & !mselves ! good1 s t 9 _! op9ion !y are aft] dea? mu* at _! ease1 & pr9cipally :5 !y h well def5d$ _! c\ntry & sla9 _! enemies4#bja ,s ,jean de ,l]y said ( ! rude ,tub9ambas ( ,brazil1 t !y ?9k ! s\ls ( su* z h liv$ virtu\sly1 t is to say1 :o h well av5g$ !mselves & eat5 _m ( _! enemies1 w g beh9d ! great m\nta9s & dance 9 beautiful g>d5s ) ! s\ls ( _! fa!rs1 b ! s\ls ( ! effem9ate & wor?less1 :o h n /riv5 to def5d _! c\ntry1 w g to ,aygnan ! ,evil ,_s1 to incessant torm5ts4#bjb ,m *>act]i/ic & probably m g5u9ely native ?an mo/ ( ^! expectations1 is t ( ! ,c>ibs1 t ! braves ( _! nation %\ld g aft] dea? to happy isl&s1 :]e all good fruits gr[ wild1 !re to sp5d _! "t 9 danc+ & fea/+1 & to h _! enemies ! ,arawaks = slaves2 b ! c[>ds :o fe>$ to g to w> %\ld g to s]ve ! ,arawaks1 dwell+ 9 _! wa/e & b>r5 l&s beyond ! m\nta9s4#bjc ,! fate ( w>riors sla9 9 battle is ! subject ( two s+ul>ly contra/$ !ories4 ,we h else:]e exam9$ ! deep-ly+ belief t if a man's body be w\nd$ or mutilat$1 8 s\l w arrive 9 ! same /ate 9 ! o!r _w4 ,p]haps x is "s su* idea ( ! s\l be+ injur$ ) ! body by a viol5t dea?1 t leads ! ,m9tira ( ! ,malay ,p59sula1 ?\gh n believ+ 9 a future rew>d & puni%m5t1 to exclude f ! happy p>adise ( #8,fruit ,isl&' 7,pulo ,bua7 ! s\ls ( su* z die a bloody dea?1 condemn+ !m to dwell on #8,r$ ,l&' 7,tana ,m]a71 a desolate b>r5 place1 :5ce !y mu/ ev5 g to ! =tunate isl& to fet* _! food4#bjd ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ! idea is m5tion$ among ! ,hurons t ! s\ls ( ! sla9 9 w> live 9 a b& ap>t1 nei!r !y nor suicides be+ admitt$ to ! _s-villages ( _! tribe4 ,a belief ascrib$ to c]ta9 ,indians ( ,cali=nia may be cit$ "h1 ?\gh less z a sample ( real native doctr9e ?an to illu/rate t borr[+ ( ,*ri/ian ideas :i* s (t5 spoils su* evid5ce = e?nological purposes4 ,!y held1 x is said1 t ,nip>aya1 ! ,great ,_s1 hates w>1 & w h no w>riors 9 8 p>adise1 b t 8 adv]s>y ,wac1 %ut up = rebellion 9 a great cave1 takes ?i!r to himself ! sla9 9 battle4#bje ,on ! o!r h&1 ! ?\ght :i* %[s out 9 su* bold relief 9 ! savage m9d1 t c\rage is virtue1 & battle & blood%$ ! h]o's noble/ pursuit1 leads naturally to a hope ( glory = 8 s\l :5 8 body has be5 sla9 9 fight4 ,su* expectation 0 n /range 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 to t ,indian tribe1 = in/ance1 :o talk$ ( ! ,great ,_s walk+ 9 ! moonlight on 8 isl& 9 ,lake ,sup]ior1 :i!r sla9 w>riors w g to him to take _! pleasure 9 ! *ace4#bjf ,! ,nic>aguans decl>$ t m5 :o di$ 9 _! h\ses w5t und]gr\nd1 b ! sla9 9 w> w5t to s]ve ! gods 9 ! ea/1 :]e ! sun comes f4 ,?is corresponds 9 "p ) a rem>kable ?reefold contra/ ( ! future life among _! ,aztec k9sfolk4 ,mictlan1 ! ,hades ( ! g5]al dead1 & ,tlalocan1 ! ,e>?ly ,p>adise1 rea*$ by c]ta9 special & acute ways ( dea?1 h be5 m5tion$ "h already4 ,b ! s\ls ( w>riors sla9 9 battle or sacrific$ z captives1 & ( wom5 :o di$ 9 *ild-bir?1 7 transport$ to ! heav5ly pla9s2 !re ! h]oes1 peep+ ?r\gh ! holes 9 _! buckl]s pi]c$ by arr[s 9 e>?ly fight1 wat*$ ! ,sun arise & salut$ him ) %\t & cla% ( arms1 & at noon ! mo!rs receiv$ him ) music & dance to escort him on 8 we/]n way4#bjg ,9 su* wise1 to ! old ,norseman1 to die ! #8/raw-dea?' ( sickness or old age 0 to g d[n into ! dismal loa?ly h\se ( ,hela ! ,dea?-goddess2 if ! w>rior's fate on ! field ( battle 7 d5i$ him1 & dea? came to fet* him f a peaceful c\*1 yet at lea/ he c\ld h ! scrat* ( ! spe>1 ,od9's m>k1 & s contrive to g ) a blood-/a9$ s\l to ! glori\s ,walhalla4 ,surely !n if ev]1 says a mod]n writ]1 ! k+dom ( heav5 suff]$ viol5ce1 & ! viol5t took x by =ce4#bjh ,!nce we foll[ ! idea onw>d to ! battle-fields ( holy w>1 :]e ! soldi] e>n$ ) 8 blood ! unfad+ cr[n ( m>tyrdom1 & ,*ri/ian & ,moslem 7 urg$ 9 mutual onset & upheld 9 agony by ! glimpse ( p>adise op5+ to receive ! slay] ( ! infidel4 ,su* ideas1 curr5t among ! l[] races z to ! s\l's future happ9ess or mis]y1 d n seem1 sett+ aside "s exceptional po9ts1 to be ?\ghts adopt$ or degrad$ f doctr9es ( cultur$ nations4 ,!y r belong to ! intellectual /ratum 9 :i* !y are f\nd4 ,if s1 we mu/ nei!r ignore nor exagg]ate _! /&+ 9 ! l[] e?ics4 #8,! good are good w>riors & hunt]s1' said a ,pawnee *ief2 :]eupon ! au?or :o m5tions ! say+ rem>ks t ?is w\ld also be ! op9ion ( a wolf1 if he c\ld express x4#bji ,nev]!less1 if exp]i5ce has l$ societies ( savage m5 to fix on c]ta9 qualities1 su* z c\rage1 skill1 & indu/ry1 z be+ virtues1 !n _m morali/s w say t su* a !ory is n only e?ical1 b ly+ at ! v f\ndation ( e?ics4 ,& if ^! savage societies fur!r conclude t su* virtues obta9 _! rew>d 9 ano!r _w z 9 ?is1 !n _! !ories ( future happ9ess & mis]y1 de/9$ = :at !y call good & bad m51 may be look$ on 9 ?is s5se z belong+ to morality1 ?\gh at no high /age ( developm5t4 ,b _m or mo/ writ]s1 :5 !y m5tion morality1 assume a n>r[] def9ition ( x4 ,?is mu/ be borne 9 m9d 9 appreciat+ :at is meant by ! /atem5ts ( sev]al well-qualifi$ e?nologi/s1 :o h1 9 m or less degree1 d5i$ a moral "* to ! future retribution z conceiv$ 9 savage religion4 ,mr4 ,ellis1 describ+ ! ,society ,isl&]s1 at lea/ gives an explicit def9ition4 ,:5 he tri$ to asc]ta9 :e!r !y connect$ a p]son's condition 9 a future /ate ) 8 disposition & conduct 9 ?is1 he nev] c\ld le>n t !y expect$ 9 ! _w ( spirits any diff]5ce 9 ! treatm5t ( a k9d1 g5]\s1 peaceful man1 & t ( a cruel1 p>simoni\s1 qu>relsome "o4#baj ,?is rem>k1 x seems to me1 applies to savage religion f> & wide4 ,dr4 ,br9ton1 comm5t+ on ! native religions ( ,am]ica1 draws 8 l9e 9 a some:at diff]5t place4 ,n[h]e1 he says1 0 any well-def9$ doctr9e t moral turpitude 0 judg$ & puni%$ 9 ! next _w4 ,no contra/ is discov]able betwe5 a place ( torm5ts & a realm ( joy2 at ! wor/ b a negative ca/igation await$ ! li>1 ! c[>d1 or ! nigg>d4#baa ,pr(essor ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 9 8 #8,am]ican ,religions1' yet m po9t$ly d5ies any #8e?ical mean+' 9 ! contra/s ( ! savage future life1 & looks ^u :at he well calls its #8light-side' & #8%ad[-side' n z recomp5s+ e>?ly virtue & vice1 b r z c>ry+ on e>?ly conditions 9 a new exi/5ce4#bab ,! idea t admission to ! happi] region dep5ds on ! p]=mance ( religi\s rites & ! giv+ ( (f]+s1 seems sc>cely kn[n to ! l[e/ savages4 ,x is wor? :ile1 h[ev]1 to notice "s /atem5ts :i* seem to m>k its appe>ance at ! level ( high savag]y or l[ b>b>ism4 ,?us 9 ! ,society ,isl&s1 ?\gh ! de/9y ( man's _s to ! region ( night or to elysium 0 irrespective ( moral "*1 we he> ( neglect ( rites & (f]+s z be+ visit$ by ! displeasure ( deities4#bac ,9 ,florida1 ! belief ( ! ,sun-wor%ipp+ p ( ,a*alaque 0 ?us describ$3 ^? :o _h liv$ well1 & well s]v$ ! ,sun1 & giv5 _m gifts to ! poor 9 8 hon\r1 w\ld be happy aft] dea? & be *ang$ into />s1 :]eas ! wick$ w\ld be c>ri$ to a de/itute & wret*$ exi/5ce among m\nta9 precipices1 :]e fi]ce wild bea/s h _! d5s4#bad ,accord+ to ,bosman1 ! s\ls ( ,gu9ea negroes rea*+ ! riv] ( dea? mu/ answ] to ! div9e judge h[ !y h liv$2 h !y religi\sly obs]v$ ! holy days d$icat$ to _! god1 h !y ab/a9$ f all =bidd5 meats & kept _! v[s inviolate1 !y are waft$ across to p>adise2 b if !y h s9n$ aga9/ ^! laws !y are plung$ 9 ! riv] & !re dr[n$ = ev]4#bae ,su* /atem5ts among peoples at ^! /ages ( culture are n frequ5t1 & p]haps n v valid z acc\nts ( orig9al native doctr9e4 ,x is 9 ! elaborate religi\s sy/ems ( m organiz$ nations1 9 mod]n ,brahmanism & ,buddhism1 & degrad$ =ms ( ,*ri/ianity1 t ! special adaptation ( ! doctr9e ( retribution to ! purposes ( prie/craft & c]emonialism has become a commonplace ( mission>y reports4 ,x is well n to speak too positively on a subject s difficult & d\btful z ?is ( ! hi/ory ( ! belief 9 future retribution4 ,c>eful criticism ( ! evid5ce is above all necess>y4 ,= in/ance1 we h to deal ) sev]al /atem5ts record$ among l[ races1 explicitly assign+ rew>d or puni%m5t to m5 aft] dea?1 accord+ z !y 7 good or bad 9 life4 ,"h ! fir/ ?+ to be done is to cle> up1 if possible1 ! "q :e!r ! doctr9e ( retribution may h be5 borr[$ f "s m cultur$ neighb\r+ religion1 z ! v details (t5 %[ to h be5 ! case4 ,examples ( direct adoption ( =eign dogmas on ?is subject are n uncommon 9 ! _w4 ,:5 among ! ,dayaks ( ,borneo x is said t a dead man becomes a _s & lives 9 ! jungle1 or haunts ! place ( burial or burn+1 or :5 "s di/ant m\nta9-top is po9t$ to z ! abode ( spirits ( dep>t$ fri5ds1 x is h>dly ne$ful to "q ! orig9ality ( ideas s *>act]i/ically savage4 ,b "o ( ^! ,dayak tribes1 burn+ ! dead1 says t #8z ! smoke ( ! fun]al pile ( a good man rises1 ! s\l asc5ds ) x to ! sky1 & t ! smoke f ! pile ( a wick$ man desc5ds1 & 8 s\l ) x is borne d[n to ! e>?1 & ?r\gh x to ! regions bel[4'#baf ,did n ?is exceptional idea come into ! ,dayak's m9d by contact ) ,h9duism8 ,9 ,orissa1 aga91 ,khond s\ls h to leap across ! black unfa?omable riv] to ga9 a foot+ on ! slipp]y ,leap+ ,rock1 :]e ,d+a ,p5nu1 ! judge ( ! dead1 sits writ+ 8 regi/] ( all m5's daily lives & actions1 s5d+ virtu\s s\ls to become bless$ spirits1 keep+ back wick$ ones & s5d+ !m to suff] _! p5alties 9 new bir?s on e>?4#bag ,"h ! /rik+ my? ( ! leap+ rock is p]fectly savage1 b ! ideas ( a judgm5t1 moral retribution1 & transmigration1 may h come f ! ,h9dus ( ! pla9s1 z ! accompany+ notion ( ! writt5 book unque/ionably did4 ,dr4 ,mason is no d\bt "r 9 tak+ z ! indig5\s doctr9e ( ! ,k>5s _! notion ( an "u-_w :]e ! gho/s ( ! dead live on z "h1 :ile he sets d[n to ,h9du influ5ce ! idea ( ,?a-ma1 ! judge ( ! dead 7! ,h9du ,yama71 z allott+ _! fate accord+ to _! lives1 s5d+ ^? :o h done de$s ( m]it to heav51 ^? :o h done wick$ness to hell1 & keep+ 9 ,hades ! nei!r good nor bad4#bah ,h[ ! !ory ( moral retribution may be sup]pos$ on m primitive doctr9es ( ! future life1 comes rem>kably into view 9 ,turanian religion4 ,among ! ,lapps1 ,jabme-,aimo1 ! subt]ranean #8home ( ! dead' bel[ ! e>?1 :]e ! dep>t$ h _! cattle & foll[ _! livelihood l ,lapps above1 ?\gh !y are ri*]1 wis]1 /rong] folk1 & also ,saivo-,aimo1 a yet happi] #8home ( ! gods1' are conceptions ?or\ghly 9 ! _s ( ! l[] culture4 ,b 9 "o acc\nt ! subt]ranean abode becomes a place ( transition1 :]e ! dead /ay a:ile1 & !n ) bodies r5ew$ are tak5 up to ! ,heav5-god1 or if misdo]s1 are flung into ! abyss4 ,ca/rn is evid5tly "r 9 reject+ ?is doctr9e z n native1 b due to ,ca?olic influ5ce4 ,s1 at ! end ( ! #af? ,rune ( ! ,f9ni% ,kalewala1 :i* tells ( ,wa9amo95's visit to ! dismal l& ( ! dead1 !re is put into ! h]o's m\? a second spee*1 w>n+ ! *ildr5 ( m5 to h>m n ! innoc5t1 = sad paym5t is 9 ,tuoni's dwell+--! b$ ( evil-do]s is !re1 ) its gl[+ r$-hot /ones bel[ & its canopy ( snakes above4 ,b ! same critic condemns ?is moral #8tag1' z a lat] addition to ! g5u9e hea!n picture ( ,manala1 ! "u-_w ( ! dead4#bai ,nor did ,*ri/ianity scorn to borr[ details f ! religions x aboli%$4 ,! n>rative ( a m$ival visit to ! o!r _w w\ld be incomplete )\t its description ( ! awful ,bridge ( ,dea?2 ,a*]on & ,*>on's b>k 7 re/or$ to _! places 9 ,t>t>us by ! vision>y & ! poet2 ! wail+ ( s9ful s\ls might be he>d z !y 7 hamm]$ :ite-hot 9 ,vulcan's smi?ies2 & ! weigh+ ( good & wick$ s\ls1 z we may see x figur$ on e ,egyptian mummy-case1 n[ pass$ into ! *>ge ( ,/4 ,paul & ! ,devil4#bbj ,! =ego+ consid]ations hav+ be5 duly weigh$1 x rema9s to call att5tion to ! f9al problem1 at :at /ate ( religi\s hi/ory ! full !ological doctr9e ( judicial retribution & moral comp5sation 9 a future life may h aris54 ,x is h>d1 h[ev]1 to def9e :]e ?is developm5t takes place ev5 at a b>b>ic /age ( culture4 ,?us among ! b>b>ic nations ( ,we/ ,africa1 !re appe> su* beliefs z t 9 ,nuffi1 t crim9als :o escape _! puni%m5t "h w receive x 9 ! o!r _w2 ! division ( ! ,yoruba "u-_w into an upp] & a l[] region = ! righte\s & wick$2 ! ,kru doctr9e t only ! good w rejo9 _! ance/ors 9 heav52 ! ,oji doctr9e t only ! good w dwell aft] dea? 9 ! heav5ly h\se or city ( ! ,deity :om !y call ! #8,highe/4'#bba ,h[ f> is all ?is to be tak5 z native conception1 & h[ f> z due to ages ( ,*ri/ian & ,moslem int]c\rse1 to :i* at any rate few w scruple to ref] ! la/ case8 ,9 ! l[] ranges ( civilization1 "s ( ! mo/ rem>kable doctr9es ( ?is class are record$ 9 ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,?us !y appe> 9 connexion ) ! fancy ( a riv] or gulf to be pass$ by ! dep>t+ s\l on its way to ! l& ( ! dead1 "o ( ! mo/ rem>kable traits ( ! my?ology ( ! _w4 ,?is seems 9 its orig9 a nature-my?1 connect$ probably ) ! ,sun's passage across ! sea into ,hades1 & 9 _m ( its v]sions x appe>s z a m]e episode ( ! s\l's j\rney )\t any moral s5se atta*$ to x4 ,brebeuf1 ! same e>ly ,jesuit mission>y :o says explicitly ( ! ,hurons t !re is no diff]5ce 9 _! future life betwe5 ! fate ( ! virtu\s & ! vici\s1 m5tions also among !m ! tree-trunk t bridges ! riv] ( dea?2 "h ! dead mu/ cross1 ! dog t gu>ds x attacks "s s\ls1 & !y fall4 ,yet 9 o!r v]sions ?is my? has a moral s5se atta*$ to x1 & ! passage ( ! heav5-gulf becomes an ordeal to sep>ate good & wick$4 ,to take b "o in/ance1 !re is ,catl9's acc\nt ( ! ,*octaw s\ls j\rney+ f> we/w>d1 to :om ! long slipp]y b>kless p9e-log1 /ret*+ f hill to hill1 bridges ov] ! deep & dreadful riv]2 ! good pass safely to a beaute\s ,indian p>adise1 ! wick$ fall into ! abyss ( wat]s1 & g ! d>k hungry wret*$ l& :]e !y are h5ce=? to dwell4#bbb ,?is & _m simil> beliefs curr5t 9 ! religions ( ! _w1 :i* ne$ n be p>ticul>is$ "h1 seem be/ expla9$ z orig9ally nature-my?s1 aft]w>ds adapt$ to a religi\s purpose4 ,a diff]5t conception 0 record$ s e>ly z #afbc1 by ,capta9 ,john ,smi? among ! ,massa*usetts1 ^: "n is /ill borne by ! ,new ,engl& di/rict !y once inhabit$3 ,!y say1 at fir/ !re 0 no k+ b ,kiehtan1 t dwelle? f> we/]ly above ! heav5s1 :i!r all good m5 g :5 !y die1 & h pl5ty ( all ?+s4 ,! bad m5 g ?i!r also & knock at ! door1 b he bids !m g w&] 9 endless want & mis]y1 = !y %all n /ay !re4#bbc ,la/ly1 ! ,sali% ,indians ( ,oregon say t ! good g to a happy hunt+-gr\nd ( endless game1 :ile ! bad g to a place :]e !re is et]nal sn[1 hung]1 & ?ir/1 & are tantalis$ by ! sight ( game !y _c kill1 & wat] !y _c dr9k4#bbd ,if1 n[1 9 look+ at ^! records1 ! d\bts :i* beset !m c be put aside1 & ! acc\nts ( ! diff]5t fates assign$ to ! good & wick$ c be accept$ z belong+ to g5u9e native ,am]ican religion & if1 moreov]1 x be consid]$ t ! goodness & wick$ness = :i* m5 are to be ?us rew>d$ & puni%$ are moral qualities1 h[ev] undevelop$ 9 def9ition1 ?is w am\nt to an admission t ! doctr9e ( moral retribution at any rate appe>s )9 ! range ( savage !ology4 ,su* a view1 h[ev]1 by no means invalidates ! view "h put =w>d z to ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! doctr9e1 b only goes to prove at h[ e>ly a /age x may h begun to take place4 ,! g5]al mass ( evid5ce /ill rema9s to %[ ! savage doctr9e ( ! future /ate1 z orig9ally involv+ no moral retribution1 or arriv+ at ?is ?r\gh transitional & rudim5t>y /ages4 ,9 /rong contra/ ) ! s*emes ( savage future exi/5ce1 ,i ne$ b set be=e ! read]'s m9d a sali5t po9t "h & !re 9 ! doctr9e ( di/9ct & unque/ionable moral retribution1 z held 9 religions ( ! high] culture4 ,! inn] my/ic doctr9es ( anci5t ,egypt may p]haps nev] be extract$ n[ f ! pictures & hi]oglyphic =mulas ( ! #8,book ( ! ,dead4' ,b ! e?nograph] may satisfy himself ( two important po9ts z to ! place :i* ! ,egyptian view ( ! future life occupies 9 ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,on ! "o h&1 ! s\l's quitt+ & revisit+ ! corpse1 ! plac+ ( ! image 9 ! tomb1 ! (f]+ ( meat & dr9k1 ! fe>ful j\rney to ! regions ( ! dep>t$1 ! r5ew$ life l t on e>?1 ) its h\ses to dwell 9 & fields to cultivate--all ^! are conceptions :i* connect ! ,egyptian religion ) ! religions ( ! rud] races ( mank9d4 ,b on ! o!r h&1 ! mix$ e?ical & c]emonial /&>d by :i* ! dead are to be judg$ adapts ^! primitive & ev5 savage ?\ghts to a high] social developm5t1 su* z may be %[n by fragm5ts f t rem>kable #8negative confession' :i* ! dead mu/ make be=e ,osiris & ! =ty-two judges 9 ,am5ti4 #8,o ye ,lords ( ,tru?6 let me "k y6444 ,rub ye away my faults4 ,i h n privily done evil aga9/ mank9d4444 ,i h n told falsehoods 9 ! tribunal ( ,tru?4444 ,i h n done any wick$ ?+4 ,i h n made ! lab\r+ man d m ?an 8 task daily4444 ,i h n calumniat$ ! slave to 8 ma/]4444 ,i h n murd]$4444 ,i h n done fraud to m54 ,i h n *ang$ measures ( ! c\ntry4 ,i h n injur$ ! images ( ! gods4 ,i h n tak5 scraps ( ! b&ages ( ! dead4 ,i h n committ$ adult]y4 ,i h n )held milk f ! m\?s ( suckl+s4 ,i h n hunt$ wild animals 9 ! pa/urages4 ,i h n nett$ sacr$ birds4444 ,i am pure6 ,i am pure6 ,i am pure6'#bbe ,! ,v$ic hymns1 aga91 tell ( endless happ9ess = ! good 9 heav5 ) ! gods1 & speak also ( ! deep pit :]e ! li>s1 ! lawless1 !y :o give no sacrifice1 w be ca/4#bbf ,! rival !ories ( cont9uance & retribution are se5 9 in/ructive coexi/5ce 9 classic ,greece & ,rome4 ,:at seems ! old] belief holds its gr\nd 9 ! realm ( ,hades2 t dim region ( bodiless1 smoke-l gho/s rema9s ! home ( ! undi/+ui%$ cr[d 9 ! 1 ! #8middle life4' ,yet at ! same "t ! judgm5t-seat ( ,m9os & ,rhadaman?os1 ! joys ( ,elysium = ! j & good1 fi]y ,t>t>us e*o+ ) ! wail ( ! wick$1 repres5t ! new] doctr9e ( a moral retribution4 ,! idea ( purgatorial suff]+1 :i* h>dly seems to h ent]$ ! m9ds ( ! l[] races1 exp&s 9 imm5se vig\r 9 ! great ,aryan religions ( ,asia4 ,9 ,brahmanism & ,buddhism1 ! work+ out ( good & evil actions into _! necess>y consequ5ce ( happ9ess & mis]y is ! v key to ! philosophy ( life1 :e!r life's successive transmigrations be 9 animal1 or human1 or demon bir?s on e>?1 or 9 luxuri\s heav5-palaces ( gold & jewels1 or 9 ! agoniz+ hells :]e ,ori5tal fancy riots 9 ! hide\s inv5tory ( torture--caldrons ( boil+ oil & liquid fire2 black dungeons & riv]s ( fil?2 vip]s1 & vultures1 & cannibals2 ?orns1 & spe>s1 & r$-hot p9c]s1 & :ips ( flame4 ,to ! mod]n ,h9du1 x is true1 c]emonial morality seems to take ! upp] h&1 & ! "q ( happ9ess or mis]y aft] dea? turns r on ablutions & fa/s1 on sacrifices & gifts to brahmans1 ?an on purity & b5efic5ce ( life4 ,buddhism 9 ,s\? ,ea/ ,asia1 sadly deg5]ate f its once high e/ate1 is apt to "w out ! doctr9e ( m]it & dem]it into debtor & cr$itor acc\nts kept 9 good & bad m>ks f day to day2 to s]ve out s mu* tea 9 hot wea!r c\nts #a to ! m]it-side1 & putt+ a /op to "o's wom5 scold+ = a mon? c\nts #a likewise1 b ?is may be balanc$ by ! (f5ce ( lett+ !m keep ! b[ls & plates dirty = a day1 :i* c\nts #a ! wrong way2 & x appe>s t giv+ wood = two c(f9s1 :i* c\nt #cj m>ks ea*1 & bury+ f\r bones1 at #aj m>ks a-piece1 w\ld j be balanc$ by murd]+ a *ild1 :i* c\nts #ajj to ! bad4#bbg ,x ne$ h>dly be said "h t ^! two great religions ( ,asia mu/ be judg$ r 9 _! records ( long pa/ ages1 ?an 9 ! l+]+ deg5]ation ( _! mod]n reality4 ,9 ! ,khordah-,ave/a1 a docum5t ( ! old ,p]sian religion1 ! fate ( good & wick$ s\ls at dea? is pictur$ 9 a dialogue betwe5 ,z>a?u/ra 7,zoroa/]71 & ,ahura-,mazda & ,anra-,ma9yu 7,ormuzd & ,ahriman74 ,z>a?u/ra asks1',ahura-,mazda1 ,heav5ly1 ,holie/1 ,creator ( ! corporeal _w1 ,pure6 ,:5 a pure man dies1 :]e does 8 s\l dwell dur+ ?is night8' ,!n answ]s ,ahura-,mazda3 #8,ne> 8 head x sits d[n1 recit+ ! ,g? ,u/avaiti1 pray+ happ9ess = itself2 8,happ9ess be to ! man :o conduces to ! happ9ess ( ea*4 ,may ,ahura-,mazda create1 rul+ aft] 8 wi%40' ,on ?is night ! s\l sees z mu* joyfulness z ! :ole liv+ _w possesses2 & s ! second & ! ?ird night4 ,:5 ! lapse ( ! ?ird night turns itself to light1 !n ! s\l ( ! pure man goes =w>d1 recollect+ itself by ! p]fume ( plants4 ,a w9d bl[s to meet x f ! mid-day regions1 a sweet-sc5t$ "o1 m sweet-sc5t$ ?an ! o!r w9ds1 & ! s\l ( ! pure man receives x--#8,:5ce bl[s ?is w9d1 ! sweete/-sc5t$ :i* ,i ev] h smelt ) ! nose8' ,!n comes to meet him 8 own law 78 rule ( life7 9 ! figure ( a maid5 beautiful1 %9+1 ) %9+ arms1 p[]ful1 well-gr[n1 sl5d]1 l>ge-bosom$1 ) praisewor?y body1 noble1 ) brilliant face1 "o ( fifte5 ye>s1 z fair 9 h] gr[? z ! faire/ creatures4 ,!n to h] speaks ! s\l ( ! pure man1 ask+1 #8,:at maid5 art ?\ :om ,i h se5 "h z ! faire/ ( maid5s 9 body8' ,%e answ]s1 #8,i am1 ,o y\?1 ?y good ?\ghts1 words1 & works1 ?y good law1 ! own law ( ?9e own body4 ,?\ ha/ made ! pleasant yet pleasant] to me1 ! fair yet fair]1 ! desirable yet m desirable1 ! sitt+ 9 a high place sitt+ 9 a yet high] place4' ,!n ! s\l ( ! pure man takes ! fir/ /ep & comes to ! fir/ p>adise1 ! second & ?ird /ep to ! second & ?ird p>adise1 ! f\r? /ep & arrives at ! ,et]nal ,lights4 ,to ! s\l speaks a pure "o deceas$ be=e1 ask+ x1 #8,h[ art ?\1 ,o pure deceas$1 come away f ! fle%ly dwell+s1 f ! corporeal _w hi!r to ! invisible1 f ! p]i%able _w hi!r to ! imp]i%able4 ,hail6 has x happ5$ to !e long8' #8,!n speaks ,ahura-,mazda3 8,ask n him :om ?\ aske/1 = he is come on ! fe>ful way ( trembl+1 ! sep>ation ( body & s\l4 ,br+ him hi!r ( ! food1 ( ! full fatness1 t is ! food = a y\? :o ?9ks1 speaks1 & does good1 :o is devot$ to ! good law aft] dea?--t is ! food = a woman :o especially ?9ks good1 speaks good1 does good1 ! foll[+1 ob$i5t1 pure aft] dea?40' ,& n[ ,z>a?u/ra asks1 :5 a wick$ "o dies1 :]e 8 s\l dwells8 ,he is told h[1 runn+ ab\t ne> ! head1 x utt]s ! pray]1 ,ke mam3--#8,:i* l& %all ,i praise1 :i!r %all ,i g pray+1 ,o ,ahura-,mazda8' ,9 ?is night x sees z mu* unjoyfulness z ! :ole liv+ _w2 & s ! second & ! ?ird night1 & x goes at dawn to ! impure place1 recollect+ itself by ! /5*4 ,an evil-smell+ w9d comes t[>ds ! dead f ! nor?1 & ) x ! ugly hateful maid5 :o is 8 own wick$ de$s1 & ! s\l takes ! f\r? /ep into ! d>kness )\t beg9n+1 & a wick$ s\l asks h[ long--woe to !e6--art ?\ come8 & ! mock+ ,anra-,ma9yu1 answ]+ 9 words l ! words ( ,ahura-,mazda to ! good1 bids food to be br\ght--poison1 & mix$ ) poison1 = !m :o ?9k & speak & d evil1 & foll[ ! wick$ law4 ,! ,p>si ( our own "t1 foll[+ 9 obscure tradition ! anci5t ,zoroa/rian fai?1 be=e he prays = =giv5ess = all t he ought to h ?\ght1 & said1 & done1 & has n1 = all t he ought n to h ?\ght1 & said1 & done1 & has1 confesses ?us 8 fai? ( ! future life3--#8,i am :olly )\t d\bt 9 ! exi/5ce ( ! good ,mazadayanian fai?1 9 ! com+ ( ! resurrection & ! lat] body1 9 ! /epp+ ov] ! bridge ,*9vat1 9 an inv>iable recomp5se ( good de$s & _! rew>d1 & ( bad de$s & _! puni%m5t4'#bbh ,9 ,jewi% !ology1 ! doctr9e ( future retribution appe>s aft] ! ,babyloni% captivity1 n 9 ambigu\s t]ms1 b z ! /rongly-express$ & int5sely-felt religi\s conviction x has s9ce rema9$ among ! *ildr5 ( ,israel4 ,n long aft]w>d1 x receiv$ ! sanction ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,a broad survey ( ! doctr9e ( ! ,future ,life among ! v>i\s nations ( ! _w %[s at once h[ difficult & h[ important is a sy/ematic !ory ( its developm5t4 ,look$ at e?nographically1 ! g5]al relations ( ! l[] to ! high] culture z to ! belief 9 future exi/5ce may be def9$ some:at z foll[s3--,if we draw a l9e divid+ civilization at ! junction ( savag]y & b>b>ism--ab\t :]e ! ,c>ib & ,new ,zeal&] ends & ! ,aztec or ,tat> beg9s1 we may see cle>ly ! diff]5ce ( preval5t doctr9e on ei!r side4 ,on ! savage side1 ! !ory ( hov]+ gho/s is /rong1 rebir? 9 human or animal bodies is (t5 ?\ght (1 b above all !re prevails ! expectation ( a new life1 mo/ (t5 locat$ 9 "s di/ant e>?ly region1 or less commonly 9 ! "u-_w or on ! sky4 ,on ! cultur$ side1 ! !ory ( hov]+ gho/s cont9ues1 b t5ds to subside f philosophy into folklore1 ! !ory ( re-bir? is elaborat$ into great philosophic sy/ems1 b ev5tually dies out "u ! opposition ( sci5tific biology1 :ile ! doctr9e ( a new life aft] dea? ma9ta9s its place ) imm5se p[] 9 ! human m9d1 al?\gh ! dead h be5 ou/$ by geography f any e>?ly di/rict1 & ! regions ( heav5 & hell are m & m spiritualiz$ out ( def9ite locality into vague expressions ( future happ9ess & mis]y4 ,aga91 on ! savage side we f9d ! dom9ant idea to be a cont9uance ( ! s\l 9 a new exi/5ce1 l ! pres5t life1 or idealiz$ & exagg]at$ on its model2 :ile on ! cultur$ side ! doctr9e ( judgm5t & moral retribution prevails ) p>am\nt1 ?\gh n inde$ absolute sway4 ,:at1 !n1 has be5 ! hi/orical c\rse ( !ological op9ion1 to h produc$ 9 diff]5t /ages ( culture ^! contra/$ phases ( doctr9e8 ,9 "s respects1 !ories d]iv+ savage f m civiliz$ ideas are t5able4 ,9 c]ta9 cases1 to consid] a p>ticul> savage doctr9e ( ! future /ate z a fragm5t>y1 or *ang$1 or corrupt$ outcome ( ! religion ( high] races1 seems z easy z to rev]se ?is view by tak+ savag]y z repres5t+ ! />t+-po9t4 ,x is op5 to anyone to suppose t ! doctr9e ( transmigration among ,am]ican savages & ,african b>b>ians may h be5 degrad$ f elaborate sy/ems ( metempsy*osis e/abli%$ among philosophic nations l ! ,h9dus2 t ! ,nor? ,am]ican & ,s\? ,african doctr9e ( cont9u$ exi/5ce 9 a subt]ranean _w may be d]iv$ f simil> beliefs held by races at ! level ( ! anci5t ,greeks2 t :5 rude tribes 9 ! ,old or ,new ,_w assign among ! dead a life ( happ9ess to "s1 & ( mis]y to o!rs1 ?is idea may h be5 inh]it$ or adopt$ f cultur$ nations hold+ m /rongly & sy/ematically ! doctr9e ( retribution4 ,9 su* cases ! argum5t is to a great ext5t ! same1 :e!r ! l[] race be consid]$ deg5]ate desc5dants ( a high] nation1 or :e!r ! simpl] supposition be put =w>d t !y h adopt$ ! ideas ( "s m cultur$ p4 ,^! views ought to h full att5tion1 = deg5]ate & borr[$ beliefs =m no small item 9 ! op9ions ( unciviliz$ races4 ,yet ?is k9d ( explanation is m adapt$ to meet special cases ?an g5]al conditions2 x is r suit$ to piecemeal treatm5t1 ?an to compreh5sive /udy1 ( ! religions ( mank9d4 ,work$ out on a l>ge scale1 x w\ld endeav\r to acc\nt = ! doctr9es ( ! savage _w1 z be+ a pat*work ( fragm5ts f v>i\s religions ( high nations1 transport$ by n easily-conceiv$ means f _! di/ant homes & set d[n 9 remote regions ( ! e>?4 ,x may be safely said t no hypo!sis c acc\nt = ! v>i$ doctr9es curr5t among ! l[] tribes1 )\t ! admission t religi\s ideas h be5 9 no small measure develop$ & modifi$ 9 ! di/ricts :]e !y are curr5t4 ,n[ ?is !ory ( developm5t1 9 its fulle/ scope1 comb9$ ) an accessory !ory ( deg5]ation & adoption1 seems be/ to meet ! g5]al facts ( ! case4 ,a hypo!sis :i* f9ds ! orig9 ( ! doctr9e ( ! future life 9 ! primitive animism ( ! l[] races1 & !nce traces x along ! c\rse ( religi\s ?\ght1 9 v>i$ developm5ts fitt$ to exact] k & =m+ "p ( l(ti] cre$s1 may well be ma9ta9$ z 9 reasonable accordance ) ! evid5ce4 ,su* a !ory1 z has be5 suffici5tly %[n 9 ! =ego+ *apt]s1 af=ds a satisfactory explanation ( ! occurr5ce1 9 ! mid/ ( cultur$ religions1 ( intellectually l[ sup]/itions1 su* z t ( (f]+s to ! dead1 & v>i\s o!rs4 ,^!1 :i* ! developm5t !ory treats naturally z survivals f a l[ /age ( education l+]+ on 9 a high]1 are by no means s readily acc\nt$ = by ! deg5]ation !ory4 ,!re are m special argum5ts :i* fav\r ! priority ( ! savage to ! civiliz$ phases ( ! doctr9e ( a future life4 ,if savages did 9 g5]al receive _! views ( ano!r exi/5ce f ! religi\s sy/ems ( cultur$ nations1 ^! sy/ems c h>dly h be5 su* z recognize ! dom9ant doctr9es ( heav5 & hell4 ,=1 z to ! locality ( ! future _w1 savage races especially fav\r a view little repres5t$ 9 civiliz$ belief1 namely1 t ! life to come is 9 "s di/ant e>?ly c\ntry4 ,moreov]1 ! belief 9 a fi]y abyss or ,geh5na1 :i* excites s int5sely & lays hold s firmly ( ! imag9ation ( ! mo/ ignorant m51 w\ld h be5 especially adapt$ to ! m9ds ( savages1 _h x come d[n to !m by tradition f an ance/ral fai?4 ,yet1 9 fact1 ! l[] races s seldom recognize su* an idea1 t ev5 ! few cases 9 :i* x occurs lie op5 to suspicion ( n be+ purely native4 ,! proposition t ! savage doctr9es desc5d f ! m civiliz$ seems ?us to involve ! improbable supposition1 t tribes capable ( keep+ up traditions ( ,p>adise1 ,heav51 or ,hades1 %\ld nev]!less h =gott5 or disc>d$ a tradition ( ,hell4 ,/ill m important is ! contra/ betwe5 ! cont9uance-!ory & ! retribution-!ory ( ! future exi/5ce1 9 ! sections ( culture :]e !y respectively pr$om9ate4 ,on ! "o h&1 ! cont9uance-!ory1 ) its ideas ( a gho/ly life l ?is1 is directly v\*$ = by ! evid5ce ( ! s5ses 9 dreams & visions ( ! dead1 & may be claim$ z "p ( ! #8,natural ,religion1' prop]ly s call$1 ( ! l[] races4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! retribution-!ory is a dogma :i* ?is evid5ce ( app>itions c\ld h>dly set on foot1 ?\gh capable ( aft]w>ds support+ x4 ,?r\gh\t ! pres5t /udy ( animi/ic religion1 x con/antly comes into view t doctr9es :i* 9 ! l[] culture are philosophical1 t5d 9 ! high] to become e?ical2 t :at among savages is a sci5ce ( nature1 passes among civiliz$ nations into a moral eng9e4 ,h]e9 lies ! di/9ction ( deepe/ import betwe5 ! two great !ories ( ! s\l's exi/5ce aft] bodily dea?4 ,accord+ to a developm5t !ory ( culture1 ! savage1 une?ical doctr9e ( cont9uance w\ld be tak5 z ! m primitive1 succe$$ 9 high] civilization by ! e?ical doctr9e ( retribution4 ,n[ ?is !ory ( ! c\rse ( religion 9 ! di/ant & obscure pa/ is con=mable ) exp]i5ce ( its actual hi/ory1 s f> z ?is lies )9 our k4 ,:e!r we comp>e ! e>ly ,greek ) ! lat] ,greek1 ! e>ly ,jew ) ! lat] ,jew1 ! rud] races ( ! _w 9 _! old] condition ) ! same races z affect$ by ! ?ree mission>y religions ( ,buddhism1 ,mohamm$anism1 ,*ri/ianity1 ! te/imony ( hi/ory v\*es = ! l transition t[>ds e?ical dogma4 ,9 conclusion1 ?\gh !ological argum5t on ! actual validity ( doctr9es relat+ to ! future life c h no place "h1 x w be well n to pass by )\t fur!r rem>k "o great practical "q :i* lies fairly )9 ! prov9ce ( ,e?nography4 ,h[1 9 ! v>i\s /ages ( culture1 has ! "* & conduct ( ! liv+ be5 affect$ by ! ?\ght ( a life to come8 ,if we take ! savage beliefs z a />t+-po9t1 x w appe> t ^! belong r to speculative philosophy ?an to practical rule ( life4 ,! l[] races hold op9ions z to a future /ate because !y ?9k !m true1 b x is n surpris+ t m5 :o take s little ?\ght ( a cont+5cy ?ree days (f1 %\ld receive little practical impulse f vague anticipations ( a life beyond ! grave4 ,sett+ aside ! consid]ation ( possible races devoid ( all ?\ght ( a future exi/5ce1 !re unque/ionably has be5 & is a great mass ( mank9d ^: lives are sc>cely affect$ by su* expectations ( ano!r life z !y d hold4 ,! doctr9e ( cont9uance1 mak+ dea? z x 7 a m]e j\rney into a new c\ntry1 c h little direct action on m5's conduct1 ?\gh indirectly x has inde$ an enorm\s & disa/r\s influ5ce on society1 lead+ z x does to ! slaught] ( wives & slaves1 & ! de/ruction ( prop]ty1 = ! use ( ! dead 9 ! next _w4 ,if ?is _w to come be ?\ght a happi] region1 ! look+ =w>d to x makes m5 m will+ to risk _! lives 9 battle1 promotes ! habit ( despat*+ ! sick & ag$ into a bett] life1 & enc\rages suicide :5 life is v hateful "h4 ,:5 ! half-way h\se betwe5 cont9uance & retribution is rea*$1 & ! idea prevails t ! manly virtues :i* give rank & weal? & hon\r "h w lead h]eaft] to yet bright] glory1 !n ?is belief mu/ add new =ce to ! e>?ly motives :i* make bold w>riors & mighty *iefs4 ,b among m5 :o expect to become hov]+ gho/s at dea?1 or to dep>t to "s gloomy l& ( %ades1 su* expectation /r5g!ns ! natural horror & hatr$ ( dissolution4 ,!y t5d t[>d ! /ate ( m9d frequ5t among mod]n ,africans1 ^: ?\ght ( dea? is t he %all dr9k no m rum1 we> no m f9e clo!s1 h no m wives4 ,! negro ( our own day w\ld feel to ! utmo/ ! s5se ( ^? l9es 9 ! beg9n+ ( ! ,iliad1 :i* describe ! h]oes' #8s\ls' be+ ca/ d[n to ,hades1 b #8!mselves' left a prey to dogs & c>rion birds4 ,ris+ to ! level ( ! high] races1 we m>k ! ?\ght ( future exi/5ce tak+ a l>g] & l>g] place 9 ! convictions ( religion1 ! expectation ( a judgm5t aft] dea? ga9+ 9 int5sity & becom+1 :at x sc>cely seems to ! savage1 a real motive 9 life4 ,yet ?is *ange is n to be measur$ z proce$+ ?r\gh\t 9 any direct proportion ) ! developm5t ( culture4 ,! doctr9e ( ! future life has h>dly tak5 deep] & /rong] root 9 ! high] ?an 9 ! middle levels ( civilization4 ,9 ! language ( anci5t ,egypt1 x is ! dead :o are emphatically call$ ! #8liv+1' = _! life is ev]la/+1 :e!r 9 ! _w ( ! dep>t$1 or ne>] home 9 ! tomb1 ! #8et]nal dwell+4' ,! ,moslem says t m5 sleep 9 life & wake 9 dea?2 ! ,h9du lik5s ! body :i* a s\l has quitt$ to ! b$ he rises f 9 ! morn+4 ,! /ory ( ! anci5t ,get1 :o wept at bir?s & laugh$ at fun]als1 embodies an idea ( ! relation ( ?is life to ! next :i* comes to ! surface aga9 & aga9 9 ! hi/ory ( religion1 n[h]e p]haps t\*$ 9 ) a light] h& ?an 9 ! ,arabian ,nights' tale :]e ,abdallah ( ! ,sea indignantly breaks (f 8 fri5d%ip ) ,abdallah ( ! ,l&1 :5 he he>s t ! dwell]s on ! l& d n fea/ & s+ :5 "o ( !m dies1 l ! dwell]s 9 ! sea1 b m\rn & weep & te> _! g>m5ts4 ,su* ?\ghts lead on into ! morbid asceticism t culm9ates 9 ! life ( ! ,buddhi/ sa9t1 eat+ 8 food ) loa?+ f ! alms-b[l t he c>ries z ?\gh x held m$ic9e1 wrapp+ himself 9 grave-clo!s f ! cemet]y1 or putt+ on 8 disfigur$ robe z ?\gh x 7 a b&age to cov] a sore1 ^: look+ =w>d is to dea? = deliv]ance f ! mis]y ( life1 ^: dreamie/ hope is t aft] an inconceivable s]ies ( successive exi/5ces he may f9d 9 utt] dissolution & n-be+ a refuge ev5 f heav54 ,! belief 9 future retribution has be5 inde$ a p[]ful eng9e 9 %ap+ ! life ( nations4 ,p[]ful bo? = good & evil1 x has be5 made ! s]vant-(-all-"w ( _m fai?s4 ,prie/hoods h us$ x unscrupul\sly = _! pr(essional ends1 to ga9 weal? & p[] = _! own ca/e1 to /op intellectual & social progress beyond ! b>ri]s ( _! consecrat$ sy/ems4 ,on ! banks ( ! riv] ( dea?1 a b& ( prie/s has /ood = ages to b> ! passage aga9/ all poor s\ls :o _c satisfy _! dem&s = c]emonies1 & =mulas1 & fees4 ,?is is ! d>k side ( ! picture4 ,on ! bright side1 z we /udy ! moral /&>ds ( ! high] nations1 & see h[ ! hopes & fe>s ( ! life to come h be5 br\ght to en=ce _! tea*+s1 x is pla9 t ?r\gh mo/ widely diff]+ religions ! doctr9e ( future judgm5t has be5 made to fur!r goodness & to *eck wick$ness1 accord+ to ! %ift+ rules by :i* m5 h divid$ "r f wrong4 ,! philosophic s*ools :i* f classic times onw>d h reject$ ! belief 9 a future exi/5ce1 appe> to h come back by a new road to ! v />t+-po9t :i* p]haps ! rude/ races ( m5 nev] quitt$4 ,at lea/ ?is seems true z reg>ds ! doctr9e ( future retribution1 :i* is alike abs5t f ! belief ( classes ( m5 at ! two extremes ( culture4 ,h[ f> ! moral /&>d ( life may h be5 adju/$ ?r\gh\t ! high] races ) ref]5ce to a life h]eaft]1 is a problem difficult ( solution1 s l>gely d unbeliev]s 9 ?is second life %>e e?ical pr9ciples :i* h be5 m or less %ap$ "u its influ5ce4 ,m5 :o live = "o _w or = two1 h high motives ( virtue 9 common2 ! noble self-respect :i* impels !m to ! life !y feel wor?y ( !m2 ! love ( goodness = its own sake & = its imm$iate results2 & beyond ?is1 ! desire to d good t %all survive ! do]1 :o w n inde$ be 9 ! l& ( ! liv+ to see 8 "w1 b :o c yet disc\nt 8 expectations into "s measure ( pres5t satisfaction4 ,yet he :o believes t 8 ?read ( life w be sev]$ once & = ev] by ! fatal %e>s1 well kn[s t he wants a purpose & a joy 9 life1 :i* belong to him :o looks = a life to come4 ,few m5 feel real cont5tm5t 9 ! expectation ( vani%+ out ( consci\s exi/5ce1 h5ce=?1 l ! great ,buddha1 to exi/ only 9 _! works4 ,to rema9 inc>nate 9 ! memory ( fri5ds is some?+4 ,a few great spirits may enjoy 9 ! rev]5ce ( future ages a ?\s& ye>s or s ( #8subjective immortality2' ?\gh z = mank9d at l>ge1 ! individual's p]sonal int]e/ h>dly ext5ds beyond ^? :o h liv$ 9 8 "t1 :ile 8 own memory sc>ce outlives ! ?ird & f\r? g5]ation4 ,b ov] & above ^! secul> motives1 ! belief 9 immortality ext5ds its p[]ful influ5ce ?r\gh life1 & culm9ates at ! la/ h\r1 :51 sett+ aside ! v evid5ce ( _! s5ses1 ! m\rn]s smile ?r\gh _! te>s1 & say x is n dea? b life4 ,footnote #abj3 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bci2 ,seemann1 #8,viti1' p4 #cih4 ,footnote #aba3 ,arb\sset & ,daumas1 p4 #cdg2 ,casalis1 p4 #bdg4 ,footnote #abb3 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #bj1 c4 ,footnote #abc3 ,see #8,! ,buke ( ,john ,m&euill1' #ca1 edit$ by ,geo4 ,f4 ,w>n]1 publi%$ by ! ,roxburghe ,club1 #ahhi2 ,yule1 #8,ca?ay1' ,hakluyt ,soc4 7,note to #crd ed47 ,footnote #abd3 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]glaube1' p4 #bae4 ,o!r cases 9 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #eh1 #cfi1 c4 ,footnote #abe3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,algic ,res4' vol4 ii4 pp4 #cb1 #fd1 & see ante1 vol4 i4 p4 #cab4 ,footnote #abf3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bga2 ,klemm1 #8,c4 ,g4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cab4 ,footnote #abg3 ,kalewala1 ,rune xvi42 see ,s*iefn]'s ,g]man ,translation1 & ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #abh1 #acd4 ,a ,slavonic my? 9 ,hanus*1 p4 #dab4 ,footnote #abh3 ,hom]4 ,odyss4 xi4 ,on ! vivification ( gho/s by sacrifice ( blood1 & on libations ( milk & blood1 see ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #cae1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hi2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #he2 ,ro*holz1 #8,deuts*] ,glaube und ,brau*1' vol4 i4 p4 #a1 c4 ,footnote #abi3 ,see = example1 v>i\s details 9 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #cfi-ge1 c4 ,footnote #acj3 ,see vol4 i4 p4 #dha2 also bel[1 p4 #eb1 note4 ,tann]'s #8,n>r4' p4 #bij2 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iii4 p4 #bcc2 ,keat+1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aed2 ,loskiel1 "p i4 p4 #ce2 ,smi?1 #8,virg9ia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #ad4 ,see ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfi4 ,footnote #aca3 ,callaway1 #8,zulu ,tales1' vol4 i4 pp4 #caf-bj4 ,footnote #acb3 ,%ortl&1 #8,traditions ( ,new ,zeal&1' p4 #aej2 ,r4 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #dbc4 ,! idea1 ( :i* ! classic repres5tative belongs to ! my? ( ,p]sephone1 t ! liv+ :o ta/es ! food ( ! dead may n return1 & :i* is s cle>ly /at$ 9 ?is ,maori /ory1 appe>s aga9 among ! ,si\x ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,ahak-tah 7#8,male ,elk'7 seems to die1 b aft] two days comes d[n f ! fun]al-scaffold :]e 8 body _h be5 laid1 & tells 8 tale4 ,8 s\l _h travell$ by ! pa? ( braves ?r\gh ! beautiful l& ( great trees & gay l\d-s++ birds1 till he rea*$ ! riv]1 & saw ! homes ( ! spirits ( 8 =efa!rs on ! %ore beyond4 ,swimm+ across1 he ent]$ ! ne>e/ h\se1 :]e he f\nd 8 uncle sitt+ 9 a corn]4 ,v hungry1 he notic$ "s wild rice 9 a b>k di%4 #8,i ask$ my uncle = "s rice to eat1 b he did n give x to me4 ,_h ,i eat5 ( ! food = spirits1 ,i nev] %\ld h return$ to e>?4' ,ea/man1 #8,dacotah1' p4 #agg4 ,footnote #acc3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aci1 c4 ,footnote #acd3 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' ,lett] #ai1 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #eja2 ,burton1 #8,dahome1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aeh4 ,= mod]n visits to hell & heav5 by ,*ri/ianiz$ negro vision>ies 9 ,am]ica1 see ,macrae1 #8,am]icans at ,home1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ia4 ,footnote #ace3 ,lucian4 ,philopseudes1 c4 #ag-bh4 ,footnote #acf3 ,plut>*4 ,de ,s]a ,num9is ,v9dicta1 xxii42 & 9 ,euseb4 ,prp4 ,evang4 xi4 #cf4 ,footnote #acg3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #fc4 ,footnote #ach3 ,gregor4 ,dial4 iv4 #cf4 ,see ,calmet1 vol4 ii4 *4 #di4 ,footnote #aci3 ,augu/94 ,epi/4 clxiv4 #b4 ,footnote #adj3 ,see ,pe>son1 #8,exposition ( ! ,cre$2' ,b+ham1 #8,ant4 ,*4 ,*4' book x4 *4 iii4 ,art4 iii4 ( ! ,*ur* ( ,engl& 0 r$uc$ to its pres5t /ate by ,ar*bp4 ,p>k]'s revision4 ,footnote #ada3 ,codex ,apocr4 ,n4 ,t4 ,evang4 ,nicod4 ed4 ,giles4 #8,apocryphal ,gospels1' c4 tr4 by ,a4 ,walk]2 #8,gospel ( ,nicodemus4' ,! ,greek & ,lat9 texts diff] mu*4 ,footnote #adb3 ,! foll[+ details mo/ly f ,t4 ,wright1 #8,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory' 7an elaborate critical diss]tation on ! m$ival leg5ds ( visits to ! o!r _w74 ,footnote #adc3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #bgh4 ,rigg4 9 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iv4 p4 #aai4 ,see also ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cig2 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 i4 p4 #hc2 ,irv+1 #8,a/oria1' p4 #adb4 ,footnote #add3 ,mol9a1 #8,*ili1' vol4 ii4 p4 #hi4 ,footnote #ade3 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #dif2 ,sahagun1 iii4 ,app4 c4 #b1 x4 c4 #bi2 ,clavig]o1 vol4 ii4 p4 #e4 ,footnote #adf3 ,see ,wright1 l4c4 c42 ,alg]1 p4 #cia2 c4 ,footnote #adg3 #8,hi/ory ( ,colon1' *4 #fa2 ,pet4 ,m>tyr4 ,dec4 i4 lib4 ix42 ,irv+1 #8,life ( ,columbus1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aba4 ,footnote #adh3 ,/anbridge 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 p4 #bii2 ,g4 ,f4 ,moore1 #8,vocab4 ,w4 ,au/r4' p4 #hc2 ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' p4 #aha4 ,footnote #adi3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #cba2 see "p iii4 p4 #bbi4 ,footnote #aej3 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #ajg4 ,see also ,burton1 #8,w4 & ,w4 fr4 ,w4 ,africa1' p4 #aed 7,gold ,coa/74 ,footnote #aea3 ,hesiod4 ,op]a et ,dies1 ,p9d>1 ,olymp4 ii4 anti/r4 #d4 ,calli/rat4 ,hymn4 9 ,ilg51 ,scolia ,grca1 #aj4 ,/rabo1 iii4 #b1 #ac2 ,pl94 iv4 #cf4 ,footnote #aeb3 ,loc4 cit4 ,footnote #aec3 ,procop4 ,de ,bello ,go?4 iv4 #bj2 ,plut4 ,fragm4 ,comm4 9 ,hesiod4 #b2 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #gic2 ,h]s>t de ,villem>qu1 vol4 i4 p4 #acf2 ,s\ve/re1 #8,d]ni]s ,bretons1' p4 #cg2 ,jas4 ,macph]son1 #8,introd4 to ,hi/4 ( ,great ,brita9 & ,irel&1' #bnd ed4 ,london1 #aggb1 p4 #ahj2 ,wright1 #8,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory1' pp4 #fd1 #abi4 ,footnote #aed3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bfi4 ,footnote #aee3 ,h>mon1 #8,j\rnal1' p4 #bii2 see ,lewis & ,cl>ke1 p4 #aci 7,m&ans74 ,footnote #aef3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrelig4' pp4 #adj1 #bhg2 see ,humboldt & ,bonpl&1 #8,voy4' vol4 iii4 p4 #acb2 ,falkn]1 #8,patagonia1' p4 #aad4 ,footnote #aeg3 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #bcb2 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bce4 ,footnote #aeh3 ,callaway1 #8,zulu ,tales1' vol4 i4 p4 #cag1 c42 ,arb\sset & ,daumas1 p4 #dgd4 ,see also ,burton1 #8,dahome1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aeg4 ,footnote #aei3 ,mason1 #8,k>5s1' l4c4 p4 #aie2 ,cross1 l4c4 p4 #cac4 ,turanian examples 9 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aai4 ,footnote #afj3 ,see bel[1 pp4 #gi1 #he4 ,footnote #afa3 ,fe/us1 s4v4 #8manalis1' c4 ,footnote #afb3 ,sophocl4 dip4 ,tyrann4 #agh2 ,lucian4 ,de ,luctu1 #b4 ,see classic details 9 ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop4' art4 #8inf]i4' ,footnote #afc3 ,bir* 9 ,buns5's #8,egypt1' vol4 v42 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cfh2 ,alg]1 p4 #aja4 ,footnote #afd3 ,smi?1 #8,hi/ory ( ,virg9ia1' 9 #8,works' ed4 by ,arb]2 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 pp4 #ad1 #da2 vol4 xii4 p4 #fjd2 see bel[1 p4 #ie4 ,footnote #afe3 ,?orpe1 #8,analecta ,anglo-,saxonica1' p4 #aae4 ,footnote #aff3 ,s*irr51 p4 #aea4 ,see ,taylor1 #8,n4 ,z4' p4 #ebe4 ,footnote #afg3 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gha2 ,maury1 #8,magie1' c4 p4 #agj4 ,footnote #afh3 ,ovi$o1 #8,nic>agua1' p4 #afj2 ,br9ton1 p4 #bhh4 ,footnote #afi3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' p4 #ach1 see also #bbj 7,c>ibs71 #djb 7,p]u71 #eje1 #ffj 7,mexico72 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #bcc2 ,taylor1 #8,physical ,!ory1' *4 xvi42 ,alg]1 #8,future ,life1' p4 #eij2 see also above1 p4 #af1 note4 ,footnote #agj3 ,humboldt & ,bonpl&1 #8,voy4' vol4 v4 p4 #ij2 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #bcc2 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #eca2 ,plut>*4 ,de ,facie 9 ,orbe ,lun2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' pp4 #hj1 #hi 7s\ls 9 />s74 ,footnote #aga3 ,see ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 pp4 #bfi1 #caa2 ,smi?1 #8,virg9ia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #ed2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bbc2 ,squi]1 #8,abor4 ,mon4 ( ,n4 ,y4' p4 #aef2 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 i4 p4 #ahj4 ,footnote #agb3 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #acd2 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #ajc2 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' pp4 #aja1 #aad1 #bef4 ,footnote #agc3 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #cic2 ,burton1 #8,w4 & ,w4 fr4 ,w4 ,afr4' p4 #ded2 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #bie4 ,footnote #agd3 ,h]odot4 iv4 #aeh1 see #ahe1 & ,rawl9son's note4 ,see ,smi?'s #8,dic4 ( ! ,bible1' s4v4 #8firmam5t4' ,eis5m5g]1 "p i4 p4 #djh4 ,footnote #age3 ,eyre1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cfg4 ,footnote #agf3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iv4 p4 #bdj 7b comp>e "p v4 p4 #djc72 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #agf2 ,sproat1 #8,savage ,life1' p4 #bji4 ,footnote #agg3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 ii4 pp4 #cai1 #cbh2 see ,m>tius1 vol4 i4 p4 #dhe 7,jumanas74 ,footnote #agh3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #djc2 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #dif2 ,k+sbor\gh1 #8,mexico1' ,cod4 ,letelli]1 fol4 #bj4 ,footnote #agi3 ,max ,mll]1 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 p4 #df2 ,ro? 9 #8,zeits*r4 d4 ,deuts*4 ,morg5l4 ,ges4' vol4 iv4 p4 #dbg4 ,footnote #ahj3 ,cross1 #8,k>5s1' l4c4 pp4 #cji1 #cac2 ,le ,jeune 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcd1 p4 #af2 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bgb2 ,callaway1 #8,zulu ,tales1' vol4 i4 p4 #caf2 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 ii4 pp4 #caj1 #cae2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #aci1 #bhf4 ,footnote #aha3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #bbd2 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p ii4 p4 #ace4 ,footnote #ahb3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 i4 p4 #cfd2 ,spix & ,m>tius1 #8,brasili51' vol4 i4 p4 #chc2 ,de ,laet1 ,novus ,orbis1 xv4 #b4 ,footnote #ahc3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #beh4 ,footnote #ahd3 ,magy>1 #8,sd-,afrika1' p4 #ccf4 ,footnote #ahe3 ,edda3 #8,gylfag9n+4' ,footnote #ahf3 #8,koran1' *4 lv4 lvi4 ,footnote #ahg3 ,eis5m5g]1 #8,entdecktes ,jud5?um1' "p i4 p4 #g4 ,footnote #ahh3 ,h>dy1 #8,manual ( ,budhism1' pp4 #e1 #bd2 ,kpp51 #8,rel4 des ,buddha1' vol4 i4 p4 #bce1 c4 ,footnote #ahi3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcf1 p4 #aje4 ,footnote #aij3 ,sahagun1 #8,hi/4 de ,nueva ,espaa1' book iii4 app5dix *4 i41 9 ,k+sbor\gh1 vol4 vii42 ,brasseur1 vol4 iii4 p4 #ega4 ,footnote #aia3 ,casalis1 #8,basutos1' pp4 #bdg1 #bed4 ,footnote #aib3 ,burton1 #8,dahome1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aef2 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #djc2 #8,wit & ,wisdom f ,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #bhj1 #ddi2 see ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #adj4 ,footnote #aic3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #abf1 c42 ,kalewala1 ,rune xv4 xvi4 xlv4 c42 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ghj4 ,footnote #aid3 ,hom]4 ,il4 ix4 #dje2 ,odyss4 xi4 #bah1 #dge2 ,virg4 n4 vi4 #bdc1 c41 c4 ,footnote #aie3 ,g54 xxxv4 #bi2 xxv4 #h2 xxxvii4 #ce2 ,job xi4 #h2 ,amos ix4 #b2 ,psalm lxxxix4 #dh2 ,ezek4 xxxi41 xxxii42 ,isaiah xiv4 #i1 xxxviii4 #aj-ah2 #a ,sam41 xxviii4 #ae2 ,eccles4 ix4 #aj4 #8,records ( ! ,pa/1' vol4 i4 pp4 #ada-i2 ,sayce #8,lectures on ,hi/4 ( ,rel4' "p ii42 ,alg]1 #8,critical ,hi/ory ( ! ,doctr9e ( a ,future ,life1' *4 viii4 ,footnote #aif3 ,! doctr9e ( rev]sal1 z 9 ,kam*atka1 :]e ri* & poor w *ange places 9 ! o!r _w 7,/ell]1 pp4 #bfi-gb71 is too exceptional 9 ! l[] culture to be g5]aliz$4 ,see ,/e9haus]1 #8,rel4 des ,neg]s1' l4 c41 p4 #ace4 ,a ,wol( prov]b is #8,! m p[]ful "o is 9 ?is _w1 ! m s]vile "o w be 9 ! next4' 7,burton1 #8,wit & ,wisdom1' p4 #bh47 ,footnote #aig3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 pp4 #bde1 #cig2 see also ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bcg 7,samoans72 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #aje4 ,footnote #aih3 ,sproat1 #8,savage ,life1' p4 #bji4 ,footnote #aii3 #8,rec4 des ,voy4 au ,nord1' vol4 v4 p4 #bc 7,nat*ez72 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' lib4 i4 c4 #bc1 tr4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham2 ,prescott1 #8,p]u1' vol4 i4 pp4 #bi1 #hc2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #djb1 c4 ,footnote #bjj3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bei4 ,footnote #bja3 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 vi4 p4 #gg2 ,lesc>bot1 #8,hi/4 de la ,n\velle ,france1' ,p>is1 #afai1 p4 #fgi4 ,footnote #bjb3 ,l]y1 #8,hi/4 d'un ,voy4 en ,brsil1' p4 #bcd2 ,coreal1 #8,voi4 aux ,indes ,occ4' i4 p4 #bbd4 ,footnote #bjc3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dcj4 ,footnote #bjd3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 p4 #cbe4 ,footnote #bje3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcf1 p4 #ajd2 see also ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #gfi2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #hi1 #aci4 ,footnote #bjf3 ,*ateaubri&1 #8,voy4 en ,amrique' 7,religion74 ,footnote #bjg3 ,ovi$o1 #8,nic>agua1' p4 #bb2 ,torquemada1 #8,mon>quia ,indiana1' book xiii4 c4 #dh2 ,sahagun1 book iii4 app4 *4 i4-iii4 9 ,k+sbor\gh1 vol4 vii4 ,comp>e ,&]son1 #8,exp4 to ,w4 ,yunnan1' p4 #abe4 7,%ans1 good m5 & mo!rs dy+ 9 *ild-bir? to heav51 bad m5 & ^? kill$ by ! sword to hell47 ,footnote #bjh3 ,alg]1 #8,future ,life1' p4 #ic4 ,footnote #bji3 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #cjj4 ,footnote #baj3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cig2 see also ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bdc4 ,footnote #baa3 ,br9ton1 p4 #bdb1 c4 ,footnote #bab3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #hg1 #bbd4 ,see also ! op9ions ( ,me9]s1 #8,ges*4 d] ,religion1' vol4 ii4 p4 #gfh2 ,wuttke4 #8,ges*4 des ,heid5?ums1' vol4 i4 p4 #aae4 ,footnote #bac3 ,ellis1 l4 c42 ,mo]5h\t1 #8,voyage1' vol4 i4 p4 #dcc4 ,footnote #bad3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #cgh4 ,footnote #bae3 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' lett] x42 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #dja4 ,footnote #baf3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #aha2 see ,mundy1 #8,n>rative1' vol4 i4 p4 #ccb4 ,footnote #bag3 ,macph]son1 p4 #ib4 ,comp>e ,mo]5h\t1 l4 c4 7,tahiti74 ,footnote #bah3 ,mason1 l4 c4 p4 #aie4 ,see also ,de ,brosses1 #8,nav4 aux ,t]res ,au/rales1' vol4 ii4 p4 #dhb 7,c>ol9e ,is474 ,footnote #bai3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #acf1 #add4 ,see ,georgi1 #8,reise im ,russ4 ,rei*1' vol4 i4 p4 #bgh4 ,comp>e acc\nts ( ,purgatory among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 app>5tly d]iv$ f mission>ies1 9 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #afi2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #cde4 ,footnote #bbj3 ,see ,t4 ,wright1 #8,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory4' ,footnote #bba3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #aga1 #aia2 ,b[51 #8,yoruba ,lang4' p4 xvi4 ,see ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 p4 #baj4 ,footnote #bbb3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afce1 p4 #ce2 #afcf1 p4 #aje4 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 ii4 p4 #abg2 ,long's #8,exp4' vol4 i4 p4 #ahj4 ,see ,br9ton1 p4 #bdg2 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aia1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aig2 & ! collection ( my?s ( ! ,heav5-,bridge & ,heav5-,gulf 9 #8,e>ly ,hi/ory ( ,mank9d1' *ap4 xii4 ,footnote #bbc3 ,smi?1 #8,new ,engl&1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #bdd4 ,footnote #bbd3 ,wilson 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #cjc4 ,footnote #bbe3 ,bir*1 ,introduction to & translation ( ! #8,book ( ! ,dead1' 9 ,buns51 vol4 v42 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg4' vol4 v4 ,footnote #bbf3 ,= ref]5ces to ,rig ,v$a see ,muir1 #8,sanskrit ,texts1' sec4 xviii42 ,max ,mll]1 ,lecture on ,v$as 9 #8,essays1' vol4 ii4 ,footnote #bbg3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' new s]4 vol4 ii4 p4 #baj4 ,see ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 iii4 p4 #chg4 ,footnote #bbh3 ,spiegel1 #8,ave/a1' ed4 ,bleek1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #acf1 #afc2 see vol4 i4 pp4 xviii4 #ij1 #ada2 vol4 ii4 p4 #fh4 ,,*apt] ,,xiv4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,animism1 exp&+ f ! ,doctr9e ( ,s\ls to ! wid] ,doctr9e ( ,spirits1 becomes a complete ,philosophy ( ,natural ,religion--,def9ition ( ,spirits simil> to & app>5tly modell$ on t ( ,s\ls--,transition /age3 classes ( ,s\ls pass+ into good & evil ,demons--,manes-,wor%ip--,doctr9e ( ,embodim5t ( ,spirits 9 human1 animal1 vegetable1 & in]t bodies--,demoniacal ,possession & ,obsession z causes ( ,disease & ,oracle-inspiration--,feti%ism--,disease -spirits embodi$--,gho/ atta*$ to rema9s ( ,corpse--,feti% produc$ by a ,_s embodi$ 91 atta*$ to1 or op]at+ ?r\gh1 an ,object--,analogues ( ,feti%-doctr9e 9 ,mod]n ,sci5ce--,/ock-&-,/one ,wor%ip--,idolatry--,survival ( ,animi/ic ,phraseology 9 mod]n ,language--,decl9e ( ,animi/ic !ory ( ,nature4 ,! g5]al s*eme ( ,animism1 ( :i* ! doctr9e ( s\ls hi!rto discuss$ =ms "p1 !nce exp&s to complete ! full g5]al philosophy ( ,natural ,religion among mank9d4 ,con=mably ) t e>ly *ildlike philosophy 9 :i* human life seems ! direct key to ! und]/&+ ( nature at l>ge1 ! savage !ory ( ! univ]se ref]s its ph5om5a 9 g5]al to ! wilful action ( p]vad+ p]sonal spirits4 ,x 0 no spontane\s fancy1 b ! reasonable inf]5ce t effects are due to causes1 :i* l$ ! rude m5 ( old days to p ) su* e!real phantoms _! own homes & haunts1 & ! va/ e>? & sky beyond4 ,spirits are simply p]sonifi$ causes4 ,z m5's ord9>y life & actions 7 held to be caus$ by s\ls1 s ! happy or disa/r\s ev5ts :i* affect mank9d1 z well z ! manifold physical op]ations ( ! out]-_w1 7 acc\nt$ = z caus$ by s\l-l be+s1 spirits ^: ess5tial simil>ity ( orig9 is evid5t ?r\gh all _! wondr\s v>iety ( p[] & function4 ,mu* t ! primitive animi/ic view ?us expla9s1 has be5 inde$ giv5 ov] by m advanc$ education to ! #8metaphysical' & #8positive' /ages ( ?\ght4 ,yet animism is /ill pla9ly to be trac$ onw>d f ! intellectual /ate ( ! l[] races1 along ! c\rse ( ! high] culture1 :e!r its doctr9es h be5 cont9u$ & modifi$ into ! accept$ philosophy ( religion1 or :e!r !y h dw9dl$ into m]e survivals 9 popul> sup]/ition4 ,?\gh all ,i "h und]take is to sket* 9 outl9e su* features ( ?is spirituali/ic philosophy z ,i c see pla9ly en\gh to draw at all1 sc>cely attempt+ to cle> away ! haze t cov]s great p>ts ( ! subject1 yet ev5 s mu* z ,i v5ture on is a h>d task1 made yet h>d] by ! responsibility atta*+ to x4 ,= x appe>s t to foll[ ! c\rse ( animism on f its m primitive /ages1 is to acc\nt = mu* ( m$ival & mod]n op9ion ^: mean+ & reason c\ld h>dly be compreh5d$ )\t ! aid ( a developm5t-!ory ( culture1 tak+ 9 ! v>i\s processes ( new =mation1 abolition1 survival1 & revival4 ,?us ev5 ! despis$ ideas ( savage races become a practically important topic to ! mod]n _w1 = "h1 z usual1 :atev] be>s on ! orig9 ( philosophic op9ion1 be>s also on its validity4 ,at ?is po9t ( ! inve/igation1 we come fully into sight ( ! pr9ciple :i* has be5 all along impli$ 9 ! use ( ! ^w ,animism1 9 a s5se beyond its n>r[] mean+ ( ! doctr9e ( s\ls4 ,by us+ x to express ! doctr9e ( spirits g5]ally1 x is practically ass]t$ t ! idea ( s\ls1 demons1 deities1 & any o!r classes ( spiritual be+s1 are conceptions ( simil> nature ?r\gh\t1 ! conceptions ( s\ls be+ ! orig9al ones ( ! s]ies4 ,x 0 be/1 f ?is po9t ( view1 to beg9 ) a c>eful /udy ( s\ls1 :i* are ! spirits prop] to m51 animals1 & ?+s1 be=e ext5d+ ! survey ( ! _s-_w to its fulle/ range4 ,if x be admitt$ t s\ls & o!r spiritual be+s are conceiv$ ( z ess5tially simil> 9 _! nature1 x may be reasonably argu$ t ! class ( conceptions bas$ on evid5ce mo/ direct & accessible to anci5t m51 is ! e>li] & fundam5tal class4 ,to grant ?is1 is 9 effect to agree t ! doctr9e ( s\ls1 f\nd$ on ! natural p]ceptions ( primitive man1 gave rise to ! doctr9e ( spirits1 :i* ext5ds & modifies its g5]al !ory = new purposes1 b 9 developm5ts less au!nticat$ & consi/5t1 m fanciful & f>-fet*$4 ,x seems z ?\gh ! conception ( a human s\l1 :5 once atta9$ to by man1 s]v$ z a type or model on :i* he fram$ n only 8 ideas ( o!r s\ls ( l[] grade1 b also 8 ideas ( spiritual be+s 9 g5]al1 f ! t9ie/ elf t sports 9 ! long grass up to ! heav5ly ,creator & ,rul] ( ! _w1 ! ,great ,_s4 ,! doctr9es ( ! l[] races fully ju/ify u 9 class+ _! spiritual be+s 9 g5]al z simil> 9 nature to ! s\ls ( m54 ,x w be incid5tally %[n "h1 aga9 & aga91 t s\ls h ! same qualities attribut$ to !m z o!r spirits1 are treat$ 9 l fa%ion1 & pass )\t di/9ct breaks into e "p ( ! g5]al spiritual def9ition4 ,! simil> nature ( s\l & o!r _s is1 9 fact1 "o ( ! commonplaces ( animism1 f its rude/ to its mo/ cultur$ /ages4 ,x ranges f ! native ,new ,zeal&]s' & ,we/ ,indians' conceptions ( ! #8atua' & ! #8cemi1' be+s :i* require special def9ition to %[ :e!r !y are human s\ls or demons or deities ( "s o!r class1#bbi & s onw>d to ! decl>ation ( ,philo ,judu1 t s\ls1 demons1 & angels diff] inde$ 9 "n1 b are 9 reality "o1#bcj & to ! /ate ( m9d ( ! mod]n ,roman ,ca?olic prie/1 :o is caution$ 9 ! rubric conc]n+ ! exam9ation ( a possess$ pati5t1 n to believe ! demon if he pret5ds to be ! s\l ( "s sa9t or deceas$ p]son1 or a good angel 7neque ei cr$atur1 si dmon simul>et se esse animam alicujus ,sancti1 vel defuncti1 vel ,angelum bonum74#bca ,no?+ c br+ m broadly into view ! simil> nature ( s\ls & o!r spiritual be+s ?an ! exi/5ce ( a full transitional s]ies ( ideas4 ,s\ls ( dead m5 are 9 fact consid]$ z actually =m+ "o ( ! mo/ important classes ( demons & deities4 ,x is q usual = savage tribes to live 9 t]ror ( ! s\ls ( ! dead z h>mful spirits4 ,?us ,au/ralians h be5 kn[n to consid] ! gho/s ( ! unburi$ dead z becom+ malignant demons4#bcb ,new ,zeal&]s h suppos$ ! s\ls ( _! dead to become s *ang$ 9 nature z to be malignant to _! ne>e/ & de>e/ fri5ds 9 life2#bcc ! ,c>ibs said t1 ( man's v>i\s s\ls1 "s g to ! sea%ore & capsize boats1 o!rs to ! =e/ to be evil spirits2#bcd among ! ,si\x ,indians ! fe> ( a gho/'s v5geance has be5 f\nd to act z a *eck on murd]2#bce ( "s tribes 9 ,c5tral ,africa x may be said t _! ma9 religi\s doctr9e is ! belief 9 gho/s1 & t ! ma9 *>act]i/ic ( ^! gho/s is to d h>m to ! liv+4#bcf ,! ,patagonians liv$ 9 t]ror ( ! s\ls ( _! wiz>ds1 :i* become evil demons aft] dea?2#bcg ,turanian tribes ( ,nor? ,asia fe> _! %amans ev5 m :5 dead ?an :5 alive1 = !y become a special class ( spirits :o are ! hurtfulle/ 9 all nature1 & :o among ! ,mongols plague ! liv+ on purpose to make !m br+ (f]+s4#bch ,9 ,*9a x is held t ! multitudes ( wret*$ de/itute spirits 9 ! _w bel[1 su* z s\ls ( lep]s & begg>s1 c sorely annoy ! liv+2 !re=e at c]ta9 times !y are to be appeas$ ) (f]+s ( food1 scant & begg>ly2 & a man :o feels unwell1 or fe>s a mi%ap 9 bus9ess1 w prud5tly h "s mock-clo?+ & mock-money burnt = ^! #8g5tlem5 ( ! l[] regions4'#bci ,notions ( ?is sort are widely preval5t 9 ,indo-,*9a & ,india2 :ole ord]s ( demons !re 7 =m]ly human s\ls1 especially ( p left unburi$ or sla9 by plague or viol5ce1 ( ba*elors or ( wom5 :o di$ 9 *ildbir?1 & :o h5ce=? wreak _! v5geance on ! liv+4 ,!y may1 h[ev]1 be propitiat$ by temples & (f]+s1 & ?us h become 9 fact a regul> class ( local deities4#bdj ,among !m may be c\nt$ ! diabolic s\l ( a c]ta9 wick$ ,briti% (fic]1 :om native wor%ipp]s 9 ! ,t9nevelly di/rict /ill propitiate by (f]+ at 8 grave ! br&y & *]oots he lov$ 9 life4#bda ,india ev5 c>ri$ !ory into practice by an actual manufacture ( demons1 z witness ! two foll[+ acc\nts4 ,a c]ta9 brahman1 on ^: l&s a k%atriya raja _h built a h\se1 ripp$ himself up 9 rev5ge1 & became a demon ( ! k9d call$ brahmadasyu1 :o has be5 ev] s9ce ! t]ror ( ! :ole c\ntry1 & is ! mo/ common village deity 9 ,kh>akpur4#bdb ,t[>d ! close ( ! la/ c5tury !re 7 two brahmans1 out ( ^: h\se a man _h wrongfully1 z !y ?\ght1 tak5 =ty rupees2 :]eupon "o ( ! brahmans proce$$ to cut (f 8 own "m's head1 ) ! pr(ess$ view1 ent]ta9$ by bo? "m & son1 t h] _s1 excit$ by ! beat+ ( a l>ge drum dur+ =ty days1 might haunt1 torm5t1 & pursue to dea? ! tak] ( _! money & ^? conc]n$ ) him4 ,decl>+ ) h] la/ words t %e w\ld bla/ ! ?ief1 ! spiteful hag delib]ately gave up h] life to take gho/ly v5geance = ^? =ty rupees4#bdc ,by in/ances l ^! x appe>s t we may trace up f ! psy*ology ( ! l[] races ! famili> anci5t & mod]n ,european tales ( baleful gho/-demons4 ,! old fe> ev5 n[ cont9ues to v\* = ! old belief4 ,happily = man's anticipation ( dea?1 & = ! treatm5t ( ! sick & ag$1 ?\ghts ( horror & hatr$ d n prepond]ate 9 ideas ( deifi$ ance/ors1 :o are reg>d$ on ! :ole z k9dly patron spirits1 at lea/ to _! own k9sfolk & wor%ipp]s4 ,manes-wor%ip is "o ( ! great bran*es ( ! religion ( mank9d4 ,its pr9ciples are n difficult to und]/&1 = !y pla9ly keep up ! social relations ( ! liv+ _w4 ,! dead ance/or1 n[ pass$ into a deity1 simply goes on protect+ 8 own family & receiv+ suit & s]vice f !m z ( old2 ! dead *ief /ill wat*es ov] 8 own tribe1 /ill holds 8 au?ority by help+ fri5ds & h>m+ enemies1 /ill rew>ds ! "r & %>ply puni%es ! wrong4 ,x w be en\gh to %[ by a few *>act]i/ic examples ! g5]al position ( manes-wor%ip among mank9d1 f ! l[] culture upw>d4#bdd ,9 ! two ,am]icas x appe>s n unfrequ5tly1 f ! l[ savage level ( ! ,brazilian ,camacans1 to ! some:at high] /age ( nor!rn ,indian tribes :om we he> ( z pray+ to ! spirits ( _! =efa!rs = good wea!r or luck 9 hunt+1 & fancy+ :5 an ,indian falls into ! fire t ! ance/ral spirits pu%$ him 9 to puni% neglect ( ! cu/om>y gifts1 :ile ! ,nat*ez ( ,l\isiana are said to h ev5 gone s f> z to build temples = dead m54#bde ,turn+ to ! d>k races ( ! ,pacific1 we f9d ! ,tasmanians lay+ _! sick r\nd a corpse on ! fun]al pile1 t ! dead might come 9 ! night & take out ! devils t caus$ ! diseases2 x is ass]t$ 9 a g5]al way ( ! natives1 t !y believ$ mo/ implicitly 9 ! return ( ! spirits ( _! dep>t$ fri5ds or relations to bless or injure !m z ! case might be4#bdf ,9 ,tanna1 ! gods are spirits ( dep>t$ ance/ors1 ag$ *iefs becom+ deities aft] dea?1 presid+ ov] ! gr[? ( yams & fruit trees1 & receiv+ f ! isl&]s pray] & (f]+s ( fir/ fruits4#bdg ,nor are ! fair] ,polynesians beh9d 9 ?is respect4 ,bel[ ! great my?ological gods ( ,tonga & ,new ,zeal&1 ! s\ls ( *iefs & w>riors =m a l[] b active & p[]ful ord] ( deities1 :o 9 ! ,tongan p>adise int]c$e = man's b5efit ) ! high] deities1 :o direct ! ,maori w> p>ties on ! m>*1 hov] ov] !m & give !m c\rage 9 ! fight1 &1 wat*+ jeal\sly _! own tribes & families1 puni% any violation ( ! sacr$ laws ( tapu4#bdh ,!nce we trace ! doctr9e into ! ,malay isl&s1 :]e ! s\ls ( deceas$ ance/ors are look$ to = prosp]ity 9 life & help 9 di/ress4#bdi ,9 ,madagasc>1 ! wor%ip ( ! spirits ( ! dead is rem>kably associat$ ) ! ,vazimbas1 ! aborig9es ( ! isl&1 :o are said /ill to survive z a di/9ct race 9 ! int]ior1 & ^: peculi> graves te/ify to _! =m] occupancy ( o!r di/ricts4 ,^! graves1 small 9 size1 & di/+ui%$ by a cairn & an upright /one slab or alt>1 are places :i* ! ,malagasy reg>d ) equal fe> & v5]ation1 & _! faces become sad & s]i\s :5 !y ev5 pass ne>4 ,to take a /one or pluck a twig f "o ( ^! graves1 to /umble aga9/ "o 9 ! d>k1 w\ld be res5t$ by ! angry ,vazimba inflict+ disease1 or com+ 9 ! night to c>ry (f ! (f5d] to ! region ( gho/s4 ,! ,malagasy is ?us enabl$ to acc\nt = e o!rwise unacc\ntable ailm5t by 8 hav+ kn[+ly or unkn[+ly giv5 (f5ce to "s ,vazimba4 ,!y are n inde$ always malevol5t1 !y may be placable or implacable1 or p>take ( bo? *>act]s4 ,?us x comes to pass1 t at ! alt>-slab :i* long ago "s rude native family set up = commemoration or dutiful (f]+ ( food to a dead k9sman1 a b>b>ic supplant+ race n[ comes to sme> ! burnt fat ( sacrifice1 & set up ! heads ( p\ltry & %eep & ! horns ( bullocks1 t ! my/]i\s t5ant may be k9d1 n cruel1 ) 8 sup]human p[]s4#bej ,on ! cont95t ( ,africa1 manes-wor%ip appe>s ) extreme/ def9it5ess & /r5g?4 ,?us ,zulu w>riors1 aid$ by ! #8amatongo1' ! spirits ( _! ance/ors1 conqu] 9 ! battle2 b if ! dead turn _! backs on ! liv+1 ! liv+ fall 9 ! fight1 to become ance/ral spirits 9 _! turn4 ,9 ang] ! #8itongo' seizes a liv+ man's body & inflicts disease & dea?2 9 b5efic5ce he gives heal?1 & cattle1 & corn1 & all m5 wi%4 ,ev5 ! little *ildr5 & old wom51 ( small acc\nt 9 life1 become at dea? spirits hav+ mu* p[]1 ! infants = k9dness1 ! crones = malice4 ,b x is especially ! head ( ea* family :o receives ! wor%ip ( 8 k94 ,:y x is naturally & reasonably s1 a ,zulu ?us expla9s4 #8,al?\gh !y wor%ip ! _m ,amatongo ( _! tribe1 mak+ a great f5ce ar\nd !m = _! protection2 yet _! fa!r is f> be=e all o!rs :5 !y wor%ip ! ,amatongo4 ,_! fa!r is a great treasure to !m ev5 :5 he is dead4 ,& ^? ( 8 *ildr5 :o are already gr[n up "k him ?or\ghly1 8 g5tl5ess1 & 8 brav]y4' #8,black p d n wor%ip all ,amatongo indiff]5tly1 t is1 all ! dead ( _! tribe4 ,speak+ g5]ally1 ! head ( ea* h\se is wor%ipp$ by ! *ildr5 ( t h\se2 = !y d n "k ! anci5ts :o are dead1 nor _! laud-giv+ names1 nor _! names4 ,b _! fa!r :om !y knew is ! head by :om !y beg9 & end 9 _! pray]1 = !y "k him be/1 & 8 love = 8 *ildr52 !y rememb] 8 k9dness to !m :il/ he 0 liv+2 !y comp>e 8 treatm5t ( !m :il/ he 0 liv+1 support !mselves by x1 & say1 8,he w /ill treat u 9 ! same way n[ he is dead4 ,we d n "k :y he %\ld reg>d o!rs besides u2 he w reg>d u only40'#bea ,x w be se5 9 ano!r place h[ ! ,zulu foll[s up ! doctr9e ( div9e ance/ors till he rea*es a fir/ ance/or ( man & creator ( ! _w1 ! primval ,unkulunkulu4 ,9 ,we/ ,africa1 manes-wor%ip displays 9 contra/ its two special types4 ,on ! "o h&1 we see ! ,nor? ,gu9ea negroes transf]r+ ! s\ls ( ! dead1 accord+ to _! lives1 to ! rank ( good & evil spirits1 & if evil wor%ipp+ !m ! m zeal\sly1 z fe> is to _! m9ds a /rong] impulse ?an love4 ,on ! o!r h&1 9 ,s\!rn ,gu9ea1 we see ! deep respect paid to ! ag$ dur+ life1 pass+ into wor%ip :5 dea? has rais$ !m to yet high] influ5ce4 ,!re ! liv+ br+ to ! images ( ! dead food & dr9k1 & ev5 a small portion ( _! pr(its ga9$ 9 trade2 !y look especially to dead relatives = help 9 ! trials ( life1 & #8x is no uncommon ?+ to see l>ge gr\ps ( m5 & wom51 9 times ( p]il or di/ress1 assembl$ along ! br[ ( "s comm&+ em95ce1 or along ! skirts ( "s d5se =e/1 call+ 9 ! mo/ pite\s & t\*+ tones ^u ! spirits ( _! ance/ors4'#beb ,9 ,asia1 manes-wor%ip comes to ! surface 9 all directions4 ,! rude ,v$das ( ,ceylon believe 9 ! gu>dian%ip ( ! spirits ( ! dead2 ^!1 !y say1 are #8ev] wat*ful1 com+ to !m 9 sickness1 visit+ !m 9 dreams1 giv+ !m fle% :5 hunt+2' & 9 e calamity & want !y call = aid on ! #8k9dr$ spirits1' & especially ! %ades ( dep>t$ *ildr51 ! #8infant spirits4'#bec ,among non-,h9du tribes ( ,india1 ^: religions m or less repres5t pr-,brahmanic & pr-,buddhi/ic conditions1 wide & deep traces appe> ( an anci5t & surviv+ cultus ( ance/ors4#bed ,among ,turanian tribes spread ov] ! nor!rn regions ( ! ,old ,_w1 a simil> /ate ( ?+s may be in/anc$ f ! ,mongols1 wor%ipp+ z good deities ! pr9cely s\ls ( ,g5ghis ,khan's family1 at ^: head /&s ! div9e ,g5ghis himself4#bee ,nor h nations ( ! high] ,asiatic culture g5]ally reject$ ! "t-hon\r$ rite4 ,9 ,japan ! #8,way ( ! ,kami1' bett] kn[n to =eign]s z ! ,s9-tu religion1 is "o ( ! (ficially recogniz$ fai?s1 & 9 x !re is /ill kept up 9 hut & palace ! religion ( ! rude old m\nta9-tribes ( ! l&1 :o wor%ipp$ _! div9e ance/ors1 ! ,kami1 & pray$ to !m = help & bless+4 ,to ! "t ( ^! anci5t ,kami1 say ! mod]n ,japanese1 ! rude /one implem5ts belong :i* are f\nd 9 ! gr\nd 9 ,japan z else:]e3 to mod]n e?nologi/s1 h[ev]1 ^! be> witness n ( div9e b savage p>5tage4#bef ,9 ,siam ! l[] ord]s scruple to wor%ip ! great gods1 le/ ?r\gh ignorance !y %\ld blund] 9 ! complex ritual2 !y pref] to pray to ! #8!p>ak1' a l[] class ( deities among :om ! s\ls ( great m5 take _! places at dea?4#beg ,9 ,*9a1 z e "o kn[s1 ance/or-wor%ip is ! dom9ant religion ( ! l&1 & int]e/+ problems are op5$ out to ! ,we/]n m9d by ! spectacle ( a great p :o = ?\s&s ( ye>s h be5 ?us seek+ ! liv+ among ! dead4 ,n[h]e is ! connexion betwe5 p>5tal au?ority & cons]vatism m graphically %[n4 ,! wor%ip ( ance/ors1 begun dur+ _! life1 is n int]rupt$ b int5sifi$ :5 dea? makes !m deities4 ,! ,*9ese1 pro/rate bodily & m5tally be=e ! memorial tablets t conta9 ! s\ls ( 8 ance/ors1 little ?9ks t he is all ! :ile prov+ to mank9d h[ va/ a p[] unlimit$ filial ob$i5ce1 prohibit+ *ange f ance/ral in/itutions1 may ex]t 9 /opp+ ! advance ( civilization4 ,! ?\ght ( ! s\ls ( ! dead z %>+ ! happ9ess & glory ( _! desc5dants is "o :i* widely p]vades ! _w1 b mo/ su* ideas w\ld seem vague & weak to ! ,*9ese1 :o w try h>d = hon\r 9 8 competitive exam9ation ) ! special motive ( glorify+ 8 dead ance/ors1 & ^: titles ( rank w raise 8 deceas$ fa!r & gr&fa!r a grade above himself1 z ?\gh1 ) u1 ,za*>y ,macaulay & ,copley ! pa9t] %\ld n[ h visc\nts' coronets (ficially plac$ on _! tomb/ones4 ,z s (t5 happ5s1 :at is je/ to "o p is sob] s5se to ano!r4 ,!re are #cjj millions ( ,*9ese :o w\ld h>dly see a joke 9 ,*>les ,lamb revil+ ! /upid age t w\ld n read him1 & decl>+ t he w\ld write = antiquity4 ,_h he be5 a ,*9ese himself1 he might h writt5 8 book 9 all s]i\sness = ! b5efit ( 8 great-great-gr&fa!r4 ,among ! ,*9ese1 manes-wor%ip is no rite ( m]e affection4 ,! liv+ want ! help ( ! ance/ral spirits1 :o rew>d virtue & puni% vice3 #8,! exalt$ ance/or w br+ !e1 ,o ,pr9ce1 mu* good6'--#8,ance/ors & fa!rs w ab&on y & give y up1 & come n to help1 & ye w die4' ,if no help comes 9 "t ( ne$1 ! ,*9ese w reproa* 8 ance/or1 or ev5 come to d\bt 8 exi/5ce4 ,?us 9 a ,*9ese ode ! suff]]s 9 a dreadful dr\ght cry1 #8,heu-tsi _c or w n help4444 ,our ance/ors h surely p]i%$4444 ,fa!r1 "m1 ance/ors1 h[ c\ld y calmly be> ?is8' ,nor does manes-wor%ip /op %ort ) direct family ties2 x is naturally develop$ to produce1 by deification ( ! h]oic dead1 a s]ies ( sup]ior gods to :om wor%ip is giv5 by ! public at l>ge4 ,?us1 accord+ to leg5d1 ! ,w>-god or ,milit>y ,sage 0 once 9 human life a di/+ui%$ soldi]1 ! ,me*anics' god 0 a skilful workman & inv5tor ( tools1 ! ,sw9e-god 0 a hog-bre$] :o lo/ 8 pigs & di$ ( sorr[1 & ! ,gambl]s' god1 a desp]ate game/] :o lo/ 8 all & di$ ( want1 is repres5t$ by a hide\s image call$ a #8devil gambl+ = ca%1' & 9 ?is %ape receives ! pray]s & (f]+s ( confirm$ gambl]s1 8 vot>ies4 ,! spirits ( ,san-kea ,ta-te1 & ,*ang-yu5-sze g to p>take ( ! (f]+s set out 9 _! temples1 return+ flu%$ & florid f _! meal2 & ! _s ( ,confucius is pres5t 9 ! temple1 :]e twice a ye> ! ,emp]or does sacrifice to him4#beh ,! ,h9du unites 9 "s degree ) ! ,*9ese z to ance/or-wor%ip1 & especially z to ! necessity ( hav+ a son by blood or adoption1 :o %all (f] ! prop] sacrifices to him aft] dea?4 #8,may !re be born 9 our l9eage1' ! manes are suppos$ to say1 #8a man to (f] to u1 on ! ?irte5? day ( ! moon1 rice boil$ 9 milk1 honey & ghee4' ,(f]+s made to ! div9e manes1 ! #8pit>as' 7patres1 fa!rs7 z !y are call$1 prec$$ & foll[$ by (f]+s to ! great] deities1 give to ! wor%ipp] m]it & happ9ess4#bei ,9 classic ,europe1 apo!osis lies "p )9 ! limits ( my?1 :]e x 0 appli$ to fabl$ ance/ors1 & "p )9 ! limits ( actual hi/ory1 z :]e ,julius & ,augu/us %>$ its hon\rs ) ! vile ,domitian & ,commodus4 ,! mo/ special repres5tatives ( ance/or-wor%ip 9 ,europe 7 p]haps ! anci5t ,romans1 ^: ^w #8manes' has become ! recogniz$ "n = ance/ral deities 9 mod]n civiliz$ language2 !y embodi$ !m z images1 set !m up z h\sehold patrons1 gratifi$ !m ) (f]+s & solemn homage1 & c\nt+ !m z or among ! inf]nal gods1 inscrib$ on tombs ,d4 ,m41 #8,diis ,manibus4'#bfj ,! occurr5ce ( ?is ,d4 ,m4 9 ,*ri/ian epitaphs is an (t5-notic$ case ( religi\s survival4 ,al?\gh full ance/or-wor%ip is n practis$ 9 mod]n ,*ri/5dom1 !re rema9s ev5 n[ )9 its limits a well-m>k$ wor%ip ( ! dead4 ,a cr[d ( sa9ts1 :o 7 once m5 & wom51 n[ =m an ord] ( inf]ior deities1 active 9 ! affairs ( m5 & receiv+ f !m rev]5ce & pray]1 ?us com+ /rictly "u ! def9ition ( manes4 ,?is ,*ri/ian cultus ( ! dead1 belong+ 9 pr9ciple to ! old] manes-wor%ip1 0 adapt$ to answ] ano!r purpose 9 ! c\rse ( religi\s transition 9 ,europe4 ,! local gods1 ! patron gods ( p>ticul> ranks & crafts1 ! gods f :om m5 s\ght special help 9 special ne$s1 7 too ne> & de> to ! inmo/ he>t ( pr-,*ri/ian ,europe to be done away ) )\t sub/itutes4 ,x prov$ easi] to replace !m by sa9ts :o c\ld und]take _! p>ticul> pr(essions1 & ev5 succe$ !m 9 _! sacr$ dwell+s4 ,! sy/em ( spiritual division ( lab\r 0 9 "t work$ out ) wond]ful m9ut5ess 9 ! va/ array ( pr(essional sa9ts1 among :om ! mo/ famili> to mod]n ,engli% e>s are ,/4 ,cecilia1 patroness ( musicians2 ,/4 ,luke1 patron ( pa9t]s2 ,/4 ,pet]1 ( fi%mong]s2 ,/4 ,val5t9e1 ( lov]s2 ,/4 ,seba/ian1 ( ar*]s2 ,/4 ,crisp91 ( cobbl]s2 ,/4 ,hub]t1 :o cures ! bite ( mad dogs2 ,/4 ,vitus1 :o deliv]s madm5 & suff]]s f ! disease :i* be>s 8 "n2 ,/4 ,fiacre1 ^: "n is n[ less kn[n by 8 %r9e ?an by ! hackney-coa*es call$ aft] him 9 ! sev5te5? c5tury4 ,n to dwell "h m9utely on an (t5-treat$ topic1 x w be en\gh to t\* on two p>ticul> po9ts4 ,fir/1 z to ! direct hi/orical succession ( ! ,*ri/ian sa9t to ! hea!n deity1 ! foll[+ are two v p]fect illu/rations4 ,x is well kn[n t ,romulus1 m9dful ( 8 own adv5tur\s infancy1 became aft] dea? a ,roman deity propiti\s to ! heal? & safety ( "y *ildr51 s t nurses & mo!rs w\ld c>ry sickly infants to pres5t !m 9 8 little r\nd temple at ! foot ( ! ,palat9e4 ,9 aft] ages ! temple 0 replac$ by ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,!odorus1 & !re ,dr4 ,cony]s ,middleton1 :o drew public att5tion to its curi\s hi/ory1 us$ to look 9 & see t5 or a doz5 wom51 ea* ) a sick *ild 9 h] lap1 sitt+ 9 sil5t rev]5ce be=e ! alt> ( ! sa9t4 ,! c]emony ( bless+ *ildr51 especially aft] vacc9ation1 may /ill be se5 !re on ,?ursday morn+s4#bfa ,aga91 ,/s4 ,cosmas & ,damianus1 accord+ to ,maury1 owe _! recogniz$ (fice to a simil> curi\s tra9 ( ev5ts4 ,!y 7 m>tyrs :o suff]$ "u ,diocletian1 at g 9 ,cilicia4 ,n[ ?is place 0 celebrat$ = ! wor%ip ( sculapius1 9 ^: temple incubation1 i4e4 sleep+ = oracul> dreams1 0 practis$4 ,x seems z ?\gh ! idea 0 transf]r$ on ! spot to ! two local sa9ts1 = we next he> ( !m z appe>+ 9 a dream to ! ,emp]or ,ju/9ian1 :5 he 0 ill at ,byzantium4 ,!y cur$ him1 he built !m a temple1 _! cultus spread f> & wide1 & !y frequ5tly appe>$ to ! sick to %[ !m :at !y %\ld d4 ,leg5d settl$ t ,cosmas & ,damianus 7 physicians :ile !y liv$ on e>?1 & at any rate !y are patron-sa9ts ( ! pr(ession ( m$ic9e to ?is day4#bfb ,second1 z to ! actual /ate ( hagiolatry 9 mod]n ,europe1 x is obvi\s on a broad view t x is decl9+ among ! educat$ classes4 ,yet mod]n examples may be br\ght =w>d to %[ ideas z extreme z ^? :i* prevail$ m widely a ?\s& ye>s ago4 ,9 ! ,*ur* ( ! ,jesuit ,college at ,rome lies buri$ ,/4 ,aloysius ,gonzaga1 on ^: fe/ival x is cu/om>y especially = ! college /ud5ts to write lett]s to him1 :i* are plac$ on 8 gaily decorat$ & illum9at$ alt>1 & aft]w>ds burnt unop5$4 ,! miracul\s answ]+ ( ^! lett]s is v\*$ = 9 an ,engli% book ( #ahgj4 ,to ! same ye> belongs an ,engli% tract commemorat+ a late miracul\s cure4 ,an ,italian lady afflict$ ) a tum\r & incipi5t canc] ( ! brea/ 0 exhort$ by a ,jesuit prie/ to recomm5d h]self to ! ,bless$ ,john ,b]*mans1 a pi\s ,jesuit novice f ,belgium1 :o di$ 9 #afba1 & 0 beatifi$ 9 #ahfe4 ,h] advis] procur$ = h] #8?ree small packets ( du/ ga!r$ f ! c(f9 ( ?is sa9tly innoc5t1 a little cross made ( ! bo>ds ( ! room ! bless$ y\? occupi$1 z well z "s portion ( ! wadd+ 9 :i* 8 v5]able head 0 wrapp$4' ,dur+ n9e days' devotion ! pati5t accord+ly invok$ ! ,bless$ ,john1 swall[$ small portions ( 8 du/ 9 wat]1 & at la/ press$ ! cross to h] brea/ s vehem5tly t %e 0 seiz$ ) sickness1 w5t to sleep1 & awoke )\t a symptom ( ! compla9t4 ,& :5 ,dr4 ,panegrossi ! physician beheld ! incr$ible cure1 & he>d t ! pati5t _h address$ h]self to ! ,bless$ ,b]*mans1 he b[$ 8 head1 say+1 #8,:5 su* physicians int]f]e1 we h no?+ m to say6'#bfc ,to sum up ! :ole hi/ory ( manes-wor%ip1 x is pla9 t 9 our "t ! dead /ill receive wor%ip f f> ! l>g] half ( mank9d1 & x may h be5 mu* ! same ev] s9ce ! remote p]iods ( primitive culture 9 :i* ! religion ( ! manes probably took its rise4 ,x has n[ be5 se5 t ! !ory ( s\ls recognizes !m z capable ei!r ( indep5d5t exi/5ce1 or ( inhabit+ human1 animal1 or o!r bodies4 ,on ! pr9ciple "h ma9ta9$1 t ! g5]al !ory ( spirits is modell$ on ! !ory ( s\ls1 we %all be able to acc\nt = sev]al important bran*es ( ! l[] philosophy ( religion1 :i* )\t su* explanation may appe> 9 great measure obscure or absurd4 ,l s\ls1 o!r spirits are suppos$ able ei!r to exi/ & act flitt+ free ab\t ! _w1 or to become incorporate = m or less "t 9 solid bodies4 ,x w be well at once to get a secure grasp ( ?is !ory ( ,embodim5t1 = )\t x we %all be /opp$ e mom5t by a difficulty 9 und]/&+ ! nature ( spirits1 z def9$ 9 ! l[] animism4 ,! !ory ( embodim5t s]ves sev]al highly important purposes 9 savage & b>b>ian philosophy4 ,on ! "o h& x provides an explanation ( ! ph5om5a ( morbid exaltation & d]angem5t1 especially z connect$ ) abnormal utt]ance1 & ?is view is s f> ext5d$ z to produce an almo/ g5]al doctr9e ( disease4 ,on ! o!r h&1 x enables ! savage ei!r to #8lay' a hurtful _s 9 "s =eign body1 & s get rid ( x1 or to c>ry ab\t a useful _s = 8 s]vice 9 a mat]ial object1 to set x up z a deity = wor%ip 9 ! body ( an animal1 or 9 a block or /one or image or o!r ?+1 :i* conta9s ! _s z a vessel conta9s a fluid3 ?is is ! key to /rict feti%ism1 & 9 no small measure to idolatry4 ,9 briefly consid]+ ^! v>i\s bran*es ( ! ,embodim5t-!ory1 !re may be conv5i5tly includ$ c]ta9 gr\ps ( cases (t5 impossible to di/+ui% ap>t4 ,^! cases belong !oretically r to obsession ?an possession1 ! spirits n actually inhabit+ ! bodies1 b hang+ or hov]+ ab\t !m & affect+ !m f ! outside4 ,z 9 normal conditions ! man's s\l1 inhabit+ 8 body1 is held to give x life1 to ?9k1 speak1 & act ?r\gh x1 s an adaptation ( ! self-same pr9ciple expla9s abnormal conditions ( body or m9d1 by consid]+ ! new symptoms z due to ! op]ation ( a second s\l-l be+1 a /range _s4 ,! possess$ man1 toss$ & %ak5 9 fev]1 pa9$ & wr5*$ z ?\gh "s live creature 7 te>+ or twi/+ him )91 p9+ z ?\gh x 7 dev\r+ 8 vitals day by day1 rationally f9ds a p]sonal spiritual cause = 8 suff]+s4 ,9 hide\s dreams he may ev5 sometimes see ! v gho/ or nightm>e-fi5d t plagues him4 ,especially :5 ! my/]i\s unse5 p[] ?r[s him helpless on ! gr\nd1 j]ks & wri!s him 9 convulsions1 makes him leap ^u ! by/&]s ) a giant's /r5g? & a wild bea/'s f]ocity1 impels him1 ) di/ort$ face & frantic ge/ure1 & voice n 8 own nor seem+ly ev5 human1 to p\r =? wild incoh]5t rav+1 or ) ?\ght & eloqu5ce beyond 8 sob] faculties to comm&1 to c\nsel1 to =etell--su* a "o seems to ^? :o wat* him1 & ev5 to himself1 to h become ! m]e in/rum5t ( a _s :i* has seiz$ him or ent]$ into him1 a possess+ demon 9 ^: p]sonality ! pati5t believes s implicitly t he (t5 imag9es a p]sonal "n = x1 :i* x c decl>e :5 x speaks 9 its own voice & "* ?r\gh 8 organs ( spee*2 at la/1 quitt+ ! m$ium's sp5t & jad$ body1 ! intrud+ _s dep>ts z x came4 ,?is is ! savage !ory ( dmoniacal possession & obsession1 :i* has be5 = ages1 & /ill rema9s1 ! dom9ant !ory ( disease & inspiration among ! l[] races4 ,x is obvi\sly bas$ on an animi/ic int]pretation1 mo/ g5u9e & rational 9 its prop] place 9 man's intellectual hi/ory1 ( ! actual symptoms ( ! cases4 ,! g5]al doctr9e ( disease-spirits & oracle-spirits appe>s to h its e>lie/1 broade/1 & mo/ consi/5t position )9 ! limits ( savag]y4 ,:5 we h ga9$ a cle> idea ( x 9 ?is its orig9al home1 we %all be able to trace x along f grade to grade ( civilization1 break+ away piecemeal "u ! influ5ce ( new m$ical !ories1 yet sometimes exp&+ 9 revival1 & at lea/ 9 l+]+ survival hold+ its place into ! mid/ ( our mod]n life4 ,! possession-!ory is n m]ely kn[n to u by ! /atem5ts ( ^? :o describe diseases 9 accordance ) x4 ,disease be+ acc\nt$ = by attack ( spirits1 x naturally foll[s t to get rid ( ^! spirits is ! prop] means ( cure4 ,?us ! practices ( ! exorci/ appe> side by side ) ! doctr9e ( possession1 f its fir/ appe>ance 9 savag]y to its survival 9 mod]n civilization2 & no?+ c\ld display m vividly ! conception ( a disease or a m5tal affection z caus$ by a p]sonal spiritual be+ ?an ! proce$+s ( ! exorci/ :o talks to x1 coaxes or ?reat5s x1 makes (f]+s to x1 entices or drives x out ( ! pati5t's body1 & induces x to take up its abode 9 "s o!r4 ,t ! two great effects ascrib$ to su* spiritual influ5ce 9 obsession & possession1 namely1 ! infliction ( ailm5ts & ! inspiration ( oracles1 are n only mix$ up toge!r b (t5 run into absolute co9cid5ce1 accords ) ! view t bo? results are ref]r$ to "o common cause4 ,also t ! intrud+ or invad+ _s may be ei!r a human s\l or may belong to "s o!r class 9 ! spiritual hi]>*y1 c\nt5ances ! op9ion t ! possession-!ory is d]iv$ f1 & inde$ modell$ on1 ! ord9>y !ory ( ! s\l act+ on ! body4 ,9 illu/rat+ ! doctr9e by typical examples f ! enorm\s mass ( available details1 x w h>dly be possible to discrim9ate among ! op]at+ spirits1 betwe5 ^? :i* are s\ls & ^? :i* are demons1 nor to draw an exact l9e betwe5 obsession by a demon outside & possession by a demon inside1 nor betwe5 ! condition ( ! demon-torm5t$ pati5t & ! demon-actuat$ doctor1 se]1 or prie/4 ,9 a ^w1 ! confusion ( ^! conceptions 9 ! savage m9d only fairly repres5ts _! intimate connexion 9 ! ,possession-!ory itself4 ,9 ! ,au/ralian-,tasmanian di/rict1 disease & dea? are ascrib$ to m or less def9$ spiritual influ5ces2 descriptions ( a demon work+ a sorc]]'s wick$ w by com+ slyly beh9d 8 victim & hitt+ him ) 8 club on ! back ( 8 neck1 & ( a dead man's gho/ ang]$ by hav+ 8 "n utt]$1 & creep+ up into ! utt]]'s body to consume 8 liv]1 are inde$ peculi>ly graphic details ( savage animism4#bfd ,! !ory ( disease-spirits is well /at$ 9 its extreme =m among ! ,m9tira1 a l[ race ( ! ,malay p59sula4 ,_! #8hantu' or spirits h among _! functions t ( caus+ ailm5ts2 ?us ! #8hantu kalumbahan' causes small-pox2 ! #8hantu kamang' br+s on inflammation & swell+s 9 ! h&s & feet2 :5 a p]son is w\nd$1 ! #8hantu p>i' fa/5s on ! w\nd & sucks1 & ?is is ! cause ( ! blood fl[+4 ,& ?us1 z ! describ] says1 #8,to enum]ate ! rema9d] ( ! hantus w\ld be m]ely to conv]t ! "n ( e species ( disease kn[n to ! ,m9tira into a prop] "o4 ,if any new disease appe>$1 x w\ld be ascrib$ to a hantu be>+ ! same "n4'#bfe ,x w help u to an idea ( ! di/9ct p]sonality :i* ! disease-demon has 9 ! m9ds ( ! l[] races1 to notice ! ,orang ,laut ( ?is di/rict plac+ ?orns & bru% 9 ! pa?s lead+ to a "p :]e small-pox _h brok5 out1 to keep ! demons (f2 j z ! ,khonds ( ,orissa try ) ?orns1 & dit*es1 & /9k+ oil p\r$ on ! gr\nd1 to b>ricade ! pa?s to _! hamlets aga9/ ! goddess ( small-pox1 ,jugah ,p5nu4#bff ,among ! ,dayaks ( ,borneo1 #8to h be5 smitt5 by a _s' is to be ill2 sickness may be caus$ by invisible spirits inflict+ invisible w\nds ) invisible spe>s1 or ent]+ m5's bodies & driv+ out _! s\ls1 or lodg+ 9 _! he>ts & mak+ !m rav+ mad4 ,9 ! ,indian ,ar*ipelago1 ! p]sonal semi-human nature ( ! disease-spirits is cle>ly ackn[l$g$ by appeas+ !m ) fea/s & dances & (f]+s ( food set out = !m away 9 ! woods1 to induce !m to quit _! victims1 or by s5d+ t9y proas to sea ) (f]+s1 t spirits :i* h tak5 up _! abode 9 sick m5's b[els may emb>k & n come back4#bfg ,! animi/ic !ory ( disease is /rongly m>k$ 9 ,polynesia1 :]e e sickness is ascrib$ to spiritual action ( deities1 br\ght on by ! (f]+s ( enemies1 or by ! victim's violation ( ! laws ( tapu4 ,?us 9 ,new ,zeal& ea* ailm5t is caus$ by a _s1 p>ticul>ly an infant or undevelop$ human _s1 :i* s5t into ! pati5t's body gnaws & fe$s inside2 & ! exorci/1 f9d+ ! pa? by :i* su* a disease-_s came f bel[ to fe$ on ! vitals ( a sick relative1 w p]suade x by a *>m to get ^u a flax-/alk & set (f home4 ,we he>1 too1 ( an idea ( ! p>ts ( ! body--=ehead1 brea/1 /oma*1 feet1 c4--be+ apportion$ ea* to a deity :o inflicts a*es & pa9s & ailm5ts !re4#bfh ,s 9 ! ,samoan gr\p1 :5 a man 0 ne> dea?1 p 7 anxi\s to "p on good t]ms ) him1 feel+ assur$ t if he di$ ) angry feel+s t[>ds any "o1 he w\ld c]ta9ly return & br+ calamity on t p]son or "s "o closely alli$ to him4 ,?is 0 consid]$ a frequ5t s\rce ( disease & dea?1 ! _s ( a dep>t$ memb] ( ! family return+ & tak+ up 8 abode 9 ! head1 *e/1 or /oma* ( a liv+ man1 & s caus+ sickness & dea?4 ,if a man di$ sudd5ly1 x 0 ?\ght t he 0 eat5 by ! _s t took him2 & ?\gh ! s\l ( "o ?us dev\r$ w\ld g to ! common _s-l& ( ! dep>t$1 yet x w\ld h no p[] ( spee* !re1 & if que/ion$ c\ld b beat its brea/4 ,x completes ?is acc\nt to notice t ! disease-inflict+ s\ls ( ! dep>t$ 7 ! same :i* possess$ ! liv+ "u m fav\rable circum/ances1 com+ to talk ?r\gh a c]ta9 memb] ( ! family1 prophesy+ future ev5ts1 & giv+ directions z to family affairs4#bfi ,f>!r ea/1 9 ! ,georgian & ,society ,isl&s1 evil demons are s5t to scrat* & te> p into convulsions & hy/]ics1 to torm5t poor wret*es z ) b>b$ hooks1 or to twi/ & knot inside !m till !y die wri?+ 9 agony4 ,b madm5 are to be treat$ ) great respect1 z ent]$ by a god1 & idiots owe ! k9dness ) :i* !y are appeas$ & coax$ to ! belief 9 _! sup]human inspiration4#bgj ,"h1 & else:]e 9 ! l[] culture1 ! old real belief has surviv$ :i* has pass$ into a je/ ( civiliz$ m5 9 ! fam\s phrase ( ! #8inspir$ idiot4' ,am]ican e?nography c>ries on ! record ( rude races ascrib+ disease to ! action ( evil spirits4 ,?us ! ,dacotas believe t ! spirits puni% !m = misconduct1 especially = neglect+ to make fea/s = ! dead2 ^! spirits h ! p[] to s5d ! _s ( some?+1 z ( a be>1 de]1 turtle1 fi%1 tree1 /one1 worm1 or deceas$ p]son1 :i* ent]+ ! pati5t causes disease2 ! m$ic9e-man's cure consi/s 9 recit+ *>ms ov] him1 s++ #8,he-le-li-lah1 c41' to ! accompanim5t ( a g\rd-rattle ) beads inside1 c]emonially %oot+ a symbolic b>k repres5tation ( ! intrud+ creature1 suck+ ov] ! seat ( pa9 to get ! _s out1 & fir+ guns at x z x is suppos$ to be escap+4#bga ,su* processes 7 9 full vogue 9 ! ,we/ ,indies 9 ! "t ( ,columbus1 :5 ,fri> ,roman ,pane put on record 8 qua9t acc\nt ( ! native sorc]] pull+ ! disease (f ! pati5t's legs 7z "o pulls (f a pair ( tr\s]s71 go+ out ( doors to bl[ x away1 & bidd+ x begone to ! m\nta9 or ! sea2 ! p]=mance conclud+ ) ! regul> suck+-cure & ! pret5d$ extraction ( "s /one or bit ( fle%1 or su* ?+1 :i* ! pati5t is assur$ t 8 patron-_s or deity 7cemi7 put into him to cause ! disease1 9 puni%m5t = neglect to build him a temple or hon\r him ) pray] or (f]+s ( goods4#bgb ,patagonians consid]$ sickness z caus$ by a _s ent]+ ! pati5t's body2 #8!y believe e sick p]son to be possess$ ( an evil demon2 h5ce _! physicians always c>ry a drum ) figures ( devils pa9t$ on x1 :i* !y /rike at ! b$s ( sick p]sons to drive out f ! body ! evil demon :i* causes ! disord]4'#bgc ,9 ,africa1 accord+ to ! philosophy ( ! ,basutos & ! ,zulus1 ! causes ( disease are ! gho/s ( ! dead1 come to draw ! liv+ to !mselves1 or to compel !m to sacrifice meat-(f]+s4 ,!y are recogniz$ by ! div9]s1 or by ! pati5t himself1 :o sees 9 dreams ! dep>t$ _s come to torm5t him4 ,congo tribes 9 l mann] consid] ! s\ls ( ! dead1 pass$ into ! ranks ( p[]ful spirits1 to cause disease & dea? among mank9d4 ,?us1 9 bo? ^! di/ricts1 m$ic9e becomes an almo/ entirely religi\s matt] ( propitiatory sacrifice & pray] address$ to ! disease-inflict+ manes4 ,! ,b>olong give a k9d ( wor%ip to d]ang$ p]sons1 z be+ "u ! direct influ5ce ( a deity2 :ile 9 ,ea/ ,africa ! explanation ( madness & idiocy is simple & typical--#8he has fi5ds4'#bgd ,negroes ( ,we/ ,africa1 on ! supposition t an attack ( illness has be5 caus$ by "s spiritual be+1 c asc]ta9 to _! satisfaction :at mann] ( _s has done x1 & :y4 ,! pati5t may h neglect$ 8 #8wong' or feti%-_s1 :o has !re=e made him ill2 or x may be 8 own #8kla' or p]sonal gu>dian-_s1 :o on be+ summon$ expla9s t he has n be5 treat$ respectfully en\gh1 c42 or x may be a #8sisa' or gho/ ( "s dead man1 :o has tak5 ?is means ( mak+ kn[n t he wants p]haps a gold ornam5t t 0 left beh9d :5 he di$4#bge ,( c\rse1 ! means ( cure w !n be to satisfy ! dem&s ( ! _s4 ,ano!r aspect ( ! negro doctr9e ( disease-spirits is display$ 9 ! foll[+ description f ,gu9ea1 by ! ,rev4 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 ! mission>y3--#8,demoniacal possessions are common1 & ! feats p]=m$ by ^? :o are suppos$ to be "u su* influ5ce are c]ta9ly n unlike ^? describ$ 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,frantic ge/ures1 convulsions1 foam+ at ! m\?1 feats ( sup]natural /r5g?1 furi\s rav+s1 bodily lac]ations1 gna%+ ( tee?1 & o!r ?+s ( a simil> "*1 may be witness$ 9 mo/ ( ! cases :i* are suppos$ to be "u diabolical influ5ce4'#bgf ,! rem>k sev]al times made by travell]s is no d\bt true1 t ! spirituali/ic !ory ( disease has t5d$ /rongly to prev5t progress 9 ! m$ical art among ! l[] races4 ,?us among ! ,bodo & ,dhimal ( ,nor?-,ea/ ,india1 :o ascribe all diseases to a deity torm5t+ ! pati5t = "s impiety or neglect1 ! exorci/s div9e ! (f5d$ god & appease him ) ! promis$ sacrifice ( a hog2 ^! exorci/s are a class ( prie/s1 & ! p h no o!r doctors4#bgg ,:]e ! _w-wide doctr9e ( disease-demons has held sway1 m5's m9ds1 full ( spells & c]emonies1 h sc>ce _h room = ?\ght ( drugs & regim54 ,! cases 9 :i* disease-possession passes into oracle-possession are especially connect$ ) hy/]ical1 convulsive1 & epileptic affections4 ,mr4 ,backh\se describes a ,tasmanian native sorc]]1 #8affect$ ) fits ( spasmodic contraction ( ! muscles ( "o brea/1 :i* he attributes1 z !y d all o!r diseases1 to ! devil'2 ?is malady s]v$ to prove 8 inspiration to 8 p4#bgh ,:5 ,dr4 ,mason 0 prea*+ ne> a village ( hea!n ,pwo1 a man fell d[n 9 an epileptic fit1 8 famili> _s hav+ come ov] him to =bid ! p to li/5 to ! mission>y1 & he sang out 8 d5unciations l "o frantic4 ,?is man 0 aft]w>ds conv]t$1 & told ! mission>y t #8he c\ld n acc\nt = 8 =m] ex]cises1 b t x c]ta9ly appe>$ to him z ?\gh a _s spoke1 & he mu/ tell :at 0 communicat$4' ,9 ?is ,k>5 di/rict fl\ri%es ! native #8wee' or prophet1 ^: bus9ess is to "w himself into ! /ate 9 :i* he c see dep>t$ spirits1 visit _! di/ant home1 & ev5 recall !m to ! body1 ?us rais+ ! dead2 ^! wees are n]v\s excitable m51 su* z w\ld become m$iums1 & 9 giv+ oracles !y g into actual convulsions4#bgi ,dr4 ,callaway's details ( ! /ate ( ! ,zulu div9]s are s+ul>ly in/ructive4 ,_! symptoms are ascrib$ to possession by #8amatongo' or ance/ral spirits2 ! disease is common1 f "s x dep>ts ( its own accord1 o!rs h ! gho/ laid :i* causes x1 & o!rs let ! affection take its c\rse & become pr(essional div9]s1 ^: p[]s ( f9d+ hidd5 ?+s & giv+ app>5tly inaccessible in=mation are v\*$ = by native witnesses1 :o at ! same "t are n bl9d to _! tricks & _! failures4 ,! mo/ p]fect description is t ( a hy/]ical vision>y1 :o _h #8! disease :i* prec$es ! p[] to div9e4' ,?is man describes t well-kn[n symptom ( hy/]ia1 ! heavy weight creep+ up )9 him to 8 %\ld]s1 8 vivid dreams1 8 wak+ visions ( objects t are n !re :5 he approa*es1 ! songs t come to him )\t le>n+1 ! s5sation ( fly+ 9 ! air4 ,?is man 0 #8( a family :o are v s5sitive1 & become doctors4'#bhj ,p]sons ^: con/itutional uns\ndness induces morbid manife/ations are inde$ m>k$ out by nature to become se]s & sorc]]s4 ,among ! ,patagonians1 pati5ts seiz$ ) fall+ sickness or ,/4 ,vitus's dance 7 at once select$ = magicians1 z *os5 by ! demons !mselves :o possess$1 di/ort$1 & convuls$ !m4#bha ,among ,sib]ian tribes1 ! %amans select *ildr5 liable to convulsions z suitable to be br\ght up to ! pr(ession1 :i* is apt to become h]$it>y ) ! epileptic t5d5cies x belongs to4#bhb ,?us1 ev5 9 ! l[] culture1 a class ( sickly brood+ en?usia/s beg9 to h t p[] ov] ! m9ds ( _! lu/i] fell[s1 :i* !y h kept 9 s rem>kable a way ?r\gh ! c\rse ( hi/ory4 ,morbid oracul> manife/ations are habitually excit$ on purpose1 & moreov] ! pr(essional sorc]] commonly exagg]ates or :olly feigns !m4 ,9 ! m g5u9e manife/ations ! m$ium may be s int5sely wr\ght ^u by ! idea t a possess+ _s is speak+ f )9 him1 t he may n only give ?is _s's "n & speak 9 its "*1 b possibly may 9 good fai? alt] 8 voice to suit ! spiritual utt]ance4 ,?is gift ( _s-utt]ance1 :i* belongs to #8v5triloquism' 9 ! anci5t & prop] s5se ( ! t]m1 ( c\rse lapses into %e] trick]y4 ,b t ! ph5om5a %\ld be ?us artificially excit$ or di%one/ly c\nt]feit$1 r confirms ?an alt]s ! pres5t argum5t4 ,real or simulat$1 ! details ( oracle-possession alike illu/rate popul> belief4 ,! ,patagonian wiz>d beg9s 8 p]=mance ) drumm+ & rattl+ till ! real or pret5d$ epileptic fit comes on by ! demon ent]+ him1 :o !n answ]s que/ions f )9 him ) a fa9t & m\rnful voice4#bhc ,9 ,s\!rn ,india & ,ceylon ! s-call$ #8devil-danc]s' h to "w !mselves into p>oxysms1 to ga9 ! inspiration :]eby !y pr(ess to cure _! pati5ts4#bhd ,s1 ) furi\s danc+ to ! music & *ant+ ( ! att5dants1 ! ,bodo prie/ br+s on ! fit ( maniacal inspiration 9 :i* ! deity fills him & gives oracles ?r\gh him4#bhe ,9 ,kam*atka ! female %amans1 :5 ,billukai came d[n into !m 9 a ?und]/orm1 w\ld prophesy2 or1 receiv+ spirits ) a cry ( #8hu%6' _! tee? *att]$ z 9 fev]1 & !y 7 ready to div9e4#bhf ,among ! ,s+pho ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,asia1 :5 ! #8natzo' or conjur] is s5t = to a sick pati5t1 he calls on 8 #8nat' or demon1 ! s\l ( a deceas$ =eign pr9ce1 :o desc5ds into him & gives ! requir$ answ]s4#bhg ,9 ! ,pacific ,isl&s1 spirits ( ! dead w\ld ent] = a "t ! body ( a liv+ man1 inspir+ him to decl>e future ev5ts1 or to execute "s commission f ! high] deities4 ,! symptoms ( oracul> possession among savages h be5 especially well describ$ 9 ?is region ( ! _w4 ,! ,fijian prie/ sits look+ /eadfa/ly at a :ale's too? ornam5t1 amid dead sil5ce4 ,9 a few m9utes he trembles1 slight twit*+s ( face & limbs come on1 :i* increase to /rong convulsions1 ) swell+ ( ! ve9s1 murmurs & sobs4 ,n[ ! god has ent]$ him1 & ) eyes roll+ & protrud+1 unnatural voice1 pale face & livid lips1 sweat /ream+ f e pore1 & ! :ole aspect ( a furi\s madman1 he gives ! div9e answ]1 & !n1 ! symptoms subsid+1 he looks r\nd ) a vacant />e1 & ! deity returns to ! l& ( spirits4 ,9 ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 :]e ! god ,oro ?us gave 8 oracles1 8 prie/ ceas$ to act or speak z a volunt>y ag5t1 b ) 8 limbs convuls$1 8 features di/ort$ & t]rific1 8 eyes wild & /ra9$1 he w\ld roll on ! gr\nd foam+ at ! m\?1 & reveal ! w ( ! possess+ god 9 %rill cries & s\nds viol5t & indi/9ct1 :i* ! att5d+ prie/s duly int]pret$ to ! p4 ,9 ,tahiti1 x 0 (t5 notic$ t m5 :o 9 ! natural /ate %[$ nei!r ability nor eloqu5ce1 w\ld 9 su* convulsive delirium bur/ =? into e>ne/ l(ty declamation1 decl>+ ! w & answ]s ( ! gods1 & prophesy+ future ev5ts1 9 well-knit h>angues full ( ! poetic figure & metaphor ( ! pr(essional orator4 ,b :5 ! fit 0 ov]1 & sob] reason return$1 ! prophet's gifts 7 gone4#bhh ,la/ly1 ! acc\nts ( oracul> possession 9 ,africa %[ ! primitive v5triloqui/ 9 p]fect types ( morbid knav]y4 ,9 ,s(ala1 aft] a k+'s fun]al1 8 s\l w\ld ent] into a sorc]]1 & speak+ 9 ! famili> tones t all ! by/&]s recogniz$1 w\ld give c\nsel to ! new mon>* h[ to gov]n 8 p4#bhi ,ab\t a c5tury ago1 a negro feti%-woman ( ,gu9ea is ?us describ$ 9 ! act ( answ]+ an enquir] :o has come to consult h]4 ,%e is cr\*+ on ! e>?1 ) h] head betwe5 h] knees & h] h&s up to h] face1 till1 becom+ inspir$ by ! feti%1 %e snorts & foams & gasps4 ,!n ! suppliant may put 8 "q1 #8,w my fri5d or bro!r get well ( ?is sickness8'--#8,:at %all ,i give !e to set him free f 8 sickness8' & s =?4 ,!n ! feti%-woman answ]s 9 a ?91 :i/l+ voice1 & ) ! old-fa%ion$ idioms ( g5]ations pa/2 & ?us ! suppliant receives 8 comm&1 p]haps to kill a :ite cock & put him at a f\r-cross way1 or tie him up = ! feti% to come & fet* him1 or p]haps m]ely to drive a doz5 wood5 pegs into ! gr\nd1 s to bury 8 fri5d's disease ) !m4#bij ,! details ( demoniacal possession among b>b>ic & civiliz$ nations ne$ no elaborate description1 s simply d !y cont9ue ! savage cases4#bia ,b ! /ate ( ?+s we notice "h agrees ) ! conclusion t ! possession-!ory belongs orig9ally to ! l[] culture1 & is gradually sup]s$$ by high] m$ical k4 ,survey+ its c\rse ?r\gh ! middle & high] civilization1 we %all notice fir/ a t5d5cy to limit x to c]ta9 peculi> & sev]e affections1 especially connect$ ) m5tal disord]1 su* z epilepsy1 hy/]ia1 delirium1 idiocy1 madness2 & aft] ?is a t5d5cy to ab&on x altoge!r1 9 consequ5ce ( ! p]si/5t opposition ( ! m$ical faculty4 ,among ! nations ( ,s\?-,ea/ ,asia1 obsession & possessions by demons is /rong at lea/ 9 popul> belief4 ,! ,*9ese attack$ ) dizz9ess1 or loss ( ! use ( 8 limbs1 or o!r unacc\ntable disease1 kn[s t he has be5 influ5c$ by a malignant demon1 or puni%$ = "s (f5ce by a deity ^: "n he w m5tion1 or affect$ by 8 wife ( a =m] exi/5ce1 ^: _s has aft] a long se>* discov]$ him4 ,exorcism ( c\rse exi/s1 & :5 ! evil _s or influ5ce is expell$1 x is especially apt to ent] "s p]son /&+ ne>2 h5ce ! common say+1 #8idle spectators %\ld n be pres5t at an exorcism4' ,div9ation by possess$ m$iums is usual 9 ,*9a3 among su* is ! pr(essional woman :o sits at a table 9 contemplation1 till ! s\l ( a deceas$ p]son f :om communication is desir$ ent]s h] body & talks ?r\gh h] to ! liv+2 also ! man into :om a deity is br\ght by invocations & mesm]ic passes1 :51 assum+ ! div9e figure & attitude1 he pron\nces ! oracle4#bib ,9 ,burma1 ! fev]-demon ( ! jungle seizes trespass]s on 8 doma91 & %akes !m 9 ague till he is exorcis$1 :ile falls & apoplectic fits are ! "w ( o!r spirits4 ,! danc+ ( wom5 by demoniacal possession is treat$ by ! doctor cov]+ _! heads ) a g>m5t1 & ?ra%+ !m s\ndly ) a /ick1 ! demon & n ! pati5t be+ consid]$ to feel ! bl[s2 ! possess+ _s may be prev5t$ f escap+ by a knott$ & *>m$ cord hung r\nd ! bewit*$ p]son's neck1 & :5 a suffici5t beat+ has induc$ x to speak by ! pati5t's voice & decl>e its "n & bus9ess1 x may ei!r be all[$ to dep>t1 or ! doctor tramples on ! pati5t's /oma* till ! demon is /amp$ to dea?4 ,= an example ( invocation & (f]+s1 "o *>act]i/ic /ory told by ,dr4 ,ba/ian w suffice4 ,a ,b5gali cook 0 seiz$ ) an apoplectic fit1 :i* 8 ,burmese wife decl>$ 0 b a j retribution1 = ! godless fell[ _h gone day aft] day to m>ket to buy p\nds & p\nds ( meat1 yet 9 spite ( h] remon/rances w\ld nev] give a morsel to ! patron-_s ( ! t[n2 z a good wife1 h[ev]1 %e n[ did h] be/ = h] suff]+ husb&1 plac+ ne> him little heaps ( col\r$ rice = ! #8nat1' & putt+ on 8 f+]s r+s ) pray]s address$ to ! same (f5d$ be+--#8,oh ride him n6'--#8,ah let him g6'--#8,grip him n s h>d6'--#8,?\ %alt h rice6'--#8,ah1 h[ good t ta/es6' ,h[ explicitly ,buddhism recognizes su* ideas1 may be judg$ f "o ( ! que/ions (ficially put to c&idates = admission z monks or talapo9s--#8,art ?\ afflict$ by madness or ! o!r ills caus$ by giants1 wit*es1 or evil demons ( ! =e/ & m\nta98'#bic ,)9 our own doma9 ( ,briti% ,india1 ! possession-!ory & ! rite ( exorcism belong+ to x may be p]fectly /udi$ to ?is day4 ,!re ! doctr9e ( sudd5 ailm5t or n]v\s disease be+ due to a bla/ or possession by a #8bhut1' or be+1 t is1 a demon1 is recogniz$ z ( old2 !re ! old wit* :o has possess$ a man & made him sick or d]ang$1 w answ] spiritually out ( 8 body & say :o %e is & :]e %e lives2 !re ! fr5zi$ demoniac may be se5 rav+1 wri?+1 te>+1 bur/+ 8 bonds1 till1 subdu$ by ! exorci/1 8 fury subsides1 he />es & sighs1 falls helpless to ! gr\nd1 & comes to himself2 & !re ! deities caus$ by excitem5t1 s++1 & inc5se to ent] into m5's bodies1 manife/ _! pres5ce ) ! usual hy/]ical or epileptic symptoms1 & speak+ 9 _! own div9e "n & p]sonality1 deliv] oracles by ! vocal organs ( ! inspir$ m$ium4#bid ,9 ! ,anci5t ,babylonian-,assyrian texts1 ! exorcism-=mulas %[ ! doctr9e ( disease-demons 9 full developm5t1 & simil> op9ions 7 curr5t 9 anci5t ,greece & ,rome1 to ^: languages inde$ our own owes ! te*nical t]ms ( ! subject1 su* z #8demoniac' & #8exorci/4' ,hom]'s sick m5 rack$ ) pa9 are torm5t$ by a hateful demon 7 74 #8,epilepsy' 77 01 z its "n imports1 ! #8seizure' ( ! pati5t by a sup]human ag5t3 ! ag5t be+ m exactly def9$ 9 #8nympholepsy1' ! /ate ( be+ seiz$ or possess$ by a nymph1 i4e41 rapt or entranc$ 71 lymphatus74 ,! causation ( m5tal d]angem5t & deliri\s utt]ance by spiritual possession 0 an accept$ t5et ( ,greek philosophy4 ,to be insane 0 simply to h an evil _s1 z :5 ,sokrates said ( ^? :o d5i$ demonic or spiritual k1 t !y !mselves 7 demoniac 7 71 & ,alex&] ascrib$ to ! influ5ce ( (f5d$ ,dionysos ! ungov]nable drunk5 fury 9 :i* he kill$ 8 fri5d ,kleitos2 rav+ madness 0 obsession or possession by an evil demon 774 ,s ! ,romans call$ madm5 #8l>vati1' #8l>v>um pl5i1' full ( gho/s4 ,pati5ts possess$ by demons />$ & foam$1 & ! spirits spoke f )9 !m by _! voices4 ,! craft ( ! exorci/ 0 well kn[n4 ,z = oracul> possession1 its !ory & practice rema9$ 9 fulle/ vig\r ?r\gh ! classic _w1 sc>ce alt]$ f ! times ( l[e/ b>b>ism4 ,c\ld a ,s\? ,sea ,isl&] h gone to ,delphi to wat* ! convulsive /ruggles ( ! ,py?ia1 & li/5 to h] rav+1 %riek+ utt]ances1 he w\ld h ne$$ no explanation :atev] ( a rite s absolutely 9 con=mity ) 8 own savage philosophy4#bie ,! ,jewi% doctr9e ( possession#bif at no "t 9 its long c\rse ex]cis$ a direct influ5ce on ! op9ion ( ! civiliz$ _w comp>able to t produc$ by ! m5tions ( demoniacal possession 9 ! ,new ,te/am5t4 ,x is ne$less to quote "h ev5 a selection f ! famili> passages ( ! ,gospels & ,acts :i* display ! mann] 9 :i* c]ta9 describ$ symptoms 7 curr5tly acc\nt$ = 9 public op9ion4 ,reg>d+ ^! docum5ts f an e?nographic po9t ( view1 x ne$ only be said t !y prove1 incid5tally b absolutely1 t ,jews & ,*ri/ians at t "t held ! doctr9e :i* _h prevail$ = ages be=e1 & cont9u$ to prevail = ages aft]1 ref]r+ to possession & obsession by spirits ! symptoms ( mania1 epilepsy1 dumbness1 deliri\s & oracul> utt]ance1 & o!r morbid conditions1 m5tal & bodily4#big ,mod]n mission>y works1 su* z h be5 cit$ "h1 give ! mo/ /rik+ evid5ce ( ! correspond5ce ( ^! demoniac symptoms ) su* z may /ill be obs]v$ among unciviliz$ races4 ,dur+ ! e>ly c5turies ( ,*ri/ianity1 demoniacal possession inde$ becomes peculi>ly conspicu\s1 p]haps n f unusual preval5ce ( ! animi/ic !ory ( disease1 b simply because a p]iod ( int5se religi\s excitem5t br\ght x m ?an usually into requisition4 ,anci5t ecclesia/ical records describe1 "u ! well-kn[n names ( #8dmoniacs' 771 #8possess$' 771 #8en]gum5s' 771 ! class ( p]sons ^: bodies are seiz$ or possess$ by an evil _s2 su* attacks be+ frequ5tly att5d$ ) great commotions & vexations & di/urbances ( ! body1 occasion+ sometimes fr5zy & madness1 sometimes epileptic fits1 & o!r viol5t toss+s & contortions4 ,^! en]gum5s =m$ a recognis$ "p ( an e>ly ,*ri/ian congregation1 a /&+-place ap>t be+ assign$ to !m 9 ! *ur*4 ,! *ur* inde$ seems to h be5 ! pr9cipal habitation ( ^! afflict$ creatures1 !y 7 occupi$ out ( s]vice-"t 9 su* "w z sweep+1 daily food 0 provid$ = !m1 & !y 7 "u ! *>ge ( a special ord] ( cl]gy1 ! exorci/s1 ^: religi\s function 0 to ca/ out devils by pray] & adjuration & lay+ on ( h&s4 ,z to ! usual symptoms ( possession1 ,ju/91 ,t]tullian1 ,*ryso/om1 ,cyril1 ,m9ucius1 ,cyprian1 & o!r e>ly ,fa!rs1 give copi\s descriptions ( demons ent]+ into ! bodies ( m51 disord]+ _! heal? & m9ds1 driv+ !m to w&] among ! tombs1 =c+ !m to wri! & wall[ & rave & foam1 h[l+ & decl>+ _! own diabolical names by ! pati5ts' voices1 b :5 ov]come by conjuration or by bl[s adm9i/]$ to _! victims1 quitt+ ! bodies !y _h ent]$1 & ackn[l$g+ ! pagan deities to be b devils4#bih ,on a subject s famili> to educat$ read]s ,i may be excus$ f cit+ at l5g? a va/ mass ( docum5ts1 b>b>ic 9 nature & only m or less civiliz$ 9 circum/ance1 to illu/rate ! cont9uance ( ! doctr9e ( possession & ! rite ( exorcism ?r\gh ! middle ages & into mod]n times4 ,a few sali5t examples w suffice4 ,= a type ( m$ical details1 we may in/ance ! recipes 9 ! #8,e>ly ,engli% ,lee*doms'3 a cake ( ! #8?o/' ( a :ite h\nd bak$ ) meal is to be tak5 aga9/ ! attack by dw>ves 7i4e4 convulsions72 a dr9k ( h]bs work$ up (f cle> ale ) ! aid ( g>lic1 holy wat]1 & s++ ( masses1 is to be drunk by a fi5d-sick pati5t out ( a *ur* bell4 ,philosophical argum5t may be foll[$ 9 ! diss]tations ( ! #8,malleus ,malefic>um1' conc]n+ demons sub/antially inhabit+ m5 & caus+ illness 9 !m1 enquiries :i* may be pursu$ "u ! auspices ( ,glanvil 9 ! #8,saducismus ,triumphatus4' ,hi/orical anecdote be>s record ( ! convulsive clairvoyant demon :o possess$ ,nicola ,aubry1 & "u ! ,bi%op ( ,laon's exorcism te/ifi$ 9 an edify+ mann] to ! falsity ( ,calv9ism2 ( ,*>les ,,vi4 ( ,france1 :o 0 possess$1 & ^: demon a c]ta9 prie/ tri$ 9 va9 to transf] into ! bodies ( twelve m5 :o 7 *a9$ up to receive x2 ( ! ,g]man woman at ,elb+]ode :o 9 a fit ( too?a*e wi%$ ! devil might ent] into h] tee?1 & :o 0 possess$ by six demons accord+ly1 :i* gave _! names z ,s*alk d] ,wahrheit1 ,wirk1 ,wid]kraut1 ,myrrha1 ,knip1 ,/p2 ( ,george ,luk9s ( ,yatton1 :om sev5 devils ?rew into fits & talk$ & sang & b>k$ out (1 & :o 0 deliv]$ by a solemn exorcism by sev5 cl]gym5 at ! ,temple ,*ur* at ,bri/ol 9 ! ye> #aghh4bii ,a /rong s5se ( ! p]man5ce ( ! anci5t doctr9e may be ga9$ f acc\nts ( ! /ate ( public op9ion 9 ,europe1 f ,greece & ,italy to ,france1 :]e )9 ! la/ c5tury d]angem5t & hy/]ia 7 /ill popul>ly ascrib$ to possession & treat$ by exorcism1 j z 9 ! d>k ages4#cjj ,9 ! ye> #ahfa1 at ,morz9e1 at ! s\? ( ! ,lake ( ,g5eva1 !re might be se5 9 full fury an epidemic ( diabolical possession wor?y ( a ,r$ ,indian settlem5t or a negro k+dom ( ,we/ ,africa1 an outbur/ :i* ! exorcisms ( a sup]/iti\s prie/ _h s aggravat$ t !re 7 a hundr$ & t5 rav+ demoniacs 9 t s+le village4#cja ,! foll[+ is f a lett] writt5 9 #ahfb by ,mgr4 ,an\ilh1 a ,fr5* mission>y-bi%op 9 ,*9a4 #8,le croiriez-v\s8 dix villages se sont conv]tis4 ,le diable e/ furieux et fait les c5t c\ps4 ,il y a eu1 p5dant les qu9ze j\rs que je vi5s de pr*]1 c9q ou six possessions4 ,nos cat*umnes avec l'eau bnite *ass5t les diables1 guriss5t les malades4 ,j'ai vu des *oses m]veilleuses4 ,le diable m'e/ d'un gr& sec\rs p\r conv]tir les paens4 ,comme au temps de ,notre-,seigneur1 quoique pre du m5songe1 il ne peut s'emp*] de dire la vrit4 ,voyez ce pauvre possd faisant mille contorsions et disant gr&s cris3 8,p\rquoi pr*es-tu la vraie religion8 ,je ne puis s\ffrir que tu m'enlves mes disciples40--8,comm5t t'appelles-tu80 lui dem&e le cat*i/e4 ,aprs quelques refus3 8,je suis l'envoy de ,lucif]0--8,combi5 tes-v\s80--8,n\s sommes v+t-deux40 8,l'eau bnite et le signe de la croix ont dlivr ce possd40'#cjb ,to conclude ! s]ies ) a mod]n spirituali/ic in/ance1 "o ( ^? :]e ! m$iums feel !mselves ent]$ & act$ ?r\gh by a _s o!r ?an _! own s\l4 ,! ,rev4 ,mr4 ,we/ ( ,philadelphia describes h[ a c]ta9 possess$ m$ium w5t ?r\gh ! sword ex]cise1 & fell d[n s5seless2 :5 he came to himself aga91 ! _s )9 him decl>$ itself to be ! s\l ( a deceas$ ance/or ( ! m9i/]'s1 :o _h f\ght & di$ 9 ! ,am]ican ,w>4#cjc ,we 9 ,engl& n[ h>dly he> ( demoniacal possession except z a hi/orical doctr9e ( div9es4 ,we h disc>d$ f religi\s s]vices ! solemn c]emony ( ca/+ out devils f ! bodies ( ! possess$1 a rite to ?is day (ficially reta9$ 9 ! ,rituals ( ! ,greek & ,roman ,*ur*es4 ,cases ( diabolical influ5ce alleg$ f "t to "t among ourselves are little notic$ except by newspap] p>agraphs on sup]/ition & impo/ure4 ,if1 h[ev]1 we desire to und]/& ! doctr9e ( possession1 its orig9 & influ5ce 9 ! _w1 we mu/ look beyond c\ntries :]e public op9ion has pass$ into ?is /age1 & mu/ /udy ! demoniac !ory z x /ill prevails 9 l[] & l[e/ levels ( culture4 ,x has to be ?or\ghly und]/ood t ! *ang$ aspect ( ! subject 9 mod]n op9ion is n due to disappe>ance ( ! actual manife/ations :i* e>ly philosophy attribut$ to demoniacal influ5ce4 ,hy/]ia & epilepsy1 delirium & mania1 & su* l bodily & m5tal d]angem5t1 /ill exi/4 ,n only d !y /ill exi/1 b among ! l[] races1 & 9 sup]/iti\s di/ricts among ! high]1 !y are /ill expla9$ & treat$ z ( old4 ,x is n too mu* to ass]t t ! doctr9e ( demoniacal possession is kept up1 sub/antially ! same !ory to acc\nt = sub/antially ! same facts1 by half ! human race1 :o ?us /& z consi/5t repres5tatives ( _! =efa!rs back into primitive antiquity4 ,x is 9 ! civiliz$ _w1 "u ! influ5ce ( ! m$ical doctr9es :i* h be5 develop+ s9ce classic times1 t ! e>ly animi/ic !ory ( ^! morbid ph5om5a has be5 gradually sup]s$$ by views m 9 accordance ) mod]n sci5ce1 to ! great ga9 ( our heal? & happ9ess4 ,! transition :i* has tak5 place 9 ! fam\s insane colony ( ,gheel 9 ,belgium is typical4 ,9 old days1 ! lunatics 7 c>ri$ !re 9 cr[ds to be exorcis$ f _! demons at ! *ur* ( ,/4 ,dymphna2 to ,gheel !y /ill g1 b ! physician reigns 9 ! /ead ( ! exorci/4 ,yet :]ev]1 9 times old or new1 demoniacal influ5ces are br\ght =w>d to acc\nt = affections :i* sci5tific physicians n[ expla9 on a diff]5t pr9ciple1 c>e mu/ be tak5 n to misjudge ! anci5t doctr9e & its place 9 hi/ory4 ,z belong+ to ! l[] culture x is a p]fectly rational philosophical !ory to acc\nt = c]ta9 pa?ological facts4 ,b j z me*anical a/ronomy gradually sup]s$$ ! animi/ic a/ronomy ( ! l[] races1 s biological pa?ology gradually sup]s$es animi/ic pa?ology1 ! imm$iate op]ation ( p]sonal spiritual be+s 9 bo? cases giv+ place to ! op]ation ( natural processes4 ,we n[ pass to ! consid]ation ( ano!r great bran* ( ! l[] religion ( ! _w1 a developm5t ( ! same pr9ciples ( spiritual op]ation ) :i* we h become famili> 9 ! /udy ( ! possession-!ory4 ,?is is ! doctr9e ( ,feti%ism4 ,c5turies ago1 ! ,portuguese 9 ,we/ ,africa1 notic+ ! v5]ation paid by ! negroes to c]ta9 objects1 su* z trees1 fi%1 plants1 idols1 pebbles1 claws ( bea/s1 /icks & s =?1 v fairly comp>$ ^! objects to ! amulets or talismans ) :i* !y 7 !mselves famili>1 & call$ !m feitio or #8*>m1' a ^w d]iv$ f ,lat9 factitius1 9 ! s5se ( #8magically artful4' ,mod]n ,fr5* & ,engli% adopt$ ?is ^w f ! ,portuguese z fti*e1 feti%1 al?\gh curi\sly en\gh bo? languages _h already possess$ ! ^w = ages 9 a diff]5t s5se1 ,old ,fr5* faitis1 #8well made1 beautiful1' :i* ,old ,engli% adopt$ z fetys1 #8well made1 neat4' ,x occurs 9 ! commone/ ( all quotations f ,*auc]3 #8,& ,fr5s* s*e spak ful faire & fetysly1 ,aftur ! scole ( ,/rat=d atte ,b[e1 ,= ,fr5s* ( ,p>ys 0 to hire unkn[e4' ,! ,presid5t de ,brosses1 a mo/ orig9al ?9k] ( ! #ah? c5tury1 /ruck by ! descriptions ( ! ,african wor%ip ( mat]ial & t]re/rial objects1 introduc$ ! ^w ,fti*isme z a g5]al descriptive t]m1#cjd & s9ce !n x has obta9$ great curr5cy by ,comte's use ( x to d5ote a g5]al !ory ( primitive religion1 9 :i* ext]nal objects are reg>d$ z animat$ by a life analog\s to man's4 ,x seems to me1 h[ev]1 m conv5i5t to use ! ^w ,animism = ! doctr9e ( spirits 9 g5]al1 & to conf9e ! ^w ,feti%ism to t subord9ate dep>tm5t :i* x prop]ly belongs to1 namely1 ! doctr9e ( spirits embodi$ 91 or atta*$ to1 or convey+ influ5ce ?r\gh1 c]ta9 mat]ial objects4 ,feti%ism w be tak5 z includ+ ! wor%ip ( #8/ocks & /ones1' & !nce x passes by an imp]ceptible gradation into ,idolatry4 ,any object :atsoev] may be a feti%4 ,( c\rse1 among ! endless multitude ( objects1 n z we %\ld say physically active1 b to :i* ignorant m5 ascribe my/]i\s p[]1 we are n to apply indiscrim9ately ! idea ( _! be+ consid]$ vessels or vehicles or in/rum5ts ( spiritual be+s4 ,!y may be m]e signs or tok5s set up to repres5t ideal notions or ideal be+s1 z f+]s or /icks are set up to repres5t numb]s4 ,or !y may be symbolic *>ms work+ by imag9$ conveyance ( _! special prop]ties1 z an iron r+ to give firmness1 or a kite's foot to give swift flight4 ,or !y may be m]ely reg>d$ 9 "s undef9$ way z wondr\s ornam5ts or curiosities4 ,! t5d5cy runs ?r\gh all human nature to collect & admire objects rem>kable 9 beauty1 =m1 quality1 or sc>c5ess4 ,! %elves ( e?nological museums %[ heaps ( ! objects :i* ! l[] races treasure up & hang ab\t _! p]sons--tee? & claws1 roots & b]ries1 %ells & /ones1 & ! l4 ,n[ feti%es are 9 great measure select$ f among su* ?+s z ^!1 & ! pr9ciple ( _! attraction = savage m9ds is cle>ly ! same :i* /ill guides ! sup]/iti\s peasant 9 collect+ curi\s trifles #8= luck4' ,! pr9ciple is "o :i* reta9s its =ce 9 f> high] ranges ( culture ?an ! peasant's4 ,comp>e ! ,o/yak's v5]ation = any peculi> little /one he has pick$ up1 ) ! ,*9ese love ( collect+ curi\s v>ieties ( tortoise-%ell1 or an old-fa%ion$ ,engli% con*ologi/'s delight 9 a rev]s$ %ell4 ,! turn ( m9d :i* 9 a ,gold-,coa/ negro w\ld manife/ itself 9 a museum ( mon/r\s & mo/ pot5t feti%es1 might impel an ,engli%man to collect sc>ce po/age-/amps or que] walk+-/icks4 ,9 ! love ( abnormal curiosities !re %[s itself a crav+ = ! m>vell\s1 an endeav\r to get free f ! t$i\s s5se ( law & uni=mity 9 nature4 ,z to ! l[] races1 7 evid5ce m pl5tiful z to ! exact mean+ !y atta* to objects :i* !y treat ) my/]i\s respect1 x w\ld v likely appe> m (t5 & m c]ta9ly ?an x does n[1 t ^! objects seem to !m connect$ ) ! action ( spirits1 s z to be1 9 ! /rict s5se 9 :i* ! ^w is "h us$1 real feti%es4 ,b ?is mu/ n be tak5 = grant$4 ,to class an object z a feti%1 dem&s explicit /atem5t t a _s is consid]$ z embodi$ 9 x or act+ ?r\gh x or communicat+ by x1 or at lea/ t ! p x belongs to d habitually ?9k ?is ( su* objects2 or x mu/ be %[n t ! object is treat$ z hav+ p]sonal consci\sness & p[]1 is talk$ )1 wor%ipp$1 pray$ to1 sacrific$ to1 pett$ or ill-treat$ ) ref]5ce to its pa/ or future behavi\r to its vot>ies4 ,9 ! in/ances n[ select$1 x w be se5 t 9 "o way or ano!r !y m or less satisfy su* conditions4 ,9 inve/igat+ ! exact significance ( feti%es 9 use among m51 savage or m civiliz$1 ! peculi> difficulty is to "k :e!r ! effect ( ! object is ?\ght due to a :ole p]sonal _s embodi$ 9 or atta*$ to x1 or to "s less def9able influ5ce ex]t$ ?r\gh x4 ,9 "s cases ?is po9t is made cle>1 b 9 _m x rema9s d\btful4 ,x w help u to a cle>] conception ( ! nature ( a feti%1 to glance at a curi\s gr\p ( nations :i* connect a disease at once ) spiritual influ5ce1 & ) ! pres5ce ( "s mat]ial object4 ,!y are a set ( illu/rations ( ! savage pr9ciple1 t a disease or an actual disease-_s may exi/ embodi$ 9 a /ick or /one or su*-l mat]ial object4 ,among ! natives ( ,au/ralia1 "o he>s ( ! sorc]]s extract+ f _! own bodies by passes & manipulations a magical ess5ce call$ #8boylya1' :i* !y c make to ent] ! pati5t's body l pieces ( qu>tz1 :i* causes pa9 !re & consumes ! fle%1 & may be magically extract$ ei!r z invisible or 9 ! =m ( a bit ( qu>tz4 ,ev5 ! _s ( ! wat]s1 #8nguk-wonga1' :i* _h caus$ an attack ( erysipelas 9 a boy's leg 7he _h be5 ba?+ too long :5 heat$7 is decl>$ to h be5 extract$ by ! conjur]s f ! affect$ "p 9 ! %ape ( a %>p /one4#cje ,! ,c>ibs1 :o v di/9ctly ref]r$ diseases to ! action ( ho/ile demons or deities1 _h a simil> sorc]]'s process ( extract+ ?orns or spl9t]s f ! affect$ "p z ! peccant causes1 & x is said t 9 ! ,antilles morsels ( /one & bone s extract$ 7 wrapp$ up 9 cotton by ! wom51 z protective feti%es 9 *ildbir?4#cjf ,! ,malagasy1 consid]+ all diseases z inflict$ by an evil _s1 consult a div9]1 ^: me?od is (t5 to remove ! disease by means ( a #8faditra2' ?is is "s object1 su* z a little grass1 a%es1 a %eep1 a pumpk91 ! wat] ! pati5t has r9s$ 8 m\? )1 or :at n1 & :5 ! prie/ has c\nt$ on x ! evils t may injure ! pati5t1 & *>g$ ! faditra to take !m away = ev]1 x is ?r[n away1 & ! malady ) x4#cjg ,among ^? /rong believ]s 9 disease-spirits1 ! ,dayaks ( ,borneo1 ! prie/1 wav+ & j+l+ *>ms ov] ! affect$ "p ( ! pati5t1 pret5ds to extract /ones1 spl9t]s1 & bits ( rag1 :i* he decl>es are spirits2 ( su* evil spirits he w occasionally br+ half-a-doz5 out ( a man's /oma*1 & z he is paid a fee ( six gallons ( rice = ea*1 he is probably dispos$ 7l a *iropodi/ "u simil> circum/ances7 to extract a good _m4#cjh ,! mo/ in/ructive acc\nts ( ?is k9d are ^? :i* rea* u f ,africa4 ,dr4 ,callaway has tak5 d[n at l5g? a ,zulu acc\nt ( ! me?od ( /opp+ out disease caus$ by spirits ( ! dead4 ,if a wid[ is tr\bl$ by h] late husb&'s gho/ com+ & talk+ to h] night aft] night z ?\gh /ill alive1 till h] heal? is affect$ & %e beg9s to wa/e away1 !y f9d a #8nyanga' or sorc]] :o c b> out ! disease4 ,he bids h] n lose ! spittle collect$ 9 h] m\? :ile %e is dream+1 & gives h] m$ic9e to *ew :5 %e wakes4 ,!n he goes ) h] to lay ! #8itongo1' or gho/2 p]haps he %uts x up 9 a bulb ( ! inkomfe plant1 mak+ a hole 9 ! side ( ?is1 putt+ 9 ! m$ic9e & ! dream-spittle1 clos+ ! hole ) a /opp]1 & re-plant+ ! bulb4 ,leav+ ! place1 he *>ges h] n to look back till %e gets home4 ,?us ! dream is b>r$2 x may /ill come occasionally1 b no long] infe/s ! woman2 ! doctor prevails ov] ! dead man z reg>ds t dream4 ,9 o!r cases ! cure ( a sick man attack$ by ! ance/ral spirits may be effect$ ) "s ( 8 blood put into a hole 9 an an?ill by ! doctor1 :o closes ! hole ) a /one1 & dep>ts )\t look+ back2 or ! pati5t may be sc>ifi$ ov] ! pa9ful place1 & ! blood put into ! m\? ( a frog1 caught = ! purpose & c>ri$ back4 ,s ! disease is b>r$ out f ! man4#cji ,9 ,we/ ,africa1 a case 9 po9t is ! practice ( transf]r+ a sick man's ailm5t to a live f[l1 :i* is set free ) x1 & if any "o cat*es ! f[l1 ! disease goes to him4#caj ,capta9 ,burton's acc\nt f ,c5tral ,africa is z foll[s4 ,disease be+ possession by a _s or gho/1 ! #8mganga' or sorc]] has to expel x1 ! pr9cipal rem$ies be+ drumm+1 danc+1 & dr9k+1 till at la/ ! _s is entic$ f ! body ( ! pati5t into "s inanimate article1 te*nically call$ a #8keti' or /ool = x4 ,?is may be an ornam5t1 su* z a peculi> bead or a leop>d's claw1 or x may be a nail or rag1 :i* by be+ driv5 into or hung to a #8devil's tree' has ! effect ( lay+ ! disease-_s4 ,or disease-spirits may be extract$ by *ants1 "o dep>t+ at ! end ( ea* /ave1 :5 a little pa9t$ /ick made = x is flung on ! gr\nd1 & "s pati5ts may h z _m z a doz5 gho/s extract$1 = "h also ! fee is s mu* apiece4#caa ,9 ,siam1 ! ,laos sorc]] c s5d 8 #8phi phob' or demon into a victim's body1 :]e x turns into a fle%y or lea!ry lump1 & causes disease end+ 9 dea?4#cab ,?us1 on ! "o h&1 ! _s-!ory ( disease is se5 to be connect$ ) t sorc]]'s practice preval5t among ! l[] races1 ( pret5d+ to extract objects f ! pati5t's body1 su* z /ones1 bones1 balls ( hair1 c41 :i* are decl>$ to be causes ( disease convey$ by magical means into him2 ( ?is proce$+ ,i h giv5 a detail$ acc\nt else:]e1 "u ! "n ( ! #8suck+-cure4'#cac ,on ! o!r h&1 !re appe>s among ! l[] races t well-kn[n conception ( a disease or evil influ5ce z an individual be+1 :i* may be n m]ely convey$ by an infect$ object 7?\gh ?is ( c\rse may h mu* to d ) ! idea71 b may be remov$ by actual transf] f ! pati5t into "s o!r animal or object4 ,?us ,pl9y in=ms u h[ pa9s 9 ! /oma* may be cur$ by transmitt+ ! ailm5t f ! pati5t's body into a puppy or duck1 :i* w probably die ( x2#cad x is consid]$ baneful to a ,h9du woman to be a man's ?ird wife1 :]e=e ! precaution is tak5 ( fir/ betro?+ him to a tree1 :i* dies 9 h] /ead2#cae aft] ! bir? ( a ,*9ese baby1 its fa!r's tr\s]s are hung 9 ! room wrong side up1 t all evil influ5ces may ent] into !m in/ead ( into ! *ild4#caf ,mod]n folklore /ill *]i%es su* ideas4 ,! e?nograph] may /ill /udy 9 ! #8:ite wit*craft' ( ,european peasants ! arts ( cur+ a man's fev] or heada*e by transf]r+ x to a crawfi% or a bird1 or ( gett+ rid ( ague or g\t or w>ts by giv+ !m to a will[1 eld]1 fir1 or a%-tree1 ) suitable *>ms1 #8,goe morg51 olde1 ick geef oe de ,kolde1' #8,god5 ,ab5d1 ,h]r ,fl$]1 hi] br+ ick mi5 ,feb]1 ick b9d em di an und gah davan1' #8,a%-tree1 a%5 tree1 pray buy ?is w>t ( me1' & s =?2 or ( nail+ or plugg+ an ailm5t into a tree-trunk1 or convey+ x away by "s ( ! pati5t's hair or nail-p>+s or "s su* ?+1 & s bury+ x4 ,look+ at ^! proce$+s f a moral po9t ( view1 ! practice ( transf]r+ ! ailm5t to a knot or a lock ( hair & bury+ x is ! mo/ h>mless1 b ano!r device is a v patt]n ( wick$ selfi%ness4 ,9 ,engl&1 w>ts may be t\*$ ea* ) a pebble1 & ! pebbles 9 a bag left on ! road to *ur*1 to give up _! ailm5ts to ! unlucky f9d]2 9 ,g]many1 a plai/] f a sore may be left at a cross-way to transf] ! disease to a pass]-by2 ,i am told on m$ical au?ority t ! bun*es ( fl[]s :i* *ildr5 (f] to travell]s 9 ,s\!rn ,europe are sometimes int5d$ = ! ungraci\s purpose ( s5d+ "s disease away f _! homes4#cag ,"o case ( ?is gr\p1 m5tion$ to me by ,mr4 ,spottiswoode1 is p>ticul>ly int]e/+4 ,9 ,?ur+ia x is consid]$ t a /r+ ( r[an-b]ries1 a rag1 or any small article1 t\*$ by a sick p]son & !n hung on a bu% beside "s =e/ pa?1 imp>ts ! malady to any p]son :o may t\* ?is article 9 pass+1 & frees ! sick p]son f ! disease4 ,?is gives great probability to ,capta9 ,burton's sugge/ion t ! rags1 locks ( hair1 & :at n1 hung on trees ne> sacr$ places by ! sup]/iti\s f ,mexico to ,india & f ,e?iopia to ,irel&1 are deposit$ !re z actual receptacles ( disease2 ! ,african #8devil's trees' & ! sacr$ trees ( ,s9dh1 hung ) rags ?r\gh :i* vot>ies h transf]r$ _! compla9ts1 be+ typical cases ( a practice surviv+ 9 l&s ( high] culture4 ,! spirits :i* ent] or o!rwise atta* !mselves to objects may be human s\ls4 ,inde$ "o ( ! mo/ natural cases ( ! feti%-!ory is :5 a s\l inhabits or haunts :at is left ( its =m] body4 ,x is pla9 en\gh t by a simple association ( ideas ! dead p]son is imag9$ to keep up a connexion ) 8 rema9s4 ,?us we read ( ! ,m&an wom5 go+ ye> aft] ye> to take food to ! skulls ( _! dead k9sfolk1 & sitt+ by ! h\r to *at & je/ 9 _! mo/ ende>+ /ra9 ) ! relics ( a husb& or *ild2#cah ?us ! ,gu9ea negroes1 :o keep ! bones ( p>5ts 9 *e/s1 w g to talk ) !m 9 ! little huts :i* s]ve = _! tombs4#cai ,& ?us1 f ! savage :o keeps & c>ries ) 8 h\sehold prop]ty ! clean$ bones ( 8 =efa!rs1#cbj to ! m\rn] among ourselves :o goes to weep at ! grave ( "o belov$1 imag9ation keeps toge!r ! p]sonality & ! relics ( ! dead4 ,"h1 !n1 is a c\rse ( ?\ght op5 to ! animi/ic ?9k]1 lead+ him on f fanci$ association to a belief 9 ! real pres5ce ( a spiritual be+ 9 a mat]ial object4 ,?us !re is no difficulty 9 und]/&+ h[ ! ,k>5s ?\ght ! spirits ( ! dead might come back f ! o!r _w to reanimate _! bodies2#cba nor h[ ! ,m>ian isl&]s %\ld h kept ! dri$ bodies ( _! dead ance/ors 9 _! huts z h\sehold gods1 & ev5 expect$ !m to give oracles out ( _! skulls2#cbb nor h[ ! s\l ( a dead ,c>ib might be ?\ght to abide 9 "o ( 8 bones1 tak5 f ! grave & c>efully wrapp$ 9 cotton1 9 :i* /ate x c\ld answ] que/ions1 & ev5 bewit* an enemy if a morsel ( 8 prop]ty 7 wrapp$ up ) x2#cbc nor h[ ! dead ,santal %\ld be s5t to 8 fa!rs by ! c]emony ( committ+ to ! sacr$ riv] morsels ( 8 skull f ! fun]al-pile4#cbd ,su* ideas are ( great int]e/ 9 /udy+ ! burial rites ( mank9d1 especially ! habit ( keep+ relics ( ! dead z vehicles ( sup]human p[]1 & ( ev5 pres]v+ ! :ole body z a mummy1 z 9 ,p]u & ,egypt4 ,! conception ( su* human relics becom+ feti%es1 inhabit$ or at lea/ act$ ?r\gh by ! s\ls :i* =m]ly belong$ to !m1 w give a rational explanation ( mu* relic-wor%ip o!rwise obscure4 ,a fur!r /ret* ( imag9ation enables ! l[] races to associate ! s\ls ( ! dead ) m]e objects1 a practice :i* may h _h its orig9 9 ! m]e/ *ildi% make-believe1 b :i* w\ld lead a ?or\gh savage animi/ /raight on to ! conception ( ! s\l ent]+ ! object z a body4 ,mr4 ,d>w9 saw two ,malay wom5 9 ,keel+ ,isl& :o held a wood5 spoon dress$ 9 clo!s l a doll2 ?is spoon _h be5 c>ri$ to ! grave ( a dead man1 & becom+ inspir$ at full moon1 9 fact lunatic1 x danc$ ab\t convulsively l a table or a hat at a mod]n _s-sance4#cbe ,among ! ,sali% ,indians ( ,oregon1 ! conjur]s br+ back m5's lo/ s\ls z little /ones or bones or spl9t]s1 & pret5d to pass !m d[n ?r\gh ! tops ( _! heads into _! he>ts1 b great c>e mu/ be tak5 to remove ! spirits ( any dead p t may be 9 ! lot1 = ! pati5t receiv+ "o w\ld die4#cbf ,!re are indig5\s ,kol tribes ( ,india :o "w out ?is idea curi\sly 9 br++ back ! s\l ( a deceas$ man into ! h\se aft] ! fun]al1 app>5tly to be wor%ipp$ z a h\sehold _s2 :ile "s cat* ! _s re-embodi$ 9 a f[l or fi%1 ! ,b9jw> ( ,raepore br+ x home 9 a pot ( wat]1 & ! ,bunjia 9 a pot ( fl\r4#cbg ,! ,*9ese hold su* !ories ) extreme di/9ctness1 consid]+ "o ( a man's ?ree spirits to take up its abode 9 ! ance/ral tablet1 :]e x receives messages & wor%ip f ! survivors2 :ile ! long keep+ ( ! dead man's gilt & lacqu]$ c(f91 & ! rev]5ce & (f]+s cont9u$ at ! tomb1 are connect$ ) ! ?\ght ( a _s l+]+ ab\t ! corpse4 ,consi/5t ) ^! qua9t ideas are c]emonies 9 vogue 9 ,*9a1 ( br++ home 9 a cock 7live or artificial7 ! _s ( a man deceas$ 9 a di/ant place1 & ( entic+ into a sick man's coat ! dep>t+ _s :i* has already left 8 body1 & s convey+ x back4#cbh ,tat> folklore illu/rates ! idea ( s\l-embodim5t 9 ! qua9t b intelligible /ory ( ! demon-giant :o c\ld n be sla91 = he did n keep 8 s\l 9 8 body1 b 9 a twelve-head$ snake c>ri$ 9 a bag on 8 horse's back2 ! h]o f9ds out ! secret & kills ! snake1 & !n ! giant dies too4 ,?is tale is curi\s1 z v likely indicat+ ! orig9al s5se ( a well-kn[n gr\p ( /ories 9 ,european folklore1 ! ,sc&9avian "o1 = in/ance1 :]e ! giant _c be made an end (1 because he keeps 8 he>t n 9 8 body1 b 9 a duck's egg 9 a well f> away2 at la/ ! "y *ampion f9ds ! egg & cru%es x1 & ! giant bur/s4#cbi ,foll[+ ! notion ( s\l-embodim5t into civiliz$ times1 we le>n t #8,a gho/ may be laid = any t]m less ?an an hundr$ ye>s1 & 9 any place or body1 full or empty2 z1 a solid oak--! pommel ( a sword--a b>rel ( be]1 if a yeoman or simple g5tleman--or a pipe ( w9e1 if an esquire or a ju/ice4' ,?is is f ,grose's bant]+ description 9 ! #ah? c5tury ( ! art ( #8lay+' gho/s1#ccj & x is "o ( ! _m good in/ances ( articles ( s]i\s savage belief surviv+ z je/s among civiliz$ m54 ,?us o!r spiritual be+s1 roam+ free ab\t ! _w1 f9d feti%-objects to act ?r\gh1 to embody !mselves 91 to pres5t !m visibly to _! vot>ies4 ,x is extremely difficult to draw a di/9ct l9e ( sep>ation betwe5 ! two prevail+ sets ( ideas relat+ to spiritual action ?r\gh :at we call inanimate objects4 ,!oretically we c di/+ui% ! notion ( ! object act+ z x 7 by ! w & =ce ( its own prop] s\l or _s1 f ! notion ( "s =eign _s ent]+ its sub/ance or act+ on x f )\t1 & s us+ x z a body or in/rum5t4 ,b 9 practice ^! conceptions bl5d almo/ inextricably4 ,?is /ate ( ?+s is aga9 a confirmation ( ! !ory ( animism "h advanc$1 :i* treats bo? sets ( ideas z simil> developm5ts ( ! same orig9al idea1 t ( ! human s\l1 s t !y may well %ade imp]ceptibly into "o ano!r4 ,to dep5d on "s typical descriptions ( feti%ism & its alli$ doctr9es 9 diff]5t grades ( culture1 is a saf] mode ( treatm5t ?an to attempt too accurate a g5]al def9ition4 ,!re is a qua9t /ory1 dat+ f ! "t ( ,columbus1 :i* %[s :at my/]i\s p]sonality & p[] rude tribes c\ld atta* to lifeless matt]4 ,! cacique ,hatuey1 x is relat$1 he>d by 8 spies 9 ,hispaniola t ! ,spani>ds 7 com+ to ,cuba4 ,s he call$ 8 p toge!r1 & talk$ to !m ( ! ,spani>ds--h[ !y p]secut$ ! natives ( ! isl&s1 & h[ !y did su* ?+s = ! sake ( a great "l :om !y mu* desir$ & lov$4 ,!n1 tak+ out a basket ) gold 9 x1 he said1 #8,ye see "h _! "l :om !y s]ve & g aft]2 &1 z ye h he>d1 !y are com+ hi!r to seek ?is "l4 ,!re=e let u make him a fea/1 t :5 !y come he may tell !m n to d u h>m4' ,s !y danc$ & sang f night to morn+ be=e ! gold-basket1 & !n ! cacique told !m n to keep ! ,*ri/ian's "l any:]e1 = if !y kept him 9 _! v b[els !y w\ld h to br+ him out2 s he bade !m ca/ him to ! bottom ( ! riv]1 & ?is !y did4#cca ,if ?is /ory be ?\ght too good to be true1 at any rate x does n exagg]ate au!ntic savage ideas4 ,! #8m>aca' or c]emonial rattle1 us$ by c]ta9 rude ,brazilian tribes1 0 an em95t feti%4 ,x 0 a calaba% ) a h&le & a hole = a m\?1 & /ones inside2 yet to its vot>ies x seem$ no m]e rattle1 b ! receptacle ( a _s t spoke f x :5 %ak52 !re=e ! ,indians set up _! m>acas1 talk$ to !m1 set food & dr9k & burn$ inc5se be=e !m1 held annual fea/s 9 _! hon\r1 & w\ld ev5 g to w> ) _! neighb\rs to satisfy ! rattle-spirits' dem& = human victims4#ccb ,among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 ! feti%-!ory seems involv$ 9 t rem>kable & g5]al proce$+ kn[n z gett+ #8m$ic9e4' ,ea* y\? obta9s 9 a vision or dream a sight ( 8 m$ic9e1 & consid]+ h[ ?or\ghly ! idea prevails t ! =ms se5 9 visions & dreams are spirits1 ?is ( itself %[s ! animi/ic nature ( ! matt]4 ,! m$ic9e ?us se5 may be an animal1 or "p ( "o1 su* z sk9 or claws1 fea!r or %ell1 or su* a ?+ z a plant1 a /one1 a knife1 a pipe2 ?is object he mu/ obta91 & !nce=w>d ?r\gh life x becomes 8 protector4 ,consid]$ z a vehicle or receptacle ( a _s1 its feti%-nature is %[n 9 _m ways2 its own] w d homage to x1 make fea/s 9 its hon\r1 sacrifice horses1 dogs1 & o!r valuable objects to x or its _s1 fa/ to appease x if (f5d$1 h x burn$ ) him to conduct him z a gu>dian-_s to ! happy hunt+-gr\nds4 ,beside ^! special protective objects1 ! ,indians1 especially ! m$ic9e-m5 7! ^w is ,fr5*1 #8mdec91' appli$ to ^! native doctors or conjur]s1 & s9ce /ret*$ to take 9 all t conc]ns _! art71 use multitudes ( o!r feti%es z means ( spiritual influ5ce4#ccc ,among ! ,turanian tribes ( ,nor!rn ,asia1 :]e ,ca/rn describes ! idea ( spirits conta9$ 9 mat]ial objects1 to :i* !y belong1 & :]e9 !y dwell 9 ! same incompreh5sible way z ! s\ls 9 a man's body1 we may notice ! ,o/yak's wor%ip ( objects ( sc>ce or peculi> quality1 & also ! connexion ( ! %amans or sorc]]s ) feti%-objects1 z :]e ! ,tat>s consid] ! innum]able rags & tags1 bells & bits ( iron1 t adorn ! %aman's magic co/ume1 to conta9 spirits helpful to _! own] 9 8 magic craft4#ccd ,john ,bell1 9 8 j\rney across ,asia 9 #agai1 relates a /ory :i* well illu/rates ,mongol ideas z to ! action ( self-mov+ objects4 ,a c]ta9 ,russian m]*ant told him t once "s pieces ( damask 7 /ol5 out ( 8 t5t4 ,he compla9$1 & ! ,kutu*tu ,lama ord]$ ! prop] /eps to be tak5 to f9d out ! ?ief4 ,"o ( ! ,lamas took a b5* ) f\r feet1 & aft] turn+ x sev]al times 9 diff]5t directions1 at la/ x po9t$ directly to ! t5t :]e ! /ol5 goods lay conceal$4 ,! ,lama n[ m\nt$ a/ride ! b5*1 & soon c>ri$ x1 or1 z 0 commonly believ$1 x c>ri$ him1 to ! v t5t1 :]e he ord]$ ! damask to be produc$4 ,! dem& 0 directly compli$ )3 = x is va9 9 su* cases to (f] any excuse4#cce ,a m rec5t acc\nt f ,c5tral ,africa may be plac$ z a p5dant to ?is ,asiatic acc\nt ( div9ation by a feti%-object4 ,! ,rev4 ,h4 ,r[ley says ( ! ,manganja1 t !y believ$ ! m$ic9e-m5 c\ld imp>t a p[] = good or evil to objects ei!r animate or inanimate1 :i* objects ! p fe>$1 ?\gh !y did n wor%ip !m4 ,?is mission>y once saw ?is art employ$ to detect ! ?ief :o _h /ol5 "s corn4 ,! p assembl$ r\nd a l>ge fig-tree4 ,! magician1 a wild-look+ man1 produc$ two /icks1 l our broom/icks1 :i* aft] my/]i\s manipulation & gibb]i% he deliv]$ to f\r "y m51 two hold+ ea* /ick4 ,a zebra-tail & a calaba%-rattle 7 giv5 to a "y man & a boy4 ,! m$ic9e-man roll$ himself ab\t 9 hide\s fa%ion1 & *ant$ an unceas+ incantation2 ! be>]s ( ! tail & rattle w5t r\nd ! /ick-hold]s1 & %ook ^! implem5ts ov] _! heads4 ,aft] a :ile ! m5 ) ! /icks _h spasmodic twit*+s ( ! arms & legs1 ^! increas$ ne>ly to convulsions1 !y foam$ at ! m\?1 _! eyes seem$ />t+ f _! heads1 !y realiz$ to ! full ! idea ( demoniacal possession4 ,accord+ to ! native notion1 x 0 ! /icks :i* 7 possess$ prim>ily1 & ?r\gh !m ! m51 :o c\ld h>dly hold !m4 ,! /icks :irl$ & dragg$ ! m5 r\nd & r\nd l mad1 ?r\gh bu% & ?orny %rub1 & ov] e ob/acle1 no?+ /opp$ !m1 _! bodies 7 torn & ble$+2 at la/ !y came back to ! assembly1 :irl$ r\nd aga91 & ru%$ d[n ! pa? to fall pant+ & exhau/$ 9 ! hut ( "o ( a *ief's wives1 ! /icks roll+ to h] v feet1 d5\nc+ h] z ! ?ief4 ,%e d5i$ x1 b ! m$ic9e-man answ]$1 #8,! _s has decl>$ h] guilty1 ! _s nev] lies4' ,h[ev]1 ! #8muavi' or ordeal-poison 0 adm9i/]$ to a cock1 z deputy = ! woman2 ! bird ?rew x up1 & %e 0 acquitt$4#ccf ,feti%ism 9 ! l[] civilization is ?us by no means conf9$ to ! ,we/ ,african negro ) :om we specially associate ! t]m4 ,yet1 :at ) its be+ 9 fact extremely preval5t !re1 & :at ) ! att5tion ( =eign obs]v]s hav+ be5 p>ticul>ly drawn to x1 ! acc\nts f ,we/ ,africa are c]ta9ly ! fulle/ & mo/ m9ute on record4 ,! late ,pr(essor ,waitz's g5]alization ( ! pr9ciple involv$ 9 ^! is mu* to ! purpose4 ,he ?us describes ! negro's conception ( 8 feti%4 #8,accord+ to 8 view1 a _s dwells or c dwell 9 e s5sible object1 & (t5 a v great & mighty "o 9 an insignificant ?+4 ,?is _s he does n consid] z b\nd fa/ & un*angeably to ! corporeal ?+ x dwells 91 b x has only its usual or pr9cipal abode 9 x4 ,! negro inde$ 9 8 conception n uncommonly sep>ates ! _s f ! s5sible object :i* x inhabits1 he ev5 sometimes contra/s ! "o ) ! o!r1 b mo/ usually comb9es ! two z =m+ a :ole1 & ?is :ole is 7z ! ,europeans call x7 ! 8feti%10 ! object ( 8 religi\s wor%ip4' ,"s fur!r p>ticul>s w %[ h[ ?is pr9ciple is work$ out4 ,feti%es 7native names = !m are #8grigri1' #8juju1' c47 may be m]e curi\s my/]i\s objects t /rike a negro's fancy1 or !y may be consecrat$ or affect$ by a prie/ or feti%-man2 ! !ory ( _! influ5ce is t !y belong to or are made effectual by a _s or demon yet !y h to /& ! te/ ( exp]i5ce1 & if !y fail to br+ _! own] luck & safety1 he disc>ds !m = "s m p[]ful m$ium4 ,! feti% c see & he> & und]/& & act1 its possessor wor%ips x1 talks famili>ly ) x z a de> & fai?ful fri5d1 p\rs libations ( rum ov] x1 & 9 times ( dang] calls l\dly & e>ne/ly on x z if to wake up its _s & en]gy4 ,to give an idea ( ! sort ( ?+s :i* are *os5 z feti%es1 & ( ! mann] 9 :i* !y are associat$ ) spiritual influ5ces1 ,rm]'s acc\nt f ,gu9ea ab\t a c5tury ago may s]ve4 ,9 ! feti%-h\se1 he says1 !re hang or lie ?\s&s ( rubbi%y trifles1 a pot ) r$ e>? & a cock's fea!r /uck 9 x1 pegs w\nd ov] ) y>n1 r$ p>rots' fea!rs1 m5's hair1 & s =?4 ,! pr9cipal ?+ 9 ! hut is ! /ool = ! feti% to sit on1 & ! mattress = him to re/ on1 ! mattress be+ no bigg] ?an a man's h& & ! /ool 9 proportion1 & !re is a little bottle ( br&y always ready = him4 ,"h ! ^w feti% is us$ z x (t5 is1 to d5ote ! _s :i* dwells 9 ?is rudim5t>y temple1 b we see t ! innum]able qua9t trifles :i* we call feti%es 7 associat$ ) ! deity 9 8 h\se4 ,rm] once peep$ 9 at an op5 door1 & f\nd an old negro caboce] sitt+ amid tw5ty ?\s& feti%es 9 8 private feti%-museum1 ?us p]=m+ 8 devotions4 ,! old man told him he did n "k ! hundr$? "p ( ! use !y _h be5 to him2 8 ance/ors & he _h collect$ !m1 ea* _h done "s s]vice4 ,! visitor took up a /one ab\t z big z a h5's egg1 & its own] told its hi/ory4 ,he 0 once go+ out on important bus9ess1 b cross+ ! ?re%old he trod on ?is /one & hurt himself4 ,ha ha6 ?\ght he1 art ?\ "h8 ,s he took ! /one1 & x help$ him ?r\gh 8 und]tak+ = days4 ,9 our own "t1 ,we/ ,africa is /ill a _w ( feti%es4 ,! travell] f9ds !m on e pa?1 at e =d1 on e h\se-door1 !y hang z amulets r\nd e man's neck1 !y gu>d aga9/ sickness or inflict x if neglect$1 !y br+ ra91 !y fill ! sea ) fi%es will+ to swim into ! fi%]man's net1 !y cat* & puni% ?ieves1 !y give _! own] a bold he>t & conf\nd 8 enemies1 !re is no?+ t ! feti% _c d or undo1 if x be b ! "r feti%4 ,?us ! "o-sid$ logic ( ! b>b>ian1 mak+ ! mo/ ( all t fits & gloss+ ov] all t fails1 has %ap$ a univ]sal feti%-philosophy ( ! ev5ts ( life4 ,s /rong is ! p]vad+ influ5ce1 t ! ,european 9 ,africa is apt to cat* x f ! negro1 & himself1 z ! say+ is1 #8become black4' ,?us ev5 yet "s travell]1 wat*+ a :ite companion asleep1 may cat* a glimpse ( "s claw or bone or su*-l sorc]]'s tra% secretly fa/5$ r\nd 8 neck4#ccg ,european life1 la/ly1 %[s well-m>k$ traces ( ! anci5t doctr9e ( spirits or my/]i\s influ5ces inhabit+ objects4 ,?us a m$ival devil might g into an old s[1 a /raw1 a b>leycorn1 or a will[-tree4 ,a _s might be c>ri$ ab\t 9 a solid receptacle = use3-- #8,besides 9 gli/]+ glasses fayre1 or else 9 *ri/all cle>e1 ,!y sprightes enclose4' ,mod]n peasant folklore kn[s t spirits mu/ h "s animal body or o!r object to dwell 91 a fea!r1 a bag1 a bu%1 = in/ance4 ,! ,tyrolese object to us+ grass = too?picks because ( ! demons t may h tak5 up _! abode 9 ! /raws4 ,! ,bulg>ians hold x a great s9 n to fumigate ! fl\r :5 x is br\ght f ! mill 7p>ticul>ly if ! mill be kept by a ,turk7 9 ord] to prev5t ! devil f ent]+ into x4#cch ,amulets are /ill c>ri$ 9 ! mo/ civiliz$ c\ntries ( ! _w1 by ! ignorant & sup]/iti\s ) real savage fai? 9 _! my/]i\s virtues1 by ! m enlight5$ 9 qua9t survival f ! pa/4 ,! m5tal & physical ph5om5a ( :at is n[ call$ #8table-turn+' belong to a class ( proce$+s :i* h "h be5 %[n to be famili> to ! l[] races1 & acc\nt$ = by !m on a !ory ( extra-human influ5ce :i* is 9 ! mo/ extreme s5se spirituali/ic4 ,9 giv+ its place 9 ! hi/ory ( m5tal developm5t to ! doctr9e ( ! l[] races z to embodim5t 9 or p5etration ( an object by a _s or an influ5ce1 !re is no slight int]e/ 9 comp>+ x ) !ories famili> to ! philosophy ( cultur$ nations4 ,?us ,bi%op ,b]keley rem>ks on ! obscure expressions ( ^? :o h describ$ ! relation ( p[] to ! objects :i* ex]t x4 ,he cites ,torricelli z lik5+ matt] to an en*ant$ vase ( ,circe s]v+ z a receptacle ( =ce1 & decl>+ t p[] & impulse are su* subtle ab/racts & ref9$ qu9tess5ces1 t !y _c be enclos$ 9 any o!r vessels b ! inmo/ mat]iality ( natural solids2 also ,leibnitz z comp>+ active primitive p[] to s\l or sub/antial =m4 ,?us1 says ,b]keley1 mu/ ev5 ! greate/ m51 :5 !y give way to ab/raction1 h rec\rse to words hav+ no c]ta9 signification1 & inde$ m]e s*ola/ic %ad[s4#cci ,we may fairly add t su* passages %[ ! civiliz$ metaphysician fall+ back on su* primitive conceptions z /ill occupy ! m9ds ( ! rude natives ( ,sib]ia & ,gu9ea4 ,to g yet f>!r1 ,i w v5ture to ass]t t ! sci5tific conceptions curr5t 9 my own s*oolboy days1 ( heat & electricity z invisible fluids pass+ 9 & out ( solid bodies1 are ideas :i* reproduce ) extreme clos5ess ! special doctr9e ( ,feti%ism4 ,"u ! g5]al head+ ( ,feti%ism1 b = conv5i5ce' sake sep>ately1 may be consid]$ ! wor%ip ( #8/ocks & /ones4' ,su* objects1 if m]ely us$ z alt>s1 are n ( ! nature ( feti%es1 & x is fir/ necess>y to asc]ta9 t wor%ip is actually address$ to !m4 ,!n arises ! difficult "q1 are ! /ocks & /ones set up z m]e ideal repres5tatives ( deities1 or are ^! deities consid]$ z physically connect$ ) !m1 embodi$ 9 !m1 hov]+ ab\t !m1 act+ ?r\gh !m8 ,9 o!r words1 are !y only symbols1 or h !y pass$ 9 ! m9ds ( _! vot>ies into real feti%es8 ,! conceptions ( ! wor%ipp]s are sometimes 9 ?is respect explicitly /at$1 may sometimes be fairly inf]r$ f ! circum/ances1 & are (t5 d\btful4 ,among ! l[] races ( ,am]ica1 ! ,dacotas w\ld pick up a r\nd b\ld]1 pa9t x1 & !n1 address+ x z gr&fa!r1 make (f]+s to x & pray to x to deliv] !m f dang]2#cdj 9 ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s1 m5tion is made ( ?ree /ones to :i* ! natives paid great devotion--"o 0 pr(itable = ! crops1 ano!r = wom5 to be deliv]$ )\t pa91 ! ?ird = sun%9e & ra9 :5 !y 7 want$2#cda & we he> ( ,brazilian tribes sett+ up /akes 9 ! gr\nd1 & mak+ (f]+s be=e !m to appease _! deities or demons4#cdb ,/one-wor%ip held an important place 9 ! mid/ ( ! comp>atively high culture ( ,p]u1 :]e n only 0 rev]5ce giv5 to especial curi\s pebbles & ! l1 b /ones 7 plac$ to repres5t ! p5ates ( h\seholds & ! patron-deities ( villages4 ,x is relat$ by ,montes9os t :5 ! wor%ip ( a c]ta9 sacr$ /one 0 giv5 up1 a p>rot flew f x into ano!r /one1 to :i* adoration 0 paid3 & ?\gh ?is au?or is n ( good cr$it1 he c h>dly h inv5t$ a /ory :i*1 z we %all see1 s curi\sly co9cides ) ! ,polynesian idea ( a bird convey+ to & f an idol ! _s :i* embodies itself 9 x4#cdc ,9 ,africa1 /ock-&-/one wor%ip is f\nd among ! ,dam>as ( ! ,s\?1 ^: ance/ors are repres5t$ at ! sacrificial fea/s by /akes cut f trees or bu%es consecrat$ to !m1 to :i* /akes ! meat is fir/ (f]$2#cdd among ! ,d9kas ( ! ,:ite ,nile1 :]e ! mission>ies saw an old woman 9 h] hut (f]+ ! fir/ ( h] food & dr9k be=e a %ort ?ick /aff plant$ 9 ! gr\nd1 t ! demon might n hurt h]2#cde among ! ,gallas ( ,abyss9ia1 a p ) a well-m>k$ doctr9e ( deities1 & :o are kn[n to wor%ip /ones & logs1 b n idols4#cdf ,9 ! isl& ( ,sambawa1 ! ,orang ,dongo attribute all sup]natural or incompreh5sible =ce to ! sun1 moon1 trees1 c41 b especially to /ones1 & :5 tr\bl$ by accid5t or disease1 !y c>ry (f]+s to c]ta9 /ones to implore ! fav\r ( _! g5ius or dewa4#cdg ,simil> ideas are to be trac$ ?r\gh ! ,pacific isl&s1 bo? among ! light] & ! d>k] races4 ,?us 9 ! ,society ,isl&s1 rude logs or fragm5ts ( basalt columns1 clo!d 9 native clo? & ano9t$ ) oil1 receiv$ adoration & sacrifice z div9ely p[]ful by virtue ( ! atua or deity :i* _h fill$ !m4#cdh ,s 9 ! ,new ,hebrides wor%ip 0 giv5 to wat]-worn pebbles1#cdi :ile ,fijian gods & goddesses _h _! abodes or %r9es 9 black /ones l smoo? r\nd mile/ones1 & !re receiv$ _! (f]+s ( food4#cej ,! curi\sly an?ropomorphic idea ( /ones be+ husb&s & wives1 & ev5 hav+ *ildr51 is famili> to ! ,fijians z x is to ! ,p]uvians & ! ,lapps4 ,! ,turanian tribes ( ,nor? ,asia display /ock-&-/one wor%ip 9 full s5se & vig\r4 ,n only 7 /ones1 especially curi\s ones & su* z 7 l m5 or animals1 objects ( v5]ation1 b we le>n t !y 7 v5]at$ because mighty spirits dwelt 9 !m4 ,! ,samoy$ travell+ ark-sl$ge1 ) its two deities1 "o ) a /one head1 ! o!r a m]e black /one1 bo? dress$ 9 gre5 robes ) r$ lappets1 & bo? sme>$ ) sacrificial blood1 may s]ve z a type ( /one-wor%ip4 ,& z = ! ,o/yaks1 _h ! fam\s ,k+ ,log pres5t$ himself among !m1 !y w\ld )\t m ado h wrapp$ 8 sacr$ p]son 9 rags1 & set him up = wor%ip on a m\nta9-top or 9 ! =e/4#cea ,! frequ5t /ock-&-/one wor%ip ( mod]n ,india belongs especially to races non-,h9du or "p-,h9du 9 race & culture4 ,among su* may s]ve z examples ! bamboo :i* /&s = ! ,bodo goddess ,ma9\1 & = h] receives ! annual hog1 & ! mon?ly eggs (f]$ by ! wom52#ceb ! /one "u ! great cotton-tree ( e ,khond village1 %r9e ( ,nadzu ,p5nu ! village deity2#cec ! clod or /one "u a tree1 :i* 9 ,beh> w repres5t ! deifi$ s\l ( "s dead p]sonage :o receives wor%ip & inspires oracles !re2#ced ! /one kept 9 e h\se by ! ,bakadra & ,betadra1 :i* repres5ts _! god ,bta1 :om !y induce by sacrifice to re/ra9 ! demon-s\ls ( ! dead f tr\bl+ !m2#cee ! two rude /ones plac$ "u a %$ among ! ,%an>s ( ,t9nevelly1 by ! m$ium ( :i* ! great god & goddess receive sacrifice1 b :i* are ?r[n away or neglect$ :5 done )4#cef ,! rem>kable gr\ps ( /&+-/ones 9 ,india are1 9 _m cases at lea/1 set up = ea* /one to repres5t or embody a deity4 ,mr4 ,hislop rem>ks t 9 e "p ( ,s\!rn ,india1 f\r or five /ones may (t5 be se5 9 ! ryot's field1 plac$ 9 a r[ & daub$ ) r$ pa9t1 :i* !y consid] z gu>dians ( ! field & call ! five ,pndus2 he reasonably takes ^! ,h9du names to h sup]s$$ m anci5t native appellations4 ,9 ! ,indian gr\ps x is a usual practice to daub ea* /one ) r$ pa9t1 =m+ z x 7 a great blood-spot :]e ! face w\ld be if x 7 a %ap$ idol4#ceg ,9 ,india1 moreov]1 ! rites ( /one-wor%ip are n unexampl$ among ! ,h9dus prop]4 ,%a%t1 protectress ( *ildr51 receives wor%ip1 v[s1 & (f]+s1 especially f wom52 yet !y provide h] ) no idol or temple1 b h] prop] repres5tative is a r\gh /one z big z a man's head1 sme>$ ) r$ pa9t & set at ! foot ( ! sacr$ vata-tree4 ,ev5 ,siva is wor%ipp$ z a /one1 especially t ,siva :o w afflict a *ild ) epileptic fits1 & !n1 speak+ by its voice1 w ann\nce t he is ,pan*nana ! ,five-fac$1 & is puni%+ ! *ild = insult+ 8 image2 to ?is ,siva1 9 ! =m ( a clay idol or ( a /one b5ea? a sacr$ tree1 !re are (f]$ n only fl[]s & fruits1 b also bloody sacrifices4#ceh ,?is /one-wor%ip among ! ,h9dus seems a survival ( a rite belong+ orig9ally to a l[ civilization1 probably a rite ( ! rude indig5es ( ! l&1 ^: religion1 l>gely incorporat$ into ! religion ( ! ,aryan invad]s1 has contribut$ s mu* to =m ! ,h9duism ( to-day4 ,x is especially int]e/+ to survey ! /ock-&-/one wor%ip ( ! l[] culture1 = x enables u to expla9 by ! !ory ( survival ! appe>ance 9 ! ,old ,_w1 9 ! v mid/ ( classic doctr9e & classic art1 ( ! wor%ip ( ! same rude objects1 ^: v5]ation no d\bt dat$ f remote b>b>ic antiquity4 ,z ,mr4 ,grote says1 speak+ ( ,greek wor%ip1 #8,! primitive memorial erect$ to a god did n ev5 pret5d to be an image1 b 0 (t5 no?+ m ?an a pill>1 a bo>d1 a %apeless /one or a po/1 receiv+ c>e & decoration f ! neighb\rhood1 z well z wor%ip4' ,su* 7 ! log t /ood = ,artemis 9 ,euba1 ! /ake t repres5t$ ,pallas ,a!ne1 #8s9e effigie rudis palus1 et in=me lignum1' ! unwr\ght /one 7 7 at ,hyettos :i* #8aft] ! anci5t mann]' repres5t$ ,h]akles1 ! ?irty su* /ones :i* ! ,ph>ans 9 l ar*aic fa%ion wor%ipp$ = ! gods1 & t "o :i* receiv$ su* hon\r 9 ,botian fe/ivals z repres5t+ ! ,!spian ,eros4 ,!ophra/us1 9 ! #d? c5tury ,b4,c41 depicts ! sup]/iti\s ,greek pass+ ! ano9t$ /ones 9 ! /reets1 tak+ out 8 phial & p\r+ oil on !m1 fall+ on 8 knees to adore1 & go+ 8 way4 ,six c5turies lat]1 ,arnobius c\ld describe f 8 own hea!n life ! /ate ( m9d ( ! /ock-&-/one wor%ipp]1 tell+ h[ :5 he saw "o ( ! /ones ano9t$ ) oil1 he acco/$ x 9 flatt]+ words1 & ask$ b5efits f ! s5seless ?+ z ?\gh x conta9$ a pres5t p[]4#cei ,! anci5t & graphic passage 9 ! book ( ,isaiah well m>ks /one-wor%ip )9 ! range ( ! ,semitic race3 #8,among ! smoo? /ones ( ! valley is ?y portion3 ,!y1 !y are ?y lot3 ,ev5 to !m ha/ ?\ p\r$ a dr9k-(f]+1 ,ha/ ?\ (f]$ a meat-(f]+4'#cfj ,long aft]w>ds1 among ! local deities :i* ,mohamm$ f\nd 9 ,arabia1 & :i* ,dr4 ,spr5g] ?9ks he ev5 ackn[l$g$ z div9e dur+ a mom5t :5 he well-nigh broke d[n 9 8 c>e]1 7 ,manah & ,lt1 ! "o a rock1 ! o!r a /one or a /one idol2 :ile ! v5]ation ( ! black /one ( ! ,kaaba1 :i* ,capta9 ,burton ?9ks an arolite1 0 und\bt$ly a local rite :i* ! ,prophet transplant$ into 8 new religion1 :]e x fl\ri%es to ?is day4#cfa ,! curi\s passage 9 ,san*onia?on :i* speaks ( ! ,heav5-god =m+ ! #8btyls1 animat$ /ones' 7 1 1 7 p]haps ref]s to meteorites or suppos$ ?und]bolts fall5 f ! cl\ds4 ,to ! old ,phnician religion1 :i* made s deep a contact ) ! ,jewi% _w on ! "o side & ! ,greek & ,roman on ! o!r1 !re belong$ ! /one pill>s ( ,baal & ! wood5 a%]a-po/s1 b h[ f> ^! objects 7 ( ! "* ( alt>s1 symbols1 or feti%es1 is a riddle4#cfb ,we may /ill say ) ,tacitus1 describ+ ! conical pill> :i* /ood in/ead ( an image to repres5t ! ,paphian ,v5us--#8et ratio 9 obscuro4' ,!re are acc\nts ( =mal ,*ri/ian prohibitions ( /one-wor%ip 9 ,france & ,engl&1 rea*+ on into ! e>ly middle ages1#cfc :i* %[ ?is b>b>ic cultus z !n di/9ctly l+]+ 9 popul> religion4 ,c\pl+ ?is fact ) ! acc\nts ( ! gr\ps ( /&+-/ones set up to repres5t deities 9 ,s\? ,india1 a correspond+ explanation has be5 sugge/$ 9 ,europe4 ,are ! m5hirs1 cromle*s1 c41 idols1 & circles & l9es ( idols1 wor%ipp$ by remotely anci5t dwell]s 9 ! l& z repres5tatives or embodim5ts ( _! gods8 ,! "q at lea/ des]ves consid]ation1 al?\gh ! ideas ) :i* /one-wor%ip is c>ri$ on by diff]5t races are multif>i\s1 & ! analogy may be mislead+4 ,x is rem>kable to :at late times full & g5u9e /one-wor%ip has surviv$ 9 ,europe4 ,9 c]ta9 m\nta9 di/ricts ( ,norway1 up to ! end ( ! la/ c5tury1 ! peasants us$ to pres]ve r\nd /ones1 wa%$ !m e ,?ursday ev5+ 7:i* seems to %[ "s connection ) ,?or71 sme>$ !m ) butt] be=e ! fire1 laid !m 9 ! seat ( hon\r on fre% /raw1 & at c]ta9 times ( ! ye> /eep$ !m 9 ale1 t !y might br+ luck & com=t to ! h\se4#cfd ,9 an acc\nt dat+ f #ahea1 ! isl&]s ( ,inniskea1 (f ,mayo1 are decl>$ to h a /one c>efully wrapp$ 9 flannel1 :i* is br\ght out & wor%ipp$ at c]ta9 p]iods1 & :5 a /orm arises x is supplicat$ to s5d a wreck on ! coa/4#cfe ,no savage ev] %[$ m cle>ly by 8 treatm5t ( a feti% t he consid]$ x a p]sonal be+1 ?an did ^! ,norwegians & ,iri%m54 ,! e?nographic argum5t f ! exi/5ce ( /ock-&-/one wor%ip among s _m nations ( comp>atively high culture seems to me ( great weight z be>+ on religi\s developm5t among mank9d4 ,to imag9e t peoples skill$ 9 c>v+ wood & /one1 & us+ ^! arts habitually 9 mak+ idols1 %\ld h gone out ( _! way to inv5t a practice ( wor%ipp+ logs & pebbles1 is n a likely !ory4 ,b on ! o!r h&1 :5 x is consid]$ h[ su* a rude object s]ves to uncultur$ m5 z a div9e image or receptacle1 !re is no?+ /range 9 its be+ a relic ( e>ly b>b>ism hold+ its place aga9/ m arti/ic models ?r\gh ages ( advanc+ civilization1 by virtue ( ! traditional sanctity :i* belongs to survival f remote antiquity4 ,by a sc>cely p]ceptible transition1 we pass to ,idolatry4 ,a few *ips or scrat*es or daubs ( pa9t suffice to conv]t ! rude po/ or /one into an idol4 ,difficulties :i* complicate ! /udy ( /ock-&-/one wor%ip disappe> 9 ! wor%ip ( ev5 ! rude/ ( unequivocal images1 :i* c no long] be m]e alt>s1 & if symbols mu/ at lea/ be symbols ( a p]sonal be+4 ,idolatry occupies a rem>kable di/rict 9 ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,x h>dly belongs to ! l[e/ savag]y1 :i* simply seems n to h atta9$ to x1 & x h>dly belongs to ! highe/ civilization1 :i* has disc>d$ x4 ,its place is int]m$iate1 rang+ f ! high] savag]y :]e x fir/ cle>ly appe>s1 to ! middle civilization :]e x rea*es its extreme developm5t1 & !nce=w>d its cont9uance is 9 dw9dl+ survival & sometimes exp&+ revival4 ,! position ?us outl9$ is1 h[ev]1 v difficult to map exactly4 ,idolatry does n seem to come 9 uni=mly among ! high] savages2 x belongs1 = in/ance1 fully to ! ,society ,isl&]s1 b n to ! ,tongans & ,fijians4 ,among high] nations1 its pres5ce or abs5ce does n necess>ily agree ) p>ticul> national aff9ities or levels ( culture--comp>e ! idol-wor%ipp+ ,h9du ) 8 e?nic k9sman ! idol-hat+ ,p>si1 or ! idolatr\s ,phnician ) 8 e?nic k9sman ! ,israelite1 among ^: p ! incid5tal relapse into ! proscrib$ image-wor%ip 0 a memory ( disgrace4 ,moreov]1 its t5d5cy to revive is e?nographically emb>rass+4 ,! anci5t ,v$ic religion seems n to recognize idolatry1 yet ! mod]n ,brahmans1 pr(ess$ foll[]s ( ,v$ic doctr9e1 are among ! greate/ idolators ( ! _w4 ,e>ly ,*ri/ianity by no means abrogat$ ! ,jewi% law aga9/ image-wor%ip1 yet image-wor%ip became & /ill rema9s widely spread & deeply root$ 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,( ,idolatry1 s f> z its nature is symbolic or repres5tative1 ,i h giv5 "s acc\nt else:]e4#cff ,! old & greate/ difficulty 9 inve/igat+ ! g5]al subject is ?is1 t an image may be1 ev5 to two vot>ies kneel+ side by side be=e x1 two utt]ly diff]5t ?+s2 to ! "o x may be only a symbol1 a portrait1 a mem5to2 :ile to ! o!r x is an intellig5t & active be+1 by virtue ( a life or _s dwell+ 9 x or act+ ?r\gh x4 ,9 bo? cases ,image-wor%ip is connect$ ) ! belief 9 spiritual be+s1 & is 9 fact a subord9ate developm5t ( animism4 ,b x is only s f> z ! image approximates to ! nature ( a mat]ial body provid$ = a _s1 t ,idolatry comes prop]ly into connexion ) ,feti%ism4 ,x is f ?is po9t ( view t x is propos$ to exam9e "h its purpose & its place 9 hi/ory4 ,an idol1 s f> z x belongs to ! !ory ( _s-embodim5t1 mu/ comb9e ! *>act]s ( portrait & feti%4 ,be>+ ?is 9 m9d1 & notic+ h[ f> ! idol is look$ on z 9 "s way itself an en]getic object1 or z ! v receptacle en%r9+ a spiritual god1 let u proce$ to judge h[ f>1 along ! c\rse ( civilization1 ! idea ( ! image itself ex]t+ p[] or be+ p]sonally animate has prevail$ 9 ! m9d ( ! idolat]4 ,z to ! actual orig9 ( idolatry1 x ne$ n be suppos$ t ! e>lie/ idols made by man seem$ to _! mak] liv+ or ev5 active ?+s4 ,x is q likely t ! prim>y int5tion ( ! image 0 simply to s]ve z a sign or repres5tative ( "s s\l or deity1 & c]ta9ly ?is orig9al "* is m or less ma9ta9$ 9 ! _w ?r\gh ! long hi/ory ( image-wor%ip4 ,at a /age succe$+ ?is orig9al condition1 x may be argu$1 ! t5d5cy to id5tify ! symbol & ! symboliz$1 a t5d5cy s /rong among *ildr5 & ! ignorant ev]y:]e1 l$ to ! idol be+ treat$ z a liv+ p[]ful be+1 & !nce ev5 to explicit doctr9es z to ! mann] ( its en]gy or animation4 ,x is1 !n1 9 ?is second>y /age1 :]e ! once m]ely repres5tative image is pass+ into ! active image-feti%1 t we are p>ticul>ly conc]n$ to und]/& x4 ,"h x is reasonable to judge ! idolat] by 8 di/9ct actions & beliefs4 ,a l9e ( illu/rative examples w c>ry ! p]sonality ( ! idol ?r\gh grade aft] grade ( civilization4 ,among ! l[] races1 su* ?\ghts are display$ by ! ,kurile isl&] ?r[+ 8 idol into ! sea to calm ! /orm2 by ! negro :o fe$s ance/ral images & br+s !m a %>e ( 8 trade pr(its1 b w beat an idol or fl+ x into ! fire if x _c give him luck or pres]ve him f sickness2 by fam\s idols ( ,madagasc>1 ( :i* "o goes ab\t ( himself or guides 8 be>]s1 & ano!r answ]s :5 spok5 to--at lea/1 !y did ?is till !y 7 ignom9i\sly f\nd out a few ye>s ago4 ,among ,tat> peoples ( ,nor? ,asia & ,europe1 conceptions ( ?is class are illu/rat$ by ! ,o/yak1 :o clo!s 8 puppet & fe$s x ) bro?1 b if x br+s him no sport w try ! effect ( a good ?ra%+ on x1 aft] :i* he w clo! & fe$ x aga92 by ! ,lapps1 :o fanci$ _! unc\? images c\ld g ab\t at w2 or ! ,e/hs1 :o wond]$ t _! idols did n ble$ :5 ,diet]i* ! ,*ri/ian prie/ hew$ !m d[n4 ,among high ,asiatic nations1 :at c\ld be m an?ropomorphic ?an ! rites ( mod]n ,h9duism1 ! dances ( ! naut*-girls be=e ! idols1 ! tak+ out ( ,jaganna? 9 procession to pay visits1 ! sp9n+ ( tops be=e ,kri%na to amuse him8 ,buddhism is a religion 9 its pr9ciples little fav\rable to idolatry4 ,yet1 f sett+ up portrait-/atues ( ,gautama & o!r sa9ts1 !re develop$ itself ! full wor%ip ( images1 & ev5 ( images ) hidd5 jo9ts & cavities1 :i* mov$ & spoke z 9 our own middle ages4 ,9 ,*9a1 we read /ories ( wor%ipp]s abus+ "s idol t has fail$ 9 its duty4 #8,h[ n[1' !y say1 #8y dog ( a _s2 we h giv5 y an abode 9 a spl5did temple1 we gild y & fe$ y & fumigate y ) inc5se1 & yet y are s ungrateful t y won't li/5 to our pray]s6' ,s !y drag him 9 ! dirt1 & !n1 if !y get :at !y want1 x is b to clean him & set him up aga91 ) apologies & promises ( a new coat ( gild+4 ,!re is :at appe>s a g5u9e /ory ( a ,*9aman :o _h paid an idol prie/ to cure 8 daught]1 b %e di$2 :]eupon ! sw9dl$ wor%ipp] br\ght an action at law aga9/ ! god1 :o = 8 fraud 0 bani%$ f ! prov9ce4 ,! classic in/ances1 aga91 are p]fect--! dress+ & ano9t+ ( /atues1 fe$+ !m ) delicacies & div]t+ !m ) r>ee-%[s1 summon+ !m z witnesses2 ! /ory ( ! ,arkadian y\?s com+ back f a bad day's hunt+ & rev5g+ !mselves by sc\rg+ & prick+ ,pan's /atue1 & ! companion tale ( ! image :i* fell ^u ! man :o ill-treat$ x2 ! ,tyrians *a9+ ! /atue ( ! ,sun-god t he might n ab&on _! city2 ,augu/us *a/is+ 9 effigy ! ill-behav$ ,neptune2 ,apollo's /atue t mov$ :5 x w\ld give an oracle2 & ! re/ ( ! images :i* br&i%$ weapons1 or wept1 or sweat$1 to prove _! sup]natural p[]s4 ,su* ideas cont9u$ to hold _! place 9 ,*ri/5dom1 z 0 natural1 consid]+ h[ directly ! holy image or picture took ! place ( ! h\sehold god or ! mighti] idol ( ! temple4 ,! ,russian boor cov]+ up ! sa9t's picture t x may n see him d wrong2 ! ,m+relian borr[+ a successful neighb\r's sa9t :5 8 own crop fails1 or :5 ab\t to p]jure himself *oos+ = ! witness ( 8 deceitful oa? a sa9t ( mild c\nt5ance & m]ciful repute2 ! peasant ( ,s\!rn ,europe1 alt]nately coax+ & trampl+ on 8 special sa9t-feti%1 & duck+ ! ,virg9 or ,/4 ,pet] = ra92 ! w9k+ & weep+ images t are work$1 ev5 at ?is day1 to ! great] glory ( ,god1 or r to ! great] %ame ( ,man--^! are b ! extreme in/ances ( ! wor%ipp]'s end[m5t ( ! sacr$ image ) a life & p]sonality modell$ on 8 own4#cfg ,! appe>ance ( idolatry at a grade above ! l[e/ ( kn[n human culture1 & its developm5t 9 ext5t & elaborat5ess "u high] conditions ( civilization1 are well display$ among ! native races ( ,am]ica4 #8,conspicu\s by its abs5ce' among _m ( ! l[] tribes1 image-wor%ip comes pla9ly into view t[>d ! upp] levels ( savag]y1 z :]e1 = in/ance1 ,brazilian native tribes set up 9 _! huts1 or 9 ! recesses ( ! =e/1 _! pygmy heav5-desc5d$ figures ( wax or wood2#cfh or :]e ! ,m&ans1 h[l+ & :9+1 made _! pray]s be=e puppets ( grass & sk9s2 or :]e ! spiritual be+s ( ! ,algonqu9s 7manitu7 or ! ,hurons 7oki7 7 repres5t$ by1 & 9 language id5tifi$ )1 ! c>v$ wood5 heads or m complete images to :i* wor%ip & sacrifice 7 (f]$4 ,among ! ,virg9ians & o!r ( ! m cultur$ ,s\!rn tribes1 ^! idols ev5 _h temples to dwell 94#cfi ,! discov]]s ( ! ,new ,_w f\nd idolatry an accept$ in/itution among ! isl&]s ( ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,^! /rong animi/s are record$ to h c>v$ _! little images 9 ! %apes 9 :i* !y believ$ ! spirits !mselves to h appe>$ to !m2 & "s human figures bore ! names ( ance/ors 9 memory ( !m4 ,! images ( su* #8cemi' or spirits1 "s animal1 b mo/ ( human type1 7 f\nd by ?\s&s2 & x is ev5 decl>$ t an isl& ne> ,hayti _h a population ( idol-mak]s1 :o especially made images ( nocturnal spectres4 ,! _s c\ld be convey$ ) ! image1 bo? 7 call$ #8cemi1' & 9 ! local acc\nts ( sacrifices1 oracles1 & miracles1 ! deity & ! idol are mix$ toge!r 9 a way :i* at lea/ %[s ! extreme clos5ess ( _! connexion 9 ! native m9d4#cgj ,if we pass to ! f> high] culture ( ,p]u1 we f9d idols 9 full rev]5ce1 "s ( !m complete figures1 b ! great deities ( ,sun & ,moon figur$ by discs ) human c\nt5ances1 l ^? :i* to ?is day repres5t !m 9 symbol among ourselves4 ,z = ! conqu]$ neighb\r+ tribes br\ght "u ! dom9ion ( ! ,incas1 _! idols 7 c>ri$1 half trophies & half ho/ages1 to ,cuzco1 to rank among ! inf]ior deities ( ! ,p]uvian ,pan!on4#cga ,9 ,mexico1 idolatry _h atta9$ to its full b>b>ic developm5t4 ,z 9 ! ,aztec m9d ! _w sw>m$ ) spiritual deities1 s _! mat]ial repres5tatives1 ! idols1 /ood 9 ! h\ses at ! corn]s ( ! /reets1 on e hill & rock1 to receive f pass]s-by "s little (f]+--a nosegay1 a :iff ( inc5se1 a drop or two ( blood2 :ile 9 ! temples m huge & elaborate images enjoy$ ! dances & processions 9 _! hon\r1 7 f$ by ! bloody sacrifice ( m5 & bea/s1 & receiv$ ! tribute & rev]5ce paid to ! great national gods4#cgb ,up to a c]ta9 po9t1 su* evid5ce be>s ^u ! pres5t "q4 ,we le>n t ! native races ( ! ,new ,_w _h idols1 t ^? idols 9 "s sort repres5t$ ance/ral s\ls & o!r deities1 & = !m receiv$ adoration & sacrifice4 ,b :e!r ! native ideas ( ! connexion ( _s & image 7 obscure1 or :e!r ! =eign obs]v]s did n get at ^! ideas1 or p>tly = bo? reasons1 !re is a g5]al want ( express /atem5t h[ f> ! idols ( ,am]ica rema9$ m]e symbols or portraits1 or h[ f> !y _h come to be consid]$ ! animat$ bodies ( ! gods4 ,x is n always ?us1 h[ev]4 ,9 ! isl& regions ( ! ,s\!rn ,hemisph]e1 :ile image-wor%ip sc>cely appe>s among ! ,&aman isl&]s1 ,tasmanians1 or ,au/ralians1 & is abs5t or r>e 9 v>i\s ,papuan & ,polynesian di/ricts1 x prevails among ! majority ( ! isl& tribes :o h atta9$ to middle & high savage levels4 ,9 ,polynesian isl&s1 :]e ! mean+ ( ! native idolatry has be5 c>efully exam9$1 x is f\nd to re/ on ! mo/ absolute !ory ( _s-embodim5t4 ,?us1 ,new-,zeal&]s set up memorial idols ( deceas$ p]sons ne> ! burial-place1 talk+ affectionately to !m z if /ill alive1 & ca/+ g>m5ts to !m :5 !y pass$ by1 also !y pres]ve 9 _! h\ses small c>v$ wood5 images1 ea* d$icat$ to ! _s ( an ance/or4 ,x is di/9ctly held t su* an atua or ance/ral deity ent]s into ! sub/ance ( an image 9 ord] to hold conv]se ) ! liv+4 ,a prie/ c by repeat+ *>ms cause ! _s to ent] into ! idol1 :i* he w ev5 j]k by a /r+ r\nd its neck to arre/ its att5tion2 x is ! same atua or _s :i* w at times ent] n ! image b ! prie/ himself1 ?r[ him into convulsions1 & deliv] oracles ?r\gh him2 :ile x is q und]/ood t ! images !mselves are n objects ( wor%ip1 nor d !y possess 9 !mselves any virtue1 b d]ive _! sacr$ness f be+ ! tempor>y abodes ( spirits4#cgc ,9 ! ,society ,isl&s1 x 0 notic$ 9 ,capta9 ,cook's exploration t ! c>v$ wood5 images at burial-places 7 n consid]$ m]e memorials1 b abodes into :i* ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$ retir$4 ,9 ,mr4 ,ellis's acc\nt ( ! ,polynesian idolatry1 relat+ z x seems especially to ?is gr\p1 ! sacr$ objects might be ei!r m]e /ocks & /ones1 or c>v$ wood5 images1 f six or eight feet long d[n to z _m in*es4 ,"s ( ^! 7 to repres5t #8tii1' div9e manes or spirits ( ! dead1 :ile o!rs 7 to repres5t #8tu1' or deities ( high] rank & p[]4 ,at c]ta9 seasons1 or 9 answ] to ! pray]s ( ! prie/s1 ^! spiritual be+s ent]$ into ! idols1 :i* !n became v p[]ful1 b :5 ! _s dep>t$1 ! idol rema9$ only a sacr$ object4 ,a god (t5 came to & pass$ f an image 9 ! body ( a bird1 & spiritual influ5ce c\ld be transmitt$ f an idol by imp>t+ x by contact to c]ta9 valu$ k9ds ( fea!rs1 :i* c\ld be c>ri$ away 9 ?is #8inhabit$' /ate1 & ?us ex]t p[] else:]e1 & transf] x to new idols4 ,"h !n we h ! simil>ity ( s\ls to o!r spirits %[n by ! simil> way 9 :i* bo? become embodi$ 9 images1 j z ^! same p consid] bo? to ent] into human bodies4 ,& we h ! pure feti%1 :i* "h is a fea!r or a log or /one1 br\ght toge!r ) ! m elaborate c>v$ idol1 all "u "o common pr9ciple ( _s-embodim5t4#cgd ,9 ,borneo1 not)/&+ ! ,moslem prohibition ( idolatry1 n only d images rema9 9 use1 b ! doctr9e ( _s-embodim5t is di/9ctly appli$ to !m4 ,among ! tribes ( ,we/]n ,s>awak ! prie/esses h made = !m rude figures ( birds1 :i* none b !y may t\*4 ,^! are suppos$ to become inhabit$ by spirits1 & at ! great h>ve/ fea/s are hung up 9 bun*es ( t5 or tw5ty 9 ! long common room1 c>efully veil$ ) col\r$ h&k]*iefs4 ,aga91 among "s ,dayak tribes1 !y w make rude figures ( a nak$ man & woman1 & place ^! opposite to "o ano!r on ! pa? to ! f>ms4 ,on _! heads are head-dresses ( b>k1 by _! sides is ! betel-nut basket1 & 9 _! h&s a %ort wood5 spe>4 ,^! figures are said to be inhabit$ ea* by a _s :o prev5ts inimical influ5ces f pass+ on to ! f>ms1 & likewise f ! f>ms to ! village1 & evil betide ! pr(ane wret* :o lifts 8 h& aga9/ !m--viol5t fev] & sickness w\ld be sure to foll[4#cge ,we/ ,africa naturally applies its famili> feti%-doctr9e ( _s-embodim5t to images or idols4 ,h[ an image may be consid]$ a receptacle = a _s1 is well %[n "h by ! /raw & rag figures ( m5 & bea/s made 9 ,calab> at ! great tri5nial purification1 = ! expell$ spirits to take refuge 91 :]eupon !y are got rid ( ov] ! bord]4#cgf ,z to positive idols1 no?+ c\ld be m explicit ?an ! ,gold-,coa/ acc\nt ( c]ta9 wood5 figures call$ #8amagai1' :i* are specially treat$ by a #8wong-man' or prie/1 & h a #8wong' or deity 9 connexion ) !m2 s close is ! connexion conceiv$ betwe5 _s & image1 t ! idol is itself call$ #8wong4'#cgg ,s 9 ! ,ewe di/rict1 ! same #8edro' or deity :o inspires ! prie/ is also pres5t 9 ! idol1 & #8edro' signifies bo? god & idol4#cgh ,waitz sums up ! pr9ciples ( ,we/ ,african idolatry 9 a di/9ct !ory ( embodim5t1 z foll[s3 #8,! god himself is invisible1 b ! devotional feel+ & especially ! lively fancy ( ! negro dem&s a visible object to :i* wor%ip may be direct$4 ,he wi%es really & s5sibly to behold ! god1 & seeks to %ape 9 wood or clay ! conception he has =m$ ( him4 ,n[ if ! prie/1 :om ! god himself at times inspires & takes possession (1 consecrates ?is figure to him1 ! idea has only to foll[ t ! god may 9 consequ5ce be pleas$ to take up 8 abode 9 ! figure1 to :i* he may be specially invit$ by ! consecration1 & ?us image-wor%ip is se5 to be compreh5sible en\gh4 ,d5ham f\nd t ev5 to take a man's portrait 0 dang]\s & caus$ mi/ru/1 f ! fe> t a "p ( ! liv+ man's s\l might be convey$ by magic into ! artificial figure4 ,! idols are n1 z ,bosman ?9ks1 deputies ( ! gods1 b m]ely objects 9 :i* ! god loves to place himself1 & :i* at ! same "t display him 9 s5sible pres5ce to 8 ador]s4 ,! god is also by no means b\nd fa/ to 8 dwell+ 9 ! image1 he goes out & 91 or r is pres5t 9 x sometimes ) m & sometimes ) less int5sity4'#cgi ,ca/rn's wide & c>eful rese>*es among ! rude ,turanian tribes ( ,nor? ,asia l$ him to =m a simil> conception ( ! orig9 & nature ( _! idolatry4 ,! idols ( ^! p are unc\? objects1 (t5 m]e /ones or logs ) "s sort ( human c\nt5ance1 or sometimes m f9i%$ images1 ev5 ( metal2 "s are l>ge1 "s m]e dolls2 !y belong to individuals1 or families1 or tribes2 !y may be kept 9 ! yurts = private use1 or set up 9 sacr$ groves or on ! /eppes or ne> ! hunt+ & fi%+ places !y preside ov]1 or !y may ev5 h special temple-h\ses2 "s op5-air gods are left nak$1 n to spoil good clo!s1 b o!rs "u cov] are deck$ out ) all an ,o/yak's or ,samoy$'s weal? ( sc>let clo?s & co/ly furs1 necklaces & tr9kets2 & la/ly1 to ! idols are made ri* (f]+s ( food1 clo!s1 furs1 kettles1 pipes1 & ! re/ ( ! inv5tory ( ,sib]ian nomade ri*es4 ,n[ ^! idols are n to be tak5 z m]e symbols or portraits ( deities1 b ! wor%ipp]s mo/ly imag9e t ! deity dwells 9 ! image or1 s to speak1 is embodi$ 9 x1 :]eby ! idol becomes a real god capable ( giv+ heal? & prosp]ity to man4 ,on ! "o h&1 ! deity becomes s]viceable to ! wor%ipp] by be+ ?us conta9$ & kept = 8 use1 & on ! o!r h&1 ! god pr(its by receiv+ ri*] (f]+s1 fail+ :i* x w\ld dep>t f its receptacle4 ,we ev5 he> ( num]\s spirits be+ conta9$ 9 "o image1 & fly+ (f at ! dea? ( ! %aman :o own$ x4 ,9 ,buddhi/ ,tibet1 z 9 ,we/ ,africa1 ! practice ( conjur+ into puppets ! demons :i* mole/ m5 is a recogniz$ rite2 :ile 9 ,siam ! mak+ ( clay puppets to be expos$ on trees or by ! roadside1 or set adrift ) food-(f]+s 9 baskets1 is a recogniz$ mann] ( expell+ disease-spirits4#chj ,9 ! image-wor%ip ( mod]n ,india1 !re crop up traces ( ! embodim5t-!ory4 ,x is possible = ! intellig5t ,h9du to atta* z little real p]sonality to a div9e image1 z to ! man ( /raw :i* he makes 9 ord] to celebrate ! fun]al rites ( a relative ^: body _c be recov]$4 ,he c ev5 prote/ aga9/ be+ treat$ z an idolat] at all1 decl>+ ! images ( 8 gods to be b symbols1 br++ to 8 m9d ?\ghts ( ! real deities1 z a portrait rem9ds "o ( a fri5d no long] to be se5 9 ! body4 ,yet 9 ! popul> religion ( 8 c\ntry1 :at c\ld be m 9 con=mity ) ! feti%-!ory ?an ! practice ( mak+ tempor>y holl[ clay idols by t5s ( ?\s&s1 :i* receive no v5]ation = !mselves1 & only become objects ( wor%ip :5 ! (ficiat+ brahman has invit$ ! deity to dwell 9 ! image1 p]=m+ ! c]emony ( ! #8adhivsa' or inhabitation1 aft] :i* he puts 9 ! eyes & ! #8prna1' i4e41 brea?1 life1 or s\l4#cha ,n[h]e1 p]haps1 9 ! wide hi/ory ( religion1 c we f9d def9itions m full & absolute ( ! !ory ( deities actually animat+ _! images1 ?an 9 ^? passages f e>ly ,*ri/ian writ]s :i* describe ! nature & op]ation ( ! hea!n idols4 ,arnobius introduces ! hea!n z decl>+ t x is n ! bronze or gold & silv] mat]ial !y consid] to be gods1 b !y wor%ip 9 !m ^? be+s :i* sacr$ d$ication introduces1 & causes to inhabit ! artificial images4#chb ,augu/9e cites z foll[s ! op9ions attribut$ to ,h]mes ,trismegi/us4 ,?is ,egyptian1 he tells u1 consid]s "s gods z made by ! highe/ ,deity1 & "s by m52 #8he ass]ts ! visible & tangible images to be z x 7 bodies ( gods1 = !re are )9 !m c]ta9 invit$ spirits1 ( "s avail = do+ h>m or = fulfill+ c]ta9 desires ( ^? :o pay !m div9e hon\rs & rites ( wor%ip4 ,by a c]ta9 art to connect ^! invisible spirits ) visible objects ( corporeal matt]1 t su* may be z x 7 animat$ bodies1 effigies d$icate & subs]vi5t to ! spirits--?is is :at he calls mak+ gods1 & m5 h receiv$ ?is great & wondr\s p[]4' ,& fur!r1 ?is ,trismegi/us is made to speak ( #8/atues animat$ ) s5se & full ( _s1 do+ s great ?+s2 /atues presci5t ( ! future1 & pr$ict+ x by lots1 by prie/s1 by dreams1 & by _m o!r ways4'#chc ,?is idea1 z accept$ by ! e>ly ,*ri/ians !mselves1 ) ! qualification t ! spiritual be+s inhabit+ ! idols 7 n b5efic5t deities b devils1 is explicitly /at$ by ,m9ucius ,felix1 9 a passage 9 ! #8,octavius1' :i* gives an in/ructive acc\nt ( ! animi/ic philosophy ( ,*ri/ianity t[>ds ! beg9n+ ( ! ?ird c5tury3 #8,?us ^! impure spirits or demons1 z %[n by ! magi1 by ! philosoph]s1 & by ,plato1 are conceal$ by consecration 9 /atues & images1 & by _! afflatus obta9 ! au?ority z ( a pres5t deity :5 at times !y inspire prie/s1 inhabit temples1 occasionally animate ! filam5ts ( ! entrails1 gov]n ! flight ( birds1 guide ! fall+ ( lots1 give oracles envelop$ 9 _m falsehoods 444 also secretly creep+ into 7m5's7 bodies z ?9 spirits1 !y feign diseases1 t]rify m9ds1 di/ort limbs1 9 ord] to compel m5 to _! wor%ip2 t fatt5+ on ! /eam ( alt>s or _! (f]$ victims f ! flocks1 !y may seem to h cur$ ! ailm5ts :i* !y _h con/ra9$4 ,& ^! are ! madm5 :om ye see ru% =? into public places2 & ! v prie/s )\t ! temple ?us g mad1 ?us rave1 ?us :irl ab\t4444 ,all ^! ?+s mo/ ( y "k1 h[ ! v demons confess ( !mselves1 s (t5 z !y are expell$ by u f ! pati5ts' bodies ) torm5ts ( ^w & fires ( pray]4 ,saturn himself1 & ,s]apis1 & ,jupit]1 & :atsoev] demons ye wor%ip1 ov]come by pa9 decl>e :at !y are2 nor surely d !y lie conc]n+ _! iniquity1 above all :5 sev]al ( y are pres5t4 ,believe ^! witnesses1 confess+ ! tru? ( !mselves1 t !y are demons4 ,= adjur$ by ! true & only ,god1 !y %udd] reluctant 9 ! wret*$ bodies2 & ei!r !y issue =? at once1 or vani% gradually1 accord+ z ! fai? ( ! pati5t aids1 or ! grace ( ! cur] fav\rs4'#chd ,! /rang5ess ) :i* su* words n[ fall ^u our e>s is full ( significance4 ,x is "o symptom ( t va/ quiet *ange :i* has come ov] animi/ic philosophy 9 ! mod]n educat$ _w4 ,:ole ord]s ( spiritual be+s1 wor%ipp$ 9 poly!i/ic religion1 & degrad$ 9 e>ly ,*ri/5dom to real b evil demons1 h s9ce pass$ f objective to subjective exi/5ce1 h fad$ f ! ,spiritual into ! ,ideal4 ,by ! op]ation ( simil> intellectual *anges1 ! g5]al !ory ( _s-embodim5t1 hav+ fulfill$ ! great "w x _h = ages to d 9 religion & philosophy1 has n[ dw9dl$ )9 ! limits ( ! educat$ _w to ne> its vani%+-po9t4 ,! doctr9es ( ,disease-possession & ,oracle-possession1 once integral p>ts ( ! high] philosophy1 & /ill ma9ta9+ a vigor\s exi/5ce 9 ! l[] culture1 seem to be dy+ out )9 ! influ5ce ( ! high] into dogmatic survival1 consci\s metaphor1 & popul> sup]/ition4 ,! doctr9e ( _s-embodim5t 9 objects1 ,feti%ism1 n[ sc>cely appe>s outside b>b>ic regions save 9 ! peasant folklore :i* keeps x up among/ u ) s _m o!r remnants ( b>b>ic ?\ght4 ,& ! l !ory ( spiritual influ5ce z appli$ to ,idolatry1 ?\gh /ill to be /udi$ among savages & b>b>ians1 & on record 9 pa/ ages ( ! civiliz$ _w1 has p]i%$ s utt]ly among/ ourselves1 t few b /ud5ts are aw>e ( its ev] hav+ exi/$4 ,to br+ home to our m9ds ! va/ness ( ! intellectual tract :i* sep>ates mod]n f savage philosophy1 & to enable u to look back along ! pa? :]e /ep by /ep ! m9d's j\rney 0 made1 x w s]ve u to glance ov] ! l&m>ks :i* language to ?is day keeps /&+4 ,our mod]n languages rea* back ?r\gh ! middle ages to classic & b>b>ic times1 :]e 9 ?is matt] ! transition f ! crude/ primval animism is q manife/4 ,we keep 9 daily use1 & turn to mod]n mean+1 old words & idioms :i* c>ry u home to ! philosophy ( anci5t days4 ,we talk ( #8g5ius' /ill1 b ) ?\ght h[ *ang$4 ,! g5ius ( ,augu/us 0 a tutel>y demon1 to be sworn by & to receive (f]+s on an alt> z a deity4 ,9 mod]n ,engli%1 ,%aksp]e1 ,newton1 or ,well+ton1 is said to be l$ & prompt$ by 8 g5ius1 b t g5ius is a %rivell$ philosophic metaphor4 ,s ! ^w #8_s' & its k9dr$ t]ms keep up ) wondr\s p]t9acity ! traces :i* connect ! ?\ght ( ! savage ) its h]$it>y successor1 ! ?\ght ( ! philosoph]4 ,b>b>ic philosophy reta9s z real :at civiliz$ language has r$uc$ to simile4 ,! ,siamese is made drunk ) ! demon ( ! arrack t possesses ! dr9k]1 :ile we ) s diff]5t s5se /ill extract ! #8_s ( w9e4'#che ,look at ! say+ ascrib$ to ,py?agoras1 & m5tion$ by ,porphyry4 #8,! s\nd inde$ :i* is giv5 by /rik+ brass1 is ! voice ( a c]ta9 demon conta9$ 9 t brass4' ,^! might h be5 ! repres5tative words ( "s savage animi/ic philosoph]2 b ) ! *ang$ mean+ br\ght by c5turies ( philosophiz+1 ,ok5 hit ^u a def9ition almo/ id5tical 9 =m1 t #8,:at s\nds1 ann\nces its _s' 7#8,0 tnt1 gibt se95 ,gei/ kund'74#chf ,:at ! savage w\ld h meant1 or ,porphyry aft] him did mean1 0 t ! brass 0 actually animat$ by a _s ( ! brass ap>t f its matt]1 b :5 a mod]n philosoph] takes up ! old phrase1 all he means is ! qualities ( ! brass4 ,z 9 o!r animi/ic phrases ( ?\ght & feel+ su* z #8animal spirits1' or be+ 9 #8good & bad spirits1' ! t]m only recalls ) an ef=t ! long-pa/ philosophy :i* x once express$4 ,! mod]n !ory ( ! m9d consid]s x capable ( p]=m+ ev5 exalt$ & unusual functions )\t ! int]v5tion ( prompt+ or excit+ demons2 yet ! old recognition ( su* be+s crops up "h & !re 9 phrases :i* adapt animi/ic ideas to commonplaces ( human disposition1 z :5 a man is /ill said to be animat$ by a patriotic _s1 or possess$ by a _s ( disob$i5ce4 ,9 old times ! 1 or #8v5triloquus' 0 really held to h a _s rumbl+ or talk+ f inside 8 body1 z :5 ,eurykles ! soo?say] 0 inspir$ by su* a famili>2 or :5 a c]ta9 ,patri>* m5tion+ a demon he>d to speak out ( a man's belly1 rem>ks on ! wor?y place x _h *os5 to dwell 94 ,9 ! "t ( ,hippokrates1 ! giv+ ( oracul> responses by su* v5triloquism 0 practis$ by c]ta9 wom5 z a pr(ession4 ,to ?is day 9 ,*9a "o may get an oracul> response f a _s app>5tly talk+ out ( a m$ium's /oma*1 = a fee ( ab\t twop5ce-halfp5ny4 ,h[ *ang$ a philosophy x m>ks1 t among ourselves ! ^w #8v5triloqui/' %\ld h sunk to its pres5t mean+4#chg ,nor is t *ange less significant :i*1 />t+ ) ! conception ( a man be+ really 1 possess$ by a deity )9 him1 c>ries on a metamorphos$ relic ( ?is ?or\gh animi/ic ?\ght1 f to #8en?usiasm4' ,) all ?is1 let x n be suppos$ t su* *ange ( op9ion 9 ! educat$ _w has come ab\t ?r\gh wanton incr$ulity or decay ( ! religi\s temp]am5t4 ,its s\rce is ! alt]ation 9 natural sci5ce1 assign+ new causes = ! op]ations ( nature & ! ev5ts ( life4 ,! !ory ( ! imm$iate action ( p]sonal spirits has "h1 z s widely else:]e1 giv5 place to ideas ( =ce & law4 ,no indwell+ deity n[ regulates ! life ( ! burn+ sun1 no gu>dian angels drive ! />s across ! ar*+ firmam5t1 ! div9e ,ganges is wat] fl[+ d[n into ! sea to evaporate into cl\d & desc5d aga9 9 ra94 ,no deity simm]s 9 ! boil+ pot1 no presid+ spirits dwell 9 ! volcano1 no h[l+ demon %rieks f ! m\? ( ! lunatic4 ,!re 0 a p]iod ( human ?\ght :5 ! :ole univ]se seem$ actuat$ by spiritual life4 ,= our k ( our own hi/ory1 x is deeply int]e/+ t !re %\ld rema9 rude races yet liv+ "u ! philosophy :i* we h s f> pass$ f1 s9ce ,physics1 ,*emi/ry1 ,biology1 h seiz$ :ole prov9ces ( ! anci5t ,animism1 sett+ =ce = life & law = w4 ,footnote #bbi3 ,see ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #acd2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]ikanis*e ,urreligion51' p4 #aga4 ,footnote #bcj3 ,philo ,jud4 de ,gigantibus1 iv4 ,footnote #bca3 ,rituale ,romanum3 ,de ,exorciz&is ,obsessis a ,dmonio4 ,footnote #bcb3 ,oldfield1 #8,abor4 ( ,au/ralia' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bcf4 ,see ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' p4 #aha4 ,footnote #bcc3 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #ajd4 ,footnote #bcd3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dbi4 ,footnote #bce3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p ii4 p4 #aie2 ,m4 ,ea/man1 #8,dahcotah1' p4 #gb4 ,footnote #bcf3 ,burton1 #8,c5tral ,afr4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cdd2 ,s*legel1 #8,ewe-,spra*e1' p4 xxv4 ,footnote #bcg3 ,falkn]1 #8,patagonia1' p4 #aaf2 b cf4 ,mu/]s1 p4 #ahj4 ,footnote #bch3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #abb4 ,footnote #bci3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #bjf4 ,footnote #bdj3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 pp4 #abi1 #daf2 vol4 iii4 pp4 #bi1 #beg1 #bgh2 #8,psy*ologie1' pp4 #gg1 #ii2 ,cross1 #8,k>5s1' l4 c4 p4 #caf2 ,elliot 9 #8,j\rn4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 p4 #aae2 ,bu*anan1 #8,mysore1 c41' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 viii4 p4 #fgg4 ,footnote #bda3 ,%ortt1 #8,tribes ( ,india1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vii4 p4 #aib2 ,t9l+1 #8,t\r r\nd ,india1' p4 #ai4 ,footnote #bdb3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #aja4 ,footnote #bdc3 ,sir ,j4 ,%ore 9 #8,asiatic ,res4' vol4 iv4 p4 #cca4 ,footnote #bdd3 ,= "s collections ( details ( manes-wor%ip1 see ,me9]s1 #8,ges*i*te d] ,religion51' vol4 i4 book #c2 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #djb-aa2 #8,psy*ologie1' pp4 #gb-aad4 ,footnote #bde3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #gc1 #agc1 #bji1 #bfa2 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #ci1 "p iii4 p4 #bcg2 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 iii4 pp4 #aia1 #bjd4 ,footnote #bdf3 ,backh\se1 #8,au/ralia1' p4 #aje2 ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' p4 #ahb4 ,footnote #bdg3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #hh4 ,footnote #bdh3 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #ajd2 ,s4 ,s4 ,f>m]1 p4 #abf2 ,%ortl&1 #8,trads4 ( ,n4 ,z4' p4 #ha2 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #ajh4 ,footnote #bdi3 ,j4 ,r4 ,=/]1 #8,obs]vations1' p4 #fjd2 ,m>sd51 #8,sumatra1' p4 #beh2 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 ii4 p4 #bcd4 ,footnote #bej3 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 pp4 #abc1 #dbc4 ,z to ! connexion ( ! ,vazimbas ) ! ,mazimba ( ,ea/ ,africa1 see ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #cfj1 #dbf4 ,footnote #bea3 ,callaway1 #8,religi\s ,sy/em ( ,amazulu1' "p ii42 see also ,arb\sset & ,daumas1 p4 #dfi2 ,casalis1 #8,basutos1' pp4 #bdh-ed2 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #daa1 #dai2 ,magy>1 #8,reis5 9 ,sd-,afrika1' pp4 #ba1 #cce 7,congo72 ,cavazzi1 #8,congo1' lib4 i4 ,footnote #beb3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #bag1 #chh-ic4 ,see ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #aha1 #aid4 ,footnote #bec3 ,bailey 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cja4 ,comp>e ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #aec4 ,footnote #bed3 ,bu*anan1 #8,mysore1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 viii4 pp4 #fgd-g4 ,see ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #ie 7,khonds72 ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal1' p4 #ahc 7,santals74 ,footnote #bee3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #abb2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #ij4 ,see ,palgrave1 #8,arabia1' vol4 i4 p4 #cgc4 ,footnote #bef3 ,siebold1 #8,nippon1' vol4 i4 p4 #c1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ea2 ,kempf]1 #8,japan1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 vii4 pp4 #fgb1 #fhj1 #gbc1 #gee4 ,footnote #beg3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 iii4 p4 #bej4 ,footnote #beh3 ,pla?1 #8,religion d] alt5 ,*9es51' "p i4 p4 #fe1 "p ii4 p4 #hi2 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 pp4 vi4 viii42 vol4 ii4 p4 #cgc2 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' ,new ,s]4 vol4 ii4 p4 #cfc2 ,legge1 #8,confucius1' p4 #ib4 ,footnote #bei3 ,manu1 book iii4 ,footnote #bfj3 ,details 9 ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop4' s4v4 #8inf]i'2 ,smi?'s #8,dic4 ( ,gr4 & ,rom4 ,biog4 & ,my?4'2 ,me9]s1 ,h>tung1 c4 ,footnote #bfa3 ,middleton1 #8,lett] f ,rome'2 ,murray's #8,h&book ( ,rome4' ,footnote #bfb3 ,l4 ,f4 ,alfr$ ,maury1 #8,magie1 c41' p4 #bdi2 #8,acta ,sanctorum1' #bg ,sep42 ,gregor4 ,turon4 ,de ,gloria ,m>tyr1 i4 #ih4 ,footnote #bfc3 ,j4 ,r4 ,be/e1 #8,n[adays at ,home & ,abroad1' ,london1 #ahgj1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dd2 #8,a ,new ,miracle at ,rome2 be+ an ,acc\nt ( a ,miracul\s ,cure1 c41 c41' ,london 7,wa%b\rne71 #ahgj4 ,footnote #bfd3 ,oldfield 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bce2 see ,grey1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ccg4 ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' pp4 #ahc1 #aie4 ,footnote #bfe3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 p4 #cjg4 ,footnote #bff3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #bjd2 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #gc1 see p4 #abe 7,battas72 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #cgj4 ,see also ,mason1 #8,k>5s1' l4 c4 p4 #bja4 ,footnote #bfg3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iii4 p4 #aaj1 vol4 iv4 p4 #aid2 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 pp4 #ga1 #hg2 ,beeckman 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 ix4 p4 #acc2 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #bgh4 ,see also ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #aei4 ,footnote #bfh3 ,%ortl&1 #8,trads4 ( ,n4 ,z4' pp4 #ig1 #aad1 #abe2 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' pp4 #dh1 #acg4 ,footnote #bfi3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bcf4 ,footnote #bgj3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 pp4 #cfc1 #cie1 c41 vol4 ii4 pp4 #aic1 #bgd2 ,cook1 #8#crd ,voy4' vol4 iii4 p4 #aca4 ,details ( ! sup]human "* ascrib$ to weak or d]ang$ p]sons among o!r races1 9 ,s*oolcraft1 "p iv4 p4 #di2 ,m>tius1 vol4 i4 p4 #fcc2 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #cbc2 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aha4 ,footnote #bga3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #bej1 "p ii4 pp4 #agi1 #aii1 "p iii4 p4 #dih2 ,m4 ,ea/man1 #8,dahcotah1' pp4 xxiii4 #cd1 #da1 #gb4 ,see also ,gregg1 #8,comm]ce ( ,prairies1' vol4 ii4 p4 #big 7,coman*es72 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #afc2 ,sproat1 p4 #agd 7,ahts72 ,eg$e1 #8,gre5l&1' p4 #ahf2 ,cranz1 p4 #bfi4 ,footnote #bgb3 ,roman ,pane1 xix4 9 #8,life ( ,colon'2 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xii4 p4 #hg4 ,footnote #bgc3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 ii4 pp4 #gc1 #afh2 ,mu/]s1 #8,patagonians1' p4 #ahj4 ,see also ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #bjg1 #bca 7,c>ibs72 ,spix & ,m>tius1 #8,brasili51' vol4 i4 p4 #gj2 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #fdf 7,m>cusis74 ,footnote #bgd3 ,casalis1 #8,basutos1' p4 #bdg2 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #adg1 c42 ,magy>1 #8,sd-,afrika1' p4 #ba1 c42 ,burton1 #8,c5tral ,afr4' vol4 ii4 pp4 #cbj1 #ced2 ,/e]e 9 #8,j\rn4 ,an?rop4 ,in/4' vol4 i4 #ahga1 p4 cxlvii4 ,footnote #bge3 ,/e9haus]1 #8,religion des ,neg]s1' 9 #8,magaz4 d] ,evang4 ,missions und ,bibel-,gesells*aft51' ,basel1 #ahef1 ,no4 #b1 p4 #aci4 ,footnote #bgf3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #bag1 #chh4 ,footnote #bgg3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' pp4 #afc1 #agj4 ,footnote #bgh3 ,backh\se1 #8,au/ralia1' p4 #ajc4 ,footnote #bgi3 ,mason1 #8,burmah1' p4 #ajg1 c4 ,cross1 l4c4 p4 #cje4 ,footnote #bhj3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' pp4 #ahc1 c41 #bei1 c4 ,footnote #bha3 ,falkn]1 #8,patagonia1' p4 #aaf4 ,see also ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dah 7,c>ibs74 ,footnote #bhb3 ,georgi1 #8,reise im ,russ4 ,rei*1' vol4 i4 p4 #bhj2 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dhh4 ,footnote #bhc3 ,falkn]1 l4c4 ,footnote #bhd3 ,caldwell1 #8,dravidian ,languages1' ,app42 ,la?am1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dfi4 ,footnote #bhe3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #agb4 ,footnote #bhf3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bgh4 ,footnote #bhg3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 p4 #cbh1 see vol4 iii4 p4 #bja1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #aci4 ,see also ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #ei4 ,footnote #bhh3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 pp4 #ceb1 #cgc2 ,mo]5h\t1 #8,voyage1' vol4 i4 p4 #dgi2 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,isl&s1' vol4 i4 p4 #aje2 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #cgc4 ,footnote #bhi3 ,dos ,santos1 #8,e?iopia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #fhf4 ,footnote #bij3 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #eg4 ,see also ,/e9haus]1 l4c4 pp4 #acb1 #aci2 ,j4 ,b4 ,s*legel1 #8,ewe-,spra*e1' p4 xvi4 ,footnote #bia3 ,details f ,tat> races 9 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #afd1 #agc1 c42 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #ij2 f ,abyss9ia 9 ,p>kyns1 #8,life 9 ,a41' *4 xxxiii4 ,footnote #bib3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #adc1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #aaj1 #cbj4 ,footnote #bic3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 pp4 #ajc1 #aeb1 #cha1 #dah1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bdg1 c4 ,see also ,b[r+1 #8,siam1' vol4 i4 p4 #aci2 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iv4 p4 #ejg1 vol4 vi4 p4 #fad2 ,turp91 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 ix4 p4 #gfa2 ,kempf]1 #8,japan1' ibid4 vol4 vii4 pp4 #gja1 #gcj1 c4 ,footnote #bid3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 i4 p4 #aee1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ahc2 ,rob]ts1 #8,ori5tal ,illu/rations ( ! ,scriptures1' p4 #ebi2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' pp4 #afd1 #ahd-g4 ,sanskrit pai*a-graha demon-seizure1 possession4 ,anci5t evid5ce 9 ,pictet1 #8,orig9es ,indo-,europ4' "p ii4 *4 v4 ,footnote #bie3 ,hom]4 ,odyss4 v4 #cif1 x4 #fd2 ,plat4 ,phdr4 ,tim4 c42 ,pausan4 iv4 #bg1 #b2 ,x54 ,mem4 ,i4 i4 #i2 ,plut>*4 ,vit4 ,alex42 ,de ,orac4 ,def42 ,lucian4 ,philopseudes2 ,petron4 ,arbit]1 ,sat42 c41 c4 ,footnote #bif3 ,joseph4 ,ant4 ,jud4 viii4 #b1 #e4 ,eis5m5g]1 #8,entdecktes ,jud5?um1' "p ii4 p4 #ded4 ,see ,maury1 p4 #bij4 ,footnote #big3 ,mat?4 ix4 #cb1 xi4 #ah1 xii4 #bb1 xvii4 #ae2 ,m>k1 i4 #bc1 ix4 #ag2 ,luke1 iv4 #cc1 #ci1 vii4 #cc1 viii4 #bg1 ix4 #ci1 xiii4 #aa2 ,john1 x4 #bj2 ,acts1 xvi4 #af1 xix4 #ac2 c4 ,footnote #bih3 ,= g5]al evid5ce see ,b+ham1 #8,antiquities ( ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1' book iii4 *4 iv42 ,calmet1 #8,diss]tation sur les ,esprits'2 ,maury1 #8,magie1' c42 ,lecky1 #8,hi/4 ( ,rationalism4' ,among p>ticul> passages are ,t]tull4 ,apolog4 #bc2 ,de ,spectaculis1 #bf2 ,*ryso/om4 ,homil4 xxviii4 9 ,mat?4 iv42 ,cyril4 ,hi]osol4 ,cate*4 xvi4 #af2 ,m9uc4 ,fel4 ,octavius4 xxi42 ,concil4 ,c>?ag4 iv42 c41 c4 ,footnote #bii3 ,details 9 ,cockayne1 #8,lee*doms1 c41 ( ,e>ly ,engl&1' vol4 i4 p4 #cfe1 vol4 ii4 p4 #acg1 #cee2 ,spr5g]1 #8,malleus ,malefic>um1' "p ii42 ,calmet1 #8,diss]tation1' vol4 i4 *4 xxiv42 ,hor/1 #8,zaub]-,biblio!k'2 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #eeg1 c42 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #aae1 c42 ,voltaire1 #8,que/ions sur l',encyclopdie1' art41 #8,sup]/ition'2 #8,encyclopdia ,britannica1' #e? ed4 art4 #8,possession4' ,footnote #cjj3 ,see ,maury1 #8,magie1' c41 "p ii4 *4 ii4 ,footnote #cja3 ,a4 ,con/ans1 #8,rel4 sur une ,epidmie d',hy/ro-,dmonopa?ie1 en #ahfa4' #bnd ed4 ,p>is1 #ahfc4 ,= descriptions ( su* outbreaks1 among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 see ,le ,jeune 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4 dans la ,n\velle ,france1' #afci2 ,br9ton1 p4 #bge2 & 9 ,gu9ea1 see ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,we/]n ,africa1' p4 #bag4 ,footnote #cjb3 ,gaume1 #8,l',eau ,bnite au ,dix-,neuvime ,sicle1' #crd ed4 ,p>is1 #ahff1 p4 #cec4 ,footnote #cjc3 ,we/1 9 #8,spiritual ,telegraph1' cit$ by ,ba/ian4 ,footnote #cjd3 7,c4 de ,brosses47 #8,du culte des dieux fti*es ou ,p>allle de l'anci5ne ,religion de l',egypte avec la religion actuelle de ,nigritie4' #agfj4 7,de ,brosses suppos$ ! ^w fti*e connect$ ) *ose fe1 fatum47 ,footnote #cje3 ,grey1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ccg2 ,eyre1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cfb2 ,oldfield 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bce1 c42 ,g4 ,f4 ,moore1 #8,vocab4 ( ,s4 ,w4 ,au/r4' pp4 #ah1 #ih1 #ajc4 ,see ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' p4 #aie4 ,footnote #cjf3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' pp4 #dai1 #ejh2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #agc1 #bjg1 #bag4 ,footnote #cjg3 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 pp4 #bba1 #bcb1 #dbb4 ,footnote #cjh3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #baa1 see #gb4 ,footnote #cji3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' p4 #cad4 ,footnote #caj3 ,/e9haus]1 l4c4 p4 #ada4 ,see also ,/e]e1 #8,ea/ ,afr4 ,tribes1' 9 #8,j\rn4 ,an?rop4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 p4 cxlviii4 ,footnote #caa3 ,burton1 #8,c5tral ,africa1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ceb4 ,see #8,s9dh1' p4 #agg4 ,footnote #cab3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 iii4 p4 #bge4 ,footnote #cac3 #8,e>ly ,hi/4 ( ,mank9d1' *4 x4 ,see ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aaf1 c4 ,footnote #cad3 ,pl94 xxx4 #ad1 #bj4 ,c>dan1 #8,de ,v>4 ,r]um1' cap4 xliii4 ,footnote #cae3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 i4 p4 #acd1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bdg4 ,footnote #caf3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #abb4 ,footnote #cag3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' pp4 #aaah-bc2 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]glaube1' pp4 #aee-gj2 ,br&1 #8,pop4 ,ant4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cge1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bhf2 ,halliwell1 #8,pop4 ,rhymes1' p4 #bjh2 ,r4 ,hunt1 #8,pop4 ,romances1' #bnd ,s]ies1 p4 #baa2 ,hylt5-,cavallius1 #8,wr5d o* ,wird>ne1' vol4 i4 p4 #agc4 ,x is said1 h[ev]1 t rags fa/5$ on trees by ,gypsies1 :i* pass]s-by avoid ) horror z hav+ diseases ?us bann$ into !m1 are only signs left = ! in=mation ( fell[ vagrants2 ,liebi*1 #8,die ,zigeun]1' p4 #if4 ,footnote #cah3 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,indians1' vol4 i4 p4 #ij4 ,footnote #cai3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,africa1' p4 #cid4 ,footnote #cbj3 ,me9]s1 #8,ges*4 d] ,rel4' vol4 i4 p4 #cje2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bji4 ,footnote #cba3 ,mason1 ,k>5s1 l4c4 p4 #bca4 ,footnote #cbb3 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #gba-c4 ,footnote #cbc3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dah4 ,see ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #dhe 7,yumanas swall[ a%es ( deceas$ ) liquor1 t he may live aga9 9 !m74 ,footnote #cbd3 ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal1' p4 #baj4 ,see ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #gc2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #bji1 #bfb1 #bhi1 #dja1 #dai4 ,footnote #cbe3 ,d>w91 #8,j\rnal1' p4 #deh4 ,footnote #cbf3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cbj4 ,footnote #cbg3 #8,report ( ,jubbulpore ,e?nological ,committee1' ,nagpore1 #ahfh1 "p i4 p4 #e4 ,footnote #cbh3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 pp4 #aea1 #bjg1 #bad1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dja2 see ,pla?1 #8,religion d] alt5 ,*9es51' "p i4 p4 #ei1 "p ii4 p4 #aja4 ,footnote #cbi3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #ahg2 ,das5t1 #8,norse ,tales1' p4 #fi2 ,lane1 #8,?\s& & ,"o ,nights1' vol4 iii4 p4 #caf2 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #ajcc4 ,see also ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #bac4 ,eis5m5g]1 #8,jud5?um1' "p ii4 p4 #ci4 ,footnote #ccj3 ,br&1 #8,pop4 ,ant4' vol4 iii4 p4 #gb4 ,footnote #cca3 ,h]r]a1 #8,hi/4 de las ,indias ,occid5tales1' ,dec4 i4 ix4 #c4 ,footnote #ccb3 ,l]y1 ,brsil1 p4 #bdi2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #baj1 #bfb4 ,footnote #ccc3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes'2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii42 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 i4 p4 #cf2 ,keat+1 #8,n>rative1' vol4 i4 p4 #dba2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #gd1 c4 ,see ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bgd4 ,footnote #ccd3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #afb1 #bba1 #bcj2 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #agj4 ,footnote #cce3 ,bell1 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 vii4 p4 #ceg4 ,footnote #ccf3 ,h4 ,r[ley1 #8,univ]sities' ,mission to ,c5tral ,africa1' p4 #bag4 ,footnote #ccg3 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 ii4 p4 #agd2 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #ef1 c42 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,we/ ,africa1' pp4 #ace1 #baa-f1 #bge1 #cch2 ,burton1 #8,wit & ,wisdom f ,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #agd1 #dee2 ,/e9haus]1 l4c4 p4 #acd2 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #cig2 ,me9]s1 #8,ges*4 d] ,relig4' vol4 i4 p4 #agc4 ,see also ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 p4 #cif2 ,flac\rt1 #8,madag4' p4 #aia4 ,footnote #cch3 ,br&1 #8,popul> ,antiquities1' vol4 iii4 p4 #bee1 c4 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #aga4 ,wuttke1 #8,deuts*e ,volksab]glaube1' pp4 #ge-ie1 #bbe1 c4 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #df4 ,footnote #cci3 ,b]keley1 #8,conc]n+ ,motion1' 9 #8,works1' vol4 ii4 p4 #hf4 ,footnote #cdj3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p ii4 p4 #aif1 "p iii4 p4 #bbi4 ,footnote #cda3 ,h]r]a1 #8,indias ,occid5tales1' dec4 i4 iii4 #c4 ,footnote #cdb3 ,de ,laet1 ,novus ,orbis1 xv4 #b4 ,footnote #cdc3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' i4 #i2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #bfc1 #caa1 #cga1 #chg2 ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #ded2 see bel[1 p4 #age4 ,footnote #cdd3 ,hahn1 #8,gramm4 des ,h]]1' s4v4 #8omu-makis9a4' ,footnote #cde3 ,kaufmann1 #8,c5tral-,afrika1' 7,:ite ,nile71 p4 #aca4 ,footnote #cdf3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #eah1 #ebc4 ,footnote #cdg3 ,zoll+] 9 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 ii4 p4 #fib4 ,footnote #cdh3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #ccg4 ,see also ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 p4 #cii4 ,footnote #cdi3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' pp4 #cdg1 #ebf4 ,footnote #cej3 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bbj2 ,seemann1 #8,viti1' pp4 #ff1 #hi4 ,footnote #cea3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aic1 c41 #bjd1 c42 #8,voyages au ,nord1' vol4 viii4 pp4 #ajc1 #daj2 ,klemm1 #8,c4 ,g4' vol4 iii4 p4 #abj4 ,see also ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' pp4 #bfe1 #bgf4 ,footnote #ceb3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #agd4 ,see also ,macrae 9 #8,z4 ,res4' vol4 vii4 p4 #aif2 ,dalton1 #8,kols1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #cc4 ,footnote #cec3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' pp4 #ajc1 #ceh4 ,footnote #ced3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #agg4 ,see also ,%ortt1 #8,tribes ( ,neilgh]ries1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vii4 p4 #bha4 ,footnote #cee3 ,elliot 9 #8,j\rn4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 #ahfi1 p4 #aae4 ,footnote #cef3 ,bu*anan1 #8,mysore1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 vii4 p4 #gci4 ,footnote #ceg3 ,elliot 9 #8,j\rn4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 pp4 #if1 #aae1 #abe4 ,lubbock1 #8,orig9 ( ,civilization1' p4 #bbb4 ,=bes ,leslie1 #8,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1' vol4 ii4 p4 #dfb1 c4 ,pr(4 ,liebre*t1 9 #8,zts*r4 fr ,e?nologie1' vol4 v4 p4 #ajj1 comp>es ! field-protect+ ,priapos-h]mes ( anci5t ,italy1 daub$ ) m9ium4 ,footnote #ceh3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #adb1 #ahb1 c41 see #bba4 ,see also ,la?am1 #8,descr4 ,e?4' vol4 ii4 p4 #bci4 7,siah-pu%1 /one (f]$ to ! repres5tative ( deity47 ,footnote #cei3 ,grote1 #8,hi/4 ( ,greece1' vol4 iv4 p4 #acb2 ,welck]1 #8,grie*is*e ,gtt]lehre1' vol4 i4 p4 #bbj4 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #aej1 c4 ,details esp4 9 ,pausanias2 ,!ophra/4 ,*>act4 xvi42 ,tacit4 ,hi/4 ii4 #c2 ,arnobius1 ,adv4 ,g5t42 ,t]tullianus2 ,clem5s ,alex&r4 ,footnote #cfj3 ,is4 lvii4 #f4 ,! fir/ l9e1 #8behhalkey-nahhal hhlke*1' turns on ! pun on hhlk smoo? 7/one71 & also lot or portion2 a d\ble s5se probably connect$ ) ! use ( smoo? pebbles = ca/+ lots4 ,footnote #cfa3 ,spr5g]1 #8,mohammad1' vol4 ii4 p4 #g1 c4 ,burton1 #8,el ,m$9ah1' c41 vol4 ii4 p4 #aeg4 ,footnote #cfb3 ,euseb4 ,prp4 ,evang4 i4 #aj4 ,deut4 xii4 #c2 ,micah v4 #ac1 c4 ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 pp4 #aje1 #efi1 & see index1 #8,sule1' c4 ,see ,de ,brosses1 #8,dieux ,fti*es1' p4 #ace 7consid]s btyl be?-el1 c474 ,footnote #cfc3 ,= ref]5ces see ,ducange s4v4 #8petra'2 ,leslie1 #8,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1' vol4 i4 p4 #bef4 ,footnote #cfd3 ,nilsson1 #8,primitive ,inhabitants ( ,sc&9avia1' p4 #bda4 ,see also ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fga 7speak+ /ones 9 ,norway1 c474 ,footnote #cfe3 ,e>l ( ,rod51 #8,progress ( ,re=mation 9 ,irel&1' ,london1 #ahea1 p4 #ea4 ,sir ,j4 ,e4 ,t5n5t 9 #8,notes & ,qu]ies1' ,feb4 #g1 #aheb4 ,see ,borlase1 #8,antiquities ( ,cornwall1' ,ox=d1 #aged1 book iii4 *4 #b4 ,footnote #cff3 #8,e>ly ,hi/4 ( ,mank9d1' *ap4 vi4 ,footnote #cfg3 ,= g5]al collections ( evid5ce1 see especially ,me9]s1 #8,ges*i*te d] ,religion51' vol4 i4 books i4 & v42 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii42 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie2' ,de ,brosses1 #8,dieux ,fti*es1' c4 ,p>ticul> details 9 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #cic2 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 p4 #cie2 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9nis*e ,my?ologie1' p4 #aic1 c42 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii42 ,kpp51 #8,rel4 des ,buddha1' vol4 i4 p4 #dic1 c42 ,grote1 #8,hi/1 ( ,greece4' ,footnote #cfh3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrelig4' p4 #bfc2 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #afc4 ,footnote #cfi3 ,loskiel1 #8,ind4 ( ,n4 ,a4' vol4 i4 p4 #ci2 ,smi?1 #8,virg9ia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #ad2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bjc2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #ie-h1 #abh4 ,footnote #cgj3 ,f]n&o ,colombo1 #8,vita del ,amm4 ,cri/(oro ,colombo1' ,v5ice1 #aega1 p4 #abg1 c42 & #8,life ( ,colon1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xii4 p4 #hd4 ,h]r]a1 dec4 i4 iii4 #c4 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' pp4 #dba-d4 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #chd2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #aga-f1 #ahb1 #baj1 #bcb4 ,footnote #cga3 ,prescott1 #8,p]u1' vol4 i4 pp4 #ga1 #hi2 ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #deh2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #cbb1 #cga4 ,footnote #cgb3 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #dhf2 ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #adh2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #fdb4 ,footnote #cgc3 ,%ortl&1 #8,trads4 ( ,n4 ,z4' c41 p4 #hc2 ,taylor1 pp4 #aga1 #ahc1 #bab4 ,footnote #cgd3 ,j4 ,r4 ,=/]1 #8,obs4 dur+ ,voyage1' ,london1 #aggh1 p4 #ecd1 c42 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #bha1 c41 #cbc1 c4 ,see also ,e>l1 #8,papuans1' p4 #hd2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #gh 7,nias74 ,footnote #cge3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #aih4 ,footnote #cgf3 ,hut*9son 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 p4 #ccf2 see ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #agb4 ,footnote #cgg3 ,/e9haus]1 9 #8,magaz4 d] ,evang4 ,mission51' ,basel1 #ahef1 ,no4 #b1 p4 #aca4 ,footnote #cgh3 ,s*legel1 #8,ewe-,spra*e1' p4 xvi4 ,footnote #cgi3 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ahc2 ,d5ham1 #8,travels1' vol4 i4 p4 #aac2 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea'2 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 ,see also ,liv+/one1 #8,s4 ,afr4' p4 #bhb 7,balonda74 ,footnote #chj3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aic1 c42 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*4' p4 #cd1 #bjh1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 iii4 pp4 #bic1 #dhf4 ,see #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cej 7,*9ese74 ,footnote #cha3 ,max ,mll]1 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 p4 xvii42 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 i4 p4 #aih1 vol4 ii4 pp4 xxxv1 #afd1 #bcd1 #bib1 #dhe4 ,footnote #chb3 ,arnobius1 ,adv]sus ,g5tes1 vi4 #ag-ai4 ,footnote #chc3 ,augu/9us #8,de ,civ4 ,dei1' viii4 #bc3 #8at ille visibilia et contrectabilia simulacra1 velut corpora deorum esse ass]it2 inesse autem 8 quosdam spiritus invitatos1 c4444 ,hos ergo spiritus invisibiles p] artem qu&am visibilibus rebus corporalis mat]i copul>e1 ut s9t quasi animata corpora1 illis spiritibus dicata et subdita simulacra1 c4' ,see also ,t]tullianus ,de ,spectaculis1 xii43 #8,9 mortuorum autem idolis dmonia consi/unt1 c4' ,footnote #chd3 ,m>cus ,m9ucius ,felix1 ,octavius1 cap4 xxvii43 #8,i/i igitur impuri spiritus1 dmones1 ut o/5sum a magis1 a philosophis1 et a ,platone sub /atuis et imag9ibus consecrati delitescunt1 c4' ,footnote #che3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 p4 #dee4 ,see ,spiegel1 #8,ave/a1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ed4 ,footnote #chf3 ,porphyr4 de ,vita ,py?agor4 ,ok51 #8,lehrbu* d] ,naturphilosophie1' #bgec4 ,footnote #chg3 ,suidas1 s4v4 2 ,isidor4 ,gloss4 s4v4 #8prcantatores'2 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #egh4 ,maury1 #8,magie1' c4 p4 #bfi4 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aae4 ,,*apt] ,,xv4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,spirits reg>d$ z p]sonal causes ( ,ph5om5a ( ! ,_w--,p]vad+ ,spirits z good & evil ,demons affect+ man--,spirits manife/ 9 ,dreams & ,visions3 ,nightm>es2 ,incubi & ,succubi2 ,vampires2 ,vision>y ,demons--,demons ( d>kness repell$ by fire--,demons o!rwise manife/3 se5 by animals2 detect$ by footpr9ts--,spirits conceiv$ & treat$ z mat]ial--,gu>dian & ,famili> ,spirits--,nature-,spirits2 hi/orical c\rse ( ! doctr9e--,spirits ( ,volcanoes1 ,:irlpools1 ,rocks--,wat]-,wor%ip3 ,spirits ( ,wells1 ,/reams1 ,lakes1 c4--,tree-,wor%ip3 ,spirits embodi$ 9 or inhabit+ ,trees2 ,spirits ( ,groves & ,=e/s--,animal-,wor%ip3 ,animals wor%ipp$1 directly1 or z inc>nations or repres5tatives ( ,deities2 ,totem-,wor%ip2 ,s]p5t-,wor%ip--,species-,deities2 _! relation to ,ar*etypal ,ideas4 ,we h n[ to ent] on ! f9al topic ( ! inve/igation ( ,animism1 by complet+ ! classifi$ survey ( spiritual be+s 9 g5]al1 f ! myriad s\ls1 elves1 fairies1 g5ii1 conceiv$ z fill+ _! multif>i\s (fices 9 man's life & ! _w's1 up to ! deities :o reign1 few & mighty1 ov] ! spiritual hi]>*y4 ,9 spite ( endless div]sity ( detail1 ! g5]al pr9ciples ( ?is inve/igation seem comp>atively easy ( access to ! enquir]1 if he w use ! two keys :i* ! =ego+ /udies supply3 fir/1 t spiritual be+s are modell$ by man on 8 prim>y conception ( 8 own human s\l1 & second1 t _! purpose is to expla9 nature on ! primitive *ildlike !ory t x is truly & ?r\gh\t #8,animat$ ,nature4' ,if1 z ! poet says1 #8,felix qui potuit r]um cognosc]e causas1' !n rude tribes ( anci5t m5 _h )9 !m ?is s\rce ( happ9ess1 t !y c\ld expla9 to _! own cont5t ! causes ( ?+s4 ,= to !m spiritual be+s1 elves & gnomes1 gho/s & manes1 demons & deities1 7 ! liv+ p]sonal causes ( univ]sal life4 #8,! fir/ m5 f\nd ev]y?+ easy1 ! my/]ies ( nature 7 n s hidd5 f !m z f u1' said ,jacob ,bhme ! my/ic4 ,true1 we may well answ]1 if ^! primitive m5 believ$ 9 t animi/ic philosophy ( nature :i* ev5 n[ survives 9 ! savage m9d4 ,!y c\ld ascribe to k9d or ho/ile spirits all good & evil ( _! own lives1 & all /rik+ op]ations ( nature2 !y liv$ 9 famili> int]c\rse ) ! liv+ & p[]ful s\ls ( _! dead ance/ors1 ) ! spirits ( ! /ream & grove1 pla9 & m\nta91 !y knew well ! liv+ mighty ,sun p\r+ 8 beams ( light & heat ^u !m1 ! liv+ mighty ,sea da%+ h] fi]ce bill[s on ! %ore1 ! great p]sonal ,heav5 & ,e>? protect+ & produc+ all ?+s4 ,= z ! human body 0 held to live & act by virtue ( its own inhabit+ _s-s\l1 s ! op]ations ( ! _w seem$ to be c>ri$ on by ! influ5ce ( o!r spirits4 ,& ?us ,animism1 />t+ z a philosophy ( human life1 ext5d$ & exp&$ itself till x became a philosophy ( nature at l>ge4 ,to ! m9ds ( ! l[] races x seems t all nature is possess$1 p]vad$1 cr[d$1 ) spiritual be+s4 ,9 seek+ by a few types to give an idea ( ?is conception ( p]vad+ ,spirits 9 its savage & b>b>ic /age1 x is n inde$ possible to draw an absolute l9e ( sep>ation betwe5 spirits occupi$ 9 affect+ = good & ill ! life ( ,man1 & spirits specially conc]n$ 9 c>ry+ on ! op]ations ( ,nature4 ,9 fact ^! two classes ( spiritual be+s bl5d into "o ano!r z inextricably z d ! orig9al animi/ic doctr9es !y are bas$ on4 ,z1 h[ev]1 ! spirits consid]$ directly to affect ! life & =tune ( ,man lie close/ to ! c5tre ( ! animi/ic s*eme1 x is well to give !m prec$5ce4 ,! description & function ( ^! be+s ext5d upw>ds f among ! rude/ human tribes4 ,milligan writes ( ! ,tasmanians3 #8,!y 7 poly!i/s2 t is1 !y believ$ 9 gu>dian angels or spirits1 & 9 a plurality ( p[]ful b g5]ally evil-dispos$ be+s1 inhabit+ crevices & cav]ns ( rocky m\nta9s1 & mak+ tempor>y abode 9 holl[ trees & solit>y valleys2 ( ^! a few 7 suppos$ to be ( great p[]1 :ile to ! majority 7 imput$ mu* ( ! nature & attributes ( ! gobl9s & elves ( our native l&4'#chh ,oldfield writes ( ! aborig9es ( ,au/ralia1 #8,! numb] ( sup]natural be+s1 fe>$ if n lov$1 t !y ackn[l$ge1 is exce$+ly great2 = n only are ! heav5s peopl$ ) su*1 b ! :ole face ( ! c\ntry sw>ms ) !m2 e ?icket1 mo/ wat]+-places1 & all rocky places ab\nd ) evil spirits4 ,9 l mann]1 e natural ph5om5on is believ$ to be ! "w ( demons1 none ( :i* seem ( a b5ign nature1 "o & all app>5tly /riv+ to d all imag9able mis*ief to ! poor black fell[4'#chi ,x mu/ be inde$ an unhappy race among :om su* a demonology c\ld %ape itself1 & x is a relief to f9d t o!r p ( l[ culture1 :ile recogniz+ ! same spiritual _w sw>m+ ab\t !m1 d n hold its ma9 attribute to be spite aga9/ !mselves4 ,among ! ,algonqu9 ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 ,s*oolcraft f9ds ! v gr\ndwork ( _! religion 9 ! belief #8t ! :ole visible & invisible creation is animat$ ) v>i\s ord]s ( malignant or b5ign spirits1 :o preside ov] ! daily affairs & ov] ! f9al de/9ies ( m54'#cij ,among ! ,khonds ( ,orissa1 ,macph]son describes ! great] gods & tribal manes1 & bel[ ^! ! ord] ( m9or & local deities3 #8,!y are ! tutel>y gods ( e spot on e>?1 hav+ p[] ov] ! functions ( nature :i* op]ate !re1 & ov] ev]y?+ relat+ to human life 9 x4 ,_! numb] is unlimit$4 ,!y fill all nature1 9 :i* no p[] or object1 f ! sea to ! clods ( ! field1 is )\t its deity4 ,!y are ! gu>dians ( hills1 groves1 /reams1 f\nta9s1 pa?s1 & hamlets1 & are cognizant ( e human action1 want1 & int]e/ 9 ! locality1 :]e !y preside4'#cia ,describ+ ! animi/ic my?ology ( ! ,turanian tribes ( ,asia & ,europe1 ,ca/rn has said t e l&1 m\nta91 rock1 riv]1 brook1 spr+1 tree1 or :atsoev] x may be1 has a _s = an inhabitant2 ! spirits ( ! trees & /ones1 ( ! lakes & brooks1 he> ) pleasure ! wild man's pi\s pray]s & accept 8 (f]+s4#cib ,su* are ! conceptions ( ! ,gu9ea negro1 :o f9ds ! abodes ( 8 good & evil spirits 9 great rocks1 holl[ trees1 m\nta9s1 deep riv]s1 d5se groves1 e*o+ cav]ns1 & :o pass+ sil5tly by ^! sacr$ places leaves "s (f]+1 if x be b a leaf or a %ell pick$ up on ! bea*4#cic ,su* are examples :i* n unfairly picture ! belief ( ! l[] races 9 a _w ( spirits on e>?1 & su* descriptions apply to ! /ate ( m5's m9ds along ! c\rse ( civilization4 ,! doctr9e ( anci5t philosoph]s su* z ,philo#cid & ,iambli*us1#cie ( spiritual be+s sw>m+ ?r\gh ! atmosph]e we brea!1 0 c>ri$ on & develop$ 9 special directions 9 ! discussions conc]n+ ! nature & functions ( ! _w-p]vad+ ho/ ( angels & devils1 9 ! writ+s ( ! e>ly ,*ri/ian ,fa!rs4#cif ,!ologians ( mod]n c5turies h = ! mo/ "p se5 reason to r$uce )9 comp>atively n>r[ limits ! action ascrib$ to ext]nal spiritual be+s on mank9d2 yet !re are "s :o reta9 to ! full ! angelology & demonology ( ,orig5 & ,t]tullian4 ,^! two views may be well contra/$ by sett+ side by side ! judgm5ts ( two ecclesia/ics ( ! ,roman ,*ur*1 z to ! belief 9 p]vad+ demons preval5t 9 unciviliz$ c\ntries4 ,! celebrat$ comm5tator1 ,dom ,calmet1 lays d[n 9 ! mo/ explicit t]ms ! doctr9e ( angels & demons1 z a matt] ( dogmatic !ology4 ,b he is less incl9$ to receive unque/ion$ ! n>ratives ( p>ticul> manife/ations 9 ! m$ival & mod]n _w4 ,he m5tions inde$ ! te/imony ( ,l\is ,vivez1 t 9 ! newly discov]$ c\ntries ( ,am]ica1 no?+ is m common ?an to see spirits :i* appe> at noon-day1 n only 9 ! c\ntry b 9 t[ns & villages1 speak+1 comm&+1 sometimes ev5 /rik+ m52 & ! acc\nt by ,olaus ,magnus ( ! spectres or spirits se5 9 ,sw$5 & ,norway1 ,f9l& & ,lapl&1 :i* d wond]ful ?+s1 "s ev5 s]v+ m5 z dome/ics & driv+ ! cattle out to pa/ure4 ,b :at ,calmet rem>ks on ^! /ories1 is t ! great] ignorance prevails 9 a c\ntry1 ! m sup]/ition reigns !re4#cig ,x seems t 9 our own day1 h[ev]1 ! t5d5cy is to enc\rage less sceptical views4 ,monsignor ,gaume's book on #8,holy ,wat]1' :i* n long s9ce receiv$ ! special & =mal approval ( ,pius ,,ix41 appe>s #8at an epo* :5 ! millions ( evil angels :i* surr\nd u are m ent]pris+ ?an ev]2' & "h ,olaus ,magnus' /ory ( ! demons infe/+ ,nor!rn ,europe is n only cit$ b corroborat$4#cih ,on ! :ole1 ! survey ( ! doctr9e ( p]vad+ spirits ?r\gh all ! grades ( culture is a rem>kable display ( intellectual cont9uity4 ,mo/ ju/ly does ,ellis ! mission>y1 depict+ ! ,s\? ,sea ,isl&]s' _w cr[d$ ) its innum]able p]vad+ spirits1 po9t out ! clos5ess ( correspond5ce "h betwe5 doctr9es ( ! savage & ! civiliz$ animi/1 express$ z bo? may be 9 ,milton's famili> l9es3-- #8,millions ( spiritual creatures walk ! e>?1 ,unse51 bo? :5 we wake1 & :5 we sleep4'#cii ,z ) s\ls1 s ) o!r spirits1 man's mo/ di/9ct & direct int]c\rse is _h :]e !y become actually pres5t to 8 s5ses 9 dreams & visions4 ,! belief t su* phantoms are real & p]sonal spirits1 sugge/$ & ma9ta9$ z x is by ! direct evid5ce ( ! s5ses ( sight1 t\*1 & he>+1 is naturally an op9ion usual 9 savage philosophy1 & inde$ else:]e1 long & ob/9ately resi/+ ! attacks ( ! lat] sci5tific doctr9e4 ,! demon ,ko9 /rives to ?rottle ! dream+ ,au/ralian2#djj ! evil #8na' cr\*es on ! /oma* ( ! ,k>52#dja ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian1 gorg$ ) fea/+1 is visit$ by nocturnal spirits2#djb ! ,c>ibs1 subject to hide\s dreams1 (t5 woke decl>+ t ! demon ,maboya _h beat5 !m 9 _! sleep1 & !y c\ld /ill feel ! pa94#djc ,^! demons are ! v elves & nightm>es t to ?is day 9 b5ight$ di/ricts ( ,europe ride & ?rottle ! snor+ peasant1 & ^: names1 n =gott5 among ! educat$1 h only made ! transition f belief to je/4#djd ,a n less di/9ct product ( ! savage animi/ic !ory ( dreams z real visits f p]sonal spiritual be+s1 la/$ on )\t a %ift or break into ! belief ( m$ival ,*ri/5dom4 ,?is is ! doctr9e ( ! incubi & succubi1 ^? male & female nocturnal demons :i* consort sexually ) m5 & wom54 ,we may set out ) _! descriptions among ! isl&]s ( ! ,antilles1 :]e !y are ! gho/s ( ! dead1 vani%+ :5 clut*$2#dje 9 ,new ,zeal&1 :]e ance/ral deities #8=m atta*m5ts ) females & pay !m repeat$ visits1' :ile 9 ! ,samoan ,isl&s su* int]c\rse ( mis*ievi\s inf]ior gods caus$ #8_m sup]natural conceptions2'#djf & 9 ,lapl&1 :]e details ( ?is la/ extreme class h also be5 plac$ on record4#djg ,f ^! l[] grades ( culture ! idea may be foll[$ onw>d4 ,=mal rites are specifi$ 9 ! ,h9du ,tantra1 :i* enable a man to obta9 a companion-nymph by wor%ipp+ h] & repeat+ h] "n by night 9 a cemet]y4#djh ,augu/9e1 9 an in/ructive passage1 /ates ! popul> notions ( ! visits ( incubi1 v\*$ =1 he tells u1 by te/imony ( su* quantity & quality t x may seem impud5ce to d5y x2 yet he is c>eful n to commit himself to a positive belief 9 su* spirits4#dji ,lat] !ologians 7 less cauti\s1 & grave argum5tation on nocturnal int]c\rse ) incubi & succubi 0 c>ri$ on till1 at ! height ( m$ival civilization1 x is f\nd accept$ 9 full belief by ecclesia/ics & lawy]s4 ,nor is x to be c\nt$ z an ugly b h>mless sup]/ition1 :5 = example x is set =? 9 ! ,bull ( ,pope ,innoc5t ,,viii4 9 #adhd1 z an accept$ accusation aga9/ #8_m p]sons ( bo? sexes1 =getful ( _! own salvation1 & fall+ away f ! ,ca?olic fai?4' ,! practical outcome ( ?is belief is kn[n to /ud5ts :o h trac$ ! consequ5ce ( ! ,papal ,bull 9 ! legal manual ( ! wit*craft tribunals1 drawn up by ! ?ree appo9t$ ,inquisitors1 ! infam\s ,malleus ,malefic>um2 & h foll[$ ! results ( ?is aga9 into ^? dreadful records :i* relate 9 _! bald matt]-(-fact phraseology ! confessions ( ! crime ( diabolic int]c\rse1 wrung f ! wret*$ victims work$ on by ?reat & p]suasion 9 ! int]vals ( ! rack1 till en\gh evid5ce 0 accumulat$ = cle> judgm5t1 & s5t5ce ( ! /ake4#daj ,i ne$ n dwell on ! m+l$ obsc5ity & horror ( ^! details1 :i* "h only h _! be>+ on ! hi/ory ( animism4 ,b x w aid ! e?nograph] to und]/& ! relation ( mod]n to savage philosophy1 if he w read ,ri*>d ,burton's s]i\sly believ+ acc\nt 9 ! #8,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1' :]e he concludes ) acquiesc5ce 9 a decl>ation lately made by ,lipsius1 t on ! %[+ ( daily n>ratives & judicial s5t5ces1 9 no age _h ^! le*]\s demons appe>$ 9 su* numb]s z 9 8 own "t--& ?is 0 ab\t ,a4,d4 #afjj4daa ,9 connexion ) ! nightm>e & ! incubus1 ano!r v>iety ( nocturnal demon requires notice1 ! vampire4 ,inasmu* z c]ta9 pati5ts are se5 becom+ day by day1 )\t app>5t cause1 ?91 weak1 & bloodless1 savage animism is call$ ^u to produce a satisfactory explanation1 & does s 9 ! doctr9e t !re exi/ c]ta9 demons :i* eat out ! s\ls or he>ts or suck ! blood ( _! victims4 ,! ,polynesians said t x 0 ! dep>t$ s\ls 7tii7 :i* quitt$ ! graves & grave-idols to creep by night into ! h\ses1 & dev\r ! he>t & entrails ( ! sleep]s1 & ^! di$4#dab ,! ,k>5s tell ( ! #8kephu1' :i* is a wiz>d's /oma* go+ =? 9 ! %ape ( a head & entrails1 to dev\r ! s\ls ( m51 & !y die4#dac ,! ,m9tira ( ! ,malay ,p59sula h _! #8hantu p5yad92' he is a wat]-demon1 ) a dog's head & an alligator's m\?1 :o sucks blood f m5's ?umbs & great toes1 & !y die4#dad ,x is 9 ,slavonia & ,hung>y t ! demon blood-suck]s h _! pr9cipal abode1 & to ?is di/rict belongs _! special "n ( vampire1 ,poli% upior1 ,russian upir4 ,!re is a :ole lit]ature ( hide\s vampire-/ories1 :i* ! /ud5t w f9d elaborately discuss$ 9 ,calmet4 ,! %orte/ way ( treat+ ! belief is to ref] x directly to ! pr9ciples ( savage animism4 ,we %all see t mo/ ( its details fall into _! places at once1 & t vampires are n m]e creations ( gr\ndless fancy1 b causes conceiv$ 9 spiritual =m to acc\nt = specific facts ( wa/+ disease4 ,z to _! nature & physical action1 !re are two pr9cipal !ories1 b bo? keep close to ! orig9al animi/ic idea ( spiritual be+s1 & consid] ^! demons to be human s\ls4 ,! fir/ !ory is t ! s\l ( a liv+ man1 (t5 a sorc]]1 leaves its prop] body asleep & goes =?1 p]haps 9 ! visible =m ( a /raw or fluff ( d[n1 slips ?r\gh keyholes & attacks its sleep+ victim4 ,if ! sleep] %\ld wake 9 "t to clut* ?is t9y s\l-embodim5t1 he may ?r\gh x h 8 rev5ge by maltreat+ or de/roy+ its bodily own]4 ,"s say ^! #8mury' come by night to m51 sit ^u _! brea/s & suck _! blood1 :ile o!rs ?9k x is only *ildr5's blood !y suck1 !y be+ to gr[n p m]e nightm>es4 ,"h we h ! actual ph5om5on ( nightm>e1 adapt$ to a p>ticul> purpose4 ,! second !ory is t ! s\l ( a dead man goes out f its buri$ corpse & sucks ! blood ( liv+ m54 ,! victim becomes ?91 languid1 & bloodless1 falls into a rapid decl9e & dies4 ,"h aga9 is actual exp]i5ce1 b a new fancy is develop$ to complete ! idea4 ,! corpse ?us suppli$ by its return+ s\l ) blood1 is imag9$ to rema9 unnaturally fre% & supple & ruddy2 & accord+ly ! means ( detect+ a vampire is to op5 8 grave1 :]e ! reanimat$ corpse may be f\nd to ble$ :5 cut1 & ev5 to move & %riek4 ,"o way to lay a vampire is to /ake d[n ! corpse 7z ) suicides & ) ! same int5tion72 b ! m effectual plan is to behead & burn x4 ,?is is ! sub/ance ( ! doctr9e ( vampires4 ,/ill1 z "o ord] ( demons is apt to bl5d into o!rs1 ! vampire-leg5ds are mu* mix$ ) o!r animi/ic folklore4 ,vampires appe> 9 ! "* ( ! polt]gei/ or knock]1 z caus+ ^? di/urbances 9 h\ses :i* mod]n spiritualism ref]s 9 l mann] to s\ls ( ! dep>t$4 ,su* 0 ! gho/ ( a c]ta9 surly peasant :o came out ( 8 grave 9 ! isl& ( ,mycone 9 #agjj1 aft] he _h be5 buri$ b two days2 he came into ! h\ses1 upset ! furniture1 put ! lamps out1 & c>ri$ on 8 tricks till ! :ole population w5t wild ) t]ror4 ,t\rne=t happ5$ to be !re & 0 pres5t at ! exhumation2 8 acc\nt is curi\s evid5ce ( ! way an excit$ mob c\ld p]suade !mselves1 )\t ! lea/ f\ndation ( fact1 t ! body 0 w>m & its blood r$4 ,aga91 ! blood-suck] is v g5]ally describ$ "u ! ,slavonic names ( w]ewolf 7wilkodlak1 brukolaka1 c472 ! descriptions ( ! two creatures are inextricably mix$ up1 & a man ^: eyebr[s meet1 z if 8 s\l 7 tak+ flight l a butt]fly1 to ent] "s o!r body1 may be m>k$ by ?is sign ei!r z a w]ewolf or a vampire4 ,a mod]n acc\nt ( vampirism 9 ,bulg>ia well illu/rates ! nature ( spirits z conceiv$ 9 su* beliefs z ^!4 ,a sorc]] arm$ ) a sa9t's picture w hunt a vampire into a bottle conta9+ "s ( ! fil?y food t ! demon loves2 z soon z he is fairly inside he is cork$ d[n1 ! bottle is ?r[n into ! fire1 & ! vampire disappe>s = ev]4#dae ,z to ! savage vision>y & ! phantoms he beholds1 ! ,gre5l&] prep>+ = ! pr(ession ( sorc]] may /& z type1 :51 rapt 9 contemplation 9 8 des]t solitude1 emaciat$ by fa/+ & disord]$ by fits1 he sees be=e him sc5es ) figures ( m5 & animals1 :i* he believes to be spirits4 ,?us x is int]e/+ to read ! descriptions by ,zulu conv]ts ( ! dreadful creatures :i* !y see 9 mom5ts ( int5se religi\s exaltation1 ! snake ) great eyes & v fe>ful1 ! leop>d creep+ /eal?ily1 ! enemy approa*+ ) 8 long assagai 9 8 h&--^! com+ "o aft] ano!r to ! place :]e ! man has gone to pray 9 secret1 & /riv+ to fright5 him f 8 knees4#daf ,?us ! vision>y temptations ( ! ,h9du ascetic & ! m$ival sa9t are happ5+ 9 our own day1 ?\gh _! place is n[ r 9 ! m$ical h&book ?an 9 ! record ( miracle4 ,l ! disease-demons & ! oracle-demons1 ^! spiritual gr\ps h _! orig9 n 9 fancy1 b 9 real ph5om5a int]pret$ on animi/ic pr9ciples4 ,9 ! d>k especially1 h>mful spirits sw>m4 ,r\nd native ,au/ralian encampm5ts1 ,sir ,george ,grey us$ to see ! bu% dott$ ) little mov+ po9ts ( fire2 ^! 7 ! fire/icks c>ri$ by ! old wom5 s5t to look aft] ! "y ones1 b :o d>$ n quit ! firelight )\t a br& to protect !m f ! evil spirits4#dag ,s ,s\? ,am]ican ,indians w\ld c>ry br&s or tor*es = fe> ( evil demons :5 !y v5tur$ into ! d>k4#dah ,tribes ( ! ,malay ,p59sula light fires ne> a "m at *ildbir?1 to sc>e away ! evil spirits4#dai ,su* notions ext5d to high] levels ( civilization4 ,9 ,s\!rn ,india1 :]e = fe> ( p]vad+ spirits only press+ ne$ w induce a man to g abroad aft] sund[n1 ! unlucky wight :o has to v5ture into ! d>k w c>ry a fire-br& to keep (f ! spectral foes4 ,ev5 9 broad daylight1 ! ,h9du lights lamps to keep (f ! demons1#dbj a c]emony :i* is to be notic$ aga9 at a ,*9ese w$d+4#dba ,9 ,europe1 ! details ( ! use ( fire to drive (f demons & wit*es are m9ute & explicit4 ,! anci5t ,norse coloni/s 9 ,icel& c>ri$ fire r\nd ! l&s !y int5d$ to occupy1 to expel ! evil spirits4 ,su* ideas h br\ght into exi/5ce a :ole gr\p ( ,sc&9avian cu/oms1 /ill rememb]$ 9 ! c\ntry1 b dy+ out 9 practice4 ,till a *ild is baptiz$1 ! fire mu/ nev] be let out1 le/ ! trolls %\ld be able to /eal ! infant2 a live coal mu/ be ca/ aft] ! "m z %e goes to be *ur*$1 to prev5t ! trolls f c>ry+ h] (f bodily or bewit*+ h]2 a live coal is to be ?r[n aft] a troll-wife or wit* z %e quits a h\se1 & s =?4#dbb ,into mod]n times1 ! p ( ! ,hebrides cont9u$ to protect ! "m & *ild f evil spirits1 by c>ry+ fire r\nd !m4#dbc ,9 mod]n ,bulg>ia1 on ! ,fea/ ( ,/4 ,demetrius1 light$ c&les are plac$ 9 ! /ables & ! wood-%$1 to prev5t evil spirits f ent]+ into ! dome/ic animals4#dbd ,nor did ?is anci5t idea rema9 a m]e l+]+ notion ( peasant folklore4 ,its adoption by ! ,*ur* is obvi\s 9 ! c]emonial b5$iction ( c&les 9 ! ,roman ,ritual3 #8,ut quibuscumque locis acc5s1 sive posit fu]9t1 disc$ant pr9cipes t5ebr>um1 et contremiscant1 et fugiant pavidi cum omnibus m9i/ris suis ab habitationibus illis1 c4' ,! metrical translation ( ,naogeorgus %[s p]fectly ! ret5tion ( primitive animi/ic ideas 9 ! middle ages3-- #8444 a wondr\s =ce & might ,do? 9 ^! c&els lie1 :i* if at any "t !y light1 ,!y sure beleve t ney!r /orm or tempe/ d>e abide1 ,nor ?und] 9 ! skies be he>d1 nor any devil's spide1 ,nor fe>efull sprightes t walke by night1 nor hurts ( fro/ or haile4'#dbe ,animals />e & />tle :5 we see no cause2 is x t !y see spirits invisible to man8 ,?us ! ,gre5l&] says t ! seals & wildf[l are sc>$ by spectres1 :i* no human eye b ! sorc]]'s c behold2#dbf & ?us ! ,khonds hold t _! flitt+ e!real gods1 invisible to man1 are se5 by bea/s4#dbg ,! ?\ght holds no small place 9 ! folklore ( ! _w4 ,telema*os c\ld n disc]n ,a!ne /&+ ne> him1 = n to all d ! gods visibly appe>2 b ,odysseus saw h]1 & ! dogs1 & !y did n b>k1 b ) l[ :9e slunk across ! dwell+ to ! fur!r side4#dbh ,s 9 old ,sc&9avia1 ! dogs c\ld see ,hela ! dea?-goddess move unse5 by m52#dbi s ,jew & ,moslem1 he>+ ! dogs h[l1 "k t !y h se5 ! ,angel ( ,dea? come on 8 awful err&2#dcj :ile ! beliefs t animals see spirits1 & t a dog's melan*oly h[l means dea? some:]e ne>1 are /ill famili> to our own popul> sup]/ition4 ,ano!r means by :i* m5 may detect ! pres5ce ( invisible spirits1 is to adopt ! ?ief-cat*]'s well-kn[n device ( /rew+ a%es4 ,accord+ to ! ideas ( a c]ta9 /age ( animism1 a _s is consid]$ sub/antial en\gh to leave a footpr9t4 ,! foll[+ in/ances relate sometimes to s\ls1 sometimes to o!r be+s4 ,! ,philipp9e isl&]s expect$ ! dead to return on ! ?ird day to 8 dwell+1 :]e=e !y set a vessel ( wat] = him to wa% himself clean f ! grave-m\ld1 & /rew$ a%es to see footpr9ts4#dca ,a m elaborate rite =ms "p ( ! fun]al cu/oms ( ! ,hos ( ,nor?-,ea/ ,india4 ,on ! ev5+ ( a dea?1 ! ne> relatives p]=m ! c]emony ( call+ ! dead4 ,boil$ rice & a pot ( wat] are plac$ 9 an inn] room1 & a%es spr9kl$ f !nce to ! ?re%old4 ,two relatives g to ! place :]e ! body 0 burnt1 & walk r\nd x beat+ pl\gh%>es & *ant+ a pla9tive dirge to call ! _s home2 :ile two o!rs wat* ! rice & wat] to see if !y are di/urb$1 & look = ! _s-foot/eps 9 ! a%es4 ,if a sign appe>s1 x is receiv$ ) %iv]+ horror & weep+1 ! m\rn]s outside com+ 9 to jo94 ,till ! survivors are ?us satisfi$ ( ! _s's return1 ! rite mu/ be repeat$4#dcb ,9 ,yucatan !re is m5tion ( ! cu/om ( leav+ a *ild alone at night 9 a place /rewn ) a%es2 if ! footpr9t ( an animal 7 f\nd next morn+1 ?is animal 0 ! gu>dian deity ( ! *ild4#dcc ,beside ?is may be plac$ ! ,aztec c]emony at ! second fe/ival ( ! ,sun-god ,tezcatlipoca1 :5 !y spr9kl$ maize-fl\r be=e 8 sanctu>y1 & 8 high-prie/ wat*$ till he beheld ! div9e footpr9ts1 & !n %\t$ to ann\nce1 #8,our great god is come4'#dcd ,among su* rites 9 ! ,old ,_w1 ! ,talmud conta9s a sali5t in/ance2 !re are a great multitude ( devils1 x is said2 & he :o w be aw>e ( !m let him take sift$ a%es & /rew !m by 8 b$1 & 9 ! e>ly morn+ he %all see z x 7 m>ks ( cocks' feet4#dce ,?is is an idea t has widely spread 9 ! mod]n _w1 z :]e 9 ,g]man folklore ! little #8e>?-m5' make footpr9ts l a duck's or goose's 9 ! /rewn a%es4 ,o!r m>ks1 too1 betok5 ! passage ( _s-visitors2#dcf & z = gho/s1 our own sup]/ition is among ! mo/ /rik+ ( ! s]ies4 ,on ,/4 ,m>k's ,eve1 a%es are to be sift$ ov] ! he>?1 & ! footpr9ts w be se5 ( any "o :o is to die )9 ! ye>2 _m a mis*iev\s wight has made a sup]/iti\s family mis]able by slily com+ d[n /airs & m>k+ ! pr9t ( "s "o's %oe4#dcg ,su* details z ^! may ju/ify u 9 ?9k+ t ! l[] races are apt to ascribe to spirits 9 g5]al t k9d ( e!real mat]iality :i* we h se5 !y attribute to s\ls4 ,explicit /atem5ts on ! subject are sc>ce till we rea* ! level ( e>ly ,*ri/ian !ology4 ,! ideas ( ,t]tullian & ,orig51 z to ! ?9 yet n immat]ial sub/ance ( angels & demons1 probably repres5t ! conceptions ( primitive animism f> m cle>ly ?an ! doctr9e :i* ,calmet lays d[n ) ! weight ( !ological dogma1 t angels1 demons1 & disembodi$ s\ls are pure immat]ial _s2 b t :5 by div9e p]mission spirits appe>1 act1 speak1 walk1 eat1 !y mu/ produce tangible bodies by ei!r cond5s+ ! air1 or sub/itut+ o!r t]re/rial solid bodies capable ( p]=m+ ^! functions4#dch ,no wond] t m5 %\ld attack su* mat]ial be+s by mat]ial means1 & ev5 sometimes try to rid !mselves by a g5]al cle>ance f ! legion ( e!real be+s hov]+ ar\nd !m4 ,z ! ,au/ralians annually drive f _! mid/ ! accumulat$ gho/s ( ! la/ ye>'s dead1 s ! ,gold ,coa/ negroes f "t to "t turn out ) clubs & tor*es to drive ! evil spirits f _! t[ns2 ru%+ ab\t & beat+ ! air ) frantic h[l+1 !y drive ! demons into ! woods1 & !n come home & sleep m easily1 & = a :ile aft]w>ds enjoy bett] heal?4#dci ,:5 a baby 0 born 9 a ,kalmuk horde1 ! neighb\rs w\ld ru% ab\t cry+ & br&i%+ cudgels ab\t ! t5ts1 to drive (f ! h>mful spirits :o might hurt "m & *ild4#ddj ,keep+ up a closely alli$ idea 9 mod]n ,europe1 ! ,bohemians at ,p5teco/1 & ! ,tyrolese on ,walpurgisna*t1 hunt ! wit*es1 invisible & imag9>y1 out ( h\se & /all4#dda ,closely alli$ to ! doctr9e ( s\ls1 & almo/ rivall+ x 9 ! p]man5ce ) :i* x has held its place ?r\gh all ! grades ( animism1 is ! doctr9e ( patron1 gu>dian1 or famili> spirits4 ,^! are be+s specially atta*$ to individual m51 s\l-l 9 _! nature1 & sometimes consid]$ z actually be+ human s\ls4 ,^! be+s h1 l all o!rs ( ! spiritual _w z orig9ally conceiv$1 _! reason & purpose4 ,! special functions :i* !y p]=m are tw(old4 ,fir/1 :ile man's own prop] s\l s]ves him = ! ord9>y purposes ( life & ?\ght1 !re are times :5 p[]s & impressions out ( ! c\rse ( ! m9d's normal action1 & words t seem spok5 to him by a voice f )\t1 messages ( my/]i\s k1 ( c\nsel or w>n+1 seem to indicate ! int]v5tion ( z x 7 a second sup]ior s\l1 a famili> demon4 ,& z en?usia/s1 se]s1 sorc]]s1 are ! m5 ^: m9ds mo/ (t5 %[ su* conditions1 s to ^! classes m ?an to o!rs ! in=m+ & controll+ patron-spirits are atta*$4 ,second1 :ile ! common expect$ ev5ts ( daily life pass unnotic$ z 9 ! regul> c\rse ( ?+s1 su* ev5ts z seem to fall out ) especial ref]5ce to an individual1 dem& an int]v5+ ag5t2 & ?us ! decisions1 discov]ies1 & deliv]ances1 :i* civiliz$ m5 v>i\sly ascribe to _! own judgm5t1 to luck1 & to special int]position ( ,provid5ce1 are acc\nt$ = 9 ! l[] culture by ! action ( ! patron-_s or gu>dian-g5ius4 ,n to cr[d examples f all ! di/ricts ( animism to :i* ?is doctr9e belongs1 let u foll[ x by a few illu/rations f ! l[] grades ( savag]y upw>d4 ,among ! ,wat*&is ( ,au/ralia1 x is held t :5 a w>rior slays 8 fir/ man1 ! _s ( ! dead ent]s ! slay]'s body & becomes 8 #8woorie' or w>n+ _s2 tak+ up its abode ne> 8 liv]1 x in=ms him by a scrat*+ or tickl+ s5sation ( ! approa* ( dang]4#ddb ,9 ,tasmania1 ,dr4 ,milligan he>d a native ascribe 8 deliv]ance f an accid5t to ! pres]v+ c>e ( 8 deceas$ fa!r's _s1 8 gu>dian angel4#ddc ,t ! mo/ important act ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian's religion is to obta9 8 individual patron g5ius or deity1 is well kn[n4 ,among ! ,esquimaux1 ! sorc]] qualifies = 8 pr(ession by gett+ a #8torngak' or _s :i* w h5ce=? be 8 famili> demon1 & ?is _s may be ! s\l ( a deceas$ p>5t4#ddd ,9 ,*ili1 z to gu>dian spirits1 x has be5 rem>k$ t e ,araucanian imag9es he has "o 9 8 s]vice2 #8,i keep my am*i-malgh5 7gu>dian nymph7 /ill1' be+ a common expression :5 !y succe$ 9 any und]tak+4#dde ,! ,c>ibs display ! doctr9e well 9 bo? its g5]al & special =ms4 ,on ! "o h&1 !re is a gu>dian deity = ea* man1 :i* accompanies 8 s\l to ! next life2 on ! o!r h&1 ea* sorc]] has 8 famili> demon1 :i* he evokes 9 my/]i\s d>kness by *ants & tobacco-smoke2 & :5 sev]al sorc]]s call up _! famili>s toge!r1 ! consequ5ce is apt to be a qu>rel among ! demons1 & a fight4#ddf ,9 ,africa1 ! negro has 8 gu>dian _s--h[ f> id5tifi$ ) :at ,europeans call s\l or consci5ce1 x may be h>d to det]m9e2 b he c]ta9ly looks ^u x z a be+ sep>ate f himself1 = he summons x by sorc]y1 builds a little feti%-hut = x by ! wayside1 rew>ds & propitiates x by libations ( liquor & bits ( food4#ddg ,9 ,asia1 ! ,mongols1 ea* ) 8 patron g5ius1#ddh & ! ,laos sorc]]s :o c s5d _! famili> spirits into o!rs' bodies to cause disease1#ddi are examples equally to ! purpose4 ,among ! ,aryan nations ( ,nor!rn ,europe1#dej ! old doctr9e ( man's gu>dian _s may be trac$1 & 9 classic ,greece & ,rome x r5ews ) philosophic eloqu5ce & cultur$ cu/om ! ideas ( ! ,au/ralian & ! ,african4 ,! ?\ght ( ! spiritual guide & protector ( ! individual man is happily def9$ by ,m5&]1 :o calls ! att5dant g5ius1 :i* ea* man has f ! h\r ( bir?1 ! good my/agogue 7i4e4 ! novice's guide to ! my/]ies7 ( ?is life4 4 2 ' 4 4 ,! div9e w>n+ voice :i* ,sokrates us$ to he>1 is a sali5t example ( ! m5tal impressions lead+ to ! belief 9 gu>dian spirits4#dea ,9 ! ,roman _w1 ! doctr9e came to be accept$ z a philosophy ( human life4 ,ea* man _h 8 #8g5ius natalis1' associat$ ) him f bir? to dea?1 influ5c+ 8 action & 8 fate1 /&+ repres5t$ by its prop] image z a l> among ! h\sehold gods2 & at w$d+s & joy\s times1 & especially on ! anniv]s>y ( ! bir?day :5 g5ius & man began _! unit$ c>e]1 wor%ip 0 paid ) song & dance to ! div9e image1 adorn$ ) g>l&s1 & propitiat$ ) inc5se & libations ( w9e4 ,! demon or g5ius 01 z x 71 ! man's companion s\l1 a second spiritual ego4 ,! ,egyptian a/rolog] w>n$ ,antonius to keep f> f ! "y ,octavius1 #8= ?y demon1' said he1 #8is 9 fe> ( 82' & truly 9 aft] ye>s t g5ius ( ,augu/us _h become an imp]ial deity1 by :om ,romans swore solemn oa?s1 n to be brok54#deb ,! doctr9e :i* c\ld ?us p]sonify ! "* & fate ( ! individual man1 prov$ capable ( a yet fur!r developm5t4 ,conv]t+ into animi/ic entities ! inmo/ op]ations ( ! human m9d1 a duali/ic philosophy conceiv$ z atta*$ to e mortal a good & an evil g5ius1 ^: ef=ts ?r\gh life drew him backw>d & =w>d t[>d virtue & vice1 happ9ess & mis]y4 ,x 0 ! kakodaimn ( ,brutus :i* appe>$ to him by night 9 8 t5t3 #8,i am ?y evil g5ius1' x said1 #8we meet aga9 at ,philippi4'#dec ,z we /udy ! %apes :i* ! att5dant spirits ( ! individual man assum$ 9 e>ly & m$ival ,*ri/5dom1 x is pla9 t ! good & evil angels cont5d+ = man f bir? to dea?1 ! gu>dian angel wat*+ & protect+ him1 ! famili> _s giv+ occult k or s]v+ ) magic art1 cont9ue 9 pr9ciple1 & ev5 9 detail1 ! philosophy ( e>li] culture4 ,su* be+s ev5 take visible =m4 ,/4 ,francisca _h a famili> angel1 n m]ely t dome/ic "o t is giv5 z a gu>dian to e man1 b ?is 0 z x 7 a boy ( n9e ye>s old1 ) a face m spl5did ?an ! sun1 clad 9 a little :ite tunic2 x 0 9 aft] ye>s t !re came to h] a second angel1 ) a column ( spl5d\r ris+ to ! sky1 & ?ree gold5 palm-bran*es 9 8 h&s4 ,or su* att5dant be+s1 ?\gh invisible1 make _! pres5ce evid5t by _! actions1 z 9 ,calmet's acc\nt ( t ,ci/]cian monk ^: famili> g5ius wait$ on him1 & us$ to get 8 *amb] ready :5 he 0 com+ back f ! c\ntry1 s t p knew :5 to expect him home4#ded ,!re is a pleasant qua9tness 9 ,lu!r's rem>k conc]n+ gu>dian angels1 t a pr9ce mu/ h a great]1 /rong]1 wis] angel ?an a c\nt1 & a c\nt ?an a common man4#dee ,bi%op ,bull1 9 "o ( 8 vigor\s s]mons1 ?us sums up a le>n$ argum5t3 #8,i _c b judge x highly probable1 t e fai?ful p]son at lea/ ha? 8 p>ticul> good ,g5ius or ,angel1 appo9t$ by ,god ov] him1 z ! ,gu>dian & ,guide ( 8 ,life4' ,b he w n insi/ on ! belief1 provid$ t ! g5]al m9i/ry ( angels be accept$4#def ,sw$5borg w g beyond ?is4 #8,e man1' he says1 #8is att5d$ by an associate _s2 = )\t su* an associate1 a man w\ld be incapable ( ?9k+ analytically1 rationally1 & spiritually4'#deg ,yet 9 ! mod]n educat$ _w at l>ge1 ?is gr\p ( beliefs has pass$ into ! /age ( survival4 ,! conception ( ! good & evil g5ius cont5d+ = man ?r\gh life1 inde$1 p]haps nev] _h mu* beyond ! ideali/ic mean+ :i* art & poetry /ill give x4 ,! travell] 9 ,france may he> 9 our own day ! peasant's salutation1 #8,bonj\r v\s et votre compagnie6' 7i4e4 y\r gu>dian angel74#deh ,b at ! bir?day fe/ivals ( ,engli% *ildr51 h[ few are ev5 aw>e ( ! hi/orical sequ5ce1 pla9 z x is1 f ! rites ( ! classic natal g5ius & ! m$ival natal sa9t6 ,among u1 ! doctr9e ( gu>dian angels is to be f\nd 9 comm5t>ies1 & may be sometimes m5tion$ 9 ! pulpit2 b ! once di/ant conception ( a pres5t gu>dian _s1 act+ on ea* individual man & int]f]+ ) circum/ances on 8 behalf1 has all b lo/ its old reality4 ,! famili> demon :i* gave occult k & did wick$ "w = ! magician1 & suck$ blood f mis]able hags by wit*-teats1 0 two c5turies ago z real to ! popul> m9d z ! alembic or ! black cat ) :i* x 0 associat$4 ,n[1 x has be5 ca/ d[n to ! limbo ( unhall[$ sup]/itions4 ,to turn f ,man to ,nature4 ,g5]al m5tion has be5 made already ( ! local spirits :i* belong to m\nta9 & rock & valley1 to well & /ream & lake1 9 brief to ^? natural objects & places :i* 9 e>ly ages ar\s$ ! savage m9d to my?ological ideas1 su* z mod]n poets 9 _! alt]$ intellectual atmosph]e /rive to reproduce4 ,9 discuss+ ^! imag9>y be+s1 x is above all ?+s ne$ful to br+ our m9ds into sympa?y ) ! l[] philosophy4 ,"h we mu/ seek to realize to ! utmo/ ! def9ition ( ! ,nature-,spirits1 to und]/& ) :at di/9ct & full conviction savage philosophy believes 9 _! reality1 to disc]n h[1 z liv+ causes1 !y c fill _! places & d _! daily "w 9 ! natural philosophy ( primval man4 ,see+ h[ ! ,iroquois at _! fe/ivals c\ld ?ank ! invisible aids or good spirits1 & ) !m ! trees1 %rubs1 & plants1 ! spr+s & /reams1 ! fire & w9d1 ! sun1 moon1 & />s--9 a ^w1 e object t m9i/]$ to _! wants--we may judge :at real p]sonality !y atta*$ to ! myriad spirits :i* gave animat$ life to ! _w ar\nd !m4#dei ,! ,gold ,coa/ negro's g5]ic "n = a feti%-_s is #8wong2' ^! a]ial be+s dwell 9 temple-huts & consume sacrifices1 ent] into & inspire _! prie/s1 cause heal? & sickness among m51 & execute ! behe/s ( ! mighty ,heav5-god4 ,b "p or all ( !m are connect$ ) mat]ial objects1 & ! negro c say1 #8,9 ?is riv]1 or tree1 or amulet1 !re is a wong4' ,b he m usually says1 #8,?is riv]1 or tree1 or amulet is a wong4' ,?us among ! wongs ( ! l& are riv]s1 lakes1 & spr+s1 di/ricts ( l&1 t]mite-hills1 trees1 crocodiles1 apes1 snakes1 elephants1 birds4#dfj ,9 a ^w1 8 conceptions ( animat+ s\ls & presid+ spirits z effici5t causes ( all nature are two gr\ps ( ideas :i* we may well f9d x h>d to di/+ui%1 = ! suffici5t reason t !y are b v>y+ developm5ts ( ! same fundam5tal animism4 ,9 ! doctr9e ( nature-spirits among nations :i* h rea*$ a high] grade ( culture1 are f\nd at once traces ( su* primitive ?\ght1 & ( its *ange "u new intellectual conditions4 ,kn[+ ! ?\ghts ( rude ,turanian tribes ( ,sib]ia z to p]vad+ spirits ( nature1 we are prep>$ to look = remodell$ ideas ( ! same class among a nation ^: religion %[s pla9 traces ( evolution f ! l[ ,turanian /age4 ,! ar*aic sy/em ( manes-wor%ip & nature-wor%ip1 :i* survives z ! /ate religion ( ,*9a1 fully recognizes ! wor%ip ( ! numb]less spirits :i* p]vade ! univ]se4 ,! belief 9 _! p]sonality is v\*$ = by ! sacrifices (f]$ to !m4 #8,"o mu/ sacrifice to ! spirits1' says ,confucius1 #8z ?\gh !y 7 pres5t at ! sacrifice4' ,at ! same "t1 spirits 7 conceiv$ z embodi$ 9 mat]ial objects4 ,confucius says1 aga93 #8,! action ( ! spirits1 h[ p]fect is x6 ,?\ p]ceive/ x1 & yet see/ x n6 ,incorporat$ or immemb]$ 9 ?+s1 !y _c quit !m4 ,!y cause m51 clean & pure & bett] clo!d1 to br+ !m sacrifice4 ,_m1 _m1 are !re ( !m1 z ! broad sea1 z ?\gh !y 7 above & "r & left4' ,"h are traces ( su* a primitive doctr9e ( p]sonal & embodi$ nature-spirits z is /ill at home 9 ! religion ( rude ,sib]ian hordes4 ,b x 0 natural t ,*9ese philosoph]s %\ld f9d means ( ref9+ into m]e ideality ^! rud] animi/ic creations4 ,_s 7%971 !y tell u1 is ! f9e or t5d] "p 9 all ! t5 ?\s& ?+s2 all t is extraord9>y or sup]natural is call$ _s2 ! unse>*able ( ! male & female pr9ciples is call$ _s2 he :o kn[s ! way ( pass+ away & com+ to be1 he kn[s ! work+ ( _s4#dfa ,! classic ,greeks _h inh]it$ f _! b>b>ic ance/ors a doctr9e ( ! univ]se ess5tially simil> to t ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian1 ! ,we/ ,african1 & ! ,sib]ian4 ,we "k1 m intimately ?an ! hea!n religion ( our own l&1 ! anci5t ,greek s*eme ( nature-spirits impell+ & direct+ by _! p]sonal p[] & w ! functions ( ! univ]se1 ! anci5t ,greek religion ( nature1 develop$ by imag9ation1 adorn$ by poetry1 & consecrat$ by fai?4 ,hi/ory records = our in/ruction1 h[ out ( ! mid/ ( ?is spl5did & hon\r$ cre$ !re 7 evolv$ ! g]ms ( ! new philosophy4 ,l$ by m9ut] insight & /rict] reason1 ?\ghtful ,greeks began ! piecemeal sup]session ( ! ar*aic s*eme1 & set 9 movem5t ! trans=mation ( animi/ic into physical sci5ce1 :i* !nce p]vad$ ! :ole cultur$ _w4 ,su*1 9 brief1 is ! hi/ory ( ! doctr9e ( nature-spirits f fir/ to la/4 ,let u endeav\r1 by classify+ "s ( its pr9cipal special gr\ps1 to und]/& its place 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human intellect4 ,:at causes volcanos8 ,! ,au/ralians acc\nt = volcanic rocks by ! tradition t ! sulky und]gr\nd #8+na' or demons made great fires & ?rew up r$-hot /ones4#dfb ,! ,kam*adals say t j z !y !mselves w>m up _! w9t]-h\ses1 s ! #8kamuli' or m\nta9-spirits heat up ! m\nta9s 9 :i* !y dwell1 & fl+ ! br&s out ( ! *imney4#dfc ,! ,nic>aguans (f]$ human sacrifices to ,masaya or ,popogatepec 7,smok+-,m\nta971 by ?r[+ ! bodies into ! crat]4 ,x seems z ?\gh x 7 a controll+ deity1 n ! m\nta9 itself1 t !y wor%ipp$2 = "o reads ( ! *iefs go+ to ! crat]1 :5ce a hide\s old nak$ woman came out & gave !m c\nsel & oracle2 at ! edge 7 plac$ e>!n vessels ( food to please h]1 or to appease h] :5 !re 0 a /orm or e>?quake4#dfd ,?us animism provid$ a !ory ( volcanoes1 & s x 0 likewise ) :irlpools & rocks4 ,9 ! ,vei c\ntry 9 ,we/ ,africa1 !re is a dang]\s rock on ! ,mafa riv]1 :i* is nev] pass$ )\t (f]+ a tribute to ! _s ( ! flood--a leaf ( tobacco1 a h&ful ( rice1 or a dr9k ( rum4#dfe ,an e>ly mission>y acc\nt ( a rock-demon wor%ipp$ by ! ,huron ,indians w %[ ) :at absolute p]sonality savages c conceive su* a be+4 ,9 ! holl[ ( a c]ta9 sacr$ rock1 x is relat$1 dwells an #8oki' or _s :o c give success to travell]s1 :]e=e !y put tobacco into "o ( ! cracks1 & pray ?us3 #8,demon :o dwelle/ 9 ?is place1 behold tobacco ,i pres5t to !e2 help u1 keep u f %ipwreck1 def5d u aga9/ our enemies1 & v\*safe t :5 we h made a good trade1 we may return safe & s\nd to our village4' ,fa!r ,m>quette relates h[1 travell+ on a riv] 9 ! !n little kn[n region ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 he 0 told ( a dreadful place to :i* ! canoe 0 j draw+ ne>1 :]e dwells a demon wait+ to dev\r su* z d>e to approa*2 ?is t]rific manitu prov$ on arrival to be "s high rocks 9 ! b5d ( ! riv]1 aga9/ :i* ! curr5t runs viol5tly4#dff ,?us ! mission>y f\nd 9 liv+ belief among ! savage ,indians ! v ?\ght :i* _h s long be=e pass$ into ! classic tale ( ,skylla & ,*>ybdis4 ,9 ^? mom5ts ( ! civiliz$ man's life :5 he ca/s (f h>d dull sci5ce1 & returns to *ildhood's fancy1 ! _w-old book ( animat$ nature is op5 to him anew4 ,!n ! well-worn ?\ghts come back fre% to him1 ( ! /ream's life t is s l 8 own2 once m he c see ! rill leap d[n ! hillside l a *ild1 to w&] play+ among ! fl[]s2 or c foll[ x z1 gr[n to a riv]1 x ru%es ?r\gh a m\nta9 gorge1 h5ce=? 9 sluggi% /r5g? to c>ry heavy burd5s across ! pla94 ,9 all t wat] does1 ! poet's fancy c disc]n its p]sonality ( life4 ,x gives fi% to ! fi%]1 & crops to ! husb&man2 x swells 9 fury & lays wa/e ! l&2 x grips ! ba!r ) *ill & cramp1 & holds ) inexorable grasp its dr[n+ victim3#dfg 8,twe$ said to ,till1 #8,:at g>s ye r9 sae /ill8' ,till said to ,twe$1 #8,?\gh ye r9 wi' spe$1 ,& ,i r9 slaw1 ,yet1 :]e ye dr[n ae man1 ,i dr[n twa4'0 ,:at e?nography has to tea* ( t great elem5t ( ! religion ( mank9d1 ! wor%ip ( well & lake1 brook & riv]1 is simply ?is--t :at is poetry to u 0 philosophy to e>ly man2 t to 8 m9d wat] act$ n by laws ( =ce1 b by life & w2 t ! wat]-spirits ( primval my?ology are z s\ls :i* cause ! wat]'s ru% & re/1 its k9dness & its cruelty2 t la/ly man f9ds1 9 ! be+s :i* ) su* p[] c "w him weal & woe1 deities ) a wid] influ5ce ov] 8 life1 deities to be fe>$ & lov$1 to be pray$ to & prais$ & propitiat$ ) sacrificial gifts4 ,9 ,au/ralia1 special wat]-demons infe/ pools & wat]+-places4 ,9 ! native !ory ( disease & dea?1 no p]sonage is m prom95t ?an ! wat]-_s1 :i* afflicts ^? :o g into unlawful pools or ba! at unlawful times1 ! creature :i* causes wom5 to p9e & die1 & ^: v pres5ce is dea? to ! behold]1 save to ! native doctors1 :o may visit ! wat]-_s's subaque\s abode & return ) ble>$ eyes & wet clo!s to tell ! wond]s ( _! /ay4#dfh ,x w\ld seem t creatures ) su* attributes come naturally into ! category ( spiritual be+s1 b 9 su* /ories z t ( ! bunyip liv+ 9 ! lakes & riv]s & se5 float+ z big z a calf1 :i* c>ries (f native wom5 to 8 retreat bel[ ! wat]s1 !re appe>s t confusion betwe5 ! spiritual wat]-demon & ! mat]ial wat]-mon/]1 :i* runs on into ! mid/ ( ,european my?ology 9 su* conceptions z t ( ! wat]-kelpie & ! sea-s]p5t4#dfi ,am]ica gives cases ( o!r pr9cipal animi/ic ideas conc]n+ wat]4 ,! wat] has its own spirits1 writes ,cranz1 among ! ,gre5l&]s1 s :5 !y come to an untri$ spr+1 an angekok or ! olde/ man mu/ dr9k fir/1 to free x f a h>mful _s4#dgj #8,:o makes ?is riv] fl[8' asks ! ,algonqu9 hunt] 9 a m$ic9e-song1 & 8 answ] is1 #8,! _s1 he makes ?is riv] fl[4' ,9 any great riv]1 or lake1 or cascade1 !re dwell su* spirits1 look$ ^u z mighty manitus4 ,?us ,c>v] m5tions ! habit ( ! ,r$ ,indians1 :5 !y rea*$ ! %ores ( ,lake ,sup]ior or ! banks ( ! ,mississippi1 or any o!r great body ( wat]1 to pres5t to ! _s :o resides !re "s k9d ( (f]+2 ?is he saw done by a ,w9nebago *ief :o w5t ) him to ! ,falls ( ,/4 ,an?ony4 ,frankl9 saw a simil> sacrifice made by an ,indian1 ^: wife _h be5 afflict$ ) sickness by ! wat]-spirits1 & :o accord+ly to appease !m ti$ up 9 a small bundle a knife & a piece ( tobacco & "s o!r trifl+ articles1 & committ$ !m to ! rapids4#dga ,on ! riv]-bank1 ! ,p]uvians w\ld scoop up a h&ful ( wat] & dr9k x1 pray+ ! riv]-deity to let !m cross or to give !m fi%1 & !y ?rew maize into ! /ream z a propitiatory (f]+2 ev5 to ?is day ! ,indians ( ! ,cordill]as p]=m ! c]emonial sip be=e !y w pass a riv] on foot or horseback4#dgb ,africa displays well ! rites ( wat]-wor%ip4 ,9 ! ,ea/1 among ! ,wanika1 e spr+ has its _s1 to :i* oblations are made2 9 ! ,we/1 9 ! ,akra di/rict1 lakes1 ponds1 & riv]s receiv$ wor%ip z local deities4 ,9 ! ,s\?1 among ! ,kafirs1 /reams are v5]at$ z p]sonal be+s1 or ! abodes ( p]sonal deities1 z :5 a man cross+ a riv] w ask leave ( its _s1 or hav+ cross$ w ?r[ 9 a /one2 or :5 ! dwell]s by a /ream w sacrifice a bea/ to x 9 "t ( dr\ght1 or1 w>n$ by illness 9 ! tribe t _! riv] is angry1 w ca/ into x a few h&fuls ( millet or ! entrails ( a slaught]$ ox4#dgc ,n less /rongly m>k$ are su* ideas among ! ,tat> races ( ! ,nor?4 ,?us ! ,o/yaks v5]ate ! riv] ,ob1 & :5 fi% is scanty w hang a /one ab\t a re9de]'s neck & ca/ x 9 = a sacrifice4 ,among ! ,buraets1 :o are pr(ess+ ,buddhi/s1 ! old wor%ip may /ill be se5 at ! picturesque little m\nta9 lake ( ,ike\g\n1 :]e !y come to ! wood5 temple on ! %ore to (f] sacrifices ( milk & butt] & ! fat ( ! animals :i* !y burn on ! alt>s4 ,s across 9 ,nor!rn ,europe1 almo/ e ,e/honian village has its sacr$ sacrificial spr+4 ,! ,e/hs c\ld at times ev5 see ! *url ) blue & yell[ /ock+s rise f ! holy brook ,whh&a1 no d\bt t same _s ( ! brook to :om 9 old] days !re 7 sacrific$ bea/s & little *ildr52 9 new] times1 :5 a ,g]man l&[n] d>$ to build a mill & di%on\r ! sacr$ wat]1 !re came bad seasons t la/$ ye> aft] ye>1 & ! c\ntry p burn$ d[n ! abom9able ?+4#dgd ,z = ! wat]-wor%ip prevail+ among non-,aryan indig5es ( ,briti% ,india1 x seems to rea* its climax among ! ,bodo & ,dhimal ( ! ,nor?-,ea/1 tribes to :om ! local riv]s are ! local deities1#dge s t m5 wor%ip accord+ to _! wat]-%$s1 & ! map is a pan!on4 ,nor is su* rev]5ce /range to ,aryan nations4 ,to ! mod]n ,h9du1 look+ z he /ill does on a riv] z a liv+ p]sonal be+ to be ador$ & sworn by1 ! ,ganges is no solit>y wat] deity1 b only ! fir/ & mo/ famili> ( ! long li/ ( sacr$ /reams4#dgf ,turn to ! classic _w1 & we b f9d ! beliefs & rites ( a l[] b>b>ic culture hold+ _! place1 consecrat$ by v5]able antiquity & glorifi$ by new poetry & art4 ,to ! great ,olympian assembly 9 ! halls ( cl\d-compell+ ,zeus1 came ! ,riv]s1 all save ,ocean1 & ?i!r came ! nymphs :o dwell 9 lovely groves & at ! spr+s ( /reams1 & 9 ! grassy meads2 & !y sate ^u ! poli%$ seats3-- #8 1 ' 1 ' ' 1 1 4 ' 1 1 4' ,ev5 aga9/ ,hephai/os ! ,fire-god1 a ,riv]-god d>$ to /& oppos$1 deep-eddy+ ,xan?os1 call$ ( m5 ,skam&ros4 ,he ru%$ d[n to ov]:elm ,a*illes & bury him 9 s& & slime1 & ?\gh ,hephai/os prevail$ aga9/ him ) 8 flames1 & =c$ him1 ) ! fi% skurry+ hi!r & ?i!r 9 8 boil+ waves & ! will[s scor*$ ^u 8 banks1 to ru% on no m b /&1 yet at ! ^w ( :ite-arm$ ,"h1 t x 0 n fit = mortals' sake to h&le s r\ghly an immortal god1 ,hephai/os qu5*$ 8 furi\s fire1 & ! return+ flood sp$ aga9 along 8 *annel3-- #81 1 2 4 ' ' 4' ,to be+s ?us conceiv$ 9 p]sonal div9ity1 full wor%ip 0 giv54 ,odysseus invokes ! riv] ( ,s*]ia2 ,skam&ros _h 8 prie/ & ,sp]*eios 8 grove2 & sacrifice 0 done to ! rival ( ,h]akles1 ! riv]-god ,a*eloos1 elde/ ( ! ?ree ?\s& riv]-*ildr5 ( old ,okeanos4#dgg ,?r\gh ! ages ( ! classic _w1 ! riv]-gods & ! wat]-nymphs held _! places1 till )9 ! b\nds ( ,*ri/5dom !y came to be class$ ) ideal be+s l !m 9 ! my?ology ( ! nor!rn nations1 ! k9dly sprites to :om (f]+s 7 giv5 at spr+s & lakes1 & ! trea*]\s nixes :o entice m5 to a wat]y dea?4 ,9 times ( transition1 ! new ,*ri/ian au?orities made prote/ aga9/ ! old wor%ip1 pass+ laws to =bid adoration & sacrifice to f\nta9s--z :5 ,duke ,bretislav =bade ! /ill half-pagan c\ntry folk ( ,bohemia to (f] libations & sacrifice victims at spr+s1#dgh & 9 ,engl& ,ecgb]t's ,po5it5tiale proscrib$ ! l rites1 #8if any man v[ or br+ 8 (f]+s to any well1' #8if "o hold 8 vigils at any well4'#dgi ,b ! old v5]ation 0 too /rong to be put d[n1 & ) a v>ni% ( ,*ri/ianity & sometimes ! sub/itution ( a sa9t's "n1 wat]-wor%ip has held its own to our day4 ,! ,bohemians w g to pray on ! riv]-bank :]e a man has be5 dr[n$1 & !re !y w ca/ 9 an (f]+1 a loaf ( new bread & a pair ( wax-c&les4 ,on ,*ri/mas ,eve !y w put a spoonful ( ea* di% on a plate1 & aft] supp] ?r[ ! food into ! well1 ) an appo9t$ =mula1 some:at ?us3-- #8,h\se-fa!r gives !e greet+1 ,!e by me entreat+3 ,spr+let1 %>e our fea/ ( ,yule1 ,b give u wat] to ! full2 ,:5 ! l& is plagu$ ) dr\ght1 ,drive x ) ?y well-spr+ out4'#dhj ,x well %[s ! un*ang$ survival ( savage ?\ght 9 mod]n peasants' m9ds1 to f9d /ill 9 ,slavonic l&s ! v same fe> ( dr9k+ a h>mful _s 9 ! wat]1 t has be5 notic$ among ! ,esquimaux4 ,x is a s9 = a ,bulg>ian n to ?r[ "s wat] out ( e bucket br\ght f ! f\nta92 "s elem5tal _s might be float+ on ! surface1 & if n ?r[n out1 might take up 8 abode 9 ! h\se1 or ent] into ! body ( "s "o dr9k+ f ! vessel4#dha ,else:]e 9 ,europe1 ! li/ ( /ill exi/+ wat]-rites may be ext5d$4 ,! anci5t lake-(f]+s ( ! ,s\? ( ,france seem n yet =gott5 9 ,la ,lozre1 ! ,bretons v5]ate z ( old _! sacr$ spr+s1 & ,scotl& & ,irel& c %[ 9 p>i% aft] p>i% ! sites & ev5 ! actual survivals ( su* obs]vance at ! holy wells4 ,p]haps ,wel%m5 no long] (f] cocks & h5s to ,/4 ,tecla at h] sacr$ well & *ur* ( ,ll&egla1 b ,corni% folk /ill drop into ! old holy-wells (f]+s ( p9s1 nails1 & rags1 expect+ f _! wat]s cure = disease1 & om5s f _! bubbles z to heal? & m>riage4#dhb ,! spirits ( ! tree & grove no less des]ve our /udy = _! illu/rations ( man's primitive animi/ic !ory ( nature4 ,?is is rem>kably display$ 9 t /age ( ?\ght :]e ! individual tree is reg>d$ z a consci\s p]sonal be+1 & z su* receives adoration & sacrifice4 ,:e!r su* a tree is look$ on z inhabit$1 l a man1 by its own prop] life or s\l1 or z possess$1 l a feti%1 by "s o!r _s :i* has ent]$ x & uses x = a body1 is (t5 h>d to det]m9e4 ,%elley's l9es well express a d\bt+ conception famili> to old b>b>ic ?\ght-- #8,:e!r ! s5sitive plant1 or t ,:i* )9 its b\ghs l a _s sat ,ere its outw>d =m _h kn[n decay1 ,n[ felt ?is *ange1 ,i _c say4' ,b ?is vagu5ess is yet aga9 a pro( ( ! pr9ciple :i* ,i h confid5tly put =w>d "h1 t ! conceptions ( ! inh]5t s\l & ( ! embodi$ _s are b modifications ( "o & ! same deep-ly+ animi/ic ?\ght4 ,! ,m9tira ( ! ,malay ,p59sula believe 9 #8hantu kayu1' i4e4 #8tree-spirits1' or #8tree-demons1' :i* frequ5t e species ( tree1 & afflict m5 ) diseases2 "s trees are not$ = ! malignity ( _! demons4#dhc ,among ! ,dayaks ( ,borneo1 c]ta9 trees possess$ by spirits mu/ n be cut d[n2 if a mission>y v5tur$ to fell "o1 any dea? t happ5$ aft]w>ds w\ld naturally be set d[n to ?is crime4#dhd ,! belief ( c]ta9 ,malays ( ,sumatra is expressly /at$1 t c]ta9 v5]able trees are ! resid5ce1 or r ! mat]ial frame1 ( spirits ( ! woods4#dhe ,9 ! ,tonga ,isl&s1 we he> ( natives lay+ (f]+s at ! foot ( p>ticul> trees1 ) ! idea ( _! be+ inhabit$ by spirits4#dhf ,s 9 ,am]ica1 ! ,ojibwa m$ic9e-man has he>d ! tree utt] its compla9t :5 wantonly cut d[n4#dhg ,a curi\s & sugge/ive description be>+ on ?is po9t is giv5 9 ,fri> ,roman ,pane's acc\nt ( ! religion ( ! ,antilles isl&]s1 drawn up by ord] ( ,columbus4 ,c]ta9 trees1 he decl>es1 7 believ$ to s5d = sorc]]s1 to :om !y gave ord]s h[ to %ape _! trunks into idols1 & ^! #8cemi' be+ !n in/all$ 9 temple-huts1 receiv$ pray] & inspir$ _! prie/s ) oracles4#dhh ,africa %[s z well-def9$ examples4 ,! negro woodman cuts d[n c]ta9 trees 9 fe> ( ! ang] ( _! inhabit+ demons1 b he f9ds 8 way out ( ! difficulty by a sacrifice to 8 own good g5ius1 or1 :5 he is giv+ ! fir/ cuts to ! great asor9-tree1 & its indwell+ _s comes out to *ase him1 he cunn+ly drops palm-oil on ! gr\nd1 & makes 8 escape :ile ! _s is lick+ x up4#dhi ,a negro 0 once wor%ipp+ a tree ) an (f]+ ( food1 :5 "s "o po9t$ out to him t ! tree did n eat2 ! negro answ]$1 #8,o ! tree is n feti%1 ! feti% is a _s & invisible1 b he has desc5d$ into ?is tree4 ,c]ta9ly he _c dev\r our bodily food1 b he enjoys its spiritual "p & leaves beh9d ! bodily :i* we see4'#dij ,tree-wor%ip is l>gely preval5t 9 ,africa1 & mu* ( x may be ( ?is fully animi/ic k9d2 z :]e 9 ,:idah ,bosman says t #8! trees1 :i* are ! gods ( ! second rank ( ?is c\ntry1 are only pray$ to & pres5t$ ) (f]+s 9 "t ( sickness1 m especially fev]s1 9 ord] to re/ore ! pati5ts to heal?2'#dia or :]e 9 ,abyss9ia ! ,gallas made pilgrimage f all qu>t]s to _! sacr$ tree ,wodanabe on ! banks ( ! ,hawa%1 wor%ipp+ x & pray+ to x = ri*es1 heal?1 life1 & e bless+4#dib ,! position ( tree-wor%ip 9 ,s\!rn ,asia 9 relation to ,buddhism is ( p>ticul> int]e/4 ,to ?is day !re are di/ricts ( ?is region1 ,buddhi/ or "u /rong ,buddhi/ influ5ce1 :]e tree-wor%ip is /ill display$ ) absolute cle>ness ( !ory & practice4 ,"h 9 leg5d a dryad is a be+ capable ( m>riage ) a human h]o1 :ile 9 actual fact a tree-deity is consid]$ human en\gh to be pleas$ ) dolls set up to sw+ 9 ! bran*es4 ,! ,tale9 ( ,burmah1 be=e !y cut d[n a tree1 (f] pray]s to its #8kaluk' 7i4q41 #8kelah'71 its inhabit+ _s or s\l4 ,! ,siamese (f] cakes & rice to ! takhi5-tree be=e !y fell x1 & believe ! inhabit+ nymphs or mo!rs ( trees to pass into gu>dian-spirits ( ! boats built ( _! wood1 s t !y actually g on (f]+ sacrifice to !m 9 ?is _! new condition4#dic ,^! p h inde$ little to le>n f any o!r race1 h[ev] savage1 ( ! pr9ciples ( ! l[] animism4 ,! "q n[ arises1 did su* tree-wor%ip belong to ! local religions among :i* ,buddhism e/abli%$ itself8 ,!re is /rong evid5ce t ?is 0 ! case4 ,philosophic ,buddhism1 z kn[n to u by its !ological books1 does n include trees among s5ti5t be+s possess+ m9d1 b x goes s f> z to ackn[l$ge ! exi/5ce ( ! #8dewa' or g5ius ( a tree4 ,buddha1 x is relat$1 told a /ory ( a tree cry+ out to ! brahman c>p5t] :o 0 go+ to cut x d[n1 #8,i h a ^w to say1 he> my ^w6' b !n ! tea*] goes on to expla9 t x 0 n really ! tree t spoke1 b a dewa dwell+ 9 x4 ,buddha himself 0 a tree-g5ius =ty-?ree times 9 ! c\rse ( 8 transmigrations4 ,leg5d says t dur+ "o su* exi/5ce1 a c]ta9 brahman us$ to pray = protection to ! tree :i* ,buddha 0 atta*$ to2 b ! trans=m$ tea*] reprov$ ! tree-wor%ipp] = ?us address+ himself to a s5seless ?+ :i* he>s & kn[s no?+4#did ,z = ! fam\s ,bo tree1 its miracul\s glories are n conf9$ to ! anci5t ,buddhi/ annals2 = its surviv+ desc5dant1 gr[n f ! bran* ( ! p>5t tree s5t by ,k+ ,asoka f ,india to ,ceylon 9 ! #crd c5tury ,b4,c41 to ?is day receives ! wor%ip ( ! pilgrims :o come by ?\s&s to d x hon\r1 & (f] pray] be=e x4 ,beyond ^! h9ts & relics ( ! old wor%ip1 h[ev]1 ,mr4 ,f]gusson's rec5t inve/igations1 publi%$ 9 8 #8,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip1' h br\ght to light an anci5t /ate ( ?+s :i* ! or?odox ,buddhi/ lit]ature gives little idea (4 ,x appe>s f ! sculptures ( ! ,san*i tope 9 ,c5tral ,india1 t 9 ! ,buddhism ( ab\t ! #a/ c5tury ,a4,d41 sacr$ trees _h no small place z objects ( au?oriz$ wor%ip4 ,x is especially notable t ! repres5tatives ( indig5\s race & religion 9 ,india1 ! ,nagas1 *>act]iz$ by _! tutel>y snakes issu+ f _! backs betwe5 _! %\ld]s & curv+ ov] _! heads1 & o!r tribes actually drawn z human apes1 are se5 ador+ ! div9e tree 9 ! mid/ ( unque/ionable ,buddhi/ surr\nd+s4#die ,tree-wor%ip1 ev5 n[ well m>k$ among ! indig5\s tribes ( ,india1 0 obvi\sly n aboli%$ on ! ,buddhi/ conv]sion4 ,! new philosophic religion seems to h amalgamat$1 z new religions ev] d1 ) old] native ?\ghts & rites4 ,& x is q consi/5t ) ! habits ( ! ,buddhi/ !ologians & hagiologi/s1 t :5 tree-wor%ip 0 suppress$1 !y %\ld h slurr$ ov] ! fact ( its =m] preval5ce1 & %\ld ev5 h us$ ! recollection ( x z a gibe aga9/ ! ho/ile ,brahmans4 ,conceptions l ^? ( ! l[] races 9 "*1 & rivall+ !m 9 vivacity1 belong to ! my?ology ( ,greece & ,rome4 ,! classic ?\ght ( ! tree inhabit$ by a deity & utt]+ oracles1 is l t ( o!r regions4 ,?us ! sacr$ palm ( ,negra 9 ,yem51 ^: demon 0 propitiat$ by pray] & sacrifice to give oracul> response1#dif or ! tall oaks inhabit$ by ! gods1 :]e old ,slavonic p us$ to ask que/ions & he> ! answ]s1#dig h _! analogue 9 ! prophetic oak ( ,dodona1 :]e9 dwelt ! deity1 #8 ' 4'#dih ,! ,hom]ic hymn to ,aphrodite tells ( ! tree-nymphs1 long-liv$ yet n immortal--!y gr[ ) _! high-topp$ leafy p9es & oaks ^u ! m\nta9s1 b :5 ! lot ( dea? draws nigh1 & ! lovely trees are sapless1 & ! b>k rots away & ! bran*es fall1 !n _! spirits dep>t f ! light ( ! sun3-- #8 1 ' ' 1 ' 4 ' 4 ' ' 1 1 1 ' 1 1 ' 1 ' ' 1 ' 4'#dii ,! hamadryad's life is b\nd to h] tree1 %e is hurt :5 x is w\nd$1 %e cries :5 ! axe ?reat5s1 %e dies ) ! fall5 trunk3-- #8,non s9e hamadryadis fato cadit arborea trabs4'#ejj ,h[ p]sonal a creature ! tree-nymph 0 to ! classic m9d1 is %[n 9 leg5ds l t ( ,p>aibios1 ^: fa!r1 reg>dless ( ! hamadryad's entreaties1 cut d[n h] anci5t trunk1 & 9 himself & 9 8 (fspr+ suff]$ h] dire v5geance4#eja ,! e?nographic /ud5t f9ds a curi\s int]e/ 9 trans=mation-my?s l ,ovid's1 keep+ up z !y d ve/iges ( philosophy ( ar*aic type--,daphne turn$ into ! laurel t ,apollo hon\rs = h] sake1 ! sorr[+ si/]s ( ,phae?on *ang+ into trees1 yet /ill dropp+ blood & cry+ = m]cy :5 _! %oots are torn4#ejb ,su* episodes m$ival poetry c\ld /ill adapt1 z 9 ! pa?less inf]nal =e/ ^: knott$ dusk-leav$ trees reveal$ _! human animation to ! ,flor5t9e :5 he pluck$ a twig1 #8,allor porsi la mano un poco avante1 ,e colsi un ramoscel da un gran pruno3 ,e' l tronco suo grid3 ,p]* mi s*iante8'#ejc or ! myrtle to :i* ,ruggi]o ti$ 8 hippogriff1 :o tugg$ at ! poor trunk till x murmur$ & op$ its m\?1 & ) doleful voice told t x 0 ,a/olfo1 en*ant$ by ! wick$ ,alc9a among h] o!r lov]s1 #8,d' entr> o 9 f]a o 9 fonte o 9 legno o 9 sasso4'#ejd ,if ^! seem to u n[ conceits ov] qua9t = beauty1 we ne$ n scruple to say s4 ,!y are n ( ,dante & ,ario/o1 !y are %am antiques f classic models4 ,& if ev5 ! classic orig9als h become unpleas+1 we ne$ n p]haps reproa* ourselves ) decl9e ( poetic ta/e4 ,we h lo/ some?+1 & ! loss has spoil$ our appreciation ( _m an old poetic !me1 yet x is n always our s5se ( ! beautiful t has dw9dl$1 b ! old animi/ic philosophy ( nature t is gone f u1 dissipat+ f su* fancies _! mean+1 & ) _! mean+ _! lovel9ess4 ,/ill1 if we look = liv+ m5 to :om trees are1 z !y 7 to our di/ant =efa!rs1 ! habitations & embodim5ts ( spirits1 we %all n look 9 va94 ,! peasant folklore ( ,europe /ill kn[s ( will[s t ble$ & weep & speak :5 hewn1 ( ! fairy maid5 t sits )9 ! fir-tree1 ( t old tree 9 ,ruga>d =e/ t mu/ n be fell$1 = an elf dwells )91 ( t old tree on ! ,he9z5b]g ne> ,zell1 :i* utt]$ its compla9t :5 ! woodman cut x d[n1 = 9 x 0 ,our ,lady1 ^: *apel n[ /&s ^u ! spot4#eje ,"o may /ill look on :]e ,franconian damsels g to a tree on ,/4 ,?omas's ,day1 knock ?rice solemnly1 & li/5 = ! indwell+ _s to give answ] by raps f )91 :at mann] ( husb&s !y are to h4#ejf ,9 ! rem>kable docum5t ( my?ic cosmogony1 pres]v$ by ,eusebius "u ! alleg$ au?or%ip ( ! ,phnician ,san*onia?on1 is ! foll[+ passage3 #8,b ^! fir/ m5 consecrat$ ! plants ( ! e>?1 & judg$ !m gods1 & wor%ipp$ ! ?+s ^u :i* !y !mselves liv$ & _! po/]ity1 & all be=e !m1 & 7to ^!7 !y made libations & sacrifices4'#ejg ,f examples su* z h be5 "h review$1 x seems t direct & absolute tree-wor%ip ( ?is k9d may inde$ lie v wide & deep 9 ! e>ly hi/ory ( religion4 ,b ! :ole tree-cultus ( ! _w mu/ by no means be ?r[n indiscrim9ately into ?is "o category4 ,x is only on su* di/9ct evid5ce z has be5 "h put =w>d1 t a sacr$ tree may be tak5 z hav+ a _s embodi$ 9 or atta*$ to x4 ,beyond ?is limit1 !re is a wid] range ( animi/ic conceptions connect$ ) tree & =e/ wor%ip4 ,! tree may be ! _s's p]* or %elt] or fav\rite haunt4 ,"u ?is def9ition come ! trees hung ) objects :i* are ! receptacles ( disease-spirits4 ,z places ( spiritual resort1 !re is no real di/9ction betwe5 ! sacr$ tree & ! sacr$ grove4 ,! tree may s]ve z a scaffold or alt>1 at once conv5i5t & conspicu\s1 :]e (f]+s c be set out = "s spiritual be+1 :o may be a tree-_s1 or p]haps ! local deity1 liv+ !re j z a man might d :o _h 8 hut & own$ 8 plot ( l& ar\nd4 ,! %elt] ( "s s+le tree1 or ! solemn seclusion ( a =e/ grove1 is a place ( wor%ip set ap>t by nature1 ( "s tribes ! only temple1 ( _m tribes p]haps ! e>lie/4 ,la/ly1 ! tree may be m]ely a sacr$ object patroniz$ by or associat$ ) or symboliz+ "s div9ity1 (t5 "o ( ^? :i* we %all pres5tly notice z presid+ ov] a :ole species ( trees or o!r ?+s4 ,h[ all ^! conceptions1 f actual embodim5t or local resid5ce or visit ( a demon or deity1 d[n to m]e ideal association1 c bl5d toge!r1 h[ h>d x (t5 is to di/+ui% !m1 & yet h[ 9 spite ( ?is confusion !y con=m to ! animi/ic !ology 9 :i* all h _! ess5tial pr9ciples1 a few examples w %[ bett] ?an any !oretical comm5t4#ejh ,take ! gr\ps ( malici\s wood-fi5ds s obvi\sly devis$ to acc\nt = ! my/]i\s influ5ces t beset ! =e/ w&]]4 ,9 ! ,au/ralian bu%1 demons :i/le 9 ! bran*es1 & /oop+ ) out/ret*$ arms sneak among ! trunks to seize ! wayf>]2 ! lame demon leads a/ray ! hunt] 9 ! ,brazilian =e/2 ! ,k>5 cross+ a fev]-haunt$ jungle %udd]s 9 ! grip ( ! spiteful #8phi1' & runs to lay an (f]+ by ! tree he re/$ "u la/1 f ^: b\ghs ! mal>ia-fi5d came d[n ^u him2 ! negro ( ,s5egambia seeks to pacify ! long-hair$ tree-demons t s5d diseases2 ! t]rific cry ( ! wood-demon is he>d 9 ! ,f9l& =e/2 ! baleful %apes ( t]ror t glide at night ?r\gh our own woodl& are famili> /ill to peasant & poet4#eji ,! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians ( ! ,f> ,we/1 ent]+ ! defiles ( ! ,black ,m\nta9s ( ,nebraska1 w (t5 hang (f]+s on ! trees or place !m on ! rocks1 to propitiate ! spirits & procure good wea!r & hunt+4#eaj ,9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 ,mr4 ,d>w9 describes ! ,indians (f]+ _! adorations by l\d %\ts :5 !y came 9 sight ( ! sacr$ tree /&+ solit>y on a high "p ( ! ,pampas1 a l&m>k visible f af>4 ,to ?is tree 7 hang+ by ?reads numb]less (f]+s su* z cig>s1 bread1 meat1 pieces ( clo?1 c41 d[n to ! m]e ?read pull$ f 8 pon*o by ! poor wayf>] :o _h no?+ bett] to give4 ,m5 w\ld p\r libations ( spirits & mat into a c]ta9 hole1 & smoke upw>ds to gratify ,wallee*u1 & all ar\nd lay ! blea*$ bones ( ! horses slaught]$ z sacrifices4 ,all ,indians made _! (f]+s "h1 t _! horses might n tire1 & t !y !mselves might prosp]4 ,mr4 ,d>w9 reasonably judges on ?is evid5ce t x 0 to ! deity ,wallee*u t ! wor%ip 0 paid1 ! sacr$ tree be+ only 8 alt>2 b he m5tions t ! ,gau*os ?9k ! ,indians consid] ! tree z ! god itself1 a good example ( ! misund]/&+ possible 9 su* cases4#eaa ,! ,new ,zeal&]s w\ld hang an (f]+ ( food or a lock ( hair on a bran* at a l&+ place1 or ne> rem>kable rocks or trees w\ld ?r[ a bun* ( ru%es z an (f]+ to ! _s dwell+ !re4#eab ,! ,dayaks fa/5 rags ( _! clo!s on trees at cross roads1 fe>+ = _! heal? if !y neglect ! cu/om2#eac ! ,macass> man halt+ to eat 9 ! =e/ w put a morsel ( rice or fi% on a leaf1 & lay x on a /one or /ump4#ead ,! div9ities ( ,african tribes may dwell 9 trees rem>kable = size & age1 or inhabit sacr$ groves :]e ! prie/ alone may ent]4#eae ,trees treat$ z idols by ! ,congo p1 :o put calaba%es ( palm w9e at _! feet 9 case !y %\ld be ?ir/y1#eaf & among/ ,we/ ,african negro tribes f>!r nor?1 trees hung ) rags by ! pass]s-by1 & ! great baobabs pegg$ to hang (f]+s to1 & s]v+ z %r9es be=e :i* %eep are sacrific$1#eag display well ! rites ( tree sacrifice1 ?\gh leav+ undef9$ ! precise relation conceiv$ betwe5 deity & tree4 ,! =e/ !ology t befits a race ( hunt]s is dom9ant /ill among ,turanian tribes ( ,sib]ia1 z ( old x 0 across to ,lapl&4 ,full well ^! tribes "k ! gods ( ! =e/4 ,! ,yakuts hang on any rem>kably f9e tree iron1 brass1 & o!r tr9kets2 !y *oose a gre5 spot %ad$ by a tree = _! spr+ sacrifice ( horses & ox51 ^: heads are set up 9 ! b\ghs2 !y *ant _! extemporis$ songs to ! ,_s ( ! ,=e/1 & hang = him on ! bran*es ( ! trees along ! roadside (f]+s ( horsehair1 emblems ( _! mo/ valu$ possession4 ,a clump ( l>*es on a ,sib]ian /eppe1 a grove 9 ! recesses ( a =e/1 is ! sanctu>y ( a ,turanian tribe4 ,gaily-deck$ idols 9 _! w>m fur-coats1 ea* set up b5ea? its great tree swa!d ) clo? or t9plate1 endless re9de]-hides & peltry hang+ to ! trees ar\nd1 kettles & spoons & snuff-horns & h\sehold valuables /rewn z (f]+s be=e ! gods--su* is ! description ( a ,sib]ian holy grove1 at ! /age :5 ! contact ( =eign civilization has begun by ornam5t+ ! rude old c]emonial x mu/ end by aboli%+4#eah ,a race e?nologically alli$ to ^! tribes1 ?\gh ris5 to high] culture1 kept up rem>kable relics ( tree-wor%ip 9 ,nor!rn ,europe4 ,9 ,e/honian di/ricts1 dur+ ! la/ c5tury1 ! travell] might (t5 see ! sacr$ tree1 g5]ally an anci5t lime1 oak1 or a%1 /&+ inviolate 9 a %elt]$ spot ne> ! dwell+-h\se1 & old memories are h&$ d[n ( ! "t :5 ! fir/ blood ( a slaught]$ bea/ 0 spr9kl$ on its roots1 t ! cattle might prosp]1 or :5 an (f]+ 0 laid b5ea? ! holy l9d51 on ! /one :]e ! wor%ipp] knelt on 8 b>e knees1 mov+ f ea/ to we/ & back1 :i* /one he kiss$ ?rice :5 he _h said1 #8,receive ! food z an (f]+6' ,x may well h be5 an indwell+ tree-deity = :om ?is wor%ip 0 int5d$1 = folklore %[s t ! ,e/hs recogniz$ su* a conception ) ! utmo/ di/9ctness2 !y h a tale ( ! tree-elf :o appe>$ 9 p]sonal %ape outside 8 crook$ bir*-tree1 :5ce he c\ld be summon$ by ?ree knocks on ! trunk & ! inquiry1 #8,is ! crook$ "o at home8' ,b also x may h be5 ! ,wood-,fa!r or ,tree-,k+1 or "s o!r deity1 :o receiv$ sacrifice & answ]$ pray] b5ea? 8 sacr$ tree1 z 9 a temple4#eai ,if1 aga91 we glance at ! tree-&-grove wor%ip ( ! non-,aryan indig5\s tribes ( ,briti% ,india1 we %all ga!r cle> & in/ructive h9ts ( its inn] significance4 ,9 ! c\rty>d ( a ,bodo h\se is plant$ ! sacr$ #8sij' or euphorbia ( ,ba?o1 ! national god1 to :om "u ?is repres5tation ! #8deo%i' or prie/ (f]s pray] & kills a pig4#ebj ,:5 ! ,khonds settle a new village1 ! sacr$ cotton-tree mu/ be plant$ ) solemn rites1 & b5ea? x is plac$ ! /one :i* en%r9es ! village deity4#eba ,n[h]e1 p]haps1 9 ! _w 9 ^! mod]n days is ! orig9al mean+ ( ! sacr$ grove m picturesquely %[n ?an among ! ,mundas ( ,*ota-,nagpur1 9 ^: settlem5ts a sacr$ grove ( sal-trees1 a remnant ( ! primval =e/ sp>$ by ! woodman's axe1 is left z a home = ! spirits1 & 9 ?is hall[$ place (f]+s to ! gods are made4#ebb ,"h1 !n1 among ! l[] races1 is surely evid5ce en\gh to put on _! true hi/oric foot+ ! rites ( tree & grove :i* are f\nd fl\ri%+ or surviv+ )9 ! range ( ,semitic or ,aryan culture4 ,m5tions 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t record ! ,canaaniti% ,a%]a-wor%ip1 ! sacrifice "u e gre5 tree1 ! inc5se ris+ b5ea? oak & will[ & %ady t]eb9?1 rites ^: ob/9ate revival proves h[ deeply !y 7 root$ 9 ! old religion ( ! l&4#ebc ,! evid5ce ( ^! ,biblical passages is corroborat$ by o!r evid5ce f ,semitic regions1 z 9 ! l9es by ,silius ,italicus :i* m5tion ! pray] & sacrifice 9 ! ,numidian holy groves1 & ! records ( ! c\ncil ( ,c>?age :i* %[ t 9 ! #e? c5tury1 an age aft] ,augu/9e's "t1 x 0 /ill ne$ful to urge t ! relics ( idolatry 9 trees & groves %\ld be done away4#ebd ,f ! m precise descriptions :i* lie )9 ! range ( ,aryan desc5t & influ5ce1 examples may be drawn to illu/rate e class ( belief & rite ( ! =e/4 ,mod]n ,h9duism is s l>gely d]iv$ f ! religions ( ! non-,aryan indig5es1 t we may fairly expla9 ?us a consid]able "p ( ! tree-wor%ip ( mod]n ,india1 z :]e 9 ! ,birbhm di/rict ( ,b5gal a great annual pilgrimage is made to a %r9e 9 a jungle1 to give (f]+s ( rice & money & sacrifice animals to a c]ta9 gho/ :o dwells 9 a bela-tree4#ebe ,9 ?or\ghly ,h9du di/ricts may be se5 ! pippala 7,ficus religiosa7 plant$ z ! village tree1 ! #8*aityat>u' ( ,sanskrit lit]ature1 :ile ! ,h9du 9 private life plants ! banyan & o!r trees & wor%ips !m ) div9e hon\rs4#ebf ,greek & ,roman my?ology give p]fect types n only ( ! be+s atta*$ to individual trees1 b ( ! dryads1 fauns1 & satyrs liv+ & roam+ 9 ! =e/--creatures ^: analogues are our own elves & fairies ( ! woods4 ,above ^! graceful fanta/ic be+s are ! high] deities :o h trees = %r9es & groves = temples4 ,witness ! description 9 ,ovid's /ory ( ,erisi*?on3-- #8,& ,c]es' grove he ravag$ ) ! axe1 ,!y say1 & %ame ) iron ! anci5t glades4 ,!re /ood a mighty oak ( age-long /r5g?1 ,fe/oon$ ) g>l&s1 be>+ on its trunk ,memorial tablets1 pro(s ( helpful v[s4 ,b5ea?1 ! dryads l$ _! fe/ive dance1 ,& circl$ h&-9-h& ! giant bole4'#ebg ,9 m prosaic fa%ion1 ,cato in/ructs ! woodman h[ to ga9 indemnity = ?9n+ a holy grove2 he mu/ (f] a hog 9 sacrifice ) ?is pray]1 #8,be ?\ god or goddess to :om ?is grove is sacr$1 p]mit me1 by ! expiation ( ?is pig1 & 9 ord] to re/ra9 ! ov]gr[? ( ?is wood1 c41 c4'#ebh ,slavonic l&s _h _! groves :]e burn$ ! ev]la/+ fire ( ,piorun ! ,heav5-god2 ! old ,prussians v5]at$ ! holy oak ( ,rom[e1 ) its drap]y & images ( ! gods1 /&+ 9 ! mid/ ( ! sacr$ inviolate =e/ :]e no twig might be brok5 nor bea/ sla92 & s on d[n to ! eld]-tree b5ea? :i* ,pu%kait 0 wor%ipp$ ) (f]+s ( bread & be]4#ebi ,! ,keltic ,heav5-god1 ^: image 0 a mighty oak1 ! :ite-rob$ ,druids climb+ ! sacr$ tree to cut ! mi/letoe1 & sacrific+ ! two :ite bulls b5ea?1 are types f ano!r national gr\p4#ecj ,teutonic descriptions beg9 ) ,tacitus1 #8,lucos ac nemora consecrant1 deorumque nom9ibus adpellant secretum illud1 quod sola rev]5tia vid5t1' & ! curi\s passage :i* describes ! ,semnones ent]+ ! sacr$ grove 9 bonds1 a homage to ! deity t dwelt !re2 _m a c5tury aft]1 ! ,sw$es 7 /ill hold+ solemn sacrifice & hang+ ! c>cases ( ! slaught]$ bea/s 9 ! grove h>d by ! temple ( ,upsal4#eca ,) ,*ri/ianity comes a crusade aga9/ ! holy trees & groves4 ,boniface hews d[n 9 ! pres5ce ( ! prie/ ! huge oak ( ! ,hessian ,heav5-god1 & builds ( ! timb] a *apel to ,/4 ,pet]4 ,amator expo/ulat$ ) ! hunt]s :o hung ! heads ( wild bea/s to ! b\ghs ( ! sacr$ pe>-tree ( ,aux]re1 #8,hoc opus idololatri cultur e/1 non *ri/ian elegantissim discipl92' b ?is mild p]suasion n avail+1 he *opp$ x d[n & burn$ x4 ,9 spite ( all su* ef=ts1 ! old religion ( ! tree & grove surviv$ 9 ,europe (t5 9 mo/ pri/9e =m4 ,)9 ! la/ two hundr$ ye>s1 !re 7 old m5 9 ,go?l& :o w\ld #8g to pray "u a great tree1 z _! =efa!rs _h done 9 _! "t2' & to ?is day ! sacrificial rite ( p\r+ milk & be] ov] ! roots ( trees is said to be kept up on out-(-!-way ,sw$i% f>ms4#ecb ,9 ,russia1 ! ,lye%y or wood-demon /ill protects ! birds & bea/s 9 8 doma91 & drives 8 flocks ( field-mice & squirrels f =e/ to =e/1 :5 we %\ld say !y are migrat+4 ,! hunt]'s luck dep5ds on 8 treatm5t ( ! =e/-_s1 :]e=e he w leave him z a sacrifice ! fir/ game he kills1 or "s small] (f]+ ( bread or salt$ pancake on a /ump4 ,or if "o falls ill on return+ f ! =e/1 x is kn[n t ?is is ! ,lye%y's do+1 s ! pati5t c>ries to ! wood "s bread & salt 9 a clean rag1 & leav+ x ) a pray]1 comes home cur$4#ecc ,names l ,holyoake & ,holywood record our own old memories ( ! holy trees & groves1 memories long l+]+ 9 ! t5aci\s peasant m9d2 & x 0 a great & sacr$ l9d5-tree ) ?ree /ems1 /&+ 9 ! p>i% ( ,hvit>yd 9 ,s\? ,sw$51 :i* ) curi\s fitness gave a "n to ! family ( ,l9nu4 ,la/ly1 ,jakob ,grimm ev5 v5tures to connect hi/orically ! anci5t sacr$ inviolate wood ) ! lat] royal =e/1 an e?nological argum5t :i* w\ld beg9 ) ! savage ador+ ! ,_s ( ! ,=e/1 & end ) ! mod]n l&[n] pres]v+ 8 pheasants4#ecd ,to ! mod]n educat$ _w1 few ph5om5a ( ! l[] civilization seem m pitiable ?an ! spectacle ( a man wor%ipp+ a bea/4 ,we h le>nt ! lessons ( ,natural ,hi/ory at la/ ?or\ghly en\gh to recognize our sup]iority to our #8y\ng] bro!rs1' z ! ,r$ ,indians call !m1 ! creatures :om x is our place n to adore b to und]/& & use4 ,by m5 at l[] levels ( culture1 h[ev]1 ! inf]ior animals are view$ ) a v diff]5t eye4 ,= v>i\s motives1 !y h become objects ( v5]ation rank+ among ! mo/ important 9 ! l[] ranges ( religion4 ,yet ,i mu/ "h speak %ortly & slightly ( ,animal-wor%ip1 n z want+ 9 int]e/1 b z ov]-ab\nd+ 9 difficulty4 ,wi%+ r to br+ g5]al pr9ciples into view ?an to mass un9t]pret$ facts1 all ,i c satisfactorily d is to give "s select examples f ! v>i\s gr\ps ( evid5ce1 s z at once to display ! m /rik+ features ( ! subject1 & to trace ! anci5t ideas upw>d f ! savage level f> into ! high] civilization4 ,fir/ & =emo/1 uncultur$ man seems capable ( simply wor%ipp+ a bea/ z bea/1 look+ on x z possess$ ( p[]1 c\rage1 cunn+1 beyond 8 own1 & animat$ l a man by a s\l :i* cont9ues to exi/ aft] bodily dea?1 p[]ful z ev] = good & h>m4 ,!n ?is idea bl5ds ) ! ?\ght ( ! creature z be+ an inc>nate deity1 see+1 he>+1 & act+ ev5 at a di/ance1 & cont9u+ its p[] aft] ! dea? ( ! animal body to :i* ! div9e _s 0 atta*$4 ,?us ! ,kam*adals1 9 _! simple v5]ation ( all ?+s t c\ld d !m h>m or good1 wor%ipp$ ! :ales t c\ld ov]turn _! boats1 & ! be>s & wolves ( :om !y /ood 9 fe>4 ,! bea/s1 !y ?\ght1 c\ld und]/& _! language1 & !re=e !y ab/a9$ f call+ !m by _! names :5 !y met !m1 b propitiat$ !m ) c]ta9 appo9t$ =mulas4#ece ,tribes ( ,p]u1 says ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 wor%ipp$ ! fi% & vicuz t provid$ !m food1 ! monkeys = _! cunn+1 ! sp>r[hawks = _! ke5 sight4 ,! tig] & ! be> 7 to !m f]oci\s deities1 & mank9d1 m]e /rang]s & intrud]s 9 ! l&1 might well adore ^! be+s1 its old inhabitants & lords4#ecf ,h[1 inde$1 c "o wond] t 9 direct & simple awe1 ! ,philipp9e isl&]s1 :5 !y saw an alligator1 %\ld h pray$ him ) great t5d]ness to d !m no h>m1 & to ?is end (f]$ him ( :atev] !y _h 9 _! boats1 ca/+ x into ! wat]4#ecg ,su* rites display at lea/ a p>tial tru? 9 ! fam\s apoph!gm :i* attributes to fe> ! orig9 ( religion3 #8,primos 9 orbe deos fecit timor4'#ech ,9 discuss+ ! "q ( ! s\ls ( animals 9 a previ\s *apt]1 in/ances 7 adduc$ ( m5 seek+ to appease by apologetic phrase & rite ! animals !y kill$4#eci ,x is in/ructive to obs]ve h[ naturally su* p]sonal int]c\rse betwe5 man & animal may pass into full wor%ip1 :5 ! creature is p[]ful or dang]\s en\gh to claim x4 ,:5 ! ,/ins ( ,kambodia ask$ p>don ( ! bea/ !y kill$1 & (f]$ sacrifice 9 expiation1 !y expressly did s ?r\gh fe> le/ ! creature's disembodi$ s\l %\ld come & torm5t !m4#edj ,yet1 /range to say1 ev5 ! wor%ip ( ! animal z div9e does n prev5t ! propitiatory c]emony f pass+ into utt] mock]y4 ,?us ,*>levoix describes ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians :o1 :5 !y _h kill$ a be>1 w\ld set up its head pa9t$ ) _m col\rs1 & (f] x homage & praise :ile !y p]=m$ ! pa9ful duty ( fea/+ on its body4#eda ,s among ! ,a9os1 ! indig5es ( ,yesso1 ! be> is a great div9ity4 ,x is true !y slay him :5 !y c1 b :ile !y are cutt+ him up !y salute him ) obeisances & fair spee*es1 & set up 8 head outside ! h\se to pres]ve !m f mis=tune4#edb ,9 ,sib]ia1 ! ,yakuts wor%ip ! be> 9 common ) ! spirits ( ! =e/1 b[+ t[>d 8 fav\rite haunts ) appropriate phrases ( prose & v]se1 9 praise ( ! brav]y & g5]osity ( _! #8belov$ uncle4' ,_! k9dr$ ! ,o/yaks swe> 9 ! ,russian c\rts ( law on a be>'s head1 = ! be>1 !y say1 is all-kn[+1 & w slay !m if !y lie4 ,?is idea actually s]ves ! p z a philosophical1 ?\gh "o w\ld say r sup]flu\s1 explanation ( a :ole class ( accid5ts3 :5 a hunt] is kill$ by a be>1 x is consid]$ t he mu/ at "s "t h =sworn himself1 & n[ has met 8 doom4 ,yet ^! ,o/yaks1 :5 !y h ov]come & sla9 _! deity1 w /uff its sk9 ) hay1 kick x1 spit on x1 insult & mock x till !y h satiat$ _! hatr$ & rev5ge1 & are ready to set x up 9 a yurt z an object ( wor%ip4#edc ,:e!r an animal be wor%ipp$ z ! receptacle or inc>nation ( an indwell+ div9e s\l or o!r deity1 or z "o ( ! myriad repres5tatives ( ! presid+ god ( its class1 ! case is includ$ "u & expla9$ by ! g5]al !ory ( feti%-wor%ip already discuss$4 ,evid5ce :i* displays ^! two conceptions & _! bl5d+ is s+ul>ly p]fect 9 ! isl&s ( ! ,pacific4 ,9 ! ,georgian gr\p1 c]ta9 h]ons1 k+fi%]s1 & woodpeck]s 7 held sacr$ & f$ on ! sacrifices1 ) ! di/9ct view t ! deities 7 embodi$ 9 ! birds1 & 9 ?is =m came to eat ! (f]$ food & give ! oracul> responses by _! cries4#edd ,! ,tongans nev] kill$ c]ta9 birds1 or ! %>k1 :ale1 c41 z be+ sacr$ %r9es 9 :i* gods 7 9 ! habit ( visit+ e>?2 & if !y *anc$ 9 sail+ to pass ne> a :ale !y w\ld (f] sc5t$ oil or kava to him4#ede ,9 ! ,fiji ,isl&s1 c]ta9 birds1 fi%1 plants1 & "s m51 7 suppos$ to h deities closely connect$ ) or resid+ 9 !m4 ,?us ! hawk1 f[l1 eel1 %>k1 & ne>ly e o!r animal became ! %r9e ( "s deity1 :i* ! wor%ipp] ( t deity might n eat1 s t "s 7 ev5 tabu$ f eat+ human fle%1 ! %r9e ( _! god be+ a man4 ,nd5gei1 ! dull & otiose supreme deity1 _h 8 %r9e or inc>nation 9 ! s]p5t4#edf ,e ,samoan isl&] _h 8 tutel>y deity or #8aitu1' appe>+ 9 "s animal1 an eel1 %>k1 dog1 turtle1 c41 :i* species became 8 feti%1 n to be slight$ or injur$ or eat51 an (f5ce :i* ! deity w\ld av5ge by ent]+ ! s9n]'s body & g5]at+ 8 prop] inc>nation )9 him till he di$4#edg ,! #8atua' ( ! ,new ,zeal&]1 correspond+ ) ?is 9 "n1 is a div9e ance/ral s\l1 & is also apt to appe> 9 ! body ( an animal4#edh ,if we pass to ,sumatra1 we %all f9d t ! v5]ation paid by ! ,malays to ! tig]1 & _! habit ( apologiz+ to x :5 a trap is laid1 is connect$ ) ! idea ( tig]s be+ animat$ by ! s\ls ( dep>t$ m54#edi ,9 o!r di/ricts ( ! _w1 "o ( ! mo/ important cases connect$ ) ^! is ! wor%ip paid by ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian to 8 m$ic9e-animal1 ( :i* he kills "o specim5 to pres]ve its sk91 :i* !nce=? receives adoration & grants protection z a feti%4#eej ,9 ,s\? ,africa1 z has be5 already m5tion$1 ! ,zulus hold t div9e ance/ral %ades are embodi$ 9 c]ta9 tame & h>mless snakes1 :om _! human k9sfolk receive ) k9dly respect & propitiate ) food4#eea ,9 ,we/ ,africa1 monkeys ne> a grave-y>d are suppos$ to be animat$ by ! spirits ( ! dead1 & ! g5]al !ory ( sacr$ & wor%ipp$ crocodiles1 snakes1 birds1 bats1 elephants1 hynas1 leop>ds1 c41 is divid$ betwe5 ! two great dep>tm5ts ( ! feti%-!ory1 9 "s cases ! creature be+ ! actual embodim5t or p]sonation ( ! _s1 & 9 o!r cases sacr$ to x or "u its protection4#eeb ,h>dly any region ( ! _w displays s p]fectly z ?is ! wor%ip ( s]p5ts z feti%-animals end[$ ) high spiritual qualities1 to kill "o ( :om w\ld be an (f5ce unp>donable4 ,= a s+le description ( negro ophiolatry1 may be cit$ ,bosman's description f ,:ydah 9 ! ,bight ( ,b592 "h ! highe/ ord] ( deities 7 a k9d ( snakes :i* sw>m 9 ! villages1 reign$ ov] by t huge *ief mon/]1 upp]mo/ & greate/ & z x 7 ! gr&fa!r ( all1 :o dwelt 9 8 snake-h\se b5ea? a l(ty tree1 & !re receiv$ ! royal (f]+s ( meat & dr9k1 cattle & money & /uffs4 ,s he>tfelt 0 ! v5]ation ( ! snakes1 t ! ,dut*m5 made x a means ( cle>+ _! w>eh\ses ( tiresome visitors2 z ,bosman says1 #8,if we are ev] tir$ ) ! natives ( ?is c\ntry1 & w\ld fa9 be rid ( !m1 we ne$ only speak ill ( ! snake1 at :i* !y imm$iately /op _! e>s & run out ( doors4'#eec ,la/ly1 among ! ,tat> tribes ( ,sib]ia1 ,ca/rn f9ds ! explanation ( ! v5]ation :i* ! nomade pays to c]ta9 animals1 9 a di/9ct feti%-!ory :i* he ?us sums up3 #8,c he also contrive to propitiate ! snake1 be>1 wolf1 swan1 & v>i\s o!r birds ( ! air & bea/s ( ! field1 he has 9 !m good protectors1 = 9 !m are hidd5 mighty spirits4'#eed ,9 ! l[] levels ( civilization ! social in/itution kn[n z ,totemism is ( frequ5t occurr5ce4 ,its an?ropological importance 0 especially br\ght into notice by ,j4 ,f4 ,mc,lennan1 ^: views z to an e>ly totem-p]iod ( society h mu* influ5c$ op9ion s9ce 8 "t4#eee ,! totemic tribe is divid$ into clans1 ! memb]s ( ea* clan connect+ !mselves )1 call+ !mselves by ! "n (1 & ev5 d]iv+ _! my?ic p$igree f "s animal1 plant1 or ?+1 b mo/ (t5 an animal2 ^! totem-clans are exogam\s1 m>riage n be+ p]missible )9 ! clan1 :ile p]missible or obligatory betwe5 clan & clan4 ,?us among ! ,ojibwa ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 ! names ( su* clan-animals1 ,be>1 ,wolf1 ,tortoise1 ,de]1 ,rabbit1 c41 s]v$ to designate ! int]m>ry+ clans into :i* ! tribes 7 divid$1 ,indians be+ actually spok5 ( z be>s1 wolves1 c41 & ! figures ( ^! animals indicat+ _! clans 9 ! native picture-writ+4 ,! ,ojibwa ^w = su* a clan-"n has pass$ into ,engli% 9 ! =m #8totem1' & ?us has become an accept$ t]m among an?ropologi/s to d5ote simil> clan-names cu/om>y ov] ! _w1 ?is sy/em ( divid+ tribes be+ call$ ,totemism4 ,un=tunately = ! /udy ( ! subject1 ,john ,long1 ! trad] int]pret] :o introduc$ ! ,ojibwa ^w totem into ,europe 9 #agia1 does n seem to h grasp$ its mean+ 9 ! native law ( m>riage & clan%ip1 b to h confus$ ! totem-animal ( ! clan ) ! patron or gu>dian animal ( ! individual hunt]1 8 manitu or #8m$ic9e4'#eef ,ev5 :5 ! ,nor? ,am]ican totem-clans came to be bett] und]/ood z social in/itutions regulat+ m>riage1 ! notion ( ! gu>dian _s /ill clung to !m4 ,sir ,george ,grey1 :o knew ( ! ,am]ican totem-clans f ! #8,ar*ologia ,am]icana1' put on record 9 #ahda a li/ ( exogam\s classes 9 ,we/ ,au/ralia1 & m5tion$ ! op9ion frequ5tly giv5 by ! natives z to ! orig9 ( ^! class-names1 t !y 7 d]iv$ f "s animal or vegetable be+ v common 9 ! di/rict :i* ! family inhabit$1 s t ! "n ( ?is animal or vegetable came to be appli$ to ! family4 ,?is seems s f> valuable evid5ce1 b ,grey 0 evid5tly l$ by ,john ,long's mi/ak5 /atem5t1 :i* he quotes1 to fall himself into ! same confusion betwe5 ! tribal "n & ! patron animal or vegetable1 ! #8kobong' ( 8 natives1 :i* he reg>d$ z a tribal totem4#eeg ,9 ,mr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,fraz]'s valuable collection ( in=mation on totemism1#eeh ! use ( ! self-contradictory t]m #8individual totem' has un=tunately t5d$ to p]petuate ?is confusion4 ,9 ! pres5t /ate ( ! problem ( totemism1 x w\ld be premature to discuss at l5g? its developm5t & purpose4 ,m5tion may h[ev] be made ( obs]vations :i* t5d to place x on a new foot+1 z be+ di/9ctly relat$ to ! transmigration ( s\ls4 ,9 ,melanesia m5 may say t aft] dea? !y w reappe> = in/ance z %>ks or bananas1 & ! family w ackn[l$ge ! k9%ip by fe$+ ! %>ks & ab/a9+ f ! bananas4 ,x is n unreasonable t ,dr4 ,codr+ton %\ld sugge/ su* practices z ?r[+ light on ! orig9 ( totemism4#eei ,! late inve/igations ( ,sp5c] & ,gill51 conduct$ ) scrupul\s c>e 9 an almo/ unt\*$ di/rict ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1 %[ totemism 9 ! ,arunta tribe1 n z ! means ( regulat+ ! int]m>riage ( clans1 b z bas$ on a native !ory ( ! ance/ry ( ! race1 z desc5d$ f ! ,al*]+a1 quasi-human animal or vegetable ance/ors1 ^: s\ls are /ill reborn 9 human =m 9 successive g5]ations4#efj ,?is c>eful & def9ite acc\nt may be ! />t+-po9t ( a new /udy4 ,savages w\ld be alive to ! absurdity ( nam+ clans aft] animals 9 ord] to indicate a prohibition ( m>ry+-91 oppos$ to ! habit ( ! animals !mselves4 ,inde$1 x seems m likely t su* animal-names may h commonly belong$ to inbr$ clans1 be=e ! rule ( exogamy 0 develop$4 ,at pres5t ! pla9e/ fact z to ,totemism is its hi/orical position z %[n by its imm5se geographical di/ribution4 ,its pres5ce 9 ,nor? ,am]ica & ,au/ralia has be5 notic$4 ,x ext5ds its organization ?r\gh ! =e/-region ( ,s\? ,am]ica f ,guyana to ,patagonia4 ,nor?w>d ( ,au/ralia x is to be trac$ among ! m un*ang$ ( ! ,malay populations1 :o und]nea? =eign influ5ce /ill keep rema9s ( a totemic sy/em l t ( ! ,am]ican tribes4 ,!nce we foll[ ! totem-clan into ,india1 :5 x appe>s among non-,aryan hill-tribes su* z ! ,oraons & ,mundas1 :o h clans nam$ aft] ,eel1 ,hawk1 ,h]on1 & s on1 & mu/ n kill or eat ^! creatures4 ,nor? ( ! ,himalaya x appe>s among ,mongoloid tribes 9 _! native l[ cultur$ /ate1 su* z ! ,yakuts ) _! int]m>ry+ totem-clans ,swan1 ,rav51 & ! l4 ,9 ,africa totemism appe>s 9 ! ,bantu di/rict up to ! ,we/ ,coa/4 ,= example1 ! ,be*uana are divid$ into ,baku5a1 m5 ( ! crocodile2 ,batlapi1 ( ! fi%2 ,balaung1 ( ! lion2 ,bamor>a1 ( ! wild v9e4 ,a man does n eat 8 tribe-animal1 or clo! himself 9 its sk91 & if he mu/ kill x z hurtful1 ! lion = in/ance1 he asks p>don ( x1 & purifies himself f ! sacrilege4 ,^! few in/ances illu/rate ! g5]alization t totemism 9 its complete =m belongs to ! savage & e>ly b>b>ic /ages ( culture1 only p>tial rema9s or survivals ( x hav+ la/$ into ! civiliz$ p]iod4 ,?\gh appe>+ 9 all o!r qu>t]s ( ! globe1 x is int]e/+ to notice t !re is no di/9ct case ( totemism f\nd or record$ 9 ,europe4#efa ,! ?ree motives ( animal-wor%ip :i* h be5 describ$1 viz41 direct wor%ip ( ! animal = itself1 indirect wor%ip ( x z a feti% act$ ?r\gh by a deity1 & v5]ation = x z a totem or repres5tative ( a tribe-ance/or1 no d\bt acc\nt 9 no small measure = ! ph5om5a ( ,zoolatry among ! l[] races1 due all[ance be+ also made = ! effects ( my? & symbolism1 ( :i* we may ga9 frequ5t glimpses4 ,not)/&+ ! obscurity & complexity ( ! subject1 a survey ( ,animal-wor%ip z a :ole may yet ju/ify an e?nographic view ( its place 9 ! hi/ory ( civilization4 ,if we turn f its appe>ances among ! less cultur$ races to notice ! %apes 9 :i* x has held its place among peoples advanc$ to ! /age ( national organization & /]eotyp$ religion1 we %all f9d a reasonable cause = its new position 9 ! !ory ( developm5t & survival1 :]eby ideas at fir/ belong+ to savage !ology h 9 "p cont9u$ to spread & solidify 9 _! orig9al mann]1 :ile 9 "p !y h be5 *ang$ to accommodate !m to m advanc$ ideas1 or h be5 def5d$ f ! attacks ( reason by be+ set up z sacr$ my/]ies4 ,anci5t ,egypt 0 a l& ( sacr$ cats & jackals & hawks1 ^: mummies are among u to ?is day1 b ! reason ( ^: wor%ip 0 a subject too sacr$ = ! ,fa!r ( ,hi/ory to discuss4 ,egyptian animal-wor%ip seems to %[1 9 a d\ble l9e1 traces ( a savage ance/ry ext5d+ into ages ly+ f> beh9d ev5 ! remote antiquity ( ! ,pyramids4 ,deities patronis+ special sacr$ animals1 inc>nate 9 _! bodies1 or repres5t$ 9 _! figures1 h n[h]e bett] examples ?an ! div9e bull-dyna/y ( ,apis1 ! sacr$ hawks cag$ & f$ 9 ! temple ( ,horus1 ,?o? & 8 cynocephalus & ibis1 ,ha?or ! c[ & ,sebek ! crocodile4 ,moreov]1 ! local "* ( _m ( ! sacr$ creatures1 wor%ipp$ 9 c]ta9 nomes yet kill$ & eat5 ) impunity else:]e1 fits rem>kably ) t "* ( tribe-feti%es & deifi$ totems ) :i* ,mr4 ,mc,lennan's argum5t is conc]n$4 ,see ! m5 ( ,oxyryn*os rev]5c+ & sp>+ ! fi% oxyryn*os1 & ^? ( ,latopolis likewise wor%ipp+ ! latos4 ,at ,apoll9opolis m5 hat$ crocodiles & nev] lo/ a *ance ( kill+ !m1 :ile ! p ( ! ,ars9oite nome dress$ geese & fi% = ^! sacr$ creatures1 adorn$ !m ) necklaces & bracelets1 & mummifi$ !m sumptu\sly :5 !y di$4#efb ,9 ! mod]n _w ! mo/ civiliz$ p among :om animal-wor%ip vigor\sly survives1 lie )9 ! range ( ,brahmanism1 :]e ! sacr$ animal1 ! deity inc>nate 9 an animal or inve/$ ) or symboliz$ by its %ape1 may to ?is day be /udi$ 9 cle> example4 ,! sacr$ c[ is n m]ely to be sp>$1 %e is z a deity wor%ipp$ 9 annual c]emony1 daily p]ambulat$ & b[$ to by ! pi\s ,h9du1 :o (f]s h] fre% grass & fl[]s2 ,hanuman ! monkey-god has 8 temples & 8 idols1 & 9 him ,siva is inc>nate1 z ,durga is 9 ! jackal2 ! wise ,ganesa we>s ! elephant's head2 ! div9e k+ ( birds1 ,g>uda1 is ,vi%nu's vehicle2 ! =ms ( fi%1 & bo>1 & tortoise1 7 assum$ 9 ^? avat>-leg5ds ( ,vi%nu :i* are at ! intellectual level ( ! ,r$ ,indian my?s !y s curi\sly resemble4#efc ,! conceptions :i* und]lie ! ,h9du cre$ ( div9e animals 7 n ill display$ by t ,h9du :o1 be+ %[n ! pictures ( ,mat!w1 ,m>k1 ,luke1 & ,john ) _! respective man1 lion1 ox1 & eagle1 expla9$ ^! q naturally & satisfactorily z ! avat>s or vehicles ( ! f\r evangeli/s4 ,9 ,animal-wor%ip1 "s ( ! mo/ rem>kable cases ( developm5t & survival belong to a class f :i* /rik+ in/ances h already be5 tak54 ,s]p5t-wor%ip un=tunately fell ye>s ago into ! h&s ( speculative writ]s1 :o mix$ x up ) occult philosophies1 ,druidical my/]ies1 & t port5t\s nons5se call$ ! #8,arkite ,symbolism1' till n[ sob] /ud5ts he> ! v "n ( ,ophiolatry ) a %iv]4 ,yet x is 9 itself a rational & in/ructive subject ( inquiry1 especially notable = its wid? ( range 9 my?ology & religion4 ,we may set out among ! l[] races1 ) su* acc\nts z ^? ( ! ,r$ ,indian's rev]5ce to ! rattlesnake1 z gr&fa!r & k+ ( snakes1 z a div9e protector able to give fair w9ds or cause tempe/s2#efd or ( ! wor%ip ( great snakes among ! tribes ( ,p]u be=e !y receiv$ ! religion ( ! ,incas1 z to :om an old au?or says1 #8,!y adore ! demon :5 he pres5ts himself to !m 9 ! figure ( "s bea/ or s]p5t1 & talks ) !m4'#efe ,!nce=? su* examples ( direct ,ophiolatry may be trac$ on into classic & b>b>ic ,europe2 ! great s]p5t :i* def5d$ ! citadel ( ,a!ns & enjoy$ its mon?ly honey-cakes2#eff ! ,roman g5ius loci appe>+ 9 ! =m ( ! snake 7,nullus enim locus s9e g5io e/1 qui p] anguem pl]umque o/5ditur72#efg ! old ,prussian s]p5t-wor%ip & (f]+ ( food to ! h\sehold snakes2#efh ! gold5 vip] ador$ by ! ,lomb>ds1 till ,b>batus got x 9 8 h&s & ! goldsmi?s made x into pat5 & *alice4#efi ,to ?is day1 ,europe has n =gott5 9 nurs]y tales or m s]i\s belief ! snake t comes ) its gold5 cr[n & dr9ks milk out ( ! *ild's porr+]2 ! h\se-snake1 tame & k9dly b seldom se51 t c>es = ! c[s & ! *ildr5 & gives om5s ( a dea? 9 ! family2 ! pair ( h\sehold snakes :i* h a my/ic connexion ( life & dea? ) ! husb& & h\sewife !mselves4#egj ,s]p5t-wor%ip1 app>5tly ( ! directe/ sort1 0 prom95t 9 ! indig5\s religions ( ,s\!rn ,asia4 ,x n[ ev5 appe>s to h ma9ta9$ no mean place 9 e>ly ,indian ,buddhism1 = ! sculptures ( ! ,san*i tope %[ sc5es ( adoration ( ! five-head$ snake-deity 9 8 temple1 p]=m$ by a race ( s]p5t-wor%ipp]s1 figuratively repres5t$ ) snakes gr[+ f _! %\ld]s1 & ^: raja himself has a five-head$ snake ar*+ hood-wise ov] 8 head4 ,"h1 moreov]1 ! totem-!ory comes into contact ) ophiolatry4 ,! ,sanskrit "n ( ! snake1 #8nga1' becomes also ! accept$ designation ( its ador]s1 & ?us my?ological int]pretation has to r$uce to reasonable s5se leg5ds ( s]p5t-races :o turn out to be simply s]p5t-wor%ipp]s1 tribes :o h f ! div9e reptiles at once _! g5]ic "n ( ,ngas1 & ) x _! imag9$ ance/ral desc5t f s]p5ts4#ega ,9 diff]5t ways1 ^! ,nga tribes ( ,s\? ,asia are on ! "o h& analogues ( ! ,snake ,indians ( ,am]ica1 & on ! o!r ( ! ,ophiog5es or ,s]p5t-race ( ! ,troad1 k9dr$ ( ! vip]s ^: bite !y c\ld cure by t\*1 & desc5dants ( an anci5t h]o trans=m$ into a snake4#egb ,s]p5ts hold a prom95t place 9 ! religions ( ! _w1 z ! inc>nations1 %r9es1 or symbols ( high deities4 ,su* 7 ! rattlesnake wor%ipp$ 9 ! ,nat*ez temple ( ! ,sun1 & ! snake belong+ 9 "n & figure to ! ,aztec deity ,quetzalcoatl2#egc ! snake z wor%ipp$ /ill by ! ,slave ,coa/ negro1 n = itself b = its indwell+ deity2#egd ! snake kept & f$ ) milk 9 ! temple ( ! old ,slavonic god ,potrimpos2#ege ! s]p5t-symbol ( ! heal+ deity ,asklepios1 :o abode 9 or manife/$ himself ?r\gh ! huge tame snakes kept 9 8 temples#egf 7x is d\btful :e!r ?is _h any orig9al connexion ) ! adoption ( ! snake1 f its r5ewal by ca/+ its old sl\gh1 z ! accept$ emblem ( new life or immortality 9 lat] symbolism72 & la/ly1 ! ,phnician s]p5t ) its tail 9 its m\?1 symbol ( ! _w & ( ! ,heav5-god ,taaut1 9 its orig9al mean+ p]haps a my?ic _w-snake l ! ,sc&9avian ,midg>d-worm1 b 9 ! *ang$ fancy ( lat] ages adapt$ into an emblem ( et]nity4#egg ,x sc>cely seems prov$ t savage races1 9 all _! my/ic contemplations ( ! s]p5t1 ev] develop$ out ( _! own m9ds ! idea1 to u s famili>1 ( adopt+ x z a p]sonification ( evil4#egh ,9 anci5t times1 we may ascribe ?is "* p]haps to ! mon/] ^: well-kn[n =m is to be se5 on ! mummy-cases1 ! ,apophis-s]p5t ( ! ,egyptian ,hades2#egi & x unequivocally belongs to ! de/roy+ s]p5t ( ! ,z>a?u/rians1 ,azhi ,dahka1#ehj a figure :i* be>s s rem>kable a relation to t ( ! ,semitic s]p5t ( ,ed51 :i* may possibly /& 9 hi/orical connexion ) x4 ,a wondr\s bl5d+ ( ! anci5t rites ( ,ophiolatry ) my/ic conceptions ( ,gno/icism appe>s 9 ! cultus :i* tradition 79 tru? or sl&]7 decl>es ! semi-,*ri/ian sect ( ,ophites to h r5d]$ to _! tame snake1 entic+ x out ( its *e/ to coil r\nd ! sacram5tal bread1 & wor%ipp+ x z repres5t+ ! great k+ f heav5 :o 9 ! beg9n+ gave to ! man & woman ! k ( ! my/]ies4#eha ,?us ! extreme types ( religi\s v5]ation1 f ! sob]e/ matt]-(-fact to ! dreamie/ my/icism1 f9d _! places 9 ! wor%ip ( animals4#ehb ,hi!rto 9 ! /udy ( animi/ic doctr9e1 our att5tion has be5 turn$ especially to ^? m9or spirits ^: functions conc]n ! clos] & n>r[] detail ( man's life & its surr\nd+s4 ,9 pass+ !nce to ! consid]ation ( div9e be+s ^: functions h a wid] scope1 ! transition may be well made ?r\gh a special gr\p4 ,an acute rem>k ( ,augu/e ,comte's calls att5tion to an important process ( !ological ?\ght1 :i* we may "h endeav\r to br+ z cle>ly z possible be=e our m9ds4 ,9 8 #8,philosophie ,positive1' he def9es deities prop] z diff]+ by _! g5]al & ab/ract "* f pure feti%es 7i4e41 animat$ objects71 ! humble feti% gov]n+ b a s+le object f :i* x is insep>able1 :ile ! gods adm9i/] a special ord] ( ph5om5a at once 9 diff]5t bodies4 ,:51 he cont9ues1 ! simil> vegetation ( ! diff]5t oaks ( a =e/ l$ to a !ological g5]alization f _! common ph5om5a1 ! ab/ract be+ ?us produc$ 0 no long] ! feti% ( a s+le tree1 b became ! god ( ! =e/2 "h1 !n1 is ! intellectual passage f feti%ism to poly!ism1 r$uc$ to ! inevitable prepond]ance ( specific ov] individual ideas4#ehc ,n[ ?is obs]vation ( ,comte's may be m imm$iately appli$ to a class ( div9e be+s :i* may be accurately call$ species-deities4 ,x is highly sugge/ive to /udy ! crude attempts ( b>b>ic !ology to acc\nt = ! uni=mity obs]v$ 9 l>ge classes ( objects1 by mak+ ?is g5]alization f individual to specific ideas4 ,to expla9 ! exi/5ce ( :at we call a species1 !y w\ld ref] x to a common ance/ral /ock1 or to an orig9al ar*etype1 or to a species-deity1 or !y comb9$ ^! conceptions4 ,= su* speculations1 classes ( plants & animals (f]$ p]haps an e>ly & c]ta9ly an easy subject4 ,! uni=mity ( ea* k9d n only sugge/$ a common p>5tage1 b also ! notion t creatures s want+ 9 individuality1 ) qualities s measur$ out z x 7 by l9e & rule1 might n be indep5d5t arbitr>y ag5ts1 b m]e copies f a common model1 or m]e in/rum5ts us$ by controll+ deities4 ,?us 9 ,polynesia1 z has be5 j m5tion$1 c]ta9 species ( animals 7 consid]$ z inc>nations ( c]ta9 deities1 & among ! ,samoans x appe>s t ! "q z to ! individuality ( su* creatures 0 actually ask$ & answ]$4 ,if1 = in/ance1 a village god 7 accu/om$ to appe> z an owl1 & "o ( 8 vot>ies f\nd a dead owl by ! roadside1 he w\ld m\rn ov] ! sacr$ bird & bury x ) mu* c]emony1 b ! god himself w\ld n be ?\ght to be dead1 = he rema9s inc>nate 9 all exi/+ owls4#ehd ,accord+ to ,fa!r ,g]onimo ,boscana1 ! ,acag*em5 tribe ( ,upp] ,cali=nia furni% a curi\s p>allel to ?is notion4 ,!y wor%ipp$ ! #8panes' bird1 :i* seems to h be5 an eagle or vulture1 & ea* ye>1 9 ! temple ( ea* village1 "o ( !m 0 solemnly kill$ )\t %$d+ blood1 & ! body burn$4 ,yet ! natives ma9ta9$ & believ$ t x 0 ! same individual bird !y sacrific$ ea* ye>1 & m ?an ?is1 t ! same bird 0 sla9 by ea* ( ! villages4#ehe ,among ! comp>atively cultur$ ,p]uvians1 ,aco/a describes ano!r !ory ( cele/ial ar*etypes4 ,speak+ ( />-deities1 he says t %eph]ds v5]at$ a c]ta9 /> call$ ,%eep1 ano!r /> call$ ,tig] protect$ m5 f tig]s1 c43 #8,& g5]ally1 ( all ! animals & birds !re are on ! e>?1 !y believ$ t a l "o liv$ 9 heav51 9 ^: *>ge 7 _! procreation & increase1 & ?us !y acc\nt$ ( div]s />s1 su* z t !y call ,*acana1 & ,topatorca1 & ,mamana1 & ,mizco1 & ,miquiquiray1 & o!r su*1 s t 9 a mann] x appe>s t !y 7 draw+ t[>ds ! dogma ( ! ,platonic ideas4'#ehf ,! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians also h speculat$ z to ! common ance/ors or deities ( species4 ,"o mission>y notes d[n _! idea z he f\nd x 9 #afcd4 #8,!y say1 moreov]1 t all ! animals ( ea* species h an eld] bro!r1 :o is z x 7 ! pr9ciple & orig9 ( all ! individuals1 & ?is eld] bro!r is m>vell\sly great & p[]ful4 ,! eld] bro!r ( ! beav]s1 !y told me1 is p]haps z l>ge z our cab94' ,ano!r e>ly acc\nt is t ea* species ( animals has its ar*etype 9 ! l& ( s\ls2 !re exi/s1 = example1 a manitu or ar*etype ( all ox51 :i* animates all ox54#ehg ,"h1 aga91 occurs a notewor?y correspond5ce ) ! ideas ( a di/ant race4 ,9 ,buyn1 ! isl& p>adise ( ,russian my?1 !re are to be f\nd ! ,snake old] ?an all snakes1 & ! prophetic ,rav51 eld] bro!r ( all rav5s1 & ! ,bird1 ! l>ge/ & olde/ ( all birds1 ) iron beak & copp] claws1 & ! ,"m ( ,bees1 elde/ among bees4#ehh ,morgan's comp>atively mod]n acc\nt ( ! ,iroquois m5tions _! belief 9 a _s ( ea* species ( trees & plants1 z ( oak1 hemlock1 maple1 :ortleb]ry1 raspb]ry1 spe>m9t1 tobacco2 mo/ objects ( nature be+ ?us "u ! c>e ( protect+ spirits4#ehi ,! doctr9e ( su* species-deities is p]haps n[h]e m def9itely /at$ ?an by ,ca/rn 9 8 #8,f9ni% ,my?ology4' ,9 8 description ( ! ,sib]ian nature-wor%ip1 ! l[e/ level is exemplifi$ by ! ,samoy$s1 ^: direct wor%ip ( natural objects = !mselves may p]haps indicate ! orig9al religi\s condition ( ! :ole ,turanian race4 ,b ! doctr9e ( ! comp>atively cultur$ hea!n ,f9ns 0 at a diff]5t /age4 ,"h e object 9 nature has a #8haltia1' a gu>dian deity or g5ius1 a be+ :i* 0 its creator & !nce=? became atta*$ to x4 ,^! deities or g5ii are1 h[ev]1 n b\nd to ea* s+le transitory object1 b are free p]sonal be+s :i* h movem5t1 =m1 body1 & s\l4 ,_! exi/5ce 9 no wise dep5ds on ! exi/5ce ( ! individual objects1 = al?\gh no object 9 nature is )\t its gu>dian deity1 ?is deity ext5ds to ! :ole race or species4 ,?is a%-tree1 ?is /one1 ?is h\se1 has inde$ its p>ticul> #8haltia1' yet ^! same #8haltiat' conc]n !mselves ) o!r a%-trees1 /ones1 & h\ses1 ( :i* ! individuals may p]i%1 b _! presid+ g5ii live on 9 ! species4#eij ,x seems z ?\gh "s simil> view ran ?r\gh ! doctr9e ( m civiliz$ races1 z 9 ! well-kn[n ,egyptian & ,greek examples :]e :ole species ( animals1 plants1 or ?+s1 /& z symbolic (1 & z protect$ by1 p>ticul> deities4 ,! ?\ght appe>s ) mo/ p]fect cle>ness 9 ! ,rabb9ical philosophy :i* apportions to ea* ( ! #bajj species1 ( plants = in/ance1 a presid+ angel 9 heav51 & assigns ?is z ! motive ( ! ,levitical prohibition ( mixtures among animals & plants4#eia ,! int]e/+ lik5ess po9t$ out by ,fa!r ,aco/a betwe5 ^! crude !ological conceptions & ! civiliz$ philosophical conceptions :i* h replac$ !m1 0 aga9 br\ght into view 9 ! la/ c5tury by ! ,presid5t ,de ,brosses1 9 comp>+ ! ,r$ ,indians' ar*etypes ( species ) ! ,platonic ar*etypal ideas4#eib ,z = animals & plants1 ! desire ( naturali/s to asc5d to primal unity to "s ext5t f9ds satisfaction 9 a !ory trac+ ea* species to an orig9 9 a s+le pair4 ,& ?\gh ?is is out ( ! "q ) inanimate objects1 our language seems 9 sugge/ive metaphor to lay hold on ! same ?\ght1 :5 we say ( a doz5 simil> swords1 or g>m5ts1 or *airs1 t !y h ! same patt]n 7patronus1 z x 7 fa!r71 :]eby !y 7 %ap$ f _! matt] 7mat]ia1 or "m sub/ance74 ,footnote #chh3 ,f4 ,r4 ,nixon1 #8,cruise ( ! ,beacon'2 ,bonwick1 p4 #ahb4 ,footnote #chi3 ,oldfield 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bbh4 ,footnote #cij3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,algic ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #da4 #8,indian ,tribes1' vol4 iii4 p4 #cbg4 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aia4 ,see also ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #age4 7,antilles ,isl&]s72 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #dhb4 ,footnote #cia3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #ij4 ,see also ,cross1 #8,k>5s1' 9 #8,j\rn4 ,am]4 ,or4 ,soc4' vol4 iv4 p4 #cae2 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bci4 ,footnote #cib3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aad1 #ahb1 c4 ,footnote #cic3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #bah1 #chh2 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aga4 ,footnote #cid3 ,philo1 ,de ,gigant4 ,i4 iv4 ,footnote #cie3 ,iambli*us1 ii4 ,footnote #cif3 ,collect$ passages 9 ,calmet1 #8,diss4 sur les ,esprits'2 ,hor/1 #8,zaub]-,biblio!k1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bfc1 c42 vol4 vi4 p4 #di1 c42 see ,migne's ,diction>ies4 ,footnote #cig3 ,calmet1 #8,diss]tation sur les ,esprits1' vol4 i4 *4 xlviii4 ,footnote #cih3 ,gaume1 #8,l',eau ,bnite au ,x,i,xme ,sicle1' pp4 #bie1 #cda4 ,footnote #cii3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cca4 ,footnote #djj3 ,backh\se1 #8,au/ralia1' p4 #eee2 ,grey1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ccg4 ,footnote #dja3 ,mason1 #8,k>5s1' l4c4 p4 #baa4 ,footnote #djb3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iii4 p4 #bbf4 ,footnote #djc3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,antilles1' p4 #dai4 ,footnote #djd3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #aaic2 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #ccb2 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #ei2 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]glaube1' p4 #abb2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #ajc2 ,br&1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bgi4 ,! m>e 9 nightm>e means _s1 elf1 or nymph2 comp>e ,anglo-,sax4 wudumre 7wood-m>e7 e*o4 ,footnote #dje3 #8,vita del ,amm4 ,*ri/(oro ,colombo1' *4 xiii42 & #8,life ( ,colon1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xii4 p4 #hd4 ,footnote #djf3 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' pp4 #adi1 #chi4 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #aai4 ,footnote #djg3 ,hg/rm1 #8,lapm>k1' *4 xi4 ,footnote #djh3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aea4 ,see also ,borri1 #8,co*9-,*9a1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 ix4 p4 #hbc4 ,footnote #dji3 ,augu/94 #8,de ,civ4 ,dei1' xv4 #bc3 #8,et quoniam creb]rima fama e/1 multique se exp]tos1 vel ab eis qui exp]ti ess5t1 de quorum fide dubit&um non esset1 audisse confirmant1 ,silvanos et ,faunos1 quos vulgo incubos vocant1 improbos spe extitisse muli]ibus1 et e>um appetisse ac p]egisse concubitum2 et quosdam dmones1 quos ,dusios ,galli nuncupant1 hanc assidue immunditiam et t5t>e et effic]e2 plures talesque assev]ant1 ut hoc neg>e impud5ti videatur2 non h9c aliquid audeo def9ire1 utrum aliqui spiritus 444 poss9t etiam hanc pati libid9em2 ut 444 s5ti5tibus fem9ibus misceantur4' ,see also ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' pp4 #ddi1 #dgi2 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #ccb2 ,cockayne1 #8,lee*doms ( ,e>ly ,engl&1' vol4 i4 p4 xxxviii41 vol4 ii4 p4 #cde4 ,footnote #daj3 ,! #8,malleus ,malefic>um' 0 publi%$ ab\t #adhi4 ,see on ! g5]al subject1 ,hor/1 #8,zaub]-,biblio!k1' vol4 vi42 ,ennemos]1 #8,magic1' vol4 ii42 ,maury1 #8,magie1' c4 p4 #bef2 ,lecky1 #8,hi/1 ( ,rationalism1' vol4 i4 ,footnote #daa3 ,burton1 #8,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1' iii4 #b4 #8,unum dix]o1 non op9>i me ullo retro vo tantam copiam ,satyrorum1 et salacium i/orum ,g5iorum se o/5disse1 quantum nunc quotidian n>rationes1 et judiciales s5t5ti pr(]unt4' ,footnote #dab3 ,j4 ,r4 ,=/]1 #8,obs]vations dur+ ,voyage r\nd ,_w1' p4 #edc4 ,footnote #dac3 ,cross1 #8,k>5s1' l4c4 p4 #cab4 ,footnote #dad3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 p4 #cjg4 ,footnote #dae3 ,j4 ,v4 ,grohmann1 #8,ab]glaub5 aus ,bhm51' c41 p4 #bd2 ,calmet1 #8,diss4 sur les ,esprits1' vol4 ii42 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #ajdh1 c42 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #di2 see ,ral/on1 #8,songs ( ,russian ,p1' p4 #dji4 ,footnote #daf3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfh4 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #bdf1 c4 ,footnote #dag3 ,grey1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cjb4 ,see also ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' p4 #ahj4 ,footnote #dah3 ,s\!y1 #8,brazil1' "p i4 p4 #bch4 ,see also ,ro*e=t1 p4 #dah2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bgc 7,c>ibs72 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #cja2 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iii4 p4 #adj4 ,footnote #dai3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 pp4 #bgj1 #bih2 vol4 ii4 #8,n4 ,s4' p4 #aag4 ,footnote #dbj3 ,rob]ts1 #8,ori5tal ,illu/rations1' p4 #eca2 ,colebrook 9 #8,z4 ,res4' vol4 vii4 p4 #bgd4 ,footnote #dba3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #gg4 ,footnote #dbb3 ,hylt5-,cavallius1 #8,wr5d o* ,wird>ne1' vol4 i4 p4 #aia2 ,atk9son1 #8,gloss>y ( ,clevel& ,dial4' p4 #eig4 7,pr(4 ,liebre*t1 9 #8,zeits*rift fr ,e?nologie1' vol4 v4 #ahgc1 p4 #ii1 adds comp>ison ( ! /ill usual ,g]man cu/om ( keep+ a light burn+ 9 ! ly+-9 room till ! *ild is baptiz$ 7,wuttke1 #bnd ed4 ,no4 #ehc71 & ! simil> anci5t ,roman practice :5ce ! goddess ,c&elif]a _h h] "n 7note to #bnd4 ed4747 ,footnote #dbc3 ,m>t91 #8,we/]n ,isl&s1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 iii4 p4 #fab4 ,footnote #dbd3 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #dd4 ,footnote #dbe3 ,rituale ,romanum2 ,b5$ictio ,c&el>um4 ,br&1 #8,popul> ,antiquities1' vol4 i4 p4 #df4 ,footnote #dbf3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfg1 see #bif4 ,footnote #dbg3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #ajj4 ,footnote #dbh3 ,hom]1 ,odyss1 xvi4 #afj4 ,footnote #dbi3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #fcb4 ,footnote #dcj3 ,eis5m5g]1 #8,jud5?um1' "p i4 p4 #hgb4 ,lane1 #8,?\s& & ,"o ,nights1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ef4 ,footnote #dca3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #afb4 ,o!r localities 9 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iv4 p4 #ccc4 ,footnote #dcb3 ,tickell 9 #8,j\rn4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,b5gal1' vol4 ix4 p4 #gie4 ,! dirge is giv5 above1 p4 #cb4 ,footnote #dcc3 ,de ,brosses1 #8,dieux ,fti*es1' p4 #df4 ,footnote #dcd3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 p4 #gi4 ,footnote #dce3 ,tractat4 ,b]a*o?4 ,footnote #dcf3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' pp4 #dbj1 #aaag2 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #ed4 ,see also ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cbe2 ,ts*udi1 #8,p]u1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cee4 ,footnote #dcg3 ,br&1 #8,popul> ,antiquities1' vol4 i4 p4 #aic4 ,see ,boecl]1 #8,eh/5 ,ab]gl4' p4 #gc4 ,footnote #dch3 ,t]tullian1 ,de ,c>ne ,*ri/i1 vi42 ,adv4 ,m>cion1 ii42 ,orig51 ,de ,pr9cip4 i4 #g4 ,see ,hor/1 l4c4 ,calmet1 #8,diss]tation1' vol4 i4 *4 xlvi4 ,footnote #dci3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #bag4 ,see ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #djb4 ,footnote #ddj3 ,pallas1 #8,reis51' vol4 i4 p4 #cfj4 ,footnote #dda3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #abab2 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]glaube1' p4 #aai2 see ,hyltn-,cavallius1 "p i4 p4 #agh 7,sw$574 ,footnote #ddb3 ,oldfield1 #8,abor4 ( ,au/ralia1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bdj4 ,footnote #ddc3 ,bonwick1 #8,tasmanians1' p4 #ahb4 ,footnote #ddd3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfh2 ,eg$e1 p4 #ahg4 ,footnote #dde3 ,mol9a1 #8,*ili1' vol4 ii4 p4 #hf4 ,footnote #ddf3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' pp4 #daf1 #dbi2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #aga1 #bag4 ,footnote #ddg3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ahb2 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #chg2 ,/e9haus]1 l4c4 p4 #acd4 ,comp>e ,callaway1 p4 #cbg1 c4 ,footnote #ddh3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #gg4 ,footnote #ddi3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 iii4 p4 #bge4 ,footnote #dej3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #hbi2 ,ro*holz1 #8,deuts*] ,glaube1' "p i4 p4 #ib2 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #bdg4 ,footnote #dea3 ,m5&]1 #bje1 9 ,clem5t4 ,/romat42 ,x5ophon1 ,memor4 ,socr42 ,plato1 ,apol4 ,socr4 c4 ,see ,plot94 ,ennead4 iii4 #d2 ,porphyr4 ,plot94 ,footnote #deb3 ,paulus ,diaconus3 #8,g5ium appellant ,deum1 qui vim obt9]et r]um omnium g5]&>um4' ,c5sor94 de ,die ,natali1 #c3 #8,eundem esse g5ium et l>em1 multi vet]es memori prodid]unt4' ,tibull4 ,eleg4 i4 #b1 #g2 ,ovid4 ,tri/4 iii4 #ac1 #ah1 v4 #e1 #aj2 ,horat4 ,epi/4 ii4 #a1 #adj1 ,od4 iv4 #aa1 #g4 ,appian4 de ,bellis ,p>?4 p4 #aef4 ,t]tullian1 ,apol4 xxiii4 ,footnote #dec3 ,s]v4 9 ,virg4 n4 vi4 #gdc3 #8,cum nascimur1 duos g5ios sortimur3 unus hortatur ad bona1 alt] depravat ad mala1 quibus assi/5tibus po/ mortem aut ass]imur 9 meliorem vitam1 aut condemnamur 9 det]iorem4' ,horat4 ,epi/4 ii4 #ahg2 ,val]4 ,max4 i4 #g2 ,plut>*1 ,brutus4 ,see ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop42' ,smi?'s #8,dic4 ( ,biog4 ,my?4' s4v4 #8g5ius4' ,footnote #ded3 ,acta ,sanctorum ,boll&43 ,s4 ,francisca ,romana ix4 ,m>t4 ,calmet1 #8,diss]tation1' *4 iv4 xxx42 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #adj1 #cdg1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aj2 ,wright1 #8,/4 ,patrick's ,purgatory1' p4 #cc4 ,footnote #dee3 ,ro*holz1 p4 #ic4 ,footnote #def3 ,bull1 #8,s]mons1' #bnd ed4 ,london1 #agad1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ejf4 ,footnote #deg3 ,sw$5borg1 #8,true ,*ri/ian ,religion1' p4 #chj4 ,see also ,a4 ,j4 ,davis1 #8,philosophy ( ,spiritual ,int]c\rse1' p4 #ch4 ,footnote #deh3 ,d4 ,monni]1 #8,traditions ,populaires1' p4 #g4 ,footnote #dei3 ,l4 ,h4 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #fd4 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcf1 p4 #ajg4 ,see ,s*oolcraft1 #8,tribes1' vol4 iii4 p4 #ccg4 ,footnote #dfj3 ,/e9haus]1 #8,religion des ,neg]s1' 9 #8,magaz9 d] ,evang4 ,mission51' ,basel1 #ahef2 ,no4 #b1 p4 #abg1 c4 ,footnote #dfa3 ,pla?1 #8,religion d] alt5 ,*9es51' "p i4 p4 #dd4 ,footnote #dfb3 ,oldfield1 #8,abor4 ( ,au/r4' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bcb4 ,footnote #dfc3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' pp4 #dg1 #bfe4 ,footnote #dfd3 ,ovi$o1 #8,nic>agua1' 9 ,t]naux-,compans1 "p xiv4 pp4 #acb1 #afj4 ,comp>e ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 ii4 p4 #afi4 ,footnote #dfe3 ,creswick1 #8,veys1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #cei4 ,see ,du ,*aillu1 #8,a%ango-l&1' p4 #ajf4 ,footnote #dff3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcf1 p4 #ajh4 ,long's ,exp4 vol4 i4 p4 #df4 ,see ,loskiel1 #8,indians ( ,n4 ,a4' "p i4 p4 #de4 ,footnote #dfg3 ,= details ( ! belief 9 wat]-spirits z ! cause ( dr[n+1 see ante1 vol4 i4 p4 #aji4 ,footnote #dfh3 ,oldfield 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #cbh2 ,eyre1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cfb2 ,grey1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cci2 ,ba/ian1 #8,vor/ellung5 von ,wass] und ,feu]1' 9 #8,zeits*rift fr ,e?nologie1' vol4 i4 7conta9s a g5]al collection ( details z to wat]-wor%ip74 ,footnote #dfi3 ,comp>e ,john ,morgan1 #8,life ( ,william ,buckley'2 ,bonwick1 p4 #bjc2 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #dh1 ) ,=bes ,leslie1 ,br&1 c4 ,footnote #dgj3 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfg4 ,footnote #dga3 ,tann]1 #8,n>r4' p4 #cda2 ,c>v]1 #8,travels1' p4 #chc2 ,frankl91 #8,j\rney to ,pol> ,sea1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bde2 ,lubbock1 #8,orig9 ( ,civilization1' pp4 #bac-bj 7conta9s details z to wat]-wor%ip72 see ,br9ton1 p4 #abd4 ,footnote #dgb3 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 #8,p]uvian ,ant4' p4 #afa2 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm4 ,real4' i4 #aj4 ,see also ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrelig4' pp4 #beh1 #bfj1 #bhb4 ,footnote #dgc3 ,krapf1 #8,e4 ,afr4' p4 #aih2 ,/e9haus]1 l4c4 p4 #aca2 ,villault 9 ,a/ley1 vol4 i4 p4 #ffh2 ,backh\se1 #8,afr4' p4 #bcj2 ,callaway1 #8,zulu ,tales1' vol4 i4 p4 #ij2 ,ba/ian1 l4c4 ,footnote #dgd3 ,ca/rn1 #8,vorlesung5 b] die ,altais*5 ,vlk]1' p4 #aad4 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #gj4 ,atk9son1 #8,sib]ia1' p4 #ddd4 ,boecl]1 #8,eh/5 ,ab]glub4 ,gebru*e1' ed4 ,kreutzwald1 p4 #f4 ,footnote #dge3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #afd2 ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal4' p4 #ahd4 ,see also ,lubbock1 l4c42 ,=bes ,leslie1 #8,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1' vol4 i4 p4 #afc1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dig4 ,footnote #dgf3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bjf1 c4 ,footnote #dgg3 ,hom]1 ,il4 xx4 xxi4 ,see ,glad/one1 #8,juv5tus ,mundi1' pp4 #aij1 #cde1 c41 c4 ,footnote #dgh3 ,cosmas1 book iii4 p4 #aig1 #8sup]/itiosas in/itutiones1 quas villani adhuc semipagani 9 ,p5teco/5 t]tia sive qu>ta f]ia obs]vabant (f]5tes libam9a sup] fontes mactabant victimas et dmonibus immolabant4' ,footnote #dgi3 ,po5it5tiale ,ecgb]ti1 ii4 #bb1 #8gif hwilc man 8 lmessan gehte o?! br+e to hwilcon wylle2' iv4 #ai1 #8gif hw 8 wccan t nigum wylle hbbe4' ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #edi1 c4 ,see ,hyltn-,cavallius1 #8,wr5d o* ,wird>ne1' "p i4 pp4 #aca1 #aga 7,sw$574 ,footnote #dhj3 ,grohmann1 #8,ab]glaub5 aus ,bhm5 und ,mhr51' p4 #dc1 c4 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #bia1 c4 ,ral/on1 #8,songs ( ,russian ,p1' p4 #aci1 c4 ,footnote #dha3 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #df4 ,simil> ideas 9 ,grohmann1 p4 #dd4 ,eis5m5g]1 #8,entd4 ,jud5?um1' "p i4 p4 #dbf4 ,footnote #dhb3 ,maury1 #8,magie1' c41 p4 #aeh4 ,br&1 #8,pop4 ,ant4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cff1 c4 ,hunt1 #8,pop4 ,rom4 #bnd ,s]ies1' p4 #dj1 c4 ,=bes ,leslie1 #8,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1' vol4 i4 p4 #aef1 c4 ,footnote #dhc3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 p4 #cjg4 ,footnote #dhd3 ,beek]1 #8,dyaks1' 9 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iii4 p4 #aaa4 ,footnote #dhe3 ,m>sd51 #8,sumatra1' p4 #cja4 ,footnote #dhf3 ,s4 ,s4 ,f>m]1 #8,tonga1' p4 #abg4 ,footnote #dhg3 ,ba/ian1 #8,d] ,baum 9 v]glei*5d] ,e?nologie1' 9 ,laz>us & ,/e9?al's #8,zeits*rift fr ,vlk]psy*ologie1' c41 vol4 v4 #ahfh4 ,footnote #dhh3 ,*r4 ,colombo1 *4 xix42 & 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xii4 p4 #hg4 ,footnote #dhi3 ,burton1 #8,w4 ,w4 fr4 ,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #bje1 #bdc4 ,footnote #dij3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ahh4 ,footnote #dia3 ,bosman1 lett] #ai1 & 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #ejj4 ,footnote #dib3 ,krapf1 #8,e4 ,afr4' p4 #gg2 ,pri*>d1 #8,n4 ,h4 ( ,man1' p4 #bij2 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eah4 ,see also ,m]olla1 #8,congo1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #bcf4 ,footnote #dic3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 pp4 #deg1 #dfa1 vol4 iii4 pp4 #ahg1 #bea1 #bhi1 #dig4 ,= details ( tree-wor%ip f o!r ,asiatic di/ricts1 see ,a9swor?1 #8,yezidis1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 p4 #bc2 ,jno4 ,wilson1 #8,p>si ,religion1' p4 #bfb4 ,footnote #did3 ,h>dy1 #8,manual ( ,budhism1' pp4 #ajj1 #ddc4 ,footnote #die3 ,f]gusson1 #8,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip1' pl4 xxiv4 xxvi4 c4 ,footnote #dif3 ,tab>y 9 ,ba/ian1 l4c4 p4 #bie4 ,footnote #dig3 ,h>tkno*1 #8,alt4 und ,neues ,preuss51' "p i4 *4 v4 ,footnote #dih3 ,see ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop$ie4' ,hom]4 ,odyss4 xiv4 #cbg1 xix4 #bif4 ,footnote #dii3 ,hymn4 ,hom]4 ,aphrod4 #beg4 ,footnote #ejj3 ,ausonii ,idyll4 ,de ,hi/or4 #g4 ,footnote #eja3 ,apollon4 ,rhod4 ,argonautica1 ii4 #dgf4 ,see ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 iii4 p4 #eg4 ,footnote #ejb3 ,ovid4 ,metamm4 i4 #deb1 ii4 #cde1 xi4 #fg4 ,footnote #ejc3 ,dante1 #8,div9a ,comm$ia1' #8,inf]no1' canto xiii4 ,footnote #ejd3 ,ario/o1 #8,orl&o ,furioso1' canto vi4 ,footnote #eje3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #fae1 c4 ,ba/ian1 #8,d] ,baum1' l4c4 p4 #big2 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #cac4 ,footnote #ejf3 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]glaube1' p4 #eg1 see #ahc4 ,footnote #ejg3 ,euseb4 #8,prp4 ,evang4' i4 #aj4 ,footnote #ejh3 ,fur!r details z to tree-wor%ip 9 ,ba/ian1 #8,d] ,baum1' c41 "h cit$2 ,lubbock1 #8,orig9 ( ,civilization1' p4 #bjf1 c42 ,f]gusson1 #8,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip1' c4 ,footnote #eji3 ,ba/ian1 #8,d] ,baum1' l4c4 c4 ,footnote #eaj3 ,irv+1 #8,a/oria1' vol4 ii4 *4 viii4 ,footnote #eaa3 ,d>w91 #8,j\rnal1' p4 #fh4 ,footnote #eab3 ,polack1 #8,new ,z4' vol4 ii4 p4 #f2 ,taylor1 p4 #aga1 see #ii4 ,footnote #eac3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #hi4 ,footnote #ead3 ,wallace1 #8,ea/]n ,ar*ipelago1' vol4 i4 p4 #cch4 ,footnote #eae3 ,pri*>d1 #8,nat4 ,hi/4 ( ,man1' p4 #eca4 ,footnote #eaf3 ,m]olla 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #bcf4 ,footnote #eag3 ,lubbock1 p4 #aic2 ,ba/ian1 l4c42 ,p>k1 #8,travels1' vol4 i4 pp4 #fd1 #ajf4 ,footnote #eah3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #hf1 c41 #aia1 c42 ,la?am1 #8,descr4 ,e?4' vol4 i4 p4 #cfc2 ,simpson1 #8,j\rney1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bfa4 ,footnote #eai3 ,boecl]1 #8,eh/5 ,ab]glubis*e ,gebru*e1' c41 ed4 ,kreutzwald1 pp4 #b1 #aab1 #adf4 ,footnote #ebj3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' pp4 #afe1 #agc4 ,footnote #eba3 ,macph]son1 p4 #fa4 ,footnote #ebb3 ,dalton1 #8,kols1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #cd4 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi54' vol4 i4 p4 #acd1 vol4 iii4 p4 #beb4 ,footnote #ebc3 ,deut4 xii4 #c2 xvi4 #ba4 ,judges vi4 #be4 #a ,k+s xiv4 #bc2 xv4 #ac2 xviii4 #ai4 #b ,k+s xvii4 #aj2 xxiii4 #d4 ,is4 lvii4 #e4 ,j]em4 xvii4 #b4 ,ezek4 vi4 #ac2 xx4 #bh4 ,hos4 iv4 #ac1 c41 c4 ,footnote #ebd3 ,sil4 ,ital4 ,punica1 iii4 #fge1 #fij4 ,h>du91 ,acta ,conciliorum1 vol4 i4 ,= fur!r evid5ce z to ,semitic tree-&-grove wor%ip1 see ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 p4 #efj1 c4 ,footnote #ebe3 ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal1' pp4 #aca1 #aid4 ,footnote #ebf3 ,boehtl+k & ,ro?1 s4v4 #8*aityat>u4' ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bjd4 ,footnote #ebg3 ,ovid4 ,metamm4 viii4 #gda4 ,footnote #ebh3 ,cato de ,re ,ru/ica1 #aci2 ,pl94 xvii4 #dg4 ,footnote #ebi3 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' pp4 #ih1 #bbi4 ,h>tkno*1 "p i4 *4 v4 vii42 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #fg4 ,footnote #ecj3 ,maxim4 ,tyr4 viii42 ,pl94 xvi4 #ie4 ,footnote #eca3 ,tacit4 ,g]mania1 #i1 #ci1 c42 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #ff4 ,footnote #ecb3 ,hyltn-,cavallius1 #8,wr5d o* ,wird>ne1' "p i4 p4 #adb4 ,footnote #ecc3 ,ral/on1 #8,songs ( ,russian ,p1' p4 #aec1 see #bch4 ,footnote #ecd3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #fb1 c4 ,footnote #ece3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bgf4 ,footnote #ecf3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,com5t>ios ,reales1' i4 *4 ix4 c4 ,footnote #ecg3 ,m>sd51 #8,sumatra1' p4 #cjc4 ,footnote #ech3 ,petron4 ,arb4 ,fragm42 ,/atius1 iii4 ,!b4 #ffa4 ,footnote #eci3 ,see ante1 *4 xi4 ,footnote #edj3 ,m\hot1 #8,indo-,*9a1' vol4 i4 p4 #beb4 ,footnote #eda3 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 v4 p4 #ddc4 ,footnote #edb3 ,w4 ,m4 ,wood 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iv4 p4 #cf4 ,footnote #edc3 ,simpson1 #8,j\rney1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bfi2 ,erman1 #8,sib]ia1' vol4 i4 p4 #dib2 ,la?am1 #8,descr4 ,e?4' vol4 i4 p4 #def2 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iv4 p4 #eij4 ,footnote #edd3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #ccf4 ,footnote #ede3 ,f>m]1 #8,tonga1' p4 #abf2 ,m>9]1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ajf4 ,footnote #edf3 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bag1 c4 ,footnote #edg3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bch4 ,footnote #edh3 ,%ortl&1 #8,trads4 ( ,n4 ,z4' *4 iv4 ,footnote #edi3 ,m>sd51 #8,sumatra1' p4 #bib4 ,footnote #eej3 ,loskiel1 #8,ind4 ( ,n4 ,a4' "p i4 p4 #dj2 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 i4 p4 #cf2 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #cd1 "p v4 p4 #feb2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aij4 ,footnote #eea3 ,see ante1 p4 #h2 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #aif4 ,footnote #eeb3 ,/e9haus]1 #8,religion des ,neg]s1' l4c4 p4 #acc4 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #baj1 #bah4 ,s*legel1 #8,ewe-,spra*e1' p4 xv4 ,footnote #eec3 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' lett] #ai2 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #dii4 ,see ,burton1 #8,dahome1' *4 iv41 xvii4 ,an acc\nt ( ! ,vaud\x s]p5t-wor%ip /ill c>ri$ on among ! negroes ( ,hayti1 9 #8,lipp9cott's ,magaz9e1' ,philadelphia1 ,m>*1 #ahgj4 ,footnote #eed3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aif1 see #bbh4 ,footnote #eee3 ,j4 ,f4 ,mc,lennan 9 #8,=tnightly ,review1' #ahfi-gj2 repr9t$ 9 #8,/udies 9 ,anci5t ,hi/ory1' #bnd ,s]ies1 pp4 #aag1 #dia4 ,footnote #eef3 ,john ,long1 #8,voyages & ,travels ( an ,indian ,int]pret]1' ,london1 #agia1 p4 #hf4 ,see pp4 #bcc1 #daa ( pres5t volume4 ,footnote #eeg3 ,grey1 #8,j\rnals ( ,exp$itions 9 ,n4 ,w4 ,w4 ,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #bbe-i2 #8,ar*ologia ,am]icana1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aji4 ,footnote #eeh3 ,j4 ,g4 ,fraz]1 #8,totemism1' p4 #ec2 #8,gold5 ,b\gh1' #bnd ed4 vol4 iii4 pp4 #dai1 #dbc4 ,footnote #eei3 ,codr+ton1 #8,melanesians1' pp4 #cb-c1 #agj4 ,footnote #efj3 ,sp5c] & ,gill51 #8,native ,tribes ( ,c5tral ,au/ralia1' #ahii1 pp4 #gc1 #aba4 ,footnote #efa3 ,g5]al ref]5ces 9 ,j4 ,f4 ,mc,lennan1 #8,/udies 9 ,anci5t ,hi/ory2' ,j4 ,g4 ,fraz]1 #8,totemism4' ,footnote #efb3 ,h]od4 ii42 ,plut>*1 ,de ,iside ,osiride2 ,/rabo1 xvii4 #a2 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg41' edit$ by ,bir*1 vol4 iii42 ,buns51 #bnd ,edition1 ) notes by ,bir*1 vol4 i4 ,footnote #efc3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aie1 c4 ,footnote #efd3 ,s*oolcraft1 "p iii4 p4 #bca2 ,br9ton1 p4 #ajh1 c4 ,footnote #efe3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,com5t>ios ,reales1' i4 #i4 ,footnote #eff3 ,h]odot4 viii4 #da4 ,footnote #efg3 ,s]vius ad n4 v4 #ie4 ,footnote #efh3 ,h>tkno*1 #8,preuss51' "p i4 pp4 #adc1 #afb4 ,footnote #efi3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #fdh4 ,footnote #egj3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #fej4 ,ro*holz1 #8,deuts*] ,glaube1' c41 vol4 i4 p4 #adf4 ,monni]1 #8,traditions ,populaires1' p4 #fdd4 ,grohmann1 #8,ab]glaub5 aus ,bhm51' c41 p4 #gh4 ,ral/on1 #8,songs ( ,russian ,p1' p4 #age4 ,footnote #ega3 ,f]gusson #8,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip1' p4 #ee1 c41 pl4 xxiv4 ,mc,lennan l4c4 p4 #efc1 c4 ,footnote #egb3 ,/rabo1 xiii4 #a1 #ad4 ,footnote #egc3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #fb1 #ehe4 ,footnote #egd3 ,j4 ,b4 ,s*legel1 #8,ewe-,spra*e1' p4 xiv4 ,footnote #ege3 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #bag4 ,footnote #egf3 ,pausan4 ii4 #bh2 lian1 xvi4 #ci4 ,see ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 ii4 p4 #gcd4 ,footnote #egg3 ,macrob4 ,saturnal4 i4 #i4 ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 p4 #ejj4 ,footnote #egh3 ,details su* z 9 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,ind4 ,tribes1' "p i4 pp4 #ch1 #dad1 may be ascrib$ to ,*ri/ian int]c\rse4 ,see ,br9ton1 p4 #aba4 ,footnote #egi3 ,lepsius1 #8,todt5bu*1' & ,bir*'s transl4 9 ,buns5's #8,egypt1' vol4 v4 ,footnote #ehj3 ,spiegel1 #8,ave/a1' vol4 i4 p4 #ff1 vol4 iii4 p4 lix4 ,footnote #eha3 ,epiphan4 ,adv4 ,hres4 xxxvii4 ,t]tullian4 ,de ,prscript4 contra ,hreticos1 #dg4 ,footnote #ehb3 ,fur!r collections ( evid5ce relat+ to ,zoolatry 9 g5]al may be f\nd 9 ,ba/ian1 #8,das ,?i] 9 se9] my?ologis*5 ,b$eutung1' 9 ,ba/ian & ,h>tmann's #8,zeits*rift fr ,e?nologie1' vol4 i41 ,me9]s1 #8,ges*i*te d] ,religion51' vol4 i4 ,footnote #ehc3 ,comte1 #8,philosophie ,positive1' vol4 v4 p4 #aja4 ,footnote #ehd3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bdb4 ,footnote #ehe3 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #aje4 ,footnote #ehf3 ,aco/a1 #8,hi/oria de las ,indias1' book v4 c4 iv42 ,riv]o ,ts*udi1 pp4 #afa1 #agi2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #cfe4 ,footnote #ehg3 ,le ,jeune 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4 dans la ,n\velle ,france1' #afcd1 p4 #ac4 ,lafitau1 #8,murs des ,sauvages1' vol4 i4 p4 #cgj4 ,see also ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aid2 ,s*oolcraft1 "p iii4 p4 #cbg4 ,footnote #ehh3 ,ral/on1 #8,songs ( ! ,russian ,p1' p4 #cge4 ,! ,slavonic my? ( ,buyn ) its dripp+ oak & ! snake ,g>af5a ly+ b5ea?1 is obvi\sly connect$ ) ! ,sc&9avian my? ( ! dripp+ a%1 ,yggdrasill1 ! snake ,nidhgg bel[1 & ! two ,swans ( ! ,urdh>f\nt1 p>5ts ( all swans4 ,footnote #ehi3 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #afb4 ,footnote #eij3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #ajf1 #afj1 #ahi1 c4 ,footnote #eia3 ,eis5m5g]1 #8,jud5?um1' "p ii4 p4 #cgf2 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 iii4 p4 #aid4 ,footnote #eib3 ,de ,brosses1 #8,dieux ,fti*es1' p4 #eh4 ,,*apt] ,,xvi4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,high] ,deities ( ,poly!ism--,human *>act]i/ics appli$ to ,deity--,lords ( ,spiritual ,hi]>*y--,poly!ism3 its c\rse ( developm5t 9 l[] & high] ,culture--,pr9ciples ( its inve/igation2 classification ( ,deities accord+ to c5tral conceptions ( _! significance & function--,heav5-god--,ra9-god--,?und]-g od--,w9d gods--,e>?-god--,wat]-god--,sea-god--,fi re-god--,sun-god--,moon-god4 ,survey+ ! religions ( ! _w & /udy+ ! descriptions ( deity among race aft] race1 we may recur to old polemical t]ms 9 ord] to def9e a dom9ant idea ( !ology at l>ge4 ,man s habitually ascribes to 8 deities human %ape1 human passions1 human nature1 t we may decl>e him an ,an?ropomorphite1 an ,an?ropopa?ite1 & 7to complete ! s]ies7 an ,an?ropophysite4 ,9 ?is /ate ( religi\s ?\ght1 prevail+ z x does ?r\gh s imm5se a range among mank9d1 "o ( ! /ronge/ confirmations may be f\nd ( ! !ory "h advanc$ conc]n+ ! developm5t ( ,animism4 ,?is !ory t ! conception ( ! human s\l is ! v #8fons et origo' ( ! conceptions ( _s & deity 9 g5]al1 has be5 already v\*$ = by ! fact ( human s\ls be+ held to pass into ! *>act]s ( good & evil demons1 & to asc5d to ! rank ( deities4 ,b beyond ?is1 z we consid] ! nature ( ! great gods ( ! nations1 9 :om ! va/e/ functions ( ! univ]se are ve/$1 x w /ill be app>5t t ^! mighty deities are modell$ on human s\ls1 t 9 great measure _! feel+ & sympa?y1 _! "* & habit1 _! w & action1 ev5 _! mat]ial & =m1 display ?r\gh\t _! adaptations1 exagg]ations & di/ortions1 *>act]i/ics %ap$ ^u ^? ( ! human _s4 ,! key to inve/igation ( ! ,dii ,majorum ,g5tium ( ! _w is ! reflex ( humanity1 & z we behold _! figures 9 _! prop] di/ricts ( !ology1 memory ev] br+s back ! ,psalmi/'s words1 #8,?\ ?\ghte/ ,i 0 altoge!r z ?yself4' ,! high] deities ( ,poly!ism h _! places 9 ! g5]al animi/ic sy/em ( mank9d4 ,among nation aft] nation x is /ill cle> h[1 man be+ ! type ( deity1 human society & gov]nm5t became ! model on :i* div9e society & gov]nm5t 7 %ap$4 ,z *iefs & k+s are among m51 s are ! great gods among ! less] spirits4 ,!y diff] f ! s\ls & m9or spiritual be+s :i* we h z yet *iefly consid]$1 b ! diff]5ce is r ( rank ?an ( nature4 ,!y are p]sonal spirits1 reign+ ov] p]sonal spirits4 ,above ! disembodi$ s\ls & manes1 ! local g5ii ( rocks & f\nta9s & trees1 ! ho/ ( good & evil demons1 & ! re/ ( ! spiritual commonality1 /& ^! mighti] deities1 ^: influ5ce is less conf9$ to local or individual int]e/s1 & :o1 z x pleases !m1 c act directly )9 _! va/ doma91 or control & op]ate ?r\gh ! l[] be+s ( _! k9d1 _! s]vants1 ag5ts1 or m$iators4 ,! great gods ( ,poly!ism1 num]\s & elaborately def9$ 9 ! !ology ( ! cultur$ _w1 d n h[ev] make _! e>lie/ appe>ance !re4 ,9 ! religions ( ! l[] races _! pr9cipal types 7 already ca/1 & !nce=w>d1 = _m an age ( progress+ or relaps+ culture1 x became ! "w ( poet & prie/1 leg5d-mong] & hi/orian1 !ologian & philosoph]1 to develop & r5ew1 to degrade & aboli%1 ! mighty lords ( ! ,pan!on4 ,) little exception1 :]ev] a savage or b>b>ic sy/em ( religion is ?or\ghly describ$1 great gods make _! appe>ance 9 ! spiritual _w z di/9ctly z *iefs 9 ! human tribe4 ,9 ! li/s1 x is true1 !re are set d[n great deities1 good or evil1 :o probably came 9 f mod]n ,*ri/ian mission>y tea*+1 or o!rwise by contact ) =eign religions4 ,x is (t5 difficult to di/+ui% f ^! ! true local gods1 animi/ic figures ( native mean+ & orig94 ,among ! foll[+ poly!i/ic sy/ems1 examples may be f\nd ( su* comb9ations1 ) ! complex !ological problems !y sugge/4 ,among ! ,au/ralians1 above ! sw>m+ s\ls1 nature-spirits1 demons1 !re /& out my?ic figures ( high] div9ity2 ,nguk-wonga1 ! ,_s ( ! ,wat]s2 ,biam1 :o gives c]emonial songs & causes disease1 & is p]haps ! same z ,baiame ! creator2 ,nambaj&i & ,w>rugura1 lords ( heav5 & ! ne!r _w4#eic ,9 ,s\? ,am]ica1 if we look into ! !ology ( ! ,manaos 7^: "n is well kn[n 9 ! fam\s leg5d ( ,el ,dorado & ! gold5 city ( ,manoa71 we see ,mau>i & ,s>aua1 :o may be call$ ! ,good & ,evil ,_s1 & beside ! latt] ! two ,gama9has1 ,spirits ( ! ,wat]s & ! ,=e/4#eid ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica ! description ( a solemn ,algonqu9 sacrifice introduces a li/ ( twelve dom9ant manitus or gods2 fir/ ! ,great ,manitu 9 heav51 !n ! ,sun1 ,moon1 ,e>?1 ,fire1 ,wat]1 ! ,h\se-god1 ! ,indian corn1 & ! f\r ,w9ds or ,c>d9al ,po9ts4#eie ,! ,polynesian's cr[d ( manes1 & ! l[] ranks ( deities ( e>?1 sea1 & air1 /& bel[ ! great gods ( ,peace & ,w>1 ,oro & ,tane ! national deities ( ,tahiti & ,huah9e1 ,raitubu ! ,sky-produc]1 ,h9a :o aid$ 9 ! "w ( =m+ ! _w1 h] fa!r ,ta>oa1 ! uncreate ,creator :o dwells 9 ,heav54#eif ,among ! ,l& ,dayaks ( ,borneo1 ! commonalty ( spirits consi/s ( ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$1 & ( su* be+s z dwell 9 ! noble old =e/s on ! tops ( l(ty hills1 or su* z hov] ab\t villages & dev\r ! /ores ( rice2 above ^! are ,tapa1 creator & pres]v] ( man1 & ,iang1 :o taught ! ,dayaks _! religion1 ,jirong1 ^: function is ! bir? & dea? ( m51 & ,t5abi1 :o made1 & /ill causes to fl\ri%1 ! e>? & all ?+s !re9 save ! human race4#eig ,9 ,we/ ,africa1 an example may be tak5 f ! !ology ( ! ,slave ,coa/1 a sy/ematic s*eme ( all nature z mov$ & quick5$ by spirits1 k9dly or ho/ile to mank9d4 ,^! spirits dwell 9 field & wood1 m\nta9 & valley2 !y live 9 air & wat]2 multitudes ( !m h be5 human s\ls1 su* gho/s hov] ab\t ! graves & ne> ! liv+1 & h influ5ce ) ! "u-gods1 :om !y wor%ip2 among ^! #8edr' are ! patron-deities ( m5 & families & tribes2 ?r\gh ^! subord9ate be+s works ! highe/ god1 ,mawu4 ,! mission>y :o describes ?is negro hi]>*y q simply sees 9 x ,satan & 8 ,angels4#eih ,9 ,asia1 ! ,samoy$'s little spirits t are b\nd to 8 little feti%es1 & ! little elves ( wood & /ream1 h great] be+s above !m1 ! ,=e/-,_s1 ! ,riv]-,_s1 ! ,sun & ,moon1 ! ,evil ,_s & ! ,good ,_s above all4#eii ,! c\ntless ho/ ( ! local gods ( ! ,khonds p]vade ! _w1 rule ! functions ( nature1 & control ! life ( m51 & ^! h _! *iefs2 above !m rank ! deifi$ s\ls ( m5 :o h become tutel>y gods ( tribes2 above ^! are ! six great gods1 ! ,ra9-god1 ! goddess ( ,fir/fruits1 ! god ( ,increase1 ! god ( ,hunt+1 ! iron god ( ,w>1 ! god ( ,b\nd>ies1 ) :i* gr\p /&s also ! ,judge ( ! ,dead1 & above all o!r gods1 ! ,sun-god & ,creator ,boora ,p5nu1 & 8 wife ! mighty ,e>?-goddess1 ,t>i ,p5nu4#fjj ,! ,spani% conqu]ors f\nd 9 ,mexico a complex & sy/ematic hi]>*y ( spiritual be+s2 numb]less 7 ! little deities :o _h _! wor%ip 9 h\se & lane1 grove & temple1 & f ^! ! wor%ipp] c\ld pass to gods ( fl[]s or ( pulque1 ( hunt]s & goldsmi?s1 & !n to ! great deities ( ! nation & ! _w1 ! figures :i* ! my?ologi/ kn[s s well1 ,c5teotl ! ,e>?-goddess1 ,tlaloc ! ,wat]-god1 ,huitzilopo*tli ! ,w>-god1 ,mictlanteuctli ! ,"l ( ,hades1 ,tonatiuh & ,metztli ! ,sun & ,moon4#fja ,?us1 />t+ f ! !ology ( savage tribes1 ! /ud5t arrives at ! poly!i/ic hi]>*ies ( ! ,aryan nations4 ,9 anci5t ,greece1 ! cl\d-compell+ ,heav5-god reigns ov] su* deities z ! god ( ,w> & ! goddess ( ,love1 ! ,sun-god & ! ,moon-goddess1 ! ,fire-god & ! rul] ( ! ,"u-_w1 ! ,w9ds & ,riv]s1 ! nymphs ( wood & well & =e/4#fjb ,9 mod]n ,india1 ,brahma-,vi%nu-,siva reign pre-em95t ov] a s]ies ( div9ities1 het]og5e\s & (t5 obscure 9 nature1 b among :om /& out 9 cle> mean+ & purpose su* figures z ,indra ( ,heav5 & ,srya ( ! ,sun1 ,agni ( ! ,fire1 ,pavana ( ! ,w9ds & ,v>una ( ! ,wat]s1 ,yama "l ( ! ,"u-_w1 ,kma god ( ,love & ,krttikeya ( ,w>1 ,pan*nana :o gives epilepsy & ,manas :o pres]ves f snake-bites1 ! div9e ,riv]s1 & bel[ ^! ! ranks ( nymphs1 elves1 demons1 m9i/]+ spirits1 ( heav5 & e>?--,g&h>vas1 ,aps>as1 ,siddhas1 ,asuras1 ,bhtas1 ,rk%asas4#fjc ,! sy/ematic comp>ison ( poly!i/ic religions has be5 ( late ye>s work$ ) admirable results4 ,^! h be5 due to ! adoption ( comp>atively exact me?ods1 z :]e ! anci5t ,aryan deities ( ! ,v$a h be5 br\ght into connexion ) ^? ( ! ,hom]ic poems1 9 "s cases z cle>ly z :]e we ,engli%m5 c /udy 9 ! ,sc&9avian ,edda ! old gods ( our own race1 ^: names /& 9 local names on ! map ( ,engl&1 & s]ve z c\nt]s to reckon our days ( ! week4 ,yet x ne$ sc>cely be said t to comp>e 9 full detail ! deities ev5 ( closely connect$ nations1 & =tiori ^? ( tribes n unit$ 9 language & hi/ory1 is /ill a difficult & unsatisfactory task4 ,! old-fa%ion$ id5tifications ( ! gods & h]oes ( diff]5t nations admitt$ mo/ illusory evid5ce4 ,"s _h little m gr\nd ?an simil>-s\nd+ names1 z :5 ! ,h9du ,brahma & ,prajpati 7 discov]$ to be ! ,hebrew ,abraham & ,japhet1 & :5 ev5 ,sir ,william ,jones id5tifi$ ,wod5 ) ,buddha4 ,) n mu* m /r+5cy1 x is /ill (t5 tak5 z matt] ( c\rse t ! ,keltic ,beal1 ^: bealt9es correspond ) a :ole class ( bonfire-cu/oms among sev]al bran*es ( ! ,aryan race1 is ! ,bel or ! ,baal ( ! ,semitic cultus4 ,un=tunately1 classical s*ol>%ip at ! ,r5aissance />t$ ! subject on an uns\nd foot+1 by accept+ ! ,greek deities ) ! my/ifi$ %apes & p]v]t$ names !y _h assum$ 9 ,lat9 lit]ature4 ,t !re 0 a p>tial s\ndness 9 su* comp>isons1 z 9 id5tify+ ,zeus & ,jupit]1 ,he/ia & ,ve/a1 made ! plan all ! m mislead+ :5 ,kronos came to figure z ,saturn1 ,poseidon z ,neptune1 ,a!ne z ,m9]va4 ,to judge by example ( ! possible results ( comp>ative !ology work$ on su* pr9ciples1 ,?o? be+ id5tifi$ ) ,h]mes1 ,h]mes ) ,m]cury1 & ,m]cury ) ,wod51 !re comes to pass ! absurd transition f ! ,egyptian ibis-head$ div9e scribe ( ! gods1 to ! ,teutonic heav5-dwell+ driv] ( ! rag+ tempe/4 ,x is n 9 ?is loose fa%ion t ! m5tal processes are to be s\ght out1 :i* l$ nations to arrange s simil>ly & yet s div]sely _! array ( deities4 ,a tw(old p]plexity besets ! sob]e/ inve/igator on ?is gr\nd1 caus$ by ! modification ( deities by developm5t at home & adoption f abroad4 ,ev5 among ! l[] races1 gods ( long traditional leg5d & wor%ip acquire a mix$ & complex p]sonality4 ,! my?ologi/ :o seeks to asc]ta9 ! precise def9ition ( ! ,r$ ,indian ,mi*abu 9 8 v>i\s *>act]s ( ,heav5-god & ,wat]-god1 ,creator ( ! ,e>? & fir/ ance/or ( ,man1 or :o exam9es ! p]sonality ( ! ,polynesian ,maui 9 8 relation to ,sun1 "l ( ,heav5 or ,hades1 fir/ ,man1 & ,s\? ,sea ,isl& h]o1 w sympa?ize ) ! ,semitic or ,aryan /ud5t bewild]$ among ! het]og5e\s attributes ( ,baal & ,a/>te1 ,h]akles & ,a!ne4 ,sir ,william ,jones sc>cely ov]/at$ ! p]plexity ( ! problem 9 ! foll[+ rem>kable =eca/ deliv]$ m ?an a c5tury ago1 9 ! fir/ anniv]s>y disc\rse be=e ! ,asiatic ,society ( ,b5gal1 at a "t :5 glimpses ( ! relation ( ! ,h9du to ! ,greek ,pan!on 7 op5+ into a new broad view ( comp>ative !ology 9 8 m9d4 #8,we mu/ n be surpris$1' he says1 #8at f9d+1 on a close exam9ation1 t ! *>act]s ( all ! ,pagan deities1 male & female1 melt into ea* o!r & at la/ into "o or two2 = x seems a well-f\nd$ op9ion1 t ! :ole cr[d ( gods & goddesses 9 anci5t ,rome1 & mod]n ,vrnes ,b5>es mean only ! p[]s ( nature1 & pr9cipally ^? ( ! ,sun1 express$ 9 a v>iety ( ways & by a multitude ( fanciful names4' ,z to ! travell+ ( gods f c\ntry to c\ntry1 & ! *anges !y are apt to suff] on ! road1 we may judge by examples ( :at has happ5$ )9 our k4 ,x is n m]ely t "o nation borr[s a god f ano!r ) its prop] figure & attributes & rites1 z :]e 9 ,rome ! wor%ipp] ( ! ,sun might take 8 *oice :e!r he w\ld adore 9 ! temple ( ! ,greek ,apollo1 ! ,egyptian ,osiris1 ! ,p]sian ,mi?ra1 or ! ,syrian ,elagabalus4 ,! int]c\rse ( races c produce qua9t] results ?an ?is4 ,any ,ori5tali/ w appreciate ! wond]ful hot*pot ( ,h9du & ,arabic language & religion 9 ! foll[+ details1 not$ d[n among rude tribes ( ! ,malay ,p59sula4 ,we he> ( ,j9 ,bumi ! ,e>?-god 7,arabic j9 demon1 ,sanskrit bhmi e>?72 inc5se is burnt to ,jewajewa 7,sanskrit dewa god7 :o int]c$es ) ,pirman ! supreme invisible deity above ! sky 7,brahma872 ! ,moslem ,allah ,tala1 ) 8 wife ,nabi ,mahamad 7,prophet ,mohamm$71 appe> 9 ! ,h9duiz$ *>act]s ( creator & de/roy] ( all ?+s2 & :ile ! spirits wor%ipp$ 9 /ones are call$ by ! ,h9du t]m ( #8dewa' or deity1 ,moslem conv]sion has s f> influ5c$ ! m9d ( ! /one-wor%ipp]1 t he w give to 8 sacr$ b\ld] ! title ( a ,prophet ,mohamm$4#fjd ,if we w\ld h examples ne>] home1 we may trace ! evil demon ,ae%ma ,daeva ( ! anci5t ,p]sian religion becom+ ! ,asmodeus ( ! book ( ,tobit1 aft]w>ds to f9d a place 9 ! devilry ( ! middle ages1 & to end 8 c>e] z ! ,diable ,boiteux ( ,le ,sage4 ,ev5 ! ,aztec w>-god ,huitzilopo*tli may be f\nd figur+ z ! demon ,vizlipuzli 9 ! popul> drama ( ,doctor ,fau/us4 ,9 e?nographic comp>isons ( ! religions ( mank9d1 unless !re is evid5ce ( direct relation betwe5 gods belong+ to two peoples1 ! safe & reasonable pr9ciple is to limit ! id5tification ( deities to ! attributes !y h 9 common4 ,?us x is prop] to comp>e ! ,d5did ( ! ,:ite ,nile ) ! ,aryan ,indra1 9 s f> z bo? are ,heav5-gods & ,ra9-gods2 ! ,aztec ,tonatiuh ) ! ,greek ,apollo1 9 s f> z bo? are ,sun-gods2 ! ,au/ralian ,baiame ) ! ,sc&9avian ,?or1 9 s f> z bo? are ,?und]-gods4 ,! pres5t purpose ( display+ ,poly!ism z a dep>tm5t ( ,animism does n require t elaborate comp>ison ( sy/ems :i* w\ld be 9 place 9 a manual ( ! religions ( ! _w4 ,! great gods may be sci5tifically rang$ & treat$ accord+ to _! fundam5tal ideas1 ! /rongly-m>k$ & intelligible conceptions :i*1 "u names (t5 obscure & p]sonalities (t5 mix$ & my/ifi$1 !y /& to repres5t4 ,x is en\gh to %[ ! simil>ity ( pr9ciple on :i* ! !ologic m9d ( ! l[] races %ap$ ^? old famili> types ( deity1 ) :i* our fir/ acqua9tance 0 ga9$ 9 ! pan!on ( classic my?ology4 ,x w be obs]v$ t n all1 b ! pr9cipal figures1 belong to /rict ,nature-wor%ip4 ,^! may be "h fir/ survey$4 ,!y are ,heav5 & ,e>?1 ,ra9 & ,?und]1 ,wat] & ,sea1 ,fire & ,sun & ,moon1 wor%ipp$ ei!r directly = !mselves1 or z animat$ by _! special deities1 or ^! deities are m fully set ap>t & ador$ 9 an?ropomorphic %ape--a gr\p ( conceptions di/9ctly & ?r\gh\t bas$ on ! pr9ciples ( savage feti%ism4 ,true1 ! great ,nature-gods are huge 9 /r5g? & f>-rea*+ 9 influ5ce1 b ?is is because ! natural objects !y belong to are imm5se 9 size or range ( action1 pre-em95t & pr$om9ant among less] feti%es1 ?\gh /ill feti%es !mselves4 ,9 ! religion ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 ! ,heav5-god displays p]fectly ! gradual bl5d+ ( ! mat]ial sky itself ) its p]sonal deity4 ,9 ! e>ly times ( ,fr5* colonization1 ,fa!r ,brebeuf m5tions ! ,hurons address+ !mselves to ! e>?1 riv]s1 lakes1 & dang]\s rocks1 b above all to heav51 believ+ t x is all animat$1 & "s p[]ful demon dwells !re94 ,he describes !m z speak+ directly to heav5 by its p]sonal "n #8,aronhiat6' ,?us :5 !y ?r[ tobacco into ! fire z sacrifice1 if x is ,heav5 !y address1 !y say #8,aronhiat6 7,heav567 behold my sacrifice1 h pity on me1 aid me6' ,!y h rec\rse to ,heav5 9 almo/ all _! necessities1 & respect ?is great body above all creatures1 rem>k+ 9 x p>ticul>ly some?+ div9e4 ,!y imag9e 9 ! sky an #8oki1' i4e4 demon or p[]1 :i* rules ! seasons ( ! ye> & controls ! w9ds & waves4 ,!y dread its ang]1 call+ x to witness :5 !y make "s important promise or treaty1 say+1 ,heav5 he>s :at we d ?is day1 & fe>+ *a/isem5t %\ld _! ^w be brok54 ,"o ( _! r5[n$ sorc]]s said1 ,heav5 w be angry if m5 mock him2 :5 !y cry e day to ,heav51 ,aronhiat6 yet give him no?+1 he w av5ge himself4 ,etymology aga9 sugge/s ! div9e sky z ! inn] mean+ ( ! ,iroquois supreme deity1 ,t>onhiawagon ! #8sky-com]' or #8sky-hold]1' :o _h 8 fe/ival ab\t ! w9t] sol/ice1 :o br\ght ! ance/ral race out ( ! m\nta91 taught !m hunt+1 m>riage1 & religion1 gave !m corn & beans1 squa%es & potatoes & tobacco1 & guid$ !m on _! migrations z !y spread ov] ! l&4 ,among ! ,nor? ,am]ican tribes1 n only does ! conception ( ! p]sonal div9e ,heav5 ?us seem ! fundam5tal idea ( ! ,heav5-god1 b x may exp& "u ,*ri/ian influ5ce into a yet m g5]al ?\ght ( div9ity 9 ! ,great ,_s 9 ,heav54#fje ,9 ,s\? ,africa1 ! ,zulus speak ( ! ,heav5 z a p]son1 ascrib+ to x ! p[] ( ex]cis+ a w1 & !y also speak ( a ,"l ( ,heav51 ^: wra? !y deprecate dur+ a ?und]/orm4 ,9 ! native leg5ds ( ! ,zulu pr9cess 9 ! c\ntry ( ! ,half-,m51 ! captive maid5 expo/ulates p]sonally ) ! ,sky1 = only act+ 9 an ord9>y way1 & n 9 ! way %e wi%es1 to de/roy h] enemies3-- #8,li/51 yon heav54 ,att5d2 mayoya1 li/54 ,li/51 heav54 ,x does n ?und] ) l\d ?und]4 ,x ?und]s 9 an und]tone4 ,:at is x do+8 ,x ?und]s to produce ra9 & *ange ( season4' ,!reupon ! cl\ds ga!r tumultu\sly2 ! pr9cess s+s aga9 & x ?und]s t]ribly1 & ! ,heav5 kills ! ,half-,m5 r\nd ab\t h]1 b %e is left unh>m$4#fjf ,we/ ,africa is ano!r di/rict :]e ! ,heav5-god reigns1 9 ^: attributes may be trac$ ! transition f ! direct conception ( ! p]sonal sky to t ( ! supreme creative deity4 ,?us 9 ,bonny1 "o ^w s]ves = god1 heav51 cl\d2 & 9 ,aquapim1 ,yankupong is at once ! highe/ god & ! wea!r4 ,( ?is latt] deity1 ! ,nyankupon ( ! ,oji nation1 x is rem>k$ by ,riis1 #8,! idea ( him z a supreme _s is obscure & unc]ta91 & (t5 conf\nd$ ) ! visible heav5s or sky1 ! upp] _w 7sorro7 :i* lies beyond human rea*2 & h5ce ! same ^w is us$ also = heav5s1 sky1 & ev5 = ra9 & ?und]4'#fjg ,! same transition f ! div9e sky to its an?ropomorphic deity %[s out 9 ! !ology ( ! ,tat> tribes4 ,! rude ,samoy$'s m9d sc>cely if at all sep>ates ! visible p]sonal ,heav5 f ! div9ity unit$ ) x "u "o & ! same "n1 ,num4 ,among ! m cultur$ ,f9ns1 ! cosmic attributes ( ! ,heav5-god1 ,ukko ! ,old ,"o1 display ! same orig9al nature2 he is ! anci5t ( ,heav51 ! fa!r ( ,heav51 ! be>] ( ! ,firmam5t1 ! god ( ! ,air1 ! dwell] on ! ,cl\ds1 ! ,cl\d-driv]1 ! %eph]d ( ! ,cl\d-lambs4#fjh ,s f> z ! evid5ce ( language1 & docum5t1 & c]emony1 c pres]ve ! record ( remotely anci5t ?\ght1 ,*9a %[s 9 ! highe/ deity ( ! /ate religion a l !ologic developm5t4 ,ti51 ,heav51 is 9 p]sonal %ape ! ,%ang-ti or ,upp] ,emp]or1 ! ,"l ( ! ,univ]se4 ,! ,*9ese books may idealize ?is supreme div9ity2 !y may say t 8 comm& is fate1 t he rew>ds ! good & puni%es ! wick$1 t he loves & protects ! p b5ea? him1 t he manife/s himself ?r\gh ev5ts1 t he is a _s full ( insight1 p5etrat+1 fe>ful1 maje/ic4 ,yet !y _c ref9e him s utt]ly away into an ab/ract cele/ial deity1 b t language & hi/ory /ill recognize him z :at he 0 9 ! beg9n+1 ,ti51 ,heav54#fji ,) su* evid5ce p]fectly accords ! hi/ory ( ! ,heav5-god among our ,indo-,european race4 ,?is be+1 ador$ 9 anci5t ,aryan religion1 0-- #8444 ! :ole circle ( ! heav5s1 = him ,a s5sitive exi/5ce1 & a ,god1 ,) lift$ h&s invok$1 & songs ( praise4' ,! evid5ce ( language to ?is effect has be5 set =? ) extreme cle>ness by ,pr(essor ,max ,mll]4 ,9 ! fir/ /age1 ! ,sanskrit ,dyu 7,dyaus71 ! bright sky1 is tak5 9 a s5se s direct t x expresses ! idea ( day1 & ! /orms are spok5 ( z go+ ab\t 9 x2 :ile ,greek & ,lat9 rival ?is di/9ctness 9 su* t]ms z 1 #89 ! op5 air1' 1 #8well-sky$1 calm1' sub divo1 #89 ! op5 air1' sub ,jove frigido1 #8"u ! cold sky1' & t graphic description by ,ennius ( ! bright firmam5t1 ,jove :om all invoke3-- #8,aspice hoc sublime c&5s1 quem invocant omnes ,jovem4' ,9 ! second /age1 ,dyaus pit>1 ,heav5-fa!r1 /&s 9 ! ,v$a z consort ( ,pri?iv mt>1 ,e>?-"m1 rank$ high or highe/ among ! bright gods4 ,to ! ,greek he is 1 ! ,heav5-fa!r1 ,zeus ! ,all-se]1 ! ,cl\d-compell]1 ,k+ ( ,gods & ,m54 ,z ,max ,mll] writes3 #8,!re 0 no?+ t c\ld be told ( ! sky t 0 n 9 "s =m or o!r ascrib$ to ,zeus4 ,x 0 ,zeus :o ra9$1 :o ?und]$1 :o sn[$1 :o hail$1 :o s5t ! lightn+1 :o ga!r$ ! cl\ds1 :o let loose ! w9ds1 :o held ! ra9b[4 ,x is ,zeus :o ord]s ! days & nights1 ! mon?s1 seasons1 & ye>s4 ,x is he :o wat*es ov] ! fields1 :o s5ds ri* h>ve/s1 & :o t5ds ! flocks4 ,l ! sky1 ,zeus dwells on ! highe/ m\nta9s2 l ! sky1 ,zeus embraces ! e>?2 l ! sky1 ,zeus is et]nal1 un*ang+1 ! highe/ god4 ,= good & = evil1 ,zeus ! sky & ,zeus ! god are w$d$ toge!r 9 ! ,greek m9d1 language triumph+ ov] ?\ght1 tradition ov] religion4' ,! same ,aryan ,heav5-fa!r is ,jupit]1 9 t orig9al "n & nature :i* he bore 9 ,rome long be=e !y array$ him 9 ! borr[$ g>m5ts ( ,greek my?1 & adapt$ him to ! ideas ( classic philosophy4#faj ,?us1 9 nation aft] nation1 took place ! great religi\s developm5t by :i* ! ,fa!r-,heav5 became ! ,fa!r 9 ,heav54 ,! ,ra9-god is mo/ (t5 ! ,heav5-god ex]cis+ a special function1 ?\gh sometimes tak+ a m di/9ctly individual =m1 or bl5d+ 9 *>act]i/ics ) a g5]al ,wat]-god4 ,9 ,ea/ ,c5tral ,africa1 ! _s ( an old *ief dwell+ on a cl\dy m\nta9-top may receive ! wor%ip ( 8 vot>ies & s5d d[n ! refre%+ %[]s 9 answ] to _! pray]s2 among ! ,dam>as ! highe/ deity is ,omakuru ! ,ra9-giv]1 :o dwells 9 ! f> ,nor?2 :ile to ! negro ( ,we/ ,africa ! ,heav5-god is ! ra9-giv]1 & may pass 9 "n into ! ra9 itself4#faa ,pa*acamac1 ! ,p]uvian _w-creator1 has set ! ,ra9-goddess to p\r wat]s ov] ! l&1 & s5d d[n hail & sn[4#fab ,! ,aztec ,tlaloc 0 no d\bt orig9ally a ,heav5-god1 = he holds ! ?und] & lightn+1 b he has tak5 especially ! attributes ( ,wat]-god & ,ra9-god2 & s 9 ,nic>agua ! ,ra9-god ,quiateot 7,aztec quiahuitl ra91 teotl god7 to :om *ildr5 7 sacrific$ to br+ ra91 %[s 8 l>g] cele/ial nature by be+ also s5d] ( ?und] & lightn+4#fac ,! ,ra9-god ( ! ,khonds is ,pidzu ,p5nu1 :om ! prie/s & eld]s propitiate ) eggs & arrack & rice & a %eep1 & invoke ) qua9tly pa!tic pray]s4 ,!y tell him h[1 if he w n give wat]1 ! l& mu/ rema9 unpl\gh$1 ! se$ w rot 9 ! gr\nd1 !y & _! *ildr5 & cattle w die ( want1 ! de] & ! wild hog w seek o!r haunts1 & !n ( :at avail w x be = ! ,ra9-god to rel5t1 h[ little any gift ( wat] w avail1 :5 !re %all be left nei!r man1 nor cattle1 nor se$2 s let him1 re/+ on ! sky1 p\r wat]s d[n ^u !m ?r\gh 8 sieve1 till ! de] are dr[n$ out ( ! =e/ & take refuge 9 ! h\ses1 till ! soil ( ! m\nta9s is wa%$ into ! valleys1 till ! cook+-pots bur/ ) ! =ce ( ! swell+ rice1 till ! bea/s ga!r s pl5tifully 9 ! gre5 & fav\r$ l&1 t m5's axes %all be blunt$ ) cutt+ up ! game4#fad ,) p]fect meteorological fitness1 ! ,kol tribes ( ,b5gal consid] _! great deity ,m>ang ,buru1 ,great ,m\nta91 to be ! ,ra9-god4 ,m>ang ,buru1 "o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s hills ( ! plateau ne> ,lodmah 9 ,*ota-,nagpur1 is ! deity himself or 8 dwell+4 ,be=e ! ra9s come on1 ! wom5 climb ! hill1 l$ by ! wives ( ! pahans1 ) girls drumm+1 to c>ry (f]+s ( milk & bel-leaves1 :i* are put on ! flat rock at ! top4 ,!n ! wives ( ! pahans kneel ) loos5$ hair & invoke ! deity1 besee*+ him to give ! crops seasonable ra94 ,!y %ake _! heads viol5tly z !y reit]ate ?is pray]1 till !y "w !mselves into a fr5zy1 & ! movem5t becomes involunt>y4 ,!y g on ?us wildly ge/iculat+1 till a cl\d is se52 !n !y rise1 take ! drums1 & dance ! kurrun on ! rock1 till ,m>ang ,buru's response to _! pray] is he>d 9 ! di/ant rumbl+ ( ?und]1 & !y g home rejoic+4 ,!y mu/ g fa/+ to ! m\nt1 & /ay !re till !re is #8a s\nd ( abundance ( ra91' :5 !y get !m d[n to eat & dr9k4 ,x is said t ! ra9 always comes be=e ev5+1 b ! old wom5 appe> to *oose _! own mom5t = beg9n+ ! fa/4#fae ,x 0 to ,ukko ! ,heav5-god1 t 9 old days ! ,f9n turn$ ) su* pray]s3-- #8,ukko1 ?\1 ,o ,god above u ,?\1 ,o ,fa!r 9 ! heav5s1 ,?\ :o rule/ 9 ! cl\d-l&1 ,& ! little cl\d-lambs leade/1 ,s5d u d[n ! ra9 f heav51 ,make ! cl\ds to drop ) honey1 ,let ! droop+ corn look upw>d1 ,let ! gra9 ) pl5ty ru/le4'#faf ,q l ?is 7 ! classic conceptions ( ,jupit] ,pluvius4 ,!y are typifi$ 9 ! fam\s ,a!nian pray] record$ by ,m>cus ,aurelius1 #8,ra91 ra91 ,o de> ,zeus1 on ! pl\gh-l&s ( ! ,a!nians1 & ! pla9s6'#fag & 9 ,petronius ,arbit]'s compla9t ( ! irreligion ( 8 times1 t n[ no "o ?9ks heav5 is heav51 no "o keeps a fa/1 no "o c>es a hair = ,jove1 b all m5 ) clos$ eyes reckon up _! goods4 ,a=e-"t ! ladies walk$ up ! hill 9 _! /oles ) b>e feet & loos5$ hair & pure m9ds1 & entreat$ ,jove = wat]2 !n all at once x ra9$ bucketsfull1 !n or nev]1 & !y all w5t home wet z dr[n$ rats4#fah ,9 lat] ages1 :5 dr\ght p>*$ ! fields ( ! m$ival husb&man1 he transf]r$ to o!r patrons ! functions ( ! ,ra9-god1 & ) procession & litany s\ght help f ,/4 ,pet] or ,/4 ,james1 or1 ) m ( my?ological consi/5cy1 f ! ,que5 ( ,heav54 ,z = ourselves1 we h liv$ to see ! "t :5 m5 %r9k f address+ ev5 to ,supreme ,deity ! old cu/om>y ra9-pray]s1 = ! ra9fall is pass+ f ! region ( ! sup]natural1 to jo9 ! tides & seasons 9 ! realm ( physical sci5ce4 ,! place ( ! ,?und]-god 9 poly!i/ic religion is simil> to t ( ! ,ra9-god1 9 _m cases ev5 to entire co9cid5ce4 ,b 8 "* is r ( wra? ?an ( b5efic5ce1 a "* :i* we h half lo/ ! p[] to realize1 s9ce ! agoniz+ t]ror ( ! ?und]/orm :i* appals savage m9ds has dw9dl$ away 9 ours1 n[ t we behold 9 x n ! manife/ation ( div9e wra?1 b ! re/oration ( electric equilibrium4 ,nor? ,am]ican tribes1 z ! ,m&ans1 he>d 9 ! ?und] & saw 9 ! lightn+ ! clapp+ w+s & fla%+ eyes ( t awful heav5-bird :i* belongs to1 or ev5 is1 ! ,great ,manitu himself4#fai ,! ,dacotas c\ld %[ at a place call$ ,?und]-tracks1 ne> ! s\rce ( ! ,/4 ,pet]'s ,riv]1 ! footpr9ts ( ! ?und]-bird five & tw5ty miles ap>t4 ,x is to be notic$ t ^! ,si\x1 among _! v>i$ fancies ab\t ?und]-birds & ! l1 give unusually well a key to ! great ?und]bolt-my? :i* recurs 9 s _m l&s4 ,!y consid] ! lightn+ ent]+ ! gr\nd to scatt] !re 9 all directions ?und]bolt-/ones1 :i* are fl9ts1 c41 _! reason = ?is notion be+ ! v rational "o1 t ^! silice\s /ones actually produce a fla% :5 /ruck4#fbj ,9 an acc\nt ( c]ta9 ,c>ib deities1 :o 7 m5 & are n[ />s1 occurs ! "n ( ,savac\1 :o 0 *ang$ into a great bird2 he is capta9 ( ! hurricane & ?und]1 he bl[s fire ?r\gh a tube & t is lightn+1 he gives ! great ra94 ,ro*e=t describes ! effect ( a ?und]/orm on ! p>tly ,europeaniz$ ,c>ibs ( ! ,we/ ,indies two c5turies ago4 ,:5 !y p]ceive its approa*1 he says1 !y quickly betake !mselves to _! cab9s1 & range !mselves 9 ! kit*5 on _! little seats ne> ! fire2 hid+ _! faces & lean+ _! heads 9 _! h&s & on _! knees1 !y fall to weep+ & lam5t+ 9 _! j>gon #8,maboya m\*e fa*e contre ,c>abe1' i4e41 ,maboya 7! evil demon7 is v angry ) ! ,c>ibs4 ,?is !y say also :5 !re comes a hurricane1 n leav+ (f ?is dismal ex]cise till x is ov]1 & !re is no end to _! a/oni%m5t t ! ,*ri/ians on ^! occasions manife/ no su* affliction & fe>4#fba ,! ,tupi tribes ( ,brazil are an example ( a race among :om ! ,?und] or ! ,?und]]1 ,tupan1 flapp+ 8 cele/ial w+s & fla%+ ) cele/ial light1 0 develop$ into ! v repres5tative ( highe/ deity1 ^: "n /ill /&s among _! ,*ri/ian desc5dants z ! equival5t ( ,god4#fbb ,9 ,p]u1 a mighty & f>-wor%ipp$ deity 0 ,catequil ! ,?und]-god1 *ild ( ! ,heav5-god1 he :o set free ! ,indian race f out ( ! gr\nd by turn+ x up ) 8 gold5 spade1 he :o 9 ?und]-fla% & clap hurls f 8 sl+ ! small r\nd smoo? ?und]/ones1 treasur$ 9 ! villages z fire-feti%es & *>ms to k9dle ! flames ( love4 ,h[ di/9ct 9 p]sonality & high 9 rank 0 ! ,?und] & ,lightn+ 7,*uqui yllayllapa7 9 ! religion ( ! ,incas1 may be judg$ f 8 huaca or feti%-idol /&+ on ! b5* beside ! idols ( ! ,creator & ! ,sun at ! great ,sol> fe/ival 9 ,cuzco1 :5 ! bea/s to be sacrific$ 7 l$ r\nd !m1 & ! prie/s pray$ ?us3 #8,o ,creator1 & ,sun1 & ,?und]1 be = ev] "y6 d n gr[ old4 ,let all ?+s be at peace6 let ! p multiply1 & _! food1 & let all o!r ?+s cont9ue to increase4'#fbc ,9 ,africa1 we may contra/ ! ,zulu1 :o p]ceives 9 ?und] & lightn+ ! direct action ( ,heav5 or ,heav5's "l1 ) ! ,yoruba1 :o assigns !m n to ,olorun ! ,"l ( ,heav51 b to a l[] deity1 ,%ango ! ,?und]-god1 :om !y call also ,dzakuta ! ,/one-ca/]1 = x is he :o 7z among s _m o!r peoples :o h =gott5 _! ,/one ,age7 fl+s d[n f heav5 ! /one hat*ets :i* are f\nd 9 ! gr\nd1 & pres]v$ z sacr$ objects4#fbd ,9 ! religion ( ! ,kam*adals1 ,billukai1 ! hem ( ^: g>m5t is ! ra9b[1 dwells 9 ! cl\ds ) _m spirits1 & s5ds ?und] & lightn+ & ra94#fbe ,among ! ,ossetes ( ! ,caucasus ! ,?und]] is ,ilya1 9 ^: "n my?ologi/s trace a ,*ri/ian tradition ( ,elijah1 ^: fi]y *>iot seems inde$ to h be5 else:]e id5tifi$ ) t ( ! ,?und]-god1 :ile ! highe/ peak ( g9a1 once ! seat ( ,pan-hell5ic ,zeus1 is n[ call$ ,m\nt ,/4 ,elias4 ,among c]ta9 ,moslem s*ismatics1 x is ev5 ! hi/orical ,ali1 c\s9 ( ,mohamm$1 :o is en?ron$ 9 ! cl\ds1 :]e ! ?und] is 8 voice1 & ! lightn+ ! la% :]e) he smites ! wick$4#fbf ,among ! ,turanian or ,tat> race1 ! ,european bran* %[s mo/ di/9ctly ! figure ( ! ,?und]-god4 ,to ! ,lapps1 ,ti]mes appe>s to h be5 ! ,heav5-god1 especially conceiv$ z ,aija ! ,?und]-god2 ( old !y ?\ght ! ,?und] 7,aija7 to be a liv+ be+1 hov]+ 9 ! air & he>k5+ to ! talk ( m51 smit+ su* z spoke ( him 9 an unseemly way2 or1 z "s said1 ! ,?und]-god is ! foe ( sorc]]s1 :om he drives f heav5 & smites1 & !n x is t m5 he> 9 ?und]-peals ! hurtl+ ( 8 arr[s1 z he spe$s !m f 8 b[1 ! ,ra9b[4 ,9 ,f9ni% poetry1 likewise1 ,ukko ! ,heav5-god is portray$ ) su* attributes4 ,! ,runes call him ,?und]]1 he speaks ?r\gh ! cl\ds1 8 fi]y %irt is ! lurid /orm-cl\d1 m5 talk ( 8 /ones & 8 hamm]1 he fla%es 8 fi]y sword & x light5s1 or he draws 8 mighty ra9b[1 ,ukko's b[1 to %oot 8 fi]y copp] arr[s1 :]e) m5 w\ld invoke him to smite _! enemies4 ,or :5 x is d>k 9 8 heav5ly h\se he /rikes fire1 & t is lightn+4 ,to ?is day ! ,f9l&]s call a ?und]/orm an #8ukko1' or an #8ukkon51' t is1 #8a little ukko1' & :5 x light5s !y say1 #8,!re is ,ukko /rik+ fire6'#fbg ,:at is ! ,aryan conception ( ! ,?und]-god1 b a poetic elaboration ( ?\ghts inh]it$ f ! savage /ate ?r\gh :i* ! primitive ,aryans _h pass$8 ,! ,h9du ,?und]-god is ! ,heav5-god ,indra1 ,indra's b[ is ! ra9b[1 ,indra hurls ! ?und]bolts1 he smites 8 enemies1 he smites ! dragon-cl\ds1 & ! ra9 p\rs d[n on e>?1 & ! sun %9es =? aga94 ,! ,v$a is full ( ,indra's glories3 #8,n[ w ,i s+ ! feats ( ,indra1 :i* he ( ! ?und]bolt did ( old4 ,he smote ,ahi1 !n he p\r$ =? ! wat]s2 he divid$ ! riv]s ( ! m\nta9s4 ,he smote ,ahi by ! m\nta92 ,tva%t> =g$ = him ! glori\s bolt4'--#8,:et1 ,o /rong ,indra1 ! heavy /rong r$ weapon aga9/ ! enemies6'--#8,may ! axe 7! ?und]bolt7 appe> ) ! light2 may ! r$ "o blaze =? bright ) spl5d\r6'--#8,:5 ,indra hurls aga9 & aga9 8 ?und]bolt1 !n !y believe 9 ! brilliant god4' ,nor is ,indra m]ely a great god 9 ! anci5t ,v$ic pan!on1 he is ! v patron-deity ( ! invad+ ,aryan race 9 ,india1 to ^: help !y look 9 _! conflicts ) ! d>k-sk9n$ tribes ( ! l&4 #8,de/roy+ ! ,dasyus1 ,indra protect$ ! ,aryan col\r'--#8,indra protect$ 9 battle ! ,aryan wor%ipp]1 he subdu$ ! lawless = ,manu1 he conqu]$ ! black sk94'#fbh ,?is ,h9du ,indra is ! (fspr+ ( ,dyaus ! ,heav54 ,b 9 ! ,greek religion1 ,zeus is himself ,zeus ,k]auneios1 ! wield] ( ! ?und]bolt1 & ?und]s f ! cl\d-capp$ tops ( ,ida or ,olympos4 ,9 l mann] ! ,jupit] ,capitol9us ( ,rome is himself ,jupit] ,tonans3 #8,ad p5etrale ,num1 ,capitol9umque ,tonantem4'#fbi ,?us1 also1 x 0 9 accurate language t ! old ,slavonic nations 7 describ$ z ador+ ,jupit] ,tonans z _! highe/ god4 ,he 0 ! cl\d-dwell+ ,heav5-god1 8 weapon ! ?und]-bolt1 ! lightn+-fla%1 8 "n ,p]un ! ,smit] 7,p]kun1 ,p]kunas74 ,9 ! ,li?uanian di/rict1 ! ?und] itself is ,p]kun2 9 pa/ times ! peasant w\ld cry :5 he he>d ! ?und] peal #8,dewe ,p]kune apsaugog mus6--,god ,p]kun sp>e u6' & to ?is day he says1 #8,p]kunas gravja6--,p]kun is ?und]+6' or #8,wezzajs b>rahs6--! ,old ,"o gr[ls6'#fcj ,! old ,g]man & ,sc&9avian !ology made ,?und]1 ,don>1 ,?or1 a special deity to rule ! cl\ds & ra91 & hurl 8 cru%+ hamm] ?r\gh ! air4 ,he reign$ high 9 ! ,saxon heav51 till ! days came :5 ! ,*ri/ian conv]t _h to r5\nce him 9 solemn =m1 #8ec =sa*o ,?un>e6--,i =sake ,?und]6' ,n[1 8 survival is = ! mo/ "p 9 m]e v]bal =m1 9 ! etymology ( su* names z ,donn]sb]g1 ,?orwalds51 ,?ursday4#fca ,9 ! poly!ism ( ! l[] z ( ! high] races1 ! ,w9d-gods are no unkn[n figures4 ,! ,w9ds !mselves1 & especially ! ,f\r ,w9ds 9 _! f\r regions1 take "n & %ape z p]sonal div9ities1 :ile "s deity ( wid] range1 a ,w9d-god1 ,/orm-god1 ,air-god1 or ! mighty ,heav5-god himself1 may /& z compell] or controll] ( breeze & gale & tempe/4 ,we h already tak5 z examples f ! ,algonqu9 my?ology ( ,nor? ,am]ica ! f\r w9ds ^: native leg5ds h be5 v]sifi$ 9 #8,hiawa?a2' ,mudjekeewis ! ,we/ ,w9d1 ,fa!r ( ! ,w9ds ( ,heav51 & 8 *ildr51 ,wabun ! ,ea/ ,w9d1 ! morn+-br+]1 ! lazy ,%awondasse ! ,s\? ,w9d1 ! wild & cruel ,nor? ,w9d1 ! fi]ce ,kabibonokka4 ,view$ 9 _! religi\s aspect1 ^! mighty be+s correspond ) f\r ( ! great manitus sacrific$ to among ! ,delaw>es1 ! ,we/1 ,s\?1 ,ea/1 & ,nor?2 :ile ! ,iroquois ackn[l$g$ a deity ( l>g] grasp1 ,goh1 ! ,_s ( ! ,w9ds1 :o holds !m prison$ 9 ! m\nta9s 9 ! ,home ( ! ,w9ds4#fcb ,! ,polynesian ,w9d-gods are ?us describ$ by ,ellis3 #8,! *ief ( ^! 7 ,v]omatautoru & ,tairibu1 bro!r & si/] to ! *ildr5 ( ,ta>oa1 _! dwell+ 0 ne> ! great rock1 :i* 0 ! f\ndation ( ! _w4 ,hurricanes1 tempe/s1 & all de/ructive w9ds1 7 suppos$ to be conf9$ )9 !m1 & 7 employ$ by !m to puni% su* z neglect$ ! wor%ip ( ! gods4 ,9 /ormy wea!r _! compassion 0 s\ght by ! tempe/-driv5 m>9] at sea1 or ! fri5ds ( su* on %ore4 ,lib]al pres5ts1 x 0 suppos$1 w\ld at any "t pur*ase a calm4 ,if ! fir/ fail$1 subsequ5t ones 7 c]ta9 ( success4 ,! same means 7 resort$ to = procur+ a /orm1 b ) less c]ta9ty4 ,:5ev] ! inhabitants ( "o isl& he>d ( invasion f ^? ( ano!r1 !y imm$iately c>ri$ l>ge (f]+s to ^! deities1 & bes\ght !m to de/roy by tempe/ ! ho/ile fleet :5ev] x might put to sea4 ,"s ( ! mo/ intellig5t p /ill ?9k evil spirits _h =m]ly great p[] ov] ! w9ds1 z !y say !re h be5 no su* fe>ful /orms s9ce !y aboli%$ idolatry1 z !re 7 be=e4' ,or1 aga91 ! great deity ,maui adds a new complication to 8 enigmatic sol>-cele/ial "* by appe>+ z a ,w9d-,god4 ,9 ,tahiti he 0 id5tifi$ ) ! ,ea/ ,w9d2 9 ,new ,zeal& he holds all ! w9ds b ! we/ 9 8 h&s1 or he imprisons !m ) great /ones roll$ to ! m\?s ( _! caves1 save ! ,we/ ,w9d :i* he _c cat* or prison1 s t x almo/ always bl[s4#fcc ,to ! ,kam*adal1 x is ,billukai ! ,heav5-god :o comes d[n & drives 8 sl$ge on e>?1 & m5 see 8 traces 9 ! w9d-drift$ sn[4#fcd ,to ! ,f9n1 :ile !re are traces ( subord9ate ,w9d-gods 9 8 my?ology1 ! great rul] ( w9d & /orm is ,ukko ! ,heav5-god2#fce :ile ! ,e/h look$ r to ,tuule-ema1 ,w9d's ,"m1 & :5 ! gale %rieks he w /ill say #8,w9d's "m wails1 :o kn[s :at mo!rs %all wail next4'#fcf ,su* in/ances f ,allophylian my?ology#fcg %[ types :i* are f\nd develop$ 9 full vig\r by ! ,aryan races4 ,9 ! ,v$ic hymns1 ! ,/orm ,gods1 ! ,m>uts1 borne along ) ! fury ( ! boi/]\s w9ds1 ) ! ra9-cl\ds di/ribute %[]s ov] ! e>?1 make d>kness dur+ ! day1 r5d ! trees & dev\r ! =e/s l wild elephants4#fch ,no ef=t ( ! ,r$ ,indian's p]sonify+ fancy 9 ! tales ( ! danc+ ,pauppuk-keewis ! ,:irlw9d1 or t fi]ce & %ifty h]o1 ,manabozho ! ,nor?-,we/ ,w9d1 c m ?an mat* ! description 9 ! ,iliad1 ( ,a*illes call+ on ,boreas & ,zephyros ) libations & v[s ( sacrifice1 to bl[ into a blaze ! fun]al pyre ( ,patroklos-- 444 8 pray] ,swift ,iris he>d1 & bore x to ! ,w9ds4 ,!y 9 ! hall ( gu/y ,zephyrus ,7 ga!r$ r\nd ! fea/2 9 ha/e appe>+1 ,swift ,iris on ! /ony ?re%old /ood4 ,!y saw1 & ris+ all1 bes\ght h] ea* ,to sit beside him2 %e ) _! reque/s ,refus$ compliance1 & address$ !m ?us1' c4 olus ) ! w9ds imprison$ 9 8 cave has ! (fice ( ! ,r$ ,indian ,_s ( ! ,w9ds1 & ( ! ,polynesian ,maui4 ,) qua9t adaptation to nature-my? & ev5 to moral p>able1 ! ,h>pies1 ! ,/orm-gu/s t :irl & snat* & da% & smir* ) eddy+ du/-cl\ds1 become ! loa?some bird-mon/]s s5t to hov] ov] ! table ( ,ph9eus to claw & defile 8 da9ty vi&s4#fci ,if we are to *oose an ,aryan ,/orm-god = ideal gr&eur1 we mu/ seek him 9 #8444 ! hall :]e ,runic ,od9 ,h[ls 8 w>-song to ! gale4' ,jakob ,grimm has def9$ ,od9 or ,wod5 z #8! all-p5etrat+ creative & =mative p[]4' ,b su* ab/ract conceptions c h>dly be ascrib$ to 8 b>b>ic wor%ipp]s4 ,z little may 8 real nature be discov]$ among ! leg5ds :i* degrade him to a hi/orical k+ ( ,nor!rn m51 an #8,o?9us rex4' ,see ! ,all-fa!r sitt+ cl\d-mantl$ on 8 heav5-seat1 ov]look+ ! de$s ( m51 & we may disc]n 9 him ! attributes ( ! ,heav5-god4 ,he> ! peasant say ( ! rag+ tempe/1 t x is #8,od9 f>+ by2' trace ! my?ological transition f ,wod5's tempe/ to ! #8,wt5de ,he]1' ! #8,wild ,huntsman' ( our own gr& /orm-my?1 & we %all recognize ! old ,teutonic deity 9 8 function ( cl\d-compell]1 ( ,tempe/-god4#fdj ,! #8rude ,c>9?ian boor' c %[ a relic f a yet m primitive /age ( m5tal hi/ory1 :5 he sets up a wood5 b[l ( v>i\s meats on a tree be=e 8 h\se1 to fodd] ! w9d t x may d no h>m4 ,9 ,swabia1 ,tyrol1 & ! ,upp] ,palat9ate1 :5 ! /orm rages1 !y w fl+ a spoonful or a h&ful ( meal 9 ! face ( ! gale1 ) ?is =mula 9 ! la/-nam$ di/rict1 #8,da ,w9d1 ha/ du ,mehl fr de9 ,k9d1 ab] aufhr5 mus/ du6'#fda ,! ,e>?-deity takes an important place 9 poly!i/ic religion4 ,! ,algonqu9s w\ld s+ m$ic9e-songs to ,mesukkummik ,okwi1 ! ,e>?1 ! ,great-,gr&mo!r ( all4 ,9 h] *>ge 7& %e mu/ be ev] at home 9 h] lodge7 are left ! animals ^: fle% & sk9s are man's food & clo?+1 & ! roots & m$ic9es ( sov]eign p[] to heal sickness & kill game 9 "t ( hung]2 !re=e good ,indians nev] dig up ! roots ( :i* _! m$ic9es are made1 )\t deposit+ an (f]+ 9 ! e>? = ,mesukkummik ,okwi4#fdb ,9 ! li/ ( feti%-deities ( ,p]uvian tribes1 ! ,e>?1 ador$ z ,mamapa*a1 ,"m ,e>?1 took high subord9ate rank bel[ ,sun & ,moon 9 ! pan!on ( ! ,incas1 & at h>ve/-"t gr\nd corn & libations ( *i*a 7 (f]$ to h] t %e might grant a good h>ve/4#fdc ,h] rank is simil> 9 ! ,aquapim !ology ( ,we/ ,africa2 fir/ ! ,highe/ ,god 9 ! firmam5t1 !n ! ,e>? z univ]sal "m1 !n ! feti%4 ,! negro1 (f]+ 8 libation be=e "s great und]tak+1 ?us calls ^u ! triad3 #8,creator1 come dr9k6 ,e>?1 come dr9k6 ,bosumbra1 come dr9k6'#fdd ,among ! indig5es ( ,india1 ! ,bygah tribes ( ,seonee %[ a well-m>k$ wor%ip ( ! ,e>?4 ,!y call h] #8,"m ,e>?' or ,dhurteemah1 & be=e pray+ or eat+ _! food1 :i* is look$ on always z a daily sacrifice1 !y inv>iably (f] "s ( x to ! e>?1 be=e us+ ! "n ( any o!r god4#fde ,( all religions ( ! _w1 p]haps t ( ! ,khonds ( ,orissa gives ! ,e>?-goddess h] mo/ rem>kable place & function4 ,boora ,p5nu or ,bella ,p5nu1 ! ,light-god or ,sun-god1 creat$ ,t>i ,p5nu ! ,e>?-goddess = 8 consort1 & f !m 7 born ! o!r great gods4 ,b /rife arose betwe5 ! mighty p>5ts1 & x became ! wife's "w to ?w>t ! good creation ( h] husb&1 & to cause all physical & moral ill4 ,?us to ! ,sun-wor%ipp+ sect %e /&s abhorr$ on ! bad em95ce ( ! ,evil ,deity4 ,b h] own sect1 ! ,e>?-wor%ipp+ sect1 seem to hold ideas ( h] nature :i* are m primitive & g5u9e4 ,! functions :i* !y ascribe to h]1 & ! rites ) :i* !y propitiate h]1 display h] z ! ,e>?-"m1 rais$ by an int5sely agricultural race to an extreme height ( div9ity4 ,x 0 %e :o ) drops ( h] blood made ! s(t muddy gr\nd h>d5 into firm e>?2 ?us m5 le>nt to (f] human victims1 & ! :ole e>? became firm2 ! pa/ures & pl\gh$ fields came into use1 & !re 7 cattle & %eep & p\ltry = man's s]vice2 hunt+ began1 & !re 7 iron & pl\gh%>es & h>r[s & axes1 & ! juice ( ! palm-tree2 & love arose betwe5 ! sons & daught]s ( ! p1 mak+ new h\seholds1 & society ) its relations ( fa!r & "m1 & wife & *ild1 & ! bonds betwe5 rul] & subject4 ,x 0 ! ,khond ,e>?-goddess :o 0 propitiat$ ) ^? hide\s sacrifices1 ! suppression ( :i* is matt] ( rec5t ,indian hi/ory4 ,) dances & drunk5 orgies1 & a my/]y play to expla9 9 dramatic dialogue ! purpose ( ! rite1 ! prie/ (f]$ ,t>i ,p5nu h] sacrifice1 & pray$ = *ildr5 & cattle & p\ltry & braz5 pots & all weal?2 e man & woman wi%$ a wi%1 & !y tore ! slave-victim piecemeal1 & spread ! morsels ov] ! fields !y 7 to f]tilize4#fdf ,9 ,nor!rn ,asia1 also1 among ! ,tat> races1 ! (fice ( ! ,e>?-deity is /rongly & widely m>k$4 ,?us 9 ! nature-wor%ip ( ! ,tunguz & ,buraets1 ,e>? /&s among ! great] div9ities4 ,x is especially int]e/+ to notice among ! ,f9ns a transition l t j obs]v$ f ! god ,heav5 to ! ,heav5-god4 ,9 ! designation ( ,maaem1 ,e>?-"m1 giv5 to ! e>? itself1 !re may be trac$ survival f ! /age ( direct nature-wor%ip1 :ile ! passage to ! conception ( a div9e be+ inhabit+ & rul+ ! mat]ial sub/ance1 is m>k$ by ! use ( ! "n ,maan emo1 ,e>?'s "m1 = ! anci5t subt]ranean goddess :om m5 w\ld ask to make ! grass %oot ?ick & ! ?\s&fold e>s m\nt high1 or might ev5 entreat to rise 9 p]son out ( ! e>? to give !m /r5g?4 ,! analogy ( o!r my?ologies agrees ) ! def9ition ( ! div9e pair :o reign 9 ,f9n !ology3 z ,ukko ! ,gr&fa!r is ! ,heav5-god1 s 8 sp\se ,akka ! ,gr&mo!r is ! ,e>?-goddess4#fdg ,?us 9 ! anci5t nature-wor%ip ( ,*9a1 ! p]sonal ,e>? holds a place bel[ ! ,heav54 ,ti5 & ,tu are closely associat$ 9 ! national rites1 & ! idea ( ! pair z univ]sal p>5ts1 if n an orig9al conception 9 ,*9ese !ology1 is at any rate develop$ 9 ,*9ese classic symbolism4 ,heav5 & ,e>? receive _! solemn sacrifices n at ! h&s ( common mortals b ( ! ,son ( ,heav51 ! ,emp]or1 & 8 great vassals & m&>9s4 ,yet _! adoration is national2 !y are wor%ipp$ by ! p :o (f] inc5se to !m on ! hill-tops at _! autumn fe/ival1 !y are ador$ by successful c&idates 9 competitive exam9ation2 &1 especially & appropriately1 ! pro/ration ( bride & bridegroom be=e ! fa!r & "m ( all ?+s1 ! #8wor%ipp+ ( ,heav5 & ,e>?1' is ! all-important c]emony ( a ,*9ese m>riage4#fdh ,! ,v$ic hymns commemorate ! goddess ,pri?iv1 ! broad ,e>?1 & 9 _! anci5t /rophes ! mod]n ,brahmans /ill pray = b5efits to "m ,e>? & fa!r ,heav51 side by side3-- #8,tanno ,vto mayobhu vtu bhe%ajam tanmt ,pri?iv tatpit ,dyauh4'#fdi ,greek religion %[s a transition to h tak5 place l t among ! ,turanian tribes1 = ! old] simpl] nature-deity ,gaia1 1 ,e>? ! ,all-,"m1 seems to h fad$ into ! m an?ropomorphic ,dmtr1 ,e>?-,"m1 ^: et]nal fire burn$ 9 ,mant9a1 & ^: temples /ood f> & wide ov] ! l& :i* %e made k9dly to ! ,greek husb&man4#fej ,! ,romans ackn[l$g$ h] pla9 id5tity z ,t]ra ,mat]1 ,ops ,mat]4#fea ,tacitus c\ld rightly recognize ?is deity ( 8 own l& among ,g]man tribes1 wor%ipp]s ( #8,n]?um 7or1 ,h]?am71 id e/ ,t]ram matrem1' ,"m ,e>?1 ^: holy grove /ood 9 an ocean isle1 ^: *>iot drawn by c[s pass$ ?r\gh ! l& mak+ a season ( peace & joy1 till ! goddess1 satiat$ ) mortal conv]sation1 0 tak5 back by h] prie/ to h] temple1 & ! *>iot & g>m5ts & ev5 ! goddess h]self 7 wa%$ 9 a secret lake1 :i* =?) swall[$ up ! m9i/]+ slaves--#8h5ce a my/]i\s t]ror & sacr$ ignorance1 :at t %\ld be :i* only ! doom$ to p]i% might behold4'#feb ,if 9 ^! mod]n days we seek 9 ,europe traces ( ,e>?-wor%ip1 we may f9d !m 9 curi\sly di/9ct survival 9 ,g]many1 if no long] 9 ! ,*ri/mas food-(f]+s buri$ 9 & = ! e>? up to e>ly 9 ?is c5tury1#fec at any rate among ,gypsy hordes4 ,dewel1 ! great god 9 heav5 7dewa1 deus71 is r fe>$ ?an lov$ by ^! wea!rbeat5 outca/s1 = he h>ms !m on _! w&]+s ) 8 ?und] & lightn+1 8 sn[ & ra91 & 8 />s int]f]e ) _! d>k do+s4 ,!re=e !y curse him f\lly :5 mis=tune falls on !m1 & :5 a *ild dies1 !y say t ,dewel has eat5 x4 ,b ,e>?1 ,"m ( all good1 self-exi/+ f ! beg9n+1 is to !m holy1 s holy t !y take he$ nev] to let ! dr9k+-cup t\* ! gr\nd1 = x w\ld become too sacr$ to be us$ by m54#fed ,wat]-wor%ip1 z has be5 se51 may be classifi$ z a special dep>tm5t ( religion4 ,x by no means foll[s1 h[ev]1 t savage wat]-wor%ipp]s %\ld necess>ily h g5]aliz$ _! ideas1 & pass$ beyond _! p>ticul> wat]-deities to arrive at ! conception ( a g5]al deity presid+ ov] wat] z an elem5t4 ,div9e spr+s1 /reams1 & lakes1 wat]-spirits1 deities conc]n$ ) ! cl\ds & ra91 are frequ5t1 & _m details ( !m are cit$ "h1 b ,i h n succe$$ 9 f9d+ among ! l[] races any div9ity ^: attributes1 fairly criticiz$1 w %[ him or h] to be an orig9al & absolute elem5tal ,wat]-god4 ,among ! deities ( ! ,dakotas1 ,unktahe ! fi%-god ( ! wat]s is a ma/]-_s ( sorc]y & religion1 ! rival ev5 ( ! mighty ,?und]bird4#fee ,9 ! ,mexican pan!on1 ,tlaloc god ( ra9 & wat]s1 f]tiliz] ( e>? & "l ( p>adise1 ^: wife is ,*al*ihuitlicue1 ,em]ald-,skirt1 dwells among ! m\nta9-tops :]e ! cl\ds ga!r & p\r d[n ! /reams4#fef ,yet nei!r ( ^! my?ic be+s approa*es ! g5]ality ( conception t belongs to full elem5tal deity1 & ev5 ! ,greek ,nreus1 ?\gh by 8 "n he %\ld be ! v p]sonification ( wat] 771 seems too exclusively m>9e 9 8 home & family to be cit$ z ! ,wat]-god4 ,nor is ! reason ( ?is h>d to f9d4 ,x is an extreme /ret* ( ! p[] ( !ological g5]alization to br+ wat] 9 its myriad =ms "u "o div9ity1 ?\gh ea* individual body ( wat]1 ev5 ! smalle/ /ream or lake1 c h its p]sonal individuality or indwell+ _s4 ,isl&]s & coa/-dwell]s inde$ live face to face ) mighty wat]-deities1 ! div9e ,sea & ! great ,sea-gods4 ,:at ! sea may seem to an uncultur$ man :o fir/ beholds x1 we may le>n among ! ,lampongs ( ,sumatra3 #8,! inl& p ( t c\ntry are said to pay a k9d ( adoration to ! sea1 & to make to x an (f]+ ( cakes & sweetmeats on _! behold+ x = ! fir/ "t1 deprecat+ its p[] ( do+ !m mis*ief4'#feg ,! high] /age ( su* doctr9e is :]e ! sea1 no long] itself p]sonal1 is consid]$ z rul$ by indwell+ spirits4 ,?us ,tu>aatai & ,ruahatu1 pr9cipal among m>9e deities ( ,polynesia1 s5d ! %>ks to execute _! v5geance4 ,hiro desc5ds to ! dep?s ( ! ocean & dwells among ! mon/]s1 !y lull him to sleep 9 a cav]n1 ! ,w9d-god pr(its by 8 abs5ce to raise a viol5t /orm to de/roy ! boats 9 :i* ,hiro's fri5ds are sail+1 b1 r\s$ by a fri5dly _s-mess5g]1 ! ,sea-god rises to ! surface & quells ! tempe/4#feh ,?is ,s\? ,sea ,isl& my? might well h be5 9 ! ,odyssey4 ,we may po9t to ! ,gu9ea ,coa/ z a b>b>ic region :]e ,sea-wor%ip survives 9 its extreme/ =m4 ,x appe>s f ,bosman's acc\nt1 ab\t #agjj1 t 9 ! religion ( ,:ydah1 ! ,sea rank$ only z y\ng] bro!r 9 ! ?ree div9e ord]s1 bel[ ! ,s]p5ts & ,trees4 ,b at pres5t1 z appe>s f ,capta9 ,burton's evid5ce1 ! religion ( ,:ydah ext5ds ?r\gh ,dahome1 & ! div9e ,sea has ris5 9 rank4 #8,! y\nge/ bro!r ( ! triad is ,hu1 ! ocean or sea4 ,=m]ly x 0 subject to *a/isem5t1 l ! ,hellespont1 if idle or useless4 ,! ,huno1 or ocean prie/1 is n[ consid]$ ! highe/ ( all1 a feti% k+1 at ,:ydah1 :]e he has #ejj wives4 ,at /at$ times he repairs to ! bea*1 begs #8,agbwe1' ! 444 ocean god1 n to be boi/]\s1 & ?r[s 9 rice & corn1 oil & beans1 clo?1 c[ries1 & o!r valuables4444 ,at times ! k+ s5ds z an ocean sacrifice f ,agbome a man c>ri$ 9 a hammock1 ) ! dress1 ! /ool1 & ! umbrella ( a caboce]2 a canoe takes him out to sea1 :]e he is ?r[n to ! %>ks4'#fei ,:ile 9 ^! descriptions ! individual div9e p]sonality ( ! sea is s well m>k$1 an acc\nt ( ! closely relat$ ,slave ,coa/ religion /ates t a great god dwells 9 ! sea1 & x is to him1 n to ! sea itself1 t (f]+s are ca/ 94#ffj ,9 ,s\? ,am]ica ! idea ( ! div9e ,sea is cle>ly m>k$ 9 ! ,p]uvian wor%ip ( ,mamaco*a1 ,"m ,sea1 giv] ( food to m54#ffa ,ea/]n ,asia1 bo? 9 its /ages ( l[] & high] civilization1 contributes memb]s to ! div9e gr\p4 ,9 ,kam*atka1 ,mitgk ! ,great ,_s ( ! ,sea1 fi%-l himself1 s5ds ! fi% up ! riv]s4#ffb ,japan deifies sep>ately on l& & at sea ! lords ( ! wat]s2 ,midsuno ,kami1 ! ,wat]-god1 is wor%ipp$ dur+ ! ra9y season2 ,jebisu1 ! ,sea-god1 is y\ng] bro!r ( ! ,sun4#ffc ,among b>b>ic races we ?us f9d two conceptions curr5t1 ! p]sonal div9e ,sea & ! an?ropomorphic ,sea-god4 ,^! repres5t two /ages ( developm5t ( "o idea--! view ( ! natural object z itself an animat$ be+1 & ! sep>ation ( its animat+ feti%-s\l z a di/9ct spiritual deity4 ,to foll[ ! enquiry into classic times %[s ! same di/9ction z /rongly m>k$4 ,:5 ,kleom5es m>*$ d[n to ,?yrea1 hav+ slaught]$ a bull to ! sea 7 7 he emb>k$ 8 army 9 %ips = ! ,tiryn?ian l& & ,nauplia4#ffd ,cic]o makes ,cotta rem>k to ,balbus t #8our g5]als1 emb>k+ on ! sea1 h be5 accu/om$ to immolate a victim to ! waves1' & he goes on to argue1 n unfairly1 t if ! ,e>? h]self is a goddess1 :at is %e o!r ?an ,tellus1 & #8if ! ,e>?1 ! ,sea too1 :om ?\ said/ to be ,neptune4'#ffe ,"h is direct nature-wor%ip 9 its extreme/ s5se ( feti%-wor%ip4 ,b 9 ! an?ropomorphic /age appe> t dim pr-,olympian figure ( ,nreus ! ,old ,man ( ! ,sea1 fa!r ( ! ,n]eids 9 _! ocean caves1 & ! ,hom]ic ,poseidn ! ,e>?-%ak]1 :o /ables 8 c\rs]s 9 8 cave 9 ! gean deeps1 :o h>nesses ! gold-man$ /e$s to 8 *>iot & drives ?r\gh ! divid+ waves1 :ile ! subject sea-bea/s come up at ! pass+ ( _! "l1 a k+ s little b\nd to ! elem5t he gov]ns1 t he c come f ! br9e to sit 9 ! mid/ ( ! gods 9 ! assembly on ,olympos1 & ask ! w ( ,zeus4#fff ,fire-wor%ip br+s into view aga91 ?\gh "u diff]5t aspects & ) diff]5t results1 ! problems pres5t$ by wat]-wor%ip4 ,! real & absolute wor%ip ( fire falls into two great divisions1 ! fir/ belong+ r to feti%ism1 ! second to poly!ism prop]1 & ! two app>5tly repres5t+ an e>li] & lat] /age ( !ological ideas4 ,! fir/ is ! rude b>b>ian's adoration ( ! actual flame :i* he wat*es wri?+1 ro>+1 dev\r+ l a live animal2 ! second belongs to an advanc$ g5]alization1 t any individual fire is a manife/ation ( "o g5]al elem5tal be+--! ,fire-god4 ,un=tunately1 evid5ce ( ! exact mean+ ( fire-wor%ip among ! l[] races is scanty1 :ile ! transition f feti%ism to poly!ism seems a gradual process ( :i* ! /ages elude close def9ition4 ,moreov]1 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t rites p]=m$ ) fire are1 ?\gh (t51 yet by no means necess>ily1 due to wor%ip ( ! fire itself4 ,au?ors :o h indiscrim9ately mix$ up su* rites z ! new fire1 ! p]petual fire1 ! pass+ ?r\gh ! fire1 class+ !m z acts ( fire-wor%ip1 )\t prop] evid5ce z to _! mean+ 9 any p>ticul> case1 h add$ to ! p]plexity ( a subject n too easy to deal )1 ev5 "u /rict precautions4 ,two s\rces ( error are especially to be not$4 ,on ! "o h&1 fire happ5s to be a usual means :]eby sacrifices are transmitt$ to dep>t$ s\ls & deities 9 g5]al2 & on ! o!r h&1 ! c]emonies ( e>?ly fire-wor%ip are habitually & naturally transf]r$ to cele/ial fire-wor%ip 9 ! religion ( ! ,sun4 ,x may be/ s]ve ! pres5t purpose to c>ry a l9e ( "s ( ! be/-def9$ facts :i* seems to be> on fire-wor%ip prop]1 f savag]y on into ! high] culture4 ,9 ! la/ c5tury1 ,loskiel1 a mission>y among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 rem>ks t #8,9 great dang]1 an ,indian has be5 obs]v$ to lie pro/rate on 8 face1 & ?r[+ a h&ful ( tobacco into ! fire1 to call al\d1 z 9 an agony ( di/ress1 8,!re1 take & smoke1 be pacifi$1 & don't hurt me40' ,( c\rse ?is may h be5 a m]e sacrifice transmitt$ to "s o!r spiritual be+ ?r\gh fire1 b we h 9 ?is region explicit /atem5ts z to a di/9ct fire-deity4 ,! ,delaw>es1 x appe>s f ! same au?or1 ackn[l$g$ ! ,fire-manitu1 fir/ p>5t ( all ,indian nations1 & celebrat$ a ye>ly fe/ival 9 8 hon\r1 :5 twelve manitus1 animal & vegetable1 att5d$ him z subord9ate deities4#ffg ,9 ,nor?-,we/ ,am]ica1 9 ,wa%+ton ,irv+'s acc\nt ( ! ,*9ooks & o!r ,columbia ,riv] ,tribes1 m5tion is made ( ! _s :i* inhabits fire4 ,p[]ful bo? = evil & good1 & seem+ly r evil ?an good 9 nature1 ?is be+ mu/ be kept 9 good hum\r by frequ5t (f]+s4 ,! ,fire-_s has great influ5ce ) ! w+$ arial supreme deity1 :]e=e ! ,indians implore him to be _! int]pret]1 to procure !m success 9 hunt+ & fi%+1 fleet horses1 ob$i5t wives1 & male *ildr54#ffh ,9 ! elaborately sy/ematic religion ( ,mexico1 !re appe>s 9 8 prop] place a ,fire-god1 closely relat$ to ! ,sun-god 9 "*1 b keep+ well m>k$ 8 prop] id5tity4 ,8 "n 0 ,xiuhteuctli1 ,fire-"l1 & !y call$ him likewise ,huehueteotl1 ! old god4 ,great hon\r 0 paid to ?is god ,fire1 :o gives !m heat1 & bakes _! cakes1 & roa/s _! meat4 ,!re=e at e meal ! fir/ morsel & libation 7 ca/ into ! fire1 & e day ! deity _h inc5se burnt to him4 ,twice 9 ! ye> 7 held 8 solemn fe/ivals4 ,at ! fir/1 a fell$ tree 0 set up 9 8 hon\r1 & ! sacrific]s danc$ r\nd 8 fire ) ! human victims1 :om aft]w>ds !y ca/ into a great fire1 only to drag !m out half roa/$ = ! prie/s to complete ! sacrifice4 ,! second 0 di/+ui%$ by ! rite ( ! new fire1 s well kn[n 9 connexion ) sol> wor%ip2 ! friction-fire 0 solemnly made be=e ! image ( ,xiuhteuctli 9 8 sanctu>y 9 ! c\rt ( ! great teocalli1 & ! game br\ght 9 at ! great hunt :i* began ! fe/ival 0 cook$ at ! sacr$ fire = ! banquets t end$ x4#ffi ,polynesia well kn[s f ! my?ological po9t ( view ,mahuika ! ,fire-god1 :o keeps ! volcano-fire on 8 subt]ranean he>?1 :i!r ,maui goes d[n 7z ! ,sun into ! ,und]world7 to br+ up fire = man2 b 9 ! ,s\? ,sea isl&s !re is sc>cely a trace ( actual rites ( fire-wor%ip4#fgj ,9 ,we/ ,africa1 among ! gods ( ,dahome is ,zo ! fire-feti%2 a pot ( fire is plac$ 9 a room1 & sacrifice is (f]$ to x1 t fire may #8live' !re1 & n g =? to de/roy ! h\se4#fga ,asia is a region :]e di/9ct fire-wor%ip may be peculi>ly well trac$ ?r\gh ! range ( l[] & high] civilization4 ,! rude ,kam*adals1 wor%ipp+ all ?+s t did !m h>m or good1 wor%ipp$ ! fire1 (f]+ to x noses ( foxes & o!r game1 s t "o might tell by look+ at furs :e!r !y _h be5 tak5 by baptiz$ or hea!n hunt]s4#fgb ,! ,a9os ( ,yesso wor%ip ,abe kamui ! ,fire-deity z ! b5efactor ( m51 ! mess5g] to ! o!r gods1 ! purifi] :o heals ! sick4#fgc ,turanian tribes likewise hold fire a sacr$ elem5t1 _m ,tunguz1 ,mongol1 & ,turk tribes sacrifice to ,fire1 & "s clans w n eat meat )\t fir/ ?r[+ a morsel ^u ! he>?4 ,! foll[+ passage is f a ,mongol w$d+-song to ! p]sonifi$ ,fire1 #8,"m ,ut1 ,que5 ( ,fire1 ?\ :o art made f ! elm t gr[s on ! m\nta9-tops ( ,*anggai-,*an & ,bur*atu-,*an1 ?\ :o did/ come =? :5 heav5 & e>? divid$1 did/ come =? f ! foot/eps ( ,"m ,e>?1 & wa/ =m$ by ! ,k+ ( ,gods4 ,"m ,ut1 ^: fa!r is ! h>d /eel1 ^: "m is ! fl9t1 ^: ance/ors are ! elm-trees1 ^: %9+ rea*es to ! sky & p]vades ! e>?4 ,goddess ,ut1 we br+ !e yell[ oil = (f]+1 & a :ite we!r ) yell[ head1 ?\ :o ha/ a manly son1 a beaute\s daught]-9-law1 bright daught]s4 ,to !e1 ,"m ,ut1 :o ev] looke/ upw>d1 we br+ br&y 9 b[ls1 & fat 9 bo? h&s4 ,give prosp]ity to ! ,k+'s son 7! bridegroom71 to ! ,k+'s daught] 7! bride71 & to all ! p6'#fgd ,z an analogue to ,hephai/os ! ,greek div9e smi?1 may /& ! ,circassian ,fire-god1 ,tleps1 patron ( metal-work]s1 & ! peasants :om he has provid$ ) pl\gh & hoe4#fge ,among ! mo/ anci5t cultur$ nations ( ! ,old ,_w1 ,egyptians1 ,babylonians1 ,assyrians1 acc\nts ( fire-wor%ip are abs5t1 or s scanty & obscure t _! /udy is m valuable 9 compil+ ! hi/ory ?an 9 elucidat+ ! pr9ciples ( religion4#fgf ,= ?is sci5tific purpose1 ! m full & m9ute docum5ts ( ,aryan religion c give a bett] answ]4 ,9 v>i\s =ms & "u sev]al names1 ! ,fire-god is kn[n4 ,n[h]e does he c>ry 8 p]sonality m di/9ctly ?an "u 8 ,sanskrit "n ( ,agni1 a ^w :i* keeps its quality1 ?\gh n 8 div9ity1 9 ! ,lat9 #8ignis4' ,! "n ( ,agni is ! fir/ ^w ( ! fir/ hymn ( ! ,rig-,v$a3 #8,agnim le puro-hitam yajnasya devam ritvijam6--,agni ,i entreat1 div9e appo9t$ prie/ ( sacrifice6' ,! sacrifices :i* ,agni receives g to ! gods1 he is ! m\? ( ! gods1 b he is no l[ly m9i/]1 z x is said 9 ano!r hymn3 #8,no god inde$1 no mortal is beyond ! might ( !e1 ! mighty "o1 ) ! ,m>uts come hi!r1 ,o ,agni6' ,su* ! mighty ,agni is among ! gods1 yet he comes )9 ! peasant's cottage to be protector ( ! dome/ic he>?4 ,8 wor%ip has surviv$ ! trans=mation ( ! anci5t patri>*al ,v$ic religion ( nature into ! prie/-ridd5 ,h9duism ( our own day4 ,9 ,india !re may yet be f\nd ! s-call$ ,fire-prie/s 7,agnihotri7 :o p]=m accord+ to ,v$ic rite ! sacrifices entitl+ ! wor%ipp]s to heav5ly life4 ,! sacr$ fire-drill = *urn+ ! new fire by friction ( wood 7arani7 is us$ s t ,agni /ill is new-born ( ! twirl+ fire-/icks1 & receives ! melt$ butt] ( ! sacrifice4#fgg ,among ! records ( fire-wor%ip 9 ,asia1 is ! acc\nt ( ,jonas ,hanways's #8,travels1' dat+ f ab\t #agdj1 ( ! ev]la/+ fire at ! burn+ wells ne> ,baku1 on ! ,caspian4 ,at ! sacr$ spot /ood sev]al anci5t /one temples1 mo/ly ar*$ vaults #aj to #ae feet high4 ,"o little temple 0 /ill us$ = wor%ip1 ne> ! alt> ( :i*1 ab\t ?ree feet high1 a l>ge holl[ cane convey$ ! gas up f ! gr\nd1 burn+ at ! m\? ) a blue flame4 ,"h 7 g5]ally =ty or fifty poor devotees1 come on pilgrimage f _! c\ntry to make expiation = !mselves & o!rs1 & subsi/+ on wild cel]y1 c4 ,^! pilgrims are describ$ z m>k+ _! =eheads ) saffron1 & hav+ great v5]ation = a r$ c[2 !y wore little clo?+1 & ! holie/ ( !m kept "o arm on _! heads1 or cont9u$ unmov$ 9 "s o!r po/ure2 !y are describ$ z ,gheb]s1 or ,g\rs1 ! usual ,moslem t]m = ,fire-wor%ipp]s4#fgh ,9 g5]al1 ?is "n ( ,gheb]s is appli$ to ! ,zoroa/rians or ,p>sis1 :om a mod]n ,european w\ld all b surely po9t to if ask$ to in/ance a mod]n race ( ,fire-wor%ipp]s4 ,classical acc\nts ( ! ,p]sian religion set d[n fire-wor%ip z "p & p>cel ( x2 ! ,magi1 x is record$1 hold ! gods to be ,fire & ,e>? & ,wat]2 & aga91 ! ,p]sians reckon ! ,fire to be a god 774#fgi ,on ! te/imony ( ! old religi\s books ( ! ,p>sis !mselves1 ,fire1 z ! greate/ ,iz$1 z giv] ( increase & heal?1 z crav+ = wood & sc5ts & fat1 seems to take ! di/9cte/ div9e p]sonality4 ,_! doctr9e t ,ardebehi/1 ! presid+ angel or _s ( fire1 is ador$1 b n ! mat]ial object he belongs to1 is a p]fect in/ance ( ! developm5t ( ! idea ( an elem5tal div9ity f t ( an animat$ feti%4 ,:51 driv5 by ,moslem p]secution f ,p]sia1 ,p>si exiles l&$ 9 ,guj>at1 !y describ$ _! religion 9 an (ficial docum5t z be+ ! wor%ip ( ,agni or ,fire1 ?us claim+ = !mselves a place among recogniz$ ,h9du sects4#fhj ,9 mod]n times1 ?\gh = ! mo/ "p ! ,p>sis h f\nd tol]ation & prosp]ity 9 ,india1 yet an oppress$ remnant ( ! race /ill keeps up ! ev]la/+ fires at ,yezd & ,kirman1 9 _! old ,p]sian l&4 ,! mod]n ,p>sis1 z 9 ,/rabo's "t1 scruple to defile ! fire or bl[ x ) _! brea?1 !y ab/a9 f smok+ out ( reg>d n to !mselves b to ! sacr$ elem5t1 & !y keep up consecrat$ ev]-burn+ fires be=e :i* !y d wor%ip4 ,nev]!less1 ,pr(4 ,max ,mll] is able to say ( ! ,p>sis ( our own day3 #8,! s-call$ ,fire-wor%ipp]s c]ta9ly d n wor%ip ! fire1 & !y naturally object to a "n :i* seems to place !m on a level ) m]e idolators4 ,all !y admit is1 t 9 _! y\? !y are taught to face "s lum9\s object :ile wor%ipp+ ,god1 & t !y reg>d ! fire1 l o!r great natural ph5om5a1 z an emblem ( ! ,div9e p[]4 ,b !y assure u t !y nev] ask assi/ance or bless+s f an un9tellig5t mat]ial object1 nor is x ev5 consid]$ necess>y to turn ! face to any emblem :atev] 9 pray+ to ,ormuzd4'#fha ,n[1 admitt+ ?is view ( fire-wor%ip z true ( ! m intellig5t ,p>sis1 & leav+ aside ! "q h[ f> among ! m ignorant ?is symbolism may bl5d 7z 9 su* cases is usual7 into actual adoration1 we may ask :at is ! hi/ory ( c]emonies :i* ?us imitate1 yet are n1 fire-wor%ip4 ,! e?nographic answ] is cle> & in/ructive4 ,! ,p>si is ! desc5dant ( a race 9 ?is respect repres5t$ by ! mod]n ,h9du1 a race :o did simply & actually wor%ip ,fire4 ,fire-wor%ip /ill =ms a l9k hi/orically connect+ ! ,v$ic ) ! ,zoroa/rian ritual2 = ! ,agni%toma or praise ( ,agni ! ,fire1 :]e f\r goats are to be sacrific$ & burnt1 is repres5t$ by ! ,yaji%n c]emony1 :]e ! ,p>si prie/s are n[ cont5t to put "s hair ( an ox 9 a vessel & %[ x to ! ,fire4 ,b ! developm5t ( ! m philosophic ,z>a?u/rian doctr9es has l$ to a result common 9 ! hi/ory ( religion1 t ! anci5t di/9ctly meant rite has dw9dl$ to a symbol1 to be pres]v$ ) *ang$ s5se 9 a new !ology4 ,some:at ( ! same k9d may h tak5 place among ! ,european race :o seem 9 "s respects ! close/ relatives ( ! old ,p]sians4 ,slavonic hi/ory possibly keeps up "s trace ( direct & absolute fire-wor%ip1 z :]e 9 ,bohemia ! ,pagans are describ$ z wor%ipp+ fires1 groves1 trees1 /ones4 ,b ?\gh ! ,li?uanians & ,old ,prussians & ,russians are among ! nations ^: especial rite x 0 to keep up sacr$ ev]la/+ fires1 yet x seems t _! fire-rites 7 9 ! symbolic /age1 c]emonies ( _! great cele/ial-sol> religion1 r ?an acts ( direct wor%ip to a ,fire-god4#fhb ,classical religion1 on ! o!r h&1 br+s prom95tly into view ! special deities ( fire4 ,hphai/os1 ,vulcan1 ! div9e metallurgi/ :o _h 8 temples on tna & ,lip>i1 /&s 9 especial connexion ) ! subt]ranean volcanic fire1 & comb9es ! nature ( ! ,polynesian ,mahuika & ! ,circassian ,tleps4 ,! ,greek ,he/ia1 ! div9e he>?1 ! ev]-virg9 v5]able goddess1 to :om ,zeus gave fair (fice in/ead ( w$lock1 sits 9 ! mid/ ( ! h\se1 receiv+ fat3-- #8 1 ' ' 4' ,9 ! high halls ( gods & m5 %e has h] ev]la/+ seat1 & )\t h] are no banquets among mortals1 = to ,he/ia fir/ & la/ is p\r$ ! honey-sweet w9e3-- #81 ' 1 1 1 ' 4'#fhc ,9 ,greek civil life1 ,he/ia sat 9 h\se & assembly z repres5tative ( dome/ic & social ord]4 ,l h] 9 "n & orig91 b n altoge!r 9 developm5t1 is ,ve/a ) h] anci5t ,roman cultus1 & h] ret9ue ( virg9s to keep up h] pure et]nal fire 9 h] temple1 ne$+ no image1 = %e h]self dwelt )93-- #8,esse diu /ultus ,ve/ simulacra putavi3 ,mox didici curvo nulla subesse ?olo4 ,ignis inext9ctus templo celatur 9 illo4 ,effigiem nullam ,ve/a nec ignis habet4'#fhd ,! la/ l+]+ relics ( fire-wor%ip 9 ,europe rea* u1 z usual1 bo? ?r\gh ,turanian & ,aryan *annels ( folklore4 ,! ,e/honian bride consecrates h] new he>? & home by an (f]+ ( money ca/ into ! fire1 or laid on ! ov5 = ,tule-ema1 ,fire-"m4#fhe ,! ,c>9?ian peasant w #8fodd]' ! fire to make x k9dly1 & ?r[ l>d or dripp+ to x1 t x may n burn 8 h\se4 ,to ! ,bohemian x is a godless ?+ to spit into ! fire1 #8,god's fire' z he calls x4 ,x is n "r to ?r[ away ! crumbs aft] a meal1 = !y belong to ! fire4 ,( e k9d ( di% "s %\ld be giv5 to ! fire1 & if "s runs ov] x is wrong to scold1 = x belongs to ! fire4 ,x is because ^! rites are n[ s neglect$ t h>mful fires s (t5 break out4#fhf ,:at ! ,sea is to ,wat]-wor%ip1 9 "s measure ! ,sun is to ,fire-wor%ip4 ,f ! doctr9es & rites ( e>?ly fire1 v>i\s & ambigu\s 9 "*1 g5]aliz$ f _m ph5om5a1 appli$ to _m purposes1 we pass to ! religion ( heav5ly fire1 ^: great deity has a p]fect def9it5ess f 8 embodim5t 9 "o great individual feti%1 ! ,sun4 ,rivall+ 9 p[] & glory ! all-encompass+ ,heav51 ! ,sun moves em95t among ! deities ( nature1 no m]e cosmic globe affect+ di/ant mat]ial worlds by =ce 9 ! guise ( light & heat & gravity1 b a liv+ reign+ ,"l3-- #8,o ?\1 t ) surpass+ glory cr[n'd1 ,look'/ f ?y sole dom9ion l ! ,god ,( ?is new _w4' ,x is no exagg]ation to say1 ) ,sir ,william ,jones1 t "o great f\nta9 ( all idolatry 9 ! f\r qu>t]s ( ! globe 0 ! v5]ation paid by m5 to ! sun3 x is no m ?an an exagg]ation to say ) ,mr4 ,helps ( ! sun-wor%ip 9 ,p]u1 t x 0 inevitable4 ,sun-wor%ip is by no means univ]sal among ! l[] races ( mank9d1 b manife/s itself 9 ! upp] levels ( savage religion 9 di/ricts f> & wide ov] ! e>?1 (t5 assum+ ! prom95ce :i* x keeps & develops 9 ! fai?s ( ! b>b>ic _w4 ,:y "s races are sun-wor%ipp]s & o!rs n1 is inde$ too h>d a "q to answ] 9 g5]al t]ms4 ,yet "o important reason is obvi\s1 t ! ,sun is n s evid5tly ! god ( wild hunt]s & fi%]s1 z ( ! till]s ( ! soil1 :o wat* him day by day giv+ or tak+ away _! weal? & _! v life4 ,on ! geographical significance ( sun-wor%ip1 ,d',orbigny has made a rem>k1 sugge/ive if n altoge!r s\nd1 connect+ ! wor%ip ( ! sun n s mu* ) ! torrid regions :]e 8 gl>+ heat oppresses man all day long1 & drives him to ! %ade = refuge1 z ) climates :]e 8 pres5ce is welcom$ = 8 life-giv+ heat1 & nature *ills at 8 dep>ture4 ,?us :ile ! l[ sultry =e/s ( ,s\? ,am]ica %[ little prom95ce ( ,sun-wor%ip1 ?is is ! dom9ant organiz$ cultus ( ! high table-l&s ( ,p]u & ,cund9am>ca4#fhg ,! !ory is +5i\s1 & if n c>ri$ too f> may (t5 be support$4 ,we may well comp>e ! feel+s ) :i* ! sun-wor%ipp+ ,massaget ( ,t>t>y mu/ h sacrific$ _! horses to ! deity :o fre$ !m f ! mis]ies ( w9t]1 ) ! ?\ghts ( m5 9 ^? burn+ l&s ( ,c5tral ,africa :]e1 z ,sir ,samuel ,bak] says1 #8! ris+ ( ! sun is always dread$ 444 ! sun is reg>d$ z ! common enemy1' words :i* recall ,h]odotus' old description ( ! ,atlantes or ,at>antes :o dwelt 9 ! int]ior ( ,africa1 :o curs$ ! sun at 8 ris+1 & abus$ him ) %ameful epi!ts = afflict+ !m ) 8 burn+ heat1 !m & _! l&4#fhh ,! details ( ,sun-wor%ip among ! native races ( ,am]ica give an epitome ( its developm5t among mank9d at l>ge4 ,among _m ( ! rud] tribes ( ! nor!rn cont95t1 ! ,sun is look$ ^u z "o ( ! great deities1 z repres5tative ( ! greate/ deity1 or z t greate/ deity himself4 ,indian *iefs ( ,hudson's ,bay smok$ ?rice to ! ris+ sun4 ,9 ,vanc\v] ,isl& m5 pray 9 "t ( ne$ to ! sun z he m\nts t[>d ! z5i?4 ,among ! ,delaw>es ! sun receiv$ sacrifice z second among ! twelve great manitus2 ! ,virg9ians b[$ be=e him ) uplift$ h&s & eyes z he rose & set2 ! ,pottawatomis w\ld climb sometimes at sunrise on _! huts1 to kneel & (f] to ! lum9>y a mess ( ,indian corn2 8 lik5ess is f\nd repres5t+ ! ,great ,manitu 9 ,algonqu9 picture-writ+s4 ,fa!r ,h5nep91 ^: "n is well kn[n to geologi/s z ! e>lie/ visitor to ! ,falls ( ,niag>a1 ab\t #afgh1 gives an acc\nt ( ! native tribes1 ,si\x & o!rs1 ( ?is f>-we/ region4 ,he describes !m z v5]at+ ! ,sun1 #8:i* !y recognize1 ?\gh only 9 appe>ance1 z ! ,mak] & ,pres]v] ( all ?+s2' to him fir/ !y (f] ! calumet :5 !y light x1 & to him !y (t5 pres5t ! be/ & mo/ delicate ( _! game 9 ! lodge ( ! *ief1 #8:o pr(its m by x ?an ! ,sun4' ,! ,creeks reg>d$ ! ,sun z symbol or m9i/] ( ! ,great ,_s1 s5d+ t[>d him ! fir/ puff ( ! calumet at treaties1 & b[+ rev]5tly t[>d him 9 confirm+ _! c\ncil talk or h>angu+ _! w>riors to battle4#fhi ,among ! rude ,botocudos ( ,brazil1 ! idea ( ! ,sun z ! great good deity seems n unkn[n2 ! ,araucanians are describ$ z br++ (f]+s to him z highe/ deity2 ! ,puel*es z ascrib+ to ! sun1 & pray+ to him =1 all good ?+s !y possess or desire2 ! ,diaguitas ( ,tucuman z hav+ temples d$icat$ to ! ,sun1 :om !y ador$1 & to :om !y consecrat$ birds' fea!rs1 :i* !y !n br\ght back to _! cab9s1 & spr9kl$ f "t to "t ) ! blood ( animals4#fij ,su* acc\nts ( ,sun-wor%ip appe>+ 9 ! l[] native culture ( ,am]ica1 may be tak5 to repres5t its fir/ /age4 ,x is on ! :ole )9 di/9ctly high] culture t its second /age appe>s1 :]e x has atta9$ to full developm5t ( ritual & appurt5ance1 & become 9 "s cases ev5 ! c5tral doctr9e ( national religion & /atecraft4 ,sun-wor%ip _h rea*$ ?is level among ! ,nat*ez ( ,l\isiana1 ) :om v>i\s o!r tribes ( ?is di/rict /ood 9 close relation4 ,e morn+ at sunrise ! great ,sun-*ief /ood at ! h\se-door fac+ ! ea/1 %\t$ & pro/rat$ himself ?rice1 & smok$ fir/ t[>d ! sun1 & !n t[>d ! o!r ?ree qu>t]s4 ,! ,sun-temple 0 a circul> hut "s ?irty feet across & dome-ro($3 "h 9 ! mid/ 0 kept up ! ev]la/+ fire1 "h pray] 0 (f]$ ?rice daily1 & "h 7 kept images & feti%es & ! bones ( dead *iefs4 ,! ,nat*ez gov]nm5t 0 a sol> hi]>*y4 ,at its head /ood ! great *ief1 call$ ! ,sun or ! ,sun's bro!r1 high prie/ & despot ov] 8 p4 ,by 8 side /ood 8 si/] or ne>e/ female relative1 ! female *ief :o ( all wom5 0 alone p]mitt$ to ent] ! ,sun-temple4 ,h] son1 aft] ! cu/om ( female succession common among ! l[] races1 w\ld succe$ to ! primacy & *ief%ip2 & ! sol> family took to !mselves1 wives & husb&s f ! plebeian ord]1 :o 7 _! inf]iors 9 life1 & 7 sla9 to foll[ !m z att5dants 9 dea?4#fia ,ano!r nation ( sun-wor%ipp]s 7 ! ,apala*es ( ,florida1 ^: daily s]vice 0 to salute ! ,sun at _! doors z he rose & set4 ,! ,sun1 !y said1 _h built 8 own conical m\nta9 ( ,olaimi1 ) its spiral pa? lead+ to ! cave-temple1 9 ! ea/ side4 ,"h1 at ! f\r sol> fe/ivals1 ! wor%ipp]s salut$ ! ris+ sun ) *ants & inc5se z 8 rays ent]$ ! sanctu>y1 & aga9 :5 at midday ! sunlight p\r$ d[n ^u ! alt> ?r\gh ! hole or %aft pi]c$ = ?is purpose 9 ! rocky vault ( ! cave2 ?r\gh ?is passage ! sun-birds1 ! tonatzuli1 7 let fly up sunw>d z mess5g]s1 & ! c]emony 0 ov]4#fib ,day by day1 9 ! temples ( ,mexico1 ! ris+ sun 0 welcom$ ) bla/ ( horns1 & inc5se1 & (f]+ ( a little ( ! (ficiators' own blood drawn f _! e>s1 & a sacrifice ( quails4 ,say+1 ! ,sun has ris51 we "k n h[ he w fulfil 8 c\rse nor :e!r mis=tune w happ51 !y pray$ to him--#8,our ,"l1 d y\r (fice prosp]\sly4' ,9 di/9ct & absolute p]sonality1 ! div9e ,sun 9 ,aztec !ology 0 ,tonatiuh1 ^: huge pyramid-m\nd /&s on ! pla9 ( ,teotihuacan1 a witness ( 8 wor%ip = future ages4 ,beyond ?is1 ! religion ( ,mexico1 9 its complex sy/em or cong]ies ( great gods1 su* z results f ! mixture & alliance ( ! deities ( sev]al nations1 %[s ! sol> elem5t root$ deeply & widely 9 o!r p]sonages ( its div9e my?ology1 & attributes especially to ! ,sun ! title ( ,teotl1 ,god4#fic ,aga91 ! high plateau ( ,bogota 9 ,new ,granada 0 ! seat ( ! semi-civiliz$ ,*ib*as or ,muyscas1 ( ^: my?ology & religion ! lead+ ideas 7 giv5 by ! ,sun4 ,! ,sun 0 ! great deity to :om ! human sacrifices 7 (f]$1 & especially ! holie/ sacrifice1 ! blood ( a pure captive y\? daub$ on a rock on a m\nta9-top = ! ris+ sun to %9e on4 ,9 native ,muysca leg5d1 ! my?ic civiliz] ( ! l&1 ! tea*] ( agriculture1 ! f\nd] ( ! !ocracy & in/itutor ( sun-wor%ip1 is a figure 9 :om we _c fail to disc]n ! p]sonal ,sun himself4#fid ,x is ?us1 la/ly1 9 ! f> m celebrat$ native !ocracy to ! s\?4 ,9 ! royal religion ( ,p]u1 ! ,sun 0 at once ance/or & f\nd] ( ! dyna/y ( ,incas1 :o reign$ z 8 repres5tatives & almo/ 9 8 p]son1 :o took wives f ! conv5t ( virg9s ( ! ,sun1 & ^: desc5dants 7 ! sol> race1 ! rul+ ari/ocracy4 ,! ,sun's innum]able flocks ( llamas graz$ on ! m\nta9s1 & 8 fields 7 till$ 9 ! valleys1 8 temples /ood ?r\gh\t ! l&1 & fir/ among !m ! #8,place ( ,gold' 9 ,cuzco1 :]e 8 new fire 0 k9dl$ at ! annual sol> fe/ival ( ,raymi1 & :]e 8 spl5did gold5 disc ) human c\nt5ance look$ =? to receive ! fir/ rays ( its div9e orig9al4 ,sun-wor%ip 0 anci5t 9 ,p]u1 b x 0 ! ,incas :o made x ! great /ate religion1 impos+ x :]ev] _! wide conque/s rea*$1 till x became ! c5tral idea ( ,p]uvian life4#fie ,! culture ( ! ,old ,_w nev] surpass$ ?is highe/ range ( ,sun-wor%ip 9 ! ,new4 ,9 ,au/ralia & ,polynesia ! place ( ! sol> god or h]o is r 9 my? ?an 9 religion4 ,9 ,africa1 ?\gh f\nd 9 "s di/ricts1#fif ,sun-wor%ip is n v conspicu\s out ( ,egypt4 ,9 trac+ its ,old ,_w developm5t1 we beg9 among ! rud] ,allophylian tribes ( ,asia1 & end among ! great poly!i/ic nations4 ,! nor!a/ qu>t] ( ,india %[s ! doctr9e well def9$ among ! indig5\s /ocks4 ,! ,bodo & ,dhimal place ! ,sun 9 ! pan!on z an elem5tal god1 ?\gh 9 practical rank bel[ ! sacr$ riv]s4#fig ,! ,kol tribes ( ,b5gal1 ,mundas1 ,oraons1 ,santals1 "k & wor%ip z supreme1 ,s+-bonga1 ! ,sun-god2 to him "s tribes (f] :ite animals 9 tok5 ( 8 purity1 & :ile n reg>d+ him z au?or ( sickness or calamity1 !y w resort to him :5 o!r div9e aid breaks d[n 9 sore/ ne$4#fih ,among ! ,khonds1 ,bura ,p5nu ! ,light-god1 or ,bella ,p5nu ! ,sun-god1 is creator ( all ?+s 9 heav5 & e>?1 & great fir/ cause ( good4 ,z su*1 he is wor%ipp$ by 8 own sect above ! ranks ( m9or deities :om he br\ght into be+ to c>ry out ! details ( ! univ]sal "w4#fii ,! ,tat> tribes ) mu* unanimity recognize z a great god ! ,sun1 ^: figure may be se5 beside ! ,moon's on _! magic drums1 f ,sib]ia to ,lapl&4 ,ca/rn1 ! e?nologi/1 speak+ ( ! ,samoy$ expression = heav5 or deity 9 g5]al 7jilibeamba]tje71 tells an anecdote f 8 travels1 :i* gives a lively idea ( ! ?or\gh simple nature-religion /ill possible to ! w&]]s ( ! /eppes4 #8,a ,samoy$ woman1' he says1 #8told me x 0 h] habit e morn+ & ev5+ to /ep out ( h] t5t & b[ d[n be=e ! sun2 9 ! morn+ say+1 8,:5 ?\ ,jilibeamba]tje rise/1 ,i too rise f my b$60 9 ! ev5+1 8,:5 ?\ ,jilibeamba]tje s9ke/ d[n1 ,i too get me to re/60 ,! woman br\ght ?is z a pro( ( h] ass]tion t ev5 among ! ,samoy$s !y said _! morn+ & ev5+ pray]s1 b %e add$ ) pity t 8!re 7 also among !m wild p :o nev] s5t up a pray] to ,god40' ,mongol hordes may /ill be met ) ^: %amans invoke ! ,sun1 & ?r[ milk up into ! air z an (f]+ to him1 :ile ! ,k>agas ,tat>s w\ld br+ to him z a sacrifice ! head & he>t ( be> or /ag4 ,tunguz1 ,o/yaks1 ,woguls1 wor%ip him 9 a "* bl5d+ ) t ( _! highe/ deity & ,heav5-god2 :ile among ! ,lapps1 ,baiwe ! ,sun1 ?\gh a mighty deity1 /ood 9 rank bel[ ,ti]mes ! ,?und]-god1 & ! great cele/ial rul] :o _h come to be> ! ,norwegian "n ( ,/orjunk>e4#gjj ,9 direct p]sonal nature-wor%ip l t ( ,sib]ian nomades ( our day1 ! sol> cultus ( ! anci5t pa/oral ,aryans _h its s\rce4 ,! ,v$ic b>ds s+ ( ! great god ,srya1 kn[] ( be+s1 ! all-reveal] be=e :om ! />s dep>t ) ! nights l ?ieves4 ,we approa* ,srya 7!y say7 %9+ god among ! gods1 light mo/ glori\s4 ,he %9es on ! eight regions1 ! ?ree worlds1 ! sev5 riv]s2 ! gold5-h&$ ,savit>1 all-see+1 goes betwe5 heav5 & e>?4 ,to him !y pray1 #8,on ?y anci5t pa?s1 ,o ,savit>1 du/less1 well made1 9 ! air1 on ^? good-go+ pa?s ?is day pres]ve u & bless u1 ,o ,god6' ,mod]n ,h9duism is full ( ! anci5t ,sun-wor%ip1 9 (f]+s & pro/rations1 9 daily rites & appo9t$ fe/ivals1 & x is ,savit> ! ,sun :o is invok$ 9 ! #8gyatr1' ! "t-hon\r$ =mula repeat$ day by day s9ce long-pa/ ages by e ,brahman3 #8,tat ,savitur v>5yam bh>go devasya dhmahi dhiyo yo nah prakodayt4--,let u m$itate on ! desirable light ( ! div9e ,sun2 may he r\se our m9ds6' ,e morn+ ! ,brahman wor%ips ! sun1 /&+ on "o foot & re/+ ! o!r aga9/ 8 ankle or heel1 look+ t[>ds ! ea/1 hold+ 8 h&s op5 be=e him 9 a holl[ =m1 & repeat+ to himself ^! pray]s3 #8,! rays ( light ann\nce ! spl5did fi]y sun1 beautifully ris+ to illum9e ! univ]se4'--#8,he rises1 wond]ful1 ! eye ( ! sun1 ( wat]1 & ( fire1 collective p[] ( gods2 he fills heav51 e>?1 & sky ) 8 lum9\s net2 he is ! s\l ( all t is fix$ or locomotive4'--#8,t eye1 supremely b5eficial1 rises pure f ! ea/2 may we see him a hundr$ ye>s2 may we live a hundr$ ye>s2 may we he> a hundr$ ye>s4'--#8,may we1 pres]v$ by ! div9e p[]1 contemplat+ heav5 above ! region ( d>kness1 approa* ! deity1 mo/ spl5did ( lum9>ies6'#gja ,a ,v$ic cele/ial deity1 ,mitra ! ,fri5d1 came to be develop$ 9 ! ,p]sian religion into t great rul+ div9ity ( light1 ! victori\s ,mi?ra1 "l ( life & head ( all creat$ be+s4 ,! anci5t ,p]sian ,mihr-,ya%t invokes him 9 ! "* ( ! sun-light1 ,mi?ra ) wide pa/ures1 :om ! lords ( ! regions praise at e>ly dawn1 :o z ! fir/ heav5ly ,yazata rises ov] ,h>a-b]ezaiti be=e ! sun1 ! immortal ) swift /e$s1 :o fir/ ) gold5 =m seizes ! fair summits1 !n surr\nds ! :ole ,aryan region4 ,mi?ra came to be reg>d$ z ! v ,sun1 z :]e ,dionysos addresses ! ,tyrian ,bel1 #8 4' ,8 wor%ip spread f ! ,ea/ across ! ,roman empire1 & 9 ,europe he takes rank among ! great sol> gods absolutely id5tifi$ ) ! p]sonal ,sun1 z 9 ?is inscription on a ,roman alt> dat+ f ,trajan's "t--#8,deo ,soli ,mi?r4'#gjb ,! e>li] ,sun-wor%ip ( ,europe1 ^u :i* ?is new ,ori5tal v>iety 0 intrud$1 9 c]ta9 ( its developm5ts %[s ! same cle> p]sonality4 ,! ,greek ,helios1 to :om horses 7 sacrific$ on ! m\nta9-top ( ,taugetos1 0 t same p]sonal ,sun to :om ,sokrates1 :5 he _h /aid rapt 9 ?\ght till daybreak1 (f]$ a pray] be=e he dep>t$ 7' ' 74#gjc ,cs> devotes to ! ,g]man !ology ( 8 "t ?ree l9es ( 8 ,comm5t>ies4 ,!y reckon 9 ! numb] ( ! gods1 he says1 ^? only :om !y p]ceive & ^: b5efits !y op5ly enjoy1 ,sun & ,vulcan & ,moon1 ! re/ !y "k n ev5 by report4#gjd ,x is true t ,cs>'s %ort summ>y does no ju/ice to ! real numb] & quality ( ! deities ( ! ,g]man pan!on1 yet 8 =cible description ( nature-wor%ip 9 its mo/ primitive /age may probably be true ( ! direct adoration ( ! sun & moon1 & possibly ( fire4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ,european sun-wor%ip leads into ! mo/ p]plex+ problems ( my?ology4 ,well might ,cic]o exclaim1 #8,h[ _m suns are set =? by ! !ologians6'#gje ,! mod]n /ud5t :o %all und]take to discrim9ate among ! ,sun-gods ( ,european l&s1 to sep>ate ! sol> & non-sol> elem5ts ( ! ,greek ,apollo & ,h]akles1 or ( ! ,slavonic ,swat[it1 has a task be=e him complicate ) t all b hopeless difficulty :i* besets ! /udy ( my?1 ! mom5t t ! clue ( direct comp>ison ) nature falls away4 ,! religion ( anci5t ,egypt is "o ( :i* we "k mu*1 yet little--mu* ( its temples1 rites1 names ( deities1 liturgical =mulas1 b little ( ! esot]ic religi\s ideas :i* lay hidd5 )9 ^! out] manife/ations4 ,yet x is cle> t c5tral sol> conceptions z x 7 radiate ?r\gh ! ,egyptian !ology4 ,ra1 :o trav]ses 9 8 boat ! upp] & l[] regions ( ! univ]se1 is ! ,sun himself 9 pla9 cosmic p]sonality4 ,& to take two obvi\s in/ances ( sol> *>act]s 9 o!r deities1 ,osiris ! manife/] ( good & tru?1 :o dies by ! p[]s ( d>kness & becomes judge ( ! dead 9 ! we/-l& ( ,am5ti1 is sol> 9 8 div9e nature1 z is also 8 son ,horus1 smit] ( ! mon/] ,set4#gjf ,9 ! religions ( ! ,semitic race1 ! place ( ! ,sun is m>k$ ?r\gh a long range ( c5turies4 ,! w>n+ to ! ,israelites le/ !y %\ld wor%ip & s]ve sun1 moon1 & />s1 & ! m5tion ( ,josiah tak+ away ! horses t ! ,k+s ( ,judah _h giv5 to ! sun1 & burn+ ! *>iots ( ! sun ) fire1#gjg agree ) ! place giv5 9 o!r ,semitic religions to ! ,sun-god1 ,%amas ( ,assyria1 or ,baal1 ev5 expressly qualifi$ z ,baal-,%eme% or ,"l ,sun4 ,syrian religion1 l ,p]sian1 introduc$ a new phase ( ,sun-wor%ip into ,rome1 ! cultus ( ,elagabal1 & ! vile prie/ emp]or :o bore ?is div9e "n made x m intelligible to classic e>s z ,heliogabalus4#gjh ,eusebius is a late writ] z reg>ds ,semitic religion1 b ) su* facts z ^! be=e u we ne$ n )hold our confid5ce f him :5 he describes ! ,phnicians & ,egyptians z hold+ ,sun1 ,moon1 & ,/>s to be gods1 sole causes ( ! g5]ation & de/ruction ( all ?+s4#gji ,! widely spread & deeply root$ religion ( ! ,sun naturally (f]$ /r5u\s resi/ance to ! invasion ( ,*ri/ianity1 & x 0 "o ( ! great signs ( ! religi\s *ange ( ! civiliz$ _w :5 ,con/ant9e1 t ard5t vot>y ( ! ,sun1 ab&on$ ! fai? ( ,apollo = t ( ,*ri/4 ,amalgamation ev5 prov$ possible betwe5 ! doctr9es ( ,sabism & ,*ri/ianity1 & 9 & ne> ,arm5ia a sect ( ,sun-wor%ipp]s h la/$ on into mod]n times "u ! pr(ession ( ,jacobite ,*ri/ians2#gaj a p>allel case )9 ! limits ( ,mohamm$anism be+ t ( ,b$u9 ,arabs :o /ill cont9ue ! old adoration ( ! ris+ sun1 9 spite ( ! ,prophet's express$ comm& n to b[ be=e ! sun or moon1 & 9 spite ( ! good ,moslem's dictum1 t #8! sun rises betwe5 ! devil's horns4'#gaa ,actual wor%ip ( ! sun 9 ,*ri/5dom soon %rank to ! /age ( survival4 ,9 ,lucian's "t ! ,greeks kiss$ _! h&s z an act ( wor%ip to ! ris+ sun2 & ,t]tullian _h /ill to compla9 ( _m ,*ri/ians t ) an affectation ( ador+ ! heav5ly bodies !y w\ld move _! lips t[>d ! sunrise 7,s$ et pl]ique ve/rum affectatione aliqu&o et cle/ia ador&i ad solis ortum labia vibratis74#gab ,9 ! #e? c5tury1 ,leo ! ,great compla9s ( c]ta9 ,*ri/ians :o1 be=e ent]+ ! ,basilica ( ,/4 ,pet]1 or f ! top ( a hill1 w\ld turn & b[ to ! ris+ sun2 ?is comes1 he says1 p>tly ( ignorance & p>tly ( ! _s ( paganism4#gac ,to ?is day1 9 ! ,upp] ,palat9ate1 ! peasant takes (f 8 hat to ! ris+ sun2 & 9 ,pom]ania1 ! fev]-/rick5 pati5t is to pray ?rice turn+ t[>d ! sun at sunrise1 #8,de> ,sun1 come soon d[n1 & take ! sev5ty-sev5 fev]s f me4 ,9 ! "n ( ,god ! ,fa!r1 c4'#gad ,= ! mo/ "p1 ! anci5t rites ( sol> wor%ip are repres5t$ 9 mod]n ,*ri/5dom 9 two ways2 by ! c]emonies connect$ ) turn+ to ! ea/1 ( :i* an acc\nt is giv5 9 an ensu+ *apt] "u ! head+ ( ,ori5tation2 & 9 ! cont9uance ( ! great sun-fe/ivals1 c\nt5anc$ by or incorporat$ 9 ,*ri/ianity4 ,spr+-tide1 reckon$ by s _m peoples z ,new-,ye>1 has 9 great measure _h its sol> *>act]i/ics transf]r$ to ! ,pas*al fe/ival4 ,! ,ea/] bonfires ) :i* ! ,nor? ,g]man hills us$ to be ablaze mile aft] mile1 are n altoge!r giv5 up by local cu/om4 ,on ,ea/] morn+ 9 ,saxony & ,br&5burg1 ! peasants /ill climb ! hill-tops be=e dawn1 to see ! ris+ sun give 8 ?ree joyful leaps1 z our =efa!rs us$ to d 9 ,engl& 9 ! days :5 ,sir ,?omas ,br[ne s qua9tly apologiz$ = decl>+ t #8! sun do? n dance on ,ea/] ,day4' ,! sol> rite ( ! ,new ,fire1 adopt$ by ! ,roman ,*ur* z a ,pas*al c]emony1 may /ill be witness$ 9 ,europe1 ) its solemn curfew on ,ea/] ,eve1 & ! c]emonial /rik+ ( ! new holy fire4 ,on ,ea/] ,eve1 "u ! solemn auspices ( ! ,greek ,*ur*1 a mob ( h[l+ fanatics cru% & trample to dea? ! victims :o fa9t & fall 9 _! /ruggles to approa* ! mo/ %ameless impo/ure ( mod]n ,*ri/5dom1 ! miracul\s fire f heav5 :i* desc5ds into ! ,holy ,sepul*re4#gae ,two o!r ,*ri/ian fe/ivals h n m]ely _h sol> rites transf]r$ to !m1 b seem di/9ctly !mselves ( sol> orig94 ,! ,roman w9t]-sol/ice fe/ival1 z celebrat$ on ,decemb] #be 7,,viii4 ,kal4 ,jan47 9 connexion ) ! wor%ip ( ! ,sun-god ,mi?ra1 appe>s to h be5 in/itut$ 9 ?is special =m aft] ! ,ea/]n campaign ( ,aurelian ,a4,d4 #bgc1 & to ?is fe/ival ! day owes its apposite "n ( ,bir?day ( ! ,unconqu]$ ,sun1 #8,dies ,natalis ,solis invicti4' ,) full symbolic appropriat5ess1 ?\gh n ) hi/orical ju/ification1 ! day 0 adopt$ 9 ! ,we/]n ,*ur*1 :]e x appe>s to h be5 g5]ally introduc$ by ! #d? c5tury1 & :5ce 9 "t x pass$ to ! ,ea/]n ,*ur*1 z ! solemn anniv]s>y ( ! bir? ( ,*ri/1 ! ,*ri/ian ,dies ,natalis1 ,*ri/mas ,day4 ,attempts h be5 made to ratify ?is date z matt] ( hi/ory1 b no valid nor ev5 consi/5t e>ly ,*ri/ian tradition v\*es = x4 ,! real sol> orig9 ( ! fe/ival is cle> f ! writ+s ( ! ,fa!rs aft] its in/itution4 ,9 religi\s symbolism ( ! mat]ial & spiritual sun1 ,augu/9e & ,gregory ( ,nyassa disc\rse on ! gl[+ light & dw9dl+ d>kness t foll[ ! ,nativity1 :ile ,leo ! ,great1 among ^: p ! e>li] sol> mean+ ( ! fe/ival evid5tly rema9$ 9 /rong remembrance1 rebukes 9 a s]mon ! pe/if]\s p]suasion1 z he calls x1 t ?is solemn day is to be hon\r$ n = ! bir? ( ,*ri/1 b = ! ris+1 z !y say1 ( ! new sun4#gaf ,z = mod]n memory ( ! sun-rites ( mid-w9t]1 ,europe recognizes ,*ri/mas z a primitive sol> fe/ival by bonfires :i* our #8yule-log1' ! #8s\*e de ,nol1' /ill keeps 9 m9d2 :ile ! adaptation ( anci5t sol> ?\ght to ,*ri/ian allegory is z pla9 z ev] 9 ! ,*ri/mas s]vice *ant1 #8,sol novus oritur4'#gag ,! sol> ,*ri/mas fe/ival has its p5dant at ,midsumm]4 ,! summ] sol/ice 0 ! great season ( fire-fe/ivals ?r\gh\t ,europe1 ( bonfires on ! heights1 ( danc+ r\nd & leap+ ?r\gh ! fires1 ( s5d+ blaz+ fire-:eels to roll d[n f ! hills into ! valleys 9 sign ( ! sun's desc5d+ c\rse4 ,^! anci5t rites atta*$ !mselves 9 ,*ri/5dom to ,/4 ,john's ,eve4#gah ,x seems z ?\gh ! same tra9 ( symbolism :i* _h adapt$ ! midw9t] fe/ival to ! ,nativity1 may h sugge/$ ! d$ication ( ! midsumm] fe/ival to ,john ! ,bapti/1 9 cle> allusion to 8 words1 #8,he mu/ increase1 b ,i mu/ decrease4' ,moon-wor%ip1 naturally rank+ bel[ ,sun-wor%ip 9 importance1 ranges ?r\gh ne>ly ! same di/rict ( culture4 ,!re are rem>kable cases 9 :i* ! ,moon is recogniz$ z a great deity by tribes :o take less acc\nt1 or none at all1 ( ! ,sun4 ,! rude savages ( ,brazil seem especially to wor%ip or respect ! moon1 by :i* !y regulate _! "t & fe/ivals1 & draw _! om5s4 ,!y w\ld lift up _! h&s to ! moon ) wond]-/ruck exclamations ( teh6 teh6 !y w\ld h *ildr5 smok$ by ! sorc]]s to pres]ve !m f moon-giv5 sickness1 or ! wom5 w\ld hold up _! babes to ! lum9>y4 ,! ,botocudos are said to give ! highe/ rank among ! heav5ly bodies to ,t>u ! ,moon1 z caus+ ?und] & lightn+ & ! failure ( vegetables & fruits1 & z ev5 sometimes fall+ to ! e>?1 :]eby _m m5 die4#gai ,an old acc\nt ( ! ,c>ibs describes !m z e/eem+ ! ,moon m ?an ! ,sun1 & at new moon com+ out ( _! h\ses cry+ #8,behold ! ,moon6'#gbj ,! ,ahts ( ,vanc\v]'s ,isl&1 x is /at$1 wor%ip ! ,sun & ,moon1 p>ticul>ly ! full moon & ! sun asc5d+ to ! z5i?4 ,reg>d+ ! ,moon z husb& & ! ,sun z wife1 _! pray]s are m g5]ally address$ to ! ,moon z ! sup]ior deity2 he is ! highe/ object ( _! wor%ip1 & !y speak ( him z #8look+ d[n ^u ! e>? 9 answ] to pray]1 & see+ ev]ybody4'#gba ,) a some:at diff]5t turn ( my?ic fancy1 ! ,hurons seem to h consid]$ ,ata5tsic ! ,moon z mak] ( ! e>? & man1 & gr&mo!r ( ,i\skeha ! ,sun1 ) :om %e gov]ns ! _w4#gbb ,9 ,africa1 ,moon-wor%ip is prom95t 9 an imm5se di/rict :]e ,sun-wor%ip is unkn[n or insignificant4 ,among s\?-c5tral tribes1 m5 w wat* = ! fir/ glimpses ( ! new ,moon1 :i* !y hail ) %\ts ( kua6 & vocif]ate pray]s to x2 on su* an occasion ,dr4 ,liv+/one's ,makololo pray$1 #8,let our j\rney ) ! :ite man be prosp]\s6' c4#gbc ,^! p keep holiday at new-moon1 z inde$ 9 _m c\ntries h] wor%ip is connect$ ) ! settlem5t ( p]iodic fe/ival4 ,negro tribes seem almo/ univ]sally to greet ! new ,moon1 :e!r 9 delight or disgu/4 ,! ,gu9ea p fl+ !mselves ab\t ) droll ge/ures1 & pret5d to ?r[ firebr&s at x2 ! ,a%ango m5 behold x ) sup]/iti\s fe>2 ! ,fetu negroes jump$ ?rice into ! air ) h&s toge!r & gave ?anks4#gbd ,! ,congo p fell on _! knees1 or /ood & clapp$ _! h&s1 cry+1 #8,s may ,i r5ew my life z ?\ art r5ew$6'#gbe ,! ,hott5tots are describ$ e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury z danc+ & s++ all night at new & full moon1 call+ ! ,moon ! ,great ,capta91 & cry+ to him #8,be greet$6' #8,let u get mu* honey6' #8,may our cattle get mu* to eat & give mu* milk6' ,) ! same ?\ght z t j notic$ 9 ! di/rict nor?-we/ ( !m1 ! ,hott5tots connect ! ,moon 9 leg5d ) t fatal message s5t to ,man1 :i* ought to h promis$ to ! human race a moon-l r5ewal ( life1 b :i* 0 p]v]t$ into a doom ( dea? l t ( ! bea/ :o br\ght x4#gbf ,! m usual /atus ( ! ,moon 9 ! religions ( ! _w is1 z nature sugge/s1 t ( a subord9ate companion deity to ! ,sun1 su* a position z is ackn[l$g$ 9 ! prec$5ce ( ,sunday to ,monday4 ,_! v>i\s mutual relations z bro!r & si/]1 husb& & wife1 h already be5 notic$ "h z matt] ( my?ology4 ,z wide-ly+ rude races :o place !m ?us side by side 9 _! !ology1 x is en\gh to m5tion ! ,delaw>es ( ,nor? ,am]ica1#gbg ! ,a9os ( ,yesso1#gbh ! ,bodos ( ,nor?-,ea/-,india1#gbi ! ,tunguz ( ,sib]ia4#gcj ,?is is ! /ate ( ?+s :i* cont9ues at high] levels ( sy/ematic civilization4 ,beside ! ,mexican ,tonatiuh ! ,sun1 ,metztli ! ,moon _h a small] pyramid & temple2#gca 9 ,bogota1 ! ,moon1 id5tifi$ 9 local my? ) ! ,evil ,deity1 _h h] place & figure 9 ! temple beside ! ,sun h] husb&2#gcb ! ,p]uvian ,"m-,moon1 ,mama-,quilla1 _h h] silv] disc-face to mat* ! gold5 "o ( h] bro!r & husb& ! ,sun1 ^: companion %e _h be5 9 ! leg5d>y civiliz+ ( ! l&4#gcc ,9 ! anci5t ,kami-religion ( ,japan1 ! supreme ,sun-god ranks high above ! ,moon-god1 :o 0 wor%ipp$ "u ! =m ( a fox4#gcd ,among ! hi/oric nations ( ! ,old ,_w1 docum5ts ( ,semitic culture %[ ,sun & ,moon side by side4 ,= "o1 we may take ! ,jewi% law1 to /one ) /ones till !y di$ ! man or woman :o #8ha? gone & s]v$ o!r gods1 & wor%ipp$ !m1 ei!r ! sun1 or moon1 or any ( ! ho/ ( heav54' ,= ano!r1 let u glance ov] ! curi\s record ( ! treaty-oa? betwe5 ,philip ( ,mac$on & ! g5]al ( ! ,c>?ag9ian & ,libyan army1 :i* s well %[s h[ ! orig9al id5tity ( nature-deities may be =gott5 9 _! diff]5t local %apes1 s t ! same div9ity may come twice or ev5 ?ree times ov] 9 z _m national names & =ms4 ,h]akles & ,apollo /& 9 company ) ! p]sonal ,sun1 & z well z ! p]sonal ,moon is to be se5 ! #8,c>?ag9ian deity1' :om !re is reason to look on z ,a/>te1 a goddess latt]ly ( lun> nature4 ,?is is ! li/ ( deities invok$3 #8,be=e ,zeus & ,h]a & ,apollo2 be=e ! goddess ( ! ,c>?ag9ians 7 7 & ,h]akles & ,iolaos2 be=e ,ares1 ,triton1 ,poseidon2 be=e ! gods :o f\ght ) ! armies1 & ,sun & ,moon & ,e>?2 be=e ! riv]s & mead[s & wat]s2 be=e all ! gods :o rule ,mac$onia & ! re/ ( ,greece2 be=e all ! gods :o 7 at ! w>1 !y :o h presid$ ov] ?is oa?4'#gce ,:5 ,lucian visit$ ! fam\s temple ( ,hi]apolis 9 ,syria1 he saw ! images ( ! o!r gods1 #8b only ( ! ,sun & ,moon !y %[ no images4' ,& :5 he ask$ :y1 !y told him t ! =ms ( o!r gods 7 n se5 by all1 b ,sun & ,moon are altoge!r cle>1 & all m5 see !m4#gcf ,9 ,egyptian !ology1 n to discuss o!r div9e be+s to :om a lun> nature has be5 ascrib$1 x is at lea/ c]ta9 t ,khonsu is ! ,moon 9 absolute p]sonal div9ity4#gcg ,9 ,aryan !ology1 ! p]sonal ,moon /&s z ,seln beside ! m an?ropomorphic =ms ( ,hekat & ,artemis1#gch z ,luna beside ! less und]/ood ,luc9a1 & ,diana ) h] borr[$ attributes1#gci :ile our ,teutonic =efa!rs 7 cont5t ) 8 pla9 "n ( ,moon4#gdj ,z = lun> survivals 9 ! high] religions1 !y are mu* l ! sol>4 ,mono!i/ z he is1 ! ,moslem /ill claps 8 h&s at sight ( ! new moon1 & says a pray]4#gda ,9 ,europe 9 ! #ae? c5tury x 0 matt] ( compla9t t "s /ill ador$ ! new moon ) b5d$ knee1 or hood or hat remov$1 & to ?is day we may /ill see a hat rais$ or a curtsey dropp$ to h]1 half 9 cons]vatism & half 9 je/4 ,x is ) ref]5ce to silv] z ! lun> metal1 t money is turn$ :5 ! act ( adoration is p]=m$1 :ile practical peasant wit dwells on ! ill-luck ( hav+ no piece ( silv] :5 ! new moon is fir/ se54#gdb ,?us1 9 trac+ ! developm5t ( ,nature-,wor%ip1 x appe>s t ?\gh ,fire1 ,air1 ,e>?1 & ,wat] are n yet among ! l[] races sy/ematiz$ into a quat]nion ( elem5ts1 _! adoration1 ) t ( ,sun & ,moon1 %[s already aris+ 9 primitive culture ! famili> types ( ^? great div9ities1 :o receiv$ _! fur!r developm5t 9 ! high] ,poly!ism4 ,footnote #eic3 ,eyre1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cfb2 ,oldfield 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bbh2 ,lang1 #8,que5sl&1' p4 #ddd4 ,footnote #eid3 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #ehc4 ,footnote #eie3 ,loskiel1 #8,ind4 ( ,n4 ,am]ica1' "p i4 p4 #dc4 ,footnote #eif3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #acbb4 ,footnote #eig3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #ahj4 ,footnote #eih3 ,j4 ,b4 ,s*legel1 #8,s*lssel zur ,ewe ,spra*e1' p4 xii42 comp>e ,b[51 #8,yoruba ,lang4' 9 #8,smi?sonian ,contrib4' vol4 i4 p4 xvi4 ,footnote #eii3 ,samoi$ia1 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 i4 p4 #eca4 ,footnote #fjj3 ,macph]son1 p4 #hd1 c4 ,footnote #fja3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 *4 i4 ,footnote #fjb3 ,glad/one1 #8,juv5tus ,mundi1' *4 vii4 c4 ,footnote #fjc3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 ,footnote #fjd3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 pp4 #cc1 #bee1 #bge1 #cch1 vol4 ii4 p4 #fib4 ,footnote #fje3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js41' #afcf1 p4 #ajg2 ,lafitau1 #8,murs des ,sauvages ,amriqua9s1' vol4 i4 p4 #acb4 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #cf1 c4 #bcg4 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' pp4 #dh1 #agb4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrelig4' p4 #aai4 ,footnote #fjf3 ,callaway1 #8,zulu ,tales1' vol4 i4 p4 #bjc4 ,footnote #fjg3 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 ii4 p4 #afh1 c42 ,burton1 #8,w4 ,w4 fr4 ,w4 ,afr4' p4 #gf4 ,footnote #fjh3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #g1 c4 ,footnote #fji3 ,pla?1 #8,religion und ,cultus d] alt5 ,*9es51' "p i4 p4 #ah1 c42 "p ii4 p4 #cb2 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cif4 ,see ,max ,mll]1 #8,lectures1' #bnd ,s4 p4 #dcg2 ,legge1 #8,confucius1' p4 #ajj4 ,= fur!r evid5ce z to savage & b>b>ic wor%ip ( ! ,heav5 z ,supreme ,deity1 see *ap4 xvii4 ,footnote #faj3 ,max ,mll]1 #8,lectures1' #bnd ,s]ies1 p4 #dbe2 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' *4 ix42 ,cic]o1 ,de ,natura ,deorum1 iii4 #d4 ,connexion ( ! ,sanskrit ,dyu ) ! ,sc&9avian ,tyr & ! ,anglo ,saxon ,tiw is p]haps r ( etymology ?an def9ition4 ,footnote #faa3 ,duff ,macdonald1 #8,africana1' vol4 i4 p4 #fj 7,e4 ,c5tr4 ,afr474 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 ii4 p4 #afi 7,w4 ,afr47 p4 #daf 7,dam>as74 ,footnote #fab3 ,m>kham1 #8,qui*ua ,gr4 & ,dic4' p4 #i2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #cah1 #cfh4 ,footnote #fac3 ,ibid4 pp4 #dif-i2 ,ovi$o1 #8,nic>agua1' pp4 #dj1 #gb4 ,footnote #fad3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' pp4 #hi1 #cee4 ,footnote #fae3 ,dalton1 #8,kols1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #cd4 ,comp>e #a ,k+s xviii4 ,footnote #faf3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #cf2 ,kalewala1 ,rune ii4 #cag4 ,footnote #fag3 ,m>c4 ,anton94 v4 #g4 #8 1 1 1 1 4' ,footnote #fah3 ,petron4 ,arbit]4 ,sat4 xliv4 #8,antea /olat ibant nudis p$ibus 9 clivum1 passis capillis1 m5tibus puris1 et ,jovem aquam exorabant4 ,itaque /atim urceatim pluebat3 aut tunc aut nunquam2 et omnes r$ibant udi tanquam mures4' ,see ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #afj4 ,footnote #fai3 ,pr4 ,max v4 ,wi$1 #8,n4 ,am]4' vol4 ii4 pp4 #aeb1 #bbc2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #abj2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #agi4 ,footnote #fbj3 ,keat+1 #8,n>r4' vol4 i4 p4 #djg2 ,ea/man1 #8,dahcotah1' p4 #ga2 ,br9ton1 p4 #aej1 c42 see ,m',coy1 #8,bapti/ ,indian ,missions1' p4 #cfc4 ,footnote #fba3 ,de la ,borde1 #8,c>abes1' p4 #ecj2 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dca4 ,footnote #fbb3 ,de ,laet1 #8,novus ,orbis1' xv4 #b4 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #dag2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bgj2 also #dba 7?und]/orms by ang] ( ,sun1 9 ,cumana1 c474 ,footnote #fbc3 ,br9ton1 p4 #aec2 ,h]r]a1 #8,indias ,occid5tales1' ,dec41 v4 #d4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll] p4 #cbg4 #8,rites & ,laws ( ! ,yncas1' tr4 ed4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 p4 #af1 see #ha2 ,prescott1 #8,p]u1' vol4 i4 p4 #hf4 ,footnote #fbd3 ,b[51 #8,yoruba ,lang4' p4 xvi4 9 #8,smi?sonian ,contr4' vol4 i4 ,see ,burton1 #8,dahome1' vol4 ii4 p4 #adb4 ,details z to ?und]-axes1 c41 9 #8,e>ly ,hi/4 ( ,mank9d1' *4 viii4 ,footnote #fbe3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bff4 ,footnote #fbf3 ,klemm1 #8,c4 ,g4' vol4 iv4 p4 #he4 7,ossetes1 c47 ,see ,welck]1 vol4 i4 p4 #agj2 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #aeh4 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*4' vol4 ii4 p4 #dbc 7,ali-sect474 ,footnote #fbg3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #ci1 c4 ,footnote #fbh3 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #cb4 #a1 #ee4 #e1 #acj4 #h1 #afe2 iii4 #cd4 #i2 vi4 #bj2 x4 #dd4 #i1 #hi4 #i4 ,max ,mll]1 #8,lectures1' #bnd ,s4 p4 #dbg2 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 p4 #db1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cbc4 ,see ,muir1 #8,sanskrit ,texts4' ,footnote #fbi3 ,hom]4 ,il4 viii4 #agj1 xvii4 #eie4 ,ovid4 ,fa/4 ii4 #fi4 ,see ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 ii4 p4 #aid4 ,footnote #fcj3 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' p4 #beg4 ,footnote #fca3 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' *4 viii4 ,edda2 ,gylfag9n+1 #ba1 #dd4 ,footnote #fcb3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,algic ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #aci1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bad2 ,loskiel1 "p i4 p4 #dc2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aij4 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #aeg2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #ef4 ,fur!r ,am]ican evid5ce 9 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' pp4 #ej1 #gd2 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfg 7,sillagiks>tok1 ,wea!r-_s72 ,de la ,borde1 #8,c>abes1' p4 #ecj 7,c>ib ,/> ,curumon1 makes ! bill[s & upsets canoes74 ,footnote #fcc3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cbi 7comp>e ) ! ,maori ,tempe/-god ,ta:irimatea1 ,grey1 #8,polyn4 ,my?4' p4 #e72 ,s*irr51 #8,w&]sage d] ,neuseelnd]1' c4 p4 #he2 ,yate1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #add4 ,see also ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #aae4 ,footnote #fcd3 ,/ell]1 #8,kams*atka1' p4 #bff4 ,footnote #fce3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #cg1 #fh4 ,footnote #fcf3 ,boecl]1 pp4 #ajf1 #adg4 ,footnote #fcg3 ,see also ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 iv4 p4 #he 7,circassian ,wat]-god & ,w9d-god74 ,footnote #fch3 ,muir1 #8,sanskrit ,texts1' vol4 v4 p4 #aej4 ,footnote #fci3 ,hom]4 ,il4 xxiii4 #aib1 ,odyss4 xx4 #ff1 #gg2 ,apollon4 ,rhod4 ,argonautica2 ,apollodor4 i4 #i4 #ba2 ,virg4 n4 i4 #ef2 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 i4 p4 #gjg1 vol4 iii4 p4 #fg4 ,footnote #fdj3 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' pp4 #aba1 #hga4 ,footnote #fda3 ,wuttke1 #8,deuts*e ,volksab]gl4' p4 #hf4 ,footnote #fdb3 ,tann]'s #8,n>rative1' p4 #aic2 ,loskiel1 l4c4 ,see also ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dad2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #agh 7,antilles74 ,footnote #fdc3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' i4 #aj2 ,riv]o ,ts*udi1 p4 #afa2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #cfi4 ,footnote #fdd3 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 ii4 p4 #agj4 ,footnote #fde3 #8,report ( ,e?nological ,committee1 ,jubbulpore ,exhibition1' #ahff-g4 ,nagpore1 #ahfh1 "p ii4 p4 #ed4 ,footnote #fdf3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' *ap4 vi4 ,footnote #fdg3 ,georgi1 #8,reise im ,russ4 ,rei*1' vol4 i4 pp4 #bge1 #cag4 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?1' p4 #hf1 c4 ,footnote #fdh3 ,pla?1 #8,religion d] alt5 ,*9es51' "p i4 pp4 #cf1 #gc1 "p ii4 p4 #cb4 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 pp4 #hf1 #ced1 #dac1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #fg1 #chj1 #dee4 ,footnote #fdi3 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #hi4 #d1 c41 c4 ,footnote #fej3 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 i4 p4 #che1 c4 ,footnote #fea3 ,v>ro de ,l+4 ,lat4 iv4 ,footnote #feb3 ,tacit4 ,g]mania1 #dj4 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' p4 #bbi1 c4 ,footnote #fec3 ,wuttke1 #8,deuts*e ,volksab]gl4' p4 #hg4 ,footnote #fed3 ,liebi*1 #8,die ,zigeun]1' pp4 #cj1 #hd4 ,footnote #fee3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iii4 p4 #dhe2 ,ea/man1 #8,dahcotah1' pp4 i4 #aah1 #afa4 ,footnote #fef3 ,clavig]o1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ad4 ,footnote #feg3 ,m>sd51 #8,sumatra1' p4 #cja2 see also #cjc 7,tagals74 ,footnote #feh3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cbh4 ,footnote #fei3 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' lett] xix42 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #did4 ,burton1 #8,dahome1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ada4 ,see also bel[1 *ap4 xviii4 7sacrifice74 ,footnote #ffj3 ,s*legel1 #8,ewe ,spra*e1' p4 xiv4 ,footnote #ffa3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' i4 #aj1 vi4 #ag2 ,riv]o ,ts*udi1 #8,p]u1' p4 #afa4 ,footnote #ffb3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bfe4 ,footnote #ffc3 ,siebold1 #8,nippon1' "p v4 p4 #i4 ,footnote #ffd3 ,h]od4 vi4 #gf4 ,footnote #ffe3 ,cic]o1 ,de ,natura ,deorum1 iii4 #bj4 ,footnote #fff3 ,hom]1 ,il4 i4 #ech1 xiii4 #ah1 xx4 #ac4 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 i4 p4 #faf 7,n]eus71 p4 #fbb 7,poseidon74 ,cox1 #8,my?ology ( ,aryan ,nations1' vol4 ii4 *4 vi4 ,footnote #ffg3 ,loskiel1 #8,ind4 ( ,n4 ,a4' "p i4 pp4 #da1 #de4 ,see also ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #ee4 ,footnote #ffh3 ,irv+1 #8,a/oria1' vol4 ii4 *4 xxii4 ,footnote #ffi3 ,torquemada1 #8,mon>quia ,indiana1' vi4 c4 #bh1 x4 c4 #bb1 #cj2 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 pp4 #dib1 #ebb1 #ecf4 ,footnote #fgj3 ,s*irr51 #8,w&]sage d] ,neuseelnd]1' c41 p4 #cb2 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' pp4 #beb1 #ebg4 ,footnote #fga3 ,burton1 #8,dahome1' vol4 ii4 p4 #adh2 ,s*legel1 #8,ewe ,spra*e1' p4 xv4 ,footnote #fgb3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bgf4 ,footnote #fgc3 ,bat*elor 9 #8,tr4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,japan1' vols4 x4 xvi4 ,footnote #fgd3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #eg2 ,bill+s1 #8,n4 ,russia1' p4 #abc 7,yakuts72 ,ba/ian1 #8,vor/ellung5 von ,wass] und ,feu]1' 9 #8,zeits*r4 fr ,e?nologie1' vol4 i4 p4 #chc 7,mongols74 ,footnote #fge3 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 vi4 p4 #he 7,circassia74 ,welck]1 vol4 i4 p4 #ffc4 ,footnote #fgf3 ,see #8,records ( ! ,pa/1' vol4 iii4 p4 #acg1 vol4 ix4 p4 #adc2 ,sayce1 #8,lectures on ,rel4 ( ,anci5t ,babylonians1' p4 #agj4 ,= acc\nts ( ,semitic fire-wor%ip1 see ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 p4 #cbg1 c41 #ccg1 c41 #dja4 ,footnote #fgg3 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #a4 #a1 #ai4 #b1 iii4 #a4 #ah1 c42 ,max ,mll]1 vol4 i4 p4 #ci2 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ec4 ,haug1 #8,essays on ,p>sis1' iv42 #8,e>ly ,hi/4 ( ,mank9d1' p4 #bee4 ,footnote #fgh3 ,hanway1 #8,j\rnal ( ,travels1' ,london1 #agec1 vol4 i4 *4 lvii4 ,footnote #fgi3 ,diog4 ,lrt4 ,prom4 ii4 #f4 ,sextus ,empiricus adv4 ,physicos1 ix42 ,/rabo1 xv4 #c1 #ac4 ,footnote #fhj3 ,john ,wilson1 #8,! ,p>si ,religion1' *4 iv42 #8,ave/a1' tr4 by ,spiegel1 ,yacna1 i4 lxi4 ,footnote #fha3 ,max ,mll]1 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 p4 #afi4 ,haug1 #8,essays on ,p>sis1' p4 #bha4 ,footnote #fhb3 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' pp4 #hh1 #ih4 ,footnote #fhc3 ,hom]4 ,hymn4 ,aphrod4 #bi1 ,he/ia #a4 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 ii4 pp4 #fhf1 #fia4 ,footnote #fhd3 ,ovid4 ,fa/4 vi4 #bie4 ,footnote #fhe3 ,boecl]1 #8,eh/5 ,ab]gl4' p4 #bi1 c4 ,footnote #fhf3 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]gl4' p4 #hf4 ,grohmann1 #8,ab]glaub5 aus ,bhm51' p4 #da4 ,footnote #fhg3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 i4 p4 #bdb4 ,footnote #fhh3 ,h]od1 i4 #baf1 iv4 #ahd4 ,bak]1 #8,alb]t ,nyanza1' vol4 i4 p4 #add4 ,footnote #fhi3 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 iii4 p4 #aha 7,hudson's ,b41 ,pottawatomies71 #bje 7,virg9ians74 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' p4 #aag 7,delaw>es1 ,si\x1 ,m+os1 c474 ,sproat1 #8,ind4 ( ,vanc\v]'s ,i4' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 v4 p4 #bec4 ,loskiel1 #8,ind4 ( ,n4 ,a4' "p i4 p4 #dc 7,delaw>es74 ,h5nep91 #8,voyage dans l',amrique1' p4 #cjb 7,si\x71 c4 ,b>tram1 #8,creek & ,*]okee ,ind4' 9 #8,tr4 ,am]4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 "p i4 pp4 #bj1 #bf2 see also ,s*oolcraft1 #8,ind4 ,tribes1' "p ii4 p4 #abg 7,coman*es1 c472 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #afd2 ,gregg1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bch 7,%awnees72 b comp>e ! rem>ks ( ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #ada4 ,footnote #fij3 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #cbg 7,botocudos74 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #eah 7,araucanians74 ,dobrizh(f]1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hi 7,puel*es74 ,*>levoix1 #8,hi/4 du ,p>aguay1' vol4 i4 p4 #cca 7,diaguitas74 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bee 7,botocudos1 ,aucas1 ,diaguitas74 ,footnote #fia3 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 vi4 p4 #agb2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bag4 ,footnote #fib3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' book ii4 *4 viii4 ,footnote #fic3 ,torquemada1 #8,mon>quia ,indiana1' ix4 c4 #cd2 ,sahagun1 #8,hi/4 de ,nueva ,espaa1' ii4 ,app4 9 ,k+sbor\gh1 #8,antiquities ( ,mexico2' ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #ach2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #dgd1 c42 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #dhg2 ,tylor1 #8,mexico1' p4 #ada4 ,footnote #fid3 ,pi$rahita1 #8,hi/4 ,g54 de las ,conqui/as del ,nuevo ,reyno de ,granada1' ,antw]p1 #afhh3 "p i4 book i4 c4 iii4 iv42 ,humboldt1 #8,vues des ,cordillres2' ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #ceb1 c42 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #dcb1 c4 ,footnote #fie3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' lib4 i4 c4 #ae1 c41 iii4 c4 #bj2 v4 c4 #b1 #f2 #8,rites & ,laws ( ! ,yncas1' tr4 ed4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 7,hakluyt ,soc41 #ahgc7 p4 #hd2 ,prescott1 #8,p]u1' book i4 *4 iii42 ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #ddg1 c42 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #cfb1 c4 ,footnote #fif3 ,me9]s1 #8,ges*4 d] ,rel4' vol4 i4 p4 #chc4 ,burton1 #8,c5tral ,afr4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cdf2 #8,dahome1' vol4 ii4 p4 #adg4 ,footnote #fig3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' pp4 #afg1 #age 7,bodos1 c474 ,footnote #fih3 ,dalton1 #8,kols1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #cc 7,oraons1 c472 ,hunt]1 #8,annals ( ,rural ,b5gal1' p4 #ahd 7,santals74 ,footnote #fii3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #hd1 c4 7,khonds74 ,footnote #gjj3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #af1 #ea1 c4 ,me9]s1 l4c4 ,georgi1 #8,reise im ,russ4 ,rei*4' vol4 i4 pp4 #bge1 #cag4 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*i*te1' vol4 iii4 p4 #hg4 ,sun-,wor%ip 9 ,japan1 ,siebold1 #8,nippon1' "p v4 p4 #i4 ,= fur!r evid5ce z to savage & b>b>ic wor%ip ( ! ,sun z ,supreme ,deity1 see *ap4 xvii4 ,footnote #gja3 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #ce1 #ej2 iii4 #fb1 #aj4 ,max ,mll]1 #8,lectures1' #bnd ,s]4 pp4 #cgh1 #daa2 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 p4 #ai4 ,colebrooke1 #8,essays1' vol4 i4 pp4 #cj1 #acc4 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #db4 ,footnote #gjb3 #8,khordah-,ave/a1' xxvi4 9 ,ave/a tr4 by ,spiegel1 vol4 iii42 ,m4 ,haug1 #8,essays on ,p>sis4' ,/rabo1 xv4 #c1 #ac4 ,nonnus1 xl4 #djj4 ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 p4 #ahj3 #8 '2 #8 4' ,footnote #gjc3 ,plat4 ,sympos4 xxxvi4 ,see ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]lehre1' vol4 i4 pp4 #djj1 #dab4 ,footnote #gjd3 ,cs> de ,bello ,gallico1 vi4 #ba3 #8,deorum num]o eos solos ducunt1 quos c]nunt et quorum ap]te opibus juvantur1 ,solem et ,vulcanum et ,lunam1 reliquos ne fama quidem accep]unt4' ,footnote #gje3 ,cic]o de ,natura ,deorum1 iii4 #ba4 ,footnote #gjf3 ,see ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,egyptians'2 ,r5\f1 #8,religion ( ,anci5t ,egypt4' ,footnote #gjg3 ,deut4 iv4 #ai1 xvii4 #c2 #b ,k+s xxiii4 #aa4 ,footnote #gjh3 ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 pp4 #afb1 #ahj1 c4 ,lamprid4 ,heliogabal4 i4 ,footnote #gji3 ,euseb4 ,prp>at4 ,evang4 i4 #f4 ,footnote #gaj3 ,ne&]1 #8,*ur* ,hi/ory1' vol4 vi4 p4 #cda4 ,c>/5 ,niebuhr1 #8,reisebes*r4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cif4 ,footnote #gaa3 ,palgrave1 #8,arabia1' vol4 i4 p4 #i2 vol4 ii4 p4 #beh4 ,see ,koran1 xli4 #cg4 ,footnote #gab3 ,t]tullian4 ,apolog4 adv4 ,g5tes1 xvi4 ,see ,lucian4 de ,saltat4 xvii42 comp>e ,job4 xxxi4 #bf4 ,footnote #gac3 ,leo4 ,i4 ,s]m4 viii4 9 ,natal4 ,dom4 ,footnote #gad3 ,wuttke1 #8,volksab]glaube1' p4 #aej4 ,footnote #gae3 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' p4 #eha1 c4 ,wuttke1 pp4 #ag1 #ic4 ,br&1 #8,pop4 ,ant4' vol4 i4 p4 #aeg1 c4 #8,e>ly ,hi/4 ( ,mank9d1' p4 #bfj4 ,murray's #8,h&book = ,syria & ,pale/9e1' #ahfh1 p4 #afb4 ,footnote #gaf3 ,see ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop4' s4v4 #8,sol2' ,petavius1 #8,juliani ,imp4 ,op]a1' #bij-b1 #bgg4 ,b+ham1 #8,antiquities ( ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1' book xx4 *4 iv42 ,ne&]1 #8,*ur* ,hi/4' vol4 iii4 p4 #dcg2 ,beausobre1 #8,hi/4 de ,mani*e1' vol4 ii4 p4 #fia2 ,gibbon1 *4 xxii42 ,creuz]1 #8,symbolik1' vol4 i4 p4 #gfa1 c4 ,footnote #gag3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' pp4 #eic1 #abbc4 ,br&1 #8,popul> ,antiquities1' vol4 i4 p4 #dfg4 ,monni]1 #8,traditions ,populaires1' p4 #ahh4 ,footnote #gah3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #ehc2 ,br&1 vol4 i4 p4 #bih2 ,wuttke1 pp4 #ad1 #adj4 ,beausobre1 l4c4 ,footnote #gai3 ,spix & ,m>tius1 #8,reise 9 ,brasili51' vol4 i4 pp4 #cgg1 #cha2 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #cbg2 ,pr4 ,max4 v4 ,wi$1 vol4 ii4 p4 #eh2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #bah1 #bed2 also ,mu/]s1 #8,patagonians1' pp4 #eh1 #agi4 ,footnote #gbj3 ,de la ,borde1 #8,c>aibes1' p4 #ebe4 ,footnote #gba3 ,sproat1 #8,savage ,life1' p4 #bjf2 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 v4 p4 #bec4 ,footnote #gbb3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afce1 p4 #cd4 ,footnote #gbc3 ,liv+/one1 #8,s4 ,afr4' p4 #bce2 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #age1 #cdb4 ,footnote #gbd3 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #hd2 ,du ,*aillu1 #8,a%ango-l&1' p4 #dbh2 see ,pur*as1 vol4 v4 p4 #gff4 ,mll]1 #8,fetu1' p4 #dg4 ,footnote #gbe3 ,m]olla1 #8,congo1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #bgc4 ,footnote #gbf3 ,kolbe1 #8,bes*ryv+ van de ,kaap de ,go$e ,hoop1' "p i4 xxix4 ,see ante1 vol4 i4 p4 #cee4 ,footnote #gbg3 ,loskiel1 #8,ind4 ( ,n4 ,a4' "p i4 p4 #dc4 ,footnote #gbh3 ,bickmore1 #8,a9os1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vii4 p4 #bj4 ,footnote #gbi3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #afg4 ,footnote #gcj3 ,georgi1 #8,reise im ,russ4 ,r4' vol4 i4 p4 #bge4 ,footnote #gca3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #i1 #ce2 ,tylor1 #8,mexico1' l4c4 ,footnote #gcb3 ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #cfb4 ,footnote #gcc3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' iii4 #ba4 ,footnote #gcd3 ,siebold1 #8,nippon1' "p v4 p4 #i4 ,footnote #gce3 ,deut]on4 xvii4 #c2 ,polyb4 vii4 #i2 see ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' pp4 #aei1 #ecf1 #fje4 ,footnote #gcf3 ,lucian4 de ,syria ,dea1 iv4 #cd4 ,footnote #gcg3 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,egyptians1' ed4 by ,bir*1 vol4 iii4 p4 #agd4 ,see ,plut>*4 ,is4 et ,osir4 ,footnote #gch3 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 i4 p4 #eej1 c4 ,footnote #gci3 ,cic4 de ,nat4 ,deor4 ii4 #bg4 ,footnote #gdj3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' *4 xxii4 ,footnote #gda3 ,ak]blad1 #8,lettre ,ital9sky4' ,burton1 #8,c5tral ,afr4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cdf4 ,mungo ,p>k1 #8,travels1' 9 #8,p9k]ton1' vol4 xvi4 p4 #hge4 ,footnote #gdb3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' pp4 #bi1 #ffg2 ,br&1 vol4 iii4 p4 #adf2 ,=bes ,leslie1 #8,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1' vol4 i4 p4 #acf4 ,,*apt] ,,xvii4 ,,animism 7cont9u$74 ,poly!ism comprises a class ( ,great ,deities1 rul+ ! c\rse ( ,nature & ! life ( ,man--,*ildbir?-god--,agriculture-god--, w>-god--,god ( ! ,dead--,fir/ ,man z ,div9e ,ance/or--,dualism2 its rudim5t>y & une?ical nature among l[ races2 its developm5t ?r\gh ! c\rse ( culture--,good & ,evil ,deity--,doctr9e ( ,div9e ,supremacy1 di/9ct f1 :ile t5d+ t[>ds1 ! doctr9e ( ,mono!ism--,idea ( a ,highe/ or ,supreme ,deity evolv$ 9 v>i\s =ms2 its place z completion ( ! ,poly!i/ic sy/em & outcome ( ! ,animi/ic philosophy2 its cont9uance & developm5t among high] nations--,g5]al survey ( ,animism z a ,philosophy ( ,religion--,recapitulation ( ! !ory advanc$ z to its developm5t ?r\gh successive /ages ( culture2 its prim>y phases be/ repres5t$ among ! l[] races1 :ile survivals ( ^! among ! high] races m>k ! transition f savage ?r\gh b>b>ic to civiliz$ fai?s--,transition ( ,animism 9 ! ,hi/ory ( ,religion2 its e>li] & lat] /ages z a ,philosophy ( ! ,univ]se2 its lat] /ages z ! pr9ciple ( a ,moral ,in/itution4 ,poly!ism ackn[l$ges1 beside great feti%-deities l ,heav5 & ,e>?1 ,sun & ,moon1 ano!r class ( great gods ^: importance lies n 9 visible pres5ce1 b 9 ! p]=mance ( c]ta9 great (fices 9 ! c\rse ( ,nature & ! life ( ,man4 ,! l[] races c furni% !mselves ) su* deities1 ei!r by giv+ ! recogniz$ gods special duties to p]=m1 or by attribut+ ^! functions to be+s inv5t$ 9 div9e p]sonality = ! purpose4 ,! creation ( su* div9ities is h[ev] c>ri$ to a mu* great] ext5t 9 ! complex sy/ems ( ! high] poly!ism4 ,= a compact gr\p ( examples %[+ to :at diff]5t ideas m5 w resort = a deity to answ] a special end1 let u take ! deity presid+ ov] ,*ildbir?4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,indies1 a special div9ity occupi$ ) ?is function took rank z "o ( ! great indig5\s feti%-gods2#gdc 9 ! ,samoan gr\p1 ! h\sehold god ( ! fa!r's or "m's family 0 appeal$ to2#gdd 9 ,p]u ! ,moon takes to ?is (fice1#gde & ! same natural idea recurs 9 ,mexico2#gdf 9 ,e/honian religion ! productive ,e>?-"m appropriately becomes patroness ( human bir?2#gdg 9 ! classic !ology ( ,greece & ,italy1 ! div9e sp\se ( ! ,heav5-k+1 ,h]a1#gdh ,juno1#gdi fav\rs & protects on e>? m>riage & ! bir? ( *ildr52 & to conclude ! li/1 ! ,*9ese "w out ! problem f ! manes-wor%ipp]'s po9t ( view1 = ! goddess :om !y call #8,"m' & propitiate ) _m a c]emony & sacrifice to save & prosp] _! *ildr51 is held to h be5 9 human life a skilful midwife4#gej ,! deity ( ,agriculture may be a cosmic be+ affect+ ! wea!r & ! soil1 or a my?ic giv] ( plants & tea*] ( _! cultivation & use4 ,?us among ! ,iroquois1 ,h5o ! ,?und]1 :o rides ?r\gh ! heav5s on ! cl\ds1 :o splits ! =e/-trees ) ! ?und]bolt-/ones he hurls at 8 enemies1 :o ga!rs ! cl\ds & p\rs out ! w>m ra9s1 0 fitly *os5 z patron ( husb&ry1 invok$ at se$-"t & h>ve/1 & call$ ,gr&fa!r by 8 *ildr5 ! ,indians4#gea ,x is int]e/+ to notice aga9 on ! s\!rn cont95t ! work+ out ( ?is idea 9 ! ,tupan ( ,brazilian tribes2 ,?und] & ,lightn+1 x is record$1 !y call ,tupan1 consid]+ !mselves to owe to him _! hoes & ! pr(itable art ( tillage1 & !re=e ackn[l$g+ him z a deity4#geb ,among ! ,gu>ani race1 ,tamoi ! ,anci5t ( ,heav5 _h no less rightful claim1 9 8 "* ( heav5-god1 to be v5]at$ z ! div9e tea*] ( agriculture to 8 p4#gec ,9 ,mexico1 ,c5teotl ! ,gra9-goddess receiv$ homage & (f]+s at h] two great fe/ivals1 & took c>e ( ! gr[? & keep+ ( ! corn4#ged ,9 ,polynesia1 we he> 9 ! ,society ,isl&s ( ,(anu ! god ( husb&ry1 9 ! ,tonga ,isl&s ( ,alo ,alo ! fann]1 god ( w9d & wea!r1 be>+ (fice z god ( h>ve/1 & receiv+ 8 (f]+ ( yams :5 he _h rip5$ !m4#gee ,a picturesque figure f b>b>ic ,asia is ,pheebee ,yau1 ! ,c]es ( ! ,k>5s1 :o sits on a /ump & wat*es ! gr[+ & rip5+ com1 to fill ! gran>ies ( ! frugal & indu/ri\s4#gef ,! ,khonds wor%ip at ! same %r9e1 a /one or tree ne> ! village1 bo? ,brbi ,p5nu ! goddess ( new vegetation1 & ,pidzu ,p5nu ! ra9-god4#geg ,among ,f9ns & ,e/hs x is ! ,e>?-"m :o appropriately und]takes ! task ( br++ =? ! fruits4#geh ,& s among ! ,greeks x is ! same be+1 ,dmtr ! ,e>?-"m1 :o p]=ms ?is function1 :ile ! ,roman ,c]es :o is confus$ ) h] is r1 z 9 ,mexico1 a goddess ( gra9 & fruit4#gei ,! ,w>-god is ano!r be+ want$ among ! l[] races1 & =m$ or adapt$ accord+ly4 ,areskove ! ,iroquois ,w>-god seems to be himself ! great cele/ial deity2 = 8 pleasant food !y slaught]$ human victims1 t he might give !m victory ov] _! enemies2 z a pleasant sight = him !y tortur$ ! w>-captives2 on him ! w>-*ief call$ 9 solemn c\ncil1 & ! w>riors1 %\t+ 8 "n1 ru%$ into ! battle he 0 survey+ f on high4 ,canadian ,indians be=e ! fight w\ld look t[>d ! sun1 or address$ ! ,great ,_s z god ( w>2 ,floridan ,indians pray$ to ! ,sun be=e _! w>s4#gfj ,araucanians ( ,*ili entreat$ ,pillan ! ,?und]-god t he w\ld scatt] _! enemies1 & ?ank$ him amid/ _! cups aft] a victory4#gfa ,! v "n ( ,mexico seems d]iv$ f ,mexitli1 ! national ,w>-god1 id5tical or id5tifi$ ) ! hide\s gory ,huitzilopo*tli4 ,n to attempt a g5]al solution ( ! enigmatic nature ( ?is inextricable comp\nd p>!nog5etic deity1 we may notice ! association ( 8 pr9cipal fe/ival ) ! w9t]-sol/ice1 :5 8 pa/e idol 0 %ot ?r\gh ) an arr[1 & be+ ?us kill$1 0 divid$ into morsels & eat51 :]e=e ! c]emony 0 call$ ! teoqualo or #8god-eat+4' ,?is & o!r details t5d to %[ ,huitzilopo*tli z orig9ally a nature-deity1 ^: life & dea? 7 connect$ ) ! ye>'s1 :ile 8 functions ( ,w>-god may be ( lat] addition4#gfb ,polynesia is a region :]e q an assortm5t ( w>-gods may be collect$4 ,su*1 to take b "o example1 0 ,tairi1 w>-god ( ,k+ ,kamehameha ( ! ,s&wi* ,isl&s1 ^: hide\s image1 cov]$ ) r$ fea!rs1 %>k-too!d1 "m-(-pe>l-ey$1 ) helmet-cre/ ( human hair1 0 c>ri$ into battle by 8 special prie/1 di/ort+ 8 own face into hide\s gr9s1 & utt]+ t]rific yells :i* 7 consid]$ to proce$ f ! god4#gfc ,two examples f ,asia may %[ :at diff]5t orig9al conceptions may s]ve to %ape su* deities z ^! ^u4 ,! ,khond ,w>-god1 :o ent]$ into all weapons1 s t f in/rum5ts ( peace !y became weapons ( w>1 :o gave edge to ! axe & po9t to ! arr[1 is ! v p]sonifi$ _s ( tribal w>1 8 tok5 is ! relic ( iron & ! iron weapons buri$ 9 8 sacr$ grove :i* /&s ne> ea* gr\p ( hamlets1 & 8 "n is ,loha ,p5nu or ,iron-god4#gfd ,! ,*9ese ,w>-god1 ,kuang ,t1 on ! o!r h&1 is an anci5t milit>y gho/2 he 0 a di/+ui%$ (fic]1 z well z a #8fai?ful & hone/ c\rti]1' :o fl\ri%$ dur+ ! w>s ( ! ,han dyna/y1 & emp]ors s9ce !n h delight$ to hon\r him by add+ to 8 usual title m & m honor>y di/9ctions4#gfe ,look+ at ^! selections f ! army ( ,w>-gods ( ! diff]5t regions ( ! _w1 we may well leave _! classic analogues1 ,ars & ,m>s1 z be+s ^: w>like function we recognize1 b n s easily _! orig9al nature4#gff ,x w\ld be easy1 go+ ?r\gh ! religi\s sy/ems ( ,polynesia & ,mexico1 ,greece & ,rome1 ,india & ,*9a1 to give ! names & (fices ( a long li/ ( div9ities1 patrons ( hunt+ & fi%+1 c>p5t]+ & weav+1 & s =?4 ,b /udy+ "h r ! cont9uity ( poly!i/ic ideas ?an ! analysis ( poly!i/ic div9ities1 x is ne$less to proce$ f>!r 9 ! comp>ison ( ^! deities ( special function1 z recogniz$ to "s ext5t 9 ! l[] civilization1 be=e _! elaborate developm5t became "o ( ! great features ( ! high]4 ,! great poly!i/ic deities we h be5 exam9+1 conc]n$ z !y are ) ! e>?ly c\rse ( nature & human life1 are gods ( ! liv+4 ,b ev5 9 savage levels man began to feel an intellectual ne$ ( a ,god ( ! ,dead1 to reign ov] ! s\ls ( m5 9 ! next life1 & ?is necessity has be5 suppli$ 9 v>i\s ways4 ,( ! deities set up z lords ( ,deadman's ,l&1 "s are be+s ^: orig9al mean+ is obscure4 ,"s are di/9ctly nature-deities appo9t$ to ?is (fice1 (t5 = local reasons1 z happ5+ to belong to ! regions :]e ! dead take up _! abode4 ,"s1 aga91 are z di/9ctly ! deifi$ s\ls ( m54 ,! two fir/ classes may be briefly in/anc$ toge!r 9 ,am]ica1 :]e ! light-side & %ad[-side 7z ,dr4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll] well calls !m7 ( ! conception ( a future life are broadly contra/$ 9 ! def9itions ( ! ,"l ( ! ,dead4 ,among ! ,nor!rn ,indians ?is may be ,t>5yawagon ! ,heav5-,god1 id5tifi$ ) ! ,great ,_s1 :o receives good w>riors 9 8 happy hunt+-gr\nds1 or 8 gr&mo!r1 ! ,dea?-goddess ,atah5tsic4#gfg ,9 ,brazil1 ! ,"u-_w-god1 :o places good w>riors & sorc]]s 9 ,p>adise1 contra/s ) ,aygnan ! evil deity :o takes base & c[>dly ,tupi s\ls1#gfh mu* z ! ,mexican ,tlaloc1 ,wat]-god & "l ( ! e>?ly p>adise1 contra/s ) ,mictlanteuctli1 rul] ( ! dismal dead-l& 9 ! %ades bel[4#gfi ,9 ,p]u !re has be5 plac$ on record a belief t ! dep>t$ spirits w5t to be ) ! ,creator & ,tea*] ( ! ,_w--#8,br+ u too ne> to !e 444 t we may be =tunate1 be+ ne> to !e1 ,o ,uira-co*a6' ,!re are also /atem5ts z to an "u-_w ( %ades1 ! l& ( ! demon ,supay4#ggj ,acc\nts ( ?is class mu/ (t5 be suspect$ ( giv+ ideas mis-/at$ "u ,european influ5ce1 or actually adopt$ f ,europeans1 b !re is 9 "s a look ( unt\*$ g5u95ess4 ,?us 9 ,polynesia1 ! idea ( a ,devil borr[$ f coloni/s or mission>ies may be suspect$ 9 su* a figure z ! evil deity ,wiro1 *ief ( ,reigna1 ! ,new ,zeal&]'s we/]n _w ( dep>t$ s\ls4 ,b few conceptions ( deity are m qua9tly orig9al ?an t ( ! ,samoan deity ,saveasiuleo1 at once rul] ( de/9ies ( w> & o!r affairs ( m5 & *ief ( ! subt]ranean ,bulot1 ) ! human upp] half ( 8 body recl9+ 9 8 great h\se 9 company ) ! spirits ( dep>t$ *iefs1 :ile 8 tail or extremity /ret*es f> away into ! sea1 9 ! %ape ( an eel or s]p5t4 ,"u a "n correspond+ dialectically 7,siuleo ,hikuleo71 ?is composite be+ reappe>s 9 ! k9dr$ my?s ( ! neighb\r+ gr\p1 ! ,tonga ,isl&s4 ,! ,tongan ,hikuleo has 8 home 9 ! _s-l& ( ,bulot1 "h conceiv$ z out 9 ! f> we/]n sea4 ,"h we are told ! use ( 8 tail4 ,8 body goes away on j\rneys1 b 8 tail rema9s wat*+ 9 ,bulot1 & ?us he is aw>e ( :at goes on 9 m places ?an "o4 ,hikuleo us$ to c>ry (f ! fir/-born sons ( ,tongan *iefs1 to p 8 isl& ( ! ble/1 & he s ?9n$ ! ranks ( ! liv+ t at la/ ! o!r gods 7 mov$ to compassion4 ,tangaloa & ,maui seiz$ ,hikuleo1 pass$ a /rong *a9 r\nd him1 & fa/5$ "o end to heav5 & ! o!r to e>?4 ,ano!r god ( ! dead1 ( well-m>k$ native type1 is ! ,r>otongan ,tiki1 an ance/ral deity z 9 ,new ,zeal&1 to ^: long h\se1 a place ( unceas+ joys1 ! dead are to f9d _! way4#gga ,among ,turanian tribes1 !re are ,samoy$s :o believe 9 a deity call$ #8,a1' dwell+ 9 imp5etrable d>kness1 s5d+ disease & dea? to m5 & re9de]1 & rul+ ov] a cr[d ( spirits :i* are manes ( ! dead4 ,tat>s tell ( ! n9e ,irle-,*ans1 :o 9 _! gloomy subt]ranean k+dom n only rule ov] s\ls ( ! dead1 b h at _! comm& a multitude ( m9i/]+ spirits1 visible & invisible4 ,9 ! gloomy "u-_w ( ! ,f9ns reigns ,mana or ,tuoni1 a be+ ^: nature is work$ out by p]sonification f ! dismal dead-l& or dea? itself4#ggb ,mu* ! same may be said ( ! ,greek ,aids1 ,hades1 & ! ,sc&9avian ,hel1 ^: names1 p]haps n s mu* by confusion z ) a s5se ( _! lat5t significance1 h become id5tifi$ 9 language ) ! doleful abodes ov] :i* a p]sonify+ fancy set !m to preside4#ggc ,z appropriately1 ?\gh work+ out a diff]5t idea1 ! anci5t ,egyptians conceiv$ _! great sol> deity to rule 9 ! regions ( 8 we/]n "u-_w--,osiris is ,"l ( ! ,dead 9 ,am5ti4#ggd ,9 ! _w's assembly ( great gods1 an important place mu/ be fill$ up by ! manes-wor%ipp] 9 logical developm5t ( 8 special sy/em4 ,! !ory ( family manes1 c>ri$ back to tribal gods1 leads to ! recognition ( sup]ior deities ( ! nature ( ,div9e ,ance/or or ,fir/ ,man1 & x is ( c\rse reasonable t su* a be+1 if recogniz$1 %\ld sometimes fill ! place ( "l ( ! dead1 ^: ance/ral *ief he is4 ,!re is an anecdote among ! ,m&ans told by ,pr9ce ,maximilian von ,wi$1 :i* br+s into view conceptions ly+ 9 ! deepe/ recesses ( savage religion1 ! idea ( ! div9e fir/ ance/or1 ! my?ic connexion ( ! sun's dea? & desc5t into ! "u-_w1 ) ! l fate ( man & ! nature ( ! spiritual int]c\rse betwe5 man's own s\l & 8 deity4 ,! ,fir/ ,man1 x is said1 promis$ ! ,m&ans to be _! help] 9 "t ( ne$1 & !n dep>t$ into ! ,we/4 ,x came to pass t ! ,m&ans 7 attack$ by foes4 ,"o ,m&an w\ld s5d a bird to ! great ance/or to ask = help1 b no bird c\ld fly s f>4 ,ano!r ?\ght a look w\ld rea* him1 b ! hills wall$ him 94 ,!n said a ?ird1 ?\ght mu/ be ! safe/ way to rea* ! ,fir/ ,man4 ,he wrapp$ himself 9 8 buffalo-robe1 fell d[n1 & spoke1 #8,i ?9k--,i h ?\ght--,i come back4' ,?r[+ (f ! fur1 he 0 ba!d 9 sweat4 ,! div9e help] he _h call$ on 9 8 di/ress appe>$4#gge ,!re is in/ructive v>iety 9 ! ways 9 :i* ! l[] ,am]ican races "w out ! conception ( ! div9e =efa!r4 ,! ,m+o tribes rev]e & make (f]+s to ! ,fir/ ,man1 he :o 0 sav$ at ! great deluge1 z a p[]ful deity "u ! ,ma/] ( ,life1 or ev5 z id5tifi$ ) him2 "s ,mississippi ,indians said t ! ,fir/ ,man asc5d$ into heav51 & ?und]s !re2 among ! ,dog-ribs1 he 0 creator ( sun & moon2#ggf ,tamoi1 ! gr&fa!r & anci5t ( heav5 ( ! ,gu>anis1 0 _! fir/ ance/or1 :o dwelt among !m & taught !m to till ! soil1 & rose to heav5 9 ! ea/1 promis+ to succ\r !m on e>?1 & at dea? to c>ry !m f ! sacr$ tree into a new life :]e !y %\ld all meet aga91 & h mu* hunt+4#ggg ,polynesia1 aga91 has ?or\ghly work$ ! !ory ( div9e ance/ors into ! native sy/em ( multi=m & bl5d+ nature-deities4 ,m5 are sprung f ! div9e ,maui1 :om ,europeans h !re=e call$ ! #8,adam ( ,new ,zeal&1' or f ! ,r>otongan ,tiki1 :o seems 8 equival5t 7,mauitiki71 & :o aga9 is ! ,tii ( ! ,society ,isl&s2 x is1 h[ev]1 ! son ( ,tii :o precisely repres5ts a ,polynesian ,adam1 = 8 "n is ,taata1 i4e41 ,man1 & he is ! ance/or ( ! human race4 ,!re is p]haps also reason to id5tify ,maui & ! ,fir/ ,man ) ,akea1 fir/ ,k+ ( ,hawaii1 :o at 8 e>?ly dea? desc5d$ to rule ov] 8 d>k subt]ranean k+dom1 :]e 8 subjects are ! dead :o recl9e "u ! spread+ k\-trees1 & dr9k ( ! inf]nal riv]s1 & fe$ on liz>ds & butt]flies4#ggh ,9 ! my?ology ( ,kam*atka1 ! relation betwe5 ! ,creator & ! ,fir/ ,man is "o n ( id5tity b ( p>5tage4 ,among ! sons ( ,kutka ! ,creator is ,haet% ! ,fir/ ,man1 :o dwelt on e>?1 & di$1 & desc5d$ into ,hades to be *ief ( ! "u-_w2 !re he receives ! dead & new-ris5 ,kam*adals1 to cont9ue a life l t ( e>? 9 8 pleasant subt]ranean l& :]e mildness & pl5ty prevail1 z !y did 9 ! regions above 9 ! old days :5 ! ,creator 0 /ill on e>?4#ggi ,among all ! l[] races :o h reason$ out ?is div9e ance/or1 none excel ^? consi/5t manes-wor%ipp]s1 ! ,zulus4 ,_! wor%ip ( ! manes ( ! dead has n only made ! clan-ance/ors ( a few g5]ations back into tribal deities 7,unkulunkulu71 b beyond ^!1 too f> (f & too little kn[n = actual wor%ip1 yet recogniz$ z ! orig9al race-deity & id5tifi$ ) ! ,creator1 /&s ! ,fir/ ,man1 he :o #8broke (f 9 ! beg9n+1' ! ,old-,old-,"o1 ! great ,unkulunkulu4 ,:ile ! ,zulu's mo/ int5se religi\s emotions are turn$ to ! gho/s ( ! dep>t$1 :ile he sacrifices 8 belov$ ox5 & prays ) agonis+ entreaty to 8 gr&fa!r1 & c>ries 8 tribal wor%ip back to ^? ance/ral deities ^: praise-giv+ names are /ill rememb]$1 ! ,fir/ ,man is beyond ! rea* ( su* rites4 #8,at fir/ we saw t we 7 made by ,unkulunkulu4 ,b :5 we 7 ill we did n wor%ip him1 nor ask any?+ ( him4 ,we wor%ipp$ ^? :om we _h se5 ) our eyes1 _! dea? & _! life among u4444 ,unkulunkulu _h no long] a son :o c\ld wor%ip him2 !re 0 no go+ back to ! beg9n+1 = p increas$1 & 7 scatt]$ abroad1 & ea* h\se _h its own connections2 !re 0 no "o :o said1 8,= my "p ,i am ( ! h\se ( ,unkulunkulu40' ,nay m1 ! ,zulus :o w\ld n d>e to affront an #8idhlozi1' a common gho/1 t might be angry & kill !m1 h come to make op5 mock ( ! "n ( ! great fir/ ance/or4 ,:5 ! gr[n-up p wi% to talk privately or eat some?+ by !mselves1 x is ! regul> ?+ to s5d ! *ildr5 out to call at ! top ( _! voices = ,unkulunkulu4 #8,! "n ( ,unkulunkulu has no respect paid to x among black m52 = 8 h\se no long] exi/s4 ,x is n[ l ! "n ( a v old crone1 :o has no p[] to d ev5 a little ?+ = h]self1 b sits cont9ually :]e %e sat 9 ! morn+ till ! sun sets4 ,& ! *ildr5 make sport ( h]1 = %e _c cat* !m & flog !m1 b only talk ) h] m\?4 ,j s is ! "n ( ,unkulunkulu :5 all ! *ildr5 are told to g & call him4 ,he is n[ a means ( mak+ sport ( *ildr54'#ghj ,9 ,aryan religion1 ! div9ities j describ$ give u analogues = ! ,h9du ,yama1 ?r\gh\t 8 ?reefold nature z ,fir/ ,man1 z sol> ,god ( ,hades1 z ,judge ( ! ,dead4 ,pr(essor ,max ,mll] ?us sugge/s 8 orig91 :i* may inde$ be inf]r$ f 8 be+ call$ ! *ild ( ,vivasvat1 himself ! ,sun3 #8,! sun1 conceiv$ z sett+ or dy+ e day1 0 ! fir/ :o _h trodd5 ! pa? ( life f ,ea/ to ,we/--! fir/ mortal--! fir/ to %[ u ! way :5 our c\rse is run1 & our sun sets 9 ! f> ,we/4 ,?i!r ! fa!rs foll[$ ,yama2 !re !y sit ) him rejoic+1 & ?i!r we too %all g :5 8 mess5g]s 7day & night7 h f\nd u out4444 ,yama is said to h cross$ ! rapid wat]s1 to h %[n ! way to _m1 to h fir/ kn[n ! pa? on :i* our fa!rs cross$ ov]4' ,x is a p]fectly consi/5t my?-=mation1 t ! sol> ,yama %\ld become ! fir/ ( mortals :o di$ & discov]$ ! way to ! o!r _w1 :o guides o!r m5 ?i!r & assembles !m 9 a home :i* is secur$ to !m = ev]4 ,z repres5tative ( dea?1 ,yama _h ev5 9 e>ly ,aryan times 8 aspects ( t]ror1 & 9 lat] ,indian !ology he becomes n only ! ,"l b ! awful ,judge ( ! ,dead1 :om "s mod]n ,h9dus are said to wor%ip alone ( all ! gods1 alleg+ t _! future /ate is to be det]m9$ only by ,yama1 & t !y h no?+ !re=e to hope or fe> f any beside him4 ,9 ^! days1 ,h9du & ,p>si 9 ,bombay are le>n+ f s*ol>s 9 ,europe ! anci5t connexion ( _! long antagoni/ic fai?s1 & h to he> t ,yama son ( ,visavat sitt+ on 8 awful judgm5t-seat ( ! dead1 to rew>d ! good & puni% ! wick$ ) hide\s tortures1 & ,yima son ( ,vivanho :o 9 primval days reign$ ov] 8 happy dea?less k+dom ( good ,z>a?u/rian m51 are b two figures develop$ 9 ! c\rse ( ages out ( "o & ! same ,aryan nature-my?4#gha ,)9 ! limits ( ,jewi%1 ,*ri/ian1 & ,moslem !ology1 ! ,fir/ ,man sc>cely occupies m ?an a place ( prec$5ce among ! human race 9 ,hades or 9 ,heav51 n ! high (fice ( ,"l ( ! ,dead4 ,yet t t5d5cy to deify an ideal ance/or1 :i* we obs]ve to act s /rongly on l[] races1 has tak5 effect also "h4 ,! ,rabb9ical ,adam is a gigantic be+ rea*+ f e>? to heav51 = ! def9ition ( ^: /ature ,rabbi ,eliez] cites ,deut]onomy iv4 #cb1 #8,god made man 7,adam7 ^u ! e>?1 & f "o end ( heav5 to ! o!r4'#ghb ,x is "o ( ! famili> episodes ( ! ,koran1 h[ ! angels 7 bidd5 to b[ d[n be=e ,adam1 ! reg5t ( ,allah ^u e>?1 & h[ ,eblis 7,diabolus7 swell+ ) pride1 refus$ ! act ( adoration4#ghc ,among ! ,gno/ic sect ( ! ,val5t9ians1 ,adam ! primal man 9 :om ! ,deity _h reveal$ himself1 /ood z e>?ly repres5tative ( ! ,demiurge1 & 0 ev5 c\nt$ among ! ons4#ghd ,! figures ( ! great deities ( ,poly!ism1 ?us trac$ 9 outl9e accord+ to ! det]m9+ idea on :i* ea* is %ap$1 seem to %[ t conceptions orig9at+ "u rude & primitive conditions ( human ?\ght & pass+ !nce into ! range ( high] culture1 may suff] 9 ! c\rse ( ages ! mo/ v>i\s fates1 to be exp&$1 elaborat$1 trans=m$1 or ab&on$4 ,yet ! philosophy ( mod]n ages /ill to a rem>kable degree foll[s ! primitive c\rses ( savage ?\ght1 ev5 z ! highways ( our l& s (t5 foll[ ! un*ang+ tracks ( b>b>ic roads4 ,let u endeav\r timidly & circumspectly to trace onw>d f savage times ! c\rses ( va/ & pregnant g5]alization :i* t5d t[>ds ! two greate/ ( ! _w's s*emes ( religi\s doctr9e1 ! sy/ems ( ,dualism & ,mono!ism4 ,rudim5t>y =ms ( ,dualism1 ! antagonism ( a ,good & ,evil ,deity1 are well kn[n among ! l[] races ( mank9d4 ,! inve/igation ( ^! savage & b>b>ic doctr9es1 h[ev]1 is a task dem&+ peculi> caution4 ,! ,europeans 9 contact ) ^! rude tribes s9ce _! discov]y1 !mselves = ! mo/ "p hold+ /rongly duali/ic =ms ( ,*ri/ianity1 to ! ext5t ( practically subject+ ! _w to ! cont5d+ influ5ces ( armies ( good & evil spirits "u ! antagoni/ic control ( ,god & ,devil1 7 liable on ! "o h& to mi/ake & exagg]ate savage ideas 9 ?is direction1 s t _! records ( native religion c only be accept$ ) res]ve1 :ile on ! o!r h& !re is no d\bt t duali/ic ideas h be5 l>gely introduc$ & develop$ among ! savages !mselves1 "u ?is same ,european influ5ce4 ,= in/ance1 among ! natives ( ,au/ralia1 we he> ( ! great deity ,nambaj&i :o dwells 9 8 heav5ly p>adise1 :]e ! happy %ades ( black m5 fea/ & dance & s+ = ev]more2 ov] aga9/ him /&s ! great evil be+ ,w>rgra1 :o dwells 9 ! ne!rmo/ regions1 :o causes ! great calamities :i* befall mank9d1 & :om ! natives repres5t ) horns & tail1 al?\gh no horn$ bea/ is indig5\s 9 ! l&4#ghe ,!re may be m or less native sub/ratum 9 all ?is1 b ! h9ts borr[$ f popul> ,*ri/ian ideas are unmi/akeable4 ,?us also1 among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians1 ! native religion 0 modifi$ "u ! influ5ce ( ideas borr[$ f ! :ite m51 & !re arose a full duali/ic s*eme1 ( :i* ,loskiel1 a ,moravian mission>y conv]sant especially ) ,algonqu9 & ,iroquois tribes1 gives ! foll[+ sugge/ive p>ticul>s1 dat+ f #agid4 #8,!y 7! ,indians7 fir/ receiv$ 9 mod]n times ?r\gh ! ,europeans ! idea ( ! ,devil1 ! ,pr9ce ( ,d>kness4 ,!y consid] him z a v mighty _s1 :o c only d evil1 & !re=e call him ! ,evil ,"o4 ,?us !y n[ believe 9 a great good & a great evil _s2 to ! "o !y ascribe all good1 & to ! o!r all evil4 ,ab\t ?irty ye>s ago1 a rem>kable *ange took place 9 ! religi\s op9ions ( ! ,indians4 ,"s prea*]s ( _! own nation pret5d$ to h receiv$ revelations f above1 to h travell$ into heav51 & conv]s$ ) ,god4 ,!y gave diff]5t acc\nts ( _! j\rney to heav51 b all agre$ 9 ?is1 t no "o c\ld arrive !re )\t great dang]2 = ! road runs close by ! gates ( hell4 ,!re ! ,devil lies 9 ambu%1 & snat*es at e "o :o is go+ to ,god4 ,n[ ^? :o h pass$ by ?is dang]\s place unhurt1 come fir/ to ! ,son ( ,god1 & f him to ,god himself1 f :om !y pret5d to h receiv$ a comm&m5t1 to in/ruct ! ,indians 9 ! way to heav54 ,by !m ! ,indians 7 in=m$ t heav5 0 ! dwell+ ( ,god1 & hell t ( ! ,devil4 ,"s ( ^! prea*]s _h n inde$ rea*$ ! dwell+ ( ,god1 b pr(ess$ to h approa*$ ne> en\gh to he> ! cocks 9 heav5 cr[1 or to see ! smoke ( ! *imneys 9 heav51 c41 c4'#ghf ,su* unequivocal pro(s t savage tribes c adopt & "w into ! mid/ ( _! native beliefs ! ,european doctr9e ( ! ,good & ,evil ,_s1 mu/ induce u to criticize ke5ly all record$ acc\nts ( ! religion ( uncultur$ tribes1 le/ we %\ld mi/ake ! confus$ reflexion ( ,*ri/5dom = ! indig5\s !ology ( ,au/ralia or ,canada4 ,x is ! m ne$ful to br+ ?is /ate ( ?+s into ! cle>e/ light1 9 ord] t ! religion ( ! l[] tribes may be plac$ 9 its prop] relation to ! religion ( ! high] nations4 ,g5u9e savage fai?s d 9 fact br+ to our view :at seem to be rudim5t>y =ms ( ideas :i* und]lie duali/ic !ological s*emes among high] nations4 ,x is c]ta9 t ev5 among rude savage hordes1 native ?\ght has already turn$ t[>d ! deep problem ( good & evil4 ,_! crude ?\gh e>ne/ speculation has already tri$ to solve ! great my/]y :i* /ill resi/s ! ef=ts ( morali/s & !ologians4 ,b z 9 g5]al ! animi/ic doctr9e ( ! l[] races is n yet an e?ical in/itution1 b a philosophy ( man & nature1 s savage dualism is n yet a !ory ( ab/ract moral pr9ciples1 b a !ory ( pleasure or pa91 pr(it or loss1 affect+ ! individual man1 8 family1 or at ! utmo/ /ret*1 8 p4 ,?is n>r[ & rudim5t>y di/9ction betwe5 good & evil 0 n unfairly /at$ by ! savage :o expla9$ t if anybody took away 8 wife1 t w\ld be bad1 b if he himself took someone's else's1 t w\ld be good4 ,n[ by ! savage or b>b>ian m9d1 ! spiritual be+s :i* by _! p]sonal action acc\nt = ! ev5ts ( life & ! op]ations ( nature1 are apt to be reg>d$ z k9dly or ho/ile1 sometimes or always1 l ! human be+s on ^: type !y are s obvi\sly modell$4 ,9 su* a case1 we may well judge by ! safe analogy ( disembodi$ human s\ls1 & x appe>s t ^! are habitually reg>d$ z sometimes fri5ds & sometimes foes ( ! liv+4 ,no?+ c\ld be m conclusive 9 ?is respect ?an an acc\nt ( ! ?ree days' battle betwe5 two factions ( ,zulu gho/s = ! life ( a man & wife :om ! "o spiritual p>ty desir$ to de/roy & ! o!r to save2 ! def5d+ spirits prevail$1 dug up ! bewit*$ *>m-bags :i* _h be5 buri$ to cause sympa!tic disease1 & flung ^! objects into ! mid/ ( ! assembly ( ! p wat*+ 9 sil5ce1 j z ! spirits n[ fl+ real fl[]s at a table-rapp+ sance4#ghg ,= spirits less closely belong+ to ! def9ition ( gho/s1 may be tak5 ,ro*e=t's rem>ks 9 ! #ag? c5tury z to ! two sorts ( spirits1 good & bad1 recogniz$ by ! ,c>ibs ( ! ,we/ ,indies4 ,?is writ] decl>es t _! good spirits or div9ities are 9 fact s _m demons :o s$uce !m & keep !m en*a9$ 9 _! damnable s]vitude2 b nev]!less1 he says1 ! p !mselves d di/+ui% !m f _! evil spirits4#ghh ,nor c we pron\nce ?is di/9ction ( !irs unreasonable1 le>n+ f o!r au?orities t x 0 ! (fice ( "s ( ^! spirits to att5d m5 z famili> g5ii1 & ( o!rs to inflict diseases4 ,aft] ! num]\s details :i* h incid5tally be5 cit$ 9 ! pres5t volumes1 x w be ne$less to (f] f>!r pro( t spiritual be+s are really conceiv$ by savages & b>b>ians z rang$ 9 antagoni/ic ranks z good & evil1 i4e41 fri5dly & ho/ile to !mselves4 ,! int]e/+ enquiry on :i* x is "h desirable to collect evid5ce1 is ?is3 h[ f> are ! doctr9es ( ! high] nations anticipat$ 9 pr9ciple among ! l[] tribes1 9 ! assignm5t ( ! conduct ( ! univ]se to two mighty ho/ile be+s1 9 :om ! cont5d+ p[]s ( good & evil are p]sonifi$1 ! ,good ,deity & ! ,evil ,deity1 ea* ! head & rul] ( a spiritual ho/ l-m9d$8 ,! true answ] seems to be t savage belief displays to u ! primitive conceptions :i*1 :5 develop$ 9 sy/ematic =m & atta*$ to e?ical mean+1 take _! place 9 religi\s sy/ems ( :i* ! ,zoroa/rian is ! type4 ,fir/1 :5 9 di/rict aft] di/rict two special deities ) special native names are contra/$ 9 native religion z ! ,good & ,evil ,deity1 x is 9 "s cases easi] to expla9 ^! be+s z native at lea/ 9 orig91 ?an to suppose t =eign int]c\rse %\ld h ex]t$ ! consi/5t & f>-rea*+ influ5ce ne$$ to introduce !m4 ,second1 :5 ! deities 9 "q are actually poly!i/ic gods1 su* z ,sun1 ,moon1 ,heav51 ,e>?1 consid]$ z ( good or evil1 i4e41 fav\rable or unfav\rable aspect1 ?is looks l native developm5t1 n innovation d]iv$ f a =eign religion ignor+ su* div9ities4 ,?ird1 :5 x is held t ! ,good ,deity is remote & otiose1 b ! ,evil ,deity pres5t & active1 & wor%ip is !re=e direct$ especially to ! propitiation ( ! ho/ile pr9ciple1 we h "h a conception :i* appe>s native 9 ! l[] culture1 r ?an d]iv$ f ! high] culture to :i* x is unfamili> & ev5 hateful4 ,n[ ,dualism1 z prevail+ among ! l[] races1 w be se5 9 a consid]able degree to ass]t its orig9ality by satisfy+ "o or m ( ^! conditions4 ,!re h be5 record$ among ! ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica a gr\p ( my?ic beliefs1 :i* display ! fundam5tal idea ( dualism 9 ! v act ( g]m9at+ 9 savage religion4 ,yet ! exam9ation ( ^! my?s leads u fir/ to de/ructive criticism ( a picturesque b n anci5t memb] ( ! s]ies4 ,an e?nologi/1 ask$ to po9t out ! mo/ /rik+ savage duali/ic leg5d ( ! _w1 w\ld be likely to "n ! celebrat$ ,iroquois my? ( ! ,tw9 ,bre?r54 ,! curr5t v]sion ( ?is leg5d is t set d[n 9 #ahbe by ! ,*ri/ian *ief ( ! ,tusc>oras1 ,david ,cusick1 z ! belief ( 8 p4 ,among ! anci5ts1 he relates1 !re 7 two worlds1 ! l[] _w 9 d>kness & possess$ by mon/]s1 ! upp] _w inhabit$ by mank9d4 ,a woman ne> h] travail sank f ?is upp] region to ! d>k _w bel[4 ,%e alight$ on a ,tortoise1 prep>$ to receive h] ) a little e>? on 8 back1 :i* ,tortoise became an isl&4 ,! cele/ial "m bore tw9 sons into ! d>k _w1 & di$4 ,! tortoise increas$ to a great isl&1 & ! tw9s grew up4 ,"o 0 ( g5tle disposition1 & 0 call$ ,enigorio1 ! ,good ,m9d1 ! o!r 0 ( insol5t "*1 & 0 nam$ ,enigonhahetgea1 ! ,bad ,m9d4 ,! ,good ,m9d1 n cont5t$ to rema9 9 d>kness1 wi%$ to create a great light2 ! ,bad ,m9d desir$ t ! _w %\ld rema9 9 its natural /ate4 ,! ,good ,m9d took 8 dead "m's head & made x ! sun1 & ( a remnant ( h] body he made ! moon4 ,^! 7 to give light to ! day & to ! night4 ,also he creat$ _m spots ( light1 n[ />s3 ^! 7 to regulate ! days1 nights1 seasons1 ye>s4 ,:]e ! light came ^u ! d>k _w1 ! mon/]s 7 displeas$1 & hid !mselves 9 ! dep?s1 le/ man %\ld f9d !m4 ,! ,good ,m9d cont9u$ ! creation1 =m$ _m creeks & riv]s on ! ,great ,isl&1 creat$ small & great bea/s to inhabit ! =e/s1 & fi%es to inhabit ! wat]s4 ,:5 he _h made ! univ]se1 he d\bt$ conc]n+ be+s to possess ! ,great ,isl&4 ,he =m$ two images ( ! du/ ( ! gr\nd 9 8 own lik5ess1 male & female1 & by brea?+ into _! no/rils gave !m liv+ s\ls1 & nam$ !m ,ea-gwe-h[e1 t is #8real p2' & he gave ! ,great ,isl& all ! animals ( game = _! ma9t5ance2 he appo9t$ ?und] to wat] ! e>? by frequ5t ra9s2 ! isl& became fruitful1 & vegetation af=d$ to ! animals subsi/5ce4 ,! ,bad ,m9d w5t ?r\gh\t ! isl& & made high m\nta9s & wat]falls & great /eeps1 & creat$ reptiles injuri\s to mank9d2 b ! ,good ,m9d re/or$ ! isl& to its =m] condition4 ,! ,bad ,m9d made two clay images 9 ! =m ( man1 b :ile he 0 giv+ !m exi/5ce !y became apes2 & s on4 ,! ,good ,m9d accompli%$ ! works ( creation1 not)/&+ ! imag9ations ( ! ,bad ,m9d 7 cont9ually evil2 ?us he attempt$ to enclose all ! animals ( game 9 ! e>? away f mank9d1 b 8 bro!r set !m free1 & traces ( !m 7 made on ! rocks ne> ! cave :]e !y 7 %ut 94 ,at la/ ! bre?r5 came to s+le combat = ! ma/]y ( ! univ]se4 ,! ,good ,m9d falsely p]suad$ ! ,bad ,m9d t :ipp+ ) flags w\ld de/roy 8 own life1 b he himself us$ ! de]-horns1 ! in/rum5t ( dea?4 ,aft] a two days' fight1 ! ,good ,m9d slew 8 bro!r & cru%$ him 9 ! e>?2 & ! la/ words ( ! ,bad ,m9d 7 t he w\ld h equal p[] ov] m5's s\ls aft] dea?1 !n he sank d[n to et]nal doom & became ! ,evil ,_s4 ,! ,good ,m9d visit$ ! p1 & !n retir$ f ! e>?4#ghi ,?is is a graphic tale4 ,its v]sions ( ! cosmic my? ( ! ,_w-,tortoise1 & its app>5t philosophical my? ( fossil footpr9ts1 h mu* my?ological int]e/4 ,b its ,biblical copy+ ext5ds to ! v phraseology1 & only p>tial g5u95ess c be all[$ to its ma9 !me4 ,dr4 ,br9ton has %[n f e>ly ,am]ican writ]s h[ mu* duali/ic fancy has sprung up s9ce ! times ( fir/ int]c\rse betwe5 natives & :ite m54 ,:5 ?is leg5d is comp>$ ) ! e>li] v]sion giv5 by ,fa!r ,brebeuf1 mission>y to ! ,hurons 9 #afcf1 we f9d its :ole complexion alt]$2 ! moral dualism vani%es2 ! names ( ,good & ,bad ,m9d d n appe>2 x is ! /ory ( ,ioskeha ! ,:ite ,"o1 ) 8 bro!r ,tawisc>a ! ,d>k ,"o1 & we at once p]ceive t ,*ri/ian influ5ce 9 ! c\rse ( two c5turies _h giv5 ! tale a mean+ =eign to its real int5t4 ,yet to g back to ! e>lie/ s\rces & exam9e ?is my? ( ! ,:ite ,"o & ! ,d>k ,"o1 proves x to be itself a p]fect example ( ! rise ( primitive dualism 9 ! savage m9d4 ,fa!r ,brebeuf's /ory is z foll[s3 ,aata5tsic ! ,moon fell f heav5 on e>?1 & bore two sons1 ,ta\isc>on & ,i\skeha1 :o be+ gr[n up qu>rell$2 judge1 he says1 if !re be n 9 ?is a t\* ( ! dea? ( ,abel4 ,!y came to combat1 b ) v diff]5t weapons4 ,i\skeha _h a /ag-horn1 ,ta\isc>on cont5t$ himself ) "s wild-rose b]ries1 p]suad+ himself t z soon z he %\ld ?us smite 8 bro!r1 he w\ld fall dead at 8 feet2 b x fell out q o!rwise ?an he _h promis$ himself1 & ,i\skeha /ruck him s heavy a bl[ 9 ! side t ! blood gu%$ =? 9 /reams4 ,! poor wret* fl$1 & f 8 blood :i* fell ^u ! l& came ! fl9ts :i* ! savages /ill call ,ta\isc>a1 f ! victim's "n4 ,f ?is we see x to be true t ! orig9al my? ( ! two bro!rs1 ! ,:ite ,"o & ! ,d>k ,"o1 _h no moral elem5t4 ,x seems m]e nature-my?1 ! conte/ betwe5 ,day & ,night1 = ! ,hurons knew t ,i\skeha 0 ! ,sun1 ev5 z 8 "m or gr&mo!r ,aata5tsic 0 ! ,moon4 ,yet 9 ! contra/ betwe5 ^! two1 ! ,huron m9d _h already come to ! rudim5t>y contra/ ( ! ,good & ,evil ,deity4 ,i\skeha ! ,sun1 x is expressly said1 seem$ to ! ,indians _! b5efactor2 _! kettle w\ld n boil 7 x n = him2 x 0 he :o le>nt f ! ,tortoise ! art ( mak+ fire2 )\t him !y w\ld h no luck 9 hunt+2 x is he :o makes ! corn to gr[4 ,i\skeha ! ,sun takes c>e = ! liv+ & all ?+s conc]n+ life1 & !re=e1 says ! mission>y1 !y say he is good4 ,b ,aata5tsic ! ,moon1 ! creatress ( e>? & man1 makes m5 die & has *>ge ( _! dep>t$ s\ls1 & !y say %e is evil4 ,! ,sun & ,moon dwell toge!r 9 _! cab9 at ! end ( ! e>?1 & ?i!r x 0 t ! ,indians made ! my?ic j\rney ( :i* v>i\s episodes h be5 m ?an once cit$ "h2 true to _! respective *>act]s1 ! ,sun receives ! travell]s k9dly & saves !m f ! h>m ! beaute\s b hurtful ,moon w\ld h done !m4 ,ano!r mission>y ( /ill e>li] "t id5tifies ,i\skeha ) ! supreme deity ,atahocan3 #8,i\skeha1' he says1 #8is good & gives gr[? & fair wea!r2 8 gr&mo!r ,eatah5tsic is wick$ & spoils4'#gij ,?us 9 e>ly ,iroquois leg5d1 ! ,sun & ,moon1 z god & goddess ( ,day & ,night1 _h already acquir$ ! *>act]s ( ! great fri5d & enemy ( man1 ! ,good & ,evil ,deity4 ,& z to ! relat$ cosmic leg5d ( ,day & ,night1 contra/$ 9 ! p]sons ( ! two bro!rs1 ! ,:ite ,"o & ! ,d>k ,"o1 ?\gh ?is 0 orig9ally pure une?ic nature-my?1 yet x naturally took ! same direction among ! half-,europeaniz$ ,indians ( lat] times1 becom+ a moral my? ( ,good & ,evil4 ,! idea comes to full maturity 9 ! mod]n %ap+ ( ,iroquois religion1 :]e ! good & great deity ,hw5neyu ! ,rul] has oppos$ to him a rival deity keep+ ! same "n z 9 ! my?1 ,hnegoategeh ! ,evil-m9d$4 ,we h ?us be=e u ! pr(\ndly int]e/+ fact1 t ! rude ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians h m ?an once begun ! same my?ologic transition :i* 9 anci5t ,asia %ap$ ! contra/ ( light & d>kness into ! contra/ ( righte\sness & wick$ness1 by foll[+ out ! same ?\ght :i* /ill 9 ! ,european m9d arrays 9 ! ho/ile =ms ( ,light & ,d>kness ! cont5d+ p[]s ( ,good & ,evil4 ,judg+ by su* evid5ce1 at once ( ! rudim5t>y dualism spr++ up 9 savage animism1 & ( ! t5d5cy ( ?is to amalgamate ) simil> ?\ght br\ght 9 by =eign int]c\rse1 x is possible to acc\nt = _m sy/ems ( ! duali/ic class f\nd 9 ! native religions ( ,am]ica4 ,:ile ! evid5ce may lead u to agree ) ,waitz t ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian dualism1 ! mo/ di/9ct & univ]sal feature ( _! religion1 is n to be altoge!r ref]r$ to a mod]n ,*ri/ian orig91 yet c>e mu/ be tak5 n to claim z ! result ( primitive religi\s developm5t :at %[s signs ( be+ borr[$ civiliz$ !ology4 ,! records rema9 ( ! ,jesuit mission>y tea*+ "u :i* ! ,algonqu9s came to use _! native t]m ,manitu1 t is1 _s or demon1 9 speak+ ( ! ,*ri/ian ,god & ,devil z ! good & ! evil ,manitu4 ,/ill lat]1 ! ,great ,_s & ! ,evil ,_s1 ,kit*i ,manitu & ,mat*i ,manitu1 ga9$ a wid] place 9 ! beliefs ( ,nor? ,am]ican tribes1 :o comb9$ ^! adopt$ ,*ri/ian conceptions ) old] native beliefs 9 p[]s ( light & w>m? & life & protection1 ( d>kness & cold & dea? & de/ruction4 ,?us ! two great antagoni/ic ,be+s became *iefs ( ! k9dly & h>mful spirits p]vad+ ! _w & /ruggl+ = ! ma/]y ov] x4 ,"h ! nature-religion ( ! savage 0 exp&$ & develop$ r ?an set on foot by ! =eign]4 ,among o!r ,am]ican races1 su* comb9ations ( =eign & native religi\s ideas are easy to f9d1 ?\gh h>d to analyse4 ,9 ! extreme nor?-we/1 we may d\bt any native orig9 9 ! semi-,*ri/ianiz$ ,kodiak's def9ition ( ,%ljem ,%o ! creator ( heav5 & e>?1 to :om (f]+s 7 made be=e & aft] ! hunt1 z contra/$ ) ,ijak ! bad _s dwell+ 9 ! e>?4 ,9 ! extreme s\?-ea/ may be f\nd m orig9ality among ! ,floridan ,indians two or ?ree c5turies ago1 = !y are said to h paid solemn wor%ip to ! ,bad ,_s ,toia :o plagu$ !m ) visions1 b to h _h small reg>d = ! ,good ,_s1 :o tr\bles himself little ab\t mank9d4#gia ,on ! s\!rn cont95t1 ,m>tius makes ?is *>act]i/ic rem>k z to ! rude tribes ( ,brazil3 #8,all ,indians h a lively conviction ( ! p[] ( an evil pr9ciple ov] !m2 9 _m !re dawns also a glimpse ( ! good2 b !y rev]e ! "o less ?an !y fe> ! o!r4 ,x might be ?\ght t !y hold ! ,good ,be+ weak] 9 relation to ! fate ( man ?an ! evil4' ,?is g5]alization is to "s ext5t support$ by /atem5ts z to p>ticul> tribes4 ,! ,macusis are said to recognize ! good creator ,macunaima1 #8he :o works by night1' & 8 evil adv]s>y ,epel or ,horiu*3 ( ^! p x is obs]v$ t #8,all ! p[]s ( nature are products ( ! ,good ,_s1 :5 !y d n di/urb ! ,indian's re/ & com=t1 b ! "w ( evil spirits :5 !y d4' ,uauloa & ,locozy1 ! good & evil deity ( ! ,yumanas1 live above ! e>? & t[>d ! sun2 ! ,evil ,deity is fe>$ by ^! savages1 b ! ,good ,deity w come to eat fruit ) ! dep>t$ & take _! s\ls to 8 dwell+1 :]e=e !y bury ! dead ea* d\bl$ up 9 8 great e>!n pot1 ) fruit 9 8 lap1 & look+ t[>d ! sunrise4 ,ev5 ! rude ,botocudos are ?\ght to recognize antagoni/ic pr9ciples ( good & evil 9 ! p]sons ( ! ,sun & ,moon4#gib ,?is idea has especial int]e/ f its correspond5ce on ! "o h& ) t ( ! ,iroquois tribes1 & on ! o!r ) t ( ! comp>atively civiliz$ ,muyscas ( ,bogota1 ^: good deity is unequivocally a my?ic ,sun1 ?w>t$ 9 8 k9dly lab\rs = man by 8 wick$ wife ,huy?aca ! ,moon4#gic ,! native religion ( ,*ili is said to h plac$ among ! subalt]n deities ,meul51 ! fri5d ( man1 & ,huecuvu ! bad _s & au?or ( evil4 ,^! p c h>dly h le>nt f ,*ri/ianity to conceive _! evil _s z simply & fully ! g5]al cause ( mis=tune3 if ! e>? quakes1 ,huecuvu has giv5 x a %ock2 if a horse tires1 ,huecuvu has ridd5 him2 if a man falls sick1 ,huecuvu has s5t ! disease into 8 body1 & no man dies b t ,huecuvu suffocates him4#gid ,9 ,africa1 aga91 all[+ = ,moslem influ5ce1 dualism is n ill repres5t$ 9 native religion4 ,an old acc\nt f ,loango describes ! natives z !oretically recogniz+ ,zambi ! supreme deity1 creator ( good & lov] ( ju/ice1 & ov] aga9/ him ,zambi-anbi ! de/roy]1 ! c\nsellor ( crime1 ! au?or ( loss & accid5t1 ( disease & dea?4 ,b :5 x comes to actual wor%ip1 z ! good god w always be fav\rable1 x is ! god ( evil :o mu/ be appeas$1 & x is = 8 satisfaction t m5 ab/a9 "s f "o k9d ( food & "s f ano!r4#gie ,among acc\nts ( ! two rival deities 9 ,we/ ,africa1 "o describes ! ,gu9ea negroes z recogniz+ bel[ ! ,supreme ,deity two spirits 7or classes ( spirits71 ,ombwiri & ,onyambe1 ! "o k9d & g5tle1 do+ good to m5 & rescu+ !m f h>m1 ! o!r hateful & wick$1 ^: seldom m5tion$ "n is he>d ) uneas9ess & displeasure4#gif ,x w\ld be sc>cely pr(itable1 9 an enquiry :]e accurate k ( ! doctr9e ( any insignificant tribe is m to ! purpose ?an vague speculation on ! !ology ( ! mightie/ nation1 to dwell on ! enigmatic traces ( anci5t ,egyptian dualism4 ,suffice x to say t ! two bro!r-deities ,osiris & ,seti1 ,osiris ! b5efic5t sol> div9ity ^: nature ! bless$ dead took on !m1 ,seti p]haps a rival national god degrad$ to a ,typhon1 seem to h become ! repres5tative figures ( a contra/$ s*eme ( light & d>kness1 good & evil2 ! sculptur$ granite /ill commemorates ! conte/s ( _! long-dep>t$ sects1 :]e ! hi]oglyphic squ>e-e>$ bea/ ( ,seti has be5 defac$ to sub/itute = x ! figure ( ,osiris4#gig ,! conception ( ! light-god z ! good deity 9 contra/ to a rival god ( evil1 is "o pla9ly sugge/$ by nature1 & naturally recurr+ 9 ! religions ( ! _w4 ,! ,khonds ( ,orissa may be c\nt$ its mo/ p]fect mod]n expon5ts 9 b>b>ic culture4 ,to _! supreme creative deity1 ,bra ,p5nu or ,bella ,p5nu1 ,light-god or ,sun-god1 !re /&s oppos$ 8 evil consort ,t>i ,p5nu ! ,e>?-goddess1 & ! hi/ory ( good & evil 9 ! _w is ! hi/ory ( 8 "w & h] c\nt]work4 ,he creat$ a _w p>adisaic1 happy1 h>mless2 %e rebell$ aga9/ him1 & to bla/ ! lot ( 8 new creature1 man1 %e br\ght 9 disease1 & poison1 & all disord]1 #8s[+ ! se$s ( s9 9 mank9d z 9 a pl\gh$ field4' ,dea? became ! div9e puni%m5t ( wick$ness1 ! spontane\sly f]tile e>? w5t to jungle & rock & mud1 plants & animals grew poison\s & fi]ce1 ?r\gh\t nature good & evil 7 comm+l$1 & /ill ! fight goes on betwe5 ! two great p[]s4 ,s f> all ,khonds agree1 & x is on ! practical relation ( good & evil t !y split into _! two ho/ile sects ( ,bra & ,t>i4 ,bra's sect hold t he triumph$ ov] ,t>i1 9 sign ( h] discomfiture impos$ ! c>es ( *ildbir? on h] sex1 & makes h] /ill 8 subject in/rum5t :]e) to puni%2 ,t>i's sect hold t %e /ill ma9ta9s ! /ruggle1 & ev5 practically disposes ( ! happ9ess ( man1 do+ evil or good on h] own acc\nt1 & all[+ or n all[+ ! ,creator's bless+s to rea* mank9d4#gih ,n[ t ! sacr$ books ( ! ,z5d-,ave/a are op5 to u1 x is possible to comp>e ! doctr9es ( savage tribes ) ^? ( ! great fai? ?r\gh :i* ( all o!rs ,dualism seems to h impress$ itself on ! high] nations4 ,! religion ( ,z>a?u/ra 0 a s*ism f t anci5t ,aryan nature-wor%ip :i* is repres5t$ 9 a pure & e>ly =m 9 ! ,v$a1 & 9 depravity & decay 9 mod]n ,h9duism4 ,! lead+ ?\ght ( ! ,z>a?u/rian fai? 0 ! conte/ ( ,good & ,evil 9 ! _w1 a contra/ typifi$ & involv$ 9 t ( ,day & ,night1 ,light & ,d>kness1 & br\ght to p]sonal %ape 9 ! w>f>e ( ,ahura-,mazda & ,anra-,ma9yu1 ! ,good & ,evil ,deity1 ,ormuzd & ,ahriman4 ,! prophet ,z>a?u/ra said3 #8,9 ! beg9n+ !re 0 a pair ( tw9s1 two spirits1 ea* ( a peculi> activity4 ,^! are ! good & ! base 9 ?\ght1 ^w1 & de$4 ,*oose "o ( ^! two spirits4 ,be good1 n base6' ,! sacr$ ,v5didad beg9s ) ! record ( ! primval conte/ ( ! two pr9ciples4 ,ahura-,mazda creat$ ! be/ ( regions & l&s1 ! ,aryan home1 ,sogdia1 ,bactria1 & ! re/2 ,anra-,ma9yu aga9/ 8 "w creat$ sn[ & pe/il5ce1 buzz+ insects & poison\s plants1 pov]ty & sickness1 s9 & unbelief4 ,! mod]n ,p>si1 9 passages ( 8 =mul>ies ( confession1 /ill keeps alive ! old antagonism4 ,i rep5t1 he says1 ( all k9d ( s9s :i* ! evil ,ahriman produc$ among/ ! creatures ( ,ormuzd 9 opposition4 #8,t :i* 0 ! wi% ( ,ormazd ! ,creator1 & ,i ought to h ?\ght & h n ?\ght1 :at ,i ought to h spok5 & h n spok51 :at ,i ought to h done & h n done2 ( ^! s9s rep5t ,i ) ?\ghts1 words1 & works1 corporeal z well z spiritual1 e>?ly z well z heav5ly1 ) ! ?ree words3 ,p>don1 ,o ,"l1 ,i rep5t ( s94 ,t :i* 0 ! wi% ( ,ahriman1 & ,i ought n to h ?\ght & yet h ?\ght1 :at ,i ought n to h spok5 & yet h spok51 :at ,i ought n to h done & yet h done2 ( ^! s9s rep5t ,i ) ?\ghts1 words1 & works1 corporeal z well z spiritual1 e>?ly z well z heav5ly1 ) ! ?ree words3 ,p>don1 ,o ,"l1 ,i rep5t ( s94' 444 #8,may ,ahriman be brok51 may ,ormazd increase4'#gii ,! ,iz$is or ,yezidis1 ! s-call$ ,devil-wor%ipp]s1 /ill rema9 a num]\s ?\gh oppress$ p 9 ,mesopotamia & adjac5t c\ntries4 ,_! adoration ( ! sun & horror ( defil+ fire accord ) ! idea ( a ,p]sian orig9 ( _! religion 7,p]sian iz$ god71 an orig9 und]ly+ m sup]ficial admixture ( ,*ri/ian & ,moslem elem5ts4 ,?is rem>kable sect is di/+ui%$ by a special =m ( dualism4 ,:ile recogniz+ ! exi/5ce ( a ,supreme ,be+1 _! peculi> rev]5ce is giv5 to ,satan1 *ief ( ! angelic ho/1 :o n[ has ! means ( do+ evil to mank9d1 & 9 8 re/oration w h ! p[] ( rew>d+ !m4 #8,w n ,satan !n rew>d ! poor ,iz$is1 :o alone h nev] spok5 ill ( him1 & h suff]$ s mu* = him8' ,m>tyrdom = ! rights ( ,satan6 exclaims ! ,g]man travell] to :om an old :ite-be>d$ devil-wor%ipp] ?us set =? ! hopes ( 8 religion4#hjj ,direct wor%ip ( ! ,evil ,pr9ciple1 famili> z x is to l[ b>b>ic races1 is sc>cely to be f\nd among p high] 9 civilization ?an ^! p]secut$ & /ubborn sect>ies ( ,we/]n ,asia4 ,s f> z su* ideas ext5d 9 ! developm5t ( religion1 !y seem fair evid5ce h[ f> wor%ip among l[ tribes turns r on fe> ?an love4 ,t ! adoration ( a ,good ,deity %\ld h m & m sup]s$$ ! propitiation ( an ,evil ,deity1 is ! sign ( "o ( ! great movem5ts 9 ! education ( mank9d1 a result ( happi] exp]i5ce ( life1 & ( l>g] & m gladsome views ( ! sy/em ( ! univ]se4 ,x is n1 h[ev]1 ?r\gh ! inactive sy/ems ( mod]n ,p>sism & ,iz$ism t ! mighty ,zoroa/rian dualism has ex]t$ its ma9 influ5ce on mank9d4 ,we mu/ look back to long-pa/ ages = traces ( its contact ) ,judaism & ,*ri/ianity4 ,x is (t5 & reasonably ?\ght t int]c\rse betwe5 ,jews & anci5t ,p]sians 0 an effective ag5t 9 produc+ t !ologic *ange :i* diff]5ces ! lat] ,jew ( ! ,rabb9ical books f ! e>li] ,jew ( ! ,p5tateu*1 a *ange 9 :i* "o important "p is ! great] prom95ce ( ! duali/ic s*eme4 ,s 9 lat] times 7ab\t ! f\r? c5tury71 ! contact ( ,zoroa/rism & ,*ri/ianity appe>s to h be5 influ5tial 9 produc+ ,mani*ism4 ,mani*ism is kn[n mo/ly on ! te/imony ( its adv]s>ies1 b ?us mu* seems cle>1 t x is bas$ on ! v doctr9e ( ! two antagoni/ic pr9ciples ( good & evil1 ( _s & matt]4 ,x sets on ! "o h& ,god1 orig9al good & s\rce ( good alone1 primal light & "l ( ! k+dom ( light1 & on ! o!r h& ! ,pr9ce ( ,d>kness1 ) 8 k+dom ( d>kness1 ( matt]1 ( confusion1 & de/ruction4 ,! !ory ( ceaseless conflict betwe5 ^! cont5d+ p[]s becomes a key to ! physical & moral nature & c\rse ( ! univ]se4#hja ,among ,*ri/ian or semi-,*ri/ian sects1 ! ,mani*ans /& z repres5tatives ( dualism pu%$ to its utmo/ developm5t4 ,x ne$ sc>cely be said1 h[ev]1 t ,*ri/ian dualism is n b\nd$ by ! limits ( ?is or t special sect4 ,9 s f> z ! ,evil ,be+1 ) 8 subord9ate p[]s ( d>kness1 is held to exi/ & act 9 any degree 9 indep5d5ce ( ! ,supreme ,deity & 8 m9i/]+ spirits ( light1 s f> !ological s*ools admit1 ?\gh 9 widely diff]5t grades ( importance1 a philosophy ( nature & ( life :i* has its basis r 9 dualism ?an 9 mono!ism4 ,we n[ turn to ! la/ objects ( our pres5t survey1 ^? !ological beliefs ( ! l[] tribes ( mank9d :i* po9t m or less di/9ctly t[>d a doctr9e ( ,mono!ism4 ,"h x is by no means propos$ to exam9e savage ideas f ! po9t ( view ( doctr9al !ology1 an und]tak+ :i* w\ld dem& argum5ts q beyond ! pres5t range4 ,_! treatm5t is limit$ to classify+ ! actual beliefs ( ! l[] races1 ) "s e?nographic consid]ations z to _! orig9 & _! relation to high] religions4 ,= ?is purpose x is desirable to di/+ui% ! preval5t doctr9es ( ! uncultur$ _w f absolute mono!ism4 ,at ! outset1 c>e is ne$$ to exclude an ambiguity ( :i* ! importance (t5 goes unnotic$4 ,h[ are ! mighty b subord9ate div9ities1 recogniz$ 9 diff]5t religions1 to be class$8 ,be+s :o 9 ,*ri/ian or ,moslem !ology w\ld be call$ angels1 sa9ts1 demons1 w\ld "u ! same def9itions be call$ deities 9 poly!i/ic sy/ems4 ,?is is obvi\s1 b we may realize x m di/9ctly f its actually hav+ happ5$4 ,! ,*uwa%es1 a race ( ,tat> aff9ity1 are /at$ to rev]5ce a god ( ,dea?1 :o takes to himself ! s\ls ( ! dep>t$1 & :om !y call ,esrel2 x is curi\s t ,ca/rn1 9 m5tion+ ?is1 %\ld fail to po9t out t ?is deity is no o!r ?an ,azrael ! angel ( dea?1 adopt$ "u ,moslem influ5ce4#hjb ,aga91 9 ! mix$ ,pagan & ,*ri/ian religion ( ! ,circassians1 :i* at lea/ 9 its rec5tly preval5t =m w\ld be reckon$ poly!i/ic1 !re /& b5ea? ! ,supreme ,be+ a numb] ( mighty subord9ate deities1 ( :om ! pr9cipal are ,iele ! ,?und]-god1 ,tleps ! ,fire-god1 ,seos]es ! god ( ,w9d & ,wat]1 ,misit*a ! ,=e/-god1 & ,m>iam ! ,virg9 ,m>y4#hjc ,if ! mono!i/ic crit]ion be simply made to consi/ 9 ! ,supreme ,deity be+ held z creator ( ! univ]se & *ief ( ! spiritual hi]>*y1 !n its application to savage & b>b>ic !ology w lead to p]plex+ consequ5ces4 ,races ( ,nor? & ,s\? ,am]ica1 ( ,africa1 ( ,polynesia1 recogniz+ a numb] ( great deities1 are usually & reasonably consid]$ poly!i/s1 yet "u ?is def9ition _! ackn[l$gm5t ( a ,supreme ,creator1 ( :i* v>i\s cases w "h be %[n1 w\ld entitle !m at ! same "t to ! "n ( mono!i/s4 ,to m>k (f ! doctr9es ( mono!ism1 clos] def9ition is requir$1 assign+ ! di/9ctive attributes ( deity to none save ! ,almighty ,creator4 ,x may be decl>$ t1 9 ?is /rict s5se1 no savage tribe ( mono!i/s has be5 ev] kn[n4 ,nor are any fair repres5tatives ( ! l[] culture 9 a /rict s5se pan!i/s4 ,! doctr9e :i* !y d widely hold1 & :i* op5s to !m a c\rse t5d+ 9 "o or o!r ( ^! directions1 is poly!ism culm9at+ 9 ! rule ( "o supreme div9ity4 ,high above ! doctr9e ( s\ls1 ( div9e manes1 ( local nature-spirits1 ( ! great deities ( class & elem5t1 !re are to be disc]n$ 9 b>b>ic !ology %ad[+s1 qua9t or maje/ic1 ( ! conception ( a ,supreme ,deity1 h5ce=? to be trac$ onw>d 9 exp&+ p[] & bright5+ glory along ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,x is no unimportant task1 p>tial z x is1 to select & gr\p ! typical data :i* %[ ! nature & position ( ! doctr9e ( supremacy1 z x comes into view )9 ! l[] culture4 ,on ! ?re%old ( ! inve/igation1 !re meets u ! same critical difficulty :i* ob/ructs ! /udy ( primitive dualism4 ,among l[ tribes :o h be5 9 contact ) ,*ri/ianity or ,mohamm$anism1 h[ are we to tell to :at ext5t1 "u ?is =eign influ5ce1 dim1 unc\? ideas ( div9e supremacy may h be5 develop$ into m cultur$ =ms1 or :olly =eign ideas implant$8 ,we "k h[ ! ,jesuit mission>ies l$ ! native ,canadians to ! conception ( ! ,great ,manitu2 h[ !y took up ! native ,brazilian "n ( ! div9e ,?und]1 ,tupan1 & adapt$ its mean+ to convey 9 ,*ri/ian tea*+ ! idea ( ,god4 ,?us1 aga91 we f9d mo/ di/9ctly-m>k$ ,african ideas ( a ,supreme ,deity 9 ! ,we/1 :]e int]c\rse ) ,moslems has actually ,islamiz$ or semi-,islamiz$ :ole negro nations1 & ! "n ( ,allah is 9 all m5's m\?s4 ,! e?nograph] mu/ be ev] on ! look-out = traces ( su* =eign influ5ce 9 ! def9ition ( ! ,supreme ,deity ackn[l$g$ by any uncultur$ race1 a div9ity ^: nature & ev5 ^: "n may betray 8 adoption f abroad4 ,?us ! supreme ,iroquois deity1 ,neo or ,hawaneu1 ! pre-exi/5t creator1 has be5 triumphantly adduc$ to %[ ! mono!ism und]ly+ ! native cre$s ( ,am]ica4 ,b x seems t ?is div9ity 0 introduc$ by ! ,fr5* ,ca?olic mission>ies1 & t ,niio is an alt]$ =m ( ,dieu4#hjd ,among ! li/ ( supreme deities ( ! l[] races :o are also held to be fir/ ance/ors ( man1 we he> ( ,l\quo1 ! uncreate fir/ ,c>ib1 :o desc5d$ f ! et]nal heav51 made ! flat e>?1 & produc$ man f 8 own body4 ,he liv$ long on e>? among m51 di$ & came to life aga9 aft] ?ree days1 & return$ to heav54#hje ,x w\ld be h>dly reasonable to enum]ate1 among g5u9e deities ( native ,we/ ,indian religion1 a be+ ) *>act]i/ics ?us on ! face ( !m adopt$ f ! religion ( ! :ite m54 ,yet ev5 9 su* extreme cases1 x does n necess>ily foll[ t ! def9itions ( ^! deities1 vitiat$ z !y are = e?nographical use by =eign influ5ce1 h n to "s ext5t a native sub/ratum4 ,9 criticis+ details1 moreov]1 x mu/ n be =gott5 h[ l>gely ! simil>ities 9 ! religions ( diff]5t races may be ( indep5d5t orig91 & h[ closely alli$ are _m ideas 9 ! rude native !ologies ( savages to ideas hold+ an immemorial place 9 ! religions ( _! civiliz$ invad]s4 ,= ! pres5t purpose1 h[ev]1 x is well to dwell especially on su* evid5ce z by *>act]i/ic traits or e>ly date is f>!/ remov$ f suspicion ( be+ borr[$ f a =eign s\rce4 ,9 survey+ ! peoples ( ! _w1 ! e?nograph] f9ds _m :o are n %[n to h any def9ite conception ( a supreme deity2 & ev5 :]e su* a conception is plac$ on record1 x is sometimes s vaguely ass]t$1 or on su* que/ionable au?ority1 t he c b take note ( x & pass on4 ,9 num]\s cases1 h[ev]1 illu/rat$ by ! foll[+ collection f diff]5t regions1 c]ta9 lead+ ideas1 s+ly or bl5d$1 may be trac$4 ,!re are _m savage & b>b>ic religions :i* solve _! highe/ problem by ! simple process ( rais+ to div9e primacy "o ( ! gods ( poly!ism itself4 ,ev5 ! sy/em ( ! manes-wor%ipp] has be5 /ret*$ to rea* ! limit ( supreme deity1 9 ! p]son ( ! primval ance/or4 ,m frequ5tly1 x is ! nature-wor%ipp]'s pr9ciple :i* has prevail$1 giv+ to "o ( ! great nature-deities ! prec$5ce ( ! re/4 ,"h1 by no recondite speculation1 b by ! pla9 tea*+ ( nature1 ! *oice has = ! mo/ "p la9 betwe5 two mighty visible div9ities1 ! all-animat+ ,sun & ! all-encompass+ ,heav54 ,9 ! /udy ( su* s*emes1 we are on intellectual t]ra firma4 ,!re is among ! religions ( ! l[] races ano!r notable gr\p ( sy/ems1 seem+ly 9 close connexion ) ! fir/4 ,^! display to u a heav5ly pan!on arrang$ on ! model ( an e>?ly political con/itution1 :]e ! commonalty are cr[ds ( human s\ls & o!r tribes ( _w-p]vad+ spirits1 ! ari/ocracy are great poly!i/ic gods1 & ! ,k+ is ! supreme ,deity4 ,to ?is comp>atively intelligible side ( ! subject1 a m p]plex$ & obscure side /&s contra/$4 ,among ?\ghtful m5 ^: !ory ( ! s\l animat+ ! body has already l$ !m to suppose a div9e _s animat+ ! huge mass ( e>? or sky1 ?is idea ne$s b a la/ expansion to become a doctr9e ( ! univ]se z animat$ by "o greate/1 all-p]vad+ div9ity1 ! ,_w-,_s4 ,moreov]1 :]e speculative philosophy grapples ) ! va/ fundam5tal _w-problem1 ! solution is atta9$ by asc5d+ f ! ,_m to ! ,"o1 by /riv+ to disc]n ?r\gh & beyond ! ,univ]se a ,fir/ ,cause4 ,let ! basis ( su* reason+ be laid 9 !ological gr\nd1 !n ! ,fir/ ,cause is realiz$ z ! ,supreme ,deity4 ,9 su* ways1 ! result ( c>ry+ to _! utmo/ limits ! animi/ic conceptions :i* among l[ races & high p]vade ! philosophy ( religion1 is to rea* an idea ( z x 7 a s\l ( ! _w1 a %ap]1 animator1 rul] ( ! univ]se4 ,ent]+ ^! regions ( transc5d5tal !ology1 we are n to wond] t ! comp>ative di/9ctness belong+ to conceptions ( l[] spiritual be+s "h fades away4 ,human s\ls1 subord9ate nature-spirits1 & huge poly!i/ic nature-gods1 c>ry ) ! def9$ special functions !y p]=m "s def9$ "* & figure1 b beyond su* limits =m & function bl5d into ! inf9ite & univ]sal 9 ! ?\ght ( supreme div9ity4 ,to realize ?is wide/ idea1 two especial ways are op54 ,! fir/ way is to fuse ! attributes ( ! great poly!i/ic p[]s into m or less ( common p]sonality1 ?us conceiv+ t1 aft] all1 x is ! same ,highe/ ,be+ :o holds up ! heav5s1 %9es 9 ! sun1 smites 8 foes 9 ! ?und]1 /&s fir/ 9 ! human p$igree z ! div9e ance/or4 ,! second way is to remove ! limit ( !ologic speculation into ! region ( ! indef9ite & ! inane4 ,an un%ap$ div9e entity loom+ va/1 %ad[y1 & calm beyond & ov] ! mat]ial _w1 too b5evol5t or too exalt$ to ne$ human wor%ip1 too huge1 too remote1 too indiff]5t1 too sup9e1 too m]ely exi/5t1 to conc]n himself ) ! petty race ( m51--?is is a my/ic =m ( =mlessness 9 :i* religion has n seldom pictur$ ! ,supreme4 ,?us1 !n1 x appe>s t ! !ology ( ! l[] races already rea*es its climax 9 conceptions ( a highe/ ( ! gods1 & t ^! conceptions 9 ! savage & b>b>ic _w are no copies /amp$ f "o common type1 b outl9es widely v>y+ among mank9d4 ,! deg5]ation-!ory1 9 "s in/ances no d\bt ) ju/ice1 may claim su* beliefs z mutilat$ & p]v]t$ remnants ( high] religions4 ,yet = ! mo/ "p1 ! developm5t-!ory is compet5t to acc\nt = !m )\t seek+ _! orig9 9 grades ( culture high] ?an ^? 9 :i* !y are f\nd exi/+4 ,look$ ^u z products ( natural religion1 su* doctr9es ( div9e supremacy seem 9 no way to transc5d ! p[]s ( ! l[-cultur$ m9d to reason out1 nor ( ! l[-cultur$ imag9ation to deck ) my?ic fancy4 ,!re h exi/$ 9 times pa/1 & d /ill exi/1 savage or b>b>ic peoples :o hold su* views ( a highe/ god z !y may h atta9$ to ( !mselves1 )\t ! aid ( m cultur$ nations4 ,among ^! races1 ,animism has its di/9ct & consi/5t outcome1 & ,poly!ism its di/9ct & consi/5t completion1 9 ! doctr9e ( a ,supreme ,deity4 ,! native religions ( ,s\? ,am]ica & ! ,we/ ,indies display a well-m>k$ s]ies ( types4 ,! primacy ( ! ,sun 0 long ago well /at$ by ! ,molu*es :5 a ,jesuit mission>y prea*$ to !m1 & !y repli$1 #8,till ?is h\r1 we nev] knew nor ackn[l$g$ any?+ great] or bett] ?an ! ,sun4'#hjf ,s :5 a lat] mission>y argu$ ) ! *ief ( ! ,tobas1 #8,my god is good & puni%es wick$ p1' ! *ief repli$1 #8,my ,god 7! ,sun7 is good likewise2 b he puni%es nobody1 satisfi$ to d good to all4'#hjg ,9 v>i\s manife/ations1 moreov]1 !re reigns among b>b>ians a supreme be+ ^: *>act]i/ics are ^? ( ! ,heav5-god4 ,x is ?us ) ! ,tamoi ( ! ,gu>anis1 #8t b5efic5t deity wor%ipp$ 9 8 bl5d$ "* ( ance/or ( mank9d & anci5t ( heav51 "l ( ! cele/ial p>adise4'#hjh ,x is s ) ! highe/ deity ( ! ,araucanians1 ,pillan ! ,?und] or ! ,?und]]1 call$ also ,hu5u-,pillan or ,heav5-,?und]1 & ,vuta-g5 or ,great ,be+4 #8,! univ]sal gov]nm5t ( ,pillan1' says ,mol9a1 #8is a prototype ( ! ,araucanian polity4 ,he is ! great ,toqui 7,gov]nor7 ( ! invisible _w1 & z su* has 8 ,apo-,ulm5es1 & 8 ,ulm5es1 to :om he entru/s ! adm9i/ration ( affairs ( less importance4 ,^! ideas are c]ta9ly v rude1 b x mu/ be ackn[l$g$ t ! ,araucanians are n ! only p :o h regulat$ ! ?+s ( heav5 by ^? ( ! e>?4'#hji ,a diff]5t b n less *>act]i/ic type ( ! ,supreme ,deity is plac$ on record among ! ,c>ibs1 a b5efic5t p[] dwell+ 9 ! skies1 repos+ 9 8 own happ9ess1 c>eless ( mank9d1 & by !m n hon\r$ nor ador$4#haj ,! !ological hi/ory ( ,p]u1 9 ages be=e ! ,spani% conque/1 has lately _h new light ?r[n on x by ! rese>*es ( ,mr4 ,m>kham4 ,"h ! /ud5t comes into view ( a rivalry full ( int]e/ 9 ! hi/ory ( b>b>ic religion1 ! rivalry betwe5 ! ,creator & ! div9e ,sun4 ,9 ! religion ( ! ,incas1 prec$5ce 0 giv5 to ,uiraco*a1 call$ ,pa*acamac1 #8,creator ( ! ,_w4' ,! ,sun 7) :om 0 c\pl$ 8 si/]-wife ! ,moon7 0 ! div9e ance/or1 ! dawn or orig91 ! totem or l>1 ( ! ,inca family4 ,! ?ree great deities 7 ! ,creator1 ,sun1 & ,?und]2 _! images 7 br\ght out toge!r at great fe/ivals into ! squ>e ( ,cuzco1 llamas 7 sacrific$ to all ?ree1 & !y c\ld be address$ 9 pray] toge!r1 #8,o ,creator1 & ,sun1 & ,?und]1 be = ev] "y1 multiply ! p1 & let !m always be at peace4' ,yet ! ,?und] & ,lightn+ 0 held to come by ! comm& ( ! ,creator1 & ! foll[+ pray] %[s cle>ly t ev5 #8our fa!r ! ,sun' 0 b 8 creature3-- #8,uiraco*a6 ,?\ :o gave/ be+ to ! ,sun1 & aft]w>ds said let !re be day & night4 ,raise x & cause x to %9e1 & pres]ve t :i* ?\ ha/ creat$1 t x may give light to m54 ,grant ?is1 ,uiraco*a6 #8,sun6 ,?\ :o art 9 peace & safety1 %9e ^u u1 keep u f sickness1 & keep u 9 heal? & safety4' ,among ! transitions ( religion1 h[ev]1 x is n /range t a subord9ate ,god1 by virtue ( 8 ne>] int]c\rse & p[]1 %\ld usurp ! place ( ! supreme deity4 ,among ! v>i\s traces ( ?is tak+ place "u ! ,incas1 are traditions ( ! great temple at ,cuzco call$ #8,! ,gold5 ,place1' :]e ,manco ,ccapac orig9ally set up a flat oval gold5 plate to signify ! ,creator2 ,mayta ,ccapac1 x is said1 r5ew$ ! ,creator's symbol1 b ,huasc> ,inca took x d[n1 & set up 9 its /ead 9 ! place ( hon\r a r\nd gold5 plate l ! sun ) rays4 ,! fam\s temple itself1 ,ccurican*a ! #8,gold5 ,place1' 0 kn[n to ! ,spani>ds z ! ,temple ( ! ,sun2 no wond] t ! idea has come to be s g5]ally accept$1 t ! ,sun 0 ! *ief god ( ,p]u4 ,!re is ev5 on record a memorable prote/ made by "o ,inca1 :o d>$ to d5y t ! ,sun c\ld be ! mak] ( all ?+s1 comp>+ him to a te!r$ bea/ t mu/ make ev] ! same daily r\nd1 & to an arr[ t mu/ g :i!r x is s5t1 n :i!r x w4 ,b :at avail$ philosophic prote/1 ev5 f ! head ( *ur* & /ate himself1 aga9/ a /ate *ur* ( :i* ! _w has seldom se5 ! equal = /iff & solid organization8 ,! ,sun reign$ 9 ,p]u till ,piz>ro ov]?rew him1 & 8 spl5did gold5 lik5ess came d[n f ! temple wall to be ! booty ( a ,ca/ilian soldi]1 :o lo/ x 9 "o night at play4#haa ,among rude tribes ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican cont95t1 evid5ce ( ! primacy ( ! div9e ,sun is n unkn[n4 ,fa!r ,h5nep9's acc\nt ( ! ,si\x wor%ipp+ ! ,sun z ! ,creator is explicit en\gh1 & agrees ) ! argum5t ( ! mod]n ,%awnees1 t ! ,sun animates ev]y?+1 & !re=e mu/ be ! ,ma/] ( ,life or ,great ,_s4#hab ,x is ! widespread belief 9 ?is ,great ,_s :i* has long & des]v$ly drawn ! att5tion ( ,european ?9k]s to ! native religions ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican tribes4 ,! "n ( ! ,great ,_s orig9ates ) ! equival5t t]m ,kit*i ,manitu 9 ! language ( ! ,algonqu9 ,indians4 ,be=e ! ,european int]c\rse 9 ! #ag? c5tury1 ^! tribes _h inde$ no deity s call$1 b z has be5 already po9t$ out1 ! t]m came fir/ into use by ! application ( ! native ^w manitu1 mean+ demon or deity1 to ! ,*ri/ian ,god4 ,dur+ ! foll[+ c5turies1 ! "n ( ! ,great ,_s1 ) ! ideas belong+ to ! "n1 travell$ f> & wide ov] ! cont95t4 ,x became ! ord9>y expression ( ,europeans 9 _! descriptions ( ,indian religion1 & 9 disc\rse c>ri$ on 9 ,engli% words betwe5 ,europeans & ,indians1 & 0 m or less naturaliz$ among ! ,indians !mselves4 ,on _! religions x _h on ! "o h& a trans=m+ influ5ce1 :ile on ! o!r h&1 z is usual 9 ! comb9ation ( religions1 ! new div9ity incorporat$ into himself ! *>act]i/ics ( native div9ities1 s t native ideas rema9$ 9 "p repres5t$ 9 him4 ,a div9e be+ ^: *>act]i/ics are (t5 s unlike :at ,european int]c\rse w\ld h sugge/$1 c\ld be h>dly altoge!r ( =eign orig94#hac ,aga91 among ! ,gre5l&]s1 ,torng>suk or ,great ,_s 78 "n is an augm5tative ( #8torngak'--#8demon'7 0 kn[n to ! e>ly ,dani% mission>y ,eg$e z ! oracul> deity ( ! angekoks1 to ^: "u-_w s\ls hope to desc5d at dea?4 ,he s f> held ! place ( supreme deity 9 ! native m9d1 t1 z ,cranz ! mission>y relates some:at aft]w>ds1 _m ,gre5l&]s he>+ ( ,god & 8 almighty p[] 7 apt to fall on ! idea t x 0 _! ,torng>suk :o 0 meant2 b he 0 ev5tually id5tifi$ ) ! ,devil4#had ,9 l mann]1 ,algonqu9 ,indians1 e>ly 9 ! #ag? c5tury1 he>+ ( ! :ite man's ,deity1 id5tifi$ him ) "o kn[n to _! own native belief1 ,atahocan ! ,creator4 ,:5 ,le ,jeune ! mission>y talk$ to !m ( an almighty creator ( heav5 & e>?1 !y began to say to "o ano!r1 #8,atahocan1 ,atahocan1 x is ,atahocan6' ,! traditional idea ( su* a be+ seems inde$ to h la9 9 utt] my?ic vagu5ess 9 _! ?\ghts1 = !y _h made 8 "n into a v]b1 #8,nitatahocan1' mean+1 #8,i tell a fable1 an old fanciful /ory4'#hae ,9 late times1 ,s*oolcraft repres5ts ! ,great ,_s z a ,s\l ( ! ,univ]se1 inhabit+ & animat+ all ?+s1 recogniz$ 9 rocks & trees1 9 cat>acts & cl\ds1 9 ?und] & lightn+1 9 tempe/ & zephyr1 becom+ inc>nate 9 birds & bea/s z titul> deities1 exi/+ 9 ! _w "u e possible =m1 animate & inanimate4#haf ,:e!r ! ,r$ ,indian m9d ev5 9 mod]n times really ent]ta9$ ?is extreme pan!i/ic s*eme1 we may well d\bt4 ,9 e>ly times ( ,am]ican discov]y1 ! records %[ a q diff]5t & m usual conception ( a supreme deity4 ,among ! m notewor?y ( ^! old] docum5ts are ! foll[+4 ,jacques ,c>ti]1 9 8 second ,canadian voyage 7#aece71 speaks ( ! p hav+ no valid belief 9 ,god1 = !y believe 9 "o :om !y call ,cud\agni1 & say t he (t5 speaks ) !m1 & tells !m :at ! wea!r w be2 !y say t :5 he is angry ) !m he ca/s e>? 9 _! eyes4 ,!vet's /atem5t some:at lat] is z foll[s3 #8,z to _! religion1 !y h no wor%ip or pray] to ,god1 except t !y contemplate ! new moon1 call$ 9 _! language ,osannaha1 say+ t ,&\agni calls x ?us1 s5d+ x little by little to advance or ret>d ! wat]s4 ,= ! re/1 !y fully believe t !re is a ,creator1 great] ?an ! ,sun1 ! ,moon1 & ! ,/>s1 & :o holds all 9 8 p[]4 ,he x is :om !y call ,&\agni1 )\t h[ev] hav+ any =m or me?od ( pray] to him4'#hag ,9 ,virg9ia ab\t #aehf1 we le>n f ,h]iot t ! natives believ$ 9 _m gods1 :i* !y call #8mantoac1' b ( diff]5t sorts & degrees1 also t !re is "o *ief god :o fir/ made o!r pr9cipal gods1 & aft]w>ds ! sun1 moon1 & />s z petty gods4 ,9 ,new ,engl&1 9 #afbb1 ,w9sl[ says t !y believe1 z d ! ,virg9ians1 9 _m div9e p[]s1 yet ( "o above all ! re/2 ! ,massa*usetts call _! great god ,kiehtan1 :o made all ! o!r gods2 he dwells f> we/]ly above ! heav5s1 :i!r all good m5 g :5 !y die2 #8,!y nev] saw ,kiehtan1 b !y hold x a great *>ge & dutie1 t "o age tea* ano!r2 & to him !y make fea/s1 & cry & s+ = pl5tie & victorie1 or any?+ is good4' ,ano!r fam\s native ,am]ican "n = ! supreme deity is ,oki4 ,capta9 ,john ,smi?1 ! h]o ( ! colonization ( ,virg9ia 9 #afjg1 he :o 0 befri5d$ by ,pocahontas1 #8,la ,belle ,sauvage1' ?us describes ! religion ( ! c\ntry1 & especially ( h] tribe1 ! ,p[hatans3 #8,!re is yet 9 ,virg9ia no place discov]$ to be s ,savage 9 :i* !y haue n a ,religion1 ,de]1 & ,b[ & ,arr[es4 ,all ?+s t are able to doe !m hurt beyond _! prev5tion1 !y adore ) _! k9de ( div9e wor%ip2 z ! fire1 wat]1 lightn+1 ?und]1 our ,ordnance peeces1 horses1 c4 ,b _! *iefe god !y wor%ip is ! ,devill4 ,him !y call ,okee1 & s]ue him m ( fe>e ?an l\e4 ,!y say !y haue conf]5ce ) him1 & fa%ion !mselves z ne>e to 8 %ape z !y c imag9e4 ,9 _! ,temples !y haue 8 image evill fav\r$ly c>v$1 & !n pa9t$ & adorn$ ) *a9es ( copp]1 & beads1 & cov]$ ) a sk9 9 su* mann] z ! de=mities may well suit ) su* a ,god4'#hah ,?is qua9t acc\nt des]ves to be quot$ at l5g? z an example ( ! judgm5t :i* a half-educat$ & :ole-prejudic$ ,european is apt to pass on savage deities1 :i* f 8 po9t ( view seem ( simply diabolic nature4 ,x is kn[n f o!r s\rces t ,oki1 a ^w belong+ n to ! ,p[hatan b to ! ,huron language1 0 9 fact a g5]al "n = _s or deity4 ,we may judge ! real belief ( ^! ,indians bett] f ,fa!r ,brebeuf's description ( ! ,heav5 ,god1 cit$ "h 9 a =m] *apt]3 !y imag9e 9 ! heav5s an ,oki1 t is1 a ,demon or p[] rul+ ! seasons ( ! ye>1 & controll+ ! w9ds & waves1 a be+ ^: ang] !y fe>1 & :om !y call on 9 mak+ solemn treaties4#hai ,ab\t a c5tury lat]1 ,fa!r ,lafitau wrote passages :i* illu/rate well ! trans=mation ( native animi/ic conceptions "u mission>y influ5ce into analogues ( ,*ri/ian !ology4 ,su* g5]al t]ms = spiritual be+s z #8oki' or #8manitu' _h become to him individual names ( "o supreme be+4 #8,?is great ,_s1 kn[n among ! ,c>ibs "u ! "n ( ,*emi91 "u t ( ,manit\ among ! ,algonqu9 nations1 & "u t ( ,okki among ^? :o speak ! ,huron tongue 444' c4 ,all ,am]ican tribes1 he says1 use expressions :i* c only d5ote ,god3 #8!y call him ! great ,_s1 sometimes ! ,ma/] & ,au?or ( ,life 444' c4#hbj ,! long] rude tribes ( ,am]ica h be5 9 contact ) ,european belief1 ! less confid5tly c we ascribe to purely native s\rces ! !ologic s*eme _! religions h settl$ into4 ,yet ! ,creeks t[>ds ! end ( ! #ah? c5tury pres]v$ "s elem5ts ( native fai?4 ,!y believ$ 9 ! ,great ,_s1 ! ,ma/] ( ,brea? 7a be+ :om ,b>tram repres5ts z a s\l & gov]nor ( ! univ]se73 to him !y w\ld address _! frequ5t pray]s & ejaculations1 at ! same "t pay+ a k9d ( homage to ! sun1 moon1 & />s1 z ! m$iators or m9i/]s ( ! ,great ,_s1 9 disp5s+ 8 attributes = _! com=t & well-be+ 9 ?is life4#hba ,9 our own day1 among ! wild ,coman*es ( ! prairies1 ! ,great ,_s1 _! creator & supreme deity1 is above ,sun & ,moon & ,e>?2 t[>ds him is s5t ! fir/ puff ( tobacco-smoke be=e ! ,sun receives ! second1 & to him is (f]$ ! fir/ morsel ( ! fea/4#hbb ,turn+ f ! simple fai?s ( savage tribes ( ,nor? ,am]ica to ! complex religion ( ! half-civiliz$ ,mexican nation1 we f9d :at we might naturally expect1 a cumbr\s poly!ism complicat$ by mixture ( sev]al national pan!ons1 & beside & beyond ?is1 c]ta9 appe>ances ( a doctr9e ( div9e supremacy4 ,b ^! doctr9es seem to h be5 spok5 ( m def9itely ?an ! evid5ce w>rants4 ,a rem>kable native developm5t ( ,mexican !ism mu/ be admitt$1 9 s f> z we may receive ! native hi/orian ,ixtlilxo*itl's acc\nt ( ! wor%ip paid by ,nezahualcoyotl1 ! poet k+ ( ,tezcuco1 to ! invisible supreme ,tloque ,nahuaque1 he :o has all 9 him1 ! cause ( causes1 9 ^: />-ro($ pyramid /ood no idol1 & :o !re receiv$ no bloody sacrifice1 b only fl[]s & inc5se4 ,yet x w\ld h be5 m satisfactory 7 ! /ories told by ?is ,aztec panegyri/ ( 8 royal ance/or confirm$ by o!r records4 ,traces ( div9e supremacy 9 ,mexican religion are especially associat$ ) ,tezcatlipoca1 #8,%9+ ,mirror1' a deity :o seems 9 8 orig9al nature ! ,sun-,god1 & !nce by expansion to h become ! s\l ( ! _w1 creator ( heav5 & e>?1 "l ( all ?+s1 ,supreme ,deity4 ,su* conceptions may 9 m or less measure h aris5 9 native ?\ght1 b x %\ld be po9t$ out t ! rem>kable ,aztec religi\s =mulas collect$ by ,sahagun1 9 :i* ! deity ,tezcatlipoca is s prom95t a figure1 %[ traces ( ,*ri/ian admixture 9 _! mat]ial1 z well z ( ,*ri/ian influ5ce 9 _! /yle4 ,= in/ance1 all /ud5ts ( ,mexican antiquities "k ! belief 9 ,mictlan1 ! ,hades ( ! dead4 ,b :5 "o ( ^! ,aztec pray]-=mulas 7conc]n+ auricul> confession1 ! wa%+ away ( s9s1 & a new bir?7 makes m5tion ( s9n]s be+ plung$ into a lake ( intol]able mis]y & torm5t1 ! introduction ( an idea s obvi\sly ,european condemns ! composition z n purely native4 ,! "q ( ! actual developm5ts ( ideas v]g+ on pan!ism or !ism1 among ! prie/s & philosoph]s ( native ,mexico1 is "o to be left = fur!r criticism4#hbc ,9 ! isl&s ( ! ,pacific1 ! idea ( ,supreme ,deity is especially manife/$ 9 t great my?ologic div9ity ( ! ,polynesian race1 :om ! ,new ,zeal&]s call ,tang>oa1 ! ,hawaiians ,kan>oa1 ! ,tongans & ,samoans ,tangaloa1 ! ,georgian & ,society isl&]s ,ta>oa4 ,/ud5ts ( ! sci5ce ( religion :o hold poly!ism to be b ! mis-developm5t ( a primal idea ( div9e unity1 :i* 9 spite ( corruption cont9ues to p]vade x1 might well *oose ?is ,s\? ,sea ,isl& div9ity z _! apte/ illu/ration f ! savage _w4 ,ta>oa1 says ,mo]5h\t1 is _! supreme or r only god2 = all ! o!rs1 z 9 o!r kn[n poly!isms1 seem sc>cely m ?an s5sible figures & images ( ! inf9ite attributes unit$ 9 8 div9e p]son4 ,! foll[+ is giv5 z a native poetic def9ition ( ! ,creator4 #8,he 02 ,ta>oa 0 8 "n2 he abode 9 ! void4 ,no e>?1 no sky1 no m54 ,ta>oa calls1 b n\ght answ]s2 & alone exi/+1 he became ! univ]se4 ,! props are ,ta>oa2 ! rocks are ,ta>oa2 ! s&s are ,ta>oa2 x is ?us he himself is nam$4' ,accord+ to ,ellis1 ,ta>oa is describ$ 9 ! ,leew>d ,isl&s z ! et]nal p>5tless uncreate ,creator1 dwell+ alone 9 ! highe/ heav51 ^: bodily =m mortals _c see1 :o aft] int]vals ( innum]able seasons ca/s (f 8 body or %ell & becomes r5ew$4 ,x 0 he :o creat$ ,h9a 8 daught]1 & ) h] aid =m$ ! sky & e>? & sea4 ,he f\nd$ ! _w on a solid rock1 :i* ) all ! creation he su/a9s by 8 invisible p[]4 ,!n he creat$ ! ranks ( less] deities su* z reign ov] sea & l& & air1 & gov]n peace & w>1 & preside ov] physic & husb&ry1 & canoe-build+1 & ro(+1 & !ft4 ,! v]sion f ! ,w9dw>d ,isl&s is t ,ta>oa's wife 0 ! rock1 ! f\ndation ( all ?+s1 & %e gave bir? to e>? & sea4 ,n[1 =tunately = our und]/&+ ( ?is my?1 ! "n ( ,ta>oa's wife1 ) :om he begat ! less] deities1 0 tak5 d[n 9 ,tahiti 9 ,capta9 ,cook's "t4 ,%e 0 a rock call$ ,papa1 & h] "n pla9ly sugge/s h] id5tity ) ,papa ! ,e>?1 ! wife ( ,rangi ! ,heav5 9 ! ,new ,zeal& my? ( ,heav5 & ,e>?1 ! great fir/ p>5ts4 ,if ?is inf]5ce be j1 !n x seems t ,ta>oa ! ,creator is no p]sonification ( a primval !i/ic idea1 b simply ! div9e p]sonal ,heav5 trans=m$ "u ,european influ5ce into ! supreme ,heav5-god4 ,?us1 :5 ,turn] gives ! ,samoan my?s ( ,tangaloa 9 heav5 presid+ ov] ! production ( ! e>? f b5ea? ! wat]s1 or ?r[+ d[n f ! sky rocks :i* are n[ isl&s1 ! classic "n by :i* he calls him is t :i* rightly describes 8 nature & my?ic orig9--,tangaloa1 ! ,polynesian ,jupit]4 ,yet 9 isl& di/rict aft] di/rict1 we f9d ! "n ( ! mighty heav5ly creator giv5 to o!r & less] my?ic be+s4 ,9 ,tahiti1 ! manes-wor%ipp]'s idea is appli$ n only to less] deities1 b to ,ta>oa ! ,creator himself1 :om "s ma9ta9$ to be b a man deifi$ aft] dea?4 ,9 ! ,new ,zeal& my?ology1 ,tang>oa figures on ! "o h& z ,sea-god & fa!r ( fi% & reptiles1 on ! o!r z ! mis*iev\s eaves-dropp+ god :o reveals secrets4 ,9 ,tonga1 ,tangaloa 0 god ( artific]s & arts1 & 8 prie/s 7 c>p5t]s2 x 0 he :o w5t =? to fi%1 & dragg$ up ! ,tonga isl&s f ! bottom ( ! sea4 ,"h1 !n1 he corresponds ) ,maui1 & inde$ ,tang>oa & ,maui are f\nd bl5d+ 9 ,polynesia ev5 to full id5tification4 ,x is nei!r easy nor safe to fix to def9ite orig9 ! ,protean %apes ( ,s\? ,sea my?ology1 b on ! :ole ! native my?s are apt to embody cosmic ideas1 & z ! idea ( ! ,sun prepond]ates 9 ,maui1 s ! idea ( ! ,heav5 9 ,ta>oa4#hbd ,9 ! ,fiji ,isl&s1 ^: native my?ology is on ! :ole di/9ct f t ( ,polynesia prop]1 a /range weird figure takes ! supreme place among ! gods4 ,8 "n is ,nd5gei1 ! s]p5t is 8 %r9e1 "s traditions repres5t him ) a s]p5t's head & body & ! re/ ( him /one4 ,he passes a monoton\s exi/5ce 9 8 gloomy cav]n1 feel+ no emotion nor s5sation1 nor any appetite b hung]2 he takes no int]e/ 9 any "o b ,uto1 8 att5dant1 & gives no sign ( life beyond eat+1 answ]+ 8 prie/1 & *ang+ 8 position f "o side to ! o!r4 ,no wond] ,nd5gei is less wor%ipp$ ?an mo/ ( ! inf]ior gods4 ,! natives h ev5 made a comic song ab\t him1 :]e he talks ) 8 att5dant1 ,uto1 :o has be5 to att5d ! fea/ at ,rakiraki1 :]e ,nd5gei has especially 8 temple & wor%ip4 ,nd5gei4 #8,h y be5 to ! %>+ ( food to-day8' ,uto4 #8,yes3 & turtles =m$ a "p2 b only ! "u-%ell 0 %>$ to u two4' ,nd5gei4 #8,inde$1 ,uto6 ,?is is v bad4 ,h[ is x8 ,we made !m m51 plac$ !m on ! e>?1 gave !m food1 & yet !y %>e to u only ! "u-%ell4 ,uto1 h[ is ?is8'#hbe ,! native religion ( ,africa1 a l& p]vad$ by ! doctr9es ( div9e hi]>*y & div9e supremacy1 af=ds apt evid5ce = ! problem be=e u4 ,! capacity ( ! manes-wor%ipp]'s s*eme to ext5d 9 ?is direction may be judg$ f ! religi\s speculations ( ! ,zulus1 :]e may be trac$ ! m]g+ ( ! ,fir/ ,man1 ! ,old-,old-,"o1 ,unkulunkulu1 into ! ideal ( ! ,creator1 ,?und]]1 & ,heav5-god4#hbf ,if we exam9e a collection ( docum5ts illu/rat+ ! doctr9es ( ! ,we/ ,african races ly+ betwe5 ! ,hott5tots on ! s\? & ! ,b]b]s on ! nor?1 we may fairly judge _! conceptions1 evid5tly influ5c$ z ^! h be5 by ,*ri/ian int]c\rse1 to be nev]!less bas$ on native ideas ( ! p]sonal ,heav54#hbg ,:e!r !y ?9k ( _! supreme deity z actively p]vad+ & gov]n+ 8 univ]se1 or z act+ ?r\gh 8 div9e subord9ates1 or z retir+ f 8 creation & leav+ ! less] spirits to "w _! w1 he is always to _! m9ds ! cele/ial rul]1 ! ,heav5-god4 ,examples may be cit$1 ea* 9 its way full ( in/ruction4 ,9 ! m9d ( ! ,gold-coa/ negro1 t5d5cies t[>ds !i/ic religion seem to h be5 ma9ly develop$ ?r\gh ! idea ( ,nyongmo1 ! p]sonal ,heav51 or its animat+ p]sonal deity4 ,heav51 wide-ar*+1 ra9-giv+1 light-giv+1 :o has be5 & is & %all be1 is to him ! ,supreme ,deity4 ,! sky is ,nyongmo's creature1 ! cl\ds are 8 veil1 ! />s 8 face-ornam5ts4 ,creator ( all ?+s1 & ( _! animat+ p[]s ^: *ief & eld] he is1 he sits 9 maje/ic re/ surr\nd$ by 8 *ildr51 ! wongs1 ! spirits ( ! air :o s]ve him & repres5t him on e>?4 ,?\gh m5's wor%ip is = ! mo/ "p paid to ^!1 rev]5ce is also giv5 to ,nyongmo1 ! ,elde/1 ! ,highe/4 ,e day1 said a feti%-man1 we see h[ ! grass & corn & trees spr+ =? by ! ra9 & sun%9e t ,nyongmo s5ds1 h[ %\ld he n be ! ,creator8 ,aga91 ! mighty ,heav5-god1 f> remov$ f man & seldom r\s$ to int]f]e 9 e>?ly int]e/s1 is ! type on :i* ! ,gu9ea negroes may h modell$ _! ?\ghts ( a ,highe/ ,deity :o has ab&on$ ! control ( 8 _w to less] & evil spirits4#hbh ,! religion ( ano!r di/rict seems to %[ cle>ly ! tra9 ( ?\ght by :i* su* ideas may be work$ out4 ,among ! ,kimbunda race ( ,congo1 ,suku-,vakange is ! highe/ be+4 ,he takes little int]e/ 9 mank9d1 leav+ ! real gov]nm5t ( ! _w to ! good & evil kilulu or spirits1 into ^: ranks ! s\ls ( m5 pass at dea?4 ,n[ 9 t !re are m bad spirits :o torm5t1 ?an good :o fav\r liv+ m51 human mis]y w\ld be unbe>able1 7 x n t f "t to "t ,suku-,vakange1 enrag$ at ! wick$ness ( ! evil spirits1 t]rifies !m ) ?und]1 & puni%es ! m ob/9ate ) 8 ?und]bolts4 ,!n he returns to re/1 & lets ! kilulu rule aga94#hbi ,:o1 we may ask1 is ?is div9ity1 calm & indiff]5t save :5 8 wra? bur/s =? 9 /orm1 b ! ,heav5 himself8 ,! relation ( ! ,supreme ,deity to ! less] gods ( poly!ism is graphically put 9 ! foll[+ passage1 :]e an ,am]ican mission>y among ! ,yorubas describes ! relation ( ,olorung1 ! ,"l ( ,heav51 to 8 less] deities 7orisa71 among :om ! *ief are ! &rogyn\s ,obatala1 repres5t+ ! reproductive p[] ( nature1 & ,%ango ! ,?und]-god4 #8,! doctr9e ( idolatry preval5t 9 ,yoruba appe>s to be d]iv$ by analogy f ! =m & cu/oms ( ! civil gov]nm5t4 ,!re is b "o k+ 9 ! nation1 & "o ,god ov] ! univ]se4 ,petition]s to ! k+ approa* him ?r\gh ! int]v5tion ( 8 s]vants1 c\rti]s1 & nobles3 & ! petition] conciliates ! c\rti] :om he employs by good words & pres5ts4 ,9 l mann] no man c directly approa* ,god2 b ! ,almighty himself1 !y say1 has appo9t$ v>i\s k9ds ( orisas1 :o are m$iators & int]cessors betwe5 himself & mank9d4 ,no sacrifices are made to ,god1 because he ne$s no?+2 b ! orisas1 be+ mu* l m51 are pleas$ ) (f]+s ( %eep1 pigeons1 & o!r ?+s4 ,!y conciliate ! orisa or m$iator t he may bless !m1 n 9 8 own p[]1 b 9 ! p[] ( ,god4'#hcj ,root$ z !y are 9 ! dep?s ( nature-wor%ip1 ! doctr9es ( ! supreme ,sun & ,heav5 bo? come to ! surface aga9 9 ! native religions ( ,asia4 ,! div9e ,sun holds 8 primacy di/9ctly en\gh among ! rude indig5\s tribes ( ,india4 ,al?\gh "o sect ( ! ,khonds ( ,orissa especially direct _! wor%ip to ,t>i ,p5nu ! ,e>?-goddess1 yet ev5 !y agree !oretically ) ! sect :o wor%ip ,bura ,p5nu or ,bella ,p5nu1 ,light-god or ,sun-god1 9 giv+ to him supremacy above ! manes-gods & nature-gods1 & all spiritual p[]s4#hca ,among ! ,kol tribes ( ,b5gal1 ! ackn[l$g$ primate ( all classes ( div9ities is ! b5efic5t supreme deity1 ,s+-bonga1 ,sun-god4 ,among "s ,munda tribes 8 au?ority is s real t !y w appeal to him = help :]e rec\rse to m9or deities has fail$2 :ile among ! ,santals 8 cultus has s dw9dl$ away t he receives less practical wor%ip ?an 8 malevol5t inf]iors1 & is sc>ce hon\r$ ) m ?an nom9al dignity & an occasional fea/4#hcb ,^! are rude tribes :o1 s f> z we "k1 h nev] be5 o!r ?an rude tribes4 ,! ,japanese are a comp>atively civiliz$ nation1 "o ( ^? s in/ructive to ! /ud5t ( culture f ! /ubborn cons]vatism ) :i* !y h consecrat$ by traditional rev]5ce1 & kept up by /ate au?ority1 ! religion ( _! =m] b>b>ism4 ,?is is ! ,kami-religion1 ,_s-religion1 ! anci5t b mix$ fai? ( div9e spirits ( ance/ors1 nature-spirits1 & poly!i/ic gods1 :i* /ill holds (ficial place by ! side ( ! import$ ,buddhism & ,confucianism4 ,! ,sun-goddess1 ,amat]asu1 #8,heav5-%9]1' ?\gh b sprung f ! left eye ( ! p>5t ,izanagi1 came to be hon\r$ above all less] kamis or gods1 :ile by a fiction ( ance/or-wor%ip ! sol> race1 z 9 ,p]u1 became ! royal family1 h] _s desc5d+ to animate ! ,mikado4 ,kaempf]1 9 8 #8,hi/ory ( ,japan1' writt5 e>ly 9 ! #ah? c5tury1 %[$ h[ absolutely ! div9e ,t5sio ,dai ,s91 repres5t$ bel[ on ! imp]ial ?rone1 0 look$ ^u z rul] ( ! m9or p[]s2 he m5tions ! ,japanese t5? mon?1 call$ ! #8godless mon?1' because !n ! less] gods are consid]$ to be away f _! temples1 gone to pay _! annual homage to ! ,dairi4 ,he describes1 z x 0 9 8 "t1 ! great ,japanese place ( pilgrimage1 ,yse4 ,!re 0 to be se5 ! small cav]n 9 a hill ne> ! sea1 :]e ! div9e ,sun once hid h]self1 depriv+ ! _w ( light1 & ?us %[+ h]self to be supreme above all gods4 ,)9 ! small anci5t temple h>d by1 ( :i* an acc\nt & a picture are giv5 f a ,japanese book1 !re 7 to be se5 r\nd ! walls ! usual pieces ( cut :ite pap]1 & 9 ! mid/ no?+ b a poli%$ metal mirror4#hcc ,ov] ! va/ range ( ! ,tat> races1 x is ! type ( ! supreme ,heav5 t comes prom95tly into view4 ,nature-wor%ipp]s 9 ! extreme s5se1 ^! rude tribes conceiv$ _! gho/s & elves & demons & great p[]s ( ! e>? & air to be1 l m5 !mselves1 )9 ! doma9 ( ! div9e ,heav51 almighty & all-encompass+4 ,to trace ! ,samoy$'s ?\ght ( ,num ! p]sonal ,sky pass+ into vague conceptions ( p]vad+ deity2 to see ) ! ,tunguz h[ ,boa ! ,heav5-god1 unse5 b all-kn[+1 k9dly b indiff]5t1 has divid$ ! bus9ess ( 8 _w among su* less] p[]s z sun & moon1 e>? & fire2 to disc]n ! mean+ ( ! ,mongrel ,t5gri1 %ad+ f ,heav5 into ,heav5-god1 & !nce into god or _s 9 g5]al2 to foll[ ! records ( ,heav5-wor%ip among ! anci5t ,turks & ,hiong-nu2 to comp>e ! supremacy among ! ,lapps ( ,ti]mes1 ! ,?und]]1 ) ! supremacy among ! ,f9ns ( ,jumala & ,ukko1 ! ,heav5-god & heav5ly ,gr&fa!r--su* evid5ce seems good gr\nd = ,ca/rn's argum5t1 t ! doctr9e ( ! div9e ,sky und]lay ! fir/ ,turanian conceptions1 n m]ely ( a ,heav5-god1 b ( a highe/ deity :o 9 aft] ages ( ,*ri/ian conv]sion bl5d$ into ! ,*ri/ian ,god4#hcd ,"h1 aga91 we may h ! advantage ( /udy+ among a cultur$ race ! survival ( religion f rud] anci5t times1 kept up by (ficial ord9ance4 ,! /ate religion ( ,*9a is 9 its dom9ant doctr9e ! wor%ip ( ,ti51 ,heav51 id5tifi$ ) ,%ang-ti1 ! ,emp]or-above1 next to :om /&s ,tu1 ,e>?2 :ile bel[ !m are wor%ipp$ great nature-spirits & ance/ors4 ,x is possible t ?is fai?1 z ,pr(essor ,max ,mll] argues1 may be e?nologically & ev5 l+ui/ically "p & p>cel ( ! g5]al ,heav5-wor%ip ( ! ,turanian tribes ( ,sib]ia4 ,at any rate1 x is id5tical ) x 9 its prim>y idea1 ! adoration ( ! supreme ,heav54 ,dr4 ,legge *>ges ,confucius ) an incl9ation to sub/itute 9 8 religi\s tea*+ ! "n ( ,ti51 ,heav51 = t kn[n to m anci5t religion & us$ 9 m anci5t books1 ,%ang-ti1 ! p]sonal rul+ ,deity4 ,b x seems r t ! sage 0 9 fact uphold+ ! traditions ( ! anci5t fai?1 ?us act+ accord+ to ! "* on :i* he prid$ himself1 t ( a transmitt] & n a mak]1 a pres]v] ( old k1 n a new reveal]4 ,x is 9 accordance ) ! usual c\rse ( !ologic developm5t1 = ! div9e ,heav5 to reign 9 rude my?ologic religion ov] ! less] spirits ( ! _w be=e ! *ildlike poetic ?\ght passes into ! /atesman's conception ( a ,cele/ial ,emp]or4 ,z ,pla? well rem>ks1 #8,x belongs to ! ,*9ese sy/em t all nature is animat$ by spirits1 & t all ^! foll[ "o ord]4 ,z ! ,*9ese _c ?9k ( a ,*9ese ,empire ) an ,emp]or only1 & )\t ! ho/ ( vassal-pr9ces & (ficials1 s he _c ?9k ( ! ,upp] ,emp]or )\t ! ho/ ( spirits4' ,develop$ 9 a diff]5t l9e1 ! idea ( a supreme ,heav5 comes to p]vade ,*9ese philosophy & e?ics z a g5]al expression ( fate1 ord9ance1 duty4 #8,heav5's ord] is nature'--#8,! wise man readily awaits ,heav5's comm&'--#8,man mu/ fir/ d 8 own "p2 :5 he has done all1 !n he c wait = ,heav5 to complete x'--#8,all /ate (fic]s are ,heav5's workm51 & repres5t him'--#8,h[ does ,heav5 speak8 ,! f\r seasons h _! c\rse1 ! hundr$ ?+s arise1 :at speaks he8'--#8,no1 ,heav5 speaks n2 by ! c\rse ( ev5ts he makes himself und]/ood1 no m4'#hce ,^! /ray scraps f old ,*9ese lit]ature are intelligible to ,european e>s1 = our ,aryan race has inde$ work$ out religi\s ideas f ! l s\rce & almo/ 9 ! l directions4 ,! ,samoy$ or ,tunguz ,heav5-god _h 8 analogue 9 ,dyu1 ,heav51 ( ! ,v$ic hymns4 ,once mean+ ! sky1 & ! sky p]sonifi$1 ?is ,zeus came to mean f> m ?an m]e heav5 9 ! m9ds ( ,greek poets & philosoph]s1 :5 x rose t[>d #8t conception :i* 9 sublimity1 brightness1 & inf9ity transc5d$ all o!rs z mu* z ! bright blue sky transc5d$ all o!r ?+s visible ^u e>?4' ,at ! l[] level ( my?ic religion1 ! ideal process ( %ap+ ! div9e _w into a mon>*ic con/itution 0 work$ out by ! anci5t ,greeks1 on ! same simple plan z among su* b>b>ians z ! ,kols ( ,*ota-,nagpur or ! ,gallas ( ,abyss9ia2 ,zeus is ,k+ ov] ,olympian gods1 & bel[ ^! aga9 are m>%all$ ! cr[d$ ranks ( demigods1 h]oes1 demons1 nymphs1 gho/s4 ,at ! high] level ( !ologic speculation1 exalt$ ?\ghts ( univ]sal cause & be+1 ( physical & moral law1 took p]sonality "u ! "n ( ,zeus4 ,x is 9 direct d]ivation along ?is hi/oric l9e1 t ! classical heav5-cultus /ill ass]ts itself 9 song & pageant among u1 9 t qua9te/ ( qua9t survivals1 ! factiti\s religion ( ! ,italian ,op]a1 :]e su* wor%ip z arti/ic ends require is /ill address$ to ! div9e ,cielo4 ,ev5 9 our daily talk1 colloquial expressions call up be=e ! m9d ( ! e?nograph] outl9es ( remote/ religi\s hi/ory4 ,heav5 grants1 =bids1 blesses /ill 9 phrase1 z h]et(ore 9 fact4 ,va/ & difficult z is ! rese>* into ! full scope & hi/ory ( ! doctr9e ( supremacy among ! high] nations1 x may be at lea/ se5 t helpful clues exi/ to lead ! explor]4 ,! doctr9e ( mighty nature-spirits1 inhabit+ & controll+ sky & e>? & sea1 seems to exp& 9 ,asia into su* ideas z t ( ,mahtman ! ,great ,_s1 ,p>amtman ! ,highe/ ,_s1 tak+ p]sonality z ,brahma ! all-p]vad+ univ]sal s\l#hcf--;9 ,europe into philosophic conceptions ( :i* a gr& type /&s out 9 ,kepl]'s words1 t ! univ]se is a h>moni\s :ole1 ^: s\l is ,god4 ,!re is a say+ ( ,comte's t ?r[s /rong light ^u ?is track ( speculative !ology3 he decl>es t ! conception among ! anci5ts ( ! ,s\l ( ! ,univ]se1 ! notion t ! e>? is a va/ liv+ animal1 & 9 our own "t1 ! obscure pan!ism :i* is s rife among ,g]man metaphysicians1 are only feti%ism g5]aliz$ & made sy/ematic4#hcg ,poly!ism1 9 its inextricable confusion ( ! p]sons & functions ( ! great div9ities1 & 9 its assignm5t ( ! sov]eignty ( ! _w to a supreme be+ :o comb9es 9 himself ! attributes ( sev]al su* m9or deities1 t5ds t[>d ! doctr9e ( fundam5tal unity4 ,max ,mll]1 9 a lecture on ! ,v$a1 has giv5 ! "n ( ka!no!ism to ! doctr9e ( div9e unity 9 div]sity :i* comes into view 9 ^! in/ructive l9es3-- #8,indram ,mitram ,v>unam ,agnim hur a?o divyah sa sup>no ,g>utmn3 ,ekam sad vipr bahudha vadanti ,agnim ,yamam ,mt>ivnam huh4' #8,!y call him ,indra1 ,mitra1 ,v>una1 ,agni2 !n he is ! beautiful-w+$ heav5ly ,g>utman3 ,t :i* is ,"o ! wise call x 9 div]s mann]s2 !y call x ,agni1 ,yama1 ,mt>ivan4'#hch ,! figure ( ! supreme deity1 be he ,heav5-god1 ,sun-god1 ,great ,_s1 beg9n+ already 9 uncultur$ ?\ght to take ! =m & function ( a div9e rul] ( ! _w1 repres5ts a conception :i* x becomes ! age-long "w ( sy/ematic !ology to develop & to def9e4 ,?us 9 ,greece arises ,zeus ! highe/1 greate/1 be/1 #8:o 0 & is & %all be1' #8beg9n+ & *ief ( all ?+s1' #8:o rules ov] all mortals & immortals1' #8,zeus ! god ( gods4'#hci ,su* is ,ahura ,mazda 9 ! ,p]sian fai?1 among ^: sev5ty-two names ( might are ^!3 ,creator1 ,protector1 ,n\ri%]1 ,holie/ ,heav5ly ,"o1 ,heal+ ,prie/1 ,mo/ ,pure1 ,mo/ ,maje/ic1 ,mo/ ,kn[+1 ,mo/ ,rul+ at ,w4#hdj ,!re may be tru? 9 ! ass]tion t ! esot]ic religion ( anci5t ,egypt c5tr$ 9 a doctr9e ( div9e unity1 manife/$ ?r\gh ! het]og5e\s cr[d ( popul> deities4#hda ,x may be a hopeless task to dis5tangle ! confus$ p]sonalities ( ,baal1 ,bel1 & ,molo*1 & no antiqu>y may ev] fully solve ! enigma h[ f> ! div9e "n ( ,el c>ri$ 9 its wide range among ! ,jewi% & o!r ,semitic nations a doctr9e ( div9e supremacy4#hdb ,! great ,syro-,phnician k+doms & religions h long s9ce pass$ away into d>kness1 leav+ b antiqu>ian relics to v\* = _! =m] might4 ,f> o!r has be5 ! hi/ory ( _! ,jewi% k9dr$1 /ill /&+ fa/ to _! anci5t nationality1 /ill uphold+ to ?is day _! patri>*al religion1 9 ! mid/ ( nations :o inh]it f ! fai? ( ,israel ! belief 9 "o ,god1 highe/1 almighty1 :o 9 ! beg9n+ made ! heav5s & ! e>?1 ^: ?rone is e/abli%$ ( old1 :o is f ev]la/+ to ev]la/+4 ,be=e n[ br++ ^! rese>*es to a close1 x w be well to /ate compactly ! reasons = treat+ ! animism ( ! mod]n savage _w z m or less repres5t+ ! animism ( remotely anci5t races ( mank9d4 ,savage animism1 f\nd$ on a doctr9e ( s\ls c>ri$ to an ext5t f> beyond its limits 9 ! cultivat$ _w1 & !nce exp&+ to a yet wid] doctr9e ( spiritual be+s animat+ & controll+ ! univ]se 9 all its p>ts1 becomes a !ory ( p]sonal causes develop$ into a g5]al philosophy ( man & nature4 ,z su*1 x may be reasonably acc\nt$ = z ! direct product ( natural religion1 us+ ?is t]m accord+ to ! s5se ( its def9ition by ,bi%op ,wilk9s3 #8,i call t ,natural ,religion1 :i* m5 might "k1 & %\ld be oblig$ unto1 by ! me] pr9ciples ( ,reason1 improv$ by ,consid]ation & ,exp]i5ce1 )\t ! help ( ,revelation4'#hdc ,x w sc>cely be argu$ by !ologians famili> ) ! religions ( savage tribes1 t !y are direct or ne>ly direct products ( revelation1 = ! !ology ( our "t w\ld aboli% or modify _! details till sc>ce "o 0 left intact4 ,! ma9 issue ( ! problem is ?is1 :e!r savage animism is a prim>y =mation belong+ to ! l[] culture1 or :e!r x consi/s1 mo/ly or entirely1 ( beliefs orig9at+ 9 "s high] culture1 & convey$ by adoption or degradation into ! l[]4 ,! evid5ce = ! fir/ alt]native1 ?\gh n am\nt+ to complete demon/ration1 seems reasonably /rong1 & n met by contr>y evid5ce approa*+ x 9 =ce4 ,! animism ( ! l[] tribes1 self-conta9$ & self-support+1 ma9ta9$ 9 close contact ) t direct evid5ce ( ! s5ses on :i* x appe>s to be orig9ally bas$1 is a sy/em :i* might q reasonably exi/ among mank9d1 _h !y nev] any:]e ris5 above ! savage condition4 ,n[ x does n seem t ! animism ( ! high] nations /&s 9 a connexion s direct & complete ) _! m5tal /ate4 ,x is by no means s closely limit$ to doctr9es evid5c$ by simple contemplation ( nature4 ,! doctr9es ( ! l[] animism appe> 9 ! high] (t5 m & m modifi$1 to br+ !m into accordance ) an advanc+ intellectual condition1 to adapt !m at once to ! limits ( /rict] sci5ce & ! ne$s ( high] fai?2 & 9 ! high] animism ^! doctr9es are reta9$ side by side ) o!r & special beliefs1 ( :i* ! religions ( ! l[] _w %[ sc>ce a g]m4 ,9 trac+ ! c\rse ( animi/ic ?\ght f /age to /age ( hi/ory1 in/ruction is to be ga9$ alike f ! imm5sity ( *ange & f ! int5sity ( p]man5ce4 ,savage animism1 bo? by :at x has & by :at x wants1 seems to repres5t ! e>li] sy/em 9 :i* began ! age-long c\rse ( ! education ( ! _w4 ,especially is x to be notic$ t v>i\s beliefs & practices1 :i* 9 ! l[] animism /& firm ^u _! gr\nds z if !y grew !re1 9 ! high] animism belong r to peasants ?an philosoph]s1 exi/ r z ance/ral relics ?an z products belong+ to _! age1 are fall+ f full life into survival4 ,?us x is t savage religion c frequ5tly expla9 doctr9es & rites ( civiliz$ religion4 ,! conv]se is f> less (t5 ! case4 ,n[ ?is is a /ate ( ?+s :i* appe>s to c>ry a hi/orical z well z a practical mean+4 ,! degradation-!ory w\ld expect savages to hold beliefs & cu/oms intelligible z brok5-d[n relics ( =m] high] civilization4 ,! developm5t-!ory w\ld expect civiliz$ m5 to keep up beliefs & cu/oms :i* h _! reasonable mean+ 9 less cultur$ /ates ( society4 ,s f> z ! /udy ( survival enables u to judge betwe5 ! two !ories1 x is se5 t :at is intelligible religion 9 ! l[] culture is (t5 mean+less sup]/ition 9 ! high]1 & ?us ! developm5t-!ory has ! upp] h&4 ,moreov]1 ?is evid5ce fits ) ! tea*+ ( prehi/oric ar*ology4 ,savage life1 c>ry+ on into our own day ! life ( ! ,/one ,age1 may be legitimately claim$ z repres5t+ remotely anci5t conditions ( mank9d1 intellectual & moral z well z mat]ial4 ,if s1 a l[ b progressive /ate ( animi/ic religion occupies a l gr\nd 9 savage & 9 primitive culture4 ,la/ly1 a few words ( explanation may be (f]$ z to ! topics :i* ?is survey has includ$ & exclud$4 ,to ^? :o h be5 accu/om$ to f9d !ological subjects dealt ) on a dogmatic1 emotional1 & e?ical1 r ?an an e?nographic s*eme1 ! pres5t inve/igation may seem mislead+1 because "o-sid$4 ,?is "o-sid$ treatm5t1 h[ev]1 has be5 adopt$ ) full consid]ation4 ,?us1 ?\gh ! doctr9es "h exam9$ be> n only on ! developm5t b ! actual tru? ( religi\s sy/ems1 ,i h felt nei!r able nor will+ to ent] into ?is great argum5t fully & satisfactorily1 :ile exp]i5ce has %[n t to dispose ( su* que/ions by an occasional dictatorial phrase is "o ( ! mo/ s]i\s ( errors4 ,! sci5tific value ( descriptions ( savage & b>b>\s religions1 drawn up by travell]s & especially by mission>ies1 is (t5 l[]$ by _! controv]sial tone1 & by ! affectation ( infallibility ) :i* _! relation to ! absolutely true is settl$4 ,!re is some?+ pa!tic 9 ! simplicity ) :i* a n>r[ /ud5t w judge ! doctr9es ( a =eign religion by _! antagonism or con=mity to 8 own or?odoxy1 on po9ts :]e utt] diff]5ce ( op9ion exi/s among ! mo/ le>n$ & enlight5$ s*ol>s4 ,! sy/ematization ( ! l[] religions1 ! r$uction ( _! multif>i\s details to ! few & simple ideas ( primitive philosophy :i* =m ! common gr\ndwork ( !m all1 appe>$ to me an urg5tly ne$$ contribution to ! sci5ce ( religion4 ,?is "w ,i h c>ri$ out to ! utmo/ ( my p[]1 & ,i c n[ only leave ! result 9 ! h&s ( o!r /ud5ts1 ^: prov9ce x is to deal ) su* evid5ce 9 wid] s*emes ( argum5t4 ,aga91 ! intellectual r ?an ! emotional side ( religion has "h be5 kept 9 view4 ,ev5 9 ! life ( ! rude/ savage1 religi\s belief is associat$ ) int5se emotion1 ) awful rev]5ce1 ) agoniz+ t]ror1 ) rapt ec/asy :5 s5se & ?\ght utt]ly transc5d ! common level ( daily life4 ,h[ mu* ! m 9 fai?s :]e n only does ! believ] exp]i5ce su* en?usiasm1 b :]e 8 utmo/ feel+s ( love & hope1 ( ju/ice & m]cy1 ( =titude & t5d]ness & self-sacrific+ devotion1 ( unutt]able mis]y & dazzl+ happ9ess1 tw9e & clasp r\nd ! fabric ( religion4 ,language1 dropp+ at times f su* words z s\l & _s _! m]e philosophic mean+1 c use !m 9 full con=mity ) ?is t5d5cy ( ! religi\s m9d1 z phrases to convey a my/ic s5se ( transc5d5t emotion4 ,yet ( all ?is religion1 ! religion ( vision & ( passion1 little inde$ has be5 said 9 ^! pages1 & ev5 t little r 9 incid5tal t\*es ?an ) purpose4 ,^? to :om religion means above all ?+s religi\s feel+1 may say ( my argum5t t ,i h writt5 s\llessly ( ! s\l1 & unspiritually ( spiritual ?+s4 ,be x s3 ,i accept ! phrase n z ne$+ an apology1 b z express+ a plan4 ,sci5tific progress is at times mo/ fur!r$ by work+ along a di/9ct intellectual l9e1 )\t be+ tempt$ to div]ge f ! ma9 object to :at lies beyond1 9 h[ev] intimate connexion4 ,! anatomi/ does well to discuss bodily /ructure indep5d5tly ( ! _w ( happ9ess & mis]y :i* dep5ds ^u x4 ,x w\ld be ?\ght a m]e imp]t95ce = a /rategi/ to preface a diss]tation on ! sci5ce ( w>1 by an enquiry h[ f> x is lawful = a ,*ri/ian man to be> weapons & s]ve 9 ! w>s4 ,my task has be5 "h n to discuss ,religion 9 all its be>+s1 b to portray 9 outl9e ! great doctr9e ( ,animism1 z f\nd 9 :at ,i conceive to be its e>lie/ /ages among ! l[] races ( mank9d1 & to %[ its transmission along ! l9es ( religi\s ?\ght4 ,! almo/ entire exclusion ( e?ical que/ions f ?is inve/igation has m ?an a m]e reason ( arrangem5t4 ,x is due to ! v nature ( ! subject4 ,to "s ! /atem5t may seem />tl+1 yet ! evid5ce seems to ju/ify x1 t ! relation ( morality to religion is "o t only belongs 9 its rudim5ts1 or n at all1 to rudim5t>y civilization4 ,! comp>ison ( savage & civiliz$ religions br+ into view1 by ! side ( a deep-ly+ resemblance 9 _! philosophy1 a deep-ly+ contra/ 9 _! practical action on human life4 ,s f> z savage religion c /& z repres5t+ natural religion1 ! popul> idea t ! moral gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se is an ess5tial t5et ( natural religion simply falls to ! gr\nd4 ,savage animism is almo/ devoid ( t e?ical elem5t :i* to ! educat$ mod]n m9d is ! v ma9spr+ ( practical religion4 ,n1 z ,i h said1 t morality is abs5t f ! life ( ! l[] races4 ,)\t a code ( morals1 ! v exi/5ce ( ! rude/ tribe w\ld be impossible2 & inde$ ! moral /&>ds ( ev5 savage races are to no small ext5t well-def9$ & praisewor?y4 ,b ^! e?ical laws /& on _! own gr\nd ( tradition & public op9ion1 comp>atively indep5d5t ( ! animi/ic belief & rites :i* exi/ beside !m4 ,! l[] animism is n immoral1 x is unmoral4 ,= ?is pla9 reason1 x has seem$ desirable to keep ! discussion ( animism1 z f> z might be1 sep>ate f t ( e?ics4 ,! g5]al problem ( ! relation ( morality to religion is difficult1 intricate1 & requir+ imm5se array ( evid5ce1 & may be p]haps m pr(itably discuss$ 9 connexion ) ! e?nography ( morals4 ,to ju/ify _! pres5t sep>ation1 x w be en\gh to ref] 9 g5]al t]ms to ! acc\nts ( savage tribes ^: ideas h be5 little affect$ by civiliz$ int]c\rse2 prop] caution be+ us$ n to tru/ vague /atem5ts ab\t good & evil1 b to asc]ta9 :e!r ^! are :at philosophic morali/s w\ld call virtue & vice1 righte\sness & wick$ness1 or :e!r !y are m]e p]sonal advantage & disadvantage4 ,! ess5tial connexion ( !ology & morality is a fix$ idea 9 _m m9ds4 ,b x is "o ( ! lessons ( hi/ory t subjects may ma9ta9 !mselves indep5d5tly = ages1 till ! ev5t ( coalesc5ce takes place4 ,9 ! c\rse ( hi/ory1 religion has 9 v>i\s ways atta*$ to itself matt]s small & great outside its c5tral s*eme1 su* z prohibition ( special meats1 obs]vance ( special days1 regulation ( m>riage z to k9%ip1 division ( society into ca/es1 ord9ance ( social law & civil gov]nm5t4 ,look+ at religion f a political po9t ( view1 z a practical influ5ce on human society1 x is cle> t among its greate/ p[]s h be5 its div9e sanction ( e?ical laws1 its !ological en=cem5t ( morality1 its tea*+ ( moral gov]nm5t ( ! univ]se1 its supplant+ ! #8cont9uance-doctr9e' ( a future life by ! #8retribution-doctr9e' supply+ moral motive 9 ! pres5t4 ,b su* alliance belongs almo/ or :olly to religions above ! savage level1 n to ! e>li] & l[] cre$s4 ,x w aid u to see h[ mu* m ! fruit ( religion belongs to e?ical influ5ce ?an to philosophical dogma1 if we consid] h[ ! introduction ( ! moral elem5t sep>ates ! religions ( ! _w1 unit$ z !y are ?r\gh\t by "o animi/ic pr9ciple1 into two great classes1 ^? l[] sy/ems ^: be/ result is to supply a crude *ildlike natural philosophy1 & ^? high] fai?s :i* implant on ?is ! law ( righte\sness & ( hol9ess1 ! inspiration ( duty & ( love4 ,footnote #gdc3 ,h]r]a1 #8,indias ,occid5tales1' ,dec4 i4 #c1 #c2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #age1 #bba4 ,footnote #gdd3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #agd4 ,footnote #gde3 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 #8,p]u1' p4 #afj4 ,footnote #gdf3 ,k+sbor\gh1 #8,mexico1' vol4 v4 p4 #agi4 ,footnote #gdg3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #hi4 ,footnote #gdh3 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 i4 p4 #cga4 ,footnote #gdi3 ,ovid4 ,fa/4 ii4 #ddi4 ,footnote #gej3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #bfd4 ,footnote #gea3 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #aeh4 ,footnote #geb3 ,de ,laet1 #8,novus ,orbis1' xv4 #b2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #dag2 ,br9son1 pp4 #aeb1 #ahe2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bga1 c4 ,footnote #gec3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 ii4 p4 #cai4 ,footnote #ged3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #af1 #fh1 #ge4 ,footnote #gee3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #ccc4 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #aae4 ,footnote #gef3 ,cross1 9 #8,j\rn4 ,am]4 ,ori5tal ,soc4' vol4 iv4 p4 #caf2 ,mason1 p4 #bae4 ,footnote #geg3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' pp4 #ia1 #cee4 ,footnote #geh3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #hi4 ,footnote #gei3 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 ii4 p4 #dfg4 ,cox1 #8,my?ology ( ,aryan ,nations1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cjh4 ,footnote #gfj3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #ada1 #bga1 #bgd1 #eia1 c4 ,footnote #gfa3 ,dobrizh(f]1 #8,abipones1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ij4 ,footnote #gfb3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #ag1 #ha4 ,footnote #gfc3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cbf2 vol4 iv4 p4 #aeh4 ,see also ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #aab2 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bah4 ,footnote #gfd3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' pp4 #ij1 #cfj4 ,footnote #gfe3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #bfg4 ,footnote #gff3 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 i4 p4 #dac4 ,cox1 #8,my?4 ( ,aryan ,n41' vol4 ii4 pp4 #bed1 #caa4 ,footnote #gfg3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #acg1 c41 #bgb1 #bhf1 c41 #ejj1 c4 ,see ,sproat1 p4 #bac 7,ahts71 cit$ ante1 p4 #he4 ,*ay-h] signifies n only ! _w bel[1 b ,dea? p]sonifi$ z a boneless greybe>d :o w&]s at night /eal+ m5's s\ls away4 ,footnote #gfh3 ,l]y1 #8,bresil1' p4 #bcd4 ,footnote #gfi3 ,clavig]o1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ad1 #ag2 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #die4 ,footnote #ggj3 #8,rites & ,laws ( ,yncas1' tr4 & ed4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 pp4 #cb1 #dh 7pray] f ,,ms4 communication by ,c4 ,r4 ,m472 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 lib4 ii4 c4 #b1 #g2 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #bea4 ,footnote #gga3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bcg2 ,f>m]1 #8,tonga1' p4 #abf4 ,yate1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #adj2 ,j4 ,williams1 #8,mission>y ,ent]prise1' p4 #ade4 ,see ,s*irr51 #8,w&]sag5 d] ,neuseelnd]1' p4 #hi2 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bdf4 ,footnote #ggb3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' pp4 #abh1 #adg1 #aee2 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aga 7,africa74 ,footnote #ggc3 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]l4' vol4 i4 p4 #cie2 ,ros*]1 s4v4 #8,hades4' ,grimm1 #8,deuts*4 ,my?4' p4 #bhh4 ,footnote #ggd3 ,brugs*1 #8,religion d] alt5 ,aegypt]'2 #8,book ( ,dead4' ,footnote #gge3 ,pr4 ,max4 v4 ,wi$1 #8,n4 ,am]ika1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aeg4 ,footnote #ggf3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' pp4 #acc1 c41 #bbh1 #bee4 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 i4 pp4 #aei1 #agg2 ,pr4 ,max v4 ,wi$1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #adi1 c4 ,comp>e ,sproat1 #8,savage ,life1' p4 #agi 7,quawteaht ! ,great ,_s is also ,fir/ ,man74 ,footnote #ggg3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 ii4 p4 #cai4 ,footnote #ggh3 ,s*irr51 #8,w&]sag5 d] ,neuseelnd]1' p4 #fd1 c41 #hh1 c4 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #aaa1 vol4 iv4 pp4 #ade1 #cff4 ,footnote #ggi3 ,/ell]1 #8,kamts*atka1' p4 #bga4 ,footnote #ghj3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' pp4 #a-ajd4 ,footnote #gha3 #8,rig-,v$a1' x4 #8,a?>va-,v$a1' xviii4 ,max ,mll]1 #8,lectures1' #bnd ,s]4 p4 #ead4 ,muir1 #8,yama1' c41 9 #8,j\rn4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,n4 ,s4' vol4 i4 #ahfe4 ,ro? 9 #8,zts*r4 ,deuts*4 ,morg5l4 ,g4' vol4 iv4 p4 #dbf4 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #fj4 ,ave/a3 #8,v5didad1' ii4 ,pictet1 #8,orig9es ,indo-,europ4' "p ii4 p4 #fba4 ,footnote #ghb3 ,eis5m5g]1 "p i4 p4 #cfe4 ,footnote #ghc3 ,koran1 ii4 #bh1 vii4 #aj1 c4 ,footnote #ghd3 ,ne&]1 #8,hi/4 ( ,*r4' vol4 ii4 pp4 #ha1 #aji1 #agd4 ,footnote #ghe3 ,oldfield 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #bbh4 ,see also ,eyre1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cef2 ,lang1 #8,que5sl&1' p4 #ddd4 ,footnote #ghf3 ,loskiel1 #8,ges*4 d] ,mission unt] d5 ,ind4 9 ,nord-,am]4' "p i4 *4 #c4 ,footnote #ghg3 ,callaway1 #8,rel4 ( ,amazulu1' p4 #cdh4 ,footnote #ghh3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #daf4 ,see ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bjg4 ,footnote #ghi3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p v4 p4 #fcb2 see "p i4 p4 #caf1 "p vi4 p4 #aff2 #8,iroquois1' p4 #cf1 see #bcg2 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #fc4 ,footnote #gij3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,jsuites dans la ,n\velle ,france1' #afce1 p4 #cd1 #afcf1 p4 #ajj4 ,sag>d1 #8,hi/oire du ,canada1' ,p>is1 #afcf1 p4 #dij4 ,l4 ,h4 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #aef4 ,see ante1 vol4 i4 pp4 #bhh1 #cdi4 ,footnote #gia3 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 iii4 pp4 #ahb1 #ccj1 #cce1 #cde2 ,le ,jeune 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcg1 p4 #di2 ,la ,po!rie1 #8,hi/4 de l',amr4 ,sept5trionale1' ,p>is1 #agbb1 vol4 i4 p4 #aba2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #adi1 c4 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #ce1 c41 #cbj1 #dab2 ,catl91 vol4 i4 p4 #aef2 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfc4 ,footnote #gib3 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 pp4 #cbg1 #dhe1 #ehc1 #fde1 see #bdg1 #cic1 #dbg1 #fif4 ,see also ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrelig4' pp4 #bei1 c41 #djc1 #dbc2 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 i4 p4 #dje1 vol4 ii4 p4 #beg2 ,falkn]1 #8,patagonia1' p4 #aad2 ,mu/]s1 #8,patagonians1' p4 #agi2 ,fitzroy1 #8,voy4 ( ,adv5ture & ,beagle1' vol4 i4 pp4 #ahj1 #aij4 ,footnote #gic3 ,pi$rahita1 #8,hi/4 de ,neuv4 ,granada1' "p i4 book i4 *4 #c4 ,footnote #gid3 ,mol9a1 #8,hi/4 ( ,*ili1' vol4 ii4 p4 #hd2 ,febres1 #8,diccion>io ,*ileo1' s4v4 ,footnote #gie3 ,proy>t1 #8,loango1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #ejd4 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aji4 ,see ,kolbe1 #8,kaap de ,go$e ,hoop1' "p i4 xxix43 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #cdb 7,hott5tots74 ,footnote #gif3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #bag1 #chg4 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #agc4 ,footnote #gig3 ,bir*1 9 ,buns51 vol4 v4 p4 #acf4 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg4' c4 ,footnote #gih3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #hd4 ,footnote #gii3 ,ave/a1 tr4 by ,spiegel4 ,v5didad1 i42 #8,khorda-,ave/a4' xlv4 xlvi4 ,max ,mll]1 #8,lectures1' #a/ ,s]4 p4 #bjh4 ,footnote #hjj3 ,lay>d1 #8,n9eveh1' vol4 i4 p4 #big2 ,a9swor?1 #8,iz$is1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 p4 #aa4 ,footnote #hja3 ,beausobre1 #8,hi/4 de ,mani*e1' c4 ,ne&]1 #8,hi/4 ( ,*ri/ian ,religion1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aeg1 c4 ,footnote #hjb3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #aee4 ,footnote #hjc3 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 vi4 p4 #he4 ,footnote #hjd3 #8tudes ,philologiques sur quelques ,langues ,sauvages de l',amrique1' p> ,n4 ,o4 7,j4 ,a4 ,cuoq47 ,montreal1 #ahff1 p4 #ad4 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #ec4 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #cc4 ,footnote #hje3 ,de la ,borde1 #8,c>aibes1' p4 #ebd4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrel4' p4 #bbh4 ,footnote #hjf3 ,dobrizh(f]1 #8,abipones1' vol4 ii4 p4 #hi4 ,footnote #hjg3 ,hut*9son1 #8,*aco ,ind4' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #cbg4 ,footnote #hjh3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 ii4 p4 #cai4 ,footnote #hji3 ,mol9a1 #8,hi/4 ( ,*ili1' vol4 ii4 p4 #hd1 c4 ,comp>e ,febres1 #8,diccion>io ,*ileo4' ,footnote #haj3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dae4 ,mu/]s1 #8,patagonians1' p4 #agi4 ,footnote #haa3 #8,n>ratives ( ! ,rites & ,laws ( ! ,yncas1' trans4 f ! orig9al ,spani% ,,mss41 & ed4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 ,hakluyt ,soc4 #ahgc1 p4 ix4 #e1 #af1 #cj1 #gf1 #hd1 #aed1 c4 ,! above rem>ks are bas$ on ! e>ly evid5ce "h pr9t$ = ! fir/ "t1 & on private sugge/ions = :i* ,i am also indebt$ to ,mr4 ,m>kham4 ,! title ,pa*acamac has be5 also consid]$ to mean ,animator or ,s\l ( ! ,_w1 camani ,i create1 camac creator1 cama s\l 7note to #bnd ed474 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 lib4 i41 ii4 c4 #b1 iii4 c4 #bj2 ,h]r]a1 dec4 v4 #d2 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #agg1 see #adb2 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 #8,p]uvian ,antiquities1' *4 vii42 ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #ddg2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #cag1 c4 ,footnote #hab3 ,sag>d1 #8,hi/4 du ,canada1' p4 #dij4 ,h5nep91 #8,voy4 dans l',amrique1' p4 #cjb4 ,gregg1 #8,comm]ce ( ,prairies1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bcg4 ,footnote #hac3 ,le ,jeune1 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcg1 p4 #di2 ,br9ton1 p4 #eb2 ,lafitau1 #8,murs des ,sauvages ,amriqua9s1' vol4 i4 pp4 #abf1 #ade 7note to #crd ed474 ,footnote #had3 ,eg$e1 #8,descr4 ( ,gre5l&1' *4 xviii42 ,cranz1 #8,grnl&1' p4 #bfc2 ,r9k1 #8,eskimoiske ,ev5tyr1' c41 p4 #bh4 ,footnote #hae3 ,le ,jeune1 #afcc1 p4 #af2 #afcd1 p4 #ac4 ,footnote #haf3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #ae4 ,footnote #hag3 ,c>ti]1 #8,relation2' ,hakluyt1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bab2 ,lesc>bot1 #8,n\velle ,france1' p4 #fac4 ,!vet1 #8,s+ul>itez de la ,france ,ant>ctique1' ,p>is1 #aeeh1 *4 #gg4 ,see also ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #ajb4 ,&\agni is p]haps a miscopi$ =m ( ,cud\agni4 ,o!r =ms1 ,cudruagni1 c41 occur4 ,footnote #hah3 ,smi?1 #8,hi/4 ( ,virg9ia1' ,london1 #afcb1 9 ,p9k]ton1 #8,voyages1' vol4 xiii4 pp4 #ac1 #ah1 #bdd 7,new ,eng472 see ,arb]'s edition4 ,priority has be5 claim$ = ,e4 ,/ra*ey 7see ,lang1 #8,mak+ ( ,religion1' p4 #bed71 b ?is copyi/ seems only to h copi$ ,capt4 ,smi?'s #8,map ( ,virg9ia' 7#afjh74 ,br9ton1 p4 #eh2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #agg1 c4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #ii1 c42 ,loskiel1 "p i4 pp4 #cc1 #dc4 ,footnote #hai3 ,brebeuf 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcf1 p4 #ajg2 see above1 p4 #bee4 ,sag>d1 p4 #did2 ,cuoq1 p4 #agf2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #ajc4 ,= o!r m5tion ( a ,supreme ,deity among ,nor? ,am]ican tribes see ,j\tel1 #8,j\rnal du ,voyage1' c41 ,p>is1 #agac1 p4 #bbd 7,l\isiana72 ,sproat 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 v4 p4 #bec 7,vanc\v]'s ,i474 ,footnote #hbj3 ,lafitau1 #8,murs des ,sauvages ,amriqua9s1' #agbd1 vol4 i4 pp4 #abd-f4 ,footnote #hba3 ,b>tram 9 #8,tr4 ,am]4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 pp4 #bj1 #bf4 ,footnote #hbb3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,ind4 ,tribes1' "p ii4 p4 #abg4 ,footnote #hbc3 ,prescott1 #8,mexico1' book i4 *4 vi4 ,sahagun1 #8,hi/4 de ,nueva ,espaa1' lib4 vi4 9 ,k+sbor\gh1 vol4 v42 ,torquemada1 #8,mon>q4 ,ind4' lib4 x4 c4 #ad4 ,waitz1 vol4 iv4 p4 #acf2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #fba1 c4 ,footnote #hbd3 ,mo]5h\t1 #8,voy4 aux ,iles du ,gr& ,ocan1' vol4 i4 pp4 #dai1 #dcg4 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cba1 c4 ,j4 ,r4 ,=/]1 #8,voyage r\nd ! ,_w1' pp4 #edj1 #efg4 ,grey1 #8,polyn4 ,my?4' p4 #f4 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #aah2 see above1 vol4 i4 p4 #cbb4 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bdd4 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 pp4 #aaf1 #aba4 ,s*irr51 #8,w&]sag5 d] ,neuseelnd]1' pp4 #fh1 #hi4 ,footnote #hbe3 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bag4 ,footnote #hbf3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' "p i4 ,see ante1 pp4 #aaf1 #cac4 ,footnote #hbg3 ,see especially ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afg1 c42 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #bji1 #chg2 ,bosman1 ,mungo ,p>k1 c4 ,comp4 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 p4 #cij4 ,footnote #hbh3 ,/e9haus]1 #8,religion des ,neg]s1' 9 #8,mag4 d] ,miss4' ,basel1 #ahef4 ,no4 #b1 p4 #abh4 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' pp4 #ib1 #bji2 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #db4 ,see also ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #aga1 #dai4 ,footnote #hbi3 ,magy>1 #8,reis5 9 ,sd-,afrika1' pp4 #abe1 #cce4 ,footnote #hcj3 ,b[51 #8,gr4 & ,dic4 ( ,yoruba1' p4 xvi4 9 #8,smi?sonian ,contr4' vol4 i4 ,footnote #hca3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #hd1 c4 ,footnote #hcb3 ,dalton1 #8,kols1' 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #cb4 ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal1' p4 #ahd4 ,footnote #hcc3 ,siebold1 #8,nippon4' ,kaempf]1 #8,hi/4 ( ,japan1' #agbg1 book ,i4 *4 ,i1 ,,iv4 ,= accurate mod]n in=mation1 see pap]s ( ,*amb]la9 & ,sat[ 9 #8,tr4 ,z4 ,soc4 ,japan1' & ,murray's ,h&book 7note to #crd ed474 ,footnote #hcd3 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #a1 c4 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 iii4 p4 #aja4 #8,samoi$ia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 i4 p4 #eca4 #8,georgi1 ,reise im ,russ4 ,rei*4' vol4 i4 p4 #bge4 ,footnote #hce3 ,pla?1 #8,rel4 d] ,alt5 ,*9es51' "p i4 p4 #ah1 c4 ,see ,max ,mll]1 #8,lectures on ,sci5ce ( ,religion1' ,no4 ,,iii4 9 #8,fras]'s ,mag4' #ahgj4 ,legge1 #8,confucius1' p4 #ajj4 ,footnote #hcf3 ,see ,colebrooke1 #8,essays1' vol4 ii4 ,wuttke1 #8,heid5?um1' "p i4 p4 #bed4 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 i4 p4 xxi4 vol4 ii4 p4 #a4 ,footnote #hcg3 ,comte1 #8,philosophie ,positive4' ,cf4 ,bp4 ,b]keley's #8,siris'2 & = a mod]n diss]tation on ! univ]sal !r z ! div9e s\l ( ! _w1 see ,phil4 ,spill]1 #8,gott im ,li*te d] ,naturwiss5s*aft51' ,b]l91 #ahgc 7note to #bnd ed474 ,footnote #hch3 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #afd1 #df4 ,max ,mll]1 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 pp4 #bg1 #bda4 ,footnote #hci3 ,see ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]lehre1' pp4 #adc1 #age4 ,footnote #hdj3 ,ave/a2 trans4 by ,spiegel1 #8,ormazd-,ya%t4' #ab4 ,footnote #hda3 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg4' vol4 iv4 *4 xii42 ,buns51 #8,egypt1' vol4 iv4 p4 #cbe4 ,footnote #hdb3 ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 p4 #afi1 c4 ,footnote #hdc3 #8,( ! ,pr9ciples & ,duties ( ,natural ,religion1' ,london1 #afgh1 book i4 *4 vi4 ,johnson's ,diction>y1 s4v4 ,! t]m #8natural religion' is us$ 9 v>i\s & ev5 incompatible s5ses4 ,?us ,butl] 9 8 #8,analogy ( ,religion1 ,natural & ,reveal$1 to ! ,con/itution & ,c\rse ( ,nature1' signifies by #8natural religion' a primval sy/em :i* he expressly argues to h be5 n reason$ out1 b taught fir/ by revelation4 ,?is sy/em1 ( :i* ! ma9 t5ets are ! belief 9 "o ,god1 ! ,creator & ,moral ,gov]nor ( ! ,_w1 & 9 a future /ate ( moral retribution1 diff]s 9 ! extreme f ! actual religions ( ! l[] races4 ,,*apt] ,,xviii4 ,,rites ,,& ,,c]emonies4 ,religi\s ,rites3 _! purpose practical or symbolic--,pray]3 its cont9uity f l[ to high levels ( ,culture2 its l[] phases ,une?ical2 its high] phases ,e?ical--,sacrifice3 its orig9al ,gift-!ory passes into ! ,homage-!ory & ! ,abnegation-!ory--,mann] ( reception ( ,sacrifice by ,deity--,mat]ial ,transf] to elem5ts1 feti%-animals1 prie/s2 consumption ( sub/ance by deity or idol2 (f]+ ( blood2 transmission by fire2 inc5se--,ess5tial ,transf]3 consumption ( ess5ce1 sav\r1 c4--,spiritual ,transf]3 consumption or transmission ( s\l ( (f]+--,motive ( ,sacrific]--,transition f ,gift-!ory to ,homage-!ory3 insignificant & =mal (f]+s2 sacrificial banquets--,abnegation-!ory2 sacrifice ( *ildr51 c4--,sacrifice ( ,sub/itutes3 "p giv5 = :ole2 inf]ior life = sup]ior2 effigies--,mod]n survival ( ,sacrifice 9 folklore & religion--,fa/+1 z a means ( produc+ ec/atic vision2 its c\rse f l[] to high] ,culture--,drugs us$ to produce ec/asy--,swoons & fits induc$ = religi\s purposes--,ori5tation3 its relation to ,sun-my? & ,sun-wor%ip2 rules ( ,ea/ & ,we/ z to burial ( dead1 position ( wor%ip1 & /ructure ( temple--,lu/ration by ,wat] & ,fire3 its transition f mat]ial to symbolic purification2 its connexion ) special ev5ts ( life2 its appe>ance among ! l[] races--,lu/ration ( new-born *ildr52 ( wom52 ( ^? pollut$ by blood%$ or ! dead--,lu/ration cont9u$ at high] levels ( ,culture--,conclusion4 ,religi\s rites fall !oretically into two divisions1 ?\gh ^! bl5d 9 practice4 ,9 "p1 !y are expressive & symbolic p]=mances1 ! dramatic utt]ance ( religi\s ?\ght1 ! ge/ure-language ( !ology4 ,9 "p1 !y are means ( int]c\rse ) & influ5ce on spiritual be+s1 & z su*1 _! int5tion is z directly practical z any *emical or me*anical process1 = doctr9e & wor%ip correlate z !ory & practice4 ,9 ! sci5ce ( religion1 ! /udy ( c]emony has its /rong & weak sides4 ,on ! "o h&1 x is g5]ally easi] to obta9 accurate acc\nts ( c]emonies by eye-witnesses1 ?an any?+ l tru/wor?y & intelligible /atem5ts ( doctr9e2 s t v mu* ( our k ( religion 9 ! savage & b>b>ic _w consi/s 9 acqua9tance ) its c]emonies4 ,x is also true t "s religi\s c]emonies are m>vels ( p]man5ce1 hold+ sub/antially ! same =m & mean+ ?r\gh age aft] age1 & f> beyond ! range ( hi/oric record4 ,on ! o!r h&1 ! signification ( c]emonies is n to be ra%ly decid$ on by m]e inspection4 ,9 ! long & v>i$ c\rse 9 :i* religion has adapt$ itself to new intellectual & moral conditions1 "o ( ! mo/ m>k$ processes has affect$ "t-hon\r$ religi\s cu/oms1 ^: =m has be5 fai?fully & ev5 s]vilely kept up1 :ile _! nature has (t5 und]gone trans=mation4 ,9 ! religions ( ! great nations1 ! natural difficulty ( foll[+ ^! *anges has be5 add$ to by ! sac]dotal t5d5cy to ignore & oblit]ate traces ( ! inevitable *ange ( religion f age to age1 & to conv]t into my/]ies anci5t rites ^: real b>b>ic mean+ is too f> out ( h>mony ) ! _s ( a lat] "t4 ,! emb>rassm5ts1 h[ev]1 :i* beset ! enquir] into ! c]emonies ( a s+le religion1 dim9i% 9 a l>g] comp>ative /udy4 ,! e?nograph] :o br+s toge!r examples ( a c]emony f diff]5t /ages ( culture c (t5 give a m rational acc\nt ( x1 ?an ! prie/1 to :om a special signification1 sometimes v unlike ! orig9al "o1 has become matt] ( or?odoxy4 ,z a contribution to ! !ory ( religion1 ) especial view to its l[] phases z explanatory ( ! high]1 ,i h "h select$ = e?nographic discussion a gr\p ( sacr$ rites1 ea* 9 its way full ( in/ruction1 diff]5t z ^! ways are4 ,all h e>ly place & rudim5t>y mean+ 9 savage culture1 all belong to b>b>ic ages1 all h _! repres5tatives )9 ! limits ( mod]n ,*ri/5dom4 ,!y are ! rites ( ,pray]1 ,sacrifice1 ,fa/+ & o!r me?ods ( ,artificial ,ec/asy1 ,ori5tation1 ,lu/ration4 ,pray]1 #8! s\l's s9c]e desire1 utt]$ or unexpress$1' is ! address ( p]sonal _s to p]sonal _s4 ,s f> z x is actually address$ to disembodi$ or deifi$ human s\ls1 x is simply an ext5sion ( ! daily int]c\rse betwe5 man & man2 :ile ! wor%ipp] :o looks up to o!r div9e be+s1 spiritual aft] ! nature ( 8 own _s1 ?\gh ( place & p[] 9 ! univ]se f> beyond 8 own1 /ill has 8 m9d 9 a /ate :]e pray] is a reasonable & practical act4 ,s simple & famili> inde$ is ! nature ( pray]1 t its /udy does n dem& t detail ( fact & argum5t :i* mu/ be giv5 to rites 9 comp>ison practically insignificant4 ,x has n inde$ be5 plac$ ev]y:]e on record z ! necess>y outcome ( animi/ic belief1 = especially at l[ levels ( civilization !re are _m races :o di/9ctly admit ! exi/5ce ( spirits1 b are n positively kn[n to pray to !m4 ,beyond ?is l[] level1 h[ev]1 animism & c]emonial pray] become ne>ly cont]m9\s2 & a view ( _! relation 9 _! e>li] /ages may be be/ ga9$ f a selection ( actual pray]s tak5 d[n ^w = ^w1 )9 ! limits ( savage & b>b>ic life4 ,^! agree ) an op9ion t pray] appe>$ 9 ! religion ( ! l[] culture1 b t 9 ?is its e>li] /age x 0 une?ical4 ,! accompli%m5t ( desire is ask$ =1 b desire is z yet limit$ to p]sonal advantage4 ,x is at lat] & high] moral levels1 t ! wor%ipp] beg9s to add to 8 entreaty = prosp]ity ! claim = help t[>d virtue & aga9/ vice1 & pray] becomes an in/rum5t ( morality4 ,9 ! ,papuan ,isl& ( ,tanna1 :]e ! gods are ! spirits ( dep>t$ ance/ors1 & preside ov] ! gr[? ( fruits1 a pray] aft] ! (f]+ ( fir/-fruits is spok5 al\d by ! *ief :o acts z high prie/ to ! sil5t assembly3 #8,compassionate fa!r6 ,"h is "s food = y2 eat x2 be k9d to u on acc\nt ( x6' ,!n all %\t toge!r4#hdd ,9 ! ,samoan ,isl&s1 :5 ! libation ( ava 0 p\r$ out at ! ev5+ meal1 ! head ( ! family pray$ ?us3-- #8,"h is ava = y1 ,o gods6 ,look k9dly t[>ds ?is family3 let x prosp] & increase2 & let u all be kept 9 heal?4 ,let our plantations be productive2 let food gr[2 & may !re be abundance ( food = u1 y\r creatures4 ,"h is ava = y1 our w> gods6 ,let !re be a /rong & num]\s p = y 9 ?is l&4 #8,"h is ava = y1 ,o sail+ gods 7gods :o come 9 ,tongan canoes & =eign vessels74 ,d n come on %ore at ?is place2 b be pleas$ to dep>t along ! ocean to "s o!r l&4'#hde ,among ! ,indians ( ,nor? ,am]ica1 m or less "u ,european influ5ce1 ! ,si\x w say1 #8,spirits ( ! dead1 h m]cy on me6' !n !y w add :at !y want1 if good wea!r !y say s1 if good luck 9 hunt+1 !y say s4#hdf ,among ! ,osages1 pray]s us$ n long s9ce to be (f]$ at daybreak to ,wohkonda1 ! ,ma/] ( ,life4 ,! devotee retir$ a little f ! camp or company1 & ) affect$ or real weep+1 9 l\d unc\? voice ( pla9tive pite\s tone1 h[l$ su* pray]s z ^!3-- #8,wohkonda1 pity me1 ,i am v poor2 give me :at ,i ne$2 give me success aga9/ m9e enemies1 t ,i may av5ge ! dea? ( my fri5ds4 ,may ,i be able to take scalps1 to take horses6 c4' ,su* pray]s might or might n h allusion to "s deceas$ relative or fri5d4#hdg ,h[ an ,algonqu9 ,indian und]takes a dang]\s voyage1 we may judge f ,john ,tann]'s acc\nt ( a fleet ( frail ,indian b>k canoes sett+ out at dawn "o calm morn+ on ,lake ,sup]ior4 ,we _h proce$$1 he writes1 ab\t two hundr$ y>ds into ! lake1 :5 ! canoes all /opp$ toge!r1 & ! *ief1 9 a v l\d voice1 address$ a pray] to ! ,great ,_s1 entreat+ him to give u a good look to cross ! lake4 #8,y1' said he1 #8h made ?is lake1 & y h made u1 y\r *ildr52 y c n[ cause t ! wat] %all rema9 smoo? :ile we pass ov] 9 safety4' ,9 ?is mann] he cont9u$ pray+ = five or t5 m9utes2 he !n ?rew into ! lake a small quantity ( tobacco1 9 :i* ea* ( ! canoes foll[$ 8 example4#hdh ,a ,nootka ,indian1 prep>+ = w>1 pray$ ?us3 #8,great ,quahootze1 let me live1 n be sick1 f9d ! enemy1 n fe> him1 f9d him asleep1 & kill a great _m ( him4'#hdi ,!re is m pa?os 9 ^! l9es f ! w>-song ( a ,delaw>e3-- #8,o ,great ,_s !re above ,h pity on my *ildr5 ,& my wife6 ,prev5t t !y %all m\rn = me6 ,let me succe$ 9 ?is und]tak+1 ,t ,i may slay my enemy ,& br+ home ! tok5s ( victory ,to my de> family & my fri5ds ,t we may rejoice toge!r4444 ,h pity on me & protect my life1 ,& ,i w br+ !e an (f]+4'#hej ,! foll[+ two pray]s are among ^? record$ by ,mol9a1 f ! memory ( ag$ m5 :o describ$ to him ! religion ( ,p]u "u ! ,incas1 9 ^: rites !y _h !mselves borne "p4 ,! fir/ is address$ to ! ,sun1 ! second to ! ,_w-creator3-- #8,o ,sun6 ,?\ :o ha/ said1 let !re be ,cuzcos & ,tampus1 grant t ^! ?y *ildr5 may conqu] all o!r p4 ,we besee* !e t ?y *ildr5 ! ,yncas may be ! conqu]ors always1 = ?is ha/ ?\ creat$ !m4' #8,o conqu]+ ,uiraco*a6 ,ev] pres5t ,uiraco*a6 ,?\ :o art 9 ! ends ( ! e>? )\t equal6 ,?\ :o gave/ life & val\r to m51 say+ 8,let ?is be a man60 & to wom51 say+1 8,let ?is be a woman60 ,?\ :o made/ !m & gave/ !m be+6 ,wat* ov] !m t !y may live 9 heal? & peace4 ,?\ :o art 9 ! high heav5s1 & among ! cl\ds ( ! tempe/1 grant ?is ) long life1 & accept ?is sacrifice1 ,o ,uiraco*a6'#hea ,9 ,africa1 ! ,zulus1 address+ ! spirits ( _! ance/ors1 ?9k x ev5 en\gh to call ^u !m )\t say+ :at !y want1 tak+ x = grant$ t ! spirits "k1 s t ! m]e utt]ance #8,p ( our h\se6' is a pray]4 ,:5 a ,zulu sneezes1 & is ?us = ! mom5t 9 close relation to ! div9e spirits1 x is en\gh = him to m5tion :at he wants 7#8to wi% a wi%1' z our own folklore has x71 & ?us ! words #8,a c[6' #8,*ildr56' are pray]s4 ,full] =ms are su* z ^!3 #8,p ( our h\se6 ,cattle6'--#8,p ( our h\se6 ,good luck & heal?6'--#8,p ( our h\se6 ,*ildr56' ,on occasions ( ance/ral cattle-sacrifice ! pray]s ext5d to actual h>angues1 z :51 aft] ! fea/ is ov]1 ! headman speaks ?us amid dead sil5ce3 #8,yes1 yes1 our p1 :o did su* & su* noble acts1 ,i pray to y--,i pray = prosp]ity aft] hav+ sacrific$ ?is bullock ( y\rs4 ,i say1 ,i _c refuse to give y food1 = ^! cattle :i* are "h y gave me4 ,& if y ask food ( me :i* y h giv5 me1 is x n prop] t ,i %\ld give x to y8 ,i pray = cattle1 t !y may fill ?is p54 ,i pray = corn1 t _m p may come to ?is village ( y\rs1 & make a noise1 & glorify y4 ,i ask also = *ildr51 t ?is village may h a l>ge population1 & t y\r "n may nev] come to an end4' ,s he f9i%es4#heb ,f among ! negro races ne> ! equator1 ! foll[+ pray]s may be cit$1 address$ to t ,supreme ,deity ^: nature is1 z we h se51 m or less t ( ! ,heav5-god4 ,! ,gold ,coa/ negro w\ld raise 8 eyes to ,heav5 & ?us address him3 #8,god1 give me to-day rice & yams1 gold & agries1 give me slaves1 ri*es1 & heal?1 & t ,i may be brisk & swift6' ,! feti%-man w (t5 9 ! morn+ take wat] 9 8 m\? & say1 #8,heav56 grant t ,i may h some?+ to eat to-day2' & :5 giv+ m$ic9e %[n him by ! feti%1 he w hold x up to heav5 fir/1 & say1 #8,ata ,nyongmo6 7,fa!r ,heav567 bless ?is m$ic9e t ,i n[ give4' ,! ,yebu w\ld say1 #8,god 9 heav51 protect me f sickness & dea?4 ,god give me happ9ess & wisdom6'#hec ,:5 ! ,manganja ( ,lake ,nyassa 7 (f]+ to ! ,supreme ,deity a basketful ( meal & a pot ( native be]1 t he might give !m ra91 ! prie/ess dropp$ ! meal h&ful by h&ful on ! gr\nd1 ea* "t call+1 9 a high-pit*$ voice1 #8,he> ?\1 ,o ,god1 & s5d ra96' & ! assembl$ p respond$1 clapp+ _! h&s s(tly & inton+ 7!y always intone _! pray]s7 #8,he> ?\1 ,o ,god6'#hed ,typical =ms ( pray] may be select$ 9 ,asia ne> ! junction-l9e ( savage & b>b>ic culture4 ,among ! ,k>5s ( ,burma1 ! ,h>ve/-goddess has (f]+s made to h] 9 a little h\se 9 ! paddy-field1 9 :i* two /r+s are put = h] to b9d ! spirits ( any p]sons :o may ent] h] field4 ,!n !y entreat h] on ?is wise3 #8,gr&mo!r1 ?\ gu>de/ my field1 ?\ wat*e/ ov] my plantation4 ,look out = m5 ent]+2 look %>p = p com+ 94 ,if !y come1 b9d !m ) ?is /r+1 tie !m ) ?is rope1 d n let !m g6' ,& at ! ?re%+ ( ! rice !y say3 #8,%ake ?yself1 ,gr&mo!r1 %ake ?yself6 ,let ! paddy asc5d till x equals a hill1 equals a m\nta94 ,%ake ?yself1 ,gr&mo!r1 %ake ?yself6'#hee ,! foll[+ are extracts f ! long-drawn pray]s ( ! ,khonds ( ,orissa3 #8,o ,boora ,p5nu6 & ,o ,t>i ,p5nu1 & all o!r gods6 7nam+ !m74 ,y1 ,o ,boora ,p5nu6 creat$ u1 giv+ u ! attribute ( hung]2 !nce corn food 0 necess>y to u1 & !nce 7 necess>y produc+ fields4 ,y gave u e se$1 & ord]$ u to use bullocks1 & to make pl\ghs1 & to pl\gh4 ,_h we n receiv$ ?is art1 we might /ill inde$ h exi/$ ^u ! natural fruits ( ! jungle & ! pla91 b1 9 our de/itution1 we c\ld n h p]=m$ y\r wor%ip4 ,d y1 rememb]+ ?is--! connexion betwixt our weal? & y\r hon\r--grant ! pray]s :i* we n[ (f]4 ,9 ! morn+1 we rise be=e ! light to our lab\r1 c>ry+ ! se$4 ,save u f ! tig]1 & ! snake1 & f /umbl+blocks4 ,let ! se$ appe> e>? to ! eat+ birds1 & /ones to ! eat+ animals ( ! e>?4 ,let ! gra9 spr+ up sudd5ly l a dry /ream t is swell$ 9 a night4 ,let ! e>? yield to our pl\gh%>es z wax melts be=e hot iron4 ,let ! bak$ clods melt l hail/ones4 ,let our pl\ghs spr+ ?r\gh ! furr[s ) a =ce l ! recoil ( a b5t tree4 ,let !re be su* a return f our se$1 t s mu* %all fall & be neglect$ 9 ! fields1 & s mu* on ! roads 9 c>ry+ x home1 t1 :5 we %all g out next ye> to s[1 ! pa?s & ! fields %all look l a "y corn-field4 ,f ! fir/ times we h liv$ by y\r fav\r4 ,let u cont9ue to receive x4 ,rememb] t ! increase ( our produce is ! increase ( y\r wor%ip1 & t its dim9ution mu/ be ! dim9ution ( y\r rites4' ,! foll[+ is ! conclusion ( a pray] to ! ,e>?-goddess3 #8,let our h]ds be s num]\s t !y _c be h\s$2 let *ildr5 s ab\nd t ! c>e ( !m %all ov]come _! p>5ts--z %all be se5 by _! burn$ h&s2 let our heads ev] /rike aga9/ brass pots innum]able hang+ f our ro(s2 let ! rats =m _! ne/s ( %r$s ( sc>let clo? & silk2 let all ! kites 9 ! c\ntry be se5 9 ! trees ( our village1 f bea/s be+ kill$ !re e day4 ,we are ignorant ( :at x is good to ask =4 ,y "k :at is good = u4 ,give x to u6'#hef ,su* are types ( pray] 9 ! l[] levels ( culture1 & 9 no small degree !y rema9 *>act]i/ic ( ! high] nations4 ,if1 9 long-pa/ ages1 ! ,*9ese rais$ !mselves f ! condition ( rude ,sib]ian tribes to _! peculi> culture1 at any rate _! consecutive religion has sc>ce *ang$ ! matt]-(-fact pray]s = ra9 & good h>ve/1 weal? & long life1 address$ to manes & nature-spirits & m]ciful ,heav54#heg ,9 o!r great national religions ( ! _w1 n ! :ole ( pray]1 b a small] or l>g] "p ( x1 holds closely to ! savage def9ition4 ,?is is a ,v$ic pray]3 #8,:at1 ,indra1 has n yet be5 giv5 me by !e1 ,lightn+-hurl]1 all good ?+s br+ u hi!r ) bo? h&s 444 ) mighty ri*es fill me1 ) weal? ( cattle1 = ?\ art great6'#heh ,?is is ,moslem3 #8,o ,allah6 unloose ! captivity ( ! captives1 & annul ! debts ( ! debtors3 & make ?is t[n to be safe & secure1 & bless$ ) weal? & pl5ty1 & all ! t[ns ( ! ,moslems1 ,o ,"l ( all creatures6 & decree safety & heal? to u & to all travell]s1 & pilgrims1 & w>riors1 & w&]]s1 ^u ?y e>?1 & ^u ?y sea1 su* z are ,moslems1 ,o ,"l ( all creatures6'#hei ,?us also1 ?r\gh\t ! rituals ( ,*ri/5dom1 /& an endless array ( supplications unalt]$ 9 pr9ciple f savage times--t ! wea!r may be adju/$ to our local ne$s1 t we may h ! victory ov] all our enemies1 t life & heal? & weal? & happ9ess may be ours4 ,s f>1 !n1 is p]man5ce 9 culture3 b n[ let u glance at ! n less m>k$ l9es ( modification & new =mation4 ,! va/ political effect ( a common fai? 9 develop+ ! idea ( exclusive nationality1 a process sc>cely exp&+ beyond ! g]m among savage tribes1 b rea*+ its full gr[? 9 ! b>b>ic _w1 is apt to h its outw>d manife/ation 9 ho/ility to ^? ( ano!r cre$1 a s5tim5t :i* f9ds v5t 9 *>act]i/ic pray]s4 ,su* are ^! f ! ,rig-,v$a3 #8,take away our calamities4 ,by sacr$ v]ses may we ov]come ^? :o employ no holy hymns6 ,di/+ui% betwe5 ! ,aryas & ^? :o are ,dasyus3 *a/is+ ^? :o obs]ve no sacr$ rites1 subject !m to ! sacrific]4444 ,indra subjects ! impi\s to ! pi\s1 & de/roys ! irreligi\s by ! religi\s4'#hfj ,! foll[+ is f ! clos+ pray] :i* ! boys 9 _m s*ools 9 ,cairo us$ to repeat "s ye>s ago1 & v likely d /ill3 #8,i seek refuge ) ,allah f ,satan ! accurs$4 ,9 ! "n ( ,allah1 ! ,compassionate1 ! ,m]ciful 444 ,o ,"l ( all creatures6 ,o ,allah6 de/roy ! infidels & poly!i/s1 ?9e enemies1 ! enemies ( ! religion6 ,o ,allah6 make _! *ildr5 orphans1 & defile _! abodes1 & cause _! feet to slip1 & give !m & _! families & _! h\seholds & _! wom5 & _! *ildr5 & _! relations by m>riage & _! bro!rs & _! fri5ds & _! possessions & _! race & _! weal? & _! l&s z booty to ! ,moslems6 ,o ,"l ( all creatures6'#hfa ,ano!r p[]ful t5d5cy ( civilization1 t ( regulat+ human affairs by fix$ ord9ance1 has s9ce e>ly ages be5 at "w to arrange wor%ip into me*anical r\t9e4 ,"h1 s to speak1 religion deposits itself 9 %>ply def9$ %ape f a sup]saturat$ solution1 & cry/allizes into =malism4 ,?us pray]s1 f be+ at fir/ utt]ances z free & flexible z reque/s to a liv+ patri>* or *ief1 /iff5$ into traditional =mulas1 ^: repetition requir$ v]bal accuracy1 & ^: nature practically assimilat$ m or less to t ( *>ms4 ,liturgies1 especially 9 ^? ?ree qu>t]s ( ! _w :]e ! anci5t liturgical language has become at once un9telligible & sacr$1 are cr[d$ ) examples ( ?is hi/orical process4 ,its extreme/ developm5t 9 ,europe is connect$ ) ! use ( ! ros>y4 ,?is devotional calculat+-ma*9e is ( ,asiatic inv5tion2 x _h if n its orig9 at lea/ its special developm5t among ! anci5t ,buddhi/s1 & its #ajh balls /ill slide ?r\gh ! mod]n ,buddhi/'s h&s z ( old1 measur+ out ! sacr$ =mulas ^: reit]ation occupies s l>ge a fraction ( a pi\s life4 ,x 0 n till t[>d ! middle ages t ! ros>y pass$ into ,mohamm$an & ,*ri/ian l&s1 & f9d+ !re conceptions ( pray] :i* x 0 suit$ to accompany1 has fl\ri%$ ev] s9ce4 ,h[ f> ! ,buddhi/ devotional =mulas !mselves p>take ( ! nature ( pray]1 is a "q op5+ into in/ructive consid]ations1 :i* ne$ only be sugge/$ "h4 ,by its d]ivation f ,brahmanism & its fusion ) ! beliefs ( rude _s-wor%ipp+ populations1 ,buddhism practically reta9s 9 no small measure a pray]ful temp] & ev5 practice4 ,yet1 accord+ to /rict & special ,buddhi/ philosophy1 :]e p]sonal div9ity has fad$ into metaphysical idea1 ev5 devotional utt]ances ( desire are n pray]s2 z ,kpp5 says1 !re is no #8,?\6' 9 !m4 ,x mu/ be only ) res]vation t we class ! ros>y 9 ,buddhi/ h&s z an in/rum5t ( actual pray]4 ,! same is true ( ! /ill m extreme developm5t ( me*anical religion1 ! pray]-mill ( ! ,tibetan ,buddhi/s4 ,?is 0 p]haps orig9ally a symbolic #8*akra' or :eel ( ! law1 b has become a cyl9d] m\nt$ on an axis1 :i* by ea* rotation is consid]$ to repeat ! s5t5ces writt5 on ! pap]s x is fill$ )1 usually ! #8,om mani padme hm6' ,pray]-mills v>y 9 size1 f ! little wood5 toys held 9 ! h&1 to ! great drums turn$ by w9d or wat]-p[]1 :i* repeat _! s5t5ces by ! million4#hfb ,! ,buddhi/ idea1 t #8m]it' is produc$ by ! recitation ( ^! s5t5ces1 may p]haps lead u to =m an op9ion ( l>ge application 9 ! /udy ( religion & sup]/ition1 namely1 t ! !ory ( pray]s may expla9 ! orig9 ( *>ms4 ,*>m-=mulas are 9 v _m cases actual pray]s1 & z su* are intelligible4 ,:]e !y are m]e v]bal =ms1 produc+ _! effect on nature & man by "s unexpla9$ process1 may n !y or ! types !y 7 modell$ on h be5 orig9ally pray]s1 s9ce dw9dl$ into my/ic s5t5ces8 ,! wor%ipp] _c always ask wisely :at is = 8 good1 !re=e x may be well = him to pray t ! great] p[] ( ! deity may be guid$ by 8 great] wisdom--?is is a ?\ght :i* exp&s & /r5g!ns 9 ! !ology ( ! high] nations4 ,! simple pray] ( ,sokrates1 t ! gods w\ld give su* ?+s z are good1 = !y "k be/ :at are good1#hfc raises a /ra9 ( supplication :i* has e*o$ ?r\gh ,*ri/5dom f its e>lie/ ages4 ,greate/ ( all *anges :i* diff]5ce ! pray]s ( l[] f ^? ( high] nations1 is ! work+ out ( ! g5]al pr9ciple t ! e?ical elem5t1 s scanty & rudim5t>y 9 ! l[] =ms ( religion1 becomes 9 ! high] its mo/ vital po9t2 :ile x sc>cely appe>s z ?\gh any savage pray]1 au!ntically native 9 its orig91 7 ev] direct$ to obta9 moral goodness or to ask p>don = moral s94 ,among ! semi-civiliz$ ,aztecs1 9 ! elaborate ritual :i* f its e>ly record & its orig9al *>act]i/ics may be ?\ght to h a p>tial au!nticity1 we m>k ! appe>ance ( e?ical pray]4 ,su* is ! supplication conc]n+ ! newly-elect rul]3 #8,make him1 ,"l1 z y\r true image1 & p]mit him n to be pr\d & haughty 9 y\r ?rone & c\rt2 b v\*safe1 ,"l1 t he may calmly & c>efully rule & gov]n !m :om he has 9 *>ge1 ! p1 & p]mit n1 ,"l1 t he may injure or vex 8 subjects1 nor )\t reason & ju/ice cause loss to any2 & p]mit n1 ,"l1 t he may spot or soil y\r ?rone or c\rt ) any inju/ice or wrong1 c4'#hfd ,moral pray]1 sometimes appe>+ 9 rudim5t1 sometimes %runk into insignificance1 sometimes ov]laid by =malism1 sometimes ma9ta9$ firm & vigor\s 9 ! inmo/ life1 has its place )\t z well z )9 ! ,jewi%-,*ri/ian s*eme4 ,! anci5t ,aryan pray$3 #8,?r\gh want ( /r5g?1 ?\ /rong & bright god1 h ,i gone wrong2 h m]cy1 almighty1 h m]cy6444 ,:5ev] we m51 ,o ,v>una1 commit an (f5ce be=e ! heav5ly ho/1 :5ev] we break ! law ?r\gh ?\ghtlessness1 h m]cy1 almighty1 h m]cy6'#hfe ,! mod]n ,p>si prays3 #8,( my s9s :i* ,i h committ$ aga9/ ! rul] ,ormazd1 aga9/ m51 & ! diff]5t k9ds ( m54444 ,deceit1 contempt1 idol-wor%ip1 lies1 ,i rep5t (4444 ,all & e k9d ( s9 :i* m5 h committ$ because ( me1 or :i* ,i h committ$ because ( m52 p>don1 ,i rep5t ) confession6'#hff ,z a g5]al rule x w\ld be mislead+ to judge utt]ances ( ?is k9d 9 ! religions ( classic ,greece & ,rome z betok5+ ! int5se habitual pray]fulness :i* p]vades ! records ( ,judaism1 ,mohamm$anism1 ,*ri/ianity4 ,morali/s admit t pray] c be made an in/rum5t ( evil1 t x may give com=t & hope to ! sup]/iti\s robb]1 t x may /r5g!n ! he>t ( ! soldi] to slay 8 foes 9 an unrighte\s w>1 t x may uphold ! tyrant & ! bigot 9 _! p]secution ( fre$om 9 life & ?\ght4 ,philosoph]s dwell on ! subjective op]ation ( pray]1 z act+ n directly on outw>d ev5ts1 b on ! m9d & w ( ! wor%ipp] himself1 :i* x influ5ces & confirms4 ,! "o argum5t t5ds to guide pray]1 ! o!r to suppress x4 ,look+ on pray] 9 its effect on man himself ?r\gh ! c\rse ( hi/ory1 bo? mu/ recognize x z ev5 9 savage religion a means ( /r5g!n+ emotion1 ( su/a9+ c\rage & excit+ hope1 :ile 9 high] fai?s x becomes a great motive p[] ( ! e?ical sy/em1 controll+ & en=c+1 "u an ev]-pres5t s5se ( sup]natural int]c\rse & aid1 ! emotions & en]gies ( moral life4 ,sacrifice has its app>5t orig9 9 ! same e>ly p]iod ( culture & its place 9 ! same animi/ic s*eme z pray]1 ) :i* ?r\gh s long a range ( hi/ory x has be5 c>ri$ on 9 ! close/ connexion4 ,z pray] is a reque/ made to a deity z if he 7 a man1 s sacrifice is a gift made to a deity z if he 7 a man4 ,! human types ( bo? may be /udi$ un*ang$ 9 social life to ?is day4 ,! suppliant :o b[s be=e 8 *ief1 lay+ a gift at 8 feet & mak+ 8 humble petition1 displays ! an?ropomorphic model & orig9 at once ( sacrifice & pray]4 ,b sacrifice1 ?\gh 9 its e>ly /ages z intelligible z pray] is 9 e>ly & late /ages alike1 has pass$ 9 ! c\rse ( religi\s hi/ory into trans=m$ conditions1 n only ( ! rite itself b ( ! int5tion ) :i* ! wor%ipp] p]=ms x4 ,& !ologians1 hav+ p>ticul>ly turn$ _! att5tion to sacrifice z x appe>s 9 ! high] religions1 h be5 apt to gloss ov] ) my/icism c]emonies :i*1 :5 trac$ e?nographically up f _! savage =ms1 seem op5 to simply rational int]pretation4 ,_m details ( (f]+s h already be5 giv5 incid5tally "h1 z a means ( elucidat+ ! nature ( ! deities !y are (f]$ to4 ,moreov]1 a ma9 "p ( ! doctr9e ( sacrifice has be5 anticipat$ 9 exam9+ ! (f]+s to spirits ( ! dead1 & inde$ ! ideal di/9ction betwe5 s\l & deity breaks d[n among ! l[] races1 :5 x appe>s h[ (t5 ! deities receiv+ sacrifice are !mselves div9e human s\ls4 ,9 n[ attempt+ to classify sacrifice 9 its c\rse ?r\gh ! religions ( ! _w1 x seems a satisfactory plan to gr\p ! evid5ce z f> z may be accord+ to ! mann] 9 :i* ! (f]+ is giv5 by ! wor%ipp]1 & receiv$ by ! deity4 ,at ! same "t1 ! examples may be s arrang$ z to br+ into view ! pr9cipal l9es along :i* ! rite has und]gone alt]ation4 ,! rud] conception t ! deity takes & values ! (f]+ = itself1 gives place on ! "o h& to ! idea ( m]e homage express$ by a gift1 & on ! o!r to ! negative view t ! virtue lies 9 ! wor%ipp] depriv+ himself ( some?+ priz$4 ,^! ideas may be broadly di/+ui%$ z ! gift-!ory1 ! homage-!ory1 & ! abnegation-!ory4 ,along all ?ree ! usual rituali/ic *ange may be trac$1 f practical reality to =mal c]emony4 ,! orig9ally valuable (f]+ is compromis$ = a small] tribute or a *eap] sub/itute1 dw9dl+ at la/ to a m]e trifl+ tok5 or symbol4 ,! gift-!ory1 z /&+ on its own indep5d5t basis1 prop]ly takes ! fir/ place4 ,t mo/ *ildlike k9d ( (f]+1 ! giv+ ( a gift ) z yet no def9ite ?\ght h[ ! receiv] c take & use x1 may be ! mo/ primitive z x is ! mo/ rudim5t>y sacrifice4 ,moreov]1 9 trac+ ! hi/ory ( ! c]emony f level to level ( culture1 ! same simple un%ap$ int5tion may /ill l>gely prevail1 & mu* ( ! reason :y x is (t5 f\nd difficult to asc]ta9 :at savages & b>b>ians suppose to become ( ! food & valuables !y (f] to ! gods1 may be simply due to anci5t sacrific]s kn[+ z little ab\t x z mod]n e?nologi/s d1 & c>+ less4 ,yet rude races beg9 & civiliz$ races cont9ue to furni% ) ! details ( _! sacrificial c]emonies ! key also to _! mean+1 ! explanation ( ! mann] 9 :i* ! (f]+ is suppos$ to pass into ! possession ( ! deity4 ,beg9n+ ) cases 9 :i* ?is transmission is p]=m$ bodily1 x appe>s t :5 ! deity is ! p]sonal ,wat]1 ,e>?1 ,fire1 ,air1 or a feti%-_s animat+ or inhabit+ su* elem5t1 he c receive & sometimes actually consume ! (f]+s giv5 ov] to ?is mat]ial m$ium4 ,h[ su* notions may take %ape is n ill %[n 9 ! qua9tly rational ?\ght notic$ 9 old ,p]u1 t ! ,sun dr9ks ! libations p\r$ out be=e him2 & 9 mod]n ,madagasc>1 t ! ,angatra dr9ks ! arrack left = him 9 ! leaf-cup4 ,d n !y see ! liquids dim9i% f day to day8#hfg ,! sacrifice to ,wat] is exemplifi$ by ,indians caught 9 a /orm on ! ,nor? ,am]ican lakes1 :o w\ld appease ! angry tempe/-rais+ deity by ty+ ! feet ( a dog & ?r[+ x ov]bo>d4#hfh ,! foll[+ case f ,gu9ea well %[s ! pr9ciple ( su* (f]+s4 ,once 9 #afic1 ! sea be+ unusually r\gh1 ! headm5 compla9$ to ! k+1 :o desir$ !m to be easy1 & he w\ld make ! sea quiet next day4 ,accord+ly he s5t 8 feti%man ) a j> ( palm oil1 a bag ( rice & corn1 a j> ( pitto1 a bottle ( br&y1 a piece ( pa9t$ calico1 & sev]al o!r ?+s to pres5t to ! sea4 ,be+ come to ! sea-side1 he made a spee* to x1 assur+ x t 8 k+ 0 its fri5d1 & lov$ ! :ite m52 t !y 7 hone/ fell[s & came to trade ) him = :at he want$2 & t he reque/$ ! sea n to be angry1 nor h9d] !m to l& _! goods2 he told x1 t if x want$ palm oil1 8 k+ _h s5t x "s2 & s ?rew ! j> ) ! oil into ! sea1 z he did1 ) ! same complim5t1 ! rice1 corn1 pitto1 br&y1 calico1 c4#hfi ,among ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians ! ,e>? also receives (f]+s buri$ 9 x4 ,! di/9ctness ( idea ) :i* su* objects may be giv5 is well %[n 9 a ,si\x leg5d4 ,! ,_s ( ! e>?1 x seems1 requires an (f]+ f ^? :o p]=m extraord9>y a*ievem5ts1 & accord+ly ! prairie gapes op5 ) an e>?quake be=e ! victori\s h]o ( ! tale2 he ca/s a p>tridge into ! crevice1 & spr+s ov]4#hgj ,"o ( ! mo/ explicit record$ in/ances ( ! (f]+ to ! ,e>? is ! hide\s sacrifice to ! ,e>?-goddess among ! ,khonds ( ,orissa1 ! te>+ ( ! fle% ( ! human victim f ! bones1 ! prie/ bury+ half ( x 9 a hole 9 ! e>? beh9d 8 back )\t look+ r\nd1 & ea* h\sehold] c>ry+ (f a p>ticle to bury 9 l mann] 9 8 fav\rite field4#hga ,= (f]+s to ! ,fire1 we may take = an example ! ,yakuts1 :o n only give him ! fir/ spoonful ( food1 b in/ead ( wa%+ _! e>!n pots all[ him to clean out ! rema9s4#hgb ,"h is a ,new ,zeal& *>m call$ ,wangaihau1 i4e41 fe$+ ! ,w9d3-- #8,lift up 8 (f]+1 ,to ,u5ga a te ,rangi 8 (f]+1 ,eat1 ,o invisible "o1 li/5 to me1 ,let t food br+ y d[n f ! sky4'#hgc ,beside ?is may be set ! qua9t description ( ! ,fanti negroes assi/+ at ! sacrifice ( m5 & cattle to ! local feti%2 ! victims 7 consid]$ to be c>ri$ up 9 a :irlw9d out ( ! mid/ ( ! small inn] r+ ( prie/s & prie/esses2 ?is :irlw9d 01 h[ev]1 n p]ceptible to ! s5ses ( ! surr\nd+ wor%ipp]s4#hgd ,^! s]ies ( details collect$ f ! l[] civilization ?r[ light on curi\s problems z to sacrificial ideas 9 ! religions ( ! classic _w2 su* que/ions z :at ,x]xes meant :5 he ?rew ! gold5 goblet & ! sword into ! ,hellespont1 :i* he _h be=e *a9$ & sc\rg$2 :y ,hannibal ca/ animals into ! sea z victims to ,poseidon2 :at religi\s significance und]lay ! patriotic ,roman leg5d ( ! leap ( ,m>cus ,curtius4#hge ,sacr$ animals1 9 _! v>i\s *>act]s ( div9e be+s1 inc>nations1 repres5tatives1 ag5ts1 symbols1 naturally receive meat & dr9k (f]+s1 & sometimes o!r gifts4 ,= examples1 may be m5tion$ ! sun-birds 7tonatzuli71 = :i* ! ,apala*es ( ,florida set out cru%$ maize & se$2#hgf ! ,polynesian deities com+ inc>nate 9 ! bodies ( birds to fe$ on ! meat-(f]+s & c>cases ( human victims set out ^u ! alt>-scaffolds2#hgg ! well-f$ sacr$ snakes ( ,we/ ,africa1 & local feti% animals l ! alligator at ,dix ,cove :i* w come up at a :i/le1 & foll[ a man half a mile if he c>ries a :ite f[l 9 8 h&s1 or ! %>k at ,bonny t comes to ! riv] bank e day to see if a human victim has be5 provid$ = 8 repa/2#hgh 9 mod]n ,india ! c[s rev]5tly f$ ) fre% grass1 ,durga's meat-(f]+s laid out on /ones = ! jackals1 ! fam\s alligators 9 _! temple-tanks4#hgi ,! def9ition ( sacr$ animal f ?is po9t ( view di/9ctly includes man4 ,su* 9 ,mexico 0 ! captive y\? ador$ z liv+ repres5tative ( ,tezcatlipoca1 & to :om banquets 7 made dur+ ! luxuri\s twelvemon? :i* prec$$ 8 sacrifice at ! fe/ival ( ! deity :om he p]sonat$3 su* /ill m def9itely 0 ,cortes himself1 :5 ,montezuma suppos$ him to be ! inc>nate ,quetzalcoatl come back into ! l&1 & s5t human victims accord+ly to be slaught]$ be=e him1 %\ld he seem to lu/ = blood4#hhj ,su* 9 mod]n ,india is ! woman :o z repres5tative ( ,radha eats & dr9ks ! (f]+s at ! %ameless orgies ( ! ,saktas4#hha ,m usually x is ! prie/ :o z m9i/] ( ! deities has ! lion's %>e ( ! (f]+s or ! sole privilege ( consum+ !m1 f ! ,fijian prie/ :o wat*es = ! turtle & pudd+s apportion$ to 8 god1#hhb & ! ,we/ ,african prie/ :o c>ries ! all[ances ( food s5t to ! local spirits ( m\nta91 or riv]1 or grove1 :i* food he eats himself z ! _s's proxy1#hhc to ! ,brahmans :o receive = ! div9e ance/ors ! oblation ( a wor%ipp] :o has no sacr$ fire to consume x1 #8= !re is no diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,fire & a ,brahman1 su* is ! judgm5t decl>$ by !m :o "k ! ,v$a4'#hhd ,x is ne$less to collect details ( a practice s usual 9 ! great sy/ematic religions ( ! _w1 :]e prie/s h become pr(essional m9i/]s & ag5ts ( deity1 z = !m to p>take ( ! sacrificial meats4 ,x by no means foll[s f ?is usage t ! prie/ is necess>ily suppos$ to consume ! food z repres5tative ( 8 div9ity2 9 ! abs5ce ( express /atem5t to su* effect1 ! matt] c only be treat$ z "o ( c]emonial ord9ance4 ,inde$1 ! case %[s ! caution ne$$ 9 int]pret+ religi\s rites1 :i* 9 p>ticul> di/ricts may h mean+s atta*$ to !m q =eign to _! g5]al int5t4 ,! fe$+ ( an idol1 z :5 ,o/yaks w\ld p\r daily bro? into ! di% at ! image's m\?1#hhe or :5 ! ,aztecs w\ld p\r ! blood & put ! he>t ( ! slaught]$ human victim into ! mon/r\s idol's m\?1#hhf seems c]emonial make-believe1 b %[s t 9 ea* case ! deity 0 someh[ consid]$ to dev\r ! meal4 ,! conception among ! l[] races ( deity1 z 9 disembodi$ spiritual =m1 is ev5 less compatible ) ! notion t su* a be+ %\ld consume solid matt]4 ,x is true t ! notion does occur4 ,9 old times x appe>s 9 ! leg5d ( ,bel & ! ,dragon1 :]e ! footpr9ts 9 ! /rewn a%es betray ! knavi% prie/s :o come by secret doors to eat up ! banquet set be=e ,bel's image4#hhg ,9 mod]n c5turies1 x may be exemplifi$ by ! negroes ( ,labode1 :o c\ld he> ! noise ( _! god ,jimawong empty+ "o aft] ano!r ! bottles ( br&y h&$ 9 at ! door ( 8 /raw-ro($ temple2#hhh or among ! ,o/yaks1 :o1 z ,pallas relates1 us$ to leave a horn ( snuff = _! god1 ) a %av+ ( will[ b>k to /op 8 no/rils ) aft] ! c\ntry fa%ion2 ! travell] describes _! a/oni%m5t :5 sometimes an unbeliev+ ,russian has empti$ x 9 ! night1 leav+ ! simple folk to conclude t ! deity mu/ h gone out hunt+ to h snuff$ s mu*4#hhi ,b ^! cases turn on fraud1 :]eas absurdities 9 :i* l[ races l>gely agree are apt to h _! orig9 r 9 g5u9e error4 ,inde$1 _! dom9ant !ories ( ! mann] 9 :i* deities receive sacrifice are 9 accordance n ) fraud b ) facts1 & mu/ be treat$ z /rictly rational & hone/ developm5ts ( ! l[] animism4 ,! cle>e/ & mo/ g5]al ( ^! !ories are z foll[s4 ,:5 ! deity is consid]$ to take actual possession ( ! food or o!r objects (f]$1 ?is may be conceiv$ to happ5 by ab/raction ( _! life1 sav\r1 ess5ce1 quality1 & 9 yet m def9ite conception _! _s or s\l4 ,! solid "p may die1 decay1 be tak5 away or consum$ or de/roy$1 or may simply rema9 unt\*$4 ,among ?is gr\p ( conceptions1 ! mo/ mat]ializ$ is t :i* c>ries out ! obvi\s primitive _w-wide doctr9e t ! life is ! blood4 ,accord+ly1 ! blood is (f]$ to ! deity1 & ev5 disembodi$ spirits are ?\ght capable ( consum+ x1 l ! gho/s = :om ,odysseus ent]+ ,hades p\r$ into ! tr5* ! blood ( ! sacrific$ ram & black ewe1 & ! pale %ades drank & spoke2#hij or ! evil spirits :i* ! ,m9tira ( ! ,malay ,p59sula keep away f ! wife 9 *ildbir? by plac+ h] ne> ! fire1 = ! demons are believ$ to dr9k human blood :5 !y c f9d x4#hia ,?us 9 ,virg9ia ! ,indians 79 pret5ce or reality7 sacrific$ *ildr51 ^: blood ! oki or _s 0 said to suck f _! left brea/4#hib ,! ,kayans ( ,borneo us$ to (f] human sacrifice :5 a great *ief took possession ( a newly built h\se2 9 "o late case1 ab\t #ahdg1 a ,malay slave girl 0 b\ght = ! purpose & bl$ to dea?1 ! blood1 :i* alone is efficaci\s1 be+ spr9kl$ on ! pill>s & "u ! h\se1 & ! body be+ ?r[n into ! riv]4#hic ,! same ideas appe> among ! indig5es ( ,india1 alike 9 ,nor? ,b5gal & 9 ! ,deccan1 :]e ! blood alone ( ! sacrific$ animal is = ! deities1 & ! vot>y reta9s ! meat4#hid ,?us1 9 ,we/ ,africa1 ! negroes ( ,b59 are describ$ z (f]+ a cock to ! idol1 b x receives only ! blood1 = !y l ! fle% v well !mselves2#hie :ile 9 ! ,yoruba c\ntry1 :5 a bea/ is sacrific$ = a sick man1 ! blood is spr9kl$ on ! wall & sme>$ on ! pati5t's =ehead1 ) ! idea1 x is said1 ( ?us transf]r+ to him ! victim's life4#hif ,! ,jewi% law ( sacrifice m>ks cle>ly ! di/9ction betwe5 %$d+ ! blood z life1 & (f]+ x z food4 ,z ! ,israelites !mselves might n eat ) ! fle% ! blood :i* is ! life1 b mu/ p\r x on ! e>? z wat]1 s ! rule applies to sacrifice4 ,! blood mu/ be spr9kl$ be=e ! sanctu>y1 put ^u ! horns ( ! alt>1 & !re spr9kl$ or p\r$ out1 b n pres5t$ z a dr9k (f]+--#8_! dr9k-(f]+s ( blood w ,i n (f]4'#hig ,_s be+ consid]$ 9 ! l[] animism z some:at ( ! e!real nature ( smoke or mi/1 !re is an obvi\s reasonabl5ess 9 ! idea t (f]+s r$uc$ to ?is condition are fit to be consum$ by1 or transmitt$ to1 spiritual be+s t[>ds :om ! vap\r rises 9 ! air4 ,?is idea is well %[n 9 ! case ( inc5se1 & especially a peculi> k9d ( inc5se (f]$ among ! native tribes ( ,am]ica4 ,! habit ( smok+ tobacco is n sugge/ive ( religi\s rites among ourselves1 b 9 its native c\ntry1 :]e x is s widely diffus$ z to be p]haps ! be/ po9t assignable 9 fav\r ( a connexion 9 ! culture ( ! nor!rn & s\!rn cont95t1 its place 9 wor%ip is v important4 ,! ,osages w\ld beg9 an und]tak+ by smok+ a pipe1 ) su* a pray] z ?is3 #8,great ,_s1 come d[n to smoke ) me z a fri5d6 ,fire & ,e>?1 smoke ) me & help me to ov]?r[ my foes6' ,! ,si\x 9 ,h5nep9's "t w\ld look t[>d ! ,sun :5 !y smok$1 & :5 ! calumet 0 light$1 !y pres5t$ x to him1 say+3 #8,smoke1 ,sun6' ,! ,nat*ez *ief at sunrise smok$ fir/ to ! ea/ & !n to ! o!r qu>t]s2 & s on4 ,x is n m]ely1 h[ev]1 t puffs f ! tobacco-pipe are ?us (f]$ to deities z drops ( dr9k or morsels ( food might be4 ,! calumet is a special gift ( ! ,sun or ! ,great ,_s1 tobacco is a sacr$ h]b1 & smok+ is an agreeable sacrifice asc5d+ into ! air to ! abode ( gods & spirits4#hih ,among ! ,c>ibs1 ! native sorc]] evok+ a demon w\ld puff tobacco-smoke into ! air z an agreeable p]fume to attract ! _s2 :ile among ,brazilian tribes ! sorc]]s smok$ r\nd ^u ! by/&]s & on ! pati5t to be cur$4#hii ,h[ ?or\ghly inc5se & burnt-(f]+ are ( ! same nature1 ! ,zulus well %[1 burn+ inc5se toge!r ) ! fat ( ! caul ( ! slaught]$ bea/1 to give ! spirits ( ! p a sweet sav\r4#ijj ,z to inc5se m precisely ( ! sort we are famili> )1 x 0 9 daily use 9 ! temples ( ,mexico1 :]e among ! commone/ antiqu>ian relics are ! e>!n inc5se-pots 9 :i* #8copalli' 7:5ce our ^w copal7 & bitum5 7 burnt4#ija ,?\gh inc5se 0 h>dly usual 9 ! anci5t religion ( ,*9a1 yet 9 mod]n ,*9ese h\ses & temples ! #8joss-/ick' & c5s] d hon\r to all div9e be+s1 f ! ance/ral manes to ! great gods & ,heav5 & ,e>?4#ijb ,! hi/ory ( inc5se 9 ! religion ( ,greece & ,rome po9ts ! contra/ betwe5 old ?rift & new extravagance1 :]e ! e>ly fumigations ) h]bs & *ips ( fragrant wood are contra/$ ) ! lat] ori5tal p]fumes1 myrrh & cassia & frank9c5se4#ijc ,9 ! temples ( anci5t ,egypt1 numb]less repres5tations ( sacrificial c]emony %[ ! burn+ ( ! inc5se-pellets 9 c5s]s be=e ! images ( ! gods2 & ,plut>* speaks ( ! inc5se burnt ?rice daily to ! ,sun1 res9 at 8 ris+1 myrrh at 8 m]idian1 kuphi at 8 sett+4#ijd ,! ord9ance held z prom95t a place among ! ,semitic nations4 ,at ! ye>ly fe/ival ( ,bel 9 ,babylon1 ! ,*aldans are decl>$ by ,h]odotus to h burn$ a ?\s& tal5ts ( inc5se on ! l>ge alt> 9 ! temple :]e sat 8 gold5 image4#ije ,9 ! records ( anci5t ,israel1 !re has come d[n to u ! v recipe = comp\nd+ inc5se aft] ! art ( ! apo!c>y4 ,! prie/s c>ri$ e man 8 c5s]1 & on ! alt> ( inc5se1 ov]laid ) gold1 /&+ be=e ! vail 9 ! tab]nacle1 sweet spices 7 burn$ morn & ev51 a p]petual inc5se be=e ! ,"l4#ijf ,! sacrifice by fire is famili> to ! religion ( ,nor? ,am]ican tribes4 ,?us ! ,algonqu9s knew ! practice ( ca/+ into ! fire ! fir/ morsel ( ! fea/2 & ?r[+ fat into ! flames = ! spirits1 !y w\ld pray to !m #8make u f9d food4' ,catl9 has describ$ & sket*$ ! ,m&ans danc+ r\nd ! fire :]e ! fir/ kettleful ( ! gre5-corn is be+ burn$1 an (f]+ to ! ,great ,_s be=e ! fea/ beg9s4#ijg ,! ,p]uvians burnt llamas z (f]+s to ! ,creator1 ,sun1 ,moon1 & ,?und]1 & o!r less] deities4 ,z to ! op]ation ( sacrifice1 an idea ( !irs comes well into view 9 ! leg5d ( ,manco ,ccapac ord]+ ! sacrifice ( ! mo/ beautiful ( 8 sons1 #8cutt+ (f 8 head1 & spr9kl+ ! blood ov] ! fire1 t ! smoke might rea* ! ,mak] ( heav5 & e>?4'#ijh ,9 ,sib]ia ! sacrifices ( ! ,tunguz & ,buraets1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* bits ( meat & liv] & fat are ca/ into ! fire1 c>ry on ! same idea4#iji ,*9ese sacrifices to sun & moon1 />s & con/ellations1 %[ _! purpose 9 mo/ def9ite fa%ion2 bea/s & ev5 silks & preci\s /ones are burn$1 t _! vap\r may asc5d to ^! heav5ly spirits4#iaj ,no less significant1 ?\gh 9 a diff]5t s5se1 is ! ,siamese (f]+ to ! h\sehold deity1 inc5se & arrack & rice /eam+ hot2 he does n eat x all1 n always any "p ( x1 x is ! fragrant /eam :i* he loves to inhale4#iaa ,look+ n[ to ! records ( ,aryan sacrifice1 views simil> to ^! are n obscurely express$4 ,:5 ! ,brahman burns ! (f]+s on ! alt>-fire1 !y are receiv$ by ,agni ! div9e ,fire1 m\? ( ! gods1 mess5g] ( ! ,all-kn[+1 to :om is *ant$ ! ,v$ic /rophe1 #8,agni6 ! sacrifice :i* ?\ encompasse/ :ole1 x goes unto ! gods6'#iab ,! ,hom]ic poems %[ ! pla9 mean+ ( ! hecatombs ( old b>b>ic ,greece1 :]e ! sav\r ( ! burnt (f]+ w5t up 9 wrea?+ smoke to heav51 #8 ' 4'#iac ,pass$ into a f> o!r /age ( hi/ory1 m5's m9ds _h n lo/ sight ( ! ar*aic ?\ght ev5 9 ,porphyry's "t1 = he kn[s h[ ! demons :o desire to be gods rejoice 9 ! libations & fumes ( sacrifice1 :]eby _! spiritual & bodily sub/ance fatt5s1 = ?is lives on ! /eam & vap\rs & is /r5g!n$ by ! fumes ( ! blood & fle%4#iad ,! view ( comm5tators t sacrifice1 z a religi\s act ( remote antiquity & _w-wide preval5ce1 0 adopt$1 regulat$1 & sanction$ 9 ! ,jewi% law1 is 9 agreem5t ) ! g5]al e?nography ( ! subject4 ,"h sacrifice appe>s n ) ! l[] conception ( a gift acceptable & ev5 b5eficial to deity1 b ) ! high] significance ( dev\t homage or expiation = s94 ,z is s usual 9 ! hi/ory ( religion1 ! (f]+ consi/$ 9 g5]al ( food1 & ! consummation ( ! sacrifice 0 by fire4 ,to ! c]emonial details ( ! sacrificial rites ( ,israel1 :e!r prescrib+ ! burn+ ( ! c>cases ( ox5 & %eep or ( ! bloodless gifts ( fl\r m+l$ ) oil1 !re is app5d$ aga9 & aga9 ! explanation ( ! int5t ( ! rite2 x is #8an (f]+ made by fire1 ( a sweet sav\r unto ! ,"l4' ,! copi\s records ( sacrifice 9 ! ,old ,te/am5t enable u to foll[ its expansion f ! simple patri>*al =ms ( a pa/oral tribe1 to ! huge & complex sy/em organiz$ to c>ry on ! anci5t s]vice 9 a n[ popul\s & settl$ k+dom4 ,among writ]s on ! ,jewi% religion1 ,dean ,/anley has vividly portray$ ! aspect ( ! ,temple1 ) ! flocks ( %eep & droves ( cattle cr[d+ its c\rts1 ! va/ app>atus ( slaught]1 ! great alt> ( burnt-(f]+ t[]+ above ! p1 :]e ! c>cases 7 laid1 ! dra9 b5ea? to c>ry (f ! /reams ( blood4 ,to ?is hi/orian1 9 sympa?y r ) ! _s ( ! prophet ?an ! c]emony ( ! prie/1 x is a cong5ial task to dwell ^u ! great movem5t 9 lat] ,judaism to ma9ta9 ! place ( e?ical above c]emonial religion4#iae ,9 ^? times ( ,hebrew hi/ory1 ! prophets turn$ ) /]n rebuke on ^? :o rank$ c]emonial ord9ance above weighti] matt]s ( ! law4 #8,i desir$ m]cy & n sacrifice1 & ! k ( ,god m ?an burnt (f]+s4' #8,i delight n 9 ! blood ( bullocks1 or ( lambs1 or ( he goats4444 ,wa% y1 make y clean2 put away ! evil ( y\r do+s f be=e m9e eyes4 ,cease to d evil1 le>n to d well4' ,cont9u+ ! enquiry into ! physical op]ation ascrib$ to sacrifice1 we turn to a diff]5t conception4 ,x is an idea well v\*$ = 9 ! l[] culture1 t ! deity1 :ile leav+ app>5tly unt\*$ ! (f]+ set out be=e him1 may nev]!less p>take ( or ab/ract :at 9 a loose way may be describ$ z its ess5ce4 ,! ,zulus leave ! fle% ( ! sacrific$ bullock all night1 & ! div9e ance/ral spirits come & eat1 yet next morn+ ev]y?+ rema9s j z x 04 ,describ+ ?is practice1 a native ,zulu ?us navely comm5ts on x3 #8,b :5 we ask1 8,:at d ! ,amadhlozi eat8 = 9 ! morn+ we /ill see all ! meat10 ! old m5 say1 8,! ,amatongo lick x40 ,& we are unable to contradict !m1 b are sil5t1 = !y are old] ?an we1 & tell u all ?+s & we li/52 = we are told all ?+s1 & ass5t )\t see+ cle>ly :e!r !y are true or n4'#iaf ,su* imag9ation 0 famili> to ! native religion ( ! ,we/ ,indian isl&s4 ,9 ,columbus' "t1 & ) p>ticul> ref]5ce to ,hispaniola1 ,roman ,pane describes ! native mode ( sacrifice4 ,^u any solemn day1 :5 !y provide mu* to eat1 :e!r fi%1 fle%1 or any o!r ?+1 !y put x all into ! h\se ( ! cemis1 t ! idol may fe$ on x4 ,! next day !y c>ry all home1 aft] ! cemi has eat54 ,& ,god s help !m 7says ! fri>71 z ! cemi eats ( t or any?+ else1 !y be+ inanimate /ocks or /ones4 ,a c5tury & a half lat]1 a simil> notion /ill prevail$ 9 ^! isl&s4 ,no?+ c\ld %[ x m neatly ?an ! fancy ( ! ,c>ibs t !y c\ld he> ! spirits 9 ! night mov+ ! vessels & *amp+ ! food set out = !m1 yet next morn+ !re 0 no?+ t\*$2 x 0 held t ! vi&s ?us p>tak5 ( by ! spirits _h become holy1 s t only ! old m5 & consid]able p might ta/e !m1 & ev5 ^! requir$ a c]ta9 bodily purity4#iag ,isl&]s ( ,pulo ,aur1 ?\gh admitt+ t _! bani%$ disease-spirits did n actually consume ! gra9s ( rice set out = !m1 nev]!less believ$ !m to appropriate its ess5ce4#iah ,9 ,india1 among ! indig5es ( ! ,g>o hills1 we he> ( ! head & blood ( ! sacrific$ animal be+ plac$ ) "s rice "u a bamboo ar* cov]$ ) a :ite clo?2 ! god comes & takes :at he wants1 & aft] a "t ?is special (f]+ is dress$ = ! company ) ! re/ ( ! animal4#iai ,! ,khond deities live on ! flav\rs & ess5ces drawn f ! (f]+s ( _! vot>ies1 or f animals or gra9 :i* !y cause to die or disappe>4#ibj ,:5 ! ,buraets ( ,sib]ia h sacrific$ a %eep & boil$ ! mutton1 !y set x up on a scaffold = ! gods :ile ! %aman is *ant+ 8 song1 & !n !mselves fall to4#iba ,& ?us1 9 ! folklore ( m$ival ,europe1 ,dom9a ,abundia w\ld come ) h] dames into ! h\ses at night1 & eat & dr9k f ! vessels left uncov]$ = _! increase-giv+ visit1 yet no?+ 0 consum$4#ibb ,! extreme animi/ic view ( sacrifice is t ! s\l ( ! (f]$ animal or ?+ is ab/ract$ by or transmitt$ to ! deity4 ,?is notion ( spirits tak+ s\ls is 9 a some:at diff]5t way exemplifi$ among ! ,b9ua ( ,johore1 :o hold t ! evil ,riv]-spirits inflict diseases on man by fe$+ on ! #8semangat1' or unsub/antial body 79 ord9>y p>lance ! _s7 9 :i* 8 life resides1#ibc :ile ! ,k>5 demon dev\rs n ! body b ! #8la1' _s or vital pr9ciple2 ?us :5 x eats a man's eyes1 _! mat]ial "p rema9s1 b !y are bl9d4#ibd ,n[ an idea simil> to ?is furni%$ ! ,polynesians ) a !ory ( sacrifice4 ,! prie/ might s5d commissions by ! sacrific$ human victim2 spirits ( ! dead are eat5 by ! gods or demons2 ! spiritual "p ( ! sacrifices is eat5 by ! _s ( ! idol 7i4e4 ! deity dwell+ or embodi$ 9 ! idol7 be=e :om x is pres5t$4#ibe ,( ! ,fijians x is obs]v$ t ( ! great (f]+s ( food native belief apportions m]ely ! s\l to ! gods1 :o are describ$ z be+ enorm\s eat]s2 ! sub/ance is consum$ by ! wor%ipp]s4 ,z 9 v>i\s o!r di/ricts ( ! _w1 human sacrifice is "h 9 fact a meat-(f]+2 cannibalism is a "p ( ! ,fijian religion1 & ! gods are describ$ z delight+ 9 human fle%4#ibf ,su* ideas are explicit among ,indian tribes ( ! ,am]ican lakes1 :o consid] t (f]+s1 :e!r ab&on$ or consum$ by ! wor%ipp]s1 g 9 a spiritual =m to ! _s !y are devot$ to4 ,native leg5ds af=d ! cle>e/ illu/rations4 ,! foll[+ is a passage f an ,ottawa tale :i* rec\nts ! adv5tures ( ,wassamo1 he :o 0 convey$ by ! _s-maid5 to ! lodge ( h] fa!r1 ! ,_s ( ! ,s& ,d[ns1 d[n bel[ ! wat]s ( ,lake ,sup]ior4 #8,son-9-law1' said ! ,old ,_s1 #8,i am 9 want ( tobacco4 ,y %all return to visit y\r p>5ts1 & c make kn[n my wi%es4 ,= x is v seldom t ^? few :o pass ^! ,s& ,hills1 (f] a piece ( tobacco4 ,:5 !y d x1 x imm$iately comes to me4 ,j s1' he add$1 putt+ 8 h& out ( ! side ( ! lodge1 & draw+ 9 sev]al pieces ( tobacco1 :i* "s "o at t mom5t happ5$ to (f] to ! ,_s1 = a smoo? lake & prosp]\s voyage4 #8,y see1' he said1 #8e ?+ (f]$ me on e>?1 comes imm$iately to ! side ( my lodge4' ,wassamo saw ! wom5 also putt+ _! h&s to ! side ( ! lodge1 & !n h&+ r\nd some?+1 ( :i* all p>took4 ,?is he f\nd to be (f]+s ( food made by mortals on e>?4 ,! di/9ctly spiritual nature ( ?is transmission is %[n imm$iately aft]1 = ,wassamo _c eat su* m]e _s-food1 :]e=e 8 _s-wife puts out h] h& f ! lodge & takes 9 a mat]ial fi% out ( ! lake to cook = him4#ibg ,ano!r ,ottawa leg5d1 ! already cit$ nature-my? ( ! ,sun & ,moon1 is ( mu* int]e/ n only = its display ( ?is special ?\ght1 b z %[+ cle>ly ! motives ) :i* savage animi/s (f] sacrifices to _! deities1 & consid] ^! deities to accept !m4 ,on[uttokwutto1 ! ,ojibwa y\? :o has foll[$ ! ,moon up to ! lovely heav5-prairies to be h] husb&1 is tak5 "o day by h] bro!r ! ,sun to see h[ he gets 8 d9n]4 ,! two look d[n toge!r ?r\gh ! hole 9 ! sky ^u ! e>? bel[1 ! ,sun po9ts out a gr\p ( *ildr5 play+ beside a lodge1 at ! same "t ?r[+ a t9y /one to hit a beautiful boy4 ,! *ild falls1 !y see him c>ri$ into ! lodge1 !y he> ! s\nd ( ! %ee%eegwun 7! rattle71 & ! song & pray] ( ! m$ic9e-man t ! *ild's life may be sp>$4 ,to ?is entreaty ( ! m$ic9e-man1 ! ,sun makes answ]1 #8,s5d me up ! :ite dog4' ,!n ! two spectators above c\ld di/+ui% on ! e>? ! hurry & bu/le ( prep>ation = a fea/1 a :ite dog kill$ & s+$1 & ! p :o 7 call$ assembl+ at ! lodge4 ,:ile ^! ?+s 7 pass+1 ! ,sun address$ himself to ,on[uttokwutto1 say+1 #8,!re are among y 9 ! l[] _w "s :om y call great m$ic9e-m52 b x is because _! e>s are op51 & !y he> my voice1 :5 ,i h /ruck any "o1 t !y are able to give relief to ! sick4 ,!y direct ! p to s5d me :atev] ,i call = & :5 !y h s5t x1 ,i remove my h& f ^? ,i _h made sick4' ,:5 he _h said ?is1 ! :ite dog 0 p>cell$ out 9 di%es = ^? t 7 at ! fea/2 !n ! m$ic9e-man :5 !y 7 ab\t to beg9 to eat1 said1 #8,we s5d !e ?is1 ,great ,manito4' ,imm$iately ! ,sun & 8 ,ojibwa companion saw ! dog1 cook$ & ready to be eat51 ris+ to !m ?r\gh ! air--& !n & !re !y d9$ ^u x4#ibh ,h[ su* ideas be> on ! mean+ ( human sacrifice1 we may p]haps judge f ?is pray] ( ! ,iroquois1 (f]+ a human victim to ! ,w>-god3 #8,to !e1 ,o ,_s ,arieskoi1 we slay ?is sacrifice1 t ?\ may/ fe$ ^u ! fle%1 & be mov$ to give u h5ce=? luck & victory ov] our enemies6'#ibi ,s among ! ,aztec pray]s1 !re occurs ?is "o address$ to ,tezcatlipoca-,yautl 9 "t ( w>3 #8,"l ( battles2 x is a v c]ta9 & sure ?+1 t a great w> is beg9n+ to make1 orda91 =m1 & conc]t itself2 ! ,w>-god op5s 8 m\?1 hungry to swall[ ! blood ( _m :o %all die 9 ?is w>2 x seems t ! ,sun & ! ,e>?-,god ,tlatecutli desire to rejoice2 !y desire to give meat & dr9k to ! gods ( ,heav5 & ,hades1 mak+ !m a banquet ( ! fle% & blood ( ! m5 :o are to die 9 ?is w>1' c4#icj ,!re is rem>kable def9it5ess 9 ! ,p]uvian idea t ! s\ls ( human victims are transmitt$ to ano!r life 9 div9e z 9 fun]al sacrifice2 at "o great c]emony1 :]e *ildr5 ( ea* tribe 7 sacrific$ to propitiate ! gods1 #8!y /rangl$ ! *ildr51 fir/ giv+ !m to eat & dr9k1 t !y might n ent] ! pres5ce ( ! ,creator discont5t$ & hungry4'#ica ,simil> ideas ( spiritual sacrifice appe> 9 o!r regions ( ! _w4 ,?us 9 ,we/ ,africa we read ( ! tree-feti% enjoy+ ! _s ( ! food-(f]+1 b leav+ its sub/ance1 & an acc\nt ( ! religion ( ! ,gold ,coa/ m5tions h[ ea* great wong or deity has 8 h\se1 & 8 prie/ & prie/ess to clean ! room & give him daily bread knead$ ) palm-oil1 #8( :i*1 z ( all gifts ( ?is k9d1 ! wong eats ! invisible s\l4'#icb ,s1 9 ,india1 ! ,limbus ( ,d>jeel+ make small (f]+s ( gra91 vegetables1 & sug>-cane1 & sacrifice c[s1 pigs1 f[ls1 c41 on ! decl>$ pr9ciple #8! life brea? to ! gods1 ! fle% to ourselves4'#icc ,x seems likely t su* mean+ may l>gely expla9 ! sacrificial practices ( o!r religions4 ,9 conjunction ) ^! acc\nts1 ! unequivocal mean+ ( fun]al sacrifices1 :]eby (f]+s are convey$ spiritually into ! possession ( spirits ( ! dead1 may p]haps ju/ify u 9 inf]r+ t simil> ideas ( spiritual transmission prevail ext5sively among ! _m nations ^: sacrificial rites we "k 9 fact1 b _c trace ) c]ta9ty to _! orig9al significance4 ,hav+ ?us exam9$ ! mann] 9 :i* ! op]ation ( sacrifice is consid]$ to take physical effect1 :e!r indef9itely or def9itely1 & hav+ di/+ui%$ its actual transmission z ei!r sub/antial1 ess5tial1 or spiritual1 let u n[ foll[ ! "q ( ! sacrific]'s motive 9 pres5t+ ! sacrifice4 ,important & complex z ?is problem is1 its key is s obvi\s t x may be almo/ ?r\gh\t treat$ by m]e /atem5t ( g5]al pr9ciple4 ,if ! ma9 proposition ( animi/ic natural religion be grant$1 t ! idea ( ! human s\l is ! model ( ! idea ( deity1 !n ! analogy ( man's deal+s ) man ought1 int] alia1 to expla9 8 motives 9 sacrifice4 ,x does s1 & v fully4 ,! proposition may be ma9ta9$ 9 wide g5]ality1 t ! common man's pres5t to ! great man1 to ga9 good or av]t evil1 to ask aid or to condone (f5ce1 ne$s only sub/itution ( deity = *ief1 & prop] adaptation ( ! means ( convey+ ! gift to him1 to produce a logical doctr9e ( sacrificial rites1 9 great measure expla9+ _! purpose directly z !y /&1 & else:]e sugge/+ :at 0 ! orig9al mean+ :i* has pass$ into *ang$ %ape 9 ! c\rse ( ages4 ,in/ead ( (f]+ a special collection ( evid5ce "h on ?is proposition1 x may be en\gh to ask att5tive ref]5ce to any ext5sive g5]al collection ( acc\nts ( sacrifice1 su* = in/ance z ^? cit$ = v>i\s purposes 9 ^! volumes4 ,x w be notic$ t (f]+s to div9ities may be class$ 9 ! same way z e>?ly gifts4 ,! occasional gift made to meet "s pres5t em]g5cy1 ! p]iodical tribute br\ght by subject to "l1 ! royalty paid to secure possession or protection ( acquir$ weal?1 all ^! h _! evid5t & well-m>k$ analogues 9 ! sacrificial sy/ems ( ! _w4 ,x may impress "s m9ds ) a /rong] s5se ( ! suffici5cy ( ?is !ory ( sacrifice1 to consid] h[ ! transition is made 9 ! same imp]ceptible way f ! idea ( sub/antial value receiv$1 to t ( c]emonial homage r5d]$1 :e!r ! recipi5t be man or god4 ,we d n f9d x easy to analyse ! impression :i* a gift makes on our own feel+s1 & to sep>ate ! actual value ( ! object f ! s5se ( gratification 9 ! giv]'s good-w or respect1 & ?us we may well scruple to def9e closely h[ uncultur$ m5 "w out ?is v same di/9ction 9 _! deal+s ) _! deities4 ,9 a g5]al way x may be held t ! idea ( practical acceptabl5ess ( ! food or valuables pres5t$ to ! deity1 beg9s e>ly to %ade into ! s5tim5t ( div9e gratification or propitiation by a rev]5t (f]+1 ?\gh 9 itself ( n mu* acc\nt to s mighty a div9e p]sonage4 ,^! two /ages ( ! sacrificial idea may be fairly contra/$1 ! "o among ! ,k>5s :o (f] to a demon arrack or gra9 or a portion ( ! game !y kill1 consid]+ invocation ( no avail )\t a gift1#icd ! o!r among ! negroes ( ,si]ra ,leone1 :o sacrifice an ox #8to make ,god glad v mu*1 & d ,kroom5 good4'#ice ,hopeless z x may be 9 hundr$s ( acc\nts ( sacrifice to guess :e!r ! wor%ipp] means to b5efit or m]ely to gratify ! deity1 !re are also numb]s ( cases 9 :i* ! ?\ght 9 ! sacrific]'s m9d c sc>cely be m ?an an idea ( c]emonial homage4 ,"o ( ! be/-m>k$ sacrificial rites ( ! _w is t ( (f]+ by fire or o!rwise morsels or libations at meals4 ,?is ranges f ! religion ( ! ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian to t ( ! classic ,greek & ! anci5t ,*9ese1 & /ill holds its place 9 peasant cu/om 9 ,europe4#icf ,o!r gr\ps ( cases pass into yet m absolute =mality ( rev]5ce4 ,see ! ,gu9ea negro pass+ 9 sil5ce by ! sacr$ tree or cav]n1 & dropp+ a leaf or a sea-%ell z an (f]+ to ! local _s2#icg ! ,tale9 ( ,burma hold+ up ! di% at 8 meal to (f] x to ! nat1 be=e ! company fall to2#ich ! ,h9du hold+ up a little ( 8 rice 9 8 f+]s to ! height ( 8 =ehead1 & (f]+ x 9 ?\ght to ,siva or ,vi%nu be=e he eats x4#ici ,! same argum5t applies to ! cases rang+ f> & wide ?r\gh religion1 :]e1 :atev] may h be5 ! orig9al int5t ( ! sacrifice1 x has practically pass$ into a fea/4 ,a banquet :]e ! deity has b ! pret5ce & ! wor%ipp]s ! reality1 may seem to u a m]e mock]y ( sacrifice4 ,yet h[ s9c]ely m5 reg>d x z a religi\s c]emony1 ! foll[+ anecdote ( a ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian tribe w %[4 ,a travell+ p>ty ( ,potawatomis1 = ?ree days f9d+ no game1 7 9 great di/ress = want ( food4 ,on ! ?ird night1 a *ief1 nam$ ,saugana1 _h a dream1 :]e9 a p]son appe>+ to him %[$ him t !y 7 suff]+ because !y _h set out )\t a sacrificial fea/4 ,he _h />t$1 on ?is important j\rney1 ! dream] said1 #8z a :ite man w\ld1' )\t mak+ any religi\s prep>ation4 ,!re=e ! ,great ,_s _h puni%$ !m ) sc>city4 ,n[1 h[ev]1 twelve m5 7 to g & kill f\r de] be=e ! sun 0 ?us high 7ab\t n9e o'clock74 ,! *ief 9 8 dream _h se5 ^! f\r de] ly+ dead1 ! hunt]s duly kill$ !m1 & ! sacrificial fea/ 0 held4#idj ,fur!r illu/rative examples ( su* sacr$ banquets may be *os5 ?r\gh ! long range ( culture4 ,! ,zulus propitiate ! ,heav5-god above ) a sacrifice ( black cattle1 t !y may h ra92 ! village *iefs select ! ox51 "o is kill$1 ! re/ are m]ely m5tion$2 ! fle% ( ! slaught]$ ox is eat5 9 ! h\se 9 p]fect sil5ce1 a tok5 ( humble submission2 ! bones are burnt outside ! village2 & aft] ! fea/ !y *ant 9 musical s\nds1 a song )\t words4#ida ,! ,s]watty ,isl&]s sacrifice buffaloes1 pigs1 goats1 & f[ls to ! idols :5 an individual or ! community und]takes an affair or exp$ition ( importance1 & z ! c>cases are dev\r$ by ! devotees1 ?is ensures a respectable att5dance :5 ! (f]+s are num]\s4#idb ,?us among rude tribes ( ,nor!rn ,india1 sacrifices ( bea/s are accompani$ by libations ( f]m5t$ liquor1 & 9 fact sacrifice & fea/ are conv]tible words4#idc ,among ! ,aztecs1 prison]s ( w> furni%$ fir/ an acceptable sacrifice to ! deity1 & !n ! /aple ( a fea/ = ! captors & _! fri5ds2#idd :ile 9 anci5t ,p]u :ole flocks ( sacrific$ llamas 7 eat5 by ! p4#ide ,! hi/ory ( ,greek religion pla9ly records ! transition f ! e>ly holocau/s devot$ by fire to ! gods1 to ! great fe/ivals :]e ! sacrifices provid$ meat = ! public banquets held to hon\r !m 9 c]emonial homage4#idf ,beside ?is developm5t f gift to homage1 !re arises also a doctr9e t ! gi/ ( sacrifice is r 9 ! wor%ipp] giv+ some?+ preci\s to himself1 ?an 9 ! deity receiv+ b5efit4 ,?is may be call$ ! abnegation-!ory1 & its orig9 may be fairly expla9$ by consid]+ x z d]iv$ f ! orig9al gift-!ory4 ,tak+ our own feel+s aga9 = a guide1 we "k h[ x satisfies u to h done our "p 9 giv+1 ev5 if ! gift be ineffectual1 & h[ we scruple to take x back if n receiv$1 b r get rid ( x 9 "s o!r way--x is corban4 ,?us we may ent] into ! feel+s ( ! ,ass9abo9 ,indians1 :o consid]$ t ! blankets & pieces ( clo? & brass kettles & su* valuables ab&on$ 9 ! woods z a m$ic9e-sacrifice1 might be c>ri$ (f by any fri5dly p>ty :o *anc$ to discov] !m2#idg or ( ! ,ava ,buddhi/s br++ to ! temples (f]+s ( boil$ rice & sweetmeats & coco-nut fri$ 9 oil1 & nev] attempt+ to di/urb ! cr[s & wild dogs :o dev\r$ x be=e _! eyes2#idh ( ! mod]n ,moslems sacrific+ %eep1 ox51 & camels 9 ! valley ( ,muna on _! return f ,mekka1 x be+ a m]itori\s act to give away a victim )\t eat+ any ( x1 :ile p>ties ( ,takruri wat* ar\nd l vultures1 ready to p\nce ^u ! c>cases4#idi ,if ! (f]+ to ! deity be cont9u$ 9 c]emonial survival1 9 spite ( a gr[+ conviction t aft] all ! deity does n ne$ & _c pr(it by x1 sacrifice w be ?us kept up 9 spite ( hav+ become practically unreasonable1 & ! wor%ipp] may /ill cont9ue to measure its efficacy by :at x co/s him4 ,b to take ?is abnegation !ory z repres5t+ ! primitive int5tion ( sacrifice w\ld be1 ,i ?9k1 to turn hi/ory upside d[n4 ,! m]e fact ( sacrifices to deities1 f ! l[e/ to ! highe/ levels ( culture1 consi/+ to ! ext5t ( n9e-t5?s or m ( gifts ( food & sacr$ banquets1 tells =cibly aga9/ ! orig9ality ( ! abnegation-!ory4 ,if ! prim>y motive _h be5 to give up valuable prop]ty1 we %\ld f9d ! sacrifice ( weapons1 g>m5ts1 ornam5ts1 z preval5t 9 ! l[] culture z 9 fact x is unusual4 ,look+ at ! subject 9 a g5]al view1 to suppose m5 to h />t$ by devot+ to _! deities :at !y consid]$ practically useless to !m1 9 ord] t !y !mselves might suff] a loss :i* none is to ga91 is to und]value ! practical s5se ( savages1 :o are inde$ apt to keep up old rites aft] _! mean+ has fall5 away1 b seldom introduce new ones )\t a rational motive4 ,9 /udy+ ! religion ( ! l[] races1 m5 are f\nd deal+ ) _! gods 9 z practical & /raight=w>d a way z ) _! neighb\rs1 & :]e pla9 orig9al purpose is f\nd1 x may well be accept$ z suffici5t explanation4 ,( ! way 9 :i* gift c pass into abnegation1 an in/ructive example is =?com+ 9 ,buddhism4 ,x is held t s9ful m5 are liable to be re-born 9 c\rse ( transmigration z w&]+1 burn+1 mis]able demons 7preta74 ,n[ ^! demons may receive (f]+s ( food & dr9k f _! relatives1 :o c fur!r b5efit !m by acts ( m]it done 9 _! "n1 z giv+ food to prie/s1 unless ! wret*$ spirits be s l[ 9 m]it t ?is _c pr(it !m4 ,yet ev5 9 ?is case x is held t ?\gh ! act does n b5efit ! _s :om x is direct$ to1 x does b5efit ! p]son :o p]=ms x4#iej ,unequivocal examples ( abnegation 9 sacrifice may be be/ f\nd among ^? (f]+s ( :i* ! value to ! (f]] utt]ly exce$s ! value !y c be suppos$ to h to ! deity4 ,! mo/ /rik+ ( ^! f\nd among nations some:at advanc$ 9 g5]al culture1 appe> 9 ! hi/ory ( human sacrifice among ,semitic nations4 ,! k+ ( ,moab1 :5 ! battle 0 too sore = him1 (f]$ up 8 elde/ son = a burnt-(f]+ on ! wall4 ,! ,phnicians sacrific$ ! de>e/ *ildr5 to propitiate ! angry gods1 !y enhanc$ _! value by *oos+ !m ( noble families1 & !re 0 n want+ among !m ev5 ! utmo/ pro( t ! efficacy ( ! sacrifice lay 9 ! sacrific]'s griev\s loss1 = !y mu/ h = ye>ly sacrifice only-begott5 sons ( _! p>5ts 7 ' 74 ,heliogabalus br\ght ! hide\s ,ori5tal rite into ,italy1 *oos+ = victims to 8 sol> div9ity high-born lads ?r\gh\t ! l&4 ,( all su* cases1 ! break+ ( ! sacr$ law ( hospitality by sacrific+ ! gue/ to ,jupit] hospitalis1 1 %[s 9 ! /ronge/ light 9 ,semitic regions h[ ! value to ! (f]] might become ! measure ( acceptabl5ess to ! god4#iea ,9 su* ways1 slightly )9 ! range ( ! l[] culture1 b /rongly 9 ! religion ( ! high] nations1 ! transition f ! gift-!ory to ! abnegation !ory seems to h come ab\t4 ,our language displays x 9 a ^w1 if we d b comp>e ! s5se ( pres5tation & acceptance :i* #8sacrificium' _h 9 a ,roman temple1 ) ! s5se ( m]e giv+ up & loss :i* #8sacrifice' conveys 9 an ,engli% m>ket4 ,?r\gh ! hi/ory ( sacrifice1 x has occurr$ to _m nations t co/ may be economiz$ )\t impair+ effici5cy4 ,! result is se5 9 +5i\s devices to light5 ! burd5 on ! wor%ipp] by sub/itut+ some?+ less valuable ?an :at he ought to (f]1 or pret5ds to4 ,ev5 9 su* a matt] z ?is1 ! innate correspond5ce 9 ! m9ds ( m5 is en\gh to produce 9 di/ant & indep5d5t races s mu* uni=mity ( developm5t1 t ?ree or f\r head+s w s]ve to class ! *ief divisions ( sacrificial sub/itution among mank9d4 ,to give "p = ! :ole is a proce$+ s closely con=m$ to ord9>y tribute by subject to "l1 t 9 great measure x comes directly "u ! gift-!ory1 & z su* has already _h its examples "h4 ,x is only :5 ! "p giv5 to ! gods is ( contemptible value 9 proportion to ! :ole1 t full sacrifice passes gradually into sub/itution4 ,?is is ! case :5 9 ,madagasc> ! head ( ! sacrific$ bea/ is set up on a pole1 & ! blood & fat are rubb$ on ! /ones ( ! alt>1 b ! sacrific]s & _! fri5ds & ! (ficiat+ prie/ dev\r ! :ole c>case2#ieb :5 ri* ,gu9ea negroes sacrifice a %eep or goat to ! feti%1 & fea/ on x ) _! fri5ds1 only leav+ = ! deity himself "p ( ! entrails2#iec :5 ,tunguz1 sacrific+ cattle1 w\ld give a bit ( liv] & fat & p]haps hang up ! hide 9 ! woods z ! god's %>e1 or ,mongols w\ld set ! he>t ( ! bea/ be=e ! idol till next day4#ied ,?us ! mo/ anci5t :ole burnt-(f]+ ( ! ,greeks dw9dl$ to burn+ = ! gods only ! bones & fat ( ! slaught]$ ox1 :ile ! wor%ipp]s fea/$ !mselves on ! meat1 an economic rite :i* takes my?ic %ape 9 ! leg5d ( ! sly ,prome!us giv+ ,zeus ! *oice ( ! two p>ts ( ! sacrific$ ox he _h divid$ = gods & mortals1 on ! "o side bones cov]$ seemly ) :ite fat1 on ! o!r ! jo9ts hidd5 "u repulsive hide & entrails4#iee ,) a diff]5t motive1 n t ( p>simony1 b ( keep+ up 9 survival an anci5t cu/om1 ! ,z>a?u/rian religion p]=m$ by sub/itution ! old ,aryan sacrifice by fire4 ,! ,v$ic sacrifice ,agni%toma requir$ t animals %\ld be sla91 & _! fle% p>tly committ$ to ! gods by fire1 p>tly eat5 by sacrific]s & prie/s4 ,! ,p>si c]emony ,ize%ne1 =mal successor ( ?is bloody rite1 requires no animal to be kill$1 b x suffices to place ! hair ( an ox 9 a vessel1 & %[ x to ! fire4#ief ,! (f]+ ( a "p ( ! wor%ipp]'s own body is a mo/ usual act1 :e!r its int5tion is simply t ( gift or tribute1 or :e!r x is consid]$ z a p>s pro toto repres5t+ ! :ole man1 ei!r 9 dang] & requir+ to be ransom$1 or de/9$ to actual sacrifice = ano!r & requir+ to be r$eem$4 ,h[ a f+]-jo9t may ?us repres5t a :ole body1 is p]fectly %[n 9 ! fun]al sacrifices ( ! ,nicob> isl&]s2 !y bury ! dead man's prop]ty ) him1 & 8 wife has a f+]-jo9t cut (f 7obvi\sly a sub/itute = h]self71 & if %e refuses ev5 ?is1 a deep not* is cut 9 a pill> ( ! h\se4#ieg ,we are n[ conc]n$1 h[ev]1 ) ! f+]-(f]+1 n z a sacrifice to ! dead1 b z address$ to o!r deities4 ,?is idea is app>5tly work$ out 9 ! ,tongan cu/om ( tutu-nima1 ! *opp+ (f a portion ( ! little f+] ) a hat*et or %>p /one z a sacrifice to ! gods1 = ! recov]y ( a sick relation ( high] rank2 ,m>9] saw *ildr5 ( five ye>s old qu>rell+ = ! hon\r ( hav+ x done to !m4#ieh ,9 ! ,m&an c]emonies ( initiation into manhood1 :5 ! y\? at la/ hung s5seless & 7z !y call$ x7 lifeless by ! cords made fa/ to spl9ts ?r\gh 8 fle%1 he 0 let d[n1 & com+ to himself crawl$ on h&s & feet r\nd ! m$ic9e-lodge to :]e an old ,indian sat ) hat*et 9 8 h& & a buffalo skull be=e him2 !n ! y\?1 hold+ up ! little f+] ( 8 left h& to ! ,great ,_s1 (f]$ x z a sacrifice1 & x 0 *opp$ (f1 & sometimes ! =e-f+] aft]w>ds1 ^u ! skull4#iei ,9 ,india1 probably z a ,dravidian r ?an ,aryan rite1 ! practice ) full mean+ comes into view2 z ,siva cut (f 8 f+] to appease ! wra? ( ,kali1 s 9 ! s\!rn prov9ces mo!rs w cut (f _! own f+]s z sacrifices le/ !y lose _! *ildr51 & "o he>s ( a gold5 f+] be+ all[$ in/ead1 ! sub/itute ( a sub/itute4#ifj ,! ,new ,zeal&]s hang locks ( hair on bran*es ( trees 9 ! bury+-gr\nd1 a recognis$ place = (f]+s4#ifa ,t hair may be a sub/itute = its own] is well %[n 9 ,malab>1 :]e we read ( ! demon be+ expell$ f ! possess$ pati5t & flogg$ by ! exorci/ to a tree2 !re ! sick man's hair is nail$ fa/1 cut away1 & left = a propitiation to ! demon4#ifb ,?us !re is "s gr\nd = int]pret+ ! consecration ( ! boy's cut hair 9 ,europe z a repres5tative sacrifice4#ifc ,z = ! =mal %$d+ ( blood1 x may repres5t fatal blood%$1 z :5 ! ,jagas or prie/s 9 ,quilombo only m>k$ ) spe>s ! *ildr5 br\ght 91 in/ead ( runn+ !m ?r\gh2#ifd or :5 9 ,greece a few drops ( human blood _h come to /& in/ead ( ! e>li] & m b>b>ic human sacrifice2#ife or :5 9 our own "t & "u our own rule a ,vi%nuite :o has inadv]t5tly kill$ a monkey1 a g>uda1 or a cobra1 may expiate 8 (f5ce by a mock sacrifice1 9 :i* a human victim is w\nd$ 9 ! ?igh1 pret5ds to die1 & goes ?r\gh ! f>ce ( resuscitation1 8 drawn blood s]v+ z sub/itute = 8 life4#iff ,"o ( ! mo/ notewor?y cases ( ! survival ( su* =mal blood%$ )9 mod]n memory 9 ,europe mu/ be class$ z n ,aryan b ,turanian1 belong+ z x does to ! folklore ( ,e/honia4 ,! sacrific] _h to draw drops ( blood f 8 =ef+]1 & !re) to pray ?is pray]1 :i* 0 tak5 d[n v]batim f "o :o rememb]$ x3--#8,i "n !e ) my blood & betro? !e ) my blood1 & po9t !e out my build+s to be bless$1 /ables & cattle-p5s & h5-roo/s2 let !m be bless$ ?r\gh my blood & ?y might6' #8,be my joy1 ?\ ,almighty1 uphold] ( my =efa!rs1 my protector & gu>dian ( my life6 ,i besee* !e by /r5g? ( fle% & blood2 receive ! food t ,i br+ !e to ?y su/5ance & ! joy ( my body2 keep me z ?y good *ild1 & ,i w ?ank & praise !e4 ,by ! help ( ! ,almighty1 my own ,god1 he>k5 to me6 ,:at ?r\gh neglig5ce ,i h done imp]fectly t[>d !e1 d ?\ =get6 ,b keep x truly 9 remembrance1 t ,i h hone/ly paid my gifts to my p>5ts' hon\r & joy & requital4 ,moreov] fall+ d[n ,i ?rice kiss ! e>?4 ,be ) me quick 9 do+1 & peace be ) !e hi!rto6'#ifg ,^! v>i\s rites ( f+]-cutt+1 hair-cutt+1 & blood-lett+1 h requir$ m5tion "h f ! special po9t ( view ( _! connexion ) sacrifice4 ,!y belong to an ext5sive s]ies ( practices1 due to v>i\s & (t5 obscure motives1 :i* come "u ! g5]al head+ ( c]emonial mutilations4 ,:5 a life is giv5 = a life1 x is /ill possible to (f] a life less valu$ ?an ! life 9 dang]4 ,:5 9 ,p]u ! ,inca or "s great "l fell sick1 he w\ld (f] to ! deity "o ( 8 sons1 implor+ him to take ?is victim 9 8 /ead4#ifh ,! ,greeks f\nd x suffici5t to (f] to ! gods crim9als or captives2#ifi & ! l 0 ! practice ( ! hea!n tribes ( nor!rn ,europe1 to :om inde$ ,*ri/ian deal]s 7 accus$ ( sell+ slaves = sacrificial purposes4#igj ,among su* acc\nts1 ! typical /ory belongs to ,punic hi/ory4 ,! ,c>?ag9ians1 ov]come & h>d press$ 9 ! w> ) ,aga?okles1 set d[n ! defeat to div9e wra?4 ,n[ ,kronos _h 9 =m] times receiv$ 8 sacrifice ( ! *os5 ( _! sons1 b ( late !y _h put him (f ) *ildr5 b\ght & n\ri%$ = ! purpose4 ,9 fact !y _h obey$ ! sacrific]'s natural t5d5cy to sub/itution1 b n[ 9 "t ( mis=tune ! reaction set 94 ,to balance ! acc\nt & condone ! p>simoni\s fraud1 a mon/r\s sacrifice 0 celebrat$4 ,two hundr$ *ildr51 ( ! noble/ ( ! l&1 7 br\ght to ! idol4 #8,= !re 0 among !m a braz5 /atue ( ,kronos1 hold+ out 8 h&s slop+ d[nw>d1 s t ! *ild plac$ on !m roll$ (f & fell into a c]ta9 *asm full ( fire4'#iga ,! ,phnician god "h call$ ,kronos is commonly ?\gh n c]ta9ly id5tifi$ ) ,molo*4 ,next1 x w help u to realize h[ ! sacrifice ( an animal may atone = a human life1 if we notice 9 ,s\? ,africa h[ a ,zulu w r$eem a lo/ *ild f ! f9d] by a bullock1 or a ,kimbunda w expiate ! blood ( a slave by ! (f]+ ( an ox1 ^: blood w wa% away ! o!r4#igb ,= in/ances ( ! animal sub/itut$ = man 9 sacrifice ! foll[+ may s]ve4 ,among ! ,khonds ( ,orissa1 :5 ,colonel ,macph]son 0 engag$ 9 putt+ d[n ! sacrifice ( human victims by ! sect ( ! ,e>?-goddess1 !y at once began to discuss ! plan ( sacrific+ cattle by way ( sub/itutes4 ,n[ !re is "s reason to ?9k t ?is same c\rse ( c]emonial *ange may acc\nt = ! foll[+ sacrificial practice 9 ! o!r ,khond sect4 ,x appe>s t ^? :o wor%ip ! ,light-god hold a fe/ival 9 8 hon\r1 :5 !y slaught] a buffalo 9 commemoration ( ! "t :51 z !y say1 ! ,e>?-goddess 0 prevail+ on m5 to (f] human sacrifices to h]1 b ! ,light-god s5t a tribe-deity :o cru%$ ! bloody-m9d$ ,e>?-goddess "u a m\nta91 & dragg$ a buffalo out ( ! jungle1 say+1 #8,lib]ate ! man1 & sacrifice ! buffalo6'#igc ,?is leg5d1 dive/$ ( its my?ic g>b1 may really record a hi/orical sub/itution ( animal = human sacrifice4 ,9 ,ceylon1 ! exorci/ w dem& ! "n ( ! demon possess+ a demoniac1 & ! pati5t 9 fr5zy answ]s1 giv+ ! demon's "n1 #8,i am ,s-&-s1 ,i dem& a human sacrifice & w n g out )\t6' ,! victim is promis$1 ! pati5t comes to f ! fit1 & a few weeks lat] ! sacrifice is made1 b in/ead ( a man !y (f] a f[l4#igd ,classic examples ( sub/itution ( ?is sort may be f\nd 9 ! sacrifice ( a doe = a virg9 to ,artemis 9 ,laodica1 a goat = a boy to ,dionysos at ,potni4 ,!re appe>s to be ,semitic connexion "h1 z !re cle>ly is 9 ! /ory ( ! olians ( ,t5$os sacrific+ to ,melik]tes 7,melk>?7 in/ead ( a new-born *ild a new-born calf1 %oe+ x ) busk9s & t5d+ ! "m-c[ z if a human "m4#ige ,"o /ep m 9 ! c\rse ( sub/itution leads ! wor%ipp] to make 8 sacrifice by effigy4 ,an in/ructive example ( ! way 9 :i* ?is k9d ( sub/itution arises may be f\nd 9 ! rites ( anci5t ,mexico4 ,at ! ye>ly fe/ival ( ! wat]-gods & m\nta9-gods1 c]ta9 actual sacrifices ( human victims took place 9 ! temples4 ,at ! same "t1 9 ! h\ses ( ! p1 !re 0 celebrat$ an unequivocal b h>mless imitation ( ?is bloody rite4 ,!y made pa/e images1 ador$ !m1 & 9 due pret5ce ( sacrifice cut !m op5 at ! brea/1 took out _! he>ts1 cut (f _! heads1 divid$ & dev\r$ _! limbs4#igf ,9 ! classic religions ( ,greece & ,rome1 ! desire to keep up ! consecrat$ rites ( ages m b>b>ic1 m blood?ir/y1 or m pr(use1 work$ itself out 9 _m a compromise ( ?is class1 su* z ! braz5 /atues (f]$ = human victims1 ! cakes ( d\gh or wax 9 ! figure ( ! bea/s = :i* !y 7 pres5t$ z symbolic sub/itutes4#igg ,n = economy1 b to avoid tak+ life1 ,brahmanic sacrifice has be5 kn[n to be br\ght d[n to (f]+ models ( ! victim-animals 9 meal & butt]4#igh ,! mod]n ,*9ese1 ^: satisfaction 9 ?is k9d ( make-believe is s well %[n by _! despat*+ pap] figures to s]ve z att5dants = ! dead1 "w out 9 ! same fanciful way ! idea ( ! sacrificial effigy1 9 propitiat+ ! presid+ deity ( ! ye> = ! cure ( a sick man4 ,! rude figure ( a man is drawn on or cut out ( a piece ( pap]1 pa/$ on a slip ( bamboo1 & /uck upright 9 a packet ( mock-money4 ,) prop] exorcism1 ?is repres5tative is c>ri$ out into ! /reet ) ! disease1 ! prie/ squirts wat] f 8 m\? ov] pati5t1 image1 & mock-money1 ! two latt] are burnt1 & ! company eat up ! little fea/ laid out = ! ye>-deity4#igi ,!re is curi\s hi/orical significance 9 ! cu/om at ! inundation ( ! ,nile at ,cairo1 ( sett+ up a conical pill> ( e>? :i* ! flood wa%es away z x rises4 ,?is is call$ ! arseh or bride1 & appe>s to be a sub/itute introduc$ "u human] ,moslem influ5ce1 = ! "y virg9 9 gay app>el :o 9 old] "t 0 ?r[n into ! riv]1 a sacrifice to obta9 a pl5tiful inundation4#ihj ,aga91 ! pati5t's (f]+ ! model ( 8 diseas$ limb is di/9ctly ( ! nature ( a sacrifice1 :e!r x be propitiatory (f]+ be=e cure1 or ?ank-(f]+ aft]4 ,on ! "o h&1 ! ex-voto models ( arms & e>s d$icat$ 9 anci5t ,egyptian temples are ?\ght to be grateful memorials1#iha z seems to h be5 ! case ) metal models ( faces1 brea/s1 h&s1 c41 9 ,botian temples4#ihb ,on ! o!r h&1 !re are cases :]e ! model &1 z x 71 sub/itute ( ! diseas$ "p is giv5 to obta9 a cure2 ?us 9 e>ly ,*ri/ian times 9 ,g]many prote/ 0 made aga9/ ! hea!n cu/om ( hang+ up c>v$ wood5 limbs to a helpful idol = relief1#ihc & 9 mod]n ,india ! pilgrim com+ = cure w deposit 9 ! temple ! image ( 8 diseas$ limb1 9 gold or silv] or copp] accord+ to 8 means4#ihd ,if n[ we look = ! sacrificial idea )9 ! range ( mod]n ,*ri/5dom1 we %all f9d x 9 two ways n obscurely manife/4 ,x survives 9 traditional folklore1 & x holds a place 9 e/abli%$ religion4 ,"o ( its mo/ rem>kable survivals may be se5 9 ,bulg>ia1 :]e sacrifice ( live victims is to ?is day "o ( ! accept$ rites ( ! l&4 ,!y sacrifice a lamb on ,/4 ,george's day1 tell+ to acc\nt = ! cu/om a leg5d :i* comb9es ! episodes ( ! (f]+ ( ,isaac & ! miracle ( ! ,?ree ,*ildr54 ,on ! fea/ ( ! ,panagia 7,virg9 ,m>y7 sacrifices ( lambs1 kids1 honey1 w9e1 c41 are (f]$ 9 ord] t ! *ildr5 ( ! h\se may enjoy good heal? ?r\gh\t ! ye>4 ,a little *ild div9es by t\*+ "o ( ?ree sa9ts' c&les to :i* ! (f]+ is to be d$icat$2 :5 ! *oice is ?us made1 ! by/&]s ea* dr9k a cup ( w9e1 say+ #8,sa9t ,s-&-,s1 to !e is ! (f]+4' ,!n !y cut ! ?roat ( ! lamb1 or smo!r ! bees1 & 9 ! ev5+ ! :ole village assembles to eat ! v>i\s sacrifices1 & ! m5 end ! c]emony ) ! usual drunk5 b\t4#ihe ,)9 ! bord]s ( ,russia1 _m & v>i\s sacrifices are /ill (f]$2 su* is ! horse ) head sme>$ ) honey & mane deck$ ) ribbons1 ca/ into ! riv] ) two mill/ones to its neck to appease ! wat]-_s1 ! ,vodyany1 at 8 spiteful flood-"t 9 e>ly spr+2 & su* is ! portion ( supp] left out = ! h\se-demon1 ! domovoy1 :o if n ?us f$ is apt to turn _s-rapp]1 & knock ! tables & b5*es ab\t at night4#ihf ,9 _m ano!r di/rict ( ,europe1 ! t5aci\s memory ( ! till] ( ! soil has kept up 9 wondr\s p]fection heirlooms f pr-,*ri/ian fai?s4 ,9 ,franconia1 p w p\r on ! gr\nd a libation be=e dr9k+2 ent]+ a =e/ !y w put (f]+s ( bread & fruit on a /one1 to av]t ! attacks ( ! demon ( ! woods1 ! #8bilb]ry-man2' ! bak]s w ?r[ :ite rolls into ! ov5 flue = luck1 & say1 #8,"h1 devil1 !y are ?9e6' ,! ,c>9?ian peasant w fodd] ! w9d by sett+ up a di% ( food 9 a tree be=e 8 h\se1 & ! fire by ca/+ 9 l>d & dripp+1 9 ord] t gale & conflagration may n hurt him4 ,at lea/ up to ! end ( ! #ah? c5tury ?is mo/ direct elem5tal sacrifice might be se5 9 ,g]many at ! midsumm] fe/ival 9 ! mo/ p]fect =m2 "s ( ! porridge f ! table 0 ?r[n into ! fire1 & "s into runn+ wat]1 "s 0 buri$ 9 ! e>?1 & "s sme>$ on leaves & put on ! *imney-top = ! w9ds4#ihg ,relics ( su* anci5t sacrifice may be f\nd 9 ,sc&9avia to ?is day2 to give b "o example1 ! old c\ntry alt>s1 r\gh e>?-fa/ /ones ) cup-l holl[s1 are /ill visit$ by mo!rs ^: *ildr5 h be5 smitt5 ) sickness by ! trolls1 & :o sme> l>d into ! holl[s & leave rag-dolls z (f]+s4#ihh ,france may be repres5t$ by ! c\ntry-wom5's cu/om ( beg9n+ a meal by ?r[+ d[n a spoonful ( milk or b\illon2 & by ! record ( ! cu/om ( ,&rieux 9 ,dauph9y1 :]e at ! sol/ice ! villag]s w5t out ^u ! bridge :5 ! sun rose1 & (f]$ him an omelet4#ihi ,! cu/om ( burn+ alive ! f9e/ calf1 to save a murra9-/ruck h]d1 _h its la/ examples 9 ,cornwall 9 ! #ai? c5tury2 ! records ( bealtu9n sacrifices 9 ,scotl& cont9ue 9 ! ,highl&s )9 a c5tury ago2 & ,scot*m5 /ill liv+ rememb] ! corn] ( a field be+ left untill$ = ! ,goodman's ,cr(t 7i4e41 ! ,devil's71 b ! pr9ciple ( #8*eat+ ! devil' 0 already 9 vogue1 & ! piece ( l& allott$ 0 b a wor?less scrap4#iij ,x is a remnant ( old sacrificial rite1 :5 ! ,sw$es /ill bake at yule-tide a cake 9 ! %ape ( a bo>1 repres5t+ ! bo> sacrific$ ( old to ,freyr1 & ,ox=d to ?is day commemorates ! same ance/ral c]emony1 :5 ! bo>'s head is c>ri$ 9 to ! ,*ri/mas fea/ at ,que5's ,college1 ) its appo9t$ c>ol1 #8,caput apri def]o1 ,r$d5s laudes ,dom9o4'#iia ,) a l+]+ recollection ( ! old libations1 ! ,g]man top]'s say+ /ill runs t heeltaps are a devil's (f]+4#iib ,z = sacrificial rites mo/ fully & (ficially exi/+ 9 mod]n ,*ri/5dom1 ! pres5tation ( ex-votos is "o4 ,! ecclesia/ical opposition to ! cont9uance ( ^! classic ?ank-(f]+s 0 b tempor>y & p>tial4 ,9 ! #e? c5tury x seems to h be5 usual to (f] silv] & gold eyes1 feet1 c41 to sa9ts 9 ackn[l$gm5t ( cures !y _h effect$4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! #af? c5tury1 ,polydore ,v]gil1 describ+ ! classic cu/om1 goes on to say3 #8,9 ! same mann] d we n[ (f] up 9 our *ur*es sigill>ia1 t is1 little images ( wax1 & oscilla4 ,z (t z any "p ( ! body is hurt1 z ! h&1 foot1 brea/1 we pres5tly make a v[ to ,god1 & 8 sa9ts1 to :om ^u our recov]y we make an (f]+ ( t h& or foot or brea/ %ap$ 9 wax1 :i* cu/om has s f> obta9$ t ?is k9d ( images h pass$ to ! o!r animals4 ,:]e=e s = an ox1 s = a horse1 s = a %eep1 we place puppets 9 ! temples4 ,9 :i* ?+ any mode/ly scrupul\s p]son may p]haps say he kn[s n :e!r we are rivall+ ! religion or ! sup]/ition ( ! anci5ts4'#iic ,9 mod]n ,europe ! cu/om prevails l>gely1 b has p]haps some:at subsid$ into l[ levels ( society1 to judge by ! g5]al use ( mock silv] & su*-l wor?less mat]ials = ! d$icat$ effigies4 ,9 ,*ri/ian z 9 pr-,*ri/ian temples1 cl\ds ( inc5se rise z ( old4 ,above all1 ?\gh ! c]emony ( sacrifice did n =m an orig9al "p ( ,*ri/ian wor%ip1 its prom95t place 9 ! ritual 0 obta9$ 9 e>ly c5turies4 ,9 t ,*ri/ianity 0 recruit$ among nations to :om ! conception ( sacrifice 0 among ! deepe/ ( religi\s ideas1 & ! c]emony ( sacrifice among ! s9c]e/ ef=ts ( wor%ip1 !re arose an obs]vance suit$ to supply ! vacant place4 ,?is result 0 obta9$ n by new introduction1 b by transmutation4 ,! solemn eu*>i/ic meal ( ! primitive ,*ri/ians 9 "t assum$ ! "n ( ! sacrifice ( ! mass1 & 0 adapt$ to a c]emonial 9 :i* an (f]+ ( food & dr9k is set out by a prie/ on an alt> 9 a temple1 & consum$ by prie/ & wor%ipp]s4 ,! natural conclusion ( an e?nographic survey ( sacrifice1 is to po9t to ! controv]sy betwe5 ,prote/ants & ,ca?olics1 = c5turies pa/ "o ( ! ke5e/ :i* h divid$ ! ,*ri/ian _w1 on ?is express "q :e!r sacrifice is or is n a ,*ri/ian rite4 ,! next gr\p ( rites to be consid]$ comprises ,fa/+ & c]ta9 o!r means ( produc+ ec/asy & o!r morbid exaltation = religi\s ends4 ,9 ! =ego+ rese>*es on animism1 x is frequ5tly obs]v$ or impli$ t ! religi\s beliefs ( ! l[] races are 9 no small measure bas$ on ! evid5ce ( visions & dreams1 reg>d$ z actual int]c\rse ) spiritual be+s4 ,f ! e>lie/ phases ( culture upw>d1 we f9d religion 9 close alliance ) ec/atic physical conditions4 ,^! are br\ght on by v>i\s means ( int]f]5ce ) ! heal?y action ( body & m9d1 & x is sc>cely ne$ful to rem9d ! read] t1 accord+ to philosophic !ories antec$5t to ^? ( mod]n m$ic9e1 su* morbid di/urbances are expla9$ z symptoms ( div9e visitation1 or at lea/ ( sup]human spirituality4 ,among ! /ronge/ means ( di/urb+ ! functions ( ! m9d s z to produce ec/atic vision1 is fa/+1 accompani$ z x s usually is ) o!r privations1 & ) prolong$ solit>y contemplation 9 ! des]t or ! =e/4 ,among ! ord9>y vicissitudes ( savage life1 ! wild hunt] has _m a "t to try involunt>ily ! effects ( su* a life = days & weeks toge!r1 & "u ^! circum/ances he soon comes to see & talk ) phantoms :i* are to him visible p]sonal spirits4 ,! secret ( spiritual int]c\rse ?us le>nt1 he has !nce=? b to reproduce ! cause 9 ord] to r5ew ! effects4 ,! rite ( fa/+1 & ! utt] objective reality ascrib$ to :at we call its morbid symptoms1 are %[n 9 /rik+ details among ! savage tribes ( ,nor? ,am]ica4 ,among ! ,indians 7! acc\nts mo/ly ref] to ! ,algonqu9 tribes71 long & rigor\s fa/+ is enjo9$ among boys & girls f a v e>ly age2 to be able to fa/ long is an enviable di/9ction1 & !y w ab/a9 f food ?ree to sev5 days1 or ev5 m1 tak+ only a little wat]4 ,dur+ ^! fa/s1 especial att5tion is paid to dreams4 ,?us ,tann] tells ! /ory ( a c]ta9 ,net-no-kwa1 :o at twelve ye>s old fa/$ t5 successive days1 till 9 a dream a man came & /ood be=e h]1 & aft] speak+ ( _m ?+s gave h] two /icks1 say+1 #8,i give y ^! to walk ^u1 & y\r hair ,i give x to be l sn[2' ?is assurance ( extreme old age 0 ?r\gh life a support to h] 9 times ( dang] & di/ress4 ,at manhood ! ,indian lad1 retir+ to a solit>y place to fa/ & m$itate & pray1 receives vision>y impressions :i* /amp 8 "* = life1 & especially he waits till !re appe>s to him 9 a dream "s animal or ?+ :i* w be h5ce=? 8 #8m$ic9e1' ! feti%-repres5tative ( 8 manitu or protect+ g5ius4 ,= in/ance1 an ag$ w>rior :o _h ?us 9 8 y\? dream$ ( a bat com+ to him1 wore ! sk9 ( a bat on ! cr[n ( 8 head h5ce=?1 & 0 all 8 life invuln]able to 8 enemies z a bat on ! w+4 ,9 aft] life1 an ,indian :o wants any?+ w fa/ till he has a dream t 8 manitu w grant x him4 ,:ile ! m5 are away hunt+1 ! *ildr5 are sometimes made to fa/1 t 9 _! dreams !y may obta9 om5s ( ! *ase4 ,hunt]s fa/+ be=e an exp$ition are in=m$ 9 dreams ( ! haunts ( ! game1 & ! means ( appeas+ ! wra? ( ! bad spirits2 if ! dream] fancies he sees an ,indian :o has be5 long dead1 & he>s him say1 #8,if ?\ wilt sacrifice to me ?\ %alt %oot de] at pleasure1' he w prep>e a sacrifice1 & burn ! :ole or "p ( a de]1 9 hon\r ( ! app>ition4 ,especially ! #8m$a' or #8m$ic9e-man' receives 9 fa/s mu* ( 8 qualification = 8 sacr$ (fice4 ,! ,ojibwa prophetess1 kn[n 9 aft] life z ,ca!r9e ,wabose1 9 tell+ ! /ory ( h] e>ly ye>s1 relates h[ at ! age ( womanhood %e fa/$ 9 h] seclud$ lodge till %e w5t up into ! heav5s & saw ! _s at ! entrance1 ! ,bright ,blue ,sky2 ?is 0 ! fir/ sup]natural communication ( h] prophetic c>e]4 ,! acc\nt giv5 to ,s*oolcraft by ,*+wauk1 an ,algonqu9 *ief deeply v]s$ 9 ! my/ic lore & picture-writ+ ( 8 p1 is z foll[s3 #8,*+wauk began by say+ t ! anci5t ,indians made a great m]it ( fa/+4 ,!y fa/$ sometimes six or sev5 days1 till bo? _! bodies & m9ds became free & light1 :i* prep>$ !m to dream4 ,! object ( ! anci5t se]s 0 to dream ( ! sun1 z x 0 believ$ t su* a dream w\ld enable !m to see ev]y?+ on ! e>?4 ,& by fa/+ long & ?9k+ mu* on ! subject1 !y g5]ally succe$$4 ,fa/s & dreams 7 at fir/ attempt$ at an e>ly age4 ,:at a "y man sees & exp]i5ces dur+ ^! dreams & fa/s1 is adopt$ by him z tru?1 & x becomes a pr9ciple to regulate 8 future life4 ,he relies = success on ^! revelations4 ,if he has be5 mu* fav\r$ 9 8 fa/s1 & ! p believe t he has ! art ( look+ into futurity1 ! pa? is op5 to ! highe/ hon\rs4 ,! prophet1 he cont9u$1 beg9s to try 8 p[] 9 secret1 ) only "o assi/ant1 ^: te/imony is necess>y %\ld he succe$4 ,z he goes on1 he puts d[n ! figures ( 8 dreams & revelations1 by symbols1 on b>k or o!r mat]ial1 till a :ole w9t] is sometimes pass$ 9 pursu+ ! subject1 & he ?us has a record ( 8 pr9cipal revelations4 ,if :at he pr$icts is v]ifi$1 ! assi/ant m5tions x1 & ! record is !n appeal$ to z pro( ( 8 prophetic p[] & skill4 ,"t increases 8 fame4 ,8 kee-ke-w9s1 or records1 are f9ally %[n to ! old p1 :o meet toge!r & consult ^u !m1 = ! :ole nation believe 9 ^! revelations4 ,!y 9 ! end give _! approval1 & decl>e t he is gift$ z a prophet--is inspir$ ) wisdom1 & is fit to lead ! op9ions ( ! nation4 ,su*1 he conclud$1 0 ! anci5t cu/om1 & ! celebrat$ old w>-capta9s rose to _! p[] 9 ?is mann]4' ,x rema9s to say t among ^! ,am]ican tribes1 ! #8jossake$' or soo?say] prep>es himself by fa/+ & ! use ( ! sweat+-ba? = ! /ate ( convulsive ec/asy 9 :i* he utt]s ! dictates ( 8 famili> spirits4#iid ,! practice ( fa/+ is describ$ 9 o!r di/ricts ( ! uncultur$ _w z c>ri$ on to produce simil> ec/asy & sup]natural conv]se4 ,! acc\nt by ,roman ,pane 9 ! ,life ( ,colon describes ! practice 9 ,hayti ( fa/+ to obta9 k ( future ev5ts f ! spirits 7cemi72 & a c5tury or two lat]1 rigor\s fa/+ =m$ "p ( ! appr5tice's prep>ation = ! craft ( #8boy' or sorc]]1 evok]1 consult]1 propitiator1 & exorcis] ( spirits4#iie ,! #8keebt' or conjur]s ( ! ,abipones 7 believ$ by ! natives to be able to inflict disease & dea?1 cure all disord]s1 make kn[n di/ant & future ev5ts1 cause ra91 hail1 & tempe/s1 call up ! %ades ( ! dead1 put on ! =m ( tig]s1 h&le s]p5ts unh>m$1 c4 ,^! p[]s 7 imp>t$ by diabolical assi/ance1 & ,fa!r ,dobrizh(f] ?us describes ! mann] ( obta9+ !m3--#8,^? :o aspire to ! (fice ( juggl] are said to sit ^u an ag$ will[1 ov]hang+ "s lake1 & to ab/a9 f food = sev]al days1 till !y beg9 to see into futurity4 ,x always appe>$ probable to me t ^! rogues1 f long fa/+1 contract a weakness ( bra91 a gidd9ess1 & k9d ( delirium1 :i* makes !m imag9e t !y are gift$ ) sup]ior wisdom1 & give !mselves out = magicians4 ,!y impose ^u !mselves fir/1 & aft]w>ds ^u o!rs4'#iif ,! ,malay1 to make himself invuln]able1 retires = ?ree days to solitude & scanty food 9 ! jungle1 & if on ! ?ird day he dreams ( a beautiful _s desc5d+ to speak to him1 ! *>m is work$4#iig ,! ,zulu doctor qualifies himself = int]c\rse ) ! #8amadhlozi1' or gho/s1 f :om he is to obta9 direction 9 8 craft1 by sp>e ab/emi\s diet1 want1 suff]+1 ca/igation1 & solit>y w&]+1 till fa9t+ fits or coma br+ him into direct int]c\rse ) ! spirits4 ,^! native div9]s fa/ (t51 & are worn out by fa/+s1 sometimes ( sev]al days' duration1 :5 !y become p>tially or :olly ec/atic1 & see visions4 ,s ?or\ghly is ! connexion betwe5 fa/+ & spiritual int]c\rse ackn[l$g$ by ! ,zulus1 t x has become a say+ among !m1 #8,! cont9ually /uff$ body _c see secret ?+s4' ,!y h no fai? 9 a fat prophet4#iih ,! effects ?us look$ = & atta9$ by fa/+ among uncultur$ tribes cont9ue into ! mid/ ( advanc$ civilization4 ,no wond] t1 9 ! ,h9du tale1 k+ ,vasavadatta & 8 que5 aft] a solemn p5ance & a ?ree days' fa/ %\ld see ,siva 9 a dream & receive 8 graci\s tid+s2 no wond] t1 9 ! actual exp]i5ce ( to-day1 ! ,h9du yogi %\ld br+ on by fa/+ a /ate 9 :i* he c ) bodily eyes behold ! gods4#iii ,! ,greek oracle-prie/s recogniz$ fa/+ z a means ( br++ on prophetic dreams & visions2 ! ,py?ia ( ,delphi h]self fa/$ = inspiration2 ,gal5 rem>ks t fa/+ dreams are ! cle>]4#ajjj ,?r\gh aft] ages1 bo? cause & consequ5ce h held _! places 9 ,*ri/5dom4 ,?us ,mi*ael ! ,ar*angel1 ) sword 9 "r h& & scales 9 left1 appe>s to a c]ta9 prie/ ( ,siponte1 :o dur+ a twelvemon?'s c\rse ( pray] & fa/+ _h be5 ask+ if he w\ld h a temple built 9 8 hon\r3-- #8precibus jejunia longis ,addid]at1 totoque orans se afflix]at anno4'#ajja ,read+ ! n>ratives ( ! wondr\s sights se5 by ,/4 ,!resa & h] companions1 h[ ! sa9t w5t 9 _s into hell & saw ! d>kness & fire & unutt]able despair1 h[ %e _h (t5 by h] side h] good patrons ,pet] & ,paul1 h[ :5 %e 0 rais$ 9 rapture above ! grate at ! nunn]y :]e %e 0 to take ! sacram5t1 ,si/] ,m>y ,bapti/ & o!rs be+ pres5t1 !y saw an angel by h] ) a gold5 fi]y d>t at ! end :]e( 0 a little fire1 & he ?ru/ x ?r\gh h] he>t & b[els & pull$ !m out ) x1 leav+ h] :olly inflam$ ) a great love ( ,god--! mod]n read] naturally looks = details ( physical condition & habit ( life among ! si/]hood1 & z naturally f9ds t ,/4 ,!resa 0 ( morbid con/itution & subject to trances f h] *ildhood1 9 aft] life subdu+ h] fle% by long wat*+s & religi\s discipl9e1 & keep+ sev]e fa/ dur+ eight mon?s ( ! ye>4#ajjb ,x is ne$less to multiply su* m$ival records ( fa/s :i* h produc$ _! natural effects 9 beatific vision--are !y n writt5 page aft] page 9 ! huge folios ( ! ,boll&i/s8 ,s long z fa/+ is cont9u$ z a religi\s rite1 s long its consequ5ces 9 morbid m5tal exaltation w cont9ue ! old & savage doctr9e t morbid phantasy is sup]natural exp]i5ce4 ,bread & meat w\ld h robb$ ! ascetic ( _m an angel's visit2 ! op5+ ( ! refectory door mu/ _m a "t h clos$ ! gates ( heav5 to 8 gaze4 ,x is inde$ n ! complete !ory ( fa/+ z a religi\s rite1 b only an important & p]haps orig9al "p ( x1 t "h comes into view4 ,ab/95ce f food has a pr9cipal place among acts ( self-mortification or p5ance1 a prov9ce ( religi\s ord9ance into :i* ! pres5t argum5t sc>cely ent]s4 ,look+ at ! practice ( fa/+ "h f an animi/ic po9t ( view1 z a process ( br++ on dreams & visions1 x w be well to m5tion ) x c]ta9 o!r means by :i* ec/atic ph5om5a are habitually induc$4 ,"o ( ^! means is ! use ( drugs4 ,9 ! ,we/ ,india ,isl&s at ! "t ( ! discov]y1 ,columbus describes ! religi\s c]emony ( plac+ a platt] conta9+ #8cohoba' p[d] on ! head ( ! idol1 ! wor%ipp]s !n snuff+ up ?is p[d] ?r\gh a cane ) two bran*es put to ! nose4 ,pane fur!r describes h[ ! native prie/1 :5 br\ght to a sick man1 w\ld put himself 9 communication ) ! spirits by ?us snuff+ cohoba1 #8:i* makes him drunk1 t he kn[s n :at he does1 & s says _m extraord9>y ?+s1 :]e9 !y affirm t !y are talk+ ) ! cemis1 & t f !m x is told !m t ! infirmity came4' ,on ! ,amazons1 ! ,omaguas h cont9u$ to mod]n times ! use ( n>cotic plants1 produc+ an intoxication la/+ tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 dur+ :i* !y are subject to extraord9>y visions2 f "o ( ^! plants !y obta9 ! #8curupa' p[d] :i* !y snuff into _! no/rils ) a ,y-%ap$ re$4#ajjc ,"h ! simil> names & uses ( ! drug pla9ly %[ hi/orical connexion betwe5 ! ,omaguas & ! ,antilles isl&]s4 ,! ,cali=nian ,indians w\ld give *ildr5 n>cotic potions1 9 ord] to ga9 f ! ensu+ visions in=mation ab\t _! enemies2 & ?us ! ,mundrucus ( ,nor? ,brazil1 desir+ to discov] murd]]s1 w\ld adm9i/] su* dr9ks to se]s1 9 ^: dreams ! crim9als appe>$4#ajjd ,! ,d>i5 ,indians us$ ! se$s ( ! ,datura sangu9ea to br+ on 9 *ildr5 prophetic delirium1 9 :i* !y reveal$ hidd5 treasure4 ,9 ,p]u ! prie/s :o talk$ ) ! #8huaca' or feti%es us$ to ?r[ !mselves into an ec/atic condition by a n>cotic dr9k call$ #8tonca1' made f ! same plant1 :5ce its "n ( #8huacaca*a' or feti%-h]b4#ajje ,! ,mexican prie/s also appe> to h us$ an o9tm5t or dr9k made ) se$s ( #8ololiuhqui1' :i* produc$ delirium & visions4#ajjf ,9 bo? ,am]icas tobacco s]v$ = su* purposes4 ,x mu/ be notic$ t smok+ is m or less practis$ among native races to produce full intoxication1 ! smoke be+ swall[$ = ! purpose4 ,by smok+ tobacco1 ! sorc]]s ( ,brazilian tribes rais$ !mselves to ec/asy 9 _! convulsive orgies1 & saw spirits2 no wond] tobacco came to be call$ ! #8holy h]b4'#ajjg ,s ,nor? ,am]ican ,indians held intoxication by tobacco to be sup]natural ec/asy1 & ! dreams ( m5 9 ?is /ate to be inspir$4#ajjh ,?is idea may expla9 a rem>kable proce$+ ( ! ,delaw>e ,indians4 ,at _! fe/ival 9 hon\r ( ! ,fire-god ) 8 twelve att5dant manitus1 inside ! h\se ( sacrifice a small ov5-hut 0 set up1 consi/+ ( twelve poles ti$ toge!r at ! top & cov]$ ) blankets1 high en\gh = a man to /& ne>ly upright )9 x4 ,aft] ! fea/ ?is ov5 0 heat$ ) twelve r$-hot /ones1 & twelve m5 crept inside4 ,an old man ?rew twelve pipefulls ( tobacco on ^! /ones1 & :5 ! pati5ts _h borne to ! utmo/ ! heat & suffocat+ smoke1 !y 7 tak5 out1 g5]ally fall+ 9 a swoon4#ajji ,?is practice1 :i* 0 c>ri$ on 9 ! la/ c5tury1 is rem>kable = its co9cid5ce ) ! ,scy?ian mode ( purification aft] a fun]al1 z describ$ by ,h]odotus4 ,he relates t !y make _! hut ) ?ree /akes slop+ toge!r at ! top & cov]$ 9 ) wood5 felts2 !n !y ca/ r$-hot /ones into a tr\gh plac$ )9 & ?r[ hemp-se$ on !m1 :i* s5ds =? fumes su* z no ,greek vap\r-ba? c\ld exce$1 & ! ,scy?s 9 _! sweat+-hut ro> ) delight4#ajaj ,n to dwell on ! anci5t ,aryan deification ( an intoxicat+ dr9k1 ! orig9al ( ! div9e ,soma ( ! ,h9dus & ! div9e ,haoma ( ! ,p>sis1 nor on ! drunk5 orgies ( ! wor%ip ( ,dionysos 9 anci5t ,greece1 we f9d m exact ,old ,_w analogues ( ! ec/atic m$icam5ts us$ 9 ! l[] culture4 ,su* are ! decoctions ( ?alassgle :i* ,pl9y speaks ( z drunk to produce delirium & visions2 ! drugs m5tion$ by ,hesy*ius1 :]eby ,hekate 0 evok$2 ! m$ival wit*-o9tm5ts :i* br\ght vision>y be+s into ! pres5ce ( ! pati5t1 transport$ him to ! wit*es' sabba?1 enabl$ him to turn into a bea/4#ajaa ,! survival ( su* practices is mo/ ?or\gh among ! ,p]sian d]vi%es ( our own day4 ,^! my/ics are n only opium-eat]s1 l s l>ge a proportion ( _! c\ntrym52 !y are ha%i%-smok]s1 & ! effect ( ?is drug is to br+ !m into a /ate ( exaltation pass+ into utt] halluc9ation4 ,to a pati5t 9 ?is condition1 says ,dr4 ,polak1 a little /one 9 ! road w seem a great block t he mu/ /ride ov]2 a gutt] becomes a wide /ream to 8 eyes1 & he calls = a boat to f]ry him across2 m5's voices s\nd l ?und] 9 8 e>s2 he fancies he has w+s & c rise f ! gr\nd4 ,^! ec/atic effects1 9 :i* miracle is matt] ( h\rly exp]i5ce1 are consid]$ 9 ,p]sia z high religi\s developm5ts2 ! vision>ies & _! rites are look$ on z holy1 & !y make conv]ts4#ajab ,_m details ( ! production ( ec/asy & swoon by bodily ex]cises1 *ant+ & scream+1 c41 h be5 incid5tally giv5 9 describ+ ! doctr9e ( demoniacal possession4 ,i w only fur!r cite a few typical cases to %[ t ! practice ( br++ on swoons or fits by religi\s ex]cises1 9 reality or pret5ce1 is "o belong+ orig9ally to savag]y1 :5ce x has be5 cont9u$ into high] grades ( civilization4 ,we may judge ( ! m5tal & bodily condition ( ! prie/ or sorc]] 9 ,guyana1 by 8 prep>ation = 8 sacr$ (fice4 ,?is consi/$ 9 ! fir/ place 9 fa/+ & flagellation ( extreme sev]ity2 at ! end ( 8 fa/ he _h to dance till he fell s5seless1 & 0 reviv$ by a potion ( tobacco-juice caus+ viol5t nausea & vomit+ ( blood2 day aft] day ?is treatm5t 0 cont9u$ till ! c&idate1 br\ght into or confirm$ 9 ! condition ( a #8convulsion>y1' 0 ready to pass f pati5t into doctor4#ajac ,aga91 at ! ,w9nebago m$ic9e-fea/1 memb]s ( ! frat]nity assemble 9 a long ar*$ boo?1 & ) !m ! c&idates = initiation1 ^: prep>ation is a ?ree days' fa/1 ) sev]e sweat+ & /eam+ ) h]bs1 "u ! direction ( ! old m$ic9e-m54 ,! initiation is p]=m$ 9 ! assembly by a numb] ( m$ic9e-m54 ,^! advance 9 l9e1 z _m abrea/ z !re are c&idates2 hold+ _! m$ic9e-bags be=e !m ) bo? h&s1 !y dance =w>d sl[ly at fir/1 utt]+ l[ guttural s\nds z !y approa* ! c&idates1 _! /ep & voice increas+ 9 en]gy1 until ) a viol5t #8,ough6' !y ?ru/ _! m$ic9e-bags at _! brea/s4 ,in/antly1 z if /ruck ) an electric %ock1 ! c&idates fall pro/rate on _! faces1 _! limbs ext5d$1 _! muscles rigid & quiv]+4 ,blankets are n[ ?r[n ov] !m1 & !y are suff]$ to lie ?us a few mom5ts2 z soon z !y %[ signs ( recov]+ f ! %ock1 !y are assi/$ to _! feet & l$ =w>d4 ,m$ic9e-bags are !n put 9 _! h&s1 & m$ic9e-/ones 9 _! m\?s2 !y are n[ m$ic9e m5 or wom51 z ! case may be1 9 full communion & fell[%ip2 & !y n[ g r\nd ! b[] 9 company ) ! old memb]s1 knock+ o!rs d[n promiscu\sly by ?ru/+ _! m$ic9e-bags at !m4 ,a fea/ & dance to ! music ( drum & rattle c>ry on ! fe/ival4#ajad ,ano!r in/ance may be tak5 f among ! ,alfurus ( ,celebes1 invit+ ,empong ,lembej to desc5d into _! mid/4 ,! prie/s *ant1 ! *ief prie/ ) twit*+ & trembl+ limbs turns 8 eyes t[>ds heav52 ,lembej desc5ds into him1 & ) horrible ge/ures he spr+s ^u a bo>d1 beats ab\t ) a bundle ( leaves1 leaps & dances1 *ant+ leg5ds ( an anci5t deity4 ,aft] "s h\rs ano!r prie/ relieves him1 & s+s ( ano!r deity4 ,s x goes on day & night till ! fif? day1 & !n ! *ief prie/'s tongue is cut1 he falls into a swoon l dea?1 & !y cov] him up4 ,!y fumigate ) b5zo9 ! piece tak5 f 8 tongue1 & sw+ a c5s] ov] 8 body1 call+ back 8 s\l2 he revives & dances ab\t1 lively b spee*less1 till !y give him back ! re/ ( 8 tongue1 & ) x 8 p[] ( spee*4#ajae ,?us1 9 ! religion ( uncultur$ races1 ! ph5om5on ( be+ #8/ruck' holds s recognis$ a position t impo/ors w ev5 c\nt]feit x4 ,9 its morbid nature1 its g5u9e cases at lea/ pla9ly correspond ) ! fits :i* hi/ory records among ! convulsionnaires ( ,/4 ,m$>d & ! en?usia/s ( ! ,cev5nes4 ,nor ne$ we g ev5 a g5]ation back to see symptoms ( ! same type accept$ z signs ( grace among ourselves4 ,m$ical descriptions ( ! sc5es br\ght on by fanatical prea*]s at #8revivals' 9 ,engl&1 ,irel&1 & ,am]ica1 are full ( int]e/ to /ud5ts ( ! hi/ory ( religi\s rites4 ,i w b quote a s+le case4 #8,a "y woman is describ$ z ly+ ext5d$ at full l5g?2 h] eyes clos$1 h] h&s clasp$ & elevat$1 & h] body curv$ 9 a spasm s viol5t t x appe>$ to re/ ar*-l ^u h] heels & ! back portion ( h] head4 ,9 t position %e lay )\t spee* or motion = sev]al m9utes4 ,sudd5ly %e utt]$ a t]rific scream1 & tore h&fuls ( hair f h] uncov]$ head4 ,ext5d+ h] op5 h&s 9 a repell+ attitude ( ! mo/ appall+ t]ror1 %e exclaim$1 8,oh1 t fe>ful pit60 ,dur+ ?is p>oxysm ?ree /rong m5 7 h>dly able to re/ra9 h]4 ,%e ext5d$ h] arms on ei!r side1 clut*+ spasmodically at ! grass1 %udd]+ ) t]ror1 & %r9k+ f "s fe>ful inw>d vision2 b %e ultimately fell back exhau/$1 n]veless1 & app>5tly ins5sible4'#ajaf ,su* descriptions c>ry u f> back 9 ! hi/ory ( ! human m9d1 %[+ mod]n m5 /ill 9 ignorant s9c]ity produc+ ! v fits & swoons to :i* = untold ages savage tribes h giv5 religi\s import4 ,^! manife/ations 9 mod]n ,europe inde$ =m "p ( a revival ( religion1 ! religion ( m5tal disease4 ,f ?is s]ies ( rites1 practical ) (t5 h>mful practicality1 we turn to a gr\p ( c]emonies ^: *>act]i/ic is picturesque symbolism4 ,9 discuss+ sun-my? & sun-wor%ip1 x has come into view h[ deeply ! association 9 m5's m9d ( ! ea/ ) light & w>m?1 life & happ9ess & glory1 ( ! we/ ) d>kness & *ill1 dea? & decay1 has f remote ages root$ itself 9 religi\s belief4 ,x w illu/rate & confirm ?is view to obs]ve h[ ! same symbolism ( ea/ & we/ has tak5 %ape 9 actual c]emony1 giv+ rise to a s]ies ( practices conc]n+ ! po/ure ( ! dead 9 _! graves & ! liv+ 9 _! temples1 practices :i* may be class$ "u ! g5]al head+ ( ,ori5tation4 ,:ile ! sett+ sun has %[n to m51 f savage ages onw>d1 ! we/]n region ( dea?1 ! ris+ sun has display$ a sc5e m hopeful1 an ea/]n home ( deity4 ,x seems to be ! work+ out ( ! sol> analogy1 on ! "o h& 9 dea? z sunset1 on ! o!r 9 new life z sunrise1 t has produc$ two contra/$ rules ( burial1 :i* agree 9 plac+ ! dead 9 ! sun's pa?1 ! l9e ( ea/ & we/4 ,?us ! natives ( ,au/ralia h 9 "s di/ricts well-m>k$ ?\ghts ( ! we/]n l& ( ! dead1 yet ! cu/om ( bury+ ! dead sitt+ ) face to ! ea/ is also kn[n among !m4#ajag ,! ,samoans & ,fijians1 agree+ t ! l& ( ! dep>t$ lies 9 ! f> we/1 bury ! corpse ly+ ) head ea/ & feet we/2#ajah ! body w\ld b h to rise & walk /raight onw>d to foll[ its s\l home4 ,?is idea is /at$ explicitly among ! ,w9nebagos ( ,nor? ,am]ica2 !y w sometimes bury a dead man sitt+ up to ! brea/ 9 a hole 9 ! gr\nd1 look+ we/w>d2 or graves are dug ea/ & we/1 & ! bodies laid 9 !m ) ! head ea/w>d1 ) ! motive #8t !y may look t[>ds ! happy l& 9 ! we/4'#ajai ,) ^! cu/oms may be comp>$ ^? ( c]ta9 ,s\? ,am]ican tribes4 ,! ,yumanas bury _! dead b5t d\ble ) faces look+ t[>d ! heav5ly region ( ! sunrise1 ! home ( _! great good deity1 :o !y tru/ w take _! s\ls ) him to 8 dwell+2#ajbj ! ,gu>ayos bury ! corpses ) heads turn$ to ! ea/1 = x is 9 ! ea/]n sky t _! god ,tamoi1 ! ,anci5t ( ,heav51 has 8 happy hunt+-gr\nds :]e ! dead w meet aga94#ajba ,on ! o!r h& ! ,p]uvian cu/om 0 to place ! dead huddl$ up 9 a sitt+ po/ure & ) faces turn$ to ! we/4#ajbb ,b>b>ic ,asia may be repres5t$ by ! mod]n ,a9os ( ,yesso1 bury+ ! dead ly+ rob$ 9 :ite ) ! head to ! ea/1 #8because t is :]e ! sun rises2' or by ! ,tunguz :o bury ) ! head to ! we/2 or by ! m$ival ,tat>s1 rais+ a great m\nd ov] ! dead1 & sett+ up !reon a /atue ) face turn$ t[>d ! ea/1 hold+ a dr9k+-cup 9 8 h& be=e 8 navel2 or by ! mod]n ,siamese1 :o d n sleep ) _! heads to ! we/1 because x is 9 ?is significant position t ! dead are burn$4#ajbc ,! burial ( ! dead among ! anci5t ,greeks 9 ! l9e ( ea/ & we/1 :e!r accord+ to ,a!nian cu/om ( ! head t[>d ! sunset1 or ! conv]se1 is ano!r l9k 9 ! *a9 ( cu/om4#ajbd ,?us x is n to late & isolat$ fancy1 b to ! c>ry+ on ( anci5t & widespread sol> ideas1 t we trace ! well-kn[n leg5d t ! body ( ,*ri/ 0 laid ) ! head t[>d ! we/1 ?us look+ ea/w>d1 & ! ,*ri/ian usage ( digg+ graves ea/ & we/1 :i* prevail$ ?r\gh m$ival times & is n yet =gott54 ,! rule ( lay+ ! head to ! we/1 & its mean+ t ! dead %all rise look+ t[>d ! ea/1 are p]fectly /at$ 9 ! foll[+ passage f an ecclesia/ical treatise ( ! #af? c5tury3 #8,debet autem quis sic sepeliri1 ut capite ad occid5tem posito1 p$es dirigat ad ori5tem1 9 quo quasi ipsa positione orat3 et innuit quod promptus e/1 ut de occasu fe/9et ad ortum3 de mundo ad seculum4'#ajbe ,:]e among ! l[] races sun-wor%ip beg9s to consolidate itself 9 sy/ematic ritual1 ! ori5tation ( ! wor%ipp] & ! temple becomes usual & di/9ct4 ,! sun-wor%ipp+ ,coman*es1 prep>+ = ! w>-pa?1 w place _! weapons betimes on ! ea/ side ( ! lodge to receive ! sun's fir/ rays2 x is a remnant ( old sol> rite1 t ! ,*ri/ianiz$ ,pueblo ,indians ( ,new ,mexico turn to ! sun at 8 ris+4#ajbf ,x has be5 already notic$ h[ 9 old times ea* morn+ at sunrise ! ,sun-*ief ( ! ,nat*ez ( ,l\isiana /ood fac+ ! ea/ at ! door ( 8 h\se1 & smok$ t[>d ! sun fir/1 be=e he turn$ to ! o!r ?ree qu>t]s ( ! _w4#ajbg ,! cave-temple ( ! sun-wor%ipp+ ,apala*es ( ,florida _h its op5+ look+ ea/1 & )9 /ood ! prie/s on fe/ival days at dawn1 wait+ till ! fir/ rays ent]$ to beg9 ! appo9t$ rites ( *ant & inc5se & (f]+4#ajbh ,9 old ,mexico1 :]e sun-wor%ip 0 ! c5tral doctr9e ( ! complex religion1 m5 knelt 9 pray] t[>ds ! ea/1 & ! doors ( ! sanctu>ies look$ mo/ly we/w>d4#ajbi ,x 0 *>act]i/ic ( ! sol> wor%ip ( ,p]u t ev5 ! villages 7 habitually built on slopes t[>d ! ea/1 t ! p might see & greet ! national deity at 8 ris+4 ,9 ! temple ( ! sun at ,cuzco1 8 spl5did gold5 disc on ! we/]n wall look$ out ?r\gh ! ea/]n door1 s t z he rose 8 fir/ beams fell ^u x1 reflect$ !nce to light up ! sanctu>y4#ajcj ,9 ,asia1 ! anci5t ,aryan religion ( ! sun manife/s itself n less pla9ly 9 rites ( ori5tation4 ,!y h _! place 9 ! we>y c]emonial r\t9e :i* ! ,brahman mu/ daily accompli%4 ,:5 he has p]=m$ ! dawn ablution1 & m$itat$ on ! effulg5t sun-light :i* is ,brahma1 ! supreme s\l1 he proce$s to wor%ip ! sun1 /&+ on "o foot & re/+ ! o!r aga9/ 8 ankle or heel1 look+ t[>d ! ea/1 & hold+ 8 h&s op5 be=e him 9 a holl[ =m4 ,at noon1 :5 he has aga9 ador$ ! sun1 x is sitt+ ) 8 face to ! ea/ t he mu/ read 8 daily portion ( ! ,v$a2 x is look+ t[>d ! ea/ t 8 (f]+ ( b>ley & wat] mu/ be fir/ pres5t$ to ! gods1 be=e he turns to nor? & s\?2 x is ) fir/ & pr9cipal direction to ! ea/ t ! consecration ( ! fire & ! sacrificial implem5ts1 a c]emony :i* is ! gr\ndwork ( all 8 religi\s acts1 has to be p]=m$4#ajca ,! significance ( su* rev]5ce paid by ador]s ( ! sun to ! glori\s ea/]n region ( 8 ris+1 may be height5$ to u by sett+ beside x a c]emony ( a d>k] fai?1 display+ ! awe-/ruck horror ( ! we/]n home ( dea?4 ,! anti!sis to ! ea/w>d consecration by ! or?odox ,brahmans is ! we/w>d consecration by ! ,?ugs1 wor%ipp]s ( ,kali ! dea?-goddess4 ,9 hon\r ( ,kali _! victims 7 murd]$1 & to h] ! sacr$ pickaxe 0 consecrat$1 :]e) ! graves ( ! sla9 7 dug4 ,at ! "t ( ! suppression ( ,?uggee1 ,engli%m5 _h ! consecration ( ! pickaxe p]=m$ 9 make-believe 9 _! pres5ce by ^? :o well knew ! d>k ritual4 ,on ! dreadful implem5t no %ad[ ( any liv+ ?+ mu/ fall1 its consecrator sits fac+ ! we/ to p]=m ! f\rfold wa%+ & ! sev5fold pass+ ?r\gh ! fire1 & !n x be+ prov$ duly consecrat$ by ! om5 ( ! coco-nut divid$ at a s+le cut1 x is plac$ on ! gr\nd1 & ! by/&]s wor%ip x1 turn+ to ! we/4#ajcb ,^! two contra/$ rites ( ea/ & we/ e/abli%$ !mselves & /ill rema9 e/abli%$ 9 mod]n ,european religion4 ,9 judg+ ( ! c\rse ( hi/ory t has br\ght ab\t ?is /ate ( ?+s1 x sc>cely seems t ,jewi% influ5ce 0 effective4 ,! ,jewi% temple _h ! entrance 9 ! ea/1 & ! sanctu>y 9 ! we/4 ,sun-wor%ip 0 an abom9ation to ! ,jews1 & ! ori5tation especially belong+ to x appe>s z utt]ly oppos$ to ,jewi% usage1 9 ,ezekiel's horror-/rick5 vision3 #8&1 behold1 at ! door ( ! temple ( ,jehovah1 betwe5 ! por* & ! alt>1 ab\t five-&-tw5ty m51 ) _! backs t[>d ! temple ( ,jehovah1 & _! faces t[>d ! ea/1 & !y wor%ipp$ ! sun t[>d ! ea/4'#ajcc ,nor is !re reason to suppose t 9 lat] ages su* ori5tation ga9$ gr\nd 9 ,jewi% c]emony4 ,! sol> rites ( o!r nations ^: ideas 7 prom95t 9 ! e>ly developm5t ( ,*ri/ianity1 are suffici5t to acc\nt = ! rise ( ,*ri/ian ori5tation4 ,on ! "o h& !re 0 ! ,asiatic sun-wor%ip1 p]haps specially relat$ to ! v5]ation ( ! ris+ sun 9 old ,p]sian religion1 & :i* has left relics 9 ! ea/ ( ! ,turki% empire into mod]n ye>s2 ,*ri/ian sects pray+ t[>d ! sun1 & ,yezidis turn+ to ! ea/ z _! kibleh & bury+ _! dead look+ ?i!r4#ajcd ,on ! o!r h&1 ori5tation 0 recogniz$ 9 classic ,greek religion1 n inde$ 9 slavi% ob$i5ce to a uni=m law1 b z a pr9ciple to be work$ out 9 conv]se ways4 ,?us x 0 an ,a!nian practice = ! temple to h its entrance ea/1 look+ out ?r\gh :i* ! div9e image /ood to behold ! ris+ sun4 ,?is rule x is t ,lucian ref]s to1 :5 he talks ( ! delight ( gaz+ t[>d ! lovelie/ & mo/ long$-= ( ! day1 ( welcom+ ! sun z he peeps =?1 ( tak+ "o's fill ( light ?r\gh ! wide-op5 doors1 ev5 z ! anci5ts built _! temples look+ =?4 ,nor 0 ! contr>y rule z /at$ by ,vitruvius less pla9 9 mean+2 ! sacr$ h\ses ( ! immortal gods %all be s arrang$1 t if no reason prev5ts & *oice is free1 ! temple & ! /atue erect$ 9 ! cell %all look t[>d ! we/1 s t !y :o approa* ! alt> to sacrifice & v[ & pray may look at once t[>d ! /atue & ! ea/]n sky1 ! div9e figures ?us seem+ to arise & look ^u !m4 ,alt>s ( ! gods 7 to /& t[>d ! ea/4#ajce ,unkn[n 9 primitive ,*ri/ianity1 ! c]emony ( ori5tation 0 develop$ )9 its fir/ f\r c5turies4 ,x became an accept$ cu/om to turn 9 pray] t[>d ! ea/1 ! my/ic region ( ! ,light ( ! ,_w1 ! ,sun ( ,righte\sness4 ,augu/9e says1 #8,:5 we /& at pray]1 we turn to ! ea/1 :]e ! heav5 arises1 n z ?\gh ,god 7 only !re1 & _h =sak5 all o!r p>ts ( ! _w1 b to admoni% our m9d to turn to a m excell5t nature1 t is1 to ! ,"l4' ,no wond] t ! e>ly ,*ri/ians 7 ?\ght to practise 9 sub/ance ! rite ( sun-wor%ip :i* !y practis$ 9 =m4 ,?us ,t]tullian writes3 #8,o!rs inde$ ) great] tru? & v]isimilitude believe ! sun to be our ,god 444 ! suspicion aris+ f its be+ kn[n t we pray t[>d ! region ( ! ea/4' ,?\gh "s ( ! mo/ anci5t & hon\r$ *ur*es ( ,*ri/5dom /& to %[ t ori5tation 0 no orig9al law ( ecclesia/ical ar*itecture1 yet x became dom9ant 9 e>ly c5turies4 ,t ! au?or ( ! #8,apo/olical ,con/itutions' %\ld be able to give directions = build+ *ur*es t[>d ! ea/ 7 1 ' 71 j z ,vitruvius _h laid d[n ! rule z to ! temples ( ! gods1 is only a "p ( t assimilation ( ! *ur* to ! temple :i* took effect s l>gely 9 ! s*eme ( wor%ip4 ,( all ,*ri/ian c]emony1 h[ev]1 x 0 9 ! rite ( baptism t ori5tation took its fulle/ & mo/ picturesque =m4 ,! cate*um5 0 plac$ ) face t[>d ! we/1 & !n comm&$ to r5\nce ,satan ) ge/ures ( abhorr5ce1 /ret*+ out 8 h&s aga9/ him1 or smit+ !m toge!r1 & bl[+ or spitt+ aga9/ him ?rice4 ,cyril ( ,j]usalem1 9 8 #8,my/agogic ,cate*ism1' ?us depicts ! sc5e3 #8,ye fir/ came into ! ante-room ( ! bapti/]y1 & /&+ t[>d ! we/ 7 7 ye 7 comm&$ to put away ,satan1 /ret*+ out y\r h&s z ?\gh he 7 pres5t4444 ,& :y did ye /& t[>d ! we/8 ,x 0 ne$ful1 = sunset is ! type ( d>kness1 & he is d>kness & has 8 /r5g? 9 d>kness2 !re=e symbolically look+ t[>d ! we/ ye r5\nce t d>k & gloomy rul]4' ,!n turn+ r\nd to ! ea/1 ! cate*um5 took up 8 allegiance to 8 new ma/]1 ,*ri/4 ,! c]emony & its significance are cle>ly set =? by ,j]ome1 ?us3 #8,9 ! my/]ies mean+ baptism we fir/ r5\nce him :o is 9 ! we/1 & dies to u ) our s9s2 & s1 turn+ to ! ea/1 we make a cov5ant ) ! ,sun ( righte\sness1 promis+ to be 8 s]vants4'#ajcf ,?is p]fect d\ble rite ( ea/ & we/1 reta9$ 9 ! baptismal c]emony ( ! ,greek ,*ur*1 may be se5 9 ,russia to ?is day4 ,! ori5tation ( *ur*es & ! practice ( turn+ to ! ea/ z an act ( wor%ip1 are common to bo? ,greek & ,lat9 ritual4 ,9 our own c\ntry !y decl9$ f ! ,re=mation1 till at ! beg9n+ ( ! #ai? c5tury !y seem$ fall+ out ( use2 s9ce !n1 h[ev]1 !y h be5 re/or$ to a c]ta9 prom95ce by ! reviv$ m$ivalism ( our own day4 ,to ! /ud5t ( hi/ory1 x is a /rik+ example ( ! connexion ( ?\ght & c]emony ?r\gh ! religions ( ! l[] & high] culture1 to see surviv+ 9 our mid/1 ) mean+ dw9dl$ into symbolism1 ?is anci5t sol> rite4 ,! influ5ce ( ! div9e ,sun ^u 8 rude & anci5t wor%ipp]s /ill subsi/s be=e our eyes z a me*anical =ce1 act+ diamagnetically to adju/ ! axis ( ! *ur* & turn ! body ( ! wor%ipp]4 ,! la/ gr\p ( rites ^: c\rse ?r\gh religi\s hi/ory is to be outl9$ "h1 takes 9 ! v>i$ dramatic acts ( c]emonial purification ( ,lu/ration4 ,) all ! obscurity & intricacy due to age-long modification1 ! primitive ?\ght :i* und]lies ^! c]emonies is /ill op5 to view4 ,x is ! transition f practical to symbolic cleans+1 f removal ( bodily impurity to deliv]ance f invisible1 spiritual1 & at la/ moral evil4 ,our language foll[s ?is ideal movem5t to its utmo/ /ret*1 :]e su* words z cleans+ & purification h pass$ f _! fir/ mat]ial mean+1 to signify removal ( c]emonial contam9ation1 legal guilt1 & moral s94 ,:at we ?us express 9 metaphor1 ! m5 ( ! l[] culture began e>ly to act 9 c]emony1 purify+ p]sons & objects by v>i\s prescrib$ rites1 especially by dipp+ !m 9 & spr9kl+ !m ) wat]1 or fumigat+ !m ) & pass+ !m ?r\gh fire4 ,x is ! pla9e/ pro( ( ! orig9al practicality ( proce$+s n[ pass$ into =malism1 to po9t out h[ f> ! c]emonial lu/rations /ill keep _! connexion ) times ( life :5 real purification is necess>y1 h[ f> !y /ill consi/ 9 =mal cleans+ ( ! new-born *ild & ! "m1 ( ! man-slay] :o has %$ blood1 or ! m\rn] :o has t\*$ a corpse4 ,9 /udy+ ! di/ribution ( ! =ms ( lu/ration among ! races ( ! _w1 :ile all[+ = ! l>ge effect ( _! transmission f religion to religion1 & f nation to nation1 we may judge t _! div]sity ( detail & purpose sc>cely fav\rs a !ory ( _! be+ all hi/orically d]iv$ f "o or ev5 sev]al special religions ( ! anci5t _w4 ,!y seem m l>gely to exemplify indep5d5t work+ out1 9 diff]5t directions1 ( an idea common to mank9d at l>ge4 ,?is view may be ju/ifi$ by survey+ lu/ration ?r\gh a s]ies ( typical in/ances1 :i* %[ its appe>ance & "* 9 savage & b>b>ic culture1 z be+ an act belong+ to c]ta9 well-m>k$ ev5ts ( human life4 ,! purification ( ! new-born *ild appe>s among ! l[] races 9 v>i\s =ms1 b p]haps 9 "s p>ticul> in/ances borr[$ f ! high]4 ,x %\ld be notic$ t ?\gh ! nam+ ( ! *ild is (t5 associat$ ) its c]emonial cleans+1 !re is no real connexion betwe5 ! two rites1 beyond _! com+ due at ! same e>ly "t ( life4 ,to ^? :o look = ! matt]-(-fact orig9 ( su* c]emonies1 "o ( ! mo/ sugge/ive ( ! acc\nts available is a simple m5tion ( ! two necess>y acts ( wa%+ & "n-giv+1 z done toge!r 9 m]e practical purpose1 b n z yet pass$ into =mal c]emony--! ,ki*tak ,isl&]s1 x is rem>k$1 at bir? wa% ! *ild1 & give x a "n4#ajcg ,among ! ,yumanas ( ,brazil1 z soon z ! *ild c sit up1 x is spr9kl$ ) a decoction ( c]ta9 h]bs1 & receives a "n :i* has belong$ to an ance/or4#ajch ,among "s ,jakun tribes ( ! ,malay ,p59sula1 z soon z ! *ild is born x is c>ri$ to ! ne>e/ /ream & wa%$2 x is !n br\ght back to ! h\se1 ! fire is k9dl$1 & fragrant wood ?r[n on1 ov] :i* x is pass$ sev]al times4#ajci ,! ,new ,zeal&]s' infant baptism is no new practice1 & is consid]$ by !m an old traditional rite1 b no?+ v simil> is obs]v$ among o!r bran*es ( ! ,polynesian race4 ,:e!r indep5d5tly inv5t$ or n1 x 0 ?or\ghly work$ into ! native religi\s s*eme4 ,! baptism 0 p]=m$ on ! eigh? day or e>li]1 at ! side ( a /ream or else:]e1 by a native prie/ :o spr9kl$ wat] on ! *ild ) a bran* or twig2 sometimes ! *ild 0 imm]s$4 ,) ?is lu/ration x receiv$ its "n1 ! prie/ repeat+ a li/ ( ance/ral names till ! *ild *ose "o = itself by sneez+ at x4 ,! c]emony 0 ( ! nature ( a d$ication1 & 0 accompani$ by rhy?mical =mulas ( exhortation4 ,! future w>rior 0 bidd5 to flame ) ang]1 to leap nimbly & w>d (f ! spe>s1 to be angry & bold & indu/ri\s1 to "w be=e ! dew is (f ! gr\nd2 ! future h\sewife 0 bidd5 to get food & g = firewood & weave g>m5ts ) pant+ ( brea?4 ,9 aft] ye>s1 a second sacr$ spr9kl+ 0 p]=m$ to admit a lad into ! rank ( w>riors4 ,x has to be notic$ ) ref]5ce to ! reason ( ?is c]emonial wa%+1 t a new-born *ild is 9 ! highe/ degree tapu1 & may only be t\*$ by a few special p]sons till ! re/riction is remov$4#ajdj ,9 ,madagasc>1 a fire is kept up 9 ! room = sev]al days1 !n ! *ild 9 its be/ clo!s is 9 due =m c>ri$ out ( ! h\se & back to its "m1 bo? times be+ c>efully lift$ ov] ! fire1 :i* is made ne> ! door4#ajda ,9 ,africa1 "s ( ! mo/ noticeable c]emonies ( ! class are ^!4 ,! p ( ,s>ac wa% ! *ild ?ree days aft] bir? ) holy wat]4#ajdb ,:5 a ,m&+o *ild 0 ab\t a week old its hair 0 cut1 & ! prie/1 invok+ bless+s1 took x 9 8 arms1 :isp]$ 9 its e>1 spat ?rice 9 its face1 & pron\nc$ its "n al\d be=e ! assembl$ company4#ajdc ,9 ,gu9ea1 :5 a *ild is born1 ! ev5t is publicly proclaim$1 ! new-born babe is br\ght into ! /reets1 & ! headman ( ! t[n or family spr9kles x ) wat] f a bas91 giv+ x a "n & invok+ bless+s ( heal? & weal? ^u x2 o!r fri5ds foll[ ! example1 till ! *ild is ?or\ghly dr5*$4#ajdd ,9 ^! v>i\s examples ( lu/ration ( infants1 ! purifications by fire h especial importance e?nologically1 n because ?is proce$+ is m natural to ! savage m9d ?an t ( ba?+ or spr9kl+ ) wat]1 b because ?is latt] c]emony may sometimes h be5 imitat$ f ,*ri/ian baptism4 ,! fact ( savage & b>b>ic lu/ration ( infants be+ 9 sev]al cases associat$ ) ! belief 9 re-bir? ( ance/ral s\ls seems to m>k ! rite z belong+ to remote pre-,*ri/ian ages4#ajde ,! purification ( wom5 at *ildbir?1 c41 is c]emonially practis$ by ! l[] races "u circum/ances :i* d n sugge/ adoption f m civiliz$ nations4 ,! seclusion & lu/ration among ,nor? ,am]ican ,indian tribes h be5 comp>$ ) ^? ( ! ,levitical law1 b ! resemblance is n rem>kably close1 & belongs r to a /age ( civilization ?an to ! ord9ance ( a p>ticul> nation4 ,x is a good case ( indep5d5t developm5t 9 su* cu/oms1 t ! rite ( putt+ out ! fires & k9dl+ #8new fire' on ! woman's return is common to ! ,iroquois & ,si\x 9 ,nor? ,am]ica1#ajdf & ! ,basutos 9 ,s\? ,africa4 ,^! latt] h a well-m>k$ rite ( lu/ration by spr9kl+1 p]=m$ on girls at womanhood4#ajdg ,! ,hott5tots consid]$ "m & *ild unclean till !y _h be5 wa%$ & sme>$ aft] ! uncleanly native fa%ion4#ajdh ,lu/rations ) wat] 7 usual 9 ,we/ ,africa4#ajdi ,tat> tribes 9 ,mongolia us$ ba?+1 :ile 9 ,sib]ia ! cu/om ( leap+ ov] a fire answ]$ ! purpose ( purification4#ajej ,! ,mantras ( ! ,malay ,p59sula h made ! ba?+ ( ! "m aft] *ildbir? into a c]emonial ord9ance4#ajea ,x is s among ! indig5es ( ,india1 :]e bo? 9 nor!rn & s\!rn di/ricts ! nam+ ( ! *ild comes into connexion ) ! purification ( ! "m1 bo? c]emonies be+ p]=m$ on ! same day4#ajeb ,)\t ext5d+ fur!r ?is li/ ( in/ances1 x is suffici5tly pla9 t we h be=e u ! record ( a practical cu/om becom+ consecrat$ by traditional habit1 & mak+ its way into ! range ( religi\s c]emony4 ,mu* ! same may be said ( ! purification ( savage & b>b>ic races on occasion ( contam9ation by blood%$ or fun]al4 ,9 ,nor? ,am]ica1 ! ,dacotas use ! vap\r-ba? n only z a rem$y1 b also = ! removal ( c]emonial uncleanness1 su* z is caus$ by kill+ a p]son1 or t\*+ a dead body4#ajec ,s among ! ,navajos1 ! man :o has be5 deput$ to c>ry a dead body to burial1 holds himself unclean until he has ?or\ghly wa%$ himself 9 wat] prep>$ = ! purpose by c]ta9 c]emonies4#ajed ,9 ,madagasc>1 no "o :o has att5d$ a fun]al may ent] ! palace c\rty>d till he has ba!d1 & 9 all cases !re mu/ be an ablution ( ! m\rn]'s g>m5ts on return+ f ! grave4#ajee ,among ! ,basutos ( ,s\? ,africa1 w>riors return+ f battle mu/ rid !mselves ( ! blood !y h %$1 or ! %ades ( _! victims w\ld pursue !m & di/urb _! sleep4 ,!re=e !y g 9 procession 9 full arm\r to ! ne>e/ /ream to wa%1 & _! weapons are wa%$ also4 ,x is usual 9 ?is c]emony = a sorc]] high] up ! /ream to put 9 "s magical +r$i5t1 su* z he also uses 9 ! prep>ation ( ! holy wat] :i* is spr9kl$ ov] ! p ) a bea/'s tail at ! frequ5t public purifications4 ,^! ,basutos1 moreov]1 use fumigation ) burn+ wood to purify gr[+ corn1 & cattle tak5 f ! enemy4 ,fire s]ves = purification 9 cases too trifl+ to require sacrifice2 ?us :5 a "m sees h] *ild walk ov] a grave1 %e ha/5s to call x1 makes x /& be=e h]1 & lights a small fire at its feet4#ajef ,! ,zulus1 ^: horror ( a dead body w induce !m to ca/ out & leave 9 ! woods _! sick p1 at lea/ /rang]s1 purify !mselves by an ablution aft] a fun]al4 ,x is to be notic$ t ^! c]emonial practices h come to mean some?+ di/9ct f m]e cleanl9ess4 ,kaffirs :o w purify !mselves f c]emonial uncleanness by wa%+1 are n 9 ! habit ( wa%+ !mselves or _! vessels = ord9>y purposes1 & ! dogs & ! cockroa*es divide betwe5 !m ! duty ( clean+ out ! milk-baskets4#ajeg ,m$ival ,tat> tribes1 "s ( :om _h consci5ti\s scruples aga9/ ba?+1 h f\nd pass+ ?r\gh fire or betwe5 two fires a suffici5t purification1 & ! h\sehold /uff ( ! dead 0 lu/rat$ 9 ?is latt] way4#ajeh ,9 ! organis$ nations ( ! semi-civiliz$ & civiliz$ _w1 :]e religion %apes itself into elaborate & sy/ematic s*emes1 ! practices ( lu/ration famili> to ! l[] culture n[ become "p ( /r+5t c]emonial sy/ems4 ,x seems to be at ?is /age ( _! exi/5ce t !y (t5 take up 9 addition to _! e>li] c]emonial significance an e?ical mean+1 abs5t or all b abs5t f !m at _! fir/ appe>ance above ! religi\s horizon4 ,?is w be made evid5t by glanc+ ov] ! ord9ances ( lu/ration 9 ! great national religions ( hi/ory4 ,x w be well to notice fir/ ! usages ( two semi-civiliz$ nations ( ,am]ica1 :i* ?\gh !y h sc>cely produc$ practical effect on civilization at l>ge1 give valuable illu/ration ( a transition p]iod 9 culture1 leav+ ap>t ! obscure "q ( _! special civilization hav+ be5 influ5c$ 9 e>ly or late times f ! ,old ,_w4 ,9 ! religion ( ,p]u1 lu/ration is well-m>k$ & *>act]i/ic4 ,on ! day ( bir?1 ! wat] 9 :i* ! *ild has be5 wa%$ 0 p\r$ into a hole 9 ! gr\nd1 *>ms be+ repeat$ by a wiz>d or prie/2 an excell5t in/ance ( ! c]emonial wa%+ away ( evil influ5ces4 ,! nam+ ( ! *ild 0 also m or less g5]ally accompani$ ) c]emonial wa%+1 z 9 di/ricts :]e at two ye>s old x 0 wean$1 baptiz$1 _h its hair c]emonially cut ) a /one knife1 & receiv$ its *ild-"n2 ,p]uvian ,indians /ill cut (f a lock ( ! *ild's hair at its baptism4 ,moreov]1 ! significance ( lu/ration z remov+ guilt is pla9ly record$ 9 anci5t ,p]u2 aft] confession ( guilt1 an ,inca ba!d 9 a neighb\r+ riv] & repeat$ ?is =mula1 #8,o ?\ ,riv]1 receive ! s9s ,i h ?is day confess$ unto ! ,sun1 c>ry !m d[n to ! sea1 & let !m nev] m appe>4'#ajei ,9 old ,mexico1 ! fir/ act ( c]emonial lu/ration took place at bir?4 ,! nurse wa%$ ! infant 9 ! "n ( ! wat]-goddess1 to remove ! impurity ( its bir?1 to cleanse its he>t & give x a good & p]fect life2 !n bl[+ on wat] 9 h] "r h& %e wa%$ x aga91 w>n+ x ( =?com+ trials & mis]ies & lab\rs1 & pray+ ! invisible ,deity to desc5d ^u ! wat]1 to cleanse ! *ild f s9 & f\lness1 & to deliv] x f mis=tune4 ,! second act took place "s f\r days lat]1 unless ! a/rolog]s po/pon$ x4 ,at a fe/ive ga!r+1 amid fires kept alight f ! fir/ c]emony1 ! nurse undress$ ! *ild s5t by ! gods into ?is sad & doleful _w1 bade x receive ! life-giv+ wat]1 & wa%$ x1 driv+ out evil f ea* limb & (f]+ to ! deities appo9t$ pray]s = virtue & bless+4 ,x 0 !n t ! toy in/rum5ts ( w> or craft or h\sehold lab\r 7 plac$ 9 ! boy's or girl's h& 7a cu/om s+ul>ly correspond+ ) "o usual 9 ,*9a71 & ! o!r *ildr51 in/ruct$ by _! p>5ts1 gave ! newcom] its *ild-"n1 "h aga9 to be replac$ by ano!r at manhood or womanhood4 ,!re is no?+ unlikely 9 ! /atem5t t ! *ild 0 also pass$ f\r times ?r\gh ! fire1 b ! au?ority ?is is giv5 on is n suffici5t4 ,! religi\s "* ( ablution is well %[n 9 ,mexico by its =m+ "p ( ! daily s]vice ( ! prie/s4 ,aztec life end$ z x _h begun1 ) c]emonial lu/ration2 x 0 "o ( ! fun]al c]emonies to spr9kle ! head ( ! corpse ) ! lu/ral wat] ( ?is life4#ajfj ,among ! nations ( ,ea/ ,asia1 & across ! m civiliz$ ,turanian di/ricts ( ,c5tral ,asia1 c]emonial lu/ration comes frequ5tly into notice2 b x w\ld (t5 br+ 9 difficult po9ts ( e?nography to attempt a g5]al judgm5t h[ f> ^! may be native local rites1 & h[ f> c]emonies adopt$ f =eign religi\s sy/ems4 ,z examples may be m5tion$ 9 ,japan ! spr9kl+ & nam+ ( ! *ild at a mon? old1 & o!r lu/rations connect$ ) wor%ip2#ajfa 9 ,*9a ! religi\s c]emony at ! fir/ wa%+ ( ! ?ree days' old infant1 ! lift+ ( ! bride ov] burn+ coals1 ! spr9kl+ ( holy-wat] ov] sacrifices & rooms & on ! m\rn]s aft] a fun]al2#ajfb 9 ,burma ! purification ( ! "m by fire1 & ! annual spr9kl+-fe/ival4#ajfc ,)9 ! range ( ,buddhism 9 its ,lamai/ =m1 we f9d su* in/ances z ! ,tibetan & ,mongol lu/ration ( ! *ild a few days aft] bir?1 ! lama bless+ ! wat] & imm]s+ ! *ild ?rice1 & giv+ its "n2 ! ,buraet consecration by ?reefold wa%+2 ! ,tibetan c]emony :]e ! m\rn]s return+ f ! fun]al /& be=e ! fire1 wa% _! h&s ) w>m wat] ov] ! hot coals1 & fumigate !mselves ?rice ) prop] =mulas4#ajfd ,) ?is infant baptism ( ,tibetans & ,mongols may be comp>$ ! rite ( _! e?nological k9sfolk 9 ,europe4 ,! ,lapps 9 _! semi-,*ri/ianiz$ /ate _h a =m ( baptism1 9 :i* a new "n1 t ( ! deceas$ ance/or :o w\ld live aga9 9 ! *ild1 z ! "m 0 spiritually in=m$ 9 a dream1 0 giv5 ) a ?reefold spr9kl+ & wa%+ ) w>m wat] :]e my/ic ald]-twigs 7 put4 ,?is c]emony1 ?\gh call$ by ! ,sc&9avian "n ( #8laugo' or ba?1 0 di/9ct f ! ,*ri/ian baptism to :i* ! ,lapps also con=m$4#ajfe ,! natural e?nographic explanation ( ^! two baptismal c]emonies exi/+ toge!r 9 ,nor!rn ,europe1 is t ,*ri/ianity _h br\ght 9 a new rite1 )\t displac+ a previ\s native "o4 ,o!r ,asiatic di/ricts %[ lu/ration 9 m compact & *>act]i/ic religi\s developm5ts4 ,! ,brahman leads a life m>k$ by recurr+ c]emonial purification1 f ! "t :5 8 fir/ appe>ance 9 ! _w br+s uncleanness on ! h\sehold1 requir+ ablution & clean g>m5ts to remove x1 & !nce=? ?r\gh 8 ye>s f y\? to old age1 :]e ba?+ is a ma9 "p ( ! long m9ute c]emonial ( daily wor%ip1 & fur!r wa%+s & asp]sions ent] into m solemn religi\s acts1 till at la/ ! day comes :5 8 k9sfolk1 on _! way home f 8 fun]al1 cleanse !mselves by a f9al ba? f _! contam9ation by 8 rema9s4 ,= ! means ( "s ( 8 multif>i\s lu/rations ! ,h9du has rec\rse to ! sacr$ c[1 b 8 m frequ5t m$ium ( remov+ uncleanness ( body & s\l is wat]1 ! div9e wat]s to :i* he prays1 #8,take away1 ,o ,wat]s1 :atsoev] is wick$ 9 me1 :at ,i h done by viol5ce or curse1 & untru?6'#ajff ,! ,p>si religion prescribes a sy/em ( lu/rations :i* well %[s its common orig9 ) t ( ,h9duism by its simil> use ( c['s ur9e & ( wat]4 ,ba?+ or spr9kl+ ) wat]1 or applications ( #8nirang' wa%$ (f ) wat]1 =m "p ( ! daily religi\s rites1 z well z ( su* special c]emonies z ! nam+ ( ! new-born *ild1 ! putt+ on ( ! sacr$ cord1 ! purification ( ! "m aft] *ildbir?1 ! purification ( him :o has t\*$ a corpse1 :5 ! unclean demon1 driv5 by spr9kl+ ( ! good wat] f ! top ( ! head & f limb to limb1 comes =? at ! left toe & dep>ts l a fly to ! evil region ( ! nor?4 ,x is1 p]haps1 ! influ5ce ( ?is ance/ral religion1 ev5 m ?an ! actual laws ( ,islam1 t makes ! mod]n ,p]sian s /rik+ an example ( ! way 9 :i* c]emony may ov]ride reality4 ,x is r 9 =m ?an 9 fact t 8 cleanl9ess is next to godl9ess4 ,he c>ries ! pr9ciple ( remov+ legal uncleanness by ablution s f>1 t a holy man w wa% 8 eyes :5 !y h be5 pollut$ by ! sight ( an infidel4 ,he w c>ry ab\t a wat]-pot ) a long sp\t = 8 ablutions1 yet he depopulates ! l& by 8 neglect ( ! simple/ sanit>y rules1 & he may be se5 by ! side ( ! little tank :]e scores ( p h be5 9 be=e him1 oblig$ to cle> ) 8 h& a space 9 ! f\l scum on ! wat]1 be=e he plunges 9 to obta9 c]emonial purity4#ajfg ,ov] aga9/ ! ,aryan rites ( lu/ration 9 ! religions ( ,asia1 may be set ! well-kn[n types 9 ! religions ( classic ,europe4 ,at ! ,greek amphidromia1 :5 ! *ild 0 ab\t a week old1 ! wom5 :o _h assi/$ at ! bir? wa%$ _! h&s1 & aft]w>ds ! *ild 0 c>ri$ r\nd ! fire by ! nurse1 & receiv$ its "n2 ! ,roman *ild receiv$ its prnom5 ) a lu/ration at ab\t ! same age1 & ! cu/om is record$ ( ! nurse t\*+ its lips & =ehead ) spittle4 ,to wa% be=e an act ( wor%ip 0 a c]emony h&$ d[n by ,greek & ,roman ritual ?r\gh ! classic ages3 1 --eo lavatum1 ut sacrificem4 ,! holy-wat] m+l$ ) salt1 ! holy-wat] vessel at ! temple entrance1 ! bru% to spr9kle ! wor%ipp]s1 all belong to classic antiquity4 ,romans1 _! flocks & h]ds & _! fields1 7 purifi$ f disease & o!r ill by lu/rations :i* %[ p]fectly ! equival5t nature ( wat] & fire z means ( purification2 ! pass+ ( flocks & %eph]ds ?r\gh fires1 ! spr9kl+ wat] ) laurel bran*es1 ! fumigat+ ) fragrant b\ghs & h]bs & sulphur1 =m$ "p ( ! ru/ic rites ( ! ,palilia4 ,blood%$ dem&$ ! lu/ral c]emony4 ,hektor fe>s to p\r ) unwa%5 h&s ! libation ( d>k w9e1 nor may he pray bespatt]$ ) gore to cl\d-wrapp$ ,zeus2 neas may n t\* ! h\sehold gods till cleans$ f slaught] by ! liv+ /ream4 ,x 0 ) f> *ang$ ?\ght t ,ovid wrote 8 fam\s repro( ( 8 too-easy c\ntrym51 :o fanci$ t wat] c\ld inde$ wa% (f ! crime ( blood3-- #8,ah nimium faciles1 qui tri/ia crim9a cdis ,flum9ea tolli posse putetis aqua4' ,?us1 too1 ! m\rn] mu/ be cleans$ by lu/ration f ! contam9at+ pres5ce ( dea?4 ,at ! door ( ! ,greek h\se ( m\rn+ 0 set ! wat]-vessel1 t ^? :o _h be5 )9 might spr9kle !mselves & be clean2 :ile ! m\rn]s return+ f a ,roman fun]al1 asp]s$ ) wat] & /epp+ ov] fire1 7 by ?is d\ble process made pure4#ajfh ,! ord9ances ( purification 9 ! ,levitical law relate especially to ! removal ( legal uncleanness connect$ ) *ildbir?1 dea?1 & o!r pollutions4 ,wa%+ 0 prescrib$ = su* purposes1 & also spr9kl+ ) wat] ( sep>ation1 wat] m+l$ ) ! a%es ( ! r$ heif]4 ,ablution =m$ "p ( ! consecration ( prie/s1 & )\t x !y might n s]ve at ! alt> nor ent] ! tab]nacle4 ,9 ! lat] times ( ,jewi% national hi/ory1 p]haps ?r\gh int]c\rse ) nations ^: lu/rations ent]$ m into ! daily r\t9e ( life1 c]emonial wa%+s 7 multipli$4 ,x seems also t 9 ?is p]iod mu/ be dat$ ! c]emony :i* 9 aft] ages has held s great a place 9 ! religion ( ! _w1 _! rite ( baptism ( proselytes4#ajfi ,! ,moslem lu/rations are ablutions ) wat]1 or 9 default ) du/ or s&1 p]=m$ p>tially be=e pray]1 & totally on special days or to remove special uncleanness4 ,!y are /rictly religi\s acts1 belong+ 9 pr9ciple to preval5t usage ( ,ori5tal religion2 & _! details1 :e!r inv5t$ or adopt$ z !y /& 9 ,islam1 are n c>ri$ d[n f ,judaism or ,*ri/ianity4#ajgj ,! rites ( lu/ration :i* h held & hold _! places )9 ! pale ( ,*ri/ianity are 9 well-m>k$ hi/orical connexion ) ,jewi% & ,g5tile ritual4 ,purification by fire has only appe>$ z an actual c]emony among "s little-kn[n ,*ri/ian sects1 & 9 ! ,european folklore cu/om ( pass+ *ildr5 ?r\gh or ov] fire1 if inde$ we c be sure t ?is rite is lu/ral & n sacrificial4#ajga ,! usual m$ium ( purification is wat]4 ,holy-wat] is 9 full use ?r\gh ! ,greek & ,roman *ur*es4 ,x blesses ! wor%ipp] z he ent]s ! temple1 x cures disease1 x av]ts sorc]y f man & bea/1 x drives demons f ! possess$1 x /ops ! _s-writ]'s p51 x drives ! _s-mov$ table x is spr9kl$ ^u to da% itself frantically aga9/ ! wall2 at lea/ ^! are among ! p[]s attribut$ to x1 & "s ( ! mo/ /rik+ ( !m h be5 lately v\*$ = by papal sanction4 ,?is lu/ration ) holy-wat] s exactly cont9ues ! anci5t classic rite1 t its apologi/s are apt to expla9 ! correspond5ce by argu+ t ,satan /ole x = 8 own wick$ ends4#ajgb ,ca?olic ritual foll[s anci5t sacrificial usage 9 ! prie/'s c]emonial wa%+ ( h&s be=e mass4 ,! prie/'s t\*+ ) 8 spittle ! e>s & no/rils ( ! infant or cate*um51 say+1 #8,ephpha?a1' is obvi\sly connect$ ) passages 9 ! ,gospels2 its adoption z a baptismal c]emony has be5 comp>$1 p]haps ju/ly1 ) ! classical lu/ration by spittle4#ajgc ,f9ally1 x has b to be said t c]emonial purification z a ,*ri/ian act c5tres 9 baptism by wat]1 t symbol ( initiation ( ! conv]t :i* hi/ory traces f ! ,jewi% rite to t ( ,john ! ,bapti/1 & !nce to ! ,*ri/ian ord9ance4 ,?r\gh lat] ages adult baptism c>ries on ! ,jewi% c]emony ( ! admission ( ! proselyte1 :ile infant baptism comb9es ?is ) ! lu/ration ( ! new-born infant4 ,pass+ ?r\gh a range ( mean+ su* z sep>ates ! sacram5t ( ! ,roman c5turion f ! sacram5t ( ! ,roman c>d9al1 becom+ to "s a solemn symbol ( new life & fai?1 to "s an act 9 itself ( sup]natural efficacy1 ! rite ( baptism has rema9$ almo/ ?r\gh\t ! ,*ri/ian _w ! outw>d sign ( ! ,*ri/ian pr(ession4 ,9 consid]+ ! pres5t gr\p ( religi\s c]emonies1 _! manife/ations 9 ! religions ( ! high] nations h be5 b scantily outl9$ 9 comp>ison ) _! rudim5t>y =ms 9 ! l[] culture4 ,yet ?is rev]sal ( ! proportions due to practical importance 9 no way invalidates1 b r aids1 ! e?nographic lessons to be drawn by trac+ _! c\rse 9 hi/ory4 ,?r\gh _! v>i$ phases ( survival1 modification1 & succession1 !y h ea* 9 its own way br\ght to view ! ?reads ( cont9uity :i* connect ! fai?s ( ! l[] ) ! fai?s ( ! high] _w2 !y h %[n h[ h>dly ! civiliz$ man c und]/& ! religi\s rites ev5 ( 8 own l& )\t k ( ! mean+1 (t5 ! widely unlike mean+1 :i* !y bore to m5 ( di/ant ages & c\ntries1 repres5tatives ( grades ( culture f> diff]5t f 84 ,footnote #hdd3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #hh2 see p4 #dbg4 ,footnote #hde3 ,ibid4 p4 #bjj2 see p4 #agd4 ,see also ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #cdc4 ,m>9]1 #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 ii4 p4 #bce4 ,footnote #hdf3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,ind4 ,tribes1' "p iii4 p4 #bcg4 ,footnote #hdg3 ,m',coy1 #8,bapti/ ,indian ,missions1' p4 #cei4 ,footnote #hdh3 ,tann]1 #8,n>rative1' p4 #df4 ,footnote #hdi3 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #big4 ,footnote #hej3 ,heckeweld]1 #8,ind4 ,vlk]s*aft51' p4 #ced4 ,footnote #hea3 #8,n>ratives ( ,rites & ,laws ( ,yncas1' tr4 & ed4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 pp4 #ca1 #cc4 ,see also ,br9ton1 p4 #bih4 ,footnote #heb3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' pp4 #ada1 #agd1 #ahb4 #8,rem>ks on ,zulu ,lang4' ,piet]m>itzburg1 #ahgj1 p4 #bb4 ,footnote #hec3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afi4 ,/e9haus]1 l4c4 p4 #abi4 ,footnote #hed3 ,r[ley1 #8,univ]sities' ,mission to ,c5tral ,africa1' p4 #bbf4 ,footnote #hee3 ,mason1 #8,k>5s1' l4c4 p4 #bae4 ,footnote #hef3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' pp4 #aaj1 #abh4 ,see also ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal1' p4 #ahb 7,santals74 ,footnote #heg3 ,pla?1 #8,religion d] ,*9es51' "p ii4 p4 #b2 ,doolittle1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aaf4 ,footnote #heh3 #8,sama-,v$a1' i4 #d1 #b4 ,wuttke1 #8,ges*4 des ,heid5?ums1' "p ii4 p4 #cdb4 ,footnote #hei3 ,lane1 #8,mod]n ,egyptians1' vol4 i4 p4 #abh4 ,footnote #hfj3 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #ea1 #h1 x4 #aje1 #h4 ,muir1 #8,sanskrit ,texts1' "p ii4 *4 iii4 ,footnote #hfa3 ,lane1 #8,mod]n ,egyptians1' vol4 ii4 p4 #chc4 ,footnote #hfb3 ,see ,kpp51 #8,religion des ,buddha1' vol4 i4 pp4 #cde1 #eef2 vol4 ii4 pp4 #cjc1 #cai4 ,comp>e ,f]gusson1 #8,tree & ,s]p5t ,wor%ip1' pl4 xlii4 ,footnote #hfc3 ,x5oph4 ,memorabilia ,socrat4 i4 #c1 #b4 ,footnote #hfd3 ,sahagun1 #8,retorica1 c41 de la ,g5te ,mexicana1' lib4 vi4 c4 #d1 9 ,k+sbor\gh1 #8,antiquities ( ,mexico1' vol4 v4 ,footnote #hfe3 #8,rig-,v$a1' vii4 #hi1 #c4 ,max ,mll]1 #8,*ips1' vol4 i4 p4 #ci4 ,footnote #hff3 #8,ave/a1' tr4 by ,spiegel2 #8,khorda-,ave/a1' ,patet ,qod4 ,footnote #hfg3 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' v4 #ai4 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i41 p4 #dba4 ,footnote #hfh3 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\v4 ,fr4' vol4 i4 p4 #cid4 ,see also ,smi?1 #8,virg9ia1' 9 #8,p9k]ton1' vol4 xiii4 p4 #da4 ,footnote #hfi3 ,phillips 9 ,a/ley's #8,voyages1' vol4 ii4 p4 #daa2 ,lubbock1 #8,orig9 ( ,civilization1' p4 #baf4 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #ejj4 ,ba/ian 9 #8,zts*r4 fr ,e?nologie1' #ahfi1 p4 #cae4 ,footnote #hgj3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,algic ,res4' vol4 ii4 p4 #ge4 ,see also ,tann]1 #8,n>r4' p4 #aic1 & above1 p4 #bgj4 ,footnote #hga3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' p4 #abi4 ,footnote #hgb3 ,bill+s1 #8,exp4 to ,nor!rn ,russia1' p4 #abe4 ,*9ese sacrifices buri$ = e>? spirits1 see ante1 vol4 i4 p4 #ajg2 ,pla?1 "p ii4 p4 #ej4 ,footnote #hgc3 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #ahb4 ,footnote #hgd3 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #fg4 ,footnote #hge3 ,h]od4 vii4 #ce1 #ed4 ,liv4 vii4 #f4 ,grote1 #8,hi/4 ( ,greece1' vol4 x4 p4 #ehi1 see p4 #gae4 ,footnote #hgf3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #cfg4 ,footnote #hgg3 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 pp4 #ccf1 #ceh4 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bbj4 ,footnote #hgh3 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #did2 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #bah2 ,burton1 #8,w4 ,w4 fr4 ,w4 ,afr4' p4 #cca4 ,footnote #hgi3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aie1 c4 ,footnote #hhj3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 p4 #fi4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #fca4 ,footnote #hha3 ,w>d1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aid2 #8,mem4 ,an?rop4 ,soc4' vol4 i4 p4 #ccb4 ,footnote #hhb3 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bbf4 ,footnote #hhc3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #bah4 ,footnote #hhd3 ,manu1 iii4 #bab4 ,see also #8,ave/a1' tr4 by ,spiegel1 vol4 ii4 p4 lxxvii4 7sacrificial cakes eat5 by prie/74 ,footnote #hhe3 ,ysbrants ,ides1 #8,reize na> ,*9a1' p4 #ch4 ,me9]s1 vol4 i4 p4 #afb4 ,footnote #hhf3 ,clavig]o1 vol4 ii4 p4 #df4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #fca4 ,footnote #hhg3 ,bel & ! ,dragon4 ,footnote #hhh3 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #dg4 ,footnote #hhi3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' "p ii4 p4 #baj4 ,footnote #hij3 ,hom]1 ,odyss4 xi4 xii4 ,footnote #hia3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 p4 #bgj4 ,footnote #hib3 ,smi?1 #8,virg9ia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #da2 see ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #adc2 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bjg4 ,comp4 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #hi4 ,see also ,bolla]t 9 #8,mem4 ,an?rop4 ,soc4' vol4 ii4 p4 #if4 ,footnote #hic3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iii4 p4 #ade4 ,see also ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #afj4 ,footnote #hid3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #adg2 ,hunt]1 #8,rural ,b5gal1' p4 #aha2 ,=bes ,leslie1 #8,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1' vol4 ii4 p4 #deh4 ,footnote #hie3 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' lett] xxi4 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #eca4 ,see also ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 p4 #aib4 ,footnote #hif3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #if4 ,footnote #hig3 ,levit4 i4 c42 ,deut]on4 xii4 #bc2 ,psalm xvi4 #d4 ,footnote #hih3 ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aha4 ,h5nep91 #8,voyage1' p4 #cjb4 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 v4 p4 #caa1 vi4 p4 #agh4 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,ind4 ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #di1 "p ii4 p4 #abg4 ,catl91 vol4 i4 pp4 #aha1 #bbi4 ,morgan1 #8,iroquois1' p4 #afd4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #eh4 ,footnote #hii3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' pp4 #dah1 #ejg4 ,l]y1 #8,voy4 en ,brsil1' p4 #bfh4 ,see also ,mu/]s 9 #8,j\rn4 ,an?rop4 ,in/4' vol4 i4 p4 #bjb 7,patagonians74 ,footnote #ijj3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' pp4 #aa1 #ada1 #agg4 ,see also ,casalis1 #8,basutos1' p4 #beh4 ,footnote #ija3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ci4 ,see also ,pi$rahita1 "p i4 lib4 i4 c4 #c 7,muyscas74 ,footnote #ijb3 ,pla?1 #8,religion d] alt5 ,*9es51' "p ii4 p4 #ca4 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese4' ,footnote #ijc3 ,porphyr4 de ,ab/95tia1 ii4 #e4 ,arnob4 contra ,g5tes4 vii4 #bf4 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ad4 ,footnote #ijd3 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,egyptians1' vol4 v4 pp4 #cae1 #cch4 ,plut>*1 de ,is4 et ,osir4 ,footnote #ije3 ,h]odot4 i4 #ahc4 ,footnote #ijf3 ,exod4 xxx41 xxxvii4 ,lev4 x4 #a1 xvi4 #ab1 c4 ,footnote #ijg3 ,smi?1 #8,virg9ia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #da4 ,le ,jeune 9 #8,rel4 des ,js4' #afcd1 p4 #af4 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 i4 p4 #ahi4 ,footnote #ijh3 #8,rites & ,laws ( ,incas1' p4 #af1 c41 #gi2 see #8,ollanta1 an anci5t ,ynca ,drama1' tr4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 p4 #ha4 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 lib4 i4 ii4 vi4 ,footnote #iji3 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 iii4 pp4 #ajf1 #aad4 ,footnote #iaj3 ,pla?1 "p ii4 p4 #fe4 ,footnote #iaa3 ,la?am1 #8,descr4 ,e?4' vol4 i4 p4 #aia4 ,footnote #iab3 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #a1 #d4 ,footnote #iac3 ,hom]1 ,il4 i4 #cag4 ,footnote #iad3 ,porphyr4 ,de ,ab/95tia1 ii4 #db2 see #eh4 ,footnote #iae3 ,/anley1 #8,jewi% ,*ur*1' #b;d ,s]4 pp4 #daj1 #dbd4 ,see ,kalis* on ,leviticus2 ,b>ry 9 ,smi?'s #8,diction>y ( ! ,bible1' art4 #8sacrifice4' ,footnote #iaf3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' p4 #aa 7amadhlozi or amatongo ance/ral spirits74 ,footnote #iag3 ,roman ,pane1 *4 xvi4 9 #8,life ( ,colon1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xii4 p4 #hf4 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #dah2 see ,me9]s1 vol4 ii41 p4 #eaf2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #bab4 ,footnote #iah3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iv4 p4 #aid4 ,footnote #iai3 ,eliot 9 #8,z4 ,res4' vol4 iii4 p4 #cj4 ,footnote #ibj3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' pp4 #hh1 #ajj4 ,footnote #iba3 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 iii4 p4 #aad4 ,footnote #ibb3 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' p4 #bfd4 ,footnote #ibc3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 i4 p4 #bg4 ,footnote #ibd3 ,mason1 #8,k>5s1' l4c4 p4 #bjh4 ,footnote #ibe3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #djg4 ,ellis1 #8,polyn4 ,res4' vol4 i4 p4 #ceh4 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' pp4 #ajd1 #bbj4 ,footnote #ibf3 ,williams1 #8,fiji1' vol4 i4 p4 #bca4 ,footnote #ibg3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,algic ,rese>*es1' vol4 ii4 p4 #adj2 see p4 #aij4 ,footnote #ibh3 ,tann]'s #8,n>rative1' pp4 #bhf1 #cah4 ,see also ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #bjg4 ,footnote #ibi3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #adb2 see p4 #bhb4 ,footnote #icj3 ,sahagun1 lib4 vi4 9 ,k+sbor\gh1 vol4 v4 ,footnote #ica3 #8,rites & ,laws ( ,yncas1' tr4 & ed4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 pp4 #ee1 #eh1 #aff4 ,see ante1 p4 #che 7possible connexion ( smoke ) s\l74 ,footnote #icb3 ,waitz1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ahh1 #aif4 ,/e9haus]1 l4c4 p4 #acf4 ,see also ,s*legel1 #8,ewe-,spra*e1' p4 xv42 ,magy>1 #8,sd-,afrika1' p4 #bgc4 ,footnote #icc3 ,a4 ,campbell 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vii4 p4 #aec4 ,footnote #icd3 ,o',riley1 9 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iv4 p4 #eib4 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 p4 #ab4 ,footnote #ice3 ,r4 ,cl>ke1 #8,si]ra ,leone1' p4 #dc4 ,footnote #icf3 ,smi?1 #8,virg9ia1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiii4 p4 #da4 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]lehre1' vol4 ii4 p4 #fic4 ,legge1 #8,confucius1' p4 #agi4 ,grohmann1 #8,ab]glaub5 aus ,bhm51' p4 #da1 c4 ,footnote #icg3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,w4 ,afr4' p4 #bah2 ,bosman1 #8,gu9ea1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #djj4 ,footnote #ich3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 p4 #chg4 ,footnote #ici3 ,rob]ts1 #8,ori5tal ,illu/rations1' p4 #ede4 ,footnote #idj3 ,m',coy1 #8,bapti/ ,indian ,missions1' p4 #cje4 ,footnote #ida3 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' p4 #ei4 ,see ,casalis1 p4 #beb4 ,footnote #idb3 ,e>l 9 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 iv4 p4 #agd4 ,footnote #idc3 ,hodgson1 #8,abor4 ( ,india1' p4 #agj1 see p4 #adf2 ,hook]1 #8,himalayan ,j\rnals1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bgf4 ,footnote #idd3 ,prescott1 #8,mexico1' book i4 *4 iii4 ,footnote #ide3 #8,rites & ,laws ( ,yncas1' p4 #cc1 c4 ,footnote #idf3 ,welck]1 #8,grie*4 ,gtt]lehre1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ej2 ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop$ie1' s4v4 #8,sacrificia4' ,footnote #idg3 ,tann]'s #8,n>4' p4 #aed2 see also ,waitz1 vol4 iii4 p4 #afg4 ,footnote #idh3 ,symes1 #8,ava1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 ix4 p4 #ddj2 ,c>on1 #8,japan1' ib4 vol4 vii4 p4 #fbi4 ,footnote #idi3 ,burton1 #8,m$9ah1' c41 vol4 iii4 p4 #cjb2 ,lane1 #8,mod4 ,eg4' vol4 i4 p4 #acb4 ,footnote #iej3 ,h>dy1 #8,manual ( ,budhism1' p4 #ei4 ,footnote #iea3 #b ,k+s iii4 #bg4 ,euseb4 ,prp4 ,evang4 i4 #aj1 iv4 #aef2 ,laud4 ,con/ant4 xiii4 ,porphyr4 ,de ,ab/94 ii4 #ef1 c4 ,lamprid4 ,heliogabal4 vii4 ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 p4 #cjj1 c4 ,footnote #ieb3 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 p4 #dai4 ,footnote #iec3 ,rm]1 #8,gu9ea1' p4 #ei4 ,bosman 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 p4 #cii4 ,footnote #ied3 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 iii4 p4 #ajf2 ,ca/rn1 #8,f9n4 ,my?4' p4 #bcb4 ,footnote #iee3 ,hesiod4 ,!og4 #ecg4 ,welck]1 vol4 i4 p4 #gfd2 vol4 ii4 p4 #ea4 ,footnote #ief3 ,haug1 #8,p>sis1' ,bombay1 #ahfb1 p4 #bch4 ,footnote #ieg3 ,hamilton 9 #8,z4 ,res4' vol4 ii4 p4 #cdb4 ,footnote #ieh3 ,m>9]'s #8,tonga ,is4' vol4 i4 p4 #ded2 vol4 ii4 p4 #bbb4 ,cook's #8#crd ,voy4' vol4 i4 p4 #djc4 ,details f ,s4 ,africa 9 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 iii4 pp4 #d1 #bd2 ,s*]z]1 #8,voy4 ( ,nov>a1' vol4 i4 p4 #bab4 ,footnote #iei3 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 i4 p4 #agb2 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 ii4 p4 #agj4 ,see also ,v5egas1 #8,noticia de la ,cali=nia1' vol4 i4 p4 #aag2 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 lib4 ii4 c4 #h 7,p]u74 ,footnote #ifj3 ,bu*anan1 #8,mysore1' c41 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 viii4 p4 #ffa2 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dgb2 ,ba/ian1 l4c4 ,see also ,dubois1 #8,india1' vol4 i4 p4 #e4 ,footnote #ifa3 ,polack1 #8,new ,zeal&1' vol4 i4 p4 #bfd4 ,footnote #ifb3 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #ahd4 ,footnote #ifc3 ,!odoret4 9 ,levit4 xix42 ,hanus*1 #8,slaw4 ,my?4' ,details 9 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bbi1 c4 ,footnote #ifd3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 iii4 p4 #aac 7see o!r details74 ,footnote #ife3 ,pausan4 viii4 #bc2 ix4 #h4 ,footnote #iff3 #8,encyc4 ,brit4' art4 #8,brahma4' ,see #8,asiat4 ,res4' vol4 ix4 p4 #chg4 ,footnote #ifg3 ,boecl]1 #8,eh/5 ,ab]glabis*e ,gebra*e1' c41 p4 #d4 ,footnote #ifh3 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 p4 #aif4 ,see #8,rites ( ,yncas1' p4 #gi4 ,footnote #ifi3 ,ba/ian1 p4 #aab1 c42 ,smi?'s #8,dic4 ( ,gr4 & ,rom4 ,ant4' art4 #8,sacrificium4' ,footnote #igj3 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' p4 #dj4 ,footnote #iga3 ,diodor4 ,sic4 xx4 #ad4 ,footnote #igb3 ,callaway1 #8,zulu ,tales1' vol4 i4 p4 #hh2 ,magy>1 #8,sd-,afrika1' p4 #bef4 ,footnote #igc3 ,macph]son1 #8,india1' pp4 #ajh1 #ahg4 ,footnote #igd3 ,de ,silva 9 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' p4 #aha4 ,footnote #ige3 ,details 9 ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop4' s4v4 #8,sacrificia'2 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 iii4 p4 #aad2 ,mov]s1 #8,phnizi]1' vol4 i4 p4 #cjj4 ,footnote #igf3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 p4 #hb2 ,torquemada1 #8,mon>quia ,indiana1' x4 c4 #bi2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 pp4 #ejb1 #fdj4 ,see also ibid4 p4 #cgi 7,p]u72 #8,rites & ,laws ( ,yncas1' pp4 #df1 #ed4 ,footnote #igg3 ,grote1 vol4 v4 p4 #cff4 ,s*midt 9 ,smi?'s #8,dic4 ( ,gr4 & ,rom4 ,ant4' art4 #8,sacrificium4' ,ba/ian1 l4c4 ,footnote #igh3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 iii4 p4 #eja4 ,footnote #igi3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #aeb4 ,footnote #ihj3 ,lane1 #8,mod]n ,eg4' vol4 ii4 p4 #bfb4 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #he4 ,footnote #iha3 ,wilk9son1 #8,anci5t ,eg4' vol4 iii4 p4 #cie2 & 9 ,rawl9son's ,h]odotus1 vol4 ii4 p4 #acg4 ,see #a ,sam4 vi4 #d4 ,footnote #ihb3 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' p4 #aaca4 ,footnote #ihc3 ,ibid4 ,footnote #ihd3 ,ba/ian1 vol4 iii4 p4 #aaf4 ,footnote #ihe3 ,/4 ,clair & ,brophy1 #8,bulg>ia1' p4 #dc4 ,comp>e mod]n ,circassian sacrifice ( animal be=e cross1 z sub/itute = *ild1 9 ,bell1 #8,circassia1' vol4 ii4 ,footnote #ihf3 ,ral/on1 #8,songs ( ,russian ,p1' pp4 #abc1 #aec1 c4 ,footnote #ihg3 ,wuttke1 #8,deuts*e ,volksab]glaube1' p4 #hf4 ,see also ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?4' pp4 #dag1 #fjb4 ,footnote #ihh3 ,hyltn-,cavallius1 #8,wr5d o* ,wird>ne1' "p i4 pp4 #aca1 #adf1 #aeg1 c4 ,footnote #ihi3 ,monni]1 #8,traditions ,populaires1' pp4 #ahg1 #fff4 ,footnote #iij3 ,r4 ,hunt1 #8,pop4 ,rom4 ( ,w4 ( ,engl&1' #a/ ,s]4 p4 #bcg4 ,p5nant1 #8,t\r 9 ,scotl&1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 iii4 p4 #di4 ,j4 ,y4 ,simpson1 ,address to ,soc4 ,antiq4 ,scotl&1 #ahfa1 p4 #cc2 ,br&1 #8,pop4 ,ant4' vol4 iii4 pp4 #gd1 #cag4 ,footnote #iia3 ,br&1 vol4 i4 p4 #dhd4 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' pp4 #de1 #aid1 #aahh1 see p4 #bej2 #8,deuts*e ,re*tsalt]?m]1' p4 #ijj2 ,hyltn-,cavallius1 "p i4 p4 #age4 ,footnote #iib3 ,grimm1 #8,d4 ,m4' p4 #ifb4 ,footnote #iic3 ,beausobre1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ffg4 ,polydorus ,v]gilius1 ,de ,inv5toribus ,r]um 7,basel1 #aeba71 lib4 v4 #a4 ,footnote #iid3 ,tann]'s #8,n>rative1' p4 #bhh4 ,loskiel1 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' "p i4 p4 #gf4 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,ind4 ,tribes1' "p i4 pp4 #cd1 #aac1 #cfj1 #cia2 "p iii4 p4 #bbg4 ,catl91 #8,n4 ,a4 ,ind4' vol4 i4 p4 #cf4 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\v4 ,fr4' vol4 ii4 p4 #agj2 vol4 vi4 p4 #fg4 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 ii4 p4 #agj4 ,waitz1 #8,an?ropologie1' vol4 iii4 pp4 #bjf1 #bag4 ,footnote #iie3 ,colombo1 #8,vita1' *4 xxv4 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #eja4 ,see also ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #adc 7,guyana74 ,footnote #iif3 ,dobrizh(f]1 #8,abipones1' vol4 ii4 p4 #fh4 ,footnote #iig3 ,/4 ,john1 #8,f> ,ea/1' vol4 i4 p4 #add4 ,footnote #iih3 ,dhne1 #8,zulu ,dic4' s4v4 #8nyanga2' ,gr\t1 #8,zulu-l&1' p4 #aeh2 ,callaway1 #8,religion ( ,amazulu1' p4 #chg4 ,footnote #iii3 ,somadeva ,bhatta1 tr4 ,brockhaus1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ha4 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #adg4 ,footnote #ajjj3 ,maury1 #8,magic1' c41 p4 #bcg2 ,pausan4 i4 #cd2 ,philo/rat4 ,apollon4 ,tyan4 i42 ,gal54 ,comm5t4 9 ,hippocrat4 i4 ,footnote #ajja3 ,bapti/4 ,mantuan4 ,fa/4 ix4 #cej4 ,footnote #ajjb3 #8,acta ,sanctorum ,boll&4' ,s4 ,!resa4 ,footnote #ajjc3 ,colombo1 #8,vita1' *4 lxii42 ,roman ,pane1 ibid4 *4 xv42 & 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xii4 ,condam9e1 #8,travels1' 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xiv4 p4 #bbf2 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 pp4 #dda1 #fca 7details ( snuff-p[d]s among ,omaguas1 ,otomacs1 c42 native names curup1 p>ic1 niopo1 nupa2 made f se$s ( ,mimosa acacioides1 ,acacia niopo74 ,footnote #ajjd3 ,maury1 #8,magie1' c41 p4 #dbe4 ,footnote #ajje3 ,seemann1 #8,voy4 ( ,h]ald1' vol4 i4 p4 #bef4 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 #8,p]uvian ,antiquities1' p4 #ahd4 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #cig4 ,footnote #ajjf3 ,brasseur1 #8,mexique1' vol4 iii4 p4 #eeh2 ,clavig]o1 vol4 ii4 p4 #dj2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #fef4 ,footnote #ajjg3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrelig4' p4 #bgg2 ,h]n&ez1 #8,hi/oria ,mexicana1' lib4 v4 c4 #ea2 ,pur*as1 vol4 iv4 p4 #abib4 ,footnote #ajjh3 ,d4 ,wilson1 #8,prehi/oric ,man1' vol4 i4 p4 #dhg4 ,footnote #ajji3 ,loskiel1 #8,ind4 ( ,n4 ,a4' "p i4 p4 #db4 ,footnote #ajaj3 ,h]odot4 iv4 #gc-e4 ,footnote #ajaa3 ,maury1 #8,magie1' c41 l4c42 ,pl94 xxiv4 #ajb2 ,hesy*4 s4v4 #84' ,see also ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #aeb1 c42 ,b>+-,g\ld1 #8,7-wolves1' p4 #adi4 ,footnote #ajab3 ,polak1 #8,p]si51' vol4 ii4 p4 #bde2 ,vambry 9 #8,mem4 ,an?rop4 ,soc4' vol4 ii4 p4 #bj2 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #baf4 ,footnote #ajac3 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afb4 ,footnote #ajad3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iii4 p4 #bhf4 ,footnote #ajae3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #ade4 ,comp>e #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 p4 #bdg 7,aracan74 ,footnote #ajaf3 ,d4 ,h4 ,tuke 9 #8,j\rnal ( ,m5tal ,sci5ce1' ,oct4 #ahgj1 p4 #cfh4 ,footnote #ajag3 ,grey1 #8,au/ralia1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cbg4 ,footnote #ajah3 ,turn]1 #8,polynesia1' p4 #bcj4 ,seemann1 #8,viti1' p4 #aea4 ,footnote #ajai3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p iv4 p4 #ed4 ,footnote #ajbj3 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #dhe4 ,footnote #ajba3 ,d',orbigny1 #8,l',homme ,amrica91' vol4 ii4 pp4 #cai1 #ccj4 ,footnote #ajbb3 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 #8,p]uvian ,antiquities1' p4 #bjb4 ,see also ,arb\sset & ,daumas1 #8,voyage1' p4 #bgg 7,kafirs74 ,footnote #ajbc3 ,bickmore1 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vii4 p4 #bj4 ,georgi1 #8,reise1' vol4 i4 p4 #bff4 ,gul4 de ,rubruquis 9 ,hakluyt vol4 i4 p4 #gh4 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 iii4 p4 #bbh4 ,footnote #ajbd3 lian4 ,v>4 ,hi/4 v4 #ad1 vii4 #ai2 ,plut>*4 ,solon1 x42 ,diog4 ,la]t4 ,solon2 ,welck]1 vol4 i4 p4 #djd4 ,footnote #ajbe3 ,b$a 9 ,die ,s4 ,pas*4 ,dur&1 ,rationale ,div9orum ,(ficiorum1 lib4 vii4 c4 #ce-i4 ,br&1 #8,popul> ,antiquities1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #bie1 #cah4 ,footnote #ajbf3 ,gregg1 #8,comm]ce ( ,prairies1' vol4 i4 pp4 #bgj1 #bgc2 vol4 ii4 p4 #cah4 ,footnote #ajbg3 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 vi4 p4 #agh4 ,footnote #ajbh3 ,ro*e=t1 #8,iles ,antilles1' p4 #cfe4 ,footnote #ajbi3 ,clavig]o1 #8,messico1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bd2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #fda4 ,see ,ovi$o1 #8,nic>agua1' p4 #bi4 ,footnote #ajcj3 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #cfc2 ,prescott1 #8,p]u1' book i4 *4 #c4 ,g>cilaso de la ,vega1 #8,comm5t>ios ,reales1' lib4 iii4 c4 #bj1 says x 0 at ! ea/ end2 cf4 lib4 vi4 c4 #ba 7llama sacrific$ ) head to ea/74 ,footnote #ajca3 ,colebrooke1 #8,essays1' vol4 i41 iv4 & v4 ,footnote #ajcb3 #8,illu/rations ( ! ,hi/ory & ,practices ( ! ,?ugs1' ,london1 #ahcg1 p4 #df4 ,footnote #ajcc3 ,ezek4 viii4 #af2 ,mi%na1 #8,sukko?1' v4 ,see ,f]gusson 9 ,smi?'s #8,diction>y ( ! ,bible1' s4v4 #8,temple4' ,footnote #ajcd3 ,hyde1 #8,vet]um ,p]s>um ,religionis ,hi/oria1' *4 iv4 ,niebuhr1 #8,reisebes*reibung na* ,arabi51' vol4 i4 p4 #cif4 ,lay>d1 #8,n9eveh1' vol4 i4 *4 ix4 ,footnote #ajce3 ,lucian4 ,de ,domo1 vi4 ,vitruv4 de ,ar*itectura1 iv4 #e4 ,see ,welck]1 vol4 i4 p4 #djc4 ,footnote #ajcf3 ,augu/94 de ,s]m4 ,dom4 9 ,monte1 ii4 #e4 ,t]tullian4 ,contra ,val5t94 iii42 ,apolog4 xvi4 ,con/itutiones ,apo/olic1 ii4 #eg4 ,cyril4 ,cate*4 ,my/ag4 i4 #b4 ,hi]onym4 9 ,amos4 vi4 #ad2 ,b+ham1 #8,antiquities ( ,*r4 ,*ur*1' book viii4 *4 #c1 book xi4 *4 #g1 book xiii4 *4 #h4 ,j4 ,m4 ,neale1 #8,ea/]n ,*ur*1' "p i4 p4 #ief2 ,roman(f1 #8,greco-,russian ,*ur*1' p4 #fg4 ,footnote #ajcg3 ,bill+s1 #8,n4 ,russia1' p4 #age4 ,footnote #ajch3 ,m>tius1 #8,e?nog4 ,am]4' vol4 i4 p4 #dhe4 ,footnote #ajci3 #8,j\rn4 ,ind4 ,ar*ip4' vol4 ii4 p4 #bfd4 ,footnote #ajdj3 ,taylor1 #8,new ,zeal&1' p4 #ahd2 ,yate1 p4 #hb2 ,polack1 vol4 i4 p4 #ea2 ,a4 ,s4 ,?omson1 vol4 i4 p4 #aah2 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 iv4 p4 #cjd4 ,see ,s*irr51 #8,w&]sag5 d] ,neuseelnd]1' pp4 #eh1 #ahc2 ,%ortl&1 p4 #ade4 ,footnote #ajda3 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 p4 #aeb4 ,footnote #ajdb3 ,munz+]1 #8,o/-,afrika1' p4 #chg4 ,footnote #ajdc3 ,p>k1 #8,travels1' *4 vi4 ,footnote #ajdd3 ,j4 ,l4 ,wilson1 #8,we/]n ,africa1' p4 #cii4 ,see also ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #bgi 7,watje72 #8,an?ropological ,review1' ,nov4 #ahfd1 p4 #bdc 7,mpongwe72 ,b>k]-,webb & ,b]!lot1 vol4 ii4 p4 #afc 7,t5]ife74 ,footnote #ajde3 ,see pp4 #e1 #dcg4 ,footnote #ajdf3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #bfa2 "p iii4 p4 #bdc1 c4 ,*>levoix1 #8,n\velle ,france1' vol4 v4 p4 #dbe4 ,wilson 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iv4 p4 #bid4 ,footnote #ajdg3 ,casalis1 #8,basutos1' p4 #bfg4 ,footnote #ajdh3 ,kolb51 vol4 i4 pp4 #bgc1 #bhc4 ,footnote #ajdi3 ,bosman1 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 xvi4 pp4 #dbc1 #ebg2 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ajg1 #dfc4 ,footnote #ajej3 ,pallas1 #8,mongolis*e ,vlk]s*aft51' vol4 i4 p4 #aff1 c42 ,/rahl5b]g1 #8,sib]ia1' p4 #ig4 ,footnote #ajea3 ,b\ri5 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 iii4 p4 #ha4 ,footnote #ajeb3 ,dalton 9 #8,tr4 ,e?4 ,soc4' vol4 vi4 p4 #bb2 ,%ortt1 ibid4 vol4 iii4 p4 #cge4 ,footnote #ajec3 ,s*oolcraft1 #8,indian ,tribes1' "p i4 p4 #bee4 ,footnote #ajed3 ,br9ton1 #8,my?s ( ,new ,_w1' p4 #abg4 ,footnote #ajee3 ,ellis1 #8,madagasc>1' vol4 i4 p4 #bda2 see pp4 #djg1 #dai4 ,footnote #ajef3 ,casalis1 #8,basutos1' p4 #beh4 ,footnote #ajeg3 ,gr\t1 #8,zulu-l&1' p4 #adg2 ,backh\se1 #8,mauritius & ,s4 ,africa1' pp4 #bac1 #bbe4 ,footnote #ajeh3 ,ba/ian1 #8,m5s*1' vol4 iii4 p4 #ge2 ,rubruquis1 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 vii4 p4 #hb2 ,plano ,c>p9i 9 ,hakluyt1 vol4 i4 p4 #cg4 ,footnote #ajei3 ,riv]o & ,ts*udi1 #8,p]uvian ,antiquities1' p4 #ahj2 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 #8,am]4 ,urrelig4' p4 #chi2 ,aco/a1 #8,ind4 ,occ4' v4 c4 #be2 ,br9ton1 p4 #abf4 ,see acc\nt ( ! rite ( driv+ out sicknesses & evils into ! riv]s1 #8,rites & ,laws ( ,incas1' tr4 & ed4 by ,c4 ,r4 ,m>kham1 p4 #bb4 ,footnote #ajfj3 ,sahagun1 #8,nueva ,espaa1' lib4 vi42 ,torquemada1 #8,mon>quia ,indiana1' lib4 xii42 ,clavig]o1 vol4 ii4 pp4 #ci1 #hf1 c42 ,humboldt1 #8,vues des ,cordillres1' ,m5doza ,cod42 ,j4 ,g4 ,mll]1 p4 #feb4 ,footnote #ajfa3 ,siebold1 #8,nippon1' v4 p4 #bb2 ,kempf]1 #8,japan1' *4 xiii4 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 vii4 ,footnote #ajfb3 ,doolittle1 #8,*9ese1' vol4 i4 p4 #abj1 vol4 ii4 p4 #bgc4 ,davis1 vol4 i4 p4 #bfi4 ,footnote #ajfc3 ,ba/ian1 #8,oe/l4 ,asi51' vol4 ii4 p4 #bdg2 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #ajf2 ,symes 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 ix4 p4 #dce4 ,footnote #ajfd3 ,kpp51 #8,religion des ,buddha1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cbj2 ,ba/ian1 #8,psy*ologie1' pp4 #aea1 #baa2 #8,m5s*1' vol4 ii4 p4 #dii4 ,footnote #ajfe3 ,leems1 #8,f9nm>k5s ,lapp]4' ,cop5hag51 c4 xiv41 xxii41 & ,jess51 c4 xiv42 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 i4 p4 #dhc2 ,klemm1 #8,cultur-,ges*4' vol4 iii4 p4 #gg4 ,footnote #ajff3 ,w>d1 #8,h9doos1' vol4 ii4 pp4 #if1 #bdf1 #ccg2 ,colebrooke1 #8,essays1' vol4 ii4 ,wuttke1 #8,ges*4 des ,heid5?ums1' vol4 ii4 p4 #cgh4 #8,rig-,v$a1' i4 #bb1 #bc4 ,footnote #ajfg3 ,ave/a1 ,v5didad1 v4-xii42 ,"l1 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 viii4 p4 #egj2 ,naoroji1 #8,p>see ,religion'2 ,polak1 #8,p]si51' vol i4 p4 #cee1 c41 vol4 ii4 p4 #bga4 ,me9]s1 vol4 ii4 p4 #abe4 ,footnote #ajfh3 ,details 9 ,smi?'s #8,dic4 ( ,gr4 & ,rom4 ,ant4' & ,pauly1 #8,real-,encyclop$ie1' s4v4 #8amphidromia1' #8lu/ratio1' #8sacrificium1' #8funus'2 ,me9]s1 #8,ges*4 d] ,religion51' book vii42 ,lomey]1 #8,de ,vet]um ,g5tilium ,lu/rationibus'2 ,montfaucon1 #8,l',antiquit ,explique1' c4 ,special passages2 ,hom]1 ,il4 vi4 #bff2 ,eurip4 ,ion4 #if2 ,!ocrit4 xxiv4 #ie2 ,virg4 n4 ii4 #gai2 ,plaut4 ,aulul>4 iii4 #f2 ,p]s4 ,sat4 ii4 #ca2 ,ovid4 ,fa/4 i4 #ffi1 ii4 #de1 iv4 #gbg2 ,fe/us1 s4v4 #8aqua et ignis1' c4 ,! obscure subject ( lu/ration 9 ! my/]ies is "h left unt\*$4 ,footnote #ajfi3 ,ex4 xxix4 #d1 xxx4 #ah1 xl4 #ab2 ,lev4 viii4 #f1 xiv4 #h1 xv4 #e1 xxii4 #f2 ,numb4 xix4 c42 ,lightfoot 9 #8,works1' vol4 xi42 ,br[ne 9 ,smi?'s #8,dic4 ( ! ,bible1' s4v4 #8baptism2' ,calmet1 #8,dic4' c4 ,footnote #ajgj3 ,rel&1 #8,de ,religione ,mohamm$anica2' ,lane1 #8,mod]n ,eg4' vol4 i4 p4 #ih1 c4 ,footnote #ajga3 ,b+ham1 #8,antiquities ( ,*ri/ian ,*ur*1' book xi4 *4 #b4 ,grimm1 #8,deuts*e ,my?ologie1' p4 #eib2 ,leslie1 #8,e>ly ,races ( ,scotl&1' vol4 i4 p4 #aac2 ,p5nant1 9 ,p9k]ton1 vol4 iii4 p4 #chc4 ,footnote #ajgb3 ,rituale ,romanum2 ,gaume1 #8,l',eau ,bnite2' ,middleton1 #8,lett] f ,rome1' c4 ,footnote #ajgc3 ,rituale ,romanum4 ,b+ham1 book x4 *4 #b1 book xv4 *4 #c4 ,see ,m>k vii4 #cd1 viii4 #bc2 ,john ix4 #f4 ,,*apt] ,,xix4 ,,conclusion4 ,practical results ( ! /udy ( ,primitive ,culture--,its be>+ lea/ ^u ,positive ,sci5ce1 greate/ ^u ,intellectual1 ,moral1 ,social1 & ,political ,philosophy--,language--,my?ology--,e?ic s & ,law--,religion--,action ( ! ,sci5ce ( ,culture1 z a means ( fur!r+ progress & remov+ h9drance1 effective 9 ! c\rse ( ,civilization4 ,x n[ rema9s1 9 br++ to a close ^! inve/igations on ! relation ( primitive to mod]n civilization1 to urge ! practical import ( ! consid]ations rais$ 9 _! c\rse4 ,grant$ t ar*ology1 lead+ ! /ud5t's m9d back to remote/ kn[n conditions ( human life1 %[s su* life to h be5 ( unequivocally savage type2 grant$ t ! r\gh-hewn fl9t hat*et1 dug out f amid/ ! bones ( mammo?s 9 a drift gravel-b$ to lie on an e?nologi/'s writ+-table1 is to him a v type ( primitive culture1 simple yet crafty1 clumsy yet purposeful1 l[ 9 arti/ic level yet fairly />t$ on ! asc5t t[>d highe/ developm5t--:at !n8 ,( c\rse ! hi/ory & pr-hi/ory ( man take _! prop] places 9 ! g5]al s*eme ( k4 ,( c\rse ! doctr9e ( ! _w-long evolution ( civilization is "o :i* philosophic m9ds w take up ) eag] int]e/1 z a !me ( ab/ract sci5ce4 ,b beyond ?is1 su* rese>* has its practical side1 z a s\rce ( p[] de/9$ to influ5ce ! c\rse ( mod]n ideas & actions4 ,to e/abli% a connexion betwe5 :at uncultur$ anci5t m5 ?\ght & did1 & :at cultur$ mod]n m5 ?9k & d1 is n a matt] ( inapplicable !oretic k1 = x raises ! issue1 h[ f> are mod]n op9ion & conduct bas$ on ! /rong gr\nd ( s\nde/ mod]n k1 or h[ f> only on su* k z 0 available 9 ! e>li] & rud] /ages ( culture :]e _! types 7 %ap$4 ,x has to be ma9ta9$ t ! e>ly hi/ory ( man has its be>+1 almo/ ignor$ z t be>+ has be5 by ^? :om x ought mo/ /r+5tly to affect1 on "s ( ! deepe/ & mo/ vital po9ts ( our intellectual1 indu/rial1 & social /ate4 ,ev5 9 advanc$ sci5ces1 su* z relate to measure & =ce & /ructure 9 ! inorganic & organic _w1 x is at once a common & a s]i\s error to adopt ! pr9ciple ( lett+ bygones be bygones4 ,7 sci5tific sy/ems ! oracul> revelations !y sometimes all b pret5d to be1 x might be ju/ifiable to take no note ( ! condition ( m]e op9ion or fancy t prec$$ !m4 ,b ! inve/igator :o turns f 8 mod]n text-books to ! antiquat$ diss]tations ( ! great ?9k]s ( ! pa/1 ga9s f ! hi/ory ( 8 own craft a tru] view ( ! relation ( !ory to fact1 le>ns f ! c\rse ( gr[? 9 ea* curr5t hypo!sis to appreciate its raison d'tre & full significance1 & ev5 f9ds t a return to old] />t+-po9ts may enable him to f9d new pa?s1 :]e ! mod]n track seems /opp$ by impassable b>ri]s4 ,x is true t rudim5t>y conditions ( arts & sci5ces are (t5 r curi\s ?an practically in/ructive1 especially because ! mod]n practition] has kept up1 z m]e elem5t>y processes1 ! results ( ! anci5t or savage man's mo/ /r5u\s ef=ts4 ,p]haps our tool-mak]s may n ga9 m ?an a few sugge/ive h9ts f a museum ( savage implem5ts1 our physicians may only be int]e/$ 9 savage recipes s f> z !y involve ! use ( local drugs1 our ma!maticians may leave to ! infant-s*ool ! highe/ flights ( savage ari?metic1 our a/ronom]s may only f9d 9 ! />-craft ( ! l[] races an un9/ructive comb9ation ( my? & commonplace4 ,b !re are dep>tm5ts ( k1 ( n less consequ5ce ?an me*anics & m$ic9e1 ari?metic & a/ronomy1 9 :i* ! /udy ( ! l[e/ /ages1 z influ5c+ ! practical acceptance ( ! high]1 _c be ?us c>elessly set aside4 ,if we survey ! /ate ( educat$ op9ion1 n )9 ! limits ( "s special s*ool1 b 9 ! civiliz$ _w at l>ge1 on su* subjects especially z relate to ,man1 8 intellectual & moral nature1 8 place & function among 8 fell[-m5 & 9 ! univ]se at l>ge1 we see exi/+ side by side1 z if ( equal "r1 op9ions mo/ div]se 9 real au?ority4 ,"s1 v\*$ = by direct & positive evid5ce1 hold _! gr\nd z solid tru?s4 ,o!rs1 ?\gh f\nd$ on crude/ !ories ( ! l[] culture1 h be5 s modifi$ "u ! influ5ce ( advanc+ k1 z to af=d a satisfactory framework = recogniz$ facts2 & positive sci5ce1 m9dful ( ! orig9 ( its own philosophic s*emes1 mu/ admit ! validity ( su* a title4 ,o!rs1 la/ly1 are op9ions belong+ prop]ly to l[] intellectual levels1 :i* h held _! place into ! high] by m]e =ce ( ance/ral tradition2 ^! are survivals4 ,n[ x is ! practical (fice ( e?nography to make kn[n to all :om x may conc]n ! t5ure ( op9ions 9 ! public m9d1 to %[ :at is receiv$ on its own direct evid5ce1 :at is rud] anci5t doctr9e re%ap$ to answ] mod]n ends1 & :at is b "t-hon\r$ sup]/ition 9 ! g>b ( mod]n k4 ,topic aft] topic %[s at a glimpse ! way 9 :i* e?nography be>s on mod]n intellectual conditions4 ,language1 appe>+ z an art 9 full vig\r among rude tribes1 already displays ! adaptation ( *ildlike devices 9 self-expressive s\nd & pictorial metaphor1 to utt] ?\ghts z complex & ab/ruse z savage m9ds dem& spee* =4 ,:5 x is consid]$ h[ f> ! developm5t ( k dep5ds on full & exact means ( express+ ?\ght1 is x n a pregnant consid]ation t ! language ( civiliz$ m5 is b ! language ( savages1 m or less improv$ 9 /ructure1 a good deal ext5d$ 9 vocabul>y1 made m precise 9 ! diction>y def9ition ( words8 ,! developm5t ( language betwe5 its savage & cultur$ /ages has be5 made 9 its details1 sc>cely 9 its pr9ciple4 ,x is n too mu* to say t half ! va/ defect ( language z a me?od ( utt]ance1 & half ! va/ defect ( ?\ght z det]m9$ by ! influ5ce ( language1 are due to ! fact t spee* is a s*eme work$ out by ! r\gh & ready application ( mat]ial metaphor & imp]fect analogy1 9 ways fitt+ r ! b>b>ic education ( ^? :o =m$ x1 ?an our own4 ,language is "o ( ^? intellectual dep>tm5ts 9 :i* we h gone too little beyond ! savage /age1 b are /ill z x 7 hack+ ) /one celts & twirl+ labori\s friction-fire4 ,metaphysical speculation1 aga91 has be5 "o ( ! pot5t influ5ces on human conduct1 & al?\gh its rise1 & "o may almo/ say also its decl9e & fall1 belong to comp>atively civiliz$ ages1 yet its connexion ) l[] /ages ( intellectual hi/ory may to "s ext5t be disc]n$4 ,= example1 att5tion may be recall$ to a special po9t br\ght =w>d 9 ?is "w1 t "o ( ! greate/ metaphysical doctr9es is a transf] to ! field ( philosophy f ! field ( religion1 made :5 philosoph]s famili> ) ! conception ( object-phantoms us$ ?is to provide a doctr9e ( ?\ght1 ?us giv+ rise to ! !ory ( ideas4 ,f> m fully & di/9ctly1 ! /udy ( ! savage & b>b>ic intellect op5s to u ! /udy ( ,my?ology4 ,! evid5ce "h br\ght toge!r z to ! relation ( ! savage to ! cultur$ m9d 9 ! matt] ( my?ology has1 ,i ?9k1 at any rate ju/ifi$ ?is claim4 ,) a consi/5cy ( action s g5]al z to am\nt to m5tal law1 x is prov$ t among ! l[] races all ov] ! _w ! op]ation ( outw>d ev5ts on ! inw>d m9d leads n only to /atem5t ( fact1 b to =mation ( my?4 ,x gives no unimportant clues to ! /ud5t ( m5tal hi/ory1 to see by :at regul> processes my?s are g5]at$1 & h[1 gr[+ by we> & increas+ 9 value at secondh&1 !y pass into pseudo-hi/oric leg5d4 ,poetry is full ( my?1 & he :o w und]/& x analytically w d well to /udy x e?nographically4 ,9 s f> z my?1 s]i\sly or sportively meant1 is ! subject ( poetry1 & 9 s f> z x is c\*$ 9 language ^: *>act]i/ic is t wild & rambl+ metaphor :i* repres5ts ! habitual expression ( savage ?\ght1 ! m5tal condition ( ! l[] races is ! key to poetry--nor is x a small portion ( ! poetic realm :i* ^! def9itions cov]4 ,hi/ory1 aga91 is an ag5t p[]ful1 & becom+ m p[]ful1 9 %ap+ m5's m9ds1 & ?r\gh _! m9ds _! actions 9 ! _w2 n[ "o ( ! mo/ prom95t faults ( hi/orians is t1 ?r\gh want ( famili>ity ) ! pr9ciples ( my?-developm5t1 !y _c apply sy/ematically to anci5t leg5d ! appropriate te/ = sep>at+ *ronicle f my?1 b ) few exceptions are apt to treat ! m+l$ mass ( tradition p>tly ) undiscrim9at+ cr$ulity & p>tly ) undiscrim9at+ scepticism4 ,ev5 m injuri\s is ! effect ( su* want ( te/+ on t "p ( traditional or docum5t>y record :i*1 among any section ( mank9d1 /&s z sacr$ hi/ory4 ,x is n m]ely t 9 turn+ to ! index ( "s book on savage tribes1 "o comes on su* a sugge/ive head+ z ?is1 #8,religion--see ,my?ology4' ,x is t )9 ! upp] half ( ! scale ( civilization1 among ! great hi/oric religions ( ! _w1 we all "k t betwe5 religion & religion1 & ev5 to no small ext5t betwe5 sect & sect1 ! n>ratives :i* to "o side are sacr$ hi/ory1 may seem to ! o!r my?ic leg5d4 ,among ! reasons :i* ret>d ! progress ( religi\s hi/ory 9 ! mod]n _w1 "o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s is ?is1 t s _m ( its approv$ hi/orians dem& f ! /udy ( my?ology always weapons to de/roy _! adv]s>ies' /ructures1 b nev] tools to cle> & trim _! own4 ,x is an indisp5sable qualification ( ! true hi/orian t he %all be able to look dispassionately on my? z a natural & regul> product ( ! human m9d1 act+ on appropriate facts 9 a mann] suit$ to ! intellectual /ate ( ! p produc+ x1 & t he %all treat x z an accretion to be d$uct$ f pr(ess$ hi/ory1 :5ev] x is recogniz$ by ! te/s ( be+ decid$ly aga9/ evid5ce z fact1 & at ! same "t cle>ly explicable z my?4 ,x is f ! e?nographic /udy ( savage & b>b>ic races t ! k ( ! g5]al laws ( my?-developm5t1 requir$ = ! c>ry+ out ( ?is critical process1 may be be/ or mu/ necess>ily be ga9$4 ,! two va/ unit$ prov9ces ( ,morals & ,law h be5 z yet too imp]fectly treat$ on a g5]al e?nographic s*eme1 to w>rant di/9ct /atem5t ( results4 ,yet ?us mu* may be confid5tly said1 t :]e ! gr\nd has be5 ev5 sup]ficially explor$1 e glimpse reveals treasures ( k4 ,x is already evid5t t enquir]s :o sy/ematically trace ea* dep>tm5t ( moral & legal in/itutions f ! savage ?r\gh ! b>b>ic & into ! civiliz$ condition ( mank9d1 !reby introduce into ! sci5tific inve/igations ( ^! subjects an indisp5sable elem5t :i* m]ely !oretical writ]s are apt unscrupul\sly to disp5se )4 ,! law or maxim :i* a p at "s p>ticul> /age ( its hi/ory might h made fre%1 accord+ to ! in=mation & circum/ances ( ! p]iod1 is "o ?+4 ,! law or maxim :i* did 9 fact become curr5t among !m by inh]itance f an e>li] /age1 only m or less modifi$ to make x compatible ) ! new conditions1 is ano!r & f> diff]5t ?+4 ,e?nography is requir$ to bridge ov] ! gap betwe5 ! two1 a v *asm :]e ! argum5ts ( morali/s & legi/s are cont9ually fall+ 91 to crawl out maim$ & helpless4 ,)9 mod]n grades ( civilization ?is hi/orical me?od is n[ becom+ m & m accept$4 ,x w n be d5i$ t ,engli% law has acquir$1 by modifi$ inh]itance f pa/ ages1 a !ory ( primog5iture & a !ory ( real e/ate :i* are s f> f be+ products ( our own times t we mu/ g back to ! middle ages = any?+ l a satisfactory explanation ( !m2 & z = m absolute survival1 did n ,jewi% disabilities /& practically1 & ! wag] ( battle nom9ally1 9 our law ( n _m ye>s back8 ,b ! po9t to be press$ "h is1 t ! developm5t & survival ( law are processes t did n fir/ come into action )9 ! range ( writt5 codes ( comp>atively cultur$ nations4 ,admitt$ t civiliz$ law requires its key f b>b>ic law2 x mu/ be borne 9 m9d t ! b>b>ian lawgiv] too 0 guid$ 9 judgm5t n s mu* by fir/ pr9ciples1 z by a rev]5t & (t5 /upidly rev]5t adh]5ce to ! tradition ( e>li] & yet rud] ages4 ,nor c ^! pr9ciples be set aside 9 ! sci5tific /udy ( moral s5tim5t & usage4 ,:5 ! e?ical sy/ems ( mank9d1 f ! l[e/ savag]y upw>d1 h be5 analyz$ & arrang$ 9 _! /ages ( evolution1 !n e?ical sci5ce1 no long] vitiat$ by too exclusive application to p>ticul> phases ( morality tak5 unreasonably z repres5t+ morality 9 g5]al1 w put its me?ods to fair trial on ! long & intricate _w-hi/ory ( "r & wrong4 ,9 conclud+ a "w ( :i* full half is occupi$ by evid5ce be>+ on ! philosophy ( religion1 x may well be ask$1 h[ does all ?is array ( facts /& t[>d ! !ologian's special prov9ce8 ,t ! _w sorely ne$s new evid5ce & me?od 9 !ology1 ! /ate ( religion 9 our own l& be>s witness4 ,take ,engli% ,prote/antism z a c5tral di/rict ( op9ion1 draw an ideal l9e ?r\gh its c5tre1 & ,engli% ?\ght is se5 to be divid$ z by a pol>iz+ =ce ext5d+ to ! utmo/ limits ( repulsion4 ,on "o side ( ! divid+ l9e /& su* z keep firm hold on ! results ( ! #af? c5tury re=mation1 or seek yet m orig9al canons f ! fir/ ,*ri/ian ages2 on ! o!r side /& ^? :o1 refus+ to be b\nd by ! doctr9al judgm5ts ( pa/ c5turies1 b introduc+ mod]n sci5ce & mod]n criticism z new factors 9 !ological op9ion1 are eag]ly press+ t[>d a new re=mation4 ,outside ^! n>r[] limits1 extrem] p>tizans occupy m di/ant gr\nd on ei!r side4 ,on ! "o h& ! ,anglican bl5ds gradually into ! ,roman s*eme1 a sy/em s int]e/+ to ! e?nologi/ = its ma9t5ance ( rites m naturally belong+ to b>b>ic culture2 a sy/em s hateful to ! man ( sci5ce = its suppression ( k1 & = t usurpation ( intellectual au?ority by a sac]dotal ca/e :i* has at la/ rea*$ its climax1 n[ t an ag$ bi%op c judge1 by infallible inspiration1 ! results ( rese>*es ^: evid5ce & me?ods are alike beyond 8 k & 8 m5tal grasp4 ,on ! o!r h&1 intellect1 "h trampl$ "u foot ( dogma1 takes full rev5ge else:]e1 ev5 )9 ! doma9 ( religion1 9 ^? !ological di/ricts :]e reason takes m & m ! comm& ov] h]$it>y belief1 l a mayor ( ! palace sup]s$+ a nom9al k+4 ,9 yet f>!r ranges ( op9ion1 religi\s au?ority is simply depos$ & bani%$1 & ! ?rone ( absolute reason is set up )\t a rival ev5 9 "n2 9 secul>ism ! feel+ & imag9ation :i* 9 ! religi\s _w are b\nd to !ological belief1 h to atta* !mselves to a positive natural philosophy1 & to a positive morality :i* %all ( its own =ce control ! acts ( m54 ,su*1 !n1 is ! b\ndless div]g5ce ( op9ion among educat$ citiz5s ( an enlight5$ c\ntry1 9 an age sc>cely approa*$ by any =m] age 9 ! possession ( actual k & ! /r5u\s pursuit ( tru? z ! guid+ pr9ciple ( life4 ,( ! causes :i* h br\ght to pass s p]plex$ a condition ( public ?\ght1 9 s mom5t\s a matt] z !ology1 !re is "o1 & t a weighty "o1 :i* dem&s m5tion "h4 ,x is ! p>tial & "o-sid$ application ( ! hi/orical me?od ( enquiry into !ological doctr9es1 & ! utt] neglect ( ! e?nographical me?od :i* c>ries back ! hi/orical into remot] & m primitive regions ( ?\ght4 ,look+ at ea* doctr9e by itself & = itself1 z 9 ! ab/ract true or untrue1 !ologians close _! eyes to ! in/ances :i* hi/ory is ev] hold+ up be=e !m1 t "o phase ( a religi\s belief is ! outcome ( ano!r1 t 9 all times religion has includ$ )9 its limits a sy/em ( philosophy1 express+ its m or less transc5d5tal conceptions 9 doctr9es :i* =m 9 any age _! fitte/ repres5tatives1 b :i* doctr9es are liable to modification 9 ! g5]al c\rse ( intellectual *ange1 :e!r ! anci5t =mulas /ill hold _! au?ority ) alt]$ mean+1 or are !mselves re=m$ or replac$4 ,*ri/5dom furni%es evid5ce to e/abli% ?is pr9ciple1 if = example we w b c&idly comp>e ! educat$ op9ion ( ,rome 9 ! #e? ) t ( ,london 9 ! #ai? c5tury1 on su* subjects z ! nature & functions ( s\l1 _s1 deity1 & judge by ! comp>ison 9 :at important respects ! philosophy ( religion has come to diff] ev5 among m5 :o repres5t 9 diff]5t ages ! same great pr9ciples ( fai?4 ,! g5]al /udy ( ! e?nography ( religion1 ?r\gh all its imm5sity ( range1 seems to c\nt5ance ! !ory ( evolution 9 its highe/ & wide/ s5se4 ,9 ! treatm5t ( "s ( its topics "h1 ,i h prop\nd$ special hypo!ses z to ! ord] 9 :i* v>i\s /ages ( doctr9e & rite h succe$$ "o ano!r 9 ! hi/ory ( religion4 ,yet h[ f> ^! p>ticul> !ories may hold good1 seems ev5 to myself a m9or matt]4 ,! ess5tial "p ( ! e?nographic me?od 9 !ology lies 9 admitt+ z relevant ! comp>$ evid5ce ( religion 9 all /ages ( culture4 ,! action ( su* evid5ce on !ology prop] is 9 ?is wise1 t a va/ proportion ( doctr9es & rites kn[n among mank9d are n to be judg$ z direct products ( ! p>ticul> religi\s sy/ems :i* give !m sanction1 = !y are 9 fact m or less modifi$ results adopt$ f previ\s sy/ems4 ,! !ologian1 z he comes to deal ) ea* elem5t ( belief & wor%ip1 ought to asc]ta9 its place 9 ! g5]al s*eme ( religion4 ,%\ld ! doctr9e or rite 9 "q appe> to h be5 transmitt$ f an e>li] to a lat] /age ( religi\s ?\ght1 !n x %\ld be te/$1 l any o!r po9t ( culture1 z to its place 9 developm5t4 ,! "q has to be rais$1 to :i* ( ^! ?ree categories x belongs3--is x a product ( ! e>li] !ology1 yet s\nd en\gh to ma9ta9 a rightful place 9 ! lat]8--is x d]iv$ f a crud] orig9al1 yet s modifi$ z to become a prop] repres5tative ( m advanc$ views8--is x a survival f a l[] /age ( ?\ght1 impos+ on ! cr$it ( ! high] by virtue n ( inh]5t tru? b ( ance/ral belief8 ,^! are qu]ies ! v ask+ ( :i* />ts tra9s ( ?\ght :i* c&id m9ds %\ld be enc\rag$ to pursue1 lead+ z !y d t[>d ! atta9m5t ( su* measure ( tru? z ! intellectual condition ( our age fits u to assimilate4 ,9 ! sci5tific /udy ( religion1 :i* n[ %[s signs ( becom+ = _m a ye> an engross+ subject ( ! _w's ?\ght1 ! decision mu/ n re/ ) a c\ncil 9 :i* ! !ologian1 ! metaphysician1 ! biologi/1 ! physici/1 exclusively take "p4 ,! hi/orian & ! e?nograph] mu/ be call$ ^u to %[ ! h]$it>y /&+ ( ea* op9ion & practice1 & _! enquiry mu/ g back z f> z antiquity or savag]y c %[ a ve/ige1 = !re seems no human ?\ght s primitive z to h lo/ its be>+ on our own ?\ght1 nor s anci5t z to h brok5 its connection ) our own life4 ,x is our happ9ess to live 9 "o ( ^? ev5tful p]iods ( intellectual & moral hi/ory1 :5 ! (t-clos$ gates ( discov]y & re=m /& op5 at _! wide/4 ,h[ long ^! good days may la/1 we _c tell4 ,x may be t ! increas+ p[] & range ( ! sci5tific me?od1 ) its /r+5cy ( argum5t & con/ant *eck ( fact1 may />t ! _w on a m /eady & cont9u\s c\rse ( progress ?an x has mov$ on h]et(ore4 ,b if hi/ory is to repeat itself accord+ to prec$5t1 we mu/ look =w>d to /iff] dull] ages ( traditionali/s & comm5tators1 :5 ! great ?9k]s ( our "t w be appeal$ to z au?orities by m5 :o slavi%ly accept _! t5ets1 yet _c or d>e n foll[ _! me?ods ?r\gh bett] evid5ce to high] ends4 ,9 ei!r case1 x is = ^? among u ^: m9ds are set on ! advancem5t ( civilization1 to make ! mo/ ( pres5t opportunities1 t ev5 :5 9 future ye>s progress is arre/$1 x may be arre/$ at ! high] level4 ,to ! promot]s ( :at is s\nd & re=m]s ( :at is faulty 9 mod]n culture1 e?nography has d\ble help to give4 ,to impress m5's m9ds ) a doctr9e ( developm5t1 w lead !m 9 all hon\r to _! ance/ors to cont9ue ! progressive "w ( pa/ ages1 to cont9ue x ! m vigor\sly because light has increas$ 9 ! _w1 & :]e b>b>ic hordes grop$ bl9dly1 cultur$ m5 c (t5 move onw>d ) cle> view4 ,x is a h>%]1 & at times ev5 pa9ful1 (fice ( e?nography to expose ! rema9s ( crude old culture :i* h pass$ into h>mful sup]/ition1 & to m>k ^! out = de/ruction4 ,yet ?is "w1 if less g5ial1 is n less urg5tly ne$ful = ! good ( mank9d4 ,?us1 active at once 9 aid+ progress & 9 remov+ h9drance1 ! sci5ce ( culture is ess5tially a re=m]'s sci5ce4 ,,index4 ,abacus1 i4 #bgj4 ,acc5t1 i4 #agc4 ,acephali1 i4 #cij4 ,a*illes3--vuln]able spot1 i4 #ceh2 dream1 i4 #ddd2 9 ,hades1 ii4 #ha4 ,aco/a1 on ,am]ican ar*etypal deities1 ii4 #bdd4 ,adam1 ii4 #cab1 #cae4 lian1 i4 #cgb1 ii4 #dbc2 on ,kynokephali1 i4 #chi4 olus1 i4 #cfa1 ii4 #bfi4 sculapius3--incubation 9 temple1 ii4 #aba2 s]p5ts (1 ii4 #bda4 ,affirmative & negative p>ticles1 i4 #aib4 ,afghans1 race-g5ealogy (1 i4 #djc4 ,agni1 ii4 #bha1 #chf4 ,agreem5t 9 cu/om & op9ion no pro( ( s\ndness1 i4 #ac4 ,agriculture1 god (1 ii4 #cje4 ,ahriman1 ii4 #cbh4 ,ahura-,mazda1 ii4 #bhc1 #cbh1 #cee4 ,alex&] ! ,great1 i4 #cie1 ii4 #ach4 ,alfonso di ,liguori1 ,/41 bilocation (1 i4 #ddg4 ,alg]1 ,w4 ,r41 i4 #dga1 #dhd1 ii4 #hc4 ,algonqu9 languages1 animate & inanimate g5d]s1 i4 #cjb4 ,ali z ,?und]-god1 ii4 #bfd4 ,all ,s\ls'1 fea/ ( dead1 ii4 #cg4 ,allegory1 i4 #bgg1 #djh4 ,aloysius ,gonzaga1 ,/41 lett]s to1 ii4 #abb4 ,alphabet1 i4 #aga2 by raps1 i4 #ade2 z num]al s]ies1 i4 #beh4 ,amatongo1 i4 #ddc1 ii4 #aae1 #aca1 #cac1 #cfg1 #chg4 ,am5ti1 ,egyptian dead-l&1 ii4 #fg1 #ha1 #if1 #bie1 #caa4 ,amphidromia1 ii4 #dci4 ,analogy1 my? product (1 i4 #big4 ,ance/ors1 eponymic my?s (1 i4 #cih1 ii4 #bcd2 wor%ip ( div9e1 ii4 #aac1 #caa2 see ,manes-wor%ip1 ,totem-wor%ip4 ,ance/ral names indicate re-bir? ( s\ls1 ii4 #e4 ,ance/ral tablet1 ,*9ese1 ii4 #aah1 #aeb4 ,&aman ,isl&]s1 my?ic orig9 (1 i4 #cfi1 #chi4 ,angang1 om5 f meet+ animal1 i41 #abj4 ,angel1 see ,_s2 ( dea?1 i4 #bie1 ii4 #aif1 #cbb4 ,angelo1 ,/41 leg5d (1 i4 #bie4 ,anima1 animus1 i4 #dcc1 #dgj4 ,animals3--om5s f1 i4 #abj2 calls to & cries (1 #agg2 imitative names f cries1 c41 #bjf2 treat$ z human1 i4 #dfg1 ii4 #bcj2 s\ls (1 i4 #dfi2 future life & fun]al sacrifice (1 i4 #dfi1 ii4 #ge1 c42 entry & transmigration ( s\ls into & possession by spirits1 ii4 #g1 #aeb1 #afa1 #age1 #bca1 #bda1 #cgh1 c42 diseases transf]r$ to1 ii4 #adg2 see spirits invisible to m51 ii4 #aif4 ,animals1 sacr$1 inc>nations or repres5tatives ( deities1 ii4 #bca2 receive & consume sacrifices1 #cgh4 ,animal-wor%ip1 i4 #dfg1 ii4 #bbi1 #cgh4 ,animism3--def9$1 i4 #bc1 #dbe2 is ! philosophy ( religion1 i4 #dbf1 ii4 #cef2 is a primitive sci5tific sy/em ( man & nature bas$ on ! conception ( ! human s\l1 i4 #dbh1 #dii1 ii4 #ajh1 #ahd1 #cef2 its /ages ( developm5t1 survival1 & decl9e1 i4 #dii1 ii4 #aha1 #cef4 ,see ,s\l1 ,_s1 c41 c4 ,anra-,ma9yu1 ii4 #cbh4 ,ant>1 tumulus (1 ii4 #bi4 ,an?ropomorphic conceptions ( _s & deity1 ii4 #aaj1 #ahd1 #bdg1 #cce4 ,antipodes1 i4 #cib4 ,ape-m51 i4 #cgi2 apes deg5]ate m51 #cgf2 c b w n talk1 #cgi4 ,apollo1 ii4 #bid4 ,apophis-s]p5t1 ii4 #bda4 ,apo!osis1 ii4 #abj4 ,app>itional s\l1 i4 #dbh2 its lik5ess to body1 #dej4 ,app>itions1 i4 #adc1 #ddj1 #dde1 #dgh1 ii4 #bd1 #ahg1 #daj1 c4 ,ar*etypal deities & ideas1 ii4 #bdc4 ,ares1 ii4 #cjh4 ,argos ,panoptes1 i4 #cbj4 ,argyll1 ,duke (1 on primval man1 i4 #fj4 ,ari?metic1 see ,c\nt+4 ,arri]o1 i4 #aia4 ,arr[s1 magic1 i4 #cde4 ,artemidorus1 on dream-om5s1 i4 #abb4 ,artemis1 ii4 #cjb4 ,aryan race3--no savage tribe among1 i4 #di2 antiquity ( culture1 i4 #ed4 ,asc5dant 9 horoscope1 i4 #abi4 ,a%]a1 wor%ip (1 ii4 #aff1 #bbf4 ,a%es /rewn = _s-footpr9ts1 i4 #dee4 ii4 #aig4 ,asmodeus1 ii4 #bed4 ,association ( ideas1 f\ndation ( magic1 i4 #aaf4 ,a/rology1 i4 #abh1 #bia4 ,atah5tsic1 ii4 #bii1 #cji1 #cbc4 ,atahocan1 ii4 #cbc1 #cdj4 ,atavism1 expla9$ by transmigration1 ii4 #c4 ,a!i/1 use ( ^w1 i4 #dbj4 ,augury1 c41 i4 #aai4 ,see ii4 #agi1 #bcb4 ,augu/9e1 ,/41 i4 #aii1 #dda1 ii4 #ed1 #dbg2 on dreams1 i4 #dda2 on incubi1 ii4 #aij4 ,augu/us1 g5ius (1 ii4 #bjb4 ,avat>s1 ii4 #bci4 ,av]nus1 ,lake1 ii4 #de4 ,ay5bite ( ,inwyt1 i4 #def4 ,baal-,%eme%1 ii4 #bie4 ,bacon1 ,"l1 on allegory1 i4 #bgg4 ,btyls1 animat$ /ones1 ii4 #aff4 ,baku1 burn+ wells (1 ii4 #bha4 ,baldr1 i4 #dfd4 ,bale1 ,bi%op1 i4 #chd2 on wit*craft1 i4 #adb4 ,b&s1 cl]ical1 i4 #ah4 ,baptism1 ii4 #ddj2 ori5tation 91 #dbg4 ,b>+-,g\ld1 ,s41 on w]ewolves1 i4 #cad4 ,ba/ian1 ,adolf1 ,m5s* 9 d] ,ges*i*te1 i4 vi42 ii4 #bji1 #bbb1 #bdb1 #bhj1 c4 ,baudet1 etymology (1 i4 #dac4 ,beal1 ii4 #beb1 #djh4 ,be>1 ,great1 i4 #cei4 ,bea/-fables1 i4 #cha1 #dji4 ,bees1 tell+1 i4 #bhg4 ,bel1 ii4 #bic1 #chj1 #chd4 ,b]keley1 ,bi%op1 on ideas1 i4 #dii2 on =ce & matt]1 ii4 #afj4 ,bewit*+ by objects1 i4 #aaf4 ,bible & key1 ordeal by1 i4 #abh4 ,bilocation1 i4 #ddg4 ,bird1 ( ?und]1 i4 #cfb2 bird conveys _s1 ii4 #afa1 #age4 ,black/one's ,comm5t>ies1 i4 #bj4 ,blemmy1 headless m51 i4 #cij4 ,blood3--relat$ to s\l1 i4 #dca2 revives gho/s1 ii4 #dh2 (f]$ to deities1 #cha2 sub/itute = life1 #djb4 ,blood-r$ /a91 my?s to acc\nt =1 i4 #djf4 ,bloodsuck]s1 ii4 #aia4 ,bl[-tube1 i4 #fg4 ,bo tree1 ii4 #bah4 ,bo>'s head1 ii4 #djh4 ,boats )\t iron1 my? on1 i4 #cgd4 ,bo*ica1 i4 #cec1 ii4 #bij4 ,boehme1 ,jacob1 on man's primitive k1 ii4 #ahe4 ,bolotu1 ii4 #bb1 #fb1 #caj4 ,boni ,hom9es1 i4 #gg4 ,book ( ,dead1 ,egyptian1 ii4 #ac1 #if4 ,boom]ang1 i4 #fg4 ,boreas1 i4 #cfb1 ii4 #bfh4 ,bosjesman1 etymology ( ^w1 i4 #cha4 ,b[ & ,arr[1 i4 #g1 #ae1 #fd1 #gc4 ,brahma1 ii4 #ced1 #dbe4 ,brahmanism3--fun]al rites1 i4 #dfe1 c42 transmigration1 ii4 #i1 #ai1 #ig2 manes-wor%ip1 #aai2 /one-wor%ip1 #afd2 idolatry1 #agh2 animal-wor%ip1 #bch2 sun-wor%ip1 #bib2 ori5tation1 #dbe2 lu/ration1 #dcg4 ,brea?1 its relation to s\l1 i4 #dcb4 ,bride-capture1 game (1 i4 #gb4 ,bridge1 fir/ cross+1 i4 #ajf2 ( dead1 i4 #die1 ii4 #ej1 #id1 #ajj1 c4 ,br9ton1 ,d4 ,g41 i4 #ec1 #cfa1 ii4 #ij1 #cdj2 on duali/ic my?s1 ii4 #cbj4 ,brita91 eponymic k+s (1 i4 #djj2 voyage ( s\ls to1 ii4 #fd4 ,brosses1 ,c4 de1 on deg5]ation & developm5t1 i4 #cf2 orig9 ( language1 #afa2 feti%ism1 ii4 #add2 species-deities1 #bdf4 ,br[ne1 ,sir ,?os41 on magnetic m\nta91 i4 #cge4 ,brutus1 evil g5ius (1 ii4 #bjc4 ,brynhild1 i4 #dfe4 ,buck1 buck1 game (1 i4 #gd4 ,buddha1 transmigrations (1 i4 #dad1 ii4 #aa4 ,buddhism3--culture-tradition1 i4 #da2 sa9ts rise 9 air1 i4 #adi2 transmigration1 ii4 #aa1 #bj1 #ig2 nirvana1 ii4 #gi2 tree-wor%ip1 i4 #dgf1 ii4 #bag2 s]p5t-wor%ip1 #bdj2 religi\s =mulas1 #cgb4 ,build+s1 victim immur$ 9 f\ndation1 i4 #ajd1 c42 my?ic f\nd]s (1 i4 #cid4 ,bull1 ,bi%op1 on gu>dian angels1 ii4 #bjc4 ,bura ,p5nu1 ii4 #cbg1 #cej1 #cfh1 #djd4 ,burial1 gho/ w&]s till1 ii4 #bg2 corpse laid ea/ & we/1 #dbc4 ,burn+ oats f /raw1 i4 #dd4 ,burton1 ,r4 ,f41 cont9uance-!ory ( future life1 ii4 #ge2 disease-spirits1 #aej4 ,burton1 ,anatomy ( ,melan*oly1 incubi1 c41 ii4 #aia4 ,bus*mann1 on nature-s\nd1 i4 #bbc4 ,butl]1 ,bi%op1 on natural religion1 ii4 #cef4 ,cacodmon1 ii4 #ach1 #bjb4 ,cs>1 on ,g]man deities1 ii4 #bid4 ,cagots1 i4 #aae1 #chd4 ,calls to animals1 i4 #agg4 ,calmet1 on s\ls1 i4 #deg2 on spirits1 ii4 #ahh1 c4 ,calumet1 i4 #baj4 ,c&les aga9/ demons1 ii4 #aid4 ,cant1 my? on ^w1 i4 #cig4 ,c>d9al numb]s1 i4 #beg4 ,c>ds1 ,play+1 i4 #hb1 #abf4 ,cassava1 i4 #fc4 ,ca/rn1 ii4 #hj1 #aee1 #agg1 #bde1 #cea1 c4 ,cave-m51 condition (1 i4 #ei4 ,c]emonies1 religi\s1 ii4 #cfb1 c4 ,c]es1 ii4 #cjf4 ,*ances1 games (1 _! relation to arts ( div9ation1 i4 #gh4 ,*anticle]1 i4 #dac4 ,*>iv>i at eclipse1 i4 #cbi4 ,*>ms3--objects1 i4 #aah1 ii4 #adh2 =mulas1 _! relation to pray]s1 ii4 #cgc4 ,*>on1 i4 #dij1 ii4 #ic4 ,*e/]field1 ,"l1 on cu/oms1 i4 #ie2 on om5s1 i4 #aah4 ,*ic1 my? on ^w1 i4 #cig4 ,*ild-bir?-goddess1 ii4 #cje4 ,*ildr51 num]ical s]ies ( names =1 i4 #bed2 suckl$ by wild bea/s1 i4 #bha2 receive ance/ors' s\ls & names1 ii4 #d2 sacrifice (1 ii4 #cih1 #djc4 ,*ildr5's language1 i4 #bbc4 ,*9a1 religion (3--fun]al rites1 i4 #dfd1 #dic2 manes-wor%ip1 ii4 #aah2 cultus ( heav5 & e>?1 #beg1 #bgb1 #ceb2 div9e hi]>*y1 #ceb2 pray]1 #cgj2 sacrifices1 #che1 #dje4 ,*9ese culture-tradition1 i4 #dj2 rema9s 9 ,borneo1 i4 #eg4 ,*iromancy or palmi/ry1 i4 #abe4 ,*irp or twitt] ( gho/s1 c41 i4 #dec4 ,*ri/mas1 orig9 (1 ii4 #big4 ,*ronology1 limits ( anci5t1 i4 #ed4 ,cic]o1 on dreams1 i4 #ddd2 sun-gods1 ii4 #bid4 ,civilization1 see ,culture4 ,civilization-my?s1 i4 #ci1 #cec4 ,civiliz$ m5 adopt savage life1 i4 #de4 ,clairvoyance1 by objects1 i4 #aaf4 ,cla%+ rocks1 my? (1 i4 #cdg4 ,clicks1 i4 #aga1 #aib4 ,cocoa-nut1 div9ation by1 i4 #hj4 ,co9 plac$ ) dead1 i4 #dij1 #did4 ,columba1 ,/41 leg5d (1 i4 #ajd4 ,columbus1 8 que/ ( ,e>?ly ,p>adise1 ii4 #fa4 ,common1 "r (1 i4 #bj4 ,comp>ative !ology1 ii4 #bea4 ,comte1 ,augu/e1 i4 #ai2 feti%ism1 i4 #dgg1 ii4 #add1 #ced2 species-deities1 #bdb4 ,confucius1 i4 #aeg2 fun]al sacrifice1 i4 #dfd1 ii4 #db2 spirits1 #bjf2 "n ( supreme deity1 #ceb4 ,consonants1 i4 #afi4 ,con/ellations1 my?s (1 i4 #bij1 #cef4 ,cont9uance-!ory ( future life1 ii4 #ge4 ,convulsions3--by demoniacal possession1 ii4 #acj2 artificially produc$1 #daf4 ,convulsionnaires1 ii4 #dbj4 ,copal inc5se1 ii4 #chd4 ,cord1 magical connexion by1 i4 #aag4 ,corpse tak5 out by special op5+ 9 h\se1 ii4 #bf2 s\l rema9s ne>1 ii4 #bi1 #aej4 ,cortes1 i4 #cai4 ,co/ume1 i4 #ah4 ,c\nt+1 art ( i4 #bb1 #bdj1 c42 on f+]s & toes1 #bdd2 by lett]s ( alphabet1 c41 #beh2 d]ivation ( num]al words1 #bdg2 evid5ce ( indep5d5t developm5t ( l[ tribes1 #bga4 ,c\nt+ games1 i4 #ge1 #hg4 ,c\vade1 9 ,s\? ,india1 i4 #hd4 ,c[1 "n (1 i4 #bjh2 purification by nirang1 c41 ii4 #dch4 ,cox1 ,g4 ,w41 i4 #cda1 #cdf1 #cfb4 ,creator1 doctr9e (1 ii4 #bdi1 #cab1 #cba1 c4 ,cr$ibility ( tradition1 i4 #bge1 #cgj4 ,crete1 e>? (1 fatal to s]p5ts1 i4 #cgb4 ,cromle*s & m5hirs objects ( wor%ip1 ii4 #afd4 ,culture3-- def9ition (1 i4 #a2 scale (1 i4 #bf2 primitive1 repres5t$ by mod]n savages1 i4 #ba1 #fh1 ii4 #ddc1 c42 developm5t (1 i4 #ba1 c41 #fb1 c41 #bcg1 #bgj1 #dag1 c41 ii4 #cef1 #dde2 evid5ce ( indep5d5t progress f l[ /ages1 i4 #ef1 c42 survival 9 culture1 #gj1 c42 evid5ce ( e>ly culture f language1 #bcf2 art ( c\nt+1 #bgj2 my?1 #bhd2 religion1 i4 #ejj1 ii4 #ajb1 #ahd1 #cef1 c42 practical import ( /udy ( culture1 #ddc4 ,curtius1 ,m>cus1 leap (1 ii4 #cgh4 ,curupa1 cohoba1 n>cotic us$ 9 ,w4 ,ind4 & ,s4 ,am]41 ii4 #daf4 ,cu/oms1 p]man5ce (1 i4 #gj1 #aef2 rational orig9 (1 #id4 ,cu/oms ( ,dahome1 i4 #dfb4 ,cyclops1 i4 #cia4 ,cyrus1 i4 #bha1 #bhf4 ,danc+ = religi\s excitem5t1 ii4 #acc1 #dbj4 ,danse ,macabre1 my? on "n1 i4 #cig4 ,dante1 ,div9a ,comm$ia1 ii4 #ee1 #bbj4 ,daphne1 ii4 #bbj4 ,d>k1 evil spirits 91 ii4 #aid4 ,d>w91 ,*>les1 i4 vii41 ii4 #aeb1 #bbc4 ,das5t1 ,g4 ,w41 i4 #ai4 ,dav5port ,bro!rs1 i4 #aeb1 #caa4 ,dawn1 i4 #cch1 c4 ,day1 sun z eye (1 i4 #cej4 ,day & ,night1 my?s (1 i4 #cbb1 #ccg1 c41 ii4 #dh1 #cbc4 ,dead1 use objects sacrific$ = !m1 i4 #dhe2 fea/s (1 ii4 #bi2 region ( future life (1 ii4 #ei1 #gd1 #bdd2 god & judge (1 ii4 #ge1 c41 #cjh4 ,deaf & ,dumb1 c\nt+1 i4 #bdd1 #bfb2 _! my?ic ideas1 i4 #bih1 #dac4 ,dea?3-- ascrib$ to sorc]y1 i4 #ach2 om5s (1 i4 #ade1 #ddi2 angel (1 i4 #bie1 ii4 #aif1 #ccb2 p]sonification & my?s (1 i4 #bie1 #cdi1 #cee1 ii4 #df1 c41 #cji2 dea? & sunset1 my?s (1 i4 #cce1 ii4 #dh2 exit ( s\l at dea?1 i4 #ddh1 ii4 #a1 c42 dea? ( s\l1 ii4 #bb4 ,dea?-wat*1 i4 #adf4 ,decimal notation1 i4 #bfa4 ,deg5]ation 9 culture1 i4 #ce1 c42 is a second>y action1 i4 #ch1 #fi2 examples (1 9 ,africa1 ,nor? ,am]ica1 c41 i4 #dg4 ,delphi1 oracle (1 i4 #id1 ii4 #ach4 ,demet]1 i4 #cbh1 ii4 #bgc1 #cjf4 ,democritus1 !ory ( ideas1 i4 #dig4 ,demons3--s\ls become1 ii4 #bg1 #aaa1 c42 iron1 *>m aga9/1 i4 #adj2 p]vade _w1 ii4 #aaa1 #acg1 #ahe1 c42 disease-demons1 #abf1 c41 #agg1 #aib1 #bae2 wat]-demons1 i4 #aji1 ii4 #bji2 tree & =e/ demons1 ii4 #bae1 #bbb2 possession & obsession by demons1 i4 #ih1 #aeb1 #cji1 ii4 #aaa1 #abc1 c41 #agi1 #djd2 expulsion (1 i4 #ajc1 ii4 #abe1 #aii1 #dch2 answ] 9 own "n ?r\gh pati5t or m$ium1 ii4 #abd1 c41 #ahb1 #djd4 ,d5did1 creation-poem (1 ii4 #ba4 ,deod&1 orig9 (1 i4 #bj1 #bhg4 ,de/ruction ( objects sacrific$ to dead1 i4 #dhc2 to deities1 ii4 #cgf1 c4 ,developm5t ( culture1 see ,culture4 ,developm5t my?s1 m5 f apes1 c41 i4 #cgf4 ,devil3--z satyr1 i4 #cjg2 devils' tree1 ii4 #adh2 devil-danc]s1 ii4 #acc2 devil-wor%ipp]s1 ii4 #cbi4 ,dice1 = div9ation & gambl+1 i4 #hb4 ,dies ,natalis1 ii4 #bjb1 #big4 ,diff]5tial words1 phonetic expression ( di/ance & sex1 i4 #bbj4 ,dirge1 ,lyke-wake1 i4 #die2 ( ,ho1 ii4 #cb4 ,disease3--p]sonification & my?s (1 i4 #bie2 caus$ by exit ( s\l1 i4 #dcf2 by demoniacal possession1 c41 i4 #abg1 ii4 #aad1 #abc1 #djd2 disease-spirits1 ii4 #abe1 c41 #agh1 #bae1 #djh2 embodi$ 9 objects or animals1 #adf1 #agh1 c41 see ,demons1 ,vampires4 ,di/ance express$ by phonetic modification1 i4 #bbj4 ,div9ation3--lots1 i4 #gh2 symbolic processes1 #ha1 #aag2 augury1 c41 #aai2 dreams1 #aba2 h>uspication1 #abd2 sw++ r+1 c41 #abf2 a/rology1 #abh2 possess$ objects1 i4 #abe1 ii4 #aee4 ,div9+ rod & p5dulum1 i4 #abg4 ,doctr9es borr[$ by l[ f high races3--on future life1 ii4 #ia2 dualism1 #caf2 supremacy1 #ccc4 ,dodona1 oak (1 ii4 #bai4 ,dog-head$ m51 i4 #chi4 ,dolm5s1 c41 my?s sugge/$ by1 i4 #chg4 ,dom9a ,abundia1 ii4 #chi4 ,dook1 gho/1 i4 #dcc4 ,d',orbigny1 on religion ( l[ tribes1 i4 #dai2 on sun-wor%ip1 ii4 #bhf4 ,dravidian languages1 high & l[ g5d]1 i4 #cjb4 ,dreams3-- om5s by1 i4 #aba2 by contr>ies1 #abb2 caus$ by exit ( s\l1 i4 #ddj2 by spiritual visit to s\l1 i4 #ddb1 #dgh2 evid5ce ( future life1 ii4 #bd1 #di1 #ge2 oracul> fa/+ =1 #daj2 n>cotiz+ =1 #daf4 ,drift1 /one implem5ts f1 i4 #eh4 ,driv]s' & ,drov]s' words1 i4 #ahj4 ,dr[n+1 sup]/ition aga9/ rescu+ f1 i4 #ajg2 caus$ by spirits1 #aji1 ii4 #bji4 ,drugs us$ to produce morbid excitem5t1 dreams1 visions1 c41 ii4 #daf4 ,dual & plural numb]s 9 primitive culture1 i4 #bfe4 ,dualism3--good & evil spirits1 ii4 #ahf2 good & evil g5ius1 #bjb2 good & evil deity1 #caf4 ,dusii1 ii4 #aij4 ,dw>fs1 my?s (1 i4 #che4 ,dyu1 ii4 #beh4 ,e>?1 my?s (1 i4 #cbb1 c41 #cfd1 ii4 #bgj1 #cbj4 ,e>?-be>]1 i4 #cfd4 ,e>?-goddess & e>?-wor%ip1 i4 #cbb1 c41 ii4 #bgj1 #cjf1 #cde4 ,e>?-"m1 i4 #cbf1 c41 #cfe4 ,e>?quake1 my?s (1 i4 #cfd4 ,e>?ly ,p>adise1 ii4 #eg1 c4 ,e>?ly resurrection1 ii4 #e4 ,ea/ & ,we/1 burial ( dead1 turn+ to 9 wor%ip1 adju/+ temples t[>d1 ii4 #chc1 #dbb4 ,ea/] fires & fe/ivals1 ii4 #big4 ,eclipse1 my?s (1 i4 #bhh1 #cbi1 #cef2 driv+ (f eclipse mon/]1 i4 #cbh4 ,ec/asy1 swoon1 c43-- by exit ( s\l1 i4 #dci3 by demoniacal possession1 ii4 #acj2 induc$ by fa/+1 drugs1 excitem5t1 ii4 #daj1 c4 ,edda1 i4 #hd1 ii4 #gg1 c4 ,egypt1 antiquity ( culture1 i4 #ed2 religion (1 future life1 ii4 #ac1 #if2 animal wor%ip1 #bch2 sun-wor%ip1 #bie1 #caa2 dualism1 #cbg2 poly!ism & supremacy1 #cee4 ,el1 ii4 #cee4 ,elagabal1 ,elagabalus1 ,heliogabalus1 ii4 #bie1 #cih4 ,elem5ts1 wor%ip ( ! f\r1 ii4 #cjc4 ,elf-furr[s1 my? (1 i4 #cic4 ,elijah z ?und]-god1 ii4 #bfd4 ,elysium1 ii4 #ig4 ,embodim5t ( s\ls & spirits1 ii4 #c1 #abc1 c4 ,emotional tone1 i4 #aff1 c4 ,emphasis1 i4 #agc4 ,endor1 wit* (1 i4 #ddf4 ,en]gum5s or demoniacs1 ii4 #aci4 ,engli%man1 ,p]uvian my? (1 i4 #ced4 ,enigmas1 ,greek1 i4 #ic4 ,eno*1 ,book (1 i4 #djh4 ,en?usiasm1 *ang$ signification (1 ii4 #ahc4 ,epicurean !ory ( developm5t ( culture1 i4 #cg1 #fj2 ( s\l1 #def2 ( ideas1 #dig4 ,epileptic fits by demoniacal possession1 ii4 #acj1 #acg2 induc$1 #dai4 ,eponymic ance/ors1 c41 my?s (1 i4 #chg1 #cih1 c41 ii4 #bce4 ,ess5ce ( food consum$ by s\ls1 ii4 #ci2 by deities1 #cha4 ,e!real sub/ance ( s\l1 i4 #ded2 ( _s1 ii4 #aih4 ,e?nological evid5ce f my?s ( mon/r\s tribes1 i4 #cgi1 c42 f eponymic race-g5ealogies1 #dja4 ,etiquette1 significance (1 i4 #ie4 ,etymological my?s3-- names ( places1 i4 #cie2 ( p]sons1 #cif2 nations1 cities1 c41 trac$ to eponymic ance/ors or f\nd]s1 #cih1 c4 ,euhem]ism1 i4 #bgi4 ,evans1 ,sir ,john1 on /one implem5ts1 i4 #fe2 ,seba/ian1 i4 #ajf1 #dec4 ,evil deity1 ii4 #caf1 c42 wor%ipp$ only1 #cbj4 ,excitem5t ( convulsions1 c41 = religi\s purposes1 ii4 #acc1 #dai4 ,exet]1 my? on "n (1 i4 #cif4 ,exorcism & expulsion ( s\ls & spirits1 i4 #ajb1 #ded1 ii4 #bf1 #dj1 #abe1 c41 #adf1 #agi1 #aii1 #dch4 ,expression ( feature causes correspond+ tone1 i4 #afe1 #ahc4 ,expressive s\nd modifies words1 i4 #bae4 ,ex-voto (f]+1 ii4 #djf1 #dji4 ,eye ( day1 ( ,od91 ( ,grai1 i4 #cej4 ,fables ( animals1 i4 #cha1 #dji4 ,famili> spirits1 ii4 #aii4 ,fancy1 9 my?ology1 i4 #cae1 #dje4 ,fa/+ = dreams & visions1 i4 #cjf1 #dde1 ii4 #daj4 ,fauns & satyrs1 ii4 #bbg4 ,fea/s ( ! dead1 ii4 #cj2 sacrificial banquets1 #cie4 ,f]alia1 ii4 #db4 ,f]gusson1 ,jas41 on tree-wor%ip1 ii4 #bah2 s]p5t-wor%ip1 #bdj4 ,fet* or wrai?1 i4 #ddh1 #deb4 ,feti%1 etymology (1 ii4 #adc4 ,feti%ism3--def9$1 ii4 #adc2 doctr9e (1 i4 #dgg1 ii4 #aeg1 c41 #age1 #bje1 #bae1 #bgj1 c42 survival (1 ii4 #afj2 its relation to philosophical !ory ( =ce1 #afj2 to nature-wor%ip1 #bje2 to animal-wor%ip1 #bca2 transition to poly!ism1 #bdc2 to supremacy1 #cce2 to pan!ism1 #ced4 ,fiji & ,s4 ,africa1 moon-my? common to1 i4 #cee4 ,f+]-jo9ts cut (f z sacrifice1 ii4 #djj4 ,f+]s & toes1 c\nt+ on1 i4 #bdb4 ,f9ns1 z sorc]]s1 i4 #hd1 #aae4 ,fire1 pass+ ?r\gh or ov]1 i4 #he1 ii4 #bha1 #dbi1 c42 light$ on grave1 i4 #dhd2 drives (f spirits1 ii4 #aid2 new fire1 ii4 #bgh1 #bij1 #big1 #dcb2 p]petual fire1 #bgh2 sacrifice by fire1 #chc1 c4 ,fire-drill1 i4 #ae1 #ej2 c]emonial & sportive survival (1 #ge1 ii4 #bha4 ,fire-god & fire-wor%ip1 ii4 #bgg1 #cgf1 c41 #djc4 ,firmam5t1 belief 9 exi/5ce (1 i4 #bii1 ii4 #gj4 ,fir/ ,cause1 doctr9e (1 ii4 #cce4 ,food (f]$ to dead1 i4 #dhe1 ii4 #cj1 c42 to deities1 ii4 #cig2 h[ consum$1 ii4 #ci1 #cgf4 ,footpr9ts ( s\ls & spirits1 ii4 #aig4 ,=e/-spirits1 ii4 #bae1 c4 ,=malism1 ii4 #cfc1 #cga4 ,=mulas3--pray]s1 ii4 #cga2 *>ms1 #cgc4 ,=tunate ,isles1 ii4 #fc4 ,f\r w9ds1 c>d9al po9ts1 i4 #cfa4 ,frances1 ,/41 h] gu>dian angels1 ii4 #bjc4 ,fr5* num]al s]ies 9 ,engli%1 i4 #bfh4 ,fumigation1 see ,lu/ration4 ,fun]al procession3-- horse l$ 91 i4 #dfc1 #dgd2 kill p]sons meet+1 #dfd4 ,fun]al sacrifice3-- att5dants & wives kill$ = s]vice ( dead1 i4 #deh2 animals1 #dgb2 objects deposit$ or de/roy$1 #dha2 motives (1 #deh1 #dgb1 #dhc2 survival (1 #dfc1 #dgd1 #dib2 see ,fea/ ( ,dead4 ,future ,life1 i4 #dai1 #dfi1 #dhj1 ii4 #a1 c41 #ajj2 transmigration ( s\l1 ii4 #b2 rema9+ on e>? or dep>ture to _s-_w1 ii4 #bb2 :e!r races )\t belief 91 #bj2 connexion ) evid5ce ( s5ses 9 dreams & visions1 #bd1 #di2 locality ( region ( dep>t$ s\ls1 #dd1 #gd2 vision>y visits to1 #df2 connexion ( sol> ideas )1 #dh1 #gd1 #caa1 #dbb2 "* ( future life1 #gd2 cont9uance-!ory1 #ge2 retribution-!ory1 #hc2 introduction ( moral elem5t1 #aj1 #hc2 /ages or doctr9e ( future life1 #ajj2 its practical effect on mank9d1 #ajd2 god ( ! dead1 #cjh4 ,gambl+ num]als1 i4 #bfh4 ,games3-- *ildr5's games relat$ to s]i\s occupations1 i4 #gb2 c\nt+-games1 #gd2 games ( *ance relat$ to arts ( div9ation1 #gh4 ,gatak]1 on lots1 i4 #gi4 ,gates ( ,hades1 ,night1 ,dea?1 i4 #cdg4 ,gayatri1 daily sun-pray] ( ,brahmans1 ii4 #bib4 ,g5d]s1 di/+ui%$ z male & female1 animate & inanimate1 c41 i4 #cja4 ,g5ghis-,khan1 wor%ipp$1 ii4 #aag4 ,g5ius1 patron or natal1 ii4 #aii1 #baf2 good & evil1 #bjc2 *ang$ signification ( ^w1 #aha4 ,g]man & ,sc&9avian my?ology & religion3-- fun]al sacrifice1 i4 #dfd1 #dia2 ,walhalla1 ii4 #gi1 #hh2 ,hel1 i4 #cdg1 ii4 #hh2 ,od91 ,wod51 i4 #cea1 #cfb1 ii4 #bfi2 ,loki1 i4 #hc1 #cfe2 ,?or1 ,?und]1 ii4 #bff2 ,sun & ,moon1 i4 #bhi1 ii4 #bid4 ,ge/ure-language1 & ge/ure accompany+ language1 i4 #afc2 effect ( ge/ure on vocal tone1 #afe2 ge/ure-c\nt+ orig9al me?od1 i4 #bdf4 ,gheb]s or ,g\rs1 fire-wor%ipp]s1 ii4 #bhb4 ,gheel1 treatm5t ( lunatics at1 ii4 #adc4 ,gho/3--gho/-s\l1 i4 #adb1 #dbh1 #dcc1 #dde1 #dhh2 se5 9 dreams & visions1 #ddj1 c42 voice (1 #deb2 sub/ance & weight (1 #dec2 ( m51 animals1 & objects1 #dbi1 #dfi1 #dgi2 popul> !ory inconsi/5t & brok5 d[n f primitive1 #dgi2 gho/ z h>mful & v5geful demons1 ii4 #bg2 gho/s ( unburi$ w&]1 ii4 #bh2 gho/s rema9 ne> corpse or dwell+1 ii4 #bi1 c42 lay+ gho/s1 ii4 #aec1 #aid4 ,giants1 my?s (1 i4 #chf4 ,gibbon1 on developm5t ( culture1 i4 #cc4 ,glanvil1 ,saducismus ,triumphatus1 ii4 #adj4 ,glass-m\nta91 ,anafielas1 i4 #dib4 ,godless mon?1 ii4 #cej4 ,gods3--se5 9 vision1 i4 #cjf2 ( wat]s1 ii4 #bji2 ( trees1 groves1 & =e/s1 #bae2 embodi$ 9 or repres5t$ by animals1 #bca2 gods ( species1 #bdb2 high] gods ( poly!ism1 #bdg1 c42 ( dualism1 #caf2 gods ( diff]5t religions comp>$1 #bej2 classifi$ by common attributes1 #bed4 ,gog & ,magog1 i4 #chf1 c4 ,goguet1 on deg5]ation & developm5t1 i4 #cb4 ,gold1 wor%ipp$1 ii4 #aed4 ,good & evil1 rudim5t>y di/9ction (1 ii4 #hi1 #cah2 good & evil spirits & duali/ic deities1 #cag4 ,goodman's cr(t1 ii4 #djh4 ,grai1 eye (1 i4 #ceb4 ,great ,_s1 ii4 #bef1 #cbd1 #cci1 #cdc1 #ced1 #cfe1 #cie4 ,great-e>$ tribes1 i4 #chh4 ,greek my?ology & religion3--nature-my?s1 i4 #cbj1 #cbh1 #cdi2 fun]al rites1 #dfd1 #dij2 future life1 ii4 #ec1 #fc1 c42 nature-spirits & poly!ism1 #bjf1 c42 ,zeus1 #beh1 c41 #cee2 ,demet]1 #bgc1 #cjf2 ,n]eus1 ,poseidon1 #bgg2 ,hephai/os1 ,he/ia1 #bhd2 ,apollo1 #bid2 ,hekate1 ,artemis1 #cjb2 /one-wor%ip1 #afe2 sacrifice1 #chf1 #cif2 ori5tation1 #dbf2 lu/ration1 #dci4 ,grey1 ,sir ,george1 i4 #cbb4 ,grote1 ,george1 on my?ology1 i4 #bgf1 #djj4 ,grove-spirits1 ii4 #bae4 ,gu>ani1 "n (1 i4 #dja4 ,gu>dian spirits & angels1 ii4 #aii4 ,gulf ( dead1 ii4 #fb4 ,gun?ram1 dream ( i4 #ddb4 ,gypsies1 i4 #di1 #aae4 ,hades1 "u-_w ( dep>t$ s\ls1 i4 #cce1 #cdj1 ii4 #fe1 c41 #ha1 #ig1 #cji2 desc5t into1 i4 #cdj1 #cde1 ii4 #de1 #ed1 #hc2 p]sonification (1 i4 #cdj1 ii4 #ee1 #cji1 #caa4 ,haet%1 ,kam*adal1 ii4 #df1 #cac4 ,hagiology1 ii4 #abj1 #bfa2 ris+ 9 air1 i4 #aea2 miracles1 i4 #aeg1 #cga2 second-sight1 i4 #ddi2 hagiolatry1 ii4 #abj4 ,hair1 lock (1 z (f]+1 ii4 #dja4 ,half-m51 tribes (1 i4 #cia4 ,haliburton1 on sneez+-rite1 i4 #ajc4 ,hamadryad1 ii4 #bae4 ,h&-num]als1 f c\nt+ on f+]s1 c41 i4 #bdf4 ,hanuman1 monkey-god1 i4 #cgh4 ,h>ak>i1 i4 #dfc4 ,h>mosios & ,ari/ogeiton1 ii4 #fc4 ,h>pies1 ii4 #bfi4 ,h>pocrates1 ii4 #bie4 ,h>uspication1 i4 #abc1 ii4 #agi4 ,h>ve/-deity1 ii4 #cje1 #cfd1 #cfh4 ,ha%i%1 ii4 #cgi4 ,head-hunt+1 ,dayak1 i4 #dei4 ,headless tribes1 my?s (1 i4 #cij4 ,heal?s1 dr9k+1 i4 #if4 ,he>t1 relat$ to s\l1 i4 #dca1 ii4 #aeb4 ,heav51 region ( dep>t$ s\ls1 ii4 #gj4 ,heav5 & e>?1 univ]sal fa!r & "m1 i4 #cbb1 ii4 #bgb1 #cde4 ,heav5-god1 & heav5-wor%ip1 i4 #cjf1 #cbb1 ii4 #bee1 c41 #ccg1 c41 #cfg1 #cie4 ,hebrides1 l[ culture 91 i4 #de4 ,hekate1 i4 #aej1 ii4 #cjb1 #dah4 ,hel1 dea?-goddess1 i4 #cja1 #cdg1 ii4 #hh1 #caa4 ,hell1 ii4 #ef1 #fh1 #ig2 relat$ to ,hades1 ii4 #gd1 c42 z place ( torm5t1 n conception ( savage religion1 #ajc4 ,hell5ic race-g5ealogy1 i4 #djb4 ,hell%oon1 i4 #dia4 ,hephai/os1 ii4 #bab1 #bhj4 ,h]a1 ii4 #cje4 ,h]akles1 ii4 #bid2 & ,hesione1 i4 #cci4 ,h]mes ,trismegi/us1 ii4 #agh4 ,h]motimos1 i4 #dci1 ii4 #ac4 ,h]o-*ildr5 suckl$ by bea/s1 i4 #bha4 ,hesiod1 ,isles ( ,ble/1 ii4 #fc4 ,he/ia1 ii4 #bhd4 ,hiawa?a1 poem (1 i4 #cde1 #cfa4 ,hide-boil+1 i4 #dd4 ,hi]>*y1 poly!i/ic1 ii4 #bdh1 #ccg1 #cdi1 c4 ,hiss+1 = sil5ce1 contempt1 respect1 i4 #aig4 ,hi/ory1 relation ( my? to1 i4 #bgh1 #daf1 ii4 #ddg2 criticism (1 i4 #bhj2 simil>ity ( nature-my? to1 #cbj4 ,hole to let out s\l1 i4 #dec4 ,holocau/1 ii4 #che1 #cif4 ,holyoake1 ,holywood1 c41 ii4 #bbi4 ,holy ,sepul*re1 ,ea/] fire at1 ii4 #big4 ,holy wat]1 ii4 #ahh1 #dci4 ,holy wells1 ii4 #bad4 ,horne ,tooke on int]jections1 i4 #age4 ,horse1 sacrific$ or l$ at fun]al1 i4 #dfc1 #dgc4 ,horse%oes1 aga9/ wit*es & demons1 i4 #adj4 ,h\se ab&on$ to gho/1 ii4 #be4 ,hucklesbones1 i4 #hb4 ,huitzilopo*tli1 ii4 #bed1 #cjg4 ,human sacrifice3--fun]als1 i4 #deh2 to deities1 ii4 #bga1 #che1 #chi1 #cih1 #djc4 ,humbolt1 ,w4 v41 on cont9uity1 i4 #ai2 on language1 #bcf2 on num]als1 #bec4 ,hume1 ,natural ,hi/ory ( religion1 i4 #dgg4 ,huns1 z giants1 i4 #chf4 ,hunt+-calls1 i4 #aha4 ,hurricane1 i4 #cfc4 ,hyades1 i4 #ceh4 ,hy/]ia1 c41 by possession1 ii4 #aca1 c42 induc$1 #dai4 ,iambli*us1 i4 #aej1 ii4 #ahg4 ,ideas3--,epicurean relat$ to object-s\ls1 i4 #dig2 ,platonic relat$ to species-deities1 ii4 #bdd4 ,idiots1 inspir$1 ii4 #abh4 ,idol1 see ,image4 ,idolatry z relat$ to feti%ism1 ii4 #afh4 ,images3--fall5 f heav51 i4 #aeg2 z sub/itutes 9 sacrifice1 i4 #dfc1 ii4 #dje2 f$ & treat$ z alive1 ii4 #agj2 mov+1 weep+1 sweat+1 c41 #aga2 animat$ by spirits or deities1 #agb4 ,imag9ation1 bas$ on exp]i5ce1 i4 #bgc1 #bih1 #cjd4 ,imitative words1 i4 #bjj2 v]bs1 c41 ( bl[+1 swell+1 mumbl+1 spitt+1 sneez+1 eat+1 c41 #bjc1 c42 names ( animals1 #bjf2 names ( musical in/rum5ts1 #bjh2 v]bs1 c41 ( /rik+1 crack+1 clapp+1 fall+1 c41 #baa2 preval5ce ( imitative words 9 savage language1 #bab2 imitative adaptation ( words1 #bad4 ,immat]iality ( s\l1 n conception ( l[] culture1 i4 #def1 ii4 #aih4 ,immortality ( s\l1 n conception ( l[] culture1 ii4 #bb4 ,implem5ts1 inv5tions (1 i4 #fd1 c4 ,incas1 my? ( ance/ry & civilization1 i4 #bhh1 #ced1 ii4 #bij1 #cja4 ,inc5se1 ii4 #chc4 ,incubi & succubi1 ii4 #ahi4 ,indig5es ( l[ culture1 i4 #ej1 c42 consid]$ z sorc]]s1 #aac2 my?s (1 z mon/]s1 #cgf1 c4 ,indo-,*9ese languages1 musical pit* ( v[els1 i4 #afi4 ,indra1 i4 #cbj1 ii4 #bfe4 ,infant1 lu/ration (1 ii4 #dcj1 c4 ,inf]nus1 ii4 #ha4 ,innoc5t ,,viii41 bull aga9/ wit*craft1 i4 #aci1 ii4 #aij4 ,inspiration1 ii4 #abd1 c4 ,inspir$ idiot1 ii4 #abh4 ,int]jectional words3--v]bs1 c4 ( wail+1 laugh+1 insult+1 compla9+1 fe>+1 driv+1 c41 i4 #ahg2 hu%+1 hiss+1 loa?+1 hat+1 c41 #aig4 ,int]jections1 i4 #age2 s5se-words us$ z1 #agf2 directly expressive s\nds1 #ahc4 ,intoxicat+ liquor1 abs5ce (1 i4 #fc4 ,intoxication z a rite1 ii4 #dag4 ,inv5tions1 developm5t (1 i4 #ad1 #fb2 my?s (1 #ci1 #cib4 ,iosco1 ,ioskeha & ,tawisc>a1 my? (1 i4 #bhh1 #cdh1 ii4 #cbc4 ,irel&1 l[ culture 91 i4 #dd4 ,iron1 *>m aga9/ wit*es1 elves1 c41 i4 #adj4 ,isl&s1 e>? (1 fatal to s]p5ts1 i4 #cgb2 ( ,ble/1 ii4 #eg4 ,italian num]al s]ies 9 ,engli%1 i4 #bfh4 ,jameson1 ,mrs41 on p>ables1 i4 #dad4 ,janu>ius1 ,/41 blood (1 i4 #aeg4 ,j]ome1 ,/41 ii4 #dbh4 ,jew's h>p1 v[els s\nd$ )1 i4 #afh4 ,john1 ,/41 ,midsumm] fe/ival (1 ii4 #bih4 ,johnson1 ,dr41 i4 #f1 ii4 #bd4 ,jonah1 i4 #cbi4 ,jones1 ,sir ,w41 on nature deities1 ii4 #bec1 #bhf4 ,joss-/icks1 ii4 #chd4 ,j\rney to _s-_w1 region ( dead1 i4 #dha1 ii4 #dd1 c4 ,judge ( dead1 ii4 #ib1 #cad4 ,julius ,cs>1 i4 #cbj4 ,jupit]1 i4 #cej1 ii4 #beh1 c4 ,kaaba1 black /one (1 ii4 #aff4 ,kalewala1 ,f9ni% epic1 ii4 #df1 #hj1 #ic1 #bfa4 ,kali1 ii4 #dbe4 ,kami-religion ( ,japan1 ii4 #aag1 #cja1 #cej4 ,kang-hi on magnetic ne$le1 i4 #cge4 ,ka!no!ism1 ii4 #ced4 ,keltic c\nt+ by scores cont9u$ 9 ,fr5* & ,engli%1 i4 #bfc4 ,kepl] on _w-s\l1 ii4 #ced4 ,kimm]ian d>kness1 ii4 #dh4 ,kiss+1 i4 #fc4 ,kit*i ,manitu & ,mat*i ,manitu1 ,great & ,evil ,_s1 ii4 #cbd4 ,klemm1 ,gu/av1 on developm5t ( implem5ts1 i4 #fd4 ,kobong1 ii4 #bce4 ,koran1 i4 #djg1 ii4 #gg1 #bif4 ,kottabos1 game (1 i4 #hb4 ,kronos swall[+ *ildr51 i4 #cda4 ,kynokephali1 i4 #chi4 ,lake-dwell]s1 i4 #fa4 ,language3--i4 #ag1 #bcf1 ii4 #dde2 directly expressive elem5t 91 i4 #afj2 correspond5ce ( ?is 9 diff]5t languages1 #afc2 int]jectional =ms1 #age2 imitative =ms1 #bjj2 diff]5tial =ms1 #bbj2 *ildr5's language1 #bbc2 orig9 & developm5t ( language1 #bbi2 relation ( language to my?ology1 #bii2 g5d]1 #cja2 language attribut$ to birds1 c41 #ai1 #dfi2 place ( language 9 developm5t ( culture1 ii4 #dde4 ,langue d'oc1 c41 i4 #aic4 ,la/ brea?1 inhal+1 i4 #dcc4 ,lay+ gho/s1 ii4 #be1 #aec4 ,legge1 ,j41 on ,confucius1 ii4 #ceb4 ,leibnitz1 i4 #b4 ,lewes1 ,g4 ,h41 i4 #dig4 ,liebre*t1 ,felix1 i4 vii41 #ajh1 #agg1 #cdh-i1 ii4 #bd1 #afd1 #aie1 c4 ,life caus$ by s\l1 i4 #dcf4 ,light & d>kness1 analogy ( good & evil1 ii4 #cbd4 ,lik5ess ( relatives acc\nt$ = by re-bir? ( s\l1 ii4 #c4 ,limbus ,patrum1 ii4 #hc4 ,l9nu1 "n (1 ii4 #bbi4 ,little ,r$ ,rid+-hood1 i4 #cda4 ,loki1 #hc1 #cfe4 ,lots1 div9ation & gambl+ by1 i4 #gh4 ,lubbock1 ,sir ,j43-- evid5ce ( metallurgy & pott]y1 aga9/ deg5]ation-!ory1 i4 #eg2 on l[ tribes describ$ z )\t religi\s ideas1 i4 #dba2 on wat]-wor%ip1 ii4 #baj2 on totemism1 ii4 #bcg4 ,lucian1 i4 #adi1 ii4 #ac1 #eb1 #fg1 #cjb1 #dbf4 ,luc9a1 ii4 #cjb4 ,lucretius1 i4 #dj1 #fj1 #dih4 ,lunatics1 demoniacal possession (1 ii4 #abd1 c4 ,lu/ration1 by wat] & fire1 ii4 #dbi1 c42 ( new-born *ildr51 #dcj2 ( wom51 #dcb2 ( ^? pollut$ by blood or corpse1 #dcc2 g5]al1 #dcd1 c4 ,lu!r1 on wit*es1 i4 #acg2 on gu>dian angels1 ii4 #bjc4 ,lyell1 ,sir ,c41 on deg5]ation-!ory1 i4 #eg4 ,ly+ 9 /ate1 ( ,k+ ( ,france1 ii4 #ce4 ,lyke-wake dirge1 i4 #die4 ,mc,lennan1 ,j4 ,f41 !ory ( totemism1 ii4 #bcf4 ,macrocosm1 i4 #cej1 ii4 #ced4 ,madness & idiocy by possession1 ii4 #abh1 c41 #agi4 ,magic3-- orig9 & developm5t1 i4 #aab1 #acb2 belongs to l[ level ( culture1 #aab2 attribut$ to l[ tribes1 #aac2 bas$ on association ( ideas1 #aaf2 processes ( div9ation1 #gh1 #aah2 relation to ,/one ,age1 #abg2 see ,feti%ism4 ,magnetic ,m\nta91 philosophical my? (1 i4 #cgd4 ,mai/re1 ,c\nt de1 on deg5]ation 9 culture1 i4 #ce2 a/rology1 #abh2 animation ( />s1 #bia4 ,makrokephali1 i4 #cia4 ,malleus ,malefic>um1 ii4 #adj1 #aia4 ,man1 primitive condition (1 i4 #ba1 ii4 #ddc2 see ,savage4 ,man ( ! woods1 bu%man1 orang-utan1 i4 #cha4 ,man swall[$ by mon/]1 nature-my? (1 i4 #cce1 c4 ,manco ,capac1 i4 #ced4 ,manes & manes-wor%ip1 i4 #ih1 #adc1 #dcd1 ii4 #h1 #aaa1 c41 #abi1 #afb1 #cjg1 #cfd2 !ory (1 ii4 #aac1 c42 div9e ance/or or fir/ man z great deity1 #caa1 #cdg4 ,mani*ism1 ii4 #ad1 #ccj4 ,manitu1 ii4 #bdi1 #cbd1 #cci4 ,manoa1 gold5 city (1 ii4 #bdi4 ,manu1 laws (3--ordeal by wat]1 i4 #ada2 pitris1 ii4 #aai4 ,m>cus ,curtius1 leap (1 ii4 #cgh4 ,m>g>et1 ,/41 i4 #cdj4 ,m>kham1 ,c4 ,r41 i4 vii41 ii4 #ccg1 #cff1 #cib1 c4 ,m>riages 9 ,may1 i4 #gj4 ,m>s1 ii4 #cjh4 ,m>tius1 ,dr4 ,v41 on dualism1 ii4 #cbe4 ,m>uts1 ,v$ic1 i4 #cfb1 ii4 #bfh4 ,mass1 ii4 #daj4 ,ma/] ( life or brea?1 ii4 #cci1 #cdc1 #cfe4 ,mat]iality ( s\l1 i4 #dec2 ( _s1 ii4 #aih4 ,maui1 i4 #cce1 #cdc1 #cfj1 ii4 #bec1 #bfg1 #bgi4 ,maundevile1 ,sir ,john1 i4 #cge1 ii4 #de4 ,m$ic9e1 ( ,n4 ,a4 ,indians1 ii4 #aed1 #bjj1 #bcc1 #cgb1 c41 #daa4 ,me9]s1 ,hi/ory ( ,religions1 ii4 #bg1 #dh1 c4 ,melissa1 i4 #dia4 ,m5 desc5d$ f apes1 my?s (1 i4 #cgf2 m5 ) tails1 #chc4 ,m5&]1 gu>dian g5ius1 ii4 #bja4 ,m]it & dem]it1 ,buddhi/1 ii4 #ab1 #ih4 ,messalians1 i4 #ajc4 ,metaphor1 i4 #bcd1 #big2 my?s f1 #dje4 ,metaphysics1 relation ( animism to1 i4 #dig1 ii4 #bdb1 #caa4 ,metempsy*osis1 i4 #cgi1 #dji1 #dfi1 #dgf1 ii4 #b2 orig9 (1 ii4 #af4 ,mic>e digitis1 i4 #ge4 ,middleton1 ,cony]s1 i4 #aeg1 ii4 #aba4 ,midg>d-snake1 ii4 #bda4 ,midsumm] fe/ival1 ii4 #bih4 ,milk & blood1 sacrifices (1 ii4 #dh2 see ,blood4 ,milky ,way1 my?s (1 i4 #cei1 ii4 #gb4 ,mill1 ,j4 ,s41 on ideas ( numb]1 i4 #bdj4 ,milton1 on eponymic k+s ( ,brita91 i4 #djj4 ,m9ne1 dr9k+1 i4 #if4 ,m9ucius ,felix1 on spirits1 c41 ii4 #agi4 ,miracles1 i4 #bgf1 #cga1 ii4 #aba4 ,mi?ra1 i4 #cea1 ii4 #bic1 #big4 ,moa1 leg5d (1 ii4 #ej4 ,mohamm$1 leg5d (1 i4 #djg4 ,molo*1 ii4 #djc4 ,money borr[$ to be repaid 9 next life1 i4 #dia4 ,monkeys1 pres]v$ z dw>fs1 i4 #chh2 see ,apes4 ,mono!ism1 ii4 #cca4 ,mon/]1 driv5 (f at eclipse1 i4 #cbh2 h]o or maid5 dev\r$ by1 #cce4 ,mon/r\s my?ic human tribes1 ape-l1 tail$1 gigantic & dw>fi%1 noseless1 great-e>$1 dog-head$1 c41 i4 #cgf1 c42 _! e?nological significance1 #cgi1 c4 ,mon?'s m9d1 i4 #hc4 ,moon3-- om5s & influ5ce by *anges1 i4 #acj2 my?s (1 #bhh1 #ced2 incon/ant1 #ced2 *anges typical ( dea? & new life1 i4 #ced1 ii4 #cjj2 moon-my?s common to ,s4 ,africa & ,fiji1 i4 #ced1 & to ,b5gal & ,malay ,p59sula1 #cef2 moon abode ( dep>t$ s\ls1 ii4 #gj4 ,moon-god & moon-wor%ip1 i4 #bhi1 ii4 #bii1 c41 #cbc4 ,moral & social condition ( l[ tribes1 i4 #bi1 c4 ,moral elem5t 9 culture1 i4 #bh2 abs5t or scanty 9 l[] religions1 i4 #bdg1 ii4 #cfa2 divides l[] f high] religions1 ii4 #cfa2 introduc$ 9 fun]al sacrifice1 i4 #die2 9 transmigration1 ii4 #ab2 9 future life1 #he1 c42 9 dualism1 #caf1 c42 9 pray]1 #cgc2 9 sacrifice1 #chf1 c42 9 lu/ration1 #dbi4 ,morals & law1 ii4 #ddh4 ,morbid imag9ation relat$ to my?1 i4 #cje4 ,morbid excitem5t = religi\s purposes1 ii4 #daf1 c4 ,morn+ & ev5+ />s1 my?s (1 i4 #cdd1 #cej4 ,morra1 game (1 9 ,europe & ,*9a1 i4 #ge4 ,morz9e1 demoniacal possessions at1 i4 #aeb1 ii4 #ada4 ,m\nd-build]s1 i4 #ef4 ,m\nta91 abode ( dep>t$ s\ls on1 ii4 #fj2 asc5d+ = ra91 #bfj4 ,m\? ( ,night & ,dea?1 my?s (1 i4 #cdg4 ,mll]1 ,j4 ,g41 on future life1 ii4 #ij1 c4 ,mll]1 ,max3--on language & my?1 i4 #bii2 fun]al rites ( ,brahmans1 #dff2 heav5-god1 ii4 #beh1 #cec2 sun-my? ( ,yama1 #cad2 ,*9ese ,religion1 #ceb2 ka!no!ism1 #ced4 ,mummies1 ii4 #ai1 #cd1 #aea4 ,musical in/rum5ts nam$ f s\nd1 i4 #bjh4 ,musical tone us$ 9 language1 i4 #afh1 #agd4 ,mutilation ( s\l ) body1 i4 #dea4 ,my?ology3--i4 #bc1 #bgc1 c42 =mation & laws (1 #bgc1 c42 allegorical int]pretation1 #bgg2 mixture ) hi/ory1 #bgh2 rationalization1 euhem]ism1 c41 #bgh2 classification & int]pretation1 #bha1 #cag1 c42 nature-my?s1 #bhd1 #caf1 c42 p]sonification & animation ( nature1 #bhe2 grammatical g5d] z relat$ to1 #cja2 p]sonal names ( objects z relat$ to1 #cjc2 morbid delusion1 #cje2 simil>ity ( nature-my?s to real hi/ory1 #cai2 hi/orical import ( my?ology1 i4 #daf1 ii4 #ddf2 its place 9 culture1 ii4 #ddf2 philosophical my?s1 i4 #cff2 explanatory leg5ds1 #cib2 etymological my?s1 #cie2 eponymic my?s1 #cii2 leg5ds f fancy & metaphor1 #dje2 realiz$ or pragmatic leg5ds1 #djg2 allegory & p>ables1 #djh4 ,my?s3--my?-riddles1 i4 #ic2 orig9 ( sneez+-rite1 #aja2 f\ndation-sacrifice1 #ajd2 h]oes suckl$ by bea/s1 #bha2 sun1 moon1 & />s1 #bhh1 c42 eclipse1 #bhh2 wat]sp\t1 #bib2 s&-pill>1 #bic2 ra9b[1 #bic1 #big2 wat]falls1 rocks1 c41 #bie2 disease1 dea?1 pe/il5ce1 #bie2 ph5om5a ( nature1 #big1 #cbj2 heav5 & e>?1 i4 #cbb1 ii4 #cde2 sunrise & sunset1 day & night1 dea? & life1 i4 #cce1 ii4 #dh1 #fb1 #cbb2 moon1 incon/ant1 typical ( dea?1 i4 #cec2 civilization-leg5ds1 #ci1 #cec2 w9ds1 i4 #cfa1 ii4 #bff2 ?und]1 i4 #cfb1 ii4 #bfd2 m5 & apes1 developm5t & deg5]ation1 i4 #cgh2 ape-m51 #cgi2 m5 ) tails1 #chb2 giants & dw>fs1 #che2 mon/r\s m51 #chi2 p]sonal names introduc$1 #cid2 race-g5ealogies ( nations1 #djb2 bea/-fables1 #dji2 visits to _s-_w1 ii4 #df1 c42 giant ) s\l 9 egg1 #aec2 trans=mation into trees1 #bai2 duali/ic my? ( two bro!rs1 #cbj4 ,nagas1 s]p5t-wor%ipp]s1 ii4 #bah1 #bdj4 ,names3-- ( *ildr5 9 num]ical s]ies1 i4 #bed2 ( objects z relat$ to my?1 #cjc2 ( p]sonal h]oes introduc$ into my?s1 #cid2 ( places1 tribes1 c\ntries1 c41 my?s =m$ f1 #cif2 ance/ral names giv5 to *ildr51 ii4 #d2 "n-giv+ c]emonials1 ii4 #dbi4 ,natural religion1 i4 #dbg1 ii4 #ajc1 #cef4 ,nature1 conceiv$ ( z p]sonal & animat$1 i4 #bhe1 #dgh1 ii4 #ahd4 ,nature-deities1 poly!i/ic1 ii4 #bee1 #cgf4 ,nature-my?s1 i4 #bhd1 #caf1 c41 #cbf4 ,nature-spirits1 elves1 nymphs1 c41 ii4 #ahd1 #bjd1 c4 ,necromancy1 i4 #adc1 #cab1 #ddf2 see ,manes4 ,negative & affirmative p>ticles1 i4 #aib4 ,negroes re-born z :ites1 ii4 #e4 ,neo or ,hawaneu1 ii4 #ccc4 ,neptune1 ii4 #bgf4 ,n]eus1 ii4 #bgd1 #bgg4 ,neuri1 i4 #cac4 ,new bir? ( s\l1 ii4 #c4 ,newton1 ,sir ,isaac1 on s5sible species1 i4 #dih4 ,nic5e ,c\ncil1 _s-writ+ at1 i4 #adh4 ,nicodemus1 ,gospel (1 ii4 #ed4 ,niebuhr1 on orig9 ( culture1 i4 #da4 ,night1 my?s (1 i4 #ccd1 ii4 #dh1 #fa4 ,nightm>e-demon1 ii4 #ahi1 #aic4 ,nilsson1 ,sv51 on developm5t ( culture1 i4 #fa1 #fd4 ,nirvana1 ii4 #ab1 #gi4 ,nix1 wat]-demon1 i4 #aaj1 ii4 #bac4 ,norns or ,fates1 i4 #ceb4 ,noseless tribes1 i4 #chh4 ,notation1 ari?metical1 qu9>y1 decimal1 vigesimal1 i4 #bfa4 ,num]als3--l[ tribes only to #c or #e1 i4 #bdb2 d]ivation ( num]als f c\nt+ f+]s & toes1 #bdf2 f o!r significant objects1 #bea2 s]ies ( numb]-names ( *ildr51 #bed2 new =mation ( num]als1 #bee2 etymology (1 #bei1 #bgj2 num]als borr[$ f =eign languages1 #bff2 initials ( num]als1 us$ z figures1 #bfi2 see ,notation4 ,nympholepsy1 ii4 #acg4 ,nymphs3--wat]-nymphs1 ii4 #bab2 tree-nymphs1 #bai1 #bbg4 ,objectivity ( dreams & visions1 i4 #ddb1 #dgi2 ab&on$1 #ejj4 ,objects treat$ z p]sonal1 i4 #bhf1 #dgg1 ii4 #bje2 s\ls or phantoms ( objects1 i4 #dgh1 #dig1 ii4 #i2 dispat*$ to dead by fun]al sacrifice1 i4 #dha4 ,occult sci5ces1 see ,magic4 ,od91 or ,wod51 z heav5-god1 i4 #cea1 #cfb1 ii4 #bfi2 "o-ey$1 i4 #cea4 ,odysseus1 unb9d+ (1 i4 #aec2 desc5t to ,hades1 i4 #cdf1 ii4 #dh1 #fe4 ,ohio1 ,ont>io1 i4 #aij4 ,ojibwa1 my? (1 i4 #cde1 ii4 #df4 ,oki1 demon1 ii4 #bjh1 #bee1 #cdb4 ,old man ( sea1 ii4 #bgg4 ,om5s1 i4 #ig1 #aah1 c41 #ade1 #ddi4 ,omophore1 ,mani*an1 i4 #cfe4 ,"o-ey$ tribes1 i4 #cia4 ,oneiromancy1 i4 #aba4 ,op5+ to let out s\l1 i4 #dec4 ,ophiolatry1 see ,s]p5t-wor%ip4 ,ophites1 ii4 #bdb4 ,oracles1 i4 #id1 ii4 #daa2 by inspiration or possession1 ii4 #abd1 c41 #agi4 ,orang-utan1 i4 #cha4 ,orcus1 ii4 #fg1 #hj4 ,ordeal by fire1 i4 #he2 by sieve & %e>s1 #abh2 by wat]1 #adj2 by be>'s head1 ii4 #bca4 ,ord9al numb]s1 i4 #beg4 ,oregon1 ,orejones1 i4 #chi4 ,ori5tation1 sol> rite or symbolism1 ii4 #dbb4 ,orig9 ( language1 i4 #bca2 num]als1 #bdg4 ,orion1 i4 #ceh1 ii4 #ha4 ,ormuzd1 ii4 #bhc1 #cbh4 ,orpheus & ,eurydike1 i4 #cdf1 ii4 #dh4 ,osiris1 ii4 #fg1 #bie2 & ,isis1 i4 #bhi4 ,otiose supreme deity1 ii4 #cbj1 #ccf1 c4 ,outca/s1 di/9ct f savages1 i4 #dc1 #di4 ,owa91 ,sir1 visit to ,purgatory1 ii4 #ef4 ,pa*acamac1 ii4 #ccg1 #cff4 ,p&ora1 my? (1 i4 #djh4 ,panotii1 i4 #chi4 ,pan!ism1 ii4 #ccb1 #cda1 #ced4 ,papa1 mamma1 c41 i4 #bbc4 ,pap] figures sub/itutes 9 sacrifice1 i4 #dfd1 #dic1 ii4 #dje4 ,p>ables1 i4 #daa4 ,p>s pro toto 9 sacrifice1 ii4 #cii4 ,p>!nog5esis1 ii4 #aij1 #cjg4 ,p>ticles1 affirmative & negative1 i4 #aib2 ( di/ance1 #bbj4 ,passage de l',enf]1 ii4 #fe4 ,patrick1 ,/41 i4 #cgb2 8 ,purgatory1 i4 #de1 #ee4 ,patroklos1 i4 #ddd1 #dfd4 ,patron sa9ts1 ii4 #abj2 patron spirits1 #aii4 ,patt]n & matt]1 ii4 #bdf4 ,p5nycomequick1 i4 #cif4 ,p]i&]1 i4 #dia4 ,p]kun1 ,p]un1 ii4 #bff4 ,p]sephone1 my? (1 i4 #cba4 ,p]seus & ,&rom$a1 i4 #cci4 ,p]sian race-g5ealogy1 i4 #djc4 ,p]sonal names1 9 my?ology1 i4 #cjc1 #cid1 #cif4 ,p]sonification3--natural ph5om5a1 i4 #bh1 c41 #cbj1 #dgg1 ii4 #bje1 #bed2 disease1 dea?1 c41 i4 #bie2 ideas1 #cjj2 tribes1 cities1 c\ntries1 c41 #cci2 ,hades1 i4 #cci1 ii4 #ee4 ,pe/il5ce1 p]sonification & my?s (1 i4 #bie4 ,pet] & ,paul1 ,acts (1 i4 #cgb4 ,petit bonhomme1 game (1 i4 #gg4 ,petronius ,arbit]1 i4 #ge1 ii4 #bfa4 ,philology1 ,g5]ative1 i4 #aih1 #bcj4 ,philosophical my?s1 i4 #cfh4 ,phrase-melody1 i4 #agd4 ,pill>s ( ,h]cules1 i4 #cie4 ,pipe1 i4 #bjh4 ,pi!cus1 i4 #cgg4 ,places1 my?s f names (1 i4 #cie4 ,plan*ette1 i4 #adg4 ,plants1 s\ls (1 i4 #dgd4 ,pla?1 on ,*9ese religion1 ii4 #ceb1 c4 ,plato1 on transmigration1 ii4 #ac2 ,platonic ideas1 #bdd4 ,pleiades1 i4 #bia1 #ceh4 ,pl9y on magic1 i4 #acc2 on eclipses1 #ccd4 ,plurality ( s\ls1 i4 #dcc4 ,plut>*1 visits to _s-_w1 ii4 #ec4 ,pneuma1 psy*e1 i4 #dcc1 c4 ,po9t]-facts1 i4 #fb4 ,poly!ism1 ii4 #bdg1 c42 bas$ on analogy ( human society1 ii4 #bdh1 #ccg1 #cdi1 #ceb2 classification ( deities by attributes1 #bee2 heav5-god1 #bee1 #ccd1 c42 ra9-god1 #bei2 ?und]-god1 #bfb2 w9d-god1 #bff2 e>?-god1 #bgj2 wat]-god1 #bgd2 sea-god1 #bge2 fire-god1 #bgg2 sun-god1 #bhf1 #cce1 c42 moon-god1 #bii2 gods ( *ildbir?1 agriculture1 w>1 c41 #cjd2 god & judge ( dead1 #cjh2 fir/ man1 div9e ance/or1 #caa2 evil deity1 #caf2 supreme deity1 #ccb2 relation ( poly!ism to mono!ism1 #cca4 ,popul> rhymes1 c41 i4 #hf2 say+s1 i4 #ai1 #hc1 #abb1 #cac1 ii4 #bfh1 #cec4 ,poseidon1 i4 #cfe1 ii4 #bgg1 #cgh4 ,possession & obsession1 see ,demons1 ,embodim5t4 ,pott1 ,a4 ,f41 on r$uplication1 i4 #bai2 on num]als1 #bfa4 ,pott]y1 evid5ce f rema9s1 i4 #ef2 abs5ce ( pott]'s :eel1 #de1 #fc4 ,pozzuoli1 my? ( subsid5ce (1 i4 #cgb4 ,pragmatic or realiz$ my?s1 i4 #djg4 ,pray]3-- doctr9e (1 ii4 #cfd1 c42 relation to nationality1 #cga2 introduction ( moral elem5t1 #cgc2 pray]s1 i4 #ih1 ii4 #acf1 #bjh1 #bfa1 #bhj1 #bib1 #cbi1 #cch1 #cfd1 c41 #dce2 ros>y1 ii4 #cgb2 pray]-mill & pray]-:eel1 #cgb4 ,prehi/oric ar*ology1 i4 #ee1 c42 ii4 #ddc4 ,prie/s consume sacrifices1 ii4 #cgi4 ,pri?ivi1 i4 #cbg1 ii4 #beh1 #bgb4 ,procopius1 voyage ( s\ls to ,brita91 ii4 #fd4 ,progression 9 culture1 i4 #ad1 #cb2 inv5tions1 #fb1 c42 language1 #bcf2 ari?metic1 #bgj2 philosophy ( religion1 see ,animism4 ,prome!us1 i4 #cfe1 ii4 #djj4 ,prov]bs1 i4 #hd1 c42 see ,popul> ,say+s4 ,psy*ology1 i4 #dbh4 ,pupil ( eye1 relat$ to s\l1 i4 #dca4 ,purgatory1 ii4 #fh1 #ib2 ,/4 ,patrick's1 #ee4 ,purification1 see ,lu/ration4 ,puss1 i4 #agh4 ,pygmies1 my?s (1 i4 #che2 connect$ ) dolm5s1 #chg2 monkeys z1 #chh4 ,py?agoras1 metempsy*osis1 ii4 #ac4 ,quat]n>y p]iod1 i4 #eh4 ,quetelet1 on social laws1 i4 #aa4 ,qu9>y num]ation & notation1 i4 #bfa2 9 ,roman num]al lett]s1 #bfc4 ,races3-- di/ribution ( culture among1 i4 #di2 culture ( mix$ races1 ,gau*os1 c41 #df1 #eb2 e?nology 9 eponymic g5ealogies1 #dja2 moral condition ( l[ races1 #bf2 consid]$ z magicians1 #aac2 z mon/]s1 #chj4 ,rahu & ,ketu1 eclipse-mon/]s1 i4 #cgi4 ,ra9-god1 ii4 #bed1 #bei4 ,ra9b[1 my?s (1 i4 vii4 #bic1 ii4 #bci4 ,ral/on1 ,w4 ,r41 i4 #cdb1 ii4 #bde1 c4 ,rangi & ,papa1 i4 #cbb1 ii4 #cde4 ,rapp+1 om5s & communications by1 i4 #add1 ii4 #bba4 ,rationalization ( my?s1 i4 #bgh4 ,r$ ,swan1 my? (1 i4 #cde4 ,r$uplication1 i4 #bai4 ,reid1 ,dr41 on ideas1 i4 #dii4 ,relics1 ii4 #aej4 ,religion1 i4 #bb1 ii4 #ceg1 #ddi2 :e!r any tribes )\t1 i4 #dag2 acc\nts mislead+ among l[ tribes1 #dai2 rudim5t>y def9ition (1 #dbd2 adoption f =eign religions1 future life1 ii4 #ia2 ideas & names ( deities1 #bed1 #cji1 #cca1 #cdd2 dualism1 #caf1 #cbb2 supreme deity1 #ccc2 natural religion1 i4 #dbg1 ii4 #ajc1 #cef4 ,resurrection1 ii4 #e1 #ah4 ,retribution-!ory ( future life1 ii4 #hc2 n conception ( l[] culture1 #hc4 ,return & re/oration ( s\l1 i4 #dcf4 ,revival1 9 culture1 i4 #acf1 #ada4 ,revivals1 morbid symptoms 9 religi\s1 ii4 #dba4 ,reyn>d ! ,fox1 i4 #dab4 ,riddles1 i4 #ij4 ,r+1 div9ation by sw++1 i4 #abf4 ,ris+ 9 air1 sup]natural1 i4 #adi1 ii4 #dae4 ,rites1 religi\s1 ii4 #cfb1 c4 ,riv] ( dea?1 i4 #dgc1 #dhj1 ii4 #bc1 #bi1 #ea1 #id4 ,riv]-gods & riv]-wor%ip1 ii4 #bji4 ,riv]-spirits1 i4 #aji1 ii4 #bji1 #djg4 ,rock1 _s (1 ii4 #bjg4 ,roman my?ology & religion3--fun]al rites1 ii4 #db2 future life1 #de1 #fg1 #ha2 nature-spirits1 #bbj1 #bbg2 poly!ism1 #bea2 ,jupit]1 #beh1 #bfe2 ,neptune1 #bgg2 ,ve/a1 #bhe2 ,luc9a1 #cjb1 c4 ,roman num]al lett]s1 i4 #bfc4 ,romulus1 patron deity ( *ildr51 ii4 #aba2 & ,remus1 i4 #bha4 ,ros>y1 ii4 #cgb4 ,sabism1 ii4 #bif4 ,sacr$ spr+s1 /reams1 c41 ii4 #bji2 trees & groves1 #bbb2 animals1 #bcd1 #cgh4 ,sacrifice3--orig9 & !ory (1 ii4 #cge1 c41 #bjg1 #bfi2 mann] ( consumption or reception by deity1 #baf1 #cgf1 c41 see #ci2 motive ( sacrific]1 #cic1 c42 sub/itution1 #cii2 survival1 i4 #gf1 ii4 #bad1 #bbh1 #djf4 ,sa9t-,foix1 i4 #dgd1 ii4 #ce4 ,sa9ts1 wor%ip (1 ii4 #abj4 ,samson's riddle1 i4 #ic4 ,san*onia?on1 ii4 #bba4 ,s&-pill>1 my?s (1 i4 #bic4 ,sanskrit roots1 i4 #aig1 #bbd4 ,savage1 man ( woods1 i4 #chb4 ,savage culture z repres5tative ( primitive culture3--i4 #ba1 ii4 #ddc2 magic1 wit*craft1 & spiritualism1 i4 #aab1 c42 language1 i4 #bcf1 ii4 #dde2 num]als1 i4 #bdb2 my?1 #bhd1 #cbd2 doctr9e ( s\ls1 #dii2 future life1 ii4 #ajb2 animi/ic !ory ( nature1 i4 #bhe1 ii4 #ahj1 #cef2 poly!ism1 #bdh2 dualism1 #cag2 supremacy1 #ccd2 rites & c]emonies1 #cfc1 #cge1 #daa1 #dba1 #dbi4 ,savit>1 ii4 #bib4 ,scalp1 i4 #dfj4 ,scores1 c\nt+ by1 i4 #bfc4 ,sea1 my?s (1 ii4 #bge4 ,sea-god & sea-wor%ip1 ii4 #bge1 #cgg4 ,second dea?1 ii4 #bb4 ,second sight1 i4 #adc1 #ddg4 ,semitic race1 no savage tribe among1 i4 #di2 antiquity ( culture1 #ed2 race-g5ealogy1 #djd4 ,s5na>1 i4 #cie4 ,s]p5t emblem ( immortality & et]nity1 ii4 #bda4 ,s]p5t-wor%ip1 ii4 #h1 #bci1 #caj1 #cdg4 ,sex di/+ui%$ by phonetic modification1 i4 #bbb4 ,%ad[ relat$ to s\l1 i4 #dcj1 #dce2 %ad[less m51 #he1 #dcj4 ,%ell-m\nds1 i4 #fa4 ,%eol1 ii4 #fh1 #ha2 gates (1 i4 #cdg4 ,%+les1 disease1 i4 #cjg4 ,%\ld]-blade1 div9ation by1 i4 #abd4 ,sieve & %e>s1 oracle by1 i4 #abh4 ,silv] at new moon1 ii4 #cjb4 ,s+-bonga1 ii4 #bia1 #cej4 ,skylla & ,*>ybdis1 ii4 #bjh4 ,slaves sacrific$ to s]ve dead1 i4 #deh4 ,sl+1 i4 #gc4 ,snakes1 de/roy$ 9 ,irel&1 c41 i4 #cgb4 ,sneez+1 salutation on1 i4 #ig2 connect$ ) spiritual influ5ce1 #ig4 ,social rank reta9$ 9 future life1 ii4 #bb1 #hd4 ,sokrates1 ii4 #acg1 #bid2 demon ( #bjb2 pray] (1 #cgc4 ,soma1 ,haoma1 ii4 #dah4 ,s\l1 doctr9e (1 def9ition & g5]al c\rse 9 hi/ory1 i4 #dbh1 #dii2 cause ( life1 #dbh2 qualities z conceiv$ by l[] races1 #dbh2 conception (1 relat$ to dreams & visions1 i4 #dbi1 ii4 #bd1 #daj2 relat$ to %ad[1 he>t1 blood1 pupil ( eye1 brea?1 i4 #dcj2 plurality or division (1 #dcd2 exit (1 i4 #cji1 #dch1 c41 #ddh1 ii4 #ej2 re/oration (1 i4 #dcf1 #dge2 trance1 ec/asy1 #dci2 dreams1 #ddj2 visions1 #dde2 s\l n visible to all1 #ddf2 lik5ess to body1 i4 #dej2 mutilat$ ) body1 #dea2 voice1 a :isp]1 *irp1 c41 #deb2 mat]ial sub/ance ( s\l1 i4 #dec1 ii4 #aih2 e!reality n immat]iality (1 9 l[] culture1 i4 #def2 human s\ls transmitt$ by fun]al sacrifice to future life1 i4 #deh1 ii4 #ca2 s\ls ( animals1 i4 #dfg1 ii4 #da2 _! future life & transmission by fun]al sacrifice1 i4 #dfi2 s\ls ( plants1 trees1 c41 i4 #dgd1 ii4 #aj2 s\ls ( objects1 i4 #dgf1 ii4 #i1 #ge1 #aec1 c42 transmission by fun]al sacrifice1 i4 #dha2 convey$ or consum$ 9 sacrifice to deities1 ii4 #baf1 #chi2 object-s\ls relat$ to ideas1 i4 #dig2 exi/5ce ( s\l aft] dea? ( body1 i4 #dbh1 c41 ii4 #a1 c42 transmigration or metempsy*osis1 ii4 #b2 new bir? 9 human body1 #c2 9 animal body1 plant1 in]t object1 #i1 c42 s\ls rema9 on e>? among survivors1 ne> dwell+1 corpse1 or tomb1 i4 #adh1 #ddg1 ii4 #be1 c41 #aej2 s\ls call$ up by necromanc] or m$ium1 i4 #adc1 #cab1 #ddf1 ii4 #acf1 c42 food set out =1 ii4 #cj1 c42 region ( dep>t$ s\ls1 ii4 #ei1 c41 #gc1 #bdd2 future life (1 i4 #deh1 c41 ii4 #gd1 c42 relation ( s\l to _s 9 g5]al1 ii4 #aji2 s\ls pass into demons1 patron-spirits1 deities1 #aaa1 #abd1 #aib1 #bjj1 #cfd1 #cge2 manes-wor%ip1 #aab1 c42 s\ls embodi$ 9 m51 animals1 plants1 objects1 #adg1 #aec1 #aib1 #bcb2 my/ic mean+ ( ^w s\l1 #cei4 ,s\l ( _w1 ii4 #cce1 c41 #ced4 ,s\l-mass cake1 ii4 #dc4 ,s\nd-words1 i4 #bca4 ,speak+ ma*9e1 i4 #agj4 ,spe>-?r[]1 i4 #ff4 ,species-deities1 ii4 #bdb4 ,sp5c] & ,gill51 ii4 #bcf4 ,sph9x1 i4 #ij4 ,_s3--c\rse ( mean+ ( ^w1 i4 #dcc1 ii4 #aha1 #bjf1 #cei2 animism1 doctr9e ( spirits1 i4 #dbd1 ii4 #ajh1 #cef2 doctr9e ( _s f\nd$ on t ( s\l1 ii4 #aji2 spirits connect$ & conf\nd$ ) s\ls1 ii4 #aji1 #cfc2 spirits se5 9 dreams & visions1 i4 #cjf1 #ddj1 ii4 #aed1 #ahi1 #aid1 #daa2 action ( spirits1 i4 #abe1 ii4 #aaa1 c42 embodim5t ( spirits1 ii4 #abc2 disease by attack (1 #abf2 oracul> inspiration by1 #acj2 :i/l+1 c41 voice (1 i4 #dec1 ii4 #ace2 act ?r\gh feti%es1 ii4 #adc1 c42 ?r\gh idols1 #afg2 spirits causes ( nature1 #ahe1 #bjd1 c41 #bej2 good & evil spirits1 #ahf1 #cai2 spirits sw>m 9 d>k1 fire drives (f1 #aid2 se5 by animals1 #aif2 footpr9ts (1 i4 #dee1 ii4 #aig2 e!real-mat]ial sub/ance (1 ii4 #aih2 exclusion1 expulsion1 exorcism (1 #abe1 #aii2 patron1 gu>dian1 & famili> spirits1 #aii2 nature-spirits ( volcanoes1 :irlpools1 rocks1 c41 #bjg2 wat]-spirits & deities1 #bji1 #djg2 tree-spirits & deities1 #bae2 spirits subord9ate to great poly!i/ic deities1 #bdh1 c42 spirits receive pray]1 #cfc2 sacrifice1 #ge2 see ,animism1 c4 ,_s1 ,great1 ii4 #bef1 #cbd1 #cci1 c41 #ced1 #cfe1 #cie4 ,_s-footpr9ts1 i4 #dee1 ii4 #aig4 ,spiritualism1 mod]n3-- its orig9 9 savage culture1 i4 #ada1 #aee1 #dbf1 ii4 #be1 #ci2 _s-rapp+1 i4 #add1 ii4 #aic1 #bba1 #djg2 _s-writ+1 #adg2 ris+ 9 air1 #adi2 sup]natural unb9d+1 #aec2 mov+ objects1 c41 i4 #dci1 ii4 #aef1 #cai1 #dda2 m$iums1 i4 #adf1 #cab1 ii4 #acb1 #daj2 oracul> possession1 i4 #adh1 ii4 #ace1 #ada4 ,_s-_w1 j\rney or visit to1 by s\l1 i4 #dci1 #dha1 ii4 #dd1 c4 ,spitt+1 i4 #ajc2 lu/ration ) spittle1 ii4 #dci1 #dda4 ,/&+-/ones1 objects ( wor%ip1 ii4 #afd4 ,/anley1 ,a4 ,p41 ii4 #chg4 ,/>s1 my?s (1 i4 #bhh1 #cef2 s\ls (1 i4 #bia4 ,/aunton1 ,william1 8 visit to ,purgatory1 ii4 #eh4 ,/ock-&-/one-wor%ip1 ii4 #afa1 c41 #bed1 #chh4 ,/one1 my?s ( m5 turn$ to1 i4 #cec2 /one-wor%ip1 ii4 #afj1 c41 #bed1 #chh4 ,/one ,age1 i4 #ef1 c42 magic z belong+ to1 #adj2 my?s ( giants & dw>fs z belong+ to1 #che4 ,/orm1 my?s (1 i4 #cbb2 /orm-god1 i4 #cbc1 ii4 #bff4 ,/rut1 i4 #fb4 ,sub/itutes 9 sacrifice1 i4 #ajf1 #dfc1 ii4 #cii1 c4 ,succubi1 see ,incubi4 ,suck+ cure1 ii4 #adf4 ,suicide1 body (1 /ak$ d[n1 ii4 #bi1 #aic4 ,sun1 my?s (1 i4 #bhh1 #cai1 #cce1 c41 ii4 #dh1 #ff1 #cbc2 sunset1 my?s (1 connect$ ) dea? & future life1 i4 #cce1 #cde1 ii4 #dh1 c41 #caa2 sun abode ( dep>t$ s\ls1 ii4 #fi4 ,sun-god & sun-wor%ip1 i4 #ii1 #bhh1 #cec1 ii4 #bfc1 #bhe1 #cbc1 c41 #cgf1 c41 #djh1 #dbb1 c42 sun & moon z good & evil deity1 ii4 #cbd1 c4 ,sup]lative1 triple1 i4 #bfe4 ,sup]/ition1 case ( survival1 i4 #af1 #gb1 c4 ,supreme deity1 ii4 #ccb1 #cfg2 heav5-god1 c41 z1 #bee1 #ccg1 c42 sun-god z1 #bij1 #ccg1 c42 conception (1 9 manes-wor%ip1 #ccd2 z *ief ( div9e hi]>*y1 #cce1 c42 fir/ cause1 #cce4 ,survival 9 culture1 i4 #af1 c41 #gj1 c41 ii4 #djc2 *ildr5's games1 i4 #gb2 games ( *ance1 c41 #gh2 prov]bs1 #hi2 riddles1 #ia2 sneez+-salutation1 #ih2 f\ndation-sacrifice1 #ajd2 n save dr[n+1 #ajh2 magic1 wit*craft1 c41 #aab2 spiritualism1 #ada2 num]ation1 #bfb1 #bga2 deod&1 #bhg2 7-wolves1 #cac2 eclipse-mon/]1 #ccj2 animism1 i4 #ejj1 ii4 #cef2 fun]al sacrifice1 i4 #dfc1 #dgd1 #dib2 fea/s ( dead1 ii4 #ce1 #da2 possession1 #adj2 feti%ism1 #aei2 /one-wor%ip1 #afh2 wat]-wor%ip1 #bac2 fire-wor%ip1 #bhe2 sun-wor%ip1 #big2 moon-wor%ip1 #cjb2 heav5-wor%ip1 #cec2 sacrifice1 #djf1 c4 ,susurrus necromanticus1 i4 #dec1 ii4 #ace4 ,suttee1 i4 #dfe4 ,sw$5borg1 spiritualism (1 i4 #add1 #dej1 ii4 #ah1 #bjd4 ,symbolic connexion 9 magic1 c41 i4 #aaf1 c41 ii4 #add2 symbolism 9 religi\s c]emony1 ii4 #cfb1 c4 ,symplegades1 i4 #cej4 ,tabor1 i4 #bji4 ,tacitus1 i4 #ccc1 ii4 #bbh1 #bgc4 ,tail$ m51 i4 #chc4 ,tang>oa1 ,ta>oa1 ii4 #cde4 ,t>i ,p5nu1 ii4 #bga1 #cdi1 #cfh1 #djd4 ,t>onhiawagon1 ii4 #bef1 #cji4 ,t>ots1 i4 #hb4 ,t>t>us1 ii4 #ig4 ,tat> race1 culture (1 i4 #ea2 race-g5ealogy (1 #djd4 ,tattoo+1 my?ic orig9 (1 i4 #cic4 ,taylor1 ,j]emy1 on lots1 i4 #gi4 ,tee?-defac+1 my?ic orig9 (1 i4 #cic4 ,temple1 ,jewi%1 ii4 #dbf4 ,t]tullian1 i4 #def1 ii4 #ahh1 #dbg4 ,tezcatlipoca1 ii4 #aig1 #cdd1 #cia4 ,!odorus1 ,/41 *ur* (1 ii4 #aba4 ,!ophra/us1 ii4 #afe4 ,!resa1 ,/41 h] visions1 ii4 #dae4 ,?or1 ii4 #bff4 ,?\ght1 conveyance (1 by vocal tone1 i4 #aff2 ,epicurean !ory (1 #dig2 savage conception (1 ii4 #caa4 ,?\s& & ,"o ,nights3 --wat]-sp\t & s&-pill>1 i4 #bib2 ,magnetic ,m\nta91 #cgd2 ,abdallah ( ,sea & ,abdallah ( ,l&1 ii4 #ajf4 ,?und]-bird1 my?s (1 i4 #cfc1 ii4 #bfb2 ?und]-bolt1 ii4 #bfb4 ,?und]-god1 ii4 #bfb1 #cje1 #cab1 #ccg1 c4 ,ti5 & ,tu1 ii4 #beg1 #bgb1 #ceb4 ,tlaloc1 ,tlalocan1 ii4 #fa1 #bgd1 #cji4 ,tobacco smok$ z sacrifice or inc5se1 ii4 #bhg1 #cdc1 #chc2 to cause morbid vision1 c41 #dag4 ,torng>suk1 ii4 #cdj4 ,tortoise1 ,_w1 i4 #cfd4 ,totem-ance/ors1 i4 #djb1 ii4 #bce2 totemism1 ii4 #bce4 ,traditions1 cr$ibility (1 i4 #bge1 #bhj1 #cgj2 ( e>ly culture1 i4 #ci1 #eb4 ,trans=mation-my?s1 i4 #cjh1 #cgg1 ii4 #aj1 #bbj4 ,transmigration ( s\ls1 i4 #cgi1 #dji1 #dfi1 #dgf1 ii4 #b1 c42 !ory (1 ii4 #af4 ,trapezus1 i4 #cif4 ,trees1 objects susp5d$ to1 ii4 #aej1 #bbc4 ,tree-s\ls1 i4 #dge1 ii4 #aj1 #bae2 tree-spirits1 i4 #dgf1 ii4 #adh1 #bae4 ,tribe-names1 my?ic ance/ors1 i4 #cih2 tribe-deities1 ii4 #bcd4 ,tribes )\t religion1 i4 #dag4 ,tuckett1 ,f4 ,f41 i4 #cgc4 ,tumuli1 rema9s ( fun]al sacrifice 91 i4 #dhf4 ,tupan1 ii4 #bfc1 #cje1 #ccc4 ,turks1 race-g5ealogy (1 i4 #djc4 ,turnsk9s1 i4 #cjh1 c4 ,tw9 bre?r51 ,n4 ,a4 duali/ic my?1 ii4 #cbj1 c4 ,two pa?s1 allegory (1 i4 #dji4 ,uiraco*a1 ii4 #cch1 #cff4 ,ukko1 ii4 #beg1 #bfa1 #bfe4 ,ul/]1 my?ic etymology (1 ii4 #fe4 ,unb9d+1 sup]natural1 i4 #aec4 ,"u-_w1 sun & s\ls ( dead desc5d to1 ii4 #ff2 see ,hades4 ,unkulunkulu1 ii4 #aaf1 #cac1 #cdg4 ,vampires1 ii4 #aia4 ,vap\r-ba?1 n>cotic1 ( ,scy?s & ,n4 ,a4 ,indians1 ii4 #dag4 ,vasilissa ! ,beautiful1 i4 #cdb4 ,vatnsdla ,saga1 i4 #dci4 ,v$a1 i4 #ed1 #cea1 #cfb1 #dfe1 ii4 #gb1 #bfe1 #bha1 #ced1 #cga1 #chf4 ,vegetal1 s5sitive1 & rational s\ls1 i4 #dce4 ,v5triloquism1 i4 #dec1 ii4 #acb1 #ahb4 ,v]gil1 ,polydore1 ii4 #dji4 ,v]sipelles1 i4 #cjh1 c4 ,ve/a1 ii4 #bhe4 ,vigesimal notation1 i4 #bfa2 survival 9 ,fr5* & ,engli%1 #bfc4 ,visions3-- my?ic fancy 91 i4 #cje2 are app>itions ( spirits1 #adc1 #dde1 #dgh1 ii4 #aid1 #daj2 z evid5ce ( future life1 #bd1 #di2 fa/+ =1 #daj2 use ( drugs to cause1 #daf4 ,visits to _s-_w1 i4 #dcf1 #dha1 ii4 #df1 c4 ,vitruvius1 on ori5tation1 ii4 #dbg4 ,vocal tone1 i4 #aff1 c4 ,voice ( gho/s & o!r spirits1 :isp]1 twitt]1 murmur1 i4 #deb1 ii4 #acd4 ,volcano1 m\? ( und]world1 i4 #cdd1 #cfd1 ii4 #fi2 caus$ by spirits1 #bjg4 ,v[els1 i4 #afh4 ,vulcan1 ii4 #bhj1 #bhd4 ,wa9amo951 ii4 #df1 #ic4 ,waitz1 ,!odor1 ,an?ropologie d] ,naturvlk]1 i4 vi42 feti%ism1 ii4 #aeg1 #agf4 ,walhalla1 i4 #dia1 ii4 #gg1 #hh4 ,w>-god1 ii4 #cjf4 ,w>riors1 fate ( s\ls (1 ii4 #hg4 ,wassail1 i4 #ig1 #aja4 ,wat]1 spirits n cross1 i4 #ddb4 ,wat]falls & wat]sp\ts1 my?s1 (1 i4 #bib1 #bid4 ,wat]-gods & wat]-wor%ip1 ii4 #bji1 #bgd1 #cgf1 #djg4 ,wat]-spirits & wat]-mon/]s1 i4 #aji1 ii4 #bjh1 c4 ,watl+ ,/reet1 ,milky ,way1 i4 #cfj4 ,weapons1 i4 #fd1 c42 p]sonal names giv5 to1 #cjc4 ,w$gwood1 ,h5sleigh1 on imitative language1 i4 #afa4 ,weight ( s\l1 i4 #dee2 ( _s1 ii4 #aih4 ,well-wor%ip1 ii4 #bji1 c4 ,w]ewolves1 c41 doctr9e (1 i4 #aac1 #cjh1 c41 #dce1 ii4 #aic4 ,we/1 my?ic conceptions (1 z region ( night & dea?1 i4 #ccg1 #cdc1 ii4 #dh1 #fa1 #ff1 #caa1 c41 #dbb1 c42 see ,ea/ & ,we/4 ,:ately1 ,ar*bi%op1 on orig9 ( culture1 i4 #ch1 #da4 ,:eat/one1 ,sir ,c41 i4 #agj4 ,:eel-lock1 i4 #ae4 ,:irlpool1 _s (1 ii4 #bjg4 ,wid[-sacrifice1 i4 #deh4 ,wild ,hunt1 i4 #cfb1 ii4 #bfi4 ,wilson1 ,daniel1 on dual & plural1 i4 #bfe4 ,w9d gods1 ii4 #bff4 ,w9ds1 my?s (1 i4 #cfj4 ,wit*craft1 i4 #aaf1 c42 orig9 9 savage culture1 #ach2 m$ival revival1 #ach2 iron *>m aga9/1 #adj2 ordeal by wat]1 #adj2 ris+ 9 air1 #aeb2 doctr9e ( w]ewolves1 #cab2 incubi & succubi1 ii4 #aij2 wit* o9tm5t1 #dah4 ,wod51 see ,od94 ,wolf ( ,night1 i4 #cda4 ,wong1 ii4 #agf1 #bje1 #cdh4 ,_w p]vad$ by spirits1 ii4 #acg1 #ahj1 #ahe1 #bje1 #bej4 ,wor%ip z relat$ to belief1 i4 #dbg1 ii4 #cfb4 ,wrai? or fet*1 i4 #ddh1 #dea4 ,wright1 ,?omas1 ii4 #ef1 #fe4 ,wuttke1 ,adolf1 i4 #def1 c4 ,x]xes1 i4 #bhf1 ii4 #cgh4 ,yama1 ii4 #ed1 #cad4 ,yawn+1 possession1 i4 #ajb4 ,yezidism1 ii4 #cbi4 ,z5d-,ave/a1 i4 #aaf1 #cea1 ii4 #ih1 #bic1 #cbh1 #dch4 ,zeus1 i4 #cbh1 #cej1 ii4 #beh1 c41 #cec4 ,z+ani1 my? ( "n1 i4 #djj4 ,zoroa/rism1 ii4 #bj1 #ih1 #bhb1 #cai1 #cbh1 #ced1 #cgd1 #djj1 #dch4 ,,! ,,end4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes3 ,text t 0 9 italics is enclos$ by und]scores 7italics74 ,footnotes h be5 mov$ to foll[ ! *apt]s 9 :i* !y are ref]5c$4