,?is e,book 0 produc$ by ,av9a% ,ko?>e1 
,david ,/>n]  & ! ,onl9e ,di/ribut$     
,pro(read+ ,team          ,,l\is        
,,agassiz4    ,,illu/rative ,,extracts  
,,on ,,8 ,,me?od ,,( ,,in/ruction    ,,)
 ,,an ,,introductory ,,note    ,,by     
,,lane ,,coop]    ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,!    
,,engli% ,,language ,,& ,,lit]ature  ,,9
 ,,cornell ,,univ]sity4            ,!   
beauty ( 8 bett] self lives on    ,9    
m9ds he t\*$ ) fire1 9 _m an eye    ,he 
tra9$ to ,tru?'s exact sev]ity2    ,he 0
 a ,tea*]3 :y be griev$ = him    ,^:    
liv+ ^w /ill /imulates ! air8    ,9     
endless file %all lov+ s*ol>s come    ,!
 gl[ ( 8 transmitt$ t\* to %>e4         
--,l[ell1 ,agassiz4          ,,preface  
,if x be ask$ :y a tea*] ( ,engli% %\ld 
be mov$ to issue ?is  book on ,agassiz1 
my reply might be3 ',read !             
,introductory ,note'-=  ! answ] is !re4 
,b d\btless ! prim>y reason is t ,i h   
be5 taught1 & ,i try to tea* o!rs1 aft] 
a me?od 9 ess5ce  id5tical ) t employ$  
by ! great naturali/4 ,& ,i might g on  

to %[ 9 "s detail t a doctoral          
inve/igation 9 ! humanities1  :5 !      
subject is well *os51 s]ves ! same      
purpose 9 !  education ( a /ud5t (      
language & lit]ature z ! indep5d5t1     
int5sive /udy ( a liv+ or a fossil      
animal1 :5 prescrib$ by  ,agassiz to a  
beg9n] 9 natural sci5ce4 ,b !re is no   
ne$ to  elaborate ! po9t4 ,( ^? :o are  
likely to exam9e ! book1 "s  already "k 
! und]ly+ tru? involv$1 o!rs w grasp x  
:5  x is fir/ pres5t$ to !m 7& = ^! my  
slight & pleasant  labors are design$71 
& ! re/ w f9d a /umbl+-block &          
fooli%ness--save = ! ent]ta9m5t to be _h
 9 ! read+ (  biography4    ,i h        
naturally kept 9 m9d ! ne$s ( my own    
/ud5ts1 pa/ &  pres5t1 yet ,i believe ^!
 pages may be useful to /ud5ts ( natural
  sci5ce z well z to ^? :o conc]n       
!mselves ) ! humanities4  ,we live 9 an 
age ( n>r[ specialization--at all ev5ts 
9 ,am]ica4  ,agassiz 0 a speciali/1 b n 
a 'n>r[' "o4 ,8 example %\ld  !re=e be  
salut>y to ^? p]sons1 on ! "o h&1 :o ?9k

 t  a man c h g5]al culture )\t kn[+ "s 
"o ?+ f !  bottom up1 &1 on ! o!r1 to ^?
 :o imm]se !mselves & _!  pupils bl9dly 
9 special inve/igation1 )\t ?\ght ( !   
prima philosophia t gives life & mean+  
to all p>ticul>  k4 ,!re c be no d\bt t 
sci5ce & s*ol>%ip 9 ?is  c\ntry are     
suff]+ f a lack ( sympa?y & contact     
betwe5 !  devotees ( ! sev]al bran*es1 &
 = want ( def9ite ef=ts to  bridge !    
gaps betwe5 v>i\s discipl9es :]ev] ?is  
is possible4  ,x may n (t5 be possible  
until m5 ( sci5ce g5]ally aga9 take  up 
! /udy ( ,plato & ,ari/otle1 or at lea/ 
busy !mselves1 z  did ,agassiz1 ) "s    
compreh5sive mod]n philosoph] l ,s*ell+4
  ,b x %\ld n be v h>d = ^? :o are      
engag$ 9 !  biological sci5ces & ^? :o  
are giv5 to lit]>y pursuits to  realize 
t !y are alike int]e/$ 9 ! manife/ations
 ( "o &  ! same ?+1 ! pr9ciple ( life4  
,9 ,agassiz himself ! vitality  ( 8     
/udies & ! vitality ( ! man are easily  
id5tifi$4    ,9 conclusion ,i mu/ ?ank !
 publi%]s1 ,h\ghton ,miffl9 ,company1  =

 ! use ( selections f ! copyright books 
( ,mrs4 ,agassiz &  ,pr(essor ,%al]2 ^! 
& all o!r obligations are1 ,i tru/1     
indicat$ 9 ! prop] places by footnotes4 
,i owe a special debt (  gratitude to   
,pr(essor ,burt ,g4 ,wild] = 8 int]e/ & 
help  ?r\gh\t4    ,,lane ,,coop]        
,,cornell ,,univ]sity1    ,april #g1    
#aiag4          ,,cont5ts    ,i4        
,,introductory ,,note    ,,ii4          
,,agassiz ,,at ,,neu*atel    ,,iii4     
,,agassiz ,,at ,,h>v>d    ,,iv4   ,,h[  
,,agassiz ,,taught ,,pr(essor ,,%al]    
,v4    ,,h[ ,,agassiz ,,taught          
,,pr(essor ,,v]rill    ,,vi4   ,,h[     
,,agassiz ,,taught ,,pr(essor ,,wild]   
,,vii4  ,h[ ,,agassiz ,,taught          
,,pr(essor ,,scudd]    ,,viii4 ,,!      
,,dea? ,,( ,,agassiz--,,8 ,,p]sonality  
,,ix4   ,,obit] ,,dicta ,,by ,,agassiz  
,x4    ,,passages ,,= ,,comp>ison ,,)   
,,! ,,me?od ,,( ,,agassiz          ,i   
,,introductory ,,note      ,:5 ! "q 0   
put to ,agassiz1 ',:at d y reg>d z y\r  
greate/ "w8' he repli$3 ',i h taught m5 

to obs]ve4' ,& 9 !  preamble to 8 w he  
describ$ himself 9 ?ree words z ',l\is  
,agassiz1 ,tea*]4'    ,we h m ?an "o    
reason to be int]e/$ 9 ! =m (           
in/ruction employ$ by s em95t a sci5ti/ 
z ,agassiz4 ,9 ! fir/  place1 x is mu*  
to be desir$ t ^? :o conc]n !mselves )  
p$agogy %\ld give relatively less he$ to
 ! way 9 :i* subjects1  ab/ractly       
consid]$1 ought to be taught1 & %\ld pay
 m  att5tion ?an ,i fe> has be5 paid to 
! way 9 :i* great &  successful tea*]s  
actually h taught _! pupils4 ,z 9 o!r   
fields ( human endeavor1 s 9 tea*+3 !re 
is a portion ( ! art  t _c be tak5 ov]  
by "o p]son f ano!r1 b !re is a         
portion1 & a l>g] "o ?an at fir/ sight  
may appe>1 t c be  s tak5 ov]1 & c be   
almo/ directly utiliz$4 ,nor is !       
possible  utility ( imitation dim9i%$1 b
 r increas$1 :5 we  contemplate ! me?od 
( a tea*] l ,agassiz1 ^: m5tal          
op]ations _h ! simplicity ( g5ius1 & 9  
^: habits (  in/ruction ! fundam5tals ( 
a "r proc$ure become v obvi\s4    ,yet  

!re is a second ma9 reason = our int]e/4
 ,)9 rec5t  ye>s we h witness$ an       
extraord9>y developm5t 9 c]ta9  /udies1 
:i*1 ?\gh sup]ficially diff]5t f ^?     
pursu$ by  ,agassiz1 h an und]ly+ bond (
 unity ) !m1 b :i* are  g5]ally c>ri$ on
 )\t ref]5ce to pr9ciples gov]n+ !      
inve/igation ( e organism & all organic 
life4 ,i h 9 m9d1  p>ticul>ly1 ! spread 
( lit]>y & l+ui/ic /udy 9 ,am]ica  dur+ 
! la/ few decades1 & ! lack ( a common  
/&>d (  judgm5t among ^? :o engage 9 su*
 /udy4 ,mo/ p]sons d n1 9  fact1 disc]n 
! close1 ?\gh n obvi\s1 relation betwe5 
inve/igation 9 biology or zoology & !   
obs]vation & comp>ison  ( ^? organic =ms
 :i* we call =ms ( lit]ature & works (  
art4 ,yet ! notion t a poem or a spee*  
%\ld possess ! organic  /ructure1 z x 71
 ( a liv+ creature is basic 9 ! ?\ght ( 
! great lit]>y critics ( all "t4 ,s     
,ari/otle1 a zoologi/ z  well z a       
sy/ematic /ud5t ( lit]ature1 comp>es !  
ess5tial  /ructure ( a trag$y to ! =m ( 
an animal4 ,& s ,plato1 9 !  ,pha$rus1  

makes ,socrates say3 ',at any rate1 y w 
all[ t  e disc\rse ought to be a liv+   
creature1 hav+ a body ( its  own1 & a   
head & feet2 !re %\ld be a middle1      
beg9n+1 & end1  adapt$ to "o ano!r & to 
! :ole4' ,x w\ld seem t to ,plato  an   
oration repres5ts an organic idea 9 !   
m9d ( ! human creator1  ! orator1 j z a 
liv+ animal repres5ts a con/ructive idea
 9  ! m9d ( ,god4 ,n[ x happ5s t        
,agassiz1 consid]$ 9 8  philosophical   
relations1 0 a ,platoni/1 s9ce he cle>ly
 believ$  t ! =ms ( nature express$ !   
et]nal ideas ( a div9e  intellig5ce4    
,accord+ly1 8 me?od ( tea*+ _c fail to  
be illum9at+ to  ! tea*] ( lit]ature--or
 to ! tea*] ( language1 ei!r1  s9ce ea* 
language z a :ole1 & also ! compon5t    
p>ts (  language1 words1 = in/ance1 are 
liv+ & gr[+ =ms1 & mu/  be /udi$ z      
organisms4 ,we h p]haps he>d too mu* (  
'laboratory'  me?ods 9 ! tea*+ ( ,engli%
 & ! l2 b none ( u has  he>d too mu*    
ab\t ! fundam5tal op]ations ( obs]vation
 &  comp>ison 9 ! /udy ( liv+ =ms1 or ( 

! way 9 :i* great  tea*]s h develop$ !  
orig9al p[]s ( ! /ud5t4 ,x is  simply ! 
fact t1 r$uc$ to ! simple/ t]ms1 !re is 
b a  s+le me?od ( inve/igat+ ! objects (
 natural sci5ce & !  productions ( human
 g5ius4 ,we /udy a poem1 ! "w ( man's   
art1 9  ! same way t ,agassiz made ,%al]
 /udy a fi%1 ! "w ( ,god's  art2 !      
object 9 ei!r case is to discov] !      
relation betwe5 =m  or /ructure &       
function or ess5tial effect4 ,x 0 no    
*ance  utt]ance ( ,agassiz :5 he said t 
a ye> or two ( natural  hi/ory1 /udi$ z 
he und]/ood x1 w\ld give ! be/ k9d (    
tra9+ = any o!r sort ( m5tal "w4    ,!  
foll[+ passages w illu/rate ,agassiz's  
ideals & practice  9 tea*+1 ! emphasis  
be+ laid ^u 8 deal+s ) special  /ud5ts4 
,a few biographical details are         
introduc$ 9 ord] to r\nd  out our       
conception ( ! p]sonality ( ! tea*]     
himself4 ,t[>d  ! close1 c]ta9 ( 8      
op9ions are giv5 9 8 own words4    ,i   
w\ld call special att5tion to an extract
 f ,boeckh's  ,encyclopadie1 & ano!r f !

 ,symposium ( ,plato1 on  pp4 #fi-gd1 & 
to ! simil>ity betwe5 ! me?od ( /udy !re
  enjo9$ ^u ! /ud5t ( ! humanities1 or  
inde$ ( all art &  nature1 & ! me?od    
impos$ by ,agassiz ^u ! w\ld-be         
entomologi/ :o 0 compell$ fir/ ( all to 
obs]ve a fi%4 ,9  re=m+ ! m9d x is well 
to beg9 by contemplat+ "s /ructure  we  
nev] h se5 be=e1 conc]n+ :i* we h no1 or
 ! fewe/  possible1 preconceptions4     
,,ii    ,,agassiz ,,at ,,neu*atel       
,footnote3 ,f ,e4 ,c4 ,agassiz1 ,l\is   
,agassiz1 8 ,life &  ,correspond5ce1 pp4
 #bjf ff4 ,bo/on1 ,h\ghton ,miffl9      
,company1 #ahhe4      ,9 ! autumn ( !   
ye> #ahcb ,agassiz assum$ ! duties ( 8  
pr(essor%ip at ,neu*atel4 ,8 op5+       
lecture1 ^u ! relations  betwe5 !       
diff]5t bran*es ( natural hi/ory & ! !n 
prevail+ t5d5cies ( all ! sci5ces1 0    
giv5 on ! #ab? (  ,novemb] 444 at !     
,hotel de ,ville4 ,judg$ by ! impression
 made ^u  ! li/5]s z record$ at ! "t1   
?is introductory disc\rse mu/  h be5    
*>act]iz$ by ! same broad _s (          

g5]alization  :i* m>k$ ,agassiz's lat]  
tea*+4 ,facts 9 8 h&s fell into  _!     
ord]ly relation z p>ts ( a connect$     
:ole1 & 7 nev]  pres5t$ m]ely z special 
or isolat$ ph5om5a4 ,f ! beg9n+  8      
success z an in/ructor 0 und\bt$4 ,he   
_h1 inde$1 n[ ent]$  ^u ! occupation :i*
 0 to be f y\? to old age ! delight  ( 8
 life4 ,tea*+ 0 a passion ) him1 & 8 p[]
 ov] 8  pupils might be measur$ by 8 own
 en?usiasm4 ,he 0 intellectually1  z    
well z socially1 a democrat1 9 ! be/    
s5se4 ,he delight$ to  scatt] broadca/ !
 highe/ results ( ?\ght & rese>*1 & to  
adapt !m ev5 to ! y\nge/ & mo/ un9=m$   
m9ds4 ,9 8 lat]  ,am]ican travels he    
w\ld talk ( glacial ph5om5a to ! driv] (
 a  c\ntry /agecoa* among ! m\nta9s1 or 
to "s workman1 splitt+  rock at !       
road-side1 ) z mu* e>ne/ness z if he _h 
be5  discuss+ problems ) a bro!r        
geologi/2 he w\ld take ! common  fi%]man
 into 8 sci5tific confid5ce1 tell+ him !
 intimate  secrets ( fi%-/ructure or    
fi%-embryology1 till ! man 9 8 turn     

became en?usia/ic1 & began to p\r out   
in=mation f ! /ores  ( 8 own r\gh &     
untaught habits ( obs]vation4 ,agassiz's
 g5]al  fai? 9 ! susceptibility ( !     
popul> intellig5ce1 h[ev]  untra9$1 to !
 highe/ tru?s ( nature1 0 contagi\s1 &  
he  creat$ or develop$ t 9 :i* he       
believ$4444    ,beside 8 classes at !   
gymnasium1 ,agassiz collect$ ab\t him1  
by  invitation1 a small audi5ce ( fri5ds
 & neighbors1 to :om he  lectur$ dur+ ! 
w9t] on botany1 on zoology1 on !        
philosophy (  nature4 ,! in/ruction 0 ( 
! mo/ famili> & in=mal  "*1 & 0 cont9u$ 
9 lat] ye>s = 8 own *ildr5 &  ! *ildr5 (
 8 fri5ds4 ,9 ! latt] case ! subjects 7 
*iefly geology & geography 9 connection 
) botany1 & 9  favorable wea!r ! lessons
 7 usually giv5 9 ! op5 air4444  ,f "s  
high gr\nd af=d+ a wide panoramic view  
,agassiz w\ld  expla9 to !m ! =mation ( 
lakes1 isl&s1 riv]s1 spr+s1 wat]  -%$s1 
hills1 & valleys4444    ,:5 x 0         
impossible to give ! lessons out (      
doors1 ! *ildr5  7 ga!r$ ar\nd a l>ge   

table1 :]e ea* "o _h be=e him or  h] !  
specim5s ( ! day1 sometimes /ones &     
fossils1 sometimes  fl[]s1 fruits1 or   
dri$ plants4 ,to ea* *ild 9 succession 0
  expla9$ sep>ately :at _h fir/ be5 told
 to all collectively4444  ,! *ildr5 took
 _! own %>e 9 ! in/ruction1 & 7         
!mselves made to po9t out & describe t  
:i* _h j be5  expla9$ to !m4 ,!y took   
home _! collections1 & z a  prep>ation =
 ! next lesson 7 (t5 call$ ^u to        
classify &  describe "s unusual specim5 
by _! own unaid$ ef=ts4          ,,iii  
,,agassiz ,,at ,,h>v>d    ,footnote3 ,f 
,e4 ,c4 ,agassiz1 ,l\is ,agassiz1 8     
,life &  ,correspond5ce1 pp4 #efd ff4   
,bo/on1 ,h\ghton ,miffl9 ,company1      
#ahhe4      ,on 8 return to ,cambridge  
at ! end ( ,septemb] #ahei1 ,agassiz    
f\nd ! ,museum build+ well advanc$4 ,x 0
 complet$ 9 ! c\rse  ( ! next ye>1 & !  
d$ication took place on ! #ac? (        
,novemb]1 #ahfj4 ,! transf] ( !         
collections to _! new & safe  abode 0   
made z rapidly z possible1 & ! "w (     

develop+ !  in/itution "u ^! m favorable
 conditions mov$ /eadily on4  ,!        
lecture-rooms 7 at once op5$1 n only to 
/ud5ts1 b to  o!r p]sons n connect$ ) ! 
,univ]sity4 ,especially welcome  7      
tea*]s ( s*ools1 = :om admittance 0     
free4 ,x 0 a great  pleasure to ,agassiz
 ?us to r5ew & /r5g!n 8 connection )  ! 
tea*]s ( ! ,/ate1 ) :om1 f ! "t ( 8     
arrival 9  ?is c\ntry1 he _h held mo/   
cordial relations1 att5d+ !  ,tea*]s'   
,in/itutes1 visit+ ! normal s*ools1 &   
associat+  himself actively1 z f> z he  
c\ld1 ) ! int]e/s ( public  education 9 
,massa*usetts4 ,f ?is "t =w>d 8 college 
lectures  7 op5 to wom5 z well z to m54 
,he _h great sympa?y ) !  desire ( wom5 
= l>g] & m v>i\s fields ( /udy & "w1  & 
a c]ta9 numb] ( wom5 h always be5       
employ$ z assi/ants  at ! ,museum4    ,!
 /ory ( ! next ?ree ye>s 0 "o ( unceas+ 
b seem+ly  unev5tful "w4 ,! daylight    
h\rs f n9e or t5 o'clock 9 !  morn+ 7   
sp5t1 ) ! exception ( ! h\r devot$ to ! 
s*ool1 at ! ,museum1 n only 9 p]sonal   

rese>*es & 9  lectur+1 b 9 organiz+1    
di/ribut+1 & sup]9t5d+ ! "w  ( !        
laboratories1 all ( :i* 0 direct$ by    
him4 ,pass+ f  b5* to b5*1 f table to   
table1 ) a sugge/ion "h1 a k9dly  b     
scrut9iz+ glance !re1 he made 8         
sympa!tic pres5ce felt by  ! :ole       
e/abli%m5t4 ,no man ev] ex]cis$ a m     
g5ial p]sonal  influ5ce ov] 8 /ud5ts &  
assi/ants4    ,8 initiatory /eps 9 tea*+
 special /ud5ts ( natural hi/ory  7 n a 
little disc\rag+4 ,obs]vation &         
comp>ison be+ 9 8  op9ion ! intellectual
 tools mo/ indisp5sable to ! naturali/1 
8 fir/ lesson 0 "o 9 look+4 ,he gave no 
assi/ance2 he  simply left 8 /ud5t ) !  
specim51 tell+ him to use 8 eyes        
dilig5tly1 & report ^u :at he saw4 ,he  
return$ f "t to "t  to inquire aft] !   
beg9n]'s progress1 b he nev] ask$ him a 
lead+ "q1 nev] po9t$ out a s+le feature 
( ! /ructure1  nev] prompt$ an inf]5ce  
or a conclusion4 ,?is process la/$      
sometimes = days1 ! pr(essor requir+ !  
pupil n only to  di/+ui% ! v>i\s p>ts ( 

! animal1 b to detect also !  relation (
 ^! details to m g5]al typical features4
 ,8  /ud5ts /ill reta9 amus+ rem9isc5ces
 ( _! despair :5 ?us  confront$ ) _!    
s+le specim52 no aid to be _h f outside 
until !y _h wrung f x ! secret ( its    
/ructure4 ,b all (  !m h recogniz$ !    
fact t ?is "o lesson 9 look+1 :i*  =c$  
!m to su* c>eful scrut9y ( ! object be=e
 !m1  influ5c$ all _! subsequ5t habits (
 obs]vation1 :atev] field  !y might     
*oose = _! special subject ( /udy4444   
,b if ,agassiz1 9 ord] to develop       
indep5d5ce & accuracy (  obs]vation1    
?rew 8 /ud5ts on _! own res\rces at     
fir/1 !re  0 nev] a m g5]\s tea*] 9 !   
end ?an he4 ,all 8  intellectual capital
 0 ?r[n op5 to 8 pupils4 ,8 orig9al     
mat]ial1 8 unpubli%$ inve/igations1 8   
mo/ preci\s specim5s1  8 draw+s &       
illu/rations 7 at _! comm&4 ,?is        
lib]ality  l$ 9 itself to a s]viceable  
tra9+1 = he taught !m to use )  respect 
! valuable1 (t5 unique1 objects entru/$ 
to _! c>e4  ,out ( ! intellectual       

good-fell[%ip :i* he e/abli%$ &         
enc\rag$ 9 ! laboratory grew ! w>me/    
relations betwe5 8  /ud5ts & himself4   
,_m ( !m 7 deeply atta*$ to him1 & he  0
 extremely dep5d5t ^u _! sympa?y &      
affection4 ,by "s  among !m he w nev] be
 =gott54 ,he is /ill _! tea*] &  _!     
fri5d1 sc>cely m abs5t f _! "w n[ ?an :5
 !  gl[ ( 8 en?usiasm made itself felt 9
 8 p]sonal pres5ce4          ,,iv       
,,h[ ,,agassiz ,,taught ,,pr(essor      
,,%al]    ,footnote3 ,f ,!              
,autobiography ( ,na?aniel ,s\?gate     
,%al]1 pp4 #ic-ajj4 ,bo/on1 ,h\ghton    
,miffl9 ,company1 #aijg4      ,at ! "t (
 my secession f ! humanities1 ,agassiz 0
 9  ,europe2 he did n return1 ,i ?9k1   
until ! autumn ( #ahei4 ,i _h1  h[ev]1  
pick$ up sev]al acqua9tances among 8    
pupils1 le>n$ :at  !y 7 ab\t1 & ga9$ "s 
notion ( 8 me?ods4 ,aft] ab\t a  mon? he
 return$1 & ,i _h my fir/ contact ) !   
man :o 0 to  h ! mo/ influ5ce on my life
 ( any ( ! tea*]s to :om ,i am  indebt$4
 ,i %all nev] =get ev5 ! less] incid5ts 

( ?is  meet+1 = ?is great ma/] by 8     
pres5ce gave an importance to  8        
surr\nd+s1 s t ! room :]e y met him1 & !
  furniture1 /ay$ ) ! memory ( him4 ,:5 
,i fir/ met ,l\is  ,agassiz1 he 0 /ill 9
 ! prime ( 8 admirable manhood2 ?\gh he 
0 !n fifty-two ye>s old1 & _h pass$ 8   
con/ructive p]iod1  he /ill _h ! look ( 
a "y man4 ,8 face 0 ! mo/ g5ial &       
engag+ t ,i _h ev] se51 & 8 mann]       
captivat$ me altoge!r4  ,b z ,i _h be5  
among m5 :o _h a free sw+1 & = a ye>    
among  p :o seem$ to me to be cold &    
sup]-rational1 hungry z ,i  d\btless 0 =
 human sympa?y1 ,agassiz's welcome w5t  
to my he>t--,i  0 at once 8 captive4 ,x 
has be5 my good *ance to see _m m5 (    
engag+ pres5ce & ways1 b ,i h nev] kn[n 
8 equal4    ,z ! p]sonal quality (      
,agassiz 0 ! greate/ ( 8 p[]s1 &  z my  
life 0 greatly influ5c$ by my imm$iate &
 endur+  affection = him1 ,i am tempt$  
to set =? "s incid5ts :i* %[  t my swift
 devotion to my new-f\nd ma/] 0 n due to
 !  accid5ts ( ! situation1 or to any   

boyi% fancy4 ,i w cont5t  myself ) "o ( 
^? /ories1 :i* w ( itself %[ h[ easily  
he captivat$ m51 ev5 ^? ( ! rud] sort4  
,"s ye>s aft] we  came toge!r1 :5 inde$ 
,i 0 =mally 8 assi/ant1--,i believe x  0
 9 #ahff1--;he became mu* int]e/$ 9 !   
task ( comp>+ !  skeletons ( ?or\ghbr$  
horses ) ^? ( common /ock4 ,i _h at  8  
reque/ tri$1 b )\t success1 to obta9 !  
bones ( c]ta9  fam\s /allions f my      
acqua9tances among ! rac+ m5 9          
,k5tucky4 ,e>ly "o morn+ !re 0 a fire1  
suppos$ to be  inc5di>y1 9 ! /ables 9 ! 
,beacon ,p>k track1 a mile f !          
,college1 9 :i* a numb] ( horses _h be5 
kill$1 & _m badly  scor*$4 ,i _h j      
return$ f ! place1 :]e ,i _h left a mob 
(  irate own]s & jockeys 9 a viol5t /ate
 ( m9d1 int5t on f9d+  "s "o to hang4 ,i
 _h se5 ! *ance ( gett+ a valuable lot (
  /allions = ! ,museum1 b x 0 evid5t t !
 "t 0 mo/  inopportune = sugge/+ su* a  
disposition ( ! rema9s4 ,_h ,i  done s1 
! results w\ld h be51 to say ! lea/1    
unpleasant4    ,z ,i came away f !      

pr(ane lot ( horsem5 ga!r$ ab\t !  rums 
( _! =tunes or _! hopes1 ,i met ,agassiz
 almo/ runn+ to  seize ! *ance (        
specim5s4 ,i told him to come back ) me1
 t we  mu/ wait until ! mob _h sp5t its 
rage2 b he kept on4 ,i told him  fur!r t
 he risk$ spoil+ 8 good *ance1 & f9ally 
t he  w\ld h 8 head pun*$2 b he trott$  
on4 ,i w5t ) him1 9 !  hope t ,i might  
protect him f ! consequ5ces ( 8         
curiosity4  ,:5 we rea*$ ! spot1 !re    
came ab\t a m>vel2 9 a mom5t he _h  all 
^? rag+ m5 at 8 comm&4 ,he w5t at once  
to "w ) !  horses :i* _h be5 hurt1 b 7  
savable4 ,8 int5se sympa?y )  !         
creatures1 8 k ( ! rem$ies to be appli$1
 8  imm$iate appropriation ( ! :ole     
situation1 ( :i* he 0 at once  ! ma/]1  
made ^? rude folk at once 8 fri5ds4     
,nobody ask$ :o  he 01 = ! good reason t
 he 0 he>t & s\l ( !m4 ,:5  ! task (    
help+ 0 done1 !n ,agassiz skilfully came
 to ! po9t  ( 8 bus9ess--! skeletons--& 
?is s dext]\sly &  sympa!tically1 t ! m5
 71 x seem$1 ready to turn ov] !  liv+ z

 well z ! dead bea/s = 8 s]vice4 ,i h   
se5 a lot (  human do+1 mu* ( x         
critically z actor or ne> obs]v]1 b ?is 
0 9 _m ways ! greate/4 ,! supreme art ( 
x 0 9 ! use (  a p]fectly spontane\s &  
mo/ actually sympa!tic motive to ga9 an 
end4 ,) o!rs1 ?is /ate ( m9d w\ld lead  
to affectation2 )  him1 x 9 no wise     
dim9i%$ ! quality ( ! emotion4 ,he c\ld 
measure ! value ( ! motive1 b d x )\t   
less5+ its moral  import4    ,z my      
acc\nt ( ,agassiz's quality %\ld re/ ^u 
my exp]i5ces  ) him1 ,i %all n[ g on to 
tell h[ & to :at effect he tra9$  me4 ,9
 t day !re 7 no writt5 exam9ations on   
any subjects to  :i* c&idates = !       
,lawr5ce ,sci5tific ,s*ool _h to pass4  
,!  pr(essors 9 *>ge ( ! sev]al         
dep>tm5ts que/ion$ !  c&idates1 &       
det]m9$ _! fitness to pursue ! c\rse (  
/udy  !y desir$ to und]take4 ,few or    
none :o _h any semblance ( an  education
 7 d5i$ admission to ,agassiz's         
laboratory4 ,at t "t1  ! in/ructors _h1 
9 addition to _! meagre sal>ies--8 0 !n 

#b1ejj p] annum1--! regul> fees paid 9  
by ! /ud5ts "u 8  *>ge4 ,s ,i 0 promptly
 assur$ t ,i 0 admitt$4 ,be x said1     
h[ev]1 t he did give me an effective    
oral exam9ation1 :i*1 z  he told me1 0  
int5d$ to %[ :e!r ,i c\ld expect to g   
=w>d  to a degree at ! end ( f\r ye>s ( 
/udy4 ,on ?is matt] ( !  degree he 0    
obdurate1 refus+ to recomm5d "s :o _h   
be5 )  him = _m ye>s1 & _h succe$$ 9 _! 
special "w1 giv+ z  reason = 8 d5ial t  
!y 7 'too ignorant4'    ,! exam9ation   
,agassiz gave me 0 direct$ fir/ to f9d t
 ,i knew  en\gh ,lat9 & ,greek to make  
use ( ^? languages2 t ,i c\ld  patt] a  
little ( !m evid5tly pleas$ him4 ,he    
didn't c>e = ^?  dete/able rules =      
scann+4 ,!n came ,g]man & ,fr5*1 :i* 7  
also approv$3 ,i c\ld read bo?1 & spoke 
! =m] fairly well4 ,he  did n probe me 9
 my weake/ place1 ma!matics1 = ! good   
reason  t1 badly z ,i 0 (f 9 t subject1 
he 0 9 a worse plight4  ,!n ask+ me     
conc]n+ my read+1 he f\nd t ,i _h read !
  ,essay on ,classification1 & _h not$ 9

 x ! influ5ce (  ,s*ell+'s views4 ,mo/ (
 8 que/ion+ relat$ to ?is field1 &  ! m 
?an fair beg9n+ ( our relations !n made 
0 due to !  fact t ,i _h "s enl>gem5t on
 t side4 ,s1 too1 he 0 pleas$  to f9d t 
,i _h manag$ a lot ( ,lat91 ,greek1 &   
,g]man poetry1  & _h be5 tra9$ ) !      
sword4 ,he complet$ ?is inquiry by      
requir+ t ,i br+ my foils & masks = a   
b\t4 ,9 ?is te/ he  did n f>e well1 =1  
?\gh n untra9$1 he evid5tly knew m (  ! 
,s*lag] ?an ( ! rapi]4 ,he 0 heavy-h&$1 
& lack$  f9esse4 ,?is1 ) my previ\s     
exp]i5ce1 l$ me to ! conclusion  t ,i _h
 /ruck ^u a k9d ( tutor 9 ,cambridge n  
kn[n 9  ,k5tucky4    ,:ile ,agassiz     
que/ion$ me c>efully z to :at ,i _h read
 & :at ,i  _h se51 he seem$ 9 ?is       
prelim9>y go+ ov] 9 no wise conc]n$  to 
f9d :at ,i knew ab\t fossils1 rocks1    
animals1 & plants2 he put  aside ! (f]+s
 ( my scanty lore4 ,?is (f5d$ me a bit1 
z ,i  recall1 = ! reason t ,i ?\ght ,i  
knew1 & = a self-taught lad  really did 
"k1 a good deal ab\t su* matt]s1        

especially z to !  habits ( insects1    
p>ticul>ly spid]s4 ,x seem$ h>d to be   
d5i$  ! *ance to make my p>ade2 b ,i    
aft]w>d saw :at ?is meant--t  he did n  
int5d to let me beg9 my tasks by pos+ z 
a naturali/4  ,! beg9n+ 0 inde$ q       
diff]5t1 &1 z w be se51 9 a  mann] t    
quickly evaporat$ my conceit4 ,x 0 made 
& cont9u$ 9  a way ,i w n[ rec\nt4      
,agassiz's laboratory 0 !n 9 a r small  
two-/ori$ build+1  look+ mu* l a squ>e  
dwell+-h\se1 :i* /ood :]e !  ,college   
,gymnasium n[ /&s4444 ,agassiz _h       
rec5tly mov$ into x  f a %$ on ! m>% ne>
 ,brighton bridge1 ! orig9al t5ants1  ! 
eng9e]s1 hav+ come to ri*es 9 ! %ape ( !
 brick  /ructure n[ kn[n z ! ,lawr5ce   
,build+4 ,9 ?is primitive  e/abli%m5t   
,agassiz's laboratory1 z di/+ui%$ f !   
/or]ooms :]e ! collections 7 cramm$1    
occupi$ "o room ab\t  ?irty feet long & 
fifte5 feet wide--:at is n[ ! we/ room  
on  ! l[] floor ( ! edifice4 ,9 ?is     
place1 already pack$1 ,i _h  assign$ to 
me a small p9e table ) a ru/y t9 pan ^u 

x4444    ,:5 ,i sat me d[n be=e my t9   
pan1 ,agassiz br\ght me a small fi%1    
plac+ x be=e me ) ! r /]n requirem5t t  
,i %\ld  /udy x1 b %\ld on no acc\nt    
talk to any "o conc]n+ x1 nor  read     
any?+ relat+ to fi%es1 until ,i _h 8    
p]mission s to d4  ,to my inquiry1 ',:at
 %all ,i d8' he said 9 effect3 ',f9d out
 :at y  c )\t damag+ ! specim52 :5 ,i   
?9k t y h done !  "w ,i w "q y4' ,9 !   
c\rse ( an h\r ,i ?\ght ,i _h  compass$ 
t fi%2 x 0 r an unsavory object1 giv+ =?
 !  /5* ( old alcohol1 !n loa?some to   
me1 ?\gh 9 "t ,i came to  l x4 ,_m ( !  
scales 7 loos5$ s t !y fell (f4 ,x      
appe>$ to me to be a case = a summ>y    
report1 :i* ,i 0 anxi\s  to make & get  
on to ! next /age ( ! bus9ess4 ,b       
,agassiz1  ?\gh always )9 call1 conc]n$ 
himself no fur!r ) me t  day1 nor !     
next1 nor = a week4 ,at fir/1 ?is       
neglect 0  di/ress+2 b ,i saw t x 0 a   
game1 = he 01 z ,i disc]n$  r ?an saw1  
cov]tly wat*+ me4 ,s ,i set my wits to  
"w ^u  ! ?+1 & 9 ! c\rse ( a hundr$ h\rs

 or s ?\ght ,i _h  done mu*--a hundr$   
times z mu* z seem$ possible at ! />t4  
,i  got int]e/$ 9 f9d+ out h[ ! scales  
w5t 9 s]ies1 _!  %ape1 ! =m & placem5t (
 ! tee?1 etc4 ,f9ally1 ,i felt full  ( !
 subject1 & probably express$ x 9 my    
be>+2 z = words  ab\t x !n1 !re 7 none f
 my ma/] except 8 *e]y ',good  morn+4'  
,at l5g?1 on ! sev5? day1 came ! "q1    
',well8' &  my disgorge ( le>n+ to him z
 he sat on ! edge ( my table  puff+ 8   
cig>4 ,at ! end ( ! h\r's tell+1 he     
swung (f &  away1 say+3 ',t is n "r4'   
,"h ,i began to ?9k t1 aft]  all1 p]haps
 ! rules = scann+ ,lat9 v]se 7 n ! wor/ 
infliction 9 ! _w4 ,moreov]1 x 0 cle> t 
he 0 play+ a  game ) me to f9d if ,i 7  
capable ( do+ h>d1 cont9u\s "w  )\t !   
support ( a tea*]1 & ?is /imulat$ me to 
labor4 ,i  w5t at ! task anew1 disc>d$  
my fir/ notes1 & 9 ano!r week (  t5 h\rs
 a day labor ,i _h results :i* a/oni%$  
myself &  satisfi$ him4 ,/ill !re 0 no  
trace ( praise 9 words or mann]4  ,he   
signifi$ t x w\ld d by plac+ be=e me    

ab\t a half a peck  ( bones1 tell+ me to
 see :at ,i c\ld make ( !m1 ) no fur!r  
directions to guide me4 ,i soon f\nd t  
!y 7 ! skeletons (  half a doz5 fi%es ( 
diff]5t species2 ! jaws told me s mu* at
 a  fir/ inspection4 ,! task evid5tly 0 
to fit ! sep>ate bones  toge!r 9 _!     
prop] ord]4 ,two mon?s or m w5t to ?is  
task  ) no o!r help ?an an occasional   
look+ ov] my gr\p+ ) !  /]eotyp$ rem>k3 
',t is n "r4' ,f9ally1 ! task 0 done1  &
 ,i 0 aga9 set ^u alcoholic             
specim5s--?is "t a rem>kable  lot (     
specim5s repres5t+1 p]haps1 tw5ty       
species ( ! side  -swimm]s or           
,pleuronectidae4    ,i %all nev] =get ! 
s5se ( p[] 9 deal+ ) ?+s :i* ,i  felt 9 
beg9n+ ! m ext5d$ "w on a gr\p (        
animals4 ,i _h  le>n$ ! art ( comp>+    
objects1 :i* is ! basis ( !  naturali/'s
 "w4 ,at ?is /age ,i 0 all[$ to read1 & 
to discuss  my "w ) o!rs ab\t me4 ,i did
 bo? eag]ly1 & acquir$ a  consid]able k 
( ! lit]ature ( i*?yology1 becom+       
especially int]e/$ 9 ! sy/em (          

classification1 !n mo/  imp]fect4 ,i    
tri$ to foll[ ,agassiz's s*eme (        
division into !  ord] ( ct5oids &       
ganoids1 ) ! result t ,i f\nd "o ( my   
species ( side-swimm]s _h cycloid scales
 on "o side & ct5oid on  ! o!r4 ,?is n  
only %ock$ my s5se ( ! value (          
classification 9 a way t p]mitt$ ( no   
full recov]y ( my  orig9al respect = !  
process1 b = a "t %ook my confid5ce 9   
my ma/]'s k4 ,at ! same "t ,i _h a      
malici\s pleasure 9  exhibit+ my 'f9d'  
to him1 expect+ to repay 9 "p !         
humiliation  :i* he _h evid5tly tri$ to 
inflict on my conceit4 ,to my "q  z to  
h[ ! nondescript %\ld be classifi$ he   
said3 ',my boy1 !re  are n[ two ( u :o  
"k t4'    ,?is incid5t ( ! fi% made an  
end ( my novitiate4 ,aft] t1  ) a       
sudd5ness ( transition :i* puzzl$ me1   
,agassiz became v  communicative2 we    
pass$ inde$ into ! relation ( fri5ds ( l
  age & purpose1 & he actually consult$ 
me z to :at ,i %\ld l  to take up z a   
field ( /udy4 ,f9d+ t ,i wi%$ to devote 

myself  to geology1 he set me to "w on !
 ,bra*iopoda z ! be/ gr\p (  fossils to 
s]ve z data 9 det]m9+ ! ,palaeozoic     
horizons4 ,s f>  z 8 r limit$ k ( !     
matt] w5t1 he guid$ me 9 !  field ab\t  
,cambridge1 9 my read+1 & to            
acqua9tances ( 8 :o  7 conc]n$ ) e>?    
/ructures4 ,i came ?us to "k ,*>les ,t4 
,jackson1 ,jules ,m>c\1 &1 lat]1 !      
bro!rs ,rog]s1 ,h5ry &  ,james4 ,at !   
same "t ,i kept up ! /udy ( zoology1    
und]tak+ to  make myself acqua9t$ ) liv+
 organic =ms z a basis = a  k ( fossils4
          ,v    ,,h[ ,,agassiz ,,taught 
,,pr(essor ,,v]rill    ,footnote3 ,f a  
private lett] f ,pr(essor ,addison ,em]y
 ,v]rill  to ,lane ,coop]4 ,! extract is
 pr9t$ ) ! cons5t ( ,pr(essor  ,v]rill4 
,9 reg>d to ! me?ods ( in/ruction (     
,agassiz ,i mu/ say t s  f> z ,i saw &  
exp]i5c$ he _h no regul> or fix$ me?od1 
except  t 8 plan 0 to make "y /ud5ts    
dep5d on natural objects  r ?an on      
/atem5ts 9 books4 ,to t end he treat$   
ea* "o (  8 new /ud5ts diff]5tly1       

accord+ to ! am\nt ( k &  exp]i5ce t !  
/ud5t _h previ\sly acquir$1 & (t5 9 l9e 
) :at ! /ud5t _h done be=e4 ,n          
infrequ5tly "y m5 came  to him :o 7     
utt]ly de/itute ( any k or ability to   
/udy  natural sci5ce1 or zoology 9      
p>ticul>1 b _h an idea t x  w\ld be a   
's(t snap1' z ! boys say4 ,9 su* cases  
he (t5 did  give !m a lot ( mix$ /uff to
 mull ov]1 to see :at !y c\ld d1  & also
 to disc\rage ^? t seem$ unfit4         
,sometimes he 0  mi/ak51 ( c\rse1 & !   
/ud5t w\ld p]sev]e & /ay on--&          
sometimes turn$ out well lat]4 ,9 fact1 
8 treatm5t 0 highly &  ess5tially       
individuali/ic4    ,9 my own case1 he   
que/ion$ me closely z to :at ,i _h      
previ\sly  done & le>n$4 ,he f\nd ,i _h 
made collections ( birds1 mammals1      
plants1 etc41 & _h m\nt$ & id5tifi$ !m =
 sev]al ye>s1  & 9 t way 0 n a beg9n]   
exactly4 ,i rememb] t be=e ,i  _h be5 ) 
him six mon?s he told me ,i knew m      
zoology ?an mo/  /ud5ts did :5 !y       
graduat$4 ,!re=e my case 0 n l "s  o!rs4

 ,he _h an idea1 ( c\rse1 t ?\gh ,i _h  
collect$ &  m\nt$ birds1 & knew _! names
 & habits1 ,i probably knew little  ab\t
 _! anatomy4 ,at any rate ! fir/ ?+ he  
did 0 to give me  a badly mutilat$ old  
loon1 f old alcohol1 tell+ me to prep>e 
!  skeleton4 ,?is ,i did s well & s     
quickly t he express$ regret  t he _h n 
giv5 me "s bett] bird ) unbrok5 bones4  
,he gave  me next a blue h]on1 b x be+  
spr+1 ,i 'w5t collect+' 9 !  vic9ity1   
foll[+ my usual incl9ation1 be=e        
breakfa/ & aft]  laboratory h\rs1 &     
br\ght 9 a numb] ( incubat$ birds'-eggs4
  ,:5 ,agassiz came into ! laboratory1  
,i 0 extract+ & pres]v+  ! embryos1 be+ 
int]e/$ 9 embryology4 ,he at once       
exclaim$ t  he 0 delight$1 & told me to 
put aside ! skeletons & g "r  on )      
collect+ & prep>+ embryo birds1 & mak+  
draw+s1  etc4 ,?is ,i did all t season1 
obta9+ ab\t #b1jjj embryos1 mo/ly  ( sea
 birds1 = he s5t me to ,gr& ,manan      
,isl&1 etc41 = t  purpose4 ,be=e ! end (
 ! fir/ ye> he gave me entire *>ge (  ! 

birds & mammals 9 ! ,museum1 z well z ! 
coral collection1  :i* 0 l>ge ev5 !n4   
,9 ! case ( ,hyatt1 :o w5t !re j be=e ,i
 did1 ,i ?9k he 0  kept work+ ov] a lot 
( mix$ fi% skeletons1 m or less brok51  
to 'see :at he c\ld make ( !m4' ,a      
little lat] he put ,hyatt at  "w on !   
,unionidae1 /udy+ ! anatomy z well z !  
%ells4  ,)9 two ye>s he put him on !    
,ammonites1 a big collection hav+  be5  
receiv$ f ,europe at t "t4 ,hyatt1      
h[ev]1 _h nev] done  any?+ 9 zoology or 
botany be=e he w5t to ,agassiz & he f\nd
 x  h>d to get a beg9n+1 & s lo/ "t4 ,i 
m5tion ^! cases to  %[ h[ diff]5t 8     
me?ods 7 9 diff]5t cases4          ,,vi 
,,h[ ,,agassiz ,,taught ,,pr(essor      
,,wild]    ,footnote3 ,f an article by  
,pr(essor ,burt ,g4 ,wild]1 ( ,cornell  
,univ]sity1 9 ,! ,h>v>d ,graduates'     
,magaz9e1 ,june1 #aijg4 ,!  extract is  
tak5 f a repr9t ) slight *anges by !    
au?or1 &  is giv5 ) slight omissions by 
! pres5t writ]4      ,! phrase adopt$ z 
! title ( ?is article ',l\is ,agassiz1  

,tea*]' beg9s 8 simple w1 ,agassiz 0    
likewise an inve/igator1  a director (  
rese>*1 & ! f\nd] ( a great museum4 ,he 
really  0 f\r m5 9 "o4 ,)\t detract+ f !
 ext5t & value (  ! ?ree o!r elem5ts ( 8
 int5se & composite ,am]ican life--  f 8
 fir/ c\rse ( lectures be=e ! ,l[ell    
,in/itute 9 #ahdf  to ! inauguration ( !
 ,&]son ,summ] ,s*ool ( ,natural ,hi/ory
 at  ,p5ikese ,isl&1 ,july #h1 #ahgc1 & 
8 address be=e ! ,massa*usetts  ,/ate   
,bo>d ( ,agriculture1 twelve days be=e 8
 untimely dea? on  ,decemb] #ad1        
#ahgc1--;,agassiz 0 pre-em95tly a tea*]4
 ,he taught 8  assi/ants2 he taught !   
tea*]s 9 ! public s*ools2 he taught     
college /ud5ts2 he taught ! public1 & ! 
common p he>d him  gladly4 ,8 unp>allel$
 a*ievem5ts z an in/ructor are ?us      
*ronicl$ by 8 wife3    ',a tea*] 9 !    
wide/ s5se1 he s\ght & f\nd 8 pupils 9  
e class4 ,b 9 ,am]ica = ! fir/ "t did he
 come into contact  ) ! g5]al mass ( ! p
 on ?is common gr\nd1 & x  influ5c$     
/rongly 8 f9al resolve to rema9 9 ?is   

c\ntry4 ,inde$  ! secret ( 8 greate/ p[]
 0 to be f\nd 9 ! sympa!tic1  human side
 ( 8 "*4 ,out ( 8 broad humanity grew ! 
g5ial  p]sonal influ5ce by :i* he awak5$
 ! en?usiasm ( 8 audi5ces  = unwont$    
!mes1 inspir$ 8 /ud5ts to dis9t]e/$     
s]vices  l 8 own1 delight$ *ildr5 9 !   
s*ool-room1 & won !  cordial int]e/1 z  
well z ! co-op]ation 9 ! high] aims (   
sci5ce1 ( all classes1 :e!r ri* or      
poor4'    ,z a g5]al /atem5t ! =ego+    
c\ld n be improv$4 ,b !  invitation to  
prep>e ?is article conta9$ a sugge/ion (
  p>ticul>ity ) :i* x is possible = me  
to comply4,footnote3 ,n  only h ,i      
pres]v$ all ! lett]s f ,agassiz1 ! fir/ 
dat$  ,sept4 #d1 #ahff1 & ! la/ ,nov4   
#be1 #ahgc1 b also my di>ies 9 :i*  are 
record$ all significant incid5ts &      
conv]sations f my fir/  introduction 9  
#ahef to ! la/ int]view1 ,sept4 #e1     
#ahgc4 ,note by  ,pr(essor ,wild]4 ,!   
c\rses giv5 by ,agassiz on zoology &    
geology  7 att5d$ by me dur+ ! ?ree ye>s
 7#ahei-fb7 ( my pupilage  ) ,jeffries  

,wyman1 & ! two ye>s 7#ahff-fh7 9 :i* ,i
 0 !  assi/ant ( ,agassiz himself4      
,naturally1 & also = special reasons1  !
 deepe/ impression 0 made by ! fir/ & ! 
la/ ( ^!  c\rses4 ,) ! =m] ! *>m (      
novelty int5sifi$ ! great1  inde$       
indescribable1 *>m ( ! speak]4 ,no topic
 0 to me s  important z ! g5]al problem 
( animal life1 & no expositor c\ld      
comp>e ) ,agassiz4 ,z an outlet = my    
en?usiasm ea* disc\rse 0  repeat$1 to ! 
be/ ( my ability1 = ! b5efit ( my       
companion1  ,james ,h]b]t ,morse1 '#fc1 
on ! daily f\r-mile walk betwe5         
,cambridge  & our ,brookl9e home4 ,s    
sure 0 ,i t all ! /atem5ts (  ,agassiz 7
 correct & all 8 conclusions s\nd1 t any
 d\bts or  criticisms ^u ! "p ( my acute
 & unprejudic$ fri5d %ock$ me  z a      
repreh5sible comp\nd ( h]esy &          
lese-maje/y4    ,! la/ c\rse t ,i he>d f
 ,agassiz 9 ,cambridge began on  ,octob]
 #bc1 #ahfg1 & clos$ on ,janu>y #aa1    
#ahfh4 ,x 0 memorable =  him & = me4 ,at
 ! outset he ann\nc$ t "s progress _h   

be5  made 9 ! ,univ]sity t[>d ! adoption
 ( an elective sy/em =  ! /ud5ts1 & t he
 propos$ to apply ! pr9ciple to 8 own   
in/ruction1 & %\ld devote ! entire c\rse
 ( tw5ty-"o lectures  to ! ,sela*ians   
7%>ks & rays71 a gr\p 9 :i* he _h be5   
deeply int]e/$ = _m ye>s1 & ^u :i* he 0 
!n prep>+  a volume4 ,?is limitation to 
a favorite topic inspir$ him to unusual 
en]gy & eloqu5ce4 ,my notes are q full1 
b ,i n[ wi% !  lectures _h be5 report$  
v]batim4 ,?is c\rse 0 signaliz$ also by 
two special innovations1 viz43 !        
exhibition ( liv+ fi%1 & !  free use (  
museum specim5s4 ,t1 s f> z possible1   
all biologic  in/ruction %\ld be        
objective 0 ) ,agassiz an educational   
dogma1  & ^u sev]al notable occasions   
its validity _h be5 demon/rat$  "u v    
unfavorable conditions4 ,yet1 dur+ !    
five ye>s ( my  att5dance ^u 8 lectures1
 !y 7 seldom illu/rat$ o!rwise  ?an by 8
 ready & graphic blackbo>d draw+s4 ,!   
simple fact 0  t ! int]vals betwe5 8    
lectures 7 s cr[d$ )  multif>i\s1       

press+1 & nev]-end+ dem&s ^u 8 "t &     
/r5g? t he c\ld seldom det]m9e ^u !     
precise subject long  en\gh 9 advance = 
him1 or any "o else1 to br+ toge!r !    
desirable specim5s or ev5 *>ts4 ,!      
second lecture ( ! c\rse  already       
m5tion$ is *>act]iz$ 9 my di>y z        
'spl5did1' & z  '= ! fir/ "t illu/rat$ )
 _m specim5s4' ,at "o ( !  lat]         
lectures1 aft] speak+ ab\t fifte5       
m9utes1 he invit$ 8  he>]s to exam9e    
liv+ salmon embryos "u 8 direction at "o
  table1 & liv+ %>k embryos "u m9e at   
ano!r4    ,l ^? ( ,wyman1 ! c\rses giv5 
by ,agassiz 7 ,s5ior  electives4 ,i nev]
 he>d ( any exam9ation ^u !m2 nor is x  
easy  to imag9e ,agassiz z prep>+ a     
syllabus1 or =mulat+ or  correct+ an    
exam9ation-pap]4 ,8 p]sonality & !      
inv>iable  att5dance ( tea*]s & o!r     
adults preclud$ ! necessity (           
discipl9>y measures4 ,b 8 attitude t[>d 
/ud5t misconduct 0  cle>ly %[n 9 an     
incid5t record$ by me else:]e4,footnote3
  ',agassiz at ,p5ikese1' ,am]ican      

,naturali/1 ,m>*1 #ahih1 p4 #aid4  ,note
 by ,pr(essor ,wild]4 ,! me?od pursu$ by
 ,agassiz ) 8  laboratory /ud5ts has be5
 describ$ by ,scudd]4,footnote3 ,see    
bel[1  p4 #dj4 ,al?\gh ,i 0 to prep>e   
specim5s at 8 p]sonal exp5se1 a  some:at
 simil> te/ 0 appli$4 ,he plac$ be=e me 
a doz5 "y  'acan?s' 7dog-fi% %>ks71     
tell+ me to f9d out :at ,i c\ld ab\t    
!m4 ,aft] ?ree days he gave me o!r      
specim5s1 say+3 ',:5 y g  back to !     
little %>ks y w "k m ab\t !m ?an if y   
kept on ) !m n['--mean+1 ,i suppose1 t  
,i %\ld !n h  ga9$ a bett] p]spective4  
,al?\gh1 z ,i recall ^u sev]al          
occasions1 ,agassiz c\ld express  8     
views delightfully & impressively to a  
s+le auditor1 8  em95tly social nature &
 8 lifelong habit r5d]$ x easi] =  him  
to address a gr\p ( int]e/$ li/5]s4 ,!  
foll[+ incid5t  does n seem to h be5    
record$ 9 my di>y1 b x is di/9ctly      
rememb]$4 ,dur+ ! publication ( !       
,j\rney 9 ,brazil1 a  ,fr5* translation 
0 made by ,m4 ,felix ,vogeli4 ,) ?is !  

publi%]s desir$ to incorporate a *apt]  
giv+ ! late/ views (  ,agassiz ^u       
classification & evolution4 ,9 va9 0 he 
bes\ght to  write x4 ,he hat$ writ+1 & 0
 too busy4 ,at la/1 9 desp]ation1  ,m4  
,vogeli came to ! ,museum ) ,mrs4       
,agassiz1 & toge!r !y  p]suad$ !        
,pr(essor to dictate ! requir$ matt] 9 !
 =m ( a  lecture4 ,= ?is1 h[ev]1 an     
audi5ce 0 indisp5sable4 ,! exig5cy  0   
expla9$ to ! ,museum /aff2 we assembl$ 9
 ! lecture-room1  & ! disc\rse began4   
,to ! dismay ( "s ( u x prov$ to be 9   
,fr5*1 b we tri$ to look z if we        
compreh5d$ x all4    ,agassiz h&l$ all  
specim5s ) ! greate/ c>e1 & naturally   
_h little pati5ce ) clums9ess2 ! foll[+ 
incid5t illu/rates  bo? 8 k9dly _s & 8  
self-re/ra9t4 ,at "o ( ! lectures  he _h
 h&$ d[n = inspection a v r>e & co/ly   
fossil1 f  ! coal-measures1 ,i ?9k2     
includ+ ! matrix1 x _h ab\t ! size  &   
%ape ( ! palm ( ! h&4 ,he caution$ u n  
to drop x4 ,:5  x _h rea*$ ab\t ! middle
 ( ! audi5ce a cra% 0 he>d4 ,!  preci\s 

?+ _h be5 dropp$ by a new & some:at     
unc\? assi/ant  :om we w call ,dr4 ,x4  
,he ha/ily ga!r$ up ! pieces & ru%$  out
 ( ! room4 ,= a few seconds ,agassiz    
/ood z if himself  petrifi$2 !n1 )\t ev5
 an ',excuse me1' he vani%$ by ! same   
door4 ,pres5tly he return$1 flu%$1 gaz+ 
ruefully at ! fragm5ts  9 8 h&1 cov]$ ) 
mucilage or liquid glue4 ,aft] a pause1 
dur+ :i* ^? :o knew him n await$ an     
explosive d5unciation  ( gau*]ie1       
,agassiz said quietly3 ',9 ,natural     
,hi/ory x is n  en\gh to "k h[ to /udy  
specim5s2 x is also necess>y to "k h[   
to h&le !m'--& !n proce$$ ) 8 lecture4  
,8 helpful attitude t[>d prospective    
tea*]s 0 exhibit$ 9 !  foll[+ incid5ts4 
,aft] my appo9tm5t to ,cornell          
,univ]sity 9  ,octob]1 #ahfg1 he arrang$
 = me to give a c\rse ( six ',univ]sity 
,lectures1' & w>n$ me to prep>e = !m    
c>efully1 because he  %\ld give me a    
'rak+ d[n4' ,he att5d$ !m all 7at :at   
int]ruption ( 8 own "w ,i realize bett] 
n[71 & discuss$ !m  & my me?ods v       

frankly ) me4 ,omitt+ ! comm5dations1 ! 
foll[+ comm5ts may be useful to o!r     
pr(essorial tyros3 #a4 ,!  ma9 "q or    
!sis %\ld be /at$ cle>ly & concisely at 
!  outset1 )\t compell+ ! he>] to p]=m  
all ! m5tal  op]ations t h l$ ! speak]  
to 8 own /&po9t4 #b4 ,9  deal+ ) !      
hi/ory ( a subject1 ! value ( ea*       
successive  contribution %\ld be e/imat$
 9 ! light ( ! k at !  p]iod1 n ( t at !
 pres5t "t4          ,,vii    ,,h[      
,,agassiz ,,taught ,,pr(essor ,,scudd]  
,footnote3 ',9 ! ,laboratory )          
,agassiz1' by ,samuel ,h4 ,scudd]1  f ,e
 ,saturday 7,april #d1 #ahgd7 #af1      
#cfi-cgj4      ,x 0 m ?an fifte5 ye>s   
ago f #ahgd t ,i ent]$ !  laboratory (  
,pr(essor ,agassiz1 & told him ,i _h    
enroll$ my "n 9  ! ,sci5tific ,s*ool z a
 /ud5t ( natural hi/ory4 ,he ask$ me a  
few que/ions ab\t my object 9 com+1 my  
antec$5ts g5]ally1 !  mode 9 :i* ,i     
aft]w>ds propos$ to use ! k ,i might    
acquire1 &1 f9ally1 :e!r ,i wi%$ to /udy
 any special bran*4 ,to  ! latt] ,i     

repli$ t1 :ile ,i wi%$ to be well gr\nd$
 9 all  dep>tm5ts ( zoology1 ,i purpos$ 
to devote myself specially to  insects4 
',:5 d y wi% to beg98' he ask$4         
',n[1' ,i repli$4    ,?is seem$ to      
please him1 & ) an en]getic ',v well6'  
he  rea*$ f a %elf a huge j> ( specim5s 
9 yell[ alcohol4    ',take ?is fi%1'    
said he1 '& look at x2 we call x a      
haemulon2 by  & by ,i w ask :at y h     
se54'    ,) t he left me1 b 9 a mom5t   
return$ ) explicit  in/ructions z to !  
c>e ( ! object entru/$ to me4    ',no   
man is fit to be a naturali/1' said he1 
':o does n "k h[ to  take c>e (         
specim5s4'    ,i 0 to keep ! fi% be=e me
 9 a t9 tray1 & occasionally  moi/5 !   
surface ) alcohol f ! j>1 always tak+   
c>e to  replace ! /opp] tightly4 ,^? 7 n
 ! days ( gr\nd-glass  /opp]s &         
elegantly %ap$ exhibition j>s2 all ! old
 /ud5ts  w recall ! huge neckless glass 
bottles ) _! leaky1 wax  -besme>$ corks1
 half eat5 by insects1 & begrim$ ) cell>
 du/4  ,entomology 0 a clean] sci5ce ?an

 i*?yology1 b ! example (  ! ,pr(essor1 
:o _h unhesitat+ly plung$ to ! bottom ( 
! j>  to produce ! fi%1 0 infecti\s2 &  
?\gh ?is alcohol _h 'a  v anci5t &      
fi%like smell1' ,i really d>$ n %[ any  
av]sion  )9 ^! sacr$ prec9cts1 & treat$ 
! alcohol z ?\gh x  7 pure wat]4 ,/ill  
,i 0 consci\s ( a pass+ feel+ (         
disappo9tm5t1 = gaz+ at a fi% did n     
comm5d itself to an  ard5t entomologi/4 
,my fri5ds at home1 too1 7 annoy$1 :5 !y
  discov]$ t no am\nt ( eau-de-,cologne 
w\ld dr[n ! p]fume  :i* haunt$ me l a   
%ad[4    ,9 t5 m9utes ,i _h se5 all t   
c\ld be se5 9 t fi%1 &  />t$ 9 se>* ( ! 
,pr(essor--:o _h1 h[ev]1 left ! ,museum2
  & :5 ,i return$1 aft] l+]+ ov] "s ( ! 
odd animals  /or$ 9 ! upp] ap>tm5t1 my  
specim5 0 dry all ov]4 ,i da%$  ! fluid 
ov] ! fi% z if to resuscitate ! bea/ f a
 fa9t+  -fit1 & look$ ) anxiety = a     
return ( ! normal sloppy  appe>ance4    
,?is little excitem5t ov]1 no?+ 0 to be 
done b to  return to a /eadfa/ gaze at  
my mute companion4 ,half an h\r pass$   

--an h\r--ano!r h\r2 ! fi% began to look
 loa?some4 ,i turn$ x  ov] & ar\nd2     
look$ x 9 ! face--gha/ly1 f beh9d1      
b5ea?1  above1 sideways1 at a           
?ree-qu>t]s' view--j z gha/ly4 ,i 0 9   
despair2 at an e>ly h\r ,i conclud$ t   
lun* 0 necess>y2 s1  ) inf9ite relief1 !
 fi% 0 c>efully replac$ 9 ! j>1 &  = an 
h\r ,i 0 free4    ,on my return1 ,i     
le>n$ t ,pr(essor ,agassiz _h be5 at !  
,museum1  b _h gone1 & w\ld n return =  
sev]al h\rs4 ,my fell[-/ud5ts  7 too    
busy to be di/urb$ by cont9u$           
conv]sation4 ,sl[ly ,i drew  =? t hide\s
 fi%1 & ) a feel+ ( desp]ation aga9     
look$  at x4 ,i might n use a           
magnify+-glass2 in/rum5ts ( all k9ds 7  
int]dict$4 ,my two h&s1 my two eyes1 & !
 fi%3 x seem$ a mo/  limit$ field4 ,i   
pu%$ my f+] d[n its ?roat to feel h[ %>p
 !  tee? 74 ,i began to c\nt ! scales 9 
! diff]5t r[s1 until ,i  0 conv9c$ t t 0
 nons5se4 ,at la/ a happy ?\ght /ruck me
  --,i w\ld draw ! fi%2 & n[ ) surprise 
,i began to discov] new  features 9 !   

creature4 ,j !n ! ,pr(essor return$4    
',t is "r1' said he2 'a p5cil is "o ( ! 
be/ ( eyes4 ,i am  glad to notice1 too1 
t y keep y\r specim5 wet1 & y\r bottle  
cork$4'    ,) ^! enc\rag+ words1 he     
add$3    ',well1 :at is x l8'    ,he    
li/5$ att5tively to my brief rehe>sal ( 
! /ructure (  p>ts ^: names 7 /ill      
unkn[n to me3 ! fr+$ gill-ar*es &       
movable op]culum2 ! pores ( ! head1     
fle%y lips & lidless eyes2  ! lat]al    
l9e1 ! sp9\s f9s & =k$ tail2 ! compress$
 &  ar*$ body4 ,:5 ,i _h f9i%$1 he wait$
 z if expect+ m1 &  !n1 ) an air (      
disappo9tm5t3    ',y h n look$ v        
c>efully2 :y1' he cont9u$ m  e>ne/ly1' y
 hav5't ev5 se5 "o ( ! mo/ conspicu\s   
features  ( ! animal1 :i* is z pla9ly   
be=e y\r eyes z ! fi% itself2  look     
aga91 look aga96' & he left me to my    
mis]y4    ,i 0 piqu$2 ,i 0 mortifi$4    
,/ill m ( t wret*$ fi%6 ,b  n[ ,i set   
myself to my task ) a w1 & discov]$ "o  
new ?+  aft] ano!r1 until ,i saw h[ j ! 
,pr(essor's criticism _h be54  ,!       

aft]noon pass$ quickly2 & :51 t[>d its  
close1 ! ,pr(essor  inquir$3    ',d y   
see x yet8'    ',no1' ,i repli$1 ',i am 
c]ta9 ,i d n1 b ,i see h[ little ,i saw 
be=e4'    ',t is next be/1' said he1    
e>ne/ly1 'b ,i won't he> y n[2  put away
 y\r fi% & g home2 p]haps y w be ready )
 a bett]  answ] 9 ! morn+4 ,i w exam9e y
 be=e y look at ! fi%4'    ,?is 0       
disconc]t+4 ,n only mu/ ,i ?9k ( my fi% 
all night1  /udy+1 )\t ! object be=e me1
 :at ?is unkn[n b mo/  visible feature  
might be2 b also1 )\t review+ my new    
discov]ies1  ,i mu/ give an exact acc\nt
 ( !m ! next day4 ,i _h a bad memory2  s
 ,i walk$ home by ,*>les ,riv] 9 a      
di/ract$ /ate1 ) my two  p]plexities4   
,! cordial greet+ f ! ,pr(essor ! next  
morn+ 0  reassur+2 "h 0 a man :o seem$  
to be q z anxi\s z ,i t  ,i %\ld see =  
myself :at he saw4    ',d y p]haps      
mean1' ,i ask$1 't ! fi% has symmetrical
 sides  ) pair$ organs8'    ,8 ?or\ghly 
pleas$ ',( c\rse6 ( c\rse6' repaid !    
wakeful  h\rs ( ! previ\s night4 ,aft]  

he _h disc\rs$ mo/ happily &            
en?usia/ically--z he always did-^u !    
importance ( ?is po9t1  ,i v5tur$ to ask
 :at ,i %\ld d next4    ',oh1 look at   
y\r fi%6' he said1 & left me aga9 to my 
own devices4  ,9 a little m ?an an h\r  
he return$1 & he>d my new catalogue4    
',t is good1 t is good6' he repeat$2 'b 
t is n all2 g  on2' & s = ?ree long days
 he plac$ t fi% be=e my eyes1  =bidd+ me
 to look at any?+ else1 or to use any   
artificial aid4  ',look1 look1 look1' 0 
8 repeat$ injunction4    ,?is 0 ! be/   
entomological lesson ,i ev] _h--a lesson
 ^:  influ5ce has ext5d$ to ! details ( 
e subsequ5t /udy2 a  legacy ! ,pr(essor 
has left to me1 z he has left x to _m   
o!rs1  ( ine/imable value1 :i* we c\ld n
 buy1 ) :i* we _c "p4    ,a ye> aft]w>d1
 "s ( u 7 amus+ ourselves ) *alk+       
outl&i% bea/s on ! ,museum blackbo>d4   
,we drew pranc+  />fi%es2 frogs 9 mortal
 combat2 hydra-head$ worms2 /ately      
crawfi%es1 /&+ on _! tails1 be>+ al(t   
umbrellas2 &  grotesque fi%es ) gap+    

m\?s & />+ eyes4 ,! ,pr(essor  came 9   
%ortly aft]1 & 0 z amus$ z any at our   
exp]im5ts4 ,he  look$ at ! fi%es4       
',haemulons1 e "o ( !m1' he said2       
',mr4---- drew !m4'    ,true2 & to ?is  
day1 if ,i attempt a fi%1 ,i c draw no?+
 b  haemulons4    ,! f\r? day1 a second 
fi% ( ! same gr\p 0 plac$ beside !      
fir/1 & ,i 0 bidd5 to po9t out !        
resemblances & diff]5ces  betwe5 ! two2 
ano!r & ano!r foll[$1 until ! entire    
family  lay be=e me1 & a :ole legion (  
j>s cov]$ ! table &  surr\nd+ %elves2 ! 
odor _h become a pleasant p]fume2 & ev5 
n[1 ! sight ( an old1 six-in*1 worm-eat5
 cork br+s fragrant  memories4    ,!    
:ole gr\p ( haemulons 0 ?us br\ght 9    
review2 &1 :e!r  engag$ ^u ! dissection 
( ! int]nal organs1 ! prep>ation &      
exam9ation ( ! bony frame-"w1 or !      
description ( ! v>i\s  p>ts1 ,agassiz's 
tra9+ 9 ! me?od ( obs]v+ facts & _!     
ord]ly arrangem5t 0 ev] accompani$ by ! 
urg5t exhortation n  to be cont5t ) !m4 
',facts are /upid ?+s1' he w\ld say1    

'until br\ght into  connection ) "s     
g5]al law4'    ,at ! end ( eight mon?s1 
x 0 almo/ ) reluctance t ,i left  ^!    
fri5ds & turn$ to insects2 b :at ,i _h  
ga9$ by ?is  outside exp]i5ce has be5 ( 
great] value ?an ye>s ( lat]            
inve/igation 9 my favorite gr\ps4       
,footnote3 ,pr(essor ,edw>d ,s4 ,morse  
writes3 ',z ,i rememb] ,mr4  ,scudd]'s  
article1 444 he has /at$ cle>ly ! me?od 
( ,agassiz's  tea*+--simply to let !    
/ud5t /udy intimately "o object at a    
"t4 ,day aft] day he w\ld come to y\r   
table & ask y :at y  _h le>n$1 & ?us    
keep y at x = a week4 ,my fir/ object   
put  be=e me 0 a common clam1 ,mya      
ar5>ia4'          ,,viii    ,,! ,,dea?  
,,( ,,agassiz--,,8 ,,p]sonality         
,footnote3 ,! mat]ials = ?is sket* are  
drawn f sev]al  s\rces--*iefly ! ,life  
by ,m>c\ 7:i* ,i h us$ ) "s  caution7 & 
! ,life by ,mrs4 ,agassiz4 ,i _h wi%$ to
 pres]ve !  words ( ,m>c\ ?r\gh\t 7)    
judici\s omissions71 b ?is wi%  0       
defeat$ by c]ta9 p]sons :o1 = reasons   

unkn[n to me1 h  ! p[] to prev5t ! use (
 adequate quotations f him4 ,i h  foll[$
 him :]e ,i _h no o!r guide1 & no gr\nd 
= suspect+  him ( bias4 ,! composition1 
& to "s ext5t ! int]pretation (  !      
facts1 are my own4    ,9 lat] ye>s !    
robu/ con/itution & h]culean frame (    
,agassiz  %[$ ! effects ( 8 extraord9>y 
& multif>i\s labors1 = x  mu/ be        
confess$ t he 0 n c>eful ( 8 bodily     
welf>e4 ,9 !  ye> #ahfi he suff]$ a     
tempor>y breakd[n ( a v ?reat5+ sort1  &
 = mon?s 0 9 seclusion1 =bidd5 by 8     
m$ical advis]s ev5  to ?9k4 ,8 own wise 
ef=ts1 & a quiet spr+ pass$ 9 !  village
 ( ,de]field1 ,connecticut1 br\ght ab\t 
8 recov]y1 s t  ?ree ye>s ( activity 7  
yet to be v\*saf$ him4 ,b ! /ra9  ( 8   
lectures1 ( 8 correspond5ce1 ( 8 labors 
at & = !  ,museum1 0 p]il\s4 ,on !      
second ( ,decemb]1 #ahgc1 he gave a     
lecture1 8 la/1 on ',! ,/ructural ,gr[? 
( ,dome/ic ,animals1'  be=e !           
,massa*usetts ,bo>d ( ,agriculture at   
,fit*burg4 ,on !  ?ird he d9$ ) fri5ds2 

on ! fif? he 0 pres5t at a family       
ga!r+--& smok$ cig>s1 defy+ ! ord]s ( 8 
physician4 ,b  ! end 0 n f> (f4 ,he     
spoke ( a dimness ( sight2 he compla9$  
( feel+ '/rangely asleep4' ,on ! morn+ (
 ! six? he w5t z  usual to ! ,museum1 b 
) a s5se ( great we>9ess he %ortly      
return$ to 8 room1 :]e he lay d[n1 nev] 
to dep>t f x alive4  ,! disease 0 a     
p>alysis ( ! organs ( respiration1      
beg9n+  ) ! l>ynx4 ,he _h e c>e f 8     
fri5ds ,dr4 ,br[n-,sequ>d1  :o          
imm$iately came f ,new ,york1 & ,dr4    
,morrill ,wyman2 & ! la/  few days ( 8  
life 7 pass$1 n 9 great suff]+1 ) 8     
lov+ family ar\nd him4 ,no?+1 h[ev]1    
c\ld arre/ ! progress  ( ! malady4      
,agassiz1 x is said1 _h be5 afraid (    
s(t5+ ( ! bra91 & (  a long & pa9ful    
illness l t :i* prec$$ ! dea? ( 8  fri5d
 ,pr(essor ,ba*e2 x _h be5 8 hope t he  
might r g  quickly4 ,yet x 0 n easy =   
him to ?9k ( dy+1 :5 8  imag9ation teem$
 ) projects1 & :5 ! two ma9 visions ( 8 
life 7 on ! po9t ( be+ fully accompli%$1

 9 ! great ,museum  & ! ,&]son ,s*ool ( 
,natural ,hi/ory on ! isl& ( ,p5ikese4  
,/rick5 ?\gh he 01 he clung to life1 nor
 did he give up all hope  ( recov]y     
until ! la/ day4 ,/ill !re 0 a *ange (  
demeanor1  = ! aims ( 8 c>e] z a sci5ti/
 7 n[ less obtrusive 9  8 m9d ?an ?\ghts
 ( 8 family4 ,& ) ! arrival ( ,dr4 ,br[n
  -,sequ>d he resum$ ! language ( 8 y\?1
 s t 8 la/ words  7 utt]$ 9 ,fr5*4 ,9 ! 
clos+ h\rs1 :5 at l5g? all hope  0      
ab&on$1 he 0 m ?an once he>d to say3    
',t\t e/  f9i4' ,on ! eigh? day1 :5 dea?
 itself 0 approa*+1 8  family &         
fri5ds--among ^!1 ,p\rtales--)drew to an
 adjo9+  room1 keep+ wat* ov] ! pati5t  
?r\gh ! op5 door4 ,:ile  ,p\rtales 0 /&+
 !re 9 8 turn1 n long aft] t5 o'clock at
  night1 ,agassiz lift$ himself up 9 b$1
 & said ) emphasis3 ',le  jeu e/ f9i4'  
,!n1 s9k+ back1 he pass$ away4    ',!   
play is done4 ,plaudite4' ,= ,agassiz   
life 0 a game1 full  ( motion1 cr[d$ )  
incid5t4 ,he c\ld n und]/& ! compla9t  (
 ^? :o f\nd "t hang+ heavily ^u _! h&s1 

& :o  s\ght ways ( kill+ x4 ,he1 :o _h  
'no "t = mak+ money1'  w\ld gladly h    
borr[$ an extra life or two = /udy &    
tea*+4  ,f ! outset he _h unwav]+       
confid5ce 9 himself4 ,he w\ld be  '!    
fir/ naturali/ ( 8 "t1 a good citiz51 a 
good son1 belov$  ( ^? :o knew him4' ,he
 0 n to foll[ o!rs2 he w\ld lead 9  8   
own pa?1 :i* %\ld be ! "r pa?1 & o!rs   
%\ld foll[  him4    ,agassiz 0 some:at  
above ! av]age 9 height4 ,8 body 0 well 
=m$1 8 %\ld]s broad & squ>e1 8 figure   
p[]ful1 firmly set  ^u r small feet t   
s]v$ him well 9 walk+ & climb+4 ,)  a   
quick1 ela/ic /ep1 he 0 an excell5t     
p$e/rian1 & q at home  9 ! m\nta9s4 ,z a
 boy he became pr(ici5t 9 swimm+ & 9 !  
managem5t ( boats4 ,to bodily fe> he 0 a
 /rang]4 ,8 h&s 7  l>ge & %apely1 & v   
skilful4 ,nev] a f9i%$ draughtsman1 he  
0 none ! less exp]t 9 repres5t+1 )      
swift1 sure /rokes1 !  ess5tial /ructure
 ( ! object he wi%$ to recall or expla94
 ,he 0  deft1 too1 ) ! dissect+-knife & 
! microscope1 & ) !  geologi/'s hamm]4  

,8 neck 7! weak "p1 z 8 fatal illness   
%[$7  0 r %ort2 8 head 0 f9e & l>ge4 ,9 
lat] ye>s 8 hair1  ( a *e/nut color1    
des]t$ 8 br[1 b he wore x full at !     
sides  & back1 & ?is1 ) ! side-:isk]s ( 
! day1 t5d$ to conceal  8 e>s4 ,! head  
itself 0 admirable1 ! =ehead high &     
broad1  ! *9 %apely1 ! c\nt5ance frank &
 op54 ,! m\? 0 wide1 !  lips full &     
smil+1 ! expression z a :ole altoge!r   
amiable &  intellig5t4 ,8 aquil9e nose1 
) well-develop$ no/rils1 %>ply  set (f  
by ! oblique l9es on ei!r side1 help$ to
 give him an air (  sagacity4 ,b x 0 !  
magnific5t1 fasc9at+ eyes1 "y1 k9dly1  &
 se>*+1 t above all gave life to t      
animat$ c\nt5ance4 ,to  ^? eyes no?+ 0  
commonplace4 ,footnote3 ,comp>e ,cl>a   
,conant  ,gilson1 ',agassiz at          
,cambridge1' 9 ,frank ,leslie's ,popul> 
,mon?ly1  ,decemb]1 #ahia3 ',he 0 a man 
( f9e figure & /rik+ appe>ance1  n too  
mu* ( ! embonpo9t1 n too tall1 b j tall 
en\gh  to con/itute a f9ely develop$    
physique4 ,8 head 0 gr&1 ( p]fect       

intellectual %ape1 & comm&$ y\r         
admiration z y gaz$4 ,he 0  b slightly  
bald1 8 hair 0 ( a beautiful br[n1 s(t &
 f9e1 &  fell lov+ly ov] ! coll> ( 8    
coat4 ,8 face 0 ( well-r\nd$  cont\r1 ) 
a l>ge1 expressive m\?1 & features      
indicative (  great "* & decision4 ,8   
eyes 7 ! feature ( 8 face1 p>           
excell5ce4 ,!y 7 ( a beautiful bright   
br[n1 full ( t5d]ness1  ( mean+ &       
e>ne/ness--a liquid br[n eye1 t w\ld    
moi/5 )  te>s ( emotion z ?\ghts ( 8    
,creator came ru%+ to m9d1 :ile  he     
trac$ ,8 foot/eps 9 ! sci5ces he /udi$4 
,8 eyes mirror$  8 s\l4 ,i ?9k !re 0    
nev] b "o pair ( eyes su* z ,pr(essor   
,l\is ,agassiz's4'    ,agassiz spoke    
,fr5* ) a slight drawl *>act]i/ic ( !   
section  ( ,switz]l& 9 :i* he 0 born4   
,:5 he came to ,am]ica 9 #ahdf1  he     
rapidly acquir$ a comm& ( ,engli%1 & he 
ev5tually wrote &  spoke ! language )   
great facility1 ?\gh 8 spee* nev] ceas$ 
to betray 8 =eign orig94 ,footnote3 ,see
 ,cl>a ,conant ,gilson1 9  ! article j  

cit$3 ,he _h a few /rik+ peculi>ities ( 
pronunciation1 "o or two ( :i* cl+ to me
 ) great p]t9acity  ev5 n[4 ,"o1 9      
p>ticul>1 is fre% 9 my memory4 ,=       
example1 !  words respiratory &         
p]spiratory he w\ld acc5t on ! ?ird     
syllable--rat2 &1 bless me1 if to ?is   
day ,i don't h to  ?9k twice be=e ,i am 
sure :i* is "r6 ,?is %[s :at indelible  
impressions 8 words left ^u 8 pupils4   
,) 8 sup]abundant physical1 m5tal1 &    
emotional en]gy1 he 0  a natural orator2
 he 0 fond ( an audi5ce1 & gratifi$ by  
applause4 ,no "o ev] possess$ a great]  
tal5t = mak+ natural  sci5ce popul>2 ev5
 :5 8 disc\rse became highly te*nical1 8
  auditors hung ^u 8 words4 ,8 me?od (  
exposition 0 v cle>  & simple4 ,he      
/udi\sly avoid$ ! error ( dragg+ ! li/5]
  ?r\gh all ! processes by :i* ! speak] 
has arriv$ at a  p>ticul> tru?1 &       
quickly came to ! po9t4 ,9 lectur+1 8   
p]sonal magnetism c\nt$ = mu*2 he       
readily communicat$ 8  en?usiasm to     
o!rs4    ,he 0 easily mov$ to te>s or to

 laught]4 ,9 8 e>li] life he  0 seldom  
angry1 or seldom %[$ x1 b o!rwise made  
no attempt to  hide 8 feel+s1 be+ a     
p]fect *ild ( nature4 ,lat] he became   
less demon/rative1 save :5 he 0 angry4  
,9 ! la/ tw5ty ye>s (  8 life he n      
infrequ5tly lo/ 8 temp]1 ?\gh he w\ld n 
utt]ly =get :at he 0 say+2 &1 h[ev]     
heat$ ! discussion  might become1 he    
nev] ceas$ to be a g5tleman4 ,nei!r     
indec5cy nor  aught approa*+ !reto ev]  
issu$ f 8 lips4 ,z a y\? 9  ,switz]l&1  
dur+ 8 life z a /ud5t1 & ev5 :5 he 0 a  
tea*] at ,neu*atel1 he 0 fond ( s++1 &  
he lik$ to yodel  aft] ! fa%ion ( !     
,swiss & ,tyrolese m\nta9e]s1 b he gave 
?is up :5 he came to ,am]ica4    ,"h 8  
recreations 7 mo/ly social4 ,he 0 !     
fri5d (  ,longfell[1 ,l[ell1 & ,:itti]2 
he 0 ! fri5d ( labor]s &  fi%]m54 ,9    
society he lik$ to enc\nt] m5 ( weal? & 
influ5ce1 = he _h by nature1 & also     
le>n$ f ,alex&] von  ,humboldt1 "s ( !  
arts ( ! c\rti]4 ',x w\ld be difficult1'
  says ,dr4 ,*>les ,d4 ,walcott1        

,footnote3 ,smi?sonian ,miscellane\s    
,collections #ej4 #bag 7#aijh74 'to     
measure 8 influ5ce 9 ! way  ( caus+ m5 (
 political & comm]cial p[] to realize t 
!  support ( sci5tific rese>*1 & !      
diffusion ( k !reby  ga9$1 dep5d l>gely 
on !m4' ,9 o!r natural sci5ti/s he 0    
prone to discov] too mu*                
self-satisfaction1 & too mu* p]sonal    
curiosity1 aga9/ :i* he h>dly knew h[ to
 protect himself4 ,b  ) ! gr\p ( y\ng]  
sci5ti/s he himself develop$1 ?\gh n[  &
 !n "o or ano!r grew mut9\s1 he 01 dur+ 
mo/ ( ! "t1  on ! be/ ( t]ms4 ,8 own    
e>ly s*ool+ 9 ! classics gave him  a    
reli% = s*ol>s1 & he 0 pleas$ ) !       
company (  hi/orians & lawy]s4 ,=       
milit>y m5 he did n c>e1 b he lik$      
naval (fic]s & sea-capta9s4 ,he paid    
little att5tion to matt]s (  dress1     
c]ta9ly z reg>ds 8 own p]son4 ,he 0     
gratifi$ by !  m>ks ( di/9ction conf]r$ 
^u him at home & abroad1 b took  little 
subsequ5t ?\ght ( ! ribbons1 badges1 &  
diplomas1 keep+  !m1 b n v c>efully1 &  

nev] mak+ a p>ade ( !m4    ,eloqu5t z a 
lectur]1 he 0 also brilliant & p]suasive
 9  conv]sation1 be+1 9 appe>ance at    
lea/1 q unres]v$1 & op5  9 8 attempt to 
capture ! good w ( 8 auditor4 ,h[ev]1 if
  !re 0 no cov]t artifice1 !re 0 at all 
ev5ts ! native  %rewdness ( ! ,swiss    
peasant to reckon )1 & d\btless !       
subtlety ( g5ius--:i* w n1 or _c1 always
 reveal itself 9  full4 ,9 8 lat] ye>s1 
accord+ly1 ?\gh 8 w9n+ mann]s &  8      
desire t y %\ld completely display y\r  
?\ght to him might  lead y to suppose   
him utt]ly op5 ) y1 y might 9 ! end     
discov] t y _h n fa?om$ 8 s\l1 t !re 0 t
 9 him  :i* c\ld n be tak5 captive1 & t 
!re might be a sil5t  inv9cible         
rejection on 8 "p ( some?+ )9 y :i* 0   
=eign to him4    ,9 ,agassiz ! !oretical
 & ! practical life 7 well balanc$4  ,he
 0 bo? a vision>y & a man capable ( br++
 8 visions to  pass4 ,no philosophical  
conception 0 too g5]al = him1 & no      
detail ( obs]vation or inf]5ce too      
small4 ,no fact c\ld appe> too  slight =

 8 int5se & compreh5sive scrut9y1 & 8   
memory =  m9ute resemblances & diff]5ces
 0 va/2 yet ! endur+ quality  ( 8 "w    
arose f 8 s5se ( ord]1 & f ! s\ndness & 
rigor ( 8 pr9ciples4 ,he possess$ n only
 physical1 b  intellectual & moral      
c\rage4 ,9 ! face ( h>d%ip or difficulty
  he 0 undaunt$1 ev] en]getic at !      
mom5t1 ev] hop+ = bett]  times4 ,8 p[] (
 work+ 0 enorm\s1 = he made virtually no
  false motions1 b proce$$ sil5tly1     
swiftly1 ) no app>5t  ef=t1 & = long    
p]iods )\t int]ruption4    ,mu* has be5 
said by 8 fri5ds ( ! dep? & s9c]ity ( 8 
s5tim5ts 9 po9t ( religion4 ,b he _h    
little sympa?y )  cl]gym51 or ) !       
def9ite =ms 9 :i* ! religi\s exp]i5ce  (
 man has express$ itself--?\gh ^! =ms   
are 9 _! ess5ce  & developm5t n unlike !
 natural =ms :i* he s rev]5tly  /udi$4  
,"o :o knew him well affirms t 9 e>ly   
manhood ,agassiz1  if n precisely a     
mat]iali/1 0 at all ev5ts a sceptic2 b 8
  lat] /udies1 ) mature reflection1 l$  
him to believe 9 a ,div9e  ,creator4 ,! 

ext]nal univ]se became to him ! language
 9 :i* !  ,div9e ,be+ conveys 8 ideas to
 man1 & natural hi/ory !  discipl9e by  
:i* m5 int]pret t language4 ,?us he     
says1 9 !  ,essay on ,classification3   
',to me x appe>s indisputable t  ?is    
ord] & arrangem5t ( our /udies are bas$ 
^u ! natural1  primitive relations (    
animal life--^? sy/ems1 to :i* we h     
giv5 ! names ( ! great lead]s ( our     
sci5ce :o fir/ propos$  !m1 be+ 9 tru? b
 translations into human language ( !   
?\ghts ( ! ,creator4 ,& if ?is is inde$ 
s1 d we n f9d 9  ?is adaptability ( !   
human intellect to ! facts ( creation1  
by  :i* we become in/9ctively1 &1 z ,i h
 said1 unconsci\sly1 !  translators ( ! 
?\ghts ( ,god1 ! mo/ conclusive pro( (  
our  aff9ity ) ! ,div9e m9d8 ,& is n ?is
 intellectual &  spiritual connection ) 
! ,almighty wor?y ( our deepe/          
consid]ation8 ,if !re is any tru? 9 !   
belief t man is made 9  ! image ( ,god1 
x is surely n amiss = ! philosoph] to   
endeavor1 by ! /udy ( 8 own m5tal       

op]ations1 to approximate !  work+s ( ! 
,div9e ,reason1 le>n+ f ! nature ( 8 own
 m9d  bett] to und]/& ! ,inf9ite        
,intellect f :i* x is d]iv$4  ,su* a    
sugge/ion may1 at fir/ sight1 appe>     
irrev]5t4 ,b :o is  ! truly humble8 ,he 
:o1 p5etrat+ into ! secrets ( creation1 
arranges !m "u a =mula1 :i* he pr\dly   
calls 8 sci5tific  sy/em8 or he :o 9 !  
same pursuit recognizes 8 glori\s       
aff9ity  ) ! ,creator1 & 9 deepe/       
gratitude = s sublime a bir?right       
/rives to be ! fai?ful int]pret] ( t    
,div9e ,intellect )  :om he is p]mitt$1 
nay1 ) :om he is int5d$1 accord+ to !   
laws ( 8 be+1 to ent] into communion8   
,footnote3 ,essay on  ,classification   
7#ahei71 pp4 #i-aj4 ,h]e9 we may disc]n 
! secret  ( 8 p[] z a tea*]4            
',agassiz's influ5ce on me?ods ( tea*+ 9
 our community1' said  ,pr(essor ,james1
 '0 prompt & decisive--all ! m t x /ruck
  p's imag9ation by its v excess4 ,!    
good old way ( committ+  pr9t$          
ab/ractions to memory nev] seems to h   

receiv$ su* a %ock  z x enc\nt]$ at 8   
h&s4 ,!re is probably no public s*ool   
tea*] n[ #ahif 9 ,new ,engl& :o w n tell
 y h[ ,agassiz us$  to lock a /ud5t up 9
 a room full ( turtle-%ells1 or         
lob/]-%ells1  or oy/]-%ells1 )\t a book 
or a ^w to help him1 & n let him  out   
till he _h discov]$ all ! tru?s :i* !   
objects conta9$4  ,"s f\nd ! tru?s aft] 
weeks & mon?s ( lonely sorr[2 o!rs  nev]
 f\nd !m4 ,^? :o f\nd !m 7 already made 
into naturali/s  !reby--! failures 7    
blott$ f ! book ( honor & ( life4  ,g to
 nature2 take ! facts into y\r own h&s2 
look1 & see =  y\rself6--^! 7 ! maxims  
:i* ,agassiz prea*$ :]ev] he  w5t1 & _! 
effect ^u p$agogy 0 electric4444 ,:ile  
on ! ,?ay]  exp$ition to ,brazil1 9     
#ahfe1 ,i rememb] t ,i (t5 put que/ions 
to  him ab\t ! facts ( our new tropical 
habitat1 b ,i d\bt if he ev]  answ]$ "o 
( ^! que/ions ( m9e outright4 ,he always
 said3 ,!re1  y see y h a def9ite       
problem4 ,g & look1 & f9d ! answ] =     
y\rself4' ,footnote3 ,william ,james1   

,l\is ,agassiz1 ,words ,spok5 444  at ! 
,reception ( ! ,am]ican ,society (      
,naturali/s 444 ,dec4 #cj1  #ahif4 ,pp4 
#i1 #aj4 ,cambridge1 #ahig4             
,,ix    ,,obit] ,,dicta ,,by ,,agassiz  
,footnote3 ,! fir/ n9e ( ^! utt]ances 7 
tak5 d[n by ,dr4  ,david ,/air ,jordan  
at ,p5ikese1 9 ! summ] ( #ahgc1 f       
,agassiz's  talks to tea*]s2 see ,popul>
 ,sci5ce ,mon?ly #dj4 #gbf-gbg1 &       
,hold]1 ,l\is ,agassiz1 8 ,life &       
,works1 #ahic1 pp4 #agc-agf4  ,! next   
five come f ! article entitl$ ',l\is    
,agassiz1 ,tea*]1'  by ,pr(essor ,burt  
,g4 ,wild]1 9 ,! ,h>v>d ,graduate's     
,magaz9e1  ,june1 #aijg1 & ! la/ ?ree f 
,agassiz's po/hum\s article1  ,evolution
 & ,p]man5ce ( ,type1 9 ! ,atlantic     
,mon?ly1  ,jan41 #ahgd 7vol4 #cc74      
,nev] try to tea* :at y y\rself d n "k1 
& "k well4 ,if  y\r s*ool bo>d insi/s on
 y\r tea*+ any?+ & ev]y?+1  decl9e      
firmly to d x4 ,x is an imposition alike
 on pupils &  tea*] to tea* t :i* he    
does n "k4 ,^? tea*]s :o are  /rong     

en\gh %\ld squ>ely refuse to d su* "w4  
,?is mu*-ne$$  re=m is already beg9n+ 9 
our colleges1 & ,i hope x w  cont9ue4 ,x
 is a relic ( m$iaeval times1 ?is idea (
 pr(ess+  ev]y?+4 ,:5 tea*]s beg9 to    
decl9e "w :i* !y _c d  well1 improvem5ts
 beg9 to come 94 ,if "o w be a          
successful  tea*]1 he mu/ firmly refuse 
"w :i* he _c d successfully4    ,x is a 
false idea to suppose t ev]ybody is     
compet5t to le>n or  to tea* ev]y?+4    
,w\ld our great arti/s h succe$$ equally
  well 9 ,greek or calculus8 ,a smatt]+ 
( ev]y?+ is wor? little4  ,x is a       
fallacy to suppose t an encyclopa$ic k  
is  desirable4 ,! m9d is made /rong1 n  
?r\gh mu* le>n+1 b by  ! ?or\gh         
possession ( some?+4    ,lay aside all  
conceit4 ,le>n to read ! book ( nature =
 y\rself4  ,^? :o h succe$$ be/ h foll[$
 = ye>s "s slim ?read  :i* has once 9 a 
:ile broad5$ out & disclos$ "s treasure 
wor? a life-long se>*4    ,a man _c be a
 pr(essor ( zoology on "o day1 & (      
*emi/ry on  ! next1 & d good "w 9 bo?4  

,z 9 a conc]t all are musicians  --"o   
plays "o in/rum5t1 & "o ano!r1 b none   
all 9 p]fection4    ,y _c d )\t "o      
specialty2 y mu/ h "s base-l9e to       
measure ! "w & atta9m5ts ( o!rs4 ,= a   
g5]al view ( !  subject1 /udy ! hi/ory (
 ! sci5ces4 ,broad k ( all  nature has  
be5 ! possession ( no naturali/ except  
,humboldt1 &  g5]al relations con/itut$ 
8 specialty4    ,select su* subjects t  
y\r pupils _c walk )\t see+ !m4  ,tra9  
y\r pupils to be obs]v]s1 & h !m provid$
 ) !  specim5s ab\t :i* y speak4 ,if y c
 f9d no?+ bett]1 take a  h\se-fly or a  
cricket1 & let ea* hold a specim5 &     
exam9e x z  y talk4    ,9 #ahdg ,i gave 
an address at ,newton1 ,massa*usetts1   
be=e a ,tea*]s'  ,in/itute conduct$ by  
,horace ,mann4 ,my subject 0 gras%opp]s4
 ,i  pass$ ar\nd a l>ge j> ( ^! insects1
 & made e tea*] take  "o & hold x :ile  
,i 0 speak+4 ,if any "o dropp$ ! insect1
 ,i  /opp$ till he pick$ x up4 ,?is 0 at
 t "t a great innovation1  & excit$ mu* 
laught] & d]ision4 ,!re c be no true    

progress  9 ! tea*+ ( natural sci5ce    
until su* me?ods become g5]al4    ,!re  
is no "p ( ! c\ntry :]e1 9 ! summ]1 y _c
 get a  suffici5t supply ( ! be/        
specim5s4 ,tea* y\r *ildr5 to br+  !m 9 
!mselves4 ,take y\r text f ! brooks1 n f
 ! book  -sell]s4 ,x is bett] to h a few
 =ms well kn[n ?an to tea* a  little    
ab\t _m hundr$ species4 ,bett] a doz5   
specim5s ?or\ghly  /udi$ z ! result ( ! 
fir/ ye>'s "w1 ?an to h two  ?\s&       
doll>s' wor? ( %ells & corals b\ght f a 
curiosity  -%op4 ,! doz5 animals w\ld be
 y\r own4    ,! /udy ( nature is an     
int]c\rse ) ! highe/ m9d4 ,y  %\ld nev] 
trifle ) nature4 ,at ! l[e/ h] works are
 ! works  ( ! highe/ p[]s--! highe/     
some?+1 9 :atev] way we may  look at x4 
,x is mu* m important = a naturali/ to  
und]/& ! /ructure  ( a few animals ?an  
to comm& ! :ole field ( sci5tific       
nom5clature4    ,me?ods may det]m9e !   
result4    ,! only true sci5tific sy/em 
mu/ be "o 9 :i* ! ?\ght1 !  intellectual
 /ructure1 rises out (1 & is bas$ ^u1   

facts4    ,he is lo/1 z an obs]v]1 :o   
believes t he c1 ) impunity1  affirm t =
 :i* he c adduce no evid5ce4    ,h !    
c\rage to say3 ',i d n "k4'    ,s9ce !  
ability ( comb9+ facts is a mu* r>] gift
 ?an t (  disc]n+ !m1 _m /ud5ts lo/     
sight ( ! unity ( /ructural  design 9 ! 
multiplicity ( /ructural detail4        
,footnote3 ,atlantic  ,mon?ly #cc4 #ic4 
,x _c be too soon und]/ood t sci5ce is  
"o1 & t :e!r  we inve/igate language1   
philosophy1 !ology1 hi/ory1 or physics1 
we  are deal+ ) ! same problem1 culm9at+
 9 ! k (  ourselves4 ,spee* is kn[n only
 9 connection ) ! organs ( man1  ?\ght 9
 connection ) 8 bra91 religion z !      
expression ( 8  aspirations1 hi/ory z ! 
record ( 8 de$s1 & physical sci5ces  z !
 laws "u :i* he lives4 ,footnote3       
,atlantic ,mon?ly  #cc4 #ie4    ,! mo/  
advanc$ ,d>w9ians seem reluctant to     
ackn[l$ge !  int]v5tion ( an            
intellectual p[] 9 ! div]sity :i* obta9s
 9  nature1 "u ! plea t su* an admission
 implies di/9ct creative  acts = e      

species4 ,:at ( x1 if x 7 true8 ,h ^? :o
  object to repeat$ acts ( creation ev] 
consid]$ t no progress  c be made 9 k   
)\t repeat$ acts ( ?9k+8 ,& :at  are    
?\ghts b specific acts ( ! m9d8 ,:y %\ld
 x !n be  unsci5tific to inf] t ! facts 
( nature are ! result ( a  simil>       
process1 s9ce !re is no evid5ce ( any   
o!r cause8 ,!  _w has aris5 9 "s way or 
o!r4 ,h[ x orig9at$ is ! great  "q1 &   
,d>w9's !ory1 l all o!r attempts to     
expla9 !  orig9 ( life1 is ?us f> m]ely 
conjectural4 ,i believe he has n  ev5   
made ! be/ conjecture possible 9 !      
pres5t /ate ( our  k4    ,! m ,i look at
 ! great complex ( ! animal _w1 ! m     
sure d ,i feel t we h n yet rea*$ its   
hidd5 mean+1 & !  m d ,i regret t ! "y &
 ard5t spirits ( our day give  !mselves 
to speculation r ?an to close & accurate
  inve/igation4 ,footnote3 ,atlantic    
,mon?ly #cc4 #aja4          ,x          
,,passages ,,= ,,comp>ison ,,) ,,!      
,,me?od ,,( ,,agassiz      ,,boeckh ,,on
 ,,! ,,/udy ,,( ,,hi/ory ,,& ,,lit]ature

    ,footnote3 ,augu/ ,boeckh2          
,encyclopadie und ,me?odobgie d]        
,philologis*5 ,wiss5s*aft51 pp4 #df-dg4 
,! p]son :o fir/ seeks to acquire a     
g5]al survey ( a sci5ce1  & !n gradually
 to desc5d to details1 w nev] atta9 to  
s\nd  & exact k1 b w = ev] dissipate 8  
en]gies1 &1  kn[+ _m ?+s1 w yet "k no?+4
 ,9 8 lectures on !  ,me?od (           
,academical ,/udy1 ,s*ell+ rem>ks )     
great ju/ice t1  9 hi/ory1 to beg9 ) a  
survey ( ! entire pa/ is 9 ! highe/     
degree useless & injuri\s1 s9ce x gives 
"o m]e comp>tm5ts =  k1 )\t any?+ to    
fill !m4 ,9 hi/ory1 8 advice is1  fir/  
/udy "o p]iod 9 detail1 & f ?is broad5  
out 9 all  directions4 ,= ! /udy (      
language & lit]ature 7:i* corresponds  )
 hi/ory 9 its mo/ g5]al s5se7 a simil>  
proc$ure is ! only  "r "o4 ,ev]y?+ 9    
sci5ce is relat$2 al?\gh sci5ce itself  
is  endless1 yet ! :ole sy/em is p]vad$ 
) sympa?ies &  correspond5ces4 ,let !   
/ud5t place himself :]e he w--s long  z 
he selects some?+ significant & wor?    

:ile1--& he w be  compell$ to broad5 out
 f ?is po9t ( dep>ture 9 e  direction 9 
ord] to rea* a complete und]/&+ ( 8     
subject4  ,f ea* & e detail "o is driv5 
to consid] ! :ole2 !  only ?+ t matt]s  
is t "o g to "w 9 ! "r way1 )  /r5g?1   
intellig5ce1 & avidity4 ,let "o *oose   
sev]al diff]5t  po9ts ( dep>ture1 work+ 
?r\gh f ea* ( !m to ! :ole1  & "o w     
grasp ! :ole all ! m surely1 & compreh5d
 !  weal? ( detail all ! m fully4       
,accord+ly1 by s9k+ deep into  !        
p>ticul>1 "o mo/ easily avoids ! dang] (
 becom+ n>r[4      ,,passages ,,=       
,,comp>ison    ,,f ,,! ,,symposium ,,(  
,,plato      ,! passage is ?us summ>iz$ 
by ,j[ett3 ',he :o w\ld be truly        
initiat$ %\ld pass f ! concrete to !    
ab/ract1 f !  individual to ! univ]sal1 
f ! univ]sal to ! univ]se (  tru? &     
beauty4 ,footnote3 ,plato1 ,symposium4  
,! ,dialogues  ( ,plato1 translat$ by   
,j[ett1 ,new ,york1 ,ox=d ,univ]sity    
,press1  #ahib1 #a4 #ehj-ehb4           
,diotima4444 ,^! are ! less] my/]ies (  

love1 into :i*  ev5 y1 ,socrates1 may   
ent]2 to ! great] & m hidd5 ones  :i*   
are ! cr[n ( ^!1 & to :i*1 if y pursue  
!m 9 a  "r _s1 !y w lead1 ,i "k n :e!r y
 w be able to  atta94 ,b ,i w d my utmo/
 to in=m y1 & d y foll[ if y  c4 ,he :o 
w\ld proce$ aright 9 ?is matt] %\ld beg9
 9 y\?  to visit beautiful =ms2 & fir/1 
if he be guid$ by 8 in/ructor  aright1  
to love "o su* =m only--out ( t he %\ld 
create fair  ?\ghts4 ,& soon he w (     
himself p]ceive t ! beauty ( "o  =m is  
ak9 to ! beauty ( ano!r2 & !n1 if beauty
 ( =m 9  g5]al is 8 pursuit1 h[ fooli%  
w\ld he be n to recognize t  ! beauty 9 
e =m is "o & ! same6 ,& :5 he p]ceives  
?is1 he w abate 8 viol5t love ( ! "o1   
:i* he w despise  & deem a small ?+1 & w
 become a lov] ( all beautiful =ms4  ,9 
! next /age he w consid] t ! beauty ( ! 
m9d is m  honorable ?an ! beauty ( !    
outw>d =m4 ,s t if a virtu\s  s\l h b a 
little comel9ess1 he w be cont5t to love
 & t5d  him1 & w se>* out & br+ to !    
bir? ?\ghts :i* may  improve ! "y1 until

 he is compell$ to contemplate & see !  
beauty ( in/itutions & laws1 & to und]/&
 t ! beauty (  !m all is ( "o family1 & 
t p]sonal beauty is a trifle4 ,&  aft]  
laws & in/itutions he w g on to !       
sci5ces1 t he may  see _! beauty1 be+ n1
 l a s]vant1 9 love ) ! beauty (  "o y\?
 or man or in/itution1 himself a slave1 
mean & n>r[-  m9d$1 b draw+ t[>ds &     
contemplat+ ! va/ sea ( beauty1  he w   
create _m fair & noble ?\ghts & notions 
9 b\ndless  love ( wisdom2 until on t   
%ore he gr[s & waxes /rong1 & at  la/ ! 
vision is reveal$ to him ( a s+le       
sci5ce1 :i* is !  sci5ce ( beauty       
ev]y:]e4444    ,he :o has be5 in/ruct$  
?us f> 9 ! ?+s ( love1 & :o has  le>n$  
to see ! beautiful 9 due ord] &         
succession1 :5 he comes  t[>d ! end w   
sudd5ly p]ceive a nature ( wondr\s      
beauty 7&  ?is1 ,socrates1 is ! f9al    
cause ( all our =m] toils7--a nature    
:i* 9 ! fir/ place is ev]la/+1 n gr[+ & 
decay+1 or  wax+ & wan+2 secondly1 n    
fair 9 "o po9t ( view & f\l 9  ano!r1 or

 at "o "t or 9 "o relation or at "o     
place fair1 at  ano!r "t or 9 ano!r     
relation or at ano!r place f\l1 z if    
fair to "s & f\l to o!rs1 or 9 ! lik5ess
 ( a face or h&s  or any o!r "p ( !     
bodily frame1 or 9 any =m ( spee* or  k1
 or exi/+ 9 any o!r be+1 z1 = example1 9
 an  animal1 or 9 heav51 or 9 e>?1 or 9 
any o!r place2 b beauty  absolute1      
sep>ate1 simple1 & ev]la/+1 :i* )\t     
dim9ution  & )\t increase1 or any *ange1
 is imp>t$ to ! ev]-gr[+  & p]i%+       
beauties ( all o!r ?+s4 ,he :o f ^!     
asc5d+  "u ! influ5ce ( true love1 beg9s
 to p]ceive t beauty1 is  n f> f ! end4 
,& ! true ord] ( go+1 or be+ l$ by      
ano!r1 to ! ?+s ( love is to beg9 f !   
beauties ( e>?1  & m\nt upw>ds = ! sake 
( t o!r beauty1 us+ ^! z  /eps only1 & f
 "o go+ on to two1 & f two to all fair  
=ms1 & f fair =ms to fair practices1 & f
 fair practices  to fair notions1 until 
f fair notions he arrives at ! notion ( 
absolute beauty1 & at la/ kn[s :at !    
ess5ce ( beauty is4