,illu/ration ,,egyptian ,,decorative ,,art ,a ,,c\rse ,,( ,,lectures ,,deliv]$ ,,at ,,! ,,royal ,,in/itution ,,by ,w4 ,m4 ,,fl9d]s ,,petrie1 ,d4,c4,l4 ,,edw>ds ,,pr(essor ,,( ,,egyptology1 ,,univ]sity ,,college1 ,,london ,,second ,,edition ,,me?u5 ,,co41 ,,ltd4 #cf ,,essex ,,/reet1 ,w4,c4 ,,london ,fir/ ,publi%$ ,octob] #ahie ,second ,edition #aibj ,,cont5ts ,,*apt] ,i ,,s\rces ,,( ,,decoration ,,page ,,egyptian ,,ta/e ,,= ,,decoration #a ,,decorative ,,writ+ ,,( ,,hi]oglyphs #c ,,orig9 ,,( ,,patt]ns #e ,,probability ,,( ,,copy+ #f ,,geometrical ,,ornam5t #i ,,natural ,,ornam5t #aj ,,/ructural ,,ornam5t #aj ,,symbolic ,,ornam5t #aa ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,geometrical ,,decoration ,,! ,,l9e ,,& ,,zigzag #ab ,,! ,,spot #ae ,,! ,,wave #af ,,! ,,spiral #ag ,,! ,,cont9u\s ,,spiral #ba ,,spiral ,,surface ,,patt]ns #bh ,,quadruple ,,spirals #ca ,,frets #ce ,,greek ,,spirals #ch ,,spiral ,,bord]s #dj ,,*equ]s #dd ,,/it* ,,patt]ns #df ,,circles #dg ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,natural ,,decoration ,,fea!rs #ej ,,rosettes #ef ,,disc ,,& ,,spot ,,patt]ns #fj ,,lotus ,,fl[] #fb ,,lotus ,,bord]s #fd ,,lotus ,,plant #ff ,,lotus ,,developm5t #fh ,,lotus1 ,,assyrian ,,& ,,greek #gb ,,lotus ,,) ,,p5dant #gc ,,papyrus #ge ,,lotus ,,& ,,papyrus ,,columns #gf ,,! ,,palm #gh ,,! ,,v9e #gi ,,! ,,convolvulus #ha ,,! ,,?i/le #hb ,,g>l&s #hb ,,captives #he ,,! ,,ibex #hg ,,birds #hg ,,/>s #hh ,,gra9+ ,,& ,,m>bl+ #hi ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,/ructural ,,decoration ,,/ructural ,,=ms ,,surviv+ #ia ,,rope ,,patt]n #ib ,,basket-,,"w #ic ,,wood5 ,,fram+ #id ,,panell+ #ie ,,slop+ ,,walls #if ,,torus ,,roll #ig ,,palm ,,cornice #ih ,,papyrus ,,cornice #aja ,,b9d+ ,,patt]ns #ajc ,,*apt] ,v ,,symbolic ,,decoration ,,! ,,uraeus #ajg ,,! ,,disc ,,& ,,w+s #ajh ,,! ,,horns #aaj ,,! ,,vulture #aaa ,,! ,,sc>ab #aaa ,,! ,,lion #aab ,,! ,,goddess ,,maat #aad ,,! ,,goddess ,,ha?or #aad ,,! ,,god ,,bes #aae ,,hi]oglyph ,,symbols #aaf ,,captives #abb ,,index #abc ,,abbreviations ,c4 ,m4 ,*ampollion1 ,monum5ts4 ,duem4 ,duemi*5 ,hi/4 ,ins*r4 ,f4 ,p4 coll4 ,fl9d]s ,petrie collection4 ,goodye>4 ,gramm> ( ! lotus4 ,h4 ,s4 ,hi/orical ,sc>abs 7,petrie74 ,i4 ,illahun 7,petrie7 ,k4 ,kahun 7,petrie74 ,l4 ,d4 ,lepsius ,d5kmal]4 ,p4 & ,c4 ,p]rot & ,*ipiez1 ,egypt4 ,p4 & ,c4 ,ass4 ,p]rot & ,*ipiez1 ,assyria4 ,p4 ,i4 ,petrie1 ,illahun4 ,p4 ,m4 ,petrie1 ,m$um4 ,p4 or ,prisse4 ,prisse1 ,art2 numb]s ref] to numb]+ 9 ,edw>ds ,libr>y copy1 plates be+ issu$ unnumb]$4 ,p4 ,mon4 ,prisse1 ,monum5ts4 ,r4 ,c4 ,rosell9i1 ,mon4 ,civili4 ,r4 ,s4 ,rosell9i1 ,mon4 ,/orici4 ,s*uck4 ,s*uckh>dt's1 ,s*liemann4 ,t4 ,a4 ,tell el ,am>na 7,petrie74 ,tanis4 ,tanis 7,petrie7 ,w4 ,m4 ,c4 ,wilk9son1 ,mann]s & ,cu/oms4 ,! %ad+ ( ! figures is accord+ to h]aldic col\rs3 r$1 blue1 gre51 _/_/ purple1 yell[ ,,*apt] ,i ,,! ,,s\rces ,,( ,,decoration ,9 deal+ ) ! subject ( decorative art 9 ,egypt1 x is ne$ful to beg9 by sett+ "s b\nds to a /udy :i* might be made to embrace almo/ e example ( anci5t "w kn[n to u 9 t l&4 ,! ,egyptian treatm5t ( ev]y?+ great & small 0 s /rongly decorative t x is h>d to exclude an ov]:elm+ v>iety ( consid]ations4 ,b "h x is propos$ to limit our view to ! hi/orical developm5t ( ! v>i\s motives or elem5ts ( decoration4 ,! l>g] que/ions ( ! /hetic s*eme ( design1 ( ! mean+ ( ornam5t--symbolic or religi\s1 ( ! value & effect ( col\r1 ( ! relations ( p>ts1 we c b glance at occasionally 9 pass+2 9 ano!r bran*1 ! hi/orical connection ( ,egyptian design ) t ( o!r c\ntries1 ! prospect is s tempt+ & s valuable1 t we may l+] a little at ea* ( ^! bye-ways to note :]e ! turn+ occurs & to :at x leads4 ,z ,i h said1 all ,egyptian design 0 /rongly decorative4 ,! love ( =m & ( draw+ 0 p]haps a great] =ce ) ! ,egyptians ?an ) any o!r p4 ,! e>ly ,babylonians & ! ,*9ese _h1 l ! ,egyptians1 a pictorial writ+2 b /ep by /ep !y soon dropp$ ! picture altoge!r 9 fav\r ( ! easi] abbreviation ( x4 ,! ,egyptian1 on ! contr>y1 nev] lo/ sight ( 8 orig9al picture2 & h[ev] mu* 8 curr5t h& alt]$1 yet = f\r or five ?\s& ye>s he /ill ma9ta9$ 8 true hi]oglyphic pictures4 ,!y 7 modifi$ by ta/e & fa%ion1 ev5 9 "s cases _! orig9 0 =gott51 yet ! arti/ic =m 0 !re to ! v end4 ,b ! hi]oglyphs 7 n only a writ+1 !y 7 a decoration 9 !mselves4 ,_! position 0 rul$ by _! effect z a frieze1 l ! beautiful tile bord]s ( ,cufic inscription on ,arab ar*itecture2 & we nev] see 9 ,egypt ! b>b>\s cutt+ ( an inscription across figure sculptures z is s common 9 ,assyria4 ,! arrangem5t ( ! gr\ps ( hi]oglyphs 0 also rul$ by _! decorative effect4 ,signs 7 (t5 transpos$ 9 ord] to gr\p !m m h>moni\sly toge!r 9 a graceful s*eme2 & _m s\nds _h two diff]5t signs1 "o tall1 ano!r wide1 :i* c\ld be us$ indiff]5tly 7at lea/ 9 lat] times7 s z to comb9e bett] ) ! =ms :i* adjo9$ !m4 ,9 %ort1 ! ,egyptian ) true decorative in/9ct clung to 8 pictorial writ+1 modifi$ x to adapt x to 8 designs1 & 0 rew>d$ by hav+ ! mo/ beautiful writ+ t ev] exi/$1 & "o :i* excit$ & gave scope to 8 arti/ic ta/es on e monum5t4 ,?is is b "o illu/ration ( ! inh]5t p[] = design & decoration :i* made ! ,egyptian ! fa!r ( ! _w's ornam5t4 ,9 o!r directions we see ! same ability4 ,9 ! adaptation ( ! sc5es ( peace or ( w> to ! gigantic wall surfaces ( ! pylons & temples2 9 ! gr& situations *os5 = ! build+s1 f ! plat=m ( cliffs = ! pyramids at ,gizeh1 to ! graceful isl& ( ,phil2 9 ! pr(usion ( ornam5t on ! small objects ( daily life1 :i* yet nev] appe> inappropriate until a debas$ p]iod2--9 all ^! diff]5t mann]s ! ,egyptian %[$ a v>iety ( capacity 9 design & decoration :i* has n be5 exce$$ by any o!r p4 ,! "q ( ! orig9ation ( patt]ns at "o or m c5tres has be5 z disput$ z ! orig9ation ( man himself f "o or m /ocks4 ,probably "s patt]ns may h be5 re-inv5t$ 9 diff]5t ages & c\ntries2 b1 z yet1 we h f> less evid5ce ( re-inv5tion ?an we h ( copy+4 ,x is easy to pre-suppose a repeat$ inv5tion ( designs1 b we are conc]n$ ) :at has be51 & n ) :at might h be54 ,practically x is v difficult1 or almo/ impossible1 to po9t out decoration :i* is prov$ to h orig9at$ indep5d5tly1 & n to h be5 copi$ f ! ,egyptian /ock4 ,! influ5ces ( ! modes ( "w 9 weav+ & basket-"w h _h mu* to d ) ! uni=mity ( patt]ns 9 diff]5t c\ntries2 app>5tly />t+ f diff]5t motives1 ! patt]ns :5 subject to ! same /ructural influ5ces h result$ 9 v simil> ornam5ts4 ,?is complicates ! "q und\bt$ly2 & until we h mu* m rese>* on ! hi/ory ( design1 & an abundance ( dat$ examples1 x w be unsafe to dogmatise "o way or ! o!r4 ,s f>1 h[ev]1 z evid5ce at pres5t goes1 x may be said t--9 ! ,old ,_w at lea/--!re is a presumption t all ! ornam5t ( ! types ( ,egyptian designs is l9eally desc5d$ f ^? designs4 ,mr4 ,goodye> has br\ght s mu* evid5ce = ?is1 t--:e!r we agree ) all 8 views or n--8 facts are reasonably conv9c+ on ! g5]al desc5t ( classic ornam5t f ,egyptian1 & ( ,indian & ,mohamm$an f ! classical1 & ev5 ( ,ea/]n ,asian design f ! ,mohamm$an s\rces4 ,a good illu/ration ( ! p5etrat+ effect ( design is se5 9 a mo/ int]e/+ "w on ! prehi/oric bronzes ( ,m9us9sk 9 ,c5tral ,asia1 ne> ! s\rces ( ! ,y5esei riv]1 & equidi/ant f ,russia & f ,*9a1 f ! ,arctic ,ocean & f ! ,bay ( ,b5gal4 ,"h 9 ! v he>t ( ,asia we might look = "s orig9al design4 ,b yet x is easy to see ! m+l$ influ5ces ( ! surr\nd+ l&s1 & to lay "o's f+] on "o ?+ t might be ,norse1 on ano!r t might be ,*9ese1 or ano!r ,p]sian4 ,if1 !n1 ! ta/es ( c\ntries di/ant "o or two ?\s& miles 9 diff]5t directions c be se5 m\ld+ an art across half a cont95t1 h[ mu* m readily c we cr$it ! desc5t ( design along ! well-kn[n hi/orical l9es ( int]c\rse4 ,! same ?+ on a less] scale is se5 9 ! rec5t publication ( ! prehi/oric bronzes ( ,upp] ,bav>ia2 9 ^! ! designs are p>tly ,italic1 p>tly ,myk5aean4 ,if =ms 7 readily re-inv5t$ aga9 & aga9 indep5d5tly1 :y %\ld we n f9d 9 ,bav>ia "s ( ! ,p]sian or ,*9ese types8 ,no?+ ( ! k9d is se51 b ! =ms & decoration are di/9ctly ^? ( ! two c\ntries f :i* ! anci5t mak]s presumably obta9$ _! arts & civilisation4 ,yet aga91 to come to hi/orical times1 ! elegant use ( ! angle ( a ?ird ( a "r angle s g5]ally 9 ,arab art1 is v di/9ct & *>act]i/ic4 ,yet if patt]ns 7 cont9ually re-inv5t$1 h[ is x t no "o else hit on ?is simple elem5t = ?\s&s ( ye>s8 ,! v fact t ! locality & date ( an object ( unkn[n orig9 c be s closely pr$ict$ by its /yle & feel+ 9 design1 is ! be/ pro( h[ cont9u\s is ! hi/ory & evolution ( ornam5t1 & h[ little new inv5tion has to d ) x--9 %ort1 h[ difficult x is to man to be really orig9al4 ,n[ we c see a s\rce = mo/ ( our famili> elem5ts ( design 9 ! decoration :i* 0 us$ 9 ,egypt long be=e any example t is kn[n to u outside ( t l&4 ,& x is to ,egypt !n t we are logically b\nd to look z ! orig9 ( ^! motives4 ,if1 !n1 we seek ! s\rce ( mo/ ( ! v>i\s elem5ts ( ! decoration :i* cov]s our walls1 our floors1 our di%es1 our book-cov]s1 & ev5 our railway /ations1 we mu/ beg9 by /udy+ ,egypt4 ,z our object is ! hi/ory & evolution ( ! v>i\s elem5ts ( decoration1 we may classify ^! elem5ts "u f\r divisions4 ,!re is ! simple/ geometrical ornam5t ( l9es & spirals & curves1 & ( surfaces divid$ by ^! into squ>es & circles4 ,!re is ! natural ornam5t ( copy+ fea!rs1 fl[]s1 plants1 & animals4 ,!re is /ructural ornam5t :i* results f ! /ructural necessities ( build+ & ( manufacture3 ^! (t5 result 9 ! p]petuation ( defects or copies ( defects1 l ! circle /amp$ 9 ! pla9 end ( meat t9s :i* is made to imitate ! circul> pat* sold]$ on to ! o!r end1 s try+ to e/abli% a balance ( appe>ance4 ,_m ar*itectural devices & difficulties are p]petuat$ = u 9 ?is way long aft] ! orig9al purpose has pass$ away2 su* z ! cyl9drical bosses project+ f ! walls 9 ,moslem ar*itecture1 :i* imitate ! project+ ends ( pill>s torn f ru9s & built into ! wall1 ?\gh r too long = ! position4 ,! orig9 & ! imitation c be se5 side by side at ,j]usalem4 ,/ructural ornam5t is !re=e (t5 ( ! greate/ hi/orical value z po9t+ to a condition ( ?+s t has s9ce vani%$4 ,la/ly1 !re is symbolic ornam5t4 ,"s n[ claim mo/ decoration z hav+ "s symbolic or religi\s mean+2 ( t ,i %all say no?+1 z x is b an hypo!sis4 ,b !re is no "q ( ! symbolical int5tion ( _m con/antly repeat$ ornam5ts 9 ,egyptian "w1 z ! globe & w+s1 ! sc>ab1 or ! v>i\s hi]oglyphs ) well-kn[n mean+s :i* are int]wov5 into _m designs4 ,,*apt] ,,ii ,,geometrical ,,decoration ,! ,l9e4 ,"o ( ! simple/ & ! e>lie/ k9ds ( ornam5t t we f9d is ! zigzag l9e1 :i* occurs on ! olde/ tombs1 #djjj ,b4,c4 ,s simple is ?is1 t x might be suppos$ t e possible v>iety ( x w\ld be soon play$ out4 ,yet1 /range to say1 two ( ! simple/ modifications are n f\nd till a c\ple ( ?\s& ye>s aft] ! pla9 zigzag _h be5 us$4 ,! wavy l9e 9 curves in/ead ( angul> waves is n f\nd till ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 or ab\t #aejj ,b4,c42 :ile ! zigzag ) spots 9 ! spaces is equally late1 & is g5]ally =eign to ,egypt4 ,illu/ration3 #a4--,,vi4 dyn41 ,l4,d41 ,,ii4 #ih4 ,illu/ration3 #b4--;,,iv4 dyn41 ,m]y1 ,l\vre4 ,illu/ration3 #c4--,v4 dyn41 ,ptah-hotep1 ,p]rot ,,xiii4 ,! pla9 repeat$ zigzag l9e is us$ d[n to late times1 b g5]ally ) v>iety 9 col\r to give x int]e/4 ,f ! e>lie/ times ?is 0 symmetrically d\bl$1 s z to give a r[ ( squ>es ) p>allel bord]s2 or ) repeat$ zigzag bord]s 9 alt]nate light & d>k col\rs4 ,?is same type la/$ onw>d to ! ,x,i,xth dyna/y 7belt ,ramessu ,,ii4 ,c4,m4,x471 & is f\nd1 ) ! addition ( spots 9 ! out] angles1 9 ! =eign dress ( ,%ekh ,ab%a1 at ,b5ihasan1 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y4 ,illu/ration3 #d4--,prisse1 ,art4 #hd4 ,illu/ration3 #e4--,l4,d41 ,,ii4 #acj4 ,a lat] /age 0 to repeat ! squ>es ) v>ieties ( col\r2 & also to introduce details into ! squ>es1 & s make !m comp\nd patt]ns1 z 9 ! ,x,v,i,ith dyna/y at ,el ,kab1 :]e ! sequ5ce ( ! blue1 gre51 & r$ l9es makes a brilliant effect f ^! simple elem5ts4 ,n only a squ>e1 b also a hexagon1 0 work$ into ! same design4 ,?is1 f ! nature ( x1 sugge/s a ru%-"w scre51 & probably x 0 plait$ ) ru%es 9 ?ree directions1 & h5ce ! production ( ?is p>ticul> angle4 ,! previ\s zigzag patt]ns all sugge/ weav+2 & 9 "s 9 ,ptah-hotep's tomb 7,v? dyn47 closely wov5 & complex zigzag patt]ns are %[n :i* are evid5tly copi$ f textiles1 z we %all see fur!r on 9 ! *equ] patt]ns4 ,illu/ration3 #f4--,,xii4 dyn4 ,amu dress4 ,illu/ration3 #g4--,,xviii41 ,keft dress4 ,c4,m4 cxcl4 ,illu/ration3 #h4--,,xx4 ,vase1 ,c4,m4 cclix4 ,! use ( spots = fill+ 9 corn]s 0 =eign to ! ,egyptian4 ,we fir/ f9d x 9 ! g>m5ts ( ! ,amu1 or p ( nor!rn ,arabia1 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y4 ,till !n a spot is nev] se51 except = ! c5tre ( a squ>e2 b ! ,amu dresses are cov]$ ) spots 9 e space1 & ev5 along ! b>s & /ripes ( col\r4 ,! same is se5 on ! lat] dresses ( ! ,amu 9 ! ,x,i,xth dyna/y1 & also 9 ! dress ( ! ,phnicians1 or ,keft p4 ,x recurs on ! =eign vases probably br\ght 9 f ! ,aegean2 & x is only f\nd 9 ,egyptian products dur+ ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 :5 =eign fa%ions prevail$1 ?\gh x is b r>e !n4 ,h5ce we may fairly set aside ?is use ( spots z a =eign or ,asiatic elem5t1 ak9 to ! fill+ 9 ( spaces on e>ly ,greek vases ) rosettes & o!r small ornam5ts4 ,illu/ration3 #i4--,,xviii41 ,p4 ,i4 xvii4 #g4 ,illu/ration3 #aj4--,,xviii4 ,vase1 ,r4,c4 lvii4 ,! zigzag l9e only became *ang$ into a r\nd$ wavy l9e 9 ! lat] "t ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,?is probably results f ! e>li] patt]ns be+ all direct copies ( textiles :i* ma9ta9$ rectil9e> patt]ns2 b :5 ! same came to be us$ on pott]y 7z above71 or on metal "w 7%ield bord]1 ,l4,d4 iii4 #fd71 !n curves 7 readily introduc$4 ,on a gold5 b[l repeat$ waves are %[n1 deep5$ s z to receive fur!r figures4 ,! ,spiral4 ,! spiral1 or scroll1 is "o ( ! greate/ elem5ts ( ,egyptian decoration2 x is only second to ! lotus 9 importance1 & %>es ) t ! orig9ation ( a great "p ( ! ornam5t ( ! _w4 ,! s\rce ( ! spiral & its mean+ are alike unc]ta94 ,x has be5 attribut$ to a developm5t ( ! lotus patt]n2 b x is kn[n 9 e v>iety ( treatm5t )\t any trace ( connection ) ! lotus4 ,x has be5 said to repres5t ! w&]+s ( ! s\l2 :y1 or h[1 is n specifi$2 nor :y "s s\ls %\ld w&] 9 circul> spirals1 o!rs 9 oval spirals1 "s 9 spirals ) ends1 o!rs 9 spirals t are endless4 ,& :at a s\l 0 suppos$ to d :5 on ! track ( a triple div]g+ spiral1 h[ x c\ld g two ways at once1 or :i* l9e x 0 to take--all ^! difficulties sugge/ t ! !ori/'s s\l 0 on a rem>kable spiral4 ,illu/ration3 #aa4--;,f4,p4 coll4 ,illu/ration3 #ab4--;,f4,p4 ,illu/ration3 #ac4--;,f4,p4 ,! subject ( spirals fall into two gr\ps4 ,! old] gr\p by f> are ! sc>abs1 :i* conta9 spirals on a limit$ & small field2 ! o!r gr\p are ^? cont9u\s patt]ns on ceil+s1 furniture1 c41 :i* are capable ( indef9ite ext5sion by repetition4 ,z ! sc>abs are f> ! old] examples1 !re is a presumption t spirals may h ev5 orig9at$ on sc>ab designs2 & ! hesitat+ & simple mann] ( ! olde/ in/ances on sc>abs inde$ seems z if ! engrav]s 7 m]ely fill+ a space1 & n copy+ any well-kn[n patt]n4 ,! e>lie/ t c be c]ta9ly dat$ is "o ( ,assa1 ( ! ,v? dyna/y1 on :i* a bord]+ l9e is int]rupt$ at ! ends & turn$ 9 to fill ! space on ei!r side ( ! "n4 ,f ! cramp$ way 9 :i* ?is is done1 & ! want ( uni=mity 9 ! spirals1 x seems z if no regul> patt]n 7 9 view1 b only ! ne$ ( avoid+ an unsightly gap 9 ! design4 ,we next see spirals us$ 9 ! same way to fill up at ! sides ( ! inscription on ! sc>abs ( ,pepy1 )\t any attempt to connect !m into a cont9u\s patt]n2 & on ! sc>abs ( ,maabra1 probably soon aft]1 ! same loose spirals are se5 ?r[n 9 to fill up4 ,9 none ( ^! cases is ! ornam5t any?+ b ! means ( supplem5t+ ! requir$ inscription2 no?+ is arrang$ = ! sake ( x1 & x is treat$ z a m]e aft]?\ght4 ,nor is x until ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y t any cont9u\s spiral design c be dat$4 ,= ov] a ?\s& ye>s1 !n1 ! spiral is only to be f\nd z an accessory on sc>abs1 a fact :i* /rongly sugge/s t x orig9at$ 9 ?is mann]4 ,be=e describ+ spirals fur!r1 x is ne$ful to settle "s def9ite names = _! v>ieties4 ,:]e ! l9es are coil$ closely 9 a circul> curve1 z 9 ,assa's sc>ab1 !y may be t]m$ coils2 :]e l5g!n$ out1 z 9 ,pepy's1 we may t]m !m hooks2 :]e l5g?y 9 ! body betwe5 ! turns1 z 9 ,maabra's1 !y are r l9ks4 ,:]e ! l9e is brok5 at ea* spiral1 z 9 all ! above1 x is a *a9 ( spirals2 b :]e ! same l9e is ma9ta9$ unbrok5 ?r\gh\t x is a cont9u\s spiral1 & ^! are f\nd 9 all v>ieties ( coils1 hooks1 or l9ks4 ,sometimes ! cont9u\s l9e has sep>ate ends1 b m usually x is endless1 return+ into itself4 ,^! t]ms w suffice to di/+ui% ! v>ieties1 & enable u to speak ( a spiral ) def9it5ess4 ,illu/ration3 #ad4--,l\vre4 ,illu/ration3 #ae4--;,ghizeh4 ,^! deta*$ spirals cont9u$ 9 use 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y1 g5]ally z loose l9ks1 (t5 n hook+ toge!r1 z 9 ?is ( ,us]tes5 ,,ii4 ,9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y ?is is /ill f\nd z a g5]al surface ornam5t on ! boat cov]s ( ,hat%epsut at ,deir al ,bahri & on ! base ( a ,kohl vase 9 ! ,ghizeh ,museum4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #af4 ,f4,p4 coll4 ,fig4 #ag4 ,b ! spiral 0 develop$1 app>5tly "u ,us]tes5 ,i41 into a *a9 ( coils1 :i* are drawn ) great beauty & regul>ity4 ,su* c>e indicates t ! design 0 a novelty1 :i* 0 n yet /]eotyp$ & reproduc$ z a matt] ( c\rse4 ,9 no lat] reign 7 spirals ev] s beautifully & p]fectly execut$4 ,?is type 0 reviv$ "u ,am5hotep ,,ii4 7,h4 ,s4 #ajig74 ,9 ab\t ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y x 0 comb9$ ) ! lotus 9 p]haps ! mo/ p]fect design t rema9s on any sc>ab--a cont9u\s coil ) fl[]s & buds 9 ! spaces4 ,illu/ration3 #ah4--,tur94 ,illu/ration3 #ai4--;,f4,p4 ,b x 0 felt t ! spirals all r\nd occupi$ too mu* ( ! field1 s ! top & bottom 7 left free = inscrib+1 & ! ornam5t 0 limit$ to ! sides1 z 9 ?is *a9 ( hook patt]n ( ,us]tes5 ,i4 ,?is design1 ) ! l9e cont9u$ ar\nd ! top z well z ! base1 0 ! /aple decoration ( ! private sc>abs ( ! ,x,i,ith-,x,i,i,ith dyna/ies1 _m ( :i* are ( great beauty4 ,bo? types are f\nd1 b ! hook patt]n is m usual ?an ! coils4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #bj4 ,f4,p4 coll4 ,fig4 #ba4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #bb4 ,f4,p4 coll4 ,fig4 #bc4 ,9 ! f9e/ "w1 h[ev]1 ! l9e is made endless1 a s+le cont9u\s l9e =m+ ! :ole patt]n1 z 9 ! endless hook patt]n ( ,setmes1 & ! endless coil patt]n ( ,ptah]du54 ,illu/ration3 #bd4--,p>is4 ,illu/ration3 #be4--;,f4,p4 ,9 ! few spiral sc>abs ( lat] times ! patt]n is n only plac$ at ! sides1 b is c>ri$ all r\nd1 z we see 9 t ( ,am5hotep ,i4 & "o ( ,ramessu ,,ii41 :i* latt] is ! late/ spiral patt]n kn[n on sc>abs4 ,illu/ration3 #bf4--;,f4,p4 coll4 ,! long l9ks 7 seldom us$ 9 cont9u\s patt]ns ar\nd sc>abs1 z 9 ?is1 b 7 m usually employ$ = indep5d5t spiral patt]ns )\t any inscriptions4 ,illu/ration3 #bg4--;,f4,p4 coll4 ,illu/ration3 #bh4--,k4 x4 #ej4 ,illu/ration3 #bi4--;,i4 viii4 #fi4 ,illu/ration3 #cj4--,k4 x4 #bh4 ,illu/ration3 #ca4--,k4 x4 #dj4 ,aft] s]v+ z adjuncts to inscriptions1 ! spirals became elaborat$ z sole patt]ns4 ,^! are at fir/ a few simple coils1 z on "o :i*1 f ! side patt]n1 c be dat$ to ab\t ! ,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,^!1 :5 elaborat$ ) m coils or l9ks1 sometimes develop$ to great l5g?4 ,illu/ration3 #cb4--,k4 x4 #ag4 ,illu/ration3 #cc4--;,f4,p4 ,illu/ration3 #cd4--;,i4 x4 #agf4 ,su* patt]ns requir$ b little +5uity1 & x is r 9 ! design ( cont9u\s spirals t ! ,egyptian %[$ 8 skill4 ,! problem 0 h[ to arrange a numb] ( coils 9 a symmetrical sy/em uni=mly cov]+ ! surface ( ! sc>ab1 & yet to connect !m 9 a true s]ies4 ,?is 0 done 9 v>i\s ways1 usually by introduc+ long loop l9es ar\nd ! edge4 ,"o ( ! simple/ type is-- ,9 ano!r a cross patt]n is =m$ :i* is entirely ( ,c coils1 l frequ5t patt]ns at ,myk5ae4 ,illu/ration3 #ce4--;,f4,p4 ,illu/ration3 #cf4--;,f4,p4 ,illu/ration3 #cg4--;,f4,p4 ,o!rs fill up by e/abli%+ a repeat+ patt]n1 :i* might be indef9itely multipli$1 z -- & ! difficulty is avoid$ on a l>ge silv] sc>ab ( e>ly date by %ort5+ ! l9ks to all[ ( ! connect+ l9e pass+ ! ends4 ,?is difficulty ( design+ good cov]+ patt]ns out ( true cont9u\s l9es probably l$ to ! evasion ( introduc+ false l9ks4 ,?us :at w\ld o!rwise h be5 an op5+ 9 ! middle 0 b>r$ across4 ,illu/ration3 #ch4--;,i4 x4 #aeh4 ,illu/ration3 #ci4--,k4 x4 #bg4 ,illu/ration3 #dj4--,k4 x4 #dh4 ,illu/ration3 #da4--;,f4,p4 ,illu/ration3 #db4--;,f4,p4 ,"s beautiful effects 7 obta9$ by ?is false b>r+1 :i* does n1 at fir/ sight1 cat* ! eye1 z 9 ^! two examples4 ,illu/ration3 #dc4--;,f4,p4 ,9 ! latt]1 two complete lop-sid$ spiral gr\ps are jo9$ by long false l9ks ar\nd ! outside4 ,ano!r fav\rite device :i* (t5 occurs is also comp\nd$ ( lop-sid$ gr\ps1 or r ( a cross gr\p1 l ,fig4 #dc1 ) f\r false l9ks jo9+ 9 ! middle4 ,illu/ration3 #dd4--;,i4 x4 #add4 ,illu/ration3 #de4--;,i4 x4 #aee4 ,illu/ration3 #df4--;,f4,p4 ,illu/ration3 #dg4--,tur94 ,"s o!r devices did n pr(ess to cov] ! :ole field1 z 9 ,figs4 #dd & #de2 & sometimes two sep>ate l9es ( design 7 sup]pos$1 a s+le elem5t ( ! same design be+ f\nd z late z ,tahutmes ,,iii4 ,! spiral _h ?us be5 greatly develop$ z a deta*$ ornam5t = a small surface2 b 9 ar*itecture & furniture x 0 requir$ z a cont9u\s decoration on bord]s & on l>ge surfaces4 ,h5ce its developm5t 0 9 _m ways diff]5t1 &--s f> z we "k--lat] by a :ole cycle ( hi/ory ?an ! developm5t on ! sc>abs4 ,on ^? small objects x />t$ 9 ! ,v? dyna/y1 became fully elaborat$ 9 ! ,x,i,ith1 is common 9 ! ,x,i,i,ith1 & only v occasionally f\nd 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith1 disappe>+ altoge!r 9 ! ,x,i,xth4 ,on walls & furniture x is r>e 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y1 becomes usual 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith1 fl\ri%es 9 ! ,x,i,xth & ,x,xth1 & is decad5t 9 ! ,x,x,v,ith4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #dh4 ,! simple/ =m 9 :i* x is f\nd is z a *equ]$ patt]n s]ies ( ,s spirals1 app>5tly on clo?s ?r[n ov] boat cab9s4 ,on ,hat%epsut's boat ! spirals are close toge!r 7,duem4 ,,xxi472 b r lat]1 on ! boat ( ,nef]hotep1 !y are spread ) *equ]s ( r$ & blue betwe5 !m 7,w4,m4,c4 lxvii474 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #di4 ,ab\t ! same p]iod !y appe> z a cont9u\s coil patt]n 9 relief on ! columns ( ! h>im well at ,tell el ,am>na4 ,! spiral 9 relief be+ 9 yell[1 x probably 0 copi$ f a jewell]y patt]n 9 :i* a /rip ( gold 0 twi/$ into spirals1 & ! spaces fill$ ) squ>es ( col\r$ /ones or pa/es1 judg+ f ! analogy ( ! inlaid capitals4 ,?is example be+ e>li] ?an mo/ ( ! spiral decorations ( surfaces may ?us op5 our eyes to ! mean+ ( "s su* designs2 &1 9 g5]al1 a close cont9u\s coil return+ on itself may well be a copy ( a /rip ( %eet metal1 d\bl$1 & roll$ up4 ,illu/ration3 #ej4--,p4 #he4 ,i4 ,! next /age is :]e cont9u\s l9es ( spiral patt]ns are plac$ side by side1 & o!r patt]ns develop$ 9 ! spaces betwe5 !m4 ,sometimes ! int]v5+ patt]ns become s complex z to ov]%ad[ ! m]e spirals1 z 9 ! spl5did ceil+ ( ,nef]hotep1 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,& 9 ?is ! f> m complex quadruple spiral beg9s to appe>1 z we %all see pres5tly4 ,illu/ration3 #ea4--,p4 #he4 ,illu/ration3 #eb4--;,c4,m4 cclv4 ,! l9es ( spirals 7 n only plac$ p>allel1 b 7 also cross$4 ,= "s reason ?is type 0 nev] well develop$1 b rema9$ "o ( ! colde/ & mo/ me*anical ( all1 look+ 9 ! lat] /age ( ! ,x,x,v,ith dyna/y l a mo/ debas$ wall pap]4 ,b ! glory ( ,egyptian l9e decoration 0 9 ! quadruple spiral1 ( :i* ! mo/ elem5t>y example is on a boat cov] z late z ! ,x,xth dyna/y 7,ramessu ,,iv472 ?\gh x has pass$ ?r\gh ?is /age long be=e t "t--if inde$ ?is may n be reg>d$ z a degrad$ simplification ( x4 ,x is also sometimes rhombic 9 plan4 ,illu/ration3 #ec4--,p4 #hf4 ,illu/ration3 #ed4--,x,i,ith dyn4 ,r4,c4 lxxii4 ,f ?is 0 develop$ a peculi> patt]n by ! omission ( ! l9es :i* def9e ! spirals1 ?us r$uc+ x to a sy/em ( r[s ( holl[-sid$ quadrangles )\t any app>5t connection4 ,! ma9 developm5t ( ! quadruple spiral 0 ) rosettes or lotus fill+ ! holl[ squ>es4 ,?is became a /ock subject ) ! ,egyptian1 & f !nce a ma9 patt]n 9 o!r l&s4 ,! fill+ 9 0 ei!r a fl[] patt]n or a rosette1 :i* might be ei!r a fl[] or a lea!r patt]n1 z we %all notice fur!r on4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ee4 ,illu/ration3 #ef4--,p4 #hf4 ,! ins]tion also became m complex1 f\r lotus fl[]s be+ plac$ 9 ea* angle ( ! holl[ squ>e2 & ! spirals be+ m heavily develop$1 9 ord] to ga9 en\gh space = complexity 9 ! squ>es betwe5 !m4 ,su* a sy/em c\ld h>dly be c>ri$ fur!r1 b rea*$ its limits2 l ! limit ( size 9 ! ,great ,hall ( ,k>nak1 :]e ! columns occupy too l>ge an area 9 proportion to ! cle> space4 ,illu/ration3 #eg4--,p4 #hc4 ,9 ano!r direction1 h[ev]1 ! spiral blossom$ fur!r1 9 ! p>allel l9es ( spiral patt]n4 ,^! became develop$ by introduc+ l9k l9es s z to =m a qu9tuple spiral1 :i* 0 fur!r complicat$ by lotus fl[]s & buds 9 ! holl[s & recesses4 ,9 ?is direction1 aga91 ! ,egyptians _h rea*$ ! limit beyond :i* m detail w\ld be m]ely confus+4 ,by c>eful use ( col\r to sep>ate ! v>i\s p>ts1 ^! complex patt]ns rema9 cle> & pleas+ 9 spite ( _! ri*ness ( detail4 ,! quadruple spiral _h1 h[ev]1 ano!r developm5t1 ( ,c l9ks1 :i* is r too =mal to be beautiful1 & lacks ! flamboyant grace ( ! *a9s ( spirals4 ,/ill x has a simple dignity1 relat$ to ! sc>ab spirals r ?an ! fl[+ surface patt]ns4 ,?is became =malis$ into a tortur+ k9d ( design1 :i* c only be describ$ z 8curs$ly +5i\s40 ,by simplify+ ! previ\s patt]n1 a wave 0 inv5t$ :i* 0 equal 9 ea* direction1 & f\r ( ^! 7 cross$ 9 a mann] :i* no?+ b bold col\r+ c\ld make intelligible4 ,illu/ration3 #eh4--,p4 #he4 ,illu/ration3 #ei4--,p4 #hc4 ,illu/ration3 #fj4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #eg4 ,! fret patt]ns are all modifications ( correspond+ spirals4 ,! cause ( su* *ange is obvi\sly ! influ5ce ( weav+4 ,z e>ly z ! ,v? dyna/y we f9d a fret ( rhombic =m 9 basket-"w 9 ! scre5 beh9d ! figure ( ,ptahbaunef]1 at ,gizeh4 ,! angles %[ t ! plait+ 0 9 ?ree directions1 z we saw 9 ! basket-"w patt]n at ,b5ihasan 7,fig4 #c74 ,b frets 9 g5]al are v r>e until a late p]iod1 & !y d\btless dep5d on ! adaptation ( spirals to textiles4 ,we see no trace ( ! fret 9 ! ,myk5aean art1 ! spiral !re be+ figur$ on /one or metal1 :ile ! wom5 wore fl\nc$ dresses ) scale patt]n4 ,b 9 ! pre-,p]sian age fret patt]n weav+ 9 bord]s 0 ! /&>d design1 z we see on ! col\r$ robes ( ! ,p>!non /atues2 & imm$iately aft] t ! /iffe/ ( squ>e frets sw>ms ov] ,greek art1 to ! exclusion ( ! graceful spirals & scroll bord]s4 ,illu/ration3 #fa4--,p4 #hb4 ,illu/ration3 #fb4--,p4 #hc4 ,illu/ration3 #fc4--,p4 #hc4 ,! *a9s ( l9ks 7 copi$ 9 ! fret patt]n ) no diff]5ce except 9 squ>+ up ! curves4 ,! same is true ( ! quadruple spirals1 :i* appe> likewise modifi$2 & ?is *ange seems to h l$ to ano!r simplifi$ =m1 :i* is on ! same idea z ! tortur+ design 7,fig4 #ei71 b :i* is less +5i\s1 & is /ill possible z an ornam5t4 ,illu/ration3 #fd4--,s*uck4 #bef4 ,s f> we h view$ only ! c\rse ( ,egyptian design1 nor c we travel f> outside ( x )9 ^! pages4 ,moreov]1 z x is dat$ be=e any o!r su* decoration 9 o!r c\ntries1 x is well to view its c\rse z a :ole )\t confus+ x ) ! v>i\s fragm5ts borr[$ f x by o!r l&s4 ,yet we may well turn n[ to see ! beg9n+ ( ! c\rse ( ,european decoration at ,myk5ae1 & obs]ve its close contact ) t ( ,egypt4 ,! spiral is ! ma9 elem5t ( prehi/oric decoration 9 ,greece2 ! p>allel *a9s ( l9ks occur almo/ exactly z we h already se5 !m 9 ! patt]n ( ,nef]hotep1 b omitt+ ! inn] details add$ 9 ! spaces4 ,illu/ration3 #fe4--,s*uck4 #bij4 ,! quadruple spiral is spl5didly %[n 9 ! ceil+ ( ,or*om5os1 ) a lotus fl[] 9 ea* space2 also z a simpl] =m )\t any fill+ 9 ( ! squ>es on ! grave /ele 7,s*uck4 #adf74 ,:ile ev5 ! ox head ) a rosette betwe5 ! horns1 9 ! gr& qu9tuple spiral patt]n 7,fig4 #eg71 is /rangely p>allel$ by an ox head ( silv] ) a l>ge rosette on ! =ehead f\nd at ,myk5ae 7,s*uck4 #bdh74 ,9 obs]v+ ^! equival5ts x mu/ be not$ t :ole patt]ns ) _! detail are tak5 ov] complete f ,egypt4 ,!re are none ( ! s]ies ( int]m$iate /eps :i* we h trac$ 9 ! "m c\ntry2 & :]e a simpl] =m occurs x is kn[n to be lat]1 ! grave /eles be+ aft] ! age ( ! great ceil+4 ,?us !re is ! sure/ sign ( a borr[$ art1 ap>t f ! facts ( ! exact resemblances we h not$4 ,( c\rse ! ,myk5aean designs are mo/ly influ5c$ by ! ta/e ( ! race4 ,_m ( !m are /rongly ,european1 & might be ( ,celtic or ,norse "w1 z has be5 %[n by ,mr4 ,ar?ur ,evans2 b ! s\rce ( ! designs lies 9 ! two ?\s& ye>s' />t :i* ,egypt _h be=e ,europe awoke4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ff4 ,illu/ration3 #fg4--,r4,c4 lvii4 ,illu/ration3 #fh4--,p4 #ig4 #aje4 ,illu/ration3 #fi4--,r4,c4 lxii4 ,a sep>ate =m ( ! spiral patt]n is t us$ = bord]s1 o!rwise call$ ! wave or mae&]1 :i* m]g$ into ! guillo*e4 ,al?\gh ! *a9 ( coils on ! sc>ab bord]s 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y may be reg>d$ z a wave bord]1 yet no example is kn[n ( ?is bord] on o!r objects until ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,at t "t x appe>s z (t5 on =eign objects z on ,egyptian1 & ! only in/ance ( ! guillo*e is on =eign dress4 ,h5ce ?is developm5t ( ! spiral idea may well be due m to ! ,aegean civilisation ?an to t ( ,egypt4 ,?is w agree ) ! occurr5ce ( ! guillo*e on black pott]y f ,kahun1 :i* class1 :]ev] x c be dat$1 is f\nd to belong to ! ,x,i,ith-,x,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,! metal vases %[n on ! monum5ts ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith-,x,xth dyna/ies are mo/ly =eign tributes1 & on !m ! wave bord] is common1 m]g+ into a twi/$ rope bord] :i* is also f\nd--?\gh r>ely--on sc>abs ( ! ,middle ,k+dom4 ,illu/ration3 #gj4--,r4,c4 lvii4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ga4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #gb4 ,9 ,egyptian use ?is bord] is seldom f\nd4 ,a box 9 ! ,l\vre _h a l9e ( long l9ks2 & a scroll edge appe>s to ! /&>d ( ,ramessu ,,ii4 ,b m usually ! scroll is associat$ ) ! lotus1 z 9 ^!-- ,illu/ration3 #gc4--,p4 #hi4 ,illu/ration3 #gd4--,p4 #hi4 ,! innum]able adaptations ( ?is 9 ,greek & lat] designs are famili> en\gh to u4 ,! influ5ce ( weav+ has be5 v great ^u ^! wave bord]s4 ,z ,i h be=e notic$1 ! wov5 bord]s1 r$uc+ ! patt]n to a fret1 are %[n on ! pre-,p]sian /atu>y at ,a!ns1 & prec$e ! mo/ common & (t-repeat$ use ( ! fret or key patt]n bord]s 9 ,greece1 & !nce 9 all classical1 m$ival1 & mod]n times4 ,illu/ration3 #ge4--,r4,c4 cxxi4 ,illu/ration3 #gf4--,r4,c4 lxi4 ,illu/ration3 #gg4--,p4 #ajc4 ,ano!r type ( bord]1 :i* may be connect$ ) ?is1 is f\nd 9 ! ,ramesside age4 ,z x occurs z /it*+ on lea!r1 & is well adapt$ to quilt+ or sew+ b&s toge!r1 x may well h be5 d]iv$ f t2 b x is also f\nd on metal "w1 ) :i* x does n seem to be connect$ by orig94 ,illu/ration3 #gh4--,p4 & ,c4 xiii4 ,! s\rce ( *equ] patt]ns is unmi/akably 9 plait+ & weav+4 ,on ! olde/ monum5ts ! basket sign1 neb1 is *equ]$ 9 diff]5t col\rs2 s are also ! baskets ( f>m produce c>ri$ by ! s]vants1 z %[n 9 ! tombs4 ,! mod]n ,nubian basket-"w is well kn[n = ! _m patt]ns :i* x be>s l ! anci5t ,egyptian4 ,! *equ] patt]n is f\nd 9 e p]iod 9 ,egypt1 & is p]haps mo/ common 9 ! late/ =ms on ! sides ( ?rones 9 ! ,ptolemaic age4 ,9 ! ,old ,k+dom _m v>ieties 7 9 use4 ,! pla9 *equ]s ( r$ or black ) :ite1 ! squ>es fill$ ) black & r$ crosses on a gre5 & yell[ *equ]2 or diagonal squ>e patt]ns develop$ by l9es ( *equ]s1 :i* are (t5 n squ>e b elongat$1 ?us =m+ g5]al & wide-spread patt]ns :i* attract ! eye on l>ge surfaces4 ,^! are be/ se5 9 ! tomb ( ,ptah-hotep 7,p4 & ,c4 xiii47 & 9 t ( ,peh5iuka 7,l4,d4 ,i4 #da71 bo? ( ! ,v? dyna/y1 ,sakk>a4 ,illu/ration3 #gi4--,p4 & ,c4 xiii4 ,illu/ration3 #hj4--,l4,d4 ,i4 #da4 ,illu/ration3 #ha4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #acj4 ,9 ! ,middle ,k+dom we f9d *equ]s cov]$ ) b>s ( col\r1 r$ & gre51 at ,b5ihasan4 ,illu/ration3 #hb4--,p4 #ha4 ,"u ! empire *equ]s are less common ow+ to ! great] developm5t ( m elaborate decoration4 ,a pleas+ v>iety 0 =m$ by l5g!n+ ! squ>es1 a *ange d\btless copi$ f weav+1 :]e oblong squ>es s]ve to break ! monotony ( ! patt]n4 ,illu/ration3 #hc4--,l4,d4 iv4 #gg4 ,9 lat] ages ( ! ,saitic & ,greek times ! *equ] is a common res\rce1 b is seldom treat$ ) orig9ality or grace1 & we d n f9d any new dep>ture or advance 9 ! me*anical execution ( ! lat] examples4 ,"o slight novelty 0 ! alt]nation ( :ole & divid$ squ>es ( col\r1 "u ,claudius4 ,some:at analog\s are ! net-"w patt]ns4 ,!y seem to be probably d]iv$ f /it*-patt]n ov] dresses4 ,?\gh f\nd 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y !y are n usual until ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 & !y are g5]ally on ! dresses ( goddesses4 ,a simple example is on a horse-clo? ( ,ramesside age1 :i* %[s t ^! c h>dly repres5t long beads1 b r /it*+ or quilt+4 ,a m elaborate =m is on ! dress ( ,ba/ 9 ! tomb ( ,seti ,i41 9 hexagons4 ,illu/ration3 #hd4--,r4,s4 lxxxii4 ,illu/ration3 #he4--;,c4,m4 ccxlii4 cccx4 ,b ?is design rose to importance :5 x 0 introduc$ z an ar*itectural elem5t 9 ! decoration ( columns at ,tell el ,am>na4 ,!re x is col\r$ yell[1 & ! spaces are alt]nate r$ & blue4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #hf4 ,! ,egyptians nev] us$ circles freely 9 decoration2 no examples are kn[n be=e ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 & b few !n4 ,illu/ration3 #hg4--,p4 #gi4 ,illu/ration3 #hh4--,p4 #hd4 ,illu/ration3 #hi4--,p4 #hf4 ,! int]sect+ circles1 =m+ a k9d ( net-"w1 are f\nd 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y 9 blue on a yell[ gr\nd2 & ! same occurs 9 black on blue & r$ gr\nd1 9 lat] times 7,l4,d4 ,i4 #da74 ,besides ! rosettes o!r patt]ns 7 introduc$ into ! spaces1 :i* 7 col\r$ r$ & gre5 alt]nately4 ,b ! mo/ beautiful type 0 ) contigu\s circles n int]sect+1 & ea* conta9+ f\r lotus fl[]s4 ,! circle1 h[ev]1 nev] became ( importance1 probably because x 0 too /iff & me*anical = ! ,egyptian1 :o delight$ 9 ! wav+ spiral patt]ns & ! unlimit$ v>iety ( lotus developm5ts4 ,x is rem>kable t !re is n a s+le example ( ! circle divid$ into six1 or ) six segm5tal arms1 :i* is s common a motive 9 ,assyria & ,syria1 & :i* results s readily f /epp+ ! radius ar\nd ! circle4 ,?is seems to %[ t ! ,egyptian did n use compasses at any "t1 b always work$ ) a /r+ & po9ts4 ,! abs5ce ( a simple & self-evid5t motive l ! six? ( ! circle is almo/ m /rik+ ?an a peculi> motive be+ pres5t4 ,,*apt] ,,iii ,,natural ,,decoration ,?\gh x might be suppos$ t ! imitation ( natural =ms w\ld be ! e>lie/ =m ( decoration1 yet ?is is n ! case4 ,on ! contr>y1 we f9d ! geometrical =ms ( wave l9es1 & *equ]s copi$ f weav+1 & ! v>ieties ( ! spiral1 7 ! fir/ ornam5ts ( importance 9 ,egypt2 :ile ! natural =ms ( fea!rs & fl[]s 7 n g5]ally imitat$ till a lat] "t4 ,"o s\rce ( simple patt]n t has be5 little notic$ is ! fea!r1 & ! v>iety ( its =ms4 ,=tunately we h ^! diff]5t =ms %[n unmi/akably z fea!rs on ! c(f9s ( ! ,antefs 9 ! ,x,ith dyna/y1 be=e we f9d !m 9 common use else:]e4 ,h5ce we c h little d\bt z to _! real orig94 ,on ^! c(f9s ! royal mummies are figur$ z swa!d ar\nd 9 protect+ w+s1 repres5t+ ^? ( ,isis at ! sides & ( ! vulture ( ,mut on ! head4 ,! fea!rs h diff]5t =ms accord+ to ! "p ( ! w+ :i* !y occupy4 ,?us on "o c(f9 we f9d all ( ! foll[+ types ( fea!rs3-- ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ij4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ia4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ib4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ic4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #id4 ,n[ :5 we h ?us be5 %[n ! conv5tional types :i* 7 us$ to repres5t fea!rs1 we c id5tify ^! aga9 9 _m o!r places1 :]e probably ! orig9al idea ( fea!r "w 0 entirely lo/2 & we h a new light on "s repres5tations n yet und]/ood4 ,illu/ration3 #ie4--;,am5hotep ,i4 ,r4,s4 xxix4 ,illu/ration3 #if4--;,am5hotep ,,ii4 ,r4,s4 xxxvii4 ,on ! k+s ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith-,x,xth dyna/y we (t5 see a wide belt cov]+ ! :ole /oma*1 :i* is decorat$ ) :at is commonly call$ scale patt]n4 ,b ?is occurs 9 sc5es :i* are n at all w>like1 & :]e no def5sive scale arm\r is likely to be %[n--,am5hotep ,i4 is seat$ z a god receiv+ adoration aft] 8 dea?2 ,am5hotep ,,ii4 is repres5t$ ador+ ,ra4 ,& 9 ! second case ! patt]n is id5tical ) ! fea!rs on ! ,antef c(f94 ,! only conclusion is t ^! repres5t belts ( fea!r "w worn ar\nd ! body to prev5t *ill1 l ! volum9\s wai/ %awl ( mod]n ,ori5tals4 ,su* a fea!r belt w\ld be admirable = lightness & w>m?1 b t x is n scale arm\r is se5 f ! abs5ce ( x 9 fight+ sc5es4 ,on ! contr>y1 9 ! royal campaign+ dress ano!r =m ( fea!r "w is se5 9 ! l>ge w+s ( fea!rs :i* encircle ! %\ld]s 7,ramessu ,,ii41 ,r4,s4 lxxxi474 ,?is fea!r patt]n is also v usual on ! sides ( ?rones1 f ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y d[n to ! late/ times4 ,"h aga9 x is evid5t t x _c be scale arm\r2 & a fea!r rug ?r[n across ! seat1 9 place ( ! fur rug o!rwise us$1 is a v likely ?+ to f9d 9 su* a position4 ,we may1 !n1 take ?is patt]n1 :5 us$ on dress or on ?rones1 to repres5t fea!r "w4 ,b 9 lat] times x is also us$ on v incongru\s objects4 ,z e>ly z ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y ! fea!r patt]n occurs ar\nd columns z an ar*itectural ornam5t 7,tell el ,am>na71 & ) ! *>act]i/ic m>k+ also ab\t ! ,x,i,xth dyna/y 7,p4 #gi72 also on metal "w 7vase1 ,p4 #ig71 :]e x mu/ be purely an artificial m>k+4 ,illu/ration3 #ig4--,p4 #gi4 ,illu/ration3 #ih4--,p4,r4 lix4 ,illu/ration3 #ii4--,r4,s4 lxxix4 ,x became elaborat$ "u ,seti ,i41 ) m>k+s ^u x1 bo? on a dress ( a god & on a ?rone-cov]4 ,& x became degrad$ into an un9telligible patt]n "u ,ramessu ,,ii41 :5 x appe>s z ! dress ( ! god ,am54 ,9 lat] times ! same patt]n 0 us$ on columns at ,phil1 9 an inv]t$ & v corrupt =m4 ,illu/ration3 #ajj4--,l4,d4 ,i4 #ajh4 ,! o!r =ms ( fea!r patt]n %[n on ! ,antef c(f9 7 also f\nd lat]4 ,b !y m]ge s readily into m]e l9e patt]ns t x is n likely t !y 7 reg>d$ z fea!rs 9 _! lat] use4 ,! ,v patt]n is f\nd on ! columns at ,tell el ,am>na1 on belts ( ! k+s 7,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #a71 on pa9t$ wood5 columns 7,p4 #gc71 on ! h>ps ( ,ramessu ,,iii4 7,p4 #aad71 & _m o!r places4 ,! use ( fl[]s = ornam5t is s natural t _! occurr5ce 9 ! e>lie/ times is :at might be expect$4 ,yet b few fl[]s 7 adopt$ = decoration4 ,! lotus is f> ! commone/1 aft] t ! papyrus1 ! daisy1 & ! convolvulus1 toge!r ) ! v9e & palm1 almo/ complete ! mat]ial ( vegetable designs4 ,!re is also1 h[ev]1 :at may be call$ a g5]ic fl[] ornam5t--! rosette--:i* is treat$ s conv5tionally t x c h>dly receive any precise "n4 ,sometimes 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y x is cle>ly a daisy1 v seldom has x ! po9t$ petals ( ! lotus2 & x fluctuates betwe5 ! geometrical & ! natural s z to defy details4 ,"o cause ( ?is is ! evid5t effect ( lea!r "w4 ,! col\r$ lea!r fun]eal t5t ( ,isiemkheb1 f\nd at ,deir el ,bahri1 op5s our eyes to a great deal4 ,we !re see an elaborate design1 desc5d+ to long inscriptions ( small hi]oglyphs1 all work$ by cutt+ & /it*+ ( lea!r4 ,aft] ?is we c see 9 _m ( ! ,egyptian designs ! influ5ce ( lea!r "w2 & n[h]e is ?is pla9] ?an 9 ! rosettes4 ,! e>lie/ rosettes we "k1 ^? on ! head-b& ( ,nef]t1 at ! v beg9n+ ( monum5tal hi/ory1 are pla9 discs ( col\r divid$ into segm5ts by :ite l9es across !m4 ,^! are discs ( lea!r secur$ by radiat+ ?reads2 & ! same are se5 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 m v>i$ by conc5tric circles ( col\rs1 probably successive sup]pos$ discs /it*$ d[n "o ov] ! o!r4 ,illu/ration3 #aja4--,p4 #ha4 ,illu/ration3 #ajb4--,p4 #aaf4 ,illu/ration3 #ajc4--,p4 #aaf4 ,ano!r /it* ornam5t is se5 on ! /uffs us$ = cov]+ ?rones 9 ! ,x,xth dyna/y4 ,!re /> & cross patt]ns are us$ :i* are evid5tly /it* "w or embroid]y2 & 9 ! spaces are discs ( col\r ) :ite spots ar\nd1 probably pieces sewn on by /it*es r\nd ! edge4 ,on a dress ( ,ramessu ,,ii4 also are little six-po9t$ />s1 :i* 7 d\btless /it* "w4 ,illu/ration3 #ajd4--,r4,s4 lxxxiii4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aje4 ,!re c be no d\bt ( ! effect t /it*+ has _h on ! use ( rosettes1 b o!r v>ieties are probably indep5d5t ( t4 ,! great s]ies ( rosettes is 9 ! m\ld$ glaz$ w>e ( ,tell el ,am>na2 !re sev]al doz5 v>ieties are f\nd1 v>y+ f f\r petals to ?irty-two4 ,! m elaborate ( ^! h an unmi/akable daisy c5tre ( yell[ 9 ! mid/ ( :ite petals1 & ?is indicates :at 0 probably ! fl[] 9 m9d = mo/ ( !m4 ,! rosette is f\nd 9 v>i$ use4 ,on metal vases x is v g5]al1 & may ei!r be a sep>ate ornam5t ( beat5 "w rivet$ on1 l ! rosettes on ! silv] ox head at ,myk5ae1 or else emboss$ rep\ss 9 ! metal4 ,c>v$ 9 wood or ivory1 rosettes decorat$ ! furniture2 & !y are con/antly f\nd z c5tre ornam5ts 9 squ>e patt]ns1 & along bord]s ) ! lotus or o!r subject4 ,illu/ration3 #ajf4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #acj4 ,illu/ration3 #ajg4--,p4 #hd4 ,9 patt]ns a frequ5t =m is only f\r petals1 or a cruci=m fl[]1 z at ,b5ihasan 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y2 & ?is is v>i$ by alt]nations ( squ>e & diagonal arrangem5t4 ,illu/ration3 #ajh4--,p4 #hd4 ,a graceful1 simple =m1 :i* aga9 recalls lea!r applique1 is yell[ on a blue gr\nd4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aji4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aaj--,p4 #ha4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aaa4 ,an alli$ patt]n is ! disc surr\nd$ by spots4 ,?is is v usual on e>ly ,greek pott]y1 & is f\nd on ! ,aegean pott]y also4 ,?is is v r>ely se5 9 pure ,egyptian design1 & only 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 :5 ,myk5aean influ5ce 0 /ronge/4 ,on ,nef]hotep's ceil+ two =ms are f\nd1 put betwe5 ! horns ( ! bulls' heads1 l ! rosette on ! ,myk5aean ox head4 ,else:]e x is usually se5 on ! sc>ves ( ! negroes z a *>act]i/ic decoration1 & on ! dress ( ! ,amu 7,c4,m4 cclviii474 ,h5ce x appe>s to be di/9ctly a =eign ornam5t1 l ! o!r spot patt]n on a zigzag l9e4 ,only ?ree examples are publi%$ f ,egyptian decoration1 & ^? may well be due to =eign influ5ce4 ,we n[ rea* ! l>ge/ & mo/ complex gr[? ( ,egyptian ornam5t 9 ! lotus1 s widely spread t "s h se5 9 x ! s\rce ( all ornam5t4 ,)\t go+ s f>1 we %all f9d pl5ty 9 x to tax our reason+ & imag9ation4 ,if ,i pref]1 9 deal+ ) ?is1 to ignore ! developm5ts ( x se5 outside ( ,egypt z aids to und]/&+ x1 ?is is only because ^? =eign examples are s mu* lat] t !y are a reflex ( v>i\s ,egyptian p]iods1 & _c %[ any?+ c]ta9ly z to ! long ant]ior c\rse ( developm5t 9 ,egypt itself4 ,! debat$ "q ( lotus & papyrus disappe>s at once :5 we look at ! fea!ry head ( m9ute fl[]s :i* ! papyrus be>s4 ,t "s fl[]1 su* z a nelumbium1 0 confus$ ) ! lotus seems1 h[ev]1 v likely4 ,!re is no d\bt t 9 ornam5t diff]5t fl[]s 7 sometimes confus$1 & _! details mix$2 h5ce x is ( no use = u to be too p>ticul> 9 try+ to sep>ate !m4 ,we %all !re=e use ! "n lotus 9 g5]al )\t necess>ily ent]+ on botanical reasons = & aga9/ x on ea* occasion4 ,illu/ration3 #aab4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #cc2 ,i4 #bg4 ,illu/ration3 #aac4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #fh4 ,x,v,i,i,ith dyn4 ,! olde/ use ( ! lotus 0 9 gr\ps ( two fl[]s ti$ toge!r by ! /alks2 su* are f\nd on ! prehi/oric pott]y at ,koptos1 & on ! e>lie/ tombs4 ,b 9 lat] times ?is became corrupt$1 & ! orig9 app>5tly =gott51 by ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aad4 ,illu/ration3 #aae4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #eb4 ,p4 #gd4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aaf4 ,illu/ration3 #aag4--,p4 #gi4 ,illu/ration3 #aah4--,p4 #ba4 ,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #gf4 ,! pla9 fl[] 0 also us$ v e>ly1 z we see on ! head-b& ( ,nef]t at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,i,vth dyna/y4 ,& z ar*itectural ornam5t x appe>s z a capital 9 wood ( ! ,v? dyna/y 9 ! tomb ( ,im]y4 ,at ,k>nak !re is a celebrat$ pair ( granite pill>s1 "o ) ! papyrus1 ! o!r ) ! lotus2 & ?is =m1 ) ! sepals turn$ ov] at ! end1 became ! m usual 9 ! ,empire & lat] times4 ,! v>iety ( lotus capital is v great4 ,! bud capital & ! op5$ fl[] are bo? %[n 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y 7tomb ( ,khaemhat72 & _m composite1 complicat$1 & impossible comb9ations 7 pil$ toge!r 9 ! decad5t age ( ! ,ramessides4 ,illu/ration3 #aai4--,p4 ,mon4 ,l4 ,illu/ration3 #abj4--,r4,c4 lviii4 ,illu/ration3 #aba4--,p4 #hh4 ,illu/ration3 #abb4--,r4,c4 lxx4 ,! lotus 0 also mu* us$ 9 repetition z a bord] patt]n1 b n app>5tly be=e ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y2 & usually x is 9 alt]nation ) buds1 :i* fit h>moni\sly into ! curves betwe5 ! fl[]s4 ,?is l9e ( fl[]s & buds 0 v>i$ z fl[]s & grapes1 & appe>s v (t5 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,! fl[] & bud 0 fur!r develop$ 9 a me*anical fa%ion1 & we c trace a cont9u\s s]ies ( =ms beg9n+ 9 a fl[] & bud patt]n & modify+ ! int]m$iate memb]1 until on rev]s+ ! l9e we f9d t some?+ has be5 evolv$ :i* is indi/+ui%able f ! ,greek palmetto alt]nat+ ) ! lotus4 ,! isolat$ an!mion1 :i* is s mu* l ?is1 has probably a diff]5t orig91 z we %all soon see4 ,illu/ration3 #abc4--,p4 #hi4 #h4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #abd4 #hi4 #i4 #ij4 #d4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #abe4 #ij4 #e4 #ij4 #f4 ,illu/ration3 #abf4--,p4 #ij4 #e4 ,beside us+ ! sep>ate fl[]s1 ! :ole plant 0 also a fav\rite subject z a gr\p4 ,9 ! e>lie/ days we f9d x entw9$ ar\nd ! hi]oglyph ( union1 z we %all notice 9 consid]+ ! hi]oglyphs4 ,9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y ! plant appe>s z a recurr5t gr\p 9 surface decoration2 ?\gh f ! v>y+ =m ( ! fl[] x might be int5d$ = lotus or papyrus4 ,illu/ration3 #abg4--,r4,c4 xciii4 ,illu/ration3 #abh4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #aji4 ,9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y x is m free1 z might be expect$ 9 ! "t ( ,akh5at54 ,illu/ration3 #abi4--,r4,s4 lxxxiii4 ,x is also se5 z a =eign ornam5t on ! dress ( a ,syrian sla9 by ,ramessu ,,ii4 at ,abu ,simbel1 b 9 ?is case p]haps ! tuft$ papyrus is int5d$4 ,& 9 place ( ! r\nd$ gr\p :i* is usual 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith-,x,i,xth dyna/ies we f9d a diff]5t treatm5t on ! ?rone ( ,ramessu ,,iii41 9 :i* x is kept m z a p>allel patt]n4 ,?is p>allelism became g5]al 9 lat] times1 & ! ,ptolemaic walls are rul$ ov] ) /iff friezes ( lotus & bud4 ,illu/ration3 #acj4--,p4 #aae4 ,illu/ration3 #aca4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #ce4 ,illu/ration3 #acb4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #fd4 ,^! wall basem5ts are prec$$ by gr\ps ( fl[] & bud 9 sc5es1 :i* are ( ! same /yle1 z e>ly z ! ,i,vth dyna/y1 on ! tomb ( ,debuh54 ,"h x may be ! papyrus2 b 9 ! ,v? dyna/y1 on a basket-"w scre51 ! lotus & bud is cle>ly %[n4 ,?is patt]n1 h[ev]1 is v seldom f\nd z a g5]al ar*itectural ornam5t until we come d[n to ! dull /]ility ( ! ,ptolemaic & ,roman age4 ,!n ! l[] "p ( ea* wall is uni=mly rul$ ) an endless s]ies ( fl[]s & buds on long /ems 9 monoton\s ord]4 ,illu/ration3 #acc4--,p4 #hh4 ,l4,d4 iv4 #hd4 ,we n[ come to ! ornam5tal developm5t ( ! fl[] into a mon/rosity1 :i* is only decorative & n natural1 & :i* requires "s ?\ght & comp>ison to und]/& its orig94 ,illu/ration3 #acd4--,p4 #gi4 ,fir/ !re is ! fleur-de-lys type1 ) curl$-ov] sides & a middle projection4 ,?is has n be5 yet expla9$ satisfactorily2 b a pr9ciple :i* 0 fir/ cle>ly =mulat$ by ,bor*>dt 7,a4,z4 xxxi4 #a7 w %[ ! orig9 ( ?is z well z ( ! succe$+ =ms4 ,! ,egyptian1 x seems1 consi/5tly drew ! int]ior or top view ( an object above ! side view4 ,9 %ort1 !y suppose ?+s to be se5 9 a bird's-eye view1 & express$ t by draw+--= in/ance1 a cup--9 side view & p>tly 9 top view above t4 ,a di% w\ld be drawn 9 side view1 & a top view ( its comp>tm5ts & cont5ts plac$ ov] x1 & ! bun* ( fl[]s t lay on x is aga9 plac$ ov] ! top view4 ,n[ on ?is pr9ciple we c see t ! projection 9 ! mid/ ( ! lotus fl[] is ! ?ird sepal at ! back ( ! fl[]1 ! f\r?1 9 front1 be+ s =e%ort5$ z to disappe> altoge!r4 ,illu/ration3 #ace4--,t4,a4 ,i4 ,illu/ration3 #acf4--,t4,a4 #cfh4 ,illu/ration3 #acg4--,t4,a4 #cha4 ,illu/ration3 #ach4--,t4,a4 #chh4 ,?is view is fur!r complicat$ by %[+ n only "s ( ! f\r out] sepals1 b also "s ( ! petals1 usually ?ree4 ,"h ! ne> sepal is %[n ris+ 9 front1 & !n above ^! ev]t$ sepals are ?ree ( ! inn] petals ( ! fl[]4 ,^! might be increas$ to five or sev51 b 7 g5]ally an odd numb]2 & !y 7 at la/ evolv$ to a fan ( petals1 9 :i* ! treatm5t ( ! di% ( fruit j %[n is exactly reproduc$1 a side view ( ! fl[] be+ cr[n$ by a top view ( x %[+ ! radiat+ petals 9 ! int]ior4 ,illu/ration3 #aci4--,t4,a4 #cge4 ,illu/ration3 #adj4--,t4,a4 #cgd4 ,s f> we are on cle> gr\nd4 ,n[ we come to a m complex =m1 :i* has also n yet be5 expla9$4 ,9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y 7f :i* we mu/ ma9ly draw1 z we h ! long s]ies ( v>ieties 9 ! glaz$ ornam5ts ( ,tell el ,am>na7 a /range =m appe>s1 ) rev]s$ curl+ arms above ! calyx4 ,n[ we h se5 t a ?ird sepal is %[n f ! back ( ! fl[]1 & ! f\r? is omitt$ :i* lay 9 front4 ,b ?is 0 an imp]fect fl[]1 & s a diagonal po9t ( view 0 tak51 9 :i* two sepals lay ne>e/ & 7 se5 9 side view1 & ! two beh9d !m 7 se5 ov] !m4 ,sometimes !y are curl$ alike1 b m g5]ally !y are curl$ diff]5t ways1 ! ne>] ones d[nw>ds1 ! fur!r ones upw>ds4 ,h5ce we get ?is v me*anical =m1 :i* 0 greatly develop$ 9 ,assyrian & ,greek types ( ! patt]n4 ,if x c be prov$ t ! ,assyrian tree patt]n is e>li] ?an ?is developm5t1 we c\ld !n grant :at seems a likely influ5ce on ! developm5t ( ?is patt]n4 ,x 0 s f> remov$ f a natural view t x soon became greatly v>i$ & amplifi$1 z on a bracelet 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,illu/ration3 #ada4--,p4 #aac4 ,illu/ration3 #adb4--,p4 & ,c4 ,ass4 #abg4 ,illu/ration3 #adc4--,tanis ,,ii4 xxxi4 ,illu/ration3 #add4--;,goodye>4 #ge4 ,9 ,assyria ?is became a /aple design1 9 :i* ! top 0 greatly increas$ at ! exp5se ( ! lotus sepals bel[2 b /ill ! f\r sepals1 two front & two back1 are %[n4 ,9 ! ,greek designs1 h[ev] b>b>\s !y may seem 9 comp>ison1 ow+ to _! hopeless div]g5ce f any rational type1 yet ! same elem5ts rema91 & ! f\r sepals c be trac$ bel[ ! view ( ! petals 9 ! fl[]4 ,?us ! an!mion ) its d\ble curves is fully acc\nt$ =1 ! l[] & upp] sepals be+ /ill di/+ui%able 9 ! two spirals on ea* side at ! base ( x4 ,! lat] *anges ( ?is necess>ily belong to ,greek art1 & we _c "h foll[ !m out4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ade4 ,a late developm5t ( ! lotus 9 ,ptolemaic ,egypt 0 ) a c5tral spike ?r\gh ! face ( petals4 ,z ?is spike rises f ! base1 x appe>s to be ! front sepal ris+ be=e ! petals4 ,illu/ration3 #adf4--,p4 #aaa4 ,ano!r v>iety 9 ?is patt]n rema9s to be notic$4 ,on v _m comp\nd lotus patt]ns !re is a p5dant f ea* end ( ! side sepals4 ,?is does n appe> until ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y on ! monum5ts3 x is !n sometimes s+le & sometimes d\ble4 ,b "h1 z 9 ! spirals1 ! sc>ab type is an e>li] /age ?an ! ar*itectural4 ,on ! ar*itecture x is q un9telligible1 & a m]e conv5tional mon/rosity2 :ile on a sc>ab ( gre5 jasp]--:i* f ! /yle & mat]ial seems c]ta9ly to be be=e ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 & probably ( ! ,x,i,ith--!re is an already conv5tionalis$ lotus gr\p1 ) ! f\r sepals & inn] petals already develop$ into a sort ( 8tree patt]n10 & ! l[] two sepals h a p5dant1 p>tly worn away1 b cle>ly %[+ a triply-bran*+ l9e l a small lotus fl[]4 ,?is is ! e>li] /age ( ?is conv5tional p5dant2 b ev5 "h1 al?\gh ! p5dant itself is rational1 ! position ( x is h>d to expla94 ,probably we mu/ wait = "s e>ly sc>ab to cle> up ! real orig9 ( ?is curi\s & puzzl+ =m4 ,illu/ration3 #adg4--;,f4,p4 coll4 ,we h n[ trac$ ! evolution ( ! v>i\s =ms ( ! lotus patt]n 9 ,egypt1 & se5 h[ ! ma9 ,assyrian & ,greek types ( ! palmetto & ! an!mion arose1 :i* 7 conf\nd$ toge!r ow+ to _! simil>ity4 ,o!r plants 7 (t5 conf\nd$ ) ! lotus 9 decoration1 by ! anci5ts z well z by mod]ns4 ,we h notic$ "s examples ( ?is2 & x is well %[n 9 ! gr\p ( boat-build]s1 to :om1 app>5tly1 bundles ( papyrus ) lotus fl[]s are be+ br\ght1 9 ! ,i,vth dyna/y tomb ( ,%epseskau 7,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #ab74 ,mu* use 0 made ( papyrus 9 ! floral "w ( ,tell el ,am>na4 ,on ! pa9t$ pavem5t gr\ps ( papyrus ) l>ge r$ fluffy heads ( se$ vessels are figur$2 & on ! col\r$ tiles ! l&scape view ( ! papyrus plant 9 /rictly natural treatm5t is a frequ5t subject4 ,b ^! belong r to arti/ic ?an to ornam5tal "w4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #adh4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #adi4 ,9 ar*itecture ! lotus & papyrus 7 l>gely us$1 9 fact !y =m ! basis ( column> decoration z di/9ct f t ( pill>s4 ,! e>lie/ figure ( a column t is kn[n is z f> back z any dat$ monum5t we possess at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,i,vth dyna/y2 & !re x is fa%ion$ z a /em & fl[]1 probably c>v$ 9 wood4 ,! contract+ connection ) ! t5on above1 9 a bell =m1 on ! top ( ! fl[]1 is ! same z columns ( ! ,v,ith dyna/y 7,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #aaa72 & is ! s\rce ( ! mu* lat] columns ( ,tahutmes ,,iii4 at ,k>nak1 :i* o!rwise seems to be an unacc\ntable 8sport40 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aej4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aea4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aeb4 ,9 ! figures ( wood5 columns 9 ! ,v? & ,v,ith dyna/ies1 ! lotus =m prevails1 z we h already notic$1 & "h repeat4 ,9 ! ,v? dyna/y1 9 ! tomb ( ,ptah%epses at ,abusir ! clu/]$ papyrus /ems are a new feature2 at ,b5ihasan !y are well develop$2 & !y cont9u$ 9 use to ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,b a diff]5t type !n arose into pr$om9ance 9 ! wide bell-topp$ lotus capitals1 & ) long %ea?-leaves ar\nd ! root2 & ?is cont9u$ = sev]al dyna/ies4 ,b ?is 0 displac$ by ! elaborate composite capitals ( ,ptolemaic & ,roman age1 :i* 7 made up ( v>i$ elem5ts ( incongruity4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aec4 ,! palm1 ?\gh ! mo/ important tree ( ! c\ntry1 has _h b little effect on ! ar*itecture4 ,!re is n a s+le example ( columns copi$ f a palm /em2 & ! only in/ances ( ! imitation ( ! /em are 9 two or ?ree in/ances ( copies ( ro(+ beams4 ,! bran*es are n copi$ on columns until o!r subjects 7 well us$4 ,9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y ! imitation ( a bundle ( palm bran*es 0 made 9 ! capitals1 & x became common 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith4 ,p]haps1 h[ev]1 z we %all see 9 consid]+ ! hi]oglyphs1 ! palm column orig9ates ) a bundle ( palm-/icks b\nd toge!r4 ,x is /range t ! simple elem5t ( gr\p+ bran*es r\nd a po/ %\ld n h be5 a v usual e>ly motive4 ,0 ! palm really common 9 e>ly ,egypt8 ,x does n ent] into ! hi]oglyphs1 & x is seldom %[n on monum5ts till ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y2 :ile grapes1 figs1 & pomegranates all seem to h be5 common] ?an dates4 ,9 late times n only ! bran*es b ! fruit 0 sculptur$2 & at ,esneh & o!r ,roman temples ! bun*es ( dates are c>efully r5d]$4 ,! v9e is "o ( ! olde/ cultivat$ plants 9 ,egypt1 & all ! designs copi$ f x are bas$ on ! idea ( its climb+ & trail+ ov] ! h\ses4 ,x appe>s ma9ly 9 ! florid "w ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,! ceil+ 0 (t5 pa9t$ ( a gold5 yell[1 ) v9e leaves & bun*es ( grapes hang+ f a trellis patt]n :i* cov]s x4 ,at ,tell el ,am>na "s fragm5ts f\nd 7 v free & natural1 b 9 ! ,x,xth dyna/y x became a /iff & =mal affair4 7,tomb ( ,aimadua1 ,ramessu ,x474 ,illu/ration3 #aed4--,p4 #hf4 ,bun*es ( grapes also =m$ fav\rite p5dants2 z su* !y are pa9t$ 9 r[s hang+ f ar*itraves ( wood5 build+s 7tomb ( ,ra1 ,am5hotep ,,ii472 & frequ5tly 9 blue glaz$ w>e bun*es ( grapes are f\nd ( v>y+ sizes1 ) half ( ! upp] "p cut away s z to affix !m by a peg-hole to a squ>e wood5 beam ( ! ceil+4 ,illu/ration3 #aee4--,p4 #gi4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aef4 ,9 ! ,greco-,roman decoration ( capitals ! v9e & grapes also appe>s1 & is (t5 v beautifully treat$1 z at ,esneh1 ?\gh ess5tially z a m]e surface decoration1 & n z an organic elem5t4 ,! convolvulus has sc>cely1 if at all1 be5 ackn[l$g$ z an ,egyptian ornam5t4 ,yet x (t5 occurs dur+ ! ,x,v,i,i,ith & ,x,i,xth dyna/ies4 ,on a c(f9 9 ! ,ghizeh ,museum a long trail ( convolvulus is beautifully modell$ & pa9t$2 & dur+ ! tide ( naturalism "u ,akh5at5 ! wild fl[+ /ems 7 a fav\rite elem5t ( decoration4 ,illu/ration3 #aeg4--,p4 #ia4 ,subsequ5tly ! convolvulus is (t5 %[n z a climb] on ! lotus or papyrus /ems 9 b\quets2 & ?\gh its leaves !n h be5 miscall$ lotus buds1 or 8tabs10 yet !y are cle>ly int5d$ = a natural leaf ( ?is climb]1 :i* is s common 9 ! ,egyptian fields4 ,illu/ration3 #aeh4--,p4 #ia4 ,ano!r field plant :i* play$ a great "p 9 ! glaz$ decorations 0 ! ?i/le4 ,?is is naturally pa9t$ on ! glaz$ tiles2 & ! glaz$ p5dants ( necklaces & wall decoration %[$ an abundance ( ?i/les ) gre5 calices & purple petals4 ,b ?is1 l ! convolvulus1 0 r>ely us$ except dur+ ! beautiful p]iod ( naturalism :i* 0 mo/ develop$ by ,akh5at54 ,artificial comb9ations ( fl[]s also became us$ decoratively4 ,we h j in/anc$ two examples f ! great b\quets or /aves ( fl[]s :i* ! ,egyptians us$ 9 c]emonies4 ,! g>l&s ( fl[] petals :i* are se5 on ! heads ( wom51 or z coll>s1 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith-,x,xth dyna/ies 7 also plac$ ar\nd ! wat]-j>s2 & h5ce a pa9t$ patt]n ( g>l&s came to be us$ on ^? j>s4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aei4 ,9 ar*itecture also ! g>l& came into use1 sometimes c>v$ on ! /one ar\nd ! columns1 sometimes made 9 col\r$ glaze & inlaid 9 ! surface4 ,illu/ration3 #afj4--,t4,a4 ix4 ,wrea?s ( lotus fl[]s & buds 7 also repres5t$ ar\nd ! columns at ,tell el ,am>na4 ,! great pectorals1 or brea/-plates1 ( successive /r+s ( fl[]s & leaves 7 prom95t 9 ! p]sonal & religi\s decoration4 ,! sacr$ b>ks ( ! gods 7 adorn$ ) l>ge & complex brea/-plates1 probably made ( bronze1 gild$ & inlaid 7,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #bce74 ,illu/ration3 #afa4--,p4 ,mon4 xlix4 #b4 ,a small example ( su* we h 9 ,london1 ) ! details all inlaid 9 gold4 ,^! pectorals 7 also repres5t$ on ! lat] vases z a complete :ole4 ,illu/ration3 #afb4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #gf4 ,turn+ n[ to ! m5 & animals %[n 9 decoration1 9 ! p]iod ( ! ,empire we con/antly see figures ( captives introduc$ to emphasise ! p[] ( ! k+4 ,^! fir/ appe> 9 ! great *ange :i* ov]came ,egyptian art consequ5t ^u ! ,asiatic conque/s4 ,be=e ,tahutmes ,,iii4 ! "* & /yle ( "w cont9ually recalls t ( ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y2 b )9 "o or two g5]ations a pr(\nd diff]5ce *ang$ = ev] ! nature ( ! art1 & ?is is reflect$ 9 ! national h&writ+1 :i* %[s a simil> break4 ,am5hotep ,,ii4 appe>s on 8 nurse's knee ) an emblematic gr\p ( =eign]s "u 8 feet1 :ile he grasps cords ti$ to _! necks2 & 9 ! same _s he is %[n1 :5 gr[n up1 z smit+ at "o bl[ a :ole bun* ( captives :om he holds 9 8 left h& 7,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #fb2 ,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #fa74 ,tahutmes ,,iv4 simil>ly is se5 seat$ on 8 tutor's knee1 ) 8 feet on a foot/ool ornam5t$ ) pro/rate captives 7,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #fi74 ,am5hotep ,,iii4 appe>s ) figures ( a negro & a ,syrian b\nd to ! sam sign on ! sides ( 8 ?rone1 & h5ce=w>d ! abasem5t ( captives 0 an ess5tial idea to ,egyptians4 ,b x %\ld be rememb]$ t common z ! notion 0 9 late times1 x is orig9ally ,asiatic & n ,egyptian2 ! k+ trampl+ on ! nations & mak+ foes a foot/ool are ideas n f\nd 9 ,egypt until ! ,semitic conque/s ( ,tahutmes ,,iii41 ?\gh ! e>lie/ figure ( a sph9x trampl+ on a captive is "u ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #afc4 ,"u ,akh5at5 six v>i\s races are repres5t$ on ! sides ( 8 great balcony 7,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #aji71 & ! alt]nate negroes & ,syrians are pa9t$ on ! passage floors ( 8 palace1 or c>v$ 9 blocks ( alaba/] to be trodd5 "u foot4 ,d[n ! v>i\s ages ?is symbolism recurs 9 decoration until 9 ,ptolemaic & ,roman times e dec5t ,egyptian _h captives pa9t$ on ! soles ( 8 s&als 9 :i* he 0 buri$1 s t = all et]nity he might tread d[n ! ,g5tiles4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #afd4 ,among animals a fav\rite 9 decoration 0 ! ibex1 b x 0 n introduc$ till ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,x (t5 appe>s on ! f+]-r+s ( ,akh5at5's "t1 & lat] ^u ! fun]al t5t ( ,isiemkheb1 +5i\sly adapt$ to fill a squ>e space4 ,! bull or "y calf 0 m frequ5tly introduc$2 on ! wood5 boxes & trays x is %[n z b\nd+ 9 ! mead[s1 & x is cont9ually us$ 9 ! gr\ps ( ! pa9t$ pavem5t at ,tell el ,am>na4 ,birds are also a common subject = decoration1 ?\gh only dat+ f ! same p]iod z ! o!r animals4 ,besides ! symbolic or sacr$ use ( ! hawk & vulture1 ! v secul> duck 0 a fav\rite bird4 ,on ! great pavem5ts ( ,akh5at5 x appe>s above e gr\p ( plants4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #afe4 ,on r+s x is (t5 engrav$ flutt]+ above its ne/2 & 9 ! decad5ce ( ,egyptian art 9 ! ,x,xth dyna/y ! incongru\s idea 0 adopt$ ( birds1 eggs1 & ne/s all ^u a ceil+4 ,! natural ceil+ patt]n adopt$ f ! e>ly days ( ,egyptian art 0 ( gold5 />s on a deep blue gr\nd2 n a d>k daylight blue1 z 9 mod]n imitations1 b a black night blue4 ,^! are always five-po9t$ />s1 ) a circul> spot1 usually ( r$1 9 ! c5tre4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aff4 ,x is noticeable t ! ,egyptian views a /> z surr\nd$ by long /ream]s ( light2 because to a long-sight$ p]son1 or any "o ) prop] spectacles1 ! />s appe> z po9ts ( light )\t radiations4 ,h5ce x seems z if ! ,egyptians 7 %ort-sight$ p f ! e>ly ages4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #afg4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #ai4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #afh4 ,la/ly we may notice ! base imitation ( nature 9 copy+ ! gra9 ( wood1 :i* we f9d done 9 ! e>lie/ times ( ! ,i,vth dyna/y1 & cont9u$ d[n to ! p]iod ( ! ,empire4 ,/ones 7 also imitat$ by pa9t+1 & r$ granite is frequ5tly copi$ 9 ! e>li] days1 on ! recess$ doorways ( tombs4 ,9 lat] times vases ( valuable /one 7 imitat$ by pa9t+ ov] a pott]y vase1 & su* *eap sub/itutes 7 commonly plac$ 9 ! tombs4 ,^! base imitations are ( /hetic int]e/ z %[+ 9 :at a diff]5t mann] ! ,egyptian view$ 8 mat]ials f t ( our /&po9t4 ,he /ucco$ & pa9t$ ov] 8 h>d /one /atues2 x 0 en\gh = him to "k t ! /one 0 h>d & imp]i%able--he did n ne$ to see x always expos$4 ,! imitation ( nature 0 ! /&po9t f :i* he />t$1 & he _h no objection to c>ry out t imitation ) pa9t or o!rwise2 our ab/ract /&po9t ( an arti/ic effect :i* mu/ nev] involve falsity1 b :i* may h little or no?+ to d ) nature1 0 altoge!r outside ( 8 /hetic4 ,,*apt] ,,iv ,,/ructural ,,decoration ,9 ! p]si/5ce ( c]ta9 =ms :i* 7 ! direct result ( ! /ructure ( a build+ or object1 we h a v consid]able s\rce ( decoration4 ,9 ,greek ar*itecture _m ( ! details are entirely ! product ( wood5 con/ruction translat$ into /one4 ,! triglyphs1 ! imitation ( nail heads1 ( ! ends ( ! poles support+ ! ro(+1 ( ! cross+ ( beams at ! c(f]s1 are all details :i* are reta9$ z decoration long aft] !y ceas$ to h any /ructural mean+1 ow+ to an entire *ange ( mat]ial4 ,su* is /ructural decoration 9 its be/ kn[n =ms4 ,b ! same pr9ciples equally apply to ,egyptian ar*itecture2 !re ! orig9al mat]ial 0 n sawn wood z 9 ,greece1 b r ! papyrus & palm bran*1 ) ! ev]-pres5t mud pla/]+ & mud bricks4 ,! decorative details ( ! /one ar*itecture h come d[n f ?is /age ( build+1 translat$ po9t = po9t into /one1 j z ! ,greek translat$ 8 wood5 ar*itecture into m>ble4 ,b pott]y prec$$ /one 9 ,egypt1 & "o ( ! simple/ ( ornam5ts arose f /ructural necessity4 ,to ?is day may be se5 9 ! ,egyptian pott]y y>ds b[ls & j>s held toge!r by a twi/ ( r\gh palm fibre cord1 :ile !y dry 9 ! sun be=e bak+4 ,?is accid5tal m>k+ by ! rope 9 ! wet clay is se5 on ! pott]y ( all ages2 b x became develop$ z a patt]n app>5tly 9 ! twi/ or guillo*e1 :i* may p]haps be r d]iv$ f ?is ?an f ! *a9 ( coils or wave patt]n4 ,illu/ration3 #afi4--;,h4,s4 #chc4 ,illu/ration3 #agj4--,kahun ,pot4 ,illu/ration3 #aga4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #fc4 ,basket-"w 0 elaborately develop$ 9 ! ,old ,k+dom4 ,!re 7 beautiful scre5s repres5t$ beh9d ! figures ( ! own]s ( ! e>ly tombs2 !y might 9 "s cases be matt+ in/ead ( basket-"w1 b o!rs ( ! patt]ns appe> c]ta9ly to be ( a rigid mat]ial4 ,9 no case are !y likely to be 8mats on :i* ! k+s /&10 z /yl$ by ,ow5 ,jones4 ,among ! v>i\s patt]ns ( platt+ :i* are readily develop$1 squ>es1 waves1 zig-zags1 *equ]s1 c41 !re are "s made by b9d+ ! fibres into bundles1 & s mak+ a k9d ( op5 "w1 :i* may well h l$ to ! patt]n ( connect$ rhombs :i* is s usual on ,ori5tal pott]y4 ,illu/ration3 #agb4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #fc4 ,illu/ration3 #agc4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #ag4 ,"o ( ! mo/ famili> e>ly motives is wood5 fram+4 ,?is is cont9ually imitat$ 9 ! /one figures ( doorways 9 ! tombs4 ,! details ( x %[ t a frame or grate ( jo9]y mu/ h be5 us$ = ! por* ( l>ge h\ses1 s z to admit light & air :ile ! door 0 fa/5$4 ,! preval5ce ( su* wood5 frames or lattices 9 mod]n times 9 ,egypt--kn[n z mu%rabiyeh "w--%[s h[ suit$ su* a sy/em is to ! climate4 ,long aft] ! use ( /one 0 g5]al ! frames 7 imitat$1 & ! patt]n surviv$ z a decoration4 ,! same /yle ( fram+ 0 us$ 9 ! upp] "p ( a h\se1 ) decorative uprights ( ! hi]oglyph tat1 & 0 copi$ z a fancy decoration 9 furniture1 z se5 9 a beautiful ivory c>v+ 9 ! ,l\vre4 ,?is /yle surviv$ until ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 :5 x is se5 9 a tomb at ,!bes 7,am5hetop ,,ii41 ,prisse ,art7 & at ! temple ( ,s$e+a "u ,am5hotep ,,iii4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #age4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #agd4--;,ghizeh4 ,mu* ak9 to ?is wood fram+ is ! panell+ ( ! brickwork :i* is se5 9 ! e>lie/ examples 9 ,egypt1 & is id5tical ) ! panell+ ( walls 9 e>ly ,babylonia1 "o ( ! indications ( a common civilisation ( ! two great valleys4 ,?is panell+ does n seem to h la/$ beyond ! ,old ,k+dom2 !re 0 no trace ( x f\nd at ,kahun or ,gurob1 9 ! build+s ( ! ,x,i,ith & ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/ies1 nor does x appe> 9 any draw+s or imitations ( build+s4 ,illu/ration3 #agf4--,p4 ,m4 vii4 7plan74 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #agg4 ,"o ( ! be/ kn[n *>act]i/ics ( ,egyptian ar*itecture is ! slop+ face ( ! walls & pylons4 ,?is is directly copi$ f brickwork4 ,9 ord] to give m cohesion to a wall x 0 ! cu/om to build x on a curv$ b$1 s t ! c\rses all slop$ up outw>ds at ! out] corn]s4 ,?us ! out] faces slop$ inw>ds1 & ! wall _h m /ability4 ,s w$d$ 7 ! build]s to ?is me?od1 t :]e a long wall ( a =t or city 0 to be built !y pref]r$ to beg9 ) a r[ ( t[]s ( brickwork ?us arrang$1 & !n to fill 9 ! spaces betwe5 !m ) m pla9 wall+4 ,?is slope ( ! walls 0 copi$ 9 /one at ! e>lie/ "t4 ,! temple ( ,snef]u at ,m$um has a slope on ! face ( ab\t #a 9 #af1 & x 0 cont9u$ d[n to ! v late/ age ( ,roman build+4 ,illu/ration3 #agh4--,p]r+4 ,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #dd4 ,ano!r famili> feature is ! roll or torus d[n ! corn]s ( ! build+s4 ,x is usually ornam5t$ by a patt]n ( b9d+4 ,?is--z 0 well po9t$ out by ,pr(essor ,conway--is evid5tly a bundle ( re$s b\nd toge!r1 & put d[n ! angle ( ! pla/]+ 9 ord] to pres]ve x f break+ away4 ,su* a con/ruction 0 an ugly necessity at fir/1 b :5 /onework+ arose x _h become s famili> t x 0 fai?fully copi$ 9 /one z a decoration1 & cont9u$ to be s copi$ = m ?an f\r ?\s& ye>s1 z long z ,egyptian ar*itecture la/$4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ahj4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #agi4 ,illu/ration3 #aha4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #aab4 ,! well-kn[n ,egyptian cornice has be5 s long tak5 = grant$ t x might seem nev] to h requir$ an orig94 ,yet 9 ! villages ( ! ,fellah9 to-day palm cornices may be se5 9 c\rse ( developm5t4 ,a f5ce is =m$ ( palm-/icks1 plac$ upright1 & /ripp$ ( leaves = "s way up4 ,! tops are left bu%y1 & s]ve to prev5t m5 or animals climb+ ov] ! c\rty>d wall4 ,! upright /icks are ti$ toge!r by a rope ne> ! top1 or la%$ on to a cross l9e ( /icks4 ,! f5ce is /iff5$ bel[ by int]weav+ o!r palm-/icks 9 bo? directions2 & !n ! :ole is pla/]$ ) mud up to ! tie level4 ,"h we h ! cavetto cornice be+ =m$ by ! nodd+ tops ( ! bran*es2 & to cl9* ! matt]1 ! e>lie/ repres5tations ( t cornice are on figures ( build+s :i* %[ ! cross$ /icks ( ! f5ce bel[ ! cornice4 ,! ribb+ ( ! cornice is se5 on ! e>lie/ examples1 on ,m5kaura's s>cophagus 9 ! ,i,vth dyna/y 7,p]r+71 9 ! ,v? dyna/y 7,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #dd7 & ! ,v,ith 7,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #aab71 & su* 0 copi$ until late times4 ,b 9 ! m decorative cornices ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y ! ribb+ 0 brok5 up by cross l9es1 sometimes curv$ upw>d1 sometimes d[nw>d4 ,^! cross l9es mu/ be a degradation ( ! leaves ( ! palm bran*4 ,9 lat] times !y are omitt$1 & ! patt]n becomes simply /rip$4 ,illu/ration3 #ahb4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #aae4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ahc4 ,?is cornice 0 copi$ 9 ,syrian ar*itecture1 9 ! pla9 =m )\t ribb+1 z 9 ! tomb at ,siloam & ! slabs ( ,la*i%2 b x does n appe> to h ev] tak5 root 9 ,assyria1 ?\gh attempt$ !re1 nor is x kn[n 9 ,europe4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #ahd4 ,! o!r ma9 type ( ,egyptian cornice is :at is kn[n z ! ,khak]1 f ! equival5t ( ! sign z a hi]oglyph 9 inscriptions4 ,?is only means 8to cov]0 or 8to ornam5t10 & !re=e ref]s to ! position ( ! decoration & n to its orig94 ,! clue to ! real nature ( ?is decoration is giv5 9 a tomb ( ! ,i,vth dyna/y 7,ptah-hotep1 ,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #aja4 b471 :]e we see ! khak] ornam5t n z a m]e pa9t+1 b repres5t$ z /&+ up solid ar\nd ! tops ( ! cab9s ( boats4 ,x _c !re=e be any?+ v heavy or solid1 su* z spe>-heads1 z has be5 propos$4 ,x probably results 9 "s way f ! con/ruction ( ! cab9s4 ,!y mu/ h _h ro(s ( v light mat]ial4 ,papyrus 0 g5]ally us$ = build+ boats1 & !re=e = cab9s also1 mo/ likely4 ,?is gives u ! clue to int]pret x4 ,suppose a scre5 ( papyrus /ems2 ! ro(+ /ems ti$ on to ! uprights2 & ! loose wiry leaves at ! head ti$ toge!r1 to keep !m f /raggl+ ov] & look+ untidy4 ,"h we h all ! details ( ! khak] ornam5t simply result+ f /ructural necessity4 ,! leaves are ga!r$ toge!r at ! l[] ty+2 !re ! end view ( ! conc5tric coats ( ! papyrus /ems ( ! ro( are se5 z conc5tric circles2 above :i* ! leaves bulge out & are ti$ toge!r ne> ! top4 ,?\gh ?is /ructural decoration is se5 on ! top ( boat cab9s z e>ly z ! ,i,vth dyna/y1 yet we h n f\nd x z decoration on a flat surface until ! ,x,i,ith4 ,!n x is v common2 b its mean+ became confus$ 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 & 9 ,ptolemaic times x is se5 9 absurd positions1 z on a base1 & on ar*itraves above an empty space1 :]e no /ems bel[ x 7 possible4 ,illu/ration3 #ahe4--,prisse #hh4 ,we h j m5tion$ "o use ( re$s or papyrus 9 ! torus roll on ! edge ( build+s2 b on int]ior decoration we meet aga9 ) ! same motive4 ,! bord]s ( ,egyptian sc5es f ! e>lie/ times are fram$ ) a v>iety ( b9d+s2 & s suitable did su* bord]+ seem t x 0 cont9u$ ) b little v>iation ?r\gh\t all ! hi/ory4 ,! olde/ =ms are-- ,illu/ration3 #ahf4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #dc4 pla9 b9d+1 ,illu/ration3 #ahg4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #dd4 a diagonal b9d+1 ,illu/ration3 #ahh4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #dd4 or ,illu/ration3 #ahi4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #ed4 & cross$ b9d+4 ,illu/ration3 #aij4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #adh4 ,illu/ration3 #aia4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #acb4 ,! latt] became modifi$ into-- by ! ,x,ith dyna/y1 %[+ t its mean+ 0 already becom+ =gott54 ,b a modification ( ! t[] ends ( ?is patt]n 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y is difficult to und]/&2 unless we c look on x z an irregul> w9d+ ( ! ends ( ! cord ar\nd ! re$ bundle 9 place ( ! regul> cross+ :i* is %[n above x4 ,illu/ration3 #aib4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #aae4 ,! modification ( col\rs & arrangem5t 9 ! pla9 b9d+ is int]m9able4 ,9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y we f9d ,illu/ration3 #aic4--,l4,d4 ,,ii4 #acf4 9 ! ,x,i,xth ,illu/ration3 #aid4--,p4 #gb4 #gf4 9 late times ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aie4 & 9 all ages a b9d+ ) a numb] ( l9es betwe5 col\r$ spaces 0 common ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aif4 & on bord]s ( ar*itecture & /atu>y ?rones ,,*apt] ,v ,,symbolical ,,decoration ,! ,egyptian :o express$ all 8 ?\ghts by a symbolical writ+1 full ( det]m9atives1 0 naturally mu* giv5 to symbolism 9 8 decoration4 ,n1 h[ev]1 t all 8 decoration 0 symbolic 9 a recondite s5se2 ! ev]-pres5t lotus ornam5t 0 m]ely a ?+ ( beauty2 ! lotus 0 n a sacr$ plant1 x is n associat$ ) any div9ity 9 p>ticul>1 & only 9 "o unusual in/ance does x ev] occur 9 ! hi]oglyphs4 ,! fanciful habit ( ,europe1 9 see+ a hidd5 s5se 9 e fl[]1 0 n ak9 to ! simple & elem5t>y m9d ( ! ,egyptian4 ,b c]ta9 /rik+ emblems he us$ cont9ually2 & "o ( ! e>lie/ ( ^! is ! uraeus snake1 or cobra 9 8 wra?1 re>$ up ) exp&$ body ready to /rike4 ,! dignity & p[] ( ! animal made x to be an emblem ( ! k+1 or r p]haps ( ! royal p[] ( dea?4 ,t capital puni%m5t 0 us$ 9 ,egypt is se5 9 ! ,we/c> ,tales1 :i* probably date f ! ,old ,k+dom1 :]e a condemn$ malefactor is ord]$ to be br\ght =? = a magician to try 8 p[] 9 br++ him to life :5 sla94 ,! k+1 z hav+ ! p[] ( dea?1 bore ! uraeus always on 8 head-dress2 & f ! e>lie/ days 7at ,m$um7 ! royal c\rt ( ju/ice 0 adorn$ ) a cornice ( uraei1 imply+ t !re resid$ ! royal "r ( judgm5t & ( condemnation4 ,?is cornice seems1 h[ev]1 to h be5 reg>d$ z m]ely royal 9 lat] times1 & 0 freely us$ to adorn any royal /ructure1 ev5 a wood5 summ]-h\se 7,am5hotep ,,ii472 or ! uraei =m$ a b& ar\nd columns 7,akh5at571 or appe> z support]s ( ! royal c>t\*e 7,p4 #gb71 ei!r pla9 7,ramessu ,,ii47 or w+$ 7,horemheb ,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #abb74 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aig4 ,illu/ration3 #aih4--,p4 #gb4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #aii4 ,illu/ration3 #bjj4--,khufu4 ,illu/ration3 #bja4--,unas4 ,illu/ration3 #bjb4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #abb;a4 ,a symbolism closely connect$ ) ?is is t ( ! globe & w+s4 ,?is c]ta9ly dates to ! beg9n+ ( ! monum5tal age1 z x is se5 above ! figure ( ,khufu seat$ on an amulet4 ,9 t in/ance x is on too small a scale to %[ ! details2 b 9 ! next dyna/y x appe>s above ,unas at ,elephant9e1 ) ! globe flank$ by two uraei & two w+s4 ,:at ! symbolism ( x 0 we h no direct in=mation4 ,b :5 we consid] t ! w+s are ^? ( ! vulture spread out1 z x appe>s on ! ro(s ( ! passages z a protect+ & pres]v+ mat]nal emblem1 & ! uraeus is associat$ ) x1 we c h>dly view x z o!r ?an ! same idea ( ! p[] ( life & dea?1 ( pres]vation & de/ruction4 ,b 9 ?is emblem x is n ! k+ :o wields ^! p[]s1 b ,ra ! ,sun1 ^: disc appe>s 9 ! mid/4 ,t ! w+s h ?us ! mean+ ( protection is %[n by ! globe ) droop+ w+s embrac+ ! royal "n1 express+ ! protection giv5 by ,ra to ! k+1 )\t associat+ ! deadly or punitive p[] ( ! uraeus4 ,a curi\s =m ( ?is emblem :i* 0 common 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y is ) only "o w+4 ,illu/ration3 #bjc4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #h4 ,illu/ration3 #bjd4--,p4 #gb4 ,"o ( ! mo/ p]fect & beautiful examples ( ! w+$ disc is on ! temple ( ,tahutmes ,,iii41 b x cont9u$ to be us$ d[n to ! late/ times ( ,egyptian ar*itecture z a l9tel decoration4 ,9 ! ,x,i,xth dyna/y an addition to ! symbolism appe>s2 ! horns ( a ram are add$ to ! w+s2 sometimes )\t ! uraei 7,ramessu ,i41 ,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #aca71 sometimes ) ! uraei 7,ramessu ,,ii41 ,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #bjd74 ,^! rams' horns c h>dly be o!r ?an ^? ( ! ram-head$ god ,khnum1 8! mak]0 or 8modell]0 ( m54 ,! idea !n ( ! w+s & horns is t ,ra makes z well z protects2 & :]e ! uraeus is add$ x implies t ,ra is creator1 pres]v]1 & de/roy]4 ,! vulture alone z ! emblem ( protection is frequ5tly figur$ ) out/ret*$ w+s across ! ceil+s ( ! passages1 p>ticul>ly ^? ( ! royal tombs ( ! ,x,i,xth dyna/y4 ,!re is p]haps no sight 9 ! animal _w m impos+ ?an "o ( ^! birds1 /ret*$ out ) a span ( "s n9e or t5 feet1 hang+ 9 ! air close ov]head2 x is natural t x %\ld h excit$ ! admiration ( man1 & n be+ hurtful x readily came to be hon\r$ z a type ( mat]nal c>e4 ,illu/ration3 #bje4--,p4 #ha4 ,illu/ration3 #bjf4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #bce4 ,! sc>ab 0 ano!r su* typical animal1 roll+ ! pellet conta9+ an egg to a safe place :]e x buries x4 ,?\gh v common z an amulet = ! liv+ & ! dead1 yet x is n (t5 se5 9 symbolical or decorative use o!rwise4 ,) :at idea ! amulet 0 us$ we d n "k = c]ta94 ,! sc>ab itself is (t5 figur$ z hold+ ! disc ( ! sun betwe5 its claws3 & x is at lea/ possible t ! symbolic idea ( ! sc>ab z ! mak] or creator arose f ! burial ( its ball be+ an emblem ( ! sett+ ( ! sun1 f :i* new life w arise 9 due c\rse4 ,x occurs ) ! w+s ext5d$ & ! disc betwe5 ! claws z a c5tre figure 9 ! space ( a ceil+ patt]n 7,nef]hotep1 ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y71 & on ! bord] ( ! cov]+ ( a %r9e "u ,ramessu ,x41 & is occasionally met ) lat] 9 decoration4 ,illu/ration3 #bjg4--,r4,c4 cxxx4 ,illu/ration3 #bjh4--,p4 #gh4 ,illu/ration3 #bji4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #ajj4 ,! lion z a noble & royal animal frequ5tly figures 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y4 ,! ,egyptians1 ) _! m>vell\s in/9ct = tam+ e animal !y c\ld f9d1 actually tra9$ lions or leop>ds to live z dome/icat$ animals1 ) ! same sort ( all[$ wildness z mod]n hunt+ dogs4 ,! lion accompani$ ! k+ 9 battle2 b 9 camp x lay d[n z peaceably z an ox4 ,x 0 frequ5tly c>v$ on ! sides ( ! ?rones ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith-,x,xth dyna/ies1 & also seat$ 9 pairs1 fac+ or back+1 on ! temple walls1 a usage rem9d+ u ( ! lion gate ( ,myk5ae ( ! same age4 ,illu/ration3 #baj4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #aad ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #baa4 ,"s ( ! ,egyptian div9ities also appe> z symbolic ornam5ts4 ,! figures ( ! goddess ,maat ) spread w+s adorn$ ! ark ( ,am5-ra "u ,tahutimes ,,ii42 & 9 e>li] times simil> *]ubic figures /& gu>d+ ! "n ( ,antef ,v4 on a sc>ab4 ,ha?or also appe>s on v>i\s objects4 ,a mirror h&le c>v$ 9 wood dur+ ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y has ! head ( ,ha?or 7,p4 #a4 xiii472 columns ) heads ( ,ha?or1 cr[n$ ) a %r9e occupi$ by a uraeus1 are f\nd introduc$ by ,am5hotep ,,iii4 9 8 temples at ,el ,kab & ,s$e+a1 & 7 copi$ by ,ramessu ,,ii4 at ,abu ,simbel4 ,! simil> head ( ,ha?or 0 frequ5tly made 9 glaz$ pott]y z a p5dant 9 ! "t ( ,akh5at54 ,& 9 lat] times ^! ,ha?or head$ capitals became usual "u ! ,ptolemies1 z 9 ! well-kn[n case ( ! portico ( ! great temple at ,d5d]a4 ,illu/ration3 #bab4--,l4,d4 ,i4 #ajj4 ,bes 0 "o ( ! fav\rite popul> deities ( ! ,egyptians2 re/rict$ to no place 9 p>ticul>1 e vot>y ( music & ! dance patronis$ ,bes4 ,! little /atuette ( a danc+ girl ) a ,bes mask on1 besides an actual mask 9 c>tonnage1 f\nd at ,kahun1 %[ ! popul>ity ( ! god 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y4 ,9 lat] times 8 figure is frequ5tly se54 ,at ,tell el ,am>na ornam5ts = necklaces made 9 glaz$ pott]y foll[$ two types ( ,bes1 ! god danc+ ) ! tamb\r9e se5 9 side view1 & ! e>li] grotesque front view1 ) arms akimbo4 ,^! famili> little figures cont9u$ to be made till late times2 & 9 ! ,roman age ,bes 0 elevat$ to ar*itectural dignity on ! dies above ! columns at ,d5d]eh 9 ! small temple ( ! ,mammeisi4 ,ano!r & m artificial mode ( symbolical decoration 0 by means ( ! hi]oglyphic signs4 ,hav+ a mode ( writ+ 9 :i* a s+le m>k c\ld express an ab/ract idea1 x 0 possible to adapt writ+ to a purely decorative design4 ,ev5 ) alphabetic *>act]s ?is has be5 done1 z 9 ! elaborate cross+ patt]ns ( ! e>li] ,arab p]iod 9 ,egypt1 9 :i* no untra9$ eye w\ld see any?+ b a complex ornam5t4 ,illu/ration3 #bac4--;,ankh4 ,illu/ration3 #bad4--,!t4 ,illu/ration3 #bae4--,uas4 ,illu/ration3 #baf4--;,dad4 ,f\r ( ! hi]oglyphs mo/ usually work$ into ornam5tal designs are ! ankh1 a girdle1 or symbol ( life2 ! !t1 ano!r =m ( girdle1 ) long] b[-tie 9 front1 :i*1 z always id5tifi$ ) ,isis1 may h be5 a primitive fem99e girdle1 ! ankh be+ mascul9e2 ! uas1 a /ick ( au?ority1 or symbol ( p[]2 & ! dad1 a r[ ( columns1 or symbol ( /ability4 ,z e>ly z ! ,old ,k+dom we f9d wood5 fram+s1 or lattices1 ornam5t$ ) dad signs2 & ?is cont9u$ at lea/ z late z ,am5hotep ,,ii4 ,! dad also appe>s 9 :at is probably copi$ f pi]c$ woodwork1 9 a relief at ,qurneh ( ,ramessu ,i4 ,illu/ration3 #bag4--,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #aca4 ,illu/ration3 ,fig4 #bah4 ,! comb9ation ( !t dad uas1 & ( ankh dad uas1 is f\nd 9 ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y at ,b5ihasan1 app>5tly c>v$ 9 relief1 on ! wood5 panels ( a litt] 7,r4,c4 xciii474 ,! same occur simil>ly c>v$ on ! ebony doors ( ,hat%epsut at ,deir el ,bahri4 ,! gr\p beg9s to appe> z an ar*itectural design e>ly 9 ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 & cont9ues d[n to ,roman times1 especially on bases ( sc5es & gr\ps1 ?us =m+ a cont9u\s bord] ( good wi%es4 ,! hi]oglyphs1 ankh1 dad1 & uas1 are all f\nd on p5dants = necklaces1 9 ! blue glaz$ pott]y ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 & also comb9$ 9 "o z a r+ bezil4 ,& ! !t girdle tie ( ,isis appe>s repeat$ z a patt]n1 probably ( pi]c$ woodwork1 along ! sides ( a %r9e ( ,tahutimes ,,iii4 at ,semneh1 & on ! base ( a c\* 9 ! bir? sc5e ( ,am5hotep ,,iii4 7,r4,s4 xxxviii474 ,z fun]al amulets ! !t1 dad1 & ankh occur commonly1 b t bran* is outside ( ! subject ( decoration4 ,illu/ration3 #bai4--,khafra4 ,illu/ration3 #bbj4--,khafra4 ,ano!r hi]oglyph (t5 appe>+ z an ornam5t is ! sam1 or symbol ( union4 ,! orig9 ( x is yet unexpla9$4 ,x c]ta9ly is a column ( "s k9d2 x has a well-m>k$ capital & an abacus4 ,! capital is =m$ mu* l ! palm-leaf capital2 & ! /em is cle>ly b\nd r\nd1 & mu/ !re=e be composite4 ,?is sugge/s t x might be a column ( palm-/icks b\nd toge!r1 ) "s tops left project+ = ornam5t4 ,su* might well be m conv5tionalis$ at ! beg9n+ ( ,egyptian sculpture 9 ! ,i,vth dyna/y ?an ! o!r k9ds ( capitals2 & ! immigrant race came f ! region ( ! palm1 :ile ! lotus & papyrus only 7 rea*$ by !m 9 ,egypt itself4 ,! base is a ma9 difficulty to expla94 ,x might be conv5tionalis$ clods ( e>?1 ) two curl$-ov] side bran*es ( ! palm2 b x has be5 s modifi$ t we mu/ await m evid5ce4 ,9 any case ! /em is =m$ ( sev]al p>ts b\nd toge!r1 & h5ce x 0 v naturally adopt$ z a symbol ( union4 ,x 0 fur!r gr\p$ ) two plants1 ! /alks ( :i* 7 l9k$ ar\nd x4 ,x is always suppos$ t ^! symbolise nor!rn & s\!rn ,egypt1 & t ! gr\p means ! union ( all ! l&4 ,/ill x is yet unc]ta9 :at plants are int5d$ to be repres5t$1 ?\gh on ! ?rone ( ,tahutimes ,,iv4 !y are cle>ly lotus & papyrus2 b ! evid5ce is too late to be ( mu* value4 ,?is gr\p 0 a fav\rite decoration f beg9n+ to end ( ,egyptian hi/ory4 ,at ! beg9n+ ( ! ,x,i,ith dyna/y an addition 0 made by plac+ a figure ( ,hapi or ! ,nile on ea* side ( ! gr\p 7,tanis i4 ,i471 ea* figure hold+ "o ( ! two plants4 ,z ^! figures 7 cr[n$1 "o ) ! sign ( s\? ! o!r ( nor?1 !y po9t to ! plants be+ emblems ( ! s\? & nor? also4 ,?is gr\p ) ! figures is f\nd z late z ! ,x,xth dyna/y 7,l4,d4 ,,iii4 #bcg74 ,ano!r design came into fa%ion dur+ ! great =eign w>s ( ! ,x,v,i,i,ith dyna/y1 repres5t+ two captives1 "o negro1 "o ,syrian1 b\nd back to back aga9/ ! sam2 ?us x symbolis$ n only ! union ( upp] & l[] ,egypt1 b also ( ! nor!rn & s\!rn races outside ( ,egypt4 ,lat] on1 f\r or ev5 six su* racial types are figur$ z b\nd toge!r4 ,,index ,amu dresses1 #ae ,ankh girdle1 #aag ,an!mion1 #fe1 #gb ,assyrian lotus1 #gb ,b>ks ( gods1 #hc ,basket-"w scre5s1 #ad1 #cf1 #ic ,bell capital1 #gf ,bes1 god ( dance1 #aae ,b9d+ patt]ns1 #ajc ,birds1 #hg ,boat cov]s1 #bi1 #ca ,bord]s1 spiral1 #dj lotus1 #fd ,borr[$ art1 #dj ,brickwork panell+1 #ie curv$ c\rses1 #if ,c-spirals1 #cd ,calf1 #hg ,captives1 #hd b\nd toge!r1 #he1 #abb pa9t$ on s&als1 #hf ,cavetto cornice1 #ih ,*a9 ( spirals1 #bj ,*equ] patt]ns1 #dd ,circles1 n usual1 #dg n divid$ by six1 #di ,classes ( ornam5t1 #i ,cobra1 #ajg ,coils1 #bj ,cont9u\s spirals1 #bj ,convolvulus decoration1 #ha ,cornice1 palm1 #ih ,dad columns1 #ie1 #aag ,daisy1 #eh ,decoration1 classes (1 #i ,decorative in/9ct ( ,egyptians1 #b ,desc5t ( patt]ns1 #e ,disc ) spots1 #fj & w+s1 #ajh ,duck1 #hg ,endless spirals1 #ba ,fea!r patt]ns1 #ej types (1 #ea belts1 #eb ,fleur-de-lys type1 #fh ,fl[] ornam5t1 #ee ,fram+ ( wood1 #id ,fret patt]ns1 #ce ,greek1 #cf1 #dc ,g>l&s1 #hb ,geometrical ornam5t1 #i1 #ab ,girdles ankh & !t1 #aag ,globe & w+s1 #ajh ,gra9+ ( wood1 #hi ,grape p5dants1 #hj ,greek fret1 #cf1 #dc lotus1 #gb ar*itecture1 /ructural1 #ia ,guillo*e1 #dj ,ha?or head1 #aad capitals1 #aae ,hawk1 #hg ,hexagon patt]n1 #ad ,hi]oglyphs decorative1 #c symbolic1 #aaf ,hooks1 #bj ,horns1 #aaj ,ibex1 #hg ,imitation ( wood1 #hi /one1 #hi ,isiemkheb1 t5t (1 #ef1 #hg ,kahun1 guillo*e at1 #da ,keft dresses1 #ae ,khak] patt]n1 #ajj ,khufu1 #ajh ,la*i%1 slabs1 #ajj ,lea!rwork1 #ef1 #ei rosettes1 #eg ,l9e decoration1 #ab zigzag1 #ac ,l9ks1 #bj ,lion1 #aac ,lotus patt]ns1 #fa ti$1 #fb capitals1 #fc bord]1 #fd plant1 #ff friezes1 #fg fl[] develop$1 #gj fl[] ) p5dants1 #gc column1 #gf ,maat goddess1 #aad ,mae&]1 #dj ,m9us9sk art1 #g ,myk5aean spirals1 #ch borr[$ art1 #dj ox head1 #ei disc & spots1 #fj ,natural ornam5t1 #aj1 #ej ,network patt]ns1 #df ,nile figures1 #aba ,or*om5os1 #ci ,orig9 ( patt]ns1 #e ,ornam5t1 classes (1 #i ,palm capital1 #gh n common1 #gi cornice1 #ih column1 #abj ,palmetto1 #fe ,panell$ patt]n1 #ie ,papyrus1 #fa1 #ge cornice1 #aja ,patt]ns n re-inv5t$1 #h ,pectorals1 #hc ,p]spective1 ,egyptian1 #fi ,plait+ patt]ns1 #ad1 #cf1 #dd ,ra1 creator1 pres]v] & de/roy]1 #aaa ,roll on build+s1 #ig1 #ajc ,rope bord]s1 #db patt]n1 #ib ,rosette1 #ef1 #eh ,ru%work plait+1 #ad1 #cf1 #ic ,sam column1 #aai ,scale patt]n really fea!rs1 #eb ,sc>ab spirals1 #ah symbolical1 #aab ,scroll patt]n1 #ag ,siloam tomb1 #ajj ,slop+ faces ( build+s1 #if ,spiral or scroll1 #ag orig9 (1 #ah sole patt]ns1 #bd e>li] on sc>abs1 #bh surface decoration1 #bi ) lotus1 #cj cross$ l9es1 #ca quadruple1 #ca qu9tuple1 #cd develop$ to fret1 #cf late1 #bc ,subdivisions4 coils1 #bj1 #ba1 #bc1 #bd1 #bi1 #dj hooks1 #ai1 #bj1 #bb l9ks1 #ai1 #bj1 #ba1 #bi1 #db *a91 #bj1 #ba cont9u\s1 #bj1 #be endless1 #ba1 #bc false l9ks1 #bf lop-sid$1 #bg ,spots1 n ,egyptian1 #ae1 #fj ,/> patt]ns1 #eg1 #eh1 #hh ,/it* patt]ns1 #dc1 #eg ,/ructural ornam5t1 #aj1 #ia ,/yles1 *>act]i/ic1 #h ,symbolic ornam5t1 #aa1 #ajf ,tell el ,am>na1 #bi1 #ed1 #ee1 #eh1 #ga1 #ge1 #hj1 #hg1 #aaf ,t]ms = spirals1 #bj ,!t girdle1 #aag ,?i/le decoration1 #hb ,torus1 orig9 (1 #ig ,uas sceptre1 #aag ,uraeus1 #ajg ,v patt]n1 #ee ,v9e patt]ns1 #gi ,vulture1 #hg1 #aaa ,wave bord]s1 #da ,wavy l9e1 r\nd$1 #af ,weav+ patt]ns1 #ad ,w+s symbol ( protection1 #aji ,wood1 imitation (1 #hi ,wood5 fram+1 #id ,wrea?s1 #hc ,zigzag l9es1 #ac ,pr9t$ 9 ,great ,brita9 by ,,unw9 ,,bro!rs1 ,,limit$1 ,,! ,,gre%am ,,press1 ,,wok+ ,,& ,,london ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,me?u5',s ,,g5]al ,,lit]ature ,illu/ration ,a ,,selection ,,( ,,messrs4 ,,me?u5',s ,,publications ,?is ,catalogue conta9s only a selection ( ! m important books publi%$ by ,messrs4 ,me?u54 ,a complete catalogue ( _! publications may be obta9$ on application4 ,,arm/rong 7,an?ony7 7#8,a4 ,a4' ( ,pun*7 ,,w>riors ,,at ,,ease ,,w>riors ,,/ill ,,at ,,ease ,,p]cival ,,& ,i ,,p]cival ,,at ,,play ,,me ,,& ,,frances ,,h[ ,,to ,,d ,,x ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,live/ock ,,9 ,,b>racks ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,%ep>d4 #fs4 net4 ,,two ,,legs ,,& ,,f\r ,illu/rat$ by ,,r5 ,,bull4 #es4 net4 ,,ba9 7,f4 ,w47 ,a ,,digit ,,( ,,! ,,moon ,,! ,,desc5t ,,( ,,! ,,sun ,a ,,heif] ,,( ,,! ,,dawn ,,9 ,,! ,,great ,,god',s ,,hair ,a ,,draught ,,( ,,! ,,blue ,,an ,,ess5ce ,,( ,,! ,,dusk ,,an ,,inc>nation ,,( ,,! ,,sn[ ,a ,,m9e ,,( ,,faults ,,! ,,a%es ,,( ,a ,,god ,,bubbles ,,( ,,! ,,foam ,a ,,syrup ,,( ,,! ,,bees ,,! ,,liv]y ,,( ,,eve ,,! ,,sub/ance ,,( ,a ,,dream ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,an ,,e*o ,,( ,,! ,,sph]es #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,balf\r 7,sir ,graham7 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,rob]t ,,l\is ,,/ev5son ,tw5tie? ,edition4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,b>k] 7,erne/7 ,,national ,,"* #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,greek ,,political ,,!ory #ads4 net4 ,,*ur*1 ,,/ate ,,& ,,/udy #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,belloc 7,hilaire7 ,,p>is #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,pyr5ees #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,m>ie ,,anto9ette #ahs4 net4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engl& ,9 #e ,vols4 ,vols4 ,i1 ,,ii & ,,iii ,ea* #aes4 net4 ,,on ,,no?+ ,,hills ,,& ,,! ,,sea ,,on ,,some?+ ,,?is ,,& ,,t ,,& ,,! ,,o!r ,,on ,,fir/ ,,& ,,la/ ,,on ,,ev]y?+ ,,on ,,any?+ ,,emmanuel ,,burd5 ,a ,,pick$ ,,company ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,birm+ham 7,george ,a47 ,a ,,wayf>] ,,9 ,,hung>y ,illu/rat$4 #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,spillik9s3 ,,essays #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,%ips ,,& ,,seal+-,,wax3 ,,essays #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,bleek 7,doro!a ,f47 ,,rock ,,pa9t+s ,,9 ,,s\? ,,africa ,illu/rat$4 #b #bs4 net4 ,,budge 7,sir ,e4 ,a4 ,wallis7 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,e?iopia3 ,,nubia ,,& ,,abyss9ia ,illu/rat$4 #b vols4 #c #acs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,*e/]ton 7,g4 ,k47 ,,come ,,to ,,?9k ,,( ,,x 444 #fs4 net4 ,g4,k4,c4 ,,z ,m4,c4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,ballad ,,( ,,! ,,:ite ,,horse #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,also ,illu/rat$ by ,,rob]t ,,au/94 #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,*>les ,,dick5s ,,g5]ally ,,speak+ ,,all ,,?+s ,,consid]$ ,,trem5d\s ,,trifles ,,fancies ,,v]sus ,,fads ,,al>ms ,,& ,,discursions ,a ,,miscellany ,,( ,,m5 ,,! ,,uses ,,( ,,div]sity ,,! ,,outl9e ,,( ,,sanity ,,! ,,fly+ ,,inn ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,a ,,gleam+ ,,cohort #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,w9e1 ,,wat] ,,& ,,song #as4 #f;d4 net4 ,,clutton-,,brock 7,a47 ,,:at ,,is ,,! ,,k+dom ,,( ,,heav58 ,,essays ,,on ,,art ,,%akespe>e',s ,,hamlet ,ea* #es4 net4 ,,essays ,,on ,,books #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,m ,,essays ,,on ,,books ,,essays ,,on ,,life ,,essays ,,on ,,religion ,,essays ,,on ,,lit]ature ,,& ,,life ,,m ,,essays ,,on ,,religion ,ea* #fs4 net4 ,,%elley1 ,,! ,,man ,,& ,,! ,,poet #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,crawley 7,erne/7 ,,! ,,my/ic ,,rose ,revis$ & ,enl>g$ by ,,!odore ,,be/]man4 #b vols4 #a #ajs4 net4 ,,/udies ,,( ,,savages ,,& ,,sex ,edit$ by ,,!odore ,,be/]man4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,davis 7,h4 ,w4 ,c47 ,,europe ,,f #hjj-aghi #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,d]w5t 7,"l7 ,,goya ,illu/rat$4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,dugdale 7,e4 ,t4 ,s47 ,,g]man ,,diplomatic ,,docum5ts1 #ahga-aiad ,select$ f ! ,docum5ts publi%$ by ! ,g]man ,=eign ,(fice4 ,9 #d vols4 ,vol4 ,i1 #ahga-ij4 ,vol4 ,,ii1 #ahia-h4 ,vol4 ,,iii1 #ahih-aiaj4 ,vol4 ,,iv1 #aiaa-aiad4 ,ea* #a #as4 net4 ,,edw>des 7,tickn]7 ,,! ,,lore ,,( ,,! ,,honey-,,bee ,illu/rat$4 #gs4 #f;d4 & #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,beekeep+ ,,= ,,all ,illu/rat$4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,bee-,,ma/] ,,( ,,w>ril[ ,illu/rat$4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,bee-,,keep+ ,,d',s ,,& ,,dont',s #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,e9/e9 7,alb]t7 ,,relativity3 ,,! ,,special ,,& ,,g5]al ,,!ory #es4 net4 ,,sidelights ,,on ,,relativity #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,mean+ ,,( ,,relativity #es4 net4 ,,! ,,br[nian ,,movem5t #es4 net4 ,,eisl] 7,rob]t7 ,,! ,,messiah ,,jesus ,,& ,,john ,,! ,,bapti/3 accord+ to ,flavius ,josephus' hi!rto neglect$ #8,capture ( ,j]usalem' & o!r ,jewi% & ,*ri/ian s\rces4 ,translat$ by ,a4 ,,hagg]ty ,,krappe4 ,illu/rat$4 ,demy #hvo4 #b #bs4 net4 ,,field 7,g4 ,c47 ,,moral ,,!ory #fs4 net4 ,,plato ,,& ,,8 ,,contempor>ies #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,fyleman 7,rose7 ,,fairies ,,& ,,*imneys ,,! ,,fairy ,,gre5 ,,! ,,fairy ,,flute ,,! ,,ra9b[ ,,cat ,,eight ,,little ,,plays ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,=ty ,,good-,,night ,,tales ,,fairies ,,& ,,fri5ds ,,! ,,adv5ture ,,club ,,=ty ,,good-,,morn+ ,,tales ,,sev5 ,,little ,,plays ,,= ,,*ildr5 ,,tw5ty ,,tea-,,"t ,,tales ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,dolls' ,,h\se ,illu/rat$ by ,,m>g>et ,,tempe/4 #es4 net4 ,,gay ,,g ,,up ,illu/rat$ by ,,decie ,,m]w94 #es4 net4 ,,! ,,rose ,,fyleman ,,fairy ,,book ,illu/rat$ by ,,hilda ,,mill]4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,a ,,g>l& ,,( ,,rose',s3 ,,collect$ ,,poems ,illu/rat$ by ,,r5 ,,bull4 #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,gibbon 7,edw>d7 ,,! ,,decl9e ,,& ,,fall ,,( ,,! ,,roman ,,empire ,) ,notes1 ,app5dixes & ,maps1 by ,j4 ,b4 ,,bury4 ,illu/rat$4 #g vols4 ,demy #hvo4 #aes4 net ea* volume4 ,also1 unillu/rat$4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #gs4 #f;d4 net ea* volume4 ,,glad/one 7,m>y7 7,mrs4 ,drew7 ,,h] ,,di>ies ,,& ,,lett]s ,illu/rat$4 #a #as4 net4 ,,glov] 7,t4 ,r47 ,,virgil ,,! ,,conflict ,,( ,,religions ,,9 ,,! ,,e>ly ,,roman ,,empire ,,poets ,,& ,,puritans ,ea* #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,f ,,p]icles ,,to ,,philip #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,graham 7,h>ry7 ,,! ,,_w ,,we ,,laugh ,,93 ,m ,deportm5tal ,ditties ,illu/rat$ by #8,,fi%'4 ,sev5? ,edition4 #es4 net4 ,,/ra9$ ,,relations ,illu/rat$ by ,h4 ,,/u>t ,,m5zies & ,,h5dy #fs4 net4 ,,! ,,_w',s ,,work]s ,illu/rat$ by #8,,f\gasse'4 #es4 net4 ,,adam',s ,,apples ,illu/rat$ by ,,john ,,reynolds4 #es4 net4 ,,grahame 7,k5ne?7 ,,! ,,w9d ,,9 ,,! ,,will[s ,n9ete5? ,edition4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,also illu/rat$ by ,,wyndham ,,payne4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,also unillu/rat$4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,see also ,milne 7,a4 ,a47 ,,hadfield 7,j4 ,a47 ,,psy*ology ,,& ,,morals ,eigh? ,edition4 ,cr[n #hvo4 #fs4 net4 ,,hall 7,h4 ,r47 ,,! ,,anci5t ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,ne> ,,ea/ ,illu/rat$4 #a #as4 net4 ,,! ,,civilization ,,( ,,greece ,,9 ,,! ,,bronze ,,age ,illu/rat$4 #a #ajs4 net4 ,a ,,season',s ,,"w ,,at ,,ur ,,( ,,! ,,*aldees4 ,illu/rat$4 #a #es4 net4 ,,heaton 7,rose ,h5nik]7 ,,! ,,p]fect ,,ho/ess ,decorat$ by ,a4 ,e4 ,,taylor #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,gift ,edition1 #a #as4 net4 ,,h]b]t 7,a4 ,p47 ,,honeybubble ,,co4 #fs4 net4 ,,mislead+ ,,cases ,,9 ,,! ,,common ,,law4 ,) an ,introduction by ,,"l ,,hew>t4 #es4 net4 ,,m ,,mislead+ ,,cases4 #es4 net4 ,,wisdom ,,= ,,! ,,wise ,illu/rat$ by ,,george ,,morr[4 #es4 net4 ,,! ,,:]e=e ,,& ,,! ,,:y ,illu/rat$ by ,,george ,,morr[4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,bomb] ,,gipsy #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,secret ,,battle #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,holdswor? 7,sir ,w4 ,s47 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,engli% ,,law ,n9e ,volumes4 #a #es4 net ea*4 ,,hudson 7,w4 ,h47 ,a ,,%eph]d',s ,,life ,illu/rat$4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,also unillu/rat$4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,hutton 7,edw>d7 ,,cities ,,( ,,sicily ,illu/rat$4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,milan ,,& ,,lomb>dy ,,! ,,cities ,,( ,,romagna ,,& ,,! ,,m>*es ,,si5a ,,& ,,s\!rn ,,tuscany ,,naples ,,& ,,s\!rn ,,italy ,illu/rat$4 ,ea* #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,a ,,wayf>] ,,9 ,,unkn[n ,,tuscany ,,! ,,cities ,,( ,,spa9 ,,! ,,cities ,,( ,,umbria ,,c\ntry ,,walks ,,ab\t ,,flor5ce ,,rome ,,flor5ce ,,& ,,nor!rn ,,tuscany ,,v5ice ,,& ,,v5etia ,illu/rat$4 ,ea* #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,+e 7,w4 ,r471 ,d4,d41 ,dean ( ,/4 ,paul's ,,*ri/ian ,,my/icism 7,! ,bampton ,lectures ( #ahii74 ,six? ,edition4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,kipl+ 7,rudy>d7 ,,b>rack-,,room ,,ballads #bee? ,?\s&4 ,,! ,,sev5 ,,seas #ahf? ,?\s&4 ,,! ,,five ,,nations #adcrd ,?\s&4 ,,dep>tm5tal ,,ditties #aag? ,?\s&4 ,,! ,,ye>s ,,betwe5 #ie? ,?\s&4 ,f\r ,editions ( ^! fam\s-volumes ( poems are n[ publi%$1 viz43-- ,cr[n #hvo4 ,buckram1 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,fcap4 #hvo4 ,clo?1 #fs4 net4 ,lea!r #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,s]vice ,edition4 ,two volumes ea* book4 ,squ>e ,fcap4 #hvo4 #cs4 net ea* volume4 ,a ,,kipl+ ,,an?ology--,,v]se ,six? ,edition4 ,lea!r #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,clo? #fs4 net & #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,tw5ty ,,poems ,,f ,,rudy>d ,,kipl+ #dhf? ,?\s&4 #as4 net4 ,a ,,*oice ,,( ,,songs ,second ,edition4 #bs4 net4 ,,lamb 7,*>les & ,m>y7 ,,! ,,complete ,,works ,edit$ by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas4 ,six ,volumes4 ,) ,frontispieces4 #fs4 net ea*4 ,,select$ ,,lett]s ,edit$ by ,g4 ,t4 ,,clapton4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,*>les ,,lamb ,,day ,,book ,compil$ by ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas4 #fs4 net4 ,,lanke/] 7,sir ,ray7 ,,sci5ce ,,f ,,an ,,easy ,,*air ,,sci5ce ,,f ,,an ,,easy ,,*air3 ,second ,s]ies4 ,,div]sions ,,( ,a ,,naturali/ ,,great ,,& ,,small ,,?+s ,illu/rat$4 ,ea* #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,secrets ,,( ,,e>? ,,& ,,sea ,illu/rat$4 #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,l9drum 7,walt]7 ,,billi>ds4 ,illu/rat$4 #fs4 net4 ,,lodge 7,sir ,oliv]7 ,,man ,,& ,,! ,,univ]se #gs4 #f;d4 net & #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,survival ,,( ,,man #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,raymond #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,raymond ,,revis$ #fs4 net4 ,,mod]n ,,problems #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,reason ,,& ,,belief #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,sub/ance ,,( ,,fai? #bs4 net4 ,,relativity #as4 net4 ,,conviction ,,( ,,survival #bs4 net4 ,,lucas 7,e4 ,v47 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,*>les ,,lamb #b ,vols4 #a #as4 net4 ,,! ,,colv9s ,,& ,,_! ,,fri5ds #a #as4 net4 ,,v]me] ,,! ,,magical #es4 net4 ,a ,,w&]] ,,9 ,,rome ,a ,,w&]] ,,9 ,,holl& ,a ,,w&]] ,,9 ,,london ,,london ,,revisit$ 7,revis$7 ,a ,,w&]] ,,9 ,,p>is ,a ,,w&]] ,,9 ,,flor5ce ,a ,,w&]] ,,9 ,,v5ice ,ea* #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,a ,,w&]] ,,among ,,pictures #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,e4 ,v4 ,,lucas',s ,,london #a net4 ,,introduc+ ,,london ,,introduc+ ,,p>is ,ea* #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,op5 ,,road #fs4 net4 ,also1 illu/rat$ by ,,claude ,a4 ,,%epp]son1 ,a4,r4,w4,s4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,also1 ,india ,pap]4 ,lea!r1 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,joy ,,( ,,life #fs4 net4 ,lea!r ,edition1 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,also1 ,india ,pap]4 ,lea!r1 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,g5tle/ ,,art #fs4 #f;d4 net4 ,& ,,! ,,second ,,po/ #fs4 net4 ,also toge!r 9 "o volume4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,fireside ,,& ,,sun%9e ,,"* ,,& ,,com$y ,,good ,,company ,,"o ,,day ,,& ,,ano!r ,,old ,,lamps ,,= ,,new ,,loit]]',s ,,h>ve/ ,,luck ,,( ,,! ,,ye> ,,ev5ts ,,& ,,embroid]ies ,a ,,frond$ ,,isle ,a ,,rov] ,i ,,w\ld ,,be ,,giv+ ,,& ,,receiv+ ,,h] ,,inf9ite ,,v>iety ,,enc\nt]s ,,& ,,div]sions ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,cl\d ,,& ,,silv] ,a ,,boswell ,,( ,,baghdad ',,twixt ,,eagle ,,& ,,dove ,,! ,,phantom ,,j\rnal ,,zigzags ,,9 ,,france ,,turn+ ,,?+s ,,ov] ,,travell]',s ,,luck ,ea* #fs4 net4 ,,fr5* ,,leaves ,illu/rat$4 #es4 net4 ,,rov+ ,,ea/ ,,& ,,rov+ ,,we/ #es4 net4 ,mr4 ,pun*'s ,,c\nty ,,songs ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,%ep>d4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 #8,,! ,,m ,i ,,see ,,( ,,m5 444' ,,out ,,( ,a ,,cle> ,,sky ,,if ,,dogs ,,c\ld ,,write #8444 ,,& ,,su* ,,small ,,de]' ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,pek9ese ,,national ,,an!m ,illu/rat$ by ,,p]sis ,,kirmse4 #as4 net4 ,see also ,lamb 7,*>les74 ,,lynd 7,rob]t7 ,,x',s ,a ,,f9e ,,_w #es4 net4 ,,! ,,gre5 ,,man ,,! ,,pleasures ,,( ,,ignorance ,,! ,,goldfi% ,,! ,,little ,,angel ,,! ,,blue ,,lion ,,! ,,peal ,,( ,,bells ,,! ,,money-,,box ,,! ,,orange ,,tree ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,mc,d,o,u,g,a,l,l 7,william7 ,,an ,,introduction ,,to ,,social ,,psy*ology #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,national ,,welf>e ,,& ,,national ,,decay #fs4 net4 ,,an ,,outl9e ,,( ,,psy*ology #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,an ,,outl9e ,,( ,,abnormal ,,psy*ology #aes4 net4 ,,body ,,& ,,m9d #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,"* ,,& ,,! ,,conduct ,,( ,,life #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,mod]n ,,mat]ialism ,,& ,,em]g5t ,,evolution #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,e?ics ,,& ,,"s ,,mod]n ,,_w ,,problems #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,mallet 7,sir ,c4 ,e47 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,univ]sity ,,( ,,ox=d ,9 #c vols4 ,ea* #a #as4 net4 ,,maet]l9ck 7,maurice7 ,,! ,,blue ,,bird #fs4 net4 ,also1 illu/rat$ by ,f4 ,,cayley ,,rob9son4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,our ,,et]nity #fs4 net4 ,,! ,,unkn[n ,,gue/ #fs4 net4 ,,poems #es4 net4 ,,! ,,wrack ,,( ,,! ,,/orm #fs4 net4 ,,! ,,burgoma/] ,,( ,,/ilemonde #es4 net4 ,,! ,,betro?al #fs4 net4 ,,m\nta9 ,,pa?s #fs4 net4 ,,! ,,great ,,secret #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,cl\d ,,t ,,lift$ & ,,! ,,p[] ,,( ,,! ,,dead #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,m>y ,,magdal5e #bs4 net4 ,,m>l[e 7,*ri/oph]7 ,,! ,,works4 ,9 #f volumes4 ,g5]al ,editor1 ,r4 ,h4 ,case4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,m>l[e1 by ,c4 ,f4 ,,tuck] ,,brooke1 & ,,dido4 ,edit$ by ! ,same4 #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,tamburla9e1 ,i ,,& ,,ii4 ,edit$ by ,u4 ,m4 ,,ellis-,,f]mor4 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,jew ,,( ,,malta & ,,! ,,massacre ,,at ,,p>is ,edit$ by ,h4 ,s4 ,,b5nett4 #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,masefield 7,john7 ,,on ,,! ,,spani% ,,ma9 #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,a ,,sailor',s ,,g>l& #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,sea ,,life ,,9 ,,nelson',s ,,"t #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,me?u5 7,sir ,a47 ,,an ,,an?ology ,,( ,,mod]n ,,v]se #bcbnd ,?\s&4 ,,%akespe>e ,,to ,,h>dy3 ,an ,an?ology ( ,engli% ,lyrics #bh? ,?\s&4 ,ea*1 ,clo?1 #fs4 net4 ,lea!r1 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,milne 7,a4 ,a47 ,,by ,,way ,,( ,,introduction #fs4 net4 ,,toad ,,( ,,toad ,,hall ,a ,play f\nd$ on ,k5ne? ,grahame's #8,! ,w9d 9 ! ,will[s4' #es4 net & #bs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,^? ,,7 ,,! ,,days3 ,collect$ ,/ories #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,n ,,t ,,x ,,matt]s ,,if ,i ,,may ,,! ,,sunny ,,side ,,! ,,r$ ,,h\se ,,my/]y ,,once ,a ,,week ,,! ,,holiday ,,r\nd ,,! ,,day',s ,,play ,,mr4 ,,pim ,,passes ,,by ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,:5 ,,we ,,7 ,,v ,,"y #baa? ,?\s&4 ,,w9nie-,,!-,,pooh #aah? ,?\s&4 ,,n[ ,,we ,,are ,,six #aai? ,?\s&4 ,,! ,,h\se ,,at ,,pooh ,,corn] #aje? ,?\s&4 ,ea* illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,%ep>d4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,lea!r1 #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,*ri/oph] ,,rob9 ,,/ory ,,book4 ,?ird ,edition4 ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,%ep>d4 #es4 net4 ,,! ,,*ri/oph] ,,rob9 ,,bir?day ,,book ,illu/rat$ by ,e4 ,h4 ,,%ep>d4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,milne 7,a4 ,a47 & ,,fras]-,,simson 7,h47 ,,f\rte5 ,,songs ,,f #8,,:5 ,,we ,,7 ,,v ,,"y' ,?irte5? ,edition4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,t$dy ,,be> ,,& ,,o!r ,,songs ,,f #8,,:5 ,,we ,,7 ,,v ,,"y' #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,k+',s ,,breakfa/ ,?ird ,edition4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,songs ,,f #8,,n[ ,,we ,,are ,,six' ,second ,edition4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,m #8,,v ,,"y' ,,songs #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,hums ,,( ,,pooh #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,words by ,a4 ,a4 ,,milne4 ,music by ,h4 ,,fras]-,,simson4 ,decorations by ,e4 ,h4 ,,%ep>d4 ,,morton 7,h4 ,v47 ,,! ,,he>t ,,( ,,london #bg? ,?\s&4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,also ) ,scissor ,cuts by ,l4 ,,hummel4 #fs4 net4 ,,! ,,spell ,,( ,,london #bj? ,?\s&4 ,,! ,,nights ,,( ,,london #ac? ,?\s&4 ,ea* #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,9 ,,se>* ,,( ,,engl& #fd? ,?\s&4 ,,! ,,call ,,( ,,engl& #ca/ ,?\s&4 ,,9 ,,se>* ,,( ,,scotl& #hf? ,?\s&4 ,,9 ,,se>* ,,( ,,irel& #cj? ,?\s&4 ,ea* illu/rat$4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,! ,,s\l ,,( ,,scotl& #as4 net4 ,,neuburg] 7,alb]t7 ,,! ,,te*nical ,,arts ,,& ,,sci5ces ,,( ,,! ,,anci5ts ,translat$ by ,h4 ,l4 ,,brose4 ,illu/rat$4 #b #bs4 net4 ,,oman 7,sir ,*>les7 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,w> ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,ages1 ,a4,d4 #cgh-adhe #b vols4 ,illu/rat$4 #a #afs4 net4 ,,/udies ,,9 ,,! ,,napoleonic ,,w>s #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,p]ry 7,w4 ,j47 ,,! ,,orig9 ,,( ,,magic ,,& ,,religion ,,! ,,gr[? ,,( ,,civilization ,ea* #fs4 net4 ,,! ,,*ildr5 ,,( ,,! ,,sun #a #as4 net4 ,,petrie 7,sir ,fl9d]s7 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,egypt ,9 #f ,volumes4 ,vol4 ,i4 ,,f ,,! ,,i/ ,,to ,,! ,,xvi? ,,dyna/y ,elev5? ,edition1 ,revis$4 #abs4 net4 ,vol4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,xvii? ,,& ,,xviii? ,,dyna/ies ,sev5? ,edition1 ,revis$4 #is4 net4 ,vol4 ,,iii4 ,,xix? ,,to ,,xxx? ,,dyna/ies ,?ird ,edition4 #abs4 net4 ,vol4 ,,iv4 ,,egypt ,,"u ,,! ,,ptolemaic ,,dyna/y ,by ,,edwyn ,,bevan4 #aes4 net4 ,vol4 ,v4 ,,egypt ,,"u ,,roman ,,rule ,by ,j4 ,g4 ,,milne4 ,?ird ,edition1 ,revis$4 #abs4 net4 ,vol4 ,,vi4 ,,egypt ,,9 ,,! ,,middle ,,ages ,by ,,/anley ,,lane ,,poole4 ,f\r? ,edition4 #ajs4 net4 ,,ponsonby ,,( ,,%ulbr$e 7,"l7 ,,engli% ,,di>ies #a #as4 net4 ,,m ,,engli% ,,di>ies #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,scotti% ,,& ,,iri% ,,di>ies #ajs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,rutt] 7,frank7 ,,el ,,greco4 ,illu/rat$4 #a #afs4 net4 ,,sell> 7,w4 ,c47 & ,,yeatman 7,r4 ,j47 #ajff ,,& ,,all ,,t ,illu/rat$ by ,,john ,,reynolds4 #cbnd ,?\s&4 #es4 net4 ,,/ev5son 7,r4 ,l47 ,,! ,,lett]s ,edit$ by ,sir ,,sidney ,,colv94 #d ,vols4 ,ea* #fs4 net4 ,,surtees 7,r4 ,s47 ,,h&ley ,,cross ,,mr4 ,,sponge',s ,,sport+ ,,t\r ,,ask ,,mamma ,,mr4 ,,facey ,,rom=d',s ,,h\nds ,,pla9 ,,or ,,r+lets8 ,,hill+don ,,hall ,ea* illu/rat$4 #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,jorrocks',s ,,jaunts ,,& ,,jollities ,,hawbuck ,,grange ,ea* illu/rat$4 #fs4 net4 ,,taylor 7,a4 ,e47 ,,plato3 ,,! ,,man ,,& ,,8 ,,"w #a #as4 net4 ,,plato3 ,,tim,,u ,,& ,,critias #fs4 net4 ,,elem5ts ,,( ,,metaphysics #abs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,tild5 7,william ,t47 ,,! ,,art ,,( ,,lawn ,,t5nis ,revis$ ,edition ,,s+les ,,& ,,d\bles ,ea* illu/rat$4 #fs4 net4 ,,! ,,common ,,s5se ,,( ,,lawn ,,t5nis ,,mat* ,,play ,,& ,,! ,,sp9 ,,( ,,! ,,ball ,ea* illu/rat$4 #es4 net4 ,,tile/on 7,m>y ,w47 ,,daily ,,/r5g? ,,= ,,daily ,,ne$s ,?irty-f\r? ,edition4 #cs4 #f;d4 net4 ,india ,pap]4 ,lea!r1 #fs4 net4 ,,trapp 7,oswald ,graf7 ,,! ,,arm\ry ,,( ,,! ,,ca/le ,,( ,,*urburg ,translat$ by ,j4 ,g4 ,,mann4 ,ri*ly illu/rat$4 ,limit$ to #djj copies4 #d #ads4 #f;d4 net4 ,,und]hill 7,evelyn7 ,,my/icism4 ,revis$ ,edition4 #aes4 net4 ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,! ,,_s ,,& ,,! ,,life ,,( ,,to-,,day #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,man ,,& ,,! ,,sup]natural #gs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,conc]n+ ,,! ,,inn] ,,life #bs4 net4 ,,! ,,h\se ,,( ,,! ,,s\l #bs4 net4 ,,v>don 7,h>ry7 ,,h[ ,,to ,,play ,,golf ,illu/rat$4 ,n9ete5? ,edition4 #es4 net4 ,,w& 7,j4 ,w4 ,c47 ,,! ,,developm5t ,,( ,,sacram5talism #fs4 net4 ,a ,,hi/ory ,,( ,,! ,,mod]n ,,*ur* #hs4 #f;d4 net4 ,,wilde 7,osc>7 ,,! ,,works ,9 #af ,vols4 ,ea* #fs4 #f;d4 net4 ,i4 ,,"l ,,ar?ur ,,savile',s ,,crime ,,& ,,! ,,portrait ,,( ,,mr4 ,w4 ,h4 ,,ii4 ,,! ,,du*ess ,,( ,,padua ,,iii4 ,,poems ,,iv4 ,,lady ,,w9d]m]e',s ,,fan ,v4 ,a ,,woman ,,( ,,no ,,importance ,,vi4 ,,an ,,ideal ,,husb& ,,vii4 ,,! ,,importance ,,( ,,be+ ,,e>ne/ ,,viii4 ,a ,,h\se ,,( ,,pomegranates ,,ix4 ,,int5tions ,x4 ,,de ,,pr(undis ,,& ,,prison ,,lett]s ,,xi4 ,,essays ,,xii4 ,,salome1 ,a ,,flor5t9e ,,trag$y1 & ,,la ,,sa9te ,,c\rtisane ,,xiv4 ,,select$ ,,prose ,,( ,,osc> ,,wilde ,,xv4 ,,art ,,& ,,decoration ,,xvi4 ,,= ,,love ,,( ,,! ,,k+ #es4 net4 ,,xvii4 ,,v]a1 ,,or ,,! ,,nihili/s ,,williamson 7,g4 ,c47 ,,! ,,book ,,( ,,famille ,,rose ,ri*ly ,illu/rat$4 #h #hs4 net4 ,me?u5 ,co4 ,ltd41 #cf ,essex ,/reet1 ,london1 ,w4,c4#b ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------- ,,transcrib]',s ,,notes #a4 ,sil5tly correct$ obvi\s typographical errors & v>iations 9 spell+4 #b4 ,reta9$ ar*aic1 non-/&>d1 & unc]ta9 spell+s z pr9t$4 #c4 ,enclos$ italics font 9 und]scores4