,,an ,,orig9al ,,!ory ,,or ,,new ,,hypo!sis ,,( ,,! ,,univ]se1 ,f\nd$ ^u ! ,,laws ( ,,nature1 ,,& ,,solv+ ,,by ,,ma!matical ,,pr9ciples ,,! ,g5]al ,phnom5a ( ! ,visible ,creation2 ,,& ,,p>ticul>ly ,! ,,via ,,lactea4 ,compris'd 9 ,n9e ,famili> ,lett]s f ! ,au?or to 8 ,fri5d4 ,& ,illu/rat$ ) upw>ds ( ,?irty ,grav5 & ,mezzot9to ,plates1 ,by ! ,be/ ,ma/]s4 ,by ,,?omas ,,wright1 ( ,durham4 ,"o ,sun by ,day1 by ,night t5 ,?\s& %9e1 ,& light u deep into ! ,deity4 ,dr4 ,"y4 ,,london3 ,pr9t$ = ! ,au?or1 & sold by ,h4 ,*apelle1 9 ,grosv5or-,/reet4 ,,mdccl4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,preface4 ,illu/ration ,,! ,au?or ( ! foll[+ ,lett]s hav+ be5 flatt]$ into a ,belief1 t !y may probably prove ( "s ,use1 or at lea/ ,amusem5t to ! ,_w1 he has v5tur$ to give !m1 at ! ,reque/ ( 8 ,fri5ds1 to ! ,publick4 ,8 *ief ,design w be f\nd an ,attempt t[>ds solv+ ! ,phnom5a ( ! ,via ,lactea1 & 9 consequ5ce ( t ,solution1 ! fram+ ( a regul> & rational ,!ory ( ! kn[n ,univ]se1 be=e unattempt$ by any4 ,b he is v s5sible h[ difficult a ,task x is to advance any new ,doctr9e ) ,success1 ^? :o h hi!rto attempt$ to propagate a/ronomical ,discov]ies 9 all ,ages1 h be5 b ill rew>d$ = _! ,lab\rs1 ?o' f9ally !y h prov$ ( ! greate/ ,b5efit & ,advantage to ,mank9d4 ,?is ungrateful ,lesson we le>n f ! ,fate ( ^? +5i\s ,m51 :o1 9 ignorant ,times1 h unju/ly suff]$ = _! sup]ior ,k & ,discov]ies2 !y :o fir/ conceiv$ ! ,e>? a ,ball1 7 treat$ only ) ,contempt = _! idle & ridicul\s ,supposition1 z x 0 call$2 & he :o fir/ attempt$ to expla9 ! ,antipodes1 lo/ 8 ,life by x2 b 9 ?is ,age ,philosoph]s h no?+ to fe> ( ?is sort1 ! great ,disadvantages att5d+ ,au?ors n[1 are ( a widely diff]5t ,nature1 ris+ f ! inf9ite ,numb] ( ,pret5d]s to ,k 9 ?is ,sci5ce1 & mu* is to be appreh5d$ f improp] ,judges1 ?o' f real ones no?+2 = no?+ is m c]ta9 ?an ?is1 z mu* z any ,subject exce$s ! common ,capacity ( ,read]s1 s mu* w ! ,"w 9 g5]al be condemn$2 ! ,air ( ,k is at lea/ 9 f9d+ ,fault1 & ?is va9 ,pret5ce g5]ally leads ,p1 :o h no real ,f\ndation = _! ,judgm5t to argue f1 to ridicule :at !y are too s5sible !y d n und]/&4 ,?us ! same ,disadvantages too (t5 att5d bo? 9 publick & private an exce$+ good ,production equally ! same z a v bad "o3 ,b ! ,au?or is n va9 en\gh to ?9k ?is ,"w )\t ,faults1 has r ,reason to fe>1 f ! ,weakness ( 8 own ,capacity1 t !re may be _m2 b he hopes ! ,design ( ! ,:ole w1 9 "s measure1 plead = ! ,imp]fection ( ! ,p>ts1 if ! ,m]its ( ! ,plan %\ld be f\nd insuffici5t = 8 full ,p>don1 9 attempt+ s ext5sive a ,subject4 ,9 a ,sy/em ?us naturally t5d+ to propagate ! ,pr9ciples ( ,virtue1 & v9dicate ! ,laws ( ,provid5ce1 we may inde$ say too little1 b _c surely say too mu*2 & to make any fur!r ,apology = a ,"w ( su* ,nature1 :]e ! ,glory ( ! ,div9e ,be+ ( c\rse mu/ be ! pr9cipal ,object 9 ,view1 w\ld be too l r5d]+ ,virtue acc\ntable to ,vice = any ,au?or to exp]t to b5efit by su* ,excuse4 ,! ,motive :i* induces u to ! ,attempt ( any ,p]=mance1 :]e no good ,reason c be suppos$ to be giv5 = ! ,omission1 or ,neglect ( x1 w always be judg$ an unnecess>y ,promulgation1 & consequ5tly e ,attempt t[>ds ! ,discov]y ( ,tru?1 ! ,enl>gem5t ( our ,m9ds1 & ! ,improvem5t ( our ,und]/&+s w naturally become a ,duty4 ,if !re=e ?is ,und]tak+ falls %ort ( be+ in/rum5tal t[>ds ! advanc+ ! ,adoration ( ! ,div9e ,be+ 9 8 inf9ite ,creation ( high] ,works1 & proves unable to answ] all ,objections t may possibly arise aga9/ x1 yet w its ,imp]fections appe> ( su* a ,nature to e c&id ,read]1 z to af=d ! ,au?or a suffici5t ,apology = produc+ !m to ! ,_w3 ,& x is to be hop$ f>!r1 t :]e a ,"w is entirely ^u a new ,plan1 & ! ,beg9n+1 z x 71 ( a new ,sci5ce1 be=e unattempt$ 9 any ,language1 ! ,au?or hav+ dug all 8 ,ideas f ! ,m9es ( ,nature1 is surely entitl$ to e k9d ( ,indulg5ce4 ,to ^? :o are weak en\gh to ?9k t su* ,enquiries z ^! are ov]-curi\s1 va91 & presumptive1 & w\ld will+ly1 suitable to _! own ,ignorance & ,compreh5sion1 set ,b\nds to o!r ,p's ,lab\rs1 ,i answ] ) ,mr4 ,huyg5s1 ,t if our ,=efa!rs _h be5 at ?is ,rate scrupul\s1 we might h be5 ignorant /ill ( ! ,magnitude & ,figure ( ! ,e>?2 or t !re 0 su* a ,place z ,am]ica4 ,we %\ld n h kn[n t ! ,moon is enlight5$ by ! ,sun's ,rays1 nor :at ! ,causes ( ! ,eclipses ( ea* ( !m are2 nor a ,multitude ( o!r ,?+s br\ght to ,light by ! late ,discov]ies 9 ,a/ronomy2 = :at c a ,man imag9e m ab/ruse1 or less likely to be kn[n1 ?an :at is n[ z cle> z ! ,sun4 ,_h we /ill paid t ,homage to a ,"n1 ,:i* only ,god & ,nature ju/ly claim2 ,! we/]n ,seas _h be5 our utmo/ ,b\nd1 ,:]e ,poets /ill might dream ! ,sun 0 dr[n'd2 ,& all ! ,/>s t %9e 9 ,s\!rn ,skies1 ,_h be5 admir'd by none b savage ,eyes4 ,dryd54 ,besides ! ,nobl5ess & ,pleasure ( ^! ,/udies1 ,wisdom & ,morality are naturally advanc$1 & mu* b5efit$ by !m1 & ev5 ,religion itself receives a d\ble ,lu/re1 to ! ,confusion ( ^? :o w\ld h ! ,e>?1 & all ,?+s =m$ by ! %uffl+ ,conc\rse ( ,atoms1 or to be )\t ,beg9n+4 ,9 ,a/ronomy1 z well z 9 natural ,philosophy1 ?\gh we _c positively affirm e ?+ we say to be ,facts & ,tru?1 yet 9 s noble & sublime a ,/udy z t ( ,nature1 x is glori\s1 z ,mr4 ,huyg5s says1 ev5 to arrive at ,probability4 ,not)/&+ !n ! ,disadvantages :i* ev] h att5d$ all new ,discov]ies1 ei!r ?ro' ! ,ignorance ( ! ,age1 or ! univ]sal ,passion ( ,ridicule 9 su* cont5t$ ,creatures1 z c't compreh5d1 yet ev] attack+ ) a fool-h>dy ,resolution1 ! advanc+ ,ensigns ( ,k1 if ,ignorance 0 ,virtue1 & ,wisdom ,vice2 ,i say1 reg>dless ( ?is noisy ,%ore1 x is sure our ,duty to spr+ =w>d1 & explore ! secret ,dep?s ( ,inf9ity1 & ! wond]ful hidd5 ,tru?s ( ?is va/ ,ocean ( ,be+s4 ,b h[ ! heav5ly ,bodies 7 made1 :5 !y 7 made1 & :at !y are made (1 & _m o!r ,?+s relat+ to _! ,entity1 ,nature1 & ,utility1 seems 9 our pres5t ,/ate n to be )9 ! ,rea* ( human ,philosophy2 b !n t !y d exi/1 h f9al ,causes1 & 7 orda9$ = "s wise ,end1 is evid5t beyond a ,d\bt1 & 9 ?is ,light mo/ wor?y ( our ,contemplation4 ,he :o ?ro' va/ ,imm5sity c pi]ce1 ,see ,worlds on ,worlds compose "o ,univ]se1 ,obs]ve h[ ,sy/em into ,sy/em runs1 ,:at o!r ,planets1 & :at o!r ,suns2 ,:at v>i$ ,be+ peoples ev'ry ,/>2 ,may tell :y ,heav'n made all ,?+s z !y are4 ,pope4 ,to expect t s new an ,hypo!sis %\ld meet ) univ]sal ,approbation1 w\ld be an unp>donable ,vanity2 nor is x reasonable e ,read] %\ld ?9k ! ,au?or oblig$ to remove all 8 ,prejudices & ,p>tialities1 s f> z to give him ! p]fect ,picture ( ! ,univ]se he likes be/4 ,9 _m ,cases x w\ld be s f> f be+ bett] = ! ,_w1 if all ,m5 judg$ & ?\ght alike1 t ,provid5ce seems r to h gu>d$ aga9/ x z an ,evil1 ?an any h[ to h promot$ x z a g5]al ,good3 ,b ! foll[+ ,!ory reg>ds ! ,:ole r ?an ,individuals3 ,& ! _m wor?y ,au?ors cit$ 9 ! ,"w1 :o h all greatly fav\r$ ?is ext5sive ,way ( ,?9k+1 w1 ,i hope1 be a suffici5t ,excuse = =m+ ^! obvi\s ,conjectures into a ,!ory1 especially :]e s great a ,problem is attempt$ z ! ,solution ( ! ,via ,lacteal ,phnom5on1 :i* has hi!rto be5 look$ ^u z an insurm\ntable ,difficulty4 ,h[ ! ,au?or has succe$$ 9 ?is ,po9t1 is a ,"q ( no great ,consequ5ce2 he has c]ta9ly done 8 be/2 ano!r1 no ,d\bt1 w d bett]1 & a ?ird p]haps1 by "s m rational ,hypo!sis1 may p]fect ?is ,!ory1 & r$uce ! ,:ole to infallible ,demon/ration3 ,! fir/ ,sy/em ( ! sol> ,planets 0 f> f a true "o1 b x l$ ! ,way to ,p]fection1 & ! la/ we c nev] too mu* admire4 ,x is well kn[n1 t ! fir/ ,sy/em ( ! ,planets 0 also b a ,conjecture1 yet none w d5y t x 0 an happy "o4 ,! ,discov]y ( ! ,magnet ,poles2 ! ,gov]nm5t ( ! ,tides2 proportional ,di/ance & ,p]iods ( ! ,planets1 c4 h all _! ,uses1 & und\bt$ly 7 design$ to be kn[n4 ,ignorance is ! ,disgrace ( ,mank9d1 & s9ks human ,nature almo/ to t ( ,reptiles4 ,k is its ,glory & ! di/+ui%+ ,*>act]i/ic ( rational ,creatures4 ,to ,enquiries ( ?is sort1 !n sure we may say ) ,milton1 ,t ,god's own ,e> li/5s delight$4 ,! ,subject is1 no ,d\bt1 ! noble/ 9 ,nature1 & z su*1 w always m]it ! ,att5tion ( ! ?9k+ ,"p ( ,mank9d4 ,m5 ( ,le>n+ & ,sci5ce1 9 all ,ages1 h ev] made x _! peculi> ,/udy4 ,t[>ds ! latt] ,end ( ! ,republic1 & aft]w>ds 9 ! m peaceable ,times ( ,trajan & ! ,pl9ys1 we h no ,reason to d\bt b t ,a/ronomy 0 9 ! highe/ ,reputation3 ,& not)/&+ ,greece _h be5 ! *ief ,seat ( ! ,philosoph]s1 yet may we suppose ,rome 9 ^? ,days little inf]ior 9 ! ,k ( ! ,/>s1 :5 we f9d ,m5,a ( ! fir/ ,figure 9 ,life become ,au?ors ^u ! ,subject4 ,footnote ,a3 ,cic]o translat$ ! ,phnom5a ( ,aratus into ,lat9 ,v]se4 ,julius ,cs>1 z ,pl9y relates1 wrote ( ,a/ronomy 9 ,greek1 & is said to h left sev]al ,books ( ! ,motion ( ! ,/>s beh9d him1 d]iv$ f ! ,doctr9e ( ! ,egyptians4 ,ant4 ,*ris4 #de4 ,he ) ,sosig5es re=m$ ! ,roman ,ye>1 :i* 0 fir/ inv5t$ by ,numa ,pompilius4 ,g]manicus ,cs> also translat$ ,aratus's ,phnom5a into ,lat9 ,v]se ,anno ,dom4 #ae4 ,tib]ius & ,hadrian are also said to h wrote on ,a/ronomy4 ,we h _m ,in/ances to %ew1 t ,a/ronomy 0 9 ! greate/ ,repute among/ ! ,anti5ts ( all ,ranks1 & almo/ e :]e look$ ^u z "o ( ! greate/1 if n z "o ( ! fir/ ,qualifications ( _! be/ ,m54 ,z a ,confirmation ( :i*1 we f9d 9 ! hi/orical ,acc\nts ( ! ,argives1 a v w>m ,conte/ betwixt ! two ,sons ( ,pelops #abje ,ye>s be=e ,*ri/1 ?us te/ifi$ by ,lucian3 ,:5 ! ,argives1 by publick ,cons5t1 _h decre$ t ! ,k+dom %\ld fall to him ( ! two1 :o %\ld manife/ himself ! mo/ le>n$ 9 ! ,k ( ! ,/>s1 ,?ye/es !reupon is said to h made kn[n to !m1 ! ,con/ellation1 or ,sign ( ! ,zodiack call'd ,aries3 ,b ,atreus at ! same "t discov]+ to !m ! ,c\rse ( ! ,sun1 ) 8 v>i\s ,ris+ & ,sett+1 demon/rat+ 8 ,motion to be ,bcontr>y to t ( ! ,heav5s1 or diurnal ,motion ( ! ,/>s1 0 !reupon elect$ ,k+4 ,footnote ,b3 ,h5ce arose ! ,fable ( ! ,sun's go+ backw>ds 9 ! ,days ( ,atreus1 z if /ruck ) ,abhorr5ce ( 8 bloody ,banquet4 ,vide ,ovid's ,metamorphosis4 ,to recite m ( ! mo/ em95t ,patrons & ,pr(essors ( ?is k9d ( ,le>n+ "h1 w c>ry me too f> f my pres5t ,purpose2 = f>!r ,in=mation !re=e1 ,i %all ref] ! inquisitive ,read]1 to t curi\s ,catalogue 9 ,%]burn's ,sph]e ( ,manilius1 :]e s _m rul+ ,c,m5 ( all ,ages & ,nations swell1 & illu/rate ! ,numb]4 ,footnote ,c3 ,sev5 ,emp]ors1 n9e ,k+s1 & z _m sov]eign ,pr9ces4 ,*>lemagne wrote ,ephem]ides1 & nam$ ! ,mon?s & ,w9ds 9 ,high ,dut*1 #ggj4 ,ri*4 ,,ii4 c4 ,9 a ,^w1 :5 we look ^u ! ,univ]se z a va/ ,inf9ity ( ,worlds1 act$ ^u by an et]nal ,ag5t1 & cr[d$ full ( ,be+s1 all t5d+ ?r\gh _! v>i\s ,/ates to a f9al ,p]fection1 & reflect ^u ! _m illu/ri\s ,p]sonages1 :o h1 f "t to "t1 ?\ght x a k9d ( ,duty to become ,obs]v]s1 & consequ5tly ,admir]s ( ?is /up5d\s ,sph]e ( prim>y ,bodies1 & dilig5t ,enquir]s into ! g5]al ,laws & ,pr9ciples ( ,nature1 :o c avoid be+ fill$ ) a k9d ( en?usia/ic ,ambition1 to be ackn[l$g$ "o ( ! ,numb]1 :o1 z x 71 by ?us add+ 8 ,atom to ! ,:ole1 humbly endeav\rs to contribute t[>ds ! due ,adoration ( its great & div9e ,au?or4 ,i judge x w be q unnecess>y to say any ?+ ab\t ! ,ord] ( ! ,"w1 s9ce t w\ld be only a ,repetition ( ! ,table ( ,cont5ts1 to :i* ! ,read] is ref]r$1 z to ! prop]e/ ,acc\nt t c "h be giv54 ,illu/ration ,,! ,,cont5ts4 ,,lett] ,,! ,,fir/4 ,conc]n+ ! ,op9ions ( ! mo/ em95t ,au?ors ^: ,s5tim5ts ^u ?is ,subject h be5 publi%$ 9 _! ,works4 ,page #a ,,lett] ,,! ,,second4 ,conc]n+ ! ,nature ( ,ma!matical ,c]ta9ty1 & ! v>i\s ,degrees ( ,moral ,probability prop] = ,conjecture4 #i ,,lett] ,,! ,,?ird4 ,conc]n+ ! ,nature1 ,magnitude1 & ,motion ( ! ,planet>y ,bodies r\nd ! ,sun4 #ah ,,lett] ,,! ,,f\r?4 ,( ! ,nature ( ! heav5ly ,bodies cont9u$1 ) ! ,op9ions ( ! ,anti5ts conc]n+ ! ,sun & ,/>s4 #bg ,,lett] ,,! ,,fif?4 ,( ! ,ord]1 ,di/ance1 & ,multiplicity ( ! ,/>s1 ! ,via ,lactea1 & ,ext5t ( ! visible ,creation4 #cg ,,lett] ,,! ,,six?4 ,( ,g5]al ,motion among/ ! ,/>s1 ! ,plurality ( ,sy/ems1 & ,innum]ability ( ,worlds4 #dh ,,lett] ,,! ,,sev5?4 ,! ,hypo!sis1 or ,!ory1 fully expla9$ & demon/rat$1 prov+ ! sid]eal ,creation to be f9ite4 #eh ,,lett] ,,! ,,eigh?4 ,( ,"t & ,space1 ) reg>d to ! kn[n ,objects ( ,imm5sity & ,duration4 #fg ,,lett] ,,! ,,n9?4 ,reflections1 by way ( ,g5]al ,scolia1 ( ,consequ5ces relat+ to ! ,immortality ( ! ,s\l1 & conc]n+ ,inf9ity & ,et]nity4 #gg ,directions = plac+ ! ,,plates4 ,plate4 ,page4 ,plate4 ,page4 ,i4 #aj ,,xvii4 #ea ,,ii4 #aa ,,xviii4 #eb ,,iii4 #af ,,xix4 #ef ,,iv4 #bj ,,xx4 ibid4 ,v4 ibid4 ,,xxi4 #fb ,,vi4 #bb ,,xxii4 #fc ,,vii4 ibid4 ,,xxiii4 #fd ,,viii4 ibid4 ,,xxiv4 ibid4 ,,ix4 #bb ,,xxv4 #fd ,x4 #bc ,,xxvi4 ibid4 ,,xi4 #ce ,,xxvii4 #fd ,,xii4 #ch ,,xxviii4 #fe ,,xiii4 ibid4 ,,xxix4 ibid4 ,,xiv4 #dj ,,xxx4 #gj ,,xv4 #db ,,xxxi4 #hc ,,xvi4 ibid4 ,,xxxii4 ibid4 ,"s ( ! ,pr9cipal ,,errata4 ,page ,l9e ! ,words ,read4 #b ult4 to cease relat+ ceas+ to relate #d #c ,phnom5on ,phnom5a #af #ae incomsible incompreh5sible #ba #ab compreh5d compreh5d+ #cc #bh comp>$ is comp>$ #cd #cg =m f #dc #bj volv+ revolv+ #di #bd immoveable moveable #fa #ai mu* mu* z #fb #bh ,,xxiii4 ,,xxi4 #fe #d :]e any :]e #fg #ae also all s #fi #bi "o our ,plate ,x4 read ! ,*>act]s ( ! ,planets 9 ?is ,ord] ,note3 ,transcrib] made ! corrections above 9 ! text4 ,a ,,li/ ,,( ,,! ,,subscrib]s4 ,a4 ,"l ,anson4 ,hon4 ,mr4 ,ar*]4 ,*>les ,ambl]1 ,esq4 ,b4 ,duke ( ,beau=t4 ,duke ( ,b$=d4 ,dut*ess ( ,beau=t4 ,"l ,b]kely1 ( ,/raton4 ,miles ,b>ne1 ,esq2 ,lancelot ,b>ton1 ,esq2 ,hon4 ,anto9e ,b5t9ck4 ,hon4 ,john ,b5t9ck4 ,norbone ,b]kely1 ,esq2 ,john ,br[n1 ,esq2 ---- ,blaman1 ,esq2 ,?omas ,br&1 ,esq2 ,j4 ,bevis1 ,m4 ,d4 ,rev4 ,t4 ,bonney1 ,a4 ,m4 ,c4 ,c\ntess ( ,cun5gesby4 ,"l ,cornwallis4 ,lady ,cornwallis4 ,edw>d ,cave1 ,esq2 ,john ,*amock1 ,esq2 ,hon4 & ,rev4 ,dr4 ,c[p]4 ,mr4 ,ri*>d ,*ad4 ,mr4 ,h5ry ,*apell4 ,is4 ,colepepp]4 ,mr4 ,george ,cony]s4 ,d4 ,rev4 ,john ,dealt>y1 ,a4 ,m4 ,mr4 ,samuel ,d5t4 ,f4 ,*>les ,fitzrea ,scudamore1 ,esq2 ,kean ,fitzg]ald1 ,esq2 ,?omas ,fonn]au1 ,esq2 ,rob]t ,rakes ,ful?orpe1 ,esq2 ,mr4 ,samuel ,f>rant4 ,mr4 ,paul ,f\rdr9i]4 ,g4 ,m>*ioness ,grey4 ,"l ,gl5or*y4 ,francis ,godolph91 ,esq2 ,rog] ,gale1 ,esq2 ,james ,gibbon1 ,esq2 ,ralph ,g[>d1 ,esq2 ,ralph ,g[l&1 ,esq2 ,ralph ,g[l&1 ,junior1 ,esq2 ,dr4 ,gregory4 ,dr4 ,griffi?4 ,rev4 ,john ,griffi?1 ,a4 ,m4 ,rev4 ,middlemore ,griffi?4 ,h4 ,"l ,h>dwick1 ,"l ,high ,*ancellor ( ,great-,brita94 ,hon4 ,james ,hamilton4 ,mr4 ,?omas ,hea?4 ,mr4 ,?omas ,holt4 ,john ,hughes1 ,esq2 ,j4 ,e>l ( ,j]sey4 ,ri*>d ,jackson1 ,esq2 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,jones4 ,k4 ---- ,kn[les1 ,esq2 ,dr4 ,k5drick4 ,mrs4 ,k5non1 #d4 ,l4 ,lady ,vic\ntess ,lim]ick4 ,sir ,william ,lee1 ,b>t4 ,william ,le/]1 ,esq2 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,long1 ,ma/] ( ,pembroke-hall1 ,cambridge4 ,william ,lloyd1 ,esq2 ,mr4 ,&rew ,lawr5ce4 ,m4 ,r4 ,j4 ,mead1 ,m4 ,d4 ,ri*>d ,meyrick1 ,m4 ,d4 ,ow5 ,meyrick1 ,esq2 ,pi]ce ,meyrick1 ,esq2 ,n4 ,duke ( ,norfolk4 ,"l ,nor?4 ,"l ,bi%op ( ,norwi*4 ,ri*>d ,ni*olls1 ,esq2 ,mrs4 ,norsa4 ,p4 ,duke ( ,portl&4 ,e>l ( ,pembroke1 c4 #b4 ,c\ntess ( ,pembroke1 c4 ,lady ,palm]/on4 ,rob]t ,money ,p5ny1 ,esq2 ,sir ,francis ,pool4 ,sir ,john ,pool4 ,john ,probyn1 ,esq2 ,rev4 ,mr4 ,pi]ce4 ,mr4 ,dom9ick ,pile4 ,mr4 ,p[el1 ( ,cambridge4 ,r4 ,dut*ess ( ,ri*mond1 c4 c4 ,james ,ralph1 ,esq2 ,allan ,ramsey1 ,esq2 ,william ,read1 ,esq2 #b4 ,h5ry ,reveley1 ,esq2 ,william ,reveley1 ,esq2 ,s4 ,sir ,george ,savile4 ---- ,s]le1 ,esq2 ,rev4 ,dr4 ,smi?1 ,ma/] ( ,tr9ity ,college1 ,cambridge4 ,miss ,/oneh\se4 ,william ,symonds1 ,esq2 ,mr4 ,james ,scot4 ,mr4 ,james ,/eph5s4 ,t4 ,"l ,visc\nt ,t[n%5d4 ,john ,temple1 ,esq2 ,james ,!obald1 ,esq2 ,*>les ,t[n%5d1 ,esq2 ,mrs4 ,m>y ,trevor4 ,mr4 ,james ,?ornton4 ,v4 ,"l ,visc\nt ,villi]s4 ,w4 ,lady ,frances ,williams4 ,miss ,williams4 ,miss ,*>lotta ,williams4 ,rev4 ,?omas ,:ite1 ,a4 ,m4 ---- ,:ite1 ,esq2 ,*>les ,l\is ,wi$m>kt]1 ,esq2 ,mr4 ,w>d4 ,y4 ,hon4 ,philip ,york4 ,dr4 ,ar?ur ,"y1 ,preb4 ( ,cant4 ,illu/ration ,,lett] ,,! ,,fir/4 ,op9ions ( ! mo/ em95t ,au?ors ^: ,s5tim5ts on ! foll[+ ,subject h be5 publi%$ 9 _! ,works4 ,,sir1 ,reflect+ ^u ! agreeable ,conv]sation ( our la/ ,meet+1 :i* y may rememb] *iefly turn$ ^u ! ,/>s1 & ! ,nature ( ! planet>y ,bodies2 a ,subject1 :i* is g5]ally all[$ to give true ,pleasure to all ^? :o take ,delight 9 ma!matical ,enquiries2 & hav+ n a little ,reg>d to ! repeat$ ,reque/ 9 y\r late ,lett]s1 ,i h at l5g? und]tak5 to expla9 to y1 z f> z ,i am able1 my ,!ory ( ! ,univ]se1 & ! ,ideas ,i h =m'd ( ! kn[n ,creation4 ,! ,hypo!sis ^u :i* ?is new ,a/ronomy is f\nd$1 & n[ r$uc$ into a regul> ,sy/em1 0 ! result ( my ,a/ronomical ,/udies,d full fifte5 ye>s ago1 h5ce ,i hope y w all[1 ,i h m ?an obs]v$ ,horace's celebrat$ ,aphorism1 ,nonumque prematur 9 annum4 ,footnote ,d3 ,! fir/ ,s*eme ( ?is ,hypo!sis 0 plann'd 9 ! ,ye> #agcd1 repres5t+ 9 a ,section ( ! ,creation1 eighte5 ,feet long & "o broad1 sev]al ?\s& ,worlds & ,sy/ems1 & a great ,numb] ( emblematical ,figures1 n[ 9 ! ,au?or's ,possession1 toge!r ) a ,s*eme ( ! entire ,creation1 complet$ s9ce1 n9e ,feet long & six broad1 m fully illu/rat+ ^u ! same ,con/ruction ! ,innum]ability ( ,sy/ems & ,worlds4 ,! ,subject1 ,i h (t5 obs]v$1 y h li/5$ to ) a pleas$ ,att5tion1 & ,i am ! m inc\rag$ to expla9 x at l>ge to y1 z ,i am p]swad$ y don't want to be conv9c$ ( its valuable ,uses & ,importance4 ,i rememb] y h (t5 told me1 t to apply ourselves to ! ,/udy ( ,nature1 0 ! sure/ & readie/ ,way to come at any tol]able ,k ( ourselves1 h[ev] difficult ! ,task might prove ei!r 9 ! ,attempt1 or ! atta9+ x1 & ! less to be neglect$1 z x nev] fails to introduce a prop] ,k ( ! ,div9e ,be+1 z a c]ta9 ,consequ5ce along ) x1 & su* a ,k1 z w naturally make e ,man1 :o has b a tol]able ,%>e ( common ,s5se1 & is n a ,slave to ano!r's ,reason1 )\t any o!r ,evid5ce or ,motive1 9 all ,/ations1 & "u all ,circum/ances1 ,act ju/ly1 ,live *e>fully1 & die full ( ,hope 9 ! ,expectation ( a happy ,sequel1 9 ,futurity4 ,et]nity is writt5 9 ! ,skies3 ,mank9d's ,et]nity1 nor ,fai? alone2 ,virtue gr[s !re ---- ,dr4 ,"y4 ,a le>n$ ,au?or on ! ,attributes1 recomm5d+ ^! ,/udies z a reasonable & moral ,s]vice1 says1 ,sure1 x is mo/ becom+ su* imp]fect ,creatures z we are1 to contemplate ! ,works ( ,god ) ?is ,design1 t we may disc]n ! ,manife/ations ( ,wisdom 9 !m2 & !reby excite 9 ourselves ^? dev\t ,affections1 & t sup]lative ,respect1 :i* is ! v ,ess5ce ( ,praise4 ,:o turns 8 ,eye1 on hese :eel+ ,globes ,b mu/ enquire ---- :at ,h& beh9d ! ,sc5e1 ,:at ,arm ,almighty1 put ^! :eel+ ,globes ,9 ,motion1 & w\nd up ! va/ ,ma*9e8 ,! en*ant+ ,idea ,milton _h ( ! ,subjects ( ,a/ronomy ^: truly sublime ,way ( ?9k+ & writ+ p]haps 0 nev] s ne>ly equall$1 or attempt$ be=e ?is ,rev]5d ,au?or's ,night-,?\ghts1 appe>'d is f9ely %ewn 9 ! ,eigh? ,book ( 8 ,p>adise ,lo/1 :]e he makes 8 ,adam1 s e>ne/ly att5tive to ! ,angel ,gabriel1 z ceas+ to relate ! ,my/]ies ( ,creation4 ,! ,angel end$1 & 8 ,adam's ,e> ,s *>m+ left 8 ,voice1 t he a:ile ,?\ght him /ill speak+2 /ill /ood fix'd to he>4 ,milton's own ,ideas ( ! ,univ]se too1 :i* no d\bt he _h ga!r$ f a/ronomical ,au?ors1 & _h reconcil$ himself to1 we are fully made acqua9t$ ) 9 ! same ,book1 :]e ! ,ar*-angel says1 9 answ] to ,adam's ,enquiries4 ----,o!r ,suns p]haps ,) _! att5dant ,moons ?\ wilt descry ,communicat+ ,male & ,female ,light1 ,:i* two great ,sexes animate ! ,_w1 ,/or'd 9 ea* ,orb1 p]haps ) "s t live3 ,= su* va/ ,room 9 ,nature1 unposse/ ,by liv+ ,s\l1 des]t & desolate1 ,only to %9e1 yet sc>ce to contribute ,ea* ,orb a ,glimpse ( ,light1 convey'd s f> ,d[n to ?is habitable1 :i* returns ,light back to !m1 is obvi\s to ,dispute4 ,b be=e ,i presume to plan my own ,discov]ies & ,conjectures into a ,!ory1 bo? 9 ,ju/ice to ^? :o h 9 "s measure be5 9 ! same ,way ( ,?9k+1 & also z a ,def5ce ( myself = produc+ s new an ,hypo!sis to ! ,_w1 :i* o!rwise 7?\gh any ,apology made to y ,i "k w be unnecess>y7 may appe> to too _m b an idle ,*im]a ( my own4 ,i judge x w be highly prop]1 by way ( /r5g!n+ my own ,argum5ts1 & add+ m ,weight to :at ,i %all myself advance 9 ! foll[+ ,lett]s1 to give y 9 ?is ! ,op9ions ( ! mo/ able ,writ]s1 ^: ,works ,i h read ^u ! ,subject4 ,i mean s f> z relates to ! n[ g5]al receiv$ ,notion1 t ! ,/>s are all ,suns1 & surr\nd$ ) planet>y ,bodies1 ) :i* ,i %all set out2 & %ew y1 x is n a ,?+ m]ely tak5 = grant$1 b has ev] be5 ! concurr5t ,notion ( ! ,le>n$ ( all ,nations1 z %all be fur!r %ewn1 9 its prop] ,place1 & z ne>ly z ,possibility w admit (1 demon/rat$ to be ,tru?4 ,! foll[+ is an ,extract f ,mr4 ,tol&1 9 8 ,acc\nt ( ! ,works ( ,jordanus ,bruno4 ,! ,div9e ,efficacy 7says ?is ,au?or 9 8 inf9ite ,creation7 _c /& idle1 )\t ! ,want ( ,w or ,p[]2 b any ,imbecility 9 su* a ,be+ argues ,imp]fection1 & s9ce any f9ite ,produce comp>$ ) ,inf9ity is z no?+1 or r z ! ,beg9n+ ( ,good1 x mu/ be no less idle1 & invidi\s 9 produc+ a f9ite ,effect1 ?an 9 produc+ none at all4 ,h5ce1 z all ,f9ites1 s+ly consid]$1 are b z ,comm5cem5ts ( some?+ m to be expect$4 ,omnipot5ce1 9 mak+ ! ,creation f9ite1 w appe> to be no less blameable = n be+ will+1 ?an = n be+ able1 to make x o!rwise2 i4 e4 inf9ite1 z be+ an inf9ite ,ag5t ^u a f9ite ,subject1 :i* is repugnant to ,reason4 ,x foll[s !n t1 ,creation mu/ be n only ext5sively1 b int5sively indef9ite1 & beyond ! ,rea* ( ! human ,und]/&+ to compreh5d2 & t ! "o is z necess>y z ! o!r1 i4 e4 an inf9ite ,expanse is z reconcileable to our ,reason1 z inf9ite ,p>ts are to our ,s5ses4 ,all ! ,attributes ( ! ,div9e ,be+ are1 z any "o ( !m1 incompreh5sible to 8 ,creatures2 :y %\ld our ,imag9ation !n be suppos$ to ext5d beyond ! div9e ,activity8 ,?us1 adds ! above ,au?or1 ! ,excell5cy ( ,god is adequately magnifi$1 & ! ,gr&eur ( 8 ,empire made manife/2 he is n glorifi$ 9 "o1 b 9 numb]less ,suns2 n 9 "o ,e>?1 or 9 "o ,_w1 b 9 t5 ?\s& ?\s& ( inf9ite ,globes4 ,an inf9ite ,repres5tation ( an inf9ite ,orig9al1 & a ,spectacle befitt+ ! ,excell5cy & ,em95ce ( him1 t c nei!r be fully conceiv$1 imag9$1 or compreh5d$4 ,:at read we "h8 ?' ,exi/5ce ( a ,god8 ,yes1 & ( o!r ,be+s1 ,man above1 ,natives ( !r6 ,sons ( high] ,climes6 ,dr4 ,"y4 ,if ! ,exi/5ce ( ?is "o ,_w be good or conv5i5t1 x is n less good or conv5i5t t !re be inf9ite o!rs l x4 ,! inf9ite effici5t ,cause w\ld be absolutely defective1 )\t an inf9ite ,effect2 & besides1 by conceiv+ ! ,inf9ity ( ! ,univ]se & innum]able ,be+s1 ! ,und]/&+ re/s satisfi$1 & is reconcil$ ) ! ,idea ( an ,et]nity2 :]eas1 by ass]t+ ! contr>y1 x is unavoidably plung$ into innum]able ,difficulties1 & unsolvable ,inconv5i5cies1 ,p>adoxes1 & ,absurdities4 ,aga91 says ! same ,writ]1 ,did we b consid] & compreh5d all ?is1 oh6 to :at mu* fur!r ,consid]ations & ,compreh5sions %\ld we be c>ri$6 z we might be sure to obta9 t ,happ9ess by virtue ( ?is ,sci5ce1 :i* 9 o!r ,sci5ces is s\ght aft] 9 va94 ,?is ,prospect va/1 :at is x8 weigh'd aright1 ',tis ,nature's ,sy/em ( ,div9ity1 ,& e ,/ud5t ( ! ,night inspires4 ,dr4 ,"y4 ',tis eld] ,scripture1 writ by ,god's own ,h&2 ,scripture au!ntic6 uncorrupt by ,man4 ,?is !n is t ,philosophy1 :i* op5s ! ,s5ses1 :i* satisfies ! ,m9d1 :i* enl>ges ! ,und]/&+1 & :i* leads ,mank9d to ! only true ,beatitude1 :]e( !y are capable accord+ to _! natural ,/ate & ,con/itution2 = x frees u f ! sollicit\s ,pursuit ( ,pleasure1 & f ! anxi\s ,appreh5sions ( ,pa91 mak+ u to enjoy ! good ,?+s ( ! pres5t ,h\r1 & n to fe> m1 ?an we hope f ! future2 s9ce t same ,provid5ce1 or ,fate1 or ,=tune1 :i* causes ! ,vicissitudes ( our p>ticul> ,be+1 w n let u "k m ( ! "o1 ?an we are ignorant ( ! o!r4 ,& f>!r1 ,f ^! ,contemplations1 if we d b rightly consid]1 x w foll[1 t we ought nev] to be dispirit$ by any /range ,accid5ts1 ?r\gh ,excess ( ,fe> or ,pa91 nor ev] be elat$ by any prosp]\s ,ev5t1 ?r\gh ,excess ( ,hope or ,pleasure2 :5ce we h ! ,pa? to true ,morality1 & foll[+ x1 we %all ( c\rse become ! magnanim\s ,despis]s ( :at ,m5 ( weak ,m9ds fondly ,e/eem1 & be wise ,judges ( ! ,hi/ory ( ,nature1 :i* w\ld be writt5 9 our ,m9ds1 & consequ5tly be *e>ful & /rict ,execution]s ( ! div9e ,laws1 :i* w\ld ?us be +rav$ 9 ! ,c5t] ( our ,he>ts4 ,seek+1 z x 71 9 ourselves1 an ,approbation ( our own ,action1 :i* alone is capable ( true ,cont5t & ,happ9ess4 ,*ri/oph] ,huyg5s1,e ,footnote ,e3 ,! ,p5dulum ,clock2 ! fir/ ,discov]y ( ,jupit]'s ,satellites1 & ,saturn's ,r+4 ,to :om ! ,_w is mu* indebt$ = _m curi\s ,inv5tions1 & ,discov]ies1 says 9 8 ,planet>y ,worlds1 ,i mu/ be ( ! same ,op9ion ) all ! great ,philosoph]s ( our ,age1 t ! ,sun is ( ! same ,nature ) ! fix'd ,/>s2 & ?is w give u a great] ,idea ( ! ,_w ?an all o!r ,op9ions c4 ,= !n :y may n e "o ( ^! ,/>s1 or ,suns1 h z great a ,ret9ue1 z our ,sun1 ( ,planets1 ) _! ,moons to wait ^u !m8 ,nay1 !re is a manife/ ,reason :y !y %\ld2 =1 if we imag9e ourselves plac$ at an equal ,di/ance f ! ,sun & fix'd ,/>s1 we %\ld !n p]ceive no ,diff]5ce at all betwixt !m4 ,:y !n may we n make use ( ! same ,judgm5t t we w\ld 9 t ,case2 & conclude1 t our ,/> has no bett] ,att5dance ?an ! o!rs8 ,s t :at we all[$ ! ,planets ^u ! ,acc\nt ( our enjoy+ x1 we mu/ likewise grant to all ^? ,planets t surr\nd t prodigi\s ,numb] ( ,suns4 ,!y mu/ h _! ,plants & ,animals1 nay1 _! rational ,creatures too1 & ^? z great ,admir]s & z dilig5t ,obs]v]s ( ! ,heav5s z ourselves2 & mu/ consequ5tly enjoy :atev] is subs]vi5t to1 & requisite = su* ,k4 ,:at a wond]ful & amaz+ ,s*eme h we "h ( ! magnific5t ,va/ness ( ! ,univ]se6 ,s _m ,suns1 s _m ,e>?s1 & e "o ( !m /ock'd ) s _m ,h]bs1 ,trees1 & ,animals1 & adorn$ ) s _m ,seas & ,m\nta9s6 ,& h[ mu/ our ,wond] & ,admiration be increas$1 :5 we consid] ! prodigi\s ,di/ance & ,multitude ( ! ,/>s8 ,! ,op9ion ( ,sir ,isaac ,newton4 ,?is great ,au?or1 9 8 gr& ,s*olia to ! ,pr9cipia1 says3--,! mo/ beautiful ,sy/em ( ! ,sun1 ,planets1 & ,comets1 c\ld only proce$ f ! ,c\nsel & ,dom9ion ( an intellig5t & p[]ful ,be+3 ,& if ! fix'd ,/>s are ! ,c5t]s ( o!r l ,sy/ems1 ^!1 be+ =m'd by ! l wise ,c\nsel1 mu/ be all subject to ! ,dom9ion ( ,"o2 especially1 s9ce ! ,light ( ! fix'd ,/>s is ( ! same ,nature ) ! ,light ( ! ,sun1 & f e ,sy/em ,light passes into all ! o!r ,sy/ems4 ,& lea/ ! ,sy/ems ( ! fix'd ,/>s %\ld by _! ,gravity fall mutually on ea* o!r1 he 7! ,div9e ,be+7 ha? plac$ ^? ,sy/ems at imm5se ,di/ances f "o ano!r4 ,! ,op9ion ( ,dr4 ,d]ham1 9 8 ,a/ro-,!ology4 ,! new ,sy/em1 says he1 suppose? !re are _m o!r ,sy/ems ( ,suns & ,planets1 besides t1 9 :i* we h our ,resid5ce2 namely1 t e fix'd ,/> is a ,sun1 & incompass$ ) a ,sy/em ( ,planets1 bo? prim>y & second>y1 z well z ours4 ,^! sev]al ,sy/ems ( ! fix$ ,/>s1 z !y are at a great & suffici5t ,di/ance f ! ,sun & u2 s !y are imag9$ to be at z due1 & regul> ,di/ances f "o ano!r3 ,by :i* means x is t ^? ,multitudes ( fix$ ,/>s appe> to u ( diff]5t ,magnitudes1 ! ne>e/ to u l>ge2 ^? f>!r & f>!r1 less & less2 & t "s1 if n all ( ^? va/ ,globes ( ! ,univ]se1 h a ,motion1 is manife/ to our ,sight1 & may easily be conclud$ ( all1 f ! con/ant ,similitude & ,cons5t t ! ,works ( ,nature h ) "o ano!r4 ,to ?is we may add1 t ?is ,sy/em ( ! ,univ]se1 z x is physically demon/rable1 is f> ! mo/ rational & probable ( any4 ,because1 ,x is f> ! mo/ magnific5t ( any1 & wor?y ( an inf9ite ,creator1 ^: ,p[] & ,wisdom1 z !y are )\t ,b\nds & ,measure1 s may !y1 9 all ,probability1 ex]t !mselves 9 ! ,creation ( _m ,sy/ems z well z "o4 ,& z ,myriads ( ,sy/ems are m = ! ,glory ( ,god1 & m demon/rate 8 ,attributes ?an "o2 s x is no less probable ?an possible1 !re may be _m besides ?is :i* we h ! ,privilege ( liv+ 94 ,& z ! /ronge/ ,confirmation ( ?is1 we see x is really s1 z f> z x is possible x c be disc]n$ by u1 at su* imm5se ,di/ances z ^? ,sy/ems ( ! fix$ ,/>s are f u2 & we _c reasonably expect m4 ,s9ce ! ,sun & fix'd ,/>s1 says ,dr4 ,gregory1 are ! only great ,bodies ( ! ,univ]se t h any native ,light1 !y are ju/ly e/eem$ by ,philosoph]s to be ( ! same ,k9d1 & design$ = ! same ,uses2 & x is ! ,effect ( a ,man's ,temp] t sets a great] ,value ^u 8 own ,?+s ?an he ought1 t makes him judge ! ,sun to be ! bigge/ ( !m all4 ,t1 z an elegant,f ,writ] obs]ves1 :i* we call ! ,morn+1 or ! ,ev5+ ,/>1 is1 9 reality1 a ,planet>y ,_w2 :i*1 ) ! f\r o!rs1 t s wond]fully1 z ,milton expresses x1 v>y _! my/ick ,dance1 are 9 !mselves d>k ,bodies1 & %9e only by ,reflection2 h ,fields & ,seas1 & ,skies ( _! own2 are furni%$ ) all ,accommodations = animal ,subsi/5ce1 & are suppos$ to be ! ,abodes ( intellectual ,life4 ,aga91 ,! ,sun1 ) all its att5dant ,planets is b a v little ,"p ( ! gr& ,ma*9e ( ! ,univ]se4 ,e ,/>--is really a va/ ,globe1 l ! ,sun1 9 ,size & 9 ,glory1 no less spaci\s1 no less lum9\s1 ?an ! radiant ,s\rce ( our ,day2 s t e ,/> is ! ,c5t] ( a magnific5t ,sy/em1 has a ,ret9ue ( ,worlds irradiat$ by its ,beams1 & revolves r\nd its active ,influ5ce2 all :i* are lo/ to our ,sight 9 immeasurable ,tracts ( !r4 ,footnote ,f3 ,contemplations on ! />ry ,heav5s4 ,c\ld we1 says ! same ,au?or1 w+ our ,way to ! highe/ app>5t ,/>--we %\ld !re see o!r ,skies exp&$1 o!r ,suns1 t di/ribute _! inexhau/ible ,beams ( ,day2 o!r ,/>s1 t gild ! alt]nate ,night2 & o!r p]haps nobl] ,sy/ems e/abli%$2 e/abli%$ 9 unkn[n ,pr(usion1 ?r\gh ! b\ndless ,dim5sions ( ,space4 ,nor does ! ,dom9ion ( ! great ,sov]eign end !re1 ev5 at ! ,end ( ?is va/ ,t\r1 we %\ld f9d ourselves advanc$ no f>!r ?an ! ,fronti]s ( ,creation2 arriv$ only at ! ,suburbs ( ! great ,jehovah's ,k+dom4 ,o = a ,telescope 8 ,?rone to rea*6 ,tell me ye ,le>n'd on ,e>?6 or ,ble/ above6 ,ye se>*+1 ye ,newtonian ,angels6 tell1 ,:]e y\r great ,ma/]s ,orb8 ,8 ,planets :]e8 ,^? consci\s ,satellites1 ^? ,morn+ ,/>s1 ,fir/-born ( ,deity f c5tral ,love4 ,dr4 ,"y4 ,_m o!r ,au?orities might be produc$ f ,writ]s ( great ,repute1 7 x necess>y to tr\ble y ) !m,g2 b ,i believe ^? above w be abundantly suffici5t = ! pres5t ,purpose1 if ev5 an ,apology 7 want+ = my own ,conjectures4 ,i %all !re=e conclude ?is ,lett] ) ! foll[+ ,passage out ( ,pope's ,univ]sal ,pray]1 & 9 my next %all proce$ 9 ! ,"w ,i h und]tak54 ,yet n to ,e>?'s contract$ ,span1 ,?y ,goodness let me b\nd2 ,or ?9k !e ,"l alone ( ,man1 ,:5 ?\s& ,worlds are r\nd4 ,i am1 c4 ,footnote ,g3 ,p>ticul>ly f ,font5elle1 c4 ,,lett] ,,! ,,second4 ,conc]n+ ! ,nature ( ,ma!matical ,c]ta9ty1 & ! v>i\s ,degrees ( ,moral ,probability prop] = ,conjecture4 ,,sir1 ,y "k h[ mu* ,i am an ,enemy to ! tak+ ( any ?+ = grant$1 m]ely because a ,p]son ( reput$ ,judgm5t1 has be5 he>d to say1 x absolutely is s2 an ,ipse dixit1 & implicit ,fai? 9 "s ,cases1 may be bo? necess>y & useful2 b "h1 9 ,a/ronomy1 ,i mean1 e ,man's ,reason1 by ! ,help ( a v little ,ma!maticks1 is able to br+ wond]ful ,tru?s to ,light )\t !m2 & ,tru?s n only ( ! highe/ ,importance to e ,individual1 b ( a great & common ,consequ5ce to all ,mank9d3 ,& z su*1 9 all ,ages ( ! ,_w1 h be5 judg$ wor?y to be enquir$ into1 by ! be/ & wise/ ( ,philosoph]s4 ,y are likewise v s5sible h[ f> ! human ,und]/&+ is ev5 at ! be/1 f be+ infallible1 & don't want to be told1 h[ difficult x is 9 a ,subject ( ?is ,nature to arrive at any tol]able ,degree ( ,c]ta9ty1 :i* be=e ! ,days ( ! sagaci\s ,euclid1 & ! p5etrat+ ,ar*im$es1 0 a ,?+ n to be expect$4 ,& _m ?+s :i* 7 !n b b>ely ,objects ( ,conjecture & ,probability1 h s9ce be5 demon/rat$ to be infallibly true4 ,"t & ,obs]vation w und\bt$ly1 at la/1 discov] e ?+ to u necess>y to our ,natures1 & prop] = u to "k4 ,z a ,pro( ( :i*1 we see human ,wisdom daily increases2 & :ile a ,capacity cont9ues to make ourselves /ill m acqua9t$ ) ! manife/ ,wisdom & ,p[] ( ,god 9 ! ,works ( 8 ,creation1 :o is to tell u :]e to /op our ,enquiries8 ,or :o is s impi\s to set ,b\nds to a ,sci5ce1 :i* s evid5tly spreads ?r\gh all ,inf9ity1 ! ,attributes ( ,god1 & an et]nal ,basis = future ,hope8 ,?is ,bran*1 or r ,body ( ,a/ronomy1 ,i believe y w f9d to be q new2 & ?\gh evid5t ,tru?s1 are ! pr9cipal ,?+ to be reg>d$ 9 x1 yet z be+ 9 its infant ,/ate1 :]e l9eal ,demon/ration fails1 z 9 "s ,cases x _c be o!rwise1 ,i hope y w give me ,leave to make use ( a weak] ,way ( ,reason+1 to conv9ce y ( ! ,po9t 9 ,dispute1 ,i mean ( t by ! ,analogy ( kn[n & natural ,?+s4 ,i %all be extremely unwill+ to affirm any ?+ = a ,fact1 or ,tru?1 )\t he>+1 if n ! real ,evid5ce1 at lea/ a plausible ,reason1 next to a ,conviction1 or moral ,c]ta9ty1 along ) x2 & !re=e ,i w "h endeav\r to expla9 to y :at ,i mean by moral ,c]ta9ty & also by ma!matical ,pro(4 ,ma!matical ,pro(1 or ,c]ta9ty1 prop] = ,conjectures1 may1 to almo/ e ,capacity1 be illu/rat$ z foll[s3 ,suppose y _h accid5tally f\nd a v small ,"p ( a visibly brok5 ,m$allion1 ) no?+ m express ^u x1 ?an :at is repres5t$ at ,fig4 #a4 ,plate ,i4 a ,p]son totally unacqua9t$ ) ! ma!matical ,sci5ces1 we may naturally conclude1 w\ld n be able to make any ?+ ( x1 or 9 ! lea/ compreh5d :at x orig9ally 01 or meant2 b if an ,a/ronom] %\ld *ance to see x1 :o ( c\rse we are to suppose knew ! ,ord] & ,proportion ( ! planet>y ,orbits1 he w\ld imm$iately conclude1 & ) great ,probability1 on ! ,side ( 8 ,conjectures1 t x might be ,"p ( a ,m$al repres5t+ ! ,sol> ,sy/em4 ,9 su* a ,case may we n v naturally suppose he w\ld reason ?us8 ,! ,ar*es ,a & ,b seem to be ,portions ( ! respective ,orbits ( ,saturn & ,jupit]1 & :at may lead u to believe1 t !y are really s1 & ,"p ( ! ,sol> ,sy/em1 is ! oblique ,curve ,c1 :i* looks n unlike ! ,trajectory ( a ,comet4 ,?is surely w\ld be f> f an irrational ,conjecture1 & consequ5tly 9 "s ,degree probable3 ,b ?is is n suffici5t y'll say2 ,to prove x we mu/ h f>!r rec\rse to ! ,ma!maticks1 & a ,ma!matician w\ld imm$iately ?us demon/rate x to be true4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,i4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,ii4 ,fir/1 by compleat+ ! ,circles geometrically f ! f\r? ,book ( ,euclid1 by ! ,assi/ance ( any ?ree ,po9ts ,e4 ,f4 ,g4 ! orig9al ,figure w be re/or$1 z at ,fig4 #b4 ,& secondly1 by assum+ any two ,po9ts1 z ,f1 ,e 9 ! ,curve ,c1 if admitt$ a ,p>abola1 by a well-kn[n ,problem 9 ,conic ,sections ! ,helioc5tric ,portion ,x4 ,y4 ,z4 w easily be project$ & %ewn1 z 9 ,fig4 #c4 ,la/ly1 jo9 ?is 9 ,position to ! =m]1 & x w ju/ly supply ! ,orbit1 or ,pa? ( "s "o ( ! ,comets2 & if requir$1 ev5 :at ,comet may be discov]$ by comp>+ ! ,p]ihelion ,di/ance ,y4 ,s4 ) _! g5]al ,elem5ts or ,!ories1 9 ,dr4 ,hally's ,synopsis ( ! ,motion ( ^! ,bodies4 ,& if a f>!r ,confirmation ( ! ,tru? ( ^! ,conjectures 7 want+1 ! small conc5tric ,circles at ,d w\ld n[ be all[$ beyond a ,contradiction1 to repres5t ! second>y ,orbits ( ,saturn2 & ?us ! fir/ ,presumption be+ c>ri$ ?ro' sev]al corroborat+ ,degrees ( ,probability1 almo/ pa/ a ,dispute1 w\ld become a ma!matical ,c]ta9ty2 & ! above imp]fect ,piece ( ,m$allion1 w\ld evid5tly appe> beyond a ,contradiction to be ,"p ( a ,repres5tation ( ! said sol> ,sy/em1 & su* z is %ewn 9 ,plate ,,ii4 ,q4 ,e4 ,d4 ,?us 9 _m ,cases1 x (t5 happ5s1 t f a v small ,"p ( orbicul> ,?+s1 we are able to det]m9e ! ,=m & ,direction ( ! ,:ole3 ,& h5ce y may conceive x no v difficult ,task to a ,ma!matician1 to describe ! ,orbits ( all ! ,planets 9 ! sol> ,sy/em1 ?\gh he _h nev] obs]v$ !m b 9 "o & ! same ,sign ( ! ,zodiack2 ?us f> ,i h ?\ght x w\ld n be amiss to expla9 to y ! ,nature ( ^? ,/eps1 by :i* we arrive at moral ,c]ta9ty1 & :]e ! ,subject w admit ( x1 ,ma!matical ,conviction1 :i* w n a little contribute to /r5g!n _m ( ! ,argum5ts h]eaft] made use (1 & 9 "s ,degree s]ve to supply ! ,place ( ,pro(1 :]e infallible ,demon/ration _c f ! ,nature ( ! ,?+ be discov]$4 ,b besides ! indisputable ,pr9ciples ( ,geometry1 ! univ]sal ,law ( ,analogy & ,similitude ( ?+s1 h a ,privilege to assi/ u1 9 ,conjectures relat+ to ! heav5ly ,bodies1 & ?\gh n ( equal ,=ce ) ! =m]1 is (t5 z conclusive z ! ,subject requires4 ,?is sort ( probable ,evid5ce 7z ,dr4 ,butl] obs]ves17 is ess5tially di/+ui%$ f ,demon/rative by ?is1 t x admits ( ,degrees2 & ( all ,v>iety ( !m1 f ! highe/ moral ,c]ta9ty to ! v l[e/ ,presumption2 & t :i* *iefly con/itutes ,probability1 is express$ 9 ! ,^w ,likely1 or ,natural ,lik5ess1 z to ,/ate or ,be+4 ,?is g5]al ,way ( argu+1 ,i ?9k1 is all[$ to be evid5tly natural1 j & conclusive1 & unque/ionably to h its ,weight 9 v>i\s ,degrees1 t[>ds det]m9+ our ,judgm5t3 ,= ,in/ance1 %\ld any ignorant ,p]son1 end[$ ) rational ,pr9ciples1 cut op5 a ,pomegranate ( ! natural ,gr[? ( ,engl&1 & f9d+ x full ( small ,globules1 or ,k]nels1 ^u be+ pres5t$ ) an e way simil> ,fruit1 said to be ! ,produce ( ,italy1 d\bt ( its be+ ( ! same ,nature1 & compos$ ( l globul> ,se$s )92 "h inde$ w\ld be no ma!matical ,evid5ce to assi/ ! ,judgm5t1 ! ,object ( ,pro( be+ invisible1 b sure f ! ext]nal ,similitude1 ! /ronge/ ,probability ( _! be+ also int]nally ! same4 ,aga91 ,is x natural to suppose1 t ! fir/ ,p]son :o f\nd a ,l>k's ,ne/1 & 9 x sev]al ( ! ,female's ,eggs1 %\ld h any ,appreh5sions ( f9d+ none 9 ! ,night+ale's1 only because he _h nev] se5 "o be=e1 ,i believe ! mo/ illit]ate ,p]son ( ! e>lie/ ,ages1 :o _h ,curiosity en\gh = su* a ,se>*1 w\ld be greatly disappo9t$ 9 su* a ,case1 & f> f conclud+ t ! ,night+ale _h none4 ,f>!r1 %\ld any "o :o _h se5 sev]al ,sorts ( ,fi% tak5 out ( ! ,riv] ,?ames1 or out ( ! ,nyle1 h any sort ( ,suspicion t he %\ld f9d no su* ,creatures 9 ! ,se9e or ! ,ganges1 ?\gh x %\ld be all[$ t he _h nev] se5 any su* ,creatures t 7 kn[n to come f !nce4 ,ocul> ,demon/ration1 9 su* a ,case1 w\ld sure be unnecess>y1 & an ,evid5ce ( ! fir/1 ,i believe w\ld be abundantly suffici5t to conv9ce u ( :at we ought to look = at lea/ 9 ! la/3 ,b !n ! ,fi%es ( diff]5t ,seas1 & ( ,riv]s are n ( ! same ,species y'll say2 b z x 7 inf9itely div]sifi$ ?r\gh all ! aque\s ,_w1 ?is is1 & mu/ be grant$1 & alike ,v>iety ( ,species mu/ also be grant$1 9 ! =m] ,case ( ! ,birds3 ,b no ,objection c possibly arise f any su* ,div]sity1 s9ce we don't pret5d to say1 nor is x at all necess>y1 t ! ,be+s 9 ! sid]eal ,planets %\ld be e :]e ! same ) ^! ( our sol> ,sy/em1 a ,v>iety mu/ e :]e be admitt$1 & w always be admir$1 :]e ! ,"w is ,nature's1 & ! ,design ,god's4 ,all !n t ,i "h pret5d to argue =1 is a ,univ]sality ( rational ,creatures to p ,inf9ity1 or r su* ,p>ts ( ! ,creation1 z f ! ,analogy & ,nature ( ,?+s1 we judge to be habitable ,seats = ,be+s1 n unlike ! mortal human4 ,e ,animal1 & e ,vegetable1 t1 z x 71 naturally exi/s by ! ,virtues1 ,prop]ties1 or ,laws ( ! m9]al ,k+dom1 has some?+ ( a second>y ,nature1 dep5d+ ^u x z a ,pr9ciple2 & to say t ! ,/>s1 :i* are a c]ta9 visible sort ( ,cotempor>ies 9 ,space ) ! ,sun1 h no l planet>y ,bodies ) ours mov+ r\nd !m1 because we _c possibly see !m1 is no less absurd & ridicul\s1 ?an to argue1 t we c h no ,reason to expect to f9d1 9 ! prop] ,season1 ,grapes ^u e ,v9e--,figs ^u e ,tree--,roses ^u e ,bu%--only because "s ( !m are at su* a ,di/ance1 t nei!r ,rose1 ,fig or ,grape1 c be discov]$ by ! ,eye4 ,?is sort ( ,reason+1 ?\gh "s p]haps may neglect x1 ,i am p]swad$ y w look ^u z abundantly suffici5t = ,?+s out ( ! ,rea* ( ,sci5ce to det]m9e2 & t ! collective ,body ( ,/>s h n be5 discov]$1 to be toge!r a prop] ,subject = su* ,conjectures be=e1 c surely only proce$ f ! ,want ( ,"t1 necess>y to compleat ! ,obs]vations prop] = a ,f\ndation to build su* an ,hypo!sis1 or ,!ory ^u4 ,?is is ! great ,article 9 :i* ! ,mod]ns h s mu*1 & ev] w h1 an ,advantage ov] ! ,anti5ts4 ,& h5ce x w appe>1 ,t ,! ,improvem5ts & ,discov]ies ( latt] ,ages are n at all ow+ to ! great] ,capacity ( ! ,mod]ns1 b f ! ,advantages receiv$1 or aris+ f ! ,inv5tions & ,progress made by ! ,anci5ts4 ,we at fir/ 9 a mann] walk$ by _! ,lead+-/r+s1 & ?\gh _m ( !m n[ are broke1 or useless1 none c d5y1 b t =m]ly !y 7 ( great ,advantage 9 promot+ & direct+ philosophical ,enquiries4 ,9 an ,assembly ( ! mo/ em95t ,m5 ( all ,ages1 if we may suppose su* a ,conf]5ce among/ ! illu/ri\s ,dead1 on ,purpose to deliv] _! sev]al ,s5tim5ts famili>ly toge!r1 on ! mo/ int]e/+ ,subjects ( natural ,k1 :o w\ld n lam5t ! ,disadvantages1 poor old ,?ales1 an ,hipp>*us1 or a ,ptolomy1 w\ld lie "u1 :o _h no?+ b ! ,eye ( ,reason to direct !m1 9 ,opposition to ! ,judgm5t ( a ,brahe1 or a 1 :o reap$ s mu* ,b5efit f _! comp\nd ,opticks8 ,b on ! o!r h&1 p]haps if ! sol> ,sy/em1 0 ! ,topic ( ,disc\rse1 a ,h,py?agorean might v p]t95tly say to a ,newtonian1 ,y h n gone mu* f>!r 9 ! ,light ) our ,direction1 ?an we did 9 ! ,d>k alone2 = y are /ill rov+ r\nd ! same ,circles4 ,mu* might be said ^u ?is ,head2 b ,i believe x w\ld be a difficult ,matt] to d ,ju/ice to all ,p>ties3 ,s "h ,i int5d to leave !m1 only mu/ obs]ve1 t ,po/]ity w always h ! ,advantage ov] _! ,pr$ecessors2 & t ,aft]-ages1 9 all ,probability1 w reap s great a ,b5efit f ! ,inv5tion & ,improvem5t ( ,fluxions1 t sc>ce any ?+1 :i* is ! imm$iate ,object ( su* ,enquiry1 w long lie conceal$ f a true ma!matical ,g5ius4 ,footnote ,h3 ,! true ,sy/em ( ! ,planets h be5 discov]$ above two ?\s& ,ye>s4 ,= ?is1 9 :i* he has surpass$ all ! ,anti5ts1 & greatly advanc$ ! philosophical ,sci5ces1 ! ,_w is indebt$ to ,sir ,isaac ,newton4 ,b z _m ( 8 ,discov]ies1 su* z relate p>ticul>ly to ! ,laws ( ! planet>y ,sy/em1 are b z s _m ,confirmations ( ! ,conjectures & ,imag9ations ( ,a/ronom]s & ,philosoph]s be=e him1 x p]haps w n be amiss to acqua9t y a little ) ! ,a/ronomy ( ! ,anti5ts conc]n+ ! ,univ]se4 ,& be=e ,i proce$ to ^? ( my own1 %ew y 9 ! fir/ ,place h[ f> _! ,speculations 9 ! visible ,creation h be5 c>ri$2 & ) ^! ,i %all conclude ?is prep>atory ,epi/le4 ,! ,univ]se1 or mundane ,space1 by :i* ! ,anti5ts compreh5d all ,creation1 has1 f "t to "t1 accord+ to ! ,progress ( ,sci5ce1 come "u a sort ( ,necessity ( be+ v>i\sly modell'd agreeable to ! ,op9ion ( ! sev]al ,au?ors1 :o h judg$ !mselves wise en\gh to write ^u x ) a ma!matical ,f\ndation3 ,& ! cosmical ,sy/em1 by :i* is meant ! ,co-ord9ation ( its con/itu5t ,p>ts has und]gone almo/ z _m ,*anges z its ,elem5ts are ev5 capable (2 e ,age ( ! ,_w1 z ,k has increas$1 ei!r f improv$ ,imag9ation1 or repeat$ ,obs]vations1 produc+ some?+ new conc]n+ x4 ,milton1 no d\bt1 _h all ?is ,div]sity ( ,op9ions 9 ,view1 z appe>s f 8 suppos$ ,pre-k ( ,raphael1 9 ! foll[+ ,passage1 ,book4 ,,viii4 ,h]eaft]1 :5 !y come to model ,heav51 ,& calculate ! ,/>s1 h[ !y w weild ,! mighty ,frame6 h[ build1 unbuild1 contrive ,to save ,appe>ances1 h[ gird ! ,sph]e ,) c5tric & ecc5tric scribbl'd o'er2 ,cycle1 & ,epicycle1 ,orb 9 ,orb4 ,b ! foll[+ ,synopsis1 ,i believe1 w abundantly conv9ce y t f c]ta9 ,obs]vations only1 we ought to =m all our ,notions ( x1 if we ei!r hope to arrive at ,tru?1 or expect our ,ideas %\ld be support$ by ,reason4 ,ari/otle 0 ( ,op9ion1 t ! ,univ]se1 or ,heav51 0 all "o ,_w1 & ,/4 ,*ryso/om1 ,t]tullian1 ,/4 ,bonav5ture1 ,ty*o ,brahe1 ,longomontanus1 ,kepl]1 ,bulialdus & ,tellez1 7 ( an unit$ ,op9ion1 t ?is "o ,heav51 or ,univ]se1 0 all sid]eal & fluid4 ,b ,aegidius1 ,hurtadus1 ,cisalp9us1 & ,av]sa1 believ+ ! same ,heav5 ) !m to be all "o ,_w1 & t sid]eal1 yet on ! contr>y held x to be solid4 ,clem5s1 ,acacius1 ,!odoret1 ,ana/asius1 ,synaita1 ,procopius1 ,suidus1 ,s4 ,bruno1 & ,claudianus ,mam]tus1 suppos$ ! univ]sal mundane ,space z divid$ into two ,heav5s1 namely1 ,! ,empyrum creat$ ! fir/ ,day1 ,& ! ,firmam5t creat$ ! second ,day4 ,two ,heav5s 7 also held by ,ju/9 ,m>tyr1 ! "o sid]eal1 & ! o!r a]ial4 ,! fir/ suppos$ by ,/4 ,gregory ,nyss5e1 to be t ( ! fix$ ,/>s1 & ! la/1 t ( ! ,planets4 ,b ,ma/rius & ,bellutus1 ?\gh agree+ 9 ! ,numb] ( ,heav5s1 calls "o ! 99,primum ,mobile1 & ! o!r1 ! ,/>ry ,heav54 ,f>!r1 ,/4 ,basil1 ,/4 ,ambrose1 ,damasc5e1 ,cassiodorus1 ,g5ebr>dus1 ,su>ez1 ,tann]us1 ,hurtadus1 ,ovi$us1 ,tellez1 & ,borrus1 di/+ui%$ ! ,univ]se z divid$ into ?ree ,portions1 or ,heav5s4 ,or1 z ,cajetan4 ,?o4 ,aqu9as4 ,! fir/ call$ ! ,empyrum1 ,wat]y1 ,! second suppos$ ,sid]eal1 ,sid]eal1 ,wat]y1 ,& ! la/ ( all1 ,a]ial4 ,a]ial1 ,sid]eal4 ,aga91 ,/4 ,a?anasius adds to ^? ( ! fix'd ,/>s1 ! ,planets1 & ! ,air1 t ( ! ,empyrum1 & makes 9 all f\r ,heav5s4 ,b z ! ,numb] ( ! ,heav5s ?us increases1 & w become subdivid$ 9 ! subsequ5t ,acc\nt ( !m1 to give y a bett] ,idea ( ! ,ord] ( ^! cele/ial ,portions ( ! mundane ,space1 x w n be amiss to =m :at rema9s ( !m into regul> ,sections ( _! prop] ,sph]es & ,sy/ems4 ,see ,plate ,,iii4 9 :i* ,figure1 ! fir/ repres5ts a ,section ( ! cosmical ,!ory ( ,ovi$us & ,ricciolus3 ,bo? consi/+ ( five ,heav5s1 viz4 ,by ,ovi$us1 ,by ,ricciolus1 sid]eal & solid4 sid]eal & fluid4 ,! fix$ ,/>s1 ,a ,empyrum1 ,g ,saturn1 ,b ,! ,wat]1 ,f ,jupit]1 ,c ,! fix$ ,/>s1 ,a ,sol1 ) & includ$1 ,d ,! ,planets1 ,h ,! ,moon4 ,e ,! ,air4 ,i ,fig4 ,,ii4 repres5ts t ( v5]able ,b$e & ,rabanus1 viz4 ( ,sev5 ,heav5s4 ,& accord+ to ,b$e ,b by ,rabanus1 compos$ ( ,! ,air1 ,p ,! ,atmosph]e1 ,! !r1 ,o ,! upp] ,air1 ,olympus1 ,n ,! inf]ior ,fire1 ,! ,elem5t ( ,fire1 ,m ,! sup]ior ,fire1 ,! ,firmam5t1 ,a ,sph]e ( ! fix$ ,/>s1 ,! ,angelical ,region1 ,l ,! ,cry/all9e ,heav51 ,realm ( ! ,tr9ity4 ,k ,! ,empyrum4 ,fig4 ,,iii4 ,repres5ts ! ,hypo!ses ( ,eudoxus1 ,plato1 ,calippus1 ,cic]o1 ,riccius1 ,philo1 ,remigius1 ,ab5-,ezra1 ,c>?usianus1 ,lyranus1 ,to/atus1 ,brug5sis1 ,orontius1 ,cremon9us1 ,philale?u1 ,amicus1 & ,ruvius2 also ! ,babylonians & ,egyptians4 ,consi/+ ( ,eight ,heav5s1 ,all ,sid]eal1 viz4 ,! ,sph]e ( ! fix'd ,/>s1 & ^? ( ! ,sev5 ,planets4 ,fig4 ,,iv4 is t ( ,macrobius1 ,haly ,alpetragius1 ,rabbi-,josue1 ,rabbi ,moyses1 ,scotus1 ,abraham ,zagutus1 ,sacroboscus1 ,cl>omontius1 ,avigra1 & ,arraiga4 ,all ( ,n9e ,heav5s1 ,compreh5d a ,primum ,mobile ,q1 or1 accord+ to ,arriaga1 a solid ,empyrum4 ,! ,sph]e1 ( fix$ ,/>s ,a1 & ! sev5 ,regions ( ! sol> ,planets4 ,fig4 ,v4 is t ( ! great ,alphonsus1 ,f]nelius1 ,regiomontanus1 ,amicus1 ,maurolycus & ,langius2 also ( ,azabel1 ,!bit1 & ,isaac ,israelita2 & likewise ( ,gulielmus ,p>isi5sis1 & ,johannes ,antonius ,delph9us4 ,consi/+ ( ,t5 ,heav5s1 made up ( ,a ,primum ,mobile ,s ,empyrum4 ,a ,sph]e ( ,tripidation 9 ,longitude ,r ,primum ,mobile4 ,! ,sph]e ( ! fix$ ,/>s ,a ,& ^? ( ! sev5 sol> ,planets )94 ,note1 ,"s ,au?ors place ! ,sph]e ( ,tripidation 9 ,longitude bel[ t ( ! ,apla91 or ,eigh? ,sph]e4 ,la/ly1 ,fig4 ,,vi4 is ! ,heav5 ( ,petrus ,alliac5sis1 ! ,college ( ,conimbra1 ,m>t95sis1 7& sometime7 ( ,clavius2 & also ,johannes ,w>n]us1 ,leopoldus de ,au/ri1 ,johannes ,antonius ,mag9us2 & la/ly1 ( ,clavius4 ,9 all ,elev5 ,heav5s conta9+1 ,t ,a ,primum ,mobile1 or1 z o!rs say1 an ,empyrum4 ,v ,a ,sph]e ( ,libration 9 ,latitude4 ,w ,a ,sph]e ( ,libration 9 ,longitude4 ,a ,! ,sph]e ( ! fix$ ,/>s1 & ^? ( ! ,planets4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,iii4 ,! ,sev5 ,planet>y orbits4 ,?us y see h[ _m v>i\s ,op9ions h f "t to "t be5 embrac$ conc]n+ ! ,fabric & ,=mation ( ! visible ,univ]se2 all ( :i* are n[ & h long be5 explod$2 & al?\gh at fir/ advanc$ by ,m5 ( ! greate/ ,le>n+1 & ( ! deepe/ ,p5etration 9 natural ,k1 x does n appe> f any "o ( _! ,op9ions1 t !y _h any ! lea/ ,notion ( inf9ite ,space1 b z x 7 conf9$ ! ,div9e ,be+ to _! limit$ ,notions1 z "o may say 9 an ,egg-%ell4 ,if !re=e :at ,i %all h]eaft] advance1 ext5d s f> )\t ! kn[n ,creation1 t y c possibly conceive no ,b\nds to ! ,works ( inf9ite ,wisdom & ,p[]1 ,i hope y w be 9 no ,dang] ( look+ ^u x z m ridicul\s1 or absurd1 ?an :at s _m ( ! wise/ ,m5 ( e ,age h ?\ght prop] to attempt1 & h judg$ wor?y ( _! ,att5tion s long be=e me4 ,if any ?+ less s1 ,i %all ?9k myself happy en\gh 9 hav+ broke1 or r pass$ ! n>r[ ,limits to :i* ! ,creation has = s _m ,ye>s be5 conf9$1 9 hopes ( tempt+ ,m5 ( great] ,tal5ts to look up w>ds1 & pursue s noble a ,subject z f> z ! human ,und]/&+ is capable ( compreh5d+ x4 ,to ! ,op9ions above might be add$ _m m1 p>ticul>ly t ( ,johannes ,bapti/a ,turrianus1 & ,fraca/orius1 :o increas$ ! ,numb] ( ,heav5s to f\rte51 viz4 sev5 on ea* ,side ! ,aplan4 ,b ( ?is ,i h said en\gh2 9 my next ,i %all proce$ to ,matt] bett] gr\nd$1 ,& am1 c4 ,illu/ration ,,lett] ! ,,?ird4 ,conc]n+ ! ,nature1 ,magnitude1 & ,motion ( ! ,planet>y ,bodies r\nd ! ,sun1 c4 ,,sir1 ,! y\ng] ,pl9y1 if ,i rememb] "r1 some:]e says1 t !re is1 or ought to be1 a wide ,diff]5ce betwixt writ+ to a ,fri5d1 & writ+ to ! ,publick3 ,i h inde$ pleas$ myself ) ! "o1 b am f> f ?9k+ myself qualifi$ = ! o!r2 ,i mu/ !re=e r intreat y1 ?\gh p]haps y _c possibly ov]look all my ,faults z an ,au?or1 to excuse !m at lea/ 9 ! ,fri5d1 & by su* k9d ( unlimit$ ,indulg5ce1 y w give me a mu* great] ,*ance to d ! ,subject "s ,ju/ice1 ?\gh ,i own ,i despair 9 ?is fir/ ,attempt1 to reconcile e ?+ ,i advance to y\r m cool & imp>tial ,reason+4 ,b to ! ,bus9ess3 ,z ,i h no ,ambition to h ! ,sub/ance ( my ,!ory m admir$ by y ?an und]/ood1 :i* is too (t5 ! ,case 9 ,works ( ?is ,nature1 ,i mu/ beg leave to repeat to y ,"p ( a =m] ,disc\rse1 :i* w refre% 9 y\r ,ideas ! pr9cipal ,laws ( ! ,sy/em ( our ,sun1 & make y prop]ly acqua9t$ ) su* ,?+s z are necess>y to be kn[n 9 ! n[-e/abli%$ ,a/ronomy ( ,i,cop]nicus1 c4 be=e ,i proce$ to any new ,matt]4 ,footnote ,i3 ,nicolaus ,cop]nicus1 /il$ by ,bulialdus1 ,vir absolut subtilitatis1 0 a ,native ( ,?orn 9 ,poli% ,prussia1 & ,canon ( ! ,*ur* ( ,fraw5burgh2 he 0 ,s*ol> to ,dom9icus ,m>ia ( ,f]r>a1 to :om he 0 ,assi/ant 9 8 a/ronomical ,obs]vations at ,bologne1 & ,pr(essor ( ! ,ma!maticks at ,rome1 9 8 noble ,"w1 ,de ,revolutionibus ,orbium ,cle/ium2 he =tunately reviv$1 happily unit$1 & =m$ into an ,hypo!sis ( 8 own1 ! sev]al ,op9ions ( ,philolaus1 ,h]aclides ,ponticus1 & ,ecphantus ,py?agoreus1 viz4 aft] ! ,op9ion ( ,philolaus he made ! ,e>? to move ab\t ! ,sun1 z ! ,c5t] ( its annual ,motion2 & accord+ to ,h]aclides & ,ecphantus1 he likewise gave x a diurnal ,rotation r\nd its own ,axis3 ,:i* ,sy/em has )/ood all ,opposition2 & z ,ricciolus1 7?\gh a ,diss5t] f x7 obs]ves1 ,p] damna1 p] cdes1 ab ipso sumit opes1 animumque f]ro4 ,! ,sun1 y are n to le>n1 is ! reput$ ,c5t] ( our ,planet>y ,sy/em1 & may rememb]1 t ! ,e>? on :i* we live1 & ^! five foll[+ ,erratic ,/>s1 viz4 ,saturn1 ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ,v5us & ,m]cury1 h be5 demon/rat$ to move r\nd him 9 ! ,ord] & ,mann] foll[+4 ,saturn is f\nd to complete "o ,revolution r\nd ! ,sun 9 tw5ty-n9e ,ye>s1 "o hundr$ & sev5ty-f\r ,days1 six ,h\rs1 & ?irty-six ,m9utes2 at ! ,di/ance ( ab\t sev5 hundr$ & sev5ty-sev5 ,millions ( ,miles4 ,jupit] p]=ms a l ,revolution 9 ab\t elev5 ,ye>s1 ?ree hundr$ & sev5te5 ,days1 twelve ,h\rs1 & tw5ty ,m9utes2 di/ant f ! ,sun ab\t f\r hundr$ & tw5ty-f\r ,millions ( ,miles4 ,m>s compleats 8 ,circuit 9 "o ,ye>1 ?ree hundr$ & tw5ty-"o ,days1 tw5ty-?ree ,h\rs1 & tw5ty-sev5 ,m9utes2 & 8 mean ,di/ance is ab\t "o hundr$ & tw5ty-?ree ,millions ( ,miles4 ,^! ?ree are call$ sup]ior ,planets1 z be+ f>!r f ! ,sun ?an ! ,e>?1 & circumscrib+ its ,orbit4 ,! ,e>? circumambulates h] ,orbit 9 "o sol> ,ye>1 viz4 9 ?ree hundr$ & sixty-five ,days1 five ,h\rs1 =ty-eight ,m9utes1 & fifty-sev5 ,seconds2 at ! mean ,di/ance ( eighty-"o ,millions ( ,miles4 ,! ,radius ( ,v5us's ,orbit is ab\t fifty-n9e ,millions ( ,miles2 & t ( ,m]cury ne>ly ?irty-two ,millions1 ditto4 ,! ,helioc5tric ,revolution ( ,v5us1 is made 9 two hundr$ & tw5ty-f\r ,days1 sixte5 ,h\rs1 =ty-n9e ,m9utes1 & tw5ty-sev5 ,seconds2 & t ( ,m]cury1 9 eighty-sev5 ,days1 tw5ty-?ree ,h\rs1 fifte5 ,m9utes1 & fifty-f\r ,seconds4 ,^! two la/ ,planets are call$ inf]ior ,ones1 z be+ circumscrib$ by ! ,e>?4 ,! ,diamet] ( ! ,sun be+ demon/rat$ to be ne>ly sev5 hundr$ & sixty-?ree ?\s& ,miles3 ,! proportional ,magnitudes ( all ! above ,planets w be f\nd ne>ly z foll[s1 viz4 ,! ,diamet] ( ! ,globe1 ,( ,m]cury #d1bdj ,v5us #g1ijj ! ,e>? #g1igj ,miles4 ,m>s #d1ddj ,jupit] #ha1jjj & ,saturn #fa1jjj ,?us mu* ,i h ?\ght prop] to premise1 & = y\r imm$iate ,inspection1 h add$ ! foll[+ ,s*emes1 t no?+ may be want+ to give a g5]al ,idea ( ! ,ord] ( ! cele/ial ,bodies 9 our own ,sy/em1 be=e ,i attempt to lead y ?r\gh ! neighb\r+ ,regions ( ! ,/>s to ! m remote ,tracts ( ,inf9ity4 ,,plate ,,iv4 ,is a true ,del9eation ( ! sol> ,sy/em1 ) ! ,trajectories ( ?ree ( ! pr9cipal ,comets1 ^: ,p]iods & ,orbits h be5 accurately det]m9$1 & are repres5t$ 9 _! true ,proportion & ,position to "o ano!r1 & ! ,ord] ( ! ,planets r\nd ! ,sun1 m>k$ ) _! respective ,*>act]s1 viz4 1 = ,saturn1 1 ,jupit]1 1 ,m>s1 1 ! ,e>?1 1 ,v5us1 & 1 ,m]cury4 ,! ,scale be+ ne>ly five hundr$ & eighte5 ,millions ( ,miles to an ,in*4 ,,plate ,v4 ,is a true ,projection ( ! ,sy/em ( ! kn[n ,comets2 9 :i* are repres5t$ n9e ( ! *ief ,trajectories1 f _! ,aphelii to _! ,p]ihelii1 all 9 j ,proportion & ,position to ! ,orbits ( ,saturn & ,jupit]1 :i* are also repres5t$ by ! two conc5tric ,circles1 suppos$ to be drawn r\nd ! ,sun z _! ,c5t]4 ,! ,ellipsis1 or ,trajectory1 m>k$ ,a1 %ews ! ,position & ,pa? ( ! ,comet :i* appe>$ 9 ! ,ye> #afhd1 ^: ,p]iod is suppos$ to be ab\t fifty ,ye>s1 & has be5 obs]v$ )9 ! ,region ( ! ,planets once4 ,t m>k'd ,b1 is ! ,way ( ! ,comet ( #afhb2 ,! ,p]iod conjectur$ to be ab\t sev5ty-five ,ye>s & a half1 & has be5 obs]v$ ?rice4 ,c1 ,way ( ! ,comet ( #accg2 ,! ,p]iod ab\t #ajj ,ye>s1 obs]v$ once4 ,d1 ,t ( ! ,comet ( #affa2 ,! ,p]iod ab\t #abi ,ye>s1 obs]v$ twice4 ,e1 ,tract ( ! ,comet ( #afah2 ,! ,p]iod ab\t #afj ,ye>s1 obs]v$ once4 ,f1 ,way ( ! ,comet ( #afgg2 ,! ,p]iod ab\t #bjj ,ye>s1 obs]v$ once4 ,g1 ,way ( ! ,comet ( #agdd2 ,! ,p]iod ab\t #cjj ,ye>s1 obs]v$ once4 ,h1 ,way ( ! ,comet ( #affe2 ,! ,p]iod ab\t #djj ,ye>s1 obs]v$ once4 ,i1 ,way ( ! ,comet ( #afhj2 ,! ,p]iod ab\t #ege ,ye>s1 obs]v$ ?rice4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,iv4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,v4 ,! ,scale ( ?is ,sy/em is equal to "o ,?ird ( ! =m]4 ,"h ,i mu/ obs]ve to y1 z a ,?+ ,i judge may prove ( great ,consequ5ce ) reg>d to ! ,sy/em ( ,comets1 :i* is z yet v imp]fect3 ,t ,i am /rongly ( ,op9ion1 t ! ,comets 9 g5]al1 ?r\gh all _! respective ,orbits1 describe "o common ,area1 t is to say1 all _! ,orbits ) reg>d to ! ,magnitude ( _! prop] ,planes1 are ma!matically equal to "o ano!r2 :i*1 if x once c\ld be prov$1 & confirm$ by ,obs]vation1 ! ,!ories ( all ! ,comets t h be5 ju/ly obs]v$1 might easily be p]fect$1 & _! ,p]iods at once det]m9$1 :i* n[ we c only guess at1 or may wait :ole ,ages = m ,c]ta9ty (4 ,:at leads me to believe1 t ?is may prove to be really ! ,case is ?is4 ,i f9d by ,calculation1 t ! ,orbits ( ! two la/ ,comets1 ^: ,elem5ts h be5 mo/ correct$ by ,sir ,isaac ,newton & ,dr4 ,hally1 are to "o ano!r1 accord+ to _! ,numb]s1 ne>ly z ,j#ac to ,k#ag1 not)/&+ "o ( !m is "o ( ! mo/ erratick t ev] came "u our ,obs]vation2 & ! o!r "o ( ! mo/ neighb\r+ to ! ,sun4 ,footnote ,j3 #acafeci1ifhbhb ,comet ( #afhj4 ,footnote ,k3 #agjhaee1dfdd ,comet ( #afhb4 ,b x is well kn[n to all ,ma!maticians1 t ! fir/ ( ^! ,comets mov$ 9 s ecc5tric a ,trajectory1 t ! lea/ ,error 9 its almo/ incr$ible ,proximity to ! ,sun w produce a v s5sible ,diff]5ce 9 ! ,area ( ! ,orbit3 ,& accord+ly1 if we mod]ate ! ,p]ihelion ,di/ance ( ?is ,comet1 by mak+ x b #ajjj in/ead ( ,l#fab1 :i* is b increas+ x a #a_/cejjj? ,"p ( ! great ,radius ( ! ,orbit1 7:i* is an ,error e ,a/ronom] w readily grant is v easily made7 & we %all f9d ! ,orbits ( ! said two ,comets to be exactly equal4 ,footnote ,l3 ,! ,numb] 9 ,dr4 ,hally's ,synopsis4 ,fur!r1 ,i mu/ in=m y1 t ! ,comet ( #afhb1 :i* ! above is comp>$ )1 seems to h be5 s accurately obs]v$1 t x does n appe> to h alt]$ its ,p]ihelion ,di/ance half a #fh? ,"p 9 "o intire ,revolution4 ,n[1 if we c ) any ,%[ ( ,reason1 & a ,probability on our ,side1 br+ ! ,areas ( ^! two extream ,comets1 z ,i may call !m1 to an ,equality1 sure we may conclude1 x is a ,subject highly wor?y to be m consid]$ & enquir$ into4 ,,plate ,,vi4 ,is a true ,repres5tation ( ! satellite ,sy/ems1 proportionable to "o ano!r1 & to ! ,orb ( ! ,sun's ,body1 t a j ,idea ( ! ,di/ances ( ^? second>y ,planets1 may be easi] _h f _! respective prim>y ones4 ,s repres5ts ! sol> ,body ) its ,atmosph]e4 ,fig4 #a4 is ! ,sy/em ( ,saturn f ! same ,scale4 ,fig4 #b4 t ( ,jupit] f ditto4 ,& ,fig4 #c4 ! ,orbit ( ! ,moon r\nd ! ,e>?1 9 ! same ,proportion4 ,b z y c h b a v imp]fect ,idea ( ! ,magnitude ( ^! la/ ,circles1 ) reg>d to ! ,body ( ! ,e>? or ,moon1 ,,plate ,,vii4 ,is a true ,projection ( _! real ,globes1 at _! prop] ,di/ance f ea* o!r1 ) _! common ,c5t] ( ,gravity1 & ! ,po9t & ,l9e ( equal ,susp5sion betwixt !m1 viz4 ,a1 repres5ts ! ,globe ( ! ,e>?4 ,b1 t ( ! ,moon4 ,c1 ,po9t1 & ,c ,d1 ,l9e ( equal ,susp5sion betwixt !m4 ,e1 ,common ,c5t] ( ,gravity1 :i* describes ! ,orbis ,magnus4 ,e1 ,f1 & ,b1 ,g1 is ! ,orbit ( ! ,moon4 ,f>!r1 t no?+ may be want+ to give a true ,notion ( ! :ole toge!r1 ,,plate ,,viii4 ,is a proportional ,draw+ ( all ! prim>y & second>y ,planets toge!r1 di/+ui%$ by _! ,*>act]s1 prop] to att5d a ,globe ( twelve ,in*es ,diamet]1 su* a "o be+ suppos$ to repres5t ! ,sun4 ,,plate ,,ix4 ,is an exact ,s*eme ( ! pr9cipal kn[n ,comets1 9 j ,proportion1 to ! ,globe ( ! ,e>? repres5t$ at ,a1 ) ! ,nucleus1 & ,"p ( ! ,tail ( ! ,comet ( #afhj1 ,b1 z x 0 obs]v$ 9 its ,ass5t f ! ,sun1 viz4 a a ! ,comet's natural ,atmosph]e1 z z z1 ! ,d5s] ,matt] w9d+ itself into ! ,axis ( ! ,tra9 x x1 ! inflam'd ,atmosph]e & ,tail dilat$ ne> ! ,sun4 ,c1 repres5ts ! ,ball ( ! ,comet ( #afhb1 ,d1 t ( #affe1 ,e1 t ( #agdb1 & ,f1 ! ,head ( ! ,comet ( #agdd4 ,& aga91 t y may h "s ,notion ( ! app>5t ,magnitudes ( all ^! ,planets & ,comets1 c4 z !y appe> at ! ,e>?1 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,vi4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,vii4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,viii4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,ix4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,x4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xi4 ,,plate ,x4 ,repres5ts ! ,sun & ,moon 9 ! j ,proportion ( _! mean ,diamet]s1 ) two ( ! ,comets ,a & ,b1 & ! five erratick ,planets1 z !y are obs]v$ at ! ,e>?1 9 a middle ,/ate ( _! ,di/ances f x4 ,= a m full & p>ticul> ,description ( all ! ,p>ts ( ! sol> ,sy/em1 & ( ! home ,elem5ts ( ,a/ronomy 9 g5]al1 ,i ref] y to my ,clavis ,cle/is1 c4 :]e e ?+ conc]n+ ! ,planets1 ,comets1 & ,/>s2 & _! real & app>5t ,motions1 are at l>ge repres5t$1 expla9$1 & acc\nt$ =1 = ! ,b5efit ( su* z h n made ! ,ma!maticks _! regul> ,/udy4 ,n[1 to conv9ce y t ! ,planets are all 9 _! own ,nature no o!r ?an d>k opaque ,bodies1 reflect+ only ! borr[$ ,light ( ! ,sun1 ,i mu/ recomm5d to y\r ,obs]vation1 ?is natural & simple ,exp]im5t1 :i* almo/ any ,opportunity ( see+ ! ,moon a little be=e ! ,full1 w put into y\r ,p[] to make2 b be/ & easie/ :5 ! ,sun is 9 any ( ! ,nor? ,signs1 i4 e4 9 ,summ]4 ,at su* a "t1 ! ,sun be+ ne> sett+1 ! ,moon w appe> 9 ! ea/]n ,hemisph]e2 & if !re be any bright ,cl\ds nor?w>d1 or s\?w>d ne> h]1 y w pla9ly p]ceive1 t ! ,light ( ! "o is ( ! same ,nature ) t ( ! o!r2 ,i mean ! ,light ( ! ,moon1 & t ( ! ,cl\d4 ,to me !re nev] appe>$ any ,diff]5ce at all2 & ,i am p]swad$1 7 y to make b two or ?ree ,obs]vations ( ?is k9d1 :i* is f ,nature itself1 a sort ( ocul> ,demon/ration1 y _c fail ( be+ conv9c$1 t ! ,moon's ,light1 su* z x is1 )\t ,heat1 c possibly proce$ f no o!r ,cause ?an t :i* illum9es ! ,cl\d3 ,= if ! ,cl\ds1 ^: ,composition we "k to be b a ?9 light ,fluid1 =m$ ( cond5s$ ,vap\rs only1 is capable ( remitt+ s great a ,lu/re1 h[ mu* m may we n all[ ! ,moon1 :i*1 ,l5g? ( ,"t1 & _m o!r ,circum/ances1 h long confirm$ to be a durable & solid ,body4 ,! ,increase ( h] ,lu/re1 inde$1 dur+ ! ,abs5ce ( ! ,sun f u1 to a less p5etrat+ ,g5ius ?an y\r's1 may possibly af=d "s trifl+ ,gr\nd ( ,objection to ! above ,conclusions1 z be+ drawn f ! ,phnom5a ( ,day-light only2 by reason 9 ! ,night1 we h no ,cl\ds 9 equal ,circum/ances to comp>e ) h]4 ,b ?is ,i ne$ n tell y1 is all ow+ to h] be+ se5 ?r\gh a d>k] ,m$ium1 & n to any real ,increase ( natural ,light emitt$ f ! ,sun4 ,z a ,pro( ( :i*1 7 x necess>y1 y ne$ only1 %ut out ! ,rays ( ! ,atmosph]e1 by ! ,help ( a suffici5tly long ,tube2 & ! ,moon1 or any o!r cele/ial ,body1 w appe> ?r\gh x1 z bright 9 ! ,day-"t z 9 ! ,night4 ,?us all light ,bodies ( inf]ior ,lu/re1 :e!r %9+ by _! own natural ,radi5ces1 or by a borr[$ ,reflection1 p>take ( ! same ,advantage1 :5 remov$ f ! m pot5t ,influ5ce ( a sup]ior "o2 & h5ce x is1 t ! ,m,aura !rea %9es out mo/ manife/1 :5 ! ,body ( ! ,sun himself is hid1 ! ,/>s1 & ! ,via ,lactea mo/ lively & num]\s 9 ! ,abs5ce ( ! ,moon1 & ^? ,exhalations1 or ,meteors1 vulg>ly call$ ,fall+-/>s1 become only visible 7l ,gl[-worms7 9 ! ,night4 ,footnote ,m3 ,an ,helios1 or gold5 ,light1 always att5d+ ! ,sun1 & suppos$ to spread itself all r\nd 8 ,body 9 ! ,direction ( 8 ,equator1 0 v visible dur+ ! total ,d>kness ( ! ,eclipse ( #agae1 & may be always se5 ab\t ! ,autumnal ,equ9ox4 ,"h x may n be improp] to tell y1 t ! ,cl\ds are to u 9 effect no o!r ?an z s _m ,moons1 :]eby we h our artificial ,day prolong$ to u sev]al ,h\rs aft] ! ,sun is set1 & likewise produc$ z mu* soon] be=e he rises2 & 7 !y to asc5d by /ill /rong] ,p[] ( ,exhalation to an ,elevation1 all r\nd ! ,atmosph]e1 s z to =m a ,sph]e equal to f\r ,times ! ,globe ( ! ,e>?1 !re w\ld !n be no su* ,?+ z real nocturnal ,d>kness to any ,"p ( ! ,_w4 ,! lun> ,light !n we may v ju/ly conclude1 proce$s orig9ally f ! ,sun3 ,& not)/&+ _m m ,argum5ts might be drawn f ! ,demon/ration ( h] ,phases1 ,eclipses1 c4 to prove x1 yet none ( !m ne$ "h be add$1 to :at has be5 already said1 to conv9ce y ( ! ,tru? ( x4 ,?is be+ grant$1 let u n[ consid] :at ,effect ?is1 or a l ,quantity ( borr[$ ,light1 w\ld h1 :5 remov$ to a mu* great] ,di/ance4 ,i may1 ,i ?9k1 suppose1 t y "k s mu* ( ,opticks z to und]/&1 t all visible ,objects app>5tly decrease 9 ,magnitude1 z _! ,di/ance f ! ,eye increases4 ,consequ5tly1 t1 if ! ,moon's ,orbit 0 plac$ z f> aga9 f ! ,e>? z x really is1 h] ,globe1 or r ,disk1 w\ld !n seem to be b half z big z to u %e n[ appe>s to be1 & ( c\rse /ill f>!r1 7 %e plac$ at t5 times ! ,di/ance %e is kn[n to revolve at1 h] app>5t ,diamet] w\ld be r$uc$ to a t5? ,"p only ( :at x n[ appe>s to be 9 h] pres5t ,orbit1 t is1 "o hundr$ ,times less 9 visible ,magnitude ?an h] neighb\r+ ,disk is f\nd to be :]e x n[ is se54 ,& su*1 b some?+ less1 ! two ,planets ,v5us & ,jupit]1 :i* are frequ5tly1 9 _! ,turns1 our ,morn+ & ,ev5+ ,/>s1 appe> to be ?r\gh a common ,telescope4 ,n[ ^! two ,planets1 toge!r ) ! o!r ?ree1 :i* we f9d mov+ 9 regul> ,orbits r\nd ! ,sun1 are all f\nd subject to ! same ,n,*anges ( ,phnom5a1 9 _! v>i\s ,aspects ) ! ,sun2 & :o c d\bt b t !y are all ( ! same or l ,nature8 ,b y'll say1 p]haps1 h[ are we sure t ,v5us & ,jupit] h no native ,light ( _! own1 s9ce _m ( ! anci5t ,philosoph]s1 & 9 p>ticul> ,anaxim&]1 all[$ ev5 ! ,moon to h "s2 & besides1 9 ,philosophy1 z well z 9 ,logick1 ,i ?9k y hold !re is no prov+ a ,negative1 at lea/ at su* a ,di/ance4 ,footnote ,n3 ,v5us & ,m]cury 9 e ,helioc5trick ,revolution1 p]=m all ! ,*anges ( our ,moon 9 a l ,gradation & ,defection ( ,light1 bo? horn$ & gibos'd4 ,to make y conceive ! ,impossibility ( su* a ,light1 & next to a ,demon/ration1 conv9ce y ( ! ,unnaturalness ( su* a ,supposition1 ,i mu/ put y 9 m9d1 t "s "t ago1 :5 ,i 0 la/ 9 ! ,c\ntry ) y1 ,i ?9k x 0 ab\t ! latt] ,end ( ,autumn1 ne> ! ,w9t] ,sol/ice1 z we 7 walk+ "o ,ev5+1 ,i bid y take notice ( ! ,moon1 :i* 0 !n ne> sett+1 & ab\t two ,days old4 ,y may rememb]1 h] :ole ,globe appe>$ to u v conspicu\sly )9 a manife/ ,circle4 ,y imm$iately told me1 t t k9d ( ,phnom5on ! ,c\ntry ,p call$ a ,/ork1 or ! old ,moon 9 ! new "o's ,arms4 ,?is ,i !n endeav\r$ to expla9 to y1 & ,i ?9k made y s5sible x 0 intirely an ,effect ( ! ,e>?'s1 & an ,appe>ance always to be expect$ at t ,"t ( ! ,ye>4 ,! ,e>? be+ !n 9 ! ,/ate ( a ,full-,moon to t ,"p ( ! lun> ,orbit1 & ne> h] ,p]ihelion1 at :i* "t1 ! ,e>? s5ds back a ,reflection to ! ,o,moon tw5ty-five times m pot5t ?an t ( ! ,moon to u4 ,footnote ,o3 ,_! ,diamet]s be+ ne>ly z #a to #e4 ,n[ ! ,planet ,v5us1 f und5iable ,pr9ciples ( ,geometry1 is all[$ to be ne>ly su* ano!r ,globe z ! ,e>? is2 & s9ce ! ,e>?1 z ,i h j n[ relat$1 is f\nd to reflect mu* m ,light to ! ,moon1 by reason ( h] sup]ior ,magnitude1 ?an ! ,moon c possibly rev]b]ate to ,e>? aga92 & s9ce also 'tis pla91 ! ,e>? has no ,light ( its own1 :y !n %\ld we imag9e ,v5us to be end[$ ) a ,lu/re1 :i* we c prove to be no m ?an a simil> ,body1 & gov]n$ by ! same ,laws z ! ,e>? is8 ,anaxim&]'s ,mi/ake1 9 suppos+ ! ,moon 9 "s small ,degree a radiant ,body ( itself1 lay1 9 n consid]+1 t ! fa9t ,illum9ation "h describ$1 & visible all ov] h] ,globe1 soon aft] almo/ e ,conjunction ) ! ,sun2 & probably 9 ,eclipses1 also proce$$ f ! ,e>?2 b ! ?+ ,i ?9k is too evid5t to expect any sort ( ,contradiction1 !re=e ,i hope y w admit x z a ,tru?1 & consequ5tly take x = grant$1 t ! planet>y ,bodies 9 g5]al1 are me] t]re/rial1 if n t]raque\s ,bodies1 su* z ?is we live ^u2 :i* is ! ,?+ ,i h *iefly 9 ?is ,lett] attempt$ to demon/rate1 or h r expla9$2 & n[ ,i hope1 = ! future1 y w receive ! ,idea ( a ,plurality ( ,worlds m fav\rably1 & look ^u a/ronomical ,conjectures 9 a less ridicul\s ,light ?an y us$ to d1 especially s9ce y mu/ all[1 !y give our unlimit$ ,imag9ations a l all endless ,field ( ,contemplation1 n only full ( ! wond]ful ,works ( ,nature1 b also ( a visible ,provid5ce4 ,i ?9k ,i _c conclude ?is ,lett] to y m prop]ly1 ?an ) ! foll[+ f9e ,l9es ( ,mr4 ,addison's f ! ,spectator1 ,vol4 ,,vi4 ,no4 #dfe1 :i* ,i hope y are n s polite z to look ^u z an unfa%ionable ,quotation4 ,! spaci\s ,firmam5t on ,high1 ,) all ! blue e!real ,sky1 ,& spangl'd ,heav'ns1 a %9+ ,frame1 ,_! great ,orig9al proclaim3 ,?' unwe>i$ ,sun1 f ,day to ,day1 ,does 8 ,creator's ,p['r display1 ,& publi%es to ev'ry ,l& ,! ,"w ( an ,almighty ,h&4 ,soon z ! ,ev'n+ ,%ades prevail1 ,! ,moon takes up ! wond'r\s ,tale1 ,& nightly to ! li/'n+ ,e>?1 ,repeats ! ,/ory ( h] ,bir?3 ,:il/ all ! ,/>s t r\nd h] burn1 ,& all ! ,planets 9 _! ,turn1 ,confirm ! ,tid+s z !y roll1 ,& spread ! ,tru? f ,pole to ,pole4 ,:at ?\gh1 9 solemn ,sil5ce1 all ,move r\nd ! ,d>k t]re/rial ,ball8 ,:at ?o' nor real ,voice nor ,s\nd ,amid _! radiant ,orbs be f\nd8 ,9 ,reason's ,e>1 !y all rejoice1 ,& utt] =? a glori\s ,voice1 ,= ev] s++1 z !y %9e1 ,! ,h& t made u is div9e4 ,& am1 c4 ,,lett] ! ,,f\r?4 ,( ! ,nature ( ! heav5ly ,bodies cont9u$1 ) ! ,op9ions ( ! ,anti5ts conc]n+ ! ,sun & ,/>s4 ,,sir1 ,y tell me y beg9 to be a tol]able good ,cop]nican1 & w\ld n[ be glad to h my ,op9ion fur!r ^u ! ,nature ( ! ,sun & ,/>s1 ) reg>d to ! ,sugge/ion ( _! be+ l ,bodies ( ,fire4 ,?is y say w g a great ,way t[>ds confirm+ y 9 ! ,notion y h begun to embrace ( a ,plurality ( ,sy/ems1 & a mu* great] ,multiplicity ( ,worlds ?an our little sol> ,sy/em c admit (4 ,besides1 %ew+ 9 a v evid5t ,light1 t ! ,au?orities cit$ 9 my fir/ ,lett] are f\nd$ ^u ! cle>e/ ,reason4 ,anaxagoras1 y say1 believ$ ! ,sun to be a ,lump ( r$-hot ,iron2 ,euripides ?\ght x a ,clod ( ,gold2 & o!rs /ill m ridicul\sly h imag9$ x to be a d>k ,body1 void ( all ,heat4 ,t ! ,sun is a va/ ,body ( blaz+ ,matt]1 not)/&+ ! v>i\s ,op9ions ( ^? primitive ,sages1 w1 ,i ?9k1 h>dly admit ( a ,"q3 ,s9ce ! kn[n ,w>m? ( 8 prolifick ,beams1 & ! visible ,effect ( ! ,burn+-glass1 puts x q out ( ! ,p[] ( our pres5t ,set ( ,s5ses1 at lea/ to argue aga9/ x2 & h[ reasonably we may imag9e ! ,/>s to be all ( ! same or l ,nature1 w suffici5tly appe> f ^! foll[+ ,consid]ations3 ,fir/1 x is well kn[n to all ,ma!maticians1 t any visible ,object ( any det]m9$ ,magnitude may be r$uc$ to ! ,appe>ance ( ,pa physical ,po9t1 by remov+ ! ,eye ( ! ,obs]v] to a prop] or proportionable ,di/ance f x1 )9 ! f9ite ,view3 ,& t ! app>5t ,diamet] ( e lum9\s cele/ial ,body1 w always be dim9i%$ reciprocally1 9 ,proportion to ! ,di/ance f ! ,eye1 till !y become altoge!r imp]ceptible4 ,footnote ,p3 ,:at is "h meant by a physical ,po9t1 is a ,po9t visible to ! nak$ ,eye1 :i* human ,art _c divide2 & s f> x p>takes ( ! ,prop]ty ( a ma!matical "o1 :i* is only to be conceiv$1 & n se54 ,?us ! ,disk ( ! ,sun1 :i* appe>s to u at ,e>? "u an ,angle ( ab\t half a ,degree1 if se5 f ! ,planet ,saturn1 w\ld appe> n mu* bigg] ?an ! ,planet ,v5us or ,jupit]1 9 _! mo/ neighb\r+ ,vic9ity does to u2 & consequ5tly to an ,eye plac$ 9 ! ,aphelion ,po9t ( ! ,orbit ( ! great ,comet ( #afhj1 8 app>5t ,diamet] w\ld be s r$uc$ z to seem b little bigg] ?an ! l>ge/ ( ! ,/>s2 & by ! same ,analogy1 or ,way ( ,reason+1 admitt+ ,space & ,di/ance inf9ite1 :i* ,i humbly appreh5d is n to be disput$1 7 all ! ,matt] 9 ! ,univ]se unit$1 & conglob$ 9 "o ,mass1 ) respect to ocul> ,s5sation1 x might be dim9i%$ s ne> to a ma!matical ,punctum1 z to be almo/ adequate to our ,ideas ( ,no?+4 ,?is to any tol]able ,optician1 mu/ be an evid5t ,conviction ( ! ,tru? ( ! mod]n ,a/ronomy1 :i* n[ univ]sally all[ all ^? radiant ,bodies ! ,/>s to be ( ! same ,nature ) ! ,sun2 & t z c]ta9ly !y are no o!r ?an va/ ,globes ( blaz+ ,matt]1 all und\bt$ly %9+ by _! own native ,light4 ,b z y h (t5 object$ to :at has be5 said ( ! ,di/ance ( ! ,/>s 9 g5]al1 & may possibly f a ,supposition1 t !y are1 or may be1 mu* ne>] to u1 inf]1 t _! ,light1 l t ( ! ,planets1 may be also borr[$ f ! ,sun1 or f "s o!r radiant ,body1 :i*1 f ! ,nature ( ! ,supposition1 mu/ ( ,consequ5ce be invisible to u1 ,i judge x w n be amiss to ?r[ a few demon/rative ,argum5ts 9 y\r ,way1 9 ord] to lead y a little out ( ! ,pa? ( an e>ly ,prejudice1 & draw y z x 7 by ,degrees ?r\gh ! ,dawn ( a/ronomical ,reason+1 out ( y\r orig9al ,error1 & rescue y\r ,imag9ation f ! false ,notions imbib$ f ,phnom5a only 9 y\r y\ng] ,ye>s4 ,?is ,i guess _c fail ( reconcil+ y to ?is m rational ,way ( ,?9k+1 & make y acqua9t$ ) ,tru?s ( mu* ,consequ5ce1 :i* p]haps y h yet be5 an intire ,/rang] to4 ,! gr& ,deceptio ,visus1 :i* ,i mu/ fir/ endeav\r to remove1 & :i* z a sort ( ,p>adox 9 ,nature1 has1 z ,i may say1 imprison$ ! ,und]/&+ ( _m sup]ficial ,reason]s1 & 9 g5]al all incuri\s ,m51 is ?is4 ,mo/ ,p are too apt to ?9k orig9ally1 t z ! ,heav5s appe> to be a va/ concave ,hemisph]e1 t ! ,/>s mu/ ( c\rse1 z ( ,consequ5ce1 be fix$ !re1 l s _m radiant ,/uds ( ,fire1 ( v>i\s ,magnitudes2 & take x = grant$1 *iefly design$ = no o!r ,purpose ?an to deck & adorn ! ,canopy ( our ,night4 ,?is 0 long ago ! ,op9ion ( ,?ales ! ,milesian1 & wants n ! ,au?ority ( _m ( ! ,anti5ts to back x4 ,o!rs1 9 p>ticul> ,q,ptolomy ( ,pelusium 9 ,africa1 :o f 8 ,exp]i5ce 9 ?is ,sci5ce1 is call$ by "s ! ,pr9ce ( ,a/ronom]s1 believ$ !m to be ,loop-holes 9 ! va/ solid cele/ial ,firmam5t1 emitt+ ! ,light ( ! ,cry/all9e ,heav5 ?r\gh x to all )9 x4 ,! fam\s ,diog5es1 ,cotempor>y ) ,plato1 conceiv$ !m to be ( ! ,nature ( ,pumice-/ones1 & incl9$ to an ,op9ion1 t !y 7 ! ,spiracula1 or ,brea?+-holes ( ,heav54 ,anaxagoras ?\ght !m ,/ones snat*$ up f ! ,e>? by ! ,rapidity ( its ,motion1 & set on ,fire 9 ! upp] ,regions above ! ,moon4 ,footnote ,q3 ,ptolomy suppos$ two ,heav5s above t ( ! fix$ ,/>s1 :i* he call$ ! eigh?2 viz4 a n9?1 ! ,cry/all9e1 & a t5? ! ,primum ,mobile4 ,see ,lett] ! second4 ,! sacr$ ,sun1 above ! ,wat]s rais'd1 ,?ro' ,heav'ns et]nal1 braz5 ,portals blaz'd2 ,& wide o'er ,e>? diffus'd 8 *e>+ ,ray1 ,to ,gods & ,m5 to give ! gold5 ,day4 ,hom]4 ,b h[ ridicul\s & absurd all ^! ,op9ions & ,conjectures really are1 w easily appe>1 if we b once consid] ! ,nature ( an unb\nd$ !r1 & ! amaz+ ,prop]ty ( inf9ite ,space4 ,?is1 ) :at has be5 said be=e1 w n a little assi/ y\r ,imag9ation t[>ds conceiv+ ! ,reasonabl5ess ( ! ,notion mod]n ,a/ronom]s are n[ confirm$ 91 ( _! be+ absolutely s _m burn+ ,balls1 & :i* 0 no d\bt1 _m ,ye>s ago1 ! ,op9ion ( ,manilius1 z is evid5t f ^! ,l9es 9 8 ,poem ( ! ,sph]e4 ,= h[ c we ! ris+ ,/>s conceive ,a casual ,production2 or believe ,( ! *ang'd ,heav'ns ! (t r5asc5t ,/ate ,sol's,rfrequ5t ,bir?s1 & 8 quotidian ,fate4 ,%]burne4 ,& aga91 9 ! same ,poem3 ,! fi]y ,/>s1 & !r t creates ,inf9ite ,orbs1 & o!rs dissipates4 ,footnote ,r3 ,x5ophanes believ$ ! ,/>s to be no o!r ?an ,cl\ds set on ,fire1 qu5*$ 9 ! ,day-"t1 & rek9dl$ 9 ! ,night4 ,zoroa/]1 ! fir/ ( all ,philosoph]s we read ( :o /udi$ ! ,/>s1 is report$ to h believ$ !m ( a fi]y ,nature4 ,emp$ocles judg$ !m to be ,fire !real1 /ruck =? 9 its ,secretion1 & blaz+ 9 ! upp] ,regions4 ,plato ?\ght !m ,fire1 ) ! ,mixture ( o!r ,elem5ts z ,cem5ts4 ,h]aclides ,worlds by !mselves1 ( ,e>?1 ,air1 & ,fire2 & ,ari/otle1 simple ,bodies ( ! ,sub/ance ( ,heav51 b m cond5s$4 ,b t ,i may n take up too mu* ( y\r ,"t ) ,op9ions t has be5 imbib$ 9 ! ,infancy ( ,a/ronomy1 & has long ago be5 explod$1 ,i %all attempt b "o ,?+ m to confirm y\r ,s5tim5ts 9 ?is new ,doctr9e4 ,fir/1 t ! ,/>s are all at a ,di/ance1 n to be det]m9$ by ! utmo/ ,p]fection ( human ,art1 is manife/ f _! hav+ v little1 or no s5sible ,s,p>allax2 & consequ5tly1 t any "o ( !m is absolutely bigg] or less ?an ano!r1 f ! simple ,laws ( ,opticks1 _c possibly come "u our ,obs]vation to be asc]ta9$2 b t !y all ( !m may be ne>ly ( ! same ,size or ,solidity1 is z impossible1 ) any ,%ew ( ,reason to d5y1 s9ce x is a kn[n ,pr9ciple 9 ,geometry1 t all visible ,objects naturally dim9i%1 z has be5 said be=e1 or are magnifi$ 9 a c]ta9 ,proportion to _! ,di/ance f ! ,eye2 & h5ce we may conclude1 & n )\t ,reason 9 its /ronge/ ,light to support u1 t ! smalle/ ,/>s1 to ! v lea/ ,d5om9ation1 are only remov$ respectively m di/ant f ! ,obs]v]'s ,/ation2 & t at lea/ ?is we may be c]ta9 (1 t !y are all toge!r und\bt$ly an ,inf9ity ( l ,bodies1 di/ribut$ ei!r promiscu\sly1 or 9 "s regul> ,ord] ?r\gh\t ! mundane ,space3 ,&1 z ,m>9o says1 ,respl5d5t ,sp>ks ( ! fir/ ,fire6 ,9 :i* ! ,beauty we admire1 ,& ,light ( ^? et]nal ,rays1 ,! uncreat$ ,m9d displays4 ,footnote ,s3 ,mr4 ,bradley1 ,a/ronom]-,royal1 has1 9 a great measure1 prov$ t ! ,ab]ration ( ! ,/>s hi!rto mi/ak5 = a ,p>allax1 may arise f1 & inde$ seems to be no o!r ?an ! progressive ,motion ( ,light1 & ,*ange ( ,place to ! ,eye1 aris+ f ! ,e>?'s annual ,motion & ,direction4 ,x rema9s n[ ,i ?9k to %ew1 & endeav\r to prove1 t ! ,/>s are n only light ,bodies ( ! ,nature ( ! ,sun1 b t !y are really s _m ,suns1 all p]=m+ l ,(fices ( ,heat & ,gravity1 9 a regul> ,ord]1 ?r\gh\t ! visible ,creation1 9 opposition to an ,op9ion y h =m]ly h9t$ at1 ( _! be+ 9 ano!r ,s5se ( a second>y ,nature4 ,all ,objects )9 ! s5sible ,sph]e ( ! ,sun's ,attraction1 or ,activity1 are 9 "s measure magnifi$ by a good ,telescope3 ,b ! ,/>s are all plac$ s f> )\t x1 t ! be/ ,glasses has no o!r ,effect ^u !m ?an mak+ !m appe> m vivid or lively1 b all innate opaque ,bodies1 reflect+ only a borr[$ ,light f "s prim>y "o1 contr>y to ?is ,prop]ty1 are all obs]v$ to lose _! ,light1 9 ! same ,proportion1 z !y are magnifi$1 & ?r\gh all ,glasses become m dull ?an o!rwise !y appe> to ! nak$ ,eye3 ,& h5ce we may inf]1 )\t any fur!r ,evid5ce1 t ! ,/>s are all light ,bodies end[$ ) native ,lu/re2 & t ,bodies1 l ! kn[n ,planets1 f ! same ,reason+1 x is z cle> !y _c be1 because _! ,di/ance1 ?\gh unc]ta9 z to ! ,tru? ( ! :ole1 yet su* a ,"p ( x z _c be d5i$1 w\ld r5d] !m all 9 su* a ,case invisible4 ,a ,pro( ( ?is w pla9ly pres5t itself1 if we consid] ! ,c\rse ( ! kn[n ,comets1 :o all ( !m1 )\t ,exception1 become imp]ceptible1 & intirely disappe>2 ?\gh mo/ ( !m mu* bigg] ?an ! ,e>?1 or any ( ! less] ,planets1 long be=e !y arrive at _! respective ,aphelions4 ,b we are "u a k9d ( ,necessity to believe !m ei!r ,suns or ,planets1 t is ei!r d>k or light ,bodies2 & s9ce ,i h %ewn ! ,improbability2 nay1 ,i may v5ture to say1 ! ,impossibility ( _! be+ ! fir/1 x is natural sure to conclude1 t !y mu/ be ( ! la/ ,sort2 & ,i am p]suad$1 if y b once consid] h[ ridicul\s x is to imag9e s va/ a ,numb] ( ,bodies1 all roll+ r\nd a ,numb] ( invisible ,suns1 :i* mu/ o!rwise be ! ,case1 s9ce !y are se5 on all ,sides ( ours1 & _c possibly be enlight5$ by him1 or any1 h[ all ( !m1 by any "o else1 y _c possibly h any sort ( ,difficulty 9 ?is ,det]m9ation3 ,b t no ,argum5ts may be want+ to en=ce y\r ,belief ( :at is "h conclud$1 x w n be amiss to put y 9 ,m9d ( an optical ,exp]im5t or two1 :i* _c fail ( conv9c+ y ( ! va/ ,probability ( :at is "h ass]t$ ( !m2 & next to a moral ,c]ta9ty1 demon/rate ! ,tru? ( :at s _m ( ! be/ ,a/ronom]s h advanc$1 z be=e namely1 t ! ,/>s are all1 or mo/ ( !m1 ,suns l ours4 ,place any concave ,l5se be=e y\r ,eye1 & y w f9d all visible ,objects w appe> ?r\gh x1 z remov$ to a mu* great] ,di/ance ?an !y really are at1 & reciprocally z mu* dim9i%$4 ,n[1 if y look ^u "o ( ^! ,glasses ( a prop] ,concavity1 oppos$ to ! ,sun or ,moon1 y w respectively h ! ,appe>ance ( a real ,/> or ,planet1 ! fir/ exhibit$ by ! ,body ( ! ,sun1 ! o!r by ! ,moon1 & ei!r m or less dim9i%$ 9 ,proportion to ! ,surface ( ! ,sph]e ! ,glass is gr\nd to4 ,= ,example1 a d\ble ,concave1 or ,glass ( a negative ,focus1 gr\nd to a ,sph]e ( ab\t ?ree ,in*es ,diamet]1 w if oppos$ to ! ,sun's ,disk at a prop] ,di/ance f ! ,eye1 help y to a v good ,idea h[ ! ,sun appe>s to ! ,planet ,jupit]2 & if a prop] ,reg>d be _h to ! ,di/ance ( ! ,planet ,saturn1 a ,l5se /ill m concave may be =m$ to give a j ,idea ( ! ,sun's ,appe>ance to ,saturn4 ,aga91 "o mu* m concave ?an ! =m]1 proportion$ to ! ,orbit ( ,m>s1 w naturally exhibit ! sol> ,body1 z se5 f t ,planet4 ,to ! ,planet ,v5us & ,m]cury1 ! ,sun appe>+ mu* l>g] ?an to u at ! ,e>?1 to h any tol]able ,notion ( 8 v>i$ ,phnom5a to !m1 x w be necess>y to procure ,glasses ( a suitable ,convexity1 gr\nd to reciprocal ,concaves1 :i* may easily be done to any ,focus1 s z to %ew h[ ! ,sun1 naturally appe>s to ! ,inhabitants ( ^? two ,planets4 ,! v>i\s ,appe>ances ( ! ,planets !mselves to u at ! ,e>?1 may also well en\gh be _h1 if ?r\gh ,glasses analag\s to _! respective ,di/ance & ,magnitude1 we look at ! ,moon1 p>ticul>ly all ! ,phases ( ,v5us1 & ev5 ( ,m]cury1 & ! ,gibosity ( ,m>s1 c4 may be ju/ly & beautifully repres5t$ at diff]5t ,ages ( ! ,moon1 z ^? ,planets appe> ?r\gh ! l>ge/ & be/ ,telescopes4 ,?is ,way y may conv9ce ev5 y\r ,fri5d 99 99 991 :o y tell me has reason$ all 8 ,s5ses useless1 & yet cont9ues s great an ,a!i/ 9 ,a/ronomy1 z n to believe ! ,_w turns r\nd ^u its ,axis1 ?\gh he gives no bett] ,reason = x ?an t ( 8 n be+ giddy4 ,aft] all ^! ,argum5ts1 ,i hope no new ,difficulties w arise to ret>d y\r ,belief1 or deprive ! ,/>s ( _! sol> ,nature1 s ju/ly due to !m3 ,?is ,po9t ga9$1 ! next ,?+ to be consid]$ is1 :e!r all ^? glori\s ,bodies1 ! f> great] ,"p ( :om be+ invisible to ! nak$ ,eye1 7 made purely & purposely = ! sole ,use ( ?is dim9itive ,_w1 our little trifl+ ,e>?4 ----,m51 conceit$ ,lords ( all1 ,walk pr\dly o'er ?is p5d5t ,ball1 ,fond ( _! little ,spot bel[1 ,nor great] ,be+s c>e to "k1 ,b ?9k ^? ,worlds1 :i* deck ! ,skies1 ,7 only =m'd to please _! ,eyes4 ,duck4 ,! v ,supposition n only implies a pr(\nd ,ignorance ( ! ,div9e ,attributes1 b is z impi\s1 & full ( ,vanity1 z x is errone\s & absurd1 & ev5 a ,bl9dness suffici5t ( itself1 7 !re no o!r ,cause = x1 to introduce ,idolatry 9 ! ,m9ds ( ,mortals1 by s9k+ ! div9e ,nature s ne> to ! human4 ,x be+ grant$ t ! ,/>s are all ( ! same ,k9d1 ,i ?9k x may be agre$1 t :at we ev9ce ( any "o may be all[$ to be true ( any o!r1 & consequ5tly ( all ! re/4 ,?is ,po/ulata ga9$1 ,i %all next proce$ to enquire :at ! real ,use & ,design ( s _m radiant ,bodies are1 or may be made =4 ,! ,sun we h ju/ly r$uc$ to ! ,/ate ( a ,/>1 :y !n 9 ,reason %\ld he h 8 att5dant ,planets r\nd him1 m ?an any ( ! re/1 8 und\bt$ ,equals8 ,no ,%ad[ ev5 ( a ,reason c be giv5 = su* an ,absurdity4 ,may we n ) ! greate/ ,confid5ce imag9e1 t ,nature z ju/ly abhors a ,vacuum 9 ,place1 z mu* z ,virtue does 9 ,"t8 ,surely yes3 ,& by suppos+ ! ,inf9ity ( ,/>s1 all c5t]s to z _m ,sy/ems ( innum]able ,worlds1 all alike unkn[n to u2 h[ naturally d we op5 to ourselves a va/ ,field ( ,probation1 & an endless ,sc5e ( ,hope to gr\nd our ,expectation ( an ev]-future ,happ9ess ^u1 suitable to ! native ,dignity ( ! awful ,m9d1 :i* made & compreh5ds x2 & ^: ,works are all z ! ,bus9ess ( an ,et]nity8 ,if ! ,/>s 7 orda9$ m]ely = ! ,use ( u1 :y s mu* ,extravagance & ,o/5tation 9 _! ,numb]1 ,nature1 & ,make8 ,= a mu* less ,quantity1 & small] ,bodies1 plac$ ne>] to u1 w\ld e ,way answ] ! va9 ,end we put !m to2 & besides1 9 all ,?+s else1 ,nature is mo/ frugal1 & takes ! ne>e/ ,way1 ?r\gh all h] ,works1 to op]ate & effect ! ,w ( ,god4 ,x sc>ce c be reckon$ m irrational1 to suppose ,animals ) ,eyes1 de/9$ to live 9 et]nal ,d>kness1 or )\t ,eyes to live 9 p]petual ,day1 ?an to imag9e ,space illum9at$1 :]e !re is no?+ to be act$ ^u1 or br\ght to ,light2 !re=e we may ju/ly suppose1 t s _m radiant ,bodies 7 n creat$ b>ely to enlight5 an inf9ite ,void1 b to make _! mu* m num]\s ,att5dants visible2 & in/ead ( discov]+ a va/ unb\nd$ desolate ,negation ( ,be+s1 display an inf9ite %apeless ,univ]se1 cr[d$ ) ,myriads ( glori\s ,worlds1 all v>i\sly revolv+ r\nd !m2 & :i* =m an ,atom1 to an indef9ite ,creation1 ) an inconceivable ,v>iety ( ,be+s & ,/ates1 animate & fill ! endless ,orb ( ,imm5sity4 ,t ! sid]eal ,planets are n visible to u1 c be no ,objection to _! actual ,exi/5ce1 & be+ !re1 is pla9 f ?is2 x is well kn[n1 t ! ,/>s !mselves1 :i* are _! ,c5tral1 & only radiant ,bodies1 are little m to u at ! ,e>?1 ?an ma!matical ,po9ts4 ,h[ ridicul\s !n is x to expect1 t any ( _! small opaque ,att5dance1 %\ld ev] be p]ceiv$ s f> z ! ,e>? by u2 & besides1 to %[ ! ,impossibility ( su* a ,discov]y1 we ne$ only consid]1 :at is1 & :at is n to be expect$1 or kn[n 9 our own home ,sy/em4 ,all ! ,planets 9 ?is our s5sible ,region1 e ,a/ronom] kn[s1 is f> f be+ visible to "o ano!r1 9 e individual ,sph]e2 = to an ,eye at ! ,orb ( ,saturn1 ?is ,e>? we live ^u1 :i* requires ,ye>s to circumscribe1 & ,ages to be made acqua9t$ )1 & is f> f be+ yet all kn[n1 _c possibly f ! above ,planet be se53 ,& fur!r1 s9ce ,saturn & ,jupit]1 two ( ! mo/ mat]ial & consid]able ,globes we "k (1 except ! ,sun himself1 are ,bodies app>5tly ( ! same k9d1 & are obs]v$ to h ea* a ,numb] ( less] ,planets mov+ r\nd !m2 :y may we n expect ) equal ,c]ta9ty & ,propriety1 t all o!r ,bodies1 "u ! same ,circum/ances1 are 9 l mann] att5d$2 t is1 see+ ! ,sun is f\nd to be ! ,c5t] ( a ,sy/em ( ,bodies1 all v>i\sly volv+ r\nd him8 :]e lies ! ,improbability ( 8 fell[ ,lum9>ies1 ! ,/>s1 be+ surr\nd$ 9 l sort1 ) m or less ( su* ,att5dance4 ,i %all (f] b "o ,?+ m to y\r ,consid]ation 9 ?is ,affair1 & :i* ,i am 9 great ,hopes w be suffici5t to make y ?9k ^! natural ,sugge/ions a good deal m ?an probable1 & t is ?is3 ,! mod]n ,a/ronom]s hav+1 9 a great measure1 prov$ t ! ,/>s are1 9 all respects1 va/ ,globes ( ,fire l our ,sun4 ,let u suppose a new-creat$ ,m9d1 or ?9k+ ,be+1 9 a pr(\nd ,/ate ( ,ignorance1 ) reg>d to ! ,nature ( all ext]nal ,objects1 b fully end[$ ) e human ,s5se & ,=ce ( ,reason1 susp5d$ 9 !r1 exactly 9 ! midway1 betwixt ,t,syrius & ! ,sun2 9 :i* ,case1 bo? ( ^! ,lum9>ies w\ld equally appe> mu* ab\t ! ,brightness ( ! l>ge/ ( our ,planets4 ,n[ %\ld su* a ,be+1 det]m9$ ei!r by ,accid5t or ,*oice1 arrive at ?is our ,sy/em ( ! ,sun1 & see+ all ! planet>y ,bodies mov+ r\nd him1 ,i w\ld ask y :at y ?9k he w\ld imag9e to be r\nd ,syrius8 ,y\r ,answ]1 ,i ?9k ,i may v5ture to say1 w\ld n be no?+2 & me?9ks ,i already he> y say1 ,:y ,planets su* z ours4 ,footnote ,t3 ,a ,/> ( ! fir/ ,magnitude 9 ! great] ,dog1 & ! mo/ neighb\r+ to our ,sun4 ,,plate ,,xi4 ,is design$ z a geometrical ,scale to all ! prim>y ,p>ts ( ! visible ,creation1 ) reg>d to ! ,di/ance ( ,orbits comp>$ ) ! ,globe ( ! ,sun2 by :i* at once may be conceiv$1 & ju/ly measur$ 9 ! ,m9d1 n only ! mean ,di/ance ( ! ,planets ) reg>d to "o ano!r1 b also t ( ! ,comets1 & ev5 ! comp>ative ,di/ances ( ! ne>e/ ( ! ,/>s1 :i* w1 ,i guess1 greatly help y to =m an ,idea ( ! va/ ,ext5t ( ,space necess>y to compreh5d ! :ole ,creation4 ,fig4 #a4 ,is a ,radius ( ! ,orbit ( ,m]cury1 9 true ,proportion to ! ,body ( ! ,sun repres5t$ at ,s1 %ew+ at ! same "t a small ,portion ( ! opaque ,planet's ,orbit1 & ! real ,l5g? ( its ,%ad[ at ,p4 ,fig4 #b4 ,is a ,radius ( ! :ole ,sy/em ( ! ,planets z f> z ! ,orbit ( ,saturn 9 ,proportion to a compleat ,orbit ( ,m]cury1 mu* less ?an ! =m]2 ! =m] s]v+ z a bett] kn[n ,scale to consid] ! amaz+ ,di/ances ( ! m remote ,planets by4 ,la/ly1 ,fig4 #c4 ,is a ,repres5tation ( ! lea/ possible ,di/ance ( ,syrius & ! ,sun1 proportionable to ! ,magnitude ( ! ,sph]e ( our ,comets1 c4 repres5t$ at ,s1 :]eby x evid5tly appe>s1 t z all ! ,planets ( ,syrius mu/ be includ$ )9 ! small ,sph]e repres5t$ 9 ! ,c5t] ,p1 none ( !m c\ld possibly be se5 at ! ,sun1 n only by reason ( ! ,smallness ( ! ,angle ( ,su/5sion1 or ,elongation1 b also z be+ lo/ 9 ! sup]ior ,light ( ,syrius himself1 9 s m9ute an ,orb ( ,vic9ity4 ,consequ5tly 7z y mu/ p]ceive7 no ,argum5ts c possibly be drawn to d5y ! ,exi/5ce ( su* ,bodies1 ) any ,%ew ( ,reason1 f _! n hav+ be5 se5 by u4 ,"h ,i mu/ obs]ve to y1 t y _c consid] ?is ,scale ( ,orbits too mu* be=e y look ^u ,plate ,,xvii4 ,to conclude1 x evid5tly seems to be ! ,end & ,design ( ,provid5ce1 by ?is visible ,v>iety ( ,be+s1 to lift ! ,m9ds ( ,m5 above ?is n>r[ ,e>?1 9 ,se>* ( t p[]ful ,be+ ^u :i* we are all s mu* dep5dant2 & ! ,creator1 no d\bt1 9 ?is va/ ,display ( 8 ,wisdom & ,p[]1 design$ ! amaz+ ,:ole1 z ! adequate ,object ( e ,"p1 & z su* equally op5 on all ,sides1 to ! p5etrat+ ,progress ( human ,m9ds1 & ?r\gh ! mo/ ext5sive ,faculty ( ,s5se1 ! ,sight1 to draw our ,reason & ,und]/&+ by ,degrees1 f f9ite ,objects into ,inf9ity2 & z ! la/ ,result ( cele/ial ,contemplations place )9 our ,rea*1 a c]ta9 ,evid5ce ( a future ,/ate1 & ! manife/ ,mansions ( ,rew>ds & ,puni%m5ts1 suit$ no d\bt mo/ equitably to all ,degrees ( ,virtue1 & to e ,vice4 ,:5 ,i consid] 7says ,mr4 ,addison1 speak+ z hav+ tak5 p>ticul> notice ( a f9e ,ev5+7 t inf9ite ,ho/ ( ,/>s1 or to speak m philosophically ( ,suns1 :i* 7 !n %9+ ^u me1 ) ^? innum]able ,sets ( ,planets or ,worlds1 :i* 7 !n mov+ r\nd _! respective ,suns2 :5 ,i /ill enl>ge ! ,idea1 & suppos$ ano!r ,heav5 ( ,suns & ,worlds ris+ /ill above ?is :i* we discov]$2 & ^! /ill enlight5$ by a sup]ior ,firmam5t ( ,lum9>ies1 :i* are plant$ at s great a ,di/ance1 t !y may appe> to ! ,inhabitants ( ! =m] z ! ,/>s d to u2 9 %ort1 :il/ ,i pursu$ ?is ,?\ght1 ,i c\ld n b reflect on t little insignificant ,figure :i* ,i myself bore among/ ! ,imm5sity ( ,god's ,works3 ,?is ,reflection1 ,i judge1 z y are an ,admir] ( ! ,au?or1 y w n look ^u z imp]t95t 9 ?is ,place1 especially z x mu/ en=ce :at ,i h endeav\r$ to %ew y1 namely1 ! ,reasonabl5ess ( a ,plurality ( sid]eal ,sy/ems1 & _! ,multiplicity ( ,worlds2 :i*1 if y are yet 9 ,d\bt (1 ,i hope y w at lea/ =give s well design$ an ,attempt ) y\r usual ,c&\r4 ,i am n[ prep>$ to proce$ 9 ! *ief ,design ( ?is ,und]tak+1 :i* is to solve ! ,phnom5a ( ! ,via ,lactea2 & propose 9 my next to answ] m fully y\r f>!r ,reque/4 ,i am1 c4 ,illu/ration ,,lett] ! ,,fif?4 ,( ! ,ord]1 ,di/ance1 & ,multiplicity ( ! ,/>s1 ! ,via ,lactea1 & ,ext5t ( ! visible ,creation4 ,,sir1 ,,we are told1 &1 if ,i rememb] "r1 x is also y\r ,op9ion1 t ?ree ( ! f9e/ ,sights 9 ,nature1 are a ris+ ,sun at ,sea1 a v]dant ,l&skip ) a ,ra9b[1 & a cle> ,/>-light ,ev5+3 ,all ( :i* ,i h myself (t5 obs]v$ ) va/ ,delight & ,pleasure4 ,! fir/ ,i h frequ5tly beheld1 & always ) an agreeable ,surprize2 ! second ,i h z (t5 tak5 notice (1 ) no small ,degree ( ,admiration2 b ! la/ ,i %all nev] look up to )\t an ,a/oni%m5t1 ev5 mix$ ) a k9d ( ,rapture4 ,! ,night y la/ left u1 ?is admirable ,sc5e 0 9 its full ,beauty2 &1 z ,milton says1 ,sil5ce 0 pleas'd3 n[ gl['d ! ,firmam5t ,) liv+ ,saphirs2 ,hesp]us t l$ ,! />ry ,ho/ rode brighte/4---- ,i f\nd x 0 impossible to look long ^u ?is /up5di\s ,sc5e1 s full ( amaz+ ,objects1 & p>ticul>ly ! ,via ,lactea1 :i* 7! ,moon be+ abs5t7 0 !n 9 great ,p]fection1 )\t be+ put 9 ,m9d ( my ,task4 ,?is surpriz+ ,zone ( ,light be+ ! *ief ,object ,i h und]tak5 to treat ( & demon/rate4 ,?is amaz+ ,phnom5on :i* h be5 ! ,occasion ( s _m ,fables1 idle ,romances1 & ridicul\s ,op9ions among/ ! ,anti5ts1 /ill cont9ues to be unacc\nt$ =1 & ev5 9 an ,age va9 en\gh to boa/ ,a/ronomy 9 its utmo/ ,p]fection4 ,:at w y say1 if ,i tell y1 x is my ,belief we are s f> f ! real ,summit ( ! ,sci5ce1 t we sc>ce yet "k ! ,rudim5ts ( :at may be expect$ f x4 ,?is lum9\s ,circle has (t5 engross$ my ,?\ghts1 & ( late has tak5 up all my idle ,h\rs2 & ,i am n[ 9 great ,hopes ,i h n only at la/ f\nd out ! real ,cause ( x1 b also by ! same ,hypo!sis1 :i* solves ?is ,appe>ance1 %all be able to demon/rate a mu* m rational ,!ory ( ! ,creation ?an hi!rto has be5 any :]e advanc$1 & at ! same ,"t give y an intire new ,idea ( ! ,univ]se1 or inf9ite ,sy/em ( ,?+s4 ,?is mo/ surpriz+ ,zone ( ,light1 :i* h employ$ successively = _m ,ages pa/1 ! wise/ ,heads among/ ! ,anti5ts1 to no o!r ,purpose ?an b>ely to describe x2 we f9d to be a p]fect ,circle1 & ne>ly bisect+ ! cele/ial ,sph]e1 b v irregul> 9 ,bread? & ,brightness1 & 9 _m ,places divid$ into d\ble ,/reams4 ,u,! pr9cipal ,"p ( x runs ?r\gh ! ,eagle1 ! ,swan1 ,cassiopea1 ,p]seus1 & ,auriga1 & cont9ues its ,c\rse by ! ,head ( ,monoc]os1 along by ! great] ,dog ?r\gh ! ,%ip1 & und]nea? ! ,c5taur's ,feet1 till hav+ pass$ ! ,alt]1 ! ,scorpion's ,tail1 & ! ,b[ ( ,aqu>ius1 x ends at la/ :]e x begun4 ,footnote ,u3 ----,c>ri$ t[>d ! oppos$ ,be>s1 ,its ,c\rse close by ! ,artick ,circle /e]s1 ,& by inv]t$ ,cassiopea t5ds2 ,!nce by ! ,swan obliquely x desc5ds ,! ,summ] ,tropick1 & ,jove's ,bird divides2 ,!n cross ! ,equator1 & ! ,zodiack glides ',twixt ,scorpio's burn+ ,tail1 & ! left ,"p ,( ,sagit>ius1 ne> ! fi]y ,d>t2 ,!n by ! o!r ,c5taur's ,legs & ,feet1 ,w9d+ rem\nts ! ,skies 7aga9 to meet7 ,by ,argos' ,topsail1 & ,heav'ns middle ,sph]e1 ,pass+ ! ,tw9s1 t' o'ertake ! ,*>iote]2 ,!nce ,cassiopea seek+ !e does run1 ,o're ,p]seus ,head1 & ,ends :]e x begun4 ,%]4 ,manilius4 ,,plate ,,xii1 & ,,xiii4 ,repres5ts ! two ,hemisph]es1 :]e its true ,tract is di/+ui%$ among/ ! pr9cipal ,/>s1 & may easily be conceiv$ by !m to circumscribe & bisect ! :ole ,heav5s4 ,?is is t ,phnom5a ,i am ab\t to expla9 & acc\nt =2 b be=e ,i proce$ f>!r1 ,i judge x w be no improp] ,precognita1 to give y ! ,?\ghts ( ! ,anti5ts ^u x2 ! ,relation p]haps may require "s ,pati5ce2 b ,i guess1 t aft] read+ su* wild & extravagant ,notions conc]n+ x1 y w naturally judge m fav\rably ( ! ,conjectures ( ! ,mod]ns ^u x1 & p>ticul>ly ( :at is conclud$ 9 ! succe$+ ,pages4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xii4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xiii4 ,!ophra/us,v 0 ( ,op9ion1 t ! ,hemisph]es1 :i*1 by _m ( ! ,anti5ts 7 imag9$ to be solid1 0 jo9$ toge!r "h2 & t ?is 0 ! sold]+ ( ! two ,p>ts into "o4 ,w,diodorus ?\ght x cele/ial ,fire1 ( a d5se & compact ,nature1 se5 ?r\gh ! ,clifts or ,cracks ( ! p>t+ ,hemisph]e3 ,b z ,manilius says1 ,a/oni%m5t mu/ sure _! ,s5ses rea*1 ,to see ! ,_w's wide ,w\nd1 & ,heav'n's et]nal ,brea*4 ,footnote ,v3 ,macrobius1 lib4 i4 cap4 #ae4 ,or meets ,heav5 "h6 & ?is :ile ,cl\d appe>s ,! ,cem5t ( ! close-w$g'd ,hemisph]es6 ,footnote ,w3 ,! sacr$ ,causes human ,brea/s enquire1 ,:e!r ! heav5ly ,segm5ts !re retire1 ,! :ole ,mass %r9k+1 & ! p>t+ ,fame ,?ro' cleav+ ,*9ks admits ! /rang] ,flame4 ,o5opides,x believ$ x ! anci5t ,way ( ! ,sun1 till fright$ at ! bloody ,banquet ( ,?ye/is4 ,y,erato/h5es suppos$ x ,juno's ,milk1 spilt :il/ giv+ ,suck to ,h]cules4 ,z,plut>* makes x ! ,effect ( ,phaeton's confus$ ,erratication2 b ,i ?9k x is pla9 ,,aa,ovid judg$ !m to be ,/>s1 & ! anci5t ,e?nicks believ$ !m to be ! blissful ,seats ( valiant & h]oic ,s\ls4 ----,valiant ,s\ls1 fre$ f corporeal ,gives1 ,?i!r repair1 & lead !real ,lives4 ,manilius4 ,footnote ,x3 ,or seems t old ,op9ion ( m ,sway1 ,t ! ,sun's ,horses "h once run a/ray1 ,& a new ,pa? m>k'd 9 _! /raggl+ ,flight1 ,( scor*+ ,skies1 & ,/>s adu/$ ,light4 ,footnote ,y3 ,nor mu/ t g5tle ,rum\r be suppre/1 ,h[ ,milk once fl[+ f fair ,juno's ,brea/ ,/a9'd ! cele/ial ,pavem5t1 f :5ce came ,?is milky ,pa?1 its ,cause %ewn 9 its ,"n4 ,footnote ,z3 ,:5 f ! hurri$ ,*>iot ,light'n+ fl$1 ,& scatt]'d blazes all ! ,skies o'erspread2 ,by ^: ,approa* new ,/>s enk9dl$ 71 ,:i* /ill z ,m>ks ( t sad ,*ance appe>4 ,manilius4 ,footnote ,,aa3 ,a ,way !re is 9 ,heav5's exp&$ ,pla9 ,:i* :5 ! ,skies are cle>1 is se5 bel[1 ,& ,mortals by ! ,"n ( ,milky1 "k1 ,! ,gr\nd-"w is ( ,/>s---- ,ovid's ,met4 lib4 i4 ,b ,,ab,democritus long ago believ$ !m to be an inf9ite ,numb] ( small ,/>s2 & su* ( late ,ye>s !y h be5 discov]$ to be1 fir/ by ,gallaleo1 next by ,kepl>1 & n[ confirm$ by all mod]n ,a/ronom]s1 :o h ev] _h an ,opportunity ( see+ !m ?r\gh a good ,telescope4 ,footnote ,,ab3 ,plut>* 79 ,placitis ,philosoph47 ,,plate ,,xiv4 ,is f an ,obs]vation ,i made myself1 ( a bright ,"p ( ?is ,zone ne> ! ,feet ( ,ant9\s2 :i*1 7by a ,mi/ake ( ! ,engrav]7 is1 z x appe>s ?r\gh a ,tube ( two convex ,glasses4 ,i saw x ?r\gh a v good ,reflector1 & =m$ ! ,plan by a ,comb9ation ( ,triangles4 ,milton takes notice ( ?is ,zone 9 a mo/ beautiful ,mann]1 :]e he describes ! ,creator's ,return f 8 six ,day's ,"w to ,heav51 he introduces x z a ,simile to express 8 ,idea ( ! et]nal ,way1 or ,road to ! cele/ial ,mansions4 ----,a broad & ample ,road1 ^: ,du/ is ,gold ,& ,pavem5t ,/>s1 z ,/>s to !e appe>1 ,se5 9 ! ,galaxie1 t ,milky ,way1 ,:i* nightly z a circl+ ,zone ?\ see/ ,p[d]'d ) ,/>s4 ,b to inf] f _! ,appe>ance only1 t !y are really ,/>s1 )\t consid]+ _! ,nature & ,di/ance2 & t no?+ b ,/>s c\ld possibly produce su* an ,effect1 may p]haps be assum+ too mu*1 :5 we h no?+ b ! b>e ,cr$it ( ! ,belgic ,glasses to support our ,conjectures2 & al?\gh ?is may be suffici5t = any ,ma!matician1 yet = y\r great] ,satisfaction1 ,i h ?\ght prop] to give two or ?ree m ev9c+ ,argum5ts1 to confirm ^! important ,discov]ies4 ,democritus1 z ,i h said be=e1 believ$ !m to be ,/>s long be=e ,a/ronomy reap$ any ,b5efit f ! improv$ ,sci5ces ( ,optics2 & saw1 z we may say1 ?r\gh ! ,eye ( ,reason1 full z f> into ,inf9ity z ! mo/ able ,a/ronom]s 9 m advantage\s ,times h done s9ce1 ev5 assi/$ ) _! be/ ,glasses3 ,& 8 ,conjectures are almo/ z old z ! philolaic ,sy/em ( ! ,planets itself2 ! ,con/ruction ( :i*1 ?\gh attempt$ by _m1 none h ev] yet be5 able to confute4 ,! ,light :i* naturally fl[s f ?is ,cr[d ( radiant ,bodies is mixt & confus$1 *iefly occasion$ by ! ,agitation ( our ,atmosph]e1 & f a ,union ( _! ,rays ( ,light1 by a too ne> ,proximity ( _! ,beams1 altoge!r !y appe> l a ,riv] ( ,milk1 b m ( a pelucid ,nature1 runn+ all r\nd ! />ry ,regions4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xiv4 ,= 9 ! azure ,skies its c&id ,way ,%9es l ! dawn+ ,morn1 or clos+ ,day4 ,!re are also _m m su* lum9\s ,spaces to be f\nd 9 ! ,heav5s ( ! same ,nature ) ^!1 :i* we "k to be ,/>s2 9 p>ticul> ! ,nebul1 or cl\dy ,/> 9 ! ,prsepe ( #cf2 a cl\dy ,/> 9 ,orion ( #ba2 ,,aca cl\dy ,,ad,knot n f> f ?is 9 ! same ,a/]ism ( #hj2 9 "o ,degree ( ! same ,con/ellation #ejj1 & 9 ! :ole ,=m above ,,ae#bjjj4 ,all ( :i* are great ,confirmations ( ! ,tru? ( our ,ass]tion1 i4 e4 t ?is ,zone ( ,light proce$s f an inf9ite ,numb] ( small ,/>s4 ,"h x w n be amiss to obs]ve1 t x has be5 conjectur$1 & is /rongly suspect$1 t a prop] ,numb] ( ,rays1 meet+ f diff]5t ,directions1 become ,flame2 & t h5ce x may prove n ! ,sun's real ,body :i* we daily see1 b only 8 inflam$ ,atmosph]e4 ,i beg9 to be ( ,op9ion1 & ,i ?9k n )\t ,reason1 t ! true ,magnitude ( ! ,sun is n ne> :at ! mod]n ,a/ronom]s h made x2 & t x may n possibly be mu* above two ,?irds ( :at x appe>s to u2 ,i don't mean t ?is ,expansion ( ! sol> ,flame is any ,"p ( t dilat$ ,light m5tion$ by ,sir ,isaac ,newton1 & conceiv$ to be r\nd all light ,bodies 9 g5]al2 b y may consid] x z n mu* diff]+ f x1 n ( an unlike ,nature1 only great] 9 ,degree1 & peculi> to ! ,sun & ,/>s1 :o are all1 z has be5 be=e 9 a mann] demon/rat$ to be actually ,globes ( ,fire4 ,footnote ,,ac3 ,vide ,galilo ,footnote ,,ad3 ,betwixt ! ,sword & ,girdle ( ,orion4 ,footnote ,,ae3 ,vide ,rei?a4 ,?is1 ?o' ,i presume to call x at pres5t only me] ,hypo!sis1 w 9 a great measure acc\nt = ! excessive ,*anges 9 ! ,con/itution ( our ,air & ,atmosph]e1 :i* we (t5 f9d v unnatural to ! ,season2 also be a ,means p]haps ( reconcil+ ! va/ ,disproportion s v rem>kable betwixt ! ,sun & ! less] ,planets1 & _m o!r ,circum/ances 9 ! ,sy/em ( no small ,consequ5ce 9 ,a/ronomy3 ,"o ( :i* ,p>ticul>s y h frequ5tly express$ a great ,mi/ru/ & ,disapprobation (1 z suspect+ "s k9d ( a ,fallacy 9 ! ,computation2 & ! o!r is ,matt] ( g5]al ,compla9t1 be+ by _m attribut$ to a ,*ange 9 ! ,direction ( ! ,e>?'s ,axis,,af2 & by "s1 especially ! ,vulg>1 to too ne> an ,approximation ( ! ,e>? to "s "o ( ! cele/ial ,bodies4 ,b all ?is w v naturally be acc\nt$ = by ! ,levity1 or exp&+ ,quality ( ! ,sun's circumambi5t ,flame1 or ,atmosph]e2 & h5ce1 accord+ to its v>i\s ,/ate1 be+ m cond5s$1 or r>e1 we may h ,heat or ,cold 9 ! greate/ ,extream1 & alt]nately s1 9 a p]petual ,vicissitude4 ,footnote ,,af3 ,:i*1 ?r\gh ,ignorance ( ! true ,case1 is commonly call$ a ,%ock1 a ,bru%1 or ,%ove4 ,! ,tru? ( ?is ,doctr9e w evid5tly appe> f ! ,obs]vations ( ! ,sun's ,diamet] ?r\gh ! ,ye> #affj1 by ! indefatigable ,m\ton3 ,&1 ,i mu/ own1 ,i am n a little surpriz$ to f9d t no ,conclusions h be5 drawn f !m ( ?is ,k9d4 ,i am p]swad$1 if y once comp>e ^? ,numb]s1 y w be v f> f ?9k+ ?is an improbable ,sugge/ion4 ,b ?is ,digression has l$ me a little too f> f ! ,via ,lactea1 & too ne> home aga92 ,i mu/ n[ ?9k ( return+ to ! ,/>s1 & my next ,endeav\rs mu/ be to give y "s ,idea ( ! ,numb] ( !m4 ,?r\gh v good ,telescopes !re h be5 discov]$ 9 _m ,p>ts ( ?is enlight5$ ,space1 & ev5 out ( x1 sev]al ?\s& ,/>s 9 ! ,compass ( "o squ>e ,degree2 9 p>ticul> ne> ! ,sword ( ,p]seus1 & 9 ! ,con/ellations ( ,,ag,taurus & ,orion4 ,footnote ,,ag3 ,galilo 9 "o cl\dy ,/> ( ?is ,con/ellation1 discov]$ no less ?an tw5ty-"o1 & 9 t ( ! ,prsepe ?irty-six4 ,,plate ,,xv4 ,repres5ts ! ,pleides1 a well kn[n ,knot ( ,/>s 9 ! ,sign ,taurus1 z !y appe>$ to me ?ro' a "o ,foot reflect+ ,telescope3 ,& ,plate ,,xvi4 is a ,view ( ! ,p]sides1 ano!r surpriz+ ,knot ( ,/>s 9 ! ,con/ellation ,p]seus1 exactly z !y appe> ?r\gh a ,tube ( two convex ,glasses4 ,!re are also o!r lum9\s ,spaces 9 ! />ry ,regions1 n unlike ! ,milky ,way1 :i* ,i h _h no ,opportunity ( obs]v+2 su* z ! ,nebecul1 ne> ! ,s\? ,pole1 call$ by ! ,seam5 ,magellanic ,cl\ds2 & :i* likewise view$ ?r\gh ,telescopes1 pres5t u ) little ,nebul1 & small ,/>s int]sp]s$3 ,"o ( ^! ,k9d is situat$ betwe5 ,hydrus & ,dorado2 & ano!r1 some?+ less ?an ?is1 betwixt ,hydrus & ! ,t\can4 ,n[ admitt+ ! ,bread? ( ! ,via ,lactea to be at a ,mean b n9e ,degrees1 & suppos+ only twelve hundr$ ,/>s 9 e squ>e ,degree1 !re w be ne>ly 9 ! :ole orbicul> ,area #c1hhh1jjj ,/>s1 & all ^! 9 a v m9ute ,portion ( ! great ,expanse ( ,heav54 ,:at6 a va/ ,idea ( endless ,be+s mu/ ?is produce & g5]ate 9 our ,m9ds2 & :5 we consid] !m all z flam+ ,suns1 ,prog5itors1 & ,primum ,mobiles ( a /ill mu* great] ,numb] ( peopl$ ,worlds1 :at less ?an an ,inf9ity c circumscribe !m1 less ?an an ,et]nity compreh5d !m1 or less ?an ,omnipot5ce produce & support !m1 & :]e c our ,wond] cease8 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xv4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xvi4 ,9 ?is ,place p]haps ,i ought n to pass ov] ! a/oni%+ ,ph5om5on ( sev]al new ,/>s1 c4 :i* h frequ5tly appe>$1 & soon aga9 vani%$1 9 ! same ,po9t ( ! ,heav5s4 ,b z ! ,bus9ess ( ?is ,!ory is r to solve ! g5]al1 ?an any p>ticul> ,phnom5on1 ,i %all only "h by way ( ,note subjo9 a ,table ( su* z has be5 regul>ly obs]v$1 & by :om !y 7 fir/ discov]$4 ,a ,table ( sev]al new ,/>s1 ,nebul1 & d\ble ,/>s1 c4 ,nom9a ,/ell>um4 ,obs]vationum4 ,septima ,pleiadum ,lo/ aft] ! burn+ ( ,troy1 b n[ return$2 see ,ricciolus4 ,a new ,/> appe>$ 9 ,cassiopea1 ,anno ,dom4 #ide1 bright z ne>ly 9 ! same ,place ) t ,jupit]2 see ,ricciolus4 ( #aegb4 ,! new ,/> 9 ,cassiopea's ,*air4 ,bright z ,v5us1 f ,novemb] #aegb to ,m>* #aegd4 ,( ! #c;d ,magnitude1 is said to ,a new ,/> 9 ,collo ,ceti4 h appe>'d p]iodically1 sev5 ,times 9 six ,ye>s1 i4 e4 e ?ree hundr$ & ?irte5 ,days3 ,x 0 fir/ obs]v$ 9 ,augu/ #aeif1 = two ,mon?s1 by ,d4 ,fabricius4 ,obs]v$ by ,kepl] 9 #afjj1 ( ,a new ,/> 9 ! ,swan's ,neck4 ! ?ird ,magnitude1 till ! ,ye> #afei2 !n gradually decreas+2 9 #affa x disappe>$2 9 #afff x became visible aga91 & is yet to be se5 ( ! six? ,magnitude4 ,a new ,/> 9 ! ,"r ,foot ( ,bright z ,v5us f ,octob] ,s]p5t>ius1 #afjd to ,octob] #afje3 see ,kepl]4 ,a new ,/> 9 ,&rom$a's ,girdle1 ,se5 by ,simon ,m>ius & ,fabricius1 ,anno #afab4 ,a new ,/> 9 ,ant9\s1 ,se5 by ,ju/us ,byrgius4 ,9 #afch1 by ,john ,procyclides ,a new ,/> se5 9 ! ,:ale1 ,holu>da1 ( ! ?ird ,magnitude1 :i* disappe>$ p]iodically1 e ?ree hundr$ & ?irty ,days4 ,( ! ?ird ,magnitude1 se5 by ,a new ,/> 9 ! ,fox's ,head1 ,hevelius 9 ,july #afgj1 & till ,augu/ #afga1 also f ,m>* #afgb to ,septemb] #afgb4 ,?is appe>'d p]iodically e ,a new ,/> 9 ! ,swan's ,neck4 f\r hundr$ & f\r ,days1 & ab\t six ,mon?s at a ,"t2 x 0 se5 at its brighte/1 ,septemb] #aj1 #agad4 ,( ! ,nebul1 or ,cl\dy ,/>s4 ,nebulose 9 ,orion's ,sword4 ,nebulose 9 ,&rom$a's ,girdle4 ,nebulose 9 ! ,b[ ( ,sagit>ius1 ,small1 b v lum9\s4 ,nebulose 9 ,c5taurus1 ,nev] se5 9 ,engl&4 ,a ,nebulose prec$+ ! "r ,foot ,obscure1 b ) a ,/> 9 ! ( ,ant9\s1 ,middle ( x4 ,nebul 9 ,dorso ,h]culis1 ,discov]$ by ,dr4 ,hally4 ,besides ! ,nebul1 & new ,/>s1 x appe>s f ! anci5t ,catalogues ( ,hevelius1 c4 t "s ( ! old ones h intirely vani%$2 9 p>ticul>1 "o 9 ! left ,?igh ( ,aqu>ius1 ! contigu\s "o prec$+ 9 ! ,tail ( ,capricorn2 ! second on ! ,belly ( ! ,:ale2 ! fir/ ( ! un=m$ ones aft] ! ,scales ( ,libra1 & sev]al o!rs4 ,_m ( ! ,/>s also appe> to be d\ble1 z ! fir/ ,/> ( ,aries & ,ca/or2 o!rs triple1 z "o 9 ! ,pleiades2 & ! middle "o 9 ,orion's ,sabre2 & o!rs aga91 quadruple1 c4 ,i w\ld n[ will+ly help y to conceive ! indef9ite mutual ,di/ance ( ! ,/>s1 9 ord] to give y "s small ,notion ( ! ,imm5sity ( ,space2 b z ?is w be a ,task m]ely conjectural1 ,i %all only desire y to believe x z f> z y\r ,reason w c>ry y1 safely support$ by an obvi\s ,probability4 ,p]haps x may be necess>y "h to acqua9t y1 t all ! ,/>s are s f> app>5tly ( diff]5t ,magnitudes1 t no two ( !m are to be f\nd 9 ! :ole ,heav5s exactly ! same1 ei!r 9 ,bigness or ,brightness,,ah4 ,! l>ge/ we h suffici5t ,reason to believe is ! ne>e/ to u2 ! next 9 ,bigness & ,brightness m remote2 & s on to ! lea/ we see1 :i* we judge to be ! mo/ remote ( all4 ,! fir/ ,degree1 or t ( ! l>ge/ ,magnitude1 we give to ,syrius1 ! second to ,arcturus1 ! ?ird to ,aldeb>an1 ! f\r? to ,lyra1 ! fif? to ,capella1 ! six? to ,regulus1 ! sev5? to ,rigel1 ! eigh? to ,fomahaunt1 & ! n9? to ,ant>us3 ,^! are all said to be ( ! fir/ ,class2 & besides :i*1 !re are at lea/1 )9 ! ,rea* ( our late/ improv$ ,opticks1 n9e m ,d5om9ations )9 ! ,radius ( ! visible ,creation4 ,footnote ,,ah3 ,a v little ,k 9 ,opticks w r5d] ?is indisputable1 & has be5 9 a great measure demon/rat$ be=e2 #a4 9 ! ,great ,dog2 #b4 9 ,bootes2 #c4 9 ! ,bull2 #d4 9 ! ,h>p ( ,apollo2 #e4 9 ,auriga2 #f4 9 ! ,lion2 #g4 9 ,orion2 #h4 9 ! ,s\!rn ,fi%2 #i4 at ! ,end ( ,erridanus4 ,n[1 by ! c]ta9 ,return ( ! ,comets1 :i* we f9d are all gov]n$ by ! ,laws ( ?is ,sy/em1 & suppos$ to be undi/urb$ by any ( ! o!rs1 we _c avoid conclud+1 if we consid] !m at all to ! ,purpose1 t ! ne>e/ ,/>s _c be less di/ant ?an twice ! ,radius ( ! greate/ ,orbit belong+ to ! ,sun4 ,mo/ ,ma!maticians ?9k ?is a great deal too ne>1 z x mu/ ( c\rse make all ! ,sy/ems jo91 z 9 ,contact2 & ,i ?9k we may safely add1 to sep>ate _! ,sph]es ( ,attraction1 at lea/ "o ,half ( ?is ,di/ance m1 :i* w make 9 ! ,:ole ab\t f\r hundr$ & tw5ty ,semi-orbits ( ! ,e>?1 or #cc1fjj1jjj1jjj ,miles4 ,?is ev5 ! +5i\s ,mr4 ,huyg9s endeav\rs to prove /ill mu* too little1 & 8 ,argum5ts are su* z _c easily be refut$4 ,8 ,pr9ciple is gr\nd$ ^u ! kn[n ,laws ( ,analogy1 z consid]$ 9 ! ,proportion ( light ,surfaces1 & is z foll[s4 ,hav+ r$uc$ ! ,sun's ,disk to ! ,appe>ance ( ! ,/> ,syrius1 by ! ,help ( a small ,hole at ! ,end ( 8 ,telescope1 & comp>+ ?is ,"p ( 8 ,surface to ! :ole ,disk ( ! ,sun1 he inf]s t ! ,/>s ,di/ance to t ( ! ,sun mu/ be z #bg1ffd to #a4 ,h5ce ,syrius f u w be ne>ly 7avoid+ ,units7 #b1bac1abj1jjj1jjj ,miles3 ,b ?is ,i take to be z mu* too l>ge z ! =m] is too little2 yet1 z ,mr4 ,bradley has1 ) "s ,%ew ( ,reason1 bani%$ all ! ,/>s out ( ! ,sph]e ( ,p>allax1 ! la/ is ! only ,me?od we c possibly make use ( ) any k9d ( ,confid5ce2 & ,sir ,isaac ,newton endeav\rs to recomm5d x ) great ,=ce ( ,argum5t1 z ! only probable ,means by :i* we c give any tol]able ,guess at ^! imm5se ,measurem5ts ( ,space4 ,to mod]ate ! ,matt] !n if y please1 all[ me b to make use ( a ,mean betwixt ! two =e-m5tion$ ,numb]s2 & we may take x = grant$1 a ,di/ance suffici5tly exact1 to suit all our ,wants 9 ! pres5t ,case1 namely1 to give a v tol]able ,idea ( ! ,ext5t ( ! visible ,creation1 :i* is all ,i propose 9 ?is ,place to attempt2 b ,i mean to be mu* m exact 9 ano!r4 ,n[ z ! ,di/ance f ! ,sun to ! ,e>? is s small 9 ,proportion to ! ,di/ance ( ! ,/>s f u1 & f "o ano!r1 we may v well consid] ! ,sun z ! ,c5t] ( our ,/ation1 or ,position 9 ! g5]al ,sy/em or ,frame ( ,nature4 ,& z ! ,/>s are v visible ?ro' good ,telescopes1 to ! n9? or t5? ,magnitude1 if we multiply ! prim>y ,di/ance ( ,syrius1 or ( any o!r ( 8 ,class1 by ?is ,numb] ( common int]m$iate ,spaces1 ! ,product w be equal to ! ,radius ( ! visible ,creation to ! sol> ,eye2 :i*1 by ?is ,rule1 y w f9d 9 capital ,numb]s to be ,,aine>ly #f1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,miles1 tak+ 9 a ,/> ( ! six? ,magnitude1 & to a ,/> ( ! n9?1 #i1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,miles3 ,b ?is ,computation supposes a mean common ,di/ance ( ! ,/>s 9 a sort ( ,syzygia1 or ,direction ( a ,"r ,l9e1 :i* is n ! real ,case2 = ! ,/>s _c be suppos$ to dim9i% 9 a proportional ,magnitude by any ma!matical ,ratio1 b by "s geometrical1 or r musical "o2 = ,in/ance1 if ! ,di/ance ( a fir/ be #c1 t ( a second %\ld be ab\t #e1 & ( a proportional ,?ird #h1ccc1 c4 ad inf9itum3 ,b z _! true proportional ,di/ance is unkn[n1 ! above w be suffici5t = our pres5t ,purpose2 :i* is only to %ew1 )\t ,exagg]ation1 ! ,space we n[ are truly s5sible (4 ,footnote ,,ai3 ,if ! ,di/ance ( ! ,sun & ,e>? is f\nd too mu*1 :i* ,i mu/ own ,i h a viol5t ,suspicion (1 ^! ,numb]s mu/ be r$uc$ 9 l ,proportion4 ,?is ,i h "h consid]$ m ext5sively1 to obviate all ,objections t y may make to ! ,probability ( ! g5]al ,motion ( ! ,/>s1 by %ew+ no ,difficulty c possibly arise f _! app>5t ,proximity1 ,numb]1 or irregul> ,di/ribution3 ,_! ,di/ances be+ s imm5sely l>ge1 no ,disord] or ,confusion c be suppos$ 9 any ,direction ( !m1 or ,motion :atev]4 ,! greate/ ,di/ance ( ! ,planets1 :i* all move undi/urb$ r\nd ! ,sun1 is ab\t ?ree hundr$ & fifty-?ree ,million ( ,miles3 ,b ! lea/ ,di/ance ( "o ,/> f ano!r1 is upw>ds ( two ?\s& eight hundr$ & ?irty-two ,times t ,di/ance1 or "o ,million ( ,millions ( ,miles3 ,& z no s5sible ,disord] c be obs]v$ among/ ! sol> ,planets1 :at ,reason h we to suppose any c be occasion$ among/ ! ,/>s1 or t a g5]al ,motion ( ^! prim>y ,lum9>ies r\nd a common ,c5t]1 %\ld be any way irrational1 or unnatural8 ,:at an amaz+ ,sc5e does ?is display to u6 :at inconceivable ,va/ness & ,magnific5ce ( ,p[] does su* a ,frame unfold6 ,suns cr[d+ ^u ,suns1 to our weak ,s5se1 indef9itely di/ant f ea* o!r2 & ,miriads ( ,miriads ( ,mansions1 l our own1 peopl+ ,inf9ity1 all subject to ! same ,creator's ,w2 a ,univ]se ( ,worlds1 all deck'd ) ,m\nta9s1 ,lakes1 & ,seas1 ,h]bs1 ,animals1 & ,riv]s1 ,rocks1 ,caves1 & ,trees2 & all ! ,produce ( indulg5t ,wisdom1 to *e> ,inf9ity ) endless ,be+s1 to :om 8 ,omnipot5ce may give a v>iegat$ et]nal ,life4 ,! a/oni%+ ,di/ance ( ! />ry ,mansions und\bt$ly 0 design'd to answ] "s wise ,end3 ,"o ,consequ5ce is ?is1 & probably is n )\t its ,use3 ,to e ,planet ( ! same ,sy/em1 ! same sid]eal ,face ( ,heav5 appe>s )\t ! lea/ ,degree ( ,*ange2 & z ! remote/ ,regions ^u ,e>? see ! same ,moon & ,planets1 s also ! ,inhabitants ( ! mo/ di/ant ,planets 9 ours1 or 9 any o!r ,sy/em1 see ! same ,=ms & ,ord] ( ! ,/>s 9 common ) ! re/4 ,! :ole ,sph]e ( ,heav5 be+ common & un*angeable ?r\gh all _! v>i\s ,revolutions4 ,?us ^? 7! ,p7 9 ! ,planet ,v5us w see ! ,con/ellation ( ,orion j z we d1 & ! ,p 9 ! ,planet ,saturn1 mu* f>!r /ill remov$1 alike w view ?is ,con/ellation 9 all respects ! same2 "h !n1 79 ! ,sy/em ( ! ,sun7 ! ,eye remov$ f u mu/ only hope to f9d a new ,e>? surr\nd$ ) ! same sort ( ,sky3 ,b ,be+s 9 ano!r ,sy/em1 behold n only a new ,heav5 above1 b also new ,e>?s bel[2 & all ! ,frame ( ,nature to !m puts on a new ,dress1 new ,signs1 new ,seasons1 & new ,planets roll1 & a new ,sun r5ews ! ,day4 ,! ,hea!n ,fables "h are all eras$ ) all ! ,immortality ( _! va9 e>?ly ,gods & ,h]oes2 ,p]seus & ,alcides are no m1 & bo? ! ,be>s are vani%$2 ! ,pleiades & ! ,hyads jo91 & %9+ ,leo1 ?\gh boa/+ two ,/>s ( ! fir/ ,magnitude ) u1 !re no :]e c be f\nd1 lo/ 9 ! common undi/+ui%$ ,h]d4 ,b /ill ,a/ronomy w exi/1 & new-fram$ ,=ms may fill ! v>i$ ,sc5e4 ,p]haps y may expect t ,i %\ld "h give y my ,conjectures ( :at sort ( ,be+s may be suppos$ to reside 9 ! ,ens ,primum1 or ,s$es ,beatorum ( ! kn[n ,univ]se1 :e!r mortal1 immortal1 or ,creatures p>tak+ 9 "s ,degree ( ! ,prop]ties ( bo?2 z su* may be conceiv'd to *ange _! ,natures & ,/ates1 )\t a total ,dissolution ( _! ,s5ses by ,dea?3 ,& f>!r1 x may possibly be judg$ unp>donable 9 me n to po9t out e bless$ ,abode1 suit$ to ! ,virtues1 & all ! v>i\s ,/ates an immortal ,s\l may be translat$ to2 b ?is is a ,task above ! human ,capacity1 or is ! pure ,prov9ce ( ,religion alone2 ! ,bus9ess ( a ,revelation r ?an ,reason to discov]4 ,besides1 x is en\gh = ! pres5t ,purpose1 to prove1 t ,miriads ( cele/ial ,mansions1 are to be discov]$ )9 our f9ite ,view1 & by a k9d ( ocul> ,revelation1 :i* visibly ext5ds ! human ,prospect1 z x 71 f> beyond ! ,grave4 ,x matt]s n :e!r a ,race ( ,h]oes fill ^! ,worlds1 or a ,tribe ( happy ,lov]s p ^?2 :e!r a ,peasant 9 ! ,realms ( ,orion %all ev] become a ,pr9ce 9 ! ,regions ( ,arcturus1 or a ,patri>* 9 ,procion1 a ,prophet 9 ! ,precep4 ,n to m5tion all ! ,/ages human ,nature may1 or h be5 de/9$ to 9 any "o ,_w1 z believ'd by ! anci5t ,philosoph]s1 besides ! f9al ,coalition ( all ,be+s mu* m naturally to be expect$ 9 ! ,s$es ,beatorum4 ,i say1 :atev] our ,case may be ) reg>d to ^! ,qu]ies & ,futurity1 ! ,plan & ,pr9ciples ( ?is ,!ory w n be at all *ang$ by x1 s9ce :at x is *iefly f\nd$ ^u may be cle>ly demon/rat$1 s cle>ly & inconte/ably1 t1 ) ! ,rev]5d ,dr4 ,"y1 we may ju/ly conclude1 ,devotion6 ,daught] ( ,a/ronomy6 & affirm ) him also1 ,t1 ,an indev\t ,a/ronom] is mad4 ,b ,i f9d :at ,i at fir/ propos$ w prove too long = ?is ,lett]4 ,h[ev]1 ,i w endeav\r to rew>d y\r ,pati5ce 9 my next1 & cont9ue1 c4 ,,lett] ! ,,six?4 ,( ,g5]al ,motion among/ ! ,/>s1 ! ,plurality ( ,sy/ems1 & ,innum]ability ( ,worlds4 ,,sir1 ,s9ce my la/1 y'll f9d by ?is1 speak+ 9 ! ,/ile ( ,k]*]1 t ,i h be5 v f> f home1 r\nd almo/ ! visible ,creation4 ,i h inde$ appli$ myself v closely to transcribe my ,?\ghts to y ^u ! old ,subject ! ,milky ,way1 :i* my =m] ,lett] left imp]fect$4 ,to return !n to ! ,!ory ( ! ,/>s1 & t yet unreconcil$ ,phnom5on2 let u reason a little ^u ! visible ,ord] ( ! ,/>s 9 g5]al1 & see :at ,conclusions c be drawn f :at e ,a/ronom] kn[s ( !m1 & _c be disput$4 ,fir/ !n1 t ! ,/>s are n inf9itely disp]s$ & di/ribut$ 9 a promiscu\s ,mann] ?r\gh\t all ! mundane ,space1 )\t ,ord] or ,design1 is evid5t beyond a ,d\bt f ?is va/ collective ,body ( ,light1 s9ce no su* ,phnom5on c\ld possibly be produc$ by ,*ance1 or exhibit$ )\t a design$ ,disposition ( its con/itu5t ,bodies4 ,if any regul> ,ord] ( ! ,/>s !n c be demon/rat$ t w naturally prove ?is ,phnom5on to be no o!r ?an a c]ta9 ,effect aris+ f ! ,obs]v]'s ,situation1 ,i ?9k y mu/ ( c\rse grant su* a ,solution at lea/ rational1 if n ! ,tru?2 & ?is is :at ,i propose by my new ,!ory4 ,to a ,spectator plac$ 9 an indef9ite ,space1 all v remote ,objects appe> to be equally di/ant f ! ,eye2 & if we judge ( ! ,via ,lactea f ,phnom5a only1 we mu/ ( c\rse conclude x a va/ ,r+ ( ,/>s1 scatt]$ promiscu\sly r\nd ! cele/ial ,regions 9 ! ,direction ( a p]fect ,circle4 ,b :5 we consid] ! explanick ,position ( _m o!r ,/>s1 all ( ! same ,nature1 & n less num]\s1 toge!r =m+ ! great ,sph]e ( ,heav51 we g5]ally f9d ourselves q at a ,loss h[ to reconcile ! two app>5t ,classes2 & ,i "k none :o h ev] be5 successful en\gh to r$uce !m to any "o g5]al ,ord]4 ,y'll say probably h[ %all we make ?is *aosic ,disposition ( ! prim>y ,lum9>ies agree ) ! second>y ,laws1 & ! j ,h>mony obs]v$ 9 ! ?ird ,,aj,creation1 c4 ,footnote ,,aj3 ,! ,moon1 ,satellites ( ,saturn & ,jupit]1 c4 ,! ,"w n[ y see is und]tak51 & *iefly at y\r own ,reque/1 !re=e ,i h a ,"r to expect y'll be v indulg5t to ! ,au?or1 & pass ov] all 8 ,faults1 & all[ him free ,argum5t 9 ,pursuit ( ^! important ,tru?s1 :i* w 9 ! ,end op5 p]haps a mu* wid] ,field ( ,contemplation to u1 ?an at fir/ c\ld be suppos$ to be int5d$ by ! ,g5esis ( ,moses4 ,t ,description ( ! ,beg9n+ ( ,nature is n )\t its ,beauty & ,nobl5ess1 suitable to ! ,dignity bo? ( ! ,au?or & ,subject4 ,b %\ld we ev5 9 ?is kn[+ ,age ( ! ,_w pret5d to acc\nt = ! ,orig9al ( ,?+s1 z ,moses to support 8 believ$ div9e ,legation1 0 oblig$ 9 "s measure to d1 we %\ld soon be r$uc$ to talk 9 ! same ,/ile1 & p]haps ) less ,probability1 ?an !n at lea/ appe>$ 9 8 elegant ,acc\nt ( ! ,orig9 ( ! ,univ]se1 especially if we d b consid]1 t :at he wrote1 0 only to ! ,s5ses ( a ,p :o _h n yet le>nt to make use ( _! ,reason any o!r way1 b f ! ,appe>ance ( ,?+s1 & ^u a ,subject too sublime = vulg> ,capacities 9 any ,age1 & _h only be5 attempt$ 9 ! deepe/ ,le>n+ ( ,egypt1 :i*1 he ?\gh well acqua9t$ )1 ! ,g5]ality ( !m 7 totally ,/rang]s to4 ,9 ! fir/ ,place x mu/ be grant$1 t ! ,/>s be+ all ( ! same ,nature1 are ei!r all moveable1 or all fix$1 t is all gov]n$ by "o & ! same ,pr9ciple4 ,n[ to suppose !m all fix$1 & disp]s$ 9 an endless ,disord] ?ro' ! inf9ite ,expanse1 :i* has long be5 ! ,op9ion ( _m v able ,a/ronom]s among/ ! ,anti5ts1 & ev5 n[ receiv$ by too _m ( ! ,mod]ns1 implies an ,inactivity 9 ^? va/ & pr9cipal ,bodies1 s mu* ! ,rev]se ( :at may be expect$1 & :at we daily obs]ve ?r\gh all ! re/ ( _! ,att5dants1 namely1 _! own respective ,satellites1 t we _c possibly ^u any rational ,gr\nds1 advance "o s+le ,argum5t to support s mu* z a ,conjecture t[>ds x1 )\t betray+ ! greate/ ,simplicity1 & next to an ,affirmation r$uce ! :ole ,frame ( ,nature1 & all corporeal ,be+s to a wild unmean+ ,*ance1 aris+ f an unnatural ,discord & ,confusion4 ,= ^u ! ,pr9ciples ( ,locality & ,mat]iality1 y hav+ all[$ me ! ,use ( my ,s5ses & ,reason1 z absolutely necess>y t[>ds conceiv+ any ,idea ( our pres5t ,/ate1 or ( ,futurity3 ,^u ^! ,pr9ciples ,i say1 unless our ,faculties are useless1 if !re are no o!r ,bodies or ,be+s 9 ! ,univ]se ?an :at we see1 & are n[ s5sible (1 we mu/ n[ at ! ,height ( ?is our pres5t ,/ate1 be z ne> ,p]fection z we c reasonably expect1 & z su* ourselves ! supreme ,be+s ( all ,be+s4 ,to :at ,end !n d we =m ,ideas ( a succe$+ ,life1 :]e a m exalt$ ,/ate _c be hop$ =4 ,h[ absurd & impi\s ?is is ,i leave to y\r own ,reason & ,reflection3 ,?is is ! fatal ,rock ^u :i* all weak ,heads & n>r[ ,m9ds are lo/ & split ^u1 consequ5tly ought to be ! mo/ c>efully avoid$1 n only z ! ,nurse ( ,a!ism1 b z ! dreadful ,fa!r ( ,despair3 ,=1 say !y1 ^! unhappy ,wret*es1 to be always ! same1 is inconsi/5t ) a ,*ange2 & to be less ?an :at we are1 any :]e h]eaft]1 is full z difficult to conceive z to be m4 ,?us1 unless we admit ( sup]ior ,seats & mu* m glori\s ,habitations ?an ^! we are s5sible (1 we /rike at ! v ,root ( a fair fl\ri%+ ,tree ( ,immortality1 & mu/ become ,au?ors ( our own ,despair4 ,i h (t5 wond]'d h[ ?9k+ ,m5 c\ld possibly fall into s gross an ,error1 z t ( a ,_s's ,annihilation2 & ,i %\ld be glad to ask "o ( ^? fruitless ,/ud5ts1 :e!r1 ^u ! ,evid5ce ( our pres5t ,be+1 x is n mu* m rational1 to hope = a future1 ?an to expect a ,ne plus ultra ^u no ,evid5ce at all4 ,! ,affirmative is c]ta9ly mu* m natural to be conceiv'd ?an ! ,negative4 ,b if ,*ance 7 ! ,case1 & t ,*ance produc$ all ^! regul> & wondr\s ,works1 'tis to be wi%$ at lea/1 t ,*ance might d ! same aga92 & if n ,*ance1 ( c\rse an et]nal ,direction3 ,b ,*ance only c effect ,disord]1 ,discord1 & ,confusion2 ergo1 ! visible ,h>mony & ,beauty ( ! ,creation decl>e = a ,direction2 & ?is mu/ ( ,consequ5ce1 f its p]fect ,nature1 proce$ f ! ,wisdom & ,p[] ( an et]nal ,be+1 ,god ( ,inf9ity1 ! ,au?or ( all ,ideas3 ,& if ?is primitive ,p[] produc$ u 8 ,creatures f no?+1 no?+ c be want+ to revive our ,frames aga92 & if f some?+1 t some?+ mu/ rema9 to e/abli% u 9 a future ,life4 ,b to return1 h[ absurd x is to suppose "o ,"p ( ! ,creation regul>1 & ! o!r irregul>1 or a visible circulat+ ,ord] ( ,?+s1 to be mix$ ) ,disord]1 & circumscrib+ ,"p ( an endless ,confusion1 is obvi\s to ! weake/ ,und]/&+1 & consequ5tly we may reasonably expect1 t ! ,via ,lactea1 :i* is a manife/ ,circle among/ ! ,/>s1 conspicu\s to e ,eye1 w prove at la/ ! ,:ole to be toge!r a va/ & glori\s regul> ,production ( ,be+s1 out ( ! wondr\s ,w or ,fecundity ( ! et]nal & inf9ite "o self-suffici5t ,cause2 & t all its ,irregul>ities are only su* z naturally arise f our exc5tric ,view3 ,to demon/rate :i* absolutely & inconte/ibly1 we %all only want ?is "o ,po/ulata to be grant$1 viz4 ,t all ! ,/>s are1 or may be 9 ,motion3 ,?is1 if "o may be all[$ to judge ( ! ,:ole by ! ,similitude & ,gov]nm5t ( its ,p>ts1 ,i am p]swad$ y w ?9k a v reasonable ,assumption2 b t y may imbibe a good ,op9ion ( ?is ,assumption1 & entirely come into ?is mu* bett] to be wi%$ ,hypo!sis1 ,i w\ld h y consult ^! foll[+ ,argum5ts4 ,fir/1 x is all[$1 z ,i h endeav\r$ to %ew1 by all mod]n ,philosoph]s1 t ! ,sun & ,/>s are all ( ! same or l ,nature2 consequ5tly1 t ! ,/>s are all ,suns1 & t ! ,sun himself is a ,/>4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xvii4 ,,plate ,,xvii4 ,repres5ts a k9d ( p]spective ,view ( ! visible ,creation1 :]e9 ,a repres5ts ! ,sy/em ( our ,sun1 ,b1 t suppos$ r\nd ,syrius1 & ,c1 ! ,region ab\t ,rigel4 ,! re/ is a promiscu\s ,disposition ( all ! ,v>iety ( o!r ,sy/ems )9 our f9ite ,vision1 z !y are suppos$ to be posit$ beh9d "o ano!r1 9 ! inf9ite ,space1 & r\nd e visible ,/>4 ,t r\nd e ,/> !n we may ju/ly conjecture a simil> ,sy/em ( ,bodies1 gov]n$ by ! same ,laws & ,pr9ciples ) ?is our sol> "o1 ?\gh to u at ! ,e>? = v good ,reasons invisible,,ak4 ,secondly1 ,footnote ,,ak3 ,anaxim9es believ$ ! ,/>s to be ( a fi]y ,nature2 & t !re 7 c]ta9 t]re/rial ,bodies t are n se5 by u1 c>ri$ toge!r r\nd !m4 ,/ob4 ,ecl4 ,phys4 cap4 #be4 ,py?agoras affirm$1 t e ,/> is a ,_w1 conta9+ ,e>?1 ,air1 & !r4 ,! ,sun is also obs]v$ to h a ,motion r\nd 8 own ,axis 9 ab\t tw5ty-five ,days4 ,n[1 s9ce all ! o!r ,,al ,planets :i* move 9 ,orbits r\nd him1 & are )9 our ,obs]vation1 are f\nd to h a l ,rotation r\nd _! ,axis1 may we n z reasonably imag9e1 t t ,p[] :i* 0 able to give ! ,sun a ,motion r\nd 8 ,axis1 c\ld & w\ld at ! same "t1 ) adequate ,ease1 give him also an orbitul> "o8 & :y n1 s9ce no progressive ,mutability c ei!r take f1 or di/urb ! b\ndless ,prop]ty ( an ,inf9ity2 & besides1 see+ to imag9e him at re/1 is to impose su* an unnatural ,/agnation ^u ! et]nal ,faculty1 q repugnant to t imp>able ,p[] :i* we suppose /&s 9 ne$ ( nei!r ,sleep nor ,re/8 ,footnote ,,al3 ,saturn1 ,jupit]1 ,m>s1 ,v5us1 ! ,e>?1 ,moon1 & ,m]cury4 ',tis true1 ! ,sun may be said to be ! ,gov]nor ( all ^? ,bodies r\nd him2 b h[8 no o!rwise ?an he himself may be gov]n$ by a sup]ior ,ag5t1 or a /ill m active ,=ce2 & me?9ks x is n a little absurd to suppose he is n1 s9ce we h discov]$ by und\bt$ ,obs]vations1 t ! same gravitat+ ,p[] is common to all2 & t ! ,/>s !mselves are subject to no o!r ,direction ?an t :i* moves ! :ole ,ma*9e ( ,nature4 ,?irdly1 ,f _m ,obs]vations ( ! pol> ,po9ts1 & ! ,obliquity ( ! ,e>?'s ,equator to ! ,plane ( h] sol> ,orbit comp>$ toge!r1 ! ,sun is v ju/ly suspect$ to h *ang$ 8 sid]eal ,situation2 & ?is mu/ ei!r arise f a ,*ange 9 ! ,position ( ! ,e>?'s diurnal ,axis1 or f a ,removal ( ! ,sun himself1 out ( ! primitive ,plane ( ! ,orbis ,magnus4 ,i believe y are s mu* ( a ,ma!matician1 z to "k t if ei!r ( ^! ,facts be all[$1 ! ,consequ5ce ,i want w foll[4 ,i %all n !re=e "h ent] into any f>!r ,dispute ab\t x2 b ,i ?9k x w be necess>y to submit "s ,obs]vations to y\r ,consid]ation1 t may conv9ce y t !re is a ,motion some:]e to be ?us discov]$1 & :e!r 9 ! ,sun1 or 9 ! ,/>s1 or 9 bo?1 ,i leave to y\r own ,det]m9ation1 b to assi/ y\r ,imag9ation1 ,i ref] y to ,,plate ,,xviii4 ,! ,globe ,s is "h suppos$ to repres5t ! ,sun1 hav+ *ang$ its ,situation by a local ,motion f ,a to ,c1 & ,b repres5ts ! ,globe ( ! ,e>? 9 a p]man5t ,position1 ) its pr9cipal ,po9ts & ,circles1 respect+ ! primitive ,plane ,a1 ,b1 ,k4 ,n[ 9 ,consequ5ce ( ! ,angle ( ,v>iation1 ,a1 ,b1 ,c1 x evid5tly appe>s t a new ecliptic ,plane1 w be produc$1 z ,c1 ,b1 & also a ,v>iation 9 ! greate/ ,decl9ation ( ! ,sun1 ,nor? & ,s\? f ! ,l9e ( ! ,equator ,d1 ,l4 ,h5ce1 z 9 ?is ,figure1 ! ,obliquity ( ! ,poles ,p1 ,n1 & ,g1 ,f1 w naturally decrease1 & is %ewn 9 ,quantity by ! ,l9e ( ,ab]ration ,h1 ,i4 ,"h foll[s a ,table ( ! ,*ange obs]v$ 9 ! ,obliquity ( ! ,ecliptic by ,a/ronom]s ( diff]5t ,ages4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xviii4 ,a ,table ( ! ,obliquity ( ! ,ecliptic4 ,ante ,*ri/i #abd ,arato #bd #jj ---- ,hip>*us #bc #ea #abg ,erato/h5es #bc #ea ,anno ,dom4 #adj ,ptolomy #bc #ea #gdi ,abategnius #bc #ce #ajgj ,airahel #bc #cd #aadj ,alomean #bc #cc #acjj ,pr(atiograd #bc #cb #adeh ,purbac*io #bc #bi #adij ,regiomontaus #bc #cj #aejj ,cop]nicus #bc #bh #aeib ,ty*o ,brahe #bc #ba #afef ,cass9i #bc #bi ,n[ sure1 if we consid] ?is cont9ual ,decrease ( ! ,sun's ,decl9ation1 :i* c proce$ f no o!r ,cause ?an t ( 8 hav+ mov$ out ( ! primitive ,plane2 we ne$ make no great ,difficulty ?us f>1 to ?9k our ,conjectures n irrational4 ,! foll[+ is a ,citation f ,dr4 ,edmund ,hally1 ,a/ronom]-,royal4 ,see ,philosophical ,transactions1 ,no4 #cee4 p4 #gcf4 ,b :ile ,i 0 ^u ?is ,enquiry 7( ! ,obliquity ( ! ,ecliptic7 ,i 0 surpriz$ to f9d ! ,latitudes ( ?ree ( ! pr9cipal ,/>s 9 ! ,heav5s1 directly to contradict ! suppos$ great] ,obliquity ( ! ,ecliptic1 :i* seems confirm$ by ! ,latitudes ( mo/ ( ! re/2 !y be+ set d[n 9 ! old ,catalogues1 z if ! ,plane ( ! ,e>?'s ,orbit _h *ang$ its ,situation among/ ! fix$ ,/>s1 ab\t #bj s9ce ! ,"t ( ,hipp>*us1 p>ticul>ly all ! ,/>s 9 ,gem9i are put d[n1 ^? to ! ,nor?w>d ( ! ,ecliptic1 ) s mu* less ,latitude ?an we f9d1 & ^? to ! ,s\?w>d1 ) s mu* m s\!rly ,latitude2 & yet ! ?ree ,/>s ,palilicium1 ,sirius1 & ,arcturus1 d contradict ?is ,rule3 ,= by x1 ,palilicium1 be+ 9 ! ,days ( ,hipp>*us1 9 ab\t #aj gr4 ( ,taurus1 ought to be ab\t #ae m s\!rly ?an at pres5t1 & ,sirius be+ !n 9 ab\t #ae gr4 ( ,gem9i1 ought to be #bj m s\!rly ?an n[2 yet ,ptolomy places ! fir/ #bj1 & ! o!r #bb m nor!rly 9 ,latitude ?an we n[ f9d !m3 ,nor are ^! ! ,errors ( ,transcrib]s1 b are prov$ to be "r by ! ,decl9ation ( !m set d[n by ,ptolomy1 z obs]v$ by ,timo*>is1 ,hipp>*us1 & himself2 :i* %ew1 t ^! ,latitudes are ! same z ^? ,au?ors int5d$4 ,z to ,arcturus1 he is too ne> ! ,equ9octial ,col\r1 to argue f him conc]n+ ! ,*ange ( ! ,obliquity ( ! ,ecliptic2 b ,ptolomy gives him #cc m ,nor? ,latitude ?an he is n[ f\nd to h2 & t great] ,latitude is likewise confirm$ by ! ,decl9ations deliv]$ by ! abovesaid ,obs]vations3 ,s !n ^! ?ree ,/>s are f\nd to be above half a ,degree m s\!rly at ?is ,"t ?an ! ,anti5ts reckon$ !m4 ,:51 on ! contr>y1 at ! same "t1 ! bright ,%\ld] ( ,orion1 has1 9 ,ptolomy almo/ a ,degree m s\!rly ,latitude ?an at pres5t1 :at %all we say !n8 ,x is sc>ce to be believ$1 t ! ,anti5ts c\ld be deceiv$ 9 s pla9 a ,matt]1 ?ree ,obs]v]s confirm+ ea* o!r4 ,aga91 ^! ,/>s be+ ! mo/ conspicu\s 9 ,heav51 are 9 all ,probability ! ne>e/ to ! ,e>?2 & if !y h any p>ticul> ,motion ( _! own1 x is mo/ likely to be p]ceiv$ 9 !m1 :i* 9 s long a ,"t z eighte5 hundr$ ,ye>s1 may %ew itself by ! ,alt]ation ( _! ,places1 ?\gh x be intirely imp]ceptible 9 ! ,space ( "o s+le ,c5tury ( ,ye>s3 ,yet1 z to ,syrius1 x may be obs]v$1 t ,ty*o ,brahe makes him #b ,m94 m nor!rly ?an we n[ f9d him2 :]eas he ought to be above z mu* m s\!rly f 8 ,ecliptic 7^: ,obliquity he makes #b great] ?an we e/eem x at ! pres5t7 diff]+ 9 ! ,:ole #d4 ,"o ,half ( ?is ,diff]5ce may p]haps be excus$1 if ,refraction 7 n all[$ 9 ?is ,case by ,ty*o2 yet #b ,m94 9 su* a ,/> z ,syrius1 is some:at too mu* = him to be mi/ak5 94 ,b a m evid5t ,pro( ( ?is ,*ange is drawn f ! ,obs]vation ( ! ,application ( ! ,moon to ,palilicium1 ,an4 ,*ris4 #eji4 ,m>4 #aa4 :51 9 ! ,beg9n+ ( ! ,night1 ! ,moon 0 se5 to foll[ t ,/> v ne>1 & seem$ to h eclips$ x1 ' 1 i4e4 ,/ella apposita erat p>ti p] quam bisecabatur limbus ,lun illum9atus1 z ,bullialdus1 to :om we are behold5 = ?is anci5t ,obs]vation1 has translat$ x4 ,n[1 f ! und\bt$ ,pr9ciples ( ,a/ronomy1 ?is c\ld nev] be true at ,a!ns1 or ne> x1 unless ! ,latitude ( ,palilicium 7 mu* less ?an we at ?is ,"t f9d x,,am4 ,footnote ,,am3 ,vide ,bulialdi ,a/r4 ,philolaica1 p4 #agb4 ,! ,,an,motion ( ,arcturus seems fur!r confirm$1 f ! ,obs]vations ( ,ty*o ,hevelius & ,flam/ead2 = ,hevelius sets d[n ! ,di/ance ( t ,/> f ,lyra #d great] ?an ,ty*o _h obs]v$ x sev5ty-two ,ye>s be=e him1 & ,flam/ead tw5ty-two ,ye>s aft] measur$ ! ,di/ance betwixt ! same two ,/>s1 /ill #c great] ?an ,hevelius f\nd x2 s t if ,lyra _h /ood /ill all t :ile1 !re 0 an ,appe>ance ( ,arcturus's hav+ gone #g out ( 8 ,place 9 ! ,space ( an hundr$ ,ye>s4 ,see ,dr4 ,long's ,a/ronomy1 p4 #bgd4 ,footnote ,,an3 ,^! are ! ne>e/ & greate/ ( ! fix$ ,/>s1 ! ,motion ( ! o!rs n hav+ be5 obs]v$1 or be+ at too great a ,di/ance1 are ei!r imp]ceptible1 or h n be5 tak5 notice (4 ,x is fur!r to be obs]v$1 9 ,confirmation ( ! ,motion ( "o ( ^! ,/>s1 t ,flam/ead f\nd ! ,di/ance ( ,arcturus1 f ! ,head ( ,h]cules #c great] ?an x is set d[n by ! ,pr9ce ( ,hesse2 & t 8 ,di/ance f ! ,lion's ,tail 0 a little decreas$ ) #e less ,latitude ?an ,ty*o _h obs]v$4 ,h5ce1 to make ^! ,obs]vations agree1 "o or bo? ( !m mu/ h mov$ toge!r equal to #g4 ,?is ,*ange ( ,place1 :i* is q contr>y to all kn[n ,causes proce$+ f ! ,e>?1 mu/ !re=e be occasion$ ei!r by ! ,motion ( ! ,sun1 or by a p>ticul> ,motion ( _! own2 b if1 among/ !mselves1 !y mu/ all move1 & if all be 9 ,motion1 ! ,sun mu/ also move4 ,if ^! ,obs]vations1 deliv]$ d[n to u by v able ,a/ronom]s1 be ei!r true or ne> x1 z great ,all[ances h be5 made = ! ,ignorance ( ! ,ages 9 :i* !y 7 tak51 & ! ,inaccuracy ( ! ,in/rum5ts1 we may naturally conclude1 t ^! ,/>s mu/ h a ,motion2 & if !y move1 z has be5 be=e obs]v$1 ! ,sun mu/ also2 h5ce he _c n[ be 9 ! orig9al ,plane ( ! ,e>?'s annual ,direction1 or at lea/ 9 ! same id5tical ,place he 0 at fir/ possess$ (3 ,& if s1 ! ,/>s mu/ also h ! l ,motion1 ?\gh 9 diff]5t ,directions1 & all may ?us be gov]n$ by ! same impulsive ,p[]4 ,to illu/rate ?is primitive ,motion ( ! ,/>s1 & at ! same "t to %[ t ! ,v>iety :i* appe>s 9 ! ,quantity ( ,motion c be no ,objection to x1 ,see ,,plate ,,xviii4 ,fig4 #b4 ,:]e ,a repres5ts ! ,eye ( an ,obs]v]1 & ,b1 ,e1 ,f1 ,h1 v>i\s ,sy/ems1 mov+ 9 diff]5t ,directions ?ro' ! mundane ,space2 x is evid5t t ! ,sph]e ,b1 hav+ mov$ f ,c1 & t ( ,e1 n hav+ appe>$ to move at all1 !re mu/ be a s5sible ,*ange 9 ! new ,position ( ^! two ,sy/ems to "o ano!r1 & s ( ! re/2 & ?o' ! app>5t ,motion ( ,h1 be mu* m ?an t ( ,f1 f ! ,po9t ,a1 yet f ,c1 !y w appe> less diff]5t1 & f ,b1 !y w appe> ne>ly equal4 ,& f>!r1 z ! ,direction f ,h1 is 9 ! ,l9e ,i1 ,h1 & t ( ,f1 9 ! ,l9e ,k1 ,g1 ^? two ,sy/ems w appe> to approximate1 & ! ,magnitude ( ! ,/> 9 ! fir/ w be increas$1 & 9 ! latt] dim9i%$4 ,?us1 _m ( ! ,/>s 9 ! olde/ ,catalogues1 :i* 7 said to be ( ! second ,magnitude1 are n[ become ( ! fir/1 & sev]al ( ! fir/ are n[ judg$ to be ( ! second1 c4 ,b z ?is app>5t ,motion ( ! ,/>s at ! ,e>?1 mu/1 f its ,nature1 be v small1 s z sc>ce to be discov]$ 9 "s ( !m 9 less ?an an ,age1 ) any ,in/rum5t by ! nice/ ,obs]v]1 ,i judge x w be extremely prop] 9 ?is ,place to propose "s ,me?od1 by :i*1 9 process ( ,"t1 ! ,tru? ( ! ,!ory may be asc]ta9$4 ,! ,way ,i ?9k mo/ likely to succe$ is ?is4 ,,plate ,,xix4 ,is a ,plan ( ! pr9cipal ,/>s t =m ! ,pleiades1 correctly tak5 by a ,comb9ation ( ,triangles1 z 9 ! ,figure1 f :5ce x w naturally foll[1 all ! :ole ,=m be+ compreh5d$ 9 mu* less ?an "o ,degree4 ,t ! mo/ m9ute local ,motion 9 any "o ( ^? ,/>s 9 a v few ,ye>s1 w be made s5sible to an ,eye at ! ,e>?4 ,= ,in/ance1 if any ( ! ,/>s t =m ! ,lett] ,a1 or ,t1 )9 ! ,t]m ( t5 or tw5ty ,ye>s1 be f\nd 9 ! lea/ to deviate f ! ,l9es ( _! pres5t ,position & ,direction1 x w be evid5t beyond a ,contradiction1 t !y h a ,motion among/ !mselves1 & s9ce at su* a ,di/ance !y _c possibly be affect$ by ! ,e>?1 x mu/ be a ,motion ( _! own2 & ?us if any "o c be prov$1 to *ange its ,situation1 ) reg>d to ! re/1 we c h no new ,difficulty 9 conclud+ t !y all may d ! same4 ,?us if any ( ! regul> ,triangles ,m ,b ,z1 ,z ,p ,h1 ,a ,z ,m1 ,y ,a 1 or ,i1 c4 9 due ,"t be c>efully not$1 we may v5ture to say ) great ,safety1 t ! ?\s&? ,"p ( a ,degree w be pla9ly discov]$4 ,,plate ,,xx4 ,is a true ,plan & ,comb9ation ( ! pr9cipal ,/>s t =m ! ,p]s$es1 9 :i* o!r ,obs]vations may be made 9 a diff]5t ,"p ( ! ,heav5s1 & p]haps ) an ,opportunity ( be+ /ill m exact1 ! ,areas ( ^! ,triangles1 p>ticul>ly t ( ,i ,k1 & ^? ( & 1 be+ mu* less ?an ! =m]1 :]e ! lea/ ,alt]ation possible mu/ r5d] !m s5sibly di/ort$4 ,b "h x mu/ be consid]$1 t ! real ,motion ( ! ,/>s1 z well z _! app>5t1 may be1 & 9 all ,likelihood1 is extreamly sl[1 = ! mo/ m9ute1 visible1 local ,motion1 w answ] all ! ,purposes we "k 9 ,nature1 & ! greate/ seems to be t ( ! projectile1 or c5trifugal ,=ce1 :i* n only pres]ves !m 9 _! ,orbits1 b prev5ts !m f ru%+ all toge!r1 by ! common univ]sal ,law ( ,gravity1 :i* o!rwise1 z a f9ite ,di/ribution ( ei!r regul> or irregul> ,bodies1 !y mu/ at l5g? d by ,necessity4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xix4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xx4 ,i mu/ n[ in=m y1 t ! above ,obs]vations 7 compleat$ 9 ! ,autumn ,season1 #agdg1 & 7 tak5 by myself2 ! ,lett]s ,a1 ,t1 9 ,plate ,,xix1 & ! ,w 9 ! ,x,xth1 z y may see1 hav+ a v ne> ,resemblance1 or ,similitude1 to ! ,ord] ^! ,/>s are f\nd to be 91 toge!r ) ! ,greek ,alphabet1 ,i judg$ necess>y1 by way ( ,a/]ism & ,nom5clatura1 9 case su* %\ld be want$1 z ,data 9 future ,discov]ies4 ,i come n[ to ! pr9cipal ,po9t 9 ,"q1 :i* is to f9d a regul> ,disposition ( ! ,/>s among/ !mselves1 :i* w naturally solve bo? _! g5]al & p>ticul> ,phnom5a1 especially ! ,nebula & ,milky ,way4 ,i am n[1 c4 ,illu/ration ,,lett] ! ,,sev5?4 ,! ,hypo!sis1 or ,!ory1 fully expla9$ & demon/rat$1 prov+ ! sid]eal ,creation to be f9ite4 ,,sir1 ,i "k y are an ,enemy to all ,sorts ( ,s*emes :]e !y are n absolutely necess>y1 & may possibly be avoid$2 & = t ,reason ,i h purposely omitt$ _m geometrical ,figures1 & o!r ,repres5tations 9 ?is ,"w1 :i* might h be5 ins]t$ & 9 "s ,places1 especially "h ,i might h introduc$ ,diagrams1 p]haps m explicit ?an ,words2 b z y h frequ5tly obs]v$1 !y are only ( ,use to ! few ,le>n$1 & contribute m to ! tak+ away ! little ,ideas & ,k ! m ignorant ,_m may be endu$ )1 by a prejudicial ,impression ( imp]fect ,images1 r ?an ! add+ any new ,light to _! ,und]/&+1 ,i h purposely avoid$1 z mu* z possible1 bo? "h & e :]e1 all su* complex ,diagrams z might be 9 ,dang] ( betray+ any ! lea/ su* consci\s ,diffid5ce 9 y1 aris+ f ! ,want ( a prop] ,precognita 9 ! ,sci5ces4 ,?is ,imp]fection1 mu* to be lam5t$1 z greatly to ! ,disadvantage ( all ma!matical ,reason+1 ,i w\ld will+ly always prev5t1 9 my ,read]s1 & to *use 9 my ,fri5d2 ,i %all !re=e cont5t myself ) ref]r+ y to a few orbicul> ,figures1 concave & convex1 z may be/ sugge/ to y\r ,fancy ! simple/ ,way1 a j ,idea ( ! ,hypo!sis ,i h fram'd1 & naturally en\gh ,i hope1 r5d] my ,!ory s intelligible1 z to help y suffici5tly to conceive ! ,solution aim$ at1 ( ! important ,problem ,i h attempt$4 ,z ,i h said be=e1 we _c long obs]ve ! beaute\s ,p>ts ( ! visible ,creation1 n only ^? ( ?is ,_w on :i* we live1 b also ! ,myriads ( bright ,bodies r\nd u1 ) any ,att5tion1 )\t be+ conv9c$1 t a ,p[] supreme1 & ( a ,nature unkn[n to u1 presides 91 & gov]ns x4 ,! ,c\rse & ,frame ( ?is va/ ,bulk1 display ,a ,reason & fix'd ,law1 :i* all obey4 ,%]4 ,manilius4 ,& not)/&+ ! _m wond]ful ,productions ( ,nature 9 ?is our kn[n ,habitation1 yet ! ,e>?1 :5 comp>$ ) o!r ,bodies ( our own ,sy/em1 seems f> f be+ ! mo/ consid]able 9 x2 & x appe>s n only v possible1 b highly probable1 f :at has be5 said1 & f :at we c f>!r demon/rate1 t !re is z great a ,multiplicity ( ,worlds1 v>i\sly disp]s$ 9 diff]5t ,p>ts ( ! ,univ]se1 z !re are v>iegat$ ,objects 9 ?is we live ^u4 ,n[1 z we h no ,reason to suppose1 t ! ,nature ( our ,sun is diff]5t f t ( ! re/ ( ! ,/>s2 & s9ce we c no way prove him sup]ior ev5 to ! lea/ ( ^? surpris+ ,bodies1 h[ c we1 ) any ,%ew ( ,reason1 imag9e him to be ! g5]al ,c5t] ( ! :ole1 i4 e4 ( ! visible ,creation1 & seat$ 9 ! ,c5t] ( ! mundane ,space8 ,?is1 9 my humble ,op9ion1 is too weak ev5 = ,conjecture1 _! app>5t ,di/ribution1 & ,,aoirregul> ,ord] argue s mu* aga9/ x4 ,footnote ,,ao3 ,see ! ,zodaical ,con/ellations1 y'll f9d t 9 "s ,signs !re are sev]al ,/>s ( ! fir/1 second1 & ?ird ,magnitude1 & 9 _m o!rs none ( ^! at all4 ,! ,e>? inde$ has long possess$ ! *ief ,seat ( our ,sy/em1 & peaceably reign$ !re1 z 9 ! ,c5t] ( ! ,univ]se = _m ,ages pa/2 b x 0 human ,ignorance1 & n div9e ,wisdom1 t plac$ x !re2 "s few inde$ f ! ,beg9n+ h disput$ its ,"r to x1 z judg+ x no way wor?y ( su* high ,em95ce4 ,"t at l5g? has discov]$ ! ,tru? to e body1 & n[ x is ju/ly displac$ by ! unit$ ,cons5t ( all its ,inhabitants1 & in/ead ( be+ ?\ght ! mo/ maje/ick ( all ,nature's l[] ,works1 n[ r disgraces ! ,creation1 s mu* x is r$uc$ 9 its pres5t ,/ate f :at x _h ,reason to expect 9 ! =m]4 ,n[ x is no long] ! only t]re/rial ,globe 9 ! ,univ]se1 b is prov$ to be "o ( ! lea/ ,planets ( ! sol> ,sy/em1 & surpriz+ly inf]ior to "s ( its ,fell[ ,worlds4 ,! ,sun1 or r ! ,sy/em1 has almo/ z long usurp$ ! ,c5t] ( ,inf9ity1 ) z little ,pret5ce to su* ,pre-hem95ce2 b n[1 ,?anks to ! ,sci5ces1 ! ,sc5e beg9s to op5 to u on all ,sides1 & ,tru?s sc>ce to h be5 dreamt (1 be=e ,p]sons ( ,obs]vation _h prov$ !m possible1 invades our ,s5ses ) a ,subject too deep = ! human ,und]/&+1 & :]e our v ,reason is lo/ 9 inf9ite ,wond]s4 ,h[ ought ?is to humble e ,m9d susceptible ( ,reason6 ,9 ?is ,place1 ,i believe1 y w p>don a ,digression2 :i*1 9 ,answ] to ,"p ( y\r la/ ,lett]1 ,i judge w n be v imp]t95t1 ?o' p]haps j "h ,i _c s well ju/ify x4 ,y\r late ,conv]sation ) our ,fri5d ,mr4 99 99 991 ,i am p]swad$1 mu/ h be5 v ent]ta9+2 b ,i _c help ?9k+ 8 ,reflections ^u ! ,wond]s ( ,nature & ! ,wisdom ( ,provid5ce1 ?\gh ,i mu/ all[ !m all to be v j & curi\s1 in/ead ( elevat+ ! ,m9d to ! ,pit* he w\ld h x1 r z consid]$ above1 depress x bel[ ! prop]1 nay ,i might say necess>y1 ,/&>d ( human ,ideas4 ,?is1 probably1 y'll say is an odd ,turn1 & may want "s ,explanation1 s9ce e ,object 9 ! ,*a9 ( ,nature1 mu/ ( ,=ce be grant$1 a ,subject wor?y ( our ,speculations1 be+ all toge!r made1 z 9 ! ,maximum ( ,wisdom3 ,b :at ,i mean is ?is1 s9ce no?+ is m natural = ,be+s 9 e ,/ate 9 se>* aft] _! own ,advantages1 & ! ,enl>gem5t ( _! ,ideas to look upw>d1 sure x may be presum$1 t ,"t may be misp5t1 if n lo/ 9 inspect+ too n>r[ly ,?+s s little b5efical 9 ,/ates bel[ u2 z ,mr4 ,pope says1 ,:y has n ,man a microscopic ,eye8 ,= ?is pla9 ,reason1 ,man is n a ,fly4 ,say :at ! ,use1 7 f9] ,opticks giv51 ,to inspect a ,mite1 n compreh5d ! ,heav'n4 ,essay on ,man4 ,amusem5t alone c nev] be suppos$ to be ! sole ,end ( human ,life1 :]e ev5 true ,happ9ess is a ,?+ we r ta/e ?an enjoy4 ,! ,m9d we f9d capable ( mu* m rational ,pleasure ?an c possibly fall )9 ! ,rea* ( human ,p[]1 ei!r to promise or procure x2 b !n ?is v ,defect 9 our pres5t ,/ate ( ,exi/5ce af=ds u no less ?an a moral ,assurance1 t "s :]e 9 a future1 we may1 if we please1 be entitl$ to ! v ,pl5um ( all ,enjoym5ts4 ,! peculi> ,bus9ess !n ( ! human ,m9d naturally prec$es its ,amusem5ts1 z evid5tly orda9$ to so> above all ! inf]ior ,be+s ( ?is ,_w2 & h[ev] our ,natures may1 ?ro' ,indol5ce1 or ?ro' ,ignorance1 deg5]ate1 t ( ! ,man c nev] be suppos$ to s9k into ! ,mole4 ,! prop]e/ ,way !n sure = ,m5 to pres]ve _! ,pre-hem95ce ov] ! ,brute ,creation1 is to make use ( t ,reason & ,reflection1 :i* s manife/ly di/+ui%es _! natural ,sup]iority4 ,a "r ,application ( :i*1 mu/ ( c\rse !n direct u to a =w>d1 r ?an a backw>d ,se>* 9 ! va/ visible ,*a9 ( our ,exi/5ce1 :i* cle>ly connects all ,be+s & ,/ates z "u ! ,direction ( "o supreme ,ag5t4 ,?is is all ,i w\ld h und]/ood by ! =ego+ ,position1 :i*1 9 "o ,^w1 implies no m ?an t ! sublime ,philosophy ought 9 all ,reason to be pref]r$ to ! ,m9ute2 b ,i hope y w n inf] f ?is my seem+ ,p>tiality = ! cele/ial ,sci5ces1 t ,i mean to ins9uate1 t ! ,/udy ( t]re/rial ,physicks is n a rational ,amusem5t4 ,mr4 9999991 y say1 seems to lam5t ! ,ta/e ( ,mank9d 9 g5]al mu* 9 ! same ,degree z y d 8 ,i readily grant y2 a ,man :o c talk s well ^u an ,ant1 might make a m ent]ta9+ ,disc\rse ^u ! ,eagle2 b ,i beg 8 ,p>don1 & ?\gh we are all too ready1 & mo/ apt to condemn all su* ,pleasures z va9 or trifl+1 :i* we h no ,%>e 91 or ,ta/e = ourselves2 yet ,i don't ?9k x foll[s1 t ^? +5i\s ,lab\rs ( 8 are useless4 ,! ,pleasures aris+ f natural ,philosophy are all und\bt$ly great ones1 :e!r we consid] ,nature 9 h] highe/1 or 9 h] l[e/ ,capacity2 ! ,beauties ( ! ,creation are e ,day v>i$ to u bel[1 z mu* !y are e ,night above1 & 9 bo? ,cases1 ?r\gh e ,object1 ! ,creator %9es s manife/1 t we may ju/ly consid] him e :]e smil+ full 9 ! ,face ( all 8 ,creatures1 comm&+ z x 7 an awful ,rev]5ce1 & ,respect1 due n only to 8 ,omnipot5cy1 b also to 8 inf9ite ,goodness & endless ,indulg5cies4 ,?is is ! only ,return our ,gratitude c make = all ^? ,bless+s he daily be/[s ^u u1 & to ?is great ,au?or ( h] ,laws2 ,nature h]self cries al\d ?r\gh ,myriads ( v>i\s ,objects1 & aft] h] own expressive & peculi> ,mann]1 seems to comm& u ) an attractive ,grace1 to obs]ve h] ,sov]eign1 & admire 8 ,wisdom4 ,! ,maje/y1 ,p[]1 & ,dom9ion ( ,god is be/ display$ 9 ! ext]nal ,direction ( ,?+s1 8 ,wisdom & visible ,ag5cy 9 ! int]nal3 ,h5ce1 by prop] ,objects1 select$ f bo?1 att5d$ ) j ,reflections1 we may c]ta9ly raise our ,ideas almo/ to ! ,pit* ( ,immortals2 b h[ f> ! human ,imag9ation may possibly g1 or h[ mu* ,m9ds l ours may be improv$1 is a ,"q n easily det]m9$2 b z natural ,k evid5tly increases daily1 & a/ronomical ,enquiries are ! mo/ capable ( op5+ our ,m9ds1 & enl>g+ our ,conception1 ( consequ5ce !y mu/ be mo/ wor?y our ,att5tion ( all o!r ,/udies4 ,b ( ?is ,i h said en\gh1 & ?9k x is n[ m ?an ,"t to attempt ! rema9+ ,"p ( my ,!ory4 ,:5 we reflect ^u ! v>i\s ,aspects1 & p]petual ,*anges ( ! ,planets1 bo? ) reg>d to _!,,ap helioc5tric & geoc5tric ,motion1 we may readily imag9e1 t no?+ b a l ecc5tric ,position ( ! ,/>s c\ld any way produce su* an app>5tly promiscu\s ,diff]5ce 9 su* o!rwise regul> ,bodies4 ,& t 9 l mann]1 z ! ,planets w\ld1 if view$ f ! ,sun1 !re may be "o ,place 9 ! ,univ]se to :i* _! ,ord] & prim>y ,motions mu/ appe> mo/ regul> & mo/ beautiful4 ,su* a ,po9t1 ,i may presume1 is n unnatural to be suppos$1 al?o' hi!rto we h n be5 able to produce any absolute ,pro( ( x4 ,see ,plate ,,xxv4 ,footnote ,,ap3 ,n to m5tion _! sev]al ,conjunctions & ,apulces to fix$ ,/>s1 c4 see ! ,/ate ( ! ,heav5s 9 #affb1 ,decemb] ! fir/1 :5 all ! kn[n ,planets 7 9 "o ,sign ( ! ,zodiac1 viz4 ,sagitt>ius4 ,?is is ! great ,ord] ( ,nature1 :i* ,i %all n[ endeav\r to prove1 & !reby solve ! ,phnom5a ( ! ,via ,lactea2 & 9 ord] !reto1 ,i want no?+ to be grant$ b :at may easily be all[$1 namely1 t ! ,milky ,way is =m$ ( an inf9ite ,numb] ( small ,/>s4 ,let u imag9e a va/ inf9ite ,gulph1 or ,m$ium1 e ,way ext5d$ l a ,plane1 & inclos$ betwe5 two ,surfaces1 ne>ly ev5 on bo? ,sides1 b ( su* a ,dep? or ,?ickness z to occupy a ,space equal to ! d\ble ,radius1 or ,diamet] ( ! visible ,creation1 t is to take 9 "o ( ! smalle/ ,/>s ea* ,way1 f ! middle ,/ation1 p]p5dicul> to ! ,plane's ,direction1 &1 z ne> z possible1 accord+ to our ,idea ( _! true ,di/ance4 ,b to br+ ?is ,image a little l[]1 & z ne> z possible level to e ,capacity1 ,i mean su* z _c conceive ?is k9d ( cont9u$ ,zodiac1 let u suppose ! :ole ,frame ( ,nature 9 ! ,=m ( an artificial ,horizon ( a ,globe1 ,i don't mean to affirm t x really is s 9 ,fact1 b only /ate ! ,"q ?us1 to help y\r ,imag9ation to conceive m aptly :at ,i w\ld expla9,,ap4 ,plate ,,xxiii4 w !n repres5t a j ,section ( x4 ,n[ 9 ?is ,space let u imag9e all ! ,/>s scatt]$ promiscu\sly1 b at su* an adju/$ ,di/ance f "o ano!r1 z to fill up ! :ole ,m$ium ) a k9d ( regul> ,irregul>ity ( ,objects4 ,& next let u consid] :at ! ,consequ5ce w\ld be to an ,eye situat$ ne> ! ,c5t] ,po9t1 or any :]e ab\t ! middle ,plane1 z at ! ,po9t ,a4 ,is x n1 ?9k y1 v evid5t1 t ! ,/>s w\ld !re appe> promiscu\sly disp]s$ on ea* ,side1 & m & m incl9+ to ,disord]1 z ! ,obs]v] w\ld advance 8 ,/ation t[>ds ei!r ,surface1 & ne>] to ,b or ,c1 b 9 ! ,direction ( ! g5]al ,plane t[>ds ,h or ,d1 by ! cont9ual ,approximation ( ! visual ,rays1 cr[d+ toge!r z at ,h1 betwixt ! ,limits ,d & ,g1 !y mu/ infallibly t]m9ate 9 ! utmo/ ,confusion4 ,if y\r ,opticks fails y be=e y arrive at ^! ext]nal ,regions1 only imag9e h[ inf9itely great] ! ,numb] ( ,/>s w\ld be 9 ^? remote ,p>ts1 aris+ ?us f _! cont9ual cr[d+ beh9d "o ano!r1 z all o!r ,objects d t[>ds ! ,horizon ,po9t ( _! ,p]spective1 :i* ends b ) ,inf9ity3 ,?us1 all _! ,rays at la/ s ne> unit+1 mu/ meet+ 9 ! ,eye appe>1 z almo/1 9 ,contact1 & =m a p]fect ,zone ( ,light2 ?is ,i take to be ! real ,case1 & ! true ,nature ( our ,milky ,way1 & all ! ,irregul>ity we obs]ve 9 x at ! ,e>?1 ,i judge to be intirely ow+ to our ,sun's ,position 9 ?is great ,firmam5t1 & may easily be solv$ by 8 ,exc5tricity1 & ! ,div]sity ( ,motion t may naturally be conceiv$ among/ ! ,/>s !mselves1 :i* may "h & !re1 9 diff]5t ,p>ts ( ! ,heav5s1 occasion a cl\dy ,knot ( ,/>s1 z p]haps at ,e4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxi4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxii4 ,b n[ to apply ?is ,hypo!sis to our pres5t ,purpose1 & reconcile x to our ,ideas ( a circul> ,creation1 & ! kn[n ,laws ( orbicul> ,motion1 s z to make ! ,beauty & ,h>mony ( ! ,:ole consi/5t ) ! visible ,ord] ( its ,p>ts1 our ,reason mu/ n[ h rec\rse to ! ,analogy ( ,?+s4 ,x be+ once agre$1 t ! ,/>s are 9 ,motion1 :i*1 z ,i h endeav\r$ 9 my la/ ,lett] to %ew is n f> f an und5iable ,tru?1 we mu/ next consid] 9 :at ,mann] !y move4 ,fir/ !n1 to suppose !m to move 9 "r ,l9es1 y "k is contr>y to all ! ,laws & ,pr9ciples we at pres5t "k (2 & s9ce !re are b two ,ways t !y c possibly move 9 any natural ,ord]1 t is1 ei!r 9 "r ,l9es1 or 9 ,curves1 ?is be+ "o1 x mu/ ( c\rse be ! o!r1 i4 e4 9 an ,orbit2 & consequ5tly1 7 we able to view !m f _! middle ,position1 z f ! ,eye seat$ 9 ! ,c5t] ( ,plate ,,xxv4 we might expect to f9d !m sep>ately mov+ 9 all mann] ( ,directions r\nd a g5]al ,c5t]1 su* z is !re repres5t$4 ,x only n[ rema9s to %ew h[ a ,numb] ( ,/>s1 s dispos$ 9 a circul> ,mann] r\nd any giv5 ,c5t]1 may solve ! ,phnom5a be=e u4 ,!re are b two ,ways possible to be propos$ by :i* x c be done1 & "o ( :i* ,i ?9k is highly probable2 b :i* ( ! two w meet y\r ,approbation1 ,i %all n v5ture to det]m9e1 only "h inclos$ ,i int5d to s5d y bo?4 ,! fir/ is 9 ! ,mann] ,i h above describ$1 i4 e4 all mov+ ! same ,way1 & n mu* deviat+ f ! same ,plane1 z ! ,planets 9 _! helioc5tric ,motion d r\nd ! sol> ,body4 ,9 ?is ,case ! prim>y1 second>y1 & t]ti>y con/itu5t ,orbits1 c4 fram+ ! ,hypo!ses1 are repres5t$ 9 ,plate ,,xxii1 & ! ,consequ5ce ( su* a ,!ory aris+ f su* an univ]sal ,law ( ,motion 9 ,plate ,,xxiii4 :]e ,b1 ,d d5otes ! local ,motion ( ! ,sun 9 ! true ,orbis ,magnus1 & ,e1 ,c t ( ! ,e>? 9 h] prop] second>y ,orbit1 :i* ( c\rse is suppos$1 z is %ewn 9 ! ,figure to *ange its sid]eal ,positions1 9 ! same ,mann] z ! ,moon does r\nd ! ,e>?1 & consequ5tly w occasion a k9d ( ,procession1 or annual ,v>iation 9 ! ,place ( ! ,sun1 n unlike t ( ! ,equ9oxes1 or ,motion ( all ! ,/>s toge!r1 f ,we/ to ,ea/ r\nd ! ,ecliptic ,poles1 & probably may 9 "s ,degree be ! ,occasion ( x4 ,?is ,angle is repres5t$1 b mu* magnifi$1 by ! ,l9es ,f1 ,c1 ,g1 & ! ,unnaturalness1 or ,absurdity ( a "r ,l9e ,motion ( ! ,sun by ! ,l9e ,i1 ,h4 ,! second ,me?od ( solv+ ?is ,phnom5a1 is by a sph]ical ,ord] ( ! ,/>s1 all mov+ ) diff]5t ,direction r\nd "o common ,c5t]1 z ! ,planets & ,comets toge!r d r\nd ! ,sun1 b 9 a k9d ( ,%ell1 or concave ,orb4 ,! =m] is easily conceiv$1 f :at has be5 already said1 & ! latt] is z easy to be und]/ood1 if y h any ,idea ( ! ,segm5t ( a ,globe1 :i* ! adjac5t ,figures1 w1 ,i hope1 assi/ y to4 ,! ,doctr9e ( ^! ,motions w p]haps be made v obvi\s to y1 by inspect+ ! foll[+ ,plates4 ,,plate ,,xxiv4 ,is a ,repres5tation ( ! ,convexity1 if ,i may call x s1 ( ! intire ,creation1 z a univ]sal ,coalition ( all ! ,/>s consph]$ r\nd "o g5]al ,c5t]1 & z all gov]n$ by "o & ! same ,law4 ,,plate ,,xxv4 ,is a c5t]al ,section ( ! same1 ) ! ,eye ( ,provid5ce seat$ 9 ! ,c5t]1 z 9 ! virtual ,ag5t ( ,creation4 ,,plate ,,xxvi4 ,repres5ts a ,creation ( a d\ble ,con/ruction1 :]e a sup]ior ,ord] ( ,bodies ,c1 may be imag9$ to be circumscrib$ by ! =m] "o ,a1 z possess+ a m em95t ,seat1 & ne>] ! supream ,pres5ce1 & consequ5tly ( a m p]fect ,nature4 ,la/ly1 ,,plate ,,xxvii4 ,repres5ts su* a ,section1 & ,segm5ts ( ! same1 z ,i hope w give y a p]fect ,idea ( :at ,i mean by su* a ,!ory4 ,fig4 #a4 is a correspond+ ,section ( ! ,"p at ,a1 9 ,fig4 #b4 ^: v]s$ ,s9e is equal to half ! ,?ickness ( ! />ry ,vortice ,a ,c1 or ,b ,a4 ,n[ ,i say1 by suppos+ ! ,?ickness ( ?is ,%ell1 #a4 y may imag9e ! middle ,semi-,*ord ,a ,d1 or ,a ,e1 to be ne>ly #f2 & consequ5tly ?us 9 a l regul> ,di/ribution ( ! ,/>s1 !re mu/ ( c\rse be at lea/ ?ree ,times z _m to be se5 9 ?is ,direction ( ! ,s9e1 or ,semi-*ord ,a ,e1 itself1 ?an 9 t ( ! semi-v]s$ ,s9e ,a ,c1 or any :]e ne> ! ,direction ( ! ,radius ( ! ,space ,g4 ,q4 ,e4 ,d4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxiii4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxiv4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxv4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxvi4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxvii4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxviii4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxix4 ,b we are n conf9$ by ?is ,!ory to ?is ,=m only1 !re may be v>i\s ,sy/ems ( ,/>s1 z well z ( ,planets1 & diff]+ probably z mu* 9 _! ,ord] & ,di/ribution z ! ,zones ( ,jupit] d f ! ,r+s ( ,saturn1 x is n at all necess>y1 t e collective ,body ( ,/>s %\ld move 9 ! same ,direction1 or aft] ! same ,model ( ,motion1 b may z reasonably be suppos$ z mu* to v>y1 z we f9d our ,planets & ,comets d4 ,h5ce we may imag9e "s ,creations ( ,/>s may move 9 ! ,direction ( p]fect ,sph]es1 all v>i\sly incl9$1 direct & retrograde2 o!rs aga91 z ! prim>y ,planets d1 9 a g5]al ,zone or ,zodiack1 or m prop]ly 9 ! ,mann] ( ,saturn's ,r+s1 nay1 p]haps ,r+ )9 ,r+1 to a ?ird or f\r? ,ord]1 z %ewn 9 ,plate ,,xxviii4 no?+ be+ m evid5t1 ?an t if all ! ,/>s we see mov$ 9 "o va/ ,r+1 l ^? ( ,saturn1 r\nd any c5tral ,body1 or ,po9t1 ! g5]al ,phnom5a ( our ,/>s w\ld be solv$ by x2 see ,plate ,,xxix4 ,fig4 #a4 & #b4 ! "o repres5t+ a full ,plane ( ^! ,motions1 ! o!r a ,pr(ile ( !m1 & a visible ,creation at ,b & ,c1 ! c5tral ,body ,a1 be+ suppos$ z incognitum1 )\t ! f9ite ,view2 n only ! ,phnom5a ( ! ,milky ,way may be ?us acc\nt$ =1 b also all ! cl\dy ,spots1 & irregul> ,di/ribution ( !m2 & ,i _c help be+ ( ,op9ion1 t c\ld we view ,saturn ?ro' a ,telescope capable ( x1 we %\ld f9d 8 ,r+s no o!r ?an an inf9ite ,numb] ( less] ,planets1 inf]ior to ^? we call 8 ,satellites3 ,:at incl9es me to believe x1 is ?is1 ?is ,r+1 or ,collection ( small ,bodies1 appe>s to be sometimes v exc5tric1 t is1 m di/ant f ,saturn's ,body on "o ,side ?an on ! o!r1 & z visibly leav+ a l>g] ,space betwe5 ! ,body & ! ,r+2 :i* w\ld h>dly be ! ,case1 if ! ,r+1 or ,r+s1 7 connect$1 or solid1 s9ce we h good ,reason to suppose1 x w\ld be equally attract$ on all ,sides by ! ,body ( ,saturn1 & by t means pres]ve e :]e an equal ,di/ance f him2 b if !y are really little ,planets1 x is cle>ly demon/rable f our own 9 l ,cases1 t !re may be frequ5tly m ( !m on "o ,side1 ?an on ! o!r1 & b v r>ely1 if ev]1 an equal ,di/ribution ( !m all r\nd ! ,saturnian ,globe4 ,h[ mu* a ,confirmation ( ?is is to be wi%$1 y\r own ,curiosity may make y judge1 & "h ,i leave x = ! ,opticians to det]m9e4 ,i %all cont5t myself ) obs]v+ t ,nature nev] leaves u )\t a suffici5t ,guide to conduct u ?r\gh all ! necess>y ,pa?s ( ,k2 & x is f> f absurd to suppose ,provid5ce may h e :]e ?r\gh\t ! :ole ,univ]se1 int]sp]s$ ,modules ( e ,creation1 z our ,div9es tell u1 ,man is ! ,image ( ,god himself4 ,?us1 ,sir1 y h _h my full ,op9ion1 )\t ! lea/ ,res]ve1 conc]n+ ! visible ,creation1 consid]$ z ,"p ( ! f9ite ,univ]se2 h[ f> ,i h succe$$ 9 my design$ ,solution ( ! ,via ,lactea1 ^u :i* ! ,!ory ( ! ,:ole is =m$1 is a ,?+ w h>dly be kn[n 9 ! pres5t ,c5tury1 z 9 all ,probability x may require "s ,ages ( ,obs]vation to discov] ! ,tru? ( x4 ,x rema9s t ,i %\ld n[ give y "s ,idea ( ,"t & ,space2 b ?is w af=d ,matt] suffici5t = ano!r ,lett]4 ,i am1 c4 ,illu/ration ,,lett] ,,! ,,eigh?4 ,( ,"t & ,space1 ) reg>d to ! kn[n ,objects ( ,imm5sity & ,duration4 ,,sir1 ,! ,opportunity y gave me 9 y\r la/ ,visit1 ( %ew+ y my g5]al ,s*eme ( ! ,univ]se1 ,i f9d1 besides ! ,pleasure x !n gave1 is n[ att5d$ ) _m useful ,advantages4 ,i n[ n only hope to be bett] und]/ood = ! future1 b h reason to expect :at ,i n[ write w m]it y\r ,att5tion m1 & h "s ,title to y\r ,approbation4 ,! ,ideas ,i h fram'd ( ,"t & ,space1 w n[ m gradually fill y\r ,imag9ation bo? ) ,wond] & ,delight1 be=e !y c arise s high z to be lo/ 9 an ,et]nity & ! ,inf9ity ( ,space4 ,& ,i am fully p]swad$ y\r f>!r ,inquiries into ^! va/ ,prop]ties ( ! ,deity1 w "h be answ]$ intirely to y\r ,satisfaction4 ,y mu/ all[ me n[ to be 9 "s measure a ,judge ( :at ,i ?9k w please y mo/1 f ! ,obs]vations y h made ^u my g5]al ,sy/em1 or o!rwise y w\ld h reason to ?9k me p]haps too presum+3 ,b ,i flatt] myself ! great ,difficulty is n[ ov]2 & :at rema9s to be said1 w all s naturally foll[ f :at has gone be=e1 t ?is ,lett]1 ,i guess1 w g ne> to furni% y ) all ! ,ideas y wi% to =m ^u ! ,subject4 ,to :at y h said ( my hav+ left out my own ,habitation 9 my ,s*eme ( ! ,univ]se1 hav+ travell'd s f> into ,inf9ity z bo? to lose sight (1 & =get ! ,e>?1 ,i ?9k ,i may ju/ly answ] z ,ari/otle did :5 ,alex&]1 look+ ov] a ,map ( ! ,_w1 enquir'd ( him = ! ,city ( ,mac$on2 'tis said ! ,philosoph] told ! ,pr9ce1 ,t ! ,place he s\ght = 0 mu* too small to be !re tak5 ,notice (1 & 0 n )\t suffici5t ,reason omitt$4 ,! ,sy/em ( ! ,sun comp>'d b ) a v m9ute ,"p ( ! visible ,creation1 takes up s small a ,portion ( ! kn[n ,univ]se1 t 9 a v f9ite ,view ( ! ,imm5sity ( ,space1 ,i judg'd ! ,seat ( ! ,e>? to be ( v little ,consequ5ce1 c\ld ,i h possibly repres5t$ x1 z n only be+ "o ( ! smalle/ ,objects 9 our ,regions1 b 9 a mann] inf9itely less ?an ev5 h] own annual ,orbit1 & _h no?+ to d ) my ma9 ,design1 :i* 0 to repres5t all our planet>y ,worlds z "o collective ,body1 & beg9 my comp>ative ,scale ( ,magnitude f ! ,sun only & 8 ,sph]e ( activity2 z ! smalle/ ,object ,i c\ld ) any ,propriety pret5d to express 9 su* a ,plan4 ,9 "s ,measure to conv9ce y t ,i h committ$ no ,error 9 ?is1 ,i w try by "s less ma!matical ,me?od ?an t ( me] ,numb]s1 to impr9t an ,idea 9 y\r ,m9d ( ! true ,ext5t ( ! sol> ,sy/em1 & ! ,magnitude ( all its mov+ ,bodies1 by natural ,objects mo/ famili> to y\r ,s5ses4 ,:5 we endeav\r to =m any ,idea ( ,di/ance1 ,magnitude1 or ,duration1 by ,numb]s only1 we s soon exce$ ! ,limits ( ,conception1 t ?is way we f9d our ,faculties ( reason+ z f9ite z our ,s5ses2 & no d\bt 'tis "r x %\ld be s1 ,provid5ce1 z x 71 hav+ orda9'd t ! fir/ %\ld only att5d ! la/1 9 su* an adequate ,degree to a det]m9'd ,di/ance2 b :at ,di/ance or ,degree ( ,k is de/9'd to human ,nature1 none b ! ,p[] t gave x c tell4 ',tis c]ta9 t beyond ! ?ird or f\r? ,place ( our ,nom5clator1 we receive b v fa9t ,impressions ( ! ?+ expre/1 & c frame sc>ce any ,notion at all ( ei!r ,numb]1 ,di/ance1 or ,magnitude1 signifi$ beyond x3 ,h5ce ,a/ronom]s are frequ5tly oblig'd to h rec\rse to mixt ,ideas1 & make ,?+s ( diff]5t ,natures & ,prop]ties assi/ ea* o!r1 to excite m adequate ,ideas ( :at !y w\ld h conceiv$4 ,?us to express imm5se ,di/ances & ,magnitude1 !y frequ5tly apply !mselves to ,"t & ,motion2 & vice v]sa1 to signify a long ,duration1 !y h (t5 rec\rse to ,di/ance & ,matt]1 remov+1 9 ,imag9ation1 ,worlds ( ,s&1 ,gra9 aft] ,gra91 to "s remote kn[n ,region4 ,hesiod1,,aq to express 8 ,idea ( ! ,di/ance f 8 highe/ ,heav5 to ,e>?1 & f ,e>? to ,hell1 or ,t>t>us1 supposes an ,anvil to be let fall f "o to ! o!r1 :i* he says 9 n9e natural ,days w\ld rea* ! ,e>? f ,heav51 & 9 ! same "t w\ld fall f ! ,e>? to ,hell4 ,,ar,hom] makes 8 ,vulcan fall f ,heav5 to ! ,isl& ( ,lemnos 9 mu* less ,"t1 n exce$+ "o full artificial ,day4 ,footnote ,,aq3 ,f ! high ,heav5 a braz5 ,anvil ca/1 ,n9e ,nights & ,days 9 rapid ,:irls w\ld la/1 ,& rea* ! ,e>? ! ,t5?1 :5ce /rongly hurl'd2 ,! same ! ,passage to ?' inf]nal ,_w4 ,cooke4 ,footnote ,,ar3 ,hurl'd headlong d[nw>d f ?' e!rial ,height2 ,toss'd all ! ,day 9 rapid ,circles r\nd1 ,nor till ! ,sun desc5d$ t\*'d ! ,gr\nd4 ,pope4 ,mod]n ,a/ronom]s h made use ( ! swifte/ ,velocity ( a ,cannon-,ball z cont9u$ ?ro' ! ,space !y w\ld s describe1 & 9 ?is ,light1 ! ,di/ance to ! ,sun has be5 by _m comp>'d to tw5ty-five ,ye>s ,motion ( a ,cannon-,ball1 suppos+ x to travel at ! ,rate ( #ajj ,fa?om 9 a ,mom5t1 i4 e4 ! ,pulse ( an ,art]y2 & t a ,j\rney s p]=m$ to "o ( ! ne>e/ fix'd ,/>s1 w\ld take ! same ,body at lea/ #ajj1jjj ,ye>s be=e x c\ld arrive !re4 ,b ! ,me?od ,i h *ose to convey my ,ideas ( ! ,magnitude ( ! planet>y ,bodies1 & ! ,ext5t ( ! visible ,creation to y1 ,i am will+ to hope y w f9d /ill m famili>1 compreh5sive1 & easy3 ,& x only dep5ds ^u y\r ,remembrance ( a v few kn[n ,objects1 & _! neighb\r+ ,di/ances1 :i* may be presum$ y are1 or h be51 v well acqua9t$ )4 ,y h n only v lately b v (t5 be5 9 ,london1 & mu/1 ,i ?9k1 reta9 "s ,idea ( ! ,dome ( ,/4 ,paul's1 ?o' ,i own ,i ought n to be sorry if y %\ld *ance to h =got x1 provid$ x might prove a ,means ( mak+ y\r ,visits m frequ5t4 ,! ,diamet] ( ! ,dome ( ?is ,*ur* is #ade ,feet3 ,n[ if y c imag9e ?is to repres5t ! ,surface ( ! ,sun1 a sph]ical ,body #ah ,in*es diamet]1 w ju/ly repres5t ! ,e>? 9 l ,proportion2 & ano!r ( only five ,in*es diamet]1 w repres5t ! ,moon4 ,! ,tru?s ( ^! ,proportions ,i h %ewn 9 my ,clavis ,cle/is2 & ! ,reason :y ,i h "h fixt ^u ! ,dome ( ?is ,*ur* = my fir/ ,object ( ,comp>ison1 w naturally appe> f :at foll[s4 ,f ! ,magnitude ( ! ,e>? on :i* we live1 z f a kn[n ,scale ) respect to its ,p>ts comp>'d ) our own ,bodies1 we naturally frame our fir/ ,ideas ( ,ext5t1 & fix our ,rationale ( ,remot5ess2 by :i* we are suffici5tly enabl$ to judge ( all o!r s5sible ,di/ances )9 "o f9ite ,view4 ,& h5ce by ! und\bt$ ,pr9ciples ( ,geometry1 hav+ fir/ giv5 ! ,measurem5t ( ! ,e>? 9 any kn[n ,proportion ) any o!r ,quantity mo/ famili> to our ,s5ses1 & ! ,angle ( ,appe>ance1 or ,p>allax to any p]ceivable ,object1 we c easily f9d 9 homog5ial ,p>ts its true ,di/ance f ! ,eye4 ,& ?us all[+ = "s small ?o' unavoidable ,errors1 t may possibly arise f ! ,difficulties ( ,obs]vation 7especially small ,angles & m9ute ,quantities7 we c always det]m9e to a suffici5t1 & v frequ5tly to a j ,exactness1 ! relative ,di/ance ( all visible ,bodies1 remote or ne>1 su* z ! ,planets1 ,comets1 & ! ,sun4 ,,z,9 ?is ,mann] ,a/ronom]s hav+ procur'd a comp>ative ,/&>d1 r$uc'd to "s kn[n ,measure1 z ,engli% ,miles1 ,leagues1 ,semi-,orbs or ,orbits1 ) all ! ,=ce ( analogical ,reason+1 cle>ly c demon/rate ! ,place & ,di/ance ( any ,object )9 ! ,rea* ( ,obs]vation1 & judge ( ,di/ances almo/ indef9ite4 ,footnote ,,z3 ,p>allax is ! *angeable ,position ( ,bodies to diff]5t ,situations ( ! ,eye4 ,fir/ hav+ f\nd ! ,quantity ( a ,degree 7i4 e4 a #fj? ,"p ( ! ,circumf]5ce7 ^u ! ,e>?'s ,surface1 ,arato/h5es discov]'d t ! ,magnitude ( ! :ole 0 easily kn[n2 & !n f ! ,moon's horizontal ,p>allax hav+ giv5 ! ,radius ( ! ,e>?1 ! ,di/ance ( ! ,moon is soon det]m9$2 next by ! m5/rual ,p>allax ( ! ,lun> ,orbit1 ! ,di/ance ( ! ,sun is f\nd2 & by ! ,elongation ( ! inf]ior ,planets1 _! mutual ,di/ance f ea* o!r2 &1 la/ly1 f ! annual ,p>allax ( ! ,e>?'s ,orbit1 all ! o!r ,orbits ( ! sup]ior ,planets are easily f\nd4 ,,plate ,,xxx4 ,w help y to v correct ,ideas ( ! real ,magnitude ( ! ,globe ( ! ,e>?1 comp>'d ) ! j ,ext5t ( ! ,isl& ( ,great-,brita91 :i* y w f9d ) ,irel&1 & ! re/ ( its ,isl&s1 seat$ ne> ! ,c5t] ( ! ,projection4 ,?is z a ,/&>d w enable y to judge ( all o!r ,di/ances m p]fectly2 & fir/ ,i %all consid] t ( ! ,sun4 ,! ,sun is f\nd to be mean di/ant f ! ,e>? ne>ly #ha ,millions ( ,miles1 or #fhgg1e ,diamet]s ( ! ,e>?2 & ,saturn1 ! remote/ ,planet f him is at 8 greate/ ,di/ance f u ab\t #heh ,millions ( ,miles3 ,yet ^! ,di/ances are b ! beg9n+ ( ,space1 & only s]ve to op5 our ,ideas = f>!r ,se>*4 ,! great ,comet ( #afhj1 z ,i h "s :]e said be=e1 0 f\nd to move 9 s va/ an exc5trick ,orbit1 t 9 its aphelion ,po9t x w\ld be #ad1d ,times z f> f ! ,sun1 z ! ,orbit ( ,saturn1 & h5ce at lea/ elev5 ?\s& & two hundr$ ,millions ( ,miles f u4 ,n[ s9ce ! wise ,creator ha? s dispos'd all ! indep5d5t ,p>ts ( ! ,creation1 su* z ! sev]al ,sy/ems ( prim>y & second>y ,planets1 c4 at s great a ,di/ance f ea* o!r1 t ! ,laws ( any "o 9 no wise %all int]f]e1 di/urb1 or int]rupt ! ,pr9ciples ( ano!r2 ?is ,comet1 :i* we c easily prove belong'd to our own ,sun1 we may well imag9e came n ne> any o!r2 & ?o' at t va/ ,di/ance f ! sol> ,body1 yet /ill !re mu/ h rema9'd a ,space suffici5t to divide or sep]ate ! s5sible activity ( neighb\r+ ,sy/ems1 t !y may n ru% ^u ea* o!r4 ,h5ce we may reasonably suppose1 t ! ne>e/ ,/> c be no ne>] ?an a triple ,radius ( its active ,sph]e2 & provid$ !y are all 9 regul> ,ord]1 & mu* ( ! same ,magnitude ) "o ano!r 7:i* no ,argum5ts c possibly contradict7 ?is ,radius we may ju/ly make #bjjj times ! ,di/ance ( our ,e>?4 ,= admitt+ ! utmo/ ,limits ( ! ,sun's ,attraction to exce$ ?is ,sph]e ( ! ,comets1 z f> z ! ,sph]e ( ! ,comets exce$s t ( ! ,planets1 :i* is ne>ly #ad1d times1 ! ,radius ( ! sol> ,sy/em w be ext5d$ e way #bjj ,radius's ( ! ,orbit ( ,saturn1 & consequ5tly ! ,di/ance f ,/> to ,/> w n be less ?an #fjjj times ! ,radius ( our ,orbis ,magnus1 & consequ5tly upw>ds ( #dhj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,miles4 ,t ?is is ev5 less ?an ! real ,tru?1 & may be def5d$ z a v mod]ate ,computation1 gr\nd$ ^u ,reason1 we h infallible ,demon/ration to witness1 & make appe> z ?us4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxx4 ,we "k f ! ,nature ( ,di/ance & ,motion t ! ,/>s may h an annual ,p>allax1 b x is s v small1 t ! v be/ ,a/ronom]s h nev] yet be5 able to assign :at ! ,quantity really is4 ,yet x is all['d by univ]sal ,cons5t1 t x c't possibly be m t "o ,m9ute ( a ,degree1 & may probably be mu* less4 ,mr4 ,flam/ead1 by repeat$ ,obs]vations1 made x 9 "s ( !m upw>ds ( #dj2 b ,mr4 ,bradley has endeav\r'd to prove x is e :]e too small to be det]m9$1 & assigns ?is ,angle to ano!r ,cause4 ,?is way !n we _c make _! ,di/ance less2 & to prove t x is some?+ m ?an ,i h said x is1 let u ev5 increase ! d\btful ,p>allax ( #dj to ! mo/ x possibly c be1 viz4 to #fj or #a2 & by ! ,solution ( ! ,triangle1 we %all f9d t ! ne>e/ ,/> is #fhge times ! ,radius ( ! ,e>?'s ,orbit f ! ,sun3 ,& ?is ?o' m ?an any o!r ,proportion makes !m1 is /ill und5iably less ?an ! ,tru?1 :i* e ,ma!matician w ( c\rse be conv9c'd (2 & y y\rself ( =ce mu/ believe1 :5 y are told1 t ! small] ! ,angle ( ,p>allax is1 ! f>!r ! ,body is remov'd f u4 ,by :i* ,rule1 accord+ to ,mr4 ,flam/ead's ,obs]vations1 ! ,di/ance mu/ be /ill great]3 ,by ! optical ,exp]im5t ( ,,at,mr4 ,huyg9s1 great] /ill ?an ?is2 & accord+ to ,mr4 ,bradley1 s mu* m z n ev5 too be det]m9'd4 ,footnote ,,at3 #bgffd ,radius's ( ! ,orbis ,magnus1 equal to ! ,di/ance ( ,syrius1 ^: ,p>allax %\ld be to answ] x b #ad #dh4 ,n[ if ! re/ are 9 g5]al f ea* o!r1 all[+ ! same ,ext5t ( ,sy/em1 & z mu* to "p ! l ,extreams ( active ,virtue1 be 9 su* ,proportion ( a]ial ,space1 x w appe>1 t to pass f any "o ,/> to ano!r1 we mu/ fly ?ro' s va/ a ,tract ( pure ,expanse or ,e!r1 t to visit any "o ( ! mo/ neighb\r+ ,sy/ems1 c\ld we travel ev5 z fa/ z ! swifte/ ,eagle flies1 = ,in/ance1 #ejj ,miles p] ,day1 yet %\ld we be #c1jjj1jjj ( ,ye>s ^u our way be=e we c\ld arrive !re2 & if cont9u+ on to view ! ,regions ( ! re/ )9 ! kn[n ,creation1 ,myriads ( ,ages w\ld be sp5t1 & yet we c\ld n hope to see ! :ole ( b ! smalle/ ,con/ellation4 ,b :at ,idea ( ,di/ance c y receive f ?is sort ( ,e/imation1 :]e ,numb]s arise s v high4 ,i own to y m9e are soon q lo/ by ?is ,me?od ( c\nt+1 ei!r1 ,di/ances or ,duration4 ,i believe few ,p c range _! ,ideas ) su* ,p]spicuity1 z to arrive at any adequate ,notion ( any ,numb] above a ?\s&4 ,to give y !re=e a cle>] ,idea ( ,di/ance1 & impress ! ,proportions ( ,space m /rongly & fully 9 y\r ,m9d1 let u suppose ! ,body ( ! ,sun1 z ,i h said be=e1 to be repres5t$ by ! ,dome ( ,/4 ,paul's2 9 su* ,proportion a sph]ical ,body eighte5 ,in*es ,diamet]1 mov+ at ,m>y-le-bone1 w ju/ly repres5t ! ,e>?1 & ano!r ( five ,in*es ,diamet]1 describ+ a ,circle ( =ty-five ,feet & a half ,radius r\nd x1 w repres5t ! ,orbit & ,globe ( ! ,moon4 ,a ,body at ! ,t[] ( #i1g ,in*es1 w repres5t ,m]cury2 & "o ( #ag1i ,in*es at ,/4 ,james's ,palace w repres5t ! ,planet ,v5us2 ,m>s may be suppos$ at a ,di/ance1 l t ( ,k5s+ton or ,gre5wi*1 #aj ,in*es ,diamet]3 ,jupit]1 imag9$ to be at ,hampton-,c\rt1 or ,d>t=d 9 ,k5t2 & ,saturn1 at ,cliefd51 or ne> ,*elms=d3 ,! fir/ repres5t$ by a ,globe #ae ,foot #d ,in*es ,diamet]1 ! latt] by "o ( #aa ,feet ,in*es & 8 ,r+ f\r ,feet broad3 ,^! w\ld all naturally repres5t ! planet>y ,bodies ( our ,sy/em 9 _! prop] ,orbits & proportional ,magnitudes1 z mov+ r\nd ! ,cupola ( ,/4 ,paul's1 z _! common ,c5t] ! ,sun4 ,& pres]v+ ! same natural ,scale1 ! ,aphelion ( ! fir/ ,comet w\ld be ab\t ,bury1 ! second at ,bri/ol1 & ! ?ird ne> ! ,city ( ,ed9burgh4 ,b if y w take into y\r ,idea "o ( ! ne>e/ ,/>s2 in/ead ( ! ,dome ( ,/4 ,paul's1 y mu/ suppose ! ,sun to be repres5t$ by ! gilt ,ball ^u ! ,top ( x1 & !n w ano!r su* ^u ! ,top ( ,/4 ,pet]'s at ,rome repres5t "o ( ! ne>e/ ,/>s4 ,! :ole ,sy/em exhibit$ 9 ! above ,proportion1 w\ld be ne>ly z foll[s3 ,diamet] ( ! ,sun #ade ,feet4 ,saturn #aa1ehg1 8 ,r+ #bg1ed1 its ,bread? #d4 ,jupit]1 #ae1ci4 ,m>s1 #aj1ae ,in*es4 ! ,e>?1 #ah1abe4 ,v5us1 #ag1ih ,m]cury1 #i1gae & ! ,moon1 #d1ic ,,au,di/ance ( ,saturn f ! ,sun1 #bg ,miles1 & #agjj ,y>ds4 ,jupit]1 #ae ,miles1 & #deh ,y>ds4 ,m>s1 #d ,miles1 & #gea ,y>ds4 ! ,e>?1 #b ,miles1 & #afcb ,y>ds4 ,v5us1 #b ,miles1 & #bag ,y>ds4 ,m]cury1 #a ,mile1 & #bfg ,y>ds4 & ( ! ,moon1 f u1 #de ,y>ds & a half4 ,footnote ,,au3 ,( ! ,satellites ( ,saturn 9 ! above ,proportion4 ,! #a #bg1if #b #ce1eb ,feet di/ant f 8 #c w\ld be #ej1 ,c5t]4 #d #aad1 #e #cda1i ,& ^? ( ,jupit]4 ,! #a #bh1ea #b w\ld be #fi1agg #c #aaj1bbd ,feet di/ant f him4 #d #aij1 ,t ( ! mo/ di/ant ,comet #cij1 & ! ne>e/ ( ! ,/>s n less ?an #fhge1;,,av ,radius's ( ! ,orbis ,magnus4 ,footnote ,,av3 ,radius1 or ,sign ( #hi #ei #cj ---- ---- #aj1jjjjjjj ,s9e sub/ract ( #j #j #cj ---- ---- #f1afbfifa ---------- ,h5ce ! ,di/ance #fhge1e ---- ---- #c1hcgcjci ,n[1 if l ,creations cr[d ! va/ ,dep?s ( ,inf9ity1 & if ea* are adapt$ to receive ,be+s ( diff]5t ,natures1 :]e mu/ our ,wond] & ,ideas h end8 ,z x is evid5t 9 ! ,sign ,taurus1 9 ,p]seus1 & ,orion1 t we c pla9ly p]ceive ,/>s to ! six? & n9? ,magnitude1 ! =m] ) our nak$ ,eye1 ! o!r by ! ,help ( ,telescopes1 ! visional ocul> ,creation _c be less ?an #d1cbj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,miles 9 semi ,diamet]1 & admitt+ a regul> ,di/ribution ( ^? primordial ,bodies among/ !mselves1 ! ,dep?1 or mo/ remote ,limits ( ! ,vortex ,magnus f ,side to ,side1 _c be less ?an #h m1 m1 #fdj ?\s& ( ,million ( ,miles1 admitt+ x is no m ?an :at we see2 & la/ly1 suppos+ our ,sy/em to be situat$ ne>ly 9 ! ,middle ( ! ,vortex ,magnus 7:i*1 f ! visible ,ord] ( ! ,/>s1 we may ju/ly conjecture1 ) ! highe/ ,probability ( ,tru?7 ! ne>e/ ,di/ance ( ! ,ens ,primum1 9 ! ,realms ( et]nal ,day1 w rise to #cj1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,miles1 b m probably to #ajj1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,miles1 mak+ ! ,conf9es ( ,creation f ,v]ge to ,v]ge 9 ! fir/ ,case1 upw>ds ( #fh ,million ( ,millions ( ,miles1 ,diamet]1 & by ! la/ above #bjj4 ,b1 if we compute ! ,di/ance ( ! ,/>s aft] ! ,mann] ( ,huyg5s1 = 8 ,di/ance ( ,syrius f ! ,sun1 ! ,di/ance ( ! ,region ( ,immortality )\t exce$+ ,probability may rise to ne> #a1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj1jjj ,miles4 ,n[ to pass by any progressive ,motion f ! outw>d ,v]ge1 or ,bord]s ( ! ,creation1 ?ro' ! />ry ,regions ( ,mortality1 if ,i may call !m s1 z f> z ! ,c5t] ( ! ,ens ,primum1 or ,s$es ,beatorum1 accord+ to ,hom]1 or ,milton's ,mann] ( measur+ ,space1 a ,body fall+1 or a ,be+ mov+ ) a ,velocity b ( #ajjj ,feet p] ,m9ute1 i4 e4 at ! ,rate ( #bj1jjj ,y>ds p] ,h\r1 or ab\t #cjj ,miles p] ,day1 w\ld be at lea/ #cjj1jjj1jjj ,ye>s ^u its ,j\rney ?i!r1 if n #a1jjj1 m1 & p]haps mu* m1 )\t (f5d+ ,probability2 b ev5 ?ree ,million ,c5turies1 or ,ages1 sure is en\gh to be employ'd1 9 pass+ f "o ,place to ano!r2 !re=e1 we may conclude1 ! ,s\l mu/ h "s o!r ,vehicle ?an c be f\nd 9 ! ,ideas ( ,matt] to convey x s f>1 at lea/ at once4 ,h5ce we may truly inf]1 t ! ,s\l mu/ be immat]ial1 & t 9 all ,probability !re may be ,/ates 9 ! ,univ]se s mu* m long] liv$ ?an ours1 t1 comp>$ ) ! ,age ( ,man1 ! ,age ( su* ,be+s may be almo/ z an ,et]nity1 or r1 z t ( ! human ,species to t ( a ,sun-born ,insect4 ,aga91 if !re are /ill ,/>s beyond all ^! ( o!r ,d5om9ation1 :i* we d n "h p]ceive1 h[ va/ly mu/ ^! ,numb]s be increas$1 to express1 almo/ )\t ,idea1 ! amaz+ ,:ole ( ?is "o visible ,creation2 b :at has be5 already said1 ,i judge w be suffici5t to %[ ! ,imm5sity ( ,space1 & help y to conceive ! /up5di\s ,nature ( an endless ,univ]se2 e :]e ! home ,possession1 ,production1 & in/antane\s ,c>e1 ( an inf9ite good ,be+1 p]fectly wise1 & p[]ful1 ( :om we c h no ,idea m1 ?an a ,be+ 9 d>k ,privation c h ( ,light1 b ?r\gh ! ,lu/re ( 8 own respl5d5t ,attributes4 ,?us1 hav+ attempt$ to enl>ge y\r ,ideas ( ! ,creation 9 g5]al1 & 9 "s measure hav+ consid]$ ! ,indef9ity ( ,space1 ,i %all 9 ! next ,place proce$ to give y "s ,acc\nt ( my ,notions ( ,"t4 ,z ,di/ance is ! ,measure ( ,magnitude & ( all ,ext5t1 & helps our ,imag9ation to ! ,ideas ( ,space1 s are progressive ,mom5ts ! ,measure ( ,velocity1 & makes u s5sible ( ,duration3 ,& z ,space may be ext5d$ ?r\gh all ,inf9ity1 s ,"t may be cont9u$ z to ,et]nity4 ,?is ,succession ( temporal ,ideas impress$1 or excit$ 9 ! ,m9d1 z an ,effect ( ,matt] 9 ,motion1 produc+ a p]petual ,*ange1 bo? ( ,objects e>?ly & cele/ial1 enables u n only to reflect ^u pa/ ,vicissitudes ( ,nature1 b f _! regul> ,c\rses1 kn[n ,ord] & ,returns1 pr$ict ,phnom5a to come1 & prove ! p]iodical ,effects ( ,nature's con/ant ,laws s j & c]ta91 t ,"t may be said ) ,tru?1 to co-exi/ ) ,motion4 ,measure be+ a c]ta9 ,quantity ( ,s5sation int]wove ) our ,ideas ( ,di/ance & ,duration1 proce$+ f a ,reflection ( :at is impress$ ^u ! ,m9d by "s ext]nal ,object1 ,i mu/ aga9 return to our ,"m ( ,ideas ! ,e>?1 & f !nce1 z ,i did1 ( ,di/ance1 frame ! orig9al ,images be/ suit$ to ! ,und]/&+1 prop] = our ,judgm5t ( ,duration4 ,"t takes its fir/ ,d5om9ation f ! diurnal ,rotation ( ! ,e>? ^u its ,axis1 :i* we call a natural ,day1 & ?is = obvi\s ,reasons we subdivide 9 tw5ty-f\r ,p>ts or ,h\rs4 ,?is diurnal ,motion hav+ be5 successively repeat$1 & ! ,day r5ew$ ?ree hundr$ & sixty-five ,times1 we f9d t all ! vegetable ,_w has gone ?r\gh all its ,v>iegations1 & ,nature has aga9 put on ! same ,face1 adapt$ to ! ,season2 dur+ :i* ,"t1 & inde$ :i* occasions ?is g5]al ,*ange & ,repetition1 ! ,e>? is f\nd to make "o intire ,revolution r\nd ! ,sun4 ,?is ,space1 or ,p]iod ( ,"t1 we call a sol>1 or r a natural ,ye>2 & f our ,s5sibility ( ?is1 & its con/itu5t ,p>ts1 bo? hor>y & diurnal1 we =m our g5]al ,judgm5t ( ,duration4 ,saturn1 ! mo/ remote1 & mo/ regul> ,planet 9 our ,sy/em1 z has be5 said be=e1 p]=ms "o ,revolution r\nd ! ,sun 9 ab\t tw5ty-n9e ( ! above sol> ,ye>s3 ,! great ,comet ( #afhj makes b "o p]iodical ,return 9 five hundr$ & sev5ty-five ( ^? ,ye>s1 & ! g5]al ,motion ( ! ,/>s1 aris+ f ! ,procession ( ! ,equ9oxes1 altoge!r cont9ually *ang+ _! ,aspect1 or ,position1 at ! ,rate ( #ej p] ,ye> r\nd ! ecliptic ,poles1 compleats b "o ,revolution 9 #beibj ,ye>s2 9 :i* ,"t ! :ole sid]eal ,frame ( ,heav5 has *ang$1 & e ,/> return$ to ! same ,po9t ( ! sol> ,sph]e x set out f4 ,?is is by _m call$ ! great ,saturnian ,ye>3 ,conc]n+ :i*1 ,mr4 ,addison has ?us translat$ an em95t ,au?or4 ,:5 r\nd ! great ,saturnian ,ye> has turn'd1 ,9 _! old ,ranks ! w&]+ ,/>s %all /&1 ,z :5 fir/ m>%all'd by ! ,almighty's ,h&4 ,addison4 ,n[1 if ?is sid]eal ,revolution1 aris+ f a second>y ,cause1 require ?is ,numb] ( ,ye>s to p]fect "o ,rotation1 :at mu/ _! primitive ,orbits take to circumscribe ! ,vortex ,magnus4 ,x has be5 obs]v$1 t ! bigge/ ,/> to u sc>ce moves a ,m9ute 9 an hundr$ ,ye>s1 & ! mo/ remote z ins5sibly = ,ages1 f :5ce & :at has be5 already said ( ! imag9$ ,di/ance ( ! g5]al ,c5t]1 we may frame ?is probable & well-gr\nd$ ,guess1 t ! mean ,revolution ( a ,/> ne> ! ,middle ( ! ,vortex ,magnus1 _c be made 9 less ?an a ,million ( ,ye>s1 & ?\gh to u imp]ceptible1 our ,sun 9 8 own orbicul> ,direction1 may be mov+ _m ,miles p] ,day4 ,besides1 if local ,motion c be prov$ among/ ! ,/>s1 :at less ?an an ,et]nity c aga9 re/ore !m to _! orig9al ,ord] & primitive ,/ate4 ,su* va/ ,room 9 ,nature1 z ,milton f9ely expresses x1 _c be )\t its ,use2 & no?+ b absolute ,demon/ration is want+ 7:i* f _! ,nature & ,di/ance _c be expect$7 to confirm ! gr& ,design1 s suit$ to ! ,deity's inf9ite ,capacity1 & ( et]nal ,b5efit to all 8 ,creatures1 especially ,be+s ( a rational ,s5se1 & 9 p>ticul> ,mank9d4 ,( ^! habitable ,worlds1 su* z ! ,e>?1 all :i* we may suppose to be also ( a t]re/rial or t]raque\s ,nature1 & fill$ ) ,be+s ( ! human ,species1 subject to ,mortality1 x may n be amiss 9 ?is ,place to compute h[ _m may be conceiv$ )9 our f9ite ,view e cle> ,/>-light ,night4 ,x has already be5 made appe>1 t !re _c possibly be less ?an #aj1jjj1jjj ,suns1 or ,/>s1 )9 ! ,radius ( ! visible ,creation2 & admitt+ !m all to h ea* b an equal ,numb] ( prim>y ,planets mov+ r\nd !m1 x foll[s t !re mu/ be )9 ! :ole cele/ial ,area #fj1jjj1jjj planet>y ,worlds l ours4 ,& if to ^! we add ^? ( ! second>y ,class1 su* z ! ,moon1 :i* we may naturally suppose to att5d p>ticul> prim>y ones1 & e ,sy/em m or less ( !m z well z "h2 su* ,satellites may am\nt 9 ! ,:ole p]haps to #ajj1jjj1jjj1 or m1 9 all toge!r !n we may safely reckon #agj1jjj1jjj1 & yet be mu* )9 ,compass1 exclusive ( ! ,comets :i* ,i judge to be by f> ! mo/ num]\s ,"p ( ! ,creation4 ,9 ?is great ,cele/ial ,creation1 ! ,cata/rophy ( a ,_w1 su* z ours1 or ev5 ! total ,dissolution ( a ,sy/em ( ,worlds1 may possibly be no m to ! great ,au?or ( ,nature1 ?an ! mo/ common ,accid5t 9 ,life ) u1 & 9 all ,probability su* f9al & g5]al ,doom-,days may be z frequ5t !re1 z ev5 ,bir?-,days1 or ,mortality ) u ^u ! ,e>?4 ,?is ,idea has some?+ s *e>ful 9 x1 t ,i own ,i c nev] look ^u ! ,/>s )\t wond]+ :y ! :ole ,_w does n become ,a/ronom]s2 & t ,m5 end[$ ) ,s5se & ,reason1 %\ld neglect a ,sci5ce !y are naturally s mu* int]e/$ 91 & s capable ( inl>g+ ! ,und]/&+1 z next to a ,demon/ration1 mu/ conv9ce !m ( _! ,immortality1 & reconcile !m to all ^? little ,difficulties incid5t to human ,nature1 )\t ! lea/ ,anxiety4 ,su* a ,pro!sis c sc>ce be call$ less ?an an ocul> ,revelation1 n only %ew+ u h[ reasonable x is to expect a future ,life1 b z x 71 po9t+ out to u ! ,bus9ess ( an ,et]nity1 & :at we may ) ! greate/ ,confid5ce expect f ! et]nal ,provid5ce1 dignify+ our ,natures ) some?+ analog\s to ! ,k we attribute to ,angels2 f :5ce we ought to despise all ! ,vicissitudes ( adv]se ,=tune1 :i* make s _m n>r[-m9d$ ,mortals mis]able4 ,i am n[1 c4 ,,lett] ! ,,n9?4 ,reflections1 by ,way ( ,g5]al ,scolia1 ( ,consequ5ces relat+ to ! ,immortality ( ! ,s\l1 & conc]n+ ,inf9ity & ,et]nity4 ,,sir1 ,?is my la/ ,lett] to y1 ,i mean my f9al a/ronomical "o1 ,i propose z a ,g5]al ,scolia to ! re/1 ! pr9ciple ,matt] be+ ,reflections ^u :at is gone be=e1 ) "s ,conclusion naturally foll[+ or app5dant to :at has be5 already said2 b :i*1 ,i c\ld n 9 any o!r ,place1 s prop]ly rem>k to y4 ,! ,probability ( ! =ego+ ,conjectures1 *iefly built ^u v di/ant ,obs]vations1 %ew an app>5t ,necessity = "s o!r k9d ( ,doctr9e p]mitt$ by ,provid5ce1 to give ,mank9d a ,k ( _! ,immortality & ,dep5dance ^u x1 9 ! fir/ ,ages ( ! ,_w4 ,& = ! same ,reason x evid5tly appe>s1 t ! anci5t ,philosoph]s _h x n 9 _! ,p[] to prove a supream ,be+ & ,director ( all ,?+s ?is ,way4 ,& yet1 z by a ,sort ( ,in/9ct1 or natural ,reason1 & ,consci\sness ( a good ,pr9ciple1 we see h[ _m noble ,/eps !y made t[>ds x1 & 0 conv9c'd at la/ ( ?is great ,tru?1 t s9ce !re 0 a ,m9d 9 s imp]fect a ,creature z ,man1 ! p]fect ,univ]se1 :i* compreh5d$ all ,?+s1 c\ld n possibly be )\t "o2 & z ,sir ,isaac ,newton has ju/ly obs]v$ 9 8 ,pr9cipia1 ,if e ,p>ticle ( ,space be always1 & e individual ,mom5t ( ,duration e :]e2 surely ! ,mak] & ,"l ( all ,?+s1 _c be nev] & no :]e4 ,to make manife/ ! inf9ite ,empire & ,ag5cy ( ,god1 f cele/ial ,motion1 became ! ,task1 b ( v late ,ye>s2 & ,i c't help be+ ( ,op9ion1 t by means ( ^! prim>y ,bodies1 only1 we %all at l5g? be able to trace ! great] ,circulations1 & ,laws ( ,nature1 to _! real orig9al & f\nta9 ,head4 ,^!1 7 any ?+ want+1 besides ! ,miracle ourselves1 to conv9ce u ( a div9e ,orig9ation1 are all infallible ,pro(s1 t ! ,univ]se is gov]n$ by an intellig5t & all-p[]ful ,be+1 ^: ,exi/5ce is too ne>ly relat$ to a self-evid5t ,tru? to be m cle>ly demon/rat$1 ?an x is manife/ ( itself1 bo? f ! p>ticul> ,laws ( ,nature1 & ! g5]al ,ord] ( ,?+s4 ,an ,argum5t :i* has be5 ?\ght ( no small ,=ce1 & well wor? obs]v+ 9 ! ,infancy ( ,*ri/ianity4 ,! invisible ,?+s ( ,god are cle>ly se51 be+ und]/ood by ! ,?+s t are made1 ev5 8 et]nal ,p[] & ,godhead4 ,rom4 i4 #bj4 ,b 'tis n[ high "t to look back ^u my ,!ory1 & tell y x is a va9 ,supposition1 to imag9e ,i %all ev] be able to conv9ce e ,read]1 ei!r ( ! ,tru? or ,probability ( :at ,i h advanc$ to y3 ,ma!matical ,assi/ance n be+ to be expect$1 :]e p]haps x has nev] be5 ?\ght (2 & ,i all[ y1 x is mu* m reasonable to expect1 t fifty ,p]sons w read ^! ,lett]s )\t p]ceiv+ ! ,reasonabl5ess ( !m1 ?an t five %\ld consid] !m ) prop] ,judgm5t4 ,i mu/ +5u\sly confess to y1 t no?+ is want+ to conv9ce me intirely ( ! ,c]ta9ty ( :at ,i "h advance by way ( ,conjecture to y4 ,b ?is y mu/ only look ^u z an happy ,p>tiality1 :i* g5]ally att5ds all ,au?ors1 & always w be ! *ief ,support ( _! t$i\s ,lab\rs4 ,i assure y1 ,i h nei!r ,hopes nor ,expectation1 no1 n ! weak ,brea? ( a ,wi%1 to be admitt$ a prop] ,judge ( my own ,works4 ,b ,i %all always take _! ,imp]fection to be r1 7l my own ,faults7 to be too ne> me to be se52 ,i !re=e tru/ all to my ,fri5d1 & if ,i am s =tunate z to excite 8 ,approbation1 ,i %all ?9k myself v happy 9 a v fav\rite ,po9t2 :i* is1 ,! advanc+ no?+ :i* a rational ,read] w\ld will+ly ov]look1 or be ignorant (4 ,b if ,i h be5 s happy z to come s ne> ! ,m>k1 z to bord] ^u ,tru?1 ,i believe y w all[ me to c>ry my ,conjectures a little fur!r1 & po9t out "s f>!r pleas+ ,consequ5ces1 :i* ,i beg9 to p]ceive may naturally foll[4 ,%\ld x be grant$1 t ! ,creation may be circul> or orbicul>1 ,i w\ld next suppose1 9 ! g5]al ,c5t] ( ! :ole an intellig5t ,pr9ciple1 f :5ce proce$s t my/ick & pat]nal ,p[]1 productive ( all ,life1 ,light1 & ! ,inf9ity ( ,?+s4 ,"h ! to-all ext5d+ ,eye ( ,provid5ce1 )9 ! ,sph]e ( its ,activity1 & z omnipres5tly presid+1 seat$ 9 ! ,c5t] ( ,inf9ity1 ,i w\ld imag9e views all ! ,objects ( 8 ,p[] at once1 & e ,?+ imm$iately direct1 disp5s+ in/antane\sly its enliv5+ ,influ5ce1 to ! remote/ ,regions e :]e all r\nd4 ,i "k y'll say ,a/ronom]s are nev] to be satisfi$1 & ,i mu/ own :]e !re is s mu* rational ,ent]ta9m5t = ! human ,m9d1 & s suitable to ! true ,dignity ( ,god1 & mo/ wor?y ( ,man1 x is n easy to "k :]e to /op 9 su* a ,sc5e ( ,wond]s4 ,hav+1 ,i say1 once grant$ t all ! ,/>s may move r\nd "o common ,c5t]1 ,i ?9k x is v natural to "o1 :o loves to pursue ,nature z f> z we may1 to enquire :at mo/ likely may be 9 t ,c5t]2 = s9ce we mu/ all[ x to be f> sup]ior to any o!r ,po9t ( ,situation 9 ! kn[n ,univ]se1 x is highly probable1 !re may be "s "o ,body ( sid]ial or e>?y ,sub/ance seat$ !re1 :]e ! div9e ,pres5ce1 or "s corporeal ,ag5t1 full ( all ,virtues & ,p]fections1 m imm$iately presides ov] 8 own ,creation4 ,& "h ?is prim>y ,ag5t ( ! omnipot5t & et]nal ,be+1 may sit en?ron$1 z 9 ! ,primum ,mobile ( ,nature1 act+ 9 ,conc]t ) ! et]nal ,w4 ,to ?is common ,c5t] ( ,gravitation1 :i* may be suppos$ to attract all ,v]tues1 & repel all ,vice1 all ,be+s z to ,p]fection may t5d2 & f h5ce all ,bodies fir/ d]ive _! ,spr+ ( ,action1 & are direct$ 9 _! v>i\s ,motions4 ,?us 9 ! ,focus1 or ,c5t] ( ,creation1 ,i w\ld will+ly introduce a primitive ,f\nta91 p]petually ov]fl[+ ) div9e ,grace1 f :5ce all ! ,laws ( ,nature h _! ,orig91 & ?is ,i ?9k w\ld r$uce ! :ole ,univ]se into regul> ,ord] & j ,h>mony1 & at ! same "t1 inl>ge our ,ideas ( ! div9e ,indulg5ce1 op5 our ,prospect into ,nature's fair ,v9ey>d1 ! va/ ,field ( all our future ,inh]itance4 ,b :at ?is c5tral ,body really is1 ,i %all n "h presume to say1 yet ,i c't help obs]v+ x mu/ ( ,necessity1 if ! ,creation is real & n m]ely ,ideal1 be ei!r a ,globe ( ,fire sup]ior to ! ,sun1 or o!rwise a va/ t]raque\s or t]re/rial ,sph]e1 surr\nd$ ) an !r l our ,e>?1 b m ref9$1 transp>5t & s]5e4 ,:i* ( ^! is mo/ probable1 ,i %all leave undet]m9$1 & mu/ ackn[l$ge at ! same "t1 my ,notions "h are s imp]fect1 ,i h>dly d>e conjecture4 ',tis true1 ,i h v5tur'd to ?9k x may be "o ( ^!1 & s9ce s glori\s a ,situation c h>dly be suppos$ )\t its prop] ,inhabitants1 'tis mo/ natural to conclude x may be ! latt]4 ,9 ! fir/ ,case1 besides our hav+ no ,idea ( ,be+s exi/+ 9 ,fire1 x w\ld n1 not)/&+ its ,di/ance1 be s easy to acc\nt = its be+ invisible2 & s9ce ! ,lu/re ( ! ,/>s are all innate1 !y c\ld receive no ,b5efit f x1 & consequ5tly su* a ,nature z a sol> ,composition1 mu/ 9 ?is ,place be r5d]'d useless2 b 9 ! latt] ,supposition ( its be+ a d>k ,body1 we h no ,difficulty att5d+ u1 hav+ sev]al ,in/ances ( l ,bodies1 mov+ r\nd an opaque "o4 ,n[ :5 we consid]1 t all ^? radi5t ,globes1 :i* adorn ! ,skies1 ^? bright !rial ,sp>ks ( elem5tal ,fire1 ?ick /rew$ l ,se$s ( ,light all r\nd our ,hemisph]e1 are ea* to u ! ,embrio ( a glori\s ,sun2 h[ awful & /up5di\s mu/ t ,region be1 :]e all _! ,beams unite & make "o inconceivable et]nal ,day8 ,?\gh ! ,deity1 says a le>n$ ,writ] be ess5tially pres5t ?ro' all ! ,imm5sity ( ,space1 !re is "o ,"p ( x 9 :i* he discov]s himself 9 a mo/ transc5d5t & visible ,glory4 ,?is is t ,place :i* is m>k'd out 9 ,scripture1 "u ! diff]5t ,appellations ( ,p>adice2 ! ?ird ,heav52 ! ,?rone ( ,god1 & ! ,habitation ( 8 ,glory4 ,?is cont9ues ! same ,au?or1 is t ,pres5ce ( ,god1 :i* "s ( ! ,div9es call 8 glori\s1 & o!rs 8 maje/ick ,pres5ce4 ,x is "h1 & "h only1 z 9 ! ,c5t] ( 8 inf9ite ,creations1 :]e he resides 9 a s5sible ,magnific5ce1 & 9 ! mid/ ( ^? ,spl5dors1 :i* c ,effect ! ,imag9ation ( 8 ,creatures2 & ?\gh ! mo/ sacr$ & supreme ,div9ity be all[$ z ess5tially pres5t 9 all o!r ,places z well z 9 ?is1 z be+ a ,be+ ^: ,c5t] is e :]e1 & ,circumf]5ce no :]e2 yet x is "h only1 or 9 su* ,s5sorium ( 8 ,unity1 :]e he manife/s 8 corporeal ,ag5cy1 z 9 ! ,foci ( 8 inf9ite ,empire ov] all creat$ ,be+s4 ,x is to ?is maje/ick ,pres5ce ( ,god1 we may apply ^? beautiful ,expressions ( ,scripture1 ,behold ev5 to ! ,moon & x %9e? n2 yea ! ,/>s are n pure 9 8 ,sight4 ,! ,light ( ! ,sun1 & all ! ,glories ( ! ,_w1 on :i* we live1 are b z weak & sickly ,glimm]+s1 or r ,d>kness x self1 9 ,comp>ison ( ^? ,spl5dors1 :i* encompass ?is ,?rone ( ,god4 ,"h ,heav'ns wide ,realms an endless ,sc5e displays1 ,& ,floods ( ,glory ?ro' its ,portals blaze2 ,! ,sun himself lo/ 9 sup]ior ,light1 ,no m r5ews ! ,day1 or drives away ! ,night3 ,! ,moon1 ! ,/>s1 & ,planets disappe>1 ,& ,nature fix't makes "o et]nal ,ye>4 ,"h & "h alone c5t]'d 9 ! ,realms ( inexpressible ,glory1 we ju/ly may imag9e t primog5ial ,globe or ,sph]e ( all ,p]fections1 subject to ! ,extreams ( nei!r ,cold nor ,heat1 ( et]nal ,temp]ance & ,duration4 ,"h we may n irrationally suppose ! ,v]tues ( ! m]itori\s are at la/ rew>d$ & receiv$ into ! full ,possession ( e ,happ9ess1 & to p]fect ,joy4 ,! f9al & immortal ,/ate orda9'd = su* human ,be+s1 z h pass$ ?is ,vortex ( ,probation ?ro' all ! ,degrees ( human ,nature ) ! supream ,applause4 ,:at va/ room is "h1 = inf9ite ,p[] & ,wisdom to act 91 & t s visibly takes ,delight to bless all 8 ,be+s ) 8 ,b\nty4 ,& endless z 8 ,presci5ce1 ,attributes1 & ,goodness1 are und\bt$ly all ^? natural & app>5t ,joys ) :i* he manife/s 8 ,love to all 8 ,creatures1 a ,multiplicity ( ,objects n to be enum]at$4 ,= :]esoev] we turn our ,eyes1 & foll[ ) our ,reason1 we may meet ) ,worlds ( all ,=mations1 suit$ no d\bt to all ,natures1 ,ta/es1 & ,temp]s1 & e ,class ( ,be+s4 ,"h a ,gr\pe ( ,worlds1 all ,vallies1 ,lakes1 & ,riv]s1 adorn'd ) ,m\nta9s1 ,woods1 & ,lawns1 ,cascades & natural ,f\nta9s2 !re ,worlds all f]tile ,isl&s1 cov]'d ) ,woods1 p]haps ^u a common ,sea1 & fill'd ) ,grottoes & romantick ,caves4 ,?is ,way1 ,worlds all ,e>?1 ) va/ ext5sive ,lawns & ,vi/oes1 b\nd$ ) p]petual ,gre5s1 & int]sp]s$ ) ,groves & ,wild]nesses1 full ( all ,v>ieties ( ,fruits & ,fl[]s4 ,t ,_w subsi/+ p]haps by s(t ,ra9s1 ?is by daily ,dews1 & ,vap\rs2 & a ?ird by a c5tral1 subtle ,moi/ure1 aris+ l an ,effluvia1 ?r\gh ! ,pores & ,ve9s ( ! ,e>?1 & exhal+ or absorb+ z ! ,season v>ies to answ] ,nature's ,calls4 ,r\nd "s p]haps1 s d5se an ,atmosph]e1 t ! ,inhabitants may fly f ,place to ,place1 or be drawn ?r\gh ! ,air 9 w+$ ,*>iots1 & ev5 sleep ^u ! ,waves ) ,safety2 r\nd o!rs possibly1 s ?9 a fluid1 t ! ,arts ( ,navigation may be totally unkn[n to x1 & look'd ^u z impracticable & absurd1 z ,*>iot fly+ may be "h ) u2 & "s :]e n improbably1 sup]ior ,be+s to ! human1 may reside1 & ,man may be ( a v inf]ior ,class2 ! second1 ?ird1 or f\r? p]haps1 & sc>ce all['d to be a rational ,creature4 ,worlds1 ) v>i\s ,moons we "k ( already2 ,worlds1 ) ,/>s & ,comets only1 we equally c prove is v probable2 & t !re may be ,worlds ) v>i\s ,suns1 is n impossible4 ,& h5ce x is obvi\s1 t !re may n be a ,sc5e ( ,joy1 :i* ,poetry c pa9t1 or ,religion promise2 b some:]e 9 ! ,univ]se x is prep>$ = ! m]itori\s ,"p ( ,mank9d4 ,?us all ,inf9ity is full ( ,/ates ( ,bliss2 ,angelic ,*oirs1 ,regions ( ,h]oes1 & ,realms ( ,demi-,gods2 ,elysian ,fields1 ,p9d>ic ,%ades1 & ,myriads ( in*ant+ ,mansions1 n to be conceiv$ ei!r by ,philosophy or ,fancy1 assi/$ by ! /ronge/ ,g5ius & w>me/ ,imag9ation4 ,all h>moni\sly cr[d$ & provid$ ) e ,object ( ,beatitude1 t ,fri5d%ip1 ,love1 or ,society c inspire1 ! ,muses or ! ,graces ,frame2 & all z p]man5t & p]fect1 t is de/9'd to a ,duration1 suit$ to ! ,nature ( _! ,exi/5ce & ,degree ( ,cognisance2 = z a v le>n$ ,writ] obs]ves ^u ?is same ,subject3 ,h[ c we tell1 b t !re may be above u ,be+s ( great] ,p[]s1 & m p]fect ,intellects1 & capable ( mighty ,?+s1 :i* yet may h corporeal ,vehicles z we h1 b f9] & invisible8 ,nay1 :o kn[s1 b t !re may be ev5 ( ^! _m ,ord]s1 ris+ 9 ,dignity ( ,nature1 & ,amplitude ( ,p[]1 "o above ano!r8 ,x is no ,way bel[ ! ,philosophy ( ^! ,times1 :i* seems to delight 9 inl>g+ ! ,capacities ( ,matt]1 to ass]t ! ,possibility ( ?is4 ,f ^! amaz+ ,ideas ( ,space 9 g5]al1 & f ! p>ticul> ,di/ance ( ! ,/>s1 :i* sep>ates z x 71 "o ,sy/em ( ,bodies f ano!r1 & by s prodigi\s an ext5t1 z sc>ce to be suppos'd a temporal ,task4 ,i ?9k x naturally foll[s1 _h we no o!r ,way to prove x1 or any o!r ,reason to believe x1 t ! ,s\l mu/ ( ,necessity be immat]ial2 = z ?is ,space seems s impassible to ,matt]1 z n to be und]tak5 & p]=m$ )\t ! ,loss ( ,ages1 9 a ,/ate only ( ,transmigration1 we may well imag9e1 t ,*ange ( ,place is n effect$ ?is ,way1 b by "s o!r ,virtue or ,prop]ty1 m imm$iate1 if n in/antane\s4 ,i own next to ,annihilation is ! ,/ate ( ,oblivion1 & ?is ,way we may solve all ,difficulties ) reg>d to our be+ s5sible ( su* a ,loss ( ,exi/5ce2 b if we all[ ! ,s\l to be immat]ial1 x no long] has any ?+ to d ) ,space1 b z op]at+ by ,reflection only1 or ! ,faculty ( ,?9k+2 x may be l ! ,imag9ation :]e x pleases 9 a ,mom5t4 ,objects ( ! ,m9d ab/ract$ f ! ,s5ses ( ! ,body1 has no real or comp>ative ,magnitude2 t is1 ,i w\ld say1 an ,in*1 a ,foot1 a ,y>d1 a ,mile1 or a ,million ( ,miles are all equally indef9ite1 & is ?us prov'd2 e f9ite ,l9e is =m$ ( an inf9ite ,numb] ( ,po9ts1 & no f9ite ,l9e c be solv'd into m4 ,?us if y w all[ me ! ,expression1 ! ,m9d be+ magnifi$ z all ,objects are dim9i%$1 :at seems impracticable 9 ! natural ,/ate ( ,?+s1 9 an ,ideal "o1 becomes v possible2 t is1 to make myself m intelligible1 ?\gh we c h>dly conceive1 h[ any ,be+ c pass f ,syrius to ! ,sun1 by natural ,laws 9 _! prop] ,/ate1 yet if proportionally r$uc$ by a new ,modification ( ,ideas1 to ! ,bigness ( a ,ball #f ,feet ,diamet]1 & to be only #fhj ,miles asund]2 ! ,?+ is v compreh5sive & easy4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxxi4 ,illu/ration3 ,plate ,,xxxii4 ,h5ce ,vision1 ,light1 & ,electrical ,virtue1 seem to be propagat$ ) su* ,velocity1 t no?+ b ,god c possible be ! ,vehicle2 & h5ce we may ju/ly say ) ,/4 ,paul1 ,acts xvii1 #bh4 ,9 him we live1 9 him we move1 9 him we h our ,be+4 ,x w fur!r appe>1 f ! =ego+ ,lett]s1 t all ! ,/>s & planet>y ,bodies )9 ! f9ite ,view1 are altoge!r b a v m9ute ,"p ( ! :ole rational ,creation2 ,i mean t va/ collective ,body ( habitable ,be+s1 :i* ,i h endeav\r$ to demon/rate1 are all gov]n'd by ! same ,laws1 ?\gh v>i\sly revolv+ r\nd "o common ,c5t]1 9 :i* ,c5t] we may n imp]t95tly v5ture to suppose ! prime ,ag5t ( our ,natures2 or o!rwise1 ! mo/ p]fect ( all creat$ ,be+s1 illimitable 9 8 ,ideas & ,faculties ( ,s5sation p>ticul>ly preside4 ,b ?o' pa/ all diffus'd1 )\t a ,%ore ,8 ,ess5ce2 local is 8 ,?rone1 7z meet7 ,to ga!r ! disp]/1 7z ,/&>ds call ,! li/$ f af>7 to fix a ,po9t2 ,a c5tral ,po9t1 collective ( 8 ,suns1 ,s9ce f9ite ev'ry ,nature1 b 8 own4 ,dr4 ,"y4 ,& f>!r s9ce )\t any ,impiety2 s9ce z ! ,creation is1 s is ! ,creator also magnifi$1 we may conclude 9 ,consequ5ce ( an ,inf9ity1 & an inf9ite all-active ,p[]2 t z ! visible ,creation is suppos$ to be full ( sid]ial ,sy/ems & planet>y ,worlds1 s on1 9 l simil> ,mann]1 ! endless ,imm5sity is an unlimit$ ,pl5um ( ,creations n unlike ! kn[n ,univ]se4 ,see ,plate ,,xxxi4 :i* y may if y please1 call a p>tial ,view ( ,imm5sity1 or )\t mu* ,impropriety p]haps1 a f9ite ,view ( ,inf9ity1 & all ^! toge!r1 probably div]sifi$2 z at ,a1 ,b & ,c4 9 ,plate ,,xxxii4 :i* repres5ts _! ,sections1 if all may be a prop] ,t]m = an inf9ite or indef9ite ,numb]1 we may ju/ly imag9e to be ! ,object ( t incompreh5sible ,be+1 :i* alone & 9 himself compreh5ds & con/itutes supreme ,p]fection4 ,t ?is 9 all ,probability may be ! real ,case1 is 9 "s ,degree made evid5t by ! _m cl\dy ,spots1 j p]ceivable by u1 z f> )\t our />ry ,regions1 9 :i* ?o' visibly lum9\s ,spaces1 no "o ,/> or p>ticul> con/itu5t ,body c possibly be di/+ui%$2 ^? 9 all likelihood may be ext]nal ,creation1 bord]+ ^u ! kn[n "o1 too remote = ev5 our ,telescopes to rea*4 ,) ! raptur'd ,poet may we n ju/ly say ,o1 :at a ,root6 ,o :at a ,bran* is "h6 ,o :at a ,fa!r6 :at a ,family6 ,worlds6 ,sy/ems6 & ,creations6 ,& 9 ,consequ5ce ( ?is ,9 an ,et]nity1 :at ,sc5es %all /rike8 ,adv5tures ?ick58 ,novelties surprize8 ,:at ,webs ( ,wond] %all unravel !re8 ,night ,?\ghts4 ,s _m v>i$ ,seats :]e e ,elem5t may h its prop] ,be+s & all adapt$ to p>take ( e ?+ suit$ to _! ,natures1 argue su* ,maturity ( ,wisdom1 & ! va/ ,production su* my/]i\s ,p[]2 'tis h>dly possible = ,mortals n to see div9e ,intellig5ce preside1 & t e ,be+ some:]e mu/ be happy4 ,a ,univ]se s well design$1 & fill'd ) su* an endless ,/ructure ( mat]ial ,be+s1 & all ! ,result ( ,presci5ce & inf9ite reflect$ ,reason1 fl[+ f a ,m9d all p]fect1 full ( all ,ideas1 c\ld nev] be design$ 9 va92 & ?o' our n>r[ ,b\nds ( ,reason limit$1 by f9ite ,s5ses1 _c directly see ! ,consequ5ce dep5dant on a ,sequel1 yet f :at we d see1 great ,room we h to hope ! next ,/age ( ,exi/5ce w be m la/+ & m p]fect2 & x is highly probable1 ! noble/ ,sugge/ion ( ! mo/ luxuriant ,fancy may fall inf9itely %ort ( :at we are design$ =4 ,b "h1 ev5 9 ?is ,_w1 are ,joys :i* our ,ideas ( ,heav5 c sc>ce exce$1 & if ,imp]fection appe> ?us lovely1 :at mu/ ,p]fection be1 & :at may we n expect & hope =1 by a m]itori\s ,acquiesc5ce 9 ,provid5ce1 "u ! ,direction1 ,indulg5ce1 & ,protection ( inf9ite ,wisdom & ,goodness1 :o manife/ly designs p]fect ,felicity1 z ! ,rew>d ( ,virtue 9 all 8 ,creatures1 & w at prop] ,p]iods answ] all our ,wi%es 9 "s pr$e/9$ ,_w4 ,all ?is ! va/ app>5t ,provision 9 ! />ry ,mansions1 seem to promise3 ,:at ought we !n n to d1 to pres]ve our natural ,bir?right to x & to m]it su* ,inh]itance1 :i* alas we ?9k creat$ all to gratify alone1 a ,race ( va9-glori\s gigantick ,be+s1 :ile !y are conf9$ to ?is ,_w1 *a9$ l s _m ,atoms to a ,gra9 ( ,s&4 ,i am1 c4 99 99 99 99 99 ,transcrib] ,note ,spell+ conv5tions us$ 9 ! book 7 reta9$4 ,on page #e1 !re is an unatta*$ footnote4 ,z x ref]s to ,! ,p5dulum ,clock & ,huyg5s wrote a book ^: title includes ^! words1 ! assumption 0 made t ! footnote belongs aft] 8 "n4 ,on page #cj1 ! miss+ an*or = ! footnote ab\t ,p>allax 0 plac$ be=e ! t]m 9 p>agraph ?ree4 ,! same situation occurs on page #ed :]e a footnote ab\t ,motion _h no an*or & 0 l9k$ to ! t]m 9 ! la/ p>agraph4 ,on page #gb1 !re is a measurem5t #aa ,feet to :i* ,in*es 0 add$4 ,plate ,,xxiii 0 mislabel$ z ,plate ,,xxi4 ,?is 0 correct$4