,transcrib]'s ,note ,italic text display$ z3 italic ,bold text display$ z3 bold ,,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,,an ,,infantry ,,company4 ,,cate*ism ,,on ,,field ,,tra9+ 7,,infantry74 ,a s]ies ( ,que/ions & ,answ]s on all subjects ( field tra9+1 extract$ f ! late/ (ficial ,,tra9+ ,,manuals1 toge!r ) miscellane\s in=mation1 practical ex]cises & examples progressively arrang$4 ,revis$ & br\ght up to date by ,,col4 ,h4 ,o',,donnell1 p4s4c4 7,,we/ ,,york%ire ,,regim5t74 ,,six? ,,edition4 ,,cont5ts4 ,elem5t>y--,g5]al ,pr9ciples ( ,attack & ,def5ce--,miscellane\s ,tactical ,op]ations--,w>f>e 9 uncivilis$ ,c\ntries--,protection on ! ,l9e ( ,m>*--,protection :5 at ,re/--,me?ods ( obta9+ ,in=mation--,qu>t]s1 ,camps1 & ,biv\acs--,field ,eng9e]+--,di>y ( ,tra9+4 ,fully illu/rat$ ) #cj pages ( ,plates & ,diagrams4 ,"o ( ! num]\s ,press ,op9ions4 8,! book is mo/ compreh5sive1 = e bran* ( ! soldi]'s life is t\*$ ^u1 & e situation or em]g5cy seems to be anticipat$4 ,colonel ,o',donnell's publication is q a milit>y encyclopdia40--,empress1 ,calcutta4 ,,price #c_/- ,,net4 ,f ! ,pr9t]s & ,publi%]s1 ,,gale ,,pold5 ,,ltd41 ,,well+ton ,,works1 ,,ald]%ot1 ,& at ,london & ,portsm\?4 ,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,,an ,,infantry ,,company ,by ,major ,e4 ,,kirkpatrick1 ,i4,a4 ----------3,o3---------- #b,,nd ,,edition4 ,london3 ,,gale ,,pold51 ,,ltd41 #b1 ,,am5 ,,corn]1 ,,pat]no/] ,,r[1 ,e4,c4 ,nelson ,h\se1 ,,portsm\? ,well+ton ,works1 ,,ald]%ot4 ,obta9able f all ,booksell]s4 ,,two ,,%ill+s ,,sixp5ce 7,net7 7,copyright "u ,act ( #aiaa47 ,,ald]%ot3 ,,pr9t$ ,,by ,,gale ,,pold51 ,,ltd41 ,,well+ton ,,works4 #aiad ,,preface ,?is booklet has n be5 writt5 = ! use & b5efit ( (fic]s & non-commission$ (fic]s ( long exp]i5ce & prov$ skill 9 ! pr(ession ( tra9+ m5 = battle4 ,to su* z ^! x may only provide an object ( criticism1 = 9 ! c\rse ( ye>s sp5t 9 turn+ recruits into tra9$ soldi]s !y w h =mulat$ to !mselves1 & adopt$1 "s sy/em ( tra9+ :i* !y f\nd productive ( ! be/ results "u _! own guidance4 ,b !re are _m at pres5t1 & at a future "t1 %\ld c]ta9 circum/ances arise 9 ! life ( ! nation1 !re may be v _m m :o may n h su* /ores ( exp]i5ce to draw on1 & yet may be fac$ ) ! problem ( rapidly conv]t+ an untra9$ or only p>tially tra9$ body ( m5 into a =ce capable ( act+ successfully 9 real w>1 bo? 9 attack & def5ce aga9/ tra9$ & discipl9$ troops4 ,aga91 x is writt51 n = (fic]s comm&+ battalions1 nor = (fic]s ( cavalry & artill]y1 b only = (fic]s comm&+ companies or o!r simil> units ( infantry1 ?\gh x may1 p]haps1 be ( use 9 tra9+ m\nt$ troops = dism\nt$ action4 ,meantime1 :ile ! pipes ( peace are /ill smok+1 x is hop$ x may be ( "s use to (fic]s & non-commission$ (fic]s :5 ! "t comes to prep>e s*emes ( company tra9+ & put !m into execution4 ,e4 ,k4 ,septemb]1 #aiac4 ,,preface ,,to ,,second ,,edition4 ,s9ce ! above 0 writt51 ! issue ( new or am5d$ ,manuals ( ,tra9+ has necessitat$ a revision ( ! book1 :i* is n[ pres5t$ 9 a =m agreeable to ! f\r-company organisation4 ,! ,empire is n[ confront$ by ^? circum/ances to :i* allusion 0 made 9 ! ,preface4 ,e4 ,k4 ,septemb]1 #aiad4 ,,cont5ts ,,page ,,li/ ,,( ,,abbreviations ix ,,introductory ,,rem>ks-- ,i4--,! ,int5tion ( ! ,book #a ,,ii4--,mak+ ! ,be/ ( _! ,companies to ,tra9 ! ,mod]n ,man = ! ,mod]n ,battle #d ,,iii4--,! ,/&>d ( ,tra9+ assum$ to h already be5 acquir$ & its application to fur!r ,ex]cises #i ,,iv4--,gr\nd = ,tra9+--,its ,use & ,influ5ce--,palliation ( ! ,lack ( a ,tra9+ ,gr\nd #aa ,v4--,company ,organisation--,moral & ! ,p]sonality ( ! ,comm&] #af ,,vi4--,discipl9e--,moral & ,means ( ,sup]vision #bb ,,vii4--,organisation by ,files & its ,effect on ,moral--,cohesion #bg ,,viii4--,me?od ( ,tra9+ #ca ,,ix4--,z to ,sc\ts & ,work+ ,dress #cg ,,ex]cises ,i4--,individual ,advance 9 ,ext5d$ ,ord] #ch ,,ii4--,retirem5t by ,pairs #dh ,,iii4--,individual ,tra9+ 9 ,use ( ,fire & ,fire ,discipl9e #eb ,,iv4--,! ,assault #fj ,v4--,! ,section & ,platoon 9 ,attack #fd ,,vi4--,! ,section & ,platoon 9 ,retirem5t #gd ,,vii4--,! ,section & ,platoon 9 ,indep5d5t ,attack #gh ,,viii4--,! ,platoon z ,advanc$ & ,flank ,gu>d #hd ,,ix4--,prelim9>y = ! ,attack by ! ,company 9 ,battalion #hi ,x4--,! ,company 9 ,attack ) ! ,battalion "u ,artill]y ,fire #ic ,,xi4--,! ,company 9 ,attack ) ! ,battalion "u ,rifle ,fire #ig ,,xii4--,! ,company 9 ,attack ,act+ ,alone #aje ,,xiii4--,! ,company 9 ,retirem5t #ajg ,,xiv4--,outpo/s #aab ,,xv4--,def5ce #adb ,,xvi4--,ha/y ,exp$i5ts #afc ,,xvii4--,night ,op]ations #aga -------- ,a ,,s*eme ,,( ,,company ,,tra9+ #aha ,,ref]5ces ,,& ,,abbreviations4 ,i4,t41 #abh 7#c7 ,infantry ,tra9+1 #aiad1 ,section #abh1 p>a4 #c4 ,f4,s4,r4 ,field ,s]vice ,regulations1 ,"p ,i4 ,op]ations1 #aiji 7,repr9t #aiab74 ,t4 ,m4,r4 ,tra9+ & ,manuvre ,regulations1 #aiac4 ,m4,f4,e4 ,manual ( ,field ,eng9e]+1 #aiaa4 ,a ,,few ,,press ,,op9ions4 8,,unit$ ,,s]vice ,,magaz9e40 ,major ,e4 ,kirkpatrick is ! au?or ( a small book on 8,! ,tra9+ ( an ,infantry ,company40 ,!re h be5 s _m books & pamphlets ( ?is k9d--%ort cuts to k--t "o is apt to reg>d ea* fre% "o ) suspicion & ev5 ) av]sion1 b ,major ,kirkpatrick has mu* t is helpful to say1 he says x well1 & he %[s h[ mu* good "w may be done ev5 9 ! tra9+ ( ! emasculat$ companies su* z our milit>y sy/em s (t5 leaves u4 ,8 in/ructions cov] a wide field1 & !re mu/ be few company (fic]s :o w n be grateful to ! au?or = _m valuable h9ts4 8,,unit$ ,,s]vice ,,in/itution ,,( ,,india40 ,!re are few junior (fic]s ( infantry :o w n b5efit by a /udy ( ?is book4 ,! ?or\gh sy/em ( tra9+ elaborat$ 9 ! sev5te5 ex]cises1 :i* =m ! major portion ( ! book1 is wor?y ( ! att5tion ( ,regul> z well z ,t]ritorial ,(fic]s4 ,^! elem5t>y ex]cises deal ) ! ess5tials 9 ! w> tra9+ ( ! ,infantry soldi]1 f ! "w ( ! individual 9 advance & retirem5t1 & ( ! section 9 action & on protection duties1 to ! tra9+ ( ! company 9 attack & def5ce1 & outpo/4 ,z an example ( a sy/em ( tra9+ illu/rat+ ! necessity ( att5tion to detail 9 ! e>ly in/ruction ( ! soldi]1 ?is s]ies ( ex]cises is valuable1 & _! value is increas$ by ! con/ant ref]5ce to tra9+ manuals4 ,! au?or wisely recomm5ds ! /udy ( all ! (ficial books ref]r$ to z he recognises t 8 ex]cises & comm5ts are only ( value 9 s f> z !y illu/rate & expla9 ! pr9ciples laid d[n 9 tra9+ manuals4 ,,! ,,tra9+ ,,( ,,an ,,infantry ,,company4 ,,introductory ,,rem>ks4 ,! au?oris$ h&books ( tra9+ rightly conf9e !mselves to broad pr9ciples1 & d n attempt to give detail$ examples ( _! application1 ! idea be+ t (fic]s %\ld /udy ^! regulations & apply ! pr9ciples by ! light ( local conditions & _! own exp]i5ce4 ,infantry ,tra9+ & ! ,field ,s]vice ,regulations are1 h[ev]1 v pregnant little books1 conta9+1 z !y d1 a summ>y ( ! :ole ( ,mod]n ,tactics1 z f> z !y conc]n infantry & ! comb9$ action ( all arms4 ,"t & ?\ght are necess>y1 if ! pr9ciples conta9$ 9 !m are to be translat$ into su* intellig5t action t ! m5 tra9$ on ! l9es laid d[n may be capable ( do+ _! duty 9 real w>f>e1 )\t fir/ und]go+ a bitt] & co/ly s*ool+ ( useless casualties or1 p]haps1 ev5 ( defeat4 ,b if an (fic] is call$ on to a*ieve ?is result1 be+ himself )\t mu* previ\s exp]i5ce 9 tra9+1 he w f9d himself fac$ ) a task ( great difficulty1 &1 ) ! be/ int5tions1 he may wa/e preci\s "t1 z well z 8 own & 8 m5's pati5ce & en]gy1 9 do+ p>ades & ex]cises1 :i* are ei!r n indisp5sable1 or ( m9or importance = ! ma9 object4 ,z an extreme example1 x w\ld be bett]1 9 a ha/ily rais$ corps1 to comb9e ! discipl9>y tra9+ ( ob$i5ce to ! ^w ( comm&1 ) in/ruction 9 ! use ( _! arms1 by practice 9 sm>t "w 9 aim+ & fir+1 ?an m]ely to /udy precision 9 8slop+0 & 8pres5t+ arms10 :i* look well1 b d n imm$iately affect fight+ effici5cy4 ,= ^! reasons1 x has occurr$ to me t ,i might d "s ( my bro!r (fic]s 9 esse or 9 posse a s]vice by sett+ out c]ta9 elem5t>y ex]cises 9 tra9+ infantry soldi]s1 :i* ,i h f\nd ( value 9 br++ !m up to a /&>d ( battle tra9+ suffici5tly high to ne$ only battalion tra9+ & a baptism ( fire to turn !m into /eady & reliable troops4 ,x is n cont5d$ t ^! few examples are any?+ b concrete in/ances ( ! application ( ! pr9ciples ( ! ,tra9+ ,manuals4 ,!y are int5d$1 z has be5 /at$1 m]ely = ^? :o are %ort ( "t & exp]i5ce1 &1 !re=e1 ref]5ces to ! manuals are giv5 :5 ! ex]cise illu/rates "s p>ticul> section ( ^? works1 & x is recomm5d$ t (fic]s :o int5d to use ^! examples %\ld look up & read ! sections ref]r$ to be=e go+ on to ! p>ade4 ,?\gh ?is book is n meant = (fic]s comm&+ battalions1 ,i h "o ^w to say to !m1 & x is ?is1 t if !y wi% to h an effici5t battalion !y mu/ let ! company (fic]s h prop] opportunities ( tra9+ _! companies1 ap>t f ! "t ( company tra9+1 :5 ! :ole company is /ruck (f duty4 ,if !re are six p>ades a week1 let ?ree or f\r ( !m be company p>ades1 ord]$ & c>ri$ out by ! company comm&]s2 ! balance w be q en\gh to secure comb9ation betwe5 ! companies 9 battalion4 ,on company p>ades1 ! battalion comm&] %\ld sup]vise1 b nev] int]f]e1 unless ?+s are be+ manife/ly mismanag$4 7,see ,t4 ,m4,r41 #b 7#b & #c774 ,! days ( ! "o man battalion are gone = ev]4 ,! company is ! ?+ t matt]s2 a good battalion c only be compos$ ( well-tra9$ companies4 ,x is ! "w ( ! battalion comm&] to prop\nd ! g5]al l9es ( tra9+ & to use ! companies to ! be/ advantage 9 comb9ation1 b ! tra9+ ( ! individual soldi] mu/ be 9 ! h&s ( ! man :o is to lead him 9 w>4 ,,ii4 ,on ord9>y p>ades1 ! capta9 ( an infantry company is seldom able to get toge!r m ?an a fraction ( 8 m54 ,! calls on ! company = m5 = duties & odd jobs1 leave & furl\gh1 &1 9 ! ,t]ritorial ,=ce1 ! private occupations ( ! m51 all[ ( only a few be+ assembl$ on any "o p>ade4 ,?is be+ s1 !re is a temptation--sometimes yield$ to by (fic]s :o h n mu* exp]i5ce1 to say to !mselves3 8,?is is rot2 :at c ,i d )\t any m580 ,su* a "q is ! result ( confus+ ! individual in/ruction ( ! m5 ) ! tactical practice ( ! lead] 9 h&l+ 8 company z a :ole4 ,! answ] too (t5 takes ! =m ( an h\r's close ord] drill or some?+ simil>1 :i* may d "s good1 b n ne>ly z mu* z if ! (fic] /\tly made up 8 m9d to make ! be/ ( a bad job & took out ^? few m5 & did "s practical tra9+ 9 field op]ations4 ,! few] m5 !re are on p>ade1 ! m individual att5tion w ! company comm&] be able to give !m4 ,he w be able to look at ea* man's "w m c>efully1 talk to ! m5 & get to "k _! *>act]s z soldi]s1 spot :o are likely to make good non-commission$ (fic]s1 & coa* !m f> m ?an if ! :ole company 7 on h& at once4 ,s d n turn up y\r nose at a company only tw5ty /rong1 b make up a s*eme ( ex]cises to be gone ?r\gh1 &1 s9ce ! m5 :o are n on p>ade to-day w be s to-morr[1 arrange to d ! same ex]cise on two1 or1 if ne$$1 ?ree1 consecutive days1 s z to cat* all1 or1 at lea/1 mo/ ( ! m51 & y\r non-commission$ (fic]s1 :o are n usually s drawn on = (f-p>ade duties1 w become well acqua9t$ ) ea* ex]cise1 le>n :at to d & h[ to run ?+s1 & s become bo? a help to y z in/ructors1 & !mselves ga9 au?ority & p[] ( comm& f ! k ( _! own compet5cy4 ,x is q likely t ^! ex]cises & ! explanations giv51 may seem to "s read]s to be absurdly simple & ne$lessly long-w9d$1 :ile !re is also a good deal ( repetition4 ,to ?is ,i w make e>ly reply t !y are writt5 = (fic]s :o are n too pr\d to accept o!r p's advice 9 tra9+ a company ( "y soldi]s ( ! /amp :i* w\ld be =?com+ if "s cause#a or o!r tempt$ or con/ra9$ into milit>y s]vice t great proportion ( our male population :o are at pres5t q ignorant ( a soldi]'s "w1 & :o1 f apa?y1 or a hundr$ o!r causes1 d n jo9 ! ,t]ritorial ,=ce4 ,su* m5 probably h nev] 9 _! lives giv5 a ?\ght to soldi]+4 ,! majority ( !m are t[n born & br$1 & h pass$ mo/ ( _! lives among bricks & mort>4 ,if !y h ev] look$ c>efully at ! l>ge or small features ( a bit ( c\ntry1 x has be5 f an indu/rial1 sport+1 or1 p]haps1 s5tim5tal1 b nev] f a tactical1 po9t ( view4 ,!y h ev]y?+ to le>n 9 mak+ use ( gr\nd = fight+4 ,_! ideas ( us+ mod]n arms are equally crude2 ! primitive fight+ in/9ct w be upp]mo/ 9 _! m9ds1 & w\ld express itself 9 an incont95t desire to get to close qu>t]s ) _! enemy1 :5 bayonet1 butt or h& grips w\ld seem ! prop] way to settle ! matt]4 ,a v laudable desire x is--?is ( want+ to close 9--& "o to be enc\rag$ by e means1 b h[ev] brave troops may be1 !y _c 9 g5]al indulge _! desire to atta9 close qu>t]s & ! result+ facilities ( fight+ by ! light ( _! natural in/9cts unless !y h fir/ be5 successful 9 ! fire fight--! /rife ( ! arms ( artifice--:i* is wag$ by bullet & %ell at di/ances :i* ,nature nev] contemplat$4 ,x is ! artificiality ( ! fire fight :i* makes ! task ( turn+ t[n-br$ m5 into skilful soldi]s su* a difficult & l5g?y process4 ,!y mu/ be l$ to look at gr\nd 9 relation to its capabilities ( increas+ ! effectiv5ess ( _! own fire & also ( dim9i%+ ! result ( t ( ! enemy1 i4e41 !y mu/ le>n to select good fire positions & good cov]4 ,! problem ( f9d+ ! latt] = himself aga9/ a civiliz$ foe beg9s1 = ! individual soldi]1 z soon z ! enemy's rifle fire becomes effective & compels ! use by 8 side ( ext5d$ ord]2 ?is is held to be on op5 gr\nd ab\t f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy's infantry 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#d774 ,prior to ?is ! responsibility = cov] re/s ) 8 lead]s1 z he w !n be 9 "s close =mation4 ,fire positions he mu/ *oose = himself z soon z 8 section comm&] ceases to be able to indicate 8 wi%es1 or to secure comb9$ action by ! :ole unit4 ,?is w probably happ5 at ab\t six hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy1 :5 individual fire is expect$ to replace controll$ fire by sections4 ,^! two aspects ( fight+--! use ( gr\nd1 & ! use ( ! rifle z a f>-rea*+ weapon ( almo/ absolute precision1 if truly sight$ & aim$--are =eign to our in/9cts1 & ! av]age man has to be tra9$ till he is able to ov]ride 8 in/9ct & fight an artificial w>1 s z to "w 8 way to *>g+ di/ance4 ,"s m5 ne$ less tra9+ ?an o!rs2 a /alk] 9 a de] =e/ is an adept 9 ! use ( cov]1 & 9 g5]al1 c\ntry-br$ m5 %\ld be easi] to tra9 ?an t[n-br$1 b ! majority ( our m5 be+ ! latt]1 we mu/ lay ourselves out to tea* !m f ! beg9n+ ?is bus9ess ( ! fire fight1 s9ce success 9 ?is is usually necess>y be=e ! assault c succe$ 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#g774 ,?is c only be done by tra9+ !m 9 ext5d$ ord] & putt+ !m ?r\gh v>i\s ex]cises *os5 = ! purpose4 ,any ex]cise :i* does n 9 "s way t5d to fit m5 = battle is m]e wa/e ( "t2 aimless p]ambulations ( an ext5d$ l9e fall "u ?is category1 b are q (t5 to be se5 on p>ade gr\nds4 ,no am\nt ( sm>tness 9 close ord] drill w comp5sate = a defici5cy ( field tra9+4 ,,iii4 ,! ex]cises :i* ,i h drawn up1 simple ?\gh !y are1 are ( ! nature ( 8,in/ructional ,op]ations10 z def9$ by ,t4 ,m4,r41 #dj 7#ab71 & x is presuppos$ t ! m5 h receiv$1 or are 9 c\rse ( receiv+1 suffici5t in/ruction 9 ! use ( ! rifle 7musketry 9 all its bran*es71 & ( ! bayonet 7bayonet fight+71 9 drill 9 close ord]1 & ! drill gr\nd+ ( ext5d$ ord] "w1 includ+ signals 7,i4,t41 #ij-if74 ,we are !n to consid] ourselves to be at ! /age 9 :i* ! soldi] is to be taught to "w ov] brok5 c\ntry z direct$ 9 ! latt] "p ( p>a4 #ij1 above quot$4 ,b d n ?9k ! lessons le>n$ at musketry in/ruction are to be =gott5 & left beh9d by ! m5 :5 !y beg9 to "w 9 ext5d$ ord] across c\ntry4 ,dem& f y\r m5 t ! rifle %all be deadly1 &1 by unceas+ sup]vision1 bre$ a habit among !m ( aim+ & fir+ 9 ext5d$ ord]1 :e!r ) or )\t blank c>tridge1 ) ! same exactitude z :5 fir+ _! c\rse ( musketry on ! range4 ,take ! high /&>d--a hundr$ m5's lives 9 "o man's b&oli]1 in/ead ( a hundr$ b&oli]s = "o man's life4 ,! high] /&>d ( ! two is at lea/ possible1 ?\gh n common1 b :y n try & "w t[>ds x1 s t :5 bullets are fly+ )9 decisive range ( ! enemy1 x w be y\r m5's fire1 t is ! deadly close-hitt+ k9d1 t makes afraid1 & n ! haphaz>d jet ( bullets ^: inefficacy lets unhurt famili>ity bre$ tol]ant contempt8 ,9 ! same way1 :5 m5 are 9 close ord] at any "t dur+ a field p>ade1 keep up ! same sm>tness1 & quick ob$i5ce to ord]s :i* are exact$ 9 close ord] drills1 9 ord] t ! m5 may become truly discipl9$1 & n m]ely s 9 appe>ance1 s :5 !y come "u fire )\t be+ ext5d$1 z may happ5 9 ! e>ly & di/ant /ages ( a fight1 !y w1 z a matt] ( c\rse1 submit !mselves to _! comm&]'s wi%es1 & ignore _! own incl9ations1 :i*1 j at ! fir/ exp]i5ce1 ev5 ) v brave m51 might be = an imm$iate & indep5d5t ru% 9 "s direction--p]haps =w>d1 p]haps 9 ano!r direction--!y w be 89 h&10 & free ( ! liability ( raw troops to suff] f sudd5 panic or to become a mob1 full ( fight1 p]haps1 b /ill a mob1 & z su*1 a =ce :i* _c be controll$ or us$ 9 fur!rance ( any g5]al plan4 ,,iv4 ,! want ( a suitable & accessible bit ( gr\nd on :i* to tra9 our m5 is "o ( ! *ief difficulties we h to meet 9 ! ,unit$ ,k+dom1 &1 ( c\rse1 x is greate/ 9 ! case ( t[n corps1 v>y+ ) ! size ( t[ns1 :ile 9 l>ge cities gr\nd is n to be _h at all1 save at a di/ance ( sev]al miles f ! m5's dwell+ places4 ,un=tunately1 !re is little d\bt t ! possession or lack ( suitable tra9+ gr\nds has a great effect on ! read9ess1 or o!rwise1 ( troops to give a good acc\nt ( !mselves :5 !y come "u fire = ! fir/ "t 9 _! lives4 ,! lack ( x takes away reality f ! "w ( ! m5 9 ! ranks & cramps ! initiative ( _! (fic]s1 :o are giv5 no opportunity to ex]cise _! wits 9 figur+ out practical situations :i* might occur on s]vice4 ,i c give no recipe = obta9+ ! use ( gr\nd1 b f :at ,i h j said ,i hope x is cle> t ! (fic] comm&+ a battalion or company %\ld use e bl&i%m5t or art ( :i* he is capable to get ! use ( a /ret* ( gr\nd1 & also1 if x is at a di/ance1 & ! att5dance ( ! m5 at p>ades volunt>y1 he %\ld try to provide facilities = gett+ !m to & f ! gr\nd4 ,! wor/ bit ( c\ntry is bett] ?an ! b>rack squ>e4 ,! ideal gr\nd is t :i* gives conditions suit$ to ea* phase ( ! tra9+1 ! pr9cipal requirem5ts be+ fire positions & cov]1 & ^! %\ld occur s z to provide illu/rations ( ! use to be made ( !m 9 individual tra9+1 & 9 ! collective tra9+ ( sections1 platoons1 & ! l>g] units4 ,?us1 = tra9+ individual m51 good gr\nd w\ld be t ) an irregul> surface1 giv+ _m places tw5ty to fifty y>ds ap>t1 :i* ea* man c\ld use 9 fir+ & tak+ cov]4 ,! usual seaside golf c\rse ( hummocks1 furze bu%es1 & occasional wat]c\rses1 is good to tea* individual m5 ov]--,i say tea*1 = we mu/ n imag9e t an enemy w be s k9d z to leave easy gr\nd l t 9 8 front1 if he c help x4 ,= section or platoon tra9+1 ! surface %\ld be simil>1 s t ! individuals %\ld /ill be call$ on to look out = _! own halt+ places1 b1 9 addition1 !re %\ld be a c]ta9 numb] ( small features1 hillocks1 banks1 & s on1 "o to f\r hundr$ y>ds ap>t1 :i* w s]ve z fire positions & cov] = ! :ole unit1 & provide ! comm&]s ) successive objectives1 to :i* x w be _! duty to br+ _! m5 9 good ord]1 & )\t ne$less exposure to ! enemy's fire4 ,:5 ! company is tra9+ toge!r1 ! gr\nd %\ld be simil>1 b ( great] ext5t1 bo? broad] & l>g]1 s t sections & platoons may be practis$ 9 support+ ea* o!r1 "s be+ halt$ 9 ^! fire positions1 & cov]+ by _! fire ! movem5ts ( ! o!rs :o are 9 process ( ga9+ fre% vantage po9ts4 ,& s on = l>g] units & ! comb9$ action ( all arms2 good gr\nd = e>ly in/ruction is t ^: features1 f _! nature & di/ance f ea* o!r1 l5d !mselves to illu/rate conditions "u :i* ! p[] ( ea* unit & arm may be mo/ pr(itably employ$ 9 conjunction ) o!rs4 ,troops tra9$ ov] gr\nd t gives ! above advantages w acquire an eye = c\ntry4 ,a k ( ! uses to be made ( gr\nd w be common to all ranks1 s t :5 !y f9d !mselves fight+ on bad gr\nd1 :i* does n give mu* cov] or good fire positions1 !y w be ! m apt to se>* = su* cov] & fire positions z are obta9able1 :ile troops tra9$ on flat & op5 gr\nd w\ld be mu* sl[] 9 mak+ ! be/ ( a bad job4 ,we are n conc]n$ ) any?+ m ?an a company2 !re=e1 get = y\r own use1 if y c manage x--fail+ help f high] p[]s--a bit ( gr\nd ( "s sort1 golf c\rse1 common1 city p>k1 or :at n4 ,x ne$ n be v ext5sive4 ,ev5 if x gives only ?ree or f\r positions suitable = occupation by a section work+ 9 conjunction ) ano!r1 say1 six hundr$ by ?ree hundr$ y>ds1 x w give room = useful in/ruction2 b1 ( c\rse1 a l>g] ext5t is pref]able1 z giv+ room = m ext5d$ & v>i$ ex]cises4 ,if y\r tra9+ gr\nd is ( limit$ ext5t1 x %\ld1 nev]!less1 if possible1 h a wide field ( view on all sides beyond its own conf9es1 & leave y ! "r to s5d a few m5 to take positions on ! adjo9+ c\ntry1 ev5 if n all[$ to manuvre ab\t x1 s t :5 c>ry+ out y\r ex]cises y may be able to use m5 ) blank c>tridge to act z a skeleton enemy1 :5 su* is ne$$4 ,b if y are n all[$ to s5d m5 on to ! neighb\r+ gr\nd1 ! wide field ( view w /ill enable y to indicate c]ta9 di/ant positions z suppos$ to be held by ! enemy4 ,by ?is means y w be able to use ! :ole area ( y\r p]missible gr\nd to repres5t a bit ( ! battlefield1 & escape hav+ to place ! suppos$ enemy absurdly close to y\r manuvr+ troops1 e4g41 at ! edge ( ! tra9+ gr\nd1 or 9 "s o!r position :i* makes heavy calls on ! imag9ation4 ,briti%]s are n imag9ative4 ,la/ly1 if all else fails1 & y h n[h]e to g except ! flat p>ade gr\nd1 or ev5 ! drill hall1 :i* 9 l>ge t[ns is (t5 v spaci\s1 d n1 ,i beg y1 become disc\rag$ & ?r[ up all ef=t to get y\r m5 ready = field "w4 ,d ! ex]cises on ! flat1 limit+ ! ext5t ( movem5ts1 if !re is little room1 & use flags or any?+ else to repres5t fire positions = sections & platoons1 & let ! m5 kneel or lie d[n betwe5 advances1 if !re is no cov]4 ,a great deal may be done 9 ?is way to lay a good f\ndation = ext5d$ ord] "w4 ,y\r m5 w "k ! me*anism ( x1 & y w save mu* "t :5 y d manage to h !m out on a prop] tra9+ gr\nd4 ,i4,t41 #ajg 7#b71 requires company comm&]s1 9 prep>+ _! s*emes ( tra9+1 to h reg>d to ! gr\nd at _! disposal2 d s1 !re=e1 ev5 if ! gr\nd a=esaid is only a p>ade gr\nd1 & make ! mo/ ( x2 x is bett] ?an sitt+ /ill & ei!r do+ no?+1 or only a we>y r\nd ( company drill 9 close ord]4 ,( c\rse1 y mu/ let ! m5 "k :at y are driv+ at1 or !y w get bor$ & lose int]e/4 ,v4 ,hav+ got a company ( m5 & gr\nd to tra9 !m on1 ! fir/ /ep is to organise t company = its battle tra9+4 ,a company is organis$ into f\r platoons1 ea* "u a subalt]n1 ) a s]geant z 8 second-9-comm& 7platoon s]geant74 ,ea* platoon has f\r sections1 & ! sixte5 sections ( ! company are numb]$ "o to sixte54 ,! m5 ( ea* ( ! above units rema9 p]man5tly 9 t unit4 ,if possible1 ma9ta9 ?is organisation on duties & fatigues1 ?\gh ?is is (t5 a c\nsel ( p]fection1 b qu>t] ! m5 toge!r1 & insi/ on ! ma9t5ance ( ! organisation1 )\t deviation1 on p>ades4 ,h li/s made up ( ! m5 ( ea* platoon & section1 & let m5 :o s wi%1 belong to ! same unit4 ,once ^! li/s are made up1 see to x by means ( ! section comm&]s t ^! m5 fall 9 on p>ade toge!r 9 ! place 9 ! company :]e _! section is /&+1 no matt] h[ few !re are2 if !re are b two m5 ( "o section on p>ade1 !y %\ld fall 9 z front & re> rank m5 ( "o file4 ,avoid dissem9at+ ! m5 ( a platoon or section among o!r units 9 ord] to raise ! latt] to a sizeable /r5g?4 ,in/ead ( ?is3 suppos+ y h ?ree weak platoons & "o /rong "o on p>ade2 ( ! f\r sections ( "o ( ! weak platoons1 s5d two to ea* ( ! o!r two weak platoons4 ,?is w give y ?ree platoons (1 p]haps1 unequal /r5g?1 b suffici5t = "w--& ?is )\t tak+ ! responsibility ( section comm&]s (f _! %\ld]s1 & ! cohesion ( ea* unit is pres]v$4 ,"s fur!r sugge/ions on ! subject ( organisation w be put =w>d :5 speak+ ( moral4 ,! (fic] :o aspires to develop :atev] capabilities 8 m5 possess ( becom+ individually & collectively =midable 9 battle1 mu/ pay att5tion to mu* m ?an m]e physical consid]ations4 ,napoleon's dictum1 t ! moral is to ! physical z ?ree to "o is e>ly d9n$ into ! e>s ( ! (fic] ( ,regul>s1 b may /& repetition 9 pages meant = ! p]usal ( o!rs4 ,no (fic] c expect to get ! mo/ out ( 8 m5 unless he directs 8 att5tion to ! /udy ( ! psy*ical side ( ! tra9+4 ,!re are two fields 9 :i* ! /udy mu/ be pursu$4 ,"o is ! (fic]'s own p]sonality1 ! o!r t ( 8 non-commission$ (fic]s & m54 ,t4 ,m4,r41 #h1 deals ) ! =m]1 & %\ld be read & pond]$ ov]4 ,9 battle good m5 h sometimes a*iev$ victory 9 spite ( ! %ortcom+s ( _! (fic]s1 b good (fic]s1 z well z m51 are necess>y = consi/5t success 9 ! s]ies ( battles :i* make a campaign4 ,n[1 good (fic]s1 giv5 "t = tra9+1 w infallibly produce good m51 provid$ ! latt] are ( ! av]age physique & c\rage4 ,!re=e1 /udy ?yself1 & try to see :at y lack1 9 ord] to become a good (fic]4 ,cultivate y\r skill 9 h&l+ y\r m5 by read+ any books y c get2 !re are1 un=tunately1 n v _m t deal ) ! "w ( su* small units z companies or ev5 s+le battalions4 ,g out into ! c\ntry1 or1 if y h n "t1 recall to y\rself "s bit ( c\ntry y "k1 & import an enemy into ! l&scape4 ,p]haps a few riflem5 are hold+ gr\nd on ! flank ( a road along :i* y\r battalion wants to m>*1 b _c1 )\t undue loss1 until ^! riflem5 are driv5 (f2 & y\r comm&+ (fic] tells y to d ! driv+4 ,9 imag9ation1 or on ! gr\nd1 decide :at position y w\ld hold1 if y 7 ! enemy1 9 ord] to make y\rself z na/y z possible--?\gh hav+ no hope ( be+ re9=c$--to ! battalion try+ to come along ! road4 ,!n settle 9 y\r m9d :at y1 z comm&+ y\r company1 w\ld d to get rid ( ! annoyance4 ,be q cle>1 :at w\ld y d8 ,g at !m bald-head$8 ,!re are times & enemies :5 ?is is ! be/ way2 y w\ld h to be fairly close1 & ! enemy n %oot+ v /raight1 & r c>eful ( 8 sk92 or w y m>* a long way r\nd till ! enemy sees y are gett+ beh9d him1 & s manuvre him out8 ,!n y\r battalion w be a long "t wait+4 ,or w y look at ! gr\nd & f9d1 let u suppose1 a spot to :i* y w s5d a section or platoon to op5 a fire on ! enemy1 :ile ano!r works its way to a po9t y h not$ f :i* fire c be br\ght to sweep crossways a little knoll1 or "s su* supposititi\s feature :i* seems to =m ! enemy's left flank1 & to be occupi$ by t5 or twelve m51 & :i* gives comm& ov] ! re/ ( 8 position8 ,!n1 :ile ! second lot is on its way1 y plan to lead ! rema9d] a little way r\nd1 "u cov]1 9 ord] to get to fairly close range ( ! knoll1 s t :5 ! second p>ty op5s fire on x1 & its def5d]s are hamp]$ bo? by ?is fire & by t ( ^? y fir/ po/$1 y may surprise !m by an outbur/ ( fire f y\r res]ve1 & ei!r drive !m (f _! p]* by cross-fire f ?ree directions1 or1 if !y d n %ift1 run 9 at !m ) ! bayonet1 tru/+ to get across ! int]v5+ space at ! co/ ( a few casualties1 :5 y\r sup]ior numb]s at t po9t %\ld ensure y\r success ev5 if !y actually await ! bayonet4 ,le>n to consid] quickly h[ _m ways !re are ( do+ su* a job z ! above1 & to decide quickly & rationally :i* is ! be/4 ,^! s*emes1 involv+ only a company or two1 w n be pres5t$ = y\r solution by y\r battalion comm&]2 y mu/ set !m y\rself1 & _! solution1 & ! ?9k+ necess>y !reto are ! be/ me?ods an (fic] c get ( tra9+ himself )\t hav+ 8 m5 on ! gr\nd4 ,9 y\r m9d's eye1 put y\r company into e situation y c ?9k (1 & get x out aga91 & y w h acquir$ an enorm\s res]ve ( capacity = act+ quickly & rightly :5 y\r m5 & y\r enemy are bo? on ! gr\nd4 ,b bew>e ( deal+ 9 too %ort di/ances1 or y may produce unreal pictures ( w>4 ,d n imag9e manuvres at f\r hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy :5 e man expos$ w\ld be hit 9 a few m9utes4 ,! cle>ness & decision ( ?\ght y acquire w be reflect$ 9 ! ord]s y give4 ,y\r m5 w give y _! confid5ce :5 !y see1 z !y are quick to d1 t y "k y\r job4 ,!re is no?+ m di%e>t5+ = a subord9ate1 be he private or colonel1 ?an to feel he is "u control ( a duff]1 ^: mi/akes he w h to correct4 ,?is feel+ saps discipl9e1 & quickly de/roys ! fight+ value ( a body ( m54 ,9 peace tra9+1 ! m5 become sulky at be+ 8bo!r$ ab\t10 lose int]e/ 9 _! "w1 & wi% !mselves done ) p>ade4 ,9 w>1 _! p]sonal *>act]s usurp ! control ( _! actions1 & !y become a mob 9 uni=m4 99 99 99 99 99 ,b 9 addition to possess+ ! confid5ce ( ! m5 9 y\r tactical ability1 y %\ld seek all o!r means to increase y\r influ5ce ov] !m4 ,ga9 _! respect 9 o!r ways1 by hone/y ( purpose1 by example1 tact1 devotion to duty1 & s on4 ,ga9 _! goodwill by wat*+ ov] _! individual & collective int]e/s1 ?\gh 9 ?is y mu/ play to ! gall]y suffici5tly to let !m id5tify y z ! s\rce ( b5efits receiv$4 ,keep an ev5 temp]1 & d n %[ ang] )\t good cause4 ,p]sonal atta*m5t to _! (fic] %[s itself mo/ :5 m5's p[]s are tax$ by h>d%ip1 fatigue1 & dang]2 x is !n a great auxili>y 9 ma9ta9+ discipl9e among ! mass4 ,,vi4 ,z reg>ds ! moral ( ! m51 ,i4,t41 #a 7#d to #aj7 mu/ be ref]r$ to4 ,y mu/ introduce discipl9e--! habit ( subord9at+ p]sonal incl9ation to ! ord]s ( ! sup]ior promptly & )\t cavil4 ,if y\r m5 are raw1 y h to g sl[ j at fir/ till !y all "k :at is expect$ ( !m4 ,let !m und]/& t ord]s are n giv5 haphaz>d1 b are inv>iably bas$ on "s good reason1 :i*1 be+ s1 !re is no ne$ = reasons to be always /at$1 nor = recipi5ts ( ord]s to feel unhappy = want ( !m4 ,if y c induce a feel+ among ! m5 t slackness on p>ade1 sl[ness 9 obey+ ord]s1 & s on1 are bad =m1 & t5d to disgrace ! company1 y w d well1 & ?is good _s w enable y to en=ce discipl9e )\t hav+ rec\rse to puni%m5t1 if y are ve/$ ) ! p[] ( inflict+ x4 ,i h already said t :5 9 close ord] dur+ tactical ex]cises1 y %\ld ma9ta9 discipl9e 9 ! ranks4 ,i n[ g fur!r & say t y %\ld ma9ta9 x :5 ! m5 are ext5d$ or deta*$ f ! company s+ly or 9 small gr\ps4 ,evid5tly ! discipl9e "h ne$$ is some?+ m ?an m]e me*anical ob$i5ce4 ,:at x is1 is to be f\nd 9 ,t4 ,m4,r41 #ci 7#d71 & ,f4,s4,r4 #ab 7#ac71 & ,i4,t41 #aaf & #aag4 ,make ! m5 und]/& t :5 !y are ext5d$ !y mu/ obey _! unit comm&]'s ord]s & signals z to fire & movem5t at once1 & )\t hesitation1 & mu/ be always on ! look-out = !m4 ,all[ no talk+1 except :at relates to ! bus9ess 9 h&1 su* z pass+ ( ord]s or in=mation1 results ( fire1 & s on4 ,hold ! m5 responsible t if !y are out ( rea* ( ! control ( _! lead]1 x is _! duty to c>ry out ! _s ( ! ord]s "u :i* !y set out4 ,to br+ _! responsibility home to !m1 y mu/ make a po9t ( call+ m5 occasionally to give an acc\nt ( :at !y did :5 deta*$1 & :y !y did x1 s t !y may pause = a mom5t if !y are ( ! sort t take advantage ( opportunity to sit beh9d a h$ge & smoke a cig>ette :5 !y ought to be up & do+4 ,"h y w naturally say t ?is is all v well1 b h[ is "o to look aft] m5 scatt]$ "h & !re ov] sev]al hundr$ y>ds ( r\gh c\ntry8 ,"h come 9 ! non-commission$ (fic]s1 ( :om1 s f>1 no m5tion has be5 made1 & also y\r subalt]n (fic]s4 ,s9ce success 9 battle w dep5d l>gely on ! effici5cy ( fire unit comm&]s1 & ! normal fire unit is ! section 7,i4,t41 #f 7#d771 x is evid5t t ! section comm&] is a v responsible p]son1 & mu* mu/ be expect$ f him4 ,y\r subalt]ns & platoon s]geants y mu/ use z y\r delegates 9 sup]vis+ & lead+ ! platoons to :i* !y belong1 except :5 !y are ne$$ to act specifically z platoon comm&]s1 keep+ !mselves con/antly on ! move among ! m51 look+ at ! details ( ! "w1 sight+ ( rifles1 aim+1 use ( cov]1 *oice ( l9es ( movem5t1 n ly+ d[n !mselves nor p>ticipat+ 9 ! op]ation z combatants4 ,:5 y wi% to give !m practice 9 sett+ ex]cises !mselves1 turn ! :ole company ov] to "o ( !m & act y\rself z critic1 or act z subalt]n "u 8 ord]s4 ,?is is "o means ( sup]vision4 ,! next is y\r non-commission$ (fic]s4 ,!y are 9 direct comm&1 & y mu/ hold !m responsible = _! sections1 b :5 _! units are act+ 9 conjunction ) o!rs1 x is evid5t !y _c act bo? z comm&]s & in/ructors unless c]ta9 concessions are made1 = if ! non-commission$ (fic]s z well z ! m5 ( a section 7 to act z !y w\ld h to d "u real fire1 ea* non-commission$ (fic] might be able only to sup]vise a man or two on 8 "r & left1 ! re/ be+ too f> (f4 ,!re=e1 at ! beg9n+ ( an ex]cise1 y %\ld tell ! non-commission$ (fic]s :e!r1 9 addition to giv+ executive comm&s1 !y are to be at lib]ty to move ab\t freely & act z in/ructors also4 ,ne$less to say1 9 in/ructional ex]cises1 & until ! m5 are q season$1 y %\ld let !m d ?is1 b1 on ! o!r h&1 9 ex]cises meant to illu/rate actual conflict & ! limitations impos$ by ! pres5ce ( an enemy1 !y %\ld pay att5tion to ^? limitations s t !y1 z well z ! m51 may be prep>$ to endure ! disabilities impos$ by ,s]vice conditions4 ,next comes y\rself4 ,once y h giv5 y\r subord9ates y\r ord]s = any ex]cise1 leave !m to c>ry x ?r\gh1 & make y\rself z ubiquit\s z may be 9 sup]vision4 ,keep criticism = ! end1 & int]f]5ce only = ! prev5tion ( absurdities4 ,to make y\rself ubiquit\s1 ! be/ way is to use y\r horse1 & make ! noble animal d ! runn+ ab\t ) y on 8 back4 ,y c !n get ?r\gh ab\t six times :at y c on y\r own feet1 by cant]+ f "o section to ano!r1 & y get a bett] view ( ! :ole p]=mance1 b y mu/ rememb] :5 correct+ any?+ ! m5 are do+ t y are m\nt$1 :ile !y are probably kneel+ or ly+1 & mu* t y see is invisible to !m4 ,equip y\rself ) a pair ( field glasses1 & also ) a megaphone1 :i* latt] %\ld be ab\t f\rte5 in*es long1 & c>ri$ by a /rap ov] ! %\ld]1 ! /rap pun*$ s z to be capable ( be+ made long or buckl$ up close "u ! arm1 accord+ z y ne$ to use ! megaphone1 or wi% to get x out ( y\r way4 ,use y\r glasses to look at :at sections & individual m5 9 !m are do+4 ,!y w reveal to y small mi/akes t escape notice at "s di/ance ) ! unaid$ eye4 ,! megaphone saves y a lot ( small excursions to get to e>%ot ( m51 & also a lot ( %\t+ at a di/ance1 :i* is fatigu+1 & is apt to lead to exac]bation ( temp]s1 bo? ( ! %\t] & ! li/5]4 ,moreov]1 x enables y to he> z well z speak f a di/ance4 ,?is is done simply by hold+ x aim$ at ! o!r man ) y\r e> in/ead ( y\r m\? at ! m\?piece4 ,use y\r :i/le to call att5tion to ord]s or signals1 c>ry x 9 y\r h&1 n 9 y\r pocket1 & put a loop 9 ! cord & pass ! loop ov] y\r middle f+]1 or y w be always dropp+ x4 ,in/ead ( a cane1 c>ry a small semaphore flag1 & give y\r signals ) x4 ,?is saves a good deal ( arm-wav+1 & t5ds to sm>t5 up movem5t1 z x is m easily se5 ?an ! arm4 ,by br++ all ^! aids into y\r s]vice1 y w f9d t y c make y\r influ5ce felt1 al?\gh ! sections are sep>at$ by ! greate/ di/ances :i* !y are ev] likely to be call$ on to take up 9 battle4 ,,vii4 ,besides discipl9e1 !re are c]ta9 o!r moral influ5ces :i* give /r5g? to an ,army4 ,^! are indicat$ 9 ,i4,t41 #a 7#d & #e74 ,! two mighty =ces ( religion & patriotism are n treat$ ( "h1 z !y h _! roots n 9 any sy/em ( tra9+1 b 9 ! upbr++ ( ! y\? ( ! nation1 b !re is "o =ce :i* y1 z a humble comm&]1 c call into play1 & t is %ame--! dread ( los+ ! respect ( oneself & ( "o's comrades4 ,dur+ peace tra9+ y may make m5 dread ! public %ame ( misbehavi\r by ! aid ( ^? means ( sup]vision :i* ,i h sugge/$1 b 9 w> ! p[] to sup]vise is greatly curtail$1 & x is v desirable to f9d some?+ to replace x1 &1 at ! same "t1 to supplem5t a too absolute reliance on ! /\tness ( m5's he>ts1 = ?is may prove a brok5 re$ :5 ! troops are l>gely compos$ ( unseason$ soldi]s4 99 99 99 99 99 ,to a c]ta9 ext5t1 ! organisation ( ! company into p]man5t sections provides u ) ! sub/itute we desire1 z ! m5 ( sections are likely to be cognisant ( h[ _! comrades behave :5 out ( view ( ! re/ ( ! company z long z ! :ole ( ! m5 ( ! section are 9 view ( ea* o!r2 b ?is w n always be ! case3 = example1 9 wood fight+ or 9 h\se fight+1 bo? ( :i* w\ld assur$ly occur if our m5 h to fight 9 ,europe4 ,9 su* fight+ ev]y?+ comes d[n to ! pu%fulness ( ! individual soldi]s1 = ev5 sections w lose _! lead]s4 ,!re=e let u c>ry ! pr9ciple ( ! company organisation logically "o /ep fur!r1 & make ! m5 ( a file z !y fall 9 on p>ade 9 ! section act 9 conjunction = ! rema9d] ( t p>ade4 ,?is arrangem5t is recognis$ 9 ! la/ edition ( ! ,musketry ,regulations1 & has1 at v>i\s times1 be5 adopt$ 9 =m] drill books ( our ,army1 & has giv5 excell5t results1 :ile1 if ! pres5t book does n prescribe x1 at lea/ x c\nt5ances x 7,i4,t41 #abc 7#ab771 & ,i /rongly recomm5d y\r introduc+ x into y\r company4 ,x is likely to produce emulation 9 ! fire fight among m5 ^: he>ts are 9 ! "r place1 & 9 ! assault x mu/ produce ! advantages ( comb9ation1 = two m5 com+ on ) ! bayonet 9 conjunction are f> m likely to d someone an injury ?an if !y ea* came on indep5d5tly1 s9ce 9 ! latt] case a cool & skilful antagoni/ might dispose ( "o & !n ! o!r1 ev5 z ! ,japanese are said to h /epp$ aside :5 *>g$ by ! ,russians1 :o1 runn+ =w>d bl9dly & head d[n1 fell an easy prey to _! al]t little enemies1 & 7 bayonet$ 9 succession z !y arriv$4 ,! pro( ( ?is pudd+ is ! eat+ !re(1 & if y\r company ev] happ5s to be alongside a company told (f daily into haphaz>d sections1 z is sometimes done1 9 spite ( rules1 y w !n see ! diff]5ce1 ev5 if x is only at manuvres4 ,9 close ord] !y may /ill look alike1 b let !m be ext5d$ 9 r\gh c\ntry1 & y w see t y\rs is ! blade ( /eel2 ! p>ticles ( its metal are coh]5t2 x w b5d1 b n break4 ,! o!r is ( wr\ght iron1 poli%$ on ! surface b ( brittle mat]ial1 & sure to fly to pieces 9 any r\gh usage4 ,by ?is file organisation y w produce 9 ! m5 9 ! ranks ! highe/ degree ( cohesion--! habit ( regulat+ _! own actions 9 accordance ) ! actions & ne$s ( o!rs 9 fur!rance ( "o g5]al aim4 ,hav+ secur$ ?is cohesion among ! m51 y h /ill to produce x )9 ! company z betwe5 platoons & sections4 ,= cohesion is ! cop+ /one ( ! edifice ( effici5cy1 & re/s on a basis ( discipl9e1 moral & tra9+4 ,x makes possible ! application ( ! pr9ciple ( mutual support :i* is indisp5sable 9 ! attack 7,f4,s4,r41 #aje 7#d771 & x enables retirem5ts & def5sive action to be c>ri$ out )\t disorganisation1 & ) ! m9imum ( loss4 ,:5ev] sections act toge!r1 see to x t ! non-commission$ (fic]s keep an eye on ! movem5ts ( ! o!rs1 & "q !m z to ! ext5t _! ord]s to _! sections %\ld be influ5c$ by ! ne$s & movem5ts ( ! o!rs4 ,by ?is means !y w be induc$ to *eck ! incl9ation to play only = _! own h&s1 & to rememb] always t _! unit is "p ( a comb9ation :i* c be/ atta9 success by act+ accord+ly4 ,,viii4 ,tra9+ is ! prep>ation ( (fic]s & m5 = ! duties :i* !y w c>ry out 9 w>4 ,^! duties consi/ 9 ! application ( ! pr9ciples conta9$ 9 ! tra9+ manuals1 & x is y\r bus9ess to provide concrete examples4 ,b 9 ^! days ( long range arms combats take a v long "t1 & y _c expect 9 a p>ade ( p]haps "o or at mo/ two h\rs1 & ) a limit$ ext5t ( gr\nd1 to c>ry out all ! v>i$ phases ( an op]ation :i*1 9 w>f>e1 w\ld take any?+ f six to eighte5 h\rs to complete1 & w\ld ext5d ov] p]haps five or six miles ( c\ntry1 ev5 if we limit ourselves to ! extreme ranges ( heavy artill]y1 & take no acc\nt ( movem5ts n )9 ! range ( possible fire4 ,!re=e1 9 y\r tra9+1 y mu/ be analytical1 *oos+ = "o p>ade su* phase or phases z y h "t & gr\nd =1 & do+ ! o!rs lat] on4 ,:5 y\r company kn[s all x c be taught ?us piecemeal1 x w be e>ly en\gh to try to get "t & gr\nd to p]=m cont9u\s op]ations4 99 99 99 99 99 ,= in/ance1 infantry 9 ! attack w usually h to g ?r\gh ?ree phases3 fir/1 ! advance to fire positions2 second1 ! fire fight 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#f772 &1 ?ird1 ! assault1 :i* latt] mu/ be divid$ into ! *>ge & ! /eps :i* foll[ x accord+ z x is successful or n4 ,y w h to tra9 = ^! ?ree phases4 ,! fir/1 aga9/ an enemy arm$ ) guns & rifles1 w\ld consi/ 9 op5+ out f column ( r\te into little columns--sections or platoons--& mov+ =w>d 9 ?is =mation1 ! ma9 object be+ to escape be+ sma%$ to pieces by 8 artill]y fire be=e be+ able to d him any damage 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#c774 ,lat]1 y w\ld come "u 8 rifle fire1 & y\r little columns mu/ scatt] out into l9es ( m5 9 ext5d$ ord] 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#e774 ,^! movem5ts seem1 & are1 v easy1 b /ill !y mu/ be practis$ 9 peace if !y are to be done coolly & )\t confusion 9 "t ( w> :5 ! fir/ intimation ( ! necessity = op5+ out may be ! %riek & cra% ( :at w be to mo/ ( ! m5 ! fir/ %rapnel !y h ev] se51 & )al aim$ at !mselves4 ,?is phase requires ! pres5ce ( all f\r platoons ( ! company1 & s may be kept ov] till ! m5 h be5 tra9$ 9 ! phase :i* x prec$es1 namely1 t ( ! fire fight4 99 99 99 99 99 ,! fire fight beg9s :5 ! attack+ infantry h got z f> =w>d z !y c )\t hav+ to reply to ! enemy's fire1 & x is q di/9ct f ! prec$+ phase ( passive endurance4 ,success 9 ! fire fight is an absolute necessity = a successful assault4 ,possibly y\r enemy has prep>$ y\r success be=e w> broke out by ab/a9+ f tra9+ 8 m5 9 musketry1 b ev5 if 8 %oot+ is inf]ior1 ! fire fight w call into play all ! qualities & skill ( :i* y\r m5 are possess$1 bo? individually & collectively4 ,accord+ly y %\ld practise !m 9 ! fire fight f ! op5+ ( _! fire up to ! assault1 fir/ individually & !n collectively4 ,! assault c be dissect$ into ! fix+ ( bayonets ) z little cessation ( fire z possible1 ! *>ge itself1 foll[$1 accord+ z x is held to h be5 successful or n1 by ! rally+ ( ! troops1 pursuit ( ! enemy by fire & /r5g!n+ ( ! captur$ position1 or ! )drawal or su* mitigation ( ! results ( failure z may fairly be attempt$4 ,?us1 by consid]+ ! attack z made up ( phases z above1 x is1 ,i ?9k1 possible & in/ructive to practise ea* "o ( !m sep>ately1 on a %ort p>ade1 & on limit$ gr\nd1 by plac+ ! m5 9 ! ord] 9 :i* !y w\ld be at beg9n+ ( any "o phase1 & c>ry+ on f !re4 ,be=e beg9n+ any ex]cise1 call y\r non-commission$ (fic]s out to ! front1 & expla9 to !m & to ! m51 9 v full detail1 :at ! ex]cise is int5d$ to be1 :at po9ts p>ticul>ly require att5tion1 h[ y want x done1 & ! sequ5ce ( ev5ts1 if x involves comb9$ action betwe5 ! diff]5t units2 :e!r ! company is suppos$ to be act+ by itself or z "p ( ! battalion1 &1 if ! latt]1 :e!r y\r side are hav+ ! support ( artill]y fire or n1 :]e ! enemy is1 & :at he is1 i4e41 is he infantry only1 or has he also cavalry & guns1 :at he is suppos$ to be do+1 attack+1 def5d+1 retir+1 m>*+1 or :at4 ,deal ) all su* po9ts be=e y />t1 o!rwise y w f9d y\r non-commission$ (fic]s & m5 fill+ 9 ! blanks ea* accord+ to 8 own b5t ( imag9ation1 & ev]yone 9 consequ5ce play+ at a diff]5t game4 ,to be ?us able to def9e ! scope & arrangem5ts ( ! ex]cise1 y mu/ h x cle>ly plann$ out 9 all detail 9 y\r head4 ,?is y %\ld d if possible ! day be=e ! p>ade1 s t y w h ! ?+ well ?\ght out1 & ev5ts m>%all$ 9 logical sequ5ce4 ,at all ex]cises1 if possible1 h ! enemy repres5t$ by a skeleton =ce1 z direct$ by ,t4 ,m4,r41 #dh1 a few actual m5 ) blank c>tridge1 & a r$ range flag or two to r\ghly def9e ! enemy's position4 ,use = ?is purpose old soldi]s1 if y h !m1 or1 at lea/1 m5 :o h already p]=m$ ! ex]cise y mean to d1 & x is bett] to take "o or two m5 f ea* platoon ?an to s5d (f a :ole section1 & s break up ! company organisation4 ,six or eight m5 are q en\gh to =m any skeleton enemy t is ne$$ = a company to manuvre aga9/4 ,y mu/ give ! skeleton enemy def9ite ord]s z to :at !y are to repres5t1 :]e !y are to g1 & :at to d & n to d4 ,if !y are giv5 at all a free h&1 especially if "u ! ent]pris+ ,briti% subalt]n1 !y are v apt to indulge 9 f>-rea*+ manuvres1 & subject y to sudd5 raids & onslaughts :i* upset y\r s*eme = ! p>ade1 & leave y no enemy at ! v po9t y wi%$ to h him4 ,if y _c arrange = a skeleton enemy1 at lea/ nev] fail to indicate "s position z suppos$ to be held by an enemy4 ,if y\r ex]cise gr\nd is limit$ 9 ext5t1 fix ! enemy's position outside x1 reg>dless ( :e!r y h1 or h n1 lic5ce to trav]se ! int]v5+ space1 s z to avoid c>ry+ out y\r ex]cise )9 impossibly close range ( ! enemy4 ,9 default ( a skeleton enemy to provide y ) a t>get1 tell y\r m5 to aim at any memb]s ( ! public :o are ab\t ! enemy's position4 ,?is is bett] ?an snapp+ at inanimate objects1 z x gives m int]e/ & s keeps up c>eful aim+4 ,z reg>ds ! g5]al me?od ( tra9+1 foll[ commons5se & ! manuals1 & "w f individual up to collective1 be>+ 9 m9d always t collective "w is built up ( ! "w ( ! individuals :o ?r\gh\t h to be kept up to ! coll> by ! v>i\s arts :i* ,i h t\*$ on4 ,! less ( ! iron h& t is %[n ! bett]4 ,,ix4 ,i make no m5tion ( sc\ts1 z !y are speciali/s4 ,!y mu/ be select$ aft] y h got to "k all ! m5 ( y\r company & _! capabilities4 ,_! tra9+ z sc\ts _c be c>ri$ out by y p]sonally at ! same "t t y are tra9+ ! company4 ,to be really ( use1 x w be a :ole-"t job = "o (fic]1 & y w ei!r h to turn !m ov] to "o ( ! subalt]ns1 or g ) !m y\rself1 pref]ably ! =m]1 if ! subalt]n is capable4 ,:5 !y are tra9$ & fall 9 on p>ade z sc\ts 9 _! sections1 x is a good plan to h places p]man5tly res]v$ = !m z ?ird files f ! left ( sections 7! blank file's place7 s t !y c leave ! ranks )\t di/urb+ ! =mation = =m+ f\rs4 ,z reg>ds dress "o ?+ is q c]ta91 & t is t ) only "o suit ( uni=m m5 _c appe> clean & sm>t (f duty 9 x1 & yet use x = field "w ) all ! ly+ d[n & knockab\t we> involv$4 ,9 "t ( national dang]1 appe>ances w g to ! wall1 & m5 w d _! "w at ! exp5se ( ! fit ( _! "o & only suit ( uni=m4 ,,footnotes3 #a ,a cause n[ exi/s1 & ! m5 h come out4 ,,ex]cise ,i4 ,,individual ,,advance ,,9 ,,ext5d$ ,,ord]4 ,! ex]cise portrays :at m5 w h to d :5 ! rifle fire ( ! enemy becomes effective1 & necessitates ext5sion ( ! small columns :i* are us$ to dodge 8 %ell fire 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#c774 ,?is w be some:]e ov] "o ?\s& y>ds f ! enemy1 & p]haps f\rte5 hundr$ may be tak5 z a maximum4 ,f ! po9t at :i* ext5sion f ! small columns is made up till ! "t ( ! assault1 a l9e ( m5 9 ext5d$ ord] is ! suitable =mation1 unless !re is "s cov]$ way lead+ =w>d :i* c be trav]s$ 9 file or o!r =mation4 ,once ! advance has begun x %\ld be c>ri$ ?r\gh z quickly z possible )\t exhau/+ ! m5 too mu*1 & fire %\ld n be op5$ until x is absolutely necess>y to neutralise t ( ! enemy1 fir/ly1 because x less5s ! spe$ ( ! advance & s increases ! "t dur+ :i* ! attack]s are expos$ to ! enemy's fire2 secondly1 because once m5 />t fir+ x is m difficult to lead !m =w>d2 &1 ?irdly1 because x uses up c>tridges ^: value & difficulty ( replacem5t increases at e y>d ne>] ! enemy's position4 ,! ex]cise is !n to tra9 m5 to ga9 gr\nd to ! front ) ! m9imum ( exposure to ! enemy's fire1 & z quickly z may be1 fir/ly1 )\t fir+1 &1 secondly1 :ile fir+ !mselves1 b 9 ! latt] case spe$ mu/ be subord9at$ to ! developm5t ( a fire ( suffici5t accuracy & volume to l>gely neutralise t ( ! enemy1 = at ?is /age ( ! battle advances "u fire w only be possible if x is inaccurate2 & ! only c]ta9 means ( caus+ x to be inaccurate is by di/urb+ ! enemy's n]ves & aim by br++ to be> on him ! fire bo? ( support+ troops & ( ! fir+ l9e itself 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#f774 ,! regulations d n enc\rage ! op5+ ( fire by units less ?an two platoons at ranges ov] "o ?\s& y>ds z ! results d n comp5sate = ! delay4 ,"u "o ?\s& & up to six hundr$ x is desir$ t fire %\ld be controll$ & direct$1 i4e41 ! am\nt1 & ! t>get %\ld be specifi$ by comm&]s 7,i4,t41 #aaf74 ,"u six hundr$ y>ds x is recognis$ t individual fire gives good results1 &1 moreov]1 control becomes almo/ impossible4 ,divide y\r ex]cise accord+ly4 ,fir/1 tea* m]ely ! advance )\t fir+1 lett+ ! m5 "k t !y are n to fire1 z a rule1 )\t ord]s "u six hundr$ y>ds1 & !n let !m advance fir+ at ea* halt beh9d cov]1 *oos+ _! own t>get & times ( fir+ z !y w\ld d 9 ! /age ( 8close fire10 i4e41 six or p]haps eight hundr$ y>ds up to assault+ di/ance1 :i* latt] is ab\t two hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy's l9e ( def5ces4 ,?is p>ade is "o t c be done ) v few m5 pres5t1 b x is necess>y to =m !m up into sections ) a l>ge proportion ( non-commission$ (fic]s4 ,keep ! m5 9 _! prop] sections1 b1 if necess>y1 jo9 two or ?ree toge!r1 s z to =m sections ) ?ree or f\r non-commission$ (fic]s to ea*4 ,?us1 if y =m f\r sections1 !y %\ld ea* be 9 reality a boil+ d[n ( ! platoons4 ,9 future ex]cises ,i w also suppose t y ?us conc5trate y\r m51 keep+ ! memb]s ( ea* section toge!r1 & =m !m into sections ( size suitable to ! "w ( ! day1 & no fur!r allusion w be made to ?is4 ,be=e tak+ ! m5 on to ! ex]cise gr\nd1 y %\ld *oose a po9t on x f :i* y int5d to />t y\r advance4 ,"s f\rte5 hundr$ or less y>ds f ?is *oose a position = y\r skeleton enemy1 :o w consi/ ( ?ree or f\r old soldi]s ) =ty r\nds ( blank ea*4 ,if m5 are n available1 put up a few r$ range flags4 ,:i*ev] are us$1 put !m into "s position t an enemy might reasonably occupy2 d n simply dump !m d[n on to ! gr\nd4 ,! skeleton enemy mu/ be told to %[ up occasionally1 & to op5 a sl[ b regul> fire z soon z !y see y\r m5 advanc+1 b only to keep x up z long z y\r m5 %[ !mselves 9 mak+ _! advance4 ,a complete cessation ( fire w d5ote t y\r m5 are mak+ su* good use ( cov] z to be invisible to ! enemy4 ,let y\r m5 also "k t ^! in/ructions h be5 giv51 & t su* an advance is ! ideal to be s\ght =1 provid$ always t x is n absurdly sl[4 ,if nei!r m5 nor flags are available y mu/ make believe & po9t out a suppos$ position at a suppos$ di/ance4 ,i h already po9t$ out ! advantages ( hav+ a skeleton enemy to "w aga9/4 ,9 front ( y\r />t+ po9t1 & ab\t f\r hundr$ y>ds f x1 decide on "s po9t at :i* y w let ! m5 halt aft] !y h made _! way across ! int]v5+ space4 ,"h ,i w ref] y to ! diagram4 ,! l9e ,,aa is y\r />t+ po9t1 ,,cc ! enemy's position4 ,y\r ex]cise consi/s 9 %[+ individual m5 h[ to ga9 gr\nd f ,,aa z f> z ,,bb1 di/ant ab\t f\r hundr$ y>ds f ,,aa1 ) ! m9imum ( exposure to ! enemy's aim$ fire4 ,draw up ! sections1 suppos+ !re are two1 on ! l9e ,,aa1 fifty to "o hundr$ y>ds ap>t1 & let ! m5 sit d[n fac+ away f ,,cc &1 if possible1 "u cov]1 s t !y may n see h[ _! comrades negotiate ! c\rse4 ,space ! available non-commission$ (fic]s ( ea* section along ! c\rse f ,a to ,b & ,a to ,b1 ) ord]s to sup]vise & criticise ! advance ( ea* man )9 ! limits ( _! beats4 ,all[ a belt ( tw5ty to ?irty y>ds broad f ,a to ,b & f ,a up to ,b1 )9 :i* m5 mu/ seek _! cov]4 ,?is belt is made broad "h to af=d in/ruction1 b :5 ! m5 "w toge!r 9 _! sections1 x w be mu* n>r[]1 z !y w !n be ext5d$ at int]vals ( five or six paces only4 ,/>t (f "o man at a "t f ea* section to cross f ,,aa to ,,bb1 to move z if "u fire f ! enemy 9 ru%es f "o cov] to ano!r4 ,z soon z a man rea*es ,,bb he may fall out & wat* ! movem5ts ( ! rema9d]4 ,d n s5d (f a fre% man until ! prec$+ "o has ne>ly rea*$ ,,bb1 s t y\r non-commission$ (fic]s may h good opportunity to look at ea* man z he goes4 ,z = y\rself1 be active 9 sup]vis+ bo? sections1 us+ y\r horse if y h "o4 ,,diagram ,i4 ,,= ,,ex]cises ,i4 ,,ii4 ,illu/ration3 ,,cc ,enemy's position ab\t #adjj,x f ,,aa4 ,enemy be+ repres5t$ by m5 ) blank c>tridge or flags4 ,,aa ,/>t+ po9ts #adjj y>ds f enemy's position4 ,m5 />t f ,,aa to cross to ,,bb )\t expos+ !mselves to ! enemy at ,,cc4 ,crosses indicate cov]1 & ! *a9 dott$ l9es r\tes by :i* m5 may advance4 ,,aa to ,,bb is ab\t #djj,x ,! foll[+ are po9ts to be att5d$ to3--,be=e leav+ _! cov]1 m5 mu/ decide :]e _! next halt+ place is to be1 & make = x quickly1 & ) decision4 ,!re mu/ be no em]g+ into ! op51 & !n look+ ab\t = a bit ( cov] to g =4 ,! l5g? ( ea* ru% %\ld n be en\gh to let ! enemy h "t = delib]ate aim--fifty y>ds or s is q ! limit = ?is4 ,if !re is no cov] ! m5 mu/ lie d[n flat betwe5 ea* ru%4 ,occasionally x is advisable to make a long ru% f "o good position to ano!r at spr9t+ pace )\t /opp+ at all 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#ab771 s ?is %\ld be practis$ sometimes1 ! non-commission$ (fic]s at t "p ( ! beat be+ ord]$ to tell ! m5 :at is ne$$4 ,once a man has decid$ on 8 next halt+ place1 & is 9 w9d1 he %\ld leave 8 cov] ) a jump4 ,! sl[ upris+ ( a figure is sure to draw ! enemy's att5tion1 & make 8 fire m accurate ?an x w\ld be if no intimation 7 giv5 him4 ,simil>ly1 on rea*+ cov]1 m5 %\ld fall d[n quickly1 & n l[] !mselves sl[ly to e>?4 ,insi/ on a c>eful *oice ( cov]1 a v small depression or elevation1 ev5 six in*es1 is en\gh to give cov] f view1 & !re=e helps 9 escap+ aim$ fire1 b 9 peace "t m5 w n take tr\ble ov] app>5tly trifl+ ?+s l ?is unless x is rubb$ into !m by close sup]vision4 ,noticeable objects %\ld be avoid$ z ! enemy may h tak5 _! range1 & !y help him to def9e a po9t on :i* to conc5trate fire4 ,if a man makes mi/akes & %[s indecision at any "p ( ! c\rse1 call him back to ! la/ cov] he left1 & let him />t aga9 f !re aft] po9t+ out :at he has done wrong4 ,,ii4 ,! advance comb9$ ) individual fire4 ,! second "p ( ! ex]cise is done 9 ! same way z ! fir/1 ! m5 advanc+ & tak+ cov] z be=e1 b n[ us+ _! rifles4 ,!y h to be taught to use ! cov] to advantage1 bo? z a protection & z an aid to _! %oot+1 & to take pa9s 9 se>*+ = a good t>get1 & 9 _! sight+1 aim+ & fir+4 ,= purposes ( in/ruction1 six hundr$ y>ds is r a %ort range to op5 fire at1 & ,i recomm5d y\r mak+ a />t at eight hundr$ or s1 i4e41 two hundr$ y>ds beyond ,,bb t[>ds ! enemy1 work+ up to f\r hundr$4 ,?is necessitates judg+ di/ance at beyond ! practically po9t-blank ranges ( ! ,lee-,enfield rifle1 & makes ! m5 use _! eyes ke5ly to spot ! enemy1 :ile x avoids a c]ta9 am\nt ( unreality :i* is apt to atta* to in/ructional movem5ts c>ri$ on 9 front ( a skeleton enemy at ! deadly %ort ranges "u ?ree hundr$ y>ds4 ,po9ts :i* %\ld be consid]$ are3-- ,to fire f ! "r & l[] edge ( any cov]1 n ov] ! top4 ,make ! m5 keep a c\nt ( ! numb] ( times !y snap ov] ! c\rse 7i4e41 c>tridges us$71 & report to ! non-commission$ (fic] at ! f9i% ( _! c\rse4 ,let ! m5 d _! own judg+ di/ance1 & let non-commission$ (fic]s drop at once on any man :o ei!r fails to d s1 or =gets1 z !y (t5 d1 to adju/ ! backsight4 ,cultivate a habit among ! m5 ( look+ ab\t = diff]5t t>gets1 n fir+ only /raight 9 front ( !mselves1 b on _! "r & left1 s t :5 !y come to fire collectively !y may feel no?+ new 9 be+ told to op5 ! enfilade fire recomm5d$ by ,i4,t41 #aaf 7#aa71 & also get ! cu/om ( wat*+ = ! enemy all along 8 front4 ,^! two ex]cises ( advanc+ ) & )\t fir+ are ! gr\ndwork ( ! fight+ effici5cy ( ! soldi] 9 ! attack1 & w be f\nd to call = e natural & acquir$ qualification ! individual possesses4 ,good %oot+1 quick judgm5t1 activity1 w9d1 & ev]y?+ else are ne$$ if ! "w is done ) full obs]vance ( ! conditions :i* w\ld exi/ "u fire4 ,put ! m5 ?r\gh ex]cises ( ?is sort sev]al times1 &1 if possible1 on diff]5t gr\nd1 till !y acquire quickness 9 *oos+ cov] & ! arts t make an exp]t fight]4 ,confid5ce 9 !mselves w come ) ! skill !y acquire1 & ) confid5ce comes decision ( m9d1 :i* is really m important ?an bodily effici5cy4 ,if y h "t1 a useful rid] to ?is ex]cise is to "w ! m5 by pairs1 z is recomm5d$ 9 ! ,musketry ,regulations = ! obs]vation ( fire1 & s introduce !m e>ly to ! use ( ! file organisation :i* ,i h advis$ y to adopt4 ,,ex]cise ,,ii4 ,,retirem5t ,,by ,,pairs4 ,a s\nd provision aga9/ panic among "y troops is to accu/om !m to reg>d a retirem5t z all 9 ! day's "w1 & n z an exceptional und]tak+ :i* _! anxiety may inve/ ) possibilities ( disa/]4 ,! ess5ce ( successful retirem5t 9 face ( an enemy lies 9 ! cont9u\s opposition1 or appe>ance ( x1 (f]$ to ! enemy by "o portion ( ! troops1 :ile o!rs draw (f to take po/ to cov] ! )drawal ( ! re>mo/ portion4 ,i4,t41 #acg1 gives ! idea 9 few words4 ,x does n m5tion individual tra9+ 9 ?is1 b x is useful to put m5 ?r\gh ! movem5ts1 bo? to cultivate cohesion 9 ! ranks1 & z a tactical ex]cise4 ,x may happ5 9 w> t an ext5d$ l9e has to give gr\nd :5 engag$ ) ! enemy1 & ?is "u s heavy a fire z to make movem5t except ov] %ort di/ances impossible )\t great loss4 ,su* a )drawal w\ld mean t ! troops are 9 a v tight corn]1 & w\ld te/ !m v highly1 b t is ano!r matt]4 ,x may happ51 & %\ld be prep>$ =4 ,a )drawal "u ^! conditions might p]haps be c>ri$ out by ! alt]nate movem5t ( m5 9 files cov]$ by ! fire ( ! o!rs1 until su* a di/ance f ! enemy _h be5 obta9$ z to all[ sections or companies to take up ! alt]ation4 ,up to t di/ance x w be simply a rev]sal ( :at 0 done 9 ,ex]cise ,i41 b work$ by files--a front rank man & 8 re> rank man1 "o go+ back a %ort di/ance1 & ! o!r fir+ to cov] ! movem5t4 ,aga91 m5 on patrol or o!rwise deta*$ may h to retire to avoid capture1 or = _m o!r reasons1 :5 !y might n be "u close & heavy fire1 b /ill w\ld be "u ! necessity ( prev5t+ ! enemy clos+ 9 on !m or surr\nd+ !m4 ,9 ?is case1 ! l5g? ( ea* )drawal w\ld be mu* long] ?an 9 ! =m] case2 "o man w\ld fire :ile ! o!r made (f p]haps two or ?ree hundr$ y>ds at 8 be/ spe$4 ,tra9 = bo? cont+5cies2 x c be done 9 "o & ! same p>ade4 ,skeleton enemy z usual4 ,= ! )drawal "u heavy fire1 let ! sections sit d[n & fall out at ,,bb 7,diagram ,i471 & put out ! non-commission$ (fic]s betwe5 ,,ba & ,b ,a z be=e4 ,call out ! m5 by files1 tell !m to "w back to ,a & ,a1 "o fir+1 ! o!r retir+4 ,z a rule !y %\ld retire pa/ ea* o!r be=e halt+4 ,! same po9ts mu/ be obs]v$ z 9 ,ex]cise ,no4 ,i1 & ! quick] !y are 9 movem5t ! bett]1 b !y mu/ be taught to g 9 quick "t also :5 s ord]$ 7,i4,t41 #acg 7#d774 ,= ! retirem5t ( a file z on patrol1 d exactly ! same1 b y %\ld "w ov] six hundr$ y>ds ( gr\nd or s to correct any t5d5cy to import ! %ort ru% into ?is ex]cise1 :i* w\ld be out ( place1 & also to let m5 h m practice 9 look+ = suitable fire positions f :i* !y c bo? fire on ! enemy1 & f :i* !y c get away :5 _! turn comes1 a po9t !y (t5 neglect at fir/4 ,! diff]5t nature ( ! two ex]cises mu/ be made q cle>4 ,at ?is ex]cise y %\ld br+ be=e y\r m5 ! ne$ ( us+ all sorts ( ruses 9 a retirem5t1 ! use ( rapid fire j be=e )draw+1 ! %am )drawal act$ by ceas+ fire1 & retir+ a few y>ds1 b only to halt & re-op5 fire aft] a few seconds if ! enemy has be5 tempt$ to expose himself1 ?9k+ ! coa/ cle>1 ! real )drawal effect$ s c>efully t ! enemy is n sure :e!r y are !re /ill or n1 & s on2 & make !m put _! own ideas ( ^! plans into action & tell !m if !y are do+ :at is feasible on s]vice or n4 ,b> all 8manuvre slimness10 i4e41 any?+ t c\ld n be done on s]vice4 ,,ex]cise ,,iii4 ,,individual ,,tra9+ ,,9 ,,use ,,( ,,fire ,,& ,,fire ,,discipl9e4 ,e>ly lessons 9 fire discipl9e c be giv5 9 s+le rank on ! p>ade gr\nd1 b ! op5 c\ntry & ext5d$ ord] are want$ = tra9+ m5 to ! fulle/ ext5t "u s]vice conditions4 ,only 9 ! op5 c\ntry c be got ! v>iety ( t>gets1 ranges & ! visual tra9+ :i* are necess>y = a complete education4 ,m5 mu/ be taught1 & taught aga91 t ! tak+ up ( ext5d$ ord]1 & movem5t ov] all sorts ( gr\nd1 9 no way mean t !y are to pass at once beyond ! control ( _! unit lead]s1 or t x is optional to cont9ue to take any sort ( pa9s ) _! %oot+ j because _! non-commission$ (fic]s _c /& ov] !m1 b h to %\t ord]s f a di/ance4 ,?is ex]cise consi/s 9 advanc+ & retir+ 9 ext5d$ ord] ) fire & ! use ( cov] :5 halt$2 b to all[ = m prolong$ %oot+ practice & clos] sup]vision ?an are possible :5 c>ry+ out an attack or retirem5t z on s]vice1 ! halts are long] & movem5ts %\ld at fir/ be made 9 quick "t4 ,put out y\r skeleton enemy on a good broad front1 s z to all[ room = *ange ( t>gets1 & d n h !m all 9 "o /raight l9e1 s t ea* t>get %all call = a *ange ( sight+4 ,let ! sections "w indep5d5tly ( ea* o!r "u _! section comm&]s1 :o1 ) ! o!r non-commission$ (fic]s1 w h to act bo? z comm&]s & in/ructors4 ,br+ ! sections up to ab\t twelve hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy2 get !m into a l9e ) int]vals betwe5 !m1 i4e41 spaces measur+ f ! flank ( "o to ! flank ( ! o!r1 suffici5t to admit ( ea* section be+ ext5d$ to two or ?ree paces betwe5 m5 )\t its flank m5 com+ too close to ^? ( o!r sections1 e4g41 ) two sections ( eight file1 i4e41 sixte5 m5 ea*2 y mu/ leave room = half ( ea* to ext5d to two paces t[>ds ! o!r1 & keep a fair int]val2 t is1 f ! c5tre ( ea* ( ! above sections ( eight m5 9 ea* rank y want #h #b 7half ! numb] 9 ! front rank7 #b 7two ranks7 #b 7two paces ext5sion7 #af paces = ! l9e ext5d$ & an int]val (1 say1 #cj y>ds1 :i* gives #df y>ds betwe5 ea* section c5tre to c5tre4 ,n[1 let ! section comm&]s ord] ! m5 to ext5d1 lie d[n1 take cov] & op5 fire4 ,! unit comm&]1 ! non-commission$ (fic] 9 *>ge ( ! section1 is to "n ! t>get & di/ance & also ! rate ( fire1 rapid or sl[1 at all di/ances ov] six hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy 7,i4,t41 #aaf 7#e771 unless x is desir$ on occasion to tra9 m5 to d ?is = !mselves4 ,aft] fire has be5 deliv]$1 direct section comm&]s to proce$ ) ! ex]cise1 giv+ ord]s = advanc+1 halt+ & fir+1 ! advance to be made f cov] to cov] z 9 ,ex]cise ,no4 ,i1 b 9 quick "t4 ,y\rself sup]vise 9 *ief1 & tell section comm&]s :5 y want to give ord]s z to ! fir+ or movem5t1 & let !m give ! executive comm&s1 aft] :i* y & !y %\ld pass along ! l9es & scrut9ise ea* man's actions 9 c>ry+ out ! ord]s1 que/ion+ !m1 & repeal+ h9ts y may h giv5 :5 tell+ !m ! object & me?ods ( ! practice1 if !y appe> n to be giv+ !m effect4 ,! value ( ! practice dep5ds on ! ord]s y give z to ! fir+ & ! foll[+ are sugge/$3-- 7a7 ,swit*+ ! fire ( all ! rifles on to diff]5t p>ts ( ! enemy's position1 sometimes /raight 9 front1 b q z (t5 at 8 extreme flanks4 ,?is is to introduce ! use ( enfilade fire 7,i4,t41 #aaf 7#aa77 & ! habit ( giv+ support by fire to o!r units 7,f4,s4,r41 #aje 7#d771 by conc5trat+ ! fire on to p>ticul> t>gets4 7b7 ,di/ribut+ ! fire lat]ally along ! :ole or a "p ( ! enemy's front 7,i4,t41 #aaf 7#aj774 ,?is may be done by giv+ ! section a p>ticul> ext5t ( ! enemy's front1 e4g41 8f ! dry tree to ! gate 9 ! h$ge40 ,! section comm&] !n allots ^? ( ! enemy1 :o c be view$ )9 8 bit ( front to individual m51 or pref]ably files ( m51 :o are to treat !m z _! especial *>ge & keep on fir+ at !m till o!rwise ord]$1 or till ! enemy %ifts4 ,( c\rse1 if !re is n en\gh ( ! skeleton enemy to give ea* file 9 ! section a live antagoni/ 7& !re won't be on y\r p>ades71 ! comm&] mu/ indicate bits ( cov] :i* individual m5 ( ! enemy might be expect$ to use & tell 8 m5 to fire at ^! spots4 ,?is is a mo/ important practice1 & ne$s a good deal ( att5tion & application be=e ! m5 get really quick at x4 ,x means1 ( c\rse1 t on s]vice y w make x y\r bus9ess to all[ z few ( ! enemy's riflem5 z possible to be free ( ! di/raction ( hav+ "s bullets l&+ ab\t !m1 to upset _! n]ves & aim4 ,unless "s plan is adopt$ to d ?is all along 8 l9e1 x is all too probable y\r m5 w be expos$ to "s accurate fire f rifles held 9 /eady h&s1 & ev5 "o rifle s held has1 to my k1 caus$ a loss ( elev5 m5 9 z _m m9utes4 ,?is lat]al di/ribution is r difficult1 b x is easy1 comp>$ ) ! concomitant task ( spott+ :]e ! m5 ( ! enemy are hidd51 if !y really try to hide1 at any?+ b ! %orte/ fight+ ranges4 ,! only rem$y = ?is is = ea* private to c>ry field glasses ( sorts2 y w n get !m f ,gov]nm5t1 b if any ( y\r m5 are ke5 en\gh to g 9 = spott+ a hidd5 enemy = !mselves ) glasses & w\ld br+ _! own to p>ade1 =bid !m n1 b enc\rage x4 ,i h be5 told t 9 "s ( ! yeomanry corps 9 ! ,s\? ,african w> ne>ly e troop] rais$ someh[ & some:]e a pair ( glasses--"s 7 "m o' pe>l & silv]-m\nt$1 b did ! spott+ all "r 9 spite ( t4 7c7 ,pass+ ord]s & *ang+ t>gets4 ,"u heavy fire non-commission$ (fic]s w n be able to move along ! l9e1 & ord]s mu/ be pass$ ei!r by ^w ( m\? or by writt5 messages pass$ f h& to h&2 ! =m] is apt to be sl[1 & ! ord]s g>bl$ en r\te unless practis$ be=eh&2 ! latt] is n v practical z m5 9 action are too busy to read bits ( pap] or tr\ble !mselves to see t !y are pass$ on 7,i4,t41 #aai 7#d774 ,to practise ! v]bal me?od :ile ! m5 are engag$ 9 fir+ at any p>ticul> t>get1 give ord]s to "o man 9 a l[ tone 7y w\ld h to speak l\d if ball c>tridge 7 be+ us$7 to fire at "s o!r t>get1 & to pass ! ^w4 ,! man !n tells 8 neighb\rs on ea* side1 & y\rself & a non-commission$ (fic] !n foll[ ! ord] ea* way1 & :5 a man v>ies x admoni% him to repeat j :at he got f ! la/ speak]1 no m & no less4 ,9 a little "t ! m5 w become exact 9 tak+ & pass+ messages4 ,?is me?od %\ld be conf9$ to directions ab\t fir+2 ord]s = movem5t %\ld inv>iably be giv5 by comm&]s by ^w !mselves or signal1 & m5 %\ld n be all[$ to repeat ^!1 z x may lead to grave mi/akes on s]vice1 z a signal may be se5 & act$ on by someone = :om x 0 n int5d$4 7d7 ,besides fir+ at ! skeleton enemy or bits ( cov]1 let fire be direct$ at civilians :o are mov+ ab\t 9 ! field ( view4 ,call on "s individual man by "n to *oose "s su* t>get1 & tell him he has to pass ! ^w to ! re/ ( 8 squad :at t>get he has *os5 & to fire at x4 ,?is gives practice 9 t>get def9ition1 i4e41 describ+ its position s t o!r m5 c "k j :]e to look = x4 ,x is n easy 9 a l&scape devoid ( noticeable objects to d ?is quickly1 b x is important1 z ! difficulty ( locat+ a well-conceal$ enemy ) smokeless p[d] requires t e pair ( eyes 9 ! ranks %\ld be engag$ 9 ! se>* till all ! positions ( ! enemy's riflem5 are se51 & ! in=mation giv5 to ev]yone 9 ! fir+ l9e4 ,until ?is is done1 ! affair is "o ( try+ to neutralise aim$ by unaim$ fire1 a pretty hopeless task4 ,h5ce tra9 y\r m5 to use _! eyes = see+ & _! tongues = description4 7e7 ,accu/om+ ! m5 to judge di/ance1 & use _! backsights )\t ord]s4 ,judg+ di/ance = ! m5 z a =mal practice is conf9$ to ranges "u #hjj y>ds1 b x does no h>m to let !m judge great] ranges4 ,let ! unit comm&]s def9e t>gets to be fir$ at1 omitt+ to /ate ! range1 & let ! m5 judge x = !mselves & fire4 ,walk up ! l9e & see t no man =gets to adju/ 8 backsight = ! di/ance he e/imates4 ,if possible1 h ! correct ranges tak5 previ\sly ) a range f9d]1 & let ! m5 "k :at !y are aft] !y h aim$4 ,ea* *ange ( t>get gives ! m5 a useful lesson 9 judg+ di/ance4 7f7 ,hav+ put ! m5 ?r\gh all sorts ( paces 9 ! way ( fir+ :ile advanc+ & retir+1 9 quick "t d ! same ?+ aga91 b ) ! movem5ts 9 d\ble "t1 &1 9 addition1 c>ry out ! increases & decreases ( ! ext5sion1 incl9es & *anges ( direction giv5 9 ,i4,t41 #ic1 ?r\gh\t insi/+ on ! same /ead9ess 9 fir+ z :5 9 quick "t4 ,all ?is w at fir/ probably get ! m5 8rattl$10 & ! b5efit ( x is t aft] "s ( x !y w get ov] be+ 8rattl$10 & w n let hurri$ ord]s or spe$ ( movem5t int]f]e ) delib]ation & /ead9ess 9 %oot+4 ,,ex]cise ,,iv4 ,,! ,,assault4 ,ex]cise ,,iii4 c suitably be w\nd up by a practice 9 deliv]+ an assault1 z ?is does n take long1 & ! moral may be po9t$ t all fire tra9+ is only a prep>ation = a successful assault4 ,! fix+ ( bayonets be=e assault commonly leads to a complete cessation ( fire 9 ! fir+ l9e4 ,?is is q wrong1 z su* complete cessation ( fire by ! fir+ l9e mu/ l>gely surr5d] = ! "t be+ t sup]iority ( fire :i* facilitates ! deliv]y ( ! assault 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#g771 = x gives ! enemy a *ance to take aim aga94 ,support+ fire by artill]y or infantry n 9 ! fir+ l9e _c be reli$ on :5 ! fir+ l9e has rea*$ assault+ di/ance4 ,!re=e1 d n h a simultane\s fix+ ( bayonets1 b let "o-half fix :ile ! o!r fires1 & ! be/ arrangem5t is evid5tly "o t ensures a fire be+ kept up along ! :ole front & n 9 pat*es4 ,! sy/em ,i h f\nd mo/ satisfactory is to fix bayonets by ranks1 ! front rank fix+ :ile ! re> rank cont9ues fir+1 & !n ! re> rank fix+ :ile ! front rank fires4 ,x may be done by odd & ev5 files1 or o!r ways1 b1 ! company be+ organis$ 9 files1 ! same m5 are usually 9 ! front & re> rank1 & !re is no difficulty 9 _! rememb]+ :i* !y are4 ,! important ?+ is to adh]e to "o sy/em once x is adopt$1 & h x well und]/ood by all4 ,x does n matt] mu* if a few m5 fix bayonets out ( turn1 s long z ! fire is m]ely dim9i%$ & n /opp$ dur+ ! "t bayonets are be+ fix$4 ,9 ! *>ge1 ! m5 %\ld "w by _! files1 i4e41 ! two m5 ( ea* file %\ld act toge!r & run at ! same objective4 ,! mean+ ( ?is is t 9 actual conflict two m5 w\ld g toge!r = ! same individual enemy1 & betwe5 ! two ( !m !y w\ld be pretty sure to br+ him to an untimely end1 if ! enemy really wait$ = ! /eel1 & ) less *ance ( 8 do+ damage ?an if ! combat took place man-to-man2 !reaft] !y c\ld turn _! att5tions to "s o!r p]son4 ,= ! practice *oose & indicate any position = assault2 "w sections up to ab\t two hundr$ y>ds f x1 & !n ord] rapid fire & bayonets to be fix$4 ,z soon z all are ready1 ord] ! *>ge to be s\nd$4 7,i4,t41 #abd74 ,:5 ! m5 he> ! bugle !y mu/ at once jump f _! cov] & g /raight & h>d at ! position2 !re mu/ be no wait+ by individuals to fire a la/ %ot or two4 ,! ru% %\ld be made sudd5ly & swiftly1 s t ! enemy has no "t to see :at is happ5+ be=e ! m5 are well on _! way at him4 ,:5 ! position is rea*$1 pass "r ?r\gh x & well beyond x1 to escape ho/ile gunfire 7,i4,t41 #abd 7#e771 & !n ord] ! 8,halt10 :5 ! m5 may lie d[n "u cov] & op5 a pursu+ fire4 ,walk along ! l9e & see1 ) ! help ( non-commission$ (fic]s1 :e!r m5 ( ea* file are toge!r2 if s1 x w be pro( t !y h obey$ ! directions to keep toge!r dur+ ! *>ge4 ,all[ a m9ute or two ( ! pursu+ fire1 !n let section or platoon comm&]s s\nd _! :i/les1 close & re=m _! sections "u cov]4 ,on ! :i/le-s\nd 7a succession ( %ort bla/s71 m5 rise & d\ble to :]e ! comm&] is1 resume _! places1 & lie d[n4 ,?is re-organisation is v important = y z company comm&]1 = by x y get y\r m5 =m$ up quickly into platoons & ready to be clos$ into company or to take fre% ord]s 9 ! m9imum ( "t4 ,! usual ?+ se5 is t aft] ! assault ! gr\nd is cov]$ ) a mixture ( m5 ( all companies />+ ab\t1 & app>5tly ?9k+ ! %[ at an end1 :]eas on s]vice ?is is ! v "t y may expect ei!r a c\nt]-attack by infantry or a bur/ ( artill]y fire direct$ on ! lo/ position4 ,to repeat ! ord]s ( ! assault3 8,rapid ,fire2 ,fix ,bayonets2 ,*>ge2 ,halt & ,take ,cov]2 ,comm5ce ,fire2 ,rally & ,close ,"u ,cov]10 & be ready = fur!r happ5+s4 ,,ex]cise ,v4 ,,! ,,section ,,& ,,platoon ,,9 ,,! ,,attack4 ,hav+ tra9$ ! individual m5 9 ! "w ne$$ ( !m1 ! next /ep is to make use ( t individual skill to ! be/ effect 9 comb9ation "u ord]s ( a comm&]4 ,! section is ! l[e/ unit recognis$ = tra9+ 7,i4,t41 #ajg71 & x also is ! normal unit us$ 9 fir+ 7,i4,t41 #f 7#d774 ,:5 ! company is advanc+ 9 ! attack1 or retir+1 its sections & platoons w (t5 be widely sep>at$ f ea* o!r1 & ! company comm&] _c look aft] ea* "o 9 detail1 s t ! platoon comm&]s1 & "u !m ! section comm&]s1 mu/ be fully compet5t to lead _! m5 )\t sup]vision1 9 accordance ) ! g5]al int5tion giv5 !m be=e ! company op5$ out4 ,s ! tra9+ ( m5 9 comb9ation mu/ be accompani$ by ! tra9+ ( y\r section & platoon comm&]s4 ,! duties ( fire unit comm&]s are laid d[n 9 ,i4,t41 #aaf 7#e71 & ^? ( section comm&]s 9 ,i4,t41 #aaf & #abc 7#aj74 ,be=e y proce$ ) ?is ex]cise h up ^! non-commission$ (fic]s & devote t5 m9utes to an exposition ( :at is conta9$ 9 ! above p>agraphs4 ,dilate on !m1 & %[ h[ neglect ( ^? duties hamp]s ! company comm&]s4 ,at ! same "t1 desire !m to ma9ta9 among ! m5 dur+ sectional ex]cises ! /&>d ( individual tra9+ :i* 0 obta9$ 9 ! prelim9>y ex]cises4 ,unless !y d s ! m5 w soon cease to apply :at !y !n le>nt1 & s =get x 9 battle until ! occurr5ce ( casualties impresses its value afre% 9 _! m9ds4 ,also give !m ! gi/ ( :at foll[s z to ! advance & description ( fire phases4 ,! ex]cise gives comm&]s ! opportunity ( do+ :at !y w h to d :5 ! company is attack+ or retir+1 b )\t _! hav+ to keep an eye on ! movem5ts ( ! o!r platoons4 ,! m5 %\ld n[ be ext5d$ at full int]vals z on s]vice1 five or six y>ds ap>t1 ?is be+ held to be ! mo/ t is ne$$4 ,put out ! skeleton enemy 9 gr\ps1 "o gr\p z objective ( attack = ea* section or platoon on p>ade1 & ! gr\ps suffici5tly ap>t to prev5t !m int]f]+ ) ea* o!r :5 ext5d$ z above1 = !y are to act indep5d5tly4 ,take up ! advance z if at f\rte5 hundr$ f ! enemy1 :5 8 rifle fire on op5 gr\nd w\ld compel y to *ange f small columns ( sections or platoons into ! l9e ( ext5d$ m5 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#e774 ,! advance up to assault+ di/ance1 f f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds1 consi/s 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#g771 9 ! fir/ place1 ( an advance to fire positions4 ,n[ ,musketry ,regulations lay d[n t fire by less ?an two platoons is ( little effect ov] "o ?\s& y>ds1 s d n enc\rage comm&]s to op5 fire till "o ?\s& y>ds at lea/1 & use ! space f\rte5 hundr$ to "o ?\s& y>ds = in/ruction 9 gett+ _! sections or platoons =w>d z quickly1 & ) z little exposure1 z possible4 ,secondly1 ! advance consi/s ( a fire fight comb9$ ) fur!r advances up to ! assault+ position4 ,9 ?is fire fight controll$ collective fire is bett] ?an individual fire 7,i4,t41 #aaf 7#g7 7iii771 s up to six hundr$ y>ds let fir+ take place1 only on ! specific ord]s ( comm&]s1 :o accord+ly are to "n ! t>gets & ranges4 ,9 ?is phase !re=e make !m *oose =w>d fire positions & "w _! units =w>d1 us+ controll$ collective fire at ! same "t4 ,"u six hundr$ y>ds x is app>5tly held be/ to accept ! inevitable & all[ individual fire1 ! unit comm&]s be+ /ill responsible = gett+ _! m5 =w>d up to ! position ( assault--ab\t two hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy4 ,/ill at ?is close range unit comm&]s %\ld d :at !y c to direct ! fire1 & especially !y %\ld see t m5 fire sl[ly & c>efully4 ,9 g5]al ! rate ( fir+ or snapp+ is f> too fa/1 & p\*es w\ld be empty long be=e ! assault+ position w\ld be rea*$4 ,ow+ to ! great importance ( tra9+ ! sections1 x is advisable to let !m d ?is ex]cise1 ?r\gh bo? ! phases bel[1 sep>ately f ea* o!r1 & n 9 platoon4 ,:5 !y "k all ab\t x1 let !m "w 9 platoon4 ,hav+ drawn up y\r sections 9 l9e at f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds1 ord] ! section comm&]s to ext5d & move on1 & signal ! skeleton enemy to op5 fire4 ,fir/ ,phase3 ,f\rte5 to ,"o ,?\s& ,y>ds1 ,ga9+ ,gr\nd ,)\t ,fir+4 ,practise ! section comm&]s 9 all ways ( gett+ _! sections =w>d )\t undue exposure or delay1 by ru%es ( ! :ole section1 man-by-man f "o & bo? flanks & by files1 toge!r1 & any o!r way t sugge/s itself4 ,/& ov] ! section comm&]s 9 turn & tell !m to advance ! section by "o me?od & !n by ano!r1 & ask !m :i* seems mo/ suitable = v>i\s conditions ( fire & gr\nd 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#d774 ,! advance %\ld be /eady & det]m9$4 ,be=e />t+ ! advance f "o position to ano!r1 section comm&]s are to decide & mu/ tell ! m5 to :at po9t !y mean ! next advance to be made 7,i4,t41 #ajh 7#b771 9 ! same way z individual m5 7 taught to m>k _! next halt+ places4 ,att5tion mu/ be paid to ! way 9 :i* advances are inaugurat$4 ,ru%es mu/ be sudd5 & simultane\s 7,i4,t41 #ib 7#e774 ,! m5 h be5 tra9$ to leave _! cov] quickly4 ,! unit comm&] mu/ give 8 directions = ! next move )\t gett+ up 7if himself ly+7 & tell ! m5 to be prep>$2 :5 all are ready1 he & ! m5 mu/ jump up toge!r & ru% at once on ! ^w or signal4 ,! object ( ?is1 ( c\rse1 is to avoid a conc5trat$ fire be+ direct$ on ! unit comm&]1 &1 p]haps1 ! two or ?ree m5 ne>e/ him1 if !y get up be=e ! o!rs1 :i* w\ld make x likely t "s ( !m w\ld be hit imm$iately1 :ile ! re/ ( ! unit look$ = a new lead]1 & s no advance take place2 :]eas if ev]yone gets on ! move toge!r a casualty or two w n br+ ! :ole to a /&/ill4 ,( c\rse1 comm&]s %\ld lead ! way1 b !y mu/ get 9 front by spr9t+ ! fir/ few y>ds4 ,second ,phase3 ,"o ?\s& to ,six ,hundr$ ,y>ds 7,collective ,fire7 & ,six ,hundr$ to ,two ,hundr$ ,y>ds 7,individual ,fire74 ,z soon z a section beg9s to fire1 x becomes possible = x to practise ! lessons 9 ! use ( fire :i* 7 le>nt 9 ,ex]cise ,,iii41 su* z conc5tration & di/ribution ( fire4 ,f "o position ! comm&] mu/ *oose 8 next fire position1 & "w 8 section up to x 9 :atev] way is mo/ suitable4 ,on flat & op5 gr\nd ?is position may simply be ! halt+ place ( ! next ru%1 ?irty or =ty paces to ! front1 b x is m in/ructive & practical to h positions f> en\gh f ea* o!r1 say "o hundr$ & fifty or two hundr$ y>ds1 to necessitate ! advanc+ section mak+ sev]al successive ru%es & us+ v>i\s devices to ga9 gr\nd )\t attract+ ! enemy's att5tion4 ,practise sections 9 all ways ( advanc+ f "o position to ano!r1 z 0 done be=e fir+ began1 & enc\rage ! use ( cov]$ ways4 ,?is ex]cise1 if prop]ly done1 repres5ts :at ! section w\ld h to d 9 battle4 ,= ! purpose ( in/ruction1 ! unit comm&]s %\ld be all[$ to move ab\t z in/ructors1 b :5 all ranks h be5 ?r\gh ! ex]cise & "k :at is ne$$1 y %\ld practise x "u s]vice conditions1 & tell unit comm&]s to behave z if "u fire2 ?is is important1 z x lets all see h[ mu* w be ask$ ( ! individual man "u fire1 & h[ difficult x is to ex]cise any wide control4 ,= ! same reason y mu/ 9 ?is ex]cise beg9 ! practice ( ord]+ casualties ( lead]s1 & c>ry x on ?r\gh ! :ole ( ! re/ ( ! tra9+4 ,ord] section comm&]s to be casualties1 & let ! next s5ior man c>ry on1 !n ord] t man to become a casualty1 & let ! next "o take comm&4 ,collect ^! casualties ) y & let !m g r\nd ) y1 & h = a "t ! onlook]'s view ( ! game4 ,d n /9t 9 ord]+ !m1 b let e man be ready to take up comm&4 ,?is read9ess to assume comm& & to c>ry on ! advance 9 spite ( ! abs5ce ( lead]s is mo/ valuable 9 battle & on p>ade = tra9+1 keeps m5's att5tion fix$ on ! bus9ess1 & helps to c\nt]act disord] :5 companies & sections get mix$ up 9 re9=cem5t 9 battalion attack4 ,"u six hundr$ y>ds let ! m5 use individual fire1 *oos+ _! own t>gets2 at ?is "t try to get !m into ! way ( look+ = ! t>gets :i* mo/ require to be %ot at at ! mom5t--!y mu/ be always look+ along ! enemy's l9e1 & mu/ n acquire ! p>alys+ habit ( only see+ /raight 9 front ( !mselves4 ,call on unit comm&]s to keep 9 view ! "q ( exp5diture ( ammunition4 ,x is no good ord]+ m5 to snap-fire #bjj times 9 ! c\rse ( an advance :5 !y w\ld only h #ajj r\nds 9 _! p\*es on s]vice1 & no means ( gett+ m2 :5 blank is be+ us$ !y %\ld see t ! ammunition ( casualties is collect$ & r$i/ribut$4 ,at "s "t 9 ! c\rse ( ?is ex]cise ! section mu/ be practis$ 9 improv+ cov] z if "u fire1 i4e41 work+ ly+ d[n4 ,! nature ( ! "w dep5ds on :at tools y h1 b x %\ld be attempt$ if possible4 ,ord] ! section to d x :5 halt$ toge!r 9 "s fire position4 ,at fir/ !y w %ape badly & expose !mselves a lot1 b if y h "t = practice !y get into ! way ( digg+ 9 v quickly4 ,if !re are /ones pile up 8s*anzes40 ,att5tion %\ld be paid to concealm5t ( ! cov]1 s z n to make x a t>get = ! :ole c\ntryside1 & x mu/ give cov] f fire or view1 or bo?2 "o (t5 sees m5 mak+ molehills :i* %[ up _! position )\t be+ capable ( /opp+ a bullet4 ,bett] n make !m at all ?an t way4 ,w9d up ! advance occasionally by an assault1 z x is a mi/ake to let ! idea take hold t ! fire fight is ! end ( all ?+s4 ,?is1 ,i ?9k1 is ! reason t ! ^w 8skirmi%+0 has disappe>$ f ! book ( tra9+1 z x connot$ an indecisive action1 :]eas ! :ole _s ( ! pres5t tra9+ is t x %all be direct$ to ! deliv]y ( an assault & ! ou/+ ( ! enemy f 8 position4 ,sc\ts are ! only p :o may h to skirmi% 9 ! =m] accept$ mean+ ( ! ^w1 & !y only d s until ! fir+ l9e jo9s !m1 or !y )draw aft] reconnoitr+4 ,9 ,platoon4 ,next "w ! sections toge!r 9 _! platoons on simil> l9es4 ,practise aga9 all ways ( ga9+ gr\nd2 by ru%es ( ! :ole platoon1 or if "o or m sections1 man by man1 & s on1 z taught to ! section4 ,fire %\ld be direct$ by ! platoon comm&]1 & controll$ by ! section comm&]4 ,tea* ! lat]al di/ribution ( fire along a giv5 front among ! f\r sections ( ! platoon4 ,tea* also ! pr9ciple ( cov]+ fire1 "o section be+ s5t to make its way ) e use ( cov] to a =w>d fire position1 :ile ! rema9d] cont9ue fir+4 ,! fir/ section1 on arrival at ! new fire position1 op5s fire1 & ! o!rs foll[ 9 due c\rse1 "o section only be+ dumb :ile ! movem5t is 9 progress4 ,if !re is a *oice ( good l9es ( advance x is bett] t sections %\ld n foll[ ea* o!r on "o l9e1 z ! enemy may h notic$ ! move & be wait+ = !m4 ,,ex]cise ,,vi4 ,,! ,,section ,,& ,,platoon ,,9 ,,retirem5t4 ,= ! g5]al pr9ciples ( retirem5ts see ,i4,t41 #acg4 ,! platoon1 :5 work+ ) ! company1 w take its turn at be+ ! re>mo/ portion ( ! troops1 & w h ! difficult task ( gett+ away :ile 9 t\* ) ! enemy1 b its retirem5t w be cov]$ by ! fire ( o!r portions ( ! company4 ,on ! o!r h&1 if a platoon or section f9ds itself beyond support f o!r troops1 z might happ5 (t5 en\gh1 x w h to act itself z a re>gu>d & retire by alt]nate p>ts4 ,9 bo? cases great advantage is ga9$ if ! position held c be vacat$ s /eal?ily t ! enemy %all n be aw>e ( its hav+ be5 vacat$ till ! def5d]s are well on _! way to ! re>4 ,= ?is reason x w be wor? :ile to accu/om ! m5 to employ1 :5 practicable1 a proc$ure us$ 9 m\nta9 w>f>e1 )draw+ ! bulk ( m5 fir/ & leav+ only a few quick-foot$ m5 to keep up appe>ances & fire z long z possible & !n retir+ !m at spe$4 ,also all m5 mu/ be taught to grovel backw>ds on _! /oma*s f ! cre/ ( _! fire position till suffici5tly "u cov]1 if !re is cov]1 to /& up )\t be+ se51 aft] :i* !y rise & make (f4 ,s5d out ! skeleton enemy ) in/ructions to foll[ up ! retirem5t sl[ly1 & n to close 9 on ! sections1 z x is easy & tempt+ to d ?is :5 !re are no bullets 9 ! rifles4 7a7 ,z a ,section or ,platoon ,act+ ) ! ,company4 ,d ! practice fir/ by sections & !n 9 platoon4 ,draw up ! unit on a fire position ab\t eight hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy1 ! m5 9 ext5d$ ord]1 ly+ d[n1 & op5 fire on ! enemy4 ,tell ! comm&] to *oose 8 next halt+ place & retire 8 unit on x1 :i* he %\ld d on ! l9es be=e indicat$4 ,! halt+ places %\ld be *os5 z f> ap>t z two to f\r hundr$ y>ds2 %ort retirem5ts m]ely prolong ! "t exposure to fire & %\ld n be us$ unless ! enemy are v close or ! fire v heavy4 ,once ! m5 are cle> ( ! position1 !y %\ld move z fa/ z !y c1 tru/+ to escape casualties1 by spe$1 ! alt]ation ( range1 & ! fire ( ! few m5 left on ! position4 ,z a rule1 c>ry out all retirem5ts at ! d\ble1 s t ! m5 %all n be confus$ by ! ha/y movem5t4 ,z soon z ! fir/ p>ty has rea*$ ! new position1 ! fr+e ( m5 left on ! old "o %\ld creep back & g z h>d z !y c to rejo9 _! section or platoon1 & !y %\ld be taught to judge ! "t ( go+ = !mselves1 s z n to 8let 90 ! section or !mselves1 by go+ too e>ly or /ay+ too late4 ,repeat ! movem5t to "o or two fur!r positions4 ,x is a /r5u\s practice & makes dem&s on ! m5's limbs1 w9d1 & will+ness1 b ! re>gu>d is ! po/ ( hon\r & dang]4 ,ord] casualties ( lead]s f "t to "t1 & let ! m5 be call$ to move 9 quick "t sometimes1 :i* !y w\ld h to d if !re 7 signs ( un/ead9ess4 7b7 ,z a ,section or ,platoon ,act+ ,alone4 ,act on ! same l9es z be=e1 b let ! comm&] run ! %[1 :i* he %\ld be able to d1 aft] hav+ done x "u sup]vision4 ,"o p>ty 7a file or two 9 ! case ( a section1 or "o or two sections 9 t ( a platoon7 gets back to a fire position & op5s fire to cov] ! retirem5t ( ! o!r4 ,9 g5]al1 x is bett] t bo? p>ties %\ld n fall back on "o & ! same fire position2 on ! contr>y1 if !y act on a wide front 9 ord9>y c\ntry--say1 ?ree hundr$ y>ds ap>t--_! fire is equally effective1 b ! enemy is brok5 up1 & ! dang] ( _! be+ outflank$ or surr\nd$ is less4 ,= ! same reason x is good practice1 if ! platoon is /rong1 to s5d out gr\ps ( f\r or five m5 /ill fur!r on ! flanks1 & a gr\p to prec$e ! :ole on ! l9e ( retirem5t by six hundr$ y>ds or s1 9 ord] to occupy positions & d5y !m to ! enemy1 & aft] "o or two turns ( ?is ex]cise tell ! skeleton enemy to foll[ on h>d] & try to "w r\nd ! flanks4 ,9 ?is "p also cont9ue to ord] casualties ( lead]s4 ,,ex]cise ,,vii4 ,,! ,,section ,,& ,,platoon ,,9 ,,indep5d5t ,,attack4 ,x is v important to secure ! intellig5t co-op]ation ( section & platoon comm&]s 9 ! op]ations 9 :i* _! company or battalion is tak+ "p4 ,i h read t 9 ! ,russo-,japanese ,w> ! result ( "o ( ! battles--,i ?9k at ,p5l91 #ca/ ,july--turn$ on ! action ( an infantry section :o ga9$ a foot+ on ! extreme flank ( ! ,russian l9e1 & drove (f ! def5d]s 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity1 op5$ a way = ! advance ( ! great] numb]s1 & l$ to ! outflank+ & retreat ( ! :ole ,russian =ce4 ,if y give y\r unit comm&]s "s *ances ( c>ry+ out attacks1 act+ z if unsupport$ by o!r troops1 !y w f9d !mselves fac$ ) ! same problems :i* confront comm&]s ( l>g] bodies 9 ! attack1 & !y w be m likely1 :5 act+ 9 comb9ation1 to look beyond j ! limits ( _! own comm&s2 !y w be l$ to compreh5d ! object ( op]ations & ! difficulties 9 ! way1 & w become quick to seize any opportunity to fur!r ! g5]al plan )\t wait+ = ord]s4 ,x is true t s small a body z a section w\ld seldom be =mally told to attack an objective s+le-h&$1 b !re are (t5 occasions on s]vice :5 a platoon might h to c>ry out an attack on a small scale1 z :5 a few ( ! enemy's riflem5 are mak+ !mselves unpleasant1 :ile n 9 suffici5t =ce to d m ?an 8snipe10 or to require ! div]sion aga9/ !m ( a :ole company4 ,?\gh a section z n[ con/itut$ is a v small unit to "w )1 ,i ?9k no excuse is ne$$ = p]=m+ ! attack ) ! smalle/ unit1 hav+ 9 view ! excell5t tra9+ x =ms = non-commission$ (fic]s & m54 ,h[ev]1 = ?is practice1 x is advisable to =m sections some:at above ! usual /r5g?1 by jo9+ two toge!r1 s z to give at lea/ eighte5 rifles 9 ! :ole4 ,aft] hav+ put ! sections ?r\gh ! ex]cise1 y w1 ( c\rse1 let ! platoon comm&]s c>ry out ! attack ) _! platoons4 ,put out a skeleton enemy ( ?ree or f\r m5 = ea* platoon or section1 or "o only = all to attack 9 turn1 & po/ ?is enemy 9 "s comm&+ place1 ) a good field ( view & fire s t if possible ! unit %all h twelve to eight hundr$ y>ds to manuvre ov] be=e com+ to close qu>t]s4 ,z an example1 give out ! supposition t ?is enemy are a cavalry patrol ( ! enemy1 :o h dism\nt$ & are us+ _! rifles on ! company z x is on ! move f some:]e to some:]e else4 ,! section or platoon is ord]$ to drive !m (f1 neutralise _! fire1 or hold !m 9 *eck1 9 case !y %\ld be ! =]unn]s ( a great] numb]4 ,! enemy %\ld beg9 to fire on a signal f y 7) y\r flag71 :i* y %\ld give z y tell (f ! comm&] = ! duty4 ,if ! o!r units are to attack ! same enemy 9 turn1 y %\ld halt !m "u cov] or turn !m to ! re>1 s z n to see too mu* ( ! me?od ! fir/ lot *oose to c>ry out _! job4 ,! me?od ( ! attack w dep5d on ! nature ( ! gr\nd--:at suits "o case may n suit ano!r1 & !re may be two or ?ree c\rses op5 9 attack+ any "o position4 ,! comm&] %\ld accord+ly look well at ! gr\nd be=e decid+ h[ he w c>ry out ! attack1 b !re are c]ta9 pr9ciples common to attacks1 great or small1 :i* he %\ld put into practice4 ,he %\ld secure himself f int]ruption on 8 flanks & re>1 & he %\ld provide a support+ fire to di/ract ! enemy & cov] ! advance ( 8 ma9 =ce4 ,he _c make l>ge deta*m5ts or indulge 9 wide patroll+1 nor w\ld su* small bodies z platoons be s5t (f to attack if su* 7 advisable2 b1 at lea/ he c po/ a file or two on "s high gr\nd1 or1 fail+ t1 on "o flank out ( decisive range ( ! enemy1 i4e41 ab\t eight hundr$ y>ds f him1 ) ord]s to keep up a /eady fire until 8 advance masks _! fire4 ,?is w prev5t1 or at lea/ give w>n+ (1 an attempt to cut 9 on ! re>4 ,he may also s5d a file p]haps two or ?ree hundr$ y>ds to ei!r flank1 to move p>allel ) 8 advance & prev5t 8 be+ enfilad$ at %ort range1 if ! enemy %\ld be tactless en\gh to avail himself ( a *ance ( meet+ ! advance by a c\nt]-attack4 ,until he sees pretty well :at he has 9 front ( him1 he %\ld divide 8 p>ty into two1 s5d+ "o to engage ! enemy & keep+ ! o!r z a res]ve to support ! fir/ by fire if !y get into difficulties1 & to be available to c>ry on ! attack aft] ! o!r has got ! enemy well busy1 ei!r by re9=c+ x directly1 or1 bett] /ill1 by cont9u+ ! advance along a fre% l9e lead+ to "s position f :i* ! enemy c be f9ally turn$ out1 ei!r by fire or by a *>ge1 ! fir/ half jo9+ 9 & advanc+ z soon z ! enemy has turn$ 8 att5tion to ! new attack4 ,bo? p>ties %\ld keep sc\ts or a patrol ( "s sort out 9 front ( !m until ! =egr\nd is prov$ n to conta9 any hidd5 body ( ! enemy1 or until ! op5+ ( fire by _! own side makes x necess>y = ! sc\ts to m]ge into ! fir+ l9e4 ,i h se5 on s]vice a half-company g (f to take po/ z a piquet on a long ridge2 x neglect$ ! above precautions1 beyond hav+ "s sc\ts 9 front4 ,!re 7 f\r or five ( ! enemy on ! ridge1 & !y wait$ till ! sc\ts 7 close1 %ot "s d[n & drove ! o!rs to cov]1 & !n turn$ _! fire on to ! half-company1 :o 7 also driv5 to gr\nd1 &1 z !re 0 little cov]1 !y 7 ti$ up till set free by "s m infantry1 :o _h to be specially s5t (f to move along ! ridge4 ,_h ! half-company mov$ 9 two portions1 ! fir/ w\ld h conta9$ ?is weak enemy1 & ! re> p>ty c\ld easily h circl$ r\nd & got on to ! ridge f>!r along1 :i* w\ld at once h caus$ ! enemy to cle> out4 ,see ,f4,s4,r41 ,i41 ,i1 z to ! results ( ! violation ( ! pr9ciples ( lead+ troops1 & z !re9 direct$1 impress ! pr9ciples taught on ! m9ds ( y\r non-commission$ (fic]s1 :o are comm&]s1 albeit only ( platoons & sections4 ,,ex]cise ,,viii4 ,,! ,,platoon ,,z ,,an ,,advanc$ ,,gu>d ,,& ,,z ,a ,,flank ,,gu>d4 7a7 ,:5 ! company is on ! m>*1 x %\ld always be prec$$ by an advanc$ gu>d--ei!r a p>ty ( sc\ts1 or1 m usually1 by "o ( ! platoons4 ,aft] ! advanc$ gu>d comes 9 contact ) ! enemy its fur!r action becomes ei!r an attack to drive (f ! enemy1 or a def5ce to delay 8 advanc+1 accord+ to 8 /r5g? & tactics2 s ,i propose "h m]ely to indicate suitable =mations ( m>* 9 ord9>y1 i4e41 non-m\nta9\s c\ntry1 s t ! platoons may be practis$ 9 tak+ !m up )\t delay on be+ told (f = ! duty4 ,! ex]cise takes little "t1 & c be done on ! same p>ade z ! flank gu>d ex]cise4 ,an advanc$ gu>d may come "u ,are at any mom5t1 & to provide aga9/ surprise 7,f4,s4,r41 #fd71 its lead+ portions may move 9 ext5d$ ord]4 ,! duties are giv5 9 ,f4,s4,r41 #fh1 & apply q completely to s small a body z a platoon4 ,! platoon %\ld be divid$ into a vangu>d & a ma9 gu>d4 ,= ! vangu>d1 a common plan is simply to ext5d a section on ei!r side ( ! road1 b ,i pref] to divide ! section into ?ree patrols1 or m if /r5g? p]mits1 :o "w along 9 a g5]al l9e--"o to se>* ! road & its imm$iate vic9ity1 & "o on ea* side4 ,! nature ( ! c\ntry regulates ! bread? ( gr\nd ! c5tre patrol c se>* f ! road1 & ! di/ance to :i* ! o!rs are s5t out on ea* side4 ,! o!r sections foll[ z ma9 gu>d1 n s close z to be at once mix$ up ) ! vangu>d if fire is op5$ on ! latt]1 nor s f> z to be unable to support x quickly ) fire4 ,! advanc$ gu>d is responsible = keep+ t\* ) ! ma9 body 7! company7 7,f4,s4,r41 #fd 7#d771 b ! company comm&] %\ld satisfy himself t ?is is be+ done4 ,if view is re/rict$1 ! ma9 gu>d mu/ drop a connect+ file to keep connection4 ,?is file mu/ m>* ) _! be>ds on _! %\ld]s1 to see :at ! company is do+1 & let ! comm&] "k1 & also to signal to ! company1 if ! platoon has _h to halt4 ,if ! c\ntry is op51 ! comm&] %\ld /ill tell (f a file = ?is duty1 :o w m>* ) ! platoon1 b be cont9ually on ! look-out to ! re>4 ,! platoon comm&] ought1 ( c\rse1 to keep a wat* himself1 b may h o!r ?+s to att5d to1 & x is well to take precautions aga9/ ! platoon ei!r gett+ too f> 9 front or lett+ ! company get too close to x1 by m>*+ on :ile ! platoon is inve/igat+ "s suspici\s locality4 7b7 ,! ,platoon z a ,flank ,gu>d4 ,a platoon may sometimes be us$ z a flank gu>d1 z :5 a small convoy is on ! m>* ) only a company or two z escort4 ,flank gu>ds are dismiss$ 9 a few words 9 ,f4,s4,r41 #gj4 ,x is wor? :ile to practise !m once or twice to avoid delay 9 tak+ up ! =mation :5 ! m>* is be+ />t$1 or 9 improvis+ a me?od ( fight+ (f ! enemy if he attacks4 ,repres5t ! convoy or :atev] x is by a man ) a r$ flag to move along ! road2 ! platoon is !n to move along p>allel to ! road1 & f> en\gh (f to af=d protection f effective rifle fire1 i4e41 at lea/ eight hundr$ y>ds 9 op5 c\ntry4 ,! skeleton enemy %\ld be in/ruct$ to keep ab\t ! same di/ance aga9 on ! flank beyond ! platoon1 & to move along p>allel ) x )\t clos+ 91 op5+ fire on an agre$ signal4 ,! m>* =mation %\ld be on ! same pr9ciples z ^? = ! advanc$ gu>d4 ,! platoon %\ld move 9 two bodies1 & patrols or sc\ts %\ld prec$e x1 bo? 9 ! direction ( ! m>* & t[>ds ! flank :i* is be+ gu>d$4 ,x is important to keep t\* ) ! ma9 body by connect+ files at all times1 o!rwise if ! road *anges direction out ( view ( ! flank gu>d x may sep>ate !m too f> or br+ !m too close to ! company4 ,! me?od ( fight+ m]ely to hold (f ! enemy resembles t us$ by a re> gu>d = ! same purpose1 i4e41 fire & movem5t by alt]nate portions4 ,:5 ! enemy op5s fire on y\r signal1 ! patrol on ! flank ei!r falls back1 or ! platoon re9=ces x4 ,! patrol 9 ! l9e ( advance %\ld /ill cont9ue to prec$e ! movem5ts ( ! platoon 9 t direction1 & %\ld be told to con=m to its movem5t4 ,! platoon replies to ! enemy's fire z soon z possible & beg9s ! lat]al fight--"o half is s5t1 if possible "u cov]1 to take up a fire position f>!r along ! direction ( ! l9e ( m>*1 prec$$ by ! patrol1 :i*1 to "s ext5t1 secures x f surprise f t direction4 ,z soon z ! lead+ p>ty has f\nd a fire position & op5s its fire1 ! o!r foll[s x1 & ei!r halts alongside x1 s all[+ x to g (f to a new position1 or cont9ues its movem5t beyond x & takes up a ?ird position to cov] ! fur!r movem5ts4 ,! latt] me?od is ! quick]1 z x saves ! "t ( replac+ m5 ( ! fir/ p>ty 9 _! fire position by ^? ( ! second4 ,! ex]cise ne$ n be prolong$1 z a few ( ^! lat]al movem5ts are q suffici5t illu/ration to enable ! m5 9 future to take up _! duty quickly4 ,,ex]cise ,,ix4 ,,prelim9>y ,,= ,,! ,,attack ,,by ,,! ,,company ,,9 ,,battalion4 ,a company attack+ z "p ( ! battalion is sure to f9d ! m5 ( diff]5t platoons mix$ up 9 ! c\rse ( ! attack ) ^? ( o!r platoons1 bo? ( t company & ( o!rs4 ,be=e practis+ ! attack1 accompani$ ) ?is mixture ( platoons1 x is advisable to tra9 !m & _! non-commission$ (fic]s = _! duties )\t all[+ any mix+ up4 ,?is may be done by br++ all ! platoons ( ! company up into "o l9e1 & !n ext5d+ ea* on its own gr\nd4 ,! result is t ea* platoon may be tak5 to repres5t ! lead+ platoon ( f\r companies told (f to furni% ! fir+ l9e & supports 7,i4,t41 #abb74 ,! f\r platoons =m ?us ! fir+ l9e1 ! o!r ?ree supposititi\s platoons ( ea* company be+ 9 support4 ,?is =mation w\ld be tak5 up :5 ! enemy's rifle fire began to be effective1 i4e41 at or "u f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds4 ,)9 ?is di/ance ! fir+ l9e has to press on ?r\gh ! zones 9 :i* x uses collective & individual fire up to assault+ di/ance1 be+ re9=c$ z ne$$1 fir/ly by ! supports1 & f9ally at ! "t ( ! assault by all or "p ( ! local res]ve1 :i*1 9 ?is case1 w\ld be compos$ ( ! f\r companies ( ! battalion n detail$ to furni% ! fir+ l9e & supports4 ,put out a skeleton enemy ) ord]s to rema9 9 "o position1 & fire sl[ly1 b cont9u\sly4 ,draw up ! f\r platoons1 or z _m z are pres5t ( ! company at f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds or s f ! enemy1 9 "o l9e & at suffici5t int]vals to all[ ( _! ext5d+ to five paces1 plus "s space betwe5 flanks ( sections aft] ext5sion1 to all[ pl5ty ( *oice ( l9es ( advance4 ,indicate to ea* platoon a "p ( ! enemy's position :i* x is to reg>d z its f9al objective ( assault 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#c774 ,h ! m5 ext5d$ to five paces1 & c>ry out ! attack "r ?r\gh on ! l9es ( ,ex]cise ,v41 & f9i% ) an assault & rally aft] x4 ,ea* company w\ld h an (fic] ) its platoon 9 ! fir+ l9e to direct ! fire4 ,if fire is op5$ betwe5 f\rte5 hundr$ & "o ?\s& y>ds1 x w n be effective aga9/ ord9>y t>gets unless ! :ole f\r platoons direct _! fire on ! same t>get4 ,"u "o ?\s& y>ds fire %\ld be controll$ by section comm&]s & direct$ by platoon comm&]s4 ,practise conc5tration ( ! fire ( ! f\r platoons on "o "p ( ! enemy's l9e & lat]al di/ribution ( fire )9 ! limits ( t "p4 ,give ea* platoon a fraction ( ?is fraction ( ! enemy's frontage to deal )1 & let ! platoon comm&] aga9 tell (f 8 sections to fire at v>i\s m>ks inside 8 limits4 ,aga9 swit* ! fire ( all f\r platoons on to "s o!r p>ticul> bit ( ! enemy's position1 z done 9 previ\s ex]cises4 ,to d ?is y mu/ introduce & "w ) ?or\ghness a sy/em ( int]-communication 7,i4,t41 #aai71 b x %\ld be "o approv$ & adopt$ by y\r battalion comm&]1 o!rwise ea* company ( ! battalion may be f\nd us+ a diff]5t "o4 ,x is to be und]/ood t ord]s z to ! direction ( fire 9 no way int]f]e ) ! ga9+ ( gr\nd to ! front1 a platoon fir+ at "o object ceases fire 9 ord] to advance1 b resumes its fire on ! same object :5 x aga9 halts4 ,z soon z section fire is op5$1 enc\rage mutual support1 "s "p ( ! l9e fir+ :ile o!rs advance1 & make section comm&]s cont9ue to obs]ve ?is pr9ciple4 ,at "s "o p>ade = ?is ex]cise halt ! :ole l9e dur+ ! attack & practise entr5*+ "u fire1 ! m5 work+ ly+ d[n 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#ac774 ,!reaft] resume ! advance4 ,move ab\t y\rself & let y\r section comm&]s d s also1 & *eck any slov5ly "w on ! "p ( ! m5 9 us+1 quitt+1 or gett+ into cov]1 & 9 ! use ( _! rifles & judg+ di/ance if1 z %\ld (t5 be done1 x is left to !m to e/imate h[ f> !y are f ! t>get ( ! mom5t4 ,,ex]cise ,x4 ,,! ,,company ,,9 ,,attack ,,) ,,! ,,battalion ,,"u ,,artill]y ,,fire4 ,:5 ! battalion is mov+ =w>d to attack1 & be=e ! enemy's rifle fire is m ?an a di/ant & future dang]1 t ( 8 artill]y becomes an imm95t & =midable m5ace z soon z ! limits ( its range are cross$1 because ( ! sudd5ness ) :i* x is capable ( deal+ de/ruction4 ,:e!r 8 artill]y actually op5s on ! battalion is ano!r matt]4 ,if ! battalion %[s up z a tempt+ t>get 9 column ( r\te or mass1 he mo/ c]ta9ly w fire on x1 b if x is skilfully l$ x may possibly escape 8 notice altoge!r2 at ! same "t1 x is h>dly likely t x c move f five ?\s& to f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy's infantry )\t giv+ "s indications ( its movem5t1 & ! probability is1 t at "s "p ( ! advance x w f9d itself ! recipi5t ( ! enemy's att5tion4 ,to escape ! effect ( ?is fire1 ! battalion & ! company w h to break up into small %all[ columns su* z platoons or sections at lea/ #ej y>ds f ea* o!r lat]ally 7,i4,t41 #aah7 & two hundr$ y>ds f front to re>2 9 fact1 a lot ( little gr\ps ( m5 suffici5tly ap>t to prev5t ! bur/ ( "o %ell cov]+ m ?an "o gr\p4 ,! advance 9 ?is ord] con/itutes ! fir/ phase ( ! infantry attack4 ,! company mu/ be practis$ 9 gett+ into ?is =mation1 & mov+ 9 x s z to avoid confusion 9 action1 & also to let non-commission$ (fic]s & m5 und]/& t ?is =mation does n free !m f ! control ( _! comm&]4 ,at manuvres & ex]cises ! adoption ( ?is =mation is sometimes burk$ on v>i\s pretexts1 ( :i* ! mo/ he9\s is to say t ! results ( artill]y fire are ov]rat$1 & ! risk run 9 keep+ 9 clos$ =mation is m ?an comp5sat$ = by ! com=t ( ! m51 ma9t5ance ( control & sav+ ( "t4 ,?is !ory ,i fancy _h its orig9 9 ! ,s\? ,african ,w>1 :]e ! ,bo] artill]y 0 skilful b exigu\s1 if judg$ by ,european /&>ds4 ,i h n be5 "u %ell fire myself1 b ,i h se5 ! results ( x on a column ( ab\t two hundr$ m5 :o came along a wat]c\rse two ?\s& y>ds or s f ! guns1 9 some?+ resembl+ a m>* =mation4 ,! guns _h ! range1 & ! enemy left ab\t fifty dead 9 t wat]c\rse 9 a few m9utes1 s p]sonally ,i am go+ to op5 out my company & tru/ to my peace tra9+ ( x to keep x 9 h& & get x along fa/ en\gh to be on ! spot :5 want$4 ,i ne$ h>dly give details h[ to practise ?is4 ,! po9t is1 to get ! company op5$ out quickly & )\t confusion1 & ?is is to be done by tell+ y\r platoon comm&]s :at y want & :]e !y are to g1 & n by any drill4 ,platoons may fur!r split up into columns ( sections4 ,leave x to y\r platoon comm&]s to h ! sections mov$ ap>t to int]vals ( fifty y>ds4 ,if ! enemy's artill]y is /raight 9 front1 a diamond =mation seems suitable--a platoon at ea* angle--! l5g? ( ! diagonal front to re> be+ ov] two hundr$ y>ds & side to side ov] "o hundr$2 or ! platoons may simply foll[ ea* o!r at two hundr$ y>ds di/ance1 ?\gh ?is is n a v h&y arrangem5t4 ,b1 subject to keep+ ! di/ances l>ge en\gh1 x is n ! =mation t matt]s1 b ! way x is tak5 up1 & ,i w leave x at t4 ,at ! end ( ?is phase ( endurance ( ! enemy's artill]y fire ! company comes "u rifle fire & has to take to ext5d$ ord]1 & on s]vice x w\ld p]haps h to d ?is & plunge into ! attack )\t ! platoons clos+ 9 f ! scatt]$ =mation 9 :i* !y h s f> mov$4 ,b = ! fir/ few times y %\ld close up at f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds & />t f !re1 s z to tell ! m5 :at is next to be done :5 !y come "u rifle fire1 & 9 any case ! size ( y\r ex]cise gr\nd w\ld probably necessitate y\r do+ ! two phases ov] m or less ! same bit ( gr\nd4 ,,ex]cise ,,xi4 ,,! ,,company ,,9 ,,attack ,,) ,,! ,,battalion1 ,,"u ,,rifle ,,fire4 ,! imm$iate objects ( ! fire fight )9 effective rifle range are to produce a fire suffici5tly heavy to ov]come ! fire ( ! def5ce1 & to rea* a position f :i* ! assault c be deliv]$ 7,i4,t41 #aba 7#e & #f774 ,9 !ory1 !n1 ! desid]atum is to get s _m m5 up to ab\t two hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy t !y =m a l9e practically %\ld] to %\ld]1 9 ord] t _! fire may be at lea/ z heavy z t ( ! enemy1 if ! latt] are also 9 "o cont9u\s l9e1 & 9 default ( circum/ances admitt+ ( effective cov]+ fire be+ ma9ta9$ f positions 9 re> or on a flank4 ,on ?is supposition x is frequ5tly argu$ t a battalion & its companies1 :5 advanc+ to ! attack1 %\ld d s on a front n great] ?an t :i* ! battalion w\ld occupy if x 7 9 s+le rank1 b ?is does n really foll[4 ,! nature ( ! gr\nd may be su* t to attempt to build up a %\ld]-to-%\ld] fir+ l9e all along ! enemy's position )9 *>g+ di/ance1 may be m]ely to s5d m5 to useless de/ruction by expos+ !m on fire-swept spaces1 :]e !y are sure to be knock$ ov] be=e !y c d any good4 ,on ! o!r h&1 !re may be o!r po9ts :]e m5 may be mass$ s z to give n only a fir+ l9e ( maximum d5sity1 b also a support+ =ce bo? to replace casualties & to c>ry out ! assault4 ,^! are ! po9ts :i* x is ( importance to ga9 & hold 9 /r5g? suffici5t to c>ry out ! object ( ! attack--! assault4 ,x is ! duty ( ! battalion comm&] to give ea* ( 8 fir+ l9e companies "s su* po9t z _! objective1 & to def9e ! frontage & direction ( _! attack4 ,x is simil>ly ! duty ( ! comm&] ( a fir+ l9e company to give ea* ( 8 sections an objective )9 ! limits assign$ to 8 company 7,i4,t41 #abb 7#d7 & #abc 7#c-774 ,! problem = solution is1 h[ to get to ^? po9ts1 & s x does n appe> to matt] mu* :at frontage ! battalion & its companies occupy :5 !y />t (f = ! attack at ! f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds limit ( effective rifle fire1 provid$ ( c\rse1 !y d n encroa* on ! frontage ( o!r units4 ,inde$1 an attack :i* />ts on a wide base & conc5trates only 9 its lat] /ages seems mu* m likely ?an "o :i* />ts f base equal to a s+le rank frontage to keep ! enemy unc]ta9 ( its objective1 & to be able to br+ oblique or enfilade fire to be> on portions ( 8 l9e4 ,!re=e1 :5 practis+ ! company 9 attack1 d n be b\nd by ca/ iron rules z to ! bread? ( ! zone ( gr\nd )9 :i* y are to br+ y\r company f f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds up to ! *>g+ position4 ,f\r platoons foll[+ "o /raight beh9d ! o!r1 at two hundr$ y>ds di/ance1 make a v unwieldy procession1 &1 9 g5]al1 ,i w\ld advise y to use some?+ 9 ! nature ( a diamond =mation at fir/1 ! ?ree platoons 9 re> mak+ _! own way =w>d till !y re9=ce ! lead+ portion :i* f9ally consi/s ( ! :ole company4 ,put out ! skeleton enemy on a front (1 r\ghly1 :at y\r company w occupy 9 s+le rank1 & let ! position1 if possible1 h )9 x two1 or at mo/1 ?ree po9ts1 :i* y c assign z objectives to ! platoon comm&]s4 ,y mu/ consid] ?is position z hav+ be5 assign$ to y z objective by y\r battalion comm&]1 ! gr\nd on ! "r & left ( x be+ ! prey ( o!r companies1 & n ! object ( y\r assault1 ?\gh x %\ld1 nev]!less1 frequ5tly be ! object ( y\r fire dur+ ! advance4 ,draw up ! company at ab\t f\rte5 hundr$ y>ds f ! enemy4 ,tell ! platoon comm&]s ! relative positions ! platoons are to take up :5 ! advance beg9s1 r\ghly ! di/ances betwe5 !m 7,i4,t41 #abc 7#g771 ! direction ( ! attack1 if ! enemy's position is n q cle>ly to be se51 ! frontage on :i* ! company is free to manuvre1 & ! po9ts :i* ! sections are to reg>d z _! objectives2 ! details conta9$ 9 ,i4,t41 #abc & #abd1 may also be enum]at$ if ! comm&]s are n exp]i5c$4 ,z reg>ds ^! details1 ,i recomm5d t sc\ts be =m$ n 9 a l9e ( m5 ext5d$ at wide int]vals1 b z a l9e ( patrols ( f\r or six m5 ea*1 & y or a subalt]n %\ld halt !m e>ly 9 ! attack & tell !m to s5d back ^w t !y are held up by fire1 or t !y h def9$ ! enemy's position2 on ?is ! ne>e/ platoon re9=ces !m1 & ! process ( build+ up ! fir+ l9e beg9s f t po9t4 ,z reg>ds int]-communication1 use connect+ files & semaphore signall+ to jo9 up ! v>i\s p>ts & make real use ( !m1 b avoid %am messages4 ,z soon z ! object & mann] ( ! attack h be5 detail$ to all1 tell ! platoon comm&]s to move (f _! platoons to _! positions & ext5d !m ready to advance1 & ! sc\ts to get (f 9 front4 ,five paces is ! lea/ ext5sion to ensure t a bullet aim$ at "o man may miss him ) a fair *ance ( n hitt+ 8 neighb\r4 ,d n let ! sc\ts g too f> away1 because at ?is "t ( gett+ to grips ) ! enemy1 _! usefulness1 :5 act+ ) _! companies is ma9ly limit$ to gu>d+ aga9/ ambu% at close range1 & z gr\nd sc\ts to prev5t ! company com+ aga9/ "s unse5 ob/acle1 b>b$ wire1 donga1 canal1 or :at n4 ,z soon z all are 9 position1 ! company may be consid]$ z be+ 9 ! =mation 9 :i* x w\ld h arriv$ at ! po9t :]e1 9 addition to ! enemy's artill]y fire1 x comes "u heavy & fairly accurate rifle fire4 ,give ! signal to advance1 & let ! platoon comm&]s beg9 to "w _! platoons =w>d1 us+ :at cov]$ ways !y c f9d4 ,aft] a little ( ?is1 h ! sc\ts halt$ & re9=ce !m by "o platoon1 ord] fire to be op5$1 be>+ 9 m9d t "o platoon's fire is probably useless at ov] "o ?\s& y>ds f ! enemy1 b if y\r company is 9 ! diamond =mation ! platoons on ea* flank w probably be able to fire1 & ) fav\rable gr\nd1 e4g41 a knoll1 or bluff some:]e on ! l9e ( advance1 ! re> platoon also w be able to fire ov] ! heads ( ! fir+ l9e4 ,!re is no dang] 9 ?is if ! m5 hold _! rifles /raight1 & x w\ld assur$ly be done 9 w>4 ,i h myself se5 x1 & ! *ances ( an accid5t are m9imis$ by practice 9 peace4 ,dur+ ?is e>ly op5+ ( fire use e ef=t to keep ! fire f be+ m]ely a make-believe1 i4e41 s5d ^w r\nd by y\r connect+ files or semaphore to fire at c]ta9 t>gets1 & see t section comm&]s direct _! fire accord+ly4 ,9 battle ! in=mation z to :i* "p ( ! enemy's position seem$ mo/ to dem& att5tion w\ld1 ( c\rse1 rea* y f ^? ( y\r side :o 7 suff]+ fire com+ f t "p ( ! position1 & ! result ( y\r pass+ ! ^w to fire at x z above w\ld be t a %[] ( bullets w\ld come dropp+ all r\nd x1 to ! upsett+ ( ! aim ( ! ho/ile m>ksm54 ,"u cov] ( ?is fire y\r fir+ l9e may be all[$ to ga9 a little gr\nd1 platoons mov+ alt]nately s z to avoid a cessation ( fire4 ,!reaft] cont9ue to ga9 gr\nd1 & gradually re9=ce ! fir+ l9e till all y\r supports are absorb$ & ! :ole company is 9 ! fir+ l9e4 ,:5 ?is has tak5 place ! l9e w consi/ ( a mixture ( m5 ( diff]5t sections & platoons4 ,avoid unreal movem5ts 9 attempt+ to keep ! m5 ( ea* unit toge!r 9 re9=c+ & recognise t admixture is unavoidable4 7,i4,t41 #ic 7#aa7 & #abc 7#i774 ,! organis+ ( ! resultant disord] is "o ( ! ess5tial objects ( tra9+ = ! attack4 ,make y\r section comm&]s call on ! m5 to "r & left ( !m1 if !y are ne>] !m ?an any o!r unit comm&]1 to act "u _! ord]s4 ,?us3 8,private ,a to ,private ,j "u my ord]s40 ,h ?is done con/antly till x becomes a matt] ( c\rse4 ,! m5 ( files c always hang toge!r1 b prove t ?is is be+ done by ask+ m5 :]e _! file mates are4 ,get ?is sy/em />t$ z soon z re9=cem5t is begun1 & keep x 9 full sw+ ?r\gh\t4 ,once x is />t$1 ^! extemporiz$ fire units mu/ apply ! pr9ciples le>nt by ! intact sections & squads 9 ,ex]cise ,,ix41 i4e41 support+ fire by "p to cov] movem5t ( ! o!rs1 control & di/ribution ( fire1 etc41 & s "w on up to assault+ di/ance & deliv] an assault4 ,aft] ?is1 let section & platoon comm&]s re=m _! m5 & units z quickly z possible1 & !n re=m ! company "u y\r own ord]s4 ,at subsequ5t p>ades introduce casualties among ! section & platoon comm&]s1 & let ! s5ior privates 9 ea* ( ! mix$ up fire units /ep into _! places & c>ry on ! attack )\t halt or confusion4 ,,ex]cise ,,xii4 ,,! ,,company ,,9 ,,attack ,,act+ ,,alone4 ,on s]vice a company may (t5 h to attack "s po/ ( ! enemy )\t hav+ ! support ( ei!r artill]y or infantry1 & ex]cises fram$ to illu/rate ^! conditions are v useful 9 develop+ ! initiative ( all ranks4 ,9 p>agraph ,v4 ( ! preamble ,i gave an example1 & ,i ?9k1 if y w p]use x aga91 y w see :at sort ( ?+ y %\ld arrange = ! ex]cise4 ,at inspections "o sometimes sees a company s5t (f by itself to c>ry out su* an attack1 & ! me?od (t5 adopt$ is to tell (f ! company into ! fir+ l9e & supports1 &1 p]haps1 a res]ve4 ,! :ole !n g /raight = ! object & p]=m a sort ( trave/y ( :at ! company does :5 act+ z "p ( a battalion4 ,by ?is "t ,i tru/ y w be quick to p]ceive t ?is is j :at x ought n to d4 ,z an isolat$ =ce x has to d mu* m ?an simply to =m a fir+ l9e & br+ (f an assault4 ,x mu/ secure its flanks1 h a real res]ve1 employ a flank z well z a frontal attack1 provide = its own )drawal if wor/$1 be prep>$ to deal ) a c\nt]-attack1 & obs]ve all ! pr9ciples laid d[n 9 ,i4,t41 #aba4 ,mutatis mut&is1 y\r res]ve may consi/ ( only a platoon1 y\r flank gu>ds a file or two ( m51 y\r flank attacks a section or platoon ) a subalt]n accompany+ x1 & s on1 b ! precautions mu/ be tak5 & ! pr9ciples put into practice1 or y\r attack w\ld run risk ( failure4 ,y w\ld d x all on s]vice2 !re=e1 d x all 9 peace4 ,c>ry out su* ex]cises1 c>efully plann$1 & ) obs]vance ( s]vice conditions1 & ,i am q sure y w see :at a great deal !re is to be done 9 ?is direction be=e y feel y\rself & y\r company q compet5t to und]take a simil> task 9 ! field4 ,t fir/ ex]cise aga9/ a skeleton enemy w be ! =]unn] ( _m o!rs4 ,y\r criticism ( ! action ( y\r non-commission$ (fic]s mu/ be c>efully consid]$1 z !re are usually sev]al ju/ifiable ways ( do+ a ?+1 & x %\ld always be con/ructive & n m]ely de/ructive 7,t4 ,m4,r41 #b 7#b774 ,,ex]cise ,,xiii4 ,,! ,,company ,,9 ,,retirem5t4 ,! m5 h be5 practis$ 9 retirem5t 9 pairs 9 ,ex]cise ,,ii41 & ! sections & platoons h also le>n$ _! "p 9 ,ex]cise ,,vi4 ,x rema9s to tra9 ! company = ?is duty1 :i* x might h to d ei!r z act+ z re>gu>d to ! battalion1 :e!r ! latt] 01 or 0 n1 9 conjunction ) o!r troops1 or z if effect+ its )drawal :5 isolat$4 ,9 bo? cases ! proc$ure & di/ribution are pretty mu* alike4 ,9 ! =m] case1 ! company1 if x gets into difficulties1 may be able to get help f ! re/ ( ! =ce1 b 9 ! latt] x w n be able to d s1 & ! comm&] %\ld be especially c>eful to h 9 h& "s portion ( 8 company :i* he c use to extricate any deta*m5t :i* gets 8ti$ up40 ,on ! o!r h&1 x is v desirable t ! ma9 body %\ld n be call$ on to re9=ce ! re>gu>d :5 ! company is n act+ alone4 ,s t 9 bo? cases y %\ld be prep>$ to meet ev5tualities f y\r own res\rces4 ,aga91 a re>gu>d is b\nd to h ! majority ( its =ce 9 action 9 ord] to hold back ! enemy & pres5t an appe>ance ( =ce1 s t x is n always possible to set ap>t a portion ( s small a body z a company to act solely z res]ve1 & to rema9 cont9u\sly outside ! actual combat4 ,! solution ( ! difficulty seems to lie 9 an intellig5t application ( ! pr9ciples ( re>gu>d fight+ giv5 9 ,f4,s4,r41 #ga to #gc1 & ! e>ly b time\s )drawal f ! fight+ l9e ( a portion ( ! company :o move back to a position 9 re> f :i* !y c cov] ! )drawal ( ! rema9d]1 b are /ill available to be ?r[n into ! fight1 if x is necess>y to inaugurate "s sort ( a c\nt] attack to give portions heavily engag$ a *ance to break away f close grips4 ,x is important 9 ?is ex]cise to tea* non-commission$ (fic]s & m5 to be ready to adopt quickly any me?od ( )drawal t may be ord]$1 because ! nature ( ! gr\nd mu/ det]m9e ! way 9 :i* a )drawal c be/ be effect$1 & ! nature ( ! gr\nd may v>y e few hundr$ y>ds4 ,!re=e ,i m]ely sugge/ "s ways ( practis+ retirem5ts1 & dur+ ! c\rse ( ! ex]cise y %\ld *ange f "o to ano!r1 & also enc\rage comm&]s to act on _! own initiative1 :51 z w probably happ51 y\r sy/em ( int]-communication fails to act ) suffici5t spe$ & accuracy4 ,i4,t41 #acg1 gives g5]al rules z to ! action ( platoons & sections1 & ! /&>d set up 9 ,ex]cises ,,ii4 & ,,vi4 %\ld be adh]$ to4 ,s5d out ! skeleton enemy ) ord]s to foll[ up ! retirem5t1 b n to close 9 "u six hundr$ y>ds4 7a7 ,get ! :ole company deploy$ into "o l9e ( platoons1 ) int]vals betwe5 !m1 occupy+ a wide front1 f\r to eight hundr$ y>ds1 ! m5 at five or m paces ext5sion4 ,?is may seem too wide a front1 b1 aft] all1 ! int]vals betwe5 ! platoons are only two hundr$ & =ty y>ds1 & an enemy try+ to break /raight ?r\gh ! l9e w\ld be "u fire at "o hundr$ & tw5ty y>ds or less1 :ile a wide front is ! be/ precaution aga9/ hav+ y\r flanks turn$ & y\r retreat int]cept$4 ,s5d back a platoon f "o ( ! flanks to take up quickly a position 9 re> cle> away f ! fir+ l9e2 ?ree hundr$ to six hundr$ y>ds is n too mu*2 let x op5 fire1 & let ! rema9d] ( ! fir+ l9e "w back by retirem5t ( alt]nate sections1 ea* runn+ back ?irty or =ty y>ds1 beg9n+ ?is movem5t f ! flank f :i* ! fir/ platoon w5t1 ! platoon on ! o!r flank hold+ on & only giv+ gr\nd :5 ! two c5tre platoons h got well on _! way to ! l9e on :i* ! fir/ platoon is halt$4 ,?is is a sl[ retirem5t1 b gives a maximum ( cont9u\s fire & ! flanks are /rong4 7b7 ,) ! :ole company ext5d$ 9 "o l9e1 & no int]vals betwe5 platoons4 ,retire by %ort ru%es ( alt]nate sections2 ! ru%es mu/ be q %ort1 tw5ty y>ds at mo/1 s t ! sections t h retir$ c fire ?r\gh ! int]vals ( ! re> portion ( ! l9e ! in/ant t x beg9s to retire4 ,?is is meant = use aft] an unsuccessful assault1 & only on flat gr\nd4 7c7 ,) ! company ext5d$ 9 "o l9e1 b ) int]vals betwe5 ! platoons4 ,ord] ! flank platoons to retire & take po/ to cov] ! )drawal ( ! two c5tre platoons1 :o rema9 9 position till ! flank platoons are ready to op5 fire4 ,wat* h[ ! platoon comm&]s h&le _! platoons2 !y %\ld d s artfully1 z taught 9 ,ex]cise ,,vi4 7d7 ,retire by half-companies1 two platoons toge!r1 us+ y\r subalt]ns z half-company comm&]s1 & putt+ ! onus ( f9d+ suitable cov]+ positions on !m1 m]ely tell+ !m to cov] ea* o!r's retirem5t4 7e7 ,) ! company all hold+ "o position1 leave ! sc\ts or pick$ m5 to cov] ! retirem5t by rapid fire1 & )draw ! rema9d] at full spe$1 !n cov] ! retirem5t ( ! sc\ts by ! fire ( ! :ole f a position 9 re>4 ,wat* t ! sc\ts creep back f _! cov] )\t lett+ ! enemy "k !y are go+2 & ( ?is scre5 ( sc\ts ! flank m5 ought usually to be ! la/ to g 9 ord] to make ! enemy believe t ! position is /ill occupi$4 ,,ex]cise ,,xiv4 ,,outpo/s4 ,i4 ,! g5]al rules = outpo/s & ! "p play$ by an outpo/ company are to be f\nd 9 ,i4,t41 #adg to #aeg1 & x is necess>y accord+ly to tra9 = ^? duties 9 peace4 ,let u beg9 f ! beg9n+1 & see :at infantry outpo/s are & :at !y h to d4 ,a l9e ( infantry outpo/s w v (t5 h to be tak5 up aft] a day's fight+1 or 9 close proximity to ! enemy be=e a battle4 ,! comm&] ( an outpo/ battalion w be told by ! /aff to take up ) 8 battalion a c]ta9 l5g? ( ! front1 say1 f ,f>m ,a to ,hill ,b1 inclusive--p]haps a mile or ev5 two 9 ext5t4 ,he _c possibly h "t to ride all along ! front & fix places = piquets & s5tries4 ,in/ead ( ?is1 he looks at ! gr\nd & comes to ! conclusion t x w require1 say1 all 8 f\r companies 9 ! outpo/ l9e4 ,he divides up 8 front into f\r p>ts1 & gives ea* ( 8 companies "o "p4 ,x is 8 duty to see t ! eight companies =m along ! l9e t comb9es ! be/ facilities = def5ce & reconnaissance to ! front4 ,accord+ly1 he tells ! capta9 ( ,a ,company to take f ,f>m ,a to1 say1 ! wood ,x1 inclusive1 ! capta9 ( ,b ,company f ! wood ,x1 exclusive1 to1 say1 ! /ream ,,ml1 inclusive1 & s along4 ,! capta9s ( companies !n h to g (f & take up _! frontages4 ,z be=esaid1 infantry outpo/s mu/ expect to take up _! l9e close to ! enemy1 & (t5 :5 dusk is fall+4 ,?is gives y y\r clue z to h[ x %\ld be done4 ,y mu/ m>* y\r company 9 fight+ =mation1 s z n to be ambu%$--a scre5 ( sc\ts or o!r cov]+ troops 9 front & on ! flanks1 a p>ty1 section1 or platoon ready to succ\r ! cov]+ p>ty1 & hold up ! enemy1 & a res]ve ready to act "u y\r ord]s1 ei!r = attack or def5ce4 ,y\r movem5t & ! tak+ up ( y\r l9e %\ld be unse5 by ! enemy2 !re=e1 move c>efully "u cov] bo? f di/ant & close positions1 f :i* y may be se54 ,! l9e mu/ be tak5 up quickly4 ,! ma9 ?+ is to get x occupi$2 !re=e1 x is a mi/ake to halt ! company :ile y plod r\nd ! :ole ( ! front & plan j :]e ea* piquet & s5try w be4 ,in/ead1 take a good look at ! l9e z y m>* & decide :at are ! ess5tial po9ts to be held = def5ce & z obs]vation po9ts4 ,z soon z y\r sc\ts h made good ! gr\nd a little 9 front ( ^? po9ts1 s5d (f :at y ?9k are necess>y1 sections or platoons1 to seize ^! po9ts1 & act z piquets till y g r\nd & adju/ details4 ,?us y\r company w occupy ! l9e 9 r\gh-&-ready fa%ion z quickly z !y c advance4 ,:5 ! company breaks up to g to ! piquet po/s1 g ) any "o ( ! piquets :i* is to be on "o flank & settle ! exact position ( ! piquet ) ref]5ce to ! l9e y int5d to hold z y\r l9e ( resi/ance1 & any o!r details :i* y ?9k ! piquet comm&] %\ld att5d to1 su* z :at localities %\ld be patroll$1 & e/imate ! numb] ( m5 requir$4 ,any surplus sections %\ld accompany y f ?is piquet1 & y & !y !n g along ! l9e to ! o!r piquets :i* y arrange simil>ly1 us+ ! surplus to re9=ce ^? piquets t ne$ !m1 & if at ! end y h /ill a surplus ( m5 y may ei!r =m !m z a support 9 re> or dismiss !m to rema9 ) _! own platoons4 ,= purposes ( mess+ on s]vice ! latt] is conv5i5t1 b1 tactically1 a support is (t5 ne$$1 9 :i* case ! m5's com=t mu/ take second place4 ,y mu/ make a cle> di/9ction betwe5 day & night outpo/s1 ?\gh y practise ! latt] by daylight4 ,infantry outpo/s by day & until ! enemy advances1 are fir/ly patrols & look-out m51 ^: bus9ess is to look = any movem5t on ! "p ( ! enemy1 & to prev5t 8 see+ _! own side's do+s1 & to report :at !y see ( ! enemy's1 &1 secondly1 a l9e ( piquets :o occupy ! l9e decid$ on z ! l9e ( resi/ance1 & :o may fall out & re/ :ile ?+s are quiet1 ) supports & sometimes a res]ve beh9d !m4 ,! patrols are active ag5ts 9 gett+ in=mation 9 front ( ! outpo/ l9e1 & !y w mo/ly consi/ ( m\nt$ troops except 9 close c\ntry or ?ick wea!r4 ,! look-out s5tries are passive ob/acles to ! enemy's patrols or sc\ts p5etrat+ ! l9e2 ! piquets are ! res]ve ( =ce ready to be call$ into action :5 ne$$4 ,b a l9e suitable = obs]vation & resi/ance by day is seldom suitable by night also4 ,fight+ by day is done by %oot+1 & r\gh gr\nd af=d+ cov] is likely to be *os5 = ! advance ( ! attack]s4 ,by night1 h[ev]1 ! attack w be made ) ! bayonet1 & ! attack] w avoid brok5 c\ntry1 :i* w confuse & delay 8 advance4 ,*oose y\r outpo/ l9e accord+ly4 ,by day seek = a good field ( fire1 mutually support+ positions1 & good facilities = obs]vation1 & /r5g!n ! position y mean to fight on4 ,by night close ! likely ways by :i* an enemy may advance by putt+ piquets on !m 9 /r5g!n$ positions ) ob/acles prep>$ 9 front1 & patrols ly+ out on int]v5+ gr\nd to int]cept sc\ts4 ,?us1 9 an undulat+ h$ge-cov]$ c\ntry ) _m roads1 by day y\r piquets w\ld be beh9d ! cre/s ( ! undulations1 s5tries only on ! look-out1 & patrols sc\t+ 9 front4 ,by night y\r piquets w\ld be on ! roads1 :i* !y w\ld block ) b>b$ wire or abattis ( cut h$ge /uff1 & y\r patrols 9 ! fields betwe5 & ly+ out along ! road 9 front at "s place :]e !y c\ld wat* any?+ pass+1 & get back to ! piquet l9e )\t runn+ risks ( be+ %ot by _! own side4 ,we w see bel[ :at tra9+ is requir$ = non-commission$ (fic]s & m5 9 _! duties on piquet1 patrol & s5try4 ,:5 y h tra9$ !m 9 ^! duties1 take up an outpo/ l9e z a tactical ex]cise ) y\r company1 act+ z an outpo/ company by day1 & !n z by night1 & if y h sc\ts s5d !m out to act z an enemy's patrol 9 front to see h[ mu* ( ! op]ation ( tak+ up ! l9e is visible to !m2 !n1 aft] a c]ta9 h\r1 let !m try to make _! way ?r\gh ! l9e unse54 ,!y mu/ n "w r\nd ! flanks z ex hypo!si2 ^! are held by o!r outpo/ companies2 f9ally1 let !m />t snip+ ! outpo/s z if u%]+ 9 an attack1 & let y\r piquets take up ! l9e ( resi/ance1 y\r patrols fall+ back on ! fir+ beg9n+4 ,,ii4 ,! ,tra9+ ( ,m5 & ,platoons 9 ,outpo/ ,duties4 ,an outpo/ company w m (t5 consi/ ( two or m small piquets ( "o or m platoons ) a support1 ?an simply ( "o l>ge piquet ) its support1 s t :5 y come to tra9 ! :ole company1 z above1 9 tak+ up a "p ( an outpo/ l9e1 ! p]=mance ( ! "w w dep5d l>gely on ! ability ( y\r platoon & section comm&]s to direct ! m5 9 _! duties4 ,unless !y are capable ( do+ ?is1 "t w be wa/$ z y w be occupi$ ) "o portion ( ! l9e :ile ! re/ are do+ no?+ & await+ y\r arrival1 = 9 ?is class ( "w ! in/ructor mu/ rema9 = "s "t ) ea* piquet :ile ! m5 are be+ put ?r\gh ! v>i\s duties1 & _c sup]vise concurr5tly at all po9ts4 ,!re=e1 x is be/1 be=e tak+ ! m5 out = in/ruction1 to give a day or two solely to ! in/ruction ( subalt]ns & non-commission$ (fic]s4 ,:5 !y h got a k ( :at is requir$1 h ! m5 out1 divide !m into piquets "u subalt]ns & section comm&]s1 :o w put !m ?r\gh ! duties1 & ! "w w g on on prop] l9es1 & y w be free to g r\nd & sup]vise ea* 9 turn4 ,y w h f\r subalt]ns1 sixte5 section comm&]s1 & o!r non-commission$ (fic]s1 a total ( tw5ty rifles or s1 b if y are %ort ( non-commission$ (fic]s1 h out en\gh privates to give y sixte5 or tw5ty rifles4 ,=m !m up z a piquet & make ! supposition t x has j receiv$ its ord]s to break (f f ! company & g to a c]ta9 po9t 9 ! outpo/ l9e & take up its duties !re4 ,day ,piquets4 ,indicate "s su* po9t z a day piquet position at a reasonable di/ance f :]e ! piquet is :5 y give x its ord]s1 & let ! s5ior non-commission$ (fic] m>* x !re1 z on s]vice1 ! po9t *os5 be+1 if possible1 su* a "o z w\ld be occupi$ on s]vice4 7a7 ,?is advance to ! piquet is ! fir/ duty4 ,9 spite ( ! company cov]+ troops be+ suppos$ to be some:]e 9 advance1 ! piquet on its m>* %\ld be protect$ by a small patrol 7,f4,s4,r41 #fd 7#a774 ,9 tak+ up ! position1 x mu/ n let ! enemy see x2 t is1 nei!r ! m5 nor _! comm&] %\ld %[ !mselves4 ,v (t5 ! m5 are kept "u cov]1 b ! comm&] w&]s ab\t fix+ places = s5tries 9 full view ( ev]yone4 ,he %\ld lie d[n & peep ov] ! cre/ or :atev] x is :ile mak+ 8 plans4 ,hav+ arriv$ at ! piquet position1 indicate a position on ! "r & on ! left :]e o!r piquets are suppos$ to be & proce$ )3-- 7b7 ,duties ( outpo/ s5tries4--,^! are giv5 9 ,i4,t41 #aeb4 ,po/ z _m gr\ps z w use up ! :ole /r5g? 9 places :i* w\ld ne$ wat*+ on s]vice2 if !re are n en\gh su* places ne> by1 !n m]ely = ! purpose ( ?is semi-drill1 po/ two or m gr\ps close toge!r4 ,a gr\p consi/s ( "o or two m5 on duty1 & _! reliefs1 :o lie d[n ne> !m4 ,^! gr\ps are reliev$ e eight or twelve h\rs4 ,let x be und]/ood t ! position ( _! own piquet is occupi$ by ! reliefs ( ^! gr\ps & ( patrols1 & x is a good plan to %[ ! position by a flag4 ,! s5tries mu/ see )\t be+ se51 "k :]e o!r gr\ps are1 :]e _! own & o!r piquets are1 be told to *all5ge & halt anyone approa*+ z 9 ,i4,t41 #aeb 7#c71 & :at to d if attack$4 ,let !m d ?is to y p]sonally1 z if y 7 someone n belong+ to ! troops1 & impress on !m t !y mu/ be c>eful to tea* x to _! m5 s t no /rang] may ev] be all[$ to get close to a gr\p1 & to %oot if he does n halt4 ,neglect ( ?is simple rule has l$ to _m mi%aps 9 all armies4 ,concealm5t is n easy1 b mu/ be got someh[--by artifice1 if ! gr\nd is unfav\rable4 ,aft] putt+ all ?r\gh 8s5try g0 close to ! gr\ps & tea* !m3-- 7c7 ,patroll+1 = :i* see ,i4,t41 #aaa & #aef4 ,patrols are n meant = fight+1 b to get in=mation or wat* dang]\s places4 ,b !y may h to fight to avoid capture1 & !y d no good by walk+ bl9dly into an ambu%4 ,to br+ back in=mation or news t ! enemy are com+ on1 x is evid5tly ess5tial t :atev] happ5s to ! re/ ( ! p>ty1 "o man at lea/ %\ld always be able to escape1 & to avoid ambu% ! patrol %\ld move 9 a =mation :i* w prev5t a surprise ov]:elm+ ! :ole p>ty4 ,9 %ort1 "o portion mu/ sc\t1 & ! o!r be prep>$ to cov] _! movem5t & help !m to get away1 if possible1 b 9 any case to get away itself & c>ry news ( ! enemy4 ,b patrols mu/ be limit$ 9 /r5g?1 or !y w n be able to escape notice1 & mu/ make up = _! weakness by cunn+ & /eal?9ess ( movem5t4 ,= patroll+ by day1 tell (f ! :ole /r5g? into patrols ( f\r or six m51 "o ( :om w comm& 9 ea* patrol4 ,let ea* take up ! =mation x w\ld usually adopt2 t is1 "o or two files 9 advance1 foll[$ by ! re/ at a di/ance suffici5t to prev5t ! surprise ( ! :ole by "o & ! same op5+ ( fire4 ,tea* ! me?od advocat$ = movem5t across c\ntry1 i4e41 a c>eful b rapid advance f "o cov] to ano!r1 also h[ to approa* suspici\s localities4 ,! lead+ file halts & looks = any signs ( ! enemy2 mean:ile ! re> file comes ne>ly up to x2 ! lead+ file !n moves =w>d :ile ! re> file lies d[n ) rifles load$ & sight$1 ready to fire at once to cov] ! o!rs if ! enemy %[s himself4 ,if ! locality to be se>*$ c be outflank$1 ! lead+ files %\ld move r\nd "o or bo? flanks be=e clos+ 9 on x4 ,if x is "o t _c be outflank$1 z1 = in/ance1 a /raight edge ( a l>ge wood1 !y %\ld approa* x "u cov]1 creep+ up a h$g][ p]haps1 & s get inside4 ,if !re is no cov] !y may try "s ruse to draw ! enemy's fire be=e gett+ too close1 halt+ z if !y _h se5 some?+1 %ad+ ! eyes ) ! h&1 po9t+ & !n />t+ to run back z if al>m$1 :i* might lead ! enemy to op5 fire to prev5t _! escape4 ,b x is r h>d to get m5 to d ?is play-act+ unless !re is a real =ce ( 8,blue0 or 8,r$0 enemy aga9/ !m4 ,! comm&] ( ! patrol1 :5 approa*+ any place1 %\ld tell 8 m5 :at !y are to d if x is se5 to be held by ! enemy1 i4e41 to lie /ill & wat*1 or retire4 ,if ! latt]1 he %\ld fix "s place 9 re> :]e ! patrol c\ld rally aft] gett+ out ( h>m's way4 ,%[ !m h[ to look ov] a ridge1 wall1 or h$ge1 )\t attract+ notice1 tak+ (f _! headdress & rais+ ! head sl[ly1 keep+ ! re/ ( ! body c>efully "u cov]1 & also to move unse51 keep+ 9 ! %ad[ ( h$ges or roadside trees1 & cov]+ up any poli%$ metal "w ( _! uni=m2 to lie up on any place t comm&s a good view1 & look long & c>efully all ov] ! c\ntry to cat* sight ( any?+4 ,f9ally to report :at !y see1 & to d ?is at once1 if !re is ne$1 by s5d+ "o1 or bett]1 if ! patrol c sp>e !m1 two m5 back to ! piquet ) a writt5 report1 ! re/ /ill rema9+ 9 obs]vation4 ,)\t hav+ an actual =ce oppos+ y1 y c only d ?is ex]cise ) "s appe>ance ( reality by giv+ out v]bal situations to ! patrol4 ,?us3 8,g & reconnoitre t wood :i* an enemy may be hold+40 ,on ?is ! patrol w\ld get into =mation & move =w>d4 ,!n1 :5 approa*+ ! wood1 8,y h se5 small p>ties ( ! enemy beyond ! wood bo? on its "r & left1 & !y are p]haps 9 ! wood also2 try & get into x unse510 if !re is any cov]1 or1 if n1 8%[ :at y w\ld d to draw _! fire be=e gett+ close40 ,!n 8! wood is held by ! enemy1 )draw y\r patrol if y c40 ,z ! patrol attempts to retire 8a heavy fire is op5$ on y z y retire1 %[+ t !re is at lea/ a company 9 ! wood1 y\r fir/ duty is to s5d news ( ?is to y\r piquet--h[ & :om w\ld y s5d1 & h[ w\ld y frame y\r message80 7d7 ,duties on piquet4--,close ! platoon & take x to ! place :]e ! piquet is to be4 ,a piquet on arrival at its position has at once to /r5g!n ! position aga9/ attack1 & ?is )\t wait+ = ord]s 7,i4,t41 #aea 7#d774 ,b z we are "h only tra9+ ! non-commission$ (fic]s 9 _! duties we w n ask !m actually to dig tr5*es or make loop-holes & entanglem5ts2 inde$1 ?is1 z "o may t]m x1 executive "w1 has its prop] place 9 8,def5ce40 ,be>+ 9 m9d1 !n1 t we are deal+ ) a day outpo/1 ask or %[ ! platoon h[ to /r5g!n ! position4 ,br+ out a few picks & let !m spitlock on ! gr\nd ! l9es ( any tr5*es t might be ne$$1 pay+ great att5tion to ! sit+ ( ! tr5* s t fire c\ld be br\ght ov] all ! gr\nd 9 front4 ,let !m indicate ) exactness :]e & h[ !y w\ld improve & adapt exi/+ cov]4 ,great reg>d ne$ n be _h to ! numb] ( m5 9 ! piquet1 z outpo/s1 if attack$1 %\ld make z mu* %[ ( =ce z possible1 & x does good & n h>m if !re are alt]native loop-holes fac+ 9 diff]5t directions2 also accommodation mu/ be provid$ = ! support4 ,! comm&] %\ld look = gr\nd outside ! outpo/ l9e f :i* enfilade rifle or artill]y fire might be br\ght to be> on him1 & m>k h[ he w\ld protect 8 m5 f x by trav]ses1 break+ ! l9e ( loop-holes into %ort l5g?s1 keep+ "u lee ( exi/+ cov] & s on4 ,! /r5g!n+ ( ! piquet mu/ be done ) ! aid ( common-s5se4 ,x w seldom be en\gh to propose to dig "o bit ( tr5* all 9 "o piece & hope ! enemy w be good en\gh to come & knock 8 head aga9/ x4 ,cov] may be made or adapt$ 9 sev]al sep>ate gr\ps1 if ?is is ne$$1 s z to make x possible to br+ fire to be> on any "p ( ! gr\nd 9 front4 ,! piquet mu/ be prep>$ to make z brave a %[ z possible1 !re=e ! comm&]1 :ile /r5g!n+ ! po9t ne> :i* 8 piquet is to re/1 mu/ decide :at he w d if attack$4 ,probably !re w be )9 ! limits ( 8 piquet's frontage "o or two o!r po9ts :i* might be useful = def5ce1 & he mu/ n expect attack j f "o direction4 ,) reg>d to su* alt]native positions he %\ld settle :5 & h[ he w use !m1 & :e!r he c af=d "t & m5 to /r5g!n !m1 &1 la/ b n lea/1 :e!r he w be able to get m5 f "o to ! o!r if ! enemy does develop a /rong attack4 ,if he c d all ^! he w h add$ imm5sely to 8 p[] ( def5ce1 provid$ he h&les 8 m5 skilfully1 z he w be able to hold "o position till ! enemy ?9ks he has def9$ its location1 !n dodge to ano!r1 :ile !y w g on fir+ at ! old "o1 & s make 8 piquet appe> _m times /rong] ?an x is4 ,concealm5t ( ! def5ce is v important1 & ! non-commission$ (fic]s %\ld be rem9d$ t ?is mu/ be att5d$ to4 ,!y may =get x z !re is no actual digg+4 7e7 ,duties 9 ,piquet4--,! position ( ! piquet & alt]native def5ce positions hav+ be5 fix$1 & tr5*es or o!r def5ces m>k$ out on ! position1 & on ! alt]native positions if any1 assemble ! platoon at ! piquet & %[ ! non-commission$ (fic]s h[ to tell (f reliefs & o!r duties4 ,ea* gr\p furni%$ by ! piquet consi/s ( ?ree to eight m51 & m\nts "o or two m5 z s5try1 z ! circum/ances ( ! po/ require 7,i4,t41 #aeb 7#c771 ! s5try1 s+le or d\ble1 be+ reliev$ 9 turn by ! o!rs ( ! gr\p4 ,! :ole gr\p is "u comm& ( ! s5ior soldi] or a non-commission$ (fic]4 ,! m5 :o are to =m ! reliefs ( ! gr\ps /ay ) ! piquet1 :i* usually is compos$ solely ( ! reliefs ( gr\ps & patrols4 ,extra m5 :o h no specific duties are n advisable unless ! position is v expos$4 ,suppose y\r gr\p s5tries are s+le1 & ! gr\ps ( ?ree m5 ea*1 & reliev$ e eight h\rs1 !n = e gr\p po/$ & 9 position !re w be six m5 9 ! piquet re/+ & wait+ _! turn1 ea* gr\p ?us ne$+ a total ( n9e m5--?ree out1 six 94 ,patrols />t f ! piquet or support1 z ! comm&] ( ! company directs1 & ! piquet comm&] may s5d !m out on 8 own initiative1 if he ?9ks x ne$ful4 ,z !y are practically all on duty z long z !y are out1 a turn ( f\r h\rs is en\gh = !m1 or1 r1 a ?ird ( ! daylight "t4 ,take y\r patrols f ?is piquet to be f\r /rong1 !re w be = ea* patrol eight m5 9 ! piquet & f\r out on patrol1 a total ( twelve ne$$ to furni% ea* patrol4 ,9 tell+ (f a piquet on ! above conditions ( relief1 & be=e dismiss+ ! m5 to re/1 ! comm&] mu/ pay att5tion to two ma9 po9ts4 ,fir/ly1 he mu/ tell (f ! reliefs1 & give ea* relief a place to re/ 94 ,m5 on outpo/ are usually tir$ & ne$ all ! re/ !y c get1 especially if !y are up all night4 ,!re=e reliefs %\ld be kept toge!r & re/ 9 "o place1 s t ! comm&] c f9d !m at once )\t /irr+ up ! o!rs to see :o's :o4 ,secondly1 ! m5 mu/ be told (f to al>m po/s1 :i* !y are to occupy 9 case ( attack--ea* relief & ea* man ( x %\ld be giv5 a position on ! entr5*m5t :i* he is to hold4 ,to ensure t !y w d ?is at once & )\t confusion !y %\ld be made to g to ^! places & occupy !m be=e be+ dismiss$4 ,!re w !n be no ne$less runn+ ab\t ) consequ5t casualties if fire1 ei!r ( artill]y or infantry1 sudd5ly op5s4 ,say y h sixte5 rifles 7non-commission$ (fic]s & o!rs7 9 y\r in/ructional piquet give out t x is to furni%-- #a ,s5try ov] ! piquet4 #b ,gr\ps ( ?ree m5 ea*1 ,nos4 #a & #b4 #b ,patrols ( f\r m5 ea*1 ,nos4 #a & #b4 ,! s5try ov] ! piquet alone be+ actually po/$1 ! two gr\ps & two patrols be+ suppos$ to be out 9 front1 z ?is "p ( ! lesson is only conc]n$ ) ! inside "w ( ! piquet1 & y h already %[n !m ?is "w on s5try & patrol4 ,z y\r /r5g? is n suffici5t y mu/ make a fur!r supposition1 & make believe t = ! reliefs ( ! gr\ps "o ( y\r rifles repres5ts ?ree1 & = ^? ( ! patrols "o rifle repres5ts two4 ,appo9t "o ( ! non-commission$ (fic]s 9 turn z comm&]1 & let him tell (f accord+ly4 #c ,rifles = piquet s5try1 "o ( :om he actually m\nts4 #a ,rifle 7repres5t+ ?ree7 z second relief1 ,no4 #a gr\p4 #a ,rifle 7repres5t+ ?ree7 z ?ird relief1 ,no4 #a gr\p4 #b ,rifles 7repres5t+ two ea*7 = second relief1 ,no4 #a patrol4 #b ,rifles 7repres5t+ two ea*7 = ?ird relief1 ,no4 #a patrol4 ,& a simil> numb] = ,no4 #b patrol & ,no4 #b gr\p4 ,hav+ told (f ^! reliefs ! comm&] %\ld !n tell !m :]e !y are to h _! re/+ places & :]e _! po/s are 9 case ( al>m4 ,at ?is "t also he w\ld give out any special ord]s :i* conc]n ! piquet4 ,!n )\t dismiss+ ! m5 he %\ld ord] !m to g to _! re/+ places1 & z soon z !y are !re ord] !m to occupy _! al>m po/s1 :i* %\ld be done 9 d\ble "t1 ! m5 ly+ d[n on ! places t h be5 m>k$ out = entr5*m5t or improvem5t ( exi/+ cov]4 ,make ?is fall+ 9 on al>m po/s a /&+ ord] 9 ! company4 ,aft] ?is has be5 done1 & ea* man kn[s exactly :at he has to d on ! al>m1 ! m5 %\ld be dismiss$ to _! re/+ places1 :i*1 z be=e said1 %\ld be sep>ate = ea* relief & ap>t f ea* o!r4 ,aft] be+ dismiss$1 ! m5 w\ld on s]vice be all[$ to make !mselves z com=table z possible4 ,o!r duties ( ! piquet comm&] are3-- 7#a7 ,! op5+ ( communication ) piquets 9 "r & left & ! support4 7#b7 ,! fix+ ( places = purposes ( nature4 7#c7 ,! arrangem5ts = gett+ up food to 8 m5 if !y h n _! rations ) !m4 7#d7 ,keep+ 8 piquet 9 a /ate ( read9ess2 besides keep+ acc\trem5ts on1 ! m5 %\ld h _! rifles at _! sides :5 re/+1 & take !m ) !m :]ev] !y g4 ,!re %\ld be no su* ?+ z pil+ arms on outpo/4 ,night ,piquets4 ,9 ! d>k ! bullet is a fool unless fir$ at close qu>t]s4 ,no practicable am\nt ( %oot+1 ev5 at only a hundr$ y>ds di/ance1 w dislodge det]m9$ m5 po/$ "u cov]1 & a s]i\s attack mu/ be made ) ! bayonet or by %oot+ )9 ! di/ance at :i* a man may be di/+ui%$--t5 y>ds or s4 ,f4,s4,r41 #ach 7#b71 lays d[n = ! ,briti% ,army t ! bayonet only is to be us$ 9 night attacks1 & we may assume t any civiliz$ army we may h to meet w pursue simil> tactics4 ,a]ial reconnaissance may n[adays all[ an enemy to locate ! position held by ! ma9 body ( 8 oppon5t1 9 spite ( its be+ cov]$ by outpo/s1 b su* reconnaissance does n admit ( any hope ( a successful night attack be+ made on t ma9 body by elud+ or pass+ ?r\gh ! outpo/s1 because ! surface ( ! gr\nd _c be suffici5tly se>*$ f above to discov] ! small ob/acles :i* mu/ be avoid$ or kn[n if ! advance ( a l>ge body ( m5 is to be c>ri$ out at night4 ,s we may take x t n[1 z =m]ly1 any l>ge attack w fall fir/ on ! outpo/s1 suppos+1 z we mu/1 t ^! are plac$ s z to hold or wat* all possible l9es ( advance4 ,9 addition to ?is1 outpo/s mu/ expect isolat$ attacks made aga9/ "o or two po9ts held by !m :i* ! enemy desires to ga9 possession (4 ,! duties ( outpo/s by night are1 !n1 to hold & def5d ! outpo/ l9e 9 suffici5t /r5g? to prev5t any l>ge body ( ! enemy break+ ?r\gh1 or gett+ a foot+ 9 "s tactically important position on ! l9e1 & also to prev5t ! enemy's sc\ts f gett+ ?r\gh & mak+ obs]vations1 &1 la/ly1 b ( mo/ importance1 to get news ( ! enemy bo? z a means ( =e/all+ any attack1 & = ! use ( ! =ce comm&] 9 fram+ 8 plans4 ,br++ ! matt] d[n to ! level ( a piquet ( an outpo/ company1 x seems to resolve itself into night patroll+ & night def5ce ( a position4 ,z be=e po9t$ out1 enclos$ c\ntry all[s ( piquets clos+ ! l9es ( advance by :i* l>ge bodies c only hope to move undiscov]$1 :ile int]v5+ gr\nd c be se>*$ by patrols4 ,on ! o!r h&1 op5 c\ntry leaves ! front vuln]able ev]y:]e1 & calls = a great] numb] ( piquets & clos] patroll+ ?an are ne$$ by day4 ,( c\rse1 elem5t>y in/ruction 9 ^! duties mu/ be c>ri$ out by daylight to all[ ( sup]vision2 s n[ assemble y\r platoon ( non-commission$ (fic]s & give out t y are go+ to practise night "w4 ,*oose "s place = y\r night piquet1 reali/ic z may be1 a bridge1 a cutt+1 or any?+ else t con/itutes a defile or o!rwise blocks a likely l9e ( advance f ! enemy's direction4 ,also *oose1 & po9t out to ! platoon1 positions :]e ! adjo9+ piquets on ! "r & left w\ld be4 ,give out ! foll[+ in/ructions to ! non-commission$ (fic]s3-- 7#a7 ,piquets mu/ take up _! night positions :5 x is gett+ dusk1 ! /r5g!n+ ( ! piquet & con/ruction ( ob/acles be+ done 9 advance1 secretly if possible1 & t[>ds ev5+ ! work+ p>ty %\ld )draw & leave ! int5d$ night position empty till x is "t to move into x1 fur!r "w be+ complet$ by twilight4 7#b7 ,! provision ( ob/acles is m necess>y ?an entr5*m5t1 z secur+ ! piquet f be+ ru%$ :ile complet+ ! latt]4 7#c7 ,m5 mu/ re/ on _! al>m po/s1 & bayonets may h to be kept fix$ by all1 if !re is a possibility ( a sudd5 attack 7,i4,t41 #aea 7#g771 to ensure in/ant read9ess4 7#d7 ,all piquets mu/ /& to arms "o h\r be=e light & rema9 ready = action till ! patrols h f\nd t !re is no sign ( an imm$iate attack4 ,:5 relief takes place 9 ! morn+1 night outpo/s w n return to camp till ! patrols report all cle>4 ,aft] ?is1 let ! non-commission$ (fic] 9 comm& )draw ! piquet f its day position & m>* x to ! night position4 ,on arrival ask ! non-commission$ (fic]s 9 turn :]e !y w\ld place ! piquet exactly & :]e !y w\ld put _! ob/acles4 ,ob/acles = a night piquet %\ld be "u close fire1 i4e41 t5 or tw5ty paces1 b1 9 addition1 booby traps & al>ms may be plac$ fur!r 9 front4 ,b>b$ wire is ! be/ ( all ob/acles4 ,! actual def5sive measures to be tak5 d n diff] f ^? tak5 = ! def5ce ( any position n on outpo/4 ,! position ( ! piquet & ob/acles be+ decid$ on1 let ! non-commission$ (fic]s m>k on ! gr\nd ! actual "w !y w\ld und]take1 hav+ reg>d to ! "t available1 :i* y %\ld tell !m1 &1 on ! same l9es z = ! day piquet1 let !m z comm&]s 9 turn divide ! m5 into reliefs ( s5tries & patrols1 tell !m (f to _! al>m po/s1 & ord] !m to occupy !m once z if on al>m4 ,a piquet by night1 no matt] h[ well entr5*$1 has a v limit$ field ( action4 ,ev5 ) mo/ c>efully arrang$ night re/s = ! m5's rifles its fire effect is small except at close ranges1 & to resi/ attack by relatively l>g] bodies x mu/ 9 g5]al keep beh9d its def5ces4 ,h5ce a well organis$ s*eme ( patrols is necess>y to supplem5t ! passive opposition :i* ! piquet c (f]4 ,! patrols are *>g$ ) ! duty ( br++ news ( any advance ( ! enemy to attack1 &1 if he is close en\gh1 ( spy+ out 8 movem5ts on & )9 8 outpo/ l9e1 ( prev5t+ 8 patrols or sc\ts p5etrat+ _! own l9e1 ( wat*+ any localities :i* are ( p>ticul> importance & unoccupi$ by piquets1 su*1 = example1 z villages beyond ! outpo/ l9e :i* ! enemy might try to occupy by night1 &1 la/ly1 ( keep+ up communication betwe5 ! v>i\s bodies ( ! outpo/s4 ,! /r5g? ( patrols is limit$ by ! necessity ( _! be+ able to d ?is "w )\t mak+ a noise1 & a /r5g? ( ?ree to eight m5 is advis$4 ,a patrol p]=ms its duty ( obs]vation ei!r by go+ f po9t to po9t1 or by wat*+ "o p>ticul> place1 :5 x is call$ a 8/&+ patrol40 ,if a piquet po/s any gr\p s5tries by night1 away f ! piquet1 su* gr\ps h j ! same "w z /&+ patrols1 except t !y may be ord]$ to ma9ta9 _! position 9 case ( attack z !y are ne> support1 :]eas patrols w\ld fall back z soon z !y _h made sure ! enemy 0 advanc+1 & possibly1 if 9 accordance ) _! in/ructions1 aft] treat+ him to a %ort bur/ ( rapid fire4 ,an ord9>y patrol w also h to halt & li/5 p]haps = long p]iods1 & s becomes = ! nonce a /&+ patrol4 ,=m up ! platoon at ! piquet position1 & let ! comm&] tell x (f into ?ree patrols to practise ?is duty1 disreg>d+ reliefs1 all ?ree to be s5t out at ! same "t 9 diff]5t directions1 "o man 9 ea* to be comm&]4 ,be=e !y />t (f1 tell !m ! foll[+1 :i* piquet comm&]s mu/ see to3-- 7#a7 ,if !re is no c\nt]sign publi%$ = ! =ce1 piquet comm&]s mu/ arrange ei!r a ^w or a sign by :i* m5 may "k _! own side 9 ! d>k4 7#b7 ,patrols go+ out are to tell ! ne>e/ s5try :i* way !y are go+ 7,i4,t41 #aef 7#e774 7#c7 ,= patrols a code ( signals %\ld be arrang$1 e4g41 a hiss or half-:i/le1 to call att5tion1 answ]$ by ! same to %[ t ! man call$ has he>d x1 foll[$ by ! signal1 :atev] x is3--a d\ble hiss = 8come up to me10 a click ( ! tongue = 8retire10 b any?+ w d provid$ x _c be cle>ly he>d mu* fur!r (f ?an ! li/5]s = :om x is int5d$1 & is nei!r a v common nor a v uncommon s\nd4 7#d7 ,! piquet comm&] mu/ tell patrols h[ long !y are to /ay out & any places he ?9ks mu/ be visit$1 9 addition to :at !y !mselves may f9d advisable1 on clos] acqua9tance ) ! gr\nd4 ,a suitable =mation = a night patrol ( six m5 w\ld be f\r 9 ! advanc$ p>ty1 foll[$ at t5 to fifty paces by ! re> p>ty or two4 ,! reason = ! /rong] p>ty be+ ahead is1 fir/ly1 t fight+ at night beg9s ) sudd5ness & ends rapidly1 :ile re9=cem5t ( "o p>ty by ano!r is sl[ & unc]ta91 &1 secondly1 to ensure t "s "p ( ! patrol may h a good *ance ( gett+ away ) news1 :atev] happ5s to ! re/3 ,bayonets %\ld be fix$ & rifles slop$ on ! "r %\ld]1 ! "r h& hold+ ! small ( ! butt s z to come to ! *>ge at once1 & n to h any *ance ( a rifle fall+ on ! gr\nd4 ,tell patrol comm&]s to get _! patrols into =mation & practise movem5t 9 sil5ce along a road & on ord9>y road4 ,if along a road1 let !m move on ea* side ( x1 (f ! metal on ! roadside grass or du/1 & "u trees or close to ! h$ge or wall4 ,on ord9>y c\ntry ! ball ( ! foot %\ld be put d[n fir/ z if to feel ! surface1 be=e putt+ ! full weight ( ! body on ! advanc$ foot4 ,a /ick or broom-h&le1 la 8boy sc\t10 is invaluable 9 mov+ ov] unexplor$ gr\nd1 z by x ! real nature ( objects dimly se5 at "o's feet c be made out1 & awkw>d spills !reby avoid$4 ,! movem5t ( patrols "u ^! conditions w be v sl[ ov] any b q level gr\nd4 ,z ! patrols move let !m practise ! code ( signals1 halt+1 advanc+1 com+ up into "o l9e1 etc41 also ! keep+ up ( communication by "o file mov+ back & =w>d betwe5 ! two p>ts ( ! patrol4 ,!y %\ld practise also break+ up & scatt]+ z if attack$ by ov]:elm+ numb]s1 ea* individual gett+ away z quickly & quietly z possible1 & ! :ole rally+ aga9 at "s place 9 re>4 ,! patrol comm&] z he goes out mu/ fix ^! rally+ places1 usually "o is en\gh ov] ! :ole ( a patrol's beat1 & !y %\ld be outside ! outpo/ l9e4 ,h ! patrols mov$ s t on _! beats !y may meet ea* o!r once or twice1 & use ! sign to reply :5 *all5ge is made4 ,z a second practice1 direct "o ( ! meet+ patrols to consid] itself ho/ile1 & let ! comm&] ( ! o!r patrol excogitate h[ he w\ld deal ) m5 :o did n /& fa/ on be+ told to halt & c\ld n give ! c\nt]sign4 ,next tell ! patrols to get into position to wat* v>i\s localities1 a f>m /ead+1 a rav9e1 or su* l1 z !y w\ld h to d = limit$ p]iods z patrols reconnoitr+ on _! beats1 or = ! :ole night z /&+ patrols4 ,"o ( ! be/ ways 9 :i* patrols c fulfil _! (fice is by halt+ & li/5+ ) e>s ne> ! gr\nd = s\nds ( human movem5t4 ,!re is no rule = ?us ly+ up except t !y mu/ n get caught !mselves4 ,a c\ple ( m5 %\ld be left q cle> ( ! patrol to get away if ! o!rs /rike tr\ble1 & ! comm&] ( ! patrol %\ld h ^w pass$ to ^! two f "t to "t t all is well ) ! re/1 or !y may wait 9 _! place :ile ! o!rs h be5 quietly d[n$4 ,la/ly1 let patrols return to ! piquet1 & le>n h[ to approa* )\t gett+ !mselves fir$ on1 or caus+ useless al>m4 ,a good way is = two ( ! patrol to advance a few /eps at a "t :5 ne> ! piquet1 halt+ & quietly code-signall+ ! piquet s5try till !y get ,8 att5tion & w>n him t ! patrol wants to come 94 ,x has tak5 long] to write ab\t outpo/s ?an x may take y to put y\r m5 ?r\gh !m1 & ,i h purposely be5 discursive because a k ( :at is ne$$ f outpo/s is m important ?an any set ex]cise1 & also because ?is duty is ! "o :i* newly rais$ troops are mo/ likely to p]=m neglig5tly1 & at ! same "t ! "o :i*1 if neglect$1 all[s ! enemy to br+ raw troops to quick demoralisation4 ,i h also purposely writt5 z if unlimit$ gr\nd 7 available1 &1 speak+ g5]ally1 ,i ?9k x is4 ,y c1 & %\ld1 practise y\r piquet+ & patroll+ on ! ord9>y c\ntryside1 ) its ma9 & bye-roads1 pa?s1 fields1 & h$ges4 ,! practice ( outpo/s :5 piquets are n entr5*$1 causes no damage1 s t leave to move ov] ! fields %\ld n be h>d to get1 b ev5 if x _c be got1 ! pr9cipal & mo/ important "w ( patroll+ & wat*+ all roads & pa?s1 w be done on ! gr\nd on :i* !y w\ld be done on s]vice4 ,if fight+ ev] takes place 9 ,brita91 :i* ,heav5 =ef5d1 outpo/ l9es w be along ! ord9>y c\ntry & n on ,salisbury ,pla91 s d n g into wild & desolate places = y\r outpo/s1 b take ! ord9>y c\ntry r\nd :]e y are4 ,,ex]cise ,,xv4 ,,def5ce4 ,! subject ( def5ce is treat$ ( 9 ,f4,s4,r41 #ajg-aaj1 ,i4,t41 #abe-ace1 & 9 ,*apt] ,,vii41 ,m4,f4,e41 #aiaa4 ,! duties requir$ ( ! company comm&] & 8 subord9ates are briefly def9$ by ,i4,t41 #acb1 to be simil> to ^? !y c>ry out 9 ! attack4 ,! :ole _s ( ! regulations is t ! active ,def5ce is m]ely a means to an end1 viz41 ! ultimate assumption ( ! (f5sive1 :i* may be c>ri$ out ei!r by ! same troops :i* h act$ on ! def5sive or by fre% troops detail$ = ! purpose4 ,9 bo? cases ! troops t h act$ on ! def5sive mu/ be ready to become ! aggressors4 ,!re=e1 9 tra9+ y\r m51 y %\ld keep ?is con/antly 9 view & cons]ve a _s ( aggressive mobility4 ,m5 mu/ n be all[$ to ?9k t once a position has be5 tak5 up & entr5*$ x is to be _! location till fight+ ceases2 on ! contr>y1 !y %\ld be enc\rag$ to look = opportunities :ile /ill on ! def5sive1 to occupy alt]native positions :i* w make ! task ( ! attack+ enemy m difficult4 ,quickness 9 seiz+ & /r5g!n+ a position mu/ be comb9$ ) mobility 9 leav+ x to take up & /r5g!n a new "o4 ,( c\rse1 ! "t available regulates ! "w t c be und]tak5 7,m4,f4,e41 ,,vii4 7#b772 deep tr5*es & conceal$ head cov] _c be made ) an enemy press+ 9 to assault1 b ! fir/ requirem5t is ! ability to *oose positions t give a good field ( fire & to /r5g!n !m z ?or\ghly z ! "t available & ! proximity ( ! enemy admit4 ,9 deal+ ) a company1 ! onus ( *oos+ :at localities x is tactically necess>y to occupy & /r5g!n re/s ) ! company comm&]1 subject to ! ord]s ( 8 battalion comm&]4 ,9 ! same way z on outpo/1 y w be giv5 a bit ( gr\nd to def5d1 ei!r act+ ) ! battalion or z an isolat$ company1 & ! re/ w be on y\r head4 ,i d n propose to deliv] a treatise on ! tactical occupation ( gr\nd1 b in/ead ,i w ask y to procure & read two books4 ,! fir/ is 8,! ,def5ce ( ,duff]'s ,drift10 by ,backsight ,=e?\ght 7,w4 ,cl[es & ,sons71 ! second is 8,a ,/aff ,(fic]'s ,scrap ,book10 by ,sir ,ian ,hamilton 7,edw>d ,arnold74 ,!y are bo? mo/ readable books1 & are q free ( soporific effects4 ,! fir/ is small1 & deals ) ! ef=ts ( a half-company1 "u ,lieut5ant ,b4 ,f41 to def5d a drift ov] a ,s\? ,african riv]4 ,9 ! second ! au?or takes y along ) him ?r\gh ! ,russo-,japanese ,w>1 ( :i* he 0 a privileg$ spectator1 & 9 y\r j\rney+s y look on at victories & defeats 9 ! mak+1 :ile ! causes t l$ to !m1 great & small1 are set =?1 along ) _m %rewd comm5ts on human nature & h[ x translates itself 9 ! day ( battle4 ,e fight be>s its own lesson ( :at to d & :at n to d 9 def5ce1 & ?is told 9 no p$antic /ra91 b ) ! sav+ grace ( hum\r1 to mitigate ! d>k] side ( human c>nage4 ,read !m bo?1 get to y\rself ! wisdom & und]/&+ ) :i* !y are fill$1 & y w "k h[ to take up a position = def5ce4 ,hav+ educat$ y\rself to *oose ! po9ts ( a def5sive position t mu/ be occupi$ if ! position is to be effectively held1 y h /ill to tra9 y\r m5 to ! "w ( def5d+ !m1 & !y mu/ le>n to be able to d )\t ! help ( a sup]vis+ (fic]1 z w (t5 be ! case on s]vice4 ,daylight def5ce is almo/ entirely a matt] ( fire1 ! imm$iate object be+ to make x impossible = ! enemy to come to close qu>t]s4 ,platoon & section comm&]s !n mu/ be able to dispose _! m5 ) ?is 9 view to ! be/ advantage )9 ! limits ( ! gr\nd allott$ to _! units1 & ! m5 mu/ be able to site _! tr5*es or :atev] =m ( cov] has to be con/ruct$ s z to use _! rifles to ! be/ effect4 ,x is no good to tea* m5 to dig tr5*es & make loop-holes unless !y "k ! prop] places = !m4 7,m4,f4,e41 #ah 7#g774 ,at ! same "t1 practice 9 digg+ & ! use ( tools is v necess>y = m5 :o are n accu/om$ to su* "w4 ,! h&s ( ! untra9$ man bli/] & 8 muscles tire "u ! unusual ef=t1 :ile he exp5ds mu* en]gy ) results small 9 comp>ison ) :at he c accompli% once he has le>nt to use 8 /r5g? well4 ,moreov]1 a c]ta9 am\nt ( te*nical skill is requir$ 9 mak+ any b ! mo/ simple cov]4 ,to practise ! execution ( "w1 y mu/ h gr\nd :i* y are at lib]ty to turn up1 z well z "s mat]ials = loop-holes & ob/acles4 ,^! may n be obta9able at any & e p>ade1 b y c give practice 9 ! selection & sit+ ( tr5*es on any bit ( c\ntry )\t caus+ damage1 ! m5 m]ely spitlock+ or m>k+ ) /ones or any?+ else ! position ( ! tr5*es on ! surface ( ! gr\nd1 & describ+ :at !y propose do+4 ,i w\ld1 !re=e1 advise t y make y\r tra9+ consi/ ( two p>ts1 fir/ly ! sit+ ( tr5*es & ! plann+ by unit comm&]s & m5 ( def5sive "w1 ! *oice & occupation ( alt]native positions1 & ! assumption ( ! (f5sive f ! def5sive1 all ?is )\t actually break+ gr\nd1 &1 secondly1 gr\nd & tools be+ !n available1 ! p]=mance ( a c\rse ( mak+ real cov] & ob/acles4 ,b ! fir/ "p _c be c>ri$ out unless ! m5 h a k ( :at tr5*es1 loop-holes & s on are l1 & ! objects ) :i* !y are made4 ,9 a company ( raw recruits tak5 f ! populace at l>ge1 !re w be pl5ty :o h no ideas on ! subject at all4 ,y mu/ !n prec$e y\r ex]cises ei!r by a %ort lecture1 mat]ials = :i* y w f9d 9 pl5ty 9 ! 8,def5ce ( ,duff]'s ,drift10 & ! manuals ( tra9+1 or1 bett] ?an a lecture1 by %[+ !m specim5s ( entr5*m5ts made by regul> troops4 ,! ma9 po9ts to insi/ on are ! secur+ ( a field ( fire1 ! necessity ( concealm5t ( ! def5ces1 ! importance ( head cov] z a help to ! deliv]y ( an accurate fire by lett+ m5 keep ! enemy 9 view )\t %[+ up !mselves1 ! avoidance ( enfilade fire by mak+ trav]ses1 or by tak+ advantage ( int]v5+ high gr\nd1 ! provision ( cov] f d[nw>d %ell fire by mak+ ! tr5*es deep & /eep en\gh to let m5 /& close up to ! edges1 &1 9 ! case ( isolat$ po/s & po9ts held z pivots ( a position1 ! necessity ( prep>+ an all-r\nd def5ce s t ^! pivots w be able to cont9ue fight+ :atev] happ5s on ! int]v5+ gr\nd4 ,! c\rse ( "w actually p]=m$ = ! second "p %\ld include digg+ all k9ds ( tr5*es1 by :i* ! m5 w le>n to use _! tools to ! be/ advantage1 & _! h&s & muscles w become h>d5$1 ! use ( ! excavat$ e>? to =m p>apets & p>ados 7cov] f fire f ! re> ( ! tr5*2 =ty in*es ( e>? are ne$$ to keep out a bullet71 ! dra9age ( tr5*es1 ! mak+ ( trav]ses aga9/ enfilade fire1 ! mak+ ( loop-holes & head-cov] ) ! aid ( all sorts ( mat]ials1 s& bags1 bru%wood & hea!r1 /raw & twigs1 /ones & bricks 7:i* mu/ be cov]$ ) e>? to dead5 ! effects ( spl9t]s71 pack+ bo>ds1 & s on1 ! concealm5t ( tr5*es & loop-holes s z to be invisible to ! enemy 7?is is ( great importance71 ! mask+ ( loop-holes :5 n 9 use to prev5t light %[+ ?r\gh1 ! mak+ ( dummy tr5*es & loop-holes to draw ! enemy's fire away1 ! improvem5t ( exi/+ cov]1 su* z loop-hol+ walls & ! use ( h$ges ) or )\t dit*es1 mak+ sang>s1 if /ones are available1 ! mak+ ( ob/acles ( b>b$ & pla9 wire1 & measur+ & m>k+ ( ranges r\nd a position1 :i* %\ld be done by "s means n obvi\s to ! enemy1 & cle>+ ! field ( fire4 ,x w seldom be practicable to obta9 subjects = practical demon/ration ( "s ( ! latt] 9 peace "t2 p w object to _! walls be+ exp]im5t$ on or _! %rubb]ies laid l[1 & s ev5 "h a description ( ! me?od w h to be sub/itut$ = actual p]=mance4 ,= night def5ce ! con/ruction ( night re/s = rifles is ne$$4 ,! be/ ,i "k is a pack+ case1 fill$ ) e>?1 ) ! front & re> edges not*$ to hold ! rifle /ock4 ,! magaz9e is laid h>d up aga9/ ! outside ( ! re> edge & ! not*es1 front or re>1 sl[ly deep5$ ) a p5knife till ! sights be> on ! t>get2 aft]w>ds e>? is bank$ up outside ! box & head-cov] made above4 ,! =ego+ may seem a =midable li/1 b !y are ?+s t w und\bt$ly be requir$ z soon z y get on %oot+ t]ms ) an enemy2 :ile if y exhau/ ?is li/ & feel ! want ( fur!r occupation1 ! ,eng9e]+ ,manual w supply y ) fur!r subjects = y\r activities4 ,p5d+ y\r gett+ facilities ( gr\nd1 tools1 & mat]ials to execute "w1 y c proce$ ) ! fir/ "p ( tra9+ outl9$ above4 ,if y\r non-commission$ (fic]s h n _h exp]i5ce1 take !m out z an in/ructional section 9 ! same way z :5 tea*+ outpo/ "w1 & put !m ?r\gh ! ex]cises :i* foll[4 ,b if !y are already fairly compet5t1 take ! m5 on p>ade1 =m+ !m1 if possible1 into n less ?an two sections4 ,in/ruction 9 ,sit+ ,tr5*es4 ,*oose any position on undulat+ gr\nd1 =m ! m5 9 ext5d$ ord] 9 "o l9e 9 re> ( x1 & ord] !m to move up1 & m>k :]e ea* w\ld place 8 tr5* 9 ord] to fire on an enemy advanc+ f ! front4 ,9 do+ ?is x %\ld be an inv>iable rule t m5 mu/ lie d[n1 br+ ! rifle into ! fir+ position1 look along ! sights1 & move =w>d or back till !y see t !y h got ! be/ position to sweep ! gr\nd 9 _! imm$iate front 7see ,m4,f4,e41 #ca 7#c774 ,dead gr\nd close to ! tr5* gives ! enemy a place 9 :i* to collect & organise an assault4 ,take ! m5 9 ! same way on to o!r positions & repeat ! lesson till !y all und]/& t ! fir/ ?+ to be done is ?is aim+ ) ! rifle to secure a good field ( fire4 ,at fir/ halt !m close to :at y see is ! be/ l9e1 & aft]w>ds halt !m ?irty or =ty y>ds f x1 & !n give ! ord] to *oose sites4 ,= in/ance1 halt !m on ! top ( a convex slope & let !m f9d out t ! be/ place to br+ fire on to flat gr\nd at its base is some:]e on ! enemy's side ( ! convexity1 = if ! tr5* 7 made on ! top ( ! slope ! gr\nd imm$iately 9 front w\ld be hidd5 by ! convexity4 ,! section comm&]s mu/ help ! m5 9 *oos+ sites4 ,aft] ! m5 h fix$ & m>k$ ! propos$ sites1 let !m lay d[n _! rifles ?ree paces 9 re> & kneel or lie d[n at ! re> edge ( ! site z if wait+ to comm5ce "w :ile y & section & platoon comm&]s g r\nd & exam9e ! l9e4 ,ask details f ! m5--h[ high !y w\ld make ! p>apet1 h[ ?ick x %\ld be1 h[ !y w\ld make head-cov]1 h[ !y w\ld conceal ! "w1 & s on4 ,trav]ses & brok5 l9es ( ,tr5*es4 ,repeat ! ex]cise z above1 b ?is "t h ! m5 9 sections or small gr\ps1 & ! tr5*es made n 9 "o l9e1 b 9 %ort l5g?s1 sep>at$ by trav]ses4 ,y w h to expla9 ! con/ruction & use ( ^! to prev5t enfilade fire 7if n f long range71 & to localise %ell bur/s4 ,aga91 h l9es ( tr5*es mapp$ out 9 %ort l5g?s on an irregul> front1 "s a little =w>d1 "s a little back1 ) ! e>? at ea* end1 bank$ up on ! flanks ) ! same object 7,m4,f4,e41 #cc74 ,%ort ,tr5*es = ,two ,m54 ,br+ ! m5 ext5d$ to six or eight paces on to a position1 & let ! m5 ( ea* file close to two paces f ea* o!r4 ,ea* file is !n to *oose & m>k a site = a %ort tr5* to hold bo? ( !m1 or1 z x w\ld =m]ly h be5 call$1 a rifle pit1 m>k+ :]e !y w\ld make loop-holes to fire bo? to ! front1 & obliquely t[>ds ! "r & left1 s z to rake ! gr\nd 9 front ( ! l9e ( ! o!r m5's pits4 ,?is arrangem5t is n (ficially recognis$1 & x does n give ! close/ possible fir+ l9e1 b x is an excell5t way ( mak+ m5 ?9k = !mselves4 ,:5 ! m5 h got _! be>+s 9 ! matt] ( tak+ up a l9e = entr5*m5t1 make !m get into ! way ( *ang+ f def5ce into attack4 ,take up a position z be=e1 & z soon z ! tr5*es are m>k$ out1 indicate a position at "s di/ance z an objective = attack & />t an advance aga9/ x1 z done 9 ! attack practices1 =m+ a fir+ l9e rapidly ( "s nam$ platoons & ! support ( ! o!rs4 ,a skeleton enemy kept hidd5 till ne$$ adds mu* to ! realism4 ,def5ce ( ,pivots 7,m4,f4,e41 #ej 7#c71 & ,i4,t41 #abi74 ,f9d a position 9 :i* !re are "s po9ts sep>at$ f ea* o!r :i* comm& ! gr\nd betwe51 & also =m su* pivots = def5ce ( ! position z are describ$ 9 ! p>as4 above4 ,accord+ to ! nature ( ! gr\nd1 su* pivots might be1 = platoons1 z mu* z f\r hundr$ y>ds ap>t1 i4e41 attack]s com+ betwe5 !m w\ld be "u fire at n m ?an two hundr$ y>ds4 ,s5d a platoon "u a comm&] to ea* pivot1 & let him plan & m>k out 8 def5sive measures1 :i* mu/ include3-- #a4 ,an arrangem5t = all-r\nd def5ce1 s t ! pivot may be self-conta9$ & capable ( cont9u+ ! fight1 al?\gh o!rs may h be5 captur$4 #b4 ,! sit+ accord+ly ( tr5*es & loop-holes to fire all r\nd & especially to sweep ! front & re> ( adjo9+ pivots4 #c4 ,! adaptation ( exi/+ cov] to save lab\r4 #d4 ,! provision ( protection aga9/ enfilade & rev]se fire1 & ! recognition ( di/ant localities f :i* su* fire1 :e!r ( artill]y or rifle1 might be br\ght to be> on ! po/4 #e4 ,! m>k+ ( ranges 9 ea* direction4 #f4 ,! provision ( ob/acles4 #g4 ,any feasible s*eme = alt]native positions :i* 8 m5 c\ld rea* & occupy "u fire4 #h4 ,! concealm5t ( ! def5ces1 provision ( dummy tr5*es1 & loop-holes & any o!r %ifts4 #i4 ,! tell+ (f & po/+ ( look-out m5 & fix+ & occupy+ ( al>m po/s :5 "w has be5 complet$4 #aj4 ,dra9age & sanitation4 ,! concealm5t ( def5ces f a]ial reconnaissance w1 p]haps1 soon claim m att5tion ?an x gets at pres5t4 ,practise an attack aft] def5ce1 />t+ (f "o platoon "u y\r own ord]s to 8g =0 an indicat$ enemy1 & s5d+ ^w ei!r by mess5g] or by semaphore to ! o!rs1 ei!r to jo9 y & =m a fir+ l9e1 or to move out 9 support1 b1 if ! latt]1 d n fail to f9ally call !m up to re9=ce ! fir+ l9e2 c\nt]-attacks mu/ usually be made ) a relatively /rong fir+ l9e & small support4 ,! ,company 9 ,def5ce ,act+ ,alone4 ,:5 y h put non-commission$ (fic]s & m5 ?r\gh ! prec$+ c\rse1 plan "s s*eme on ! l9es ( ! def5ce ( ,duff]'s ,drift1 to deal ) a company isolat$ & beyond rea* ( imm$iate re9=cem5t4 ,any bridge ov] a railway l9e1 a gr\p ( build+s suppos$ to conta9 /ores1 or a =d or bridge ov] a riv]1 w provide y ) an object to def5d4 ,*oose a l9e ( def5ce r\nd x & det]m9e :at are ! ess5tial pivots to be held4 ,to d ?is1 s z to furni% an in/ructive lesson1 x w usually be necess>y = y to pay a visit to ! place by y\rself & =mulate y\r propos$ def5ce be=e br++ ! company on to ! gr\nd4 ,pay great att5tion to cross+ & support+ fire f ! pivots1 & look at ! surr\nd+ c\ntry ) a view to meet+ attack f any direction1 = 9 ?is case ! company1 z well z ! pivots 9 its l9e ( def5ce1 mu/ be self-conta9$4 ,also h reg>d to ! c]ta9ty t y w h artill]y fire aga9/ y1 to :i* y w n be able to reply1 & 9 consequ5ce y\r propos$ def5ces mu/ include deep tr5*es or recesses to %elt] ! m5 f %ell4 ,y\r def5ces w take ! =m ( a *a9 ( isolat$ gr\ps ab\t ! po9t to be def5d$ & sep>at$ f ea* o!r by possibly sev]al hundr$ y>ds4 ,x is no use simply to g & sit inside a gr\p ( build+s :i* ! guns w\ld knock ab\t y\r e>s & aga9/ :i* ! enemy c conc5trate4 ,! bett] plan is to break up 8 attack & hide y\r weakness by occupy+ well-/r5g!n$ pivots1 beh9d ^: protection y may h "s fre$om ( movem5t1 & s be able1 if ! weakness or ra%ness ( ! enemy gives opportunity1 to inaugurate local c\nt]-attacks4 ,^!1 if successful 9 inflict+ a %>p & sudd5 loss1 w make him hesitate to deliv] a decisive attack till he has f\nd out all ab\t y4 ,) "o company y _c expect to a*ieve decisive results aga9/ any consid]able body ( ! enemy1 b mu/ be cont5t ) keep+ him 9 play = z long a "t z possible1 & an attitude ( active bluff is ! be/ means ( do+ s4 ,:5 y h got y\r plans complet$1 take out ! company z /rong z possible & complete 9 its prop] platoons & sections--if !re are too few m5 let "o man c\nt = two or ?ree4 ,s5d (f platoons to occupy & plan ! def5ce ( ! pivots z done :5 practis+ x be=e4 ,d ! same s*eme on two sep>ate occasions4 ,! fir/ "t d n s5d out a skeleton enemy1 s t ! m5 may h "t to look r\nd1 b = ! second "t s5d out "s sc\ts "u a subalt]n1 & let ! platoons fall out on _! positions ) patrols out 9 front4 ,fix a c]ta9 h\r by :i* y expect ! arrangem5ts to be all ready1 & arrange = ! enemy to advance at t "t1 & op5 fire on ! patrols if !y are met4 ,:5 ! patrols h fall5 back ! enemy closes 9 & />ts snip+ at ! position4 ,!n br+ (f a c\nt]-attack1 )draw+ "s m5 = ! purpose f pivots t are n ?reat5$1 & com+ 9 on ! flank ( ! attack]s4 ,9 !ory1 ( c\rse1 y %\ld h a support or res]ve available = ?is1 b x does no h>m to move m5 out ( _! tr5*es ) ! object ( assum+ ! (f5sive1 :ile ! m5 le>n ! ess5tial "p ( _! "w by all be+ employ$ on ! p]imet]4 ,h out ! company yet a ?ird "t on ! same or a simil> s*eme1 pivots & skeleton enemy z be=e4 ,on ?is occasion1 if ! s*eme is ! same1 *ange r\nd ! platoons to diff]5t pivots f :at !y occupi$ be=e1 & :5 ! arrangem5ts = def5ce h be5 settl$1 leave only s5tries & _! gr\ps on ! pivots z look-outs1 b h patrols 9 front4 ,=m ! rema9d] ( ! m5 into a support 9 "s c5tral position1 & tell !m (f to occupy z al>m po/s ! pivots f :i* !y 7 )drawn4 ,:5 ! skeleton enemy attacks1 re9=ce ! ?reat5$ "p ( ! l9e by ! m5 ( ! units told (f = its def5ce1 & ) "p1 or ev5 ! :ole ( ! re/1 make a c\nt]-attack4 ,x is v desirable1 ?\gh un=tunately n (t5 possible1 to p]=m ^! la/ ?ree practices on gr\nd :]e y are at lib]ty to dig1 & ) an enemy ( ?ree or f\r companies in/ead ( a few snip]s4 ,night ,def5ce4 ,a night attack may be deliv]$ z a sequ5ce to fight+ by daylight1 9 ! c\rse ( :i* ! enemy has e/abli%$ himself suffici5tly close to ! def5ces held by 8 oppon5t to see cle>ly ! way to rea* ! po9t aga9/ :i* he int5ds to lead 8 =ce4 ,or he may deliv] an attack )\t previ\s fight+1 hop+ to get ! bett] ( ! def5d]s by surprise1 & bas+ 8 plans solely on ! results ( reconnaissance4 ,9 ! latt] case ! attack mu/ be prec$$ by a night advance1 long or %ort1 accord+ z ! def5d]s' outpo/s & _! patrols h succe$$ 9 keep+ ! ho/ile troops at a di/ance or n1 unless1 inde$1 ! troops or _! sc\ts or spies h n be5 9 t\* at all dur+ ! day 9 :i* case an attack w\ld n be a wise proce$+1 because ! ne$ful in=mation ab\t ! gr\nd & y\r =ces is lack+4 ,su* attacks z require a night advance z a prelim9>y are likely to be made ei!r ov] op5 gr\nd or along roads1 = ! difficulties & delays occasion$ by mov+ troops ov] brok5 gr\nd :i* is n ?or\ghly kn[n are v great4 ,b 9 ! fir/ case1 :5 fight+ has be5 go+ on by day1 & ! two =ces are 9 close contact at nightfall1 sep>at$ p]haps by only a few hundr$ y>ds1 ! pres5ce ( brok5 gr\nd 9 front ( ! def5ces is no gu>antee t ! enemy may n consid] an attack by night to h a reasonable *ance ( succe$+ aga9/ any ( ! po9ts :i* he has be5 try+ to c>ry by daylight4 ,x foll[s !n t 9 prep>+ a position = def5ce ! pivots mu/ be ready to )/& attack by night z well z by day1 & also t roads or pa?s lead+ into ! position f ! surr\nd+ c\ntry %\ld be held & def5d$ by night1 9 spite ( _! be+ innocu\s by daylight ow+ to be+ swept effectively by fire f ! adjac5t pivots4 ,x w be admitt$1 ,i ?9k1 t fire by night is ineffectual unless at v %ort ranges1 or :5 deliv]$ by m5 ( extraord9>y skill su* z ! up-c\ntry ,bo] & ! ,am]ican backwoods-m5 7 pictur$ to be4 ,a ,european enemy w seek to br+ (f 8 attack ) ! bayonet4 ,! def5d]s w try to foil ?is attack1 fir/ly1 by ! use ( fire at ! close range1 :i* all[s x to be effective1 &1 secondly1 by ! use ( ! bayonet4 ,?is pla9ly translates itself into ob/acles to keep ! enemy "u fire1 ob/acles to hamp] him :5 at bayonet di/ance1 & night re/s to help ! accuracy ( ! fire 9 c]ta9 desir$ directions4 ,i h told y "o good =m ( night re/1 & !re are sev]al o!rs1 b all require "s mat]ial if !y are to be ev5 approximately accurate4 ,fail+ mat]ial ( any sort1 tie :ite rags r\nd ! muzzles ( ! m5's rifles if y c get !m4 ,aft] a week 9 ! field y\r m5 w h no?+ t is n v dirty1 b 9 a civilis$ c\ntry "s memb] ( ! population may p]haps be f\nd ready to oblige a soldi]4 ,work+ /ill on y\r daylight s*eme %[ y\r non-commission$ (fic]s & m5 h[ to make night ob/acles 9 addition to ^? meant = daylight def5ce1 :i* latt] may be any di/ance up to "o hundr$ y>ds 9 front ( ! tr5*es4 ,! night ob/acles1 on ! o!r h&1 %\ld be q close1 ! fire ob/acles z close z t5 y>ds1 ! bayonet ob/acles1 say a n>r[ dit* & a wire1 close "u ! tr5*es s z to make a man /umble :5 try+ to rea* ! def5d] ) 8 bayonet4 ,make or plan ^! arrangem5ts r\nd ! pivots1 & !n practise block+ & def5d+ pa?s or roads by ! same me?ods z = pivots1 b ) ?is v>iation1 t a p>apet :i* c only be us$ = def5ce at night may be z high z y consid] ne$ful )\t pay+ reg>d to its invisibility1 :ile ^? to be us$ by day are kept z l[ z possible4 ,9 a practical ex]cise ! m5 to hold ^! night po/s w\ld h to be furni%$ ei!r f y\r support or by ?9n+ "s ( ! pivots4 ,yet ! mo/ c>efully arrang$ tr5*es & ob/acles w be ( no value unless ! m5 occupy !m 9 "t to avail !mselves ( _! advantages4 ,"t suffici5t to all[ ( ?is1 mu/ be got by patroll+ 9 front z = outpo/s1 by mak+ automatic al>ms 9 front ( ! ob/acles 7,m4,f4,e41 #ee 7#ab771 by hav+ al]t s5tries on ! def5ce l9e1 & by hav+ a good & well und]/ood arrangem5t ( al>m po/s by :i* ea* man %all be ready to occupy at once1 9 sil5ce1 & )\t confusion1 ! place :i* has be5 assign$ to him4 ,patroll+ has be5 dealt ) "u 8,outpo/s10 ! al]tness ( y\r s5tries w dep5d l>gely on ! /ate ( discipl9e to :i* y h br\ght y\r company1 & on ! commons5s5ess1 to co9 a ^w1 ( _! tra9+4 ,al>m po/s are practis$ 9 ! same way z on outpo/4 ,9 _m corps x is a /&+ ord] t :5 9 camp or biv\ac1 on manuvre z well z on s]vice1 m5 are to fall 9 on _! al>m po/s once a day1 ! usual times be+ at retreat or on arrival 9 camp 7,f4,s4,r41 #dh 7#b771 & ?is is done :e!r 9 ,brigade 7,f4,s4,r41 #dg 7#b77 or n4 ,if su* is ! ord] 9 y\r battalion1 adh]e to x )9 y\r company :5 deta*$1 if n1 d x (f y\r own bat4 ,x does n fatigue ! m5 & ensures att5tion be+ paid on all occasions to ?is important duty4 ,,ex]cise ,,xvi4 ,,ha/y ,,exp$i5ts4 ,i4,t41 #ic 7iii471 directs ! tra9+ ( ! section to include r\gh & ready exp$i5ts s z to =m a fight+ front 9 any direction4 ,?is tra9+ is ( great value1 bo? f a discipl9>y po9t ( view1 z x makes m5 quick to move on an ord]1 & also f ! po9t ( view ( moral1 z m5 accu/om$ to get sudd5 & unexpect$ ord]s giv5 "u imag9>y circum/ances w be m likely to keep cool1 :5 su* ord]s are necessitat$ by ! /ress ( actual battle1 ?an m5 :o h always be5 tra9$ 9 a delib]ate fa%ion4 ,su* sudd5 ord]s mu/ 9 g5]al mean "o ( two ?+s1 ei!r t ! enemy has got y1 or y h got him1 8on ! hop10 if ,i may introduce an expression f ! cricket field1 & t !re is e *ance ( ! b[l]1 :oev] he is1 be+ badly scor$ (f1 unless he treats ! batsman to some?+ m difficult ?an ! exp5sive half-volley4 ,if y are =tunately able to f9d ! enemy at a disadvantage1 y w act aga9/ him by rifle fire alone2 b1 on ! o!r h&1 y may f9d y\rself caught 9 a bad situation1 by ei!r artill]y or rifle fire1 or possibly by cavalry1 :o mean to use ! /eel4 ,x foll[s !n1 9 practis+ exp$i5ts1 bas$1 z !y %\ld be1 on "s possible situation1 t y %\ld make ! c5tral idea ei!r (f5sive1 z if attempt+ to br+ y\r m5 into a position to get ! be/ results f _! fire1 or def5sive1 z if to escape1 or mitigate %ell fire or rifle fire1 to :i* y are subject$ "u adv]se conditions4 ,aga9/ artill]y fire f ranges or 9 positions at :i* y _c reply effectively ) rifle fire1 y\r action at fir/1 at all ev5ts1 mu/ be purely def5sive1 i4e41 all y c d1 w be to escape be+ ov]:elm$ by ! %ell fire1 & ev5 at effective rifle range1 ! %ields ( mod]n field guns1 enable !m to engage infantry on v equal t]ms1 s long z ! infantry is 9 front1 or n f> on a flank1 ( ! l9e ( guns4 ,9 ! days ( muzzle-load]s1 x 0 ! cavalry :o possess$ ! p[] ( sudd5ly annihilat+ infantry1 :5 caught unprep>$ to )/& _! *>ge4 ,! magaz9e rifle has r$uc$ ?is dang]1 b ! quick-fir+ cannon has n[ equal1 if n great]1 p[]s ( deal+ out swift de/ruction to any infantry t x f9ds expos$ 9 close =mation1 if only ! range be kn[n4 ,at lea/ once 9 ! ,russo-,japanese ,w>1 & aga9 9 ! ,turko-,bulg>ian w>1 if we may believe ! some:at ill-au!nticat$ reports yet to h&1 h artill]y wip$ out ( exi/5ce 9 a few mom5ts sev]al hundr$ un=tunate infantrym51 :o 7 caught 9 ! rafle fir$ at a range ei!r asc]ta9$ previ\sly1 or got at ! mom5t by good luck or good judgm5t4 ,! cont+5cy ( be+ ?us caught by artill]y is evid5tly "o t %\ld be prep>$ = by infantry1 z 0 ! =m+ ( squ>es 9 ! old days1 :5 a cavalry *>ge 0 an ev] pres5t p]il4 ,9 ?is case ( artill]y fire1 ! conditions & ! object desir$ are practically always ! same--! infantry is 9 close ord] ( "s sort1 & wi%es to break up into a cong]ies ( small gr\ps1 s z to isolate ! effect ( ! bur/ ( ea* %rapnel4 ,! matt] ( rifle fire is diff]5t1 z !re are any numb] ( ways 9 :i* y may seek ei!r to escape ! results ( ! enemy's fire or attempt to use y\r own1 & ?is is ! prop] field 9 :i* to practise exp$i5ts4 ,:5ev] y int5d to c>ry out "s su* movem5t to meet a suppos$ situation1 y mu/ let ! m5 "k exactly :at y are pictur+1 s t !y also may und]/& :at is ne$$4 ,! ess5ce ( ^! practices is t !y %\ld be p]=m$ )\t "t = delib]ate ?\ght--! m5 mu/ le>n to ?9k & act quickly4 ,! mo/ satisfactory way is to be y\rself m\nt$1 z y c !n get ! :ole company to he> y at once1 :]eas1 if on foot1 ! m5 :o are f>!/ f y (t5 lose ! fir/ "p ( :at y say2 y !n h to repeat x1 & ! ?+ loses its "* ( surprise = ! re/1 :o h already he>d x once4 ,give out ! situation 9 a l\d voice1 & 9 z few words z possible1 !n try & give ! v ord] y ?9k y w\ld give1 if ! situation 0 a real "o on s]vice2 use y\r own imag9ation1 9 figur+ :at y w\ld say1 & h[ y w\ld say x4 ,to call att5tion1 x seems legitimate to use y\r :i/le1 z on s]vice ! m5 w\ld h "s w>n+ t ?+s 7 ab\t to happ51 ei!r by ! arrival ( %ell or bullets1 ! sight ( ! enemy1 or by ! signal ( _! own sc\ts4 ,9 giv+ ! situation1 if y are receiv+ fire1 give out :at k9d ( fire x is1 ! enemy's position1 if x is all[able to suppose x kn[n1 or if y are go+ to be on ! (f5sive1 give out :]e ! enemy is1 & :at he is do+1 & h[ y le>n ?is1 i4e41 by y\r sc\ts1 or by fir/-h& obs]vation4 ,= example1 :ile ! company is m>*+ 9 f\rs along a road1 y see1 9 imag9ation1 two %ells bur/ simultane\sly ne> by1 & ab\t two hundr$ y>ds f ea* o!r1 & y wisely d$uce t ! enemy is rang+ on y\r company4 ,bl[ y\r :i/le & give out 8,artill]y fire is op5+ on ! company1 f su* & su* a direction--op5 out to columns ( sections40 ,if y h taught y\r m5 :at to d to escape artill]y fire1 !y w op5 out at ! d\ble into columns ( platoons1 at n less ?an fifty y>ds int]val1 measur+ r\ghly at "r angles to ! direction ( ! suppos$ fire 7,i4,t41 #aah 7#c774 ,9 practis+ ?is op5+ out "u artill]y fire1 :i*1 z ,i h said1 is ! "o specific ha/y manuvre p]=m$ "u conditions ne>ly always simil>1 x is inexp$i5t to lay d[n any fix$ rules = ! positions to be tak5 up by ! platoons4 ,x s\nds simple to say t ! platoons ( ! lead+ half-company g to ! "r1 & ^? ( ! re> half to ! left1 b :5 m5 are m>*+ at ease1 & %ells beg9 bur/+ r\nd !m unexpect$ly1 ,i d n ?9k !re w be "t = anyone to see :i* half-company is lead+4 ,! ma9 ?+ is to get ! platoons in/antly away f ! road on :i* ! enemy has laid 8 guns1 & f ea* o!r4 ,direct platoon comm&]s to lead _! m5 at ! d\ble 9 any direction away f ! platoon 9 front1 except1 ( c\rse1 t[>ds ! re>4 ,9 !ory1 ( c\rse1 ?is might result 9 all f\r mak+ out t[>ds "o flank1 b1 ev5 s1 ?is is bett] ?an hav+ any delib]ative halts on ! road1 & 9 practice ! platoons 9 re> c see :i* way ^? 9 front are head+1 & :eel to g to ! o!r flank4 ,!re is no advantage to be _h f gett+ ! m5 9 ! ranks into ext5d$ ord]1 z ! %rapnel scatt] ! :ole wid? ( _! bur/+ zone 9 an imp>tial mann]1 nor is x any use to seek su* slight cov] z gives only a scre5 f view1 unless ) a view to gett+ away f ! %ell-swept locality )\t attract+ notice4 ,platoon comm&]s %\ld1 ( c\rse1 make = any cov] t is suffici5tly /eep on ! re> side to %elt] !m f ! d[nw>d dropp+ %rapnel bullets4 ,if !re is no cov]1 ! be/ ?+ aft] gett+ out into ! l9e ( platoons sep>at$ by fully fifty y>ds int]vals1 is to move rapidly =w>d4 ,if cov] exi/s ) op5 gr\nd r\nd x1 ! m5 may be got away by 8dribbl+0 man by man1 9 ! hope t ! enemy may n spot ! movem5t1 & cont9ue or resume 8 %ell practice1 to defeat x4 ,z reg>ds exp$i5ts aga9/ rifle fire1 ,i w only sugge/ a few1 & leave y to inv5t o!rs suit$ to ! nature ( ! gr\nd y h got to ex]cise on4 #a4 ,! company 9 close ord] is surpris$ by a heavy rifle fire2 !re is cov] ne> by suffici5t to hold ! :ole company cr[d$ toge!r4 ,ord] ! m5 to get into ! cov] helt] skelt]1 & !n advance or retire1 by ! successive movem5t ( platoons or sections1 :o take ext5d$ ord] at _! be/ spe$ z !y em]ge f %elt]4 ,if facilities exi/1 tell "o or two platoons to reply to ! fire1 f ! cov]1 till _! own turn comes to move1 by :i* "t ! fir/ lots t w5t out %\ld h got into position to op5 fire4 #b4 ,! company 9 close ord] is aga9 surpris$ by rifle fire1 b !re is no cov] ne> to act z a base4 ,get ! company quickly into ext5d$ ord]1 & let m5 reply to ! fire z soon z !y h ext5d$1 us+ /udi\sly sl[ fire4 #c4 ,! company or platoons 9 ext5d$ ord] h to *ange front to meet an attack f a flank4 ,z 9 ! book1 call on !m to l9e a h$ge or dit*1 fac+ s z to fire 9 ! new direction4 #d4 ,com+ ?r\gh a gap 9 a h$ge or wall1 ei!r 9 advance or retreat1 scatt]+ (f "r & left1 s z to get out ( ! way ( fire conc5trat$ on ! gap4 #e4 ,! sc\ts f a position "s di/ance f ! company report a body ( ! enemy unaw>e ( _! pres5ce & expos$ to fire4 ,br+ ! company quickly up to ! sc\ts' position1 halt1 load1 & adju/ sights "u cov] & j %ort ( ! fir+ position1 & on y\r :i/le ! m5 advance at once to ! edge ( ! fire position & surprise ! enemy by a simultane\s fire f all ! rifles4 #f4 ,tak+ up quickly an all-r\nd def5sive position2 ! platoons or sections g (f & f9d ! be/ positions 9 diff]5t directions :i* y m]ely indicate r\ghly4 #g4 ,ha/ily organis$ attacks1 to dislodge an enemy unexpect$ly f\nd 9 occupation ( a position1 also tak+ up action z flank & re>gu>ds "u fire4 ,,ex]cise ,,xvii4 ,,night ,,op]ation ,,tra9+4 ,i4,t41 #aac1 gives "s in/ructions z to h[ m5 are to be taught to m>* & to use _! e>s & eyes at night1 :ile ,f4,s4,r41 *apt] ix41 goes into ! subject at l5g?4 ,^! op]ations are divid$ into night m>*es1 night advances1 & night attacks4 ,! m5 ( a company w n be fit to take a useful "p 9 night tactical ex]cises ei!r 9 company or 9 battalion1 unless !y h _h "s elem5t>y tra9+ z laid d[n 9 8,infantry ,tra9+10 & h also be5 practis$ 9 ! two indisp5sable duties ( ma9ta9+ connection 7,f4,s4,r41 #abi 7#d77 & 9 reconnaissance 7,f4,s4,r41 #acj 7#a774 ,night patroll+ & ! duties ( night s5tries h be5 dealt ) "u outpo/s1 & ,i w n say any?+ m ab\t !m "h4 ,! re/ ( ! elem5t>y tra9+ conta9$ 9 8,infantry ,tra9+0 requires no explanation1 & y c practise y\r m5 9 x 9 small p>ties4 ,!re rema9s ! ma9t5ance ( connection1 & ,i h f\nd t tra9+ = ?is is be/ done at fir/ by daylight4 ,x is v simple1 & aft] "o or two daylight lessons ! m5 w "w q well by night1 b to beg9 /raight (f "u d>kness w only lead to wa/e ( "t1 z mi/akes _c easily be correct$1 nor ! work+ ( a sy/em made pla94 ,! company %\ld p>ade z /rong z possible 9 ?is ex]cise1 z1 ) only a few files on p>ade1 ! necessity ( ma9ta9+ connection1 & ! difficulty ( do+ s1 are n s obvi\s z :5 a fairly l>ge body ( m5 has to be h&l$ )\t mak+ a noise4 ,connection has to be ma9ta9$ )9 ! company itself1 & also ) ! o!r companies 9 front or re>1 if 9 column ( r\te1 or on ! "r & left1 if deploy$4 ,9 ord] to practise ?is connection ) o!r companies1 repres5t ! front & re>1 or flank section comm&]s ( ! suppos$ adjac5t companies by a man = ea* company1 :o %\ld move :]e ^? section comm&]s w\ld be1 i4e41 9 f\rs1 at ! head or tail ( ! direct+ flank1 9 l9e1 on ! flanks ( ! front rank4 ,use ^! dummies z ! recipi5ts ( all ord]s & signals pass$ along1 s t y\r company may get ! habit ( keep+ t\* ) ! o!rs be=e x works ) ! battalion4 ,i4 ,connect+ ,files4 ,! only sure way ( keep+ connection betwe5 bodies ( troops mov+ 9 sep>ate p>ties is by connect+ files1 :o keep )9 sight ( ea* o!r & s c seldom be at m ?an tw5ty y>ds di/ance ap>t4 ,^! files mu/ be taught to pass comm&s ) exactitude1 & nev] to op5 _! m\?s o!rwise1 i4e41 !y mu/ nev] speculate betwe5 !mselves 8,are !y advanc+80 or s =?1 or talk at all1 because ! next file may he> "s ^w ( _! talk & mi/ake x = an ord]4 ,:5 connect+ files are ne$$ !y mu/ take up _! places )\t its be+ necess>y to tell !m (f l\dly1 & :5 no long] ne$$ !y mu/ close into company 9 sil5ce & 9 good ord]4 ,=m ! company into f\rs1 turn$ to a flank z 9 column ( r\te3 tell ! dummy section comm&] ( ! prec$+ company to m>* (f2 /r+ ! company out aft] him1 ! m5 m>*+ (f 9 files at ab\t t5 paces betwe5 ea* file )\t fur!r comm& aft] ! fir/ "o has gone1 ea* z x moves (f t\*+ ! next to foll[1 to give x notice4 ,:5 !y are all /rung out1 let ! re> dummy section comm&] foll[4 ,!n pass ord]s up ! l9e2 use only ! =m giv5 9 ,i4,t41 #if 7#c74 ,to make sure t su* v]bal ord]s h rea*$ ! int5d$ recipi5t1 ! only way1 ?\gh a sl[ "o1 is to require him to s5d back a report t he has tak5 ! action requir$4 ,?us1 a message f ! re> to ! lead+ portion to halt w\ld be answ]$ f ! lead+ portion by a report pass$ d[n ! l9e to ! comm&] 8,! lead+ portion1 or1 etc41 has halt$40 ,let y\r fir/ ord] be to halt1 pass$ f ! dummy company 9 re> up to t 9 front 8,f ,colonel ,a4 to all companies--halt40 ,on receiv+ ! ord] "o man ( ea* file halts on 8 gr\nd & turns to ! re>1 ! o!r goes =w>d to ! next file z quickly z he c )\t noise1 deliv]s ! ord]1 & returns to 8 =m] place1 :5 he halts & faces ! o!r way f 8 comrade4 ,?us1 on ! completion ( ! ord] to halt1 "o man ( ea* file w be fac+ ea* way4 ,bayonets w usually be fix$ 9 night op]ations1 & x is important1 especially 9 ,rifle ,battalions1 to accu/om m5 to c>ry ! rifle on ! "r %\ld]1 ) ! h& r\nd ! small ( ! butt & nev] at ! trail1 o!rwise !re is mu* dang] ( someone gett+ a /ab z well z an ord]4 ,aft] ! halt1 get on ! move aga9 by pass+ up ! ^w to advance1 & practise any o!r likely ord]s3--8,g fa/ 9 front10 8,g sl[ 9 front10 8,! re> _c keep up10 & s on4 ,foll[ ! ord]s up ! l9e & see t m5 d n tamp] ) ! =m ( ! ord] en r\te1 & t !y speak 9 a :isp] :5 giv+ x ov]4 ,section & platoon comm&]s mu/ be told all ord]s z !y pass1 see t _! units con=m1 & look aft] ! ma9t5ance ( ! di/ance betwe5 files4 ,next practise lat]al communication1 ! f\r platoons 9 "o l9e 9 close ord]1 ) company int]vals betwe5 ea*1 repres5t+ ! lead+ platoons ( f\r companies drawn up 9 l9e ( columns ( platoons at deploy+ int]vals & ready = a night advance4 ,lat]al connect+ files ne$ to be clos] ?an :5 foll[+ ea* o!r1 s put out connect+ files to ! flanks 9 a simil> way to :at 0 done be=e1 b at six1 or eight y>ds int]val4 ,!n move1 halt1 & deploy ! suppos$ column by means ( ^! files1 dress+ & int]val be+ kept up by ! files mov+ up or /epp+ %ort1 & clos+ on or incl9+ f any nam$ company ( direction )\t specific ord]s4 ,,ii4 ,m>*+ & ,=mations4 ,=m up ! company & get x into f\rs z if 9 column ( r\te1 dummy company section comm&]s z be=e4 ,practise m>*+ (f f ! halt1 & halt+1 pass+ ! ^w f ! front or re> company along ! m5 on ! flanks ( ! f\rs4 ,z ! ord] comes along1 ! flank m5 ( ! f\rs nudge or %ove ! o!r m5 9 _! respective f\rs1 & :isp] to ! flank m5 9 ! f\r 9 front or beh9d4 ,!re is seldom any ne$ to speak1 z a pu% or pull is en\gh4 ,! platoon comm&]s get ! ^w f ! flank m5 ( ! sections ( f\rs1 & f "o ano!r z well1 z !y are to foll[ ! ord] along _! own platoons1 & g =w>d or back to ! comm&] ( ! next platoon to :om !y mu/ repeat x1 & !n resume _! prop] places4 ,! platoon comm&] ( ! lead+1 or re>1 platoon is responsible = pass+ ! ^w to ! ne>e/ platoon comm&] ( ! next company4 ,! company (fic]s mu/ arrange also to he> all ord]s1 & %\ld h fix$ positions1 kn[n to all1 :i* !y w only quit tempor>ily4 ,9 m>*+ (f f ! halt1 ! re> portion ( ! company %\ld /ep out well1 z soon z ! ord] rea*es !m1 s z to avoid /raggl+1 :ile ! lead+ f\rs pres]ve a uni=m pace4 ,9 halt+ 9 battalion1 ! lead+ f\rs %\ld close up on ! company 9 front1 & cont9ue to d s1 till x is se5 t x has f9i%$ clos+ up2 !re is always b\nd to be a good deal ( /raggl+ at fir/ ow+ to ! me?od ( giv+ ord]s4 ,:5 ?is sy/em is 9 good work+ ord]1 move & halt ! company on y\r own audibly :isp]$ ^w ( comm&1 ! platoon comm&]s repeat+ x1 ! sy/em ( communication be+ kept up z be=e1 b ! m5 mov+ at once on ! ^w2 ?is w give a fairly simultane\s action ?r\gh\t ! company :ile ensur+ aga9/ loss ( t\*4 ,on ! same l9es1 practise =m+ l9e f column ( platoons1 mass1 & column ( platoons f column ( f\rs1 & m>*+ 9 l9e1 pay+ att5tion ?r\gh\t to dress+ & ! cov]+ ( files 9 l9e4 ,,iii4 ,night ,assault4 ,*oose a position z objective1 & =m ! company1 9 l9e or 9 column ( platoons1 ab\t ?ree hundr$ y>ds f x1 ) sc\ts ab\t eighty y>ds 9 front ( ! company 7,f4,s4,r41 #acg 7#d774 ,?is is ! =mation :i* w\ld usually be adopt$ at ! position ( deploym5t4 ,:5 ! sc\ts h got ab\t "o hundr$ y>ds f ! position1 or up to a l9e :i* !y w\ld recognise 9 ! d>k z be+ 9 close proximity to x1 !y %\ld halt1 & wait = ! arrival ( ! company4 ,! :ole !n move sil5tly =w>d t[>ds ! position till y give ! ^w or signal = assault1 :5 all *>ge4 ,practise ?is /eal?y advance "r on to ! position1 z if ! enemy 7 n al]t1 & also make ! *>ge f "s di/ance1 z w\ld be done if ! enemy op5$ fire1 :i* is recognis$ to be :at w mo/ (t5 happ54 ,aft] ! assault ! m5 %\ld be ralli$ by ! non-commission$ (fic]s tak+ all m5 )9 _! rea*1 & =m+ !m into extemporis$ sections ready to be re=m$ into platoons & to beg9 entr5*+4 ,if by *ance y get mat]ial1 y may introduce ref9em5ts1 9 ! way ( wire-cutt+ m5 ) ea* section1 s& bags ) ea* man1 & bags /uff$ ) /raw c>ri$ ready to ?r[ on to abatis or to fill up tr5*es1 to be c>ri$ 9 a fix$ place 9 ! company4 ,,iv4 ,night ,entr5*+4 ,practise m>*+ ) arms & tools1 & tak+ up a position to be entr5*$1 ) especial reg>d to avoidance ( noise4 ,:5 entr5*+ by night1 ! tr5*es _c be *os5 to give a field ( fire unless x has be5 possible to obta9 access to ! locality by day1 & m>k !m 9 advance2 fail+ ?is ! company comm&]1 z soon z ! position is rea*$1 mu/ s5d patrols1 & g himself1 to asc]ta9 t no comm&+ gr\nd1 at lea/ 9 ! imm$iate vic9ity1 has be5 left unoccupi$1 &1 at ! fir/ light1 all o!r su* po9ts )9 effective range z x is possible to hold1 %\ld be secur$ & entr5*$1 )\t ord]s f high] comm&]s4 ,a full illu/ration ( ?is1 h[ev]1 c only be done by p>ad+ at night4 ,v4 ,se>* ,"w4 ,practise ! company 9 go+ (f1 z if deta*$ f ! column to get t\* ) o!r troops1 or to f9d a gate or bridge by :i* "s ob/acle1 wall1 canal1 etc41 met )1 c be pass$4 ,! company moves (f dropp+ connect+ files to keep t\* ) ! halt$ column1 ! files halt at _! di/ances1 & pass ^w if ! company has a*iev$ its mission1 & close on ! company :5 ! column comes up1 b n be=e1 else ! column w be left out ( t\*2 or1 if ! ne$ has pass$ & ! company is recall$ to ! column1 ! connect+ files aga9 rema9 at _! po/s till ! company is ga!r$ back on !m4 ,,vi4 ,surprises4 ,:5 only a few m5 are on p>ade1 advanc$ education1 comb9$ ) "s amusem5t1 may be got by exp]im5t+ 9 ! be/ ways ( lay+ out obnoxi\s p]sons1 su* z ho/ile patrols1 :o h to be ru%$ 9 sil5ce 7,f4,s4,r41 #ach 7#e774 ,be=e beg9n+ a /alk1 ! qu>ry %\ld be kept "u obs]vation to see :i* way he looks :5 halt$1 & any o!r idiosyncrasies4 ,! assailant %\ld creep up to him ei!r on 8 flank1 or f beh9d1 mov+ "o foot at a "t1 & b5d+ d[n1 ?\gh n on all f\rs4 ,if ! s5try looks 8 way1 he mu/ /ay absolutely motionless1 till he aga9 looks away4 ,my in=mant on ?is matt] 0 a fri5d ( a successful rifle ?ief 9 ,upp] ,india4 ,aft] putt+ ! company ?r\gh ! above daylight c\rse1 y %\ld1 ( c\rse1 put !ory into practice & d "s real night "w :5ev] y get ! *ance1 putt+ out a skeleton enemy or "s obs]v]s to tell y h[ mu* noise y make1 & foll[ out ! full in/ructions z to ord]s1 wat*words1 etc41 giv5 9 ,f4,s4,r41 #ach & #aci4 ,te/ y\r m5 z to _! ability to see 9 ! d>k2 "s m5 c see mu* m ?an o!rs2 spot ^! m5 & tell !m (f z 8,night ,sc\ts40 ,ev5 if !y are n o!rwise qualifi$ z sc\ts1 !y are mo/ useful 9 guid+ ! company ov] r\gh gr\nd4 ,a ,,s*eme ,,( ,a ,,company ,,tra9+4 ,i give bel[1 z an example ( ! application ( ! =ego+ ex]cises1 a s*eme ( company tra9+ :i* ,i actually c>ri$ out4 ,?is 0 9 ! days be=e platoons1 s ,i h alt]$ ! s*eme to %[ :at ,i %\ld h done _h ! company organisation be5 :at x n[ is4 ,i 0 giv5 f ,monday 9 "o week to ,saturday ! next week to m>* out into camp1 ab\t #aj miles1 & get back1 i4e41 two days ( m>*1 & t5 halt$ work+ days4 ,i _h ?irty-five r\nds p] man ( ball c>tridge available = field practice musketry1 & a suffici5cy ( blank = ! requirem5ts ( skeleton enemy & = use ) ! m5 9 "o or two ( ! ex]cises4 ,my m5 7 ,regul>s1 & dur+ ! previ\s furl\gh season ,i _h gr\nd$ !m piecemeal 9 field "w4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- ,,day4 ,,=5oon ,,"w4 ,,aft]noon ,,"w4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #a ,monday ,m>* out to camp4 ,m>* discipl9e & "w ( connect+ files4 ,advanc$ gu>d4 ,sanitation4 ,wat] piquet & sanit>y patrols4 ,pit*$ a p]imet] camp z = savage w>f>e4 ,tr5*$ t5ts aga9/ ra91 & made a %elt] tr5* r\nd camp4 ,al>m po/s4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #b ,tuesday ,individual advance 9 ,improv$ & deep5$ camp ext5d$ ord]4 ,retirem5t entr5*m5ts1 made by pairs4 loop-holes1 night re/s1 & ob/acles4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #c ,w$nesday ,platoon & ,section 9 ,field practice attack z "p ( ,company4 ,musketry3--,individual advance 9 ext5d$ ord]4 #g r\nds ball p] man4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #d ,?ursday ,platoon 9 indep5d5t ,field practice attack4 ,musketry3--,section 9 indep5d5t attack1 #g r\nds ball p] man4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #e ,friday ,platoon 9 retirem5t4 ,prelim9>y tra9+ = ,company attack4 ,fire discipl9e & control4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #f ,saturday ,company 9 attack ) ! ,prep>$ t>get battalion4 positions & m>k]s butts = snap%oot+4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #g ,monday ,company 9 attack ) ,snap%oot+1 #g ,battalion4 r\nds p] man4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #h ,tuesday ,company 9 attack act+ ,snap%oot+1 #g alone4 r\nds p] man4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #i ,w$nesday ,outpo/s4 ,company 9 attack1 #g r\nds ball4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #aj ,?ursday ,def5ce4 ,company 9 retirem5t4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #aa ,friday ,night attack4 ,p>ade at ,ha/y exp$i5ts4 #b4cj a4m4 ---------------------------------------- --------------------------- #ab ,saturday ,m>* back to qu>t]s4 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,catalog page ,*ang$ ,miscellane\s ,tactica to3 ,tactical pg #fb ,*ang$ close & re-=m to3 re=m pg #fc ,*ang$ expect ei!r a c\nt]attack to3 c\nt]-attack pg #fg ,*ang$ ?is ex]cise1 ?\gh to3 ?r\gh pg #gf ,add$ p]iod aft]3 left on ! position pg #abd ,*ang$ tr5*es or make loopholes to3 loop-holes pg #abe ,*ang$ ! l9e ( loopholes to3 loop-holes pg #acf ,*ang$3 7,i4,t1 #aef 7#e77 to3 7,i4,t41 #aef 7#e77 pg #ahb ,add$ comma aft]3 entr5*m5ts1 made loop-holes pg #ahc ,add$ p]iod aft]3 #g r\nds ball p] man pg #ahd ,add$ p]iod aft]3 ,friday ,night attack